運: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- くじ運
- luck in a lottery
- luck in a raffle
- the luck of the draw
- 民芸運動
- MINGEI (National Art) Movement
- 東遊運動
- The Dong Du Movement
- 運用の相違
- Difference of practice
- 村政の運営
- Administration management of village
- 遷都の気運
- Opportunity for capital relocation
- 地方改良運動
- Movement to Improve Rural Areas
- 運 (小説)
- Un (Fortune, a novel)
- 廃仏毀釈運動
- Haibutsu-kishaku Movement (a movement to abolish Buddhism)
- 大同団結運動
- The movement to unite for a common purpose
- 運慶の四男。
- He was the fourth son of Unkei.
- 号は徳運軒。
- His sobriquet was Tokuunken.
- 閉寮反対運動
- The opposition movement against the closure of dormitory
- 徳山藩再興運動
- Movements to restore the Tokuyama clan
- 会見県設置運動
- The movement to create Aimi Prefecture.
- 運気指南役後篇
- Unki Shinan-yaku, Kohen (Guide Book on Flow of the Universe, the Second Volume)
- 百籌運尽至今日
- Our luck finally ran out here.
- 仏教の革新運動
- Efforts to reform Buddhism
- 三大事件建白運動
- Campaign of the three biggest petitions
- 南都仏教復興運動
- Efforts towards a religious revival of Southern capital (i.e., Nara) Buddhism
- 運慶の三男である。
- He was a third son of Unkei.
- 公武合体運動の挫折
- The collapse of Kobu Gattai (Union of Court and Camp) movement
- 民芸運動、日用の美へ
- The Mingei (folk crafts) movement towards the beauty of daily use
- 討幕運動に邁進した。
- He strove for the anti-shogunate movement.
- 自由民権運動への参加
- Participation in Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right)
- 運慶作と推定される作品
- Sculptures that are Considered to be Unkei's Works
- これを洋務運動という。
- Such activities were called yomu undo (Western Affair Movement).
- 電車運転不調の謝罪広告
- Apology in a Newspaper for Bad Train Operation
- 関ヶ原の戦いと倒幕運動
- The Battle of Sekigahara and the Tobaku movement
- 運慶作とする説がある作品
- Sculptures that are Claimed to be Unkei's Works
- 「復古運動提唱」について
- Advocating Reversionism'
- この頃に勤皇運動に傾倒。
- At that time, he started to devote himself towards the pro-Imperial movement.
- 若年寄 平山敬忠、川勝広運
- Listed here are some examples of personnel assigned in the bakufu; Wakadoshiyori (junior councilor), Yoshitada HIRAYAMA, and Hirokazu KAWAKATSU
- 嗣孫は新劇運動の土方与志。
- One of his grandchildren was Yoshi HIJIKATA involved in Shingeki Undo (the movement of New Play).
- 叙任が実現の運びとなった。
- His investiture was thus realized.
- 新劇運動の先駆けとなった。
- He was a pioneer in the shingeki (literary, new play) movement.
- これらの運動を後南朝という。
- This activity is called the second Southern Dynasty.
- 運慶の指導のもと源慶らが制作。
- Carved by Genkei and other sculptors under the lead of Unkei.
- 白川党の宗門改革運動を始める。
- He founded the Shirakawa Party to push for reform of the sect.
- 平家は衰運に向かうことになる。
- This marked the start of the decline of status for the Taira family.
- 家集は「浄弁並慶運歌集」がある。
- His personal collection of poetry is 'Joben Narabini Unkei Kashu' (A Collection of Poems by Joben and Unkei).
- こうして東遊運動は終焉を迎えた。
- This brought the Dong Du Movement to an end.
- 倒幕運動に参加し、武力倒幕を主張。
- Itagaki took part in the anti-Shogunate movement, insisting on overthrowing the Shogunate with military power.
- 「新興俳句運動」の指導者的な存在。
- He was a leader of 'Shinko Haiku Undo' (Movement of Emerging Haiku Poem).
- 画像-25:『開運出世合体七福神』
- Picture-25 'Kaiun Shusse Gattai Shichifukujin'
- 大聖寺藩(大津汽船局)が運営した。
- It was operated by Daishoji domain (Otsu Kisenkyoku [Otsu Steamship bureau]).
- 自己分泌型細胞運動刺激因子レセプター
- autocrine motility factor receptor
- 慶運寺に聖観世音菩薩像が現在も残る。
- The image of Sho Kanzeon Bosatsu (Avalokitesvara-bodhisattva) still remains at Keiun-ji temple today.
- 後天的運命学と分類されることもある。
- It is sometimes classified as the study of posteriori destiny.
- 運慶の指導のもと運助、運賀らが制作。
- Carved by Unsuke, Unga, and other sculptors under the lead of Unkei.
- そして作品を『運命』と題したという。
- And he called the work 'Unmei.'
- 自由民権運動とも深く結びついていた。
- The movement was closely associated with the Freedom and People's Rights Movement.
- 自由民権運動の主導者として知られる。
- He was famous as a leader of the Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Rights).
- 農学者の宮永正運からは曾孫にあたる。
- He was a great grandson of agriculturist Shoun MIYANAGA.
- 9月にパナマ運河~大西洋を経て渡欧。
- In September, he went to Europe via the Panama Canal and the Atlantic.
- また、現金を盗まれるなど不運が続く。
- His misfortune was compounded by some successive mishaps including having his money stolen.
- その首は平安京へ運ばれ、晒し首となる。
- His head was transported to Heian-kyo, and it was put on public display.
- 機関車を運転する機関士は外人であった。
- The engineers for the locomotive were foreigners.
- 自由民権運動の端緒となった文書である。
- It was a written document which triggered the Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Rights).
- これは形を変えた運上金の復活であった。
- This was the revival of the business taxes in another form.
- 事件後鉱毒反対運動が下火になりました。
- The movement against the copper poisoning died down after the Kawamata Incident.
- 1886年『地震とその他の地球の運動』
- 1886: 'Earthquake and other Earth Movements'
- 機関車を運転する機関士は外国人であった。
- Engineers who operated locomotives were foreigners.
- また運搬等のために官人仕丁が配属された。
- And for transportation, kanjin shicho (a manservant doing odd jobs) belonged to this.
- このため'悲運な'戦時市長とも呼ばれる。
- Therefore, he was sometimes called an 'ill-fated' wartime mayor, too.
- 第一次護憲運動が興ると、政界に復帰した。
- He returned to the political world when the first Constitution protection movement broke out.
- 9月2日、新古今和歌集を京より運ばせる。
- On October 22, he ordered Shinkokin Wakashu (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) from Kyoto.
- しかし過激な尊王攘夷運動には反対だった。
- However, he was against radical Sonno Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners).
- この石を運ぶ作業の指揮は信長自らが行った。
- Nobunaga took personal charge of the operation of carrying the stone.
- 次いで桂新党運動に参加・立憲同志会を結成。
- He then took part in the movement for Katsura New Party, and established Rikken Doshikai (Constitutional Association of Friends).
- かつては琵琶湖湖上水運の拠点として栄えた。
- It was once flourished as a hub for waterway traffic on Lake Biwa.
- 昭和30年代になると前衛短歌運動がおこった。
- During the late 1950's and early 1960's, the avant-garde movement for tanka poetry begins.
- 義平は「生きながら捕えられたのも運の尽きだ。
- Yoshihira said 'My luck ran out to be kept alive.
- さらに一般的な統治の末端組織として運用した。
- Moreover, they operated the groups as terminal organizations for general administration.
- 維新後は攘夷思想を改め自由民権運動にも参加。
- After the Meiji Restoration, he gave up his position on the expulsion of foreigners, and joined the Freedom and People's Rights Movement.
- After the Meiji Restoration, Masuda gave up the thought of expulsion of foreigners and joined Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).
- 著書「地震とその他の地球の運動」を出版する。
- He published a book titled 'Earthquake and Other Earth Movements.'
- 運慶の次男、康運を肥後別当定慶とする説あり。
- Some say that Higo betto Jokei was Unkei's second son, Koun.
- 帰国後、専修学校の立案・運営に深く参画した。
- He got deeply involved in founding and running Senshu School after returning to Japan.
- 1957年、日本芸術院会員、日展運営会理事。
- In 1957, he was elected as a member of the Japan Art Academy and a board member of the operating committee of the Nitten Exhibition (sponsored by the Japan Fine Arts Exhibition).
- 家集には「慶運法印集」「浄弁並慶運集」がある。
- He had two private poetry collections, the 'Keiun hoin shu' (Collection of the Ho-in Keiun's Poems) and the 'Joben nami Keiun shu' (Collection of both Joben and Keiun's Poems).
- 租米(そまい):田租のうち中央へ運ばれるもの。
- Somai: bundles of rice carried to the Imperial court among the denso (rice field tax).
- 出雲での大敗が極端なまでの厭戦気運を助長した。
- The huge defeat in Izumo cultivated extreme anti-war trend amond people.
- 父同様に和歌をよくし、歌会にも度々足を運んだ。
- He wrote many waka (Japanese poems) and often participated in waka salons.
- 1875年:漢方医存続の運動が展開され始める。
- 1875: The movement for the continuance of Kampo doctors started.
- しかしその後の自由民権運動には参加しなかった。
- However, he did not participate in the Freedom and People's Rights Movement after this.
- 鉄道網整備の進展とともに、湖上運送が衰退する。
- Along with progress of development of railway network, transportation by lake declined.
- 町内警備を主な役割とし、町人によって運営された。
- Managed by townspeople, jishinban was mainly responsible for local security.
- 運慶とともに鎌倉時代を代表する仏師の一人である。
- He was one of the leading Buddhist sculptors, along with Unkei, of the Kamakura period.
- この頃から中岡と共に薩長同盟への運動を開始する。
- At around that time Ryoma together with NAKAOKA started working on the achievement for Satsuma-Choshu Alliance.
- その後総理衙門の公認を得て出版する運びとなった。
- After that, it was officially approved by Zongli Yamen and its publication was decided.
- 元就にとっては毛利家の命運を賭けた初陣であった。
- This was Motonari's first battle and would determine the destiny of the Mori family.
- 一般市民の屋外での激しい運動を自粛するよう勧告。
- It is urged that the general public should avoid doing strenuous sports outdoors.
- 崇徳は讃岐で自身の不運を嘆きながら日を送っていた。
- Sutoku spends his days lamenting his misfortune at Sanuki.
- ―「農民文学運動」に端を発し、農村に関して詠んだ歌
- Poems originating from the 'peasant literature movement' and based on rural communities.
- 『運』(うん)は芥川龍之介による初期の小説である。
- 'Un' is a novel written by Ryunosuke AKUTAGAWA in his early period.
- このことがその後の彼の人生を運命付けることになる。
- This event was to establish his life's course.
- その後、家運が衰え乾堂の祖父の代には貧窮に陥った。
- Later, KOZONE family's fortunes faded and they sank into poverty during Kendo's grandfather's days.
- 妻・豊子は自由民権運動の活動家で小説家の清水紫琴。
- His wife Toyoko was an activist of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement and a novelist whose pen name was Shikin SHIMIZU.
- 運命(1919年、雑誌『改造 (雑誌)』4月創刊号)
- Unmei (in the Kaizo (journal), vol. 1, April Issue, 1919)
- 古文辞とは、明代の中国で提唱された復古的な文学運動。
- 'Kobunji' is the restoration of literature advocated during the Ming Dynasty in China.
- 事務経費や官人給与など、地方行政の運営費用に充てる。
- It was allotted to the running cost of local administration such as clerical expense and salary of government officials.
- しかし幸運にもその写本が残っており江戸で刊行された。
- Fortunately, there was a manuscript of the book and it was published in Edo.
- 宗家は酢の販売、嫡家は海運業を主に取扱い、繁栄した。
- The Soke mainly sold vinegar and the Chakuke mainly ran the shipping business, and both of the families prospered.
- 文久2年(1862年)頃から尊王攘夷運動に参加する。
- Since 1862 he had joined Sonno Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners).
- このように、政策運営は保守・革新折衷だったといえる。
- As stated above, his policy administration would be a compromise between conservative and reformist policies.
- 七十六世宗家金春七郎広運の長男として奈良に生まれる。
- He was born in Nara Prefecture as the first son of Shichiro Koun KONPARU, who was the 76th soke.
- 足尾鉱毒事件では田中正造を助け、農民救済運動に奔走。
- In the Ashio Copper Mine Mineral Pollution Incident, he supported Shozo TANAKA and devoted effort to relief work for the peasants.
- また、南湖のローカル航路運営者や航路も暫時増加した。
- The number of operators and water routes for local routes in the southern part of the lake were also gradually increased.
- 山田美妙らによる言文一致運動もこの時期に発生している。
- The Vernacular Movement headed by persons such as Bimyo YAMADA occurred around that time.
- しかし、反対運動がないところを通せば、利用客は少ない。
- However there would be few users if they laid railroad through the sites where any movement did not arise.
- 岸田湘煙の女塾に入塾、自由民権運動の影響を受けて成長。
- She joined the workshop of Shoen KISHIDA and grew under the influence of liberal and democratic rights movements.
- 斉彬を信奉する精忠組に加入、尊王攘夷運動に身を投じる。
- He joined Seichugumi admiring Nariakira and threw himself into the Sonnou Joui movement (movement for revering the emperor and eliminating the foreigners).
- 世界連邦建設同盟(現、世界連邦運動協会)会長を務めた。
- He served as Chairman of the Confederation of the World Federation Establishment (presently World Federalist Movement of Japan).
- 父や弟と共に鎌倉幕府の討幕運動に参加して功績を挙げた。
- He joined the anti-shogunate movement with his father and younger brother, and rendered distinguished services.
- 興行界の刷新と演劇改良運動に熱心にかかわるようになる。
- He was fervently engaged in innovating the entertainment world and improving theatrical performances.
- 判官・平群広成の乗る第3船はそれほど幸運ではなかった。
- The Hangan HEGURI no Hironari on the third vessel was not as fortunate as others.
- この運河を道頓堀と名付けたのが、忠明だと言われている。
- It is said that it was Tadaakira who named this canal Dotonbori.
- 浮遊運動をする砂は風に乗って移動し、遠くまで到達する。
- The floating sand moves on the wind, reaching far away places.
- 家相(かそう)とは、風水や気学などと通じる開運学の1つ。
- Kaso refers to the study of fortune telling which is similar to Feng Shui, Kigaku (fortune telling based on Chinese 12 year cycle) and etc.
- 議院内閣制ともいい、議会の信任に基づいて政権を運営する。
- It's also called a parliamentary cabinet system, where the cabinet exercises political power with parliamentary confidence.
- 中央への貢納品の購入と租税・貢納品上供のための運送費用。
- Expenses incurred in the purchase of tribute articles to give to the central government and for the transportation of land taxes and the tribute articles.
- 幕末は尊皇攘夷運動に傾倒し、明治維新後に内務官僚となる。
- He devoted himself to the movement of 'Revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians' in the end of Edo Period and became an official of the Ministry of Home Affairs after the Meiji Restoration.
- 堺では幸運にも豪商の日比屋了珪の知遇を得ることができた。
- Fortunately, he was taken under the wing of Ryokei HIBIYA, who was a wealthy merchant in Sakai City.
- 同年、日暮里村の火葬場運営を請け負う東京博善会社を設立。
- In the same year, he established the Tokyo Hakuzen Company that undertook the management of a crematory service in Nippori village.
- 王政復古後の薩摩藩、長州藩の討幕運動には賛成しなかった。
- After the Restoration of Imperial Rule, the Satsuma Domain and the Choshu Domain disagreed to the overthrow of the shogunate.
- これにより大名としての尼子氏再興運動は潰えることとなる。
- This collapsed the movement for revival of the Amago clan as a Japanese feudal lord.
- その後は公武合体運動を推進して二条斉敬らと共に活躍した。
- After that, he promoted Kobu Gattai (Union of Court and Camp) movement and was active with Nariyuki NIJO and others.
- 堀は運河としても使われ物流にも大きな役割を果たしていた。
- The moat was used as a canal and had an important role in the transport of goods.
- - 大津京の主要港として整備され、湖上運送の拠点になる。
- It was established as a main port for Otsukyo and used as a base of transportation on the lake.
- 史料上の初見は寿永2年(1183年)の「運慶願経」である。
- The first reference to Kaikei occurs in 'Unkei Gangyo' from 1183.
- 更に土佐藩そのものを本格的に取り込むための運動を展開した。
- Furthermore, he continued to work to win over Tosa clan in earnest.
- 国幹の略歴と医師資格制度・漢方復興運動の略史を以下に示す。
- The following is Kokkan's brief personal history and brief history of the Law of Doctor Licensing System and the Kampo Revival Movement.
- 自ら注文してゾウを輸入し、長崎から江戸まで陸路で運ばせた。
- He ordered the import of an elephant and had it brought by land from Nagasaki to Edo.
- このため、直政はかなりの強運の持ち主であったとされている。
- Because of this, Naomasa is thought to have been a lucky man.
- 元弘の乱後から足利尊氏に仕え、討幕運動などでも功を挙げた。
- He started to serve Takauji ASHIKAGA after the Genko War, and contributed to the anti-shogunate movement.
- 第十八世紀仏蘭西文化史・社会主義運動史 富山房, 1922
- Dai Juhachi Seiki Furansu Bunka-shi, Shakaishugi Undo-shi (History of French culture and Socialism Movement of the 18th Century), Fuzambo, 1922
- 牛馬を休ませる暇もなく、常に運送料や荷車のことで争っている。
- He does not have time to rest his cows and horses, and is always arguing with people about shipping charges and carts.
- 運慶が中心となり、快慶、定覚、湛慶ら一門の仏師を率いて制作。
- Carved by Buddhist statue sculptors of the school such as Kaikei, Jokaku, and Tankei, led by Unkei.
- 山中鹿介の尼子再興運動は、概ね3回に分けて見ることができる。
- The campaign to restore the status of the Amago clan conducted by Shikanosuke YAMANAKA can be roughly divided into three stages.
- 勝・松平春嶽の運動で土佐藩主山内容堂から脱藩の罪を許される。
- Efforts made by KATSU and Shungaku MATSUDAIRA encouraged the lord of the Tosa clan, Yodo YAMAUCHI, to condone Ryoma's charge of fleeing from the Tosa clan.
- また、衆議院でも多数を確保して安定した政権運営が期待された。
- In addition, it was expected that Rikken seiyukai would secure the majority in the House of Representatives and the Cabinet would stably manage government administration.
- 実際の運用では、高い位階が全体的に与えられる傾向が強かった。
- In actual operation, there was a tendency to be given higher Ikai in whole.
- しかし、明治40年の大水害と大逆事件を契機に運動は萎縮する。
- However, the movement withered up on the damage of severe flood hit the region in 1907, and also on the suppression of the High Treason Incident.
- 百済復興運動で活躍した鬼室福信の縁者で、孫に鬼室美成がいる。
- He was a relative of Fukushin KISHITSU, who played an important role in the Baekje revival movement, and had a grandchild, 鬼室美成.
- 自らも槍を振るい、奮戦したが、命運尽き24歳の人生を閉じた。
- He himself fought desperately with his spear but died at the age of 24.
- 彼が運んだと伝わる「首掛け石」という凹型の巨石が城内にある。
- There is a huge concave-shaped stone called 'Kubikakeishi' in the castle which is said to have been carried by him.
- 駿府の銭鋳所跡地を掘り返して、銅を3年で運上金千両回収した。
- He made the former coin-minting site in Sunpu dug up, and recovered the amount of copper corresponding to 1,000-ryo (ryo: a monetary unit at that time) business tax in three years.
- 汝等相協戮輯睦(きょうりくしゅうぼく)して家運の鞏固を図れ。
- You must get along and cooperate with each other to make the luck of the family firm.
- このため、一部は自由大気に入って遠くまで運ばれることになる。
- Therefore, some of the dust enters the free atmosphere and is moved to far away places.
- また、これらの陣屋の近傍には千種川水系が水運に利用されていた。
- Furthermore, in the vicinity of each of these jinya places, the Chikusa-gawa River water system was used for water transportation
- 家政機関の職員が実務機関の職員として家政の運営にあたっていた。
- The personnel of the domestic governing institutions were in charge of operation of household management as personnel of the institutions for practical work.
- また運転ダイヤ作成もイギリス人のW・F・ペーに一任されていた。
- Moreover, preparation of train schedules was entrusted to a British, W. F. Paye.
- このようにして、少ない正貨の準備金を運用してこれを増加させた。
- In this way, the proceeds were increased by utilizing the small amount of the reserves in the form of specie.
- 運営のための基金として常に金1,200両を備えていたとされる。
- Always certain amount of money was kept to operate the dormitories (It is said that they kept 1,200 Ryo).
- 彼は地元農民とともに反対運動を起こすも芳しい成果は出なかった。
- He started the opposition movement together with the local peasants, but the results were poor.
- 幕府要人や公家の人脈を頼り、反朝倉孝景の運動を画策するが失敗。
- Kagetaka tried to plot a movement against Takakage ASAKURA, using his connections with influential people in the Bakufu and Court, but did not succeed.
- 九代目市川團十郎や依田学海らが実践していた演劇改良運動に参加。
- Then he participated in the Engeki kairyo undo (theatrical performance improvement movement) implemented by Danjuro ICHIKAWA the ninth and Gakukai YODA.
- しかし2年後に校長・岡倉天心への排斥運動が起こり、岡倉が失脚。
- However, two years later a movement started to drive out the principal, Tenshin OKAKURA, who then lost his position.
- そして綱吉のもう一つの不運は水戸黄門(徳川光圀)の存在である。
- Another piece of bad luck for Tsunayoshi is the existence of Mito Komon (Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA).
- 源三郎の首を持ち帰ろうとするが、重くて運ぶことができなかった。
- Taisuke tried to bring the head of Genzaburo back, but gave up because it was too heavy to carry.
- 大声で近所に助けを求め、他の隊士が駕籠で田内を屯所まで運んだ。
- He gave a cry for help and other members brought Tauchi in a palanquin to the headquarters.
- 文化面では運慶と快慶の金剛力士像など、写実的な美術が展開した。
- In culture, naturalistic art, as seen in Kongo Rikishi zo (statues of Kongo Rikishi) by Unkei and by Kaikei, developed.
- 豊臣秀吉により大津城が築かれ,大津港は水運の要衝として栄える。
- Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI built Otsu-jo Castle and Otsu Port was flourished as an important point for waterway traffic.
- 和歌四天王の一人慶運の父で、浄弁も和歌四天王の一人に数えられる。
- Known as the father of Unkei, one of The Four Heavenly Kings of Waka, Joben is also counted among the four.
- 夜もすがら あらしに波を 運ばせて 月を垂れたる 汐越の松 西行
- Throughout the long night, the waves are lashed by a storm, that drives them to shore - and moonlight drips from their boughs, the pines of Shiogoshi' by Saigyo
- 伊藤などを乗せて試運転も実施、停車場などの整備も順次進められた。
- The trial runs were operated with ITO and others on board, and preparation of stations, etc. was proceeded one after another.
- 日本で初めて走った鉄道は、艦船に積んで運ばれてきた模型であった。
- The first railway train in Japan was a model railway train brought over in a military ship.
- また運転ダイヤ作成もイギリス人のW・F・ページに一任されていた。
- Also, the train timetable was done by an Englishman W. F. Page.
- 天が円で表されるゆえんは、星の運行が円運動で表されるためである。
- The heaven has been expressed as round because the movement of stars are represented as circular motion.
- 地元で当時高等園芸と言われた温室栽培など農業改良運動に従事した。
- Since then, he worked there on the agricultural improvement activities by developing a greenhouse cultivation system, which was still an advanced horticulture in those days, and so on.
- 百済滅亡後には百済復興を掲げて反唐運動を率いた将軍の一人である。
- He led the anti-Tang movement to revive Baekje after the downfall of the kingdom.
- また、、島村抱月らと文芸協会を開設し、新劇運動の先駆けとなった。
- In 1906, he established the Association of Literature with Hogetsu SHIMAMURA and others, and it set a precedent for the movement of shingeki (literally, new play).
- 1863年、藩主山内豊範の側役に就任して公武合体運動に尽力する。
- In 1863, he assumed the post of Sobayaku (Secretary) to the lord of the clan, Toyonori YAMAUCHI, and made efforts for the movement of Kobu Gattai (union of the imperial court and the shogunate).
- 比叡山の最澄による天台戒壇独立運動には僧綱の上首として反対した。
- He opposed, as a Joshu (the head of a group) of Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs), Tendai sect's Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) independence movement waged by Saicho from Mt. Hiei.
- 生まれながらに人並みを外れた運動能力を持っていたと伝わっている。
- It is said that he had an outstanding movement capability by nature.
- その後も、藩閥政府を批判し普通選挙運動と対露強硬外交を主張した。
- After that, he criticized the domains-dominated government, and claimed popular election and hard-line diplomacy toward Russia.
- 米騒動を契機とする大正デモクラシーと呼ばれる政治運動が起こった。
- A political movement called Taisho democracy started with rice riots.
- 京大当局は70年代後半になってこれらの運動基盤の解体に着手した。
- In the late 70's, the authority of Kyoto University stated to destroy such bases of movements.
- 恩賞方は鎌倉幕府の討幕運動に参加したものに対する論功行賞を処理。
- The Rewards Office handled the conferral of honors and awards to those who had participated in the campaign to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu.
- 運慶は、奈良市・興福寺を拠点に活動していた奈良仏師康慶の子である。
- Unkei was a child of Kokei, a Buddhist statue sculptor from Nara, who performed his craft mainly at Kofuku-ji Temple in Nara City.
- 一方、人間は短命のうちに死ななければならない運命を背負ったという。
- On the other hand, people shoulder the fate of dying with a short life.
- 主に、沿線の炭鉱から産出される石炭を積出港に運搬する役目を担った。
- It mainly served to transport coal produced from the coal mines along the railway lines to the port of shipment.
- 一般庶民からは、自由民権運動の総帥として圧倒的な支持を受けていた。
- Nonetheless, as a commander of Jiyu Minken Undo, he earned tremendous support from the general public.
- 太湖汽船、内国海運、大阪運河会社など海運関係にもかかわりをもった。
- He was also involved in marine transportation such as Taiko Kisen, Naikoku Shipping Company and Osaka Canal Company and so on.
- 掘った土を引きずって運んだ跡が吉田川になり、足跡が品井沼になった。
- A trail that he dragged the soil became Yoshida-gawa River and footprint became Shinai-numa Swamp.
- 有力御家人たちが土や石を運んで段葛を作り、頼朝が自ら監督を行った。
- Influential gokenin had a dankazura (a road which is one step higher than other areas) built by soil and stones with Yoritomo himself directing the construction.
- 生活に即した民芸品に注目して「用の美」を唱え、民芸運動を起こした。
- He declared the 'beauty of usage' by focusing on folk art that was used for living, and triggered the Mingei Movement.
- 同年、天皇の命により凶作に備えるため尾張国の屯倉の籾を都に運んだ。
- In the same year, he received an order from the emperor to be in charge of transferring the unhulled rice from Miyake, Owari Province to the capital in order to prepare for an imminent poor harvest.
- さらに、西南戦争による支出費用の調達とその後の財政運営に携わった。
- Moreover, he was engaged in raising expenses due to the Seinan War and in the financial administration afterwards.
- 墓所は三田聖坂の功運寺(大正11年(1922年)に上高田へ移転)。
- His tomb was in Koun-ji Temple in Mita-Hijirizaka (present-day Tokyo), but moved to Kamitakada (present-day Tokyo) in 1922.
- 『義経記』では終始義経と運命を共にし、平泉で討ち死にしたとされる。
- In 'Gikeiki' (a military epic about the life of Yoshitsune), it is said that he shared Yoshitsune's fate throughout his life and killed at Hiraizumi.
- ジュネーブ留学時、ロシアの革命運動家レフ・メーチニコフと知り合う。
- While studying in Geneva, Iwao met Lev MECHNIKOV, a Russian revolutionist.
- 忠正は源為義と並ぶ上皇方の重鎮として活躍するが、武運つたなく敗北。
- As a leader on the retired Emperor's side along with MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, Tadamasa fought courageously, but his luck in battle turned against him and he was defeated.
- だが、北野社側も自己の運上金収入に関わる問題でありこれを拒絶した。
- However, Kitano-sha Shrine rejected the request because the issue had to due with their own tax income.
- 回転運動をする砂は発生地周辺のみに到達し、移動する砂丘を構成する。
- The rotating sand of a kosa cannot move far from the place where the kosa originates, and constitutes a moving sand dune.
- JR湖西線マキノ駅下車、徒歩25分 ※桜シーズンのみ路線バスが運行
- 25 minutes on foot from Makino Station of JR Kosei Line -- Shuttle bus service is available only during cherry blossom season.
- その後は幼少の将軍が続いたため有力大名による合議で国が運営された。
- From that point on, the rank of Shogun was held by a series of young boys, and the actual administration of the country was run by a council of powerful daimyo.
- 新宮の町は美作街道と水運が盛んであった揖保川とが接近する位置にある。
- The town of Shingu was located at the spot where the Mimasaka-kaido road came near to the Ibo-gawa River heavily used for water transportation.
- 発見された遺体は、1体に数人程度をかけて掘り出して哨戒所に運搬した。
- A body found was dug up by several people and carried to the patrol post.
- 1443年(嘉吉3)に義勝が病死すると足利義政の将軍就任に運動する。
- After Yoshikatsu died of illness in 1443, he began a political campaign for Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA to become the next shogun.
- 女紅場に勤務していたときの経験を生かし、同志社の運営に助言を与えた。
- She made good use of her experiences of working at Kyoto Nyokoba to contribute suggestions to the operation of the Doshisha.
- 江戸時代には、内陸から耳川で運ばれた木材などの積換え港として栄えた。
- In the Edo period Mimitsu flourished as the port where wood brought from the inland along Mimi-kawa River was reloaded.
- 慶喜は朝廷に運動して休戦の詔勅を引き出し、休戦協定の締結に成功する。
- Yoshinobu appealed to the Imperial Court to make an official announcement of truce by the Emperor and he succeeded in concluding an armistice treaty.
- 1874年1月12日、板垣らは愛国公党を結成し、反政府運動を始めた。
- On January 12, 1874, Itagaki and others established the Aikokukoto Party and began an anti-government movement.
- なお、この町会所の実際の管理・運営は勘定所御用両替商があたっていた。
- The control and management of this machi-gaisho was carried out by the official exchangers licensed by the finance ministry.
- 日清戦争後の三国干渉に屈した第2次伊藤内閣を追及する運動を展開した。
- The party conducted a campaign to criticize the second Ito Cabinet for having yielded to the Triple Intervention after the Sino-Japanese War.
- 当時各社3銭、他社線に乗り換えるとさらに3銭の運賃体系となっていた。
- Each company costed three sen (hundredth of a yen), and extra three yen was charged for changing to the train line of another company.
- 長州藩の桂小五郎(後の木戸孝允)らと交流し、尊王攘夷運動に関与する。
- He got on with Kogoro KATSURA (later Takayoshi KIDO) of Choshu clan and participated in the Sonno Joi movement.
- 1908年記者を辞め、市川左團次 (2代目)の演劇革新運動に加わる。
- In 1908, he resigned the job of reporter for Hochi Shinbun, and joined the innovative drama movement started by Sadanji ICHIKAWA (the second).
- ちなみに「角倉」は運営していた土倉の名前の一つから取られた物である。
- In fact, 'Suminokura' was taken from the name of one of the doso that they operated.
- その時の運に対し、加賀の人々はその口惜しさを歌ったと伝えられている。
- It has been said that the people of Kaga Provinces sang the frustration to the fortune of that time.
- 安政の大獄によって松陰が刑死した後、尊攘運動の先頭に立つようになる。
- After Shoin was executed during the Ansei Purge, he succeeded as the leader of the Sonno Joi movement.
- 忠勝は「わしの命運もここまでか」と嘆き、実際にその数日後に死去した。
- He lamented, 'My life must be coming to its end,' and did in fact die a few days later.
- だが、幸運と独自の戦略眼によって信長はその窮地を脱し、覇者となった。
- However, due to good luck and his unique strategic perspective, Nobunaga escaped the difficulty to become the hegemon.
- そして運命の元禄14年3月13日 (旧暦)(1701年4月21日)。
- It was then that the fateful day of April 21, 1701 came.
- このとき、武市半平太と知り合って友人となり、尊王攘夷運動に傾倒する。
- He got to know Hanbeta TAKECHI and became friends at this time, and he became committed to Sonno Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners).
- 美濃国大垣船町(現・岐阜県大垣市)の誓運寺(真宗大谷派)に生まれる。
- He was born in the Seiun-ji Temple (Shinshu sect Otani school) in Ogaki Funamachi, Mino Province (Ogaki City, Gifu Prefecture).
- この際、老齢の義基も先頭に立って戦ったが、武運つたなく討ち死にした。
- At this point, Yoshimoto, who was well on in years, led the vanguard in the fight against the Taira forces, but the fortunes of war had turned against him, and he was killed in the fighting.
- このようにある氏族が特定の官庁運営を請け負う体制を官司請負制という。
- Such a system where a certain clan took charge in the administration of a specific bureau was called the government office contract system.
- 駆使丁は重労働の現業部門に置かれ、氷の運搬が非常に苦労したとみられる。
- Kushicho (general workers) was put in the field department of heavy labor and seems to have struggled very hard to transport ice.
- また、チャウ自身も日本に渡って奔走し、その人生を民族独立運動に捧げた。
- Chau also went to Japan himself and made every effort to further the independence movement, devoting his life to it.
- 1906年頃より大石誠之助らと共に和歌山県新宮市で社会主義運動を行う。
- He initiated socialist movement in Shingu City, Wakayama Prefecture around 1906 with some other members including Seinosuke OISHI.
- そんな有世が52歳(1378年)のときに一つの運命的な出会いを果たす。
- A fateful meeting came when Ariyo was 52 years old (1378).
- 稔彦王は「あなたの運転は、失礼ですが、まだ十分でないからお止めなさい。
- Prince Naruhiko refused the invitation, replying 'Forgive me for saying so, but I think your driving skill is as yet not perfect, so you had best refrain from driving.
- 明治4年(1871年)9月、横浜市税関・初代運上所長官(~5年2月)。
- Kagenori served as the first director of the tax office in the Yokohama Customs from October 1871 to March 1872.
- 陸軍奉行添役安富才助と共に、土方の遺体が五稜郭へ運ばれるのを見届けた。
- He and Saisuke YASUTOMI, an assistant to the Commander-in-Chief of the Army, watched the body of Hijikata carried to Goryokaku.
- かくて、民間諸団体を糾合し国家主義、アジア主義大同団結運動を目論んだ。
- He aimed to bring private association together and unite for a common purpose under the Nationalism and Asianism.
- ただし、藩によってはこのまま独自の運上金として継続するところもあった。
- Some domains, however, continued to impose business taxes on their own.
- 祖父の明石の入道が見た夢によって、将来は国母となる運命を約束されている。
- According to the dream her grandfather, Akashi no nyudo, had, she was promised her destiny to become a kokumo (mother of the emperor) in the future.
- 近代化した文芸たらしめるための文学運動を行い、発句が俳句として自立した。
- In order to elevate haikai poetry to a more modernized form of literature, he began a literary movement and successfully created a new form of poetry known as haiku.
- 古都・京都を舞台に、生き別れになった双子の姉妹の数奇な運命を描いた物語。
- With the old capital, Kyoto, as the setting, it describes the checkered destinies of twin sisters separated at birth.
- これは異例のことで、世人は密かに、不運な親王に多大な同情を寄せたという。
- Because this was against the norm, it is said that the by and large the sympathies of the people were secretly on the side of this unfortunate Imperial prince.
- 『風流仏』で評価され、『五重塔』『運命』などの作品で文壇での地位を確立。
- First recognized by 'Furyu butsu' (The Elegant Buddha) he established his position in the 'bundan' (coterie of recognized writers, critics and publishers) with his 'Goju no To' (The Five-Storied Pagoda), 'Unmei' (Destiny) and other works.
- 下等運賃でも米が5升半(約10kg)買えるほど高額なものであったという。
- It is said that even the third class fare was as expensive as about 10 kilogram of rice.
- また車輌を全国的に運用して各地方の繁忙・閑散に応じた配置が可能になった。
- Also, the utilization of railway vehicles were maximized in keeping up with the demand of the local seasonal change.
- この結果、無政府主義者やそれに近い者が社会運動の主流派を占めるに至った。
- As a result, anarchists and those close to anarchism became the majority in the socialist movement.
- 『明六雑誌』が発行されていた時期は、ちょうど自由民権運動の初期と重なる。
- The period when 'Meiroku Zasshi' was published overlapped the first stage of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement.
- 月形の地には以後監獄はなくなったが1970年代に刑務所の誘致運動が興る。
- Afterward, there was no more prisons on the land of Tsukigata, but after 1970, a movement welcoming the construction of prisons began.
- その運命が急転するのは、承久3年(1221年)に発生した承久の変である。
- His destiny changed radically because of the Jokyu Disturbance in 1221.
- その後三種の神器がその異母弟藤原道綱らの手により皇太子のもとに運ばれた。
- Later, the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family were carried to the Crown Prince by FUJIRWARA no Michitsuna, who was a younger brother from another mother of Michikane.
- しかし閣内の不一致や不安定な議会運営が続き、1年強で辞任に追い込まれた。
- But, lasting disagreement among cabinet members and unstable Diet management forced him to resign in a little over a year.
- ところが、久光には討幕の意思なぞない、上洛は公武合体の運動のためだった。
- However, Hisamitsu had no intention of attacking the shogunate, and his going to Kyoto was due to the kobu-gattai (movement for reconciliation between the imperial court and the shogunate).
- この情勢に目をつけた北野麹座は幕府への運上金と引き換えに幕府に接近する。
- Taking advantage of this situation, Kitano koji za approached the bakufu in exchange for tax paid to the bakufu.
- 言文一致運動からきた口語体に対して、昔の「候文」の由来を懐古する文である。
- This sentence looks back on the history of 'sorobun' in comparison with spoken style derived from the movement to unify the written and spoken styles of the Japanese language.
- 律令の運用形態も日本とは異なり、律令の不備を行う格式なども制定されていた。
- The administration of the Ritsuryo system in Changan was different from that employed in Japan; codes to amend defects found in the Ritsuryo, etc. were established.
- 銭座では寛永通寳の鋳造高の約一割を運上として幕府に納めるのが慣行であった。
- In ginza, about 10 % of minted amount of kaneitsukan was presented as tax to bakufu generally,
- また今東光が書くところによるとこの作品を『運命』と名付けたのは谷崎である。
- Toko KON suggests that Tanizaki was the god father of the work.
- しかし、頼朝との結びつきにより家運が上昇し、北条氏は鎌倉幕府の執権となる。
- Nevertheless, his connection with Yoritomo brought good luck to his family, and the HOJO clan finally won the seat of Shikken, or the regency of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 久坂玄瑞の紹介で吉田松陰が主催する松下村塾で学び、尊皇攘夷運動に参加した。
- Through the network of Genzui KUSAKA, he studied at the Shokason Juku under the tutelage of Shoin YOSHIDA, and took part in the Revere the Emperor and Expel the Barbarians movement.
- 鹿児島県下の火薬庫(弾薬庫ともいう)から火薬・弾薬を順次船で運びださせる。
- The gun powder and explosives in Kagoshima Prefecture were carried away from the powder magazine (also known as an explosives magazine) by ship one after another.
- また自由民権運動の士小室信夫・古沢滋らに依頼して、東京にいた板垣も招いた。
- Also he asked Nobuo KOMURO and Shigeru FURUSAWA, democratic activists, to invite Itagaki from Tokyo.
- 以後、1919年の公正会結成運動まで男爵議員の分散状態は続くことになった。
- After that, the circumstances of the baronial members disassembled continued until the Kousei-kai was formed in 1919.
- こうして成果のあらわれなかった運上金は宝永6年(1709年)に廃止された。
- In this way, the business taxes were abolished in 1709 with fruitless results.
- 水運が発達しており、港があったことから、それらの権益を財政基盤としていた。
- This advantage, which resulted in the advanced water transportation system and the development of river ports, rendered great financial support for the armed group.
- 1887年1月:有力幹部の死、請願運動停滞から会費未納増により温知社解散。
- January 1887: Onchisha was dissolved due to the deaths of influential leaders and the increase of unpaid membership fees due to inactive petition activity.
- 1882年(明治15年)には、海軍少将の身分のまま共同運輸会社社長に就任。
- In 1882, he took up the position of the president of Kyodo Unyu Kaisha (literary, a joint transportation company) while he was a rear admiral.
- 後に貴族院_(日本)となり地租増徴に反対するなど独自の政治運動を展開した。
- Afterwards, he became a member of the House of Peers, and carryed on his own political campaigns such as opposing a plan to increase land taxes.
- 1894年、自由民権運動の活動家で書生芝居をしていた川上音二郎と結婚した。
- In 1894, she married Otojiro KAWAKAMI who was a performer of student play (shosei shibai) as well as an activist of the movement for liberty and people's rights.
- このため、中国科学院によって数値予報システムが開発され、運用が開始された。
- Therefore, a numerical forecasting system has been developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and its operation has started.
