重視: 521 Terms and Phrases
- 重視
- importance
- stress
- serious consideration
- to take something seriously
- to attach importance
- to stress
- 顧客重視
- customer focus
- Customer focus
- 残存重視
- account that pays attention to balance
- 残高重視
- account that pays attention to balance
- ~を重視する
- -conscious
- make a point of ~ing
- put a premium on ~
- 朋友関係の重視
- Emphasizing the relationship between associates
- 明瞭性重視の原則
- Principle of Clarity
- Rules of Clarity
- 姿勢や呼吸の重視
- There is an emphasis on attitude and breathing.
- 「氣」を重視する。
- He valued 'qi.'
- 市場重視型個別協議
- market-oriented sector-selective
- 対人関係重視の原則
- the Principle of Politeness
- 彼がXを重視します。
- He emphasizes X.
- 能力主義を重視した。
- He emphasized merit-based personnel systems.
- 5. 「誠意」の重視
- 5. Emphasis on 'seii'
- 彼が公民権を重視すること
- his emphasis on civil rights
- 彼が心の教育を重視する。
- He emphasizes education of the mind.
- 「丹田」の意識を重視する
- There is an emphasis on consciousness of the inner part of the lower abdomen, just beneath the navel.
- 彼が水の機能性を重視する。
- He focuses on the power of water.
- 信玄は鉄砲も重視していた。
- Shingen placed importance in guns.
- 形式や礼儀を重視しない態度
- a manner that does not take forms and ceremonies seriously
- 私は健康を重視しています。
- I take my health seriously.
- 彼を重視しているのですか。
- Do you hold him in great account?
- 話術も比較的重視されている。
- Focus is rather placed on speaking skills.
- 吉本はこれを非常に重視した。
- Yoshimoto regarded this practice as very important.
- お金を重視するのは良くない。
- We should not make too much of money.
- 君はその事実を重視すべきだ。
- You should emphasize that fact.
- あの国では個性が重視される。
- That country is where individuality counts.
- 速さよりも正確さが重視された
- the stress was more on accuracy than on speed
- 彼の妹は流行を重視し過ぎる。
- His sister makes too much of fashion.
- また軸より花が重視されている。
- In addition, flowers are more important than hanging scrolls.
- 竹の子族などの派手さ重視の衣装
- Costumes placing importance on showiness such as costume worn by Takenoko-zoku (bamboo shoot kids)
- この報告はその事実を重視した。
- The report made much of that fact.
- 私達は自然環境を重視すべきだ。
- We should place much value on the environment.
- 重視されていない研究に従事する
- engaged in unoriented study
- 君はその出来事を重視しすぎる。
- You make too much of the event.
- 金銭を重視しすぎてはいけない。
- We should not place too much emphasis on money.
- 彼は口語英語を非常に重視した。
- He put great emphasis on spoken English.
- 重視していた姿勢が見て取れる。
- It showed that he valued the Sofuku-ji Temple.
- 私はその発見を大して重視しない。
- I do not make much of that discovery.
- 私は彼の意見をあまり重視しない。
- I don't make much of his opinion.
- 彼らは私の意見を重視しなかった。
- They didn't take much account of my opinion.
- お歯黒、引眉、等、時代考証を重視。
- Close attention was paid to historical accuracy such as ohaguro and hikimayu in the Daiei jidaigeki.
- 念仏を重視して主に近畿地方で布教。
- Regarded nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) important and mainly propagated in the Kinki Region.
- 人生においてお金を重視する人もいる。
- Some people place a lot more emphasis on the importance of money in life.
- その本は最初から最後まで価値重視である
- the book is value-oriented throughout
- 技よりも筋力やスピード重視に陥り易い。
- We're inclined to emphasize muscle strength or speed rather than skills.
- それでも五番立の順序は重視されている。
- Still, the performing order of the five dramas is highly appreciated.
- 神典として重視されてきたことがわかる。
- This reveals that this book has been valued as a book of Shinto gods.
- そのパラグラフは内容を重視しています。
- The paragraph emphasises the message.
- どちらの見解や意見も公平に重視する傾向
- an inclination to weigh both views or opinions equally
- 速度よりもサイズを重視した最適化を行う
- Optimize for space rather than speed
- そのため礼儀作法が非常に重視されている。
- For this purpose, they attached great importance to etiquette and formality.
- 師資相承を重視するために分派していった。
- It split into sects because it valued shishisosho, a succession from a teacher to a disciple.
- 高等学校では英語と数学が重視されている。
- English and mathematics are made much of in senior high schools.
- 念仏(信心)重視の真宗教団の性格が伺える。
- From the above, we can infer the characteristics of Jodo Shinshu Sect which emphasizes nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) (faith).
- ほとんどの専門家が彼の理論を重視している。
- Most experts think a lot of his theory.
- 天台宗では、「根本法華」として重視している。
- The Tendai sect values it highly as a 'fundamental Hokke (根本法華).'
- 戒律を重視し「正法律」(真言律)を提唱した。
- He emphasized Buddhist precepts and advocated 'Shoboritsu' (Shingonritsu (literally, True Word Precepts)).
- これは、潜在自然植生を重視する考え方である。
- This is an idea that emphasizes the potential natural habitat.
- 写生を重視した親しみやすい画風が特色である。
- His approachable style of painting attaches great importance to sketching.
- 大社造と同様に、通風性を重視した床が高い構造。
- The structure has a high floor, giving consideration to air permeability as in the case of taisha-zukuri style.
- これに対して、大慧は公案の工夫参究を重視した。
- Against this theory, Daie put much value on Koan (questions with paradox from a teacher to a student during the course of Zen practice), its ideas, and participation and exploration into it.
- エゴなんて職場で重視するものではないでしょう。
- Ego has very little place in the workplace.
- 家格を重視する江戸時代に特徴的な紛争であった。
- Therefore, this type of dispute was characteristic of the Edo period when samurai placed a high value on social standing of their families.
- 歌舞伎の花道と同じように演技の場として重視される。
- Like Hanamichi (passage through audience to stage) in Kabuki, Hashigakari is considered as an important place of performance.
- 特に実如が重視したのは管領細川政元との関係である。
- Jitsunyo placed particular importance on his relationship with the Kanrei (shogunal deputy) Masamoto HOSOKAWA.
- 元来の仏教は、葬送儀礼を重視する宗教ではなかった。
- Buddhism was originally not a religion which emphasized funeral rites.
- 学校における理科教育においても、観察は重視される。
- Observation is valued in science education at schools.
- 由利案ではこの条文は第一条に置かれ最重視されていた。
- In the Yuri draft it was the first article and was most emphasized.
- 彼はそのような事柄を重視するような父親ではなかった。
- He wasn't the kind of father to make much of such matters.
- 胎蔵曼荼羅の虚空蔵院の主尊であり、密教でも重視される。
- It is the central figure of the Garbha-mandala in Kokuzo-in, and is esteemed in Mikkyo as well.
- 救いの手段として、個人の目覚めと忠誠の重要性を重視する
- stresses the importance of personal conversion and faith as the means of salvation
- 大久保は、西郷出仕の必要性を重視してこれを受け入れた。
- Okubo emphasized the necessity of Saigo's service and accepted his opinion.
- 字引重視の型と付録重視で教養書的なものの二傾向がある。
- There were two trends in the forms: One was a dictionary-oriented form and the other was an educational book-like appendix-oriented form.
- 日本の浄土教諸宗において、それぞれ重視する経典が異なる。
- Various Japanese Jodo sects emphasize different sutras.
- 観察したことを記録する方法として,スケッチも重視される。
- Drawing is also valued as a method of recording the result of observation,
- 防音設備が施されプライベートを重視したゲストルームです。
- It's a guest room equipped with soundproofing with an emphasis on privacy.
- 上手く切れた発句は「切れがある」と評価され、重視された。
- The hokku with a beautifully placed cut is highly rated as having a 'nice rhythm.'
- また、備単体では魚鱗や鶴翼の様な陣形はあまり重視されない。
- Furthermore, battle arrays such as the fish scale and 'V' formations were not emphasized in individual sonae units.
- 律令制の根幹は人別課税だったが、冬嗣は土地課税を重視した。
- The Ritsuryo system was based on an individual-based tax system, while the Fuyutsugu count was a land-based tax system.
- 燃料はかまどと異なり、火力よりも火持ちのよさが重視される。
- The fuel for the Irori fireplace is different from that for a stove; fuel consumption is more important than fire intensity.
- これらは当時朝廷から重視された神社であることを示している。
- This signifies that the Imperial Court placed importance on these shrines at the time.
- 関東の北条領は一益の文書では南方と呼ばれ、重視されている。
- According to a document kept by Kazumasu, the territory of the Hojo clan in the Kanto region was called 'Minamikata' and highly valued.
- 東映は、正社員の採用において学歴や縁故を大変重視していた。
- Toei put much emphasis on educational background and personal connections when recruiting full-time employees.
- 長政は義景との同盟関係を重視し、織田徳川軍を背後から急襲。
- Nagamasa laid importance on the alliance with Yoshikage and made a surprise attack on the army of Oda and Tokugawa from behind.
- クレジットカード会社は信用査定結果をあまり重視していません。
- Credit card companies are not looking so hard at credit ratings.
- この国では、長い間、試験結果のみを重視した教育を行ってきた。
- For too long society has placed sole emphasis on children's test results, to the detriment of social discipline.
- この演目が物語性を重視しない、本質的に見世物である所以である。
- This is because the play is essentially written as an attraction and does not emphasize narrativity.
- そこに、日本の家柄を重視する貴族社会の特性をみることができる。
- This is where the characteristic of Japanese aristocratic society that places emphasis on the social standing of a family may be seen.
- 祖師からの嗣法を重視する禅宗では祖師像を仏像と同様に尊重した。
- Zen sect which emphasizes shiho (to inherit the dharma from a priest master) respected the images of the patriarch just as Buddha statues.
- 伊勢神宮の祭祀が重視され広瀬・竜田祭が国家事業として行われた。
- They attached importance to the rituals of Ise-jingu Shrine, and the Hirose Tatsuta Festival was held as a state undertaking.
- 歴史学が実証主義を重視しすぎ、歴史認識や史学方法論を軽んじた。
- History had placed too much importance on positivism and treated recognition of history and methodologies of history lightly.
- 但しキャベツのシャキシャキ感を重視するなら、多少粗めでも良い。
- However, if the crunchy texture of cabbage is preferred, a little bit rough cutting is OK.
- 近衛篤麿の外交政策は、中国(当時は清)を重視したものであった。
- About his diplomatic strategy, Atsumaro KONOE weighed heavily on China (Qing at that time).
- これは、中国より日本の方が貴族の役割を重視していたことを表す。
- This fact indicated that Japan evaluated the roles of Kizoku more highly than China did.
- 信長が楽市・楽座のような商工業を重視していたことは有名である。
- It is well known that Nobunaga put great emphasis on trade and craft such as rakuichi-rakuza (free markets and open guilds).
- ステークホルダー重視による環境レポーティングガイドライン2001
- Environmental Reporting Guidelines 2001-- With Focus on Stakeholders
- また、『正信念仏偈(正信偈)』・『三帖和讃』を重視し教化に用いた。
- He respected verses, written by Shinran, called 'Shoshin nenbutsuge' (Shoshinge), and 'three Buddhist verses' called Sanjo wasan, and used them for enlightenment purposes.
- 基礎学問重視と独創的研究の必要性、科学と人間の平和的共存を訴えた。
- He advocated the necessity of basic science and independent research, and for the peaceful coexistence of science and people.
- 他武道に比べ精神性が重視され、精神的な境地が技に現れるとされている。
- Compared to other martial arts, spirituality is valued, and it's believed that the spiritual state can be seen in the techniques.
- 日本人の信仰・他界観念を探るための手がかりとして民俗学上重視される。
- It is valued in ethnology as a clue to probing the Japanese people's concept of religion and the afterworld.
- 君主とその家臣団によって統治される国家は、君主を最も重視しています。
- Those states that are governed by a prince and his servants hold their prince in more consideration,
- Those states that are governed by a prince and his servants hold their prince in more consideration,
- やみくもに、頑固に、他人へのいくつかの信条または意見を偏狭を重視する
- blindly and obstinately attached to some creed or opinion and intolerant toward others
- 生物学ではまずはその形態、それにその動きをよく見ることが重視される。
- In the field of biology, it is important to carefully watch the appearance of the object and its movements.
- 明治6年の征韓論に際して、黒田は内治重視の立場から西郷らに反対した。
- With regard to the seikanron (an opinion to dispatch a mission to Korea) in 1873, Kuroda opposed Saigo and some others as he took the position to emphasize internal politics.
- それを重視するということは、儒教的価値観に一石を投じるものであった。
- Putting emphasis on the horizontal relationship caused a stir in the Confucian values.
- 山縣有朋や井上馨も北海道を視察して屯田兵を重視すべきとの印象を得た。
- Aritomo YAMAGATA and Kaoru INOUE also inspected Hokkaido and got an impression that they should give greater importance to todenhei.
- 上方の雰囲気がこの狂言の生命とされ、戦後は東京も上方の演出を重視する。
- Atmosphere in kamigata is said to be a life of this kyogen and kamigata's staging was emphasized even in Tokyo after the war.
- 公案を重視し、研究し理解することで大悟(悟り)に至ろうとする禅のこと。
- It refers to zazen that aims to reach 'taigo' (also called 'satori,' which means 'enlightenment') through emphasizing, digging into, and grasping 'koan' (a story, question, problem, or statement generally inaccessible to rational understanding, yet which may be accessible to intuition).
- この時期の演習林では、学術的な研究を重視した経営方針が立てられていた。
- A business policy of placing emphasis on academic research was employed for the field practice forest during this era.
- 西南戦争の教訓から、徴兵兵士に対する精神教育を重視する傾向が強まった。
- From the lessons obtained through the Seinan War, the tendency of emphasizing moral education for conscripted soldiers became stronger.
- 良房の養子、藤原基経もまた、良房路線を継承し土地課税重視の政策をとった。
- FUJIWARA no Mototsune, an adopted child of Yoshifusa, also followed Yoshifusa's policy line, and carried out counting based on the land-based tax system.
- 顕教系の如来であり、日本の真言宗(真言密教)では本来あまり重視されない。
- It is a Nyorai of exoteric Buddhism and the Japanese Shingon Sect (Shingon Esoteric Buddhism) basically does not emphasize it.
- 初期大乗仏教では三昧を重視し、般若経典では「百八三昧」等が説かれている。
- The initial Mahayana Buddhism emphasized Sanmai and the importance of 'Hyakuhachi zanmai' (one hundred eight kinds of samadhi) etc., were preached in the Prajnaparamita-sutra.
- その試合規則で有用な技術が重視され、それ以外の技術はおろそかになり易い。
- Useful skills in the rules of the game are emphasized, but the other skills are likely to be neglected.
- 最大の眼目は一週間の集中内観終了後の日常内観を重視するということである。
- The greatest gist of this archetype is the importance of daily Naikan after a week of concentrated Naikan was completed.
- 開祖道元の遺風を遵守する保守派と民衆教化を重視した改革派の対立とされる。
- It is regarded as a conflict between conservatives, who complied with the relic teachings of the sect's founder Dogen, and reformists, who attached more importance to propagation among the common people.
- 現在22に及ぶ大徳寺塔頭中、北派本庵として最も尊重重視される名刹である。
- It is famous as the main retreat of the Kita (Northern) School and is the most respected of the 22 sub-temples of Daitoku-ji Temple.
- ただし、徹底的なリアルさを求めるものでなく、見た目重視のところもあった。
- However, he was not a perfect realist, and he also cared for the visual effects of his performances.
- 頭中将は上流貴族出身者が務めたのに対し、頭弁は実務処理能力が重視された。
- While persons of high-ranking court nobles were usually appointed to To no chujo, an ability for practical jobs was emphasized for To no ben.
- 水戸学は朱子学名分論の影響を強く受けており、皇統の正統性を重視していた。
- Mitogaku was strongly influenced by Shushigaku Meibunron, and emphasized the validity of the Imperial line.
- 貴顕社会との交流を重視した師真雅に対して、華美や権勢と一定の距離を置いた。
- While his mentor, Shinga had importance for intercommunion with aristocratic society, Shobo kept himself detached from the society.
- 研究を重視する「研究博物館」として日本の博物館の中では異色の存在であった。
- The museum was unique in Japan for its focus on research.
- 従って、上記のような夜間の風習や神事などをあまり重視していないことが多い。
- In this case, attention is rarely paid to the above-mentioned practices conducted during nighttime or shinto rituals.
- 海面上の地球の構成の科学的研究(海面と比較して土地高度の測定値を重視する)
- the scientific study of the earth's configuration above sea level (emphasizing the measurement of land altitudes relative to sea level)
- 科挙の最高クラスである進士科の試験科目でも詩作の能力が特に重視されている。
- In the examination of the Shinshi (Daigaku student who passed a subject of the official appointment test) class, the highest level in Kakyo, testing the ability of making a poem was especially emphasized.
- 少なくとも撮影所には採用人事の学閥重視を一蹴するような実力主義が見られる。
- It can be said that the recruitment process for studio staff seems to prioritise ability over academic clique.
- 貴族社会のたしなみを反映した流派であり、運動の正確さ、美しさなどを重視する。
- Since it had been developed reflecting the manners of the aristocracy, the accuracy and the beauty of the riding are considered to be important.
- 類似の格闘技の中では、特に常に前に出て押すことを重視するところに特徴がある。
- Sumo is unique when compared to similar types of martial arts in that sumo emphasizes having a wrestler to keep pushing forward.
- 屋内での茶道では重視される細かいマナーが簡略化された気安い催しの場合もある。
- In some cases, Nodate is an event easy to participate in where detailed manners are simplified although they are valued in an indoor tea ceremony.
- このためサービスの比重は救護の方に置かれ、宿泊はあまり重視されていなかった。
- Consequently, the services placed great emphasis on relief activities while placing very little importance on aspects of accommodation.
- また、幕末期には海防が重視され、藩内に大砲28門、砲台築造などが行なわれた。
- In the last days of Tokugawa Shogunate, naval defense became a priority, and 28 guns and gun emplacements were constructed in the domain.
- また、供される料理もとにかく見た目の美しさを重視した盛り付けのみでよかった。
- They served meals with the emphasis on only good-looking arrangements.
- 吟醸香に重きを置く酒や、全国新酒鑑評会に出品される酒では、とかく重視される。
- With respect to sake for which ginjoko is focused on or sake displayed in Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai, an importance is attached to this fragrance.
- ただし、宗派や寺院によっては祖師堂や御影堂が本堂よりも重視されることがある。
- However, some sects and temples place greater importance on these Kaisan-do halls than the main hall.
- 勘違いされやすいが処女性重視は古代から現代まで一貫してあった価値観ではない。
- Many people may misunderstand this, but protecting virginity has not always been stressed throughout the country's history from ancient times to the modern day.
- 稲荷を祭神としているところでは稲荷の祭日である2月の初午の祭りが重視される。
- In places where Inari is enshrined, the main time of worship is the Inari festival on the first day of the horse in the 2nd month.
- そもそも代数を重視せず、フィーリングでなんとなく決める場合などがあげられる。
- There are other examples where a Myoseki name is somehow determined without seriously taking into consideration the number of generations.
- 蘇我氏打倒後、保守派は百済重視外交を推し進め、白村江の戦いでそれが破綻する。
- After the fall of the Soga clan, the conservatives moved ahead with the Baekje focused policy, which failed when the Battle of Hakusukinoe (the battle of Baekgan) broke out.
- 旧日本軍の騎兵科の教練にも水馬がおこなわれ、水中騎兵練習として重視されていた。
- Suiba was adopted as a drill of the cavalry department of the Imperial Japanese Army and became an important in-water exercise.
- 上方では、『型』を重視せず、演じ方は自分自身で創意工夫することが大事とされた。
- In Kamigata, 'form' is not given importance, and exerting one's originality and ingenuity is considered important with respect to performance.
- 伝統派空手のうち、競技化、スポーツ化を志向せず、古流の空手スタイルを重視する。
- Koryu karate is a form of traditional-style karate, which, without aspiring to tournaments or sport, focuses on old karate styles.
- しかし明治時代に陸運が重視されると、陸路による東京までの交通整備が進められた。
- However, when land transportation became important in Meiji period, land routes to Tokyo were developed.
- 関宿は江戸時代、利根川と江戸川の分岐点にあり、交通の要衝として重視されていた。
- During the Edo period, Sekiyado was located at the fork of the Tone-gawa River and the Edo-gawa River, and was regarded as an important traffic point.
- 元山は単に貿易の要所としてだけでなく、対ロシアの拠点としての機能も重視された。
- Wonsan was considered as an important site not only for trade, but also as a foothold against Russia.
