軽: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 足軽の動員
- Ashigaru recruitment
- 力多以軽捷。
- He had tremendous power but still could move quickly.
- 柔道軽量級。
- He was a extra-lightweight judo athlete.
- オお軽もゐるな
- Oh, Okaru as well.
- 軽皇子首謀者説
- The theory of Prince Karu being the ringleader
- 津軽安藤氏とも。
- The clan was also called the Tsugaru Ando (安藤) clan.
- 釈尊を軽んずる失
- Negligence by not respecting Shaka
- 子孫は津軽家臣。
- His descendents became retainers of Tsugaru.
- 足軽頭300石。
- Head of ashigaru with an estate of 300 koku.
- 足軽頭400石。
- Head of ashigaru with an estate of 400 koku.
- 軽度扁平上皮内病変
- low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
- - 軽皇子に譲位。
- - The Imperial throne was transferred to Prince Karu.
- お軽「アレ山の端の
- Okaru: Oh, the edge of the mountain!
- お軽勘平の通称も。
- It is commonly known as 'Okarukanpei.'
- 津軽三味線:太棹。
- Tsugaru-jamisen: Futozao.
- 強度軽減移植前治療
- reduced-intensity conditioning
- 時にお軽は18歳。
- Okaru was eighteen years old, at that time.
- 津軽そば(津軽地方)
- Tsugaru soba (Tsugaru Region)
- いわゆる軽食である。
- Such a snack can be also regarded as a light meal.
- お軽「幸ひここの松影で
- Okaru: Luckily in the shade of this pine tree -
- 実態は足軽と同等扱い。
- In reality they were treated as equivalent to ashigaru.
- 津軽民謡の伴奏に使用。
- It is used to play accompaniment to Tsugaru Minyo (a traditional folk song).
- 子に3代藩主津軽信義。
- Her son, Nobuyoshi TSUGARU, was the third lord of the Hirosaki domain.
- 足軽では唯一の参加者。
- He was the only ashigaru member.
- 一寸の光陰軽んずべからず
- There isn't a moment to be wasted
- Every moment is precious
- make hay while the sun shines
- 津軽杜氏(つがるとうじ)
- Tsugaru Toji
- 太鼓中之舞よりやや軽快。
- This mai is danced more lightly than the Chu no mai accompanied on dai-sho hand drums.
- 陸奥の大名津軽氏の家臣。
- He was a vassal of the Tsugaru clan, a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) in Mutsu Province.
- 動きやすい軽装を好んだ。
- He preferred light equipment that let him move easily.
- - 罪の軽重の名例律准拠
- Punishment in conformity with Meirei-ritsu (Japanese criminal law)
- 持筒頭・足軽頭400石。
- Head of mochizutsu (troop of snipers to protect Shogun) and of ashigaru with an estate of 400 koku.
- 諱は軽皇子(かるのみこ)。
- His imina (personal name) was Prince Karu.
- 軽快で明るく若々しい書風。
- Light, bright, and youthful calligraphy.
- - 軽食ではなく和菓子の粽
- It is not a snack but Japanese sweets.
- 号は長春亭・軽舟亭・桃屋。
- His pseudonyms (pen names) were Tyoushuntei, Keishutei, and Momoya.
- 陸奥国の大名津軽氏の家臣。
- He was a vassal of the Tsugaru clan, a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) of Mutsu Province.
- 興福寺の軽視は著しかった。
- As such, he significantly disregarded Kofuku-ji Temple.
- 「所以称物平施知軽重也。」
- By diffusing the units, the weight of things can be known.'
- 'By these units, the mass of matter is represented.'
- 足軽頭、300石(新参)。
- Head of foot soldiers, estate of 300 koku (newcomer).
- 笞刑に次ぐ軽い刑罰である。
- It is a lightest punishment except whipping.
- 名は珂瑠(かる)、軽(かる)。
- He was born Prince Karu which was written as either '珂瑠' or '軽' in Kanji.
- 軽自動車等 350円 (通貨)
- Light vehicle: 350 yen (currency)
- 乗客中死者1名、重軽傷70名。
- One passenger died and 70 more suffered minor or serious injuries.
- 処分は軽く、解官にとどまった。
- His punishment was light, requiring that he resign his position.
- 平賀氏は高松藩の足軽身分の家。
- The Hiraga clan was a family of 'foot soldier' called 'ashigaru' of the Takamatsu Domain.
- 古事記には、軽島之明宮と見える。
- In 'Kojiki,' it is described as Karushima no haruno miya.
- 足軽は士分(武士)には入らない。
- Ashigaru (common foot soldier) were not included in the class of shibun (bushi).
- 足軽(あしがる)は、雑兵の一種。
- Ashigaru (common foot soldiers) were a type of low-ranking soldier.
- 軽自動車等 350円(200円)
- Light vehicle: 350 yen (200 yen)
- 子に近衛忠煕、娘(津軽信順室)。
- He had a son named Tadahiro KONOE and a daughter (Nobuyuki TSUGARU's wife).
- 軽犯罪法(昭和23年法律39号)
- Minor Offensive Act (No. 39 in 1948)
- 中大兄は辞退して軽皇子を推薦した。
- Naka no Oe no Oji refused it and recommended Prince Karu instead.
- お軽「ほんにそれがよかろうわいナァ
- Okaru: That sounds nice.
- 下士、軽輩、無足などとも呼ばれる。
- They were also known as kashi (noncommissioned officer), keihai (a person of low rank), musoku (without territory) and so on.
- 土佐藩足軽として久万村に生まれる。
- He was born as an ashigaru (common foot soldier) of the Tosa Domain in the village of Kuma.
- 鑓奉行…騎馬足軽が付随したとある。
- Yari bugyo (a post in the Edo bakufu)…accompanied by Kiba ashigaru (cavalry).
- 日本のほうが縁座の範囲が狭く軽い。
- The scope of enza was narrower and the punishment was lighter in Japan.
- 都は軽曲峡宮(かるのまがりおのみや。
- The capital was in Karunomagarinomiya.
- それ以上の精米歩合は軽んじられてきた。
- So the polishing ratios of 75 percent or higher were thought little of.
- 京や畿内では軽減、飛騨では免除された。
- The capital and Kinai region enjoyed lightened levy, while Hida Province enjoyed an exemption from paying.
- また足軽といった新たな戦力が加わった。
- Furthermore, new military potential such as the foot soldiers became available.
- 保存性と手軽さがメリットとなっている。
- Their strength is a long storage life and convenience.
- 兄に石田重家、妹に辰姫(津軽信枚室)。
- His older brother was Shigeie ISHIDA and his younger sister was Tatsuhime (wife of Nobuhira TSUGARU).
- 得宗専制が進むと軽視されるようになる。
- It became neglected with the rise of Tokuso autocracy.
- 吉田忠左衛門の足軽、3両2分2人扶持。
- Ashigaru to Chuzaemon YOSHIDA, with a stipend of 3 ryo shared between two people.
- お軽「そんなら聞きとどけてくださんすか」
- Okaru: So, you understand me?
- 割型製法なので中空となり見た目より軽い。
- It is hollow due to a process of making with split molds, and thus has a lighter weight than it looks.
- そのため大名は年貢の軽減を図った(※)。
- It is for this reason that daimyo attempted to reduce land taxes*.
- 醤油を入れた後、軽く混ぜてからかける派。
- A group of adding soy sauce and stirring it lightly before pouring.
- 軽度の燻製加工が施されている場合もある。
- It may be smoked lightly.
- また、津軽地方に落ち延びたとの説もある。
- According to another theory, he escaped to the Tsugaru region.
- 舞踊は軽妙洒脱さに溢れ好劇家に喜ばれた。
- His dance was full of wittiness and sophistication, and delighted kabuki play fans.
- 足軽の出現等によりこの一騎討ちは廃れた。
- The pattern of one-on-one battles was abolished due to the appearance of ashigaru (common foot soldier).
- 文永5年(1268年) 津軽の蝦夷反乱。
- In 1268, the Emishi in Tsugaru area revolted.
- 軽大娘皇女を伊予国に配流(→衣通姫伝説)。
- Karu no oiratsume was exiled to Iyo Province (see Sotoori-hime legend)
- 次兄・津軽義孝は常陸宮妃華子の父に当たる。
- Her younger brother, Yoshitaka TSUGARU is the father of Princess Hitachi Hanako.
- お軽「アレまたそのやうなこと言はしやんすか
- Okaru: Why do you say such a thing again.
- そのほか、大身の武士の家来にも足軽はいた。
- In addition, ashigaru also served as retainers for high-ranking samurai.
- 日本ではこれに軽さといった条件も加わった。
- In Japan, lightness was added to these conditions.
- また津軽三味線は例外を除き犬皮を使用する。
- For Tsugaru-jamisen (Tsugaru-shamisen), with some exceptions, dog skin is used.
- 国臣は足軽鉄砲頭小金丸彦六の養子になった。
- Kuniomi was adopted by Hikoroku KOGANEMARU, head of the ashigaru artillery.
- このとき、西郷は銃弾を受けて軽傷を負った。
- At that time, Saigo was injured hit by a bullet.
- 1467年の応仁の乱で細川勝元の足軽大将。
- During the Onin War in 1467, he served as the chief commander of foot soldiers of Katsumoto HOSOKAWA's army.
- 翌6月14日、皇極天皇は軽皇子へ譲位した。
- On June 14, Empress Kogyoku abdicated the throne and handed over the position to Prince Karu.
- 14日のうちに、軽皇子は壇に登って即位した。
- On June 14 Prince Karu stepped onto the stage and assumed the throne.
- お軽「何のまあ、それよりはまだ行先が思はれて
- Okaru: It's nothing, but I cannot help but think of this journey's future.
- かもじを最小限に使うので軽くなる傾向がある。
- The hair tended to be lighter because a minimum number of kamoji (hairpieces) were used.
- そのため、酸性雨の被害軽減にも寄与している。
- Consequently, kosa also contributes to a reduction in the damage due to acid rain.
- 当初は数も少なく弓足軽と同じ組に属していた。
- At the beginning, they were few in number and they belonged to the same infantry as yumi ashigaru (foot soldiers who are archers).
- しかし、興福寺は謀反に同意した罪は軽くない。
- But Kofuku-ji temple's blame for their willful rebellion is heavy indeed.
- むしろ当時は足軽技とみなされる傾向にあった。
- It was rather considered as an ashigaru waza (art of common foot soldier).
- お軽は矢絣に縦やの字帯の御殿女中のこしらえ。
- Okaru is dressed in the style of a palace maid, with a 'yagasuri' (arrow pattern) kimono and an obi belt tied in the shape of the Japanese letter 'や'.
- 福岡藩足軽・平野吉郎右衛門の二男に生まれる。
- He was born the second son of 平野吉郎右衛門, an ashigaru (common foot soldier) of Fukuoka Domain.
- 伊都内親王願文のような自由軽妙な躍動がある。
- It is written in a free, light, lambent style, full of liveliness like Ito Naishinno Ganmon (prayer of Princess Ito).
- 足軽頭・郡奉行、200石役料50石(譜代)。
- Head of ashigaru as well as koribugyo (county magistrate), with an estate of 200 koku and 50 koku of executive allowance (hereditary daimyo).
- 軽皇子は穴穂皇子を討ち殺そうとして兵を集める。
- Karu no Miko assembled soldiers to kill Anaho no Miko.
- 常盤井宮家に比べて軽視されていたことが伺える。
- Compared with the Tokiwainomiya family, it seems that the Kideranomiya family was valued less.
- 薄切りしたものを軽く火であぶるなどして食べる。
- This food is mostly broiled slightly for eating
- やがて自動販売機で手軽に入手できるようになる。
- Soon it became to be sold in vending machines conveniently.
- 携帯性や軽量化や矢の収納や取り出しやすさなど。
- The mobility, lightness, storage of arrows, the ease to pull them out to load and so on.
- 古筆を手軽に鑑賞できるところからこの名で呼ぶ。
- It is called this name as ancient calligraphy is easily appreciated.
- 軽くあぶり、そのまままたは醤油をつけて食べる。
- It is normally eaten as it is or with soy sauce.
- 観客の眼を引くように大きく、かつ軽く作られる。
- It is big enough to draw audience's attraction, but not heavy.
- 重量は比較的軽く、上り坂でも進むことができる。
- It is relatively light-weight, and it can even go uphill.
- たたき 直火で表面を軽く焼いて切り分けた刺身。
- Tataki: the sashimi in which the surface of raw fish or animal meat is grilled slightly, with the meat sliced for eating
- 福岡藩足軽山座省吾の次男として福岡に生まれる。
- He was born in Fukuoka as the second son of Syogo YAMAZA, ashigaru (common foot soldier) in Fukuoka Domain.
- 運転していた男子高生に1週間の軽傷を負わせた。
- A high school student who was driving a bike suffered a minor injury which would require a week for recovery.
- 軽自動車は介護用以外で使用されることは少ない。
- Keicars (light motor vehicles) are rarely used for other than nursing purposes.
- しかし、津軽や渡島の住民は依然蝦夷と呼ばれた。
- Nevertheless, inhabitants of the Tsugaru and Oshima peninsulas were still called Emishi or Ezo.
- 軽井沢ウイスキー蒸留所(長野県北佐久郡御代田町)
- Karuizawa Whiskey Distillery (Miyotamachi, Kitasaku County, Nagano Prefecture)
- さらに津軽・渡嶋の蝦夷も蜂起した蝦夷を支援する。
- Moreover, the Emishi in Tsugaru and Watarishima supported the Emishi in revolt.
- 表面を軽く焼く程度にとどめ、中には火を通さない。
- Only the surface of the food is lightly seared, and the inside is not cooked.
- 手軽さと比較的良好な食味から広く普及しつつある。
- Frozen Udon noodles are spreading widely for convenience and comparatively good eating quality.
- この見方を補強する資料が津軽家文書の中にもある。
- There is an example in the documents of the Tsugaru family that supports this view.
- 軽い場合には、妻と子(息子)が流二千里になった。
- In the cases of the least serious level, the offender's wives and sons were banished 2,000-ri.
- 各放送局の軽井沢テレビ中継放送所が設置されている。
- Karuizawa TV relay stations for various broadcasting companies are located here.
- 非常に軽量であり、ビニール傘よりわずかに重い程度。
- Fukuro shinai are quite light, weighing a little more than a vinyl umbrella.
- 遠くに富士が見えるのを背景にお軽勘平が立っている。
- Okaru and Kanpei are standing with Mt. Fuji behind them in the distance.
- 食べる直前に軽く熱湯で茹で直し、湯を切って供する。
- Tama-Udon is boiled again for a short period in hot water immediately before eating, and served after draining the water off.
- その直後、家臣が徳川家の足軽に侮辱されて自害した。
- Shortly after that, one of his vassals was insulted by ashigaru (foot soldier) of the Tokugawa family and committed suicide.
- 萩藩松本村新道に足軽吉田清内の嫡子として生まれる。
- He was born as the first son of Seinai YOSHIDA, an ashigaru (foot soldier) in Shindo, Matsumoto Village, Hagi Domain.
- 足軽頭は八島宗右衛門を除いて全員が血判を提出した。
- All the chiefs of foot soldiers submitted the oath except for Soemon YASHIMA.
- 長柄足軽は他の足軽と較べても戦時における動員が多い。
- Compared to other foot soldiers a larger number of nagae ashigaru personnel was mobilized during wartime.
- また表面を軽く焦がすことにより、香ばしさが生まれる。
- Furthermore, slightly scorching provides you with pleasant aroma.
- 次男:石田重成 - 津軽氏に匿われ杉山源吾を名乗る。
- Second son: Shigenari ISHIDA - He was harbored by the Tsugaru clan and gave himself the name Gengo SUGIYAMA.
- 1953年(昭和28年)に軽井沢にアトリエを設けた。
- In 1953, he set up his atelier (studio) at Karuizawa.
- 足軽頭…原元辰(300石)(ただしすぐに赤穂へ立つ)
- Head of foot soldiers - Mototoki HARA (300 koku) (However, he left to Ako straight away)
- しかし、軽罪については各官司が独自に裁判権を持った。
- However, as for minor offences, each government official had jurisdiction independently.
- 起源は軽犯罪者の罪を許し手先として使った放免である。
- The origin of Okappiki was Homen, who were former petty criminals whose sins had been forgiven and worked as a minion.
- お軽「アモシそいつ殺さばお詫びの邪魔、もうよいわいナァ
- Okaru: Darling, that's enough - killing him would just get in the way of our plan to apologize.
- このため太平の世になると槍足軽は真っ先に暇を出された。
- Therefore, during peaceful times the yari ashigaru members were the first ones to be laid off.
- 軽口(かるくし)は、主に2人組で披露される話芸の一種。
- Karukuchi is a type of narrative arts, which is typically performed by a pair of people.
- 武士や足軽といった身分の集団とはまた別の立場にあった。
- Their position was different from that of samurai or ashigaru (common foot soldier).
- まずは外側を軽く固める程度に握り、中央に具材を埋める。
- First press it lightly just solidifying outside and put fillings in the center.
- 1835年、津軽藩用人・毛内裕胤の次男として生まれる。
- In 1835, he was born as the second son of MONAI, a yonin (officer handling domestic economy) of Tsugaru Domain.
- その後も軽い脳梗塞などを起こし、言語が不明瞭であった。
- Afterwards, he also suffered a slight cerebral infraction etc., and had speech difficulty.
- 軽の池の浦廻行き廻る鴨すらに 玉藻の上にひとり寝なくに
- When even they/The wild ducks by the bending shore/Of the pond at Karu/Do no sleep alone at night/On the gemlike waterweed.
- 磐余彦は軽兵を率いて吉野の地を巡り、住人達はみな従った。
- Iwarehikono Mikoto took a tour of the land of Yoshino with his army, and all residents followed him.
