Honyaku Star - Search: 重なる

重なる: 195 Terms and Phrases

重なる
main
principal
important
to be piled up
to lie on top of one another
to come one after another
to happen over and over
to pile up (e.g. stress)
to accumulate
to overlap (each other)
to occur at the same time
to happen simultaneously
ride

度重なる
to repeat
to be frequent

折り重なる
to lie on top of one another
to be in a heap
fold
lap

積み重なる
to accumulate
pile
stack

度重なる公演
a repeated performance

重なるイメージ
an overlying image

コードが重なる
stack in cords

不幸は重なるもの
It never rains but it pours.

活動の度重なる爆発
repeated bursts of activity

不幸は重なるものだ。
Misfortunes always come in threes.

私たちの休暇は重なる
Our vacations overlap

明治以後の三府と重なる。
They correspond to Sampu (the Three Urban Prefectures), the administrative designation introduced since the Meiji Period and later.

短母音のあとで子音は重なる
The consonant reduplicates after a short vowel

上下のまぶたが重なる眼の角
either of the corners of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet

積み重なる（借金または負債）
pile up (debts or scores)

折り重なる、あるいは崩壊する
fold or collapse

Andropogon属と重なる
overlaps the genus Andropogon

掃部寮と職掌が重なる部分もある。
Its official duties partially overlapped those of Kamonryo (Bureau of Housekeeping).

いくつかの分類でエリムス属と重なる属
genus that in some classifications overlaps the genus Elymus

先生はトムのたび重なる欠席を心配した。
The teacher was worried by Tom's frequent absences from class.

教師はトムのたび重なる欠席を心配した。
The teacher was worried by Tom's frequent absence from class.

連続した回転が前の回転に重なる傾斜包帯
an oblique bandage in which successive turns overlap preceding turns

日曜は、定休（祝日と重なるときも休業）。
Sunday/Closed (Holiday Sunday as well).

10年に1度「臨時勅使奉幣祭」と重なる。
The event coincides with the 'Rinji Chokushi Hoei-sai' (the festival of provisional hohei (offering a wand with hemp and paper streamers to a Shinto god) by Imperial envoy) once every ten years.

度重なる回転と屈曲によって特徴づけられる
marked by repeated turns and bends

私の誕生日とあなたの誕生日が、偶然重なる。
My birthday coincides with yours.

ハッテラス岬では、度重なる嵐が船を破壊する
frequent storms drive ships to their destruction on Cape Hatteras

7が重なる日であるため「双七」とも呼ばれた。
As July 7 is the day which seven is doubled, it was also called 'soshichi' (double seven).

ハマグリの旬が時雨の降る時期と重なることから
Second, the best time of year for clams coincides with the times when shigure falls.

これらのたび重なる失敗で彼の大望がくじけた。
His ambition was blasted by these repeated failures.

閉めたときに重なる水平の板でできたブラインド
a window blind made of horizontal strips that overlap when closed

市域の一部が上記の一部跡地と重なることに由来。
The name of Nagaokakyo City originated from Nagaoka-kyo mentioned above because the area of the city partly corresponds to the old capital.

毎週木曜日（春・夏休みや祝日と重なる場合は営業）
Thursdays (except during the spring and summer breaks and statutory holidays that fall on Thursday)

中心軸の周りで回転する、巻きつく、折り重なる行為
the act of turning or winding or folding around a central axis

さらに新居浜に煙害問題があり、宰平弾劾が重なる。
In addition, there was a smoke pollution problem occurring in Niihama, and the call for impeaching Saihei was doubled.

勘平「彼奴を殺さば不忠の上に重なる罪科、最早明け方
Kanpei: If I had killed him, it would mean that I had committed more crime, adding to the disloyalty, but now it's the break of dawn.

しかし、家康の度重なる盟約違反により有名無実化した。
However, the council system became merely nominal through Ieyasu's frequent covenant violations.

また同時に藤原忠実・忠通父子の家司だった時期と重なる。
At the same time, Tomonobu also served as Keishi of FUJIWARA no Tadazane and his son Tadamichi.

市名は長岡京にちなみ、長岡京の南部と一部市域が重なる。
Nagaokakyo City was named after Nagaoka-kyo (imperial capital), and the part of the city corresponds to the southern part of Nagaoka-kyo,

飛鳥時代（あすかじだい）は、古墳時代の終末期と重なる。
The Asuka Period is a period in Japanese history, stretching from the end of the 6th century to the beginning of the 8th century, during which the capital was located in a place named Asuka.

発育中の鶏胚の度重なる文化により微生物を修正するために
to modify microorganisms by repeated culture in the developing chick embryo

しかし応仁の乱をはじめ度重なる火災により堂塔は焼失した。
However, the halls and pagodas were destroyed by the repeated fires of the Onin War.

喫煙者であり、沢庵の度重なる諫言にも関わらず吸い続けた。
He was a heavy smoker; he did not give up smoking despite repeated advice from Takuan.

玉鬘系の巻はしばしば紫上系の巻と時間的に重なる描写がある。
The Tamakazura series often has descriptions that are parallel in time with those of the Murasaki no Ue series.

統合によってできた府県境は、令制国のものと重なる部分も多い。
Many borders between prefectures that were created by the mergers corresponded to those of ryoseikoku (provinces in old days).

のちに5が重なるこの月の5日が端午の節句の日になったという。
Later, May 5 was determined as the day for Tango no sekku because May 5 has two of the number '5,' which was considered as a good omen.

陽数の極限の数字である「九」が重なるという意味で重陽という。
It is also known as the 'Double Ninth Festival' as the date contains two of the positive (yang) number nine.

ボタンの2つの離れた列に十分に重なるフロントを持つジャケット
a jacket having fronts that overlap enough for two separate rows of buttons

ほぼ天智天皇の治世と重なることから天智朝とも呼ばれる事がある。
This period is also called the era of Emperor Tenchi because the reign of Emperor Tenchi almost coincides with this period.

最初は歓迎されていたのに長居や重なる出没で嫌がられるようになる
wear out one's welcome

度重なる注入、または、鉄を含む食物の過剰摂取がもたらす血色素症
hemochromatosis resulting from repeated transfusions or from excessive intake of foods containing iron

このため、黄砂の飛来と雨が重なると、雨を中性・酸と塩基に変える。
Therefore, when the flying kosa meets rain, the rain is neutralized because acid and base are produced.

これら度重なる内部抗争により多くの血が流れ、才能が消散してゆく。
These repetitive internal conflicts resulted in blood and talents' disappearance.

度重なる火災のため、境内には室町時代の再建による本堂のみが残る。
As a result of numerous fires, only the main hall rebuilt during the Muromachi period remains in the temple precinct.

羽状に別れた葉状体は、触れられた際に折り重なるわずかな傾向を示す
pinnately divided fronds show a slight tendency to fold when touched

ここに来ての西郷の軟化は、和宮などの度重なる歎願のためであった。
Saigo changed and softened his attitude abruptly because of the continuous petitions by Princess Kazunomiya and others.

上記の通り戦国時代は室町時代・安土桃山時代と重なる年代区分である。
As described above, the Sengoku Period is a chronological period that overlaps with the Muromachi and Azuchi-Momoyama Periods.

かつ斎宮の制度を確立した天武天皇の壬申の乱の際の進軍ルートに重なる
Furthermore, it overlaps the route taken during the Jinshin War by the army of Emperor Tenmu, who established the system of saigu (where an unmarried princess was sent by the reigning emperor to serve at the Ise-jingu Shrine).

