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長短: 20 Terms and Phrases

日本人も、王朝の寿命の長短に関する中国との比較論に熱中した。
Not only Chinese but also Japanese were absorbed in comparing durations of Japanese and Chinese dynasties.

楽府では句の長短が不揃いのものがあり、これは雑言詩と呼ばれる。
In some gafu, the length of phrases are not equal and such gafu are called 'zogon-shi' (irregular style poetry).

和弓長さ221cm（多少の長短がある）、握りの位置は下から三分の一のあたり。
Japanese bow, approximately 221cm long (possibly being slightly longer or shorter), held about one-third the way from the bottom.

「散套」は同一の宮調を用いて構成された組歌形式のものであり、長短不揃いで押韻は一韻到底であった。
'Santo' is a suite form of poetry composed of the same scales (gongdiao in Chinese), in which major and minor are irregular and a single rhyme is used through the poem.

また漢詩に対して詩余（しよ）とも言われ、長短不揃いの句で構成されることから長短句（ちょうたんく）ともいう。
As contrasted with Kanshi (Chinese poems), it is called Shiyo as well; it is also known as Chotanku because it consisted of lines of irregular lengths, short and long.

なお比較的長い呪文である陀羅尼（だらに）は、長短の違いだけと誤解されることが多いが、その由来はまったく異なる。
In addition, 'Darani,' a relatively longer mantra, is often misinterpreted as the mere difference between short and long mantras, but is derived from a totally different origin.

竹管一本で指孔のあるものを洞簫（どうしょう）、指孔なしで長短数本を一組にしたパンパイプ型のものを排簫（はいしょう）と呼ぶ。
Those consisting of one bamboo pipe with finger holes is called the dosho, while panpipe-type ones comprised of a set of several long and short pipes with no finger holes is called the haisho.

全日本弓道連盟では、『弓の長さは221cm（7尺3寸）を基準とし、射手の身長または競技の種類により若干の長短を認められる。』
According to the All Nippon Kyudo Federation, 'the standard bow length is 221 cm (seven shaku three sun), but the slight lengthening and shortening of a bow is allowed depending on the height of the archer or the type of the tournament.'

大師講が行われる11月23日 (旧暦)（現在は12月23日）にはそれぞれの家で長短不揃いのカヤの箸とともに小豆粥が供えられる。
On November 23 (old calendar)(present-day December 23), when Daishiko is conducted, people make an offering of azuki-gayu together with a pair of chopsticks made of kaya (eulalia) with each stick having a different length from that of the other.

風呂敷の大きさは、古くから織物の一反（幅約35cm～40cm、長さ約12m）を利用して無駄無く裁断し縫製するため、若干の長短があって正方形ではなかった。
As for the size of Furoshiki, their lengths were found to be different from each other, which means their shapes were not a regular square, because from old times Furoshiki was made by cutting one Tan (width of approx. 35cm～40cm and length of approx. 12m) of textile into pieces without incurring waste and sewing them.

日本初の連載漫画は、『團團珍聞』に連載された田口米作の『江の島鎌倉長短旅行』（1896年）で、特定のキャラクターによる一貫したストーリーを描いた最初の漫画でもあった。
Japan's first serial comic was 'A Tall Man and a Short Man Make a Trip to Enoshima and Kamakura' (1896) by Beisaku TAGUCHI serialized in 'Marumaru Chinbun' and it was the first comic that describes a coherent story with specific characters.

短歌を和歌の詠み方（リズム）から脱して西洋音楽化させた例として「君が代」があるが、この場合は上記のような短歌のリズムから脱し、西洋音楽として美しく聴こえるよう音節を長短させている。
An example of applying Western-style harmony to tanka and deserting the manner of reciting waka (rhythm) is 'Kimigayo (the Japanese national anthem),' and in this case the rhythm of tanka, as stated above, was abandoned in the adjustment to the Western system of harmony.

平安末期以降は、床の背中部分と上手のみを別々に皮で作って紐で結び、繋ぎ目部分から延び、長短二本の紐のうち、長い紐（懸緒）を逆側の留め具（受緒）に通して短い紐（待緒）と結ぶようになった。
From the end of the Heian Period, the back section of the toko and uwate were made of leather separately and joined with strings, the longer kakeo (hanging cord) of the two strings was passed through the fastener (the ukeo, or catcher cord) on the opposite side and tied with the shorter one (machio cord).

中国では双剣や双刀、東南アジアではシラットやエスクリマ、クラビクラボーンなどの武術で二刀流（東南アジアや中国では、短棒二本や短剣二本や長短の剣など二刀流のバリエーションが多い）が行われ、日本とは違い比較的一般的であった。
Two-sword fencing has been more popular in China and Southeast Asia than in Japan, for example soken (fencing with two double-edged straight swords) and soto (fencing with two butterfly swords) in China, and Silat, Eskrima and Krabi-krabong in Southeast Asia (in Southeast Asia and China there are many different styles of two-sword fencing such as two short clubs, two daggers, and one long sword and one short sword).

商品の質（消費期限 / 賞味期限の長短）によっても行商範囲は異なり、取れたその日に消費される必要のある生鮮食品は都市周辺部や都市内部で採れたり作られた食品を運んで売り歩くが、より長期間の保存ができる物品などでは都市から都市へと渡り歩くような業態も存在する。
The area for peddling differs depending on the type of products (length of expiry period or best-before period), which means some types of fresh food required to be eaten on the day they are gathered are often sold in peripheral areas and urban areas, but products which can be stored for long periods are sometimes sold by peddlers moving from city to city.