- この様な動員形態から足軽は傭兵というべき一面も存在する。
- These various forms of recruitment mean that ashigaru should also be considered mercenaries.
- 徒士は士分に含まれ、士分格を持たない足軽とは峻別される。
- Kachi were categorized into shibun (soldiers who had the status of samurai) and strictly distinguished from ashigaru (common warriors) who had not the status of samurai.
- 弓足軽と弓足軽小頭(以上足軽)を弓組頭(侍)が指揮する。
- Yumi gumi gashira (captain of the archer squad) (samurai) commanded the yumi ashigaru (foot soldiers who were archers) and the yumi ashigaru kogashira (junior captain of foot soldiers who were archers) (both referred to as ashigaru).
- 近年はアクリル製など軽くて丈夫な物も使用することもある。
- In recent years, the light and tough kensui such as those made of acrylic plastic are also found.
- 「今後このような事があれば、忠節を軽んじて誰が困ろうか」
- When this kind of thing happens from now on, who would be in trouble if he makes little of the fidelity.'
- また、足軽の大量解雇や藩札発行の停止などを行なっている。
- In addition, he executed mass dismissal of ashigaru (common foot soldiers) and suspended to issue han bills (bills usable only in a particular feudal clan), and so on.
- 法的には斬罪よりは軽く、遠流よりは重いと考えられていた。
- From a legal point of view, it was regarded as a less serious punishment than an execution by decapitation, but it was regarded as a more serious punishment than a banishment.
- 軽大娘皇女はその後を追い、伊予の国で二人は自害して果てる。
- Later, she followed him and the two committed joint suicide in Iyo Province.
- 香りは穏やかで酸の生成が極めて少なく後味が軽い淡麗タイプ。
- It produces tanrei (crispy and dry) sake, with a mild aroma, minimal acid, and light finish.
- 香りは穏やかで酸の生成が極めて少なく後味が軽い旨口タイプ。
- It produces tasty sake, with a mild aroma, minimal acid, and light finish.
- しかしながら、軽微な物理的被害や健康被害は報告されている。
- However, minor physical damage and minor damage to heath have been reported.
- これらの身分は足軽より下の中間(ちゅうげん)待遇とされた。
- Those who belonged to these classes were treated as chugen class, lower than ashigaru.
- ぬかを軽く落とし火であぶったものはお茶漬けや酒の肴に良い。
- Heshiko which is grilled after lightly washing off rice-bran paste goes with sake or rice with green tea.
- 退場する客がはけるまでの間、軽い噺でつなぐ役割で出演する。
- A 'Oidashi' or 'barashi' performer does a short humorous routine until the audience leaves the theater.
- 手軽に食べられるため、市販の麺の中で高い比率を占めている。
- They enjoy a high share among noodles sold commercially because of the convenience.
- 軽の境部(現在の橿原市)に居住したために境部臣と呼ばれた。
- His family was Sakai-be (a group in Sakai, served Yamato Dynasty) in Karu District (present Kashihara City), and his kabane (hereditary title) was Omi, so the members were called SAKAIBE no Omi.
- 翻って宗盛の狭量さは同じ平家方の武者たちからも軽蔑される。
- Munemori's narrow mindedness was look at with contempt even by warriors on the Taira family side.
- この玄茂らの軽挙により将門軍は手痛い敗北を喫してしまった。
- This careless act of Harumochi and others led Masakado's army to a severe defeat.
- 長男・吉成は弘前藩主津軽信枚の娘を妻として家老職についた。
- The first son, Yoshinari SUGIYAMA, married a daughter of Nobuhira TSUGARU, the lord of Hirosaki Domain, and was appointed to the position of Karo (chief retainer).
- 「性質軽薄にて、人の諫言を顧みない」と評されるほどである。
- Some even described him as a man of frivolous nature who never paid an attention to any admonition.
- 中間の場合は父と息子が遠流、軽い場合には子が中流であった。
- In the cases of the medium level, the offender's father and sons were exiled to the farthest distant island, and in the cases of the least serious level, the offender's sons were exiled to a moderately distant island.
- 軽いのは、規定人数未満を率い、害を加えなかった場合である。
- The least serious level was a case of leading less than a prescribed number of people and not doing harm.
- 賭博や売春をはじめ軽微な犯罪に対する刑罰として用いられた。
- Karyo was used as a penal punishment for minor crimes such as gambling and prostitution.
- 『日本書紀』の評によれば、天皇は仏法を尊び、神道を軽んじた。
- According to 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), the emperor was a stout Buddhist and looked lightly upon the Shinto religion.
- 同母兄であった木梨軽皇子(きなしのかるのみこ)と情を通じた。
- She had an (incestuous) affair with her older brother-uterine Kinashi no karu no miko.
- その後、あとを追ってきた軽大娘皇女と共に自害したと言われる。
- It is said that later, he committed joint suicide with Karu no oiratsume, who had followed him.
- 町割りは城を中心に、侍町、足軽町、町人、寺町などが配された。
- The town distribution centered on the castle and had town districts for Samurai, Ashigaru (common foot soldier), townsmen, and temples.
- 遠方に神社があるため、直接行くことが困難な人も気軽に出来る。
- It makes it easier for people to visit and pray at the Shinto shrines when they are physically situated far away and difficult to reach.
- 重量級の力士をあんこ (相撲)、軽量の力士をそっぷと称する。
- Heavyweight sumo wrestlers are called anko, and lightweight sumo wrestlers are called soppu.
- しかし欄干を飛び交う身軽な義経にかなわず、返り討ちに遭った。
- But the Yoshitsune was so light he hopped on the balustrade of the bridge; he overwhelmed Benkei with his swift movement, and Benkei was finally lost.
- 初めは軽皇子(孝徳天皇)に近づき、後に中大兄皇子に接近した。
- First he became close to Prince Karu (Emperor Kotoku), and then approached Naka no Oe no Oji.
- なお、足軽などが戦場で使用したのは陣鎌であり別のものである。
- Meanwhile, jingama which ashigaru (a common foot soldier) used in a battlefield was quite different from kusarigama.
- 無骨(ほねなし):諸説あるが、骨のないように軽業をする芸か。
- Honenashi (literally no bone): there are various interpretations of this performance, but it would probably have been a display of acrobatics.
- 公務及び宮中祭祀を軽減する等、生活全般についての検討を始めた。
- Then, examining whether the number of official duties and court rituals can be reduced, as well as trying to find other effective measures, the agency started reviewing the lifestyle of the emperor as a whole.
- さわやかな清元を聞きながら、軽やかで華やかな気分を味わう演目。
- It is a program in which the audience can enjoy the light yet gorgeous atmosphere while listening to a refreshing kiyomoto (a joruri performance).
- 鉄砲足軽と鉄砲足軽小頭(以上足軽)を鉄砲組頭(侍)が指揮する。
- Teppo gumi gashira (captain of the gun squad) (samurai) commanded the teppo ashigaru (foot soldiers carrying guns) and teppo ashigaru kogashira (junior captain of the teppo ashigaru) (both referred to as ashigaru).
- 長柄足軽と長柄足軽小頭(以上足軽)を長柄奉行(侍)が指揮する。
- Nagae bugyo (samurai) commanded the nagae ashigaru (foot soldiers with spears) and nagae ashigaru kogashira (junior captain of nagae ashigaru) (both referred to as ashigaru).
- 歴史学が実証主義を重視しすぎ、歴史認識や史学方法論を軽んじた。
- History had placed too much importance on positivism and treated recognition of history and methodologies of history lightly.
- ぼんやりとした唄い方で、呟く様に軽妙に粋に唄うのが特徴である。
- The characteristics of kouta are the singer's mumbling voice, and its rhythmical and stylish song.
- (ただし大型の機械弓は軽量(携帯)条件を無視した弓矢といえる)
- (However, a large machine bow ignores the requirement of lightness (mobility).)
- 外国人が訪日しやすいように旅行査証取得の負担を軽減したりする。
- The Ministry is to make it easier to acquire a tourist visa so that it becomes more convenient for foreigners to visit Japan.
- 副菜としてそのまま、もしくは好みにより軽く焼いて食卓に供する。
- Serve it as it is as a side dish, or cook it slightly depending on each one's preference.
- なじませるために手指で軽くたたき、冷蔵庫で1時間ほど寝かせる。
- They are patted with fingers to blend and stood in the refrigerator for about an hour.
- 足軽・小者が対象の場合はそれぞれ歩行目付・小者目付と呼ばれる。
- When the object of inspection were foot soldiers or komono (low-rank servants), they were respectively called hoko metsuke (inspector of foot soldiers) and komono metsuke (inspector of low-rank servants).
- 一般に寡黙、荘重という印象があるが時として軽忽な一面もみせた。
- Generally, TOGO gave the impression that he was a man of taciturnity and solemnity, but he sometimes showed an indiscretionate side.
- その後は杉山源吾を名乗り、津軽氏の保護のもと深味村に隠棲する。
- He then started to call himself Gengo Sugiyama and lived in seclusion in Fukami village under the protection of the Tsugaru clan.
- 1634年(寛永11年):弘前藩お家騒動(津軽氏 - 弘前藩)
- 1634: Hirosaki Domain oie-sodo (Tsugaru clan; Hirosaki Domain)
- 軽症な方では、及川はアキレス腱と指3本、山本は左足を切断した。
- As rather mild cases, Oikawa had his Achilles tendon and three fingers amputated and Yamamoto his left leg.
- 日本でも戦法が足軽などの徒歩の兵を組織した集団戦へと変化した。
- In Japan, tactics also changed into group tactics, organizing foot soldiers including ashigaru (common foot soldier).
- なお、現在では山口県内のどの新幹線駅売店でも手軽に購入できる。
- Furthermore, it can be purchased at any stand on the Shinkansen bullet train stations in the Yamaguchi Prefecture.
- 軽井沢において学友の所有するアルファロメオを運転したこともある。
- In Karuizawa, he also drove a schoolmate's own car, the Alfa Romeo.
- 平安朝の姫君たちの髪の長さは短い人でも2メートル以上は軽くある。
- Daughters of high-ranking officials in the Heian court easily had hair longer than at least two meters.
- これにより軽く強く撓るようになり、弓の芯、ヒゴに使用されている。
- This allows it to develop a light and strong flexibility, and used as the core of the bow called higo.
- 矢は矢筒・箙(えびら)といわれる細長い軽量の籠に収納し携帯する。
- Arrows are held in a thin light basket called yazutsu or ebira (arrow quiver).
- 食材は軽く塩をふっておくなどして、水分を出し身を引き締めておく。
- Salt the food in advance to remove water and to firm up the flesh of the food.
- 関東のかりんとうは生地の発酵を長めに行い、比較的柔らかくて軽い。
- With karinto made in the Kanto region, the dough is allowed to rise for a longer period of time and the finished karinto is relatively soft and light.
- 清楽はソロでもアンサンブルでも演奏・歌唱を楽しめる軽音楽である。
- Shingaku is the light music that can be enjoyed in the form of solo or ensemble playing, and in the form of playing with instruments or singing alone.
- 津軽三味線に関しては、ナイロン・テトロン製の糸を用いる事もある。
- For Tsugaru-jamisen, nylon or Tetoron (a registered trademark of Teijin for a kind of polyester fiber) strings are also used.
- 軽み(かるみ)は、松尾芭蕉の創始した蕉風俳諧の理念の一つである。
- Karumi is an ideal for the style of haikai poetry founded by Basho MATSUO.
- この平蔵は、後に信枚の後を次いで弘前藩第3代当主津軽信義となる。
- Heizo later succeeded Nobuhiro and became the third lord of the Hirosaki Domain Nobuyoshi TSUGARU.
- 酉の刻(午後7時頃)、足軽飛脚による第2の急使が赤穂に到着する。
- The second message was delivered to Ako by a foot soldier and a courier at around 7 p.m.
- 国語辞典の登場当初は節用集も日常的で手軽な存在として生き残った。
- Even after this advent of the Japanese-language dictionary, the setsuyoshu had survived for a while as convenient dictionaries for daily use.
- 徳川家創成期には弓・鉄砲足軽を編制した部隊として合戦に参加した。
- In the early Edo period, it participated in battles as a troop which organized yumi-ashigaru (foot soldiers fighting with bow) and teppo-ashigaru (foot soldiers fighting with firearms).
- 近江同様に軽薄な所があり、共に双六ではしゃいでいる姿が描かれる。
- Similar to Omi, there is something flippant about her, and the author describes them as being merry while playing backgammon.
- 島田は加賀藩の足軽として第一次長州征伐、戊辰戦争に参加している。
- Shimada was a ashigaru (common foot soldier) soldier of the Kaga Domain, fighting in the First conquest of Choshu and the Boshin Civil War.
- 足軽隊の指揮官は足軽が兵科ごとに分離するまでは足軽大将と呼ばれる。
- The commander of an ashigaru troop was called ashigaru daisho until ashigaru split into various military branches.
- 足軽、武家奉公人の他、江戸町奉行所の与力、同心、代官所の手代など。
- In addition to ashigaru or buke hokonin, there existed yoriki, doshin, tedai (clerk) in the magistrate's office and so on.
- 椿餅(つばいもち)は平安時代に、軽食代わりとして食べられた餅菓子。
- Tsubaki-mochi is a rice cake sweets eaten as a light meal in the Heian period.
- また、一部の喫茶店や茶店では軽食メニューとして雑煮がある店もある。
- Also, some coffee shops and tea parlors serve zoni as a light meal.
- 野袴、山袴などともいい、軽衫から発達して作業着として用いられた袴。
- Also called nobakama or yamabakama, this hakama evolved from karusan and was used as work clothes.
- 1921年(大正10年) 当初の北丹軽便鉄道から北丹鉄道に社名変更
- 1921 : Company name was changed from the original name Hokutan Keiben Railway to Hokutan Railway.
- ただし、城の建設はあまり進まず、次代の津軽信枚の代に引き継がれた。
- However, as the construction of the castle didn't proceed very quickly, it was passed down to the next generation, Nobuhira TSUGARU.
- 紀州側は、三浦は頬頤に傷を負い、三宅精一、関甚之助も軽傷を負った。
- From the Kishu clan, Miura got injured on his cheek and jaw, and Seiichi MIYAKE and Jinnosuke SEKI were lightly hurt.
- 2月12日の発見時には軽石二等卒は興津大尉を覆うように倒れていた。
- When they were found on February 12, Private Karuishi was lying as if to cover Captain Okitsu.
- 源平の時代には、彎刀一色となり、鋭利で強靭で軽量のものが作られた。
- During the Genpei period (the period of the Minamoto clan and the Taira clan; late 11th century to late 12th century CE), all available swords were wanto, and sharp, strong, and light swords were manufactured.
- しかしこれらの身分は足軽より下の中間(ちゅうげん)小者待遇とされた。
- However, these soldiers were treated as even lower as the chugen and komono which ranked below ashigaru.
- 梅干の風味がよく出るように軽くほぐし、半量になるまで弱火で煮詰める。
- Lightly break up umeboshi to cause the flavor come out, and reduce over a low heat until it halves in volume.
- 書風は六朝写経に似ていて、字体は扁平で波法が美しく軽妙で筆力がある。
- The calligraphic style is like that of sutras copied in the six-dynasty style, and the character style is flat, with a beautiful sweeping stroke to the right, and is light, easy, but powerful.
- 禅僧の修行の際の軽食を「懐石」と称していたのが後の懐石の語源である。
- The light meal that Zen priest ate during their religious training was called 'kaiseki' (懐石), being the origin of the term of kaiseki (懐石) to be used later.
- なお、軽食であるハンバーガーを指して西洋料理と言うことはあまりない。
- Hamburgers which are light foods are not included in the Western dishes.
- 津軽地方の豪族・安東氏(のち秋田氏)は貞任の子、高星の後裔を称した。
- The Ando clan (later, the Akita clan), the local ruling family of the Tsugaru region, designated themselves as descendants of ABE no Takaboshi, a son of Sadato.
- なお昭和6年(1931年)、三次は日本軽飛行機倶楽部会長に推される。
- He was recommended to be the chairman of the Japan lightplane club in 1931.
- 太田道灌や北条早雲の軍制に重用された足軽は急速に全国へ広まっていた。
- The system of 'Ashigaru', which was given an important role in the troops of Dokan OTA and Soun HOJO, spread quickly all over Japan
- 法を犯した場合、軽い者は妻子を没収し、重い者は一族を根絶やしにする。
- When a law was broken, a person whose crime was relatively minor would have his wife and children confiscated, while someone committed a serious crime would have his whole lineage eradicated.
- ただし、『古事記』には「軽之境岡宮(かるのさかいおかのみや)」とある。
- However, there is a description that 'the capital was established in Karunosakaiokanomiya' in Kojiki.
- - 伊予から帰り、厩坂宮(うまやさかのみや。橿原市大軽町)に滞在する。
- Returned from Iyo and stayed at Umayasaka no miya Palace (Ogaru-cho, Kashihara City).
- 岩木山の登拝行事(1984年1月21日 津軽地方各地 お山参詣保存会)
- Mountain pilgrimage festival at Mt. Iwaki (January 21, 1984; different parts of the Tsugaru region; Oyama Sankei Hozonkai [Association for the Preservation of Processions to the Mountain])
- 各種足軽(和弓・火縄銃・槍)隊、騎馬武者隊、小荷駄隊などで構成される。
- It consists of various foot soldier (Japanese bows, matchlock guns and spears) units, cavalrymen, provision transporters, and so on.
- 12月には八省卿が新たに任命され、家格の伝統を軽視した人事が行われる。
- In the twelfth month, new lords of the eight ministries were appointed in a reshuffle of the bureaucracy that paid no attention to conventions of family status.
