隊: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 警視隊
- The Keishi-tai troop (a troop of police officers)
- 狙撃隊
- Sharpshooting Squad
- The Sharpshooting Squad
- 雷撃隊
- The Raigeki-tai troop
- 佐土原隊
- The Sadowara-tai troop
- 奇兵隊。
- He was a member of the Kiheitai (Irregular Militia).
- 軍隊の制服
- The military costume
- 長州奇兵隊
- Choshu Kiheitai army
- 大隊と中隊
- Battalions and Troops
- 新選組隊士
- Officer of the Shinsen-gumi Masterless Warrior Party
- 西郷軍奇兵隊
- Kiheitai Army of Saigo's army
- 陸援隊隊長。
- He was the leader of the Rikuentai, an army formed during the last days of Tokugawa shogunate.
- 新選組隊士。
- He was an officer of the Shinsen-gumi masterless warrior party.
- A member of the Shinsengumi (literally, the newly selected corps, referring to a special police force for the Tokugawa regime).
- 軍隊精神医学
- military psychiatry
- 鳶ヶ巣山攻撃隊
- Mt. Tobigasu Attack Units
- 長篠城監視部隊
- Nagashino-jo Castle-Lookout Units
- 大隊長:奥保鞏
- Battalion Commander: Yasukata OKU
- ペリー艦隊出航
- Perry's Departure
- 山鹿方面守備隊
- Defenders' troop in the Yamaga area
- ─ 破竹隊など
- - The Hachiku-tai troop and others
- 設楽原決戦の本隊
- The Main Body in the Battle of Shitaragahara
- 連隊長:与倉知実
- Regimental Commander: Tomozane YOKURA
- 連隊付:一戸兵衛
- Regimental Officer: Hyoe ICHINOHE
- 連隊長:黒木為楨
- Regimental Commander: Tamemoto KUROKI
- 応援(総予備隊)
- Reinforcements (general reserve)
- 上記旅団の予備隊
- The reserve troop of the above-mentioned brigade
- 守衛新選組隊長。
- He was the commander of Shuei Shinsengumi (the Shinsengumi unit to guard Toshizo HIJIKATA at the Hakodate war).
- ─ 小隊長園田武一
- - The platoon leader: Takeichi SONODA
- ─ 小隊長中島健彦
- - The platoon leader: Takehiko NAKAJIMA
- ─ 小隊長佐藤三二
- - The platoon leader: Sanji SATO
- 山崎定平(熊本隊)
- Sadahira YAMAZAKI (the Kumamoto-tai troop)
- 伊東直二(奇兵隊)
- Naoji ITO (the Kihei-tai troop)
- 中隊長:永山武四郎
- Company Commander: Takeshiro NAGAYAMA
- 右翼隊(山鹿方面)
- Right flank (Yamaga area)
- 延岡隊(大島景保)
- Nobeoka-tai troop (Kageyasu OSHIMA)
- 報国隊(堀田政一)
- Hokoku-tai troop (Masakazu HOTTA)
- 砲兵隊:関広右衛門
- Artillery unit: Hiroemon SEKI
- :騎兵第1大隊長。
- He was promoted to major captain in the army cavalry.
- ─ 小隊長市来矢之助
- - The platoon leader: Yanosuke ICHIKI
- ─ 小隊長岩切喜次郎
- - The platoon leader: Kijiro IWAKIRI
- ─ 小隊長山野田一輔
- - The platoon leader: Ippo YAMANODA
- ─ 小隊長藤井直次郎
- - The platoon leader: Naojiro FUJII
- ─ 小隊長河野主一郎
- - The platoon leader: Shuichiro KONO
- 連隊長:佐久間左馬太
- Regimental Commander: Samata SAKUMA
- 滝口隊(中津大四郎)
- Takiguchi-tai troop (Daishiro NAKATSU)
- 中津隊(増田宋太郎)
- Nakatsu-tai troop (Eitaro MASUDA)
- ─ 野村忍介指揮諸隊
- - Troops led by Oshisuke NOMURA
- 7月に屠勇隊を創設。
- He set up the Toyutai Militia in August.
- ─ 警視隊(本営米倉)
- - The Keishi-tai troop (headquartered at Yonekura)
- 歩兵第14連隊(小倉)
- The 14th infantry regiment (in Kokura)
- 歩兵第13連隊(熊本)
- The 13th infantry regiment (in Kumamoto)
- 会津藩がつくった部隊。
- A troop that Aizu Domain organized
- 自衛隊の最高指揮監督権
- The right of supreme director of Japan Self-Defense Forces
- ─ 振武隊・奇兵隊など
- - The Shinbu-tai troop, the Kihei-tai troop, and others
- ─ 雷撃隊・行進隊など
- - The Raigeki-tai troop, the Koshin-tai troop, and others
- 高鍋隊(司令坂田諸潔)
- The Takanabe-tai troop (Commander: Morokiyo SAKATA)
- 隊正は隊長とも呼ばれた。
- Taisei was also called Taicho.
- - 女子挺身隊勤労令公布
- Proclamation of Joshi Teishintai (Women's Volunteer Corps)
- ─ 小隊長河野四郎左衛門
- - The platoon leader: Shirozaemon KONO
- 大隊長:立見尚文陸軍少佐
- Battalion Commander: Naobumi TATSUMI, Major of the Imperial Army
- 第1大隊長:大島義昌少佐
- The 1st Battalion Commander: Major Yoshimasa OSHIMA
- 中央隊(植木・木葉方面)
- Center troop (Ueki and Konoha areas)
- 左翼隊(吉次・伊倉方面)
- Left flank (Kichiji and Ikura areas)
- ─ 津下少佐(3個中隊)
- Major TSUSHITA (three companies)
- ─ 迫田大尉(2個中隊)
- Captain SAKODA (two companies)
- ─ 野村忍介(5個小隊)
- Oshisuke NOMURA (five platoons)
- 豊璋王を護送する先遣隊。
- The advanced group protected King Hosho.
- 飫肥隊(司令川崎新五郎)
- The Obi-tai troop (Commander: Shingoro KAWASAKI)
- 北越戦争:衝鋒隊が参加。
- Hokuetsu War: Shohotai joined.
- 神楽田・和田峠(7個中隊)
- In Kagurada and the Wada-toge Pass (Seven Companies)
- 表門隊の大将は大石内蔵助。
- The major captain for the front gate party was Kuranosuke OISHI.
- ─ 長谷川中佐(4個中隊)
- Lieutenant Colonel HASEGAWA (four companies)
- 都城隊(龍岡資時・東胤正)
- Miyakonojo-tai troop (Suketoki TATSUOKA, Tanemasa TO)
- 一旦は直り、平隊士に降格。
- He then recovered and was demoted to the lowest rank in the group.
- (騎馬隊日本の騎馬隊も参照)
- (See also the section on Japanese Cavalry under Cavalry).
- 東京鎮台歩兵第2連隊(佐倉)
- The 2nd infantry regiment of Tokyo Garrison (in Sakura)
- 連隊長心得:乃木希典陸軍少佐
- Assistant Regimental Commander: Maresuke NOGI, Major of the Imperial Army
- 連隊長心得:川上操六陸軍少佐
- Assistant Regimental Commander: Soroku KAWAKAMI, Major of the Imperial Army
- 東京鎮台歩兵第3連隊(高崎)
- The 3rd infantry regiment of Tokyo Garrison (in Takasaki)
- 大阪鎮台歩兵第8連隊(大阪)
- The 8th infantry regiment of Osaka Garrison (in Osaka)
- ─ 乃木希典少佐(4個中隊)
- Major Maresuke NOGI (four companies)
- 高鍋隊(石井習吉・坂田諸潔)
- Takanabe-tai troop (Shukichi ISHII, Morokiyo SAKATA)
- 両翼の部隊での損害が増大した。
- Casualties increased in both wings.
- 熊本鎮台・別働第1旅団2個中隊
- Kumamoto Garrison and two companies of the detached 1st brigade
- 友内山・無鹿山方面(2箇中隊)
- In the Areas of Mt. Tomouchi and Mt. Mushika (Two Companies)
- 広島鎮台歩兵第11連隊(広島)
- The 11th infantry regiment of Hiroshima Garrison (in Hiroshima)
- それを受け清は軍隊を派遣する。
- In response to this, the Qing dispatched troops.
- 佐土原隊(島津啓次郎・鮫島元)
- Sadowara-tai troop (Keijiro SHIMAZU, Hajime SAMEJIMA)
- 工兵隊:小管辰之助、吉沢勇四郎
- Engineering Brigade: Shinnosuke KOSUGE, Yushiro YOSHIZAWA
- 坂元の諸隊はこの攻撃は退けた。
- The troops led by Sakamoto defeated the attack.
- 鉄之助の新選組入隊と時代の変化
- Induction in the Shinsengumi and change of the times
- 文久3年(1863年)に入隊。
- In 1863, he joined Shinsengumi.
- 有海村駐留部隊(長篠城の西対岸)
- Garrisons in Ariake-mura Village (across the river in the west of the castle)
- 秩父事件では軍隊が出動している。
- The riot police was sent to quell the Chichibu Incident.
- 名古屋鎮台歩兵第6連隊(名古屋)
- The 6th infantry regiment of Nagoya Garrison (in Nagoya)
- 広島鎮台歩兵第12連隊(丸亀市)
- The 12th infantry regiment of Hiroshima Garrison (in Marugame City)
- 海軍艦隊指揮官:伊東祐麿海軍少将
- Naval Fleet Commander: Sukemaro ITO, Rear Admiral of the Imperial Navy
- 以後順次大隊が鹿児島を出発した。
- Subsequently, the other battalions started from Kagoshima in order.
- 同日、独立大隊も加治木を発した。
- On the same day, the separate battalion also started from Kajiki.
- 藩から遊撃隊御用掛に任命された。
- The Domain assigned him to a commando unit.
- (伊藤正徳著「連合艦隊の最後」)
- ('The End of the Combined Fleet' written by Masanori ITO)
- 大隊長:川村景明陸軍少佐(4月-)
- Battalion Commander: Kageaki KAWAMURA, Major of the Imperial Army (April -)
- ─ 桐野利秋(3個小隊約600名)
- Toshiaki KIRINO (three platoons, about 600 strong)
- ─ 大迫大尉・知識大尉(2個中隊)
- Captain OSAKO, Captain CHISHIKI (two companies)
- 党薩諸隊 ()内は主な隊長・指揮者
- Tosatsu troops: main commanders and leaders are parenthesized.
- 2月8日に部隊の編成が開始された。
- On February 8, they began to form the troops.
- 大小荷駄本部長桂久武、隊員満木清雄
- Director-general of laborers transporting large and small provisions: Hisatake KATSURA, member: Kiyoo MITSUKI
- 辺見らの諸隊は官軍に対し善戦した。
- The troops of Henmi and others fought a good fight against the government army.
- 球磨川方面からは別働隊が攻撃した。
- The detached forces made attacks from the Kuma-gawa River area.
- ─ 中島健彦指揮5個中隊及び福島隊
- - Five companies led by Takehiko NAKAJIMA and Fukushima-tai troop
- 新選組の隊規では脱走は死罪である。
- Escape was a capital crime according to the rules set forth by the Shinsengumi.
- 隊正が五十人からなる「隊」を率いた。
- Taisei headed 'Tai' (corps) consisting of 50 soldiers.
- 熊本隊は官軍を迎え撃ったが苦戦した。
- The Kumamoto-tai troop counterattacked the government army but was placed in a disadvantageous state.
- 幕府は田沼意尊を将とする部隊を派遣。
- The bakufu sent troops with Okitaka TANUMA as a commander in chief.
- 日本も事件処理のため軍隊を派遣した。
- Japan also sent its army there to deal with the incident.
- 西南戦争のときの西郷軍が組織した部隊
- A troop organized by the member of Saigo's army during the Seinan War
- 虚をつかれた両隊はたちまち敗走した。
- Surprised by the attack, the two troops fled at once.
- 薩軍諸隊配置(『薩南血涙史』に依る)
- Military Organization of the Satsuma Army (according to 'Satsunan Ketsurui-shi')
- ─ 貴島清指揮貴島隊及び薩軍6個中隊
- - Kijima-tai troop led by Kiyoshi KIJIMA and six companies of the Satsuma army
- 翌日薩軍各隊は原田村に兵を配置した。
- On the next day, the troops of the Satsuma army were deployed in Harada Village.
- 同日、斎藤を含めた11人が入隊した。
- On the same day, 11 people (including SAITO) joined the group.
- その後、新政府の徴兵七番隊に加わる。
- Afterwards, he joined the Seventh Unit of conscription army of the new government.
- ─ 小隊長蒲生彦四郎... 西郷の警備
- - The platoon leader: Hikoshiro GAMO, for guarding SAIGO
- 山鹿の野村の部隊は進撃を準備していた。
- The troop led by NOMURA in Yamaga was preparing for a charge.
- ─ 村田新八(5個小隊約1,000名)
- Shinpachi MURATA (five platoons, about 1000 strong)
- ─ 指揮長越山休蔵、大隊監軍柚木彦四郎
- Commander: Kyuzo KOSHIYAMA, Army's Supervisor: Hikoshiro YUZUKI
- 歌は「抜刀隊」の旋律を借りて唄われた。
- The song was sung using the melody adapted from a song titled `Battotai' (a drawn sword squad).
- この後、負傷者や諸隊の降伏が相次いだ。
- After that, injured persons and soldiers surrendered one by one.
- 新選組隊士、のち御陵衛士(高台寺党)。
- He was a member of Shinsengumi, and later became the Goryo-eji (guards of Imperial mausoleums), also known as the Kodaiji-to Party.
- このように酒井隊の一方的な展開となった。
- Thus the Sakai commando overwhelmed the Takeda force in the battle.
- 武田の騎馬隊に一定の信憑性を与えている。
- This gives some credibility to Takeda's cavalry.
- (歩兵第1連隊中隊長心得):安東貞美中尉
- (Assistant Company Commander of the first infantry regiment): Teibi ANDO, First Lieutenant
- 裏門隊の大将は大石内蔵助の嫡男大石主税。
- The major captain for the back gate party was Kuranosuke OISHI's legitimate son Chikara OISHI.
- この戦争では奇兵隊も軍事力として戦った。
- In the Choshu Conquest, Kiheitai Army was used as military force.
- 常備兵力として旗本を編制した部隊である。
- It was the troop which was formed by organizing hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) as a standing force.
- 飫肥隊(伊東直記・川崎新五郎・小倉處平)
- Obi-tai troop (Naoki ITO, Shingoro KAWASAKI, Shohei OGURA)
- 人吉隊(神瀬鹿三・黒田等久麿・村田量平)
- Hitoyoshi-tai troop (Shikazo KONOSE, Tokuma KURODA, Ryohei MURATA)
- ここで募兵して報国隊数100名を加えた。
- He recruited soldiers here and added Hokoku-tai with several hundred soldiers to his forces.
- この時、多くの飫肥隊員、薩兵が投降した。
- On this occasion, many members of the Obi-tai troop and many soldiers of the Satsuma army surrendered.
- 鵬翼隊二番中隊も同じく程角越に進撃した。
- The 2nd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop also advanced to Teikakugoe.
- 他の豊臣方の部隊も次々と壊滅していった。
- Other troops on the Toyotomi's side were annihilated one after another.
- 2月20日、別府晋介の大隊が川尻に到着。
- The battalion of Shinsuke Beppu arrived at Kawajiri on February 20.
- 8月、四国連合艦隊下関砲撃事件が起きた。
- In August, the Incident of gunfire at Shimonoseki of the four countries' combined fleet occurred.
- 当初は外国艦隊からの防備が主目的であった。
- The original purpose was to defend against the attack made by Foreign fleet.
- 江戸時代後期の幕末に結成された長州藩の部隊
- A troop of Choshu Domain organized in the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate and Edo period
- ─ 別働第3旅団(警視隊を主体として編成)
- - Detached 3rd brigade (whose members were mostly those of the Keishi-tai troop)
- ─ 指揮長児玉強之助、一番小隊隊長坂元敬介
- Commander: Kyonosuke KODAMA, Leader of the 1st platoon: Keisuke SAKAMOTO
- また上町商人からなる振武附属隊も作られた。
- In addition, an auxiliary troop of the Shinbu-tai troop, composed of merchants in Kamicho, was also organized.
- 熊本隊は奮戦したが、支えきれずに撤退した。
- Although the Kumamoto-tai troop fought bravely, it could not withstand the government army and retreated.
- 新選組隊士(諸士取扱役兼監察、剣術師範)。
- Member of Shinsengumi (Shoshitoriatsukaiyaku and Kansatsu (Shinsengumi's organizational post for investigating movements of the opponents and keeping the Shinsengumi members under control), grand master of swordsman).
- 以降、忠勝隊の中心として多くの合戦に従軍。
- He took part in many battles from that point on as a key figure of the Tadakatsu troop.
- 市川の砲兵連隊に入営するが、8日後に除隊。
- He joined the artillery regiment in Ichikawa, but was discharged eight days later.
- その内部資料は、ほかの部隊も求めたという。
- The other troops also wanted access to these internal materials.
- その後近藤隊に属し、池田屋の周囲を固めた。
- He then belonged to Kondo's squad and guarded the perimeter of Ikedaya.
- 鳶ヶ巣山、その他の砦守備隊(長篠城の南対岸)
- Garrisons at the Mt. Tobigasu Fort and others (across the river in the south of the castle)
- 仲麻呂軍の先発隊精兵数十人が愛発関で敗れた。
- Nakamaro's advance party of some tens of soldiers were defeated at Arachi no-seki checking station.
- 第二次世界大戦中、第442連隊戦闘団に所属。
- He was a member of the 442nd Regiment during World War II.
- ロス市警殺人課アジア特捜隊隊長、ロス郡検事。
- The head of the Asian special investigation unit of the homicide division of the L.A. Police Department, and prosecutor for L.A. County.
- この機に援軍を得た官軍中央諸隊は反撃に出た。
- Taking advantage of that, the companies of the Middle troop of the government army were reinforced and started counterattack.
- 官軍の正面隊は原生林に放火しながら進撃した。
- The front troop of the government army advanced while setting fire to the virgin forest.
- 淵辺群平は干城隊八番中隊を久木野に寄越した。
- Gunpei FUCHIBE sent the eighth company of the Kanjo-tai troop to Kukino.
- 新選組では三番隊組長や撃剣師範などを務める。
- He served as a leader of Sanban-tai troop or a grand master of the Gekken martial art in the Shinsen-gumi masterless warrior party.
- 7月にはロシアのプチャーチン艦隊が長崎へ来航。
- In July of that same year the Putyatin fleet from Russia arrived at Nagasaki.
- 実質的に貴族院における政友会の別働隊となった。
- It became practically a supporting group of Seiyukai.
- 吉次峠部隊は、薩軍に対して牽制攻撃を仕掛けた。
- The Kichiji Pass force made a containing attack on the Satsuma army.
- ─ 坂元仲平指揮20個中隊(計約1,300名)
- - Twenty companies led by Nakahira SAKAMOTO (approx 1,300 soldiers in total)
- 辺見は官軍を撃退すべく大口の雷撃隊を展開した。
- To defeat the government army, HENMI deployed the Raigeki-tai troop in Oguchi.
- 敗戦後、退却する島津隊の道案内をしたと伝わる。
- It is said that he was a guide when Shimazu's army withdrew from Gifu-jo Castle after the battle.
- 入隊は文久三年(1863年)五月二十五日以降。
- Shuntaro joined Shinsengumi sometime after July 10, 1863.
- 五番隊組長、兵学・文学師範、軍事方(軍奉行)。
- He was the leader of the Fifth Unit, instructor of military science and literature, and military commissioner.
- 会津戦争:大鳥軍、衝鋒隊、共に新政府軍と戦う。
- Aizu War: The Otori army and Shohotai fought against the New government army.
- (一般に部隊の半数が負傷でも壊滅的打撃である)。
- (Typically, a squad is devastated if its half is injured).
- 西郷はこの日、各隊長宛に教書を出し奮起を促した。
- On the same day, SAIGO issued to the troop commanders a message to urge them to make more efforts.
- 騒動の発生地域・参加人員と軍隊出動、検挙者の処遇
- Area where riots occurred, participants and call-out of armies and treatment of people under arrest
- ─ 篠原国幹・別府晋介(6個小隊約1,200名)
- Kunimoto SHINOHARA, Shinsuke BEPPU (six platoons, about 1200 strong)
- 振武隊は夜に恒吉を出発し、8日に百引に到着した。
- The Shinbutai departed from Tsuneyoshi in the night, and arrived at Mobiki on July 8.
- 鵬翼隊二番中隊は岩棚より程角道三方堺に退却した。
- The 2nd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop retreated from Iwadana to Sanpokai along the Teikaku-do Road.
- 田沼は、蝦夷地を調べる為に幕府の探検隊を作った。
- Tanuma organized an expedition team to investigate Ezo (present Hokkaido) for the government.
- 同じく新選組隊士である谷三十郎と谷万太郎は実兄。
- Sanjuro TANI and Mantaro TANI, both a member of Shinsengumi, were his real elder brothers.
- 1938年1月16日、新撰組最後の隊士であった。
- On January 16, 1938, he was the last member of Shinsengumi.
- 二番隊は一番隊の小西行長とは別路の先鋒であった。
- The second squad led the advance guard on a different route from that of Yukinaga KONISHI's first squad.
- 3月、プロシア近衛歩兵第二連隊の軍隊任務につく。
- In March, he joined the military service in the Second Infantry Regiment of Prussian Imperial Guard.
- 各部隊の士官は旗本やその子弟をあてることとした。
- The officers of those troops were mainly hatamoto or younger family members of hatamoto.
- ─ 越山休蔵(3個小隊)、池辺吉十郎(熊本隊主力)
- Kyuzo KOSHIYAMA (three platoons), Kichijuro IKEBE (main force of the Kumamoto-tai troop)
- 熊本隊(池辺吉十郎)・熊本隊一番小隊長(佐佐友房)
- Kumamoto-tai troop (Kichijuro IKEBE), Leader of the 1st platoon of the Kumamoto-tai troop (Tomofusa SASSA.)
- ─ 河野主一郎指揮5個中隊及び延岡隊(約750名)
- - Five companies led by Shuichiro KONO and the Nobeoka-tai troop (approx 750 soldiers)
- 替わって河野主一郎の中隊が逆襲して官軍を撃破した。
- Then the company led by Shuichiro KONO took the place, and counterattacked and defeated the government army.
- 2個小隊からなる中隊編制が用いられることもあった。
- In some cases, companies, each of which was composed of two platoons, were used.
- これを知った吉村は決死隊を編成して夜襲をこころみる。
- After he knew of the retreat of Tenchu-gumi, YOSHIMURA organized a death squad and tried a night attack.
- この当時は後の両番のような親衛隊的側面も有していた。
- At the time, oban had a role as the bodyguard which was later succeeded by ryoban.
- 興隆してゆく民族や軍隊の反映が「軍人勅諭」にはある。
- 'The Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors' reflects the rise of a nation and the army.
- 平成二十年 新潮文庫 「兵隊たちの陸軍史」伊藤桂一著
- Heishitachi no Rikugunshi (Army History of Soldiers)' written by Keiichi ITO, published by SHINCHOSHA Publishing Co., Ltd., in 2008
- ─ 小隊長蒲生彦四郎、種子島彦五郎... 西郷の警備
- Platoon leader: Hikoshiro GAMO, Hikogoro TANEGASHIMA, … SAIGO's guard
- 17日、1個大隊に薩軍の右翼をつかせる作戦をとった。
- On April 17, the government army took the strategy of making a battalion attack the right flank of the Satsuma army.
- この時、三股では別府九郎の奇兵隊などが防戦していた。
- At the same time, Kiheitai led by Kuro BEPPU fought a defensive battle in Mimata.
- 7月7日、振武隊大隊長中島は国分より恒吉に到着した。
- July 7, Battalion Commander NAKAJIMA of Shinbutai arrived at Tsuneyoshi from Kokubu.
- 薩軍最右翼の大津へは野村忍介指揮の部隊が配備された。
- The troops led by Oshisuke NOMURA were deployed in the right-most flank of the Satsuma army.
- 5月16日、官軍が一ノ瀬の鵬翼隊五番中隊を攻撃した。
- On May 16, the government army attacked the 5th company of the Hoyoku-tai troop in Ichinose.
- 熊本鎮台偵察隊と衝突し、これを追って熊本へ進出した。
- They encountered the reconnaissance troops of Kumamoto Chindai Army, then left Kumamoto to pursue them.
- 元治元年(1864年)11月、伊東甲子太郎らが入隊。
- In December 1864, Kashitaro ITO was enrolled in the troops.
- そのため、来島又兵衛や真木和泉らと諸隊を率いて東上。
- Consequently, he headed for the east leading various corps, including Matabe KIJIMA and Izumi MAKI.
- 慶応元年四月の組織再編で四番隊組長・柔術師範となる。
- The group was restructured in April 1865, and he became the leader of the Forth Unit and instructor of jujutsu.
- 慶応元年(1865年)の組織再編で五番隊組長になる。
- The group was restructured in 1865 and he became the leader of the Fifth Unit.
- しかし、何故か隊の名簿に原田の名は載っていなかった。
- However, for some reason, Harada's name was not on the list of squad members.
- 他方、帰順した部隊が新政府軍に編入された例もあった。
- On the other hand, some troops which returned to allegiance were incorporated into the new government.
- なお、対馬→壱岐を侵した後、元艦船隊は鷹島へ向かった。
- The Yuan fleet that had invaded Tsushima and then Iki headed for Taka-shima Island.
- 後に海軍内での派閥には条約派・艦隊派が生まれていった。
- There arose 'Joyaku (treaty) faction' and 'Kantai (fleet) faction' in the Navy later.
- 決死隊はなすところなく退却して、高取城攻撃は失敗した。
- The death squad retreated as it knew no way to recover and the attack on Takatori-jo Castle failed.
- 奇兵隊は、明治維新以降、鎮台の設立に伴って廃止された。
- With the construction of chindai (garrison in Meiji era), Kiheitai Army was abolished after the Meiji restoration.
- しかし、警視抜刀隊が薩軍と対等に戦えることが分かった。
- The government army incidentally found that the Keishibatto-tai troop could fight equally the Satsuma army.
- 7月15日早朝、行進隊・奇兵隊は嘉例川街道を攻撃した。
- In the early morning of July 15, Koshin-tai and Kihei-tai attacked the Kareigawa-kaido Road.
- 一方、後発の振武隊は進路を誤り、荒佐の官軍と遭遇した。
- On the other hand, the later dispatched Shinbutai took a wrong course and encountered the government army at Arasa.
- この日、一ノ瀬の鵬翼隊三番中隊の塁にも官軍が襲来した。
- On the same day, the fort of the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop was also raided by the government army.
- 薩軍各隊は大いに苦戦し、次々と兵を原田村に引き揚げた。
- The troops of the Satsuma army fought against heavy odds and were forced to withdrew to Harada Village one after another.
- 5月28日明け方、官軍が舞床の鵬翼隊三番中隊を襲った。
- At dawn on May 28, the government army attacked the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop in Maitoko.
- 得意の算術を活かし、勘定方として、隊費の経理面で活躍。
- He played an active role in the accounting of expenses for the group as an accountant, utilizing his skills at arithmetic.
- 自ら隊長となり、白川土佐藩邸を陸援隊の本拠地と定める。
- He became the head of the Rikuentai and established its headquarters at the Shirakawa Tosa clan residence.
- 同年の一ノ谷の戦いでは源義経に従って、奇襲部隊に参加。
- In the Battle of Ichinotani of the same year, took part in the brigade of commando, following MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune.
- 奇兵隊など諸隊を創設し、幕末長州藩を倒幕に方向付けた。
- He formed various military corps including the Kiheitai (irregular militia) and led the Choshu clan to campaign against the shogunate.
- また本城隊に合流した晴久本隊の攻撃を受け大敗している。
- Struck by Haruhisa's main force that had converged with the castle's troops, he suffered a crushing defeat.
- 恐らく他の武将からも鉄砲隊供出は行われたものと思われる。
- It is likely that other busho also provided teppo units.
- この5人の武将以外の部隊の鉄砲の数には言及されていない。
- It remains silent as to the number of teppo supplied to the other units.
- つまり、軍制上から単独兵科としての騎馬隊の編成は難しい。
- This means that the military system did not allow cavalry units to be formed by cavalrymen alone.
- 居留民保護のため1875年までは英仏軍隊も駐留していた。
- In order to protect the residents of the settlements, British and French troops were stationed in the settlements until 1875.
- 長州藩の奇兵隊は長州藩諸隊と呼ばれる常備軍の1つである。
- Kiheitai Army of Choshu Domain was one of the standing armies called troops of Choshu Domain.
- 屯田兵は、二百余戸の中隊を一つの単位として兵村を作った。
- Tondenhei formed a heison (tondenhei village) as a unit of a troop of about two hundred families.
- この時に決められた諸隊編成及び指揮長は以下の通りである。
- The organization of the troops and commanders decided on this occasion were as follows:
- その突撃の勢いは凄まじく、藤堂隊の先陣は一気に壊滅した。
- The power of the rush was so tremendous that the vanguard of the troops of Todo was annihilated at a stretch.
- この出動を機に会津藩は壬生浪士組に新選組の隊名を与えた。
- Upon this mobilization of Miburoshi-gumi, Aizu Clan gave them the name of Shinsen-gumi.
- 元治元年頃から隊士の動向調査や情報探索の任についている。
- Around 1864, he started to be engaged in investigating the movement of members as well as collecting the information.
- - 歩兵隊を再編した衝鋒隊や伝習歩兵隊,伝習士官隊など。
- Shohotai reorganized from infantry, learning infantry, learning officer troops etc. joined.
- 部隊ごとに差はあるにしても一部隊の人数は2千人に達しない。
- It follows that each army would have had less than 2,000, making allowances for individual differences.
- 武田の敗残兵は本隊への合流を図ってか豊川を渡って退却した。
- The remnants of Takeda's defeated army retreated across Toyo-gawa River, seeking to join the main body.
- 先住民族からなる高砂義勇隊は南方戦線で大きな活躍を見せた。
- The Takasago Volunteer Army consisting of aborigines were very brave in the Southern battle line.
- 最後の13代九鬼隆義は藩政改革を行い、軍隊を洋式に改めた。
- Takayoshi KUKI, the 13th and the last head, changed the system of their army to western style by conducting reformation of domain duties.
- 奇兵隊は総督を頂点に、銃隊や砲隊などが体系的に組織された。
- Kiheitai Army placed the governor-general on the top of the organization and systematically organized musket unit and cannon unit.
- しかし5月9日、官軍は再び材木村の鵬翼隊六番中隊を攻めた。
- However, on May 9, the government army attacked the 6th company of the Hoyoku-tai troop in Zaimoku Village again.
- 5月28日、今度は官軍が鹿沢村の常山隊七番中隊を攻撃した。
- On May 28, the government army attacked the 7th company of the Jozantai-tai troop in Kazawa Village.
- 豊後口警視徴募隊に抜刀隊として参加し、同年5月に戦闘参加。
- He joined the Bungoguchi Keishi Chobotai (Bungoguchi Enlisted Commissary Troops) as a member of the 'Army Cutting with a Gouge,' and in May of the same year he took part in a battle.
- 元治元年11月、新選組は江戸にて大規模な隊士募集を行った。
- In November 1864, the Shinsengumi recruited new members in Edo on a large scale.
- この後、東京への陳情に出かける農民と警官隊との衝突も起きた。
- And after that, actual collisions came to take place between the peasants who were going to make petitions in Tokyo and the police.
- 中でも地中海に派遣された第二特務艦隊の活躍は目覚ましかった。
- Above all, the second special duty fleet which was dispatched to the Mediterranean performed brilliant exploits.
- 檜垣直枝・佐川官兵衛(元会津藩家老)・斎藤一(元新撰組隊士)
- Naoe HIGAKI, Kanbei SAGAWA (a former chief retainer of Aizu Domain), and Hajime SAITO (a former member of Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate))
- この那珂湊攻略の際に天狗党の一隊が駆けつけ頼徳方に加勢した。
- When occupying Nakaminato, a group of Tenguto came and helped Yorinori.
- 会津戦争のときに会津藩が維新政府に抵抗するためにつくった部隊
- A troop of Aizu Domain formed during the Aizu War to resist the restoration government
- 25日、歩兵第14連隊は山鹿街道と高瀬道に分かれて進撃した。
- On February 25, the 14th regiment was divided into two groups; one was to push through the Yamaga Highway and the other through the Takase Road.
- 4月1日、別働第1旅団が薩軍夜襲隊を追撃して宇土を占領した。
- On April 1, the detached 1st brigade chased a night attack troop of the Satsuma army, and seized Uto.
- 官軍の攻撃を成功に導いたのは別働の吉次峠部隊の活躍が大きい。
- The government army succeeded in the attack largely because the detached force at Kichiji Pass fought actively.
- 2月20日、別府晋介率いる加治木の諸隊が川尻に到着し始めた。
- On February 20, the troops from Kajiki led by Shinsuke BEPPU were successively arriving at Kawajiri.
- 人吉隊の中にはのちに官軍に採用され軍務に服したものもあった。
- Some members of the Hitoyoshi-tai troop were later employed by the government army and performed military duties.
- 官軍は勢いに乗じて干城隊八番中隊・振武隊十六番小隊を攻めた。
- Driving on without a stop, the government army attacked the 8th company of the Kanjo-tai troop and the 16th platoon of the Shinbu-tai troop.
- 艦隊は大西洋を渡って、以下を経て上海市に5月4日に到着した。
- The squadron crossed the Atlantic and arrived in Shanghai on May 4, 1853 after taking the following route:
- しかし西軍全体では戦意の低い部隊が多く、次第に不利となった。
- However, the troops of the western army generally had less will to fight and gradually found themselves at a disadvantage.
- 文久3年(1863年)6月、高杉晋作の創設した奇兵隊に参加。
- In July 1863, he joined Kiheitai Irregular Militia, which had been founded by Shinsaku TAKASUGI.
- 22日、相次いで到着した薩軍の大隊は熊本鎮台を包囲攻撃した。
- On February 22, when the battalions of the Satsuma army arrived at the Kumamoto garrison one after another, they besieged and attacked it.
- 同年7月、御楯隊司令として芸州口に転戦、数々の勝利を収めた。
- In August of the same year, he moved from place to place to fight, heading to Geishukuchi as a commander of the Mitate party, winning many battles.
- 文久三年五月には新撰組の前身である壬生浪士組に入隊している。
- He had joined Mibu-Roshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group), the predecessor of Shinsengumi, by May 1863.
- その傷から、「死損ね左之助」と隊内でアダ名されたようである。
- For this wound, he was nicknamed in the group as 'Sanosuke not dead yet.'
- この戦闘には歩兵隊や伝習隊など多数が動員されたが、敗北した。
- A lot of soldiers from infantry and Denshutai joined these battles, but they were defeated.
- 一部は部隊規模で脱走し、戊辰戦争では各地で戦闘を繰り広げた。
- Some troops escaped, and in various places, they joined the battles in Boshin War.
- (この時は対上杉に1万の抑え部隊が配置されていたと言われる)。
- (They seem to have deployed 10,000 men to defend their territory against the Uesugi force).
- 第二特務艦隊は、駆逐艦榊の59名を含み78名の戦没者を出した。
- The second special duty fleet had 78 fallen soldiers, including 59 of the destroyer Sakaki.
- これを好機と見た桐野が決死精鋭の1隊を率いて馳せ下り攻撃した。
- Taking this opportunity, KIRINO led a troop of the best fighters who were ready to die, ran down to the fighting field, and attacked the enemy.
- もともと、軍隊としての存在意義が薄かったための解散でもあった。
- The army was disbanded, because their significance as a military force was low.
- これらの部隊は一時薩軍を走らせたものの、逆襲にあい、撤退した。
- These units drove off the Satsuma army once, but was fought back and retreated.
- しかし、この小隊も植木で官軍と遭遇し、小倉電撃作戦は失敗した。
- However the platoon encountered the government army in Ueki and the Kokura blitz plan was failed.
- 結果、両者の間の高熊山に籠もっていた熊本隊は完全に包囲された。
- As a result, the Kumamoto-tai troop, which was hiding in Mt. Takakuma located between the two brigades, was completely besieged.
- 延岡隊は京塚を守って健闘したが、弾薬が尽きたので後線に退いた。
- The Nobeoka-tai troop fought bravely, keeping Kyozuka, but retreated to the rearguard because they run out of ammunition.
- (ぜんざい屋事件)その後同じ慶応元年、7番隊組長に抜擢される。
- (Zenzaiya Incident). After that, in the same year, he was elected to the leader of the seventh unit.
- 自身が組織した赤備えは戦国屈指の精鋭部隊として特に有名である。
- His Akazonae (red arms), which he organized himself, are especially famous as some of the best elite troops among Sengoku (warring provinces).
- 文禄の役では二番隊主将となり鍋島直茂、相良頼房を傘下に置いた。
- He became Shusho (commander-in-chief) of the second squad in the Bunroku War and placed Naoshige NABESHIMA and Yorifusa SAGARA under him.
- やがて唐本国から劉仁軌の率いる7000名の救援部隊が到着した。
- Before long, the rescue force of 7000 people, led by RYU Jin Ki from the Tang Dynasty, arrived.