弥生時代末期から古墳時代前期にかけてであり、邪馬台国の時期と重なる。
The evidences of the remains suggest that the possible period of the presence of the village is from the final stage of the Yayoi period to the early Tumulus period, which overlaps with the period of the reign of Yamataikoku.

文禄・慶長年間以後に成立した家々（ほぼ江戸時代のそれと重なる）を指す。
Shinke refers to families established after the Bunroku and Keicho periods (i.e. a period roughly corresponding to the Edo period).

ホット&コールド自販機の誕生と重なるこの時期は業者間の競争も激化した。
During this period, that coincided with the time when hot and cold vending machines were invented, competition among dealers was intensifying.

そのため宮中の施設管理・維持を行う主殿寮と職掌が重なるところがあった。
Therefore, some of its official duties overlapped with those of Tonomo-ryo (Bureau of Grounds) which managed and maintained facilities in the Imperial Court.

度重なる水害にかかわらず人々が去らなかったのはこの恵みによるものである。
Because of these benefits from this, people did not leave the area despite recurring floods.

『明六雑誌』が発行されていた時期は、ちょうど自由民権運動の初期と重なる。
The period when 'Meiroku Zasshi' was published overlapped the first stage of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement.

これらの度重なる敗北により義村の権威は失墜し、逆に村宗の勢力は拡大した。
Yoshimura's influence waned as a result of these repeated defeats whereas, Muramune's power grew.

休館日毎月第2水曜、祝日（日曜と重なる場合は翌日）、年末年始、資料整理期間
Closed: The second Wednesday every month; National Holidays (if it comes on Sunday, then the next day); the year end and the New Year days; inventory period

たび重なる強訴の要因の一つには、後白河の園城寺に対する露骨な優遇があった。
Goshirakawa treated Onjo-ji Temple extraordinary well and it was cause for people to make pleas on many occasions.

その中でも数字が重なる5月5日を「端午の節句」と呼ぶようになったともいう。
Especially because the day May 5 consists of two fives, the day came to be called as 'Tango no sekku.'

度重なる長期の神経圧縮（通常、炎症または膨張になりやすい間接付近の神経で）
repeated and long-term nerve compression (usually in nerves near joints that are subject to inflammation or swelling)

だが、社会問題の深刻化は度重なる新制の効力を無力化させて、衰退をもたらした。
However, social problems that were becoming more serious disabled the effect of the series of shinsei and brought about its decline.

また、度重なる戦争のため、時代の変化とともに収入が滞ることが多くなっていく。
Also because of the repeated wars and the change of the times, they often lost their source of income.

明智藪　由良川の流れを曲げ、度重なる氾濫防止と水運交易発展のために築いた堤防。
Akechiyabu (dike): this dike bent the stream of the Yura-gawa River to prevent frequent floods and for the development of trade by water transportation.

「武家と町家に日頃から遺恨重なる旗本の、白柄組に引けをとるわけにはいかない。」
He determines to go there, saying, 'There has been a bitter grudge between the samurai class and ordinary people, so, we should not feel inferior to Shiratsuka-gumi, hatamoto.

度重なる戦乱にも残った本堂とも結びつき厄除、招福のおかめ信仰につながっている。
These are related to the main hall as it has survived numerous conflicts and is connected to the belief that Okame wards off evil and invites good luck.

内側のドアで、（ヒンジで上下に動くのではなく）断面の折り返しが重なることで開く
an interior door that opens by folding back in sections (rather than by swinging on hinges)

また内容の1部が第5類と重なることもあって、第4類のなかでも特殊な写本である。
Additionally, a portion of the content is similar to class 5, and it is a unique manuscript in the context of class 4.

II期官衙はI期の建物を取り壊し、これと重なる位置に真北を基準にして造営された。
The stage II kanga was established, on the standard of true north, where the destroyed stage I buildings were.

スサノオとは支配領域やエピソードが一部重なることから、同一神説を唱える者もいる。
Some consider that Tsukuyomi and Susanoo are identical, because their ruling areas and episodes are somewhat the same.

16世紀後半の度重なる兵火を受けて堂宇を焼失したが、豊臣秀吉によって再興された。
The temple building was burned down in frequent fires caused by war in the late 16th century, but was reconstructed by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.

ジュピター神は、カエルの度重なる申し立てに、腹を立て、今度は、サギを送り込んだ。
Jupiter, displeased with all their complaints, sent a Heron,

（折りたたみナイフが折り重なるように）折りたたんで柄になる鋸歯状の刃を持つのこぎり
a saw with a toothed blade that folds into a handle (the way a pocketknife folds)

鋳造時期は慶長大判と重なるが、豊臣家によるものであることから天正大判の範疇に入れられる。
Although during the same period, 'the Keicho oban' had been minted as well, the Daibutsu oban is categorized into the Tensho oban because it was minted by the order of the Toyotomi family.

同じように、奇数の月番号と日番号が重なる3月3日、7月7日、9月9日も節句になっている。
Just like the above, the days of the odd numbered months on which the month number and the date number are the same (i.e. March 3, July 7 and September 9) are also determined as sekku.

その途上たび重なる落武者狩りの襲撃を受け、朝長・義隆・重成は深手を負い亡くなってしまう。
While fleeing, they were often attacked, and Asanaga, Yoshitaka and Shigenari died from injuries sustained during this time.

しかし、幕府や公武合体派の度重なる要求についに和宮が折れ、熾仁親王との婚約は解消された。
However, Princess Kazunomiya finally gave in to the frequent requests from the shogunate and the party of advocating Kobu-Gattai which unites the court and the shogunate, and canceled her engagement with the Prince Taruhito.

建暦3年（1213年）5月2日、度重なる執権北条義時の挑発に対し、父の義盛は挙兵を決意。
On May 30, 1213, Yoshihide's father Yoshimori decided to take up arms against a regent Yoshitoki HOJO, for Yoshitoki's repeated provocation.

休み山（焼山･やけやま）･･･度重なる大火や各山鉾町の事情によって現在は巡行していない山鉾
Yasumi yama (Yake yama) (nonparticipating floats): floats currently absent from the parade due to repetative large fires occurring and under the circumstances of Yamahokocho.

幾層も重なるガラスを前とする一種の温室の緑の革椅子に腰を下ろしたぼくらは、街へと出発した。
Sitting down behind many layers of glass in a sort of green leather conservatory, we started to town.

但し、近年では時代が重なる古墳時代の方が一般的となり、余り使われなくなった時代区分でもある。
In recent years, however, this term has become used less often, and the term 'Kofun Period', which coincides with the Yamato Period, is now commonly used (kofun is the Japanese word for ancient burial mounds).

陰陽思想では奇数は陽の数であり、陽数の極である9が重なる日であることから「重陽」と呼ばれる。
According to inyo-shiso (a Chinese ideology of dual cosmic forces, the active and passive), odd numbers are regarded as active numbers, among which the number nine is the ultimate, so that dual nine (September 9) means the highest level of activeness and is written in Chinese characters as 'cho' (meaning 'doubled') and 'yo' (meaning 'activeness').

奇数の重なる月日は陽の気が強すぎるため不吉とされ、それを払う行事として節句が行なわれていた。
Any month and date of dual odd numbers was considered ominous due to its extraordinary active energy.

ヒノキの開花期はスギより遅れるものの、やや重なるため、患者が症状を呈する期間も長引く傾向がある。
Despite the fact that the anthesis of Japanese cypress trees is later than for Japanese cedar trees, they produce slightly more pollen which prolongs the duration for which patients exhibit symptoms.

これは、度重なる朝鮮半島への出兵の軍事的・経済的負担が重くのしかかって反乱となったと考えられる。
This incident demonstrated that the repeated troop deployment to the Korean peninsula caused severe militaristic and economic burdens upon the local ruling families in Japan; this would lead to the rebellion attempted by Iwai, and was considered to be a byproduct of these warring excursions.

一方で、安心論争による宗門の混乱や度重なる事業が本願寺財政を悪化させ、次代に多額の負債を残した。
On the other hand, the confusion in the doctrine by the Anjin dispute and a series of businesses worsened the financial situation in Hongan-ji Temple and left a huge amount of debts to the next generation.

祭祀を行なう時期（春と秋）が農耕神（田の神・山の神）と重なることから両者の関係が指摘されている。
Yashiki-gami are identified as being related to agriculture gods (field gods and mountain gods), as the times in which they are worshipped (autumn and spring) coincide with one another.

大阪のは、現在の大阪市西成区天下茶屋付近であったが、戦後の度重なる区画整理などによって消滅した。
The one in Osaka was near present day Tengachaya in Nishinari Ward, Osaka City; however, it disappeared in the countless post-war re-drawings of ward boundaries.

義光は断ったが度重なる要求に折れ、十五歳になったら娘を山形から京へと嫁がせると約束する羽目に陥る。
Although Yoshimitsu kept refusing, he was consequently forced into promising to have Komahime marry into Kyoto from Yamagata when Komahime turned fifteen years old.

文久2年（1862年）徳川幕府の度重なる要請により奥医師兼西洋医学所頭取として、江戸に出仕する。
1862: Moved to Edo to serve as an inner doctor assigned to the Tokugawa family and head of the School of Western Medical Science in response to the Tokugawa Shogunate's repeated requests.

日本の半分以上の地域では桜の開花時期が4月と、つまり会社や学校などの年度始めや学校の新学期と重なる。
In more than half the areas of Japan, the blooming period is April, which coincides with the beginning of the fiscal year for companies and the start of a new school year for Japanese schools.

董其昌によれば、院体画の系譜は北宗画（北画）とほぼ重なり、文人画の系譜は南宗画（南画）とほぼ重なる。
According to Dong Qichang, the history of Intaiga for the most part, overlaps with that of Hokusoga (the northern school of Chinese painting), and the history of Bunjinga for the most part, overlaps with that of the southern school of Chinese painting.

源氏物語を読みふけり、物語世界への憧憬に過ごした少女時代、度重なる身内の死去によって見た厳しい現実。
She describes her young girlhood when she had been absorbed in reading the Tale of Genji and her yearning for the world of that story, and the grim reality that she faced by the repeated deaths of her family and people close to her.

だが、多くの死傷者と度重なる非常特別税などの増税に苦しんだ民衆の不満は日比谷焼討事件となって爆発した。
However, since many were killed or injured in the war and people suffered from repeated tax increase such as emergency special taxes, their frustration and fury led to the Hibiya Incendiary Incident.

こうした度重なる転封によって元々病弱であった信吉は体調を崩し、篠山移封の翌年に京都の藩邸にて病死した。
With these several transfers, Nobuyoshi, who had a weak constitution, became ill and died in his residence in Kyoto in the next year of being transferred to Shinoyama.

これは後金の度重なる侵入に苦しむ朝鮮側が日本の後ろ盾があるように見せかけたかったためであるとされている。
It is said that the reason was as follows: At that time, Korea suffered from frequent invasions of Kokin, and the Korean side wanted to show Kokin that Korea had the support of Japan.

これらの町組は、その後たび重なる変遷を経て、明治25年（1892年）には計28 の「学区」に組織された。
After several changes were made these town societies were reorganized into a total of 28 'school districts' in 1892.

その後の度重なる交渉により、島主歳遣船は30隻にまで回復していたが、丁未約条では再び25隻に削減される。
Through repeated negotiations thereafter, the toshu saikensen increased in number to 30, but, they were reduced to 25 again by the Teibi Yakujo.

このときの周防国は、重なる戦乱は終ったものの、その被害からの復旧もままならず、民衆は飢餓に苦しんでいた。
At that time, the people in Suo Province were suffering famine under the devastation caused by a series of wars, which finally ended.

*よくある保護理由** 度重なる荒らし** 度重なるスパム投稿** 非生産的な編集合戦** 高負荷ページ
*Common protection reasons** Excessive vandalism** Excessive spamming** Counter-productive edit warring** High traffic page

朝鮮側の史書『三国史記』からも度重なる倭の侵攻や新羅や百済が倭に王子を人質に差し出していたことが知られる。
A Korean history book, 'Samguk Sagi' (History of the Three Kingdoms), also provided evidence of these same events; there were details describing repeated invasions into the Korea Kingdoms by Wa and the taking hostage of the princes of Silla and Paekche.

陵墓は諸陵司(諸陵寮)・送葬音楽は鼓吹司の管轄であったため重なる部分が多く､808年に鼓吹司に併合された。
Imperial tombs and funeral music were under the jurisdiction of Shoryoshi (Mausolea Office) (Shoryoryo [Bureau of Mausolea]) and Kosuishi (Drums and Fifes Office) respectively, and there was significant crossover between work of Sogishi and that of them, so sogishi was absorbed into Kosuishi in 808.

鯨の到来と魚群の到来が重なる事から、クジラには霊力があると考え、漁の水先案内として利用していた経緯がある。
Since the influx of whales and the influx of schools of fish coincide, whales were believed to have spiritual power, and were used as pilots.

明治天皇の度重なる要請に折れ東京に移ったのは、息子・忠房が死んだ後の明治11年（1878年）のことである。
It was in 1878 when he finally accepted Emperor Meiji's repeated invitations and moved to Tokyo after the death of his son, Tadafusa.

死去までに度重なる加増で六十俵四人扶持（四公六民の税率で考えると150石分の価値がある）までになっている。
Until his death, his stipend was repeatedly increased up to that of sixty bales for forty people (worth of one hundred and fifty koku in the tax rate of shiko-rokumin [forty percent for the government and sixty percent for citizens, land tax system during the Edo period]).

しかし、この間の度重なる松竹の冷遇を糾弾する声明を発表するとともに、同年6月26日付で阪東は松竹を脱退した。
However, Bando left Shochiku as of June 26, 1930 and released a statement criticizing Shochiku's repeated discriminations.

紙の年代が成立時期に重なることから、これが『今昔物語集』として最初に書かれた原本そのものである可能性もある。
Given that the paper of the Suzuka manuscript was produced during the same period in which the collection appeared, there is a possibility that it is the actual first, original text of 'The Collection of Tales of Times Now Past.'

三井寺は、歴史上、たび重なる焼き討ちの被害に遭ったにも関わらず、仏像、仏画、文書など多くの文化財を伝えている。
Although Mii-dera Temple historically suffered from attacks and burnings set repeatedly, many Buddha statues, Buddhist paintings, documents and so on are preserved.

北極点または南極点の観測者から見ると、春分の太陽はちょうど地平線と重なるようにして動き、上ることも沈むこともない。
If a person makes observations at the North or South Pole, the vernal equinox sun will appear to be moving right along the horizon; not rising or sinking.

北極点または南極点の観測者から見ると、秋分の太陽はちょうど地平線と重なるようにして動き、上ることも沈むこともない。
If a person makes observations at the North or South Pole, the Autumnal Equinox sun will appear to be moving right along the horizon; not rising or sinking.

