Honyaku Star - Search: 進める

進める: 283 Terms and Phrases

進める
to advance
to promote
to hasten
forward
further
get on
get on ~
go ahead with ~

押し進める
to press forward
push

乗り進める
to ride forth

歩を進める
to make progress
to step forward
proceeding in steps

軍を進める
to move troops forward

推し進める
to press forward
go forward with ~

先へ進める
move on ~
move forward

膝を進める
draw closer
be drawn into

駒を進める
to advance to the next stage (e.g. in a tournament)

工事を進める
to advance construction
to proceed with construction

計画を進める
to carry a plan forward

を押し進める
roll

考慮を進める
bring forward for consideration

運動を進める
carry a cause

事を先に進める
move along

一文字分進める
Move forward a character

取組を進めること
furtherance of the measures

乱数生成を進める
Step Random number generator

さおで船を進める人
someone who propels a boat with a pole

足で運転するか進める
drive or propel with the foot

さらにとるか、進める
take further or advance

進めるのが難しいもの
heavy going

ある事業を進めること
the advancement of some enterprise

塁走者を進めるアウト
an out that advances the base runners

抜本的改革を推し進める
push for radical reforms

～の風上の方に船を進める
weather

積極的な取り組みを進める
adopt proactive measure

流れにのって物事を進める
go with the flow

巻きつくように推し進める
crash into so as to coil around

提案または提案を進める誰か
someone who advances a suggestion or proposal

続行する、または先へ進める
proceed or get along

旗本に班を進める者もいた。
Some of them were promoted to hatamoto.

目的に向かって第一歩を進める
get one's foot in the door

いっそう長次郎回帰を進める。
He accelerated a recursion trend toward the style of Chojiro.

計画を進める見込みがある結果
the probable consequences of going ahead with the scheme

もう少し前へ進める気がする。
Move forward one step.

走ることによってボールを進める
of advancing the ball by running

着々と契約前審査の準備を進める。
Preparations for the pre-signing review steadily advanced.

右から左のページへと読み進める。
Read from the right page to the left page.

歩いているときの、歩を進める行為
the act of taking a step in walking

ゆっくりと、慎重に作業を進める。
He worked slowly and carefully,

超然主義をとり軍備拡張を進める。
Following the doctrine of superiority, he pursued the expansion of armaments.

彼がゆっくりと奥の方へ歩を進める。
He slowly goes further in.

新しい先生は強引に進める傾向がある
The new teacher tends to steamroller

特定の議論を進めるための質問の順番
an ordering of questions so as to develop a particular argument

有利に進めることを意図した故意の計略
deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage

取引または交渉を行う、または進める人
someone who conducts or carries on business or negotiations

進めるか、励ますことを傾向があるさま
tending to further or encourage

投げることによってボールを進めるさま
of advancing the ball by throwing it

先生が基本的に講義形式で授業を進める。
Lectures are the basis for how teachers give their lessons.

彼の事務所のほうへ長く大事な歩を進める
took long important strides in the direction of his office

勝者がもっと重要なレースに進める予備選
a preliminary race in which the winner advances to a more important race

小田原落城後、秀吉は奥羽へ軍を進める。
After the fall of Odawara-jo Castle, Hideyoshi advanced his forces to the Ou region.

そのチームはすぐに計画を進めるだろう。
The team will go ahead with the plan soon.

%-10s 1 ページ分前方へ進める。
%-10s Scroll forward a page.

研究から生じた新しい観点を前へ進める論文
a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research

頼朝はそれ以上話を進める事をあきらめる。
Yoritomo gave up promoting the engagement.

それらが共同で、光記録技術の研究を進める。
They collaborate on advancing research in optical recording technology.

仕事をどんどん推し進めるようにしましょう。
Let's press on with our work.

高句麗、百済、新羅が使を遣わして調を進める。
Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla (Three Kingdoms of Korea) sent envoys to proceed with their survey.

自分の人格を犠牲にして出世を推し進めるやり方
the practice of advancing your career at the expense of your personal integrity

あやは物事を極端にまで押し進める傾向がある。
Aya tends to carry things to extremes.

われわれはさらに、地すべり構造の解明を進める。
We advance the understanding of the structure of landslides.

この後国鉄は車輌・機材の国産化と標準化を進める。
Afterwards, Japan National Railways went ahead with the standardization and domestic production of trains and equipment.

対外関係を進めるにあたり、武力闘争より交渉を好む人
someone who prefers negotiations to armed conflict in the conduct of foreign relations

行動を始めるまたは進める人（攻撃または遠征などで）
someone who leads or initiates an activity (attack or campaign etc.)

彼らは改革案を断固として推し進めるつもりのようだ。
They seem determined to press forward with their program of reform.

（風または天気について）進めるか、促進する傾向がある
(of winds or weather) tending to promote or facilitate

定住化を進めるためには、日常の生活環境づくりが大切だ。
To promote the settlement, it's important to create a comfortable living environment.

すると波が穏やかになり、船を進めることが可能になった。
Then the waves had subsided, making it possible for the ship to sail.

ページ内においては、上段から下段へ向かって読み進める。
In the same page, read from the top column to the bottom column.

批難の可能性があるにもかかわらず、ある憶測を推し進める
put forward, of a guess, in spite of possible refutation

市民との良好な関係を確立して、進めるために雇用される人
a person employed to establish and promote a favorable relationship with the public

ボールを進めるためにドリブルするバスケットボールの選手
a basketball player who is dribbling the ball to advance it

天正13年（1585年）、政宗は小手森城へ兵を進める。
In 1585, Masamune advanced his troops to the Odamori-jo Castle.

カメラまたはプロジェクターでフィルムを進めるための仕組み
a mechanism for advancing film in a camera or projector

ある文化的目標を推し進めるためにともに働く人々のグループ
a group of people working together to advance certain cultural goals

彼女の論文中のデータは我々の目的をおし進めるのに役立つ。
The data in her paper serves to further our purpose.

「ポーンは最初に動くときだけは二駒進めるのは知ってるね。
`A pawn goes two squares in its first move, you know.

これに対して行財政改革を進める西園寺内閣はこれを拒絶した。
Meanwhile, the Saionji Cabinet, which was promoting administrative and financial reform, refused to give in to this pressure.

禅宗では修行僧は僧堂と呼ばれる修行堂を中心に修行を進める。
In the Zen sects, ascetic monks train mainly in training halls called 'sodo.'

米を融かした液を丸ごと使い、麹・酵母を投入し発酵を進める。
The liquid of melted rice is used entirely, to which malt and yeast are added to encourage fermentation.

危険な状態を大失敗の瀬戸際（安全の限界）まで押し進める政策
the policy of pushing a dangerous situation to the brink of disaster (to the limits of safety)

この後、天下統一を推し進める羽柴秀吉（豊臣秀吉）に仕えた。
He later served Hideyoshi HASHIBA (Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI) who was making progress towards unifying the country.

――もっともその後、その考えを進めることはありませんでしたが
--though I never followed up the thought

代わりに、農地の小規模独立経営を推し進める政策が採られていく。
Instead of that, a policy to facilitate small-scaled independent management over the agricultural land was adopted.

スカル（ボート後部を軸にしてボートを進める長いオール）をこぐ人
someone who sculls (moves a long oar pivoted on the back of the boat to propel the boat forward)

足の交互の働きにより着用者が滑り、進めることができるスポーツ装置
sports equipment that is worn on the feet to enable the wearer to glide along and to be propelled by the alternate actions of the legs

その後、内務省地理局長に就任した桜井は気象観測網の整備を進める。
Later, Sakurai, who was assigned to be the head of the Geography Bureau at the Ministry of Home Affairs, pursued the establishment of the weather observation network.

その中で慶応4年(1868年)には秀和との手合を先相先に進める。
Under such circumstance he advanced to play against Shuwa on Sen ai sen (playing black then white then black) in 1868.

同じ段に複数のコマが存在する場合は、右から左へ向かって読み進める。
If there are several frames on the same column, read from right to left.

よい歴史家は歴史における自分の立位置を認識するために研究を進める。
Good historians work to acknowledge their own locations in history too.

財産の遺言執行者（または遺産管理人）が相続人に有利に事を進める責任
the responsibility of an executor (or administrator) of an estate to act in the best interests of the heir

ところが、補訂を進めるうちに天皇が亡くなり、私撰集として完成させた。
Emperor Nijo passed away, however, while Kiyosuke was still revising the anthology, so he completed it as a personal collection of poetry.

ある考えを推し進める、またはある目的に向かっていこうとする一連の活動
a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end

試合の選手が得点するためにボールやパックを進める場所から成る競技設備
game equipment consisting of the place toward which players of a game try to advance a ball or puck in order to score points

私の兄は、大学を卒業した後、さらに研究を進めるために合衆国に行った。
After graduating from college my brother went to the United States for the purpose of doing further research.

鎖国を進めるにあたり、貿易許可証である朱印状は邪魔な存在になっていた。
In promoting isolation, a shuinjo, namely a trade permit was an obstacle.

また、寺院内に石垣や堀を巡らせる等の一種の城塞化を進める寺院も現れた。
In addition, fortified temples with stone walls and moats within the precincts began to appear.

- 高句麗が大使に達沙、副使に伊利之、総計81人を遣わし、調を進める。
- Goguryeo sent an envoy of 81 people, led by Commander-in-Chief Tatsusa and Vice Commander Irino in order to advanced their survey.

比較的単価が高いことから中生や普通温州からの切り替えを進める産地もある。
As this cultivar's price setting is comparatively higher than 'Nakate' (intermediate between 'wase', early-grown cultivar and 'okute,' late grown cultivar) and Futsu-unshu (literally, ordinary unshu), some switch to this cultivar from them in some regions.

嘉永4年（1851年）従三位、安政2年（1855年）参議と昇進を進める。
He was promoted to Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in 1851 and then Sangi (Royal Advisors) in 1855.

\\%-10[scroll-forward] 1スクリーン分先に進める。
\\%-10[scroll-forward] Scroll forward one screenful.

別の手続きを進めることができるように、一時的にプログラムの実行を止める信号
a signal that temporarily stops the execution of a program so that another procedure can be carried out

倭国内の諸勢力は国制整備を進めることで一致し、権力集中化が急速に進み始めた。
Various powers in Wa consented to the reformation of national systems, accelerating the speed of centralizing power.

勧進船（かんじんぶね）は、中世に勧進を進めるために勧進聖らに乗船をさせた船。
Kanjin bune was a boat in the middle ages on which kanjin-hijiri monks were sent to promote kanjin.