- 軽く塩味をつけたものや、あられを配合したもの、玉露を加えたものもある。
- Kobucha with slight salty taste, Kobucha with small rice biscuits mixed in, and Kobucha with high-quality green tea added are also available.
- 設立:1920年(大正9年)2月1日 設立時は「北丹軽便鉄道株式会社」
- Establishment : February 1, 1920. At the time of establishment, the company name was 'Hokutan Keiben Railway Co., Ltd..'
- 弘前城東門近くの弘前文化センター正面入口前には、津軽為信の銅像がある。
- In front of the main entrance of the Hirosaki Culture Center, near the east gate of Hirosaki-jo Castle, there is a bronze statue of Tamenobu TSUGARU.
- これによる稲田側の被害は、自決2人、即死15人、重傷6人、軽傷14人。
- Inada's damage caused by this incident was 2 suicides, 15 instant deaths, 6 serious injuries and 14 minor injuries.
- 庇を疎垂木(まばらだるき)として身舎より軽く扱う庇本来のあり方を示す。
- Its eave was mabara-daruki (widely spaced roof rafters), and it was treated lighter than the moya, which played the original role as an eave.
- '足軽隊を出した後、武藤宗右衛門やその配下の者どもが敵陣に駆け入った。
- 'After sending out ashigarutai (foot soldier units), Soemon MUTO and his subordinates rushed into the enemy line.
- 昨晩の夕方から興津大尉は凍傷にかかっており軽石三蔵らが手当てしていた。
- Captain Okitsu had been frostbitten since the previous evening and was attended to by Karuishi SANZO.
- 怒った同志は斬ろうとするも、足軽でおかるの兄、寺坂平右衛門に止められる。
- Comrades get angry and tries to slash him, but they get blocked by Heiemon TERASAKA, an ashigaru (common foot soldier) and an older brother of Okaru.
- お軽「横雲に塒(ねぐら)を離れ鳴く烏、可愛い可愛いの夫婦(めおと)づれ、
- Okaru: There is a delightful pair of crows singing as they leave their nest, with a cloud drifting sideways.
- 江戸時代には一つの備に二組の鉄砲組が配される様になり、足軽の主力となる。
- During the Edo period, there were two teppo gumi placed within one sonae, and they became the principal force of the foot soldiers.
- 調理の際は軽く湯通しをし、色が褐色から緑色に変わったところで冷水に取る。
- Blanch mekabu seaweed in a pot of boiling water until the color turns from brown to green and transfer the seaweed into a bowl of cold water.
- 軽く飛距離があり、女性でも引く事が出来る丈の長い弓のことで長弓といった。
- The long bow was light, provided a long flying distance and was easy for women to pull, and was called Chokyu (long bow).
- その一方で、清楽は清朝時代の軽妙な通俗音楽で、曲目も楽器の編成も異なる。
- Shingaku, however, was the light and popular music, so the two forms are different in their compositions as well as their instrumental configurations.
- 高層建築を建てる上での瓦の重量を軽減させるために用いたと考えられている。
- It is believed that this type of tiles were used to reduce the tile weight for tall buildings.
- 症状としては、軽い頭痛から嘔吐など様々であり、症状は食後すぐから現れる。
- Symptoms appear immediately after ingesting which vary from a light headache to vomiting.
- 設立当時は、北丹軽便鉄道株式会社という名称だったが開業前に改称している。
- The company name was Hokutan Keiben Railway Co., Ltd. when it was established, but it was renamed when it started business.
- 赤穂四十七士のうち寺坂吉右衛門ただ一人は士分を有さない足軽身分であった。
- Among the 47 Akaho warriors, only Kichiemon TERASAKA was not Shibun but Ashigaru class.
- 当時の作法では切腹は士分の者にしか許されず、足軽は斬首と定められていた。
- The custom at that time was that only people of Shibun were allowed Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) and Zanshu (beheading) was for Ashigaru upon execution.
- 更に、654年(白雉4年)にはやはり姪孫にあたる軽大王(孝徳天皇)が崩御。
- In 654, Karu no miko (the Emperor Kotoku), who was also a grandnephew to her, met his demise.
- 弓削皇子も持統天皇の意向を結局は呑み、軽皇子を皇太子とすることが決定した。
- Yuge no miko eventually accepted the Emperor Jito's intention, and the decision was made to make the Prince Karu as the crown prince.
- 都は軽島豊明宮(かるしまのとよあきらのみや、現在の奈良県橿原市大軽町か)。
- The capital was Karushima no toyoakira no miya (probably, present-day Okaru Town, Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture).
- でき上がった寿司を朴葉に包んでいき、桶などに並べ、上から軽く重しをのせる。
- After mixing the rice (becomes 'sushi') equally, wrap the sushi with leaves of magnolia, set them in a wooden bowl or other container, and put a weight on it not to press it heavily.
- なお、軽い感謝・お願い・謝罪の意思を表す時も片手で手刀状にすることがある。
- A chopping motion using one hand can be seen when a person expresses slight gratitude, a request or an apology.
- 父の伝右衛門則等は徳川義直に仕え、馬廻・大道奉行・広敷足軽頭などを務めた。
- Shigenori's father, Denemon Norito, served under Yoshinao TOKUGAWA and held various posts including umamawari (horse guard), daidobugyo (magistrate), and hiroshiki ashigaru gashira (commander of foot soldiers).
- 庶民の間では軽くて便利な網代網の方扇(ほうせん:四角形の団扇)が使われた。
- Among ordinary people, a quadrilateral Uchiwa fan (called Hosen) with a wickerwork pattern was commonly used for its lightness and convenience.
- 結ぶ帯や、場を選ばず比較的手軽に結ぶことができる上、バリエーションも豊富。
- It can be tied easily regardless of the kind of obi and/or places, and it has a lot of variations.
- 秋山家は足軽よりも一階級上の位で家禄10石程の下級武士(徒士身分)だった。
- The AKIYAMA family belonged to a lower-ranking samurai (a social status of foot guards) one rank above the foot soldier and their hereditary stipend was about ten-goku.
- 弘前藩2代藩主津軽信枚の正室、のち満天姫(家康養女)降嫁により側室に降格。
- She became an official wife of Nobuhiro TSUGARU, the second lord of the Hirosaki domain, but she was demoted to the status of a concubine because Matehime (Ieyasu's adopted daughter) married Nobuhiro.
- 彼の強大に萎縮し、円滑を主として、曲げて彼の意に順従する時は、軽侮を招く。
- If we compromise the true intent of our nation for the sake of keeping peace as the main aim of diplomacy and acquiesce in everything that the foreign country dictates cowering by fear of their power and might, we shall be held in contempt and disrespect instead.
- この男児は、後に弘前藩の支藩・黒石藩の祖である津軽信英(のぶふさ)となる。
- This boy later became Nobufusa TSUGARU, who was the founder of the Kuroishi Domain, a branch of the Hirosaki Domain.
- ところが、中世・近世の日本では軽微な財産刑を指して「過料」と呼称している。
- However, during medieval and the early-modern times in Japan, a negligible punishment by seizing assets was called 'Karyo.'
- 先手とは先陣・先鋒という意味であり、戦闘時には徳川氏の先鋒足軽隊を勤めた。
- Sakite meant van or spearhead, and served as ashigaru-tai (foot soldier units) of the spearhead of TOKUGAWA clan in battles.
- 少し軽薄な性格であったようで、小式部内侍にやり込められた逸話が残っている。
- There is an anecdote about him in which he was ridiculed by KOSHIKIBU no Naishi for being a little frivolous.
- さらに忠左衛門らが用意しておいた川崎平間駅の軽部五兵衛宅の離れに滞在する。
- Chuzaemon let Oishi stay at an annex separate from Gihe KARUBE's residence located at Kawasaki Hirama station.
- この際に足軽の寺坂吉右衛門が立ち退いており、赤穂浪士は46人となっていた。
- At this point, foot soldier Kichiemon TERASAKA departed from the group and there were 46 Ako Roshi left.
- 罪自体の軽重とは別に一切の社会的特権を剥奪され、恩赦の対象からも外された。
- Apart from the gravity of a crime, all social privileges were deprived and also no amnesty was granted.
- それが原因となって允恭天皇が崩御した後に木梨軽皇子は失脚、伊予へ流刑となる。
- As a result, Kinashi no karu no miko was overthrown after the demise of Emperor Ingyo, and was deported to Iyo Province.
- 軽皇子は三度辞退して、古人大兄皇子を推薦したが、古人大兄は辞退して出家した。
- Prince Karu refused the throne three times and recommended Furuhito no Oe no Miko, but Furuhito no Oe no Miko refused it and became a priest.
- 飲む前に鍋で軽く炒って煮出すもので、ちょうど薬草と同じ方法で利用されている。
- It is lightly roasted and boiled in a pot before being drunk, and is used in the same way as herbs.
- ジャムなどの甘い味付けだけでなくハムやチーズといった塩味の軽食も扱っている。
- Street stalls sell not only sweet flavored crepes with jams, but also salty flavored crepes, like ham and cheese.
- 天保14年(1843年)、長州藩の足軽・品川弥市右衛門の長男として生まれた。
- In 1843, he was born first son to an ashigaru (common foot soldier) of Choshu clan, Yaichiuemon SHINAGAWA.
- 正当な表現に対するパロディや軽く茶化した表現のことを戯作と呼ぶようになった。
- The parody or expressions in a mocking tone of the original text came to be called Gesaku.
- 伏見稲荷に籠もって西軍を苦しめた足軽大将骨皮道賢を討ち取ったのも孝景である。
- It was also Takakage who defeated Doken HONEKAWA, a samurai in command of the foot troops, who was secluded in Fushimi Inari and had tormented the Western squad.
- 同コースでは、2月14日に、死者2人・重軽傷者8人を出す雪崩事故が発生した。
- A snowslide accident in which two people were killed and eight injured occurred on February 14 on this course.
- 北海道伊達市 (北海道)の北黄金貝塚からは、軽石製の磨製石斧が出土している。
- Ground stone ax made of pumice was unearthed from the Kitakogane-kaizuka Shell Mounds of Date City, Hokkaido Prefecture.
- ここ数年、秋の観光シーズンには、その渋滞軽減のための取り組みが行われている。
- For the past several years, measures have been taken to reduce congestion during the autumn tourist season.
- 軽大娘皇女(かるのおおいらつめ)は第19代天皇であった允恭天皇の皇女であった。
- Karu no oiratsume was a princess, who was a daughter of the 19th imperial ruler, Emperor Ingyo.
- 乙巳の変(645年6月)により皇極天皇が譲位し、軽皇子(孝徳天皇)が即位する。
- The Empress Kogyoku abdicated the throne in favor of the Prince Karu (the Emperor Kotoku) after the coup of the Murder in the Year of Ishhi (June 645).
- しかし軽皇子が即位して後重用したのは蘇我氏系豪族が多く、今後の議論が待たれる。
- However, Prince Karu gave important posts to many local ruling families of the Soga clan after he ascended the throne, which is sure to invite debate in future years.
- 江戸時代においては、「押足軽」と称する、中間・小者を指揮する役目の足軽もいた。
- During the Edo period there were also ashigaru who served to command chugen (a rank below common soldier) and komono (a lower servant).
- 屋台や軽トラックに専用の釜を積み売り歩く姿は、日本の冬の風物詩のひとつである。
- The image of a special kettle on a stall and a lightweight truck is one of the winter traditions in Japan.
- また、手裏剣は所持しているだけで銃刀法もしくは軽犯罪法に抵触する可能性がある。
- In addition, the possession of shuriken alone may be in breach of the Sword and Firearms Control Law or the Minor Offense Act.
- 火縄銃は、戦国時代中期以降、足軽の主要武器の一つとしてその比重を増していった。
- Hinawaju came to be increasingly used as one of the major firearms for ashigaru (common foot soldier) after the middle of the Sengoku period.
- これは日本の漢文学習で音読が軽視され、訓読が過度に重視された弊害とも言われる。
- This is said to be because of the adverse effect of Chinese literature learning in Japan, where an excessive importance was attached to 'kundoku' (reading Chinese texts as Japanese texts), rather than to 'ondoku' (the Chinese-style reading of a character).
- 殺陣の軽快さは若かりし日の姿には及ばないものの、重厚な演技で主役を張り続けた。
- Although he was no longer as nimble a sword fighter as he had once been, he continued to play the leading role with his dignified acting.
- 「よき理解力、明晰な判断力に優れ、神仏など偶像を軽視し、占いは一切信じない。」
- He has the ability to understand and judge clearly, disregarded idols such as Shinto and Buddhist deities and does not believe in fortune-telling.'
- 北海道地方 - 東部に遠軽町白滝黒曜石原産地、西部に赤石川黒曜石原産地がある。
- Hokkaido region: Obsidian is produced in Shirataki, Engaru-cho in the east of Hokkaido and in Akaishikawa in the west of Hokkaido.
- 更に、荘園領主の居住地から遠い地方では金銭や軽貨など運搬が簡易な物が望まれた。
- The owner of a shoen who lived far away from it wanted the shoen residents to bring money or other light freight that was easy to transport.
- 清盛は兼康に対して出来るだけ平和的な方法での解決を指示して軽武装で送り出した。
- Kiyomori sent lightly-armed Kaneyasu with direction to solve it peacefully as much as possible.
- また料理の材料とする他、香ばしくあぶった物をそのまま軽食として食べる事が多い。
- This can not only be used as a cooking ingredient but is also often served as-is, being a roasted snack with an aroma.
- 王は父の彦坐王と共に滋賀県愛知郡 (滋賀県)秦荘町・軽野神社の祭神となっている。
- Together with his father Hikoimasu no miko, Ozaho no okimi is enshrined as a deity at Karuno-jinja Shrine located in Hatasho-cho, Echi County, Shiga Prefecture.
- 都は軽境原宮(かるのさかいはらのみや。奈良県橿原市見瀬町の牟佐坐神社が伝承地)。
- His palace was Karu no sakaihara no miya (located at Musanimasu-jinja Shrine in Mise Town, Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture according to legend).
- 管理工学研究所が開発したMicrosoft Windows版軽量ワープロソフト。
- A word processing light-weight software for Microsoft Windows OS developed by Kanrikogaku Kenkysho Ltd..
- 鴨肉からは良質の出汁が出てコクがあるが、コンブなどで軽く出汁をとってもおいしい。
- Though a duck meat itself produces a good quality broth with a strong flavor, it is also very tasty if a stock made of kombu kelp is added.
- また、このような状況ながら前述の様に道楽ともいえる茶に傾倒したのも軽率であった。
- Under these circumstances, it was thoughtless that he would devote himself to tea ceremonies which could only have been for pleasure, as mentioned above.
- 東宮大傅は皇太子の教育職で、この場合、軽皇子(後の文武天皇)のための人事である。
- As Togu no daifu was in charge of education for the Crown Prince, Kunimi served Karu no Miko (Prince Karu, later Emperor Monmu).
- 命婦として宮中に仕え、軽皇子(後の文武天皇)の乳母を務めて後宮で勢力を振るった。
- She served as a court lady in the Imperial court and wielded influence in kokyu (empress's residence) as a menoto (a wet nurse for a highborn baby) for Prince Karu (later the Emperor Monmu).
- これに対して、師輔は「罪の疑わしきは軽きに従い、賞の疑わしさは重きをみるべきだ。
- Morosuke, on the other hand, stated: 'When in doubt about the offense, consider giving the lighter sentence; and when in doubt about the merit, consider giving the higher award.
- 拡散の最遠は、9世紀末から10世紀にかけて操業した五所川原窯で、津軽平野にある。
- The farthest place of the expansion of Sueki production can be seen at Goshogawara kiln in Tsugaru Plain which was in operation from the end of the ninth century to the tenth century.
- また注釈などの内容を簡略化した軽装版や文庫版が同じ出版社から出ているものもある。
- Also, soft-cover editions that simplified content such as notes, as well as paperback editions, were published by the same publishers.
- 縄文時代にはシカやイノシシを獲るには軽く、速く、遠くへ飛ぶ鏃で充分有効であった。
- Arrowheads of the early Jomon period were made light, so they were able to fly fast and far to hunt deer and wild boar effectively.
- 日本では、これらの諸国に比べて被害は軽く、環境問題として取り上げられることが多い。
- In Japan, the damage is not so serious compared with these nations, and kosa is usually taken up as an environmental problem.
- 武士化した荘官は、次第に領家を軽視するようになり、領家の支配権は蚕食されていった。
- Gradually, these armed shokan had come to disregard ryoke, encroaching their dominion.
- 室町時代の頃から軽工業の発達により、都市部を中心に、消費社会の傾向が出始めていた。
- Around the Muromachi period, with development of light manufacturing, consumer society started to become a trend in and around major cities.
- なお、足軽以下の身分(足軽は「士」では無いとされた)や庶民は切腹を許されなかった。
- Foot soldiers (who were not considered to be warriors) and commoners were not permitted to commit seppuku.
- 表面が狐色になったら引き上げ、軽く油を切った後、熱いうちにタレ(甘酢)に漬け込む。
- Cook until golden brown and then remove fried chicken from the oil, lightly draining the oil and dipping them in sweet vinegar.
- だがあくまで伊賀同心は配下の一部門であり、自身は甲冑を着て足軽を率いた武士である。
- However, in reality, the Iga-doshin was no more than one section of vassals and Masashige was also merely an armored samurai who led ashigaru (common foot soldiers).
- 市田氏は薩摩藩大坂蔵屋敷の足軽という下級武士階級の出身であるとされるが異説もある。
- It is said that Ichida family was from lower-ranking samurai ashigaru (common foot soldier) of Osaka kurayashiki (warehouse-residence) of Satsuma domain while other theories exist.
- つまり、秦漢以前の文を模範とし、唐宋以下の文を骨力がなく軟弱であるとして軽んじた。
- That is to say, he modeled the writings after those of the periods of Qin-Han or before, and he did not appreciated the styles of Tang-Sung or later periods, saying that they were weak.
