際: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 学際交流
- interdisciplinary communication
- 国際旅客航路
- International passenger service
- 国際貨物航路
- Service for international freight
- 沖縄訪問に際して
- Visit to Okinawa Prefecture
- 交際に関すること
- Office duties in regard to association
- 国際スポーツ競技
- International sport competitions
- 研究・国際的な活動
- Researches and international activities
- (財)国際高等研究所
- International Institute for Advanced Studies
- 大化の改新の際に開始
- The Japanese calendar started with the Taika no Kaishin (the Great Reformation of the Taika Era).
- この際安房領は収公される。
- At this time, the territory in the Awa Province was confiscated.
- 同志社国際中学校・高等学校
- Doshisha International Junior/Senior High School
- Doshisha International Junior & Senior High School
- Doshisha International Junior and Senior High School
- Doshisha International Junior / Senior High School
- 国際文化公園都市(大阪府)
- International Culture Park (Osaka Prefecture)
- テニスを通して交際を深めた。
- Their relationship grew closer by playing tennis.
- この際の焼き討ちで全焼した。
- It was burnt down in this fire.
- 実際の標高は432メートル。
- The actual elevation is 432m.
- 市名は、城陽町設置の際に公募。
- The public was consulted when the city was being named.
- 実際には連続して開催されている。
- In fact, the ceremonies were held sequentially.
- この際、四条隆資が戦死している。
- Takasuke SHIJO was killed in this skirmish.
- 国際ダストストームワークショップ
- International workshops for dust storms
- 実際は忌部氏の流れを汲むとされる。
- In fact, it is said that it was traced back to the Inbe clan.
- - 黄砂研究に関する国際的な会合。
- International meetings concerning kosa research.
- 実際は千人に満たない軍団もあった。
- In reality there were also gundan that had fewer than 1,000 men.
- しかし実際には食べる真似だけである。
- However, the child only pretends to eat.
- 我らはみな堀際へ東向きに行きました。
- We all proceeded east along the moat.
- 江戸への隊士募集の際、留守を預かる。
- While members went to Edo to recruit, he remained in Kyoto.
- 1966年:国立京都国際会館が開館。
- 1966: Kyoto International Conference Center opened.
- この際、口の中で味を混ぜる事も多い。
- The tastes of these dishes are often mixed in the person's mouth.
- 実際の戦闘はパイク兵が主体であった。
- Mainly pike soldiers fought in actual fighting.
- 実際厩戸は地名に由来するとの説もある。
- There is another theory that Umayado was named after a place-name.
- しかし、実際に宗家を継承した例はない。
- However, there are no examples of such a succession taking place.
- 国際電気通信基礎技術研究所 (ATR)
- Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR)
- 梅雨を表現する際に出てくることが多い。
- It appears very often when baiu is expressed.
- 立太子礼に際しては記念切手が発行された。
- Commemorative postage stamp was issued for commemorating the ceremony.
- 文久年間の修陵の際にこれを陵側に移した。
- At the restoration during the Bunkyu era, the monument was transferred to the side of the mausoleum.
- 行幸に際し、地名や社名が付く場合がある。
- It is often called using the name of the place or the name of the shrine where Gyoko is being done.
- その際最初の3丁の銃が日本に輸入された。
- At that time, three guns were imported to Japan for the first time.
- 坂上遂高:平将門の乱の際の将門側の武将。
- SAKANOUE no Katsutaka - Busho (Japanese military commander) who sided with Masakado in TAIRA no Masakado's War.
- 大阪国際空港にて日本航空の東京便と連絡。
- Connections to Japan Airlines Corporation's flights to Tokyo at Osaka International Airport
- いわゆる三日天下である(実際には十一日)。
- This is what is known today as Mikka Tenka (literally 'three-day rule') (though his rule was in fact 11 days long).
- 鎌倉幕府は当初、将軍(実際には「鎌倉殿」。
- Initially, what lay at the heart of the Kamakura bakufu was the Shogun (or in actuality, 'the Lord of Kamakura.'
- (株)国際電気通信基礎技術研究所(ATR)
- Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR)
- 実際に謀反を企てていたかどうかは不明である。
- It is unknown whether he was actually planning a rebellion or not.
- この際父の天武天皇が声を出して泣いたという。
- Her father, Emperor Tenmu is said to have cried at that time.
- この際には宮は同行せず加賀国に滞在していた。
- At this time Hokurokunomiya did not go together with Yoshinaka, he stayed in Kaga Province.
- 幕末の修陵の際に現陵に治定され、修補を加えた。
- At the restoration of the imperial tombs in the last years of the Edo period, the present mausoleum was authorized, thereby being restored.
- お七夜の儀に際し、「歓宮」の幼名を授けられる。
- He was named 'Yoshino Miya' (name for a small child) at the celebration of the seventh day after the birth.
- 持統天皇以前の天皇の即位の際の詔は伝わらない。
- The imperial edicts at the enthronement of Empress Jito or before are not documented.
- 即位の際には明治神宮から御本社大神輿が渡御した。
- A large portable shrine came from Meiji-jingu Shrine in his enthronement ceremony.
- 出家に際し、徽子女王や中務から歌を贈られている。
- Upon entering into the priesthood, he was offered waka (Japanese traditional poem) by Princess Kishi and Nakatsukasa (a female waka poet).
- しかし、長宗我部の侵略に際しては頑強に抵抗した。
- When Chosokabe invaded however, they made a strong resistance.
- 綺原坐健伊那大比賣神社(木津川市山城町綺田山際)
- Kiharanimasu-tateinadahime-jinja Shrine (Kabatayamagiwa, Yamashiro-cho, Kizugawa City)
- 平成18年12月20日、誕生日に際する記者会見にて
- This remark was made on December 20, 2006 at the press conference commemorating his birthday.
- これは実際にドイツなどで称号として用いられていた。
- This was actually used as a title in Germany and other countries.
- 主家滅亡の際信長に降伏したが許されず、殺害された。
- At the fall of his lord's family, he appealed his submission to Nobunaga, but his surrender was not accepted and he was killed.
- 尾形俊太郎……1868年の会津戦争の際に行方不明。
- Syuntaro OGATA: Missing during the Aizu War in 1868
- この際の正使黄允吉と副使金誠一が対立関係にあった。
- In this envoy, Yun-gil HWANG, the head of the envoy and Seong-il KIM, its deputy head, were in a bad relationship.
- 平成16年(2004年)、誕生日に際する文書回答より
- This Emperor's remark was quoted from the answer in writing released on the birthday in 2004.
- その際、隠居城として宮津城を築き、舞鶴市から移った。
- At that time he built Miyazu-jo Castle as a castle to retire in and moved from Maizuru City.
- この際皇籍離脱した旧皇族は菊栄親睦会を結成している。
- On this occasion, Imperial members who were demoted from nobility to subject formed a group of Kikuei shinboku kai.
- (実際には、俀国が600年に遣隋使をおくっている。)
- (In fact, Wakoku sent an envoy to Sui in 600.
- 実際鎌倉幕府の有力御家人の多くは在庁官人出身である。
- In fact, many leading gokenin (retainers) of the Kamakura bakufu were from the zaichokanjin.
- 実際に調査を行い用地買収にも着手している段階にある。
- Indeed, the plan has reached the stage of surveying the area and the acquisition of land has begun.
- この訪問に際しては、提灯行列も出るなどの歓迎を受けた。
- During the visit, the Emperor received hearty welcome, such as the lantern procession.
- その際、後嵯峨院は、亀山の皇子世仁親王を皇太子とした。
- At the same time, Gosagain made Imperial Prince Yohito, the son of Kameyama, Crown Prince.
- この飢饉に際して時宗の願阿弥は京都で粟粥などを施した。
- During the famine, Ganami of the Ji Sect served millet porridge in Kyoto.
- この他に大きな行事や造営の際には臨時の課税が存在した。
- Other contingent taxes were imposed for constructing public buildings and important ceremonies.
- 蟻通勘吾……1869年5月11日、箱館戦争の際、戦死。
- Kango ARIDOSHI: Died May 11, 1869 fighting in the Hakodate War
- 奥沢栄助……1864年6月5日、池田屋事変の際に討死。
- Eisuke OKUZAWA: Died June 5, 1864 fighting in the Ikedaya Incident
- 嶋原は世間では遊廓と語られがちだが実際は遊廓ではない。
- Shimabara is often considered to have been a yukaku (red-light district) in the eyes of the public, but in fact, it was not a yukaku.
- 京都国際マンガミュージアム ※交差点より北へ徒歩1分。
- Kyoto International Manga Museum * one-minute walk to the north from the intersection
- 吉見氏は後醍醐天皇の挙兵に際し、朝廷方について戦った。
- The Yoshimi clan fought on the side of the Imperial Court when the Emperor Godaigo raised his army.
- 平治の乱の際に、信西の次男で敗将藤原成憲を受け取った。
- During the Heiji War, he accepted defeat from the general FUJIWARA no Shigenori, the second son of FUJIWARA no Shinzei.
- 空港はないが、国際航空運送協会都市コードUKYを持つ。
- The city doesn't have an airport, but it has the IATA airport code 'UKY.'
- その際、湖畔を埋め立て、八幡山周囲に八幡堀を開削した。
- In the development project, the lakeside area was reclaimed, and Hachiman-bori Canal was dug around Mt. Hachiman.
- 皇位継承による改元の際には1年後を正確に表現できない。
- When gengo is changed in the case of the accession of the heir apparent to the throne, it is impossible to accurately express the point when exactly one year has passed from the succession.
- その際、檜扇も白銅の飾り金具を使い白糸で綴った物を使う。
- In such situation, they used hiogi with decorative nickel fixtures and white biding strings.
- 戊辰戦争の際にはその戦功により賞典禄50石が与えられた。
- In the Boshin Civil War, their contributions were rewarded with Shotenroku (additional rice stipends) of 50 goku.
- 元禄修陵では所在を誤ったが、幕末修陵に際して現陵に治定。
- In Genrokushuryo (the restoration of the imperial tombs in the Genroku era of the Edo period), the location of Emperor Annei's misasagi was mistaken, but in Bakumatsushuryo (the restoration of the imperial tombs in the end of Edo period) the current site was authorized as his misasagi.
- 林信太郎……1868年10月27日、戊辰戦争の際、討死。
- Shintaro HAYASHI: Died October 27, 1868 fighting in the Boshin War
- 有間皇子の変に際して、蘇我赤兄は天皇の3つの失政を挙げた。
- Upon the uprising of Prince Arima, SOGA no Akae raised the following three instances of misadministration by the Empress:
- 妹の吉子女王が徳川斉昭に嫁ぐ際、口添えをしたともいわれる。
- Some say that Takako advised her younger sister, the Princess Yoshiko to marry Nariaki TOKUGAWA.
- なおこれらの絵柄は大正天皇の即位礼に際して定められたもの。
- These designs were designated at the ceremony of the enthronement of the Emperor Taisho.
- 食事の際などに使ったもので、現代の皇室でも使うことがある。
- This was used mainly at meals, and this is still sometimes used by the present Imperial family.
- なお穏子立后の際に中宮職が置かれ、以後これが主流となった。
- When Onshi/Yasuko became the consort of the Emperor, the post of the second consort was created and it became mainstream after that.
- 幕末修陵に際して現陵を擬し、明治11年(1878年)治定。
- During the repair of the mausoleum conducted in the end of Edo period it was finally determined to be the actual one in 1878.
- 臣下を招いて双六を講じた際に臣下に対し褒美を与えたという。
- It is said that he rewarded his subjects when he played Sugoroku with them.
- その際に骨壺だけ奪い去られて遺骨は近くに遺棄されたという。
- The urn was gone and the ashes were thrown away somewhere around the mausoleum.
- 綴喜郡美豆村(みずむら)(美豆、際目、生津の3大字がある)
- Mizu village, Tsuzuki County (There were three Oaza, i.e., Mizu, Saime and Namazu.)
- 流れの激しいところは川岸に上陸し、水際を這ってさかのぼる。
- In areas where the water flow is too rapid they get up on land, and they crawl upstream along the edge of the water.
- 天皇の崩御に際しては、国の行事として「大喪の礼」が行われる。
- At the emperor's demise, 'the Rites of an Imperial Funeral' is performed as national event.
- (上総の土岐氏も秀吉の小田原の陣に際し領地を失い滅亡した)。
- (The Toki clan in Kazusa Province also lost its territories at Odawara no Jin, the Siege of Odawara, by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and was ruined).
- 日本においては皇族が臣籍降下する際に名乗る氏の一つであった。
- In Japan, Minamoto was one of the surnames that an imperial family took when it was demoted to an ministry.
- 実際にはこの理由のみで即位した天皇は歴史上一度も存在しない。
- In fact, no Emperor has ever ascended the throne for this reason alone.
- 実際、院政が本格化すると皇太子を立てることがなくなっている。
- In fact, when the cloistered government developed full-scale, there was no need to have an official Crown Prince.
- (実際には公にされてはいないものの愛妾があったようである。)
- (Although it was not known in the public, Iemochi seemed to have a mistress.)
- 『古事記』では弟橘姫は海に身を投じる際、下記のように詠んだ。
- In the 'Kojiki,' before Oto Tachibana Hime drowned herself in the sea, she composed the following poem:
- 寿永2年(1183年)平家の都落ちの際、六波羅館は焼失した。
- When the Taira family was exiled from Kyoto in 1183, the Rokuhara yakata was burned down.
- その際の地名を取って火縄銃のことを種子島と呼ぶようになった。
- Matchlock guns became called Tanega-shima Island after the place where they were imported for the first time.
- 大阪国際空港(伊丹) - 但馬飛行場(日本エアコミューター)
- Osaka International Airport (Itami) - Tajima Airfield (Japan Air Commuter Co., Ltd.)
- アジア地域で国際前装銃連盟に加盟しているのは日本のみである。
- In the Asian region, only Japan joins the international muzzle loader association.
- 実際の出自を息長氏などの地方豪族に求める説も有力となっている。
- Thus, some historians and scholars searched for support in fact, that the actual origin of the Emperor Keitai accession, may have been the powerful local clans such as, the Okinaga clan, and this theory was supported through historical study.
- 誕生に際して「日嗣の御子は生れましぬ」との和歌も詠まれている。
- A Waka 'The child inheriting the throne was born' was composed when he was born.
- 実際は1万石にも満たないが、特別に認められた異例の藩となった。
- It was an exceptional case in which the feudal domain yielding less than 10,000 koku in fact was approved to exist as clan.
- 承久年間に東宮(のちの仲恭天皇)が着袴に際して使用したという。
- During the Jokyu era, Togu (the Crown Prince) (later Emperor Chukyo) used this type of fan for chakko (ceremony of first-time wearing of a hakama).
- 天明の京都大火に際しては青蓮院に移り、ここを粟田御所と号した。
- She moved to the Shoren in Temple when there was a big fire in Kyoto, after that the Palace was named Awata Palace.
- 一説には倭迹迹日百襲媛命が母(実際は姉)であったとも言われる。
- According to one theory, his mother is said to be Yamatototohimomosohime no Mikoto (although she was actually his older sister).
- 天皇は狩に出かけた際、猪を射殺せない気弱な舎人を殺そうとした。
- When the Emperor went hunting, he saw a timid toneri (a servant) who could not shoot an arrow at a boar and decided to kill him.
- この際、神八井耳は恐怖で手足が震えおののいて矢を放てなかった。
- On this occasion, Kamuyaimimi was shaking with fear, and was unable to shoot an arrow.
- 子が数え5歳の時に『賜剣の儀』の際に贈られた袴を着用する儀式。
- A ceremony whereby the child wears the hakama presented in the 'Shiken no gi' at the age of five counted by the traditional Japanese system.
- 兄為尊親王の死後、その生前の交際相手である和泉式部と交際する。
- After his elder brother Imperial Prince Tametaka died, he started to go out with Izumi Shikibu, who had a relationship with Imperial Prince Tametaka before he died.
- 制定にあたっては実際には関係がないとは言えないところではある。
- It is not necessarily true that there is no direct connection between the Meiji-setsu and the establishment of Culture Day.
- 今後は国際貿易港たる舞鶴港を中心とした産業育成を急がれている。
- In the future industrial development should be hurried with Maizuru Port as an international trade port in center.
- 遺骸を火葬にした際、その煙は都の方角にたなびいたと伝えられる。
- It is also said when his body was cremated, the smoke went to the direction where capital city was.
- 平成15年(2003年)12月18日、誕生日に際する記者会見にて
- He made this remark on December 18, 2003 at the press conference held for commemorating his birthday.
- 平成13年(2001年)12月18日、誕生日に際する記者会見にて
- He made this remark on December 18, 2001 at the press conference held for commemorating his birthday.
- 平成20年(2008年)12月23日、誕生日に際する文書回答にて
- This Emperor's remark was quoted from the answer in writing released on the birthday, December 23, 2008.
- 天皇機関説論争の際には、神勅が天皇による直接統治の根拠とされた。
- When the issue of the Emperor Organ Theory emerged, oracles became the evidence for the emperors' reign.
- 天智天皇の危篤、崩御の際に詠んだ歌4首が万葉集に収められている。
- Four of her poems composed while the Emperor Tenchi was in critical condition, and on his death were selected in Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves).
- 延喜13年、鷹狩に出た際に、不意に塹壕の泥沼の中に転落して溺死。
- In 913, he fell into mire, was entrenched and drowned while practicing falconry.
- 邦英王は依仁親王薨去の際は天皇の沙汰によって葬儀の喪主を務めた。
- Prince Kunihide hosted the funeral when Prince Yorihito passed away.
- 実際に応永19年(1412年)8月、北朝側の称光天皇が践祚する。
- And actually, in September 1412, Emperor Shoko of the Northern Court succeeded the Imperial Throne.
- 建久9年(1198年)、土御門天皇の大嘗祭の際に女御代を務めた。
- In 1198, she served as nyogo-dai (court lady who acted for nyogo) in the Daijo-sai festival (a festival to celebrate the succession of an emperor) for Emperor Tsuchimikado.
- 治承4年(1180年)父以仁王の挙兵に際して平家に捕らえられる。
- He was captured by the Taira family when his father, Prince Motohito rose in arms in 1180.
- 新年祝賀と天皇誕生日祝賀に際し、皇居において一般参賀をおこなう。
- On New Year Celebration and the Emperor's Birthday, the public can visit the Palace to offer their congratulations.
- その橋の際に人一人がいたので、そのまま我らはその首を取りました。
- There was a man near the bridge, and we cut off his head right away.
- 水上勉は舞鶴市で教員をしていた頃、犯人と実際に会っているという。
- Tsutomu MIZUKAMI said that he in fact met this criminal when he was a teacher in Maizuru City.
- ここでは、実際に史料を見て、「会所」の用いられ方を見ていきたい。
- Here, it is recommended that the incorporation of the 'Kaisho' be seen by in fact observing historical documents.
- 葵祭(賀茂御祖神社例祭)に際して、供奉官などを任ずる臨時の除目。
- An irregular jimoku for appointing gubukan (a special monk who holds a position in the Imperial court) for Aoi Matsuri, Hollyhock flower Festival (the annual festival of Kamomioya-jinja Shrine)
- また、『日本後紀』の散逸部分を知る際に『日本紀略』が助けになる。
- 'Nihongi Ryaku' is also helpful in better understanding the sections lost from 'Nihonkoki' (Later Chronicle of Japan).
- 実際の一揆は、大名層からの抑圧に関係なく結ばれることも多かった。
- Actually, ikki were frequently formed without regard for suppression by the rule of the daimyo.
- 尼子氏滅亡に際しては山中幸盛の首級が鞆に届けられ実検が行われた。
- At the downfall of the Amago clan, the decapitated head of Yukimori YAMANAKA was delivered to Tomo for inspection.
- その際に築かれた槇島堤と小倉堤に囲まれた一帯の北部が向島となる。
- The northern area surrounded by Makishima-zutsumi Dike and Ogura-zutsumi bank built at that time became Mukaijima.
- 平成21年(2009年)4月8日、結婚満50年に際する記者会見にて
- This remark was made on April 8, 2009 at the press conference commemorating the 50th wedding anniversary.
- 即位に際して儀式を執り行うことも多く、戴冠式(即位式)と呼ばれる。
- An enthronement is often celebrated with a ceremony called a coronation or an enthronement ceremony.
- しかし、序列的な意味合いもあるため実際の生誕順ではないことがある。
- However, since such descriptions sometimes imply their ranks, the lists might not be arranged exactly in order of their actual birth year.
- 実際に皇族の子孫などであった可能性は高いが、その詳細は不明である。
- There is high possibility that that person was the descendant of the imperial family, but the details are not known.
- 保延7年(1141年)には鳥羽上皇受戒の際には受戒の師をつとめた。
- In 1141 when the retired Emperor Toba received commandments, Kakuho gave them to him.
- 和泉式部と交際していたが、身分の違いを理由に結婚はかなわなかった。
- The prince fell in love and was going out with Izumi Shikibu, but was not able to marry her because of class difference.
- 原田左之助:1868年5月17日、上野戦争の際に重傷を負い、死去。
- Sanosuke HARADA: Died May 17, 1868 after receiving a fatal injury at the Battle of Ueno
- 現在、日本の各所に通信使来日の際に筆写された行列絵巻が残っている。
- Today, pictures depicting a procession of Tsushinshi remain in various places of Japan.
- 日本海側でも有数の国際貿易港の舞鶴港を中心に重厚長大産業から成る。
- It is an area of heavy industries centering around Maizuru Port, which is one of the Japan's leading international trade ports on the Japan Sea side.
- 国際会館駅 - 松ヶ崎駅 (京都府) → (至竹田駅 (京都府))
- Kokusaikaikan Station - Matsugasaki Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - (to/from Takeda Station (Kyoto Prefecture))
- 平成10年(1998年)12月18日、天皇誕生日に際する記者会見にて
- He made this remark on December 18, 1998 at the press conference held for commemorating the Emperor's Birthday.
- この際には動転した被災者の少女が皇后に抱きつくという出来事もあった。
- A girl, one of victims losing her head unexpectedly clung to the Empress Michiko.
- イラク:クウェート侵攻での国際的に問題だと宮内庁側の一方的な取り消し
- Iraq: The invitation was cancelled by Imperial Household Agency due to the invasion of Kuwait, which was considered an international issue.
- 833年(天長10年)従兄弟にあたる仁明天皇の即位に際し立太子した。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince when his cousin Emperor Ninmyo acceded the throne in 833.
- 神武天皇の東征の先鋒を務め、神武天皇即位の際には宮門の警衛を務めた。
- He took the leadership in the Tosei (Eastern expedition) of Emperor Jinmu and at the enthronement of Emperor Jinmu, he took charge of the security of the Imperial Palace's gates.
- 聖武天皇は譲位の際にも、自らの即位の事情に触れて不改常典に言及した。
- When Emperor Shomu abdicated the throne, he touched on the circumstances at the time of his enthronement, and referred to Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten.
- 実際に荘園領主の代官として現地に乗り込んで年貢を徴収する者も現れた。
- Some actually entered the manor as governor and collected land tax.
- この際、「大字東梅津」として存続していた区域は東梅津前子町となった。
- At this time, the district which existed as 'Oaza Higashi Umezu' was reorganized into Higashi Umezu Maeko-cho.
- 装填したあと火蓋を縛っておいたこよりを戦闘の際に切る動作に由来する。
- That, when shooting, you cut the spill tied to the pan cover after loading.
- 禅僧の修行の際の軽食を「懐石」と称していたのが後の懐石の語源である。
- The light meal that Zen priest ate during their religious training was called 'kaiseki' (懐石), being the origin of the term of kaiseki (懐石) to be used later.
- 以上、平成17年(2005年)12月19日、誕生日に際する記者会見にて
- This is the remark made on December 19, 2005 at the press conference held for commemorating his birthday.
- 敗戦時の玉音放送の際にはホテルの2階の廊下に他の学習院生と一緒にいた。
- When the Emperor's announcement of Japan's surrender was broadcasted, the Crown Prince had listened the broadcast with other students of the Gakushuin School on a corridor of the second floor of the hotel.
- 対外的には、天皇は大日本帝国皇帝であるが実際の為政者は内閣としていた。
- Externally, it was stated that the Emperor was the leader of the Empire of Japan but that the actual policymaker was the Cabinet.
- 一説には、乙巳の変の際、入鹿共々、クーデター派の標的だったと言われる。
- One theory is that he was also the target of coups together with Iruka at Isshi no hen.
- 疎開先で戦況についての説明を受けた際、特別攻撃隊に対して疑問を感じた。
- When an officer explained the war situation to the Crown Prince, the Crown Prince had doubts about suicide squad.
- 義昭が織田信長と反目し挙兵した際には、義昭とともに抗戦したが降伏した。
- He fought with Yoshiaki when Yoshiaki took up arms against Nobunaga ODA, but surrendered.
- 第二代閑院宮典仁親王の時に、新井白石の慧眼が実際に役立つこととなった。
- Hakuseki ARAI's keen insight was helpful while the Second Kan in no Miya, Imperial Prince Sukehito was in power.
- このため後嵯峨は以後の皇位継承に際しても幕府の内諾を得てから決定した。
- Accordingly, Gosaga also decided the following heir to the imperial throne with the approval of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 同年起こった平治の乱に際しては、天皇と共に平清盛の六波羅第に遷幸した。
- In the same year, when the Heiji Disturbance occurred, she departed from the capital to TAIRA no Kiyomori's Rokuhara-tei, together with the Emperor.
- また、明仁親王の天皇即位の際にも世界各国の国家元首が多く参列に訪れた。
- Also, when Imperial Prince Akihito was enthroned as Emperor, many leaders of countries around the world attended.
- 定政は、徳川が関東に移封された際、下総国の守谷市で一万石を与えられた。
- Sadamasa was given 10,000 koku (approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield) in Moriya, Shimousa Province (Moriya domain) when the territory of the Tokugawa clan was transferred to Kanto region.
- なお、この事件の報が日本本土に伝わった際、元寇の再来との憶測が流れた。
- When news of the Korean attack on Tsushima reached mainland Japan, speculation ran rife that this was the second advent of the earlier Mongol invasions.
- 実際の運用においては、養老年間に改訂が行われ、以下の規定が定められた。
- This regulation was, however, revised in the Yoro period, therefore a newly established regulation, which is mentioned below, was applied practically.
- そのため、特に「国郡部」を見る際に「元和古活字本」とともに参照される。
- Therefore, this book is used together with 'Genna kokatsuji-bon,' especially when referring to the 'province/county category.'
- 直義は鎌倉を落ちる際に密かに家臣の淵辺義博に護良親王を殺害させている。
- When escaping from Kamakura, Naoyoshi made his vassal Yoshihiro FUCHINOBE kill Imperial Prince Morinaga in secret.
- 室町時代に北野天満宮の再建の際に残った機材を使って7軒の茶店を建てた。
- In the Muromachi period, seven tea houses were built with leftover materials from the reconstruction of the Kitano Tenmangu Shrine.
- In the Muromachi period, seven teahouses were built with leftover materials from the reconstruction of the Kitano Tenmangu Shrine.
- (至国際会館駅)← くいな橋駅 - 竹田駅 →(近鉄京都線に乗り入れ)
- (from/to Kokusai Kaikan Station) - Kuinabashi Station - Takeda Station - (extension of service into the Kintetsu Kyoto Line)
- これらは三条河原町通付近を行動する際の待ち合わせスポットとなっている。
- These are meeting places for touring around Sanjokawaramachi-dori Street.
- 1994年 古都京都の文化財、国際連合教育科学文化機関世界遺産に登録。
- 1994: Cultural assets of Kyoto, which is a city having a long history, were registered as world heritage by UNESCO.
- この際、「大字松尾谷」として存続していた区域は松尾谷松尾山町となった。
- At this time, the area of 'Oaza Matsuodani' became the Matsuodani Matsuoyamacho Town.
- この矛盾も、応神‐仁徳の系譜が実際には造作されていることをうかがわせる。
- This contradiction suggests that the pedigree record from Ojin to Nintoku is obviously made up.
- 江戸時代には重儀に際して女官が手に開き持って顔を隠したのでこの名がある。
- The name 'Okazashi' came from the fact that in the Edo Period court ladies used this type of fan at important ceremonies to hide their faces by holding open fans in their hands.
- 平安遷都に際しては葛野郡の秦氏の財力・技術力が重要だったとする説もある。
- Some say that the economic power and the technical skills of the Hata clan in Kadono County were important in the transfer of the national capital to Kyoto.
- 後白河が出家した際の儀式では、戒師以下8人の僧全員が園城寺の門徒だった。
- At the ceremony held when Goshirakawa entered the priesthood, all eight monks followed by the priest who imparts the Buddhist commandments were from Onjo-ji Temple.
- 江戸時代の後光明天皇以後は様式は火葬のまま、実際には土葬の制が復活した。
- Doso no sei (imperial command of burial) was restored while maintaining the cremation style after Emperor Gokomyo of the Edo Period.
- また、盗掘の際に作成された『阿不幾乃山陵記』に石室の様子が書かれている。
- Also the condition of the rock chamber at that time was depicted in 'Aoki no Sanryoki' written when the grave robbing happened.
- And the investigation report of the robbery, 'Afuki no sanryoki,' describes its rock chamber.
- 老中支配であるが、任地の関係で実際には京都所司代の指揮下で職務を行った。
- Roju (member of shogun's council of elders) theoretically held control, but Kyoto Shoshidai (the administrative and political office) in fact held power due to its place of appointment.
- その際、八角塔の基壇が復元され、周辺一帯が史跡公園として整備保存された。
- On this occasion, the octagonal stylobate of the tower was reconstructed, and a historic park was built around the remains to preserve them.
- また実際、昭和8年には奉安殿の建築デザインに関するコンペも開かれている。
- Moreover, the competition concerning the architectural design of Hoan-den was held in 1933.
- 1974年にダム湖が出来た際に、湖畔まで源泉を引湯し、温泉街を形成した。
- The source was drawn to the bank of Futstsuno Dam to develop a hot spring resort when the dam lake was completed in 1974.
- また、信忠が二条御所で奮戦した際、ネグロイドの家臣ヤスケも戦ったという。
- It is told that, when Nobutada fought bravely in the Nijo Gosho, his vassal Yasuke, who was a negroid also fought.
- 剪定の際は不要な枝を根元から切り取り、その傷口を消毒し保護剤で保護する。
- At pruning, unnecessary branches should be cut from the bases and the cut ends should be disinfected and protected by protective materials.
- 実際に政治を運営するのは、天皇でなく元老や内閣(藩閥政府)の各大臣である。
- The people who actually administrated politics were not the Emperor but Genro (elder statesman) and ministers in the Cabinet (Han-dominated government).
- 三田村氏は京極氏の根本被官であったが、浅井氏の勢力拡大の際に二つに割れた。
- The Mitamura clan had been one of the konpon hikan (primal vassals) of the Kyogoku clan, but the clan was split into two when the Azai clan extended its influence.
- しかし、延暦元年(782年)の行政整理の際に造宮省とともに廃止されている。
- However, it was abolished together with Zogusho (Ministry of Making and Mending Palaces) during the public administration restructure in 782.
- 崩御に際して「ロンドンタイムズ」は彼女の功績を高く評価する記事を掲載した。
- At the time of her death, 'Times of London' ran an article highly evaluating her great achievements.
- 妻が姦通した際に姦通相手と妻を殺害することを女敵討(めがたきうち)という。
- Megatakiuchi referred to the killing of one's wife in adultery along with the man with whom she had committed the adultery.
- このように、実際に一揆の盟約によって秩序が達成されていた中世後期があった。
- As such, in the later middle ages the social order was actually secured based on the league of ikki.
- 福知山という地名は明智光秀の城改修の際に名付けられた「福智山」に由来する。
- The name of Fukuchiyama originates from 'Fukuchiyama' (described as 福智山 in kanji differently from the current description of 福知山) which was named when Mitsuhide AKECHI carried out castle renovations.
- 足利将軍家の血脈が絶えた際には足利宗家の家督を継承することが許されていた。
- This means that the Kira and the Imaga clans were allowed to succeed the family estate of the head family of Ashikaga, if the lineage of the Ashikaga Shogunate family died out.
- また、天然理心流入門の際に誓約させられる神文帳との類似性も指摘されている。
- Also, it has been pointed out that the rules are similar to Shin-mon Chou, on which the pupils of Tennen Rishin-ryu take a pledge.
- 神武天皇は神武東征に際し、熊野から吉野を通って大和に入ったと言われている。
- When making an eastern expedition, Emperor Jinmu is said to have left Kumano and entered Yamato Province through Yoshino.
- 上洛する際、最も初めに京都の街を見下ろすことが出来た峠として知られている。
- Upon going to the center of Kyoto, this was the pass where one could take the first glimpse of the town of Kyoto.
- 製造に際しては、麹が増えると甘味が増し、大豆が増えると旨味が増すとされる。
- In the production of miso, the more koji, the more sweet it becomes; the more soybean, the more umami it has.
- 帰り際には、マイクロバスの窓から手を振って被災者を励ます写真も残されている。
- A photograph remains, showing the scene in which the Imperial couple is waving their hands from the window of a microbus to encourage the victims.
- 大正天皇臨終の際、貞明皇后の配慮によって枕辺で別れを告げたという逸話を残す。
- For example, there was an anecdote that Ms. Naruko YANAGIHARA was able to say farewell to the Emperor Taisho (her son) in his last moment, at his bedside, this was because of her making an arrangement through the Empress Teimei.
- 実際、干支は暦法に依存せずに60の周期で単純に繰り返すので簡易に計算できる。
- In fact, since the Oriental zodiac cycle just repeats itself in cycles of 60 days without associating itself to any calendar, the calculation is very simple.
- 平成14年(2002年)12月、人間ドックに入った際に前立腺癌が発見された。
- He was diagnosed as having prostate cancer in December 2002 when he was hospitalized for a complete physical checkup.
- 以後、西郊家も羽林家に加わることとなったが、その際、家名を高松に改めている。
- When the Saiko family joined the Urin family, the family name was changed to Takamatsu.
- なお入内の際、父政熙は落飾し隠居していたことから、兄政通夫妻の養女となった。
- She became an adopted daughter of her older brother Masamichi and his wife when she made judai (an imperial consort's bridal entry into court) because her father Masahiro had already been tonsured and retired.
- 戊辰戦争の際、甥に当たる明治天皇に手紙を書き、将軍徳川慶喜の助命を嘆願した。
- During the Boshin War, she wrote to her nephew, Emperor Meiji asking to spare the Shogun, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's life.
- 祭祀に際しては貴族が派遣されることになっており、その役目を荷前の使と呼んだ。
- Nobles who were sent to attend mausoleum rituals were known as 'nosaki no tsukai' (messengers sent to pay tributes).
- 菅原道真と早くから親交があり、阿衡の紛議の際にはともに意見書を提出している。
- He had a long friendship with SUGAWARA no Michizane, and they worked together to organize their opinions and submitted a report when the Ako Incident occurred.
- 南北朝合一の際、北朝 (日本)側は恒敦を後小松天皇の皇太子とする約束をした。
- At the time of the unification of the Southern and Northern Courts, the Northern Court promised to make Tsuneatsu as the Crown Prince of Emperor Gokomatsu.
- 皇室の儀式を担当する式部副長と国際親善を担当する式部副長がそれぞれおかれる。
- One Vice-Grand Master of the Ceremonies is in charge of ceremonies in the Imperial Family, and the other Vice-Grand Master of the Ceremonies is in charge of international goodwill.
- 親王が20歳の若さで薨去した際には非常に嘆き悲しんだという(『栄花物語』)。
- She wailed over the death of the Imperial Prince when he died at the age of 20 ('Eiga Monogatari,' the Tale of Glory).
- しかし実際に移配俘囚が定住先で自活することはなく、俘囚料の給付を受け続けた。
- However, those Fushu never started earning a living by themselves in their permanent places to stay and continued to receive the Fushu allowance.
- 義詮は譲歩の確認のために尊氏と連絡し、万一の際の退路を確保するなど紛糾した。
- Yoshiakira contacted Takauji to confirm the concessions and tried to keep a contingent escape route.
- (至国際会館駅) - 鞍馬口駅※ - 今出川駅 - (至竹田駅 (京都府))
- (to/from Kokusaikaikan Station) - Kuramaguchi Station* - Imadegawa Station - (to/from Takeda Station (Kyoto Prefecture))
- 東京と京都を区別する際には、東京は「京」、京都は「洛」と略されて区別される。
- When distinguishing between Tokyo and Kyoto, the following abbreviations are used: 'kyo' for Tokyo and 'raku' for Kyoto.
- (なおこの際、市民運動が起こった。鉄道と政治京都駅(東海道新幹線)も参照)。
- (Incidentally, there was a social movement against the opening (see also 'Railroad' and 'Politics').
- 展望台からは、大阪府側は関西国際空港や、その向こうの淡路島も見える事がある。
- At the viewing platform, Kansai International Airport, followed by Awaji-shima Island on the Osaka Prefecture side could be clearly viewed.
- 昭和30年、上京区から北区が分区した際、上記の町は北区に属することとなった。
- They were incorporated into Kita Ward which was separated from Kamigyo Ward in 1955.
- 彼が後に江戸幕府に仕えて高家に列した際に「六角院(ろっかくいん)」と名乗った。
- Later, when Hirokata served the Edo shogunate and became a “koke” (privileged family under Tokugawa Shogunate), he called himself “ROKKAKUIN.”
- その際、後白河院から源姓を賜与されて名も「以仁王」と改められ、流罪が下された。
- During this battle, he was given the surname of Minamoto by the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, was renamed the Prince Mochihito and was doomed into exile.
- これらの事情を考慮すると、上位とされる2家と実際には同等であるとの説も存在する
- Therefore, there exists another opinion which says that the Mito family was equally prestigious to the other two families which were generally thought to be higher in social status.
- 日本の皇族男子が宮家を新設し、独立して生計を立てる際に天皇より与えられる称号。
- It is a title given by the Emperor when a son of an Imperial family establishes a Miyake (house of an imperial prince), becomes independent, and starts making his living.
- 神事や食事などの際は、長い纓が邪魔になるためそれぞれ特殊な手段で処理していた。
- As his long ei might bother him while in ritual ceremonies or at meals, the ei was folded in some special manners.
- しかし現代は皇室典範により、非皇族との結婚に際しては皇籍離脱が定められている。
- In modern age, however, Imperial House Act provides that an Imperial Princess should leave Imperial family when she marries a man from non-imperial family.
- 本能寺の変の際、信長の嫡子織田信忠守る二条御所(二条城の前身)に滞在していた。
- He was staying at the Nijo Palace (the former Nijo-jo Castle) where Nobunaga's eldest son, Nobutada was protected, when the Honnoji Incident happened.
- 以下の皇位継承儀式は、皇太子明仁親王(今上天皇)の皇位継承に際するものである。
- The following details of the ceremony for Imperial succession were taken from Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Akihito's enthronement ceremony (the present Emperor).
- また、奈良時代などに於いて、行幸の際に宿泊するところを行宮(かりみや)と言う。
- It's also called Karimiya to stay a night during Gyoko during the Nara period.
- この際に大友皇子が即位していたか否かで正統性が一方に傾くため、議論が絶えない。
- The fact about whether Prince Otomo was already the emperor at that time or not is still open to debate, because it decided who had rights and who didn't.
- 母の狭穂姫命はその兄狭穂彦王の興した叛乱(狭穂姫命狭穂毘古の叛乱)の際に自殺。
- His mother Sahohime no mikoto killed herself, involved in the rebellion (Rebellion of Sahohime no mikoto and Sahohiko no miko) touched off by her elder brother Sahohiko no miko.
- その際、新帝の東宮には親仁親王の皇太弟である尊仁親王をあてるよう頼通に告げる。
- At that time, Emperor Gosanjo told Yorimichi to appoint the Imperial Prince Takahito, younger brother of Imperial Prince Chikahito, as the Crown Prince of the new Emperor.
- 1183年 法住寺合戦の際、皇后宮亮子内親王らとともに頌子内親王の五辻第に避難
- In 1183, escaped to Itsutusji-tei of Imperial Princess Shoshi with Kisai no miya Imperial Princess Ryoshi when the Battle of Hoju-ji Temple broke out
- 同盟軍は長岡城を奪還したものの、この際、指揮をとっていた河井継之助が負傷する。
- Although the allied forces recaptured Nagaoka Castle, commander Tsugunosuke KAWAI was wounded in the battle.
- しかし、実際に延喜期の政務をリードしたのは太政官筆頭の左大臣藤原時平であった。
- However, a person who actually played a leading role attending to government affairs in the Engi period was FUJIWARA no Tokihira, Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), Daijokan hitto (head council of state).
- 実際、鉄砲隊とは名ばかりで、地役人や臨時の江戸詰め藩卒として動員されたりした。
- In reality, 'firearm unit' was merely a name, and the group was mobilized as locally-hired officers and low-ranking samurai from a domains working in Edo.
- In reality, it was a fusilier regiment in name alone and its members were mobilized to serve as local officials lower ranking samurai to work on an ad-hoc basis in Edo (now modern day Tokyo).
- 国際連合教育科学文化機関や平和運動など幅広い活躍を行い、法政大学総長も務めた。
- He was engaged in wide-ranging activities, such as those of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and peace movement, and also served as the president of Hosei University.
- 義弁の孫上野頼兼は、足利尊氏が鎌倉幕府に反旗を翻し挙兵した際には従軍している。
- When Takauji ASHIKAGA raised an army against the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), Yorikane UENO, a grandson of 上野義弁, sided with him.
- ヤスケはもともと、宣教師との謁見の際に信長の要望で献上された黒人の奴隷である。
- Originally, Yasuke was a negroid slave who was presented to Nobunaga upon his request at the occasion of giving audience to a missionary.
- この際、大字北白川として存続していた区域は「北白川」を冠称する13町となった。
- At the same time the area which survived as 'Oaza Kitashirakawa' was divided into 13 towns prefixed by 'Kitashirakawa.'
- 春から夏に季節が移り変わる際、東アジアでは性質の違うこれらの気団がせめぎ合う。
- When the season changes from spring to summer in East Asia, those air masses with different nature struggle with each other.
- この際、大字御室として存続していた区域は、御室住吉山町及び御室双岡町となった。
- At this time, the district of Oaza Omuro was reorganized as Omuro Sumiyoshiyama-cho and Omuro Narabigaoka-cho.
- 出発の際には、皇居から横浜港まで、小旗を持った100万人もの人が見送ったと言う。
- When the Crown Prince left Japan, as many as one million people reportedly saw him off waving a small flag on the route from the Imperial Palace to the Yokohama Port.
- 長禄の変の際には八尺瓊勾玉を奪還して、奥吉野十津川において帝に奉じられたと言う。
- When the Choroku Conspiracy took place, he recaptured Yasakani no magatama (comma-shaped jewel) and presented it to the emperor at Okuyoshino Totsukawa River.
- 竪三引両 奥州藤原氏討伐の際の1189年(文治5年)、朝宗が源頼朝より拝領した。
- Tate Mitsuhiki-ryo: in 1189, when Oshu Fujiwara clan was subjugated, the crest was given to Tomomune DATE by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
- また、天智天皇崩御後に、実際に倭姫王による即位または称制があったとする説もある。
- One theory has it that Yamatohime no Okimi in fact ascended the throne or undertook shosei (ruling without official accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne) after the Emperor Tenchi died.
- 天皇の行幸の際には、特別な飾り付けがされ、見るものを圧倒させるほどだったという。
- When the Emperor performed gyoko (imperial visit), special ornaments were displayed to the extent that it would awe on-lookers.
- そして、国際的地位を確保していく中で日本統治時代 (台湾)や韓国併合を行なった。
- Then, acquiring an international position, Japan ruled Taiwan and annexed Korea.
- (実際に鷲尾家は隆康の代で断絶して江戸時代初期になってようやく再興されている)。
- (In fact, the Washio family was extinguished during Takayasu's generation and reemerged only at the beginning of the Edo Period.)
- しかし、実際の文書類においては公家・武家ともに目代と眼代の両方が用いられている。
- However, both mokudai and gandai were used by court nobles and the samurai in actual documents.