- 躍動運動をする砂は一時的に舞い上がって移動し、沙塵暴のほとんどを構成する。
- The jumping sand is flung up for a short period of time and constitutes most of shachenbao sandstorm.
- さらに翌年の十五夜にも彼女を訪れて、その数奇な運命を予言して去るのであった。
- Furthermore, he descended again on the night of the full moon in the following year, and he foretold her unhappy fate, then left.
- 元々の担は、人夫1人が一度に運べる(担げる)重量として定義されたものである。
- Tan was originally defined as the weight which a single laborer could carry (to shoulder) at one time.
- 東大寺南大門 金剛力士立像 1203年(建仁3年) 運慶らとの共同制作 国宝
- Todai-ji Temple Nandai-mon Gate - Standing Statue of Kongo Rikishi (1203) Co-produced with Unkei and others, National Treasure
- 1994年(平成6年)には運輸省の発案により、「鉄道の日」と改称されている。
- The name was changed to 'Railway Day' in 1994, according to the suggestion of the Ministry of Transport.
- 後にレイは解雇されるが、インドから運ばれた資材は予定通りそのまま使用された。
- Although the Ray was discharged after that, the materials transported from India were used as planned.
- これに対し、政府側は1900年に治安警察法を制定して運動の規制に乗り出した。
- In response to such movements, the government started to control social movements by establishing the Security Police Law in 1900.
- また、徹底した緊縮財政とともに地方改良運動を起こして地方の立て直しを図った。
- In addition, it tried to put the local communities back on their feet by carrying out drastic fiscal retrenchment as well as starting the Movement for Local Community Improvement.
- その借地代をも運営資金に充当する、という型破りの手段を用いざるを得なかった。
- They even had to take drastic measures as applying the rent to the management funding.
- 現在でも開運を願って取り入れようとする人がおり、韓国や日本などで盛んである。
- Even today, there are people who use Fusui to bring good luck, and use of the theory is flourishing in Korea and Japan.
- その後も女性解放運動を続け、楠瀬の名は「民権ばあさん」として知られわたった。
- She continued the women's liberation movement, and her name was known as 'Minken Basan'.
- しかし、その後、教義や教団の運営方針、財産問題等を巡り、教団内で保革が対立。
- Thereafter, however, conventionalists and the reform group conflicted regarding disciples, management policy, and property issues.
- 輔煕は関白の座にありながらこの政局に関与できず、また三条らの帰京を運動した。
- Sukehiro, though serving as Kanpaku, was not able to be involved in this political situation, and in addition, he planed to have Sanjo and his colleagues return to Kyoto.
- 中老として尊攘倒幕運動で活躍し、渡辺昇ら「大村三七士」の一人として知られる。
- He was active in the 'sonno tobaku' (revere the emperor, overthrow the shogunate) movement, and was known as one of Noboru WATANABE's '37 Omura samurai.'
- この事故で成久王とフランス人運転手は即死、房子内親王と鳩彦王は重傷を負った。
- The accident instantly killed Prince Naruhisa and the French driver while Princess Fusako and Prince Yasuhiko were seriously injured.
- 「一番丸」就航以降は様々な運営主体による汽船が就航し、大津百艘船も増加した。
- After 'Ichibanmaru' went into service, steamships of various operators went into service and the number of water routes was also increased.
- 『令義解(りようのぎげ)』はこうした気運のなかで斤定された公的注釈書である。
- 'Ryo no gige' (commentary on the Ryo) is a public commentary published during such trends.
- 哨戒所にて衣服を剥いだ後、直火にて遺体を解凍し、棺に収容して本部まで運搬した。
- In the patrol post, the bodies were stripped off, thawed by direct heat, and carried to the headquarters in coffins.
- いずれも亡国の憂いを抱き、権利の回復運動に進もうとするかれらの交情が描かれる。
- The story develops around the friendship among those three, who were grieving over their circumstances of being on exile, and trying to restore their rights.
- 二百名の手勢を得た八郎は翌日、朝廷に建白書の受納を願い出て幸運にも受理された。
- Hachiro, who was given his own force of 200 men, requested to the Imperial Government to be allowed to submit a Petition, which was fortunately accepted.
- 辰丸事件(たつまる じけん)は、中国における排日運動の嚆矢となった有名な事件。
- The 'Tatsumaru Incident' is a famous incident which triggered the anti-Japanese campaign in China.
- 以後自由民権運動における政府批判と議会設置を求めるスローガンとして用いられた。
- Later the term was used as a slogan for criticizing the government and requesting the establishment of a parliament in the Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Rights).
- 幕府からの運営資金が不足したため、平蔵は幕府から資金を借りて銭相場に投資した。
- Since Ninsokuyoseba lacked a funding from the Shogunate, Heizo borrowed a funding from the Shogunate to invest in the exchange market.
- 地価決定後の税率見直を求める運動や新地価に基づく小作料の改訂に対する小作争議。
- A movement to request a review on tax rates after the decision of land prices, and a tenancy dispute on the revised farm rent based on the new land prices
- 観行院の墓所は昭和27年(1952年)、芝学園運動場拡張工事の際に発掘された。
- The graveyard of Kangyoin was excavated in 1952 when the playground of Shiba Gakuen was extended.
- そのとき穂積百足は小墾田の兵庫(武器庫)にあって、武器を近江国に運ばせていた。
- HOZUMI no Momotari was letting his soldiers move weapons to Omi Province at Hyogo (a shed of weapon) in a small newly cultivated land at that time.
- 特に、自由民権運動では政府の買収に応じるなど、同活動家を幾度も失望させている。
- Especially, Goto often disappointed the members of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement by having been bought off by the government.
- 祖父安達景盛の叱咤を受けた泰盛は、安達家の命運を賭けた戦いの先鋒として戦った。
- Encouraged by his grandfather Kagemori ADACHI, Yasumori fought in the vanguard at the battle which would decide the fate of the Adachi family.
- その後は実業界に転じて、サッポロビールの設立に関与し、利根運河社長をつとめた。
- After that, he turned to be a businessman and played an important roll in establishing Sapporo Breweries Ltd., and then, he became a president of Toneunga (the Tone Canal) Corporation.
- ハーバード大学法学部で法律を学び、帰国後、専修学校の立案・運営に深く参画した。
- He learned law at Harvard Law School, and he got deeply involved in founding and running Senshu School after returning to Japan.
- しかし明治時代に陸運が重視されると、陸路による東京までの交通整備が進められた。
- However, when land transportation became important in Meiji period, land routes to Tokyo were developed.
- 座は仕入の独占を行い、必要に応じてはその商品の運搬路や運送具の独占すら行った。
- A za monopolized the purchase of goods, and they also even monopolized transport routes for those goods and equipment for transportation, if necessary.
- その後しばらくの間、以仁王の生存説が噂され、またそれが反平氏運動に利用された。
- For a while after the fighting had ended, rumors persisted that prince Mochihito was alive, rumors moreover that were useful to anti-Taira activities.
- が、同じく被差別部落に生まれた解放運動家、猪子蓮太郎をひた隠しに慕うようになる。
- However, he secretly revered Rentaro INOKO, a liberation activist who was also born into a buraku community.
- 結局、護憲運動の高まりで桂内閣は大正2年2月11日に辞意を表明した(大正政変)。
- In the end, because of the strengthening of the movement to protect the constitution, the Katsura Cabinet announced its resignation on February 11, 1913 (Taisho Political Change).
- その利益を運営資金に充当、また大名屋敷跡地を有力商人に資材置き場として賃貸した。
- Then they applied the profits to the management funding, and rented the sites of the mansions of feudal lords to influential merchants.
- 1900年前後に議院内閣制の慣行が確立されると政党内閣による政権運営が定着した。
- Around 1900, when the parliamentary cabinet system became customary, the governmental management by party cabinets was firmly established.
- 8月には自由民権運動弾圧法の新聞紙条例や讒謗律を批判し禁錮・罰金刑を科せられる。
- In August of the same year, he was sentenced to imprisonment and fine for criticizing the Shinbunshi Jorei (Press Ordinance) and 'Zamboritsu' (Libel Law), designed to oppress 'Jiyu Minken Undo' (Movement for Liberty and People's Rights).
- 東京~新潟間を疾走する小高雄二の運転するワゴン車にクレジットタイトルが被るもの。
- The background for the title was a scene of Yuji ODAKA driving a wagon from Tokyo to Niigata consisting of the following shots:
- 神戸の海運業者の父親と、京都の芸妓の母親との間に妾腹の子として京都市に生まれる。
- He was born in Kyoto as an illegitimate child to a father who was a shipping agent in Kobe, and a mother who was a geisha in Kyoto.
- 驚いて駆けつけてきた藤原宗忠に、忠実はただ「運が尽きた」と語った(『中右記』)。
- An astonished FUJIWARA no Munetada came running and was told by Tadazane he had 'run out of luck' (Munetada's 'Chuyu-ki' chronicle).
- 命運の尽きたことを悟った盛政は、自ら直接秀吉に対面したいので引き渡すよう言った。
- Knowing that his life was drawing to an end, Morimasa asked them to hand him over to Hideyoshi to meet Hideyoshi face-to-face.
- そのせいか、生前と同じように食事が運ばれるなど、いろいろなお世話がなされている。
- They prepare meals for her, and attend to her just as when she lived.
- しかし、自分を運ぶ輿を踏み抜いてみせるなど、為朝の剛勇ぶりはあいかわらずであった。
- However, Tametomo is intrepid, and he stamps his feet in order to break through the bottom of the palanquin that carries him.
- 鹿介の死は尼子再興運動の終幕ではあったが、尼子遺臣団の完全な解体とはならなかった。
- The death of Shikanosuke resulted in the termination of the campaign to restore the status of the Amago clan, but did not lead to the complete dissolution of the Amago Remnant Corps.
- 兵数において劣るものの、明智軍は当時の織田軍団では最も鉄砲運用に長けていたと言う。
- The Akechi army was said to be most skillful with guns among the ODA troops in those days, though it was inferior in number of soldiers.
- また、全区間の運賃は上等が1円12銭5厘、中等が75銭、下等が37銭5厘であった。
- Fares for the entire line were 1.125 yen for the first class, 0.75 yen for the second class and 0.375 yen for the third class.
- 陸奥では中央に貢納する租庸調・庸の貢納が免除され、城柵の運営財源として使用された。
- Mutsu was exempt from paying Soyochoyo (Yo of Soyocho tax system; Labor or alternative goods) to the central government, and those were used as financial resources for the management of josaku.
- 『立坊次第』(紹運要略)には、天智天皇10年に「同年12月5日帝位に即く」とある。
- 'Ritsubo Shidai' (Joun Gairyaku) says 'he was enthroned on December 5' in the 10th year of Emperor Tenchi.
- これは『明六雑誌』が、地方人士の自由民権運動に参加するきっかけとなった一例である。
- This was an example that 'Meiroku Zasshi' promoted local jinshi to join the Freedom and People's Rights Movement.
- 運転席の小高を真横で並行して走る車から捉えてナメるように対向移動していくショット。
- The shot of Odaka on the driver seat taken from a running car in parallel which exactly moved together.
- - 陸海元会社(現、日本通運)、報知新聞(現・スポーツ報知)の設立及び刊行に関与。
- He participated in the establishment of Rikuun-Motogaisha (a land transportation company) (Nippon Express Co., Ltd. at present) and publication of Hochi Shinbun (newspaper) (Sports Hochi at present).
- 鹿鳴館時代の1886年、伊藤の意向を受けて歌舞伎の近代化のため演劇改良運動を興す。
- In 1886, during the period of Rokumeikan, Kencho initiated movement for improving theatrical performance in order to modernize Kabuki according to ITO's wish.
- 戦時の間に中断されていた運河開削が有志によって再開され、完成に至るとこれを賞した。
- The excavation of a canal which was suspended during the wartime was restarted by volunteers, and he praised this when it was completed.
- それ以外にも、河原者は井戸掘り、歌舞伎、運搬業、行商、造園業などにも従事していた。
- In addition, the Kawaramono were engaged in well digging, kabuki, haulage, peddling, gardening, and the like.
- また12面の大黒像を打った十二面大黒丁銀は江戸幕府への運上用あるいは祝儀用とされる。
- The junimen-daikoku chogin where daikoku by 12 phases were inscribed were for taxation to Edo bakufu(Japanese feudal government headed by shogun) or celebration.
- 運慶の現存最古作は、安元2年(1176年)に完成した奈良・円成寺の大日如来像である。
- The oldest work in existence by Unkei is the statue of Dainichi Nyorai (Vairocana), completed in 1176, located at Enjo-ji Temple in Nara.
- この法華経は現在「運慶願経」と呼ばれている(京都・真正極楽寺蔵および個人像、国宝)。
- This Hokekyo is currently called 'Unkei Gangyo' (stored at the Shinsho Gokuraku-ji Temple in Kyoto, privately owned, and a national treasure).
- ここにおいて天皇と時頼の思惑が一致したため、「皇族将軍」誕生の運びとなったのである。
- At this point, the Emperor and Tokiyori shared a mutual interest, leading to the birth of the 'Imperial Shogun.'
- 鉄道とはいっても、鉄板で補強した木のレールを使用し、牛馬で運行していたものであった。
- Although it was referred as 'a railway,' it was no more than wooden rails reinforced with iron plates, whose coach ran by oxen or horses.
- 自由民権運動家の立場から、華族制度には消極的な立場であったため授爵の勅を二度断った。
- From the standpoint of a Jiyu Minken Undo activist, Itagaki took a negative attitude toward the peerage system and declined twice to accept the imperial decree of granting the peerage.
- 広常の態度は「志ヲ尽シ思ヲ運テ賞玩シ愛養スル事甚シ」かったという(『源平盛衰記』)。
- 'Genpei Seisui ki' (Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and the Taira clans) describes Hirotsune's attitude as 'Hirotsune welcomed Tadakiyo thoughtfully in a cordial manner.'
- 史書というより歴史物語と言うべきだが、幕末の尊皇攘夷運動に与えた影響は甚大であった。
- The book should be called historical fiction rather than historical record, but it exerted an immense influence on the sonno joi movement (the movement under the slogan of 'Revere the Emperor Expel the Barbarians') at the end of Edo period.
- そして観山、広業、春草、武山、等々がこれに従って、私財を投入して設立運営に奔走する。
- Kanzan, Hironari, Shunso, Buzan and others then followed Tenshin and were busily involved in the establishment and management, investing their own funds.
- 今これを視ると、達筆とは言えないが、雄勁な筆運びで、勇武な気性がよくあらわれている。
- We cannot say that he had good handwriting, but the pithy brushwork showed his brave spirit.
- 松次郎の運命を左右することになったのが大阪の人気役者初代中村鴈治郎との提携であった。
- Matsujiro's partnership with Ganjiro NAKAMURA I who was a popular actor in Osaka determined his destiny.
- 以降、忠実な義経の郎党として付き従い、最後は衣川館にて主君と命運をともにしたという。
- Since then Yoshihisa followed Yoshitsune as a faithful retainer and it is said that he died with his lord at Koromogawa no Tachi, the residence of the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- 約半年に及ぶ滞在期間中に何人かの日本人を艦上に招待して、蒸気車の模型の運転を展示した。
- During his stay of almost over a half year, he invited a few Japanese guests on board to demonstrate a model steam locomotive in operation.
- また、元々日本では海上交通(海運)が栄えていたものの、貨物・人員の輸送量が増えていた。
- Although seaborne traffic (marine transport) had been developed in Japan, transport of men and freight was increasing.
- 当時京浜間と京阪神間のみの運転であったが、軍隊の集結や港への輸送に大きな効果があった。
- It was operated only between Tokyo and Yokohama, and Osaka, Kyoto and Kobe however it was greatly effective in transporting troops and supplies to the shipping ports.
- 社会主義運動の指導者層が一挙に拘束されたことで、社会主義者らは動揺し、警察に反発した。
- As leaders of the social movement were arrested all together, socialists got upset and rebelled against the police.
- 第2次護憲運動においては、研究会主導の清浦内閣を攻撃して護憲三派とともに倒閣に動いた。
- During the second pro-Constitution movement they attacked the Kiyoura Cabinet led by Kenkyu-kai group and campaigned to topple the government with three pro-Constitution factions.
- 康慶は「慶派」と呼ばれる仏師系譜の基礎を築いた人物で、子に運慶、弟子に快慶などがいる。
- He established the foundation for family records of Busshi called 'Keiha school,' with his son Unkei and disciples including Kaikei.
- また、特に写経所での米の運用などは、利益をすべて雄足の手元におさめていたわけではない。
- It is not that he always obtained all the profit particularly from the management of rice production of the Sutra copying office.
- 一説では流罪の身となった頼朝を伊豆へ運んだのは、頼政の配下の摂津国の渡辺氏だとされる。
- There was a theory that the deported Yoritomo was transported to Izu by the Watanabe clan of Settsu Province which was at that time was controlled by Yorimasa.
- 類い希な天運に恵まれた彼の生涯の中で、唯一ともいうべき不運は嫡男・隆元の早世であった。
- The only misfortune in his otherwise exceptionally fortunate life was the premature death of his heir Terumoto.
- 朝廷・幕府・雄藩の政治的提携を企図する久光の運動は、亡兄斉彬の遺志を継ぐものとされた。
- It was said that Hisamitsu's movement to plan political cooperation among Imperial Court, Shogunate, and the major domains was to succeed the last wish of Nariakira, his elder brother.
- しかも家康が忠輝に所領を与えたのは、政宗や茶阿局らの運動があったためとも言われている。
- In addition, it was apparently because there were movements by people such as Masamune and Chaa no Tsubone that Ieyasu gave Tadateru some territories.
- 後醍醐天皇が討幕運動を起こすと、幕府御家人であった足利尊氏や新田義貞らが宮方に属する。
- When Emperor Godaigo launched the anti-shogunate movement, shogunal retainers of the Kamakura bakufu including Takauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA sided with the imperial court.
- 後醍醐天皇らの討幕運動(元弘の乱)が起こると、幕府軍の大将の一人として各地を転戦した。
- When the anti-shogunate movement (Genko War) was caused by the group of Emperor Godaigo, Takanao moved from place to place to fight as one of major captains of the bakufu army.
- 自由民権運動に同情して国会開設意見書を提出して早期の憲法公布と国会の即時開設を説いた。
- Sympathizing with the Democratic-rights movement, he submitted a written proposal for the establishment of the National Diet and appealed for the issuance of the Constitution in an earlier period and the immediate establishment of the National Diet.
- キリスト教婦人矯風会にも参加し、その風俗部長に就任するとともに、廃娼運動にも取り組む。
- She joined the Christian Women Ethics Club, worked as the Manner Chief of the club, and got involved in the prostitute abolishment movement.
- 春はそういった条件が整いやすいことから頻繁に発生し、比較的遠くまで運ばれる傾向にある。
- In spring, kosa is generated frequently because the conditions are likely to be met, and has the tendency of being carried over a relatively long distance.
- 最晩年の運慶の仕事は、源実朝・北条政子・北条義時など、鎌倉幕府要人の関係に限られている。
- During the very last years of his life, Unkei worked only for important people of the Kamakura bakufu such as MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, Masako HOJO, and Yoshitoki HOJO.
- 一つはひまし油(ひましゆ)を下剤として飲む方法であり、もう一つは運動をする方法であった。
- The first treatment is drinking ricinus as a laxative, and the other was exercising.
- 首は、美酒に浸けて運ばれたものの、折からの暑気で腐敗し、誰の首かわからなくなったという。
- It is said that although the head was dipped in fine sake, it discomposed due to the hot climate during that season and it became unidentifiable.
- この運動は広東省内にはもちろん、華南、南洋まで及び、不況下の日本への打撃は深刻であった。
- This movement expanded not only within the Guangdong Province but also in South China and the South Seas, gravely damaging Japan under depression.
- さらにこれ以後、散逸した経典や群書の蒐集と一切経蔵建立の運動に一生を捧げることを誓った。
- Furthermore, Dokaku took an oath to devote his entire life toward two tasks; to collect the scattered and ultimately lost Buddhist scriptures and books and to build an Issai-kyo Zo (a depository to keep the complete collection of scriptures).
- 季忠は小規模ながら水走水軍を創設し、大和川・淀川流域に水運を支配することで勢力を強めた。
- Suetada founded the Mizuhai Navy--although its scale was small--and fortified his control over water transportation in regions alongside the Yamato River and River Yodo.
- 青梅街道や甲州街道沿いに敷設したかったが、当時鉄道敷設には強烈な反対運動が起こっていた。
- Although he initially planned to lay the railroads along the Ome-kaido Road and along the Kosyu-kaido Road, residents had been developping a strong movement against building a railway at that time.
- 文久3年(1863年)にも、尊王攘夷運動の活発化に伴い嫌疑を受け、幕府に捕えられている。
- As Sonno Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) was increasingly more intensified, her involvement in the movement was suspected and she was captured by the bakufu.
- 1924年(大正13)頃に河井寛次郎の講演に感銘を受け、河井や柳宗悦らの民藝運動に加わる
- 1924: KURODA was impressed with Kanjiro KAWAI's speech and became a member of the Mingei (folk crafts) movement lead by people such as KAWAI and Soetsu YANAGI.
- 文人達の集まる琴会(古琴を愉しむ会)にたびたび足を運んだが、自身は琵琶平家琵琶を嗜んだ。
- While Sanyo often participated in koto kai (the gathering to appreciate the sound of guqin [ancient Chinese seven stringed zither]) where literary men gathered, Sanyo himself played Heike biwa (Japanese lute).
- 585年に物部守屋による廃仏運動により法衣を奪われて全裸にされ、群衆の目前で鞭打たれた。
- In 585, Ezen-ni was stripped of all of her clerical garments and whipped in front of people due to an anti-Buddhist movement by MONONOBE no Moriya.
- 実際の運営は諸官庁の長官を世襲していた公家に任され、更に代官を任じてこれを請け負わせた。
- The actual operation was entrusted to nobles that worked as administrators of inherited government offices, and further undertaken by locally assigned magistrates.
- しかし、警察を運営する資金調達に難航したことから、居留地会は神奈川奉行に警察権を返上した。
- The Settlement Party ran into difficulties raising funds to cover the administration and operation of a police force, however, so they relinquished their police powers to the magistrate of Kanagawa.
- 敗北が決定的になると「我ら運さえ良ければ天下は大坂たるよ」と言い残し再起を図って逃亡した。
- When the defeat became decisive, he fled to try to come back saying 'If we are lucky, the whole country could be in the hands of the Osaka side.'
- だが、6月2日の本能寺の変によって、信長が横死したため、前久の運命も変転を余儀なくされる。
- However, Nobunaga died an unnatural death in the Honnoji Incident on July 1, and Sakihisa's destiny was out of his own hands.
- すぐに平野らが救助したが、月照は死亡し、西郷は運良く蘇生したが、回復に一ヶ月近くかかった。
- Hirano rescued them quickly, but Gesshu had already died; luckily Saigo survived but it took him a month to recover.
- これはその一方で院近臣を信頼できる側近・能吏に絞り込む効果もあり、院政運営の都合もあった。
- This also had an effect of limiting In no Kinshin (retired Emperor's courtiers) to reliable close advisers and able officials, which was necessary to the Insei management.
- 1869年(明治2年)には、北海道茅沼炭鉱にて、炭鉱軌道(茅沼炭鉱軌道)が運行を開始した。
- In 1869, a coal-mine railway (Kayanuma coal-mine railway) started running in the Kayanuma coal mine in Hokkaido.
- 鉄道は大評判となり、開業翌年には大幅な利益を計上したが、運賃収入の大半は旅客収入であった。
- It was a big success and in the year following the opening year, it made a big profit and most of the revenue was from the passengers fares.
- 小学校の運営は各学区に任されていたため、富んだ区と、そうでない区の教育差が歴然とし始めた。
- Since primary schools were operated by each ward, it began creating education gap between wards with resources and the ones without.
- 兄がなければ、私の家は水越のおっさんと同一の運命でなければならぬ事は分かりきった事である。
- It is needless to say that my family must have the same destiny as that of Mizukoshi's old man without my older brother.
- そして、鎌倉公方の下知と称して京都に運ばれる年貢などを掠奪する事件が起こる(額田郡一揆)。
- They plundered tribute rice being carried to Kyoto pretending that they had a command from Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) (uprising in Nukata-gun).
- 扶余豊(扶余豊璋)自身も被害者意識があったことなどから、百済復興運動は巧く機能しなかった。
- Also, as Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO), himself, harbored hard feelings as he had been sent to Japan as a hostage, the Baekje revival movement did not turn out as people expected.
- 弟に道興(僧正准三后)、増運(大僧正准三后)、政深(権僧正法印)、政弁(大僧正)らがいる。
- There were Doko (Sojo (high-ranking Buddhist priest), Jusango (honorary rank next to the three Empresses: Great Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager, and Empress)), Zoun (daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order) and Jusango), Masazuka (政深) (Gonsojo (the lowest grade that can be held by one who has reached the highest rank in the hierarchy of Buddhist priests), Hoin (the highest rank in the hierarchy of Buddhist priests)), and Masasuke (政弁) (Daisojo) as his younger brothers.
- 頼朝死去の前後、大姫 (源頼朝の娘)入内運動の失敗により朝廷の反幕府派が攻勢を強めていた。
- Around the period of Yoritomo's death, the power of the anti-bakufu group in the Imperial Court was strengthened by the failure of the judai (an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into court) campaign of Ohime (a daughter of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo).
- また病状の進行を速めたのは稽古の激しい運動の為、肺に負担をかけたせいもあるとの仮説もある。
- It is also thought that his intense exercise might have been an added burden on his lungs and aggravated his illness.
- 崋山はこれに強く反発し、用人の真木定前らとともに康明の異母弟・三宅友信の擁立運動を行った。
- Kazan strongly opposed their plan and conducted an effort, together with Sadachika MAKI, one of the lord chamberlains, demanding that Yasuaki's half-brother Tomonobu MIYAKE be made the next lord.
- 尊王攘夷運動に奔走すべく藩を脱した三樹三郎は、江戸深川の道場主・兄伊東のもとに身を寄せる。
- Mikisaburo, having left the domain in order to work for Sonno Joi Movement (the movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners), stayed with his older brother Ito, who was the owner of a dojo (training hall) in Fukagawa, Edo.
- 法名は「源樹院天勝宗運大居士」で、同寺創建者の甥・元親よりも一段格の高い法名となっている。
- His posthumous Buddhist name is 'Genjuin Tensho Soun Daikoji,' which is of higher rank than that of his nephew Motochika who founded the same temple.
- 世情が落ち着いてからは、もっぱら領国の開発に力を入れ、後に貞山堀と呼ばれる運河を整備した。
- Once the social conditions calmed and settled, Masamune mainly put of his effort on the development of his territory lands, and he developed Teizan-bori Canal since then.
- 則義は蕃書調所の小使いから1867年(慶応3年)には同心株を買い、運良く幕府直参となった。
- Noriyoshi began as a servant in the Bansho shirabesho (a government-run Western studies education and research institute) and, by good fortune, became a jikisan (immediate retainer) of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) by buying a kabu (a right to become doshin) of doshin (a low-ranked official) in 1867.
- 明治11年(1878年)福島県庁に辞表を提出し、東北地方での民権運動に力を注ぐことになる。
- In 1878, he tendered his resignation to Fukushima Prefectural Office, and devoted himself to the movement for civil rights in Tohoku Region.
- 道路は完成したものの、陸運の中心が鉄道に切り替わったために街道整備は時代遅れになっていた。
- Although the construction of the roads were completed, the mainstay of land transportation had already shifted to railways and road development became out of date.
- 拠点間輸送には水運が多用され、東南アジア地域の輸送ネットワークの一部としても機能していた。
- For transportation between bases, transportation by water was used largely and it functioned also as a part of the transportation network in Southeast Asia.
- 後年、旧藩士らの手弁当による叙勲運動により、養子が他の旧藩主より一段低い男爵に叙任された。
- Later, he was given the title of Baron, lower by one rank from the lord of the domain, thanks to voluntary actions by former retainers of the domain to confer upon him an order.
- 東京再幸の反対運動の騒動の際には、ときの情勢に乗じて名古屋遷都を画策するものまで現われた。
- There were also plans made for the transfer of the capital to Nagoya during these situations when there was turmoil from the opposition against visiting Tokyo.
- 門弟に二条良基のほかに、周阿・永運・素阿・利阿らがおり、室町時代初期の連歌界の周流をなした。
- In addition to his main pupil Yoshimoto NIJO, his disciples (pupils) included Shua, Eiun,, Soa, and Ria, and Sadafumi's poetic style also influenced the development and spread of Renga circles in the early Muromachi period.
- 一方で、優柔不断で特に女性関係には消極的だが、身分低い女房などが相手の時は積極的に事を運ぶ。
- On the other hand, he had indecisiveness and especially passive in relationships with women, but carried things out quickly if his partner was a lower level court lady.
- 運慶は、奈良に当時多く残っていた仏像の古典作品を研究し、独自の作風を切り開いたものであろう。
- Unkei perhaps studied the large amount of classic Buddhist statues that were left in Nara, discovering and establishing his own style.
- しかし、遺骸を運ぶときに川の中に沈んでしまい、櫛箱と比礼(薄い肩掛け)のみを埋葬したという。
- However, her body sank into the river while being carried to the grave, so only her comb box and hire (thin sash) were buried in the grave.
- 直轄領の年貢の納付先である浅草御蔵をはじめとする幕府御蔵の維持・運営経費の捻出を名目とした。
- The revenue from this tax subsidized the expense of maintenance and management of bakufu okura (rice storehouses of the Edo shogunate) such as the Asakusa okura where nengu (land tax) from direct control territories were delivered to.
- また、江戸時代には天秤棒を担いで、その両端に売りものをぶら下げて担いで運搬することがあった。
- In the Edo period, peddlers sometimes carried a yoke hanging their products from both ends of it for transport.
- しかし、徳多は右大臣大伴長徳とともに中大兄皇子・藤原鎌足との協調を図りながら政権を運営した。
- However, Tokuta administered the government with Minister of the Right OTOMO no Nagatoko, in cooperation with Imperial Prince Naka no oe and FUJIWARA no Kamatari.
- 明治17年(1884年)10月、自由民権運動の激化で加波山事件が起き、自由党を一旦解党した。
- In October 1884, intensifying Jiyu Minken Undo culminated in the Kabasan Incident (a failed terror attack attempt and subsequent harsh crackdown on activists of Jiyu Minken Undo in Ibaraki and Tochigi Prefectures), prompting Itagaki to dissolve the Liberal Party for the time being.
- しかし、今井同様に解雇された左翼系映画人たちが次々と独立プロを立ち上げる運動が活発となった。
- Leftist filmmakers who were fired from the same reason as Imai actively started one independent production company after another.
- 彼が弄する策略の特徴としては、極めて長い時間をかけて周到に、根気強く事を運ぶという点がある。
- It was one of the characteristics of his strategy that he patiently and deliberately took time before taking action.
- また、「日本人はアヘンを禁止しようとしている」という危機感が抗日運動の引き金のひとつだった。
- One of the triggers of the anti-Japanese movement came from the impending fear that the Japanese administration was trying to ban opium.
- 沼津では、旧幕臣の授産事業として、愛鷹山官林の払い下げ運動や茶の輸出会社の設立などを行った。
- In Numazu, under a work program established for former retainers of the bakufu, he established a company for exporting tea, conducted a movement of disposing the government forest on Mt. Ashitaka, and so on.
- 長政と仲睦まじかった正室の市は運命を共にする決意であったが長政から諌められ、帰還を決意した。
- Ichi, a lawful wife of Nagamasa who had been happily married to him, decided to share the same fate as him, but Nagamasa convinced her and she decided to return home.
- 帰国後、早稲田大学文学部教授となり「早稲田文学」を主宰して自然主義運動のため大いに活躍する。
- After he came back to Japan, he became a professor of the School of Letters, Arts and Sciences at Waseda University and edited 'Waseda Bungaku,' actively involved in the naturalist movement.
- 一方で、黄砂による砂塵の運搬が、自然環境の中で重要な役割を果たしていることも指摘されている。
- On the other hand, it is also pointed out that the movement of dust due to kosa plays an important role in the natural environment.
- 物語は最後に、為朝以上の源氏はいないことを述べて、運つたなく朝敵となって果てたことを慨歎する。
- Ultimately, the tale says that the Minamoto clan will come to an end because, as an enemy of the emperor, Tametomo must, unfortunately, die.
- 二条派(歌道)再興の祖とされ、20歳代で慶運・浄弁・吉田兼好とともに和歌四天王の一人とされた。
- He was a progenitor for the revival of the Nijo group (who had practiced the 'way of waka') and while still in his twenties, he was counted among the Four Heavenly Kings of Waka, along with Keiun, Joben, and Kenko YOSHIDA.
- 毛髪は自分の意に反して伸び続ける事から、文学では古来「どうにもならない事」「運命」を象徴する。
- Hair keeps growing against our will, therefore hair has been a symbol of 'something beyond human control' or 'destiny' in literature since ancient times.
- しかし、その発行・運用形態は藩札と非常に類似しているため、広義の藩札として扱われる場合がある。
- However, since it was issued and operated in a manner that was quite similar to Han-satsu, Hatamoto-satsu is sometimes treated as Han-satsu in a broad sense.
- 地方勘定帳(じかたかんじょうちょう)は、年貢・小物成・運上・冥加などの出納・皆済後決算を扱う。
- Local account books used to record revenue and expenditure, as well as settlements after payments in full, for land taxes, miscellaneous taxes, public levies imposed on workers, license fees, etc.
- 興福寺の再興造像は、円派、院派と呼ばれる京都仏師と、康慶・運慶らの属する奈良仏師とが分担した。
- Statue restoration work at Kofuku-ji Temple was shared between Kyoto-based Buddhist statue sculptors known as the En-pa and In-pa (En school and In school), and Nara-based Buddhist statue sculptors such as Kokei and Unkei.
- 建仁3年(1203年)には東大寺南大門の金剛力士(仁王)像の造営に運慶らとともに参加している。
- In 1203, he participated with Unkei and others in producing the statue of Kongo Rikishi (Nio) at Todai-ji Temple Nandai-mon Gate (Great south gate).
- 信長の死を知った孝高は秀吉に対して、「御運が開かれる機会が参りましたな」と進言したといわれる。
- It is said that upon learning of Nobunaga's death, Yoshitaka said to Hideyoshi, 'Your lucky opportunity has arrived, hasn't it?'
- 欧州でドイツが破竹の進撃を続けるなか、国内でも「バスに乗り遅れるな」という機運が高まっていた。
- While Germany's advance continued unchecked in Europe, momentum was also rising within Japan 'not to miss the bus.'
- 1912年の第1次護憲運動の後、大正7年(1918年)9月に立憲政友会の原敬が内閣を組閣した。
- After the first Constitution protection movement in 1912, Takashi HARA of the Rikken seiyukai formed his Cabinet in September 1918.
- 森近 運平(もりちか うんぺい、1881年1月20日 - 1911年1月24日)は社会主義者。
- Unpei MORICHIKA (January 20, 1881 - January 24, 1911) was a socialist.
- この内閣では星亨率いる憲政党との妥協によって、議会運営の円滑化を図り、地租増徴案を成立させた。
- In this administration, he came to terms with the Kensei (Constitutional) Party led by Toru HOSHI, smoothened assembly meetings, and established the Land Tax Increase Law.
- 左大臣近衛忠煕や内大臣三条実万とともに献策して、水戸藩へ勅諚を賜るよう運動する(戊午の密勅)。
- Working with Sadaijin (minister of the left) Tadahiro KONOE and Naidaijin Sanetsumu SANJO, he played a key role in submitting a plan to the emperor to give the Mito clan an imperial decree (Bogo no mitchoku - a secret imperial decree).
- 山田にとって、『運がよけりゃ』に続く2度目の時代劇であり、藤沢作品を初映画化したものであった。
- This was Yamada's second period drama following 'Un Ga Yokerya' (If You Are Lucky), and the first Fujisawa novel to be made into a movie.
- 地元京都では商人と言うより琵琶湖疏水の設計者である田辺朔郎と共に「水運の父」として有名である。
- Locally, in Kyoto, he is well-known as 'the father of water transport' rather than a merchant, along with Sakuro TANABE, who was the designer of Lake Biwa Canal.
- しかし、嫁ぎ先より帰った運命を恥じて実家に戻れぬままとなり、我が子を育ててつつ静かに暮らした。
- But ashamed of her broken marriage, Tekona lived quietly bringing her child up without returning to her parents' home.
- またこの時、明治天皇に理由を聞かれた山本は「東郷は運のいい男ですから」と奏したと言われている。
- Yamamoto also reportedly told Emperor Meiji that his reason for selecting him was because he was 'a man of good fortune.'
- 1907年、田村は本因坊継承の運動を盛んに行っていたものの結局秀栄は後継を決めないままに死去。
- In 1907, despite Tamura's continuous appeal for the right to succeed the title of Honinbo, Shuei died without designating his successor.
- この様に配下国人衆に対して明確な目標を掲げ、それに従わせることによって尼子氏は運営されていた。
- The Amago clan was run by creating a clear target for their Kokujin-shu to aim at.
- いずれにしても赤穂城開城後は伏見に移住して大石内蔵助らによる浅野家御家再興運動に助力している。
- After the surrender of Ako Castle, Shigeyuki moved to Fushimi and contributed to the campaign for the restoration of the Asano clan, which was led by Kuranosuke (Yoshio) OISHI.
- 郷里に戻り、任地である福島県石川町で石陽社を設立し、東北地方の自由民権運動のさきがけとなった。
- He went back to his hometown, and he established Sekiyosha in his duty station, Ishikawa-machi, Fukushima Prefecture, and it became the pioneer of Jiyu Minken Undo in Tohoku Region.
- しかし、この頃聖徳太子以来、皇室の周辺に国政を天皇中心に改革せんとする気運が強まったとされた。
- However, around this period, there was a strong cry among the imperial households for a reform of national administration centering on the emperor since the period of Prince Shotoku.
- 彼の指示で団員がリヤカーに水や土を運び、若木がしっかりと根付くよう丹精こめて植樹したのである。
- Under his instruction, members of the association carried water and soil with carts and plant young trees carefully so that the trees could take root reliably.
- 『源氏物語』に登場する玉鬘も数奇な運命と自らの美しさが引き起こす騒動に翻弄され続けた女性である。
- Tamakazura in 'The Tale of Genji' is also at the mercy of her fate due to the incidents triggered by her hapless fate and beauty.
- 山本勉 「新出の大日如来像と運慶」 『MUSEUM』589号(2004年4月)、東京国立博物館。
- Tsutomu YAMAMOTO, 'The Newly Discovered Statue of Dainichi Nyorai and Unkei,' 'MUSEUM' volume 589, Tokyo National Museum (April, 2004).
- 特に江戸時代には忠義の武将としての側面が描かれ、悲運の英雄としての「山中鹿之助」が作られていく。
- In the Edo period, in particular, he was depicted as a faithful warlord, which led to the creation of the image of 'Shikanosuke YAMANAKA' as an ill-fated hero.
- しかし、国民各層にはその考え方が次第に浸透して行き、自由民権運動の気運が高まるきっかけとなった。
- However, the idea slowly seeped into every class of people and triggered the rise in the momentum toward Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).
- ただし、先頭の船を運んでいた被告農民の中には、停止命令は聞こえなかったと裁判で主張した者もいる。
- Some of the accused demonstrators who were carrying the boat claimed in court that they heard no winding-up orders.
- 日常的な暮らしの中で使われてきた手仕事の日用品の中に「用の美」を見出し、活用する日本独自の運動。
- The movement is unique to Japan in which 'beauty of necessaries' in daily necessities used for handwork in everyday life, are found and used.
- その後、日本棋院棋士との交流手合もあり、また棋院への復帰運動もあったが、瓊韻社にとどまり続けた。
- After that, there were exchange matches with kishi of Nihon Ki-in, and also a return movement to Nihon Ki-in, however, he remained in Keiin-sha.
- 信長の施政方針を継承して苛政を敷かず、水運の重視など民生や寺社対策に心を配っていたことが伺える。
- He installed no tyranny and valued the protection of temples and civil administrations including water transport to follow Nobunaga's administrative policy.
- 浅野は旗本梶川頼照らに取り押さえられ、義央は高家品川伊氏・畠山義寧らによって蘇鉄の間へ運ばれた。
- ASANO was arrested by Yoriteru KAJIKAWA, hatamoto, and others, whereupon Yoshihisa was carried to the sotetsu no ma (a room of cycad) by Koreuji SHINAGAWA, koke, and Yoshiyasu HATAKEYAMA.
- 1888年アメリカから帰国後、慶應義塾在学時代から知遇を得ていた後藤象二郎の大同団結運動に参加。
- After he came back from the United States in 1888, he joined the Great Merger Movement led by Shojiro GOTO, with whom he a long acquaintance since he was a student at Keio Gijuku.
- このことからも、三島による弾圧がいかに自由民権運動にとって障害となっていたかを窺うことができる。
- The incident tells that Mishima's oppression was a formidable barrier to Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).
- 位人臣を極め、栄耀栄華を誇った仲麻呂一族だが、孝謙上皇が道鏡を寵愛するようになって運命は暗転する。
- Nakamaro's family dominated the highest ranking positions and was surrounded by wealth and power until the Retired Empress Koken began to favor Dokyo.
- 出自に関して、『本朝皇胤紹運録』に「大友皇子─与多王(大友賜姓)─都堵牟麿─黒主」と系図を掲げる。
- Regarding his origin, the genealogy of 'Prince Otomo-Yota-no-okimi (family name was Otomo)-Totomumaro-Kuronushi' was described in 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period).
- 反キリスト教運動が広がりを見せる中で、各地のグループが次第に統合していき、義和拳となったのである。
- As the anti-Christianity movement spread, groups from various areas merged together, becoming the Giwa Martial Art.
- これらの輸送の実施には、各鉄道間のダイヤや車輌の遣り繰りや事後の運賃精算等、煩雑な業務が発生した。
- To carry out such a transport operation required an elaborate arrangement between the railway companies, railway vehicle scheduling, fare settlement after the transportation and other myriads of related tasks.
- テングリは天の主宰神として運命神であるとともに、天そのものでもあり、創造神として現れることもある。
- Tenguri is believed to be the god of destiny or Ten itself since it is the presiding god of Ten, and it sometimes appears as the god of creation.
- 内閣職権(ないかくしょっけん)とは、日本において、内閣総理大臣の職務及び内閣運営方法を定めた規則。
- Naikaku-shokken (Official Powers of the Cabinet) is a rule that stipulated duties of the Prime Minister and management of the cabinet in Japan.
- 明治8年(1875年)に参議に復帰し大阪会議に参加したが、間もなく辞職して自由民権運動を推進した。
- He resumed the post of Sangi in 1875 to take part in the Osaka Conference, but soon resigned the post and concentrated on promoting Jiyu Minken Undo.
- 最初の妻は陸奥宗光の妹・初穂(1877年死去)、後妻は女性解放運動家として知られる岸田俊子である。
- His first wife was Hatsuho (died in 1877) who was the younger sister of Munemitsu MUTSU and the second was Toshiko KISHIDA who was known for the activist for women's liberation movement.
- 楠瀬喜多(くすのせ きた、天保7年(1836年) - 大正9年(1920年))は日本の婦人運動家。
- Kita KUSUNOSE (1836 to 1920) was a Japanese women's movement activist.
- 13歳の頃、酒問屋に奉公に出て四斗樽を軽々と運ぶところを主人に見込まれ、紹介により境川部屋に入門。
- When he was thirteen years old, he worked at a liquor wholesaler as apprenticeship; the master recognized his talent since he was easily carrying shito-daru (barrel of seventy-two liters), and on the introduction of the master, he entered Sakaigawa Stable.
- その後、兄の民蔵・弟の虎蔵(寅蔵、のちの滔天)は彼の遺志を継いで孫文の革命運動の有力支援者となる。
- His brothers, elder Tamizo and younger Torazo (Tomizo later Toten) later took over his last wish and became major supporters of the Sun Yat-sen revolutionary movement.
- 牢から出た河野は、後藤象二郎の自由民権派を糾合する大同団結運動に参加し、大同倶楽部結成に参画する。
- Released from prision, KONO took part in the Daido danketsu (Grand Coalition) Movement which rallied the democratic rights movement by Shojiro GOTO, and participated in the planning of Daido club.
- 江戸時代までの山形地域は、日本海と最上川を経由する舟運により、江戸よりも大坂と強く結びついていた。
- Yamagata region had stronger connections with Osaka rather than with Tokyo until the end of Edo period, through ship transportation via the Sea of Japan and Mogami-gawa River.
- それとともに、従前の軍団 (古代日本)に代えて国衙に軍事力の運用権限を担わせる政策をとっていった。
- The Court also made the policy to leave the discretion of military force up to the kokuga (provincial government offices) instead of the previous army group (of ancient Japan).
- 義朝と行動を共にした源重成・季実も滅亡の運命を辿り、ここに後白河院政派は事実上壊滅することになる。
- Orders to eliminate MINAMOTO no Shigenari and Hidezane, who had acted in tandem with Yoshitomo, followed in due course, and with their deaths, the Goshirakawa Insei faction had effectively been destroyed.
- 1905年(明治38年)に大日本帝国が大韓帝国の運営していた通信業務を日本側に委託させたものである。
- In 1905, the Empire of Japan made the Korean Empire to transfer the control of communication services, which had been operated by Korean Empire, to Japan.
- その運動は、社会主義協会 (1900年)(社会民主党結成以前から存在)と平民社に受け継がれていった。
- Their movement was passed on to the Shakaishugi kyokai (the Socialist Association), which was formed in 1900 prior to the Shakai minshuto's establishment, and the Heiminsha (the newspaper company that published the Heimin Shinbun, the Commoner's News).
- 重源は、鑑真の例にならって大和尚、仏師の運慶には法眼の僧位が、陳和卿には頼朝からも賞品を授けられた。
- The rank Great Osho was granted to Chogen following the Jianzhen case, and the rank Hogen to Unkei, sculptor of Buddhist statues while CHIN Wakei received a prize from Yoritomo.
- 地元の反対運動、不況、大洪水などあり着工したのは認可から10年後の明治32年(1899年)となった。
- Due to protests by local residents, recession and heavy floods, construction began 10 years later in 1899.
- 実物写生への移行は、当時の本草学の流行にみられる実証主義的気運の高まりの影響も受けていると言われる。
- His transition to sketches was affected by the heightened momentum for positivism, as was seen in the trend for Honzogaku (Chinese botany).
- 本能寺の変で織田信長が死去したとき、孝高は秀吉に対して「御運が開かれる機会が参りましたな」と言った。
- It is said that, when Nobunaga died during the Incident at Honno-ji Temple, Yoshitaka said to Hideyoshi, 'Your lucky opportunity has arrived, hasn't it?'
- その中で大隈はイギリスをモデルとする議会政治の早期実現を主張し、政党内閣による政権運営を求めていた。
- In the document, Okuma expressed his views that Japan should soon establish a parliamentary government on the British model, and he called for a party-cabinet-run government.
- 囃子言葉と共に政治情勢が歌われたことから、世直しを訴える民衆運動であったと一般的には解釈されている。
- As the political situation was often sung with utterances to maintain the rhythm of a song, it is generally understood that it was a people's movement wishing for a better society.
- 初代幹事長に二条基弘が選出されたが、実際には曾我祐準・小沢武雄・谷干城らが中心として運営されていた。
- Motohiro NIJO was elected the first chief secretary of the Doyokai, but in reality the Doyokai was run by others, chief among them Sukenori SOGA, Takeo OZAWA, and Tateki TANI.
- その後も長州藩は尊王攘夷運動に邁進するが、禁門の変の敗北、下関への四国連合艦隊襲来により窮地に陥る。
- The Choshu clan were still promoting Sonno Joi, but they ran into problems due to their defeat in the Hamaguri Rebellion (Kinmon no Hen in Japanese) and the attack on Shimonoseki by the four countries' combined fleet.
- 戊辰戦争後の士族反乱から自由民権運動に至る途上の東北地方の人心慰留につとめ各地の開拓と開発を行った。
- While the Tohoku region in those days was in the midway from Shizoku no hanran (revolt by family or person with samurai ancestors) after Boshin Civil War to Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right), he made an effort to dissuade the hearts of the people from resigning or leaving their lands, and carried out the reclamation and development in various places.
- 一時期、すっかり陳腐化した60年代作品が多く再上映され、映画ファンに見下げられてしまった不運もある。
- It was unlucky that many obsolete films of the 60's were screened again at a certain period, and that Nakahira's films were disdained by film fans.
- 行き場を失った中村らは、会津藩京都守護職邸へ新選組脱退を嘆願するも、上手く事は運ばず、同地にて自刃。
- Nakamura who had nowhere to go visited the residence of Kyoto shugoshoku (Military governor of Kyoto) of the Aizu Domain to plead for his withdrawal from the Shinsengumi, however, things didn't go well and he committed suicide there.
- だが、この繁栄ぶりに嫉妬した同業者からは迫害され、組合からの追放や引き抜き、不買運動などを行われる。
- However, he was persecuted from those who were in the same trade that were jealous of the way he prospered, and he was banished from associations, his employees were hired away, he was boycotted, and so on.
- また、彼らが都・長安で見た実際の都城や律令制の運用実態は、日本国内での想像とは似て非なるものであった。
- Further, they found that the actual state of the capital city of Changan and the administration of Ritsuryo system were similar but different to what they had imagined in Japan.
- 青年志士国野基(くにのもとい)とそのいいなずけ富永お春を中心人物とし、当時の自由民権運動を背景とする。
- The main characters of Secchubai include the young patriot Motoi KUNINO and his fiancée Oharu TOMINAGA, with the story developing in the context of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement in those days.
- 政友会は立憲国民党の犬養毅らと提携し、護憲運動の陣頭に立ち、西園寺内閣の後任の第3次桂内閣と対立した。
- The Seiyu-kai Party formed an alliance with Tsuyoshi INUKAI of the Rikken (Constitutional) National Party, led the movement to protect the constitution, and confronted the Third Katsura Cabinet that succeeded the Saionji cabinet.
- けれども、民撰議院が世情の関心の的となったことで、本格的な自由民権運動の種子をまいたと評価されている。
- However, it is appreciated as it sowed seeds of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement because democratic representatives gathered public attention.
- 肥料、銀行、紡績、貿易、海運、新聞、桟橋、鉄道などの経営を手がけ、今日の多くの名門企業の前身を築いた。
- He conducted many businesses such as fertilizer dealing, banking, spinning, trading, shipping, dock management, and railway management, and built the foundations of today's many prestigious companies.
- 西洋画の団体「明治美術会」に活動の拠点を移し、仲間とともに東京美術学校に洋画科を開設するよう運動した。
- Naojiro moved his base to a Western-style painting organization the 'Meiji Art Society,' and with his friends acted for the foundation of a Western-style painting department in the Tokyo Fine Arts School.
- しかしすぐには死ぬことができず、すぐに病院に運ばれて治療が施されたが、傷の深さゆえ出血多量で絶命した。
- Since she could not die soon, she was taken to hospital to receive treatment; however, she died of a loss of blood with a deep cut.
- こうした関係もあり、永長元年(1096年)に頼綱が出家した際には、その邸に師通自らが足を運んだという。
- Because of those relationships, when Yoritsuna became a priest in 1096, it is said that Moromichi himself visited his residence to give the greeting.
- 維新後も洋学の普及を主唱、国会開設運動が全国に広がると、一定の距離を置きながら、英国流憲法論を唱えた。
- Even after the Meiji Restoration, he kept advocating the necessity of spreading the Western learning; when the movement towards the establishment of the National Diet was spreading in Japan, he advocated an English-style constitution by keeping a distance from the movement.
- 飯島幸人東京商船大学名誉教授も船同士の相対運動に潮流は関係ないとして潮流説に否定的な見解を述べている。
- And Yukihito IIJIMA, professor emeritus at Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, criticized the changing tides theory by also asserting the view that tidal speed has no effect on the relative velocity of ships riding the same current.
- 彼が翻訳者であったという幸運もあって、源氏物語は多くの読者を持つことなり、当時の文学界の話題ともなった。
- Thanks to his translation, 'The Tale of Genji' became popular among readers, and in the process it became a topic of discussion in literary circles.
- 鎌倉幕府が成立すると、政所の初代別当となり、朝廷と幕府との関係を円滑に運ぶ為に、鎌倉・京都間を往復した。
- When the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) had come into power, he was appointed as the first betto (director) of the Mandokoro (Administrative Board), and frequently went back and forth between Kamakura and Kyoto to make and keep the relationship between the Imperial court and the bakufu running smoothly.
- 1906年初め、第1次西園寺内閣が成立すると、同政権の融和政策のもとで社会主義政党設立の気運が高まった。
- The first Saionji Cabinet was formed at the beginning of 1906; under the appeasement policy of the cabinet, there was a growing tendency among socialists to establish political parties.
- なお線路を敷設するのには、鉄道が当時の日本人にとっては未知のものであったことから、反対運動が多くあった。
- There were many campaigns against the railway construction since railway was unknown to the Japanese people in those days.
- 日本吟醸酒協会が運営する吟醸酒大学校で「吟の衛士講座」を修了した者にの称号が授与される称号「吟の衛士」。
- It is a title, 'Gin no eji,' given to a person who finished 'Gin no Eji Course' in Ginjo Sake Daigaku-ko run by the Japan Ginjo Sake Association.
- 主君と家臣団は相互に依存・協力しあう運命共同体であり、その間に離合集散も多く固定化した関係ではなかった。
- A lord and his vassals were mutually dependant and cooperated with each other to form a community, and they often changed their partners and those relations were not fixed.
- しかしながら、民衆運動や政争に利用され、仙人になるために水銀などの危険薬物を使うため、やがて廃止された。
- However, because the institution ended up being used for controlling ordinary people's movements and political strife, and because dangerous substances such as mercury used in the formation of a sennin, were employed there, the institution was later abolished.
- また莬道の橋(宇治橋)を守る者が皇太弟(大海人皇子のこと)の舎人用の食糧運送を遮断しています」と告げた。
- And guards of Todo no hashi bridge (Uji-bashi bridge) blocks the food supply for toneris of the younger brother of the Emperor who was the heir apparent (Prince Oama).'
- 木々の間から覗く太陽を追う太陽移動ショットから、そのままパンダウンして運転席からの小高の主観ショットへ。
- From the shot of the moving sun which could be seen between trees, to a panning shot of Odaka's point of view on the driver seat.
- 長徳2年(996年)は伊周兄弟にとって運命的な年であるのみならず、後期摂関時代史上、重要な一節といえる。
- 996 was not only the fateful year for Korechika and his brother but also marked the decisive turning point in the late sekkan period (regency period.)
- 浅井国幹(あざい こっかん、1848年 - 1903年)は、明治時代に漢方復興運動に奔走した日本の医師。
- Kokkan AZAI (1848-1903) was a Japanese doctor in the Meiji period who engaged in the Kampo (traditional Chinese medicine practiced in Japan) Revival Movement.
- しかし、律令体制下において、通常の官司の経済活動とは異なるイレギュラーな運用をしていた点は注目に値する。
- However, it's noteworthy that Otari managed them in an irregular way that was different from ordinary government official's economic activities under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code).
- 更に雅信が一上として太政官を運営する体制は一条天皇が即位し、藤原兼家が摂政に就任した後も更に継続された。
- The system in which Masanobu managed the dajokan as the ichi no kami was continued even after the Emperor Ichijo ascended the throne and FUJIWARA no Kaneie took office of the sessho.
- にも関わらず父と共に散る運命をたどったあたりが、偉大なる父を持つ2代目の限界として現れていると言われる。
- It is said that he followed the same fate as his father dying despite the fact that he was the second generation to push the limits.
- 早くより真木和泉、吉村寅太郎ら尊王攘夷派の志士と交わって公武合体派の排斥運動では急先鋒となって画策した。
- From the early times, he joined with the patriot of the Sonnojoi ha (supporters of the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians), such as Torataro YOSHIMURA, and Izumi MAKI, and in the boycott of the kobu-gattai (party of advocating Kobu-Gattai which unites the court and the shogunate) he was the vanguard of conduct.
- 弾左衛門屋敷は山谷堀の今戸橋と三谷橋の間にあり、現在の東京都立台東商業高等学校の運動場あたりに相当する。
- The residence of Danzaemon was located by the Sanya-bori Moat, between two bridges, Mitani-bashi Bridge and Imado-bashi Bridge, roughly where the playground of Tokyo Metropolitan Taito Commercial High School is located today.
- 京都東本願寺から吉崎御坊まで門徒が徒歩で蓮如の御影(ごえい)の入った輿を運び、蓮如の吉崎下向を再現する。
- Shinshu sect followers walk from Higashi Hongan-ji Temple in Kyoto to Yoshizaki Gobo, carrying a palanquin which contains the image of Rennyo and reproducing his journey from the capital to Yoshizaki.
- 濃度が高い場合、視界が悪くなるために航空機の飛行や車の通行、鉄道の運行、人の歩行に障害を及ぼしたりする。
- Deteriorating visibility, high-density kosa sometimes obstructs flights of airplanes, traffic of vehicles, railway operations and the walking of human beings.
- 応仁の乱以後、古典復興の気運が高まり、地方豪族、特に国人領主層に京都文化への関心と連歌の大流行が見られた。
- After the Onin War, there was a growing trend towards a revival of the classics, and powerful local clans, especially local lords and lords of fiefs, were interested in the culture of Kyoto and remarkably enthusiastic about renga.
- 父適(はじめ)の頃から家運が衰え、出家して曾祖父融(とおる)が造営した六条河原院(かわらのいん)に住んだ。
- His family's fortunes declined when his father Hajime was the family head, so he became a priest and lived in the Rokujo Kawara no In, which his great-grandfather Toru built.
- その後、第2次護憲運動では研究会主導の清浦内閣を攻撃して護憲三派と結ぶなど活発な活動を見せた時期もあった。
- Thereafter, the Tea Party did at times still take vigorous action, as when they joined forces with the Gokensan faction in an attack on the Kiyoura cabinet, which was largely led by Kenkyukai, during the second movement to defend the constitution.
- 六条河原院の塩釜を模すための塩は、難波の海(大阪湾)の北(現在の尼崎市)の汐を汲んで運ばれたと伝えられる。
- It has been said that to replenish the salt cellar at the Rokujo-Kawaranoin Estate, salt water was drawn and carted from north the Sea of Namba (Osaka Bay) at present day Amagasaki City.
- しかし欧米の研究者たちは、義和団は帝国主義に自覚的でなく単に外国人恐怖症からくる排外運動だと主張している。
- However, researchers from Europe and the US emphasized that Boxers were unaware of the empire doctrine, and the anti-foreign movement was born from simple xenophobia.
- この説をとる研究者の多くは、1903年秋以降、鉱毒被害地が豊作になったことで運動が弱体化したと考えている。
- Many of those researchers who supported this idea consider that the movement weakened when the peasants in the copper poisoned area had a rich harvest from autumn in 1903 onward.
- その後も大井は自由党再興運動を起こすが実らず、翌1890年に中江兆民らとともに自由党再興を独自に宣言した。
- Nevertheless, Oi launched a restoration campaign of Liberal Party in vain, and in 1890 (the following year), together with Chomin NAKAE and others, he declared the restoration of the Liberal Party on their own.
- 塩原家に運び込まれ看病を受けるが、翌年の明治20年(1887年)2月16日 (旧暦)に、66歳にて没する。
- He was carried to and attended by the Shiobara family, but the next year, on February 16, 1887, he died at the age of sixty-six.
- だが、運命の日―寛和2年(986年)6月23日 (旧暦)、花山天皇は深夜藤原道兼に促されて宮中を後にする。
- On the fatal day, August 6, 986, however, the Emperor Kazan left the Imperial Court at midnight at the urge of FUJIWARA no Michikane.
- 文久2年(1862年)、公武合体運動推進のため兵を率いて上京する(3月16日鹿児島発、4月16日京都着)。
- In 1862 he went to Kyoto, leading his army in order to promote Kobu Gattai (Union of Court and Camp) movement (he left Kagoshima on April 14 and arrived to Kyoto on May 14).
- 井上は維新政府の財政面から国家運営を見ていた為に、諸外国との戦争は極力避けたいと願っていた事が窺い知れる。
- It seems Inoue hoped to prevent war against foreign countries as best he could, having seen the way of state management from the side of financial affairs of the restoration government.
- 明治天皇の政治関与には強く反対し、元田永孚らが侍補制度を定めて天皇親政運動を行った折にはその阻止に動いた。
- Strongly opposing the political participation of Emperor Meiji, when Nagazane MOTODA established the Emperor assistant system to launch the Movement of Direct Rule by the Emperor he obstructed it.
- 幕府の影響力を寺社・朝廷にまで広げて幕府主導による政治運営の強化、国政改革を行おうとしたと考えられている。
- It seems that in reforming national politics he wanted to reinforce the bakufu's controlling power in politics by extending its influence over the religious institutions as well as the court.
- ここでいう運上金とは、今でいえば「造り酒屋の営業税」と「酒株」という「免許」の発行手数料などのことである。
- The term 'business taxes' here includes what is now referred to as 'business taxes on sake breweries' and commission for issuing a 'license' or 'sakekabu.'
- ただし、君が代の歌詞への反対意見や、教育現場での君が代斉唱反対運動は現在でも続き、賛否両論が対立している。
- However, there still exists pro and con opinions against the words of Kimigayo and opposition movements against the chorus reading of Kimigayo in the field of education.
- すなわち、国政の安定に伴い政治運営がルーティーン化していき、天皇の大権を臣下へ委譲することが可能となった。
- That is, the more stable the administration became, the more routine managing the government became, and that made it possible to devolve the emperor's power to exercise sovereignty to his subjects.
- しかし、戦後、研究の進展や中村真一郎などによる王朝物語の再評価の機運にのって、広く注目を集めるようになった。
- However, it began to receive much attention after the war because of research advancements in this area, as well as re-evaluation of ocho monogatari by people such as Shinichiro NAKAMURA.
- しかし、辛亥革命以後の白話運動や簡体字の導入などによって、漢文と現代中国語の文体に差異が生じるようになった。
- However, due to the vernacular language movement in China after the Xinhai Revolution and the introduction of simplified Chinese characters, a distinction between classical and modern Chinese arose.
- 元禄16年には懸案の東大寺大仏殿虹梁を日向国の霧島山山腹より切り出し、宝永元年までかけて苦労して運び入れた。
- In 1703, for decorative beams of the Great Buddha Hall of Todai-ji Temple, which had been a pending issue, the wood cut down on the mountainside of Mt. Kirishima in Hyuga Province was transported to the Temple with difficulty, taking much time until 1704.
- しかも敦康の誕生と同日に権力者藤原道長女藤原彰子が女御宣下を受けており、不運の宿世を背負っての出生であった。
- Moreover, FUJIWARA no Shoshi, eldest daughter of the powerful courtier FUJIWARA no Michinaga, received an Imperial letter of appointment as Nyogo (a court lady next in rank to Chugu) on the same day that Prince Atsuyasu was born, meaning that he was destined to lead an unhappy life from birth.
- これは当時、全国水平社が部落解放運動を展開し、差別的な言動を廃絶しようとする動きがあったことを意識している。
- This indicates that he was conscious of a campaign led by Zenkoku Suiheisha (the National Levelers' Association) to develop Buraku Liberation Movement for abolishing discriminatory language and behavior.
- そのためイギリスはマリア・ルスを「奴隷運搬船」と判断しイギリス在日公使は日本政府に対し清国人救助を要請した。
- The United Kingdom judged 'Maria Luz' to be a 'slave ship'; consequently, the British Envoy to Japan requested the Japanese government to rescue the Qing people.
- 粛親王と川島浪速は後に協力して満州独立運動に荷担していくが、二人の運命は義和団の乱以降交叉し始めたといえる。
- Prince Su and Naniwa KAWASHIMA later cooperated with each other while assisting with the independent movement of Manchuria, but their fates crossed from the Boxer Rebellion.
- 戦後の部落解放運動の歴史のうえで、部落問題の視点による天皇制批判の好材料としてたびたび議題に上げられてきた。
- In the history of the postwar Buraku (discriminated communities) Liberation Movement, it has been raised as a good example to criticize the Emperor system from the point of view of Buraku problems.
- イルティッシュ号は、ドイツ海軍の石炭運送船ベリギヤ号(7,500トン)として1903年にドイツで建造された。
- The Irtysh was built in Germany in 1903 as a collier of the German Navy, named Belgien (7,500 tons).
- だが、自由党元総裁板垣退助は自分が疎外された事から運動から距離を置き、立憲改進党の大隈重信も懐疑的であった。
- However, Taisuke ITAGAKI, former president of the Liberal Party, distanced himself from the movement because he was alienated and Shigenobu OKUMA of the Constitutional Progressive Party was skeptical.
- さらに顕慶5年(660年)の遼東半島征伐において漕運に失敗した罪を着せられ、59歳にして一兵卒に落とされた。
- Furthermore, he was charged the blame on the failure of transportation in the Liaodong Peninsula conquest in 660, and was demoted to the ranks at the age of fifty nine.
- 学生運動の経験もあり、安保反対・米軍撤退を主張しているが、既成の左翼の権力主義的な行動を激しく論難し続けた。
- While Oshima experienced campus activism, showing objections against a security alliance and insists on the withdrawal of U.S. troops, he strongly continues to criticize authoritarian activities of the conventional left wing.
- 新平はスカウト運動の普及のために自ら10万円の大金を日本連盟に寄付し、さらに全国巡回講演会を数多く実施した。
- He donated a large sum of 100 thousand yen, (roughly about 775 million yen in today's value), from his pocket money to popularize Boy Scout activities, and also held many lecture presentations for promotion throughout Japan.
- 因みにマスカケ線の持ち主は、国家を支配する強運の持ち主が多く、現代でもあらゆる分野のトップ達に多く見られる。
- By the way, many of the persons with a masukare line had the good luck of ruling a nation, and even today, many persons in top groups of various fields had this teso.
- しかし、薩摩藩の主導する公武合体運動を支持して「航海遠略策」に賛同したため、尊皇攘夷派の志士から敵視された。
- However, since he supported Kobu Gattai (Union of Court and Camp) movement led by the Satsuma domain and approved 'Kokai enryaku saku' (a strategy to trade foreign countries in order to strengthen the power of state), he was regarded as an enemy by supporters of the doctrine of restoring the Emperor and expelling the barbarians.
- 1882年(明治15年)、自由民権運動を推進する自由党勢力が盛んな福島県に県令として着任して弾圧を開始した。
- In 1882, he was appointed to Kenrei of Fukushima Prefecture where power of Liberal Party, which promoted Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right), was enormous and he started oppression.
- 耕作者は奴婢と土地の無い良民であったが、彼らは5割にものぼる小作料の他、運送・飲食代など諸経費も徴収された。
- The cultivators were the farmers, who did not have slaves and lands, but up to fifty percent of the farm rent and miscellaneous expenses such as shipping costs or dining and wining costs were also levied on them.
- 明治の日本では、極めて過酷な労働環境への反発から労働組合期成会が結成されるなど、社会運動が高まりを見せていた。
- In the Meiji period of Japan, social movements became active including the formation of Rodo Kumiai Kiseikai (association for establishment of labor unions) as a backlash against extremely harsh labor environments.
- 民党(みんとう)とは、明治時代の自由民権運動を推進してきた自由党_(明治)・立憲改進党などの民権派各党の総称。
- Minto is the general term of the political parties such as the Liberal Party (in the Meiji period) and the Constitutional Progressive Party and so on which promoted the Movement for Democratic Rights in the Meiji Period.
- 会員は政教社同人のほかに黒龍会の内田良平 (政治運動家)、および孫文らの中国革命を援助した宮崎滔天らであった。
- Apart from the coteries of Seikyo-sha, its members consisted of Ryohei UCHIDA (political activist) who found the Kokuryu-kai as well as Toten MIYAZAKI who supported the Chinese Revolution that Sun Yat-sen led to.
- 約1年おくれて、1885年(明治18年)10月には三菱会社と共同運輸会社とが同併して、日本郵船会社が設立した。
- About one year later, in October, 1885, Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (NYK Line) was established as a result of the merger of Mitsubishi Kaisha (Mitsubishi Company) and Kyodo Unyu Kaisha (Kyodo Transport Company).
- なお、この九州鉄道の社長時代にしばしば山陽鉄道を利用したが、そのスピード運行ぶりには批判的な感想を残している。
- By the way, although he sometimes used Sanyo Railway when he was the president of Kyushu Railway, he left critical comments on its speed.
- 新井白石著の「白石手簡」では、家綱は中国の唐時代の政治書である「貞観政要」を好み、幕政運営の参考にしたという。
- According to 'Hakuseki Shukan' written by Hakuseki ARAI, Ietsuna took pleasure in reading the 'Joganseiyo,' a political book written about Taiso, the second Emperor of Tang Dynasty in China, and consulted it for administration of the bakufu.
- 慶応3年(1867年)には再び江戸に出て西郷隆盛と会い、薩土(薩摩藩と土佐藩)同盟を結んで討幕運動を目指した。
- When he went to Edo again to meet Takamori SAIGO in 1867, he formed an alliance between the Satsuma Domain and the Tosa Domain, and he aimed for the anti-shogunate movement.
- ところで、9世紀ごろから関東地方を中心として、富豪層による運京途中の税の強奪など、群盗行為が横行し始めていた。
- From the 9th century onwards especially in the Kanto region, millionaires who brought taxes to Kyoto were assaulted and robbed.
- また、黄砂に吸着されて運ばれるさまざまな物質のうち、有毒な物質による生物への被害や環境汚染が問題視されている。
- Various substances are stuck to kosa and are carried with the kosa, but the damage and environmental pollution caused by harmful substances of them are considered constituting a problem.
- 高齢者・子供・呼吸器疾患患者の外出禁止、一般市民の屋外活動禁止・外出自粛、室外での運動競技の中止・延期を勧告。
- It is urged that senior adults, children, and persons with respiratory disease should be prohibited from going outdoors and that the general public should be prohibited from doing outdoor activities, should avoid going outdoors and should stop or postpone outdoor sport events.
- 結成当時には財政難であったと推測されるが、京都守護職配下時代は、隊の運営資金を会津藩からの御用金で賄っていた。
- It is assumed that they were short of funds upon start of the group, but during the time when the group was placed under the control of Kyoto Shugoshoku, operating expenses of the group were covered by goyo-kin financed from the Aizu Clan.
- 更に民衆による土一揆の発生や後南朝による南朝再興運動など、幕府にとってはかつてない事態に遭遇するようになった。
- Moreover, the bakufu encountered new problems never before seen, including the peasants' uprisings that began to occur and efforts to restore the Southern Court by gonancho (former Southern Court forces).
- 自由民権運動の穏健派(改進党など)に近い立場をとり、『国民之友』では進歩的な言論や欧米での社会問題が紹介された。
- Minyu-sha took the position close to moderates faction of The Freedom of People's Rights Movement (such as Kaishin Party), and progressive comments and European and American social problems were introduced in 'Kokumin no Tomo'.
- そのような中での府県制の公布と帝国議会開設による「請願権」の獲得は新県設置に向けた運動を高まらせる要因となった。
- In that period, because the prefectural system was issued and 'the right of petition' was introduced through the establishment of the Imperial Diet, the movement to create a new prefecture was growing.
- 民芸運動(みんげいうんどう)とは、1926年(大正15年)、「日本民芸美術館設立趣意書」の発刊により開始された.
- MINGEI (National Art) Movement is a movement started by the first issue of 'Prospectus for establishment of the Japanese Folk Crafts Museum' in 1926.
- 酒屋会議(さかやかいぎ)は、明治時代前期に造酒税の引き上げに対する抗議として酒造業者が起こした日本全国的な運動。
- Sakaya Kaigi is the brewers' opposition movement against the sake-brewing tax hike, which took place throughout Japan in the early Meiji period.
- 行商(ぎょうしょう)は、(特定の店舗を持たず)商品を顧客がいるところへ運び販売をする小売業(サービス業)のこと。
- Peddling (Gyosho) is one of retailing industry(service business) where peddlers sell products by moving from customer to customer without having their specific stores.
- すべて弁慶が平泉に渡る旅路にあり、弁慶が運んだ、弁慶が座った、弁慶が刀で切ったなどの伝承がそれぞれに残っている。
- All those stones are located along a route taken by Benkei to Hiraizumi, and those stones have their own version of legend, such as 'the stone Benkei carried,' 'the stone Benkei sat on,' or 'the stone cut by Benkei.'
- しかし彼の蒐集した美術品の多くは、後に昭和2年の金融恐慌の際に川崎家が危機に陥った時に、売却される運命にあった。
- However, most of his collections were sold in order to save the Kawasaki, when they were caught in a financial crisis in 1927.
- 大姫入内運動は、頼朝が通親・丹後局に利用され、朝廷の反幕府派の台頭、親幕府派の壊滅を招く重大な結果をもたらした。
- The plan of Ohime's judai by Yoritomo was utilized by Michichika and Tango no Tsubone and resulted in serious situations such as the emergence of anti-bakufu group and the fall of pro-bakufu group in the Imperial Court.
- 文久3年(1863年)、藩命により航海術を学び、その後京都学習院への出仕を命じられ、京洛での尊攘運動に邁進する。
- In 1863, he studied seamanship by orders of his clan, and then was ordered to serve in Kyoto Gakushuin School, where in capital Kyoto he pushed forward with the Sonjo (Sonno-Joi) movement.
- 歩行頭となり、寛永10年(1633年)に将軍家御用の新茶を運ぶ宇治採茶使を神尾守勝、近藤用行、安藤正珍と務める。
- He became a chief of guards, and in 1633 he took charge of Uji saicha shi (a messenger who carries a pot of new tea leaves picked in Uji) for the use of the Shogun family, with Morikatsu KAMIO, Michiyuki KONDO, and Masayoshi ANDO.
- 国臣は京で北条右門を通じて斉彬の側近だった西郷隆盛と知り合い、善後策を協議、公家への運動を担当することになった。
- Kuniomi became acquainted with Takamori SAIGO, a close adviser to Nariakira, through Umon HOJO, and the two discussed relief measures, Kuniomi set to be in charge of the movement against kuge (court nobles).
- この強訴では、重盛の兵が神輿を射るという失態を犯したことで延暦寺側に有利に事が運び、師高の配流で一旦は決着する。
- During this direct petition, Shigemori's forces made a mistake when they shot an arrow at a portable shrine, which led to an advantage for the Enryaku-ji Temple side and was settled temporarily by Morotake's exile.
- 朝鮮半島とタクラマカン砂漠は5,000km以上離れており、長距離運搬される条件が整った時にしか砂塵は到達しない。
- The Korean peninsula is far apart more than 5,000 km from the Takla Makan Desert, and the kosa originated in the desert can reach the peninsula only when a condition enabling the carriage of it for a long distance is met.
- が、短歌否定論に対抗し、戦後歌壇を樹立する目的の下に、昭和22年(1947年)新歌人集団という運動体が結成された。
- However, to counter such opinions, a new movemental organization called Shin Kajin Shudan (The New Poets Group), with the aim of establishing a postwar tanka circle, was formed in 1947.
- 赤く焼けた鉄(鉄片・鉄棒)を手に受けさせ、歩いて神棚の上まで持ち運ぶなどの行為の成否をもって主張の当否を判断した。
- People catched red-hot iron (an iron piece or bar) with their hands and walked to kamidana (a household Shinto altar) carrying it, and if they succeeded in the trial, their claim was judged to be right.
- 政友会を通じて内閣総辞職の内幕が知れ渡ると国民の間ににわかに「閥族打破、憲政擁護」の気運が高まり護憲運動となった。
- Once the story from inside the cabinet of the resignation of all the cabinet members was leaked out and spread through Seiyu-kai Party, the sentiment to 'destroy the clique families, protect politics by the constitution' suddenly gained momentum among the citizenry, and the constitution protection movement started.
- 深夜、足立大尉が一人でいたことが不運であったが、事件の背景に乗車していた二軸客車の構造的欠陥があったと指摘された。
- It was unfortunate of Senior Lieutenant Adachi that he was alone in the middle of the night, but at the same time, it was pointed out that a structural flaw of the 2-axle passenger car was a contributing factor to the background of the crime.
- 明治10年(1877年)大阪に官糖取扱店を開き、また琉球反物の運送販売により巨利を得て、念願であった造船業を開始。
- In 1877, he opened up a company handling sugar and also gained an enormous profit by transporting Ryukyu fabrics which enabled him to start his long-desired business, a shipbuilding company.
- そのため、この事件は単純な丁半博打ではなく、水運業者の時光が所領を投機の対象にしていたのではないかという説もある。
- Therefore, some theories suggest that this affair was not a mere gambling but that Tokimitsu who involved in the water transport business gambled his territory.
- 高畠氏は桂川 (淀川水系)流域の高畠荘の有力武士であるとともに土倉や水運関係の仕事などを営んでいたと言われている。
- It is said that the Takabatake clan was an influential samurai in the Takabatake no sho in the basin of Katsura-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River system) and was engaged in the business of doso (storehouse money broker) and transportation by water.
- しかし、五世喜多七太夫恒能のように綱吉の男色の相手を断り切腹させられるなど、多くは過酷な運命をたどることとなった。
- However, many of them suffered a harsher fate, such as Shichidayu Kono KITA IV, who refused to play a homosexual partner for Tsunayoshi and was forced to commit suicide by disembowelment.
- 家綱が元服するまでは保科正之ら家光時代の遺産ともいうべき人材に恵まれていたのが安定した時代を築ける幸運でもあった。
- That stability was maintained until Ietsuna's Genpuku (coming of age), was due to the fact the bakufu was blessed with excellent members such as Masayuki HOSHINA who were a true legacy of the Iemitsu era.
- 頼朝の武運を祈る文書であったので、頼朝は広常を殺したことを後悔し、即座に千葉常胤預かりとなっていた一族を赦免した。
- The ganmon only contained a prayer to wish for Yoritomo's victories; thus, Yoritomo regretted to assassinated Hirotsune and released Hirotsune's family staying at Tsunetane CHIBA immediately.
- 幕末の混乱した政局の中、第15代将軍徳川慶喜は朝廷に統治権を返上する大政奉還を行い、倒幕運動の大義名分を失わせた。
- Amid political turmoil, at the end of the Edo period, the 15th Shogun, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA returned political power to the Imperial Court (Taisei Hokan), and diminished the legitimate reason for the movement to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate.
- 『京都御役所向大概覚書』によれば、この大銭鋳造においては一カ年十万貫文を鋳造し、うち五万貫文を運上すると定められた。
- Oboegaki(memorandum) for Kyoto government says that it was regulated that in minting ozeni, 100,000 kanmon was produced a year, of which 50,000 kanmon was taxed.
- 重源は、道を切開き川に堰を設けるなど社会基盤を整備しつつ、轆轤や筏の工夫で伐採し運び出した(『東大寺造立供養記』)。
- Chogen transported cut-down trees by utilizing pulleys and rafts while creating civil infrastructures by clearing paths and installing weirs ('Todai-ji zoryu kuyoki' [Records of the Service to Celebrate the Construction of Todai-ji Temple]).
- 天正14年(1586年)、島津忠長・伊集院忠棟を大将とした2万余人が高橋紹運の篭る岩屋城を落とした(岩屋城の戦い)。
- A force of more than 20,000 troops under the command of Tadanaga SHIMAZU and Tadamune IJUIN captured Iwaya-jo Castle, where Joun TAKAHASHI had been barricaded (the Battle of Iwaya-jo Castle).
- 三代 藤原秀衡は陸奥守・鎮守府将軍の地位を得たが、敵対心を抱いた頼朝により免官運動がなされ、程なく免官されたという。
- FUJIWARA no Hidehira, the third head of the Oshu-Fujiwara clan, got the position of Mutsu no kami and Chinju-fu shogun; however, it is said that MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who developed a feeling of hostility toward Hidehira, took actions for Hidehira's dismissal and soon Hidehira was dismissed.
- 公卿補任の作者は未詳であり成立年代も不明であるが、「歴運記」を基に弘仁以後の分を書き足されていったものと考えられる。
- The authorship and the time when Kugyo-bunin came into existence has not yet been ascertained, but it is believed to be based on 'Rekiunki' and names had been added from the time of Konin.
- これに対し、第5回、第6回押出しが行われており、鉱毒反対運動の弱体化は、事件や裁判とは関係ないと考える研究者もいる。
- However, some researchers say the Kawamata Incident or the trials of the Kawamata Incident had nothing to do with weakening of the opposition movement because two demonstrations, the fifth and the sixth, were staged after that.
- 藩が運営する事実上の商業組織であり、「産物会所」・「国産会所」と呼ばれ、あるいは産物名より「○○会所」とも呼ばれた。
- It was practically a domain-run commercial organization and called 'sanbutsu-kaisho' (local products kaisho) or 'kokusan-kaisho' (provincial products kaisho), and occasionally it was also called 'so-and-so kaisho' using a specific name of the product traded there.
- 河井継之助の命運を尽かせたのは実は新政府軍の兵器ではなく、領民の一揆による抵抗による作戦好機の逸失であったと言える。
- In fact, it can be said that the failure of Tsugunosuke KAWAI was not caused by the weapons of the new government army but by the uprising in the territory which made him miss an opportunity to carry out his plan.
- 門弟として地下(じげ=庶民)出身である浄弁・頓阿・吉田兼好・慶運などを育て、二条派の宗匠としてその歌風を完成させた。
- He raised Joben, Tonna, Kenko YOSHIDA, and Keiun of common blood as his pupils and completed the style of waka as the master of Nijo school.
- 淀殿(茶々)・常高院(初)・崇源院(江)のいわゆる「浅井三姉妹」は、「戦国一数奇な運命を辿った姉妹」として知られる。
- Yodo-dono (Chacha), Joko-in (Hatsu) and Sugen-in (Go), so-called 'the three sisters of AZAI' were known as 'sisters who followed the strangest fate in the warlike period.'
- 江戸の天下泰平の世の中(鎖国体制下の社会)を乱されたくない・邪魔されたくないといった心情は、攘夷運動になっていった。
- The feeling that they did not want to have the peaceful world of Edo (society under a system of national isolation) was disturbing and disruptive, and ultimately it led to the movement for the expulsion of foreigners.