- 作業軽減のための統一的な土地表記法が必要となり、条里呼称法が導入されたと見られる。
- It is thought that a unified methodology to specify land was required to ease the work, so jori naming system was introduced.
- また朝鮮では両班を中心に漢字が重視されており、ハングル(朝鮮語)は軽視されていた。
- And in Korea, kanji (Chinese characters) was valued mainly among yahgban, and Hangeul (Korean letters) was unvalued.
- また、諸藩においても藩直属の足軽階級の正式名称を同心としているところも少なくない。
- Also, a lot of domains officially named ashigaru-level soldier (common foot soldier) under the direct control of the domain as doshin.
- 津軽尾太銀(つがるおっぷぎん):灰吹銀に「寳」の極印が打たれたもので銀品位98%。
- Tsugaru Obbu Gin: cupelled silver coins hallmarked with '寳' (takara, treasure) and of 98 percent purity.
- いっぽう、うち続く飢饉から農民の負担の軽減を図るべく、税制や貧窮対策を施している。
- On the other hand, the tax system and the rescue plan were implemented in order to lessen the burden of peasants in the time of the continuing famine.
- 降伏した蝦夷の恩荷を山本郡・津軽郡二郡の郡領に定め、有馬浜で渡島国の蝦夷を饗応する。
- Appointed OGA of Ezo, who had surrendered, to the position of Gunryo (district magistrate) of two counties – Yamamoto and Tsugaru – and entertained the Ezo people of Oshima Province at Arima beach.
- 24年6月(435年7月)、皇太子の木梨軽皇子と同母妹の軽大娘皇女の近親相姦が発覚。
- In July, 435, an incest between the Crown Prince Kinashi no karu no miko and his younger sister, Karu no oiratsume, was brought to light.
- 乙巳の変は軽皇子(孝徳天皇)のクーデターであり、中大兄皇子は地位を追われたという説。
- There is a theory that the Isshi no Hen was a coup caused by Karu no Miko (Emperor Kotoku), in which Naka no Oe no Oji (Naka no Oe no Miko) lost his position.
- 騎馬隊の任務は足軽隊の戦闘で手薄になった箇所への突撃・突破とそれに対する逆襲である。
- The task of the cavalry was to attack and penetrate through the areas where fighting by the foot soldiers became sparse, and also to counterattack in such cases.
- 同社は海軍向けの火薬の製造会社だったが、さらに軽合金や特殊鋼の国産化をめざしていた。
- The company was a gunpowder manufacturer for the navy and aiming to domestically produce light alloy metal, special steel, and so on.
- 意の向うところ、筆のゆくまま一気に書き流してはあるが、少しも軽躁の幣に陥っていない。
- It is dashed off at will and goes where the brush goes, but without becoming manic.
- 勘平はしばしここで旅の疲れを休めようとお軽に言い、やがて二人は将来のことを語りあう。
- Kanpei suggests that they rest for a while, and they begin to talk about their future.
- 五枚におろした節を、皮目を中心に表面だけ軽く火が通るように炎で手早くあぶり、冷やす。
- Katsuo is cut into five fillets, their skins are seared so that only the surface is slightly cooked, and they are then left to cool.
- ただし軽食とおやつといった場合には、おやつの方はデザートなど風味を楽しむ傾向が強い。
- If the terms 'a light meal' and 'oyatsu' are compared, oyatsu tends to be used for sweets, the flavor of which people enjoy.
- 子に近衛篤麿(長男)、津軽英麿(次男、津軽氏養子)、徳川泰子(長女、徳川家達夫人)。
- His children were Atsumaro KONOE (the eldest son), Fusamaro TSUGARU (the second son, an adopted son of the Tsugaru clan) and Hiroko TOKUGAWA (the eldest daughter, a wife of Iesato TOKUGAWA).
- この結果、近年の車両は国鉄時代に開発された初期新幹線車両より著しく軽量化されている。
- Resultantly, recently developed train-cars are considerably lighter than those developed in the era of JNR.
- 惟栄が宇佐神宮を焼き討ちした罪を軽減されたのも、彼や義経の工作によるものと言われる。
- It is said that Koreyoshi's punishment for attacking and burning down Usa-jingu Shrine was lightened due to Yoshitsune and Yoritsune's doing.
- 軽井沢までドライブした際には護衛としてパトロールカーに乗車した日本の警察官が随伴した。
- When he went for a drive to Karuizawa, he was attended by Japanese police officers getting on patrol cars.
- 立回りよろしくあって伴内は散々にやっつけられ、勘平はお軽を連れて意気揚々と去ってゆく。
- Bannai is beaten decisively in the ensuing fight and Kanpei leaves triumphantly with Okaru.
- これに対し、対馬藩主・宗義成は忠告のみでお咎めなし、密告した柳川は津軽へ流罪とされた。
- For this, the bakufu only admonished Yoshinari SO, the lord of the Tsushima Domain without any penalty, but Yanagawa who blew the whistle was exiled to Tsugaru.
- 室町時代末、軽くて扇部がへたらない構造として、竹骨と紙を素材とする現在のかたちとなる。
- Current type of Uchiwa fan, which is made of bamboo-made frame and paper, was established in the end of the Muromachi period, aimed at lightening the structure with a strong fan part.
- これらの諸条件の前提として、軽く持ち運びしやすいことが狩りや戦いにおいても重要である。
- It is an important assumption for Yumiya to be light and easy to carry both when hunting and when on the battle field.
- - 奇術・手品・曲芸・軽業・祈祷・占いなどを大道芸として行いながら,旅回りをしていた。
- Street performers who traveled around performing juggleries, magic shows, acrobatics, prayers, and fortune telling.
- 焼いて半分に切った海苔を巻き簾に手前を揃えて置き、すし飯を適量とって一旦軽くまとめる。
- Place a half sheet of roasted laver on a makisu (sushi mat) so that the near side of the laver is aligned and put an appropriate amount of sushi rice on it properly.
- 専門店では、なまぐささを除去するために軽く白濁しない程度に湯がいて供される場合が多い。
- In some specialty shops, salmon roe is often boiled, lightly before it turns cloudy, in order to remove the fishy smell.
- 乾燥状態では軽く締まったスポンジ状で、これを水で戻し、出汁で煮込むなどして味を付ける。
- In its dry form, it's light and shrunken to a sponge-like state, so it's reconstituted and seasoned by simmering in broth.
- 父・意行は紀州藩の足軽だったが、第8代征夷大将軍の徳川吉宗に登用され小身旗本となった。
- His father Okiyuki was an ashigaru (common foot soldier) of the Kishu domain, but Okitsugu was appointed as a humble direct retainer to the shogun by the eighth Seii Taishogun (Barbarian-Subduing Generalissimo), Yoshimune TOKUGAWA.
- 国家の分裂や慢性的な銅銭不足によって金銀や絹などの軽貨が代用貨幣として用いられていた。
- However, the partition of the nation and the chronic shortage of copper led to the usage of light coins including gold, silver or silk as substitutes.
- 後代まで服属しない蝦夷がいたため、陸奥国の領域は下北半島または津軽地方に及ばなかった。
- Because of some tribes of Ezo who did not submit down to posterity, the territory of Mutsu Province did not expand to the Shimokita Peninsula or Tsugaru region.
- 茅渟王(押坂彦人大兄皇子の子)の妃となり、宝女王(皇極天皇)・軽王(孝徳天皇)を儲けた。
- She married Chinu no okimi (son of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko) and had Takara no himemiko (Empress Kogyoku) and Prince Karu (Emperor Kotoku).
- また石そのものは1トン前後と軽量なため略奪されたこともあり、保存と破壊を繰り返してきた。
- Each stone itself was about one ton and was light and, therefore, sekkobun was sometimes stolen and has repeated to be preserved and damaged.
- 砂漠化や乾燥化の多くは、旱魃などによる軽度の水不足によって植物が枯死することから始まる。
- Desertification and advancing the dry state of land mostly starts when plants are blighted due to a slight shortage of water, for example, caused by dry weather.
- その後、旧武士は士分であったものは「士族」足軽身分であったのものは「卒族」に分類された。
- Members of the former samurai class were later classified as 'shizoku' (samurai class) and former ashigaru as 'sotsuzoku' (low-ranking samurai).
- 当時はまだスチール缶であったが手軽さが受け、ビールは瓶から缶で流通する時代に入っていく。
- Convenience of canned beer, for which steel can was used then, was received well and it entered a period of the distribution of canned beer not bottled one.
- 落語は、江戸時代、軽めの講談、辻咄(辻芸)として京都の露の五郎兵衛らによって創作された。
- Rakugo was created by TSUYU no Gorobe of Kyoto in the Edo era as a light kodan storytelling and tsuji-banashi (also called tsuji-gei, storytelling at crossroads).
- 竹製なので軽く、通気性が良く、柿渋と漆の効果で湿度を適宜に保ち、防虫と抗菌の効果がある。
- The bamboo made tsuzuras are light and have a high level of permeability to maintain moderate humidity with the effects of astringent persimmon juice and lacquer and they also have moth-proofing and antibacterial effects.
- 軽く洗ってから水に漬けて戻し、醤油や酢をかけてそのまま食べる他、煮物などの料理に用いる。
- After being rinsed lightly and reconstituted, kiriboshi daikon is eaten as it is with soy sauce and vinegar, or it is used for cooking.
- 戦場において弓騎兵の主な役割は軽騎兵と同じく、前哨・斥候兵として敵を攪乱することにある。
- On the battlefield, the main role of the archery cavalry soldier is to disturb enemies at an outpost or as a scouting party, basically the same role as light cavalry.
- タバコが燃え尽きて煙が出なくなったら、煙草盆の灰吹きのふちを軽く叩くなどして灰を落とす。
- Remove ashes by tapping the kiseru lightly on the edge of haifuki (tobacco ash receptacle) when the tobacco burns out and smoking is stopped.
- 中国においては、現在も山東煎餅、天津煎餅など、一銭洋食に似た作り方の軽食が作られている。
- These days snacks such as Shandong jianbing and Tianjin jianbing which are prepared in a method similar to that of issen-yoshoku, are still made in China.
- もち米を蒸してから乾燥し、軽く砕いた道明寺粉で作る餡入りの餅で、塩漬けした桜の葉で包む。
- Mochi that includes sweet bean paste and is made from domyoji powder which produced by steaming glutinous rice, drying it, and crushing it to some extent, and this mochi is wrapped in a salted cherry tree leaf.
- 原木は、比重が0.4と非常に軽いが、樹脂が沈着することで比重が増し、水に沈むようになる。
- Prior to the damage, the heartwood is very light with a density of 0.4, which becomes higher as the resin is accumulated to make the heartwood sink in water.
- まず、町内の人間が湯の帰りなどに気軽に立ち寄り、蕎麦を手繰ってゆくざっかけない店である。
- First of all, a soba restaurant was a simple and casual place for people in the neighborhood to stop in for a quick bowl of noodles on the way home from a visit to a public bath house.
- なお「長矩危篤」の報は原元辰(足軽頭)を急使として大石内蔵助ら国許の重臣にも伝えられた。
- The information of ' Naganori is in critical condition' was delivered to senior vassals hometown such as Kuranosuke OISHI, by a courier Mototoki HARA (a head of ashigaru [common foot soldier]).
- 綱吉は「側近の寵臣以外の意見を軽視し、悪法で民衆を苦しめた」という否定的評価がなされる。
- On one hand, there is the negative assessment that Tsunayoshi 'ignored the opinions of anyone except his close advisors and favorite retainers and burdened the people with evil laws.'
- 長髄彦の兄とされ、彼と共に青森県の弘前に逃れたとも、単独で津軽地方に流されたとも伝わる。
- Abihiko is supposed to be the older brother of Nagasunehiko, and some say that Abihiko and Nagasunehiko made an escape to Hirosaki in Aomori Prefecture, and others say that Abihiko was singly exiled to the Tsugaru region.
- 動員された駄馬と人夫(陣夫・夫丸ともいう)を荷宰料(足軽)、小荷駄奉行(侍)が管理する。
- Mobilized horses and laborers (also called jinpu or 夫丸) were managed by 荷宰料 (person in charge of provision delivery) (ashigaru) and konida bugyo (samurai).
- また足軽の下位には士分の者に私的に雇用された中間、小者等と呼称された武家奉公人があった。
- Below the Ashigaru class were servants of a bushi family called Chugen (rank below common soldier), Komono (a lower servant) who were privately hired by Shibun.
- 7世紀半ばに阿倍比羅夫らが遠征し、現在の秋田や津軽地方、さらにその北方に至ったとされる。
- In the middle of the seventh century, ABE no Hirafu and others made expeditions and it is believed that they reached as far as present-day Akita and Tsugaru regions or even further North.
- それを、徳山藩の山回り足軽である伊沢里右衛門と久助が見つけて咎めたのが事件の発端である。
- Spotting the scene, Riuemon IZAWA and Kyusuke, both ashigaru (a common foot soldier) of the Tokuyama clan who were patrolling the mountain area, blamed the conduct, which led to the incident.
- ただし、他の課役・重職を担っている藩には、手伝普請を軽減あるいは免除する処置がとられた。
- However, Tetsudai Fushinthe was reduced or exempted from the domains which were assigned other tasks.
- 槍全体を軽量化することによって投げ槍としての命中率を高める効果も期待されたと推測される。
- It is presumed that reducing the weight of the whole spear was also expected to produce improvement in the accuracy rate of javelins.
- 彼らは小荷駄奉行の宮崎内蔵助や足軽・人足等多数を討取り、兵糧を奪って梁川城へ引き上げた。
- They returned to the Yanagawa-jo Castle after they killed many soldiers including Kuranosuke MIYAZAKI (宮崎内蔵助), konida bugyo (the magistrate of transporting army provisions), foot soldiers and ninsoku (coolies) to rob them of foods.
- 日本書紀においては二人の仲が発覚した直後の允恭24年に軽大娘皇女本人が伊予へ流されている。
- According to the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), Karu no oiratsume herself was deported to Iyo Province in A.D. 435 immediately after their relationship was brought to light.
- 走水(はしりみず)の海(現在の浦賀水道)に至った時、尊の軽はずみな言動が海神の怒りを招く。
- When they arrived at Hashirimizu no umi (present day the Uraga Channel), Yamatotakeru's thoughtless words and deeds aroused the anger of Watatsumi (a tutelary of the sea).
- 木梨軽皇子(きなしのかるのみこ)は第19代天皇であった允恭天皇の第一皇子、皇太子であった。
- Born as the first prince of the 19th imperial ruler, Emperor Ingyo, Kinashi no karu no miko was the Crown Prince.
- なお、海保嶺夫(1943年 -)は中世津軽地方の豪族安東氏を俘囚長と同様の存在としている。
- Incidentally, Mineo KAIHO (1943 -) insists that the Ando clan, the Gozoku (local ruling family) in the Tsugaru region in the Medieval period, were ranked at a position equal to a chief of the Fushu.
- 文化面では、ばさらに代表されるように、身分秩序を軽視し華美な振る舞いに走る傾向が見られた。
- In culture, there was the tendency to behave extravagantly, thinking little of social classes or social order, as typically seen in 'Basara.'
- 中欧や北欧では、最も量の多い食事を昼に食べる習慣があると夕食は粥で軽く済ませることも多い。
- In the central and northern Europe, where there is a custom of eating the largest meal of the day at lunchtime, congee is often served as a light supper.
- 軽く水分を抜くだけにとどめたもので、保存が効かないため、冷蔵庫での貯蔵が必要となっている。
- Since a very small amount of water has been removed, this type of dried fish has a poor shelf-life and requires refrigeration.
- この「辻咄」(つじばなし)や「軽口」(かるくち)とよばれるものが落語の起源といわれている。
- Called 'Tsuji-banashi' (storytelling at crossroads) or 'Karukuchi' (humorous stories), this is believed to have been the origin of rakugo.
- 越中褌の愛好家は他の下着には無い、独特の軽い着装感から愛好している例が多いと言われている。
- It is said that there are many instances in which the fanciers of Ecchu fundoshi love Ecchu fundoshi because of the unique light feeling of wearing that no other undergarments have.
- 津軽味噌はコクがあり、信州味噌はあっさりとした口当たりを特徴とするなど様々なタイプがある。
- Tsugaru miso has good body, and Shinshu miso has a light taste; there are various kinds of rice miso.
- また、義家にくらべ武威に劣る義忠を軽んじ、自らが義忠に取って代わろうとする勢力も存在した。
- Some also lacked respect for Yoshitada as he was not as influential a warrior as his father had been and so they devised a scheme to replace him.
- 右側上下肢に軽度の骨萎縮が見られ、右半身不随あり、脳溢血、脳栓塞などで急死したとみられる。
- He had slight bone atrophy on his right upper and lower limbs and paralysis on his right side, which may indicates that he suddenly died of celebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction.
- 大石は10月26日には川崎平間村軽部五兵衛宅に滞在して、ここから同志達に第一訓令を発した。
- OISHI stopped at the house of Gohe KARUBE in Hirama village, Kawasaki, on October 26, and from there issued his first directive to his comrades.
- 大ネタよりも、軽い小噺や、座敷芸などで本領を発揮した、どちらかというと才人肌の人であった。
- He was sort of a man of talent who showed himself at his best in a funny short story or a party trick and so on rather than a big story.
- 頼朝以前から源氏に仕えていた大豪族の三浦氏などから見れば格下として軽んじられていたという。
- When compared with the Miura clan which was Daigozoku (big local ruling family) serving the Minamoto clan long before the time of Yoritomo, the Adachi clan seemed to be treated lightly as low status.