- これは日本の漢文学習で音読が軽視され、訓読が過度に重視された弊害とも言われる。
- This is said to be because of the adverse effect of Chinese literature learning in Japan, where an excessive importance was attached to 'kundoku' (reading Chinese texts as Japanese texts), rather than to 'ondoku' (the Chinese-style reading of a character).
- 叔父の中で頼盛だけが出席しており、宗盛が頼盛を重視していたことを示唆している。
- Among the uncles, only Yorimori was present, which is taken to be indicative of the importance that Munemori attached to Yorimori.
- 途中に本文の大きな欠落があるなどの理由から、従来はあまり重視されてこなかった。
- It was not seen as important in the past because a large portion of the story is missing from the main text.
- 浅香社が結成され、主観を重視する浪漫的な短歌を目指し、与謝野鉄幹らを輩出した。
- The Asaka sha (the Asaka Society) was formed to create romantic tanka poetry that emphasized subjectivity, and boasted such new talented poets as Tekkan YOSANO.
- 先の『詞花』に反して当代重視主義に戻り、同時代の入集歌数は全体の半数に及んだ。
- In opposition to the preceding anthology titled 'Shika,' the contemporary poets were considered important again, and the number of selected poems by contemporary poets comprised half the total number offered in the work.
- 源信 (僧侶)著の往生要集では観想念仏の重視が説かれており、平安貴族に流行した。
- In Ojoyoshu, written by Genshin (a priest), Kanso Nenbutsu was accorded high value and was therefore popular among aristocrats during the Heian period.
- 探幽は写生(スケッチ)や古画の模写を重視し、写生図集や模写画集を多数残している。
- Tanyu emphasized sketches and the copying of ancient paintings; consequently, he left numerous sketch books and reproduction books.
- この後頼綱は、しばらくは追加法を頻繁に出す等の手続きを重視した政治を行っていた。
- After the Incident Yoritsuna briefly focused on the procedural aspects of politics by frequently issuing additional laws.
- 内村鑑三による教育勅語拝礼拒否(不敬事件)により、教育勅語重視の訓令を追加した。
- Since Kanzo UCHIMURA rejected the worship specified in the Imperial Rescript on Education (known as the Lese Majesty Incident), a directive to follow the Imperial Rescript on Education was also issued.
- 歌作りにおいて重視された当時の源氏物語の受け取られ方を反映していると考えられる。
- It is believed that the comment reflects how the Tale of Genji was taken at that time, when it was regarded as important in poetry composition.
- 日本で二刀流を重視する剣術流派としては、宮本武蔵が開いた二天一流が最も有名である。
- Niten Ichi-ryu, the school established by Musashi MIYAMOTO, is the most famous among the Japanese sword art schools that emphasize two-sword fencing in Japan.
- しかし鎖国後は、もっぱら国内重視の政策が採られ、基本的に国内自給経済が形成された。
- After closing the country, however, the national policy focused exclusively on domestic affairs, and a domestically self-supported economy was formed.
- 神明造では通風性を重視した床が高い構造で、高床式倉庫の名残であると考えられている。
- Shinmei-zukuri buildings have floors raised from the ground, with importance placed on ventilation, and this is considered to be a vestige of the design of takayukashiki-soko (warehouse on stilts).
- 洛学の後継者を自認する朱熹は心の修養を重視して緻密な理論に基づく方法論を確立した。
- Chu His, who acknowledged himself as a successor of Luo learning, valued training of the mind, and developed a methodology based on a precise theory.
- 武射系は戦場での実利を重視して発展してきた射の系統を言い、事実上日置流系統をさす。
- The Busha group refers to the shooting lineage that developed with focus on practical benefits on the battlefield, and it refers to the Heki-ryu school lineage.
- 森羅万象に神 (神道)が宿ると考え、天津神・国津神や祖霊をまつり、祭祀を重視する。
- According to Shinto's idea, the Kami (Shinto) exists in Shinrabansho (all things in nature, the whole creation) and religious services are considered important, with Amatsu kami (god of heaven), Kunitsukami (gods of the land), and Sorei (ancestral spirit, collective of ancestral spirits that have lost their individualities, ancestors deified as kami, spirit of a kami) enshrined.
- また木戸は能力を重視して大隈とともに旧幕臣の郷純造や渋沢栄一らを新政府に登用した。
- Also, Kido empahasized the ability of individuals and appointed, along with Okuma, a former retainer of shogun Junzo GO and Eiichi SHIBUSAWA to posts within the new government.
- また朝鮮では両班を中心に漢字が重視されており、ハングル(朝鮮語)は軽視されていた。
- And in Korea, kanji (Chinese characters) was valued mainly among yahgban, and Hangeul (Korean letters) was unvalued.
- ミュージカル、宝塚歌劇、等は演出等にもよるが、演出を重視する場合ほど、厚化粧になる。
- Although makeup used in musicals, Takarazuka Revue, etc. varies depending on the stage effects, atsugesho becomes more heavily applied as greater emphasis is placed on the stage effects.
- 内容的にはテイスティング能力がより重視され、「日本酒の伝道者」たることが求められる。
- The certification puts more emphasis on the tasting ability and requires the applicants to be an 'evangelist of Japanese sake.'
- 元々は鎌倉時代に禅寺で採られていた、質素倹約を重視した食事の形式を指す言葉であった。
- Ichiju-issai originally meant a meal style emphasizing simplicity and frugality that had been taken in Zen temples in the Kamakura period.
- 憲法学の通説となった天皇機関説は、議会の役割を重視し、政党政治と憲政の常道を支えた。
- The Emperor Organ Theory, which became a popular theory of the Study of Constitution, focused on roles of the diet and supported the way of party government and constitutional politics.
- 歌舞伎と落語では名跡はとても重視され、前記のように出世魚式の名跡のリレーが見られる。
- In the worlds of kabuki and rakugo, `Myoseki` stage names are considered very important and as noted above, entertainers assume a series of `Myoseki` stage names in turn.
- 現行曲は254番と、大蔵流に比べてかなり多く、歌謡を重視した台本や演出に独自性がある。
- The Izumi school currently has a repertoire of 254 pieces, which is a much larger number than that of the Okura school, with its originality coming from scripts and stage effects attaching more importance to songs and ballads.
- 一方、城は防衛機能より居住性や壮大さや豪華さを重視した、優雅で窓の多いものが作られた。
- On the other hand, the castles that emphasized interior comfort, grandeur and luxury rather than defense functions, were elegant, and many windows were installed.
- 合戦では情報を得ることを重視し、軒猿(担猿)という忍者集団を擁していたと言われている。
- It has been said that he placed importance on receiving information in battle, and employed a ninja group called Nokizaru (also called Tanzaru).
- 不立文字を原則とするため中心的経典を立てず、教外別伝を原則とするため師資相承を重視する。
- It does not have a central sutra because of the principle of furyumonji (the thought that the status of enlightenment cannot be expressed in characters or discourses) and emphasizes shishi sosho (transmission of the teachings and the way of Buddhism from a teacher to a disciple) because of the principle of transmission of spiritual awakening without words or characters and in a heart-to-heart way.
- 中世以降は特に日蓮宗・法華宗(法華神道)で重視され、法華経守護の神(護法善神)とされた。
- In medieval times, and after, it was especially valued in the Nichiren school of Buddhism and in the Hokke sect in Buddhism (Hokke Shinto), and was seen as the Hokekyo shugo no kami (Gohozenshin).
- また、(機能美までに至らない)実用性の重視、ブランドへの無批判な信仰と依存も野暮といえる。
- Also, an emphasis on practicality (which stops short of functional beauty), together with uncritical faith in and dependence on brand can be considered yabo.
- 重厚な芸風で謡を重視し、その独特の謡の魅力から「謡宝生(うたいほうしょう)」とも呼ばれる。
- They emphasize Utai (the chanting of a Noh text) in their dignified performance style, and they are also called 'Utai Hosho' (literally, 'chanting Hosho') because of their unique chanting characteristics.
- 実用性を重視し、簡素な造りであり、貴族文化に対抗した武家にふさわしい住宅様式と考えられた。
- With importance placed on practicability, the simple style was considered to be fitting as residences for samurai as opposed to aristocratic culture.
- 江戸のは様式性を重視する幕切れであるが 上方は最後は武士として礼を尽くすという理屈である。
- The Edo-style ending attaches importance to stylization, while Kamigata maintains the logic that Kanpei showed courtesy as a samurai at the end.
- これらの祭りは毎年行なわれる祭りよりも大規模であることが多く、重視されている祭りといえる。
- These festivals are regarded to be of the utmost significance, held on a larger scale than annual festivals.
- ただし、『ドゥーフ・ハルマ』は文語よりも口語を重視して記載し、豊富な文例も収録されている。
- 'Doeff Halma' placed more importance on spoken language than on literary language, and recorded a wide range of model sentences.
- ただし、秀吉は南蛮貿易の実利を重視していたため、この時点では大規模な迫害は行われなかった。
- However, since Hideyoshi placed emphasis on the actual profit that he could receive from Japan's trade with Spain and Portugal, a great persecution was not executed at this point.
- さらに近代文芸として個人の創作性を重視して俳句を成立させたのが明治時代の正岡子規であった。
- During the Meiji period, Shiki MASAOKA emphasized creativity within the individual and ultimately established haiku poetry as modern literature.
- 日本初の蒸留所が造られた山崎は経済的な制約があり、より便利な場所に建設することが重視された。
- Yamazaki, where the first distillery in Japan was built, was chosen for the location because the place was more convenient due to the economic limitation to build it.
- 近年のCQCを重視する各国の軍用格闘技に柔術の技が採り入れられていることもある(サンボ等)。
- In some countries where close quarters combat (CQC) has been stressed on recently, the techniques of jujutsu are introduced into their own military combat sports, such as Sambo.
- 近代の大衆社会になって、壁画は学のない人々にも主義主張を視覚的に伝える手法として重視された。
- In modern mass society, wall paintings were considered an important means by which people with less of an educational background were able to assert their own views or policies in a visual way.
- 民意を重視し、検地や徳政を行うための内政事情によって代替わりすることが北条氏の常套であった。
- As the Hojo clan valued the people's opinion, it was common for the clan to change a family head for domestic reasons such as to conduct a land survey or political reforms.
- 薩摩士族兵達の苛烈な白刃突撃や白兵戦を見て、日本軍は白兵戦を重視するに至ったとの意見もある。
- There is an opinion that, seeing the sight that soldiers from warrior class in Satsuma furiously rushed in with swords and waged hand-to-hand fights with swords, the Japanese army became to place importance on hand-to-hand fights.
- 天皇の挙動を重視し実録的性格を国史に反映させた点で後の、日本三代実録等に大きな影響を与えた。
- In the points of emphasizing the emperor's actions and reflecting the authentic style of the National Histories, it greatly influenced later works such as Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku (Veritable Records of Three Reigns of Japan).
- 中国では、土地の班給よりも租税の確保が重視されていたが、日本では土地の班給が重視されていた。
- In China, the system put emphasis on securing taxes rather than allotting land, whereas in Japan, the system emphasized land allotment.
- 日本の曹洞宗開祖である道元は只管打座(しかんたざ)、すなわちただひたすらに坐ることを重視した。
- The priest Dogen, founder of the Soto Sect of Buddhism, emphasized the concept of 'shikantaza' which is a Japanese term for zazen and means just sitting.
- 中期密教ではヒンドゥー教の隆盛に対抗できなくなると、理論より実践を重視した後期密教が誕生した。
- Because the middle stage of Mikkyo couldn't hold out against the flourishing of Hinduism, the late-stage of Mikkyo, which valued practice instead of theory, was established.
- 自然石のもつ野趣を重視して作られたものでわび・さびなどの茶道の精神を具現化しているとも言える。
- It is said that this type of chozubachi embodies the spirit of the tea ceremony, such as wabi (taste for the simple and quiet) and sabi (subdued refinement), emphasizing the rustic beauty of natural stone.
- 主に東山地域の系統では、観光都市・京都という事で観光客重視のダイヤで設定されている系統が多い。
- The operation schedules of many bus routes, particularly in the Higashiyama area, are set mostly for tourists, in consideration of the fact that Kyoto is a city for sightseeing.
- 当初は古墳に伴うという時代的特徴が手がかりとなったが、現在では、全国的斉一性が重視されている。
- Initially, occurrence with tumuli was regarded its distinctive historical features, but the emphasis today is on nationwide occurrence.
- このような官僚(官人)と法律を重視する支配方針は、支配原則が共通する律令制の導入へと帰着した。
- Such governance philosophy that highly valued bureaucrats (or government officials) and laws culminated in the introduction of the ritsuryo system (the system of centralized administration established under the ritsuryo legal codes), since it shared the same governance principle.
- 但し、実情は律令の規定は現実社会とは乖離しつつあり、律令を補なう格式が重視されるようになった。
- In reality, the regulations of the Ritsuryo system were becoming estranged from the real world, and more importance came to be placed on the Kyakushiki, which supplemented the Ritsuryo.
- 窪田空穂が人麻呂は夫婦生活というものを重視したひとであるとの旨を述べている(『万葉集評釈』)。
- Utsubo KUBOTA mentions that Hitomaro was a man who emphasized wedlock ('Manyoshu hyoshaku [explanatory notes]').
- このようなことから、江戸時代には幕府により、平将門を祭る神田明神は江戸総鎮守として重視された。
- Therefore, during the Edo Period, the Kanda Myojin Shrine, where TAIRA no Masakado was enshrined, was revered as the Edo Sochinju (the center place to pray for local gods) by the Shogunate.
- 無論、有能な人材も重視し、安祥・岡崎譜代だけでなく今川氏・武田氏・北条氏の旧臣を多く召抱えた。
- Needless to say, he valued competent persons highly, and employed many former retainers of the Imagawa clan, of the Takeda clan, and of the Hojo clan in addition to those of Fudai retainers in the Ansho and Okazaki areas.
- また、文字の美の追求から実用性を重視する変革がなされ漢字かな交じり文が一般化された時代でもある。
- In addition, more importance was placed on practicability rather than calligraphic beauty of characters, leading to the mixed use of Chinese characters and kana characters that became ordinary.
- 一方、後者は、治承三年の政変の際に平氏勢力が従来の国家機構の支配権を掌握したことを重視している。
- On the other hand, the second hypothesis emphasizes the fact that the Taira forces grabbed hold of the control of conventional national organizations upon the coup d'etat in 1179.
- この宗派の僧侶には開祖空海が般若心経を重視したために注釈・解釈を著す僧が多く、著作が色々とある。
- Because Kukai, the founder of the sect, emphasized Hannya Shingyo, various priests of this sect have written commentaries.
- 一方、城は防衛機能より居住性や壮大さや豪華さを重視した、優雅で窓の多いものが作られるようになる。
- On the other hand, the castles that emphasized interior comfort, grandeur and luxury rather than defense functions, were elegant and had many windows built into them.
- かつては型の修行に最も価値がおかれていたが、近年では試合制の導入などにより組手重視の傾向にある。
- Previously, the practice of kata was valued most, but recently there has been a growing trend toward kumite due to the introduction of tournaments.
- 特に仏家神道、儒家神道で重視され、『中臣祓訓解』『中臣祓風水草』などの大祓詞の注釈書も書かれた。
- These words were especially venerated by Buddhist Shinto and Confucian Shinto scholars, and commentaries of oharae such as 'Nakatomi harae kunge' and 'Nakatomi harae fusuiso' were written.
- 外国の使節が通行し、宿泊する事が想定されたため、七道の中で唯一の大路に格付けされ、最重視された。
- The Sanyodo was only the first graded highway among the Shichido, and as such it was regarded as the most important because of the expected passage and stays of foreign missions.
- そのほか、大村が東北平定後の西南雄藩の動向を警戒し、その備えとして大阪を重視したとの証言もある。
- In addition, it is said that after quelling the Tohoku War, he was wary of the powerful southwestern domains and stressed Osaka's importance in guarding against them.
- 信長の施政方針を継承して苛政を敷かず、水運の重視など民生や寺社対策に心を配っていたことが伺える。
- He installed no tyranny and valued the protection of temples and civil administrations including water transport to follow Nobunaga's administrative policy.
- さらに長慶は朝廷・寺社との関係を重視し、たびたび連歌などを催しては親密な関係を維持しようとした。
- Also, Nagayoshi tried to maintain their close relationships with the Imperial Court and temples and shrines by holding renga often.
- 特に缶コーヒーのような雰囲気が重視される商品の場合、ケミカルな印象がマイナスイメージにもなりえる。
- More especially, in products where the atmosphere is valued as canned coffee, a chemical-like impression may give a negative impression.
- 肯定的立場からは、事実上の国歌として歌われてきた明治以来の伝統を重視するリベラル寄りの意見がある。
- From the affirmative standpoints, there is an opinion on the liberal side which places importance upon tradition since the Meiji Period to sing as de facto, the national anthem.
- 現在は、宗祖円珍の廟所ならびに灌頂(密教の儀式)の道場として寺内でも最も重視されている区域である。
- Currently, this is the most important place in the temple precincts as byosho (mausoleum) of the founder Enchin and dojo (training hall) of kanjo (a consecration ceremony by pouring water onto the top of monk's head) (a ceremony of Esoteric Buddhism).
- 古事記の解釈にあたり、「造化」(創造)の神として天之御中主神(あめのみなかぬしのかみ)を重視した。
- Trying to interpret Kojiki, he emphasized Ame no Minakanushi no Kami (one of the gods in Japanese mythology) as the god of 'creation.'
- 観行院らは天璋院の意向を無視し、和宮の御所風の生活を重視して江戸風の生活に慣れようとはしなかった。
- Kangyoin and her people disregarded the intention of Tenshoin, valued the life of Princess Kazunomiya's imperial palace style, and made no attempt to become accustomed to the life of the Edo style.
- ただし板垣宛の書簡は板垣を説得するための方便に過ぎず、西郷の本意は交渉重視であったとの説もある)。
- However, there's another theory that the letter written for Itagaki was used as an expedient to persuade Itagaki and Saigo's true intention placed the great value on negotiation.
- ほかに、清原元輔・大中臣能宣・源道済・藤原長能・同藤原公任ら後撰・拾遺時代の歌人も重視されている。
- Poets from the period of Gosen (Wakashu) and Shui (Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poems) were considered important: KIYOHARA no Motosuke, ONAKATOMI no Yoshinobu, MINAMOTO no Michinari, FUJIWARA no Nagato, and FUJIWARA no Kinto.
- また、土中の邪気を払う意味の儀礼である四股は重視され、神事相撲の多くではこの所作が重要視されている。
- Shiko (a sumo wrestler's ceremonial leg raising and stomping) is important as it is believed to get rid of evil from the ground, and great importance is attached to many Shinto ritual sumo matches.
- 流通通酒はその技術を基にしながらも日常の使用に即したコストパフォーマンスを重視して造った商品である。
- On the other hand, ryutsushu is equivalent to a marchandise made by regarding the cost performance as important for daiy use, even though it is based on its slills.
- 剣道も「しない競技」と名前を変え競技性をより重視するようになり、伝統的な剣術との違いが大きくなった。
- Kendo was renamed 'shinai game', its nature changed to a kind of sport and the difference from traditional Kenjutsu grew larger.
- 「能の本を書く事、この道の命なり」(『風姿花伝』)と述べたように、世阿弥は作能を極めて重視している。
- As Zeami said 'Writing Noh book is the life of Noh.' in 'Fushikaden,' Zeami put great importance on writing Noh.
- 明治時代に入っても、依然として馬による輸送が重視されて「陸運会社」の結成が新政府によって奨励された。
- Even as it became the Meiji period, transportation by horses was still valued, and an establishment of a 'land transportation company' was encouraged by the new government.
- また浄土真宗では信心のみを重視し、信じるだけで往生は約束される、念仏は仏恩報謝の行である、と説いた。
- In addition, the Jodo-shin sect emphasized only faith and taught that if a person believed it, his Ojo would be promised and that nenbutsu was the practice of the gratitude for butsuon (the graces of Buddha).
- しかし禅鳳の作品には、信光作品に時に見られる凄絶さなどがなく、あくまで楽しさ、愉快さを重視している。
- Zenpo's works focus only on amusement, pleasantness, and fun, rather than horrific or fierce aspects, which are occasionally seen in Nobumitsu's works.
- 政戦略の一致が重視されていたが、国是や国家戦略が省略され、国防の本義として要約される形となっている。
- Although consistency in the political strategies was emphasized, the national virtue and the national strategy were omitted, and they were summarized as the principal doctrine for national defense.
- また、近代の新しい文学作品の発表舞台としても作家たちから重視され、森鴎外の「舞姫」などが掲載された。
- The magazine was also appreciated by writers as a sphere of publication of new literary works of modern times; it introduced literary works including 'Maihime' by Ogai MORI.