- 鉄道網の整備に伴い斜陽となった後は、遊覧船の発着拠点となっているほか、官公庁などが運航する各船の拠点にもなっている。
- After its decline because of improvement of the railway network, it has been used for departure and arrival of sightseeing ships as well as bases for various ships operated by governmental agencies.
- また、平宗盛の麾下では兵糧米の集積、運送、兵士の徴兵、訓練などの兵站部を主に担当するようになり、軍事面に進出し始める。
- In addition, under TAIRA no Munemori's command, he accumulated and carried provisions of rice for the army, and then launched into military affairs, being in charge of the commissariat such as conscription and training warriors.
- 戦時の抑圧を脱し、信教の自由を回復した天理教は、革新運動を放棄して復元に転じ、現在も有力な新興宗教として活動している。
- The Tenri sect, which was freed from the suppression during the war and restored freedom of faith, gave up its reform activity and turned to restoration, and currently is working as a powerful emerging religion.
- 山本は松昌洋行という貿易商社を起こし、中国で材木の輸出、石炭の輸入などの事業を行い、後に海運業で財を成した人物である。
- Yamamoto was the founder of a trade firm called Shosho Yoko to export lumber and import coal in China, and made a fortune in the shipping industry.
- 徒刑場から1里(約4Km)ほど運んだところで藤作の棺桶からうめき声が聞こえたため、蓋をあけたところ藤作が蘇生していた。
- Around about Ichi-ri ('ri' is about 3.927km) (about 4Km) away from the execution ground, people heard groan from Tosaku's coffin, so they opened the cover and discovered that Tosaku came back to life.
- 柏原文太郎(のち中央大学附属高等学校第3代校長)を実質的な責任者として運営され、1898年から1918年まで存続した。
- Tokyo-dobun-shoin was run by Buntaro KASHIWARA (later the third principal of Chuo University Senior High School) as a substantial person in charge and it existed from 1898 to 1918.
- 1889年(明治22年)島地黙雷・井上円了らとともに天皇崇拝を中心とする仏教政治運動団体「尊皇奉仏大同団」を結成した。
- In 1889, with Mokurai SHIMAJI and Enryo INOUE, he established an organization of Buddhist political activity, 'Sonno hobutsu daido-dan' (great union of dedicators of reverence for the emperor and devotion to Buddhism) advocating worship of the emperor.
- 開申事件を契機に、教義解釈や宗派運営の方針、財産問題等を巡り、改革派が主導する真宗大谷派内局と対立(お東騒動を参照)。
- Triggered by the Kaishin Incident he confronted Naikyoku (intra-ministerial bureau) of Shin Sect Otani School, which was led by the reformist group, regarding issues such as the interpretation of the teaching, the administrative policies of the School and problems of their assets.
- 「ところが近年は平家のみが朝廷を守護することになり、20余年の栄華を極めたるに、今は運尽きてこうして捕えられました。」
- However, only the Taira family defended the imperial court, and luck ran out at the end of twenty-something years of prosperity, and am captured like this now.'
- 京都の地で尊王攘夷運動が高まりを見せると、久邇宮朝彦親王(のちの朝彦親王)などとともに、公武合体(親幕)派と目される。
- As the Sonno Joi Movement (the movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) mounted in Kyoto, along with the various other people including Imperial Prince Asahiko Kuninomiya (later called Imperial Prince Asahiko), Nariyuki was regarded as a part of the kobu-gattai (integration of the Imperial Court and the Shogunate) (pro-shogunate) faction.
- ところが、寛元4年(1246年)の宮騒動、続く翌宝治元年(1247年)の宝治合戦が彼の運命を大きく変えることになった。
- However, Miya-sodo (ailed attempt at rebellion) in 1246 and the Battle of Hoji in 1247 changed his fate drastically.
- 天皇が消えて宮中が大騒ぎになっている間に、道隆は弟の道綱とともに八尺瓊勾玉天叢雲剣を東宮御所へ運び込む役割を果たした。
- While they frantically searched for the vanished Emperor in the Imperial Court, Michitaka, with his younger brother Michitsuna, brought Yasakani no magatama (comma-shaped jewel; one of the three imperial regalia) and Ama no Murakumo no Tsurugi Sword (literally, heaven's cloud-gathering sword; another one of the three imperial regalia) into togu gosho (the Crown Prince's Palace).
- 東京帝大では小泉八雲の後任として教鞭を執ったが、学生による八雲留任運動が起こり、漱石の分析的な硬い講義も不評であった。
- In Tokyo Imperial University, he succeeded Yakumo KOIZUMI, but the students asked for Yakumo to stay and Soseki's pedantic and analytical instruction was unpopular among them.
- 鎌倉時代後期の1333年(元弘3)に後醍醐天皇の討幕運動から元弘の乱が起こると、細川氏は足利尊氏の挙兵に参加している。
- In 1333, during the late Kamakura period, when the Genko Rebellion occurred as a result of an anti-shogunate movement led by Emperor Godaigo, the Hosokawa clan joined the army of Takauji ASHIKAGA.
- 俳句・短歌の改革運動を成し遂げた子規は、近現代文学における短詩型文学の方向を位置づけた改革者として高く評価されている。
- Shiki succeeded in the reform movement of Haiku and Tanka and was highly praised as an innovative reformer who set the course for tanshi (a verselet) style literature in present day literature.
- 「御定かかりの地と申候。自然御運命尽夫も不被為叶時節に候はば。御最期之場と思召にて、瑞巌寺御菩提所に御取立被成候よし」
- I shall say this is a place the destiny of my lord would be settled, naturally, this means all the luck of my lord ran out and the wish can not be fulfilled, then it is the time when my lord shall head for the final destination, Zuigan-ji Temple as your soul will rest.'
- 明治10年(1877年)西南戦争が勃発すると、高知に板垣退助を訪ね、国会開設運動の母体として愛国社の再結成を協議した。
- In 1877, when the Seinan War broke out, he visited Taisuke ITAGAKI in Kochi Prefecture, and talked about re-forming Aikokusha (Society of Patriots) as the base of the movement for establishing the National Diet.
- 亀井茲矩の少年期に展開された尼子再興運動は、常に強大な毛利軍と寡兵で戦わねばならず、一時的な成果しかあげられなかった。
- He had to fight against the strong Mori forces with outnumbered troops for the campaign for the restoration of the Amago clan, which was carried out when Korenori KAMEI was a boy, and he merely made temporary achievements.
- この怨恨により、郷士から武市瑞山、坂本龍馬、中岡慎太郎といった人材が生まれ、彼らの活躍により倒幕運動は一気に早まった。
- As the result of hard feelings against such treatment, talented people such as Zuisan TAKECHI, Ryoma SAKAMOTO and Shintaro NAKAOKA appeared among the Goshi, and their success effectively sped up the Tobaku movement.
- 夕顔 (源氏物語)と頭中将の子玉鬘 (源氏物語)は、運命のめぐりあわせによって源氏に引きとられ六条院に住まうことになる。
- Yugao and Tamakazura, a daughter of To no Chujo comes to be taken in by Genji and live in the Rokujo estate through an act of fate.
- 「古今集」証本の書写をはじめ、子の慶運や九州の赤橋英時・大友貞宗らに家説を伝授相伝するなど、二条流歌学の保持に尽くした。
- He served for maintaining the study of Nijo School's poetry, teaching family traditions as well as shohon (premised book) of the 'Kokin shu' (abbreviation for Kokin Wakashu - A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) to his son, Unkei, and those who were from the Kyushu District such as Hidetoki AKAHASHI and Sadamune OTOMO.
- 運慶(うんけい、- 貞応2年12月11日 (旧暦)(1224年1月3日))は、平安時代末期、鎌倉時代初期に活動した仏師。
- Unkei (unknown birth date - January 10, 1224) was a sculptor of Buddhist statues who was actively engaged in his career from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period.
- 将軍の遺骸を海路江戸へ運んだ幕府は、12月25日の孝明天皇の崩御を機に解兵の御沙汰書を得て公布し、この戦役を終わらせた。
- The Shogunate carried Shogun Iemitsu's ashes by the Edo sea route, and promulgated an Imperial order by which the military was dissolved, and ended batte with the demise of Emperor Takaaki on December 25th.
- だが折から澎湃として沸き起こった尊王攘夷運動の志士たちから反撥を受け、坂下門外の変により安藤が失脚、公武合体は頓挫する。
- However, royalists in the movement of 'Sonno Joi' (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners), which was then rising like a flood tide, went against 'kobu-gattai,' and some of them attacked Ando in the Sakashita Mongai Incident, so Ando lost his position and 'kobu-gattai' came to a sudden stop.
- 打ちこわし(うちこわし)とは、江戸時代の民衆運動の形態のうち、不正を働いたとみなされた者の家屋などを破壊する行為のこと。
- Uchikowashi refers to an action to destroy residences of the people who were considered to act wrong, and it was one of the patterns of grass-roots movements in the Edo period.
- 戊申詔書による風紀引き締めと同時に社会主義運動を弾圧、幸徳事件の摘発や南北朝正閏問題への介入、出版物の取締強化を行った。
- The cabinet not only enforced discipline by Boshin Shosho (imperial edict, decree issued in 1908) but also cracked down on socialism, conducted the prosecution of Kotoku Incident (The High Treason Incident), intervened the legitimacy of the Northern and Southern Dynasties and strictly regulated publishing.
- 伝馬(てんま)または伝馬制(- せい)とは、古代から近世までの日本に見られた使者や物資を馬で運ぶ交通制度、またはその馬。
- A tenma refers to a transportation system from ancient times to the early modern times in Japan that carried envoys or goods, or to a horse used.
- こうしたトラブルでは、常に国際法や条約を楯に有利に事を運ぼうとする列強との交渉に、中国官僚は神経を尖らせる必要があった。
- Because of these troubles, the bureaucracy of China had to be cautious about negotiation with powerful countries which always tried to make profits shielding themselves behind international law and treaties.
- 中国の洋務運動や戊戌変法、日本の明治維新における一連の改革、朝鮮の甲午改革・光武改革といった諸改革が、その変革に当たる。
- Followings are examples of such reforms, yomu undo and Hundred days' reform in China, series of reforms during the Meiji period in Japan and reforms in Korea such as Gabo reform and Kwang-mu reform.
- 大同団結運動分裂時のしこりは新しい立憲自由党にも持ち込まれ、後の第1次山縣内閣による自由党土佐派の切り崩しの遠因となる。
- The ill feelings of the division of the movement to unite for a common purpose were carried into the new Constitutional Liberal Party, which would be an underlying cause to undermine organizational unity of Tosa school of Liberal Party by the First Yamagata Cabinet which would come into power.
- が、自由民権運動が高まると、それを苦々しく思っていた薩長藩閥政府はメディア統制を試み、さきの二つの条例を出したのである。
- However, after the Freedom and People's Rights Movement became active, the government of Saccho (Satsuma Domain and Choshu Domain) which was feeling the bitterness tried to control media and promulgated the above two regulations.
- また酒造業だけでなく受験進学校として知られる灘中学校・高等学校の前身、灘中学校の創立や兵庫運河の建設工事にも力を注いだ。
- He engaged in not only the sake-brewing industry but also the establishment of Nada Junior and Senior High School and the construction of the Hyogo Canal.
- ことに重根は、当時福岡黒田家中を代表する文化人で、実山と号し、京都文化とのつながりも深く、茶の道に独自の運動を展開した。
- In particular, Shigemoto was the key literary figure within the Fukuoka Kuroda family (participating under the name of `Jitsuzan`) and heavily involved in the Kyoto cultural scene where he launched out on his own independent pursuit of the tea ceremony.
- 時光の父の朝経は土佐国守護、祖父の豊島有経は紀伊国守護を務めて豊島氏が土佐や紀伊へ進出して水運業を営んでいた形跡がある。
- According to some records, the Toshima clan set up a business of water transport in Tosa and Kii provinces where Tokimitsu's father Tomotsune and his grand-father Aritsune TOSHIMA were governors, respectively.
- 1914年(大正3年)の東京駅開業に合わせ、東京駅~高島町仮駅(後の二代目横浜駅)の間で京浜東北線電車の運転を開始した。
- Keihin-Tohoku Line between Tokyo Station and Takashimacho temporary Station (later the second Yokohama Station) started operating to meet the schedule for the opening of Tokyo Station in 1914.
- 林 きむ子(はやし きむこ、明治17年(1884年) - 昭和42年(1967年))は舞踏家、作家、社会運動家、実業家。
- Kimuko HAYASHI (1884 - 1967) was a dancer, author, social activist and a businesswoman.
- 徹底とした調査のもと、冤罪事件を告発した本作は、大きな社会的反響を呼び、独立プロ運動時代の最高傑作のひとつと賞賛される。
- The film which, based on extensive research, claimed a wrongful conviction case had a huge impact on the society, and it was praised as one of his greatest films during the movement of independent production companies.
- 父・三条公頼の斬殺、義信の謀反、信親の盲目、信之の夭折、黄梅院の離縁と27歳にしての病死など、度重なる不運に見舞われた。
- She experienced a series of misfortunes, including the death of her father, Kinyori SANJO, by the sword; the revolt of Yoshinobu; Nobuchika's loss of eyesight; Nobuyuki's early death; and Obaiin's divorce and death at the age of twenty-seven.
- 傷が悪化して歩行困難となっていた吉村は一行から遅れ、駕籠に乗せられて運ばれていたが、27日に津藩兵に発見され射殺された。
- Yoshimura, whose wound was worsened and had difficulties in walking, fell behind the group and was transported by palanquin, but was found by warriors of the Tsu clan on 27 and shot to death.
- 移転の際に住民から反対運動が起こったので、福澤は次男福澤捨次郎の新居を伝研の隣りに作って、伝研が危険でないことを示した。
- While the project of moving Denken to Atago-cho was proceeding, the residents launched a campaign against Denken; to prove that Denken was safe, Yukichi built a new house for his second son Sutejiro next to the site for Denken.
- 藩閥政治を批判し、明治20年(1887年)の三大事件建白運動に参加し、保安条例で東京を追われ、出版条例違反で投獄される。
- Being critical of the oligarchic government dominated by hanbatsu (domain cliques), HOSHI participated in the political campaign called Sandaijikenpaku Undo (a movement triggered by the petition calling for establishment of three pillars) in 1887, but he was driven out of Tokyo according to hoan jorei (regulations for the preservation of law and order) and then was arrested for violation of publication regulations.
- この時も、主筋の六郎が木沢を擁護する姿勢を見せていたが、それにも構わず飯盛山城の包囲し続けた為、木沢の命運は尽きかけた。
- Again, his lord, Rokuro, assumed a position to protect Kizawa, but nevertheless they did not stop the siege of Iimoriyama-jo Castle, and so Kizawa nearly went to his fate.
- これより上には自由大気という層があり、一部の粒子がこの層にまで上昇してくると、安定した速い気流に乗って遠くまで運ばれる。
- Above this layer, there exists a layer called the free atmosphere, and when some sand grains are lifted up to this layer, they are moved to far away places on a steady fast wind.
- という構成となっており、政府運営の基礎となる公文書・法令の規定のみならず、それを扱う官人の服務規程や訴訟手続などをも含む。
- Thus, the law Kushiki-ryo was made up of the above mentioned Articles, which covered not only rules and regulations on official documents and laws and ordinances that underpinned the management of then government, but also service regulations for government officials in charge of the said rules and regulations, as well as judicial procedures.
- 丹波国の北寄りの奥丹波地域の何鹿郡は由良川水運が発達した地域であり、綾部藩、山家藩といった藩のほか、旗本領が散在していた。
- The water transportation route through the Yura-gawa River flourished in Ikaruga County in Oku-Tanba area in the northern part of Tanba Province, where Hatamoto territories in addition to the Ayabe clan and Yamaga clan were located.
- ただし、本来は自由民権運動を継承する民党側からの蔑称であり、政府・マスコミ及び当事者達は温和派(おんわは)と呼称していた。
- The term was originally a derogatory term used by the Minto party who supported the Movement for Liberty and People's Rights, and at the time they, and the media, called themselves 'Onwaha.'
- 日本における国会開設と憲法制定は、自由民権運動への譲歩という側面を持ち、そこでは国家予算が国会の承認を要することになった。
- Establishment of the National Diet and formulation of the Constitution in Japan had an aspect of compromise with the Freedom of Rights Movement, and as such, it became necessary to gain the approval of the Diet for the state budget.
- 主として兵粮奉行(兵粮奉行)率いる、およそ50名から100名の足軽等に護衛された人夫(陣夫)が駄馬や車輌を用いて運搬した。
- Principally, laborers (servicemen) guarded by fifty to a hundred ashigaru (common foot soldiers) who are all directed by hyoro bugyo (food supply administrator) carried goods on packhorses or vehicles.
- おりしも東京・中野刑務所の移転が検討されていた事もあり、運動の甲斐あって1983年(昭和58年)に月形刑務所が設置された。
- Around this time, a relocation of Nakano Prison in Tokyo was under consideration, and thanks to the movement, Tsukigata Prison was set up in 1983.
- 明治維新後、全国的に忠臣の顕彰運動が高まり、刀伊の入寇、弘安の役の戦死者とともに新城神社(長崎県壱岐市勝本町)に祀られた。
- After the Meiji Restoration, he was deified in Shinjo-jinja Shrine (Katsumoto-cho, Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture) with people killed in the Toi invasion and the Koan War (second Mongol invasions), due to nationwide uprising of movement to honor loyal subjects publicly for their unrecognized good deeds.
- しかし、軌道が固まっていなかったことや米国製パンタグラフの不調もあって、運行開始当日から電車が立ち往生するトラブルが発生。
- However, from the first day of the operation, troubles occurred and the trains were stuck because the track had not hardened enough and the pantographs made in America did not work rightly.
- また、「吉崎寺」(本願寺派)・「願慶寺」(大谷派)などの寺院、本願寺維持財団が運営する「吉崎御坊 蓮如上人記念館」がある。
- Located nearby are temples such as 'Yoshizaki-ji Temple' (Hongan-ji school) and 'Gankei-ji Temple' (Otani school), and 'Yoshizaki Gobo Rennyo Shonin Memorial Hall' (shonin: saint) which is operated by the Honganji Foundation.
- 政局を有利に運んだ宗全は、自邸周辺に同盟守護大名の兵を多数集め、内裏と花の御所を囲み、義政に政長や勝元らの追放を願い出た。
- Having steered the political situation in his favor, Sozen mobilized many samurai of allied shugo daimyos, besieged the Imperial Palace and Hana no Gosho, and requested Yoshimasa to expel Masanaga and Katsumoto among others.
- 明治から試みられていた口語・自由律や、石川啄木にまでさかのぼれるプロレタリア短歌の運動が起こったのも昭和に入ってからである。
- It was during the Showa period where movements for the colloquial style, free verse from the Meiji period and for the proletarian tanka styles attributable to Takuboku ISHIKAWA started to gain headway.
- 江戸においては町奉行の監督下にあり、町人地の各町ごとに設けられ(町の規模によっては共同で設置)、運営の費用は各町が負担した。
- In Edo, jishinban, under the supervision of machi-bugyo (town magistrate), were installed in each town in downtown areas (co-managed by several towns in accordance with town size) and the management expenses were paid by each town.
- 孫の8代・足利義政も祖父や父の政治を引き継ごうとしたが、応仁の乱や側近政治の中で嫌気が差し政権運営への情熱をなくしてしまう。
- Yoshimitsu's grandson, Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA who became the 8th Shogun, also tried to follow his grandfather and father's policies, but as he became disgusted with the Onin War and the puppet administration controlled by his vassals, he lost enthusiasm for political management.
- 事実、現在の差別問題に関する認識、見解、解放運動のベクトルは様々で、この問題のある一定以上の捉え方は非常に難しいものである。
- In fact, the perspectives regarding those recognition, opinion, liberation movements toward this particular discrimination issue varry so much that it is extremely difficult to go beyond the basic grasp of the matter.
- 鉄板では海水によって腐食するため長期の運用は不可能であり、そのため銅板に換えたと考えられ、鉄甲船からの順当な発展型と言える。
- Iron plates would become eroded so easily by sea water that they were unfit for a long-term use, therefore, they were substituted by copper plates, which can be said to have made a reasonable development from a tekkosen.
- 人口が少ないことや、小笠原諸島には欧米系住民の居住などもあり、東京府による直接の行政運営がなされ、町村の設置は大幅に遅れた。
- These islands were directly administered by Tokyo Prefecture because they had a small population and because people from Europe and America lived in Ogasawara Islands, and towns and villages were not set until much later.
- 警官隊は解散命令を発した直後に農民らに殴りかかり、先導の船を運んでいた農民らを相次いで逮捕、拘束した(農民らの証言による)。
- (According to some peasants) the police made a raid upon peasants right after they gave a winding-up order and arrested demonstrators who were carrying the headmost boat.
- 大正12年(1923年)の葬式では、子の武馬は厳父の遺体を藁に筵をかぶせたのみの状態で墓所まで運び、警察からお咎めを受けた。
- At the time of his funeral in 1923, his son, Takema, was blamed by the police because he carried the dead body of his strict father to the cemetery only covered with mushiro on straws.
- しかしながら、花山天皇を出家させた事件では、長兄の藤原道隆と共に清涼殿から三種の神器を父邸に運ぶなど父の摂政就任に貢献した。
- However, at an incident which resulted in the Emperor Kazan being ordained, with his older brother FUJIWARA no Michitaka, he contributed to his father's Sessho inauguration by transporting the three sacred emblems of the imperial family from Seiryoden (Literally 'Limpid Cool Hall,' an imperial summer palace) to his father's residence.
- また同年来日した清国の洋務運動知識人の王韜との交遊を契機に、翌年結成された日本最初の本格的アジア主義団体・興亜会に参加した。
- He formed a friendship with Wang Tao, a Qing's intellectual involved in the Western Affairs Movement, who came to Japan in the same year (1879), and influenced by the association with Wang, he took part in Koakai group, the first organization of full-blown Asianism in Japan founded the following year.
- 当時北野社は延暦寺の傘下にあり、自己支配下の酒屋の衰退が運上金の減少を招くと考えた延暦寺は北野社に独占を止めるように求めた。
- Kitano-sha Shrine was under the control of Enryaku-ji Temple at the time, and, worried that the decline of the sakaya under its control would result in decreased tax income, Enryaku-ji Temple asked Kitano-sha Shrine to stop the monopoly.
- こうして発見された遺体は、最終的に5連隊駐屯所に運ばれ、そこで遺族と面会、確認の後、そこで荼毘に付されるか故郷へ帰っていった。
- The bodies recovered in that way ended up being stored in the fifth Regiment post, where they were cremated or sent home after their bereaved family had met and confirmed them.
- 彼らは内地雑居への反対運動を通じて次第に連携を強め、1893年に安部井磐根・佐々友房・神鞭知常らによって大日本協会を結成した。
- They developed a strong partnership as they led the opposition movement against the government's policy of allowing non-Japanese to live anywhere in Japan, and Iwane ABEI, Tomofusa SASSA, Tomotsune KOMUCHI and some other activists formed the Dai Nihon Kyokai (Great Japan Association) in 1893.
- しかし、北条一族の運動により大老の酒井忠清の取り成しで、氏治は新たに藩を立てるという名目で1万石が与えられて継ぐこととなった。
- However, with help from the Tairo (chief minister) Tadakiyo Sakai, who was convinced by the HOJO family, Ujiharu was awarded with 10,000 Goku (crop yields) under the pretext of establishing a new domain, and thus he was able to succeed Sayama Domain.
- 山梨県では1906年(明治39年)に宮崎民蔵や日本社会党を結成する堺利彦、森近運平らが来県して社会主義や無政府主義を紹介した。
- Tamizo MIYAZAKI, and Toshihiko SAKAI and Unpei MORICHIKA who later established Japan Socialist Party, visited Yamanashi Prefecture in 1906 to introduce socialism and anarchism.
- 結成当初の壬生浪士組は運営がスムーズに行かず、3月25日に壬生浪士組結成メンバーの一人である殿内義雄は客死した(暗殺説あり)。
- Mibu Roshigumi did not operate smoothly after its establishment, and on May 12, one of the initial members of Mibu Roshigumi, Yoshio TONOUCHI, died there (there has been an assassination theory).
- 13代将軍徳川家定の将軍後継問題では、橋本左内を京都に派遣して運動させ、一橋徳川家当主の一橋慶喜(後の徳川慶喜)を後押しする。
- For the issue on succession to the 13th Shogun Iesada TOKUGAWA, he sent Sanai HASHIMOTO to conduct a campaign and supported Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI (later Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA), the head of Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa family.
- 印旛沼運河工事の失敗や江戸の火事・浅間山の大噴火などの災害の勃発、疲弊した農村部に天明の大飢饉と呼ばれる食糧難や疫病が生じた。
- The canal work in the Inba marsh failed, disasters such as fires in Edo and a large-scale eruption of Mt. Asama occurred, and the Tenmei Famine took place in weakened rural areas, causing food shortages and epidemics.
- その性急な挙兵は少弐氏や大友氏の支持を得られず、自滅する結果となるが、武時の探題襲撃計画は九州における討幕運動の契機となった。
- The rapid raising of an army could not get support of the Shoni clan and the Otomo clan, which resulted in his self-destruction, however, Taketoki's plan to attack the tandai triggered the anti-shogunate movement in Kyushu.
- 更に今日では、鎌倉幕府末期の後醍醐天皇が主導した鎌倉幕府倒幕の動き(正中の変・元弘の変)のことも「倒幕運動」と呼ぶこともある。
- Nowadays, the movements led by Emperor Godaigo at the end of the Kamakura period, as intended to overthrow Kamakura Bakufu (the Shochu Incident or the Genko Incident), are also sometimes referred to as the Tobaku movement.
- だが運は盛親に味方せず、5月11日京都八幡近くの葭原に潜んでいるところを、蜂須賀家の家臣・長坂七郎左衛門に見つかり捕らえられる。
- But luck was not Morichika's side and he was found and captured by Shichirozaemon NAGASAKA, who was a vassal of the Hachisuka family, when he was hiding in a field of reeds near Yawata in Kyoto on June 7.
- 天正9年(1581年)には京都で行われた信長の軍事デモンストレーションである「京都御馬揃え」の運営を任され、この職務を全うした。
- In 1582, Mitsuhide was put in charge of Nobunaga's military demonstration, 'Kyoto On'uma-soroe,' to be staged in Kyoto, and he completed it.
- 最初の鉄道は、車輌もレールも鉄橋も外国製で、トンネル掘削はお雇い外人が指導し、機関車の運転もダイヤの作成もお雇い外国人が行った。
- The first railroad was comprised of all foreign-made trains, track rails, and iron bridges while the tunnel digging, locomotive operation, and making of the timetables were conducted by foreign engineers.
- 1923年の関東大震災の大被害を契機として京都に居を移した柳は、濱田庄司、河井寛次郎らとともに、いわゆる「民芸運動」を展開した。
- In 1923, when Yanagi moved to Kyoto after the Great Kanto Earthquake, he expanded the so called 'Mingei Movement' together with Shoji HAMADA and Kanjiro KAWAI.
- 1878年(明治11年)、政府転覆運動に荷担した疑いで夫の宗光が禁固5年の刑に処せられ、山形監獄(のちに宮城監獄)に収監された。
- In 1878, her husband Munemitsu received a sentence of five years' imprisonment for suspicion of taking part in the movement to overthrow the government, and he was imprisoned in the Yamagata prison (later moved to the Miyagi prison).
- 斉明天皇・天智天皇は快くこれを了承し、積極的に百済復興を支援することとし、翌年正月には斉明天皇自ら、筑紫へ遠征する運びとなった。
- Empress of Saimei and Emperor Tenji (Emperor Tenchi) fully agreed to this and decided to support the re-establishment of Baekje positively, and in the next year Empress Saimei herself went to Tsukushi Province (present Kyushu region of Japan).
- 機関誌月刊民芸運動は、1939(昭和14)年4月号から1946(昭和21)年7月号まで、戦局悪化による休刊をはさんで刊行された。
- An in-house monthly magazine, Mingei Movement, was published between April 1939 to July 1946 except for publications suspended due to the worsening condition of war.
- 京都府学連委員長を務めて学生運動を行い、1951年の京大天皇事件や、1953年に松浦玲が放校処分になった荒神橋事件等に関わった。
- He was in charge of the president of the student committee in Kyoto Prefecture and involved in campus activism, such as the Incident on the Emperor in Kyoto University in 1951 and the Incident of Kojin-bashi Bridge in 1953 when Rei MATSUURA mandated an expulsion for a student.
- 柳 宗悦(やなぎ むねよし、1889年3月21日 - 1961年5月3日)は、民芸運動を起こした思想家、宗教哲学者、美術研究家。
- Muneyoshi YANAGI (March 21, 1889 - May 3, 1961) was a thinker, religious philosopher, and art scholar who triggered the Mingei (National Art) Movement.
- このとき、政宗自らが秀忠の前に膳を運んだのだが、そのとき秀忠側近の内藤正重が、「伊達殿に鬼見(毒見)をしてほしい」と声をかけた。
- During the visit, Masamune himself served dishes to Hidetada; then the close vassal of Hidetada, Masashige NAITO spoke to Masamune saying, 'I'd like you lord Masamune to taste food before serving for proving poison free.'
- 反清盛の気運が高まる中、治承4年(1180年)4月には以仁王(後白河の第2皇子)が平氏追討の令旨を発し、源頼政と結んで挙兵した。
- In April 1180, with the anti-Kiyomori movement, Prince Mochihito (Goshirakawa's second son) issued a call for attacking the Taira clan and collaborated with MINAMOTO no Yorimasa to raise forces.
- なお、経営政策の面では、理研コンツェルンを除いて既存の財閥同様に同族運営がなされており、その点で「新興財閥」という言い方もある。
- Regarding the management policy, the emerging zaibatsu in the Showa period (except for the RIKEN conglomerate) were run by families or their kinships, like the existing zaibatsu, and in that sense they can be called 'emerging zaibatsu.'
- 戦国大名の中で織田信長の勢力が次第に強大になり、足利義昭を奉じて京都に上洛したことで、信長による政権の運営が始まることになった。
- Among the daimyos of the age of civil war, Nobunaga ODA's powers gradually became extremely strong, and by obeying Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA and arriving in Kyoto, government by Nobunaga began.
- 信長が帰依していたとする阿弥陀寺(上立売大宮)縁起によれば、住職清玉が裏の生垣から割入って密かに運び出し、荼毘に付したとされる。
- According to Amidaji (Kamidachiuriomiya) Engi (the history of the Amida-ji Temple), of which temple Nobunaga was a believer, the chief priest, Seigyoku, sneaked in through the hedge in the back of the temple and carried out the body and burnt it.
- 中世の武家社会において、主君は家臣にとって必ずしも絶対的な存在ではなく、主君と家臣団は相互に依存・協力しあう運命共同体であった。
- In the samurai society of the medieval period, the existence and position of a lord was not necessarily guaranteed or absolute to his retainers; instead, lords and their group of retainers had a shared fate, and their relationship was one of mutual cooperation.
- しかし、明治35年以降、新川柳の改革運動に押され、しだいに縮小、昭和の十三世川柳まで会は続いたが、影響力はまったくなくなっていた。
- However, by 1902 it was in a weaker position due to reform movements by the new senryu, and, declining little by little, it continued until the time of Senryu the 13th in the Showa period, when it lost its influence completely.
- 奈良・東大寺俊乗堂 俊乗上人(俊乗房重源)坐像(国宝) - 造像に関する直接の史料がないが、その作風から運慶の作とする見方がある。
- Seated Sculpture of Shunjo-shonin (Shunjobo-chogen) in Todai-ji Temple's Shunjo-do in Nara Prefecture (national treasure): although there is no historical material directly mentioning carving of this sculpture, some think it is created by Unkei judging by its style.
- 世界で最初の蒸気鉄道は、イギリスの炭鉱で産出した石炭を運搬する目的でストックトンとダーリントン間約40kmに設営されたものである。
- The world's first steam locomotive railroad was built to move coal that was produced in an English mine between Stockton and Darlington about the distance of 40km.
- 近年の研究には、公使館の人々を人質として生かし、列強との外交交渉を有利に運ぶ材料として清朝が考えていたという主張をするものもある。
- Some modern studies state that the Qing dynasty was planning to keep people of the legation alive as hostages and use them to make profitable diplomatic deals.
- その一方で、超然主義を支持する他会派とは違い、自由民権運動系の政党への敵意は弱く、第1次大隈内閣に対しては好意的な中立を維持した。
- On the other hand, it was different from other factions that supported the nonparty principle, and with less hostility toward parties for the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, it favorably maintained neutrality toward the first Okuma Cabinet.
- むしろ政府系候補者の一本化や、三井家・住友家など財閥、美術調査で面識を得た本願寺への働きかけ、資金の効率的な運用などに力を注いだ。
- Instead, he focused his energy to unify the government-affiliated candidates; to ask for support from Zaibatsu (company syndicates) including the Mitsui family and the Sumitomo family as well as from Hongan-ji Temple which he had gotten to know during the art investigation; and to manage the budget effectively.
- のち、徒目付や御用部屋書役などを務め、西郷隆盛・大久保らと始めとする精忠組の中心人物として藩政をリードし、尊皇討幕運動を推進した。
- Later, having served as Kachi-metsuke (a person in charge of night duty and inspection), Goyobeya-shoyaku (a clerical of the senior councilor's office) and so on, he took a leading role in the domain duties as a chief member of the Seichugumi organization including Takamori SAIGO and Toshimichi OKUBO, and promoted Sonno-tobaku (literally, reverence for the emperor and the overthrow of the shogunate) movement.
- また、良蔵の母方の叔父にあたる人物で、豊前国本願寺末院を預かる僧玉暎が上京して勤王運動に携わっているのを聞き、その謀議に加わった。
- Furthermore, he joined the conspiracy when he heard that Buddhist monk Gyokuei, an uncle on Ryozo's mother's side and a monk in charge of a subsidiary temple of Hongan-ji Temple in Buzen Province, was in Kyoto and was involved in the movement to revere the Emperor.
- 泉源寺村は丹後の最東端に位置し丹後若狭の国境に近いことから選んだとされ、長男が領する若狭の小浜にも度々足を運んだともいわれている。
- Sengenji Village was chosen since it was located at the most eastern part of Tango and closest to the border of Tango-Wakasa, and she occasionally visited Obama in Wakasa ruled by her eldest son.
- 北垣は、京都の勧業政策として琵琶湖から京都までの疏水建設によって、灌漑、上水道、水運、水車の動力を目的とした琵琶湖疏水を計画した。
- Kitagaki planned, as a measure to promote industries in Kyoto, the construction of Lake Biwa Canal for irrigation, water supply, water transport and powering water wheels by building a canal between Lake Biwa and Kyoto.
- 要約すると、小林時景の家来である藤平太の妻が馬に乗り、もう一頭に荷物を運ばせていたところ、この馬二頭を時家が奪い取ったとしている。
- As summarized, when the wife of Futoshi TOHEI, the retainer of Tokikage KOBAYASHI was riding a horse and had the other horse carry her baggage, Tokiie wrested those two horses from her.
- 国粋主義、農本主義的立場から、薩長藩閥とも板垣退助ら自由民権運動とも異なる保守的な中正主義で、土佐派の重鎮として重きをなしていた。
- From the standpoints of nationalism and agricultural fundamentalism, he took a conservative moderate policy that was different from the Satsuma-Choshu domain clique and the Freedom and People's Rights Movement led by Taisuke ITAGAKI, and he was thought highly as a leading figure of the Tosa School.
- だが、正親町天皇の譲位を控えて長年譲位の妨げになってきた譲位後の仙洞御所も秀吉の手で完成の運びとなり、その論功行賞の必要も生じた。
- Lack of Sento Gosho (palace for retired emperors) had been delaying the abdication of Emperor Ogimachi, but its construction was completed by Hideyoshi, so that he had to be rewarded for this achievement.
- 鎌倉時代中期頃まで、騎馬武者による個人戦を原則としたことから、足軽は従者や運搬などの兵站や土木作業に従事させられることが多かった。
- Until the mid-Kamakura period, the general practice of one-to-one combat between mounted warriors meant that it was often the case that ashigaru were engaged as servants and porters in fields such as logistics and construction.
- 立憲問題では初めは制定に反対であったが、自由民権運動の高まりや井上毅の具申を受けて方針をかえ、大日本帝国憲法の制定に向けて尽力した。
- Although he originally opposed the idea of a constitution, he changed his policy in response to the growing movement for civic rights and freedom and also to the opinion of Kowashi INOUE. He also devoted himself to the establishment of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 自由民権運動の弾圧や、大逆事件を積極的に推し進めたこと、宮中某重大事件での宮中への必要以上の容喙等から山縣の人気は生前から低かった。
- Yamagata in his lifetime was unpopular because he suppressed democratic rights movements, aggressively fomented high treason and unnecessarily trusted the Imperial Court when the certain serious incident occurred.
- やがて日本にいる留学生らが反仏運動の結社を組織し活動しだすと、フランス側は留学生の親族を投獄し、送金を妨害するなどして弾圧を行った。
- When Vietnamese students and others in Japan began to form an anti-French movement organization and started its campaign, French government cracked down on them in different ways, which included putting their relatives in prison and interfering with money transfers.
- いっぽう板垣は参議就任により、愛国社創立運動の失敗を招いたため、自由民権派から背信行為を厳しく糾弾され、釈明に追われることとなった。
- On the other hand, Itagaki's assumption of office as Sangi caused the movement of the formation of Aikokusha (literally, the Society of Patriots) to fail, so he was severely criticized by the Jiyu Minken fraction for his betrayal and pressed to offer vindication.
- まず仮名文字表記論の方は清水が、大槻文彦らと1883年(明治16年)に「かなのくあい(かなの会)」を設立し、精力的に運動を展開した。
- At first, as to the opinion to express Japanese in kana character, Shimizu established 'Kana no kai' (an association of kana) in 1883 with Fumihiko OTSUKI and actively campaigned.
- 函館の商人らと共に前年の開拓使官有物払下げ事件の影響で設立が危ぶまれた北海道運輸会社(後の日本郵船の一部)を設立し海運業に乗り出す。
- He founded Hokkaido Transportation Company (a part of the future Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha, NYK Line) to go into the field of the marine transportation business with other merchants in Hakodate, even though the establishment of the business had been once doubted because of the influence of the Affair of Government Property Disposal occurred at the Hokkaido Development Commissioner office.
- 海運業から製網業が有利と知り、平田漁網商店その後・製網から綿紡績の平田紡績を創設、平田家を大企業として巨万の富をつくり家業が栄えた。
- Having understood that net manufacturing business was more profitable than shipping business, he founded Hirata Ryomo Shoten (Hirata Fish Net Store) and later founded Hirata Boseki of cotton spinning; thus he developed the Hirata family into a huge enterprise and accumulated a great fortune to make his family business flourish.
- 大きな倉庫を建て民の財を集めたのが一つめ、長い運河を掘って公の糧を費やしたのが二つめ、舟に石を載せて運び丘を作ったのが三つめである」
- One is that he built a huge storage to collect the wealth of his people, and the second is that he spent the public wealth to construct a long canal, and the third is that he carried rocks by boat to make a hill.'
- 上記の紅葉パラダイス、旅亭 紅葉のかつての運営主体の丸玉観光株式会社(京都市)はホテル改装と遊園地の不振などによる負債を抱えていた。
- Marutama Kanko in Kyoto City, the former operating company of the above-mentioned Koyo Paradise and Ryotei Koyo, was in debt due to the renovation of the hotel, the business depression of the amusement park, etc.
- 前衛短歌運動は、塚本邦雄の衝撃的な表現から始まり、中井英夫の賛同を得、岡井隆・寺山修司といった同志を獲得し、歌壇全体に影響を及ぼした。
- Starting with Kunio TSUKAMOTO's poignant expressions, the avant-garde tanka poetry won the approval of Hideo NAKAI, gathered comrades such as Takashi OKAI and Shuji TERAYAMA, and affected all tanka circles.
- また、3世紀は海退期であり、海が退いていき沼や湖が干上がり、その底に溜まっていた粘土の上に河が運んできた砂が溜まっていく時期であった。
- Also the third century was a period of regression when the seawater receded and sand carried by rivers was deposited over the clay layer at the bottom of dried up ponds and lakes.
- まもなく伊藤は侍補の廃止を決断する一方、高まる自由民権運動に対抗するために道徳教育の強化には同意して政府の教育政策の継続が認められた。
- Soon Ito decided to abolish the role of jiho but agreed to strengthen moral education to hold out against the Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right) and decided to allow the continuation of the government's education policy.
- 木造瓦葺き2階建ての蔵造りを思わせる日本民藝館本館は、第二次世界大戦にも焼け残り、戦後も民芸運動の拠点として地道に活動を継続している。
- The main tower of the Japan Folk Crafts Museum which looks like kura-zukuri style of two-story wooden tiled roof remained after World War II and steady efforts are being continued as the foothold of the Mingei Movement after the war.
- 主な対外政策としては、アジアに対してはアジア全域の革新運動の盟主に日本が立つことを主張して、欧米列強に対しては強硬な外交政策を掲げた。
- As its major foreign policies, the Toyo Jiyuto declared to Asian nations that Japan would become a leader of the reform movement throughout Asia, while it declared its hard-line foreign policy toward the allied Western powers.
- 明治35年(1902年)、東本願寺の改革運動に加わったことにより、住職を罷免され僧籍からも除名される(のちに除名処分は取り消される)。
- In 1902, he was dismissed from his position as the chief priest and his name was removed from priesthood because he was involved in the reform movement at Higashi Hongan-ji Temple (the punishment of removing his name was later rescinded).
- なお、市は秀吉を毛嫌いしており、勝家が自害するときに城から脱出するように勧めたが、市は受け入れずに勝家と運命を共にしたと言われている。
- Furthermore, Ichi had an instinctive dislike of Hideyoshi; he urged Ichi to escape from the castle before Katsuie killed himself, but Ichi is said to have rejected this and shared Katsuie's fate.
- 神仏分離令は仏教排斥を意図したものではなかったが、これをきっかけに全国各地で廃仏毀釈運動がおこり、各地の寺院や仏具の破壊が行なわれた。
- Although the Edict for Separation of Shinto and Buddhism was not issued for the purpose to exclude Buddhism from the country, it triggered a nationwide anti-Buddhism campaign, and people destroyed temples and Buddhist altar fittings across the country.
- 神田明神は戦国時代の太田道灌・北条氏綱等の武将が武運祈願のため崇敬するところとなり、さらに関ヶ原の戦いの際には徳川家康戦勝祈祷を行った。
- Sengoku Period warlords, such as Dokan OTA and Ujitsuna HOJO, prayed to that diety for good fortune on the battlefield at Kanda Myojin; furthermore, at the occasion of the Battle of Sekigahara, the victory of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was prayed there.
- 新体制運動を展開し、全政党を自主的に解散させ、8月15日の民政党の解散をもって、日本に政党が存在しなくなり、議会制民主主義は死を迎えた。
- As the new order movement developed, all political parties were made to disband, and with the August 15th dissolution of the Constitutional Democratic Party (Minseito), the last political party in Japan disappeared and parliamentary democracy came to an end.
- その他、頼政自害後に郎党の猪早太らが頼政の叔父源国直の領地がある美濃国山県郡に首を持ち運び葬ったとの伝承がある岐阜県関市の蓮華寺がある。
- There is a legend that one of Yorimasa's retainers I no Hayata brought the head of Yorimasa after his suicide to Yamagata-gun, Mino Province, where Yorimasa's uncle MINAMOTO no Kuninao had his fief, and buried it at Renge-ji Temple, Seki City, Gifu Prefecture.
- 当時、鉄道はあったが、鉱毒被害地から東京までの運賃が、鉱毒で貧困化していた農民らにとっては非常に高かったため、徒歩という方法がとられた。
- There was a railway to Tokyo, but peasants went to Tokyo on foot because they were so poor that they could not afford to buy train tickets due to the mining damages.
- こうした開国への政策転換に対し「衛正斥邪」思想を持つ保守官僚から激しい反発が起こり、 1882年には儒者たちによる反対運動も起きている。
- Against the change to the policy, conservative government officials, who believed the thoughts of 'Eisei Sekija' (put value on justness and reject evil and wrong way) triggered a backlash, and there was also an opposition movement by Confucian scholars in 1882.
- さらに洋務運動官僚の劉坤一・張之洞らと関係の深い近衛が会長に就任すると孫文らの中国革命を支援する東亜会系の会員は次第に姿を消していった。
- In addition, as Konoe who had close ties to Kunyi LIU and Shido CHO, the Western Affair Movement bureaucracy became the chairman, the members of the Toa-kai which supported the Chinese Revolution that was led by Sun Yat-sen gradually left from the group.
- 内山 愚童(うちやま ぐどう、1874年5月17日 - 1911年1月24日)は、日本の仏教者・僧(曹洞宗林泉寺住職)・社会主義運動家。
- Gudo UCHIYAMA (May 17, 1874-January 24, 1911) was a Japanese Buddhist, a monk (the chief priest of Rinsen-ji Temple, Soto sect), and a socialist activist.
- その一方で教養部自治会のように大学側の主張に同意する自治会が現れるなど、一時は思想や運動方針の相違に起因する自治会同士の対立も発生した。
- In the meantime, some councils, such as the council of the department of liberal arts, conceded the decision of the university, and confrontation among councils arising from differences in philosophy or policy for movements also became apparent.
- 経済の中心地である大坂への物流の利便性の高さから、本郷や佐治など、加古川水運の船着場が発達し、郡の範囲を超える広い範囲の物流を担っていた。
- Because of convenience of commodity distribution to Osaka, the economic center, river ports for the water transportation of the Kako-gawa River, such as Hongo and Saji, developed there, providing goods transportation functions in a broad area beyond the county.
- 替わって諸大夫と青侍を主体に構成される(前者が置けたのは摂関家などの上流公家に限られる)家僕(かぼく)によって家政が運営されるようになる。
- Instead, household management came to be operated by Kaboku (servant) mainly consisting of Shodaibu and Aosamurai (the former was only placed in the upper class Court nobles such as the Sekkan-ke).
- 快慶は運慶とともに、平重衡の兵火(治承4年・1180年)で壊滅的な被害を受けた東大寺、興福寺など南都の大寺院の復興造仏事業にたずさわった。
- With Unkei, Kaikei was involved in the rebuilding project of major temples in Nara, including Todai-ji Temple and Koufuku-ji Temple, which had sustained devastating damage when TAIRA no Shigehira ordered the burning of the city in 1180.
- 同寺は末寺の中でも歴史が長く信徒も大勢いたこと、堅田が琵琶湖水運の拠点として栄えていた事から、本願寺に勝るとも劣らない裕福な寺院であった。
- This temple had many followers because it had the longest history among the branch temples and Katata prospered as a base of the water transport of Lake Biwa, which made it as rich as Hongan-ji Temple.
- しかし、邑楽用水から利根川までの間には警官隊が5重の防衛ラインを張って待っていたため、農民らは船を運んでいる者たちを先導にして先を進んだ。
- There were quintuple defense barriers made by riot police between Oura irrigation canal and the Tone-gawa River, so demonstrators avoided that route and followed the route led by boatmen.
- 陸奥は硬六派などを中心とした対外硬派の「条約励行運動」に反対して、漸進的な条約改正を目指して、まずイギリスとの間で治外法権の解消に努めた。
- Mutsu was against 'treaty enforcement movement' of the hard-line foreign policies faction centering on the hard-line six parties and others and worked to dissolve the extraterritoriality with the United Kingdom, aiming at incremental revision of treaties.
- また院宮分国の確立によって、治天の君が一大荘園領主となるとともに国衙領や女院領・御願寺領などを含めた膨大な皇室財産を運営するようになった。
- Also because provinces under control of ingu (ex-emperors, ex-emperors who became monks, imperial ladies, grand empress dowagers, empress dowagers, empress consorts, and crown princes) were established, the retired emperor in power became a great lord of Shoen, running huge quantities of Imperial property, including Kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government offices), estates of nyoin (close female relatives of the Emperor or women of comparable standing), estate of goganji (temples for the Imperial Family), and so on.
- すなわち1860年代以降の清朝は、西欧の諸知識・技術を摂取しようという機運が高まっており、国際法への関心もその延長線上にあるものであった。
- Namely, in the Qing dynasty since 1860's, movement to absorb knowledge and technologies of western countries had been gathering momentum and interest in international law was its extension.
- 明治23年(1890年)には吉井友実や千家尊福らと神祇院再興運動を進めるが採用されず、また西村茂樹らと敬神・尊王・愛国思想の普及に尽くす。
- In 1890, following an unsuccessful bid by SASAKI, Tomozane YOSHII and Takatomi SENGE to revive the Jingiin (Institute of Divinities), SASAKI worked with Shigeki NISHIMURA to promote piety, reverence for the emperor, and patriotism.
- これに対し、在寮生で構成する吉田寮自治会を中心に卒寮生も含めた廃寮反対運動が高まり、自主入寮選考の成功で寮生数は減少するどころか増加した。
- With the rise in the opposition movement against the above decision conducted by the council of Yoshida dormitory and the graduates, however, the number of dormitory residents increased, instead of decreased, thanks to the success of autonomous selection of residents.
- 物理学者アルベルト・アインシュタインの相対性理論によれば、運動している物体の経過時間は、静止している物体の経過時間に比べて相対的に遅くなる。
- According to the theory of relativity advocated by the physicist Albert Einstein, the elapsed time of objects in motion is relatively slower than that of objects at rest.
- 藤田は明治2年、長州藩が陸運局を廃止して大砲・小銃・砲弾・銃丸などを払い下げたとき、藤田はこれらを一手に引き受け、大阪に搬送して巨利を得た。
- In 1869, when the Choshu Domain abolished the Land Transport Bureau and disposed of artillery guns, rifles, artillery shells and bullets, Fujita purchased all of them and made a large profit by delivering them to Osaka.
- だが、憲法において議会に予算議定権および立法権が認められている以上、現実には政府が議会の多数党を無視して政権運営にあたることは困難であった。
- However, under the circumstances where the Constitution approved of parliament's power to decide a national budget and also to legislate, practically, it was difficult to ignore the opinions of the majority party while running the government.
- その当時倫子は24歳、道長は22歳で、夫婦仲は円満であったらしく多くの子女、とりわけ娘に恵まれたことが夫道長の後の幸運を支えることになった。
- Rinshi was 24 and Michinaga was 22 at that time, and the relationship between this couple was good and they were gifted with many children, especially daughters that led to the later fortune of her husband, Michinaga.
- 没後、娘の懿子が二条天皇の生母となったことから家運が開け、嫡男の経宗は左大臣にまで昇進、その子孫は清華家の一つ大炊御門家として大いに発展した。
- After his death, his daughter Yoshiko became the mother of Emperor Nijo, bringing good luck to the family; his legitimate son Tsunemune was promoted to Sadaijin (minister of the left) and his offspring's thrived well as the Oinomikado family, one of the Seiga family (one of the highest court noble families in Japan at that time).
- しかし親友源俊賢の推挙によって地下から一条天皇の蔵人頭に抜擢されてから運が開き、恪勤精励を以って天皇(一条)・執政(道長)の両方に信任された。
- However, luck was on his side when he was singled out as the Kurodo no to of Emperor Ichijo from the bottom due to a recommendation by his friend, MINAMOTO no Toshikata, and was trusted by both the Emperor (Ichijo) and Michinaga, who had the title of Shissei (consul), by his hardworking spirit.
- そこで成久王はドライブの相手を同じく留学中の朝香宮鳩彦王に変え、同日朝に妃の成久王妃房子内親王やフランス人の運転手等と共にドライブに出発した。
- Changing driving companions, Prince Naruhisa invited Prince Yasuhiko ASAKANOMIYA, who also was studying in France, and together they headed off on a road trip with Princess Fusako, the wife of Prince Naruhisa, a French driver and a few others the morning of that same day.
- また趣味の一つとされる鷹狩りに関して、司馬遼太郎は「運動が健康にいい事を知った日本で初めての人物かも知れない」と『覇王の家』の中で述べている。
- Concerning falconry, one of his hobbies, Ryotaro SHIBA wrote in 'Hasha no Ie' that 'He might have been the first person in Japan who had the knowledge that physical exercise is good for health.'
- バックグラウンド黄砂の特徴として、発生地付近で砂嵐の発生が無く、砂塵を巻き上げて運ぶ低気圧さえ無い状態にも関わらず、発生することが挙げられる。
- A feature of background kosa is that it originates even in the following conditions: No sandstorm is generated in its vicinity and not even low pressure that will fling up dust into the air.
- 一方、学生らの反対運動(後述)により吉田東寮は現在でも存続し、京大生とその家族など約180名が生活している(京都大学の定める定員は147名)。
- On the other hand, Yoshida East dormitory has continued to exist until the present thanks to the opposition movement conducted by the students of the time (to be mentioned later), and about 180 persons, including the students of Kyoto University as well as their families, are living in the dormitory (the predetermined number of personnel determined by Kyoto University is 147).
- 気象現象としての黄砂は、砂塵(砂ぼこり)の元になる土壌の状態、砂嵐とともに砂塵を運ぶ気流など、地や大気の条件が整うと発生すると考えられている。
- It is considered that the kosa as a weather phenomenon occurs when the states of the earth and atmosphere, for example, the state of soil, from which dust is generated, and that of the airflow that carries dust together with sandstorms, meets certain conditions.
- 一方、運慶は文治2年(1186年)正月に興福寺西金堂本尊釈迦如来像を完成したあと、成朝の動向に連続するかのように、鎌倉幕府関係の仕事を開始する。
- Meanwhile, after completing the Shakanyorai (Gotama Siddhattha) statue, which was the main statue in Kofuku-ji Temple's Saikon-do (West Golden Hall) in January, 1186, Unkei started to take assignments associated with the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) as if he were following Seicho's move.
- 馬子は聖徳太子と合議して政治運営し、仏教を奨励し、冠位十二階や十七条憲法を定めて中央集権化を進め、遣隋使を派遣して隋の社会制度や学問を輸入した。
- Governing in consultation with Prince Shotoku, Umako promoted the spread of Buddhism in Japan, drew up the Seventeen-Article Constitution to establish a centralized political system and sent Kenzui-shi (imperial envoys to China) to introduce advanced social systems and academic disciplines from China.
- 運搬は、現代では背中に背負って電車などの公共交通機関を利用したり、自転車やオートバイやリヤカー、あるいは軽トラックなどの自動車を使うことが多い。
- In these days, the people carrying their products on their back often use public transportation including trains, bicycles, motorbikes, two-wheeled carts, or cars including small trucks for transport of products.
- 折りしも、後藤象二郎による大同団結運動が盛り上がっている最中であり、片岡の他に尾崎行雄や星亨もこれにこうじて民権派の団結と政府批判を呼びかけた。
- Just then, the campaign to unite for a common purpose by Shojiro GOTO was gathering stream, while Yukio OZAKI and Toru HOSHI, as well as KATAOKA, called for unity of the Civil-Right group and to criticize the government in accordance with the campaign.
- 1906年(明治39年)、当時東京市内に路面電車を運行していた東京電車鉄道、東京市街鉄道、東京電気鉄道の三社が合併して東京鉄道とすることとした。
- It was decided in 1906 that three railroad companies called Tokyo Densha Tetsudo (Tokyo Train Railway), Tokyo Shigai Tetsudo (Tokyo City Railway) and Tokyo Denki Tetsudo (Tokyo Electric Railway) that ran streetcars within Tokyo City in those days merged under the new name of Tokyo Tetsudo.
- その後、病気のために一時故郷高知県に戻って静養していたとき、板垣退助が征韓論政変で下野して自由民権運動を起こすために立志社 (明治)を結成した。
- He had returned to his hometown in Kochi Prefecture temporarily and was recuperating from his illness while Taisuke ITAGAKI resigned his position as the result of political upheaval caused by Seikanron (debate on subjugation of Korea) and organized Risshisha (Meiji Period) to start the Freedom and People's Rights Movement.
- 11代将軍徳川家斉から12代将軍徳川家慶の治世の間、大奥に君臨し、政権運営にも影響力を及ぼして財政の逼迫などの幕府破綻要素を作ったとされている。
- It is assumed that, during the period from the 11th general Ienari TOKUGAWA to the 12th general Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA, she reigned over O-oku, extended her influence even to political management, and made the financial conditions of the bakufu very tight, which is one of the factors that led to the collapse of the shogunate government.
- 建久8 - 9年(1197 - 1198年)、東寺南大門の金剛力士(仁王)像(現存せず)の造立に運慶らとともに携わったのが、史料上の初見である。
- His first reference on historical material concerned his involvement in working with Unkei and other sculptors, on the statue of Kongo Rikishi (Nio) at Nandaimon gate of To-ji Temple during 1197 and 1198, but the statue does not existent any more.
- 同年11月、薩摩藩から倒幕運動の出兵要請を受けた藩主毛利敬親の命令で、全軍総督である毛利内匠の東征軍先鋒隊700人余とともに海路で京都に入った。
- In December of the same year,he went into Kyoto by sea along with some 700 people in the spearhead convoy of the expeditionary force to the east, which was under Takumi MOURI, governor of all the army, ordered by the lord of domain Takachika MORI, who had been requested by the Satsuma Domain to dispatch the troops for the movement to overthrow the Shogunate.
- 安政7年(1859年)に安政の大獄で松陰が刑死すると、高杉晋作らと行動を共にして尊王攘夷運動に奔走し、イギリス公使館焼き討ちなどを実行している。
- Once Shoin was executed in the Ansei no Taigoku (suppression of extremists by the Shogunate) in 1859, Shinagawa joined Shinsaku TAKASUGI and gave himself to the Sonno Joi (reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) movement, involving himself in such actions as fire attacks on the British Legation.
- その後の福地は条野採菊のやまと新聞の顧問に迎えられて評論活動を続けながら、次第に演劇改良運動とそれを実践する劇場の開設に執念を燃やすようになる。
- After that, while Fukuchi became an adviser of Yamato Shinbun (newspaper company) of Saigiku JONO and continued critical activity, he had gradually devoted himself to Engeki kairyo undo (theatrical performance improvement movement) and establishment of theaters where it would be played.
- この頃、共存同衆や嚶鳴社に所属し、英米法制度に関する論文作成、陪審員制度の提案、憲法私案の作成、演説会・講演会での講演など活発に民権運動を行う。
- In those days, he belonged to Kyozondoshu and Omeisha and was actively involved in the civil rights movement; he wrote a paper about the Anglo-American legal system, proposed the adoption of the juror system, drew up a draft constitution, and made speeches at both oratorical and lecture meetings.
- このような繋がりの増強は、後の倒幕運動にも生かされるようになり、薩摩藩は終始佐幕派を装いつつ、結果として秘密裏に薩長同盟を締結する事に成功した。
- The power thus strengthened was utilized in the Tobaku movement that followed, and while the Satsuma clan pretended to be pro-Bakufu at all times it ended up secretly concluding the Saccho Coalition.
- 慶喜は衝突を避けるべく大坂城に退去し、諸外国の公使らを集めて徳川の正当性を主張、さらに朝廷に運動して辞官納地を修正させて穏やかな形に直してもらう。
- In order to avoid confrontations Yoshinobu retreated to Osaka-jo Castle, assembled the ambassadors from various foreign countries and asserted the legitimacy of Tokugawa; furthermore, he appealed to the Imperial Court and had the Jikan Nochi modified to more moderate terms.
- 1881年5月、高知県の酒造業者300名が政府に対して造酒税の引下げ嘆願を提出するとともに、地元出身の自由民権運動の指導者植木枝盛に助力を求めた。
- In May 1881, 300 brewers from Kochi Prefecture presented the government with a petition for the reduction of sake brewing tax and at the same time sought cooperation from Emori UEKI who was the leader of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement and was also from Kochi.
- 森の夫婦同等論は、夫婦同権論にまで踏み込むものでは無かったが、その後自由民権運動などと交叉する中で婦権拡張論として受け取られるようになっていった。
- Mori's idea on the equal between husband and wife did not develop to an idea of the equal rights between husband and wife, but it became to be received as an opinion to expand women's rights, related with the Freedom and People's Rights Movement and so on later.
- 翌・明治14年(1881年)に自由民権運動に歯止めをかけようとした伊藤博文らにより、いわゆる明治十四年の政変が起き、大隈重信が政府から追放された。
- In the next year, 1881, in order to stop the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, Hirobumi ITO and others initiated Meiji juyonen no seihen and expelled Shigenobu OKUMA from the government.
- 船で運んだ食糧等も着かなかったため、一同は困窮を極め開拓使に嘆願したところ、同地を視察に訪れた開拓使長官東久世通禧より開拓地を移ることを許される。
- As the shipped food supply did not reach them, Kuninao's party were in extreme poverty and pleaded to the Hokkaido Development Commission, thereby getting permission to relocate the reclamation site from Michitomi HIGASHIKUZE, Hokkaido Development Commissioner, who came to inspect Shippu.
- 葉室宗行から従四位下を譲られる程、親しかったが、承久の乱においては定高は兄・長房とともに後鳥羽上皇の挙兵に反対する立場に回り、宗行と運命を分けた。
- Sadataka was in so deep acquaintance with Muneyuki HAMURO that Muneyuki granted his position of Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) to Sadataka, but the two parted ways as Sadataka, together with his older brother Nagafusa, opposed to the Retired Emperor Gotoba raising an army in the occasion of Jokyu War.
- 小楠は、「公共」性・「公共」圏を実現するために、「講習討論」「朋友講学」といった身分階層を超えた討議を政治運営のもっとも重要な営為として重視した。
- Shonan emphasized the debate such as 'Koshu Toron' and 'Meiho Kogaku', which were beyond status hierarchy, as the most important agency for the management of politics to represent 'public' nature and 'public' area.
- 実学として歴史を考えた愛山には、「古は猶今の如く、今は猶古の如く、人生は同じ法則に因りて動き、國は同じ運命を循環して盛衰する」という信念があった。
- Aizan, who regarded history as practical learning, had a belief that said 'just like the ancient times are still the same as the present ones, and the present times are similar to the ancient ones; life is controlled by the same principles and the country will rise and fall by circulating the same fate.'
- 廃仏毀釈運動は明治以降、第二次世界大戦の敗戦まで一部の過激な神道家とこれに追随した一部民衆が行ったものの、一部地域を除き、民衆には普及しなかった。
- Since the Meiji period, the anti-Buddhism campaign had been promoted by some radical Shintoists and some people who followed such ideology until the end of World War II, but it eventually failed to prevail among ordinary people except for some areas.
- 豊臣秀吉や徳川家康の知恵袋の一人として知られ、特に諸法度や外交文書の起草、学問奨励策や寺社行政の立案や、法要などの仏事の運営に重要な役割を果たした。
- He is known as one of the intellects of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's governments, playing an important role in drafting Shohatto laws and diplomatic documents, planning education promotion and temple administration, and conducting Buddhist rites such as Buddhist memorial services.
- また旅客と貨物の比率について、鉄道側に貨物運用の準備不足もあったが、明治維新直後で近代産業が未発達な時期であり「運ぶ荷物がなかった」事も考えられる。
- The high ratio of passenger to freight transport might have been partially due to insufficient preparation for freight management, but also due to the circumstances where there was 'nothing to transport' since it was just after the Meiji Restoration and modern industries were still underdeveloped.
- The utilization ratio between passenger and cargo was due to the fact that there wasn't adequate preparation to handle cargo and there wasn't enough freight to carry just after the Meiji Restoration Period, when no modern day industries were yet fully developed.
- 養老律令によれば、主な職務は「倉廩(倉庫)の出納、諸国の田租、舂米(律令財政運用の基本単位である白米)、碾磑(水車で動かす臼)の事」と記されている。
- The Yoro ritsuryo code (code promulgated in the Yoro period) described that its major duties were 'taking out of and putting in a storage, denso (rice field tax) of various provinces, shomai (white rice which was the base unit in the fiscal administration under the Ritsuryo system), and tengai (mill powered by the water).'
- 海軍・陸軍や枢密院 (日本)、官僚などの勢力は、政党内閣の政権下でも依然として大きな政治的発言力を有しており、政党内閣による政権運営に介入していた。
- Under the party-cabinet administrations, powers such as the Navy, the Army, the Sumitsu-in (Privy Council), or the bureaucracy still had big influence in politics and intervened in the government.
- 近江国野洲(現滋賀県野洲市)に生まれたが、父 安治が嵯峨 (京都市)の豪商角倉家に仕え運漕(船で貨物を運ぶ仕事)をしており、一家で京都に移り住んだ。
- He was born in Yasu, Omi Province (present Yasu City, Shiga Prefecture) but his family moved to Kyoto as his father Yasuharu was serving Suminokura family, a wealthy merchant in Saga (Kyoto City), and working as Unso (a work that carries freights on a ship).
- 1919年3月1日に朝鮮半島で勃発した三・一独立運動に対する日本政府の弾圧に対し、「反抗する彼らよりも一層愚かなのは、圧迫する我々である。」と批判。
- He criticized the suppression movement of the Japanese government against the March First Movement that occurred on the Korean Peninsula on March 1, 1919 as 'the ones who are more pitiful than them, who are revolting, are us, who are suppressing them.'
- 頓阿(19首)・二条為定(14首)・慶運(13首)に代表される二条派の重視に対し、京極派・冷泉派の入集は皆無に近く、選者とその庇護者の態度が知れよう。
- The Nijo group's poems represented by Tona (19 poems), Tamesada NIJO (14 poems), and Keiun (13 poems) were considered important, while almost no poems of the Kyogoku group and Reizei group were collected, revealing the selectors and patron's intentions.
- この結果として学会内には、運営について憲法を中心とする国家学・ドイツ学の啓蒙普及を重視する一派と、それに反対し「純学理」を重んじる一派が存在していた。
- As a result, in Kokkagakkai, there were a faction that emphasized spread and enlightenment of the science of the nation and German studies centering on the constitution about management and other faction that emphasized 'jungakuri' against it.
- 初期は巌本に加え、内村鑑三や植村正久や成瀬仁蔵などの、キリスト教の立場から論じる人々による女子教育論が発表され、廃娼運動を主張する中心的存在となった。
- Initially, articles on education of women discussed from the Christian perspective by various people such as Kanzo UCHIMURA, Masahisa UEMURA and Jinzo NARUSE in addition to Iwamoto were published whereby Jogaku Zasshi became a key player in advocating the movement to abolish prostitution.
- しかし、本土に比べ住民に負担の多い制度が多々存続したため、沖縄県各地で旧制度廃止・改善を要求する運動が起こり、政府は漸次本土並の制度を施行して行った。
- However, because of many remaining systems which placed a heavier burden on the residents than in the mainland, people campaigned for the abolishment or improvement of the old systems in various areas in Okinawa, and the government gradually implemented the same systems as in the mainland.
- 翌585年(同14年)3月、物部守屋による廃仏運動により法衣を剥ぎ取られて全裸にされ、海石榴市(つばいち、奈良県桜井市)の駅舎で鞭打ちの刑に処された。
- On March 585 (the 14th year of Emperor Bidatsu's reign), Zenshin-ni was stripped of all her clerical garments and while naked, was punished by whipping at the station of Tsubaichi market place (present-day Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture) due to an anti-Buddhist movement by MONONOBE no Moriya.
- 雅信は寛和元年(985年)以後、雅信は高齢による足腰の不調を訴えるようになるが、それでもなお忠実に政務を執行し、公事の運営に精励して失誤は少なかった。
- Since 985, Masanobu complained about the condition of his physique because of his advanced age, he faithfully administered the affairs of state and worked hard to manage public affairs and made hardly any errors.
- 1935年に刊行した句集『黄旗』を契機に、「ホトトギス」を離れ「馬酔木(あしび)」に同人として参加、水原秋桜子とともに新興俳句運動の中心的存在となる。
- In the wake of publication of a haiku collection 'Koki' (Yellow Flag) in 1935, he fell away from 'Hototogisu' and took part in 'Ashibi' as Dojin, and he became a leader of Shinko Haiku Undo with Shuoshi MIZUHARA.
- そして運命の元禄14年(1701年)が訪れ、2月4日に江戸にある内匠頭は、東山天皇の使者として江戸へ下向する予定の勅使達の接待役を幕府より命じられた。
- February 4 of the fateful year of 1701, Takumi no kami was appointed in Edo by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) head of entertainment for Imperial envoys travelling from the capital to Edo as messengers of Emperor Higashiyama.
- 張保皐は、海賊達を平定するに当たって、武力での鎮圧ではなく、奴隷貿易よりも安定して高収入が得られる海運業・造船業の仕事を与える方策を用いたといわれる。
- It is said that, to settle pirates, Bogo JANG provided them with employment in sea transport and boat building businesses from which they could earn more and have a stable income, rather than suppressing them with military power.
- 1333年(元弘3年)に鎌倉幕府討幕運動である元弘の乱が起こると賛同し、父の貞経に従って九州における北条氏勢力であった博多の鎮西探題北条英時を滅ぼす。
- When the Genko War, a war whose object was to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), broke out in 1333, Yorinao joined his father Sadatsune--both of whom were in support of the war--in a campaign to destroy Hidetoki HOJO, the chinzei tandai (military governor) of Hakata and the force of the Hojo clan in Kyushu.
- 当時の患者側の意識も、「コレラは祟り」という時代であり、加持祈祷で回復を試みたあげく症状を悪化させ、末期的症状になってから運ばれてくるケースが多かった。
- Moreover, at that time, patients and the civilians of Japan regarded 'cholera is a curse', so they often tried to cure it by incantations and prayers, which made the condition worse, then finally sent the patient in terminal condition to Hibyoin.
- 対して運慶の作風は、仏像の男性的な表情、変化に富んだ衣文、量感に富む力強い体躯などに特色があり、こうした作風が東国武士の好みに合致したものと推察される。
- Meanwhile, Unkei's style was characterized by masculine facial expressions, a wide variety of expression of clothes texture, and powerful and heavy bodies, a style that seemed to have matched the tastes of eastern bushi (warriors).
- その見方を世間に定着させることになったのは、この事件の直後から主として藩閥政治に批判的で自由民権運動に共感する講談師たちが語り始めた伝三郎の伝記だった。
- This view was established by Kodan-shi (professional storytellers) who, critical of the clan-dominated political system and empathizing with the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, started telling Denzaburo's biography right after the case.
- またその一方で、核兵器廃絶を訴える平和運動にも積極的に携わり、ラッセル=アインシュタイン宣言にマックス・ボルンらと共に共同宣言者として名前を連ねている。
- He also actively took part in the peace movement for the abolition of nuclear weapons, being among the members including Max Born who jointly published the Russell-Einstein Manifesto.
- 同社は官営鉄道と速度やサービスを競い、大阪~名古屋間のスピード競争に加え、運賃割引や車輌等級別に窓下に色帯を入れるなど、様々なアイデアで旅客を誘致した。
- The company competed with the government owned railway in speed and service such as speed competition between Osaka and Nagoya along with discounted fares and use of color bands below the windows for the class identification and myriad of other ideas to attract the passengers.
- その反面、国鉄の保有する車輌は蒸気機関車だけでも174形式1118両、客車3067両、貨車20884両におよび、運用・整備・修理に大きな困難が発生した。
- On the other hand, it amassed a huge fleet of trains with 1,118 Model 174 locomotives, 3,067 passenger trains, 20,884 cargo trains and consequently faced an enormous difficulty for operation, maintenance, and repair.
- 衆議院議員であり、農民運動の先導者であった田中正造は、1900年2月15日、事件に関する質問演説を行っている途中で、当時所属していた憲政本党を離党した。
- Shozo TANAKA, a member of the House of Representatives and a leader of the peasant movement, announced his departure from the Kenseihon Party which he was then affiliated when he was questioning the Kawamata Incident at the Diet meeting on February 15, 1900.
- そのため、臨時に穎稲を上供させる「年料舂米」・「年料別料租穀」や大粮米を正税の穎稲で補う「年料租舂米」などが導入されたために大量の正税が中央に運ばれた。
- Therefore, they introduced 'nenryo shomai' (rice made by pounding it in a mortar and paid in kind for the taxes) and 'nenryo betsuryo sokoku' (denso stored in shoso separately from fudokoku to supply in case of central government's financial difficulties) that could bring them extra eito, and 'nenryo soshomai' (tax payment in milled rice) that could cover tairomai (rice given to low-ranking staff under the Ritsuryo system) with eito of shozei, accordingly, a large amount of shozei brought in the central government.
- 成瀬仁蔵の女子大学創設運動や、1899年に高等女学校令、私立学校令がそれぞれ公布されて法整備が整い、女子教育への機運が高まると、1900年に官職を辞職。
- With the movement for the establishment of women's colleges in Japan by Jinzo NARUSE, and the promulgation of Girl's Higher Education Law and Order of Private Schools in 1899, the public interest in Japanese women's education developed, and she resigned from the government post in 1900.
- 13歳も時・平田家へ奉公・平田佐次郎主人の船の船員・ボーイとなり・18歳で支配人・23歳で500石の伊宝丸を買収船主・江戸四日市間の貨物運搬に従事する。
- At the age of 13, he was articled to the Hirata family and became a sailor and porter of the ship of his master, Sajiro HIRATA, and at age 18 became a manager and at age 23 bought up Ihomaru, a ship carrying a load of 500 koku, and as a ship-owner he was in the business of carrying cargoes between Edo and Yokkaichi.
- 「日本初の劇映画」と混同されることが多いが、それは正しくは1899年(明治32年)の監督・撮影駒田好洋・柴田常吉、出演横山運平による『清水定吉』である。
- It is often confused with 'the first story film in Japan,' but this was actually 'Sadakichi SHIMIZU' directed and shot in 1899 by Koyo KOMADA and Tsunekichi SHIBATA and featuring Unpei YOKOYAMA.
- 翌年、アメリカ合衆国のマシュー・ペリーが来航すると条約反対と外国人排斥による攘夷運動を訴えて尊皇攘夷を求める志士たちの先鋒となり、幕政を激しく批判した。
- Next year, at the time of the arrival of Commodore Perry from the United States, he spearheaded the royalists who looked for Sonno Joi (slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) with calling for opposition to the treaty and Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners), and criticized shogunate government fiercely.
- 賀川豊彦(社会運動家)・松田竹千代(立憲民政党代議士。戦後、衆議院議長)・三木武夫(代議士。戦後、首相)らとともに「日米同志会」を立ち上げて会長となる。
- He worked with Toyohiko KAGAWA (engaged in a social movement), Takechiyo MATSUDA (a parliamentarian of Rikken Minsei-to political party, who became the Chairman of House of Representatives after the Second World War), Takeo MIKI (a parliamentarian who became the Prime Minister after the Second World War), etc. to found 'Japan-U.S. Fellow Association,' and he became the first chairman.
- 堺市(大阪府堺市)や博多(福岡県福岡市)などでは会合衆を中心に自治的な都市運営を行っており、応仁の乱以後は武装して防衛をしており自治的性格をもっていた。
- Cities like Sakai (part of the Osaka metropolitan area today) and Hakata (the modern-day Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture) were free cities self-governed largely by the egoshu, associations of merchants, and beginning with the Onin War, such cities armed themselves and bolstered their defensive capabilities, developing quite an autonomous, free spirit.
- 富子は京都七つ口に関所を作って関銭を徴集(七口の関)し、米相場や高利貸しからの賄賂を受けるなど利殖活動を行い、彼女の財力によって室町幕府が運営されていた。
- Tomiko engaged in moneymaking activities, such as collecting tolls by setting up seven barriers in Kyoto (Nanakuchi-no-Seki), investing in the rice market, and taking bribes from loan sharks, and it was her financial power that enabled the Muromachi shogunate to function.
- 1931年の満州事変以後、日本に対する中華民国の排日運動が激化していったが、日本軍部が「治安の維持」を口実に暴走し、中国大陸への派兵と侵略を進めていった。
- After the Manchurian Inciden in 1931, anti-Japanese movements in China became more serious, and the Japanese military sent its troops to China to invade the country; the Japanese military went out of control on the pretense of keeping 'public security.'
- 1883年以来、フランスの保護国であったベトナムでは日露戦争に刺激され、1904年頃、ファン・ボイ・チャウ(潘佩珠)らによって反仏運動の結社が組織された。
- Since 1883, Vietnam was a French-protected state, where, around 1904, Phan Boi Chau and others, inspired by the Russo-Japanese War, organized an association advocating the anti-French movement.
- 折りしも永享の乱後の関東地方の混乱鎮圧のために房定は鎌倉公方を復活させて前公方足利持氏の遺子の永寿王丸(後の足利成氏)の関東復帰を室町幕府に運動を始めた。
- Just then, Fusasada began persuading the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) into bringing Kamakura kubo (kubo: shogunal representative) back and making Eijuomaru (later, Shigeuji ASHIKAGA) who was a son of the deceased former Kamakura kubo Mochiuji ASHIKAGA inherit the hereditary position in the Kanto region to quell the disorder there in the aftermath of the Eikyo War.
- 古い日用品を発掘しその制作のための技術を復活させ、無名職人による日用の美を世に広め、新しい日用品を制作し普及しようとした「民芸運動」にかかわるようになる。
- He joined the 'Mingei movement,' which aimed to discover old daily necessities and recover the skills to produce them, to promote the beauty of ceramics for daily use produced by unknown artisans, and to produce and spread new daily ceramic necessities.
- 明治23年(1890年)、同志社設立運動中に群馬県の前橋で倒れ、静養先の神奈川県大磯の旅館・百足屋で徳富蘇峰、小崎弘道らに10か条の遺言を託して死去する。
- In 1890, in Maebashi in Gunma Prefecture, Joe collapsed while working to found Doshisha, and passed away while recuperating at the Mukade-ya, a Japanese-style inn in Oiso, Kanagawa Prefecture; he entrusted his ten-item will to Soho TOKUTOMI and Hiromichi KOZAKI.
- 内蔵寮の職掌は大蔵省より宮廷運営のために送付された金銀絹などをはじめとする天皇家の財産管理・宝物の保管・官人への下賜・調達など天皇家関係の出納事務である。
- The official duties of the Kuraryo are accounting duties related to the Emperor's family such as managing the Emperor's family fortune which included gold, silver and silk sent by the Ministry of Finance for running the court, the keeping of treasures, grants to courtiers, and procurement.
- 玉鬘十帖は彼女をめぐる物語を中心に、「初音」より「行幸」に六条院の一年を優雅な筆致で描く短い帖によって構成されており、話の運びよりも風情が主体となっている。
- The ten quires of Tamakazura consist of short chapters which deal with the story around her, beginning with Hatsune (The First Warbler) and ending with Miyuki (The Imperial Process), in which a year in the Rokujo estate is elegantly depicted, focusing on elegance rather than the plot itself.
- 頼之の弟の細川頼元は幕府に対して赦免運動を行い、1389年(元中6年/康応元年)の義満の厳島神社参詣の折には船舶の提供を手配し、讃岐国の宇多津で赦免される。
- Yoriyuki's younger brother Yorimoto HOSOKAWA appealed to the shogunate for a pardon for Yoriyuki and, when Yoshimitsu made a pilgrimage to Itsukushima-jinja Shrine in 1389, organized the provision boats to take Yoshimitsu to Utatsu in the Sanuki Province where he granted Yoriyuki a pardon.
- 盛嗣は源頼朝の面前に引き出された際に「今は運尽きてかように搦め召し候上は、力及び候はず。とくとく道を召せ」と堂々と自説を述べ、ついに由比ヶ浜にて斬首された。
- When Moritsugu faced MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, he voiced his opinion fairly and squarely; 'I have run out of luck and there is nothing I can do under captivity. Tell me what you are going to do' and he was beheaded at Yuigahama in the end.
- 当時、父の実家である下川崎村の宮永家は家運が衰退していたため、やむなく母八重子の生家である福光村肝煎役石崎喜兵衛方に母子ともに引き取られ、そこで養育された。
- At the time, his father's family, the Miyanaga family in Shimokawasaki-mura, was upon bad times, so he and his mother were taken in and cared for by her relative Kihei ISHISAKI, the Kimoiri-yaku (the headman of a village) in Fukumitsu-mura village, and he was raised there.
- 1959年(昭和34年、79歳)、全国区より参議院に再度当選したが、同時に当選した次男鮎川金次郎派運動員の選挙違反容疑が高まり、12月に責任をとり議員辞職。
- In 1959 (at the age of 79), although he was reelected as a member of the House of Councilors from the nationwide constituency, he resigned from the Diet in December of the same year, taking the responsibility for highly-suspected election violations by campaigners for his second son Kinjiro AYUKAWA who was also elected in the same election.
- 騒ぎを見て駆けつけてきた院使饗応役の伊達村豊や高家衆、茶坊主達たちも次々と浅野の取り押さえに加わり、高家の品川伊氏と畠山義寧の両名が吉良を蘇鉄の間に運んだ。
- Muratoyo DATE, a person in charge of entertaining Inshi (a messenger from the retired Emperor), a group of koke and chabozu (tea-server) ran to support in apprehending Asano, having seen the turmoil, and Koreuji SHINAGAWA and Yoshiyasu HATAKEYAMA, who were koke (a master of ceremony), carried Kira to Sotetsuno-ma Chamber.
- 明治39年(1906年)3月には日本社会党と共同戦線を張って、東京市内電車の電車賃値上反対運動をおこなったが、国家社会党はこれだけで自然消滅したようである。
- The party, along with the Japan Socialist Party, led a protest against a proposal of the increase in Tokyo's city tram fares in March 1906, but it can be said that it was the party's only achievement after which it eventually became defunct.
- 四象会などにおいて高田民子に大きな援助を受けていたが、代稽古に遣っていた門下の野沢竹朝の不作法を咎められたことで高田家と縁を切り、四象会運営は苦しくなった。
- He was considerably supported by Tamiko TAKADA for Shishokai and others, but disconnected from the Takada family due to the improper manners of Chikucho NOZAWA, his disciple who trained other disciples as his proxy, and therefore the management of Shishokai came in trouble.
- 得宗には実務運営上の倫理を求め、御内人の幕政への介入を抑制する事、伊勢神宮や宇佐神宮と言った有力寺社領の回復に務める事、朝廷の徳政推進の支援などが行われた。
- He likewise demanded of the tokuso to comply with practical work ethics, prevented the miuchibito from intervening the governmental affairs, encouraged major Shinto shrines including Ise-jingu Shrine and Usa-jingu Shrine to restore their territories, and assisted the Imperial Court in advancing its benevolent rule.
- 徳川家康による江戸幕府創設を決定付けた1600年の関ヶ原の戦いは、皮肉にも200年以上の時を超え各大名に多くの教訓を残し、それは倒幕運動へとつながっていく。
- It is ironic that the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, which was decisive in the establishment of Edo Bakufu by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, left many lessons to various daimyos over a period of more than 200 years, which led to the Tobaku movement..
- 大宝3年(703年)持統太上天皇が崩御すると、実際に施行されはじめた律令と、現実的運用とのギャップから、細則の必要性や令そのものへの改革が迫られるようになる。
- After the Retired Empress Jito passed away in 703, establishing of more detailed regulations as well as the reform of the Code itself was called upon, as there was a gap between the Code which was then in effect and its realistic administration.
- 長男湛慶が承安3年(1173年)生まれであることが、京都市・妙法院蓮華王院本堂(三十三間堂)本尊の台座銘から知られ、運慶は12世紀半ば頃の生まれと推測される。
- According to the inscription on the base of the principle object of worship in the main building of Myoho-in Temple's Rengeo-in (Sanjusangen-do), the first son of Kokei was born in 1173, and it is therefore estimated that Unkei was born sometime in the middle of the 12th century.
- 「言文一致運動」に早い段階から参加していたことや、成瀬仁蔵による日本女子大学設立への参与など、当時の動静から女子教育強化に対する中川の情熱を窺うことができる。
- NAKAGAWA's strong passion toward the enhancement of women's education can be traced through his activities at that time, such as his participation in the 'The Vernacular Movement' from the earlier stage of the movement, and involvement in the establishment of Japan Women's University promoted by Jinzo NARUSE.
- 頼之は事態収拾は聖断によるべきと深入りを避けつつも天皇側を支持するが、上皇側は義詮正室渋川幸子らに運動して対抗すると、頼之は光厳院の遺勅を示して介入を封じた。
- Yoriyuki sided with the Emperor side believing that the situation should be settled by an Imperial proclamation and wanting to avoid getting overly involved, but when the retired emperor countered by lobbying Koshi SHIBUKAWA, the wife of Yoshiakira, and her allies, Yoriyuki used Ichoku (a royal command included in a will) left by Kogonin to block their interference.
- 義慈王時代の660年、唐と新羅の連合軍によって百済が滅亡した後も、旧臣らを糾合して抵抗運動を続け、百済の故都である泗沘城(現・忠清南道扶余郡)の奪還を試みた。
- Even after the fall of Baekje against the allied forces of the Tang Dynasty of China and Silla (Korea) in 660, the period of King Uija, he gathered the old retainers of the Baekje army and resisted them for regaining the former capital of Baekje, Sabi Castle (present Buyeo County, Chungcheongnam Province).
- 永禄2年(1559年)には室町幕府第13代将軍・足利義輝に多大な献金運動をして、同年6月には豊前国・筑前国の守護に任ぜられ同年11月には九州探題に補任された。
- He made an enormous donation to Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, the 13th shogun of the Muromachi bakufu in 1559 and was appointed to Shugo (provincial constable) of Buzen and Chikuzen Provinces in July of that year and Kyushu Tandai (local commissioner) in December of the same year.
- 流された讃岐でも厳重に監視されることになり、崇徳は光源氏・在原行平・淳仁天皇(淡路廃帝)ら、かつて流離にあった人々に自身を重ね合わせて、我が身の不運を思い嘆く。
- He is to be kept under surveillance even at Sanuki, where he has been exiled, and Sutoku identifies himself with Hikaru Genji, ARIWARA no Narihira and Emperor Junnin (Awaji haitei, or the eliminated emperor), who had once gone into exile, lamenting the harshness of his fate.
- 扇谷上杉氏は相模国の三浦氏と大森氏を支柱としていたが、この年に、それぞれの当主である扇谷上杉定正、三浦時高、大森氏頼の三人が死去するという不運に見舞われている。
- The Ogigayatsu-Uesugi clan had allied itself with the Miura and Omori clans of Sagami but in the same year, misfortune struck when the heads of the three clans, Sadamasa OGIGAYATSU-UESUGI, Tokitaka MIURA and Ujiyori OMORI all passed away.
- 奇しくもこの年に大久保が暗殺され、筆頭参議となった大隈は大久保の後を受けて内務卿となった伊藤博文とともに、右大臣岩倉具視を擁しながら政府を運営することになった。
- By a curious coincidence, Okubo was assassinated in the same year, which led Okuma, who became the head Councilor, to run the government in cooperation with Hirobumi ITO, who succeeded the post of Secretary of Interior from Okubo, with Tomomi IWAKURA as the Minister of the Right.
- 埼玉県さいたま市岩槻区上野にある「龍海寺」という寺院が「創立者:東久邇宮稔彦」「開祖:小原龍海」として運営されているが、どのような繋がりがあるのかは不明である。
- A temple called the 'Ryukai-ji Temple' located in Ueno, Iwatsuki Ward, Saitama City, Saitama Prefecture is operated under 'Founder: Naruhiko HIGASHIKUNINOMIYA' and 'Originator: Ryukai OHARA,' but how it relates to HIGASHIKUNINOMIYA is unknown.
- 次第に勃興した尊皇攘夷運動に共鳴、江戸遊学中の文久2年(1862年)には高杉晋作や久坂玄瑞らとともにイギリス公使館の焼討ちに参加するなどの過激な行動を実践する。
- He sympathized with the gradually rising sonno joi movement, engaging in extreme acts such as setting fire to the British legation along with Shinsaku TAKASUGI and Genzui KUSAKA in 1862 while he was travelling to study in Edo.
- 江戸時代末期になり、諸外国が幕府に開国を求めると、尊皇攘夷などの運動が盛んとなり、政情不安の中で、十五代将軍の徳川慶喜は大政奉還を行い、武家政権は終焉を迎えた。
- At the end of the Edo period, as many foreign countries requested the bakufu to open the nation to the world, movements such as Sonno Joi (slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners), and yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, the 15th Shogun, implemented Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor) under the unstable political situation, resulting in the end of the military government.
- 参考として、通常の黄砂の場合、舞い上げられた砂塵の3割が発生地に、2割が発生地の周辺地域に、5割が日韓や太平洋などの遠方に運ばれて落下・沈着すると言われている。
- As a reference, it is said that, in an ordinary kosa, 30 percent of the dust flung up into the air falls and stays in the place where the kosa originates, 20 percent in its vicinity, and 50 percent is moved to, falls in and stays in far places like Japan, Korea and the Pacific Ocean.
- 慶長3年(1598年)秀吉が死去すると、五大老の筆頭である徳川家康が頭角を現し朝鮮遠征軍撤退の和平交渉でも主導権を握り実質的な政権運営者へとのし上がっていった。
- When Hideyoshi died in 1598, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who was the leader of the Council of Five Elders (五大老), started to distinguish himself and took the lead in negotiations for peace through the withdrawal of the army, which had advanced into Korea; subsequently, he became the person who virtually controlled the government.
- 箱館戦争が終結すると、首謀者の榎本武揚・大鳥圭介・松平太郎らは東京辰の口に投獄されたが、黒田清隆らによる助命運動により、明治5年(1872年)1月に赦免された。
- When the Hakodate War was over, the mastermind of the war, Takeaki ENOMOTO, Keisuke OTORI, and Taro MATSUDAIRA were imprisoned in Tatsunokuchi, Tokyo, but they were pardoned in January, 1872, because of a movement to save their lives led by Kiyotaka KURODA.
- 運動の中心であった柳は、当時ほとんど研究が進んでおらず、美術品としての評価も定まっていなかった日本各地の民衆的工芸品の調査・収集のため、日本全国を精力的に旅した。
- Yanagi, who was the key figure of the movement, actively traveled to various places in Japan to investigate and collect folkish handicrafts that had hardly been researched or evaluated as art.
- また、天慶八年(945年)の3月18日に公雅の枕元に観音様が立ち「この沖合に生ずる青、赤、黒三通りの海草を食すれば、無病開運、来世は必ず仏果を得べし。」と告げた。
- Moreover, it is said that on March 18, 945, Kannon (Deity of Mercy) stood by Kinmasa's bed and said 'if you eat the blue, red, and black seaweeds available off this island, you will be healthy, fortunate, and earn Buddhahood in after life.'
- 九条 武子(くじょう たけこ、1887年(明治20年)10月20日 - 1928年(昭和3年)2月7日)は、教育者・歌人、後年には社会運動活動家としても活躍した。
- Takeko KUJO (October 20, 1887 - February 7, 1928) was an educator and tanka poet, also actively engaged in the social movement in her later years.
- 義姉・大谷籌子裏方(大谷光瑞夫人)を助けて仏教婦人会を創設し、1911年(明治44年)、大谷籌子が30歳の若さで早世の際は本部長に就任、同会運営の重責を果たした。
- She helped her sister-in-law, Kazuko OTANI, the wife of then head abbot, Kozui OTANI, found the Buddhist Women's Association (BWA, Fujinkai in Japanese) and when Kazuko OTANI died young at the age of 30 in 1911, Takeko became general manager, taking on the solemn responsibilities of operating the Association.
- しかしごく一部ではあるが、玉藻前、九尾の狐を単なる国家や王朝を破壊しようとした悪役ではなく、孤独を恐れ、愛情に溺れ、運命に弄ばれた悲劇のヒロインとする見方もある。
- Note, however, some see Tamamo no Mae, or the nine-tailed fox, as a heroine of a tragedy who was afraid of being alone, addicted to love, and a puppet of fate, instead of an evil character who tried to destroy the nation or dynasty.
- 結果的に久光ら3侯が慶喜(幕府)側に譲歩し鎖港方針に合意したものの、両者の不和は解消されず、参預会議は機能不全に陥り解体、薩摩藩の推進した公武合体運動は頓挫する。
- In the end, the three Marquises including Hisamitsu conceded to Yoshinobu (bakufu) and agreed to the foreign ship exclusion policy from Yokohama port, but the discord between both parties was not settled, and the council of Sanyo did not work well and was disorganized, leading to the setback of Kobu Gattai movement.
- ヨッフェは当時モスクワに滞在していたアメリカ共産党員・片山潜の推薦を受けて派遣されたもので、仲介したのは黎明会を組織した内藤民治と田口運蔵等の社会主義者であった。
- Joffe was sent by the recommendation of Sen KATAYAMA who had been staying in Moscow at the time as a member of the Communist Party of the USA, and the meeting was mediated by Tamiji NAITO and Unzo TAGUCHI, socialists who organized the Reimei-kai Organization.
- 慶應義塾大学をはじめとする学校法人慶應義塾の運営する学校では、創立者の福澤諭吉のみを「福澤先生」と呼ぶ伝統があり、他は教員も学生も公式には「○○君」と表記される。
- In the schools operated by Gakko hojin Keio Gijuku including Keio University, only Yukichi FUKUZAWA, the founder, has been traditionally called 'Fukuzawa sensei' with a title for teachers, and the others, including teachers and students, have been officially called with a casual title 'kun.'
- 神経痛、筋肉痛、関節痛、五十肩、運動麻痺、関節のこわばり、うちみ、くじき、慢性消化器病、痔疾、冷え性、病後回復期、疲労回復、健康増進、きりきず、やけど、慢性皮膚病
- Nerve pain, muscle ache, joint ache, frozen shoulder, motor paralysis, stiff joints, contusion, twisted joint, chronic digestive diseases, hemorrhoid, excessive sensitivity to cold, recovery from illness, soothing effect, health enhancement, cut, burn injury and chronic skin diseases
- また、荘園領主の許に徴収した年貢・公事などを運上する人夫役や関連した施設の警固や修繕を行う際にも荘民に対して臨時の徴用を行う場合があり、それもまた「公事」と称した。
- Also, in some cases, there was a coolie duty to deliver collected nengu or kuji to lord of the manor or other extra compulsory service such as guard or repair of the related facilities, which were also referred to as kuji.
- 1331年に後醍醐天皇が討幕運動を起こし、京都を脱出して笠置山 (京都府)に拠った元弘の乱では幕府が編成した鎮圧軍に従軍し、主に京都において事後処理を担当している。
- In 1331, at the onset of the Genko War, which Emperor Godaigo had instigated by raising an army against the shogunate, removing himself from the capital (Kyoto) and setting up a base on Kasagi-yama Mountain, Doyo joined the shogunate army to put down the rebellion, and had been mainly in charge of implementing measures after the war in Kyoto had finished.
- 庄五郎は油売り行商を重ねていたが、あるとき美濃常在寺の日護房改め日運と再会し、日運の縁故を頼った庄五郎は、美濃守護土岐氏小守護代の長井長弘家臣となることに成功した。
- Shogoro (Dosan), hawking oil on the road, one day came across Nichiun (once known as Nichigobo) of the Jozai-ji Temple in Mino; counting on their old friendship he succeeded in becoming a retainer of Nagahiro NAGAI, Koshugodai (junior deputy shugo) of the TOKI clan, which was Shugo (provincial governor) of Mino Province.
- 同時期、李鴻章や劉坤一、栄禄といった清朝の実力者が次々と死去するという「幸運」もあって、清朝一の精鋭部隊を率いる袁世凱は、それを政治資本として有効に活用していった。
- At the same time, Yuan Shikai enjoyed 'good fortune' with the consecutive deaths of powerful people of the Qing dynasty such as Li Hongzhang, Liu Kunyi, and Ronglu, so Shikai, who led the Qing dynasty's only elite troops, used this effectively as a political tool.
- 当初は義和団を称する秘密結社による排外運動であったが、1900年(光緒26年、明治33年)に西太后がこの反乱を支持して欧米列国に宣戦布告したため国家間戦争となった。
- It was originally an anti-foreign movement by the secret society named the Boxers, but it became a war between nations after Empress Dowager Cixi supported this rebellion and declared a war against European nations and the United States in 1900.
- 名電の運賃値上げを機にその不満が噴出し、市内路線の事業独占を糾弾すべくデモクラシー運動を展開する団体が鶴舞公園で主催した「電車賃値下問題市民大会」に多数が集まった。
- The frustration became more apparent when Nagoya Denki Tetsudo raised the fare, and one democracy organization held 'Public Meeting Concerning The Drop Of The Train Fare' at the Tsurumai park and many people gathered there to accuse their monopoly supply of the railroad service within the city.
- 自由民権運動の指導者であるため、一般には近代立憲的な自由主義の思想を持っていたとされ、また中江兆民がルソーを翻訳したことから、近代思想の輸入者というイメージもある。
- As he was the leader of Jiyu Minken Undo, Itagaki has been generally regarded as having the philosophy of modern constitutional liberalism, and also, he has the image of an importer of modern philosophy like Chomin NAKAE, who translated the works of Jean-Jacques Rousseau into Japanese.
- 北白川宮成久王は滞仏中に運転を覚え、「一度、稔彦王に腕前を見てほしい」とのことで一緒にドライブに行ったが、成久王の腕前は怪しく「あなたはまだ危ないからおやめなさい。
- Prince Naruhisa KITASIRAKAWANOMIYA learned driving during his stay in France and went for a drive with Prince Naruhiko, saying 'I want Prince Naruhiko to check out my driving skill,' however, as his skill was untrustworthy, Prince Naruhiko said to him that 'As you are not yet a good driver, you should refrain from driving.'
- このことからして、義家が早い時期から義忠を河内守として河内源氏の本拠地たる河内国の長官になる運動をしていたと考えると、義忠後継が早い時期に決まっていたものとされる。
- This suggests that, by appointing him as Kawachi no kami, governor of the stronghold of Kawachi-Genji, Yoshiie may have already chosen Yoshitada as his successor and set in motion his rise to leadership at an early stage.
- また、新体制運動の核の一つであった経済新体制確立要綱が財界から反発を受け、小林一三商工相は経済新体制要綱の推進者である岸信介次官と対立、小林は岸を「アカ」と批判した。
- Furthermore, the new economic policy outline, which was one of the key points of the new order movement, faced opposition from the financial world, with Ichizo KOBAYASHI, the Minister of Commerce and Industry, clashing with Vice-Minister, Nobusuke KISHI, the driving force behind the outline, whom Kobayashi criticized as 'a red.'
- 例外は大沽砲台や聶士成の武衛前軍、馬玉崑率いる武衛左軍といった近代化部隊であったが、これすら兵器の扱いに不慣れな兵士が多かったために効果的な運用ができなかったという。
- The exceptions were Taku Fort, the frontal army of Chinese imperial guard division of Nie Shicheng, and the modern left Chinese imperial guard division led by Bagyokukon, but they could not operate smoothly since many soldiers were unfamiliar with their weapons.
- 帝国議会設置以来、衆議院では、自由党_(明治)・立憲改進党に代表される自由民権運動を継承する民党とこれに反対する国民協会に代表される温和派(吏党)が対立を続けてきた。
- There were conflicts between the 'Minto' (People's Party) representing the Jiyuto (Liberal Party) in Meiji period and the Rikken Kaishinto supporting the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, and the 'Rito' (Bureaucrats' Party) representing the Kokumin Kyokai after the constitution of the Imperial Diet opposed it.
- 明治41年(1908年)には日露戦争後の自由主義・社会主義思想の勃興や弛緩した世情を危ぶみ、思想統制政策としての公布を仰ぎ、また地方政策では、地方改良運動を推進した。
- Concerned about the precariousness of society and the rise of the post-Russo-Japanese war liberalism and socialism, Tosuke in 1908 attempted to issue laws to control the people's thinking and also promoted local improvements as regional measures.
- その後、宮中や元老院 (日本)を舞台に谷干城・元田永孚らともに「天皇親政運動」を主導して、明治天皇を擁して伊藤博文ら政府要人の排除に動いたために「中正党」と称された。
- Following this, SASAKI, along with Tateki TANI and Nagazane MOTODA, spearheaded the 'Direct Imperial Rule Movement' in and around the Imperial Court and Chamber of Elders, called the 'Chusei Party' (sitting politically midway between the those advocating the Meiji oligarchy and those pushing for freedom and peoples' rights) for taking action to remove the authority of important government men such as Hirobumi ITO and embracing Emperor Meiji.
- 家茂は、慶喜は優秀ではあるが、それゆえに自策に溺れる可能性が高いのに対し、亀之助は幼少であるがゆえに幕閣の合議により最上の幕府の運営が出来ると考えていたとされている。
- Iemochi allegedly thought that although Yoshinobu was smart, this made it highly possible that he would end up outsmarting himself, while Kamenosuke on the other hand, was young having him as shogun would create the best management of the bakufu possible through agreement of the cabinet officials of the Shogunate.
- こうした政権運営をめぐって、大老・前田利家や五奉行の石田三成らの反感を買い、慶長4年(1599年)1月19日、家康に対して三中老の堀尾吉晴らが問罪使として派遣された。
- Concerning such operations of the government, Ieyasu aroused antipathy of Toshiie MAEDA, tairo (the person at the highest post of the government), and Mitsunari ISHIDA, one of Go-bugyo, and on January 19 (in the old calendar), 1599, Yoshiharu HORIO, San-churo (an arbitrator), was sent to Ieyasu as an envoy for checking the crime.
- このため、彼らに代わって寛文6年(1666年)には酒井忠清が大老に就任し、治世後半の寛文・延宝期には忠清の主導のもと老中合議制と家綱自身の上意により幕政が運営された。
- As a result, in the last half of Ietsuna's reign (the Kanbun and the Enpo eras), Tadakiyo SAKAI assumed the position of Tairo in 1666 to replace the Iro retainers and the bakufu came to be administered by the orders of Ietsuna himself with a Roju council system under the leadership of Tadakiyo.
- 最終氷期の初期にあたる7万年前 - 6万年前ごろの風送ダスト(風によって運ばれ、堆積した砂や塵のこと、黄砂もこれに含まれる)の堆積量は10cm²あたり12gであった。
- The amount of dust sent by wind in the period from 70 to 60 thousand years ago (the sand and dust carried over to and accumulated in Japan, including kosa) was 12 g per 10 square centimeters.
- 元弘の変が失敗に終わったあとも、幕府の追及を逃れた後醍醐の皇子護良親王、楠木正成らのゲリラ的抵抗運動は続き、規模的にも地域的にも次第に純然たる叛乱へと拡大していった。
- After the Genko Incident ended in failure, guerilla like resistance continued under Godaigo's son, Imperial Prince Moriyoshi and Masashige KUSUNOKI, and gradually the size and region increased until it was a true insurrection.
- しかし、木戸の説得に押され、また『板垣を在野で放置して過激派と結びつかれるよりも、政府につなぎとめておいた方が、政府への反対運動を分断できる』と考え、態度を軟化させた。
- Nevertheless, he was moved by Kido's s persuasion and also thought that 'instead of leaving Itagaki outside the government to let him join radical groups, he should keep him inside in order to sever the anti-government movement,' and thus he took a softer line.
- 『公卿補任』や『本朝皇胤紹運録』は、宇多天皇の皇女としているが、順子と宇多天皇の年齢差が僅か9歳であることから、兄弟関係であったとしても、父子関係であったとは考え難い。
- Though 'Kugyobunin' (directory of court nobles) and 'Honcho Koin Jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree, made in Muromachi period) says that she was a princess of Emperor Uda, the age difference between Junshi and Emperor Uda was only nine years, so it is possible that they were a brother and sister, but unlikely that they were a father and a daughter.
- これにより北上川流域水運を通じ石巻から江戸へ東廻り航路で米を移出する体制が整う(江戸時代の多くの期間において、江戸で流通する米の半分は仙台藩石巻港からの廻米であった)。
- The Port of Ishinomaki enabled to provide the system of transporting the rice produce in the eastern bound shipping route, from the canals of Kitakami-gawa River basin to Edo via Ishinomaki (Most of the time throughout Edo period, half of the total rice produce distributed in Edo was the transported rice from the Port of Ishinomaki of Sendai Domain).
- 更に『続日本紀』の和銅2年7月1日 (旧暦)(ユリウス暦709年8月10日)の条に出羽柵に武器を運搬したとの記載があることから、その時点には出羽柵が存在したことがわかる。
- Additionally, since an article dated August 14, 709 of 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) records that weapons were transported to Dewa no Ki, it is suggested that Dewa no Ki had existed by then.
- 豊臣政権によって兵農分離が進められると、武士が兵士としての役目を行うことが原則となるとともに兵糧携帯の義務が廃されて、代わりに兵糧の調達・運搬は農民ら領民の義務とされた。
- When the Toyotomi Administration forwarded heinobunri (a separation of the warrior class in this domain from the soil), samurai (warriors) did their job as soldiers in principle and their obligation to carry army provisions was abolished, and then, instead of that, it became people of the domain like peasants who undertook obligations to supply and transport army provisions.
- 末広鉄腸(すえひろ てっちょう、嘉永2年2月21日 (旧暦)(1849年3月15日) - 明治29年(1896年)2月5日)は明治時代の運動家・新聞記者・政治家・小説家。
- Tetcho SUEHIRO (March 15, 1849 - February 5, 1896) was a political activist, press reporter and novelist in the Meiji period.
- 吉沢検校が古い箏曲や雅楽を取り入れ純箏曲を多く作ったということで、かつては彼が「復古運動を提唱」したとか、「箏曲独立の精神を樹立」したなどと言われることがしばしばあった。
- It was often said that Kengyo YOSHIZAWA 'advocated reversionism' or 'established the independent spirit of koto music,' because he had taken old koto music and gagaku to create many pieces of pure koto music.
- 更に新政府内部でも陸海軍の円滑な運営に欠かせない天文や測量が古い陰陽寮に縛られる事への危惧や、非科学的な陰陽道が日本の近代科学導入の障害になる事が指摘されるようになった。
- In addition, even within the new government, some people started to point out the risk associated with the fact that astronomy and measurements, which were indispensable to smooth operations of the army and the navy, were controlled by the old Onmyoryo, and others pointed out that unscientific Onmyodo might become an obstacle to the introduction of modern science into Japan.
- 平城天皇の時代に入ると、新帝のもとで荒廃する地方政治の再建のために緒嗣や藤原園人を中心に観察使制度を設けて、地方政治の運営を中央政府の高官が直接監視する新制度を導入した。
- When the period of the Emperor Heijo started, in order to reconstruct the devastated politics in rural areas under the new emperor, Kansatsushi (a visiting observer system) was founded led by Otsugu and FUJIWARA no Sonohito and, thereby, a new system was introduced in which highly ranked officials of the central government directly supervised the operation of politics in each area.
- しかし、溝口自身は左翼思想の持ち主でもなく、プロレタリア運動が退潮後の7年には新興キネマに招かれて国策映画「満蒙建国の黎明」を撮るなど、変わり身の早いところも見せている。
- He himself, however, did not believe in left-wing ideology; in 1932 after the decline of the proletarian movement, he showed his opportunistic side by being invited by Shinko Kinema to direct the propaganda film called 'Manmo kenkoku no reimei' (Dawn in Manchuria).
- 浪士が自宅に踏み込んできたとき賀川は二階へと逃げ込み隠れていたが、運悪く帰宅した幼い子どもが浪士たちに捕われ厳しい詰問を受けるのを見て自ら階下へ降りたところを斬首された。
- When the roshi made a raid and stepped into his house, KAGAWA went upstairs and hid himself; but on seeing his young children who unfortunately came home and were cruelly questioned by the roshi that had captivated them, he went downstairs on his own will, and was beheaded.
- 高杉も桂小五郎(木戸孝允)や久坂義助(久坂玄瑞)たちと共にともに尊攘運動に加わり、江戸・京師(京都市)において勤皇・破約攘夷の宣伝活動を展開し、各藩の志士たちと交流した。
- Takasugi also joined the Sonno Joi movement with Kogoro KATSURA (Takayoshi KIDO) and Yoshisuke KUSAKA (Genzui KUSAKA) and launched a campaign in Kyoto espousing loyalty to the Emperor, nullification of treaties and the expelling of foreigners, in cooperation with royalists from other clans.
- 関門海峡は潮の流れの変化が激しく、水軍の運用に長けた平氏軍はこれを熟知しており、早い潮の流れに乗ってさんざんに矢を射かけて、海戦に慣れない坂東武者の義経軍を押しまくった。
- The changing of the tides in the Kanmon straits is very strong, and the Taira navy, who had a thorough understanding of the tides there, was able to ride the rapid tidal current and rain down arrows on the enemy, and kept pushing back the Yoshitsune's army, the warriors from the east Japan, who were unused to fighting at sea.
- 結果的にこの選挙での投票はかなわなかったものの、自由民権運動と結びつき、1880年9月20日に政府より区町村会法が発布され、区町村会選挙規則制定権が各区町村会で認められた。
- She, after all, could not vote in the election, however, her action was jointed to the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, and on September 20, 1880, Kuchsonkai ho (the law of municipal assembly) was issued, which gave each Kuchsonkai (municipal assembly) the right to make rules of its own election.
- この秀秋の行状や小早川氏の運命と、天下を取った後に徳川家康が豊臣氏を滅ぼしたことを思えば、隆景が秀秋を小早川氏に引き取ったからこそ、毛利氏宗家は救われたということもできる。
- Looking back at the behavior of Hideaki and the fate of the Kobayakawa clan, and considering the fact that the Toyotomi clan was defeated by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA after Ieyasu gained full control of the nation, it can be said that the head family of the Mori clan was saved because Takakage adopted Hideaki to be a member of the Kobayakawa clan.
- 子の田沼意知暗殺や印旛沼干拓事業の失敗、浅間山の噴火・天明の大飢饉発生および後ろ盾であった将軍家治の死などの不運が重なったことにより、田沼が失脚したことで田沼政治は終局する。
- And Okitsugu repeatedly met with misfortunes, such as the assassination of his son Okitomo TANUMA, failure of the reclamation work of Inba-numa Lake, eruption of Mt. Asama, the Tenmei Famine, and the death of the Shogun Ieharu who supported Okitsugu, so he lost his position and his politics came to an end.
- しかし上で見たように『明六雑誌』には自由民権運動についての論説がしばしば掲載され、各種新聞で多くの反響を呼び、植木枝盛のような熱狂的な支持者を生み出すきっかけともなっていた。
- However, as mentioned above, the articles on the Freedom and People's Rights Movement were often published on 'Meiroku Zasshi,' which evoked many responses on various newspapers and enthusiastic supporters such as Emori UEKI.
- その後、復職を許されたが、その後も幕府との協調路線を推進し、公武合体運動の一環である和宮降嫁を積極的に推し進めたため、一部の過激な尊皇攘夷派から糾弾されて、謹慎を命じられた。
- Though Hisatada KUJO was permitted to return to his position later on, he still continued to promote the cooperative line with the Bakufu and actively drove the marriage of Imperial Princess Kazunomiya with Shogun as a part of the movement to establish a coalition government by the Imperial Court and the Bakufu and, therefore, Hisatada was denounced by the extremists of the faction which advocated revering the Emperor and expelling the barbarians, and Hisatada was ordered to stay at home.
- が、作家永井路子は彼女を母や姉達ほど美人でもなく機転が利く訳でもないが、どんな運命に巻き込まれても平然と受け流し、その度に魅力を増していく女性という、全く別の解釈をしている。
- However, a novelist Michiko NAGAI made a completely different explanation that Sugen-in was not so beautiful as her mother and sisters and not quick-witted, but she could calmly take any fate in stride and added charms to herself each time she got over it.
- 第二次木津川口の戦いで敗北した毛利水軍であったが、翌年には三木城へ兵糧を運び入れる等、活発な活動を見せており、信長公記に見られるような一方的大勝利であったかも疑問とされている。
- The Mori navy, which was defeated in the second battle of Kizugawaguchi, started active movements such as carrying army provisions into Miki-jo Castle the next year, which makes the runaway victory recorded in Shincho koki doubtful.
- また、多方面に通じたスポーツマンであったことから学生や若者からの人気は高く、雑誌『冒険世界』が行った「痛快男子十傑投票」という読者投稿企画では、運動家部門で1位に選ばれている。
- As a versatile sportsman, Mishima enjoyed high popularity among students and young people, and he was selected as the top under the sportsman category by reader's vote at an event 'the vote on the ten most heroic men' performed by ''Adventure World'' magazine.
- 内閣制度の仕組みはどのようなものか、議会はどのように運営されているのか、民主政治の先進国イギリスが、長い年月をかけて生み出した知識と知恵の数々をさかんに吸収したあとがみられる。
- The notebooks show that Mutsu absorbed various information and knowledge that had been developed over long years in England, an advanced country of democracy, such as how the cabinet system was structured and how the parliament was operated.
- 自由民権運動の高まりの中で、主水は明治15年(1882年)6月、諏訪伊助、辰野宗治と連名で会津帝政党を設立、当時福島県令の三島通庸の三方道路建設に寄与、清水屋旅館事件に関わる。
- Amid the growing expansion of Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right), Mondo founded Aizu Teisei Party (Aizu Imperialism Party) in the joint name with Isuke SUWA and Soji TATSUNO in June 1882, and contributed to the construction of Sanho Road by Michitsune MISHIMA, Fukushima Kenrei (prefectural governor) at the time, and got involved in the Shimizuya Ryokan Affair.
- これは東海道筋は海運が盛んで、運賃の高い鉄道は余り使用されないであろうとする見方、それに東海道筋は海に近く、外国の攻撃を受けやすいという陸軍の強い反対があったためであるとされる。
- This is because of the fact that Tokaido Road's prospering maritime shipping trade and its expensive prices meant that it was little used, and that there were strong objections from the Army based on the fact that Tokaido Road's proximity to the coast left it vulnerable to foreign attack.
- 地租の軽減は自由民権運動の主力が地主・農民に移った1880年代以後盛んになっており、1887年の三大事件建白書においても「外交の刷新」「言論・集会の自由」と並んで掲げられていた。
- Reduction of the land tax was increasingly asserted after 1880 when the principal members of Democratic-Rights Movement shifted to landowners and peasants, and it was aimed along with 'Gaikou no Satsushin' (revamping of foreign diplomacy) and 'Genron and Syukai no Jiyuu' (freedom of speech and assembly) also in Sandai Jiken Kenpakusyo (the petition of three major matters) in 1887.
- 幼少のころから「農をもって国を興す」という大志を抱き、わずか8歳で運搬用の手押し車を発明するなど農機具の考案、さらにはイネの品種改良など農業全般にわたる実地指導者として活躍した。
- He had an ambition to 'promote the national development of Japan through the development of agriculture' from his childhood; he invented an agricultural instrument--a handcart to carry agricultural produce--when he was only 8 years old; he continued to work practically as the leading advisor of various agricultural fields, including the improvement and production of new rice varieties.
- そこで実如は寺の実務を次男で後継者となっていた円如と自分の同母弟で蓮如の6男にして円如の舅でもあった近江顕証寺・伊勢国願証寺両寺の住持を兼ねていた蓮淳に教団運営を任せることにした。
- Then, Jitsunyo decided to entrust the management of the religious community to Ennyo, his 2nd son and successor and Renjun, his younger maternal half-brother, the 6th son of Rennyo, a father-in-law of Ennyo, and the chief priest of both Omi Kensho-ji Temple and Gansho-ji Temple in Ise Province.
- これに伴い、戦国大名にとっては、戦国時代から始まるとして世界遺産にも指定された石見銀山に代表されるように、領内にある金山・銀山の運営が、軍資金の調達のために戦略的な重要性を増した。
- As a result, for sengoku daimyo, operation of gold and silver mines in the territory increased their strategic importance as a means to raise war funds as represented by Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine which was designated a World Heritage as commenced in the Sengoku Period.
- が内容的には、その名を冠された歌人以外の作品も含まれるなど不備は多いものの、和歌が撰集形式ではなく、個人の著作物として鑑賞される機運が高まってきたことを示す重要な事例であるといえる。
- Although there were discrepancies such as poets not originally named in the title appearing within the kashu, it could be interpreted as an important example of the shift in the readers' interest from reading anthologies to reading works of individual poets.
- 軍事面で評されることが多いが、内政面に関しても大きな失政はなく、綿密に計画された金山運営で大きな利益をあげることに成功しており、また日本海側の海上交易の要衝としての利益も大きかった。
- Kenshin was often reputed for his management in military affairs, as regards to domestic administration there was no big mismanagement, he succeeded in making big profits from the gold mine based on detailed strategy, and also made huge profits from maritime trade through the Japan Sea route.
- 当初の構想である東北地方を横貫して阿武隈川から猪苗代湖にいたり阿賀野川に抜ける大運河構想を破棄し鉄道建設に取って代わらせ、疎水方式による通航が出来ない通水のみの機能に絞って実現した。
- Although according to the original plan it should have crossed the Tohoku region from the Abukuma-gawa River through Lake Inawashiro to the Agano-gawa River, he canceled that gigantic-scale canal plan and adopted the construction of a railroad instead, and in the end he realized the plan by giving up shipping passengers and goods in a canal system but limiting its function only to running the water.
- 慶運(けいうん/きょううん、永仁年間(1293年-1299年) - 正平 (日本)24年/応安2年(1369年)頃)は、鎌倉時代後期から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけての天台宗の僧・歌人。
- Keiun, also known as Kyoun (born sometime during the 1293-1299, and died in 1369), was a poet and monk of the Tendai sect who lived in the latter days of Kamakura period into the middle of Japan's Northern and Southern Court period.
- しかしながら、周辺地域の経済は、西国街道、美作・因幡街道などの街道や、加古川、市川 (兵庫県)、揖保川などの船運といった物流経路に依存する形でそれぞれ緩やかな小経済地域を形成していた。
- However, each of the surrounding areas formed a relatively independent economic area, depending on road transportation along the Saigoku-kaido road or the Mimasaka and Inaba-kaido roads, or on water transportation on the Kako-gawa River, the Ichi-kawa River (in Hyogo Prefecture), or the Ibo-gawa River.
- 1914年(大正3年)、名古屋市において路面電車を運営していた名古屋電気鉄道(名電)に対し、不況下(当時はまだ、第一次世界大戦が勃発した直後)のもと市民は運賃の高さに不満を持っていた。
- In 1914, people under the economy depression (it was just soon after the First World War occurred) were frustrated with the high price of the fare of Nagoyo Denki Testudo ran streetcars in Nagoya city.
- 一方、鳥取藩内でも河田を中心に攘夷親征運動の機運が盛り上がっていたが、同藩の重臣黒部権之介ら公武合体派は、これらの動きを藩を危険に陥れるものであると主張、藩内に深刻な対立を生じていた。
- On the other hand, the time was ripe for Joi Shinsei movement among Tottori clan, but the kobu-gattai (integration of the imperial court and the shogunate) party such as Gonnosuke KUROBE of the same clan insisted that these movements would make the clan fall into the danger so that a serious conflict arose within the clan.
- 敵将の嫡男であったので本来は処刑される運命にあったが、母が安倍氏を滅ぼした敵将である清原武則の長男清原武貞に再嫁することになって危うく難をのがれ、連れ子の清衡も清原武貞の養子となった。
- He was to be killed as the heir of an enemy warlord, but then allowed to survive because his mother came to remarry KIYOHARA no Takesada, the first son of warlord KIYOHARA no Takenori who had destroyed the Abe clan, and Kiyohira, as her child, was also adopted by KIYOHARA no Takesada.
- 明治24年10月には再び請願が行われたが、運動が米子地方に限られたものであり、他の鳥取・倉吉地方は総じて冷淡な反応を示し、県下全域に広がるものではなかったため、結局実現には至らなかった。
- In October 1891, a petition was made again but the movement was held only in Yonago district and other districts such as Tottori and Kurayoshi didn't show much interest, and the petition was not accepted because the movement didn't grow in all districts in the prefecture,.
- だが、桂の自立(大正政変を参照)、大正デモクラシーや社会運動の高揚、第1次世界大戦など、山縣は次第に時代の変化に追いつけなくなり、桂の死後には寺内や清浦らも独自の道を歩みだすようになる。
- Gradually, however, Yamagata found himself unable to keep pace with the changes in the times such as when Katsura became independent (refer to Taisho Political Change), the intensification of Taisho democracy and social movements, and World War I; therefore, after Katsura's death Terauchi and Kiyoura also set off on their own paths.
- いわゆる日本主義者が、『日本 (新聞)』を舞台に政府の外交方針と自由民権運動の民力休養路線の双方を批判して、強硬的な外交政策による不平等条約解消とその裏付けとなる軍事力の拡張を主張した。
- So-called 'Japanese nationalist' criticized the line of reducing the national burden which were the government diplomatic policies and the Freedom and People's Rights Movement in 'Japan (newspaper)' and advocated dissolution of unequal treaty with the forceful diplomacy and to expand the military force.
- 第1次伊藤内閣の末期、条約改正の失敗の責任をとって外務大臣 (日本)を辞任した井上は、町村長ら地方自治運営の主体となる名望家層を結集させて、民党に対抗する保守政党を結成する構想を抱いた。
- Inoue, who resigned from his post as Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs took responsibility for the failure of a treaty revision at the late stage of the first Ito cabinet by conceiving a plan to form a conservative party opposing minto (general term of the political parties such as Liberal Party and Progressive Party that conflicted with the domain government when the Imperial Diet was inaugurated) by organizing men with high reputation such as mayors, who were the main constituent to manage local autonomies.
- 加えてハイフォンをはじめ、ベトナム各地に設けられた税関ではヨーロッパ人がトップである税関長を占め、ベトナム人スタッフと共同運営していたが、ヨーロッパ・ベトナム間にはよく争いが生じていた。
- In addition, at customs stations opened in Hai Phong and other region around Vietnam, Europeans served as commissioners of customs, head of custom station and Vietnamese, but there were conflicts frequently between Europeans and Vietnamese.
- 官学崇拝も強く、当時の官公立中等教育のメッカである府立一中にも足を運び、「本校は帝都の第一中学であるのみならず、帝国の第一中学である」など講演にても国家の権威を高めることに尽力していた。
- He was also a strong adorer of education by national school (present public school in Japan), and put much effort into enhancing the authority of the state, as he even visited the Tokyo Prefectural First Junior High School, the mecca of secondary education by national school in those days, and lectured, 'This school is the first junior high school not only in the imperial capital but also in the empire.'
- 後醍醐天皇の側近として無礼講(破仏講)に参加する(『太平記』)など、早くから倒幕運動で指導的役割を務め、元弘の乱でも同じく倒幕を指揮したため六波羅探題に捕われ、まもなく官職を剥奪された。
- From early on, he took a leadership role in the movement to overthrow the Shogunate, including his participation in the unrestricted binge as a close aide of Emperor Godaigo ('Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace)) and also led the overthrow of the Shogunate in the Genko War, and, thus, shortly after being captured by the Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) he was deprived of his government posts.
- 実隆公記には、入選依頼の運動が激しくなり、そうした依頼を一切受け付けないことを申し合わせたこと、選句について猪苗代兼載と宗祇が激しく対立し、実隆が間に入って解決したことなどが記されている。
- According to Sanetaka Koki, people got crazy about putting their poems in a collection and asked him, but he made an arrangement with Sogi to turn down such offers; When Sogi was in conflict with Kensai INAWASHIRO about the selected poems, Sanetaka made peace between them.
- 西園寺が自由民権運動に加担することは政府や宮中で物議を呼び、内大臣岩倉具視が働きかけた明治天皇の内勅により退社を余儀なくされ、東洋自由新聞は4月30日発行の第34号にて廃刊に追い込まれた。
- Saionji's involvement in the Democratic Rights Movement became controversial in the government as well as in the Imperial Court, and he was forced to resign from the company because of a private ordinance of Emperor Meiji's that was set up by Minister of the Imperial Household, Tomomi IWAKURA, and Toyo Jiyu Shinbun was forced to shut down after publishing the 34th issue on April 30.
- 特に養女藤原嫄子(後朱雀天皇中宮)が早世した後は、頼通はこの一人娘に皇太子誕生の命運を賭けて永承5年(1050年)12月22日後冷泉天皇に入内させ、さらに翌年2月13日、皇后宮に冊立する。
- When his adopted daughter, FUJIWARA no Genshi (Chugu (Empress) of Emperor Gosuzaku) passed away early, Yorimichi tried his luck on his only daughter and made her go under Judai (marry into the imperial court) to Emperor Goreizei on February 11, 1051 and promoted her to Kisai no miya (Empress) on April 2 of the same year.
- ただ、低気圧が発達しながら移動するなどして、激しい風によって空気がかき混ぜられた場合は、日本上空で最大6 - 7km程度と、もっと高い高度にも高濃度の層ができて遠くまで運ばれることもある。
- However, when the air is churned by a strong wind, for example, by a movement of a growing low pressure, a high-density dust layer may be generated at a higher place, for example, a height of up to 6 to 7 km above the Japanese archipelago, moving the dust to far away places.
- 結果、容堂は幕末の四賢侯の一人に挙げられていながらも、討幕運動が盛んになり続けても逆に幕府を擁護したため幕末及び明治初期の政局に混乱をきたす事となり、彼の評価は芳しい物ではなくなっていく。
- As a result, although Yodo's name is listed among the Bakumatsu-no-shikenko (幕末の四賢候), he continued to defend Bakufu even when the Tobaku movement became active; this brought about confusion in political conditions at the end of the Edo period and the beginning of the Meiji period, and his reputation declined.
- 大久保利通死後の政局は、太政大臣三条実美・右大臣岩倉具視を擁して参議である伊藤博文・大隈重信らが支える明治政府と自由民権運動の対峙で推移していたが、明治政府の中では大きな問題が存在していた。
- In the political situation after Toshimichi OKUBO died, the confrontation was going on between Meiji government with Grand Minister Sanetomi SANJO and Minister of the Right Tomomi IWAKURA as leaders, and Councilors Hirobumi ITO and Shigenobu OKUMA as supporters, and the members of Freedom and People's Rights Movement, but there was a big problem within the Meiji government.
- 列強間で通用している国際法を逆手に取ることで外交交渉を有利に運ぼうという意図からなされたもので、多分に理念よりも道具、華夷秩序を保持するためのツール、としての受容というニュアンスが強かった。
- It was conducted with the aim to carry out diplomatic negotiations advantageously by using in underhanded way international law which was valid among western countries and it had a nuance of acceptance as a tool for maintaining kaichitsujo rather than idealistic principle.
- 紀夏井が讃岐守の任期を終えて20余年後に、菅原道真が讃岐守として現地に赴任した際、讃岐国の百姓は紀夏井の善政を忘却しておらず、道真は紀夏井と何かと比較され国政運営で難渋したという逸話がある。
- After more than two decades passed since KI no Natsui had gone, SUGAWARA no Michizane was appointed Governor of Sanuki Province where its peasants remembered Natsui's good politics, and Michizane is said to have faced difficulties in running government affairs due to the people who wanted to contrast Michizane with Natsui in every aspect.
- 明治14年(1881年)、鳥取市の士族などによる「鳥取県再置運動」により因・伯2国を以って鳥取県が再置されたが、依然として島根とのつながりを重視する米子地方の人々は島根県への編入を求めていた。
- In 1881, by 'the movement to request to reconfigure the territory of Tottori prefecture' supported by shizoku (family or person with samurai ancestors) in Tottori city, Tottori Prefecture was reconfigured with Inaba Province and Houki Province, however people lived in Yonago district wished incorporation of the district into Shimane Prefecture because they considered the relationship with people in Shimane Prefecture was important.
- すでに大政奉還していた徳川慶喜の官職(内大臣)辞職および徳川家領の削封が決定され、倒幕運動の計画に沿った決議となったため、王政復古の大号令と合わせて「王政復古クーデター」と呼ばれることもある。
- Together with the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule, it is also called 'Coup of the Restoration of Imperial Rule' because the meeting accepted the resignation of Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, whose power had already been transferred back to the Emperor, as a government official (Minister of the Center) as well as reduced-stipend of Tokugawa Family, thus the resolution of the conference was made in accordance with the plot to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate.
- ただし、この時期においても愛知県春日井郡や石川県嶺北地方(現在は福井県)での反対闘争のように一揆の可能性を秘めながらも自由民権運動家などと連携して数年単位での合法的な反対闘争を続けた例もある。
- However, even in this period, some conflicts that took place in Kasugai County, Aichi Prefecture and Reihoku region, Ishikawa Prefecture (at present Fukui Prefecture), did have aspects of revolt but basically took a form of legal conflicts that lasted for several years in cooperation with those who were involved in Jiyu Minken Undo.
- これに対して政府は同年12月26日に保安条例を制定して活動家の弾圧を始める一方、翌1888年2月には大隈重信を第1次伊藤内閣の外務大臣 (日本)として入閣させて立憲改進党を運動から離脱させた。
- Against this movement, the government enacted hoan jorei (regulations for the preservation of law and order) to oppress those activists on December 26 of the same year, whereas Shigenobu OKUMA was appointed to the First Ito Cabinet as a Minister of Foreign Affairs in February, 1888 (the following year) to separate the Constitutional Progressive Party from the movement.
- しかし、家康のこともあり、おくれをとったとしても兄弟・身内やしかるべき譜代衆が討死でもしていればその甲斐あって運良く戦死を免れたと人々も不審には思わなかっただろうに、一人も死者をだしていない。
- Even if you fell behind because of Ieyasu, if your brothers or family, or one of your fudai had died on the battle field, people would not have doubted you since you luckily scapegoated the dead, but nobody died.
- 文明開化の時代にあって、従来の荒唐無稽な歌舞伎への反省から歌舞伎の革新を志し、明治10年代には学術関係者や文化人と組んで時代考証を重視した劇(「活歴」と呼ばれた)に取り組んだ(演劇改良運動)。
- In the age of the civilization and enlightenment, from the review of the traditional nonsensical Kabuki, Danjuro, intended to reform it, tackling dramas based on historical backgrounds (called Katsureki) together with people of learning and culture (Theatrical performance movement) in the second decade of the Meiji era.
- 明治6年(1873年)2月には磐前県第14区(のちの福島県常葉町・現田村市)副戸長に任命されるが、この頃ジョン・スチュアート・ミルの『自由乃理』(中村正直の訳)を読み、自由民権運動に開眼する。
- In February, 1873, he was appointed as a vice-mayor of the fourteenth ward in Iwasaki Prefecture (later Tokiwa-machi, Fukushima Prefecture, now Tamura City), but he read 'Liberty' by John Stuart Mill (translated by Masanao NAKAMURA), and this opened his eyes to Jiyu Minken Undo.
- しかし、最後の得宗北条高時の子北条時行が中先代の乱を起こして鎌倉を占拠したのに対し、天皇に無断で鎌倉に下って乱を平定したのを機に、建武政権から離反して再び武家政権を樹立する運動を開始している。
- However, after they went down to Kamakura to suppress the war without the Emperor's permission when Tokiyuki HOJO, the son of the last Tokuso (the patrimonial head of the main branch of the Hojo clan), Takatoki HOJO started the Nakasendai War and occupied Kamakura, they broke away from the Kenmu government and started the movement to establish the samurai government again.
- 土方歳三や島田魁ら数名の新選組隊士らと共に、大鳥圭介ら旧幕府軍と合流して宇都宮の戦い・日光口の戦い・会津戦争に転戦(中島は、会津戦争で重傷を負った彰義隊隊士大島清慎を救護所まで運んだと言う)。
- He was incorporated in the former Edo bakufu army (the army of Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), together with several Shinsengumi members, such as Toshizo HIJIKATA and Kai SHIMADA, and fought in a series of battles, from the Battle of Utsunomiya and Battle of Nikkoguchi to the Aizu War (it is said that Nakajima carried Seishin OSHIMA, a member of Shogitai (a group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the Battle of Ueno) who was seriously injured in the Aizu War, to an aid station).
- 後南朝(ごなんちょう)とは、1392年(元中9年/明徳3年)の南北朝合一後、南朝 (日本)の再建を図った南朝の皇統の子孫や遺臣による南朝復興運動とそれによって樹立された政権、皇室の総称である。
- Gonancho (Second Southern Court) is a general term that refers to descendants of the Southern dynasty (Japan) lineage and their former retainers and their attempts to revive the Southern Court after the two Courts were unified in 1392, and to the political administrations and the members of the Imperial household who were involved.
- 内容面で言うと、読本の形式をとり、場面場面ではなく話の運びや、登場人物の人間性に重点をおいたものにしたこと、読者の想定を知識層におき、思想や歴史観、作中での議論を盛り込んだことなどがあげられる。
- As for the contents, it takes the form of yomihon without focusing on each scene but on the development of the plot and the human nature of the character; and it targets intellectuals, incorporating his ideas, view of history and arguments in the work.
- パリ留学で自由思想を学んだ西園寺は自由民権運動に傾倒し、明治14年(1881年)3月18日には、自由党結党に向けて創刊された『東洋自由新聞』の社長となり、中江兆民、松田正久らと共に発行に携わる。
- Saionji, who learned liberalism while he studied in Paris, became committed to Democratic Rights Movement, and on March 18, 1881, he became the president of 'Toyo Jiyu Shinbun' journal company, which was founded with the goal of establishing the Liberal Party, and he became involved in its publications along with Chomin NAKAE and Masahisa MATSUDA.
- 国会開設運動の高まりに伴い、憲法の必要性が認識されるようになり、1880年11月の国会期成同盟第2回大会で、翌年に憲法草案を持参することを決議したため、翌1881年に多数の私擬憲法がつくられた。
- With the growing demand for the establishment of the National Diet, the need for a constitution began to be recognized, and in response to the decision made in the second Kokkai Kisei Domei (League for Founding a national Assembly) in November 1880 to assemble draft constitutions the next year, many Shigi Kenpo were created in the following year, 1881.
- だが、自由民権運動の弾圧、松方財政による深刻なデフレーションの状況下でのこの欧化の動きは国内的には「貴族主義的」あるいは「上からの欧化」と見られてやがて左右の反政府派の攻撃の格好の標的となった。
- At the same time, this movement of Europeanization later made a fat target for attacks by right and left wings of an antigovernment party as it was domestically considered as 'aristocratic-ism' or 'Europeanization from above,' under the oppression of Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right) and under the circumstance of the serious deflation caused by the Matsukata Finance.
- 蜷川府政の下、山間部や日本海側の開発は急激に進んだのだが、都心部では住民の開発反対運動の意向を蜷川が気にしたため(蜷川の支持母体は都市部の住民団体が多かった)、あまり手をつける事ができなかった。
- Under the Ninagawa administration, mountainous regions and the Japan Sea side area were developed drastically; in contrast, the inner city area was mostly left untouched due to Ninagawa's intention to respect sentiment among urban residents who drove campaigns against development (Ninagawa's power base included many residents' groups in the urban districts).
- 石山合戦の際に討伐に4年もかかった件については相手に鉄砲が多く力攻めが無理であり調略のきかない本願寺勢であること、海上封鎖ができず海から本願寺に兵糧を運びこめたことを考えれば致し方ないといえる。
- The four years it took for subjugation in the Ishiyama War was never too long when we consider that a forcible attack could not be carried out because the enemy owned many guns, that stratagems were ineffective on the army of Hongan-ji Temple, and that the enemy could carry army provisions into Hongan-ji Temple from the sea, which could not be blockaded.
- また後年、井上馨の条約改正案に反対していた井上がギュスターヴ・エミール・ボアソナードによる反対意見書を各方面の反対派に伝えて条約改正反対運動を煽ったために第1次伊藤内閣そのものが危機に晒される。
- In addition, afterwards, because Inoue, who had opposed Kaoru INOUE's bill to revise the treaty, conveyed Gustave Emile Boissonade's minority report to opponents from various quarters and fueled the movement against the treaty revision, the First Ito Cabinet itself fell into a crisis situation.
- 葛井氏ゆかりの葛井寺がある大阪府藤井寺市では、同時期の葛井氏に「○成」という名が多く見られることを論拠として、井真成を「葛井真成」と呼び「せめて墓誌の形ででも'里帰り'を」と求める運動が起きた。
- In Fujiidera City, Osaka Prefecture where there is the Fujii-dera Temple associated with the Fujii clan, the campaign was launched to ask to pronounce Shinsei SEI as 'Shinsei FUJII' and letting him return home at least in the form of the epitaph based on the evidence that many first names using 'sei (成)' can be seen in the Fujii clan around the same period.
- 江戸時代における藩の経済は表向きは兵農分離と石高制の原則に基づいた自給自足的な体制(藩アウタルキー)によって運営されていたが、実際の幕藩体制において、全ての物資を自給自足可能な藩は存在しなかった。
- Even though the economy of a domain during the Edo period was ostensibly operated by subsistence economy system (the Han Autarkies) which was based on the principle of heinobunri (separation of the warrior class from the soil) and the Kokudaka system (tax system based on rice), it was impossible for any domains to be self-sufficient in all supplies.
- 『鑁阿寺樺崎縁起并仏事次第』に見える、樺崎寺安置の厨子に建久4年(1193年)銘のあった大日如来像に当たるもので、その作風やX線写真によって知られる像内納入品の状況から運慶作品と推定する説がある。
- This statue would be the Dainichi Nyorai statue that is mentioned in an inscription on the miniature shrine at Kabasaki-dera Temple in 1193 recorded in 'Banna-ji Kabasaki Engi Narabi ni Butsuji Shidai' (History and Order of Buddhist Services at the Banna-ji Temple in Kabasaki), and there is a theory that this statue was carved by Unkei based on its style and items stored in the statue revealed by X-ray photographs.
- ここで論壇に登場した女性解放思想家山川菊栄は、保護(平塚)か経済的自立(与謝野)かの対立に、婦人運動の歴史的文脈を明らかにし、差別のない社会でしか婦人の解放はありえないと社会主義の立場で整理した。
- Here a women's liberation activist Kikue YAMAKAWA participated in this dispute of protection (Hiratsuka) versus financial independence (Yosano) by clarifying the historical context of feminist movement and arguing logically from a socialist viewpoint that women's liberation could be achieved only in a society without discrimination.
- 辞退の真因に関しては各説あるが、近衛が親近感をもっていた大日本帝国陸軍皇道派の勢力が相沢事件とそれに続く二・二六事件により失墜していたことから、政権運営の困難を感じていたのではないかとの説がある。
- There are various theories about the true reasons for his refusal, but according to one theory, he might have realized that the government would be difficult to handle following the defeat of the Army's ultranationalist Kodaha (Imperial Way) faction in the Aizawa Incident and the February 26 Incident that followed it.
- 1825年(文政8年)、イギリスのストックトン - ダーリントン間で蒸気機関車を用いた貨物鉄道の運行が開始され、1830年(文政13年)にはリヴァプール - マンチェスター間に旅客鉄道も開業する。
- In Britain, operation of the steam locomotive railway for freight transport was started between Stockton and Darlington in 1825, and in 1830, passenger railway service was also started between Liverpool and Manchester.
- 大久保主導政府の急進的な改革に対する不満が、全国で顕在化し、佐賀の乱はじめ各地で士族の反乱、鹿児島県においては私学校党による県政の壟断を招き、また板垣らは愛国公党を結成して自由民権運動を始動した。
- Discontent with the radical reforms made by the Okubo government manifested itself all over the country: the Saga War broke out and warriors rose in revolt across the country; in Kagoshima Prefecture, the Shigakko (school mainly for warriors) party controlled the municipal government as they pleased; and Itagaki and his colleagues formed the Aikokukoto party to initiate the Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Rights).
- 第二に、『自由民権運動』の看板を掲げながら、思想よりはむしろ感情で行動する失業士族の多い当時の日本の国情を踏まえれば、『政党政治の早期断行には「小党分立による国政の迷走」というリスクが伴う』こと。
- Secondly, 'the premature implementation of party government would involve a risk of 'political confusion caused by divisions between small parties,'' if Japan's then situation, in which many unemployed warriors took emotional rather than ideological action under the banner of 'the Movement for Liberty and People's Rights,' were taken into account.
- だが、翌年黒田が行った「超然主義演説」や山縣有朋らの反対、条約改正を巡る井上自身と黒田との対立もあって運動は低調となり、1889年夏には事実上計画は中止され、『自治新報』も1890年に廃刊された。
- However, the movement cooled down due to 'the doctrine of superiority' of Kuroda, the opposition of Aritomo YAMAGATA, as well as the conflict between Inoue and Kuroda regarding the treaty revision, and the plan was abolished in the summer of 1889 while 'Jichisei Shinpo' discontinued publication in 1890.
- そうした国際法を肯定的に捉える受容は、 洋務運動時期にはまだ少数であったが、それは中国を唯我独尊的な存在と自認する中華思想とそれに基づく華夷秩序が動揺し、変化させられていく契機の一つだったといえる。
- This positive acceptance of international law was not shared by large numbers of people at the time of yomu undo but it was a chance that Kaichitsujo based on Sinocentrism, in which China maintained self-centered attitude was unsettled and changed.
- そして、この流れを受け継いだ大正時代には、学会誌「建築雑誌」や各種新聞雑誌の類などを行い、この運動は昭和初期まで続くこととなり民俗学において、民家研究や民族宗教研究といった研究分野での進展がなかった。
- Therefore, following the trend during the Taisho period and academic journal 'Architecture Journal' and similar journals published this movement which continued until the early Showa period, with regard to folklore there has been no progress in the study of folk dwelling, religion and related fields.
- 今日では世直しを求める側面や一揆の動機・目的・要求などに大きな差があること、全てが一揆の形態ではなく、自由民権運動との連携を通じた署名・意見書などの提出による合法的な反対闘争の存在などが分かっている。
- Recent studies show that some revolts had aspects of social reform; motives, purposes and requirements of the revolts varied; and some of them did not take a form of revolt but a form of legal conflict, such as submitting signatures and written opinions in cooperation with Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).
- 大浜騒動(おおはまそうどう)は、明治4年(1871年)に三河国碧海郡南部の鷲塚(現在の愛知県碧南市)で起こった暴動で廃仏毀釈に反対する運動の一つであるが計画的なものでは無く偶発的に起こったものである。
- Ohama Riot was the riot in Washizuka, Aomi County, Mikawa Province (currently Hekinan City, Aichi Prefecture) in 1871, although it was one of the protest movements against Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism), it was an undesigned and incidental riot.
- 更に都市部を中心とした商工業者は地租よりも営業税 (日本)などの方が収益に対する税負担の割合が高いにも関わらず、民党が地租軽減ばかりを唱えることに不満を抱き、財政革新会などを通して独自の運動を起こした。
- Furthermore, business and industrial men around urban areas were frustrated by assertions of Minto calling only for the reduction in the land tax despite the fact that the fraction of business tax (Japan) on profits was higher than that for land tax, and established their own movement through Zaiseikakushin kai (conference on reform of financial affairs) and others.
- 小荷駄(こにだ)とは、中世から近世にかけての日本において、戦争のために必要な兵糧や弾薬、陣地設営道具などを運ぶための駄賃馬稼(もしくはウシ)・車輌、及びそれを率いる部隊「小荷駄隊(こにだたい)」のこと。
- Konida refers to dachin umakasegi (a job of carrying by daba, packhorse or cow) or vehicles that carry army provisions, ammunition, set-up tools for encampment and so on needed for wars from the medieval period to modern times in Japan, or a troop that directed the above things, also referred to as konidatai.
- 明治6年(1873年)12月の朝鮮国で排外論を唱える大院君の引退、明治7年(1874年)4月の訓導・安東晙の刑死を受けて、同年5月に再び朝鮮国へ派遣され、訓導玄昔運などと日朝新関係成立について協議した。
- Following the retirement of Daewongun (a title of biological father of King in Yi Dynasty Korea, who is not previous king) in December, 1873, who had advocated seclusion policy, and the death by execution of Kundo Dong-Jun AHN in April, 1874, Moriyama was sent to Korea again in May, 1874 and discussed with Kundo Seog-un HYEON about establishing new relationship between Japan and Korea.
- その後も源氏一門として遇され、文治元年(1185年)9月3日 (旧暦)、頼朝が父義朝の遺骨を勝長寿院に埋葬した際、遺骨を運ぶ輿を頼隆と平賀義信が運び、頼隆・義信・大内惟義のみを御堂の中に参列させている。
- When Yoritomo buried the cremains of his father Yoshitomo at Shochoju-in Temple on October 5, 1185, Yoritaka and Yoshinobu HIRAGA carried the palanquin for the cremains and only Yoritaka, Yoshinobu and Koreyoshi OUCHI were allowed to enter the temple, suggesting that Yoritomo continued to take care of Yoritaka very well as a member of the Minamoto clan.
- これにより足利尊氏は逆賊であり南朝側の楠木正成や新田義貞などは忠臣として美化され(徳川将軍家は新田氏の末裔を称していた)、これがのちに水戸学として幕末の尊王攘夷運動、さらに太平洋戦争前の皇国史観へと至る。
- Consequently, Takauji ASHIKAGA was regarded as a rebel, while Masashige KUSUNOKI, Yoshisada NITTA and others on the side of the Southern Court were idealized as loyal vassals (the Tokugawa shogunate family claimed that it had descended from the Nitta clan), with this continuing up through the Mitogaku, which led to sonno joi (revere the emperor; expel the barbarian) at the end of the Edo period, and koukoku-shikan (emperor-centered historiography) before the Pacific War.
- 株仲間の奨励策による運上金・冥加金の徴収、町人資本による印旛沼・手賀沼の干拓事業を行ういっぽう、長崎貿易の推奨(特に俵物など輸出商品の増産)など、積極的に改革を推し進め、幕府財政を立て直すことに成功した。
- He aggressively pushed forward his reforms, such as collecting business taxes and forced contribution in exchange for promoting 'kabu nakama,' doing reclamation works of Inba-numa Lake and Tega-numa Lake with merchants' funds, and promoting trade with foreign countries at Nagasaki - particularly through production increase of goods for export, including 'tawara mono' (goods in straw bags), thereby succeeding in reconstruction of bakufu finance.
- 1889年の大同団結運動分裂の際に成立した大同倶楽部が「財政を整理し、民力の休養を謀ること」を綱領に掲げて以後、対立した大同協和会(後の立憲自由党)、更に立憲改進党を巻き込んで民党勢力共通の公約となった。
- Since the political party called 'Daido Kurabu' (Great Club) formed when Great Merger Movement disbanded in 1889 advocated 'reconstructing finance and aiming for rest for laborers,' it became a policy pledge that was shared by Minto, involving confronting Daido Kyowa Kai (later Constitutional Liberal Party) and the Constitutional Progressive Party.
- その理由としては、まず西欧列強に都合の良い運用(外圧正当化)がされたことによって、『万国公法』への根強い不信感が中国側に植え付けられ、その心理的抵抗からスムーズな受容がなされなかったという点が挙げられる。
- As Western countries had been using 'Bankoku Koho' for their profits, people in China had strong distrust in 'Bankoku Koho' and this psychological resistance among people made smooth acceptance of 'Bankoku Koho' impossible.
- 河野は先例を破って、奉答文中に「今ヤ国運ノ興隆洵々ニ千載ノ一遇ナルニ当リテ、閣臣ノ施設之ニ伴ハス内政ハ弥縫ヲ事トシ、外交ハ機宜ヲ失シ」その他を綴って内閣を弾劾し、国民の意思を明治天皇の耳にいれようと謀った。
- KONO broke with the precedent and added words such as, 'Now the national prosperity meets a chance in a million, but the Cabinet doesn't follow this and the internal administration takes a stopgap policy so that we lose the chance in diplomacy' into Hotobun and impeached the Cabinet, so that he could let the Meiji emperor know of people's voice.
- 第十二条 東京都の区域により行う都市計画事業については、東京都が国の首都であることにかんがみて必要と認めるときは、建設省、運輸省その他その事業の内容である事項を主管する行政官庁がこれを執行することができる。
- Article 12: Concerning the city planning activities enforced depending on the area of Tokyo Metropolis, related administrative ministries such as the Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Transport and others can execute those activities, if they are recognized to be necessary, based on Tokyo being considered to be the Capital of Japan.
- 維新後は政府の要職を歴任したほか、自由民権運動や実業界への転身に見られるように活動に一貫性がなく、また「坂本龍馬」という英雄の影に隠れてしまっている事もあって、維新の元勲の中では知名度も低く評価も高くはない。
- After Meiji Restoration, Goto held important positions of the government, but he had a low profile and was underestimated compared to other statesmen who had contributed to Meiji Restoration because having left the government to join the Freedom and People's Rights Movement and entered business world made his political attitude look inconsistent, and the existence of the hero 'Ryoma SAKAMOTO' was so prominent that he was little known at the time.
- 平安時代以後、朝廷のおける儀式化が進み、朝廷における節会や除目などの四季折々に行われる年中行事の運営が朝廷における政務の主たる部分を占めるようになっていき、それに、陣定などの評定や訴訟が組み合わせられていった。
- After the Heian period, as ritualization's growing in the Imperial Court, the management of annual events that took place in every season such as Sechie (seasonal court banquets) and jimoku (appointment ceremonies) began to occupy the most of the government affairs, at the same time, consultation such as Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council) and suit began to be integrated into it.
- 幼少期、近所に使いで水瓶(豆腐と言う説もある)を持って歩いている時に、物陰に隠れていた悪童に驚かされた時、西郷は水瓶を地面に置いた上で、心底、驚いた表現をして、その後何事も無かったかのように水瓶を運んで行った。
- There was one time, when he was little, that he was walking with a water bottle (another theory has it that it was a soybean curd) and a mischevious boy surprised him from a hiding place, and Saigo, terrified and dropped the water bottle on the ground, but then thereafter he picked up the water bottle as if nothing had happened.
- また、文化面でも「改良」運動が官民ぐるみで盛んになり、1883年に矢田部良吉・外山正一による「羅馬字会」や同じく渋沢栄一・森有礼による「演劇改良会」が結成され、また欧米を真似て学会を創設する動きも盛んになった。
- Additionally, concerning a cultural aspect, activities of 'improvement' were actively addressed by the government and the people in harmony, and the 'Romaji Club' (supporting the use of Romaji [Roman alphabet]) by Ryokichi YATABE and Masakazu TOYAMA, and the 'Engeki Kairyo Kai' (Society for Theatre Reform) by Eichi SHIBUSAWA and Arinori MORI were set up in 1883, and another thing, a movement for creating academic societies became popular to imitate Europe and America.
- 晩年の彼が特別に目をかけた嫡孫藤原公成は、生前の官位こそ中納言どまりであったが、死後、娘藤原茂子(藤原能信養女)が生んだ皇子が白河天皇となったことで一族の運を開き、祖父が成し遂げなかった事業を意外にも完成した。
- Kinsue's legitimate grandchild FUJIWARA no Kinnari, who was particularly favored by Kinsue in his last years, was promoted only up to Chu-nagon (Middle Counselor) while Kinsue was alive, but after his death, Kinnari's daughter FUJIWARA no Moshi (adopted daughter of FUJIWARA no Yoshinobu) gave birth to a prince who later became Emperor Shirakawa; this event brought luck to the clan, resulting in unexpected completion of the plan that Kinnari's grandfather, Kinsue, could not complete.
- こう考えると、折檻状の内容では追放の理由としては弱く、また、信盛自身に謀反の兆候があった証拠もないから、信長がそのような評価を下したとすれば信盛の運がなかった、あるいは信長の内心に理由があったという見方もある。
- After considering these points, the contents of the letter of chastisement are weak as a basis for Nobumori's banishment, and there is no evidence to show Nobumori was planning a rebellion, so Nobunaga's negative evaluation of Nobumori was just Nobumori's bad luck, or from another viewpoint, it was Nobunaga's will.
- 政務における公事の一環としての年中行事が整備されてきたのと同じ平安時代中期には、租庸調・雑徭を基本とする律令制の租税体系が解体したため、公事を含めた朝廷の運営費用は諸国の国司である受領が負担を請負う図式となった。
- In the mid Heian period when annual events became organized as a part of kuji in the political affairs, the taxation system of the ritsuryo system fell apart, so the management cost of the Imperial Court including kuji became to be borne by zuryo (provincial governor) who were kokushi.
- 高島鞆之助の言では西郷は大島潜居の頃から肥満になったとしているが、おそらく沖永良部島流罪当時は痩せこけて死にそうになっていたというから、沖永良部在島後半期に座敷牢にいて運動不足から肥満し始めたというのが真相だろう。
- According to Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA, Saigo was overweight because he lost a lot of weight when he took refuge at Oshima, and almost died en route to Oki-no-erabujima island, so the truth might be that he started to gain weight when he was in zashikiro because of lack of exercise at the latter end of his stay on Oki-no-erabujima island.
- これに対して自由民権運動の担い手であった立憲自由党・立憲改進党側は彼らを非難する意味を込めて「吏党」と呼んだのが始まりとされている(なお、幸徳秋水はこの言葉を用いた最初の人物は中江兆民であるとする説を唱えている)。
- In response, the Rikken Jiyuto (Constitutional Liberal Party) and the Rikken Kaishinto (Constitutional Progressive Party, who handled the Jiyu Minken Undo, began calling them the 'Rito' in disapproval (Shusui KOTOKU pointed at Chomin NAKAE as being the person to coin the phrase.)
- 平成11年(1999年)には中平まみ著『ブラックシープ 映画監督「中平康」伝』(ワイズ出版)刊行記念「中平康レトロスペクティヴ」と題して映画8作品が渋谷ユーロスペース他、全国で上映され、一気に再評価の気運が高まる。
- In 1999 his eight films were screened in various places in Japan including Shibuya Eurospace under the title of 'Ko NAKAHIRA Retrospective,' when 'Biography of a Black Sheep Film Director 'Ko NAKAHIRA'' written by Mami NAKAHIRA was published (Wise Publishing, Inc), which immediately led to the momentum for reevaluation.
- 荘園は所有者が直接経営に携わる場合もあったが、所有者に雇われた管理者が直接耕作者である佃戸及び奴隷を監督して生産物や金銭などの形式で租税や小作料を徴収して管理し、時には相場を利用して運用を図り差額を儲ける者もいた。
- Sometimes the owners were directly involved with the management of shoens, but the managers who were hired by the owners supervised denko (tenant farmers) or slaves, collected the land tax or farm rent in the form of products or money from them and at times gained the amount of difference by investment using the market price.
- 更に国司・目代・在庁官人によって運営されている国衙機構においても国司の館の警固や国分寺・一宮の修繕などを自己の管轄下にあった国衙領に負担を求めるようになり、荘園と同様に検注が行われて在家役として「公事」が課役された。
- Moreover, even in the structure of kokuga managed by kokushi, mokudai (deputy) and Zaichokanjin (the local officials in Heian and Kamakura periods), they began to ask Kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) under their control to bear the load of guard of kokushi's residence or repair of Kokubun-ji Temple or Ichinomiya, thus a land survey was carried on as in shoen to impose kuji as zaikeyaku.
- 相論の対象となる集団からそれぞれ代表者を指名し、代表者は精進潔斎の上に立会いの役人らの前で掌に牛王宝印を広げ、その上に灼熱した鉄を乗せて、それを素手で持ち運びその完遂の度合いによって所属集団の主張の当否が判断された。
- Representatives who were selected from each of the disputing groups, after purifying themselves by abstaining from eating meat, spread Gohoins (talisman) on their palms, held red-hot iron onto them and carried the iron with their bare hands in front of presenting government officials, then validity of the claims from their belonging groups was determined according to the degree of their accomplishment.
- 幕政の改革は、鎖国体制から開国への移行に伴う尊王攘夷運動の激化、将軍継嗣問題を巡る一橋派・南紀派の対立などの政治的混乱の中で、薩摩藩主・島津斉彬や越前藩主松平慶永ら、開明的な大名らの間ではつとに必要性を叫ばれていた。
- In the midst of the political turmoil including an intensification of the Sonno Joi movement (the movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) caused by the change from the national isolation to the opening of the country to the world as well as the dispute over shogun's successor between the Hitotsubashi group (which supported Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA) and the Nanki group (which supported Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA), the enlightened and farsighted daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) had been advocating the necessity of the political reform of the bakufu.
- 慶長4年(1599年)、大坂城西の丸を退去し(西の丸には徳川家康が入っている)古くから仕えてきた孝蔵主らとともに京都新城(現在仙洞御所がある場所)へ移り、朝廷との交渉や豊国神社や方広寺の運営・供養などの任にあたった。
- In 1599, she retreated from Nishi no maru in Osaka Castle (Ieyasu TOKUGAWA moved in Nishi no maru), and moved to Kyoto shinjo (present-day Sento Imperial Palace) with Kozosu who had served her for long time. Then she served to carry out negotiations with the imperial court and to manage and hold memorial services of Toyokuni-jinja Shrine and Hoko-ji Temple.
- またこの時期に相次いで起こった自然災害、すなわち元禄地震、東海・南海・東南海連動型地震および宝永の大噴火被害による幕府の財政逼迫も、銭座からの運上による利益を目的とする大銭すなわち寳永通寳鋳造に至らしめた一因といえる。
- The financial crisis of bakufu caused by natural disasters occurred one after another in this period such as Genroku Earthquake and Tokai, Nankai, Tonankai Consolidated Type Earthquake as well as damage by great eruption (of Mt.Fuji) in Hoei era was one of the reasons for minting ozeni (type of coin), or kaneitsukan, to make profit from zeniza.
- 文明 (日本)5年(1473年)、応仁の乱の東西両軍の総帥山名宗全と細川勝元が相次いで没し、足利義尚の将軍職就任が実現すると、和睦の気運が高まり、翌文明6年(1474年)4月に山名政豊と細川政元との間で和議が成立した。
- In 1473, the leaders of Eastern and Western Camps in the Onin War, Sozen YAMANA and Katsujmoto HOSOKAWA died in succession and Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA assumed the post of Shogun, wishing for peace to become stronger and the next year, in April 1474, peace was concluded between Masatoyo YAMANA and Masamoto HOSOKAWA.
- 取箇帳・郷帳に掲載された租税に加えて、年々増減のある運上・分一類や高掛物・付加税・諸物払代・拝借返納金などの各納物や村々に渡すべき金品など、当年の出納に関わる全てを記載し、地方勘定帳に記載しないものに関しては外記に記す。
- Together with taxes recorded in other registers, these documents formed the basis for clucking increases/decreases in tax burden each year, transfers of payment in money or kind and additional tax payments required of villages etc as well as receipts and expenditure for that year and other sums not recorded as part of these tabulations were recorded as sundry items.
- 帝国主義に関する点で、義和団はキリスト教集団(宣教師や中国人クリスチャン)との対立の中で彼等の持つ様々な特権(行政上あるいは司法上)に直面して、それらが帝国主義に由来することに自覚的となり反対運動を行ったと前者は論じる。
- The former argued that while the Boxers were resisting Christian groups (missionaries and Chinese Christians) they saw their various privileges (administration or justice) firsthand, became aware that they were derived from the empire doctrine, and started the opposition movement.
- そこで明治17年(1884年)、千葉県側の治水対策に不満を抱く茨城県と房総半島選出の県議達が連携して利根川以北の千葉県域を茨城県に譲る替わりに利根川の治水工事に茨城県が費用を負担するとした県境変更運動を開始したのである。
- Therefore, in 1884, the members of the prefectural assembly of Ibaraki Prefecture who were dissatisfied with the measures for flood control of the Chiba Prefecture side and those elected in the Boso Peninsula of Chiba Prefecture cooperated to launch the campaign for changing the prefectural border in which, in exchange for offering the region of Chiba Prefecture on the northern side of the Tone-gawa River to Ibaraki Prefecture, Ibaraki Prefecture should pay some of the expenses of the construction for flood control of the Tone-gawa River.
- この運営方針が当たった事と高度成長が重なった事で、税金が豊かに集まり、革新自治体の割には財政不振に苦しむ事がほとんどなかった(1956年に山城大水害の影響で一度財政再建団体に転落したが、1962年に自力で立ち直っている。
- As his operation policies worked and the nation concurrently experienced the high economic growth, the prefecture had ample tax revenues and hardly ever faced financial difficulties although it was a reformist local government (It fell to a fiscal reconstruction organization once due to a catastrophic flood in Yamashiro in 1956, but revived itself in 1962.
- 同3年に長岡京、同12年に平安京のそれぞれ造営の相地役を務め、また光仁天皇、高野新笠、藤原旅子、藤原乙牟漏といった桓武天皇近親者の葬儀、喪事にも大きな役割を果たすなど、桓武天皇の政権運営に当たって貢献するところ大であった。
- He served as 相地役 of each construction for Nagaoka-kyo (the ancient capital of Nagaoka) in 784 and Heian-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Kyoto) in 793 and made a significant contribution to governmental management of Emperor Kanmu, for example, having taken a large role in funeral ceremonies and mourning events of close blood relatives of Emperor Kanmu, such as Emperor Konin, TAKANO no Niigasa, FUJIWARA no Tabiko and FUJIWARA no Otomuro.
- 6月1日までに江戸に戻った荒木は、将軍徳川綱吉や老中若年寄らに収城の報告をおこない、大石から浅野家再興の嘆願に希望があったことも伝えたものの、結局、浅野長広は本家広島藩へお預けとなり、大石内蔵助の浅野家再興運動は挫折した。
- Araki returned to Edo no later than July 6, and reported the inspection to Shogun Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, roju and wakadoshiyori (lower-ranking members of the cabinet), and also he told them about Oishi's desire to restore the Asano family, but nevertheless, Nagahiro ASANO ended up being left to his head family Hiroshima clan, and this is how Kuranosuke OISHI's activity for the restoration of the Asano family was failed.
- その後も義昭は征夷大将軍職を解任されていない事を盾に各地で幕府再建運動を行うが、信長、そして豊臣秀吉による新秩序形成の勢いを前には全くの無力であり、義昭の京都追放の時点をもって室町幕府および室町時代の終期と看做されている。
- Thereafter, using the fact that Yoshiaki had never officially been dismissed from the post of Seii taishogun as a pretext, movements did arise in various provinces to restore the bakufu to power, but against the momentum of the new governmental structure created by Nobunaga and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, such efforts were entirely fruitless, and so the Muromachi bakufu--and the Muromachi period itself--is considered to have ended at the point Yoshiaki was driven from Kyoto.
- 7月、レンジャー養成訓練中だった青森駐屯第5普通科連隊の訓練生15人、教官ら8人の計23人が、八甲田温泉近くの田代平牧場入口付近のくぼ地で相次いでガス中毒様の症状で倒れ、12人が病院に運ばれ内3名が死亡する惨事が起きている。
- In July, 15 trainees and 8 instructors, 23 in total, of the fifth Infantry Regiment of Aomori post fell on a low-lying depression at the entrance of Tashirodaira farm near Hakkoda hot spring with gas poisoning-like symptoms during the training of rangers, and 12 of them were carried to hospital, of whom 3 died.
- 1872年(明治5年)5月7日 (旧暦)(当時は旧暦の天保暦を使用。日本で翌年から使用を開始した西洋暦ことグレゴリオ暦では、6月12日となる)に品川駅~横浜駅(現在の桜木町駅)間で、仮開業という形で2往復の列車が運行された。
- On June 12, 1872, the train ran two round trips between Shinagawa Station and Yokohama Station (Sakuragicho Station at the present) as tentative operation for opening.
- さて、この木曜会及び清交会は、元々男爵議員が集まって構成されていた会派であったが、1919年に入って、各会派に散らばっていた男爵議員による統一会派結成運動が起きると、「無所属」の男爵議員もこれに呼応して合流、公正会を結成した。
- The Mokuyo-kai and the Seiko-kai were factions which comprised of baronial members of an assembly; however, as those in each faction created a movement for forming a unity faction in 1919, baronial members in the 'Independents' also participated and formed the Kousei-kai.
- 行商は、客の注文を受けて運搬して行く配達とは違い、顧客のいそうな地域を商品を輸送しながら販売する方法で、広義には定期的に開催される市場を巡って物品を販売する様式や羅宇屋、包丁・はさみ研、靴磨き等サービスを提供する様式も含まれる。
- Unlike deliveries of products after receiving customers' orders, peddling is a sales method to sell products while transferring them and looking for customers in the areas where there seems to be customers, which includes, in a broad sense, the sales form to travel around the markets held regularly to sell goods and the form to provide the services such as Rau-ya, sharpening knives or scissors, and shoe shining.