- 東北新幹線盛岡以北、及び長野新幹線の軽井沢以西はミニ新幹線として建設することも検討された。
- For the section to the north of Morioka on the Tohoku Shinkansen line and for that to the west of Karuizawa on the Nagano Shinkansen line, the introduction of mini-Shinkansen lines were investigated.
- 諸国から有能な浪人衆を招き足軽大将とした(小幡、多田、原美濃等の俗に言う武田の五名臣他)。
- Nobutora invited capable ronin shu (masterless samurais) from various districts and they became samurai in command of a troop of foot soldiers (so called five wise retainers of Takeda, including Obata, Tada and Haramino).
- 徒士(下士)は公的に騎乗を認められない下層武士であり、卒は歩卒を原義としており足軽を指す。
- Kachi (Kashi) were lower class bushi who were not officially allowed to ride horses, and Sotsu were in principle foot soldiers, and this was the term for Ashigaru (common foot soldier).
- 百姓・町人の間での身分移動は比較的容易であり、武士の下層(足軽)との身分移動も多くあった。
- Status was relatively flexible between peasants and townsmen, with status mobility also existing between those classes and low-ranking samurai (ashigaru (foot soldier)).
- 逆に政府側は地主・農民の税負担が軽くなっていることを理由に地租の増徴を計画するようになる。
- Contrarily, the government planned to raise the land tax on the grounds that the taxation on landowners and peasants had been reduced.
- 豊雄の罪は軽くなったけれども許されず、大宅の家が積んだ金品により、百日後やっと釈放された。
- Toyoo's punishment is reduced but not pardoned, and the OYA family pays money; after a hundred days, he is released.
- ここで煎餅を束ねている紙をはがすのに手惑うと、軽く頭突きなどをしてくるので注意が必要である。
- If you are slow unwrapping the senbei, an impatient deer will give you a light head-butt.
- このような背景から昭和30年代前半は洋酒、とりわけ気軽に飲めるビールの伸長がめざましかった。
- On these backgrounds a consumption of foreign liquors, especially beer which was drunk easily, rapidly increased from 1955 to 1960.
- 焼き豆腐(やきどうふ)とは、水切りした豆腐の両面を直火で軽く焼いて炙り、焼き目をつけたもの。
- A yaki-dofu is a tofu where both sides are singed after being drained.
- 江戸時代前後には屋根の軽量化を図るために銅や鉛の金属で作られた瓦(金属瓦)も用いられ始めた。
- Around the Edo period, metal tiles made of such as copper and lead have started to be used to reduce the roof weight.
- 銃口へ発射薬である胴薬と弾丸を装填する(後に早合が発明されると装填の手間は大幅に軽減した)。
- Load dogusuri (gunpowder) then a lead ball in gun muzzle (the cartridge was invented later and then the time and effort of loading largely decreased).
- しかし、江戸時代中期以降、江戸での蕎麦切り流行に伴って、うどんを軽んずる傾向が生じたという。
- It is said, however, that, as sobakiri gained popularity, udon began to fall out of favor subsequent to the mid Edo period.
- 抱一も若い頃から俳諧や狂歌、浮世絵等に才能を発揮し、30歳の時句集「軽挙館句藻」を刊行する。
- Hoichi also showed his talent since he was young, for haikai (seventeen-syllable verse), kyoka, ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints) and so on, and at the age of 30 published his verse collection 'Keikyokankuso.'
- 足軽以下は「軽輩」などと呼ばれ、士分とは見なされないため、両者の間には大きな境界線があった。
- Ashigaru and below were called 'Keihai' (a person of low rank) and were not considered Shibun, so there was a large difference between the two.
- しかし、実際に合戦が行われた戦国時代から江戸時代初期には足軽の過半が動員兵で占められていた。
- However, during the Sengoku Period and the beginning of Edo period where the actual wars took place, the majority of the foot soldiers were soldiers to be mobilized.
- 8月、堺奉行の松井友閑配下の足軽32人が山内に入り、荒木残党の捜索と称して乱暴狼藉を働いた。
- In September, the 32 foot soldiers of Yukan MATSUI, who was Sakai bugyo (magistrate of around Sakai), entered Sannai and started acts of violence and assault in the name of a search for the remnants of the Araki clan.
- ふつうの物見(のちの将校斥候くらいに相当する)よりは地位は低く、徒卒、足軽などがあてられた。
- Shinobi-monomi was classified lower than the usual monomi (which is equal to the later shoko-sekko (officer patrol)) and tosotsu (foot soldier) and ashigaru (common foot soldier) were assigned to perform this task.
- 645年即位とされる孝徳天皇も696年即位とされる文武天皇も、即位前は軽皇子と名乗っている。
- Emperor Kotoku, who is said to have ascended to the throne in 645, and Emperor Monmu, who is said to have ascended to the throne in 696, referred to themselves as Prince Karu before their enthronement.
- 戦国期には歩兵の大集団による集団戦が確立されており、足軽の兵装もそれに沿ったものになっていた。
- Group battles fought by large groups of infantry emerged during the Sengoku period and the equipment used by ashigaru followed this trend.
- 例外は若狭武田氏末裔を名乗る(実際は商人出身か?)蠣崎氏で、津軽海峡沿いの中小豪族を統一した。
- An exception was the Kakizaki clan, which announced themselves as the descendants of the Wakasa Takeda clan (in reality, from a merchant?), and it unified small and middle-sized gozoku in the area along the Tsugaru Straits.
- 発生は平安時代とされ、検非違使の雑用役・戦闘予備員として従軍した「下部」が足軽の原型とされる。
- The status of ashigaru is thought to have originated during the Heian period from the shimobe (miscellaneous servants and attendants) who served kebiishi (police and judicial chiefs) in the capacity of performing miscellaneous duties and acting as reserve soldiers.
- すると、餅の澱粉が膨らんで焼き型からはみ出る程まで広がり、軽くて歯触りの良い皮種ができあがる。
- The rice starch then swells out of the baking pan, and light crisp tane is now completed.
- 茶筅を茶碗の縁において持ち替えながら上下を繰り返すが、このとき軽く音を立てる習いになっている。
- It is a tradition to make small sounds when shifting the chasen from one hand to the other, putting it on the rim of the tea bowl, while moving it upward and downward repeatedly.
- 小品ながら、文人の理想とする俗塵を離れた生活を軽妙な筆遣いと上品で控えめな色彩で活写している。
- They are small scale pieces that depict secluded life, a lifestyle considered to be ideal for artists, in light brushwork and a refined use of discreet colors.
- 幼少の頃に軽業(かるわざ、曲芸のこと)師の真似をしようとして綱渡りをし、この際誤って転落した。
- In his childhood, pretending to be an acrobat, Bisei tried to walk a tightrope but fell from the tightrope.
- 津軽為信の軍師として活躍したと言われているが、明確な功績についての詳細はあまりわかっていない。
- He is said to have been flourished as the strategist for Tamenobu TSUGARU, but details of his achievements are not so certain.
- 足軽隊将…検使として侍隊将の補佐を勤める旗本隊将と、領地境界の番手警備を行う加勢隊将に別れる。
- Ashigaru tai sho (in charge of assisting Samurai-tai-sho and guarding the boundaries of territories)… further divided into Hatamoto tai sho (assistants to Samurai-tai-sho) that served and assisted Samurai tai sho (in charge of guard and departure for the front in a war) as Kenshi (inspector), and into Kasei tai sho (in charge of guarding on the boundaries of territories) who guarded the territorial boundaries.
- そのため、1910年(明治43年)に鉄道開業に関する条文を相当簡略化した軽便鉄道法を制定した。
- In order to solve this problem, the provisions concerning railway establishment were simplified, and Light Railway Law was issued in 1910.
- 斬と絞の区別は無視され、主犯だけが死刑になり、縁座者への刑は律の規定より軽くなる傾向があった。
- There was a tendency that differentiation between decapitation and hanging were disregarded, and only the principal offenders were killed, while enza convicts had lighter punishment than specified in the ritsu provisions.
- しかしこの事件で皇女らしからぬ軽率な行動をとった娟子内親王は、その後狂斎院と呼ばれるようになる。
- However Imperial Princess Kenshi, who acted without much consideration of her position as Princess, was called Kyosaiin (mad Saiin).
- 昭和32年(1957年)8月19日、避暑で訪れた軽井沢のテニストーナメントで皇后美智子と出会う。
- He became acquainted with Ms. Michiko SHODA (the present Empress Michiko) on August 19, 1957 in a tennis tournament held at Karuizawa, where he had been visiting to escape the heat.
- 正重は親しみやすい狂言を目指し、どのような小さな集会にでも気軽に馳せ参じて低料金で狂言を演じた。
- Masashige tried to perform spectator-friendly and easy to understand Kyogen and readily joined shows even if they were small and willingly performed Kyogen for a low performance fee.
- また、足軽を帰農させ軽格の「郷士」として苗字帯刀を許し、国境・辺境警備に当たらせることもあった。
- Ashigaru were also allowed to return to farming and granted the right to bear a surname and to wear a sword as goshi (country samurai) of keikaku (noncommissioned officers) who served as provincial border and frontier guardsmen.
- 足軽は中間と区別されないで、苗字を名乗ることも許されず、百姓や町人と同じ扱いをされた藩もあった。
- There were also domains in which ashigaru were not differentiated from chugen, were not permitted to bear a surname and were treated as equal to peasants and townspeople.
- 諸藩の分限帳には、足軽や中間の人名や禄高の記入はなくて、ただ人数だけが記入されているものが多い。
- Many of the bugencho (registers of vassals) of the domains of Japan do not record the names and stipends of ashigaru and chugen but simply record the number.
- 一方、津軽を領した下国家は15世紀半ば頃、東の八戸市方面から勢力を伸ばしてきた南部氏に追われた。
- On the other hand, the Shimonokuni family, which ruled Tsugaru Province, was forced out by the Nanbu clan, which was proceeding from the eastern area, to expand its influence.
- 裁判所の管轄は刑の軽重によって区別され、笞罪・杖罪・徒罪・流罪・死罪_(律令法)の5種があった。
- Jurisdiction of the courts was distinguished based upon the gravity of the sentences (five types), namely whipping, flogging, imprisonment, banishment, and capital crime (ritsuryo law).
- また、上海市から北アメリカへの航路は日本海から津軽海峡を経て太平洋に抜けるのが夏場は普通である。
- Additionally, during the summer, the sea routes between Shanghai City and North America usually start in the Sea of Japan proceeding to the Pacific Ocean via the Tsugaru Strait.
- 米の白味噌では信州味噌・西京味噌が代表的で、米の赤味噌では津軽味噌、仙台味噌などが代表的である。
- Representative white miso made from rice are Shinshu miso (made in Nagano Prefecture) and Saikyo miso (made in Kyoto), and the representative red miso made from rice are Tsugaru miso (made in Aomori Prefecture) and Sendai miso (made in Miyagi Prefecture).
- 源競は、既に自分の名馬を持っているのにまた他人の名馬(仲綱の「木下」)を欲しがる宗盛を軽蔑した。
- MINAMOTO no Kiso looked down on Munemori because he desired another's Meiba (Nakatsuna's 'Kinoshita') in addition to the Meiba he already had in his possession.
- - ごく一般的な鉄道(2本の鉄の線路 (鉄道)の上を走るもの。新幹線から軽便鉄道・人車軌道まで)
- A type of railway which is extremely-common (railways that have two steel rail lines (railway) on which trains run, including from Shinkansen to light railway and Jinsha-kido - a railway system in which men push a passage car or a freight car)
- ただし、大宮駅 (埼玉県)や軽井沢駅など通過列車の通過速度が低い駅には安全柵のみ設けられている。
- However, in the stations where the speeds of passing trains are not high, for example, Omiya Station (located in Saitama Prefecture) and Karuizawa Station, only safety fences are provided.
- この時代は典礼儀式が最も重んじられ、それをこなせない顕光は無能者とされ公家社会から軽んじられた。
- During this period, ceremonies and rituals were considered very important, and Akimitsu's inability to perform them correctly was mocked as incompetent in noble society.
- だが、織田・徳川軍の戦死者が名も無き足軽雑兵(特に織田軍はほとんどが領民ではなく傭兵)であった。
- The war victims of the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces comprised nameless foot soldiers (especially those of the Oda force who were not territorial people but mercenaries).
- 軽傷者は全員切腹が命じられ、無疵の者は士分から駕篭かきにいたるまで全員が斬首、家名断絶となった。
- Those who had minor injuries were ordered to commit seppuku, while those who had no injuries, whether they were samurai or palanquin bearers, were decapitated after being forced to forfeit the family name.
- 職務は、戦時においては旗本部隊の一番先手として各種足軽組等を付属した上で備の騎馬隊として働いた。
- In wartime, as the vanguard of a hatamoto troop, oban with various ashigaru-gumi (the teams of the lowest-rank samurai) served as cavalry for defense against an attack by the enemy.
- 内訳…侍1人、奉公人2人、足軽4人、人夫2人、口取8人(計17人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬8頭(計9頭)
- Breakdown - 1 samurai, 2 servants, 4 foot soldiers, 2 laborers, 8 kuchitori (total of 17), 1 cavalry horse and 8 packhorses (total of 9 horses).
- 物語は「咨軽薄の人と交はりは結ぶべからずとなん」と、冒頭の一節と同意の文を繰り返して終っている。
- The story ends repeating a similar line to an opening, 'Truly, one must not form bonds of friendship with a shallow man.'
- (旧法よりも、新法である治安警察法のほうが最高刑が軽いため、新法での起訴となったという説もある。
- (Some researchers say the new law was adopted because the maximum sentence is lighter in a new law than an older law.
- 江戸幕府は、直属の足軽を幕府の末端行政・警備警察要員等として「徒士(かち)」や「同心」に採用した。
- The Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) employed the ashigaru under its direct control in administrative and policing roles as kachi (foot guards) and doshin (police constables).
- 足軽部隊は、槍組足軽、弓足軽、鉄砲足軽などに分類され、多くは集団で隊を編制して小頭の指揮に従った。
- Ashigaru units were divided into yarigumi-ashigaru (carrying spears), yumi-ashigaru (carrying bows and arrows), and teppo-ashigaru (carrying firearms), with multiple groups forming units led by a kogashira (a head of small ashigaru group).
- 内訳…侍1人、奉公人2人、足軽30人、人夫3人、口取2人(計38人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬2頭(計3頭)
- Breakdown - 1 samurai, 2 servants, 30 foot soldiers, 3 laborers, 2 kuchitori (total of 38), 1 cavalry horse and 2 packhorses (total of 3 horses).
- その後、足利尊氏は武家を軽視する建武政権と袂を分かち、武家の支持を集めながら武家政権設立を目指す。
- Later, Takauji ASHIKAGA broke away from the Kenmu Government which treated Samurai families lightly and aimed at establishing a Samurai government while receiving support from the Samurai families.
- 戦うよりも逃げることに重点を置いていたため、通常は少しでも身軽になるように重い鎖帷子は着用しない。
- Since they focused on escaping rather than fighting, usually they didn't wear heavy kusari-katabira to be as nimble as possible.
- 上方歌は、地歌の「端歌もの」と比較してテンポ・歌詞の内容が軽快で明るい曲調のものが多い傾向にある。
- Many Kamigata uta seem to have more rhythmical melody and more cheerful lyrics than hauta mono in jiuta.
- このまま腹を切ればわたしも生きておれぬ、それでは人は勘平は不義の心中をしたと言うだろうというお軽。
- Okaru says that she will not survive if Kanpei kills himself and that people will criticize him for making such an unreasonable suicide pact.
- その手間から作る人や店が減少したことによって津軽地域で食べられる通常のそばを指すことも多くなった。
- Due to the extra time and effort required, the number of soba chefs and shops that make Tsugaru soba has subsequently decreased whereby it has become common to refer to the ordinary soba eaten in the Tsugaru region as Tsugaru soba.
- 最近では、温泉街や祭りなどを鮮やかにするため、みんなで気軽に浴衣姿になってもらおうと努力している。
- Lately, in order to brighten hot-spring areas and festivals, people are encouraged to wear yukata without constraint.
- 13歳の頃、酒問屋に奉公に出て四斗樽を軽々と運ぶところを主人に見込まれ、紹介により境川部屋に入門。
- When he was thirteen years old, he worked at a liquor wholesaler as apprenticeship; the master recognized his talent since he was easily carrying shito-daru (barrel of seventy-two liters), and on the introduction of the master, he entered Sakaigawa Stable.
- 葉縦院は、直秀の活動は幕府の心証を害し、津軽家に災いとなると考え、苦々しく思い、直秀を諫めていた。
- As Yojuin feard Naohide's activities would make a bad impression on the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) which might bring harm to the Tsugaru family, she became embittered and remonstrated Naohide.
- 北陸新幹線(長野新幹線)は軽井沢駅 - 佐久平駅間で50/60Hzの切り替えセクションが存在する。
- On the Hokuriku Shinkansen line, the section where the 50 Hz power supply and the 60 Hz power supply are switched is provided between the Karuizawa Station and Sakudaira Station.
- しかし、この説の裏側には、当時浮世草子が軽く見られる風潮があったことを、高田衛などは指摘している。
- However, Mamoru TAKADA pointed out that there was a tendency to look down on Ukiyo zoshi in those days if the conjecture was put the other way around.
- 飢饉などで田畑を捨て江戸に流れ込んできた無宿者や入墨、敲等の処分を受けた軽罪人を約3年間収容した。
- It accomodated the homeless, who landed in Edo after abandoning fields because of famine, for instance, and minor offenders who received such punishments as tatoos and beating, for about three years.
- 髷先を軽く広げ月代の広いサッパリとした「細刷毛小銀杏」がそれで、町人とも武士とも見分けがつきにくい。
- One example was neat and tidy looking 'Hosohake Shoicho' (small ginkgo leaf style), in which the ends of the topknot were splayed lightly, and the front part of the head was widely shaved; so it is equally close to both hairstyles of samurai and townspeople.