- よって、河内国太秦は古くから本拠地として重視していたが、6世紀ごろには山背国太秦に移ったと考えられる。
- Thus, while Uzumasa in Kawachi province was initially an important base for the family, around the sixth century, the family probably moved to Uzumasa in Yamashiro Province.
- 法華経系の宗門では、様々な修行の中、この「唱題行」を「正行(しょうぎょう)」と呼び、最も重視している。
- The Hoke-kyo sects call this 'Shodaigyo (唱題行)' as 'Shogyo(正行(しょうぎょう))' among various kinds of ascetic training and accord it the highest value.
- 安然は、「大日経」を中心とする密教重視を極限まで進めて台密(たいみつ=天台宗における密教)を大成した。
- He strongly emphasized Esoteric Buddhism, which was principally based on 'Dainichi-kyo Sutra' (Mahavairocana Sutra), and completed Taimitsu (esoteric Buddhism of the Japanese Tendai Sect).
- これに対し、村田珠光が茶会での博打や飲酒を禁止し、亭主と客との精神交流を重視する茶会のあり方を説いた。
- On the other hand, Juko MURATA forbid gambling and alcohol drinking at tea parties, and lectured on the importance of spiritual relationships between the host and the guest.
- したがって、「営利的施業より理想的な施業」として、営利目的より学術的な成果を重視する立場を取っていた。
- Therefore, the policy of placing an emphasis on attaining academic achievements rather than pursuing profits from business was employed as 'Ideal business rather than business for pursuing profits.'
- 体の局所または部分に基づく解剖研究で、その局所内の様々な構造間(筋肉、神経、動脈など)の関係を重視する
- the study of anatomy based on regions or divisions of the body and emphasizing the relations between various structures (muscles and nerves and arteries etc.) in that region
- 政治制度として天皇制を重視した大日本帝国憲法下の日本政府は大逆罪を重罪とし、死刑・極刑をもって臨んだ。
- The Japanese government, putting a great importance on the Emperor system to govern the nation under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, treated high treason as a felony and punished offenders capitally.
- また漢唐訓詁学の語義のみを重視する解釈学を批判し、その中身である道徳精神を重視する学問が打ち出された。
- Additionally, they criticized the interpretation learning of old words of Han and Tang, which was an interpretation learning focusing solely on meaning of words, and a learning focusing on the moral spirit implied was put forth.
- このため、素読から始まった詩吟も、精神面に加え、今日ではアクセントや音楽性が重視されるようになっている。
- For this reason, shigin which started from reading without comprehending has now come to emphasize the accent or melody as well as spiritual aspect.
- こうした社会状況を受けて、9世紀前期(藤原冬嗣執政期)から土地課税を重視する傾向が次第に強まっていった。
- In response to these social conditions, since the early part of the ninth century (during the period of administration of FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu), there was a growing tendency to put emphasize on the tax on land.
- 江戸時代には、人日(一月七日)、上巳、端午、七夕、重陽を江戸幕府が式日として定め、五節句として重視した。
- The Edo bakufu designated Jinjitsu (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the seventh of January), Joshi (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the third of March), Tango (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the fifth of May), Tanabata (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the seventh of July) and Choyo (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the ninth of September) as the days of celebration and emphasized them by calling Gosekku.
- 810年代のうちは右大臣藤原園人主導のもと、有力貴族・寺社を抑制し貧民救済を重視する政策がとられていた。
- During 810's, Udaijin (minister of the right), FUJIWARA no Sonohito took the initiative in policies that controlled powerful peerage and temples, shrines, and focused on relief of the poor.
- 事実とすればこの時期倭の側に仏教受け入れの準備ができていたことを示すことから、この年を重視する説もある。
- If this is true, it shows that the Wa side had already prepared to accept Buddhism, so that some theories emphasize this year.
- 鎌倉時代中期になると、実用性を重視した結果、身幅が広く元幅と先幅の差も少なくなり、平肉がよくついてくる。
- In the mid Kamakura period, as a result of emphasizing utility, the width of the blade became wider, which makes a difference in the width of blade at the base and at the top less, and swords have a rounded surface.
- また、朝鮮への海上交通の平安を守護する玄界灘の神として、ヤマト王権によって古くから重視された神々である。
- They are deities who have been highly valued since the ancient times by the Yamato sovereignty (the ancient Japan sovereignty) as the goddesses of Genkai-nada Sea, protecting maritime traffic to Korea.
- しかし、理念上は南朝を重視する傾向にあり、両朝の年号を併記する場合は南朝を先とすることが一般的であった。
- Goryeo tended to regard the Southern Court as important and put the era name of Southern Court first when the both era names were written together.
- 彼は朱子の理気二元論に異を唱え、理と気は一体不可分であるとし、また「知行合一」を称揚して実践を重視した。
- Cheng Chatoo (Hagok) objected to the dualism of ri and ki advocated by Zhu Xi, instead preaching that ri and ki are inseparable and, extolling 'chigyo goitsu', placed a strong emphasis on practice.
- 三関(さんげん、さんかん)とは、古代の日本で畿内周辺に設けられた関所の内、特に重視された三つの関の総称。
- Sangen (or Sankan) is a general term for the three important sekisho (a checkpoint) out of which were established in and around Kinai (five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) in ancient Japan.
- 公営田の導入は、人別課税を基本とした律令制支配から土地課税を重視した支配への転換を示す最初期の例であった。
- The introduction of Kueiden was one example of the early changes in which the Ritsuryo system, the individual-based ruling system, turned into a land-based ruling system.
- 特徴としては、伝統的な型稽古や組手稽古、沖縄古来からの鍛錬法の重視、武器術の併伝などを挙げることができる。
- It is characterized by the practice of traditional kata and kumite, an emphasis on traditional Okinawan exercise methods and the complementary use of the art of weapons (buki-jutsu).
- ことさら精神性を重視されるようになるのもまた江戸時代以降であり、当時は実用品としての意義が大きかったこと。
- It is after the Edo period when its spirituality was emphasized, and significance as a utility article was big in those days.
- 自学を重視し、大幅な生徒自治、男女共学、無試験(レポート制)、無規則、無処罰等、革新的な教育活動を試みた。
- Its educational policy was revolutionary; it encouraged self-education, recognized thorough student autonomy, adopted coeducation system, and had no examinations (instead paper work), no school regulations, and no penalties.
- 非存在説の主張は、律令制構築への動きについて、天智天皇よりも天武天皇の影響力の大きさを重視する傾向が強い。
- People who do not believe in its existence tend to insist that the Emperor Tenmu had more impact on the process of constructing the Ritsuryo system than the Emperor Tenchi.
- そのため、実質を重視する商人にとって名目貨幣は受け入れ難く、含有銀量をもって取引しようとするものであった。
- So for business people, to whom value was important, nominal money was something hard to accept and they wanted to trade on the basis of silver content.
- 文部大臣時代の西園寺は、教養ある「市民」の育成を重視し、「科学や英語や女子教育を重視せよ」と言明していた。
- When he was Minister of Education he emphasized nurturing of educated 'citizens,' and he tried to 'put an emphasis on science, English and the education of girls.'
- 特に、明治維新から戦中までの期間には、国家公認の史観として重視され、大日本帝国憲法第1条にも記載されていた。
- Especially during the times from the Meiji Restoration to wartime, the Japanese government officially emphasized this historical view and stated this in the Article 1 of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 具体的には、天皇主権より統治大権を重視し君主であっても『憲法ノ條規(議会)』に行動が制限される解釈と云える。
- Concretely, it is interpreted that they attach more importance to governing right than to imperial sovereignty and even a monarch's actions are limited by 'the articles of the constitution (diet).'
- 城下町において武家地、町人地とならぶ要素は寺社地であるが、江戸では寺社の配置に風水の思想が重視されたという。
- Among the elements that constitute castletowns, the significance of jisha-chi (lands for temples and shrines) was on par with the bukechi (lands for samurai) and Choninchi (lands for townspeople), but it is said that geomancy also dicated the location of temples and shrines during the Edo period.
- 実際、寮の管理・運営における大学との関係においては、自治精神を重視し、一定の緊張感を保った交渉を行っている。
- In fact, the relationship with the university in the management of dormitory keeps certain tension, and they take the spirit of autonomy seriously while negotiating.
- 奈良時代に護国経典として重視された新訳『金光明最勝王経』を日本にもたらすなど、上代仏教史上重要な人物である。
- He played an important role in Japanese history of Buddhism, for example, by bringing to Japan a new translation of 'Golden Light of the Most Victorious Kings Sutra,' a sutra valued during the Nara Period as a Buddhist scriptures to safeguard the country in the Nara Period.
- したがって、この段階では将軍職は、武家の棟梁の絶対条件ではなく、さほど重視されていなかったことがうかがえる。
- Consequently, at this stage the Shogun post was not an absolute requirement for leadership of the warrior families, and may not have been seen as that important.
- 「鬼平犯科帳」は奉行ものであるが、勧善懲悪よりもドラマ性や風俗描写を重視しており、下記の文芸ものの要素が高い。
- Onihe Hankacho' (Onihei's records of criminal incidents) is a magistrate story, but has elements of a literary drama and rather than the principle of rewarding good and punishing evil, pays greater attention to the storyline and the description of people's lifestyles at the time.
- 江戸時代までは官選の正史として記述された『日本書紀』の方が重要視され、『古事記』はあまり重視されていなかった。
- Until the Edo period, 'Nihon Shoki' was highly valued because it contained the official history edited by the government, but 'The Kojiki' was not.
- 後藤昆山から、理論よりも実践を重視する古方派を学び、延享3年(1746)には唐代の医学書『外台秘要方』を復刻。
- He learned from Konzan GOTO in the school of Kohoha medicine which put more importance on practice than theories, and in 1746, he reprinted a medical book originally written in the Tang dynasty called 'Gedaihiyoho.'
- このため、一ノ谷という攻略地点を重視して桑田忠親國學院大學教授などは戦況や史料の断片的な記録から判断している。
- Because of this, Tadachika KUWATA, a professor at Kokugakuin University and other scholars had taken serious consideration in the Ichinotani incident, and concludes the location from the war's situation and the fragmented written records contained within historical materials.
- 一方で朱熹は、陳亮ら功利学派(事功学派)を、個人の自己修養を無視して社会関係のみを重視していると批判している。
- On the other hand, Hsi CHU criticized Liang CHEN and others of the utilitarianism school sect (事功学派) that the theory ignored individual self-discipline and valued only the social relation.
- 応挙の画風上の特色として第一に挙げるべきことは近世の日本の画家のなかでも際立って「写生」を重視したことである。
- The most prominent feature of Okyo's painting style is his emphasis on sketching especially among early modern Japanese painters.
- 物故者では新古今和歌集の主役、藤原定家(56首)・後鳥羽天皇(49首)・藤原家隆(41首)らが重視されている。
- Among the deceased, FUJIWARA no Teika (56 poems), who was the leading poet in Shin Kokin Wakashu (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Poetry), Emperor Gotoba (49 poems), and FUJIWARA no Ietaka (41 poems) were considered important.
- たとえば、ファッション性を重視する電子機器では、ボタン類をあえてわかりにくいように小さくデザインすることがある。
- For example, electronic devices which put emphasis on fashion are sometimes designed with buttons so small so that people can't find them easily.
- 今谷明は、足利義満が明に「日本国王」に冊封されたことを重視して、以降の義満の御教書を「国王御教書」と呼んでいる。
- In emphasis of the fact that Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA was conferred the title of 'King of Japan' by the Emperor of Ming, Akira IMATANI called Yoshimitsu's Migyosho 'Migyosho of a King.'
- また、北朝が優勢な期間が長く、最終的に北朝に統一されたことを重視して「北南朝時代」の用語を提唱する者も存在する。
- Moreover, there were also some who advocated changing the term to 'Hoku Southern period' to emphasize the fact that the Northern Court's period of predominance had been longer than the Southern Court's, and that in the end the Southern Court was unified into the Northern Court, not the other way around.
- 「身振り」(所作)を重んじるとする現在の多くの神道諸派も、広義には「ことば」を重視するものとされている(言語)。
- Most of current Shinto schools who are said to value a gesture (motion) are also considered to attach importance to 'words' in broad sense (language.)
- 王政復古後、明治は神道を日本固有の信仰として重視し、国学者勢力の意見を入れて神仏分離の方針を打ち出すことになる。
- After the restoration of the Imperial rule, the Meiji government emphasized on Shinto as a Japanese indigenous religious belief and employed opinions from scholars of Japanese classical literature to create a principal of the separation of Buddhism and Shintoism.
- 陽明学に反感を持つ朱子学者や日本では誤解され実践重視論として理解されたが、これは本来の意味からずれた理解である。
- This idea has been mistaken by Shushigaku scholars who oppose Yomei-gaku and by Japanese people for the idea of emphasizing practice, which is different from its original meaning.
- 重盛は成親を、後白河に対する交渉窓口・パイプ役として重視し、後白河法皇に平氏の要望を取り次ぐ役割を期待していた。
- Shigemori valued Narichika as a negotiator and a connection to Goshirakawa and expected him to inform the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa of the requests of the Taira clan.
- 試合前に礼を行うなど、礼を重視しているにもかかわらず、礼節を欠いた議論が多いことは目を背けてはならない事実だろう。
- During the games many arguments lacking sense of propriety arise, even though Kyogi Karuta greatly emphasizes propriety including the bows before the game; this fact should not be ignored.
- 北辰一刀流剣術・神道無念流剣術・心形刀流・鏡心明智流・天然理心流剣術等、新興の試合稽古重視の流派が各地に誕生した。
- Schools which placed emphasis on training matches, such as Hokushin Itto-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinto Munen-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinkageto-ryu School, Kyoshin Meichi-ryu School and Tennen Rishin-ryu Kenjutsu, were established in various places.
- 中華人民共和国、大韓民国、台湾、ベトナムなどでは、新暦の正月よりも旧正月の方が重視され、お年玉もこの日に渡される。
- In countries such as the People's Republic of China, Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam, the old new year is more important than the new year of the new calendar and the new year's gift money is presented on this day.
- 日本国憲法が平和と文化を重視しているということで、この日が1948年公布・施行の祝日法で「文化の日」に定められた。
- In view of the spirit of the Constitution of Japan which places a great deal of importance on peace and culture, this very day was decided as Culture Day under the National Holidays Law (proclaimed and enforced in 1948).
- 密教では金剛界曼荼羅と胎蔵界曼荼羅の2つを最も重視しており、これらを合わせて両界曼荼羅(または両部曼荼羅)という。
- In Esoteric Buddhism, Kongokai Mandala (Diamond Realm Mandala) and Taizokai Mandala are the most valued of all mandalas, and these two make up the Ryokai Mandala (or Ryobu Mandala).
- 経久方針は、権威や情に絡んだ物による国人衆の統制であり、集団利権に絡んだ個々の独立性を重視したものだったのである。
- The management policy of Tsunehisa featured how to control Kokujin-shu through power and emotions, and also put an importance on independence of each family entangled with vested interests of a bigger group.
- ドイツは、山東省を国家権益の観点のみならず、孔子の生地である曲阜がありキリスト教布教の観点からも特に重視していた。
- Germany regarded the Shandong Province with great interest not only due to the presence of Qufu City, which was the birthplace of Confucius, but from the perspective of the Christian missionary work.
- 国家・天皇に対する犯罪のみならず、神社や尊属に対する犯罪も八虐に数えられており、身分による社会秩序を重視している。
- Not only crimes against nation or emperor, but also those against shrines or ancestors were included in the Hachigyaku, which indicates the fact that the social order based on status was valued.
- 相手を殺傷せずに捕らえたり、身を護ること(護身術)を重視する流儀の多いことは、他国の武術と比較して大きな特徴である。
- Compared with other countries' martial arts, it is quite characteristic of jujutsu to have many ryugi (schools) which emphasize both capturing the opponent without killing (or injuring) him or her and defense (the art of self-defense).
- その初期、古代的な天皇親政を理想とする後醍醐天皇と現状重視の尊氏を中心とした勢力が対立した(南北朝時代 (日本))。
- In its early years, the period was characterized in particular by the conflict between Emperor Godaigo, who dreamed of reinstituting the ancient custom of direct Imperial rule, and Takauji, who placed more emphasis on preserving the status quo (this being the essence of the Northern and Southern Courts).
- 釈迦金輪はその輪宝で九曜等の天体神を折伏するとされ、宿曜道では凶星のもたらす災いを避ける修法の本尊として重視される。
- Shaka Kinrin is believed to have the ability to subdue star gods such as Kuyo (nine-planet crest) using its golden wheel, and it's worshiped in Indian astrology as a deity that has the magical power to avoid misfortunes caused by ominous stars.
- 浄土宗では信心の表われとして念仏を唱える努力を重視し、念仏を唱えれば唱えるほど極楽浄土への往生も可能になると説いた。
- The Jodo sect emphasized the effort to recite nenbutsu as an indication of faith and taught that reciting more nenbutsu made Ojo (birth in the Pure Land) more possible.
- また2代目プリウスは空気抵抗軽減重視ボディのため、クラウンコンフォートやクルーに比べ後席の頭上に空間の余裕が少ない。
- In addition, because of its body design to reduce air resistance, the second-generation Prius has less space above the head in the backseats compared to Crown Comfort and Nissan CREW
- 商売を重視しなかった羯南の方針もあって部数は振るわず、存続したのは明治40年(1908年)までのわずか18年であった。
- Because of Katsunan's policy that placed little value on business, the Nippon had a small circulation and lasted only for eighteen years until 1908.
- しかし世阿弥の実体験に基づく貴重な直話を多く収録しており、世阿弥自身の著述と同様か、あるいはそれ以上に重視されている。
- Since it is a collection of valuable direct discourse based on Zeami's real experience, however, it is regarded as valuable as the book by Zeami himself or more.
- 日本食、和食とも言われ、生食、素材の味を重視する薄口の味付け、そして繊細な盛り付けの三点がおおまかな特徴とされている。
- Being also called nihon-shoku (Japanese dishes) or wa-shoku (Japanese dishes), their features are roughly three; eating food without cooking, placing importance on the basic taste of food itself with little flavor added, and the delicate artful arrangement of food on dishes.
- また、作者不詳の『続浦島伝』のように史実よりも創作性を重視した作品も現われるようになり、後の物語文学にも影響を与えた。
- Also, more creativity-conscious books than historical facts, such as 'Zoku Urashima Den' (Sequel of the folklore, Taro Urashima [Rip van Winkle]) of unknown authorship, appeared, which influenced the subsequent narrative literature.
- 禅風は厳格で、容赦ない厳しさをもって人に接し、深く自己の悟境を掘り下げていくことを重視し、唐代の禅風の復活を志向した。
- Zen Style emphasized to attainment of one's own enlightenment through strict, severe and relentless ascetic practice and it intended to revive the Zen Style prevailed in the period of the Tang Dynasty.
- 沖縄空手の特徴としては、古流空手同様、伝統的な型稽古や鍛錬法の重視、また武器術や取手術の併伝などを挙げることができる。
- Like koryu karate, Okinawa karate is characterized by practice of traditional kata, emphasis on traditional exercise methods, and the complementary use of buki-jutsu (art of weapons) and toitee-jutsu (grappling).
- また梅若は、現代の能においてはこれらの型が必要以上に重視され、一種の信仰の対象のようになっていることの弊害も指摘した。
- Moreover, UMEWAKA pointed out that, in modern Noh, these forms are unnecessarily valued too much to the harmful extent that it has become like the object of a kind of belief.
- これらの事から、刀が重視された理由について、手柄を得るための首切りに便利だったからとする説にはやや無理があるといえる。
- From the above, it is rather difficult to accept the theory that swords were convenient to cut off the head f as a reason that swords were valued.
- 日本政府は台湾に比して朝鮮を重視して、台湾総督と異なり、韓国統監・朝鮮総督には相当地位の高い政治家・軍人が任用された。
- The Japanese government focused on Korea, compared to Taiwan, and quite high ranking politicians and military men were appointed to Kankoku Tokan and Chosen Sotoku, different from Taiwan Sotoku.
- 駅弁は、20世紀末期から地方色が強いもの、特定の食材を重視したものなどへの傾斜を深めたが、幕の内も依然根強い人気がある。
- In the late 20th century, ekiben tended to feature local specialties as well as specific ingredients but Makunouchi-bento remain popular.
- 土地課税を重視する考えは9世紀前期の藤原冬嗣執政期の頃から存在していたが、個別人身支配の原則を覆すまでには至らなかった。
- Although the idea of emphasizing tax on land existed in the era when FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu was in power during the first half of the 9th century, it stopped short of reversing the principle of people-based governance.
- 近代建築家による庭園論では作庭記に代表される視覚的な庭園評価とは異なり、機能性や空間性を重視した視点が打ち出されている。
- Theories about gardening amongst modern architects differ in view points from that of Sakutei-ki, namely not in the visual evaluation of a garden, but functionality and spatial evaluation was thought to be more important.