なお、成立・作者にかんしては『保元物語』の保元物語成立・保元物語作者と重なる点がおおいので、そちらも参照されたい。
See the section on the writing process of 'Hogen Monogatari' to learn more about the writing process and authorship; there are many overlaps between Hogen Monogatari and Heiji Monogatari, particularly in regard to the writing process and authorship.

しかし度重なる家康との交渉が、現実が見えない淀殿や大野治長らの内通疑惑を招き、遂に且元は豊臣氏から退去するに至った。
However, the frequent talks with Ieyasu fanned suspicion in Yodo-dono (Lady Yodo) and Harunaga ONO who were unable to assess the truth of their state of affairs, resulting in Katsumoto being forced out of the Toyotomi camp.

安本美典は、天皇の平均在位年数などから推定すると、卑弥呼が生きていた時代とアマテラスが生きていた時代が重なるという。
Biten YASUMOTO claims that, considering the average periods of the various emperors' reigns, the era of Himiko overlaps with the era of Amaterasu.

幕府関係者のみならず朝廷からの度重なる説得の末、ようやくその年の12月に二条城において第15代将軍拝命の宣旨を受ける。
After being urged not only by people connected to the Shogunate but also repeatedly by the Imperial court, he finally accepted the appointment of 15th Shogun at Nijo-jo Castle in December of that year.

外側の袋で包むとき折り返しが上下にあるが、まず、下からの折り返しを折って、それから上からの折り返しが重なるようにする。
When you insert the naka-bukuro into the outer envelope (koden-bukuro), you should fold back the lower end of the koden-bukuro first and then fold back the upper end so that the upper end overlaps the folded-back lower end.

しかし、度重なる西欧列強との戦争によって、次々と朝貢国を喪失していき華夷秩序を維持することは事実上困難となっていった。
However, it became impossible because the Qing dynasty continuously lost its chokokoku after several wars between Western countries.

深夜なども深い静寂な夜は、常世と重なることから、現実には存在しない怪異のものが現れる時刻を、「丑三つ時」と呼び恐れた。
Midnight, especially a deeply silent night, was considered to be overlapping tokoyo, so the time when something mysterious that did not exist in reality appeared was called 'ushimitsudoki' (the third quarter of the hour of the Ox (approximately 3:00 to 3:30 a.m.)), and people were afraid of the time.

一般的には、ドラマなどの影響で信長からの度重なるイジメが原因だとする理解が多いが、それらは根拠のないフィクションである。
Partly because of dramas, many persons understand that the cause of the incident was repeated harassment by Nobunaga, but it is just a fiction without any ground.

父・三条公頼の斬殺、義信の謀反、信親の盲目、信之の夭折、黄梅院の離縁と27歳にしての病死など、度重なる不運に見舞われた。
She experienced a series of misfortunes, including the death of her father, Kinyori SANJO, by the sword; the revolt of Yoshinobu; Nobuchika's loss of eyesight; Nobuyuki's early death; and Obaiin's divorce and death at the age of twenty-seven.

直垂の着用が許されたのは四位以上の武士に限られたが、これはほぼ幕閣を輩出する有力譜代大名、国持大名、御三家、将軍に重なる。
The hitatare was allowed to be worn by samurai ranked at Shii (Fourth Rank) and above, but this applied to those where the high officials of bakufu appeared in great numbers, such as the powerful daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) in hereditary vassals to the Tokugawa family, daimyo having a domain of one province or more, the Three families of the shogun, and the shogun himself.

この点につき『学問のすすめ』や『文明論之概略』の執筆時期と重なるとはいえ、少なすぎると指摘する研究もある（戸沢1991）。
Some researches pointed out that this number of his articles were too small even though they were written in the same period when he was writing 'Gakumon no susume' and 'Bunmeiron no gairyaku' (An Outline of a Theory of Civilization).

なお、日本の官印は、その使用時期がちょうど隋・唐に重なることからその影響を強く受けており、唐印によく似たものとなっている。
Also, Japanese kanin were strongly influenced by those in the Sui and Tang Dynasties as they were used during the same time as those periods, and look similar to the seals in the Tang Dynasty.

この後日本は紆余曲折を経て度重なる条約締結により朝鮮王朝(大韓帝国)の保護国化と1910年朝鮮併合へ至る道を進むこととなる。
Subsequently Japan made its way to creating the Korean Dynasty (The Korean Empire) a protected state and Annexation of Korea in 1910 through conclusions of treaties many times after complicated negotiations.

近藤の度重なる女性関係の浪費に、隊費管理の責任者として難色や苦言を呈したために、排除対象人物とされ、粛清に進展した、という説。
Because he showed his reluctance or gave Kondo critical comments against Kondo's lavish expenditure for his women as the person responsible for to control expenses of the group, which led to Kawai's being purged.

しかし、その後も拾阿弥は利家に対し度重なる侮辱を繰り返したため、利家は許可なしに信長の面前で拾阿弥を斬殺し、織田家を出奔する。
But because Juami repeated persistent insults toward Toshiie even after that, Toshiie cut Juami to death in the presence of Nobunaga without his permission, and he ran away from the Oda family.

だが、度重なる政変で多くの親王・王_(皇族)が粛清されていったために専ら酒を飲んで日々を過ごす事で凡庸を装っていたといわれている。
However, as many imperial princes and princes (members of Imperial family) were purged in a series of political changes, it is said that he pretended to be a mediocre person, spending most of the time drinking.

改易の理由には領内悪政、嫡男とされる小川祐滋が石田三成と入魂であったまた度重なる内応の経歴を快く思われず、などというものも伝わる。
It is said that this change of fate was due to his poor administration over his domain, the close relationship between his first son, Sukeshige OGAWA, and Mitsunari ISHIDA, and his switching sides repeatedly.

近年、中世の河原者の居住地と、近世の被差別民の居住地が重なる例が京都や奈良を中心に報告され、部落の起源論争の大きな焦点となっている。
Cases have been reported mainly in Kyoto and Nara, in which the domicile of the Kawaramono in the Medieval Period coincided with those who were discriminated in modern times, while reported cases focused on the controversy of the origin of Buraku (discriminated hamlet).

その後も、地元の人々や観光関係者たちがこの桜並木を大切に育て、たび重なる豪雪やがけ崩れによる被害のさいにも黙々と補植し、守り続けた。
After that, local people and people engaged in tourism fostered this sakura-namiki carefully and, when it was damaged by repeated heavy snowfall and mud and rock slide, they planted to supplement silently and continued to protect the sakura-namiki.

彼は妹定子と相携えて離れず、度重なる勅命にも抗い、数日間膠着状態が続いたが、5月1日早朝になって、朝廷は宣旨を降し中宮御所の捜索を聴許。
Korechika and his younger sister Teishi clung closely together and resisted the repeated imperial orders; the situation ended in several days of stalemate, but eventually in the early morning of May 25, the Imperial Court issued a senji to raid the chugu gosho (empress's palace; Nijo-Kitamiya).

安倍氏は頼義に対し終始優勢のうちに戦いを続けたが秋田仙北の俘囚主清原氏が度重なる頼義の要請に応えて参戦すると、これを支えきれず貞任は敗北。
The Abe clan continued to predominate over Yoriyoshi throughout all battles, but after the Kiyohara clan, the master of Fushu in Senboku of Akita, participated in the war after accepting Yoriyoshi's repeated requests, Sadato was unable to continue fighting, and was defeated.