- 797年(延暦16年)頃に国司交替の際に行政実績を監査する勘解由使が設置された。
- Around 797, kageyushi was introduced to audit results of the administration when a kokushi (provincial governor) was to be replaced.
- そして、実際に任国へ赴任した国司のうち、最高責任者を受領と呼ぶようになっていた。
- Then, the head of kokushi who actually moved to their assigned province became called zuryo.
- これを受けて吉田寮では、受諾の可否とその際の交渉条件について昼夜議論がなされた。
- Yoshida dormitory's residents discussed day and night about the pros and cons of the proposal as well as the conditions of the negotiation.
- いざ凶党追捕の際には、国司は武士交名を元にこれらの者を軍事力として編成していた。
- When it was necessary to hunt down and catch outlaws, provincial governors formed forces by referring to the samurai list.
- なお奥州藤原氏が実際に藤原氏の係累であるかについては長年疑問符がつけられていた。
- The question whether the Oshu Fujiwara clan was actually related to the Fujiwara clan had not been settled for a long time.
- 入山せずに参拝する際には、大神神社の拝殿から三輪山を仰ぎ拝むといった手法をとる。
- To visit Mt. Miwa without climbing, viewing and worshipping it out of Haiden (a hall of worship) of Omiwa-jinja Shrine is possible.
- その際システムの担当者は、20数年後に生じるであろう2000年問題を予測していた。
- At that time, the man in charge of the system was anticipating the Year 2000 problem, which might happen 20 some years later.
- 元は渡来人系の一族であるが、実際には百済系の一族と漢族系の一族の2系統が存在する。
- This clan is descended from toraijin (people from overseas, especially from China and Korea, who settled in early Japan and introduced Continental culture to the Japanese) with two distinct lineages, one from Kudara (Baekje) and the other of Han race from China.
- 日本の冠(かんむり)は、公家や武家の成人が宮中へ参内などの際に頭に着用する被り物。
- Japanese Court caps are headgear for Court nobles and adult samurai to wear when they visit the Imperial Palace.
- また、壬申の乱の際に天武天皇が神武陵に使者を送って挙兵を報告したと言う記事がある。
- There is also an article that Emperor Temmu dispatched an envoy to the Mausoleum of Emperor Jimmu to report raising an army at the time of Jinshin War.
- 文応元年(1260年)11月、大嘗祭の際に亀山天皇の女御代を務め、翌12月に入内。
- In December 1260, she served as nyogo-dai (court lady who acted for nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court - a consort of an emperor)) in Daijosai (first ceremonial offering of rice by newly-enthroned Emperor), and entered into court in January 1261, the following month.
- 天平20年(748年)4月21日 元正上皇崩御の際、山作司となる(陵墓造営取締官)
- May 26, 748: Became Yamatsukuri no Tsukasa (official in charge of erecting the mausoleum) at the time of the Retired Empress Gensho's death.
- 清氏ははじめ光遠親王といい、宗像神社宮司に就任した際に宗形清氏と改名したとされる。
- Kiyouji was initially called Imperial Prince Koen and he renamed himself MUNAKATA no Kiyouji when he assumed the position of the chief priest of Munakata-taisha Shrine.
- これは奈良時代以来、廃太子の際には何らかの容疑が付けられていることからも示される。
- This theory is also supported by the fact that some suspicions were thrown on the crown princes whenever they were expelled after the Nara period.
- 実際にはこうした刻面は本物の中国銭であっても全く信用されなかったことを示している。
- This fact indicates that no credibility was given to such facets, even if these facets were those belonging to genuine Chinese coins.
- なお、任官されながら実際に任国に赴かず官職に伴う給付だけを受ける国司を遥任と呼ぶ。
- A 'yonin' was a kokushi (provincial governor) who received all the benefits as the governmental officer without having ever gone to the place of appointment.
- また、元弘の乱(1331年)の際に後醍醐天皇の行在所となった笠置寺が笠置町にある。
- Additionally, Kasagi-cho has the Kasagi-dera Temple, which was designated as the anzaisho (a temporary palace) of Emperor Godaigo during the Genko no Ran (Genko Rebellion) in 1331.
- 京北地区の歴史としては、平安京造営の際に木材を献上した山国郷が歴史上最初に現れる。
- Yamaguni-go was first seen in the history of Keihoku as a donor of wood for constructing Heian-kyo.
- 明治元年(1868年)、京都府設置に際し、伏見地区は1番組〜17番組に編成された。
- At the time of establishment of Kyoto Prefecture in 1868, Fushimi district was organized into bangumi (town unit) Nos. 1 to 17.
- また、実際にはトマトペーストではなく、トマトソースを使うレシピも広く知られている。
- Actually, the recipe using tomato sauce instead of tomato paste is well-known.
- が、何れにしても、乎非王が実際に応神に連なる血統の王族であったかどうかの確証はない。
- Whether or not it is true in each case, there is no confirmed evidence to support Prince Oi as a royal family with a lineage line to Ojin.
- 天平勝宝7年(755年)聖武上皇の病気に際して酒の席で不敬の言があったと讒言された。
- He slandered Moroe for using profane language at a drinking party, concerning the sickness of the Retired Emperor Shomu, in 755.
- 沖縄行幸は昭和天皇の悲願であったようであり、晩年の病に際しそのことに触れられている。
- It seemed that the visit to Okinawa was Emperor Showa's dearest wish, and was mentioned during his illness in his later years.
- 片仮名は漢字の一部に由来し(例:伊→イ)、漢文を訓読する際の補助文字として使われた。
- Katakana has been designed from a parts of Kanji characters (example: イ from 伊) and was used as a sub character for reading a text written in China in a Japanese manner.
- 淳和の即位に際しては嵯峨と皇后橘嘉智子との間に生まれた皇子正良が皇太子に立てられた。
- Upon the ascension of Junna, the prince Masara, who was born between Saga and Empress TACHIBANA no Kachiko, became Crown Prince.
- なお、この際にも対馬藩側は李氏朝鮮に対して中国産の木綿を輸出を依頼し、成功している。
- In this case, the Tsushima Domain successfully requested Yi Dynasty Korea to export China-made cotton.
- 1596年 慶長大地震(実際は文禄年間)、伏見城全壊するもすぐさま再建(木幡山城)。
- 1596: The 'Keicho no ojishin' (the big earthquake in the Keicho era) (in fact occurred in the Bunroku era), demolishing Fushimi-jo Castle, but the castle was rebuilt immediately (Kobatayama-jo Castle (木幡山城)).
- その際、入植者たちは、小辺路を経て高野山から神戸市へ向かい、北海道へ海路をたどった。
- At that time, those people walked Kohechi from Mt. Koya to go down to Kobe City, and from Kobe they went to Hokkaido by ship.
- この際、「南禅寺」として存続していた区域は南禅寺南禅寺山町、南禅寺風呂山町となった。
- Simultaneously, the area which survived as 'Nanzenji' was divided into Nanzenji Nanzenjisan-cho and Nanzenji Furoya-cho.
- 明治22年から昭和4年までは伏見町大字景勝で、昭和4年の伏見市成立に際し8町に分割。
- It was Oaza Kagekatsu, Fushimi town from 1889 to 1929 and was divided into eight towns when Fushimi City was established.
- 軽井沢までドライブした際には護衛としてパトロールカーに乗車した日本の警察官が随伴した。
- When he went for a drive to Karuizawa, he was attended by Japanese police officers getting on patrol cars.
- 観応の擾乱に際して、範国の嫡男今川範氏は足利尊氏方に属して功を立て、駿河守護職を継承。
- At the time of Kanno Disturbance, Noriuji IMAGAWA, a legitimate son of Norikuni, sided with Takauji ASHIKAGA, distinguished himself on the fields of battles and succeeded to the military governor of Suruga.
- そのため禁門の変が発生した際、熾仁親王は佐幕派から真っ先に長州藩との関係を糾弾された。
- Therefore, when the Kinmon Incident happened, he was condemned by the Shogun's supporters because of his relationship with the Choshu Domain.
- しかし、それらを実際に支えていたのは現地で人民支配・租税収取にあたる地方行政であった。
- In reality, however, this system was supported by local administrative bodies which were in charge of ruling people/collecting tax in each region.
- 交替式(こうたいしき)は、日本の律令官吏が交替する際の事務引継ぎに関する法規集である。
- Kotaishiki indicates the laws concerns the replacement of a government officer with a new officer under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code) in Japan, matters necessary for continuing the duties of the office and how they should be handed over to the successor.
- 解由状(げゆじょう)は、古代日本の律令制における、官人交替の際の事務引継ぎ文書である。
- A geyujo is a document that, when an officer in a position is replaced with another person under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code) in ancient Japan, was issued confirming the change necessary for continuing office duties.
- その際、現在の東舞鶴駅前にあたる浜地区は、京都市に倣って碁盤目の道路網を形成している。
- When Hama area covering the area in front of Higashi-Maizuru Station was developed, a road system was laid out in a grid pattern following Kyoto City.
- 1994年:「古都京都の文化財」が国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界文化遺産に登録される。
- 1994: 'Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto' was listed as a world heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- 明治の開国を通じ神戸が国際貿易港として発展し、大阪・京都も都市の近代化が進んでいった。
- After the opening of Japan to the world in the Meiji era, Kobe had been developed as an international trade port and modernization of the cities in Osaka and Kyoto had also advanced.
- この際、「大字鷹峯」として存続していた区域は鷹峯上賀茂逆二ツ岩町、鷹峯大日町となった。
- At the same time the area which survived as 'Oaza Takagamine' was divided into Takagamine Kamigamo Sakasafutatsuishi-cho and Takagamine Dainichi-cho.
- 平成3年(1991年)、雲仙岳噴火の際には、島原市からの避難民を床に膝を着いて見舞った。
- When Mt. Unzen erupted in 1991, he visited shelters to console evacuees from Shimabara City, with his knees on the floor of the shelters.
- 昭和天皇崩御の際、テレビ朝日の『朝まで生テレビ!』で天皇制の是非について取り上げられた。
- When the Emperor Showa passed away, there was a discussion whether the Tennosei should be continued or not on a TV program called 'Asamade Nama TV' of TV Asahi Corporation.
- 672年の壬申の乱の際には当摩広島が吉備国守として同国を統治していたことが書紀に見える。
- The 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) tells that TAIMA no Hiroshima ruled Kibi Province as the governor during the Jinshin War in 672.
- 応仁の乱の際にいち早く斯波氏が守護職をつとめる越前で下克上が発生するのはそのためである。
- When the Onin War started, the above situation resulted in Gekokujo (revolt of vassals against their lords) which quickly began in Echizen Province where the Shiba clan was serving as Shugoshiki.
- 真仁法親王は円山応挙、呉春らを引き立てたことでも知られ、複数の民間歌人とも交際があった。
- Imperial Prince Masahito was known to support Okyo MARUYAMA and Goshun, and he associated with a various private poets.
- 実際の運営は諸官庁の長官を世襲していた公家に任され、更に代官を任じてこれを請け負わせた。
- The actual operation was entrusted to nobles that worked as administrators of inherited government offices, and further undertaken by locally assigned magistrates.
- 細川忠興が小倉藩主となった際に、家臣となった朝鮮人陶工に命じて焼かせたものが発祥とする。
- It originated with the pottery made by Korean potters who became vassals of Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, when the latter became the daimyo of the Kokura clan.
- そうなると、国司が任国へ赴任する必要が薄れて、実際に任国へ赴任しない国司が次々と現れた。
- Then the necessity of his moving to the assigned province became weak, and there appeared many kokushi, one after another, who did not actually move to their assigned provinces actually.
- また、黄砂の濃度などの情報は、数年前まで国際的なデータの融通が利かない状態が続いていた。
- The data concerned, for example, about kosa densities, had not easily been exchanged internationally until several years ago.
- 上記の蛤御門は、元々開かずの扉であったが、1788年の天明の大火の際に初めて開門された。
- The above Hamaguri-gomon Gate was originally unopened, but, was opened for the first time when the Great Fire of Tenmei occurred in 1788.
- 今川義元が尾張国の織田信長に敗れた桶狭間の戦いの際に井伊直盛は今川氏に従い討ち死にした。
- When Yoshimoto IMAGAWA was defeated by Nobunaga ODA of Owari Province in the Battle of Okehazama, Naomori II followed the Imagawa clan side and was killed in the battle.
- 公式には病死と伝えられているが、実際は逃亡の時に危害を加えられた結果であった可能性が高い。
- Officially it is said that Emperor Junnin was died of sickness; actually, however, it is highly possible that he was died of wounds received when he escaped.
- 学習院初等科入学に際し、おかっぱに伸ばしていた髪を無断で刈られ数日間ふさぎこんでしまった。
- When he had his bobbed hair trimmed without notice to enter Gakushuin Primary School, he was shocked so deeply that he fell into a melancholy mood for several days.
- 実際の建国は1000年後と思われるが、この日付は日本人に自国の建国日として受けとめられた。
- Japan was actually founded about 1,000 years after the legendary foundation day, but still Japanese people accepted the day written on the Nihonshoki as the actual foundation day of Japan.
- 都大路に並木を造る際に、貧しい人が飢えないようモモとナシの木を選んで植させたと伝えられる。
- It is said that when boulevard trees were planted along the main thoroughfare of the metropolis, peach and nashi (Japanese pear) trees were planted so that the poor would not starve.
- 政賢は永正の錯乱に際しては、細川澄元に与して細川高国と対立したが、船岡山の戦いで戦死する。
- Masataka opposed Takakuni HOSOKAWA by following Sumimoto HOSOKAWA in the Eisho Disturbance, but he died in the Battle of Funaokayama.
- 塩や鰒(アワビ)、海草などの海産物は、神事の際などに貢がれる神饌として古くから用いられた。
- Marine products such as; salt, abalone, and seaweed were used as shinsen (food and alcohol offering to the gods) at a Shinto ritual.
- 実際に福井県の膳部山は膳氏の名前が由来であると言われ、膳部山周囲に多数の前方後円墳が残る。
- It is said that the name of Mt. Zenbu (膳部山) in Fukui Prefecture came from the name of the Kashiwade clan (膳氏) (both have the same kanji character, 膳, with different readings), and many large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds remain around Mt. Zenbu.
- これが後に対外的危機の際には必ず引用されて神国思想を高揚させる一因となったと言われている。
- It is said that this incident was always quoted when confronting cases of crisis against other countries and this was the reason the belief of the Shinkoku was established in Japan.
- 後の明治天皇は即位に際して使者を讃岐に送り、崇徳の霊を京都へ帰還させて白峯神宮を創建した。
- In later years Emperor Meiji built Shiromine-jingu Shrine after sending his emissary to Sanuki and allowed Sutoku's spirit to return to Kyoto.
- また、治承三年の政変の際に平清盛の命令によって後白河天皇が幽閉されたことでも知られている。
- Toba is also known as the place where Emperor Goshirakawa was confined by on orders of TAIRA no Kiyomori after the coup of 1179.
- 幕府においては、年始及び征夷大将軍就任時に初めて評定衆を集めて開く評定の際に行われていた。
- Hyojohajime of the bakufu was conducted at the New Year and at the first consultation that convened hyojoshu (the members of the Council of State) after a seii taishogun (lieterally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') assumed the post.
- 東京再幸の反対運動の騒動の際には、ときの情勢に乗じて名古屋遷都を画策するものまで現われた。
- There were also plans made for the transfer of the capital to Nagoya during these situations when there was turmoil from the opposition against visiting Tokyo.
- 四大節祝賀式典の際には、職員生徒全員で御真影に対しての最敬礼と教育勅語の奉読が求められた。
- In the four major festivals, all school staff and students were obliged to make a deep bow and read the Imperial Rescript on Education with respect.
- 貿易の際に、許可証である勘合符を使用することから勘合貿易(かんごうぼうえき)とも呼ばれる。
- Japan-Ming trade was also called the tally trade, because Kangofu (certificate to show that the ship is lawfully registered by Ming) was used in the trade.
- 名前の由来どおりならば、同量ずつ混ぜる事になるが、実際にはそのように調合されることはない。
- The name is derived from mixing equal amounts of those seasonings, but in fact it is never made like that.
- この前年に、日本は主権を回復しており、明仁親王の訪欧は国際社会への復帰の第一歩と期待された。
- As Japan had restored sovereignty in the previous year, the Crown Prince Akihito's visit to Europe was expected to be the first step for Japan to come back to the international society.
- 穴穂部間人皇女は蘇我氏と物部氏との争乱を避けて丹後に身を寄せ、都に戻る際に自分の名を贈った。
- Anahobe no hashihito no himemiko moved to Tango in order to flee the conflict between the SOGA and the Mononobe clans, and when she returned to the capital, she allowed to use her name as a place-name.
- 毎年3月3日の桃の節句の折には勢津子が実家からお輿入れした際持ち込んだ雛人形を宮邸に飾った。
- On the Peach Festival (also known as the Girls' Festival) celebrated every year on March 3, Setsuko displayed the hina dolls (dolls displayed at the Girls' Festival), which she brought with her from her family home when she married into the Imperial family, in the Imperial Palace.
- なおこの際『万葉集』卷1に吹芡刀自(ふふきのとじ:侍女と思われる)が十市の歌を作ったとある。
- Furthermore, Fufuki no Toji (who is thought to have been a lady's maid) is referred to in 'Manyoshu' Book One as having written a poem for Tochi at that time.
- 慶長20年(1615年)の大坂の役の際に、秀頼と国松は死亡し、大名家としての羽柴直系は断絶。
- Due to the death of Hideyori and Kunimatsu in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka) in 1615, the direct line of the Hashiba family as Daimyo family was extinguished.
- 応仁の乱の際、但馬国より出撃した山名氏方の将・太田垣氏と丹波諸豪を従え夜久野で交戦している。
- In the Onin War, the Naito clan, accompanied by other local ruling families of Tanba, fought at Yakuno with the generals of the Otagaki clan which had supported the Yamana clan from Tajima Province.
- 実際に陰謀計画が進行していたかは定かでないが、院と平氏の対立が激しくなっていたことを物語る。
- It is uncertain whether the conspiracy in fact proceeded any further or not, however it showed that the opposition between In government and the Taira clan became serious.
- 長禄・寛正の飢饉に際しては、将軍足利義政に対して、漢詩を以って諌めたとするエピソードもある。
- There was an episode where the Emperor sent a Chinese poem to Shogun, Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA to admonish him when the Choroku, Kansho Famine occurred.
- 家茂が長州征討の為に上洛の際、凱旋の土産は何がよいかと問われた和宮は西陣織を所望したという。
- When Iemochi left for Kyoto to subjugate the Choshu Domain, he asked Kazunomiya what she would like as a souvenir on his triumphant return and Kazunomiya asked him to get her a Nishijin Brocade.
- 内裏の焼亡・修復の際の天皇の仮御所としても利用され、村上天皇・後冷泉天皇の里内裏にもなった。
- It was used for a temporary Imperial Palace when Dairi (Imperial Palace) was burn out and restored, as well as for Satodairi (a temporary palace) for Emperor Murakami and Emperor Goreizei.
- この際、天皇より3歳年長であることを忌避して、公式には嘉永3年(1850年)の出生とされた。
- On this occasion, to avoid the fact that Shoken was three years older than the Emperor, her birth year was officially announced as1850.
- 実際には、後宇多の申し入れにより翌文保2年(1318年)、後宇多院政の下、後醍醐が即位する。
- In fact, under Retired Emperor Gouda's rule, Godaigo took over the throne in 1318 by the offer from Gouda.
- 延長7年(929年)10月、彼の四十の算賀に際して妻の修子内親王は紀貫之に屏風歌を作らせた。
- In November 929, at his longevity celebration (on one's fortieth birthday), his wife Imperial Princess Shushi made KI no Tsurayuki write a poem on folding screen.
- この際に参加出来たのは公卿全般ではなく、上皇・法皇が認めた特定の公卿並びに院近臣達であった。
- Not all court nobles were allowed to join the decision-making processes, and only specific court nobles and In no Kinshin (the retired Emperor's courtier) could join.
- 年長の為平親王が東宮となることが当然視されていたが、実際に東宮になったのは守平親王であった。
- Imperial Prince Tamehira, who was the oldest, was assumed to become the Crown Prince, but in fact, Imperial Prince Morihira became the Crown Prince.
- 裁判に際して適用された本所法は、律令の系統を引く公家法や現地の慣習法などから成り立っていた。
- The honjo law, which was the applicable law in such cases, consisted of court noble law, descendant from the Ritsuryo codes, local common law, and other laws.
- そのため、銅銭の実際の価値が公定の価格以上に上昇して経済的に大きな影響を与えるようになった。
- Thus, the actual value of the copper coin became higher than the official value and it had a major impact on the economy.
- 当村の庄屋末裔の屋敷には大塩平八郎の乱で、平八郎を幕府が手配した際に出した文書が残っている。
- In the shoya (village headman) residence in this village, there still remains a document in the Oshio Heihachiro-no-ran (the rebellion of Oshio Heihachiro), which was issued and distributed by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to arrest him.
- 三代水野守隆は本能寺の変の際に明智方とみられ、のち隠遁、慶長3年(1598年)京都で没した。
- The third, Moritaka MIZUNO, is thought to have been on Akechi's side during the Honnoji Incident and died in 1598 in Kyoto after retirement.
- 実際は包囲は十分でなく、織田長益など逃げおおせており、歴史を変えるほどの判断の誤りであった。
- In reality, however, as encirclement was not sufficient and, for example, Nagamasu ODA succeeded to escape, Nobutada's judgment was a big mistake that could change the history.
- 大字髭茶屋に属する小字は2つのみで、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、2町に編成された。
- There were only two Aza in Oaza Higechaya, which were reorganized into the two towns when it was integrated into the Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- この際、梅雨入り、梅雨明けの期日の修正が行われたり、「特定せず」という表現になることがある。
- On this occasion, the date of tsuyuiri or tsuyuake may be amended or an expression 'not identified' may be given.
- 御朱印の起源には諸説あるが、元々は寺社に写経を納めた際の受付印であったとする説が有力である。
- Although there are many theories about the origin of goshuin, the most powerful theory is that it was used as a seal of reception when sutra copies were submitted to temples.
- よって通常上方落語で「前座」などの言葉を用いる際は、出番を表す言葉として使われることが多い。
- When the term 'zenza' (warm-up) is used in Kamigata rakugo it therefore mostly designates the order of appearance.
- タイではこのティラピアを大いに繁殖させて、バングラデシュの食糧危機に際して50万匹を寄贈した。
- Thailand succeeded in breeding the tilapia so much that the country donated as many as 500,000 tilapias to Bangladesh having brought to a food crisis.
- 二・二六事件の際は昭和天皇が激怒し、「自ら鎮圧に行く」とまで主張したため、反乱軍は鎮圧された。
- When the February 26th Incident occurred, because the Emperor Showa got enraged and insisted on going there himself to settle the situation, the rebels were subdued.
- 『扶桑略記』『水鏡』『宇治拾遺物語』ではこの際彼女が父である大海人皇子に情報を流したとされる。
- According to 'Fuso Ryakki' (A Brief History of Japan), 'Mizu Kagami (The Water Mirror)' and 'Uji Shui Monogatari' (a collection of the Tales from Uji), she is considered to have released information at that time to Prince Oama (Oama no Miko), her father.
- 不破内親王がらい病を患ってしまった際、夢の中に現れた薬師如来のお告げにより、下総国へ出向いた。
- When Imperial Princess Fuwa suffered from leprosy, she had a revelation from Yakushi Nyorai (the Healing Buddha) in her dream and went to Shimousa Province.
- 1246年、経時が嗣子無くして没した際、時頼の得宗家家督、執権職就任は就任寄合で決定している。
- In 1246, when Tsunetoki died without a heir, the decision was taken at a meeting to choose his successor that Tokiyori would assume the reins of the Tokuso family and the regent post.
- 国定の4人の子が小谷落城の際に織田軍と交戦・戦死しているので、年齢的には久政に近いのであろう。
- According to the fact that Kunisada's four children died fighting against the Oda army, when Odani-jo Castle was defeated, he was probably about the same age as Hisamasa.
- そこで延久4年(1072年)に白河天皇即位の際に実仁親王はわずか2歳で皇太弟として立てられた。
- During the enthronement of Emperor Shirakawa in 1072, Imperial Prince Sanehito was addressed the younger brother of Emperor Shirakawa who was heir apparent, only at age two.
- 例外は若狭武田氏末裔を名乗る(実際は商人出身か?)蠣崎氏で、津軽海峡沿いの中小豪族を統一した。
- An exception was the Kakizaki clan, which announced themselves as the descendants of the Wakasa Takeda clan (in reality, from a merchant?), and it unified small and middle-sized gozoku in the area along the Tsugaru Straits.
- 明治5年5月(1872年6月) - 天皇が京都に立ち寄る際、「還幸」ではなく「行幸」とされる。
- June 1872: When the emperor stopped in Kyoto he was viewed as that he was visiting Kyoto and not returning home.
- 実際には能島・因島村上水軍は本合戦に間に合わず、乃美・児玉水軍が功に焦って大敗したと思われる。
- Actually, it is considered that the Murakami navy of Noshima and Innoshima were too late for the battle and the Nomi navy and the Kodama navy made a decision in haste out of the wish be rewarded with merits, and suffered a major defeat.
- しかし、この検地も実際に豊臣氏の家臣が直接行ったものではなく、多くは大名の自己申告制であった。
- Yet in most cases it was not Hideyoshi's own retainers who were personally conducting the survey, but rather was simply a system of personal reports by the various daimyo of the results of their own individual surveys.
- 後に行政からも花街として公認されることになったが、この際に団子をモチーフにした紋章が作られた。
- Subsequently, it received official approval for the hanamachi, and the emblem featuring a dumpling cake was created.
- それゆえ現在も、町の大半が江戸時代の姿を残しており、大部分は実際に住居としても使用されている。
- Therefore, much of the town still remains as it was in the Edo period, and most of the houses are being used for actual dwelling.
- 現在は年間を通して新旧の行事で賑い、国際観光文化都市として国内外から多数の観光客が訪れている。
- Today, the city is vibrant throughout the year with old and new events, and attracts many tourists from Japan and abroad as an international tourist and cultural city.
- これら263町の中には、複数の町組に重複して属するものもあり、実際の町数はこれより若干少ない。
- Some of these 263 towns belonged to more than one Machigumi and so the real number of towns were a little smaller than 263.
- 現在では、元号法により天皇の皇位を継承する際にのみ改めることが定められている(一世一元の制)。
- Currently, the Era Name Law stipulates that gengo can be changed only when a heir apparent becomes emperor (the One Era for One Emperor system).
- 佐々成政が考案したという記録が残っているが、実際に採用されていたのか、上記の議論上問題がある。
- There remains a record that it was contrived by Narimasa SASSA, but it is not sure these positions were really used and were doubtful as mentioned above.
- 1966年には『甲府市史』の編纂に際して『甲府市史史料目録』に「甲斐武田氏文書目録」が含まれた。
- When 'The History of Kofu City' was compiled in 1966, 'Kai-Takeda-shi bunshomokuroku' (list of documents about Kai-Takeda clan) was included in 'Kofu-shi shiryoumokuroku' (list of historical materials in the history of Kofu City).
- 幼い頃、平知盛に育てられていた関係で、平家が都落ちをした際に皇太子に擬されて、西国に連行される。
- Since he was brought up by TAIRA no Tomomori when he was small, he was an imitation Crown Prince and was taken to the western part of Japan (Chugoku, Shikoku, Kinki area) after the Taira clan escaped from the city.
- この際、即位の礼に関わる儀式が国の行事とされたのに対し、大嘗祭に関わる儀式は皇室の行事とされた。
- At that time, the rituals related to the Sokui no rei were considered a national event, and the rituals related to the Onie no matsuri Festival was treated as an event of the Imperial family.
- なお、665年の遣唐使は、白村江の戦いの後に唐から倭国に来た使節が、唐に帰る際の送唐客使である。
- Note that the mission to Tang China in 665 was a mission to send back to Tang the mission sent to Japan after the Battle of Baekgang.
- 一方、後者は、治承三年の政変の際に平氏勢力が従来の国家機構の支配権を掌握したことを重視している。
- On the other hand, the second hypothesis emphasizes the fact that the Taira forces grabbed hold of the control of conventional national organizations upon the coup d'etat in 1179.
- また、基実が死去した際、清盛は摂関家が蓄積してきた荘園群を基実の正室盛子=清盛の娘に伝領させた。
- In addition, when Motozane died, Kiyomori had all of the shoen groups accumulated by the line of regents inherited by Motozane's official wife, Moriko, Kiyomori's daughter.
- 更に実際に鎮圧にあたった守護大名配下の武士の中にも長年の京都滞在に伴い生活が逼迫するものがいた。
- Besides, some of the samurai who were under the command of shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lords as provincial constables) and actually suppressed uprisings fell into financial difficulty due to their longtime stay in Kyoto.
- また彼らは受領として地方に赴任した際には、在地の有力者たちとの関係を更に深めるのが通例であった。
- Also, it was military aristocrats' custom that when they were transferred to local areas as zuryo they reinforced their relationship with locally powerful individuals.
- (至国際会館駅)←九条駅 (京都府) - 十条駅 (京都市営地下鉄) →(至竹田駅 (京都府))
- (from/to Kokusai-Kaikan Station)- Kujo Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Jujo Station (Kyoto Municipal Subway) - (from/to Takeda Station (Kyoto Prefecture))
- (至国際会館駅) ← 丸太町駅 (京都市営地下鉄) - 烏丸御池駅 → (至竹田駅 (京都府))
- (from/to Kokusai Kaikan Station) Marutamachi Station, Karasuma Miike Station (from/to Takeda Station)
- また明治維新の際には時代祭行列で知られる山国隊が当地の農民により編成され、官軍に参加し活躍した。
- Also Yamaguni-tai, which is now famous for its Jidai Matsuri Parade, was formed by local farmers to participate in the imperial army and played an active role in the Meiji Restoration.
- (至竹田駅 (京都府))← 鞍馬口駅※ - 北大路駅 - 北山駅 (京都府) →(至国際会館駅)
- (from/to Takeda Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Kuramaguchi Station [*] - Kitaoji Station - Kitayama Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - (from/to Kokusai Kaikan Station)
- 11月21日 - 最後の協議会に当たる第12回合併協議会が園部町の園部国際交流会館で開催される。
- November 21: Held the twelfth Council Meeting on Merger equivalent to the final council meeting at the Sonobe International Community House in Sonobe-cho
- 正徳 (日本)1年(1711年)に2代肥前守忠位が大坂定番に就任した際に加増されて大名に列した。
- In 1711 when the second generation of this family, Tadatsura, Hizen no kami (Governor of Hizen Province), became the Guards of Osaka-jo Castle, he was promoted to the level of daimyo.
- すなわち、紀伊半島の中央部は、際立った高山こそないものの、どこまでも続く山々と谷に覆われている。
- The central part of Kii Peninsula has no visibly high mountains, but is covered in endlessly extending mountains and valleys.
- 7桁化に際して普通郵便局が四日市西郵便局から奈良中央郵便局へ移管され奈良県側の630~となった。
- Before zip code was changed to be a 7-digit number, its common post office was transferred from Yokkaichi-Nishi Post Office to Nara Central Post Office, and its zip code turned out to be the number that begins with 630, which indicates it belongs to Nara Prefecture.
- 平氏(へいし、たいらうじ)は、皇族が臣下に下る際に賜るカバネの一つ、「平朝臣」を姓とする臣籍降下。
- The family name of the Taira clan was derived from 'TAIRA no Ason,' which was one of the official titles given to a member of the Imperial Family if they became vassals.
- ただし、改易に際して信包の四男織田信当は幕府から3000石を与えられて、旗本として召し抱えられた。
- At the time of dismissal and deprivation of the position, Nobumasa ODA, the fourth son of Nobukane, was given 3000 koku and employed as hatamoto by the bakufu.
- 748年4月22日の元正天皇崩御、756年5月3日の聖武天皇崩御に際しては装束司に任命されている。
- He was appointed to shozokushi (an official who handled important rituals) on the deaths of the Empress Gensho on April 22, 748 and the Emperor Shomu on May 3, 756.
- 日本書紀垂仁天皇三十二年七月の条によれば、日酢葉媛命が崩御した後の葬儀の際、天皇が群卿にと問うた。
- According to the article of the seventh month of the 32nd year of Emperor Suinin's reign of the Nihonshoki, after Hibasuhime no mikoto's death, the Emperor inquired of maetsukimitachi (court nobles and ruling lords) about the next thing during her funeral.
- 王は弾正尹を務めた後、740年藤原広嗣の乱勃発に際し、伊勢神宮に奉幣の為、治部卿として派遣される。
- After he served as danjoin (President of the Board of Censors), he was dispatched as jibukyo (Minister of the Ministry of Civil Administration) to offer a wand of hemp and paper streamers to Ise-jingu Shrine at the outbreak of the Rebellion of FUJIWARA no Hirotsugu in 740.
- 昭和天皇がオランダに訪問した際に、一部の人々から抗議活動として火炎瓶等を投げつけられる事があった。
- There was a time when Emperor Showa visited the Netherlands, where Molotov cocktails were thrown, etc. by some of people as a protest.
- これは本来、嫡子がおらず庶子の中から後継者を選ぶ際には母親の出自の高い方を選ぶという意味であった。
- Its original meaning was that, if there is no legitimate child and a successor should be selected from among children born out of wedlock, the one born from a mother from the highest ranked origin should be selected.
- 薬子の変で父が出家して兄・高岳親王が廃太子された際には、まだ幼少であったらしく処罰を受けていない。
- When Imperial Prince Kose's father entered into the priesthood and elder brother Imperial Prince Takaoka disinherited the imperial prince after the Kusuko Incident, he was so young that he was not brought to justice.
- 明徳3年(1392年)に足利義満がまとめた南北朝合一に際しても、両統迭立の理念が再度持ち出された。
- The concept of Ryoto tetsuritsu was again brought up upon the union of Northern and Southern Dynasties that Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA concluded in 1392.
- 小森家は六位蔵人を兼ねたため、典薬頭であっても実際の天皇の拝診には携わらない事務職的存在となった。
- But because the Komori family at that time were only Rokui no Kurodo (Chamberlain of Sixth Rank), even as the Tenyaku no kami (the head of Tenyakuryo) they were too low-ranked to take part in the actual medical examinations given to the Emperor, meaning their job was limited to more clerical and administrative duties.
- 近衛の官人は巡回の際に自らの姓名を叫びながら見回りを行ったが、これを宿奏(とのいもうし)と称した。
- Kanjin (government officials) in Konoe-fu patrolled crying out their own names, and this was called Tonoi-moshi.
- その際、旧12の村はそのまま集落として引き継がれ、後に13番目の集落として古知谷が分離・成立した。
- At that time, the 12 former villages continued as settlements and Kochidani subsequently separated to form a 13th settlement.
- 実際、平成16年度のうどんの生産量でも1位は讃岐うどんで知られる香川県だが、2位は埼玉県であった。
- Actually, a rank list of regions with a large production of Udon noodles in fiscal 2004 shows that Kagawa Prefecture known for Sanuki Udon won first prize followed by Saitama Prefecture.
- 手延べした後で、竹などに掛けて干すものは、製品にする際に竹に掛けた時の曲線部分が副産物として残る。
- If hand-stretched dough is dried by hanging on bamboo, the curved parts made by the impression of the bamboo remain as a by-product.
- 国際連盟の事務局長の職にあったとき、日本国外の公式の場で、紀元の正確さにはっきりと疑問を呈している。
- When he was the Secretary General of the League of Nations, he clearly mentioned in his public appearance abroad that he doubted the foundation year of Japan.
- 特に赤穂藩主浅野長矩が饗応役を務めた際に起こった刃傷事件(元禄赤穂事件)の時に江戸城に下向していた。
- Incidentally, he had come from Kyoto to Edo-jo Castle and was present during the Ako Incident, which was an act of bloodshed caused by Naganori ASANO, the lord of Ako in Harima Province, who served as an attendant at a reception for the shogun.
- 実際、義満の死後、太上天皇号が朝廷から贈られようとしている(義満の後継者足利義持がこれを辞退した)。
- In fact, after Yoshimitsu died, the Imperial Palace intended to bestow the title of retired emperor. (However Yoshimitsu's successor, Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA declined it.)
- 1989年(昭和64年)1月7日、昭和天皇崩御に際しては天皇崩御直後、皇居正殿松の間で執り行われた。
- When Emperor Showa died on January 7, 1989, the ceremony was held in the Main Hall of Matsu (Pine) of the Imperial Palace just after the Emperor died.
- 明和5年(1768年)の百回忌に際して名誉回復が図られて改めて無礙光院宮良純大和尚の諡号が贈られた。
- At the hundredth anniversary of his death in 1768, he was given the new posthumous Buddhist name of 'Mugekoingu Ryojun Daiosho' in order to restore his honor.
- 昭和天皇の大葬の礼の際には、世界の163か国の国家元首や首脳と17の国際機関の関係者が参列に訪れた。
- During the Imperial funeral of Emperor Showa, the heads and leaders of 163 countries of the world, and concerned people of 17 international organizations attended.
- 西征日記(せいせいにっき)は、文禄・慶長の役の際、小西行長軍に従軍した妙心寺の外交僧天荊の陣中日記。
- Seisei Nikki was a camp diary written by Tenkei, a diplomat priest of Myoshin-ji Temple, who accompanied Yukinaga KONISHI's army during the Bunroku-Keicho War.
- 江戸時代以前の大手メジャーは、政商として商圏を国際的に拡大し、多方面にわたる貿易に乗り出していった。
- The major sakaya having existed in the Edo period or before started expanding their business internationally as seisho, advancing into various trade fields.
- いずれにせよこの制度改定は、後述の正徳 (日本)度来日の際のような深刻な外交問題には発展しなかった。
- Anyway, this system change did not develop into a serious diplomatic problem as when Tsushinshi came to Japan in the Shotoku era (1711 - 1716), as described later.
- ただし、この際に道路整備が追い付かなかった事が、区内各所での渋滞が慢性化している原因にもなっている。
- However, the development of roads did not catch up with the development of housing lands, which may be the cause of chronic traffic congestion in many areas within the ward today.
- また、実際に1994年7月に原動機付自転車に乗った男性がこの付近の国道1号東山トンネルで事故死した。
- A man riding a moped in fact died from an accident in the nearby Higashiyama Tunnel of National Route 1 in July, 1994.
- 実際、政家によって近江八景が成立したとなると、室町時代に制作された近江八景図の遺例が存在してもよい。
- Actually, if Masaie had established Omihakkei, some historic evidence of Omihakkei drawings produced in the Muromachi period should have existed.
- 秀清は関ヶ原の戦いの際に細川ガラシャの介錯を務め殉死し、秀清の子孫は江戸時代には熊本藩の家老を務めた。
- At the Battle of Sekigahara, Hidekiyo supported suicide of Gracia HOSOKAWA and committed suicide following her, and the descendants of Hidekiyo served as chief retainer of Kumamoto Domain in the Edo period.
- その際、尊氏は、持明院統の光厳天皇を治天とし、その弟の光明天皇を即位させ、自らは征夷大将軍に就任する。
- At that time Takauji himself became Seii Taishogun, while he appointed Emperor Kogon, of the Jimyoin Imperial line, as Chiten, and also appointed his younger brother, Emperor Komyo as Emperor.
- 高倉天皇の第一皇子言仁親王(後の安徳天皇、後白河天皇の孫にあたる)誕生の際には出産の祈祷を行っている。
- He gave the invocation for delivery when the first prince of the Emperor Takakura, Imperial Prince Tokihito (latter day Emperor Antoku, the grand son of the Emperor Goshirakawa) was born.
- 天皇家及び宮家に子供が生まれた際に、天皇から子供の健やかな成長を願い子を守る目的の守り刀を授かる儀式。
- A ceremony in which the emperor gives a sword for protection to a child born to the Imperial Family or Miyake to protect the child in prayer for healthy growth.
- また、登下校時や単に前を通過する際にも、職員生徒全てが服装を正してから最敬礼するように定められていた。
- Moreover, they had to make a deep bow after straightening their clothes not only when they arrived at school and left school, but also whenever they passed in front of the portraits.
- その後、通信使は将軍の代替わりや世継ぎの誕生に際して、朝鮮側から祝賀使節として派遣されるようになった。
- After that, Tsushinshi were sent from the Korean side to pay homage to a new shogun or to cerebrate the birth of a heir to a shogun.
- さらに学生によるデモ行進のシーンもあるが、実際には戦前のこの時期に学生デモが認められることはなかった。
- There is a scene involving a demonstration march by students, but a student demonstration in this pre-war period would not have actually been allowed.
- なお、2003年9月の京阪本線ダイヤ改正に際して、八幡市長が京阪に対して樟葉駅への特急停車を要請した。
- For reference, the Mayor of Yawata City requested Keihan Electric Railway that special express trains stop at Kuzuha Station upon the timetable revision of September, 2003.
- 1989年4月 第三セクターによる中核研究所として株式会社国際電気通信基礎技術研究所(ATR)が開所。
- April, 1989: Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR) opened as a core research laboratory in a so-called third-sector system.
- 更にこのドッコイセというフレーズはとは福知山城築城の際、その石垣を運んだ際の掛け声が由来とされている。
- Additionally, it is said that the phrase of Dokkoise originated from calls in carrying stones for fences during the building of Fukuchiyama-jo Castle.
- 「秦氏本系帳」によると、これら堰堤完成の際に、それまでの葛野川から大堰川と呼ばれるようになったとある。
- According to the Hata-shi Honkei-cho (genealogy of the head clans), the name of the river changed to the Oi-gawa River from the Kadono-gawa River when the weirs were completed.
- 文久2年(1862年)、江戸幕府は征夷大将軍・徳川家茂の上洛に際して、将軍警護の名目で浪士を募集した。
- In 1862, upon the visit of Iemochi TOKUGAWA, Seii Taishogun, to Kyoto, the Edo shogunate recruited roshi for the purpose of guarding the Shogun.
- 川田梅ケ谷町の一部は、昭和51年の山科区分区の際、東山区側に残され、東山区今熊野梅ケ谷町となっている。
- Kawata Umegadani-Cho was partly left in Higashiyamaku Ward when Yamashinaku Ward separated in 1976, as Umegadani-Cho, Imagumano, Higashiyamaku Ward.
- 明治12年(1879年)、下京区設置の際、葛野郡八条村、西九条村、東塩小路村の各一部が区に編入された。
- In 1879, when Shimogyo Ward was established, parts of Hachijo village, Nishikujo village, and Higashi Shiokoji village in Kadono County were incorporated into Shimogyo Ward.
- 1998年に横浜フリューゲルスが消滅した際、選手6人・コーチ1人・スタッフ1人がサンガに移籍している。
- When Yokohama Flugels disappeared, six players, one coach and one other staff member transferred their registrations to Sanga.
- なお入内に際し、正室の近衛熈子が伯母にあたる縁から、江戸幕府第6代征夷大将軍徳川家宣の猶子となっている。
- When she got married, she became the adopted child of Ienobu TOKUGAWA, the sixth Seii taishogun (literally, 'great General who subdues the barbarians') of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), because his lawful wife Hiroko KONOE was Hisako's aunt.
- 昭和50年(1975年)、沖縄国際海洋博覧会に際し父も皇太子時代に訪問した沖縄県を立太子後はじめて訪問。
- When Okinawa Ocean Expo '75 was held in Okinawa Prefecture in 1975, he visited the prefecture for the first time after being installed as the Crown Prince, where his father (the Emperor Showa) had also visited in the Crown Prince Hirohito days.
- そのうちの4人はその後さらに皇太后に転じているが、その際はあらためて皇太后宮職が設置されて奉仕している。
- Four of them became Empress Dowagers later, and were served by Kotaigogushiki which was established for each of them.
- 29代嵯峨実勝の長女 嵯峨浩は中国清朝の皇帝愛新覚羅溥儀の皇弟愛新覚羅溥傑と日本国のために国際結婚した。
- Hiro SAGA, the oldest daughter of the twenty-nineth head of the Saga family Saneto SAGA, married Fuketsu AISHINKAKURA who was the brother of Emperor Fugi AISHINKAKURA of the Qing Dynasty for the good of Japan.