- 貫達人(「再び一条能保室は源頼朝の妹か」『鎌倉』84、1997年)は『吾妻鏡』に書かれた享年を重視し、それに従うとする。
- Tatsuto NUKI wrote (in 'Was the wife of Yoshiyasu ICHIJO Yoritomo's sister younger than he? This theory is considered again,' 'Kamakura' 84, published in 1997) that he placed importance on the death year written in 'Azumakagami' and followed it.
- 室町時代、吉田兼倶が創始した吉田神道でも『先代旧事本紀』を重視し、記紀および『先代旧事本紀』を「三部の本書」としている。
- Yoshida Shinto, which was established by Kanetomo YOSHIDA during the Muramachi period, also valued the 'Sendai Kujihongi' and considered the 'Kiki' (the Kojiki and Nihonshoki), the 'Sendai Kujihongi' and this document as the 'Sanbu no Honsho' (three books of origin).
- それに対し、従来の「百済重視」の外交路線をとる中臣鎌足や中大兄皇子ら保守派が「開明派」の蘇我氏を倒したと言うものである。
- On the other hand, the conservatives like NAKATOMI no Kamako and Prince Naka no Oe were in favor of their original 'Baekje focused' policy, and therefore destroyed the Soga clan who were 'liberals.'
- 北方開拓を重視する政府の姿勢の表れだが、初めの数年は力不足で、内実が伴いはじめるのは明治4年(1871年)からであった。
- It reflected the government's focus on the development of the northern island, but the reclamation of Ezo did not work for the first few years due to the inadequate system and it was not until 1871 that the government effort finally paid off.
- 『日本紀』とする説は、『続日本紀』の上記養老四年五月癸酉条記事に、「書」の文字がなく日本紀と書かれていることを重視する。
- The theory of 'Nihongi' emphases that there is no character of 'sho' (書) in the above description on Mizunoto-Tori (kiyu), June 720 in 'Shoku Nihongi' but characters for Nihongi.
- しばしば上方歌舞伎は型よりも持味、心情、雰囲気を重視するといわれるが、なかでもつっころばしはその典型的な例であるといえる。
- It is often said that Kamigata Kabuki places more stress on originality, feelings, and atmosphere than formality; the role of Tsukkorobashi is an extremely typical example.
- これは百姓=農民=田舎者=ダサい奴という図式での、格好を重視する不良やヤクザの間でのあまり深い意味のない単なる悪口である。
- This is mere vilification without any serious meaning among juvenile delinquents and mafia who valued appearance, in the picture that hyakusho = peasants = country fellows = unfashionable people.
- 縁により、観世音菩薩、阿弥陀如来、地蔵菩薩等)ただし、禅宗寺院では仏像と同様、時にはそれ以上に祖師像を重視する傾向がある。
- Depending upon past connections, may also be Kanzeon Bosatsu, Amidanyorai, Jizo Bosatsu, etc.). However, the Zen sect temples tend to revere Soshi (founder) images as much as, or sometimes even more than Buddha images.
- 日本と異なり、韓国では天然ワカメと養殖ワカメに歴然としたブランド格差があり、天然ワカメは非常に貴重視され高値で取引される。
- Unlike in Japan, there is an unbridgeable brand gap between natural seaweed and cultured seaweed, and natural seaweed is regarded as very precious and traded at a high price.
- 財政官庁として他に大蔵省律令制における大蔵省があったが租税や租税関係の戸籍はこちらが取り扱ったため大蔵省よりも重視された。
- Although Okura-sho (Ministry of Finance) under the Okura-sho ritsuryo sei (the political system based on the codes of the Ministry of Finance) also worked as an organization engaged in finance, Minbu-sho was considered a more important ministry than Okura-sho because the former handled land taxes and family registers related to the land taxes.
- 海軍では出身地閥より閨閥が重視される傾向が生まれ、海外留学経験・海軍兵学校での席次ともに夫人の血縁が出世の要件と言われた。
- The Navy became inclined to value Keibatsu Blood Connection more than the hometown clique and it was said that the blood relationship of one's wife was the factor of career progress along with experience of studying abroad and the class standing at Naval Academy
- 宋代の学者に従って儒学の歴史を振り返ると、隋唐以前は経書の音訓(音読)や訓詁(単語の意味)を重視した訓詁学が中心であった。
- Looking back at the history of Confucianism, as scholars during the Song Dynasty did, the mainstream before the Sui and Tang Dynasties was Kunkogaku ('xunguxue' in Chinese), which emphasized the readings of characters and exegetics (interpretation of words) of Confucian classic writings.
- 海から著しく隔たった山村等の一部で、鯨肉の塩蔵品等が貴重視され、行事のときの料理に使う習慣が受け継がれてきた地域が存在する。
- In some mountain villages extremely far from sea, the whale meat preserved in salt was highly valued and the custom of using the meat for dishes on event occasions has been handed down.
- それに対し、民俗文化財は前述の文化財保護法にあるように次のように規定されており、歴史資料ないし史料としての側面が重視される。
- On the other hand, the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties mentioned earlier states folk-cultural properties as follows, emphasizing the historical material aspect.
- 逆に機械化が進んでいない、手造り重視の年間数百石程度の酒蔵では、杜氏に頼る割合が大きくなるため、常勤の杜氏が多い傾向がある。
- Unlike this case, breweries which emphasize manually-brewed sake with hundreds koku of rice per year tend to have more toji because their work more relies on toji.
- 平安時代終わりの平氏全盛期には素材は錦となり、重量の重さから過度の重ね着ができなくなり、襲を重視しなくなっていったとされる。
- During the heyday of the Taira clan at the end of the Heian period, the use of brocade meant that uchiki were too heavy to wear in many layers and as a result, layers became less important.
- 武術修行において精神修養などの人間形成も重視する理念は、新陰流と将軍家などに見られるように江戸時代初期には既に生まれていた。
- The philosophy to place emphasis on human development such as the moral improvement in the ascetic practices of bujutsu had already been formed during the early Edo period as it is seen in Shinkage-ryu and the Shogun family.
- そのために、徳川幕府は、能力よりも忠誠心や家柄、譜代家臣を重視する旧来の封建体制を復活させ、体制維持に努めたとの意見もある。
- Some believe that, in order to avoid making the same mistake, the Tokugawa shogunate restored the old feudal system under which loyalty, family lineage and fudai daimyo (hereditary vassals) were more important than the ability to maintain the regime.
- 関ヶ原の戦いの後、忠興は徳川家との関係を重視し、警戒を解くために嫡男・細川忠隆とその妻・千世(前田利家の娘)の離縁を命じた。
- After the battle of Sekigahara, Tadaoki considered the importance of the relationship with the Tokugawa family, therefore he ordered a divorce of his legitimate son Tadataka HOSOKAWA and Tadataka's wife Chiyo (a daughter of Toshiie MAEDA) to end the Tokugawa family's vigilance.
- そもそも、唐風の文化を踏まえながらも日本の風土や生活感情である「国風(くにぶり)」を重視する傾向は奈良時代から進行していた。
- Already in Nara period, there were many considerations on Kuniburi, the Japan's own morals and feelings although respecting Chinese cultures.
- そのため、大政奉還により、天皇に政権が返上されると、新政府の神道重視の政策の結果、全国で廃仏毀釈が行われ、寺院数が減少した。
- For this reason, the restoration of imperial rule and the transfer of political power back to the Emperor saw the new government introduce policies promoting Shinto, which together with the nationwide anti-Buddhist haibutsu-kishaku movement, led to a decrease in the number of temples.
- 江戸初期のものは簡素なものが多いが、時代と共に実用性と共に装飾性も重視されるようになり、江戸時代中期に入って爆発的に流行した。
- Although netsuke in the early Edo period was usually simple, not only its practical utility but also its ornamentation became more highly valued over time, and it became explosively popular in the mid-Edo period.
- 月岡芳年は繊細で写生を重視した絵柄で無惨絵ばかりでなく数多くの歴史画、風俗画をてがけ、「最後の浮世絵師」と呼ばれるようになる。
- Yoshitoshi TSUKIOKA, with his delicate, sketching-oriented patterns, drew not only Muzan-e but also many Rekishiga (historical paintings) and Fuzokuga, and came to be called 'The last Ukiyoe artist.'
- 元々は米飯の残り飯の保存や携行食として発達したおにぎりであるが、最近は食べやすさを加味し、保存性・携行性を重視しなくなっている。
- Onigiri is originally developed to preserve remains of cooked rice and as a portable food, but nowadays being easy-to-eat is added, and preserving property and portability are not highly regarded.
- 当初は通常の新嘗祭と区別されなかったものの、後に即位後初めて一世一度行われる祭として、「毎世の大嘗」「大嘗祭」として重視された。
- At the beginning, it wasn't separated from the regular Niiname-sai Festival, but later as a ritual, solemnized only once in an emperor's lifetime, it became important being called 'Daijo once in a lifetime' and 'Onie no matsuri Festival.'
- ただし、安信は質画の良さまで否定したわけではなく、さらに「心性の眼を筆の先に徹する」心画とも言うべき姿勢をもっとも重視している。
- But Yasunobu never denied good points of shitsuga, and set much store on its attitude, which should be called shinga (painting of mind) that 'concentrated the mind's eye on the tip of a brush.'.
- 人類の良識にとっては不幸なことに、自分たちが誤りうるという事実は、その実践上の判断では、重視されているというにはほど遠いのです。
- Unfortunately for the good sense of mankind, the fact of their fallibility is far from carrying the weight in their practical judgment,
- また、『弘仁格式』は、天智天皇系の皇統を重視した記述となっているため、天智天皇の業績をより大きく評価したものであると理解できる。
- 'Konin Kyakushiki' wrote mainly about the imperial line derived from the Emperor Tenchi, so it is understood that the contents were to greatly exaggerate the Emperor's achievements.
- また、教育を重視する観点から養老令の規定には無い大学寮の諸博士に特に博士職田と称される職分田が支給されていたことが知られている。
- It is known that in view of the importance placed on education, shikibunden called Hakase-shikiden were provided to various professors in Daigakuryo (Bureau of Education), which was not the case under the Yoro code.
- また、後に安倍氏の主流となる安倍泰親のように、中国由来の天文学よりも陰陽道の考え方を重視して天文道の解釈を行っていくようになった。
- Additionally, like ABE no Yasuchika who later became the mainstream of the Abe clan, they came to interpret tenmondo with more importance given to onmyodo than to the astronomy which came from China.
- まだ密教は体系化されていなかったが、その呪術的な修行や奇蹟を重視し世俗的な富の蓄積や繁栄を肯定する性格が神祇信仰とも折衷しやすい。
- Although Esoteric Buddhism had not been systematized yet, it might be easy to blend with the Jingi belief because of its magical practice and teachings, focusing on miracles, and affirming accumulation and the prosperity of secular wealth.
- 吉野川(和歌山県では紀の川)流域に位置し、大和国と紀伊国を結ぶ交通の要衝として、また吉野山地への入口として古来より重視されてきた。
- Gojo City is located in the area along the Yoshino-gawa River (called the Kino-kawa River in Wakayama Prefecture), and has been thought important as a strategic traffic point connecting Yamato Province with Kii Province, or as an entrance into Yoshino Mountains since ancient times.
- 結局のところ、見た目の美しさやスピードを重視した採点基準になってしまい、本来の姿から乖離してしまう(中国武術伝統拳と制定拳参照)。
- As a result, the criteria for point ratings tend to emphasize the showy beauty or speed but deviate from the essence of budo (see the Chinese bujutsu 'dento ken' (traditional Tai Chi) and 'seitei ken' (the new type of Tai Chi)).
- こうした政教一致ともいうべき国家体制のなかで重視されたのが、国を護る経典である「金光明最勝王経」(10巻、唐僧の義浄訳)であった。
- In these national policy of seikyoitchi (unity of religion and politics), the 'Konkomyo Saisho-o kyo' (translated into 10 volumes by Gijo, also known as I Ching or Yi Jing, a Tang Dynasty Buddhist monk), a set of Buddhist scriptures to guard the nation, was valued.
- そのような意味から、日本の森林生態学では鎮守の森は重視され、神社林、あるいは社寺林(しゃじりん)と呼ばれ、よく調査の対象とされる。
- In that sense, Chinju no Mori are important for Japanese silviculture, where they are known as Jinjarin (shrine forest) or Shajirin (temple forest) and are often surveyed.
- 日本書紀では最初、古事記でも神代七代の一番目に現れた神とされることから、始源神・根源神・元神として神道理論家の間で重視されてきた。
- Since it was described as the first god to appear in Nihonshoki, as well as the first of the Kaminoyonanayo in Kojiki, it was valued among Shinto theorists as the source god, root god, and original god.
- 朱子学が最も重視したのは、古い歴史をもち、勝手な解釈の入る余地の少ない経書そのものではなく、「四書」と呼ばれる四つの書物であった。
- Shushigaku put the most emphasis on studying four particular books of the Classics, known as the Four Books, also known in Japanese as 'Shisho', instead of the Classics as a whole, which had a long history and did not allow for much new interpretation.
- 日本刀は、「武士の魂」、神器としての精神的、宗教的価値や美術的価値が重視される一方で、戦場ではそれほど活躍しなかったとする説がある。
- Japanese swords were 'the very soul of the samurai' and its mental and religious value as sacred treasures and artistic value were emphasized, but on the other hand, it is said that they didn't achieve much on the battlefields.
- 日本もこれを「蕃国」高句麗の再来としてその朝貢を歓迎し、また新羅との対抗関係から、渤海との通交をきわめて重視し、遣渤海使を派遣した。
- Japan welcomed this tribute as the second coming of the 'barbarian country' Goguryeo and, highly valuing friendly relations with Balhae in relation to their struggle with Silla, they dispatched envoys.
- それまでの経験で、貴人と会見する時はどこでも外見が重視されることを知っていたザビエルは一行を美服で装い、珍しい文物を義隆に献上した。
- Xavier, who knew from prior experience that the external appearance was valued everywhere when meeting nobles, made his party wear beautiful garments and presented Ouchi with unusual products of culture.
- また輸送力を重視し線路は一区間(広島県内の瀬野八の22.5パーミル)除き、勾配は10パーミリ以下曲線は半径300m以上で建設された。
- It also placed an emphasis on transportation capacity by constructing its line with a track gradient of less than 10 per millimeter except one segment (at Senohachi in Hiroshima Prefecture at 22.5 per millimeter), a curve radius of more than 300 meters.
- 派内の交遊が壮んであることは、「五倫」(父子・君臣・夫婦・長幼・朋友)の中でも特に「朋友」という人間関係を重視する姿勢を生み出した。
- The close companionship within the faction led it to emphasize the 'associate' relationship of the 'Five Relationships' (father-child, superior-subordinate, husband-wife, young-old, and associates).
- 日本軍が白兵戦を重視し始めたのは、第一次世界大戦の研究を通じて採用された浸透戦術によって、白兵戦闘が多発すると予見されてからである。
- The Japanese Army started placing importance on hand-to-hand fights when it was predicted that hand-to-hand fights would occur frequently when the infiltration strategy, employed through a study on the First World War, was to be used.
- 『日本書紀』とする説は、古写本と奈良時代・平安時代初期のように成立時期に近い時代の史料がみな『日本書紀』と記していることを重視する。
- The theory of 'Nihonshoki' emphases that the term of 'Nihonshoki' was used in old manuscripts and all historical sources around this time of establishment, that is, the Nara period and the beginning of the Heian period.
- それは律令制崩壊以後の日本においては「御恩と奉公」という主従関係に基づいた、繋がりを重視する部隊編成を行わざるをえなかったためである。
- This is because after the destruction of the Ritsuryo system in Japan, troops had to be organized in a way that stressed relation based on lord-and-vassal bonds such as 'favor and service.'
- 十二天(じゅうにてん)は、仏教の護法善神である「天」の諸尊12種を組み合わせたものであり、密教においては四天王とともに重視されている。
- Juniten is a mixture of the twelve deities of 'Ten,' which are Goho Zenshin (good deities protecting dharma) in Buddhism and is given high value in Esoteric Buddhism, as well as Shitenno (Four Guardian Kings).
- その際に『九条年中行事』に基づいて宮廷儀式を遂行して、しきたりを重視する宮廷社会において他家に対して優位な立場に立つ事を図ったと言う。
- It is said that they performed the court ceremony based on 'Kujo nenchugyoji' and tried to put themselves in a superior position over other clans in the Imperial society which weighed heavily on its convention.
- 実作上では「万葉集」尊重、風情重視の立場をとり、藤原定家(俊成の子)らと対立したが、むしろ六条藤原家歌学の大成者としての功績が大きい。
- He treated 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) with respect, considering refined elegance important, and therefore he was in conflict with FUJIWARA no Teika (the son of Toshinari), but he accomplished great achievements in the study of poetry of the Rokujo-Fujiwara family.
- 梅若猶彦もこのような死者による語りの構造を重視し、能はこのような構造を持つことで、能独自の美の世界の構築を可能としていると指摘している。
- Naohiko UMEWAKA also pointed out that, Noh's structure of treasuring dialogue by the dead has made possible the construction of a Noh world of original beauty.
- 日本では古代に既に制度化されており、東海道の鈴鹿関、東山道の不破関、北陸道の愛発関が畿内を防御するために特に重視され、これを三関という。
- Even from its most ancient times Japan already possessed the system of barrier checkpoints; among the barriers of ancient Japan, three, namely the Suzuka-no-seki barrier along the Tokaido Road, the Fuwa-no-seki barrier on the Tosando Road, and the Arachi-no-seki barrier along the Hokurikudo Road, were considered especially significant given their intended roles of guarding the entrances to the Kinai region (the central region around the capital), and were thus termed the sangen (the three major barrier stations).
- 保存性を重視し細菌類の繁殖を抑えるため、長い日数をかけて干し、かなりの水分を抜いていたが、風味が抜け身が硬くなり食感が悪くなる欠点がある。
- With this long-standing method, the importance is placed upon extending the shelf-life of the product and to control the growth of bacteria seafood is dried for days to remove a substantial amount of water resulting in the disadvantage of the finished product having less flavor, is tough, and has an unattractive texture.
- このような品質上の特性を重視することから、その製造工程においては茶葉の短時間の蒸熱とそれに続く低温乾燥というきめ細かな注意が払われている。
- Thus the characteristics of quality are emphasized, so that close attention is paid to a brief steaming with subsequent drying at low temperature in the manufacturing process.
- また、「本仏としての釈迦」を重視する日蓮宗・法華宗では、多宝塔(宝塔)を中心に釈迦牟尼仏と多宝如来を左右に一塔両尊の形式で世尊を安置する。
- Nichiren sect and Hokke sect place importance on 'Shaka as Honbutsu' and install a Taho Pagoda (pagoda) in the center with Shakamuni-butsu and Taho-nyorai on either side.
- 世間の評判を重視しており、常に正しい戦いであると主張することに腐心していたことが、京都の公家などが記した日記などから窺い知ることができる。
- It is known that he put a high value on reputation and made effort to insist on the justice of his fighting as can be seen from the diaries written by kuge (court noble) in Kyoto and so on.
- が、当時は母親の身分も重視する時代であったため、采女出生の子供は中央豪族や皇族出生の子供に比べて低い立場に置かれることがほとんどであった。
- As the status of mother was also considered important in those days, the children born from Uneme were mostly placed lower than the children of the powerful clans in the capital or the Imperial family.
- 宋明理学において四書は非常に重視された経書であるが、宋以後著しく経書中の地位が上昇し、且つ朱子と王陽明で解釈が分かれるのが『大学』である。
- Somin rigaku placed a large emphasis on the Four Books as part of the Classics, among which the status of 'The Great Learning' rose after the Song period, although it was interpreted differently by Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming.
- 一方、義経は、先の頼朝の命令を重視せず、壇ノ浦で捕らえた平宗盛・平清宗父子を護送して、5月7日_(旧暦)京を立ち、鎌倉に凱旋しようとした。
- On the other hand, Yoshitsune did not take the Yoritomo's order very seriously, and planned to triumphantly return to Kamakura, and started on May 7 (old lunar calendar) from Kyoto, escorting the father and son, TAIRA no Munemori and TAIRA no Kiyomune, who were caught at Dannoura.
- 俳諧連歌もまた江戸後期に至り月並流といわれる形式を重視したものに変化し、明治になり正岡子規の俳諧から俳句への革新によっていったんは廃れた。
- Haikairenga was also changed into the Tsukinami School, which took the form seriously, but during the Meiji period it became outdated in the reform of poetry by Shiki MASAOKA from haikai to haiku.
- さらに料理技術の発達と共に、「もてなし」が「手間をかける」ことに繋がり、現在の茶道や料亭文化にみられる様式を重視した「懐石」料理が完成した。
- With the development of cooking techniques, 'hospitality' came to mean 'devoting a great deal of time and effort', and 'kaiseki' ryori came to value highly those forms currently seen at sado or fancy Japanese-style restaurants.
- その根拠は、例えば茶入が重視されていた利休時代に「掛物ほど第一の道具はなし」と記すような、当時のものとは考えられない記述が目立つ点であった。
- The theory was based on the fact that this book has descriptions which are hard to believe to be the ones of those days; for example, although Rikyu's days put a premium on chaire (tea container), the book says, 'Nothing is more important than Kakemono (a hanging scroll; a work of calligraphy or a painting which is mounted and hung in an alcove or on a wall).'
- 教科には中国史や漢文学を学ぶ紀伝道が成立し、法律を学ぶ明法道・儒学を学ぶ明経道・数学を学ぶ算道と共に教えられた(特に重視されたのは紀伝道)。
- The subjects were Kidendo, which was the study of Chinese history and literature, Myobodo, the study of law, Myogyodo, the study of Confucianism, Sando, the study of mathematics (Kidendo was the most important).
- 胡渭は『易図明弁』を著し朱子学が重視した「太極図」や「先天図」「河図洛書」といった易学上の図が本来、儒教とは関連性がなかったことを証明した。
- Ko I wrote the 'Clarification of Figures used in Eki-kyo' and proved that the figures of art of divination such as 'the figure of Taiji,' 'Senten-zu' (the innate figure), and 'Katoraku-sho' (pictures of legend good omens, which were thought to be related to Eki-kyo), which were valued in Neo-Confucianism, were originally not related to Ju-kyo.
- 我々は、選挙と民主主義の原則を尊重し、そして政府の改造を重視するために、投票箱を採用することによって民主的合法性を獲得する決心をしたのです。
- We were determined to achieve popular legality by going to the election boxes in order to consecrate the principles of elections, democracy and the alteration of authority.
- 広重の作品研究に利用されているほか、甲府での芝居見物や接待された料理屋の記録など、近世甲府城下町の実態を知る記録資料としても重視されている。
- It is used for the study of Hiroshige's works and also regarded as an important record of the actual situation of Kofu Castle Town in the Edo period, for its descriptions about a play viewing in Kofu, a restaurant where he was entertained, and so on.
- 秀吉の祖父が萩中納言と呼ばれる貴人であり、大政所は宮中に出仕していたなど信憑性を疑われる記述が多いため、後世の歴史家からは重視されていない。
- This volume contains lots of suspicious descriptions such as a grandfather of Hideyoshi was the nobility called Hagi Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) and Hideyoshi's mother worked at the Imperial Court; for this reason, historians of later generations put less importance on this volume.
- 武智鉄二による『武智歌舞伎』が始まり、関西歌舞伎の若手役者を対象に、原作重視の演出中心のやり方で、沈滞化していた関西歌舞伎に新風を送り込んだ。
- 'Takechi Kabuki' was started by Tetsuji TAKECHI, who ushered in a new phase in Kansai Kabuki, which had stagnated, through his method of working with young Kansai Kabuki actors and concentrating on staging that emphasized the original work.
- 激昂に駆られた感情的な側面があるのは確かであるが、それのみを重視して「宣戦布告」=狂気の選択といったような不可知論的説明は歴史学では採らない。
- It was certainly partly driven by emotions such as rage, but historical study will not accept unintelligent arguments such as simply the ''proclamation of war' was equal to lunacy'.
- その中でも伝統主義を重視しつつ和歌の実作と理論を有機的に結びつけた御子左家が他の家を圧倒した結果、「歌道師範家」として家職を確立させていった。
- Among others, the Mikohidari family, who organically linked practical composition and theories of waka while valuing traditionalism, overpowered other families, and as a result, the family eventually established Kashoku (one's trade or profession) as 'kadoshihanke' (lecturer on the art of waka poetry).
- ストーリー性を重視した新作を振り付けて、わかりやすい上方舞をめざし、一地方の花柳界の芸事だった吉村流の舞を全国的な伝統舞踊の域にまで昇華させた。
- He choreographed the new work emphasizing the story and tried to make a comprehensible Kamigata mai and sublimated Yoshimura school which was just an accomplishment in a local karyukai (world of the geisha) to the level of nationwide traditional dance.
- 平安時代に入り、桓武天皇の792年に健児の制が成立して軍団、兵士が廃止され、国土防衛のため兵士の質よりも数を重視した朝廷は防人廃止を先送りした。
- During the Heian period, in 792 during the reign of Emperor Kanmu, the Kondei-no-sei (national militant organization) was established which abolished legions and troops, and the Imperial Court, which placed importance on the quantity rather than the quality of soldiers for national defense, postponed the abolition of sakimori.
- 現代日本における処女性重視は近代以前の武家社会における志向(家督の正統継承)と、明治維新以後、キリスト教由来の貞操観念が普及したことに起因する。
- The great stress on virginity held by modern Japanese society comes from the ideology of the samurai society, where the highest importance was attached to inheriting the family's estate properly, as well as the chastity valued by Christianity, which had spread since the Meiji period.
- だが、真淵の門人であった村田春海らのように契沖以来の実証主義的な古典研究を重視する立場から平田国学に否定的な学派もあり、その内情は複雑であった。
- However, some--including Harumi MURATA, a disciple of Mabuchi--belonged to schools of thought that criticized Atsutane's Kokugaku from the standpoint of, since the time of Keichu, espousing positivism and placing great value on the study of classic works, arguing that internally it was more complex than that.
- 武蔵国はその後、海路の不安定さや蝦夷討伐の際の輸送の効率性を重視する観点から、771年(宝亀2年)旧10月27日に東海道に移された(続日本紀)。
- Later, on October 27, 771 (on the old Japanese calendar), Musashi-no-kuni was transferred to Tokaido in consideration of an insecure water route and the importance of efficient transportation in sending an expedition to Ezo (according to Shoku-Nihongi).
- 戦乱の世が治まってからは、主君の無聊を慰める役割も重視され、豊臣秀吉の頃には、勃興した新勢力である町人らも召し出され新たな文化の担い手となった。
- After the turbulent age died down, the role of comforting lord's boredom also became to be emphasized, and townspeople who rose suddenly and became innovative power were also called to the lord's presence as otogishu and became new culture bearers at the time of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- 院政期になり北面武士・追捕使・押領使・各地の地方武士団が成立すると、質を重視する院は次第に防人軍団の規模を縮小し、大宰府消滅とともに消えていった。
- When Hokumen no Bushi (Northern Guard), Tsuibushi (Pursuit and Apprehension Agents), Oryoshi (Suppression and Control Agent) and regional samurai groups formed during Japan's period of cloistered imperial rule, the cloistered emperors who emphasized the quality of troops gradually reduced the sizes of sakimori legions, and the system eventually vanished along with the Dazaifu.
- そして西の麻生津口と北の学文路口を特に重視して、麻生津口に南蓮上院弁仙(遊佐信教の子)、学文路口に花王院快応(畠山昭高の子)を大将として配置した。
- It especially emphasized on the west Ouzu guchi and the north Kamuro guchi and allocated Bensen of Nanrenjo-in Temple (a son of Nobunori YUSA) at Ouzu guchi and Kaio of Kao-in Temple (a son of Akitaka HATAKEYAMA) at Kamuro guchi as a commander.
- しかし、徳川家康が江戸幕府を開いた江戸時代以降、長幼の序を重んじる徳川将軍家により、嫡流の地位は徳川氏の政権下にあって再び重視されるようになった。
- Since the Edo period when Ieyasu TOKUGAWA established the Edo bakufu, however, the position of chakuryu was emphasized again because the Tokugawa Shogun family highly valued choyo no jo (Confucian teaching regarding the relationship between senior and junior).
- 最上重の屋根は平側面(南北面)に入母屋屋根の妻側を向け2重目の北面に向唐破風を一つ付けた外観は建物を大きく見せるためと見た目を重視したためである。
- The roof of the top floor has gables of irimoya-roof facing the flat sides (the north and south sides) with a Kara-style gable built over the second floor on the north side to make the building appear larger, indicating that special attention is given to its exterior.
- 武家社会においては、弓射の実利的側面が重視されたのは当然であるが、同時に儀礼的側面も重んじられ、公家の弓射儀礼を基礎としつつ様々な礼式が発達した。
- It is natural in the Samurai world that the practical aspect of Yumiire was emphasized, but high value was placed upon the ceremonial aspect and various codes of etiquette developed based upon Yumiire ceremonies of court nobles.
- また、この仕官の際の面接においても、家柄や血筋ではなく、「いかに過去、武功を挙げたか」という部分を重視し、その話を聞くのが大好きであったとされる。
- In the interview with the applicant, he emphasized 'how the military achievement was made in the past' and he was willing to hear the story.
- 小楠は、「公共」性・「公共」圏を実現するために、「講習討論」「朋友講学」といった身分階層を超えた討議を政治運営のもっとも重要な営為として重視した。
- Shonan emphasized the debate such as 'Koshu Toron' and 'Meiho Kogaku', which were beyond status hierarchy, as the most important agency for the management of politics to represent 'public' nature and 'public' area.
- また、受戒してからの年数――つまり法臘(戒臘とも)は年功序列制の素となり、寺院内で身を立て、出世していくための「武器」として重視されるようになる。
- In addition, the number of years after pledging oneself to observe the Buddhist commandments, which was called horo or kairo, resulted in producing the seniority system, and this was regarded as a powerful 'weapon' to move up the ladder, pursuing a career in the temple.
- 浄瑠璃とは、簡単にいえば、物語性を重視した声楽で、複数の登場人物の詞(ことば)、背景説明、情景描写、心理描写などをすべて表現する「語りもの」である。
- To put it simply, pure joruri is vocal music that emphasizes stories and can be called a kind of narrative in which, concerning a story, the characters' words, background explanations, depictions of scenes and psychological descriptions are all expressed vocally.
- 東京は、様式美を重視する傾向があるので様々で、上方とおなじ白の他に、赤の下に白を着る(市村羽左衛門 (15代目)、坂東三津五郎 (7代目))やり方。
- Tokyo had a tendency to focus greatly on performance beauty and used various colors, including same white as Kamigata, or white under red (ICHIMURA Uzaemon (fifteenth generation) and Mitsugoro BANDO (seventh generation)).
- このため城壁は高さよりも厚さを重視するようになり、内部の建造物も低く作られるようになったため、政庁や住居を兼ねるためのスペースが無くなってしまった。
- The thickness of castle walls was considered more important than their height, and the height of inner structures was made low, and there was no space for government offices and houses.
- もっとも、幕藩体制の維持を重視していた江戸幕府や諸藩は、越訴そのものは禁じていたものの、下級役人の不正な行政・司法を放置することも許容できなかった。
- Although the Edo bakufu and clans that gave weight to the preservation of the shogunate system banned osso themselves, they could not leave unlawful administration and administration of justice by low-level functionaries as they were.
- 摂関政治期になると、后腹以外の天皇の子女は臣籍降下する例がほとんどとなり、一品叙位の条件も二品の経歴よりも天皇や摂関との関係が重視されるようになった。
- During the Sekkanseiji Period (the period of Sekkan [regents and advisers] govern the country), most of the emperor's children except children by empresses demoted from nobility to subject; the requirements for conferring Ippon came to emphasized more on their relationship with the emperor and regents, and less on a career in Nihon.
- 法華経を所依の経典として重視する諸派は、法華経を、釈迦が晩年に説いたとする釈迦の法(教え)の極意{正法(妙法)}と位置づける智顗の教説を継承している。
- Some sects that place high value on the Hokke-kyo sutra as the essential sutra adopt Chigi's teaching that the Hokke-kyo is the secret of Shaka's dharma, 正法(妙法), which was said to be preached by Shaka in his later years.
- 神職を育成する数少ない大学、皇學館大学の創始者としても知られるほか、親王が書き残した日記は『朝彦親王日記』と呼ばれ、幕末維新史料として重視されている。
- He is also known as the founder of Kogakkan University, one of a few educational institutes that train Shinto priests, and his 'Diaries of Imperial Prince Asahiko' are valuable historical materials on the closing days of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the Meiji Restoration.
- 外国との条約を遵守して、貿易産業を興して人々を重視させ、外国とは懇親をもって相交わる事を国論(国家の方針)とし、外国人の殺傷などは容認すべきではない。
- It is necessary to observe treaties with foreign countries, to create a trading industry in order for people to engage in, and to set up a Kokuron (nation's policy) for exchanging a friendship with foreign countries, while killing or hurting foreign people should not be accepted.
- 『歌よみに与ふる書』における歌論は俳句のそれと同様、写生・写実による現実密着型の生活詠の重視と『万葉集』の称揚・『古今集』の否定に重点が置かれている。
- The karon (an essay on waka poems) written in 'Utayomi ni ataeru sho' (Letters to Tanka Poets) placed an emphasis on the close observation in life of realism by sketches and graphics and included praise for 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) while rejecting 'Kokinshu' (praise of 'Collection of Ancient and Modern Literatures).
- 源氏の武家の棟梁と東国武士との結びつきの強さを描くことを重視しており、保元の乱・平治の乱や源平の戦いといった東国との関連性の低い合戦は省略されている。
- Describing Genji's ties to the leaders of samurai families and Togoku Samurai were emphasized; therefore, events not related directly to Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) such as the Hogen War, the Heiji War, and the Genpei War were omitted.
- この結果として学会内には、運営について憲法を中心とする国家学・ドイツ学の啓蒙普及を重視する一派と、それに反対し「純学理」を重んじる一派が存在していた。
- As a result, in Kokkagakkai, there were a faction that emphasized spread and enlightenment of the science of the nation and German studies centering on the constitution about management and other faction that emphasized 'jungakuri' against it.
- 頓阿(19首)・二条為定(14首)・慶運(13首)に代表される二条派の重視に対し、京極派・冷泉派の入集は皆無に近く、選者とその庇護者の態度が知れよう。
- The Nijo group's poems represented by Tona (19 poems), Tamesada NIJO (14 poems), and Keiun (13 poems) were considered important, while almost no poems of the Kyogoku group and Reizei group were collected, revealing the selectors and patron's intentions.
- 貞観 (日本)13年(871年)に算博士の官位相当が正七位下に引き上げられたのも、算道の隆盛とは正反対の算博士の算道以外の職務が重視された結果であった。
- In 871, in stark contrast to Sando's waning prosperity, the official court rank equivalent to San hakase was raised to Shoshichiinoge (Senior Seventh Rank, Lower Grade), a result of the high regard given to the duties of the San hakase other than Sando.
- 小笠原流が騎射を出発点とし、主に見た目の美しさや品位を重視するものであったのに対して、日置流は的中や矢の貫通力に重点を置いた実利的な歩兵用弓術であった。
- The Ogasawara school originated from shooting while riding and emphasizes chiefly beauty and elegance, on the contrary, the Heki school is practical archery for infantrymen which places emphasis on target accuracy and the penetrating power of an arrow.
- そのため大鎧は矢の攻撃に対する防御を重視した構造となっており大袖(おおそで)・鳩尾板(きゅうびのいた)・栴檀板(せんだんのいた)等の部品が付属している。
- Therefore, large armor was important in defending from arrow strikes, and the components, such as the large sleeve (Osode), the chest plates (Kyubi-no-ita), and the sandalwood plates (Sendan-no-ita) were attachments.
- 講談 - 武士、男性社会、エラい人の物語、タテマエ、演者と客との心理的距離の遠さ、公式的見解、無矛盾性、地の文による客観的描写、語りのテンポと歯切れを重視
- Kodan features: samurai, male-dominated society, stories on great people, public stances, psychologically great distance between the performer and the audience, official views, consistency, objective depiction in descriptive texts, and emphasis on tempo of narrative.
- これによって、延喜・天暦期を特別に重視することなく、9世紀から11世紀までの期間を律令国家期から王朝国家期への移行期としてとらえる見解が通説となっている。
- Following this reappraisal, the view that the period from the 9th century to the 11th century was a transition period from the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes to a dynastic state system became commonly accepted, without focusing on the Engi and Tenryaku eras too much.
- 1720年(享保5年)に著された「大明律例訳義」は人道・恤刑思想を重視して正確かつ平易(当時の日本で使われている用語に置き換えた)を旨とした全訳書である。
- Authored in 1720, 'Daiminritsureiyakugi' is a complete translation based on accuracy and simplicity (translated into terms used in Japan at that time), with a focus on thoughts on humanity and merciful punishment.
- 「格物」の「格」についても「手格猛獣」(手もて猛獣を格(ただ)す)の「格」と解釈して自らの体で動くことを重視し、実践にもとづく後天的な人格陶冶を主張した。
- Regarding 'kaku' of Kakubutsu,' he interpreted it as 'fight' as in 'fighting a beast with one's hands,' placing value on making movements on one's own, and advocated a learned character building based on practice.
- 盛平の弟子の中には藤平光一を初めとして、ヨーガを日本に持ち込んだ中村天風の影響を受けた合気道師範も多く、合気道の精神性重視という気風を次代に継承している。
- Among the disciples of Morihei, there were many grand masters of aikido who were influenced by Tenpu NAKAMURA, who was the first to introduce yoga to Japan, handing down the spirituality-oriented spirit of aikido to the next generation.
- 上記のように、任侠映画に始まり女侠客もの、ポルノ、男女アクション、漫画原作、文芸作品と多彩なジャンルの作品を発表しているが、一貫して娯楽性を重視している。
- He focused greatly on the entertainment aspect of his films, started out with Chivalry, female yakuza, pornography, action films played by both genders, films produced from manga, and artistic works.
- 湯立ちの風習は、水と火の神聖・呪性を重視し、精進潔斎を行って湯を沸かして神に献じて参列した人々も浴びることで生命の再生・浄化と息災を願うというものである。
- In yudate, with reverence toward the holiness and magical power of water and fire, after purification by abstaining from eating meat, the conductor of the ritual boils water, presents it to the gods, and at the same time sprinkles it over the attending people to pray for rebirth and purification of life and good health.
- 一方、朝鮮の両班階層(支配層)の間では明の援軍のおかげにより朝鮮は滅亡を免れたのだという意識(「再造之恩」)が強調され、明への恩義を重視する思想が広まった。
- On the other hand, among yangban (traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea) (ruling class) of Korea, understanding that Korea could narrowly avoid ruin thanks to reinforcements from Ming ('再造之恩') was underscored and the thought to attach importance to gratitude towards Ming spread widely.
- その後の安土城や大坂城の天守にも住居や迎賓のための建物としての用途が重視され、慶長期には岡山城天守や熊本城天守のように書院造の要素を含んだ天守が建てられた。
- Afterwards, usage as living quarters and guest house was considered important also for Tenshu of Azuchi-jo Castle and Osaka-jo Castle, and in the Keicho era, Tenshu with a feature of Shoin-zukuri style (a traditional Japanese style of residential architecture that includes a Tokonoma), such as Okayama-jo Castle keep and Kumamoto-jo Castle keep, were constructed.
- 上記のように企業としては戦後派であるが、撮影所は東西ともに帝キネ→新興→大映第二(東横)を引き継いでおり、徹底して大衆娯楽路線を重視する路線なども似ている。
- As outlined above, Toei is categorized as a company which was established after World War Two, but both its eastern and western studios took over those of Teikoku Kinema Engei Kabushiki Gaisha (Imperial Cinema Entertainment Company), Shinko, and Daiei Second (Toyoko) and as with these studios, Toei specifically focused on mass entertainment.
- 同時代、永康学派の陳亮や永嘉学派の葉適(しょうせき)は、聖人の道は国家や民衆の生活を利することにあるとする事功の学を唱えて自己の内面を重視する朱熹を批判した。
- In the same period, Chin Ryo (Chen Liang) of the Eiko school and Sho Seki of the Eika school preached on a Utilitarianism school, which claimed that the way of the saint was to benefit the nation and the lives of the people, and criticized Chu His who valued the inner self.
- しかし、近年の研究では、今川義元側の見地として、西三河最大の今川の与党である岡崎松平家を重視しての(好意的な)政策だったという説も唱えられるようになってきた。
- As a result of recent studies, however, a number of theories arguing from Yoshimoto IMAGAWA's side claim that it was a (favorable) policy of the Imagawa family to attach great importance to the Okazaki Matsudaira family since it was the largest family on the Imagawa side in Nishimikawa (the western part of Mikawa Province).
- また、城砦としての防衛能力を重視した場所は必ずしも交通の便が良いところではなく、交易都市の色彩を強めるにつれ城が放棄され陣屋などに行政中心が移ったケースも多い。
- Additionally, places that placed an emphasis on defensive ability as a castle retreat were not in places with good transportation, and as they started to increasingly become trade cities, Jinya instead of castles became the center of government.