第3代古河公方足利高基は初め「高氏」と名乗ったが、初代将軍足利尊氏の初名と重なるために後に初代鎌倉公方・基氏の片諱より「高基」と改名した）。
The third Koga kubo, Takamoto ASHIKAGA, had initially borne the name 'Takauji', but this coincided with the original name of the first Shogun, Takauji ASHIKAGA. Therefore, he later changed his name to 'Takamoto' (高基), which contained the character (Moto), taken from the personal name of the first Kamakura kubo, Motouji.

最盛期の法金剛院には九体阿弥陀堂、丈六阿弥陀堂、待賢門院の御所などが立ち並んでいたというが、度重なる災害により、壮観だった当時の面影はない。
At the height of the Hokongo-in Temple's prosperity, it included buildings such as the Kutai-Amida-do (temple of nine states Amitabha), Joroku Amida-do (temple of statue of about five-meter-high Amitabha) and Taikenmonin's palace, but repeated disasters have left it with no trace of its former glory.

白檀は輸出禁制品であったが、観音正寺の住職が、20数回インドを訪れ、たび重なる交渉の後、特例措置として日本への輸出が認められたものであるという。
Sandalwood was banned from export but allowed to export to Japan as a special measure after many rounds of negotiation by the chief priest of Kannonsho-ji Temple, who visited India over 20 times for that.

正平13年/延文3年（1358年）年には尊氏が死去するが、南朝勢力も幕府の度重なる攻勢の前に衰微し、大内、山名らも幕府に降り、直冬党は瓦解する。
Although Takauji died in 1358, the power of the Southern Court also declined as it had repeatedly been under attack from the bakufu, and with OUCHI and YAMANA also surrendering to the bakufu, the Tadafuyu faction collapsed.

これは親成が水野勝成に召抱えられた際、訓みは違うものの｢成｣の字が重なることを避け、親成自身または子孫が｢重｣に改めたのではないかともいわれる。
Some say that he or his descendants might have changed the character '成' of his name to '重' when he was employed by Katsunari MIZUNO, in order to avoid having the same character as his lord, though it was read differently.

980年（天元 (日本)3年）には勅願所となり、多くの伽藍を有する寺院であったが、天台宗内における内紛やその後の度重なる兵火などにより寺運は衰えた。
In 980 it was appointed as the place for imperial prayer, which had many temple buildings, but the temple's fortune declined because of an internal conflict within Tendai Sect and later several fires caused by war.

度重なる通商要求を拒絶した日本に対し、元 (王朝)（現在のモンゴルにあたる当時の王朝国）は文永11年（1274年）に第一次遠征（文永の役）を実行する。
In 1274, Yuan (Dynasty) (a dynasty nation at that time, which corresponds to present Mongol) conducted the first expedition (Bunei War) to Japan which had refused its repeated requests for commerce.

滅亡の原因は、一般的に言われている氏真の「無能」ぶり以上に、父・義元の度重なる外征がもたらした領国内の疲弊が深刻であったため、と近年では言われている。
It is said recently that the clan collapsed because the economy of the territories worsened due to frequent wars by his father Yoshimoto rather than because Ujimasa was 'incompetent' as was generally rumored.

豊臣秀吉の死後、次の天下人の座を狙う徳川家康は、慶長5年、度重なる上洛命令を無視した上杉景勝を公儀に反抗する逆臣として征伐すると称し、会津攻めを開始した。
After the death of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who was seeking the post of tenkabito (the ruler of the kingdom), began invading the Aizu Domain to attack Kagekatsu UESUGI's army in 1600, claiming that Uesugi was a treacherous retainer who rebelled against the administrative authority because he had often ignored the order to go to the capital.

豊臣秀吉の死後、次の天下人の座を狙う徳川家康は慶長5年（1600年）、度重なる上洛命令に応じない会津の上杉景勝を逆臣として討伐すべく、会津攻めを開始した。
After the death of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who was seeking the post of tenkabito (the ruler of the kingdom), began invading the Aizu Domain to attack Kagekatsu UESUGI's army in 1600, claiming that UESUGI was a treacherous retainer who rebelled against the administrative authority because he had often ignored the order to go to the capital.

歴代公方は諱において氏の字を通字として時の将軍の片諱を重ねた（ただし、第3代鎌倉公方足利満兼は父・足利氏満と重なるために将軍足利義満からの片諱のみを用いた。
Successive generations of Kubo used the Japanese kanji character of 'uji' (氏) as their tsuji (distinctive character used in the names of all people belonging to a single clan or lineage) for their personal names, to which another character taken from the name of the then Shogun was added. (An exception to this was the name given to the third Kamakura kubo, Mitsukane ASHIKAGA, which contained only the character 'mitsu' (満), which was taken from the personal name of the then Shogun, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, because otherwise he would have had the same name as his father, Ujimitsu ASHIKAGA.)

年代が重なるにつれ、番号や指定区間がめまぐるしく変わっていく中でも、街道の区間・経由地は大きくは変わらず、とくに地元ではその名称で親しまれていることも多い。
Although road numbers and their designated sections have rapidly changed over the years, sections and places where Kaido routes have not changed remarkably has resulted in many people feeling a warm affection for Kaido names.

ただし、この度重なる所属替えは徳島藩士の陣幕への嫌悪へとつながり、1867年（慶応3年）4月場所7日目の陣幕と張出小結鬼面山谷五郎との取組で最高潮に達した。
However, his perpetual transfers caused the hatred of the retainers of the Tokushima clan, which burst up at the match between Jinmaku and Haridashi-Komusubi (wrestler at the fourth highest rank, lower grade) Tanigoro KIMENZAN on the seventh day of the April Tournament in 1867.

これらの町組は、その後たび重なる変遷を経て、明治25年には計32の「学区」に組織された（明治以降の行政区画の変遷については別項「京都市下京区の町名」を参照）。
After going through many changes, these towns were organized into a total of 32 'school districts' in 1892. (Refer to the section 'Town names of Shimogyo Ward, Kyoto City' for the history of administrative division after the Meiji period.)

李氏朝鮮王朝では釜山に集結中の日本軍を朝鮮水軍で攻撃するように命令したが、度重なる命令無視のために三道水軍統制使の李舜臣は罷免され、後任には元均が登用された。
Although Yi Dynasty Korea ordered the Korean navy to attack the Japanese army that had assembled in Busan, Yi Sun-sin, who was the Naval Commander of the Three Provinces, was removed from his post because of repeatedly ignoring orders and Won Gyun was appointed the successor.

永享7年（1435年）、度重なる叡山制圧の機会にことごとく和議を（諸大名から）薦められ、制圧に失敗していた足利義教は、謀略により延暦寺の有力僧を誘い出し斬首した。
In 1435, being advised (by all the Daimyo) to seek reconciliation whenever he had an opportunity to suppress Mt. Hiei, and failing to suppress it, Yoshinori chose strategically to invite Enryaku-ji Temple's powerful priests out, and then had them beheaded.

一方、東路軍は度重なる日本軍のコマンド作戦により、博多沖の海上で釘付け状態となり、やがて食料や水不足と発生した疫病により「兵糧攻め」と同じ状態になって疲弊していた。
On the other hand, the Eastern Route Army was forced to stay at sea near Hakata by successive attacks by Japanese commandoes, and soon became exhausted by the situation that would 'drive them into starvation,' due to the shortage of food and water as well as an epidemic.