- 実際、八木の提唱した倍年説は、かなり彼の思想が深く、一般的な倍年説とも大きな隔たりがあるように思われる。
- In fact, Yagi's Double Year Theory contains a lot of his opinion and has a big difference from general Double Year Theory.
- なお、興基王が臣籍降下の際、興基王の王子の忠相王、敏相王、宜子女王(清和天皇女御)も同時に臣籍に入った。
- When Prince Okimoto was demoted from nobility to subject, his Prince, Prince Tadasuke, Prince Toshisuke and Princess Gishi (Yoshiko) (Emperor Seiwa's Nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court)) also were demoted from nobility to subject.
- 立太子から譲位する間際に病没し、その遺子である和仁親王(後陽成天皇)を正親町天皇は猶子として、譲位した。
- He died of illness while he was the official investiture of the Crown Prince and was waiting to succeed to the throne, his son, Imperial Prince Kazuhito (Emperor Goyozei) was adopted by Emperor Ogimachi and succeeded to the throne.
- 明確な記録は欠くものの、『日本後紀』の記述よりその際に親王宣下が行われて三品が与えられたと見られている。
- Although no reliable record has been found, 'Nihonkoki' (Later Chronicle of Japan) suggested that Prince Tsuneyo was given the title of Imperial Prince on this occasion and awarded the rank of Sanbon (the third rank of the Imperial Princess's ranks).
- しかし、『吾妻鏡』によれば、阿波重能は合戦後の捕虜に含まれており、このような内応は実際はなかったようだ。
- But according to the 'Azuma kagami,' Shigenori AWA numbered among the prisoners of war in the battle, and nothing at all is mentioned of any treachery by him.
- なお『平治物語』では、内裏を出る際に警護の武士が怪しんで中を覗くが、17歳の天皇を女房と見誤ったとする。
- And according to the 'Heiji monogatari,' as they left the palace grounds some of the guardsmen found them suspicious and searched the carriage, but mistook the seventeen-year-old Emperor for a lady in waiting.
- しかし実際には一般的な土倉の利息は6文子が平均相場であったとされ、法令もあまり守られなかったようである。
- However, the law was not strictly observed and a doso's average interest was six mon-ko (six mon of interest per month).
- 昭和40年代の宅地開発の際にやぐらが破壊され、「元弘三年五月廿八日」の銘のある五輪塔の一部が発見された。
- When housing lots were developed during the decade from 1965, the caves were destroyed and a part of a gorinto (a gravestone composed of five pieces piled up one upon another) was found, in which the date 'July 18, 1333' was inscribed.
- また、砂漠緑化や農業指導などは、日本など発生国以外の国も協力可能であり、実際に各地で活動が行われている。
- The nations where no kosa is produced, such as Japan, can also aid the activities to plant trees in deserts and to guide farming methods, and such activities have actually been done in various places.
- 江戸時代の大火で隣村の九鬼ヶ坂村が全滅し、その際に寺院の本尊を当村が、土地を上平屋村が譲り受けたという。
- It is said that, when adjacent village of Kukigasaka-mura (九鬼ヶ坂村) was destroyed by a big fire in the Edo period, the village inherited the honzon (principal object of worship at a temple) of the temple in Kukigasaka-mura and the village of Kamihiraya-mura the land of the Kukigasaka-mura.
- 彼らは牛王宝印を「御札もじばん」と呼び、護符として珍重したため、熊野参詣の際には欠かせないものであった。
- They called Kumano Goo-fu talismans 'Ofuda Mojiban' and highly valued them as gofu (talismans), which were indispensable during the pilgrimage to Kumano.
- 大字八軒に属する小字は「屋敷」1つのみで、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、山科八軒屋敷町となった。
- There was only one Aza named 'Yashiki' in Oaza Hachiken, which became Yamashina Hachiken Yashiki-cho when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「上野」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字上野で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、4町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Ueno' is the former Oaza Ueno, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into four towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 石原町は明治16年(1883年)、愛宕郡聖護院村の一部が当時の上京区に編入された際に成立したものである。
- Ishihara-cho was established in 1883 when Shogoin village, Otagi County was partly incorporated into the then Kamigyo Ward.
- 慶応4年(1868年)明治維新に際し、聖護院宮(しょうごいんのみや)を称し、還俗し、再び嘉言親王を称する。
- In 1868, when the Meiji Restoration took place, he called himself Shogoinnomiya, and then he returned to secular life and called himself the Imperial Prince Yoshikoto again.
- その後、内藤国貞の遺児・内藤貞勝が1573年に足利義昭と織田信長の決戦の際、京都に出陣し信長と戦っている。
- Sadakatsu NAITO, a son of the late Kunisada NAITO, went to Kyoto to fight with Nobunaga ODA for the decisive battle between Nobunaga and Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA in 1573,
- なお、大正天皇については実際の誕生日は8月31日で、大正2年(1913年)まではこの日に天長節が祝われた。
- Regarding the Emperor Taisho, his actual birthday was August 31 and tencho setsu had been celebrated on that day until 1913.
- 考古学者の調査は厳しく制限されており大仙陵古墳のように実際に天皇あるいは皇族の墓であるか不明なものも多い。
- Surveys of imperial mausoleums by archaeologists are conducted under highly restricted conditions, and there are many graves, such as the Daisenryo Tumulus, about which it is doubtful whether or not they are truly graves of emperors or imperial family members.
- 承平 3年(933年)の裳着の際には小野道風作の屏風が献じられ、源公忠により捧げられた和歌が知られている。
- She was given a folding screen made by Ono no Tofu at the time of Mogi (ceremony for girls on reaching womanhood) in 933, and the folding screen is famous for waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) composed by MINAMOTO no Kintada.
- しかしこの奉安所の場合、校舎火災や地震などによる校舎倒壊の際などに御真影が危険に晒される可能性が高かった。
- However, in the Hoan-sho, there was a high possibility that the goshin-ei portrait would be exposed to danger, if the schoolhouse collapsed due to fires or earthquakes.
- 典薬寮医師という意味での御典医は、名誉職であった典薬頭を除き、実際に天皇の治療に携わる医師のことを指した。
- Goteni in the meaning of doctors of Tenyakuryo indicates, except Tenyaku no kami (the head of tenyakuryo) which was an honorary position, the doctors who were indeed engaged in treatment of emperors.
- 文禄の役の際に一気に平壌まで侵攻されたのはこの副使の報告に従い、なんら用意をしていなかったためともされる。
- In the Bunroku War, Korea was invaded up to Pyongyang, but it is said that this was because the Korean side made no preparation for the war based on the deputy head's opinion.
- 毎年の参勤交代こそしないものの、松井家当主および徳川将軍の代替わりに際しては江戸に出府して将軍に拝謁した。
- They were therefore exempt from the Sankinkotai (a system under which feudal lords in the Edo period were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo); however, they were obliged to go to Edo and meet the shogun on the accession of a new head of the Matsui family or a new Tokugawa shogun.
- 江戸時代に入って当時の安倍氏宗家の当主であった陰陽頭土御門泰重が度々の不手際による失意から辞意を表明した。
- Onmyo no kami (Director of the Onmyoryo), Yasushige TSUCHIMIKADO, the head of the Soke (head family) of the ABE clan, announced his resignation due to his disappointment in repeated mistakes in policy
- 当初は巨勢氏、相見氏ともいい、船上山合戦に馳せ参じた際、その戦功を称えられ後醍醐天皇より綸旨が与えられた。
- The clan initially called themselves the Kose clan or the Aimi clan; at the Battle of Mt. Senjo, they rushed to the battlefield to support Emperor Godaigo, and later for the achievements in the battle, they were given Rinji (emperor's important document) and praised by the emperor.
- 2004年には、吉野・大嶺を含む紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道が、国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産に登録された。
- In 2004, sacred sites and pilgrimage routes in the Kii mountain range were registered as a World Heritage site by UNESCO.
- 「小山」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字小山で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、20町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Koyama' is the former Oaza Koyama, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the twenty towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「竹鼻」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字竹鼻で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、13町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Takehana' is the former Oaza Takehana, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the thirteen towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「川田」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字川田で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、15町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name of 'Kawata' is the former Oaza Kawata, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into fifteen towns when it was integrated into the Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「西野」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字西野で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、17町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Nishino' is the former Oaza Nishino, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into seventeen towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「椥辻」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字椥辻で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、11町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Nagitsuji' is the former Oaza Nagitsuji, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into eleven towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「小野」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字小野で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、10町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Ono' is the former Oaza Ono, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the ten towns when it was integrated into the Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「大宅」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字大宅で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、25町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Oyake' is the former Oaza Oyake, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into twenty-five towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「音羽」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字音羽で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、19町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Otowa' is the former Oaza Otowa, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into nineteen towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「大塚」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字大塚で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、13町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Otsuka' is the former Oaza Otsuka, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into thirteen towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「東野」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字東野で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、11町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Higashino' is the former Oaza Higashino, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into eleven towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「御陵」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字御陵で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、30町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name of 'Misasagi' is the former Oaza Misasagi, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into thirty towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 平成19年(2007年)の佐賀県行幸の際、到着した天皇を出迎えた市民の一部が自然発生的に君が代を歌い始めた。
- During the Imperial visit to Saga Prefecture in 2007, there was an episode that some citizens welcomed the Emperor spontaneously started singing Japan's national anthem.
- また、終戦の際、ポツダム宣言の受諾・降伏を決定することは総理大臣にも出来ず、天皇の「聖断」を仰ぐ他なかった。
- When deciding whether to accept the Potsdam Declaration and surrender at the end of World War II, even the Prime Minister was not allowed to decide it by himself and so they had to ask the Emperor to make an 'Imperial decision'.
- スウェーデンの首都・ストックホルムで開かれた日本・スウェーデン協会の会合の際、演説のなかで次のように述べた。
- He attended the meeting of the Japan-Sweden Society held in the capital of Sweden, Stockholm, and in his speech, he said as follows:
- なお、皇太子が用いてならない道理はないはずだが、実際には皇太子は多く後述の赤色扇もしくは胡粉地扇を使用した。
- Although there is no restriction for Crown Princes to use this type of fan, most of them used red fans or whitewash fans as described below.
- (このとき土岐氏の嫡流を譲ったとされるが、江戸崎土岐氏もまた豊臣秀吉の小田原の陣に際し領地を失い滅亡した)。
- (On this occasion, Yorinari is said to have handed over the status as the main branch of the family to the Edosaki-Toki clan, however, the Edosaki-Toki clan also lost its territories at Odawara no Jin (The Siege of Odawara) by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and was destroyed.
- また、華族の銀行と呼ばれた十五銀行が1927年(昭和2)4月21日に破綻した際には多くの華族が財産を失った。
- In addition, Jugo Bank, called the bank for kazoku, collapsed on April 21, 1927, and many kazoku lost their financial assets.
- また、天皇近親者の喪である諒闇(りょうあん)に際しては文官も巻纓冠を着用するが、柏挟との混同の可能性もある。
- It is said that civil officers also wore keneikan during ryoan (Court mourning of close relatives of an emperor), but there is a possibility that it is confounded with kashiwabasami.
- 黒い羅を漆で固めて作ったものが一般的だが、即位の礼や朝賀の儀の際に着用した礼冠と呼ばれる金属製の冠もあった。
- Court caps were generally made from black ra (thin silk) covered with lacquer, but there were also metal caps called reikan which were worn at the Sokui no Rei (Ceremony of the Enthronement) and the Choga no Gi (ceremony held on the New Year's Day).
- 慶応4年(1868年)明治維新に際し、照高院宮(しょうこういんのみや)を称し、還俗し、再び智成親王を称する。
- At the Meiji Restoration in 1868, he was named Shokoinnomiya, returned to secular life, and was called Imperial Prince Satonari again.
- そこで当時院政を行っていた後小松は崇光の孫である伏見宮貞成親王に対して万が一の際の皇位継承を極秘に要請した。
- Thus Emperor Gokomatsu, who was ruling the Cloistered government at the time, secretly ordered Fushiminomiya Imperial Prince Sadafusa, who was the grandchild of Emperor Suko, to succeed to the throne in the event of an emergency.
- 重盛の軍兵の射た矢が、神輿に当たるなどの不手際により非難の声が巻き起こり、後白河はやむなく師高を流罪にする。
- After this, there were incidents that occurred, for example, Shigemori threw an arrow and hit a portable shrine, etc, and people reacted badly to this and complained, then Goshirakawa had no choice but to order the banishment of Morotaka.
- 後に、「古事記」編さんの際に語り部を行った稗田阿礼は天武天皇からこの帝紀を暗誦するよう命じられたといわれる。
- It is said that HIEDA no Are who performed Kataribe (a reciter) when 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) was compiled, was ordered to recite the 'Teiki' by the Emperor Tenmu.
- このことから、この年に遣使自体は行われなかったものの実際の没年は記紀による年代よりも後であった可能性もある。
- From this description, it can be said that the year of death of the Emperor Yuryaku was later than that shown in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki, although no envoy was dispatched to Liang in 502.
- 渡海の際は、お腹に月延石や鎮懐石と呼ばれる石をあててさらしを巻き、冷やすことによって出産を遅らせたとされる。
- It is said that when she crossed the ocean, she tied stones called Tsukinobe ishi and Chinkai seki around her abdomen with bleached cotton to delay the birth of her child by cooling her abdomen.
- このときは天智の孫にあたる葛野王が直系継承を主張したが、その際天智天皇の定めた法には触れなかったようである。
- At this time, Tenchi 's grandson, Kado no Okimi, insisted the direct line succession, however it seems that Monmu did not touch on the law which was established by Emperor Tenchi in his counter-argument.
- お抱えは、一代限りの雇用の者だが、実際は世襲することも多く、軽輩の者が多いなかで、専門職で侍身分の者もいた。
- Okakae (retainer) was hired only in one generation, but in fact was often inherited, and among many of keihai some of them were professional and in the class of samurai.
- 評定始(ひょうじょうはじめ)とは、中世日本の権門において、年始にその年最初の評定を行う際に行った儀式のこと。
- Hyojohajime was a ceremony held by an influential house of medieval Japan conducted at the first consultation in the New Year.
- 鳥羽・伏見の戦いに際しては、城主稲葉正邦らが新政府に対する恭順を決め込んだため、幕府軍の入城要請を拒絶した。
- In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, the castellan Masakuni INABA and some other people refused the request of the Shogunate forces to allow them entry the castle since they had decided to side with the new government.
- なお、1884年の華族令で華族に爵位が導入された際、岩倉具視らを中心に士族の爵位を創設することも検討された。
- In 1884 when a title was introduced to the peerage, Tomomi IWAKURA and others considered establishing a title for the warrior class.
- またその際、恒居倭の免税特権を悪用した朝鮮人の納税回避の危険性が指摘されるが、後にその危惧は現実の物となる。
- At that time, it was pointed out there was a risk that some Koreans might cheat on their tax payment by taking advantage of the tax exemption privilege given to kokyowa, and that expectation came true afterward.
- 実際には代々耕作してきた田地の一部を永業田、残りを口分田と称して建前を保ったのではないかとも考えられている。
- It is considered that, to maintain the public position, part of the field that had been used for generations might have been called eigyoden and the remaining one as kubunden actually.
- その際紳助はさんまの適当な思いつきで「プールの中で縄抜け脱出」という無茶なことをやらされ、溺れたことがある。
- On that day Sanma came up with the impromptu performance idea of 'Rope Escape Magic in water' and forced Shinsuke to perform the trick, and he nearly drowned in the pool.
- 関西文化学術研究都市の中心であり、国立国会図書館関西館、私のしごと館、国際電気通信基礎技術研究所などがある。
- The town is the center of the Kansai Science City, boasting the Kansai-kan of the National Diet Library, the Vocational Museum, and the Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International.
- 「栗栖野」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字栗栖野で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、4町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Kurisuno' is the former Oaza Kurisuno, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the four towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「厨子奥」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字厨子奥で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、6町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Zushioku' is the former Oaza Zushioku, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the six towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「上花山」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字上花山で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、6町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name of 'Kami-kazan' is the former Oaza Kami-kazan, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the six towns when it was integrated into the Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「日ノ岡」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字日ノ岡で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、8町に編成された。
- Towns that included the name 'Hino-oka' were former Oaza Hino-oka, Yamashinacho Town, which were reorganized into eight towns when it was integrated into the Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 従来は袋詰めの際、添加物としてソルビン酸カリウムが使用されたが、現在は酒精(アルコール)を2~3%添加する。
- Formerly potassium sorbate was used as additive in a packaging process, but nowadays ethyl alcohol is added at two or three percent.
- それゆえ、薨去の発表が実際の薨去日とずれていることを不審としてこれを暗殺の噂が流れた理由であるとする説がある。
- Therefore, there is a theory that the rumor of his assassination spread because it was suspicious that the announced date of his death did not correspond to the actual date of his death.
- 足利義満の死に際し、朝廷が太上天皇の尊号を贈ろうとしたという事例もあったが、最終的には子の足利義持が辞退した。
- There was a case where, on the occasion of the death of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the Imperial Court offered to award him the honorary title of Daijo Tenno, but eventually his son Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA refused to accept.
- 江戸時代後期の当主の中山愛親(なるちか)は、尊号一件の際に、老中松平定信と対決して正親町公明と共に処分された。
- Naruchika NAKAYAMA, who was the family head during the latter part of the Edo Period confronted Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA, roju (senior councillor of the Tokugawa shogunate), on the occasion of the songo ikken (literally, incident concerning honorific title) and was punished together with Kinaki OGIMACHI.
- また、皇族と親族である華族が死亡した際は服喪することも定められており、華族は皇室の最も近い存在として扱われた。
- It was also specified that, when kazoku who related to the Imperial family died, the Imperial family and some kazoku should went into mourning; kazoku were regarded as the people who had been keeping strong bonds with the Imperial family.
- 天智天皇が病に倒れた際、天武天皇は、倭姫王が即位し、弘文天皇が太政大臣として摂政を執ることを進言したとされる。
- It is said that when the Emperor Tenchi fell ill, the Emperor Tenmu advised that Yamatohime no Okimi to ascend the throne, and the Emperor Kobun to become Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister) to serve as sessho (emperor's chief advisor).
- 宇治平等院に引退した際に所有権は摂関家歴代当主に継承させるものの、邸宅自体は歴代天皇の里内裏として提供された。
- When he retired to Uji Byodo-in Temple, although the ownership was transferred to the heads of the line of regents and advisers, the residence was provided as a satodairi for the line of emperors.
- 天皇の国事行為の「外国の外交官の接受」の一環である「信任状奉呈式」に際しては、皇室の馬車での送迎を認めている。
- On the occasion of the 'Ceremony of Presentation of Credentials' as part of the 'Reception of Foreign Diplomats,' which is counted among the state affairs, a newly-appointed ambassador is offered the service of a horse-drawn carriage for transportation.
- 正殿である大極殿には天子の玉座である「高御座」(たかみくら)が据えられており、儀式や謁見の際に天皇が着座した。
- The emperor's Imperial throne called 'Takamikura' was placed in the daigokuden, the main hall of the palace, and the emperor was seated on it when attending a ceremony or granting an audience.
- これは、崇光天皇の皇太子直仁親王(正平一統の際に吉野朝廷に捕えられて廃位)以来三百数十年ぶりの立太子であった。
- It was the first such ceremony in well over 300 years since Emperor Suko's heir Imperial Prince Naohito had been invested in crown princedom (although this prince was arrested by the Yoshino Court on the occasion of Shohei Itto (temporal unification of the Northern and Southern Courts) and dethroned).
- 2008年10月1日、松本紘総長就任にともない、教育・学生・国際(教育) 担当の副学長として西村周三氏が就任。
- In the wake of the inauguration of Hiroshi MATSUMOTO as the president of Kyoto University, Shuzo NISHIMURA was appointed on October 1, 2008 to the vice-president in charge of education, student affairs and international affairs (education).
- 写真などでは木造の橋と思われがちだが、実際は本体は鉄筋コンクリート製(欄干のみ木製)で、車の通行も可能である。
- The bridge looks like a wooden bridge in photographs, but, its main body has a structure of reinforced concrete (only parapets are made of wood), and it is a practicable bridge also for cars.
- 現代の鎌倉は、多くの史跡・文化財と良好な自然環境を残した国際観光都市として栄え、多くの観光客を惹き付けている。
- Today's Kamakura has flourished as a city for international tourism that has many historic sites and cultural assets with pleasant natural environments, attracting many tourists.
- 1935年、この山名に因んで三笠宮が創設される際に、同じ名前では恐れ多いとして山焼きに因んで若草山に改称した。
- When the Mikasanomiya Imperial Household was established and took its name from the mountain in 1935, to humble it and show respect for the Mikasanomiya Imperial Household, it was renamed Mt. Wakakusa after mountain burning.
- また明治10年(1877)2月10日~11日、明治天皇の「大和行幸」の際の今井行在所(あんざいしょ)であった。
- When the Emperor Meiji took 'Yamato gyoko' (imperial trip to the Yamato Province), the temple was used as Imai anzaisho (provisional palace for Emperor's going out) on February 10 and 11, 1877.
- 「北花山」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字北花山で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、12町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Kita-kazan' is the former Oaza Kita-kazan, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the twelve towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「勧修寺」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字勧修寺で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、28町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Kanshuji' is the former Oaza Kanshuji, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into the twenty-eight towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「四ノ宮」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字四ノ宮で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、19町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Shinomiya' is the former Oaza Shinomiya, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into nineteen towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 「西野山」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字西野山で、昭和6年、当時の東山区へ編入された際、10町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Nishinoyama' is the former Oaza Nishinoyama, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into ten towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 八条町と東寺町は明治12年(1879年)、葛野郡八条村の一部が当時の下京区に編入された際に成立したものである。
- Hachijo-cho and Toji-cho were established in 1879 when a part of Hachijo village, Kadono County was incorporated into the then Shimogyo Ward.
- なお、実際の住所表示は「東山区東大路通松原上る四丁目毘沙門町」のように通り名による住所表示を用いることが多い。
- Furthermore, the actual indication of an address is done mostly by using street names such as 'Bishamon-cho, 4-chome, Matsubara agaru, Higashioji-dori Street, Higashiyama Ward.'
- この際、「大字大北山」として存続していた区域は、「大北山」を冠称する8町と、衣笠衣笠山町、衣笠赤坂町となった。
- Simultaneously, the area which had remained as 'Oaza Okitayama' was reorganized into eight towns prefixed by 'Okitayama' as well as Kinugasa Kinugasayama-cho and Kinugasa Akasaka-cho.
- また、立太子の礼に際しては、都道府県などがこれを祝う言葉を記したアドバルーンを都内上空に浮かべ、立太子を祝った。
- Moreover, at the official investiture ceremony of the Crown Prince, balloons with a message celebrating the ceremony donated from each prefecture and other governmental bodies were floated in the skies over Tokyo to offer the nation's congratulations.
- 同年5月三品に叙せられ、文久2年(1862年)10月19日二品に叙せられるが、同月25日(実際には14日)薨去。
- He was appointed to Sanbon (the third rank of the Imperial Princes' ranks) in May of the same year and to Nihon (the second rank of the same) on December 10, 1862, but he passed away on 16 (in fact on 5) of the same month.
- ことに寛政元年(1789年)の尊号事件に際し、「御代長久が第一の孝行」と言って光格天皇を諌めたことは有名である。
- It is well known that the Retired Empress Gosakuramachi admonished Emperor Kokaku by saying, 'Keeping the era for a long time is dutiful to your parents' when the Songo Incident happened in 1789.
- それだけに堀河天皇が若くして崩御した際は深く悲しみ、出家後も天皇の崩御した堀河院でその菩提を弔う余生を全うした。
- Because of this, she deeply grieved when Emperor Horikawa passed away young, and spent the rest of her life praying to Buddha for the happiness of her dead husband at Horilkawain where the emperor demised, after becoming a Buddhist nun.
- 近世初頭、豊臣秀吉、徳川政権によって固定的な被差別身分が編成された際に、河原者はその中に組み込まれたと言われる。
- It is said that the Kawaramono were included in a fixed discriminated position when the position was organized by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and the Tokugawa government in the early modern period.
- 京都大宮御所 女院御所(皇太后の御所として造営されたが、現在は天皇・皇后および皇族が京都へ帰洛した際に宿泊する)
- Kyoto Omiya Gosho, Nyoin Gosho (originally built for the empress dowager, but currently used by the Emperor, the Empress, and the Imperial Family when they visit Kyoto.)
- 蓮如上人が京より北陸へ布教をする際、当村を含む街道を通り、村々を真言宗・日蓮宗等から改宗させたと記録されている。
- It is recorded that, when visiting the Hokuriku area from the capital to preach, Rennyo Shonin (a famous priest of Jodo-shu Sect in the Muromachi period) used a road that passed this village, and made many villagers in villages along the road changed their religious sects from Shingon-shu Sect or Nichiren-shu Sect to his Jodoshin-shu Sect.
- 形式だけ行われる1度目と2度目の上表を「初度」「第二度」、実際に天皇が勅答を決める3度めを「第三度」の表と称した。
- The first and second Johyo presented with formality were called 'Shodo' (first time) and 'Dainido' (second time); and the third one, the Emperor actually decided his answer, was called 'Daisando' (third time).
- この際、象が無位無官であるため参内の資格がないとの問題が起こり、急遽「広南従四位白象」との称号を与えて参内させた。
- On this occasion, the problem was caused due to the elephant not having any official position and not being able to enter the Imperial Palace, the elephant was given ' 広南従四位白象 (Kankan Ju Shii White elephant)' in haste and was then allowed into the Palace.
- 1351年(観応2年/正平6年)に足利尊氏が一時的に南朝に降伏した正平一統の際には新田義興とともに鎌倉を占領する。
- In 1351, when Takauji ASHIKAGA temporally gave up the battle against the Southern Court at Shohei Itto (to unify the Imperial line in the Shohei era), he occupied Kamakura with Yoshioki NITTA.
- 小笠原貞頼が徳川家康に命じられ、南方探検に出た際、文禄2年(1593年)に小笠原諸島を発見しているといわれている。
- It is said that in 1593 Sadayori OGASAWARA made an expedition toward south by order of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and found Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Islands).
- 金閣は明治時代に大修理が施されており、その際に詳細な図面が作成されていたことからきわめて忠実な再現が可能となった。
- It was possible to reproduce Kinkaku-ji Temple precisely because a detailed drawing had been created when Kinkaku-ji Temple was repaired greatly in the Meiji period.
- 後宇多法皇は死の間際まで皇太子の邦良親王を大覚寺統の嫡流として、後醍醐天皇は一刻も早く譲位を行うように命じていた。
- Up until his death, the Cloistered Emperor Gouda continued to order Emperor Godaigo to handover the throne to Crown Prince Kuniyoshi as the legitimate direct heir to the Daikakuji line.
- 実際、村役人層などは百姓身分ながらも苗字帯刀を許される場合があり、なかには郷士(在郷武士)として遇される者もいた。
- Actually, though belonging to the farmer class, some village officers were provided with the myojitaito right, and some were even treated as goshi (local samurai).
- 「楽市楽座は信長が安土城で始めた」という認識があるが、上記のように実際は中世の門前町や六角氏により開始されている。
- It is recognized that 'rakuichi-rakuza were begun in Azuchi by Nobunaga' but, as described above, they were actually first established by temple towns and the Rokkaku clan during the middle ages.
- ばさらとは、日本の中世、南北朝時代の社会風潮や文化的流行をあらわす言葉であり、実際に当時の流行語として用いられた。
- 'Basara' is a word which expressed the social and cultural trends during the Northern and Southern Courts period (in the Japanese medieval period), which was actually used as a vogue word at that time.
- 慶安3年(1650年)には西丸の徒頭に転任し廩米500俵を与えられ、儀式の際に布衣(無紋の狩衣)の着用を許される。
- In 1650, he changed the position to Nishinomarukachigashira (leader of the group walking first place in line and guarding streets for the shogun) and was given 500 bales of rinmai (rice stored by a feudal government or domains), and was allowed to wear hoi (clothing for kuge) during ceremonies.
- かつての武家である鈴木氏との関係は諸説あって定まらないが、祭礼の際に祭られる稲穂に由来した神官の姓氏と考えられる。
- Although the connection with the Suzuki clan who was once a samurai family, is not clear, since there are diversified theories on it, this seishi (hereditary family name) is thought to be of the Shinto priest and its origin derived from the rice ear used at the rituals.
- 特に誠仁親王に関しては、変に際して二条御所で危うく巻き添えになりかけたことが、朝廷説への反論として言及されている。
- With respect to the Imperial Prince Sanehito, especially, the fact that he could be entangled in an incident in the Nijo Gosho is mentioned as a refutation against the view that the mastermind of the plot was in the Imperial Court.
- 壬申の乱の際に、美濃国に本営を設けた大海人皇子(天武天皇)に対し、大津の近江宮にあった朝廷は、数万の軍勢を派遣した。
- During the Jinshin war, the Imperial Court based in Omi no miya palace in Otsu sent tens of thousands of soldiers to Mino Province where the headquarters of the Prince Oama (the Emperor Tenmu) was located.
- 大宝律令制定後、女性天皇の即位が相次ぎ、皇后が立てられることがなかったので、中宮職は実際には機能しない状態が続いた。
- After the establishment of Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), female emperors were enthroned successively and empresses were not appointed, thus Chugushiki did not work in fact.
- 後水尾天皇の3男・守澄法親王が日光山輪王寺門跡となった際に、烏丸光広の次男烏丸広賢は随従したまま京都に戻らなかった。
- When Cloistered Imperial Prince Shucho, the third son of Emperor Gomizunoo, became the chief priest of Nikko-zan Rin-noji Temple, Hirokata KARASUMARU, the second son of Mitsuhiro KARASUMARU, accompanied him and did not return to Kyoto.
- たとえば紀州家当主だった徳川吉宗が8代将軍として宗家を嗣いだ際に紀州家当主となったのは、伊予西条家の徳川宗直である。
- For instance, Munenao TOKUGAWA of the Iyo-Saijo family became the head of the Kishu family when Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, previously the head of the Kishu family, joined the head family as the eighth shogun.
- その際香川県高松市鬼無あるいは岡山県総社市鬼ノ城で百済の王子という温羅を討った伝説があり、桃太郎のモデルといわれる。
- There is a legend that on this occasion, he had conquered Ura who was referred to as the prince of Baekje in Kinashi, Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture or Kinojo, Soja City, Okayama Prefecture, and it is considered as the model for the story of Momotaro (The Peach Boy).
- 北朝・崇光天皇の皇太子(厳密には皇太弟)に立てられたが、正平一統の際に南朝軍によって吉野へと連行されて廃太子された。
- After enthroned as prince (younger brother of an Emperor who is heir apparent) of Northern Court Emperor Suko, he was taken to Yoshino by the Southern court army at the time of the Shohei itto (temporal unification of the Northern and Southern Courts) incident; and was deprived of his throne.
- 皇族は臣籍降下に際して、新たに一家を創設するのが通例であるが、臣下の養子(猶子)となる形で臣籍に降下する例もあった。
- It is a custom for Imperial Family, who are demoted from nobility to subject, to establish a new prince's house, but there was another option of being adopted by the family who are common subjects.
- 良子内親王の伊勢下向(群行)に際しては、同行した藤原資房(藤原資平の子)がその日記『春記』に詳細な記録を残している。
- FUJIWARA no Sukefusa (the son of FUJIWARA no Sukehira) who accompanied the Imperial Princess gave a detailed account of her procession to Ise (gunko) in his diary titled 'Shunki.'
- 京から四天王寺・住吉大社・熊野三山へ詣でる際は淀川からの船をここで降りていたため、熊野古道もこの渡辺津が起点だった。
- Watanabe no tsu was also the starting point for Kumanokodo Road, because the worshippers from Kyoto visiting Shitenno-ji Temple, Sumiyoshi Taisha Shrine and Kumano Sanzan (three major shrines, Kumano-Hongu-Taisha Shrine, Kumano-Hayatama-Taisha Shrine and Kumano-Nachi-Taisha Shrine) got off boats at here.
- もともとインドおよび周辺アジア諸国で作られていた料理だが、20世紀以降は国際的に人気のある料理のひとつとなっている。
- It was originally a dish that was cooked in India and surrounding Asian countries, but after the 20th century, it became one of the most popular dishes in the world.
- 当時はまだ関西国際空港が開港しておらず、関西地区における要人の大規模な受け入れ態勢が十分には整っていなかったのである。
- Kansai International Airport did not open yet at that time, and Kansai area was not fully ready to accept so many important persons.
- 歴代当主の中には漢学の才を認められ、改元の際の新年号の候補およびその出典を記した「年号勘文」の提出者となった者も多い。
- When the era name was changed, many successive heads of the family, who had acquired a reputation for the study of the Chinese classics, became presenters of 'Nengo-kanmon,' an opinion paper in which possible era names and the source of these names were discussed.
- 摂津に住んだと伝わり、摂津名所図会によると、墓所は伊丹市にあったとされるが、大阪国際空港の敷地となり、墓は現存しない。
- It is said that he lived in Settsu province and 'Settsu-meisho-zue' (a book introducing beauty spots in Settsu) reported that his graveyard was in Itami city, but currently it is premise of Osaka International Airport and doesn't exist.
- なお、弘仁・貞観_(日本)・延喜とは、それぞれの格式が編纂された年代の元号であるが、実際の完成には時間がかかっている。
- Although codification of the above acts began in the Konin, Jogan (the era name in Japan) and Engi eras, respectively, they were in fact completed in later eras.
- 新潟県長岡市(旧小国町)には、以仁王が平家から逃れる際に越後国小国郷にたどり着き、そこで生活したという言い伝えがある。
- There is a legend in Nagaoka City, Niigata Prefecture (the former Oguni-machi Town), that Prince Mochihito went to Oguni-kyo Village, Echigo Province when escaping from the Taira family and lived there.
- しかし、笠谷和比古等の研究によると、1588年の後陽成天皇聚楽第行幸の際には、家康はすでに源朝臣を名乗っていたという。
- According to the study by Kazuhiko KASAYA et al., however, Ieyasu already called himself Minamoto no Ason in the Emperor Goyozei's Imperial visit to Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's residence and office in Kyoto) of 1588.
- 従兄弟にあたる桓武天皇とは酒飲み仲間であったと伝えられ、平安京遷都の際に賀茂大神と伊勢神宮への使者にも任じられている。
- It is said that his cousin Emperor Kanmu was a boon companion and he was appointed as the emissary for Kamo-jinja Shrine and Ise-jingu Shrine in the transfer of national capital to the city of Heian-kyo.
- また、主室に三幅対の掛軸を飾り、その前に三具足が置かれたこともあることから、実際に、方丈を意識してつくられたのだろう。
- In addition, Mitsugusoku (the incense, flower vase, and a candlestick placed offered for the Buddhist altar) was placed in front of the scroll of sanpukutsui (those that became a group with three objects) which was decorated in the main guest room and was probably created with a concern for directions.
- 良房の死後、養子の藤原基経はすぐに摂政へ就任し、884年に急遽年配の光孝天皇が即位した際には、事実上の関白に就任した。
- Soon after Yoshifusa's death, his adopted son FUJIWARA no Mototsune was installed as regent, and when the aged Emperor Koko hastily ascended the throne in 884, he was installed as chancellor in all but name.
- 歴史上、有名な令旨としては、「源平の争乱」の際に、源氏挙兵の正当性を表すものとして発令された、「以仁王の令旨」がある。
- A historically famous ryoji is 'Prince Mochihito's order' issued to justify the Genji's raising of an army during the Genpei War.
- 日本では、飛鳥時代に令(または律令)を制定する際、唐の制度を参考としたため、唐と同様に口分田が導入されたと考えられる。
- It is considered that, in Japan, kubunden was introduced as it was in Tang, because the system in Tang was used as a reference in establishing the ryo (or ritsuryo) code in the Asuka period.
- 石山合戦の際には、石山本願寺について織田信長に反抗、環濠や土塁、見通しを妨げる筋違いの道路等を築いて城塞都市となった。
- The town stood on the side of Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple in Ishiyama War to fight against Nobunaga ODA, and developed into a fortified city with a moat, earthworks, diagonally crossed roads to hinder the view, etc.
- 実際に前後交替射撃法が実用化するのは燧石式に移行してからであり、燧石式の機能改善もそれに相当の貢献をしたと考えられる。
- In fact, it was not until after the mechanism was shifted to that of flintlock when the shooting method of exchanging between the front and the rear was put into practical use, which, some people think, owed much to the improvement in the functions of the flintlock mechanism.
- その際、大正天皇と昭和天皇の即位の礼のときは勅令によって、今上天皇の即位の礼のときは法律によって、祝日として定められた。
- The days of Emperor Taisho's and Emperor Showa's Sokui no rei were set as national holidays by the Imperial edicts, and the day of the present Emperor's Sokui no rei of was set as a national holiday by the law.
- 催官人の3家以外の地下家の官人は、並官人と呼ばれ、更にその下には儀式などの際に雑用を担当する下官人と呼ばれる人々がいた。
- Other than the three families called Saikanjin, the court officials from Jigeke were called Namikanjin (general court officials) and had subordinates called Shimokanjin, who did heavy labor for the events and ceremonies.
- その後、時行は南朝 (日本)から朝敵免除を受け、観応の擾乱の際に武蔵国で再度挙兵するが、尊氏に敗れて捕らえられ斬られた。
- Thereafter, Tokiyuki was pardoned by the Southern Court and raised an army again in Musashi Province in the Kanno Disturbance, but he was defeated, captured and killed by Takauji.
- 世襲親王家はしばしば当今の天皇の直系に男子が不在の際に皇位継承資格者を輩出し、万世一系とされる皇統の維持に寄与してきた。
- The Seshu-Shinno-ke often contributed to maintaining an unbroken Imperial lineage by providing a successor to the Imperial Throne when a male heir was not present in the direct line of the reigning Emperor.
- 白河院は御幸の際には必ず内親王と同車し、病がちな内親王のためにしばしば寺社に参篭して、その息災を祈り絶えず祈祷をさせた。
- The retired Emperor Shirakawa always rode in the same carriage with the Imperial Prince when going out together and confined himself in a temple (shrine) and continuously prayed for the Princess's health.
- 高明は親王が即位する事で外戚になれることからその立太子が期待されたが、実際には守平親王(後の円融天皇)が皇太弟となった。
- Takaakira wished the Imperial Prince to become Crown Prince since he could become his maternal relative, in fact, Imperial Prince Morihira (later called Emperor Enyu) became Crown Prince.
- 884年(元慶8年)陽成天皇が退位したあとの皇位継承問題が生じた際に、即位を要請されたがこれを拒絶したと伝えられている。
- It is said that he was requested to accede the throne when Emperor Yozei retired in 884 and the problem of succession arose, but he refused it.
- 江戸時代においては、天皇は政治的実権を取得することなく、実際の石高は1万石(のち3万石)程度の経済基盤しか持たなかった。
- In the Edo period, the Emperor did not hold actual political power, and had an economical base of only 10,000 koku (unit for measuring land in Japan) (later 30,000 koku) of territory.
- 建築物を建築等(増改築を含む)する際には、こうした具体的な基準に適合しているかどうか、市長の認定を受けなければならない。
- When constructing (also extending and reconstructing) a building, one is required to have a plan examined to see whether it conforms to these regulations and approved by the mayor.
- また、典薬権助の地位は賀茂別雷神社の社家である藤木家が世襲したが、こちらは実際に鍼を行い、天皇の診察もする家系であった。
- The position of Tenyaku gon no suke (assistant chief of Tenyakuryo) was also hereditary, resting with the Fujiki family, a family of Shinto priests who oversaw Kamo Wakeikazuchi Jinja Shrine, but those holding this position actually performed acupuncture, and were one of the family lineages permitted to perform medical examinations of the Emperor.
- またその際、藤原伊周は勅命によるもの以外は禁止されている呪術である大元帥法をひそかに行ったとして、大宰権帥に左遷された。
- At that time, FUJIWARA no Korechika was accused of secretly conducting a magic ritual called Daigensuiho that was under a ban without a royal command, and was relegated to the position of Dazai gon no sochi (provisional governor-general of the Dazai-fu [local government office in Kyushu region]).
- この使船は実際は宗氏が運用していたものであり、こうした事などから三浦の乱は宗氏主導で計画的に起こされたと考えられている。
- This envoy ship was operated by the So clan in fact, and considering these facts, it is thought that the Sanpo War was intentionally provoked by the So clan.
- この時、家康の苦難の伊賀越えに協力したのが伊賀流であり、その際の伊賀の棟梁、服部半蔵の功で江戸城に「半蔵門」が作られる。
- On this occasion, the Iga lineage cooperated with Ieyasu for getting across Iga and, because of the merit of Hanzo HATTORI, who was the head of Iga at that time, 'Hanzomon' (Hanzo gate) was constructed in Edo-jo Castle.
- 豊臣秀吉の京都改造の際に1587年頃より洛中の太閤検地を行い、続いて1591年には京都中心部を囲うように土居を建設した。
- When reconstructing Kyoto, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI implemented his Taiko-kenchi land survey in Rakuchu from around 1587, and in 1591 he constructed doi (mound) around central Kyoto.
- 延暦13年(794年)11月8日の平安京命名の際に、桓武天皇が、山河が襟帯して自然に城をなす形勝から、山城国に改称した。
- On November 8, 794 (Enryaku 13), when the capital was named Heian-kyo (Heian Palace), the Emperor Kammu changed the second letter of the province's name to 山城国
- また明治維新の際には、江戸を東京とすることにより遷都は避けられたものの、天皇の東京行幸で留守の都となった(→東京奠都)。
- At the time of the Meiji Restoration, the relocation of the capital was avoided by Edo becoming Tokyo, but it became the absent capital due to Emperor's imperial stay in Tokyo (please refer to the section of 'Tokyo Tento').
- 「安朱」を冠称する町名はもとの山科町大字安朱で、昭和6年(1931年)、当時の東山区へ編入された際、17町に編成された。
- Town that includes the name 'Anshu' is the former Oaza Anshu, Yamashinacho Town, that was reorganized into seventeen towns when it was integrated into Higashiyamaku Ward in 1931.
- 芸能音楽やスポーツ界関係者を招いた皇居でのお茶会や赤坂御苑での園遊会が催された際には、出席した各関係者に詳しい質問をする。
- When guests from the public entertainment and music world and the sport world are invited to the tea parties held at the Imperial Palace, or to the garden parties held at Akasaka Imperial Garden, the Emperor asks them questions in detail.
- 日本においては、古代律令法の喪葬令や儀制令に天皇の服喪規定があるものの、3日間と短く、実際にはより長期の期間行われている。
- In Japan, there is a rule of mourning of the Emperor in the Act of Funeral and the Act of Ceremony and System in the ancient Ritsuryo law; however the period is only 3 days, but usually it is longer.
- 幕末期の当主は三条西季知で、いわゆる七卿落ちの一人として維新に際して勲功があり、また明治天皇の和歌師範としても有名である。
- The family head at the end of the Edo period was Suetomo SANJONISHI, who had many achievements in the Meiji Restoration as one of the so-called exiles of the seven nobles, and who gained fame as a waka master of the Emperor Meiji.
- 近年和宮が降嫁に際し中山道を通って江戸へ向う途中、信州小坂家で休息した折、小坂家の写真師が撮影した和宮の写真が発見された。
- When Kazunomiya married to Iemochi, on her way to Edo through Nakasendo road, she took a rest with the Kosaka family in Shinshu, Kazunomiya's photograph was found which was taken by a photographer of Kosaka family.
- 神宮の神職や伊勢の神領民はこの祭りが終わるまで新穀を口にしないといわれているが、実際に守られているかどうかは定かではない。
- It is said that Shinto priests in Ise-jingu Shrine and Shinryomin of Ise do not eat new grain until the festival ends, but it is not known whether the rule is actually kept.
- 皇室行事は神道に則って行われる為、1947年の憲法改正以後初となる昭和天皇の大喪の際には政教分離の原則への配慮がなされた。
- Since Imperial ceremonies are held according to Shinto rules, the separation of religion and politics was taken into consideration when they performed the funeral ceremony for Emperor Showa, which was the first national funeral ceremony after the revision of the Constitution in 1947.
- 実際に防人軍団の外国勢力との交戦は、1019年に中国沿海地方の女真族が対馬から北九州を襲撃した刀伊の入寇の1度だけである。
- In actuality, the only conflict to have taken place between sakimori troops and a foreign force was the Toi invasion of 1019 in which Jurchen people from the coastal region of China invaded northern Kyushu through Tsushima Island.
- 表向きは一揆が禁止されていた中で実際には百姓身分の権利行使運動として恒例化していた江戸時代のいわゆる百姓一揆の時期を経た。
- Although ikki was ostensibly prohibited during the Edo period, there was actually a period of time during which the so-called hyakusho ikki (peasant uprisings) regularly broke out as the peasantry sought to exercise their rights.
- (至国際会館駅) ← 四条駅 (京都市営地下鉄) - 五条駅 (京都市営地下鉄) - 京都駅 → (至竹田駅 (京都府))
- (to/from Kokusai Kaikan Station) - Shijo Station (Kyoto Municipal Subway) - Gojo Station (Kyoto Municipal Subway) - Kyoto Station - (to/from Takeda Station (Kyoto Prefecture))
- しかし実際には、足利将軍家には鎌倉公方、古河公方、堀越公方などの別家が多くあり、吉良氏が足利本家を継げる可能性は低かった。
- However, the possibility remained low for the Kira clan to be a successor of the head family of the Ashikaga clan, since there were many bekke (branch family) families in the Ashikaga Shogun family; the Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region), the Kogakubo (descendants of one of the Ashikaga families that held the office of the Kanto district administrator), and the Horigoe Kubo.
- 1915年(大正4年)、大正天皇御大典を機に信玄が従三位に叙せられた際、当時の当主武田信保に信玄に対する位記宣命が渡された。
- When Shingen was conferred Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in 1915 at the state ceremony for the Emperor Taisho, ikisenmyo (court rank diploma and imperial edict) for Shingen was given to Nobuyasu TAKEDA, the head of the clan at the time.
- この際、信長の嫡男で織田氏の当主であった織田信忠も二条城で討たれたため、政権の中核となるべき人物を失った織田政権は崩壊する。
- Since Nobutada ODA who was a legitimate son of Nobunaga and the family head of the Oda clan was also killed in Nijo-jo Castle, the Oda regime lost the leaders and collapsed.
- しかし、業氏は3代将軍足利義満、業氏の子孫の細川晴経は13代将軍足利義輝の加冠の際の理髪役を務めるなど、有力な幕臣であった。
- However, the family was a powerful retainer of the shogun, such as Nariuji performed a haircut at the kakan (put a crown on a young man's head on a genpuku ceremony) of the 3rd Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA and Harutsune HOSOKAWA, a descendant of Nariuji, also performed a haircut at the kakan of the 13th Shogun Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA.
- 通常は皇族男子が婚姻し独立する際に天皇から賜るが、三笠宮家の次男である宜仁親王は独身のまま宮家を創設し、桂宮の称号を賜った。
- Normally it is given by the Emperor when a son of an Imperial family gets married and becomes independent, but Imperial Prince Yoshihito, the second son of the Mikasanomiya family established a Miyake unmarried and was given the title of Katsuranomiya.
- さらに享保10年(1725年)、薨去に際しては、准后宣下、次いで女院号宣下がなされて礼成門院(れいせいもんいん)と称された。
- After her death in 1725, the senge for Jugo (honorary rank next to the three empresses: great empress dowager, empress dowager, and empress), and later Nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the emperor or a woman of comparable standing) were made, and she was named Reiseimonin.
- 「薬子の変」の際、朝原内親王は平城上皇には同行せず、弘仁3年(812年)の5月、異母姉妹の大宅内親王と揃って妃の位を辞した。
- At the Kusuko Incident, Imperial Princess Asahara did not accompany the Retired Emperor Heizei, she resigned the position of Empress, and her half sister, Imperial Princess Oyake also left her position as Empress at the same time in June and July 812.
- これは明徳3年(1392年)の南北朝合一の際の条件である両統迭立に反しており、その後南朝勢力はしばしば反発して武装蜂起する。
- This was against the agreement of sharing imperial succession as decided by the union of the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392, and subsequently the two sides often opposed each other in armed conflicts.
- 称徳崩御による皇統断絶の危機に際して大臣らは協議を行い、その結果、天智の孫に当たる年配の光仁天皇が皇位承継することとなった。
- After Emperor Shotoku died, there was an incident of the discontinuity in the Imperial line, the Ministers had a meeting and it was decided for elderly Emperor Konin, who was the grandchild of Emperor Tenji, to succeed to the throne.
- なお入内に際し、叔母にあたり、後嵯峨天皇の中宮で後深草天皇、亀山両天皇の生母である西園寺きつ子(大宮院)の猶子となっている。
- Before her bridal entry into court, she became the adopted child of Kitsushi SAIONJI (Omiyain) who was a chugu of Emperor Gosaga, and was the birth mother of Emperor Gofukakusa, Emperor Kameyama.
- 礼銭(れいせん)とは、本来は室町幕府において征夷大将軍の任命などの祝い事の際に守護大名や寺社などから献上された祝い金のこと。
- The reisen was originally a gift money presented from Shugo Daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable), temples and shrines in celebrations such as the appointment of Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') at the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 国際競技大会でスポーツ選手の応援として自発的に『君が代』が歌われる光景については、強制していない面で問題視しない意見がある。
- There is an opinion that scenes in which 'Kimigayo' is sung voluntarily as encouragement for sports persons in international competition is not problematic because it is not done unurged.
- この際に義詮は北朝の光厳天皇、光明天皇、崇光天皇、直仁親王を京都に取り残し、三上皇らは南朝方に確保され、賀名生へ連行される。
- When he escaped, Yoshiakira left the Northern Court Emperor Kogon, Emperor Komyo, Emperor Suko, and Imperial Prince Naohito in Kyoto, and they were taken into custody by the Southern Court and sent to Ano.
- なお、824年の平城上皇の崩御の際に、既に退位していた嵯峨上皇の要望によって淳和天皇の名によって関係者の赦免が行われている。
- In addition, at the time of Retired Emperor Heizei's death in 824, Emperor Junna pardoned those involved in the incident at the request of the Retired Emperor Saga, who had already abdicated the crown.
- なお、国際的に通用する気象現象の表現方式である、WMO規定の国際式天気図記号では、以下の11種類が黄砂を表す記号に該当する。
- Of the WMO-specified international symbols on weather charts, which are internationally usable for indicating meteorological phenomena, the following 11 can be used for kosa:
- この来日の際には、幕府に朝鮮国王直筆の親書、銅鏡が進呈され、また使節団が神君とされる大権現家康が眠る日光東照宮を参拝をした。
- The envoy that came to Japan in this occasion presented to the bakufu a message written directly by the King of Korea and bronze mirrors, and visited Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine where daigongen (Great Avatar) Ieyasu, considered having been Shinkun (a god-like head of Japan), was buried.
- この平泉文化は現代でも大阪商工会議所会頭による東北熊襲発言に際して、国会で東北地方の文化の象徴として引き合いにだされている。
- Even in the present age, this Hiraizumi culture was quoted as the symbol of the culture of the Tohoku region in the Diet when the gaffe committed by the president of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Osaka Prefecture (an inappropriate remark on residents of the Tohoku region calling them 'Kumaso' [a discriminatory word which originally means the tribes who lived in the ancient Kyushu district]) was discussed.
- 手軽な庶民食、米食の代用食として、また祝い事に際して振る舞われる「ハレとケ」の食物として、古くから日本全国で食べられてきた。
- Regarding Udon noodles as simple everyday dishes, substitutes for boiled rice, and foods of 'hare and ke' (unusual events and daily events) served at festive events, Japanese people nationwide have eaten them from ancient times.
- 平成19年(2007年)の新潟県中越沖地震に際しては現地に赴いて被災者を見舞い、また被災者を思う心情から夏の静養を取りやめた。
- When the Chuetsu Offshore Earthquake occurred in 2007, he not only visited the disaster-stricken area to console the victims, but also cancelled his summer vacation out of consideration for the victims.
- ところが、菟餓野(とがの、兵庫県神戸市灘区の都賀川流域か)で反乱の成否を占う狩を行った際、坂皇子がイノシシに襲われて薨去した。
- However, Imperial Prince Kagosaka met with his demise by the attack of a wild boar during hunting for predicting his success in the rebellion at Togano (this location is possibly the present Toga river basin in Nada Ward, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture).
- また皇室喪儀令(大正15年皇室令第11号)では、太皇太后の死に際しては宮内大臣が公示し、追号を定め、天皇が喪主となると定める。
- Rescript on Imperial Funeral Ceremonial (No. 11 of the Imperial family's Act in 1926) states that Minister of the Imperial Households shall announce the death of a grand empress dowager and decide her posthumous title and that the emperor shall host her funeral.
- 藤原頼宗の次女藤原延子(母は藤原伊周女で脩子内親王の従姉妹)を養女とし、延子が後朱雀天皇に入内した際には養母として付き添った。
- She adopted FUJIWARA no Enshi, the second daughter of FUJIWARA no Yorimune (her mother was the daughter of FUJIWARA no Korechika, a cousin of Imperial Princess Shushi), and she accompanied Enshi as her foster mother when Enshi married into Emperor Gosuzaku's palace.
- 姉の章子内親王に続いての皇女であったため、馨子内親王の誕生に際して皇子を期待していた宮中の反応は冷ややかなものであったという。
- It is said that the birth of Imperial Princess Keishi received a frosty welcome by the members of the Imperial Court, who had eagerly expected the birth of a prince, because she was another princess following her elder sister, Princess Shoshi.
- それは、身分の低い、例えば同朋衆が、連歌や闘茶などの遊びの際に同席して、同じ空間を共有できる場として、会所があったからである。
- It was because Kaisho was a place where people of lower status, such as Doboshu, could attend the games of renga and Tocha (Tea Gambling where the player had to guess the tea brand) and share the same space.
- この上洛の際、義昭の挙兵を諫めた細川幽斎と荒木村重は明智光秀の調略を受けて義昭を見限り、信長に味方するべく逢坂で出迎えている。
- When Nobunaga went up to Kyoto, Yusai HOSOKAWA and Murashige ARAKI, who had advised Yoshiaki not to raise an army, agreed to Mitsuhide AKECHI's plot, abandoned Yoshiaki, and welcomed Nobunaga at Osaka to side with him.
- 『正倉院文書』その他の資料によると、律令法の公法的部分は、奈良時代においては、継受法とは考えられないほど実際に施行されていた。
- According to 'Shosoin-bunsho' and other sources, during the Nara period, the public law portion of ritsuryo law was in fact enforced as if it was not an adopted law.
- しかしながら、実際に在地における行政・司法の権限、すなわち荘務権を掌握していた者が領家などであったとしても本所と呼ばれていた。
- However, even other lords of the manor, such as the ryoke, were also called honjo when they actually assumed the authority of administration and administration of justice at their shoen, or in other words, the right to assert Shomu.
- その際、上記の建て替え予算案を提出する用意があり、吉田寮が立て替えを受諾するか否か、その回答期限が10月23日であると告げる。
- In these meeting, they informed that the student center was prepared to submit the budget for reconstruction, and requested Yoshida dormitory to reply by October 23 whether or not it would accept the reconstruction.
- 清和源氏は源満仲以来、藤原北家(摂関家)の家司として代々仕え、同家による他氏排斥の際には藤原北家の家司として積極的に関与した。
- Since the time of MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka, Seiwa-Genji served for generations as keishi of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan (regent family) and actively participated in tashihaiseki (expulsion of other clans from the Imperial Court) by the clan.
- 秦氏は聖徳太子とも関わりがあったらしく、のちの山背大兄王が蘇我氏に攻められた際には、彼に太秦に避難するよう進言する者があった。
- The Hata clan seems to have a relationship with Prince Shotoku; he was advised to escape to Uzumasa when Yamashiro-no-one was attacked by the Soga clan.
- 出自については、藤原秀郷の末裔波多野氏の一族であるとも相模国の御家人の出とも言われ、実際系図が何通りもあり定説化されていない。
- Its origin is said to be either a family of the Hatano clan, a descendant of FUJIWARA no Hidesato or a Gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods)in Sagami Province, and in fact, they had several family trees and there is no accepted theory about it.
- この際、「左京区粟田口」として存続していた区域は粟田口大日山町、粟田口山下町、粟田口入会山町、粟田口如意ケ嶽町の4町となった。
- Simultaneously, the area which survived as 'Awataguchi, Sakyo Ward' was divided into the following four towns: Awataguchi Dainichiyama-cho, Awataguchi Yamashita-cho, Awataguchi Iriaiyama-cho and Awataguchi Nyoigatake-cho.
- ちなみに飾り物の「左近の桜、右近の橘」での桜は天皇の左側になり、これは宮中の紫宸殿の敷地に実際に植えてある樹木の並びでもある。
- Incidentally, the cherry tree decorations 'the cherry tree on the left and the tachibana orange on the right' are placed to the left side of the emperor, the position of which matches that of the actual trees planted in the property of the Shishinden (the Throne Hall) in the imperial court.
- 清光は逸見(へみ)姓を名乗り武田を称した形跡は無いが、義清の孫にあたる武田信義は元服の際に武田八幡宮において武田を称したという。
- Kiyomitsu called himself Hemi, not Takeda, but Nobuyoshi TAKEDA, a grandson of Yoshikiyo, called himself Takeda when he celebrated his coming of age at Takeda Hachiman-gu Shrine.
- 幕末の藤波教忠(従二位・神祇大副)(1823年-1891年)は、日米修好通商条約の勅許の際、88人の公卿とともに強硬に反対した。
- When the Imperial sanction for the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan was given, Noritada FUJINAMI in the last days of Tokugawa shogunate, (Junii (Junior Second Rank), Jingi taifu) (1823 - 1891) strongly opposed it with eighty-eight court nobles.
- 実際、藤原京・平城京の発掘調査から多数の木簡が出土しており、これら木簡のほとんどは都に税として納められた物品を示す記述であった。
- In fact, many mokkan were discovered from excavation research of the Fujiwara-kyo (the Fujiwara Palace; the ancient capital of Fujiwara) and Heijo-kyo, and the statements on those mokkan indicated the commodities were mostly paid to the capital as a tax.
- 『高橋氏文』には始祖の磐鹿六雁命(いわむつかりのみこと)が死去した際に、「稚桜部」(わかさくらべ)の号が送られたとの記述がある。
- 'Takahashi uji bumi' described when Iwamutsukarinomikoto, the founder died, the pen name of 'Wakasakurabe' was given.
- 両親王とも、皇位を継承する可能性があったが、当時の持明院統と大覚寺統の両統迭立の情勢に翻弄され、実際には皇位に就く事がなかった。
- Both Princes had the possibility to succeed to the throne, however the situation was tossed about by the Ryoto Tetsuritsu (sharing Imperial succession) between the Jimyo-in Imperial line and the Daikakuji Imperial line, and they did not have the chance to become Emperors after all.
- その際、元弘の変に関与していない大覚寺統嫡流の邦良親王家との両統迭立を求める鎌倉幕府の意向によって康仁親王が皇太子に立てられた。
- On this occasion, Imperial Prince Yasuhito was installed as the Crown Prince by the intention of Kamakura bakufu who was demanding an alternate accedence from two ancestries of the Imperial Families including the family of Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi, the main branch of Daikakuji-to those who were not involved in the Genko Incident.
- 武芸・武力を家業とする兵の家が軍事貴族へと発展し、地方官(受領)として赴任した際に現地の富豪百姓らとゆるやかな主従関係を結んだ。
- The Army clan which worked for military arts and force as a family business, developed into military nobles, and they established a gradual relation of master and servant with the local rich farmers when they transferred as a local official (Zuryo).
- 寺院内部においても大衆_(寺院)が寺院内外の重要決定をする際に評定が召集され、寺院の年始の行事の一環として評定始が開かれていた。
- Daishu (a group of monks) were convened to hold hyojo to decide important matters in and around a temple, and hyojohajime was one of the ceremonies of the temple in the New Year.
- 当時、天皇の代替わりの際に「新政」として荘園整理令が出されたり、また、国衙が荘園を認めずに公領へ編入しようとすることが多かった。
- At that time, Manor Regulation Acts were often enforced as 'a new government' when a new emperor ascended the throne, and the kokuga, who did not admit the shoen, often tried to incorporate the shoen into koryo (an Imperial demesne).
- 日露戦争の際、そのほとんどの船がここから出港したことは有名で、シベリア抑留等からの引き揚げの際も多数の船が舞鶴港に帰港している。
- It is well known that most ships set sail from this port during the Russo-Japanese War, and many repatriation ships from Siberia returned home at this port.
- 出羽南遷前の安藤康季は若狭国羽賀寺の再建に際して奥州十三湊日之本将軍と称し、天皇もその呼称を認めていたということが知られている。
- It is known that the time before the provincial capital relocation to the south in Dewa Province, Yasusue ANDO reconstructed the Haga-ji Temple in Wakasa Province, and he proclaimed himself Oshu Tosaminato Hinomoto Shogun (general of Tosaminato, Oshu Province, Japan), and the emperor also permitted him to use the denomination.
- この際、「大字下山田」として存続していた区域は下山田上園生町、下山田下園生町、下山田丁塚町、下山田地蔵山町、山田嵐山町となった。
- At this time, the area of 'Oaza Shimoyamada' became the new towns of Shimoyamada Kamisoucho, Shimoyamada Shimosoucho, Shimoyamada Teizukacho, Shimoyamada Jizoyamacho and Yamada Arashiyama-cho.
- その象徴的出来事は明治5年(1872年)の学制発布の際、時の政府が「和算を廃止し、洋算を専ら用ふるべし。」と決断したことである。
- A symbolic event of such a decline was when the government at that time issued the proclamation of education in 1872 and declared that 'wasan should be abolished and we should practice only yosan.'
- 国際連合平和維持活動で派遣された自衛隊員、災害救助にあたった自衛隊員に対する接見はすでに行なっていたが、これは異例のことであった。
- While the Emperor had already received the members of Self Defense Forces dispatched for the United Nations' peacekeeping operations and those engaged in disaster relief works, it was unprecedented that the Emperor received the members of Self Defense Forces dispatched to a battlefield.
- 近代では裕仁親王(昭和天皇)立太子に際し、蜷飾り6色の赤色扇が調進されたが、戦後の明仁親王(今上天皇)立太子以後は例がないらしい。
- As a case after the Meiji period, a red fan with six-colored nina decoration was supplied for the investiture of the Crown Prince Hirohito (Emperor Showa), but there is no instance after the investiture of the Crown Prince Akihito (the present Emperor).
- なお、『栄花物語』では頼通が三条天皇から内親王降嫁の話を持ちかけられた際、隆姫の行く末を案じた具平親王の怨霊が現れたと伝えている。
- In addition, 'Eiga monogatari' describes when Emperor Sanjo approached Yorimichi with a marriage plan for the imperial princess with a vassal, a ghost of Imperial Prince Tomohira appeared because he was worried about the future of Takahime.
- 内親王が斎宮に卜定された際にも野宮まで行幸し(天皇の野宮行幸はこの白河天皇の例のみである)、斎宮退下の後には堀河天皇の后に立てた。
- The Emperor accompanied the Imperial Princess to go to Nonomiya (the temporary palace for purification) when the Princess was appointed to become Saigu by fortune telling, (there was no other record in the history about an Emperor going to Nonimiya, apart from Emperor Shirakawa) after the Princess resigned from the position of Saigu, she was appointed as Emperor Horikawa's Empress.
- 門弟の筆頭格が芝山持豊であったが、彼が本居宣長に傾倒していたことは、宣長が少なからぬ公家と交際するようになったことの一因であろう。
- The first on the list of the Emperor's disciples was Mochitoyo SHIBAYAMA, he was a supporter of Norinaga MOTOORI, and Norinaga had relationship with the court nobles due to this background.
- 即位の前日に危篤の後桃園天皇の養子になる(実際にはすでに後桃園天皇は崩御しており、空位をさけるために発表されていなかったという)。
- He was adopted by Emperor Gomomozono, who was in critical condition, a day before he was enthroned (it has been said that Emperor Gomomozono had already died, but that wasn't verified because there was an interregnum period).
- 母は太政大臣征夷大将軍徳川秀忠の娘、東福門院徳川和子(かずこ、入内の際に濁音発音を嫌う宮廷風習にならい「まさこ」と読みを変える)。
- Her mother was the Grand Minister and a seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Hidetada TOKUGAWA's daughter, Tofukumon-in Kazuko TOKUGAWA. (When she entered the Imperial Palace, her name, Kazuko was changed to Masako as her original name was not a preferred one under Palace customs.)
- この時期からは、従来あまり顧みられていなかった民俗学や文化人類学などの成果を歴史学へ学際的に反映させる試みが積極的に行われている。
- Stating in this era, the attempts to reflect folklore and cultural anthropology, which had been little considered until then, in history academically have become active.
- 国際連盟を脱退し、日本はドイツ、イタリアのファシスト政権と日独伊三国同盟結び、第二次世界大戦(太平洋戦争・大東亜戦争)に突入した。
- Withdrawing from the League of Nations, Japan allied itself with the fascist government of Germany and that of Italy (the alliance of Japan, Germany, and Italy) and entered World War II (the Pacific War/the Greater East Asian War).
- 当時、天皇の代替わりの際に「新政」として荘園整理令が出されたり、また、国衙が荘園を認めずに国衙領へ編入しようとすることが多かった。
- At that time, Manor Regulation Acts were often ordered by a 'new government' upon the change of the emperors, and also in many cases, kokuga did not authorize the ownership of shoen and incorporated them into Kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office).
- 以上の記号は、地上実況気象通報式などの形式に変換され、国際的に気象情報を交換する気象通報式として各観測地点から世界中に送信される。
- The above symbols are converted to a format, such as surface synoptic observations, and are transmitted globally from observation points in the meteorological data format for exchanging such data internationally.
- 当初は職住一体の街を計画していたが、実際には大阪市や京都市の都心に働きに行く人が多く、両市へのベッドタウンの傾向が強くなっている。
- Initially, it was planned that people working in the city would also be able to live there, but in reality, commuters to Osaka City or Kyoto City are on the rise, resulting in a bedroom community for both cities.
- 10代菊池武房は文永の役・弘安の役に際して、鎌倉幕府から博多に召集され、一族郎党を率いて元 (王朝)軍と戦闘を交え敵を討ち取った。
- The 10th head, Takefusa KIKUCHI was called from the Kamakura bakufu to be Hakata to participate in Bunei War and Koan War, and fought against the army of Yuan leading the whole family and defeated the enemy.
- この際、「大字上賀茂」として存続していた区域は上賀茂深泥御用谷町、上賀茂深泥白木山町、上賀茂深泥西山町、上賀茂深泥山神町となった。
- At the same time the area that had remained as 'Oaza Kamigamo' was reorganized into Kamigamo Midoro-goyodani-cho, Kamigamo Midoro-shirakiyama-cho, Kamigamo Midoro-nishiyama-cho and Kamigamo Midoro-yamagami-cho.
- 実際には古来から兄弟間での天皇位の相続は一般的であり、それについて弓削皇子が葛野王に問いかけようとした矢先、葛野王は弓削皇子を一喝。
- Actually, the succession of the imperial throne between brothers was common from ancient time, and when Yuge no miko was going to ask Kado no okimi about this, Kado no okimi scolded loudly Yuge no miko.
- 皇子は蘇我馬子と物部守屋との合戦の際には崇峻天皇(崇峻天皇)、厩戸皇子(聖徳太子)、難波皇子、春日皇子と共に馬子側について従軍した。
- Takeda no miko joined Umako side at the battle between SOGA no Umako and MONONOBE no Moriya, fought with the Emperor Sushun, the Prince Umayado (Prince Shotoku), the Prince Naniwa and Kasuga no Miko.
- 707年文武天皇大葬の際、舎人親王と共に皇太子聖武天皇(のちの聖武天皇)の補佐を命ぜられ、両親王の内舎人・大舎人・衛士が増員される。
- As he was assigned to support the Crown Prince Shomu (later the Emperor Shomu) with the Imperial Prince Toneri at the imperial funeral of the Emperor Monmu in 707, the number of Central Secretariat officers, Royal attendants and guards of both the imperial princes were increased.
- 鎌倉時代中期、第8代宇都宮貞綱は元寇の際、鎌倉幕府による討伐軍の総大将として九州に赴き、これに勝利すると鎌倉幕府引付衆に任じられた。
- In the mid Kamakura period, the eighth family head, Sadatsuna UTSUNOMIYA went to the Kyushu region as the supreme commander of the Kamakura bakufu forces when Mongol invaded Japan and after the victory over Mongol, he was appointed to Hikitsukeshu (Coadjustor of the High Court) of the Kamakura bakufu.
- また板垣退助も華族制度は四民平等に反するという主張を持っており、明治20年(1887年)に伯爵に叙された際も2度にわたって辞退した。
- Taisuke ITAGAKI had the opinion that the kazoku system was against the concept of 'equality of all people,' and refused two times the offer of conferring the peerage of Hakusahaku in 1887.
- しかし、1412年に称光天皇が即位するに際して迭立再開の条件は撤回されることとなり、後小松天皇の直系子孫による皇位継承が宣言された。
- However after Emperor Shoko succeeded to the throne in 1412, the agreement to restart sharing the Imperial throne was cancelled, there was a declaration for Emperor Gokomatsu's direct descendants to succeed to the throne.
- 旧皇室令が廃止された際、宮内庁は内部通牒を出し、戦後明文の規定がなくなった事項についても旧皇室令に準じて実施することを確認している。
- When the former Imperial Household Orders were abolished, the Imperial Household Agency issued an internal notification in order to ensure that issues that lost explicit provisions after the war would be enforced according to the former Imperial Household Orders.
- しかし総数の1%程度の被害で和平を受け入れるとは考えにくく、敗戦と自ら明記していることからも、実際の被害はもっと多かったと思われる。
- But as this would amount to only about 1% of their total force, it is difficult to imagine why the Korean army would have made peace, leading some to suspect that actual casualties were much higher, a possibility reinforced by the Korean's own records clearly indicate that this invasion was a defeat.
- 実際に事案が発生した際は、侍所・六波羅の命を受けた当該国の守護が現地で紛争をおさめ、守護は経過を侍所などへ報告することとされていた。
- In the event of the occurrence of a dispute, shugo (provincial constable) of the state had to settle the dispute at the site under the direction of Samurai-dokoro or Rokuhara Tandai and report the results to Samurai-dokoro, etc.
- 長州藩においては死罪相当の罪を犯した際に切腹が許されず、磔にされると定められており、犯罪行為の処罰についても武士とは区別されていた。
- In the Choshu Domain, ashigaru who committed capital crimes were not permitted to commit seppuku (ritual suicide by disembowelment) but were ordained to be crucified, so they were even differentiated from samurai with regard to criminal punishment.
- このため、古い史跡や町並み、文化などが数多く存在することから、日本で有数の観光都市・国際観光文化都市であり、国内外から旅行客が多い。
- Therefore, Kyoto City still has a wealth of old historic sites, old streets and culture, making it one of the major tourist cities and centers of international tourism and culture for people from around the world.
- テレビなどメディア (媒体)の影響もあり、国際的に活躍する日本人の有名料理人(スターシェフ、Star Chef)も多数出現している。
- Affected by media, such as TV, as well, many internationally active Japanese star chefs have appeared.
- 理由は書紀に明記されないが、敵味方不明の地を行く際に、少年だった大津皇子の存在を隠し、従う者の誰かが山部王らの名を騙った可能性がある。
- No reason is mentioned in Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), but it is possible that the Prince Otsu's followers hid the Prince Otsu's identify because he was a minor, and a follower falsely called himself as Yamabe no Okimi since they could not identify friend or foe.
- No reason mentioned in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), but it is possible that the Prince Otsu's followers hid the Prince Otsu's identity, and someone pretended to be Yamabe no Okimi, since entering the areas they could not identify friend or foe.
- 捺す際は、国立印刷局特製の朱肉を用いて、曲がったりずれたりしないように、かつ御名の端に少しかかるように専用の定規(印矩)を当て捺印す。
- It is used with the vermilion ink-pad specially manufactured by the National Printing Bureau and a special ruler (Inku) designed to avoid twisting and misalignment, which also ensures that the seal is placed slightly over the edge of the Emperor's name.
- また、異母姉で弘文天皇妃の十市皇女が急死した際に情熱的な挽歌を詠んだために、この二人が恋人同士か夫婦であったのではないかとの説もある。
- Furthermore, since Prince Takechi dedicated a passionate Banka (Elegy) when Tochi no Himemiko, his older paternal half-sister and wife of Emperor Kobun suddenly died, some say that this couple was possibly the lovers or husband and wife.
- しかし、実際に皇位継承できる皇子はごく少数に限られ、平安前期から中期にかけて、皇位継承の道を閉ざされた皇族が多数発生することとなった。
- However there were a few Princes eligible to succeed to the throne, many Princes were not able to become Emperors from early to Middle Heian period.
- なお、古事記、日本書紀の系譜記事には造作が多く、大王との婚姻譚の記載のない「オオキサキ」については、実際には姉妹等である可能性がある。
- There are many articles of genealogy in 'Kojiki' and 'Nihon Shoki' that were created and it is possible that 'Okisaki' who do not have 'konintan' (tales of marriages) with the 'Okimi' were actually sisters.
- これを知った尼子勢は毛利勢を食い止める為、末次城に尼子勝久を残して石見路から月山富田城に行く際に通る布部山で毛利を食い止める事とした。
- As the Amago army became aware of their movements, they decided to have Katsuhisa AMAGO stay at Suetsugu-jo Castle and stop Mori in Fubeyama, while they would go through and reach Gassantoda-jo Castle from Iwamiji Road.
- 明治41年、乱橋村と材木座村が合併した際に、もともとこの地にあった三島神社に村内の八雲神社、諏訪神社、視女社、金毘羅宮を合祀したもの。
- In the merging of Ranbashi-mura Village and Zaimoku-za Village in 1908, Yagumo-Jinja Shrine, Suwa-jinja Shrine, Mirume-sha Shrine, and Konpira-gu Shrine in the villages were merged and enshrined together into the Mishima-jinja Shrine.
- 南北朝時代の1348年に南朝の本拠地である吉野が陥落した際に、後村上天皇が賀名生(現在の五條市西吉野町)に入り、一時期南朝が置かれた。
- When Yoshino, the base of the Southern Court surrendered in 1348 in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, the Emperor Gomurakami entered Ano (currently Nishiyoshino Town, Gojo City) and the Southern Court was placed temporarily.
- 同じ街道上に隣接して京見峠があり、上洛する際には最後の難関である京見峠の前の坂ということで、この前坂という名がついたという伝承がある。
- Kyomi-toge Pass is adjacent in the same road and a lore says Maesaka Pass (literally, previous pass) was named after the fact that it is located just before Kyomi-toge Pass, the last chokepoint to Kyoto.
- 国民の叡智とたゆみない努力によって、我が国が一層の発展を遂げ、国際社会の友好と平和、人類の福祉と繁栄に寄与することを切に希望いたします。
- I eagerly hope that our country accomplishes further development and contributes to the friendship and peace of the international society and the welfare and prosperity of human beings by our people's wisdom and persistent efforts.
- 成人男性用の場合は三重白糸綴じ、女性の場合は五重色糸綴じの扇を用いたが、偶数を嫌って実際は1橋分減らしたり増やすなどして奇数にしていた。
- Adult men used three-layered fan with white binding string, while women used five-layered fan with colored binding string; actually, however, even numbers were regarded as ominous and people used fans with odd numbers of slates by adding or omitting one slate.
- 三河一向一揆に生き残った一族の渡辺守綱は、一揆鎮圧後も許されて家康に仕え、1590年、関東入国に際して武蔵国比企郡に3千石を与えられた。
- Moritsuna WATANABE, a survivor of the Mikawa Ikko Ikki, who received a pardon from a Ieyasu after the suppression of the uprising and served him, was given the territory of 3,000 koku crop yields in Hiki County, Musashi Province when he entered the Kanto region in 1590.
- 本来は単なる宮中行事の席次表であったが、内閣総理大臣臨時代理を設ける際に宮中席次最高位の閣僚が務めるなど、政治的意味も持つようになった。
- Originally, it was just an order of precedence at the court functions but later it started to have political meanings in events that the top Cabinet member serve as the Acting Prime Minister.
- なお、実際の崩御は「7月29日午後10時43分頃」と言われているが、宮内省告示に拠る崩御日時は「7月30日午前0時43分」となっている。
- The actual time and date of his death was said to be 'on July 29, around 10 o'clock forty three minutes in the afternoon,' however the officially announced date and time by the Department of the Imperial Household was 'on July 30, twelve o'clock forty three minutes in the morning.'
- この際、神八井耳は恐怖で手足が震えおののいて矢を放てず、代わりに神渟名川耳が矢を射て殺したとされる(己卯年(紀元前582年?)11月)。
- It is said that, when they attacked, the hands and feet of Kamuyaimimi-no-mikoto trembled with fear and he could not shoot off any arrows and, instead, Kamununakawamimi-no-mikoto shot and killed Tagishimimi-no-mikoto (November 582 B.C.?).
- しかし、これらの荘園整理令に際し、公領と荘園を識別して一国平均役を課することを容易にするため、荘園を一つの領域に統合する措置が行われた。
- However, following these orders, the government took measures to integrate shoen into one domain in an attempt to differentiate between koryo and shoen, facilitating the levy of Ikkoku heikinyaku.
- 一揆の盟約を結ぶに際しては、神前で宣言内容や罰則などを記す起請文を書いて誓約を行い、紙を焼いた灰を飲む一味神水と呼ばれる儀式が行われた。
- To conclude an ikki, a rite called Ichimi Shinsui (one taste of the gods' water) would be held, during which the members would make a written and spoken vow, after which they would drink, before the gods, the ashes of the document in which they had written their declaration and the penalties to which they would be subject should they fail to honor the ikki.
- 1973年に大迫ダムが完成した際に温泉はダムに沈んだが、その後ボーリングによって源泉を掘り当て、山鳩湯旅館が営業を始めて温泉は復活した。
- The hot spring sank under water when the construction of Osako dam was completed in 1973, but the hot spring revived later in Yamabatoyu Ryokan Inn when the source was struck by boring.
- 旧字体の簡素化が推奨される時代であった1957年の市制施行の際も、初代市長である山本米三は表記を「五條市」として国及び県に申請している。
- Even at the time of the enforcement of the municipal organization in 1957, when they had been advocating a simplification of old form of Chinese characters, the first mayor, Yonezo YAMAMOTO applied for a description of '五條 City' to the nation and the prefecture.
- 大田南畝が琵琶湖を訪れた際、近江八景8つすべてを31文字の歌の中に入れて詠んだら籠代をただにしてやると籠屋に問われ歌ってみせたとされる。
- It is said that when Nanpo OTA visited Lake Biwa, he was offered that if he could make a tanka containing all eight views of Omihakkei into thirty-one words, he could get a basket free of charge from an owner of a basket shop, then, he made it.
- 柳原町が下京区に編入された際、「東七条」を冠称する8町と「柳原」を冠称する2町の計10町が設定されたが、後者は現在、東山区に属している。
- When Yanagihara-cho was incorporated into Shimogyo Ward, total 10 towns; eight towns with prefix 'Higashi Shichijo' and two towns with prefix 'Yanagihara,' were established, but the latter currently belong to Higashiyama Ward.
- この際、「左京区浄土寺」として存続していた区域は「浄土寺」を冠称する6町(打越町、広帖町、提灯山町、七廻り町、小山町、大山町)となった。
- Simultaneously, the area which survived as 'Jodoji, Sakyo Ward' was divided into six towns broadly designated 'Jodoji' (Jodoji Uchikoshi-cho, Jodoji Kocho-cho, Jodoji Chochinyama-cho, Jodoji Nanamawari-cho, Jodoji Koyama-cho and Jodoji Oyama-cho).
- なお、あんパンの上に振りかけてある粒状のものはゴマと誤解されがちだが、実際はケシの実(ポピーの種)である(芽が出ないように炒ってある)。
- The grain that is sprinkled on anpan is often mistaken as sesame seeds, when in fact they are poppy seeds (they are lightly roasted to keep them from sprouting).
- 前述のように、実際には外戚の豊臣氏族(高台院側の血筋である木下家)が健在であったので、豊臣氏自体は江戸時代を通じて大名として存続している。
- As mentioned above, the Toyotomi clan of the maternal relative lineage (the Kinoshita family line of the Kodaiin side) was not destroyed and the Toyotomi clan itself, therefore, continued through the Edo period as a daimyo.
- さらに、慶応4年/明治元年(1867年)には、東征大総督に任じられた有栖川宮熾仁親王が東征に際して明治天皇から錦の御旗と節刀を授けられた。
- In 1867, the Emperor Meiji granted the Impeiral standard (made of gold brocade) and Setto to Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito who was appointed to Tosei-daisotoku (great general) for a military expedition to the east.
- 弘安8年(1285年)8月、後二条天皇准母として皇后に冊立(尊称皇后、ただし実際は後二条天皇は生後間もなく立太子もしていないので誤りか)。
- In August, 1285, she was formally proclaimed Empress as junbo (a woman who was given the status equivalent to the emperor's mother) of Emperor Gonijo (Sonsho Kogo, an empress who was not actually the spouse of an emperor but given only the honorific title, however, this may not be true because this was too soon after the birth of Gonijo and the emperor was not formally installed as Crown Prince).
- 戦国時代 (日本)は下位の者が上位者に取って代わる下克上の時代とされているが、実際にはかなりの守護大名が戦国大名への転身を遂げたのである。
- The Sengoku period is said to have been the era of Gekokujo, in which the inferiors overthrew their superiors, but in fact a considerable number of shugo daimyo managed to become Sengoku daimyo.
- なお、堺で討たれたと言う伝説も存在し、堺市内の南宗寺には彼の名前が刻まれた墓が現存するが、実はこれは後の大坂の役の際に生まれた伝説である。
- However, there is a legend that Ieyasu was killed in Sakai and, in Nanshu-ji Temple in Sakai City, there exists a tombstone inscribed with his name, but this is a legend created later at the time of Osaka no Eki (the siege of Osaka).
- これに直接的な関連は無いが、1990年代前半に地方分権法案が審議され日本の遷都が検討された際に、仙台市も首都候補都市として挙げられていた。
- Irrelevant of this directly, Sendai City was named as one of the candidates for the capital when the draft 'law of decentralization of authority' was deliberated and the transfer of the capital in Japan was examined in the early 1990's.
- 撰銭(えりぜに、えりせん、せんせん)とは、日本の中世後期において、支払決済の際に、劣悪な銭貨(鐚銭・悪銭とも)を忌避・排除したことをいう。
- Erizeni (also called erisen or sensen) indicates the act of not accepting low-quality coins (called bitasen coins or akusen coins) in payments, carried out in the latter half of the medieval period in Japan.
- ほとんどの守護は、幕府の枢要メンバーとして京都もしくは鎌倉に常住しており、実際の領国経営は、直属家臣や国人層から選んだ守護代に任せていた。
- Most shugo were permanently stationed in Kyoto or Kamakura as key members of bakufu, leaving the actual territory management to the shugo-dai (deputy of shugo), who were selected from vassals under the direct supervision of shugo and the kokujin stratum.
- 従前、解由状を必要とするのは国司だけだったが、内官(京都の各官職)も交替の際には解由状の発給が必要となり、勘解由使の監査対象に加えられた。
- Although formerly a geyujo was necessitated for kokushi alone, naikan (government officials in Kyoto) as well became necessary to have a geyujo issued when they left their positions, and became audited by kageyushi as well.
- また埠頭から高速道路へ直接アクセスできる国道27号バイパス「西舞鶴道路」も計画中であり、国際物流港としての重要性がますます高まりつつある。
- In addition, 'Nishi-maizuru Road,' which is a bypass of the National Route 27 is also being planned, and thereby the port is enhancing its importance as an international logistic port.
- 「雄琴国際ホテルきくのや」は「暖灯館きくのや」に、「國華荘」は「びわ湖花街道」に、「ロイヤルホテル雄山荘」は「里湯昔話雄山荘」に改称した。
- 'Ogoto International Hotel Kikunoya (雄琴国際ホテルきくのや)' became 'Dantokan Kikunoya (暖灯館きくのや),' 'Kokkaso (國華荘)' became 'Biwako Hanakaido (びわ湖花街道),' and 'Royal Hotel Yuzanso (ロイヤルホテル雄山荘)' became 'Satoyu mukashibanashi Yuzanso (里湯昔話雄山荘).'
- 日本でおこなわれる競技は、国際ルールと同じ射距離50メートルで「日本公式種子島標的(黒点径40cm)」を使用する「長筒立射」「長筒膝射」。
- The match in Japan uses 'Japan official Tanegashima target (the target diameter is 40 cm)' whose shooting distance is 50 meters, same as international rules, which is called 'standing shooting with a long arm gun,' 'kneeling shooting with a long barrel.'
- 平成13年(2001年)のアメリカ同時多発テロに際してジェームズ・ベーカー駐日アメリカ大使を通じてブッシュ大統領に見舞いの言葉を贈っている。
- When September 11 attacks struck at the United States of America in 2001, he sent his sympathies to U.S. President George W. Bush through the U.S. Ambassador to Japan, James Baker.
- その際直弼が「千吾」を「千五郎」と聞き誤るということがあり、それをきっかけに千五郎に改名したという話があるが、これは後世創作された話である。
- On that occasion, there was a story that Sengo changed his name to Sengoro because Naosuke misheard Sengo as Sengoro, but this was a story that was created later.
- なお、天皇急逝のため、後継の準備の為に実際よりも後の日付で発表されたため、在位日が死亡後も続いている(宮内庁所蔵「後桃園院御凶事前後記」)。
- Since the Emperor died suddenly, it was counted later than the actual date that he died while preparing to succeed to the Imperial throne, the period of his era continued after he died (The collections of the Imperial Household Agency, 'The record of the death of Gomomozonoin').
- 北朝は京都を奪還するものの、南朝方が撤退する際に北朝の光厳天皇(父)、光明天皇(叔父)、崇光天皇(兄)及び皇太子の直仁親王を吉野へ連行する。
- When the Northern Court recaptured Kyoto, the Southern Court evacuated and Emperor Kogon (father), Emperor Komyo (uncle), Emperor Suko (brother) and Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Naohito were taken away to Yoshino.
- 正長の土一揆では室町幕府から正式な徳政令は出なかったものの、嘉吉の徳政一揆に際しては幕府から正式にな徳政令(嘉吉の徳政令)の発布が行われる。
- The peasant uprising in the Shocho era did not lead to an official Order for the Acts of Virtuous Government from the Muromachi bakufu, however the Tokusei Uprising in the Kakitsu era led to an official Order for the Acts of Virtuous Government from the bakufu (the Order for the Acts of Virtuous Government in Kakitsu era).
- 「五番町」の町名の由来は安土・桃山時代、豊臣秀吉が聚楽第を築城する際、かつて平安宮が存在し野原と化した「内野」を開発し武家地として整備した。
- The Heian-kyu Palace once stood here, but the palace site, known as 'Uchino,' was overgrown with weeds, and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, developed and improved Uchino when he built Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's residence and office in Kyoto) near the area, as the samurai residence in the Azuchi Momoyama period, creating the origin of 'Goban-cho.'
- 法として機能し始めたのは「新選組」と名を改め近藤・土方を中心とする組織が整ってからで、伊東甲子太郎ら一派の粛清の際にも適用されたといわれる。
- The rules started to function as law when Roshi-gumi changed its name to 'Shinsen-gumi,' and the organization lead by KONDO/HIJIKATA had been well-established, and are said to have been applied when Kinetaro ITO and his group were purged.
- 後冷泉天皇の皇后藤原寛子は後冷泉の2人目の皇后であったが、立后に際しては1人目の皇后章子内親王がそのまま中宮にとどまり、寛子は皇后宮とされた。
- Empress of Emperor Goreizei, FUJIWARA no Kanshi, was the second empress of Goreizei, and when she became an empress, Kanshi was called Kisai no miya and the first empress Imperial Princess Shoshi stayed as chugu.
- (一般的には有世をもって土御門家の初代とするが、実際には室町時代中期以後の南北朝時代の当主安倍有宣から土御門の家名を名乗ったといわれている)。
- (Ariyo is generally considered to be the first head of the Tsuchimikado family, but it is said that, in fact, the family name of Tsuchimikado started to be used during the times of ABE no Arinobu the family head during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts subsequent to the middle of the Muromachi period.)
- 天正13年(1585年)、家康が上洛した際に親具もこれに従って帰京したが、この時家康の計らいで親具に堀河の家号が与えられて新家創設が許された。
- In 1585, Michitomo went back to his hometown as Ieyasu was officially called to Kyoto, and he was given the family name Horikawa and allowed to found a new family upon the recommendation of Ieyasu.
- 当初は「有世一代」限りの公卿という条件であったものの、実際には有世の晩年に足利義満が有世の長年の功労に報いて嫡男の安倍有盛を公卿に昇進させた。
- At first, it was supposed to be only Ariyo and no other descendant of his that was allowed to have the position of Kugyo, but in Ariyo's last days, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA promoted ABE no Arimori, Ariyo's heir, to Kugyo to pay respect to Ariyo's long-time service.
- 王族の国際結婚が盛んで、父が他国の王族であっても血縁は繋がっていることが多かったため、女系による王朝交代が円滑に行なわれたのだとする説もある。
- There is a theory that Royal Families are connected by blood even if his/her father is a royal family member from another country; international marriage between Royal Families was common, for that reason, female-line dynasty change was smooth.
- 皇位を巡る争いとは生涯無縁であったが、学識豊かで楽才にも優れた風流人であり、父醍醐天皇は崩御の間際に重明親王を代明親王共々召して遺詔を託した。
- He never had any disputes over the imperial throne, but he had made great attainments and had refined taste and excellent musical talent, so his father, Emperor Daigo, left him a will in the presence of both Imperial Prince Shigeakira and Imperial Prince Yoshiakira during the Emperor's last moment.
- 忠実が白河院によって罷免された際、後任としてその長男忠通が就いたが、鳥羽院政が開始すると忠実は内覧に復し、忠通の関白は有名無実のものとなった。
- When Tadazane's position was taken away from the Retired Emperor Shirakawa, Tadazane's eldest son, Tadamichi took the position as a successor, however when the Retired Emperor Toba started his cloister government, Tadazane became Nairan, thus, Tadamichi's position as the Chancellor had no significant meaning.
- 和宮は「空蝉の 唐織り衣 なにかせん あやも錦も 君ありてこそ」の和歌を添えその西陣織を増上寺に奉納、のちに年忌の際、袈裟として仕立てられた。
- Kazunomiya gave the Nishijin brocade with the following poem to the Zojo-ji Temple, and later the Nishijin brocade was made into Kesa (an oblong piece of ornamental cloth worn over the robe by a Buddhist priest) on the anniversary, 'Even though I have this gorgeous Nishijin brocade Kimono, I would enjoy wearing it if you are still alive.'
- 仁治3年(1242年)1月9日 (旧暦)四条天皇崩御の際、天皇は僅か12歳での崩御であった為皇太子が定まっておらず後継者選定に時間がかかった。
- Because Emperor Shijo had died on February 10, 1242 at the age of only 12, a crown prince hadn't yet been selected, so the choice of a successor took considerable time.
- 後醍醐との不和は、討幕戦争の際に討幕の綸旨を出した後醍醐を差し置いて令旨を発したことに始まると言われ、皇位簒奪は濡れ衣であると考えられている。
- The dispute with Godaigo was said to have been originated from the order issued by Morinaga ignoring Godaigo who also had issued a rinji (the Emperor's command) to topple the bakufu in the anti-shogunate war, therefore, the plot to deprive the imperial throne was not true.
- 1331年の元弘の乱の際は、後醍醐天皇の綸旨が八条院領荘園に伝えられ、八条院(安楽寿院)領足利庄の足利尊氏の挙兵の契機の一つとなったとされる。
- In the Genko Incident in 1331, Emperor Godaigo's edict was delivered across the shoen of the Hachijoin-ryo, and this is believed to have been one of the reasons Takauji ASHIKAGA in the Ashikaga-no-sho district in the territory of Hachijoin (the Anrakuju-in Temple) raised an army.
- また、百姓、町人などは表向きは苗字を持たないことになっていたが、実際には江戸時代以前から伝えられた名字を私称していたケースも多々見受けられる。
- Although persons like merchants or farmers were not allowed officially to possess their family names, there were many examples where family names handed down from the era before the Edo period were used privately.
- この部隊の指揮官であった海軍少佐野中五郎は、鹿屋市基地を出撃する際に、「これは湊川だよ(湊川の戦いのようなものだよ)」と呟いたと言われている。
- During an attack on the Kanoya Base, it is said that the unit's commander, Lieutenant Commander Goro NONAKA, muttered the words 'This is Minatogawa' (meaning that the situation resembled the Battle of Minatogawa).
- 現在、平成20年初頭の完成を目指して、国際多目的ターミナル・和田埠頭(仮称)が建設中で、埠頭完成時には5万トン級のフルコンテナ船が就航できる。
- Wada Wharf, a multi-purpose international terminal (tentative name) is under construction with aims to be completed early 2008; the wharf, when completed, will enable full-scale container ships in the 50,000 ton class to berth.
- なお、現在、名所・旧跡に立てられている案内碑は、そのほとんどが明治維新後に推定で置かれたものであり、必ずしも、実際の所在地と一致はしていない。
- Since the majority of the current information plaques for famous places and historic sites were installed based on assumptions after the Meiji Restoration, they do not necessarily correspond to the actual locations.
- 名前の由来は盆地であるこの地域の、峠と反対側の尾根から山際を眺めた際、この峠の尾根がV字に凹んでおり、これを狭間と呼んだとの伝承が残っている。
- According to lore, its name is derived from the fact that at one time, its ridge had a deep sag which was called 'Hazama' when it was viewed from the opposite ridge in the basin region.
- 近江進攻軍とともにあり、指揮の実際は諸将に委ねたとみるのが自然だが、なお和蹔にあってさらに遠方から来る軍を受け入れたとみることも不可能ではない。
- While it would be natural to understand that he was with the advancing troops upon Omi and put the actual military command into the hands of the warlords, it would not be impossible to understand that he stayed in Wazami to receive the troops from more distant places.
- この地は洛中から京都の住民の葬地であった鳥辺野に入る際の入口にあたる事から、この他にも六道珍皇寺など沢山の寺院が建てられ、信仰の地として栄えた。
- This area was located at the entrance for visiting Toribeno which was a place for the Kyoto residents to be buried, from central Kyoto and, therefore, this area had many temples such as the Rokudochinno-ji (Rokudochinko-ji) Temple constructed therein and was a prosperous place of belief.
- 戦国時代の城は、“よく知られ、有名”でないために、開発に際して必ずしも十分な調査や記録がなされないままに貴重な遺構が破壊されてしまうこともある。
- As castles of the Sengoku Period are not 'well-known and famous,' precious structural remains are sometimes destroyed without sufficient research and recording in developing land.
- 当時、シャルルマーニュは、778年のサラゴサ遠征に失敗し、その際、退却軍についてきた西ゴート族の難民をどこかへ定住させてやる必要に追われていた。
- In those days, Charlemagne failed to invade Saragossa in 778 and then was urged to make the refugees who were west Goths following the army in retreat settle down somewhere.
- 世界遺産への推薦・登録に際して設けられた緩衝地帯は文化財保護法の対象ではないが、その他の法令や県および市町村の条例による保護の下に置かれている。
- The Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties is not applied to the buffer zone which was specified before the recommendation and the registration as a World Heritage site, however, the zone is protected by other laws and ordinances of the local authority.
- 併設の紅葉パラダイスは1978年、ドイツ製蒸気機関車と国際寝台車会社製寝台車 (鉄道)8両を連ねた「ホテル・オリエント急行」を敷地内に開業した。
- In 1978, Koyo Paradise adjacent to Hotel Koyo opened 'Hotel Orient Express,' which was a nine-car train consisting of a steam locomotive made in Germany and eight sleeping railroad cars made by International Sleeping-Car Company, on its property.
- 一宮は建部神社、二宮は日吉大社、三宮は多賀大社あるいは御上神社とされるが、実際には比叡山延暦寺と関係の深い日吉神社の力が強かったと見られている。
- Although it is considered that 'Ichinomiya,' 'Ninomiya,' and 'Sannomiya' were Takebe-jinja Shrine, Hiyoshi-taisha Shrine, and Taga-taisha Shrine or Mikami-jinja Shrine, respectively, it is probable that Hiyoshi-jinja Shrine, which was deeply related with Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei, actually had a strong power.
- 平成2年(1990年)の即位の礼に際して、京都御所から皇居へ高御座が運ばれるなど大掛かりな準備が行なわれ、11月12日に即位礼正殿の儀が行われた。
- With a large scale of preparation, for example the imperial throne was brought to the Imperial Palace from Kyoto Imperial Palace, the Enthronement Ceremony was carried out on November 12, 1990.
- 天平16年(744年)閏1月11日、難波宮に行幸の際、その途中に桜井頓宮で脚気になり、恭仁京に引き返すが、2日後の閏1月13日、17歳で死去した。
- On his way to Naniwanomiya Palace for a Gyoko (imperial visit), he developed beriberi at Sakurai tongu (a temporary palace) on March 3, 744, and came back to Kuni-kyo, but two days later on March 5 he died at the age of 17.
- 実頼の儀式作法についてはその日記『清慎公記』に多少の記述はあるが、実際には孫で養子の藤原実資が著した『小野宮年中行事』によって完成されたと言える。
- Saneyori's ceremony etiquette style, although his diary 'Seishinko-ki' (Diary of FUJIRAWA no Saneyori) features a few descriptions of it, was finalized, in fact, by the publication of 'Ononomiya Nenjugyoji' (Precedents for Annual Events of Ononomiya) authored by Saneyori's grandson (lately adopted by Saneyori as his son), FUJIWARA no Sanesuke.
- 嘉休の姉婿にあたる銅師で、涅槃宗の信徒であり、空禅(政友)の檀家であった蘇我理右衛門は、空禅が還俗して「富士屋」を開く際、物心両面で政友を助けた。
- Riemon Soga, who was the husband of Kakyu's elder sister and a dealer in copper who believed in the Nehan-shu sect and was a Buddhist parishioner of Ku-zen (Masatomo), gave Masatomo material and mental support when Masatomo returned to the secular life and opened 'Fujiya.'
- 村上天皇は為平親王を愛し、その婚礼には自分が安子と婚礼した際の例に倣って宮中の昭陽舎で実施させるなど、将来の皇位継承候補としての待遇を受けている。
- Emperor Murakami loved Imperial Prince Tamehira, he let the Prince follow his example of having the Prince's wedding at Shoyosha of the Imperial Palace where the Emperor had his own wedding with Anshi (Yasuko), the Prince was treated as the future successor to the Imperial throne.
- 一、二代ほどは上流貴族として朝廷での地位を保証されたが実際には三代以降はほとんどが没落して地方に下向、そのまま土着し武士・豪族となるしかなかった。
- The first and the second generations of the Imperial Families were assured their positions as upper court nobles in the Imperial Palace, in fact those after the third generations were ruined and went to the country, where they settled and became Samurai or a powerful clan.
- この際に、各陵の工事前と工事後の様子を絵師に描かせ、上下二卷にまとめて1867年(慶応3)朝廷と幕府に献上したものがいわゆる「文久山陵図」である。
- At this time, Eshi painters painted before and after conditions, presenting volumes one and two of these paintings to the Imperial court and bakufu in 1867, which were the so-called 'Bunkyu Sanrikuzu.'
- その後、文保2年(1318年)に同母弟の後醍醐天皇が即位すると、翌文保3年(1319年)3月に皇后(実際には天皇の后でない尊称皇后)に冊立される。
- After that, when her younger brother Emperor Godaigo was enthroned in 1318, she was given Sakuryu (Imperial investiture) as the Kogo, or the Empress (actually, a Sonsho Kogo, an Empress not being a wife of an Emperor) in March 1319.
- 1764年(宝暦14年)の宝暦度の来日の際、対馬藩の家臣で通詞を担当していた鈴木伝蔵が朝鮮通信使の通詞・中官崔天宗を大坂で殺害する事件が起こった。
- When Tsushinshi came to Japan in 1764 in the Horeki era (1751 - 1764), the incident in which Denzo SUZUKI, a retainer of the Tsushima Domain and an interpreter, killed Cheon-Jong CHOI, an interpreter and a middle-class officer, in Osaka.
- 『日本書紀』によれば、執政期間は短くわずか10箇月余りで、清寧天皇5年(484年)11月に死死の表現(実際は「崩御」と表記し、天皇扱いにしている)。
- Acceding to 'Nihonshoki,' the duration of administration was only about ten months and she passed away in November in Emperor Seinei 5 (484) (in fact, she was treated as Emperor, describing it as 'hogyo' [demise].)
- 姦通が表沙汰になった際の女敵討は武士にとっては義務であったが、たとえ達成しても名誉にはならないため、表沙汰にせずに内々で示談にするケースも多かった。
- Megatakiuchi was the duty of a samurai once the adultery came to light, but since it did no one any great credit even when Megatakiuchi was achieved, such cases were often settled in private without being made public.
- しかし、史料から見る実際の名田は、あくまで領主が支配しており、田堵や名主らは領主への租税納付機関として働いていたに過ぎないことが明らかとなっている。
- Historical materials clearly show, however, that the myoden fields were actually governed by lords, and tato and myoshu just functioned as a tax payment agency for lords.
- 義常は1180年石橋山の合戦では大庭景親と共に頼朝軍を破り、頼朝の鎌倉入りの際にも一族と共に松田城に籠り抗戦をしたが、義常は頼朝に追われ自害をした。
- Yoshitsune defeated the Yoritomo's army at the Battle of Ishibashiyama in 1180 along with Kagechika OBA, and he held Matsuda-jo Castle to offer resistance with his family when Yoritomo entered Kamakura, but he was forced out by Yoritomo and killed himself.
- 豊臣秀吉時代を出羽国秋田藩52,404石の大名(更に蔵入地26,245石の代官)として生き延び、伏見城築城や文禄・慶長の役の際の杉板供給役を務めた。
- During the era of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, it survived as the daimyo of Akita Domain in Dewa Province with a stipend of 52,404 koku crop yield (in addition, as daikan of the directly controlled land by Hideyoshi, it received a stipend of 26,245 koku crop yield), and took charge of supplying cedar panels for the construction of the Fushimi-jo Castle as well as in the Bunroku-Keicho War.
- 『道中日記』は、「内容豊富で、異色に富み、とくに民俗関係資料に見るべきものが少なくない」点で際立ったもので、その人類学的な視線の向けようが興味深い。
- 'Dochu Nikki' is an outstanding diary in 'variety of the records, uniqueness and a lot of information about the folks,' and it has an interesting anthropological aspect as well.
- 平城京が置かれていた奈良時代には、シルクロードの終着点として国際色豊かな天平文化が花開き、大伽藍が建ち並ぶ都として数々の貴重な文化財が創り出された。
- In the Nara period when Nara was Heijo-kyo Capital, the city, as the end of the Silk Road, witnessed the flourishing of international Tenpyo culture, and, with magnificent temple buildings standing side by side, the city brought many important cultural assets into the world.
- 岡崎公園、京都会館、京都国立近代美術館、京都市動物園、京都大学吉田キャンパス、京都府立植物園、京都府立総合資料館、国立京都国際会館などの施設もある。
- It also has the following facilities: Okazaki-koen Park, Kyoto-kaikan Hall, The National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto, Kyoto City Zoo, Kyoto University Yoshida Campus, The Kyoto Botanical Garden, Kyoto Prefectural Library and Archives and Kyoto International Conference Center.
- また、『日本後紀』によれば薬子の変の際に、平城上皇に従わなかった妃の朝原内親王・大宅内親王が揃って妃を辞任して上皇の許を去るという出来事も生じている。
- In accordance with 'Nihonkoki' (Later Chronicle of Japan), Imperial Princess Asahara and Imperial Princess Oyake who didn't follow the retired Emperor Heizei at the Kusuko Incident, resigned Hi and left the retired emperor.
- 彼女たちに仕える女官長や女官が実際にその衝突を目撃したのは、大正天皇崩御の数ヶ月前、皇太子(昭和天皇)夫妻が療養先である葉山御用邸に見舞った際である。
- Chief court ladies and court ladies, who served for the Empress Teimei and the Empress Kojun, actually witnessed the conflict between two Empresses when the Crown Prince (later, the Emperor Showa) and his princess wife (later, the Empress Kojun) visited the Emperor Taisho in his place of medical treatment at the Hayama goyotei (Imperial property) a few months before the death of Emperor Taisho.
- しかし三条天皇はこの末の皇女に非常に愛情を注ぎ、道長も後にはその外孫にふさわしく遇して、着裳の際には伯母の太皇太后藤原彰子が腰結いの役をつとめている。
- However Emperor Sanjo loved this youngest Princess very much, Michinaga also treated this grandchild born of his daughter very well, the Princess's aunt, Grand Empress Dowager, FUJIWARA no Shoshi did Koshiyui (a person who tie the ribbon of the Hakama at the ceremony) at the Mogi ceremony for the Princess.
- 寛和2年(986年)兼明親王が嵯峨野の亀山に山荘(雄倉殿)造営の際清泉が無いのを嘆き、亀山の神に祈って霊泉を得られたことが『本朝文粋』に記されている。
- It is recorded in 'Honcho monzui' that in 986, Imperial Prince Kaneakira lamented because there was no seisen (pure spring) when he constructed a villa (Oguradono) at Kameyama in Saga-no and prayed to the God of Kameyama, then he could gain a spiritual spring.
- 実際に5世の子孫だったかには賛否両論あるが、この事例は5世の子孫までは皇位継承権を持ちうる先例となって、その後の皇位断絶に強く意識されることとなった。
- There were theories approving and disapproving whether the Emperor Keitai was in fact the descendant of Emperor Ojin or not, but this experience was accepted as an example of allowing descendants, up to five generations, succeed to the throne, it was strongly reflected in the discontinuity of Imperial succession later on.
- 『今昔物語集』によれば、父高藤が山科へ鷹狩に出かけた際雨宿りをした宇治郡司宮道弥益の家で、弥益の娘宮道列子を見初め一夜の契りでもうけたのが胤子である。
- According to 'Konjaku Monogatari Shu ' (The Tale of Times Now Past), Inshi was born when her father Takafuji went to Yamashina for falconry, took shelter at the house of Uji Gunji (a local official in Uji) MIYAJI no Iyamasu, fell in love with Iyamasu's daughter MIYAJI no Resshi and had an affair with her.
- 義詮は北朝年号を復活させ、再び京都を奪還するが、南朝は撤退する際に光厳・光明両上皇と、天皇を退位した直後の崇光天皇(光厳の皇子)を賀名生へ連れ去った。
- Yoshiakira revived the Northern Court era name and recaptured Kyoto, and when the Southern Court forces withdrew from the city, they took both retired Emperors Kogon and Komyo, as well as Emperor Suko (Kogon's son), who had just abdicated the throne, back with them to Ano.
- もっとも、当時の南北両朝の力関係から言って、北朝側はもちろん、南朝側も、この条件が遵守されるとは考えていなかったはずであり、実際にも遵守されなかった。
- However, judging from the power balance of both Southern and Northern Dynasties at that time, not only the Northern Dynasty but also the Southern Dynasty probably did not think this condition would be followed and in reality, it was not.
- この際、大字池上は淀池上町及び淀本町に、大字新町は淀新町、淀木津町、淀川顔町となり、残余の7大字は「淀」を冠称し、旧大字名を継承する7町に編成された。
- At that time, Oaza Ikegami was divided into Yodo Ikegami-cho and Yodo Hon-machi, and Oaza Shin-machi into Yodoshin-machi, Yodokizu-cho and Yodokawazura-cho, and the remaining seven Oaza were reorganized into seven towns prefixing the name 'Yodo,' thus inheriting the names of the former Oaza.
- 体協専務理事、オリンピック東京大会組織委員長、国際オリンピック委員会(IOC)委員を歴任し、国際スポーツ界においても「プリンス・タケダ」として知られた。
- He served in a variety of posts, including the executive managing director of Japan Sports Association, Chairman of the Tokyo Olympic Organizing Committee, member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)and was known as 'Prince Takeda' in the international sports community.
- 秦氏が現在の淀川の治水工事として茨田堤を築堤する際に協力したとされ、現在の熱田神社が広隆寺に記録が残る河内秦寺(廃寺)の跡だったとされる調査結果もある。
- The Hata clan are thought to have helped construct the Manda Levee as flood prevention works for the present-day Yodo-gawa River, and it has also been shown that the present-day Atsuta-jinja Shrine was built on the site of Kawachi Hata-dera Temple (now ruined) whose written records are preserved in Koryu-ji Temple.
- 2006年7月に1台が宮内庁に納入され、8月15日の全国戦没者追悼式から使用される予定であったが、9月28日の臨時国会開会式に出席する際から使用された。
- The first one was delivered to the Imperial Household Agency in July 2006 and it was planned to be used for a memorial service for those who died in war on August 15, but in fact, it was used for the opening ceremony of extraordinary Diet on September 28 for the first time.
- 上皇にあった後は、1352年に足利氏の内紛である観応の擾乱に乗じて後村上天皇の軍が京都の足利義詮を追い都を奪回した際に、光厳上皇と共々南朝に捕らえらる。
- While he acted as retired Emperor, during the Kanno Disturbance when the ASHIKAGA clan's internal struggle was raging in 1352, he and retired Emperor Kogon were captured by the Southern Court as Emperor Gomurakami's army chased Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA in Kyoto and recaptured the city.
- その例証のひとつとして、ひとりの天皇の在位年数を実際より長くしてしまったため、武内宿禰のような何代もの天皇に仕えた者の年齢が異常に長くなったとしている。
- He maintains that the length of each emperor's reign was made longer than its actual length, which caused the life spans of persons, such as TAKEUCHI no Sukune, who served several successive emperors, to be abnormally long.
- 和銅元年11月25日、元明天皇の大嘗祭に際して、天武天皇治世期から永く仕えてきた三千代の功績が称えられ、橘の浮かんだ杯とともに橘宿禰の氏姓が賜与された。
- On January 14, 709, when Daijosai (the first ceremonial offering of the rice) by the newly-enthroned Emperor Genmei was held, Michiyo was given Shisei (clan and hereditary title) of TACHIBANA no Sukune, accompanying with a cup in which a flower of mandarin orange was floating on sake, praising her distinguished service for a long time since the Emperor Tenmu's era.
- かつての本殿は、渡辺津のあった場所(天神橋東南の渡辺町、現在の石町)にあったが、豊臣秀吉の大坂城築城の際に現在地(大阪市営地下鉄本町駅の南)に移転した。
- Its honden (main shrine) was located in the place where Watanabe no tsu used to be - Watanabe-cho (present Koku-machi) located at the south-east of the Tenjin-bashi Bridge, but it was moved to the present location - the south of the Honmachi Station of Osaka (Municipal) Subway, when Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI built Osaka-jo Castle.
- さらに吉野山・高野山から熊野三山にかけての霊場と参詣道が2004年7月、『紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道』として国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産に登録された。
- Sacred sites and pilgrimage routes spreading from Mt. Yoshino and Mt. Koya to Kumano Sanzan (three major shrines, Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine, Kumano Hayatama-taisha Shrine and Kumano Nachi-taisha Shrine) were also registered as a World Heritage site as 'Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range' in July 2004 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
- 当日はネオンや照明灯などの灯火を自粛するよう京都市から呼びかけが行われるため、8月16日とサンガのホームゲームが重複する際は以下のような対応がとられた。
- Because Kyoto City requests cooperation to exercise self-control over lighting such as neon signs and illuminations that day, if the day on which Sanga would host a home game fell on August 16, it coped with the request as follows:
- 天禄4年(973年)に円融天皇が女御藤原こう子を皇后に立てるに際し、皇后昌子を皇太后に移したが、このとき皇太后宮職が復活され、昌子に奉仕することになった。
- When Emperor Enyu put up nyogo FUJIWARA no Koshi as empress in 973, he changed Empress Masako to Empress Dowager and revived Kotaigogushoku to serve her.
- 鎌倉時代は江北六郡の地頭であり、始祖の佐々木氏信は鎌倉幕府の評定衆を務め、後を継いだ佐々木宗綱は、幕府が朝廷に対し天皇の譲位を促した際の使者を務めている。
- In the Kamakura period the clan was an estate steward of six counties in Gohoku, and the original forefather Ujinobu SASAKI became The High Court of Justice of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and Munetsuna SASAKI who inherited Ujinobu, worked as an envoy at the time when the bakufu prompted the Imperial Court to pass the throne to the successor.
- 選叙令に従五位下以上の官人(貴族)が致仕する場合には必ず上表をして天皇の許可を得ることとなっていたため、貴族が官職を退く際には辞表が行われるようになった。
- Under the Senjoryo (the regulations for the recruitment and promotion of government officials), when government officials (nobles) of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and over wished to resign his positions, they had to get the Emperor's permission; so it became a custom that they wrote a Jihyo when nobles resigned from government posts.
- 現在のものは大正天皇即位の際に、古式に則って作られた物であるが、玉座は茵(しとね)から椅子に代わり、新たに皇后が着座する帳台(みちょうだい)が併置された。
- The current Takamikura was made in accordance with an old fashioned method like the one used when Emperor Taisho was enthroned, the Imperial throne was changed from a Futon cushion, to a chair, the Michodai, where the Empress sits, was a new addition.
- 例えば、雄略天皇の子の清寧天皇には後嗣がなく、履中天皇の孫である仁賢天皇・顕宗天皇が王位を継いだとされているが、実際は王位簒奪ではなかったかとの説もある。
- For example, when Emperor Seinei, son of Emperor Yuryaku, didn't have a successor, it is assumed that Emperor Ninken and Emperor Kenzo, grandsons of Emperor Richu, succeeded the Imperial throne, but there is also a theory stating that in fact, it was an usurpation of the Imperial throne.
- 『吾妻鏡』康元元年11月22日_(旧暦)条において、北条時頼が出家して執権を北条長時に譲る際に「但し家督(北条時宗)幼稚の程の眼代なり」と念を押している。
- The article of November 22 (lunar calendar), 1256 of 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East) states that 'However, they may remain gandai only in the head-of-the-family (Tokimune HOJO)'s childhood' when Tokiyori HOJO became a priest and handed the regency to Nagatoki HOJO.
- なお、正徳の次に来日した享保度の通信使の際には徳川吉宗は名分論には深入りせず、再び大君に復し、待遇も祖法遵守を理由に全面的に天和 (日本)度に戻している。
- When Tsushinshi came to Japan in the Kyoho era (1716 - 1736) after the one in the Shotoku era, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA restored the use of Tycoon, without getting involved in the positioning-of-shogun problem, and also totally restored the treatment of the envoy for the reason that the original rules should be followed.
- なお、京都タワーの所在地である東塩小路町は、市制町村制施行以前の明治12年(1879年)、当時の塩小路村の一部が下京区に編入された際に成立したものである。
- Higashi Shiokoji-cho, in which Kyoto Tower is located, was established before the Municipal Government Act was enforced, in 1879 when a part of Shiokoji village at that time was incorporated into Shimogyo Ward.
- 第二次世界大戦の敗戦に際して旧満州でソビエト連邦軍に捕らえられた文隆が1956年(昭和31年)シベリア抑留されたまま、正妻との間に子をなすことなく死去した。
- Fumitaka KONOE passed away without having any children with his legitimate wife during the custody in Siberia in 1956 after he was caught by the Soviet Union army in Manchuria upon Japan's loss in the World War II.
- しかし実際には貞常親王が伏見宮家の当主を継承し、伏見宮家の財産を皇室に統合することはせず、後花園天皇は貞常親王に「永世伏見御所と称すべし」との勅許を与えた。
- However, Imperial Prince Sadatsune became the head of the Fushiminomiya family without combining its property with that of the Imperial Family, with the Emperor Gohanazono granting the family the right 'to call itself the Imperial palace of Fushimi on a permanent basis.'
- 平安時代末期に作られた『朝野群載』の即位詔の例文は、実際のものとほとんど変わらない表現でこのくだりの文章を示しており、定型文の引き写しが行われた証拠となる。
- 'Choya gunsai' (Collected Official and Unofficial Writings) compiled at the end of the Heian period shows a model phrase of this part with almost exactly equal letters to that really used in the imperial edicts to the enthronement, and this can be used as evidence that the model phrase had been handed down by copying the example.
- しかし、少なくとも勢力間において発生する諸問題の解決に際して行使可能な手段として、武力、すなわち軍備の果たす役割に注目が集まる傾向にあったことは確かである。
- It is certain however, that there was a tendency that the role of military power, namely armaments, as at least available means in solving various problem occurring between such powers attracted attention.
- 町奉行は町の拡大を抑制する方針を採ったが、実際には都市の拡大が先行して町奉行及び新しい町割の是非を審査する新地掛の与力がこれを追認する状況が幕末まで続いた。
- Machi-bugyo adopted a policy to restrain the expansion of the town but it was in fact the case that until then end of the Edo period, a situation continued in which the city's expansion preceded any ratification by the machi-bugyo or the yoriki (police sergeants) who were responsible for assessing the propriety of new town planning.
- 単純に三都市の頭文字を取ったもので、「京阪神三大学(京都大学・大阪大学・神戸大学)」など三都市に限った事象や施設を一つのグループとして表現する際に使用する。
- As it is made up simply of the initial sounds of the three city names, it is used when describing events and facilities limited to those three cities as one group, such as 'The Three Keihanshin Universities (Kyoto University, Osaka University and Kobe University),' etc.
- 奈良県立橿原考古学研究所には、川底改修の際に出土した木製の樋が保存展示されており、「益田池の堤 附樋管」として奈良県の指定文化財として史跡に指定されている。
- Archaeological Institute of Kashihara, Nara Prefecture preserves and exhibits wooden gutters which were excavated during renovation of the river bed and are designated as cultural property 'Gutter Pipes for the Bank of Masuda-ike Pond'by Nara Prefecture.
- しかし、これらは後世に科学技術の進歩を強調するための「たとえ話」として語られたものであり、実際にはこの作業を1発ごとに行う必要はなく、数発に一度行えばよい。
- However, these were told as 'parables' to emphasize the advancement of science technology in future generations and in fact it is not necessary for these tasks to be done for each shot, but for every few shots.
- その夜に総理大臣官邸で行われた晩餐会の席上にてインフルエンザ発症により倒れてしまった際、妻バーバラ・ブッシュがフォロースピーチでこの敗北ネタをジョークにする。
- In the Court Dinner held at the official residence of Prime Minister on the same night, the first lady Barbara Bush joked about the President's defeat in the tennis matches in her speech made on behalf of the President who was down with influenza.
- しかし一色義貫の死が義教の陰謀によるものであったため、持常とそれを継いだ成之が三河国に守護権を確立する際には、一色残党の激しい抵抗に遭い、多大な犠牲を払った。
- However, because the death of Yoshitsura ISSHIKI was a plot of Yoshinori, the remnants (of a defeated party) of Isshiki fiercely resisted when Mochitsune and his successor Shigeyuki were establishing the authorization of Shugo in Mikawa Province, and they made a great sacrifice.
- 「神国」という言葉の初出は『日本書紀』の神功皇后のいわゆる「三韓征伐」の際、新羅王が皇后の軍勢を見て「神国の兵である」として戦わずに降伏したという記事である。
- The first time the word 'Shinkoku' appeared was in the 'Chronicles of Japan,' it was said when Empress Jungu raised an army at 'Sankan Seibatsu' (The Conquest of the Three Korean Kingdoms), the king of Silla (Kingdom) proclaimed 'it was an army from Shinkoku' and surrendered without fighting.
- なお、臣籍降下に際して、王の身位は当然に除かれるとは言え、名は改めないのが通常であるが、葛城王(橘諸兄)から諸兄、以仁王から以光などのように改める事例もある。
- By the way when Emperors are demoted from nobility to subject, they keep their names although the title of the Emperor cancelled, however there are some cases where they changed their names from the original to another, for example, Prince Kazuraki (TACHIBANA no Moroe) to Moroe, Prince Mochihito to Mochimitsu.
- 大正天皇・昭和天皇の即位の礼は高御座のある京都御所で行われ、今上天皇の際には、高御座と御帳台を東京の皇居まで運び、大礼が終わった後に再び京都の紫宸殿に戻した。
- The enthronement ceremonies of Emperor Taisho and Emperor Showa were held at the Kyoto Imperial Palace where the Takamikura is kept, in the case of the ceremony for the present Emperor, Takamikura and Michodai were moved to the Imperial Palace in Tokyo, they were then moved back to Shishinden, Kyoto after the ceremony.
- このため、大名から民衆に至るまで上位の権力者から権利を授かれば、お礼として金品など実際の利益となる物を献上することが当然の礼儀・道理と考えられていたのである。
- As a result, everyone from Daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) to commoners thought it a natural courtesy and righteous judgment to present something beneficial such as money or goods in return when he/she was given a right by the higher authority.
- そこで京都府などでは新たな専用埠頭を建設し、5万トン級のフルコンテナ船が就航できる多目的国際埠頭として2010年(平成22年)の供給を目指し整備を行っている。
- In order to meet the supply in 2010, Kyoto Prefecture is constructing and developing a dedicated wharf to work as a multipurpose international wharf responding to 50,000 ton-class full-container vessels.
- 古くから土師氏ゆかりの土地であったと言われており、延暦元年(782年)に土師安人の姓が宿禰から朝臣に改められた際に「居住地にちなんで」秋篠安人と改名している。
- It is said that Akishino was a place noted in connection with the Haji clan since older times and, when kabane (hereditary title) of Yasuhito HAJI was changed from Sukune (third highest of the eight hereditary titles) to Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles) in 782, he changed his name to Yasuhito AKISHINO 'in connection with the name of the place of residence.'
- その象徴的な出来事がハーグ密使事件であり、朝鮮に対する日本の支配を排除するため、その不合理を国際社会に訴えたが、これが頓挫した上、日本との関係をより悪化させた。
- One symbolic episode is the Hague Secret Emissary Affair, in which Korea tried to exclude Japanese rule by demonstrating its illegitimacy to the international community, but the trial failed and the Korea-Japan relationship deteriorated.
- 兼通は、弟兼家に一時期廟堂の席次を先んじられたことを深く恨みに思い、自らが関白内大臣になった際、兼家を大納言に据えおき、従兄弟にあたる藤原頼忠を相談相手とした。
- Kanemichi beard a bitter grudge against his younger brother Kaneie because he once was taken an upper order of precedence in the Court, and when he became a Kanpaku naidaijin (Chancellor Minister of the Center), he left Kaneie at a position of Dainagon as it was and trusted his cousin FUJIWARA no Yoritada as an advisor.
- だが、清廉な人柄であったらしく、天文4年(1535年)に一条房冬を左近衛大将に任命した際に秘かに朝廷に銭1万疋の献金を約束していた事を知って、献金を突き返した。
- The Emperor was said to be a righteous person, and when Fusafuyu ICHIJO was appointed as General of the Imperial Guards of the Left in 1535, the Emperor returned the donation money after learning Fusafuyu secretly made arrangements to donate ten thousand Hiki to secure his position.
- 平城京では平城宮の大極殿に、平安京では大内裏の大極殿、豊楽殿、のちに内裏の紫宸殿に安置され、即位・朝賀・蕃客引見(外国使節に謁見)など大礼の際に天皇が着座した。
- In Heijokyo (the ancient capital of Heijokyo), the Takamikura is at the Daigokuden (the Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) of the Heijo Palace, in Heian kyo, it is at Daigokuden and Horakuden Hall of the Outer Palace Precincts, and later located at Shishinden (the Hall for State Ceremonies) of the Imperial Palace, where the Emperor sits for a state ceremony like he does at an enthronement ceremony, the Choga ceremony (New Years ceremony), the ceremony of Bankaku Inken (the ceremony to see a delegate from overseas), etc.
- 蛤御門の名前の由来は、天明の大火(1788年1月30日 (旧暦))の際、それまで閉じられていた門が初めて開門されたので、焼けて口を開ける蛤に例えられた為である。
- The reason it came to be called Hamaguri (Clam) Gate was that during the great Tenmei fire (on January 30, 1788 in the old calendar), the gate, which had until then always remained closed, was opened for the first time, and thus resembled a clam's shell opening in response to being subjected to fire.
- すでに9世紀後期の頃から、実際に租税収取を担当する地方行政の現場では、戸籍・計帳を基盤に置いた課税方式が後退し、土地に対する課税が積極的に行われる傾向にあった。
- As early as from the late 9th century, local administrative bodies, which were actually in charge of tax collection, tended to impose tax on land rather than collecting it based on family registration/keicho.
- 当時、新選組では病人が多い等の理由で人手が少なく、実際に捜索に当たったのは、近藤隊10人・土方隊24人の総数わずか34名だった(異説有り、出動隊士一覧を参照)。
- At the time, the Shinsen-gumi was short-handed because many members were sick, so only 34 members took part in the search - 10 in the KONDO squad and 24 in the HIJIKATA squad (There are different views on the number. cf. List of Soldiers Involved).
- 正躬王ら5人の弁官は僧尼令の該当する条項が過去において実際に適用された事がないことを理由に審理をはじめようとするが、善男は違法の訴えを許したと正躬王らを告発した。
- Since there was no record of the clause of the regulation covering the monks and nuns in fact being used in the past, five Benkan including Prince Masami tried to begin the trial, however Yoshio brought a charge against Prince Masami and others for accepting an illegal petition.
- 親王の薨去を記した『文徳実録』の記事でも「久在式部 諳職務 凡在旧典 莫不達練 挙朝重之」と記して親王が式部省の長官として実際に省を統率していたことを記している。
- An article in 'The Montoku Jitsuroku' (official national history book), in which the death of the Imperial Prince is described, asserts that he actually directed the Shikibu-sho as a chief officer, describing '久在式部 諳職務 凡在旧典 莫不達練 挙朝重之.'
- 佐佐木信綱が記した『竹柏漫筆』によると明治天皇が関西へ行幸する際、フランス軍から天皇行幸に際して演奏すべき日本の国歌を教えてほしいという申し出が日本海軍へあった。
- According to 'Chikuhaku Manpitsu' by Nobutsuna SASAKI, on the occasion of Emperor Meiji's visit to Kansai, the French Army requested the Imperial Japanese Navy to teach them Japan's National Anthem in order to play on the occasion of the Emperor's visit.
- そのことから実際に藤原氏の一族であったかはともかく、少なくとも当時の摂家から一族の係累に連なる者と認められていたことは確認されている(興福寺は摂家の氏寺である)。
- From these facts, although whether the Oshu Fujiwara clan was in fact related to the Fujiwara clan is still not clear, at least it was validated that the Sekke family (a lineage of regents and advisers, namely the Fujiwara clan at that time) recognized Tsunekiyo as someone who had a relation to the Fujiwara clan (Kofuku-ji Temple was an uji-dera temple [a temple built to pray for a clan's glory] of the Sekke family).
- 平安遷都以前からの道とする説や鳥羽天皇が鳥羽殿が造営した際に築かれたとする説もあるが、平安京建設時に淀川から物資を運搬するために作られた道であると考えられている。
- It had been suggested that the road had existed prior to the transfer of national capital to the city of Heian-kyo, or that it had been constructed by Emperor Toba when Toba-dono Palace was built, but it was regarded as the road which had been constructed in order to transport supplies from the Yodo-gawa River when the Heian-kyo capital was being built.
- 「続日本紀」にある元明天皇譲位の際の詔には「天の縦せる寛仁、沈静婉レンにして、華夏載せ佇り」とあり「慈悲深く落ち着いた人柄であり、あでやかで美しい」と記されている。
- In an imperial edict issued at the time of her mother Empress Genmei's abdication as recorded in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicles of Japan Continued), she was described as being gracious, calm, glamorous and beautiful.
- 『日本書紀』によれば、継体天皇21年(527年)に起きた磐井の乱に際して、筑紫君磐井の征討を命じられた物部麁鹿火に、継体天皇が刀を授けたことが、節刀の初めとされる。
- According to 'Nihonshoki,' Setto had begun when the Emperor Keitai granted the sword to MONONOBE no Arakahi who was assigned to conquer Tsukushinokimiiwai in the Iwai War occurred in 527.
- 皇后の兄である狭穂彦の反乱事件の際、兄とともに死を迎えたが、その後天皇は新たに日葉酢姫を皇后に迎え、第一子に五十瓊敷入彦命、第二子に大足彦命(景行天皇)をもうける。
- After the Empress died together with her older brother Sahohiko in the rebellion provoked by himself, the Emperor took Hibasuhime as the second Empress, and the first son Inishikiiribiko no mikoto, and the second son Otarashihiko no mikoto (Emperor Keiko) were born.
- 実際、この前後から現代日本人が俗に戦国大名と呼んで親しんでいる武田信玄、上杉謙信、北条氏康、大友義鎮、島津貴久などの華々しい活躍が始まり全国の戦国騒乱が本格化する。
- In fact, at around this time, Shingen TAKEDA, Kenshin UESUGI, Ujiyasu HOJO, Yoshishige OTOMO, Takahisa SHIMAZU and so on, who were commonly referred to as sengoku daimyo by people in contemporary Japan, started their energetic activities, and disturbances gained momentum all over Japan.
- 農奴の保有財産は、名目上は領主と借地人(農奴)との合意に基づくものとされていたが、実際には、ほぼ強制的に世襲させられていた(相続時に領主への支払が課せられていた)。
- The estate owned by serfs was notionally based on the agreement between the lords and the tenants (serfs), but in fact was obligatorily succeeded by heredity (on succession, the payment to the lords were imposed).
- だが、朝鮮通信使が実際に書いた日記(日東壮遊歌 など)などの当時の資料を紐解くと、進んだ文化を持つ日本の繁栄ぶりが描写されており、韓国の教育とは相違が見受けられる。
- However, when reading documents concerning that time, for example, actual written diaries (such as Nittosoyuka), it is found that Japan was advanced culturally and was prosperous, showing differences between what is educated in Korea and reality.
- 1885年(明治18年)に内閣制度が創設される際には、従来の宮内卿に替わって宮内大臣が置かれたが、「宮中府中の別」の原則に従って、宮内大臣は内閣の一員とされなかった。
- When the cabinet system was set up in 1885, the Imperial Household Minister was established replaced existing Kunaikyo, but the minister was not included in cabinet members following the principle of 'distinction between Imperial court and government offices.'
- それでも天皇の喪は秘され、実際には命日となった25日にも、福井登の名前で「益御機嫌能被成為候(ますますご機嫌がよくなられました)」という内容の報告書が提出されている。
- Still the Emperor's death was not officially announced, even on the 25th, the day the Emperor died, there was a journal by the name of 福井登, that reported 'the Emperor was feeling better.'
- 嵯峨天皇の子女の中でも豊かな文才に恵まれた皇女で、弘仁14年(823年)嵯峨天皇が斎院へ行幸した際に優れた漢詩をものしたことから、感嘆した天皇は内親王を三品に叙した。
- She was one of the talented Princess in literature among Emperor Saga's children, the outstanding Chinese style poem she wrote when Emperor Saga went to visit Saiin in 823 moved the Emperor and gave the Imperial Princess the rank of Sanhon (the third rank for an Imperial Princess).
- 1884年(明治17年)に宮中改革を巡って明治天皇とギクシャクしていた伊藤博文が病気で倒れた際には、天皇に代わって見舞いの使者を出して両者の仲直りのきっかけを作った。
- When Hirobumi ITO, who was having a strained relationship with Emperor Meiji over the reform of the Imperial Court, was taken with illness, Empress Dowager Shoken sent an envoy on behalf of the Emperor to ITO and made an opportunity for the two to reconcile.
- これらの君主が一夫一婦制の婚姻形態を採っていれば、妻の称号は「皇后」となるはずであるが、実際には、世間に通用している通称や研究者による慣用などが優先し、一様ではない。
- If these monarchs adopted the monogamous system, the title for the wife would have been 'empress' but in fact, alias that are normally used by researchers and custom take precedence so it is not uniform.
- その献上対象も令制国を治める守護大名をはじめとして、朝廷や幕府、守護に影響のある実力者、公家や守護代、奉行衆などの実際の行政・訴訟実務の担当官吏にまで広がっていった。
- The targets for the reisen also widely ranged from Shugo daimyo ruling the ryoseikoku (province), the Imperial Court, the bakufu, powerful figures having influence over Shugo (provincial constable), Court nobles, Shugodai (deputy of Shugo), even to government officials in charge of actual administrative and legal practices such as the bugyoshu (group of magistrates).
- 近世の大原郷は12の村から構成されていたが、1883年に中心部の8村が合併して「大原村」を名乗り、1889年の町村制制定の際に残り4村を合併して愛宕郡大原村となった。
- During the early-modern period, Ohara-go Township consisted of 12 villages, but in 1883 the eight central villages merged to form the village of 'Ohara-mura,' and when the city-town-village system was enacted in 1889 the remaining four villages merged to form Ohara Village, Otagi District.
- 渡来人の豪族秦氏がヤマト王権に税を納める際、用いた絹が「うずたかくつもられた」ことから、朝廷から「うずまさ」の姓を与えられ、これに「太秦」の漢字表記を当てたという説。
- One theory is that the imperial court gave the surname of 'Uzumasa' with kanji characters meaning silk cloth, to the powerful Hata clan, who were immigrants, due to the silk clothes they used to pay as taxes to the Yamato Dynasty piling up in great heap.
- 安土桃山時代に豊臣秀次が八幡城を築城した際、城下町の都市計画として整備され、城を防御する軍事的な役割と琵琶湖の水運(当時の物流の要)を利用する商業的役割を兼ね備えた。
- When Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI built Yawata-jo Castle during the Azuchi-Momoyama Period, the canal was built as part of development of a castle town to serve both the military function of castle defense and the commercial function of water transport in the Lake Biwa area (as a logistics center during the period).
- この際、「左京区鹿ケ谷」として存続していた区域は「鹿ケ谷」を冠称する8町(大黒谷町、菖蒲谷町、栗木谷町、不動山町、若王子山町、善気山町、徳善谷町、多頂山町)となった。
- Simultaneously, the area which survived as 'Shishigatani, Sakyo Ward' was divided into eight towns prefixed by 'Shishigatani' (Shishigatani Daikokudani-cho, Shishigatani Shobudani-cho, Shishigatani Kurikidani-cho, Shishigatani Fudoyama-cho, Shishigatani Nyakuojiyama-cho, Shishigatani Zenkisan-cho, Shishigatani Tokuzendani-cho, Shishigatani Tachosan-cho).
- 皇子を憐れんで祖母・皇極天皇は皇子をとても可愛がったと日本書紀に記載されており、「萬歳千秋の後に、要ず朕が陵に合せ葬れ」と言い、自分が崩御した際一緒に合葬せよと命じた。
- According to the Nihonshoki, feeling pity towards the prince, his grandmother, the Empress Kogyoku, doted so fondly on him that she ordered at the time of her demise to bury him together with her, saying that 'even after a long period of time, be certain to bury him together with me in my tomb.'
- 後に美濃国守護土岐頼遠が光厳上皇に矢を射掛ける事件を起こした際に、尊氏から事件の処理を任された弟の足利直義は幕府内外から起こる頼遠助命の声を無視してその斬首を強行した。
- Later on Military governor of Mino Province, Yorito TOKI threw an arrow at the Retired Emperor Kogon, Takauji's younger brother, Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA, who was asked to deal with this incident from Takauji, did not take the advice of other people inside and outside of the bakufu to save Yorito's life, and forced the death penalty on him.
- 『平家物語』『源平盛衰記』の「経正都落」条に、平経正が都落ちの際仁和寺に立ち寄り、先代覚性法親王より拝領の琵琶『青山』を返上した折、別れを惜しみ歌を交わした記事が残る。
- In the chapter of 'Tsunemasa Miyakoochi' (the rustication of Taira no Tsunemasa) in 'Heike monogatari' (The Tale of the Heike) and 'Genpei Josui ki' (the history of flux and reflux of Genji and Heishi), there is a story that TAIRA no Tsunemasa dropped in at Ninna-ji Temple when he rusticated Kyoto and returned the biwa (Japanese lute) 'Aoyama' given by the precedent chief priest, priest Imperial Prince Kakusho, Tsunemasa and monk-Imperial Prince Shukaku exchanged waka poems feeling the sorrow of parting.
- 天皇を言及する際に用いられる尊称は His Majesty であるが、His Imperial Majesty と記すこともあり、また略してH.M. と記す場合もある。
- An honorific title used when referring to the Emperor is His Majesty, sometimes is written as His Imperial Majesty, and sometimes is also abbreviated as H.M.
- この祭祀はすべての陵墓に等しく行われたのではなく、重要視されたものは近陵・近墓、そうでないものは遠陵・遠墓とのランク分けがなされ、祭祀に際しての貢物の量が異なっていた。
- This ritual was not equally performed for all imperial mausoleums; mausoleums were distinguished into groups of different ranks, from important ones built for the close relatives of the imperial family to less important ones for distant relatives, and amounts of offerings made in rituals also differed between mausoleums.
- しかし、実際にどのような経緯があったかについては、依拠しうる史料が、後代に「万世一系」史観の立場で書かれた『日本書紀』などに限られているため、前述の各説には異論もある。
- However, as for the actual circumstances that occurred back then, the historical records are limited to those with a 'bansei ikkei' history view in later generations, like in the 'Nihonshoki' and so on, so there are also objections to the theories mentioned above.
- こういった誤解のため、日本の一揆が英訳されて海外に紹介されるに際しても、 riot, revolt といった暴動や反乱を意味する語として訳されるのが一般化してしまった。
- Because of the above-mentioned misinterpretation, the Japanese word 'ikki' has generally been introduced to the world through its English translation as 'riot' or 'revolt,' words suggesting violent behavior in a public place or an illegal, sometimes violent attempt to change the political system.
- しかしこの方法はNTT西日本の定額通信サービスフレッツISDN提供開始について、0774-4xが対象エリアとなった際、「0774-4xかつ宇治市内」という区分となった。
- However, because of this solution, the area using 0774-4x in Kumiyama-cho was included in the category of 'areas of 0774-4x and within Uji City,' when all areas using 0774-4x came to be covered by the flat-rate communication service, FLET'S ISDN, started by NTT West.
- その際には御在所の名称で呼ぶ(場合によっては崩御後にそのまま追号となる場合もある)か、在位の前後において一院(本院とも)・中院(3名以上いる場合)・新院と呼んで区別した。
- In that situation, they were discriminated from by being called their residence's name (sometimes it became their posthumous title after their death) or Ichiin (or Honin), Chuin (when there were more than three) or Shinin in their reign order.
- ただし能久親王は実際には比叡山延暦寺座主につく機会がなかったが、江戸時代においては延暦寺ではなく寛永寺が天台宗を管轄したため、彼が天台座主でなかったというのは正確でない。
- Although Imperial Prince Yoshihisa did not actually have an opportunity to serve as zasu of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei, it is not correct to say that he was not Tendai-zasu because the Tendai Sect was administered by Kanei-ji Temple, not by Enryaku-ji Temple.
- 凡下平民の出自でこれといった一門衆家臣団を持たない秀吉は、有力家臣である大名や武家に任官の際に豊臣姓や羽柴の名字を与え、自らは豊臣氏の氏長者となることで統治しようとした。
- Hideyoshi, who was from a family of ordinary commoner and had no hereditary vassals of the family, tried to strengthen his reign as the head of the uji no choja (the head) of the Toyotomi clan, by granting the name of the 'Toyotomi' or his myoji (family name) 'Hashiba' to those influential daimyo (feudal lords) and samurai families, when he appointed them to a certain government post.
- 内親王の薨去に際し、光仁天皇は五百井女王・五百枝王を二世王として優遇する詔を発した(本来は五世王であるが、天皇の外孫のため格別に二世王(皇孫)として処遇することにした)。
- On the death of the imperial princess, the Emperor Konin issued the imperial edict promoting Ioi no Joo and Ioe no okimi to the second generation prince and princess (although they were originally the fifth generation princess and prince, they were raised to the second generation (imperial descendant) because they were the emperor's grandchildren from a daughter married into another family).
- 近年、藤原定家の子孫としては、冷泉家が有名ではあるが、実際には、室町時代から明治期にいたるまで、二条家正嫡流を伝承する三条西家が、定家の後継者として、歌壇の主流を占めた。
- In recent years, the Reizei Family has become famous for being descended from FUJIWARA no Teika; however, from the Muromachi period through the Meiji period the house of Sanjonishi, which passed on the traditions of the head and branch lines of the NIJO Family, was the mainstream of poetry as the successor to Teika.
- ただし、守護大名による領国支配は、後世の戦国領国制と比べると必ずしも徹底したものではなく、畿内を中心に、国人層が守護の被官となることを拒否した例も、実際には多く見られる。
- The provincial control by the shugo daimyo, however, was not as complete as the one in the Sengoku-ryogoku system during the later period: in fact, there are many examples in which the Kokujin refused to serve as a vassal of the shugo, particularly in the Kinai.
- 実際、中国と日本の茨城県つくば市でそれぞれ採取された黄砂の成分調査によると、つくば市のものは二酸化窒素(NO2)や硫酸水素(HSO4)が増加しており、これを裏付けている。
- Actually, according to an investigation in which both the components of the kosa captured in China and those in Tsukuba City, Ibaragi Prefecture in Japan, were analyzed, the kosa in Tsukuba City included more nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and hydrogen sulfate (HSO4), supporting the relationship described above.
- 現在は大きく2つの港に分れており、東港が海上自衛隊舞鶴地方総監部が鎮座する軍港、西港が中華人民共和国・大韓民国・ロシアなどへの定期航路をもつ国際貿易港として発展している。
- It is largely divided into two ports--East Port and West Port; East Port is a navy port where the Maritime Self-Defense Force Maizuru District Headquarters is located; West Port has been developed as an international trade port having regular services heading to and from countries such as the People's Republic of China, Republic of Korea, and Russian Federation.
- 1590年豊臣秀吉の小田原の役の時に際し、憲秀は「豊臣方22万に対し北条方は5万と劣勢にあって勝ち目の無い野戦は無謀である」と、小田原城中の評定に於いて籠城策を主張する。
- On the occasion of the Siege of Odawara by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in 1590, Norihide insisted on a plot to hold the castle at the hyojo (meeting) in the Odawara-jo Castle, saying 'The Toyotomi side has 220 thousand soldiers and The Hojo side is outnumbered with 50 thousand, so having an open battle without any chance of winning is reckless.'
- 松尾芭蕉の門人である河合曾良は元禄4年(1691年)の3月から7月下旬まで4ヶ月近くにわたって近畿各地を巡遊した際に、小辺路を通行して高野山から本宮へ参詣を果たしている。
- Sora KAWAI, a pupil of Basho MATSUO, traveled various parts of Kinki region for about four months from March to the end of July of 1691, and during the travel, he walked Kohechi from Mt. Koya to visit Hongu-taisha Shrine.
- フロイス「日本史」によれば、変の直前の天正10年5月15日 家康が戦勝祝賀のために武田の降将の穴山信君(梅雪)の随伴で信長を安土城に訪ねた際、当初、光秀が饗応役となった。
- According to 'Historia de Iapan' by Frois, when Ieyasu visited Nobunaga on June 15, 1582, immediately before the Incident in Azuchi-jo Castle accompanied by Nobukimi (Baisetsu) ANAYAMA, who was a surrendered warlord from the Takeda clan to celebrate the victory in the battle Mitsuhide was at first appointed to the position of marshal.
- また、室町幕府の管領であった細川頼之が四国の守護となった際に崇徳天皇の菩提を弔ってから四国平定に乗り出して成功して以後、細川氏代々の守護神として崇敬されたと言われている。
- Also, when Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, Kanrei, a shogunal deputy of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), became a guard of the Shikoku area, he prayed for Emperor Sutoku's spirit and succeeded in governing the Shikoku area; subsequently, Emperor Sutoku was worshiped as a guiding spirit of the HOSOKAWA clan.
- 香淳皇后が姑である貞明皇后の前で緊張のあまり、熱冷ましの手ぬぐいを素手ではなく、手袋(今も昔も女性皇族は外出の際は手袋を着用する)を付けたまま絞って手袋を濡らしてしまった。
- The Empress Kojun was too nervous in front of the mother-in-law, the Empress Teimei, so the Empress Kojun squeezed the hand towel, which was used for cooling down the heat of the Emperor Taisho, by hand while still wearing her gloves, instead of using her bare hands (Now and before, female Imperial families always wore gloves when they were going out.), wetting her gloves.
- 実際に今川範政は朝廷から征夷副将軍に任じられ、その子今川範忠は永享の乱の戦功によって室町将軍家から彼とその子孫以外の今川姓の使用を禁じるとする「天下一苗字」の待遇を受けた。
- In fact, Norimasa IMAGAWA was appointed to Seii fukushogun by the Imperial Court, his son Noritada IMAGAWA got preferential treatment called 'one family name in the country' from the Muromachi shogunate family so that only he and his descendents were allowed to use the family name of Imagawa.
- これ以後、天脈拝診(実際に天皇の体に触れて診察すること)の資格を持つ13人に、西尾と久野の2人を加えた15人の典医たちを下記の3班に分けて、24時間体制での治療が始まった。
- After that 天脈拝診 (conducting medical examination by touching Emperor's body) was conducted by qualified thirteen doctors and Nishio and Hisano, total of fifteen doctors who work in the Imperial Palace, then they were separated into three groups to start twenty four hours treatment.
- 後嵯峨の父は、父の後鳥羽に疎んじられて承久の乱の際も中立を守った土御門天皇であるが、このことが幕府の賛意を得ることになり、事実上、後嵯峨の皇位継承は幕府が決定したと言える。
- Emperor Gosaga's father, Emperor Tsuchimikado, was treated coldly by his own father, Emperor Gotoba, took a neutral position at the Jokyu Disturbance, it made a good impression on the Kamakura bakufu and practically all the bakufu approved Emperor Gosaga's Imperial succession to the throne.
- このように「阪神都市圏」と「京都都市圏」に分ける例は、国際連合のUrban Agglomerationやプライスウォーターハウスクーパース社の都市圏別GDPなどに見られる。
- Examples of it being divided in this manner into the 'Hanshin urban area' and 'Kyoto urban area' can be seen in the Urban Agglomeration of the United Nations and the GDP by urban areas by PricewaterhouseCoopers Co., Ltd., etc.
- (記録としては蕎麦がきの様なものが麺状に切られたのが「1574年(天正2年)初めの建物修復工事完成に際しての寄進物一覧の中に「振舞ソハキリ 金永」というくだりが確認できる)
- (However, there is a description of 'Mr. KANENAGA donating Sobakiri' on the list of donations for cerebrating the completion of restoration work of a building in early 1574, which suggests that Sobagaki was cut in thin noodle-shape at that time.)
- 後に室町幕府の14代征夷大将軍・足利義栄が将軍就任の御礼に朝廷に献上した銭貨や同じく織田信長が正親町天皇の儲君誠仁親王の元服の際に献上した銭貨が鐚銭ばかりであると非難された。
- It was criticized that the coins contained mostly akusen, the coins which Yoshihide ASHIKAGA, the 14th seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi bakufu presented to the Imperial court as a reward for the assumption of the Shogun, and coins which Nobunaga ODA presented at the ceremony of genpuku (celebration of one's coming of age) for Imperial Prince Sanehito, the chokun (crown prince) of Emperor Ogimachi.
- 貴船神社社伝においては、神武天皇の母である玉依姫命が、淀川、鴨川の源流を遡上した際にたどりついたのが貴船の地とされるため、日本神話的には貴船川を鴨川の源流と見なすこともある。
- In the legend of the Kibune-jinja Shrine, Kibune is considered to be the place where Emperor Jinmu's mother, Tamayori-hime-no-mikoto, reached when going up the sources of the Yodo-gawa and Kamogawa Rivers, therefore some Japanese legends hold that the Kibune-gawa River is the source of the Kamogawa River.
- 経清もまた安倍氏の滅亡の際に頼義に囚われ斬首されたが、その妻(つまり頼時の娘)は頼義の3倍の兵力を率いて参戦した戦勝の立役者である清原武則の長男・武貞に再嫁することとなった。
- Tsunekiyo was also captured and decapitated by Yoriyoshi when the Abe clan was destroyed, but his wife (that is, a daughter of Yoritoki) remarried KIYOHARA no Takesada, the first son of KIYOHARA no Takenori who had joined the war with three times as much military power as Yoriyoshi's and so immensely contributed to Yoriyoshi's victory.
- また元弘の乱(元弘元年〈1331年〉)に際して後醍醐天皇の王子護良親王が鎌倉幕府の追討を逃れて落ちのびた際に利用したとも伝えられる(「大塔宮熊野落ちの事」『太平記』巻第5)。
- It had been said that in the Genko War (1331), Imperial Prince Morinaga, a prince of Emperor Godaigo, used the road to escape from the tracking by the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by shogun) ('Escape of Otonomiya to Kumano,' volume 5, 'Taiheiki' [The Record of the Great Peace]).
- 観光大使として、松島には「松島キャンペーンレディ」、天橋立には「プリンセス天橋立」、宮島には「宮島観光親善大使」がおり、日本三景共同キャンペーンの際などに一緒に活動している。
- As kankotaishi (literally, ambassador for sightseeing), Matsushima has 'Matsushima campaign lady,' Amanohashidate has 'Princess of Amanohashidate' and Miyajima has 'Miyajima sightseeing and goodwill ambassador,' and they play an active role together on the occasion of joint campaign for Nihon Sankei and so on.
- 756年5月の聖武天皇崩御の際、天皇の遺詔により子の道祖王が皇太子に立てられるが、翌757年品行不良を理由に皇太子を解かれ、同年7月橘奈良麻呂の乱に加担したとして拷問され獄死。
- Although his son, the Prince Funado became the Crown Prince by the Emperor Shomu's will when the Emperor died, he was demoted from the Crown Prince due to his bad behavior in 757, then he was tortured and died in prison on the accusation of the involvement in the revolt of TACHIBANA no Naramaro in July of the same year.
- 九条道家等の公卿達が推す順徳天皇皇子の忠成王(仲恭天皇の異母弟)を退け、執権北条泰時は土御門天皇皇子の邦仁王(後嵯峨天皇)を即位させたが、この際に11日間の空位期間が発生した。
- The regent, Yasutoki HOJO let Prince Kunihito (Emperor Gosaga), who was Emperor Tsuchimikado's Prince, succeed to the throne after getting rid of Emperor Juntoku's Prince, Prince Tadanari (Emperor Chukyo's half younger brother), who was recommended by the Court nobles of Michiie KUJO, and others, and there was an interregnum of eleven days.
- その実際の家系については、『保元物語』に登場する信濃国の安藤次、安藤三との関係などを指摘する説、『吾妻鏡』に登場する三沢安藤四郎との関係などを指摘する説もあるが分かっていない。
- The real family line is not clear, as there are many different theories; in one theory, the relation with Tsuguo ANDO and (安藤三) of Shinano Province mentioned in 'Hogen Monogatari' (The Tale of the Hogen War) is pointed out, while in another theory, the relation with Shiro ANDO of Misawa that appears in 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East) is pointed out.
- 1904年(明治37年)2月、日露戦争の前夜、葉山の御用邸に皇后が滞在していた折であったが、37,8歳の武士が白衣で皇后の夢枕に立ち、戦いの際の海軍 (日本)守護を誓ったという。
- In Feburary 1904, on the eve of the Russo-Japanese War, when the Empress was staying in the Imperial palace in Hayama, she said that a samurai about 37 or 38 years old wearing a white frock came into her dreams and swore the protection of the Japanese Navy at war.
- その後漢学者源為憲が内親王のために『三宝絵』を著して進呈し、また薨去の際には慶滋保胤が四十九日供養の願文を自らしたためて、若くして出家・他界した尊子内親王の慎ましい人柄を偲んだ。
- After that a scholar of the Chinese classics, MINAMOTO no Tamenori wrote 'Sanpo e' and gave it to the Princess, when the Princess died, YOSHISHIGE no Yasunane wrote Ganmon (special document or letter to pray to god) for Shijukunichi (a memorial service held on the forty-ninth day after a person's death) and remembered the Imperial Princess as a modest person who entered into priesthood at a young age and then died.
- だが、この年には実際には宮中のみに留まったものの医学の禁止を命じるなど、保守的な姿勢は崩さなかった(もっとも、遺品として時計が残るなど、西洋文明を全く否定していたわけではない)。
- But there was yet a conservative movement such as the prohibition on studying medicine, although such a movement was kept within the Imperial palace. (Of course western culture was not totally denied, as you can see there was a wristwatch left in the Imperial Palace.)
- この際、皇統の連続性を示すため、中御門天皇直系の血を受け継ぐ唯一の皇女であった欣子内親王の新天皇への入内を計画されており、この観点から未婚の祐宮師仁が選定されたとも言われている。
- At this time, it was planned for Imperial Princess Yoshiko to make an Imperial Consort's bridal entry for the new Emperor into the court to keep the Imperial blood line for Imperial succession, since she was the only person who had Emperor Nakamikado's blood line, therefore, it was said Sachinomiya Morohito who was not married, was chosen as the new Emperor.
- そのため、代わって文化 (元号)4年(1807年)7月に典侍東京極院所生の第四皇子、寛宮恵仁(のちの仁孝天皇)が儲君となることとなったが、その際、寛宮を自身の実子として公称した。
- Due to the Prince's death, instead, it was decided for Tenji (Naishinosuke) (a court lady of the first rank), Higashikyogokuin's fourth Prince, Yutanomiya Ayahito to become Crown Prince in July 1807, the Princess announced Yutanomiya as her own son at this time.
- なお、軍港及び国際貿易港たる舞鶴港を有し、海上自衛隊舞鶴地方総監部や第八管区海上保安本部、国土交通省舞鶴港湾事務所など日本海広域を指揮監督する海事機関があるのも特徴の1つである。
- Characteristically, it also has Maizuru Port which is a naval as well as international trade port, and maritime organizations to control and supervise a wide area of the Sea of Japan such as Maritime Self-Defense Force Maizuru District Headquarters, Maizuru Ports Office of the Eighth Regional Coast Guard Headquarters, and Kinki Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.
- 奏者番となった第2代藩主・永井尚長は延宝8年(1680年)、第4代徳川将軍家・徳川家綱の葬儀が増上寺で行われた際、乱心した志摩国鳥羽藩主・内藤忠勝に殺害されるという事件が起こった。
- There was a incident wherein Naonaga NAGAI, the second-generation lord who had become a shoshaban (a middleman between attendants to the shogun), was killed in 1680 by Tadakatsu NAITO, the lord of the Toba domain of Shima Province, who became raving mad when the funeral of the family head of the house of the fourth-generation Tokugawa shogun, Ietsuna TOKUGAWA, was held at Zojo-ji Temple.
- 「貞観格」を継いで貞観_(日本)11年(869年)より延喜7年(907年)までの39年間の詔勅・太政官符のうち編纂当時に実際に行われていた重要なものを取捨選択して各省毎に配列した。
- Succeeding Jogankyaku, Engikyaku is a selected collection of particularly important volumes which had been in actual effect at the time of its compilation out of Jogankyaku, so chosen as to comprise imperial edicts and Daijokanbu (official documents issued by Daijokan, the Grand Council of State) during the 39 years from 869 until 907, while its contents were classified by ministry.
- 『愚管抄』によれば、後白河が静賢の鹿ケ谷山荘に御幸した際、藤原成親・西光・俊寛が集まり平氏打倒の計画が話し合われ、行綱が呼ばれて旗揚げの白旗用として宇治布30反が与えられたという。
- According to the 'Gukansho,' when Goshirakawa made a visit to Joken's Shishigatani mountain retreat, FUJIWARA no Narichika, Saiko and Shunkan met together to talk about plans to destroy the Taira clan and Yukitsuna was called and given 30 rolls of Uji fabric to make white flags for the launch.
- 延宝8年(1680年)に将軍徳川家綱が継嗣のないまま死去した際に、大老酒井忠清に徳川将軍に擁立されたとする宮将軍擁立説がある(→将軍継嗣問題継嗣決定前に将軍が死去したケースを参照)。
- There is a Miyashogun (shogun from the Imperial Court) theory that says he was enthroned as a Tokugawa Shogun by Tairo (chief minister) Tadakiyo SAKAI when the 4th Shogun Tokugawa Ietsuna died without an heir in 1680 (=> see 'Problem of heir of Shogun,' a case where a shogun died before the decision of an heir).
- 実際、女系を認めた場合男系で継承する王朝交代の原則に従い前述した通り次々と王朝が交代していくこととなり現皇室との関係は年を追って薄れていくことになり、あながち否定することもできない。
- In fact, this cannot be denied; in case that the Female-line Emperor is approved, dynasty changes one after another, prescribed earlier in accordance with the principle; dynasty change in male-line succession, and the relationship with present imperial household is getting thinner year by year.
- また円融天皇の女御となった際も、入内直後に大火があったため世間から「火の宮」(内親王の皇妃を「妃の宮」と呼ぶのにかけた渾名)と呼ばれるなど、高貴な生まれにも関わらず不運の連続だった。
- After she became Nyogo of Emperor Enyu, there was a big fire after she made an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into the court, she was called 'Hinomiya' (Princess fire) her nickname was 'Hinomiya' (Imperial Princess), although she had a noble background, she had many misfortunes in her life.
- さらに翌16日には功二級金鵄勲章が授与されたが、これを生前に授与されたことにする等の事情により、公式発表における薨去の日付は、実際には遺体が東京に帰着した日である24日と発表された。
- Furthermore, on the following day, January 16, he was given the medal of merit 功二級 Golden Pheasant, as the medal was supposed to have been given before he died, the official announcement of the date of his death was the 24th, which was the day his body arrived in Tokyo.
- 応永25年(1418年)に称光天皇の仕女である新内侍が懐妊した際にも密通の嫌疑がかけられたが、義持のとりなしがあり、貞成は同年7月17日に起請文を提出するなどして辛くも虎口を免れた。
- When Emperor Shoko's maid, Shin Naishi (lady in waiting) became pregnant in 1418, Sadafusa was suspected of having a secret relationship with her, however with Yoshimochi's help, he was able to avoid the situation after submitting Kishomon (oath documents to God) on July 17 of the same year.
- だが、日本製の火縄銃は極めて高精度にできているため、そんな環境ながら日本の選手は国際大会で上位入賞することが多く、欧米の多くの選手も火縄銃種目では日本製の火縄銃を使って参加している。
- However, hinawaju made in Japan has a high-precision and thus, although the number of players is small, Japanese players often achieve a high ranking in international competition and many players from Europe and America also use hinawaju made in Japan in the hinawaju event.
- いずれも明治3年1月3日(1870年2月3日)の明治天皇の即位に際して発せられた詔勅「…立極垂統、列皇相承、継之述之…宣明治教以宣揚惟神之大道也…」に出典を求め、命名されたものである。
- The source of these two names is in the Imperial Rescript issued on February 3, 1870 when the Emperor Meiji ascended the throne, which said 'Today's prosperity is due to successive deities ascended the throne to establish the natural order and nurture everything... Japanese people are expected to live following the deities' will.'
- これは、貴族・寺社への国家的給付(封戸物・正税物)の代替というやむを得ない場合もあるが、ほとんどが任期終了間際に国司が貴族・寺社から礼物をとり、国司免判を濫発したことによるものだった。
- This was mostly because kokushis got the gift items from aristocrats, temples, and shrines just before their service ended and in return over issued the remission of tax, though there were the unavoidable cases of the substitution of national benefits (fuko (a vassal household allotted to courtier, shrines and temples), shozei (the rice tax stored in provincial offices' warehouse)) for aristocrats, temples, and shrines.
- 加えて、有能な人材を民間から登用する際、一時的に足軽として藩に在籍させ、その後昇進させる等の、ステップとしての一面もあり、中世の無頼の輩は、近世では下級公務員的性格へと変化していった。
- In addition, the status also had the aspect of serving as a career stepping stone such as when capable individuals who were appointed from among ordinary citizens were temporarily be enrolled with the domain as ashigaru before their subsequent promotion, and what were once gangs of villains during the middle ages took on the identity of low-level public servants.
- なお始めの名称は「冷然院」であったが、たびたび火災による焼失と再建を繰り返したことから「然」の字が「燃」に通じ不吉であるとされて、天暦8年(954年)頃の再建の際に「冷泉院」に改称した。
- The original name was 'Reizenin' (冷然院), and it was renamed 'Reizeiin' (冷泉院) when it was restored around 954, because 'Reizenin' (冷然院) was considered unlucky for the reason that the character of '然' was similar to '燃' which means 'burn'; in fact, it had burned out and been restored a few times.
- その子貞義は元弘3年(1333年)、後醍醐天皇方の勢力討滅の命を帯びて上洛途上の足利尊氏が三河国に逗留した際、貞義は「天皇について鎌倉幕府打倒のために立ち上がるべきである」と強硬に進言。
- In 1333, Sadayoshi, child of Mitsuuji strongly proposed Takauji ASHIKAGA, who was sojourning in Mikawa Province on the way the Kyoto, on the mission destroying the power of the Emperor Godaigo's side, 'be the side of the Emperor, and stand up for defeating the Kamakura bakufu.'
- 実際にその東国武家集団は北条得宗家の被官として、赤松氏と共に播磨や摂津・南河内・和泉など北条氏の守護国などに得宗領に移住した事項があるので、そのまま、土着したのではないかと言われている。
- It has been recorded that as the hikan (a low-level bureaucrat) of the Tokuso Family of the Hojo clan, Togoku Samurai in fact moved to their Shugo's territory, such as Harima, Minamikawachi, and Izumi, it is thought that they may have settled down in these areas.
- そして篠村(亀岡市篠町)では、鎌倉時代末期には足利尊氏が挙兵し、安土桃山時代にも亀山城 (丹波国)主の明智光秀が本能寺の変へと向う際にそれに倣ったとされるなど、時代変革の舞台ともなった。
- It was also the stage for some big upheavals in Japanese history, for example, when Takauji ASHIKAGA raised his army in Shinomura (now Shino-cho in Kameoka city) at the end of the Kamakura period, and in the Azuchi-momoyama period, when Mitsuhide AKECHI, the lord of Kameyama Castle, probably following such an example, started the Incident at Honno-ji.
- 明治維新の際、北桑田郡山国郷(現在の京都市右京区京北)で勤皇を標榜する山国隊が、南桑田郡馬路村(現在の亀岡市馬路町)では弓箭隊が結成され、山陰道鎮撫総督西園寺公望に従って各地を転戦した。
- During the Meiji Restoration, partisans of the Emperor formed the Yamaguni-tai in Yamagunigou, Kitakuwada District (the present Keihoku, Ukyo-ward, Kyoto city) and the Yumiya-tai in Umajimura, Minamikuwada District, following San'indo Chinbu Sotoku Kinmochi SAIONJI from one place to another to fight.
- しかし、天長節については実際の誕生日からこれを祝う日(祝日)を移動する場合もあった(大正天皇の場合。同様の例はイギリスの女王誕生日Queens Official Birthdayがある)。
- However, in terms of tencho setsu, sometimes the celebration day (holiday) was moved from the actual birthday (for the case of Emperor Taisho. Similar example includes the Queens Official Birthday of England).
- 特に日本画に関心が深く、学習院初等科を卒業した時の作文には正倉院、唐招提寺、京都御所において美術を鑑賞し、奈良鳥類研究所において鳥を描く際の心得についての指導を受けた出来事が記されている。
- She is especially interested in Japanese style painting and on the occasion of her graduation from Gakushuin Primary School she wrote an essay to the effect that she had enjoyed looking at art work in the Shosoin Treasure Repository, Toshodai-ji Temple, and the Kyoto Imperial Palace, and in the essay she also wrote about her experience of being instructed on hints about drawing birds at the Nara Institute for Ornithology.
- 897年(寛平9年)、宇多天皇は皇太子敦仁親王(醍醐天皇)に譲位し、その2年後に自ら造立した仁和寺で出家し法皇と称したが、病気がちの醍醐天皇に代わって、実際の政務を執っていたいう説もある。
- In 897, Emperor Uda abdicated the throne to Crown Prince Atsugimi (Emperor Daigo), and became a priest in Ninna-ji Temple which he built himself and called himself Cloistered Emperor two years later, but there is an assumption that he in fact managed political affairs in place of the oft-ailing Emperor Daigo.
- 池田屋・禁門の変の働きで朝廷・幕府・会津藩より感状と200両余りの褒賞金を下賜されると、元治元年9月に第二次の隊士募集を行い、更に近藤が江戸へ帰郷した際に伊東甲子太郎らの一派を入隊させる。
- After being awarded a letter of appreciation and a reward of over 200 ryo from the Imperial court/shogunate/Aizu Clan, they recruiting a second round of members, and when KONDO returned to Edo, he let Kinetaro ITO and his followers join Shinsen-gumi.
- 令では中宮職を担当の役所となし、『令義解』では「太皇太后……の宮また自ずから中宮なり」とし、中宮職をもって太皇太后に仕える根拠とするが、実際には中宮職と別個に太皇太后宮職をおいて奉仕させた。
- Ryo (administrative code) assigned Chugu-shiki (Office of the Consort's Household) to manage the Grand empress dowager's affairs, quoting Ryo no gige (commentary on the Ryo) as its legal basis which says that 'the Grand empress dowager is Chugu (Empress) accordingly', but, in fact, Taikotaigogu-shiki (Office of the grand empress dowager) was established to serve Grand empress dowager exclusively.
- 更に秀吉は実子の不在を理由に新天皇の弟八条宮智仁親王を猶子とし、将来的には正式な豊臣氏の養子として関白を譲る意向である事を天正16年(1588年)の聚楽第行幸の際に後陽成天皇に奏上している。
- Hideyoshi further adopted the new Emperor's younger brother, Imperial Prince Toshihito HACHIJONOMIYA, since he had no biological child, and he reported to the Emperor during the Imperial visit to Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's palace and office in Kyoto) in 1588 that he would officially adopt the prince as a son of the Toyotomi clan and hand over the position of Kanpaku to him in the future.
- 2009年(平成21年)3月、日本を訪れる外国人観光客向けに、ミシュランガイド観光ガイド (MICHELIN Green Guide Japon) が国際観光振興機構の協力を得て発刊された。
- In March 2009, Michelin's sightseeing guidebook (MICHELIN Green Guide Japon) for foreign sightseers was published with cooperation by Japan National Tourism Organization.
- 料理の記述の文献初出は、『日本書紀』で磐鹿六雁命(イワカムツカリノミコト、高橋氏の祖先)であり、景行天皇が亡き日本武尊を偲んで安房の浮宮へ行幸した際にカツオとハマグリの膾を出した記述である。
- The first historical document concerned with cooking is the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), in which the following description is included: Iwakamutsukari no Mikoto (the ancestor of the Takahashi clan) served a dish of bonito and hamaguri clams to Emperor Keiko when the emperor visited Ukimiya Shrine in Awa thinking of dead Yamato Takeru no Mikoto.
- 実際には「温羅」とはそれまで吉備国を支配していた旧勢力に製鉄技術を供与していた渡来人もしくは地来の豪族であり、旧勢力に義理立てするために吉備津彦(ひいてはヤマト王権)と戦ったと言う見方がある。
- There is a theory that 'Ura' was actually toraijin (immigrants, mainly from China and Korea), who had been giving steel manufacturing techniques to the former rulers of Kibi Province, or local ruling families, and out of loyalty to the former rulers, they fought against Kibitsuhiko (or Yamato rule).
- 「近代化を進めた新政府軍に対して、遅れた旧幕府側の軍隊が対抗できなかったために敗れた」というのは誤りで、実際は旧幕府軍も早くから軍隊の西洋化に取り組んでおり、新政府軍に対して劣っていなかった。
- It is wrong to say that the former Shogunate forces lost to the new government because they could not match the latter's modernized forces; in fact, they had westernized their forces from early on, and thus did not lag behind the new government's forces.
- 寺子屋を世界中に普及させようとしている運動が、国際連合教育科学文化機関が提唱している世界識字教育運動の1つであるユネスコ世界寺子屋運動(World Terakoya Movement)である。
- A movement to establish Terakoya throughout the world as part of improving literacy in the world is the World Terakoya Movement by UNESCO.
- なお明治維新の際、陰陽寮・土御門晴雄が太陽暦導入に反対して、太陰太陽暦に基づく改暦を企図したが、明治2年に晴雄の急逝により計画が中止されたために、天保暦が日本における最後の太陰太陽暦となった。
- Haruo TSUCHIMIKADO of the Bureau of Divination was against introducing the solar calendar and suggested a plan to change the calendar of the lunar solar calendar during the period of the Meiji Restoration, however after he died suddenly, this plan was cancelled and the Tenpo-reki became the last lunar solar calendar in Japan.
- 一度目の元寇である文永の役の際、日本軍は元 (王朝)軍の集団戦法に苦戦した経験から、二度目の元寇である弘安の役では、作戦指令が時宗の名で出され、得宗被官が戦場に派遣されて御家人の指揮にあたった。
- As they had struggled against the group tactics of the Yuan army during the Bunei War (the first attempted invasion by the Mongols), the Japanese army issued orders in Tokimune's name during the Koan War (the second attempted invasion by the Mongols), and a Tokuso vassal was sent to the battlefield to command the gokenin.
- 海軍大佐として巡洋艦「高雄」艦長在任中の明治24年(1891年)、威仁親王はロシア帝国のニコライ皇太子(後のニコライ2世)来日の際、外国留学の経験を買われ明治天皇の名代として接待役を命じられた。
- While the Prince was a Captain of the cruiser 'Takao' in 1891, he was ordered to accompany Prince NicholasⅡ(Later called NicholasⅡ) (Nikolay Aleksandrovich) of Russian Empire who came to visit Japan, as he was credited for some his experience studying overseas.
- しかし承久の乱以後、実際の皇位継承に関しては鎌倉幕府の承認が必要な慣例となっており、仁治3年(1242年)四条天皇の崩御に際し、幕府は有力候補であった岩倉宮忠成王の即位を覆し後嵯峨を即位させた。
- After the Jokyu War, however, approval of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was required for the effective succession of the imperial throne; in fact, because of the demise of Emperor Shijo in 1242, the Kamakura bakufu rejected Prince Iwakuranomiya Tadanari, a promising successor, and instead made Gosaga take over the imperial throne.
- 一説によると、本能寺の変の際、堺市から三河国へ帰国する家康に同行した河内の土豪で、家康の警護をした恩賞として、旧領復帰(2,000石)と加増(2,000石)で4,000石の旗本になったともいう。
- According to a theory, it is also thought that Kiemon Masafusa KAINOSHO was a local clan in Kawachi that was appointed as hatamoto of 4000 koku (2000 of them was the regain of the former territory and the rest 2000 was a raise) as a reward for having served as Ieyasu's guard.
- 円心の子・赤松則祐は第2代将軍・足利義詮や管領の細川頼之を補佐し、京都が南朝 (日本)方に一時占拠された際には、幼い足利義満を自身の居城に避難させて保護するなど、室町幕府の基礎固めにも貢献する。
- Enshin's son, Norisuke AKAMATSU contributed to consolidating the Muromachi bakufu by such ways as assisting the second Shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA and Kanrei (a shogunal deputy) Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, and rescuing and protecting infant Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA at his home base castle when Kyoto was temporally occupied by the Southern Court side.
- この基準は、明治17年(1884年)5月7日に賞勲局総裁柳原前光から太政大臣三条実美に提出された「爵制備考」として提出されたものが元になっており、実際の叙爵もおおむねこの基準に沿って行われている。
- The criterion for the rating was based on a paper 'Study on the Peerage System' written by President of Department of the Decoration Sakimitsu YANAGIWARA and submitted to Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state) Sanetomi SANJO on May 7, 1884; roughly speaking, actual peerages were conferred based on the criterion.
- 詔書の様式については大きく分けて皇室に関する「宮務詔書」と憲法に基づく天皇大権発動の際に出される「政務詔書」の2つに分けられていたが、具体的な種別や手続については「公式令」において定められていた。
- The imperial rescript was largely divided into 'Kyumu Shosho' (Imperial rescript of the Imperial Princes' Household Affairs) that relates to the imperial household and 'Seimu Shosho' (Imperial rescript of State Affairs) that was issued at the time of the emperor's prerogative invocation based on the constitution, but a specific type and procedure was established by 'kushikiryo.'
- 当子内親王が斎宮に卜定されて伊勢下向の儀式「別れの御櫛」に臨んだ際、天皇も斎宮も互いに振り返ってはならない決まりであったのを、父三条天皇は別れがたさに思わず振り返らせてしまったという(『大鏡』)。
- At the ceremony of 'Wakare no Migushi' which was held when Imperial Princess Toshi, who had been appointed to Saigu by divination, was about to depart for Ise Province, her father, Emperor Sanjo, made her look back at him because of the pain of parting, although neither the Emperor nor she was allowed to do so (according to 'Okagami' - the Great Mirror).
- 承久の乱で土佐国に流された土御門上皇(後白河の曾孫)が途中で崇徳天皇の御陵の近くを通った際にその霊を慰めるために琵琶を弾いたところ、夢に崇徳天皇が現われて上皇と都に残してきた家族の守護を約束した。
- The retired Emperor Tsuchimikado (a grand-grandchild of Goshirakawa) was sentenced to deportation to Tosa Province after the Jokyu War, and when he passed near the mausoleum he played the biwa (Japanese lute) to calm Sutoku's spirit; later, the retired Emperor Tshuchimikado had a dream of Sutoku and promised that he would protect himself and his family members left in the city.
- 1951年9月に日本国との平和条約(サンフランシスコ講和条約)が成立し、正式に日本が独立国に復帰した際以来、日本放送協会のラジオ放送で連日放送終了後にオーケストラによる『君が代』の演奏が始まった。
- Since the Peace Treaty with Japan (Peace Treaty signed in San Francisco) was concluded in September 1951 and Japan came back officially as an independent country, 'Kimigayo' was performed by an orchestra every day at the end of radio broadcasting by Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK).
- 他にもJR向日町駅のように、「向日町」の旧町名を市制施行後の今でも地名のように使っている施設などがある(町が市へ昇格した際に「町」も市名に含めた例は新潟県十日町市、長野県大町市などが挙げられる)。
- Additionally, even after the shisei (grant of city status) was implemented, some facilities such as the JR Mukomachi Station have used the old town name 'Muko-machi' for their names as if it were still a name of the place; there are cases such as Tokamachi City, Niigata Prefecture and Omachi City, Nagano Prefecture that included even the part 'machi' (cho, or town) in their city names when towns were given city status.
- 実際、室町幕府の支援で儀式を行った後花園天皇と豊臣政権の支援で儀式を行った正親町天皇の間の戦国時代_(日本)に在位した3代の天皇(後土御門天皇・後柏原天皇・後奈良天皇)は全て在位のまま崩御している。
- The three emperors (Emperor Gotsuchimikado, Emperor Gokashiwabara, and Emperor Gonara) in the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan), between Emperor Gohanazono who carried out his abdication ceremony in support of the Muromachi bakufu and Emperor Ogimachi who carried out his ceremony in support of the Toyotomi regime, died on the throne.
- また、三善康信が為康の血縁であることは間違いないと考えられているが、系譜上為康の子・康信の父とされる三善康光(康久)についての詳細は不明で実際に為康と康信がどのような血縁関係にあるのか定かではない。
- Although it is highly plausible that Yasunobu MIYOSHI was a relative of Tameyasu, little details are known about Yasumitsu (Yasuhisa) MIYOSHI who was depicted on the family tree as a son of Tameyasu and the father of Yasunobu; therefore, the nature of the relationship between Tameyasu and Yasunobu is uncertain.
- 応仁の乱に際しては義敏も義廉も領国に下ってその一円支配を目指すものの、遠江国を今川氏に、越前国を朝倉氏に奪われて領国の大半を失い、尾張国で義敏の子孫が守護代の織田氏に推戴されて存続するのみとなった。
- During the Onin War, Yoshitoshi and Yoshikado went down to their own territories to reign the whole region; however, the Shiba clan lost most of its own territories after Totomi Province was captured by the Imagawa clan and Echizen Province by the Asakura clan, and only a descendant of Yoshitoshi remained in Owari Province as recommended by the Oda clan, which was Shugodai.
- 同32年に皇后の日葉酢媛命(ひばすひめのみこと)が薨去した際、天皇は野見宿禰の進言に従って人・馬などの土物(はにもの)を墓に立てて代替とすることを命じ、以後これが慣例になったという(埴輪の起源譚)。
- When his empress Hibasuhime no mikoto passed away in 3 A.D., by the advise of Nomi no Sukune, the Emperor ordered Haniwa (a clay figure artifact) of people, horses, and so on to be placed in the grave as the substitute for junshi, and since then, it this became the usual practice (the origin of Haniwa).
- ただし、外交において有事が発生した際、その権力者たちも朝廷に相談を持ちかけているため、幕府などの武家政権が内外とも全面的に統治権を行使する認識があったかどうかは考慮が必要である(元寇や黒船来航等)。
- However, whether the samurai governments like the bakufu recognized their right to be used fully in domestic affairs and in diplomatic affairs must be considered, because those men in power consulted the Imperial Court in diplomatic emergencies (the Mongolian Invasions, the Western ship coming to Japan at the end of the Edo period, etc).
- そこで1072年(延久4年)に白河天皇即位の際に実仁親王を皇太弟とし、翌年の輔仁誕生直後に太上天皇となっていた後三条が重態に陥ると、重ねて実仁親王が即位した後には、輔仁親王を皇太弟とするよう遺言した。
- Then when Emperor Shirakawa acceded the throne in 1072, Gosanjo made the younger brother Imperial Prince Sanehito the Crown Prince, and Gosanjo, who retired as Emperor the next year soon after Sukehito was born, became very ill in bed and repeatedly left his will that Sukehito, the next younger brother (who has the right to succeed the position) be the Crown Prince after Imperial Prince Sanehito acceded the throne.
- だが、大規模な軍事衝突にも関わらず、参加諸大名の士気は低く、かと言って勝利の際の利益配分を期待しなかったわけではないため、結果的に首都で延々と11年間も決着が付かない軍事衝突を断続的に行う事になった。
- Yet despite the enormous size of the armies involved, morale among the various participating daimyo was low; this wasn't to say that they weren't hoping to be rewarded if their side was victorious, but as a result of this situation, inconclusive and intermittent fighting ravaged the capital for the next eleven years.
- 頼朝には、自らの支持勢力の権利を確保することが求められており、実際に頼朝は、志田義広、新田義重、佐竹氏や足利忠綱といった関東在住の非支持勢力を排除するか、もしくは、屈服させることに非常に尽力している。
- Yoritomo was asked to maintain the rights for his supporting forces and spent much effort on eliminating or subduing forces based in Kanto that did not support him, such as Yoshihiro SHIDA, Yoshishige NITTA, the Satake clan and Tadatsuna ASHIKAGA.
- 神別姓氏は、さらに、ニニギが天孫降臨した際に付き随った神々の子孫を「天神」とし、瓊瓊杵尊から3代の間に分かれた子孫を「天孫」とし、天孫降臨以前から土着していた神々の子孫を「地祇」として3分類している。
- The clans of Shinbetsu are further divided into three types: 'Tenjin,' descendants of gods that had come with Ninigi for tensonkorin (the descent to earth of the grandson of the sun goddess); 'Tenson' (the grandson of the sun goddess); descendants who branched out in three generations from Ninigi-no Mikoto; and 'Chigi,' descendants of gods that had been on earth since before tensonkorin.
- 高倉上皇の皇子から新帝を擁立する際には、義仲は以仁王の子の北陸宮を推挙するが、後白河は寵姫の高階栄子の影響でこれを退けて尊成親王(後鳥羽天皇)に決定し神器が無いために緊急措置として院宣により即位させた。
- When the new Emperor was to be appointed from Retired Emperor Takakura's Prince, Yoshinaka recommended Hokuriku no Miya; Prince Yukiie who was the son of Prince Mochihito, Goshirakawa refused this recommendation due to his favorite lady, Eishi TAKASHINA's influence, and appointed Prince Takahira (the Emperor Gotoba), and he was enthroned by a command issued from a retired emperor since he did not have three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family.
- 午前8時30分に宮内庁侍従職の当直侍従が、また天皇が行幸及び外国旅行に際して不在でも居残り役の侍従が毎朝御代拝(まいちょうごだいはい)として、賢所、皇霊殿、神殿を天皇に代わって拝礼する行事を行っている。
- An on-duty chamberlain from the Board of Chamberlains, the Imperial Household Agency, or a chamberlain who is told to stay at the Imperial Court to take care of affairs while the Emperor is absent to attend an event or visit another country, performs a rite called Maicho-godaihai (literally, 'every morning worship on behalf of the Emperor') at 8:30 am and worships the deceased at the Kashikodokoro, the Koreiden, and the Shinden on behalf of the Emperor.
- また各国の国旗掲揚、国歌斉唱が脱帽起立のうえ厳粛におこなわれることを根拠として教育現場での日の丸・君が代への否定的対応および拒否を推奨するかのような日教組教育を国際的に非常識なものと批判する主張がある。
- There is also an assertion based on the fact that raising of the national flag and chorus reading of the national anthem are carried out solemnly with hats off and uprising that education in the way of Nikkyoso which seems to recommend negative response or denial of Hinomaru (national flag of Japan) and Kimigayo is internationally preposterous,
- 鎌倉時代に入ると、白河の中心部は「岡崎」と称されるようになり、後鳥羽上皇が承元2年(1208年)に白河に御所を造営した際に「岡崎御所」と称されて(『百錬抄』)以後、岡崎という呼称も用いられるようになる。
- After the Kamakura period (1185-1333) began, the central part of Shirakawa have been referred to as 'Okazaki,' and when the Retired Emperor Gotoba erected his palace in Shirakawa in 1208, it was named the 'Okazaki Imperial Palace' (according to 'Hyakuren sho'--a history book from the Kamakura period); since then, the name of Okazaki have been used too.
- その一方で妃の存在は、外戚としての政治参加を期待する藤原氏のような貴族にとっては障害となる制度であり、実際に藤原基経の娘藤原穏子の醍醐天皇への入内が為子内親王が妃であることを理由に阻まれたと言われている。
- On the other hand, the presence of Hi was an obstacle to nobles like Fujiwara clan who were expecting to participate in politics as a maternal relative, and actually a daughter of FUJIWARA no Mototsune, FUJIWARA no Onshi was blocked to enter into the court because the Imperial Princess Ishi was Hi.
- その際、周辺の民家(畝傍8戸、久米4戸、四条1戸)の一般村計13戸が移転し(『橿原神宮規模拡張事業竣成概要報告』)、洞部落208戸、1054人が1917年(大正6年)に移転した(宮内庁「畝傍部沿革史」)。
- On this occasion, a total of 13 houses in surrounding villages (eight houses in Unebi, four houses in Kume and one house in Shijo) were relocated (summary report of completion of Kashihara-Jingu Shrine's scale widening project); moreover, in 1917, 1,054 people of 208 houses in Ho buraku (hamlet) were moved (Imperial Household Agency, 'Chronology of Unebi部').
- 大喪の礼の参列者は、国外からはイギリスのフィリップ (エディンバラ公)、アメリカ合衆国のジョージ・H・W・ブッシュ大統領、フランスのフランソワ・ミッテラン大統領等、164か国・EC、27国際機関に及んだ。
- There was a large attendance at the ceremony of Taiso no Rei, and they were from 164 countries, the European Communities, and 27 international organizations, including Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh from the United Kingdom, President George H. W. Bush from the United States of America, and President Francois Mitterrand from France.
- 実際には、延喜・天暦期は律令制体制から王朝国家体制へ移行する過渡期に当たっており、様々な改革が展開した時期であり、それらの改革は天皇親政というよりも、徐々に形成しつつあった摂関政治によって支えられていた。
- Actually, the eras of Engi and Tenryaku fell upon the transitional period to the dynasty state from the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code) and the period when various reforms were carried out and these reforms were supported by not the direct rule by emperors but Sekkan governments which had been gradually formed.
- 天皇は日本の歴史において重要な権威を有していたが、実際に君主として統治権を行使していた期間は、天皇が存在していた期間と比べ極端に短く、ほとんどが天皇以外の貴族や武家、官僚などによって統治権は行使されている。
- The Emperor held important authority in Japanese history, but the length of the period which the Emperor held the actual sovereignty as the ruler is extremely short compared to the length of the period the Emperor had existed, and most of the sovereignty was held by nobilities other than the Emperor, samurai families, bureaucracy, etc.
- 8月23日 (旧暦)の敦良親王立太子式から2週間後、内裏から壺切が授けられたが、敦明親王立太子の際にはこれを授けることを拒み、ついに敦明親王は立太子から辞退までの1年半、壺切を受けることがなかったのである。
- Two weeks after the ceremonial investiture of the Crown Prince held for Imperial Prince Atsunaga on October 2, the sword Tsubokiri was given to him from the Imperial Palace; however, at the time of investiture of the Crown Prince held for Imperial Prince Atsuakira, he refused to accept the sword Tsubokiri, and as a result, Imperial Prince Atsuakira did not receive the sword Tsubokiri during a period of one and half years from the investiture of the Crown Prince to his withdrawal from being the Crown Prince.
- 江戸時代の記録から、鈴木重意(重意)という人物が雑賀城主として数万石を領していたという話がよく取り沙汰されるが、実際に鈴木氏が居住していた十ヶ郷は雑賀城のある雑賀荘からみて川の対岸であり、信ずるに足りない。
- In the documents of the Edo period, a person called Shigeoki SUZUKI (or simply 'Shigeoki') frequently appears as the lord of Saiga-jo Castle with a stipend of several tens of thousands koku of crop yield, however, the Jikkago, where the Suzuki clan was actually settled, was on the opposite shore of the Saiga-so estate, and these descriptions lack the credibility.
- 中世熊野詣において京の院や貴族たちが熊野に赴いた際のように、九十九王子を順拝し参詣の道を歩く行為それ自体に信仰上の意義が見出す立場からは、これらの高野・熊野を結ぶ道は単に最短経路という以上のものでしかない。
- Like the imperial family and nobles of Kyoto in the Muromachi period visited Kumano, people in the Edo period visited Kujuku Oji (a series of shrines which were established from the 12th century to the 13th century by the Kumano Shugen priests) and walked the pilgrimage roads, however, for the people who appreciated the religious significance of such visiting and walking, the roads connecting Koya and Kumano were just the shortest routes for their purpose.
- この際、災害の中心地であった十津川本流沿いの幹線道路(今日の国道168号に相当する)の崩壊が著しかったため、当時五條市にあった郡役所への急報が小辺路伝いに届けられただけでなく、救援ルートとしても用いられた。
- Since the then highway (present National Highway 168) along the main stream of Totsu-kawa River which was at the center of the disaster collapsed drastically, the runners used Kohechi to report the disaster promptly to the county office which was located in Gojo City at that time, and people used the road as a rescue route as well.
- 天武天皇8年(679年)5月6日 (旧暦)、天武天皇が吉野に行幸した際、鵜野讃良皇后(後の持統天皇)も列席する中、草壁皇子・大津皇子・高市皇子・忍壁皇子・志貴皇子と共に一同結束を誓う「吉野の盟約」に参加した。
- On May 6, 679, when Emperor Tenmu visited Yoshino, he participated in the Yoshino Pact to swear the unity of Prince Kusakabe, Prince Otsu, Prince Takechi, Prince Osakabe, and Prince Shiki in the face of Empress Uno no Sarara (later Emperor Jito).
- その際の調査結果をまとめた『増上寺徳川将軍家墓とその遺品・遺体』によると、和宮は身長143cm、体重34kg(いずれも推定)であり、骨格の形状から極端な反っ歯と内股が特徴の小柄な女性であったと推定されている。
- According to the result of the investigation at that time called, 'The Zojo-ji Temple, Tokugawa Shogun cemetery and remains, bodies,' Kazunomiya was presumed to be short lady, one meter forty three centimeters tall, her weight was thirty four kilograms, she had extremely buckteeth and tended to walk pigeon-toed.
- 彼らがこうした軍事力を発揮出来た背景には、彼らの父祖の世代が受領に任ぜられた際、狩猟文化を背景に持つ俘囚の武芸を学んでおり、それを基礎とした新式の武芸を編み出していたとする議論(下向井龍彦)が唱えられている。
- There has been an argument (by Tatsuhiko SHIMOMUKAI) that these aristocrats were able to demonstrate their military power because, their grandfathers learned barbaric military arts developed based on hunting culture when they were appointed to zuryo, and these aristocrats developed military arts of a new style based on the original style.
- 兄猾(兄宇迦斯、えうかし)が神武天皇に押機(おし)という罠を仕掛けた際、道臣は兄猾に「おまえが作った屋敷には、貴様自身が入れ」と述べ、剣の柄を握り、弓に矢をつがえ追い込み、兄猾は自身の罠に押しつぶされて死んだ。
- When Eukashi set up a trap called 'Oshi' (crusher) to kill Emperor Jinmu, Michinoomi said to Eukashi, you should step in first, now that you yourself made the residence,' and as he forced Eukashi to enter his residence with the trap, gripping the sword by the hilt and fixing the arrow to the bow with the tip of the arrow to him, Eukashi was smashed by his own trap and died.
- 伏見宮家の縁故で、女流漢学者で勤王論者の若江薫子(1835―1881年)が家庭教師として忠香の娘たちの養育に携わっていたが、女御を一条家から出すのに際し、薫子は姉を差し置いて妹の寿栄君を推薦したと言われている。
- Through connections of the Fushimi-no-Miya family, Nioko WAKAE, a female scholar of Chinese classics and an imperialist (1835-1881), was involved in the nurturing of Tadaka's daughters as a tutor, but in the face of choosing a consort from the ICHIJO family, Nioko is said to have recommended the younger sister Suegimi over the older sister.
- 一方、師直は、武士たちが幕府に敵対したり南朝側についたりしないよう、十分な恩賞を与える必要を感じ、守護・地頭やその配下という形で公家や寺社の荘園を実際に管理している武家が土地支配者となるべきであると考えていた。
- On the other hand, Moronao felt it necessary to give sufficient reward to bushi to prevent them from confronting the bakufu or supporting the Southern Court, and thought that buke who had been the actual managers of the shoen of kuge, temples and shrines as shugo (constable) or jito (land steward) should become the landlord.
- 一代限りの身分ではあるが、実際には引退に際し子弟や縁者を後継者とすることで世襲は可能であり、また薄給ながら生活を維持できるため、後にその権利が「株」として売買され、富裕な農民・商人の次・三男の就職口ともなった。
- The status of ashigaru was restricted to a single generation but in actuality could be inherited by a child or relative upon retirement and, this right later went on to be bought and sold as 'kabu' and also became a position of employment for the second and third sons of wealthy farmers and merchants, because they could make their living by being an ashigaru although their salaries were low.
- 中国三国時代 (中国)の呉 (三国)の太子孫和の例など、宮廷闘争や政争の結果として発生することが多いが、対象者が実際に皇位・王位継承者として不適格であるがゆえに緊急避難的措置として行われる場合もしばしば存在する。
- Although many of the disinheritance cases resulted from imperial-court or political strives, as in the example of Sun He, who was a prince of Wu who lived in the Three Kingdoms period (China), heirs were often disinherited because they were deemed incompetent as a crown prince on an emergent basis.
- 戦国時代 (日本)においては、相模国の戦国大名である北条氏康が大飢饉の発生に際して北条氏政への家督相続を行い、「代初めの徳政」を行った事例があるなど、「代初めの徳政」が定着していたことをうかがい知ることができる。
- During the Sengoku period (period of warring states), there was a case where the lord of Sagami Province (western Kanagawa), Ujiyasu HOJO, passed the position of family head to Ujimasa HOJO and started 'Tokusei upon family head change' when there was a great famine, suggesting that 'Tokusei upon family head change' was an established practice.
- 『吉記』治承4年11月30日 (旧暦)(1180年12月18日)条によれば、安徳天皇が平清盛の六波羅第に滞在中の高倉上皇の元に行幸しようとした際に、記主の吉田経房が辺土への行幸に神鏡を持ち出す事に異論を唱えている。
- According to the December 25, 1180 entry in 'Kikki' (a diary of Tsunefusa YOSHIDA), the author Tsunefusa YOSHIDA objected to the taking of the divine mirror on the imperial visit to Hendo when Emperor Antoku planned to visit the Retired Emperor Takakura who was staying at the Rokuhara-tei residence of TAIRA no Kiyomori.
- 室町幕府の財政は幕府直轄の御料所からの収入が主であったが、南北朝の戦乱の際に敵対する南朝側より狙われて奪取されたり、自軍への恩賞にされてしまうケースも多く、鎌倉幕府や江戸幕府に比べて小規模であったと考えられている。
- The majority of the financial income of Muromachi Bakufu came from Goryo-sho (御料所), which was directly controlled by Bakufu; but often, during the war of the Northern and Southern Courts, the Goryo-sho became a target and were taken by the opposing Nancho side, or were given away as rewards for one's own army, and the scale of Goryo-sho is considered to be smaller than that of Kamakura Bakufu or Edo Bakufu.
- 平成4年(1992年)にアメリカ41代大統領ジョージ・H・W・ブッシュが来日した際には、皇太子徳仁親王とペアを組んで大統領とマイケル・アマコスト日本駐箚アメリカ合衆国大使とダブルスで2回対戦し、2回とも勝利している。
- When the 41st U.S. President George H. W. Bush came to Japan in 1992, pairing with the Crown Prince Naruhito, he played two doubles tennis matches with the U.S. President paired with Michael Armacost, the U.S. Ambassador to Japan, and won both matches.
- 1945年(昭和20年)の終戦の際には、宮内省は、1官房2職8寮2局のほか、内大臣府、掌典職、御歌所、帝室博物館、帝室林野局、学習院など13の外局と京都事務所を持ち、職員6,200人余を擁する大きな組織となっていた。
- In 1945, at the end of the war, the Imperial Household Ministry had became a big organization with 13 extra-ministerial bureaus such as Naidaijin-fu (Minister of Interior's Office), ceremonial staff, Outadokoro (Imperial Poetry Bureau), Imperial Household Museum, Imperial Forestry Bureau, and The Gakushuin School Corporation, and Imperial Household Agency Kyoto Office as well as one Secretariat, two offices, eight bureaus, and two departments, and had more than 6.200 employees.
- 事実、織田信長は「藤原信長」と称しているが、その根拠はここから来ていると言われており、実際に天文 (元号)18年(1549年)11月、熱田八ヶ村の熱田神宮で自ら「藤原信長」と認(したた)めている(『加藤文書』より)。
- In fact, it is said that Nobunaga ODA called himself 'Nobunaga FUJIWARA' for this reason, and he wrote his name 'Nobunaga FUJIWARA' in Atsuta-jingu Shrine in Atsuta Yatsugamura in November, 1549 (from 'Kato bunsho').
- 皇女正子内親王を大伴に嫁がせたこともそうであるが、その最大のものは、弘仁14年(824年)に大伴に譲位するに際して、もともと天皇が譲位とともに自動的にその地位につくものとされていた太上天皇の地位を辞退したことである。
- One sign was to wed his princess, Imperial Princess Masako to Otomo, but the most significant was when he abdicated the throne to Otomo in 824, he declined the position of Retired Emperor even if it was a position automatically assumed to be taken up by the abdicating emperor.
- しかし、名和長年同様に季房から則景へと繋がる系譜の確証となる資料がないため、近時、赤松則村(赤松円心)が北畠親房との縁により、後醍醐天皇方に参戦した際に北畠家の属する村上源氏の末裔を自称することを許可された説もある。
- However, similar to the case of Nagatoshi NAWA, there is no document that confirms the lineage from Suefusa to Norikage, and recently, there is a theory arguing that Norimura AKAMATSU (Enshin AKAMATSU) was allowed to proclaim himself as a descendant of the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) when joining the Emperor Godaigo side because of the connection with Chikafusa KITABATAKE, and since the Kitabatake family belonged to the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan).
- 眉輪王の物語が暗殺の実情を隠蔽する目的の述作であるとすると、眉輪王を匿ったために滅ぼされたという記紀の筋書きにも疑問が生じ、実際の滅亡原因は、大泊瀬皇子のライバルである押磐皇子と連携していたことにあった可能性が高い。
- If we interpret this incident in the story of Emperor Mayowa as a jussaku (literary work) which conceals the real reason of his assasination, there is a high possibility that the cause of their fall was due to the Katsuraki clan's alliance with Prince Oshihano, who was the rival for Prince Ohatsuse.
- たとえば「マージャンで、実際の手とは全く異なる手が出来ているように言い、相手を油断させたり警戒させたりする」「モータースポーツの予選でのかけひきで、実力よりはるかに遅いタイムを出してライバルチームを油断させる」など。
- Examples are, 'in mah-jongg, saying to have a hand which is completely different from the real one, to put the opponents off their guard or set them on their guard,' or, 'in a preliminary match of motor sports, running in a far worse time than the real ability as a strategy for putting the rivals off guard,' and so on.
- なお、六波羅探題周辺には、征夷大将軍上洛の際の御所が設置されており、元弘の変の際に花園上皇や量仁親王ら持明院統の皇族が六波羅探題北方の内部にあった将軍滞在用の桧皮屋に仮の御所を置いている(『続史愚抄』・『増鏡』など)。
- Around rokuhara tandai, the residence used when seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') came to central Kyoto was constructed, and members of the Imperial Family from the Jimyoin line such as, Retired Emperor Hanazono and Imperial Prince Kazuhito, established their temporary residences in Hinoki-kawaya, a place for the shogun to stay, inside an area north of Rokuhara tandai during the Genko Incident ('Zokushigusho,' 'Masukagami' (a historical story), etc.)
- 後述する数々の創作物の影響もあり、幕末、京都の治安維持の主力を担っていたのは新選組であるとの認識も一般には強いが、実際は重要な御所近辺は会津直轄隊の精鋭2000人、その周りは幕臣で構成される見廻組500人が固めていた。
- Due to the impact of many works which will be described later, there is a strong general understanding that Shinsen-gumi took a leading part in maintenance of public order in Kyoto during the last days of the shogunate, but actually, the important area around the Imperial Palace was guarded by 2,000 elite troops under direct control of the Aizu Clan, and around that were another 500 men of Kyoto Mimawarigumi, composed of vassals of the shogunate.
- 千五郎家には正虎が江戸での修行時代に家元より拝領した虎寛本系の台本があるにはあったが、既に時代も変わり、実際の千五郎家の狂言とは細部においてかなり違いが生じていたので、千五郎家の証本を新たに作り直す必要があったのである。
- The Sengoro family had scripts of Torahiro-bon (scripts written by Torahiro) that was gifted from the head family of the Kyogen school during Masatora's apprenticeship in Edo (present Tokyo), however, the times had changed and there were considerable differences in detail between these scripts and those of the Sengoro family, so it was required to newly rewrite the original scripts for the Sengoro family.
- 安康天皇が彼の同母妹の草香幡梭皇女と弟の雄略天皇を結婚させようとした際、彼は承諾したものの、その印として献上された宝冠、押木珠縵を使者根使主が盗み、それを隠すために断ったと虚偽の報告をしてしまい、その結果殺されてしまう。
- When Emperor Anko tried to marry his younger brother, Emperor Yuryaku, with Kusaka no Hatabi no Himemiko who was the younger maternal half-sister of Imperial Prince Okusaka, Imperial Prince Okusaka consented, but Kebutsu (the Artificial Buddha) and Oshiki no Tamakatsura Crown which were presented as a token of his consent were stolen by his envoy, Nenoomi; in order to hide this, Nenoomi gave a false report that Imperial Prince Okusada had not consented, and as a result, Imperial Prince Okusada was killed.
- 日本の桓武天皇が延暦9年壬辰12月1日 (旧暦)(791年1月9日)に外祖父母を追贈した際の詔において「春秋之義。祖以子貴。此則礼經之垂典。帝王之恒範。」として、礼制に適った行為であることを強調している(『続日本紀』)。
- When Emperor Kanmu of Japan raised his maternal grand parents to higher rank posthumously on January 13, 791, he emphasized that his act follows the system of rites by saying '春秋之義。祖以子貴。此則礼經之垂典。帝王之恒範。' in his imperial decree ('Shoku Nihongi' - Chronicles of Japan Continued).
- ところで、古今和歌集巻七の賀歌22首のうち18首は、特定の個人の具体的な祝い(ほとんどが算賀だが出生慶賀もある)に際して詠まれたものだが、最初の4首は読み人知らずで、作歌年代も古いと見られ、歌が作られた事情もわからない。
- In Volume seven of the Kokin-Wakashu, eighteen wakas out of twenty-two gaka were made on the occasion of concrete celebrations of specific individuals (most of them for longevity, but some were for celebrating birth.), the author is not known for the first four wakas and they seem to have been made in an older time and under a situation which is not known.
- 応保2年(1162年)、後白河が日宋貿易の発展を目論んで摂津の大輪田泊を修築した際、清盛は隣接地の福原に日宋貿易の拠点として山荘を築いているが、このことは、後白河と清盛が共同して日宋貿易に取り組んでいたことを示している。
- In 1162, Goshirakawa renovated Owada no tomari in Settsu with an eye on developing trade between Japan and Song, and Kiyomori built a mountain residence in the neighboring Fukuhara as a base for Japan-Song trade, showing that Goshirakwa and Kiyomori worked together to develop Japan-Song trade.
- 通季の曾孫西園寺公経のとき、源頼朝の姪を妻としていたことから承久の乱に際して鎌倉幕府の縁者として警戒されて朝廷に幽閉され、かえって乱後に幕府の信任を受けて関東申次として朝廷の実権を握り、太政大臣にまでのぼって家格を高めた。
- Kintsune SAIONJI, who was a great grandson of Michisue, was confined by the imperial court during the Jokyu-no-ran War because, having married the niece of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, he was being watched over as a relative of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun); after the war, however, Kintsune gained the confidence of the shogunate, wielded the real power in the imperial court through holding the office of Kanto Moshitsugi, and rose to the position of Daijo daijin (grand minister of state), raising the social standing of the Saionji Family.
- 兵力の差は歴然で、少弐貞経が足利軍のために調達した装備は菊池軍の大宰府攻撃の際に焼失していたため、当初は宮方の菊池軍が優勢であったが、菊池軍に大量の裏切りが出たため戦況は逆転し、菊池軍は総崩れで敗走し、阿蘇惟直は戦死する。
- At first Kikuchi's forces on the Imperial side were superior because the Ashikaga forces were greatly outnumbered and the military equipment obtained by Sadatsune SHONI was destroyed by fire during the attack of Dazaifu; the situation, however, was reversed due to betrayal by many warriors in Kikuchi's forces: leading Kikuchi's forces to collapse and flee, and in the meantime, Korenao ASO died in battle.
- 「徳政(とくせい)」とは天人相関思想に基づき、代替わり或いは災害などに伴い改元が行われた際に天皇が行う貧民救済活動や神領興行(儀式遂行とその財源たる所領等の保障)、訴訟処理などの社会政策のことであり、「新制」とも呼ばれる。
- Tokusei' (acts of Virtuous Government), also called 'Shinsei' (new system), are social policies that the Emperor initiated upon ascending to the throne or when the name of the era was changed because of natural disasters, etc. and were based on the theory of correlation between heaven and man and entailed activities to save the poor, 'Shinryo-kogyo' (conducting ceremonies and securing property for revenue) and court case processing.
- また、大正には、西舞鶴駅-宮津駅間の鉄道敷設に際し、当初、この峠を経て由良川に出、川沿いに北上させる計画であったが、工事に困難を極め、現在のルート(北近畿タンゴ鉄道北近畿タンゴ鉄道宮津線西舞鶴駅~丹後神崎駅)に敷設された。
- In addition, there was a plan to build a rail road between Nishi-Maizuru and Miyazu Stations across the mountain pass by jutting out at the Yura-gawa River and running it north along the river, but construction proved difficult and it was constructed on the current route (Kitakinki Tango Railway Miyazu Line Nishi-Maizuru Station - Tango Kanzaki Station).
- 『上宮記』逸文は近年、黛弘道の研究によって推古朝の遺文である可能性も指摘され、その内容の信憑性や実際の血統については前述のとおり議論が分かれているものの原帝紀の編纂(欽明天皇朝か)と同じ頃に系譜伝承が成立したものと思われる。
- Recently, Hiromichi MAYUZUMI's study pointed out the possibility that the surviving fragment of 'Joguki' is a remaining document from the Reign of Empress Suiko, and, even though its credibility and the truth of genealogy remain an open question as mentioned above, the tradition of genealogy appears to have been established around the same time as when Gentekiki (the ur-text of Teiki [records of Emperor's family tree]) was compiled (possibly in the reign of Emperor Kinmei).
- その江戸幕府においても高家が大名に礼儀作法を伝授する際に受け取る「束脩」などは一種の幕府公認の礼銭であり、かの『忠臣蔵』の最初の場面である浅野長矩と吉良義央の遣り取りも実は「束脩」の性質を巡るトラブルと考える事も可能である。
- In the Edo bakufu, however, the 'sokushu' (initiation fees) that Koke (government position in charge of rituals and ceremonies) received from Daimyo when teaching manners can be considered to be a type of reisen officially recognized by the bakufu; in fact, it is possible to assume that the fight between Naganori ASANO and Yoshihisa KIRA in the first scene of the 'Chusingura' (The treasury of Loyal Retainers) was over the nature of the 'sokushu.'
- しかし、忠平の後に実際に政務をリードしたのは太政官筆頭である左大臣藤原実頼であり、村上治世を天皇親政の理想の時代とするのは、11世紀以降に摂関政治で不遇をかこった中下流の文人貴族による意識的な喧伝だったのだと考えられている。
- However, the person who led the governance after Tadahira was the head of Daijokan (Department of State) and also Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) FUJIWARA no Saneyori, and it is thought to have been conscious propaganda to admire Murakami's reign as the ideal of imperial governance by the middle- and lower-ranked literary nobility in and after 11th century.
- また、同年に宮内大輔の吉井友実が以前に社長を務めていた日本鉄道の上野駅-高崎駅間開通式典に出席した際に、明治天皇は出席に乗り気ではなく天気も一日中雨であったが、皇后は終始笑顔で応対し吉井を感激させた(吉井の宮島誠一郎宛書簡)。
- Also in the same year, when Empress Dowager Shoken attended the opening ceremony of Nippon Railway Ueno Station – Takasaki Station, which Tomozane YOSHII who was the Kunai-taifu (post of Imperial Household Ministry) used to be president of, the empress handled the event with a smile throughout the whole time even though Emperor Meiji did not show much enthusiasm to attend and it was raining all day; YOSHII was greatly touched because of this (a letter written by YOSHII to Seiichi MIYAJIMA).
- 嵯峨と皇位継承紛争を防ぐために、それぞれの直系を互いに皇位につける迭立(てつりつ)を採用することとし、実際、嵯峨-淳和-仁明天皇(嵯峨の子)と皇位継承され、仁明の次も恒貞親王(淳和の子、母は嵯峨の皇女)が皇太子に立てられていた。
- To prevent the dispute against Emperor Saga of Imperial succession, there was an agreement to share Imperial succession from both direct Imperial lines, in fact, the succession was conducted such as Emperor Saga - Emperor Junna - Emperor Ninmyo (Emperor Junna's child), after Emperor Ninmyo, Imperial Prince Tsunesada (Emperor Junna's child, his mother was Emperor Saga's Princess) was appointed as Crown Prince.
- しかし実際には自身が病弱である事、重度の吃音である事、実家の母から過大な期待を寄せられている事、同寺が観光客の参観料で運営されており、僧侶よりも事務職の方が幅を利かせるなどの現実から、厭世感情からくる複雑な感情が入り乱れていた。
- However, the truth was that it was much more complicated because HAYASHI was pessimistic towards life, based on him being rather sickly with serious dysphemia, while his mother had placed extremely high hopes on him.
- 江戸時代には日本の古典研究などを行う国学が発達し、外国船の来航が多発し、アメリカのマシュー・ペリーやロシアのプチャーチンらが来航して通商を求めると、幕府は条約締結に際して朝廷の勅許を求めたため、天皇、朝廷の伝統的権威が復興する。
- During the Edo period the study of Japanese literature and culture (particularly the study of Japanese classic literature) flourished, and many foreign vessels came to Japan; when Matthew Calbraith Perry of the United States and Evfimiy Vasil'evich Putyatin of Russia came to Japan and requested trade, Bakufu requested permission by the Imperial Court, whereupon the traditional authority of the Emperor and the Imperial Court were revived.
- この嵐が伊勢神宮をはじめとする諸神社によって盛んに行われた異敵調伏の祈祷と成果とする喧伝と実際に戦闘を行った武士達が元王朝の集団戦法に苦戦して神への加護を求めていたという事実が、日本を神国とする認識を国内各層に浸透させる事となった。
- There was a legend that prayer organized in various shrines such as the Ise-jingu Shrine, used to beat the opposition worked well, and also the fact, that Samurai who struggled to fight back against the former dynasty's group tactics and asked for protection from god, further spread the idea within Japan that Japan was Shinkoku.
- 後に紀伝道(中国史)・文章道(文学)・明経道(儒教)・明法道(法律)・算道の学科構成となり、更に紀伝と文章が統合された(紀伝が文章に吸収統合されたと言うのは後世の誤りで、実際は博士号は「文章(博士)」、学科は「紀伝(道)」と称した)。
- Afterwards, Daigaku-ryo comprised Kidendo (the study of Chinese history), Monjodo (literature), Myogyodo (the study of Confucian classics), Myobodo (study of Codes), and Sando (study of mathematics) while Kidendo and Monjodo were integrated later (people of succeeding generations assumed that Kidendo was absorbed by Monjodo but this is wrong. In reality, the name of the doctorate was 'Monjo Hakase' while the name of the department was 'Kiden (do).'
- しかし、一般に「君」は琉球の祭祀をつかさどる祝女(ノロ)を意味し、「手摩」は祈祷の際に手をすり合わせることを意味すること、また君手摩を行事として記載する別の史料もあることから、君手摩は神名ではなく、宗教儀式名であると解釈する説もある。
- However, since 'kimi' generally means female priest (Noro) who administers religious rites in Ryukyu, and 'tezuri' means rubbing one's hands at the time of prayer, Kimitezuri is interpreted as a name of a religious ceremony, not as the name of a god in a different theory.
- なお、流罪の場合でも非常赦と呼ばれる特別な恩赦が出ない限りは生涯流刑地から離れることは許されず、また死刑の際に付随される親族の連坐や除名、資財田宅の没官は宥免されなかったことから、当時の社会においては社会的に完全に抹殺される効果はあった。
- In the case of banishment, it was not permitted to leave the place where one was banished for life unless special amnesty called hijosha was granted, and family members could not be pardoned from guilt-by-association, also, expulsion, and impounding of assets and farm/housing land that went along with the death sentence, which effectively and entirely denied their social existence in those times.
- その際和歌山県田辺市との重複を避けるため、京都府の「京」を冠して『京田辺市』となった京都府綴喜郡田辺町を「京都府田辺市」とする町を市とする処分(市制施行)と、「京都府田辺市」を「京都府京田辺市」とする市の名称変更が、同日に実施されている。
- Kyoto Tsuzuki-gun Tanabe Chou (Town) was made a city by the name of Kyoto Tanabe City, in order to avoid confusion with Tanabe City in Wakayama Prefecture, and then had its name changed to Kyoto Kyoutanabe City (it was added 'Kyo'of Kyoto) the same day.
- 今日の歴史学界において、江戸時代の朝廷及び地下官人の研究を行う際には、その実態を重視して伝統的な公家名鑑類において定義付けられた「地下官人之棟梁」=両局という図式は採用せず、「地下官人之棟梁」=三催という位置付けで行われるようになっている。
- When today's historians refer to the Imperial Court and the lower ranking officials during the Edo period in their research, they customarily adopt the definition of 'the heads of the lower ranking officials = Sansa,' instead of 'the heads of the low ranked officials = Kyokumu and Kanmu,' adopted in the traditional court noble directories, to place the actual conditions first.
- だが、実際の政務を行っているのが最大の荘園領主である摂関家以下有力貴族であったこと、国司側も任期が終了に近づくと次の役職を得るための一種の猟官運動として有力貴族による荘園実施を認める傾向にあったために多くの例外が生まれ、実効性が乏しかった。
- However, since actual government affairs were performed by sekkan-ke and powerful nobles who were also the most powerful manor lords, and kokushi, towards the end of their term, who had a tendency to approve manors by powerful nobles as a form of office-seeking activity to secure their next post, it was not very effective with many exceptional cases.
- なお、徳富蘇峰の『近世日本国民史』以来、天皇が幕府の圧力によって退位したとする説があるが、実際には退位後においても積極的に政治や学問の振興策を主導しており、むしろ幕府からの干渉を避けるために院政による政治運営を行う狙いがあったと考えられている。
- There is a theory that the Emperor abdicated under pressure from the government after the publication of 'Modern Japanese History,' by Soho TOKUTOMI; however, it is considered that after his abdication, he aimed to focus on ruling the cloister government without pressure from the government, doing so by actively promoting political and academic programs.
- 1334年正月に定められた「建武」の年号は、中国の後漢王朝の25年に劉秀(光武帝)が王莽を滅ぼし漢王朝を復興した際に定めた元号であり、先例に反し、辛酉革命説により「武」の一字が不吉であると断固反対した公家衆の反対を押し切って定めたものであった。
- The 'Kenmu' era name, established in the first month of 1334, was the era name chosen in China in the twenty-fifth year of the later Han dynasty, when Liu Xiu (Emperor Guangwu) destroyed Wang Mang and restored the Han dynasty to power; he went against precedent, and despite the fact that it was the fifty-eighth year of the sixty-year cycle and it was taboo to use the character 'mu' (samurai) in that year, he overcame the resolute opposition of the nobility and selected 'Kenmu' as the era name anyway.
- 第二次世界大戦後に研究が進むと、潜在的に不満を抱いていた中下流の文人貴族層による過大な評価であることが明らかとなり、またその時期の実際の政策も宇多天皇期及びその後の宇多上皇による事実上の院政下で行われたものの延長でしかないことが明らかになった。
- As further research was done after World War II, it became apparent that the eras were overrated by people in the literary nobility in the middle and lower classes who were potentially frustrated at the system of rule at the time, and the actual policies of that time were merely an extension of the ones by the Emperor Uda era and under Insei (rule by the retired emperor) of consecutive reign by Retired Emperor Uda.
- 羽織のダンダラは忠臣蔵の赤穂浪士が吉良邸に討ち入りするときに着ていた羽織の柄で、浅葱色は武士が切腹の時に着る切腹裃の色だと伝えられているが、羽織は実際には最初の1年ほどで廃止されたらしく、池田屋事件の時に着用していたとする証言が最後の記録である。
- The mountain-like patterns on short coats are those of Ako Roshi of Chushingura, when they marched into and attacked the KIRA residence, and very light blue is said to be the color of the seppuku kamishimo worn by a samurai when he commits hara-kiri, but the short coats of Shinsen-gumi seem to have been abolished after the 1st year, and the last recorded instance of the coats being worn was in the Ikedaya Incident.
- なお、公式令の規定に従えば、詔書と違って天皇が直接署名などの行為を行うことはないが、実際の運用においては、法的には勅旨で出される事項であった場合でも天皇が重要と認識した場合には、天皇が詔書と同様に日付などを加えた勅旨を特に発給されるケースもあった。
- In addition, according to the regulations in Kushiki-ryo, unlike the Shosho, the emperor does not perform behaviors such as direct signature; however, in actual practice, even in the case of matters which should be issued by imperial order according to the law, if the emperor considered it important, the emperor might in particular issue an imperial order with date and other items added like Shosho (imperial edict, decree).
- 孫の松田元輝の代になると宇喜多直家の力が強大になり、子の松田元賢に直家の娘と婚姻させ、姻戚関係を結ぶ、更には当時美作・備中への影響力が強かった尼子晴久が浦上氏を攻撃すべく備前へ侵攻してきた際には、尼子方に属するなどによって勢力の維持を図ろうとした。
- In the time of his grandson Mototeru MATSUDA, when Naoie UKITA increased his influences, he had his son Motokata MATSUDA marry a daughter of Naoie to ally, and further, he took sides with Haruhisa AMAGO, who had strong influence in Mimasaka and Bicchu at the time, advancing to Bizen to attack the Uragami clan, by which he tried to maintain his power.
- 戦国時代_(日本)には、湖上水運によってルイス・フロイスによって「甚だ富裕なる町」と評された堅田であったが、織田信長の上洛後に起きたいわゆる「信長包囲網」の蜂起に際しては、本願寺や延暦寺及び交易相手であった朝倉氏との関係から反信長陣営に立っていた。
- Katata, which was described as 'a remarkably rich town' by Luis FROIS owing to its water transportation in the Sengoku period, joined anti-Nobunaga camp when 'anti-Nobunaga network' was formed after Nobunaga's going to Kyoto, because of the relationships between Hongan-ji and Enryaku-ji Temples and the Asakura clans, with whom Katata people bartered.
- 応神天皇の崩御後、皇位を継ごうと企み、有力候補の菟道稚郎子・大鷦鷯皇子(後の仁徳天皇)らを殺害しようと数百の兵とともに挙兵するが、船で淀川を渡る際に、計画を察知した大鷦鷯皇子から話を聞いた菟道稚郎子が渡し守に紛し、船をわざと転覆させたため、水死した。
- After Emperor Ojin passed away, he plotted to succeed the Imperial Throne, and with hundreds of soldiers, he raised an army against Iratsuko UJINOWAKI and Osasagi no miko (the later Emperor Nintoku) who were strong candidates for the succession, but when he was crossing the Yodo-gawa River on a ship, he drowned because Iratsuko UJINOWAKI who heard the story from Osasagi no miko that suspected Oyamamori no miko's plan, disguised himself as a ferryman and purposely capsized the ship.
- 東海道・山陽新幹線沿線からは、大阪市内や神戸市内と比べて関西地区の各空港との距離が離れている事(一番近い大阪国際空港でも1時間はかかる)や、京都駅にのぞみ (列車)をはじめ全ての列車が停車することから、新幹線が航空機に対して圧倒的に優位に立っている。
- From places along the Tokaido and Sanyo Shinkansen lines, the Shinkansen has a clear advantage over airplanes since, compared to Osaka City and Kobe City, Kyoto City is far away from airports in the Kansai area (at least an hour away from the nearest, Osaka International Airport) and every train (including the Nozomi) stops at Kyoto Station.
- もと「穴太」(あなふ)と書いたが、後村上天皇が皇居を吉野からこの地に移した際に、南朝による統一を願って叶名生(かなう)と改め、さらに1351年(正平 (日本)6年、北朝_(日本)の観応2年)、いったん統一が叶うと(正平一統)「賀名生」に改めたという。
- Originally it was written as '穴太' (read as 'Anafu'); however, when the Emperor Gomurakami moved the Imperial Palace from Yoshino to this place, he changed the characters to 名生 (read as 'Kanau', which in Japanese means 'wish coming true') with the hope for unification by the Southern Court, and once the unification was realized in 1351 (Shohei Itto [temporal unification of the Northern and Southern Courts]), he changed the name to '賀名生' (read as 'Kanau').
- 主に「単立寺院」(仏教)「単立神社」(神道)「単立教会」(キリスト教)というように、何らかの宗派・教派・上位組織に属している事が暗黙に前提される伝統宗教の寺院・神社・教会等に対して、その前提に立たない特例的存在であることを示す際に用いられることが多い。
- Unlike temples, shrines, churches of old-line religions, that are implicitly assumed to be part of some sort of religious schools, sects, and superior organizations, the term Tanritsu, that mainly refers to 'Tanritsu-jiin' (nonsectarian temples) (Buddhism), 'Tanritsu-jinja' (independently incorporated shrines) (Shinto), and 'Tanritsu-kyokai' (non-denominational churches) (Christianity), is in many ways used to show that they are exceptional beings and that they are not assumed to be part of any religious schools, sects or superior organizations.
- 早世した草壁皇子だが、両親・妻・息子・娘と近親者(さらに次女・吉備内親王の夫、長屋王も実際は特例として親王待遇を受け、皇位継承権があったとの説が指摘されている)の殆どが皇位につき、彼の子孫達は天武系の嫡流として奈良時代における文化・政治の担い手となった。
- Prince Kusakabe died at an early age, however, most of his families including his parents, wife, sons, daughters and close relatives took throne (moreover the theory that Prince Nagaya, who was the husband of his second daughter Imperial Princess Kibi was also treated as Imperial Prince as a special case and had the right of succession to the Imperial Throne has been pointed out), while his descendants became bearers of culture and politics as main branch of the Imperial line from the Emperor Tenmu in Nara Period.
- また、懐良親王が「良懐」として明と冊封関係を結んでしまったため、義満が日明貿易(勘合貿易)を開始する際に新たに建文帝から冊封をうけ「日本国王」となるまでは、北朝や薩摩の島津氏なども明に使節を送る場合は「良懐」の名義を用いねばならないという事態も発生した。
- Because Imperial Prince Kanenaga was in Sakuho relationship (vassal relationship) with Ming as '良懐,' to commence Japan-Ming trade (the tally trade), the Northern Court or the Shimazu clan in Satsuma Province had to use the name of '良懐' to send an ambassador to Ming until Yoshimitsu was granted the title of 'King of Japan' under sakuho by Kenbun-tei (Jianwen Emperor).
- 第3回気候変動枠組条約締約国会議(だい3かいきこうへんどうわくぐみじょうやくていやくこくかいぎ)は、1997年12月に国際連合により国立京都国際会館(京都府京都市)で開催された、温室効果ガス排出規制に関する国際的な合意形成を主な目的とした国際会議である。
- The Third Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP3, the Third Session of the Conference of the Parties) held on December in 1997 by the United Nations in the Kyoto International Conference Center (Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture), was an international conference of which the main object was to reach an international consensus on regulations concerning the emission of greenhouse gases,
- 舞鶴港が1951年(昭和27年)に重要港湾に指定、また1995年(平成7年)には日本海側港湾では初めてFAZ(輸入促進地域)の指定を受けるなど、中華人民共和国や大韓民国、ロシアなど定期コンテナ航路を有する国際貿易港を持つ交流・物流都市としての性格を持つ。
- Since Maizuru Port was designated as an Important Port in 1951 and also designated the first among the Japan Sea coast ports as FAZ (Foreign Access Zone), it has thus taken on the characteristic of a logistics/trade city functioning as an international trade port with periodical container carrier routes between the People's Republic of China, Republic of Korea and Russian Federation.
- なお、実際には天皇・皇后・太皇太后・皇太后の墓の他にも、「追尊天皇」・「尊称天皇」の墓所や、いわゆる「神代三代」(日向三代とも、ニニギ・ホオリ・ウガヤフキアエズ)の墓所、ヤマトタケルの墓所の一部および飯豊青皇女(飯豊天皇とも)の墓所は「陵」を名乗っている。
- In addition, other than the graves for the emperor, the empress, the grand empress dowager, and the empress dowager, all of the following are called 'mausoleum,' such as the graveyards of 'Emperor Tsuison' (a title of emperor given to an imperial prince who never ascended to the imperial throne after his death), 'Emperor Sonsho' (a title of Retired Emperor given to an imperial prince who never ascended to the imperial throne during his lifetime), so-called 'Kamiyo Sanyo' (three deities) (also called Hinata Sanyo, Ninigi, Hoori, and Ugayafukiaezu), a part of graveyard of Yamato Takeru, and a graveyard of Iitoyo no himemiko (Crown Princess Iitoyo) (also called Emperor Iitoyo).
- これらの中で三島由紀夫は「自分の吃音や不幸な生い立ちに対して金閣における美の憧れと反感を抱いて放火した」と分析し、水上勉は「寺のあり方、仏教のあり方に対する矛盾により美の象徴である金閣を放火した」と分析したが、実際のところ真相は解き明かされる事はなかった。
- Yukio MISHIMA analyzed the motives behind his conduct and said 'The young man set fire because he had great admiration for beauty of and felt antipathy toward Kinkaku-ji Temple, contrasting his dysphemia and unhappy background,' while Tsutomu MIZUKAMI said, 'He set fire to Kinkaku-ji Temple, which was a symbol of beauty for him, owing to the antilogy of how temples and Buddhism should be.'; however, the truth was in fact never clarified.
- 日本最古の歴史書とされる『日本書紀』の天武天皇9年(680年)の条には「宮内卿」「宮内官大夫」の官職が記述され、686年(朱鳥元年)の条には天武天皇の葬送に際して「宮内事」を誄(しのびごと)したとあり、天武天皇の時代には原型となる官職が形成されたと見られる。
- In the article of Emperor Temmu in 680 of the oldest history book in Japan, 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), there was a description on the government posts of Kunaikyo (Minister of the Sovereign's Household) and Miyanouchi no tsukasa no kami and also in the article of in 686, there was another description on Emperor Temmu's funeral that shinobigoto (speech given to the spirit of the departed about his/her merit) was conducted for the 'miyanouchi-no-koto' (Imperial family's affairs), from which the original government post was established in the period of Emperor Temmu.
- 三室戸敬光は昭和初期に貴族院 (日本)議員(会派は研究会)に互選され、特に1935年(昭和10年)に起こったいわゆる天皇機関説問題に際して、男爵菊池武夫 (陸軍軍人)議員とともに美濃部達吉を追求し辞職に追い込み、さらには国体明徴声明を岡田内閣に出させている。
- During the early Showa period, Yukimitsu MIMURODO was elected a member of the House of Peers (belonging to the group 'Kenkyukai') through mutual election; and in a dispute over the 'Emperor as an organ of government Theory' started in 1935, Yukimitsu, together with another member of the House, Baron Takeo KIKUCHI (a Japanese Imperial Army soldier), questioned Tatsukichi MINOBE, the advocate of the theory, and forced him to resign from the House of Peers, and also, made the Okada Cabinet to issue the Kokutai Meicho proclamation.
- 実際、6月19日以降、政務・人事に関する広義門院の令旨が出され始めており、6月27日には「官位等を正平一統以前の状態に復旧する」内容の広義門院令旨(天下一同法)が発令され、この令旨により、それまで停滞していた政務・人事・儀式などが全て動き始めることとなった。
- In fact, after June 19, ryoji (Her Highness' - as her majesty was called) regarding government practices and human affairs by Kogimonin was issued, and on June 27, the ryoji of `Official ranks or other issues would be restored as it was done before the incident of Shohei itto' by Kogimonin was issued; with this ryoji, all the government practices, human affairs, ceremonies started working again.
- 『懐風藻』によると696年(持統10年)の高市皇子の死去の後、持統天皇が数ある天武天皇の皇子達を退け孫の軽皇子(後の文武天皇)を皇太子にしようとした際、それに与し、日本では古来から直系相続が行われており、兄弟相続は争いのもとだとして天皇位の直系相続を主張した。
- According to 'Kaifusou' (Fond Recollections of Poetry), when the Emperor Jito intended to make the grandson, the Prince Karu (later the Emperor Monmu) as the crown prince after Takechi no miko died in 696 rejecting the Emperor Tenmu's princes, Kado no okimi insisted the direct line succession of the imperial throne which had been carried form ancient Japan, and the interfraternal succession would cause conflict.
- 実際、『三河物語』によると、同行しながらかなりの金品を持っていて家康従者に強奪されるのではと恐れて距離を置いていた穴山信君一行は、山城国綴喜郡の現在の木津川河畔(現在の京都府京田辺市の山城大橋近く)の渡しで、落ち武者狩りの土民に追いつかれ襲撃されて死んでいる。
- In fact, according to 'Mikawa Monogatari,' the group of Nobukimi ANAYAMA, who accompanied Ieyasu but kept a certain distance because he had a considerable amount of money and goods and was afraid of being robbed of them by Ieyasu's valets was caught up and killed by natives who were looking for fleeing defeated warriors at the ferry on the bank of the present Kizu River (in the vicinity of the present Yamashiro-Ohashi in Kyotanabe City, Kyoto Province) in Tsuzuki County, Yamashiro Province.
- 実際、長門国守と紛争を起こした在庁官人が意趣返し的に苛政上訴を行う事例や、丹波国守を苛政上訴していた百姓らがその直後に当該国守を称揚する書状を提出した事例、上訴百姓が京にある国守宅に焼き打ちした事例など、むしろ郡司・百姓層に私欲的な姿勢を見いだすこともできる。
- In fact, rather selfish desires of Gunji and farmers can be seen in some cases: for example, Kokushi kasei joso was a revenge by zaichokanjin (the local officials in Heian and Kamakura periods) who had an argument with Nagato no kuni no kami (governor of Nagato Province); farmers submitted a letter to praise their Tanba no kuni no kami immediately after Kokushi kasei joso; and appealing farmers set fire to the kokushi's residence in Kyoto.
- 野戦隊形における集中射撃法が実用化されたのはヨーロッパにおいてであり、最も初期のものはテルシオと呼ばれる、長槍(パイク)の密集方陣の進撃に際して四周に随伴した銃兵が相手方の方陣と至近距離まで接近し、接触寸前になった時点で発砲して第一次打撃を期待するものである。
- It was in Europe that the concentrated shooting method in open battle formation was turned into actual utilization and the earliest called tercio (Spanish square), where, against the advancement of a close-packed formation of pikes, fusiliers accompanying in four directions approach to the formation of the enemies at close range and just before contact, they firstly shoot and expect the first impact blow.
- 朝鮮半島においては、高麗のモンゴル帝国干渉期から李氏朝鮮まで他国の冊封体制下にあったため太子の称号が使えず、国王の継承者は「王世子」と呼ばれていたが、日清戦争の結果、下関条約が結ばれた事により清国の冊封から外れ、国号を大韓と改めた際に「皇太子」を使うようになった。
- Since the Korean peninsula was under the tributary system from the Goryeo period which was subjected to the interference by the Mongolian Empire to Joseon Dynasty, the successor to the king was called '王世子 (crown prince)', but since the Treaty of Shimonoseki was concluded as a result of Sino-Japanese War, Korea was released from the tributary system of the Qing,, the name of the country was changed to Korea and 'Crown Prince' came into use.
- ところが、大正政変の際に大正天皇より公家出身の立憲政友会総裁西園寺公望に対して第3次桂内閣への内閣不信任案を撤回させて政友会を内閣に協力させるように勅命が出されたものの、政友会の代議士達は自分達は日本国民の代表であるとして西園寺に突き返させた(1913年2月9日)。
- In the Taisho Political Crisis, Emperor Taisho issued an imperial command that Kinmochi SAIONJI, president of Rikkenseiyukai (a political party originally organized by Hirobumi ITO) should withdraw a parliamentary motion of non-confidence against the cabinet related to the 3rd Katsura Cabinet and urge Seiyukai to collaborate with the Katsura Cabinet, but the parliamentarians of the Seiyukai made Saionji return the imperial command for the reason that the parliamentarians were the representatives of the Japanese nation (February 9, 1913.)
- 鎌倉府が永享の乱で崩壊した直後の永享12年(1440年)、篠川御所足利満直は畠山満泰、畠山持重、石橋左近将監、石橋祐義、蘆名盛信、田村利政らに攻められて殺害されたとの説もあるが石橋氏らの関与は疑問が呈されている(実際に篠川御所を弑したのは石川氏であろうと言われる)。
- There was a theory that, in 1440, just after the downfall of the Kamakura government in the Eikyo War, Mitsunao ASHIKAGA (nicknamed Sasagawa Gosho) was attacked and killed by Mitsuyasu HATAKEYAMA, Mochishige HATAKEYAMA, Sakon no shogen ISHIBASHI, 石橋祐義, Morinobu ASHINA and Toshimasa TAMURA, etc, but questions remain about the Ishibashi clan's involvement (in fact, it is said that the Ishikawa clan killed Sasagawa Gosho).
- また、朝廷が皇族を臣籍降下させ源氏とした背景としては、上級貴族として皇室の藩塀とすることという理由もあったが、実際には3代目以降も上級貴族であり続けた例はほとんどなく、大半は受領階級として地方へ赴任しそこで土着して武士化するか、中央で中下級貴族として細々と生き延びた。
- Although one of the aims of the Imperial court's demotion of their family members to their subjects by giving them the surname of Minamoto was to allow them to be the subsidiary of the Imperial Family as upper class nobles, in fact only a few of them kept their status for more than three generations, while many others took regional posts as middle classes and later became samurai, or earned a sparse living as middle and lower classes in the center.
- また実際に、長州藩では官軍に立場が転じると旧幕府側の人間を敵意をこめて「朝敵」と呼称した山県有朋や世良修蔵のような人物が見られ、鹿児島で起きた西南戦争において旧幕府側出身の抜刀隊員達は、賊軍の汚名を晴らすべく「戊辰の仇、戊辰の仇」と叫んで斬り込んでいったとする談話もある。
- Additionally, Aritomo YAMAGATA and Shuzo SERA called members of the former Shogunate 'choteki' with respect, when their domain switched to the Imperial forces; in the Seinan War in Kagoshima the batto-tai of the former Shogunate forces cut in with a sword, shouting 'Avenge for Boshin, avenge for Boshin.'
- ここで信長が怒り狂った饗応の不手際とは、「太閤記」にあるような「魚が腐っていた」といった ような表の理由ではなく、実は、信長が饗応の機会を捉えて家康を暗殺するよう光秀に指示したがこれを光秀が拒んだのが真因だと解釈する等、信長に家康暗殺の意図があったことを推定する説が多い。
- In this regard, many views infer that Nobunaga had an intention to assassinate Ieyasu, for example, assuming that the reason why Nobunaga got angry was not mismanagement of entertaining such as 'rotten fish' in 'Taikoki,' but the real cause was that when Nobunaga ordered Mitsuhide to kill Ieyasu taking opportunity of entertainment but Mitsuhide refused this order.
- 同じ荘園内でも田畑ごとに所有権が異なったり、特殊な事情(伊勢神宮などの有力社の遷宮の際の費用の負担率を上げるために一時的に国衙領とする場合など)によって、荘園の権利が重複・移管されている場合(同じ荘園でも名称が異なって文章に表記されている)もあり、一概に認識するのは難しい。
- The ownership differed in each field, even in the same shoen and in some particular cases (the shoen was temporarily regarded as kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) to increase the burden ratio of cost for the sengu (transfer of a deity to a new shrine building) of dominant shrines such as Ise-jingu Shrine and so on) the rights and control of shoen were duplicated and transferred (the name of the same shoen was differently described in the documents) and thus it is difficult to recognize shoens in an unequivocal way.
- このような情勢の中で1392年(元中9年/明徳3年)、足利義満の斡旋で、大覚寺統と持明院統の両統迭立と、全国の国衙領を大覚寺統の所有とすること(実際には国衙領はわずかしかなかった)を条件に、南朝の後亀山天皇が北朝の後小松天皇に三種の神器を渡し、南北朝が合体した(明徳の和約)。
- Amid such circumstance, in 1392 (Genchu 9/Meitoku 3), through Shogun Yoshimitsu's mediation, under the conditions that the alternate succession between the Kameyama (Daitokuji) and Jimyoin lineages be restored, and the Kameyama (Daitokuji) lineage be officially made owner of all the Kokuga (public) territory in the entire country (although in actuality, there was very little such territory due to the proliferation of shoen), Emperor Gokameyama of the Southern Court handed over the Imperial Regalia to Emperor Gokomatsu of the Northern Court, and the Northern and Southern Courts were unified (in what was called the Peace Treaty of Meitoku).
- だが、東大寺の開山である良弁が死の間際に当時僧侶として東大寺にいた親王禅師(早良親王)に後事を託したとされること(『東大寺華厳別供縁起』)、また東大寺が親王の還俗後も寺の大事に関しては必ず親王に相談してから行っていたこと(実忠『東大寺権別当実忠二十九ヶ条』)などが伝えられている。
- However, it is said that Roben, who was the founder and the first chief priest of the Todai-ji Temple, asked Imperial Prince Zenji (Imperial Prince Sawara) to take care of affairs in the future ('Todai-ji Kegon no Bekkyo Engi'), and that the priests in Todai-ji Temple were sure to consult Imperial Prince Sawara about important affairs of the temple even after he returned to the secular life (Jitchu 'Todai-ji Associated Grand Abbot Jitchu Twenty Nine Articles').
- 和風諡号は2つあり、『続日本紀』の大宝3年(703年)12月17日の火葬の際の「大倭根子天之廣野日女尊」(おほやまとねこあめのひろのひめのみこと)と、『日本書紀』の養老4年(720年)に代々の天皇とともに諡された「高天原廣野姫天皇」(たかまのはらひろのひめのすめらみこと)がある。
- She had two Japanese-style posthumous names: One was 'Oyamatoneko Ame no Hironohime no Mikoto,' which was used to refer to her in the description given in the 'Shoku-Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) of her cremation on January 31, 704; the other is 'Takamanohara Hiro no Hime no Sumeramikoto,' which was referred to in the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) as the name given to her in 720, a time when other emperors also received that kind of name.
- 戦前の皇族身位令に準じて勲章 (日本)が行われ、戦後でも、成年に達したときや結婚の際に、親王には大勲位菊花大綬章が授けられ、親王妃・内親王には勲一等宝冠章(現、宝冠大綬章)が、王には勲一等旭日桐花大綬章(現、桐花大綬章)が、王妃・女王には勲二等宝冠章(現、宝冠牡丹章)が授けられる。
- Decoration of medals takes place (Japan), pursuant to the Ordinance of the Imperial Nobility implemented pre-war, to mark their coming of age or marriage: the Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum for Imperial Princes; the First Order of the Precious Crown (currently, the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Precious Crown) to Consorts of Imperial Princes and Imperial Princesses; Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flower (currently, the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers) to Princes; and the Order of the Second Class of the Precious Crown (currently, the Order of the Precious Crown, Peony) to Consorts of Princes and Princesses.
- 裏づけとする史書の記述として、フロイスの「日本史」が続いて、光秀の京都への反転に際して 「兵士たちはかような(本能寺を攻める)動きがいったい何のためであるか訝り始め おそらく明智は信長の命に基づいて、その義弟である三河の国主(家康)を 殺すつもりであろうと考えた。」という部分がある。
- As descriptions in historical books that support this view, it is well-known that a section of 'Historia de Iapan' by Frois continued as, when Mitsuhide reversed the course to Kyoto, 'Soldiers began to wonder about the purpose of such action (to attack the Honno-ji Temple and thought that Mitsuhide intended to kill the lord of Mikawa Province (Ieyasu), who was a younger brother-in-law of Nobunaga, according to Nobunaga's order, and a section of 'Rojinzatsuwa' by Munetomo EMURA.'
- 准母は堀河天皇が践祚に際して、既に生母である中宮藤原賢子が崩御していたため、寛治元年(1087年)に皇姉てい子内親王が母に擬せられたのが初例となり、爾来、天皇の生母が死去した後に幼年で即位した場合や、生母が存命だが身分が低すぎるか既に女院となっている場合などに、准母を定めるようになった。
- It became the first example of junbo that in 1087, in the succession of Emperor Horikawa to the throne, his elder sister, Imperial Princess Teishi was equated with his mother because his real mother, Chugu (Empress) FUJIWARA no Kenshi was already deceased, after that, junbo was named in the case that an infant emperor succeeded to the throne after his real mother passed away, or the case that although his real mother was alive, her social status was too low or she was already a nyoin (a woman bestowed with the title 'in' [title given to retired emperor]).
- 登録は日本刀などと同じく銃に対してなされ、登録を受けた銃器は誰でも所持・所有できるが、実際に実弾・空包の発砲及び火薬の入手所持消費に関しては、その都度(実弾射撃を許可された者は、火薬購入については1年間、また消費は6ヶ月間限定の)所轄の警察署を通じて公安委員会の別途の許可を受ける必要がある。
- The registration is for the gun, like with a Japanese sword, and a registered gun can be possessed by anyone, but in fact, concerning the shooting of live cartridges and blank cartridges, and the purchase, possession and consumption of gunpowder, every time you need to get permission from National Public Safety Commission through the police under jurisdiction (those who get permission to fire live must purchase gunpowder within one year and consume it within six months).
- だが、実際には同帝の皇子英仁親王(のちの後桃園天皇)が五歳の幼さであった事、桃園天皇治世末期に生じた竹内式部一件(宝暦事件)では、天皇が幼い頃から自分に付き従っていた側近達を擁護して側近達の追放を要請した摂関家との対立関係に陥った事から、英仁親王が即位した場合に同じ事が繰り返される事が憂慮された。
- However when the Takenouchi Shikibu incident (the Horeki Incident) occurred, Emperor Momozono protected his aides who worked for him since his childhood and it caused conflict between members of the family eligible for regents and chancellors who demanded the aides be expelled from their positions, as the Emperor had his Prince Hidehito (later known as Emperor Gomomozono) who was five years old, it was concerned that the same thing might happen to the Prince after his enthronement.
- 後に頼通の娘藤原寛子入内に際して、内親王がこのまま中宮でよいと言ったという話が『栄花物語』に見えるが、これは先帝後朱雀天皇の後宮で同じく中宮であった禎子内親王(章子内親王には母方の従姉妹にあたる)が頼通の養女藤原嫄子の立后で皇后に押し上げられ、宮中入りもままならなかった状況を見ていたためでもあるだろう。
- When FUJIWARA no Kanshi (Hiroko), a daughter of Yorimichi, made her bridal entry into the court in later times, 'Eiga monogatari' (Tale of Flowering Fortunes) described that the Princess said she would continue to be the second consort of an emperor, but it was because she saw the situation where Princess Teishi (Yoshiko/Sadako - maternal cousin of Imperial Princess Shoshi (Akiko)), the second consort of the former Emperor Gosuzaku at the inner palace, was forced to become an empress by the order from FUJIWARA no Genshi, adopted daughter of Yorimichi, and barely entered the Imperial Court.
- 太平洋戦争末期の1945年3月21日の九州沖航空戦の際、「神風特別攻撃隊第一神雷桜花隊・第一神雷攻撃隊」(ロケット特攻機「桜花 (航空機)」と、その母機である一式陸上攻撃機で編成された攻撃隊)は、九州南方沖に迫った米海軍高速空母機動部隊に対する攻撃に出撃したものの、敵の艦上戦闘機部隊の迎撃により全滅した。
- During the air battle off Kyushu of March 21, 1945 in the closing days of the Pacific War, the 'First Jinrai Oka Kogekitai and First Jinrai Kogekitai' (attack units comprised of rocket powered 'Oka' (aircraft) and their carrier aircraft, the Type 1 Attack bomber) launched attacks on the US Navy high-speed aircraft carrier task force which was closing in on the southern offshore, but were intercepted and destroyed by enemy carrier-based fighter units.
- 高麗の荘園は農荘・田荘・別墅などと呼ばれ、荘園には耕作地以外にも山野や森林などを含み、その中に農舎・亭楼・学堂・仏寺などが設置され、中には内部で利潤を目的とした墓地や長利(高利貸)経営を行う為の施設を有する者もいたが、ほとんどの所有者は通常は都市に住み、実際の運営は現地に派遣された奴僕によって行われていた。
- The manors during the Goryeo period were called noso (manor), denso (manor), bessho (villa) and so on, and in addition to the cultivated areas they included mountains, fields, forests and so on and there the farmhouses, towers, schools, Buddhist temples, and so on were built and some had facilities inside for the management of cemeteries or Shylock for profit, but most of the owners usually lived in the city and the management was, in fact, conducted by the subordinates sent to the spot.
- この決まりは元来、皇位継承の際の混乱を避けることが主要な意図であるが、後水尾天皇はこの不文律を利用し、天皇家から徳川の血を絶やし、後世までその累が及ばぬようにするという意図などをもって、娘の明正天皇を即位させたといわれている(ただし興子の同母妹の昭子・賀子両内親王はそれぞれ五摂家の近衛家・二条家に降嫁している)。
- This unwritten rule was originally made to avoid any trouble that might occur in Imperial succession, Emperor Gomizunoo used this to stop the Tokugawa lineage from the Imperial lineage and intended not to have any Tokugawa blood in the Imperial family, thus he made his daughter, Empress Meisho to succeed the throne. (However Okiko's younger sister, Imperial Princess Akiko and Imperial Princess Yoshiko married into the Konoe family and the Nijo family, two of the five families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho and Kanpaku.)
- おしなべて、比較的交通や文化交流が高速化された近代、さらに国際化にともない電話・インターネット・電子メールなどによる情報伝達手段、航空機などによる交通輸送手段が超高速化して文化交流が盛んになった現代に至って、日本料理、ないし日本式食餌法まで含めた広義の日本料理と、異文化料理との間における相互への影響がはなはだしい。
- On the whole, in modern times when the speed of traffic and cultural interaction increased, corresponding has advanced on the international level, the cultural interaction has increased as a result of the speed of information-exchange by means of telephone, the Internet, and electronic mail and the ease of travel with the increase of airplanes has increased tremendously, nihon-ryori in the broad sense, including Japanese-style of eating as well as nihon-ryori dishes, and dishes from foreign cultures have all strongly influenced each other.
- 室町時代・戦国時代 (日本)の朝廷・室町幕府の財政基盤が大変弱かった事から、官職・役職への補任や継目安堵(将軍の就任に際して引き続き所領安堵の安堵状を得る事)の文書発給条件として謝礼としての礼銭の献上が期待されるようになり、いつしか論理がすり替わって礼銭の献上の多寡によって発給の是非が決定されるようになっていったのである。
- In the Muromachi and Sengoku (warring states) periods, the Imperial Court and the Muromachi bakufu were in severe financial difficulties, and as a result, the reisen as a gratuity was expected to be presented as a condition for receiving the documents of awarding government posts and official positions as well as of the tsugime ando (receiving again the ando-jo, or document to authorize the ownership and control of the shoryo, or territory, in case of appointment of Shogun); before long, the logic was changed, and whether the documents were issued or not came to depend on the amount of the reisen presented.
- 次弾発砲までに「銃身内の火薬残滓を洗い矢で拭う」(数発撃つと銃腔にすすがこびり付き弾が入らなくなるため、槊杖の先に水に濡らした布を付けて拭う)「火穴にせせり(ヴェントピック)を通す」「銃身を冷やす」(但し、1分間に1発程度のペースで発砲するのであればこの必要は全くない)など、一般に次弾装塡の際に行うべき事は多いと言われる。
- It is said that in general there are many things to do when loading the next bullet, such as 'clean out the residuary gunpowder from inside the gun barrel with a cleaning rod' (after shooting a few bullets the gun barrel soots up and the lead shot cannot be inserted, and thus it is washed with a ramrod with a wet cloth on the end), 'stick a ventpick in the fire hole,' 'cool the gun barrel down' (however, if one shoots every minute, it is not necessary) and so on.
- 光厳上皇は、光明天皇、崇光天皇の二代に渡って院政を行ったが、足利氏の内紛である観応の擾乱のおり、南朝の後村上天皇の軍が1352年京都を奪回した際に光明、崇光両上皇とともに南朝に捕らえられ、京都を追われ撤退する南朝軍によって山城国男山(京都府八幡市)、さらに南朝の当時の本拠であった大和賀名生(奈良県五條市)に連れ去られてしまう。
- The retired Emperor Kogon ruled a cloister government through two generations under Emperor Komyo and Emperor Suko, however, when the Kanno Disturbance infighting occurred among the ASHIKAGA clan, and as the army of the Emperor Gomurakami recaptured Kyoto city in 1352, both retired Emperor Komyo and Emperor Suko were caught by the Southern Dynasty and taken away after being pursued and withdrew to Otokoyama in Yamashiro Province (Yawata City, Kyoto Province), and then further to Ano in Yamato (Gojo City, Nara Prefecture) where the Southern Dynasty's home base was.
- これに対して黒岩重吾は『日本書紀』継体天皇廿五年での『百済本記』引用「百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞乇城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣」天皇および太子、皇子が同時に死んだという記述等を根拠にそれぞれ実際には即位していない安閑・宣化は暗殺・軟禁されたとした。
- Based on the statement in 'Original records of Paekche' in section of '25 years of Emperor Keitai' in 'Chronicles of Japan', saying '百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞?城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣'(Emperor in Japan and the prince passed away at the same time), Jugo KUROIWA believed that Ankan and Senka did not succeed to the throne and they were actually assassinated or under custody.
- また、東福門院(徳川和子)に対する配慮から後光明天皇・後西天皇・霊元の3天皇の生母(壬生院園光子・逢春門院櫛笥隆子・新広義門院園国子)に対する女院号贈呈が死の間際(壬生院の場合は後光明天皇崩御直後)に行われ、その父親(園基任・櫛笥隆致・園基音)への贈位贈官も極秘に行われるなど、幕府の朝廷に対する公然・非公然の圧力が続いたとも言われている。
- Also, in consideration toward Tofukumonin (Masako TOKUGAWA), to the birth mothers of Emperor Gokomyo, Emperor Gosai and Emperor Reigen (Mibuin Mitsuko SONO, Hoshunmonin Takako KUSHIGE, Shinkogimonin Kuniko SONO), Nyoin go was presented just before they died (to Mibuin, Nyoin go was presented immediately after Emperor Gokomyo died) and their fathers (Mototo SONO, Takashi KUSHIGE, Motone SONO) were secretly given a special rank and position; it is said that the government maintained direct and indirect pressure upon the Imperial Palace.
- こうした自検断権の裏づけとなる軍事警察力の保証としての武器の保有も、建前上は刀狩以降放棄した形式をとり、百姓身分の者は身分表象としての帯刀を放棄することでそれを示していたが、実際は個々の村には膨大な数の刀槍、鉄砲が神仏への献納物、あるいは害獣駆除の名目で備蓄されており、明治維新以降も国家権力はあからさまにこれに手をつけられない状態であった。
- After the Sword Hunt, keeping arms that supported the right to judge criminal cases as a safeguard military police power had the form of waiving the right and people in a farming rank showed their waiver by not wearing a sword, their rank symbol, but actually an individual community had big stockpiles of swords, spears, and guns under the pretext of dedicating things to Shinto and Buddhist deities or the extermination of harmful animals and the governmental powers could not openly touch them even after the Meiji Restoration.
- これは一説には江戸時代の中頃から「三大仇討ち」として喧伝されてきた「曾我兄弟の仇討ち」(曾我兄弟は富士山の裾野市で巻狩りが行なわれた際にこれに乗じて仇討ちを行なった)、「赤穂浪士の討ち入り」(播磨国赤穂藩浅野家の家紋が「丸に違い鷹の羽」だったことから)、「伊賀越えの仇討ち」(伊賀国はなすびの産地として知られていたことから)のことを言ったものである。
- According to one theory, this expression referred to the Adauchi cases that were widely known from the middle of the Edo period as the 'Three Major Adauchi Cases': 'Adauchi by the Soga brothers' (the Soga brothers performed Adauchi by taking advantage of the makigari (a form of hunting by surrounding the target from various directions) which took place in Susono City at the foot of Mount Fuji); 'Ako Roshi no Uchiiri' (since the seal of the Asano family of the Ako clan, in Harima Province, was a 'hawk's feather without a circle'); and 'Igagoe no Adauchi' (since Iga Province was known as an area for the production of eggplant).
- 維新期の皇后として社会事業振興の先頭に立ち、華族女学校(現学習院女子部)や、お茶の水の東京女子師範学校(現お茶の水女子大学)の設立、日本赤十字社の発展などに大きく寄与した(赤十字社の正式紋章「赤十字桐竹鳳凰章」は、紋章制定の相談を受けた際、皇后がたまたま被っていた冠が桐と竹の組み合わせで出来ていた事から、「これがよかろう」という事で決められたという)。
- As an empress after the Restoration, Shoken took the lead in social work promotion and greatly contributed to the establishment of Kazoku Jogakko (present day Gakushuin School Corporation Girl's Division) and Tokyo Joshi Shikan Gakko (present day Ochanomizu University), along with the development of the Japanese Red Cross Society and others (it is said that the official crest for the Red Cross Society, the 'Red Cross Kiritake Phoenix,' was decided on from the crown, made by a combination of paulownia wood and bamboo, which Shoken happened to be wearing on the occasion she was consulted for the decision of the crest.
- 宇治郡山科町には安朱、上野、大塚、大宅(おおやけ)、音羽、小野、上花山(かみかざん)、川田、勧修寺、北花山(きたかざん)、栗栖野、小山、四ノ宮(しのみや)、厨子奥、竹鼻、椥辻(なぎつじ)、西野、西野山、八軒、東野、髭茶屋、日ノ岡、御陵(みささぎ)の23の大字が存在したが、これらは昭和6年(1931年)、山科町が当時の東山区に編入した際に計301町に編成された。
- In Yamashina-cho Town, Uji County: there were twenty-three Oaza (Anshu, Ueno, Otsuka, Oyake, Otowa, Ono, Kami-kazan, Kawata, Kanshuji, Kita-kazan, Kurisuno, Koyama, Shinomiya, Zushioku, Takehana, Nagitsuji, Nishino, Nishinoyama, Hachiken, Higashino, Higechaya, Hino-oka, and Misasagi) which were reorganized into three-hundred and one towns in 1931 when Yamashina-cho Town was integrated into Higashiyama Ward.
- 従来の学説では院庁において実際の政務が執られたとされていたが、鈴木茂男が当時の院庁発給文書に国政に関する内容が認められないことを主張し、橋本義彦がこれを受けて院庁政治論を痛烈に批判したため近年では、非公式の私文書としての側面のある院宣を用いて朝廷に圧力をかけ、院独自の側近を院の近臣として太政官内に送り込むことによって事実上の指揮を執ったとする見解が有力となっている。
- Earlier theories asserted that political affairs were in fact conducted at Incho, but Shigeo SUZUKI asserted that no details regarding national government could be seen in the documents issued by Incho at that time, and Yoshihiko HASHIMOTO, based on this fact, strongly criticized the view that political affairs were conducted at Incho; consequently, in recent years it has become the prevalent view that the In put pressure on the Imperial Court by using inzen, which had the aspect of a non-official document, and that by placing his aides in positions of general council of state he took virtual control of the government.
- この頃は天皇の権威の低下が著しく、室町幕府三代将軍足利義満は、自分の子足利義嗣を皇位継承者とする皇位簒奪計画を持ったと言われるが、義満の死後、朝廷が義満に太上(だいじょう)天皇の尊号を贈ろうとした際には、室町幕府四代将軍足利義持がこれを固辞している(義満が自分より義嗣をかわいがっていたため、父を快く思わなかったためといわれている)ので、その真相については未だ定かではない。
- Around this period, the Emperor's loss of power was remarkable, and the 3rd Shogun of Muromachi Bakufu, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, is said have planned to take over the Imperial throne by making his son, Yoshitsugu ASHIKAGA, heir, but since the death of Yoshimitsu, when the Imperial Court tried to give the honorable title Daijo Tenno to Yoshimitsu, the 4th Shogun of Muromachi Bakufu, Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, strongly refused to accept this (it is said that it was because he didn't like his father since Yoshimitsu cared more about Yoshitsugu than himself), the truth is not yet certain.
- 平家滅亡時に救出されて帰京するが、都では既に後鳥羽天皇が即位していた(ちなみに『増鏡』では、守貞親王と尊成親王(後鳥羽天皇)が後白河法皇の前に呼ばれて、すぐに法皇に懐いた尊成が皇位に立てられたとする記述があるが、実際に尊成とともに呼ばれたのは守貞親王の異母弟惟明親王(高倉天皇第三皇子)といわれており、これについては『増鏡』作者による「演出説」と「勘違い説」に分かれている)。
- He was saved and went back to Kyoto when the Taira clan died out, however Emperor Gotoba had already succeeded to the throne in Kyoto. (in 'Masukagami' (The Clear Mirror) it is said Imperial Prince Morisada and Imperial Prince Takahira (Emperor Gotoba) were called in by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, and Takahira, who took to the Emperor before Morisada, was appointed to succeed to the throne, however there was another theory that it was Morisada's half younger brother, Imperial Prince Koreaki (Emperor Takakura's third Prince) who was called with Takahira, but there were two different theories of the author of 'Masukagami,' one was 'the direction theory' and another one was 'the misunderstanding theory.'
- 特に八月十八日の政変の前後からは、商人を装い「枡屋喜右衛門」を名乗っていた元毘沙門堂家臣・古高俊太郎を仲介者として、寺島忠三郎や久坂玄瑞ら京に残った勤王派の長州藩士達が、粟津義風・前川茂行といった有栖川宮の諸大夫や家臣達と複数回にわたり接触し、両者の間で密会の場を設けたり密使を潜伏させあうなどの交際を行っているほか、熾仁親王は粟津や前川に命じ、長州藩家老の益田兼施宛に慰問の書状を出させたりしている。
- Especially before and after the political change on August 18, the samurai of the Choshu Domain, people loyal to the Emperor who remained in Kyoto such as Chuzaburo TERAJIMA and Genzui KUSAKA, had contacted various Taifu of Arisugawanomiya or aides many times, such as Yoshikaze AWAZU and Shigeyuki MAEKAWA through the former Bishamon do aides, Shutaro FURUTAKA (KOTAKA), who pretended to be a business man and named 'Kiemon MASUYA,' they had contact by organizing to have a place for secret meeting, or they both exchanged secret messengers in hiding to each others, Prince Taruhito ordered Awazu and Maekawa to send a letter of consolation to the Chief retainer of a feudal lord of Choshu Domain, Kanenobu MASUDA.
- 政府の公式見解は、国家国旗法案が提出された際の1999年6月11日段階では、「『君』とは、『大日本帝国憲法下では主権者である天皇を指していたと言われているが、日本国憲法下では、日本国及び日本国民統合の象徴である天皇と解釈するのが適当である。』(「君が代」の歌詞は、)『日本国憲法下では、天皇を日本国及び日本国民統合の象徴とする我が国の末永い繁栄と平和を祈念したものと理解することが適当である』」とした。
- According to the official view of the Government of Japan, it was explained on June 11, 1999 as 'Although it is said that, under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan,' the word 'Kimi' meant the emperor, who was the sovereign, but under the Constitution of Japan, it is appropriate to interpret it as the emperor who is the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people' and '(the words of 'Kimigayo' is) under the Constitution of Japan, it is appropriate to understand them to be the hope for prosperity of Japan, which has the emperor as the symbol of State and the unity of the people and peace.'
- 更に宇多天皇の信任が厚く、符宣上卿(太政官符を発給する際の上卿)として28回も名を連ね、『日本三代実録』編纂開始時には源融・藤原良世と先任の上卿2人がいるにも関わらず撰国史所総裁を務めていること、寛平7年(895年)には位階昇進の人事草案を提出する擬階奏を行っている(いずれも摂関もしくは一上が務める慣例であった)ことから、藤原基経没後は能有が事実上の政権担当者として寛平の治を押し進めたと考えられている。
- In addition, he won Emperor Uda's esteem and was assigned to serve as Fusen jokyo, a commander who led dajokanpu (official documents from the Grand Council of State) 28 times, and from the fact that he served as the president of Senkokushisho (an organization which edits national history books) when the editing of 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' (sixth of the six classical Japanese history texts) began even though there were 2 other senior commanders like MINAMOTO no Toru and FUJIWARA no Yoshiyo, also in 895, he submitted a personnel proposal for promotion in rank (generally, both of these roles were played by Regents and Chancellor Ichinokami - Minister of the Left), Yoshiari pushed forward the peaceful era of Kanpyo as a factual administration after FUJIWARA no Mototsune died.
- しかし、1907年以来の政府の皇族増加抑制策は、明治維新前後の時期に新たに興された各宮家が、いわゆる「四親王家」とは異なり、元来は世襲を予定しなかったにもかかわらず、天皇の「特旨」などによって漸次永世皇族に移行してゆき、結局、皇室典範での永世皇族制の成立に結びついた経緯への反省を踏まえたものでもあり、宮家の不足も生じていなかったことから天皇の大権を発動して例外をつくるケースが実際に発生したとは考えにくい。
- However, the government policy to halt the increasing numbers of Imperial members since 1907, was established after reflecting on the experience of each new Miyake established before and after the Meiji Restoration, that were different from the 'four Imperial Prince families' that were not originally planned as hereditary families, they gradually became the permanent Imperial Family by the order of the Emperor, since there was no shortage of Miyake, it is hard to think that there was a case when Emperor had to make an exception by using the Emperor's Taiken (Emperor's right).
- 実際の柳生氏の事項が明らかになるのは、南北朝時代 (日本)の柳生永珍(別名:宗珍、大膳亮柳生永家の子とされる)の頃からで、柳生家の家譜である『玉栄拾遺』によると、元弘3年(1331年)に、南朝 (日本)として、六波羅探題の北条仲時・北条時益の軍勢と戦った永珍は戦功によって、後醍醐天皇から賜った大和国小楊生(大楊生とも)庄の領主となり、柳生氏と名乗った事から始まるとされる(ただし、『玉栄拾遺』の記述自体も伝承の域を出ないという)。
- The first record that mentions the Yagyu clan is about Nagayoshi YAGYU (Muneyoshi YAGYU) who was believed to be a child of Daizen no suke (person who was in charge of meals in the Imperial Court) Nagaie YAGYU in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan); and according to a genealogy of the Yagyu clan 'Gyokuei Shui,' Nagayoshi supported the Southern Court and fought against the forces of Nagatoki HOJO and Tokimasu HOJO who had their base at Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto), and for the achievement in the battles, Emperor Godaigo gave him the possession and status of the lord of Koyagyusho district (or Oyagyusho district) in Yamato Province, ever since then, he called himself the Yagyu clan; however, it is said that the articles in 'Gyokuei Shui' are nothing but folklore.
- 国司は中央政府から検田権を委譲されると、治田(ちでん、田堵の開発した小規模の墾田)や公験(くげん、正式に土地所有を認めた文書)のない荘園・私領(郡司・郷司など在地領主の所領)を次々に没収して国衙領に組み入れ、税収を確保しようとした(この権限が強かったことは、若狭国にあった摂関家の荘園が国司に接収された際に関白藤原頼通が国司に公験不備を指摘されると、国司の判断を妥当とした(『小右記』万寿2年9月1日・13日条)ことでも明らかである)。
- When the right of cadastral surveys was transferred to kokushi from the central government, the shoens and private lands (lands of local lords such as gunji (district managers), goji (a local government official under the ritsuryo system) and so on) without chiden (small scale land already developed by tato) or kugen (official documents authorized by kokushi or gunji (local magistrates) for transfer of the ownership of private property) were confiscated one after another into kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) in order for them to secure tax revenue (it is clear that this authority was strong because when the shoen of sekkan-ke in Wakasa Province was confiscated by kokushi and it was pointed out that FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, the chief adviser to the emperor, was wrong in kugen, the judgment of kokushi was justified (in the description on September 1 and 13, 1025 in 'Shoyuki' (Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke)).
- 従って、後白河法皇が自己の政権維持のために平氏を利用して、高い官職を与え知行国を増やさせてきたという経緯や当時の社会問題に対する貴族社会の対応能力の無さという点には触れず、清盛と平氏一門がいかに専横を振るい、「驕れる者」であったかを強調している(だが、実際には少なくても治承3年以前における平氏の権力は後白河との強い関係の下で行使されたものが大半であり、その段階において清盛及び平氏一門が独裁的権力を有していたという具体的な事実は存在していない)。
- Therefore, they do not mention that the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa used the Taira clan to maintain his government by giving them high positions and increasing the number of provinces that they were custodians of, and the inability of the aristocracy at that time to deal with the social problems that they faced, but instead emphasize the arrogant behavior of Kiyomori and the Taira clan members (whereas in reality, at least up to 1179, the authority of the Taira clan was mostly due to the strong relationship with Goshirakawa and there is no specific evidence that Kiyomori or the Taira clan members had any dictatorial powers).