海外公演を積極的に進める桂小春団治 (3代目)や笑福亭鶴笑（マペット落語）。
Koharudanji KATSURA (III) and Kakusho SHOFUKUTEI (Muppet Rakugo) actively held rakugo shows abroad.

松方は大隈が進める外債による政府発行紙幣の整理に真っ向から反対したのである。
MATSUKATA was in direct opposition to OKUMA's policy of seeking foreign loans to adjust government-issued bills.

しかし、どちらしろ、この海津城は戦局を上杉軍優勢に進めるきっかけとなっている。
However, anyway, the Kaizu-jo Castle gave Uesugi's forces an opportunity of making the war state advantageous to them.

当事者達の自由意志に基づいて創設される信託（一般に手続きは書類をもって進める）
a trust created by the free and deliberate act of the parties involved (usually on the basis of written documentation)

中央集権を進めるには各地に未だ残る大名領（藩）の存在をどうするかが問題であった。
In order to establish a centralized administrative system, however, there still remained the problem surrounding the existence of daimyo (domains) territory throughout the nation.

ゆっくりと慎重に音程を変更するところから、具合を測りつつ物事を進めるさまを表す。
From the state of changing the intervals slowly and carefully, it is used to mean a state of doing things with checking the degree of completion.

逆にそれは桜町天皇と兼香の進める政策を阻む障害が存在しないという状況でもあった。
On the other hand, this situation meant there were no obstacles to prevent the policy that Emperor Sakuramachi and Kaneyoshi were promoting.

夏時間の調整、春には時計の針を進める、秋には戻す / 前に飛び出す、後ろに倒れる。
In adjusting a clock for daylight saving time, time is put forward in the spring and backward in the fall, so one 'springs forward' and 'falls backward.'

物語を結末に向かって進めるための要所要所で顔を出して重要な役柄を果たす場合がある。
There are cases where he or she would appear in key points that would move the story towards the climax and perform important roles.

「身分」よりも「財」が優越する社会が到来し、結果的に日本の近代化を進めることなった。
In the society, importance became to be placed on 'money' more than on 'social status', resultantly advancing the modernization of Japan.

天文17年（1548年）の小豆坂の戦いでも総大将として織田氏との争いを優位に進める。
At the Battle of Azuki-zaka slope with the Oda clan in 1548, he had an advantage as a commander in chief.

それに運命は冷静にことを進める人よりも、大胆不敵な人に支配されるのを認めるようです。
and it is seen that she allows herself to be mastered by the adventurous rather than by those who go to work more coldly.

さらに冷泉帝は翌年が源氏四十の賀であることを知って、彼を准太上天皇に進める旨を勅する。
Moreover, Emperor Reizei knows that Genji's fortieth birthday will come next year, and issues an order to grant him a rank equivalent to Retired Emperor.

教会一致運動の教理で、異なった宗教の協力と理解を進める：キリスト教の普遍的統一を目指す
the doctrine of the ecumenical movement that promotes cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations: aimed at universal Christian unity

調べを進めるうちに、頭蓋骨が、何か重い一撃を受けて打ち砕かれているのが明らかになった。
Closer examination revealed that the skull had been crushed by some heavy blow.

江尻城に城下町を形成し、輸送ルートを整備して商業政策を進めるなど、内政手腕に優れていた。
He excelled at domestic affairs, building a town under Ejiri-jo Castle and developing a transportation route in order to promote a commercial policy.

さいころの目にあわせて二つの石を動かすか、あるいは一つの石を目の合計数進めることができる。
According to the numbers shown on the two dices, two stones were moved, or one stone was brought forward as many points as the total numbers on the two dices.

調べを進めるうちに、犬の頭蓋骨が、何か重い一撃を受けて打ち砕かれているのが明らかになった。
Closer examination revealed that the skull had been crushed by some heavy blow.

永享12年（1440年）、持頼は将軍独裁を進める足利義教の命により大和国出陣中に殺害された。
In 1440, Mochiyori was killed in the field to Yamato Province under the order from Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, who promoted a shogunal dictatorship.

重伝建の選定を望む住民などは、架橋計画とは切り離して町並み保存計画を進めるよう要望している。
Inhabitants who want the area to be selected as nationally important historic buildings district urged the city to go ahead with the townscape preservation plan independently of the bridge construction plan.

トムはウィルソンのそばにすばやく足を進めると、正面から、両の二の腕でウィルソンの体を掴んだ。
He walked quickly over to Wilson and, standing in front of him, seized him firmly by the upper arms.

このため、景虎は残る長尾方の北信濃国人衆への支配を強化して、実質的な家臣化を進めることになる。
Therefore, Kagetora strengthened the control of the remaining local samurai landowners in the northern Shinano area, and became to make efforts to make them retainers of the Nagao family.

さらに明治17年（1884年）、西洋化を進める伊藤博文の方針で森有礼が初代文部大臣に就任した。
Moreover, due to Hirobumi ITO who was promoting the westernization of Japan, Arinori MORI became the first Minister of Education in 1884.

渡り大工とも呼ばれ、何年も家を離れ社寺のある地に居住して材料、技法を検討しながら仕事を進める。
Also referred to as 'wataridaiku,' these craftsmen spend many years away from home living on the sites of temples or shrines where they develop their skills as they study materials and techniques.

更に奥州支配を進める伊達氏によって佐竹義重 (十八代当主)は南北両方面での戦いを余儀なくされた。
In addition, Yoshishige SATAKE (the eighteenth family head) was forced by the Date clan, that had been expanding its governance in Oshu, to fight both in the north and south sides.

その結果、国債である金札引換公債によって公債化を進めることによって漸進的に処理する事となった。
As a result, paper money was progressively readjusted by converting it into public bonds with the use of Kinsatsu hikikae kosai (the Bonds Issued in Exchange for Kinsatsu [notes issued by 'Ishin' government]) which is the national bonds.

独学を進めるうちに朱子学に熱中していき慶長9年(1604年)藤原惺窩（ふじわらせいか）に出会う。
In his private studies he became increasingly absorbed in neo-Confucianism, and met Seika FUJIWARA in 1604.

しかし、この政策を進めるのは知事の裁量に任されたため、その実行の程度は地域差が出るものとなった。
However, the enforcement of this policy was left to the discretion of the governor, so the extent of the enforcement varied from prefecture to prefecture.

石川麻呂が表文を読み進めるが子麻呂らは現れない、恐怖のあまり全身汗にまみれ、声が乱れ、手が震えた。
As ISHIKAWA no Maro carried on reading the memorials, he began sweating and his voice and hands started shaking since Komaro did not show up.

コマに番号が振られている場合（一部の4コマ漫画や初期の漫画などに見られる）は、番号順に読み進める。
If the frames are numbered (found in some four-frame cartoon and early comics), read in numerical order.

このため大内氏や三好氏などは京に軍を進めることには成功したが、その覇権を維持することはできなかった。
Because of this problem, the Ouchi clan and Miyoshi clan were able to move their army to Kyoto and attain the hegemony, but unable to maintain it.

このパスパルトゥーという姓は、私がどんな状況であっても仕事を進めることからついた、あだ名でございます。
a surname which has clung to me because I have a natural aptness for going out of one business into another.

だが、渋沢は現状の民部大蔵省のあり方ではとても新しい国家建設に進める体制にはないとして辞退を申し入れた。
However, Shibusawa declined the proposal saying the existing system of Minbu Okura-sho was far from building a new nation.

平安時代以前の怨霊とみられるものとしては、大和政権が征服を進める際に敵方の霊を弔ったという隼人塚がある。
Examples of appearance of onryo prior to the Heian Period include the Hayato burial mound at which it is said the Yamato Government mourned the spirits of the enemy during its conquest of the region.

専用の盤上には、2頭のウマと騎手のコマが置かれ、騎手が乗馬するのに1点、あとは1点ごとに4マスを進める。
Two pairs of horse-shaped and jockey-shaped pieces are put on the special board, and one score is required to allow the jockey to ride a horse, then the jockey on horseback can move forward 4 blocks whenever the team scores one point.

このため天正14年（1586年）、宗麟は中央で統一政策を進める豊臣秀吉に大坂城で謁見して支援を要請する。
For this reason, in 1586 Sorin had an audience in Osaka-jo Castle with Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who proceeded the unification policy in the central government to ask for support.

早急に整備を進めるために主に鉄道網を構築することが優先されたため、道路についてはあまり整備されなかった。
To promptly improve the transportation systems in Japan, the government placed priority mainly on the improvement of the railway network and thus did not focus on road maintenance and construction so much.

伊藤博文の立憲政友会は軍備増強の必要性は認めたものの、桂の進める地租増徴ではなく行財政改革の徹底を求めた。
Although Rikken Seiyukai led by Hirobumi ITO admitted the necessity of Japan's military expansion, they required a thorough administrative and financial reform, not increased land taxes, which Katsura was going to promote.

この方法により酵母が活性を失わずに醗酵を進めるため、醪造りの最後には20%を超えるアルコールが生成される。
This allows fermentation to progress without stopping the activity of the yeast until over 20% alcohol could be made by the end of moromi (raw unrefined sake) brewing.

県令時代は、住民の反対を押し切り強引に土木工事を進める手法から、「土木県令」や「鬼県令」の俗称で呼ばれた。
When he was at office of Kenrei (prefectural governor), he was called with a familiar name of 'Kenrei of public work' or 'Oni (ogre) Kenrei', as he aggressively pushed public works (engineering works) ahead over residents' opposition.

1797年（寛政9年）、藩主治保は幽谷の考えに沿って大日本史の編纂を進めることを決定し、立原は彰考館を退職。
In 1797, the lord of the Domain Harumori decided to continue the compilation of Dainihonshi following Yukoku's idea, and Tachihara left the Shoko-kan.

清盛が上洛して、後白河の命令を受けて延暦寺攻撃の準備を進める中、6月1日成親は突然、清盛によって逮捕された。
While Kiyomori came to Kyoto to prepare to attack Enryaku-ji Temple on order from Goshirakawa, Narichika was suddenly arrested by Kiyomori.

また、遅々として進まない朝鮮半島の政治改革に「日本が併合してでも改革を推し進めるべきだ」とする世論が台頭した。
Furthermore, a public opinion stating 'Japan should promote the reform by the annexation' emerged, because the political reform in the Korean Peninsula did not make much progress.

ここで戦いを有利に進める為に、考えられた戦術の一つが遠戦であり、弓矢は戦場において重要な役割を持つようになる。
One of the tactics created in order to take advantage during a war was attacking from a faraway place, and Yumiya played an important role on the battlefield.

このほか、同年4月12日の布告では、諸藩に対して御誓文の趣旨に沿って人材抜擢などの改革を進めることを命じている。
Other than those, on the declaration of April 12 in the same year it ordered domains to proceed with reform such as selection for talented people based on the purpose of Charter Oath.

しかし、朝廷は郡の分割や郷の編入などで郡の再編を進め、豪族の勢力圏と切り離した行政単位としての郡の整備を進める。
However, the Imperial Court started restructuring Gun by dividing them and introducing Go (village) in order to create Gun as administrative units detached from the influence of Gozoku.

戦国大名は領域の一円支配をさらに推し進める一方、家臣である配下の武士を城下町に集めて強い統制下に置く傾向が始まる。
While the Sengoku daimyo further pushed to rule the whole region in their territory, they started to gather their vassals, samurai, in their castle town and bring the samurai under their tight control.

官位制は、位階と官職を関連付けて任命することにより、官職の世襲を排して適材適所の人材登用を進めることを目的とした。
The purpose of the Kani official rank system was to avoid the heredity of government positions and to employ the most suitable person for each position by appointing him a position in connection with his Ikai.

やがて、J.O（大沢商会）が東宝映画配給と配給提携を進めるにいたって、太秦発声は、同年一杯をもって製作を中止した。
J. O. (J. Osawa Co., Ltd.) then began to eventually produce with Toho Eiga Haikyu (Toho Movie Distributing Agency), and Uzumasa Hassei stopped its production at the end of same year.

一方、近代化を進める中央政府は明治9年（1876年）3月8日に廃刀令、同年8月5日に金禄公債証書発行条例を発布した。
On the other hand, for the purpose of promoting modernization, the central government issued Haitorei on March 8, 1876 and Kinrokukosaishoshohakkojorei on August 5 in the same year.

しかし満鉄関係者には鉄道技術者の島安次郎がおり、その長男の島秀雄と共に後述する「弾丸列車計画」を推し進める事になる。
However, Yasujiro SHIMA, who was Mantetsu personnel, was an engineer specialized in railway technology, came to promote the 'Bullet train plan,' to be described later, together with his oldest son, Hideo SHIMA.

これは、従六位以下のものが十貫（1万枚）以上蓄銭した場合には位を1階、二十貫以上の場合には2階進めるというものである。
This ordinance, targeted people who were lower than Jurokui (Junior Sixth Rank), announced that people who saved more than 10 kan (10,000 coins) would be promoted by one rank and two ranks for people who saved more than 20 kan.

そのために朝貢はとどこおって良風に船を進めることができず、使者は道を進めても、かならずしも目的を達しないのであります。
Because of that, the tribute stopped because the ships can't advance smoothly, and even though the envoy is on the way, he has not necessarily completed his objective.

更に「回答はファクスでもいい」との求めにも応じなかったため、8月2日、元彌抜きで除名手続きを進める方針を明らかにした。
The association again requested 'to send a reply by FAX' but he did not reply, and the association finally decided on August 2 to proceed with the procedures of dismissal in the absence of Motoya.

この方法により酵母が活性を失わずに発酵を進めるため、醪造りの最後にはアルコール度数20度を超えるアルコールが生成される。
With this method, as fermentation is carried out without spoiling the activity of the yeast, alcohol exceeding a concentration of over twenty percent is produced near the end of moromi making.

ポーンを8列目に進めることによりよい駒に変える、または、チェッカーの駒を敵に最も近い場所へ移動させて価値のある駒に変える
change a pawn for a better piece by advancing it to the eighth row, or change a checker piece for a more valuable piece by moving it to the row closest to your opponent

記録荘園券契所を設置して実効的な荘園整理を進める（延久の荘園整理令）など、当時の社会変動に伴う課題に自ら取り組んでいった。
He coped with the challenges associated with social changes in those days such as promoting effective regulation of shoen by establishing the Kiroku shoen kenkeijo (office for the investigation of estate documents) (Enkyu Manor Regulation Acts).

大辞泉によれば、ツッコミは「漫才で、ぼけに対して、主に話の筋を進める役」とされているが、実際には必ずしもそうとは限らない。
According to Daijisen (a type of Japanese dictionary), tsukkomi is a role that develops a plot of the topic; however, that is not necessarily so.

そしてそれを十分に押し進めることができる人物がいるとすれば、それはほかのだれよりも、このわたしだろうと虚栄心ぬきで言える。
And I think I may say without vanity, that if there is any one who can carry them out that length, it must be myself rather than another:

しかし世論的には未だ「へいじょう」が一般的であり、奈良県の進める平城遷都1300年記念事業も「へいじょう」と発音されている。
However, the name 'Heijo' is still commonly used, and Commemorative Events of the 1300th Anniversary of Nara Heijo-kyo Capital organized by Nara Prefecture also uses the term 'Heijo.'

1590年(天正18)に覇業を推し進める豊臣秀吉の小田原征伐を機に臣従、本領を安堵され、山形城を居城にして24万石を領する。
In 1590, he served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who was trying to establish himself as ruler of the country after the conquest and siege of Odawara, was approved of the main domain, lived in Yamagata-jo Castle and had a fief of 240,000 koku.

そして東国の調（ちょう）を進めると偽って天皇を儀式に臨席させ、その席で東漢駒（やまとのあやのあたいこま）の手により暗殺した。
He invited the Emperor to a false ceremony by saying he would present him with products of Togoku (eastern provinces), and it was there that the Emperor was assassinated by YAMATO no Aya no Koma.

農業・漁業などに関しては、国が推し進める稲作減反に反対の姿勢を取り、独自の「京都食管」と呼ばれる価格保障制度や育成策をだす。
Concerning agriculture and fishery, he opposed the rice acreage reduction promoted by the national government and worked out a unique price support system called 'Kyoto food control system' and an agriculture and fishery development plan.

そもそも丹波は、中央集権体制を進める明治政府の大久保利通らにより、但馬・丹後を含め似通った地域性を無視して2府県に分けられた。
In the first place, Tanba, Tajima and Tango were divided up into two prefectures by people like Toshimichi OKUBO in the Meiji government who wanted to strengthen centralized control, ignoring their regional similarities.

ゴールポスト間にボールを蹴るか、またはボールをエンドゾーンに進めることによって、タッチダウンの後の追加得点または得点を加算する
score an extra point or points after touchdown by kicking the ball through the uprights or advancing the ball into the end zone

新しい君主は信じるのも、行動を起すのも慎重にすべきだとはいえ、分別を働かせ人情味をもって節度あるやり方で物事を進めるべきです。
Nevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity,

本能寺の変後、近江国土山まで軍勢を進めるも明智軍と戦わずに撤退し、さらに父・信長が築いた安土城を焼尽させたとまで言われていた。
It was said that forces led by Nobukatsu had advanced on Tsuchiyama in Omi but withdrew rather than fighting the Akechi forces; moreover, his action led to burn down Azuchi Castle, constructed by Nobunaga.

したがって曲を作るにあたり歌詞を古今和歌集などから採ったが、文芸だけでなく、音楽面からも復古主義を進めることを考えたと思われる。
Accordingly, he picked words for music from Kokin Wakashu and so on, and he may have wanted to promote the reversionism in an aspect of not only literature but also music.

そのため、軍艦数隻を朝鮮沿岸に派遣し海路を測量させて示威を行い交渉を有利に進めることとし、1875年軍艦雲揚、第二丁卯を派遣した。
As a result the government dispatched the warships Unyo and Daini Teibo in 1875 and had them sound the sea to the coast of Korea aiming to gain an advantage by demonstrating its strength.

醗酵を進める酵母については、酒蔵では空気中に自然に存在する酵母や、昔から住みついている酵母（蔵つき酵母・家つき酵母）の力に頼っていた。
As for Fermenting yeast, mainly the natural yeast in the air or the yeast living in the brewery since old times (referred to as yeast in storehouse or yeast in house) were used.

また、現在の家格に応じたそれなりの生活の維持を望む中下級貴族の中にも道真の進める政治改革に不安を感じて、この動きに同調するものがいた。
Some middle and low ranking aristocrats, who wished to maintain a certain level of comfortable life in accordance with their family status, agreed with this resistance due to uncertainty over the political reforms that Michizane was carrying out.

14世紀前半に京都に室町幕府を建てた足利尊氏は、南北朝時代 (日本)の争乱を有利に進めるために従来の守護よりも強い権限を守護に与えた。
Takauji ASHIKAGA, who established the Muromachi bakufu in Kyoto in the first half of the 14th century, gave shugo a stronger authority to benefit himself from conflicts in the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) period.

特に義兵活動が盛んなところでは村の大部分を焼き払う等の方法を用いた強引な弾圧を推し進める（吉田光男_2004134頁）などしていたこと。
Particularly, they were conducting aggressive oppression, using measures such as burning down large parts of villages in the area where gihei (irregular armies that fought against Japanese invasions into Korea) actions were active (Mitsuo YOSHIDA, 2004134 Page).

後白河院と平氏の圧力に悩まされ続けた天皇とされてきたが、近年の研究では平氏一門と組んで政治を押し進める意図を持っていたとの説も出ている。
It is said the Emperor came under pressure from both Goshirakawa-in and the Taira clan, however according to recent studies, a theory developed that he had the intention to rule the government together with the Taira clan.

これは、日本思想史の流れのなかで政治と宗教道徳の分離を推し進める画期的な著作でもあり、こののち経世思想（経世論）が本格的に生まれてくる。
This is an epoch-making literary work that pushs forward the isolation of politics and religious morality in Japanese intellectual history, and after this, Keisei thought (Keiseiron (policies planned for governing a nation and providing relief to people, or ideas behind those)) was generated.

大国の圧力に直接さらされるようになったボグド・ハーン政権は、少しでも外交交渉を有利に進めるために『万国公法』をモンゴル語訳したと思われる。
Bogd Khaan regime, which was forced to deal with pressure from powerful countries conducted the translation into Mongolian language of 'Bankoku Koho' because they wished to move diplomatic negotiations forward with advantages.

明治23年（1890年）には吉井友実や千家尊福らと神祇院再興運動を進めるが採用されず、また西村茂樹らと敬神・尊王・愛国思想の普及に尽くす。
In 1890, following an unsuccessful bid by SASAKI, Tomozane YOSHII and Takatomi SENGE to revive the Jingiin (Institute of Divinities), SASAKI worked with Shigeki NISHIMURA to promote piety, reverence for the emperor, and patriotism.

知識教育に偏ることのないよう、キリスト教に基づく「徳育」を並行して進めることで、「良心の全身に充満」した人々を輩出したいと願ったのである。
He wanted to send 'graduates filled with conscience' into the world by providing an education based on Christian values and thereby fostering well-balanced individuals.
He wished to educate people to be 'fully conscious ' of a 'moral education' based on Christian values without leaning toward an education based on just knowledge.
He wished to foster people 'filled with conscience to their whole bodies' by not leaning toward intellectual education but conducting 'Tokuiku' (Teaching of virtue) based on Christianity alongside.

14代藩主徳川慶勝は就任以来尊皇攘夷の立場をとり、特に黒船来航以来藩政の刷新を進める中で竹腰家を初めとするふいご党と対立することが多かった。
The fourteenth lord of the Owari Domain Yoshikatsu TOKUGAWA took stance of Sonno-joi-ha and especially since the arrival of the Black Ships, he was often opposed to the Fuigo party like the Takenokoshi family during the reform of administration of the domain.

東洋拓殖株式会社（とうようたくしょくかぶしきがいしゃ）は、大日本帝国時代の朝鮮の植民地事業を進めることを目的として設立された特殊会社である。
Toyo Takushoku Kabushiki Gaisha was a special company established for the purpose of carrying forward colonial enterprises in Korea during the era of the Great Empire of Japan.

国は、労働災害の防止のための施策を進めるに当たつては、地方公共団体の立場を尊重し、これと密接に連絡し、その理解と協力を求めなければならない。
The State shall, in promoting the measures for preventing industrial accidents, respect the stand of local authorities, maintain a close liaison with them and request their understanding and cooperation.

伊藤内閣は6月15日、朝鮮の内政改革を日清共同で進める、清が拒否すれば日本単独で指導するという方針を閣議決定し清に通告し、清がこれを拒否した。
On June 15, the Ito cabinet decided on its policy in the cabinet meeting that both Japan and Qing would jointly reform the internal system of Korea and, if Qing refused, Japan would solely undertake the instructions, and Qing refused when informed of the decision.

だが、その一方で欧米的な三権分立の導入を進める江藤に対して行政権司法権と考える伝統的な政治的価値観を持つ政府内の保守派からは激しく非難された。
However, Shinpei's introduction of western style separation of power (administration, legislation, and judicature) was harshly criticized by conservative elements within the government who held the Meiji values of executive and judicial power.

7世紀後半以降、百済の滅亡など緊迫する東アジアの国際情勢の中で、倭国は中央集権化を進めることで、政権を安定させ、国家としての独立を保とうとした。
In and after the latter half of the seventh century, under the tense international circumstances in East Asia such as the fall of Baekje and so on, Wakoku (Japan) intended to stabilize the government and keep the independence as a nation by promoting the centralization.

憲政会の加藤高明と革新倶楽部の犬養毅が、清浦内閣を批判してその打倒を進めるという、第一次と較べるとあまりにも小規模な運動に過ぎなかったのである。
In fact the second Kensei Yogo Undo was mainly spearheaded by Takaaki KATO of the Kenseikai Political Party and Tsuyoshi INUKAI of the Kakushin Kurabu Party who jointed forces to bring down the KIYOURA cabinet by openly criticizing it, which was overly low-profile campaign compared to the first Kensei Yogo Undo.

彼がいちばん暗くいちばん細い通りを選び、大胆に歩を前に進めると、彼の足音の周りに広がる静寂が彼を悩ませ、うろついている無言の人影が彼を悩ませた。
He chose the darkest and narrowest streets and, as he walked boldly forward, the silence that was spread about his footsteps troubled him, the wandering, silent figures troubled him;

大坂夏の陣の際に家康は真田信繁に討ち取られ、混乱を避け幕府の安定作業を円滑に進めるために影武者が病死するまで家康の座を代行させていたとされる説。
This theory is as follows: Ieyasu was killed by Nobushige SANADA in Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka), and a shadowy person acted in place of Ieyasu until he died due to illness, to avoid the confusion that would ensue otherwise and to make the work to stabilize the bakufu progressed smoothly.

旧制高等学校をなつかしむ卒業生は戦後においても日本寮歌祭をひらいたり、「日本の教育改革を進める会」を結成したりして旧制高等学校の長所をうったえた。
The graduates who reminisced over the former higher schools proclaimed the positive aspects of the former higher schools by holding Nihon Ryokasai (song festival held by the dormitory students) and by founding 'Association to Advance the Educational Revolution in Japan' even after the war.

一方、変法自強運動を進める康有為は、『孔子改制考』を著して孔子を受命改制者として顕彰し、儒教をヨーロッパ風の国家宗教として再解釈した孔教を提唱した。
Meanwhile, Ko Yui (Kang Youwei) who promoted the Changing-System Self-Strengthening Movement wrote 'The Rediscovered Versions of the Confucian Classics,' honoring Koshi as a system changer according to providence, and advocating Ko-kyo, which reinterpreted Ju-kyo as a European-style state religion.

あなたが忙しいことはわかっていますが、プロジェクトを進めるために、私の最新のメールに対するあなたの返事が必要なのです。返事を書いていただけませんか。
I know how busy you must be, but I need your answer to my last mail before I can proceed with the project. Can you take a moment and write me back?

公共図書館が入った北近畿の都センター建設や福知山市が進める福知山駅北大規模街区による商業施設にコーナン福知山駅前店（店舗面積約9000平方㍍）がある。
There are buildings to be constructed such as the Kita-kinki no miyako center with a public library and the store of Home Center Kohnan (Kohnan Shoji Co., Ltd) in front of Fukuchiyama Station (with a store area of 9,000 square meters) in a commercial construction zone at a large-scale block on the north side of Fukuchiyama Station, which is being developed by Fukuchiyama City.

このため政府は、、に内務省及び大蔵省の両省間に地租改正事務局を設置し、これを中心として改租を強力に進めるよう方針転換した（明治8年太政官達第38号）。
For this reason, the government founded the Land Tax Bureau between the Ministry of Home Affairs and the Ministry of Finace in1875 and changed its policy to moving agressively for advancing the land-tax reform centering on the newly created Land Tax Reform Bureau (No. 32 of the Transmittal of Dajokan [Grand Council of State] of 1875).

しかし、藩閥に属せないため得意分野を確立したい九鬼と、寺社などを相手に研究を進めるため権力の支援を必要とする天心の間では利害関係が完全に一致していた。
However, their interests coincided: Kuki, who could not belong to any domain clique, wanted to establish his area of specialty and Tenshin needed someone with authority to conduct his research with temples.

輔子は後を追おうとしたが叶うことではなく、大声で泣き伏し、その声を聞いて重衡は駒を進めることもできずに泣き、なまじ逢うべきではなかったかと後悔もした。
Not allowed to follow him, Hoshi dissolved into tears, while Shigehira, hearing her cry, was unable to move forward, and lamented in tears that he should never have come to see his wife.

戦国時代には筒井順昭が一時国内の大半を平定して戦国大名化を進めるが、順昭が急死して幼少の筒井順慶が後を継ぐと、越智氏らが反撃して筒井氏の支配は解体した。
During the Sengoku Period, Junsho TSUTSUI became a daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) by ruling the majority of the province temporarily, but after he died suddenly and the infant Junkei TSUTSUI succeeded him, the Ochi clan fought back and broke the control of the Tsutsui clan.

また、政治面においては、江戸幕府が進める長州征伐に反対してこれを止めるように意見書を出す一方で、興正寺門跡を擁して長州藩に赴き、幕府との和議を斡旋した。
In the political field, he was against the Choshu conquest by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), submitted a report in order to stop it, and went to the Choshu Domain with the title of Kosho-ji monzeki to mediate between Choshu and Bakufu.

理事会が閣僚級で行われる場合を除き、議長が理事会の話し合いを進める。議長は代表としての資格を有しない。任務を行うにあたり、議長は理事会の権限の下にある。
Except when the Council meets at the ministerial level, the Chair shall conduct the discussions of the Council. He shall not have the capacity of a Representative. In the exercise of his functions he remains under the authority of the Council.

これを書いた日だと、Freshmeat はリリースのアナウンス 22 つがあって、そのうち 3 つは何らかの形で最先端をさらに先へ進めるようなものだった。
The day I wrote this, Freshmeat carried twenty-two release announcements, of which three appear they might push state of the art in some respect,

例えば、永代家老の嫡子・総領として、生まれた場合は、小姓→用人職（側用人を含む）→家老職、あるいは、小姓→家老見習い→家老職と、班を進めることが多かった。
For example, when a boy was born as a legitimate first son of a permanent chief retainer, he often started his career as a Kosho, advancing to a domestic econony officer and then eventually becoming a chief retainer, or beginning as a Kosho and becoming a chief retainer after serving as an apprentice to a chief retainer.

日清戦争は明治維新後近代国家形成をめざす日本と1860年代から洋務運動による近代化を進める中国(清朝)との間で行われた、朝鮮等をめぐる両者の全面戦争である。
The Japanese-Sino War was a total war over Korea between Japan, aiming at the creation of a modern state after the Meiji Restoration, and China (the quing dynasty), in the process of modernization since the Western Affairs Movement in the 1860's.

だが、そのためには紙幣消却を進める為の財源捻出のために大幅な緊縮予算とデフレーションの発生を覚悟しなければならず、伊藤博文ら政府首脳や明治天皇に同意を求めた。
To do this, however, Matsukata had to prepare himself for a drastically austere budget to come up with the finances needed for moving forward with the incineration of paper money and for a possible outbreak of deflation, for which he sought the approval of the senior government officials including Hirobumi ITO and the Emperor Meiji.

扶余豊（扶余豊璋）は険峻な周留城を嫌い、平坦で景色の良い避城への移動を推し進めるなど、戦時とは思えない感覚が黒歯常之や扶余福信（鬼室福信）に違和感を持たせた。
Joshi KOKUSHI and Fukushin Fuyo (Fukushin Kishitsu) had misgivings about the insensitivity of Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO), speculating he might not understand what it was like to live in a wartime regime, as Buyeo Pung complained about the rugged geographical condition of the Suru-jo Castle and pushed forward a plan to move their footing to the Hi-jo Castle in favor of a flat land with scenic views.

設置に際しては、維新後、開国政策を進める新政府にとってもてあまし気味の存在となっていた過激尊皇攘夷派の不平分子らの懐柔を目的に、彼らを多く採用したいきさつがあった。
When it was established, the agency employed many radical discontented elements in the party of Sonno Joi (advocating respecting the Emperor and excluding of foreigners) in order to conciliate them, who had been beyond control of the new government that were advancing the policy of 'opening the country.'

以降、米国内における缶コーヒー『Starbucks DoubleShot』の発売（2002）や、加温可能な自社ブランドの自動販売機導入など積極的な市場展開を進める。
After that, it actively developed the market by putting on the US market canned coffee, 'Starbucks Double Shot' (2002) and by introducing heating vending machines for its own brand products.

当時の西洋の強国にとって、武力で手に入れた港を拠点とし、そしてさらなる征服を進めるのが常套手段であり、ポルトガルは、ゴア、マラッカ、マカオをこの方法で征服している。
For the stronger countries of the Western Europe, it was a common practice to occupy port by force and promote more conquest using that port as a strongpoint; Portuguese conquered Goa, Malacca and Macao in this way.

その後は中国攻略を進める羽柴秀吉の軍に属し、天正9年（1581年）には吉川経家が守る鳥取城攻略で戦功を挙げたため、因幡国鹿野城主に任命され、1万3500石を領した。
After that, he belonged to the army of Hideyoshi HASHIBA, pursuing the capture of Chugoku region, and in 1581, he distinguished himself in battle for the capture of Tottori-jo Castle that Tsuneie KIKKAWA defended, which made him appointed as the lord of Shikano-jo Castle in Inaba Province with 13,500 koku (crop yield).

また4月7日には改札内コンコースに新潟県産越後杉を内装材などに使用した待合室が開設されたが、これは新潟県が進める「越後のふるさと木づかい事業」を活用したものである。
On April 7, the waiting room, for which Japanese cedar grown in Niigata Prefecture were used as interior materials, was completed at the concourse within the ticket gates; this project made use of the 'Initiative for Promoting the Use of Trees of Echigo Origin' promoted by the Niigata Prefectural Government.

近年では1990年から2000年までの五味文彦の研究があり、八代国治の分析を更に進める形で、『吾妻鏡』のベースとなった日記、筆録がどの時代の誰であったかの推論を行う。
In recent years, a study was conducted by Fumihiko GOMI from 1990 to 2000, which deepened the analysis by Kuniji YASHIRO, considering when and by whom those diaries and the written records which became a foundation of 'Azuma Kagami' were written.

承平5年2月、領地または女性をめぐる争いにより、野本に陣をかまえて平将門を待ち伏せするが、順風を得て弓戦を有利に進める将門に逆に打ち破られ、弟の隆、繁、共々戦死した。
In February 935, as a result of conflict over territory or woman, he ambushed TAIRA no Masakado, taking up a position in Nomoto, but he was counterattacked by Masakado who got an edge on the bow battle with favorable wind, and died in battle along with his younger brothers Takashi and Shigeru.

そのような状況の中で翌天正8年（1580年）3月1日、朝廷は本願寺へ勧修寺晴豊と庭田重保を勅使として遣わして年寄衆の意向を質し、本願寺は和議を推し進めることで合意した。
Then, in March 26, 1580, the Imperial Court sent imperial envoys, Haretoyo KAJUJI and Shigeyasu NIWATA, to Hongan-ji Temple to confirm the will of the Toshiyorishu (senior vassals) and they agreed to proceed with the peace talks.

政府の要人の場合は、洋服を着ることにより、日本が西欧の進んだ科学技術を学び近代化をめざす意欲を西洋の外国人にアピールし、交渉などを有利に進める目的があったといわれている。
It is considered that leading political figures wore Western clothes to show that Japan was committed to absorb advanced science and technology from the Western countries and modernize the country as a gesture in order to be advantageous in talks with the Western countries.

しかし、乱の後に反院政派の排除を進める後白河上皇の手によって永暦元年（1160年）6月に父と共に薩摩国へ配流となり、護送中に父が誅殺されると光宗もその後を追って自害した。
After the War, they were both exiled to Satsuma Province in June 1160 by the retired Emperor Goshirakawa who actively ousted anti-Insei factions (those who were against the ruling by the retired Emperor), and when his father was killed as a criminal on their way to Satsuma under escort, Mitsumune killed himself to join his father.

フランシスコ・ザビエルは戦国時代 (日本)の日本をよく理解し、まず各地の戦国大名たちに領内での布教の許可を求め、さらに布教を円滑に進めるために大名自身に対する布教も行った。
Francis Xavier understood society in the Warring States period extremely well; first he sought permission to proselytize from daimyo all over Japan, and then, in order to ensure his missionary work would go smoothly, even began proselytizing to the daimyo themselves.

こんなふうに八週間が過ぎ、私はAbbots、Archery、Armour、Architecture、Atticaと書き終え、励めば近いうちにＢのところに進めると思いました。
'Eight weeks passed away like this, and I had written about Abbots and Archery and Armour and Architecture and Attica, and hoped with diligence that I might get on to the B's before very long.

当時、中央集権体制を進めるために廃藩置県の必要があることは政府内の共通認識となっていたが、その実施に向けた方策について急進的な木戸孝允と漸進的な大久保利通との対立が続いていた。
Although there was a shared understanding within the government at that time that Haihan-chiken had to be carried out in order to move towards a centralized administrative system, Takayoshi KIDO (who insisted on radical reform) and Toshimichi OKUBO (who insisted on moderate reform) continued to hold differing views concerning practical procedures.

江戸時代の学問の特徴としては、研究者個人の直感的、連想的な思考を軸とする中世的な発想で研究を進めるのではなく、文献などに基づき実証的に研究するという態度が現れたことが挙げられる。
One of characteristics of studies in the Edo period was the appearance of the positivistic approachs based on written materials, which was different from those in the medieval times laying stress on the intuitional and associational thoughts of the researcher.

なお南アフリカの鉄道が狭軌であったのは、同地が山岳地帯であり、産出されるダイヤモンドや金を輸送する鉄道の建設を迅速に進めるには、軌間の狭いほうが速く建設できるためであったという。
It is said that a narrow gauge was used for railways in the Republic of South Africa because such railways are faster to build, and they wanted to construct railways quickly to transport diamonds and gold mined in mountainous areas of the country.

第24世法主・大谷光暢（闡如）は改革派の動きに反対し、1978年（昭和53年）、本願寺の法統を守る為として、真宗大谷派との包括関係を解き、京都の東本願寺の独立を進めることを宣言。
Opposing the reformist group, the 24th Hossu Kocho OTANI (also called Sennyo) broke off the existing comprehensive relationship with Shinshu sect Otani school in 1978 with the aim of protecting the traditions of Buddhism, and declared that he would move to realize the independence of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple in Kyoto Prefecture.

一つずつ牡蠣の水気を取り同時進行で揚げ油など加熱して準備（約160℃から170℃前後）しながら、揚げ衣（フライ）用の小麦粉、溶き卵、パン粉をボールに入れ準備し、並行作業も進める。
Draw moisture from the oyster one by one while preheating frying oil to about 160 to 170 degrees Celsius, and simultaneously pour flour, beaten egg and bread crumbs into bowls for coating.

琵琶を以て、あるいは橈を引き、船を進める音を出さしたり、はッしと飛ぶ矢の音、人々の叫ぶ声、足踏みの音、兜にあたる刃の響き、海に陥る打たれたもの音等を、驚くばかりに出さしたりして。
wonderfully making his biwa to sound like the straining of oars and the rushing of ships, the whirr and the hissing of arrows, the shouting and trampling of men, the crashing of steel upon helmets, the plunging of slain in the flood.

よく反省した後、自分が慣れ親しんだ事実を、不利な事実にさえ正当な評価を与えたいという欲求も含めて、誠実に熟考することで自説を補強して、司教は次のように論を進めるだろうと思います。
After due reflection, and having strengthened himself by that honest contemplation of the facts which was habitual with him, and which includes the desire to give even adverse facts their due weight, I can suppose the Bishop to proceed thus:

一方、皇族（大王 (ヤマト王権)の一族）を中心とする支配体制を強化し、血縁や勢力にとらわれない人材登用を進めるため、官位（冠位）の制度（官職と位階を関連づける制度）も取り入れられる。
The official rank (cap rank) system (the system where a government post was associated with a court rank) was also adopted in order to consolidate the government headed by the imperial families (a clan of okimi [Yamato Dynasty]) and to appoint talented people into government service free from blood relations and influence.

この制定には幕府は間接的な関与しか行わなかったが、青年公家の風紀の粛正を目的とし、朝廷行事の復興の促進とともに公家の統制を一層進める事となり、禁中並公家諸法度を補完するものとなった。
Wakakugeshu hatto', which was compiled to rectify the young court nobles' morals, promoted the restoration of the imperial events and ceremonies and also tightened the control of the court nobles, turned out to complement 'Kinchu narabini kuge shohatto' although the bakufu merely indirectly took part in the enactment of 'Wakakugeshu hatto.'

しかし、当時の複雑な訴訟手続に対して適切なアドバイスを与える存在であるとともに奉行所の役人などとの人脈を用いて訴訟を有利に進めるなど、当時の人々にとってはなくてはならない存在でもあった。
However, kujishi was playing an important role as advising people regarding the complex legal procedures at that time and taking advantage of the connections with officials of magistrate's offices in the legal procedures, and they were imperative for the people in that period.

議長はMACの議論を進める。議長の任務は、専ら国際的な性質のものとする。これらの任務の遂行において、議長はイーター理事会に対して責任を持ち、指名された加盟者の代表としての資格を有しない。
The Chair shall conduct the discussions of the MAC. The functions of the Chair shall be exclusively international in character. In the exercise of these functions, the Chair shall be responsible to the ITER Council and shall not have the capacity of a representative of the Member from whom he is appointed.

さらに、わたしはいつも真実を虚偽から区別する方法を知りたいと心から思ってきたのだけれど、それは人生の正しい道をはっきりと見分けて、安心してその道を進めるようになりたいと思ったからでもある。
In addition, I had always a most earnest desire to know how to distinguish the true from the false, in order that I might be able clearly to discriminate the right path in life, and proceed in it with confidence.

議長はSTACの議論を進める。議長の任務は、専ら国際的な性質のものとする。これらの任務の遂行において、議長はイーター理事会に対して責任を持ち、指名された加盟者の代表としての資格を有しない。
The Chair shall conduct the discussions of the STAC. The functions of the Chair shall be exclusively international in character. In the exercise of these functions the Chair shall be responsible to the ITER Council and shall not have the capacity of a representative of the Member from whom he is appointed.

立命館大学OBで、文化勲章受章者でもある故・白川静立命館大学名誉教授によってなされた東洋文字文化研究の研究成果を広く一般社会に普及させるとともに、さらなる研究を進める目的で設立された研究所。
This research laboratory was established for making known to the general public the research accomplishments on oriental writing culture by late Shizuak SHIRAKAWA, professor emeritus of Ritsumeikan University, who was also an alumnus of Ritsumeikan University and a recipient of 'order of Culture,' and also for promoting the research in the field.

ある人に言わせると、強いリーダーシップのないバザールは、エンジニアリングの最先端にすでに存在しているアイデアをまねしたり、改良したりできるだけで、その最先端を先に進めることはできないそうだ。
Some claim that, lacking strong leadership, the bazaar can only handle the cloning and improvement of ideas already present at the engineering state of the art, but is unable to push the state of the art.

最初、われわれの時代の問題から考えを進めると、資本家と労働者の間の、現在では単に一時的で社会的な相違が徐々に拡大してきたのが、この状況すべてへの鍵だと言うことは真昼のように明らかに思えました。
`At first, proceeding from the problems of our own age, it seemed clear as daylight to me that the gradual widening of the present merely temporary and social difference between the Capitalist and the Labourer, was the key to the whole position.

一般的な論題にいきなり取り掛かるよりも、手始めに、ここで述べた原理が、十分ではないにせよ、ある点までは現在の世論によって認知されている一分野に限ったほうが、議論を進めるには都合がよいでしょう。
It will be convenient for the argument, if, instead of at once entering upon the general thesis, we confine ourselves in the first instance to a single branch of it, on which the principle here stated is, if not fully, yet to a certain point, recognised by the current opinions.

この前後、民部鉄道掛の井上勝、英国人技師長エドモンド・モレル達と共に鉄道敷設工事を進める（明治5年（1872年）5月7日には日本初の鉄道「汐留駅 (国鉄) - 桜木町駅」間18マイルが仮開業）。
Around this time, he carried out railway construction with Masaru INOUE, a railway official in Minbusho, Edmund MOREL, a British chief engineer, and others (In June 12, 1872, the first Japanese railway tentatively opened for 18 miles between 'Shiodome Station [former Japan National Railways] and Sakuragicho Station).

日本の降伏に納得しない陸軍の武装を解き、ポツダム宣言に基づく終戦にともなう手続を円滑に進めるためには、皇族であり陸軍大将でもある東久邇宮がふさわしいと考えられたためであり、昭和天皇もこれを了承した。
The appointment was based on the thought that HIGASHIKUNINOMIYA, an Imperial family member and Army General, was suitable candidate to disarm the Army, which had not agreed with the surrender of Japan, and to smoothly proceed with the formalities relating to the termination of the War under the Potsdam Declaration.

使いを遣わして貢物を献じた目的として、中国大陸の文明・文化を摂取すると共に、南朝の威光を借りることによって、当時の日本列島中西部の他の諸勢力、朝鮮半島諸国との政治外交を進めるものがあったと考えられる。
The purpose of dispatching envoys and presenting tribute seems to have been to develop a political diplomacy with the other powers in the mid-western part of Japanese archipelago and Korean peninsula with the help of the prestige of the Southern Dynasty, as well as absorbing the civilization and caulture of the Chinese continent.

よって本節『日本酒と燗』では、特別にことわりが無い場合、醸造アルコールの添加を行っていない日本酒を対象として（つまりアル添酒を対象とせずに）話を進めるものとし、日本酒は醸造酒の1種であるとして話を進める。
Therefore, in this article 'Warming Japanese sake' if there is no special explanation, description is made with Japanese sake without distilled alcohol added as a subject (in other words, sake with distilled alcohol is not included as a subject), and the description will advance by treating Japanese sake as a kind of brewage.

安土城を本拠に、柴田勝家・明智光秀・滝川一益・豊臣秀吉・織田信孝などの派遣軍と軍団長を指揮して天下統一を進める織田信長は数え年で49歳であり、このまま順調に進めば天下は信長のものになると思われる情勢であった。
Headquartered in Azuchi-jo Castle, Nobunaga ODA had been promoting unification of the whole country in command of an expeditionary force with commanders such as; Katsuie SHIBATA, Mitsuhide AKECHI, Kazumasu TAKIGAWA, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and Nobutaka ODA and he was forty-nine years old and the situation was such that the whole country would belong to Nobunaga if everything proceeded as planned.

岩倉具視は佐々木の天皇の意向を直接利用した方法には反対であったが、自分に相談無く政策を進める参議（伊藤・大隈）への牽制を目的にこれに乗る形で6月3日に明治天皇の勅諭を得ることによって大隈案を否定したのである。
Implying to warn against Councilors (Ito and Okuma), who carried out policies without consulting him, Tomomi IWAKURA denied Okuma proposal by winning Emperor Meiji's instructions on June 3, taking advantage of Sasaki's move even though Iwakura opposed to Sasaki's way of directly exploiting Emperor's will.

ロシアは閔妃を通じ売り払われた鍾城・鏡源の鉱山採掘権や朝鮮北部の森林伐採権、関税権などの国家基盤を取得し朝鮮半島での影響力を増したが、ロシアの進める南下政策に危機感を持っていた日本がこれらを買い戻し回復させた。
Japan became alarmed when Russia enhanced its grip and influence over the Korean peninsula by acquiring vital state assets such as the mining rights in Chongsong and Gyeongwon sold off by Empress Myeongsong, timber rights in the north, and tariff rights, and purchased back and restored many of these.

旧来の商業地は近年の国道沿いの郊外型大型店やロードサイド店舗に押された形となったが、北近畿の都をキャッチフレーズに駅の高架化や未開発の駅南を含む駅周辺の整備を進めることで、中心市街地活性化につなげようとしている。
Although shops in the conventional commercial land lost ground to a large suburban shop recently built along the national route as well as other roadside shops, efforts are being made, under the catchphrase of creating the capital of Kitakinki, to vitalize the central city by elevating the station, and developing the area around it including the undeveloped area in the south of the station.

人々が自由な議論の賛成論が妥当だと認めているのに、この賛成論を「極端に押し進める」ことには反対し、極端な場合には理屈が通らないのなら、どんな場合にも理屈が通らないということを、分ろうとしないのは、不思議なことです。
Strange it is, that men should admit the validity of the arguments for free discussion, but object to their being 'pushed to an extreme;' not seeing that unless the reasons are good for an extreme case, they are not good for any case.

しかし、その形式が従来と違い文中に中国皇帝のみが使用する「皇」や「勅」の語があったことで、朝鮮側はそれらは朝鮮にたいし日本を上位におくととらえ、また近代化を進める日本を「仮洋夷」として警戒してその受け取りを拒否した。
However, the Korean government refused to accept it saying that the note was written in a style that differed from the conventional one and containing words '皇' and '勅'--traditionally used only by Chinese emperors-- suggested that Japan was superior to Korea, and warning that Japan's modernization was based on 'a presumed doctrine of excluding western threats.'

当初は、タクシーの事故後の解決･交渉をスムーズに進めるために導入されたが、副次的な成果として、ドライバーの運転マナーの向上やタクシーが当事者ではない事件や事故の証拠、事故原因の解析による事故予防などに活用されている。
The drive recorder was originally introduced to proceed with investigation of the causes and negotiations promptly after a taxi becomes involved in an accident; however, due to its secondary effects, it is now used for improving driving manners of the drivers, presenting evidence for a crime or accidents in which the taxi was not the party in charge, and preventing accidents by analyzing the cause of the accident.

朝貢を行った理由・背景は明確にはなっていないが、おそらく朝鮮半島南部諸国（任那・伽耶）に於ける利権争いへの参入を有利に進めるためであろうと考えられており、実際に中国史書には倭へ朝鮮半島南部の支配権を認める内容を記している。
Although the reasons for and the background to these tributes by Wakoku remain unclear, it is thought they may have been to provide an advantage in the competition over interests and rights in the kingdoms of the southern Korean Peninsula (the Gaya Confederacy) and in fact, Chinese sources mention Wakoku's hegemony over the southern Korean Peninsula.

淳仁天皇を擁立した仲麻呂は独自な政治を行うようになり、中男・正丁の年齢繰上げや雑徭の半減、問民苦使・平準署の創設など徳治政策を進めるとともに、官名を唐風に改称させるなど唐風政策を推進した（太政官→乾政官、太政大臣→大師など。
Nakamaro, who backed up the Emperor Junnin, started unique politics by promoting Tokuji policies (ruling a nation by virtue of a sovereign), which included raising the age of chunan (men between 17 to 20 years of age) and seitei (men between 21 and 60 years of age) and halving the amount of zoyo (irregular corvee), and also by adopting more Chinese-style systems such as renaming of the government posts in a Chinese style, (i.e. Daijokan [Grand Council of State] was changed into Kenseikan, and Daijo-daijin [Grand Minister] into Taishi.

化石燃料への依存性を減らす必要性が広く認識され、エネルギー資源への世界的な圧力が増大する今、長期のエネルギーの大型供給のための一つのオプションとして核融合を位置付けるために、核融合エネルギー開発を次の段階に進める時機が熟した。
At a time of increasing global pressure on energy resources and global environmental concerns, the time is ripe to undertake the next step in the development of fusion energy. This will establish fusion as an option for large scale energy supply with intrinsic safety and environmental benefits in the long term.

更に東学党の乱などでゆれる朝鮮半島問題では、川上操六参謀次長とともに清国に対して強硬論を唱えて、日清戦争を開戦させるとともにイギリス・ロシア帝国からは好意的な中立を獲得して、下関条約締結まで終始日本側の有利に戦況を進める結果となった。
And in the matter over the Korean Peninsula rocked by the Tonghak Uprising and others, he advocated hard line toward Qing with a vice chief of staff Soroku KAWAKAMI, and started the Sino-Japanese War, gaining favorable neutrality from the United Kingdom and the Russian Empire, which caused that Japan carried on the war advantageously from the beginning to the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki.

協調外交を進める憲政会・立憲民政党内閣、幣原外交に批判的で、1927年（昭和2年）枢密院で台湾銀行救済緊急勅令案を否決させ第1次若槻内閣を総辞職に追い込み、1930年（昭和5年）のロンドン海軍軍縮会議締結時には濱口雄幸内閣を苦しめた。
Since he was critical of the Cabinet of the Kenseikai and Rikken Minseito, along with minister of foreign affairs Kijuro SHIDEHARA, which took a cooperative diplomatic stance, he rejected an emergency imperial bail-out bill for the Bank of Taiwan and forced the First Wakatsuki Cabinet to resign in 1927; and he acted against the Osachi Hamaguchi Cabinet in the 1930 conclusion of the London Naval Conference.

しかし、この当時、薩長土の枢要（木戸孝允・大久保利通・西郷隆盛・板垣退助・山縣有朋たち）は、廃藩置県の準備として御親兵を東京に集めるため、また自藩の藩政改革を更に推し進めるため、参議広沢真臣らに全幅の信頼を置いて東京を留守にしていた。
However, at the time, the principal figures of Saccho (Satsuma, Choshu, Tosa Domains) (Koin KIDO, Toshimichi OKUBO, Takamori SAIGO, Taisuke ITAGAKI, Aritomo YAMAGATA, and others) had left Tokyo leaving their complete trust in Sangi (councilor) Saneomi HIROSAWA and others, to recruit the members Goshimpei (army to convoy the emperor) and gather them in Tokyo as a preparatory measure prior to the Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures), and to promote further reform of domain duties of their respective provinces.

しかしながら、彼の指揮の下で1950年に開発された東海道線普通列車用の国鉄80系電車は、短距離向けと見られていた電車が、長距離運転にも優れた特性を発揮するという事実を実証し、その後国鉄の在来線に電車・気動車の普及を進める原動力となった。
However, 80 series JNR train-cars, which were developed in 1950 under Shima's leadership for local trains on the Tokaido railway line, were initially considered being suited for short-distance use, but it was verified that they also exhibited superior performances in long-distance operations as well, providing, after that, the motive force to promote use of electric train-cars and diesel train-cars in the regular railway lines of JNR.

そして、世界に対して発見できるかもしれないことすべてを伝えることで、先人たちがやり終えたところを出発点として、多くの人生や寿命をつなぎあわせることで、人類全体として、個々人だけで到達できるよりずっと先まで進めるようにするのがいいと思えた。
and also by informing the public of all they might discover, so that, by the last beginning where those before them had left off, and thus connecting the lives and labours of many, we might collectively proceed much farther than each by himself could do.

1863年（文久3年）、勝が進める神戸海軍操練所の設立に尽力し、操練所よりも先に開設された神戸海軍塾の塾頭をつとめるただし、勝海舟の研究者として著名な歴史家の松浦玲をはじめとして何人かの歴史家は、龍馬が塾頭を務めたという説には懐疑的である。
In 1863, Ryoma exerted himself into establishing Kobe Navy Training Center that KATSU promoted and Ryoma became president of the trainees of Kobe Navy School opened earlier than the Training Center, but some historians including Rei MATSUURA who is eminent as the researcher of Kaishu KATSU are skeptical about the theory of Ryoma being president of the trainees.

このために「終わることなく終わりを告げる」等と評されており、作者が構想通りここで完結するように書き進められてきて予定通り完結させたのか、それとももっと先まで書き進める構想はあったが何らかの事情でここで中断してしまったのか議論になることがある。
As a result, this chapter is commented as the one which 'tells the end without ending,' and it sometimes generates the arguments whether the author went on writing with the idea of ending at this point and completed as planned or stopped writing halfway through for some reason though she intended to continue writing.

なお、「朱子学は憶測にもとづく虚妄の説にすぎない」と朱子学批判をおこなった荻生徂徠が頃に吉宗に提出した政治改革論『政談』には、徂徠の政治思想が具体的に示されており、これは日本思想史のなかで政治と宗教道徳の分離を推し進める画期的な著作でもあった。
In addition, around 1726 a political reform theory, 'Discourse on Government' (Seidan) was submitted to Yoshimune by Sorai OGYU, who criticized the doctrines of Zhu Xi, saying that 'the doctrines of Zhu Xi was only a delusional theory based on speculations,' and this book not only demonstrated Sorai's political philosophy concretely but stood out as an epoch-making work in Japanese history of thought which promote the separation of politics from religious morals.

清洲織田氏の三家老の一人であった弾正忠家の織田信定とその子の織田信秀はその才智と経済力を背景に主家を凌ぐ力をつけ、信秀の代には活発に軍事行動を展開し尾張統一を進めるとともに、美濃国の斎藤氏や三河国の松平氏、駿河国の今川氏と抗争し、武威を示した。
Nobusada ODA of the Oda Danjo no jo family, which was one of three Karo (chief retainers) of the Kiyosu Oda clan and his son Nobuhide ODA got stronger than the main family due to their wisdom and economic power, Nobuhide stepped up his military operations and struggled for unification of Owari Province, and contended with the Saito clan in Mino Province, the Matsudaira clan in Mikawa Province and the Imagawa clan in Suruga Province to raise military prestige.

陸奥は政権参画を目指して現実的な政策転換を進める彼らと連携することによって、三国干渉に屈して関税自主権を回復できなかった陸奥外交を「軟弱」と糾弾する硬六派の圧力を斥けて、パワー・ポリティックスに基づいた冷静な分析に基づいた外交政策を追及・推進した。
By collaborating with them who were pushing for realistic changes in government policy, aiming at participation in the administration, Mutsu dismissed the pressure by the hard-line six parties who condemned Mutsu diplomacy 'weak-kneed' because he yielded to the Triple Intervention and couldn't recover the tariff autonomy, then pursued and promoted the foreign policy with level-headed analysis based on the power politics.

しかし国司請負制により権限が強化された国司は、自領のように扱いはじめた国衙領を増やすため、天皇の代替わりに際して「新政」として発布された荘園整理令を根拠とし依然として収公を進めることが多く、領家の権威だけでは荘園の所有が維持できないケースが多く見られた。
Meanwhile, being granted a more powerful authority due to the contract system of kokushi (provincial governors), kokushi often executed confiscation on grounds of the Manor Regulation Act issued as a 'new policy' when the Emperor changed in order to increase kokugaryo (territories governed by the provincial government office) as their own territories; therefore, there were many cases that the authority of ryoke was insufficient to maintain Shoen ownership.

経済産業大臣は、工場又は事務所その他の事業場（以下「工場等」という。）、輸送、建築物、機械器具等に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化を総合的に進める見地から、エネルギーの使用の合理化に関する基本方針（以下「基本方針」という。）を定め、これを公表しなければならない。
The Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry shall, from the perspective of comprehensively promoting the rational use of energy with regard to factories, offices or other workplaces (hereinafter referred to as 'factories, etc.'), transportation, buildings, machinery and equipment, etc., formulate and publicize a basic policy for the rational use of energy (hereinafter referred to as the 'basic policy').

幕末には攘夷論が台頭するがそれを克服し、戊辰戦争の後明治政府は西洋文明の積極的な受容による近代国家の建設、幕府が結んだ西欧諸国との不平等条約の改正と南下政策を進めるロシア帝国との国境確定および東アジア諸国との外交関係の再構築と版図の確定という課題に取り組んだ。
Japan conquered principle of excluding foreigners that emerged at the end of Edo period, and the Meiji Government had tackled the following issues since the Bushing War: the construction of a modern state through the introduction of western civilization; the revision of the unequal treaties that the bakufu signed, with western countries; the definition of the border with Russia that had been promoting southward expansion; and the restructing of diplomatic relations and definition of the territory with East Asian countries.

更に宮中の保守派や政教社の三宅雪嶺らを中心とした国粋主義者も井上が進める外国人裁判官の起用といった条約改正交渉に対する批判も加えて政府を攻撃し、これに内大臣三条実美の周辺（東久世通禧・土方久元・尾崎三良ら）や政府の要人である井上毅や谷干城までが乗ったのである。
Furthermore, nationalists such as the conservatives of the Imperial Court or Setsurei MIYAKE of Seikyo-sha also attacked the government by adding the criticism for treaty revision negotiation such as hiring foreign judges INOUE proceeded with, and people around Sanetomi SANJO known as the Minister of the Interior (including Michitomi HIGASHIKUZE, Hisamoto HIJIKATA, and Saburo OZAKI) or even Kowashi INOUE and Tateki TANI, who were the important persons of the government, joined them.

懲戒に付せらるべき事件が、刑事裁判所に係属する間においても、人事院又は人事院の承認を経て任命権者は、同一事件について、適宜に、懲戒手続を進めることができる。この法律による懲戒処分は、当該職員が、同一又は関連の事件に関し、重ねて刑事上の訴追を受けることを妨げない。
Even while a case which is to be subject to disciplinary action is pending in the criminal court, disciplinary proceedings may be taken for the same case at the discretion of the National Personnel Authority or the appointer with the approval of the National Personnel Authority. Any disciplinary action under this Act shall not preclude the official involved from being subjected to criminal prosecution for the same or related cases.

異教徒の状態を言えば、彼らは個々それぞれの自然の事象の背後に一人づつの神を見て、こうして世界に気紛れこの上ない何千もの存在を登場させるのですが、ランゲはこうした概念と、不変の法則と因果関係の仮定の上でことを進める科学の概念の間には、妥協がありえないことを示しました。
Referring to the condition of the heathen, who sees a god behind every natural event, thus peopling the world with thousands of beings whose caprices are incalculable, Lange shows the impossibility of any compromise between such notions and those of science, which proceeds on the assumption of never-changing law and causality.

都市再開発は既存の市街地で権利変換を行うもので、地域住民との合意形成に時間を要するが、未だ市街化されていない地域で行われるニュータウン建設などの場合は、農地などの大規模な土地を比較的低価格で得ることが可能であり、かつ効率的に都市計画決定などの手続きを進めることも可能である。
Since urban redevelopment is conducted by exchange of rights in an existing urban area, it requires some time for consensus building with local residents; however, when a new towns is constructed in areas that has not been urbanized yet, it is possible to acquire large area of land, such as land used for agriculture, for a relatively low price and to carry out effectively necessary procedures including urban planning decisions.

この法律は、内外の経済的社会的環境に応じたエネルギーの安定的かつ適切な供給の確保に資するため、新エネルギー利用等についての国民の努力を促すとともに、新エネルギー利用等を円滑に進めるために必要な措置を講ずることとし、もって国民経済の健全な発展と国民生活の安定に寄与することを目的とする。
In order to contribute to the assurance of stable and suitable supplies of energy according to the domestic and international economic and social environment, the purpose of this Act is to promote national efforts with regard to new energy utilization, etc., as well as to take measures necessary to facilitate the utilization, etc. of new energy, thereby contributing to the sound development of the national economy and stabilization of lives of the citizenry.

明治政府が進める富国強兵路線を継承する次世代の政治家を育てる手段として中等以上の財産家を集めて新党を結成して地方自治において主導権を握るとともに、彼らに政治的経験を積ませて中央に進出させ、穏健な保守勢力を形成させることで、過激な自由民権派や国粋主義者の台頭を食い止める構想を打ち明けている。
He also introduced the concept of collecting the wealthy men above the middle class to establish a new political party having the central power in local districts, make them have seasoned political experience before dispatching to central political district to develop moderate conservative power to prevent the increase of school of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement and nationalist as means of providing the politicians of the next generation who will continue the policy of enhancing the wealth and military strength of a country sought by the Meiji government

これは徳川家康が通貨統一にあたり、以前から秤量銀貨が大坂を中心として商人に広く使用されている実情を踏まえ、この形態をそのまま継承し、慶長銀を豊臣秀頼の膝元である上方に流通させることにより、常に天下は徳川のものであることを知らしめ全国統一を円滑に進めるという、したたかな政略のひとつであった。
In unification of the currency, it was Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's ambitious strategy to show people that he was a ruler of the country facilitating the smooth unification of the country, by way of taking over the system in which silver by weight standard had been widely used among merchants centering around Osaka, as well as distributing the keicho-chogin in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area), the base of Hideyori TOYOTOMI.

またそれ以外に、50年以前の受図書人（朝鮮王朝により通交許可を受けた者）・受職人（朝鮮王朝より官位を受けた者）の通交権の停止、入港場を釜山浦・薺浦（慶尚南道鎮海市）の二港から釜山浦一港に削減、加徳島以西に来泊する者は倭寇とみなす等、壬申約条よりもさらに通交の抑制を進める厳しい内容となっていた。
In addition to this, the Teibi Yakujo was greater in severity than the Jinshin Yakujo in that it stopped the right to trade for Jutoshonin (Japanese given Korean government evidence to be granted special privileges in trading) and Jushokunin (Japanese given Korean government post who has special technique such as healing art) before 1550, reduced the entry ports from both Busan Inlet and Jepo (Jinhae City, Gyeongsang-namdo Prefecture) to one of only Busan Inlet, and took those who stayed on Gadokdo Island or further west places as wako.

とりまく環境が不変のままなら、新しい変種（これをＢと呼びましょう）が、議論を進めるうえで、もとの品種から出てきたなかではこの環境に一番適合していると仮定しますと、この型から生じた偶発的な変異は、その地位にはＢそのもより適していないので、たちまち消滅することになり、Ｂは不変のまま残ることになります。
Surrounding conditions remaining unchanged, the new variety (which we may call B)--supposed, for argument's sake, to be the best adapted for these conditions which can be got out of the original stock--will remain unchanged, all accidental deviations from the type becoming at once extinguished, as less fit for their post than B itself.

ところが、1793年にインドの植民地化を進めるイギリスは北インドにおいてザミンダーリー制を導入して領主・地主を土地の近代的な土地所有権者と認める一方で、従来現地住民が持っていた土地所有権・耕作権を強制的に剥奪して領主・地主の小作人として所属させ、領主・地主を通じて恒久的に現金を徴税する制度であった。
However in 1793, the United Kingdom, which tried to colonize India, introduced the Zamindari system in the north of India, admitted the lords and landowners as those who had a modern landownership, but forcibly deprived the traditional local people of landownership and the right to cultivate and made them tenant farmers who belonged to the lords and landowners and systematically collected tax as cash money through the lords and landowners permanently.

この著者たちは、Linux が Unix に似た OS を開発するのを「テールライトを追いかける」と例えてくれて、「（そのプロジェクトがひとたび技術の最先端の「飽和点」に達してしまえば）、新たなフロンティアに向けてみんなを押し進めるために必要となるマネジメントのレベルはとてつもないものとなる」と論じている。
The authors compared Linux's development of a Unix-like operating system to ``chasing taillights'', and opined ``(once a project has achieved 'parity' with the state-of-the-art), the level of management necessary to push towards new frontiers becomes massive.''

急速に車両の大型化を進める阪神では、阪神3561・3061形電車特急車を筆頭に阪神3301・3501形電車、阪神7801・7901形電車といった赤胴車が優等列車に充当され、駅間距離の短い普通にはジェットカー（阪神5001形電車、阪神5101・5201形電車ほか）が続々と投入され、たちまち旧型車を置き換えた。
Hanshin Railway, rapidly introducing large-size cars, introduced Hanshin 3561/3061 series cars, Hanshin 3301/3501 series cars, and red copper cars of Hanshin 7801/7901 series for superior trains and Jet Car (Hanshin 5001 series and Hanshin 5101/5102 series) for local trains and replaced old-model cars.

明治6年（1873年）に征韓論を巡って政府部内が紛糾した明治六年政変では、勅旨をもって西郷隆盛の朝鮮派遣を中止させてこれを収め、明治7年（1874年）から明治8年（1875年）にかけて続いた自由民権運動では、立憲政体の詔（漸次立憲政体樹立の詔）を発して政体改革を進めるなど、天皇は政府内部の政治的対立を調停する役割を果たした。
In 1873 when politics became complicated with the issue of the drastic theory against Korea, and political change occurring in Meiji 6, the Emperor worked as a mediator to stop the conflict within the government, by stopping Takamori SAIGO's armed force from going to Korea by issuing the Emperor's official order, and he proceeded to issue an Imperial rescript to establish a gradual constitutional government while there was a Freedom and People's Rights Movement between 1874 and 1875.

この法律は、内外におけるエネルギーをめぐる経済的社会的環境に応じた燃料資源の有効な利用の確保に資するため、工場等、輸送、建築物及び機械器具についてのエネルギーの使用の合理化に関する所要の措置その他エネルギーの使用の合理化を総合的に進めるために必要な措置等を講ずることとし、もつて国民経済の健全な発展に寄与することを目的とする。
The purpose of this Act is, with the aim to contribute to securing the effective utilization of fuel resources according to the economic and social environment concerning energy in and outside Japan, to take the measures required for the rational use of energy with regard to factories, etc., transportation, buildings, and machinery and equipment as well as other necessary measures, etc. for comprehensively promoting the rational use of energy, thereby contributing to the sound development of the national economy.

その一方で、称徳天皇や道鏡が清麻呂を流した事で2番目の神託を否認した以上、最初の神託に基づいて道鏡への皇位継承を進めることも可能であった筈なのに事件以後に全くそうした動きを見せていない事や逆に藤原氏らの反対派がこの事件を直接の大義名分として天皇や道鏡排除に積極的に動いていない事から、道鏡がこの事件に深く関わっていたとする証拠を見出す事は困難である。
On the other hand, it is difficult to find the evidence that Dokyo was deeply involved in this incident because of the following reasons; Empress Shotoku did not proceed with the move to let Dokyo ascend the throne based on the first oracle although she could have done so after she and Dokyo denied the second oracle and exiled Kiyomaro; furthermore, there was no active movement in the opposition factions such as Fujiwara clan concerning the removal of Empress Shotoku or Dokyo using this incident as a legitimate reason.

ところが、国民協会の中で国粋主義者の占める割合が強くなると、次第に政府との関係は悪化し、特に第2次伊藤内閣期に入ると、民党の中核であった自由党_(日本)が政府と接近して共同歩調を取る一方で、逆に国民協会が同内閣が進める条約改正を批判して立憲改進党と共同して硬六派を組織するなど、吏党・民党がそれぞれ「親政府」・「反政府」を意味するものではなくなっていった。
However, their relationship with the government gradually soured as the Kokumin Kyokai had the highest percentage of nationalists, and especially during the Second Ito Cabinet, the Kokumin Kyokai conversely organized the Koroppa (hard-line six parties) cooperating with the Rikken Kaishinto by accusing the Cabinet of forwarding the revision of a treaty while the Jiyuto (Liberal Party of Japan), the hard core of the Minto party, approached the government and took concerted action, and thus the Rito party and Minto party were no long entirely 'pro-government' or 'anti-government'.

第二次世界大戦の終戦後、連合国（UN）の間では、軍国主義の一因として天皇を処罰し、天皇制を廃止すべきだという意見が強かったが、日本政府がその維持を強く唱えたこともあり、ダグラス・マッカーサー元帥、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部 (GHQ/SCAP) は、日本の占領行政を円滑に進めるため、また共産主義に対する防波堤としても皇室制度は存続させるべきだという方向性を取った。
After the end of the World War II, between the countries of the UN, the opinion to punish the Emperor for militarism and abolish Tennosei was strong, but because the Japanese government strongly advocated the preservation of the Emperor, General Douglas MACARTHUR and the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ/SCAP), to smoothly advance the administration of occupation and as a bulwark against communism, took the direction that the Imperial Household system should be preserved.

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逆に、陰陽寮からの改暦提案を受けた明治政府首脳の間では、「富国強兵を目して西洋的な先進技術の導入を進めるにあたり、陰陽寮が近代科学導入の反対勢力の中心となる畏れが強く、陰陽道を排除すべきである」とする西洋文明導入論者に加え、「天皇親政を行うにあたっては、臣下が天皇を差置いて実権を行使する蛮行や、天皇の行動を指図するような非礼はまかりならず、ましてや日本古来の神道があるにもかかわらず外国（中国）由来の技法である陰陽道がまかり通ることなど許容しがたい」とする純神道論者ないし攘夷論者の主張が共鳴して、陰陽道を排斥する意見が多数を占めた。
Consequently, among the top level people in the Meiji Government who received the proposal 'to change the calendar from Onmyoryo, the pro-western civilization people argued that to move ahead with introduction of the western advanced technology and to achieve Fukoku kyohei (fortifying the country, strengthening the military), because there was a strong possibility that Onmyoryo could lead the opposition to adopting modern science, Onmyodo had be eliminated,' whereas, Shinto purists or supporters of Joi ron (principle of expelling foreigners) argued that 'by having the emperor at the top of the government, they could not allow barbaric acts such as allegiants exercising real power by going over the emperor's head or breaching etiquette, such as; allegiants dictating what the emperor should do, and, further, they could not tolerate that, despite the fact that Shinto was the tradition in Japan, Onmyodo, and an art originating from a foreign country (China) should go unchallenged,' and with both parties identifying with the arguments put forward, most of them agreed to drive Onmyodo out.