- チベット仏教における経典の分類は、他の仏教圏とも共通する「経・律・論」の三部分類よりも、「仏説部(カンギュル)」、「論疏部(テンギュル)」の2分類が重視される。
- As for the classification of Buddhist sutras in Tibetan Buddhism, separation into two parts--'Bkah-hgyur' and 'Bstan-hgyur'--was given more value than that into the three parts of 'sutra, vinaya and abhidharma,' which is common to other Buddhist countries.
- 後に覚盛は「四分律」を重視して唐招提寺を復興して律宗再興の拠点としたのに対して、叡尊は西大寺_(奈良市)を拠点に真言宗の「十誦律」を中心とした真言律宗を開いた。
- While Kakujo emphasized 'Shibun-ritsu' and revived Toshodai-ji Temple as the base of restoration of the Risshu sect later, Enson founded the Shingon Risshu sect around 'Juju-ritsu' of the Shingon sect at the base of Saidai-ji Temple (Nara City).
- 作風は、正徹から受け継いだ新古今風を基礎に、表現対象の凝視と表現主体の沈潜とを重視する独特のもので、「ひえやせたる」風趣のうちに得意な感覚の冴え方を示している。
- Based on the Shinkon style (tone of poems seen in 'New Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese poetry') learned from Shotetsu, Shinkei's work was unique in the way that he placed the importance on close examination of poem subjects and self-preoccupation in poem themes, exhibiting his refined senses in his 'hieyasetaru' (simple and natural) poem style.
- 不況やそのような粋なことをする男性がすくなくなったり、また娯楽の多様化や家庭重視、金銭的な問題等から芸妓にそれだけのことをする意味がないなど複数の要因となった。
- There are several factors for the disappearance of danna-sama including the poor economy, availability of diverse entertainment, trend to attach importance to family, financial reasons and there are very few men around who would be willing to spend money on geigi just for the sake of looking cool.
- 寿司屋は、寿司(特に寿司握り寿司)を主として供する飲食店(サービス業)ではあるが、刺身を含め食材に生のものが多く鮮度も重視される点で、他の飲食店と決定的に異なる。
- A sushi restaurant is one (service business) which serves mainly sushi (especially nigirizushi [sushi shaped by hand]), but it is critically different from other restaurants in that freshness counts because the food materials include many perishables like sashimi (fresh slices of raw fish).
- 初期の時代物映画や時代小説が、話の筋や芸術性よりも、派手で俗受けしやすい剣戟の場面を重視し、もっぱらそれのみへの興味によって制作されたところから来るものといえる。
- This is because the early historical movies and novels were produced only featuring flashy swordplay scenes that could be popular easily instead of focusing stories and artistic qualities.
- このため要塞と城の機能は分離されるようになり、要塞は高さより、厚さを重視するものになり、永久要塞としては星型(稜堡式)要塞が、野戦要塞としては塹壕が主流となった。
- The functions of the fortress were separated from the functions of the castle, thickness took precedence over height for the fortress, and star-shaped ryoho shiki (a style based on the fortification of Vauban in France) fortresses became dominant as permanent fortresses and trenches became dominant as field fortresses.
- 同じ塑造の傑作として知られる東大寺戒壇院の四天王像の造形と比較すると、甲冑など、やや形式を重視した形で造形されており、東大寺像よりも時代が少し下ると見られている。
- Compared with the Shitenno-zo (Image of the four guardian kings) of Todai-ji Kaidan-in, which is known as a masterpiece of molding, they are formed with a little emphasis on formality including kacchu (armor); therefore, they are believed to have been made later in the period than the images of Todai-ji Temple.
- が、一方で父・馬子の死後、蘇我氏に対する内外の風当たりが強くなる中で、皇族や諸豪族との融和を重視して、蘇我氏との血縁関係のない舒明天皇を即位させたという説もある。
- However, on the other hand, one theory says that Emishi, while there was growing criticism of the Soga clan from both inside and outside after his father Umako's death, enthroned the Emperor Jomei who did not have blood relationship with the Soga clan to value the harmony between the imperial family and various powerful families.
- もともと、斉昭の藩主就任以来、水戸藩では斉昭に忠実な天狗党と幕府との関係を重視する諸生党の対立が激しかったが、密勅の対応をめぐり、さらに確執を深めることとなった。
- Originally, since Nariaki TOKUGAWA had assumed the lord of the domain, the Tenguto (the Tengu faction) who were royal to Nariaki had been in fierce conflict with the Shoseito (the Shosei faction) who emphasized the relationship with the bakufu, and the feud between them were intencified over how to handle this mitchoku.
- ただし、宮内庁ホームページのように「一般国民へのわかりやすさ」を重視する場面、あるいは植樹や供花などでは「皇太子妃」が、歌会始では「東宮妃」などの表記も用いられる。
- However, 'crown princess' is used on the website of the Imperial Household Agency which emphasizes the 'intelligibility to the general public' and in tree-planting ceremonies and floral tributes, and 'Princess Togu' is also used in New Year Imperial Poetry Reading.
- それまでの天誅は、開国派や公武合体派であった個人を狙ってのものが大半であったが、この事件では足利将軍の木像を梟首することで暗に倒幕の意味を持つものとして重視された。
- Heaven's punishment used to be given to those individuals that were a part of groups which were for opening Japan to the world, integrating the imperial court and the shogunate, but this incident was counted because destroying the heads of wooden images of the Ashikaga Shoguns implied that they wished to overthrow the Shogunate.
- 宣長は、『古事記』の註釈にあたって、本文に記述された伝承はすべて真実にあったことと信じ、「やまとごころ」を重視して儒教的な「からごころ」を退けるという態度を貫いた。
- In giving commentaries on 'Kojiki,' he believed all the stories in it to be true, and strongly supported 'Yamatogokoro' (literally, 'the heart of Japan') while denying 'kan gokoro' (literally, 'the heart of Kara (an ancient Chinese dynasty),' a Confucian view.
- この見方では、こうした慣習は評判インセンティブの希薄化よりはむしろ、職人が自分のビジョンを自分の選ぶ形で実行するという職人の権利を守ることを重視していることになる。
- In this view these customs have less to do with the dilution of reputation incentives than with protecting a craftsman's right to execute his vision in his chosen way.
- やがて田染荘は九州に2万町歩を超す荘園を有する屈指の荘園主であった宇佐神宮に支配されるようになり、宇佐神宮の「本御荘十八箇所」と呼ばれる荘園のひとつとして重視された。
- Tashibu Manor eventually came under the control of Usa-jingu Shrine which possessed manors of more than 20,000 hectares in Kyushu, and was a valued as one of the manors known as 'Hongosho Juhakkasho' (lit. the 18 real manors).
- なお、「一介の人間としての釈迦」を重視する臨済宗、曹洞宗、黄檗宗の禅宗各派では釈迦如来の脇侍として大迦葉尊者・阿難尊者を配し、十大弟子・十六善神が随従することがある。
- The various schools of Zen sects such as Rinzai sect, Soto sect and Obaku sect place importance on 'Shaka as a human' and in some cases have Daikasho-sonja and Anan-sonja as attendant figures to Shakanyorai, together with Judai deshi or Juroku Zenshin.
- 南蛮貿易のもたらす実利を重視した秀吉は京都にあった教会(南蛮寺)を破却、長崎の公館と教会堂を接収してはいるが、キリスト教そのものへのそれ以上の強硬な禁教は行っていない。
- Hideyoshi destroyed the Kyoto Church (Nanban-dera Temple) and confiscated the diplomatic offices and churches in Nagasaki, but did not uncompromisingly prohibit Christianity itself more than that because he highly regarded the practical gains brought by trade with Spain and Portugal.
- 当時の皇族や貴族は、最澄が本格的に修学した天台教学よりも、むしろ現世利益も重視する密教、あるいは来世での極楽浄土への生まれ変わりを約束する浄土教(念仏)に関心を寄せた。
- The Imperial Family and aristocrats at that time were interested in Mikkyo, which valued practical benefits in this world or 'pure land' teachings, as well as Jodo-kyo (Buddhist invocation), which promised reincarnation in the Land-of-Bliss/Pure Land of the next world, instead of the Tendai Doctrine, which Saicho had seriously studied.
- ことに禅宗では阿羅漢である大迦葉に釈迦の正法が直伝されたことを重視して、釈迦の弟子たちの修行の姿が理想化され、五百羅漢図や羅漢像が作られ、正法護持の祈願の対象となった。
- Particularly, the Zen sect emphasized that Shaka's true dharma (正法) was transmitted directly to Arakan, Daikasho (Mahakasyapa) and produced pictures of the 500 Rakans, and statues of Rakan idealized the figures of Shaka's disciples training, which were later worshipped to pray for keeping true dharma.
- 天守は、初期では主に住宅としての機能が重視され、織田信長によって岐阜城に建てられた「天主」と名づけられた四階建の建物のように曲輪の塁上に建てない構造であることもあった。
- For early Tenshu, functions primarily as living quarters were considered important and some Tenshu were not constructed on the foundation in Kuruwa (castle compound), such as the four-story structure named 'Tenshu' built by Nobunaga ODA in Gifu-jo Castle.
- また、大量の障壁画制作をこなすには、弟子一門を率いて集団で制作する必要があり、集団制作を容易にするためにも絵師個人の個性よりも粉本(絵手本)を学習することが重視された。
- In order to create numbers of screen paintings, one must work in a group with all the disciples; therefore, in order to make group work easier, the ability to learn from painting examples was valued more than one's individuality as a painter.
- プラグマティストは、商業主義を嫌うよりはいいツールやおもちゃを手に入れるほうを重視するし、商業製品を使う場合でも、それが高品質なら別にイデオロギー上の不快感は感じない。
- The pragmatist values having good tools and toys more than he dislikes commercialism, and may use high-quality commercial software without ideological discomfort.
- 政府による「神社崇拝」の国民への強制の度合いは時代によって異なったが、1930年代初頭から太平洋戦争にかけての時期には、国家神道は戦争遂行の精神的支柱として重視された。
- The extent to which people were forced by the government to participate in the 'worship of shrines' varied with the times but, from the beginning of the 1930's to the Pacific War, State Shinto was emphasized as an emotional prop for the prosecution of war.
- 役所で取り扱う文書には元号を使うこと、印鑑を押すこと、定められた形式に従って作成された文書以外は受理しないこと等々の、文書と手続きの形式を重視した文書主義が導入された。
- A document-based principle, attaching importance to the format of documents and procedures was introduced, which gave regulations such as using only the era name in the documents handled by government offices, affixing seals, accepting only the documents created in accordance with the predetermined format, and so on.
- その後の国際法学は実定法をより重視する傾向が増し、エムリッシュ・ヴァッテル (Emmerich de Vattel) は、自然法と実定法双方に軸足をおいた学説を唱えた。
- In international jurisprudence after him, however, the tendency to attach more importance to positive law, and Emmerich de Vattel advanced a theory which was based both on natural law and positive law.
- 物語性を重視し漢語がちりばめられた読本に比べ、滑稽本は会話文を主体とした平易な文章で、単純な言葉の引っかけや常識から逸脱した言動、下ネタなどで大衆的な読者の笑いを誘う。
- Compared to the yomihon literature that focused on narrative and was full of kango (originally Chinese words and expressions), kokkeibon books were written in a simple style with many colloquial expressions, and they made ordinary readers laugh using techniques such as simple puns, words and deeds deviating from social norms, and indecent topics.
- 鎌倉五山や京都五山(京五山)では、幕府の外交文書を起草するという必要性も伴い、四六文を用いた法語や漢詩を作る才が重視されたことも関係して、五山文学が栄えることとなった。
- Accordingly, and in addition to the necessity of drafting the shogunate's diplomatic documents, it was considered important to compose hogo (Zen instructional literature) and Chinese poems written in shirokubun (a style of alternating four- and six-character lines), whereby the Literature of the Five Mountains flourished in Kamakura Gozan and Kyoto Gozan (the five great Zen temples of Kamakura and Kyoto).
- かつては富裕層のステイタスとして蒔絵や木画などで美しく装飾されるものが多かったが、やはり山田検校以来、装飾は最低限に抑え、音色を重視するシンプルなものが次第に多くなった。
- Although many products were decorated with makie (Japanese lacquer sprinkled with gold or silver powder) or mokuga (wood painting) in the past in order to show the status of wealthy people, simple products which emphasized tone quality rather than decorations gradually increased since the era of Yamada Kengyo.
- 下賀茂神社に自らの蔵書を奉納したときの目録である「蓼倉文庫蔵書目録」には経学・史学を中心に3,386部(11,252巻)が記され、菘翁が学問を重視していた姿勢が窺われる。
- In 'the list of book collection in Tadekura Library,' which was a list of his books dedicated to Shimogamo-jinja Shrine, 3,386 books (11,252 volumes), centering on keigaku and history, were listed, which shows Suo emphasized the learning.
- いわゆる藩閥出身者が殆どを占め、長州藩・薩摩藩出身者が各4名ずつ入閣させる(ただし、薩摩閥の中核と見られていた黒田清隆は当初入閣せず)などのバランス重視型の布陣となった。
- Organized with an emphasis on balanced assignment, the cabinet consisted mainly of people from domain cliques, with 4 people from the Choshu Domain and four from the Satsuma Domain being inducted into the cabinet (however, Kiyotaka KURODA, who was thought to be the central figure of the Satsuma clique, did not get a place in the Cabinet at that time).
- 卵の輸入制限は各国の国内鶏卵業者への保護を目的とする他にも鶏卵が有する各種細菌がもつ食品衛生上の観点からも重視されており、各国で輸入規制対象物品に指定されていることが多い。
- Import restriction of eggs is counted not only for the purpose of protection of domestic poultry farmers but also in view of food hygiene based on various bacteria included in eggs, and therefore many countries specify it as prohibited imports.
- 臨済宗…仏殿本尊としては釈迦如来を安置することが多い(縁により、観音菩薩、阿弥陀如来、地蔵菩薩等)ただし、禅宗寺院では仏像と同様、時にはそれ以上に祖師像を重視する傾向がある。
- Rinzai sect – Shakanyorai is often the Butsuden Honzon (depending upon past connections, may also be Kannon Bosatsu, Amidanyorai, Jizo Bosatsu, etc.), however, the Zen sect temples tend to revere Soshi images as much as, or sometimes even more than Buddha images.
- 『荀子』や『春秋穀梁伝』のように「士商工農」とするものもあるが、中国では伝統的に土地に基づかず利の集中をはかる「商・工」よりも土地に根ざし穀物を生み出す「農」が重視されてきた。
- 'Xun Zi' (or Hsun Tzu) and 'Shunju Kokuryo-den' (Annotation of Guliang on Spring and Autumn Annals) described 'shi-sho-ko-no'; though in China, much more importance has traditionally been attached to 'no' who settled in the land and produced crops, as opposed to the 'sho' and 'ko' who did not till the land and aimed at reaping profits.
- 他方、外交が重視される時期や、奈良盆地の既存勢力と距離を置きたい場合には、日本海-若狭湾-琵琶湖-淀川-大阪湾-瀬戸内海の内陸水系物流ルート沿いの琵琶湖南岸以南に都が置かれた。
- On the other hand, in time periods focusing on diplomacy, or if an emperor wanted to establish themselves at a distance from the existing powers in the Nara Basin, their capitals were placed to the south of the southern coast of Lake Biwa along the inland water system logistics route from the Japan Sea, via Wakasa Bay, Lake Biwa, the Yodo River, Osaka Bay and to the Seto Inland Sea.
- 密教において重視される両界曼荼羅(こんごうかいまんだら)に登場する数多い菩薩のうち主要なものを組み合わせたものであるが、以下に述べる京都市・東寺の像以外には顕著な作例を見ない。
- This is the combination of principal Bosatsu, picked up from many Bosatsu depicted in Ryokai-mandala (Vajradhatumandala), which is valued by Esoteric Buddhism, but there is no prominent work other than the statues at To-ji Temple in Kyoto City, as mentioned below.
- 日蓮宗・法華宗では、多宝如来は法華経の正しさを証明する仏として、釈迦如来に次いで重視されており、宝塔の両脇に釈迦如来と多宝如来を配した「一塔両尊」という安置形式をしばしば見る。
- In the Nichiren sect and Hokke sect, Taho Nyorai is valued second to Shaka Nyorai, as a Buddha who proves the truthfulness of Hoke-kyo Sutra, and the way of enshrinement called, 'itto ryoson' to place Shaka Nyorai and Taho Nyorai on both sides of a hoto is often seen.
- 惟康親王は一旦臣籍に下がった後の親王宣下、忠房親王は臣籍で誕生しながら親王に宣下されており、先例を重視するならば旧皇族およびその男系子孫の皇籍復帰は決して不可能ではないと言える。
- Given that Imperial Prince Koreyasu received the title of Imperial Prince even after having been demoted to the rank of commoner and Imperial Prince Tadafusa was made an Imperial Prince by Imperial decree despite having been born a commoner, it is not impossible for male former members of the Imperial Family to return to the Imperial Family if precedent is adhered to.
- しかし、近世の浄土真宗寺院では、開基を祀る御影堂(ごえいどう、大師堂)が阿弥陀如来を祀る本堂(阿弥陀堂)と並んで重視されるため、両者が左右に並んで東面して建つ形を基本としている。
- However, since a goeido (daishido), which is dedicated to a Kaiki (patron of a temple in its founding), was valued as much as the main hall (Amida hall), which is dedicated to Amitabha Tathagata for the temples of the True Pure Land sect in early-modern times, the basic style was to build them both so that they faced the east.
- しかし、未来の社会がどのようなラインの上に引かれるものであっても、現代において最後まで生きのびるであろう主権者たる新たな勢力・群集の力を重視しなければならないことは明らかである。
- Still it is already clear that on whatever lines the societies of the future are organised, they will have to count with a new power, with the last surviving sovereign force of modern times, the power of crowds.
- こういった中で鮮度と産地を重視する江戸料理が生まれ、八寸や口取りから始まるコース化した日本料理の先駆けとなった本膳料理とともに、今日の高級な料理の骨子と要素を構築したといわれている。
- It is said that Edo dishes, in which great importance was placed on the freshness and origin of the foodstuffs, were generated under these circumstances, thereby establishing the core and elements of today's high-class dishes together with honzen ryori (formally arranged dinners) that set the precedent for nihon-ryori being a course meal that starts with hassun (a relish) and kuchitori (a side dish).
- 油小路通(通称新堀川通り)にはパルスプラザ(京都府総合見本市会館)があり、様々な業種による見本市や発表会が頻繁に開催されており、京都の産業を対外的にPRする拠点として重視されている。
- Pulse Plaza (Kyoto Trade Fair Center) is located along the Abura-koji-dori (also known as Shinhorikawa-dori) --it is an important site for public relations activities for informing the public of Kyoto's industries and exhibitions are frequently held by a wide variety of industries.
- 戦後は代用食としてのボリュームを重視してキャベツをメインに用いる「混ぜ焼き」スタイルが主流となったが、現在も地域によっては、主に大人の酒のつまみとしてのネギ焼きも根強く残存している。
- After the war, the volume was emphasized as substitute food and the 'mazeyaki' (Japanese pancake) style, where cabbage was mainly used, became mainstream, but even now, chiefly negiyaki (a thinner offshoot of Japanese pancake made with a great deal of Welsh onion) as nibbles with drinks for adults steadfastly remains depending upon the region.
- 朱子学においては読書や静坐を重視したが、陽明はそうした静的な環境で修養を積んでも一旦事があった場合役には立たない、日常の生活・仕事の中で良知を磨く努力をしなければならない、と説いた。
- Shushigaku emphasizes reading and meditation, whereas Wang Yangming stated that however hard a person cultivated himself in the static environment, such cultivation did not work if something serious happened, and that a person should strive to improve ryochi through daily life and work.
- 江戸中期以降、本居宣長の『古事記伝』など国学の発展によって、『日本書紀』よりも古く、かつ漢文だけでなく日本の言葉も混ぜて書かれた『古事記』の方が重視されるようになり、現在に至っている。
- With the development of studies on Japanese classical literature, such as Norinaga MOTOORI's 'Kojikiden,'since the mid-Edo period, 'The Kojiki,'became more highly regarded because it is older than 'Nihon Shoki,' and written not only in classical Chinese character text but also with Japanese words.
- もしそれが事実なら、インターナショナルは中央集権化された政治形態を持っているということになりますが、その実際の形態は地域のエネルギーと自主独立性を最も重視するよう設計されているのです。
- This would imply a centralized form of government for the International, whereas the real form is designedly that which gives the greatest play to local energy and independence.
- アロー戦争以後清朝の外交を担ってきた総理衙門が清朝官庁内で次第に地位低下したことに不満を覚えた諸外国が、清朝が外交を重視するよう求めた結果、総理衙門を廃止し外務部をつくらせるに至った。
- After the Arrow War, various foreign nations felt frustrated with the falling social status of Zongli Yamen, which had become burdened with the diplomacy that the Qing dynasty placed great importance on, and as a result Zongli Yamen was abolished and replaced with the Foreign Office.
- そのうち、丹波亀山藩と篠山藩については松平氏や青山氏を中心として譜代大名による移封が多く、藩主が老中や寺社奉行、京都所司代、大坂城代を歴任するなど徳川幕府の重視する藩であったことがわかる。
- As for Tanba-Kameyama and Sasayama domains in particular, it shows how the Tokugawa shogunate regarded them as important that 'Fudai daimyo' like Matsudaira and Aoyama were often transferred there, and that governors there often served as Roju, Jisha-bugyo, the Kyoto Shoshidai and Osakajodai.
- 竹越の著作は歴史上における国民または個人の思想動向とその分析の重要性と時期区分とその変化の法則性把握を提唱し、歴史における経済的要因を重視するなど、市民的立場からみた発展的歴史観を示した。
- Takekoshi's literary works advocated the importance of understanding and analyzing the trend of thought formented among the national public and individuals, and finding out a certain principle in the relationship between the classification of each period of history and its change, and thus, he presented a developmental view of history from the standpoint of an ordinary citizen.
- 一方で、徳川家康の名古屋城天守や広島城天守のように外観を重視して、内部をなるべく簡素に造ったものも表れ、以降、城主や客人が立ち入る建物としての機能が天守からは省略され始めたと考えられている。
- On the other hand, Tenshu emphasizing gorgeous appearance and with as simple interior as possible, such as Nagoya-jo Castle keep by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Hiroshima-jo Castle keep, appeared, and it is considered that, thereafter, the function of a building into which the lord or guests enter started to disappear from Tenshu.
- また、「交易」を重視する立場から、外国との通商貿易をすすめ、産業の振興をも「交易」として捉えて国内における自律的な経済発展の方策を建議し、そのために幕府・藩を越えた統一国家の必要性を説いた。
- In addition, from his position of emphasizing 'commerce', he pushed forward overseas trade, and suggested the domestic scheme of autonomous development of industry looking on the development of industry also as 'commerce', and for this, advocated the necessity of united nation beyond bakufu and han.
- 1875年(明治7年)に地租改正により、農家が納める税金は米から金に変わり、農家では収量を重視するようになり、米の品質が落ちてきたが、一方で、酒の需要が増加し、蔵本では酒米を確保しようとした。
- Because of the land-tax reform in 1875, the tax paid by farmers changed from rice to money, and farmers began to make a point of the harvest volume to reduce the quality of rice while demand for sake increased to have Kuramoto endeavor to secure rice for brewing sake.
- 文明開化の時代にあって、従来の荒唐無稽な歌舞伎への反省から歌舞伎の革新を志し、明治10年代には学術関係者や文化人と組んで時代考証を重視した劇(「活歴」と呼ばれた)に取り組んだ(演劇改良運動)。
- In the age of the civilization and enlightenment, from the review of the traditional nonsensical Kabuki, Danjuro, intended to reform it, tackling dramas based on historical backgrounds (called Katsureki) together with people of learning and culture (Theatrical performance movement) in the second decade of the Meiji era.
- 明治14年(1881年)、鳥取市の士族などによる「鳥取県再置運動」により因・伯2国を以って鳥取県が再置されたが、依然として島根とのつながりを重視する米子地方の人々は島根県への編入を求めていた。
- In 1881, by 'the movement to request to reconfigure the territory of Tottori prefecture' supported by shizoku (family or person with samurai ancestors) in Tottori city, Tottori Prefecture was reconfigured with Inaba Province and Houki Province, however people lived in Yonago district wished incorporation of the district into Shimane Prefecture because they considered the relationship with people in Shimane Prefecture was important.
- 現在では節の状態で売られることは少なく、薄いスライス状に削られたものに窒素を入れ気密パックの状態で小分けした削り節が主流であるが、高級和食の料理人は風味を重視して使う直前に削ることが多いという。
- Nowadays, it is rare for katsuobushi to be sold in the form of fushi (the fillet cut in the shape of a wooden ship), and the popular one is kezuribushi (thinly shaved pieces of katsuobushi) in a small bag that is made airtight with nitrogen; nevertheless, those who prepare high-quality Japanese cuisine are said to shave fushi just before cooking, attaching importance to the savory aspect.
- 田沼意次時代の天明の大飢饉を乗り越え、低下した幕府の指導力を取り戻すために、儒学のうち農業と上下の秩序を重視した朱子学を正学とし、当時流行していた古文辞学や古学を「風俗を乱すもの」として禁じた。
- In order to regain leadership after going through the Tenmei Famine in times of Okitsugu TANUMA, the shogunate chose Neo-Confucianism out of Confucianism for the official learning, which put importance on the hierarchic order and agriculture; on the other hand, they banned Kobunjigaku, (study of ancient rhetoric) and the Kogaku (learning about ancient teachings), which were popular learning at that time for corrupting public morals.
- 集中内観は研修所や病院などの静かな部屋に一週間こもり、外界とのやり取りを制限し、自分とかかわりの深い他者(特に母親が重視される)に対して自分がどうであったかを、次の三つの観点から調べるものである。
- Shuchu naikan consists of a week of confinement in a training center or hospital to restrict communication with the outside in order to make a client reflect on his or her attitude against a person who had a deep relationship with him or her (specifically focusing on mother) from the following three perspectives:
- 中世に入ると、宋学の影響によって四書が重視されるようになると、明経道において新たに「明経道四書」を制定し、また足利学校でもこれに対抗して学校点と呼ばれる乎古登点を定めて学術における特権維持を図った。
- In the medieval period when Shisho (the Four Books of Confucianism) became valued under the influence of the Sung Study (Neo-Confucian), 'Myogyodo shisho' was newly established in Myogyodo, and in defiance of this, okototen called Gakkoten was set up to maintain the prerogative in learning in the Ashikaga School.
- こうした論争においては、National Security Agency (NSA)と Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI)の見解と経験がきわめて重視されてきた。
- Great deference has been paid to the perspective and experience of the National Security Agency and Federal Bureau of Investigation in these debates.
- この背景には、大学制度の範を唐の制度に求めたものの、儒教による国家統治の原則が確立していた唐とは違い、仏教や古来からの神道が儒教と並立した日本の支配階層においては、儒教理念が唐よりも重視されなかった。
- The reason is that although Daigaku-ryo was modeled on the university system in Tang Dynasty China, unlike in Tang Dynasty China where the rule that a nation should be governed based on Confucianism was already established, in Japan Confucianism coexisted with Buddhism and traditional Shintoism, and the ruling classes in Japan did not pay heed to the philosophy of Confucianism as much as those in the Tang Dynasty did.
- また当代重視方針を取り、藤原定家・藤原俊成・西行・藤原為家ら中世初期の著名歌人も50首以上採られているが、入集を果たした180人のうち、113人は勅撰集初出で、中でも女流の占める比重が過半数と大きい。
- It also took a policy of placing emphasis on contemporary works, so although famous medieval poets like FUJIWARA no Teika, FUJIWARA no Shunzei, Saigyo, and FUJIWARA no Tameie had over fifty poems included, among the 180 poets in the collection, 113 appeared for the first time, over half of which were women, a rather large number for the time.
- 師資相承(師匠から弟子へ仏法を伝える)を重視する禅宗では、師匠の法を嗣いだことを証明するために弟子に与える頂相(ちんぞう、禅僧の肖像)や禅宗の始祖・達磨をはじめとする祖師像などの絵画作品の需要があった。
- In the Zen sect which emphasized Shishi-sosho (generation-to-generation instruction from master to disciple) there was a demand for paintings such as Chinzo (portrait of Zen priest), which was given to a disciple in order to clarify his succession of the master's dharma, and Soshi-zo image including the founder of Zen sect, Dharma.
- その後暫くは、頼綱は追加法を頻繁に出すなど手続きを重視した政治運営を行っていたが、1287年(弘安10年)に、征夷大将軍源惟康が立親王して惟康親王となった時期に政治姿勢を一変させ、恐怖政治へと邁進した。
- For a while afterwards, Yoritsuna carried out politics focusing on procedures, for example, frequent submission of additional laws, but in 1287, at the time when Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') MINAMOTO no Koreyasu was given the title of Imperial Prince and became Imperial Prince Koreyasu, Yoritsuna changed his attitude toward politics suddenly and worked toward a reign of terror.
- だが、廃仏毀釈による混乱や未だ地方政府としての機能を有していた藩の儒教・仏教重視理念との対立、神祇省内部の国学者間の路線対立、更に欧米からのキリスト教弾圧停止要求も重なって神道国教化の動きは不振が続いた。
- However, a movement to establish Shinto as a state religion continued to be inactive because of disorder by Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism), confrontation with Domains' emphasis on Confucianism and Buddhism which still operated function as local government, difference of policy among scholars of the Japanese classics, and moreover, demand for an end of oppression of Christianity from the West.
- 当時の主宰であった巌本は、読者対象とする母親の子育てを重視すると共に児童の人格を認め、母親が子供に語るために適した話の材料を提供することをねらいとして、1888年の第9号からは「子供のはなし」欄を設けた。
- In the ninth issue published in 1888, the then editor-in-chief Iwamoto started the Kodomo no Hanashi column with intent to place importance on childrearing responsibility for mothers who were the intended readers of the magazine, to recognize personalities of children and to offer appropriate materials for stories for mothers to tell children.
- 中期密教は僧侶向けに複雑化した仏教体系となった一方で、かえってインドの大衆層への普及・浸透ができず、日常祭祀や民間信仰に重点をおいた大衆重視のヒンドゥー教の隆盛・拡大という潮流を結果的には変えられなかった。
- While the middle stage of Mikkyo became a complicated system of Buddhism for priests, it couldn't become widespread among Indian people and therefore couldn't change the trend whereby Hinduism, which emphasized daily religious services and folk beliefs, flourished and expanded.
- しかし、大学への移行に伴う教官の審査では、当然研究者としての実績が重視されたため、黒板の書き方や学級経営など実務ノウハウしか持ち合わせなかった旧制師範時代の教官の多くは審査の結果不適格として教壇を追われた。
- However, in the screening accompanied by the transition from an old-system normal school to a university, a lot of teachers failed in the screening and lost their jobs because the screening naturally focused on teachers' achievements as scholars/researchers, but those who failed knew nothing more than practical knowledge such as how to use blackboards or managing their classes.
- 人に対する位階は、それによって就ける官職が異なったり、位田が支給されたりなどの特典を伴うものであったが、神に対する位階は、単に栄誉として与えられたもののようであり、神階よりも神社の社格の方が重視されていた。
- Ikai for humans brought privileges such as rights to different offices and provisioning of iden (fields given based upon ikai), but ikai for gods was granted merely as an honor, and more value was placed on shrine ranking than on shinkai.
- この説では、合戦直前の2月6日の後白河法皇の休戦命令と、合戦後の宗盛の「休戦命令を信じていたら、源氏に襲われて一門の多くが殺された、(平氏を陥れる)奇謀ではないのか」という法皇への抗議の書状を重視している。
- In this theory, historians and experts stressed two important factors - Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa ordered the Taira clan to suspend battle preparations against Minamoto on March 26, 1184, and in the post war period, Munemori wrote a protest letter to the Emperor, 'When the Taira clan believed the order to suspend the battle, the Minamoto clan attacked and killed many members of the Taira clan family, so I was of the belief that this order was an unconventional tactic (a pretense to set the Taira clan for defeat in battle).'
- 清代の朱子学は、理気論や心性論よりも、朱熹が晩年に力を入れていた礼学が重視され、社会的な秩序構築を具体的に担う「礼」への関心が高まり、壮大な世界観を有する学問よりは、具体的・具象的な学問へと狭まっていった。
- Neo-Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty focused on Reigaku (courtesy science), which Hsi CHU concentrated in his later years, rather than the theory of Li-Ch'i and the theory of Mind, and interest in 'courtesy' increased, which was practically responsible for the establishment of public order, so that Neo-Confucianism was narrowed down from learning having a grand world view to becoming practicable and concrete.
- 河内祥輔は東国独立論の存在を否定(平広常の個人的意見でしかないと)する立場から、頼朝の立場を平家政権の支配からの独立とそれに代わる朝廷との関係構築を求めて、一貫して後白河法皇との直接交渉を望んだ点を重視する。
- From the standpoint that denies the existence of the argument about the independence of the Togoku region (and regards it as only a personal opinion of TAIRA no Hirotsune), Shosuke KOUCHI focuses on the fact that Yoritomo consistently desired to negotiate directly with the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa seeking independence from the ruling of the Heike government and the relationship building with the Imperial Court in lieu thereof.
- 行事所(ぎょうじしょ)は、9世紀中頃に大嘗祭(だいじょうえ)などに現れ、徐々に恒常・臨時を問わず様々な行事に設けられた機能性を重視したプロジェクトチームであり、必要な物資の調達を含む行事事務全般を取り仕切る。
- The Gyojisho came into existence in the Daijoe (first ceremonial offering of rice by newly-enthroned Emperor) and so on in about the middle ninth century, gradually grew into a functionality-oriented project team in various regular/temporal rites and festivals, and dealt with general affairs of rites and festivals including supplying necessary goods.
- その要因として、長きに渡った平安な世の中であったこと、武芸より政治的手腕を重視されるようになったこと、乗馬できる人がごく限られていたこと、馬術を教われるほどの財産を所持していない者が多かったことなど様々である。
- As for the reasons, in the long Edo period, there weren't many bloody wars, and the bushi class was required more political ability than the ability for the military arts, what's more, there weren't many equestrians nor rich bushi who could afford to learn the equestrianism.
- この、阿弥陀如来による救済思想と、自己救済としての仏道という二つの矛盾する考え方を、どのように理解していくかという試みの中で、称名念仏行を重視し、信心を「心が澄んで清らかになる」として理解する教学が形作られた。
- Attempts to understand the two contradictory concepts, the idea of salvation by Amida Nyorai, and Buddhism as a way of self-help, led to the formation of the kyogaku which emphasized exercise of invoking the name of Amida Buddha and which regarded faith as 'the mind being clear and pure'.
- 金堂本尊薬師三尊像については、『日本書紀』に見える、「持統天皇2年(688年)、薬師寺にて無遮大会(むしゃだいえ)が行われた」との記述を重視し、この年までには造立されて、後に平城薬師寺に移されたとする説がある。
- As for the Honzon Yakushi Sanzonzo in the Kon-do Hall, attaching importance to the description in 'Nihonshoki' of 'Mushadaie Festival was held at Yakushi-ji Temple in 688,' a theory suggests that those statues had already been produced by 688, and then they were later moved to Yakushi-ji Temple at Heijo-kyo.
- 一方で東大寺に東南院を建立して三論教学の拠点を築いたが、これは聖宝の中観/般若空重視の態度という観点からだけではなく、宗祖空海によって実施された南都大寺における儀礼の真言密教化という観点からも見落とすべきではない。
- He also made a base of San-lun (Three Shastras) Teachings by establishing Tonanin Temple in Todai-ji Temple, which should not be overlooked by the two following viewpoints; Shobo's high evaluation of Chugan (Intermediate) or Hannya-ku (the truth that nothing is substantial, void, taught in the Heart Sutra) and Kukai's adjusting ceremonies to Shingon Esoteric Buddhism at major temples at Nanto.
- 前水戸藩主徳川斉昭の七男・一橋慶喜は英明との評判が高く、これを支持し諸藩との協調体制を望む一橋派と、血統を重視し、現将軍に血筋の近い紀州藩主徳川慶福(後の徳川家茂)を推す保守路線の南紀派とに分裂し、激しく対立した。
- The successor issue divided the domains into two factions in fierce conflict with each other: One was the Hitotsubashi family supporting Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI who had a great reputation for intelligence and was the seventh son of Nariaki TOGUKAWA, the previous lord of Mito Domain; and the other was the conservative Nanki group supporting Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA (later Iemochi TOKUGAWA) who had a close genealogy with the current Shogun and was the lord of the Kishu Domain because of regarding blood line as important.
- 例えば、江西省撫州の人呉与弼(康斎)や 陳献章(白沙)は朱子学派に属すものの、その聖人となるための修養法は読書よりも実践・静坐を重視するなど、後世から見ると若干朱子学とは異なる側面も見られないではなかったのである。
- For example, although Wu Yubi (Kangzhai) and Chen Xianzhang (Baisha) in Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province belonged to the Shushigaku school, they emphasized practice and meditation instead of reading as a way to become a sage, which from a later viewpoint seems to be slightly different from conventional Shushigaku.
- また、農本主義的に思われている家康だが、実際には織田信長、豊臣秀吉と同時代の人間であり、また信長の徹底的な規制緩和による経済振興策をその目で見てきていることからも、成長重視の経済振興派であった可能性が指摘されている。
- Even though Ieyasu was believed to be an agricultural fundamentalist, it is pointed that Ieyasu was, in effect, likely to pursue the growth-oriented economic promotion because he actually lived in the same period as Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and witnessed Nobunaga's economic promotion policy by thorough deregulation.
- 西行(西行)の出家に影響され、自身も一時その願望を持つ事となったが、平安末期の無常観を反映しつつ、万葉集や古今和歌集の伝統を踏まえた抒情性の豊かな歌風を確立し、当世風の新奇性を重視した六条流の歌風と当時の歌壇を二分した。
- Influenced by the poet Saigyo becoming a priest, FUJIWARA no Toshinari himself held similar aspirations for a time, but, reflecting the fluid nature of the late Heian period, he straddled two schools of contemporary poetry: the rich lyrical poetic styles established in the traditions of the Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) and Kokin Wakashu (First Imperial Anthology of Japanese Poetry), and avant-garde literary fashions of the day given prominence amongst Rokujo-school literati.
- 「専修念仏」とは、仏法が衰えた「末法」の時代には、人は菩提心(さとり)によって救われることはなく、念仏以外の方法で極楽往生することはできないという主張であり、これは菩提心や戒律を重視する明恵の思想とは相反するものであった。
- In an 'age of decadence' in which Buddhism's standing was weakening, the teachings of 'exclusive nenbutsu' that people are not saved by the aspiration for Buddhahood and that, with the exception of nenbutsu, there is no other method of being reborn in paradise were in contradiction to the beliefs Myoe who emphasized discipline and the attainment of enlightenment.
- 神社神道では教義を明確に統一できないことに由来する神道の「掴みにくさ」は、同時に言語に強く依存した外来の諸宗教に完全には吸収同化されない、身体感覚を重視した遠い昔からの所作の現われとして現代日本社会にもなお受け継がれている。
- As it was impossible to clearly unify the theories of Shrine Shinto, there exists 'Difficulty of grasping' in Shinto, and it is the appearance of behaviors focusing on the physical senses, continued for a long time and still succeeded in Japan's modern society, because Shrine Shinto cannot be completely absorbed into foreign religions that heavily depend on language.
- 『詞花集』と『金葉集』との違いでもっとも顕著なのは、『金葉集』の近代重視に対し、『詞花集』では、最多入集歌人が曾禰好忠(17首)・和泉式部(16首)であることが示すとおり、中頃(後拾遺和歌集時代)の歌人を重視する方針をとる。
- The most significant difference between 'Shika shu' and 'Kinyo shu' is that 'Kinyo shu' considered the contemporary poets to be important while 'Shika shu' treated the poets around the period of Goshui Wakashu (Later Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poetry) with respect; it is illustrated by the fact that the poets whose poems were selected most were SONE no Yoshitada (17 poems) and Izumi Shikibu (16 poems).
- また、戒律復興と並行して真言密教の研究を重視しており、弟子の忍性が東国において社会活動や布教に熱を入れすぎて教学が疎かになっているのを窘めたり、元寇の際には西大寺や四天王寺などでモンゴル帝国軍撃退の祈祷や密教儀式を行っている。
- Eison regarded a revival of the precepts and the study of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism as equally important, so he reprimanded his disciple Ninsho for being negligent of the study by being too enthusiastic about social activities and propagation in eastern Japan, and at the time of Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, he offered a prayer and ritual of Esoteric Buddhism at Saidai-ji and Shitenno-ji Temples to repel the Mongol Empirical army.
- 近代国際法は「理念」として万国平等を謳いながら、現実では非西欧諸国を差別する国際秩序を支えており、こうした「理念」と現実との落差に対し、やがて失望とシニカルな感想、そして理念よりも国力を重視する姿勢が出てくることは自然であった。
- Under modern international law, the equality of nations was referred to as 'principle' but the thought supported international order that discriminated non-western Europe countries, therefore it was natural that some people were disappointed about the difference between the 'principle' and reality, became cynical and put more value on national power than principle.
- そして、このような囃子と踊りの奉納を重視する「地車」の存在しない地区による地車囃子が公認される一つの契機となったのは、1970年の大阪万博の前夜祭における地車囃子奉納が、大阪毎日放送の電波に乗ったときのことであると考えられている。
- And in regions which don't have 'danjiri' and value the style of devotion that consists of festival music and dance only, one of the key moments was apparently when the danjiri-bayashi Hono on the eve of festival of the Osaka Expo in 1970 was broadcast by Osaka Mainichi Broadcasting.
- 本著は先に挙げた先行の作者付を参考にして書かれ、『金春八左衛門書上』、そして『観世太夫書上』・『自家伝抄』の一部を重視し、『能本作者註文』・『歌謡作者考』を参照しつつ、加えて現在知られていない伝書の説も取り入れたと考えられている。
- It is thought that this book was written based on the prior sakushazuke, emphasizes parts of 'Konparu Hachizaemon Kakiage,' 'Kanze Dayu Kakiage' and 'Jika Densho,' and draws inspiration from 'Nohon Sakusha Chumon' and 'Kayo Sakusha Ko' in addition to incorporating the views of the texts now unknown.
- また、在地領主の支配の権限を職の体系と結びつける考え方、私的な「イエ」支配の延長線上に捉える考え方、地域の安全保障・公共機能の支配・維持者である「長老」としての役割を重視する考えかたなどを重視する考え方なども出されることとなった。
- Also, the following ideas were presented: to link the local lord's authority to control over the job system, to look at it as an extension of control by 'Ie' (Japanese private family system), to place emphasis on its role as a 'wise elder,' who was managed local security and public functions.
- 但し、池田はそれぞれの写本をどの分類に入れるかを決めるに当たってはそれぞれの写本の奥書(その写本がどのような写本からいつ誰によってどのように写されたのかといったことを記してある部分)の内容等のそれぞれの写本の外形的なものを重視した。
- To decide which manuscript should be classified into which group, IKEDA took seriously the outward form of the manuscript such as Okugaki (the part of the manuscript having information such as who made a copy, when it was made, which book it was copied from, etc.)
- 後の南都仏教の三論宗系の研究においては、この年が釈迦入滅後1501年目にあたり、末法元年となることや、『大集経』による500年ごとの区切りにおける像法第二時(多造塔寺堅固)元年にあたることなどが重視されたため、などの理由が考えられた。
- In research of the Sanron sect line in later Nanto Buddhism, there appeared the reasons that that year was the 1501st year after the death of Shakyamuni and the first year of Mappo (Age of the Final Dharma), and that it corresponded to the first year of the second segment (Tazo toji kengo [the age of building temples and stupas]) of Zobo (Age of the Semblance Dharma) based on the separation of 500-year periods in 'Mahsamnipata sutra.'
- 今日の歴史学界において、江戸時代の朝廷及び地下官人の研究を行う際には、その実態を重視して伝統的な公家名鑑類において定義付けられた「地下官人之棟梁」=両局という図式は採用せず、「地下官人之棟梁」=三催という位置付けで行われるようになっている。
- When today's historians refer to the Imperial Court and the lower ranking officials during the Edo period in their research, they customarily adopt the definition of 'the heads of the lower ranking officials = Sansa,' instead of 'the heads of the low ranked officials = Kyokumu and Kanmu,' adopted in the traditional court noble directories, to place the actual conditions first.
- 綱吉は小倉の勅命違反の事実を重視して小倉実起と嫡男の小倉公連、その弟の竹淵季件を佐渡国へと流刑を命じ、藪家や中園家といった小倉家の同族に対しても逼塞を命じた(なお、この処分が決定する直前に天和への改元が以前からの予定通りに実施されている)。
- Taking Ogura's failure to obey the imperial command seriously, Tsunayoshi ordered to banish Saneoki OGURA, his legitimate son Kintsura OGURA and Kintsura's younger brother Kiken TAKEBUCHI to Sado Province, and relatives of Ogura including the Yabu and Nakazono families under house arrest (incidentally, immediately before these punishments, the imperial era name had been changed to Tenwa as scheduled beforehand).
- しかし男性僧侶が在家女性信者に我が身を捧げる無上の供養として性交を強制し、破戒にもかかわらず男性僧侶が在家女性信者に性交を実践するなど性道徳が荒廃したため、仏教徒の間には後期密教を離れて戒律を重視する部派仏教(上座部仏教)への回帰もみられた。
- However, because of the ruined morals such as with male priests forcing lay female believers to have sexual intercourse as the best means of devoting their bodies, which they practiced despite the broken precepts, some Buddhists left the late-stage Mikkyo and returned to Theravada Buddhism, which valued the religious precepts.
- 一方で、蛤の汁が母乳に見立てられた点を重視し、これは母乳の持つ生命力の促進・回復の効能を期待して蘇生に利用したもので、神名の「ウム」から「母(おも)」が喚起され、そこから「母乳による蘇生」という1つの神話素が形成されたものと指摘する説もある。
- On the other hand, by focusing on the point that clam juice was used to resemble milk, there was a theory that it was used for resuscitation to expect acceleration of life force and efficacy of recovery that milk had, and one factor of mythology, 'resuscitation by milk' was created by arousing his Shinmyo 'Umu' by 'mother' (pronounce omo).
- 八省の卿のうち、最も高い中務卿は正四位上であるにも関わらず、造営卿の官位相当が最高で従二位とされ、また工事に動員された人士の監督のために造宮卿には大伴氏などの軍事を司ってきた氏族より任命されるなど、遷都に際して新しい宮殿の造営を重視していた。
- Construction of the new castle in the new capital was considered an important project--The head of Zogusho was given Junior Second Rank, as equivalent to its government post, which was the highest among all ministers, while the head of the Ministry of Central Affairs ranked Senior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade, which was the highest among the statutory eight ministries; besides, the head of Zogusho was appointed among military clans like the Otomo clan, as their ability to supervise the laborers mobilized for the construction project was counted on.
- しかし信長も、楽市楽座を大規模な施策とし、さらに琵琶湖などを中心とした流通による商業発展を目指すなど、やはり先見性のある内政を行なっていたといえる(流通による商業政策が重視されはじめたのは江戸時代後期であり、それまでは年貢が重視されていた)。
- However, it can be said that Nobunaga implemented visionary domestic administration such as a large-scale Rakuichi-rakuza and the intention in the development of commerce which emphasized a distribution system around Lake Biwa (the commercial policy emphasizing a distribution system began to be highly valued from the latter part of the Edo period, and nengu (land tax) had been emphasized.).
- このように家康は小判を基軸とする「両」の貨幣単位による通貨の全国統一を理想としたが、四進法の計算の煩雑性、実質を重視する観点などから秤量銀貨を使用する商人の力は依然として強大で権力で抑えるまでには至らず、既存の体系を其のまま踏襲する形となったとされる。
- Like that, Ieyasu's ideal was the unification of the currency of the whole country using currency unit'Ryo' based on Koban, however, he was forced to follow the existing system due to cumbersome calculation of quaternary and powerful merchants who used a silver-by-weight standard for real value reasons who couldn't be supressed by authority.
- 肥後藩では、教育方針をめぐり3派閥に分かれており、藩校での朱子学教育を中心とする学校党、横井小楠らが提唱した教育と政治の結びつきを重視する実学党、林桜園を祖とする国学・神道を基本とした教育を重視する勤皇党(河上彦斎・太田黒伴雄・加屋霽堅ら)が存在した。
- The Higo Domain was divided into three factions according to their education policies, namely, the Gakko-to party (school party) focusing on education based on the doctrines of Zhu Xi in domain schools, the Jitsugaku-to party (practical learning party) emphasizing the relation between education and politics, advocated by Shonan YOKOI and others, and the Kinno-to party (pro-Imperial party with Gensai KAWAKAMI, Tomoo OGURODA, Harukata KAYA and others) emphasizing education based on the study of Japanese literature and culture and Shintoism, founded by Oen HAYASHI.
- 明治維新後は皇后付き女官として政治的にも絶大な発言力を誇るようになり、建白書を多く書いたことから「建白女」とあだ名されるまでに至るが、儒教に根本を置く彼女の理想は、欧米文化を重視する新政府の方針と対立することが多く、次第に新政府要人から警戒されるようになる。
- After Meiji Restoration, she had an influential voice in politics and wrote many petitions that earned her a nickname 'petition lady' although because her ideas based on Confucianism conflicted with the new government's policy that placed importance on the cultures of Europe and America, the prominent people of the new government gradually stayed away from her.
- 以上の「神仏への崇敬」「公私における主従関係の徹底」「武芸を重視した教養の習得」「日常からの礼儀作法の厳守」という4点は、伊勢氏に限らず武家一般の基本的なあり方について論じている部分が多く、鎌倉幕府の北条重時による『北条重時家訓』と並んで後世に影響を与えた。
- The above four points: 'Reverence to God and Buddha,' 'Relationship between leaders and followers in private and public settings,' 'Education focusing on the military and cultural arts,' and 'Courtesy on a daily basis' are fundamental in the education of samurai families in general, not only the Ise clan, and the book greatly influenced later generations, along with 'Hojo Shigetoki Kakun' ('A family precept by Shigetoki HOJO').
- 諸学の導入が進むと、日本においては『日月星辰の運行・位置を考え五行思想相生相克の理による吉凶禍福を判じて未来を占い、人事百般の指針を得る』ことが重要であると考えられるようになり、吉凶を判断し行動規範を得るための方策として陰陽五行思想が重視されることとなった。
- As the introduction of these learnings progressed, a perception developed, whereby, to 'predict the future and receive guidance for everything concerning human life by studying the movements and positions of nichigetsuseishin (the sun, the moon, and the stars) and to judge good, bad, auspicious or harmful signs based upon the principles of gogyo and the way of productive and conflicting relationships in the natural world' became important and greater faith in the principles of inyo gogyo as a measure used to establish codes of conduct by judging good and bad fortunes.
- 織部や遠州の茶や庭園は利休のそれに比べると作意が強いといわれ、利休が作意をも自然らしさの中に含みこもうとしたのに対し、織部の鑑賞を重視した茶庭には、作意が表面に押し出され、飛石や畳石を打つときは大ぶりなもの、自然にあまり見られない異風なものを探し求めたとされる。
- It is said that the creativity was stronger in tea and garden of Oribe and Enshu than in those of Rikyu, who tried to incorporate even his intention in naturalness, while Oribe's intention was pushed out on the surface in view-emphasized Chatei, where large steppingstones and Tatamiishi stone (tatami rocks) were put, but something unusual custom in the nature was sought.
- だが、鎌倉幕府成立以後、武士階層が次第に政治力と自信をつけてくるにつれて朝廷や貴族による支配を拒絶する態度をより明確にするようになり、その中核をなした御家人などからは極端な官位昇進などを朝廷重視の姿勢の現れであると見なされ、後の暗殺事件への伏線になったとの説もある。
- However, after the Kamakura bakufu was established, as the samurai class gradually became influential in policies and confident, they clearly refused control by the Imperial Court and the nobility, and the main constituent gokenin considered the extreme promotion as an attitude favoring the Imperial Court, and this lead to the later assassination, according to one theory.
- また、いわゆる南都六宗の教学、さらに平安時代以降は、天台宗、真言宗などが同居して「八宗兼学」と呼ばれながら、なかでも重視した華厳経|華厳経学の中心地とも見られ、その教えを体現する本尊の東大寺盧舎那仏像|盧舎那仏像でもって、時の権力者や、庶民からの信仰をあつめてきた。
- In addition, Todai-ji Temple was regarded as a place for learning about the six sects in Nanto, and then as the center of the Kegon sect or study on the Kegon sect, on which emphasis was put in the Heian period and thereafter, when the temple was called a place for 'interdisciplinary study on the eight sects' including the Tendai and the Shingon sects, by attracting attention from people in power of the times and the common people with its principal image representing the philosophy, the statue of Birushana Buddha.
- 周の礼制を規範とする儒教では周の封建制を重視するが、官僚となり中央集権政治を担うようになった儒者たちにとって大きな矛盾をはらみ、たびたび封建論あるいは郡県論として論議された(ここでいう封建制・郡県制は歴史学上の実際のものではなく儒教思想上の理念として語られたものである)。
- Confucianism, which follows the example of the Li system of Zhou, put importance on the Hoken system of Zhou, but for confucianists who began to take part in centralized politics, the hoken system was very contradictory and was often discussed in the form of essay on the Hoken or Gun Ken system.
- 具体的には王心斎は、『孝経』と四書を重視したが、経書の注釈に拘らない自得の学問を説き、独特な「淮南格物」を主張したこと、古代を理想とする尚古思想をもっていたことがその思想的特徴といえるが、なによりも重要なのは、知識人層以外の階層に陽明学を広めることを己が責務としたことである。
- Specifically, Wang Xinzhai put emphasis on the 'Classic of Filial Piety', or 'Xiao Jing', and The Four Books but, ideologically, was characterized by preaching the teachings that he had learned himself without being obsessive about commentaries on the Classics, advocating his original idea of 'Junnan kakubutsu,' and maintaining a primitivism whereby he made the ancient times his ideal, but above all he made it his duty to propagate Yomeigaku outside of the intellectual classes.
- 従って、承久の乱を引き起こした後鳥羽天皇は非難され、逆に官軍を討伐した北条義時とその子北条泰時のその後の善政による社会の安定を評価して、「天照大神の意思に忠実だったのは泰時である」という一見矛盾した論理展開も見られるが、これも徳治を重視する親房から見れば、「正理」なのである。
- Consequently, Chikafusa is critical of Emperor Gotoba, who instigated the Jokyu War, and by contrast highly esteems the era of stability ushered in by the good government that began after the time of Yoshitoki HOJO and his son Yasutoki, who fought the loyalist forces into submission; the book also includes the seemingly contradictory assertion that 'the one that was truly faithful to the intentions of the Sun Goddess Amaterasu was Yasutoki,' but to Chikafusa, who placed such emphasis on virtuous rule, it must have seemed consistent and logical.
- 多くの人たちが、実際には知りもせず見たこともない共和国やら君主国を描いてきたのですが、人がどのように生きているかということと、どのように生きるべきかということは、大いに違っているので、為すべきことを重視して現に為すことを無視すると、たちまち我が身を守るどころか破滅してしまうのです。
- for many have pictured republics and principalities which in fact have never been known or seen, because how one lives is so far distant from how one ought to live, that he who neglects what is done for what ought to be done, sooner effects his ruin than his preservation;
- その一方で明治4年(1871年)に中央政府に復帰して下野するまでの2年間、上京当初抱いていた士族を中心とする「強兵」重視路線が、四民平等・廃藩置県を全面に押し出した木戸孝允・大隈重信らの「富国」重視路線によって斥けられた事に対する不満や反発が西郷の心中に全く無かったとも考えられない。
- Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that SAIGO might have resentment and antagonism toward the incident that a policy of placing a great importance on 'military buildup' mainly with the warrior class, which he had fostered during his early days in Tokyo for two years from his comeback to the central government in 1871 until he left the government, was defeated by a policy of placing a great importance on 'national enrichment' by Takayoshi KIDO and Shigenobu OKUMA, which emphasized the equality of all people and the abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures.
- さらに守護大名の戦国大名への移行や守護代・国人などによる下克上の風潮が広まると、武家たちは生き残りに必死で、形式補完的に用いていた陰陽道などはことさら重視せず、相次ぐ戦乱や戦国大名らの専横によって陰陽師の庇護者である朝廷のある京も荒れ果て、将軍も逃避することがしばしば見られるようになった。
- Additionally, as provincial military governors became daimyo (Japanese territorial lords) in the Sengoku period and the climate of gekokujo (an inverted social order when the lowly reigned over the elite) became widespread among shugodai (deputy military governors) and kokujin (local lords), samurai were desperately trying to survive and Onmyodo, which had been used as accessories for formal functions, were no longer seen as important; meanwhile, with Kyoto, which was home to the patron of the onmyoji, the Imperial Court, left devastated by a series of wars and the tyranny of the Sengoku daimyo, the sight of the shogun fleeing the capital became increasingly common.
- 外国との貿易を黒字化させて国内の金保有量を高め、さらには北方においてロシア帝国との貿易も行おうとしていたほか、平賀源内などと親交を持ち、蘭学を手厚く保護し、士農工商の別にとらわれない実力主義に基づく人材登用も試みたが、これらの急激な改革が身分制度や朱子学を重視する保守的な幕府閣僚の反発を買い、
- He tried to expand Japan's trade surplus, increase gold holdings, and open trade with the Russian Empire; he also made friends with Gennai HIRAGA and others, protected Western learning, and took on men of talent based on a merit system regardless of the hereditary four-class order consisting of warrior-rulers, peasants, artisans, and merchants (shinokosho), but these sudden reformations provoked a backlash among conservatives in the shogunate cabinet.
- こうした考えかたは、日本独自の芸という観念の確立、心境や境地を特に重視する芸術観の尊重、芸系のたしかな伝承、芸が芸にとどまらず思索性を持つことによる内容の深化など、さまざまな効果をもたらしたが、一方で芸の世界における事大主義、神秘主義、普遍性の否定、通に代表される特殊な閉鎖性を生むことにもなった。
- On the one hand, this way of thinking had various positive effects such as the establishment of ideas regarding Gei that are peculiar to Japan, respect for artistic views that place special importance on one's feelings and mental state, the correct passing on of arts knowledge from one generation to the next, and the deepening of arts not only through acquisition of its skills but also by speculation; on the other hand, it had a number of negative effects, such as worship of the powerful in the world of arts, mysticism, denial of universality, and development of a uniquely closed nature as represented by tsu (experts at certain arts).
- 武士の起源については、従来は新興地方領主層が自衛の必要から武装した面を重視する説が主流であったが、近年は清和源氏や桓武平氏のような軍事貴族や下級官人層から構成される戦士身分が起源であり、彼らが平安後期の荘園公領制成立期から荘園領主や国衙と結びついて所領経営者として発展していったとみる説が提唱されている。
- As for the origin of bushi, the theory that the class of emerging local lords were armed because of a need for self-defense was traditionally mainstream, but recently a theory proposed that its origin is the warrior status which consisted of the military aristocrats such as Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) or Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) or lower-ranking government officials and they were linked with the owners of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) or kokuga from the formation period of shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates) and developed into the managers of the shoryo (territory).
- これらの外国語学校は外交・貿易・布教など海外活動実務者の養成機関として位置づけられ、旧制高等学校 - 帝国大学進学者にとって必須の教養であった英語・フランス語・ドイツ語のみならず、中国語・ロシア語・スペイン語・ポルトガル語・マレー語・印度諸言語など、よりマイナーな語学の教育を重視していたという点に特徴がある。
- Those schools of foreign languages were positioned as institutes for training of people who would conduct some activities in foreign countries such as diplomatic activities, trading or missionary work, and what characterized those schools was that they emphasized education of minor languages such as Chinese, Russian, Spanish, Portuguese, Malay and Indian languages other than English, French, and German, the essential academic subjects for those who intend to enter Imperial universities from senior high schools (old education system).
- 現代武道が技の錬磨以上に人間形成と体育的見地からの心身の鍛錬を目的として技術の体系を構築し、また競技、試合を重視しているのに対し(例:柔道、剣道)、古武道は基本的に試合での勝敗を目的とせず(流派によっては他流試合を禁じていた)、実際に身を守り暮らす事や、武士としての使命を果たすための鍛錬などが目的とされていた。
- While gendai budo establishes the systems of the arts and places emphasis on competitions or matches for the purpose of disciplining mind and body from the point of view of the human development and physical education more than polishing the arts (for example, judo, kendo), the fundamental purpose of kobudo was not winning a match (some of the schools had forbidden trainees from competing in the contest between different schools), but defending themselves actually to live or disciplining themselves to carry out their missions as samurai.
- 残忍な気質、敵意と恨み、あらゆる情念のなかでも一番反社会的で忌まわしいものである嫉妬、偽善と不誠実、不適当な原因での激怒と挑発にそぐわない憤怒、他人に威張りたがること、利益の自分の分け前以上に独占しようとする欲望(ギリシア語のπλεονεξια貪欲)、他人を貶めることから満足を得る傲慢、自分と自分に関することを他のなにより重視し、自分に都合よくあらる不確かな問題を決定する自己中心癖、こうしたものは道徳的悪行であり、悪しき嫌悪すべき性格を作るのです。
- Cruelty of disposition; malice and ill-nature; that most anti-social and odious of all passions, envy; dissimulation and insincerity, irascibility on insufficient cause, and resentment disproportioned to the provocation; the love of domineering over others; the desire to engross more than one's share of advantages (the of the Greeks); the pride which derives gratification from the abasement of others; the egotism which thinks self and its concerns more important than everything else, and decides all doubtful questions in its own favour;―these are moral vices, and constitute a bad and odious moral character: