陣: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 陣
- battle formation
- camp
- encampment
- position
- group (with a common goal or purpose)
- war
- campaign
- Jin
- Jinsaki
- Jinji
- Nobu
- Noburu
- battle array
- ranks
- Jin (position)
- 陣内
- Jin'uchi
- Jinnai
- Jinnouchi
- 戦陣
- battle array or formation
- battlefield
- 先陣
- vanguard
- advance guard
- spearhead
- 退陣
- retreat
- withdrawal
- retirement
- 対陣
- confrontation of armies
- 陣幕
- camp enclosure
- Jinmaku
- 陣容
- battle formation
- battle array
- lineup (of a team, etc.)
- cast
- staff
- team structure
- 陣門
- surrender to the enemy
- Jinmon
- 西陣
- district in Kyoto
- Nishijin
- 陣列
- battle formation
- array
- 陣皮
- dried citrus peel (esp. of a satsuma mandarin) used as seasoning and in traditional Chinese medicine
- chenpi
- 本陣
- troop headquarters
- daimyo's inn
- stronghold
- Honjin
- 方陣
- square formation
- magic square
- phalanx
- 内陣
- inner temple
- shrine
- sanctuary
- chancel
- Naijin (Inner sanctuary of a shrine or a temple)
- 布陣
- battle formation
- lineup
- lines
- Deployment
- constellation
- 殺陣
- sword battle (staged for television, etc.)
- sword fight
- Stage combat
- 自陣
- one's own ground
- one's own position
- on'e own area of the field (soccer, rugby, etc.)
- 初陣
- first campaign
- one's first battle
- Uijin
- 出陣
- departure for the front
- 後陣
- rear guard
- reserve troops
- apse
- 円陣
- forming a circle
- circular formation (orig. in battle)
- huddle
- ring
- 陣々
- each encampment
- strong (wind)
- fierce
- intermittent
- 陣中
- in camp
- at the front
- Jinnaka
- 陣鐘
- bell or gong used to signal soldiers
- 陣痛
- labour (birth) pains
- labor pains
- labor (pains)
- labour pain
- 陣陣
- each encampment
- strong (wind)
- fierce
- intermittent
- 陣鉦
- bell or gong used to signal soldiers
- 陣屋
- encampment
- Jin'ya
- Jinya
- 本陣備
- Army headquarters sonae
- 脇本陣
- Waki honjin (sub-honjin)
- 陣内誠
- Jinnai Makoto (h) (1951.11.30-)
- 陣屋町
- Jin'yachou
- Jin'yamachi
- Jinyamachi (town around feudal lord's residence)
- Jinyamachi (town formed around a feudal lord's residence)
- 陣三郎
- Jinsaburou
- Jinzaburou
- 陣三朗
- Jinsaburou
- Jinzaburou
- 陣原駅
- Jinnoharu Station (st)
- 陣之内
- Akebonoshika
- Jinnouchi
- 捜査陣
- criminal investigation squad (team)
- 西陣織
- Nishijin silk fabrics
- Nishijin brocade
- Nishijin Ori
- Nishijin Textile
- Nishijin-ori Brocade
- Nishijinori (Nishijin brocade)
- 単従陣
- single column (in marching)
- 殺陣師
- man who teaches actors or actresses how to use swords
- 教授陣
- faculty
- professorate
- group of professors
- college
- 陣痛室
- labor room
- labour room
- 過強陣痛
- uterine hypercontraction
- 天正の陣
- The Battle of Tensho
- 大溝陣屋
- Omizo jinya (regional government office of the Omizo Domain)
- 陣出達朗
- Jinde Tatsurou (h) (1907.2.14-1986.4.19)
- 陣内孝則
- Jinnai Takanori (1958.8-)
- Takanori Jinnai
- 陣内秀信
- Jinnai Hideo (1947-)
- Jinnai Hidenobu (1947-)
- 陣内孝雄
- Jinnouchi Takao (1933-)
- 陣内大蔵
- Jinnouchi Taizou (h) (1965.5.25-)
- 陣屋町駅
- Jin'yamachi Station (st)
- 陣内智則
- Jinnai Tomonori (h) (1974.2.22-)
- 前駆陣痛
- Braxton-Hicks contractions
- practice contractions
- false labor pains
- 先陣争い
- competition (rivalry) to first (e.g. rider in a charge)
- competing for first place
- 西陣織り
- Nishijin silk fabrics
- Nishijin brocade
- 反対陣営
- opposing side
- opposite camp
- opposition
- 背水の陣
- last stand
- having burnt one's boats
- (fighting) burning one’s bridges behind
- 微弱陣痛
- hypotonic contractions (during labor (labour))
- uterine inertia
- weak labor
- weak labour
- slow labor
- slow labour
- 陣頭指揮
- taking command of a corps in a battle
- command exercised by the leader of a group
- 陣を張る
- to pitch camp
- to set up camp
- 陣を敷く
- to encamp
- to take up a position
- 陣中見舞
- visiting soldiers at the front to provide comfort
- visit to (gift for) persons hard at work as a sign of support
- - 初陣。
- Uijin (first battle)
- 陣内貴美子
- Jinnai Kimiko (h) (1964.3.12-)
- 堀秀治陣跡
- Horihideharujin'ato
- 陣幕久五郎
- Jinmaku Kyuugorou, 12th sumo grand champion
- Kyugoro JINMAKU
- 大坂冬の陣
- winter campaign of the siege of Osaka (1614 CE)
- Osaka Fuyu no Jin (Winter Siege of Osaka)
- 大坂夏の陣
- summer campaign of the siege of Osaka (1615 CE)
- Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka)
- 魔方陣行列
- magic square (matrix)
- 論陣を張る
- to take a firm stand
- to argue about
- make a strong case
- 陣中見舞い
- visiting soldiers at the front to provide comfort
- visit to (gift for) persons hard at work as a sign of support
- 陣痛促進剤
- labor-inducing drugs
- 島津忠恒出陣
- Participation of Tadatsune SHIMAZU in battle
- 函館市陣川町
- Jinkawa-cho, Hakodate City
- 幕府軍の出陣
- Departure of the Army of the Bakufu
- 陣屋町臨港駅
- Jinyachourinkou Station (st)
- Jin'yamachirinkou Station (st)
- 陣山工業団地
- Jinyama Industrial Park
- 島津義弘陣跡
- Shimaduyoshihirojin'ato
- 徳川家康陣跡
- Tokugawaieyasujin'ato
- 鍋島直茂陣跡
- Nabejimanaoshigejin'ato
- 柏原藩陣屋跡
- Kaibarahanjinyaato
- 前田利家陣跡
- Maedatoshiiejin'ato
- 毛利秀頼陣跡
- Mourihideyorijin'ato
- 木村重隆陣跡
- Kimurashigetakajin'ato
- 木下利房陣跡
- Kinoshitatoshifusajin'ato
- 木下延俊陣跡
- Kinoshitanobutoshijin'ato
- 片桐旦元陣跡
- Katagiritangenjin'ato
- 福島正則陣跡
- Fukushimamasanorijin'ato
- 仙台藩陣屋跡
- Sendaihanjinyaseki
- 生駒親正陣跡
- Ikomachikamasajin'ato
- 石田三成陣地
- Ishidamitsunarijinchi
- 名誉ある退陣
- honorable withdrawal
- honourable withdrawal
- honorable retreat
- honourable retreat
- 伊達政宗陣跡
- Datemasamunejin'ato
- 陣を立て直す
- to redeploy troops
- 会津藩の陣所。
- It was the camp of the Aizu domain.
- 京都出陣と東征
- The army's departs Kyoto for the east
- 大坂の陣死亡説
- The Theory that Ieyasu Died in the Siege of Osaka Castle
- 宇治川先陣の碑
- Uji-gawa Senjin-no-hi (Uji River Spearhead Monument)
- 長谷川秀一陣跡
- Hasegawahidekazujin'ato
- 徳川家康別陣跡
- Tokugawaieyasubetsujin'ato
- 戦闘陣地の前縁
- forward edge of the battle area
- 陣を立てなおす
- to redeploy troops
- 藩庁は櫛羅陣屋。
- The seat of government was Kujira jinya (regional government office)
- 藩庁は大溝陣屋。
- The government building of the domain was Omizo Jinya (the residence located in Omizo).
- 藩庁は堅田陣屋。
- The government building of the domain was Katata Jinya (the residence located in Katata).
- 居城は小室陣屋。
- The castle of the feudal lord was Komuro jinya (regional governmental office).
- 藩庁は山上陣屋。
- The seat of the domain was Yamakami-jinya (regional government office).
- 藩庁は柳生陣屋。
- They established a government building of domain called Yagyu jinya.
- 藩庁は宮川陣屋。
- The seat of the domain was Miyagawa-jinya (regional government office).
- 居城は小泉陣屋。
- Its castle for a daimyo (a feudal lord) was called Koizumi Jinya.
- 陣田我王トンネル
- Jindagaou tunnel
- 徳川家康最初陣地
- Tokugawaieyasuuijinchi
- そこを本陣とした。
- Nobunaga used it as his headquarters.
- 土田町(西陣学区)
- Tsuchida-cho (Nishijin school district)
- 藩庁は仁正寺陣屋。
- The government building of the domain was Nishoji Jinya (the residence located in Nishoji).
- 山鹿流陣太鼓と装束
- Yamaga style Jin-Daiko and costume
- 臨兵闘者皆陣裂在前
- nine cuts mudra (mudra: hand posture which forms a part of Hindu prayer)
- exorcism-purification spell
- 桜井寺、天誅組本陣跡
- Sakurai-ji Temple, the site of the headquarters of Tenchu-gumi
- 「伊達政宗最上陣覚書
- Masamune DATE Mogamijin Oboegaki (Masamune DATE memorandum on the Battle of Mogami)
- 佐野藩 - 佐野陣屋
- Sano Domain: Sano Jinya
- 鯖江藩 - 鯖江陣屋
- Sabae Domain: Sabae Jinya
- 多くは本陣を経営した。
- Many of them managed Honjin (the headquarters).
- 陣屋門が移築現存する。
- The gate of jinya was relocated and exists today.
- 藩庁は味舌陣屋である。
- The government building was called Mashita Jinya.
- 荘内藩ハママシケ陣屋跡
- Shounaihanhamamashikejinyaato
- 戦闘隊形は陣立ともいう。
- Battle array is also called jindate.
- 将門もこれに応じて出陣。
- In response, Masakado also prepared for battle.
- これを「鈎の陣」という。
- This battle is called 'Magari no jin'.
- また、本陣を東寺に置いた。
- He had his army headquarters at To-ji Temple.
- 大野や奥野は第二陣であった
- Ono and Okuno being in the second troop
- 藩庁は朽木谷城(朽木陣屋)。
- Its government building was Kutsukidani-jo Castle (Kutsuki Jinya (regional government office)).
- 「東国太平記」「会津陣物語」
- Togoku Taiheiki' and 'Aizujin Monogatari'
- 将門は100騎を率いて出陣。
- Masakado headed for battle with 100 horsemen.
- 藩庁は三上陣屋(城主大名)。
- The government building of the domain was in Mikami jinya (regional government office) (governors of castles).
- 堀氏越後国椎谷藩1万石 陣屋
- The Hori clan: Shiiya Domain, Echigo Province, assessed at 10,000 koku, with its jinya, official residence, allowed
- また、本陣備は他の備と異なる。
- Furthermore, the army headquarters sonae differed from other sonae.
- 廿一日政宗本陣を小山にうつす。
- On April 21, Masamune moved the headquarters to Oyama.
- 遠藤氏近江国三上藩1万石 陣屋
- The Endo clan: Mikami Domain, Omi Province, assessed at 10,000 koku, with its jinya, official residence, allowed.
- 畠山高政……総大将として出陣。
- Takamasa HATAKEYAMA - went to the front as the supreme commander.
- この際、五島純玄も出陣していた。
- Sumiharu GOTO also took part in the battle.
- 21日、秀吉は尾張に向けて出陣。
- On May 1, Hideyoshi left for the front in Owari Province.
- 東禅寺義長は敵本陣に突撃し戦死。
- Yoshinaga TOZENJI charged the opponent's headquarters and died there.
- 西陣郵便局 - 602-xxxx
- The Nishijin Post Office: 602-xxxx
- 山口氏:常陸国牛久藩1万石 陣屋
- The Yamaguchi clan: Ushiku Domain, Hitachi Province, assessed at 10,000 koku, with its jinya, official residence, allowed
- 藩庁は当初、三田城のち三田陣屋。
- Their government building was initially Sanda-jo Castle but was later chanted to Sanda jinya (regional government office).
- 現在陣屋跡には水堀が残っている。
- Mizubori (water-filled moat) still remains in the site of jinya (regional government office).
- 義仲が出陣し、義経軍と激戦となる。
- Yoshinaka fought a fierce battle with Yoshitsune's troops.
- 三好義興……前線総大将として出陣。
- Yoshioki MIYOSHI - went to the front as the front-line supreme commander.
- これを陣直(じんちょく)と呼んだ。
- It was called Jinchoku.
- - 陣屋・代官所を中心に形成された町
- the town formed around jinya (feudal lord's residence) or daikansho (district office)
- 本陣備の場合は1500名前後である。
- In the case of army headquarters sonae, there were about 1500 men.
- その後、陣屋も翌年7月に破却された。
- The jinya was also destroyed in August of the following year.
- 片桐氏:大和国小泉藩1万1千石 陣屋
- The Katagiri clan: Koizumi Domain, Yamato Province, assessed at 11,000 koku, with its jinya, official residence, allowed
- 京極氏丹後国峰山藩1万1千石余 陣屋
- The Kyogoku clan: Mineyama Domain, Tango Province, assessed at 11,000 koku, with its jinya, official residence, allowed.
- 滝川一益は関東地方へ出陣中で欠席した。
- Kazumasu TAKIGAWA was absent because he was at war in the Kanto region.
- 藩庁は山家陣屋(京都府綾部市広瀬町)。
- The government building for the domain was called Yamaga Jinya (now in Hirose-cho, Ayabe City, Kyoto Prefecture).
- 4月18日、ようやく景虎は信濃へ出陣。
- On April 18, Kagetora led his forces to Shinano at last.
- 景時は「大将が先陣なぞ聞いた事がない。
- Kagetoki reportedly said, 'Never have I heard of the commanding general leading in the vanguard.
- 政虎自身はこの間に、八幡原に布陣した。
- Meanwhile, Masatora himself arranged his forces in Hachimanbara in a battle formation.
- また、安倍勝宝も敵陣に切り込み戦死した。
- Katsutomi ABE also attacked the enemy encampment, and died in the battle.
- 武田征伐時には以下のような陣容であった。
- The army corps was formed as follows at the time of subjugation of Takeda.
- 秀満はやむなく森山に陣を構えて対峙した。
- Hidemitsu, out of options, drew up battle lines in Moriyama and prepared for the coming battle.
- 秀吉の本陣は山裾後方の宝積寺に置かれた。
- Hideyoshi's headquarters was set up at Hoshaku-ji Temple behind the mountain at its foot.
- 2月13日 山国隊1個小隊が京都を出陣。
- March 6: one small company from the Yamagunitai joins the army marching east from Kyoto.
- 義尚自らも出陣したが、膠着状態となった。
- Yoshihisa himself also went to the front, but the war bemace deadlocked.
- 6日朝、伊達政宗は国見山に本陣を置いた。
- In the morning of October 6, Masamune DATE set up the headquarters in Mt. Kunimi.
- 官政あるいは陣定に際して官奏が行われた。
- Kanso (submission of report to the Emperor) was performed on the occasion of Kansei (cabinet council held in Daijokan office) or Jin no Sadame (cabinet council held in Konoefu (Headquarters of Inner Palace Guards)).
- 風林火山の陣旗の始祖は武田信玄ではない。
- Shingen TAKEDA was not the first to use the battle flag of Fu-Rin-Ka-Zan.
- 21日、信長は陣払いして京都へ引き揚げた。
- On the 19th, Nobunaga withdrew to Kyoto.
- 小堀氏:近江国近江小室藩1万630石 陣屋
- The Kobori clan: Omi Komuro Domain, Omi Province, assessed at10,630 koku, with its jinya, official residence, allowed
- そして、そう言うや先陣となって駆け下った。
- Quickly, Yoshitsune rode down the hill at the front of his army.
- 崖を駆け下った義経らは平氏の陣に突入する。
- After successfully running down the hill, the Yoshitsune's army drove into the Taira battle formation.
- 9月1日、景虎は自ら兵を率いて北信濃へ出陣。
- On October 7, Kagetora advanced to the northern Shinano area, leading his forces by himself.
- 21日、秀吉は大坂を出陣し、岸和田城に入る。
- On the 20th, Hideyoshi left Osaka for the front and entered Kishiwada-jo Castle.
- 本陣備はその指揮下に複数の備を持つ事になる。
- The army headquarters sonae would have multiple sonae under its command.
- 20日、天誅組は天の辻に入り、本陣を定めた。
- On October 2, Tenchu-gumi entered Ten no Tsuji and established the headquarters.
- 2月3日、まず長可、忠正の先鋒が岐阜城を出陣。
- On February 3, 1582, the spearhead, Nagayoshi and Tadamasa, departed from Gifu-jo Castle at first.
- そして勝頼自身の軍勢1万5000余も出陣した。
- Katsuyori dispatched his own troop of about 15,000 soldiers as well.
- 新政府軍が陣所とし、眼下の伏見奉行を攻撃した。
- The new government's forces set up camp here and attacked the Fushimi magistrate's office that it overlooked.
- 一般に西陣織など織物産業が集中する地域である。
- More generally, Nishijin means the area where the textile industry including Nishijin-ori (Nishijin weaving) is concentrated.
- 慶応4年4月2日 (旧暦) 下総流山に陣を敷く
- April 2 1868, took up a position in Shimousa Nagareyama.
- 天皇方に参陣した源義朝のみが残り勢力は減少する。
- MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, who fought on the side of the Emperor, was the only survivor and the family power waned.
- 陣中で疱瘡にかかった純玄が、7月28日逝去した。
- Sumiharu, who had become infected with smallpox in his base, died on August 24.
- 午前7時に日本第9旅団は成歓の敵陣地を制圧する。
- At 7 AM, JIA the nineth brigade gained control of the enemy's camp in Seonghwan.
- 今出川通の大宮通と堀川通の間に西陣の史跡がある。
- There are historic sites of Nishijin on the Imadegawa-dori Street between the Omiya-dori and Horikawa-dori Streets.
- そして征夷大将軍の遠征時の本陣(本営)を指した。
- It also meant the headquarters of the seii taishogun when he was on expedition.
- 右大臣・藤原実資は陣定において、頼信を推薦した。
- FUJIWARA no Sanesuke, Minister of the Right, recommended Yorinobi at the Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council).
- 遺構として三の丸に建てられた陣屋の長屋門がある。
- Structural remnants include the Nagaya-mon gate of the jinya built on the site of Sannomaru.
- 一行は11日に生野の手前の延応寺に本陣を置いた。
- On October 11, they arrived at Eno-ji Temple, which lies just before Ikuno, where they put up their headquarter.
- 天誅組は代官所に火を放ち、桜井寺を本陣に定めた。
- Tenchu-gumi set the office on fire and made Sakura-ji Temple to be the headquarters.
- 3月20日、先陣の秀次勢は大坂を発し、貝塚に到着。
- On April 19, the vanguard Hidetsugu troops left Osaka and arrived in Kaizuka.
- 宗全は5月に評定を開き、五辻通大宮東に本陣を置く。
- Sozen held a strategic meeting in May, and placed his headquarters at Omiya higashi, Itsutsuji dori.
- これが初陣であった若き頼朝も殺されるはずであった。
- Young Yoritomo who had served in the battle for the first time, was supposed to be killed.
- これら陣形は基本的に備以上の部隊配置に反映される。
- Basically, these battle formations were reflected in the positioning of troops above sonae.
- 6月28日 隊士9人が隊長と奥州へ向け江戸を出陣。
- August 16: nine of the troop's regulars accompany the troop commander as he departs from Edo for the front in Mutsu province.
- なお、藩庁は陣屋であるが、家格は城主大名であった。
- Although the domain government was a jinya, the family status was equivalent to a castle-owning feudal lord.
- 本陣の向こうに設け、前面には食い違いの土手を築く。
- It was located on the opposite side of the headquarters, in front of which was a crisscross bank.
- - 歩兵隊4個大隊,砲兵組,御持小筒組などが参陣。
- The four battalions of infantry, artillery-groups, gojikodutsu-gumi etc. joined the war.
- 25日、大雨の中を幕府軍は蟹坂の陣へ攻撃を行った。
- On 19th, the army of bakufu attacked the camp at Kanizaka in a heavy rain.
- これに対し、官軍はその地形に沿う形で陣を敷いていた
- In that circumstances, the government army took up the battle formation along the geographical shape.
- 代わって参陣し活躍した弟の井伊直孝が藩主となった。
- His younger brother Naotaka II, who participated in Osaka no Eki on behalf of Naokatsu and played an active role, became the lord of the domain.
- 米騒動の影響を受け、世論は寺内内閣の退陣を求めた。
- Public opinion demanded resignation of the Terauchi Cabinet under the influence of rice riots.
- 藩庁として長岡(京都府長岡京市)に陣屋が営まれた。
- The jinya (regional government office) was run in Nagaoka (Nagaokakyo City, Kyoto Prefecture) as government building of domain.
- 県庁所在地は豊岡市で、豊岡藩陣屋跡が県庁舎となった。
- The prefectural capital was Toyooka City and the remains of Jinya (regional government office) of Toyooka Domain was used as the governmental building.
- しかし、その竹中重治は三木合戦の陣中で病死していた。
- However, Shigeharu TAKENAKA had already died in the camp for the war of the Miki-jo Castle
- 4月、景虎は善光寺奪回のため善光寺平北部に出陣した。
- In April, Kagetora led his forces to the northern area of Zenkojidaira to take back Zenko-ji Temple.
- その後、上館(新発田市)に陣屋を移して幕末に至った。
- Later, the family moved to Kamitate (Shibata City) and remained until the end of the bakufu.
- 享禄3年(1530年)、柳本賢治が播磨出陣中に死去。
- In 1530, Kataharu YANAGIMOTO died while departing for the front in Harima.
- ・註6:「或説ニ、此時、公ノ御陣幕ヲ奪取ラルト云フ。
- Note 6: 'One theory has it that Masamune's camp enclosures were taken away.
- 藩庁は柳本陣屋(現在の奈良県天理市柳本町黒塚古墳)。
- The seat of government was the Yanagimoto Jinya (present-day Kurozuka Tumulus, Yanagimoto-cho, Tenri City, Nara Prefecture).
- 10月4日、憲実も平井城を出陣して、一色軍を破った。
- On October 31, Norizane also went into battle from Hirai-jo Castle and defeated the Isshiki troops.
- 森民部丞は義弘を守って敵陣に斬り込み奮戦して討死した。
- Mori Minbu no jo protected Yoshihiro as they cut their way into the enemy battle lines, fighting fiercely until being killed in battle.
- 義弘は幕府軍の北側の陣へ斬り込み日本刀を振るって奮戦。
- He cut his way into the battle lines of the shogunal army on the north side of the city, striking left and right with his katana in fierce fighting.
- 本陣を金戒光明寺(京都市左京区黒谷町121)に置いた。
- MATSUDAIRA placed the headquarters at Konkaikomyo-ji Temple (at 121 Kurodani-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City).
- また、この戦いは、毛利輝元と吉川元長の初陣でもあった。
- In addition, this was the first battle in which Terumoto MORI and Motonaga KIKKAWA participated.
- これにより妻女山を、海津城と共に包囲する布陣となった。
- Consequently, his forces, together with Kaizu-jo Castle, became to enclose Saijo-san Mountain.
- …政宗は廿一日に白石の城を立ち、松川に陣を取たりける。
- Masamune left the Shiraishi-jo Castle on April 21 to set up the headquarters in Matsukawa.
- 陣(じん)は、朝廷において六衛府の武官が整列する場所。
- 'Jin' was a place where military officers of Rokuefu (six guard divisions) lined up in the Imperial Court.
- 信長は、この報復戦のために軍備を整えると北近江へ出陣。
- Nobunaga armed for this retaliation battle and moved up to Kitaomi.
- 忠光は朝比奈に狭山藩も出陣して義挙に加わるよう命じた。
- Tadamitsu commanded ASAHINA that Sayama Domain also go to the forefront and join the act of justice.
- 島津義弘は泗川新城を背に強固な陣を張り、伏兵を配置した。
- Yoshihiro SHIMAZU formed a strong battle formation with the New Sacheon Waeseong at its back and positioned ambush soldiers.
- 永禄3年(1560年)、大義名分を得た景虎は関東へ出陣。
- In 1590, gaining a legitimate reason, Kagetora led his forces to Kanto.
- 豊臣氏が大坂の陣で滅亡しているため、流通した期間は短い。
- Since the Toyotomi clan was extinguished at the Battle of Osaka, the coins were in circulation for only a short time.
- その後、年を越して月山富田城を望む京羅木山に本陣を移す。
- Soon after the New Year they relocated their headquarters to Mount Kyoragi, which overlooked Gassan Toda-jo Castle.
- 楠木軍は湊川の西側、本陣の北西にあたる会下山に布陣した。
- The Kusunoki army was deployed in Egenoyama, which was on the west side of Minatogawa and to the northwest of the headquarters.
- 艦船の砲弾は陣地の手前10メートルほどの海中に落下した。
- Cannon fire from the ships fell into the sea, about 10 meters short of the encampment.
- 政宗は桑折東下篭で梁川表を遠望した後、国見山へ着陣した。
- Masamune returned to the headquarters in Mt. Kunimi after taking a broad view of Yanagawa Omote at Koori Higashi Shimokago (桑折東下篭).
- 分部氏は三の丸に陣屋を構え、11代続き明治維新を迎えた。
- The Wakebe clan set up the jinya (regional government office) at the Sannomaru, and the clan lasted for 11 generations to enter the Meiji Restoration.
- 信長軍3万と家康軍8000は、長篠城手前の設楽原に着陣。
- Nobunaga's army of 3,000 soldiers and Ieyasu's army with 8,000 soldiers arrived at Shitaragahara in front of Nagashino-jo Castle.
- 藩庁として松山(奈良県宇陀市大宇陀区)に陣屋が置かれた。
- The Jinya (a regional government office) was placed in Matsuyama (Ouda Ward, Uda City, Nara Prefecture) as a government building of domain.
- 一方、秀吉は同年9月に毛利氏に出陣を命じ豊前へ向かわせた。
- On the other hand, Hideyoshi ordered the Mori clan to charge forward to Buzen in September of the same year.
- また、後から続く信長直率の軍団は以下のような陣容であった。
- The subsequent army corps directly commanded by Nobunaga was arranged as follows.
- 永禄元年(1558年)、晴信は和睦を無視して北信濃へ出陣。
- In 1558, Harunobu led his forces to the northern Shinano area, ignoring the peace treaty.
- また、九州の諸大名にも島津氏を支援するため出陣を要請した。
- He also asked the various feudal lords in Kyushu to support the Shimazu clan.
- 大坂城:大坂の陣で焼失、現在の遺構は江戸時代に造られたもの
- Osaka-jo Castle: Burned in the Siege of Osaka; the existing ruins date to the Edo period
- 時清の軍勢は幕府軍の陣を次々に打ち破るが力尽きて退却した。
- Tokikiyo's force smashed the camps of the shogunal army one after the other, but exhausted their strength and were forced to withdraw.
- 備の隊列順は概ね戦闘隊形(陣立)に組みやすい順で組まれる。
- Sonae's squad line up was arranged in the order that was convenient for organizing into most battle arrays (jindate (battle arrays)).
- また、備単体では魚鱗や鶴翼の様な陣形はあまり重視されない。
- Furthermore, battle arrays such as the fish scale and 'V' formations were not emphasized in individual sonae units.
- その後方に近臣を従えた徳川秀忠23,000が本陣を置いた。
- In its back were positioned the headquarters of 23,000 men of Hidetada TOKUGAWA accompanied by his trusted vassals.
- 8月、輝虎は信玄の飛騨国侵入を防ぐため、川中島に出陣した。
- In August, Terutora led his forces to Kawanakajima to prevent Shingen's forces from invading Hida Province.
- 翌17日に信忠は平谷に陣を進め、さらに翌日には飯田まで侵攻。
- On February 17, 1582, Nobutada moved his own camp to Hiraya, and on the next day, invaded Iida.
- なお、最初の八幡の戦いにも景虎自らが出陣したとする説がある。
- By the way, there exists the theory that Kagetora himself participated in the first battle of Hachiman.
- 本陣はそこから少し後方の六条に将軍足利義晴自らが陣をしいた。
- Shogun Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA established headquarters in Rokujo, which was at a small distance from the river.
- 11月8日、義満は馬廻2000余騎を率いて東寺に陣を構えた。
- On December 13, Yoshimitsu set up camp at To-ji Temple, with more than 2000 horsemen under his command.
- 標高446mの京都府道31号西陣杉坂線上に位置する峠である。
- It is located on Kyoto Prefectural Road 31 Nishijin-Sugisaka Line, at an altitude of 446 meters.
- 標高363mの京都府道31号西陣杉坂線上に位置する峠である。
- It is the pass located on Kyoto Prefectural Road 31 Nishijin-Sugisaka Line at an altitude of 363 meters.
- 一ノ谷の戦いで敗れた平氏は讃岐屋島に陣を構えて内裏を置いた。
- After losing the Battle of Ichinotani, the Taira clan set up their camp and held the Inner Court in Yashima, Sanuki Province.
- 佐々木高綱と梶原景季の「宇治川の先陣争い」はこのときのこと。
- This is where the 'Fight for the vanguard in Uji-gawa River' between Takatsuna SASAKI and Kagesue KAJIWARA occurred.
- 福島城へ釣瓶討ちに銃撃を加えた後、国見山へ帰陣した(註4)。
- He returned to Mt. Kunimi after shooting successively at the Fukushima-jo Castle (*4).
- 一方、信長到着の報を受けた武田陣営では直ちに軍議が開かれた。
- Meanwhile, the Takeda force held a war council a soon as they heard of the arrival of Nobunaga.
- 他に大敗の理由としては武田軍の陣形が崩れたことも挙げられる。
- Another reason behind the Takeda army's crushing defeats was that the battle formation of Takeda army collapsed.