- しかし実際には自身が病弱である事、重度の吃音である事、実家の母から過大な期待を寄せられている事、同寺が観光客の参観料で運営されており、僧侶よりも事務職の方が幅を利かせるなどの現実から、厭世感情からくる複雑な感情が入り乱れていた。
- However, the truth was that it was much more complicated because HAYASHI was pessimistic towards life, based on him being rather sickly with serious dysphemia, while his mother had placed extremely high hopes on him.
- 新政府軍が江戸を占領すると、徳川家に対する政府の処置を不満とする榎本武揚ら抗戦派の旧幕臣に率いられ、開陽丸、回天丸、蟠竜丸、千代田形丸は、遊撃隊など陸軍兵を乗せた運送船4隻(咸臨丸・長鯨丸・神速丸・美賀保丸)を加えて品川沖を脱走。
- When the new government army occupied Edo, Kaiyo Maru Warship, Kaitenmaru Warship, Banryu Maru, Chiyodagatamaru led by the former retainers of the resistance force who were dissatisfied with the treatment of the Tokugawa family by the new government, including Takeaki ENOMOTO and other four transport ships (Kanrin Maru, Chogei Maru, Shinsoku Maru, Mikaho Maru) (the first Japanese ship ever to cross the Pacific) which accommodated the soldiers of rikugun (army) including commando unit escaped Shinagawa oki (coast).
- 広く動乱の時代が生んだ悲劇を描き、単に恋人を失った「世の常」の悲哀とは等価ならざる痛切な心情が託された彼女の家集は、同じような運命をたどった人々の強い共感を呼び、太平洋戦争中、愛する者の出征を見送った女性たちの間で愛読されたという。
- Her poetry collection, which describes the tragedies born in a time of general upheaval, leaves a poignancy different from the 'ordinary' sorrow caused by simply losing one's lover, evoking strong sympathies from people who had a similar fate, and it is said that during the Pacific War, it was popular among women who saw someone they loved sent off to the front.
- 自由民権運動の流れを汲みこの動きを評価する人々は、1905年に国民倶楽部を結成して「内に立憲主義、外に帝国主義」という標語を掲げて、普通選挙を行って正しい国民の声を政治に反映させることが国家の自主・独立の確立に必要であると主張した。
- The people who valued the movement following the Freedom and People's Rights Movement united the National Club in 1905 and set a slogan which said 'Constitutionalism internally, and imperialism externally', then advocated that it was necessary for the national independence to reflect the right people's voice in politics with a popular election.
- このほか、天津同文書院(のちの天津中日学院)・漢口同文書院(のちの江漢中学校)・東亜工業学院(「敵性資産」を引き継いだ、中国人学生のための高等教育機関)・華北高等工業学校(1943年設立)・北京興亜学院(1943年引継)を運営した。
- It also administrated Tenshin Dobun Shoin (later a Sino-Japanese School in Tianjin), Kanko Dobun Shoin (later Kokan Junior High School), Toa Engineering School (a higher education institution for Chinese students that succeeded to 'Enemy Property'), Kahoku Engineering High School (founded in 1943), and Beijin Koa School (succeeded in 1943).
- 藤原道長は藤原兼家の5男に過ぎなかったが、持ち前の強運と政治力によって内覧と一上の地位を兼ねて20年以上にわたって太政官を統率した後に摂政、次いで太政大臣となり、3代の天皇の后妃の父及び2代の天皇の外祖父として摂関政治の全盛期を築いた。
- FUJIWARA no Michinaga was the fifth son of FUJIWARA no Kaneie but using his inherited luck and political power, after being in both Nairan (private inspection) and Ichinokami (the ranking Council Member), he assumed leadership as Daijokan (Grand Council of State) for more than 20 years, then became a Sessho and Daijo-daijin; he led to the heyday of Regency as the father of three Empresses and maternal grandfather of two Emperors.
- 工期途中で視察のためアメリカ合衆国を訪れた田辺は、当初の計画になかった水力発電を取り入れ、日本初の営業用水力発電所となる蹴上発電所を建設し、1895年には京都・伏見間で日本初となる路面電車(京都電気鉄道)の営業運転が始まることとなった。
- He went on an inspection tour of the United States while the construction works were in progress, and he introduced hydroelectric system which had not been in the original plan; he built Keage Power Plant, Japan's first hydroelectric power station for business use, and in 1895, commercial operation of Japan's first streetcar (Kyoto Electric Railway) started in the section between Kyoto and Fushimi.
- アメリカ合衆国滞在中にアナルコ・サンディカリスムの影響を受けた幸徳秋水が帰国し、ゼネラル・ストライキによる「直接行動論」を党内で提唱すると、これに反対して労働者による普通選挙運動を主張する田添鉄二らの「議会政策論」との対立が激しくなった。
- When Shusui KOTOKU returned from the United States of America influenced by Anarcho-syndicalism, an intense internal conflict was created between Kotoku and the opposing Tetsuji TAZOE's group over the Nihon Shakaito's policy and tactics; Kotoku advocated 'direct action' through the general strike whereas Tazoe advocated 'parliamentary tactics' and insisted on promoting the universal suffrage movement led by workers.
- 頼定の父為平親王は冷泉天皇のすぐ下の同母弟でありながら、母中宮藤原安子・外祖父藤原師輔を早くに失い、高明が外戚として勢威を振るうのを恐れた叔父たちによって、幼い弟守平親王(のちの円融天皇)に飛び越され、失意の日々を送った不運の皇族である。
- His father, Imperial Prince Tamehira, was a member of the unfortunate imperial family, who felt dejected after losing his mother, FUJIWARA no Anshi, who had the title of Chugu (Empress), and maternal grandfather, FUJIWARA no Morosuke, early and was forestalled by his younger brother Imperial Prince Morihira (later became Emperor Enyu), who was appointed by uncles who feared that Takaakira would control the government as a maternal relative, despite being the direct maternal younger brother to Emperor Reizei.
- その結果、大覚寺統傍流出身の後醍醐天皇子孫への皇位継承を認めないという結論に達したとき、これに反発した後醍醐天皇がこれを支持する公家と幕府に不満を抱く武士達の連携の動きが現われるのを見てクーデターを起こし、討幕運動へと発展する事になった。
- As a result, when the policy eventually reached the point of refusing to consider descendants of Emperor Godaigo, himself a scion of the Daikakuji lineage, as candidates for the throne, Emperor Godaigo was able to harness the long-festering resentment among warriors towards those who supported this policy--the nobility and the bakufu--and cooperate with them to launch a coup d'etat, which then developed into a full-scale rebellion against the bakufu.
- 自由民権運動最中の1880年頃より、東京日日新聞や朝野新聞などで人権の擁護と天皇制の維持の両立のために、制憲のための会議を招集して憲法草案を作成し、天皇の合意を得られた国約憲法をもって憲法とすべしとの論調が張られ、民権家達にも影響を与えた。
- During the Movement for Liberty and People's rights sometime around 1880, the Tokyo Nichinichi Newspaper, the Choya Newspaper, and other major newspapers claimed that, in order to simultaneous support both the people's rights and Imperial order, a congress of the people should be convened to formulate constitutions drafts, which would be instituted once it met with the Emperor's approval, and this opinion greatly influenced the populace.
- 1911年(明治44年)、陸上競技に夢中になりつつあった頃、スウェーデンのストックホルムで開かれる第5回国際オリンピック大会代表を決める「オリムピク大會予選競技会」が羽田運動場で挙行されることになり、審判委員として来場するよう要請があった。
- In 1911, when Mishima began to be fascinated with athletic sports, he was requested to join as a member of referees committee for 'Olympic Preliminary Competition' held in Haneda playfield to determine national members for the fifth international Olympic game that would take place in Stockholm, Sweden.
- だが、実際の政務を行っているのが最大の荘園領主である摂関家以下有力貴族であったこと、国司側も任期が終了に近づくと次の役職を得るための一種の猟官運動として有力貴族による荘園実施を認める傾向にあったために多くの例外が生まれ、実効性が乏しかった。
- However, since actual government affairs were performed by sekkan-ke and powerful nobles who were also the most powerful manor lords, and kokushi, towards the end of their term, who had a tendency to approve manors by powerful nobles as a form of office-seeking activity to secure their next post, it was not very effective with many exceptional cases.
- 運慶が一門の仏師を率いて建暦2年(1212年)に完成させた興福寺北円堂復興造仏にあたっては、四天王のうちの多聞天像を担当しているが、この四天王像は現在、所在不明である(現在、興福寺北円堂に安置する四天王像は全く時代の違う平安時代初期のもの)。
- When the Buddhist statues in Hokuendo hall of Kofuku-ji Temple were completely reconstructed in 1212 by Unkei and other busshi of his school, Kosho was in charge of statue of Tamonten (Vaisravana), which is one of Shitenno (four guardian kings), but now the whereabouts of the statue of Shitenno is unknown (the statue of Shitenno enshrined at present in Hokuendo hall of Kofuku-ji Temple are different ones made in the early Heian period).
- 近衛家は藤原氏嫡流として、藤原道長の日記『御堂関白記』をはじめとして、先祖代々の日記や朝廷儀式の記録など、重要な文書を相伝してきたが、政家は応仁・文明の乱に際し、これら大量の古文書を戦火の災いから避けるため、京都の北郊の岩倉に運び出しておいた。
- The Konoe Family inherited important documents, diaries such as the diary of FUJIWARA no Michinaga called 'Mido Kanpakuki,' and records of the imperial court ceremonies, and Masaie transferred many of these ancient documents to Iwakura located at the northern edge of Kyoto to avoid damage from the battle fires arising from the Onin-Bunmei Wars.
- 『明月記』元久元年(1204年)正月18日条によると、都で「北条時政が畠山重忠と戦って敗北し山中に隠れた。大江広元がすでに殺されたとの事だ。」という風聞が流れ、広元の縁者がそのデマに騒ぎ荷物を運び出す騒動になるなど、両者の対立は周知の事となっていた。
- According to the entry of February 27, 1204 in 'Meigetsuki' (Chronicle of the Bright Moon), a rumor that Tokimasa HOJO had lost to Shigetada HATAKEYAMA and fled to the mountains and that Oe no Hiromoto had been killed had already spread; as relatives of Hiromoto panicked and moved out with their belongings, it was clear that there was bad blood between Tokimasa and Shigetada.
- この説に対する反論としては「信長はイエズス会から資金提供を受けていた」という点に関し、当事の会の定収入は年2万クルザード程度であり、しかもその半分以上はインドに送金されており、そもそも会を維持運営するのにも事欠く有様であったことなどが挙げられている。
- As a refutation against this view on the point that 'Nobunaga had been receiving funds from the Society of Jesus,' it is pointed out that the constant income of the Society at that time was around 20,000 cruzados and that more than a half of it had been remitted to India and, therefore, the Society did not have sufficient fund for maintenance and operation.
- 比良索道株式会社が、1960年に、山麓からシャカ岳駅まで比良リフトを、そして、1961年には、シャカ岳駅から山上駅(比良ロープウェイ)まで比良ロープウェイを運行し、JR比良駅 (滋賀県)から山麓までの江若バスと合わせて、山頂近くと比良駅を結んでいた。
- Hira Sakudo Kabushikikaisha (Hira cableway., Ltd) operated Hira lift from the foot of mountain to Shakadake Station since 1960 and Hira ropeway from Shakadeke Station to Sanjo-eki Station since 1961 and, together with Kojak Bus between JR Hira Station (Shiga Prefecture) to the foot of mountain, connected the vicinity of the mountaintop and Hira Station.
- 慶応3年3月10日 (旧暦)(1867年4月14日)、新選組を離脱し御陵衛士(高台寺党)を結成した伊東甲子太郎は勤王倒幕運動に勤しみ、薩摩と通謀して近藤勇を暗殺しようとたくらんでいる事が、新選組が間諜として潜り込ませていた斎藤一によって明らかとなった。
- On April 14, 1867 (March 10 according to the old calendar), a plan by Kashitaro ITO (who broke away from the Shinsengumi and organized the Goryo-eji (guards of Imperial mausoleums, also known as Kodaiji-to) and led a movement to revere the emperor and overthrow the shogunate) to assassinate Isami KONDO (head of the Shinsengumi) together with Satsuma was outed by Hajime SAITO, a spy that was sent from the Shinsengumi.
- しかしかつて尊皇攘夷運動の活動家であった政府内の保守派は「神道が国教である(神道国教化)以上、異国の宗教を排除するのは当然である」、「キリスト教を解禁しても直ちに欧米が条約改正には応じるとは思えない」とキリスト教への反発を隠さず禁教令撤廃に強硬に反対した。
- Conservatives in the government, however, were once advocates for the revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians movement, and strongly opposed the abolishment of the Ban on Christianity without hiding their hostility to Christianity, saying that 'Shinto is the state religion (to establish Shinto as a state religion), so the religion from other countries should be removed' and that 'Europe and the U.S. are unlikely to immediately agree to revise treaties after lifting the ban on Christianly.'
- 商品の質(消費期限 / 賞味期限の長短)によっても行商範囲は異なり、取れたその日に消費される必要のある生鮮食品は都市周辺部や都市内部で採れたり作られた食品を運んで売り歩くが、より長期間の保存ができる物品などでは都市から都市へと渡り歩くような業態も存在する。
- The area for peddling differs depending on the type of products (length of expiry period or best-before period), which means some types of fresh food required to be eaten on the day they are gathered are often sold in peripheral areas and urban areas, but products which can be stored for long periods are sometimes sold by peddlers moving from city to city.
- なお、しばしば総理大臣候補として名前が取り沙汰されながら結局死ぬまで選ばれなかった原因として、第3次桂内閣逓信大臣だった護憲運動時に前首相で政友会総裁の西園寺公望の失脚を画策し、最後の元老となった西園寺に嫌われていたことが大きいことを徳富蘇峰が語っている。
- Soho TOKUTOMI mentioned that the reason why Goto was not chosen to become the prime minister even though he had been often named as a candidate largely depended on the fact that he was disliked by Kinmochi SAIONJI, the last senior statesman (genro), because he orchestrated the downfall of Saionji, the former prime minister and chairman of the Constitutional Party of Political Friends (Rikken Seiyukai), when he was the Minister of Communications in the third KATSURA Cabinet promoting the Constitution protection movement.
- 西郷の影響下にある私学校が整備されて、私学校党が県下最大の勢力となると、県令大山綱良もこの力を借りることなしには県政が潤滑に運営できなくなり、私学校党人士を県官や警吏に積極的に採用し、明治8年11月、明治9年4月には西郷に依頼して区長や副区長を推薦して貰った。
- The private school was maintained under Saigo's influence, and the sophisticated men of Shigakko started to have great influence in the prefecture, and then Kenrei Tsunayoshi OYAMA could not maintain prefectural politics smoothly without their cooperation, so Oyama employed the these erudite men of Shigakko as the officers of prefecture or police officers, and asked Saigo to recommend a ward mayor and a deputy mayor of the ward on Novenber 1875 and April 1876.
- ところが、実際に帝国議会が開催されて民権派系の民党と政府の対立が激化すると、大同団結運動と距離を置いていた板垣退助を擁立する声が高まり、これを機に旧自由党系の再集結論が盛り上がり、同年暮に大井の自由党や大同倶楽部などによって板垣を擁した立憲自由党が結成された。
- However, once the Imperial Diet was actually held and a confrontation between People's Rights-leaning minto (general term of the political parties such as Liberal Party) and the government became intense, the trend became stronger to give support to Taisuke ITAGAKI, who had distanced himself from the movement to unite for a common purpose, and then this led to the discussion toward reunifying former Liberal Party; in the end of the year, the Constitutional Liberal Party was organized by Oi's Liberal Party and Daido kurabu and supported Itagaki.
- 明治5年(1872年)の初めての渡欧の際、マルセイユからパリへ向かう列車内で便意を催したもののトイレに窮し、やむを得ず座席で日本から持参していた新聞の上に排便、その大便を新聞紙に包んで走行中の列車の窓から投げ捨てたところ、運悪くそれが保線夫に当たってしまった。
- During his first visit to Europe in 1872, he wanted to go to the toilet in the train from Marseille to Paris but could not go, so he was forced to empty his bowels on the newspaper he brought from Japan on his seat, throwing feces wrapped in the newspaper from the train window; however, unfortunately it hit a track maintenance man.
- 第4次伊藤内閣の崩壊後、大命降下を受けて内閣総理大臣に就任する予定になったが、政局の運営に見通しが立たないと判断すると、総理大臣就任を辞退して桂太郎に地位を譲った(なお、第2次伊藤内閣の内相時代に伊藤が交通事故に遭ったために1ヶ月余り首相臨時代理を務めている)。
- After the fourth Ito Cabinet collapsed, he was to assume the position of prime minister, given an imperial command, but he declined and handed it over to Taro KATSURA, seeing that the political situation couldn't offer much prospect (but when he was interior minister of the second Ito Cabinet, he served as provisional prime minister by proxy for about a month, when Ito met a car accident).
- 公事は天皇または治天の君を主催者として上卿と呼ばれる奉行(運営責任者)を務める公卿を中心とした公卿とこれを事務面で補佐する弁官・外記・史 (律令制)などの官人が『延喜式』などの法令や『貞観儀式』や『西宮記』・『北山抄』に対する公私各種の儀式書に基づいて行われてきた。
- Kuji had been carried on based on the decree such as 'Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers)' or various official or personal ceremonial books regarding 'Jogan gishiki (ceremony in the manner of Jogan period)', 'Saikyuki (record of court practices and usage, written by MINAMOTO no Takaaki in Chinese style)' or 'Hokuzansho (a representative book of ceremonies for the Heian period written by FUJIWARA no Kinto)' by court nobles including shokei (court nobles who work at Imperial Court as high rank post) who served as bugyo (administrator), and government officials such as Benkan (a controller of the Oversight Department), Geki (Secretary of the Grand Council of State) and Shi (recorder) (the risturyo system) who provided with clerical assistance, under the sponsorship of Emperor or Chiten no kimi (the retired emperor in power).
- 演劇改良運動によって、歌舞伎の荒唐無稽を廃し史実を尊重した、能形式の歌舞伎舞踊が生み出されると、壽輔はかつて同じく能形式の『勧進帳』制作に携わった経験を活かし、脚本家の河竹黙阿弥、長唄の杵屋正次郎 (2代目)と組んで『船弁慶』などの松羽目物作品を次々と世に送り出す。
- After the Noh style of Kabuki Buyo dance, that excluded romance and respected historical facts, was produced by the movement of improving the theater, Jusuke used his experience in collaborating on the Noh style of 'Kanjincho,' produced the masterpieces of Matsubamemono (Pine-backdrop Dance) one after another such as 'Funa Benkei' with a playwright, Mokuami KAWATAKE, and a nagauta (long epic song with shamisen accompaniment) player, Shojiro OKEYA the second.
- 大阪株式取引所(現・大阪証券取引所)、大阪商法会議所(現・大阪商工会議所、初代会頭は五代友厚)、大阪商業講習所(現・大阪市立大学、大阪市立天王寺商業高等学校)、大阪製銅、関西貿易社、共同運輸会社、神戸桟橋、大阪商船、阪堺鉄道(現・南海電気鉄道)などの設立に関わった。
- He made efforts to establish instititions such as Osaka Stock Exchange (present Osaka Securities Exchange) the Osaka Chamber of Commercial Law (present the Osaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the first chairman was Tomoatsu GODAI), and Osaka Commercial Training Institute (present Osaka City University and Osaka Municipal Tennoji Business High School), and companies such as Osaka Seido (copper metallurgy company), Kansai Boeki (trading company), Kyodo Unyu (transporting company), Kobe Sanbashi (shipping company), Osaka Shosen (shipping company), and Hankai Railway (present Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd.).
- しかし、為義らと運命共同体を成す事となった頼長は確かに学識高く、比類する者(いたとしたら、藤原信西ぐらいであったろう)なきほどであったが、酷薄で融通をつける事を知らず、園社神人と騒動を起こした平氏に厳重な処罰を主張する等周囲から反発を買い、時の近衛天皇にも嫌われていた。
- However, Yorinaga, who, in retrospect, was destined to share his fate with Tameyoshi, was certainly a well-learned, knowledgeable man that no one could have competed with (if there was one, it was FUJIWARA no Shinzei), but he was cold, unloving, inflexible and therefore he met with opposition from people around him, when he insisted on punishing the Taira clan for causing a rebellion by priests from Gionsha Shrine, and he was also hated by Emperor Konoe.
- さらに開拓使官有物払下げ事件に際して出された石丸安世・石橋重朝の「不当廉価」を理由とした払い下げ中止の提議が、自由民権運動と結んだ大隈の謀略として受け止められ、岩倉らの要求によって御前会議が招集され、大隈の参議免官と佐野大蔵卿の更迭、後任に松方内務卿の転任が決定された。
- Iwakura also took the proposal by Yasuyo ISHIMARU and Shigetomo ISHIBASHI to call off the disposal of Hokkaido Development Commissioner's property for its 'unjustifiably low price' as Okuma's conspiracy with the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, so a conference in the presence of the Emperor was convened by request from Iwakura where the dismissal of Okuma as Councilor, removal of Sano as Minister of the Treasury, and transference of Matsukata as Secretary of Interior were decided.
- これにさきだって板垣、片岡健吉、林有造らは、自分たちが大日本帝国憲法発布の寛典にもれたことを遺憾とし、国事犯に準じて特赦復権に浴したいと運動していたが、板垣が第2次伊藤内閣内務大臣 (日本)の地位についたのでついに1896年(明治29年)7月、同志らとともに釈放された。
- Prior to that, ITAGAKI, Kenkichi KATAOKA, Yuzo HAYASHI and others, deploring their exclusion from the amnesty granted upon promulgation of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, had been heading a campaign to receive amnesty as political offenders, and when ITAGAKI took a position as Minister of Home Affairs in the second ITO cabinet in July 1896, Kenshi and his comrades were finally released.
- 『将門記』では「然ルニ新皇ハ、井ノ底ノ浅キ励ミヲ案ジテ、堺ノ外ノ広キ謀ヲ存ゼズ。」と、この将門の一連の行動を”浅はか”であると評しており、事実その足場を固めねばならない大事な時期に貞盛らの捜索のために無駄に時間と兵力を使ったことは、後々の運命を見ると致命的となったと言える。
- This string of actions taken by Masakado is described as frivolous in the 'Masakado Ki,' which states, 'Thus, the New Emperor demonstrated that he was not a man of the world, but more like a big fish in a small pond,' and in fact, considering the fate Masakado was later to meet, it can be said that the fact that he spent an undue amount of time and military power searching for Sadamori at a critical juncture when he should have been solidifying his own base, proved a fatal error.
- 特に当時の欧米を中心とした通貨制度の主流が金本位制であったこと、当時の小判の形状が対外的な運搬・流通などに不便であったことから、代わりに対外決済の分野で最もよく使われていた二分金の贋貨鋳造が盛んに行われ、中には銀貨に金鍍金を施した贋貨とほとんど変わりのないものまで出現した。
- Especially because at the time, the currency system centered around Europe and America was mainly the gold standard system, along with the fact that the shape of the koban (former Japanese oval gold coin) of this period was inconvenient for external transport and circulation, instead, the coining of counterfeit nibukin, which was the most used in the field of external settlement, was done frequently, and even gilded silver coins which were not so different from the forfeit coins appeared.
- 吉野山が二階堂貞藤の大軍に攻められ陥落する際、護良親王を逃すため、「天照太神御子孫、神武天王より九十五代の帝、後醍醐天皇第二の皇子一品兵部卿親王尊仁、逆臣の為に亡され、恨を泉下に報ぜん為に、只今自害する有様見置て、汝等が武運忽に尽て、腹をきらんずる時の手本にせよ」と叫んだ。
- When Mt. Yoshino was fallen by Sadafuji NIKAIDO's massive force, he shouted in order to let the Imperial Prince Moriyoshi escape safely, 'I am Ippon Hyobukyo (Imperial Prince of the first rank, Minister for Military Affairs), Imperial Prince Moriyoshi, the second son of Emperor Godaigo who was the 95th generation from Emperor Jinmu, the descendant of Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess). Look at how I am going to kill myself now in order not to be overthrown by rebellious subjects and settle my grudge in the afterworld, and follow what I've done when you have to commit seppuku after using up your fortune of war.'
- 文治5年(1189年)には太政大臣となり、建久元年(1190年)には、娘九条任子を入内させて中宮に冊立、朝廷の第一人者に昇ったかに見えたが、建久3年(1192年)までは後白河院の影響力のため、容易に政権運営が出来ず、頼朝と協力関係を築いたが、反面、朝廷での孤立は否めなかった。
- He became Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister of State) in 1189 and made his daughter Ninshi KUJO marry the emperor to become Chugu (Empress) in 1190; it seemed that he turned into a powerful presence in the Imperial Court, but he could not easily control the government until 1192, perhaps due to the influence of Goshirakawa-in, and he was inevitably left out in the Imperial Court despite building a cooperative relationship with Yoritomo.
- 若い頃は頑迷なナショナリストであったが、「外人土地所有禁止法」(1912年)に見られる日本移民排斥運動などで日米関係が悪化した際には、対日理解促進のためにアメリカの報道機関へ日本のニュースを送る通信社を立案、成功はしなかったが、これが現在の時事通信社と共同通信社の起源となった。
- When he was young, he was a stubborn nationalist, but when the relationship between Japan and US deteriorated due to anti-immigrant movement seen in 'California Alien Land Law' (in 1912), he formed a plan of news service agencies to send Japanese news to the mass media in US, which was not successful, but this became the source of the current Jiji Press and Kyodo News.
- 第1回衆議院議員総選挙で合計すると、衆議院の過半数を制した自由党(当時は分裂状態にあり、大同団結運動を経て再統合される)や立憲改進党などの民権派各党は、世論の意思は自分たちにあると捉え、自分達を弾圧してきた藩閥政府やその同調者と見られた保守系政党(大成会など)との対決姿勢を強めた。
- Winning majority in the first general election of the members of the House of Representatives in 1890, the parties demanding the democratic rights such as the Liberal Party (it was split then and reunited through the Great Merger Movement) and the Constitutional Progressive Party and etc. thought that the public was on their side and strengthened the attitude toward the han-dominated government (the members of former Choshu and Satsuma domains who played major part in the Meiji Restoration and had power after the restoration) which suppressed them and toward other conservative parties (the Taiseikai Group and so on) regarded as the followers of the government.
- しかし、後醍醐天皇の討幕運動に呼応した河内国の楠木正成や後醍醐天皇の皇子で天台座主から還俗した護良親王、護良を支援した播磨国の赤松則村(円心)らが幕府軍に抵抗し、さらに幕府側の御家人である上野国の新田義貞や下野国の足利尊氏(高氏)らが幕府から朝廷へ寝返り、諸国の反幕府勢力を集める。
- However, those who had responded to Emperor Godaigo's call to strike against the shogunate like Masashige KUSUNOKI of Kawachi Province, Emperor Godaigo's own son Imperial Prince Morinaga (also known as Moriyoshi), who had returned to secular life after serving as head abbot of the entire Tendai sect, and Norimura (Enshin) AKAMATSU of Harima Province, who provided Morinaga support, continued to resist the shogunal forces; moreover, shogunal supporters like the gokenin (lower samurai warrior vassals) Yoshisada NITTA of Kozuke Province and Takauji ASHIKAGA of Shimotsuke Province eventually turned against the shogunate and joined the Imperial cause, gathering together a force from all the various provinces sufficient to topple the shogunate.
- これらは原安三郎が率い朝鮮で事業を展開した中外コンツェルンや沖縄・大東諸島においてプランテーション・鉱山事業をおこなった大日本製糖を中心とした藤山コンツェルン、マレーシア・シンガポールを拠点として鉱山・海運・化学事業を手がけた石原産業など、おもに朝鮮や南方における諸事業を展開して成長した。
- These zaibatsu included Chugai Konzern Group, which was led by Yasusaburo HARA and developed its business in Korea; Fujiyama Konzern Group, which was mainly formed by Dai-Nippon Sugar Co., Ltd. and developed plantation and mining business on Okinawa and the Daito Islands; ISHIHARA SANGYO KAISHA, LTD., which developed businesses in mining, maritime industry and chemical operations based in Malaysia and Singapore, all of which grew by developing a variety of businesses, mainly in Korea and the south.
- これに対し、私学党は、すでに陸海軍省設置の際に武器や火薬・弾薬の所管が陸海軍に移っていて、陸海軍がそれを運び出す権利を持っていたにもかかわらず、本来、これらは旧藩士の醵出金で購入したり、つくったりしたものであるから、鹿児島県士族がいざというときに使用するものであるという意識を強く持っていた。
- Ragarding this, the Shigakko strongly believed that the jurisdiction of the gun powder and explosives had already moved to the military by the time the Ministry of War and the Ministry of the Navy were established, and in spite of the fact that the military had the authority to remove the munitions, it had originally been purchased and made by contributions from former feudal retainers, and these were members of the warrior class of the prefecture of Kagoshima for use in emergencies.
- これにより旧幕府では薩摩打倒の機運が高まり、「薩摩の不法行為を誅する」とした上奏表(討薩表)を携え、京都を兵力で抑えるべく、旧幕府側の幕府歩兵隊、会津藩兵、桑名藩兵などが大阪から進軍し、薩摩藩・長州藩の軍勢と慶応4年1月3日 (旧暦)(1868年1月27日)、京都南郊外の鳥羽と伏見で衝突した。
- This incident gathered momentum among the former Shogunate to fight against the Satsuma Domain; with the statement to the Emperor declaring that they would avenge Satsuma's wrongs (to-satsu-hyo), the Shogunate infantry of the former Shogunate and warriors of the Aizu and Kuwana Domains advanced from Osaka to pacify Kyoto and they clashed with the forces of the Satsuma and Choshu Domains in Toba and Fushimi on the outskirts of southern Kyoto on January 27, 1868.
- しかし学会設立の要因に際しては、先述のような東京大学内部の事情のみならず、当時大日本帝国憲法草案をほぼ完成していた伊藤博文が渡辺洪基(総長)に対し「大(おおい)ニ国家学ノ研究ヲ振興シ、普(あまね)ク国民ヲシテ立憲ノ本義ト其運用トヲ知ラシムルコトガ極メテ必要デアル」と助言したこと大きく関わっている。
- However, as for the factor of foundation of it, not only internal circumstances at the University of Tokyo previously noted, but also that Hirobumi ITO who almost completed a draft of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan at that time advised to Koki WATANABE (president), 'The study on the science of the nation should be immensely encouraged, and we extremely need to inform people of underlying principle and implementation of constitution widely.' were deeply related to.
- 幕府代官への経費の支給・貸付を行う「諸入用方」、代官所・預所から出された文書の整理にあたる「証文調方」、勘定所に属する各種申請(港や市場の設置、御林伐出、運上・小物成などの免除など)を審査した「吟味物掛」、酒株をはじめ酒造業を監督した「酒造掛」、無役金や上納金の取立や関連事務を行う「金集掛」などが存在した。
- Other positions included: 'Shoiriyo-kata' for handling paying or lending expenses of daikan (local governor) of the bakufu, 'Shomon-shirabekata' for sorting out documents issued by daikan-sho (daikan's offices) or Azukari-dokoro, 'Ginmimono-gakari' for checking applications from the kanjosho (for exemptions for building ports or markets, cutting woods or Unjo and other taxes), 'Shuzo-gakari' for supervising sake-brewers, including sake-kabu (a sake-brewing license), and 'Kinshu-gakari' for handling muyaku-kin (no tax), collecting jono-kin (monetary contributions) and doing clerical jobs related to these operations.
- だが、その一方で西南戦争以後民権派に反政府運動・民党の主導権を握られてきた国粋主義者を中心とした外交問題を軸とした政界再編構想の一環とも言え、本来親政府の吏党である筈の国民協会から普通選挙を掲げる急進民権派である東洋自由党までを巻き込んで、ゆくゆくは国粋主義を軸とした統一政党化も視野に入れた動きでもあった。
- Meanwhile, however, the movement was also, in a sense, part of the plan to create a national political realignment focusing on foreign affairs among nationalists in particular, who allowed popular rights groups to take the initiative in the anti-government movement Minto (political parties including the Liberal Party and the Progressive Party) since the Seinan War (a local war by Satsuma ex-samurai against the Meiji government); In other words, it also represented a political trend to unify all political parties with nationalism at the core in the future by involving the parties from the Kokumin Kyokai, a Rito which was fundamentally a pro-government political party, to the Toyo Jiyuto, a radical popular rights party which advocated universal suffrage.
- 明治政府が明治元年(1868年)3月に発した太政官布告神仏分離令や明治3年(1870年)の大教宣布などの法令は、仏教排斥を意図したものではなかったが仏像・仏具の廃棄を神宮寺の社僧に抑圧されていた神職が暴力的に行い、檀家制度のもとで、寺院に搾取されていると感じる民衆がこれに加わり、各地に廃仏毀釈運動が起きた。
- The Meiji Government issued the edict of Separation of Shinto and Buddhism by Dajokan (Grand Council of state) in March 1868, and the Imperial Edict for Establishment of Shinto in 1870, although they did not intend to exclude Buddhism, Shinto priests who were oppressed by the priests attached to Jingu-ji Temple abusively destroyed Buddha statues and Buddhist objects, and the people who felt being exploited by the temple under the danka (parishioner) system joined the movement then it led to the Haibutsu-kishaku Movement in various places.
- 高麗の荘園は農荘・田荘・別墅などと呼ばれ、荘園には耕作地以外にも山野や森林などを含み、その中に農舎・亭楼・学堂・仏寺などが設置され、中には内部で利潤を目的とした墓地や長利(高利貸)経営を行う為の施設を有する者もいたが、ほとんどの所有者は通常は都市に住み、実際の運営は現地に派遣された奴僕によって行われていた。
- The manors during the Goryeo period were called noso (manor), denso (manor), bessho (villa) and so on, and in addition to the cultivated areas they included mountains, fields, forests and so on and there the farmhouses, towers, schools, Buddhist temples, and so on were built and some had facilities inside for the management of cemeteries or Shylock for profit, but most of the owners usually lived in the city and the management was, in fact, conducted by the subordinates sent to the spot.
- その関係から、現在残されている作品にはかなりの高値が付いており、過去に『開運!なんでも鑑定団』(テレビ東京)に村山の作品が登場した際には3,000万円の評価額が付けられたこともある(しかもこれは「オークションでのスタート金額」としての評価であり、番組では「実際には億単位になる可能性もある」とのコメントも残された)。
- Therefore, his existing works are set at a high price, and when Murayama's work was evaluated on 'Kaiun! Nandemo Kanteidan' (a Japanese TV program which does antiques appraisal) (TV Tokyo Corporation), it was priced at 30 million yen (in addition, it was said on the program that its estimated value was merely the 'starting price for an auction' and 'it could in fact be worth more than a hundred million yen.')
- しかし、これらの政党は対外政策では一定の一致をみていたものの、国内政策では国粋主義的な大日本協会や国民協会から自由民権運動の中でも急進派である東洋自由党まで幅広い勢力を含んでいたために、政府あるいは衆議院第2党の自由党 (明治)あるいは後に同党と伊藤博文系官僚勢力が合同した立憲政友会に対する批判でしか一致をみなかった。
- Although these political parties agreed certain points in external policy, in the internal policy these parties, which included nationalistic Dainihon Association, National Association, and the East Liberal Party which was a leftist among the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, agreed each other only in the point of criticism against the government, the Liberal Party which was the second party of House of Representatives (in Meiji Period), or the Rikken seiyukai (a political party organized by Hirobumi ITO) which was established from the alliance of the Liberal Party and the governmental bureaucratic in the side of Hirobumi ITO.
- 長州藩は没落して朝敵となるが、攘夷派であった孝明天皇の崩御、薩長同盟で薩摩と長州が密約を結ぶと、15代将軍の徳川慶喜は大政奉還を行い公議政体構築を目指すが、王政復古 (日本)により明治政府が成立、鳥羽伏見の戦いで旧幕府軍が敗北し、徳川慶喜に対する追討令が出ると、法的には幕府機構は消滅しているものの武力討幕運動が盛んになる。
- The Choshu clan toppled to become chouteki (朝敵), but after the death of Emperor Komei, who belonged to the sect that sought the expulsion of foreigners, Satsuma and Choshu concluded the Saccho Coalition (薩長同盟), and the fifteenth shogun, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, seeking the establishment of the Kougi government, conducted the restoration of imperial rule; however, the Meiji Government was established through the acceptance of restoration of imperial rule (Japan), and upon the defeat of the former Bakufu army in the Battle of Toba Fushimi, the order to hunt down Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA was released, and even though the Bakufu structure was legally extinguished, the Tobaku movement through military power became active.
- 日本民藝館の創設者であり民芸運動の中心人物でもある柳宗悦は、日本各地の陶磁器、染織、漆器、木竹工など、無名の工人の作になる日用雑器、朝鮮王朝時代の美術工芸品、江戸時代の遊行僧・木喰(もくじき)の仏像など、それまでの美術史が正当に評価してこなかった、西洋的な意味でのファインアートでもなく高価な古美術品でもない、無名の職人による民衆的美術工芸の美を発掘し、世に紹介することに努めた。
- Muneyoshi YANAGI, who was the founder and key figure of the Mingei (National Art) Movement worked hard to discover beauty of folkish art craftworks by unknown craftsman of ceramic ware, dyeing and weaving, lacquer ware, and woodwork such as daily use ware in various places in Japan and art crafts in Korean Dynasties period and Buddha statues of traveling monk or mokujiki in the Edo period which had not been fairly evaluated and not fine arts or expensive antiquities in the western sense and introduced them to public.
- 倒幕の功に応じて十分な恩賞を与えられた武士は、足利尊氏、新田義貞、楠木正成ら一部に過ぎず、最初から倒幕運動に加わって六波羅攻略に功を立てた赤松則村(円心)が播磨国の守護職を没収されたり、1つの土地に何人もの領主が現れて混乱するなど倒幕の功に対する恩賞が不公平で、新政の初期から武士の不満は強かったと推測され、後醍醐の近臣である吉田定房や千種忠顕が詰め腹を切らされる形で出家させられている。
- Those who were amply rewarded for their meritorious contribution to the shogunate's defeat--Takauji ASHIKAGA, Yoshisada NITTA, Masashige KUSUNOKI, etc.--were only a tiny fraction of those who fought, and Norimura (Enshin) AKAMATSU, who had joined the struggle to overthrow the shogunate from the very beginning, was forced to forfeit his Protectorship of Harima Province, and the chaos caused by situations, like when a single plot of land found itself with multiple owners, showed the unfairness of the system to reward distinguished service against the shogunate, making it likely that discontent against the new government was strong right from the beginning; but Emperor Godaigo's vassals Sadafusa YOSHIDA and Tadaaki CHIGUSA were made to take the blame for this situation and were driven out of office and forced to take the tonsure.
- 辛亥革命後、五・四運動を経て不平等条約破棄を求める中国国民の声が高まると、規定上の改訂期間が訪れた1926年10月に北京政府が条約改訂を日本側に打診するが、1928年7月19日、当時北京政府に代わって中国を掌握していた蒋介石の南京国民政府が一方的に破棄を通告、日本側はこれを拒否して継続を宣言したが、その後日本側からも対立悪化を懸念する声が上がり、改訂交渉が行われ、1930年5月6日に日華関税協定が結ばれて中国側の関税自主権が回復された。
- After the Xinhai Revolution, the demand to abrogate the unequal treaty increased among Chinese people in the May Fourth Movement, the Beijing Government offered the revision of the treaty to Japan in October 1926 when the term of revision started, but the Nanjing Government led by Chiang Kai-shek who controlled China at that time one-sidedly notified the abrogation of the treaty on July 19, 1928, on the other hand, Japan denied the notification and declared the continuation of the treaty, however, the concern was raised in Japan that the relationship between Japan and China might deteriorate, the two countries negotiated about revision of the treaty, and finally the Sino-Japanese Tariff Agreement was concluded on May 6, 1930, and the Chinese tariff autonomy was restored.
- 当初、こうした政策は元寇などによって混乱する社会秩序の回復を図りたい鎌倉幕府の政策と軌を一にするもの(安達泰盛による幕政改革も「弘安徳政」と呼ばれている)であったが、やがて徳政の本格化とともに朝廷の威信回復の考えが旧体制(鎌倉幕府以前への)復帰を模索する動きに結び付けられるようになると、鎌倉幕府は皇位継承における両統迭立政策を名目とした政治介入を行い、亀山・伏見両上皇の院政停止を行った事から朝幕間に緊張状態を生み、やがて後醍醐天皇の親政に至ってついに鎌倉幕府に対する討幕運動へと転化することになったのである。
- Initially, these reforms were in agreement with the Kamakura bakufu's policies to recover public order after confusion due to Mongolian attempts to invade Japan, etc. (the bakufu reforms by Yasumori ADACHI are also called 'Koan-Tokusei'), but when the scale of tokusei was enlarged and consideration of reversion to the old system (before the Kamakura bakufu) became linked with the idea of recovering the authority of the Imperial Court, the Kamakura bakufu used Ryoto tetsuritsu policies for the Imperial succession as a reason to intervene politically and terminated the cloistered governments of Retired Emperors Kameyama and Fushimi, causing tension between the bakufu and the Imperial Court, leading to Emperor Godaigo's direct governance, which eventually transformed into the movement to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu.