返: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 神文返し
- Giving back the oath
- 美濃返し
- Mino gaeshi (Return to Mino)
- あきれ返る
- to be utterly amazed
- to be stunned
- 見返り地蔵
- Mikaeri Jizo (Looking-Back Jizo)
- 賠償金の返却
- The return of reparations.
- 請文:返書。
- Ukebumi: a reply to a letter.
- 核酸繰り返し配列
- nucleic acid repetitive sequence
- 諸侯会議派の巻き返し
- The Comeback of Lords Conference Group
- テロメア繰り返し配列
- telomere repeat
- 以上の流れを繰り返す。
- The above procedure is repeated.
- 満祐は快く首を返還した。
- Mitsusuke gave back the head quite readily.
- 道返玉(ちかへしのたま)
- the Chikaeshi no Tama (Jewel of Turning Back on the Road)
- 菱川師宣:『見返り美人図』
- Moronobu HISHIKAWA: 'Looking Back Beauty'
- 細川尹賢、晴元方に寝返る。
- Tadakata HOSOKAWA defected to Harumoto's side.
- 死返玉(まかるかへしのたま)
- the Makaru Kaeshi no Tama (Jewel of Resuscitation)
- 訴訟に敗れ、所職を返還した。
- Yasusada lost the case and returned the position.
- 景勝もまた会津へと引き返した。
- Kagekatsu turned back to Aizu too.
- 『東海道中膝栗毛』(十返舎一九)
- 'Tokai dochu hizakurige' (Shanks' Pony along the Tokaido, by Ikku JUPPENSHA)
- ―自分の人生を振り返って詠んだ歌
- Poems composed on reflecting life.
- この行為は「神文返し」と呼ばれた。
- This act is called 'giving back the oath.'
- 三上皇はその後、北朝へ返還された。
- The three retired emperors were later returned to the Northern Court.
- 2月6日 (旧暦):出雲国より召返
- March 2: Recalled from Izumo Province
- 尾張藩にはそれを見返す力もなかった。
- The Owari Domain had no power to go over it.
- 任務を終了すると、天皇に返還された。
- After their mission, the sword was returned to the Emperor.
- 幕府からの返礼使は対馬藩が代行した。
- The Tshushima domain sent a return-call envoy to Korea instead of the bakufu.
- 9月14日 (旧暦):出雲国より召返
- October 27: Recalled from Izumo Province
- 各駅停車のほとんどがここで折り返す。
- Nearly all the local trains return from this station.
- 魏博の田弘正が領地を返還して入朝する。
- Hongzheng TIAN of Weibo surrendered his territory and entered the imperial court.
- これに対して義仲は次のように返答した。
- In response to the ultimatum, Yoshinaka replied as follows.
- それにより、それまでの借金を返済した。
- This enabled him to repay the loan that he had until then.
- のち政尭の失脚により守護に返り咲いた。
- Later, with Masataka's fall from power, Masayori regained his shugo post.
- その後もたびたび業務の改廃を繰り返した。
- After that, an improvement or elimination of operations was also repeated frequently.
- 「ご恩返しをさせていただきましょうとも」
- Now we will repay the kindness'
- 平野は巻き返しを図るべく大和国を去った。
- Hirano left Yamato to try to recover from this setback.
- 『鸚鵡返文武二道』(1789年)恋川春町
- 'Omugaeshi bunbu no futamichi' (parroting the double path of literary and military arts) (1789) by Harumachi KOIKAWA
- 尊氏は備後から軍を返し、高兄弟も加わる。
- Takauji returned his forces from Bingo and the Ko brothers joined him.
- 演習場が返還されたのは1959年である。
- In 1959, the maneuver range was returned to Japan.
- 4月23日 三国干渉により遼東半島を返還
- April 23: the Triple Intervention forced to Japan to return the Liaodong Peninsula.
- しかし、熊野から引き返した平清盛に敗れる。
- However, TAIRA no Kiyomori, who came back from Kumano, defeated them.
- 片歌を二回繰り返したもので、問答歌が多い。
- It is a repeated form of Katauta, and most of the Sedoka is Mondoka (dialogue poem).
- 平氏は成す術もなく敗北を繰り返し滅亡する。
- The Taira clan became unable to do anything but lose repeatedly and eventually died out.
- 使者を追い返し朝鮮への再度出兵を決定した。
- He sent the envoy back and was determined to send troops again to Korea.
- 極位極官は、正二位(一位記返上)・内大臣。
- He eventually reached Shonii (Senior Second Rank) (declined Ichii) Naidaijin (the Minister of the Interior).
- しかし軍略に通じた秀郷に返り討ちにされた。
- However, they were defeated by Hidesato, who was familiar with military tactics.
- モシ反逆・殺害人ノ告ゲ有ラバコレヲ返スベシ。
- If he is reported to be a rebel or murderer, then return him to his master.
- 「詞書」と「絵」を交互に繰り返す形式である。
- Kotobagaki' and 'pictures' are repeated alternately.
- 五七を三回以上繰り返し、最後を七音を加える。
- The five and seven syllables are repeated more than three times, and then seven-syllable line is added at the end.
- 5-7 phrases repeated at least three times and 7 syllables are added at the end.
- 彼は苦心してそれを買い戻し父に返してやった。
- He managed to buy back the territory and returned it to his father.
- ・註1:「齋道二、岡左内モ、松川ニ於テ小返ス。
- Note 1: 'Both Doji ITSUKI and Sanai OKA withdrew from Matsukawa.
- 玉鬘はその中で、蛍兵部卿宮だけに返事を送った。
- Out of all of them, Tamakazura only replied to Hotaru Hyobukyonomiya.
- 玉鬘は返歌するものの、困惑するばかりであった。
- Although Tamakazura composed a poem in reply, she could not help feeling troubled.
- しかし、高国は意に反して義興と通じて寝返った。
- However, instead of making arrangements with Yoshioki on Sumimoto's behalf, Takakuni betrayed Sumimoto and went over to Yoshioki's side.
- 一色氏と斯波の軍勢が加勢して幕府軍は盛り返す。
- The forces of the Isshiki clan and the Shiba clan joined, and the bakufu army reversed the tide.
- そのため皇女を明石に葬った後引き返したという。
- Therefore, he buried her in Akashi, and then returned.
- 将門は印璽を奪い、維幾を京へ追い返してしまう。
- After Masakado deprived Korechika of the provincial seal, he sent Korechika back to Kyoto.
- 午前11時頃より各地で奇襲、急襲を繰り返した。
- From around eleven a.m., the army repeatedly laid an ambush or carried out surprise attacks here and there.
- 使者の僧侶は耳と鼻を削ぎとられて送り返された。
- The priest used as an emissary was sent back after his ears and nose were chipped off.
- しかし、途上で突如利長たちは金沢へ引き返した。
- However, they turned back to Kanazawa on the way.
- しかし両者の不和のため、種直は引き返している。
- However, Tanenao turned back to his home, because Hideto and Tanenao were in discord with each other.
- 小野妹子は、その後返書を持たされて返されている。
- Afterwards, ONO no Imoko left for Japan with a reply from Yang Guang.
- この報に動揺したのか、純友は日振島に船を返した。
- Perhaps because he had been disturbed by this news, Sumitomo returned on his boat to Hiburi Island.
- 中国の古い伝説には若返りの仙薬の話が幾つもある。
- In ancient Chinese legends there are many stories of elixirs of rejuvenation.
- 8月22日 (旧暦)には義昌が家康側に寝返った。
- On September 18), Yoshimasa switched to Ieyasu's side.
- 見返しには金銀泥で釈迦説法図や経意を表している。
- The motif of Shaka preaching or the intentions of sutras are described on the end leaf of the scroll.
- 武家故実の書として「伊勢貞興返答書」を記述した。
- He wrote 'Ise Sadaoki Hentosho,' a book that describes Buke Kojitsu (Regulations governing the customs of the warrior class).
- これを嘆いた常縁の歌により所領の返還がかなった。
- Tsuneyori's poem expressing his grief for the loss of his land resulted in the return of the land to his possession.
- 京阪京津線直通列車の一部は当駅で折り返しとなる。
- Some of the Keihan Keishin Line trains providing through-service return at this station.
- 犂(からすき):牛馬に引かせて水田を掘り返す道具。
- Karasuki: a tool for digging up paddy fields drawn by a horse or ox.
- その後手下や仲間を集めて、頭となり悪事を繰り返す。
- Later on, he gathered followers and cohorts, and with him as the leader they repeatedly committed crimes.
- 古来鴨川は氾濫を繰り返す暴れ川として知られていた。
- The Kamogawa River was known for having been flooded repeatedly from old times.
- その見返りとしてある程度の得分を荘園から得ていた。
- In return, they gained a certain amount of profit from the shoen.
- 義仲の返答に後白河がどう対応したのかは定かでない。
- It is not clear how Goshirakawa reacted to Yoshinaka's response.
- 時頼は一族に押収された佐野庄三十余郷を返し与えた。
- The Toyomigo, Sano manor that was seized by the Sano family was returned to Genzaemon, thanks to Tokiyori.
- 天皇は「稲舟の」と返歌し、しばらく待つよう答えた。
- In reply, he wrote made an ode, 'Inabune no,' suggesting that Kaneie wait for a while.
- 伝の中では大友のことを「皇太子」だと繰り返して書く。
- Otomo was called 'crown prince' repeatedly in the story.
- 向背ノ族ハ或ハコレヲ返シ、或ハコレヲ追ヒ出スベキ事。
- If his behavior is dubious, then bring him back to his ex-master or expel him.
- 諸大名から天皇への領地(版図)と領民(戸籍)の返還。
- The return of demesne (land attached to a manor and retained by the owner for their own use) (territory) and people of the domain (family register) from territorial loads to the Emperor.
- 広嗣はこれに答えることができず馬に乗って引き返した。
- Hirotsugu could not answer to this question, rode his horse and went away.
- ここから春嶽・慶勝・容堂ら反倒幕派が巻き返しを図る。
- From here, Shungaku, Yoshikatsu and Yodo, the anti-tobakuha group, began to regain lost ground.
- 酒乱の上に容堂にまともな返答ができるはずもなかった。
- Yodo, being drunk, couldn't say anything that made sense.
- 美保飛行場は、米軍の駐留の後、昭和33年に返還された。
- The Miho Airport was returned in 1958 after the stationing of the United States Forces.
- 天皇は全ての奏文を確認した後に一旦職事公卿に返却する。
- After reading and confirming all Sobun (the reports submitted to the Emperor), the Emperor would temporarily return them to Shikiji-kugyo (high-ranked nobles engaged in cabinet council).
- しかし勢力を盛り返し翌年に光厳天皇の院宣を掲げて入京。
- The following year, he regained his power and entered the capital with inzen (a decree from the retired Emperor) of Emperor Kogon.
- この混乱で軍の前進は止まり、蘇我果安は返って自殺した。
- Due to this chaos, the army stopped to advance and SOGA no Hatayasu came back by himself and committed suicide.
- 平盧の李師道・成徳の王承宗は自ら領地の一部を返還した。
- Shidao LI of Pinglu and Chengzong WANG of Chengde gave back parts of their own territories.
- 秋になると50%の利息をつけて返済させるようになった。
- Then, they made peasants pay back the loaned seeds with interest at 50% in autumn.
- 連歌書に「梵灯庵袖下集」「梵灯庵主返答書」などがある。
- His renga collections include 'Bontoan Sodeshitashu' and 'Bontoanshu hentosho.'
- 激怒した重盛は謝罪と申し出を拒否して使者を追い返した。
- Angered Shigemori refused the offer and apology and chased away the messengers.
- 3系統(上終町折返し便のみ) 上終町京都造形芸大前方面
- Route 3 (only the shuttle service that arrives at and departs from Kamihate-cho): For Kamihate-cho, Kyoto Zokei University (Kyoto University of Art and Design)
- 全てトロッコ嵯峨~トロッコ亀岡間の折り返し運転である。
- The entire route between Saga Torokko Station and Kameoka Torokko Station is run by a single tram going back and forth.
- 別名を田中藤作蘇生事件もしくは生き返った死刑囚ともいう。
- The incident was known as resuscitation of Tosaku TANAKA or a condemned who came back to life.
- もし反逆者・殺人者との知らせがあれば元の主人へ返すこと。
- If he is reported to be a rebel or murderer, then return him to his master.
- 養賢は、少年期より父から金閣寺の話を繰り返し聞いていた。
- Yoken's father had repeatedly told him about the Kinkaku-ji Temple since he was a young boy.
- 罪を許された光源氏は都に返り咲き、冷泉帝も元服を迎えた。
- Having been forgiven for what he had done, Hikaru Genji came back to the capital, and Emperor Reizei celebrated his coming-of-age.
- その後も父とともに京への復帰と坂本への脱出を繰り返した。
- Even in later years the father and son went back and forth between Kyoto and Sakamoto.
- 敗戦とともに奈良空は解散し、信者詰所は教団に返還された。
- Nara Naval Air Corps was dismissed at the end of the war, and the offices of the believers of the Tenri sect were returned to them.
- この非常に短い期間での中国からの移動を中国大返しと呼ぶ。
- This movement from the Chugoku area in a very short period is called Chugoku ogaeshi.
- 干支は60年の周期で単純に繰り返すので簡易に計算できる。
- The Oriental zodiac repeats itself every 60 years and the years can be calculated easily.
- 公寿は甲府県知事を務めたが、大正2年1月爵位を返上した。
- Kinhisa worked as the Governor of Kofu Prefecture, but returned the peerage in January 1913.
- さらに松尾城(飯田市)城主小笠原信嶺も織田軍に寝返った。
- Nobumine OGASAWARA, Lord of Matsuo-jo Castle (located in present-day Iida City), also defected to the Oda army.
- 鏡と剣は奪い返されたが、残った曲玉を比叡山に持ち込んだ。
- The mirror and the sword were recaptured, but he took the remaining sacred jewel to Mt. Hiei.
- 2月13日 鎌倉に京都の時政から静を送る旨の返事が届く。
- On March 21, Kamakura received a letter from Tokimasa in Kyoto stating that he would send Shizuka to Kamakura.
- 普通電車の一部が折り返す駅で、全ての特急列車も停車する。
- At this station, each local train makes a turn and all limited express trains stop.
- 7月1日、季瓊真蘂が坂本城を訪れ、義教の首の返還を求めた。
- On July 27th, Shinzui KIKEI visited Sakamoto-jo Castle and required Mitsusuke to give back Yoshinori's head.
- しかし清盛は自軍の損害が多きくなることをおそれて引き返す。
- However, Kiyomori retreats for fear that his army will suffer increased damage.
- また主戦派の浪人たちが埋められた堀を掘り返したりしている。
- With negotiations broken down, th Toyotomi side, realizing that the second war could not be avoided, distributed gold and silver to ronin shu and began to prepare arms.
- 在位中、最初の遣唐使を送り、唐からの高表仁の返訪を受けた。
- During his reign, he sent first Kento-shi (Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) and received the return visitor, Gao Biaoren from Tang Dynasty China.
- そして畠山被官の白樫・神保氏は前述の通り上方勢に寝返った。
- Then, the Shirakashi and Jinbo clans who were hikan of Hatakeyama clan defected to the Kamigata army as mentioned above.
- 初めは官軍に与していた廬龍軍などが乱側に寝返ってしまった。
- Armies like the Lulong army that used to side with the imperial army switched sides and allied themselves with the rebels.
- 時秋はやむなく義光の説得を受け入れ、都に引き返したという。
- Tokiaki unwillingly accepted Yoshimitsu's persuasion and returned to the capital.
- この後、漢方医継続の請願を繰り返すがことごとく却下される。
- After the foundation of the Institute, they repeatedly petitioned for the continuance of Kampo doctors, but their requests were refused every time.
- かぐや姫はただちにこれを返品し、職人たちには褒美を与えた。
- Kaguya-hime immediately returned the branch to them and gave rewards to the craftsmen.
- 12月16日 静を鎌倉へ召し出すよう時政に返書が送られる。
- On January 15, Tokimasa received a letter from Kamakura that ordered him to send Shizuka to Kamakura.
- 686年(朱鳥元年)になって、草薙剣は熱田神宮に返還された。
- In 686 the Kusanagi no tsurugi was returned to the Atsuta-jingu Shrine.
- ただし、官職を辞する時には職分田を返納する規定となっていた。
- The code stipulated that shikibunden had to be returned on resignation from the governmental position.
- 行動が定かではない者は元の主人へ返すか、または追放すること。
- If his behavior is dubious, then bring him back to his ex-master or expel him.
- 山城屋は公金返済が不可能であったため、陸軍省内部で割腹自殺。
- Since YAMASHIROYA was unable to repay the public money, he committed suicide through disembowelment inside the building of the Ministry of Army.
- しかしその「三」の字は返り点とほぼ同じ大きさで書かれている。
- However, the character of '三' is written in the same size as kaeriten (return marks to help read Chinese literature in Japanese).
- 位、勲章等ノ返上ノ請願ニ関スル件(昭和20年勅令第699号)
- On the petition for returning order, decoration, and the like (Imperial Edict No. 699 in 1945)
- 変若水(おちみず、をちみづ)とは、飲めば若返るといわれた水。
- Ochimizu is water that was said to bring back youth when it was drank.
- 洋式製本による出版は、その頃から最近まで、繰り返されている。
- Books bound in Western style have been repeatedly published since then till quite recently.
- ところが後ろ盾であった近江守護の六角高頼が高国方に寝返った。
- However, Omi Shugo (the Governor of Omi Province) Takayori ROKKAKU, who had been supporting Sumimoto, went over to Takakuni's side.
- 夕霧の返事は遅れに遅れ、御息所は心労のあまり急死してしまう。
- Miyasudokoro is waiting for a reply from Yugiri for a long time, but at last she passes away suddenly as a result of excessive anxiety.
- 江戸城を明け渡しの手続きを終えた後は即刻田安家へ返却を願う。
- Condition Number Five: Once the process in the surrender of Edo Castle is complete, the Tokugawa family should immediately implement procedures for returning Edo-jo Castle to the Tayasu family.
- しかし戦局が劣勢となった上、淀藩・津藩などが寝返ってしまう。
- However, the war situation worsened on the Tokugawa shogunate side, furthermore, the Yodo and the Tsu Domains betrayed the bakufu.
- 対立構図のねじれ、自己の利に従って離散集合をくり返す諸勢力。
- The involved forces, vying one another in a complexly twisted pattern, sometimes joined hands and at other times separated from others repeatedly, each in pursuit of its own self-interest.
- 武者返し:武家屋敷で、表長屋の外溝の縁に一歩置きに立てた石。
- Mushagaeshi : In a samurai residence, the stone which was put at every step on the brink of the outside dike of the row house along the main street.
- 平盧の返還の履行が遅れたことを理由にこれを攻撃して滅ぼした。
- The surrender of the territories from Pinglu was delayed, and he used this as an excuse, and he attacked and destroyed Pinglu.
- その後も信濃国への出兵を繰り返し、徐々に領地を広げて行った。
- Sending forces into Shinano Province even after that, the clan continued expanding its territory gradually.
- 横海軍の程権は二州全ての領地を返還して藩の歴史を自ら絶った。
- Chengquan, the military leader of Henghai army, surrendered all his territories in two prefectures, thereby voluntarily putting an end to the history of his domain.
- これを見て佐々木道誉は尊氏軍に寝返り義貞軍も総崩れとなった。
- Then, Doyo SASAKI sold out to Takauji's army and Yoshisada's army also suffered a debacle.
- 幼い頃から非行を繰り返し、14歳か15歳の頃に父母を亡くす。
- He committed crimes repeatedly from a young age, and he lost his father and mother at the age of 14 or 15.
- しかし三好三人衆の調略にのり池田知正とともに三好氏に寝返る。
- But he went over to the Miyoshi clan along with Tomomasa IKEDA, following a stratagem of the three chief retainers of the Miyoshi clan.
- 天平勝宝7年12月には東大寺から唐院に止観経を返していった。
- In December of 763, he returned the 'Shikan' (Cessation and Observation) sutra from Todai-ji Temple to Toin (Tang-in Temple).
- 華族の中にも特権身分制度に疑問を持ち爵位を返上する者も現れた。
- Some people from the peerage wondered about the privileged class system and gave up their peerage.
- 返々、自之人衆不遣前ニ、聊爾之扱無用候、尚一平可申遣候、以上。
- Again, do not take hasty action before sending my troops, and (尚一平可申遣候).
- 大高源五たちは誓紙の返還を拒んだ者だけに仇討ちの真意を伝えた。
- Gengo OTAKA told about the raid only to those who refused to take their oaths back.
- 寛政の後期から復活し、十返舎一九、式亭三馬らも洒落本を書いた。
- It began to revive in the late Kansei era, and writers such as Ikku JUPPENSHA and Sanba SHIKITEI wrote sharebon works as well.
- 刹那的に非道を繰り返すが、どこか魅力がある描き方をされている。
- Although he continued to act atrociously for transient pleasures he was portrayed as a man with unexplainable charm.
- いったん藩地と人民を朝廷に返還する手続きを取った(版籍奉還)。
- Once the new government would implement the process; the lords would return their territorial domains and residences to the Imperial Court ('Hanseki hokan;' the return of the lands and people from the feudal lords to the Emperor).
- 年号は統一され神器も南朝方に返されて北朝はいったん解体される。
- With the era names unified and the Sacred Treasures returned to the Southern Court the Northern Court was terminated.
- しかし、住処を伏見の桃山城に移すと内野は荒廃し、田畑に返った。
- After Hideyoshi moved his residence to Momoyama-jo Castle in Fushimi, Uchino was again overrun with weeds and turned into fields.
- 別働第3旅団は4月17日、熊本から引き返して来て御船を攻めた。
- On April 17, returning from Kumamoto, the detached 3rd brigade attacked Mifune.
- しかし、義稙達は次第に勢力を盛り返し、京に再度迫りつつあった。
- However, Yoshitane and his people gradually regained power and were getting around the capital again.
- しかし芸術性と商業性との矛盾に悩み失敗と試行錯誤を繰り返した。
- However, he was conflicted by the contradiction between art and commercial success; experiencing repeated failures and learning by trial and error.
- 金沢城へ引き返したあと利長が再出陣した際に利政は動かなかった。
- When Toshinaga departed for the front again after returning to Kanazawa-jo Castle, Toshimasa didn't make a move.
- この頃、織田軍は浅井・朝倉連合軍と小競り合いを繰り返していた。
- Around this time, the Oda army repeatedly fought a little war against the Azai and Asakura allied forces.
- 4月12日、軍を甲斐に引き返す三河街道上で死去する、享年53。
- On May 23 (in Gregorain calender, which was April 12, 1573 in old lunar calender), he passed away on Mikawa-kaido road on the way back to Kai Province; he died at the age of 53.
- 明治27年(1894年)に第4回衆議院議員総選挙で返り咲いた。
- In 1894 he was re-elected in the forth general election of the members of the House of Representatives.
- 藩主は数ヶ月に渡り監禁され、その間、家老ら重臣と面談を繰り返す。
- The lord is confined for several months, during which he repeatedly holds talks with senior vassals including karo.
- 二神の治療によりオオナムヂは生き返り、出て歩けるまでに回復した。
- Treatment by these two deities revived Onamuji and recovered to go out and walk.
- 12世紀の鳥羽天皇の代には泉殿をはじめとして増設が繰り返された。
- In the 12th century of the generation of Emperor Toba, expansion of the buildings, like the Izumi-dono, were repeated.
- 19世紀以降の尾張徳川家は養子相続を繰り返して現在に至っている。
- In and after the nineteenth century, the Owari Tokugawa family managed successions by adoption to continue the family up to today.
- 有力寺社が独自の武力を保有して、為政者と衝突・抗争を繰り返した。
- The influential temples and shrines holding their own military force had repeatedly conflicted and disputed with statesmen.
- 盛大な法会をひらき、しばしば紀伊国へ熊野詣や高野詣を繰り返した。
- Lavish hoe (Buddhist mass) was held, and they often went to Kii Province for pilgrimages to Kumano and to Mt. Koya.
- しかし、士気は極端に低下し、寝返りや足利軍への投降者が続出した。
- With extreme moral corruption, many warriors switched to or surrendered to Ashikaga's forces.
- そして暴徒化した市民らは電車に投石、放火等の破壊行為を繰り返した。
- Citizens who became violent performed violent acts such as threw stones at trains causing arson repeatedly.
- 藩論が返納となったことで激派への弾圧はいっそう厳しいものとなった。
- Since the domain decided to return the chokusho, the stronger oppression was put on the extremists.
- 頭三句と同じ形を尾三句で繰り返すことから旋頭歌とついたといわれる。
- It is thought that the name sedoka originated from its form in that the first three lines are repeated as the last three lines.
- ホオリは海神に言われた通りに釣針を返し、言われた通りに田を作った。
- Hoori returned the fishing hook just as the sea god told him, and he made a rice field as he was told.
- 式亭三馬『浮世風呂』、十返舎一九の『東海道中膝栗毛』などが代表的。
- The representative works are 'Ukiyo-buro' (The bathhouse of the floating world) by Sanba SHIKITEI and 'Tokai dochu hizakurige' (Travels on Foot on the Tokaido) by Ikku JUPPENSHA.
- 7月、義澄は将軍を廃され、義稙(義尹より改名)が将軍に返り咲いた。
- In July, Yoshizumi was removed from the position as the Shogun, and Yoshitane (formerly named Yoshitada) returned to the position as the Shogun.
- このような仙薬の話が、若返りの薬の発想の由来となったとも見られる。
- It can be seen that such stories of elixirs became the origin of the concept of potions that bring back youth.
- 石上神宮側から返還要請があったにもかかわらず、返していないという。
- It is said that Isonokami-jingu Shrine requested the return of these treasures, but Tatehara-jinja Shrine has not returned them yet.
- 老練な昌幸はのらりくらりと返事を先延ばしにして、時間稼ぎに徹する。
- Experienced Masayuki put off his answer inefficiently to delay the inevitable.
- 談義本・滑稽本:十返舎一九『東海道中膝栗毛』、式亭三馬『浮世風呂』
- Comical stories called dangibon and kokkeibon: 'Tokai dochu hizakurige' (Travels on Foot on the Tokaido) by Ikku JUPPENSHA, and 'Ukiyo-buro' (The Bathhouse of the Floating World) by Sanba SHIKITEI
- 3月1日、武田氏一族の穴山信君が徳川家康に通じ、織田側に寝返った。
- On March 1, 1582, Nobukimi ANAYAMA in the Takeda family contacted Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and defected to the Oda side.
- そのため、僧綱は言い返すこともできず退出した(『玉葉』30日条)。
- This made the sogo leave without a word ('Gyokuyo' article of January thirty).
- 同年夏頃に、義貞は勢いを盛り返し、斯波高経を越前北部に追い詰める。
- Yoshisada regained his strength around summer in the same year and cornered Takatsune SHIBA to the north of Echizen region.
- 『丸いメガネを返せ おりにふれての哲学』(朝日新聞社、1973年)
- 'Marui Megane o Kaese, Ori ni fureteno Tetsugaku' (Give me back round eyeglasses, Philosophy from time to time) (the Asahi Shimbun Company, 1973)
- 「しづやしづ しづのをだまき くり返し 昔を今に なすよしもがな」
- 'I remember my sweetheart call my name again and again. I wish I would go back those days.'
- 各国公使は、事の次第を本国に告げ、日本政府に繰り返し抗議を行なった。
- Ministers from various countries made repeated protests against the Japanese government while reporting what was going on to their countries.
- 徳川家は三河を完全に掌握し二俣城、高天神城を取り返すことに成功する。
- Holding total control of Mikawa, the Tokugawa family succeeded in getting back both Futamata-jo Castle and Takatenjin-jo Castle.
- 小侍従にせかされて女三宮もしかたなく返事を書き、柏木は涙にむせんだ。
- Encouraged by Kojiju, Onna san no miya who was reluctantly sent back, Kashiwagi was choked with tears.
- 翌日、八の宮から薫に贈歌があり、それを見た匂宮が代わりに返歌をする。
- The following day, Hachi no Miya sends Kaoru a poem, but Nioumiya, who happens to see it, replies to the poem instead.
- それらによって自身の辞官納地(官職・領土の返上)が決定されてしまう。
- In conclusion, the decision of these meetings resulted in; Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA being subjected to the Jikan Nochi (an order to surrender the shogunate post, including other official court rankings, governmental postings, and all of his domains, including territories ruled, to the Imperial Court).
- 義時は捕らえていた上皇の使者に宣戦布告の書状を持たせて京へ追い返す。
- Yoshitoki sent the messengers of the retired Emperor Gotoba he had captured back to the capital bearing a letter in which he declared war.
- しかし信長は、親書を届けた勅使に明確な返答をしないまま返してしまう。
- However, Nobunaga let the imperial envoy, who delivered the letter, go back without giving clear reply.
- 以後は旧領奪還を目指す石川氏と結城氏の間で激しい争いが繰り返された。
- Thereafter, fierce battles were repeated between the Ishikawa clan, which aimed to recover the former fief, and the Yuki clan.
- 南北朝時代 (日本)から戦国時代_(日本)まで内部紛争を繰り返した。
- The clan was subject to repeated internal conflicts from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) to the Warring States period (Japan).
- 4月21日、成親は早くも権中納言・右兵衛督・検非違使別当に返り咲く。
- On May 15, Narichika had already returned to Gon Chunagon, Uhyoe no kami (Captain of the Right Division of Middle Palace Guards) and Kebiishi no betto.
- その後元命と従者は大病に煩い死ぬが地蔵菩薩が助けてくれて生き返った。
- Afterwards Motonaga and his retainers were about to die from severe diseases, but Jizo Bosatsu saved their lives.
- しかし、東軍に寝返った小早川秀秋らの攻撃を受けて佐和山城は落城した。
- However, the Sawayama-jo Castle was attacked by Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA and others who switched to the East squad and it fell.
- しかし道家が死ぬと再び勢力を盛り返し、1261年には再び関白となる。
- However, Yoshizane regained his power and recaptured the position of Kanpaku in 1261.
- 一部の特急列車が停車し、また当駅折り返しの列車も多く設定されている。
- Some limited express services make a stop here and many shuttle service trains arrive at and depart from this station.
- なお、龍野藩の一揆では援軍にかけつけた赤穂藩軍が返り討ちにあっている。
- Incidentally, in the uprising in Tatsuno Domain the insurgents beat the reinforcements dispatched from Ako Domain.
- その後も難波宮へ移り、また平城京へ還って、と遷都を繰り返すようになる。
- He moved to Naniwanomiya Palace and returned to the Heijo-kyo repeatedly.
- しかし浮舟は一切を拒んで仏道に専心することのみを思い、返事すらもない。
- However Ukifune refuses everything and thinks about nothing but Buddhist training, and doesn't even reply to him.
- 新選組側より、会議の場所を提供すればそこで返却する、との回答があった。
- Then, Shinsengumi replied that they would return the deed if the Minakuchi domain were to prepare the place for the meeting.
- 9日、上洛し朝廷工作を開始するが、秀吉の大返しの報を受けて山崎に出陣。
- On July 12, he went up to Kyoto and commenced political maneuvering toward the Imperial Court, but having received a report on Hideyoshi's ogaeshi (long distance return in short time) took the field to Yamazaki.
- しかし、翌21日には増援を得た官軍が押し返し、薩軍を砂川に退却させた。
- On February 21, the reinforced government army fought back and drove off the Satsuma army to the Suna-gawa River.
- そうした流れを踏まえた上で「武士団」を振り返ってみることが重要である。
- It is important to review 'bushidan' after understanding such movements.
- 円融天皇は憂慮して、使いを東三條へ送るがろくに返答もしない有様だった。
- Emperor Enyu worried about the situation and sent a messenger to Higashi-sanjo, but Kaneie made no response.
- 三好三人衆の岩成友通らの援助を受けて徹底抗戦を図り、一旦は追い返した。
- Supported by Tomomichi IWANARI, a member of miyoshi sanninshu, he demonstrated do-or-die resistance and initially sent Nobunaga away.
- とある通り、山頭火は井月の句を繰り返し読み、思慕の情を持つようになる。
- As this article suggests, he repeatedly read Seigetsu's haiku and he was growing a deep attachment to it.
- 「悔返権」・「年紀法」の規定は武家独自の規定とされている(異説もある)。
- The regulations of 'Kuikaeshiken' (a right to take back title to property) and 'Nenkiho' (a legal principle for the statute of limitations on land in possession, which developed under bukeho) are considered as unique regulations to samurai family (there is also other theory).
- 三巌の死後、宗冬がその家督と遺領を引き継いだ(4000石は幕府に返上)。
- After Mitsuyoshi's death, Munefuyu became the successor to the Yagyu clan and inherited the property (but returned 4,000 koku to bakufu).
- 吉良は激痛でひっくり返り、「お許しを」と許しを請いながら逃げ去っていく。
- Kira fell down due to severe pain and ran away asking for forgiveness by saying 'please forgive me.'
- 『平家物語』によれば、この時、阿波重能の水軍300艘が寝返ってしまった。
- According to the 'Heike monogatari,' it was at this moment that 300 navy ships of Shigenori AWA switched sides, turning against the Taira clan.
- こうして、いったんは没落しかけた大内氏は再び勢力を盛り返すことになった。
- In this way, the Ouchi clan was able to recover their military strength and rally after being brought once to the brink of ruin.
- これにより山陽道の平氏勢力が盛り返して義仲は連敗しながら京都に帰還する。
- This led to a revival of the Taira clan forces along the Sanyo-do Road, and Yoshinaka returned to Kyoto after many losses.
- 見返りとして、日本からは銀、銅、銅銭、硫黄、刀などの工芸品が輸出された。
- In exchange, crafts such as silver, copper, copper coins, sulfur, and swords were exported from Japan.
- 明末は魏忠賢ら宦官に与する閹党と顧憲成らの東林党が党争を繰り返していた。
- At the end of the Ming period, the Yang Dang faction, which sided with eunuchs including Wei Zhongxian, repeatedly came into conflict with the Dongling faction, including Gu Xiancheng.
- これに対し小村寿太郎は、「この行為は戦争を意味するものではない」と返答。
- Jutaro KOMURA said, in replied to Minister Rosen that '[this action does not mean war.'
- 幾何学文様の繰り返しに留まらず、江里自身の創造による文様に取り組んでいる
- She incorporated not only geometrical patterns but her own patterns derived from her imagination.
- その後、和歌や恋文をしきりに贈るが3年たっても小宰相は返事をしなかった。
- After that, he sent her waka poems and love letters at brief intervals; however, over a period of 3 years, Kozaisho never replied to him.
- 戦闘では大友貞載、塩冶高貞らの寝返りにより、宮方が敗北し、京へ敗退する。
- In the battle, the standing army for the imperial court was defeated after betrayals by Sadanori (also known as Sadatoshi) OTOMO and Takasada ENYA, and he then ran away to Kyoto.
- 家の門から道までの歩数を決めていて、これが合わないと何度でも繰り返した。
- He determined the number of footsteps from the gate of his house to a road, and he kept going back and forth between his house and the road until he could reach the road with the right number of footsteps.
- 丹後では武田氏・細川氏配下の武将が所領返還を行おうとせず、合戦となった。
- In Tango, busho (Japanese military commander) under the Takeda clan and Hosokawa clan did not return the fief and a battle occurred.
- 通常はすべて線内折り返し運転となっており、昼間は10分おきの運転である。
- Generally, a shuttle service is operated during the daytime, with all trains running at 10-minute intervals.
- しかし、現在では元の所有者に返され、多くの紙幣収集家の手元に納まっている。
- But such notes were returned to the former owners, and were sold to many paper money collecters.
- 翌応永24年元日の世谷原の戦いで氏憲軍が江戸・豊島連合軍を破り、押し返す。
- In the following year of 1417, the Battle of Seyahara on the New Year's Day, Ujinori's troops rallied as they defeated the united force of the Edo and Toshima clans.
- 『著聞集』によれば、同官で越階された藤原実長を越え返すためであったという。
- According to the 'Chomonju' (Collected Anecdotes (Ancient and Modern)) this was in order to surpass FUJIWARA no Sanenaga, who in turn had risen beyond him in rank while working in the same department.
- 弟子たちはもしかしたら、とそのまま置いておくと、三日後に興義は生き返った。
- The disciples wonder and leave the dead alone, and three days later Kogi recovers consciousness.
- 胤義からの密書を受けた三浦義村は使者を追い返し、直ちに密書を幕府に届けた。
- Yoshimura MIURA, after receiving the secret message from Taneyoshi, chased off the messenger and immediately sent the secret message on to the shogunate.
- 泰時は途中で鎌倉へ引き返し、天皇が自ら兵を率いた場合の対処を義時に尋ねた。
- Before he had gone too far, Yasutoki turned back to Kamakura to consult with Yoshitoki about how to proceed if the Emperor were to lead his forces personally.
- 首級の確認は、寝返りした、または捕虜となった敵方に確認させることもあった。
- The validation of a severed head was also sometimes made by a prisoner of war or an enemy combatant turncoat.
- 彼らは使者となった明雲・僧綱らを追い返すと神輿を放置して分散してしまった。
- They sent back Myoun and Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs), who were envoys, and dispersed leaving the mikoshi behind.
- その後、元服し鎌倉幕府御家人となった重貞は郷司職の返還を兄に対して求めた。
- Afterward, Shigesada, who had become a gokenin (shogunal retainers) of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after reaching the manhood, asked his older brother to return the position of Goshi shiki.
- 幕末に官位官位相当表に至るが、明治維新後一旦返上し改めて従七位に叙される。
- He was ranked in the official court ranking in the end of Edo period but he returned the award after the Meiji Restoration, which he was then promoted to Jushichii (Junior Seventh Rank).
- しかし、義貫の遺臣はその後も一色家嫡流の復興を訴え、各地で蜂起を繰り返す。
- Even after that, however, ishin (retainer set adrift by the downfall of his lord) of Yoshitsura repeatedly rose up in revolt in various places asking for restoration of the direct line of descents of the Isshiki family.
- 約1ヶ月にわたる協議の末、幕府は返答を出し、アメリカの開国要求を受け入れた。
- After about a month of discussions, the Shogunate at last accepted America's demand for the opening of Japan to the world.
- 当時、慶勝は徳川慶喜の辞官納地問題に際し、領地返上に反対の立場をとっていた。
- In those days, Yoshikatsu took the stance to oppose to giving up the territories on Jikan nochi (an order for surrendering the Shogunate post and domains to the Imperial Court) of Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA.
- 取締の対象であり、捕まった野非人は元の居所に返されるか、抱非人に編入された。
- Nobinin who was under control and captured was returned to original place or transferred to Kakae-Hinin's place.
- これを繰り返しているとホデリは降参し、ホオリに仕えて昼夜お守りすると言った。
- As this was repeated Hoderi surrendered, and he said he would serve Hoori and protect him day and night.
- 『万葉集』の中で「月夜見」は、若返りの霊水「をち水」を持つ者として登場する。
- In 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), 'Tsukuyomi' appears as someone that has mystical water 'ochimizu' that brings back youth.
- オオナムヂが生き返ったことを知った八十神は、またオオナムヂを殺すことにした。
- On hearing that Onamuji revived, Yasogami tried to kill him again.
- 直義は三河国に駐在し、乱の報告を京都に伝えると同時に成良親王を返還している。
- Naoyoshi stayed in Mikawa Province, sent a report on the war to Kyoto and sent back Imperial Prince Nariyoshi.
- 実際、干支は暦法に依存せずに60の周期で単純に繰り返すので簡易に計算できる。
- In fact, since the Oriental zodiac cycle just repeats itself in cycles of 60 days without associating itself to any calendar, the calculation is very simple.
- 驚いた頼長はただちに法皇に多子の立后を求めるが、明確な返答は得られなかった。
- Yorinaga was surprised to hear that, and immediately asked the Cloistered Emperor for Masaruko to be enthroned as an empress; a clear answer was not obtained.
- 最盛期は元禄で、その後は幾度かの盛衰を繰り返したものの、あまり栄えなかった。
- Shimabara was at its peak during the Genroku era, and with rises and falls, afterwards, ceased to flourish.
- 翌29日、官軍は兵を返して高岡に向かう途中で赤坂の険を破り、高岡を占領した。
- On the next day, July 29, the government army moved the soldiers towards Takaoka by breaking through the dangerous pass at Akasaka on the way to Takaoka, and seized Takaoka.
- 更に同日、大垣城にいた秀吉は大岩山砦等の陣所の落城を知り、直ちに軍を返した。
- Furthermore, that same day, Hideyoshi at Ogaki-jo Castle sent his forces back immediately after receiving the news of the fall of Oiwayama Fort and several of his other camps.
- その報を受けた上杉景勝は急遽、春日山城に引き返す必要に迫られることとなった。
- Informed of the invasion, Kagekatsu UESUGI was forced to quickly return to Kasugayama-jo Castle.
- 朝廷側が要求を拒否して使者を追い返したことから延暦寺大衆の動きが激しくなる。
- After the Imperial-Court refused the appeal and sent back the envoy, the movement of daishu of Enryaku-ji Temple intensified.
- しかし、返事がないため三浦宅に行こうと裏山に登ったところで三浦の討手に遭遇。
- However, since there was no response, he climbed the hill at the back to visit the residence of Miura and encountered the pursuer of Miura.
- 後醍醐天皇は隠岐島より脱出後、流人16人を召し返され嫡男判官貞元が参勤した。
- Later, Emperor Godaigo escaped from Oki no Shima Island, and called the 16 exiled kugyo back into service; Sadamoto, Sadaoku's heir who was a hangan (judge), joined in place of his father.
- 激怒した北朝方から正秀らに朝敵討伐令が出されると、比叡山は北朝方に寝返った。
- When the enraged Northern Court issued a proscription against Masahide, Mt. Hiei switched sides and allied itself with the Northern Court.
- 新選組より田代某という人物が、密かに加納処分役に任命されたが返り討ちとなる。
- Though a certain Tashiro was secretly assigned the role to get rid of Kano, Tashiro was killed by Kano when he attacked Kano.
- ここでは、関連する正税返却帳(しょうぜいへんきゃくちょう)についても解説する。
- In here, the related shozei henkyakucho (registers recording tax income allocation to the provinces) shall be also described.
- このことを根拠に「光秀は恩を仇で返した愚か者」と酷評する歴史研究家も存在する。
- Some historians criticize Mitsuhide for this by saying 'Mitsuhide is a fool who returned evil for good.'
- これに焦った義栄も巻き返しを図り、翌年初めには同じ従五位下左馬頭に任じられた。
- Alarmed by this appointment, Yoshihide attempted a rollback, and early in the following year was appointed to the same status, Samanokami with a rank of Jugoinoge.
- 能登は守護の畠山氏が遊佐氏や長氏らの重臣たちの専横に苦しみ、内紛を繰り返した。
- In Noto, shugo, the Hatakeyama clan, was annoyed by high-handedness by senior vassals, such as the Yusa clan, Cho clan and so on, and internal conflicts were repeated.
- 豊受大神と名が似ている飯豊天皇は、その揺り返しの中で政務を執った可能性もある。
- It might have been under this movement that the Emperor Iitoyo, who has a similar name to the Toyouke no Okami, took the governance.
- これは娘の手白香皇女も、傍系出身の継体天皇の皇后となった事で繰り返されている。
- This tactics was used again when his daughter Tashiraka no himemiko married Emperor Keitai who was in a collateral line.
- 翌年、九州に落ちた尊氏が力を盛り返して上洛してくると、義貞と共に北陸に逃れた。
- The following year, when Takauji regained his political power, after once escaping to Kyushu, and then returned to Kyoto, he escaped to Hokuriku with Yoshisada.
- 略儀には紅生絹の引き返し仕立て(裾口を折山にして、表裏一続きの生地でしたてる。
- In semi-formal style, it was a light pink color with plain silk and made by 'Hikikaeshi jitate.' (the outside and inside of the sleeves were made with one piece of fabric
- 政府は何度も華族財政を救済する施策をとったが、華族の身分を返上する家も現れた。
- The government took measures many times to rescue the finances of kazoku, however, some kazoku even gave up retaining the kazoku statuses.
- 関ヶ原の合戦では当初は西軍につくが、主戦場で小早川秀秋に同調して東軍に寝返る。
- In the Battle of Sekigahara, he initially fought for the Western Camp, but later, on the main battle field, he followed Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA's example and defected to the Eastern Camp.
- 天文24年・弘治元年(1555年)、信濃国善光寺の栗田鶴寿が武田方に寝返った。
- In 1555, Kakuju KURITA at Zenko-ji Temple in Shinano Province changed his position to the Takeda side.
- しかし宝永3年(1706年)「所労」を理由に東山天皇に官位官職を返上して出た。
- However, in 1706, he returned the official rank and government post to Emperor Higashiyama due to fatigue.
- 安元元年(1175年)11月12日には右衛門督となり検非違使別当に返り咲いた。
- On January 2, 1176, Tokitada became Uemon no kami and was reappointed Kebiishi no betto.
- 735年(天平7年)3月10日 (旧暦) - 廣成、唐から帰り節刀を返上する。
- On April 11, 735 or March 10 on the old calendar, Hironari came back from Tang and returned the sword.
- 外国事務局からその通報の無かった警備の土佐藩兵はこれを阻み、中途で引き返させた。
- The security officer of the Tosa Domain, who was not informed of the party from a foreign affairs office, blocked them and forced them to retreat.
- だが、条約改正の実施に伴って、1899年各地の居留地は一斉に回収(返還)された。
- However, with the revision of the treaties, all of the settlements in Japan were restored to Japanese sovereignty together in 1899.
- 後に、正統伝承者である三条西公国(実枝の子)、その子三条西実条に返し伝授をする。
- Later, he passed the secret knowledge on to its legitimate successors, Kinkuni SANJONISHI (the son of Saneki SANJONISHI) and his son Saneeda SANJONISHI.
- しかし後に家持の無罪を訴えた伴氏(大伴氏)宗家の伴善男が返還を強引に実現させた。
- However, they were returned forcibly as a result of appeal of Iemochi's innocence by Yoshio TOMONO who was of the head of the Tomono clan (the Otomo clan).
- 京都七条銭座は上納した47,750貫文を返還請求できず大損害を被ることとなった。
- Zeniza in Kyoto Shichijo was unable to request return of 47,750 kanmon that they had already paid, causing damage on large scale.
- どんな不老不死の薬も、(若返りの手段という点で)この妻にはかなわないからである。
- Because even elixirs of life are nothing compared with this wife (in their powers of rejuvenation).
- その声は、「松山の浪にながれてこし船のやがてむなしくなりにけるかな」と返歌する。
- An ode in reply says, 'I drifted with the waves to this far Matsuyama. I could not paddle back to Kyo to be an ogre under a foreign sky.'
- そこで二条通りに直心影流道場を開いている戸田栄之助を通じ、証文の返却を依頼した。
- The Minakuchi domain asked Shinsengumi to return the deed, through Einosuke TODA who had a swordsmanship training hall of Jikishinkage-ryu school in Nijo-dori Street.
- 6月17日に巨済島を出航したが逆風ですぐに引き返し、6月19日に再出航している。
- On June 17, the invasion fleet set sail from Geoje island, but the headwind soon drove them back, leading to a second departure on June 19.
- また、鋳型は繰り返し使用するうちに傷み、次第に銭影がぼやけ、銭名が読めなくなる。
- After repeated use of molds, they become damaged, and the impressions on the coins become illegible due to the gradual wear of the impression of the original coin.
- また、折り返し専用の2番線に関してはホーム延長せずにそのまま使用停止となる予定。
- The use of Platform 2, which is employed only for the returning trains, will be stopped.
- 折り返し運転には260形261-262号車と600形607-608が使用された。
- Model 260 cars of 261-262 and model 600 cars of 607-608 were used for the above shuttle operation.
- 大阪方面からの当駅折り返し列車は、原則として丸太町寄りの引上線に入って折り返す。
- Shuttle trains from Osaka are, as a rule, turn around using the lead tracks located toward Jingu-marutamachi Station.
- 摂津の民話では、しばしば実家に帰った話や、実家に帰ったが追い返された話などがある。
- There are a number of folk legends in Settsu concerning what became of him, including that he returned to his parents' home once more, or that he tried to return there only to be driven away.
- これを帰り梅雨(かえりづゆ、返り梅雨とも書く)または戻り梅雨(もどりづゆ)と呼ぶ。
- It is called 'kaerizuyu' (it is written as '返り梅雨' instead of '帰り梅雨') or 'modorizuyu.'
- つまり264年間に渡って江戸幕府(徳川将軍家)が保持していた政権を朝廷に返上した。
- Thereby power maintained by the Edo Shogunate (Tokugawa Shogunate Family) for 264 years was returned to the Imperial Court.
- 細川澄元も屋敷を襲われ、一旦近江甲賀郡に逃走するが国人の力を借りて勢力を盛り返す。
- Although Sumimoto HOSOKAWA's residence was also attacked and Sumimoto once escaped to Koga-gun Omi Province, he gained strength back with the help of Kokujin (local samurai).
- しかし、いっこうに返還されないばかりか、兄の康貞は実子に所職を譲度してしまったた。
- However, so far from returning the position to Shigesada, his brother Yasusada transferred it to his son.
- 更に、鎌倉の留守を守っていた三浦時高が守備を放棄して退き、寝返って鎌倉へ攻め込んだ。
- In addition, Tokitaka MIURA who had defended Kamakura as a caretaker deserted the service and withdrew to attack Kamakura, changing sides.
- 五月雨の頃、蛍兵部卿宮から玉鬘 (源氏物語)に文が届き、源氏はそれに返事を書かせた。
- Around the time of the early summer rains, a letter arrived for Tamakazura from Hotaru Hyobukyonomiya, so Genji had her write a reply.
- そこで豊雄は自分の傘を貸し、後日返してもらいに女、県の真女児の家に伺うことになった。
- So Toyoo lends his umbrella to the woman, and a few days later he is going to visit a house of AGATA no Manago for the umbrella.
- 三河に帰り光秀を討とうと出陣し、熱田神宮まで来たが山崎の戦いの報を聞き、引き返した。
- After coming back to Mikawa Province, he departed to kill Mitsuhide, but when he arrived at the Atsuta-jingu Shrine, he heard about the Battle of Yamazaki and went back.
- 日本は大軍で繰り返し遠征し、征夷大将軍坂上田村麻呂が胆沢城と志波城を築いて征服した。
- Japan repeatedly set forth on expeditions with large armies, and eventually SAKANOUE no Tamuramaro, the seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), subdued the enemy by building the Isawa and Shiwa castles.
- 一方、朝廷・公家側も室町幕府に対して民衆の要求を拒絶するように政治工作を繰り返した。
- On the other hand, the Imperial Court and nobles repeated political measures to have the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) reject the people's demands.
- 時頼はその動きに先んじて九条親子を失脚させるとともに雅成親王を但馬高屋に送り返した。
- Tokiyori brought Kujo's father and son down ahead of their action and sent Imperial Prince Masanari back to Takaya, Tajima Province.
- が、その後も成徳・廬龍もまた朝廷に領地を返還し、ここに河朔三鎮平定も成ったのである。
- However, after his death, Chengde and Lulong also surrendered their territories, and thus pacification of Kasaku Sanchin was accomplished.
- 徳川家康率いる東軍は、下野国小山市において三成ら西軍の挙兵を知って、軍を西に返した。
- The Eastern Camp led by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA came to know the rise of the Western Camp of Mitsunari and others in Oyama City, Shimotsuke Province and returned the army to the west.
- また立法府である左院(のち元老院)・右院や地方官会議なども設置・廃止が繰り返された。
- Moreover, the Council of the Left (later, the Chamber of Elders) and Right, which were the legislature, and the Council of the local officers were repeatedly established and abolished.
- 朝鮮通信使のそもそもの趣旨は室町幕府征夷大将軍からの使者と国書に対する返礼であった。
- Chosen Tsushinshi originally started as a return call for an envoy and message dispatched by Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to Korea.
- 後醍醐は再三帰洛命令を出すが尊氏は無視し、義貞を非難する文書を送り返すだけであった。
- Although the Emperor Godaigo repeatedly ordered Takauji to return to Kyoto, Takauji ignored it and just sent a document criticizing Yoshisada back to him.
- しかし、側近の中川清秀と高山右近が信長方に寝返ったために戦況は圧倒的に不利となった。
- However, the situation became decidedly disadvantageous because his close aides, Kiyohide NAKAGAWA and Ukon TAKAYAMA, deserted to Nobunaga's side.
- 朝長の首は守役だった大谷忠太が奪い返し、駿河国袋井三川(現静岡県袋井市)に埋葬した。
- Chuta OTANI struggled for the return of Tomonaga's head (which served as a talisman) to be buried at Fukuroi-Mikawa in Suruga Province (present day Fukuroi City, Shizuoka Prefecture).
- 戦後は東軍に寝返って小野木重次を攻撃し、のち藤孝の取りなしもあって所領を安堵された。
- After the war, he deserted to the East Squad and attacked Shigetsugu ONOGI and, later, partly because of Fujitaka's intervention, he was allowed to keep his territory.
- 快速列車と区間快速のそれぞれ一部が当駅で折り返す(上り区間快速はこの駅までの設定)。
- Some of the rapid trains and regional rapid trains return to this station (it is set so that the operation of the inbound rapid trains provide service up to this station).
- これを察知した福島城兵の永井善左衛門が伏兵を討ち取ったため、政宗は白石まで引き返した。
- Masamune returned to Shiraishi because his ambushes were killed by Zenzaemon NAGAI, a member of the Fukushima-jo Castle garrison who sensed the invasion.
- 密勅の返納に反対する藩士は城下を離れて街道を封鎖し脱藩、後に井伊直弼の襲撃を計画する。
- Feudal retainers of the domain left the castle town and blocked roads and left the domain, and later organized an attack against Naosuke II.
- イザナミは「黄泉の国の食べ物を食べてしまったので、生き返ることはできません」と答えた。
- Izanami answered: 'I cannot come back to life because I have already eaten food of the Yominokuni.'
- 五七七を2回繰り返した6句からなり、上三句と下三句とで詠み手の立場がことなる歌が多い。
- The Sedoka consists of six lines where the pattern of five/seven/seven syllables is repeated twice, and the first three lines and the last three lines were often written by different people.
- 後に摂関家伝来の所領や忠実所有の所領の多くは藤原忠通が継承することを条件に返還された。
- Later the large parts of territories which were originally belonged to Sekkan-ke (the line of regents and advisers) and Tadasane were returned on the condition that they were inherited by FUJIWARA no Tadamichi.
- 25日早朝、清盛は信頼に名簿を提出して恭順の意を示し、婿に迎えていた信親を送り返した。
- Early in the morning of February 11, Kiyomori submitted a register of names to Nobuyori, tantamount to a pledge of allegiance, and also returned Nobuchika, who had come to him as a son-in-law, unharmed.
- これに従う福富秀勝は比類なき功績を打ち立てた」という返事を清秀に出した(6月5日付)。
- And Hidekatsu FUKUTOMI, who followed them, has made an unparalleled achievement' (dated June 5).
- しかし建武政権は武家の支持を得られず、北条一族の残党などは各地で蜂起を繰り返していた。
- However, the Kenmu government failed to gain the support of samurai and the remnants of the Hojo clan repeatedly revolted against the government at various places.
- 年爵や内官(京官)は収入が多く、推挙の見返りとして被任命者から送られる収入も多かった。
- Those who were granted nenshaku and naikan (kyokan) enjoyed a large income from their position as well from appointees in exchange for recommendations.
- 江戸中期を過ぎると、句点・返り点・送り仮名、さらには振り仮名をほどこしたものも現れる。
- After the mid Edo period, some Teikin Orai containing kuten (punctuation marks), kaeriten (signs to indicate reading order), okurigana (hiragana to accompany kanji), and furigana (hiragana to show pronunciation) started to be seen.
- また、金銀で彩色された表紙や見返しには唐絵や大和絵の手法によって装飾画が描かれている。
- Decorative pictures are painted on the covers colored in gold or silver, and on the end leaf of the scroll, using the method of Yamato-e painting.
- その一方で榎本健一と入江たか子主演の人情喜劇『人生とんぼ返り』のような作品も手掛けた。
- In contrast, Imai also created films such as 'Jinsei tonbo-gaeri' (Life Is like a Somersault), a humane comedy featuring Kenichi ENOMOTO and Takako IRIE.
- その後、毎年あるいは年に2回と渡航を繰り返し、中国の様々な文物を日本に持ち帰っている。
- He visited Qing once or twice every year after that and brought back various cultural products to Japan.
- 饗応の際に相好を崩して「千両千両」と繰り返したという逸話が、数多く言い伝えられている。
- There are a lot of anecdotes that have been handed down for generations that he repeated 'Senryo, senryo' beaming his face with a smile when he was invited to a banquet.
- それを源氏の家人、上総介八郎弘常が引き返して来て馬から降りて、その法師と打立ち合った。
- Just when he drew close to Yoshitaka to attack, a senior member amongst the Minamoto clan dependents Hirotsune HACHIRO, Kazusa no suke, retraced his steps, dismounted his horse, and faced off with the priest.
- 後でそれを知った髭黒も涙し、宮家を訪れて対面を願ったが、返されたのは息子たちだけだった。
- When Higekuro later saw it, he cried, and visited the Miya's family to see her, but only his sons were given back to him.
- 月は新月から上弦の月、満月、下弦の月、新月...という満ち欠けのループを繰り返している。
- The moon repeats the cycle of waxing and waning through the new moon, waxing moon, full moon, waning moon and then the new moon.
- また、親が悔返権を行使した場合でも事後における幕府への報告義務はあったと考えられている。
- It is thought that even when parents used their right of Kuikaeshi, they were obliged to report to the Shogunate afterward.
- 照手姫から返事を受け取るや、小栗は10人の家来とともに、照手姫のもとに強引に婿入りする。
- On receiving a reply from the Princess Terute, Oguri went to the Princess Terute with 10 of his retainers and forced her to have a matrilocal marriage.
- さらに会議で徳川慶喜に対し内大臣の官位辞退と領地の一部返上(辞官納地)の要求を決定した。
- Moreover, at an assembly, it was decided to make the demand (jikan-nochi) that Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA resign from the position of inner minister (naidaijin)and return a part of his domain.
- 屋島の戦いの後も、瀬戸内海を中心に小規模な戦闘が続いて両者とも一進一退を繰り返していた。
- After the Battle of Yashima, skirmishes continued to occur in the Seto Inland Sea and the battle front went back and forth.
- 天皇は皇子が話せるようになったことを知って喜び、菟上王を出雲に返して大神の宮を造らせた。
- The Emperor, who was delighted to know that the Prince was able to speak, ordered Unakami no o to go back to Izumo and construct a new Okami's shrine
- 「それでは人的戦力を消耗する一方ではないか?」と質問して担当将校を返答に窮させたという。
- Therefore, he put a question to the officer, saying 'I think the suicide squad only results in the waste of manpower resources,' which embarrassed the officer in finding the answer.
- - 新羅の貢調使の知万が唐国の服を着て筑紫国に着いたので、その変更をとがめて追い返した。
- - Chima, the envoy bringing tributes from Silla, arrived at Tsukushi Province in Tang costume – the change was condemned and he was driven back.
- これに対し石井良助は、荘園公領を本主・国司へ返還させることが宣旨の主目的だったと唱えた。
- In contrast, Ryosuke ISHII advances that the main purpose of the decree was to return the shoen and the koryo to honshu (proprietor or guarantor of manor) and kokushi (provincial governors).
- 文明 (日本)6年(1478年)頃からはほぼ毎年、因幡在国と上洛を繰り返すようになった。
- From around 1478, Suketsuna repeated this trip nearly every year, traveling to Inaba Province and then returning to Kyoto.
- これを聞いて小宰相は返事もできずに泣き伏し、夜が明けるまで起き上がることもできなかった。
- Having heard this, Kozaisho could not respond to it; she was dissolved in tears and she could not get up by the time dawn broke.
- 6月に入ると比叡山は東西から繰り返し攻められるが、新田義貞等の奮闘により防衛に成功する。
- In early June, Mt. Hiei was repeatedly attacked by enemy forces on the east and west sides of the mountain but it was successfully defended thanks to strenuous efforts of the allies including Yoshisada Nitta.
- 元亀年間(1570年~1573年)には武田氏の三河への侵入を契機に武田氏に寝返っていた。
- During Genki period (1570 - 1573) the incursion by the Takeda clan into Mikawa Province led him to switch sides to the Takeda clan.
- 宝永3年(1706年)、兄公香が官位官職を返上する事件があり、かわって今出川家を継いだ。
- In 1706, his brother, Kinyoshi, returned the official rank and government post, therefore, instead of his brother, he succeeded the family name.
- 木津方に引き上げ線1本があり、朝ラッシュ時の列車折り返しと夜間の列車留置に使われている。
- A side track is provided in the direction of Kizu and is used to change the direction of the returning trains and to store trains in the nighttime hours.
- これを村岡は「家康こと元信の亡き数正に対する意趣返しではないのであろうか」と推定している。
- MURAOKA suggests that Motonobu may have exacted this punishment in revenge for the late Kazumasa.
- また、分家が本家を相続するなどして改易され分知領が本家に返されても本家の表高は変化しない。
- Also, omote-daka of the head family did not change even when the samurai status of the branch family was changed due to succeeding the head family and its territory was returned to it.
- 権利が認められるとその上申書の余白に権利を認める旨の書き込みが行われて上申者に返却された。
- If the right was recognized, the superior wrote that he or she certified the petitioner's entitlement in the margin of the report and the document was returned to the petitioner.
- しかし、警察を運営する資金調達に難航したことから、居留地会は神奈川奉行に警察権を返上した。
- The Settlement Party ran into difficulties raising funds to cover the administration and operation of a police force, however, so they relinquished their police powers to the magistrate of Kanagawa.
- 以上が宗良親王に提出された部分だと推定され、この後には宗良親王からの返書が収録されている。
- It is conjectured that these poems were the ones submitted to Imperial Prince Munenaga, and there is an answer from him after these poems.
- 義経は腰越状を書いて頼朝へ許しを乞うが、同年6月に宗盛父子とともに京へ追い返されてしまう。
- Yoshitsune wrote his famous Koshigoe Letter and asked Yoritomo's forgiveness, but the following month he was sent off back to the capital with Munemori and his son in tow.
- 明徳3年(1392年)、南朝の後亀山天皇との和睦が成立し、神器は返還され南北朝合体が実現。
- In 1392, peace was established with Emperor Gokameyama of the Southern Court and with the return of the Sacred Treasures, the Northern and Southern Courts were integrated.
- 後には新任の大臣が就任直前に上表を行い、第三度の表の返却を受けるまで繰り返す事例が現れた。
- Later, when a newly appointed minister was to take up his new position, he was expected to present Johyo just before that and he had to do it until it was returned to him three times.
- 大正8年(1919年)には当主桑原孝長が人妻を射殺する事件を起こし、ついに爵位を返上した。
- In 1919, the head of the family, Takanaga KUWABARA, shot someone else's wife, and ultimately the peerage was given up.
- こうした交易の制限を巡る軋轢が繰返される中、宗氏は不満を募らせ三浦の乱の一因となっていく。
- Dissatisfaction was growing at the So clan due to a number of conflicts over the trade restrictions, and that became one of the triggers for the Sanpo War.
- 秀吉は毛利方と和睦を結び、清水宗治の切腹を見届けた後、明智光秀を討つために軍を京へ返した。
- Hideyoshi made a peace treaty with Mori, and after he confirmed the seppuku of Muneharu SHIMIZU, sent his troops back to Kyoto to beat Mitsuhide AKECHI.
- やがて、平家は勢力を盛り返して、讃岐国屋島に仮の内裏を置き、そして摂津国福原まで進出する。
- Soon after that the Taira clan took the political power back and built a tentative Imperial Palace in Yashima, in Sanuki Province, they went into Fukuhara, in Settsu Province.
- しかし弟の成人後も所職を返還せず、実子の重久に譲渡してしまったために鎌倉幕府に訴えられた。
- However, without returning the position even after his younger brother reached manhood, Yasusada transferred the position to his son Shigehisa, so that he was sued in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 朝長はひとり信濃へ向かうが、傷が悪化してどうにも進めなくなり、やむなく青墓宿へ引き返した。
- Tomonaga headed off alone towards Shinano; however, the condition of his wound deteriorated, and try as he may he could not progress and was forced to return to the lodgings at Aobaka.
- 普通列車については当駅で折り返すか、当駅で列車番号が変更され増結・切り離しする場合が多い。
- Many local trains shuttle back and forth at this station or change their train numbers and couple or split cars.
- 義和団では、それらが乗り移った者は、刀はおろか銃弾すら跳ね返すような不死身になると喧伝した。
- The Boxers declared that the people who possessed them became immortal beings who could repel not only swords but bullets too.
- 9月2日、能員は北条氏へ巻き返しを図るべく、若狭局を通じて病床の頼家に北条氏の専断を訴えた。
- On October 15, Yoshikazu planned to retaliate against the Hojo clan and appealed to Yoriie in his sickbed through Wakasa no Tsubone about the Hojo's arbitrary decision.
- 定家は跋に「返々も窓のほかに出され侍まじ」と記して子孫に対してこの書の門外不出を求めている。
- Teika left a note in the end of the book, 'Make sure not to take this book outside the window' which instructed his future generations never to allow the book to be taken out of the house.
- 薫は中の君と匂宮を結婚させんことをはかり、自らはを大君に想いを告げるが彼女の返答はつれない。
- Kaoru tries to arrange a marriage between Naka no Kimi and Niou Miya, while he himself confesses his love for Oigimi, but is refused.
- これに呼応して苦戦していた中川・高山両隊も明智軍を押し返し、こうして明智軍は総崩れとなった。
- Acting in concert, Nakagawa's and Takayama's corps so far fighting an uphill battle forced back Akechi's troops, who then broke into a stampede.
- 朝廷などで公私の用向きに充てる新規の和紙や中古和紙である漉返紙(宿紙)などの製造にあたった。
- It produced new paper for public or private use in the Imperial Court, and recycled paper called sukigaeshi-gami (paper made from dissolved old paper), or shuku-gami.
- 薩軍は塁を捨てて後退したが、鵬翼隊三番中隊左小隊の活躍により塁を取り返し、銃器・弾薬を得た。
- The Satsuma army retreated, abandoning the fort, but the left platoon of the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop succeeded in regaining the fort and obtained firearms and ammunition.
- 芹沢は二三度追い返すが、ある日、借金の催促に来たお梅を部屋に連れ込んで手ごめにしてしまった。
- Serizawa shooed her away 2 or 3 times, but one day, he took Oume, who came to ask for the payment, into a room and had a physical relationship with her.
- 島津忠恒ははじめ1000石を授けようとしたが、重位は思うところあって600石を返還している。
- Tadatsune SHIMAZU initially gave Chui 1000 koku but, for some reason, Chui returned 600 koku.
- 大永6年には梨の木平で北条氏綱勢を破っているが、以後も北条方との争いは一進一退を繰り返した。
- Although he beat the force lead by Ujitsuna HOJO at the Nashinokidaira in 1526, the battle against the Hojo clan went back and forth at each other.
- しかし、1486年(文明18年)に月山富田城は経久の奇襲により奪い返されてしまったとされる。
- However, in 1486, following a surprise attack by Tsunehisa, Gassan-Toda Castle was recaptured.
- 西坂本まで下っていた大衆は「敵を討っていただいたことは喜ばしい」と、清盛に返礼を述べている。
- The group of priests, who were in Nishisakamoto at the time, expressed their thanks to Kiyomori, telling him they were 'grateful to have had our enemy avenged.'
- 播磨国三木合戦においては、敵に討たれた父の仇をその場で討って遺骸を奪い返す等の武勲を立てた。
- In the Battle of Miki-jo Castle in Harima Province, he performed meritorious deeds; for example, he killed the enemy who killed his father and took back the body of his father.
- 1987年(昭和62年)7月15日 - 浸水事故で七条以北が終日運休、七条駅で折り返し運転。
- July 15, 1987: Operations north of Shichijo were suspended for the entire day due to inundation, and shuttle service operated with Shichijo Station as a turnaround station.
- 更に上杉景勝が2万ばかりの大軍で境目まで出張するという報に接して驚き、早々に引き返していった。
- He hurried away because he was surprised with the further news that Kagekatsu UESUGI traveled to the boarder with the massive army of 20,000 soldiers.
- その際、大名たちの歓心を得るために、布教の見返りに南蛮貿易や武器の援助などを提示した者もいる。
- In order to win favor with these daimyo, and in return for permission to proselytize, some missionaries agreed both to support Japan's trade with Spain and Portugal and to provide them with weapons.
- この時、江戸市民の中にはこれまでのお返しとばかりに犬を蹴飛ばしたりしていじめる者もいたという。
- It is said that at that time some residents of Edo kicked and mistreated dogs to make up for all the times they had been unable to up till then.
- 神戸の外国人居留地が日本に返還されたのは、不平等条約改正後の明治32年(1899年)であった。
- The foreign settlement in Kobe was restored to Japanese sovereignty in 1899 following the revision of the unequal treaties.
- とある如く、いずれの歌にも年老いた者を若返らせる「をち水」を求める切実な心が詠み込まれている。
- As it can be seen from above, each poem expresses an earnest desire to seek 'ochimizu' that brings back youth to an aged person.
- 出挙(すいこ):官稲を春に貸し出し、秋に利子をつけて返納させたもの、後に強制化し租税となった。
- Suiko: it is a system of lending rice owned by the officials to a farmer in spring and collecting the rice with interest in autumn, which later became compulsory public rice credit tax.
- 承久の乱の折、幕府に没収された時期もあったが、後に返還され、1251年後深草天皇に譲与された。
- The territory was temporarily seized by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) during the Jokyu War, but later returned and handed over to Emperor Gofukakusa in 1251.
- 皇籍離脱後は山階氏を名乗るが、その後も入退院を繰り返し、昭和62年8月に藤沢の病院で逝去した。
- After the secession from the Imperial Family, he declared himself Mr. Yamashina, however, he was repeatedly hospitalized and passed away in a hospital in Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture in August, 1987.
- 尹賢は高国の大物崩れの戦いでの顛末を知り、細川晴元側に寝返ろうとしたものの許されず殺害された。
- Tadakata found out the detail of Takakuni in Daimotsu kuzure (the Battle of Daimotsu), and tried to switch side to Harumoto HOSOKAWA, but was not forgiven and killed.
- 先鋒の朝倉景鏡を押し返すなど健闘を見せるが、浅井対馬・玄蕃の2千に側面から攻撃を仕掛けられる。
- Although Yoshinari's forces fought bravely by pushing back Kageakira ASAKURA who led the allied forces, they were attacked on the flank by 2,000 soldiers from the Genba and Tsushima ASAI armies.
- その後、政を経て太政官符などの形となったものが弁官に返されて官符に必要な請印(押印)を行った。
- Later, after the Sei, those that have become Dajokanpu (official documents issued by Dajokan) are returned to the Benkan, who then perform the shoin (a ceremony to seal documents issued by the government) which was necessary for the kanpu (official documents).
- このときは、持っていたマイクで殴り返す奮迅ぶりを示した(のちに互いに反省文を書き送り合った)。
- Oshima beat him back with the microphone in his hand (they later wrote essays repenting their misdeeds to each other).
- 2個の足の指は、彼女の死後聖堂に返され、さらに1902年そのうちの1個がザビエル城に移された。
- Two toes were returned to the church after her death, and one of them was transferred to Xavier Castle in 1902.
- 今日此表ニ而者三百餘人、此内馬上百騎計討捕、福嶋之虎口江追入、無残所手際ニ而、國見江打返陣取候。
- Today, we killed 300 soldiers including 100 horsemen and returned to the headquarters in Mt. Kunimi without any regret after pushing the enemy into the entrance of the Fukushima.
- 6月11日には毛里田村の農民らが足尾を訪れるが、古河側は自身に責任はないという主張を繰り返した。
- On June 11, the peasants of Morita Village visited Ashio, however the Furukawa side just repeatedly disclaimed any responsibility for the damages.
- 大野がやむを得ず引き返したところ、同じく陸軍奉行添役の安富才助から歳三の戦死を知らされたと言う。
- OHNO had no choice but to return, and he was informed by Saisuke YASUTOMI, who was also an Assistant General of the Army, that Toshizo had died in the battle.
- 母親が泣きながら探した所、その大木を見つけることができ、すぐに木を裂いて取り出して生き返らせた。
- His mother looked for the tree as she cried, then found it and tore the tree apart to pull him out to revive.
- 南北朝時代 (日本)に入ると、公家法でも武家法と同じように悔返を広く認める方向に転換していった。
- When the period of the Northern and Southern Courts began, Kuikaeshi was widely allowed in Kugeho as in Bukeho.
- 特に明暦の大火においては被災した大名家に対して石高に応じて10ヵ年返済の拝借金が認められている。
- Especially at the time of the Great Fire of Meireki, Daimyo families affected by the fire were permitted a loan payable over ten years based on their kokudaka (crop yield.)
- 物語は「咨軽薄の人と交はりは結ぶべからずとなん」と、冒頭の一節と同意の文を繰り返して終っている。
- The story ends repeating a similar line to an opening, 'Truly, one must not form bonds of friendship with a shallow man.'
- この結果、平家方の船は身動きが取れなくなり、平家方不利と見た諸将は鎌倉方に雪崩を打って寝返った。
- As a result of losing their oarsmen, the Taira ships could no longer control their movement, and seeing the Taira clan at such a disadvantage, many warlords flocked to switch sides and join the Kamakura forces.
- 変報が届くと、上杉景勝の反撃や地侍の蜂起によって秀吉のように軍を迅速に京へ返す事ができなかった。
- After the news of the incident arrive, he could not quickly return his troop to Kyoto like Hideyoshi because of counterattack by Kagekatsu UESUGI and uprising of local samurai.
- 上﨟塚砦にいた中西新八郎大将と宮脇平四郎副将に荒木村重の逃亡の事実を巧みに使い寝返りに成功した。
- The fact of Murashige ARAKI's escape was used tactfully to convince Shinpachiro NAKANISHI, the general, and Heishiro MIYAWAKI, the adjutant general, who were in Fort Jorozuka and he succeeded in convincing them to change sides.
- しかし清は元来二島の領有を望まず、冊封関係維持のため二島を琉球に返還し琉球王国再興を求めていた。
- However, Qing whisked to maintain the sakufu relationship instead of possessing both islands changed its mind and requested Japan to return the islands to the Ryukyu Kingdom.
- 弘化年間(1844年~1847年)以後の債務は無利息公債を交付して50年賦で返済する(旧公債)。
- As for debts made after the Koka era (1844 - 1847), the government issued bonds with no interest and promised to redeem them by annual installements of 50 years (kyu-kosai (old bond)).
- また相馬郷については「且被裁免畢」と千葉氏のもとへの返却を実現するが、立花郷は戻ってこなかった。
- Restitution of the Soma-go village to the Chiba clan was '且被裁免畢' and realized, but the Tachibana-go village was not brought back.
- 子供好きで、子役の活躍する『大魔神逆襲』を振り返って、「子供というのは神さまだね」と語っている。
- He loved children and said, 'Children are gods and goddesses' recalling 'Daimajin gyakushu' (Majin Strikes Again) in which child actors were active.
- そして、その見返りとして、酒食や宿、いくばくかの金銭などの接待を受けつつ、南信州一帯を放浪した。
- In turn, he received sake (Japanese alcohol), meals, accommodation and some money, and with this treatment, he was able to wander around the whole area of the southern part of the Shinshu region.
- しかし、関ヶ原で西軍が敗れると東軍に寝返って、西軍に与した宮部長房の居城・因幡国鳥取城を攻めた。
- However, when the Western side lost the Battle of Sekigahara, he went over to the Eastern side and attacked Tottori-jo Castle in the Inaba Province, the castle of Nagafusa MIYABE who sided with the Western side.
- ペリーは感謝して、返礼に王国高官を「サスケハナ」に招待し、同行のフランス人シェフの料理を振舞った。
- In return, Perry invited the high officials of the Kingdom to the Susquehanna to sample French cuisine prepared by the chef who was a member of his expedition.
- この方面では近江朝の方が優勢で吹負の軍は度々敗走したが、吹負は繰り返し軍を再結集して敵を撃退した。
- The Omi Court army was superior this time so the Fukei troops were often routed but Fukei regrouped the army repeatedly and beat off the enemy.
- 1854年1月、琉球や小笠原諸島などを回航していたペリーが国書の返答を求めるため、再び浦賀へ来航。
- Upon cruising the Ryukyu and Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Islands), Perry returned to Uraga in January 1854 seeking a reply to the president's message.
- 「加賀藩の領地の一部(越前国)を幕府に返還せよ」との命令を撤回させた交渉の勲功で、大加増を受けた。
- After forcing a retraction of the order: 'Part of the Kaga domain territory (Echizen Province) should be returned to the bakufu,' he had his stipend raised considerably for this distinguished contribution to the domain,
- 「日本書紀」や「古事記」の中に多くみられ、五音と七音の句を3回以上繰り返した形式のものが多かった。
- Many choka poems are found in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) and 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), most of them are in the form with 5-7 phrases repeated at least three times.
- 陸軍燃料研究所のアルコールの蒸気の満ちた実験室で実験を繰り返していたため、酒にめっぽう強くなった。
- Because he conducted repeated experiments in the alcohol-vapor-filled army fuel research center laboratory, he developed a strong tolerance for alcohol.
- 大国主が出雲からまた出かけようとした時にスセリビメに歌を詠むと、スセリビメは杯を捧げて歌を返した。
- When Okuninushi was about to leave Izumo again, he presented a poem to Suseribime, who in return raised a glass and sent him a poem.
- 匂宮は帰京後もしばしば宇治に歌を送るようになり、八の宮はその返歌を常に中の君に書かせるようになる。
- After Nioumiya has returned to the capital, he frequently sends poems to Uji, but Hachi no Miya always has Naka no Kimi reply to his poems.
- この歌集は、絢爛たる王朝文化が衰退しはじめた頃、華やかなりし昔を振り返ったともいうべきものである。
- During the time when the magnificent dynastic culture began to decline, the selector compiled this collection of poetry, looking back on the splendid past.
- 雑兵たちは、これらの乱暴、狼藉を繰り返すことで生活しており、戦場とは生きるための稼ぎの場であった。
- Zohyo subsisted by repeating such riotous behaviors and the battlefield was the place for earning to survive.
- 磐余彦は日の神の子孫の自分が日に向かって(東へ)戦うことは天の意思に逆らうことだと悟り兵を返した。
- Iwarehikono Mikoto, a descendant of the sun god in his understanding, realized that fighting against the sun (against the east) was against God's wishes, and decided to withdraw his troops.
- また、堀田氏、酒井氏、本多氏などの有力譜代大名が転封を繰り返す中、彦根藩家は1度の転封もなかった。
- In addition, the Hikone Domain family never changed their territory while other powerful fudai daimyos such as Hotta clan, Sakai clan, and Honda clan continuously changed their territories.
- 慶長5年(1600年)の関ヶ原の戦いでは始め西軍に属するが、途中から東軍へと寝返り大津城に篭もる。
- In the battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he first belonged to the Western Alliance, but in the middle of the battle he switched to join the Eastern alliance and entrenched himself at Otsu-jo Catsle.
- しかしその子孫は大和一円に広がり、引き続き南都勢力との抗争を繰り返しながら土着傾向を強めていった。
- However, his descendants were scattered throughout Yamato Province; they were continuously in conflict with the forces of Nanto but were undergoing increased indigenization.
- 西村は出撃したが機体故障の為引き返し、自身は出撃する事が無かった為同隊ではこの2人のみが生還した。
- Nishimura departed but came back because his plane broke down, and Sen never departed, so they were the only two from the corps who survived.
- 天正10年(1582年)2月1日、武田信玄の娘婿であった木曽義昌が、信長に寝返りこれを受け入れた。
- On March 5, 1582, Yoshimasa KISO, husband of the daughter of Shingen TAKEDA, betrayed Nobunaga and accepted this.
- - 実朝が梅一枝を持参させた返歌として「嬉しさも匂いも袖に余りける、我が為折れる梅の初花」と詠む。
- As a gratitude to Sanetomo's sending a branch of plum flower, he made a poem: 'Gladness and the fragrance are filling my sleeves too much. The first flower of the plum tree was taken off for my sake'.
- いずれにしてもこれ以降、将軍綱吉とその生母桂昌院は、親戚の宗資を引き立てようと加増が繰り返される。
- After this, Shogun Tsunayoshi and his mother Keishoin continued to add to Munesuke's salary who was their relative.
- 三条天皇の死後、自ら皇太子を退いた敦明親王への返礼の意味も兼ねて、道長は娘寛子の婿に親王を迎えた。
- After the death of Emperor Sanjo, Michinaga invited Imperial Prince Atsuakira as the husband to his daughter, Kanshi, also in appreciation for removing himself from the position of crown prince.
- これは当駅折り返しの普通電車が、駅舎改築工事のため1番のりばから4番のりばに変更されたためである。
- This is because the track for local trains, which make a turn at this station, was changed from Platform 1 to Platform 4 due to the process of renovating the station building.
- そして昔、博打で勝っていた時に、松永傳次郎に金を貸していたことを思い出し、返してくれるように頼んだ。
- Then, Kumataro remembered that he lent money to Denjiro MATSUNAGA once and asked him to pay back.
- はじめ東軍の細川勝元に支持された義視が、後に西軍の山名宗全方に寝返ったため、義政は義尚を後継とした。
- Yoshimi who was supported by Katsumoto HOSOKAWA of the Eastern Camp changed sides to Sozen YAMANA of the Western Camp, and Yoshimasa appointed Yoshihisa as a successor.
- 吉備上道臣氏は星川皇子を助けようと軍を率いて大和に向かったが、殺されたことを聞いて途中で引き返した。
- To save Hoshikawa no miko, the Kibi no Kamitsumichi no omi clan set out toward Yamato Province, leading the troops, however, being informed that Hoshikawa no miko was killed, they drew back.
- この頃、足利幕府は博多に鎮西総大将として一色範氏、仁木義長らを置いており、これらと攻防を繰り返した。
- He continued to struggle with Noriuji ISSHIKI and Yoshinaga NIKI in Hakata, the commanders in chiefs of Kyushu region deployed by Ashikaga Shogunate around this time.
- 高氏の嫡子千寿王(足利義詮)が合流すると関東の御家人が雪崩を打って倒幕軍に寝返り、鎌倉を陥落させる。
- When Prince Senju (Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA), the legitimate child of Takauji, joined his father, a large number of gokenin vassals from the Kanto region suddenly joined the anti-Shogunate army, and this led to the fall of the Kamakura shogunate.
- 6代武者小路実純(三条季晴の子)は、寛政2年(1790年)に官を辞して同4年には位記を返上している。
- Saneito MUSHANOKOJI the sixth (a son of Sueharu SANJO) resigned his post in 1790, and returned the Iki (court rank diploma) in 1792.
- 略奪を繰り返し、神呪寺城、鷲林寺城以外の補給基地となっていた六甲山系の寺院も発見され焼かれていった。
- They repeated robbery and temples in Rokko mountains which were used as bases for supply other than Kannoji-jo Castle and Jurinji-jo Castle were found and burnt.
- 土佐藩などの主張で幕府が朝廷に政権を返上し、諸侯会議により幕政改革を推進する公議政体論が主張された。
- Following the opinion of clans such as Tosa, the Shogunate returned the ruling power to the Imperial Court, and the idea of giving political power to the council of representatives from various clans, which would reform the Shogunate system, was recommended.
- 大弁以下の弁官はこれを取り出して目を通し、史に返却した後に再度結びなおして全ての弁官にこれを見せる。
- The Daiben (major controller) and other Benkan take it out and read through it, return it to the Shi and this is re-tied and shown to all of the Benkan.
- 輔道は下向先で病気で死亡してしまったため、有国は父親のために泰山府君祭を行った所、輔道は生き返った。
- On reaching their destination, Sukemichi fell ill and died, but was resurrected when Arikuni performed Taizanfukunsai (Spirit Exchange Ritual).
- 同年夏になると義貞は勢いを盛り返し、鯖江合戦で斯波高経に勝利し、越前府中を奪い、金ヶ崎城も奪還する。
- Yoshisada recovered power in the summer of that year, defeating Takatsune SHIBA in the Battle of Sabae, occupying the government office of Echizen and recapturing Kanegasaki-jo Castle.
- 実権は道長にあり、しかも、顕光は無能者として有名で、朝廷の儀式で失態を繰り返して世間の嘲笑を買った。
- The real power was held by Michinaga, and Akimitsu was notorious as an incompetent noble who repeatedly made blunders in Imperial Court ceremonies, and who was laughed at by the public.
- 1968年(昭和43年)アメリカ軍から返還、復帰すると同時に小笠原支庁の全村が合併し、小笠原村となる。
- When they were returned to Japan's mainland by the U.S. Forces in 1968, all the villages within Ogasawara Subprefecture were merged into Ogasawara Village.
- 旧石器時代の人々は、更新世の末まで、キャンプ生活・遊動生活を営みながら頻繁に移動生活を繰り返してきた。
- The people in the Paleolithic period frequently traveled from one place to the next while engaged in camping and nomadic life until the end of the Pleistocene epoch.
- ただし幕府が正式に譲渡・売却を認めた土地や領有後20年を経過した土地は返却せずにそのまま領有を続けよ。
- Provided, however, that a land of which the transfer and/or sale was officially admitted by the bakufu, or which had been possessed for 20 years or more should be possessed continuously as-is without being returned.
- 外国人大使らは一年間にこのような両替を5~6サイクル程繰り返し、利益を上げることが可能であったという。
- It is said that foreign ambassadors could make profits by repeating such cycles of exchange five to six times a year.
- 『蒙古襲来絵詞』によると竹崎季長が鳥飼潟から祖原へ追撃、上陸地点より500メートル付近まで押し返した。
- According to 'Moko Shurai Ekotoba' (Picture Scroll of the Mongol Invasion), Suenaga TAKEZAKI chased the enemy from Torikaigata to Sohara, and forced it back to the place about 500 meters from where they had disembarked.
- しかし、形も重量もほぼ同じ銭貨を極端に異なる価値として位置づけたため、借金の返済時などの混乱が続いた。
- However, the confusion continued when people were repaying their debts since Wado-kaichin and Mannen-tsuho coins had a diffferent value even though they had almost the same shape and the same weight.
- 49年3月には漂流民ラナルド・マクドナルドの返還を求めるプレブル号が来航し、長崎奉行の仲介で解決する。
- In March 1849, The ship Preble arrived to demand the return of a castaway Ranald MACDONALD which was resolved by the mediation of Nagasaki magistrate.
- 朝顔への思いを諦めた源氏は、雪の夜、紫の上をなぐさめつつ、これまでの女性のことを話して過去を振り返る。
- One snowy night, Genji, who gave up Asagao, thought back to the past and told Murasaki no ue about the women with whom he had had relationships with so far, comforting her.
- もっとも、兄弟甥姪など自己の子孫以外の者に対して悔返権を行使する場合には事前に幕府の許可を必要とした。
- However, when people were planning to carry out a Kuikaeshi against brothers and cousins, not their own children and grandchildren, they needed permission from the Shogunate to use the right.
- 山名時氏など守護の一部も南朝に属して戦い、京都争奪戦が繰り広げられるなど南朝は息を吹き返すことになる。
- A fraction of the provincial Protectors (shugo were tantamount to governors) like Tokiuji YAMANA also joined the Southern Court faction and fought for them, and with the struggle to recapture Kyoto widening in this way, the Southern Court gained a reprieve.
- 彼らの多くは、似たような状況下に置かれた農民達に同情的な者も多く、一揆側に寝返る者が現れる始末だった。
- Many of such samurai were sympathetic to peasants who lived in the similar conditions, and eventually, some of them even went over to the side of ikki.
- 7日には緑川左岸に進出している薩軍を別働第2旅団が別働第1および第4旅団の援護を得て右岸に押し返した。
- On April 7, reinforced by the detached 1st brigade and the 4th brigade, the detached 2nd brigade pushed back the Satsuma army, which had advanced to the left bank of the Midori-kawa River to the right bank of the river.
- 6年後の仁安元年(1166年)3月29日に赦免、召還されたが、二度と中央政界に返り咲くことはなかった。
- Six years later, he was remitted and summoned home on May 7, 1166, but he never made a comeback in central politics.
- 第49回NHK紅白歌合戦ではその年の物故者を振り返るコーナーで木下の名前が読み間違えられたこともある。
- His name was incorrectly given during a section recalling people who died during the year in the forty-ninth NHK Kohaku Utagassen (NHK Year-end Grand Song Festival).
- なお子息の公香は、従三位左近衛中将まで昇るも突然に官位官職を返上して、無位無官の一般人になってしまう。
- In addition, his son, Kinyoshi rose to Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank), Sakone no chujo (Middle Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards), but abruptly, he returned the official title and the government post and turned to be an ordinary person with no rank.
- 鎌倉の義村に密書を送るが、義村は使者を追い返して密書を幕府に届けてしまい、京方の目算は崩れてしまった。
- Taneyoshi sent a secret message to Yoshimura in Kamakura, but Yoshimura turned the messenger away, but delivered that message to the shogunate whereby expectations of the Kyoto side fell short.
- 松永一家に女を盗られ、借金まで踏み倒されて半殺しにされた熊太郎は、舎弟の弥五郎に押されて仕返しを決める。
- Being robbed of his wife, not paid back the money he lent and beaten nearly to death by the Matsunaga family, Kumataro, supported by his sworn young brother, Yagoro, decided to get square with them.
- 12名の生存者は、漢人の移民により救助され台湾府の保護により、福建省の福州経由で、宮古島へ送り返された。
- Twelve survivors were saved by Han (Chinese) immigrants and transported back to Miyako Island by way of Fuzhou in Fujian Province under the protection of the Taiwan Prefectural Administration.
- 旋頭歌は、短長の一回の組み合わせに長一句を添えた形を片歌といい、この片歌の形式を二回繰り返した形である。
- Sedoka consist of two katauta, which in turn consist of a set of tanka and choka with one more choka added.
- 民間伝承には、「わらしべ長者」や「雀の恩返し」、「こぶとりじいさん」などなじみ深い説話が収められている。
- As folklore, well-known setsuwa such as 'Warashibe Choja' (literally, rich person by the central stalk of a dried rice plant), 'Suzume no Ongaeshi '(the sparrow that returned a favor) and 'Kobutori Jiisan' (the old man who got his wen snatched off) are included.
- また慶喜も諸外国の公使に対して外交権の継続を宣言するなど、次第に列侯会議派の巻き返しが顕著となってきた。
- Additionally, Yoshinobu himself declared his continuation of diplomatic rights to the ministers of foreign countries, so gradually and then noticeably, the party of council by feudal lords recovered from this set back.
- 第二条に関しても、田安家に江戸城を即刻返すという勝案は却下されたものの、大総督に一任されることになった。
- The condition of Article Number Two; Katsu's suggestion of the immediate return of Edo-jo Castle to the Tayasu family was rejected; this decision was left to the Dai Sotoku (the commander of the temporary army).
- 特定の女性に執着して異常に深く寵愛しながら、やがて飽きて別の女性に寵愛を移す、ということが繰り返された。
- He became extremely and abnormally attached to a certain woman, eventually getting sick of her and then he would be attracted to a different woman, and this cycle went on.
- しかし、中務卿の位は、日本の官制の廃止に伴って明治2年7月12日(1869年8月19日)に返上している。
- However, he returned his Nakatsukasa-kyo (the Minister of the Ministry of Central Affairs) position on August 19, 1869, in accordance with the abolishment of the Japanese old regulations for governmental organizations.
- 同月上旬、秀吉は木食応其を使者として根来寺に派遣し、応其は拡大した寺領の一部返還を条件に和睦を斡旋した。
- Early in the same month, Hideyoshi dispatched Mokujiki Ogo to the Negoro-ji Temple as a messenger, and Ogo mediated a peace agreement on the condition of returning a part of the expanded jiryo.
- このため、ドイツ・フランスとともに遼東半島を清に返還することを4月23日日本政府に要求した(三国干渉)。
- On April 23, Russia, France, and Germany apply diplomatic pressure on the Japan government for return of the territory to China (Triple intervention) in exchange.
- 丁未約条締結後、宗氏は通交抑制の緩和を求める交渉を繰り返し、1557年に丁巳約条が締結されることとなる。
- After the Teibi Yakujo was concluded, the So clan continued negotiations for requesting a reduction in restrictions relating to trading and diplomacy visits, and in 1557 the Teishi Yakujo was concluded.
- 伊勢北方守護となり、勢力拡大を目指し長野工藤氏ら諸豪と抗争を繰り返したが、大きな戦果は上げられなかった。
- He became the Ise Northern Shugo (provincial constable), and continued the strugge against Gozoku (local ruling family) including the Naganokudo clan aiming for its greater force; he couldn't achieve great results.
- これは「相手役の演技を受けて、自分の演技を相手に“はね返す”」といったような意味合いであったといわれる。
- It is believed that what he meant to say was 'does an actor 'reflect' his/her act back to the other actors after their act.'
- それに対し朝廷からは王政復古が下され、小御所会議で徳川家領土の返還が決定されるなど、流動的な政局が続く。
- In response, the Imperial Court announced the Restoration of Imperial Rule (Osei fukko) and the return of the TOKUGAWA family's territory was decided in the Kogosho conference (the meeting held in the presence of the Emperor in the Kogosho Conference Room of Kyoto Imperial Palace) and generally the political situation remained uncertain.
- この時点での手合割は先相先であり、後世に「算知に一日の長」とも評されるが、58歳の算知は碁所を返上した。
- Handicap at that time was senaisen and it was later commneted 'Sanchi is a little superior,' but Sanchi returned the title of godokoro at the age of fifty-eight.
- その後、浅井朝倉連合軍は延暦寺の僧兵衆や一向一揆と手を結び、湖西の志賀郡などで激しい攻防戦が繰り返された。
- Later, the allied forces of Azai and Asakura partnered with warrior monks of Enryaku-ji Temple and uprisings of Ikko sect followers and repeated fierce battles in the region such as Shiga-gun, Kosai.
- 「三十年来一夢中 捨レ身取レ義夢尚同 双親臥レ病故郷在 取レ義捨レ恩夢共空」(「レ」は漢詩文訓読の返り点)
- I have been following my dream for thirty years, so dedicating myself to honor is exactly what I have been dreaming of, but as my parents are ill and bedridden, it would be vain to neglect my debt of gratitude and grasp at my dream.'
- 文体の特徴は、日本語の語順で語彙が並ぶ文章に、漢文に由来する定型の「返し読み」を混ぜて書かれたことである。
- Characteristics of the style is that standard 'kaeshiyomi (reversal reading in a Chinese of classical Japanese text)' originating from Chinese writing is mixed in a sentence in which word order follows the rules of the Japanese language.
- しかし、神は人を哀れみ、少しでも若返りできるよう、その時から毎年、節祭の祭日に「若水」を送ることとなった。
- However, gods pitied humans, and every year since then, they send 'wakamizu' on the day of the setsusai so that the humans can regain a little bit of their youth.
- 民友社は政府主導の鹿鳴館文化を貴族的欧化であると見なし、平民的欧化主義の立場から政府批判を繰り返していた。
- Minyu-sha saw the Rokumeikan-bunka Culture, led by the government, as an aristocratic Europeanism and continued to criticize the government from the position of the commoners' Europeanism.
- このために、関所の設置と廃止が繰り返され、結果的には室町幕府の政治的権威の低下を示すことになってしまった。
- Therefore, the establishment and abolishment of the checkpoints occurred repetedly, which only served to show the reduction in the political authority held by the Muromachi bakufu.
- 1867年11月9日(慶応3年)の大政奉還により、統治権が幕府から京都の朝廷に返上されて新政府が誕生した。
- The restoration of imperial rule on November 9, 1867 saw the bakufu relinquish sovereignty to the Imperial Court in Kyoto, and a new government was formed.
- この戦いで紀伊の寺社・国人勢力はほぼ屈服・滅亡させられたが、各地の地侍はその後もしばしば蜂起を繰り返した。
- Most of the temple and kokujin power in Kii Province were yielded or subverted by this battle, but jizamurai in each place often started riots.
- かつては即吉→共引→周吉→虚亡→泰安→赤口(名称については他説有り)の順で繰り返されていた、とされている。
- It is said that rokuyo once repeated in the order of sokukichi (即吉) => tomobiki (共引)=> shukichi (周吉) => kyomo (虚亡) => taian (泰安) => shakko (as for the names, there are other theories).
- その結果、当主である六角高頼が義澄方への与力をあくまで主張する守護代の伊庭氏を抑えて足利義稙方に寝返った。
- As a result, Takayori ROKKAKU, family head of the ROKKAKU, revolted to Yoshitane ASHIKAGA's side, despite the Iba clan, shugodai (deputy of Shugo, provincial constable), who insisted to assist Yoshizumi's side.
- しかしこの戦いで日本側が物質的に得たものは無く、見返りとしての恩賞は御家人たちの満足のいくものではなかった。
- However, Japan gained nothing materially out of this war, and the rewards granted to vassals did not satisfy them.
- 大峠まで捜索活動を行ったが、この日の気温は-14℃であり、風雪も厳しく、捜索を断念して田茂木野へ引き返した。
- They returned to Tamogino after searching to Otouge due to temperatures as low as -14 degrees Celsius, harsh wind and snow.
- 南朝は後醍醐の死後に衰微するが、足利家内部の対立が全国規模に広がる観応の擾乱が起こると南朝は息を吹き返した。
- After Godaigo's death (in 1339) the Southern Court's power and influence waned, but internecine strife within the Ashikaga family led to the Kanno Disturbance, which eventually widened in scope to engulf the entire country, and this brought the Southern Court a reprieve, revitalizing it.
- 天皇が重要な神事において無紋の冠を被り、纓をいったん頭上に上げて折り返し、巾子ごと白い平絹の帯で結んだもの。
- This is a Court cap with no crest which is worn by an emperor at significant ritual ceremonies, with its ei folding over on his head to fix it together with koji with a band of white silk.
- 六曜は先勝→友引→先負→仏滅→大安→赤口の順で繰り返すが、旧暦の毎月1日の六曜は以下のように固定されている。
- Rokuyo repeats in the order of sakigachi => tomobiki => sakimake => butsumetsu => taian => shakko, and the rokuyo of the day 1 of every month in the old lunisolar calendar is fixed as follows.
- 大晦日などに、御陵~浜大津間の臨時列車が運転される時には、2番乗り場から折り返し運転の浜大津行きが発車する。
- When special trains are run between Misasagi and Hamaotsu Stations on occasions such as New Year's Eve, shuttle trains for Hamaotsu leave Platoform 2.
- 信長軍は九鬼嘉隆の鉄甲船を中心として立ち向かったが、毛利水軍はまたも火矢や焙烙玉で積極果敢に攻撃を繰り返した。
- The Oda army led by the Yoshitaka's armored warships counterattacked it while the Mori navy repeated aggressive attacks with flaming arrows and horokudama bombs.
- しかし、それでは三代後に国に返さなければならないことが見えており、農民の墾田意欲を増大させるには至らなかった。
- However, since the owner had to return their land to the state after three generations, the law did not increase farmers' willingness to develop new lands.
- 小野妹子の返書紛失事件は『日本書紀』にはあるが『隋書』にはない(『隋書』には小野妹子の名前自体が出てこない)。
- Nishonshoki mentions the story that ONO no Imoko lost the sovereign's reply, but 'Suishu' does not ('Suishu' does not even mention ONO no Imoko).
- これは、大大名であった佐竹氏を秋田に転封する見返りに、政情が不安定だった地区の持ち城を許したとも言われている。
- Also, some say that in return for the grand feudal lord Satake clan's change of the territory to Akita, they were allowed to own castles in the districts that had been politically unstable.
- いわゆる「中国大返し」についても、信長自身による援軍を迎えるための道中の準備が、たまたま功を奏したに過ぎない。
- As to what you call 'Chugoku Ogaeshi', preparation for travels to meet Nobunaga's relief columns only happened to yield results.
- しかし、イワナガヒメはとても醜かったので、ニニギはイワナガヒメを送り返し、コノハナノサクヤビメだけと結婚した。
- However, Iwanagahime was very ugly, and Ninigi sent Iwanagahime home and married only Konohana Sakuyabime.
- 治承5年(1181年) 平盛澄とともに九州に下向し、寝返った菊池隆直、緒方惟義らを在地の原田種直とともに討伐。
- In 1181, he went down to the Kyushu District with TAIRA no Morizumi, and defeated Takanao KIKUCHI, Koreyoshi OGATA, and so on, who went over to the enemy side, together with Tanenao HARADA who lived there.
- 諸神社の儀式遂行とその財源たる所領等の保障を目的に、既売却地・質流れ地等の無償返付を内容とした法令を発布した。
- With a view to facilitating the performance of rituals by and securing the estates and other assets of Shinto shrines which would support financing of their performance, the governing authorities promulgated mainly providing for free returning of sold or forfeited land lots.
- 1335年(建武 (日本)2年)に足利尊氏が新政から離反すると、北畠親子と共に尊氏討伐のために京都へ引き返す。
- In 1335, Takauji ASHIKAGA defected from the new government, and the prince, along with the parent and child of KITABATAKE, returned to Kyoto to defeat Takauji.
- その後親王の無実が判明すると、嵯峨天皇により平安京に呼び戻され、没収されていた親王の資産も王子女に返還された。
- Once the Imperial Prince's innocence had been proved later, Emperor Saga called the children back to Heian-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in the current Kyoto) and returned to them the property of the Imperial Prince.
- 明治憲法制定により帝国議会が開設されるまでの間、自由民権派は御誓文の実現を求めて政府に対する批判を繰り返した。
- Until Imperial Diet was introduced based on Meiji Constitution, the Freedom and People's Rights group criticized the government repeatedly demanding realization of Charter Oath.
- だが、中には無謀な計画や投資を誘発したものもあり、それは1890年(明治23年)の経済恐慌となってはね返った。
- However, some of the projects induced reckless plans and investments, which resulted in the economic crisis in 1980.
- 預かり人が命令に従わず、全部あるいは半分以上を所領とした場合にはこれを厳罰として本所領は全て本所側に返還する。
- If an azukarinin disobeyed the law and seized more than half of the territory, they were punished severely and forced to return the entire territory back to the honjo.
- 滝川はこの3教官に対し罷免を示唆しつつ公の場で繰り返し非難を行い、結局のところ3人全員が特別弁護人を辞退した。
- Takigawa hinted that the three staff members could be fired and repeatedly criticized them in public, and in the end, all three declined the position of special lawyer.
- 輝弘の攻撃を知った元就は北九州攻略を諦め、即座に軍を返して、吉川元春、小早川隆景率いる精鋭を周防に向かわせた。
- When Motonari found out about the invasion by Teruhiro, he promptly gave up on attacking north Kyushu and sent his elite troops headed by Motoharu KIKKAWA and Takakage KOBAYAKAWA to Suo.
- 府で大量に雇った公務員の質の問題も取りざたされ、地元マスコミ(京都新聞など)による追及が連日連夜繰り返された。
- The quality of the large number of public servants hired by the prefecture was also regarded as a problem, repeatedly questioned day and night by local media (The Kyoto Shimbun and the like).
- 2番線に到着した市営烏丸線の竹田止まりの車両は引き上げ線に入り、折り返して3番線に入線して国際会館行きとなる。
- A train bound for Takeda Station on the Karasuma Line of Kyoto Municipal Subway enters a side track when arriving at Platform 2 of this station, changes its direction there and then enters Platform 3 as a train bound for Kokusaikaikan Station.
- 田中は1951年の論文で倭姫即位説の論拠だった「中天皇」を倭姫とする説を突き崩し、問題は白紙に返ることになった。
- Tanaka published a thesis that denied the theory that 'Chutenno' was Yamatohime no Okimi, which was the basis of argument of the Yamatohime no Okimi enthronement theory and got the issue back to where it was at the start.
- 更に翌年には宇佐八幡宮からの再度の神託があり、先年の神託が偽神託であったとして封戸の返却を申し出たとされている。
- Furthermore, it is said that in the following year Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine reported the second oracle, which revealed that the oracle of the preceding year was false and therefore Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine offered return of fuko (salary) to the government.
- また徳川家康書状によれば、福島表へ侵攻した伊達家への返書は慶長5年(1600年)10月24日付けでなされている。
- According to the Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's letter, his reply to the Date family who invaded Fukushima Omote was dated October 24, 1600.
- 確かにこの説に従えば、668年から686年までの18年間も剣を返還せずに占有していた不自然さは解消できるだろう。
- Indeed this theory may help dissipate the unnaturalness that Emperor Tenmu possessed the Kusanagi no tsurugi for 18 years from 668 to 686 without returning it.
- ただし、牧野英一ら保守的な法学者の巻き返しもあり、「家族の扶養義務」などの形でその一部は存置されることとなった。
- However, taking in opinions from conservative jurists including Eiichi MAKINO, a part of Ie seido was preserved such as 'obligation of support family member'.
- 徳川慶喜は大討込と称して、みずから出陣して巻き返すことを宣言したが、小倉陥落の報に衝撃を受けて大討込を中止した。
- Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA declared Ouchikomi (a grand attack) in which he himself would lead the troops to the front, however, the fall of the Kokura clan dispirit him and he called off the attack.
- 2008年には韓国国会議員50名による対馬島返還要求決議案が韓国国会に提出され、韓国国民の50%が支持している。
- In 2008, 50 members of the South Korean National Diet submitted a resolution calling for a referendum over whether Tsushima should be returned to Korean sovereignty, and 50% of South Korean people supported the proposal.
- 同じく9月には南原城から南下した後に西進した日本水軍の先鋒を三道水軍統制使に返り咲いた李舜臣が鳴梁海戦で破った。
- During October also, Yi Sun-sin, who returned to the Naval Commander of the Three Provinces, defeated the advancing Japanese navy, which at first moved to the south from the Namwon Castle and then moved west, in the Naval Battle at Meiryo.
- 私出挙においては、借受側の百姓らの宅地・耕地・奴婢などが担保とされていたが、高利のため返済できない例も多かった。
- In Shi-Suiko, debtors gave the residential lands, cultivated lands, slaves and others as collateral, but many failed to repay the debts due to the high interest rate.
- 後白河は平時忠ら堂上平氏の官職は解かずに天皇・神器の返還を求めたが、交渉は不調に終わる(『玉葉』8月12日条)。
- Although Goshirakawa requested the return of the emperor and the sacred treasures without removing the Tosho family of the Taira clan including TAIRA no Tokitada from government posts, the negotiation was unsuccessful ('Gyokuyo,' entry of September 7).
- 『今昔物語』によると、播磨国明石沖で海賊に襲われた船主を助け、陰陽の術で海賊を捕らえ、荷物を取り返したとされる。
- 'Konjaku Monogatari' (Tales of Now and Then) says that he helped the ship owner attacked by pirates off the coast of Akashi, and that he captured the pirates and got back the cargoes with his skills of Yin yang.
- 借りた本を傷めるな、借りたらすぐ読んで早く返せ、けれど良い本は多くの人に読んで貰いたい、などの考えを記している。
- In this regard, he wrote, 'Don't damage a borrowed book; when you borrowed a book, read it immediately and return it promptly; however, I hope good books will be read by many people.'
- 後白河院政派は次第に勢力を盛り返していたが、清盛は後白河の行動・性格に不安を覚え、院政復活を望まなかったという。
- Although the sect supporting Goshirakawa's cloister government was regaining power, feeling uneasy about Goshirakawa's behavior and personality, Kiyomori did not wish for restoration of the cloister government.
- 8月6日に平氏一門は一斉に解官されるが、後白河は安徳の帰京・神器の返還を交渉するため、時忠の解官は見送っている。
- On September 1, family members of the Taira clan were dismissed altogether, but Goshirakawa postponed dismissal of Tokitada in order to negotiate for return of Antoku to Kyoto and the return of sacred treasures.
- その6年後に引付衆として返り咲くが既に72歳の高齢に達しており、後藤氏の名誉回復に近いものであったとも見られる。
- He came back as Hikitsukeshu (Coadjustor of the High Court) six years later, but he was 72 years old then, and it appeared to have done to regain the honor of the Goto clan.
- 同年、幕府は丹後守護職を義春に返付、勢いづいた丹後の一色勢は同国に駐屯していた武田勢を破り、旧領回復に成功する。
- In the same year, the bakufu returned the shugoshiki for Tango Province to Yoshiharu and the invigorated troops of the Isshiki clan in Tango Province defeated the troops of the Takeda clan stationed in Tango Province and succeeded to recover their former fief.
- なお京阪京津線については、2008年1月16日の太秦天神川駅開業までは当駅で全列車が浜大津方面へ折り返していた。
- On the Keihan Keishin Line, all trains from the direction of Hamaotsu returned from this station before Uzumasa Tenjingawa Station became operational on January 16, 2008.
- 大阪方面からの当駅折り返し列車は多数設定されているが、三条発出町柳行き普通列車も運用の都合で2本設定されている。
- There are many shuttle service trains that run between Sanjo Station and Osaka, and in addition, two local train services per hour leave Sanjo Station for Demachiyanagi Station.
- 蒙古国書への返書を巡り朝廷の動向が重要視されるようになると鎌倉は京都を警戒するようになっていたとも考えられている。
- It is thought when the reaction of the Imperial Court to the Mongol letter was regarded as important, Kamakura became more wary of Kyoto.
- 謹慎中の前藩主徳川斉昭も「返納の阻止は天意に反する」と説得した為、主だったメンバーが江戸に脱出することで解散した。
- The former lord of domain Nariaki TOKUGAWA, who was under house arrest, persuaded them that stopping the return of the chokusho is against the Emperor's will, and so the core members escaped to Edo and the group broke up.
- 紅葉の中見事に舞を終えた翌日、源氏はそれとは解らぬように藤壺に文を送ったところ、思いがけず返事が届き胸を躍らせた。
- The following day of Genji's splendid dancing under the trees with colored leaves of autumn, he sent a letter to Fujitsubo secretly, then got excited to hear from her unexpectedly.
- 関東公方足利満兼は武蔵国府中から上野国足利荘(栃木県足利市)まで進軍するが、義弘敗死の報を聞いて鎌倉へ引き返した。
- Mitsukane ASHIKAGA, the kubo of the Kanto, had taken his army and marched from Fuchu in Musashi Province as far as the Ashikaga family's private estates in Shimotsuke Province (modern-day Ashikaga City in Tochigi Pref.), but when news of Yoshihiro's defeat and death reached him, he turned back to Kamakura.
- 6日に沼(岡山城東方)、7日に姫路城、11日に尼崎(尼崎市)と所謂「中国大返し」といわれる機敏さで畿内へ急行した。
- His forces, reaching Numa (east of Okayama-jo Castle), Himeji-ji Castle and Amagasaki (today's Amagasaki City) on June 6, 7 and 11, respectively, in what is acclaimed as Chugoku Ogaeshi (big U turn from Chugoku), and rushed to Kinai (the greater capital area).
- 4月19日 (旧暦)、(同5月11日)に旧幕府軍が宇都宮城を占領するも、奪い返され、今市市、日光市方面に退却した。
- The former Shogunate forces captured Utsunomiya Castle on May 11, but withdrew towards Imaichi City and Nikko City after the castle was recaptured by the new government's forces.
- 幕末の混乱した政局の中、第15代将軍徳川慶喜は朝廷に統治権を返上する大政奉還を行い、倒幕運動の大義名分を失わせた。
- Amid political turmoil, at the end of the Edo period, the 15th Shogun, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA returned political power to the Imperial Court (Taisei Hokan), and diminished the legitimate reason for the movement to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate.
- 跡を継いだ三沢為清は大内氏に従属したが、月山富田城の戦いで吉川氏らと共に尼子氏に寝返り、大内軍敗退の一因を作った。
- Tamekiyo MISAWA, a successor of Tameyuki MISAWA, was subordinate to the Ouchi clan, but, in the Battle of Gassan Todajo Castle, the Misawa and Yoshikawa clans jointly defected to the enemy, the Amago clan, and contributed to the defeat of Ouchi.
- このとき東信濃から西上野に勢力を保っていた真田昌幸は北条方に属するが、徳川が東信濃に侵攻してくると徳川方に寝返る。
- At this time, Masayuki SANADA who had influence from eastern Shinano to Nishiueno belonged to the Hojo side, but when Tokugawa invaded eastern Shinano, he switched to the Tokugawa side.
- ロシアは日本側への返答として、朝鮮半島の北緯39度以北を中立地帯とし、軍事目的での利用を禁ずるという提案を行った。
- In its reply to Japan, Russia proposed making the Korean peninsula north of the 39th parallel a neutral demilitarized zone.
- 戦国時代に寝返りや裏切りは日常茶飯事であったにも関わらず、信長を裏切った者の大半は信長が上洛してからの家臣である。
- Although betrayal was common during the Sengoku period, most of the vassals who betrayed Nobunaga were those who served him after he went to Kyoto.
- 翌延元3年/建武5年(1338年)閏7月、武家方に寝返った平泉寺衆徒が籠もる藤島城を攻める味方部隊を督戦に向かう。
- In August 1338, he departed for Fujishima-jo Castle, in which the monk soldiers of Hiraizumi-dera Temple, that sided with the side of the samurai, were contained themselves, in order to encourage his troops.
- 稲葉正成は、関ヶ原の戦いにおいて、主君・秀秋を説得して小早川軍を東軍に寝返らせ、徳川家を勝利に導いた功労者である。
- Masanari INABA had rendered distinguished service in persuading his overlord Hideaki to have his Kobayakawa army change sides and join the Eastern army, and thus helped lead the Tokugawa family to victory.
- 同時に折り返し用の3番線ホーム(凹形)を廃止しホームを広げ、それまでの4番線→3番線、5番線→4番線に呼称を変更。
- At the same time, the use of the (concave-shaped) Platform 3, which was used for returning trains, was discontinued, and corresponding to the expansion of its width, the Platform numbers were changed as follows: from Platform 4 to Platform 3 and from Platform 5 to Platform 4.
- 1944年(昭和19年)11月21日 - 三条大橋~山科駅前間の折り返し列車運転のため、山科駅前駅に亘り線を新設。
- November 21, 1944: In order to operate shuttle train service between Sanjo-Ohashi Station and Yamashinaeki-mae Station, a connecting track was set at Yamashinaeki-mae Station.
- だが県の役人は江戸時代の刑罰では死刑囚の身体を破壊するものであり、生き返ったなどといった前例があるわけでもなかった。
- However the officers of the prefecture had never heard the precedent about a condemned who resuscitated because they considered punishments of Edo Period were supposed to destroy a condemned phisically.
- 其角は早速「年の瀬や水の流れも人の身も」と発句し、大高はこれに「あした待たるるこの宝船」と返し、仇討ちをほのめかす。
- Kikaku straightaway started the poem by saying 'the end of the year, the flow of water and even people's lives are,' and Otaka completed and hinted at the revenge by saying 'waiting for the treasure ship to come the next day.'
- 返読文字の例 助動詞では、如(ごとし)、不(ず)、為(す・さす・たり)、令(しむ)、可(べし)、被(る・らる)など。
- Examples of hendokumoji (kanji characters - in a Chinese or classical Japanese text - to be read in reverse order): auxiliary verbs such as 如 (gotoshi), 不 (zu), 為 (su, sasu, tari), 令 (shimu), 可 (beshi), 被 (ru, raru), and so on.
- まず八咫烏を遣わして、カムヤマトイワレビコに仕えるかどうか尋ねさせたが、兄のエウカシは鳴鏑を射て追い返してしまった。
- Kamuyamatoiwarebiko sent the yatakarasu first to ask the brothers whether they would serve him or not, but the older brother Eukashi shot a whistling arrowhead to chase the bird away.
- しかし明治維新後、長崎居留地は次第に衰退し警察の維持が難しくなったため、1879年に長崎県警察部に警察権を返上した。
- But after the Meiji Restoration, the Nagasaki Settlement gradually fell into decline, and it consequently became difficult to continue to maintain a police force; as a result, in 1879 the settlement relinquished its police powers to the Nagasaki Prefectural Police Department.
- 知らせを聞いた遺族が墓を掘り返してみると、棺のなかで赤ちゃんが生きており、死んだ女は顔色なお生けるがごとくであった。
- Knowing the news, the bereaved family dig up the grave to find a baby alive in the casket and the dead woman's face looks as if she were stile alive.
- 飾りつけもすっかり整った御堂で、源氏は尼姿の女三宮に後に残された悲しみを訴えるが、宮はつれなく言葉を返すだけだった。
- At the hall which has already been decorated, Genji complains to Onna Sannomiya, dressed as a nun, about his sorrow due to being left behind, but she just gives him a dismissive answer.
- これら五王は、朝貢の見返りに、中国王朝から「倭国王」に封じられており、対外的にはこの称号を名乗っていたと推定される。
- These five kings, in return of the tribute, were taken into Sakuho system as 'Wakoku-o' by Chinese Dynasty, and it is estimated that this title was used diplomatically.
- その後、経緯不詳ながら五辻の館のみは守良親王に返却されたらしく、守良親王皇子・宗覚は後にこの屋敷を大徳寺に寄進した。
- Later, although the background is unclear, it seems that only the residence, Itsutsuji no yakata (house) was returned to Imperial Prince Moriyoshi, and the prince of Imperial Prince Moriyoshi Sokaku later donated the residence to Daikaku-ji Temple.
- さらに信長は諸国の目を欺くため、一時、隠居し所領のすべてを斯波氏に返上した形をとり、吉良氏、今川氏との同盟を結んだ。
- Furthermore, Nobunaga temporarily retired and returned his whole territories to the Shiba clan merely for form's sake to deceive several other clans, and entered into an alliance with the Kira clan and the Imagawa clan.
- 翌5年(1577年)2月までに雑賀五組のうち社家郷(宮郷)・中郷・南郷のいわゆる雑賀三組を寝返らせることに成功する。
- Until February in the following year, 1577, it succeeded with the so-called Saiga three groups of shakego (miyago), nakago and nango among five of the Saiga groups.
- 秀吉は宗治を武士の鏡として賞賛し、6月6日 (旧暦)には高松城に杉原家次を置いて山陽道を東へ向かった(中国大返し)。
- Hideyoshi praised Muneharu as a model for samurai, and by July 5, he left Ietsugu SUGIHARA in Takamatsu-jo Castle and headed east on Sanyodo Road, which is known as Chugoku Ogaeshi (the term refers to the reaction to the Honno-ji Incident by Hideyoshi HASHIBA, in which he rushed back to Bitchu even though he was in a battle with Mitsuhide AKECHI in Yamazaki which is near the boundary between Settsu Province and Yamashiro Province when he learned of the news).
- 1年12ヶ月の往信返信各12通と8月13日の1通を加えた25通からなり、多くの単語と文例が学べるよう工夫されている。
- It consisted of 25 letters, 12 letters to send and another 12 to receive for the respective months of the year and an additional letter for August 13, designed to help students learn many words and model sentences.
- 女は経典を唱える内に、法華経七巻の「即往安楽世界」というくだりを繰り返し誦んでいたところ、そのまま気を失ってしまう。
- While she chanted sutras, she came to a passage in Vol. 7 of 'Hoke-kyo Sutra' (the Lotus Sutra), which says that (after one's death) one can soon go to heaven, and when she repeated the passage, she fainted.
- これは生前に十分報いる事の出来なかった桓武天皇から百川への恩返しであると同時に、緒嗣の才能に期待をかけた人事である。
- This was repaying the favor by Emperor Kanmu who could not fully repay the favor to Ostugu's father, Momokawa and concurrently the placement which the Emperor Kanmu executed expecting the future of Otsugu's ability.
- この世界にも稀な緊密ぶりは、ある意味、山田が「生涯同じ歌を繰り返し歌い続ける」タイプの作家である証左ともなっている。
- This rare closeness in a way proves that Yamada is the sort of artist who 'repeatedly sings the same song for life'.
- なお、三職推任問題については、条件提示が本能寺の変直前であったために時間がなくて返答できなかったとも考えられている。
- In addition, it was also thought that Nobunaga could not answer because he did not have time since the conditions were suggested just before the Honnoji Incident.
- 恐らく足利高氏による六波羅探題滅亡の報が到達しており、幕府軍の増援隊の寝返りなどがあったのではないかとも考えられる。
- It is also considered that some auxiliary troops from the bakufu betrayed their allegiance, due to a report that states that Takauji ASHIKAGA destroyed Rokuhara tandai (Kamakura bakufu's administrative and judicial agency at Rokuhara, Kyoto).
- 終戦後、ようやく茶道復活の兆しが出始めた昭和29年に病に倒れ、以後は入退院を繰り返し、家業に専念できぬまま世を去る。
- After the war, he succumbed to a disease in 1954 when the revival of Sado (tea ceremony) was in the bud and after repeated hospitalization, he died without being able to devote himself to family business.
- 丹後に在陣中の武田氏被官人はこれに不満で所領返還を拒んだが、和睦に参加した国信は援軍を丹後に送ることができなかった。
- Although the discontented hikan (dependent retainer) of the Takeda clan had been in their Tango camp and refused the return of the fief, Kuninobu, who had joined the reconciliation, was unable to dispatch troop reinforcements to Tango.
- ただし、折り返し時間の短い一部のK特急やダイヤが乱れたときなどはこの取り扱いを行わず、車内の座席転換は乗客に任せる。
- However, for some K-limited express trains or trains whose schedules are set back, this series of operations isn't performed and the seats are instead rotated by each passenger.
- 高麗はモンゴルの侵攻前は武臣が王を傀儡化して政権を執っており、王はモンゴルの兵力を借りることによって王権を奪い返した。
- Before the invasion by the Mongols, the king of Goryeo was a puppet ruler, with warrior vassals controlling the government, but the king regained power by obtaining support from the Mongol army.
- なぜなら、以前より軍事的衝突を回避しようとしていた松平春嶽ら列侯会議派が常に政府の主導権の巻き返しを図ろうとしていた。
- There were other factors behind this feeling of deflation within the new governments side; one factor, Shungaku MATSUDAIRA and some other members in the council of the feudal lords' party, made previous efforts for avoiding militaristic conflicts between the two opponents; however, they always attempted to recover from any setbacks, proceeding to regain their initiative.
- また、圧倒的に不利な状況であっても終始積極的な戦法を取り、一度南朝方に付いた者の寝返りを誘った尊氏の戦略も見逃せない。
- Additionally, Takauji's constant, proactive tactics even in a devastating situation played a major role in bringing about the betrayal of those who once sided with the Southern Court side.
- 貞明皇后に「(お前は何をやらせても)相も変わらず、不細工なことだね」と言われ何も言い返せずただ黙っているしかなかった。
- The Empress Teimei said to the Empress Kojun, '(Whenever I ask you to do something) you are always disgraceful,' and then the Empress Kojun could not say any words to her remaining silent.
- 武芝は山野に逃走、幾度となく文書で私財の返還を求めたが、興世王らは応じないどころか合戦の準備をして威嚇までしてみせた。
- Takeshiba ran away to the fields and mountains, requesting the restoration of his property in writing; however, Prince Okiyo not only refused his request but also threatened Takeshiba by showing him the battle preparations that had been made.
- このため亮政は、越前国の朝倉氏と同盟を結び、その支援のもとに定頼の攻勢を押し返して北近江の支配力を高めていくのである。
- Therefore, Sukemasa built an alliance with the Asakura clan in Echizen Province, and he fought back against Sadayori's offensive with the support from the Asakura clan, and gradually enhanced his dominance over the Kita Omi, the northern territory of Omi Province.
- その後も寛文7年(1667年)、天明8年(1788年)、天保13年(1842年)にも繰り返し同様の命令が出されている。
- Similar orders were issued repeatedly in 1667, 1788, and 1842.
- 天正10年(1582年)2月には、信玄の娘婿で外戚の木曾義昌が新府城築城のための負担増大への不満から織田信長に寝返る。
- In March or April (February in old lunar calendar) 1582, Yoshimasa KISO, Shingen's adopted son-in-law and a maternal relative, switched sides to Nobunaga ODA because he was unhappy about the increased burden for the construction of Shipu-jo Castle.
- 箱根竹ノ下の戦いでは佐々木道誉と共に新田義貞軍から足利尊氏方に寝返り、室町幕府においては出雲国と隠岐国の守護となった。
- At the Battle of Hakone Take no Shita, he and Doyo SASAKI betrayed the army of Yoshisada NITTA and went to the side of Takauji ASHIKAGA, and became the Shugo for Izumo no kuni and Oki no kuni under the Muromachi bakufu.
- しかし、上方で石田三成が家康打倒の挙兵をしたことを知った家康は、白河口を次男・結城秀康へ任せ、自らは江戸城に引き返した。
- However, Ieyasu, who knew that Mitsuhide AKECHI raised his army in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) to overthrow Ieyasu, left Shirakawa-guchi Gate to the second son Hideyasu YUKI and returned to the Edo-jo Castle.
- この費用は、儀式の際に寺院に泊り込む巫女の飲食費や交通費、そして賽銭として儀式中で繰り返し供えられる金銭が含まれている。
- The expense includes food, drink and transportation fee for miko who stays overnight at the temple during the ceremony, and money offerings repeatedly done during the ceremony.
- つまり、日本武尊が独断で宮簀媛に預け、結果的に手放すことになってしまった草薙剣を取り返すべく、道行を買収したわけである。
- In other words, the side of Emperor Tenmu bribed Dogyo into stealing for the purpose of recovering the Kusanagi no tsurugi which YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto left in the care of Miyazu Hime at his own discretion, resulting in letting go of.
- 『日本書紀』によるこれに対する返書の書き出しも東の天皇が敬いて西の皇帝に白す(「東天皇敬白西皇帝」『日本書紀』)とある。
- According to 'Nihonshoki,' the reply to this letter starts with the phrase '東天皇敬白西皇帝' (the emperor of the east respectfully writes to the emperor of the west).
- 山城屋事件は1872年(明治5年)陸軍省の御用商人山城屋和助が陸軍省から無担保で借り受けた公金を返済できず自殺した事件。
- The Yamashiroya Incident was an incident that Wasuke YAMASHIROYA, a government contractor for the Ministry of Army, committed suicide when he was unable to repay the public money he had borrowed from the Ministry without collateral in 1872.
- しかし寛政の改革の弾圧によってそれまでの戯作に影が差すと、替わって庶民の中から式亭三馬や十返舎一九などの戯作者が現れた。
- However, due to suppression of the Kansei Reforms, the Gesaku that had been written until then became obsolete, and instead the Gesaku writers from the common classes appeared, such as Sanba SHIKITEI and Ikku JIPPENSHA.
- この対峙はしばらく続いたが、4月13日に秀吉に降伏していた柴田勝豊の家臣・山路正国が勝家方に寝返るという事件が起こった。
- This confrontation continued for a while, but on April 13, there happened an incident that Masakuni YAMAJI, who was a vassal of Katutoyo SHIBATA and surrendered Hideyoshi, changed to Katsuie's side.
- だが、公家法・武家法問わず他人和与の悔返を認めることは取引関係の不安定をもたらすことから、法理としては認められなかった。
- Wayo to others, however, was not allowed to be canceled by the principle of either court noble law or bukeho (the law system for the samurai society and the military government) out of fear that if permitted, cancellation of wayo to others would destabilize a transactional relationship.
- 自分を追放し、室町幕府を滅亡に追いやった信長に恨みを抱く足利義昭が、その権力を奪い返すために光秀をそそのかしたとする説。
- This view advocates that Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA who had hard feelings against Nobunaga who had expelled him and ruined the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), tempted Mitsuhide in order to regain Yoshiaki's power.
- 後白河院政派の躍進に対する巻き返しとして、翌安元3年(1177年)正月の除目では平重盛が近衛府、平宗盛が右大将となった。
- As a counter move against the advancement of the Goshirakawa cloistered government group, TAIRA no Shigemori was appointed Konoefu (head of the inner palace guards) and TAIRA no Munemori was appointed Udaisho (head of the right palace guards) on the position assignment day of January 1177.
- これら鈴木氏の諸家は、今川氏、松平氏、織田氏などの周辺勢力に囲まれて離反帰服を繰り返しながら半独立の勢力を保ちつづけた。
- These branch families of the Suzuki clan, maintained their semi-independent powers as repeating their stances, obedience or disobedience, surrounded by the potentials such as the Imagawa clan, the Matsudaira clan and the Oda clan.
- 同日夜薩摩藩兵などの警護の中行われた小御所会議において、徳川慶喜は官職(内大臣)辞職および領地返上を要請されたのである。
- In the Kogosho kaigi (a meeting), held under the guard of the Satsuma troops, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA was required to resign from the official position (Minister of the Interior) and return to the domains.
- この擾乱を契機として、京を押さえた細川高国らと、細川澄元・細川晴元・三好氏ら阿波勢との攻防が長期にわたって繰り返された。
- Triggered by these disturbances, battles repeatedly occurred over a prolonged period between the Takakuni HOSOKAWA forces that had gained control of the capital and the Awa forces that included Sumimoto HOSOKAWA, Harumoto HOSOKAWA and the Miyoshi clan.
- それはストーリーとどう結びつくのかと尋ねたところ、そこを君が考えてくださいと返されたエピソードを賛嘆を込めて記している。
- She spoke highly of the episode that he replied to think yourself how it would relate with the story when she asked him.
- しかし、弘安4年(1281年)の弘安の役では志賀島の戦いで奮戦して金方慶や洪茶丘らが率いる元軍に大勝し、汚名を返上した。
- However, in the Koan War in 1281, he fought hard in the Shikanoshima-island Battle and routed the Yuan army headed by Hokei KIN and Chakyu KO, then he eradicated the stigma.
- さらに、古参の林秀貞と安藤守就も、かつてあった謀反の企てや一族が敵と内通したことなどを蒸し返して、これを理由に追放した。
- In addition, he exiled Hidesada HAYASHI and Morinari ANDO who were old senior vassals by bringing up the former attempt of betrayal or the betrayal of their family to the enemy.
- 蔵書家の中川得楼の知遇を得て出入りを繰り返すうちに、山中共古、林若樹、内田魯庵、幸田成友、大野洒竹などとの交流が始まる。
- Taken under the wing of book collector Tokuro NAKAGAWA and visiting him frequently, MIMURA began to associate with Kyoko YAMANAKA, Wakaki HAYASHI, Roan UCHIDA, Shigetomo KODA, and Shachiku ONO.
- 寛永5年(1628年)、利常は前田利孝を使者に説得に了承して金沢に向かったが、近江国の道中で病となり、引き返して没する。
- In 1628, Toshitsune sent Toshitaka MAEDA as a messenger and Tomoyoshi was persuaded to travel to Kanazawa, but he became sick in Omi Province during that trip and he died after returning.
- ただし、鴨東線開業前の三条駅終着時代の名残で、四条寄りに両渡り線があり、回送列車はこの渡り線を使って折り返すこともある。
- However, deadhead trains occasionally use the double crossing on the track to Gion-shijo Station, a remnant from the time before the Keihan Oto Line opened and Sanjo Station was still the last station.
- そのため、議会はチャールズ1世の子チャールズ2世 (イングランド王)に王権を返還し、1660年にステュアート朝が復活した。
- Consequently, the parliament decided to reassign the sovereignty of England to Charles II (King of England) who was a child of Charles I, and restarted the Stuart Dynasty in 1660.
- しかし、1497年(明応5年)に庇護を受けていた斎藤利国が亡くなると、勢力を盛り返した政経に追われて美濃国海津に寄留する。
- However, after Takakiyo's patron, Toshikuni SAITO, died in 1497, Masatsune re-gained power and forced Takakiyo to flee to Kaizu, the Mino Province.
- 6月2日朝、返礼のため長尾街道を京へ向かっていたところ、四条畷付近で京から駆けつけた茶屋四郎次郎に会い、本能寺の変を知る。
- In the morning of July 5, when he was traveling Nagao kaido (Nagao road) heading to Kyoto to make a return call, he met Shirojiro CHAYA, who hastened from Kyoto, in the vicinity of Shijo Nawate and knew about Honnoji Incident.
- 戦国大名は、ほぼ恒常的に相互間の戦闘を繰り返すとともに、領国内の土地や人を一円支配(一元的な支配)する傾向を強めていった。
- Sengoku daimyo repeated battles among them almost constantly and strengthened the tendency to rule monitically (centralized control) land and people in their own territory.
- このような中で、後白河は突如として先の事件を蒸し返し、天台座主・明雲を解任、所領を没官すると5月22日に伊豆国へ配流した。
- In this situation, Goshirakawa suddenly brought up the former incident and dismissed Myoun of Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect), took away his property, and exiled him to Izu Province on June 27.
- 尊氏軍の東上に遭い、撤退を始めた新田軍に赤松勢が追撃を仕掛け、新田軍は大量の寝返りや足利軍への投降者を出しながら敗走した。
- Nitta's army which was met by Takauji's army on the return eastward began a retreat but Akamatsu's forces commenced pursuit and Nitta's army fled among mass betrayal and surrender to the Ashikaga army.
- このような情勢下、薩摩、長州ら政争を繰り返していた西国雄藩は坂本龍馬、中岡慎太郎の周旋により、同盟を締結(薩長同盟)した。
- Under these circumstances, powerful domains in the western Japan such as Satsuma Domain, Choshu Domain, who repeated political strifes, concluded an alliance (the Satsuma-Chochu Alliance) through the intermediation of Ryoma SAKAMOTO and Shintaro NAKAOKA.
- 宋代の学者に従って儒学の歴史を振り返ると、隋唐以前は経書の音訓(音読)や訓詁(単語の意味)を重視した訓詁学が中心であった。
- Looking back at the history of Confucianism, as scholars during the Song Dynasty did, the mainstream before the Sui and Tang Dynasties was Kunkogaku ('xunguxue' in Chinese), which emphasized the readings of characters and exegetics (interpretation of words) of Confucian classic writings.
- また無礼な行為とそれに対する切捨御免は連続している必要があり、以前行われた無礼を蒸し返しての切捨御免は処罰の対象となった。
- Kirisutegomen should be done immediately to an offensive act and Kirisutegomen to an offensive act that had been done before was punished.
- そのために朝廷の所領についてはともかく、寺社・公家の所領に関しては武家は軍事的実力を背景に下地中分・返還には応じなかった。
- In response, samurai families, supported by their military power, did not accept Shitaji chubun (a physical division of the land) and refused to return territory that had originally belonged to temples, shrines and Kuge, setting aside the Imperial Court's territories.
- なお、敵討は決闘であるため、敵とされる側にもこれを迎え撃つ正当防衛が認められており、殺害した場合は「返り討ち」と呼ばれる。
- Because Katakiuchi was a duel, it was allowed for the target of the revenge, or the opponent, to act in self-defense by a counterattack; if the opponent killed the avenging party, this was called 'Kaeriuchi.'
- また臨時的収入として勘合貿易による収益があり、後に五山などの禅寺に対する保護と見返りとした献金や分一銭なども収入に加えた。
- The bakufu also made extra income by the tally trade (between Japan and the Ming Dynasty) and further augmented the income by counting the money donated by Zen temples (temples belonging to the Zen sect) such as gosan (Zen temples highly ranked by the government) in exchange for its protection over such temples, and buichi-sen (a commission for issuance of a debt cancellation order).
- 中学時代より映画に熱中し、好きだったルネ・クレール監督作品など同じ作品を10回くらいずつ繰り返し観るなどして研究を重ねる。
- He became enthusiastic about films since he was a junior high school student and studied it by watching the same film ten times including his favorite one directed by Rene Clair.
- 片町線電車の一部は京橋駅始発・終着で運転されており、京橋止まりの電車はそのまま片町駅北側の留置線に入線して折り返していた。
- Some trains of the Katamachi Line were operated with Kyobashi Station being the terminal station and trains, whose terminal was Kyobashi Station, ran directly into the storage track located on the north side of Katamachi Station and made a turn there.
- 1266年(文永3年)にもたらされた蒙古(元 (王朝))国書に対する返書や、異国警固を巡り紛糾する最中に起こった事件である。
- It was the incident that took place in the midst of confusions over the reply to the Mongol (Yuan [Dynasty]) letter that was delivered in 1266, and the guard against foreign countries.
- 1868年(明治元年)から1899年(明治32年)の返還までに、外国人に126区画に分けて競売された治外法権の場所であった。
- It was the place of exterritoriality divided into 126 sections, having been auctioned for foreigners since 1868 to their return in 1899.
- 女、返し、 くらべこし ふりわけ髪も 肩過ぎぬ 君ならずして たれかあぐべき などいひいひて、つひに本意のごとくあひにけり。
- The woman returned a poem, 'My hair, which we used to be like your hair, has grown below my shoulders, for whom else, but you, would I wear my hair up,' and they finally found out their true feelings.
- 1351年(正平6年/観応2年)、巻き返しを図る尊氏が南朝に講和条件を出して和睦し、正平一統が成立して年号の統一が行われる。
- In 1351, aiming to recover power, Takauji reached peace with the Southern Court they were reconciled, establishing the Shohei itto and unifying the era names.
- しかし、その子藤原経宗(1119年-1189年)は平治の乱で当初藤原信頼・源義朝方に付きながら寝返って平清盛方の勝利に貢献。
- However, his son, FUJIWARA no Tsunemune (1119-1189), on the occasion of the Heiji War, contributed to the victory of the TAIRA no Kiyomori side by first joining the FUJIWARA no Nobuyori/MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo side at first and then changing sides.
- ところが高次は吉継が北陸から美濃国へと転進する最中に突如東軍に寝返り、手勢3000名を率いて大津城に籠城し防備を固め始めた。
- However, while Yoshitsugu was changing his course from the Hokuriku area to Mino Province, Takatsugu suddenly switched to the East side, led his 3,000 soldiers to Otsu-jo Castle and fortified the defenses there.
- そのため、加藤清正が捕虜にした李氏朝鮮の2人の王子(臨海君・順和君)の返還と引き替えに釜山周辺の南部へ4月頃までに移陣した。
- Therefore, they moved their camps to the southern areas around Busan by May in exchange of two princes (Prince Imhaegun and Prince Sunhwagun) of Yi Dynasty Korea who had been captured by Kiyomasa KATO.
- 忠常の首はいったん梟首とされたが、降人の首をさらすべきではないとして従者へ返され、また忠常の子の平常将と平常近も罪を許された。
- Tadatsune's head was exposed, but it was returned to his followers since the head of Koin (person of surrender) should not be exposed and the sins of Tadatsune's children TAIRA no Tsunemasa and TAIRA no Tsunechika were forgiven.
- 朝廷は後任の安房守に平正輔を任じるが、平正輔は伊勢国で同族の平致経と抗争を繰り返している最中で任国へ向かうどころではなかった。
- The Imperial Court appointed TAIRA no Masasuke to the substitute Awa no kami, but he could not leave for the appointed province because he was in the middle of repeated fighting with TAIRA no Munetsune of the same clan.
- 席上、証文は問題なく返却されたが、宴もたけなわとなった席上で、酒がまわると酒乱となる芹沢が店の対応に腹を立て、遂に暴れ始めた。
- The deed was returned without incident at the party, but, at its height, SERIZAWA, a violent drunk, was angered at the service of the restaurant and went on a wild rampage.
- 新将軍足利義勝は要求を受け入れ、差し押さえられてから20年未満の質物の返還など、山城一国平均での徳政令を発布(嘉吉の徳政令)。
- The new shogun Yoshikatsu ASHIKAGA accepted the demand and issued Tokuseirei throughout the Yamashiro Province which ordered the return of things that had been pawned no more than 20 years prior (Order for the Acts of Virtuous Government in Kakitsu era).
- 南朝に対する上皇・親王返還交渉が難航する一方で、光厳上皇の皇子、弥仁王が南朝に拉致されず京都に留まっていることも判明していた。
- While the negotiations by the Southern Court for the return of the Retired Emperors and Imperial princes was becoming difficult, it had been identified that Prince Iyahito, the prince of the Retired Emperor Kogon, were remaining in Kyoto without being abducted by the Southern Court.
- このことは大覚寺統の反発、鎌倉幕府への巻き返し工作を招き、邦治親王が皇太子となり、後伏見天皇は即位3年で邦治に譲位させられた。
- This caused the opposition by Daikakuji-to and recovery strategy against the Kamakura bakufu; Imperial Prince Kuniharu became the Crown Prince and Emperor Gofushimi abdicated in favor of Kuniharu only three years after his enthronement.
- 伊達政宗が大崎征伐に乗り出すと苦戦を強いられたが、最上氏庶流の黒川晴氏が大崎方に寝返ったことで家の命脈だけは保つことができた。
- When Masamune DATE went on an expedition against Osaki (a siege of Osaki), Yoshinao was forced to engage in a bitter struggle; however, he barely kept the family in existence thanks to Haruuji KUROKAWA, a branch family of the Mogami clan, who switched to the Osaki side.
- 事変後政治的に後退していた日本は竹添進一郎公使を10月30日漢城に帰任させ、済物浦条約の未払い分40万円の返上を申し出させた。
- Japan in political regression after the incident made Shinichiro TAKEZOE return to his post as minister to Korea in Hanseong on October 30 and he proposed to give up an unpaid 400,000 yen required in the Jemulpo Treaty.
- 世界各地の農業社会では、その初期の頃から、播種期に種子を貸与し、収穫期に利子を付けて返済させる慣行が生まれたと考えられている。
- In the agrarian society worldwide, it is thought that a system, in which seeds were loaned to peasants in the planting season to make them pay back the loaned seeds and the born interest in the harvesting season, was launched in the early days.
- 右少弁師家が以前通っていて仲が絶えてしまった女の家の前を通った所、女の家人に呼び止められたので、車を引き返して女の家に入った。
- When at the position of Ushoben, Moroie passed by the house in which his former girlfriend lived, and her family called him to drop in, so he returned his ox-drawn carriage and entered her house.
- しかしこのときの和睦の条件の一つとして、武田氏が応仁の乱の最中に一色氏と戦って奪った丹後国の所領を返還せよという条件があった。
- This reconciliation between them, however, was made based on some conditions, one of which was to return the fief of Tango Province that the Takeda clan had deprived the Isshiki clan of during the Onin War.
- 院の御所で最後の一戦を図るが、御所の門を閉じられ追い返されてしまい、逆に乱を引き起こした謀臣として逮捕の院宣を出されてしまう。
- Taneyoshi attempted to put up one last fight at the palace of the Retired Emperor, but was turned away with the palace gate being closed and, instead, an inzen (a decree from the Retired Emperor) was issued to arrest the tactician Taneyoshi who set off a war.
- 主な改革としては、綱紀粛正・倹約令徹底による消費の抑制、人返し令による都市住民の農村への帰還、株仲間の解散令、棄捐令などである。
- Tadakuni's major reforms were, for example, control of people's consumption through tightening public morals and implementing a sumptuary decree strictly, issuance of 'Hitogaeshi-rei' (the decree to force peasants dwelling in urban areas to return to their hometowns), an order on 'kabu nakama' to disband itself, and issuance of 'Kien-rei.'
- この頃には江戸の同志や遅れて出した同志も足して130人を超えていたが、神文返しによってその数は60人以下になったといわれている。
- Although their comrades totaled over 130 people including the ones in Edo and who handed it in later, the number went down to less than 60 after giving the oath back.
- 彦根藩井伊氏は幕閣の中枢を成し、酒井氏・本多氏など譜代有力大名が転封を繰り返す中、一度の転封もなく石高も譜代大名中最高であった。
- The Ii clan of Hikone Domain found fame as a key cabinet figure of the Shogunate and was never transferred to other lands while other powerful fudai daimyo such as the Sakai clan and the Honda clan were transferred one after another, and had the largest yield among fudai daimyo.
- 年老いていく人を嘆いて、どうにかして天にいる「月夜見」が持つという「をち水」を取り、あなたに奉りたいと若返りの願望を詠んでいる。
- They express the sadness of seeing an aging person and a desire to bring back youth by somehow obtaining 'ochimizu' that 'Tsukuyomi' in heaven has and offer it to that person.
- このように一見家柄以外に取柄のない彼女だが、頑迷さは純真な心の裏返しであり、源氏に忘れられていた間も一途に彼を信じて待ち続けた。
- As mentioned, she had no particular outstanding feature except her family line, but her obstinacy derived from her pure mind, and she kept waiting for Genji while he forgot about her.
- 奥羽越列藩同盟政府から新政府に寝返った久保田藩・津軽藩・三春藩は功を労われ、明治2年(1869年)には一応の賞典禄が与えられた。
- The Kubota Domain, the Tsugaru Domain, and the Miharu Domain which defected from the Ouetsu-reppan alliance to the new government were commended for their deeds, and were given provisional shotenroku in 1869.
- 一向一揆はその後も上杉氏、朝倉氏などと抗争を繰り返し、朝倉氏滅亡後は越前をも支配するが、織田信長との石山戦争に敗れ、殲滅された。
- Even after that, ikko ikki repeated struggles with the Uesugi clan, Asakura clan and so on and, after the Asakura clan was ruined, it controlled Echizen also, but, they were defeated and annihilated by Nobunaga in the Ishiyama War.
- しかし、大山崎に布陣していた津藩が新政府軍に寝返って橋本の旧幕府軍を砲撃した事で旧幕府軍は総崩れとなり、戦いの趨勢が決している。
- However, the Tsu clan in Oyamazaki switching to the new government army and shelling the former bakufu army in Hashimoto caused the former bakufu army completely collapsed and decided the outcome of the battle.
- 少しさかのぼって22日、有田郡の国人白樫氏に誘われて上方勢に寝返った雑賀荘の岡衆が同じ雑賀の湊衆を銃撃し、雑賀は大混乱に陥った。
- A little before that, on the 21st, the Oka shu (岡衆) of Saigaso who defected to the Kamigata army asked by the Shirakashi clan of Arida County, shot Minato shu (湊衆) of Saiga with a gun, which caused confusion in Saiga.
- ついで「一戦に及ぶべし」としていた茨木城の中川清秀も帰服し、大和田城、能勢城、三田城が織田信長に寝返ったため荒木村重は孤立した。
- Then, Kiyohide NAKAGAWA of Ibaraki-jo Castle who had insisted to fight surrendered and three castles, Owada-jo Castle, Nose-jo Castle and Sanda-jo Castle, changed the side to Nobunaga ODA, Murashige ARAKI got quarantined.
- 紐などの長さを測るときに、紐を両手で持ち、両手を一杯に広げるということを繰り返すことで、尋による長さを簡単に求めることができる。
- In measuring the length of something long such as rope, the length is easily represented by the hiro by a manner that a measurer repeats the following: Hold a rope in one's both hands and then outspread the arms.
- 神職身分を獲得したい百姓神主と百姓身分に留めたい村落側との意向が異なる場合があり、百姓神主と村落とが裁判を繰り返すこともあった。
- There were cases in which a hyakusho priest, who desired to obtain the Shinto priest rank, and a village, which desired to keep the hyakusho priest at the hyakusho rank, had different wishes and repeated trials.
- それでも、やはり利用者がどうしても返せない場合もあり、祠堂銭を運営する寺院が私徳政を求める徳政一揆の攻撃対象となる場合もあった。
- Even so, there were some who were unable to pay for their debts and when temples managing Shidosen sought Private Acts of Virtuous Government, they were sometimes targeted in Tokusei uprisings.
- 江戸時代に入り、各寺社がかつて領有していた土地の一部が寺社に返還され、幕府・大名より朱印状・黒印状によってその所領が安堵された。
- In the Edo period, some lands that were formerly owned by temples/shrines were returned to them and secured by the bakufu/daimyo with shuinjo/kokuinjo.
- なお、公地公民制においては、本来田地は本人が死んだら収公(国に返還される)されるものであり、子孫に伝来が許されるのは例外であった。
- Under the kochi komin system, basically rice fields were to be withdrawn by the government (i.e., rice fields were returned to the state) when the person who had been granted the fields died; therefore, it was exceptional that the rice fields were allowed to be inherited for generations.
- 明治2年6月17日 (旧暦)(1869年7月25日)、版籍奉還により領地・領民を朝廷に返還した旧藩主274名が任命されて成立した。
- On July 25, 1869, 274 former feudal domain lords, who returned their territories and people to the Chotei (Imperial Court), were appointed to the position of Chihanji.
- その後、承久の乱に伴う鎌倉幕府による皇室領の大量接収(後に後高倉院に対して返還される)や両統迭立に伴う皇室領の分裂などが行われた。
- Following the Jokyu War, the Kamakura Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) seized much of the Imperial family's estate and divided it among ryoto tetsuritsu (alternate accedence from two ancestries of Imperial families)--restitution was later made to Gotakakura-in.
- 景綱は、既に町曲輪まで攻め込み、福島城を陥落させることは間近であるが、味方の手負いも多く、一端引き揚げるのが上策であると返答した。
- Kagetsuna told that he had already advanced to the town wall and was about to seize the Fukushima-jo Castle but it was better to withdraw once because he had many casualties.
- 頼朝の脅威を恐れる義仲は、頼朝追討の院宣を得ようとしたり、平氏が勢力を盛り返したのを受けて法皇を伴って北国行きを計るも拒否される。
- Yoshinaka, afraid of Yoritomo's menace, tried to get the Monk-Emperor's decree to search and destroy Yoritomo and also tried to go to the North with the Monk-Emperor in response to the Heishi clan's regaining strength, but all requests were rejected.
- また、筒井順慶は参戦に応じ配下を山城に派兵していたが、極秘裏に秀吉側に寝返り、9日に郡山城 (大和国)で籠城支度を始めてしまった。
- On the other hand Junkei TSUTSUI, who had agreed to join Mitsuhide's camp and sent troops to Yamashiro, turned his coat to Hideyoshi side in strict secrecy, and on June 9 began preparations for holing up in Koriyama-jo Castle (in Yamato Province).
- 藤井高尚「松の落葉」によれば、「江家次第」立后の条に「師子形二」「師子形(二)御帳南面左右(一)」((一)(二)は返り点)とある。
- According to 'Matsu no ochiba' (a book on Shinto) written by Takanao FUJII, in the section of investiture of the Empress in 'Gokeshidai' (the Ritual Protocol of the Oe House), it is described that 'Two Shishi-shaped guardian dogs shall be placed on the left and right sides in front of the south face of the chodai.'
- 戦後の中世研究史を振り返ると、石母田正の『中世的世界の形成』に始まる第一世代での武士・武士団論は在地領主に主眼を置いたものだった。
- Looking back at the medieval history studies conducted after World War II, we can see that the theories of bushi and bushidan shared by the first post-war generation, which started off with 'Chuseiteki Sekai no Keise' (The Formation of the Medieval World) by Tadashi (also pronounced Sho) ISHIMODA, focused greatly on the lord of the manor.
- 平安時代に書かれた日本現報善悪霊異記に、出挙によって金銭亡者となったり返済に苦悩したりする都市住民の様子がまざまざと描かれている。
- 'Nihon genho zenaku ryoiki' (set of three books of Buddhist stories) written in the Heian period vividly depicts the condition of the people living in the urban areas who became money-mad due to Suiko or were suffering from repayment.
- 天正10年(1582年)、織田信長に小姓として出仕するが、同僚との喧嘩を信長に見咎められ、まだ幼すぎるとして母親のもとに返された。
- In 1582, Tadamasa started to work under Nobunaga ODA as a page but was dismissed and sent back to his mother by Nobunaga; Nobunaga thought, upon finding Tadamasa in a fight with one of his colleagues, that he was too young to do the job.
- 土井家は河内、摂津の農民に借金があり、農民達は上知と同時に借金が踏み倒されるのではと恐れ、土井家に繰り返し上知反対の強訴が発生した。
- The DOI family had borrowed money from farmers in the provinces of Kawachi and Settsu, and the farmers, fearing that the family might repudiate its debt at the time of confiscation of territories, repeatedly petitioned the DOI family directly for opposition to the confiscation.
- 翌1872年(明治5年)、江藤新平率いる司法省による本格的な調査が始まろうとした同年11月、山城屋は山縣から至急の返済を求められた。
- In November 1872, when the Ministry of Justice led by Shinpei ETO was about to start a serious investigation, YAMAGATA asked YAMASHIROYA to repay the money he had borrowed.
- このため、鎖鎌術を伝授する流派では、鎖分銅をかわされた場合の戦闘を考慮した(鎌の部分を利用した)接近戦戦闘法を繰り返し稽古している。
- For this reason, pupils in schools teaching the art of the kusarigama repeatedly practice a close quarters combat style (utilizing the portion of kama) that takes into account situations in which the opponent has managed to dodge the chain weight.
- 従者惟光の母親でもある乳母の見舞いの折、隣の垣根に咲くユウガオの花に目を留めた源氏が取りにやらせたところ、邸の住人が和歌で返答する。
- When Genji called on his wet nurse who was also the mother of his follower, Koremitsu, to inquire after her health, he noticed that a moonflower was in bloom near the fence of his neighbor, sending a man for it, then his neighbor replied to him composing a waka poem.
- 一方、「荒城の月」は「七五、七五、…、七五」と繰り返される和歌であるが、和歌のリズムをあまり崩さずに西洋音楽に適合させた名曲である。
- On the other hand, 'Kojo no tsuki (The Moon Over the Deserted Castle)' is an excellent piece of music that has been applied to Western-style harmony without destroying the waka rhythm of seven and five syllables.
- 既売却地・質流れ地の無償返付,所領や債権債務についての訴訟(雑訴)の円滑処理などを行うことを通じて、旧体制へ復帰を図る目的があった。
- The aim was to return to the old system by voluntary restoration of sold or foreclosed property and smooth processing of court cases (zasso) regarding property and debts.
- しかし片側1車線が整備された区間と1.0車線の離合不可能な狭路の区間が断続的に繰り返し、急勾配や急カーブが連続する峠道となっている。
- Although, it is a slap with series of steep hills and sharp curves that well maintained sections with double lane and narrow sections at 1.0-lane wide, where a vehicle cannot pass an oncoming car, continue intermittently.
- これまでに拡大した領地の大半を返上すること、武装の禁止、謀反人を山内に匿うことの禁止などの条件を呑まねば全山焼き討ちすると威嚇した。
- He threatened to set fire to all of the mountain if it would not accept conditions such as the return of most of the territories it had expanded, forbidding military force, and hiding rebels on the mountain.
- 何人撃ち殺されても決して退かず、数を頼りに突撃を繰り返す大軍の前に、いかな精鋭の鉄砲衆といえども寡勢の紀州勢には抗する術はなかった。
- They never withdrew despite many soldiers who were shot, and repeated attacking with numbers, so that even the elite unit of gun fighters of the Kishu army could not oppose them with a smaller force.
- 義治は義助と共に北陸経営を行うが、徐々に斯波高経が勢いを盛り返し興国2年(1341年)夏には杣山城が陥落し、越前の宮方は駆逐される。
- Though Yoshiharu managed Hokuriku region jointly with Yoshisuke, Takatsune SHIBA gradually regained his strength and conquered Soyama-jo Castle in the summer of 1341, ousting the party standing for the imperial court out of Echizen.
- ローアングルについてはアスファルト舗装されている公道を掘り返してカメラを据え、電線が写った際には「電線を切れ」と言ったという凝り性。
- He was so obsessed with low angle shots that he is said to have dug up an asphalt-covered public road in order to position the camera and ordered an electric line that came into shot to be cut.
- 合戦が始まり、待賢門では臆病な信頼が清盛の嫡男の平重盛に攻められてたちまち崩れるが、義平が駈けつけ源平の嫡男同士が激戦を繰り返えす。
- The battle started at the Taikenmon gate (one of 12 gates of the palace), where a timid Nobuyori came under attack from TAIRA no Shigemori (progeny of Kiyomori) and crumbled at once, but Yoshihira rushed to the scene, whereupon the Minamoto and Taira combatant heirs engaged in fierce fighting time and time again.
- しかし、清は中国を「地大物博」(土地が広く物産が豊かなこと)と述べ、恩恵を与える朝貢貿易ならまだしも対等貿易は不要であると突き返した。
- The Qing dynasty, however, preferred trade in the choko style (other nations' bringing tribute to China) and refused the trading as equal partners, saying 'China has a big land and a lot of products.'
- しかし、幕府は将軍が病気であって決定できないとして、返答に1年の猶予を要求したため、ペリーは返事を聞く為、1年後に再来航すると告げた。
- TODA and IDO explained, however, that the Shogun was ill and could not make a decision and requested one year of postponement for their answer, and in response, Perry agreed that he would return after one year.
- このうち、列強側の維持費の都合から長崎では1876年、横浜では1877年に居留地の返還が行われたが、他の居留地は依然として継続された。
- Among the various settlements, two were restored to Japanese sovereignty due to escalating maintenance costs for the great powers maintaining them, namely Nagasaki in 1876 and Yokohama in 1877, but the other settlements continued unchanged.
- 彼が、娘を食い殺す理由としては、臣下の礼を取った古代日本が独立したことに対する返答がこなかったため見せしめとして殺したと記されている。
- It states that the reason why he bit the girl to death was that ancient Japan, that paid homage to Korea, did not give him an answer to the question about Japanese independence, so the girl was killed as a warning to others.
- また、源氏は自分が過去に起こした過ちを繰り返させないために、息子の夕霧には容貌の劣る花散里以外の妻たちと親しく会わせたことはなかった。
- Furthermore, in order for his son to avoid committing the same sin as he has done in the past, Genji never gives his son Yugiri a chance to get to know deeply his wives except Hanachirusato, who does not look so attractive.
- 豊臣家恩顧の者たちが豊臣方に寝返るのを恐れたといわれるが、関ヶ原の戦いで東軍勝利のために尽力した黒田長政に関してこれは当てはまらない。
- It is said that the bakufu was afraid that people who have been favored by the Toyotomi family would betray the bakufu, however, it would not apply to Nagamasa KURODA, who contributed to the victory of the Eastern Army at the Battle of Sekigahara.
- 官軍を意味する錦の御旗が薩長軍に翻り、幕府軍が賊軍となるにおよび、淀藩・津藩などの寝返りが相次ぎ、5日には幕府軍の敗北が決定的となる。
- In the battle, the Satsuma's army was the imperial army, with the imperial standard; thus the bakufu were regarded as rebels; as a result, by January 5, it became clear that the bakufu would lose the war, as many clans including Yodo and Tsu changed their positions and joined the imperial army.
- 当時の社会通念からして、天皇や将軍の代替わりには土地・物品が元の所有者へ返るべきとする思想が広く浸透しており、これを徳政と呼んでいた。
- Under the social conventions of the time, there was the prevalent idea that land or an article should be returned to the original owner concurrent with a change in the reign of the Emperor or the rule of the shogun; this idea was called tokusei (benevolent rule).
- あるとき、水面から顔を出し「さあ船をひっくり返そう」と船縁に手をかけたところを、業を煮やしていた船頭に櫂(かい)で頭を叩かれてしまう。
- When, one day, surfacing from the water, he took hold of the rim of the boat to overturn it, the boatman who had long lost his patience hit him on the head with his oar.
- 信徒代表として奉行所に呼び出された高木仙右衛門らははっきりとキリスト教信仰を表明したが、逆に戸惑った長崎奉行はいったん彼らを村に返した。
- Summoned to appear before the magistrate on behalf of the Christians, Senemon TAKAGI and others expressed their Christianity, which embarrassed the Nagasaki magistrate even more and he allowed their tentative return to the village.
- 大型の哺乳動物は季節によって広範囲に移動を繰り返すので、それを追って旧石器時代人もキャンプ生活を営みながら、頻繁に移動を繰り返していた。
- The large mammals migrated extensively by the season; therefore, the people in the Paleolithic period followed migration patterns and frequently moved from one place to the next setting up camps along the way.
- これは、御家人の所領の分散を阻止するために、惣領による悔返権の強化や他人和与の禁止を進めてきた鎌倉幕府の土地政策の延長上にあると言える。
- It is possible to say that this provision was an extension of a land policy taken by the Kamakura bakufu which enhanced the right of kuikaeshi (the right of claim for return) of soryo (heir) and prohibited the donation of land to others, so as to prevent dispersion of Gokenin's shoryo.
- 1573年8月、武田家家臣であった奥平貞昌(後の奥平信昌)は武田信玄の死に際し、父・奥平貞能の英断により一族郎党を連れて徳川方へ寝返る。
- After the death of Shingen TAKEDA, in August 1573, Sadamasa OKUDAIRA (later known as Nobumasa OKUDAIRA), who was a vassal of the Takeda family, switched to the TOKUGAWA side with his all family members and retainers, following his father Sadayoshi OKUDAIRA who made the bold decision.
- 家禄奉還制は、任意で家禄を返上したものに対して事業や帰農など就業のための資金を与えるもので、士族を実業に就かせて経済効率を図ろうとした。
- Karoku refunding system was a system in which the government gave funds for starting business or farming to the warrior class who had refunded their Karoku voluntarily, and the government tried to make the warrior class be engaged in a job and boost economical efficiency.
- その後、再び勢力を盛り返そうとして細川澄元、三好之長・三好長秀親子を京都に侵攻させるなどしたが、そのたびに細川高国・大内義興らに敗れた。
- He later tried to regain power by having Sumimoto HOSOKAWA and the faterh-and-son team Yukinaga and Nagahide MIYOSHI to invade Kyoto, but they were defeated each time by Takakuni HOSOKAWA and Yoshioki OUCHI.
- 詮高の死後には南部氏の圧力が増し、斯波詮直のときに入婿していた九戸政実の弟高田吉兵衛が南部氏に寝返り、岩清水義教や大萱生秀重を諜略した。
- After the death of Akitaka, the pressure from the Nanbu clan increased and at the time of Akinao SHIBA, Kichibe TAKADA, a younger brother of Masazane KUNOHE who was adopted into the family of his bride, switched to the side of the Nanbu clan and seduced Yoshinori IWASHIMIZU and Hideshige OGAYU.
- そこへ土佐藩ら公議政体派が巻き返しを図り、12日には肥後藩・筑前藩・阿波藩などの代表が御所からの軍隊引揚を薩長側に要求する動きを見せた。
- Furthermore, those in favor of parliamentary regime including Tosa Domain attempted to regain of power, and representatives from Higo, Chikuzen, and Awa Domains requested Satsuma and Choshu to withdraw the army from the Imperial Palace on the 12th.
- 貸し手の商人達から見れば大名貸は一種の不良債権であり返って来る見込みは薄くても名目上は資産として認められ、また社会的な地位ともなりえた。
- From the standpoint of merchants who lent money, daimyo-gashi was the nominal assets and the basis of their social status in spite of the fact that they were a kind of bad loan and their collectability was low.
- 尊氏の参陣で志気が上がる尊氏軍が押し気味に戦局が展開し、翌日これを見た大友貞載、塩谷高貞は尊氏軍に寝返り、義助軍は総崩れとなり敗走する。
- Takauji's army whose morale was boosted by Takauji's participation in the war took the lead and on the following day, Sadatoshi (Sadanori) OTOMO and Takasada ENYA sold out to Takauji's army, thus Yoshisuke's army suffered a debacle and took flight.
- 水害を繰り返す河川を治めるため、放水路や分流の工事を行うだけでなく、根本的に重要であった水源の山地における砂防や治山の工事を体系づけた。
- He worked to control concurrent flooding, not stopping at construction work on discharge channels and diversion rivers, but systemizing erosion and torrent control and affrostation, the origin of the problem of flooding at river heads in mountainous areas.
- これらには「冊封」(国王承認)や「朝貢」(貢ぎ物と引替えに賞賜が与えられ、さらに交易することができる)という政治的・経済的見返りを与えた。
- To such countries, political and economical returns such as sakuho (emperor's approval) and choko (In exchange of tributes, premium was conferred and the countries were allowed to trade with China).
- のちに宮中の天叢雲剣は入水した安徳天皇とともに失われるが、『平家物語』は、これを八岐大蛇が安徳天皇となって天叢雲剣を取り返しに来たとする。
- Later, the Ame no Murakumo no Tsurugi Sword in the Imperial court was lost with the Emperor Antoku, who entered the water, so 'Heike Monogatari' (The tale of the Heike) tells that Yamata no Orochi became the Emperor Antoku and came to take back the Ame no Murakumo no Tsurugi Sword.
- 吉野朝廷の熊沢天皇と名乗った熊沢寛道は、明治39年ごろ南朝方の寺院から盗まれた宝が古物商を経て天津教が買いとったと推測し、返還を要求した。
- Hiromichi KUMAZAWA, who proclaimed himself as Emperor Kumazawa of the Yoshino Court, surmised that treasures stolen from temples of the Southern Court around 1906 were bought by Amatsukyo through a secondhand dealer and demanded their return.
- 歳三の命によって台場方面に進軍していた大野率いる兵士らは一時勢力を盛り返していたが、突然乱れて大野の必死の指揮にも関わらず総崩れとなった。
- The soldiers lead by OHNO, who were advancing in the direction of Daiba under the order of Toshizo, were temporarily regaining their power, but they suddenly lost control and suffered a total defeat despite OHNO's desperate instructions.
- しかし、御家騒動は収まらず乙童子丸派の政光と清直は、1470年(文明2年)8月に西軍へ寝返り、六角政頼と和睦して孫童子丸派を攻勢を強める。
- However, the family battle didn't come to an end; the Otsudojimaru group's Masamitsu and Kiyonao betrayed and changed the side to the Western Camp, reconciled with Masayori ROKKAKU and strengthened the Sondojimaru group's power.
- 十津川の支流のなかでも湯川や川原樋川、また、湯川の支流である西川は半径100メートルから500メートルの小さな屈曲を頻繁に繰り返している。
- Among the branches of Totsu-kawa River, Yu-kawa River, Kawarabi-gawa River and Nishi-kawa River which is a branch of Yu-kawa River have many small flections of a radius of 100 to 500 meters.
- このとき、中国方面総司令官として備中にあった信長の家臣豊臣秀吉は、直ちに毛利輝元と講和して軍を東に返して、明智光秀を討った(山崎の戦い)。
- At that time, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, a vassal of Nobunaga's, who was in Bicchu (the western part of Okayama Prefecture) as a commander in chief of the forces coming from around the Chugoku region, immediately made a peace treaty with Terumoto MORI, lead his army back east and killed Mitsuhide AKECHI (the Battle of Yamazaki).
- しかし、水戸藩内で保守派の市川三左衛門が弘道館の反藤田派を巻き込んで諸生党を結成し、藩内での激派排撃を始めたことを知り、筑波山へと引き返す。
- Then they heard that Sanzaemon ICHIKAWA (the conservative) founded shoseito with the anti-Fujita parties of the Kodokan school in the Mito domain and that they began to exclude the extremists, so they headed back to the Mt. Tsukuba.
- 現世の繁栄を享受しながら常に仏道を思い、にもかかわらず女性遍歴を繰り返すという人物造形は、次の世代の薫と匂宮にそれぞれ分割して受け継がれる。
- The characteristics of a person who has worldly prosperity but always thinking of the Buddhist path despite his innumerable love affairs, are divided and inherited by the characters of the next generation, Kaoru and Nioumiya.
- 元弘の乱で鎌倉幕府に付いた買得人は売却した本主(あるいはその子孫)に返還し、朝廷(大覚寺統)に付いて軍忠をあげた買得人は引き続き保証される。
- Purchasers who were on the Kamakura bakufu side in the Genko War shall return the land to honshu who sold it (or their descendants), while purchasers who made a distinguished contribution on the Imperial Court (Daikakuji-to Line) side in the war shall continue to be guaranteed ownership of the land.
- 朝鮮通信使・・・足利義満からの使者と国書に対する返礼で1375年に足利義満に対して信(よしみ)を通わす使者として派遣されたのが始まりである。
- Embassies from Korea: after an envoy and royal missive was sent to Korea by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, a reply was dispatched to Yoshimitsu via an emissary from Shin (Yoshimi) in 1375, thereby opening official communications.
- そのため、就任は10歳前半までに行い、長じても20歳代までに将軍職を辞任して京都に返され、中務卿・式部卿などに任ぜられることが通例であった。
- For that reason, it was common that the post of shogun was assumed before he was 10, and he was sent back to Kyoto in his 20's after he was resigned as Shogun; he would be appointed to Nakatsukasa-kyo (Minister of the Ministry of Central Affairs) or Shikibukyo (Minister of the Ministry of Ceremonial) after that.
- 翌23日、軍使山野田一輔が持ち帰った参軍川村純義からの降伏の勧めを無視し、参軍山県からの西郷宛の自決を勧める書状にも西郷は返事をしなかった。
- On the next day, September 23, SAIGO ignored the recommendation to surrender by Sangun Sumiyoshi KAWAMURA, which was brought back by the military messenger Ippo YAMANODA, and did not answer the letter for him from Sangun Yamagata to recommend him to commit suicide.
- まず、明治2年の版籍奉還で旧藩主が自発的に版(土地)・籍(人民)を天皇に返上し、改めて知藩事に任命されることで、藩地と領主の分離が図られた。
- First, in 1869 former governors of feudal domains voluntarily returned their lands and people to the emperor (Hanseki-hokan), and then they were reappointed as governors of domains by the emperor, while feudal lords were separated from their domains.
- 『富士野往来』に始まる歴史物語を織り込んだものは「武家往来」とも呼ばれ、十返舎一九が伝記型の往来物を確立し、更に史詩型の往来物へと発展した。
- Oraimono with historical episodes which started with 'Fujino Orai' are called 'buke orai' (literally, samurai orai) and later developed into the historical poetry style oraimono, after Ikku JUPPENSHA established the biography style oraimono.
- 本願寺顕如の要請を受けた延暦寺の僧兵も連合軍に加わり、9月20日にさらに数の膨らんだ連合軍の侵攻で先鋒の朝倉景鏡を押し返すなど健闘を見せる。
- His troops--swelled in number by a group of armed monks from Enryaku-ji Temple, who responded to the call to arms issued by the monk Kennyo of Hongan-ji Temple--fought fiercely against the allied army, driving back Kageakira ASAKURA, commander of the allied vanguard, on October 29 despite the fact that the enemy army's own ranks were swelled just before the battle.
- 陸奥国は、金山や良馬に恵まれる一方、その国司は、朝廷の支配に属さない蝦夷を帰服させ、しばしば離反を繰り返した俘囚を服属させる任務を帯びていた。
- While Mutsu Province was a place with good goldmine and breeding of good horses, the governor of it was on a mission of subduing some tribes of Ezo who did not come under the yoke of the Imperial Court, and subsuming other tribes of Ezo who once submitted (Fushu) but often seceded from the Imperial Court.
- そして閔妃派は一時、失脚するが数日で清国の力を得て巻き返し、同年12月、甲申政変を支援(内政干渉)した日本公使館が焼き討ちされる事件が起きる。
- The Queen Min group was overthrown temporarily but returned with China's backup and in December of the same year, the Japanese Legation was burnt down for helping the Gapsin Coup (interfering in domestic affairs).
- ただし、この条文は違法な授受行為によって得た物(贓物)の返還義務を巡る規定であり、一般的な贈与の意味による和与について定めた規定ではなかった。
- This article, however, provide not for wayo, or usual gift, but for obligation to return what was acquired through an illegal transaction (stolen goods).
- 兵士や盗賊らは出会った男女や子供たちからその所持品を奪い取るために残虐な行為を繰り返したが、その行為を見るのはきわめて嘆かわしいことであった」
- Soldiers and robbers brutally robbed people repeatedly or even children of their belongings and it was horrible to see their deeds.'
- 山内政綱は防戦したが、守り切ることができず、火を放ち敗走し、六角高頼方の武将23人が六角・京極連合軍に寝返ったと『碧山目録』に記載されている。
- According to 'Hekizan Mokuroku,' although, Masatsuna YAMANOUCHI fought against the allied forces, he eventually set the castle alight and withdrew, and the 23 military commanders, who once belonged to the side of Takayori ROKKAKU, switched allegiance to the allied forces of the Rokkaku and the Kyogoku clans.
- その一方で農業生産性の低い土地では、連作が不可能なために人為的に耕作と休耕を繰り返す土地利用も現れたこうした土地を片荒(かたあらし)と呼んだ。
- On the other hand, property with low agricultural productivity could not sustain continuous cropping and property that was deliberately cultivated on alternate years was called Kataarashi.
- 当時において和与とは、合意に基づく所領や所職等権利の譲与を指しており、和与に基づく権利の移転は悔返を認めない法理(『法曹至要抄』)が存在した。
- At that time, a compromise indicated a consensus transfer of a right, such as territory or position, and there was doctrine that did not allow Kuikaeshi (a right of claim for return in the Middle Ages' Law) with respect to a consensus transfer of a right ('Hosso shiyosho' [The Essentials for the Judiciary]).
- この中で遠くに座っていた正光が、清少納言が隣にいた人でも聞き返してくるくらいの小声で言ったことを、しっかり聞き逃さなかったことが書かれている。
- In this story, Sei Shonagon wrote that when she was talking with a person next to her in such a low voice that even her conversation partner needed to ask her to repeat what she said, Masamitsu, who was seated far away, did not fail to catch their dialogue.
- 但し、京阪8000系電車や京阪3000系電車を使用する当駅行き特急・K特急が到着後、大阪方面行き急行として折り返す場合は、この扱いは行わない。
- There are exceptional cases where the operation to stop trains twice at different positions isn't executed, specifically when a limited express or a K-limited express train of the Keihan Electric Railway Series 8000 or 3000 returns to the direction of Osaka as an express train after stopping at this station.
- 秀吉の場合は、佐久間信盛や林秀貞達が追放され、将来に不安を持ったという説がある(中国大返しの手際が良過ぎることも彼への疑惑の根拠となっている)。
- As for Hideyoshi, some say that he felt uneasy about the future since Nobumori SAKUMA and Hidesada HAYASHI were dismissed (the fact that his return from the Chugoku region was so conveniently timed is a basis for suspicion).
- また、秀吉の中国大返しに関しても、如何に秀吉が優秀な武将だったとはいえ、あの速さは事前に用意をしていなければ出来ない、という疑惑が持たれている。
- As to 'Chugoku Ogaeshi' of Hideyoshi, there is a suspicion that he could not go back to Kyoto so quickly without any preparation, whatever an excellent warlord he was.
- 一方、死んだ小栗と家来は閻魔大王の裁きにより「熊野の湯に入れば元の姿に戻ることができる」との藤沢市の遊行上人宛の手紙とともに現世に送り返される。
- Meanwhile, by the judgment of Enma Diao (the Great King Yama), dead Oguri and his retainers were sent back to the present world together with a letter addressed to Yugyo Shonin (Saint Yugyo) in Fujisawa City saying, 'If they enter the hot spring in Kumano region, they can restore their bodies.'
- このため、当該行為が当事者間の和いによる志与であった事実を証文の文中において強調することで、当該行為に悔返が発生しないことを宣言するようになる。
- Therefore, the deed came to emphasize the fact that transfer was made as a favor upon agreement or compromise between the parties, in order to declare cancellation would not be made to the transfer.
- やがて、尊氏が勢力を盛り返して京都奪還のために東上すると、石見国守護に補任され、西国における北朝・幕府勢力の拡大と南朝勢力の追討に尽力している。
- Takauji, regaining his power, moved eastward to recapture Kyoto, while Yorikane, as Shugo (provincial constable) of Iwami Province, put his emphasis on the extension of the Northern Court's and the Muromachi bakufu's influence and the elimination of the Southern Court's influence in western part of Japan.
- 隆直は翌年平貞能追討軍に降伏し、以後、平家の家人として源平合戦に従軍したものの、壇ノ浦の戦いにおよんで源氏清和源氏方に寝返り御家人に名を連ねた。
- The following year, Takanao surrendered the army of TAIRA no Sadayoshi which was for searching and killing him, and he took part in the Genpei War as a retainer of the Taira family, but during the Battle of Dannoura, he changed sides to the Seiwa Genji of the Minamoto clan and became its gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo Periods).
- 長者が中に収められていた米俵だけでも返してくれと訴えたので、今度は、鉢に乗せた米俵を先頭にし、米俵を数珠繋ぎにして飛ばし、長者のもとまで飛ばす。
- The rich man appeals to Myoren to just give him back rice bags in the granary, and then Myoren makes a rice bag on the bowl, followed by a string of other rice bags, fly back to their original place.
- 天正3年(1575年)、勝頼は先年徳川家康に寝返った奥平親子を討伐するために兵1万5000(一説には8000から1万)を率いて三河国へ侵入した。
- In 1575, Katsuyori invaded Mikawa Province, leading 15,000 soldiers (8,000 to 10,000 soldiers, according to one theory) to subdue Sadayoshi OKUDAIRA and his son Nobumasa, who had switched sides to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in the previous year.
- 『承久記』によると、敗走した京方の藤原秀康、三浦胤義、山田重忠は最後の一戦をせんと御所に駆けつけるが、上皇は門を固く閉じて彼らを追い返してしまう。
- According to the 'Jokyu ki' (Chronicle of the Jokyu Era), the routed generals of the capital faction, Hideyasu FUJIWARA, Taneyoshi MIURA, and Shigetada YAMADA, intended to fight to the last and rushed to the imperial palace to make their stand, but the retired Emperor Gotoba had ordered the gates firmly shut and turned them away.
- 干支年は、後漢の建武 (漢)26年(50年)に三統暦の超辰法をやめ(元和 (漢)2年に正式改暦)以降は60の周期で単純に繰り返しており計算できる。
- After 超辰法 of Santo-reki calendar was abolished in 50, at the time of the Later Han Dynasty (calendar was reformed officially in 1616), eto (Chinese astrological calendar) repeats in a 60-year cycle and can calculate.
- 天平16年(744年)閏1月11日、難波宮に行幸の際、その途中に桜井頓宮で脚気になり、恭仁京に引き返すが、2日後の閏1月13日、17歳で死去した。
- On his way to Naniwanomiya Palace for a Gyoko (imperial visit), he developed beriberi at Sakurai tongu (a temporary palace) on March 3, 744, and came back to Kuni-kyo, but two days later on March 5 he died at the age of 17.
- 一方でそれら守護や国人の支配権は無条件に強固になったわけではなく、被官が他の守護に寝返ったり、他の国人と一揆を結んで守護の干渉を防ぐこともあった。
- On the other hand, strengthening the ruling power of a Shugo or Kokujin was not necessarily accomplished smoothly, due to vassals often changing loyalty to other Shugo or rebelled against a Shugo in an alliance with another Kokujin.
- しかしながら、主として軍事的な理由においてソウル特別市まで上る事を朝鮮側から拒否され、釜山広域市に貿易目的で設立された倭館で返礼の儀式が行われた。
- However, the Korean side did not permit the envoy to come up to Seoul Special City mainly for military reasons, and a ceremony for the return call was held at Wakan (consular office) in Pusan Metropolitan City.
- 幕府が委託されている政権を朝廷に返還する案および「船中八策」を坂本龍馬より聞いていた時の藩参政・後藤象二郎はこれらを自分の案として容堂に進言した。
- Then-councilor of the domain Shojiro GOTO heard from Ryoma SAKAMOTO about the idea of returning government administration, which was consigned to the bakufu, to the Imperial Court and about 'Senchu hassaku' (the basic outline of the new regime drawn up by Ryoma Sakamoto), and told Yodo about them as if they were his own ideas.
- 1600年の関ヶ原の戦いでは、当初は大谷吉継に従って西軍に属したものの、小早川秀秋に呼応して脇坂安治や小川祐忠、赤座直保らとともに東軍に寝返った。
- At the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 he joined the West squad following Yoshitsugu OTANI at first but switched to the East squad along with Yasuharu WAKISAKA, Suketada OGAWA and Naoyasu AKAZA in concert with Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA.
- この時、信長は孝高がいつまでたっても戻ってこない為、村重方に寝返ったと考えて長政を処刑しようとしたが、竹中重治の機転により、一命を助けられている。
- When Yoshitaka did not return for a long time, Nobunaga thought he had defected to Murashige's side and therefore tried to execute Nagamasa, but he escaped death thanks to the wit of Shigeharu TAKENAKA.
- 文永5年(1268年)に時宗が執権に就任した際には反得宗派の1人として不満を示し、元 (王朝)からの国書が届いた際にも返答に関して幕府と対立する。
- When Tokimune was appointed to the regent in 1268, he indicated his frustration as a member of anti-Tokuso school fraction and opposed to the bakufu regarding the content of the answer to correspondence from Yuan (Dynasty).
- 当初足利政知の元にはわずかな手勢しかなかったが、山内上杉家の軍と合流したことで勢いを盛り返し、退却した孝胤らの軍勢は散々に叩かれ壊滅状態となった。
- Although Masatomo ASHIKAGA had only a small party of soldiers in the initial phase, he was able to rally the forces of the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family to his camp, and Noritane's side became totally destroyed because they were severely attacked even after they withdrew.
- ところが、阿部正弘が急死すると、阿部による安政の改革に反発する譜代大名の巻き返しが始まり、「大奥の粛正」を唱える斉昭に反発する大奥もこれに加担する。
- When Masahiro ABE died suddenly, fudai daimyo who opposed to the Ansei Reform led by Abe began to regain lost ground and were supported by O-oku who opposed to Nariaki who called upon the tightening discipline of O-oku.
- 孝謙上皇は代始改元を拒み、舎人親王(淳仁の父)への尊号献上にも抵抗する(最終的には光明皇太后の強い要請により実現)など淳仁天皇との軋轢を繰り返した。
- Retired Empress Koken repeatedly conflicted with Emperor Junnin, for example, she rejected to change the name of the era and resisted to give an honorary title to Imperial Prince Toneri (father of Emperor Junnin) which was eventually realized by the strong request from Empress Dowager Komyo.
- 応仁の乱後に家督争いなどで没落したが戦国時代を乗り切った京極氏の一系統が、佐々木氏以来の家臣・与騎の一部を組み込んで近世大名となり転封を繰り返した。
- After the Onin War, they declined for the conflicts over the succession; however, one branch of the Kyogoku clan survived the Sengoku period; they incorporated some of the vassals and lower-ranking samurai warriors who had served the Sasaki clan, and at last became Kinsei Daimyo; however, their domain was frequently changed by the order of the shogunate.
- 輔道が言うところによると、現世の罪を裁く閻魔大王から、(泰山府君祭による)すばらしいお供え物があったことから、現世に返してやるべきとの評定があった。
- According to Sukemichi, Enma Daio (the King of Hell), who passed judgment on worldly crimes, decided to return Sukemichi to his life on the earth because of the splendid offerings made for the Taizanfukunsai.
- しかし『吾妻鏡』文治5年(1189年)3月5日条には、時忠の死去を聞いた頼朝が周囲の者に年齢を尋ねたところ、62歳という返事があったと記されている。
- However, in the article for March 30, 1189 in 'Azuma Kagami' (Mirror of East), it is recorded that, when Yoritomo heard about Tokitada's death, he asked people around him about Tokitada's age, and the reply was 62 year old.
- 慶長5年(1600年)、関ヶ原の戦いでは当初上杉征伐に従軍したが、石田三成の挙兵を聞くと家康に断って城主の氏家行広とともに桑名城に引き返し籠城した。
- In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he first joined the army to the Uesugi conquest, but when he heard the raising an army of Mitsunari ISHIDA, he returned to Kuwana-jo Castle with the castellan Yukihiro UJIIE with Ieyasu's consent and held up in the castle.
- この際、秀吉が利休から召し上げた茶道具を宗旦を名指しして返したことから、伯父の道安ではなく宗旦が利休の後継者と目されるようになったとも言われている。
- At about this time, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI gave to Sotan the tea ceremony utensils that he had taken from Rikyu, putting him in the position of Rikyu's successor, instead of his uncle Doan.
- 第二次世界大戦後に死刑に失敗(生き返った)した死刑囚にアメリカ合衆国のウィリー・フランシス(enWillie Francis1929年生まれ)がいる。
- Willie Francis (born in 1929) of the United States of America was a condemned who failed the execution (resuscitation after an execution) after WWII.
- 無罪判決となるも、提出物は裁判が終了してもすぐに返還がかなわず、それら原本は太平洋戦争中の空襲により『吉備津彦命兵法之巻』などを焼失したとされている。
- Although a decision of 'not guilty' was obtained, the submitted materials were not returned immediately after the conclusion of the trial and the original documents such as '吉備津彦命兵法之巻' were were reportedly destroyed by firebecause of air raids during the Pacific War.
- 幕府および鎌倉殿(源頼朝)が、朝廷に対し武力面で奉仕すると約束し、その見返りとして朝廷が、幕府および鎌倉殿の軍事警察権などを公認したことの反映である。
- This reflected the fact that the bakufu and Kamakura-dono (MINAMOTO no Yoritomo) promised to serve the Imperial Court with their military power and the Imperial Court officially approved the military-police authority of the bakufu and Kamakura-dono in return.
- しかし皇太子という立場を慮った侍従の機転によって(内容が内容だけに、何が起こるか分からない)御座所に引き返して東宮大夫以下の近臣とともに放送を聞いた。
- However, a chamberlain, who was quick-witted enough to think about the complex footing of the Crown Prince (he must have imagined the worst scenario in the light of the humiliating contents of the announcement), took him to Gozasho (living room for the Crown Prince) to let him listen the broadcast with close aides from the Togu-daifu (the Lord Steward to the Imperial Prince).
- また納税や返還の実行あるいは誓約が行われ神木が撤去される際にも「注連の本(もと)」と呼ばれる一種の手数料を徴収するなど、相手側に金銭的な制裁を課した。
- When the nengu was paid - or the disseized real estate (or the embezzled nengu) was returned (or promised to be returned) - to the temple or the shrine, Shinboku was removed, and the temple and the shrine imposed punitive money, such as 'shime no moto' (a kind of a commission), on the person who caused the trouble.
- 全国の政治・兵馬の大権を朝廷に集めるために諸藩に人民と兵力を朝廷に返却させ、藩主を貴族として遇し、それに代わって朝廷の法令を全国一律に布告すべきである。
- In order to gather the supreme power of politics and armies throughout the country into the Imperial court, it is required to let every han return their people and army and treat the lord of the domain as aristocrat, instead, Imperial court law should be proclaimed throughout the nation.
- 伏見は永仁6年(1298年)に皇太子胤仁(10歳、後伏見天皇)に譲位したが、次の皇太子の人選をめぐって大覚寺統の巻き返しが起こり、実兼もこれに加担した。
- In 1298, Fushimi abdicated in favor of the Crown Prince Tanehito (aged 10, Emperor Gofushimi), but a comeback by the Daikakuji line that Sanekane also participated in was staged regarding the nomination of the next Crown Prince.
- 応仁の乱では細川勝元に与し、その功により播磨・備前・美作の3ヶ国を領する大大名にまで返り咲き、長享2年(1488年)には山名氏の勢力を播磨から駆逐した。
- In the Onin War, the clan supported Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, and for this merit, it came back in power regaining the position of powerful daimyo (feudal lord) ruling the three provinces, Harima, Bizen and Mimasaka, then drove away the force of the Yamana clan in 1488.
- その末川は「この事件は滝川個人に加えられた弾圧ではなく、日本の学問の自由と大学自治に加えられた弾圧だったから京大事件と呼ぶべきだ」と繰り返し語っていた。
- Suekawa repeatedly said that 'This incident was not oppression of Takigawa as an individual but should be called the Kyodai Incident because this was oppression of academic freedom and university freedom in Japan.'
- 1269年と1271年にもモンゴルから国書が届き、朝廷は返書送付を提案したが、幕府は当初の方針どおり黙殺を選んだ(外交権も幕府が握っていたことを表す)。
- Sovereign messages from Mongol arrived in 1269 and 1271 and Imperial Court suggested replying, but the bakufu chose to ignore them following the original policy (indicating that diplomatic powers were also held by the bakufu).
- 広房は九条兼実政権下にて活躍して隆職とともに記録所寄人となるが、建久2年(1191年)に後白河院の巻き返しによって隆職が復任すると、河内国守に遷された。
- Hirofusa was under Kanezane KUJO's government and was appointed to Kirokujo yoryudo (officials who served at the Land Record Office) with Takamoto, but when the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa regained to appoint Takamoto for his previous position 1191, Hirofusa was demoted to Kawachi no kuni no kami (Governor of Kawachi Province).
- その子が女子ならばすみやかに母に返されるが、男子であれば今は産着の中にあっても、将来に禍根を残す恐れがあるので、赤子のうちに命を絶つように決まっていた。
- If the baby was a girl, she would be immediately returned to her mother, but if it was a boy, there is a possibility that the sparing of the boy's life would invite a disaster in the future even though the baby was still in baby clothes, and that was why it had already been decided that the baby boy would be killed as a baby.
- しかし、清は元来二島の領有は望まず、冊封関係維持のため二島を琉球に返還し琉球王国再興を求めており、分島にたいする琉球人の反対もあり清は調印に至らなかった。
- But Qing basically didn't hope to get possession of those two islands but to revive the Ryukyu Kingdom, returning two islands to Ryukyu so that it could maintain a relationship based on sakuho, while Ryukyu objected to separating territorial rights over the islands, because of which Qing didn't sign the treaty.
- 伝統的な街並みや過去の優れた建造物の多くが戦災や経済発展の中で失われ、経済性・合理性優先の安上がりな建築が多くなり、スクラップアンドビルドが繰り返された。
- Many of the traditional cityscapes and beautiful old buildings and structures were lost in the war or during the economic growth, and there was a growing number of cheap structures that emphasized economic rationality and repeated 'scrap and build' constructions.
- これは病死とも、秀吉への恩義に応えられなかった(且元は、家康の大坂攻めに協力する見返りとして、秀頼の助命を嘆願していたらしい)ことを悔いての自殺説もある。
- While some attribute his death to illness, others believe it was suicide for failing to live up to his pledge of loyalty to Hideyoshi (for pleading for the life of Hideyori in return for his support of Ieyasu's siege on Osaka Castle).
- 対馬藩は回答使の返書も改竄し、1617年、1624年と三次に渡る交渉でもそれぞれ国書の偽造、改竄を行い、1609年には貿易協定である己酉約条を締結させた。
- The Tsushima Domain also modified the reply brought by the responder, as well as diplomatic messages of the second and the third negotiations respectively held in 1617 and in 1624, and the domain forged and modified the sovereign's message, so that the Kiyu Agreement (trade agreement between Korea and Tsushima Domain) was concluded in 1609.
- 南朝は、北朝が保持していた三種の神器(南朝は贋物であると主張)を渡し、政権を返上することなどを条件に和睦に応じ、10月には尊氏は南朝に降伏して綸旨を得る。
- The Southern Court agreed to peace under conditions such as the return of the Three Sacred Treasures that the Northern Court held (the Southern Court claimed that they had fakes in their possession) and the administration, and in October, Takauji surrendered to the Southern Court and received the Imperial order.
- 周辺が古くからの住宅密集地ということもあって、普段からの利用の多さもさることながら、嵐山への観光拠点駅ということもあり、休日は、多くの観光客でごった返す。
- Today it's usual for this station to have many passengers, partly because the surrounding area has been densely populated for many years and because the station is crowded with many tourists on holidays, partly because the station functions as a base for sightseeing to Arashiyama.
- この作品は1985年にテレビ朝日の土曜ワイド劇場で元死刑囚役に三浦友和、義妹役に大場久美子を起用して「白の処刑 絞首台から生き返った男」として映像化された。
- This novel was adapted into a drama in 1985 by TV Asahi Corporation for Saturday Waido Theather, entitled 'Shiro no shokei Koshudai kara ikikaetta otoko' (White execution the man, who came back from scaffold alive), acted by Tomokazu MIURA as former condemned and Kumiko OBA as his sister-in-law.
- 明治期には巌谷小波が前代の物語を恩返しに主眼を置いた子供向けの読み物に改作し、ダイジェスト版が明治43年から35年間、国定教科書の教材になり定着していった。
- During the Meiji Period, Sazanami IWAYA changed the established story into one for children, focusing on the returning of the favor, and the summary of the story appeared in national textbooks for 35 years from 1910.
- 『御成敗式目』では従来きわめて限定的にしか認められていなかった悔返を大幅に認め、特に親が親権に基づいて子孫に対する悔返はほぼ無制限に認められることとなった。
- 'Goseibai-shikimoku' widely allowed the cancellation which had been admitted only in a very limited manner in the past, and in particular, cancellation filed by parents against their offspring based on the parental right was admitted almost without limitation.
- ドッコちゃんのドッコとは、福知山音頭にたびたび繰り返される「ドッコイセ」という独特のフレーズから由来し、ドッコちゃんはその踊り子をモチーフにしたものである。
- Dokko of Dokko-chan originates from a unique phrase of 'Dokkoise' repeated in the Fukuchiyama Ondo dance song; Dokko-chan is based on the motif of a dancer.
- 6月25日、雷撃隊は大口の南に布陣し、曽木、菱刈にて官軍と戦ったが、覆水盆に返ることなく、相良率いる行進隊と中島率いる振武隊と合流し、南へと後退していった。
- On June 26, the Raigeki-tai troop set up a battle formation in the south of Oguchi and fought the government army in Sogi and in Hishikari, but could not reverse the situation and was forced to retreat towards the south with the Koshin-tai troop led by SAGARA and the Shinbu-tai troop led by NAKAJIMA.
- 地面ぎりぎりから撮影する独特の低いカメラアングルと厳格なまでの正面からの切り返しのフィクスショットを特徴とし、ローポジションの映画監督としても知られている。
- He was known as a movie director favoring a low position with distinct low camera angles filmed just above the ground and stern frontal fixed shots.
- 八坂本では、巴を追ってきた敵将を返り討ちにした後、義仲に落ちるように言われ、後世を弔うことが最後の奉公であると諭されて東へ向かい行方知れずとなったとされる。
- In the Yasaka-bon text, after Tomoe killed an enemy general who had chased after her, she was told by Yoshinaka to run away and convinced that her last service should be to mourn him, and she headed eastward and she was lost.
- 9月16日の緒戦において勝利し、9月20日の戦では朝倉景鏡隊を追い返し、同じく朝倉方山崎吉家隊、阿波賀小三郎隊、浅井方の浅井玄蕃允隊、浅井長政旗本らと交戦。
- Yoshinari was victorious in the opening engagement of the war, which was fought on October 25, and in the battle that occurred on October 29 he routed the forces of Kageakira ASAKURA and continued fighting against both the forces of Yoshiie YAMAZAKI and Kosaburo AHAKA, who were allied with the Asakura clan, and against Asai clan allies like Genba ASAI and the Hatamoto (direct shogunal vassal) Nagamasa ASAI.
- 応永25年(1418年)、本庄左衛門(入道して西号、本庄元朝か元翁と見られる)が阿久原村を押領するも、鎌倉公方足利持氏が元の領主に返還するようにと命じている
- In 1418, Saemon HONJO (seems to have changed his name into 西号, 本庄元朝, or Genno after becoming a monk) seized Aguhara Village, however, Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, Kamakura Kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) ordered him to return the land to the previous lord.
- 下記の分類は前述の『日本超古代秘史資料』を基本としているが、その後、他の文献写本が発見されるに従って吾郷清彦自身によって徐々に改訂が繰り返され増殖していった。
- The following classification is based on the above-mentioned 'Nihon Chokodaihishi Siryo,' but later, as copies of other documents were found, Kiyohiko AGO himself repeatedly revised the classification as it grew.
- 薩長へ「討幕の密勅」が下ることを予期した慶喜は(先手を打って)慶応3年(1867年)10月14日、朝廷に対して政権返上を上奏し翌15日勅許された(大政奉還)。
- Yoshinobu anticipated a secret order to Saccho (Satsuma and Choshu -han Clans) from the Emperor to destroy the Shogunate, and on Oct. 14, 1867, he (as a preemptive measure) suggested to the Imperial Court that he would return his political power to the Emperor; his request was accepted by the Emperor on the 15th, the following day (Taisei Hokan).
- 十返舎一九の『東海道中膝栗毛』にならって、弥次郎兵衛、北八の3代目の孫ふたりを、イギリスのロンドン万国博覧会見物に出立させ、その道中の滑稽を叙したものである。
- In the style of Tokaidochu Hizakurige by Ikku JUPPENSHA, the story develops around hilarious incidents that the two leading characters who were the great-great grandsons of Yajirobei and Kitahachi (who were the main characters of Tokaidochu Hizakurige) encountered on a trip to London, England to visit the London World Exposition.
- この時点での総戦力では未だに幕府軍が圧倒的に上回っており、巻き返すのも時間の問題と思われたが、慶喜は軍を捨てて大坂城を脱出(1月6日)、海路で江戸へ逃走した。
- At this stage, the former Shogunate forces were still far superior in military strength in total and were supposedly going to take the offensive in no time; Yoshinobu, however, escaped from Osaka Castle on January 30 and fled to Edo by sea, abandoning his army.
- その後、赤松氏の遺臣が嘉吉3年(1443年)の禁闕の変で後南朝に奪われた三種の神器の神璽を取り返し、南朝皇胤を殺した功により、赤松政則のときに再興を果たした。
- Afterwards, a surviving retainer of the Akamatsu clan recovered Shinji (the sacred jewel, yasakani no magatama) out of Sanshu no Jingi (Three Imperial Regalia), which was stolen by Gonancho (latter Southern Court) in the Conspiracy of Kinketsu, and killed Nancho-koin (Imperial descendents of the Southern Court), and for this credit, the Akamatsu clan achieved to resuscitate the family.
- その後も、大久保忠世ら諸将は小諸城に留まり真田勢と小競り合いを繰り返すも、11月には譜代の重臣石川数正が豊臣家に出奔する事態に至り、完全に撤退することになる。
- After that, warlords including Tadayo OKUBO stayed in Komoro-jo Castle and repeated skirmishes against Sanada's army, but in December, a senior fudai (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) Kazumasa ISHIKAWA ran away to the Toyotomi family, leading to a complete retreat.
- また家康も武田氏に従っていた三河国山間部の山家三方衆の内奥平貞能・奥平信昌親子を寝返らせるなど、信玄存命中は守勢一方であった織田・徳川連合軍の逆襲が始まった。
- Sadayoshi OKUDAIRA and his son Nobumasa OKUDAIRA, the members of Yamaga sanpo shu (the Okudaira clan, the Suganuma clan (in Nagashino) and the Suganuma clan (in Tamine)) in sankanbu (mountain-ringed region) of Mikawa Province had followed the Takeda clan, but Ieyasu made them switch sides and the Oda and Tokugawa allied forces, which had been on the defensive, started to strike back
- しかしその後、河内国守護の畠山満家が越智維通を支援、筒井氏も細川持之を頼ったが、永享6年(1434年)に入ると越智氏は勢いを盛り返し、筒井氏は再度大敗を喫した。
- But, after that, Mitsuie HATAKEYAMA, shugo (provincial constable) of Kawachi Province, provided support to Koremichi OCHI and, although the Tsutsui clan sought help from Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA, the Ochi clan regained momentum in 1434 and badly defeated the Tsutsui clan again.
- 保津川は蛇行を繰り返す激流で大きな岩が無数にあったが、人力で引っ張ったり火薬を使って発破作業を行ったりしながら、高瀬舟の通れる水路を約5か月で完成させたという。
- It is said that although the Hozu-gawa River was a meandering, raging torrent and there were innumerable huge rocks in the river, the waterway was completed in five months by manually removing rocks and blasting them with gunpowder so that Takasebune boats were able to navigate the waters.
- 当初、幕府方として後醍醐天皇の企てを阻止する側に加わっていた足利尊氏は次第に倒幕の志を秘めるようになり、一門の重鎮 吉良貞義に相談の上、朝廷側への寝返りを決行。
- Takauji ASHIKAGA, who at first stood for the Bakufu to thwart an Emperor Godaigo's plan, gradually began to conceal his intention to overthrow the Shogunate, and after he consulted Sadayoshi KIRA, a grand person of the family, he went over to the side of the Imperial Court.
- また草莽に対しても出稼ぎの農民とともに勝手に本国より離れたものとして人返しの対象にすることを決定した(五榜の掲示の第5札、実際の取締規定は明治2年以後である)。
- Furthermore, together with the peasants, the government decided to treat the ordinary citizens who had supported the Joi movement as people who had left their homeland without permission, punishing them under the law of Hitogaeshi (a law that forced peasants to return to their homelands) (According to the fifth item in the Gobo no keiji (five public notices), the actual regulation was enacted after 1869).
- 列強との交渉は愛新覚羅奕キョウ及び直隷総督兼北洋大臣に返り咲いた李鴻章が担ったが、敗戦国という立場上列強の言いなりとならざるを得ず、非常に厳しい条件が付せられた。
- The negotiations with the allied western powers were carried out by Aisin-Gioro Yìkuāng and Li Hongzhang, who came back to power as Governor General of Zhili and superintendent of trade for the northern ports, but being the losing nation he was obliged to the allied western powers, and met demands with very strict conditions.
- 1884年(明治17年)3月29日夜、同郡吉際村ほか7ヶ村の民40余名が大神村字八幡下に集結して戸田村小塩八郎右衛門からの負債返済方法を協議し、不穏の形勢を示す。
- At night on March 29, 1884, more than 40 people from Yoshigiwa Village and seven other villages in that county gathered at Yawatashita, Okami Village and consulted as to how they could repay debts from Hachiroemon OSHIO of Toda Village, and the talks ended in disorder.
- しかし高麗の宋君斐・金賛が案内する蒙古の使節ら(正使・黒的、副使・殷弘)は巨済島まで来て、航海の困難を理由に引き返し、クビライに対して日本への通使の不要を説いた。
- However, the Mongol envoys (chief envoy Kokuteki and vice-envoy Inko), guided by So Kunhi and Kinsan from Goryeo, returned due to the difficulty of the voyage after reaching Geoje Island, and explained to Kublai that it was unnecessary to send envoys to Japan.
- 古くは和紙が貴重品であったために、使用済みの面を反故として、白紙の状態である裏面を利用して別の筆記を行っており、漉返紙と並んで和紙の再利用法として活用されていた。
- Since washi (Japanese paper) was valuable in ancient times, once paper was used, the back side of the paper, which was blank, was reused for other writing; this method for recycling Japanese paper was utilized along with sukigaeshi gami (paper made by redissolving used paper).
- 悔返(くいかえし)とは、中世日本において、和与・寄進などの財産処分を行って所有権の移動が行われた後に元の所有者あるいはその子孫らがその行為を否定して取り戻す行為。
- Kuikaeshi is an act in which, after a property's ownership was shifted to someone else by compromise or donation, its previous owner or his descendants recover the ownership by disaffirming the previous decision.
- また、親による悔返は自由であったとは言え、後日の紛糾を避けるために予め所領の分与を定めた際に作成する譲状や処分状に悔返の要件を定めて自ら制約しようとした例もある。
- Although Kuikaeshi by parents did not have any restrictions, to prevent complications afterward, there were cases to include the conditions for Kuikaeshi in the letter of transfer or disposition which was created when the share of the property was decided.
- 斯波義寛が室町将軍による六角征伐へ織田氏を従えて参陣していることや、斯波義達が遠江国奪還のための出陣を繰り返すなど、依然、守護としての威令は保っていたようである。
- The Shiba clan seems to have maintained the authority of Shugo judging from the fact that Yoshihiro SHIBA participated in Rokkaku subjugation by the Muromachi Shogun with the Oda clan and that Yoshitatsu SHIBA repeatedly went to war to recapture Totomi Province.
- その後、上杉謙信の支援を受けて一時的に所領を取り返したが、その後武田と長尾(上杉)の対立(川中島の戦い)の中で他の北信濃国人衆と共に上杉家の家臣化が進んでいった。
- After that, Kenshin UESUGI helped the Takanashi clan to get the manor back, but the Takanashi clan as well as other local lords in northern Shinano became retainers of the Uesugi family during the conflict between Takeda and Nagao (Uesugi) (Kawanakajima War).
- 即ち、明治元年(1868年)以後の債務については公債を交付しその元金を3年間据え置いた上で年4%の利息を付けて25年賦にて新政府が責任をもって返済する(新公債)。
- As for the debts made after 1868, the government issued bonds with an annual interest of four percent and promised to redeem them by annual installments of 25 years after a three year grace period (shin-kosai (new bond)).
- すると、その女の様子がことのほか素晴らしかったので、師家は女を捨ててしまったことを後悔して弁解したものの、女はひたすら読経するばかりで、返事もしない有様であった。
- And, finding her looks unexpectedly beautiful, Moroie regretted abandoning her and excused himself, but she just chanted sutras and made no reply.
- 何カットか撮った後、ホリゾントの色を少し明るく塗り変えてから再び撮影をする、という作業を繰り返し、それを二日間も続けて夜明け直前から夜明け迄のシーンを完成させた。
- He repeated the process to shoot some cuts, make the color of horizont brighter, and then shot again for two days and completed the scene from before dawn until dawn broke.
- しかし長安が不正蓄財を行っていたという見解はほとんどなく、これは近年では、幕府内における権勢を盛り返そうと図っていた本多正信・本多正純父子の陰謀とも言われている。
- However, there were few speculations that Nagayasu had carried out fraud, and that it was probably a conspiracy by the Masanobu HONDA and his son Masazumi HONDA, who were trying to regain their power in the bakufu.
- また、文明 (日本)年間に入ると、伊勢貞親に代わって、則宗が西軍に属していた朝倉孝景 (7代当主)の調略工作を担うようになり、文明3年、孝景の寝返りを成功させた。
- During the Bunmei era, they replaced Sadachika ISE, and Norimune was placed in charge of stratagem which made Takakage ASAKURA (seventh head of the Asakura family) go over to the Eastern army from the Western army, resulting in Norimune's success.
- 神戸~福知山系統を除き、いずれも1980年代から運転されている路線であるが、大幅な増発こそないものの、高速道路網の延長に合わせて、所要時間の短縮を繰り返している。
- Except for the route between Kobe Sannomiya Station and Fukuchiyama Station, every bus service has been operated since the 1980s; the time needed to cover the distance has become shorter and shorter as the expressway network has been extended, although the number of bus services hasn't significantly increased.
- 1953年(昭和28年)7月21日 - 三条~九条山間の不通箇所間は、京阪自動車で代替輸送し、列車は九条山に仮ホームを設け、浜大津~九条山間の折り返し運転を実施。
- July 21, 1953: The transport of the interrupted portion between Sanjo and Kujoyama was alternated by the bus service of Keihan-jidosha Auto Company, and trains were operated as a shuttle service between Hamaotsu and Kujoyama by setting up a temporary platform at Kujoyama Station.
- 天保5年(1834年)、酒の勝手造を禁止する見返りに酒造米高100石につき金10両の株金と金3分或は銀43匁の冥加金を納めさせた(なお、株金は廃業時に返金された)。
- In 1834, the bakufu banned unauthorized sake brewing and, in return, imposed subscription to sakekabu of 10 ryo (unit of gold currency) of gold and myogakin of 3 fun (unit of currency, 4 fun = 1 ryo) of gold or 43 monme (a unit of weight) of silver on 100 koku of rice for brewing sake (subscription to sakekabu was refunded to breweries when they went out of business).
- これを見た賀州三ヶ寺側の門徒の動揺は激しく、「仏敵」になることを恐れた寝返りが相次いだため、松岡寺と本泉寺はたちまち超勝寺と援軍を主力とする本願寺軍の手に奪われた。
- Looking at this, the followers of Gashu Sanka-ji Temples became greatly upset and one betrayal happened after another in fear of being 'Enemies of Buddhists' so that Shoko-ji Temple and Honsen-ji Temple were immediately taken by Hongan-ji Temple's army organized by the followers of Chosho-ji Temple and the reinforcements.
- 慶応3年(1867年)10月大政奉還により政権を朝廷へ返上した15代征夷大将軍徳川慶喜は、新設されるであろう諸侯会議の議長として影響力を行使することを想定していた。
- In October 1867, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, the fifteenth Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), gave up political power to the Imperial Court by the Taiseihokan (restoration of imperial rule) and he expected to have great influence over the potential newly established Lords Conference through his potential role as the president of the conference.
- 幕府はその機先を制して大政奉還を行ったが、将軍は「辞官納地」(全ての官職と領地の返上)を強要され、それに不満の旧幕府軍は鳥羽伏見の戦いで官軍と衝突し、内戦となった。
- The Bakufu forestalled them by conducting Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor), but the shogun was forced to conduct Jikan-nochi (returning of all government posts and territories), and the old shogunate army that was discontented about that, and then collided with the Imperial army in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, and the civil war began.
- 慶応3年10月14日 (旧暦)(グレゴリオ暦1867年11月9日)、第15代将軍の徳川慶喜が明治天皇に統治権の返還を表明し、翌日、天皇はこれを勅許した(大政奉還)。
- On November 9, 1867, the 15th Shogun, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA declared the return of political authority to the Emperor Meiji, and the next day, the Emperor accepted it (Taisei hokan).
- 院と延暦寺の対立・抗争、延暦寺攻撃に消極的な平氏という構図は、安元3年(1177年)4月13日、延暦寺が加賀守・藤原師高の配流を求めて起こした強訴でも繰り返される。
- The pattern (confrontation and dispute between the cloister government and Enryaku-ji Temple and the Taira clan who did not wish to attack Enryaku-ji-Temple) repeated on May 19, 1177 at a direct petition by the Enryaku-ji Temple's daishu demanding the exile of Kaga no kami FUJIWARA no Morotaka.
- 次の二つがあげられ、一つに自身が罪悪不善の身でいつから輪廻を繰り返してるかもわからず悟りを得る機会がなかったこと、二つに罪人である自分を阿弥陀仏が救ってくれること。
- The following two illustrate this point: first of all, there was no opportunity to become enlightened because one has ever been reincarnating repeatedly and ridden with sins and misdeeds, and second of all, Amitabha Buddha will deliver even the sinful souls.
- 理由は、戦死した正成の首(頭部)を尊氏が「むなしくなっても家族はさぞや会いたかろう」と丁寧に遺族へ返還しているなど、尊氏自身が清廉な彼に一目置いていたためであろう。
- The reason was that Takauji acknowledged Masashige's integrity and handed back the head of the fallen Masashige to his family in a polite way, saying that they must want to see him, although they might feel sad.
- 3月14日 (旧暦)(4月21日)、この日は勅使、院使が江戸城に登城して将軍綱吉が先の勅宣と院宣に対して返事を奏上するという奉答の儀式が執り行われる予定になっていた。
- On April 21, there was supposed to be a ceremony in which Shogun Tsunayoshi giving his response to a messages delivered from the Imperial messengers and Inshi after their arrival to Edo-jo Castle.
- 実際の風景を元に親しまれてきたというよりは、歌や物語で場面として繰り返し登場する中で、実際の風景から離れたところでイメージが形成されてきたもので空想の産物とも言える。
- It can be said that utamakura is a figment of the imagination, which has not been familiar in reality but gradually formed by appearing in the scenes of poems and tales repeatedly separately from the real scenery.
- 従来は幕府から個々の領主に対して、領地判物・朱印状などの所領給付を示す文書を与えていたが、寛文4年3月7日 (旧暦)に全国の大名に対して一旦これを返納する事を命じた。
- Documents cncerning the granting of fiefs, such as ryochi-hanmono and shuinjo, used to be issued to individual owners at different times, but the bakufu gave an order to all daimyo over the nation to return such documents to it, on March 7 (according to old lunar calendar), 1664.
- 制作に手間がかかり、また繰り返し版を重ねるには木版印刷の方が容易であることから、やがて木活字は衰え、日本の印刷の歴史は活字印刷から木版印刷に逆行するような形となった。
- Because it takes time and effort to make wooden movable type and because wood block printing was easier to deal with when reprinting again and again, wooden movable type soon fell out of use and the history of printing in Japan appeared to progress backwards from wooden movable type to wood block printing.
- 頼朝は、後白河法皇から上洛を催促されたが、鎌倉に留まって逆に法皇へ東海道・東山道・北陸道の国衙領・荘園をもとのように、国司・本所へ返還させる内容の宣旨発布を要請する。
- Yoritomo was requested by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa to come to Kyoto, but he stayed in Kamakura and asked the Cloistered Emperor to issue an imperial order regarding the return of Kokugaryo (property governed by the local provincial office), and shoen (private estates) in Tokai-do, Tosan-do and Hokuriku-do Roads back to the kokushi (provincial governors) and honjo (proprietor or guarantor of manor).
- 経之の子、経明には嗣子が無く、萬千子(まちこ)が中御門家を相続、婦人が戸主となったため、侯爵位を返上したが、分家から経恭(つねやす)を養子に迎えて、改めて旧に復した。
- When Tsuneaki, the son of Tsuneyuki, had no heir, and Machiko, a woman, inherited the Nakamikado family name, the title of marquess was returned; but the family adopted Tsuneyasu from a branch family and were able to recover their status.
- かつ、「遊仙窟」の注に「以(レ)玉刻為(二)獅子(一)、安(二)牀頭(一)、避(二)鬼魅(一)、竝得(レ)鎮(二)押氈席(一)」((一)(二)(レ)は返り点)とある。
- In addition, in the annotation of 'Yusenkutsu' (a Chinese novel by Chosaku in the Tang-Dynasty period), there is a description, 'To place stone-carved shishi lion in a bedroom is effective to avert monsters, goblins, and ghosts as well as to press the carpet.'
- 舞鶴線と小浜線の終点であり、2007年10月現在は西舞鶴発敦賀行1本(この他特急「まいづる (列車)」1本の臨時延長運転あり)を除く全ての列車が、東舞鶴駅で折り返す。
- Higashi-Maizuru Station is the last stop on the Maizuru and Obama Lines and, as of October 2007, all trains double back here, except one that starts at Nishi-Maizuru Station and arrives at Tsuruga Station and the Limited Express 'Maizuru,' which occasionally goes on to other stations.
- 不孝と認定された子は家から放逐され、嫡子としての家督継承権や財産の相続権なども全て剥奪され、既に分与・継承された財産は没収されて父母(祖父母)のもとに戻された(悔返)。
- A child certified as 'fukyo' was driven away from home, deprived of everything including the rights to inherit the family and properties, and so on for which he was eligible as a legitimate child, and the property already given to them was returned to their parents or grandparents (kuikaeshi).
- やがて、従来対象としていた主婦層に加え、青年男女層の読者層を抱えることとなり、保守的とされる主婦層と、新進的とされる青年男女層双方の支持を得るために刷新が繰り返された。
- Over time, the readership expanded to include young adults in addition to homemakers that had been the established target for the magazine and so, to gain support from both conservative homemaker and innovative young adult groups, it went through a succession of overhaul.
- このとき陽明門を警護していた源光保、光基は門の守りを放棄して寝返るが、光保は美福門院の家人で政治的には二条親政派であり、信西打倒のため義朝に協力していたに過ぎなかった。
- At this point, MINAMOTO no Mitsuyasu and Mitsumoto, who were charged with guarding the Yomeimon gate, abandoned their posts at the gate and switched sides, but after all, Mitsuyasu was a retainer to Bifukumonin and thus politically a member of the Nijo direct rule faction, and had merely temporarily collaborated with Yoshitomo to strike down Shinzei, and had not entered a permanent alliance with him.
- 『平家物語』『源平盛衰記』の「経正都落」条に、平経正が都落ちの際仁和寺に立ち寄り、先代覚性法親王より拝領の琵琶『青山』を返上した折、別れを惜しみ歌を交わした記事が残る。
- In the chapter of 'Tsunemasa Miyakoochi' (the rustication of Taira no Tsunemasa) in 'Heike monogatari' (The Tale of the Heike) and 'Genpei Josui ki' (the history of flux and reflux of Genji and Heishi), there is a story that TAIRA no Tsunemasa dropped in at Ninna-ji Temple when he rusticated Kyoto and returned the biwa (Japanese lute) 'Aoyama' given by the precedent chief priest, priest Imperial Prince Kakusho, Tsunemasa and monk-Imperial Prince Shukaku exchanged waka poems feeling the sorrow of parting.
- (皮肉にも徳川家康も征夷大将軍位の徳川氏世襲と秀吉の遺児・秀頼への政権返上の意思が無い事を示すために息子徳川秀忠に将軍を継がせて自らは大御所として政権を運営している。)
- (Ironically, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA transferred the position of 'Seii taishogun' to his son, Hidetada TOKUGAWA and was in charge of politics as 'Ogosho' (a leading figure) in order to show that the Tokugawa clan would inherit the position of 'Seii taishogun' and he would not return the political administration to Hideyori, Hideyoshi's bereaved son.)
- 内大臣・源雅通は「武士を派遣すれば神輿が破壊される恐れがある」と難色を示し、武士を率いる重盛も後白河の3度に渡る出動命令を拒否して「明朝発向する」と返答する有様だった。
- Naidaijin (minister of the center) MINAMOTO no Masamichi showed unwillingness saying 'If samurai were sent, the mikoshi may be destroyed;' Shigemori who commanded the samurai also refused Goshirakawa's dispatch order three times saying 'I will dispatch them tomorrow morning.'
- 「月と若返りの水」の結びつきは、ロシアの東洋学者ニコライ・アレクサンドロヴィッチ・ネフスキーが著した『月と不死』(東洋文庫)に採集された、沖縄の民族伝承にも語られている。
- The connection between 'the moon and the water that brings back youth' is also mentioned in the ethnic lore of Okinawa that has been included in 'Tsuki to Fushi' (moon and immortality) (The Toyo Bunko [Oriental Library]) authored by Nikolai Aleksandrovich Nevskii, a Russian scholar of Asian Studies.
- 結果として、恒常的な借り入れ関係が生じ、更に領内の凶作によって蔵屋敷への年貢米(蔵米)や特産品(蔵物)搬入が減少するなどで売却代金によって返済しきれなくなる事態も生じた。
- Finally domains started to borrow money constantly, and sometimes their debt could not be paid back when enough sales money was not earned from annual rice tax and local products because of poor harvest in the domain.
- しかし、その栄光も長くは続かず、正慶2年(1333年)には後醍醐側勢力が巻き返すと鎌倉幕府はあえなく滅亡し、後伏見上皇と光厳天皇もまた後醍醐天皇によってすぐに廃立された。
- That glory didn't last long, the Kamakura bakufu collapsed after the force of Emperor Godaigo made a comeback in 1333, soon after this, the throne of the Retired Emperor Gofushimi and Emperor Kogon was abolished by Emperor Godaigo.
- そもそも平家の落人とは、清和源氏と平家とが雌雄を決した源平合戦で一ノ谷の戦い、屋島の戦い、壇ノ浦の戦いにおいて平家方が連戦連敗を繰り返した中で発生した平家方の難民である。
- In the first place, Heike no Ochudo were fugitives of the Taira family side who were repeatedly defeated in the Battle of Ichi no tani, the Battle of Yashima and the Battle of Dan no ura during the Genpei War in which Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) and the Taira family fought a decisive battle.
- 斯波氏没落後、足利義詮はすぐにその領国である若狭国・越前・越中国・摂津などの守護職を没収し、幕府の御料所となし、奉行人を派遣して、寺社本所領の返付や半済の停止を執行した。
- After the collapse of the Shiba clan, Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA immediately deprived it of shugoshiki (post of provincial constable) of the provinces of Wakasa, Echizen, Ecchu and Settsu, made these provinces bakufu's territory, dispatched bugyonin (group of magistrates), returned Jisha Honjo Ryo (lands formerly owned by temples/shrines) and suspended hanzei (shugo's right to collect half of the taxes).
- ただし、後世には太政官の一上(あるいは摂関)が事前に内容を確認して改めて密封を行って天文博士に返却してから改めて陰陽頭に提出する形式となる(『西宮記』・『新儀式』など)。
- In later ages, a procedure was established such that ichinokami (the ranking Council Member) of Daijokan (Grand Council of State or Sekkan - regents and advisers) confirmed the contents in advance, sealed the documents again, and returned them to tenmon hakase, and then the documents were submitted to Onmyo no kami (according to 'Saikyuki' - record of court practices and usage, written by MINAMOTO no Takaaki in Chinese style), 'Shingishiki' (New Procedures in Administration.)
- この戦いの後、後白河が神器の返還を求めて派遣した御坪の召次・花方という使者に、時忠が「浪方」という焼印を顔面に押して追い返したという逸話が『平家物語』「請文」の段にある。
- In the Chapter 'Ukebumi' (reply) of 'Heike Monogatari,' there is an episode that, after this battle, Tokitada drove back a messenger, Hanakata of Otsubo no Meshitsugi (person who works in Meshitsugi-dokoro, the department of managing daily affairs of In), had sent by Goshirakawa to require return of sacred treasures, after branding 'Namikata' on his face.
- 領子と帥典侍尼(宣子)が鎌倉の頼朝に愁状を出したところ、頼朝は後鳥羽や吉田経房に配慮したらしく収公を差し止め、時忠の遺族に返還している(『吾妻鏡』建久6年7月19日条)。
- Muneko and Sochi no tenji-ni (also known as Noriko) presented a petition to Yoritomo in Kamakura; paying attention to Gotoba and Tsunefusa YOSHIDA, Yoritomo suspended seizure and returned the residence to Tokitada's bereaved family members (Article for September 1, 1195 in 'Azuma Kagami').
- 武勇も優れていたが、歌人としても俊成に師事し、才能に優れていた平清盛末弟の平忠度は1183年(寿永2)7月 (旧暦)の平氏一門都落ちの際、都に引き返し、俊成の邸を訪れた。
- Whilst his martial prowess was outstanding, even as a poet he looked up to Toshinari; in July 1183, when the entire Taira clan fled Kyoto, TAIRA no Tadanori (the outstanding genius Kiyomori's youngest brother) handed over the capital and visited Toshinari's estate.
- 特に「聞く銅鐸」の紋様の不鮮明さは埋納時から発掘までの土中での経年劣化ではなく、磨く等の行為によるものとされており(佐原真)、祭りの度に繰り返し掘り出し磨かれたためという。
- Especially, unclearness of the patterns on the 'dotaku to hear,' which is thought to have been created due to a treatment such as polishing, not due to degradation over time in the ground from a burial through to an excavation, possibly shows that they were repeatedly dug out and polished every time a ceremony was held (Makoto SAHARA).
- 会津藩、薩摩藩と気脈を通じた久邇宮朝彦親王が巻き返しを図り、参内して孝明天皇を動かし、大和行幸の延期と三条実美ら攘夷派公卿の参朝禁止、長州藩の御門警護解任を決めてしまった。
- Imperial Prince Kuninomiya Asahiko who had communicated with Aizu Domain and Satsuma Domain tried to recover from a setback, went to the Imperial Palace, and had the Emperor Komei postpone the Imperial Trip to the Yamato Province, prohibit Joi ha court nobles such as Sanetomi SANJO to come to the Imperial Palace, and dismiss the Choshu Domain from the position of palace gate guards.
- 仏足石歌の歌体はすべて五・七・五・七・七・七の6句からなり、6句目はその前の5句目を言い換えたものが多く、この歌体は結句を繰り返して歌う上代歌謡に起源をもつといわれている。
- Each of Bussokusekika is composed of six lines of 5-7-5-7-7-7 syllables, with the sixth line often paraphrasing the fifth, indicating its origin in songs of the premodern period that recites the last line repeatedly.
- が、漁師の女房があまりに照手姫が美しいことを妬み、さまざまな虐待を繰り返し最後には、六浦浜で人買いの手に売り飛ばされ、各地に売られていくが、最後まで小栗への貞節を守り通す。
- However, the fisherman's wife was jealous of the stunning beauty of the Princess Terute and sold her to a human trafficker on Mutsuura beach after repeating various kinds of maltreatment against her; the Princess Terute was sold to different places one after another but remained faithful to Oguri to the end.
- 大江山鉱山などからの鉱石をもとに試験製錬を繰り返したが、鉱石に含まれるニッケルの含有量が低すぎたため、当初の目的だった純粋のニッケルにまで精錬することはできないままだった。
- Trial smelting was performed repeatedly using ore from Oeyama Mine etc., but because the ore was too poor in nickel, pure nickel remained unable to be refined as previously planned.
- だが、国家財政の逼迫と地方政治の衰微によって収入が減少すると、臨時給や合爵(官職への推挙権を返上する代わりに、より実入りのある年爵を1名分増加させる)などの措置も取られた。
- When the revenue dropped due to the nation's hard-pressed economy and decline of local governments, however, such measures were taken to add a portion for one person to nenshaku.
- 特に以前武家伝奏として皇位継承問題に関与していた中院は天皇本人を前にして後水尾法皇と前将軍家綱が死んでから1年余りでその意向をひっくり返した天皇と綱吉を公然と罵ったのである。
- Especially Nakanoin, who had been involved in the imperial throne succession as a Buke Tenso (liaison officer between the Imperial Court and the Bakufu), abused the Emperor and Tsunayoshi, openly in the presence of the Emperor himself, for reversing the intention of Cloistered Emperor Gomizunoo and former Shogun Ietsuna in only a little over one year after the deaths of both.
- 清盛は山門との衝突を回避し、反平氏の動きを見せていた院近臣の排除に成功したが、清盛と後白河の関係は取り返しのつかないものとなり治承三年の政変(1179年)へとつながっていく。
- Kiyomori was able to prevent a confrontation with the Sanmon and eliminate close aides of the cloistered government who were against the Taira clan, but the relationship between Kiyomori and Goshirakawa was irreversibly damaged and this led to the 'Jisho sannen no seihen' (Coup of the Third Year of Jisho, 1179).
- 『里程大和著聞記』の記述には「道幅一尺」「難所」「牛馬常通不申」といった表現が繰り返し見られ、険しい峰道か峠道、あるいは獣道程度の道でしかなく、困難な道であったことが分かる。
- In the article about Kohechi in 'Ritei Yamato Chomonki', expressions like 'the road 1 shaku (about 30.3 centimeters) in width', 'dangerous spot', 'horses and cattle cannot go through the road' appear frequently, therefore it is known that at that time Kohechi was just a steep slope on a mountain or some animal trail that was very difficult for people to travel.
- (司馬遼太郎『坂の上の雲』より)この返答は、国際法上の解釈から言えば違法と言えるものではないが、この状態ではどの外交ルートもあるわけではなく、実質的には戦争開始の通告である。
- (From 'Saka no ue no Kumo' [Clouds Above the Hill] by Ryotaro SHIBA) While this reply is not unlawful from the perspective of international law, in this particular situation where there were no other diplomatic routes available, it was in effect, a declaration of war.
- 朝生の討論で、パネラーの国会議員に「批判しているだけ」と指摘され、「僕がテレビで話すことは社会的に価値のある活動だと思っている」と言い返したが、スタジオの観客からは笑われた。
- When a member of the Diet as a panelist of 'Asamade Namaterebi' pointed out to Oshima, 'All you do is criticize,' he answered with, 'I think what I say on the program has social value,' but he was laughed at by the studio audience.
- 典信は徳川家治の寵愛深く、通常新たな屋敷を拝領すればそれまでの土地は返却するのが習わしであるのに、安永6年(1777年)竹川町の屋敷はそのままに木挽町に新たな土地を拝領した。
- It was a general custom to return one's land once he received a new residence, but Michinobu was a strong favorite with Ieharu TOKUGAWA and received a new land in 1777 while still possessing his former residence in Takekawa-cho.
- 言継はこの事態に困惑しつつも臆せずこの要請を受ける返事をした後に仕度をして義栄のいる摂津国に向かっている(なお、昇進要請はその後却下され、元服の方も義昭が独自に行っている)。
- Tokitsugu was confused by this situation, but readied himself to go to Settsu Province in which Yoshihide lived after accepting Yoshiaki's request (subsequently, the request for Yoshiaki's promotion was rejected, and Yoshiaki went through Genpuku ceremony himself).
- 「この釣針を兄に返す時、『この針は、おぼ針、すす針、貧針、うる針(憂鬱になる針、心が落ち着かなくなる針、貧しくなる針、愚かになる針)』と言いながら、手を後に回して渡しなさい。」
- Keep your hands behind your back when you give the fishing hook back to your older brother saying 'this fishing hook is obobari, susubari, majibari, urubari (a fishing hook that makes you depressed, a fishing hook that makes you anxious, a fishing hook that make you poor, and a fishing hook that makes you dumb).'
- むなしく帰京した小君から「対面できず、お返事も下さらなかった」と聞いた薫は(自分が浮舟を宇治に隠していたように)「他の誰かが浮舟を小野に隠しているのではないか」と思うのだった。
- When he heard from Ogimi, who returned to Kyoto in vain, his report saying 'I couldn't meet Ukifune and she didn't give her response,' Kaoru suspected that someone else hid Ukifune in Uji (as he hid Ukifune in Uji).
- 扶桑社の歴史教科書では旧国定教科書と同様の説を採っているが、掲載された地図では、高千穂峰を宮崎市近くの海岸に設定し、神武一行は関門海峡手前で引き返し東に向かった形になっている。
- Fusosha's history textbook takes the same theory as the former government-designated textbook, but the map in Fusosha edition specifies Takachiho-no-mine Mountain on the coast near Miyazaki City, and the Kanmu troop tuned back near Kanmon-kaikyo Strait and headed east.
- しかし、大彦命だけは異変を察知して和珥坂(わにのさか、奈良県天理市)から引き返し、倭迹迹日百襲姫命の予言から武埴安彦(たけはにやすびこ、孝元天皇の皇子)の叛意を知ることとなる。
- However, Obiko no Mikoto encountered a strange occurrence and returned from Wani no Saka (Tenri City, Nara Prefecture), an event which led him to become aware of the prediction made by Princess Yamatototobimomoso Hime no Mikoto that Takehani Yasubiko (the son of Emperor Kogen) was plotting an act of treason.
- その間、薩摩・長州・土佐・肥前藩の建白により版籍奉還が企図され、同年9月諸藩の藩主(大名)は領地(版図)および人民(戸籍)を政府へ返還、大名は知藩事となり、家臣とも分離された。
- During this period, a plan to return land and people to the emperor was set by a petition from major clans Satsuma, Chofu, Tosa and Hizen, and was actually carried out in September, by returning land (called hanto) and people (family register) to the government, transforming the lord of domain (daimyo [Japanese feudal lord]) to chihanjis (modern-day governors), and separating vassals from each clan.
- 官人登用の法、甲子の宣の廃止、貴族・社寺の山・島・浦・林・池などの返還、畿外の豪族と才能のある百姓の任官への道を開き、官人の位階昇進の制度などを新設したりといった諸政を行った。
- Emperor Tenmu enforced a range of measures, such as a law relating to the appointment of government officials, the reversal of the Koshi pronouncement, and the ordering of the return to the court of mountains, islands, beaches, woods, ponds and other assets owned by aristocrats or shrines and temples; he also opened the way to government positions for members of powerful remote regional clans as well as those near the capital and talented farmers, and established a new court rank and promotion system.
- だが、土倉役を巡る延暦寺との対立は引き続き、その後も延暦寺などが勝手に徴収を行い、幕府が禁令を出すという事態の繰り返しが100年近く経た文明_(日本)年間にも繰り返されている。
- A conflict over dosoyaku with the Enryaku-ji Temple continued for nearly a hundred years, and the state that Enryaku-ji Temple collected dosoyaku at their discretion and the bakufu issued the ban was occurred repeatedly even in Bunmei Era (1469-1487).
- さらに追い打ちをかけるように、その父が病没してしまい多大な借金だけが残され、母・信子は借金を返すため昼夜を問わず働き続け、また直温は東林寺に預けられて兄弟は別れることとなった。
- Worse still, their father died from illness and left them a large debt that compelled their mother Nobuko to work day and night in order to repay the debt, and consequently the brothers were separated as Naoharu was sent to Torin-ji Temple.
- 寿永2年の平家都落ちの際に仁和寺に駆けつけ、拝領の『青山』を返上し和歌を残した逸話は、『平家物語』中「経正都落」、『源平盛衰記』中「経正仁和寺宮ヘ参リシ事」条などで著名である。
- When the Taira clan was exiled from the capital in 1183, he rushed to Ninna-ji Temple and returned 'Aoyama' which he was granted and offered waka; such episode was famous in 'Tsunemasa no Miyakoochi' (Tsunemasa's Flight from the Capital) of 'Heike Monogatari' (The tale of the Heike) and 'An episode of Tsunemasa's visit to Ninna-ji Temple' article of 'Genpei Seisuiki' (The Rise and Decline of the Minamoto and Taira clans), etc.
- だが、酒造業者の経営不振はやがて税収減少に跳ね返ることとなり、政府はどぶろくなどの自家醸造禁止などの酒造業者保護策を打ち出して酒造業者との妥協策を探る方向に転換することになった。
- Breweries' financial difficulties, however, eventually brought declining tax revenues back to the government and thus the government turned in another direction to seek compromise with the breweries by developing breweries protection measures such as the ban on home-brewing of doburoku (unrefined sake).
- 兄のホデリも獲物を捕えることができず、「山さちも己がさちさち、海さちも己がさちさち(山の幸も海の幸も、自分の道具でなくては得られない)」と言って自分の道具を返してもらおうとした。
- His older brother Hoderi also could not catch any animals, so he tried to get his tools back saying, 'the bounty of the mountain and the bounty of the sea cannot be obtained unless you use your own tools.'
- 『原中最秘抄』には「雲隠は幻の次なり 然に根本より此巻なし 然ば ふるき目録にも本よりなしとかきたり 多の有識才翰の人々に尋申侍りしにも全分不二覚悟一」(一、二は返り点)とある。
- 'Genchu saihisho' (Secret Notes of Suigensho) says that, 'Although Kumogakure comes next to Maboroshi, it does not exist at all and some old catalogues say it didn't exist in the first place, and even when asking many knowledgeable talented people about it, they don't know either.'
- これを憂慮した後白河上皇は、頼朝へ上洛を求めたが、頼朝は逆に東海道・東山道・北陸道の荘園・国衙領を元のように国司・本所に返還させる内容の宣旨(寿永二年十月宣旨)の発給を要求した。
- Concerned by this, Retired Emperor Go-Shirakawa requested that Yoritomo come to Kyoto, but instead Yoritomo requested that the issue of the declaration of October in 1183 (Juei-ninen Jugatsu no Senji) ordering shoen (manors in medieval Japan) and Kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) in Tokai-do, Tosan-do and Hokuriku-do to be returned to kokushi (provincial governors) and honjo (proprietor or guarantor of manor).
- ところが、その主たる面積を占めていた加賀国の旧大伴家持没官領が、藤原種継暗殺事件関係者の名誉回復に伴い、当時の官界の実力者伴善男の要求で伴氏(旧大伴氏)に返還されることとなった。
- However, after people involved in the assassination of FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu recovered their impaired reputation, confiscated territory of late Yakamochi OTOMO located in the Kaga Province, which accounted for the large portion of kangakuden, was returned to the Tomo clan (old Otomo clan) at the request of the then powerful figure in the bureaucracy TOMO no Yoshio.
- 平治元年(1159年)の平治の乱に際しては、兄の惟方が藤原信頼の叛乱軍に一旦加担しながら寝返るという動きを見せる中、成頼は終始冷静に行動し、後白河上皇を内裏から無事に脱出させる。
- When the Heiji War broke out in 1159, his brother Korekata once took part in the rebel army of FUJIWARA no Nobuyori and then switched sides, but Nariyori's action was coolheaded from start to finish, so he enabled the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa to escape from Dairi (the Inner Palace).
- 詫び証文は担当者の独断で書かれたものであったため、ことの露見を恐れた公用方は詫び証文を取り返そうと人を介して芹沢を説得し、芹沢は詫び証文を返すこととなり、嶋原角屋で宴会が開かれた。
- As the letter of apology was written at the arbitrary decision of the man in charge, Kuyogata, who feared that the incident would be exposed, persuaded SERIZAWA through a mediator in order to retrieve the letter of apology; it was decided that SERIZAWA would return the letter, and a party was held at Shimabara Sumi-ya Geisha House.
- 頼光が陰陽師(安倍晴明だとする話もある)に相談したところ、「必ず鬼が腕を取り返しにやって来るから、七日の間家に閉じこもり物忌みをし、その間は誰も家の中に入れないように」と言われた。
- Yorimitsu then consults with an onmyoji (a Heian-period sorcerer; in some accounts, the onmyoji he speaks to is none other than the famous ABE no Seimei), who informs Tsuna that 'The oni will definitely come here seeking to recover his arm, so shut yourself away in your house for seven days of ritual confinement, and do not allow anyone else to enter the house during this time.'
- 大江山鉱山から採掘されたニッケル鉱石はトラックと貨車輸送で石川県七尾市にあった七尾セメント(株)へ送られ、そこでセメント製造用のロータリーキルンで製錬のための工業試験を繰り返した。
- Nickel ore taken from Oeyama Mine was transported by truck or freight car to Nanao Cement in Nanao City, Ishikawa Prefecture where the industrial test for smelting was carried out repeatedly with the rotary kiln for manufacture of cement.
- はじめ北条氏の忠実な家臣として南奥州方面の政務を任されたが、後醍醐天皇から討幕の綸旨を受けると朝廷側に寝返って新田義貞と共に1333年に鎌倉に攻め入り、鎌倉幕府を滅ぼしてしまった。
- He was first appointed to be in charge of political affairs in the southern Oshu area as a loyal vassal of the Hojo clan, but when he received an order from Emperor Godaigo to attack the shogunate, he switched sides to the Imperial Court, invaded Kamakura in 1333 with Yoshisada NITTA, and destroyed the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- ところがそれは裏を返せば前年度予算がそのまま実行された場合には、当時の日本にとっての緊急の課題であった殖産興業や富国強兵政策のための新規事業が実施できなくなるという事も意味していた。
- What this really meant was that, if the budget of the previous fiscal year was adopted to the new fiscal year, the Japanese government could not carry out the urgent tasks such as promotion of growth of new industry and implementation of new businesses to increase wealth and military power.
- 開封が必要な場合には不動倉開検申請解と呼ばれる解_(公文書)を太政官に提出して許可を求め、不動開用符または不動充符と呼ばれる太政官符の交付とともに鑰の返送を得て初めて開封が行われた。
- In case the warehouse was required to be opened, each province had to submit a dajokanpu called Fudoso kaiken shinsei-ge to Daijokan for permission; then receiving a document called Fudo kaiyofu or Fudo-jufu issued from Daijokan along with the key, it was able to be opened.
- 有村らは勝鬨をあげ、刀の切先に直弼の首級を突きたてて引き上げにかかったが、昏倒していた小河原秀之丞が鬨の声を聞いて蘇生し、主君の首を奪い返そうと有村に追いすがって後頭部に切りつけた。
- As ARIMURA and the others celebrated their victory and headed back with the head of Naosuke at the tip of a sword; Hidenojo OGAWARA, who had been lying unconscious on the ground, regained consciousness by a shout of victory and, in an effort to take back his master's head, went after ARIMURA, striking him in the back of the head with a sword.
- クビライは予め「風濤の険阻を以って辞となすなかれ」と日本側への国書の手交を厳命していたが、その「風濤の険阻」を理由に使者の両名は渡海もせず引き返してきたことに憤慨してこれを却下した。
- Kublai had ordered them strictly to deliver the imperial letter to Japan and 'not to give up for a reason attributable to bad weather,' and thus, when both envoys returned without crossing the sea due to the reason of 'bad weather,' he got upset and did not accept it.
- また大石内蔵助はお家再興だけを目当てに盟約を参加していた者がいるであろうことを鑑みて、大高源五と貝賀弥左衛門に同志を訪ねさせて義盟への誓紙を一度返却させ、盟約から抜ける機会を与えた。
- Meanwhile, Kuranosuke OISHI sent Gengo OTAKA and Yazaemon KAIGA to their comrades in order to give them a chance to leave the alliance by handing the written oath back, as some might have joined the group simply for the restoration of the Asano clan.
- 大内攻めに加わっていた京極勢1000余騎が引き返して森山へ迫ると、秀満は土岐詮直と合流すべく美濃国へ向かうが途中で土一揆の蜂起に遭って潰走、秀満は主従2騎で落ちて行方知れずになった。
- When the Kyogoku force of 1000 men, who had joined the attack against the Ouchi, retraced their steps and neared Moriyama, Hidemitsu, trying to join up with Akinau TOKI, headed for Mino Province, but on the way he became caught in the middle of a farmers' uprising and was routed; Hidemitsu slipped away with just one close retainer and disappeared.
- また(徳川慶喜の大政奉還から転じて)企業において創業者一家以外の社長が(パナソニックの松下家、トヨタの豊田家など)創業者一家に社長の地位を返上することを「大政奉還」と呼ぶことがある。
- When a president of a company, who is not from the founder's family, returns the post to the founder's family (such as the Toyota family of Toyota and the Matsushita family of Panasonic), it can be referred to as Taisei Hokan from the Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's incident.
- 当初、戦局は信頼方に有利に展開するが、藤原惟方・藤原経宗らが敵方に寝返り二条天皇を内裏から脱出させたことから状況は一変、上皇も脱出し、信頼らは一転して賊軍としての立場に追い込まれる。
- In the beginning, the course of the war ran in Nobuyori's favor, but the situation drastically changed as FUJIWARA no Korekata and FUJIWARA no Tsunemune deserted, switching sides to the enemy and made the Emperor Nijo escape from Dairi, and the Retired Emperor escaped and Nobuyori and his allies were driven into the corner as a rebel army.
- 「たとえ細川家の嫡男の一人たりといえども、ぜったいに他人には、伝授しないこと、三条西家に、もし相伝が断絶するようなことがあれば責任をもって伝え返すこと」等を誓わせ、古今伝授を行った。
- Saneki made Yusai promise that he would never to relay the teachings to anyone, even the legal heir of the Hosokawa family, and that they were only to be taught to one descendent of the Sanjonishi family to prevent this knowledge left untold in the family.
- そのころ県内各島を巡回中であった警部安楽権中を乗せた汽船が、島の漲水港に入港するところであったが、大騒擾を傍観していた島民から事情を聞くと、踵を返して那覇市へ戻り、宮古の異状を伝えた。
- Around that time, a police inspector 安楽権中 was patrolling the islands on a steam ship and was about to enter the Chosui Harbor of Miyako-jima Island, however, an islander who had observed the huge disturbance informed the police inspector about the incident, and thus he turned around and headed to Naha to report the abnormal situation of Miyako.
- しかし、王国が用意したもてなしは、来客への慣例として行ったものに過ぎず、清からの冊封使に対するもてなしよりも下位の料理を出すことで、暗黙の内にペリーへの拒否(親書の返答)を示していた。
- The hospitality the kingdom extended to Perry and his officers, however, amounted to nothing more than a very ordinary level of hospitality--the dishes prepared were inferior to those offered to the Qing Dynasty's Imperial Chinese missions, an implicit indication that the kingdom was returning a negative response to the letter from the United States.
- 石山の次に大きい一揆であった加賀一向一揆は柴田勝家と交戦していたが、講和条件には加賀江沼・能美2郡を本願寺に返付する条項があったため信長と顕如がそれぞれ停戦を命じたものの戦闘は続いた。
- The second largest ikki, Kaga Ikko Ikki, in which the ikki force fought against Katsuie SHIBATA, continued even after Nobunaga and Kennyo ordered them to cease the battle because the peace agreement included a provision to return the two districts, Enuma and Nomi in Kaga Province to Hongan-ji Temple.
- 亀の恩返し(報恩)と言うモチーフを取るようになったのも『御伽草子』以降のことで、乙姫、竜宮城、玉手箱が登場するのも中世であり、『御伽草子』の出現は浦島物語にとって大きな変換点であった。
- The motif of the turtle returning the favor in gratitude was established after 'Otogi zosh,i' and moreover, Otohime, Ryugu-jo Castle, and the tamatebako (Urashima's casket) appeared in the Medieval period, and so the appearance of 'Otogi zoshi' marked a considerable change in the tale of Urashima.
- ダイヤが乱れたことで出町柳ゆき列車に大幅な遅延が発生した場合、一部列車の運転を当駅で打ち切り、そのまま当駅始発として折り返すことで後続列車との運用を入れ換え、ダイヤの回復を図っている。
- When trains to Demachiyanagi Station are delayed due to a disruption of the schedule, KER reschedules the timetable by stopping some trains at Sanjo Station and turning them back immediately, thereby allowing following trains to make up time.
- 御成敗式目によれば、親が子息に譲渡した所領の悔返には何ら妨げは無く、娘の場合でも同様であること、たとえ鎌倉幕府から安堵下文を下されて子息に保障された所領でも例外ではないことが定められた。
- According to Goseibai-shikimoku (code of conduct for samurai), there was nothing to stop Kuikaeshi against properties given to their children from parents and this was the same when it was given to daughters; and even if it was a property guaranteed with an Andokudashibumi from the Kamakura Shogunate, they were not to be an exception.
- しかし天文17年(1548年)、長慶が氏綱側に寝返ったため、一転して晴元側が不利となり、天文18年(1549年)には江口の戦いで長慶に敗れて晴元は足利義晴・足利義輝と共に近江に逃亡した。
- In 1548, however, Nagayoshi went over to Ujitsuna's side and Harumoto suddenly came to be in a disadvantageous position, and in 1549, he fled to the Omi Province with Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA and Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA after he was defeated by Nagayoshi at the Battle of Eguchi.
- 仲介役の坂本臣等の祖である根臣が、大草香皇子の「お受けする」との返答に付けた押木玉鬘(おしきのたまかつら:金銅冠?)を横取りするために、天皇に「大草香皇子は拒否した」と偽りの讒言をする。
- The agent Ne no Omi (the ancestor of Sakamoto no Omi) made a false remark to the Emperor, saying that the Imperial Prince Okusaka refused the order, in order to pocket the Oshiki no Tamakatsura Crown (made of gold and copper?) that the Imperial Prince Okusaka had trusted to Ne no Omi to show his acceptance.
- 明治になって再び朝廷に政権が返った事により、江戸幕府の大奥や西洋の宮廷の例のように皇后やその周辺の側近が国政に関与する可能性も存在したが、彼女は自らを律して国政に直接関与する事を戒めた。
- Due to the return of political power to the court during Meiji Period, there was a possibility that the empress along with advisers close to the empress could take part in the national government, like the O-oku in the Edo Bakufu or the Imperial Court in Western countries, but the Empress disciplined herself and prohibited themselves from taking part in the national government.
- なお始めの名称は「冷然院」であったが、たびたび火災による焼失と再建を繰り返したことから「然」の字が「燃」に通じ不吉であるとされて、天暦8年(954年)頃の再建の際に「冷泉院」に改称した。
- The original name was 'Reizenin' (冷然院), and it was renamed 'Reizeiin' (冷泉院) when it was restored around 954, because 'Reizenin' (冷然院) was considered unlucky for the reason that the character of '然' was similar to '燃' which means 'burn'; in fact, it had burned out and been restored a few times.
- 各藩とも藩政改革を推進してその打開を図ったが黒船来航以来の政治的緊張によって多額の財政出費を余儀なくされて、廃藩置県を前に自ら領土の返上を申し出る藩主(藩知事)さえ出てくる状況であった。
- Domains tried to improve the situation by implementing restructuring domain politics, but this required vast expenditures due to the political strain in the wake of the arrival of the Black Ships and some domain lords (hanchiji) wanted to return their territory before haihan-chiken was implemented.
- 長政は調略においても西軍の小早川秀秋や吉川広家など諸将の寝返りを交渉する役目も務めており、それらの功により戦後、家康から一番の功労者として筑前名島(福岡)に52万3000石を与えられた。
- In terms of strategy, Nagamasa negotiated with warlords of the western squad such as Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA and Hiroie KIKKAWA in order to have them switch sides; and due to such achievements, he was granted 523,000 koku in Chikuzen Najima (Fukuoka) by Ieyasu after the war as having rendered the most distinguished service.
- 煬帝の家臣である裴世清を連れて帰国した妹子は、返書を百済に盗まれて無くしてしまったと言明している(「臣參還之時 唐帝以書授臣 然經過百濟國之日 百濟人探以掠取 是以不得上」『日本書紀』)。
- According to 'Nihonshoki,' Imoko said he did not have the reply because a person from Baekje stole it, when he returned to Japan with Hai Seisei, a vassal of Yang Guang.
- この大石の動きに苛立つ堀部ら江戸急進派は、6月頃から内蔵助江戸下向を迫る書状を送りつけてくるようになったが、大石はひたすら大学のため隠忍自重するよう求める返書を書き続け、江戸下向を避けた。
- Although Oishi's actions irritated the Edo radicals and they began sending letters to request coming down to Edo since June, he kept on declining by telling them to stay calm for the sake of Daigaku.
- なお、寺社に対する寄進については、寺社側から神仏への寄進物を悔返す謂れはないとする主張が強く唱えられ、こうした寄進は悔返の対象にはならないことが中世の1つの大法として確立することとなった。
- As for donations to temples and shrines, there was a strong insistence that there was no base for taking back the gifts to the Shinto and Buddhist deities from the temples and shrines; and it was established, as a Daiho (great traditions of Esoteric practices) of the Medieval Period of Japan, that these donation were not to be subject to Kuikaeshi.
- 政府内における急進的な民権論者であり「牛馬ニ物ノ返弁ヲ求ムルノ理ナシ」として牛馬解放令とも呼ばれた司法省達第二十二号(娼妓解放令)、民衆に行政訴訟を認めた司法省達第四十六号などが知られる。
- Shinpei was a radical government liberal, and he is known for the Ministry of Justice law no. 22 (prostitute liberation law) which was also called the livestock liberation law, as well as the Ministry of Justice law no. 46 which recognized administrative litigation for the people.
- 修験道の神道書『大和葛城宝山記』では、天沼矛を天地開闢 (日本神話)の際に発生した霊物であり梵天を化生したとし、金剛杵と見なされ魔を打ち返す働きを持つとして別名を天魔反戈というとされている。
- 'Yamato Katsuragi Hozan-ki', the Shinto book of Shugendo (Japanese ascetic and shamanistic practice in mountainous sites), explains that Amenonuboko is a mystical object generated at the time of tenchi-kaibyaku (creation of heaven and earth), which is an incarnation of Bonten (Brahma, a major Hindu deity thought to be responsible for creating the world), and that it is regarded as a vajra which has a power to smash the evil and has another name Amanomagaeshi no hoko.
- その後の三国干渉に際しては、御前会議で推進された列国会議開催による干渉阻止案にあくまでも反対して、列強からの干渉を排して戦争の成果を多く日本に留める事に専念するために遼東半島返還を決断した。
- In the later Triple Intervention, he stood firm against the plan of preventing intervention by convening of the conference of the nations of the world that was promoted in the conference in the presence of the emperor, and decided to return the Liaodong Peninsula in order to concentrate on leaving the results of the war in Japan as much as possible, eliminating the intervention from the world powers.
- 同盟軍が苦戦していた白河口へ援軍を送ったが、その直後に秋田の久保田藩およびがその周辺の小藩が新政府側へと寝返ったため、白川口へ派遣した部隊を帰還させるとともに、それら新政府側の藩へ侵攻した。
- The Shonai Domain sent reinforcements to the allied forces in an uphill battle at Shirakawaguchi, but made the troops retreat from there since the Kubota Domain in Akita as well as the smaller domains near-by defected to the new government's side; at the same time, it launched an attack on these defecting domains.
- しかし、頼貞の生前の散財に加え、頼貞が1954年に没した後に借金返済のために遺族が興した事業は次々と失敗に終わり、更に家庭内のスキャンダルも重なったため、戦後はマスコミの格好の餌食となった。
- However, not only did the family suffer Yorisada's squandering during his lifetime, but also the businesses it had launched after his death in 1954 to pay off the debt made by him failed one after another, and furthermore, a scandal took place in the family; thus, during the post-war period, the Kishu family fell victim to the burning curiosity of the mass media.
- 『早字二重鑑』(いろは順が二回繰り返される近代辞書に似た形式)、『急用間合即座引』(いろは順の次に語尾の仮名で分類)、『大成正字通』(いろは順、部門分類、濁音仮名の有無の三段階)などである。
- For example, there were 'Hayaji Niju Kagami' (in which the words were classified and subclassified in iroha order similar to modern dictionaries), 'Kyuyomaniai Sokuzabiki'(in which the words were classified in iroha order and subclassified by kana at the end of each word) and 'Taisei seijitsu' (in which the words were classified in three steps: In iroha order, by category and by presence or absence of the Japanese syllabary for voiced consonants).
- 明の皇帝に朝貢する形式をとった勘合貿易を1404年(応永11年)から始め、また明に要請されて倭寇を鎮圧した(なお、返礼の使者を送るまでに靖難の変が起き、建文帝から永楽帝に皇帝が変わっていた)。
- In 1404, he started Japan-Ming trade that took the form of tribute to the Ming emperor. He also was able to suppress Japanese pirates (however, before the Ming's government could dispatch an envoy to convey the emperor's gratitude to the Japanese government, the Seinan War broke out in Ming, Emperor Jianwen abdicated, and Emperor Yongle took the throne).
- これは神物・仏物であった所領を現在の所有者から没収して強制的に寺社に返還させる一方、僧侶・神官の相続が私物化の原因にあるとして僧侶・神官が職の体系を弟子や子弟に無条件に継承させることを禁じた。
- Those Jisha Kogyo forfeited the shoryo, which should have been the god's belongings or Buddha's belongings, from the current holder and forcefully returned the shoryo to the temples or the shrines; besides, based on the reasoning such that the privatization was caused by the inheritance of the positions of the Buddhist monks and shrine priests, the Jisha Kogyo prohibited the monks and priests to inherit the position to disciples and children at their own discretion.
- また、当時の歳出は公債返済の占める割合が多く削減の割合が多かったこと、また民党議員でも地元の公共事業への予算配分を求める意見があるなど政費節減のための具体策については民党内でもまとまらなかった。
- In addition, the expenditure was often reduced since repayment of bonds had a higher percentage of the annual government expenditure at that time, and some of the councilors of Minto called for budget distribution to their local public work projects, indicating a specific measure for expense savings could not be finalized even in Minto.
- この時代、所領所職を媒介とした譲与・寄進が盛んになる中で、所有権の安定を図るために悔返の出来ない権利移転である「和与」の原則を導入することで、所有権を巡る訴訟抑制の効果があったと考えられている。
- In those days when an increasing number of people made gift/donation of territories and right of governing manors, the principle of 'wayo,' or transfer of rights which cannot be canceled was introduced to ensure the security of title is believed to have helped to decrease the number of lawsuits about title.
- その後、8世紀後期から9世紀を通じて律令制を維持または再構築しようとする試みが繰り返されたが、大多数の貧困百姓層とごく少数の富裕百姓層(富豪層)という百姓層内の階層分離はますます加速していった。
- Although measures aiming to maintain or restructure the Ritsuryo system were repeatedly implemented during the period from late 8th century to 9th century, peasants were increasingly split into a large majority of peasants in poverty and a small minority of wealthy peasants (wealthy peasants class).
- 天正10年(1582年)2月1日、新府城築城のため更に賦役が増大していたことに不満を募らせた義昌はついに勝頼を裏切り、織田信忠(信長の長男)に弟の上松義豊を人質として差し出し、織田氏に寝返った。
- On February 1, 1582, Yoshimasa, who was displeased with Katsuyori's policy to effectuate another increase in forced labor for the construction of Shinpu-jo Castle, finally betrayed Katsuyori and defected to the Oda clan by sending his younger brother, Yoshitoyo UEMATSU, to Nobutada ODA (Nobunaga's eldest son) as a hostage.
- しかし和議が整うと孝胤は千葉氏当主を自称できなくなり、山内上杉家に終生復讐を繰り返した長尾景春とともに、和議に反対し名目上は足利成氏を主君としながらもその古河御所への帰城は阻止する方針を固めた。
- Once the peace was established, however, Noritane was no longer able to declare himself the head of the Chiba clan, so he was against this peace negotiation together with Kageharu NAGAO, who repeatedly attempted to exact revenge on the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family throughout his life, and his nominal lord was still Shigeuji ASHIKAGA but he decided firmly to prevent Shigeuji from returning to the Koga Imperial Palace.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後は、後醍醐天皇の時代には親王任国となっていたため、後の後村上天皇となる義良親王が陸奥国府に入り、北畠顕家が陸奥大介鎮守府大将軍を務め、東北勢を率いて足利尊氏の勢力と大戦を繰り返した。
- Imperial Prince Norinaga, who became the Emperor Gomurakami later, entered Mutsu kokufu, the provincial capital of Mutsu Province, which had become shinno ninkoku (the province whose gubernatorial posts were reserved as sinecures for imperial princes) in the time of Emperor Godaigo after the downfall of Kamakura bakufu, and Akiie KITABATAKE, as Mutsu Osuke (Assistant Governor of Mutsu Province) and Chinju-fu daishogun, had mighty battles against the force of Takauji ASHIKAGA leading the force of Tohoku (north) region.
- 当子内親王が斎宮に卜定されて伊勢下向の儀式「別れの御櫛」に臨んだ際、天皇も斎宮も互いに振り返ってはならない決まりであったのを、父三条天皇は別れがたさに思わず振り返らせてしまったという(『大鏡』)。
- At the ceremony of 'Wakare no Migushi' which was held when Imperial Princess Toshi, who had been appointed to Saigu by divination, was about to depart for Ise Province, her father, Emperor Sanjo, made her look back at him because of the pain of parting, although neither the Emperor nor she was allowed to do so (according to 'Okagami' - the Great Mirror).
- 当時の朝廷には政権を運営する能力も体制もなく、一旦形式的に政権を返上しても、公家衆や諸藩を圧倒する勢力を有する徳川家が天皇の下の新政府に参画すれば実質的に政権を握り続けられると考えてのことである。
- As the Imperial Court at that time had no ability and system to come into power, Yoshinobu thought that the Tokugawa family could practically have control over political administration if the family, which had a power to overwhelm Kugeshu (court nobles) and domains, participated in the new government under the Emperor even if the family formally returned the power.
- 朝鮮を属国としていた清との日清戦争に勝利し、朝鮮半島への影響力を排除したものの、中国への進出を目論むロシア、フランス、ドイツからの三国干渉によって、下関条約で割譲を受けた遼東半島は清に返還された。
- In the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-'95, Japan defeated the Qing Dynasty, and removed its influence over its formal vassal Korea; However, in spite of the fact that the Liaodong Peninsula was ceded to Japan by the Qing under the Treaty of Shimonoseki, Japan was prompted to return Liaodong to the Qing under pressure from the Triple Intervention of Russia, France, and Germany that sought to secure their own ambitions in China.
- 伊那街道沿いの武田勢力は恐れをなし、織田の先鋒隊が信濃に入った同日、岩村への関門・滝沢(長野県下伊那郡阿智村・平谷村周辺)の領主であった下条信氏の家老・下条九兵衛が信氏を追放して織田軍に寝返った。
- The invasion caused panic among Takeda's troops stationed along the Ina-kaido Road, and on the day when the Oda army's vanguard invaded Shinano Province, Kyube SHIMOJO, Chief Retainer of Nobuuji SHIMOJO, who was the lord of Takizawa (areas around the present-day Achi-mura and Hiraya-mura in Shimoina-gun, Nagano Prefecture), a territory that formed a barrier preventing entry into Iwamura, expelled Nobuuji and defected to the Oda army.
- 1541年に出雲国の尼子経久が没すと、義隆は1542年1月に晴持らを率いて出雲に出陣したが、三刀屋久扶、本城常光らの寝返りで大内軍は総崩れとなり、義隆と晴持は別々の船で周防に退却することになった。
- After Tsunehisa AMAGO of Izumo Province died in 1541, Yoshitaka led Harumochi and others to invade Izumo in January, 1542; however, the Ouchi force was devastated due to the betrayal of Hisasuke MITOYA and Tsunemitsu HONJO, and as a result, Yoshitaka and Harumochi decided to retreat to Suo by different ships.
- 応仁の乱で所領である美濃国郡上を斎藤妙椿に奪われはしたものの10首の和歌をもって返還が叶ったので、東常縁は文明元年(1469年)4月に帰京し、文明3年(1471年)には宗祇に古今伝授を行っている。
- Although Tsuneyori TO was deprived of his territory at Gujo in Mino Province by Myochin SAITO during the Onin War, he recovered it by sending 10 waka (a 31-syllable Japanese poem), and then he returned to Kyoto in April 1469 and did kokin-denju (the secret transmissions of the 'Kokinshu,' the Anthology of Old and New Japanese Poems) for the Japanese poet named Sogi in 1471.
- 実際に弘安4年から翌年にかけて九州の諸社及び伊勢神宮に対して「神領興行」と呼ばれる一種の徳政令が発布されて、幕府の安堵状が出されている御家人領も含めた全ての旧神領を神社へ返還するよう命じられている。
- In fact, from 1281 to the following year, a kind of Tokuseirei (ordering return of land sold and dissolution of debts) called 'Shinryo Kyogo' was issued for various shrines in Kyushu and Ise-jingu Shrine, ordering all land formerly owned by shrines, including the land granted to bakufu's vassals by its official letter, to be returned to the shrines.
- ちなみに、北条時宗の反対で出される事はなかったものの、朝廷がクビライに出そうとした返書は「日本は天照大神以来の神国であって、外国に臣従する謂れはない」とするかなり過激な内容だったとも伝えられている。
- Meanwhile, the reply that the Japanese Imperial Court intended to give, though it was not given because Tokimune HOJO opposed to it, is said to have contained rather aggressive phrases, saying 'Japan is a country protected by the gods, originating from Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess), and thus there is no reason to obey a foreign country.'
- 借銭・本銭返・年季売などは現時点で決済を行い、決算後に利息や収穫物などによる返済が元金の半額を越えていれば、質物となった田畠や物品、及び半額を超過した支払分を直ちに本主(元の所有者)に返還すること。
- Debts, honsengaeshi (a trade of real estate with the agreement of buying back in the Middle Ages), nenkiuri (land sold for a predetermined period, usually ten years, after which it would revert to its owner), etc. shall be settled right now, and in the case where payment for interest and payment in harvest exceed half of the principal amount after the settlement, fields and goods in pledge and payment in excess of half of the principal shall immediately be returned to honshu (original owner).
- 鎌倉時代の『明法条々勘録』に引用されている平安時代中期(摂関政治期)の明法家惟宗允亮の著作『政事要略』逸文には、「志与他人之後 専無返領之理」という見解が出現しそれが通規(通説)であると述べている。
- 'Myobojojokanroku' (A Commentary of the Ritsuryo Codes) published in the Kamakura period quotes unknown or lost writings of 'Seiji Yoryaku' (Brief Outline of Government) written by KOREMUNE no Masasuke, a lawyer in the mid-Heian period (Sekkanseiji period [regency period]), which present the view that 'there is almost no reason to return the territory after 'kokorozashi ataeru' to others' as a general rule (prevailing theory).
- 中世の土地売買には今日の売却に相当する永代売、元金をもって買い戻す本銭返、そして年期売があったが、売主である本主の権限が最も色濃く残された年期売が農民層を中心として広く行われていたと考えられている。
- Medieval methods for selling land included the permanent sale, which corresponds to land sales today, the honsengaeshi, under which those with capital could buy back the sold land, and finally the nenki-uri, but it is thought that the nenki-uri, under which the seller had the most pronounced authority and power, became the most widely used contract, especially among farmers.
- 大河ドラマ『北条時宗 (NHK大河ドラマ)』では基平は元 (王朝)(モンゴル)への返書を非として亀山天皇の眼前で切腹自害し、北条時輔の介錯を受ける硬派な関白として登場するが、勿論フィクションである。
- In the annual year-long historical drama series 'Tokimune HOJO,' Motohira was depicted as an uncompromising Kanpaku as could be seen in the scene where he committed seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) aided by Tokisuke HOJO's act of kaishaku (a merciful blow on to the neck by a second with a sword) in front of Emperor Kameyama, insisting that Tokimune not respond to the letter from Yuan (Mongolia); however, the story is, of course, fictional.
- 堪りかねた岩倉から「今日の挙は、すべて宸断(天皇の決断)によって行なわれたものであるぞ」「大失言であるぞ」「天子を捉まえて幼沖とは何事か」「土州、土州、返答せよ」と容堂は面前で大叱責されてしまった。
- Iwakura, not having been able to control his rage, shouted back to Yodo and said 'all these decisions have been made by the Emperor,' 'what you said was totally inappropriate,' 'how could you call our Emperor a young emperor,' and 'Tosa clan, Tosa clan, respond to me.'
- だが、1990年代に遠山美都男が改めて倭姫即位説を、2000年代に入って倉本一宏が倭姫の即位を予定した段階での乱勃発を説くなど、中継ぎ女帝論を背景にした倭姫即位・称制説が盛り返し、決着はついていない。
- Mitsuo TOYAMA advocated the Yamatohime no Okimi enthronement theory again in the 1990's and Kazuhiro KURAMOTO asserted a theory in the 2000's that the Jinshin War broke out when the enthronement of Yamatohime no Okimi was planned, resulting in revival of the Yamatohime no Okimi enthronement and Shosei theories with the background of a relay successor empress theory, and the issue was still unsettled.
- (ただし、外孫(娘の子)に対する悔返は本来は娘に準拠して悔返が認められるとしつつも、実際に問題が生じた場合には証文や所領の実態を見て判断することされ、外孫の実家との対立を抑制する方針が採られている)。
- (For Kuikaeshi against Sotomago [grandchild from a daughter married into another family], although it says that Kuikaeshi was allowed according as daughters, in reality, if there was an issue raised, it had to be judged by checking the deed and the shoryo [territory] to avoid confrontation against the family of the Sotomago.)
- 当時、和与ではなく志与(こころざしあたえる)という用語が用いられているものの、他人への好意から進んで与えたもの(志)は返還(悔返)できないという後世の和与の原則と共通する見解が通説として扱われている。
- Although the word 'kokorozashi ataeru' was used instead of wayo around that time, an idea treated as the prevailing view is similar to the principle concerning wayo in the later period that what one gives to the other as a favor (kokorozashi) cannot be restored (canceled).
- 平家方は序盤は鎌倉方が静まり返るほど矢を射かけて互角以上に戦っていたが、射尽すと逆に水上からは義経軍に、陸上からは範頼軍に射かけられるままとなり、防御装備の貧弱な水手・梶取たちから犠牲となっていった。
- The Taira forces made the opening attack, in which they fired so many arrows they stopped the Kamakura forces in their tracks, and were more than holding their own in the battle, but once they ran out of arrows, they were attacked in turn by Yoshitsune's archers on sea, and Noriyori's archers on land, and the Taira were mowed down, starting with their boatmen and rowers, who lacked adequate defensive equipment.
- 三国干渉(さんごくかんしょう)は、下関条約で大日本帝国への割譲が決定された遼東半島を清へ返還するよう、フランス・ドイツ帝国・ロシア帝国の3国が1895年4月23日に行った日本に対する勧告のことである。
- The Triple Intervention refers to the recommendation made by France, the German Empire and the Russian Empire to Japan on April 23, 1895 that Liaodong Peninsula which was given to the Japan Empire as wartime reparation based on the Treaty of Shimonoseki be returned to Qing, China.
- なお、この事件から、イザナミのことを黄泉津大神(よもつおほかみ)・道敷大神(ちしきのおほかみ)とも呼び、黄泉比良坂を塞いだ大岩を道返之大神(ちかへしのおほかみ)・黄泉戸大神(よみとのおほかみ)とも言う。
- In addition, because of this event, Izanami is also called Yomotsu Okami (the great god of the Yominokuni) or Chishiki no Okami (the god who caught up [with Izanagi]), and the boulder that was used to close the Yomotsu Hirasaka off is called Chikaeshi no Okami (the god to the way back to the Yominokuni) or Yomito no Okami (the god of the door to the Yominokuni).
- 明治天皇に政権を返上した(=大政奉還)後、公武合体を目指すが、王政復古 (日本)後の鳥羽・伏見の戦いでは、旧幕府軍を残したまま大坂城から江戸城へ戻り、朝廷から追討令を受けて謹慎し、江戸城を無血開城した。
- After he returned his right to administer government to Emperor Meiji (Taisei Hokan), he worked aiming to unite the nobles and samurai (Kobu Gattai); however, during the Battle of Toba-Fushimi that took place after the Restoration of Imperial Rule (Osei Fukko), he left the Shogunate army behind at Osaka-jo Castle and returned to Edo-jo Castle; thereafter, he received a subjugation order from the Imperial Court and entered into disciplinary confinement which led to the Bloodless Surrender of Edo-jo Castle.
- その直接さがゆえ、徳川慶喜は維新後、長州に対しての恨みが消えていったが、佐幕派を装いつつ結果的に寝返った薩摩に対しての恨みは強かったと言われる(司馬遼太郎著『最後の将軍 徳川慶喜』『竜馬がゆく』ほか)。
- Perhaps because of such directness, after the restoration Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's ill feelings against the Choshu disappeared; however, it is said that he had strong ill feelings against Satsuma, which pretended to be pro-Bakufu but ultimately moved over to the enemy ('Last Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (最後の将軍 徳川慶喜),' 'Ryoma ga yuku (竜馬がゆく),' written by Ryotaro SHIBA).
- 信長からは丹波国を平定させた明智光秀の軍を送るとの返事を得たものの、1日も早く備中高松城を落城させよという厳しい命が下り、秀吉が不安と焦りに駆られていたころ、軍師・黒田官兵衛孝高が水攻めの策を進言した。
- While Nobunaga replied that he would send the troops of Mitsuhide AKECHI, who had subjugated Tanba Province, but gave strict orders to conquer Bitchu Takamatsu-jo Castle as soon as possible, Hideyoshi, alarmed and frustrated, heard his strategist Kanbei Yoshitaka KURODA offer an idea of using inundation tactics.
- その一例として、義貞が摂津豊島河原で尊氏を破り九州へ敗走させた後、勾当内侍との別れを惜しんで追撃を怠ったため、尊氏が勢力を盛り返し湊川で官軍を破って入京したという、義貞のだらしなさを強調する記述がある。
- For example, there is a description, which emphasized Yoshimasa's lax character, stating that after Yoshisada defeated Takauji at Teshimagawara in Settsu and drove him to Kyushu, that he didn't chase him further since he was unwilling to part from Koto no naishi, and that he eventually allowed Takauji to recover power, defeating the Imperial army at Minatogawa and then returned to Kyoto.
- ただし、江戸時代に同様の事件で改易、取り潰しにあった大名家の家臣で徒党を組んで正面切った意趣返しをしたのは本件だけであり、その他の浪人に対し討ち入りをしなかったとして倫理的な批判が向けられたわけではない。
- However, this was the only revenge done so openly by a faction of retainers from feudal lord families who experienced sudden dismissal and deprivation of positions, privileges, and properties and elimination of their clans, and therefore, it was not that other roshi were given logical criticism for not participating in the revenge.
- その後、麹屋側の巻き返しにより天文_(元号)14年(1545年)には再度北野麹座による麹の独占が許されるものの、室町幕府の権威が完全に失墜した状況下では時は既に遅く、やがて麹造りは酒屋業の一工程となった。
- After that, though the monopoly of the koji malt by Kitano koji za was permitted again in 1545 due to the catch up by Kitano koji za, it was too late, as the Muromachi bakufu had fallen from power, and the production of koji malt had become integrated into the sakaya industry.
- が、永禄11年(1568年)、宇喜多直家に主力の重臣である宇垣与右衛門を謀殺され、さらに直家の調略により虎倉城主の伊賀久隆に寝返られ、同年7月、宇喜多勢に金川城を攻撃され元輝は伊賀久隆の鉄砲隊により討死。
- In 1568, however, Yoemon UGAKI, his important senior vassal, was killed by Naoie UKITA, and Hisataka IGA, the lord of Kogura-jo Castle, went over to the other side by Naoie's plot, and in August in the same year, Kanagawa-jo Castle was attacked by the Ukita's forces, and Mototeru was killed by the firearms troop of Hisataka IGA.
- その他、島津氏と結んでいた筑前の秋月種実が日向に移封され、大村氏との対立から長崎港の襲撃や南蛮船からの通行料徴収を強要などを繰り返していた深堀純賢を海賊禁止令違反として所領没収にするなどの処分が行われた。
- Furthermore, Tanezane AKIZUKI in Chikuzen who colluded with the Shimazu clan was transferred to Hyuga, and Sumimasa FUKABORI, who repeatedly attacked Nagasaki Port and charged transport dues on the early European ships because of his confrontation with the Omura clan, was punished by depriving him of his territory for violation of Ban on Piracy.
- 立会いを繰り返すうちに次第に木剣を使用するようになり、他の武芸者と勝負しなくなる29歳直前の頃には、もっぱら巌流島の闘いで用いた櫂の木刀を自分で復元し(現物は巌流島の決闘の後に紛失した)剣術に用いていた。
- By accumulating the experience of fighting, he began to use a wooden sword; at about age of twenty-nine, he was using replicas of the wooden sword which he had used in the duel at Ganryu-jima Island; soon after the duel, he had lost the wooden sword and since then, he made those replicas, however, at the age of twenty-nine, he stopped fighting with swordsmen.
- しかし忠政の死後水野氏を継いだ於大の兄水野信元が1544年に松平家の主君今川氏と絶縁して織田氏に従ったため、於大は今川家との関係を慮った広忠により離縁され、実家水野家の・三河国刈谷城(刈谷市)に返された。
- However, the Odai's older brother Nobumoto MIZUNO who succeeded the Mizuno clan after the death of Tadamasa broke relations with the Imagawa clan who was the master of the Matsudaira family and followed Oda clan in 1544, Odai was divorced by Hirotada who worried about relations with the Imagawa family and returned to Kariya-jo Castle (Kariya City) of the Mizuno family in Mikawa Province.
- また、元禄の酒株改めによって幕府は一時的に全国の醸造業界の実態を把握したものの、酒造株高と酒造米高の格差は放置しておけば再びどんどん広がっていくので、これ以後も幕府は時に応じて酒株改めを繰り返すことになる。
- Even after temporarily realizing the actual situation of the sake brewing industry through the Revision of the Sakekabu System in the Genroku Era, the bakufu repeatedly conducted the revision of the sakekabu system in a timely manner because the gap between shuzokabu amount and the amount of rice for brewing sake would again continue to widen unless actions were taken.
- 大政奉還(たいせいほうかん)とは、江戸時代末期の慶応3年10月14日(1867年11月9日)に、江戸幕府第15代将軍徳川慶喜が、統治権返上を明治天皇に上奏し、翌15日に天皇が上奏を勅許した政治的事件である。
- Taisei Hokan is a political incident in which the 15th Shogun of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA reported to the Emperor Meiji that he would return the sovereignty to the Emperor on November 9, 1867 at the end of Edo period, and the Emperor gave the imperial sanction to the report on the next day.
- 応仁の乱に際して、孝景が東軍に寝返った後、文明_(日本)3年6月10日 (旧暦)の河俣での合戦、同年8月24日 (旧暦)の新庄・鯖江での合戦及び文明11年11月21日 (旧暦)の金津夜討で手柄を立てている。
- After Takakage switched allegiances to the East army during the Onin war, Hisashige made outstanding wins in the battles of Kawamata on July 7, 1471, and of Sabae, Shinjo on September 17, 1471, and in the Kanazu night raid on January 11, 1480.
- これは裏を返せば後見人である蓮淳自身の権力拡大が目的であったが、形式上は「法主を頂点とした権力機構の確立」という実如以来の方針に忠実に従ったものであったから、この大義名分を前に異論を挿める者は存在しなかった。
- This actually aimed to expand the guardian Renjun's authority, but formally he was following the policy that had been kept since Jitsunyo, 'the establishment of the power structure with hoshu at the top,' and for this legitimate reason, no one could raise an objection against him.
- それをあえて成文法化して天皇の職務として規定した事は裏を返せば、君主である天皇本来の職務でありながら同条において何ら規定されていない大政に関する権限を有していない事を「法」として規定したものであるとも言える。
- That was made into a statutory law as a duty of the emperor in Article 1, which means that the article 'stipulates' that the emperor did not have the authority to hold the reins of government in fact, which should have been the essential duty of the emperor.
- このため、穀倉院領となった旧勧学田を大学寮に返還することは、財政政策上採るところではなかった朝廷はその代償として、穀倉院から一部学生への学問料支給を行うことで大学寮側からの不満の緩和に努めたと考えられている。
- Under such circumstances, the Imperial court couldn't return the former kangakuden, which was then the territory of Kokuso-in, to Daigaku-ryo and intended to ease the dissatisfaction of Daigaku-ryo by getting Kokuso-in to grant Gakumonryo to selected students in return.
- 土御門家_(安倍氏)は、代々陰陽頭を務めていたが、江戸時代初期に土御門泰重がその座を幸徳井家に譲渡、その後その陰陽師支配の権限を巡る争いから陰陽頭の返上を求める泰重とこれを拒む幸徳井家側との対立が長く続いた。
- The Tsuchimikado family (the Abe clan) served as Onmyo no kami (Director of Onmyoryo, or Bureau of Divination) for generations, however, the post was transferred by Yasushige TSUCHIMIKADO to the Kotokui family at the beginning of Edo period, and after that, the conflicts over the authenticity of the control of the Onmyoji long lasted between Yasushige who was requiring to return the post of Director and the Kotokui family, but who was rejected the return.
- 文永4年(1267年)には悔返の対象となり得ない他人和与(第三者への譲渡)そのものを禁止し、また従来夫が所領を譲与した後に離別しても妻に罪が無ければ悔返が出来なかったが、ここで改嫁した前妻への悔返が認められた。
- In 1267, compromise to a third person (compromise to a non-blood relative) which could not be the subject of Kuikaeshi was banned and before this Kuikaeshi against an ex-wife who a husband gave property to then divorced was not allowed unless she was a criminal, but it was changed to allow Kuikaeshi against ex-wife who married again.
- ところが、大久保忠教は旗奉行の不首尾は古参譜代衆を差し置いて新参者に旗奉行のような要職を任せた家康の失態であり、高齢の家康には汚名返上の機会はないと思い、旗は倒れなかったと主張して聞かなかったという逸話がある。
- An anecdote is told about this, however, that Tadataka OKUBO strongly insisted that the flag was never fallen, because he worried that if it was revealed that the failure of Hata bugyo was attributable to failure of Ieyasu who left such an important post as Hata bugyo to newcomers by neglecting senior fudaishu (hereditary daimyo), no opportunity would be left for old-age Ieyasu to clear such dishonor.
- また、新任の大臣の上表としては、治安 (日本)元年(1021年)に右大臣に就任することとなった藤原実資が就任前に6月16日・22日・26日に上表を行っているが返却され、7月25日に任命されている(『小右記』)。
- As for Johyo presented by a newly appointed minister, before the appointment, when FUJIWARA no Sanesuke was to be the new Udaijin (Minister of the Right) in 1021, he handed Johyo on June 16, 22 and 26 and all were returned; then he was appointed to the position on July 25 ('Shoyuki' [the diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke]).
- やがて彼らの土地の保証は源氏、平家といった、貴種に連なる上級武家に委ねられ、下級、中級の武士は「給人」と呼ばれて、主君から恩給された土地の見返りに、平時、戦時における主君への軍事的奉仕を行う構造が出来上がった。
- Later, the higher ranking samurai families such as the Minamoto clan or the Taira family, which had relationships with persons of noble birth were entrusted to warrant the local nobles their developed lands, and a system was established in which middle and lower ranking samurai were called 'kyunin' who offered military services to the lord not only in peacetime but also in wartime in exchange for the land which the lord granted them as stipend.
- 嘉靖36年(日本の永禄元年/1558年)、大友氏の使僧とともに寧波に送り返されたものの、既に楊宜は趙文華・胡宗憲らによって失脚させられており、却って捕えられて四川省に配流されて7年間にわたって牢に押し込められた。
- When Cheng Shun-kung returned to Ningpo, China together with an envoy monk of the Otomo clan, 楊宜 had already lost his position by 趙文華 and 胡宗憲 -- On the contrary, Cheng Shun-kung was arrested and exiled to Sichuan and imprisoned there for seven years.
- また、岩倉、大久保が徳川慶喜に対して辞官納地を決定したことについては、薩摩、土佐、尾州、芸州が土地をそのまま保有しておきながら、なぜ徳川宗家に対してだけは土地を返納させねばならないのかなどと徳川宗家擁護を行った。
- Moreover, he protected the Tokugawa clan by questioning by only the head of the Tokugawa family had to return their estates while Satsuma, Tosa, Owari and Geishu clans were allowed to keep their estates, regarding Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's Jikan nochi (an order for surrendering the Shogunate post and domains to the Imperial court) determined by Iwakura and Okubo.
- 明治30年(1897年)8月、山県有朋の手にあった実弟久吉の槍の件を知った品川弥二郎が主水を訪ね「山県から取り返してやろうか」と言ったが、主水は「戦場で敵に奪われた槍を畳の上で受け取れるか」と言下に断ったという。
- In August 1890, Yajiro SHINAGAWA, who found out the matter of the spear of Mondo's younger brother Hisayoshi in the possession of Aritomo YAMAGATA, visited Mondo and asked him, 'Shall I recapture the spear from Yamagata?', however, Mondo refused his offer, saying 'How can I receive on tatami mats the spear deprived by an enemy in the battlefield'.
- 要望に対しては「バスを増設することによって対処する」との非現実的な返答(渋滞解消のための地下鉄建設であり、重複路線にバスを増設するはずがない)があったがそれもその場しのぎの逃げ口上であり、結局は空手形に終わった。
- In response to the request, the authorities gave an unrealistic answer, stating, 'We will deal with this issue by increasing the bus services' (the major purpose of the subway construction was to reduce traffic jams, so increasing the bus services represented a paradox), which was a temporizing reply and thus a fictitious story.
- 臨時ダイヤによる京津三条~京阪山科間の京阪バスによるバス代行輸送と京阪山科~浜大津間の臨時列車による折り返し運転が実施され、600形電車と260形261-262号車に「浜大津 京阪山科」の方向板を取り付けて運行。
- In addition to the special bus service between Keishin-Sanjo and Keihan-Yamashina provided by Keihan Bus, special shuttle service between Keihan-Yamashina and Hamaotsu was provided using model 600 cars as well as model 260 of 261-262, to which the destination board 'Hamaotsu Keihan-Yamashina' was attached.
- このような弱小ぶりは、保護された中国人の扱いにおいて「対馬での朝鮮軍の弱小ぶりを詳細に見たことから中国に返還できない」というや、朴実が敗戦の罪により投獄され、李従茂が国民への影響を理由に免罪となった事からも窺える。
- The weakness of the Korean army was further attested to in an entry discussing Chinese captives that they had rescued from Tsushima which said 'Having seen in detail the weakness of our army in Tsushima, we cannot allow our captives to return to China,' as well as by the fact that Sil PAK was held responsible for the defeat and imprisoned; it may be surmised that only the influence of the Korean people enabled Jong Mu YI to escape responsibility.
- 摂関などの高官による上表は3回行われてそのうち2回目までは天皇から慰留を受けて上表が返却され、3度目の上表を受けて天皇から辞任の可否が判断される(上表を納れて辞任を認めるか、返して辞任を拒否する)のが慣例とされた。
- For the officials in high positions such as Sekkan (Regent to the Emperor), it became a custom in which, Johyo was handed three times: the first two times, the Emperor asked for dissuasion from resigning or leaving and handed it back and the third time he made a decision (whether to accept the Johyo and the resignation or hand it back to reject the resignation).
- 飢饉の際の賑給などの非常時に限って、令制国が不動倉開検申請解と呼ばれる解_(公文書)を太政官に提出して許可を求め、不動開用符または不動充符と呼ばれる太政官符の交付とともに鑰の返送を得ることで例外的に開封が認められた。
- In principle, opening of the fudoso was not permitted except the time of emergency like famine in which foods must be given to the needy; in such a time the local governor must submit an official document called fudoso kaiken shinseige to Daijokan and if he got a permission along with the official document called fudokaiyofu or fudojufu, he was able to get the key to open the fudoso.
- 15世紀、佐竹惣領家と有力一族である山入氏との間の抗争が繰り返され、その戦いは100年間にも渡ったが、小野崎氏はこの戦いに積極的に参加し、元の国人領主としての立場から様々な曲折を経ながらも最終的に佐竹宗家を支持した。
- In the 15th century, government family of Satake clan repeatedly struggled with the influential family the Yamairi clan, and the struggle continued over 100 years; the Onosaki clan positively participated in this dispute and after many twists and turns as the position of the original local samurai lord, the Onosaki clan finally supported the head family of Satake clan.
- 関ヶ原合戦後、伊達政宗は徳川家康からみだりに軍勢を動かすべからずとの命を受け、心ならずも岩手山城へ引き返したが、上杉領への侵略やみがたく、家康の下知をまたずに慶長5年10月6日、本庄繁長が立て籠もる福島城へ押し寄せた。
- After the Battle of Sekigahara, Masamune DATE reluctantly returned to the Iwatesan-jo Castle because he was ordered by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA not to move his troops without permission, but he invaded the Fukushima-jo Castle held by Shigenaga HONJO on October 6, 1600 without waiting for command from Ieyasu because it was hard for him to give up the invasion to the Uesugi's territory.
- 島津氏は秀頼からの書状に対し「豊臣家への奉公は一度済んだ」と返事したが、徳川方としての出陣は冬の陣・夏の陣とも結果的にかなわなかった(夏の陣では、鹿児島を発ち平戸市に到着した時に大坂の役の情報を聞いて引き返している)。
- Shimazu clan replied to the letter from Toyotomi Family that 'they had already completed their service to Toyotomi Family', however, they could not fulfill joining the Tokugawa army both in Fuyu no Jin and Natsu no Jin (in Natsu no Jin they got information on Osaka no Eki after having left Kagoshima and arriving in Hirado City, then they returned).
- 浪人でありながら四位以上の者にしか許されない白小袖を着用していたため、天和年間に京都所司代稲葉正則の取調べを受けたことがあるが、家伝の永補任御免許について言及、実物も持参し堂々と返答して事なきを得たという出来事がある。
- There was an affair that because he wore shiro kosode (a kind of white underwear) which only the people with Court rank equal to Shii (Fourth Rank) or higher than that were permitted to wear although he was a ronin (masterless samurai), he was investigated by Kyoto Shosidai (the Governor-General of Kyoto) Masanori INABA in the Tenna era, but he referred to Eihonin Gomenkyo (imperial license for eternal appointment) and brought the genuine object of it confidently to reply the investigation, and so he was able to escape the trouble.
- これは、京都市交通局が京都高速鉄道に建設費返済の財源として、年間55億円の線路使用料を支払っているが当初の借入金が高金利であること、人件費など会社の経費もかさむことなどが、地下鉄の経営悪化の要因となっているためである。
- This announcement was made based on the fact that the Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau has been paying the track line-usage fee of 5.5 billion yen per year as a financial resource for repayment of the construction cost, but a high interest rate was set for the first loan and company expenses such as labor cost began to pile up; these are becoming factors in the subway's worsening business condition.
- 王政復古の大号令は、慶応3年10月14日 (旧暦)に征夷大将軍徳川慶喜が政権を返上(大政奉還)し討幕の大義名分が失われたため、討幕派であった岩倉具視や大久保利通らが、討幕の大義名分を得るために決行したクーデターであった。
- The Declaration of Imperial Rule was a kind of coups staged by the anti-shogunate movement of Tomomi IWAKURA, Toshimichi OKUBO and others in order to justify their movement against the Tokugawa shogunate after they lost their official rationale to defeat the shogunate through Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's voluntary Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor) on November 9, 1867.
- 取箇帳・郷帳に掲載された租税に加えて、年々増減のある運上・分一類や高掛物・付加税・諸物払代・拝借返納金などの各納物や村々に渡すべき金品など、当年の出納に関わる全てを記載し、地方勘定帳に記載しないものに関しては外記に記す。
- Together with taxes recorded in other registers, these documents formed the basis for clucking increases/decreases in tax burden each year, transfers of payment in money or kind and additional tax payments required of villages etc as well as receipts and expenditure for that year and other sums not recorded as part of these tabulations were recorded as sundry items.
- 奪われた神器のうち、剣は清水寺で発見されるが、神爾は持ち去られたままであり、15年後の1457年(長禄元年)には、嘉吉の乱で没落した赤松氏の遺臣が長禄の変での奮闘により神爾を奪い返し、翌年には神爾は北朝の手に戻っている。
- Among the Three Sacred Treasures that were stolen, the sword was discovered at Kiyomizu-dera Temple, but the shinji were not found until 15 years later in 1457, when remaining followers of the Akamatsu clan, who had become impoverished during the Kakitsu Incident, recovered the shinji after a great battle during the Choroku Incident, and they were returned to the Northern Court the next year.
- 大久保や西郷としては、王政復古の大号令の際に、慶喜の辞官(内大臣の辞職)・納地(徳川家領の返上)の勅命を出させ、徳川家を無力化させることを企図していたが、議定山内容堂・松平春嶽らの抵抗により、審議は小御所会議にずれ込んだ。
- Okubo and Saigo plotted the disempowerment of the Tokugawa Family at the occasion of the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule by demanding Yoshinobu to jikan (resign the government post as the Minister of the Center) and nochi (return the Tokugawa land to the Emperor) by issuance of an Imperial order, but faced protest from Yodo YAMAUCHI and Shungaku MATSUDAIRA, both legislature, so the consideration was suspended until Kogosho Conference.
- 南朝側は、北朝の意向により天台座主や寺社の要職に就いた者などを更迭して南朝方の人物を据えることや、建武の新政において公家や寺社に与えるため没収された地頭職を足利政権が旧主に返還した事の取り消しなどを求め、北朝方と対立する。
- The Southern Court confronted the Northern Court by proposing to fire the people selected by the Northern Court to become Tendaizasu (chief of Tendaishu) and important positions in temples and shrines and replace them with Southern Court related people, and wanted the cancellation of the return by the Ashikaga administration of jito (land steward) positions that were taken away during the Kenmu Restoration to give to kuge and temples and shrines.
- 室町・戦国時代 (日本)の混乱時代、農業生産高は爆発的に増加したが、各地にモザイクのように存在する割拠勢力はそれぞれ消長を繰り返し、また支配下にも多くの自立領主がいるため、自領の実質総農業生産高を把握するのも困難であった。
- In the tumultuous years of the Muromachi period and the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan), there was a tremendous increase in agricultural production, but because all Japan had become a jigsaw puzzle made up of nodes of local authority who went through an endless cycle of prosperity and decline, and because the period also saw many feudal lords begin to declare their independence, it became extremely difficult to keep track of the true total agricultural productivity even on the land within one's own jurisdiction.
- また、契約期間中に買主に違約があった場合には売主は本銭返と同じように直ちに買戻しが認められた(本銭弁償文言)をはじめ、売主の課役負担や抵当物件の処理、入質の設定、罪科文言などの多くの条件が契約を記した証文中に記されていた。
- Furthermore, most contracts had many provisos written into them that stipulated the wording of what constituted a crime or breach to ensure that if the buyer broke the agreement made with the buyer during the contract period, it would be recognized that the seller would immediately buy back whatever was sold, just as with a honsengaeshi (a land sale that had the seller buy the land back in such a situation; nenki-uri were also worded in such a way as to have sellers buy back whatever had been sold), and moreover, that the seller's obligations for labor (and the distribution of other assignments) as well as the collateral offered for the sale would be disposed of, and that those possessions which could be sold would be pawned.
- 反対派は土井利位を盟主に担いで上知令撤回と、水野忠邦の老中免職に動き出し、水野忠邦の主だった腹心達(町奉行鳥居耀蔵、勘定奉行榊原忠職)らも土井派に寝返り、鳥居に至っては忠邦の機密資料を残らず土井に流すという徹底ぶりであった。
- The opponents, appointing Toshitsura DOI as their leader, began to conspire revocation of Agechi-rei and dismissal of Tadakuni MIZUNO from Roju, and even Tadakuni's most trusted retainers (machi-bugyo (town magistrate) Yozo TORII and kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance) Tadamoto SAKAKIBARA) revolted to DOI's side; TORII was so resolute that he passed all of Tadakuni's confidential materials to DOI.
- しかし、嘉隆は淡輪での戦いと同様に、鉄甲船を相手の大将が乗っていると思われる舟に近づけては大砲を打ち込んで撃沈するという方法で相手を打ち崩し、ついには毛利水軍の舟数百艘を木津沖に追い返すことに成功した(第二次木津川口の戦い)。
- However, like in the battle in Tannowa, Yoshitaka used the tactic in which the armored warships approached and shot cannons to the ships which the opponent general probably was aboard to sink them, and finally succeeded in repelling hundreds of Mori's ships to the sea off Kizu (the second Naval Battle of Kizu-gawa River Estuary).
- そのころ外道丸こと酒呑童子は、恋文の返事が来ないと悲観して死んだ娘のことを聞き、読まなかった恋文の入ったつづらを開けてみると異様な煙が立ち昇って気を失い、気づくと鬼へと変わり果てて寺から逃げて悪の限りを尽くすようになっていた。
- Around that time, Gedomaru (that is, Shuten Doji) heard of a girl who had died of grief due to his failure to send a reply to her love-letter, and upon opening the tsuzura (package) included in her letter--which he had never read--a strange vapor rose from it, causing him to lose consciousness; when he came to, his transformation into an oni was already complete, so he fled from the temple and set his heart on reaching the very limits of evil.
- 沙石集は泰時を「まことの賢人である。民の嘆きを自分の嘆きとし、万人の父母のような人である」と評し、裁判の際には「道理、道理」と繰り返し、道理に適った話を聞けば「道理ほどに面白きものはない」と言って感動して涙まで流すと伝えている
- A book, Sasekishu, evaluated Yasutoki as follows: 'Yasutoki is a real wise man. He feels people's grief as his own, and he is a person who is like everybody's parent'; it described Yasutoki as one who, repeats 'reason, reason' in trials and is deeply moved even the point of tears, saying, 'There is nothing more interesting than reason,' when he listens to a reasonable episode.
- ところが、日本側が一旦帰国した森山からの報告を受けた後に、大阪会議や佐賀の乱への対応で朝鮮問題が後回しにされて「九月協定」への了承を先延ばしにしているうちに、朝鮮では大院君側が巻き返しが図られて再び攘夷論が巻き起こったのである。
- However, after Japanese side received a report from Moriyama who was coming back to home country for the time being, and while responding to the Osaka conference and the Saga War the Korea problem was left behind and postponed the approval for the 'September Agreement', and Daewongun regained his strength, and the principle of excluding foreigners arose again in Korea.
- この指摘は小津の生前から数多くなされていたが、小津は確信を持ってこの手法を取り入れていたため、少なくとも中期以降の作品においては、切り返しショットがイマジナリーラインを超えて真正面から捉える手法の大原則が破られることはなかった。
- Many had pointed this out during Ozu's lifetime and since he used this technique with confidence, all his work from the mid-period onwards follow this characteristic of transition shots crossing an imaginary line and finally taking direct shots of objects.
- 慶喜としては、まだ年若い明治天皇(当時数え年16歳)を戴く朝廷に政権担当能力はなく、やがて組織されるであろう諸侯会議で自らが議長もしくは有力議員となるなどの手段で、政治的影響力を行使できるはずという目論見の上での政権返上であった。
- Nobuyoshi had an ulterior motive that, even after he returned the administration to the Imperial court, he should be able to exercise his political clout as the chairman or as a powerful councilor of the lords conference which was to be organized later, because the Emperor Meiji was too young (in his 16th year) to have the ability to hold the reins of government, so was the Imperial court.
- 1696年、風水について触れた著物の1つ、陳畊山「三才発秘」は、1696年に、卯川四番船で中国から輸入されたものであるが一部墨消しと差返しの処分を受けるだけに止まらず1685年以降は禁書の指定を受けた(ref.大庭脩,1967)。
- In one of the books on Feng Shui, Chin KYOSAN stated 'The secret of the three powers [heaven, earth and man]' was imported from China by the Fourth Unsen Ship in 1969, but a part of it was deleted with ink, after 1685 the book was banned (ref. Osamu OBA, 1967).
- その際、先立って頼政の嫡男源仲綱が愛馬のことで宗盛に辱めを受けていたことの報復として、馬のたてがみと尾の毛をそり、尻に「昔は何両、今は平宗盛入道」の焼印をして突き返し、宗盛を激怒せしめたという逸話が知られる(『平家物語』四・競)。
- In an anecdote from the 'Heike monogatari' (The Tale of the Heiki) (chapter four, Kio), Kio enraged Munemori by returning the horse after shaving its mane and tail and branding 'formerly Nanryo, now TAIRA no Munemori Nyudo' on its rear; this was in retaliation for Munemori having insulted MINAMOTO no Nakatsuna, the legitimate son of Yorimasa, over his horse.
- 明治天皇の外祖父である議定中山忠能から開会が宣言された後、公家側から「徳川慶喜は政権を返上したというが、果たして忠誠の心から出たものかどうかは怪しい。忠誠を実績を持って示す(辞官納地を指す)よう譴責すべきである」との議題が出される。
- After the meeting was called to order by Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, Emperor Meiji's maternal grandfather, court nobles raised an agenda saying 'Although Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA returned the administration to the Imperial court, we doubt his genuine royalty. We should reprimand him to show his royalty by actual performance (which indicates Jikan nochi [an order for surrendering the Shogunate post and domains to the Imperial court]).'
- ところが、尊氏が死ぬと鎌倉公方であった足利基氏(尊氏の子)は自分の腹心でありながら観応の擾乱では尊氏と敵対した前上野・越後守護職上杉憲顕を強引に関東管領に復帰させた上に、上杉憲顕が上野・越後守護職を氏綱から強引に返還させようとした。
- After Takauji died, however, Motouji ASHIKAGA (Takauji's son), the Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) forcibly reinstated the former Kozuke and Echizen Shugoshoku, Noriaki UESUGI, who was his trusted retainer but an opponent of Takauji in the Kanno Disturbance, as the Kanto Kanrei (a shogunal deputy for the Kanto region), and Noriaki UESUGI tried to make Ujitsuna return the post of Shugoshoku to him.
- かつては急行(京阪山科にはかつて待避線が設けられており、ここで普通列車と緩急接続を行っていた)や準急(停車駅は京津三条、御陵より各駅)の運転、石山坂本線との直通運転もあったが、現在はすべて浜大津駅折り返しで普通列車のみの運転である。
- Express trains (which connected to local trains at Keihan-Yamashina Station where a siding was set), sub-express trains (which stopped at Keishin-Sanjo Station and each station of Misasagi Station onward) and direct trains to the Ishiyama-Sakamoto Line used to run in the past, but currently all trains are local trains that turn back at Hamaotsu Station.
- そんな中、従来からの路線対立や、加波山事件の処理をめぐる紛糾などから1884年10月29日(秩父事件発生の2日前)、自由党は解党決議を可決するに至っていた(その後同党は1890年に再結成されるが、以後も解散・再結成・再編等を繰り返す。
- Liberal Party approved a decision of dissolving the party on October 29, 1884 (two days before the occurrence of the Chichibu Incident) because of what with past policy confrontations and complications on solving the Kabasan Incident (thereafter, the Party was reorganized in 1890, but repeated dissolution, the re-formation, reorganization,and so on even after that.
- 実際に国会質疑等でも取り上げられてはいるが、答弁はその場しのぎのごまかしを繰り返すばかりであり、大きな進展はない(こうしたことは林野庁の予算が少ないためであり、国が第一次産業を軽視しているのが根本的な原因との見方もないわけではない)。
- Diet discussions take place but lead only to repeated ad hoc piecemeal measures with no major progress made (there are those who consider the fundamental reasons of this to be the small budget allocated to the Forestry Agency and neglect of the nation's primary industry).
- 始めは政経が高清を近江から追放し、出雲、隠岐、飛騨の守護職を得るが、政経はその後の六角氏との戦いに敗れ、さらには徴税の命令に従わなかった出雲、隠岐の守護代である尼子経久を追放するも、逆に出雲の拠点である月山富田城を奪い返されたと伝わる。
- At the beginning, Masatsune expelled Takakiyo from Omi Province thereby gaining the position of Shugo (military governor) of Izumo, Oki and Hida Provinces, but Masatsune lost the battle against the Rokkaku clan after that, and moreover although he expelled deputy Shugo of Izumo and Oki Tsunehisa AMAKO who did not obey the order of tax collection and he was deprived, in return, of Gassan Tomita-jo Castle that was a foothold in Izumo.
- 北魏では、15歳以上の男子に露田(耕田)40畝(約1.87ヘクタール)と麻田10畝(約0.47ヘクタール)を、女子には同じく20畝(約0.93ヘクタール)と麻田5畝(約0.23ヘクタール)を支給し、59歳になったときに返すとされていた。
- The system in Northern Wei was as follows: A bare field (arable field) of approx. 1.87 hectares and a field for hemp of approx. 0.47 hectares were supplied to each of the males at the age of 15 or older, and a bare field of approx. 0.93 hectares and a field for hemp of approx. 0.23 hectares to each female, and these fields had to be returned when the age of 59 was reached.
- ところが、「古文」・「今文」ともに再発見の経緯から「偽書」であるとする疑惑を抱えており、特に唐代に入ると、どちらを『孝経』の正本と考えるかという認識の違いから、「古文」派と「今文」派に分かれて相手の系統を「偽書」とする攻撃を繰り返した。
- However, there were suspicions that the books may be fake due to the circumstances in which they were rediscovered, and during the Tang Dynasty, two distinct schools were formed—the 'Kobun' school and the 'Kinbun' school—as a result of a difference in opinion regarding which was the authentic 'Kokyo' book, with both accused the other of following a 'forged book.'
- エッセイや映画評論にも辣腕なところを見せ、映画賞でテーマ性や社会性のある作品ばかりが安易にベストテン入りする状況を厳しく批判し、映画を原作や素材によって評価するのではなく、その素材をどのように映像化したかをこそ評価すべきだと繰り返し訴えた。
- He also wrote excellent essays and cinematic reviews, in which he criticized the situation that the only films with a certain theme or social problem were easily selected for the top ten of film awards, and repeatedly insisted that a film should be evaluated by how it shot the subjects in stead of what kind of subjects it shot.
- 死期を悟った清盛は、自分の死後はすべて宗盛に任せてあるので、宗盛と協力して政務を行うよう法皇に奏上したが、返答がなかったため、恨みを残して「天下の事は宗盛に任せ、異論あるべからず」と言い残し、閏2月4日に九条河原口の平盛国の屋敷で死去した。
- Knowing that the end of his life was approaching, Kiyomori reported to the Cloistered Emperor that Munemori would take over whatever was left after his death and therefore requested him to cooperate with Munemori to carry out political affairs, but since there was no reply from the Cloistered Emperor, Kiyomori held a grudge and left word to 'leave all the state affairs to Munemori and never disagree with him,' and finally died in the residence of TAIRA no Morikuni in Kujo-kawaraguchi on February 4 (leap day).
- また家康本陣を守備していた藤堂高虎の一代記である高山公実録にも「御旗本大崩れ」と記され、藤堂勢は一応の応戦はしたものの、真田隊の勢いの前では効果無く、ほどなく家康は本陣を捨ててしまい、高虎自身も、家康の安危を確認できなかったと振り返っている。
- Also in Kozankojiroku, a biography of Takatora TODO, who guarded the Ieyasu headquaters, there is a description of 'a great collapse of hatamoto (direct retainers of the shogun)' and Takatora, reviewing the battle, says in the biography that his troop fought back more or less, but was overwhelmed by the Sanada troop, and Takatora himself could not confirm the safety of Ieyasu, who abandoned the headquarters shortly afterward.
- 1849年、松代藩士にて蘭学者の佐久間象山は藩費、場合によっては家禄を返上し費用に充てる覚悟で『ドゥーフ・ハルマ』を出版する計画を立て、藩主に「攘夷の策略に関する藩主宛答申書」を上奏して外国に対抗するために語学と技術習得を広める重要性を説いた。
- In 1849 Shozan SAKUMA, a feudal retainer of the Matsushiro clan and Dutch scholar, planned to publish 'Doeff Halma' at the expense of the clan or from his own expense for which he would give up his karoku (hereditary stipend) under certain circumstances; he presented the lord of the clan with the report regarding strategy for expulsion of foreigners addressed to the lord of the clan, and emphasized the importance of disseminating the learning of language and technology for the purpose of opposing foreign countries.
- 和与状はいずれの場合でも作成されたが、「贈与」の和与の場合には去状(避状)など他の文書形式も存在したことや鎌倉幕府が御家人の所領の安易な分散化を規制するために親族に対する悔返権の強化及び他人和与の禁止を行ったことで、現存する和与状は多くは無い。
- Though Wayojo was composed in either case, there were other forms of documents for a compromise in the sense of 'donation', such as a leave notice (eviction notice) and the Kamakura Shogunate reinforced the right to annul the transfer of property rights and banned Taninwayo in order to control shogunal retainers' careless decentralization of territories, so there are not many Wayojo existing.
- 正税帳は民部省主税寮において勘会(監査)を受けて、関連資料との数値の不一致や未納・欠損が生じていないことが確認されると、民部省から正税帳使に託する形で返抄(請取書・領収書)が送付され、問題がある場合には正税帳は正税返却帳を添えられて送り返された。
- Once kankai (audit) had been done at Shuzeiryo (Bureau of Taxation) of Minbusho (Ministry of Popular Affairs) to make sure there was no digital inconsistency, unpaid or deficit compared to the related material, Minbusho issued and handed over the hensho (a document as receipts, but also as proof of delivery or transport when presented goods and paid money to government office) to Shozeichoshi, or if there was any problem, shozeicho was sent back along with shozei henkyakucho.
- 「虫は」「木の花は」「すさまじきもの」「うつくしきもの」に代表される「ものはづくし」の「類聚章段」をはじめ、日常生活や四季の自然を観察した「随想章段」、作者が出仕した定子皇后周辺の宮廷社会を振り返った「回想章段」(日記章段)など多彩な文章から成る。
- It consists of various types of writing: 'chapters of Ruiju' of 'Monowazukushi (enumerating the things in the same category),' as represented by the lists of things like 'Insects,' 'Flowering trees,' 'Dispiriting things,' 'Endearingly lovely things,' and 'Chapters of Zuiso (essay),' which is an observation of daily life and nature in the seasons, and 'chapters of reminiscence (chapters of a diary)' in which the author wrote about the life around Empress Teishi, whom she served in the Imperial Court.
- 成功(じょうごう)とは、朝廷の公事・行事及び殿舎の営繕、寺社の堂塔修造費用など本来、朝廷の公費で負担すべきところを、任官希望者を募り任料を納めさせるか、または自己負担でそれぞれの事業の功を成らせて、見返りに官職に叙任するという売官制度の一種である。
- Jogo was a system by which those aspiring to a government post would either pay directly to gain an appointment, or pay for expenses that would otherwise have had to be paid from the coffers of the Imperial Court, such as those incurred in carrying out public functions or events for the Imperial Court, building or repairing the palace, or repairing the buildings and pagodas of shrines and temples.
- この乱により、足利尊氏・直義に分割されていた将軍の権力は尊氏のもとに一本化され、将軍の親裁権は強化されるが、高師直によって吉野を陥落させられ滅亡寸前にまで追い込まれた南朝に、直義・尊氏が交互に降るなど息を吹き返し延命したため、南北朝の動乱が長引いた。
- Because of this disturbance, the authority of the shogun that was divided between Takauji and Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA was unified under Takauji and the power of the shogun was strengthened but the Southern Court that was forced to the brink of elimination when KO no Moronao attacked Yoshino, was prolonged when Tadayoshi and Takauji surrendered in turn, and led to the prolongation of the upheaval of the period of Northern and Southern Courts.
- 忍坂部や丸子部といった押坂彦人大兄皇子伝来の私領は「皇祖大兄御名入部」と呼ばれて、以後も息子である舒明から孫の中大兄皇子(後の天智天皇)らへと引き継がれて、大化の改新後に国家に返納された(『日本書紀』大化2年3月20日_(旧暦)条)と考えられている。
- Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko's hereditary private properties such as Otsusakabe and Marukobe were called '皇祖大兄御名入部,' and handed over to his son of the Emperor Jomei and the grandson of Naka no Oe no Oji (later the Emperor Tenchi), and it is believed that such private properties were returned to the nation after Taika no Kaishin (the Great Reformation of the Taika Era) (April 13, 646 section in 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]).
- 当時使われない文法や不自然な敬語の使い方など内容に疑問があるため後世の改ざん・偽作とする見方もあるが、増田長盛・長束正家等が家康に送った書状や『鹿苑日録』の記録から、承兌が受け取った兼続の返書が存在し、それにより家康が激怒したことは確かのようである。
- Though, in later years, it is acknowledged that they were falsified and forged due to the questionable content such as grammar that was not used in those days and unnatural use of honorific expressions, it is possible that Kanetsugu's reply received by Jotai really existed and Ieyasu was outraged by that based on the letter sent from Nagamori MASHITA, Masaie NAGATSUKA, and others to Ieyasu and the record of 'Rokuon-nichiroku Diary'.
- 小宰相はとりあえず持ち帰ったが、御所で宮仕えしていたとき上西門院の前でこの文を取り落とし、女院はこれを拾って「あまり気が強いのもよくありませんよ」と、みじめな最後を遂げたという小野小町の例を出して、自ら硯を取り寄せて返事を書いてやるようにうながした。
- Kozaisho took the letter tentatively; however, she mistakenly dropped it just in front of Josaimonin (Imperial Princess Muneko) when served, and Josaimonin picked it up and said 'Too much strong-mindedness is not favored' citing an example of ONO no Komachi who was said to have died a miserable death, and Josaimonin ordered an ink stone to be brought and prompted Kozaisho to write a reply to him.
- そこで大名、旗本には十里四方に該当する領地を幕府に返上させ、かわりに、大名・旗本の本領の付近で替え地を幕府から支給するという命令を出し、江戸・大坂十里四方を幕府が一元的に管理する方針を固め1843年(天保14年)6月1日 (旧暦)、上知令が発布された。
- Thus it was decided that the bakufu should control the whole areas of ju-ri square of Edo and Osaka by issuing an order to make daimyo and hatamoto return their territories to the bakufu which were within the said ju-ri areas and to supply them with substitute lands near their honryo (main domain), and as a result, Agechi-rei was issued on June 1 (in the old calendar), 1843.
- そしてみずからの新政権の統制を整備する間も無く、本能寺の変から11日後の6月13日(西暦7月2日)、変を知って急遽毛利氏と和睦し、中国地方から引き返してきた豊臣秀吉の軍を、現在の京都府大山崎町と大阪府島本町にまたがる大山崎町にて迎撃した(山崎の戦い)。
- There being little time for restructuring his own administration, on June 13, eleven days after Honno-ji no Hen, in Oyamazaki-cho, which stretched over present Oyamazaki-cho in Kyoto Prefecture and Shimamoto-cho in Osaka Prefecture, Mitsuhide had to intercept Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's army, which had reconciled itself with the Mori clan on hearing of the incident and returned from Chugoku region (Battle of Yamazaki).
- 天長10年(833年)に淳和が皇太子正良(仁明天皇)に譲位すると、ここでも淳和の太上天皇辞退・皇后正子の皇太后辞退と新天皇仁明による拒絶が繰り返され、皇太子には淳和と正子との間に生まれた皇子恒貞親王が立てられた(高志・恒世はともにすでに早世していた)。
- In 833, Junna abdicated the throne to the Crown Prince Masara (Emperor Ninmyo) and here the declination of retired emperor by Junna and empress dowager by Empress Masako and the refusal by the new Emperor Ninmyo was repeated, and the Crown Prince was decided to be the prince born between Junna and Masako, Imperial Prince Tsunesada (Koshi and Tsuneyo had already died young).
- もう少しで工事完成というそのときに日が暮れそうになったため、清盛が沈む太陽を招き返した、あるいは、人柱を沈めてから工事をしようという意見をしりぞけて、諸人に一切経の経文を書かせた石を沈めて基礎を築いた、そのため、この人工島を「経が島」と称したなどである。
- When the construction work nearly ended but the sun was about to set, Kiyomori invited the setting sun back, or he refused the opinion that the construction work be started after burying human sacrifice and he made them write kyomon (sutras) of Issai-kyo (Complete Collection of Scriptures) on stones and immersed the stones as bases, which was why the artificial island was called 'Kyogashima Island' and so on.
- 日中の場合、かつては木津方面へ発着する快速列車(上下線双方)を1番線、当駅折り返しの各駅停車を2番線に発着させるダイヤであったが、現在は当駅で木津方面発着列車同士の行き違いを行うようになったため、昼間時は事実上行き先がホームごとに固定された形になっている。
- In the daytime, the rapid trains going to/coming from the direction of Kizu Station (both inbound trains and outbound trains) formerly used Platform 1, with local trains returning from this station using Platform 2, but because trains going to/coming from the direction of Kizu Station have come to meet here, each platform is fixed, in the daytime, to the use of the trains running in only one direction.
- 2代将軍足利義詮が死去すると、管領細川頼之は3代将軍足利義満を補佐して執政をはじめ、楠木正儀を寝返らせるなど対南朝工作や九州の南朝勢力排除のための今川貞世派遣、内政においては新興の禅宗である南禅寺と旧仏教勢力の比叡山との対立問題の対応や半済の実施などを行う。
- When the second Shogun, Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, died, the Kanrei (regent) Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA gave his support and advice to Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the third Shogun, and helped usher in a new administration, and engineered Masanori KUSUNOKI's defection and other anti-Southern Court efforts as well as dispatching Sadayo IMAGAWA to Kyushu as part of a push to eliminate the Southern Court's forces there, while in domestic, nonmilitary affairs, he crafted a response to the problematic conflict between Nanzen-ji Temple, which represented the new Zen sect, and Mt. Hiei, representing the old guard of influential Buddhist temples, and also implemented the hanzei (half-tax).
- 1414年には将軍足利義持が琉球王の献上物に対する返礼の書状を贈っており、1441年には足利義教が琉球を薩摩国の島津氏の属国とする事を認めており、さらに幕府には琉球奉行が設置されて貿易の統制を行おうとしており、室町時代には琉球が「日本」として認識されていた。
- In 1414, the Shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA responded to the tributary gifts sent to him from the Ryukyu Kingdom with an official letter, while in 1441, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA declared the Ryukyu islands to be a vassal state of the Shimazu clan, lords of Satsuma Province; furthermore, the bakufu created the office of Ryukyu Hoko (shogunal magistrate of the Ryukyus) in an attempt to exert control over Ryukyu trade, meaning that it was during the Muromachi period that the Ryukyus began to be seen as part of Japan.
- 当時、三菱の海運事業「郵便汽船三菱会社」(国有会社であった「日本国郵便蒸気船会社」と三菱商会が合併して設立された)が大規模な値下げ攻勢で勢力を広げ、欧米系の船会社に握られていた日本の航海自主権を取り返したが、一方で日本国内の中小の船会社も追い出されてしまった。
- At that time, Mitusbishi's marine transportation business 'Yubin Kisen Mitubishi Kaisha' (which was established with the merger of a government-owned marine transportation company 'Nipponkoku Yubin Jokisen Kaisha' and Mitsubishi Shokai) extended power by offering huge discounts and deprived western companies of Japan's navigation autonomy, but at the same time, they squeezed out other small-and-medium-sized shipping companies in Japan.
- 実際、長門国守と紛争を起こした在庁官人が意趣返し的に苛政上訴を行う事例や、丹波国守を苛政上訴していた百姓らがその直後に当該国守を称揚する書状を提出した事例、上訴百姓が京にある国守宅に焼き打ちした事例など、むしろ郡司・百姓層に私欲的な姿勢を見いだすこともできる。
- In fact, rather selfish desires of Gunji and farmers can be seen in some cases: for example, Kokushi kasei joso was a revenge by zaichokanjin (the local officials in Heian and Kamakura periods) who had an argument with Nagato no kuni no kami (governor of Nagato Province); farmers submitted a letter to praise their Tanba no kuni no kami immediately after Kokushi kasei joso; and appealing farmers set fire to the kokushi's residence in Kyoto.
- この時点で大宮司職は再び範雅の手に渡るが、嘉応2年(1170年)頃には赦免された範忠が再度その地位に復帰している(同職はその後も二転三転し、治承2年(1178年)には平時子の命で範忠の孫の忠兼に継承されるが、治承5年(1181年)には範雅が三度返り咲いている)。
- At that time, Norimasa took up the post of Daiguji again, and around 1170, Noritada who was pardoned and returned to the post of Daiguji (the post of Daiguji went go back and forth; in 1178, a grandchild of Noritada, Tadakane succeeded the post under the order of TAIRA no Tokiko, and in 1181, Norimasa again took up his the post which was the third time for him).
- 清盛の死後、嫡男の重盛はすでに病死し、次男の基盛も早世していたため、平氏の棟梁の座は三男の宗盛が継いだが、凡庸な宗盛は清盛のような器量もなく、全国各地で相次ぐ反乱に対処できず、後白河の奇謀に翻弄され院政勢力も勢力を盛り返すなど、平氏は次第に追いつめられていった。
- Since Kiyomori's legitimate first son, Shigemori, had already died of illness and his second son, Motomori, had also died young, after Kiyomori's death, Kiyomori's third son, Munemori, became the head of the Taira clan; however, he was an ordinary person and was not as capable as Kiyomori, and he therefore could not control rebellions that occurred across the country and was always swayed by eccentric ideas of Goshirakawa, allowing the cloister government to regain power, and as a result, the Taira clan was gradually driven into a corner.
- そして桶狭間で義元が信長に討たれて今川氏が混乱すると、「世良田二郎三郎元信」は同志を集めて浜松城を落とし、さらに勢いに乗じて三河を攻略しようとしたが、松平元康と名乗っていた家康に敗れて降伏し、信康の身柄を元康に返還することを条件に罪を許され、その家臣になったという。
- When Yoshimoto was killed in the Battle of Okehazama and the IMAGAWA Clan became disorganized, 'Jiro Saburo Motonobu SERATA' and his comrades captured Hamamatsu-jo Castle and tried to occupy Mikawa Province, but were defeated by Ieyasu (Motoyasu at that time), and forced to submit to him and return his son, Nobuyasu, and became the vassal of Ieyasu.
- ところが、大正政変の際に大正天皇より公家出身の立憲政友会総裁西園寺公望に対して第3次桂内閣への内閣不信任案を撤回させて政友会を内閣に協力させるように勅命が出されたものの、政友会の代議士達は自分達は日本国民の代表であるとして西園寺に突き返させた(1913年2月9日)。
- In the Taisho Political Crisis, Emperor Taisho issued an imperial command that Kinmochi SAIONJI, president of Rikkenseiyukai (a political party originally organized by Hirobumi ITO) should withdraw a parliamentary motion of non-confidence against the cabinet related to the 3rd Katsura Cabinet and urge Seiyukai to collaborate with the Katsura Cabinet, but the parliamentarians of the Seiyukai made Saionji return the imperial command for the reason that the parliamentarians were the representatives of the Japanese nation (February 9, 1913.)
- それが、名例律32条の条文にあった本来無関係の「和与」の語句と結び付けられ、律令法・初期公家法及び明法家学説の集大成である『法曹至要抄』には「和与物不悔返事(和与した物は悔返してはならない)」と記され、公家法における一種の法諺として社会に定着することになったP806。
- This movement was linked to the originally unrelated term, 'wayo,' in the Article 32 of Meirei-ritsu, and then 'Hossoshiyosho' (The Essentials for the Judiciary), a collection of ritsuryo law and primary court noble law as well as theories of lawyers, stated 'what was transferred based on wayo shall not be restored,' which became established in society as a kind of legal maxim of the court noble law P806.
- 薩長や岩倉らが実権を掌握するためには、武力蜂起により親徳川派中心の摂政・関白その他従来の役職を廃止して天皇親政の新体制を樹立し、慶喜には辞官・納地(旧幕府領の返上)を求めて新政権の中心となることを阻止することが必要となり、王政復古 (日本)へ向かっていくことになった。
- In order for Saccho and Iwakura group to obtain real power, it was necessary for them, through military uprising, to abolish regent, chancellor and other conventional posts mainly taken up by pro-Tokugawa people, to establish a new system to realize direct rule by the emperor, and to inhibit Yoshinobu from being the core of the new government by asking him to surrender the post and domains (former terriroty of the bakufu) to the Imperial Court, and this situation led to the movement of the Restoration of Imperial Rule.
- 天文20年(1551年)、武任はこのような一連の騒動で義隆から責任を追及されることを恐れて、相良武任申状において、「杉重矩は陶隆房の謀反を讒訴したが受け入れられなかったので、讒訴を自分がしたことにして、対立していたはずの隆房に寝返った」という根も葉もない讒訴を行なった。
- In 1551, Taketo was afraid of being blamed for this series of troubles by Yoshitaka, and made a totally unfounded false charge in Taketo SAGARA's declaration that 'Shigenori SUGI made a false charge about the rebellion of Takafusa SUE but it was not accepted. So he told that the false charge was made by me and changed the side to Takafusa who was originally opposed to'.
- 文部省からなかなか良い返事をもらえなかった井上は、慶應義塾大学(現在の慶應義塾大学)、國學院大學(現在の國學院大學)、早稲田大学(現在の早稲田大学)と私立学校の連合を組んで再度陳情を行い、1899年に中等学校の教員免許について、卒業と同時に無試験で認可されることとなった。
- INOUE could not receive a good response from the Ministry of Education, then he formed a combination of private universities with Keio University, Kokugakuin University, and Waseda University, then finally in 1899 graduates of private university were allowed to have secondary school teacher's license without an examination.
- 千葉介、上総介一族が、頼朝に加担したのは、『吾妻鏡』にいうような、両氏が累代の源氏の郎等であったからではなく、平家と結んだ下総の藤原氏、そして常陸の佐竹氏の侵攻に対して、頼朝を担ぐことによってそれを押し返し、奪い取られた自領を復活する為の起死回生の掛けであったといわれる。
- It is said that the reason why the families of Chiba no suke and Kazusa no suke joined Yoritomo was not because they were followers of the generations of the Genji family as stated in 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East); rather, they supported Yoritomo to fight back against the attacks by the Fujiwara clan of Shimosa, who was aligned with the Taira family, and the Satake clan of Hitachi in an attempt to recover their lost territories, which was a revival gamble.
- しかし、伊達家には慶長5年(1600年)10月6日付中嶋左衛門宛伊達政宗書状、10月14日、10月19日付今井宗薫宛政宗書状、その戦功を賞する返書として10月24日付伊達政宗宛徳川家康書状が残されており、慶長5年10月6日に何らかの戦闘行為が行われたのは間違いないであろう。
- However, the Date family has kept Masamune DATE's letter to Saemon NAKAJIMA (中嶋左衛門) dated October 6, 1600, Masamune's letters to Sokun IMAI dated October 14 and 19, and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's letter to Masamune DATE dated October 24 to praise him for his distinguished military act and therefore, there is no doubt that any battle took place on October 6, 1600.
- そのため、大久保の巻き返しによって大蔵・民部省幹部の兼任が解かれて(大蔵・民部両省の分離)民部省に大木喬任・吉井友実・松方正義らが送り込まれると、改正掛は大蔵省に移され、また渋沢は掛長を外されて他のメンバーも大蔵・民部両省内に分散させられるなどの弱体化が図られることになる。
- Therefore, when Okubo worked hard to remove an executive taking in charge of both Okura-sho and Minbu-sho (separation of Okura-sho and Minbu-sho), and Takato OKI, Tomozane YOSHII, and Masayoshi MATSUKATA were sent in to Minbu-sho, Kaiseigakari was transferred to Okura-sho, Shibusawa was removed from section head position, and other members were also dispatched to both Okura-sho and Minbu-sho to weaken the structure.
- 千葉常胤の一族、そして上総介広常が頼朝に加担したのは、『吾妻鏡』にいうような、両氏が累代の源氏の郎等であったからではなく、平家と結んだ下総の藤原氏、そして常陸の佐竹氏の圧迫に対して、頼朝を担ぐことによってそれを押し返し、奪い取られた自領を復活する為の起死回生の掛けであった。
- Tsunetane CHIBA's family and Hirokazu KAZUSANOSUKE supported Yoritomo not because both of them were followers of the Minamoto clan as 'Azuma Kagami' says, but because they wanted to resist the oppression by the Fujiwara clan of Shimousa and the Satake clan of Hitachi which were related to the Taira family by making Yoritomo their leader, and it was their last-ditch plan to retrieve their own domains which had been deprived.
- その後、届出額の半数以上が天保年間以前の債務に由来するまたは幕府債務として無効を宣言されて総額で3486万円(うち、新公債1282万円、旧公債1122万円、少額債務などを理由に現金支払等で処理されたものが1082万円)が新政府の名によって返済されることになった(藩債処分)。
- Thereafter, more than half of the above amount was declared void as the debts made before the Tempo era or the debts of bakufu, and the total amount of 34.86 million yen (shin-kosai: 12.82 million yen, kyu-kosai : 11.22 million yen, small amount debts that were repaid in cash: 10.82 million yen) were repaid by the new government (hansai-shobun (the policy on the disposition of the debts of feudal domains)).
- 千葉介、上総介一族が、頼朝に加担したのは、『吾妻鏡』が美化して伝えるような、両氏が代々源氏の家人であったからではなく、平家と結んだ下総国の藤原氏、そして常陸国の佐竹氏の侵攻に対して、頼朝を担ぐことによってそれを押し返し、奪い取られた自領を復活する為の起死回生の掛けであった。
- The reason why Chiba and Kazusa no Suke clans supported Yoritomo was not only because they both were the servants of Minamoto clan as beautified by 'Azuma Kagami,' but to repel the invasion of the Fujiwara clan of Shimousa Province and the Satake clan of Hitachi Province by supporting Yoritomo and to recover their stolen estate as a gamble to turn things around from facing a complete defeat.
- その後、京津三条22時06分発浜大津行最終普通列車(四宮~浜大津間延長運転)に充当される予定だったが、交通渋滞などの理由からダイヤが大幅に乱れたため、結局運転されず、三条・浜大津の行先掲示板を掲出したのは四宮駅5時30分発浜大津行の普通列車の折り返し列車の1本のみに終わった。
- Although this train was supposed to run as the last local train bound for Hamaotsu, which was scheduled to depart from Keishin-Sanjo Station at 22:06, ultimately it became impossible due to the shambles of the time schedule caused by traffic congestion, etc.; therefore, only the shuttle train of the local train that departed from Shinomiya Station at 5:30 for Hamaotsu was operated with a hanging destination board indicating 'Sanjo' and 'Hamaotsu.'
- 260形261-262号車による京津三条22時14分発の浜大津行準急(ダイヤが大幅に乱れていたため実際はその数分後)を最後に、御陵府道東踏切付近での京都市営地下鉄東西線への線路切り替え工事のため京津三条~京阪山科間の営業運転が休止され、京阪山科~浜大津間で折り返し運転となった。
- After the sub-express train bound for Hamaotsu, which used model 260 cars of 261-262, departed Keishin-Sanjo at 22:14 (in fact a few minutes later because the timetable was in shambles), the commercial operation between Keishin-Sanjo and Keihan-Yamashina was suspended due to the work for connecting the track to the Kyoto Municipal Subway Tozai Line conducted in the vicinity of the east crossing on the Misasagi Prefectural Route; subsequently the shuttle service between Keihan-Yamashina and Hamaotsu were conducted.
- そこで平安時代に入ると、朝廷も公廨稲の利息より正税の不足分を補わせる「正税率分」の導入や格式に必要最低限の正税出挙に対する国司の支出義務(農民への強制的な貸付強制と徴収(返済)の義務化)を定めた「正税式数」を規定するなど、中央への上供体制維持を目的とした正税回復政策を取り始めた。
- Thus, in Heian period, Imperial Court began to launch political measures to recover the shozei for the purpose of maintaining the tribute-to-central system, such as introduction of 'shozei ritsubun (the tax system where two-tenth of the tax delivered from the provinces to the Ministry of Finance at Heian-kyo [the ancient capital of Japan in current Kyoto] were supplied to the tax storage called 'ritsubun-do')' that made up the shortage of shozei with the interest on kugaito and establishment of 'shozei shikisu' in which kokushi's minimum liability for shozei suiko (compulsory loaning to and collecting repayments from peasants) was prescribed in kyakushiki (a kind of law in the ritsuryo system).
- タカムスヒはその矢に血が付いていたので、この矢はアメノワカヒコに与えた矢であると諸神に示して、「アメノワカヒコの命に別状無くて、悪い神を射た矢が飛んで来たのなら、この矢はアメノワカヒコに当たるな。もしアメノワカヒコに邪心があるのなら、この矢に当たれ」と言って、矢を下界に投げ返した。
- Because Takamusuhi found blood on the arrow, showing it to the gods, and thought that it was the arrow that was given to Amenowakahiko; Takamusuhi threw it back to the earth, saying, 'If there is nothing wrong with Amenowakahiko and this is the arrow that shot through the evil god and flew to the heaven, then Arrow, you cannot shoot Amenowakahiko. But if Amenowakahiko has an evil intention, shoot through Amenowakahiko.'
- しかし、後醍醐天皇の討幕運動に呼応した河内国の楠木正成や後醍醐天皇の皇子で天台座主から還俗した護良親王、護良を支援した播磨国の赤松則村(円心)らが幕府軍に抵抗し、さらに幕府側の御家人である上野国の新田義貞や下野国の足利尊氏(高氏)らが幕府から朝廷へ寝返り、諸国の反幕府勢力を集める。
- However, those who had responded to Emperor Godaigo's call to strike against the shogunate like Masashige KUSUNOKI of Kawachi Province, Emperor Godaigo's own son Imperial Prince Morinaga (also known as Moriyoshi), who had returned to secular life after serving as head abbot of the entire Tendai sect, and Norimura (Enshin) AKAMATSU of Harima Province, who provided Morinaga support, continued to resist the shogunal forces; moreover, shogunal supporters like the gokenin (lower samurai warrior vassals) Yoshisada NITTA of Kozuke Province and Takauji ASHIKAGA of Shimotsuke Province eventually turned against the shogunate and joined the Imperial cause, gathering together a force from all the various provinces sufficient to topple the shogunate.
- 18世紀には、主にロシア、イギリス、フランスなど帝国主義時代の欧米列強が日本へも接近し、日本人漂流民の返還のために蝦夷地へ来日したアダム・ラクスマンの来航(寛政4年(1792年))といった諸外国が通商を求める出来事や、1811年(文化8)のゴローニン事件といった摩擦・紛争が起こり始めた。
- In the 18th century, the allied western powers of imperialism such as Russia, England and France approached Japan thus some issues and disputes started to occur such as the arrival of Adam Kirillovich Laksman who came to Ezo to return Japanese castaways in 1792 and the Golovnin Incident of 1811.
- 薩摩藩と長州藩が薩長同盟を結び倒幕運動を推し進めていた幕末も大詰めの時期、公議政体論を主張し将軍の政権返上を政治路線として考えていた土佐藩は、慶応3年(1867年)10月3日 (旧暦)に(坂本龍馬が発案計画し、後藤象二郎協力)大政奉還の建白書を藩主山内豊信を通じ将軍・徳川慶喜に提出した。
- At the very end of the Edo period when the Satsuma clan and Choshu clan formed Satsuma-Choshu Alliance to promote the movement to overthrow the Shogunate, the Tosa clan, which supported the parliamentary regime theory and the Shogun's returning the sovereignty to the Emperor, submitted a petition for Taisei Hokan (proposed and planned by Ryoma SAKAMOTO in cooperation with Shojiro GOTO) to the Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA through the lord of the domain Toyoshige YAMAUCHI on October 29, 1867.
- だが、この事実が当時の幹部以外の軍部関係者には認識されず、大山・山縣は参謀総長として出席したと解されたらしく、以後の御前会議で統帥部が出席する根拠とされ、また事実と全く反するにも関わらず「政府の決定によって統帥部の決定がひっくり返された前例はない」とする'神話'が生み出されたと言われている。
- However, this fact was not known to the military related person except for the executives at that time, OYAMA and YAMAGATA might have been considered to be attended the conference as the Chief of the General Staff, and this became an evidence for the supreme command staff to attend the later conference in the presence of the Emperor, and despite it was completely the opposite to the fact, 'a myth' was born saying 'there is no precedent that the decision of supreme command staff was overturned by the decision of the government'.
- 『先代旧事本紀』の記述によれば、「一二三四五六七八九十、布留部 由良由良止 布留部(ひと ふた み よ いつ む なな や ここの たり、ふるべ ゆらゆらと ふるべ)」と唱える「ひふみの祓詞」や十種神宝の名前を唱えながらこれらの品々を振り動かせば、死人さえ生き返るほどの呪力を発揮するという。
- According to 'Sendai Kujihongi,' by chanting Hifumi no Haraekotoba, 'Hito, futa, mi, yo, itsu, mu, nana, ya, kokono, tari, furube yurayurato furube,' or chanting the names of Tokusanokandakara while waving the treasures, the ritual had the magical power with which even the dead could come back to life.
- こうした取引は循環的かつ継続的に毎年繰り返されるが、正貨獲得時期と正貨支出時期が一致するとは限らず、正貨獲得以前に支出を要する場合には、販売予定の年貢米や特産品を担保として有力商人(特に蔵屋敷に出入りする蔵元や掛屋)から金銀を借りて、実際に入ってきた年貢米や特産品をもって返済することになる。
- As the timing of inflow and outflow of specie money did not always match although this business was done every year cyclically and continuously, when expense was needed before attaining the current money, it was unavoidable to borrow gold and silver from powerful merchants (especially kuramoto [sake brewer] or kakeya [merchants dealing in finance]), putting up their annual rice tax or local special products which were to be sold later as security, and they paid back when such rice tax or products were actually delivered.
- そうした時代に、『吾妻鏡』が編纂され、北条貞時政権の担い手(寄合衆)達、特に文筆の家の者が中心になって、自分達の寄って立つ鎌倉幕府、北条得宗家体制の成立、その中で源氏三代、そして北条泰時、北条時頼の時代を回顧され、そしてそれぞれの「家」の成立・形成を示しながら鎌倉幕府の歴史が振り返られていく。
- 'Azuma Kagami' was compiled in such times, looking back on the history of the Kamakura bakufu, on which the pillar (Yoriaishu) of the Sadatoki HOJO administration, especially the writers' family members depended, and also looking back on the establishment of the Hojo Tokuso family administration, especially the reign of Minamoto clan which lasted over three generations, those of Yasutoki and Tokiyori HOJO, and on the appearance and formation of the 'Family' system.
- 鎌倉時代に入ると、公家法においても子孫に対する悔返が場合によっては認められるようになっていたが、その場合においても親の保護下にない既婚女子への譲与分の悔返の禁止などの厳しい制約が設けられ、特に本人もしくは和与を受けた子孫が第三者に譲った場合(他人和与)にはいかなる場合でも悔返は認められなかった。
- In the Kamakura period, although Kuikaeshi against the descendants were allowed in some cases even in the Kugeho, there were some severe restrictions such as no Kuikaeshi was allowed against properties handed to married women who were not under their parents' protection; and especially when the previous owner or the descendants who received it by compromise gave it to a third person (compromise to a non-blood relative), no Kuikaeshi was allowed.
- 室町幕府や戦国大名なども市場や道路などのいわゆる「アジール」的な場所での質取行為は禁止したものの、前述の地縁に関する認識の存在と慣習法としての一般認識の存在、他に債務者に対して債務返済への心理的圧力としてある程度までは有効性があったことから、規制は行われても禁止にまで踏み切った法は存在しなかった。
- While the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) banned Shichitorikoi in so-called sanctuary-like places such as markets and streets, there were only restrictions and was no law to ban the actions because Shichitorikoi was effective as the existence of the above-mentioned cognition of the group responsibility in a local community and the general cognition as a common law and mental pressure on the debtor to pay for his or her debt.
- お蔭参りとは、庶民が奉公先から抜け出し、伊勢参りに出かける人が急増する現象のことで、江戸時代には元和 (日本)3年(1617年)、慶安年間(1648年~1652年)、宝永2年(1705年)、明和8年(1771年)、文政13年・天保元年(1830年)というように約60年周期で自然発生的に繰り返された。
- Okagemairi is the phenomenon that the number of the common people who got away from their service to pay a visit to Ise-jingu Shrine increased drastically, and it occurred spontaneously and repeated various times such as in 1617, 1648 to 1652, 1705, 1771 and 1830 at about 60-years intervals.
- ここでの「悪友」とは、福澤諭吉らの「平等」や「義」や「独立心」を重んずる思想と違って、福澤らから見れば、閨閥、門閥政治、小中華思想(日本蔑視思想)などの旧弊に固執し血なまぐさい権力闘争を繰り返し、事大主義で外交において信義がなく、外交方針がころころ変わる清国や李氏朝鮮という認識で用いられた言葉である。
- Unlike the thought which put a high value on 'Equality,' 'Righteousness' and 'Independence' by Yukichi FUKUZAWA and others, 'Bad friends' in the 'Datsu-A Ron' was the word used meaning the Qing and Joseon Dynasty Korea where, adhering to their old customs of Keibatsu (network by blood connection), lineage government and petit Sinocentrism (idea of disrespect for Japan), bloody strifes over authority were repeated, being Sadaejuui (Loving and admiring the great and powerful) and faithless in diplomacy and diplomatic policies changed so often.
- 日本の達成が難しいと囁かれ始めた 2007年頃になって、京都議定書自体が欧米諸国による政治的な圧力であるという陰謀論(そもそも根拠が示されていない、既に支持を失った議論を蒸し返しているなどの理由により懐疑論にもなり得ていないもの)が、一部評論筋や個人の論評などで、にわかに唱えられはじめるようになった。
- Around 2007 when it was whispered that it seemed unlikely for Japan to achieve the goal, some critics or individuals began to claim a conspiracy theory that Kyoto Protocol itself was a political pressure from Western countries (it is a groundless theory and is far from even being skepticism because it is based on the issue which was once discussed and consequently lost its supporters).
- 大宰府の少弐資能(武藤資能)は蒙古国書(日本側では牒状と記録)と高麗王書状を受け取り、鎌倉幕府へ送達する(しかし、日本側からの返牒の気配がなかったためか、太宰府来着から七ヶ月後に潘阜は高麗へ帰還しており、高麗は同年10月には潘阜の遣使が不首尾に終わった旨を元朝宮廷側に潘阜ら自らが赴くなどして報告している)。
- Sukeyoshi SHONI (Sukeyoshi MUTO) of Dazai-fu received the letter from the Mongol Empire (letter and records according to Japanese materials) and the one from the king of Goryeo, and sent them to Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) (however, Hanpu returned to Goryeo seven months after his arrival at Dazai-fu, possibly because Japan showed no intention to reply, and in October of the same year, Goryeo reported to the Yuan imperial court, by envoy Hanpu himself visiting there, that he had gained no fruit).
- その後、後村上天皇が摂津国の住吉大社宮司の津守氏の正印殿を約10年間、行宮(住吉行宮)とし、住吉大神を奉じる瀬戸内海の水軍を傘下にして、四国、九州との連絡網を確立し、南朝は各地で活動するが、1363年には山名氏や大内氏の北朝への帰順、楠木正儀の投降などで衰退し、拉致した三上皇を返還するなど講和的態度も示している。
- Afterwards, Emperor Gomurakami made the Shoinden (main shrine building) of the Tsumori clan, who were hereditary chief priests of the Sumiyoshi-taisha Grand Shrine in Settsu Province, his Angu (Sumiyoshi Angu), or temporary lodging especially for an Imperial visit, for about ten years and established a contact route with Shikokua and Kyushu because he held control of the naval forces in the Seto Inland Sea, who worshiped the Sumiyoshi Gods, leading to activities of the Southern Court in various places, but the betrayal of the Yamana clan and Ouchi clan to the Northern Court and the surrender of Masanori KUSUNOKI in 1363 led to its decline and it started to show a shift towards a peaceful stance by returning the three retired emperors.
- 『事前に用意していなければ出来ない』とする説はほとんどが近年の学者が述べている発言であり、当時秀吉や豊臣家と関係があった武士からは敵味方を問わず中国大返しを疑問視した発言や記録は出ていない(当時の武士から見ても速すぎるのであれば後に秀吉と敵対した織田信雄・信孝・柴田勝家・徳川家康らがそれを主張しないのは不自然である)。
- Most of the views that 'he could not go back to Kyoto so quickly without any preparation' are mentioned by recent researchers, and there is no records to doubt 'Chugoku Ogaeshi' by warlords who had relations to Hideyoshi or TOYOTOMI clan at that time (if it was too quick from the viewpoint of warlords in those days, it is unnatural that warlords such as Nobukatsu and Nobutaka ODA, Katsuie SHIBATA and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who was against Hideyoshi later, did not insist it.
- 藤原北家の藤原良房の嫡流を経て、鎌倉初期に至り藤原忠通の子の近衛基実と九条兼実がそれぞれ近衛流摂関家と九条流摂関家を成立させ、嫡流が2家に分裂した(この他に同じ忠通の子である松殿基房を祖とする松殿流摂関家の松殿家があったが、松殿師家が摂政になった後は摂政・関白を輩出することなく何度も断絶を繰り返しているため摂家には数えない)。
- Through the main branch of the family of FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa of Fujiwara Hokke (Fujiwara Hoku Family), in the early Kamakura period, FUJIWARA no Tadamichi's sons, Motozane KONOE and Kanezane KUJO established the Sekkan Family (Sekkan-ke) of the Konoe group and Kujoryu Sekkan-ke, a regent family, respectively; this resulted in the division of the main branch of the family into two families (although there was, in addition the Matsudono Family of the Sekkan Family (Sekkannke) of the Matsudono group, the originator of which was Motofusa MATSUDONO, who was also a son of Tadamichi; but, the Matsudono Family is not counted as sekke, with the two families because, after Moroie MATSUDONO became regent, no one from the Matsudono Family became a regent or chief advisor of the Emperor and the family line failed many times).
- この話が島に広まると、同年7月22日、下里村の士族にして、以前は「下地頭」という旧吏でもあった奥平昌綱ら数名に率いられた島民約1,200名は、ある者は木棒、またある者は櫂、日用品の鈍器などまで手にして、口笛・法螺貝等を吹き鳴らしながら罵声を轟かせて派出所前に押し寄せ、四囲を取り囲んで投石を繰り返し、「下地を引き渡せっ」と迫った。
- When this story was spread to the island, with people who were Shizoku and also former officials, such as Shoko OKUHIRA in the lead, 1200 islanders with a wood stick, an oar or a blunt instrument for daily use in their hand, went to the police station whistling, blowing a trumpet shell or yelling, and they pressured the police station to 'hand over Shimoji' by surrounding the police station and throwing stones.
- また、御成敗式目制定時には兄弟甥姪に対する悔返は他人和与の例に準じて認められていなかった(これは公家法と同様であった)が、仁治元年(1240年)に本主(元の所有者)に父母の礼をなすか恩顧によって分与を得たものが本主に敵対する行動をとった場合には悔返の対象とされ、正応3年(1290年)には兄弟甥姪に対する悔返が全面的に認められた。
- Also, when Goseibai-shikimoku was established, the Kuikaeshi against brothers and cousins were not allowed as well as the cases of a compromise with a third person (same as in Kugeho), but in 1240, when the person who received the property from the previous owner for treating the owner's parents well or from patronage became hostile against the owner, it was to be the subject for Kuikaeshi; and in 1290, all Kuikaeshi against brothers and cousins became legal.
- 1469年(文明元年)になると、大内氏の重臣で文武両道の名将として知られた益田兼堯が石見国で離反、九州の大友親繁・少弐政資とともに大内教幸を擁して西軍方の大内領に侵攻、この動きは鎮圧されたものの、1471年(文明3年)には守護代でありながら西軍の主力となっていた朝倉孝景が義政自らの越前守護職補任をうけて東軍側に寝返ったのである。
- By 1469, Kanetaka MASUDA, a high-ranking vassal of the Ouchi family and known as a general distinguished in both literary and military arts, severed from his lord in Iwami Province and, joining hands with Chikashige OTOMO and Masasuke SHONI in Kyushu, invaded Ouchi's territory on the Western side under the banner of Noriyuki OUCHI; though this action was subdued, in 1471 Takakage ASAKURA who, in spite of his status as shugodai (deputy shugo), had led the main force of the Western camp, was personally appointed by Yoshimasa to the position of shugo of Echizen and went over to the Eastern side.
- なお「日本の首領」で三船敏郎、佐分利信、片岡千恵蔵が同じ場面で競演した際には、挨拶の順は1)三船(1920生、戦後デビュー)が二人に挨拶し、2)次に佐分利(1909生、1931デビュー)が片岡に「佐分利でございます」と挨拶して3)最後に千恵蔵(1903生、1927デビュー)が「おう」と返事を済ませて大物同士の挨拶が済んだとされる。
- When Toshiro MIFUNE, Shin SABURI, and Chiezo KATAOKA performed together in the same scene of the yakuza film 'Nihon no Don,' they greeted each other in the following fashion: first, Mifune (born in 1920 and who made his debut after the Second World War) said hello deferentially to the two seniors, then Saburi (born in 1909 and debuting in 1931) introduced himself to Kataoka with the words 'I'm Saburi, sir,' and lastly Kataoka (born in 1903 and debuting in 1927) said to the two juniors, 'Hello, guys.'
- 同じく赤松一族で但馬竹田城城主・斎村政広も西軍から東軍に寝返ったものの、西軍に与した宮部長房の居城・鳥取城を攻めるときにあまりに手ひどく城下町を焼き払ったために、徳川家康から戦後、これを理由に自害(この件に関しては寝返りを促した亀井茲矩に責任転嫁された冤罪説が強い)を命じられてしまい、これにより大名としての赤松氏は滅亡したのである。
- Masahiro SAIMURA, also a member of the Akamatsu family and was the lord of Takeda-jo Castle in Tajima Province, switched to the East squad from the West squad as well, but after the battle (Battle of Sekigahara) he was ordered to kill himself by Ieyasu Tokugawa, for the charge that Masahiro seriously damaged the castle town by setting fire brutally when he attacked Nagafusa MIYABE of the West squad at his home castle, Tottori-jo Castle, (for this incident, the theory of the false accusation caused by Koremori KAMEI, who encouraged the betrayal and shifted the responsibility is highly likely), and with Masahiro's death, the Akamatsu clan as daimyo had distinguished.
- 山崎の戦い(やまざきのたたかい)は、天正10年(1582年)6月に本能寺の変で織田信長を討った明智光秀に対して、高松城 (備中国)の攻城戦から引き返してきた豊臣秀吉が、6月13日(西暦7月2日)京都へ向かう途中の摂津国と山城国の境に位置する山崎(大阪府三島郡 (大阪府)島本町山崎、京都府乙訓郡大山崎町)で、明智軍と激突した戦いである。
- The Battle of Yamazaki was fought between Mitsuhide AKECHI, who had defeated Nobunaga ODA in the Honnoji Incident in June and July 1582, and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI returning from an attack on Takamatsu-jo Castle (in Bicchu Province); the scene of the battle was Yamazaki (Yamazaki, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka Prefecture and Oyamazaki-cho, Otokuni-gun, Kyoto Prefecture), located on the border between Settsu Province and Yamashiro Province, where Toyotomi's forces passed on their way to Kyoto and clashed head on with Akechi's on July 2.
- 地方勘定帳は翌年の10月までに提出を義務付けられ、特別な事情がある場合でも3年以内に勘定仕上げをして下勘定所に提出し、監査を経たのちに老中・若年寄・勘定吟味役・勘定奉行・勘定組頭らの前で代官が改めて収支報告をする地方総勘定が行われ、勘定吟味役・勘定奉行・勘定組頭の奥書と老中・勝手掛担当の若年寄による奥印、勝手方老中の綴目印と調印を行って代官に返却された。
- For the final settlement of accounts, local account books had to be submitted to the Shimo kanjosho (financial office) by October in the following year or within three years under special circumstances for auditing and general local accounting, where the balance of payments was reported by the local governor in front of higher officers such as roju, wakadoshiyori, kanjo ginmiyaku, kanjo bugyo, kanjo kumigashira, and the account books were returned to the local governor with postscripts by kanjo ginmiyaku, kanjo bugyo and kanjo kumigashira attached, certified seals were affixed by the roju and wakadoshiyori in charge of finance, and a stitching seal and a verification seal were affixed by the roju in charge of finance.
- 『日本三代実録』元慶8年7月8日条によれば、同年6月7日に光孝天皇から政務の要請された(通常、これを関白の開始とするが、「関白」という言葉自体は宇多天皇が出した仁和3年の詔が初出であって、太政大臣あるいは摂政としての継続の意味であった可能性もある)際に一旦これを辞退した際の基経の返答に「如何、責阿衡、以忍労力疾、役冢宰以侵暑冒寒乎。」という語句を含めている。
- According to the description of July 8, 884 in 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku,' when Mototsune was requested on June 7 of the same year by the Emperor Koko to assume state affairs (although this request is generally believed to have been the beginning of his tenure of Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), it could have been the request to continue to serve as Dajodaijin (grand minister) or Sessho (regent) since the word 'Kanpaku' was used for the first time in the shochoku issued by Emperor Uda in 887), he once declined and used in his reply the phrase of 'I wonder whether I can fulfill Ako's responsibilities even though I work hard regardless of heat and cold.'
- だが、江戸時代中期に入ると形状的・臨時的(例勅使・朝鮮通信使の接待や征夷大将軍の日光社参参詣の供奉など)の両面における財政支出の拡大に加えて享保3年(1718年)以後の米価の低落傾向によって財政難に拍車がかかり、恒常的な借り入れ関係が生じ、更に領内の凶作によって蔵屋敷への年貢米(蔵米)や特産品(蔵物)搬入が減少するなどで売却代金によって返済しきれなくなる事態も生じた。
- However, in the middle of the Edo period, financial spending of domains expanded because there were more formal and special expenses required (for example, receptions of imperial messengers and envoys from Korea, or attendance on the shogun's visit to Nikko to recognize their great ancestor), and their financial difficulty was accelerated because of the declining of rice price in and after 1718.
- 武田一族にも関わらず土壇場で勝頼を裏切ったことから、同じく信玄の娘婿でありながら織田家に寝返った木曽義昌や滅亡寸前に裏切った小山田信茂らと共に否定的評価がある一方で、佐藤八郎など家名存続のため敢えて背いた情勢判断を正当視する好意的評価や、矢野俊文による武田氏と国人領主の穴山や小山田の関係が連合政権であるとする立場から、滅亡に際して個別領主の立場から離反に至ったとする見解もある。
- Because he betrayed Katsuyori at the last minute despite being a Takeda family member, Nobukimi ANAYAMA had a negative reputation alongside Yoshimasa KISO, who was also the son-in-law of Shingen but switched sides to the Oda family, and Nobushige OYAMADA, who committed betrayal just before the fall; however, Hachiro SATO gives him a favorable appraisal, justifying his daring decision to turn away in order to sustain the family name, while Toshifumi YANO believes that the relationship between the Takeda clan and local samurai lords such as Anayama and Oyamada was a coalition government, and that with the fall of Takeda family, Nobukimi broke away from the perspective of an individual feudal lord.
- また、(以下、「(一)」、「(二)」、「(レ)」は漢文の返り点)、『続本朝通鑑』には、「頃年、有(二)石川五右衛門者(一)、或穿窬或強盗不(レ)止矣、秀吉令(二)京尹前田玄以遍捜(一)(レ)之、遂捕(二)石川(一)、且縛(二)其母竝同類二十人許(一)烹(二)殺之三条河原(一)」とあり、『歴朝要紀』には、「所司代法印前田玄以、捕(二)賊石川五右衛門竝其母及其党二十(一)烹(二)殺于三条河原(一)」とある。
- Moreover, 'Zoku Honcho tsugan' and 'Rekicho yoki' both mention Goemon ISHIKAWA's execution similar to the ones mentioned above.
- 極端の場合として領内の凶作にも関わらず、貸付の停止を恐れた藩が農民から強制的に徴収して蔵屋敷に送って、同一年の年貢米を担保に複数の商人から融資を受ける例や、返済実績の確保を行ったために蔵屋敷に大量に米が送られているにも関わらず領内は飢饉で餓死者が出るという「飢饉移出」が発生して餓死者の発生に伴って耕作者のいない田畑が発生して更なる財政収入の悪化をもたらして更なる大名貸を依頼するという悪循環が発生した例もあった。
- There were some extreme cases such as an example that domains who were in fear of termination of loaning collected rice from farmers forcibly and sent the rice to their kurayasiki to arrange finance loans from several merchants by putting the rice as security, or another example that domains who were giving priority on repaying sent a large amount of rice to their kurayashiki even though people were dying from starvation in their territories, which created a bad circulation of more need of arranging daimyogashi because of worsened financial inflow caused by less farmers on farmland after starvation.
- 後世においては製造に高度な技術を必要として製造経費もかかる白紙ではなく、低廉で非常時の綸旨発給に備えやすい中古紙からの再生紙である薄墨紙(宿紙/漉返紙)が用紙として用いられるようになり、後に綸旨には薄墨紙用いる事を書式とする慣例が成立したために、薄墨紙を「綸旨紙」、綸旨自体を「薄墨綸旨」と呼ぶ例も見られるようになった(ただし、天皇から蔵人頭・蔵人以外の官人(弁官など)に対して作成・発給が命じられた場合には薄墨紙は用いられていない)。
- In the later age, usuzumi gami (gray paper) (shukushi (recycled paper) or sukigaeshi gami (paper made from dissolved paper), recycled paper made from used paper, which was inexpensive and easy to be stocked for urgent issuance of rinji, came to be used instead of white paper whose manufacturing cost was expensive because an advanced technique was required for manufacturing, and thereafter it became a custom to use usuzumi gami for rinji as a documentary format; therefore, in some cases, usuzumi gami was called 'rinji gami' (rinji paper), and rinji itself was called 'usuzumi rinji' (however, usuzumi gami was not used for rinji which was created and issued by the Emperor to government officials (esp. low to medium rank) (such as benkan, etc.) other than Kurodo no to (Head Chamberlain) and Kurodo).
- 幕府軍によって変の首謀者たちが討たれ、剣が奪い返された後も神璽は後南朝に持ち去られたままであったが、1457年(長禄元年)に至って、1441年(嘉吉元年)の嘉吉の乱で取り潰された赤松氏の復興を願う赤松家遺臣の石見太郎、丹生屋帯刀、上月満吉らが、大和国・紀伊国国境付近の北山(奈良県吉野郡上北山村か)あるいは三之公(同郡川上村 (奈良県))に本拠を置いていた後南朝に臣従すると偽って後南朝勢力を襲い、南朝の末裔という自天王・忠義王兄弟を殺害して神璽を奪い返した(長禄の変)。
- Shogunal forces hunted down and executed the ringleaders of the Incident and recaptured the sword, but the Grand Jewels remained with the Gonancho forces who fled in 1457, the surviving retainers of the Akamatsu clan - which had been crushed in the Kakitsu Rebellion of 1441 - including Taro ISHIMI, Tatewaki NIUNOYA, and Mitsuyoshi KOZUKI, wishing to restore the Akamatsu clan's fortunes, went to the Gonancho headquarters at Kitayama near the provincial borders of Yamato and Kii Provinces (possibly referring to modern-day Kamikitayama village in Yoshino district, Nara Pref.), or perhaps at Sannoko (in Kawakami village of Yoshino district, Nara Pref.), and pretended to become vassals of the Gonancho before turning on them and striking down many of their forces, murdering Princes Jitenno and Tadayoshiten who were brothers and Imperial descendants of the Southern Court bloodline, before recapturing the Grand Jewels (in what became known as the Choroku Incident).
- 小説やテレビドラマでは手のつけられない凶暴な悪漢のように描かれることが多いが、会津藩主松平容保へ嘆願に行く時に八木家から紋付を借りることになり、全員同じ家紋になってしまうと八木源之丞が心配すると(公式の場では、かなり滑稽)、芹沢はまったく意に介せず笑っていたり、八木家から借りた火鉢をこっそり返しに来て、火鉢に刀傷があったので問いただしたら(隊士たちは酔って八木家の家財を手当たり次第に試し切りの材料にしていた)、「俺だ、俺だ」と頭をかいて逃げてしまうなど気さくな一面もあった。
- Although he is often described as a hopelessly violent villain in novels and TV dramas he also had open-hearted aspects which can be seen in such cases as: when Shinsen-gumi members had to borrow Montsuki kimonos from YAGI family upon visiting Katamori MATSUDAIRA, the Head of Aizu Clan, for a petition Gennnojo YAGI worried that they would all be bearing the same family crest (an extremely ridiculous situation at a public occasion), but SERIZAWA laughed, not minding at all; or when SERIZAWA came secretly to return a hibachi he borrowed from YAGI family, YAGI questioned him about cuts made by swords on the hibachi (when the members got drunk, they tested out their swords on randomly selected furniture that belonged to the YAGI family), but SERIZAWA said 'it's me, it's me' and scratched his head and escaped.
- 朝鮮併合がなった際、初代総督寺内正毅は『小早川、加藤、小西が世にあれば、今宵の月をいかにみるらむ(秀吉公の朝鮮征伐に参加された小早川・加藤・小西の諸将が今生きていれば、朝鮮を日本のものとしたこの夜の月をどのような気持ちでみられるだろうか)』と歌を詠み、外務部長だった小松緑はこれに返歌して、『太閤を地下より起こし見せばやな高麗(こま)やま高くのぼる日の丸(太閤殿下を蘇らせ見せ申し上げたいものだ、朝鮮の山々に高く翻る日の丸を)』と歌い、共に太閤の成し得なかった朝鮮の編入が成功したことを喜んだ。
- When annexation of Korea was completed, Masatake TERAUCHI who was the first Governor-General of Korea, composed a waka, 'If Kobayakawa, Kato, and Konishi were alive, how would they look the moon of tonight' (If Kobayakawa, Kato, and Konishi, who were commanders took part in the war by Hideyoshi to conquer Korea were still alive, how would they look at the moon of tonight after obtaining Korea for Japan) and Midori KOMATSU who was the secretary of foreign affairs, composed in reply to it 'I would like to awake Taiko (Hideyoshi) from the underground and make him look at Hinomaru (national flag of Japan) above the mountains of Korea' (I would like to revive Taiko and show him Hinomaru flaunting above mountains of Korea) and they were delighted at success to annex of Korea which Hideyoshi could not achieve.
- 「候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候」
- 候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候'
- オオヤマツミは「私が娘二人を一緒に差し上げたのは、イワナガヒメを妻にすれば天津神の御子(ニニギ)の命は岩のように永遠のものとなり、コノハナノサクヤビメを妻にすれば木の花が咲くように繁栄するだろうとうけい(うけひ)をしたからである。コノハナノサクヤビメだけと結婚したので、天津神の御子の命は木の花のようにはかなくなるだろう」(「我之女二並立奉者有因 使石長姬者 天神御子之命雖雪零風吹 恆可如石而常堅不動坐 亦使木花之佐久夜姬者 如木花之榮榮坐 因立此誓者而使二女貢進 今汝令返石長姬而獨留木花之佐久夜姬 故今後天神御子之御壽者 將如木花之稍縱即逝矣」『古事記』)と言った。
- Oyamatsumi said, 'The reason why I offered my two daughters together was that I made a vow that by making Iwanagahime your wife, the son of Amatsukami (Ninigi)'s life would be as eternal as a rock, and by making Konohana sakuyabime your wife, you would prosper as a tree flowers. Because you married only Konohana sakuyabime, the son of Amatsukami's life will be short just as flowers on a tree' (the 'Kojiki').