- 乱戦の最中、手薄となった信玄の本陣に政虎が斬り込みをかけた。
- During the confused fight, Masatora rushed with a sword on the Shingen's main military base that had become poorly guarded.
- 一般には「大坂の陣(おおざかのじん)」と呼ばれることが多い。
- Generally it is often called, 'Osaka no Jin'.
- 大高の詫び証文が三島の旧本陣世古家に所蔵されて現存している。
- Otaka's written apology still exists at the Seko family, a former lodging, in Mishima.
- 頼徳らは仕方なく退いて、水戸に近い那珂湊を占拠して布陣した。
- Yorinori reluctantly backed down and occupied Nakaminato, which was near Mito, to line up.
- なお、足軽などが戦場で使用したのは陣鎌であり別のものである。
- Meanwhile, jingama which ashigaru (a common foot soldier) used in a battlefield was quite different from kusarigama.
- 大内軍は進軍し、豊前宇佐郡糸口原に布陣、大友方の出方を待った。
- The Ouchi army advanced, took up a position at Itoguchihara, Usa-gun County, Buzen, and waited to see how the Otomo side would react.
- 武田晴信と長尾景虎は、200日余におよぶ長期にわたり対陣した。
- The forces of Nobuharu TAKEDA and those of Kagetora NAGAO confronted for a period of as long as slightly more than 200 days.
- 秀吉は清水宗治の篭る備中高松城を包囲して毛利氏と対陣していた。
- Hideyoshi had been confronting with the Mori clan, while his troop had been enveloping the Takamatsu-jo Castle in Bicchu Province in which Muneharu SHIMIZU holed up.
- 江戸時代の軍学書には備単体での陣形の組み方を示したものがある。
- Among military science books from the Edo period, there are those that show how the battle arrays were organized within sonae units.
- 陣定(じんのさだめ)は、平安時代摂関政治の朝議の形式のひとつ。
- The Jin no Sadame was a type of privy council in use by regency governments during the Heian period.
- 良兼は高望王と将門の父の良将の像を陣頭におし立てて攻め寄せた。
- Yoshikane displayed the statues of Prince Takamochi and Yoshimasa, the father of Masakado, at the head of his army and closed in on Masakado's army.
- また、これらの陣屋の近傍には千種川水系が水運に利用されていた。
- Furthermore, in the vicinity of each of these jinya places, the Chikusa-gawa River water system was used for water transportation
- 宇治川の戦いで佐々木高綱に与えられ先陣の栄誉を勝ち取っている。
- Ikezuki was given to Takatsuna SASAKI, who was honored to be in the vanguard in the Battle of Uji-gawa River.
- 第4旅団は福山と都城街道・陣ヶ岳との二方面から通山を攻撃した。
- The 4th brigade attacked Tooriyama from the two sides of Fukuyama and of the Miyakonojo-kaido Road and Jingatake.
- 加茂砦には織田信忠が率いる美濃国、近江国3千兵が陣をはっている。
- In Fort Kamo, 3,000 soldiers from Mino Province and Omi Province headed by Nobutada ODA took up a position.
- 長泰の死後、後を継いだ平野長勝は、陣屋の構築などに尽力している。
- After Nagayasu's death, his successor Nagakatsu HIRANO worked on the construction of the jinya (regional government office).
- 信通は大和国興留に陣屋を構えたことから、ここに興留藩が立藩した。
- Nobumichi set up the jinya (regional government office) in Okidome, Yamato Province, leading to the foundation of Okidome Domain.
- 教康は陣を放棄して蟹坂へ後退し、大手軍はようやく播磨国へ入った。
- Noriyasu abandoned the camp and retreated to Kanizaka and the major army finally could enter the Harima Province.
- また、公武の宿泊、休憩のため問屋場、本陣、脇本陣などがおかれた。
- In addition, toiyaba (administration office), honjin (officially appointed inn), and waki honjin (sub-honjin) were established for court nobles and samurai to stay and rest.
- 18日、家康は先着していた秀忠と茶臼山陣城にて軍議を行っている。
- On 18th (the old calendar), Ieyasu held war councils with Hidetada, who had arrived before, in the Mt. Chausu-yama camp.
- なお、江戸城留め置きとされた大名も、その子が大坂に参陣している。
- However, children of the daimyo forced to stay in Edo Castle joined the war.
- 退陣する首相が重臣会議に出席した例は1934年の斎藤実しかない。
- Makoto SAITO in 1934 presents the only case in which a resigning Prime Minister attended a senior statesman conference.
- 難路をようやく越えて義経ら70騎は平氏の一ノ谷陣営の裏手に出た。
- Yoshitsune and his seventy cavalrymen determinedly crossed the steep path and showed up on the rear side of the Taira clan's militarily camp.
- さらに島津忠長を蹴散らし川内の泰平寺 (薩摩川内市)に本陣を置く。
- Hideyoshi further blew up Tadanaga SHIMAZU, and settled the headquarters of his army in Taihei-ji Temple of Sendai (Satsumasendai City).
- また、本軍とは別に大神鎮氏と林鎮治の300騎も鹿鳴越に陣を構えた。
- Separate from the main armies, 300 horsemen headed by Shigeuji OOGA and Shigeharu HAYASHI encamped at Kanagoe-toge pass.
- 先陣は甥の豊臣秀次、浦手・山手の二手に分かれて二十三段に布陣した。
- The vanguard was his nephew Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI, and 23 units were lined up in the sea side and the mountain side.
- 後詰の軍として本陣から北側、桂川の川勝寺に武田元光軍が陣をひいた。
- The army of Motomitsu TAKEDA was deployed as a reserve army in Senshoji along the Katsura-gawa River, which was north of the headquarters.
- 1333年(元弘2年/正慶3年) 播磨国の赤松円心が山崎に陣する。
- 1333: Enshin AKAMATSU in Harima Province set up a camp in Yamazaki.
- 尊氏軍は直義軍が箱根に布陣し、尊氏は竹ノ下前面の足柄峠に布陣する。
- Regarding Takauji's army, Tadayoshi's army took up their position in Hakone and Takauji took up his position at Ashigara-toge Pass in front of Takenoshita.
- そのため、後日の恩賞のため、参陣や軍功の事実を証する必要が生じた。
- Therefore participation in war or military exploits had to be proven for later rewards.
- そこから尼子軍の本陣を強襲したところ尼子勢は総崩れとなり敗走した。
- They stormed the troop headquarters of the Amago army from the top of Fubeyama, and the Amago army broke down and ran away.
- 3月24日 隊士に「魁」(さきがけ)の文字を冠した熊毛の陣笠配布。
- April 16: new bearskin caps with the character 'sakigake' (leading the charge) emblazoned on them are distributed to the troop's soldiers.
- 丹波路を進む満幸の軍勢は26日には内野から三里の峯の堂に布陣する。
- Departing from Uchino, Mitsuyuki's army advancing on Tambaji reached Mune no do (a temple or a shrine where Emperor Seiwa is enshrined) in Misato by January 28, 1392, and they lined up themselves.
- 終了後、職事公卿は射場で史に参内時とは逆に奏文を預けて陣座に戻る。
- After the completion of the ritual, Shikiji-kugyo (high ranked nobles engaged in submission of reports to the Emperor) would consign the sobun (reports approved by the Emperor) to Fuhito (the clerical officer) at the archery hall, who had once passed the sobun over to Shikiji-kugyo before the approval of the Emperor at the same archery hall, and return to Jin-no-za (their court set in Konoefu, headquarters of Inner Palace Guards).
- 後に近衛府の陣座の建物に公卿の会議の場が移されてそれが定番化した。
- Later, the conference site of Kugyo (high court nobles) was moved to the building which used to be the Jinza of Konoefu, and it became the standard.
- 3月23日に官軍は植木・木留を攻撃し、一進一退の陣地戦に突入した。
- On March 23, the government army attacked Ueki and Kitome, and entered a stationary position warfare.
- 勅使佐伯常人、阿倍虫麻呂の軍は6,000人余で河の東側に布陣した。
- About 6,000 soldiers of imperial messengers Tsunehito SAEKI and ABE no Mushimaro lined up at the eastern side of the river.
- 予想もしなかった方向から攻撃を受けた一ノ谷の陣営は大混乱となった。
- Since the Taira clan's army didn't expect an attack from this direction, the action created chaos in their military camp.
- ついで、8月平通盛・平経正が追討使として北陸に出陣する(『吉記』)。
- Following this, TAIRA no Michimori and TAIRA no Tsunemasa departed for Hokuriku as envoys for the search and kill expedition in September or October (August by the old lunar calendar) ('Kikki' (a diary by Tsunefusa YOSHIDA)).
- 旧京都中央電話局西陣分局舎〔京都市上京区油小路通中立売下る甲斐守町〕
- Office building of former Nishijin Branch of Kyoto Central Telephone Office [Kainokami-cho, Aburakoji-dori Nakadachiuri-sagaru, Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City]
- 武田晴信の北信濃への著しい勢力伸張に反撃すべく、長尾景虎は出陣した。
- To counterattack Takeda's forces whose power became increasingly more dominant in the northern Shinano area, Kagetora NAGAO led his forces to the area.
- 中川秀政は自ら陣頭に立って攻城に当たり、二の丸を破って本丸に迫った。
- Hidemasa NAKAGAWA fought in the front by himself, broke through Ninomaru and came close to the Honmaru.
- 同月9日、信長は武田征伐に当たって筒井順慶以下大和衆に出陣を促した。
- On March 13, Nobunaga urged Yamato-shu including Junkei TSUTSUI to join the army for the conquest of the Takeda clan.
- この攻勢は秀吉が小牧・長久手の戦いに出陣しようとした矢先に行われた。
- This attack was done just before Hideyoshi was going to leave for the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute.
- 南側を固めていた杉豊後守は義弘の死を知らされて敵陣に切り込んで討死。
- When Bungo no kami SUGI, who was reinforcing the south side of the city, was told of Yoshihiro's death, he cut his way into the enemy's formation and died in battle.
- また、斯波高経の軍は山の手から会下山に陣する楠木正成の背後に回った。
- The army of Takatsune SHIBA circled round from Yamanote to the rear of Masashige KUSUNOKI who had stationed his forces in Egenoyama.
- そして夏の陣直前に豊臣方から離れたため、戦後に罪には問われなかった。
- He did not suffer punitive action from the Tokugawa side later after the war because of his departure from the Toyotomi camp prior to the Summer Siege.
- 若狭野の陣屋跡地には紙幣関係業務を実施した役所の建物が現存している。
- In the former jinya site in Wakasano, the office building where paper money-related jobs were done still exists.
- 2月12日に武蔵・上野の農民が渋谷がいる岩鼻陣屋に向かって進撃した。
- On March 5, 1868 (表記の変更), the peasants from Musashi and Kozuke Provinces advanced toward Iwahana jinya (regional government office), at which Shibuya worked.
- 博多湾西部から上陸した兵は、麁原(現在の祖原山)、別府に陣を構えた。
- The soldiers having disembarked at the western part of Hakata Bay took a position at Sohara (now Mt. Sohara) and Beppu.
- 有名なところではカンナエの戦い(陣形図など当該記事が詳しい)がある。
- One of the famous examples is the Battle of Cannae (whose details including a formation chart are available in the relevant section).
- これに対し村田新八率いる薩軍も人吉城二ノ丸に砲台陣地を設け対抗した。
- The Satsuma army led by Shinpachi MURATA fought back by setting up a battery in Ninomaru (the second compound) of Hitoyoshi-jo Castle.
- 11日、雷撃隊は水俣の間近まで兵を進め、大関山から久木野に布陣した。
- On May 11, the Raigeki-tai troop advanced close to Minamata, and set up a battle formation from Mt. Ozeki to Kukino.
- 9月5日、中山忠光が吉村寅太郎らに再度合流して天の辻の本陣へ帰った。
- On October 17, Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA joined Torataro YOSHIMURA and others again, and came back to headquarters of Ten no Tsuji.
- 10月9日、広嗣軍1万騎が板櫃河(北九州市)に至り、河の西側に布陣。
- On November 6, 10,000 horsemen of the Hirotsugu army arrived at Itabitsuchin (Kitakyushu City) and lined up at the western side of the river.
- 11月初め、陣代山内政綱がようやく京より帰国し観音寺城の防備を固めた。
- Jindai (a role), Masatsuna YAMANOUCHI finally came back from Kyoto and built up the defenses of the castle, in the beginning of November.
- 陣屋町(じんやまち)とは、かつての日本における都市形態のひとつである。
- Jinyamachi was one of the former Japanese city forms.
- '足軽隊を出した後、武藤宗右衛門やその配下の者どもが敵陣に駆け入った。
- 'After sending out ashigarutai (foot soldier units), Soemon MUTO and his subordinates rushed into the enemy line.
- 手工業では綿織物が発達し、伝統的な絹織物では高級品の西陣織が作られた。
- In the handicraft industry, production of cotton fabrics was developed, while luxury Nishijin brocades were made in the traditional textile manufacture of silk products.
- 9日、上洛し朝廷工作を開始するが、秀吉の大返しの報を受けて山崎に出陣。
- On July 12, he went up to Kyoto and commenced political maneuvering toward the Imperial Court, but having received a report on Hideyoshi's ogaeshi (long distance return in short time) took the field to Yamazaki.
- 11月になると毛利軍は月山富田城の近くに陣を敷き、持久戦に持ち込んだ。
- In November, the Mori army occupied a position near Gassan Toda-jo Castle to engage in a war of attrition.
- 梁川城は江戸時代になって廃城となり、その後梁川藩の陣屋として使われた。
- The Yanagawa-jo Castle was abolished in the Edo period and was later used for jinya (regional government office) of the Yamagawa Domain.
- そのため、こうした公卿達による国政議定の会議を陣定・陣儀などと称した。
- For that reason, the conference for agreement on state affairs by those Kugyo was referred to as 'Jin no sadame' or 'Jingi.'
- 同年5月、大和国出陣中の一色義貫と土岐持頼が義教の命により誅殺された。
- In June of the same year, Yoshitsura ISSHIKI and Mochiyori TOKI who had gone into battle to the Yamato Province were killed as criminals by Yoshinori' order.
- これは両翼のどちらかが敵陣を迂回突破することで勝利を見出す戦術である。
- The formation is a tactics for victory in which either wing makes a detour and breaks through the enemy lines.
- 数的劣勢に立たされていた武田軍が取った布陣は翼包囲を狙った陣形だった。
- Takeda's cavalry which was outnumbered drew lines of battle in the shape of two flanking wings that surrounded the enemy.
- しかし、平氏は壕をめぐらし、逆茂木を重ねて陣を固めて待ちかまえていた。
- However, the Taira clan army had firmed up their battle formation by digging trenches around them and constructed several layers of Sakamogi (fence made of thorny or steeple branches to prevent the entry of an enemy) fences, and commenced to wait.
- 城下町・陣屋町において、武士が居住する武家屋敷・侍屋敷が集まってできた町
- town inside the Jokamachi and Jinyamachi, formed with those samurai houses like bukeyashiki (samurai mansion) and samurai yashiki (samurai resident) gathered
- 織田信長軍は有馬から山崎までの広範囲に布陣して長期化の様相となってきた。
- Troops of Nobunaga ODA took up position in a wide area spreading from Arima to Yamazaki and the war seemed to be becoming a prolonged war.
- 四万十川を挟んで東西に陣取った両軍は、まず長宗我部方の挑発ではじまった。
- The battle between the two armies stationed on the east side and west side of Shimanto-gawa River was started by the provocation of the Chosagabe army.
- 義久も出陣し、財部城(鹿児島県財部)を攻めたが落とすことはできなかった。
- Yoshihisa also went into battle and attacked Takarabe-jo Castle (Takarabe, Kagoshima Prefecture) but couldn't capture it.
- 26日にはいまひとつの居城亀山城 (丹波国)に移り、出陣の準備を進めた。
- On May 26, he moved to another residential castle, Kameyama-jo Castle (Tanba Province) and made preparations for departure to the front.
- 「侍」としての「武士」には、「平家物語」の一ノ谷の戦いで先陣争いを演じた
- The 'bushi' as a 'samurai' fought on the front lines during the Battle of Ichinotani in 'The Tale of Heike.'
- 対立が高じて合戦になり、同年11月、将門は兵1000人を率いて出陣した。
- The conflict escalated and, in November of that year, Masakado led an army of 1,000 warriors into battle.
- 将門は兵を召集するが形勢が悪く集まらず、僅か兵400を率いて陣をしいた。
- Masakado tried to gather his army, but he was at a disadvantage and could only gather 400 soldiers.
- 家康は大坂夏の陣で戦死してその後の1年間は影武者であったとする説もある。
- There is also a theory that Ieyasu died in the Summer Siege of Osaka Castle and that an imposter took his place for one year.
- 翌7日伊達軍は国見山に津田景康の部隊を残して陣払いし、北目城へ帰城した。
- On the following day of October 7, leaving the troops of Kageyasu TSUDA in Mt. Kunimi, the Date army withdrew and returned to Kitame-jo Castle.
- 城の兵力の大半は関ヶ原の戦いに出陣しており、守備兵力は2800人であった。
- The majority of the castle's forces had been sent away to fight in the battle of Sekigahara, leaving the garrison's strength at 2800 men.
- なお、百姓は戦時においては小荷駄などを運搬する陣夫役を負担する者とされた。
- Hyakusho in wartime was regarded as a person who bore compulsory service in wartime for transporting provisions.
- 毎週日曜日午前7時より、道の駅道の駅くつき新本陣で「日曜朝市」が行われる。
- The Sunday Morning Market is held at seven in the morning every Sunday in the Kutsuki Shinhonjin, a Michi-no-Eki, or Roadside Station (a roadside rest area where one can take a rest, purchase local food and products, and get local information).
- また、黒田孝高、羽柴秀長、神子田正治らが天王山(標高270m)に布陣した。
- Also, Yoshitaka KURODA, Hidenaga HASHIBA and Masaharu MIKODA took up their positions on Mt. Tennozan (270 m high).
- また複数の備を編成する場合、本陣備以外の備は重臣が士大将となり指揮を執る。
- In cases where multiple sonae were organized, a senior vassal became the samurai daisho and took command of the sonae except for the army headquarters sonae.
- 家康は6月18日に伏見城を出発し、江戸城を経て7月下旬に下野国小山へ着陣。
- Ieyasu left the Fushimi-jo Castle on June 18 and arrived in Oyama, Shimotsuke Province in the late July by way of the Edo-jo Castle.
- 伊達軍は21日本陣を小山に移し、25日瀬上を経て26日の暁に松川に達した。
- The Date army moved its headquarters to Oyama on April 21 and arrived in Matsukawa on April 26 after passing through Senoue on April 25.
- 陣屋を置いていた福本村及び隣村の粟賀村は同地域の政治経済の中心地であった。
- Fukumoto-mura, where the jinya was located, and neighboring Awaga-mura were the political and economic center of the region.
- 大坂の陣の際は十津川郷士千人が徳川方となり、近隣の豊臣派の一揆を鎮圧した。
- In the Siege of Osaka, 1000 samurai from Totsukawa area supported the Tokugawa side and suppressed uprisings in neighboring provinces of Toyotomi faction.
- 陣屋は、新宮藩当時から引き続いて新宮(現・たつの市新宮町新宮)に置かれた。
- Its jinya was also placed in Shingu (present Shingu, Shingu-cho, Tatsuno City) since the time of the Shingu clan.
- 額の堂(がくのどう)は、戦国時代 (日本)、陣営における設備の名称である。
- Gakunodo is a name for a facility inside an armed camp during the Sengoku period.
- 先手とは先陣・先鋒という意味であり、戦闘時には徳川氏の先鋒足軽隊を勤めた。
- Sakite meant van or spearhead, and served as ashigaru-tai (foot soldier units) of the spearhead of TOKUGAWA clan in battles.
- 石見国安濃郡吉永(島根県大田市)周辺で1万石を領有し、吉永に陣屋を構えた。
- It had been located around Yoshinaga, Ano-gun, Iwami Province (current Ota City, Shimane Prefecture) with 10,000 koku of rice, and jinya (regional government) had been settled in Yoshinaga.
- 信玄は善光寺平南端の塩崎城まで進出するが決戦は避け、2ヶ月に渡り対陣する。
- Shingen advanced his forces up to Shiozaki-jo Castle at the southern end of Zenkoji-daira, but avoided fighting a decisive battle and both forces remained confronting each other.
- しかしながら、武田信玄は決戦を避けて塩崎城に布陣し、にらみ合いで終わった。
- However, Shingen TAKEDA placed his forces in Shiozaki-jo Castle and avoided fighting a decisive battle, and therefore, both forces ended in a confronting state.
- 上皇方に参陣した為義は乱後に死罪となり、為義の子の源為朝は流罪に処せられた。
- Tameyoshi, who fought on the side of the retired Emperor, was executed after the War and his son, MINAMOTO no Tametomo was banished.
- これを追う北条勢も甲斐に入り若神子に着陣、新府城の家康勢と対峙した(6日)。
- The pursuing army of Hojo also entered Kai and encamped in Wakamiko, where they confronted the army of Ieyasu in Shinpu-jo Castle (September 2).
- 7月12日、要所に陣取った毛利軍は攻撃を開始し城内の兵も果敢に立ち向かった。
- On July 12, the troops of the Mori clan, which had taken their stand at a strategically critical point, started the attack, and the soldiers in the castle resisted with great bravery.
- 更に同日、大垣城にいた秀吉は大岩山砦等の陣所の落城を知り、直ちに軍を返した。
- Furthermore, that same day, Hideyoshi at Ogaki-jo Castle sent his forces back immediately after receiving the news of the fall of Oiwayama Fort and several of his other camps.
- 義仲の出陣と入れ替わるように、関東に派遣されていた使者・中原康定が帰京する。
- Immediately after Yoshinaka departed, NAKAHARA no Yasusada, the envoy who had been dispatched to Kanto region returned to Kyoto.
- 2月28日、河尻秀隆は信長から高遠城を攻略のために陣城を築けとの命を受ける。
- On February 28, 1582 Hidetaka KAWAJIRI was ordered by Nobunaga to build a castle as an armed camp in order to attack Takato-jo Castle.
- 上杉政虎は、8月15日に善光寺に着陣し、荷駄隊と兵5000を善光寺に残した。
- Masatora UESUGI and his forces arrived at Zenko-ji Temple on September 23, and made transportation corps and 5,000 soldiers stay at Zenko-ji Temple.
- 5日、淀藩への入城を拒絶された(下記参照)幕府軍は淀千両松に布陣するも惨敗。
- On January 29, the Shogunate forces, which were refused entry to the castle of the Yodo domain (see below), set up camp in Yodo-Senryomatsu, but were severely defeated.
- 宮中の侍臣、官人に職務上の怠慢や失錯があったとき、殿上口や近衛陣に監禁した。
- If court staff or officers neglected their duties or made a mistake, they were held at the entrance of the court or guard offices.
- 尊氏は勅状を得ないまま出陣し、後醍醐天皇は尊氏に追って征東将軍の号を与える。
- Takauji went to the front without obtaining the emperor's authorization, but Emperor Godaigo later conferred the title of seii taishogun on Takauji.
- 第2次桂内閣が条約改正の成功を機に退陣すると、政権は再度西園寺に回ってきた。
- After the second Katsura Cabinet resigned in the wake of the success of treaty revision, SAIONJI had the second chance to come to power.
- - 本陣に次ぐ武士や公家の宿泊施設だが、空いているときは一般旅行者も泊めた。
- It was accommodations for samurai and court nobles that were secondary to honjin, but lodged civilian travelers when rooms were available.
- これらを加えて幕府の討伐軍は更に強大な布陣を敷き天狗党の前に立ちはだかった。
- In addition to Yoshinobu, the punitive force of Tenguto lined up a larger and stronger army against Tenguto.
- 『平家物語』にも義経は北方の山の手鵯越方面の盛俊の陣に攻撃を仕掛けたとある。
- 'Heike Monogatari' also writes that Yoshitsune started to attack the camp of Moritoshi who was guarding the Hiyodorigoe side on the hilly section of the city in the northern direction of the Ichinotani region.
- ところがこの最中、茂山に布陣していた柴田側の前田利家の軍勢が突如戦線離脱した。
- However, in midst of this fighting, the army led by Toshiie MAEDA on the Shibata side, deployed on Mt. Shige, abruptly left the front lines.
- 信玄は、24日に兵2万を率いて善光寺平西方の茶臼山に陣取って上杉軍と対峙した。
- Leading 20,000 soldiers, Shingen set up his military base on Chausu-yama Mountain in the west of Zenkoji-daira on the October 2, confronting UESUGI's forces.
- 西陣(にしじん)とは京都府京都市上京区から北区 (京都市)にわたる地域の名称。
- Nishijin refers to the area covering Kamigyo and Kita Wards in Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 軍忠状(ぐんちゅうじょう)とは、中世日本において、参陣や軍功などを証する書類。
- Gunchujo were documents that proved participation in battles and other military exploits in medieval Japan.
- 東征大総督有栖川宮熾仁親王の京都出陣に伴い、山国隊に1小隊東征の指令が下った。
- Following Imperial Prince Taruhito ARISUGAWA, who was Tosei Daisotoku (great leader who journeys east), who led his army out of Kyoto, one small company from the Yamagunitai received orders to accompany the prince eastwards.
- 前線において哨兵の時、また大将の本陣を警衛する時、雨露をしのぐのに用いられた。
- It was used as a shelter from the rain for a sentry at the front-line or when guarding the headquarters of Daisho (Major Captain).
- 武田方が攻めてくる前提で陣城を築き鉄砲を大量に配置したことは理にかなっていた。
- It was logical that he built the field fortification where his army was based and deployed a large number of gunners, foreseeing the advancement of the Takeda force.
- 慶長20年(1615年)大坂の役大坂夏の陣において真田信繁(幸村)が編成した。
- It was formed by Nobushige SANADA (Yukimura) in the Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka) of Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka) in 1615.
- また、文禄元年(1592年)からの文禄・慶長の役では、肥前国名護屋城に在陣した。
- In the Bunroku Keicho Campaign (started in 1592), he set up his camp at Nagoya-jo Castle in Hizen Province.
- 晴信も旭山城の後詰として川中島へ出陣し、犀川 (長野県)を挟んで両軍は対峙した。
- Harunobu as well led his troops to Kawanakajima to support the forces in Asahiyama-jo Castle, and both forces became to confront across the Sai-gawa River (in Nagano Prefecture).
- こののち、両軍は遼陽と奉天(現・瀋陽)の中間付近を流れる沙河の線で対陣に入った。
- After this battle, the respective armies established a front along the Saka river flowing between Liaoyang and Fengtian (present-day Shenyang).
- その後、忠恒は、野之美谷と志和地の間の森田に陣を築き、志和地城を兵糧攻めにした。
- Afterward, Tadatsune set camp in Morita between Nonomitani and Shiwachi, and laid siege to Shiwachi-jo Castle.
- 細川高国軍は、主力として鳥羽から鷺の森辺まで川沿いに隙間無く一文字に陣をしいた。
- The army of Takakuni HOSOKAWA deployed their main force in a line along the river from Toba to Saginomori leaving no space between soldieres.
- その様な複雑な陣形を無理に維持する事は機動力を失わせる事になり、現実的ではない。
- Forcefully maintaining such a complex battle formation would lead to a loss of mobility, and it would not be realistic.
- やがて、山を降りて東大寺東大寺金堂に本陣を移し、ここを拠点に多聞山城を攻撃した。
- After some time, they came downhill and moved their headquarters to the main hall of Todai-ji Temple, from where they attacked Tamonyama-jo Castle.
- 一気に陣営がやせ細ってしまった義貞は、兵庫まで兵を退いて体制の立て直しを図った。
- Yoshisada, whose forces had dwindled rapidly, pulled his troops back to Hyogo and attempted to regroup.
- 1894年時点での居留地取締掛の職員は、外国人4人、日本人13人の陣容であった。
- As of 1894, the personnel of the Kyoryuchi torishimari kakari included four foreign and thirteen Japanese police officers.
- 天誅組は下館藩の飛び地である白木陣屋にも使者を送り、銃器武具を差し出させている。
- Tenchu-gumi sent an envoy to the Shiraki-Jinya regional government office which was an enclave of Shimodate Domain and had the office donate firearms to Tenchu-gumi.
- 純玄は軍役担当に従って兵700を出陣させ, 五島八郎兵衛盛長を城代留守役に命じた。
- Sumiharu sent 700 soldiers according to the military role allocated to him, and assigned Hachirobe Morinaga GOTO as Jodai (the keeper of castle) and rusuyaku (the proxy governor).
- 2月28日に信長は淡輪に本陣を進め、同日中野城は織田方の誘降工作に応じて開城した。
- On March 27, Nobunaga progressed the headquarter of the army to Tannowa, and on the same day, Nakano-jo Castle surrendered, accepting the recommendation of surrender by the Oda side.
- 謙信はこの時、信玄よりも先に陣を敷き海津城を攻める事も出来たが攻める事は無かった。
- On this occasion, Kenshin could have set up his military base before Shingen and could have attacked Kaizu-jo Castle, but he did not do it.
- 美濃守護の土岐頼益は大内攻めの陣にいたが、直ちに美濃へ引きかえして詮直を打ち破る。
- At that point, the shugo of Mino, Yorimasu TOKI, was at the camp of the army fighting against Ouchi's forces, but immediately returned to Mino and smashed Akinao's army.
- 杉豊後入道は機制を制して舟で尼崎市に上陸して八幡の陣を突き決戦することを主張した。
- Bungo Nyudo SUGI advocated that they seize the opportunity they had been given and travel by ship to Amagasaki City, where they could launch a surprise attack against the army at Hachiman and fight one great battle where all would be decided.
- 6月(盗賊討伐への出陣、武具乗馬の借用、出陣の命令系統と心得、武具・馬具の名称)、
- June: Departure for the subjugation of robbers, borrowing of weapons and horses, knowledge of departure for battle and of the chain of command, and nomenclature of weapons and harness
- 初陣(ういじん)は日本における武士階級の子弟が初めて戦闘行為に参加することをいう。
- Uijin is the first battle that young people in the Japanese samurai hierarchy participated in.
- 一方、六角義賢は慈照寺の北、勝軍地蔵山城へ攻め入り、三好軍を挟撃する布陣で臨んだ。
- Meanwhile, Yoshitaka ROKKAKU attacked the Shogun Jizo San-jo Castle which was located in the north of Jisho-ji Temple; Takamasa and Yoshitaka took a pincer movement.
- 城主格大名とは国許の屋敷が陣屋である大名のうち、城主に準ずる待遇城主格大名の優遇例
- A joshukaku daimyo was a daimyo whose residence in his hometown was a jinya, but who was treated like a joshu daimyo; which is an example of preferential treatment of a daimyo without a castle as joshu daimyo.
- そのため劣勢を挽回し、教興寺で両軍が対陣する時点では逆に三好方が優勢となっていた。
- As a result, Miyoshi's side rectified its numerical inferiority, and when Hatakeyama and Miyoshi confronted at Kyoko-ji Temple, Miyoshi's side had the upper hand.
- だが、信長はこの地を戦地に選定し、小川・連吾川を堀に見立てて防御陣の構築に努める。
- Nobunaga nevertheless chose Shitaragahara as the battle field, and proceeded to construct a defense camp, using the stream (Rengo-gawa River) as moat.
- その間に持豊配下の兵士が「陣立」と称して洛中の土倉・質屋を襲撃して財物を強奪した。
- During that time, soldiers under Mochitoyo attacked doso (underground warehouse) and pawnshops in the capital and robbed properties calling it as a 'battle array.'
- 上杉輝虎(上杉政虎が、永禄4年末に、将軍義輝の一字を賜り改名)は川中島に出陣した。
- Terutora (輝虎) UESUGI (awarded a character of shogun Yoshiteru (義輝), Masatora UESUGI changed his name toward the end of 1561) led his forces to Kawanakajima.
- 8月31日、政府は大隈と民権陣営が結託した上での陰謀と断じて大隈の追放を決定した。
- On August 31, the government determined that Okuma and supporters of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement cooperated on the dark plot, and thus decided the banishment of Okuma.
- 9月27日、今川勢は持氏方の軍勢を撃破して足柄山を越え、上杉持房も箱根の陣を破る。
- On October 25, the Imagawa side defeated Mochiuji' troops and crossed over Mt. Ashigara, while Mochifusa UESUGI also beat the camp settled in Hakone.
- 純玄は夫人との間に子がなかったので、陣中で五島家承統を早速にも決せねばならなかった。
- Because Sumiharu did not have any children with his wife, the successor of the Goto family had to be determined in camp.
- 天皇の勅旨を奉じた職事蔵人は太政官の陣定に赴いて上卿に対してその内容を口頭で伝えた。
- When the shikiji kurodo received the imperial edict, he took it to the jin no sadame (Council of State deliberation) and verbally conveyed it to the shokei.
- 応其は高野重宝の嵯峨天皇の宸翰と空海手印の文書を携え、宮郷に在陣中の秀吉と面会した。
- Ogo met Hideyoshi who was in camp at miyago, bringing the shinkan (imperial letter) of the Emperor Saga and Kukai's handprint documents which were the important treasures of Koyasan.
- 京方は美濃と尾張国の国境の尾張川に布陣するが、少ない兵力を分散させる愚を犯していた。
- The capital faction formed defensive battle lines along the Owari river, the provincial borders of Mino and Owari (part of modern-day Aichi Prefecture), unwisely dispersing their already outnumbered forces.
- 杉備中守は今日が最後の戦いになると覚悟し、山名満氏の陣に突撃して見事な討死を遂げた。
- Bicchu no kami SUGI resigned himself to the reality that this day would be his last battle, and threw all his strength into an assault on the camp of Mitsuuji YAMANA, achieving a spectacular death in battle.
- 三河に帰り光秀を討とうと出陣し、熱田神宮まで来たが山崎の戦いの報を聞き、引き返した。
- After coming back to Mikawa Province, he departed to kill Mitsuhide, but when he arrived at the Atsuta-jingu Shrine, he heard about the Battle of Yamazaki and went back.
- 追討使の中原成道は消極的で、関東へ向かう途上、母親の病を理由に美濃国で滞陣している。
- The tsuitoshi, NAKAHARA no Narimichi was inactive and his army stayed in Mino Province on the way to Kanto because his mother was sick.
- そして雨の中、二股の横平山の砲兵陣地から田原坂一帯に未だかつてない大砲撃を開始した。
- In the rain, the government army made unprecedented heavy artillery attack from the artillery position on Mt. Yokohira in Futamata toward the whole area of Tabaru Slope.
- 川中島の戦いの最終戦である第五次合戦は、永禄7年(1564年)、塩崎の対陣とも言う。
- The fifth and final battle of Kawanakajima was fought in 1564, and is also called the confrontation at Shiozaki.
- 商業的な宿泊施設ではなく、その地の富裕者の邸宅が本陣として指定されることが多かった。
- It was not accommodations for commercial purposes, and residences of the wealthy in the area were often appointed as honjin.
- また、西陣織・京焼に代表される工芸品の生産地として商工業に大きな影響力を与えていた。
- It was also the production center for fine crafts, represented by Nishijin textile and Kyo-yaki ceramics, giving great influence in commercial and industrial activities in Japan.
- 天誅組は吉村寅太郎らを軍使として狭山藩の陣屋へ送り、藩主北条氏燕との面会を申し出た。
- Tenchu-gumi sent Torataro YOSHIMURA and others to the regional government office of Sayama Domain as a herald and requested a meeting with the lord of the Sayama Domain Ujiyoshi HOJO.
- 同日根来衆と合流して18日に泉佐野市、22日には志立(信達・現泉南市)に本陣を移した。
- On the same day Negoro shu joined the army and Nobunaga moved the headquarter of the army to Izumisano City on the 17th and to Shidachi (Sennan City at present) on the 21st.
- すると一条家への義を感じる土豪がつぎつぎと参陣し、その兵力はたちまち3500に達した。
- Then the local clans who felt indebted to the Ichijo clan joined the army one after another, and the number of troops rose to 3,500 quickly.
- また、朝鮮の役で出陣した忠恒らの遠征軍に対して、国元からの補給が満足に行われなかった。
- Moreover, the domain failed in sending sufficient supplies to the troops that Tadatsune led during the Korean invasion.
- 天王寺口は本多忠朝ら16,200が展開し、その後方に徳川家康15,000が本陣を置く。
- Tadatomo HONDA troop was deployed at Tennoji-guchi and the headquarters of 15,000 soldiers of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was positioned in its back.
- 裏門には吉田兼亮(槍)、小野寺秀和(槍)、間光延(槍)が陣取り、裏門隊の指揮をとった。
- Kanesuke YOSHIDA (spear), Hidekazu ONODERA (spear) and Mitsunobu HAZAMA (spear) took up positions at the back gate and commanded the party.
- 1615年の大坂夏の陣で豊臣氏に内通した嫌疑をかけられて改易され、信雄が再び入封する。
- But Takaharu was punished by being deprived of his rank or fief due to the suspicion of secret communication with Toyotomi clan in the Summer Siege of Osaka in 1615, and Nobukatsu reentered Yamato Province and Kozuke Province.
- 2月4日、搦手義経軍は、播州・三草山の平資盛、平有盛らの陣に夜襲を仕掛けて敗走させた。
- On March 24, 1184, the Karamete troops of Yoshitsune's army started a night attack upon the military camps of TAIRA no Sukemori and TAIRA no Arimori on Mikusa-yama Mountain in Banshu (Harima Province) and forced the Taira clan to retreat.
- これに対して細川高国、大内義興連合軍は2万-3万兵で如意ケ嶽を取り込むように陣をひいた。
- To cope with them, the allied forces of Takakuni HOSOKAWA and Yoshioki OUCHI of twenty to thirty thousand men camped around Mt. Nyoigatake.
- その後織田信長も有岡城と猪名川を挟んだ古池田(池田城)に本陣地を移して有明城を攻囲した。
- After that, Nobunaga ODA also moved his headquarters to Koikeda (Ikeda-jo Castle) facing Arioka-jo Castle across the Ina-gawa River and seiged Arioka-jo Castle.
- その後、宗治ら4人は秀吉から差し向けられた小舟に乗って秀吉の本陣まで漕ぎ、杯を交わした。
- Subsequently, Muneharu and three others boarded the boat sent by Hideyoshi, rowed to his headquarters, and had a drink together.
- また、能勢の領地は累代の居城であった丸山城を廃して地黄陣屋を置き幕末に至るまで統治した。
- Also, Maruyama-jo Castle, that had been a residential castle for the Nose clan for generations, was replaced with Jio jinya (residence for small clans) in the territory in Nose, which continued to be ruled by the Nose clan until the end of Edo period.
- 水飲対陣跡を過ぎれば、眺望も開け、やがて、京福電気鉄道鋼索線のケーブル比叡駅に到着する。
- After passing 'Mizunomi-taizin-no-ato (a historical battle site),' the area opens up to beautiful scenery before soon arriving at Cable Hiei Station of Keifuku Electric Railroad Kosaku Line.
- 動員された駄馬と人夫(陣夫・夫丸ともいう)を荷宰料(足軽)、小荷駄奉行(侍)が管理する。
- Mobilized horses and laborers (also called jinpu or 夫丸) were managed by 荷宰料 (person in charge of provision delivery) (ashigaru) and konida bugyo (samurai).
- また関東を行軍中、彼らの熊毛の陣笠姿を見て河童隊と呼んだ人がいたというエピソードがある。
- Moreover, while marching to the Kanto, the distinctive appearance of their bearskin military caps led some to begin calling them the Kappa Corps (kappa were mythical water goblins with distinctive heads).
- この時、伊達政宗は羽黒山麗に本陣を構えていたが、片倉景綱を呼び、福島城中の様子を問うた。
- At this time, Masamune DATE had set up the headquarters at the foot of Mt. Haguro and called Kagetsune KATAKURA to ask the situation in the Fukushima-jo Castle.
- 父・政宗の大坂冬の陣参陣の功によって与えられた宇和島に別家を立て独立、国主大名となった。
- He established a bekke (branch family) independently in Uwajima which was awarded to his father, Masamune, in recognition of his contribution of joining the Osaka Fuyu no Jin (Winter Siege of Osaka), and he became a kokushu-daimyo (a daimyo with his own domain).
- 周辺には彦根藩、大垣藩、桑名藩、尾張藩、犬山藩の大軍が陣を敷き、天狗党を待ち受けていた。
- Then, a large allied force of Hikone Domain, Ogaki Domain, Kuwana Domain, Owari Domain and Inuyama Domain lined up there and was waiting for Tenguto.
- 大藩の家老は大名並みに1万石以上の石高を有し、自身の知行地に城や陣屋を持つものもあった。
- Some Karo officers in large domains were provided with 10,000 koku or more of rice crop and possessed a castle or jinya in their own territories.
- これは、『吾妻鏡』『玉葉』『平家物語』の義経が一ノ谷の陣を攻略したという記述と矛盾する。
- This contradicts with the depictions of Yoshitsune capturing the Ichinotani camp in the books of 'Azuma Kagami,' 'Gyokuyo,' and 'Heike Monogatari.'
- そして自らの影響下にある京都市協議会名義で大会ごとに意見書を提出、本部批判の論陣を張った。
- Then, in the name of the Kyoto City Council, which was under the influence of Asada himself, he submitted a written opinion in each meeting and put out an argument to accuse the headquarter.
- 10月、尊氏は九州で勢力を拡大する直冬追討のために出陣すると、京都では直義が都を出奔する。
- In October, Takauji set out with his forces to attack Tadafuyu in Kyushu, who was increasing his power, and meanwhile, Tadayoshi escaped from Kyoto.
- また本陣備の場合、大名を護衛する騎馬隊は馬廻と呼ばれ、騎馬隊の中でも最精鋭の部隊であった。
- Moreover, in the case of army headquarters sonae, the cavalry guarding the daimyo was called umamawari (horse guards), and it was the most elite cadre within the cavalry.
- 備の戦闘隊形は西洋のテルシオやテルシオテルシオへの挑戦などの陣形と異なり厳密な操典はない。
- Sonae's battle array was unlike the western-style tercio (Spanish square) or tercio to tercio attack formation in that there were no strict rules.
- 折りしも義仲は西走した平氏追討のため、10月初頭から播磨へ出陣しており、京に不在であった。
- Yoshinaka was not in the capital at that moment because he had gone to Harima since the beginning of October to search for and kill Taira clan on the run towards Saigoku.
- そのため、それら全般指揮を執るためのものと本陣備自体を指揮する二つの指揮系統が必要となる。
- Therefore, it became necessary to have two systems of command with one taking the overall command and one commanding the army headquarters sonae itself.
- 元晴は大坂の陣においても徳川方として奮戦し、戦後は高力忠房と共に大坂方の残党狩りを務めた。
- Motoharu also fought with the Tokugawa camp in the Siege of Osaka and served after the war in hunting down survivors of Osaka (Toyotomi) side, together with Tadafusa KORIKI.
- 別働隊として明石全登300、全軍の後詰として大野治長・七手組の部隊計15,000?が布陣。
- Takenori AKASHI troop of 300 men as an independent troop and Harunaga ONO's nanategumi (seven groups) troop of 15,000 men as a rear-guard troop of the whole army were positioned.
- 5日、家康は住吉から茶臼山に本陣を移し、8日までに到着した部隊にも仕寄の構築を命じている。
- On 5th Ieyasu moved the headquarters from Sumiyoshi to Mt. Chausu-yama and ordered troops that had arrived by 8th to construct shiyori (the old calendar).
- この日の晩、諸将の諌めを押し切り、明朝、西郷は自ら陣頭に立ち、官軍と雌雄を決しようとした。
- In the night of the same day, SAIGO overpowered admonishments by his military commanders and determined to stand at the front and take command of the Satsuma army by himself in the next morning to fight a decisive battle with the government army.
- この時に桐野は平岩、村田新八は富高新町、池上は延岡に、順次北方に陣を構えて諸軍を指揮した。
- On this occasion, from the south to the north in order, KIRINO placed his troop in Hiraiwa, Shinpachi MURATA in Tomitaka-shinmachi, and IKEGAMI in Nobeoka, and commanded the troops respectively.
- 江戸時代の藩・知行所における陣屋、もしくは天領における代官所などを中心に形成された町である。
- Jinyamachi was formed around jinya (feudal lord's residence) in the feudal domain and chigyosho (sub-fief) or daikansho (district office) in Tenryo (shogunal lands) during the Edo period.
- 自らは兵13000を率いて更に南下を続け、犀川・千曲川を渡り善光寺平南部の妻女山に陣取った。
- Leading 13,000 soldiers, he continued going further southward, crossed the Sai-gawa River and the Chikuma-gawa River, and set his front military base on Saijo-san Mountain in the southern part of Zenkoji-daira.
- 数年はここに陣屋を構えたが備中国阿曽(現:総社市阿曽)に移ったため備中高松城は廃城となった。
- After holding jinya (regional government office) in Bitchu Takamatsu-jo Castle for several years, they moved to Azo, Bitchu Province, now Azo, Soja City, leaving the castle deserted.
- 勝元は今出川邸の自邸に本陣を置き、6月には義政に要請して牙旗を授与され、官軍の体裁を整えた。
- Katsumoto located the headquarters in his own residence at Imadegawa, and in June at his request Yoshimasa conferred him with a gaki (flag with an ivory ornament at the top symbolizing the emperor or the shogun), which gave his troops an appearance of a regular government army.
- 7月23日 (旧暦)には東大寺の戒壇である戒壇院が炎上し、松永軍はその焼け跡に陣地を構えた。
- On September 6, Kaidan-in, the Buddhist ordination platform of Todai-ji Temple, was burnt, and the Matsunaga troops encamped on its ruins.
- 池田利隆・忠継兄弟の幕下の大坂の陣で戦功を挙げ、尼崎藩1万石を与えられ大名に取り立てられた。
- He served with distinction in the Osaka no Jin (The Siege of Osaka) as a makushita (retainer of the shogun) of the Toshitaka and Tadatsugu IKEDA brothers, and he was promoted to a daimyo of the Amagasaki Domain with 10,000 koku.
- 城主格大名は国許の陣屋を城に転換することが許されず、実際には城門の構築を許されるのみであった
- A joshukaku daimyo was not allowed to convert his jinya to a castle, actually allowed to build only a castle gate.
- 大溝陣屋(おおみぞじんや)は滋賀県高島市高島勝野(近江国高島郡)にあった大溝藩の藩庁である。
- Omizo jinya was a regional government office of the Omizo Domain located in Takashimakatsuno, Takashima City, Shiga Prefecture (Takashima County, Omi Province).
- 戦国大名に仕えた黒鍬は小荷駄隊に属して、陣地や橋などの築造や戦死者の収容・埋葬などを行った。
- Kurokuwa serving daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku period belonged to konidatai (caravan of men and animals carrying supplies) and engaged in constructing encampments, bridges and so on, and recovering and burying persons killed in war.
- 鵯越は平家本陣である福原・大輪田の泊に最も近かったため、宗盛は安徳天皇を奉じて海上へ逃れた。
- Since Hiyodorigoe was the closest fortress to the headquarters of the Taira clan in Fukuwara, and Owada no Tomari, Munemori followed Emperor Antoku and escaped to the ocean.
- 立場の悪化を自覚した義仲はすぐに平氏追討に向かうことを奏上し、後白河は自ら剣を与え出陣させた。
- Realizing that the situation was getting worse, Yoshinaka reported to the emperor that he was leaving to search and kill the Taira clan, and Goshirakawa had him depart by giving him a sword.
- 先頭に立って陣頭指揮をとった氏直は、矢が馬に当たり転落し、徒歩で戦ったが、矢疵を受けて倒れた。
- Ujinao was at the front and commanded the army, but when an arrow shot his horse, he fell from the horse and fought on foot, then collapsed from an arrow wound.
- 武家屋敷が建ち並び、また陣屋に関わる武士等を相手に商売を営む商工業者が集まり発展した町である。
- Jinyamachi developed into a town as a number of bukeyashiki (samurai mansions) stand and those engaged in commerce and industry gathered there to trade with samurai and others who were working at the jinya.
- なお、江戸時代における城下町の多くは、藩庁が置かれていたため、広義では陣屋町の一種ともいえる。
- Since many of Jokamachi (towns below the castle) in the Edo period had hancho (feudal lord's office) therein, those Jokamachi can be categorized as a kind of Jinyamachi in a wide sense.
- これを受けて、隆景は3月1日に自ら出発の準備を行い、まもなく隆景率いる毛利水軍が出陣してきた。
- Then, Takakage prepared to leave by himself on May 31, 1585, and the Mori navy led by Takakage left for the front.
- 松永軍は多聞山城に再度入り、三人衆・筒井軍は興福寺大乗院の裏山である大乗院山などに陣を構えた。
- MATSUNAGA's troops reentered Tamonyama-jo Castle, and the three men and Tsutsui's joint legion encamped on the Mt. Daijoin behind Daijoin of Kofuku-ji Temple.
- 戦国時代 (中国)、王に代わって指揮を取る出先の将軍が張った陣地を幕府と呼んだことに由来する。
- It originated in China during the period of Warring States; where the general who took command in place of a king was called bakufu.
- 以下の城を除く城地での築城は許されず、これらの城地以外は中世以来の城郭であっても陣屋とされた。
- It was not allowed to build a castle in places other than those castle sites listed below, and even those places where castles had existed since the medieval period (the Kamakura and Muromachi periods) were designated as jinya:
- 近衛府・兵衛府・衛門府が陣座(じんざ、杖座(じょうざ)とも)に詰めて交替で上番・勤務を務めた。
- Officers of Konoefu (the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards), Hyoefu (Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guards), Emonfu (Headquarters of the Outer Palace Guards) stood by in Jinza (court, also referred to as Joza) to work on rotating shifts.
- また、信長はこの合戦の直前、参陣しない細川幽斎や筒井順慶などへ鉄砲隊を供出するよう命じている。
- Just before this battle, Nobunaga moreover ordered Yusai HOSOKAWA and Junkei TSUTSUI who did not take part in the battle to provide teppo units for the battle.
- しかしながら、直江景綱・柿崎景家らが反対したにもかかわらず謙信はあえて陣を敷いたともいわれる。
- It is said that even though Nobutsuna NAOE and Kageie KAKIZAKI opposed stationing there, Kenshin daringly set up his military base there.
- 人吉防衛のため球磨川付近に布陣していた淵辺率いる鵬翼隊6個中隊(約600名)も佐敷を攻撃した。
- The six companies (about 600 strong) of the Hoyoku-tai troop led by FUCHIBE, which had set up a battle formation around the Kuma-gawa River to defend Hitoyoshi, also attacked the government army in Sashiki.
- 門を叩き壊す音が『仮名手本忠臣蔵』で陣太鼓を打ち鳴らす音に変わったのではないかといわれている。
- It is assumed that the noise of breaking the gate was changed to the noise of banging the jin-daiko in 'Kanadehon Chushingura.'
- そこで、義経軍は播磨国・三草山の平資盛、平有盛らの陣に夜襲を仕掛けて撃破する(三草山の戦い)。
- Once there, Yoshitsune's army executed a night attack, destroying the military camps of TAIRA no Sukemori and TAIRA no Arimori, who were on Mikusa-yama Mountain in Harima Province (Battle of Mikusayama).
- 10日に家康は府中の留守を鳥居元忠ら2,000に任せ新府城に陣を移し、徳川方は8,000となる。
- On the sixth, Ieyasu moved his camp to Shinpu-jo Castle, entrusting Fuchu to 2,000 soldiers led by Mototada TORII, which made the army of Tokugawa 8,000 in total.
- ここですかさず、長宗我部方の第二陣に控えていた福留儀重の騎馬隊が、川の上流に向かって駆けだした。
- At the moment the Chosokabe army took the opportunity to send the second unit, the cavalry led by Norishige FUKUDOME, which started to run upstream.
- 関ヶ原の戦いでは長束正家は西軍に属し、関ヶ原に布陣していたが戦闘には参加できず水口城に敗走した。
- At the Battle of Sekigahara, Masaie NATSUKA joined the West Camp but was unable to participate in the battle and fled to Minakuchi-jo Castle.
- しかし、後世の史料であるが「庄内陣記」には義弘・忠恒が共謀し義久が同意を与えたという記述がある。
- However, although it was written later, 'Shonai Jinki' (Shonai war chronicle) has an entry stating that Yoshihiro and Tadatsune had conspired together while Yoshihisa gave his consent to the plan.
- 後白河の近臣としては他にも、藤原成親(藤原家成の三男)や源師仲が加わり院政派の陣容も整えられた。
- Goshirakawa's other close vassals included FUJIWARA no Narichika (FUJIWARA no Ienari's third son) and MINAMOTO no Moronaka, who joined the Insei (cloister government) faction and began making military preparations.
- 一方、信長は29日に秀吉の応援に自ら出陣するため小姓を中心とする僅かの供回りを連れ安土城を発つ。
- On the other hand, on May 29, Nobunaga departed from Azuchi-jo Castle with a small suite, mainly consisting of pages, to the front in order to support Hideyoshi.
- 元禄11年(1698年)、堀田正高が堅田1万石に封じられて堅田に陣屋を設置して堅田藩が成立する。
- In 1698, when Masataka HOTTA was appointed to the lord of the Katata of 10,000 koku, he established Jinya (regional government office) and then the Katata Domain.
- 今日此表ニ而者三百餘人、此内馬上百騎計討捕、福嶋之虎口江追入、無残所手際ニ而、國見江打返陣取候。
- Today, we killed 300 soldiers including 100 horsemen and returned to the headquarters in Mt. Kunimi without any regret after pushing the enemy into the entrance of the Fukushima.
- 根来衆と組んで小牧・長久手の戦いでは大阪周辺にまで出兵して尾張国に出陣した秀吉の背後を脅かした。
- In the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, Saikashu dispatched troops as far as around Osaka in cooperation with Negoroshu, and threatened the rear of Hideyoshi as he went to the front in Owari Province.
- また十河氏・長宗我部氏にも豊後へ出陣させ大友氏と合流、島津氏の豊後侵攻軍と正面衝突することとなる。
- He also made the Sogo clan and the Chosokabe clan charge forward to Bungo, and they joined the Otomo clan against Shimazu's army sent to invade Bungo.
- なお、大牟礼山/大村山は「おおむれさん」と読み、大内軍の陣があったことから戦闘名としても使われる。
- 大牟礼山 and 大村山 (Mt. Omure) read 'Omure san', which was also used as the battle name because the OUCHI army pitched camp there.
- 慶長19年(1614年)12月、大坂冬の陣に乗じて奥熊野の地侍・山伏らが蜂起し、新宮城を攻撃した。
- In December, 1614, jizamurai, yamabushi (a mountain priest) and others at Okukumano started a riot, seizing the opportunity of Osaka Fuyu no Jin (Winter Siege of Osaka), and attacked the Shingu-jo Castle.
- その後、朽木氏は交代寄合として遇されて、独自の陣屋を持つことを認められて大名に準じる扱いを受けた。
- Later, the Kutsuki clan was treated as kotaiyoriai (alternate yoriai, a family status of samurai warriors in the Edo period), which was similar to daimyo, and was granted the right to own their own jinya.
- 6月5日、武田信光率いる東山道軍5万騎は大井戸渡に布陣する大内惟信率いる京方2000騎を撃破した。
- On the fifth day of the sixth month, the 50000-strong shogunal army marching along the Tosando, led by Nobumitsu TAKEDA, routed 2000 riders of the capital faction that were commanded by Korenobu OUCHI and had been drawn up in battle formation at Oidowatari.
- 天誅組の本陣は桜井寺(現在の五條市須恵、本陣交差点の近く)に置かれ、一時「五條仮政府」を名乗った。
- The base of tenchu-gumi was placed in Sakurai-ji Temple (currently Sue, Gojo City near Honjin Crossing), and they temporarily named themselves 'Gojo Provisional Government.'
- しかしながら、17日に光秀は接待役を途中解任されて居城坂本城に帰され、秀吉援護の出陣を命ぜられた。
- However, Mitsuhide was dismissed midway from the marshal on May 17 and made to return to his residence, Sakamoto-jo Castle, and was ordered to deploy to the front in order to support Hideyoshi.
- 今井児童公園-織田信長公本陣跡があったが第二次大戦の空襲による火事を回避するため取り壊したとの事。
- town=>Town
- この時点で俘囚3人が陣営に来て、雄物川以北を朝廷の直接支配が及ばない「己地」となすことを要求した。
- At that point three Ifu visited the base of the imperial forces and demanded that the regions to the north of the Omono-gawa River be out of the direct influence from the Imperial Court and be called 'kochi (己地).'
- 時行軍は女影原など各地で鎌倉将軍府の軍勢を撃破、鎌倉から出陣して時行軍を迎撃した足利直義をも破る。
- Tokiyuki's force defeated the army of the Kamakura shogunfu at various places including Onakagegahara, and defeated the army of Naoyoshi ASHIKAGA which came from Kamakura in order to intercept Tokiyuki's force.
- なお、1回目については近江国栗太郡鈎(まがり)(滋賀県栗東市)に陣が布かれたことから、鈎の陣とも。
- In addition, the first campaign was also called Magari no Jin because a position was taken up in Magari, Kurita County, Omi Province (Ritto City, Shiga Prefecture).
- この敗報を聞いた信長は、すぐさま諸国へ陣触れを発したが、突然のことであるために兵の集結が遅かった。
- Hearing of this loss, Nobunaga immediately ordered his armies in each district to go to the front but the troops were long coming because of the short notice.
- また、この協定によって同年に日露協約を締結した日本は三国協商陣営の事実上の一員に加わることになる。
- Japan also concluded the Japanese-Russian Treaty in the same year and joined the Triple Entente.
- 家康は12月2日 (旧暦)、茶臼山を、以降は各将の陣を視察し、仕寄(攻城設備)の構築を命じている。
- On December 2 (the old calendar) Ieyasu inspected the Chausu-yama camp, followed by the camp of each general's and ordered them to construct shiyori (faculities for attacking a castle).
- 一方に火傷が現れた場合には「失あり」とされ、当該の取手及びその陣営の虚偽とみなされて敗訴となった。
- If only one of the torite suffered a scald, he would be regarded as 'at fault,' and the torite and his party would be considered to be making a false claim and lose the suit.
- 19日、平野国臣が天誅組の本陣がある桜井寺に入り、平野は当初の目的を忘れて天誅組に同調してしまう。
- On October 1, Kuniomi HIRANO entered Sakura-ji Temple where the headquarters of Tenchu-gumi was located; Hirano forgot his original purpose and came to agree with the thoughts held by Tenchu-gumi.
- さらに岩崎山に陣取っていた高山右近を攻撃、右近も支えきれずに退却し、木ノ本の豊臣秀長の陣所に逃れた。
- They further attacked Ukon TAKAYAMA, who had taken up his position on Mt. Iwasaki; he was also unable to withstand the attack and retreated to the camp of Hidenaga TOYOTOMI at Kinomoto.
- 勝頼を追う織田信忠は高遠城陥落の翌日、本陣を諏訪に進め、武田氏の庇護下にあった諏訪大社を焼き払った。
- To pursue Katsuyori, Nobutada ODA moved his army to Suwa on the day after the fall of Takato-jo Castle and burned down Suwa-taisha Shrine, which was under the protection of the Takeda clan.
- 南山は旅順要塞のような本格的要塞ではなかったが堅固な陣地で、第二軍は死傷者4,000の損害を受けた。
- Although Nanzan was not as fortified as the Lushun Fortress, it was a heavily defended position, and the Second Army received 4,000 casualties in taking it.
- 「西陣」の名は応仁の乱で西軍総大将である山名宗全が堀川よりも西に陣をおいたとされたことが由来である。
- The word 'nishijin' (literally meaning 'a camp in the west') originated from the Onin no Ran (Onin War) in which Sozen YAMANA, the Commander in Chief of the Western Army, set up a camp to the west of Horikawa.
- 4月に出雲に侵入したものの、赤穴城の攻略が3ヶ月と長くかかり、10月になって三刀屋峰に本陣を構えた。
- In May, they advanced into Izumo Province; however, as it took three long months to capture Akana-jo Castle they set up their headquarters in Mitoyamine in November.
- 左右近衛府の陣に公卿の座を設定し、大臣以下の公卿と四位の参議以上の議政官が出席して、政務を討議した。
- The council, which was limited to those of Kugyo status (the highest echelon of the court nobility), was established at the camp of the Left and Right Divisions of the Inner Palace Guard, and was open only to those Kugyo (noble) of Daijin (Grand Minister) status or lower and Sangi (Councilors) who held at least the court rank of Shii (Fourth Rank); at council sessions members would debate government affairs and policies.
- 西征日記(せいせいにっき)は、文禄・慶長の役の際、小西行長軍に従軍した妙心寺の外交僧天荊の陣中日記。
- Seisei Nikki was a camp diary written by Tenkei, a diplomat priest of Myoshin-ji Temple, who accompanied Yukinaga KONISHI's army during the Bunroku-Keicho War.
- このような状況の中、9月15日の関ヶ原の戦いにおいて徳川方(東軍)が勝利した旨の報告が各陣営に届く。
- Under such circumstances, each camp received the news that the Tokugawa (Eastern army) won the Battle of Sekigahara on September 15.
- ・註3:「今日本荘出羽、公押付ケ攻入玉フヘシ、御本陣へ突懸リ討死スヘシト議定シ、内冑ニ伽羅ヲ焼留メ。
- Note 3: 'Today, Dewa no kami HONJO was determined to die in the battle by rushing into the Date army and scented uchi kabuto (visor on an armor helmet) with eaglewood.
- 大坂の陣によって大打撃を受けるものの、江戸幕府はここを西国唯一の物流拠点と位置づけて再建を支援した。
- Although the city once suffered heavy damages during the Siege of Osaka, it recovered with the support of the Edo bakufu that positioned the city as the only center of commerce in the western Japan.
- 双方直ちに攻撃に打って出ることはせず、しばらくは陣地や砦を盛んに構築した(遺構がある程度現在も残る)。
- Neither side launched an attack immediately, focusing on building trenches and forts for a while instead (some structural remnants of that time still exist today).
- 国家の重大事などに際して専門家である官僚や学者に勘申を行わせて、太政官の陣定や院評定などの参考とした。
- In the event of a matter of national concern, the Imperial court ordered professional bureaucrats and scholars to submit Kanjin and used it as reference materials at Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council) of Daijokan (Grand Council of State) and/or In no hyojo (consultation under the government by the Retired Emperor).
- 第一陣が正面から渡河をするように突出すると、一条方は渡り終えたところに弓矢や鉄砲を浴びせんと後退した。
- When the first unit of the Chosogabe army advanced head-on into the river, the Ichijo army retreated in order to attack the enemy with arrows and bullets as they reached their side of the river.
- 武田信玄は、海津城の武田氏家臣・高坂昌信から政虎が出陣したという知らせを受け、16日に甲府を進発した。
- Hearing from Masanobu KOSAKA, a retainer of the Takeda clan at Kaizu-jo Castle, that Masatora left the base with his forces, Shingen TAKEDA made his forces depart from Kofu on September 24.
- 西側の橋本は遊郭のある宿場で、そこには土方歳三率いる新撰組の主力などを擁する幕府軍の本隊が陣を張った。
- The main units of the Shogunate forces, including the main force of the Shinsengumi led by Toshizo HIJIKATA, set up camp in Hashimoto, a posting station with a red-light district, to the west of the mountain.
- 結果、全般指揮を執る大名(総大将)の代わりに重臣の一部が本陣備の指揮を執る事になる(例図3武者奉行)。
- As a result, in lieu of the daimyo (sodaisho (commander-in-chief)) who took the overall command, some of the senior vassals took command of the army headquarters sonae (sample Figure 3, mushabugyo (warrior commander)).
- 清盛は内裏が戦場となるのを防ぐために六波羅に敵を引き寄せる作戦を立て、嫡男平重盛と弟・頼盛が出陣した。
- Kiyomori, in order to avoid turning the imperial palace into a battlefield, launched a strategy to lure his enemies to Rokuhara, and his eldest son and heir, TAIRA no Shigemori, as well as Kiyomori's younger brother, Yorimori, also fought in the battle.
- 福島城の城兵が危ういとみた梁川城守須田大炊は、阿武隈川を渡り、遮二無二政宗本陣を目がけて切り掛かった。
- Oii SUDA, a guard of the Yanagawa-jo Castle, who saw the Fukushima-jo Castle garrison in danger, crossed the Abukumagawa River and attacked the headquarters of the Masamune forces with his sword feverishly.
- 1871年時点での居留地見廻役の職員は、外国人20人(うち清国人が7人)、日本人41人の陣容であった。
- As of 1871, the personnel of the Mimawariyaku included 20 foreigners (of which seven were subjects of Qing China) and 41 Japanese.
- 翌年にシャノワーヌ大尉以下が着任し、はじめは横浜の太田陣屋で、数ヵ月後に江戸へ移って伝習が開始された。
- In the following year, officers including senior lieutenant Chanoine arrived, and firstly, the training commenced in Ota jinya (regional government office) in Yokohama City, and several months later, they transferred to Edo.
- 秀吉も直ちに兵を出し、3月19日 (旧暦)(5月10日)には5万といわれる兵力を率いて木ノ本に布陣した。
- Hideyoshi immediately sent in troops as well, and deployed his army, said to number 50,000, at Kinomoto on May 10.
- 7月19日、長尾軍が犀川を渡って戦いをしかけるが決着はつかず、両軍は200日余に渡り対陣することになる。
- On August 5, Nagao's forces crossed the Sai-gawa River to start fighting, but neither side won the battle decisively, making the confrontation state continued for slightly more than 200 days.
- まず、康長が先鋒として四国に入り、6月2日には信孝、丹羽長秀らによる本軍が大坂より出陣する予定であった。
- It had been planned that, at first, Yasunaga would enter Shikoku as a spearhead and, on July 1, the main body of troops led by Nobutaka, Nagahide NIWA, etc. would start from Osaka to go into battle.
- 光信は陣屋や武家屋敷の建設に尽力し、幕府においても大坂城本丸普請や比叡山延暦寺の造営奉行として活躍した。
- Mitsunobu made efforts in constructing jinya (regional government office) and samurai residence, and in the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), he also played an active role in constructing Honmaru (the keep of a castle) of Osaka-jo Castle and as Zoei Bugyo (Temple Administrator) of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei.
- また、政宗が陣を敷いた信夫山の黒沼神社のあたりは現在は信夫山公園として整備され、花見の名所となっている。
- Around the Kuronuma-jinja Shrine in Mt.Shinobu where Masamune set up the headquarters, the Shinobu-yama Park was built and has become a cherry blossom viewing spot now.
- この握手は、国際的連帯の成果として週刊『平民新聞』はもちろん、各国の社会主義陣営の機関誌等で報道された。
- This handshake was reported in the bulletins of the socialist camp of each country, needless to say in the weekly 'Heimin-shinbun', as a success of international solidarity.
- 鈴木章によると、その結果『平家物語』は、平氏の本陣は福原であるはずが一ノ谷であるかのように記述している。
- According to Akira SUZUKI, as a result, 'Heike Monogatari' stated as if the headquarters of the Taira clan were in Ichinotani even though it must have been in Fukuwara.
- 神戸市の歴史家落合重信は鵯越説を採り、義経は山の手(夢野口)の通盛・教経・盛俊の陣を攻略したとしている。
- Shigenobu OCHIAI, a historian of Kobe City, takes the Hiyodorigoe theory and explaines that Yoshistune captured the camps of Michimori, Noritsune, and Moritoshi on the hilly section of the city (Yumeno fortress entrance).
- が、明軍は漢城を捨てずに抗戦の構えを見せた為に、日本軍は冬季の内陸駐屯を避けて朝鮮南岸へ布陣して越冬した。
- However, because the Ming army did not leave Hansong and showed a willingness to fight back, the Japanese army did not stay inland in winter but took up their position on the southern coast of Korea and stayed there over the winter.
- 室町時代には出雲国を支配していた山名氏の傘下に入り、1391年には出雲守護山名満幸に従って明徳の乱に出陣。
- During the Muromachi period, the Misawa clan became affiliated with the Yamana clan, then ruler of Izumo Province, and accompanied Mitsuyuki YAMANA, who was a provincial constable of Izumo Province, to fight in the Meitoku War in 1391.
- 天正10年(1582年)3月15日 (旧暦)、秀吉はついに姫路城から備中へ向け2万の軍勢をひきつれて出陣。
- On April 17, 1582, Hideyoshi at last left Himeji-jo Castle for Bitchu in his departure for the front with his 20,000 soldiers.
- 同年2月、義経は阿波勝浦へ上陸後、在地武士を味方に引き入れて陸路屋島の平氏本陣を攻め落した(屋島の戦い)。
- In February, Yoshitsune landed at Kastuura in Awa Province and drew the local bushi to his side and defeated the Taira clan stronghold at Yashima (the Battle of Yashima).
- 事件は嘉永7年1月23日(1854年2月21日)丑の下刻、洲崎を警護する備前国岡山藩陣地への砲撃であった。
- The incident is said to have occurred at 2:30 a.m. on February 21, 1854, with the bombardment of an encampment in the Okayama Domain, Bizen Province that guarded Susaki.
- 将門の手許には1000人足らずしか残っていなかったが、時を移しては不利になると考えて、2月1日に出陣する。
- Masakado, realizing that his position would become weaker over time, departed for battle on February 1 with less than 1,000 soldiers.
- その陣容は、山手に根来衆と雑賀三組を先導役として佐久間信盛・羽柴秀吉・堀秀政・荒木村重・別所長治・別所重宗。
- The army of the mountain side consisted of Nobumori SAKUMA, Hideyoshi HASHIBA, Hidemasa HORI, Murashige ARAKI, Nagaharu BESSHO, Shigemune BESSHO with the spearhead army of Negoro shu and the Saiga three groups.
- 同日、先陣諸勢は泉南城砦群に接近したが、既に昼を過ぎていたことから即日攻撃か翌日に延期するかで議論になった。
- On the same day, some troops of the vanguard approached castles and forts of Sennan, but since it was afternoon, they began to dispute whether they should begin to attack on that day or the next day.
- 和装産業は京都を代表する産業であり、西陣はその中心地として繁栄したが、和装離れにより活気がやや失われている。
- The kimono industry has been one of the leading industries in Kyoto, and Nishijin prospered as the center of the industry; due to the declining demand for kimono, however, Nishijin has also started to decline slightly.
- また一手部隊の内訳は規模の大小の違いはあるものの旗本部隊の構成と大きな違いはない(本陣備は次項で解説する)。
- Furthermore, the breakdown of a te squad was not very different from the composition of hatamoto (banner men, a direct retainer of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun)) squad, even though there was a difference in their size (army headquarters sonae is explained in the next section).
- 天正18年(1590年)小田原の役がおこり、豊臣秀吉は小田原城を包囲し、関東、東北地方の諸氏に参陣を命じた。
- In 1590, when the Siege of Odawara occurred, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and his army, surrounding Odawara-jo Castle, ordered other clans in Kanto and Tohoku to join the battle.
- 砂金実常は数十騎を率いて羽黒山南麗に布陣し、福島町へ銃撃を加え、迎撃してきた上杉勢を福島城の中へ追い込んだ。
- Sanetsune ISAGO led several horsemen, took the position at the southern foot of Mt. Haguro to shoot the Fukushima town and cornered the counter-attacking Uesugi army into the Fukushima-jo castle.
- これらのうち、同国の全ての藩及び自ら陣屋を構えて領地経営を行っていた旗本のほぼ全てが藩札・旗本札を発行した。
- Of them, all of the clans and almost all of the Hatamoto who placed their jinya offices to manage their territories in the province issued Han-satsu or Hatamoto-satsu.
- また、5月 (旧暦)という梅雨の時期に、この日だけは何故か武田軍の本陣付近以外は晴れていたと伝えられている。
- Reportedly, it was clear on the day of the battle, albeit in July, the middle of the rainy season, except the area around the headquarters of the Takeda forces.
- 幕府の追討軍が送られてくるのは確実であり、忠光ら首脳部は協議の末、本陣を要害堅固な天の辻へ移すことを決める。
- It was certain that the hunt force of the bakufu would be sent; leaders including Tadamitsu had a conference, after which they decided to move the headquarters to Ten no Tsuji where the fort was stronger.
- さらに、鵯越は一ノ谷の遥か東方に位置するのに平氏本陣を見下ろせる場所と描写するなどの工夫を施しているという。
- Additionally, although Hiyodorigoe was located a far distance to the east from Ichinotani, Akira SUZUKI states that 'Heike Monogatari' created this idea to depict the setting as if the Minamoto clan could look down upon the headquarters of the Taira clan.
- 城主六角高頼、陣代山内政綱らは京都におり東西の戦闘に参加していたので、観音寺城の留守居役の伊庭行隆が迎え出た。
- The Rusuiyaku (guards of castles when the lords were absent) of Kannonji-jo Castle, Yukitaka IBA fought against him, because both the lord, Takayori ROKKAKU and the Jindai (representatives of lords), Masatsuna YAMANOUCHI were in Kyoto, fighting in the war.
- 四万十川河口部の西岸、栗本城に本陣を構えた兼定は四万十川に杭を打ち込ませ、地形を利用した迎撃の用意をはじめた。
- Kanesada established headquarters in the Kurimoto Castle on the west bank at the mouth of the Shimanto-gawa River, and prepared for the enemy's attack by planting stakes and utilizing the geography.
- なお、『甲陽軍鑑』には信玄が茶臼山に陣取ったという記述はなく、茶臼山布陣はそれ以後の軍記物語によるものである。
- By the way, no description exists in 'Koyo Gunkan' that Shingen set up his military base on Chausu-yama Mountain, and therefore, the setting-up of his military base on Chausu-yama Mountain is based on war tales written after 'Koyo Gunkan.'
- その後、しばらく伊勢国に滞在した義視は、勝元や義政に説得されて東軍に帰陣するが、再度出奔して比叡山にのぼった。
- After staying for some time in Ise Province, Yoshimi was persuaded by Katsumoto and Yoshimasa into returning to the Eastern camp, but he ran away again and went to Hiei-zan temple.
- 移動中の中川隊に斎藤利三隊の右側に陣取っていた伊勢貞興隊が襲い掛かり、それに呼応して斎藤隊も高山隊を猛襲した。
- Sadaoki ISE's corps, positioned to the right of Toshimitsu SAITO's, attacked Nakagawa's in transit, and in return Saito's staged a fierce raid on Takayama's.
- 第二次世界大戦後、「西陣新地」と名称を変え営業していたが1958年3月15日、売春防止法施行により廃止された。
- After World War Ⅱ, the town was renamed 'Nishijin Shinchi,' and prostitution continued for a while, but came to an end on March 15, 1958, when the Anti-Prostitution Law went into effect.
- 桂川 (淀川水系)・淀川・木津川 (京都府)の三川が合流する水路の要所として、徳川の信任厚い稲葉家が陣取った。
- The Inaba family, which was trusted by Tokugawa, set up a camp as a strategic point on the waterway where the three rivers of Katsura-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River system), Yodo-gawa River and Kizu-gawa River (Kyoto Prefecture) met.
- または、本陣備中の騎馬隊組頭が足軽組を(明確なものではないが)指揮下に置く事で備の戦闘指揮官を務める事になる。
- Or, the captain of the cavalrymen within the army headquarters sonae served as the battle commander of the sonae by placing the foot soldiers (although not clear) under his command.
- 因みに図1の徳川家康本陣備は中央に描かれていた単独の備である酒井左衛門尉備を除外し、家康直属部隊のみを示した。
- Incidentally, in Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's army headquarters sonae in Figure 1, the independent sonae of Saemon no jo SAKAI drawn at the center is omitted, and only the unit under the direct command of Ieyasu is shown.
- 伊達政宗は、福島表から国見山へ帰陣した際、摺上河原に諸将を召集し、屋代景頼に対してその武功を讃え酒杯を与えた。
- When Masamune Date returned to the headquarters in Mt. Kunimi from Fukushima Omote, he called generals to the riverside of the Surikami River to praise Kageyori YASHIRO for his military service and give a Japanese sake cup.
- 老蘇根来氏は、陣屋を構えていた老蘇のほかに、大和国宇智郡の領地においても札面が類似した様式の旗本札を発行した。
- In addition to Oiso, where the clan had jinya (a regional government office), the Oiso-Negoro clan issued Hatamoto-satsu with a similar surface format style, in its territory in Uchi County, Yamato Province.
- 大坂の役にて徳川家康本陣が真田信繁隊の突進を受けた際に、旗奉行に不首尾があり、このことを家康は厳しく詮議した。
- When the headquarters of army of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was attacked by the squad of Nobushige SANADA in the Siege of Osaka, the Hata Bugyo ended in failure, which was strictly questioned by Ieyasu.
- なお、筆頭家老・木俣家は1万石を領しているが、陣屋を持たなかったため、月20日は西の丸三重櫓で執務を行っていた。
- In addition, the head of the Kimata family that served as the head of chief retainers spent 20 days a month carrying out his work in nishi no maru sanju yagura (three-storied tower located at the northwest corner of nishi no maru) because he did not have his jinya (regional government office) although he had been granted ten thousand goku crop yields.
- 天正9年10月、織田勢は紀ノ川北岸一帯に布陣し、総大将織田信孝は鉢伏山(背山)城(現かつらぎ町)に本陣を構えた。
- On November 1581, the Oda army lined up around the north shore of Kino-kawa River and the general commander Nobutaka ODA placed the headquarter of the army at the Hachibuseyama (Seyama)-jo Castle (Katsuragi-cho at present).
- 旧幕府陣営では王政復古後の新政府による、徳川慶喜に対する辞官納地の決議により薩摩藩に対しての反発が強まっていた。
- The decision of the jikan-nochi against Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA by the new government, after restoring the monarchy, increased opposition to the Satsuma Domain among those on the former Shogunate side.
- 範頼軍は3万余騎(『源平盛衰記』)をもって陸地に布陣して平氏の退路を塞ぎ、岸から遠矢を射かけて義経軍を支援した。
- Noriyori took about 30,000 horsemen (according to 'the Chronicle of the Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and the Taira') from his army and drew up his battle lines on land to cut off the Taira's avenue of retreat, supporting Yoshitsune's army by shooting arrows long-distance from the cliffs.
- 同年1月中旬、関東では、将門が兵5000を率いて常陸国へ出陣して、平貞盛と維幾の子藤原為憲の行方を捜索している。
- In mid-January of that year, Masakado departed for Hitachi Province with 500 soldiers, in search of TAIRA no Sadamori and FUJIWARA no Tamenori, the son of Korechika.
- In Kanto, during mid-January of the same year, Masakado led an army of 5,000 men and advanced to Hitachi province, in search of the whereabouts of TAIRA no Sadamori and Korechika's son, FUJIWARA no Tamenori.
- 大坂冬の陣では豊臣方として戦ったが、その裏では徳川方に内通したり、冬の陣における和睦交渉で裏工作を行なっている。
- Although he allied with the Toyotomi camp in the Winter Siege of Osaka, he engaged in covert activities, providing information to the Tokugawa side and engaging in reconciliatory talks during the siege.
- まず、陣座において奏文を職事公卿が確認した後に史 (律令制)にこれを持たせて参内させ、続いて職事公卿も参内する。
- First, Shikiji-kugyo (high-ranked nobles engaged in submission of reports to the Emperor) gathered at Jin-no-za (a court set in Konoefu, Headquarters of Inner Palace Guards) would check and confirm Sobun (contents of the reports to the Emperor), and then let Fuhito (a clerical officer under Ritsuryo system) carry the Sobun to the Inner Palace, after that the Shikiji-kugyo would visit the Inner Palace.
- 『細川両家記』によれば1562年3月5日、三好義賢が布陣していた久米田に畠山高政、安見宗房らの軍勢が攻め入った。
- According to the 'Hosokawa ryoke ki' (Record of the two houses of Hosokawa), on March 5, 1562, an army of Takamasa HATAKEYAMA and Munefusa YASUMI attacked Kumeda, where Yoshitaka MIYOSHI was taking position.
- そして表門には大石内蔵助(槍)、原元辰(槍)、間瀬正明(半弓)という参謀格の3士が陣取り、表門隊の指揮をとった。
- Three members of Counselor rank, Kuranosuke OISHI (spear), Mototoki HARA (spear) and Masaaki MASE (small-sized bow) took up positions at the front gate and commanded the party.
- 徳川慶喜は大討込と称して、みずから出陣して巻き返すことを宣言したが、小倉陥落の報に衝撃を受けて大討込を中止した。
- Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA declared Ouchikomi (a grand attack) in which he himself would lead the troops to the front, however, the fall of the Kokura clan dispirit him and he called off the attack.
- 主君が城主以上のときは城代家老も置かれたが、主君が城主大名や、陣屋のときは、城代家老は、当然に設置されなかった。
- When a lord had a castle but did not reside there, a Jodai-garo (Karo in charge of the castle) was installed, but when a lord resided in a castle or jinya (his regional government office), naturally jodai-garo were not installed.
- 生涯五十余度の合戦に出陣し、武功高く、石田三成の家老・島左近や上杉景勝の家老・直江兼続らと並ぶ名家老といわれる。
- Thoughout his life, Yasuyuki engaged in over fifty battles and made brilliant achievements; and it has been said that he was one of the most excellent Karo (chief retainer), along with Sakon SHIMA who worked for Mitsunari ISHIDA and Kanetsugu NAOE who worked for Kagekatsu UESUGI.
- 宗麟は秀吉に出馬を何度も促し、翌天正15年(1587年)正月、秀吉は九州侵攻の軍令を下し、3月には自らも出陣した。
- As Sorin repeatedly encouraged Hideyoshi to move forward, Hideyoshi issued a military order to invade Kyushu in February and March 1587, and he dispatched himself in April and May.
- 2月12日、本隊の信忠と一益がそれぞれ岐阜城と伊勢国長島城を出陣し、翌々日の2月14日には美濃岩村城に兵を進めた。
- On February 12, 1582, Nobutada (who led the main unit of the Oda army) and Kazumasu departed, respectively, from Gifu-jo Castle and from Nagashima-jo Castle in Ise Province, moving their troops to Iwamura-jo Castle in Mino two days later, on February 14.
- 釜山周辺に布陣していた日本軍は7月16日漆川梁の海戦で朝鮮水軍を殲滅すると陸上でも全羅道を目指して進撃を開始する。
- The Japanese army, which was based near Busan, demolished the Korean navy in the Battle of Chilcheollyang on August 28 and, as for the land war, started its advance toward Jeolla-do.
- 兄戦死の報を受けた勝正もまた単身本陣へ突入し、不意をついて本庄繁長に斬りかかったが逆に繁長と側近達に討ち取られた。
- When Katsumasa was informed of his brother's death, he also charged the opponent's headquarters alone and made a surprise attack on Shigenaga HONJO with his sword; but he was killed by Shigenaga and his close retainers.
- 車 :五條市中心部(本陣交差点=国道24号、国道168号、国道310号交点) から国道168号を十津川方面へ南下。
- By car: Take National Route 168 from the Central part of Gojo City (Honjin Crossing: the point of intersection of National Route 24, 118 and 310) and go south toward Totsu-kawa River.
- 松平氏は松平清康の時代に版図を雄飛させるが、1535年守山崩れによって清康が家臣に殺されると今川氏の陣門に下った。
- The Matsudaira clan expanded its territory remarkably under control by Kiyoyasu MATSUDAIRA, but, as Kiyoyasu was killed by a vassal in Moriyama kuzure in 1535, it surrendered to the Imagawa clan.
- 道二見テ、公(政宗)ノ朝鮮御陣ニ、熊ノ御羽織ヲ着玉フ由ヲ聞及ヒ、政宗ト太刀打シタルトテ、荒言(偽リ言)スト云ヘリ。
- Looking at the haori, Doji thought that he was Masamune because he had heard that Masamune wore a bear fur haori during the battle in Korea, and therefore he told the false story that he fought face to face with Masamune.
- 承平 (日本)5年(935年)2月、源扶、源隆、源繁の三兄弟は常陸国野本に陣をしいて将門を待ち伏せ、合戦となった。
- In February 935, the MINAMOTO brothers, Tasuku, Takashi, and Shigeru, camped in Nomoto, Hitachi Province in order to ambush Masakado, who was heading into battle.
- 池田利隆・忠継兄弟の幕下の大坂の陣で戦功を挙げ、摂津国川辺郡・闕郡(尼崎領)1万石を与えられ大名に取り立てられた。
- He served with distinction in the Osaka no Jin as a makushita of the Toshitaka and Tadatsugu IKEDA brothers, and he was promoted to a daimyo of Kakenokori and Kawabe-gun, Settsu Province (Amagasaki territory) with 10,000 koku.
- だが、石見国では同国を占領した長州藩軍に、豊前国では香春陣屋で再起を図った香春藩(旧小倉藩)軍によって鎮圧された。
- On the other hand, the insurgents in Iwami Province were suppressed by the army of Choshu Domain occupying there, and those in Buzen Province were suppressed by the army of Kawara Domain (former Kokura Domain), which once withdrawn to the regional office, jinya, but succeeded in its counterattack after renewing its offensive.
- 田原坂の戦いでは薩軍は敗北に終わったが、21日には早くも有明海・吉次峠・植木・隈府を結ぶ線に防衛陣地を築きあげた。
- Although the Satsuma army was defeated in the battle of Tabaru Slope, it had established defensive positions along the line connecting the Ariake sea, Kichiji Pass, Ueki, and Waifu as early as on 21st.
- これに対し、地理を熟知していた平氏側も東門・北門(夢野口・古明泉寺(明泉寺)の2箇所)・西門と要所に布陣している。
- On the other hand, as Taira clan was familiar with the geography of the region, they set their battle formations in important locations, such as the East gate, North gate (two locations, the Yumeno entrance fortress and Ko-Myosen-ji Temple (Myosen-ji Temple)), and West gate.
- 室町時代以後になると、守護大名や戦国大名あるいはその配下の国人によって動員され、軍夫・陣夫・人夫などとして奉仕した。
- After the Muromachi period, shugo daimyo (Japanese provincial military governors who later became daimyo, Japanese feudal lords), Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) or their subordinates would recruit for these duties, putting private soldiers, servicemen or laborers into service.
- 彼らはその持高に応じた(3)年貢と(4)諸役(の一部)を負担したが、(5)陣夫役は負担しないので、百姓ではなかった。
- Although they bore (a part of) (3) nengu and (4) miscellaneous taxes according to their farm, since they did not bare (5) compulsory services in wartime, they were not hyakusho.
- 13日(雨だったと言われる)も対峙は続いていたが、天王山の山裾を横切った中川隊が高山隊の横に陣取ろうと移動してきた。
- The confrontation continued into June 13 (allegedly a rainy day), when Nakagawa's corps crossed the foot of Mt. Tennozan to take up a position beside Takayama's.
- 近衛府の陣(主として左近衛府側)において招集されたので、会議の場を陣座(じんのざ)又は杖座(じょうざ)と呼称された。
- The council was convened at the camp of the Inner Palace Guard (most often in the area of the Left Division of the Guard), so the council sessions came to be called 'Jinnoza' ('meetings at the camp') or 'Joza' ('stave meetings').
- これによって奈良時代以来の大寺院である東大寺の中に敵対する両者が陣地を築いて睨み合うという異常事態となったのである。
- This meant an abnormal state in which the two hostile camps took up their respective positions within the premises of Todai-ji Temple, a great prestigious temple since the Nara period, and confronted each other.
- ・註4:「公、御本陣羽黒山ノ麗へ、片倉備中(景綱)ヲ召寄セラレ、城中ノ様子ニ依テ、御人数ヲ引揚ラレヘキ哉ト仰セラル。
- Note 4: 'Masamune called Bicchu (Kagetsuna) KATAKURA to the headquarters at the foot of Mt. Haguro to ask him what was going on in the castle and whether or not the troops should be withdrawn.
- 氷上郡には、丹波柏原藩織田氏の陣屋が柏原(現・丹波市柏原町柏原)にあったが、小藩の上に藩領は丹波国内に散在していた。
- Although the jinya of the Oda clan in the Tanba-Kaibara clan was located in Kaibara of Hikami County (present Kaibara, Kaibara-cho, Tanba City), the clan was small in size with its territory scattered in various areas of Tanba Province.
- 出陣にあたり正盛は京都にあった義親の邸宅に向かって三度、鬨の声をあげ、三度、鏑矢を放って出立した(『源平盛衰記』)。
- On the occasion of his departure to the war, Masamori shouted a battle cry to Yoshichika's mansion in Kyoto three times and shot a whistling arrow to it three times ('Genpei Seisui ki' [Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and the Taira clans]).
- 官軍が高瀬川の線に陣を構築するのを見た岩切らは高瀬川の橋梁から攻撃を仕掛け、熊本隊は渡河して迫間・岩崎原を攻撃した。
- At the sight of the government army pitching a camp along the Takase-gawa River, the IWAKIRI's troop fired down upon them from the bridge over the river, while the Kumamoto-tai troop crossed the river and attacked Hazama and Iwasakihara.
- 平氏は福原に陣営を置いて、その外周(東の生田口、西の一ノ谷口、山の手の夢野口)に強固な防御陣を築いて待ち構えていた。
- The Taira clan set their military camp in the Fukuwara region and built a strong defensive army in the surrounding areas (the Ikuta fortress entrance for protection of the East; the Ichinotani fortress entrance would protect the West, and the Yumeno fortress entrance would protect the hilly section of the city), and they waited for the arrival of the Kamakura (Minamoto) army.
- 律令制秩序の回復を目指して天皇・上皇(治天の君)の意向を受けた太政官が陣定などを経て官符(太政官符)の形式で発布する。
- It was promulgated in the form of kanpu (Daijokanpu, which means official documents issued by Daijokan, Grand Council of State) through a council called Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council) held by Daijokan (Grand Council of State) at the behest of the Emperor or the Retired Emperor in power (Chiten no kimi) aiming at the restoration of order of the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code).
- 織田信長軍は、まず別動隊として動いていた滝川一益、丹羽長秀隊が同年12月4日兵庫の須磨区を焼き払い塚口付近に布陣した。
- Among troops of Nobunaga ODA, troops of Kazumasu TAKIGAWA and Nagahide NIWA, which acted as detached forces, burnt down Suma in Hyogo on January 11, 1579 and took up their position in the vicinity of Tsukaguchi.
- しかし両陣営とも外国の軍隊の派兵を要請することはなかったため、欧米列強による内政干渉や武力介入という事態は避けられた。
- Military intervention and interference in domestic affairs by powerful western nations were, however, avoided since both sides did not request them to deploy troops.
- しかし将門が勝ち誇って自陣に引き上げる最中、急に風向きが変わり南風になると、風を負って勢いを得た連合軍は反撃に転じた。
- However, as Masakado was making his triumphant return to camp, the wind suddenly changed direction; the south wind began to blow, giving the advantage to the allied forces as they launched a counter-attack.
- 6月14日から6日間にわたる一揆は村役人の邸宅や桑折陣屋代官所を襲撃し、隣の福島藩の中枢である福島城城下町に突入した。
- During the six days from July 25, the people attacked the houses of village officers, and jinya (regional government office) and daikansho (local governor's office) located in Kori, and in continuation, they rushed into the castle town of Fukushima-jo Castle, which was the center of the neighboring Fukushima Domain.
- 『平家物語』によると、その夜、重衡が陣中にて灯りを求めたところ、配下が火攻めの命令と勘違いして周囲の民家に火を放った。
- According to 'The Tale of the Heike', when Shigehira demanded light in camp, his vassals misunderstood it as the order of burning attack and set fire to surrounding folk dwellings.
- 8月19日、摂津国の大手軍が動き、細川持常、赤松貞村は陸路から、細川持親は海路から塩屋(神戸市)の教康の陣を攻撃した。
- On September 13, the major army in the Settsu Province made an advance and Mochitsune HOSOKAWA and Sadamura AKAMATSU attacked from land route and Mochichika Hosokawa attacked the Noriyasu's camp at Shioya (present-day Kobe City) from sea route.
- 1582年3月7日に信忠は甲府に入り、一条蔵人の私宅に陣を構えて勝頼の一門・親類や重臣を探し出して、これを全て処刑した。
- Nobutada, who invaded Kofu on March 7, 1582, and established an armed camp at a private house of Kurodo ICHIJO, found the clansmen, relatives, and senior vassals of Katsuyori, and executed them.
- 3月12日 (旧暦)(5月3日)、勝家は前田利家、佐久間盛政ら3万の軍勢を率いて近江国柳ヶ瀬に到着し、布陣を完了させた。
- On May 3, Katsuie arrived at Yanagase in Omi Province with his army of 30,000 men including Toshiie MAEDA and Morimasa SAKUMA, completing the deployment.
- 第26代昭光は天正18年(1590年)、豊臣秀吉による小田原攻めに参陣しない伊達政宗を憚って自らも援軍の派兵を見送った。
- In 1590, Akimitsu, the twenty-sixth head of the family, postponed sending the reinforcements to the Invasion of Odawara headed by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, as he was afraid of Masamune DATE who did not participate in the invasion.
- 信頼・成親は義朝とともに武装して出陣するが、源師仲は保身のため三種の神器の一つである内侍所(神鏡)を持ち出して逃亡した。
- Nobuyori and Narichika joined Yoshitomo in taking up arms and marching out to battle, but MINAMOTO no Moronaka, in order to save his own life, took one of the three Imperial Regalia of Japan, the sacred Mirror, and fled.
- ・註5:「慶長六年伊達政宗出軍於奥州福島表時、長義出兵、襲政宗後陣、遂奪小荷駄陣具竹雀紋幕及看経幕以黄糸縫法華経廿八品。
- Note 5: 'In 1600, when the Masamune forces went to Fukushima Omote, Nagayoshi attacked the Masamune's rear guard and robbed provisions, weapons and horse riding gears in addition to the enclosure with a sutra, the enclosure with the crest of bamboo and sparrow and the enclosure with Chapter 28 of the Lotus Sutra.
- 伊達政宗は東軍勝利の知らせを聞くと、10月5日、好機到来とばかりに約2万の兵を率いて北目城から伊達郡・信夫郡へ出陣した。
- Receiving the news that the Eastern army won the battle, Masamune DATE, as if not to miss the opportunity, led the troop of about 20,000 soldiers to Date District and Shinobu District from the Kitame-jo Castle on October 5.
- 彼らは講和交渉を担った満洲族系の大官であり、講和後新設された総理衙門の中枢に陣取り、外交および近代化政策を取り仕切った。
- They were high officials from Manchus who conducted peace talk and there occupied the nerve center of newly established Zongli Yamen and had a complete control of diplomacy and modernization policy.
- 設楽原は原と言っても川に沿って丘陵地が幾つも連なる場所であって、相手陣の深遠まで見渡せるほど視界の良い場所ではなかった。
- Although the 'hara' of Shitaragahara means a plain, Shitaragahara was a hilly place along the river and did not provide a visibility enough to overlook the entire enemy camp.
- 午後3時には猛烈な火力を集中して薩軍の先陣を突破して後陣に迫ったが、中島が指揮する薩軍の逆襲で左翼部隊が総崩れとなった。
- At 3 o'clock in the afternoon, the government army concentrated their firepower to break through the vanguard of the Satsuma army, closing in on the rear guard, but had its left flank fought back and routed by the Satsuma army led by Nakajima.
- そのためなかなか決着はつかず、1489年には義尚が陣中に没したため、足かけ3年にわたった戦いは終結、六角氏は生き残った。
- So, the battle did not easily end, but the death of Yoshihisa in battle in 1489 marked the end of the three-year conflict, and the Rokkaku clan survived.
- 妙見山に布陣していた河上は生野の町で闘死しようとするが、騙されたと怒った農民たちが「偽浪士」と罵って彼らに襲いかかった。
- Kawakami who was on Mt. Myoken with his men for the battle formation, tried to die heroically in Ikuno Town, but the farmers, who thought they had been deceived, got angry, execrated them as 'fake roshi' and attacked them.
- 午前6時、平知盛、平重衡ら平氏軍主力の守る東側の生田口の陣の前には範頼率いる梶原景時、畠山重忠以下の大手軍5万騎が布陣。
- At six o'clock in the morning, Noriyori led his Ote army, followed by Kagetoki KAJIWARA and Shigetada HATAKEYAMA and their fifty thousand cavalrymen, and took positions on the east side front of the battle formation at the Ikuta fortress entrance, where the major force of the Taira clan army, led by Tomonori TAIRA and Shigehira TAIRA, was prepared to defend.
- 持氏は憲実追討のため近臣の一色直兼に軍を与えて差し向け、自身も武蔵国府中高安寺(東京都府中市 (東京都))に陣を構える。
- Mochiuji not only gave a troop to Naokane ISSHIKI, his trusted vassal, to dispatch for hunting down and killing Norizane, but also he himself built a base of operations in Fuchu Koan-ji Temple of the Musashi Province (Fuchu City, Tokyo Megalopolis).
- 三沢為幸はその後も尼子氏に従い、1540年の吉田郡山城の戦いに出陣し、吉田郡山城の戦い青山土取場の戦いで討死を遂げている。
- After this, Tameyuki MISAWA continued to submit to the Amago clan, and participated in the Battle of Yoshida Koriyamajo Castle in 1540, where he died in a Battle at Aoyama Borrow Pit.
- その後織田信長は有岡城の周りを固めて同年12月11日には古池田まで陣を戻し、同年12月15日には安土城に帰城してしまった。
- After that, Nobunaga ODA strengthened the defense around Arioka-jo Castle and returned his headquarters to Koikeda on January 18, 1579, and he himself returned to Azuchi-jo Castle on January 22, 1579.
- 忠棟は朝鮮に出陣しておらず、忠恒らは補給不足の原因が忠棟にあると考えていたことなどもあり島津氏家臣からも深く恨まれていた。
- Tadamune didn't go to Korea, so he was blamed for the insufficient supplies for Tadatsune and was borne a grudge against by the other vassals of the Shimazu clan.
- 例えば、竹下登が政権退陣した後の宇野宗佑政権・海部俊樹政権が「竹下院政」と称されたことがある(事実がそうであるかは不明)。
- For example, the Sosuke UNO government and Toshiki KAIFU government, which were established after the resignation of Noboru TAKESHITA, were once referred to as 'Takeshita insei' (although it is not clear whether this is a fact).
- 複数ある場合は本陣備は大名が、それ以外は大名の重臣(家老)がその任に就く(但し、抜擢人事により若手の侍が就く場合もある)。
- If there were multiple sonae, then the daimyo assumed the position in the army headquarters sonae, and the daimyo's senior vassals assumed the positions at the other sonae (however, depending on the personnel selection, young samurai could also assume such a position).
- また、赤穂藩浅野氏は居城が存在した赤穂郡の他に、加東郡にも領地を有し、加東郡穂積(現・加東市穂積)に飛地陣屋を置いていた。
- The Asano clan in the Ako clan owned a territory in Kato County as well, in addition to Ako County where its castle residence was located, and placed a remote jinya in Hozumi, Kato County (present Hozumi, Kato City).
- そればかりでなく、出陣を重臣任せにするのは仕方ないにせよ、義隆は政務を文治派の寵臣・相良武任に一任して政務から遠ざかった。
- Moreover, although there was no choice for Yoshitune besides letting senior vassals to take over the responsibilities when going off to a battle, he left government affairs to the hand of his favorite retainer from civilian government group, Taketo SAGARA, and stayed away from the politics.
- 主として兵粮奉行(兵粮奉行)率いる、およそ50名から100名の足軽等に護衛された人夫(陣夫)が駄馬や車輌を用いて運搬した。
- Principally, laborers (servicemen) guarded by fifty to a hundred ashigaru (common foot soldiers) who are all directed by hyoro bugyo (food supply administrator) carried goods on packhorses or vehicles.
- 政虎は、猛将・柿崎景家を先鋒に、車懸りの陣(車輪のスポークのように部隊を配置し、次々攻撃する陣形)で武田軍に襲いかかった。
- With Kageie KAKIZAKI, a bold military commander, as the spearhead, Masatora's forces attacked Takeda's forces in the battle formation of 'Kuruma-gakarino-jin' (in which soldiers were placed in the formation like spokes of a wheel, and made attacks successively).
- 強硬論の平野、河上らに圧されて解散は思いとどまるが、13日夜に肝心の主将の沢宣嘉が解散派とともに本陣から脱走してしまった。
- Dissolution of the army was desisted by the pressures from hard-liners like Hirano and Kawakami but the crucial commander-in-chief Nobuyoshi SAWA, together with the pro-dissolution-party, fled from the headquarter on the night of 13.
- そのため、加藤清正が捕虜にした李氏朝鮮の2人の王子(臨海君・順和君)の返還と引き替えに釜山周辺の南部へ4月頃までに移陣した。
- Therefore, they moved their camps to the southern areas around Busan by May in exchange of two princes (Prince Imhaegun and Prince Sunhwagun) of Yi Dynasty Korea who had been captured by Kiyomasa KATO.
- しかし細川澄元達の戦意はなおも衰えず、細川澄元方の細川政賢を主将として丹波と山城国との要衝である船岡山に陣取り防戦を試みた。
- Sumimoto HOSOKAWA and his people did not lose the will to fight; they attempted a turf war at Mt. Funaoka, which was a strategic point in Tanba and Yamashiro Province, with Masataka HOSOKAWA, who was in their side, as a captain.
- 7月10日 (旧暦)、両軍は賀茂川を挟んで対峙、上皇方は白河北殿、天皇方は東三条殿に本陣を置き、後白河天皇は高松殿にあった。
- On August 4, the two armies faced each other across the Kamo-gawa River, with the headquarters of the retired emperor's side in the Shirakawakita-dono Palace and those of the Emperor Goshirakawa's side in the Takamatsu-dono Palace (.Emperor Goshirakawa was in the Takamatsu-dono Palace).
- また、4年後の鳥羽・伏見の戦いでは、旧幕府軍が男山の麓の橋本と淀川の対岸にある大山崎に分かれて布陣して新政府軍を迎え撃った。
- Four years later, at the Battle of Toba and Fushimi, the army of former bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) set up camps separately in Hashimoto at the foot of Mt. Otoko and Oyamazaki on the other side of the Yodo-gawa River to counter the new government army.
- この上杉氏・北条氏の争いは全関東の諸豪族を二分して、北条氏康と里見義堯(上杉陣営)による国府台合戦などの戦いを惹き起こした。
- This struggle between the Uesugi clan and the Hojo clan divided gozoku the whole of Kanto into two groups causing battles such as the Battle of Konodai between Ujiyasu HOJO and Yoshitaka SATOMI (UESUGI SIDE).
- 9月9日深夜、高坂昌信・馬場信春らが率いる別働隊1万2千が妻女山に向い、信玄率いる本隊8000は八幡原に鶴翼の陣で布陣した。
- In the midnight on October 17, the separate 12,000-soldier troops led by Masanobu KOSAKA and Nobuharu BABA went toward Saijo-san Mountain, and Shingen brought his main 8,000-soldier troops to Hachimanbara and gave an order to take the crane-wings-shaped battle formation.
- 1615年(元和 (日本)元年)、大坂の陣にあたり、徳川秀忠は軍令を発して諸軍の部署を定めるとともに軍役を定めてこれを課した。
- In 1615, upon fighting the Summer Battle of Osaka, Hidetada TOKUGAWA issued the military order to appoint armies to their posts and to define the military service and imposed them on the army.
- 幕府軍は豪雨による増水のため川を渡れず攻めあぐねたが、翌14日に強引に敵前渡河し、多数の溺死者を出しながらも敵陣の突破に成功。
- The river's water level was high due to a recent downpour, so the shogunal army was unable to cross the river and found themselves at a loss as to how to attack; on the next day, the fourteenth, they attempted to force a crossing right in front of the enemy army, and despite losing many samurai to drowning, they succeeded in breaking through the enemy encampment.
- 山名氏清の嫡男時清も義弘に同心して丹波国へ討ち入り、京都市へ侵入して火を放ち、300余騎で八幡の幕府軍本陣を目指して突入した。
- Ujikiyo YAMANA's eldest son and heir, Tokikiyo, had also allied himself with Yoshihiro, and attacked into Tanba Province, invading the capital (Kyoto) and setting fires there before targeting the shogunal army camped at Hachiman and raiding it with 300 men.
- この乱戦の中で齋野道二が真っ先かけて政宗に切り掛かり、政宗の猩々緋の陣羽織を切り裂いたため、政宗は跡を見ずに逃げ去っていった。
- Masamune fled without looking back because Doji ITSUKI first attacked to slash Masamune and split up Masamune's jinbaori (sleeveless campaign jacket worn over armor) of yellowish crimson in the battle.
- 大坂夏の陣での真田信繁(幸村)の活躍は江戸時代でも歌舞伎などで演じられ、錦絵に描かれるなど、徳川政権下でも後世へ語り継がれた。
- Nobushige (Yukimura) SANADA's energetic activity in Osaka Natsu no Jin was passed down the generations even in the Tokugawa government as it was performed in Kabuki and so on or drawn in nishikie (color prints) in the Edo period
- 京都大坂では陣の直後あたり、「花の様なる秀頼様を、鬼の様なる真田がつれて、退きものいたよ鹿児島へ」という童歌が流行ったという。
- An old children's song, saying that 'devil-like Sanada, taking flower-like Hidoyori, ran away to Kagoshima' is said to have become popular in Kyoto and Osaka just after the war.
- 1927年成立の田中内閣は田中外交と呼ばれる中国での積極政策を推進し左翼運動を弾圧するが、張作霖爆殺事件の処理を巡り退陣する。
- The Tanaka Cabinet, which was established in 1927, adopted the aggressive policy in China so-called Tanaka diplomacy and oppressed leftist movement, but the cabinet was forced to resign en masse concerning the management of Assassination of Sakurin CHO.
- 桂退陣後に成立した第1次山本内閣は、立憲政友会を与党とし、原敬(内相)や高橋是清(蔵相)ら政友会の有力者を閣僚としてむかえた。
- The first Yamamoto Cabinet, established immediately after Katsura's resignation, invited some influential members of the Seiyukai to be the ministers of his administration, such as Takashi HARA (as the minister for home affairs) and Korekiyo TAKAHASHI (as the minister of finance).
- これにより元々徳川秀忠から拝領していた3,000石と合わせて1万3,000石の諸侯となって、丹後京丹後市に陣屋を構えて立藩した。
- This made Takamichi lord of 13,000 goku together with 3,000 goku already given by Hidetada TOKUGAWA (the second shogun of the Edo bakufu, the Japanese feudal government), then he established a jin-ya (regional government office) in Kyotango City of Tango province and founded a new domain.
- しかし、大山崎に布陣していた津藩が新政府軍に寝返って橋本の旧幕府軍を砲撃した事で旧幕府軍は総崩れとなり、戦いの趨勢が決している。
- However, the Tsu clan in Oyamazaki switching to the new government army and shelling the former bakufu army in Hashimoto caused the former bakufu army completely collapsed and decided the outcome of the battle.
- そうこうしている内に10日に秀吉接近の報を受け、急いで淀城・勝竜寺城の修築に取り掛かり、また男山に布陣していた兵力を撤収させた。
- In the meantime, hearing on June 10 of Hideyoshi's approach, Mitsuhide hurried to repair Yodo-jo Castle and Shoryuji-jo Castle, and pulled back his forces taking up their position on Mt. Otokoyama.
- 江戸時代中期には京都の西陣織を参考にした「丹後織」が峰山藩で生まれ、以後丹後ちりめんなどがこの地の名産となり現在にいたっている。
- In the middle of the Edo period, 'Tango brocade,' which followed the idea of 'Nishijin brocade' of Kyoto, was produced and since then fabrics including 'Tango chirimen' (silk crepe) have been special local products of the area.
- ただし、摂関政治においても摂関が全ての決定権を握っていたのではなく、議政官が衆議する陣定の場でほとんどの政治決定が行われていた。
- However, even in this system, Sekkan didn't decide everything, yet almost all policies were discussed and determined by Giseikan (Legislatures) at Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council).
- 信玄時代からの重鎮たち、特に武田四天王といわれる山県昌景、馬場信春、内藤昌豊らは信長自らの出陣を知って撤退を進言したと言われる。
- Knowing Nobunaga's participation in the battle, Takeda's senior vassals since the time of Shingen, especially Masakage YAMAGATA, Nobuharu BABA, and Masatoyo NAITO who were among the so-called big four of the Takeda clan advised Katsuyori to withdraw from the war.
- 稀有な戦術眼の持ち主である上杉謙信が川中島の地形を理解していなかったはずはないため、背水の陣を敷いたのではないかとの推測もある。
- Because it is unbelievable that Kenshin UESUGI, being a person with an exceptional strategic eye, could not understand the geographic shape of Kawanakajima, there is the surmise that he placed his forces there as a last resort.
- 反面、武田氏研究者の柴辻俊六は、布施の戦いに関しても景虎が自ら出陣したとする確実な史料での確認が取れないとして、疑問を呈している。
- However, Shunroku SHIBATSUJI, a researcher of the Takeda clan, raised questions about the theory on the ground that there is no reliable historical materials to support Kagetora's participation in the battle of Fuse.
- 1467年2月22日(応仁元年1月18日)、政長は無防備であった自邸に火を放つと、兵を率いて上御霊社(京都市上京区)に陣を敷いた。
- On February 22, 1467, Masanaga set on fire his own undefended residence, led samurai and took up a position at Kami Goryo Shrine (in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City).
- 一つの備しか持つ事のできない大名と複数の備を編成できる大名では、特に後者の大名が直率する本陣備においてその構成に大きな違いがある。
- There was a large difference between a daimyo who could have only one sonae and a daimyo who could organize multiple sonae in terms of sonae organization, particularly in the army headquarters sonae led directly by the latter daimyo.
- 日本国との平和条約により主権を回復した後、冷戦下の西側陣営として日本国とアメリカ合衆国との間の相互協力及び安全保障条約を締結した。
- After restoring its sovereignty by concluding peace treaties, Japan concluded a Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan as a nation of the Western Bloc in the cold war state.
- 結局延徳元年(1489年)、義熙と改名していた義尚は近江鈎の陣中で死去したため、幕府による討伐は中断となり、高頼は一時赦免された。
- After all, in 1489, Yoshihisa who had changed his name to Yoshihiro died at the front at Magari in Omi Province, and therefore the suppression by bakufu was suspended and Takayori was temporarily discharged.
- 政元は第9代将軍・足利義尚が陣没して将軍継嗣問題が起こると、第10代将軍に清晃(堀越公方足利政知の子で後の足利義澄)を推していた。
- When the 9th shogun, Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA, died and a problem regarding the shogun's heirship occurred, Masamoto recommended Seiko (son of Horigoe kubo Masatomo ASHIKAGA, and later Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA) become the next shogun.
- だが、ほぼ確実に長坂はこの戦に出陣していなかったと見られることや、史料中での3人の扱いが不当に貶められていることから信憑性は低い。
- However, this theory is not so credible in that Nagasaka almost certainly did not participate in the battle and the historical source does not do justice to the three vassals.
- しかし議奏に指名された公卿は頼朝との面識はなく、頼朝追討宣旨に賛同した実定が含まれるなど、必ずしも親鎌倉派という陣容ではなかった。
- However, kugyo who were appointed as giso kugyo had no personal acquaintance with Yoritomo, and Sanesada who approved of the Imperial order to hunt down and kill Yoritomo was included in the member, therefore the members were not necessarily pro-Shogunate forces.
- 那須信吾は中山忠光を逃すべく決死隊を編成して敵陣に突入して討ち死に、藤本鉄石も討ち死にし、負傷して失明していた松本奎堂は自刃した。
- Shingo NASU organized a death squad in order to make Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA flee, entered into an enemy camp and died in battle; Tesseki FUJIMOTO was also killed in battle; Keido MATSUMOTO who had lost eye sight from an injury committed suicide.
- 初陣の年齢は個人差があるが多くの場合、元服前後の10代前半が多く、親は子供の将来の安寧を願い必ず勝てる戦いに参加させる傾向があった。
- Although the ages for uijin varied from person to person, in many cases the participants were in their early teens around genpuku (coming of age ceremony) and the parents were inclined to send them to a battle that they would doubtlessly win, wishing for their safety.
- 尼子勢は布部山の2つしかない登り口(水谷口・中山口)に山中幸盛を大将とする総勢6800の兵を布陣し、万全の体制で毛利軍を待ち構えた。
- The Amago army sent a total of 68,000 soldiers who were directed by Yukimori YAMANAKA to only two gateways (Mizutani (水谷) gateway and Nakayama (中山) gateway) to Fubeyama and waited for the Mori troops, taking all possible measures.
- 一方、帰正隊として新政府に編入された残余の伝習隊は房総半島の鎮撫活動に活躍し、明治2年には箱館に向けて出陣し、脱走幕府軍を攻撃した。
- On the other hand, the rest of Denshutai who joined the new government as Kiseitai contributed to the suppression of the Boso Peninsula, and they took the field to Hakodate in 1869 to attack the escaped bakufu army.
- 10日午前8時頃、川中島を包む深い霧が晴れた時、いるはずのない上杉軍が眼前に布陣しているのを見て、信玄率いる武田軍本隊は愕然とした。
- Around 8 AM on October 17, when dense fog in and around Kawanakajima cleared, the main troops of Takeda's forces was astonished seeing Uesugi's forces that should not have been there were in battle formation just in front of them
- 戦局が大きく動いたのは一刻後、淀川沿いに布陣していた池田恒興・池田元助・加藤光泰率いる手勢が、密かに円明寺川を渡河して津田信春を奇襲。
- The tide of the battle changed significantly when the units under the direct command of Tsuneoki IKEDA, Motosuke IKEDA and Mitsuyasu KATO positioned along the Yodo-gawa River crossed the Enmyoji-gawa River unnoticed and made a surprise attack on Nobuharu TSUDA.
- 平安時代末期、院政の進展に伴って内裏における陣定に代わって、上皇や法皇が自分の御所内において議定を行って重要な決定を行うようになった。
- At the end of the Heian period, with the development of government by a retired emperor, the abdicated emperor and cloistered emperor came to make important decisions after formulating agreements at their own residence, replacing the reign of the emperor at the Imperial Palace.
- 最前線で天狗党と対陣していた加賀藩の監軍・永原甚七郎らは、抵抗せずに嘆願しようとしている天狗党に同情し、武田耕雲斎らに降伏を勧告する。
- The supervisor of the army of the Kaga Domain Jinshichiro NAGAHARA and others who were at the front-line against Tenguto sympathized Tenguto members who were trying to plead without resisting, and recommended Kounsai TAKEDA and others to surrender.
- かねてより浅野贔屓であった玄蕃は、12月14日、赤穂浪士たちが吉良邸へ向けて出陣したことを知ると、是非助太刀しようと吉良邸へ向かった。
- On January 30, when Genba found out that the Ako Roshi had set their way to the Kira residence, he also made his way to assist them, since Asano has always been his favorite.
- 新田藩のうち幕末まで存続した藩は明治維新時に独自の陣屋を設けたり本藩に吸収されたりしたため、維新後には新田藩と称される藩は存在しない。
- Shinden domains which survived by the end of the Edo period no longer existed after the Meiji Restoration because independent jinya (regional government office) was established or they were absorbed by their head families.
- この遅陣は島津氏に対する豊臣政権の不信を招き、島津領内では豊臣政権の遣わした浅野長政や細川幽斎らによる徹底した検地が行われることになる。
- This delay in dispatching of troops increased the mistrust of the Toyotomi administration, and the thorough land survey in the territory of the Shimazu clan was carried out by Nagamasa ASANO and Yusai HOSOKAWA, who were sent by the administration.
- 波多野稙通より知らせをうけた細川晴元は三好勝長、三好政長に出陣を命じ、阿波国より堺に上陸、同年12月13日に中嶋の堀城を占領し越年した。
- Informed by Tanemichi HATANO of the situation, Harumoto HOSOKAWA ordered Katsunaga MIYOSHI and Masanaga MIYOSHI to proceed with their army, entered Sakai from Awa Province, occupied Horijo Castle in Nakajima on January 5, 1527, and saw the new year (according to the old lunar calendar) with it still under their control.
- 尊氏の参陣で志気が上がる尊氏軍が押し気味に戦局が展開し、翌日これを見た大友貞載、塩谷高貞は尊氏軍に寝返り、義助軍は総崩れとなり敗走する。
- Takauji's army whose morale was boosted by Takauji's participation in the war took the lead and on the following day, Sadatoshi (Sadanori) OTOMO and Takasada ENYA sold out to Takauji's army, thus Yoshisuke's army suffered a debacle and took flight.
- 図3は武徳編年集成に記載されている小田原の陣における徳川家康軍団の構成を模式図にしたものである(但し、本陣備については再考の余地あり)。
- Figure 3 shows a diagrammatic representation of how Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's troops were composed at the Siege of Odawara, as recorded in Butoku Henen Shusei (however, there is room for reexamination of the army headquarters sonae).
- 江戸時代以降は、必ずしも城が中心とは限らず、戦闘を想定しない行政施設としての陣屋を中心としたケースもあるが、それらも含めて城下町と呼ぶ。
- After the Edo period, in some cases, a castle was not necessarily the center, but the jinya, a non-military governmental facility, was the center, and these were also called jokamachi.
- その結果、藩札は大坂の両替商の関与を断たれ、桜井谷陣屋の米奉行が発行し、豊嶋郡の領内有力農民が銀穀方として運用する形態が幕末まで続いた。
- As a result, the currency exchangers in Osaka stopped supporting the domain's han bills, so their han bills were issued by a kome bugyo (commissioner of rice) of Sakuraidani jinya and were circulated as 'ginkokukata' by influential peasants in the territory of Teshima-gun until the end of the Edo period.
- 翌20年(1615年)4月、大坂夏の陣の勃発に伴い、日高・有田・名草郡の地侍が浅野長晟が留守の和歌山城を狙って蜂起したが、再度鎮圧された。
- In April of the following year, 1615, jizamurai in Hidaka, Arida and Nagusa Counties rose to riot, targeting the Wakayama-jo Castle from which Nagaakira ASANO left, in accordance with the outbreak of Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka), but they were suppressed again.
- 忍海郡西辻の水野氏は、織田信長、北条氏政などに仕え、後に徳川家の旗本となり、武蔵国の他大和国に所領を有して西辻に陣屋を置いていた家である。
- The Mizuno clan in Nishitsuji, Oshime County which served including Nobunaga ODA and Ujimasa HOJO, and became a Hatamoto of the Tokugawa family later, owned territory in Yamato Province in addition to territory in Musashi Province and placed a jinya in Nishitsuji.
- 上記のように戦死者は織田徳川方で800人、負傷者はその3倍であるとすれば、11段もの陣を崩したにしては織田軍の戦傷者が少なすぎるとする説。
- A theory suggests that, as above stated, if the war death was 800 on Oda and Tokugawa sides and the wounded three times as much as the former, the war wounded of Oda's was too low for their successful attacks on eleven-layer reserves.
- しかしながら、義経が崖ないし坂を駆け下って平氏の一ノ谷の陣営奇襲したという「逆落し」自体は当時の一級史料である『玉葉』には記されていない。
- However, there is no description of 'sakaotoshi' which indicates Yoshitsune having ran down a cliff or a hill then executing a surprise attack on the Ichinotani military camp of the Taira clan in 'Gyokuyo,' the first class historical material of that period.
- くだって幕末、禁門の変では、長州藩が当地を押さえた上で京都御所へ進撃するが、結果的に敗走し、参陣していた真木和泉ら十七烈士は当地で自刃した。
- Later, in Kinmon Incident at the end of the Edo period, Choshu clan captured the place to attack the Kyoto Imperial Palace, however, they were routed back eventually to have 17 Patriots including Izumi MAKI commit suicide there.
- この尼子氏による安芸遠征の失敗後、尼子経久が死去し、天文11年1月11日(1542年1月26日)に出雲国に向かって大内・毛利両軍が出陣する。
- Following Tsunehisa AMAGO's death after the Amago clan failed in the invasion of Aki Province, the Ouchi and Mori armies departed for Izumo Province on February 5, 1542.
- より後方支援的な職種である工兵(金堀衆、黒鍬、小普請組)、主計(納戸方、右筆)、調理人(台所方)、医者、僧侶(陣僧)などといったものを含む。
- It included additional supporting personnel of kohei (military engineer) (mine development specialists, kurokuwa (construction workers), kobushin gumi (samurai without official appointments who received small salaries)), accountant (nandokata clerk, yuhitsu (secretary)), cooks (kitchen workers), physicians and monks (monks accompanying samurai to war).
- 享保元年頃(1716年)、「武士道と云ふは、死ぬ事と見付けたり」の一節で有名な『葉隠』が佐賀藩の山本常朝によって著される(筆記は田代陣基)。
- In 1716 'Hagakure' which is famous for the passage 'I found that Bushido means dying' was written by Jocho YAMAMOTO from Saga Domain (dictated by Tsuramoto TASHIRO).
- 一方で越前・福井城にあった柴田勝家は雪のため動けずにいたが、これらの情勢に耐え切れず、ついに2月末、残る雪をかきわけつつ近江に向けて出陣した。
- Meanwhile, Katsuie SHIBATA, who had been trapped in Fukui-jo Castle in Echizen due to heavy snows but could no longer stand the situation, finally departed with his army for Omi Province at the end of February, digging their way out of the snow.
- 根来・雑賀衆は、相手がどれほどの大軍であっても、先陣を切って攻めてくる敵の精鋭さえ撃ち倒してしまえばそれで敵を退けることができると考えていた。
- Negoro and Saiga shu thought that they could stand down enemies if they defeated the vanguard elite troops even against a big army.
- また房能の兄で関東管領上杉顕定が為景を一旦は放逐するが、永正7年(1510年)の長森原の戦いに為景方の援軍として出陣して顕定を敗死させている。
- Akisada UESUGI of Kanto kanrei (a shogunal deputy for the Kanto region), a brother of Fusayoshi, ejected Tamekage, but went to fight in the Battle of Nagamorihara in 1510 for the Tamekage side, whereupon he died.
- 今日各地方の特産物と呼ばれるものは室町時代が起源であるものも多く、京都の西陣では明から輸入した生糸を利用して高級織物である西陣織がつくられた。
- Many of the products considered specialties of specific prefectures today have their origins in the Muromachi period, including Nishijin silks, luxury items that were made in the Nishijin district of Kyoto from raw silk imported from Ming China.
- 豊臣秀吉の水攻め(備中高松城の戦い)で有名な備中高松城の近傍、賀陽郡高松の原古才(現・岡山県岡山市高松原古才)に陣屋を置き、旗本札を発行した。
- Placing its jinya in Harakosai of Takamatsu, Kayo County (present Takamatsuhara Kosai, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture), a neighborhood of Bitchu-Takamatsu-jo Castle famous for the inundation tactics of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI (the Battle of Bitchu-Takamatsu-jo Castle), the clan issued Hatamoto-satsu.
- 甲賀五十三家(こうがごじゅうさんけ)は、「鈎の陣」にて六角氏に味方した甲賀の地侍五十三家のことであり、後の甲賀流忍術の中心となった家々である。
- Koka fifty-three families refers to jizamurai (local samurai) fifty-three families in Koka, who stood by Rokkaku clan's side in 'Siege of Magari,' who later became the center families of Koga-ryu school ninjutsu (ninja techniques).
- 9月1日、鹿児島入りすると、辺見は私学校を守っていた200名の官軍を排除して私学校を占領し、突囲軍の主力は城山 (鹿児島市)を中心に布陣した。
- On September 1, upon entering Kagoshima, HENMI seized Shigakko by removing the government army of 200 soldiers who had guarded, and the main part of the Totsui-gun forces set up a battle formation with Shiroyama (in Kagoshima City) at the center.
- 元和 (日本)元年(1615年)直継は病弱で大坂の役に参陣出来なかったことを理由に、直勝と名を改め上野国安中藩に3万石を分知され移封となった。
- In 1615, Naotsugu changed his name to Naokatsu and was transferred to the Annaka Domain in Kozuke Province with subdivided properties bearing 30,000 koku because he could not participate in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka) due to sickliness.
- この状況を打開するため細川澄元、三好之長軍は、翌永正6年(1509年)6月に琵琶湖を渡り、小関越から同6月17日に如意ケ嶽に3千名で陣をひいた。
- To break the deadlock, the armies under the command of Sumimoto HOSOKAWA and Yukinaga MIYOSHI proceeded over Lake Biwa in June in the next year 1509, and on July 14, 1509, from Kozekigoe, the army of three thousand men set up camp on Mt. Nyoigatake.
- 一方で勝家は四国の長宗我部元親や紀伊国の雑賀衆を取り込み、特に雑賀衆は秀吉の出陣中に和泉国岸和田城などに攻撃を仕掛けるなど、後方を脅かしている。
- Meanwhile, Katsuie won over Motochika CHOSOKABE of Shikoku and Saigashu (Ikko adherents of Saiga) of Kii Province, the latter of which especially threatened the rear regions through actions such as attacking castles including Kishiwada-jo Castle in Izumi Province while Hideyoshi was on another battlefield.
- 水軍を用意できなかった新田軍は、本陣を二本松(和田岬と会下山の中間)に置き、和田岬にも脇屋義助・大館氏明などの軍勢を配置して水軍の上陸に備えた。
- Nitta's army was unable to raise a navy, so established its headquarters in Nihonmatsu (between Wadamisaki and Egenoyama) and also deployed the forces of Yoshisuke WAKIYA and Ujiaki ODACHI in Wadamisaki in preparation for the naval landing.
- 松川合戦の時期は、『常山紀談』には慶長6年4月、『改正三河後風土記』『東国太平記』『会津陣物語』には、慶長6年4月26日と明確に記載されている。
- The 'Jozenkidan' tells that the Battle of Matsukawa broke out in April, 1601, whereas the 'Kaisei Mikawago Fudoki', the 'Togoku Taiheiki,' and the 'Aizujin Monogatari' clearly tell that it occurred on April 26, 1601.
- 景気の悪化など大きな不安要素はあったものの、5月に行われた第10回衆議院議員総選挙で、与党政友会が歴史的大勝を果たした矢先の退陣は憶測を呼んだ。
- Although there were certain disturbing elements such as economic downturn in those days, the resignation prompted a flurry of speculation because the cabinet was dissolved shortly after the ruling Seiyu Party won the tenth general election of the House of Representative in May with a historic landslide victory.
- もとは戒重村(現在の奈良県桜井市戒重)に芝村陣屋を構えていたため、戒重藩(かいじゅうはん)とも呼ばれるが、第7代藩主・織田輔宜の時代に移転した。
- Since initially the domain held its jinya (regional government office) in Kaiju Village (present Kaiju, Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture), it is also called Kaiju Domain; however, during time of the seventh lord of the domain, Sukeyoshi ODA, it was moved to the Shiba Village.
- 徳川方は豊臣方の買占めによる兵糧不足があり、また真冬の陣でもあったため、12月3日 (旧暦)より織田長益を通じて豊臣方との和平交渉を行っている。
- The Tokugawa side, lacking army provisions because of the cornering of goods by the Toyotomi side, and because of the battle in winter, started peace negotiations through Nagamasu ODA on December 3 (the old calendar).
- 映画やテレビドラマ、演劇では、雪の降りしきる夜、赤穂浪士は袖先に山形模様のそろいの羽織を着込み、内蔵助が「一打三流」の山鹿流陣太鼓を打ち鳴らす。
- In movies, TV series, and theatrical performances, Ako Roshi wears a matching haori (Japanese half-coat) with Yamaga design on underneath, and Kuranosuke bangs the Yamaga style jin-daiko (a battle drum used to order troop movements) in heavy snow.
- 甲賀武士達は山中でその地の利を生かしてさまざまな奇襲をかけ、また時には夜陰に義尚の本陣に迫って火や煙を放つなど、さんざん幕府軍を苦しめたという。
- It is said that Koga warriors took a geographical advantage in the mountains to make various surprise attacks against the bakufu army and tormented them by using fire and smoke on Yoshihisa's headquarters during the night.
- また、信玄は信仰する諏訪大社の加護を信じて「南無諏方南宮法性上下大明神(なむすわなんぐうほっしょうかみしもだいみょうじん)」を本陣旗としている。
- Further, Shingen believed in the divine protection from the Suwa-taisha Shrine which he had faith in, and used the emblem of 'Namusuwananguhosshokamishimodaimyojin' on his battle flag for the headquarters.
- その後、豊臣氏はあくまで徳川氏に従わず、独立を維持しようとしたため、慶長19年(1614年)からの大坂の陣において、家康により滅ぼされたのである。
- Afterward, as the Toyotomi clan would not obey the Tokugawa clan and attempted to be independent, they were defeated by Ieyasu in Osaka no Jin (The Siege of Osaka), which started in 1614.
- 大友軍は1,000騎を大村山上に、豊前・豊後を結ぶ道の立石峠に一萬田親実と田北鑑生の1,000騎、地蔵峠に志手泰久と野原昌久の800騎を布陣した。
- The Otomo camp deployed 1000 horsemen on Mt. Omure, 1000 horsemen headed by Chikazane ICHIMADA and Akinari TAKITA on Tateishi-toge pass between Buzen and Bungo, and 800 horsemen headed by Yasuhisa SHIDE and Masahisa NODA on Jizo-toge pass.
- 続いて奥保鞏大将率いる第2軍 (日本軍)が遼東半島の塩大墺に上陸し、5月26日、旅順半島の付け根にある南山のロシア軍陣地を攻略した(南山の戦い)。
- The Second Troops (the Japanese Army) under the command of General Yasukata OKU landed on Yandayu on the Liaodong Peninsula and captured the Russian position in Nanshan May 26th (Battle of Nanshan).
- 別所氏を滅ぼした三木合戦においては腹心の竹中重治(半兵衛)が陣没し、その他多くの将兵を失い、また上月城の戦いでは尼子勝久ら尼子氏の残党軍を失った。
- Hideyoshi also lost his right-hand man, Shigeharu, or Hanbei, TAKENAKA at the Battle of Miki, which put the Bessho clan to an end, while he lost the remnant troops of the Amago clan including Katsuhisa AMAGO at the Battle of Kozuki-jo Castle.
- 平直方の征伐にも屈しなかった忠常が、頼信の出陣によりあっけなく降伏したのは、忠常が頼信の家人であった(『今昔物語集』)ためであるともいわれている。
- It is said that Tadatsune, who did not yield to the conquest of TAIRA no Naokata, simply surrendered when Yorinobu participated because Tadatsune was a kenin (retainer) of Yorinobu ('Konjaku Monogatari (Shu)' (The Tale of Times Now Past)).
- 大坂の征討大将軍仁和寺宮の陣に合流を目指したが上手くいかず、更に「親兵組」と称し御親兵として御所警衛にあたることに拘ったが最後まで不調のまま終った。
- The Eastern Company aimed to join forces with the army of Prince Ninnajinomiya, the Seito Taishogun (the supreme commander temporarily appointed to destroy the shogunate), at Osaka, but their attempts to do so did not succeed; moreover, they acquired the nickname the 'Shinpeigumi' (Company of Imperial Soldiers) and tried to attain the role of guarding the palace as imperial guardsmen, but the fighting ended before they ever organized themselves into an effective unit.
- 伊達政宗は福島城の目と鼻の先である羽黒山(信夫山)の麓黒沼神社に本陣を置き、首級実検を行った(首級三百余、武頭五人、他馬上百騎討ち取り))(註2)。
- Masamune DATE set up the headquarters in the Kuronuma-jinja Shrine at the foot of Mt. Haguro (Mr. Shinobu) a little way from the Fukushima-jo Castle and inspected severed heads (300 severed heads, 5 dead bodies of military commanders, and other 100 dead bodies of horsemen) (*2).
- 馬路杉浦氏の所領は相模国及び丹波国に分散していたが、桑田郡馬路に陣屋を置き、蔵米などの産物の会計を担当する「掛屋」の銭屋覚兵衛による紙幣を発行した。
- While the territories of Umaji-Sugiuwa clan were located in Sagami Province and in Tanba Province separately, the clan placed the jinya in Umaji, Kuwata County, to issue paper money through Kakubei ZENIYA of the 'Kakeya,' the position who was in charge of the accounts of products, such as kuramai (the rice crop to be sold).
- 原則として守護は小荷駄に用いる駄馬と陣夫の徴発を行う権利を有しており、戦国大名も同様の実権を保有していたが、実際には小荷駄奉行の裁量に任されていた。
- In principle, shugo (provincial constable) had a right to press packhorses and servicemen used for konida, and so did warring lords, but actually it was konidabugyo (the commissioner of rear-echelon support troops) who was the decision maker.
- こうして兵力と補給に余裕が出てきたことにより朝鮮南部の支配を既定事実とするため、朝鮮南部へ布陣した諸将を動員して第二次晋州城攻防戦で晋州城を攻略した。
- Thus, as they could gain some leeway both in troop strength and supplies, in order to control southern Korea an established fact, commanders camped in southern Korea were called up to attack Jinju Castle (the second Siege of Jinju).
- ・註2:「敵兵悉ク福嶋ヘ逃入ノ後、公、羽黒山ノ麓、黒沼神社ノ邊ニ御本陣ヲ備エラレ、首級ヲ実検シ玉フ。濱尾漸齋御側ニ同候シ、披露ス」(『伊達治家記録』)
- Note 2: 'After all the enemies ran away to the Fukushima-jo Castle, Masamune set up the headquarters in the Kuronuma-jinja Shrine at the foot of Mr. Haguro to inspect severed heads; Zensai HAMAO (濱尾漸齋) stood next to him to show the heads' ('Date chika kiroku').
- 長清は陣屋を戒重から岩田に移そうと願い出て宝永元年(1704年)4月11日に認められたが、しかし長清の治世末期頃から財政悪化が表面化し実現しなかった。
- Nagakiyo had applied for the relocation of the domain's jinya from Kaiju to Iwata, which was accepted in May 14, 1704; however, since the financial situation worsened towards the end of his administration, the moving was not realized.
- そこで妻女山に陣をしいた上杉軍を取り囲んで兵糧攻めにしたところ、窮地を脱しようと上杉軍が全軍で武田軍本陣に突撃をかけたのではないかとする説が生まれた。
- From this, the following view was generated: the Takeda side enclosed the Uesugi's forces that had set up their military base on Saijo-yama Mountain and employed the starving strategy, and for this, the entire Uesugi's forces rushed to attack the main military base of the Takeda forces to escape from the difficult situation.
- 秀忠は同日4日に岡山に着陣し、家康が講和を策している事を知り家康に総攻撃を具申するが、家康は敵を侮る事を戒め戦わずに勝つ事を考えよとこれを退けている。
- Hidetada, arriving at Okayama on 4th of the same day, and knowing that Ieyasu was thinking of pacification, advised Ieyasu to make an all-out attack, however, Ieyasu rejected it, telling him not to take the enemies lightly, but to think of winning without fighting.
- ともかく「戦陣訓」には耗弱した軍の組織の反映があり,聡明なる兵隊はそれを読んだ時点で,すでに兵隊そのものの危機を予感したかもしれない。」と述べている。
- Anyway, 'Senjinkun military code' reflects the drastically weakened militaty organization, and therefore, a clever soldier would have already expected the crisis of the army when he read it.'
- 後醍醐天皇は尊氏のこの要請を受けず、11月に義貞に尊氏追討を命じて出陣させるが、新田軍は敗北し、1336年(建武 (日本)3年)1月に足利軍は入京する。
- Emperor Godaigo refused this demand by Takauji, and in the eleventh month he commanded Yoshisada to send his army out to hunt down Takauji; but the Nitta army was defeated, and in the first month of 1336 the Ashikaga army entered the capital.
- この別働隊に妻女山の上杉軍を攻撃させ、上杉軍が勝っても負けても山を下るから、これを平野部に布陣した本隊が待ち伏せし、別働隊と挟撃して殲滅する作戦である。
- This military strategy was as follows: This separate troop attacks Uesugi's forces on Saijo-san Mountain; regardless of the result, Uesugi's forces will come down the mountain; and then the body of Takeda's forces is awaiting in the plain field, and eventually the two troops take the pincer attack movement to destroy Uesugi's forces completely.
- 更に本庄繁長が福島城の西門から打ち出て、伊達政宗の陣屋に火をかけ小荷駄を燃やしたため、政宗はもはや戦場にとどまることができず、大崎へと逃げ帰っていった。
- Masamune could not stay in the battle field anymore and then ran way to Osaki because Shigenaga HONJO went out of the Nishi-mon (West gate) of the Fukushima-jo Castle and set fire to Masamune DATE's encampment to burn provisions.
- 大坂冬の陣で家康は一旦和睦し堀を埋め立てた後に再度、兵を挙げる事で大坂城を落としているが、この方法は家康が存命中の秀吉に直接聞いたものという逸話がある。
- After a peace treaty and reclamation of the moats in Osaka Fuyu no Jin, Ieyasu raised an army again and captured Osaka-jo Castle and there is an episode that Ieyasu heard about this approach directly from Hideyoshi when he was alive.
- 1575年(天正3年) 織田信長の「天下布武」の下、摂津国を平定した荒木村重が、織田陣営の丹波国攻略の要として家臣の安都部弥市郎を荒木重堅と改名させる。
- In 1575 Murashige ARAKI who had suppressed Settsu Province under the banner of Nobunaga ODA's 'Tenka-fubu' (a slogan that means that the samurai governs the whole world) had his vassal change his name from Yaichiro ATOBE to Shigekata ARAKI as the pivot of Oda camp in conquering Tanba Province.
- 大野九郎兵衛は実は逃げたわけではなく、大石が失敗した時に備えた第二陣の大将であり、米沢藩へ逃げ込むであろう吉良を待ちうけて山形県の板谷峠に潜伏していた。
- As a matter of fact, Kurobei ONO did not run away but stayed at Itaya Ridge in Yamagata Prefecture as a leader of the second troop to catch Kira in case Oishi was unsuccessful, since they thought he would be escaping to Yonezawa Domain.
- 一方で、諸大名中最大の石高を持ちながら、関東移封直後で新領地の整備のために九州への出陣止まりで朝鮮への派兵を免れた徳川家康が隠然たる力を持つようになった。
- On the other hand, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who had the largest Kokudaka (assessed yield; tax system based on rice, measured by reference to the rated annual yield of the domain) among daimyo, but as he had been moved to Kanto just before, he only headed troops to Kyushu, but was exempt from going to Korea to fight in order to consolidate new territory, came to have latent powers.
- 原則として月5日の休日(毎月6・12・18・24・晦日)を除いて毎日開催されることになっていたが、平安時代中期には月数回にまで減少し、陣定などに代わった。
- As a principle the conference was held every day excluding five holidays a month (days 6, 12, 18, and the last day of each month), however, it was reduced to several times a month in the middle Heian period, and was replaced by Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council).
- 信長自身が出陣したことで徳川に対する義理(後詰)も果たしている(ただし、第一次高天神城の戦いで事実上見捨てており、少なくとも武田を退かせる必要はあった)。
- He did his duty to the Tokugawa clan by leading his troops (as the rear guard) (although he at least should have made the Takeda force retreat before abandoning the battle after the first battle at Takatenjin-jo Castle).
- また、『実隆公記』によると「夜大雨になったのを利用して走った」という記述を見受けられるため、両陣営は対峙したが、夜陰の大雨にまぎれて逃げ去ったという説もある
- From the description of 'Sanetaka koki' (The Sanetaka's Diary) that 'they fled under cover of the downpour started during the night,' there was an opinion that the two sides might have confronted each other once but fled under cover of the heavy rain and darkness.
- 政治においては、スキャンダル等によって退陣を余儀なくされた内閣総理大臣が、なお与党内において最も強力な影響力を保持している場合に「院政」の比喩が用いられる。
- In politics, a case where a prime minister has had no choice but to resign due to a scandal, etc., but retains the strongest influence within the ruling party, is referred to as 'insei.'
- ちなみに長清以来の歴代藩主が陣屋の移転にこだわったのは、戒重が年貢収納に不便な土地だったのに対し、芝村(岩田村)が藩領の中心地で何かと便利だったためである。
- The reason why successive lords of the domain since Nagakiyo were particular about a move of the jinya is that Shiba Village (Iwata Village) was located in the center of the territory and convenient for doing anything; whereas Kaiju is an inconvenient place to collect land tax.
- 重政は大坂の陣においても徳川家康に味方して軍功を挙げたため、元和 (日本)2年(1616年)に肥前島原藩4万3000石に加増移封され、五条藩は廃藩となった。
- Since Shigemasa again made military contributions under Ieyasu in the Siege of Osaka, he was promoted and transferred to Bizen Shimabara Domain with 43,000 koku in 1616, leading to the closure of Gojo Domain.
- 6月25日、雷撃隊は大口の南に布陣し、曽木、菱刈にて官軍と戦ったが、覆水盆に返ることなく、相良率いる行進隊と中島率いる振武隊と合流し、南へと後退していった。
- On June 26, the Raigeki-tai troop set up a battle formation in the south of Oguchi and fought the government army in Sogi and in Hishikari, but could not reverse the situation and was forced to retreat towards the south with the Koshin-tai troop led by SAGARA and the Shinbu-tai troop led by NAKAJIMA.
- なお、緊急時には政が開かれず、会議が開かれる陣座に待機していた上卿がこれを確認した後で参議・少納言が結政所にいる弁官に請印を求める結政請印という手続もあった。
- In times of emergencies, Sei were not held but an upper courtier who was waiting at the meeting would confirm this, and the Sangi (councilor) or Shonagon would ask the Benkan at the Katanashi-dokoro to attach the seal to the document and this procedure was called Katanashi shoin.
- 保元元年(1156年)7月6日 (旧暦)、宇治市の警護にあたっていた平基盛(清盛の次男)が、上皇方に参陣しようとしていた大和源氏の源親治(宇野親治)を捕える。
- On July 31, 1156, TAIRA no Motomori, the second son of Kiyomori, on the task of guarding Uji City, apprehended MINAMOTO no Chikaharu (Chikaharu UNO) of the Yamato-Genji, who was to join the retired emperor's side.
- しかし幕府は藩祖・且元の大坂の陣における功績を考慮して、為次の弟にあたる片桐且昭を3000石の交代寄合として取り立てることで片桐氏の名跡を存続させようとした。
- Still, the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) attempted to preserve the Katagiri clan name to honor the domain founder Katsumoto's accomplishments at the Siege of Osaka by granting the status of kotai yoriai (landholding vassal with alternate attendance obligations) with 3,000 koku to Tametsugu's younger brother Katsuteru KATAGIRI.
- 陣営の呼称として、新政府側については官軍、西軍、薩長軍、旧幕府側については東軍、といった呼び方もなされるが、本項目では便宜上新政府軍と旧幕府軍に呼称を統一する。
- Each of the camps may be referred to as the Imperial forces, the Seigun (forces in the west) and the Sat-Cho forces on the new government's side, and the Togun (forces in the east) on the former Shogunate's side, but, in this section, they are conveniently referred as to the new government's forces and the former Shogunate forces.
- 元治元年に入ると、孝明天皇を再び長州陣営のものとする為、京都に乗り込もうとする積極策が長州で論じられた(この時の積極的に上洛を説いたのが、来島又兵衛、久坂玄瑞。
- Arriving in 1864, those in Choshu debated whether to adopt a proactive plan to march on Kyoto in a second attempt to win Emperor Komei over to the Choshu camp (at this point, the two arguing for the active advance on Kyoto were Matabe KIJIMA and Genzui KUSAKA.)
- また、城砦としての防衛能力を重視した場所は必ずしも交通の便が良いところではなく、交易都市の色彩を強めるにつれ城が放棄され陣屋などに行政中心が移ったケースも多い。
- Additionally, places that placed an emphasis on defensive ability as a castle retreat were not in places with good transportation, and as they started to increasingly become trade cities, Jinya instead of castles became the center of government.
- 梁川中心市街(梁川城下)から国道349号線を1.5kmほど北上して阿武隈川を越えると、左手に、当時、梁川城に対峙して伊達軍が布陣したという小山…大枝城跡がある。
- Across the Abukumagawa River 1.5 km north from the Yanagawa city center (Yanagawa-jo castle town) through National Route 349, Oyama, the Oeda-jo Castle where the Date army lined up to face Abukuma-jo Castle can been seen on the left.
- この乱により興福寺の権威は揺らぎ義教の支配が強まったが、永享12年(1440年)には早くも、結城合戦と関連した動きを見せた越智氏討伐のため幕府軍が出陣している。
- This war undermined the authority of Kofuku-ji Temple and strengthened the rule of Yoshinori but, as early as in 1440, the army of bakufu was forced to go back into battle to subdue the Ochi clan who made a move connected with Yuki War.
- これにより安土桃山時代に3千近くもあったといわれる城が約170まで激減し(陣屋を含めると約300)、結果として家臣団や領民の城下町集住が一層進んだとされている。
- As a result, the number of castles which were said nearly as many as 3,000 in the Azuchi Momoyama period dropped sharply to about 170 (about 300 when regional government offices included), and consequently, grouped housing of vassals and domain people in castle towns progressed more.
- この梅北一揆はもともと遅れ気味であった島津氏の文禄の役参陣をさらに遅らせてしまう結果となり、島津義弘をもってして「日本一の遅陣」と言わしめるほどの失態につながった。
- Umekita ikki caused the further delay in sending of troops from the Shimazu clan that was already late in the Bunroku Campaign, as Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, the head of the Shimazu clan, recognized it as 'the slowest dispatch of troops in the country.'
- 翌日、徳川方は近隣の小豪族で真田氏に味方した丸子氏(後、真田氏に臣従)の篭る丸子城を攻めるが、これも要害と頑強な抵抗に阻まれ攻略できず、以後20日間程対陣を続ける。
- The following day, Tokugawa's army attacked Maruko-jo Castle where a neighboring small local ruling family, the Maruko clan, (served Sanada clan later) who sided the Sanada clan was besieged, but again, they were blocked by a fort and robust resistance and kept the position for about twenty days.
- 鋳造品では、中尊寺円乗院所蔵品として神仏習合思想を端的に示す『金銅釈迦如来像御正体』(重要文化財)、金色堂内陣長押に掛けられた『金銅華鬘』(国宝。金色院蔵)がある。
- 'Kondo Shaka Nyorai zo mishotai' (an important cultural property) possessed by Chuson-ji Temple Enjo-in that partly represents the thoughts of syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism and 'Kondo-Keman' (a national treasure, possessed by Konjiki-in Temple) are some of the casting products.
- 三田藩が陣屋を置いた三田町は、周辺の摂津・播磨内陸部の国境地帯が幕府領、小藩領、関東諸藩の飛地領、旗本領等の錯綜地であったこともあり、商業の一大中心地として栄えた。
- Mita-cho, where Sanda Domain established its jinya, flourished as the center of commerce because it was close to the border between Settsu Province and Harima Province (where many territories of the shogunate, small domains, detached areas of domains in Kanto region, and hatamoto were located).
- 天誅組は天の辻の本陣へ戻り、忠光は紀伊国新宮へ打って出て船で脱出して四国、九州で募兵することを提案するが、吉村らはこれに従わず、忠光は吉村らと別れて別行動をとった。
- Tenchu-gumi returned to the headquarters in Ten no Tsuji; Tadamitsu suggested that they go to Shingu in Kii Province and from there go to Shikoku and Kyushu to recruit soldiers, which however YOSHIMURA and others did not follow; Tadamitsu broke away from YOSHIMURA and others and went on separate ways.
- 突撃した大友軍は親将が杉長門を一騎討ちで討ち取るなど、初期はよく戦ったが、数で勝る大内軍は鶴翼の陣に切り替え、前後左右から少数の大友軍を攻め、壮絶な死闘が展開された。
- In the beginning, the swooping down Otomo army successfully fought the enemy such that Chikamasa defeated Nagato SUGI in a one-on-one fight -- On the other hand, since the Ouchi army outnumbered the Otomo army, it changed their battle formation to kakuyoku (crane's wing), and encircled and attacked the Otomo army, which resulted in a fierce and desperate battle.
- これが「上七軒」の由来で、桃山時代に豊臣秀吉が北野で大茶会を開いた折に茶店側は団子を献上したところ大いに誉められて以来、また西陣の結びつきで花街としての繁栄を極める。
- The name 'Kamishichiken' (literally meaning 'upper seven houses') originated from this fact, and Kamishichiken has prospered as a hanamachi, with close ties to Nishijin, ever since Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI held a large tea ceremony in Kitano in the Momoyama period and greatly praised the dumpling cake the tea house served.
- 1867年から横浜市の大田陣屋で幕府伝習隊の教練をしていたフランス軍事顧問団から副隊長ジュール・ブリュネ砲兵大尉ら約10人がフランス軍籍を脱走して蝦夷政権に参加した。
- About ten soldiers including Assistant Chief Jules Brunet, Captain of Artillery Unit, deserted French Military Advisory Team which was giving a military drill to Bakufu Denshutai (Edo shogunate's army) at Ota Jinya (regional government office) in Yokohama City from 1867, and abandoned the French national army to join the Ezo Government.
- 6日夜、伊達の国見山本陣に、上杉景勝家臣藤田能登家士斉藤兵部が、伊達・信夫の百姓等4千人を伴い内通してきた他、直江山城守鉄砲頭極楽寺内匠が伊達成実に協力を申し出てきた。
- On October 6 at night, Hyobe SAITO (斉藤兵部), a retainer of Noto FUJITA who was a vassal of Kagekatsu UESUGI visited the Date's headquarters in Mt. Kunimi with about 4,000 peasants and others from Date and Shinobu Districts to hold secret communication, and Takumi Gokurakuji (極楽寺内匠), the head of the artillery for Yamashiro no kami (governor of Yamashiro Province) NAOE offered Shigesane DATE his cooperation.
- 将門が両者の調停仲介に乗り出し、興世王と武蔵武芝を会見させて和解させたが、どういう経緯か不明だが、武芝の兵がにわかに経基の陣営を包囲し、驚いた経基は逃げ出してしまった。
- Masakado began mediation efforts and succeeded in reconcilation between Prince Okiyo and MUSASHI no Takeshiba, but Takeshiba and his army unexpectedly laid siege on Tsunemoto's camp, catching Tsunemoto by surprise and causing him to flee.
- そして且元退去にあわせるように家康が大坂の陣を起こし、翌年には豊臣氏を滅ぼしたのを見てもわかるように、豊臣氏は且元という最後の柱石を自ら砕き、自爆してしまったのである。
- Proven by the fact that Ieyasu waged the Siege of Osaka immediately after Katsumoto's departure from the Toyotomi camp, as if he had been waiting for this to happen, the Toyotomi had in fact brought destruction on itself by pulling out their last pillar of strength and hope.
- 和泉国堺(現・大阪府堺市)では、豪商今井宗久の子今井宗薫が大坂の陣ののちに徳川家に代官として取り立てられることにより旗本となり、堺宿院町に屋敷を構え、旗本札を発行した。
- In Sakai, Izumi Province (present Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture), Sokun IMAI, a son of Sokyu IMAI of a wealthy merchant, was specifically picked as a local governor by the Tokugawa family after The Siege of Osaka to become a Hatamoto, having a residence in Sakai-shukuin-cho, and issued Hatamoto-satsu.
- 天狗党は武田耕雲斎を総大将とし、大軍師に山国兵部、本陣に田丸稲之衛門、輔翼に藤田小四郎と竹内百太郎を中心として天勇隊・虎勇隊・竜勇隊、正武隊・義勇隊、奇兵隊を編成した。
- Tenguto had Kounsai TAKEDA as supreme commander, Hyobu YAMAGUNI as military advisor, Inanoemon TAMARU at headquarters of army, Koshiro FUJITA and Hyakutaro TAKEUCHI as assistants, and organized 天勇隊, 虎勇隊, 竜勇隊, 正武隊, 義勇隊 and Kiheitai Army.
- 6日に泰時、時房の率いる主力の東海道軍10万騎が尾張川を渡河し墨俣の陣に攻めかかった時にはもぬけの殻、山田重忠のみが杭瀬川で奮戦するが、京方は総崩れになり、大敗を喫した。
- On the sixth day, the main shogunal force, 100,000 riders advancing up the Tokaido under the command of Yasutoki and Tokifusa, crossed Owari river; when they attacked the enemy encampment at Sunomata, they found it completely empty, and only Shigetada YAMADA offered any fierce resistance at Kuise river, making the engagement a complete rout for the capital faction, who had been dealt a crushing defeat.
- これが「上七軒」の由来で、安土桃山時代に豊臣秀吉が北野で大茶会を開いた折に茶店側は団子を献上したところ大いに誉められて以来、また西陣の結びつきで花街としての繁栄を極める。
- The name 'Kamishichiken' (literally meaning 'upper seven houses') originated from this fact, and Kamishichiken has prospered as a hanamachi, with close ties to Nishijin, ever since Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI held a large tea ceremony in Kitano in the Momoyama period and greatly praised the dumpling cake served by the teahouse.
- 文久3年(1863年)、大和新庄藩の第8代藩主・永井直壮は幕府による文久の改革の一端である参勤交代制度改革の余波を受けて、陣屋を櫛羅に新設したことから、櫛羅藩を立藩した。
- The domain was founded in 1863, when Naotaka NAGAI, the eighth lord of Yamato Shinjo Domain, moved the government office to Kujira, as a result of the reform of the Sankinkotai (a system under which feudal lords in the Edo period were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo) implemented by the shogunate as part of its Bunkyu Reform.
- 元亀元年(1570年)9月12日に顕如は「信長は本願寺を取り潰す仏敵である」として本願寺門徒に檄を飛ばし、三好氏攻略のために摂津福島に陣を敷いていた織田軍を突如攻撃した。
- On October 21, 1570, Kennyo issued a manifesto to his believers, declaring that Nobunaga was a enemy of Buddhist who was trying to destroy Hongan-ji Temple, and suddenly attacked the Oda army that was deployed in Settsu Fukushima to attack the Miyoshi clan.
- そこで義尚は本陣を栗太郡に位置する鈎の安養寺へ移し、甲賀城を攻めてこれを落城させるのだが、脱出した六角父子は配下の甲賀武士達に命じ、山中でゲリラを展開して頑強に抵抗した。
- Then, Yoshihisa moved the headquarter to Magari no Anyo-ji Temple located in Kurita-gun County and attacked the Koka-jo Castle, and the Koka-jo Castle fell, but the father and the son Rokkaku escaped and ordered the Koga warriors who followed them to resist adamantly against Ashikaga by guerrilla warfare in the mountains.
- いわゆる藩閥出身者が殆どを占め、長州藩・薩摩藩出身者が各4名ずつ入閣させる(ただし、薩摩閥の中核と見られていた黒田清隆は当初入閣せず)などのバランス重視型の布陣となった。
- Organized with an emphasis on balanced assignment, the cabinet consisted mainly of people from domain cliques, with 4 people from the Choshu Domain and four from the Satsuma Domain being inducted into the cabinet (however, Kiyotaka KURODA, who was thought to be the central figure of the Satsuma clique, did not get a place in the Cabinet at that time).
- 優れた馬などは最前線にて用いられたために、小荷駄隊は足軽及び農村から徴発された人夫(陣夫)が駄馬や荷車に兵糧などを載せて引率するという機動性・戦闘力いずれも劣る部隊である。
- Since swift horses were used on the front lines, a Konidatai was a troop with inferior mobility and fighting capability that carried provisions on daba (packhorses) and carts by ashigaru (common foot soldiers) and laborers (servicemen) levied from farming villages.
- 越前国守護となった朝倉貞景 (9代当主)と美濃国守護の土岐成頼は、地理的にも加賀よりも参陣しやすい条件にありながら、次の標的が自分たちに向けられる事を危惧して動かなかった。
- Sadakage ASAKURA (the ninth family head) who became Echizen no kuni shugo (the Governor of Echizen Province) and Mino no kuni shugo (the Governor of Mino Province) Shigeyori TOKI did not move for fear that they would become the next targets, although they had geographically better conditions than Kaga Province to join the camp.
- 六角氏は六角定頼が当主(あるいは陣代)の時代、北近江の戦国大名であった浅井氏を事実上の支配下に置き、さらに室町幕府からも管領代の地位を与えられるなどして全盛期を迎えていた。
- When Sadayori ROKKAKU was the family head (or Jindai, a deputy whose role was to proceed to battlefield on behalf of his load during the Muromachi period thereafter), Rokkaku clan entered into the height of its prosperity such as dominating in effect the Azai clan who was the warring load of Kita Omi Province and being granted the post of Kanrei-dai (representative of a shogunal deputy) by Muromachi Shougunate.
- こうした勘文は陣定・院評定などの会議資料として用いられた他、『法曹類林』や『政事要略』以下多くの明法家の著書に採録され、後には公家法の法源の1つとして扱われる場合もあった。
- Such kanmon were used as conference materials in Jin no sadame and In no hyojo (consultation under the government by the retired Emperor) and included in many works by Myobo-ke such as 'Hosoruirin' and 'Seiji yoryaku,' and later treated as one of the sources of court noble laws.
- 日本から私軍・私戦が一掃されるのは豊臣政権の惣無事令施行とその違反者に対する「公儀の軍勢による征伐」(小田原の陣・奥州仕置)によってこの方針の貫徹が行われて以後の事になる。
- The complete elimination of watakushiikusa and shisen was accomplished only after the Toyotomi government's enforcement of sobuji rei (Peace edicts) and after this policy was carried through by 'the punitive expeditions of shogunate's army' (Odawara no Jin [the Siege of Odawara] and Oshu-shioki [the Repression of Oshu District]).
- 戦国時代初期の頃は通常農閑期に行われる戦は農民兵たちにとって支給される賃金と陣中食はじめ兵糧、即ち現金収入がある出稼ぎと食い扶持減らしの出来る一挙両得の短期雇用の場であった。
- At the beginning of the Sengoku Period, battles which were usually conducted in off-season for farmers were an opportunity for peasant soldiers for short-term employment with ikkyoryotoku (killing two birds with one stone) where they could obtain wages to be paid and army provisions including a combat ration, in other words, cash income and a decrease in payment for food.
- このため、この地域における旗本は、関ヶ原の戦い前後から大坂の陣による豊臣家滅亡前後まで、徳川家が勢力拡大及び地域安定化のために地生えの武家勢力・豪商などを取り立てた例が多い。
- Therefore, many of the Hatamoto in this area were local samurai or wealthy merchants picked by the Tokugawa family to expand its power and to stabilize the state of the area from around the Battle of Sekigahara to around the downfall of the Toyotomi family by The Siege of Osaka.
- 6月には東海地方・畿内の門徒が山科に結集して、実如の子である実円と下間頼盛に率いられて出陣し、門徒として知られていた飛騨国の内ヶ島氏の支援を受けて飛騨山中から加賀に侵入した。
- In June, the followers from the Tokai region and Kinai massed in Yamashina, left for the front under the command of Jitsunyo's child Jitsuen and Raisei SHIMOTSUMA, and invaded Kaga from the Hida mountains with the support of the Uchigashima clan in Hida Province, who had been known as one of the followers.
- 横川方面が官軍に制圧されてしまったため、7月1日、薩軍の雷撃隊六・八・十・十三番中隊、干城隊一・三・五・七・九番中隊、正義隊四番中隊等の諸隊は踊に退却し、陣をこの地に敷いた。
- On July 1, since the Yokokawa area had been brought under the control of the government army, the 6th, 8th, 10th, and 13th companies of the Raigeki-tai troop, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th companies of the Kanjo-tai troop, and the 4th company of the Seigi-tai troop of the Satsuma army retreated to Odori and took up a camp there.
- これに対抗して『信長公記』では織田信長軍の布陣の様子を、'二重、三重堀をほり、塀、柵を付け、手前々々堅固に申し付けられ候'としており、有岡城に対する砦のようなものが建てられた。
- In contrast, according to 'Shinchoko-ki,' troops of Nobunaga ODA took up position by digging ditches double and triple, providing walls and fences to guard tightly forming a fort-like structure against Arioka-jo Castle.
- だが、信長が出陣した時点で既に退却か長篠城強襲かを決定する必要があるため(信長の岐阜出陣は5月13日、三河牛久保から設楽原へ向かったのが5月17日)その可能性は低いことになる。
- This is however unlikely because they had to decide whether they would retreat or raid Nagashino Castle when Nobunaga set off with his troops (from Gifu on July 1 and left Ushikubo in Mikawa for Shitaragahara on July 5).
- 19日の源氏一族の会合では後白河を奉じて関東に出陣するという案が飛び出し(『玉葉』閏10月20日条)、26日には興福寺の衆徒に頼朝討伐の命が下された(『玉葉』閏10月26日条)。
- At the meeting of the Genji clan on December 12, an idea was put forth that they should depart to the front in the Kanto region, setting Goshirakawa up as the lord ('Gyokuyo,' entry of December 13), and on December 19, an order to hunt down and kill MINAMOTO no Yoritomo was given to monk-soldiers of Kofuku-ji Temple ('Gyokuyo,' entry of December 19).
- 代表的なものとしては京都においては後の西陣の源流となった大舎人の織手座や祇園社の綿座・錦座、北野社の麹座、山城大山崎の油座、摂津今宮の魚座、鎌倉の材木座、博多の油座などがあった。
- The major za were the orite-za (guild of weavers) in Otoneri, Kyoto, which became the origin of the later Nishijin brocade (high-quality silk fabrics produced in the Nishijin district of Kyoto), the wata-za (cotton guild) and the nishiki-za (brocade guild) which were under the umbrella of the Gion-sha Shrine, the koji-za (rice malt guild) under the Kitano-sha Shrine, the yu-za (oil guild) in Oyamazaki, Yamashiro Province, the uo-za (fish guild) in Imamiya, Settsu Province, the zaimoku-za (guild of lumber dealers) in Kamakura, and the yu-za (oil guild) in Hakata.
- より具体的には「長篠の戦いの緒戦で、武田軍は家老山県昌景を一番手として織田陣営を攻め立てたに対し、織田軍の足軽は身を隠したままひたすら鉄砲を撃ち、誰一人前に出ることはなかった。」
- More specifically, 'when the Takeda army led by Karo (chief retainer) Masakage YAMAGATA attacked the Oda side at the start of the Battle of Nagashino, the ashigaru (common foot soldiers) of the Oda army, none of whom stepped forward and who hid themselves, kept shooting the teppo.'
- 豊臣政権時から江戸時代後期に至るまでは、この戦役が日本が明の征服を目指す途上の朝鮮半島で行われたものであることから唐入り・唐御陣、あるいは高麗陣・朝鮮陣などの呼称が用いられていた。
- From the time of the Toyotomi Government to the late Edo period, as Japan carried out this war on the Korean Peninsula on the way to conquer Ming, it was called 'karairi' (literally, entering China), 'karagojin' (literally, China war), or 'Korai jin' (the Goryeio war), and 'Chosen jin' (literally, Korea wa).
- 一方、研究設備や研究成果、教授陣が充実している大学や、関西文化学術研究都市や神戸医療産業都市構想を初めとした産学官連携研究施設が集積しており、経済面の環境が縮小している訳ではない。
- On the other hand, universities with excellent research equipment, research achievements and professors, and research facilities based on industry-academia-government collaboration, including the Kansai Science City and the Kobe Medical Industry Development Project, are concentrated in the area, and it is not the case that the economical environment would decrease their size.
- 慶長5年(1600年)6月6日、大坂城西出丸において軍議が招集され、家康・秀忠が白河口、佐竹義宣 (右京大夫)が仙道口、伊達政宗が白石口、前田利長・堀秀治が越後口と布陣が決定した。
- On June 6, 1600, a war council was convened in the Nishi-demaru (defense strongpoint) of the Osaka-jo Castle and it was determined that Ieyasu and Ietada would take up their position at Shirakawa-guchi Gate, Yoshinobu SATAKE (Ukyo no daibu [Master of the Western Capital Offices]) at Sendo-guchi Gate, Masamune DATE at Shiraishi-guchi Gate, and Toshinaga MAEDA and Hideharu HORI at Echigo-guchi Gate.
- 高柳光寿の『長篠之戦』では、織田1万2000~1万3000、徳川4000~5000とし、武田8000~1万でその内、設楽原へ布陣した兵数が6000~7000という数字を唱えている。
- Mitsutoshi TAKAYANAGAI mentions in 'The Battle of Nagashino' that the Oda force had 12,000 to 13,000, Tokugawa 4,000 to 5,000 and Takeda 8,000 to 10,000, of whom 6,000 to 7,000 were deployed in Shitaragahara.
- 安政は慶長12年(1607年)にはさらに5000石を加増され、大坂の陣でも徳川方に与して武功を挙げたため、さらに1万5000石を加増の上で信濃国飯山藩3万5000石に加増移封された。
- Since Yasumasa who was further granted an additional properties bearing 5,000 koku in 1607 also participated in the Tokugawa side and rendered distinguished military service in the Osaka no Jin (The Siege of Osaka), he was additionally granted additional properties bearing 15,000 koku, and was transferred to the Iiyama Domain, Shinano Province with properties bearing 35,000 koku.
- 奥野将監にも同様に第二陣の大将とする逸話があるが、彼にはさらに浅野長矩の隠し子の姫を幕府に知られぬようこっそり育てる役目を大石から命じられていたためやむなく脱盟したという逸話がある。
- There is also an anecdote about Shogen OKUNO being a leader of the second troop; however, there is also a story which describes that he had to leave the group because Oishi ordered him to raise Naganori ASANO's illegitimate daughter without letting the bakufu know.
- 久米田の戦い(くめだのたたかい)は永禄5年(1562年)3月5日、和泉国八木村 (大阪府)郷の久米田寺周辺(現大阪府岸和田市)に布陣する三好義賢に対し、畠山高政が攻め入った日本の合戦。
- The battle of Kumeda was a battle that took place in Japan in which Takamasa HATAKEYAMA attacked Yoshitaka MIYOSHI who lined up around Kumeda-dera Temple (present Kishiwada City, Osaka Prefecture) in Yagi-mura, Izumi Province (Osaka) on March 5, 1562.
- 天正13年(1585年)には甲斐へ着陣して昌幸に沼田領の北条氏への引き渡しを求めるが、昌幸は徳川氏から与えられた領地ではないことを理由にして拒否し、さらに敵対関係にあった上杉氏と通じた。
- In 1585, Ieyasu arrived at an encampment in Kai and requested that Masayuki hand over Numata territory to the Hojo clan, but Masasuke rejected the request on the grounds that the territory was not given by the Tokugawa clan, and communicated with the Uesugi clan who was in a hostile relationship with him.
- 沙河では両軍の対陣が続いていたが、ロシア軍は新たに前線に着任したオスカル・フェルディナント・グリッペンベルク大将の主導のもと、1月25日に日本軍の最左翼に位置する黒溝台方面で攻勢に出た。
- While the confrontation across the Saka river continued, the Russian Army took the offensive on January 25 under the command of General Oskar-Ferdinand Grippenberg newly assigned to the front line in the Kokkodai area located on the extreme left wing of the Japanese Army.
- しかし久秀は永禄10年(1567年)10月10日に興福寺に布陣していた三好軍を奇襲して東大寺大仏殿を焼き払って三好三人衆を撃退する(東大寺大仏殿の戦い)など、一進一退の攻防が続けられた。
- However, Hisahide attacked the Miyoshi's army which was lined up at the Kofuku-ji Temple on October 10, 1567, and fought off them by setting a fire to the Daibutsu-den Hall (the Great Buddha hall) of Todai-ji Temple (warrior clashes at the Great Buddha Hall of Todai-ji temple); the battle was a seesaw war.
- 伊達軍が布陣した国見の厚樫山(あつかしやま)の山麓も国指定史跡に指定されているが、源頼朝の奥州藤原氏征伐の史跡としてであり、伊達政宗の福島侵攻の本陣が置かれたことはそれほど知られていない。
- The base of Mt. Atsukashi in Kunimi was designated as a national historical site because it is where Oshu Fujiwara clan was conquered by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo bur the fact that Masamune DATE set up the headquarters there for invading Fukushima has not been well-known.
- (※松川での川中での岡左内と政宗の太刀打ちの逸話は、「改正後三河風土記」「東国太平記」「会津陣物語」(杉原彦左衛門、物語覚条々)の全てに記載され、いずれも慶長六年四月廿六日で一致している。)
- (* The episode of the sword fighting between Sanai OKA and Masamune in the river of Matsukawa is written in the 'Kaiseigo Mikawa Fudoki,' the 'Togoku Taiheiki,' and the 'Aizujin Monogatari' [a note on 杉原彦左衛門 Hikozaemon SUGIHARA story], which share the view that the battle broke out on April 26, 1601.
- 律令初期は原則どおり議政官会議における決定を受けて太政官符が発給されたと考えられているが、平安中期頃になると、上卿(太政官筆頭)が主宰する陣定での決定をもとに太政官符が発給されるようになった。
- During the early period under the Ritsuryo system, it is considered that Daijokanpu was issued in accordance with the principles following the decision of the Giseikan Conference, but in the middle of the Heian period, Daijokanpu came to be issued based on Jin no Sadame (one of the Imperial conferences) hosted by Shokei (court novels who work at Imperial Court as high rank post) (the top official of Daijokan).
- なお、10世紀に入ると、官人の犯罪に関する裁判の権能が太政官の陣定に移された関係上、犯罪の罪名や処罰に関する明法勘文が大きな部分を占めて、特に「罪名勘文」(ざいみょうかんもん)とも呼ばれている。
- In the tenth century, when the authority related to trials of government officials' crimes was moved to Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council) of Daijokan, kanmon concerning charges and penalties of crime accounted for the large majority of Myobo kanmon, so they were especially called 'Zaimyo kanmon' (kanmon for charges).
- 徳川家康の関東地方移封後に伴う天正19年(1591年)の所領の再配分と関ヶ原の戦いと大坂の陣の両戦後に行った親藩・譜代大名及び旗本に対する広範囲のな加増・転封についても地方直としての側面もある。
- The following measures that Ieyasu TOKUGAWA carried out were somewhat similar to jikata-naoshi: the redistribution of shoryo (his vassals' territories) after his move to the Kanto region; and the extensive increase and transfer of territories in favor of Shinpan (Tokugawa's relatives), fudai daimyo (hereditary vassals to the Tokugawa family) and hatamoto who served on his side that took place after the Battle of Sekigahara and Osaka no Jin (The Siege of Osaka).
- そのため蓮淳は、17歳になった証如に勧めて法主である証如自らに出陣させ、畿内における『浄土真宗と法華宗の最終決戦』と位置づけることで全畿内の門徒結集を促して、この戦いを大きく盛り上げたのである。
- That is why Renjun recommended Shonyo, the hoshu himself who turned 17, to go for a battle, and positioned this battle as 'the ultimate battle between Jodo Shinshu and the Hokke sect' in Kinai to encourage all the followers in Kinai to participate in this battle, in order to make this battle a big campaign.
- 『高麗史』金方慶伝によると、この夜に自陣に帰還した後の軍議と思われる部分が載っており、高麗軍の主将である金方慶と派遣軍総司令官である忽敦との間で、以下のようなやり取りがあったことが述べられている。
- The records on Bang-gyeong KIM in 'Koraishi' include descriptions that seem to be part of the military meeting held on that night after returning to their position, saying that the following conversation was held between the head of the Goryeo army Bang-gyeong KIM and commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force Dou XIN.
- 慶応4年(1868年)4月11日に行われた江戸城無血開城に従わぬ旧幕臣の一部が千葉県方面に逃亡、船橋大神宮に陣をはり、4月3日 (旧暦)(5月24日)に市川市・鎌ヶ谷市・船橋市周辺で両軍は衝突した。
- Some retainers of the former Shogunate, who were opposed to the bloodless surrender of Edo Castle on May 3, 1868, fled towards Chiba Prefecture and set up a camp in Funabashi Daijingu, and on May 24, they clashed with the new government's forces around the area of Ichikawa City, Kamagaya City, and Funabashi City.
- このため二条良実邸が押小路烏丸や二条京極にはなかったと考えられている(なお、当時二条富小路殿は里内裏である冷泉富小路殿とは二条大路を挟んで斜め向かいにあり、里内裏の出入口(陣)の一部とみなされていた)。
- As such, it is thought that the residence of Yozhizane Nijo was neither Oshikoji Karasuma nor Nijo Kyogoku (in addition, Nijo Tomikojidono residence, at that time, was located across from Reizei Tomikoji-dono residence, which was a satodairi (temporary Imperial Palace) on Nijo-oji Avenue, and it was regarded as a part of the entrance (jin) to satodairi).
- 江戸時代の頼山陽の『日本外史』では、亀山城出陣の際に「信長の閲兵を受けるのだ」として桂川渡河後に信長襲撃の意図を全軍に明らかにしたとあるが、実際には、ごく一部の重臣しか知らなかったとの見解が有力である。
- According to 'Nihon Gaishi' (historical book on Japan) written by Sanyo RAI during the Edo period, it was written that 'We will be reviewed by Nobunaga.' when they departed Kameyama-jo Castle with the intention to attack Nobunaga made clear to all the troops only after they crossed the Katsura-gawa River, but it is a widely-accepted view that, in reality, only a limited number of key vassals were informed of the real intention.
- 小荷駄(こにだ)とは、中世から近世にかけての日本において、戦争のために必要な兵糧や弾薬、陣地設営道具などを運ぶための駄賃馬稼(もしくはウシ)・車輌、及びそれを率いる部隊「小荷駄隊(こにだたい)」のこと。
- Konida refers to dachin umakasegi (a job of carrying by daba, packhorse or cow) or vehicles that carry army provisions, ammunition, set-up tools for encampment and so on needed for wars from the medieval period to modern times in Japan, or a troop that directed the above things, also referred to as konidatai.
- また良実の子二条道良が死去したのが、二条富小路殿であったことも『経光卿記』正元 (日本)元年11月8日条の死去記事(「今暁(二条道良)令薨去給云々、坐二条富小路亭、已為陣中、旁無便宜」)に明記されている。
- It is also known that Michinaga NIJO, the son of Yoshizane, died at Nijo Tomikojidono residence according to the entry which records his death on December 29, 1259 in 'Tsunemitsukyo-ki' (The Record of Lord Tsunemitsu) ('Today at dawn, Michinaga Nijo was said to have passed away at the Nijo Tomikoji residence; as I could not be there as I was taken in a battle').
- 湊川の戦いや、正成が出陣前に嫡子の楠木正行を本拠地の河内国へ帰した「桜井の別れ」などは、戦前の皇国史観教育や唱歌などで、正成が勝てぬ戦と知りながら天皇のために忠義を尽くして死んだなどと脚色して伝えられた。
- The Battle of Minatogawa and the 'Sakurai no wakare' (separation in Sakurai) in which Masashige sent his son and heir Masatsura KUSUNOKI back to his headquarters in Kawachi Province were dramatized in pre-war Emperor-centered nationalistic views and songs depicting Masashige fighting loyally for the emperor despite the fact that he knew the battle could not be won.
- 城下から上林川のやや下流に陣屋を置いていた何鹿郡十倉(現・京都府綾部市十倉中町)の十倉谷氏と、十倉から北側の山地を超えた位置にある何鹿郡梅迫(現・京都府綾部市梅迫町)の梅迫谷氏は、山家藩谷氏の分家である。
- The Tokura-Tani clan in Tokura, Ikaruga County (present Tokuranaka-machi, Ayabe City, Kyoto Prefecture), which placed its jinya at a slightly lower reach from Shiroshita of the Kanbayashi-gawa River, and the Umezako-Tani clan in Umezako, Ikaruga County (present Umezako-cho, Ayabe City, Kyoto Prefecture) that was located across a mountainous area in the north of Tokura were each a branch family of the Tani clan in the Yamaga clan.
- 大阪において大阪府知事選挙、大阪市長選挙、大阪を選挙区として補欠選挙などがあるとき、世界陸上大阪大会のような大規模なスポーツ競技があるときは、「大阪○の陣」(○には季節が入る)とマスコミなどから呼ばれる。
- When there are elections in Osaka such as an election for Osaka Prefecture Governor, for Osaka City Mayor, or for by-elections in Osaka electoral district, and large-scale athletic meetings such as Osaka World Championships in Athletics, each of them is called by the media 'Osaka O no Jin' (the name of a season is put in O).
- 交渉は18日より徳川方の京極忠高の陣において、家康側近の本多正純、阿茶局と、豊臣方の使者として派遣された淀殿の妹である常高院との間で行われ、19日には講和条件が合意、20日に誓書が交換され和平が成立した。
- The negotiations took place in Tadataka KYOGOKU's camp on Tokugawa side between Masazumi HONDA and Acha-no-tsubone from Tokugawa side and Joko-in, who was Yodo-dono's sister and had been dispatched as a messenger of the Toyotomi side; on 19th peace terms were agreed and pacification was made with an exchange of written vows (the old calendar).
- ついで、同年12月13日辰刻(午前九時頃)に尼崎城の近く、織田信忠が陣をはっていた七つ松に有岡城の本丸にいた人質が護送され、97本の磔柱を建て家臣の妻子122名に死の晴着をつけ、鉄砲で殺害されたようである。
- Around nine o'clock in the morning on January 9, 1580, hostages in honmaru of Arioka-jo Castle were sent to Nanatsumatsu where Nobutada ODA had taken up a position and 97 crosses were erected and 122 wives and children of subordinates were made to wear festive dress and killed with guns.
- この間に上杉勢援軍との小競り合いや更なる増援の報に接し、家康は援軍(井伊直政(一部部隊は当初より参陣)、大須賀康高、松平康重の5000)を出すと共に一時撤退を下令、これを受け徳川軍は28日に上田より撤退した。
- During this time, upon skirmishes against reinforcements of the Uesugi Army and news of additional reinforcements, Ieyasu delivered reinforcements (5000 soldiers led by Naomasa II (some troops joined the battle from the beginning), Yasutaka OSUGA, and Yasushige MATSUDAIRA) while ordering a temporary retreat, and as a result, Tokugawa's army retreated from Ueda on October 21.
- 図1は合戦を描いた戦国合戦図屏風より、陣立がある程度確認できる岩国歴史博物館所蔵、川中島合戦図屏風の武田信玄本陣備(左図)と福岡市博物館所蔵、関ヶ原合戦図屏風の徳川家康本陣備(右図)を模式図化したものである。
- From the folding screen drawings of battle scenes of the Sengoku Period, in which battle scenes are depicted and the battle formation can be identified to a certain degree, Figure 1 shows the pattern diagram of Shingen TAKEDA's army headquarters sonae (left) from the folding screen drawing of the Kawanakajima Battle, which belongs to the Iwakuni Historical Museum, and that of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's army headquarters sonae (right) from the folding screen drawing of the Battle of Sekigahara, which belongs to the Fukuoka City Museum.
- 福島城城主本庄繁長は、野戦の不利を悟り、宮代で敗れた軍勢を撤収し、籠城策をとったが、一時は伊達軍の中に全軍で突入し、切り死にを遂げようと覚悟する状況に迄追い込まれた(御本陣ヘ突懸リ討死スベシト議定シ 註3)。
- Shigenaga HONJO, the lord of the Fukushima-jo Castle learned the disadvantage of the open battle and withdrew the troops defeated in Miyashiro to hold the castle, but they were driven into the situation for a while where the entire troops were determined to die by rushing into the Date army (decision made to die in the battle by rushing into the enemy's headquarters *3).
- 兵力的には劣る朝倉・浅井両軍であったが、浅井側先鋒磯野員昌率いる浅井家精鋭部隊が織田方先鋒坂井政尚、続いて池田恒興、豊臣秀吉、柴田勝家の陣を次々に突破し13段の備えのうち実に11段までを打ち破る猛攻を見せた。
- Although Asakura and Azai troops were understrength, Azai's elite troops led by its top Kazumasa ISONO broke through those of Oda's top Masahisa SAKAI, Tsuneoki IKEDA, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Katsuie SHIBATA one after another, and in fact, they launched fierce attacks to knock down eleven out of thirteen layers of military reserves.
- 長享元年(1487年)、9代将軍足利義尚は六角高頼征伐を決定し、将軍直属の奉公衆を中心とした軍を率いて近江坂本へ出陣、9月には管領細川政元・若狭国守護武田国信・加賀国守護富樫政親を近江に召集し、高頼を攻撃する。
- In 1487, the ninth Shogun Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA decided to subjugate Takayori ROKKAKU, and headed an army mainly consisted of hokoshu (the shogunal military guard) directly under him to go into the battle in Sakamoto in Omi Province, and in September, the Shogun ordered the Shogunal Deputy Masamoto HOSOKAWA, Wakasa no kuni shugo (the provincial constable of Wakasa Province) Kuninobu TAKEDA and Kaga no kuni shugo (the provincial constable of Kaga Province) Masachika TOGASHI to Omi Province and attacked Takayori.
- 川上郡成羽(現・岡山県高梁市成羽町下原)の山崎氏は肥後国富岡藩や讃岐国丸亀藩などを治めた大名山崎氏の分家で、本家が無嗣改易となったのちも、かつて本家が城主をつとめたことのある成羽城の跡地に陣屋を構えて存続した。
- The Yamazaki clan in Nariwa, Kawakami County (present Shimohara, Nariwa-cho, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture), was a branch family of the Yamazaki clan, a daimyo which governed the Tomioka clan in Higo Province and the Marugame clan in the Sanuki Province, and so on, and continued to exist with its jinya placed in the former Nariwa-jo Castle site of which the main family once served as the keeper, even after its main family was abolished.
- 武田軍は完全に裏をかかれた形になり、鶴翼の陣(鶴が翼を広げたように部隊を配置し、敵全体を包み込む陣形)を敷いて応戦したものの、信玄の弟の武田信繁や山本勘助、諸角虎定、初鹿野源五郎らが討死するなど、劣勢であった。
- Completely outwitted Takeda's forces fought back using a crane-wings-shaped battle formation (soldiers were placed in the formation of the wings-spread shape of a crane, to enclose the enemy forces entirely), however they were in bad shape, with Nobushige TAKEDA, Shingen's younger brother, Kansuke YAMAMOTO, Torasada MOROZUMI, and Gengoro HAJIKANO killed in action.
- 1928年(昭和3年)にはグンゼの事務所が、翌年には工場が置かれたほどで、生産された生糸は丹後ちりめんや西陣織の原材料としてだけでなく海外への輸出用としても生産され、養蚕業は当時の福知山を支える地場産業であった。
- Since Gunze Ltd. located its business office in 1928, and its plant in 1929, and raw silk was produced not only as raw materials of Tango chirimen (silk crepe) and Nishijin Textile but also for export, the local sericulture industry supported Fukuchiyama in those days.
- 一般的には皮革、あるいは和紙を漆でかためた陣傘(これは後に鉄板を切り抜き笠状に形成した陣笠に取って代わられる。)、鉄の胴鎧、篭手、陣羽織を装着し、そのほか水筒、鼻紙、布にくるんだ米など(例芋がら縄)を携帯していた。
- Ashigaru generally wore a conical hat (jingasa) made from lacquer hardened leather or Japanese paper (this was later developed into jingasa made from iron plates that were cut and fashioned into a cone shape), iron body armor, gauntlets and a jinbaori (sleeveless campaign jacket worn over armor) in addition to carrying a canteen, tissue paper, rice wrapped in cloth and other items (e.g. dried taro stems).
- 添下郡高山(現・生駒市高山町)の東半分及び隣村の鹿畑(現・生駒市鹿畑町)を領していた堀田氏は、他に常陸国及び近江国にも所領を有し、近江・大和の所領は近江国甲賀郡上田(甲賀市水口町嶬峨)に置かれた陣屋が統括していた。
- The Hotta clan which owned the eastern half of Takayama, Soejimo County (present Takayama-cho, Ikoma City) and neighboring Shikahata (present Shikahata-cho, Ikoma City) possessed a territory in Hitachi Province and in Omi Province as well, where the jinya located in Ueda, Koka County, Omi Province (Gika, Minakuchi-cho, Koka City) totally controlled.
- 幕府とは、そもそも将軍の陣所を指す概念であり、源頼朝が右近衛大将に任官したことで、その居館 大倉御所を幕府と称されたことがあるが、それは私邸を指す言葉であり頼朝の開いた武家政権としての鎌倉幕府を指す概念ではなかった。
- Bakufu was originally a concept which referred to a shogun's camp and when MINAMOTO no Yoritomo was appointed to Ukone no daisho, his house, the Okura palace, was called bakufu, but it was not a word for Kamakura bakufu as a samurai government established by Yoritomo, but a word for the private house.
- 足利勢は、筑前国宗像(現在の福岡県宗像市周辺)を本拠とする宗像氏範らの支援を受けて宗像大社に戦勝を祈願し、筑前国の多々良浜(福岡市東区 (福岡市))に布陣した菊池氏率いる宮方と戦うが、足利軍は約2千騎に過ぎなかった。
- With support from Ujinori MUNAKATA, based in Munakata, Chikuzen Province (the present-day area around Munakata City in Fukuoka Prefecture), the Ashikaga side prayed for victory at the Munakata-taisha Shrine, and with only 2,000 cavalry, fought the Imperial forces led by the Kikuchi clan who set up camp in Tatarahama, Chikuzen Province (Higashi Ward, Fukuoka City).
- 正徳 (日本)3年(1713年)9月27日に岩田村を芝村に改めたのち、実際に陣屋が芝村(桜井市織田・現在の市立織田小学校)に移転したのは、第7代藩主・織田輔宜の代である延享2年(1745年)閏12月12日のことである。
- On November 14, 1713, the name of Iwata Village was changed to Shiba Village; it was on February 2 in 1746, during the generation of Sukeyoshi ODA, the seventh lord of the domain, that the jinya was actually relocated to Shiba Village (Oda, Sakurai City, the site is currently Municipal Oda Elementary School).
- 島津氏は秀頼からの書状に対し「豊臣家への奉公は一度済んだ」と返事したが、徳川方としての出陣は冬の陣・夏の陣とも結果的にかなわなかった(夏の陣では、鹿児島を発ち平戸市に到着した時に大坂の役の情報を聞いて引き返している)。
- Shimazu clan replied to the letter from Toyotomi Family that 'they had already completed their service to Toyotomi Family', however, they could not fulfill joining the Tokugawa army both in Fuyu no Jin and Natsu no Jin (in Natsu no Jin they got information on Osaka no Eki after having left Kagoshima and arriving in Hirado City, then they returned).
- 政宗は、慶長5年11月に届いた家康からの書状を請け、慶長6年2月17日に「家臣等軍役ノ人数改メ」を命じて内々に出陣の準備をしていたが、上杉家が本多正信や結城秀康等を通じて降伏を願い出たため、結果的に上杉征伐は中止された。
- In response to the letter from Ieyasu which arrived in November, 1600, Masamune ordered 'a survey on a number of warriors including vassals in military service' on February 17, 1601 to secretly prepare for the battle, but the conquest of Uesugi was canceled as a result because the Uesugi family called for the surrender through Masanobu HONDA and Hideyasu YUKI.
- 豊臣方も同じく兵糧に加え弾薬の欠乏や徳川方が仕掛けた心理戦、大砲で櫓・陣屋などに被害を受けて将兵は疲労し、また豊臣家で主導的立場にあった淀殿も本丸への砲撃で身近に被害が及び、態度を軟化させて和議に応じたという(16日)。
- With lack of army provisions and ammunition, psychological warfare that the Tokugawa side conducted, and damages of the towers and camps by cannons, the Toyotomi officers and soldiers had been exhausted, and also Yodo-dono, who was in a leading position in the Toyotomi Family, having seeing damage around her brought by bombardments to Honmaru, Toyotomi side decided to take a softer line, and agreed to have peace negotiations (16th) (the old calendar).
- 施行を翌年に控えた1892年(明治25年)、法典論争はピークに達し、施行延期派は天皇制に絡めて日本の伝統を基にした論陣をはり個人主義的な施行断行派を批判し、施行断行派はフランス法的自然法思想と市民法理論をもって反論を加えた。
- In 1892, one year before the effectuation, the dispute over legal codes reached its peak: Seko-danko-ha Group, taking a firm stand on Japanese tradition related to the Emperor system, criticized individualistic Seko-enki-ha Group, while Seko-danko-ha Group put up an argument with the thought of French law-like natural law and the civil code theory.
- しかし、事件から9日後に提出された公式報告書(9月)では、測量等のために朝鮮側の官僚と面会しようとして武装端艇でその陣営近くまで遡航し、さらに朝鮮側に断ることなく奥(ソウル方面)へと進もうとして砲台から砲撃されたと記されていた。
- However, the official report (September) which was submitted nine days after the incident describes that Japan approached Korea's camp by warship to meet the Korea's bureaucrats for the purpose of measuring and so on, and when they advanced more (toward Seoul) without permission from Korea, they were attacked from Korea's gun battery.
- 『高野春秋編年輯録』によると、10月2日に堀秀政が根来に着陣したのを皮切りに、総大将織田信孝以下岡田重孝、松山庄五郎らが紀ノ川筋に布陣、大和口には筒井順慶・定次父子を配し、高野七口を塞いで総勢十三万七千二百二十余人に達したとされる。
- According to 'Koya Shunju Hennen Shuroku' (The Springs and Falls of Mt. Koya), the number of Nobunaga's army reached more than 137,220 in total, led by the general commander Nobutaka ODA with the troops of Shigetaka OKADA, Shogoro MATSUYAMA and others along the Kino-kawa River, Junkei TSUTSUI and his son Sadatsugu at Yamato guchi, and blocking Koya nanakuchi (seven gates of Koyasan), starting from Hidemasa HORI's arrival at Negoro on November 18.
- 豊臣方の真田信繁・毛利勝永・大野治房などの突撃により幕府方の大名・侍大将に死傷者が出たり、家康・秀忠本陣は大混乱に陥るなどしたが、兵力に勝る幕府軍は次第に混乱状態から回復し態勢を立て直し、豊臣軍は多くの将兵を失って午後三時頃には壊滅。
- Charges by Nobushige SANADA, Katsunaga MORI, Harufusa ONO and so on on the Toyotomi side killed and injured daimyo, officers and soldiers on the bakufu side and put the headquarters of Ieyasu/Hidetada in a great confusion, however, the bakufu army surpassing in forces, gradually recovering from chaos, regained its balance, while the Toyotomi army, having lost many officers and soldiers, was destroyed at about 3:00 pm.
- 武田家伝統の赤備えで編成した真田信繁隊は、天王寺・岡山の戦い天王寺口の戦いで家康本陣を攻撃し、三方ヶ原の戦い以来と言われる本陣突き崩しを成し遂げ、『真田日本一の兵 古よりの物語にもこれなき由』と薩摩旧記(島津家)に賞賛される活躍を見せた。
- Nobushige SANADA's troop formed in the Takeda Family's traditional Akazonae attacked the headquarters of Ieyasu in the battle of Tenno-ji and the battle of Tenno-ji-guchi, in which they achieved the breaking of headquarters which was said to be for the first time since the Battle of Mikatagahara, and showed the performance as praised in the Satsuma Nikki (Journal of Satsuma Domain) (Shimazu Family) which tells, 'Sanada is the best troop in Japan. Even an old story has never told such a strong troop.'
- しかし大坂冬の陣では豊臣氏に与していたため、豊臣氏滅亡後に徳川氏に釈明する意思を表すために、有楽斎は3万石の所領のうち、1万石を自分の隠居料に、残りの1万石ずつをそれぞれ四男の織田長政 (大名)と五男の織田尚長に分与して相続させたのである。
- However, because he took part in the camp of the Toyotomi clan in the Winter Siege of Osaka, Yurakusai (another name of Nagamasu ODA as a master of tea ceremony) tried to express his intention to apologize to Tokugawa clan by dividing his territory of 30,000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land) into 10,000 koku for his own retirement, 10,000 koku for the fourth son Nagamasa ODA (daimyo [Japanese feudal lord]) and the remaining 10,000 koku for the fifth son, Naonaga ODA after Toyotomi clan's fall.
- 城主大名(じょうしゅだいみょう)とは、近世江戸時代における大名の格式の一つであり、大名家をその居地・居城で区別する国主(国持大名) - 準国主 - 城主 - 城主格 - 無城(陣屋)の5階級のうち、国許の屋敷に城が認められている大名をいう。
- Joshu daimyo (daimyo who is allowed to live in a castle) is a social status in the early-modern times of the Edo period, and refers to a daimyo, who was allowed to have a castle as his residence in his kunimoto (hometown), among Daimyo families (feudal lord families) classified according to their resident provinces and resident castles into five ranks: kokushu (landed daimyos), jun (associate) kokushu, joshu (lord of a castle), joshukaku (joshu class), mujo (without a castle) (jinya [regional government office]).
- 成綱の兄・源有綱は源頼朝の挙兵の際に参陣していることから、成綱もまた鎌倉幕府に従ったと思われる(神奈川県厚木市の「及川村」という地名は成綱または成綱の子・及川光綱の縁かとも思われるが、古くは「及河」とも書き「おいがわ」と濁って読むのが正しい。
- Apparently, Naritsuna also followed the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) because Naritsuna's elder brother, MINAMOTO no Aritsuna, joined MINAMOTO no Yoritomo when Yoritomo rose up in arms (the place name 'OIGAWA village' in Atsugi City, Kanagawa Prefecture, seems to have had a relationship with Naritsuna or Naritsuna's son Mitsutsuna OIKAWA, but formerly it was also written as '及河' and was properly read as 'OIGAWA' in a dull sound.
- そのころはお茶屋35軒、芸妓50名ぐらい(舞妓は襟替え等で含まれていない)いたが西陣織産業の衰退により減少し、芸妓数も20名以下に落ち込んで、歌舞会所属の舞踊学校で習っている優秀な生徒に対し組合が北野をどりへの出演を要請していた時期もあった。
- Kamishichiken at that time had thirty-five teahouses and approximately fifty geisha (apprentice geisha not included for reasons such as the eri-age, or promotion to geisha); during certain periods of time after the war, however, their numbers decreased, to less than twenty geisha for example, due to the decline of the Nishijin-ori (Nishijin weaving) industry, and the Geisha association requested talented students from dance schools affiliated with the Kamishichiken kabukai (dance society) to perform at the Kitano Odori (dance originally performed at the Kitano Tenmangu Shrine).
- 戦国時代_(日本)には、湖上水運によってルイス・フロイスによって「甚だ富裕なる町」と評された堅田であったが、織田信長の上洛後に起きたいわゆる「信長包囲網」の蜂起に際しては、本願寺や延暦寺及び交易相手であった朝倉氏との関係から反信長陣営に立っていた。
- Katata, which was described as 'a remarkably rich town' by Luis FROIS owing to its water transportation in the Sengoku period, joined anti-Nobunaga camp when 'anti-Nobunaga network' was formed after Nobunaga's going to Kyoto, because of the relationships between Hongan-ji and Enryaku-ji Temples and the Asakura clans, with whom Katata people bartered.
- 九戸の乱後に氏郷が加増された頃から、蒲生家における家老職にあたる仕置奉行の筆頭として政務を執っていた郷安であったが、文禄の役で氏郷が名護屋に出陣している際に、会津で重臣の蒲生郷可、蒲生郷成らと一触即発の自体を招くなど、家中では対立する人々が多かった。
- Satoyasu worked as the head of a police magistrate in the Gamo family, which held the position of chief retainer to perform political duties from the time when Ujisasato received additional estates after the Kunohe War, but there were many who antagonistic to each other within the family as he came into the hair-trigger situation with the chief retainers Satoyoshi and Satonari GAMO in Aizu, while Ujisato raised the army and traveled to Nagoya during the Bunroku War.
- また、大坂の陣においても徳川方として武功を挙げ、大坂城修築工事や高野山大塔造営奉行などで活躍したが、寛永14年(1637年)に嗣子なくして死去し、ここに本多氏は断絶し、しばらくは桑山一玄(大和新庄藩)と小出吉親(丹波国園部藩)による城番時代が続いた。
- Although he rendered distinguished service at the Tokugawa side in the Siege of Osaka, as well as made efforts in the repair work of Osaka-jo Castle and served as Zoei Bugyo (an official in charge of building temples and shrines) for Daito (a pagoda that according to Shingon doctrine represents the central point of a mandala) of Mt. Koya, he died in 1637 without leaving an heir, which resulted in termination of the family line of Honda clan, and for a while afterwards, Kazuharu KUWAYAMA (Yamato Shinjo Domain) and Yoshichika KOIDE (Sonobe Domain in Tanba Province) were placed as Joban (a castle guard).
- 尊氏は義詮を京に残して南朝との交渉を任せて直義追討のために出陣し、翌1352年(正平7年/観応3年)には直義を駿河国薩埵山(埵は漢字では土へんに「垂」、静岡県静岡市)、相模国早川尻(神奈川県小田原市)などの戦いで破って鎌倉に追い込み、直義を降伏させる。
- Takauji left Yoshiakira in Kyoto to be in charge of the negotiations with the Southern Court, and took forces to attack Tadayoshi, and in 1352, he defeated Tadayoshi at battles in Mt. Satta, Suruga Province (Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture) and Hayakawariji, Sagami Province (Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture) and chased him into Kamakura, where Tadayoshi surrendered.
- 後南朝は次第に勢力を失い、応仁の乱において小倉宮の末裔(『大乗院寺社雑事記』には小倉宮の子孫との記述あり)と称し、岡崎前門主という人物の息子が山名宗全により洛中の西陣に迎えられた(これを「西陣の南帝」と呼ぶ)との記録を最後に、歴史上にあらわれなくなった。
- The Gonancho forces gradually lost their power, and during the Onin War were labeled in historical records as descendants of Oguranomiya (in the 'Daijoin temple and shrine records of miscellaneous matters' they are listed as offspring of Oguranomiya), while the son of Zenmonshu (Gatekeeper) OKAZAKI being welcomed in the capital's western district (this son was called 'The Southern Emperor of the western district') by Sozen YAMANA is the last historical mention of them; after this point, they no longer appear in historical records.
- 城郭や藩庁などを中心に栄えた城下町や陣屋町、宿場中心に形成された宿場町、寺社を中心に形成された門前町などと決定的に違うのは、町の中心となる施設(城郭・大きな宿場・有力寺社など)がないことで、前述の町等まで距離がある農村部において自然発生的にできたものである。
- Zaigomachi was different from Jokamachi (castle town) or Jinyamachi (town around the feudal lord's residence) which prospered around the castle or the hancho (feudal lord's office/residence), Shukubamachi (post station town) which was formed around shukuba (post station), or Monzenmachi (temple town) formed around a temple or a shrine and did not have any landmark featuring the town (castle, big post station, large temple or shrine, or the like) and it spontaneously developed in farming villages a distance from the aforementioned machi (towns).
- 今般、河野主一郎、山野田一輔の両士を敵陣に遣はし候儀、全く味方の決死を知らしめ、且つ義挙の趣意を以て、大義名分を貫徹し、法庭に於て斃れ候賦(つもり)に候間、一統安堵致し、此城を枕にして決戦可致候に付、今一層奮発し、後世に恥辱を残さざる様、覚悟肝要に可有之候也。
- This time, I sent Shuichiro KONO and Ippo YAMANODA to the enemy base to inform the enemy that we are ready to die, and I also intend to die at 法庭 based on legitimate reason and with justification up to the end; All of you should feel relieved, and it is vital to resolve not to leave disgrace to later generations, through making more strenuous efforts, because we should fight the last fight, considering dying in this castle.
- 天正の陣(てんしょうのじん)は、1585年(天正13年)に全国統一を目指す羽柴秀吉(豊臣秀吉)の命を受けた中国・毛利氏の小早川隆景率いる軍勢が四国は伊予国新居郡(現在の愛媛県新居浜市)に上陸し、金子城城主 金子氏金子元宅率いる地元勢力を圧倒的な戦力で制圧した戦である。
- The Battle of Tensho (Tensho no Jin) was one in which the army led by Takakage KOBAYAKAWA, of the Mori clan in the Chugoku region, landed at Nii County, Iyo Province (the present-day Niihama City, Ehime Prefecture) in Shikoku in 1585, doing so at the orders of Hideyoshi HASHIBA (Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI), who was attempting to integrate the entire nation, and defeated the local troops led by the lord of Kaneko-jo Castle, Motoie KANEKO, of the Kaneko clan, with overwhelming force.
- 同時期にはまた、学徒出陣記念のために製作されたにもかかわらず受け入れ先が決まっていなかった「わだつみ像」(当初東京大学での建立が予定されていたが東大当局の拒否により実現しなかった)が、末川博総長などの尽力によりようやく立命大に受け入れられこの地に建立されることが決まっていた。
- Before that, due to the President of Ritsumeikan University Hiroshi SUEKAWA's effort, Ritsumeikan University had decided to accept the 'Wadatsumi-zo Statue' to the campus (the statue was to memorialize the Students' Departure to the Front, and originally it had been planned for Tokyo University, however the authorities of Tokyo University had rejected the offer).
- 同じ6月1日の夕、光秀は1万3000の手勢を率いて丹波亀山城を出陣し京に向かった(光秀は亀山城 (丹波国)には事件前にも後にも死ぬまで立ち寄っておらず、坂本城より3000の兵で本能寺に向かい、到着したのは本能寺が焼け落ちた午前7時半より数時間後の9時頃だったとする説もある)。
- On the same day, June 1 in the evening, Mitsuhide departed the Tanba Kameyama-jo Castle to Kyoto at the head of an army of 13,000 (There is another view that Mitsuhide did not visit Kameyama-jo Castle (Tanba Province) before or after the event and he moved toward Honno-ji Temple from Sakamoto-jo Castle at the head of 3,000 troops and arrived around nine o'clock, that is several hours after seven thirty A.M. when the Honno-ji Temple burnt down.)
- また、若江八人衆も秀次助命のため最後まで奔走した三成に感謝し、慶長5年(1600年)の勃発した関ヶ原の戦いでは石田三成軍の本陣を死守する獅子奮迅の戦いをしている(ただし、藤堂玄蕃は従兄弟の藤堂高虎に仕え、安井喜内は浅野幸長に仕えるなど、必ずしも全員が三成に尽くしたわけではない)。
- The members of Wakae Hachinin-shu were also grateful for Mitsunari who tried his best to save Hidetsugu's life, and in return, they fought to protect the army headquarters of Mitsunari ISHIDA during the Battle of Sekigahara, which started in 1600 (However, not all the members served Mitsunari, as there were exceptions such as Yoshimasa TODO who served his cousin Takatora TODO and Kinai YASUI who served Yoshinaga ASANO).
- 主人の軍事行動に当たり家来が手勢を引き連れ参陣し、又は戦場において軍功を挙げた場合(奉公)、主人はこれに対し、その「参陣」「軍功」が単なる私闘・私戦ではなく正当性のある「公戦」におけるものだと認定し、御恩と奉公御恩したり、新領地を恩賞として与えたり(御恩と奉公御恩)すべきものとされていた。
- When vassals participated in military action initiated by their lord with their own soldiers or showed their military exploits on the battlefield (contributing service), the lords were in return required to recognize 'participation' and 'military exploits' of the vassals not for their own private battle or war but for a legitimate 'official battle' in order that they be granted favor and compensated for their service, or receive new territory as a reward (the granting of favor and compensation for service).
- 冬の陣では出陣させるのは譜代大名のみに限ろうと考えていた徳川家康は、この夏の陣においては豊臣恩顧の大名に敢えて大坂を攻めさせることにより、将来的に徳川家に掛かってくる倫理的な非難を回避しようとしたとされている(江戸時代に徳川家が豊臣家を滅ぼしたことに対する道徳的議論が起こることはなかった。
- It is said that Ieyasu TOKUGAWA thought to use only fudai daimyo (daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) to go into battles of the Fuyu no Jin (Winter Siege of Osaka), while in the Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka) by ordering the daimyo who had been favored by the Toyotomi Family to attack Osaka Castle, he tried to avoid ethical accusation to the Tokugawa Family in later years.
- また、塩谷氏については、小田原の役の際、直接参陣しなかったために改易されたとする見解もあるが、義綱は、天正17年(1589年)6月29日に上洛して秀吉に恭順の意を表しており、小田原の陣では、名代として家臣の岡本正親を派遣していることから、この時に改易になったとは考え難い(『ふるさと矢板のあゆみ』)。
- One theory states that the SHIONOYA clan was ordered 'kaieki' because they did not directly join the Siege of Odawara, but Yoshitsuna went to the capital (Kyoto) on August 10, 1589 to show reverence for Hideyoshi and, in the Siege of Odawara, he sent his retainer Masachika OKAMOTO as a representative; therefore, it isn't plausible that he was ordered 'kaieki' at that time ('Furusato Yaita no Ayumi (History of Our Hometown Yaita)').
- 1338年(延元3年/建武 (日本)5年)には北畠顕家が出陣前に新政の失敗を諌める諫奏を行い、北畠親房の『職原抄』や公家の日記などにも新政への批判や不満を述べる文章があるなど、武家や庶民のみならず、後に後醍醐天皇方について北朝と対立した北畠父子のような公家でさえ、新政を支持していなかったことが示唆される。
- Criticism of the new government was not limited to warrior families and commoners, however; in 1338, before Akiie KITABATAKE led his army out, he remonstrated with Emperor Godaigo about the failures of the new government, and his father Chikafusa KITABATAKE's 'Shokugensho' as well as other nobles' diaries record comments critical of and indicating their dissatisfaction with the government, showing that later on, even nobles like the Kitabatake father-son duo, who fought to oppose the Northern dynasty, did not fully support the new government.
- 金方慶「兵法に『千里の県軍、その鋒当たるべからず』とあり、本国よりも遠く離れ敵地に入った軍は、却って志気が上がり戦闘能力が高まるものである。我が軍は少なしといえども既に敵地に入っている。我が軍は自ずから戦うことになるがこれは秦穆公の孟明の『焚船』や漢の韓信の『背水の陣』の故事に沿うものである。再度戦わせて頂きたい。」
- Bang-gyeong KIM said, 'an art of war teaches us not to fight with an army that has come from far away. It means that entering into the enemy's territory, far away from home, rather raises the morale and fighting strength of the army. Our army is small, but already in the enemy's territory. Although we ourselves are to fight, it is in accordance with historical lessons such as 'burning his own ships to fight' of Ming MENG, who served Duke Mu of Qin, and 'fighting with his back against the river' of Xin HAN, who served the Han Dynasty. Please let us fight again.'
- 特に太政官においては五位以上の官人から犯罪者が出た場合にこれを処分する「罪名定」と呼ばれる陣定が行われ、その際に決して律令に精通しているとは言い難い天皇もしくは摂関以下の公卿から当該事件に適用すべき罪名(犯罪の名称とそれに対応する刑罰)に関する諮問が明法博士ら明法家に対して行われ、これに対して明法家は明法勘文の提示を行った。
- Especially in Daijokan, when officials of lower than grade five committed a crime, a Jinnosadame (council) called 'Zaimyosadame' was held where the emperors or Kugyo (ministers) with lower positions than Sekkan (regent) who did not know ritsuryo very well, asked opinions to the doctors of Myoho and Myoho experts for submission of Myobokanmon response papers.
- 現在、大阪城天守閣で所蔵されている、自らも大坂の役に参戦した黒田長政が絵師を集めて描かせたとされる屏風絵「大坂夏の陣図屏風」の左半分には、徳川方の雑兵達が大坂城下の民衆に襲い掛かり、偽首を取る様子や略奪を働き身包みを剥がすところ、さらには川を渡って逃げる民衆に銃口を向ける光景、そして女性を強姦にする様子などが詳細に描かれている。
- At the left hand of painting of 'Osaka Natsu no Jinzu Byobu' (Folding screen with painting of Summer Sieze of Osaka) in the possession of the Tenshukaku (keep or tower) of Osaka-jo Castle, which Nagamasa KURODA who joined in the war ordered painters to make, there are detailed scenes that warriors of Tokugawa side assaulted the public in the town of Osaka-jo Castle, trying to get nisekubi (fake head as a proof to kill someone for awards), plundering and despoiling their possessions including clothes, shooting those who try to escape crossing over river, and raping women, and so on.
- 6月5日 (旧暦)の池田屋事件で新選組に藩士を殺された変報が長州にもたらされると、慎重派の周布政之助、高杉晋作や宍戸左馬之助らは藩論の沈静化に努めるが、福原越後や益田右衛門介、国司信濃の三家老等の積極派は、討薩賊会奸を掲げて挙兵し、益田、久坂玄瑞らは大山崎町天王山、宝山に、国司、来島又兵衛らは嵯峨天龍寺に、福原越後は伏見長州屋敷に兵を集めて陣営を構える。
- When word of the July 8 Ikedaya Incident, in which the Shinsengumi forces had assassinated domainal samurai warriors, reached Choshu, the prudence faction, which included Masanosuke SUFU, Shinsaku TAKASUGI, and Samanosuke SHISHIDO, tried to calm the raging debate in the clan, but members of the activist faction, like the elders of the three clans, Echigo (Mototake) FUKUHARA, Uemonnosuke (Kanenobu) MASUDA, and Shinano (Chikasuke) KUNISHI, cunningly created a group designed to destroy Satsuma, against whom there was considerable enmity, and to that end they prepared for battle; Masuda and Gensui KUSAKA began gathering troops at Mt. Tenno and Mt. Takara in the town of Oyamazaki, while Kunishi and Matabe KIJIMA gathered troops at Saga Tenryu-ji temple, and Echigo FUKUHARA at the Choshu estate at Fushimi.
- 光秀がいつ頃から謀反を決意していたかは明らかではないが、亀山城出陣を前にして、愛宕権現での連歌の会で光秀が詠んだ発句、「時は今 天が下知る 五月哉」は、「時(とき)」は源氏の流れをくむ土岐氏の一族である光秀自身を示し、「天が下知る」は、「天(あめ)が下(した)治る(しる)」、すなわち天下を治めることを暗示していると解し、この時点で謀反の決意を固めていたのだとする説もある。
- Although it is not clear since when Mitsuhide made his mind to rebel, there is a view that he made his mind to rebel at the time of the party for renga (linked-verse) in the Atago-gongen Shrine before going to battle from the Kameyama-jo Castle by understanding the first line made by Mitsuhide, 'Tokihaima amegashitashiru satsukikana' (The time is now in May which everybody knows), as 'toki' means Mitsuhide himself, who belonged to the Toki clan which descended from the Minamoto clan and 'amegashitashiru' as 'to govern the area under the heaven,' namely governing the whole country.
- 松川の戦い(まつかわのたたかい)は、『改正三河後風土記』(第42巻:上杉・伊達合戦の事)、『常山紀談』(巻之16:伊達上杉陸奥国松川合戦の事 附永井善左衛門 岡左内が事)、『東国太平記』(巻第15:松川合戦政宗福島ノ城ヲ攻ムル事)、『会津陣物語』(第4巻:松川合戦に政宗、福島城を攻める事、井せて須田大炊介、政宗と逢隈川合戦(陣幕を切り取る)事)によれば、慶長6年(1601年)4月26日に、現在の福島県福島市の中心部で伊達政宗と上杉景勝麾下の本庄繁長・須田長義が戦った合戦だとされる。
- The Battle of Matsukawa is said to be the battle where Shigenaga HONJO and Nagayoshi SUDA under the command of Kagekatsu UESUGI fought against Masamune DATE in the central area of the present Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture on April 26, 1601, according to 'Kaisei Mikawago Fudoki (Foundation of the Tokugawa clan)' (Vol. 42: The battle between Uesugi and Date), 'Jozenkidan (a collection of anecdotes compiled in the Edo period)' (Vol. 16: The Battle of Matsukawa between Date and Uesugi in Mutsu Province with the episode of Zenzaemon NAGAI and Sanai OKA), 'Togoku Taiheiki (the battle chronicle on the eastern Japan)' (Vol. 15: Attack to the Fukushima-jo Castle by Masamune in the Battle of Matsukawa), 'Aizujin Monogatari (stories on the Battle in Aizu)' (Vol. 4: Attack to the Fukushima-jo Castle by Masamune in the Battle of Matsukawa and the episode of Oiinosuke SUDA cutting off the camp enclosure during the Battle of Abukuma-gawa River against Masamune).