当初は義昭討伐を渋っていた忠国も度重なる義教からの命令と幕命違反に不満を抱く家中の意見双方の圧力に屈する形で、重臣の山田忠尚・新納忠臣らに義昭討伐を命じたのである。
Tadakuni who firstly hesitated to attack Gisho fell under both pressures of the repeated orders of Yoshinori and subordinates who were discontent with Tadakuni's disobedience to the shogunate, Tadakuni finally ordered his senior vassals, including Tadahisa YAMADA and Tadaomi NIIRO to put Gisho down.

建武 (日本)3年（1336年）の楠木正成と足利氏の軍勢の戦いの兵火をはじめ、度重なる災害により上記の堂塔は廃絶し、鳳凰堂のみが奇跡的に災害をまぬがれて存続している。
Beginning with a fire arising from the 1336 conflict between Masashige KUSUNOKI and the Ashikaga army, the above-mentioned buildings were all completely destroyed by numerous fires but the Ho-o-do hall has miraculously managed to avoid destruction.

福知山は度重なる福知山市福知山と由良川に対して桑は洪水に強かったことや、由良川の水素イオン指数値が製糸に適した水質であったことなどから、古くから養蚕業が栄えたまちである。
Fukuchiyama was a city where sericulture was active for a long time due to the mulberries resistance to repeated overflows of the Yura-gawa River into Fukuchiyama in Fukuchiyama City; also the pH value of the Yura-gawa River has shown that its water quality was suitable for yarn-making.

古来は喪の礼装であるため、長着の下に留袖と同じく白い下着（重ね）を着ていたが、現在では礼装の軽装化と「喪が重なる」と忌むことなどもあり下着は用いられないのが一般的である。
As Mofuku has been a formal mourning dress, people wore Nagagi on top of a white undergarment in olden times, but these days, partly because the formal dresses are being simplified, and partly because people observe a taboo against wearing layers of clothing that may be associated with having another mourning, an undergarment is not used for Mofuku.

元亀元年（1570年）4月、信長は度重なる上洛命令を無視する越前国の朝倉義景を討伐するため、浅井氏との盟約を反故にし、盟友の徳川家康の軍勢とともに越前国へ進軍を開始する。
On June 1570, in order to subjugate Yoshikage ASAKURA in Echizen Province, who had ignored Nobunaga's order to go to Kyoto several times, Nobunaga abandoned the alliance with the Azai clan and began his march into Echizen Province with the army of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, a sworn ally.

信仰の分布域と重なる縄文時代の遺跡からミシャグジ神の御神体となっている物や依代とされている物と同じ物が出土している事等からこの信仰が縄文時代から存在していたと考えられている。
This belief is considered to have existed from the Jomon period based on the fact that objects of worship for Mishaguji and things which were identical to Mishaguji's yorishiro were found at a number of Jomon period sites located in the area where Mishaguji belief has prevailed.

正徳2年（1712年）9月、新井白石は勘定奉行の荻原重秀を罷免に追い込み、度重なる秤量銀貨吹き替えによる混乱を是正しようと、慶長の幣制へ復帰するべく吹替え（改鋳）に着手した。
In October 1712, Hakuseki ARAI discharged Hideshige OGIWARA who was a kanjobugyo (commissioner of finance), and started to remint to go back to the system of keicho currency in order to stop confusion caused by repetitive reminting of silver by weight standard.

更に光秀はそれまでたびたび氾濫を起こしていた由良川の流れを改善し、度重なる洪水によって疲弊していた農民に対し地子銭を免除するなど善政を敷き、城下町としての基礎を築いたのであった。
Moreover, Mitsuhide formed the foundations for the castle town by carrying out activities such as improving the flow of the Yura-gawa River (which had often caused floods until then), and releasing farmers who were impoverished due to the repeated floods from their obligation towards Jishisen tax, etc.

また、『勝山記』などによれば、信虎の治世は度重なる外征の軍資金確保のために農民や国人衆に重い負担を課し、怨嗟の声は甲斐国内に渦巻いており、信虎の追放は領民からも歓迎されたという。
Also, according to the 'Katsuyamaki,' due to the heavy burdens imposed on farmers and local samurais to secure fighting fund for the repeated wars against other provinces, Nobutora's territory was filled with hatred towards him, and people were pleased when he was banished.

応仁の乱終了後も政長と義就は山城国で戦い続けていたが、度重なる戦乱に民衆は国人を中心にして団結し、勝元の後継者であった政元の後ろ盾も得て、山城国一揆を起して両派を国外に退去させた。
Even after the end of the Onin War, Masanaga and Yoshinari continued to fight each other in Yamashiro Province, but the successive battles brought common people together around kokujin (indigenous samurai) and they, backed by Katsumoto's successor Masamoto, rose up in Yamashironokuni Ikki (Yamashiro Province uprising) and succeeded in driving the two warring forces out of the province.

「神さび」という言葉に代表されるように、古いものや老いたものは、それだけで神聖であり神々しいとされてきた価値観も、妖怪（九十九神）が古い物や長く生きた物の憑き物という解釈と重なる。
As typified by the word 'kamusabi' (to behave like a god), the view that things that are old or aged are sacred and god-like just for being old and aged, overlaps with the interpretation that yokai (Tsukumogami - god of great age and experience) is an aged object or something that lived for a long time that has become possessed.

しかし度重なる夢窓の懇請を受け、暦応4年12月23日 (旧暦)（1342年1月30日）直義は夢窓に対し、翌年秋に宋船2艘を渡航させ、交易で得られた利益を天龍寺造営にあてるよう提案する。
On February 7, 1342, Tadayoshi complied with Muso's repeated earnest request and proposed that two vessels would make a voyage in fall in the following year, and that the profit gained from the trade would cover the expense for constructing Tenryu-ji Temple.

なお、柏原から三郷にかけては、北側の山道越え（信貴山越と一部重なる）、大和川の北岸に沿うルート（いわゆる亀の瀬越）、対岸の南側を沿うルート（現在の国道25号）など、複数のルートがある。
In addition, there are more than one route between Kashiwara and Sango; the northern mountain path (partly duplicating with Mount Shigi-goe route), the route along the north bank of the River Yamato (so-called Kamenose-goe) and the route along the south bank of the River Yamato (today's National Route 25).

さらに家斉自身も宿老がいなくなったのをいいことに奢侈な生活を送るようになり、これに度重なる外国船対策として海防費支出が増大したため、幕府財政の破綻・幕政の腐敗・綱紀の乱れなどが横行した。
Taking advantage of the absence of shukuro (senior vassals), Ienari began to indulge in extravagance which, compounded by the increased expenditures for coastal defenses against the threat of foreign ships, set off the collapse of bakufu finances, corruption within the administration, and the deterioration of public morals.

加えて芸力の不足や度重なるトラブルとスキャンダルを引きおこしたこともあって、2002年、能楽協会からは退会命令（「除名」の次に重い処分であるが、復帰の可能性は残されている）の処分を受けた。
In 2002, the Nohgaku Performers' Association ordered him to withdraw from membership (This is the second heaviest punishment after 'expulsion,' but there is some possibility that the person ordered could come back to the association), because he not only caused the dispute over the succession although lacking in skill, but also he frequently made troubles and was involved in scandals repeatedly.

北京占領後の1900年9月に、連合軍にドイツからアルフレート・フォン・ヴァルダーゼー元帥率いる数万人の兵力が増強され、彼が連合国総司令官になると、北京周辺の度重なる懲罰的掃討作戦を展開した。
A further several ten thousand soldiers led by General Field Marshal Alfred von Waldersee from Germany were dispatched to the allied force in September 1900 after the occupation of Beijing, and when he became Allied Supreme Commander, he began a clean up operation around Beijing similar to repetitive punishment.

日曜日に運行する鉄道を止めようとする度重なる試みや日曜日の博物館開館への反対運動等にみられる感情は、昔の迫害者のような残酷さはないとはいえ、そこに示されている心理状態は根本的には同じものです。
Though the feeling which breaks out in the repeated attempts to stop railway travelling on Sunday, in the resistance to the opening of Museums, and the like, has not the cruelty of the old persecutors, the state of mind indicated by it is fundamentally the same.

三千院は8世紀、最澄の時代に比叡山に建立された円融房に起源をもち、のちに比叡山東麓の坂本 (大津市)（現・大津市）に移され、たび重なる移転の後、1871年（明治4年）に現在地に移ったものである。
The origins of Sanzen-in Temple lie in a temple named Enyu-bo built on Mt. Hiei during the time of Saicho in the 8th century, which was later relocated to Sakamoto (present day Otsu City) on the eastern base of Mt. Hiei and then moved several more times before arriving at its current location in 1871.

度重なる弾圧に憤慨した水戸藩や薩摩藩の浪士は、密かに暗殺計画を練り、万延元年3月3日 (旧暦)（1860年3月24日）、江戸城登城の途中の井伊を桜田門の外で襲撃して暗殺を決行した（桜田門外の変）。
Some roshi (masterless samurai) of the Mito and Satsuma clans resented the repeated crackdowns of the bakufu government and started to plan an assassination, and on March 24, 1860, successfully attacked and killed Ii, who was about to enter Edo-jo Castle, in the outer field of the Sakurada-mon Gate (the Sakuradamon Incident).

なお、初名については父・道長の『御堂関白記』や藤原実資の『小右記』に記されており、婚姻時に夫の姉で尊子の異母兄藤原頼通の正室でもあった源隆姫（具平親王皇女）の名前と重なるために改名したと考えられている。
Note that her first name was mentioned in 'Mido Kanpakuki' (FUJIWARA no Michinaga's diary) written by her father Michinaga or in 'Shoyuki' (Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke) written by FUJIWARA no Sanesuke, and it is believed that she changed her name when she married since her first name was the same as the name of MINAMOTO no Takahime (Imperial Prince Tomohira's daughter) who was the older sister of her husband and also the legal wife of FUJIWARA no Yorimichi who was her older brother born to a different mother.

加えて芸力の不足や度重なるトラブルとスキャンダルを引きおこしたこともあって、能楽協会からは退会命令（「除名」の次に重い処分、復帰の可能性は残されている）の処分を受け、流内職分から宗家相続無効を主張された。
In addition, as he lacked talent and repeatedly caused troubles and scandals, he was given an order by the Nohgaku Performers' Association to withdraw from membership (which is the second heaviest punishment after expulsion, but still leaves room for coming back) while occupational branch families in the school claimed that his succession should be invalid.

三貴子（サンキシ）と呼ばれるイザナギ最後の子の三神、つまりアマテラス・ツクヨミ・スサノオのうちで、記述によって共通であるのはアマテラス＝太陽のみで、ツクヨミとスサノオは書物によって統治領域が重なる場合がある。
Among the three deities of Izanagi's last children, called Sankishi (in other words, Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi and Susano) the common description was that Amaterasu equaled the sun only, and there was a case where the governing regions of Tsukuyomi and Susano overlapped, depending on the literature.

度重なる要請に折れた静は鶴岡八幡宮で白拍子の舞いを披露し、頼朝の目の前で「吉野山峯の白雪ふみ分て　入りにし人の跡ぞ恋しき」「しづやしづしずのをたまきをくり返し　昔を今になすよしもがな」と義経を慕う歌を詠った。
Giving in to persistent requests, Shizuka performed the Shirabyoushi dance at Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine, and recited a poem that spoke of her love for Yoshitsune: 'Missing the one so loved who went into the deep snows of Mt. Yoshino' and 'Hoping to exchange the present for the past when my loved one ruled.'

条約励行建議案に対抗するために衆議院解散が行われた同年12月29日、突如集会及政社法の対象となる政治団体の指定を受け、その日のうちに大日本協会は度重なる外国人襲撃事件を理由として解散を命じられることになった。
On December 29 of the same year, when the House of Representatives was dissolved in opposition of the proposal to rigorously enforce the treaties, the Dai Nihon Kyokai was suddenly designated as a political organization to which the Assembly and Political Association laws applied, and on the same day it was ordered to disband with the attacks on foreigners cited as the reason for the order.

久政が朝倉方につくべきだと主張した理由として、「亮政の代からの同盟関係であること」、「度重なる斎藤氏氏、京極氏、六角氏の攻勢に共闘した大恩」、「久政自身が信長の性格や方針に懐疑的であったこと」などが挙げられている。
It is said the reasons why Hisamasa insisted that they should side with the Asakura clan were as follows: 'the alliance had been maintained since Sukemasa was in power;' 'they were deeply indebted to the Asakura clan for joint fights against repeated attacks from the Saito, the Kyogoku, and the Rokkaku clans;' and 'Hisamasa himself was skeptical about the character and policy of Nobunaga.'

その直後の慶応4年（1868年）、薩長の度重なる挑発に対し、幕府軍はついに戦端を開き（鳥羽・伏見の戦い）、ここに戊辰戦争が勃発するが、このとき賊軍の首領とされた徳川慶喜は、熾仁親王にとって父・幟仁親王の従弟であった。
In 1868, just after that, the bakufu started fighting against Saccho (the Satsuma and Choshu Domains) after provoking the bakufu many times (the Toba-Fushimi War), this was the beginning of the Boshin War, the head of the rebel army, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA was a cousin of Imperial Prince Taruhito's father, Imperial Prince Takahito.

このように一般の評価と違い戦国大名として高い評価を受けていた面もあるが、近年では積極的な領土拡大を理由とした度重なる軍事行動が、家臣や領民の疲弊を招き、死後の今川氏が急速に衰退した原因の一つであるとも指摘されている。
Unlike his public assessment, he was relatively highly evaluated as a Sengoku daimyo, but recent studies regard Yoshimoto's frequent military actions driven by aggressive territory expansion as the cause of fatigue in his vassals and the people of the domain, and it is has been determined that this was one of the causes leading to such a rapid decline of the Imagawa clan after his death.

しかし中国に対し冊封・朝貢を行っていた周辺諸国も、次第に欧米列強の植民地へと変えられていき、また清朝自身もロシアのイリ地方地方占領や清仏戦争、日本の台湾出兵、日清戦争などアヘン戦争以降の度重なる列強からの外圧にさらされた。
However, as those Asian countries which conducted sakuho and choko to the Qing dynasty became colonies of western countries and America, the Qing dynasty was also put pressure continuously by powerful countries after the Opium War, especially when Ili region was seized by Russia, the Sino-French War, the Taiwan expedition and the Japanese-Sino War occurred.

「盆暮れ（ぼんくれ）」などと時季を指す言葉としての使用や、「盆と正月が一緒に来たよう」という"とても忙しいこと"または"喜ばしいことが重なること"のたとえ（慣用句）としての使用がそれである。
It is used in expressions such as 'Bonkure (Bon and year-end)', meaning a period of time, and 'it is like Bon and New Year's day have arrived together' to mean a series of very busy or happy events.

この事件は、格太郎の父忠告が忠敬の兄であり共に庶子でありながら病弱を理由として家督相続されず病没、そして金銭に困窮し、また弟賢次郎が華族待遇を受けられず軍夫として台湾に出兵し戦死したことによる度重なる恨みの末の犯行であった。
This scandal occurred because of a long-standing grudge that Kakutaro held against Tadayuki, who was a younger brother of Kakutaro's father (Tadatsugu), as a result of Tadatsugu not being allowed to take over as head of the family due to his poor health, despite Tadatsugu and Tadayuki having both been born out of wedlock, and later dying of illness; this led to Kakutaro suffering economic hardships and his younger brother Kenjiro, who was not granted a peerage, going to war in Taiwan as a private soldier where he later died.

荘園は度重なる寄進によって重層的な支配構造となっていたが、実際に直接あるいは雑掌などを派遣して、荘園内の在地勢力（荘官及び荘民）に対して諸権限を行使しえたのは荘務権を持っている職の体系であり、本来本所とは荘務権を持つ職を指した。
Shoen was often placed under the complicated control system due to repeated donations; the honjo (proprietor or guarantor of a private estate) originally referred to the individuals who held the shomuken, and those who were in the position to hold the shomuken could administer various authorities against the local power within shoen, such as shokan (an officer governing shoen) and shomin (people of the manor), by personally going to the shoen himself or by sending a zassho (a person in charge of miscellaneous tasks) there.

度重なる戦乱により幾度となく消失と再興を繰り返したため当時の建物は残っていないが、邸内に建てられた岡松殿より始まる尼門跡寺院の大聖寺が、ほぼ当時の場所に残る（元は岡松町にあったものと思われるが、現在は隣接する御所八幡町にある）。
After repeated destruction due to war and reconstructions, the original buildings from that time do not exist any more, but the Daisho-ji Temple, one of the Amamonzeki Temples (a temple run by nuns of noble women), started as Okamatsu dono which was built inside the residence ground, remains on almost the same spot as it was in those days (originally, it is considered to have been located in Okamatsu-cho Town but it is currently located in neighboring Gosho Hachiman-cho Town).

東北地方は度重なる冷害、飢饉にあえいだ一方で鉱山が多く金属資源は潤沢であったことから、幕末期に盛岡藩および久保田藩を中心に銀判および當百文銅銭および鉛銭など、数多くの貨幣が密鋳されたが、幕府には既にそれを取り締まる力はなかった。
The Tohoku region suffered from cold-weather damage by the cold-weather and famine repeatedly, but on the other hand, there were many mines in the region and metal resources were abundant, so at the end of the Edo period, the Morioka Domain and the Kubota Domain secretly minted many coins of silver, copper, and lead without a permission from the bakufu because the bakufu no longer had enough power to control these activities.

養蚕農家の多くは毎年の生糸の売上げをあてにして金を借り、食料の米麦その他の生活物資等を外部から購入していたため、生糸市場の暴落と増税等が重なるとたちまち困窮の度を深め、他の各地と同様、その窮状につけこんだ銀行や高利貸等が彼らの生活をさらに悲惨なものにしていた。
Because many of silk-raising farmers, depending on their annual sales of raw silk, borrowed money for buying rice and wheat for food and other daily commodities and so on, the heavy fall of the raw silk market and increased taxes put them in further poverty as in other regions, and banks, usurers and so on, taking advantage of their poverty, made their lives more miserable.

独身の女帝に後継者はなく、度重なる政変による粛清劇によって天武天皇の子孫たる皇族がなかったため、左大臣藤原永手、右大臣吉備真備、参議藤原宿奈麻呂、同藤原縄麻呂、同石上宅嗣、近衛府藤原蔵下麻呂らによる協議が行われ、その結果を受けて、62歳で即位することとなった。
As the Empress was single and had no successor, and because there was no imperial family members who were descendants of Emperor Tenmu due to the repeated purges in political changes, FUJIWARA no Nagate, Minister of the Left, KIBI no Makibi, Minister of the Right, FUJIWARA no Sukunamaro, Sangi (councilor), FUJIWARA no Tadamaro, Sangi, ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu, Sangi, FUJIWARA no Kurajimaro, Division of Inner Palace Guard, and others had talks, which led to his accession to the imperial throne at the age of 62.

橋本実麗は、公武合体政策の一貫として、姪の和宮親子内親王が14代将軍・徳川家茂との婚姻対策が持ち上がった時には妹で和宮親子内親王の生母・観行院（橋本経子）とともに反対したが、度重なる江戸幕府の要求に和宮親子内親王が折れ、和宮親子内親王と徳川家茂との婚姻が成立。
When the Tokugawa shogunate offered the lawful marriage of the 14th shogun Iemochi TOKUGAWA with Kazunomiya Chikako to seek Kobu-gattai (the reconciliation between the shogunate and the imperial court), Saneakira and his sister Kangyoin (Tsuneko HASHIMOTO) bitterly opposed the plan; however, at last, Kazunomiya Chikako herself gave way to the shogunate's insistent demands and married Iemochi.

ところが、二条家が居住して以後、度重なる火災などの災害、そして応仁の乱にも被害を受けなかった筈の押小路烏丸殿が文明9年11月11日 (旧暦)（1477年12月16日）に放火によって焼失してしまう（奇しくもこの日は大内氏の撤退によって応仁の乱の戦闘が事実上終了した日であった）。
However, Oshikoji Karasumadono residence, which survived several disasters such as fires and the Onin War since the time when the Nijo family moved in, was burned down in an arson attack on December 25, 1477 (by cruel coincidence, it was the day the Oni War practically ended as the result of the retreat of the Ouchi clan).

寺院・僧侶の意義を認めない徹底した在家主義は、やがて徒党を組む既成寺院の僧侶から度重なる当局への讒言となり、清風（日扇）は弟子とともに逮捕されること2回、遠足止めなどの弾圧を受けるが、1878年（明治11年）には清風（日扇）自ら「花洛佛立講三十三組、人数凡1万人」というほど敎線を伸ばした。
The Zaike shugi, having found no acceptance by temples and monks, led to frequent slander from monks of the league of existing temples in regard to his temple, and Seifu (Nissen) was suppressed by being arrested twice along with his disciples and was stopped from going afar; however, in 1878 he increased the size of his sect to one having '30 groups of Karaku (Kyoto) butsuryu-ko and about 10,000 people.'

その傍証として、ワケ号を負う履中・反正とは根本的に異質な名であることや、この2天皇から病気を理由に愚か者として軽蔑されていて、即位が円滑に行われなかったという所伝、当時の有力豪族たる蘇我・葛城氏の系譜に、武内宿禰の子として若子宿禰という人物の存在が伝えられ、時代が重なること、さらには、倭王済（允恭）と倭王珍（反正に比定される）の血縁関係を記さない『宋書』の問題などが挙げられる。
Collateral evidences for that include: a fact that his name is fundamentally different from those of Richu and Hanzei which bear the title of wake (which means 'coming into being'); a legend that he was despised by these two Emperors as a fool because of his illness and his accession to the throne did not proceed smoothly; a story told in genealogies of Soga and Katsuragi clans which were the influential Gozoku of the time that there was reportedly a person known as WAKUGO no Sukune who was a son of TAKENOUCHI no Sukune at a period which overlaps that of Ingyo; and a problem in the 'So-jo' (the Book of Song) that it does not describe any blood relationship between King Sai of Wa (Ingyo) and King Chin of Wa (identified with Hanzei).