- 尾形 俊太郎(おがたしゅんたろう、生没年不詳)は、新選組隊士。
- Shuntaro OGATA (Years of birth and death unknown) was a member of Shinsengumi (a group which guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
- 近藤勇の江戸道場、試衛館以来の生え抜き隊士で十番隊組長となる。
- He had been in the group since he was training at Shieikan, Isami KONDO's dojo (training hall) in Edo, and became the leader of the Tenth Unit.
- 因みに一般的イメージの小姓とは異なり、純然たる戦闘部隊である。
- Incidentally, the kosyogumi was different from kosho (pageboy) in the general conception and was purely a combat troop.
- やがて官軍は別隊を進め、薩軍の中腹を攻撃しようと熊本隊に迫った。
- Before long, the government army made other troops advance, and in order to attack the center flank of the Satsuma army, made them close in on the Kumamoto-tai troop.
- 反撃に出た西郷軍では9月4日、貴島率いる決死隊が米倉を急襲した。
- On September 4, among Saigo's forces, which had started counterattacking, the Kesshi-tai troop led by KIJIMA made a surprise attack on Yonekura.
- が、守旧派の軍隊は開化派の軍隊との待遇が違うことに不満があった。
- However, the Conservative Party's troops were dissatisfied at being treated differently than the Progressive Party's military unit.
- 閔妃一族が開化派の筆頭となり日本と同じく近代的な軍隊を目指した。
- Queen Min and her clan members took leading roles in the Progressive Party, and aimed to make their army as modern as Japan's.
- 親民政党議員が多く、貴族院における民政党の別働隊として活動した。
- Most councilors were pro-Minsei Party and it acted as a supporting group for the Minsei Party (civil administration party).
- だが、6月に入って米仏艦隊が報復攻撃し、長州藩は敗北してしまう。
- However, in July squadrons from the United States and France took reprisals and Choshu Domain was defeated.
- 親衛隊側面はそちらに移行し、大番は幕府の直轄軍事力となってゆく。
- The role as a guardian was taken over by shoinban and koshogumi and oban gradually became a military force under the direct control of the Edo bakufu.
- この日、大迫尚敏大尉率いる偵察隊は坪井方面の威力偵察に出撃した。
- On this day, the reconnaissance party led by Captain Naoharu OOSAKO set out to scout the Satsuma army's military capability in the Tsuboi area.
- 嘉永6年(1853年)マシュー・ペリー率いるアメリカ艦隊が来航。
- In 1853, the United States Fleet commanded by Matthew PERRY came to Japan.
- ─ 指揮長池上四郎、一番小隊隊長河野主一郎、十番小隊長児玉八之進
- Commander: Shiro IKEGAMI, Leader of the 1st platoon: Shuichiro KONO, Leader of the 10th platoon: Hachinoshin KODAMA
- それから、平原村で河野主一郎部隊の守備を突破し、庄内を占領した。
- Then in Hirahara Village, the government army broke through the defense by Shuichiro KONO's troop and seized Shonai.
- その後も本隊に残された部隊が官軍の勧告を受け入れ次々と降伏した。
- After this, the remaining troops of the main force also successively surrendered by accepting advices from the government army.
- この夜、三方堺の鵬翼隊二番中隊も襲われ、弾薬不足のため背進した。
- In this night, the 2nd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop in Sanpokai was also attacked and forced to retreat due to lack of ammunition.
- 彰義隊の反乱に対して討伐軍を指揮し、わずか1日でこれを鎮圧する。
- At the Battle of Ueno, troops commanded by Omura put down a rebellion by the Shogun's elite Shogitai in a single day.
- その後柴田勝家の与力として、北陸方面部隊の一員として各地を転戦。
- Then, he served under Katsuie SHIBATA as a yoriki (busho, or military commander who was ordered to work under another busho's command as his assistant), and moved from place to place to fight as a member of the troops against the Hokuriku area.
- 儀仗隊を葬列に参加させ、弔砲を定刻に発砲し、偉大な功績を称えた。
- A cortege participated in the funeral procession, and fired an artillery funeral salute at the appropriate time to mark the greatness of his achievements.
- 築造兵と称した工兵隊、天領の農民で組織した御料兵の編成もされた。
- Military engineer troops called chikuzo hei (constructing troops) and goryo hei (imperial property troops) that was composed of farmers in tenryo (a shogunal demesne) were also organized.
- 一陸軍一大隊ヲ存シテ皇宮守衛ノ任ニ當ラシメ其ノ他ハ之ヲ解隊スルコト
- A battalion of the army shall be assigned to guarding the Imperial Palace, and the other battalions shall be disbanded.
- 幕府海軍と高杉率いる艦隊が戦い、奇襲戦法により幕府海軍は敗走した。
- The navy of the bakufu fought against the fleet lead by Takasugi, but it was put to flight by the surprise attack of the Takasugi's fleet.
- この頃、薩軍は各郷から新兵を募集し、新振武隊15個中隊を編成した。
- Around this time, the Satsuma army recruited from villages and organized 15 companies for the new Shinbu-tai troop.
- 秀吉率いる羽柴軍本隊は犬山城に入り徳川軍と対峙し、膠着状態に陥った
- The main body of the Hashiba's forces, led by Hideyoshi, entered Inuyama-jo Castle and faced the Tokugawa's forces, and then the battle become deadlocked.
- 京極丸を羽柴隊に落とされ、久政の籠る小丸は長政の本丸と分断された。
- Since the Kyogokumaru section was broken through by the Hashiba troops, the Komaru section, where Hisamasa entrenched himself, was disconnected from the castle keep, where Nagamasa stayed.
- 辺見と野村忍介が援兵を送り熊本隊を支援したが、官軍は守備を突破した。
- HENMI and Oshisuke NOMURA supported the Kumamoto-tai troop with reinforcements, but government army broke through the defense.
- 池辺の熊本隊主力は佐々らの部隊が苦戦中という誤報を得て寺田に進んだ。
- Having misreported that the platoons led by SASSA and others were putting up a hard battle, the main force of the Kumamoto-tai troop led by IKEBE headed toward Terada.
- この山を占領した官軍は何度も奪取を試みる薩軍右翼隊を瞰射して退けた。
- Once occupied the hill, the government army fired down upon the right flank of the Satsuma army and drove it off, although the Satsuma army had tried to capture the hill again and again.
- 歩兵第14連隊(乃木少佐)は石貫に進む一方で高瀬方面へ捜索を出した。
- The 14th regiment (Major NOGI) headed toward Ishinuki, while sending a reconnaissance party to the Takase area.
- 官軍は田原坂防衛線突破のため、3月11日、軍を主力と別働隊に分けた。
- On March 11, in order to break through the line of defense at Tabaru Slope, the government army was divided into the main force and the detached force.
- 11日、雷撃隊は水俣の間近まで兵を進め、大関山から久木野に布陣した。
- On May 11, the Raigeki-tai troop advanced close to Minamata, and set up a battle formation from Mt. Ozeki to Kukino.
- 6月1日早朝、照岳道の山地中佐隊に続いて官軍が次々と人吉に突入した。
- In the early morning of June 1, the troop of the government army led by Lieutenant Colonel Yamaji from the Shogaku-do Road charged into Hitoyoshi, which was followed by the other troops one after another.
- 以後、忠勝は常に家康の居城の城下に住み、旗本部隊の将として活躍した。
- Afterwards, Tadakatsu always lived near Ieyasu's living castle and performed well as a commander of the hatamoto troop.
- 21日、相次いで到着した薩軍の大隊は順次、熊本鎮台を包囲して戦った。
- The battalions of the Satsuma army arrived one after another, and laid seige to the Kumamoto Chindai and fought on the 21st.
- 天正10年(1582年):山崎の戦いに鉄砲隊を指揮して武功をたてる。
- 1582: He rendered distinguished military service taking command of a firearms troop in the Battle of Yamazaki.
- 当時の軍隊には鉄砲の一斉射撃や速射に高い威嚇効果があった可能性が高い。
- It is highly likely that salvo and rapid firing had a great menacing effect on the army of the time.
- 『戦国鉄砲 傭兵隊』によると、雑賀衆同士が戦った可能性を示唆している。
- 'Sengoku Teppo Yoheitai' (Warring Guns - The Mercenary Force) introduces the possibility that the members of Saikashu fought each other.
- 警察予備隊は、保安隊を経て、1954年(昭和29年)に自衛隊となった。
- The Japan Self-Defense Forces grew out of the National Police Reserve in 1954 after it was reorganized as a Peace Preservation Corps.
- 自衛隊の階級呼称に四等官の名称の名残を感じさせるのは以上の経緯による。
- That's why the title of Self Defense Force officials remind us of Shitokan.
- 現在の日本で統帥権に相当するものとしては自衛隊の最高指揮監督権がある。
- The right of supreme director of Japan Self-Defense Forces is equivalent for supreme command in current Japan.
- 奇兵隊ほか長州藩諸隊は官軍の一部となり、旧幕府軍との戊辰戦争で戦った。
- Kiheitai Army and other Choshu Domain's troops became a part of Imperial army fighting against old Shogunate army in the Boshin War.
- - 音楽、特に軍楽の指導、陸軍分列行進曲(抜刀隊・扶桑歌)の作曲(仏)
- - Served as an instructor of music, especially military music; composed Army marches (Battotai [the Drawn Sword Company] and Fusoka [Song of the Eastern Land])
- また海軍には重富沖から援護させ、鹿児島には第4旅団の1個大隊を残した。
- He made the Navy provide support from the sea area off Shigetomi, and made a battalion of the 4th brigade stay in Kagoshima.
- これにより雷撃隊は官軍の戦略的脅威の範疇から完全に外れることとなった。
- Consequently, the Raigeki-tai troop was completely removed from the category of strategic threats to the government army.
- 官軍は6月20日、高熊山の熊本隊と雷撃隊が占領する大口に攻撃を加えた。
- On June 20, the government army attacked the Kumamoto-tai troop in Mt. Takakuma and the Raigeki-tai troop occupying Oguchi.
- こうして北方から圧力を受けた奇兵隊は6月22日、本拠地を熊田に移した。
- Pressured from the north in this way, Kiheitai moved its base to Kumata on June 22.
- 7月24日、第3旅団は河野主一郎らの破竹隊を攻撃し、庄内を陥落させた。
- On July 24, the 3rd brigade attacked Hachiku-tai led by Shuichiro KONO and others, and conquered Shonai.
- 新選組への入隊は池田屋事件以前で、池田屋事件の際は近藤隊に属している。
- He joined Shinsengumi before the Ikedaya Incident, and belonged to the Kondo unit at the time of the Ikedaya Incident.
- 墓所は京都市の京都霊山護国神社、山口市の朝日山招魂社(八幡隊招魂場)。
- His graveyards are located in Kyoto Ryozen Gokoku-jinja Shrine, in Kyoto City, and Mt. Asahi Shokon-sha Shrine in Yamaguchi City (Hachimantai Shokonjo [a shrine made for enshrining Hachimantai members who died for the nation]).
- 新選組隊士・田中伊織と新見錦を同一人物とする説もあるが、定かではない。
- There is a theory that a member of Shinsengumi Iori TANAKA and Nishiki NIIMI was the same person, but it is unclear.
- これは彰義隊と官軍の実際の戦いを弟子の年景とともに取材した作品である。
- For that work, Yoshitoshi went to the battlefield to see the battle between the shogitai army and the Imperial army with his disciple Toshikage.
- だが、なぜか江戸を離れてから用を思い出したと江戸に戻って彰義隊に加入。
- After leaving Edo, however, he strangely returned to Edo, saying that he remembered that he had something to do there, and then joined Shogitai.
- このことによって、設楽原に進んだ武田本隊の退路を脅かすことにも成功した。
- It succeeded in nearly blocking the escape route of Takeda's main body which had advanced to Shitaragahara.
- 芸州口では、長州藩と岩国藩が幕府歩兵隊や紀州藩兵などとの戦闘が行われる。
- The Choshu clan and the Iwakuni clan fought against the bakufu's infantry and the Kishu clan army in Geishu-guchi.
- 山本勘助と馬場信春は、兵を二手に分ける、大規模な別働隊の編成を献策した。
- Kansuke YAMAMOTO and Nobuharu BABA proposed the plan to divide their forces into two troops, organizing a separate large-scaled troop..
- 三番中隊は大野口の敗報を聞き、左小隊を鎌瀬、右小隊を植柘に分けて退いた。
- Receiving the report that the Satsuma army was defeated in the battle in Onoguchi, the 3rd company made the right platoon retreat to Kamase and the left one to Tsuge.
- 慶応3年(1867年)5月、御楯隊と鴻城隊を合体した整武隊の総管に就任。
- In June 1867, he assumed Sokan (director) of the Seibu party, which was a coalition of the Mitate party and the Koujo party.
- 後日、加藤羆という隊士が武田観柳斎に同心したとして、切腹させられている。
- Later, a member called Higuma KATO was ordered to commit seppuku for having conspired with Kanryusai TAKEDA.
- 末次信正、加藤寛治らのいわゆる艦隊派の提督が東郷を利用し軍政に干渉した。
- The heads of the so called Kantaiha (Fleet Faction) Nobumasa SUETSUGU, Kanji KATO used Togo to interfere in the military administration.
- 騎兵のみで部隊を構成したという事実は一部を除いてない(塩尻峠の戦いなど)。
- With some exceptions (like the Battle of Shiojiritoge), no cavalry unit was formed by horsemen alone.
- しかし、9月3日には官軍が形勢を逆転し、城山周辺の薩軍前方部隊を駆逐した。
- However, on September 3, the government army reversed the situation, driving away the front troop of the Satsuma army around the Shiroyama area.
- (田中愿蔵の別働隊も後に八溝山に至って解隊、ほとんどが捕われ処刑される。)
- (Other groups of army organized by Genzo TANAKA later reached the Mt. Yamizo and broke up, and most of them were arrested and executed.)
- 功一級天皇直隷部隊の将官(主に大・中将)たる司令官に対して特別詮議の上授与
- The First Grade is awarded, after special investigation, to commanding officers (mainly commanders or lieutenant generals) serving as generals of forces directly under the Emperor's supervision.
- 隊士らは西洋式の兵法をよく吸収して当時最新の兵器を取り扱い、戦果を上げた。
- Those officers gained military achievements by handling the newest weapons absorbing the Western art of warfare.
- また、部落問題民をも奇兵隊に取り入れていたという事実も特筆するべきである。
- The fact that Kiheitai Army involved people in Buraku problem was worthy of special mention.
- 大島口では、幕府陸軍の洋式歩兵隊と伊予松山藩の兵が、大島に上陸し占領した。
- The Western style infantry of the bakufu and the soldiers of the Iyo-Matsuyama Domain landed from Oshima-guchi, and occupied Oshima.
- 8月7日、奇兵隊三・六・十四番隊は別働第2旅団の攻撃を受け、山蔭から敗退。
- On August 7, the detached 2nd brigade attacked the 3rd, 6th, and 14th troops of the Kihei-tai troop and drove them off from Yamakage.
- 攻撃主力隊は豪雨と霧に紛れながら、二股から谷を越え、田原坂付近に接近した。
- The main force of the attacking army approached Tabaru Slope via a valley from Futamata by taking advantage of downpour and fog.
- 4月10日、黒田長官は屯田兵第一大隊、つまりは屯田兵全部隊に出征を命じた。
- On April 10, General KURODA gave orders to the Tondenhiei Daiichi Daitai (First Battalion) or all the Tondeihei troops to go to the war.
- 陸上部隊は、唐の将、孫仁師、劉仁原及び新羅王の金法敏(文武王)が指揮した。
- The land forces were commanded by the Tang generals Sonjinshi and Ryujingen as well as by Silla's Kimhobin (King Munmu).
- 14日には後続の4個中隊も竹田に到着し、大分突撃隊を選抜して部隊に加えた。
- On May 14, the four later dispatched companies also arrived at Takeda, and the soldiers selected from the Oitatotsugeki-tai joined the forces.
- 12日に先発の4個中隊が延岡を出発して重岡、13日に竹田に入って占領した。
- The four earlier dispatched companies started from Nobeoka and seized Shigeoka on May 12, and seized Takeda on May 13.
- 破竹隊は小林を守備していたが、7月11日、官軍第2旅団によって占領された。
- Kobayashi, defended by Hachikutai, was seized by the 2nd brigade of the government army on July 11.
- まず前衛隊は球磨川北岸沿いを通る球磨川道、南岸沿いを通る佐敷道から攻めた。
- First, the advance guard made attacks from both banks of the Kuma-gawa River, the Kuma-gawa-do Road along the north bank and the Sashiki-do Road along the south bank.
- 鵬翼隊五番中隊左小隊、干城隊二番中隊は防戦したが、敗れて石河内に退却した。
- The left platoon of the 5th company of the Hoyoku-tai troop and the 2nd company of the Kanjo-tai troop fought back, but were defeated and retreated to Ishikawauchi.
- 遠江国に侵攻してきた武田軍本隊と戦うため、天竜川を渡って見附宿にまで進出。
- To fight with the main body of Takeda's troops that had invaded into Totomi Province, Ieyasu's troops crossed the Tenryu-gawa River, advancing to Mitsukejuku.
- 淵辺群平は本営附護衛隊長となり、狙撃隊を率いて西郷を護衛することになった。
- Gumpei FUCHINO became the Honei-fu-goeitaicho (commander of convoy attached with Headquarters) and guarded Saigo with a sniper force.
- 1867年(慶応 (元号)3年)の隊士募集で兄の辰之助と共に14歳で入隊。
- In 1867, he joined the Shinsengumi at the age of 14 with his older brother Tatsunosuke as it was accepting application.
- 元治元年の池田屋事件では土方隊に属し、当夜の戦功により報奨金15両を賜る。
- In the Ikedaya Incident in 1864, he belonged to Hijikata's squad and received 15 ryo (currency unit) as a reward for his achievement on that night.
- フランス人教官の不足から、伝習隊の一部は日本人教官による指導を受けていた。
- Some soldiers of Denshutai received trainings from Japanese instructors due to shortage of French instructors.
- 兵士である下番も歩兵隊に改編されて箱館の警備部隊として配置されるなどした。
- 下番, soldiers, were incorporated into infantry, and were assigned to military guards in Hakodate, and so on.
- 先手とは先陣・先鋒という意味であり、戦闘時には徳川氏の先鋒足軽隊を勤めた。
- Sakite meant van or spearhead, and served as ashigaru-tai (foot soldier units) of the spearhead of TOKUGAWA clan in battles.
- 従来通りの野戦と騎馬隊突撃の戦術を用いたのが大敗の一番の理由とする説もある。
- Some have argued that the primary reason for Takeda's crushing defeat was the employment of traditional tactics for field battle and cavalry charge.
- 『戦国鉄砲 傭兵隊』によると根来衆経由で雑賀衆に持ち込まれたと思われている。
- According to 'Sengoku Teppo Yoheitai,' guns are believed to have been brought to Saikashu through Negoroshu.
- (実態はともかく)連合軍が武田の騎馬隊を注意深く警戒していたのは事実である。
- (Apparently) the allied forces were on high alert against Takeda's cavalry.
- また隊員も両班の子弟が中心だったことから、守旧派と待遇が違うのは当然だった。
- Besides, as the members of the unit were mainly young people from the yangban (literally, 'the two groups', an elite class at the peak of society during the Joseon Dynasty), the way they were treated could not be the same as the soldiers of the Conservative Party.
- 途中、田中愿蔵が別働隊を組織して栃木、真鍋などに送り、資金調達を図るも失敗。
- On their way, Genzo TANAKA organized other groups of army and sent them to Tochigi and Manabe with the aim of raising funds but resulted in vain.
- 家康が大坂の役の折、煌びやかな直孝隊を見て平和な時代で堕ちた赤備えを嘆いた。
- At the time of Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka), Ieyasu saw Naotaka's gaudy troop and deplored the Akazonae which had fallen to the ground in the peaceful age.
- そのため、将軍・大御所・世子の親衛隊ではない大番が西の丸に置かれる事はない。
- Since Oban was not the guardians of a shogun, an ogosho (a retired shogun), and a seishi (the heir), oban was not placed to Nishinomaru (the western enceinte).
- 20日には黒田清隆参軍率いる1箇大隊半と警視隊500名余が日奈久に上陸した。
- On February 20, one and a half battalions led by Sangun Kiyotaka KURODA and the Keishi-tai troop of more than 500 strong disembarked at Hinagu.
- まず3月30日の明け方に近衛鎮台の2隊が二手に分かれて隈府に攻め入ってきた。
- At dawn on March 30, two troops of Konoe Garrison invaded Waifu from two directions at first.
- 中隊はいくつか集まって大隊を編成したが、大隊レベルの編成はしばしば変わった。
- Several troops were combined into one battalion, but the organization of battalion levels was often changed.
- 上杉政虎は、8月15日に善光寺に着陣し、荷駄隊と兵5000を善光寺に残した。
- Masatora UESUGI and his forces arrived at Zenko-ji Temple on September 23, and made transportation corps and 5,000 soldiers stay at Zenko-ji Temple.
- 8月2日、銀鏡にいた部隊は美々津に退却せよとの命令を受け、美々津に向かった。
- On August 2, having received a command to retreat to Mimitsu, the troops in Shiromi moved towards Mimitsu.
- 一方、霞権現へ向かった鵬翼三番隊は奇襲に成功し、銃器・弾薬等の軍需品を得た。
- On the other hand, the 3rd troop of the Hoyoku-tai troop, having advanced to Kasumi-gongen, succeeded in a surprise attack and looted ordnance including firearms and ammunition.
- 雷撃隊はこれらを激しく邀撃したが、二面攻撃に耐え切れず、大口方面へ後退した。
- The Raigeki-tai troop fought with these forces fiercely, but could not withstand the attacks from two sides and retreated towards the Oguchi area.
- 6月1日、三洲盤踞の根拠地となっていた人吉が陥落し、薩軍本隊は大畑へ退いた。
- On June 1, Hitoyoshi, which had been the base for controlling the three provinces, was seized and the main force of the Satsuma army retreated to Ohata.
- 7月19日には都城危急の知らせにより高野の雷撃隊は庄内へ移動し守りを固めた。
- On July 19, having got the report that Miyakonojo was in a crisis, Raigeki-tai in Takano moved to Shonai to reinforce the defensive power.
- 先に薩軍最左翼の御船が敗れ、20日夜半には最右翼の大津の野村部隊も退却した。
- At first, the Satsuma army was defeated in Mifune, positioned as the left flank, and in the night of April 20, the Nomura troop in Otsu, which constituted the right-most flank of the Satsuma army, retreated as well.
- この日は防戦に成功したが、官軍は5月29日に再び鵬翼隊三番中隊右半隊を攻撃。
- On this day, the company successfully defended the fort against the government army, but on May 29, the government army attacked the right half of the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop again.
- 元治元年(1864年)10月、伊東らと新選組の隊士募集に応じて上洛し、入隊。
- In October 1864, he went to Kyoto and applied for the position of members of the Shinsen-gumi masterless warriors' party with ITO and succeeded in getting the position.
- 貧しかった吉村は五人の家族を憂い、当時、天下に勇名を馳せていた新選組に入隊。
- As YOSHIMURA was poor and worried about his five family members and he joined Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate) which was famous for its bravery.
- 慶応4年(1868年)の鳥羽伏見の戦いでは薩摩藩の小銃第一隊長として戦った。
- At the Battle of Toba-Fushimi in 1868, Kiyotaka KURODA fought as the first captain of the Satsuma Domain's rifle troops.
- 水戸派のうち野口だけは粛清されず、その後も幹部の一人として隊に残留している。
- Among the Mitoha group, only Noguchi wasn't purged and stayed in the troop as one of its leaders.
- 1867年に新選組に入隊し、1868年の鳥羽・伏見の戦いや甲陽鎮撫隊に参戦。
- In 1867 he became a member of Shinsengumi and in 1868 he participated in the Battle of Toba and Fushimi, and Koyo Chinbutai (a military unit specially formed for the campaign in Kai Province).
- その後、隊士全員が江戸幕府直参に取り立てられ、14歳にして幕臣の身分となる。
- Afterwards, all the members were promoted to immediate retainers of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and he became a Shogun's retainer at the age of 14.
- 明治2年(1869年)、鹿児島常備隊がつくられとき、第一大隊の隊長となった。
- In 1869, when the Kagoshima regular army was established, he was appointed to the commander of the first battalion.
- 文禄元年(1592年)からの文禄・慶長の役では先鋒部隊として朝鮮へ進攻する。
- In the Bunroku-Keicho Campaign started in 1592, he invaded Korea as a spearhead.
- 1864年、「禁門の変(京都)」に六郷隊(兵士約600人)の隊長として参戦。
- In 1864, at the time of 'the Kinmon Incident' in Kyoto, he participated in the battle as leader of Rokugotai unit (consisting of approximately 600 soldiers)
- 上杉謙信と和睦し、上杉の抑え部隊1万を率いる高坂昌信と合流後、甲斐に退却した。
- Reconciling with Kenshin UESUGI, he united with Masanobu TAKASAKA who led Uesugi's reinforcements of 10,000 men and withdrew to Kai.
- そのうえで、海軍陸戦隊と海兵隊大日本帝国陸海軍を上陸させて第2砲台を放火した。
- Then they sent Naval Landing Forces and Marine Corps and Landing Forces of the Empire of Japan to set fire to the second gun battery.
- 迂回を余儀なくされた西郷軍は9月1日、官軍の守備隊を撃破して鹿児島に潜入した。
- Being forced to detour, Saigo's forces crushed the defenders' troop of the government army and infiltrated into Kagoshima on September 1.
- 午前10時頃、桐野率いる右翼隊は迂回して石貫にある官軍の背後連絡線を攻撃した。
- Around 10 o'clock in the morning, the right flank led by KIRINO made a detour to destroy the government army's line of communications in Ishinuki.
- 一方古閑では、平野隊・重久隊の必死の抗戦により官軍はやむなく撤退してしまった。
- On the other hand, the government army had to evacuate Koga under a desperate counterattack by the Hirano-tai troop and the Shigehisa-tai troop.
- 右翼隊の左縦隊は官軍を岩崎原から葛原山に退けたが、中央隊は弾薬不足で退却した。
- The left column of the right flank drove the government army out of Iwasakihara to Mt. Kuzuhara, whereas the center troop retreated due to the lack of ammunition.
- 政虎は、甘粕景持に兵1000を与えて渡河地点に配置し、武田軍の別働隊に備えた。
- Masatora gave Kagemochi AMAKASU 1,000 soldiers, and deployed them at the river crossing area to prepare for the possible attack by the separate troops of Takeda's forces.
- 奇兵隊という高杉の天才的発想があったからこそ山縣や伊藤は世に出ることができた。
- Yamagata and Ito were able to work their way up because of TAKASUGI’s brilliant ideas, such as Kihei-tai.
- 盛親は、西軍の主力部隊となって東軍に与する各城を落としながら関ヶ原に向かった。
- Morichika formed the main-force unit of the Western forces and headed for Sekigahara assaulting and taking castles that had joined up with the Eastern forces,.
- 逆に武田軍はそれまで雑賀や根来のような鉄砲隊を主力とした軍隊と戦った経験はない。
- The Takeda force, on the other hand, had never fought with the armies like Zaiga and Negoro where teppo units played a central part.
- 徳川方の酒井忠次、小笠原信興の隊が朝倉軍に攻撃したのを皮切りに合戦が開始された。
- First, the troops of Tadatsugu SAKAI and Nobuoki OGASAWARA from Tokugawa side attacked Asakura troops, then the battle broke out.
- 鈴木孫一(雑賀孫市)らを指導者とする雑賀衆は傭兵部隊として三好三人衆軍についた。
- Saikashu, led by Magoichi SUZUKI (a.k.a Magoichi SAIKA) and others, fought with the army of Miyoshi Sanninshu as a mercenary command.
- この戦いに限った話ではないが、有名な「武田の騎馬隊」の実在には様々な異論がある。
- There are various opinions about the existence of 'Takeda's famous cavalry,' which however is not limited to the Battle of Nagashino.
- この警察予備隊本部の長官は国務大臣ではなく、警察予備隊担当の国務大臣が置かれた。
- The chief of this National Police Reserve Head Quarters was not a Minister of State but a Minister of State who managed the National Police Reserve was created instead.
- 県側は急遽浪人らを集め、見廻隊を結成して対応に当たったが、衝突には至らなかった。
- The Prefectural Office hastily mustered ronins (masterless samurai) to organize patrol squads in order to deal with the turmoil, but both sides never clashed.
- 『小野寺書状』によると、表門隊は玄関に差し掛かり、玄関の戸を蹴破ったとしている。
- It is said in 'Onodera Shojo' (Onodera's letters) that when the front gate party arrived at the entrance, they kicked the door to open it.
- 同年に奇兵隊士が撰鋒隊と衝突した教法寺事件の責めを負い、高杉は総督を更迭された。
- TAKASUGI was replaced as the governor-general due to the responsibility for the Incident at Kyoho-ji Temple occurred in the same year in which the member of Kiheitai Army had clashed with a spearhead troop.
- その会同の最中、榎本艦隊旗艦開陽丸が、賓客の来訪を歓迎する21発の礼砲を撃った。
- During the meeting, Enomoto Fleet's flagship Kaiyomaru fired a twenty-one-gun salute to welcome the visit of guests.
- この外、本営附護衛隊長には淵辺がなり、狙撃隊を率いて西郷を護衛することになった。
- Further, FUCHIBE became the leader of the security squad attached to the headquarters and led the sharpshooting squad to guard SAIGO.
- 上月城陥落時、亀井茲矩率いる部隊は秀吉に従っていたために難を逃れていたのである。
- Upon the fall of Kozuki-jo Castle, the unit led by Korenori KAMEI, which was obedient to Hideyoshi, escaped danger.
- 慶長20年(1615年)5月6日の未明、長宗我部隊の先鋒が藤堂高虎隊を発見した。
- Early on June 2, 1615, the vanguard of Chosokabe troop found the troop of Takatora TODO.
- 白虎隊士中二番隊に属し、飯盛山 (福島県)で自刃した篠田儀三郎とは遠縁にあたる。
- SAITO was a member of Chu-Nibantai troops in Byakkotai suicide corps and was remotely related to Gisaburo SHINODA who committed a suicide in Mt. Iimori (Fukushima Prefecture).
- 『奇兵隊 (テレビドラマ)』(日本テレビ放送網年末時代劇スペシャル)…片岡鶴太郎
- 'Kiheitai,' year-end special period drama, Nippon Television Network, played by Tsurutaro KATAOKA
- 同年、八月十八日の政変により帰国後、久坂、堀真五郎らと山口にて八幡隊を結成する。
- In the same year, after returning to Choshu due to the Coup of August 18 (September 30 in new calendar), he formed a group named Hachimantai with Kusaka, Shingoro HORI and other members in Yamaguchi.
- 隊士が増えて6月に編成変えが行われた時には、新見は局長から副長に降格されている。
- When the group was reorganized in July due to the increasing number of members, Niimi was demoted from the leader to the vice commander.
- 9月15日の関ヶ原本戦では、東軍の田中吉政、筒井定次らの部隊と交戦して奮戦する。
- In the main battle in Sekigahara on October 11, he fought bravely against the troops of Yoshimasa TANAKA and Sadatsugu TSUTSUI on the eastern army.
- 歩兵隊については、2個大隊(各10個小隊)からなる連隊が最大の編成単位であった。
- Regarding the infantry, the regiment consisting of two battalions (each battalion has 10 platoons is the largest unit of the army.
- これについては、元の艦隊が偶発的に同地に辿り着いて上陸を試みたものと見られている。
- They are considered to have been the Yuan fleet that accidentally reached there and attempted to disembark.
- 茨城県鹿嶋市には天狗党の一隊大平組に所属し処刑された23人の「天狗党の墓」がある。
- In Kashima City, Ibaraki Prefecture, there is a 'grave of Tenguto' for the 23 members of Tenguto who belonged to a troop called Ohira-gumi Group and were executed.
- 神戸居留地では外国人の自治組織である居留地会議が良く機能し、独自の警察隊もあった。
- The foreigners' self-governing organization in Kobe settlement, called the Kyoryuchi kaigi (Settlement Council), functioned very well, and it possessed its own dedicated police force.
- 出動した軍隊に対してもダイナマイトで対抗するなど、死者13名を数える惨事となった。
- It became a disaster which killed over 13 people since they countered the armies who were called out with dynamite.
- 協同隊(平川惟一・宮崎八郎・崎村常雄)(隊員高田露・有馬源內・野満安親・野滿富記)
- The combined troop (Nobukazu HIRAKAWA, Hachiro MIYAZAKI, Tsuneo SAKIMURA) (members: Akira TAKADA, Gennai ARIMA, Yasuchika NOMITSU, Fumiya NOMITSU)
- しかし、吉次峠部隊の被害は甚大で、駒井大尉をはじめ、この攻撃で多くの命が失われた。
- The Kichiji Pass force suffered a great deal of damage, instead, such that a lot of members including Captain KOMAI were killed in the attack.
- 薩軍では副司令格であった一番大隊指揮長篠原国幹をはじめ、勇猛の士が次々と戦死した。
- In the Satsuma army, courageous soldiers including Commander of the 1st battalion Kunimoto SHINOHARA, who served as the second-in-command, were killed one after another.
- この間の萩原堤での戦いのとき協同隊の宮崎八郎が戦死し、別府晋介が足に重傷を負った。
- In the fight at the Hagiwara bank in this battle, Hachiro MIYAZAKI of the combined troop was killed and Shinsuke BEPPU had his legs injured seriously.
- まもなく熊本鎮台から派遣された偵察隊が別府の隊に発砲し、西南戦争の実戦が始まった。
- In the meantime, the reconnaissance party dispatched from Kumamoto Garrison fired at the troops of BEPPU; here, actual fighting of the Seinan War began.
- 薩軍最左翼の御船へは坂元指揮の諸隊が熊本に入った官軍と入れ替わる形で進駐していた。
- As the government army moved from Mifune to Kumamoto, the troops led by Sakamoto advanced to Mifune in the area that constituted the left-most flank of the Satsuma army.
- 5月5日、雷撃隊と官軍は牛尾川付近で交戦したが、雷撃隊は敗れ、官軍は大口に迫った。
- On May 5, the Raigeki-tai troop fought against the government army near the Ushio-gawa River but was defeated and the government army closed in on Oguchi.
- これに対し官軍は5月4日、別働第3旅団の3個大隊を水俣から大口攻略のため派遣した。
- Against that, on May 4, the government army sent three battalions of the detached 3rd brigade from Minamata to seize Oguchi.
- 薩軍は苦戦したが、大野からきた干城隊三番中隊の参戦により官軍を退けることができた。
- The Satsuma army, reinforced by the 3rd company of the Kanjo-tai troop from Ono, managed to defeat the government army in spite of the disadvantageous situation.
- 久木野にいた干城隊八番中隊も参戦しようとしたが、大野の塁は官軍に奪われてしまった。
- Before the 8th company of the Kanjo-tai troop participated in the battle, the fort in Ono was seized by the government army.
- フランス皇帝ナポレオン3世より幕府に送られたもので、幕府軍の精鋭部隊に与えられた。
- Napoleon the third, Emperor of France, sent the rifles to the bakufu, and they were given to the elite troops of the bakufu.
- 幸先良く前哨戦に勝利した報せを受けて沓掛城で待機していた本隊を大高城に移動させる。
- As he received notice that his army auspiciously won the preliminary skirmish, he decided to move his main unit that had been stationed at Kutsukake-jo Castle to Otaka-jo Castle.
- 文久3年(1863年)に、上海市に渡航した高杉晋作に代わって奇兵隊軍監として活躍。
- In 1863, he played an important role as the assistant deputy general of Kihei-tai on behalf of Shinsaku TAKASUGI, who had gone to Shanghai City.
- こちらの説では、隊士を率いて会津に向かったのは粂部正親または安冨才助とされている。
- According to that theory, the person who had departed for Aizu leading officers was either Masachika KUMEBE or Saisuke YASUTOMI.
- 3月26日、隊内の覇権争いで殿内義雄を四条大橋で、近藤・芹沢鴨らとともに暗殺した。
- On May 13, he assassinated Yoshio TONOUCHI at Shijo-Ohashi Bridge with Kondo and Kamo SERIZAWA due to the hegemony dispute within the troops.
- 9月初旬に藤堂が入隊の誘いに来たと、当時伊東道場に出入りしていた加納の証言がある。
- Kano, who frequented the Ito-dojo at that time, said that Todo came to invite new members in early September.
- 戊辰戦争では赤報隊に加わって投獄された後、軍曹を拝命して会津や越後で戦功を上げた。
- He was appointed to a sergeant and gained fame on the battlefields in Aizu and Echigo after imprisoned for joining the Sekihotai Army in the Boshin War.
- 文久3年(1863年)、薩英戦争が起ると謹慎も解け、西瓜売りを装った決死隊に志願。
- When the Anglo-Satsuma War occurred in 1863, his suspension was dissolved and he applied for Kesshitai (suicide corps) to be a soldier posing as a merchant selling watermelons.
- さらに、このときの沈着な判断力が、のちに連合艦隊司令長官に人選される要素となった。
- Furthermore, his calm sense of judgement from this incident was later a factor in his selection as Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet.
- 鳥羽・伏見の戦い、甲陽鎮撫隊まで新選組として戦いその後、永倉新八と共に靖兵隊結成。
- He had fought as a member of Shinsengumi until the Battle of Toba-Fushimi and the campaign of Koyo Chinbutai (a military unit formed specially for the campaign in Kai Province), and then formed Seiheitai with Shinpachi NAGAKURA.
- 木村重成も藤堂隊の一部を破った後、井伊直孝隊3,200らと交戦、激戦の末に討死した。
- Shigenari KIMURA defeated part of Todo troop and then fought Naotaka II troop, but was killed at the end of a fierce battle.
- 斎藤は後から斬りかかられ命を落としそうになったが梅戸勝之進(平隊士)が斎藤を守った。
- Saito was slashed from behind and was on the verge of losing his life: however, Katsunoshin UMEDO (Hira taishi (common soldier)) saved him.
- 3月30日、官軍主力は三ノ岳の熊本隊を攻撃し、4月1日には半高山、吉次峠を占領した。
- On March 30, the main force of the government army attacked the Kumamoto-tai troop on Mt. Sannotake, and on April 1, occupied Mt. Hanko and Kichij Pass.
- 7月12日、辺見は赤坂の官軍の牙城を攻撃するため、雷撃隊を率いて財部の大河内に進撃。
- On July 12, to attack the stronghold of the government army in Akasaka, HENMI led Raigei-tai and advanced to Ogochi in Takarabe.
- 5月5日には遅れて到着した相良を指揮長とする行進隊など10個中隊が振武隊と合流した。
- On May 5, ten companies including the Koshin-tai troop led by Commander SAGARA arrived later and were merged with the Shinbu-tai troop.
- 4月19日、熊本鎮台・別働第5旅団・別働第2旅団は連繋して健軍地区の延岡隊を攻めた。
- On April 19, the Kumamoto Garrison, the detached 5th brigade and the detached 2nd brigade attacked in cooperation the Nobeoka-tai troop in the Kengun area.
- 6月4日になると、薩軍人吉隊隊長犬童治成らが部下とともに別働第2旅団本部に降伏した。
- On June 4, Harunari KENDO, Commander of the Hitoyoshi-tai troop of the Satsuma army, and others surrendered to the headquarters of the detached 2nd brigade, together with their subordinates.
- 勘定方であったため槍働き(武功)の面では他の隊士に遅れをとっていたという見方もある。
- Some people believe that he was behind the spear works (military exploits) of other members since he was an accountant.
- しかし9月21日、家康の命令を受けて三成を捜索していた田中吉政の追捕隊に捕縛された。
- However, on September 21 he was caught by Yoshimasa TANAKA's troops who had been searching for Mitsunari under Ieyasu's command.
- このとき、前田利家の部隊が動かなかったため、盛政の部隊と勝家の本陣の連絡が断たれた。
- The contact between the Morimasa's force and the Katsuie's headquarters was cut, as the force of Toshiie MAEDA did not move.
- 医家または薬種問屋の息子で、京都で隊士の診療を行っていた松本良順より救急法を学んだ。
- He was the son of a doctor or a drug wholesaler, and he learned first aid from Ryojun MATSUMOTO, who was engaged in the treatment of the members of Shinsengumi.
- しかし同じ豊臣一門である小早川秀秋の裏切りで西軍は総崩れとなり、宇喜多隊は壊滅した。
- However, due to the betrayal of Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA, who was a member of the Toyotomi family, the Western Camp was routed and the Ukita force were destroyed.
- 組合銃隊用の兵員は、歩兵隊とは異なり、平時は各旗本の屋敷に待機することとされていた。
- Unlike infantry, the solders of cooperative musket units had to stand by in the residence of each hatamoto in peacetime.
- 可愛岳を突破した西郷軍は8月18日、鹿川分遺隊を粉砕し、三田井方面への進撃を決定した。
- Having broken through Mt. Eno, Saigo's forces crushed the Shikagawa-bunkentai detachment on August 18 and decided to advance to the Mitai area.
- 反研究会・反政友会色が近く、同成会とともに貴族院における民政党の別働隊として活動した。
- The group was strongly anti-Kenkyukai group and anti-Seiyukai party, and acted as a supporting group for the Minsei Party together with Doseikai group.
- 裏門には吉田兼亮(槍)、小野寺秀和(槍)、間光延(槍)が陣取り、裏門隊の指揮をとった。
- Kanesuke YOSHIDA (spear), Hidekazu ONODERA (spear) and Mitsunobu HAZAMA (spear) took up positions at the back gate and commanded the party.
- ゲーベル銃隊を率いる池内蔵太が空砲で威嚇し、吉村寅太郎が率いる槍隊が裏門から突入した。
- Kurata IKE, who led the Gewehr gun corps, threatened by firing blanks, while the spear corps led by Torataro YOSHIMURA entered from the rear gate.
- 久留米で木葉の敗戦報告を聞いた両旅団長は南下を急ぐ一方、三池街道に一部部隊を分遣した。
- At Kurume, the two brigadier generals learned that their side was defeated in Konoha, and dispatched part of their brigades to the Miike Highway, while hastening the movement toward south.
- 3月20日、薩軍先遣隊と高島大佐率いる官軍は氷川を挟んで激戦し、薩軍は対岸に進出した。
- On March 20, the advance party of the Satsuma army and the government army led by Colonel TAKASHIMA fiercely fought across the Hikawa River, and the Satsuma army advanced to the opposite bank.
- 田原坂の激戦は官軍の小隊長30名のうち11名が命を落としたことからも窺うことができる。
- The fierceness of the battle of Tabaru Slope can be understood from the fact that 11 out of 30 platoon leaders of the government army were killed.
- 屯田兵(とんでんへい)は、明治時代に北海道の警備と開拓にあたった兵士とその部隊である。
- Tondenhei refers to a soldier or a troop that undertook the guard and reclamation of Hokkaido in the Meiji period..
- 4月27日に別働第二旅団に所属することが決まり、鎮台兵一中隊と狙撃兵若干が配属された。
- It was decided on April 27 that they would belong to Betsudo Daini Ryodan (Independent Second Brigade) and one troop for the Chindai (garrison) and several snipers were arranged.
- 桐野利秋は4月14日、熊本隊大隊長池辺吉十郎の建議により、二本木の本営を木山に移した。
- On April 14, Toshiaki KIRINO moved the headquarters from Nihongi to Kiyama, responding to a proposal by Kichijuro IKEBE, Battalion Commander of the Kumamoto-tai troop.
- また辺見は7月23日の岩川攻撃作戦のために雷撃六番隊、干城七番を率いて岩川へ向かった。
- To participate in the strategy of attacking Iwakawa on July 23, HENMI moved towards Iwakawa, leading the 6th company of Raigeki-tai and the 7th company of Kanjo-tai.
- しかし、政府軍は15日に熊本鎮台と第1旅団から部隊を選抜して竹田に投入して反撃に出た。
- However, on May 15, the government army reinforced the troops in Takeda with the troops selected from Kumamoto Garrison and the 1st brigade, and counterattacked the Satsuma army.
- 一方、敷根・上段を守備していた行進隊八番中隊は、官軍の攻撃を受け、福原山へと退却した。
- On the other hand, the 8th company of Koshin-tai, which had defended Shikine and Jodan, was attacked by the government army and retreated to Fukuharayama.
- この援軍の登場により、木村重成が戦死、他の諸部隊も壊滅したため、撤退を余儀なくされる。
- Because of the appearance of these reinforcements, Shigenari KUMURA died in the battle and other troops were also annihilated, Morichika was forced to retreat.
- 中身は隊士名簿や慶応年間の出来事を書いたメモ帳らしいのだが、詳しくは現在解読中である。
- It seems to be a kind of memos recording the list of the Shinsengumi members as well as the events in Keio era, and its decipherment work is currently under way.
- 軍隊における階級位階勲等爵位は元帥_(日本)海軍大将・従一位・菊花章・金鵄勲章・侯爵。
- His various military class ranks and honors included Fleet Admiral, junior first rank, Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum, Order of the Golden Kite, and marquis.
- その援護のもと奇兵隊・報国隊を上陸させ、幕軍の砲台、火薬庫を破壊し幕府軍を敗走させた。
- With this support, he landed Kiheitai and Hokokutai troops and destroyed the gun battery and magazine of the shogunate, whose army then took flight.
- 慶応3年(1867年)6月22日、除隊を申し出た武田の送別会と称し、近藤が宴を開いた。
- On June 22, 1867, Kondo gave a farewell party for Takeda, who had offered his resignation.
- 殿軍の組長として十番隊を指揮し主だった新選組の戦闘には原田の名が必ずあり活躍している。
- Commanding the Tenth Unit as the leader of the rear guard, Harada participated in all major fights of Shinsengumi.
- すでに一定の洋式化が進んでいた八王子千人同心も編入され、八王子千人隊と改称されている。
- Hachioji Sennin Doshin (junior officials in Hachioji), which was already westernized to a certain degree, was also incorporated, changing its name to Hachioji Sennin tai.
- しかし、鉄砲を主力とする守戦を念頭に置いていたため、武田の騎馬隊を誘い込む狙いであった。
- Keeping in mind his strategy in which the teppo units would play a central role, he also attempted to decoy Takeda's cavalry into it.
- 第一中隊の安田安中尉が30名の部下とともに出動し、約1カ月間船舶を監視する任務に就いた。
- Lieutenant YASUDA in the First Troop with his 30 subordinates went there to assume the duty of watching ships for about a month.
- 兵村には、週番所(明治18年(1886年)に中隊本部と改称)、練兵場、射的場が付属した。
- A shubansho (later renamed a chutai-honbu or troop headquarters), a drill court and a rifle range were attached to each heison.
- 2月14日、私学校本校横の練兵場で、騎乗した西郷による一番~五番大隊の閲兵式が行われた。
- On February 14, SAIGO, mounted on a horse, reviewed the troops of the 1st to 5th battalions in the drill ground next to the main campus of Shigakko.
- このため、干城隊三・七番隊、雷撃隊六番隊がこれを防いだが、決着はつかず両軍は兵を退いた。
- For this, the 3rd and 7th companies of Kanjotai and the 6th company of Raigeki-tai defended the attack, but both sides retreated without gaining any decisive result.
- 当初、戦況は薩軍にとって不利な方向に傾いていたが、大崎の振武隊と合流し、官軍に快勝した。
- Initially, the Satsuma army was disadvantageous in the battle, but after Kihei-tai merged with Shinbutai from Osaki, the Satsuma army won a sweeping victory over the government army.
- しかしながら、街道は大部隊が通るには困難な地形であったために官軍は各地で薩軍に敗退した。
- Since the roads had difficult terrains for such big troops to advance, however, the government army were defeated by the Satsuma army in various parts along the highways.
- この部隊は途中、小河内・山野などで少数の薩軍を撃退しながら大口の北西・山野まで進攻した。
- The battalions advanced to the northwest of Oguchi and Yamano by driving off small troops of the Satsuma army in the areas on their way including Ogochi and Yamano.
- そこで、たまたま大野口から湯ノ浦に進撃していた干城隊三・四番中隊と合流し、官軍を退けた。
- The 8th company merged with the 3rd and 4th companies of the Kanjo-tai troop, which happened to be on the way from Onoguchi to Yunoura, and defeated the governments army.
- また、関ケ原合戦後の1601年、忠勝の桑名移封の際には先発隊として桑名城に入城している。
- After the Battle of Sekigahara, Katsutada entered the Kuwana-jo Castle as an advance party in 1601 when Tadakatsu changed the territory to Kuwana.
- その誤用を看過したことは、階級社会の軍隊でも、部下の鴎外に責任がまったく無いといえない。
- Even taking account of the strict class system of the Army, it can't be said that Ogai had no responsibility at all for his superior officer's actions.
- 任務は戦時は旗本部隊に於いて将軍の直掩備・騎馬隊の任に就き、平時は城内の将軍警護に就く。
- Their duty was in the wartime to serve as 直掩備 and cavalry for Shogun under the troops of hatamoto (direct retainers of the shogun), and in the peacetime to guard of Shogun in the castle.
- この部隊単位で考えれば、織田軍の鉄砲が1000丁であったとしても、相対的に相当な数である。
- Even if the Oda family had only 1,000 teppo, this figure can be regarded as significant in relation to the size of each army.
- 別働隊として明石全登300、全軍の後詰として大野治長・七手組の部隊計15,000?が布陣。
- Takenori AKASHI troop of 300 men as an independent troop and Harunaga ONO's nanategumi (seven groups) troop of 15,000 men as a rear-guard troop of the whole army were positioned.
- 5日、家康は住吉から茶臼山に本陣を移し、8日までに到着した部隊にも仕寄の構築を命じている。
- On 5th Ieyasu moved the headquarters from Sumiyoshi to Mt. Chausu-yama and ordered troops that had arrived by 8th to construct shiyori (the old calendar).
- 而して隊長は、谿を下り、岡許に退さしを以て、其命を伝ふるに暇あらず、賊は巳に坪屋に乱入す。
- The troop commander went down a valley and retreated to Okamoto, and therefore, there was no time to send his command, and the rebels had already rushed in Tsuboya.
- 1942年 6月、ハワイ出身の日系人兵士によってアメリカ陸軍第100歩兵大隊が編成される。
- In June 1942, the U.S. Army's 100th Infantry Battalion was constituted by Japanese soldiers from Hawaii.
- 主力は田原坂・吉次峠の突破のために、別働隊は山鹿の桐野部隊の動きを封じ込むためにおかれた。
- The main force was deployed to break through Tabaru Slope and Kichiji Pass, and the detached force was deployed to contain the movements of the KIRINO's troop in Yamaga.
- ─ 指揮長永山弥一郎、一番小隊隊長辺見十郎太、三番小隊長高城七之丞、十番小隊長山内半左衛門
- Commander: Yaichiro NAGAYAMA, Leader of the 1st platoon: Jurota HENMI, Leader of the 3rd platoon: Shichinojo TAKI, Leader of the 10th platoon: Hanzaemon YAMAUCHI
- そこで政府は新たに第4旅団(曾我祐準少将)・別働第5旅団(大山巌少将)1個大隊を派遣した。
- Then the national government newly sent the 4th brigade (led by Major General Sukenori SOGA and a battalion of the detached 5th brigade (led by Major General Iwao OYAMA).
- 薩軍も本営の指令で兵を恒吉に引き揚げ、振武十一番隊を編隊し直し、奇兵隊一・二番中隊とした。
- The Satsuma army also withdrew to Tsuneyoshi according to a command from the headquarters, and reorganized the 11th company of Shinbutai into the 1st and 2nd companies of Kihei-tai.
- 4月30日、常山隊三番中隊は中村、遊撃隊六番小隊春田吉次は頭治などそれぞれ要地を守備した。
- On April 30, the 3rd company of the Jozan-tai troop and Kichiji HARUTA of the 6th platoon of the Yugeki-tai troop took positions to guard the strategic places of Nakamura and Toji, respectively.
- 1864年(元治元年)砲兵隊を率いて参戦した禁門の変において勲功を挙げ公用人に任ぜられる。
- He distinguished himself during Kinmon Incident in 1864, in which he participated with gun crews, therefore he was appointed as a Koyonin.
- 『西南戦争における薩軍出陣の「練兵場」について』)で西郷による正規大隊の閲兵式が行われた。
- The military parade for Seiki-Daitai military battalion was held by Saigo in 'Regarding the a 'drill court' for the Satsuma army's departure for the front in the Seinan War.'
- 横浜では、旧新選組隊士の近藤芳助と共に、水道工事事業に絡む利権で一儲けしたといわれている。
- In Yokohama, he made money on the concession relating to water supply works together with Yoshisuke KONDO, a former member of the Shinsengumi.
- さらに同年9月に組合銃隊についても、幕府の財政事情などから金納による歩兵隊へと変更された。
- Furthermore, in September of the same year, cooperative musket units were changed to infantry hired using the cash paid by hatamoto due to the financial circumstances of bakufu.
- 書院番とともに親衛隊的性格を持つため、番士になる資格が家格や親の役職などで制限されていた。
- Together with shoinban, it was a kind of bodyguard in nature, so qualifications to become a Banshi (a samurai serving as a guard in the Edo period) were limited based on the Kakaku (family status) and post of his father.
- 此際諸隊にして、降らんとするものは降り、死せんとするものは死し、士の卒となり、卒の士となる。
- On this occasion, in all the troops, soldiers should surrender if want to do so, and should die if want to die; Some high-level samurai behave like low-level samurai, and some low-level samurai behave like high-level samurai.
- ・薩将辺見十郎太が、先鋒隊を掲げて、可愛岳の官軍を突いたときは、時恰も18日の昧爽であった。
- It was slightly before the dawn on the 18th of the month when Jurota HENMI, a commander of the Satsuma army, led the Senpo-tai troop and attacked the government army at Mt. Eno.
- 明治政府直属の御親兵も、長州藩の一部部隊を元に諸藩の在京の浪人を集めて組織されたものだった。
- The Goshinpei (army to convoy the Emperor) under the direct command of the Meiji Government was organized based on a part of the Choshu domain's army with recruited ronin (samurai with no lord) in Kyoto.
- 1944年 第100歩兵大隊が日系人志願兵によって組織された第442連隊戦闘団に統合される。
- In 1944, the 100th Infantry Battalion was integrated into the 442nd Regiment, which consisted of Japanese volunteers.
- 幕末期には新設された役職の補充として見廻組や撒兵へ移動となり、また彰義隊にも多くが参加した。
- At the end of the Edo period, kurokuwa were transferred to mimawarigumi (unit of patrolmen) or foot soldier with Western-style training in order to make up the vacancy in the newly established posts, and many of kurokuwa joined Shogitai (group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the Battle of Ueno.)
- 戦国大名に仕えた黒鍬は小荷駄隊に属して、陣地や橋などの築造や戦死者の収容・埋葬などを行った。
- Kurokuwa serving daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku period belonged to konidatai (caravan of men and animals carrying supplies) and engaged in constructing encampments, bridges and so on, and recovering and burying persons killed in war.
- 一方、侵襲隊は薩軍の混乱に乗じて九品寺にある米720俵・小銃100挺などを奪って引き揚げた。
- On the other hand, the Shinshu-tai troop looted 720 bales of rice and 100 rifles by taking advantage of confusion in the Satsuma army.
- 薩軍は都城敗退後、官軍の北・西・南からの攻撃に備え、宮崎を中心に諸隊を以下のように配置した。
- After having been defeated in Miyakonojo, the Satsuma army deployed its troops in the following formation around Miyazaki, preparing for attacks by the government army from the north, west and south.
- 奇兵隊指揮長野村忍介は、5月10日以後、奇兵隊8個中隊を率いて、本格的に豊後攻略を開始した。
- On May 10, Oshisuke NOMURA, Commander of Kiheitai, started efforts to conquer Bungo on a full scale, leading eight companies of Kiheitai.
- 行進隊八・十二番中隊は上段を奪回しようと官軍を攻撃するが、破ることができず、通山へ退却した。
- The 8th and 12th companies of Koshin-tai attacked the government army to retake Jodan but was unable to defeat it and retreated to Tooriyama.
- 薩軍は塁を捨てて後退したが、鵬翼隊三番中隊左小隊の活躍により塁を取り返し、銃器・弾薬を得た。
- The Satsuma army retreated, abandoning the fort, but the left platoon of the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop succeeded in regaining the fort and obtained firearms and ammunition.
- 羽柴軍の左翼が手薄である事を機に乗じて、中川清秀・高山右近両隊を側面から奇襲すべく接近する。
- Since the left wing of the Hashiba force was lightly guarded, Masachika's force approached them in order to make a surprise attack on the forces led by Kiyohide NAKAGAWA and Ukon TAKAYAMA.
- 信長の本隊が追いつく前に武田勝頼・武田信勝父子を天目山の戦いにて自害に追い込む功績をあげた。
- He achieved great success, forcing Katsuyori TAKEDA and Nobutaka TAKEDA, father and son, to commit suicide at the Battle of Tenmokuzan before the arrival of the main force of the Nobunaga army.
- その後も在隊し、甲州勝沼の戦いを通して会津にへ向かい、同年八月二十一日の母成峠の戦いで敗走。
- Having remained in Shinsengumi after that, he headed for Aizu (western part of Fukushima Prefecture) following the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma, and was routed at the Battle of Bonari-toge Pass of October 6, 1868.
- 何らかの理由で切腹したが未遂に終わり、その後平隊士に降格されたという点は多くの話で共通する。
- Many stories say that he attempted to commit seppuku for some reason but failed, and was then demoted to the lowest rank in the group.
- また、信長はこの合戦の直前、参陣しない細川幽斎や筒井順慶などへ鉄砲隊を供出するよう命じている。
- Just before this battle, Nobunaga moreover ordered Yusai HOSOKAWA and Junkei TSUTSUI who did not take part in the battle to provide teppo units for the battle.
- しかしながら、急遽米倉へ駆けつけた三好少将率いる第二旅団に阻まれ、貴島以下決死隊は一掃された。
- However, the 2nd brigade led by Major General MIYOSHI, which rushed to Yonekura, prevented the attack and wiped out the Kesshi-tai troop including Kijima.
- 連れ戻しに来た軍隊に対して抵抗したときには、叛の上道と同じ扱いで、主犯・従犯ともに斬となった。
- If they resisted the army which came to take them back, they were treated the same as offenders of accomplished disobedience and both the main offender and accomplices were decapitated.
- 隊を奥保鞏少佐率いる突囲隊、小川大尉率いる侵襲隊、及び予備隊の3つに分け、4月8日に出撃した。
- On April 8, the garrison was divided into three groups of the Totsui-tai troop led by Major Yasukata OKU, the Shinshu-tai troop led by Captain OGAWA, and Reserve, and sortied.
- 陸軍省のもとで屯田兵の所管組織は屯田兵本部、屯田兵司令部と改称し、一般の部隊の編制に近づいた。
- Under the Ministry of Army the presiding organizations of tondenhei were renamed Tondenhei Headquarters, Tondenhei Command Center and became more similar to the formation of general military units.
- この際(665年もしくは671年の両説有り)に、2000名の唐の軍隊が倭国に進駐したとされる。
- On this occasion (there are two competing theories suggesting 665 and 671 as the time of occurrence), it is said that the 2000 strong army of the Tang Dynasty advanced to Wakoku.
- また池辺率いる熊本隊(約1500名)も矢筈岳・鬼岳に展開し、出水・水俣へ進軍する動きを見せた。
- The Kumamoto-tai troop led by IKEBE (about 1,500 strong) was deployed in Mt. Yahazu and Mt. Oni, and showed a sign of advancing to Izumi and Minamata.
- 3月25日、西郷は久光を奉じ、薩摩の精鋭700名(城下1番小隊から6番小隊)を率いて上京した。
- On March 25, obeying orders from Hisamitsu, Saigo went to Kyoto with seven hundred the picked soldiers (from the first to 6th Joka command groups).
- 次いで長州と四国連合艦隊の講和条約が結ばれ、幕府と四国代表との間にも賠償約定調印が交わされた。
- After that, Choshu and the four countries' combined fleet concluded a peace treaty, and the government and a representative of Shikoku signed an indemnity contract.
- 新選組は京を離れて江戸へ撤退し、帰還後は「甲陽鎮撫隊」として、甲斐国で官軍と戦うがまたも大敗。
- The Shinsengumi once left Kyoto to withdraw to Edo (present Tokyo) and although it returned again to Kyoto as 'Koyo Chinbutai' (a military unit formed specially for the campaign in Kai Province) to fight against the Imperial army, it suffered a crushing loss again.
- 1864年10月、旧知である藤堂平助の隊士募集の求めに応じ、伊東や篠原泰之進らと共に上洛する。
- In October 1864, he went to Kyoto with Ito, Tainoshin SHINOHARA and others, in response to the request of his old acquaintance Heisuke TODO to join the group.
- 最終的にフランス軍事顧問団による教育が行われることになり、1866年に伝習隊の編成が行われた。
- The bakufu rikugun was eventually educated by the French military advisory group, and in 1866, Denshutai was organized.
- ただ、当時としては最大規模の鉄砲隊の投入、また騎馬隊を防ぐための馬防柵が活躍したのは事実である。
- Yet the fact remains that the then largest teppo units were deployed and the stockade was instrumental in warding off Takeda's cavalry.
- 備前側では、家老日置が藩兵隊に射撃中止・撤退を命令、お互いに死者も無く負傷者もほとんど無かった。
- HEKI, Karo of Bizen, ordered the troops to stop firing and withdraw, so that no one died and very few people were injured in both sides.
- 職務は、戦時においては旗本部隊の一番先手として各種足軽組等を付属した上で備の騎馬隊として働いた。
- In wartime, as the vanguard of a hatamoto troop, oban with various ashigaru-gumi (the teams of the lowest-rank samurai) served as cavalry for defense against an attack by the enemy.
- およそ考えられるかぎりのあらゆる制約条項を,いったい生身の兵隊が守れるとでも思ったのであろうか。
- Did they think on earth that natural soldiers could follow every clause of restriction imaginable?
- 2月21日の夜半から22日の早暁にかけて薩軍の大隊は順次熊本に向けて発し、熊本城を包囲強襲した。
- From midnight of February 21 to dawn of 22, the battalions of the Satsuma army successively started toward Kumamoto, and pressed a siege vigorously against Kumamoto Castle.
- 長嶺地区の貴島は抜刀隊を率いて勇進し、別働第五旅団の左翼を突破して熊本城へ突入する勢いを見せた。
- Kijima in the Nagamine area pushed forward Batto-tai troop so bravely that they were likely to break through the left flank of the detached 5th brigade and invade Kumamoto Castle.
- 高杉らは西洋式兵制を採用した奇兵隊の創設をはじめとする軍制改革に着手、大村にその指導を要請する。
- Takasugi undertook military reforms such as the creation of the Kiheitai (irregular militia) and adopting a Western-style military, asking Omura to train them.
- 漢城攻略後は小西行長の一番隊や黒田長政の三番隊と共に北上し臨津江の戦いで金命元等の朝鮮軍を破る。
- After the capture of Hanseong, he went on northward with the first squad of Yukinaga KONISHI and the third squad of Nagamasa KURODA, defeating the Korean troops of Kim Myeong-won in the Battle of Imjin River.
- しかし、この武功に対して、各隊士たちが報酬を受けているにも関わらず、山崎の名前が書かれていない。
- Although other members of Shinsengumi were given rewards for this achievement, Yamazaki's name was not on the list.
- 6月23日に一度琉球へ帰還し、再び艦隊の一部を残したまま、7月2日に3隻を率いて日本へ出航した。
- On June 23, Perry returned to Naha, leaving yet another part of his squadron behind before setting sail for Japan on July 2, leading 3 ships.
- しかし、酒井奇襲隊の猛追を受けたために、長篠城の西岸・有海村においても高坂昌澄が討ち取られている。
- However, fiercely pursued by the Sakai commando, Masazumi KOSAKA and others were killed in Ariake-mura Village west of Nagashino-jo Castle.
- ペリー艦隊には蒸気船が含まれており、しばしば黒船は蒸気船のことだと考えられるが、帆船も黒船である。
- Because Perry's squadron included a steamship, many associate the term 'black ships' with steamships, but it also refers to the sail ships.
- 自衛隊の事務は、防衛庁(後に防衛省)が掌理し、防衛庁長官(後に防衛大臣)には国務大臣があてられた。
- The administration of the Japan Self-Defense Forces was managed by the Defense Agency (later Ministry of Defense) and of the Chief Defense Agency (later Secretary of State for Defense) was managed by the Minister of State.
- 1869年(明治2年)から1807年にかけて、隊士の一部が脱退騒動を起こして山口県庁舎を包囲した。
- From 1869 through 1807 a part of officers caused a trouble trying to withdraw from Kiheitai Army besieging government building of Yamaguchi Prefecture.
- 明治22年(1889年)2月に、明治26年(1893年)までに20中隊を増設する計画が発表された。
- The program of increasing 20 troops by 1893 was announced in February, 1889.
- 7月17日、辺見は奇兵隊を率いてきた別府九郎と本営の伝令使としてやってきた河野主一郎らと合流した。
- On July 17, Henmi joined Kuro BEPPU, who came leading Kiheitai, and Shuichiro KONO, who came from the headquarters as a messenger.
- 左右翼隊の健闘でさしもの薩軍も遂に重富から撃退され、次いで磯付近で包囲攻撃を受け、北方に敗走した。
- Though having resisted strongly, the Satsuma army was driven away from Shigetomi by the troops in both right and left flanks that fought bravely, and then was besieged near the beach and routed towards the north.
- 常山隊は必死に防戦したが、弾薬がつきたために内山田に退き、翌日29日に大村に築塁し、守備を固めた。
- The Jozan-tai troop desperately defended itself against the attack, but on May 29, retreated to Uchiyamada due to lack of ammunition and built a fort in Omura, reinforcing the defensive ability.
- 一方、尾八重を守っていた干城隊二番中隊は岩野村を守備し、5月22日、前面の官軍を襲撃し敗走させた。
- On the other hand, the 2nd company of the Kanjo-tai troop, which had guarded Ohae, guarded Iwano Village, and on May 22, the company raided and defeated the government army in front of it.
- その後は東軍に属して関ヶ原の戦いでも前衛の部隊として参戦、徳川幕藩体制に組み込まれ、幕末を迎えた。
- Subsequently, those members of the Amago Remnant Corps fought in the Battle of Sekigahara as the advance guard of the Eastern forces, and were incorporated under the domain system deployed by the Tokugawa shogunate; their descendants maintained this status through to the final days of the Tokugawa shogunate.
- 慶応4年(1868年)正月の鳥羽伏見の戦いから始まる戊辰戦争では、赤報隊を経て薩摩軍に属して戦う。
- In the Boshin War, which began with the Battle of Toba and Fushimi in January 1868, he fought battles along with the Sekihotai Army and then the Satsuma army.
- 結果として浅井軍の側面に隙ができ、そこを織田軍別働隊の西美濃三人衆に突かれ浅井軍も崩れて敗走した。
- As a result the Azai army's flank became vulnerable, and the Three of West Mino, a detached force, attacked this weak point with the consequence that the Azai army also fled.
- また、日本海海戦で、先任参謀として丁字戦法を考案、バルチック艦隊を撃滅した秋山真之は実弟にあたる。
- And Saneyuki AKIYAMA who invented the Crossing the T tactic and wiped out the Baltic Fleet while he was serving as the senior staff officer in Nihonkai Kaisen (Naval battle of Japan sea) was Yoshifuru's younger brother.
- 神奈川奉行所からは、窪田鎮章や古屋佐久左衛門のように後に幕府陸軍の歩兵隊士官となった者も多かった。
- A number of officers of Kanagawa Magistrate's office including Shigeaki KUBOTA or Sakuzaemon Furuya later became officers of bakufu rikugun infantry.
- さらに籠城していた奥平軍を加えた酒井奇襲隊は追撃の手を緩めず、有海村駐留中の武田支軍までも掃討した。
- Reinforced by Okudaira's army that had taken refuge in the castle, Sakai's commando continued to assail the enemy and defeated Takeda's troops stationed in Ariake-mura Village.
- 大毅(だいき) - 少毅(しょうき) - 校尉(こうい) - 旅帥 - 隊正 - 火長 - (伍長)
- Daiki - Shoki - Koi - Ryosui - Taisei - Kacho - (Gocho)
- こうした武力蜂起は日本警察や軍隊により悉く鎮圧され蜂起に参加した者の多くは逮捕、もしくは殺害された。
- The armed uprisings were all suppressed by the Japanese police or army, and many participants in these uprisings were arrested or killed.
- 日本国憲法の実際的な解釈と自衛隊法第7条により、内閣総理大臣が最高指揮監督権を持つと規定されている。
- According to the practical interpretation of the Constitution of Japan and the Law of Japan Self-Defense Forces Article 7, it is prescribed that the Prime Minister holds the rights of the supreme command and director.
- 26日夜、決死隊は高取藩の斥候に遭遇、これに斬りかかるが、味方の誤射により吉村が重傷を負ってしまう。
- In the night of October 8, the death squad came across a scout of Takatori Domain and tried to cut this scout by sword; however YOSHIMURA was shot by accident by a member of his squad and seriously injured.
- 訳:大名、近習(将軍の側近の武士)、物頭(常備兵の隊長)は、幕府の許可無く勝手に結婚してはならない。
- Translation: Daimyo, kinju (samurai who were close advisers to the shogun) and Monogashira are not allowed to marry without the permission of the bakufu.
- 同時に累積戦死傷率314%を記録し、全米軍部隊中、最も損害を受けた部隊としても記憶されることとなる。
- At the same time, the squad had a casualty rate of 314 percent, making it the squad that suffered the most injuries in the U.S. Army.
- 6月18日、官軍の山野への進撃に対し、雷撃隊を率いる辺見は砲弾の雨の中、必死に官軍をくい止めていた。
- On June 18, under a rain of shells, HENMI, who led the Raigeki-tai troop, was making desperate efforts to stop the advancement of the government army to Yamano.
- あさくらゆう 新選組水戸派読本~新選組を創った男・新選組読本~隊士外伝(いずれも玉造町観光協会発行)
- By Yu ASAKURA, Shinsengumi Mito-ha Dokuhon - Shinsengumi o Tsukutta Otoko/Shinsengumi Dokuhon - Taishi Gaiden (all published by Tamatsukuri Sightseeing Association).
- 明治維新による幕府瓦解において義兄の熊二は彰義隊を支援するなど抵抗し、田口家は横浜へ逃れ商売を行う。
- Resisting brother-in-law Kumaji's support of the Shogitai (former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government) following the collapse of the shogunate and beginning of the Meiji Restoration, the Takguchi family escaped to Yokohama and started a business.
- 鳥羽・伏見の戦いでは、薩摩藩の中村半次郎の指揮下に入って新選組と戦い、後に東征軍の先鋒隊に合流する。
- In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he fought against Shinsengumi under the command of Hanjiro NAKAMURA of the Satsuma clan, and then joined the spearhead convoy of the expeditionary force to the east.
- 周防大島沖に停泊する幕府艦隊を夜襲してこれを退け、林半七率いる第二奇兵隊等と連絡して周防大島を奪還。
- He attacked at night and defeated a shogunate fleet moored in the sea near Suo-oshima Island, and recaptured the island in cooperation with other corps, such as the second Kiheitai unit led by Hanshichi HAYASHI.
- (この暗殺者には諸説あり、当時斎藤らは御陵衛士に加わっており、暗殺したのは別の隊士の可能性もある)。
- (There are various theories about the assassin. At that time, Saito belonged to Goryo-eji [guards of Imperial mausoleums], so the assassin might have been another member.)
- 余剰人員のうち優秀な者が親衛隊的な性格の奥詰銃隊や遊撃隊(奥詰の後身)などとして陸軍へと編入された。
- Among redundant soldiers, excellent members were transferred to rikugun as soldiers of okuzume musket unit, which was a kind of bodyguard organization, or as soldiers of Yugekitai (command unit who backs up okuzume).
- 武田軍が大敗した理由としては、通説では武田の騎馬隊は柵の前に攻撃力を発揮できなかったことがあげられる。
- A standard explanation for the crushing defeat of Takeda's cavalry is that the stockade prevented it from exercising its ability to attack.
- 4日より各隊は竹束・塹壕・築山などの仕寄の構築を行いつつ大坂城に10町から5・6町まで接近していった。
- From 4th on, each troop, building siyori such as taketaba (bamboo shields against firearms)/trenches/miniature hills and so on, approached up to 10 to 5.6 cho (1 cho = about 109 meters) to Osaka-jo Castle.
- しかし、言葉が通じず、強引に隊列を横切ろうとする水兵に対し、滝が槍で突きかかり軽傷を負わせてしまった。
- However, as the sailors could not understand his words and muscled to cross the array, TAKI slightly injured them by tilting with the spear.
- 嘉永6年(1853年)6月、アメリカは再び東インド艦隊司令長官に任命されたマシュー・ペリーを派遣する。
- In June 1853, the United States of America dispatched Matthew (Calbraith) PERRY who was assigned as an East India fleet admiral.
- 軍隊駐留権を認めさせたことは、暴動の再発防止の他に、宗主権を主張する清に対する牽制の意味合いもあった。
- The imposition of the presence of Japanese troops on Yi Dynasty Korea was not only to prevent the next rebellion but also to warn against Qing that was asserting their suzerainty.
- 武田別働隊は、上杉軍のしんがりを務めていた甘糟隊を蹴散らし、昼前(午前12時頃)には八幡原に到着した。
- Takeda's separate troops routed Amakasu's troops, which brought up the rear of Uesugi's forces, and reached Hachimanbara before the noon (around 12 AM).
- 第七師団は、他の師団と異なり、各連隊に約1個小隊の乗馬歩兵を配属し、伝令などに当たらせる編成をとった。
- The Seventh Division, unlike other divisions, arranged in each regiment about one platoon of dragoons to act as messengers.
- 翌15日、60年ぶりといわれる大雪の中、薩軍の一番大隊が鹿児島から熊本方面へ先発した(西南の役開始)。
- On February 15, in the heavy snowfall first in 60 years, the 1st battalion of the Satsuma army started from Kagoshima toward Kumamoto first (beginning of the Seinan no eki.)
- 薩軍は襲山の桂坂・妻屋坂を守備すべく、干城隊七番中隊などを向かわせ、その他の諸隊に築塁の準備をさせた。
- To defend Katsurazaka and Tsumayazaka in Shuzan, the Satsuma army dispatched troops including the 7th company of the Kanjo-tai troop to there and made other troops prepare for building forts.
- しかしながら、官軍の守りは堅く、加治木隊指揮長越山休蔵が重傷を受けたため、攻撃を中止し通山へ退却した。
- However, because the defense of the government army was strong and Kyuzo KOSHIYAMA, Commander of Kajiki-tai, was seriously injured, the troops stopped the attack and retreated to Tooriyama.
- しかし、末吉方面が危急の状態に陥ったので、この夜、村田新八は各隊に引き揚げて末吉に赴くように指示した。
- However, since the Satsuma army was facing a crisis in the Sueyoshi area, Shinpachi MUTATA, in the night, commanded each troop to withdraw from its place and advance to Sueyoshi.
- 山田少将が指揮する別働第2旅団の主力部隊は5月30日、五家荘道・照岳道などから人吉に向かって進撃した。
- On May 30, the main troop of the detached 2nd brigade led by Major General YAMADA started advancing towards Hitoyoshi along several roads including the Gokanosho-do Road and along the Shogaku-do Road.
- 平教盛(清盛の弟)の別動隊が内裏に迫るや内応者が門を開けて引き入れ、内裏は平家方に占拠されてしまった。
- Other troops of TAIRA no Norimori (a younger brother of Kiyomori) approached the dairi, and was drawn inside through the gate opened by a mole; the dairi was occupied by Taira's army.
- 『新選組遺聞』によれば「芹沢鴨などと違い、隊内の者にも、壬生界隈の人たちにも評判が良かった」とされる。
- According to 'Shinsengumi Ibun (exceptional matters),' he had a good reputation among troops and in the Mibu area, unlike Kamo SERIZAWA.
- 嘉永6年(1853年)、アメリカ合衆国のマシュー・ペリー艦隊来航に伴う江戸湾(東京湾)防備に活躍した。
- In 1853, he took an active part in the defense of Edo Bay (Tokyo Bay) against Matthew PERRY's fleet from the United States of America.
- 同年8月、大田市之進、品川弥二郎らと御楯隊を創設し、軍監となって下関戦争で奮戦するも長州藩は敗北した。
- In September of the same year, he formed the Mitate party with Ichinoshin ODA and Yajiro SHINAGAWA, fighting hard in the Shimonoseki War as Assitant Deputy General, however, the Choshu Domain was defeated.
- 慶応3年(1867年)藩論が倒幕に統一され、鳥羽伏見の戦いにおいても洋式軍隊を率い官軍方として参戦した。
- In 1867 after the opinion of people in the domain was integrated into that of overthrowing the bakufu, Takayoshi KUKI took the side of Imperial army commanding western style army at the Battle of Toba and Fushimi.
- 日本と朝鮮は済物浦条約を結び、日本軍による日本公使館の警備を約束し、日本は朝鮮に軍隊を置くことになった。
- Japan concluded the Jemulpo Treaty with Korea, and Korea promised in it to let the Japanese military guard the Japanese legation, leading to the stationing of Japanese troops in Korea.
- 25日、中山忠光率いる本隊が高取町に向かい、吉村寅太郎は別働隊を率いて御所方面に進出して郡山藩に備えた。
- On October 7, Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA led the main force and headed for Takatori-cho, while Torataro YOSHIMURA led a detached force and went into the Imperial Palace area to prepare for the fight with Koriyama Domain.
- 国際的には、事実上、防衛庁長官(防衛大臣)は軍部大臣、自衛隊は軍隊、自衛官は武官と目されるようになった。
- Internationally, the Chief Defense Agency (Minister of Defense) was recognized as a Military Minister and the Japan Self-Defense Forces were recognized as a military, and a Self-Defense Official was recognized as a military officer.
- また、『軍鑑』によれば武田家中ではこの2将以外にも小幡信貞、浅利信種の2名が自部隊を赤備えとしたという。
- Also, according to 'Koyo Gunkan,' two others such as Nobusada OBATA and Nobutane ASARI other than the two busho formed Akazonae for their own troops.
- 熊本鎮台からの攻撃を予想していなかった薩軍は、相次いで大隊が川尻に到着した21日夜、川尻で軍議を開いた。
- In the night of February 21 when all the battalions had successively arrived at Kawajiri, the Satsuma army, having been unexpectedly attacked by Kumamoto Garrison, held a council of war.
- 薩軍では、4月28日の江代の軍議の後、中島健彦を振武隊など11個中隊の指揮長として鹿児島方面に派遣した。
- After the military meeting held in Eshiro on April 28, the Satsuma army sent eleven companies including the Shinbu-tai troop with Takehiko NAKAJIMA as Commander to the Kagoshima area.
- 大野本営にいた淵辺は干城隊番三・四・八番中隊に命令して久木野の官軍を襲撃させ、退却させることに成功した。
- FUCHIBE at the headquarters in Ono commanded the 3rd, 4th, and 8th companies of the Kanjo-tai troop to raid the government army in Kukino and succeeded in driving it away.
- 大坂夏の陣の際に、5月7日船場口で伊達勢の前方に展開していた神保相茂隊が明石全登隊の奇襲を受けて全滅した
- On May 7 during Osaka Natsu no Jin (the Summer Siege of Osaka), the party of Sukeshige JINBO deployed at Senbaguchi in front of other Date troops, was completely defeated by the surprise attack made by the party of Takenori AKASHI.
- 屯所警備に重んじていたか、もしくは当時隊内に病人が多かったらしいことから、尾形もその一人とも考えられる。
- He could have been busy guarding Shinsengumi's headquarters or could have been sick as there was recordedly a lot of sickness in Shinsengumi at that time.
- 後に奇兵隊ら諸隊も加わり、元治2年(1865年)3月には俗論派の首魁椋梨藤太らを排斥して藩の実権を握る。
- Other corps later joined as well, including Kiheitai, and in March 1865 they ousted the leader of the moderate faction, Tota MUKUNASHI, and seized power in the clan.
- 8月には、イギリス、フランス、アメリカ、オランダの4カ国連合艦隊が下関を砲撃、砲台が占拠されるに至った。
- In September, a combined fleet of warships from four nations — England, France, the United States of America and the Netherlands — attacked Shimonoseki and occupied the gun battery there.
- また、艦隊に対し、「皇国の興廃この一戦にあり。各員一層奮励努力せよ」とZ旗を掲げて全軍の士気を鼓舞した。
- Also, to inspire morale to the entire fleet Togo said, 'the Empire's fate depends on this battle. Let every man do his utmost duty,' and ordered the hoisting of the Z flag.
- 天正3年(1575年)5月の長篠の戦いでは前田利家、野々村正成、福富秀勝、塙直政とともに鉄砲隊を率いた。
- In the Battle of Nagashino in May 1575, he led firearms troops with Toshiie MAEDA, Masanari NONOMURA, Hidekatsu FUKUTOMI, Naomasa BAN.
- また、奇兵隊士の一部は農民一揆にも参加しており、明治時代初期に多発した士族反乱にも影響を与えたと言われる。
- It is also said that a part of the members of Kiheitai Army had participated in peasants-uprisings which would have influence on Shizoku no hanran (revolt by family or person with samurai ancestors) that often occurred in the early Meiji era.
- 材木村は田ノ浦から人吉に通じる要路であったため鵬翼隊四・六番中隊は材木村に見張りを置き、大野口を守備した。
- Because Zaimoku Village was located at a strategic place along the road from Tanoura to Hitoyoshi, the 4th and 6th companies of the Hoyoku-tai troop placed watchmen there, and the troop guarded Onoguchi.
- この時に薩軍が本営の木山(益城町)を囲む形で肥後平野の北から南に部署した諸隊は以下のような配置をしていた。
- On this occasion, the troops stationed from north to south of Hirano in Higo Province surrounding Kiyama (in Mashiki Town), where the headquarters were placed, was deployed as below:
- 薩軍は浜町で大隊を中隊に編制し直し、隊名を一新したのち、椎葉越えして、新たな根拠地と定めた人吉へ移動した。
- Satsu-gun was reorganized from a battalion to a company, and once the name of the company was renewed, they went over Shiba and moved to Hitoyoshi, which they established as the new base.
- 天正5年(1577年)の紀伊国雑賀討伐戦では信長本陣から離れ、佐久間信盛、羽柴秀吉らとともに一隊を率いる。
- During attacking on the Saiga-shu (the gun troop) in Kii Province in 1577, he led a troop with Nobumori SAKUMA and Hideyoshi HASHIBA away from headquarters of Nobunaga.
- 流山で局長近藤勇が捕縛された後、残った隊士たちは会津藩、福島市、仙台市へと転戦し、そして蝦夷地へ到着する。
- After the detention of Isami KONDO, Head of Shinsengumi, the remnants fought the battles in the Aizu Domain as well as in present Fukushima City and Sendai City, and finally they reached Ezo (present Hokkaido).
- また、同年10月に坂本龍馬が暗殺された際には、犯人捜しや海援隊 (浪士結社)・陸援隊との連絡等に奔走した。
- In addition, when Ryoma SAKAMOTO was assassinated in October of the same year, he exerted himself in searching for assassins and communicating with Kaientai (association of masterless samurai organized by Ryoma), a trading company, and Rikuentai (the anti-shogunate army of masterless samurai organized by Shintaro NAKAOKA).
- 12月15日夜半、伊藤博文(伊藤博文)率いる力士隊、石川小五郎率いる遊撃隊ら長州藩諸隊を率いて功山寺挙兵。
- On the night of January 12, at Kozan-ji Temple, Takasugi raised an army made up of various corps of the Choshu clan, including the Rikishitai led by Hirobumi ITO and the Yugekitai led by Kojiro ISHIKAWA.
- やはり日本の戦国時代における騎馬隊は全員騎乗で戦う遊牧民族や近代兵科の騎兵とは異なるものと考える必要がある。
- It is therefore necessary to distinguish the Japanese cavalry in the Sengoku period from the nomadic or the modern military cavalry in which all fight on horseback.
- 奇兵隊は身分制度にとらわれない武士階級と農民や町民が混合された構成であるが、袖印による階級区別はされていた。
- Although Kiheitai Army had a mixed personnel organization which consisted of samurais who were free from the class system, peasants and citizens from any social rank, they were hierarchically distinguished by the emblem on sleeves.
- 2月7日払暁、先駆けせんと欲して義経の部隊から抜け出したのは熊谷直実・熊谷直家父子と平山季重らの5騎である。
- On March 27, at dawn, five cavalrymen sneaked out from among the Yoshitsune troops and attempted to be the first to engage, among whch were Naozane KUMAGAI and Naoie KUMAGAI, father and son, and Sueshige HIRAYAMA.
- 政虎に出し抜かれ、もぬけの空の妻女山に攻め込んだ高坂昌信・馬場信春率いる武田軍の別働隊は、八幡原に急行した。
- Having been outwitted by Masatora and invaded empty Saijo-san Mountain, the separate troops of Takeda's forces led by Masanobu KOSAKA and Nobuharu BABA rushed to Hachimanbara.
- 7月12日、蓬原・井俣村の奇兵隊は大崎に進撃したが、荒佐野の官軍はこの動きを察知し、大崎にて両軍が激突した。
- On July 12, Kihei-tai in Futsuhara and Imata Village advanced to Osaki, but the government army detected the movement and violently fought with Kihei-tai in Osaki.
- このとき淵辺が本営より干城隊八番中隊左半隊を応援に寄越したので、官軍を挟み撃ち攻撃で翻弄し、塁を取り戻した。
- With the left half of the 8th company of the Kanjo-tai troop sent by FUCHIBE from the headquarters, the Satsuma army routed the government army by a pincer attack and regained the fort.
- 慶応4年(1868年)1月3日 (旧暦) 鳥羽・伏見の戦いでは、永倉新八らと決死隊を組織し敵陣に斬り込んだ。
- In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi on January 27, 1868, he organized the Kesshi-tai (suicide corps) with Shinpachi NAGAKURA and others, and cut their way into the enemy position.
- 信長は義景と対峙していたため、本隊を武田軍に向けることができず、織田・徳川軍は次々と武田軍に諸城を奪われた。
- Since Nobunaga was confronting with Yoshikage, he couldn't dispatch the main force toward the Takeda army, and castles of the Oda and Tokugawa allied forces were captured one after another by the Takeda army.
- ちなみに新選組隊士個人を弔う祭りを開催しているのは近藤勇・土方歳三・沖田総司・斎藤一に次いで、5人目である。
- Incidentally, the festival to mourn an individual member of Shinsengumi was only fconducted for the five members of sami KONDO, Toshizo HIJIKATA, Soji OKITA, Hajime SAITO, and Keisuke SANNAN.
- 隊士が増え手狭になったこともあるが、西本願寺は勤王の色濃く、長州藩毛利家と関係が親密な寺であったためである。
- The reason was not only because Mibu was too cramped as the members grew in number, but also because West Hongan-ji Temple had strong loyalty to the Emperor and had close relationship with the Mori family of Choshu Domain.
- これにより、軍隊がないために武官も軍部大臣も存在せず、仮に武官がいたとしても国務大臣には就けないこととなった。
- Because there was no military, there was no military officer nor Military Minister; even if a military officer existed, he could not gain a position as a Minister of State.
- それに加え、当時朝鮮では財政難で軍隊への、当時は米で支払われていた給料(俸給米)の支給が13ヶ月も遅れていた。
- In addition to the above, Korea was financially troubled at the time and the armed forces had not received their salaries (which were paid in rice) for thirteen months.
- 知藩事は従来の藩主に認められていた世襲がそのまま認められ、独自の軍隊・司法組織などを持つことが認められていた。
- The position of the Chihanji was allowed to be inherited as it was traditionally for the domain lords and they were also allowed to have their own military and judicial systems.
- 7月24日には第三次日韓協約を結んで内政権を掌握し、直後の8月1日には大韓帝国の軍隊を解散させるにまで至った。
- On July 24th, they concluded the third Japan-Korea Treaty to grasp domestic administration authority, and disbanded the army of the Korean Empire on August 1st immediately after that.
- 別働第二旅団は8月4日、鬼神野本道坪屋付近に迂回して間道を通り、渡川を守備していた宮崎新募隊の背後を攻撃した。
- On August 4, the detached 2nd brigade detoured to the vicinity of Tsuboya along the main road of Kijino, advanced through a by-pass and attacked the rear of the Miyazaki-Shinbo-tai troop (the troop of the soldiers recruited newly in Miyazaki) that had guarded the Watari-gawa River.
- 侵襲隊が安巳橋を急襲し、戦っている間に突囲隊は前進し、水前寺・中牟田・健軍・隈庄を経て宇土の衝背軍と連絡した。
- While the Shinshu-tai troop was storming the Yasumi-bashi Bridge, the Totsui-tai troop advanced through Suizenji, Nakamuta, Kengun, Kumanosho to Uto where it made contact with Shohaigun.
- 久木野・山野を手に入れた辺見は5月9日、自ら隊を率いて官軍に激しい攻撃を加えて撃退し、肥薩境を越えて追撃した。
- On May 9, having seized Kukino and Yamano, HENMI led the troops by himself, fiercely attacked and defeated the government army, chasing it across the border between Higo and Satsuma Provinces.
- 永倉新八と島田が京都でいつ再会したかは不明だが、文久3年(1863年)5月には新選組に入隊していたと思われる。
- Although it is uncertain when Shinpachi NAGAKURA and Kai SHIMADA met again in Kyoto, Kai SHIMADA seems to have already joined the Shinsengumi by June 1863.
- 唯一、美濃の侠客水野弥太郎の元を訪れて博徒中心の、民兵300名を軍隊風に指揮指導していたらしいとの記録がある。
- The only existing record is that he visited Yataro MIZUNO, a kyokaku in Mino and commanded 300 militiamen who were mainly bakuto (itinerant gamblers).
- この際、指揮下の藤原口部隊は城の南西部が割り当てられたが、実際に部隊が攻城戦に参戦したのは9月14日であった。
- On this occasion, he was in charge of the southeastern part of the castle around the Fujiwara gate, but his troops joined the actual battle for attacking the castle on September 14.
- 次いで江戸にのぼり、西郷と勝海舟との会談を護衛し、上野の彰義隊との戦いにも西郷指揮のもと黒門口攻撃に参戦した。
- After that, he went to Edo and acted as a guard for the meeting between Saigo and Kaishu KATSU and, in the battle against Shogitai army (the Brigade of Righteousness) in Ueno, he took part in the attack on the Kuromon gate under the command of Saigo.
- 隊内での立場を失った武田は、脱退を図って伊東甲子太郎に接近したり、倒幕派である薩摩藩との接触も企てるなどした。
- Takeda, who had lost his position in the group, approached Kashitaro ITO with the intention to leave the group, and also attempted to contact the anti-Bakufu Satsuma clan.
- 大坂の役にて徳川家康本陣が真田信繁隊の突進を受けた際に、旗奉行に不首尾があり、このことを家康は厳しく詮議した。
- When the headquarters of army of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was attacked by the squad of Nobushige SANADA in the Siege of Osaka, the Hata Bugyo ended in failure, which was strictly questioned by Ieyasu.
- シベリア鉄道の極東地区起工式典に出席するため、ニコライは艦隊を率いてウラジオストクに向かう途中、日本を訪問した。
- To attend the groundbreaking ceremony of the Trans-Siberian Railroad for Far Eastern countries, Nicholas and his Russian fleet made a visit to Japan on the way to Vladivostok.
- さらに遅れて真田信繁、毛利勝永ら12,000の兵が到着し、真田隊が伊達政宗隊の先鋒片倉重長隊の進軍を押し止めた。
- Still later, 12,000 soldiers including Nobushige SANADA, Katsunaga MORI and others arrived, and Sanada troop prevented Shigenaga KATAKURA troop, the spearhead of Masamune DATE troop from advancing.
- そして表門には大石内蔵助(槍)、原元辰(槍)、間瀬正明(半弓)という参謀格の3士が陣取り、表門隊の指揮をとった。
- Three members of Counselor rank, Kuranosuke OISHI (spear), Mototoki HARA (spear) and Masaaki MASE (small-sized bow) took up positions at the front gate and commanded the party.
- この諸隊の編制や訓練には高杉らが学んだ松下村塾の塾主・吉田松陰の『西洋歩兵論』などの影響があると指摘されている。
- It was pointed out that the organization and the training of those Choshu Domain's troops was influenced by 'The Theory of Western Foot Soldiers' written by Shoin YOSHIDA who was the school manager of the Shokason Juku TAKASUGI studied at.
- 武田の赤備えを支えた山県隊の旧臣達も直政に付けられ、これにあやかって直政も自分の部隊を赤備えとして編成している。
- The old retainers of Sankentai (the troop of Sanken) which had supported Takeda's Akazonae were also allotted to Naomasa, so he organized his own troop as Akazonae taking advantage of the benefit.
- 4月5日、第三旅団(三浦梧楼少将)は鳥巣に攻撃をしかけ、薩軍の平野隊と神宮司隊が守備している真ん中に攻め入った。
- On April 5, the 3rd brigade (Major General Goro MIURA) attacked Torisu and invaded the center of the position defended by the Hirano-tai troop and the Jinguji-tai troop of the Satsuma army.
- 西南戦争が勃発した明治10年(1877年)2月、屯田事務局は黒田開拓長官の命令で、屯田兵小隊を函館港に派遣した。
- In February, 1877 when the Seinan War broke out, the Tondenhei Bureau sent a tondenhei platoon to the Hakodate port by orders of KURODA Reclamation General.
- また、両軍ともに濃霧の中で行軍していて、本隊同士が期せずして遭遇して合戦になったという「予期せぬ遭遇説」もある。
- Yet another theory, 'unexpected encounter theory' states as follows: while both forces were marching in a dense fog condition, the main troops of both sides encountered unexpectedly, developing into a battle.
- 官軍は大口へ迫り、人吉を占領した別働第二旅団は飯野・加久藤・吉田越地区進出のため、大畑の薩軍本隊に攻撃を加えた。
- The government army closed in on Oguchi, and the detached 2nd brigade, which had seized Hitoyoshi, attacked the main force of the Satsuma army in Ohata to advance to the Iino, Kakuto and Yoshidagoe areas.
- 5月14日、高城率いる正義隊など6個中隊は延岡街道鏡山の熊本鎮台警備隊を襲撃し、追撃して馬見原、川口に進出した。
- On May 14, six companies including Seigi-tai led by Takagi and others assailed the guard of Kumamoto Garrison in Mt. Kagami along the Nobeoka-kaido Road, and advanced to Mamihara and Kawaguchi, chasing the guard.
- 大崎に屯集しているとの情報を得た先発の奇兵隊は7月11日、官軍を奇襲したが、二番隊長が戦死するほどの苦戦をした。
- Having received the information that the government army gathered and stationed in Osaki, the earlier dispatched Kihei-tai launched a surprise attack on the government army but fought so tough a fight that the commander of the 2nd company was killed in the fighting.
- 5月6日、官軍が材木村の鵬翼隊四番中隊を攻めたので、薩軍はこれを迎え撃ち、一旦は佐敷に退却させることに成功した。
- On May 6, the government army attacked the 4th company of the Hoyoku-tai troop, and the Satsuma army counterattacked it and succeeded in driving off the government army to Sashiki once.
- 武将を一度に失った藤堂隊は、指揮命令系統も潰れてもはや統制も利かず敗走寸前に陥ったが、井伊直孝の隊が駆けつけた。
- Having lost many commanders all at once, the chain of command of the troops of Todo was crushed and they were almost put to rout, but the troops of Naotaka II rushed to the scene.
- 近藤勇の道場 試衛館以来の(と、新撰組顛末記に記載されている)いわゆる生え抜き隊士で、新選組結成当時からの同志。
- As a so-called natural-born soldier from Isami KONDO's dojo, the Shieikan, he was a member of the Shinsengumi from its inception.
- 2月20日、先発した別府晋介の部隊が川尻に着し、熊本鎮台偵察隊と衝突し、西南戦争(西南の役)の実戦が開始された。
- On February 20, the advance force of Shinsuke BEPPU arrived in Kawajiri and encountered the scouts of the Kumamoto garrison, when the actual fight of the Seinan War began.
- On February 20, the troops led by Shinsuke BEPPU, who left first, arrived at Kawajiri and encountered the reconnaissance troops of Kumamoto Chindai Army, which was the onset of the actual fighting of the Seinan War (Satsuma Rebellion).
- 実際、東郷の実兄である小倉壮九郎は、薩軍三番大隊九番小隊長として西南戦争に従軍し、城山攻防戦の際に自決している。
- Togo's elder brother Sokuro OGURA actually served in the Satsuma Rebellion as commanding officer of the third battalion ninth platoon, and committed suicide after the Battle of Shiroyama.
- しかし嘉永7年(1854年)、再び来航したペリーの艦隊に門弟の吉田松陰が密航を企て、失敗するという事件が起こる。
- When Perry's squadron arrived again in 1854, his disciple Shoin YOSHIDA attempted to stow away and failed.
- 過去に織田軍も雑賀鉄砲隊との戦いで、雑賀軍が狙撃主を秘匿するために行った囮の空砲の速射で大混乱に陥ったことがある。
- In the battle with the Saiga teppo units, the Oda army was also thrown into a chaos by blanks rapidly fired by the enemy to hide their snipers.
- 北部の熊田には小倉処平・佐藤三二が指揮する5個中隊を配備して熊本鎮台兵に備え、予備隊として使用するつもりであった。
- In Kumata in the northern part, five companies led by Shohei OGURA and Sanji SATO were deployed as a reserve troop to fight against the soldiers of Kumamoto Garrison.
- 翌1865年(元治2年)には幕府によって再び長州征伐(第二次幕長戦争、四境戦争)が行われ、奇兵隊ほか諸隊も戦った。
- The following year, 1865, Bakufu made the Choshu Conquest (the second Baku-cho war, Shikyo War) again with Kiheitai and other troops.
- 第3旅団が7月10日、敷根・清水の両方面から永迫に進撃し、行進隊十二番中隊を攻撃したので、行進隊は通山へ退却した。
- On July 10, the third brigade advanced to Nagasako from the two areas of Shikine and Shimizu and attacked the 12th company of Kodo-tai, making it retreat to Tooriyama.
- 中島は振武隊を率いてこれを防ぎ、善戦したが、すでに都城入りしていた別働第三旅団により退路を阻まれて大打撃を受けた。
- Shinbutai led by NAKAJIMA defended the attack and fought a good fight but was seriously damaged since its retreat was cut off by the detached 3rd brigade that had been in Miyakonojo.
- 官軍との戦闘は5月9日に始まったが、5月15日には、破竹隊の赤塚源太郎以下1個中隊が官軍に下るという事件が起きた。
- On May 9, battles with the government army started, and on May 15, the incident occurred in which a company of the Hachiku-tai troop, including Gentaro AKAZUKA, surrendered to the government army.
- それも砂糖を大量に入れ糸を引くほどの甘さであったため、周りの隊士は誰も、この「島田汁粉」を食べられなかったという。
- It is said that other members of the Shinsengumi could not eat this 'Shimada shiruko (shiruko cooked by SHIMADA) ', because the Shimada shiruko was so sweet as to form sticky threads due to the large quantity of sugar he put in.
- 近藤が流山市で新政府軍に投降したあと、江戸に残った土方歳三らといったん別れ、隊士たちの一部を率いて会津へ向かった。
- After KONDO surrendered to the new government army in Nagareyama City, he separated from Toshizo HIJIKATA and other members who remained in Edo, and departed for Aizu, leading a number of officers.
- 政宗は、神保隊が明石隊によって総崩れになったため、これに自軍が巻き込まれるのを防ぐため仕方なく処分したと主張した。
- Masamune insisted that he had no choice but to finish up the Jinbo party himself, in order not to let his own troops dragged into the debacle of the Jinbo party upon the attack of the Akashi party.
- 新選組の羽織を作るために大坂の平野屋五兵衛から金子を借りた時に、隊長として近藤、芹沢と同格で「親見錦」と署名した。
- When he borrowed money from Gohe HIRANOYA in Osaka to make Shinsengumi's haori (Japanese half-coat), he signed his name as 親見錦 (Shinmi SHINMI) as a leader in apposition with Kondo and Sesizawa.
- 天正18年(1590年):北条征伐において豊臣秀次隊の先鋒を務め、ほぼ単独で松田康長の守る山中城の主要部分を攻略。
- 1590: He lead the van of the troop of Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI in an expedition against Hojo and captured almost unassisted the main part of the Yamanaka-jo Castle defended by Yasunaga MATSUDA.
- 尚、会津三代の正福寺に松本喜次郎の墓と共に「尾形」という姓の新選組隊士の墓があったという伝承があるが定かではない。
- Incidentally, a story has been handed down that there had been a grave of a Shinsengumi member named 'Ogata' together with a grave of Kijiro MATSUMOTO in Shofuku-ji Temple in Miyo of Aizu, which is not certain.
- 桐野は自ら三箇小隊を率いて山鹿に向かい、政府軍を挟撃して高瀬を占領しようとしたが、互いに勝敗あって戦線が膠着した。
- Kirino led three platoons toward Yamaga and tried to conduct a pincer operation against the government forces and occupy Takase, but the front got stuck with both parties having wins and defeats.
- 「武田が隊中美男五人衆のひとり・馬越三郎を追い掛け回した結果、馬越が土方に除隊を申し出た」という話が伝わっている。
- A story says, 'Takeda chased Saburo MAGOSHI, one of the five men of beauty in the group. As a result, Magoshi offered his resignation to Hijikata.'
- 後に真田隊の猛攻を恐れ、家康を残して逃走した旗本衆の行動を詮議したという「大久保忠教覚書」(三河物語)も残っている。
- There remains 'Tadataka OKUBO Oboegaki (memoradom)' (Mikawa Monogatari [Tales from Mikawa]', a record of later-year investigations on hatamoto units that ran away, leaving Ieyasu, out of fear of fierce attacks by the Sanada troop.
- 官軍が高瀬川の線に陣を構築するのを見た岩切らは高瀬川の橋梁から攻撃を仕掛け、熊本隊は渡河して迫間・岩崎原を攻撃した。
- At the sight of the government army pitching a camp along the Takase-gawa River, the IWAKIRI's troop fired down upon them from the bridge over the river, while the Kumamoto-tai troop crossed the river and attacked Hazama and Iwasakihara.
- 江代軍議で決められたのは、人吉に病院や弾薬製作所を設けること、各方面に諸隊を配置することなどで、逐次実行に移された。
- In the military meeting in Eshiro, they decided on plans including to build a hospital and a factory to make ammunition in Hitoyoshi and to deploy troops in respective areas, which were carried out in succession.
- さらに5月9日、鵬翼隊二・五番中隊、干城隊四番中隊、その他諸隊は佐敷方面湯ノ浦の官軍を攻めたが失敗し大野に退却した。
- Furthermore, on May 9, the Satsuma army including the 2nd and 5th companies of the Hoyoku-tai troop, the 4th company of the Kanjo-tai troop, and other troops attacked the government army at Yunoura in the Sashiki area, but failed to win and retreated to Ono.
- 5月22日、淵辺は佐敷口の湯ノ浦に進撃することを決め、干城隊三・四番中隊、鵬翼隊六番中隊、その他2隊に進軍を命じた。
- On May 22, FUCHIBE decided to attack Yunoura in Sashikiguchi, and commanded the 3rd and 4th companies of the Kanjo-tai troop, the 6th company of the Hoyoku-tai troop, and other two troops to march.
- そのうち、一隊は徳川秀忠を総大将として宇都宮から中山道を、家康は残りの軍勢を率いて東海道から上方に向かうこととなる。
- Of them, a troop led by Hidetada TOKUGAWA took the Nakasen-do road from Utsunomiya, while the other forces led by Ieyasu progressed towards Osaka and Kyoto along the Tokai-do road.
- 元々家康の使い番として仕えていたが、1566年、忠勝が旗本先手役に任命されると同時に与力として本多隊に組み込まれる。
- He originally served as tsukaiban (a person responsible for order and patrol on the battlefield) for Ieyasu, and in 1566 was integrated into the Honda troop as a yoriki at the same time Tadakatsu was appointed as Hatamoto sakiteyaku.
- なお岩城升屋事件においては、その発生時期を文久3年7月頃とする説や、駆けつけた隊士が山南1人であったとする説もある。
- In addition, on the Iwaki Masuya Incident, one theory said that the incident occurred around August 1863 and another theory said that only Sannan rushed to the scene.
- 谷 周平(たに しゅうへい、嘉永元年(1848年)5月20日- 明治34年(1901年)12月2日)は、新選組隊士。
- Shuhei TANI (May 20, 1948 - December 2, 1901) was a member of Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late Tokugawa shogunate period).
- しかし小早川秀秋らの裏切りで大谷吉継隊が壊滅すると、続いて小早川隊に襲われて小西軍は壊滅し、行長は伊吹山中に逃れた。
- Destruction of Yoshitsugu OTANI troops caused by the betrayal of Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA was, however, followed by the destruction of the Konishi army due to the attack from the Kobayakawa troops, and then Yukinaga escaped into Mt. Ibuki.
- 赤備え(あかぞなえ)は戦国時代 (日本)の軍団編成の一種で、具足、旗差物などのあらゆる武具を朱塗りにした部隊編成の事。
- Akazonae (red arms) is a kind of military organization in the Sengoku period (Japan), which is a troop formation of which all arms including armor and flag were colored red.
- 軍事氏族としての大伴氏と物部氏の違いは、あえて言えば、親衛隊的な大伴氏と、国軍的な物部氏と見ればわかりやすいであろう。
- The difference between these two military clans, the Otomo and the Mononobe, can be likened to bodyguards versus the national army, respectively.
- 3月26日、植木方面で銃声を聞くが征討軍が現れないので、後方攪乱部隊を3隊に分け、京町口・井芹村・本妙寺に出撃させた。
- On March 26, the reconnaissance party heard gunfire echoes from the Ueki area but could not find the punitive army, then, it divided the rear guard harassing company into three units and send them out to Kyomachiguchi, Iseri Village, and Honmyo-ji Temple, respectively.
- 始めは人数不足で不利な状況だった薩軍であったが、そのうち伊東隊による応援もあり、どうにか官軍を敗退させることができた。
- Although the Satsuma army was disadvantageous with insufficient soldiers in the beginning, it was reinforced by the Ito-tai troop after a while and managed to drive off the government army.
- 劉仁軌、杜爽及び元百済太子の扶余隆が率いる170余隻の水軍は、熊津江に沿って下り、陸上部隊と会合して倭国軍を挟撃した。
- Ryujinki, Toso and the former Kudara Prince Fuyo Ryu led approximately 170 boats of sea warriors down the Ungjin River and merged with the land forces to attack the Wakoku military from both flanks.
- 翌25日、第四旅団は下田街道を南下し、坂元・催馬楽・桂山から別府隊・振武隊十番中隊の背後を攻撃し、吉野へ追い落とした。
- On the next day, May 25, the 4th brigade advanced towards the south along the Shimoda-kaido Road, attacked the Beppu-tai troop and the 10th company of the Shinbu-tai troop on the rear from Sakamoto, Saibara, and Katsurayama, and drove them away to Yoshino.
- あまりにも悪行を働くので帝の命により摂津源氏の源頼光と嵯峨源氏の渡辺綱を筆頭とする頼光四天王により討伐隊が結成された。
- Because of his extreme wickedness, the Emperor ordered the formation of a punitive force composed of the Four Loyal Retainers of Yorimitsu, led by MINAMOTO no Yorimitsu of the Settsu-Genji and WATANABE no Tsuna of the Saga-Genji.
- 慶応2年(1866年)に元服して従士見習いとなるが、12月に幕府の軍制改革で従士組が廃止され、新設の銃隊に配属される。
- In 1866 he underwent his coming of age ceremony and began his jushi (junior samurai) training, but in January 1867 the jushi system was abolished through military reforms of the shoganate and he was assigned to the rifle corps.
- 東征大総督府下参謀・西郷隆盛が東海道先鋒隊を率いて先発東上した際、城下一番小隊隊長に抜擢されて静岡・小田原を占領した。
- When Takamori SAIGO, the junior staff officer of the government general (the anti-shogunate army), departed toward the east leading the Tokaido vanguard, he was selected for the chief of the first platoon in the castle town (joka ichiban shotai) and occupied Shizuoka and Odawara.
- 戊辰戦争(明治元年、1868年)では、城下一番小隊に属して伏見の戦いで御香宮に戦い、功を以て小隊の小頭見習いを務めた。
- In the Boshin War (1868), he belonged to the first platoon in the castle town (joka ichiban shotai) and fought in the battle of Fushimi at the headquarters set up in Gokonomiya Shrine, and due to distinguished services he was appointed to assistant chief (kogashira minarai) of the platoon.
- 6月には廻船問屋の白石正一郎邸において身分に因らない志願兵による奇兵隊を結成し、阿弥陀寺(赤間神宮の隣)を本拠とする。
- In July, at the residence of Shoichiro SHIRAISHI who was a wholesaler in the port, Takasugi formed the Kiheitai militia, consisting of voluntary soldiers of any social rank, with its headquarters at Amida-ji Temple (next to Akama-jingu Shrine).
- だが鉄砲隊をある程度集中した部隊として機能させていれば、1度の射撃で部隊単位の戦力を大きく消耗させる事は不可能ではない。
- It would not have been impossible for single firing to do considerable damage to an army if the teppo units had been deployed reasonably intensively.
- 神風連の乱から3日後の10月27日、今村を隊長とする「秋月党」が挙兵、まず明元寺で警察官を殺害(日本初の警察官の殉職)。
- On October 27, three days after the Shimpuren-no-ran War, the 'Akizuki-to' party led by Imamura raised the army and started by killing a police officer in Myogen-ji temple (the first death of police officers on duty in Japan).
- その後彼等は奇兵隊に組み入れられる事となったが、これを機に長州藩は差別撤廃政策を敷くという抜本的政策を断行したのである。
- They were incorporated into the member of Kiheitai Army later on which was the cause of abolition of discrimination that was the drastic policy Choshu Domain put into force.
- 奇兵隊などの諸隊は1863年(文久3年)の下関戦争の後に藩に起用された高杉晋作らの発案によって組織された戦闘部隊である。
- Those several Choshu Domain's troops including Kiheitai Army were organized by the proposer Shinsaku TAKASUGI who was chosen to be one of the retainer of Choshu Domain after Shimonoseki War in 1863.
- 呉市では、海軍陸戦隊が出動し、民衆と対峙するなか、銃剣で刺されたことによる死者が少なくとも2名でたことが報告されている。
- It was reported that at least 2 people were killed by a bayonet in Kure City while Naval Landing Forces were called out and facing the people,
- なお、小山田信茂については戦力や当時の情勢から判断して別動隊に参加していたと推測されているが、史料上確認ができていない。
- It is guessed, based on the power of the forces and the situation at that time, that Nobushige OYAMADA participated in the separate troops, but the fact has not been confirmed by any historical document.
- また、5月9日、一ノ瀬の鵬翼隊三番中隊は官軍の襲来に苦戦しつつも材木村まで到達し、材木村の薩軍と共に塁の奪還に成功した。
- On May 9, the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop at Ichinose reached Zaimoku Village through a bitter fight against a raid by the government army, and succeeded in regaining the fort in cooperation with the Satsuma army in Zaimoku Village.
- 午後3時には猛烈な火力を集中して薩軍の先陣を突破して後陣に迫ったが、中島が指揮する薩軍の逆襲で左翼部隊が総崩れとなった。
- At 3 o'clock in the afternoon, the government army concentrated their firepower to break through the vanguard of the Satsuma army, closing in on the rear guard, but had its left flank fought back and routed by the Satsuma army led by Nakajima.
- 朝鮮出兵時に政宗が伊達家の部隊にあつらえさせた戦装束は非常に絢爛豪華なもので、上洛の道中において盛んに巷間の噂となった。
- The armored costumes, which Masamune prepared for the troops of the Date clan were extremely gorgeous and splendid that their costume gave people a lot to talk about on the way to Kyoto.
- 天正18年(1590年)の小田原攻めには六番隊として参陣し、左備えの大将となった堀秀政の指揮の元で鉄砲隊を供出し戦った。
- During the Battle of Odawara in 1590, he sent a firearm troop to the battle and also fought as a member of the sixth troop under the command of Hidemasa HORI who was General of the Left Army.
- この時の秀忠隊は信濃の外様大名と、上杉・中山道に対処する部隊としての慣例により隣接地に封地を持つ譜代大名で構成していた。
- The Hidetada's troops at that time consisted of Tozama daimyo in Shinano Province and Fudai daimyo (hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) who had their territory along the Uesugi Nakasendo Road, according to a custom of troops which went through the road.
- 羽柴軍の武将・森長可とその義父・池田恒興が岡崎城を奇襲すべく、豊臣秀次(羽柴秀次)を総大将とする別動隊を率いて出陣した。
- To make Nagayoshi MORI, a military commander of the Hashiba's forces, and Tsuneoki IKEDA, his father-in-law, raid Okazaki-jo Castle, a military troop separate from the main body, with Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI (Hidetsugu HASHIBA) as the supreme commander, started moving.
- 4月27日、一日遅れで桐野利秋が江代に着くと、翌28日に軍議が開かれ、各隊の部署を定め、日を追って順次、各地に配備した。
- Toshiaki KIRINO arrived in Eshiro on April 27, the day after them, then the next day, on the 28th, an army meeting was held to set the department for each company, and arranged them at each place, day by day.
- 山田は山口藩諸隊からを中心に約百名を選出し、9月5日からは京都に設けられた河東操練所において下士官候補の訓練を開始した。
- Yamada chose about 100 people from all over Yamaguchi Domain and, from October 9, started training them as non-commissioned officers at Kawahigashi Training Center in Kyoto.
- 「会津 新選組隊長 近藤勇」「勤勉 努力 活動 発展」と墨書されているが、一説には、周平が落書きしたものとする説がある。
- The words written with a brush are '会津 新選組隊長 近藤勇' (Aizu Shinsengumi Commander Isami KONDO) and '勤勉 努力 活動 発展' (diligence, effort, activity and development), which, according to one view, was written by Shuhei.
- 東郷の遺髪はイギリス海軍のホレーショ・ネルソンの遺髪と共に海上自衛隊幹部候補生学校(江田島基地)に厳重に保管されている。
- The hair of Togo together with the hair of Vice Admiral Horatio Lord NELSON of the British Navy is strictly guarded at JMSDF Officer Candidate School (Etajima base).
- また、シャルル・シャノワーヌ大尉らフランス軍事顧問団による直接指導も導入され、その訓練を受ける伝習隊が新規に編成された。
- Direct training by French military advisors including senior lieutenant Charles Chanoine was introduced, and Denshutai (Edo shogunate's army) was newly organized to be instructed by them.
- 特に1853年、浦賀沖に来航したアメリカ合衆国のマシュー・ペリー率いるアメリカ海軍艦隊の事を指す(黒船来航を参照のこと)。
- The term is mostly associated with the fleet of United States Navy ships, led by Matthew PERRY, that arrived off the coast of Uraga in 1853.
- 10月2日、平野と北垣は沢とともに三田尻を出立して船を用意し、河上弥市(元奇兵隊総管)ら尊攘浪士を加えた37人が出港した。
- On October 2, Hirano, Kitagaki and Sawa left Mitajiri and prepared a boat, thirty-seven roshi including Yaichi KAWAKAMI (former administrator of the Kiheitai Army,) who revered the emperor, set sail.
- 次いで、南下してきた野津鎮雄少将(兄)の兵が右翼隊の右側面を衝いたので、猛将桐野の率いる右翼隊も堪らず、江田方面に退いた。
- Subsequently, the soldiers of Major General Shizuo NOZU (older brother), who had arrived from north, assaulted on the right side of the right flank so that even the right flank led by brave KIRINO could not withstand it and retreated toward Eda.
- なお「列士満」(レジマン)と言うのは、フランス語で連隊を意味する 'régiment' をそのまま当て字にしたものである。
- For your information, rejiman ('列士満' (レジマン)) means 'Regiment' in French, and Japanese phonetic-equivalent characters were used.
- 政虎は、猛将・柿崎景家を先鋒に、車懸りの陣(車輪のスポークのように部隊を配置し、次々攻撃する陣形)で武田軍に襲いかかった。
- With Kageie KAKIZAKI, a bold military commander, as the spearhead, Masatora's forces attacked Takeda's forces in the battle formation of 'Kuruma-gakarino-jin' (in which soldiers were placed in the formation like spokes of a wheel, and made attacks successively).
- 予定よりかなり遅れはしたが、武田軍の本隊は上杉軍の攻撃になお耐えており、別働隊の到着によって上杉軍は挟撃される形となった。
- Although the arrival was considerably later than planned, the main troops of Takeda's forces had still held out against attacks by Uesugi's forces, and with the separate troops arriving, Uesugi's forces became to be attacked from both sides.
- 4月20日黎明、第1・第2・第3旅団は連繋して大津街道に進撃したが、野村の諸隊は奮戦してこれを防ぎ、そのまま日没に及んだ。
- At the dawn of April 20, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd brigades advanced to the Otsu Highway in cooperation, but the troops led by Nomura fought back the advancement successfully until the sunset.
- 樫井の戦いで先方の塙団右衛門が浅野軍に破れ、本隊が到着したときには浅野勢は紀州に撤退済みだったのでなすすべもなく帰城する。
- However, Danemon BAN, the spearhead, was defeated by the troops of Asano in the battle of Kashii and, when the main unit arrived, the troops of Asano had already retreated to Kii Province and the main unit returned to the castle having nothing more to do.
- この時、井伊隊に属していた兵の全員が井伊氏の象徴とも言える井伊の赤備えの兜や鎧を始めとする全ての装備品を脱ぎ捨てたという。
- It is said that when that happened all Ii's troops took off every piece of equipment, including helmets and armour, that displayed Ii's Akazonae (red arms), the symbol of the Ii clan.
- 15日、薩軍の一番大隊が鹿児島から先発し(西南戦争開始)、17日、西郷も鹿児島を出発し、加治木・人吉を経て熊本へ向かった。
- The first battalion left from Kagoshima first (the start of the Seinan War) on the 15th, and Saigo left from Kagoshima via Kajiki and Hitoyoshi to Kumamoto on the 17th.
- 7月24日に村田指揮部隊が都城で大敗し、7月25日に始まった宮崎の戦いが31日に敗れると、桐野は西郷を追って高鍋に赴いた。
- On July 24, troops commanded by Murata was bitterly defeated in Miyakonojo and after the battle of Miyazaki which began on July 25 ended on 31 in their defeat, Kirino moved to Takanabe following Saigo.
- このため、織田軍の鉄砲隊が大活躍し、逆に武田軍は霧のために戦況を正しく把握することができず損害をいっそう拡大させたとされる。
- Thus Oda's teppo units were active while the Takeda army incurred more casualties because they could not assess the situation of the battle due to the fog.
- 大和では大海人皇子が去ったあと、近江朝が倭京(飛鳥の古い都)に兵を集めていたが大伴吹負が挙兵してその部隊の指揮権を奪取した。
- In Yamato, after Prince Oama left, the Omi Court gathered troops in Wakyo (old city of Asuka) but OTOMO no Fukei took up arms and gained control of the army.
- また、諸隊に命じて毎夜三度(酉・戌・寅の刻)、鬨の声を挙げて鉄砲を放たせ、敵の不眠を誘っている(この鬨の声は京まで届いた)。
- Moreover, Ieyasu ordered troops to give a battle cry and shoot teppo (guns) three times every night at torino koku (about 17:00 -19:00)/ino koku (about 19:00 - 21:00)/torano koku (about 3:00-5:00) in order to prevent the enemies from sleeping (the battle cries reached as far as Kyoto).
- 豊臣方は大野治房の一隊に暗峠を越えさせて、4月26日 (旧暦)に筒井定慶の守る郡山城 (大和国)を落とし、付近の村々に放火。
- The Toyotomi side made a troop of Harufusa ONO pass Kuragari Toge (mountain pass), capture Koriyama Castle in Yamato Province on April 26 (the old calendar), which Jokei TSUTSUI defended, and set fire to neighboring villages.
- 官軍は捜索隊の報告と各地からの急報で初めて薩軍の大挙来襲を知り、各地に増援隊を派遣するとともに三好旅団長自ら迫間に進出した。
- As soon as the government army learned that the Satsuma army were storming in full strength by a report from the reconnaissance party and urgent messages from the respective troops, it dispatched the reinforcements to the troops, while having the Brigadier MIYOSHI advance for Sakoma in person.
- 長囲軍が減少した薩軍は、桐野が熊本隊の建策を入れて、3月26日、石塘堰止を実行し、坪井川・井芹川の水を城の周囲に引き込んだ。
- On March 26, in the Satsuma army with the reduced besieging army, KIRINO adopted an advice from the Kumamoto-tai troop and dammed up the Tsuboi-gawa River and Iseri-gawa River with stony embankments to flow the land surrounding the castle.
- 一方、武田軍の支隊が安曇郡の信越国境近くの小谷城(おたりじょう、長野県北安曇郡小谷村)を落とし、別方面から長尾軍を牽制する。
- On the other hand, a branch troop of Takeda's forces took Otari-jo Castle (located in Otari Village, Kita-Azumi County, Nagano Prefecture) in Azumi County, located near to the border between Shinano Province and Echigo Province, indirectly holding the movements of Nagao's forces in check from another direction.
- 市村 鉄之助(いちむら てつのすけ、安政元年(1854年) - 明治6年(1873年)?)は、美濃国大垣藩出身の新選組隊士。
- Tetsunosuke ICHIMURA (1854 - 1873?) born in the Ogaki Domain of Mino Province was a member of the Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late Tokugawa shogunate period).
- また秋山支隊からロシア帝国軍の後方攪乱のために派遣された永沼挺身隊の活躍は、小説『敵中横断三百里』によって有名となっている。
- Furthermore, an acive role taken by the Naganuma Teishintai (National Defense Volunteer Party) which was sent from the Akiyama Unit to attack the Russian Empire Force from behind became a famous story decribed in 'Tekichu Odan Sanbyakuri.'
- 階級社会の軍隊で、それも一段低い扱いを受ける衛生部の鴎外の主張がとおった背景の一つに、山県有朋の存在があったと考えられている
- It is thought that one of the reasons why Ogai's insistence was effective even though he belonged to the hygiene department (an inferior department under the strict class society of the Army), was that he was backed by Aritomo YAMAGATA.
- 錬度を上げることに熱心で聯合艦隊解散之辞に「百発百中の一砲能(よ)く百発一中の敵砲百門に対抗し得る」という言葉を残している。
- Togo was so enthusiastic about raising the level of firing proficiency that he left the words at the dismissal ceremony of the Combined Fleet, saying, 'One cannon hitting marks one hundred times out of one hundred makes it possible to take countermeasures against enemies' one hundred cannons hitting one time out of one hundred.'
- 西郷に対し「わしは世界の海援隊をやります」と語り、その様子を同席していた陸奥宗光がことあるごとに回想して語ったとされている。
- Allegedly, Ryoma told Saigo, 'I will manage Kaientai, looking toward the world.' Munemitsu MUTSU who shared the table with them, also allegedly remembered this scene and spoke about it in every opportunity.
- 北関東の戦い:大鳥圭介率いる脱走部隊(伝習隊など)が、小山・宇都宮城、今市、藤原など各地で新政府軍と戦う(宇都宮城の戦い)。
- The battles of Kita Kanto (Northern Kanto): the escaping troops (Denshutai etc.) led by Keisuke OTORI fought against the New government army in various places such as Utsunomiya Castle in Oyama, Imaichi, Fujiwara (the Battle of Utsunomiya Castle).
- 勝頼本隊を別にして、戦死した馬場隊・内藤隊・山県隊・真田兄弟隊・土屋隊や、撤退した穴山隊、武田信廉隊、武田信豊隊と分けてみる。
- Now, putting aside Katsuyori's main body, let us divide the forces into nine units of which five (the armies of Baba, Naito, Yamagata, Sanada brothers and Tsuchiya) were killed and four (the armies of Anayama, Nobukado TAKEDA and Nobutoyo TAKEDA) retreated.
- しかしながら、踊街道から官軍が進出しているとの情報を受け、正義隊四番・雷撃隊十三番・干城隊一番隊・雷撃隊八番隊がこれを防いだ。
- However, having got information that the government army was coming along the Odori-kaido Road, the 4th company of the Seigi-tai troop, the 13th company of the Raigeki-tai troop, the 1st company of the Kajnjo-tai troop, and the 8th company of the Raigeki-tai troop defended the invasion of the government army.
- 7月13日、人吉が陥落した後、干城隊指揮長阿多荘五郎は米良口の指揮を執ることとなり、諸隊を編成して米良方面の守りを固めていた。
- On July 13, after Hitoyoshi was seized, Sogoro ATA, Commander of the Kanjo-tai troop, was ordered to take command of Meraguchi, and reinforced defense in the Mera area by organizing the troops.
- 近藤の度重なる女性関係の浪費に、隊費管理の責任者として難色や苦言を呈したために、排除対象人物とされ、粛清に進展した、という説。
- Because he showed his reluctance or gave Kondo critical comments against Kondo's lavish expenditure for his women as the person responsible for to control expenses of the group, which led to Kawai's being purged.
- 子母澤寛の『新選組始末記』によっても新見は遊蕩に耽って隊務を怠り、隊費と称して民家から強請り(ねだり)を繰り返していたという。
- Also according to 'Shinsen-gumi Shimatsuki' written by Kan SHIMOZAWA, Niimie gave himself over to a life of debauchery and neglected his duties and repeatedly extorted money from citizens in the name of corps' expense.
- しかし、翌1866年1月に、兵賦については金納をもって替え、その資金で幕府が直接に雇用する形態となった(幕府歩兵隊の傭兵化)。
- However, in January 1866, the system of heifu was abolished and hatamoto paid cash instead of heifu, and bakufu directly hired soldiers with the cash (the bakufu infantry became a mercenary).
- また鳶ヶ巣山に酒井忠次の別働隊3000が迂回した事を武田軍は察知しており、川中島の合戦の逆説的な再来を狙ったという説などもある。
- Still others have suggested that he intended to reverse his strategy at the Battle of Kawanakajima as he was aware that Tadatsugu SAKAI's detachment force of 3,000 men made a detour to Mt. Tobigasu.
- しかしながら、友軍の川尻突入を見て、機逸すべからずと考え、兵を分けて、自ら撰抜隊を率いて熊本城目指して突入し、遂に城下に達した。
- At the sight of the troops on his side charging into Kawajiri, YAMAKAWA made a snap decision that he must not miss the opportunity, divided his soldiers and led the pick of the troops by himself and rushed towards Kumamoto Castle, and entered the castle town.
- これを見送りに行った桂久武は貧弱な輜重への心配と西郷への友義から急遽従軍し、西郷軍の大小荷駄本部長(輜重隊の総責任者)となった。
- Hisatake KATSURA went to see SAIGO off, but immediately decided to join the army because he felt anxious about the poor military goods they transported and because of his chivalrous spirit toward his comrade SAIGO, and became director-general of laborers transporting large and small provisions of Saigo's army (chief executive of transport corps.)
- 別働第3旅団の部隊は翌24日には催馬楽に至り、次々に薩軍の堡塁を落として、夕方には悉く鹿児島に入り、鹿児島周辺の薩軍を撃退した。
- On the next day, June 24, the troops of the detached 3rd brigade reached Saibara and seized the forts of the Satsuma army one after another; in the evening, all of the troops entered Kagoshima and defeated the Satsuma army around there.
- 4月、平間は芹沢、近藤らとともに大阪市へ下り、商家から押し借りをして、その金で揃いの浅黄色のダンダラ模様の隊服をあつらえている。
- In April, HIRAMA went to Osaka city with SERIZAWA and KONDO, robbed a merchant house and used the money to order pale yellow striped uniforms.
- 真田隊や毛利隊がどれだけ家康自身に迫ったのかは諸説あり、そのため後世の錦絵や再現イラスト、歴史漫画では様々な想像図が描かれている。
- There are several theories on how closely the Sanada troop and the Mori troop chased after Ieyasu himself, and a variety of drawings on imagination were made on nishikie (colored woodblock prints), illustrated reenactment, and historical manga (comic books) in later ages.
- 那須信吾は中山忠光を逃すべく決死隊を編成して敵陣に突入して討ち死に、藤本鉄石も討ち死にし、負傷して失明していた松本奎堂は自刃した。
- Shingo NASU organized a death squad in order to make Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA flee, entered into an enemy camp and died in battle; Tesseki FUJIMOTO was also killed in battle; Keido MATSUMOTO who had lost eye sight from an injury committed suicide.
- 官軍の八代上陸の報を得た薩軍は、熊本長囲軍の一部を割き、三番大隊指揮長永山弥一郎率いる5箇中隊・都城隊・二番砲隊を八代に派遣した。
- In response to the report of disembarkation of the government army at Yatsushiro, the Satsuma army dispatched five companies led by Commander of the 3rd battalion Yaichiro NAGAYAMA, Miyakonojo troop, and the 2nd battery from the besieging army at Kumamoto Castle.
- 7月21日薩軍は再び高原を攻撃するため官軍を攻撃するが、官軍の強固な守備と援隊の投入により、高原奪還は果たせず、庄内へと退却した。
- On July 21, aiming at attacking Takahara again, the Satsuma army attacked the government army but was unable to recapture Takahara and retreated to Shonai because the defense of the government army was strong and it was further reinforced.
- しかし、義弘の軍を追撃している際に義弘の軍の鉄砲隊が撃った銃弾が右肘関節(記述によっては右肩または左腕)に命中し、落馬してしまう。
- However, whilst in pursuit of Yoshihiro's army, he was shot in the right elbow (right shoulder or left arm depending on the source document) by Yoshihiro's musket troops, and fell from his horse.
- 土佐藩軍艦府は、警備の藩兵に取締を命じ、帰艦を諭示させたが、言葉が通じず、混雑もあって、水兵側は土佐の隊旗を倒伏、逃亡しようとした。
- The Gunkan-fu (warship section) of the Tosa Domain ordered Tosa security retainers to police the sailors and urge them to return to their ship; confused as a result of the language barrier and the congestion in the area, however, the French sailors tried to escape from the security retainers, knocking over a flag of the Tosa security group in the process.
- だが、住民からは旧幕府軍に対する反感が増し、新政府側のゲリラ組織「遊軍隊」に参加したり、新政府軍に内通する者も出てくる始末であった。
- However, residents' antipathy to the Old Bakufu was increasing, and some of them joined the 'Yuguntai', a guerrilla standing on the new government side, or worked as spies for the new government army.
- 10日午前8時頃、川中島を包む深い霧が晴れた時、いるはずのない上杉軍が眼前に布陣しているのを見て、信玄率いる武田軍本隊は愕然とした。
- Around 8 AM on October 17, when dense fog in and around Kawanakajima cleared, the main troops of Takeda's forces was astonished seeing Uesugi's forces that should not have been there were in battle formation just in front of them
- 盛親が攻撃の手を緩めなかったため、藤堂隊はほぼ壊滅状態になり、高虎の甥の藤堂高刑などが戦死し、高虎も逃げ回らざるを得ない有様だった。
- As Morichika did not ease attack, the Todo troops were almost annihilated and Takanori TODO, who was Takatora's nephew, etc. were killed in the battle and Takatora also was forced to run from place to place.
- しかし、琵琶湖を渡って船で上陸した丹羽長秀が増援として現れ、日没頃より砦から退去を桑山隊と合流し攻勢に出た為に賤ヶ岳砦の確保に失敗。
- However, Nagahide NIWA, which arrived by ship across Lake Biwa with reinforcements, took the offensive by joining the Kuwayama army that was vacating the fort around sunset, and Morimasa failed to capture the fort of Shizugatake.
- 明治4年(1871年)、廃藩置県に備えて西郷隆盛が兵を率いて上京したとき、大隊を率いて随い、御親兵に編入され、陸軍大佐に任じられた。
- In 1871, when the army under the command of Takamori SAIGO went up to Tokyo to prepare against contingencies after the enforcement of the abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures (haihan chiken), he followed him leading his battalion, and when his battalion was incorporated into the imperial convoy, he was appointed colonel.
- 隊では甲州流軍学をふるい隊士の訓練を行っていたが、その巧みな弁舌で幹部連中に媚びへつらう姿に嫌悪感を示す隊士も少なくなかったという。
- He trained the group members in the Koshu-ryu military science at the squad, where many members were said to be disgusted with him for flattering the executive members with his eloquent tongue.
- だが、実質的には騎馬武者に率いられたその従者(武家奉公人)及び徴集された農兵による歩兵部隊であった(これは当時の一般的な軍制である)。
- The cavalry was in fact the infantry comprised of mounted warriors and their attendants (buke hokonin or servants of a samurai family) as well as conscripted peasant soldiers (which was a common military organization of the time).
- 上海で巡洋艦「サスケハナ」に旗艦を移したペリー艦隊は5月17日に出航し、5月26日に琉球王国(薩摩藩影響下にある)の那覇沖に停泊した。
- In Shanghai, Perry made the Susquehanna his flagship before embarking on May 17 and anchored off the coast of the Ryukyu Kingdom at Naha, which was under the influence of the Satsuma Domain on May 26.
- 奇兵隊は6月1日に臼杵を占領したが、6月7日の野津道貫大佐の指揮する4個大隊の攻撃と軍艦3隻による艦砲射撃により6月10日に敗退した。
- Kiheitai seized Usuki on June 1, but was attacked on June 7 by four battalions led by Colonel Michitsura NOZU and bombarded from three warships, and was defeated on June 10.
- 薩軍本隊は大畑などで大口方面の雷撃隊と組んで戦線を構築し、官軍のさらなる南下を防ごうとしたが失敗し、堀切峠を越えて、飯野へと退却した。
- The main force of the Satsuma army tried to build the battlefronts in Ohata and other places in cooperation with the Raigeki-tai troop in the Oguchi area to prevent the government army from further advancing southward, but failed and retreated to Iino over the Horikiri-toge Pass.
- だが、天王山にいた羽柴秀長、黒田官兵衛隊が中山・高山両隊を援護するために交戦することとなり、お互い攻防を続けたが激戦のすえに討死した。
- However, the forces led by Hidenaga HASHIBA and Kanbei KURODA came to back up Nakayama and Takayama forces, and they fought severely and after offenses and defenses Masachika was killed.
- 大村は軍制改革の中心を担い、1869年6月には政府の兵制会議で大久保らと旧征討軍の処理と中央軍隊の建設方法について論争を展開している。
- Omura was responsible for military reform and at a military meeting in July 1869, he clashed with Okubo and others over the treatment of the defeated armies and the establishment of a centralized military.
- 2月、義経は暴風の中を僅か5艘150騎で出港して電撃的に屋島を落として、景時の本隊140余艘が到着した時には平氏は逃げてしまっていた。
- In March, Yoshitsune left with only 5 ships and 150 horse soldiers during a storm and electrifyingly invaded Yashima; so by the time Kagetoki's main troop of more than 140 ships reached there, the Taira clan had already gone.
- 慶応2年(1866年)、第二次長州征伐では藩海軍総督の高杉晋作から丙寅丸の砲隊長に任命され、同年6月、周防大島沖で幕府軍艦を奇襲攻撃。
- In 1866, he was appointed as a head of the cannon party of Yang Fire Tiger Maru by Shinsaku TAKASUGI, governor of the Domain navy, in Second conquest of Choshu, making a surprise attack on the warship of Bakufu in June of the same year.
- 村国男依らに率いられて直進した大海人皇子側の部隊は7月7日 (旧暦)(8月8日)に息長の横河で戦端を開き、以後連戦連勝して進撃を続けた。
- Prince Oama's army led by MURAKUNI no Oyori moved forward and opened war at Okinaga no Yokokawa on August 8 and after that, marched into enemies with a series of victories.
- 下野国と下総国の国境で連合軍は将門軍の先手に攻めかかるが、意外な抵抗にあい一旦退却しようとしたところに将門の本隊が到着して突撃してきた。
- At the border between Shimotsuke and Shimousa Provinces, the allied forces launched an attack on the first line of the Masakado army, but were met with unexpected force which led them to retreat, at which time they were rushed by the main unit of the army.
- 西南戦争のときに高瀬・田原の戦いに敗れ熊本城の包囲を解いて矢部浜町に退却した西郷軍が大隊を中隊に編制替えしたときにつくられた部隊である。
- This is a troop that Saigo's army organized when they reformed large-sized troop to medium-sized troop after their withdrawal to Yabehama Town lifting a siege around Kumamoto-jo Castle due to the defeat at the battle of Takase-Tahara in the Seinan War.
- このため、朝日新聞(9月1日付)に「講和会議は主客転倒」「桂太郎内閣に国民や軍隊は売られた」「小村許し難し」などと書かれるほどであった。
- So, Asahi Shinbun put some comments dated of September 1 such as 'the peace treaty was putting the cart before the horse', 'Taro KATSURA Cabinet sold Japanese people and army', 'Komura was unforgivable' and so on.
- そこへ土佐藩ら公議政体派が巻き返しを図り、12日には肥後藩・筑前藩・阿波藩などの代表が御所からの軍隊引揚を薩長側に要求する動きを見せた。
- Furthermore, those in favor of parliamentary regime including Tosa Domain attempted to regain of power, and representatives from Higo, Chikuzen, and Awa Domains requested Satsuma and Choshu to withdraw the army from the Imperial Palace on the 12th.
- 原田 左之助(はらだ さのすけ、天保11年(1840年) - 慶応4年5月17日 (旧暦)(1868年7月6日))は、新選組十番隊組長。
- Sanosuke HARADA (1840 - July 6, 1868) was the leader of the Tenth Unit of Shinsengumi.
- まず長宗我部隊が霧を隠れ蓑に藤堂高虎隊5,000を奇襲し、藤堂一族その他多数の首を獲ったが、幕府方の援軍に阻まれ、後退中に追撃を受け壊滅。
- To begin with, Chosokabe troop, covered by fog, made a surprise attack on Takatora TODO troop of 5,000 soldiers and cut off many heads of the Todo Family and others, however, they were blocked by auxiliary forces of the bakufu and destroyed by bakufu's chase when they were retreating.
- しかし、岩切らは石貫東側台地からの瞰射に苦しみ、熊本隊は増援を得た第十四連隊右翼に妨げられて、激戦対峙すること2時間、夜になって退却した。
- The IWAKIRI's troop reversely had a hard time under plunging fire from the plateau on east of Ishinuki, and the Kumamoto-tai troop was intercepted by the right flank of the reinforced 14th regiment; after a two-hour fierce battle and confrontation, the troops retreated in the night.
- 倭国軍の戦闘構想は、先ず扶余豊璋を帰国させて百済復興軍の強化を図り、新羅軍を撃破した後、後続部隊の到着を待って唐軍と決戦することにあった。
- Wakoku's military strategy was first to bring home King Hosho to strengthen the Kudara restoration force, then, after crushing the Silla force, to wait for the arrival of the reinforcements to fight against the Tang forces.
- 人吉方面撤退後の6月12日、村田新八は都城に入り、人吉・鹿児島方面から退却してきた薩軍諸隊を集め、都城へ進撃する官軍に対する防備を固めた。
- On June 12 after the Satsuma army withdrew from the Hitoyoshi area, Shinpachi MURATA entered Miyakonojo, put together the troops of the Satsuma army that had retreated from the Hitoyoshi and the Kagoshima areas, and reinforced defense against the government army that would advance to Miyakonojo.
- 6月19日、河野主一郎は破竹隊を率いて別働第二旅団が守る飯野を21日まで猛撃して奪取をはかったが、官軍は善戦し、陥とすことは出来なかった。
- On June 19, the Hachiku-tai troop led by Shuichiro KONO fiercely attacked to seize Iino, which was guarded by the detached 2nd brigade, but was fought off by the bravely fighting government army.
- ペリーは艦隊の一部を那覇に駐屯させ、自らは6月9日に出航、6月14日から6月18日にかけて、まだ領有のはっきりしない小笠原諸島を探検した。
- Leaving a part of his squadron behind, Perry set out from Naha on June 9, 1853. From June 14 to June 18, he explored the Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Islands) where no territorial claim had yet been formally made.
- 文禄元年(1592年)の文禄・慶長の役には豊臣秀勝、細川忠興らとともに九番隊として遠藤胤基、遠藤慶隆ら美濃衆8,000人を率いて渡海した。
- In the Battles of Bunroku and Kicho (the invasion of Korea by Toyotomi HIDEYOSHI) of 1592, he led 8,000 people from Mino Province including Tanenao ENDO and Yoshitaka ENDO and crossed the ocean to Korea as a member of the ninth troop with Hidekatsu TOYOTOMI and Tadaoki HOSOKAWA.
- 義経は、平氏滅亡後直後に法皇から院の親衛隊長とも言うべき院御厩司に補任され、検非違使・左兵衛尉を伊予守と兼務し続け、引き続き京に留まった。
- Yoshitsune continued staying in Kyoto, as he was appointed by the Cloistered Emperor to additionally fill the vacant position of In no Miumaya no Tsukasa (retainer responsible for the stability of the cloistered emperor's government), or in other words, as the chief of the Cloistered Emperor's bodyguard, in addition to occupying the posts of police and judicial chief (Kebiishi) and officer of Outer Palace Guards (Saemon no jo), as well as the post of governor of Iyo Province.
- 富山 弥兵衛(とやま やへえ、天保14年(1843年) - 明治元年4月1日 (旧暦)(1868年5月22日))は、新選組隊士、御陵衛士。
- Yahei TOYAMA (1843 - May 22, 1868) was a member of the Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late Tokugawa shogunate period) and Goryo-eji (guard of Imperial mausoleums).
- 4月27日、人吉まで退却した西郷らに続き、桐野は江代まで退却し、再びここで軍議して諸方面の部署を定め、新たに編制した中隊を各地に派遣した。
- On April 27, following Saigo's retreat to Hitoyoshi, Kirino retreated to Eshiro, where they discussed again to decide the disposition of each troop and dispatched newly organized companies to various places.
- 当時韓国統監であった寺内正毅は併合直前の1910年7月に明石元二郎憲兵隊司令官に警務総長を兼務させることによって憲兵と普通警察を一体化した。
- Masatake TERAUCHI, the Tokan (inspector general) of Korea of the day, integrated the military police with the regular police by having Motojiro AKASHI, the commander of the military police forces, double as the chief of the police administration in July, 1910, right before the annexation.
- 彦根藩と高田藩が小瀬川であっさりと壊滅したが幕府歩兵隊と紀州藩兵が両藩に替わって戦闘に入ると幕府・紀州藩側が押し気味ながらも膠着状況に陥る。
- Although the Hikone clan and the Takada clan were destroyed instantly in Ozegawa, the bakufu's infantry and the army of the Kishu clan took over them to fight back, and the situation became a stalemate with a slight predominance of the bakufu and Kishu clan side.
- 1943年 第100歩兵大隊が欧州戦線に投入される(イタリアやフランスを転戦し、モンテ・カッシーノの戦いなど各地での激闘ぶりを賞賛された)。
- In 1943, the 100th Infantry Battalion was deployed to Europe and fought on the front in Italy and France, where they were commended for their fierce fighting in various battles, such as that in Monte Cassino.
- なお、この間および後に薩軍に荷担した九州諸県の各隊は、貴島隊(隊長貴島清、薩摩新募の1箇大隊約2,000名)を除けば、大約以下の通りである。
- The troops from prefectures in Kyushu that sided with the Satsuma army during this period were the Kijima-tai troop (Commander: Kiyoshi KIJIMA, an about 2000-strong battalion of newly recruited Satsuma soldiers) as well as others summarized below.
- よって、この部隊は人吉から下って、八代から熊本へ進軍中の官軍を背後から攻撃し、退路を断って孤立させるという作戦のもとで行動することになった。
- Therefore, the strategy of isolating the government army by cutting off the retreat was taken and the recruits went southward from Hitoyoshi to attack the rear of the government army that were advancing from Yatsushiro to Kumamoto.
- 豊後・日向方面は4月末から5月末にかけて、野村忍介が率いる奇兵隊とそれを後方から指揮・支援する池上とその部隊の働きで薩軍の支配下におかれた。
- From the end of March to the end of April, the Bungo and the Hyuga areas were placed under the control of the Satsuma army, due to the efforts of Kiheitai led by Oshisuke NOMURA, of IKEGAMI, who commanded and supported KIHEITAI from the rear, and of the troop led by IKEGAMI.
- 明治元年(1868年)1月3日、大坂の旧幕軍が上京を開始し、幕府の先鋒隊と薩長の守備隊が衝突し、鳥羽・伏見の戦いが始まった(戊辰戦争開始)。
- January 3, 1868, the former shogunate army of Osaka set out to Kyoto, the spearhead convoy of the shogunate and garrison of Saccho had an encounter each other, and the Battles of Toba and Fushimi started.
- 藤堂 平助(とうどう へいすけ、弘化元年(1844年) - 慶応3年11月18日 (旧暦)(1867年12月13日))は、新選組8番隊組長。
- Heisuke TODO (1844 - December 13, 1867) was a captain of the 8th troop of the Shinsengumi (special police).
- 新撰組の一番隊組長沖田総司が所持していたとされるが、幕末期において、則宗の刀は既に国宝的な扱いを受けており、到底、沖田に手の出る物ではない。
- Although it is said that the leader of Ichibangumi of the Shinsengumi, Soji OKITA used Norimune-made swords, Norimune's swords were treated as a national treasure at the end of the Edo period, so it was impossible for Okita to obtain one.
- 本来は常備艦隊司令長官である日高壮之丞がそのまま就任するのが筋であったが、山本が我の強い日高を嫌って命令に忠実な東郷を据えたのだといわれる。
- Normally the Commander-in-Chief of the Standing Fleet Sonojo HIDAKA would be next in line for this position, but it was thought that Yamamoto disliked Hidaka's self-assertion, placing the loyal Togo into the role.
- 1945年 第442連隊が18143個の武勲章および9476個の名誉戦傷章を受章し、アメリカ軍史上最も多くの勲章を授与された部隊の栄誉に輝く。
- In 1945, the 442nd Regiment received 18,143 medals and 9,476 Medals of Honor, becoming the squad who received the biggest number of medals in U.S. Army history.
- 意見書によると、ロシアとの共同行為は、恩を感じた清国から艦隊や貯炭所の割譲または租借ができる唯一の可能性を与えるものである、と認識されている。
- According to a written statement, the concerted intervention with Russia was acknowledged among the high officials as the only way to get a cession or a lease of fleets and coal yards from Qing, as Qing would feel obligated to do so if the intervention was successful.
- 『妙法寺記』に「郡内弥三郎殿は(中略)よこいれを成され候ひて」とあり、よこいれ=側面攻撃 をしたと言う記録が別働隊説の根拠とされることが多い。
- In 'Myohoji-ki,' he is described as 'Mr. Yasaburo GUNNAI joined the Yokoire (flanking attack),' and this description of joining the flanking attack is often used as a base of the theory that the separate troops existed actually.
- 島田は箱館戦争後、近藤勇をはじめ散っていった新選組隊士の菩提を弔うため念仏をかかさず、箱館で戦死した土方歳三の戒名を常に懐に携えていたという。
- After the Hakodate war, SHIMADA regularly prayed to Amitabha for the repose of departed Shinsengumi souls including Isami KONDO, always putting in his bosom the posthumous Buddhist name of Toshizo HIJIKATA, who died in the Hakodate war.
- 勢いに乗じて藤堂隊は長宗我部隊を叩き潰そうと軍を動かしたが、盛親は川の堤防に陣を敷き、藤堂隊が近づいたところで一気に槍を構えた兵を突撃させた。
- Taking advantage of the situation, the troops of Todo marched to crush the troops of Chosokabe, but Morichika took up a position beside an embankment of the river and made the warriors hold spears in their hands, rushed at once when the troops of Todo came close to them.
- その後、土方らは庄内藩に向かい、大鳥圭介ら旧幕臣の部隊は仙台に転戦したが、斎藤は会津に残留し、会津藩士とともに城外で新政府軍への抵抗を続けた。
- Later, HIJIKATA departed for the domain of Shonai and a battery of former retainers of shogun, including Keisuke OTORI, went to Sendai to fight, but SAITO remained in Aizu and continued to fight against the new government army outside the castle with feudal retainers of the Aizu domain.
- 服部 武雄(はっとり たけお、天保3年(1832年) - 慶応3年11月18日 (旧暦)(1867年12月13日))は、新選組隊士・御陵衛士。
- Takeo HATTORI (1832 - December 13, 1867) was a member of Shinsengumi and Goryo-eji (guards of Imperial mausoleums).
- にも関わらず、中央部隊の親類衆(特に重鎮、叔父・武田信廉、従兄弟・穴山信君、武田信豊 (甲斐武田氏))の早期退却によって中央部の戦線が崩壊した。
- Nevertheless, the central force was destroyed as Katsuyori's relatives (including the senior vassals like his uncle Nobukado TAKEDA and his cousins Nobukimi ANAYAMA and Nobutoyo Takeda (of the Kai-Takeda clan)) retreated prematurely.
- 1876年10月24日深夜、敬神党が各隊に分かれて、熊本鎮台司令官種田政明宅、熊本県令安岡良亮宅を襲撃し、種田・安岡ほか県庁役人4名を殺害した。
- At midnight, October 24, 1876, the Keishin-to party split into units, then attacked the residence of Masaaki TANEDA, the Kumamoto Chindai Army Commander, and the residence of Ryosuke YASUOKA, the Governor of Kumamoto Prefecture, and killed four prefectural government officials as well as TANEDA AND YASUOKA.
- 永禄8年(1565年)に虎昌が義信事件に連座し切腹すると、虎昌の部隊は彼の実弟(甥とも)とされる山県昌景が引継ぎ、同時に赤備えも継承したという。
- It is told that after Toramasa commit suicide by disembowelment (Seppuku) being implicated in the Yoshinobu Incident in 1565, Toramasa's troop was taken over by Masakage YAMAGATA who is considered his own younger brother (or nephew according to another resource), and so was his Akazonea at the same time.
- 1942年 11月24日、Mike Masaokaらの主導で、陸軍省に日系2世部隊を組織するよう建白書を提出、翌年1月28日に請願が許可される。
- On November 24, 1942, Mike MASAOKA and others submitted a petition to the U.S. War Department that a squad of second-generation Japanese be made, and it was accepted on January 28, 1943.
- 西鄉小兵衛・浅江直之進・相良吉之助三小隊も敵前渡河を強行したりして高瀬奪回を試みたが官軍の増援に押され、日没もせまったので、大浜方面へ退却した。
- Also the three platoons of Kohei SAIGO, Naonoshin ASAE, Kichinosuke SAGARA crossed the river under enemy fire and took other attempts to recover Takase, but the reinforcements of the government army pushed them back and it was nearing sunset, thus, the platoons retreated toward Ohama.
- 谷 三十郎(たに さんじゅうろう、? - 慶応2年4月1日 (旧暦)(1866年5月15日))は新選組七番隊組長で、槍術師範であったともされる。
- Sanjuro TANI (? - May 15, 1866) was the leader of the seventh unit of Shinsengumi (an Edo shogunate police force located in Kyoto) and it is told that he was the grand master of the art of the spearmanship.
- 遠江国方面の武田軍本隊と同時に武田軍別働隊が侵攻する三河国方面への防備を充分に固められないばかりか、この戦いを機に徳川軍の劣勢は確定してしまう。
- In the Mikawa Province area where more of Takeda's troops separate from the main army had begun to invade, he could not make defensive preparations adequately either, and consequently, his inferior position was fixed after this battle.
- その間、別働隊との合流も果たし、浜松城へ近付く武田軍であったが、長期戦を嫌う信玄は浜松城を悠然と素通りして、三河国に侵攻するかのように転進した。
- Meanwhile, Takeda's troops, having merged separate groups, were coming near to Hamamatsu-jo Castle, but disliking that the battle would be protracted, Shingen changed the direction of the troops so as to invade Mikawa Province, passing through the castle without stopping.
- またこの事件に対し天皇が激怒し、自ら近衛部隊を率いて叛乱軍と戦うと言い出した時は、立憲君主制下の君主にあるまじき行動として、激しく諌言している。
- Furthermore, the Emperor was enraged by this incident and said that he would lead the Konoe Troops himself to fight against the rebellious troops, Saionji admonished him for taking an action unfit for a ruler under constitutional monarchy.
- 同年11月、薩摩藩から倒幕運動の出兵要請を受けた藩主毛利敬親の命令で、全軍総督である毛利内匠の東征軍先鋒隊700人余とともに海路で京都に入った。
- In December of the same year,he went into Kyoto by sea along with some 700 people in the spearhead convoy of the expeditionary force to the east, which was under Takumi MOURI, governor of all the army, ordered by the lord of domain Takachika MORI, who had been requested by the Satsuma Domain to dispatch the troops for the movement to overthrow the Shogunate.
- 1月11日(2月4日)13時過ぎ、備前藩兵の隊列が神戸三宮神社近くに差しかかった時、付近の建物から出てきたフランス人水兵2人が列を横切ろうとした。
- A little past 13:00 on February 4, when the troops of the domain of Bizen approached Kobe Sannomiya-jinja Shrine, two French sailors came out of a nearby building and tried to cross the array.
- 山本七平の「私の中の日本軍」(文春文庫)では,ある衛生下士官が部隊の宴会で酔い,「突撃一番,軍人勅諭はオンナで終わらあー」と叫んだ事を記している。
- In the book titled 'Watashi no naka no Nihongun (Japanese Army in myself)' by Shichihei YAMAMOTO (published by Bunshun Bunko), one combat medic drank in a banquet of a troop, and said in a loud voice, 'Totsugeki Ichiban, the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors is finished with women!'
- 熊本鎮台部隊が5月22日に馬見原から竹田方面に転進すると、この方面を担任することになった第1旅団は5月25日、折原を攻撃し、遂に三田井を占領した。
- Troops of Kumamoto Brigade changed their course to the Takeda area from Mamihara on May 22, and then the 1st brigade, having been assigned to this area, attacked Orihara on May 25 and seized Mitai at last.
- 幕府を挑発するために不逞浪士に江戸市中で乱暴狼藉を行わせたり、官軍のために貢献した赤報隊を偽官軍として処断するなど道義に反する行いも数々している。
- He had done many things against morality, like, made the repined masterless samurai use violence in Edo City against the shogunate, and punished the Sekihotai Army, who contributed to government forces, as a Nise Kangun (fake government force).
- 遊牧民族であるモンゴル人は船上の戦法を心得ておらず、モンゴル軍が有効に活用し、連戦連勝を重ねてきた得意の騎馬隊を上陸戦のため使うことができなかった。
- Since the Mongols were a nomadic people, they were not familiar with conducting battle in ships, and also could not use their cavalry, which they had been using well to achieve successive victories.
- 1852年11月24日、58歳のマシュー・ペリー司令長官兼遣日大使を乗せた巡洋艦「ミシシッピー」を旗艦とする東インド艦隊は、一路アジアへと向かった。
- On November 24, 1852, the 58-year old Commodore Matthew Perry, who was also the Ambassador to Japan, led the East India Squadron from the flagship Mississippi and headed straight for Asia.
- 翌23日に池上が村田・深見らの小隊を率いて小倉へ向けて出発したが、途中で激戦の銃声を聞いて池上は田原に転進し、村田三介の小隊だけが小倉方面へ進んだ。
- On February 23, IKEGAMI led the platoons of MURATA and FUKAMI toward Kokura, but upon hearing the gunfire of a fierce battle on the way to Kokura, IKEGAMI changed the course to Tabaru and only the platoon of Sansuke MURATA headed toward Kokura.
- 当初、日本が朝鮮の独立を尊重するならば日本が中国を占領してもよいと考えたが、セルゲイ・ヴィッテの登場により極東に艦隊を派遣するなど干渉に乗り出した。
- Originally, Russia took the view that if Japan respected the independence of Korea, Russia would not contend the occupation of China by Japan, but Sergei Yul'jevich Witte changed the policy and Russia began interfering with Japan's affairs by deploying fleets in the Far East.
- しかし、人吉・郡山・坊主石山からの三方攻撃の中、寄せ集め兵士の士気の激減と敵軍の圧倒的な物量で、さしもの辺見指揮下の部隊も敗れ、遂に大口は陥落した。
- However, since the spirits of the hastily-recruited soldiers of the troop led by HENMI were lowered seriously under attacks from three sides of Hitoyoshi, Koriyama and Bozuishiyama, and the government army had the overwhelming amount of materials, even the troop led by so brave HENMI was defeated, and Oguchi fell at last.
- これを知った中神村の鵬翼隊六番中隊・雷撃隊五番中隊・破竹隊一番中隊、その他2隊、鵯越の鵬翼三番中隊、戸ノ原の鵬翼隊五番中隊等の諸隊は大畑に退却した。
- Informed about the defeat, the 6th company of the Hoyoku-tai troop, the 5th company of the Raigeki-tai troop, the 1st company of the Hachiku-tai troop, and other two troops, all of which stationed in Nakagami Village, the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop in Hiyodorigoe and the 5th company of the Hoyoku-tai troop in Tonohara retreated to Ohata.
- 忠興は9月15日の関ヶ原本戦で石田三成隊と激闘を演じた功績から、戦後の慶長7年(1602年)、家康から豊前国中津藩39万9000石に加増移封された。
- Because of Tadaoki's success in the fierce fighting with Mitsunari ISHIDA's troops at the Battle of Sekigahara on September 15, Ieyasu in 1602 gave him additional land in Nakatsu Domain in Buzen Province with a yield of 399,000 koku.
- そして9月15日 (旧暦)の本戦で小早川秀秋が裏切ったのに便乗して寝返り、大谷吉継隊を壊滅させ、戦後、石田三成の居城・佐和山城攻略にも参加している。
- During the main battle on September 15, he took advantage of the betrayal by Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA by wipe out Yoshitsugu OTANI's forces and, after the battle, participated in the attack on Mitsunari ISHIDA's residence, Sawayama Castle.
- 政府軍一部の植木進出を聞き、午後3時に村田三介・伊東直二の小隊が植木に派遣され、夕刻、伊東隊の岩切正九郎が乃木希典率いる第14連隊の軍旗を分捕った。
- He heard that part of the Governmental army had gone to Ueki, then the platoon of Sansuke MURATA and Naoji ITO was sent to Ueki, and they captured the army flag of the fourteenth regiment, which was lead by Shokuro IWAKIRI and Maresuke NOGI of the army of Ito.
- 出兵のために池上四郎 (薩摩藩士)が募兵、篠原国幹が部隊編制、村田新八が兵器の調達整理、永山弥一郎が新兵教練、桐野は各種軍備品の収集調達を担当した。
- For dispatching troops, Shiro IKEGAMI (feudal retainer of Satsuma) was in charge of recruiting, Kunimoto SHINOHARA, organization of troops, Shinpachi MURATA, procurement and arrangement of weapons, and Kirino collection and procurement of various armaments.
- 1846年(弘化3)、東インド艦隊司令長官ジェームズ・ビッドルを派遣して国交を求めたが、江戸幕府はこれを拒絶し、46年の米墨戦争の勃発のため帰国する。
- In 1846, East India fleet admiral James BIDDLE was sent to Japan seeking diplomatic relations, but the Edo bakufu and he went back to his country because of the outbreak of the Mexican-American War.
- ともかく「戦陣訓」には耗弱した軍の組織の反映があり,聡明なる兵隊はそれを読んだ時点で,すでに兵隊そのものの危機を予感したかもしれない。」と述べている。
- Anyway, 'Senjinkun military code' reflects the drastically weakened militaty organization, and therefore, a clever soldier would have already expected the crisis of the army when he read it.'
- 対して26日未明、佐々友房・深野一三らが指揮する約60名の攻撃隊が矢筈岳の官軍を急襲したが、官軍の銃撃の前に後退し、熊本隊はやむなく大口へと後退した。
- Before dawn of May 26, an attack troop with a strength of 60 led by Tomofusa SASSA and Kazumi FUKANO raided the government army in Mt. Yahazu but was pushed back by gun attacks, and the Kumamoto-tai troop was forced to retreat to Oguchi.
- これを迎え撃った薩軍の常山隊七番中隊は一旦鹿沢村に退き、5月21日に水無・大河内の官軍に反撃したが、勝敗を決することができず、再び鹿沢村に引き揚げた。
- The 7th company of the Jozan-tai troop of the Satsuma army fought to repulse the advancement of the brigade but retreated to Kazawa Village once, and on May 21, counterattacked the government army in Mizunashi and Okochi but was unable to fight it out and pulled out to Kazawa Village again.
- 関ヶ原では秀頼の親衛隊である七手組の一部が西軍に参加したが、東西両軍とも「秀頼公のため」の戦いを大義としており、戦後に秀頼は家康を忠義者として労った。
- In Sekigahara, part of Nanategumi, troops of Hideyori's bodyguards, joined the Western Camp, but both the Eastern and Western Camps fought in the cause of 'For Hideyori' and, after the battle, Hideyori showed appreciation to Ieyasu as a loyal subject.
- 明治44年(1911年)の段階の陸軍入隊者の感染検査で、鹿児島県九州本島部分出身者の感染率は4%を超えていたし、北は青森県まで感染者が確認されている。
- In infection tests of army recruits conducted as of 1911, the infection rate was found to be greater than 4% among individuals from Kagoshima Prefecture on Kyushu Island, with the infection found in as gar north as Aomori Prefecture.
- 8月18日の政変に出隊する時、近藤や土方は甲冑に身を包んでいるのに総長である山南には甲冑が渡されず、怒ったが、松原忠司が間に入り山南をなだめたらしい。
- It seemed that when he left for the coup on September 30, while Kondo and Hijikata wrapped themselves up in Kacchu (armor and helmet), Sannan as the head did not receive Kacchu, so he was mad but Chuji MATSUBARA served as a buffer to ease his anger.
- もともと、久坂玄瑞の配下であり新撰組隊内に潜入していたが、佐伯の怠慢で情報を久坂に流さなくなり本格的に新撰組に身を置くようになったので久坂に殺された。
- Originally he infiltrated Shinsengumi serving under Genzui KUSAKA, but Saeki neglected his duty to give information to Kusaka and placed himself in Shinsengumi for real, therefore he was killed by Kusaka.
- 農民にとっては(暴力を振るわれても)農作業よりも楽であり、白米が食べられることから、明治時代には「軍隊に行くとなまけ者になる」という評判があったという。
- Peasants thought serving military was easier than farming (even they received violence) and they could eat even white rice in military, so it was said that 'a man who entered the military became lazy' in the Meiji period.
- このため、前線部隊では勲功抜群なものに対しては「金鵄勲章の確約」として軍刀や感状、記念品などを与えたり、陸軍では武功徽章を制定するなどして対処していた。
- Resultingly, those among the front-line troops who rendered extraordinary service were awarded army swords, letters of commendation, and other mementos 'as a firm promise of receiving the Order of the Golden Kite,' and among the army it was treated as an emblem of great military exploits.
- この別働隊に妻女山の上杉軍を攻撃させ、上杉軍が勝っても負けても山を下るから、これを平野部に布陣した本隊が待ち伏せし、別働隊と挟撃して殲滅する作戦である。
- This military strategy was as follows: This separate troop attacks Uesugi's forces on Saijo-san Mountain; regardless of the result, Uesugi's forces will come down the mountain; and then the body of Takeda's forces is awaiting in the plain field, and eventually the two troops take the pincer attack movement to destroy Uesugi's forces completely.
- 永禄12年(1569年)9月、碓氷峠から侵攻した武田信玄は小仏峠の別働隊を併せて小田原城を攻撃するが、氏政は父・氏康と共に籠城して武田軍を撃退している。
- In October 1569, although Shingen TAKEDA invaded Odawara-jo Castle from Usui-toge Pass along with a detached force stationed in Kobotoke-toge Pass, Ujimasa countered the attack by holding the castle with his father, Ujiyasu, and successfully repelled the Takeda army.
- 小早川隊の裏切りに激怒した秀家は、「小早川の陣中に乗り込み秀秋を叩き切ってやる」と叫んだと言われるが家臣の明石全登に制止され、やむなく落ち延びていった。
- It is said that Hideie was furious about the betrayal of Kobayakawa's force and said, 'I'll go into the Kobayakawa's camp to hack at Hideaki,' but he was stopped by his vassal Takenori (全登) AKASHI and reluctantly withdrew.
- しかしながら日露開戦前の緊迫時期に海軍首脳の山本権兵衛に呼び戻され、明治36年(1903年)12月に第一艦隊 (日本海軍)兼連合艦隊司令長官に就任する。
- Nevertheless, in the tense lead-up to the Russo-Japan War Navy Minister Gonnohyoe YAMAMOTO called him back and in December 1903 appointed him as Commander-in-Chief of the IJN first Fleet and the Combined Fleet.
- 「山県隊はさんざん鉄砲に撃たれてほうほうの体で退却し、次に二番手、三番手と次々と新手を繰り出すが、それもまた過半数が鉄砲の餌食になった(要約)」とされる。
- The Yamagata army were shot and retreated, followed by a second and a third army, most of whom were shot down by the teppo (a gist).'
- 天満屋事件(てんまやじけん)は、海援隊 (浪士結社)士/陸援隊士らが京都油小路通の旅籠・天満屋を襲撃して、紀州藩士三浦安を襲い、新選組と戦った事件である。
- The Tenmanya Incident was an incident in which members of Kaientai (an association of roshi (masterless samurai) organized by Ryoma SAKAMOTO) (Roshi association) and Rikuentai (an association of roshi organized by Shintaro NAKAOKA) assaulted a hatago (inn with meals) on Aburanokoji-dori Street, Kyoto called Tenmanya, attacking Yasushi MIURA, who was a feudal retainer of the Kishu Domain, and fought a battle against Shinsengumi (group that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
- 日本では勧告を受諾した政府に対して世論は激しく反発したが、政府は臥薪嘗胆をスローガンにこれを対露敵対心に振り向けて六六艦隊計画をはじめとする軍拡を進めた。
- Although the Japanese strongly accused the government of its acceptance of the recommendation, the Japanese government transformed the anger to hostility against Russia and proceeded with military expansion with projects, including 'rokuroku kantai keikaku' (literally, 66 fleets project) with the slogan, 'endurance of hardship'.
- その後上杉軍は柴田勝家を主将に前田利家、佐々成政らからなる織田軍の攻勢を本能寺の変までしのいだものの、武田軍は織田本隊と徳川連合軍によって滅亡させられた。
- After that, Uesugi's forces held out against attacks by Oda's forces, including Katsuie SHIBATA, the leader of the forces, Toshiie MAEDA, and Narimasa SASSA, until the Honnoji Incident, but Takeda's forces were ruined by the allied forces of Oda's main troops and Tokugawa's forces.
- ここで大友軍の援軍として仙石秀久、長宗我部元親、長宗我部信親、十河存保ら総勢6000余人の豊臣連合軍の先発隊が九州に上陸し、大野川を挟んで家久と対陣した。
- At this point, the advance contingent of allied forces under Toyotomi, consisting of 6,000 troops, including Hidehisa SENGOKU, Motochika CHOSOKABE, Nobuchika CHOSOKABE and Masayasu SOGO, landed in Kyushu as reinforcements to the beseiged Otomo clan, and encamped across the Ono-gawa River facing Iehisa's camp.
- 天正12年(1584年)3月24日、沖田畷の戦いにおいて肥前国の龍造寺氏と戦いその本隊を襲撃、嫡子・川上忠堅が大将の龍造寺隆信を討ち取る大功を挙げている。
- On May 4, 1584, in the Battle of Okitanawate, when he fought the Ryuzoji clan of Hizen Province, he attacked the enemy's main force, and his heir Tadakata rendered distinguished service by killing the enemy General Takanobu RYUZOJI.
- 詳細は山田一郎『海援隊遺文』(新潮社、1991年)などに、また土佐藩の御船蔵や海事資料については吉永豊実『土佐海事法制史』(山海堂、1983年)に詳しい。
- For the details, refer to 'Letters of Kaientai' by Ichiro YAMADA (Shinchosha, 1991); for information about Tosa clan's shipyard and maritime data, refer to 'History of Tosa Maritime Law' by Toyomi YOSHINAGA (Sankaido, 1983).
- 武田 観柳斎(たけだ かんりゅうさい、天保元年(1830年)頃 - 慶応三年6月22日 (旧暦)(1867年7月23日))は、出雲国母里出身の新選組隊士。
- Kanryusai TAKEDA (around 1830 - July 23, 1867) was a member of Shinsengumi from the Mori Domain in Inaba Province.
- こうして護衛の注意を前方に引きつけておいたうえで、黒沢忠三郎(関鉄之介という説あり)が合図の拳銃を駕籠にめがけて発射し、本隊による駕籠への襲撃が開始された。
- With the guards at the front thus distracted, Chuzaburo KUROSAWA (possibly Tetsunosuke SEKI) fired a shot toward the palanquin which signalled the start of the main attack.
- これは日本側から見ると武家諸法度に定められた「供割」(ともわり)と呼ばれる非常に無礼な行為で、これを見た第3砲兵隊長・滝善三郎正信が槍を持って制止に入った。
- From the viewpoint of Japan, this was a very rude act called 'Tomowari,' which was provided in Bukeshohatto (Acts for the Military Houses), so that a chief of the third battery Zenzaburo Masanobu TAKI stopped them, holding a spear.
- 慶長5年(1600年)、桑山重晴の次男・桑山元晴は関ヶ原の戦いにおいて東軍に与し、西軍の大谷吉継隊との戦いで武功を挙げたため、戦後に2000石を与えられた。
- Motoharu KUWAYAMA, the second son of Shigeharu KUWAYAMA, participated in the Battle of Sekigahara as part of the East camp in 1600 and received 2000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land) after the war in recognition of his military success against the troops of Yoshitsugu OTANI of the West camp.
- 6月25日、雷撃隊は大口の南に布陣し、曽木、菱刈にて官軍と戦ったが、覆水盆に返ることなく、相良率いる行進隊と中島率いる振武隊と合流し、南へと後退していった。
- On June 26, the Raigeki-tai troop set up a battle formation in the south of Oguchi and fought the government army in Sogi and in Hishikari, but could not reverse the situation and was forced to retreat towards the south with the Koshin-tai troop led by SAGARA and the Shinbu-tai troop led by NAKAJIMA.
- 永禄3年(1560年)5月、桶狭間の戦いで今川義元が織田信長に討たれた際、今川軍本隊とは別働で、前線の尾張国・大高城を攻略中であった元康は、大高城から撤退。
- When Yoshimoto IMAGAWA was killed by Nobunaga ODA in May (in the old calendar) of 1560 in the Battle of Okehazama, Motoyasu, who had been detached from the main Imagawa troop and was attacking Odaka-jo Castle in Owari Province in the front line, retreated from Odaka-jo Castle.
- そのため影の薄い男だったと言われることもあるが、隊務を怠っていたという記録があり、ほとんど屯所の八木家にいなくて為三郎と顔を合わせることもなかったのだろう。
- Therefore it is sometimes considered that Niimi was less represented, but seeing the record that he neglected his duties for the group, it is assumed that he rarely appeared at Yagi family's house as the headquarters, and did not meet Tamesaburo.
- 「戦陣訓」を「軍人勅諭」と比較することは酷であるにしても「戦陣訓」にはなんら灌漑している精神がなく,いたずらに兵隊に押しつける箇条書が羅列してあるだけである。
- Though 'Senjinkun military code' can not be compared with ''the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors,' there is no mentality seen through 'Senjinkun military code,' but just a list of items to be pushed to soldiers vainly.
- 1866年(慶応2年)6月7日に幕府艦隊の周防大島への砲撃が始まり、13日には芸州口・小瀬川口、16日には石州口、17日には小倉口でそれぞれ戦闘が開始される。
- On July 18, 1866 (表記の変更), the fleet of the bakufu opened fire on Suo-oshima Island, and fights started successively in Geishu-guchi on July 24 (表記の変更), Sekishu-guchi on July 27 (表記の変更), and Kokura-guchi on July 28 (表記の変更).
- 薩軍では二番大隊一番小隊が日奈久、二番大隊五番小隊が松崎西南の亀崎、二番大隊六番小隊が熊本西北の白浜で海岸警備をしていたが、なんら効果的な防御ができなかった。
- The Satsuma army could not effectively prevent the disembarkation even though it deployed the 1st platoon of the 2nd battalion at Hinagu, the 5th platoon of the 2nd battalion at Kamezaki, which was southwest to Matsuzaki, and the 6th platoon of the 2nd battalion at Shirahama, which was northwest to Kumamoto.
- 雷撃隊が大口から撤退することになった時、辺見は祠の老松の傍らに立ち、覚えず涙を揮って「私学校の精兵をして、猶在らしめば、豈此敗を取らんや」と嘆いたと言われる。
- It is said that, when the Raigeki-tai troop retreated from Oguchi, HENMI shed tears in spite of himself and deplored beside an old pine at a small shrine saying that 'If excellent soldiers from Shigakko still participated in this battle, we must not have been defeated like this.'
- 島田 魁(しまだ かい、文政11年1月15日 (旧暦)(1828年2月29日) - 明治33年(1900年)3月20日)は、新選組二番隊伍長 諸士調役兼監察。
- Kai SHIMADA (February 29, 1828-March 20, 1900) was the corporal in the second unit of Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate) and the Shoshi shirabeyaku ken kansatsu (Shinsengumi's organizational post for investigating movements of the opponents and keeping the Shinsengumi members under control).
- 松原が四番隊組長並びに柔術師範となってからまもなく、松原は屯所の近くに愛人(自分が殺害した浪人の妻女)を囲っており、その件を副長の土方歳三に厳しく咎められた。
- Shortly after Matsubara became the leader of the Fourth Unit and instructor of jujutsu, he was strongly criticized by Toshizo HIJIKATA, the Vice Commander, for keeping a mistress (wife of a masterless samurai whom he had killed) near their quarters.
- しかし、長篠合戦に参戦した織田軍の兵力を通説に従って3万、また先述のように参戦しない武将にも鉄砲隊を供出させた史実を考えれば、数千挺ほど用意出来た可能性はある。
- However, the Oda family could have acquired a few thousand teppo, if we take the standard number of 30,000 men deployed by the family, and if we recall the historical fact that they ordered the non-participating busho to provide teppo.
- これをもって侵攻の意図と見る見解があり、14万人という過剰な人員のうち、旧南宋の兵員からなる江南軍10万人は軍隊兼移民団だったのでは、と言う見解も出されている。
- Some people consider that it indicates his intention of invasion, and out of 140,000 soldiers, whose number was excessively large, 100,000 soldiers of the Southern Yangtze Army, consisting of the former Southern Sung soldiers, would have been immigrants as well as soldiers.
- この中では、上に挙げた富国強兵の一環で西洋軍事技術の導入も盛んに行われ、軍隊では兵隊の腕力や体力を強化する目的で、提供される食事(軍隊食)までもが西洋化された。
- As the principal part of the wealth and the military strength policy, the introduction and adaptation of Western-style military technologies and skills was strongly promoted; even the food service provided in the military (military ration) was Westernized in order to strengthen the physical power and stamina of soldiers.
- ペリーは蒸気船を配備した東インド艦隊を引きいて、53年7月に浦賀沖に来航し、7月14日に久里浜に設置された開国を求めるアメリカ大統領国書を提出し、9日後に帰国。
- Perry arrived at Uraga at the head of a fleet of East India steamboats in July 1853 and submitted a message from the president of the US demanding the opening the country on July 14, returning to the US 9 days later.
- 高杉らは西洋式軍制を採用した民兵である奇兵隊や長州藩諸隊を整備し、大村益次郎を登用してのゲベール銃やミニエー銃など新式兵器の配備、戦術の転換など軍事改革を行う。
- Takasugi, who organized a militia group adopting a Western-style military system named Kiheitai and consolidated the existing military units in the Choshu Domain, carried out a military reform by appointing Masujiro OMURA, equipping the army with the latest weapons like Gewehr rifles and Minie rifles changing tactics.
- しかしながら、正午頃、予てより懐柔策をとっていた小早川秀秋の軍が西軍を裏切って東軍に味方することを決意し、西軍の大谷吉継隊に襲いかかったのを機に形成が逆転する。
- However, around noon, the army of Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA, which Ieyasu had tried to take into his side, decided to change its support to the eastern side from the western side, and rushed to attack Yoshitsugu Otani's troops on the western side, changing the fighting state to the advantage of the eastern side.
- 維新の動乱期に、高杉晋作に師事して奇兵隊に投じ、木戸孝允、山田顕義、井上馨、山県有朋らと交遊関係を結んだがこの人脈がのちに藤田が政商として活躍する素因となった。
- During the turmoil of the Meiji Restoration, he became a follower of Shinsaku TAKASUGI and joined the Kiheitai, forming friendships with Takayoshi KIDO, Akiyoshi YAMADA, Kaoru INOUE and Aritomo YAMAGATA, a network that later helped Fujita to succeed as a politically-connected businessman.
- これは、派手好みの秀吉が気に入るような戦装束を自分の部隊に着させることで本陣に近い配置を狙い、損害を受けやすい最前線への配置を避けるよう計算したものと言われる。
- It is said that in order to avoid being sent to the foremost front where the possibility of getting damages is higher, Masamune calculated and sought for the position of his troops to be near the headquarter, by applying his troops with the military uniforms, which would please Hideyoshi with showy character.
- 『信長公記』には、「武田騎馬隊が押し寄せた時、鉄砲の一斉射撃で大半が打ち倒されて、あっという間に軍兵がいなくなった」という鉄砲の打撃力を示す、恐ろしい描写がある。
- 'Shinchoko-ki' contains the frightening description that 'when Takeda's cavalry surged, most of the soldiers were shot and disappeared in a moment,' which suggests the destructive power of the teppo.
- しかし、その後の国際情勢の変転に伴い、1950年(昭和25年)には、軍隊に匹敵する装備を持つ警察予備隊が創設され、この事務を掌理するため警察予備隊本部が置かれた。
- However, due to the change in international situations, the National Police Reserve, which had equal equipment as the Army, was formed and the National Police Army Head Quarters was created to manage its administration.
- ところが、夜になっても幕府軍が押し寄せる様子はなかったため、領国に帰って抵抗することに決め、邸に火を放つと、将軍の首を槍先に掲げ、隊列を組んで堂々と京を退去した。
- However, there were no sign of the army of bakufu even in the evening, so they deciced to go back to their territory and wait to fight, so they hold up shogun's head on a spear point and left Kyoto proudly, drawing up in line after setting fire to the residence.
- 『八幡愚童訓』(『八幡愚童訓』甲種本のひとつ)によると、百道浜より3キロ東の赤坂にて菊池武房らの軍勢230名ほどの騎馬が徒歩の部隊だった2千前後の元軍を撃破した。
- According to 'Hachiman Gudokun' (Tales of the God of War Told to the Simple) (one of so-called Koshu-type editions of 'Hachiman Gudokun'), troops consisting of approximately 230 samurai on horseback, led by Takefusa KIKUCHI and others, defeated the Yuan army of about 2,000 foot soldiers, in Akasaka located three kilometers east of Momochihama.
- 官軍主力隊本営では3月18日、野津鎮雄少将(第1旅団長)・三好重臣少将(第2旅団長)、参謀長野津道貫大佐、高瀬征討本営の大山巌少将などによって幕僚会議が開かれた。
- On March 18, in the headquarters of the main force of the government army, those including Major General Shizuo NOZU (1st Brigadier), Major General Shigeomi MIYOSHI (2nd Brigadier), Chief of Staff, Colonel Michitsura NOZU, and Major General Iwao OYAMA from the Takase punitive headquarters held the General Staff Council.
- その中で力を持ちすぎた者が中央政府である朝廷に謀反人と見なされ、中央から派遣された軍隊(実際には、これも武士たちである)によって討たれる事件が起こるようになった。
- Some of these samurai had so much power that they got killed by the army dispatched by the central government, the Imperial Court (but actually the army consisted of other samurai) for the charge of muhon.
- 4月30日、西郷から豊後方面突出の命を受けた奇兵隊指揮長野村忍介は、椎葉山を越え、一部を富高新町(細島西方)の守備及び細島方面の警備に任じ、主力は延岡に進出した。
- On April 30, commanded by SAIGO to charge into the Bungo area, Commander Oshisuke NOMURA led Kiheitai to went over Mt. Shiiba and assigned part of the troop to the roles of defending Tomitaka-shinmachi (in the west of Hososhima) and guarding the Hososhima area, while advancing the main force to Nobeoka.
- 父や兄と同様に、早くから源頼朝の挙兵に参加して御家人となったが、一般の御家人とは区別される、頼朝の個人的な側近・親衛隊員である「家子」としての地位を獲得している。
- Yoshitoki, like his father and elder brother, became a Gokenin (immediate vassal of the shogun) by joining the army raised by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo in his early days, acquiring the position of Ie no ko (meaning a follower), a position that differed from that of an ordinary Gokenin in that someone holding this position would serve as a personal aide/bodyguard to the Yoritomo.
- 鈴木 三樹三郎(すずき みきさぶろう、天保8年7月15日 (旧暦)(1837年8月15日) - 大正8年(1919年)7月11日)は、新選組九番隊組長、御陵衛士。
- Mikisaburo SUZUKI (August 15, 1837 - July 11, 1919) was the leader of the Ninth Unit of Shinsengumi and a member of Goryo-eji (guards of Imperial mausoleums).
- この事件により、一時、外国軍が神戸中心部を占拠するに至るなどの動きにまで発展したが、その際に問題を起こした隊の責任者であった滝善三郎が切腹する事で一応の解決を見た。
- This incident expanded to the temporal occupation of the center of Kobe by the foreign military, but the person in charge of the troop that caused the incident, Zenzaburo TAKI, committed suicide by disembowelment, which led to a tentative solution.
- これらの軍隊内の藩閥勢力は、要職者に陸軍大学校や海軍兵学校 (日本)卒業者が就任するようになると学校時代の成績が重要視されるようになったため、徐々に減少していった。
- When graduates of the Army War College and Naval Academy (Japan) assumed important posts, these forces of domain clique within the military shrank gradually because the performance of their school days was valued.
- なぜなら、防衛省の職員は、制服組はもちろん背広組も自衛隊の隊員とされ(自衛隊法2条5項)、隊員は政治的行為が制限されているからである(同法61条、同施行令86条)。
- This is because personnel of the Ministry of Defense, including the uniform team and the sebiro team, are considered as a part of Self-Defense Forces (Self-Defense Forces Act Chapter 2, Article 5), and the Self-Defense Forces are restricted by the political acts (in the same Act; Chapter 61, the same implementation orders; Article 86).
- 同日午後、薩軍は官軍一部の植木進出を聞き、午後3時に村田三介・伊東直二の小隊が植木に派遣され、夕刻、伊東隊の岩切正九郎が第十四連隊(乃木希典少佐)の軍旗を分捕った。
- At three o'clock in the afternoon, upon learning that part of the government army marched into Ueki, the Satsuma army dispatched the platoons led by Sansuke MURATA and Naoji ITO to Ueki, and in the evening, Shokuro IWAKIRI of the ITO's platoon captured the battle flag of the 14th regiment ((Major Maresuke NOGI..)
- 募兵、新兵教練を終えた薩軍では2月13日、次のように大隊編成がなされた(隊長の正式名称は指揮長。一般に大隊長とも呼ばれた。副長役は各大隊の一番小隊隊長がつとめた)。
- On February 13, with soldiers having been recruited and trained, the Satsuma army has formed into the battalions as below (The battalion commander was formally called Shikicho and generally called Daitaicho. The leader of the 1st platoon in each battalion served as Fukucho, the second in command.)
- 7月23日、官軍が岩川に進出したとの報を受け、高野から雷撃隊八・七番隊・干城隊七番隊を率いてきた辺見と合流し、辺見・相良を指揮長として岩川へ進撃し、官軍と交戦した。
- On July 23, the retreated troops merged with the 7th and 8th companies of Raigeki-tai and the 7th company of Kanjotai, both led from Takano by HENMI who received the report that the government army had advanced to Iwakawa, and advanced to Iwakawa with HENMI and SAGARA as Commanders and fought with the government army.
- その後黄海道金郊駅からは一番隊、三番隊とは別れ東北方向の咸鏡道に向かい海汀倉の戦いで韓克誠の朝鮮軍を破り、咸鏡道を平定、朝鮮二王子(臨海君・順和君)を生捕りにした。
- After this, his troops separated at Kinkoeki in Hwanghae Province from the first squad and the third squad, went in a northeastern direction to Hangyong Province, defeating the Korean troops of Kan Katsusei, subjugating Hangyong Province and capturing two Korean princes (Prince Imhaegun and Prince Sunhwagun) alive.
- この日本海海戦に際し、「敵艦見ゆとの警報に接し、連合艦隊はただちに出動これを撃滅せんとす。本日天気晴朗なれども波高し」と秋山真之参謀が起草し大本営に一報を打電した。
- At the time of the Battle of Tsushima, staff officer Saneyuki AKIYAMA sent a report by telegraph to the Imperial General Headquarters which read, 'Have received report that that enemy fleet has been sighted and our fleet will proceed forthwith to sea to attack and destroy the enemy. Weather today is fine but waves are high.'
- 白米飯は庶民あこがれのご馳走であり、麦飯は貧民の食事として蔑まれていた世情を無視できず、また部隊長の多くも死地に行かせる兵士に白米を食べさせたいという心情があった。
- Polished rice used to be considered a feast common people dreamed of, while barley rice was looked down on as the food of the poor, and such thoughts could not be ignored, besides, most troop leaders wanted to give their soldiers the treat of polished rice before leaving for the front where they might be killed.
- 信繁を討った松平忠直隊鉄砲組頭西尾宗次は信繁を討ったときを誇張して報告した為に、家康は宗次の「信繁を討ち取った」という報告を真に受けようとしなかったとも言われている。
- Munetsugu NISHIO, the captain of the Tadanao MATSUDAIRA gun unit reported the scene when he killed Shigonobu so exaggeratedly that Ieyasu is said not to have taken Munetsugu's report that he killed Shigenobu to be true.
- 前原・奥平ら幹部7名は本隊と別行動をとり東京へ向かうべく船舶に乗船し、萩港を出港したが、悪天候のため宇竜港(現在の出雲市内にあった)に停泊中、11月5日に逮捕された。
- MEBARA, OKUDAIRA and other seven executive members went separate ways from the main force in an attempt to head for Tokyo by ship and left Hagi port, but were arrested on November 5th while they were casting an anchor at Uryu Port (located present-day Izumo City) because of the bad weather.
- 日本政府は、花房公使を全権委員として、高島鞆之助陸軍少将及び仁礼景範海軍少将の指揮する、軍艦4隻、歩兵第11連隊の1個歩兵大隊及び海軍陸戦隊を伴わせ、朝鮮に派遣する。
- The Japanese government appointed Minister HANABUSA as a plenipotentiary and dispatched him to Korea with four warships, an infantry battalion belonging to the 11th Regiment of Infantry and a naval landing party under the command of Army Major General Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA and Rear Admiral Kagenori NIRE.
- 1867年から横浜市の大田陣屋で幕府伝習隊の教練をしていたフランス軍事顧問団から副隊長ジュール・ブリュネ砲兵大尉ら約10人がフランス軍籍を脱走して蝦夷政権に参加した。
- About ten soldiers including Assistant Chief Jules Brunet, Captain of Artillery Unit, deserted French Military Advisory Team which was giving a military drill to Bakufu Denshutai (Edo shogunate's army) at Ota Jinya (regional government office) in Yokohama City from 1867, and abandoned the French national army to join the Ezo Government.
- しかし家康は別働隊の動きを察知し、逆に自ら羽柴別働隊に奇襲をかけて殲滅し、豊臣秀次を敗走させ、恒興、長可、池田元助(恒興の嫡男)らを討ち取った(小牧・長久手の戦い)。
- However, Ieyasu detected the movement of Hidetsugu's military troops, and raided and annihilated the troops by himself, making Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI take to flight and killing Tsuneoki, Nagayoshi, and Motosuke IKEDA (the heir of Tsuneoki) (Battle of Komaki-Nagakute).
- 黒船来航(くろふねらいこう)とは、嘉永6年(1853年)にアメリカ合衆国のアメリカ海軍所属の東インド艦隊艦船が、日本の東京湾浦賀(神奈川県横須賀市浦賀)に来航した事件。
- In 1853, the East India Squadron of the United States Navy arrived in Japan at Uraga, near the entrance of Tokyo Bay (Uraga, Yokosuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture)--an incident that came to be known as the 'Arrival of the Black Ships.'
- また、この戦いの後、永禄初年頃に新設された赤と黒の母衣衆(信長の親衛隊的存在の直属精鋭部隊)の赤母衣衆筆頭に抜擢され多くの与力を添えられた上に、100貫の加増を受ける。
- Besides, after this battle, he was unexpectedly selected as the head of the Akahoro-shu which was one of the red and black horo-shu (elite troops under the direct supervision of Nobunaga with a nature of his bodyguards, who ran in the battle fields as orderlies with akahoro [red hood] or kurohoro [black hood] on their backs) which were organized newly around 1558 and a lot of yoriki were incorporated under his command, and furthermore, he had his chigyo (enfeoffment) increased by 100 kan.
- 通説では、当時最新兵器であった鉄砲を3000丁も用意、さらに新戦法の三段撃ちを実行した織田軍を前に、当時最強と呼ばれた武田の騎馬隊は成すすべも無く殲滅させられたとされる。
- A standard theory is that Takeda's cavalry which was regarded as the most powerful at that time was overwhelmingly defeated by the Oda forces which were equipped with 3,000 then state-of-art teppo (matchlock guns), and which employed a new tactics of 'sandan-uchi' (in which the gunners were arranged in three lines).
- この「天皇の軍隊の最高幹部がなんら倫理的葛藤なしに天皇の指名した首相を拒否・打倒する」事態については、山本七平・小室直樹・堺屋太一などが社会評論の題材として分析している。
- Shichihei YAMAMOTO, Naoki KOMURO, and Taichi SAKAIYA analyzed the matter that 'the top Army executives of the emperor refuses or dismisses a prime minister who the Emperor designates' as a subject of social criticism.
- この接近時に豊臣方の挑発に乗って始められた、包囲戦における最大の戦いである真田丸の戦い(12月3日 (旧暦)、4日)では、豊臣方が徳川軍を撃退、諸隊に大きな損害を与えた。
- When they were approaching the Toyotomi army, the Tokugawa army was defeated and a number of their troops were damaged badly in the Battle of Sanada-maru (December 3 and 4 [the old calendar]), the greatest battle in besieging Osaka Castle, which was triggered by the provocation of the Toyotomi side.
- ただ、これらは明治6年5月8日の太政官布達第154号による官等表改正で軍隊における階級呼称一覧として引き続き用いられ、西欧近代軍の階級呼称を和訳する際にも当てはめられた。
- However, these were continuously used as the title of military ranks established by the Dajokan Futatsu No. 154 issued on May 8, 1873 as well as for the Japanese translation of the title of military ranks of Western Modern army.
- こうして本営が浜町に後退したために、優勢だった薩軍右翼各隊も東方へ後退せざるを得なくなり、関ヶ原の戦い以来最大の野戦であった「城東会戦」はわずか一日の戦闘で決着がついた。
- Since the headquarters were moved to Hamacho, the troops of the Satsuma army in the right flank, which were in an advantageous state in the battle, were also forced to move to the east, bringing an end to the 'battle of Joto', the largest field battle after the Battle of Sekigahara, only in one day.
- 元の身分は下僕に近い極めて低いものであったが、高杉晋作の奇兵隊に参加したことで出世の糸口を掴んだ(中間出身の彼がもし他藩に生まれていれば出世は有り得なかったと考えられる。
- Although his original class was as low as that of a footman, participation in Kihei-tai, an unconventional battalion led by Shinsaku TAKASUGI, gave him an opportunity to succeed (It is believed that he wouldn't have been able to succeed if he, as one from a chugen family, had been born in a different domain.
- 嘉永7年1月16日 (旧暦)(1854年2月13日)、マシュー・ペリーが7隻の艦隊を率いて再来日すると、幕府は同年3月3日 (旧暦)(3月31日)日米和親条約に調印した。
- On February 13th, 1854, after Matthew (Calbraith) PERRY revisited Japan with leading seven naval fleets, the Edo Bakufu signed the Convention of Kanagawa ('Nichibei Washin Joyaku' in Japanese) on March 31st, 1854.
- 山鹿方面では第三旅団の先鋒1個中隊の増援を得て24日に転進して来た野村忍介の5個小隊と対戦することになったが、高瀬道を進んだ部隊は薩軍と戦闘をすることもなく高瀬を占領した。
- In the Yamaga area, the group of the 14th regiment was reinforced with a company that spearheaded the 3rd brigade, and fought the five platoons led by Oshisuke NOMURA, which was transferred to there on February 24, whereas the other group of the 14th regiment had pushed through the Takase Road and occupied Takase without fighting the Satsuma army.
- 1862年(文久2年)京都守護職に就任した藩主松平容保に従い、京都市に上り金戒光明寺本陣で西洋式軍隊の調練に当たるとともに、洋学所を主宰し在京の諸藩士に洋学の講義を行った。
- In 1862, he followed the lord of the clan, Katamori MATSUDAIRA, who was appointed as Kyoto shugoshoku (Military governor of Kyoto), to Kyoto, and trained the Western-style troops at the headquarters in Konkai Komyo-ji Temple as well as supervised Yogakusho (Institute of Foreign Study) to give the Western study lectures to retainers from various domains in Kyoto.
- 近藤勇の信頼が厚かったようで、初期より重用され、元治元年に江戸への隊士募集行きや、慶応元年(1865年)と慶応二年(1866年)の二度に渡る長州出張に例外なく随行している。
- Isami KONDO seems to have had great trust in Shuntaro, which is illustrated in the fact that Shuntaro was given an important position from an early stage of his career in Shinsengumi and that he accompanied Isami Kondo in all important trips such as the trip to Edo in 1864 to recruit new members for Shinsengumi and the two trips to Choshu (Nagato Province: Yamaguchi Prefecture) in 1865 and 1866.
- 伏見城攻撃では総大将として参加し、関ヶ原の戦いにおいても主力(家康本隊を除けば、第2位の兵力である1万7,000人)として積極的に戦い、東軍の福島正則隊と激戦を繰り広げた。
- Joining the attack on Fushimi-jo Castle as a supreme commander, and actively taking part in the Battle of the Sekigahara as a main force (the second largest force of 17,000 soldiers after Ieyasu's main force), he fought in the fierce battle against Masanori FUKUSHIMA's force on the Eastern Camp.
- 長州藩のミニエー銃に対し、彦根藩は赤備えに火縄銃という古来より伝わる兵装で挑むが、小瀬川を渡ろうとした所を長州軍石川小五郎率いる遊撃隊のアウトレンジ戦法を受け一方的に敗れる。
- Although Hikone Domain coped in Akazonae and with matchlock gun which came down from the ancient period with Choshu Domain equipped with Minié rifle, they received the tactic of outranging by the commando unit led by Kogoro ISHIKAWA of Choshu Army when they were about to cross the Oze-gawa River, which led to their self-defeat.
- 3月26日、黒田参軍は別働第1旅団を左翼、別働第2旅団を中央、警視隊を右翼に配し、艦砲射撃の援護のもと三方から小川方面の薩軍を攻撃し、激戦の末、薩軍を撃退して小川を占領した。
- On March 26, Sangun Kuroda deployed the detached 1st brigade in the left flank, the detached 2nd brigade in the center, and the Keishi-tai troop in the right flank, and attacked the Satsuma army in the Kogawa area from the three directions under cover of naval bombardment and seized Kogawa by driving back the Satsuma army after a fierce battle.
- 横川方面が官軍に制圧されてしまったため、7月1日、薩軍の雷撃隊六・八・十・十三番中隊、干城隊一・三・五・七・九番中隊、正義隊四番中隊等の諸隊は踊に退却し、陣をこの地に敷いた。
- On July 1, since the Yokokawa area had been brought under the control of the government army, the 6th, 8th, 10th, and 13th companies of the Raigeki-tai troop, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th companies of the Kanjo-tai troop, and the 4th company of the Seigi-tai troop of the Satsuma army retreated to Odori and took up a camp there.
- 近江朝廷の大友皇子側は東国と吉備国、筑紫国(九州)に兵力動員を命じる使者を派遣したが、東国の使者は大海人皇子側の部隊に阻まれ吉備と筑紫では現地の総領を動かすことができなかった。
- The Prince Otomo side in the Omi Court dispatched a messenger to Togoku (eastern country), Kibi Province, Tsukushi Province (Kyushu) to gather troops, the messenger of the east country was hampered by the troops of the Prince Oama side and they could not persuade syndics of Kibi and Tsukushi to cooperate with Prince Otomo.
- 昭和期に陸軍三長官を務めた長州出身者は陸相を務めた寺内寿一(寺内正毅の子)一人であり、海軍三長官を務めた薩摩出身者は連合艦隊司令官を務めた山本英輔(山本権兵衛の甥)一人である。
- Only Hisaichi TERAUCHI (a son of Masatake TERAUCHI), who served as Minister of Army, was the native of Choshu who served as any of the three secretaries of the Army, and the only Satsuma native that served as any of the three secretaries of the Navy was Eisuke YAMAMOTO (a nephew of Gonbei YAMAMOTO), who was the Commander-in-Chief of the Combined fleet.
- しかし、将校の地位を占めた鹿児島県出身者には戦意が乏しく、8月2日の一瀬川の戦いを観戦したある官軍将校は、屯田部隊で「戦争をしているのは下士兵卒で将校ではない」と評したという。
- However, some officers, natives of Kagoshima Prefecture had little will to fight: A certain army officer who watched the battle at the Ichisegawa river remarked that 'it was not officers, but noncommissioned officers who were fighting'.
- 別働第二旅団の侵攻で危険が目前に迫った人吉では、村田新八らが相談して安全をはかるために、5月29日、池上に随行させて狙撃隊等2,000名の護衛で西郷を宮崎の軍務所へ移動させた。
- Since Hitoyoshi was in imminent danger of falling due to an invasion by the detached 2nd brigade, Shinpachi NITTA and others discussed the safety of SAIGO, and on May 29, had SAIGO moved to the Office of Military Affairs in Miyazaki accompanied by IKEGAMI and protected by 2,000 soldiers including a sharpshooting squad.
- (一見無理な要求のようだが、史実では命を落とす隊士のうち野口健司など数名が「新選組!」では生き残っている。また「北条時宗 (NHK大河ドラマ)」にも北条時輔という前例がある)。
- (It seemed an impossible request on first glance, but on the other hand, Kenji NOGUCHI and a few others survived in 'Shinsengumi!' while they had been in fact killed historically. There was a precedent of Tokisuke HOJO in 'Tokumune HOJO (NHK Historical drama)'.)
- そこで宮崎市・佐土原と敗北した薩軍は、桐野をはじめ辺見、中島・貴島・河野主一郎らの諸隊と、池辺の熊本隊、有馬が率いる協同隊やほかに高鍋隊も高鍋河畔に軍を構えて官軍の進撃に備えた。
- After having been defeated in Miyazaki City and in Sadowara, the Satsuma army forces set up a fighting formation beside the Takanabe-gawa River as follows in preparation for attacks by the government army: the troops led by those including KIRINO, HENMI, NAKAJIMA, KIJIMA, and Shuichiro KONO, the Kumamoto-tai troop led by IKEBE, and the combined troop led by ARIMA as well as the Takanabe-tai troop.
- 加納鷲雄(かのう わしお、天保10年11月9日 (旧暦)(1839年12月14日) - 明治35年(1902年)10月27日)は、新選組の隊士、伍長で、のち御陵衛士(高台寺党)。
- Washio KANO (December 14, 1839 - October 27, 1902) was an officer and corporal of the Shinsen-gumi masterless warriors' party; he later became a member of Goryo-eji (guardians of Imperial mausoleums) party (Kodaiji-to party).
- 毛内 有之助(もうない ありのすけ、1835年3月26日(天保6年2月28日 (旧暦)) - 1867年12月13日(慶応3年11月18日 (旧暦)))は、新選組隊士、御陵衛士。
- Arinosuke MONAI (March 26, 1835 - December 13, 1867) was a member of the Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late Tokugawa shogunate period) and Goryo-eji (guard of Imperial mausoleums).
- なお、留学を一年延長した代わりに、地味な隊付勤務(プロイセン近衛歩兵第二連隊の医務)も経験しており、そうしたベルリンでの生活は、ミュンヘンなどに比べ、より「公」的なものであった。
- Furthermore, he experienced basic work in the army (medical work for the second infantry regiment of the imperial guard of Prussia) in exchange for an extension of his stay for another year, and as such his life in Berlin was more 'public' than it had been in Munich and other cities.
- 元亀元年1570年の俗に言う金ヶ崎の退き口では、梁田広正・中条将艦らと共に、僅かな兵力である馬廻り衆を率いて、成政も殿の軍に参加し、鉄砲隊を用いて秀吉軍を救援し活躍したとされる。
- On the so called Kanegazaki no nokiguchi (withdrawal from Kanegazaki) in 1570, it is said that Narimasa also participated in the army of the lord, leading a few armed forces of horse guards with Hiromasa YANADA and Masakane CHUJYO and worked to support Hideyoshi using firearms troop.
- 大田牛一の『信長公記』では、決戦に使用された鉄砲数に関しては「千挺計」(約1000丁)、鳶ヶ巣山攻撃の別働隊が「五百挺」と書いてあり(計約1500丁)、3000丁とは書かれてない。
- 'Shinchoko-ki' by Gyuichi OTA does not mention 3,000 teppo but it does mention that '千挺計' (about 1,000 teppo) were used in the main battle and '五百挺' (500 teppo) were used by the detachment force in the Battle on Mt. Tobigasu (making a total of about 1,500).
- これを後援するために5月4日に三田井方面に派遣された池上指揮部隊約1000名は、薩軍の本拠地人吉と延岡の交通路にあたる三田井の警備に部隊の一部を当て、主力は東進して延岡に進出した。
- Approximately 1,000 soldiers of the troop led by IKEGAMI were dispatched to the Mitai area on May 4 to support the NOMURA's troop, then part of the force was assigned to the role of guarding Mitai, located in a transportation route between Hitoyoshi, the stronghold of the Satsuma army, and Nobeoka, while the main force was advanced eastward to Nobeoka.
- もっとも、第1次山本内閣の後を受けて大命降下した清浦奎吾は、海軍拡張(八八艦隊の建造費用)について海軍と合意できず、海軍大臣候補が得られなかったため、組閣を断念している(鰻香内閣)。
- For Keigo KIYOURA, however, who was given an imperial command after taking over the first Yamamoto Cabinet, it proved impossible to gain consensus in regards to the Navy expansion (construction costs for fleet 88) and to obtain the Navy's ministerial candidates; therefore, he gave up on forming a Cabinet (Manko Cabinet).
- 途中仙台で会津戦争で敗走した伝習隊、旧新選組や彰義隊の残党を吸収し、北上、森町 (北海道)に上陸し、各地を平定、五稜郭を攻略し、府知事清水谷公考を敗走させ、蝦夷全島を支配下に置いた。
- On the way, in Sendai, he merged the remnants of Denshutai (Edo shogunate's army) which was put to rout in the Aizu War, Old Shinsengumi and Shogitai, then reached Kitakami and Morimachi (Hokkaido) where he suppressed each region, captured Goryokaku, got the Prefectural Governor, Kinnaru SHIMIZUDANI, on the run and put the whole Ezo Island under his control.
- 当初は西軍優勢であり、石田隊は6900人であったが、細川忠興・黒田長政・加藤嘉明・田中吉政ら兵力では倍以上の敵に攻められたものの、島左近・蒲生郷舎・舞兵庫らの奮戦もあって持ちこたえた。
- Initially, the western army was dominant and Mitsunari's army of 6,900 could hold out against more than twice that number led by Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, Nagamasa KURODA, Yoshiaki KATO and Yoshimasa TANAKA, because Sakon SHIMA, Satoie GAMO and Hyogo MAI fought so bravely.
- 慶長7年(1602年)2月1日に、おそらくは長年の家康に対する奉公による過労と島津義弘の軍を追撃していた際に義弘の軍の鉄砲隊が撃った銃弾による鉄砲傷が癒えないまま、破傷風が元で死去した。
- Naomasa died on March 24, 1602, probably from overwork in serving Ieyasu for many years, and tetanus caused by the bullet wound he received from Yoshihiro's musket troops while chasing his army.
- 一部の急進派は長野県北相木村出身の菊池貫平を筆頭とし、さらに農民を駆り出して十石峠経由で信州方面に進出したが、その一隊も11月9日には佐久郡東馬流(現小海町)で鎮台兵の攻撃を受け壊滅した。
- Some radicals led by Kanpei KIKUCHI from Kitaaiki-mura Village in Nagano Prefecture, together with peasants, advanced to Shinshu area via Toishi Pass; however, the troop was also destroyed by the attacks of the Chindai Army in Higashimanagashi in Saku County (now Koumimachi) on November 9.
- 熊本城の包囲が解けた4月23日、政府は参軍川村純義海軍中将を総司令官として別働第1旅団(旅団長高島鞆之助)・別働第3旅団2個大隊(田辺良顕中佐)を主力とする陸海軍混成軍を鹿児島に派遣した。
- On April 23 when the siege of Kumamoto Castle was released, the national government sent an army-and-navy-mixed troop whose main forces were composed of the detached 1st brigade (led by Commander Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA) and two battalions of the detached 3rd brigade (led by Lieutenant Colonel Yoshiaki TANABE) to Kagoshima with Sangun Sumiyoshi KAWAMURA, Vice Admiral of the Imperial Navy, as the Supreme Commander.
- 同年8月18日、八月十八日の政変に際して御所の警備のために近藤、新見とともに隊士を率いて出動するが、御門を固めていた会津藩士たちは壬生浪士組を知らなかったため槍を構えて通そうとしなかった。
- On August 18th of the same year, upon the August 18 Incident, SERIZAWA left with KONDO, NIIMI and other members of Miburoshi-gumi to defend the Imperial Palace, but the warriors of Aizu Clan guarding the gate [of the Imperial Palace] held out their spears and did not allow them to pass because they did not know about the Miburoshi-gumi.
- そこで、藩兵に依拠しない形での政府直属軍隊の創設を図る大村らと、鹿児島(薩摩藩)・山口(長州藩)・高知(土佐藩)藩兵を主体にした中央軍隊を編成しようとする大久保らとの間で激論が闘わされた。
- There was heated debate between Omura's group, which wanted to create a domain-independent military under direct control of the government, and Okubo's group, which wanted to reorganize a centralized military based on the armies of Kagoshima (Satsuma Domain), Yamaguchi (Choshu Domain) and Kochi (Tosa Domain).
- 新選組隊士の山崎林五郎(林新次郎)の従兄弟(義兄弟)で、林五郎の実家の家系図により、妻が居たとの話もあるが、そもそも林五郎と本当に血縁関係があったのかどうかも証明されておらず定かではない。
- Some people assert that he was a cousin (brother in law) of Ringoro YAMAZAKI (Shinjiro HAYASHI), a member of Shinsengumi, and that he should have a wife based on the family tree of Ringoro's family, but it is not certain whether he actually had a blood relation with Ringoro in the first place.
- 熊本城にいた山県参軍は品川弥二郎大書記官からの官軍苦戦の報告と大山巌少将からの薩軍が熊本に突出する虞れがあるとの報告を聞き、急遽熊本城にあった予備隊第4旅団を戦線に投入するありさまであった。
- Upon receiving a report from Yajiro SHINAGAWA, Chief Secretary, that the progress of the battle was disadvantageous to the government army and a report from Major General Iwao OYAMA that Satsuma army might storm into Kumamoto, Sangun YAMAGATA in Kumamoto Castle hastily sent the 4th brigade, which was a reserve troop stationed in Kumamoto Castle, to the battle line.
- 原田村の干城隊八番中隊・振武隊二番中隊・鵬翼隊二番中隊・振武隊十六番小隊、郷之原の破竹隊四番中隊、深上の雷撃隊一番中隊、馬場村の雷撃隊二番中隊等は人吉の危機を聞き、戦いながら人吉に向かった。
- Informed about the Satsuma army's crisis in Hitoyoshi, the 8th company of the Kanjo-tai troop, the 2nd company of the Shinbu-tai troop, the 2nd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop, and the 16th platoon of the Shinbu-tai troop, all of which stationed in Harada Village, the 4th company of the Hachiku-tai troop in Gonohara, the 1st company of the Raigeki-tai troop in Fukanoue, and the 2nd company of the Raigeki-tai troop in Baba Village fought their way to Hitoyoshi.
- 三条実美とも連絡を取りつつ脱藩志士たちのまとめ役として、薩摩と長州の志士たちの間を飛び回り、海援隊 (浪士結社)の坂本龍馬や三条の随臣土方楠左衛門(土方久元)をも説き伏せて巻き込んで行った。
- Shintaro maintained contact with Sanetomi SANJO and actively served as a liaison to all the exiles from Satsuma and Choshu, involving Ryoma SAKAMOTO of Kaientai (a group of leaderless warriors) and Kusuzaemon HIJIKATA (also known as Hisamoto HIJIKATA), who served as Sanjo's guard.
- 明治40年(1907年)、いったん政界を引退し、早稲田大学総長への就任、大日本文明協会会長としてのヨーロッパ文献の日本語翻訳事業、南極探検隊後援会長への就任など、精力的に文化事業を展開した。
- He withdrew from the political world temporarily in 1907 and put his energies into the development of cultural affairs, such as assuming the post of the President of Waseda University, contributing to the translation project of European literatures as the President of the Great Japan Civilization Association, and assuming the post of campaign club leader of the Antarctic exploration.
- 2月13日に鹿児島藩・山口藩・高知藩の兵を徴し、御親兵に編成する旨の命令が出されたので、西郷は忠義を奉じ、常備隊4大隊約5000名を率いて上京し、4月21日に東京市ヶ谷旧尾張藩邸に駐屯した。
- On February 13, soldiers were called from the domain of Kagoshima, the domain of Yamaguchi and the domain of Kochi because an order was issed to organize the Goshimpei, so Saigo went to Kyoto with four Jobitai, or about five thousand soldiers, by Tadayoshi's order, and stayed at former Owari domain's residence, Ichigaya, Tokyo on April 21.
- 海援隊士らの襲撃のとき三浦とともに酒宴を開いていた新選組は遅れをとり、宮川信吉と舟津釜太郎が死亡したほか、梅戸勝之進が斎藤をかばって重傷を負うなどの被害を出したものの、護衛には成功している。
- While the Shinsen-gumi masterless warrior party was holding an alcohol-drinking party with MIURA, they were beaten by an attack from members of the Kaientai (Japan's first modern corporation established by Ryoma SAKAMOTO) and suffered damage such as the deaths of Nobukichi MIYAGAWA and Kamataro FUNAZU as well as serious injuries to Katsunoshin UMEDO, which occurred in an effort to help SAITO, but the Shinsen-gumi masterless warrior party was successful in its effort to guard MIURA.
- 池田 七三郎(いけだ しちさぶろう、嘉永2年11月13日 (旧暦)(1849年12月27日) - 昭和13年(1938年)1月16日)は、新選組平隊士であり、新選組の最後の生き残りであった。
- A member of Shinsengumi, Shichisaburo IKEDA (December 27, 1849 – January 16, 1938) was the last remaining survivor of Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late Tokugawa shogunate period).
- 寄せ集めの軍勢である豊臣方は緊密な連絡を取ることができず、後藤基次隊2,800は単独で小松山に進出してしまい、伊達政宗、水野勝成ら2万以上の敵勢に集中攻撃を受け、奮戦するも壊滅、基次は討死した。
- The Toyotomi side was a jumble of army forces and unable to have close contacts; Mototsugu GOTO troop of 2,800 soldiers advanced to Komatsuyama in its single troop, which was given a concentrated attack by troops of more than 20,000 soldiers of Masamune DATE, Katsunari MIZUNO and others and the troop fought hard only to be destroyed and Mototsugu was killed.
- このときの経験から、11月に徴兵令が発布されたときは批判的であった(桐野は新制の軍隊を「農民兵」と侮蔑したという話が伝わっており、こうした見方が西南戦争の際に油断を生んだのではと見る者もいる)。
- From his experiences there, when the conscription ordinance promulgated in November, he looked at it critically, (and it is told that Kirino disdained the army under the new system and called it 'peasant soldiers' and some say that such a way of thinking caused carelessness in the Seinan War).
- 真田隊を壊滅させた松平忠直の越前勢が一番乗りを果たしたのを始めとして徳川方が城内に続々と乱入し、遂には大坂城本丸内部で内通者によって放たれた火の手が天守にも上がり、5月7日深夜に大坂城は陥落した。
- Starting with the first invasion of the Echizen troop of Tadanao MATSUDAIRA that destroyed the Sanada troop, the Tokugawa army entered the Castle in a stream; the fire set in the inside of the Honmaru by betrayers reached the castle keep leading the fall of Osaka Castle at midnight of May 7 (the old calendar).
- 石黒忠悳軍医・伊集院五郎・大浦兼武・大迫尚道陸軍士官学校 (日本)・神尾光臣・佐藤正 (陸軍草創期)・志水直・田村銀之助・寺内正毅(右腕を負傷)・東条英教・浜野昇軍医・山口素臣大隊長・手塚良仙軍医
- Tadanori ISHIGURO (a military doctor), Goro IJUIN, Kanetake OURA, Naomichi OSAKO (at the military academy (in Japan)), Mitsuomi KAMIO, Tadashi SATO (in the era of establishing the army), Tadashi SHIMIZU, Ginnosuke TAMURA, Masatake TERAUCHI (his right arm was injured), Hidenori TOJO, Noboru HAMANO (a military doctor), Motoomi YAMAGUCHI (a battalion commander), and Ryosen TEZUKA (a military doctor)
- 「公使館襲撃事件の犯人の逮捕と処刑、日本側被害者の遺族、負傷者への見舞金5万円、出兵費用補填50万円、公使館護衛としての漢城での軍隊駐留権、兵営設置費・修理費の朝鮮側負担、謝罪使の派遣等」である。
- It included 'the arrest and execution of the perpetrators who raided the Legation, consolation payment of 50,000 JPY to each family of the victims and injured in Japan, 500,000 JPY to fill the shortfall in the expenses for the dispatch of troops, the right to have an army around in Hanseong (the present Seoul) as a guard for the Legation, setting up barracks and the repair of them were at Korea's expense and sending a 'mission of expiation' and so on.'
- 新政府軍が江戸開城すると、徳川家に対する政府の処置を不満とし榎本は抗戦派の旧幕臣とともに開陽、回天丸、蟠竜丸、千代田形丸、神速丸、美嘉保丸、咸臨丸、長鯨丸の8艦から成る旧幕府艦隊を率いて脱出する。
- When Edo Castle was relinquished to the new government army, ENOMOTO, dissatisfied with the way the new government was treating the Tokugawa Family, led the former bakufu fleet composed of eight warships, Kaiyo, Kaiten Maru, Banryu Maru, Chiyodagata Maru, Shinsokumaru, Mikaho Maru, Kanrin Maru and Chogei Maru, with the other former shogun's retainers of the resistance force.
- 井伊の赤備えは、戦国屈指の先鋭部隊として安土・桃山時代の初期から末期にかけて天下に名を轟かせていたが、家臣達の中には直政による厳しい軍律に耐えられなくなり、本多忠勝の下に去る者達も多かったという。
- Ii's Akazonae (red arms) were renowned around the country as the most elite force among Sengoku (warring provinces) during the Azuchi Momoyama Period, however, there seem to have been many vassals who couldn't stand the strict military discipline of Naomasa and left to serve Tadakatsu HONDA instead.
- 5月20日 (旧暦)夜、酒井忠次率いる東三河衆の他、織田軍・金森長近などの与力、また鉄砲500丁を持たせた計約3000名という連合軍の大部隊(『信長公記』によると約4000名)が、密かに豊川を渡河。
- During the night of July 18, the great allied forces, comprising the Migashimikawa army under Tadatsugu SAKAI, the yoriki (assistants to commanders) including Nagachika KANAMORI of the Oda force, and approximately 3,000 (or 4,000 men according to 'The Shinchoko-ki') with 500 teppo, crossed Toyo-gawa River in secret.
- 事件発生後総督府は原住民への討伐を決定、軍隊出動による討伐作戦を2ヶ月にわたって展開し、対立部族の協力も得た鎮圧作戦の結果700人ほどの抗日サイディック族が死亡もしくは自殺、500人ほどが投降した。
- The Sotoku-fu decided to retaliate against the tribe after the Incident and developed a subjugation campaign using the military force in cooperation with the rival tribes for two months, as a result of which military campaign 700 Seediq were killed in fighting or committed suicides and 500 people surrendered.
- 鉄砲による損害に関しては「三段撃ちこそ無かったものの、1000丁という大量の鉄砲の一斉掃射による轟音によって武田の馬が冷静さを失い、騎馬隊を大混乱に陥れたのではないか」とする説がある(井沢元彦ほか)。
- Concerning the damage done by the teppo, some scholars (such as Motohiko IZAWA) have suggested that 'although the sandan-uchi tactics was not carried out, the horses of the Takeda cavalry were upset when 1,000 teppo were fired at the same time and brought it into great confusion.'
- 「米騒動」や「米騒擾」などと呼ばれた約50日間に渡る一連の騒動は最終的に、1道3府37県の計369ヶ所にのぼり、参加者の規模は数百万人を数え、出動した軍隊は3府23県にわたり10万人以上が投入された。
- A series of riots for about 50 days called 'Rice riot' or 'Rice civil disorder' eventually occurred in 369 places of 41 prefectures in total, for which millions of participants were counted, the armies were called out to 26 prefectures in total and more than 100,000 soldiers were put.
- その功により、のちに黒母衣衆のひとりとなったが、信長上洛後は大河内城攻め、甲州攻めなどでは名があるが、あまりぱっとせず、吏僚的な活躍が多いため、一隊の長に昇ることなく信長の側近として旗本部隊に属した。
- As the reward for that, he was later promoted to a member of kurohoroshu (a group of selected warriors of Nobunaga ODA), but after Nobunaga's visit to Kyoto, he did not have any remarkable achievements, so that although he made his name in the attack on Okochi-jo Castile and the Invasion of Koshu, he was not promoted to a chief of troops but he belonged to the troops of the direct vassal to Nobunaga as a close vassal because he worked mainly as a clerical staff.
- この後、朝鮮に拘泥するのは双方の為にならないとした日本と清国の間に1885年4月天津条約が結ばれ、双方とも軍事顧問の派遣中止、軍隊駐留の禁止、止むを得ず朝鮮に派兵する場合の事前通告義務などが取り決められた。
- Saying that it was useless for both to stick to Korea, Japan and Qing Dynasty agreed to the Tientsin Convention in April 1885, which stopped sending military advisers from both nations, banned stationing forces, and obliged prior notification to the other side in case of sending troops to Korea necessarily.
- 午前2時46分に山陽鉄道(現在の西日本旅客鉄道山陽本線)の福山駅に停車したところ、二等客車(二軸客車197号車)で、大日本帝国陸軍第12師団福岡連隊中隊長であった足立直躬大尉(当時45歳)が惨殺されていた。
- When the train stopped at Fukuyama station of the Sanyo Railway (currently JR West Sanyo Honsen) at 2:46 am, Senior Lieutenant Naomi ADACHI (45 years old) who was the commander of the Fukuoka regiment of the 12th division of the Japanese Imperial Army was found murdered in a 2nd grade car (two-axle four-wheel car, No. 197).
- 天正12年(1584年)の小牧・長久手の戦いにも参加し、このとき「中入り」のため三河国別働奇襲隊の総指揮を執ったが、逆に徳川家康軍の奇襲を受けて惨敗し、舅である池田恒興や森長可らを失い、命からがら敗走する。
- He took part in the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute in 1584, where he was a general commander of the detached surprise attack force in Mikawa Province for 'intermission,' but they suffered terrible defeat by a surprise attack by the Ieyasu TOKUGAWA army; Hidetsugu lost Tsuneoki IKEDA, his father-in-law along with Nagayoshi MORI, and escaped with his bare life.
- 嘉永6年(1853年)アメリカのマシュー・ペリー率いる艦隊が来航して通商を求めた際には、水戸徳川家の徳川斉昭や薩摩藩主の島津斉彬とともに海防強化や攘夷を主張するが、老中の阿部正弘らと交流して開国派に転じる。
- When the American fleets led by Matthew PERRY came to Japan to ask for commerce in 1853, he insisted on reinforcement in marine defense and expulsion of foreigners together with Nariaki TOKUGAWA from the Mito-Tokugawa family and Nariakira SHIMAZU, the lord of the Satsuma Domain, but turned to the open country wing after interaction with Masahiro ABE, Roju (senior councilor of the Tokugawa shogunate).
- 兵力的には劣る朝倉・浅井両軍であったが、浅井側先鋒磯野員昌率いる浅井家精鋭部隊が織田方先鋒坂井政尚、続いて池田恒興、豊臣秀吉、柴田勝家の陣を次々に突破し13段の備えのうち実に11段までを打ち破る猛攻を見せた。
- Although Asakura and Azai troops were understrength, Azai's elite troops led by its top Kazumasa ISONO broke through those of Oda's top Masahisa SAKAI, Tsuneoki IKEDA, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Katsuie SHIBATA one after another, and in fact, they launched fierce attacks to knock down eleven out of thirteen layers of military reserves.
- 主な内容は、公使館襲撃事件の犯人の逮捕と処刑、日本側被害者の遺族、負傷者への見舞金5万円、損害賠償50万円、公使館護衛としてのソウル特別市での軍隊駐留権、兵営設置費・修理費の朝鮮側負担、謝罪使の派遣等である。
- The treaty stipulated the arrest and execution of the criminal of the incident, the solatium of 50, 000 yens and compensation of 500,000 yens for the bereaved families and the injured of the Japanese victims, the right of Japanese troops to station in Seoul Special City as guards for the legation, creation and repair of barracks at Korea's expense and the dispatch of envoys for an apology.
- 明治3年(1870年)2月13日、西郷は村田新八・大山巌・池上四郎 (薩摩藩士)らを伴って長州藩に赴き、奇兵隊脱隊騒擾の状を視察し、奇兵隊からの助援の請を断わり、藩知事毛利広封に謁見したのちに鹿児島へ帰った。
- On February 13th, 1870, Saigo went to the domain of Choshu with Shinpachi MURATA, Iwao OYAMA and Shiro IKEGAMI (a feudal retainer of Satsuma), and inspected the chaotic situation of the Kiheitai troops, and declining the request of support from the Kiheitai Army, he visited governor of the domain Hiroatsu MORI, then returned to Kagoshima.
- 武田軍は完全に裏をかかれた形になり、鶴翼の陣(鶴が翼を広げたように部隊を配置し、敵全体を包み込む陣形)を敷いて応戦したものの、信玄の弟の武田信繁や山本勘助、諸角虎定、初鹿野源五郎らが討死するなど、劣勢であった。
- Completely outwitted Takeda's forces fought back using a crane-wings-shaped battle formation (soldiers were placed in the formation of the wings-spread shape of a crane, to enclose the enemy forces entirely), however they were in bad shape, with Nobushige TAKEDA, Shingen's younger brother, Kansuke YAMAMOTO, Torasada MOROZUMI, and Gengoro HAJIKANO killed in action.
- 監軍貴島清を伴って出発した中島健彦は途中で別府晋介・桂久武らと会して5月1日に軍議を開き、別府晋介が横川に主張本営を置いて鹿児島方面を指揮し、前線部隊の中島らはさらに進んで山田郷から鹿児島に突入することとなった。
- Having departed together with the Army's Supervisor Kiyoshi KIJIMA, Takehiko NAKAJIMA met Shinsuke BEPPU and Hisatake KATSURA en route to Kagoshima and held a military meeting with them on May 1 and decided that Shinsuke BEPPU should establish a temporary headquarters in Yokokawa and give commands for the Kagoshima area, and that NAKAJIMA and others in the front-line troop should advance further and raid Kagoshima from Yamada-go.
- 日露戦争においては、連合艦隊を率いて日本海海戦で当時屈指の戦力を誇ったロシア海軍を一方的に破って世界の注目を集め、アドミラル・トーゴー(Admiral Togo、東郷提督)としてその名を広く知られることとなった。
- He comanded the Combined Fleet in the Russo-Japanese War and became widely known around the world as 'Admiral Togo', being praised for his military potential after winning a lopsided victory over the Russian Navy in the Battle of Tsushima.
- 5月上旬、上野の彰義隊の打破と東山軍の奥羽白河城攻防戦の救援のどちらを優先するかに悩み、江戸守備を他藩にまかせて、配下の薩摩兵を率いて白河応援に赴こうとしたが、大村益次郎の反対にあい、上野攻撃を優先することにした。
- In the beginning of May, he was concerned about what the army should do first, the abolition of Shogitai in Ueno or the fierce battle of Ou-Shirakawa Castle, and he was depended upon to secure Edo for the other domain, and try to support Shirakawa with direct soldier of Satsuma, but he took attack Ueno first because of Masujiro OMORI's opposition.
- 大島口・芸州口・山陰口・小倉口の四方面で戦闘が行われ、芸州口は膠着したが、大村益次郎が指揮した山陰口は奇兵隊を中心とする諸隊の活躍で連戦連勝し、大島口・小倉口も高杉晋作の電撃作戦で勝利し、幕府軍は惨敗続きであった。
- The battle was was waged at four different locations, that is, ay Oshima-guchi, Geishu-guchi, Sanin-guchi and Kokura-guchi, and Geishu-guchi remained deadlocked, but the forces at Sanin-guchi, which commanded by Masujiro OMURA won through the hard work of many of the forces there, of which the Kiheitai Army was the foresmost; Oshima-guchi and Kokura-guchi were also won by means of sudden attacks oby Shinsakau TAKASUGI, and the force of shogunate suffered a crushing defeat.
- 西園寺の国葬当日、立命館大学では西園寺から使用を許可されていた西園寺家・家紋「左巴」を染めた旗を半旗として広小路学舎校門に掲げ、禁衛隊の鼓笛隊演奏、西園寺から寄贈された旅順港閉鎖船・佐倉丸の鐘を鳴らし西園寺を偲んだ。
- On the day of SAIONJI's state funeral, at Ritsumeikan University, the people commemorated SAIONJI, by displaying the flag of the Saionji family, which was dyed with the family emblem 'Left Tomoe' (a pattern of one ore more curled tadpole shapes inside a circle), at half-staff at the school gate of Hirokoji Campus, while the music was performed by drum and fife band of the Imperial guards, all while ringing the bells of the ship, Sakura maru, which was used to close the Port Arthur, that was donated by SAIONJI.
- その後、甲斐の若神子において氏直と家康は対陣したが(若神子の戦い)、信濃では真田昌幸が離反し、甲斐においても別働隊の北条氏忠が、黒駒において徳川方に敗北し、甲斐の北条領は郡内地方の領有に留まる等、対陣は不利となった。
- Although Ujinao and Ieyasu confronted each other once in Wakamiko of the Kai Province (the Battle of Wakamiko), the Hojo clan reduced its power to fight against the Tokugawa clan, since in Shinano, Masayuki SANADA defected from the Hojo clan, and in Kurokoma of Kai Province, Ujitada HOJO, who led detached forces, lost to the Tokugawa army, and only the limited area of the Gunnai region remained in the hands of the Hojo clan in Kai Province.
- 松原 忠司(まつばら ちゅうじ、 天保五年(1835年)?- 慶応元年9月1日 (旧暦)(1865年10月20日))は新選組において副長助勤及び四番隊組長と柔術師範を務めた播磨国出身の浪士(永倉新八によれば大坂浪人)。
- Chuji MATSUBARA (date of birth unknown, 1835 - October 20, 1865) was a Roshi (masterless samurai) from Harima Province (Osaka, according to Shinpachi NAGAKURA), joined Shinsengumi and became a Fukucho-jokin (assistant vice commander), leader of the Fourth Unit and instructor of jujutsu.
- 4月21日、薩軍は矢部浜町の軍議で、村田新八・池上が大隊指揮長を辞め、本営附きとなって軍議に参画すること、全軍を中隊編制にすること、三州(薩摩国・大隅国・日向国)盤踞策をとること、人吉をその根拠地とすることなどを決めた。
- On April 21, the Satsuma army held a military meeting in Yabehama-cho town and decided that Shinpachi MURATA and Ikegami should should resign from the post of commander of the battalions and be attached to the headquarters to participate in military meetings, that the whole army should be organized into companies, that the army should take the strategy of controlling the three provinces of Satsuma, Osumi, and Hyuga, and that they should set their base in Hitoyoshi.
- 慶長5年(1600年)の関ヶ原の戦いでは、東海道を進む家康本隊に対して、中山道を進む別働隊を率いる役割を与えられ、9月10日に美濃の赤坂宿に到着する予定(福島家文書に「中納言、さだめて十日時分には其地まで参るべし」)だった。
- In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he was assigned to lead a detached force going through the Nakasen-do Road and planned to arrive at Akasaka-shuku Post station town in Mino Province on October 16 (The Fukushima family document mentioned 'Chunagon is to arrive at the place around the tenth'), while the main force led by Ieyasu was going through the Tokai-do Road.
- いずれの大隊も10箇小隊、各小隊約200名で、計約2,000名からなっていたが、加治木外4郷から募兵し、後に六番・七番大隊と呼ばれた独立大隊(連合大隊)は2大隊合計約1,600名で、他の大隊に比べ人員も少なく装備も劣っていた。
- Each battalion consisted of 10 platoons, each of which consisted of about 200 soldiers, thus, each battalion consisted of about 2000 soldiers in all; exceptionally, the separate battalion (combined battalion), which had soldiers recruited from Kajiki and four other villages, consisted of about 1600 in all, which was less and armed poorer than each of the other battalions and was divided into the 6th and 7th battalions later.
- この軍議では一旦は篠原らの全軍攻城策に決したが、のちの再軍議で熊本城を長囲し、一部は小倉を電撃すべしと決し、翌23日に池上四郎が数箇小隊を率いて出発したが、南下してきた政府軍と田原・高瀬・植木などで衝突し、電撃作戦は失敗した。
- The plan of Shinohara that all army attack the castle was chosen at the military meeting at first, but they had been laying seige to Kumamoto Castle for a time by the next military meeting, and decided that the part of them should attack Okura suddenly, so Shiro IKEGAMI left with several platoons on the 23rd, but they encountered the Governmental army, which was moving south at Tahara, Takase and Ueki, and the blitz tactics failed.
- 募兵、新兵教練が終わった13日、大隊編制が行われ、一番大隊指揮長に篠原国幹、二番大隊指揮長に村田新八、三番大隊指揮長に永山弥一郎、四番大隊指揮長に桐野利秋、五番大隊指揮長に池上四郎が選任され、桐野が総司令を兼ねることになった。
- On the 13th, the Daitai was reorganized after the new soldiers were recruited and trained, and Kunimoto SHINOHARA was elected the Ichiban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the first battalion), Sinpachi MURATA was elected the Niban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the second battalion), Yaichiro NAGAYAMA was elected the Sanban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the third battalion), Toshiaki KIRINO was elected the Yonban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the fourth battalion), Shiro IKEGAMI was elected Goban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the fifth battalion), and Kirino held an additional post as the supreme commander.
- 2月13日、大隊編制が行われ、一番大隊指揮長に篠原国幹、二番大隊指揮長に村田新八、三番大隊指揮長に永山弥一郎、五番大隊指揮長に池上四郎、六番・七番大隊連合指揮長に別府晋介が選任され、桐野は四番大隊指揮長となり、総司令を兼ねた。
- On February 13, the organization of battalions was determined, and Kunimoto SHINOHARA was appointed to the commander of the first battalion, Shinpachi MURATA, the second battalion, Yaichiro NAGAYAMA, the third battalion, Shiro IKEGAMI, the fifth battalion, and Shinsuke BEPPU, the united battalions of the sixth and the seventh, and Kirino, the fourth battalion and concurrently general commander.
- 突破の隊編成として、前軍に河野主一郎・辺見、中軍に桐野・村田新八、後軍に中島・貴島をおき、池上・別府晋介は約60名を率いて西郷を護衛した(「鎮西戦闘鄙言」では村田・池上が中軍の指揮をとり、西郷と桐野が総指揮をとったとしている)。
- To break through the mountain, the troops were organized as follows: the front troop led by Shuichiro KONO and HENMI, the middle troop led by KIRINO and Shinpachi MURATA, and the rear troop led by NAKAJIMA and KIJIMA, with approx. 60 soldiers led by IKEGAMI and Shinsuke BEPPU for guarding SAIGO (according to 'Chinzeisentoteigen' (the battles in Kyushu in country dialect), MURATA and IKEGAMI led the middle troop and SAIGO and KIRINO took supreme command of the Satsuma army).
- これを聞いた薩軍の野村忍介は植木にいた隊を引き連れて鳥巣に向かい、挽回しようと奮戦するが、結局、この日一日では決着はつかず、4月7日に官軍がこの地に一旦見切りをつけ、古閑を先に攻略しようとしたことにより、一時的に休戦状態になった。
- In response to the report, the Satsuma army's Oshisuke NOMURA in Ueki led his troop to Torisu to restore the area but the battle was not decided on the day; on April 7, the battle over the area was suspended once, since the government army temporarily gave up the area to capture Koga first.
- 当初、第1旅団(野津鎮雄少将)・第2旅団(三好重臣少将)・別働第1旅団(高島鞆之助大佐)・別働第2旅団(山田顕義少将)の外に川路利良少将兼警視庁大警視が率いる警視隊(後に別働第3旅団の主力)などが出動し、順次、他の旅団も出動した。
- Initially, the 1st brigade (Major General Shizuo NOZU), the 2nd brigade (Major General Shigeomi MIYOSHI), the detached 1st brigade (Colonel Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA), the detached 2nd brigade (Major General Akiyoshi YAMADA) as well as the Keishi-tai troop (later became the main force of the detached 3rd brigade) led by Major General and Superintendent-General of the Metropolitan Police Department Toshiyoshi KAWAJI and other troops were mobilized, and the other brigades were also mobilized subsequently.
- 薩軍諸隊が熊本城・植木から逐次撤退してきた4月17日、桐野らは本営木山を中心に、右翼は大津・長嶺・保田窪・健軍、左翼は御船に亘る20km余りの新たな防衛線を築き、ここで南下する官軍を迎え撃ち、官軍を全滅させる作戦をとることにした。
- On April 17 when troops of the Satsuma army retreated from Kumamoto Castle and Ueki one after another, KIRINO and others decided to establish a new 20-km plus line of defense from the right flank in Otsu, Nagamine, Hotakubo and Kengun to the left flank in Mifune with the headquarters in Kiyama at the center to make a stand against the government army that was coming towards the south and to annihilate the government army.
- 戦国時代では赤以外にも黒色・黄色等の色で統一された色備えがあったが、当時赤は高級品である辰砂で出されており、戦場でも特に目立つため、赤備えは特に武勇に秀でた武将が率いた精鋭部隊である事が多く、後世に武勇の誉れの象徴として語り継がれた。
- In the Sengoku period, there were other Irozonae (colored arms) which were formed in a single color such as black or yellow other than red, but the red of the times came from cinnabar which was a high-quality product, and it also highly stood out in the battlefield, therefore, Akazonae were mostly elite troops led by a busho with outstanding bravery, and were passed down as a symbol of honor of bravery from generation to generation.
- 以来、藩政の改革(藩政と家政を分け、藩庁を知政所、家政所を内務局とし、一門・重臣の特権を止め、藩が任命した地頭(役人)が行政を行うことにした)や兵制の整備(常備隊の設置)を精力的に行い、戊辰参戦の功があった下級武士の不満解消につとめた。
- After that, he worked energetically for redivision of the domain duties (to divide the domain duties and the domestic economy, to change the government building of the domain to Chiseisho prefecture government, to move the domestic economy services to the Interior Ministry, to stop the prerogative for sept and main retainers, and a Jiao (officer) who is appointed by the domain as an administrator), and reorganized the division of soldiers (i.e. the creation of the Jobutai (regular army)), finally, he tried to of complaint of samurai in the lower grade who contributed at Boshin War.
- 武田家伝統の赤備えで編成した真田信繁隊は、天王寺・岡山の戦い天王寺口の戦いで家康本陣を攻撃し、三方ヶ原の戦い以来と言われる本陣突き崩しを成し遂げ、『真田日本一の兵 古よりの物語にもこれなき由』と薩摩旧記(島津家)に賞賛される活躍を見せた。
- Nobushige SANADA's troop formed in the Takeda Family's traditional Akazonae attacked the headquarters of Ieyasu in the battle of Tenno-ji and the battle of Tenno-ji-guchi, in which they achieved the breaking of headquarters which was said to be for the first time since the Battle of Mikatagahara, and showed the performance as praised in the Satsuma Nikki (Journal of Satsuma Domain) (Shimazu Family) which tells, 'Sanada is the best troop in Japan. Even an old story has never told such a strong troop.'
- 鴎外を擁護する立場からは、下士官・兵 (日本軍)達の「入隊したからには白米を食べたい」という声があり、当時、麦飯は白米に比べ美味でないとされていた(麦の精白技術が現代ほど発達していなかったため)こと(脚気歴史)を考慮すべきとの意見もある。
- There are also those who defend Ogai, suggesting that people should consider the fact that, at the time, most noncommissioned officers and soldiers longed to eat polished white rice after joining the army, because barley rice was less tasty (rice polishing technology was not as advanced as it is today).
- また家康本陣を守備していた藤堂高虎の一代記である高山公実録にも「御旗本大崩れ」と記され、藤堂勢は一応の応戦はしたものの、真田隊の勢いの前では効果無く、ほどなく家康は本陣を捨ててしまい、高虎自身も、家康の安危を確認できなかったと振り返っている。
- Also in Kozankojiroku, a biography of Takatora TODO, who guarded the Ieyasu headquaters, there is a description of 'a great collapse of hatamoto (direct retainers of the shogun)' and Takatora, reviewing the battle, says in the biography that his troop fought back more or less, but was overwhelmed by the Sanada troop, and Takatora himself could not confirm the safety of Ieyasu, who abandoned the headquarters shortly afterward.
- しかし武田軍を追撃して会戦した三増峠の戦いでは、氏康の替わりに本隊を率いた氏政が氏照・氏邦等が待ち伏せる三増峠(現愛川町)より数里南方の荻野(現厚木市)まで進出したが、小荷駄を切り落として迅速に進軍した信玄は、三増峠の氏照・氏邦等を打ち破った。
- In the Battle of Mimasetoge, which Ujimasa started by chasing the Takeda army, while Ujimasa led the main army in place of Ujiyasu and moved the force up to Ogino (present-day, Atsugi City), about 10 kilometers south of Mimase-toge Pass (present-day, Aikawa Town) where Ujiteru and Ujikuni were stationed to ambush Shingen, Shingen moved his forces quickly to kill provision transporters of the Hojo army and beat Ujiteru and Ujikuni in Mimase-toge Pass.
- 結局、2月2日 (旧暦)(2月24日)、備前藩は諸外国側の要求を受け入れ、2月9日 (旧暦)(3月2日)、永福寺において列強外交官列席のもとで滝を切腹させるのと同時に備前藩部隊を率いた日置について謹慎を課すということで、一応の決着を見たのである。
- At last on February 24, the domain of Bizen accepted the demand of the foreign countries, and on March 2 it made TAKI commit suicide by disembowelment in the presence of the diplomats of the powerful countries at Eifukuji Temple and at the same tiime put HEKI, who was a chief of the troops of the domain of Bizen, under house arrest, which tentatively settled the Incident.
- その目的は、西郷と共に下野した不平士族たちを統率することと、県内の若者を教育することであったが、外国人講師を採用したり、優秀な私学校徒を欧州へ遊学させる等、積極的に西欧文化を取り入れており、外征を行うための強固な軍隊を創造することを目指していた。
- SAIGO founded the schools to lead the band of fuhei shizoku (former samurai with gripes), who left the government as he did, and to educate the youth in the prefecture; moreover, with the goal of forming a strong army to go on a foreign campaign, he positively introduced Western culture by employing foreign instructors and sending capable students to Western countries to study.
- 薩摩藩陰謀説が成り立たないことを政治史的な観点から論証したものに、桐野作人「龍馬遭難事件の新視角-海援隊士・佐々木多門書状の再検討- 第1回・第2回・最終回」(『歴史読本』第51巻第10号・第51巻第11号・第51巻第12号、2006年)がある。
- For a book arguing from the viewpoint of political history that the Satsuma clan's conspiracy theory does not hold true, refer to 'New Angle toward Ryoma's Distress Incident -Review on Letters by a Kaientai Member, Tamon SASAKI- the First, the Second, and the Last' by Sakujin KIRINO ('Rekishi dokuhon' Vol. 51, No. 10, Vol. 51, No. 11, Vol. 51, No. 12, 2006).
- 1905年、日露戦争は東郷平八郎率いる大日本帝国海軍がロシア海軍のバルチック艦隊を撃破したことを契機に、アメリカ合衆国大統領のセオドア・ルーズベルトの仲介のもと、アメリカのポーツマス (ニューハンプシャー州)にて日露の和睦交渉が行なわれることとなった。
- In 1905, Japan and Russia came to be holding reconcilatory negotiations at Portsmouth of America (State of New Hampshire) through the intermediation of Theodore ROOSEVELT, the President of the United States of America, triggered by the incident that the Baltic Fleet, the Russian Navy, was explosed by the Imperial Japanese Navy led by Heihachiro TOGO during the Russo-Japanese War.
- また、神風によって日本が救われたという出来事は「神国思想」(=日本は神国なのだから負けるはずがないという考え)を日本人に広く浸透させ、それが太平洋戦争末期の日本軍や国民思想の非合理性の温床となり、神風特別攻撃隊をはじめ数々の悲劇を生んだとも言われている。
- It is also said that the event in which Kamikaze saved Japan led Japanese to widely believe in 'Shinkoku Shiso' (the idea that Japan will never lose because it is a country protected by the gods), which became the grounds for the irrational idea held by the Japanese army and people at the end of the Pacific War, causing many tragedies, including Kamikaze Special Attack Units.
- しかし、当時既に開設されていた電信によりいち早く彼らの蜂起とその規模を知った政府は、一部汽車をも利用して警察隊・憲兵 (日本軍)等を送り込むが苦戦し、最終的には東京鎮台の鎮台兵を送り郡境を抑えたため、11月4日に秩父困民党指導部は事実上崩壊、鎮圧された。
- However, the government, getting information on their uprising and its scale instantaneously by telegram that had already been in use at that time, sent a troop of police and military police (Japanese Army) partially by train only to face uphill fights, but finally soldiers in Tokyo Chindai Army (garrison in Meiji period) brought the county boundary under their control, leading the leaders of the Konmin Party to the collapse and subjugation on November 4.
- 日本海海戦でバルチック艦隊を破って後、山村で隠棲していた彼の遺族を私邸に招き、「日本海海戦で勝利を得たのは、(小栗上野介が生前に建造した)横須賀造船所で艦隊の十分な補給と整備を受けることができたからである」と故人の功績を称え、感謝の言葉を惜しまなかったという。
- Destroying the Russian Baltic Fleet in the Battle of Tsushima, Togo invited Oguri's bereaved family who lived in a remote village to his private residence to praise Oguri's distinguished service (Oguri had built the Yokosuka Dockyard for future Japan before his death) and to express his deep gratitude to them, saying, 'The Yokosuka Dockyard was able to provide enough supplies and maintenance for the Combined Fleet, which brought us victory in the Battle of Tsushima.'
- 松本隆海は、『足尾鉱毒惨状画報』(1901年)で、安蘇郡界村字高山(現佐野市高山町、当時の人口約800人)で、5年間で兵役合格者がわずか2名しか出ておらず(適齢者は延べ50名)、しかも、その合格者のうち1名も入隊後10日で病気で除隊となったという逸話を紹介している。
- In 'Ashio Kodoku Sanjo Gaho' (Reports and Pictures of Ashio Mining Pollution) (1901), Ryukai MATSUMOTO revealed the horrifying fact that in five years there had been only two men who had passed the medical for the draft (there were fifty people who met the age for the draft) in Takayama of Sakai Village, Aso County (present Takayama-cho, Sano City, population of approximately 800 at that time), and out of those two that passed, one was subsequently discharged on medical grounds after only ten days.
- 慶応3年12月7日 (旧暦)(1868年1月1日)、海援隊/陸援隊士ら総勢16名(15名とも)が、三浦休太郎、新選組らが天満屋2階にて酒宴を行っていたところを襲い、出会い頭に、十津川郷士の中井庄五郎が「三浦氏は其許か」というなり斬りつけ、三浦休太郎は、頬頤を負傷する。
- On January 1, 1868, 16 members in total (or another theory has 15 members) of Kaientai and Rikuentai assaulted Kyutaro MIURA and Shinsengumi, who were having drinks on the second floor of Tenmanya, and Shogoro NAKAI, who was a samurai from the Totsugawa area in Nara, slashed Kyutaro MIURA, injuring him on his cheek and jaw, as he bumped into MIURA, asking 'Are you MIURA?'.
- しかしながら、ドイツ・オーストリア海軍Uボート及び武装商船の海上交通破壊作戦が強化され、1917年1月からドイツおよびオーストリアが無制限潜水艦作戦を開始すると連合国側の艦船の被害が甚大なものになり、イギリスは日本へ、地中海へ駆逐艦隊、喜望峰へ巡洋艦隊の派遣を要請した。
- However, as operations by the German and Austrian navy to destroy sea traffic with U-boats and armed merchantmen grew in intensity and Germany and Austria began unrestricted submarine warfare in January 1917, navy ships of the Allies were made to suffer serious damage, so that Britain requested Japan to dispatch a destroyer fleet to the Mediterranean and a cruiser fleet to the Cape of Good Hope.
- 神戸事件(こうべじけん)とは慶応4年1月11日 (旧暦)(1868年2月4日)、神戸(現・神戸市)三宮神社前において備前藩(現・岡山県)兵が隊列を横切ったフランス人水兵らを負傷させたうえ、居留地(現・旧居留地)予定地を検分中の欧米諸国公使らに水平射撃を加えた事件である。
- Kobe Incident was an incident that occurred on February 4, 1868, in which in front of Sannomiya-jinja Shrine of Kobe (present-day Kobe City), a troop of the domain of Bizen (present-day Okayama Prefecture) injured French sailors who had crossed the array of the troop, and shot horizontally to the Minister-Counselors from Western countries who were inspecting the place which was supposed to be the settlement site (present-day Former Foreign Settlement).
- これに反対したのが、近藤勇、土方歳三、芹沢鴨らであった(鵜殿鳩翁が浪士組隊士の殿内義雄・家里次郎の両名に、京に残留することを希望する者の取りまとめを依頼し、根岸友山、芹沢鴨、近藤勇らが残留し八郎と袂を分かつ、かれらは壬生浪士(壬生浪)となり、後に新選組へと発展してゆく。)
- Isami KONDO, Toshizo HIJIKATA, Kamo SERIZAWA and others objected to this (Kyuo UDONO requested two members of the Roshigumi, Yoshio TONOUCHI and Tsuguo IESATO, to coordinate those who desired to remain in Kyoto; Yuzan NEGISHI, Kamo SERIZAWA and Isami KONDO and others remained in Kyoto to take a path separate from that of Hachiro, and they became Mibu warriors who later developed into Shinsengumi.)
- さらに武田氏が滅亡した後、後北条氏との交渉で徳川方の使者として政治的手腕としての実力を発揮し、家康が武田氏の旧領である信濃国、甲斐国を併合すると、武田家の旧臣達を多数与力に付属され、山県昌景の朱色の軍装を復活させて赤備え(いいのあかぞなえ)と呼ばれる精鋭部隊の大将となった。
- After the fall of the Takeda clan, he showed his political ability as an envoy for Tokugawa by negotiating with the Gohojo clan.
- 戦争中,中支の戦場にいた,のちの戦記作家の伊藤桂一(当時・陸軍上等兵)は,戦陣訓と軍人勅諭を比較して「「戦陣訓」にくらべると,明治十五年発布の「軍人勅諭」は荘重なリズムをもつ文体で,内部に純粋な国家意識が流れているし,軍隊を離れて,一種の叙事詩的な文学性をさえ感じるのである。
- Keiichi ITO was in the central China during the war (as a lance corporal of the Army) and when he became a novelist of military history later, he compared Senjinkun military code with the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors and said, ''the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors,' that was issued in 1882, has a literary style with more solemn rhythm than 'Senjinkun military code,' pure national consciousness is seen through it, and it gives impression of a kind of epic literature instead of the military.
- 開戦直後、榎本の率いる旧幕府艦隊は大坂の天保山沖に停泊していたが、鳥羽・伏見の戦いで旧幕府軍が敗北すると、大坂城にいた慶喜らは、主戦派の幕臣に無断で旗艦「開陽」に座乗し江戸へ引き揚げた(軍艦と輸送船を区別するため'丸'を付すのは輸送船のみとされており「開陽丸」は誤りである)。
- Right after the war began, the former bakufu fleet led by ENOMOTO was anchored offshore near Mt. Tempo in Osaka, but when the army of former bakufu was defeated in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, Yoshinobu and his followers, who had been in Osaka Castle, boarded and commanded the flagship ‛Kaiyo' to withdraw to Edo without notifying the shogun's retainers of the war party (in order to distinguish a warship from a troopship, 'Maru' should be put only on a troopship; therefore, ‛Kaiyo Maru Warship' is inaccurate in this case).
- ちなみに、織田信長も金ヶ崎の戦いでは同様にただ一目散に逃亡したかのようであるが、退却戦である上に挟撃されるという状況ながら大した混乱もなく本隊は被害を小規模に留めており、この事からある程度の指示を与えてから僅かな手勢のみを引き連れて逃亡したのであり、見殺しにしたわけではない。
- By the way, Nobunaga ODA also looks as if he ran away for his life at the Battle of Kanagasaki, but it was a full retreat without major damage or confusion while being attacked from both sides, and from these facts we know Nobunaga ran away with his own small forces after giving a handful of directions and did not run away without trying to help the allies.
- 昭和16年9月末に近衛から対米戦に対する海軍の見通しを訊かれた連合艦隊司令長官の山本五十六が、「是非やれと言われれば初めの半年や一年は随分と暴れてご覧に入れます。しかし、二年、三年となれば、全く確信は持てません」という有名な回答で近衛を悩ませたのも、この荻外荘においてであった。
- It was also at Tekigaiso, at the end of September, 1941, that Commander in Chief of the Combined Fleet, Isoroku YAMAMOTO, who was asked by Konoe about the Navy's prospects in the fight against the U.S., worried Konoe with the famous words, 'If you say I must, I will show you how much damage we can inflict for the first half a year or a year. However, if it goes on for 2 to 3 years, I have absolutely no confidence.'
- 『西南記伝』四番大隊将士伝に桐野利秋を評して「利秋、天資英邁(えいまい)、気宇宏闊(こうかつ)、其人を待つや、憶を開き、胆を露はし、毫も畛域(しんいき)を設けず、然れども志気一発、眉を揚げ気を吐くに当たりては、その概、猛将勇卒と雖ども仰ぎ視ること能はざるものありしと云ふ」という。
- In the stories of commanders and soldiers of the fourth battalion of 'The records of Seina War' (Seinan Kiden), Toshiaki KIRINO was commented as 'Toshiaki was an gifted and large-minded person. He was so hospitable and talked in a friendly manner and opened his heart to anyone without discrimination, but once he was enthusiastic and asserting his opinion, even variant generals or brave soldiers cannot compete.'
- 西郷は2月12日に東海道先鋒軍の薩摩諸隊差引(司令官)、14日に東征大総督府下参謀(参謀は公家が任命され、下参謀が実質上の参謀)に任じられると、独断で先鋒軍(薩軍一番小隊隊長中村半次郎・二番小隊隊長村田新八・三番小隊隊長篠原国幹らが中心)を率いて先発し、2月28日には東海道の要衝箱根町を占領した。
- Saigo was appointed the Satsuma group's Sashihiki commander of the Tokaido spearhead army on February 12th, and he was appointed the Shimo-sanbo staff of Tosei-daitokufu (Kuge was the appointed staff officer, the office of shimo-sanbo was the actual staff officer), then left first with the spearhead army (Hanjiro NAKAMURA, who was the Ichiban-shotai Taicho (commander of the first platoon), Shinpachi MURATA, who was the Niban-shotai Taicho (commander of the second platoon), and Kunimoto SHINOHARA, who was the Sanban-shotai Taicho (commander of the third platoon), and they occupied an important part of the Hakone Town of Tokaido.
- この頃幕府は武力で勅命を出させ、長州藩主父子の出府、五卿の江戸への差し立て、参勤交代の復活の3事を実現させるために、2老中に4大隊と砲を率いて上京させ、強引に諸藩の宮門警備を幕府軍に交替させようとしていたが、それを拒否する勅書と伝奏が所司代に下され、逆に至急将軍を入洛させるようにとの命が下された。
- At that time, the shogunate ordered an Imperial command by force, to go to the capital of the father and son of the domain of Choshu and to send five nobles to Edo, and sent two councilors to Kyoto with four battalions with guns to realize that revival of three things of Sankin-kotai (daimyo's alternate-year residence in Edo), and they were forced to exchange the security of the Imperial Palace's gates of domain to shogunate army, but Shoshidai (local governor) ordered the bull and Denso (job title referring to one who relays messages of court's people to Emperor) to reject that, instead of that an urgent order sent to the general was urgent.
- 永倉新八の証言(新選組顛末記)によれば、彼が油小路に向かう前、近藤の口から「藤堂だけは生かしておきたいものだな」と聞き(維新のずっと後、明治後期の新聞記者による遺談をまとめた新聞での連載記事であることから、後の創作の可能性が高い)、藤堂が逃げられるように道をあけたが、事情を知らぬ隊士三浦常三郎に斬られた
- According to Shinpachi NAGAKURA ('Shinsengumi Tenmatsuki'), he heard Kondo saying, 'I'd like to keep Todo alive' (since this is an excerpt from a serialized newspaper article using posthumous discourse by a newspaper reporter in the late Meiji period, long after the Meiji Restoration, it is highly possible that this is a fictitious story) so he cleared the way and let Todo get away but Tsunesaburo MIURA, who was unaware of the situation, cut him down.
- 赤穂浪士のお預かりを担当した松平定直の家臣波賀清大夫が赤穂浪士たちから話を聞き、それをもとにして書いた『波賀聞書』では、表門隊で最初に梯子を上って邸内に侵入したのは大高源五と小野寺幸右衛門であったといい、大高が飛び降りざま名乗りを上げ、吉田沢右衛門と岡島八十右衛門もそのあとに続いて上っていったとしている。
- In 'Haga Kikigaki' (Haga's verbatim account) by Seidaibu HAGA, who was Sadanao MATSUDAIRA's retainer and in charge of confinement of Ako Roshi, it says that based on what he heard from Ako Roshi, it was Gengo OTAKA and Sawaemon ONODERA from the front gate party who climbed up the ladder and broke into Kira's property with Otaka announcing his name when jumping off the gate, and Sawaemon YOSHIDA and Yasoemon OKAJIMA followed after him.
- しかし、現役の自衛官が防衛大臣を兼ねることはともかく、かつて職業軍人であった者や自衛官であった者が、防衛大臣に就任すること自体は憲法違反にあたらないと解されている(例えば、旧海軍経理学校出身の中曽根康弘(中佐)、松野頼三(少佐)、山下元利(中尉)らや陸上自衛隊自衛官(二等陸尉)であった中谷元が防衛庁長官に就任している)。
- However, whether or not an active Self-Defense Official concurrently serves as a Secretary of State for Defense, it is understood that appointment of a career military man or a Self-Defense official to a Secretary of State for Defense itself is not illegal (For instance, Yasuhiro NAKASONE (lieutenant colonel) who graduated from the Naval Paymasters' School, Raizo MATSUNO (major), Ganri YAMASHITA (lieutenant), and Gen NAKATANI who was in the Japanese Self-Defense Forces (First Lieutenant) were appointed to Chief Secretary of State for Defense).
- 明治憲法下では軍の統帥権が天皇にあったが、編成権(部隊編成、予算編成など)に関しては国務大臣が補弼するのか。それとも、憲法に明記されていなかったが、慣習的に軍令については国務大臣が輔弼せず統帥部(陸軍:参謀総長。海軍:軍令部総長)が補弼することとなっていたことにより、その大権に含まれるのかどうかが大きな論点となっていた。
- Under the Meiji Constitution, the supreme command of the army belonged to the Emperor, but whether the organization rights (troop organization, budget organization, etc.) were assisted by the Minister of State or, although it was not described in the Constitution, or it was included in the supreme command, because the military orders were assisted traditionally not by the Minister of State but by the supreme command staff (the Chief of the Military General Staff, the President of the Naval General Staff) was the major point of the dispute.
- この時期、九州では依然として激戦が続いており、更に1,800万発の調達が必要と見積もられていたこともあって、大量の弾薬在庫が残されていたツンナール銃を九州に送る案が検討され、実際に和歌山(旧紀州藩)の臨時召集部隊は藩兵時代から使い慣れたツンナール銃装備のまま九州へ派遣されたほか、大阪鎮台の医歩兵など後方部隊もツンナール銃を装備して派遣されていた。
- As fierce battles were still fought in Kyushu in this period, the Army Ministry estimated further 18 million rounds of ammunition would be needed and examined a plan of sending Zundnadel guns to Kyushu because it had a great deal of stockpiles of ammunition for the gun; in fact, an emergency call-up troop in Wakayama (former Kishu Domain) was dispatched to Kyushu armed with Zundnadel gun, which they had used when they served for the domain, and a rear unit including medical soldiers in Osaka Garrison were also armed with Zundnadel guns and dispatched.
- 彼ら急進派の政府転覆計画は結局は具現化をみるには至らなかったが、その後発生した1884年(明治17年)6月の群馬事件は、群馬県の下部自由党 (明治)員が、妙義山麓に困窮に苦しむ農民を結集し、圧制打倒の兵をあげようとしたものであり、さらに同年9月に発生した加波山事件は、茨城県の加波山に爆裂弾で武装した16人の急進的な民権運動家が挙兵し、警官隊と衝突するというものであった。
- After all the plot of overthrowing the government of the radicals was not realized, but in subsequent Gunma Incident occurred in June 1884, local members of the Liberal Party (Meiji period) in Gunma Prefecture, gathering peasants in poverty at the foot of Mt. Myogi, tried to raise an army against suppression and furthermore in Kabasan Incident occurred in September of the same year sixteen democratic radicals armed with bombs raised an army and encountered the police force.
- 戊辰戦争の折に清水港に停泊中の脱走艦隊の1隻である咸臨丸の船員が新政府軍と交戦し徳川方の戦死者が放置された件(清水次郎長が埋葬し男を上げた意味でも有名)で、明治になってから戦死者の慰霊の石碑が清水の清見寺内に立てられるが、福澤は家族旅行で清水に遊びこの石碑の碑文を書いた男が榎本武揚と銘記され、その内容が「食人之食者死人之事(人の食(禄)を食む者は人の事に死す。即ち徳川に仕える者は徳川家のために死すという意味)」を見ると激怒したという。
- During the Boshin War, sailors of Kanrin-maru, a ship of the Fleet of Enomoto Takeaki in the port of Shimizu, fought soldiers of the new government's forces and the dead bodies of the sailors were abandoned there (it is a famous story that SHIMIZU no Jirocho buried the bodies and gained a reputation for courage) and later during the Meiji period, a stone monument was erected for the war dead in the precincts of Seiken-ji temple in Shimizu; when Yukichi took a trip with his family to Shimizu, he read and got furious about the epitaph signed by Takeaki ENOMOTO on the monument, which said 'Men who served their master died for their master (which means that the servants of the Tokugawa family died for the Tokugawa family).'
- 小説やテレビドラマでは手のつけられない凶暴な悪漢のように描かれることが多いが、会津藩主松平容保へ嘆願に行く時に八木家から紋付を借りることになり、全員同じ家紋になってしまうと八木源之丞が心配すると(公式の場では、かなり滑稽)、芹沢はまったく意に介せず笑っていたり、八木家から借りた火鉢をこっそり返しに来て、火鉢に刀傷があったので問いただしたら(隊士たちは酔って八木家の家財を手当たり次第に試し切りの材料にしていた)、「俺だ、俺だ」と頭をかいて逃げてしまうなど気さくな一面もあった。
- Although he is often described as a hopelessly violent villain in novels and TV dramas he also had open-hearted aspects which can be seen in such cases as: when Shinsen-gumi members had to borrow Montsuki kimonos from YAGI family upon visiting Katamori MATSUDAIRA, the Head of Aizu Clan, for a petition Gennnojo YAGI worried that they would all be bearing the same family crest (an extremely ridiculous situation at a public occasion), but SERIZAWA laughed, not minding at all; or when SERIZAWA came secretly to return a hibachi he borrowed from YAGI family, YAGI questioned him about cuts made by swords on the hibachi (when the members got drunk, they tested out their swords on randomly selected furniture that belonged to the YAGI family), but SERIZAWA said 'it's me, it's me' and scratched his head and escaped.