- しかし、実証主義には歴史哲学を軽視するという弱点が、唯物史観には教条的になりがちという弱点があった。
- However, positivism-based history has a weak point that it treats philosophy of history lightly, and materialistic view-based history has also a weak point in that it has the tendency of becoming dogmatic.
- お軽の言葉に、生きていればお詫びのかなう日もきっとこようと勘平も気をとりなおして道を急ぐことにする。
- After listening to Okaru, Kanpei is determined to proceed in the hope that someday his apology will be accepted.
- むしろそのような地域の特徴を出したクレープはそれ専門の軽食レストランなどで供されるのが一般的である。
- Rather, crepes characterized with a distinctive regional taste, would generally be served in specialized light snack restaurants.
- 江戸時代には成人男性は嗜みとして、陰毛を出さないように陰毛を銭湯で軽石や線香を使って処理をしていた。
- In the Edo period, male adults had the decency to remove their pubic hair with pumice stones or incense sticks at sento (public bathhouses) so that it did not show.
- 内訳…侍1人、奉公人4人、足軽19人、人夫5人、口取11人(計30人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬1頭(計2頭)
- Breakdown - 1 samurai, 4 servants, 19 foot soldiers, 5 laborers, 11 kuchitori (total of 30), 1 cavalry horse and 1 packhorse (total of 2 horses).
- 草壁皇子の息子、697年軽皇子(文武天皇)の擁立に功績があり、その後見として政治の表舞台に出てくる。
- After having worked successfully for the enthronement of the Prince Karu (the Emperor Monmu), a son of the Prince Kusakabe, he appeared on the political scene as the guardian of the emperor.
- これは武士のみが対象であったが、軽微な罪や式典で粗相を3回起こすと切腹を申し付けられるものであった。
- That law applied only to Samurai (warriors) and required that a Samurai be ordered to perform Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) if he commited minor offenses or made blunders in ceremonies three times.
- 次席の右大臣には兼通の子の藤原顕光が任じられたが、顕光は当時から無能者と軽んじられている人物だった。
- Kanemichi's son, FUJIWARA no Akimitsu, was assigned as the next Udaijin, but Akimitsu was already regarded as an inept person.
- 日光の輪王寺宮が江戸城を訪れた際、深々と頭を下げる彼に対して、子供ながら家継は軽く会釈して見送った。
- When Rinojinomiya from Nikko came to the Edo-jo Castle, Rinojinomiya bowed deeply but young Ietsugu gave him just a light nod.
- 歌舞伎「仮名手本忠臣蔵」においてはお軽の父を殺害する悪役斧定九郎(おの さだくろう)として登場する。
- In Kabuki 'Kanadehon Chushingura' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers, a historical play dealing with the retainers of Ako Domain), Sadakuro ONO (斧) modeled after Gunemon ONO (大野) appears as a villain, who killed Okaru's father.
- 信枚の兄・津軽信建が小姓仲間であった石田重成と辰姫を関ヶ原の戦いの後に津軽に匿っていた縁からである。
- This was related to the fact that Nobuhiro's brother Nobutake TSUGARU had sheltered his associate page Shigenari ISHIDA as well as Tatsuhime in Tsugaru after the Battle of Sekigahara.
- 明治3年(1870年)7月、時弊10箇条を挙げた書を集議院門扉に公示し、津軽藩邸前で屠腹して果てた。
- In August 1870, YOKOYAMA directly appealed at the gate of Shugiin (a legislative body in the early Meiji period) building with a list of 10 items describing the corrupt practices of those days; after this incident, he committed seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) and died in front of the residence of Tsugaru Domain.
- His appeal did not reach the top officials of Meiji government.
- 身長が低いのがコンプレックスであったが、それを酒の席でからかわれた際に、即興の歌と舞で軽くいなした。
- He had an inferiority complex about being short, but when someone joked about this over a drink, he simply parried it with an improvised song and dance.
- これ以降近代(江戸時代後期)に至るまで津軽海峡までが日本の北端(当時の感覚では東端)となったとする。
- After these events, the northern extremity of Japan was pushed further to the region facing to the Tsugaru Straits (which was considered to be the eastern extremity at that time) until the end of Edo period before the modern era of Japan.
- 『続日本紀』によると、720年(養老4年)渡嶋津軽津司諸鞍男を風俗視察のため靺鞨国に派遣したとある。
- According to 'Shoku Nihongi' (an imperially commissioned Japanese history text), MORO no Kurao, a Watarishima Tsugaru no tsu no tsukasa (official), was dispatched in 720 to take surveys on the local customs in Makkatsu (Mohe (or Malgal, Mogher), a Tungusic people in ancient Manchuria) Province.
- 謀反しようとしたが人々を動かす能力・威力が欠けていた者は、本人はやはり斬だが、縁座が狭く軽くなった。
- A person who attempted muhon but failed for one's insufficient ability or power to mobilize people, would also be decapitated, but the punishment for enza (to be guilty for the relative's crime) charge was lighter and less people were affected.
- また、防人制も人民負担の軽減から健児制に取って代わられ、農民徴用も九州地方出身者のみに限定している。
- The system where soldiers were garrisoned at strategic posts in Kyushu was replaced with the 'kondei' system of military service for the purpose of lightening the burden on the people, and only peasants from northern Kyushu were conscripted.
- 新政府は、版籍奉還の後、公卿・諸侯を華族、武士を士族、足軽などを卒族、その他の人民を平民に改組した。
- After Hanseki-hokan, the new government defined new address terms, Kazoku (the peerage) for court nobles and feudal lords, Shizoku (warrior class) for samurai warriors, Sotsuzoku for conscripted foot soldiers, and Heimin (commoner) for other people.
- その他、白鳥陵が、『日本書紀』に即して大阪府羽曳野市(軽里大塚古墳)と奈良県御所市に比定されている。
- Moreover, following the 'Nihonshoki,' the burial mounds in Habikino City in Osaka Prefecture (the Karusato Otsuka mound) and the one in Gose City in Nara Prefecture have been identified as the Hakuchoryo burial mounds.
- 津軽弘前銀(つがるひろさきぎん):灰吹銀に木瓜紋枠の「弘前」の極印が打たれたもので銀品位99.4%。
- Tsugaru Hirosaki Gin: cupelled silver coins hallmarked with '弘前' (Hirosaki) in a Mokko-mon frame and of 99.4 percent purity.
- 庶民の場合においても軽微な罪の者に対してはなるべく拘禁はせず、預をもって代替させる方針を採っていた。
- If common people committed a minor crime, they were interned according to azuke instead of being retained in prison.
- 症状は一旦軽快したものの翌明治28年(1895年)に入って再び悪化し、1月14日にはついに危篤に陥る。
- He was getting better but in 1895 became sick again, he was in the serious condition by January 14.
- 歩く:正座したまま、あるいは軽くひざ立ちぐらいになって、手をぶらぶら動かしながら、両膝を交互に動かす。
- Walking: kneeling formally while resting the buttocks on the heels or being in a half-kneeling position, a storyteller swings the arms and moves the knees left and right.
- 二つめは聖徳太子の弟 麻呂子親王が英胡、軽足、土熊を討ったという話、三つめが有名な酒呑童子伝説である。
- The second legend is that Prince Shotoku's younger brother, Imperial Prince Maroko defeated three ogres named Eiko, Karuashi and Tsuchiguma, and the third is the famous legend about Shuten-doji.
- 家臣団の衆議・意向を無視あるいは軽視した主君は、廃立の憂き目に遭い、世間から下剋上と評されたのである。
- The lords who ignored--or worse yet, despised--the will and inclination of their group of retainers were likely to experience the misery of being deposed and replaced, and judged a fitting target for gekokujo by society.
- 田堵の中には、名田を国司に免田(租税免除の田地)として認めてもらうことで負担軽減をはかる者も出てきた。
- Some tatos tried to ease the burden by having the kokushi approve menden (duty free agricultural field).
- 『関戸本古今集』系統は、『高野切』の書風より抑揚、強弱、軽重等の変化、そして自由さを増した書風である。
- The 'Sekidobon kokinshu' lineage, in comparison to those of the 'Koya-gire,' has more variations in inflection, strongness and weakness, and lightness and heaviness, and freedom.
- また生のもの以外に、より手軽に食べられる乾物のものや味付け加工されたパック詰めのものも販売されている。
- In addition to raw mekabu seaweed, it is also possible to get dried mekabu seaweed, which can be prepared quickly, and seasoned mekabu seaweed, which comes in packs.
- 最近では家庭用の「石焼き芋器」も市販されており、家庭でも手軽に石焼き芋が楽しめるようになってきている。
- Recently, 'ishiyaki imo equipment' for household use is on the market, so everyone can easily enjoy ishiyaki imo at home.
- 当初は物真似だけでなく、散楽の流れをくむ軽業や手品、曲芸、呪術まがいの芸など、多岐に渡る芸能を行った。
- Originally, Sarugaku players displayed various arts inherited from Sangaku, such as acrobatics, the conjuring of tricks, stunts, and something similar to magic.
- 元来は朴強な芸風であったと言われるが、二十一世惣右衛門によって近代的な軽快さが加味されるようになった。
- It is said that the original style was simple and strong, but modern buoyant way was added by the twenty-first head Soemon.
- ウール着物は色彩が美しく、カジュアルで気軽に着られる普段着の和服として日本中の女性の間で流行となった。
- As Wool Kimono had beautiful color, it became popular among women throughout Japan as casual Wafuku.
- 犯行後、同室にいた妾は捕縛されていたものの軽傷を負っただけで、現場の状況など不自然な点が多々見られた。
- After the crime, many unnatural points were found at the scene, including the fact the his mistress received only minor injury although she had been tied in the same room.
- また、同族の朴井雄君が大海人皇子側で勲功を挙げた事で物部一族への処分が軽微に留まったとする意見もある。
- Others believe that ENOI no Okimi who was from the same clan, fought for Prince Oama and achieved a great deal in his call of duty, and thus it helped to reduce the punishment on the Mononobe clan.
- 小平季遠は津軽半島で生まれ、父が蠣崎季広に仕える重臣だったため、幼い頃から蠣崎季広の側近として仕えた。
- Sueto KODAIRA was born in the Tsugaru Peninsula, and as his father served Suehiro KAKIZAKI as a senior vassal, he had served Suehiro KAKIZAKI as a close adviser since a very young age.
- しかしながら、応仁の乱頃より戦いの主流が歩兵(足軽)による密集戦に変わり、やがて槍にとってかわられた。
- However, the fighting method changed to close-up fighting by foot soldiers (ashigaru) after Onin War, and the naginata was eventually replaced with spears.
- しかし、言葉が通じず、強引に隊列を横切ろうとする水兵に対し、滝が槍で突きかかり軽傷を負わせてしまった。
- However, as the sailors could not understand his words and muscled to cross the array, TAKI slightly injured them by tilting with the spear.
- 歩兵は、横隊などを組む戦列歩兵に該当する「歩兵」と、軽歩兵に該当する「撒兵(さっぺい)」に分類された。
- The foot soldiers were classified into `hohei' who were equivalent to senretsu foot soldiers who form rows and `sappei' who were equivalent to 軽歩兵.
- 鉄砲組2…侍1人、奉公人4人、足軽36人、人夫11人、口取2人(計54人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬2頭(計3頭)
- Teppo gumi 2 - 1 samurai, 4 servants, 36 foot soldiers, 11 laborers, 2 kuchitori (total of 54), 1 cavalry horse and 2 packhorses (total of 3 horses).
- 短陌は銅銭不足であった当時の経済状況に合わせた慣習であり、銅銭の輸送の不便さを軽減する上では歓迎された。
- Tanhaku was a custom fit for the economic situation at that time and hailed as a method to reduce the inconvenience of delivering copper coins.
- 何につけても軽薄短小が好まれ、ポスト・モダンなどということがもっともらしく語られる時代の空気でもあった。
- In those days, anything light, thin, short and small was favored and what was post-modern was seriously discussed.
- 現在は軽口を継承している芸人はいないが、林家染丸一門や露の五郎兵衛一門が余芸で寄席などで度々披露される。
- Today, although there is no successor of karukuchi, karukuchi is often performed at vaudeville theaters by Somemaru HAYASHIYA and his pupils and Gorobe TSUYUNO and his pupils.
- もともと六位以下の下級武官の履く苧麻製の「麻鞋(まかい)」がルーツということもあり軽快で活動性に優れる。
- As Shigai was originated from 'Makai,' hemp yarn shoes worn by low-ranking military officers at and under the rank of Rokui (Sixth Rank), it was light and comfortable as well as suitable for active movements.
- 商品は弁当中心でエスニック系のものが多く、清潔感と洒落た雰囲気で、女性客も気軽に買える内容となっている。
- Neo Yatai products: The main item is the bento (lunch box), followed by assorted ethic foods; these mobile stalls share a cleaner environment and contemporary atmosphere; so, these mobile stalls generate more female traffic to their sites.
- ケチャップでの味付けが非常に簡便であることから、学校給食や家庭、喫茶店、軽食堂で供されることが多かった。
- Because Naporitan was very easy to flavor with ketchup, it was often served at school meals, home, kissaten, and lunchrooms.
- 『我営業ハ確実ヲ旨トシ、時勢ノ変遷、理財ノ得失ヲ計リテ之を興廃シ、苟クモ 浮利ニ趨リ、軽進ス可ラザル事』
- 'The business should be run securely, adjusted in accordance with the changing circumstances and financial state, and should never be run carelessly by chasing easy money.'
- 作風は基本的に明るく軽快であるが、晩年になって『山姥』のような時折グロテスクで陰惨な印象の作品を残した。
- While his style was essentially bright and gallant, he occasionally produced grotesque and gruesome drawings like 'Yamanba' (A Mountain Witch) in his later years.
- 天武天皇14年(685年)10月10日、高田新家は、軽部足瀬、荒田尾麻呂とともに、信濃国で行宮を作った。
- In November 14, 685, TAKATA no Niinomi built Angu (temporary palace) with KARUBE no Tarise and ARATAO no Maro in Shinano Province.
- 中国の故事や名所を題材とした大画面の屏風、日本の風景を軽妙洒脱な筆致で描いた作品など、作風は変化に富む。
- His works vary widely, including huge folding screens depicting historical events and famous sites in China and Japanese landscapes drawn with smart and refined brushwork.
- 沖田は山南を兄のように慕っていたとされるが、故郷への手紙では山南の死に関して軽く触れるに留められている。
- Although Okita seemed to regard Yamanami as an older brother, he barely touched upon Yamanami's death in a letter he sent home.
- この考えはやがて外的権威である経書、ひいては現実政治における権威の軽視にまでいたる危険性をはらんでいた。
- This idea carried the danger that the Classics, which were the external authority, and even the authority of the real government, would become ignored.
- これにより身動きのとれなくなっていた最前列の学生15名が浅瀬に落下、うち7名が骨折を含む重軽傷を負った。
- As the students in the front had been stuck between students and officers, fifteen students fell into the shallow water and as a result seven students were injured either slightly or seriously including fractures.
- 抗戦派の中心は足軽頭原元辰と札座奉行岡島常樹の兄弟であり、恭順派は末席家老の大野知房が中心となっていた。
- The radicals were led by a leader of foot soldiers Mototoki HARA and brothers of commissioner of finance Tsuneki OKAJIMA, whereas the moderates were led by Tomofusa ONO, the lowest rank chief retainer.
- 中でも、秋篠宮文仁親王がフォルクスワーゲン・タイプ1を所有し、主に軽井沢で運転しているのは有名な話である。
- In particular, a well known story is that Akishinonomiya Imperial Prince Fumihito has a Volkswagen Type 1 and drives it mainly in Karuizawa.
- 丸谷才一『忠臣蔵とは何か』によれば、この勘平、お軽、伴内の三角関係は判官、顔世、師直のもどきであるという。
- According to 'Chushingura towa nanika' (What is Chushingura?) by Saiichi MARUYA, the triangle made up of Kanpei, Okaru, and Bannai mimics the one made up of the judge, Kaoyo, and Moronao.
- また、手軽さ、安さ、栄養などの面から、就職や進学等で一人暮らしをはじめる際に、好んで食べられる場合がある。
- For its convenience, low price, and high nutrition, it is often preferred by young people who just started to live alone to work or go to school.
- 田中忠三郎氏が調査・収集した刺し子のうち津軽・南部の刺し子着786点が国の重要有形民俗文化財に指定された。
- Among sashiko examined and collected by Chuzaburo TANAKA, 786 pieces of sashiko clothes in the Tsugaru and Nanbu regions are specified as significant tangible folk cultural assets.
- それまで童話の添え物として軽視されていたこの分野を芸術の域まで引き上げることをめざして造語したものである。
- This term was coined with the aim of refining this category of pictures, which had been played down as adjuncts to fairly tales until then, to the realm of art.
- 東京弁の「ちゃった」(=してしまった)とは異なり、京都弁の「はった」と同等の、軽い敬意を込めた表現である。
- Being different from 'chatta' of Tokyo dialect, it implies a light deference similarly to 'hatta' of Kyoto dialect.
- 明治45年には伸銅場(現、住友金属・住友軽金属)で継ぎ目なし鋼管の製造に着手し、海軍の復水管需要に応える。
- In 1912, he started the production of seamless steel pipes in Sumitomo Shindo-jo (Sumitomo Copper Plant, current Sumitomo Metals and Sumitomo Light Metal Industries) to meet the demand of the navy's condensation pipes.
- 軽皇子は翌年(697年)8月1日に禅譲されて即位したため、この時に国見の東宮大傅の任も解かれたと思われる。
- On August 25, 697, Karu no Miko succeeded to the throne by Empress Jito's abdication, so presumably Kunimi was discharged from Mikonomiya no Okikashizuki at the same time.
- 書名の由来は、この書物の前半部分が『太平記』が今川家を軽んじていると難じている(批判している)ことにある。
- The first half of this book criticizes that 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace) thought little of the Imagawa family, from which the title of the book came.
- のちに摂津鉄道と改称して馬車鉄道を蒸気動力の軽便鉄道に改築し尼ヶ崎~池田(現在の川西池田)間を開業させた。
- Kawabe [Kawanobe] Basha Tetsudo later had a name change to Settsu Railway; the horse tramway was reconstructed into a light railway using steam power, and services started between Amagasaki and Ikeda (currently Kawanishiikeda).
- 大量飛散の翌年は、たとえ飛散量がある程度少なくとも、症状が軽くてすむ患者ばかりではないことが知られている。
- It is known that in years following the dispersal of large amounts of pollen, patients do not merely exhibit mild symptoms even in the event that the airborne pollen level in that year itself is relatively low.
- 幕末に活躍した人びとには、勤皇方、幕府方を問わず、下級藩士・郷士・町人など軽輩階層出身者であった者が多い。
- Many of people who played active roles at the end of the Edo period, whether pro-imperial or pro-shogunate, came from these derogatory class such as lower-rank samurai, country samurai, merchants.
- 彼らの多くは合戦の際には足軽や人足として働きつつ、機をみて略奪行為に励み、自由で暴力的な生活を謳歌していた。
- Many of them enjoyed their life of freedom and violence, working as an ashigaru (common foot soldier) or a ninsoku (laborer) in times of war, and robbing people of their money and valuables whenever they had opportunities to do so.
- 二つ目や真打によって演じられることもあるが、比較的簡単な軽い話とみなされるためにトリの演目になることは無い。
- Regarded as a relatively brief and light story, zenza-banashi are never performed by established storytellers called tori, although they may be played by futatsu-me performers, situated between the zenza beginner storytellers and shin-uchi skilled performers, and occasionally by shin-uchi themselves.
- これらの地域では従前の軍制を維持する必要があったため、軍制の軽量化といえる健児制は導入されなかったのである。
- Since these regions required the maintenance of the conventional military system, they didn't introduce the kondei system, which would have meant a scaled down military force to them.
- 内訳…侍2人、奉公人5人、足軽16人、中間5人、人夫4人、口取1人(計33人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬1頭(計2頭)
- Breakdown - 2 samurai, 5 hokonin (servants), 16 foot soldiers, 5 chugen (soldiers one rank below common soldiers), 4 ninpu (laborers), 1 kuchitori (a person who leads the horse) (33 total), 1 cavalry horse and 1 packhorse (total of 2 horses).
- しかし、大名の中央集権化に伴い戦国中期頃から足軽間での兵科の分離や、騎馬武者も含めた各組ごと編成が行われた。
- However, as the power of daimyo became centralized from around the mid Sengoku Period, organization of various groups, including cavalrymen, took place, such as the separation of various military branches among the foot soldiers.
- 鎌倉の山は標高100メートル程度と比較的手軽に楽しめることもあり、特に休日は多くのハイカーでにぎわっている。
- Many hikers enjoy hiking in the mountains of Kamakura particularly in holidays partly because the mountains in Kamakura, about 100 meters above the sea, can be enjoyed relatively easily.
- 下国家は安東政季以降、津軽と隣接する出羽国檜山郡 (出羽国)を本拠地とし、津軽帰還を試みたが果たせなかった。
- From the generation of Masasue ANDO, the Shimonokuni family, settled in Hiyama Country of Dewa Province (Dewa Province), an adjoining area of Tsugaru, was keen to return to the Tsugaru region, but the family could not realize this wish.
- 安東氏(あんどうし)は、日本の中世に本州日本海側最北端の陸奥国津軽地方から出羽国秋田郡の一帯を支配した武家。
- The Ando (安東) clan was a samurai family, which ruled extensively from Tsugaru region of Mutsu Province, situated in the northernmost region on the Japan Sea side of Honshu to the Akita Country of Dewa Province, during the medieval Japan.
- お抱えは、一代限りの雇用の者だが、実際は世襲することも多く、軽輩の者が多いなかで、専門職で侍身分の者もいた。
- Okakae (retainer) was hired only in one generation, but in fact was often inherited, and among many of keihai some of them were professional and in the class of samurai.
- 濁り酒は、農民たちが自家製するどぶろくを含めて、清酒よりも安価で手軽な格下の酒として製造、流通されつづける。
- Unfiltered sake, including Doburoku (unrefined sake) brewed by farmers in their houses, had been continuously produced and distributed as a low-grade liquor which was cheaper and handy than seishu.
- 1892年8月に桂梅團治初代・桂家雁篤のコンビが「軽口」の看板を上げ、落語の演目を演じ分けるなど人気を博す。
- In August, 1892, entertainment shows under the name of 'Karukuchi' performed by a duo of Umedanji KATSURA (the first generation) and Gantoku KATSURAYA gained stories of rakugo repertoire.
- 手軽さを考えてミックスベジタブル(ニンジン、トウモロコシ、グリーンピースの混合)で三色を揃える例も見られる。
- An example is seen where mixed vegetables (mixture of diced carrots, corn, and green peas) are used for easily preparing the three colors.
- 今日では電気式のホットプレートが普及し家庭内でも手軽に鉄板焼きを楽しむことが出来るが飲食店の火力に及ばない。
- Present day, teppanyaki has become enjoyable at home as electric hot plates became popular, but the heating power of electric plates is not comparable with that of restaurants.
- 「映画をデザインした先駆的監督・中平康レトロスペクティヴ」で上映時に拍手も上がった中平の軽妙洒脱路線の名作。
- It is Nakahira's masterpiece of light and refined films, that brought waves of applause at the time of the screening, 'Ko NAKAHIRA Retrospective, a pioneer director who designed films.'
- さらに、天智の改革においては地方豪族(特に東国)を軽視したために地方豪族の間で不平が高まったと見られている。
- Furthermore, in the reform by Emperor Tenchi, it is thought that complaints were growing between the local ruling families (especially Togoku) because they were disregarded.
- 天皇は尾張の国の二股に分かれた杉で二股船を作り、それを運んできて、市師池、軽池に浮かべて、皇子とともに戯れた。
- The Emperor made a boat with two hulls by cutting a two truncal Japanese cedar in Owari Province, and took it to the capital to play with the prince, launching it on the Ichishi Pond and Karonoike Pond.
- 近年では、軽皇子が中大兄皇子を教唆して「乙巳の変」を引き起こした「黒幕」であるという説を唱える歴史学者もいる。
- Nowadays, some historians claim that Prince Karu was the 'mastermind' who abetted Naka no Oe no Oji to cause 'Isshi no hen.'
- 軽快な曲調の「皇太子さまお生まれなつた」(作詞:北原白秋/作曲:中山晋平)との奉祝歌までが作られたほどである。
- The celebrating movement was so enthusiastic that even a celebrating song with a lilting tune titled 'The Crown Prince was born' (songwriter: Hakushu KITAHARA/composer: Shinpei NAKAYAMA) was produced.
- 逆に、好奇心旺盛な郷士の子弟は、それらの制度を利用して、見聞を広めるために江戸詰め足軽に志願することもあった。
- Conversely, curious children of goshi would also use these systems in order to broaden their horizons by volunteering to serve as domain ashigaru who were dispatched to work in Edo.
- In a strange twist, inquisitive sons of goshi (rural samurai) made use of these arrangements to volunteer as foot soldiers to serve in Edo as a means to broaden their horizons.
- 明治に至り廃藩置県等の体制の変革により、同心・足軽等一部は羅卒・兵卒・下士官・末端役人として引き続き出仕した。
- The arrival of the Meiji period and system reforms such as Haihan-chiken (the abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) meant that some doshin and ashigaru continued to serve as police officers, soldiers, noncommissioned officers and low-level officials.
- 内訳 鉄砲組1…侍1人、奉公人5人、足軽36人、人夫11人、口取2人(計55人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬2頭(計3頭)
- Breakdown of teppo gumi 1 - 1 samurai, 5 servants, 36 foot soldiers, 11 laborers, 2 kuchitori (total of 55), 1 cavalry horse and 2 packhorses (total of 3 horses).
- 瓶や缶など手軽な容器の浸透と、潤沢な供給の実現によって「飲みたいときに飲みたいだけ飲める」世の中になっていた。
- Since its convenient containers such as bottles and cans were widespread and liquor was supplied fully, people 'could drink as much as they wanted when they wanted to.'
- なお、赤樫は軽いが強く打ち合うと折れやすく、鉄刀木のような、硬い木材は強く打ち合った際にささくれが生じやすい。
- Japanese evergreen oak is light but is easily broken in an exchange of powerful strokes, while hardwoods like Siamese senna (senna siamea) easily produce splinters in a similar exchange.
- カツオを原料とした削り節の小袋(かつおパックという商品名)が家庭で手軽に使える商品として、ヒット商品となった。
- Small packets of shavings of dried bonito have become a hit under the brand name of 'katsuo pack' (literally, packages of dried bonito) as a convenient item for use at home.
- 東京の内海桂子は弟子の笑組、ナイツ (お笑いコンビ)と舞台に上がる時、軽口の演目であった『名鳥名木』を演じる。
- Keiko UTSUMI, a Tokyo-based comedian, also performs one of karukuchi repertoires, called 'Meicho Meiboku' when she appears on stage with her pupil comedian duo, Knights.
- 近年では同時に身長も計測でき、軽量で移動に適した機械が普及し、中国大陸などでも移動身体測定の商売人が見られる。
- In recent years, machines which can simultaneously also measure height, and are lighter for better portability have become common, and it has become possible to see sales people for mobile body measuring even on the Chinese continent.
- 二人が判官の切腹、お家お取潰のさなか、家中の人々に合わせる顔もなく、お軽の実家へと落ちてゆくさまを描いたもの。
- Unable to face those involved they fled to Okaru's family home, meanwhile the Judge committed seppuku and his family line was legally abolished.
- この機能により温度維持に消費されていた電力を削減、製品の劣化スピードが抑制され補充管理にかかる負荷も軽減した。
- This function made it possible to reduce electric power consumed to maintain the temperature and to control the deteriorating speed of products which lightened the burden of reloading management.
- 『大鏡』や『枕草子』などによれば、道隆は大酒飲みで、軽口を好んだ朗らかな人であったらしく、不羈な一面もあった。
- According to such documents as 'Okagami' (The Great Mirror) and 'Makura no soshi' (The Pillow Book), Michitaka had a free-hearted side such that he was a cheerful hard-drinking man who enjoyed witty remarks.
- 中平はマジメなことが嫌いで「日本軽佻浮薄派」と自任していたが、これは川島の影響も少なからずともあるようである。
- Nakahira disliked serious matters and identified himself as 'Nippon Keicho Huhaku Ha,' which seemed to be influenced by Kawashima to some extent.
- 「自分をへりくだることはほとんど無く、自分以外の大名のほとんどを軽蔑しており、まるで自分の部下のごとく語る。」
- He merely denigrates himself, looked down on almost all daimyo except himself, and speaks about them as if they were his followers.'
- 当時日本の支配領域の外か外縁にあった五所川原窯からは、地元の津軽半島だけでなく、北海道まで製品が送り出された。
- Since Goshogawara kiln was at the outer edge or the outside of the territory dominated by Japan, Sueki products were sent not only to local Tsugaru Peninsula but also to Hokkaido.
- 軽微な犯罪を「過怠」と称して実刑の代わりに金銭などを徴収して神社や寺院、道路、橋梁などの修繕費用の一部とした。
- A minor crime was called 'katai (negligence),' which was utilized for the toward the cost of repairing shrines, temples, road and bridges by collecting money instead of imposing a prison sentence.
- または、本陣備中の騎馬隊組頭が足軽組を(明確なものではないが)指揮下に置く事で備の戦闘指揮官を務める事になる。
- Or, the captain of the cavalrymen within the army headquarters sonae served as the battle commander of the sonae by placing the foot soldiers (although not clear) under his command.
- 話のテンポも軽妙で口語といった語りもふんだんに用いられ、典型的な平安文学とは一線を画している仕様になっている。
- With a light, easy tempo and plentiful narrative in colloquial language, its style is readily differentiated from typical Heian literature.
- なお、8世紀には日本列島最古の地図(行基図)が作られ、日本国内では津軽海峡の存在が認識されていたと考えられる。
- It was believed in the eighth century that the existence of Tsugaru Straits was recognized on the oldest map of the Japanese Islands (gyogi zu) that were developed in the eighth century.
- 軽度犯罪者・虞犯者に対して教育的・自立支援的なアプローチを取り入れた処遇を行った点が当時としては画期的だった。
- In those days this facility was revolutionary in that educational and self-supportive approaches were taken towards minor offenders and those who were likely to commit crimes.
- 大工、建具製作等の特技をもつ者にはそれらを訓練させ、特技のない者には単純軽作業(手内職)や土木作業を指導した。
- Those who had skills of carpentry and production of fittings were let to train them, and those who had no special skills were instructed to do simple labor (manual sideline work) and civil engeneering work.
- 備の証である大旗(幟、軍旗)とそれを率いる士大将の旗印、大馬印を持つ旗持足軽と馬印持足軽を旗奉行(侍)が率いる。
- Hata bugyo (a samurai) led the hatamochi ashigaru (banner-bearing foot soldiers) and umajirushimochi ashigaru (foot soldiers bearing umajirushi (the commander's battle standard)), who carried the ohata (large flag) (nobori (flag), gunki (war banner)) which was the proof of the sonae, the hatajirushi (flag emblem) of the samurai daisho (samurai general) leading the sonae, and the oumajirushi (large battle standard of the commander).
- さらに、夏季に山頂近くを彩る高山植物を含む野草群のお花畑と、9合目までドライブウェイで登れるという手軽さもある。
- Additionally, in the summer, it has a huge filed of wild grass and alpine flora on the top and visitors can easily get to the ninth station by car.
- 程度にもよるが、米アレルギーの症状が軽い場合、無洗米あるいは低アレルゲンをうたった米ならば摂取可能な場合がある。
- Although it depends on the degree, in the case that the symptom of the rice allergy is not serious, the patient may be able to eat pre-washed rice or hypoallergenic rice.
- 有名な刺し子技法には津軽地方の『こぎん刺し』、南部地方 (青森県)の『菱刺し』、庄内地方の『庄内刺し子』がある。
- Famous sashiko techniques include 'koginzashi' (an old needlework technology) in the Tsugaru region, 'hishizashi' (diamond sashiko) in the Nanbu region (Aomori prefecture), and 'Shonai sashiko' in the Shonai region.
- 「わしだって軽くしたい。だが、わしがこうしていれば家臣も見習い、常に戦時の備えを怠らないだろう」と答えたという。
- To that remark, Kiyomasa is said to have replied, 'I myself want it light, but if I wear these like this, my retainers follow suit and never fail to be prepared for a battle.'
- この情勢を量ると、秤は幕府・薩摩方に傾き、長州藩を中心とする反幕攘夷派勢力は徐々に軽くなりつつあったといえよう。
- All of this information shows that the balance of power was tilted in favor of the government/Satsuma, and the radical Joi (principle of excluding foreigners) group central to the Choshu domain was gradually decreasing in influence.
- 1894年に須藤時一郎・田口卯吉・尾崎三良らが、税制を整理して減税を行い、地方や国民負担の軽減を唱えて結成した。
- Tokiichiro SUDO, Ukichi TAGUCHI, and Saburo OZAKI formed this political group in 1894 with political assertions of restructuring the tax system for tax reduction to lessen the burden on the provinces and people.
- (奏弾)宮中における特別警察的な存在であるが裁判権は他の機関と同じく、組織内部の軽罪を裁く程度しか持っていない。
- (Sodan) It was a kind of special force police unit in the Imperial Court, but as for jurisdiction, it just judged a misdemeanor in the organization as well as the other institutions.
- また地学的に見ても、北海道とサハリンは繋がっていたし、津軽海峡は冬には結氷して北海道と現在の本州が繋がっていた。
- In terms of geography, Hokkaido and Sakhalin were connected, Tsugaru Straits was frozen in the winter, and Hokkaido was connected to the present Honshu Island.
- 兄である木梨軽皇子には近親相姦疑惑があったとされているが、安康天皇も近親相姦をしていたのではないかという説がある。
- While Emperor Anko's brother Kinashi no Karu no Miko was suspected of incest, one theory has it that Emperor Anko, too, allegedly committed incest.
- 皇太子の木梨軽皇子(きなしのかるのみこ)には近親相姦の前科が有ったために群臣は皆従わず、弟の穴穂皇子の側に付いた。
- Ingyo's retainers did not follow the Crown Prince Kinashi no Karu no Miko due to his previous conviction for incest, and they took side with the Crown Prince's younger brother, Anaho no Miko.
- 『月瀬記勝』は明治時代・大正時代に至るまで土産物店で手軽に購入できるガイドブックとして多くの人々にもてはやされた。
- 'Tsukigase Kisho' was a very popular guidebook which was readily available at souvenir shops until as recently as Meiji and Taisho periods.
- 戦国時代後期には地位も向上して足軽大将の家禄は、200石から500石程度で中級の武士として認められる存在になった。
- In the latter part of the Sengoku period, the intermediate samurai rank of ashigaru taisho (samurai in command of a troop ashigaru) came to be recognized and was awarded an annual stipend of between 200 and 500 koku.
- 鞆軽便鉄道(鞆鉄道)の利用も太平洋戦争直後をピークに減少し1954年(昭和29年)には採算悪化などから廃止された。
- By shrinking users after peaking in right after the Pacific War, the Tomo Keiben Tetsudo railroad (light railway service provided by Tomotetsudo Co., Ltd.,) was going out of service in 1954, due to unprofitability.
- しかし、心地よい軽さで手になじみ、手づくりの風をうみだすうちわは現代においても涼しさをうむイメージのひとつである。
- However, Uchiwa fan, which can fit people's hand for its comfortable lightness and make a handmade wind, is even now counted as one of the tools which create a cool atmosphere.
- 小筒に比べて威力が増大した分扱いが難しい上に高価なので、臨時雇いでなく継続して主人に仕える足軽が用いる銃とされた。
- Since it was more powerful, it became more difficult to handle the middle barrel compared to a small one; also, since it was expensive, it was regarded as a gun used not by temporaries, but mainly by ashigaru who continuously served the master.
- 任侠物…北島三郎「兄弟仁義」、高倉健「唐獅子牡丹」など(股旅物に近いが、股旅物は軽快、任侠物は重厚な曲調が多い)。
- Stories of chivalrous men: 'Kyodai Jingi' (Duty of Brotherhood) by Saburo KITAJIMA, 'Karajishi Botan' (Lion and Peony) by Ken TAKAKURA, etc. (Songs about chivalrous men are similar to those about wandering gamblers, but the former usually have heavy melodies, while the latter are lighter.)
- 没後の推古天皇20年(612年)2月、堅塩媛は欽明天皇の檜隈大陵に合葬され、軽の街で誄を奉る儀式が盛大に行われた。
- After her death in February, 612, Princess Kitashihime was buried with Emperor Kinmei in Hinokuma no Omisasagi (Mausoleum of Emperor Tenmu and Emperor Jito), and a massive ceremony was held that honored the dead at the city of Karu.
- 一方で、蘭学への長崎通詞の寄与を軽視しており、青木・野呂ら、杉田玄白以前の蘭学について正確ではないとの批判がある。
- Some are critical to this book, however, arguing that it neglects contributions of Dutch interpreters in Nagasaki to Dutch studies, and that it did not accurately describe scholars of Dutch studies such as Aoki and Noro who were predecessors of Genpaku.
- 津軽信枚との再婚の際、満天姫は、家康が描かせた「関ヶ原合戦図屏風」を泣いて懇願し、嫁入り道具として持参したという。
- When Matehime remarried Nobuhiro TSUGARU, she cried for the 'Battle of Sekigahara folding screen' that Ieyasu had a painter draw, and brought it as a bride's household article.
- 慶長18年(1613年)、南光坊天海の進言もあり、家康は満天姫を津軽地方弘前藩主・津軽信枚に再嫁させることにした。
- In 1613, with Nankobo Tenkai's advice, Ieyasu had Matehime remarry Nobuhiro TSUGARU, the lord of the Hirosaki Domain in the Tsugaru region.
- 以後、反対闘争は自由民権運動以後の「地租軽減運動」や初期帝国議会における「民力休養」論などに舞台を移すことになる。
- After this, the conflicts were taken over to 'the movement for land-tax reduction' following Jiyu Minken Undo and the theory for 'the reduction of people's tax burden' seen at an early stage of the Imperial Diet.
- 富森助右衛門の証言によると礒貝十郎左衛門が軽い者を捕えてろうそくを出させ、真っ暗だった吉良邸内を明るくしたという。
- Sukeemon TOMIMORI said that Jurozaemon ISOGAI brightened up the pitch-dark residence by capturing a lightweight person and making him bring some candles.
- 軽皇子(文武天皇)が若年で立太子したときに、皇族内で異論があったことは、奈良時代に作られた『懐風藻』に記されている。
- 'Kaifuso' (Fond Recollections of Poetry) published in the Nara period reported that there were some objections within the imperial family, when Prince Karu was invested in the Crown Prince at a young age.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に建武の新政が開始された後も、北条氏の残党は津軽地方や日向国、伊予国など各地で散発的に反乱を起こした。
- Even after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu was followed by the Kenmu restoration, the remnants of the Hojo clan occasionally revolted in places such as the Tsugaru region, Hyuga Province and Iyo Province.
- 新容器の登場が清涼飲料業界を一変させ、その余波として居酒屋で飲むチューハイが家庭で手軽に作れるようになったのだった。
- The appearance of the new container changed greatly the soft drink industry, and in the aftermath, chuhai which was provided at izakaya bars could be made easily at home.
- 舁き山車の場合は 担ぐゆえの構造的な軽量さから、次のような派手な動きが多く、また太鼓台の差し上げに通じるものが多い。
- Kakidashi is structurally light so as to be lifted up, and it includes more showy performances as follows, which are also commonly observed features of Sashiage for Taikodai.
- 犬は1回に複数頭の子供を生み、出産も他の動物に比べて軽いことなどから安産や子供の健康を祈願する守りとして用いられた。
- As a dog breeds many puppies at a time and its delivery is quicker compared to other animals, it is used as an Omamori (a personal amulet) for easy delivery and baby's health.
- このようなことを考えると、書道界における模刻の功績は決して軽くはなく、むしろその存在に負うところが多いことが分かる。
- From that standpoint, mokoku has made enormous contributions to the world of calligraphy and so much so that the calligraphy world owes much to the existence of mokoku.
- 談林派は、言語遊戯を主とする貞門の古風を嫌い、式目の簡略化をはかり、奇抜な着想・見立てと軽妙な言い回しを特色とした。
- The Danrin-ha, which disliked old-fashioned style of the Teimon-ha (the Teimon school) focusing on wordplay, enjoyed distinguishing characteristics of eccentric ideas and comparisons, as well as light and easy phrasing, by simplifying the rules,
- 教経は「舟戦にはやり様があるものだ」と言うと、鎧直垂を着ずに、軽装で戦い、見事な技で敵を射落とし逃すことがなかった。
- Noritsune said, 'There is a specific way for sea battle.' and fought with light clothes, not wearing yoroi-hitatare; he shot down his enemies by splendid skill and did not miss.
- 政義の軽挙妄動により、新田氏の没落は決定的となり、新田本宗家は『吾妻鏡』にも登場しないような一地方御家人に零落した。
- Because of Masayoshi's rash and blind act, fall of the Nitta clan became clear and the head family of the Nitta family fell into straitened circumstances to become a local gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) who was not even in 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East).
- 同年11月からは、窓の2段上昇化やナンバーの転写表記化など、より一層のコストダウンを図った「軽装車」を9編成投入.。
- From November 1984, JNR introduced nine sets of 'light-duty cars' designed to cut further costs by installing two-step upright sliding windows and by adopting transfer printing technology for numbering.
- また2代目プリウスは空気抵抗軽減重視ボディのため、クラウンコンフォートやクルーに比べ後席の頭上に空間の余裕が少ない。
- In addition, because of its body design to reduce air resistance, the second-generation Prius has less space above the head in the backseats compared to Crown Comfort and Nissan CREW
- 為信の経歴は津軽氏側に残される資料と、南部氏側の資料との間で記述に食い違いがあるため、はっきりしない点が少なくない。
- Because of discrepancies in the descriptions in the materials remaining on the Tsugaru clan and Nanbu clan sides, there are many unknowns in the career of Tamenobu.
- ユーロスペースでは、軽妙洒脱な持ち味が出た『誘惑』上映後に、その新鮮な驚きと感動で場内に拍手が上がったほどであった。
- After the screening of 'Yuwaku,' which showed the light and refined features, in Eurospace, its fresh surprising impression brought waves of applause.
- しかしここで警官隊200名余りが警告抜きに学生たちに襲いかかり、学生側は後頭部を割られるなど重軽傷者70名を出した。
- However, more than 200 officers suddenly attacked the students without warning; as a result, seventy students were injured either slightly or seriously including lacerations of the scalp.
- 昔はさしも大切に仕えた地方の神が、次第に軽ぜられてのちついに絶縁して、いつとなく妖怪変化の類に混じた経路を語っている。
- This story tells us how local gods once treated very respectfully were gradually made light of, finally got abandoned, and transformed into a kind of mixture with specters over time.
- 本来は「サアコレ勘平、お軽をこつちへ渡せばよし、いやだ何だとぬかすが最後……、サァサァサッササ勘平返事は何と」である。
- The word 'what' in the last line, for example, sounds similar to 'crane' in Japanese.
- 村の住民(百姓など)が集団で荘園から退去して一時的に他の土地へ逃げ込み、領主に対して年貢軽減や代官の罷免などを求める。
- Village residents (such as peasants) would leave manors en masse and temporarily take refuge in other areas where they would make demand that the feudal lord take actions such as the reduction of land taxes and the dismissal of the local governor.
- 安倍貞任第2子の高星丸を始祖とする系譜を伝え、津軽地方を中心に西は出羽国秋田郡から東は下北半島までを領した豪族である。
- It was a local ruling family, which handed down the genealogy in which Takaakimaru, the second son of Sadato ABE, was figured as its ancestor, and dominated Tsugaru region and an extensive surroundings from the westward of Akita Country of Dewa Province to the eastward of Shimokita Peninsula.
- 信憑性に欠けるこの説明から確実にわかるのは、都加留(津軽)が固有名をあげられるほどの有力集団として存在したことである。
- What can be said for sure from this description, which has no credibility, is that Tsugaru was a dominant group of the Emishi because its proper name was mentioned in the record.
- 基本的に「遊び」であるが、平安期には歌の優劣が出世にもかかわる重大事であったため今日行われるような気軽なものではない。
- Uta-awase is basically a 'game,' but in the Heian period, a talent for poetry was an important factor for promotion and it was not just an entertainment as it is today.
- なお、束帯に使用する太刀も儀式の軽重によって使い分けがあり、平安後期から明治維新より前の時代には石帯と関連性があった。
- Swords used with sokutai (traditional ceremonial court dress) were used for different purposes according to the importance of the ceremony, and they were associated with sekitai from the end of Heian Period to the Meiji Restoration.
- 「ここをもちて軍士の中の力士の軽く捷きを選り聚めて、宣りたまひしく、その御子を取らむ時、すなわちその母王をも掠取れ。」
- Then he selected and collected strong and nimble soldiers, and told them to catch the baby's mother as well when they receive that baby.'
- また森繁久彌、小林桂樹と共演した社長シリーズでも軽妙な重役を演じるなど、日本映画にかかせない名脇役として人気を博した。
- He also played the role of a witty director in the movies in Shacho (president) series, in which he acted together with Hisaya MORISHIGE and Keiju KOBAYASHI, and won a reputation as being an indispensible supporting actor in Japanese movies.
- 揮発油、灯油、軽油、アルコール、二硫化炭素その他の引火性液体(喫煙用ライター及び懐炉(カイロ)に利用している物を除く)
- Inflammable liquid such as volatile oil, kerosene, light oil, alcohol, carbon disulfide (except materials for cigarette lighters and body warmers)
- したがって、こうした悪習などを改めるための法律であったと考えれば、厳罰を以って処すことの是非を軽々しく評価はできない。
- Therefore, if the aim of the law was to improve these bad customs and practices, it is not possible to make a hasty judgment whether the severe punishment was right or wrong.
- つまり、自宅より出先の方が軽くて済むのであれば、本来の自宅以外の場所を「自宅」ということにすれば良いという考えである。
- In other words, the idea was that if the practice of Katatagae for travelling to one place to another except one's home should be more lightly treated than that of involving one's home, it was convenient to assume that a place which, in fact, was not one's home, would be 'one's home'.
- 銅製で、直径0.9寸(約2.7センチメートル)、規定量目は9分(約3.375グラム)と、初期の寛永通宝より軽めである。
- It was made of copper, approx. 2.7 centimeters in diameter, and its prescribed weight was approx. 3.375 grams, which was lighter than that of the early Kanei-tsuho (coins).
- その後、私設鉄道法に基づく私鉄の出願が全く無くなったため、1919年(大正8年)には軽便鉄道法と私設鉄道法を廃止した。
- After that, as no applications based on Private Railway Act were turned in, the Light Railway Act and Private Railway Act were abolished in 1919.
- 品蛇和氣命(ほむだわけのみこと)、軽島の明宮(あきらのみや)に坐してまして、天の下治(し)らしめしき(奈良県高市郡)。
- Homudawake no mikoto settled in the palace of Akira at Karushima, and governed the country (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture).
- このことで、競技者の間から初心者の敷居が高くなってしまう、気軽に楽しめなくなってしまうなどの懸念があり、反対の声がある。
- There are concerns that the obligation keep beginners away and other players also cannot enjoy the game casually, and some people are dissenting from the new rule.
- また青森県津軽地方、新潟県、愛知県、福岡県では砂撒き狸(すなまきだぬき)というタヌキが同様に夜道で砂をかけてくるという。
- In Tsugaru region of Aomori Prefecture and Niigata, Aichi and Fukuoka Prefectures, it is said that raccoon dogs called Sunamaki-danuki (sand-throwing raccoon dog) similarly throw sand at people.
- 山田野理夫の著書『東北怪談の旅』では、寛文11年に雨の降る津軽地方街道の山中で、小雨坊なる者が旅人に粟をねだったとある。
- According to 'Tohoku Kaidan no Tabi (Trip to the scary stories in Tohoku region)' by Norio YAMADA, a Kosamebo begged a traveler for some millets on a rainy day in 1671 on a kaido (main road) deep in the mountains in Tsugaru region.
- 長州藩の山縣有朋や伊藤博文が資料などの記述で、足軽扱いされるのは本来の広く一般的に知られる中間と紛らわしいためであろう。
- The class of Aritomo YAMAGATA and Hirobumi ITO of the Choshu Domain is given as ashigaru in historical sources because the term special chugen would have been likely to be misleading and easily mixed up with widely and generally known chugen.
- 面金の材質はかつて鉄や洋銀(洋白)が主流であったが、後に面の軽量化の観点からジュラルミンなどの軽合金が広く使われ始めた。
- Iron or German silver (nickel silver) were once used for the primary materials of the mengane, but light alloy such as duralumin has been started to be used from the point of view of lighter weight.
- 2009年3月17日、大分県由布市湯布院町の原野で行われた野焼きで、参加者4人が焼死し2人が重軽傷を負う事故が発生した。
- On March 17, 2009, at the noyaki conducted in a field in Yufuin-cho, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, 4 participants were burned to death and 2 people sustained minor and serious injuries.
- 『続日本紀』には、天平7年(735年)に聖武天皇が、唐人による唐・新羅の音楽の演奏と弄槍の軽業芸を見たという記述がある。
- In 'Shoku Nihongi,' there is a description stating that the Emperor Shomu enjoyed in 735 the music of Tan/Silla and acrobatics of hokoyuke (spear play) performed by Chinese.
- 三枚におろした魚をゆで、骨や皮を取り除いた後、圧搾して水気をしぼってから焙炉にかけてもみくだき、擂り鉢で軽くすりほぐす。
- Boil the filleted fish, remove bones and skin, squeeze the fish fillets to remove water, dry in the dryer, break the fish meat into small pieces and crush in a mortar.
- その際に、重装備の永倉が土塀を乗り越えられないのを見ると島田は持ち前の怪力で永倉を土塀の上へ軽々と引き上げた逸話がある。
- There is an anecdote about him during the war; after having found the heavy-armed NAGAKURA's difficulty in climbing over a mud fence, SHIMADA easily pulled up NAGAKURA on the fence with his inborn superhuman strength.
- 美濃国の出身で、初め斎藤氏に仕え、永禄5年(1562年)5月の軽海の戦いでは、織田信長配下の織田信益を討ち取ったという。
- It is said that Masashige was from Mino Province, served the Saito clan first, and killed Nobumasu ODA under the command of Nobunaga ODA in the Battle of Karumi in June 1562.
- 『旅の重さ』、キネマ旬報ベストワンにかがやいた『津軽じょんがら節』と次々と発表し、日本を代表する映画監督のひとりとなる。
- Saito released successive films including 'Tabi no Omosa' (Journey Into Solitude) and 'Tsugaru Jongarabushi' (Jongara) which was included in the Kinema Junpo magazine top ten, making him one of Japan's most renowned directors.
- しかし「反・荘重深刻派」、「日本軽佻浮薄派」を自任し、テーマ性や社会性がある題材よりも洗練を好み映画テクニックで臨んだ。
- However, he identified himself as being a member of the 'Han-Socho Shinkoku Ha' (Anti-Solemn and Serious Group) and 'Nippon Keicho Huhaku Ha' (Japan Rash and Frivolous Group), and favored the use of shooting techniques to achieve a sophisticated depiction of his film's narrative, rather than addressing subjects related to a certain theme or social problem.
- 一つ目は、頼俊の遠征はその主張のように大成功し、津軽半島と下北半島までの本州全土を朝廷の支配下に置いたとするものである。
- The first theory is that the expedition of Yoritoshi actually ended as a great success as he insisted, by conquering the regions from Tsugaru Peninsula to Shimokita Peninsula and expanding the ruling of the Imperial Court throughout the Honshu Island.
- 結果、幕府としては従前同様に日朝貿易は対馬藩に委ねたほうが得策と判断し、宗義成は無罪、柳川調興は津軽地方に流罪とされた。
- As a result, the Edo bakufu judged that it would be wise to leave Japan-Korea Trade to the Tsushima Domain as before, and Yoshinari SO was found innocent while Shigeoki YANAGAWA was sentenced to banishment to the Tsugaru region.
- そのため、家康側が全面的に銘文の字句を口実としたものではなく、豊臣側の軽率な行為に乗じたものというという性格の方が強い。
- Therefore, the incident was not essentially the one that the Ieyasu side used the phrases in the inscription for the full excuse for attacking the Toyotomi's side, but took advantage of the thoughtlessness of the Toyotomi side.
- 大倭日子鉏友命(おほやまとひこすきとものみこと)、軽の境岡宮に坐してまして、天の下治(し)らしめしき(奈良県南葛城郡)。
- Oyamatohikosukitomo no mikoto settled in the palace of Sakaioka at Karu, and governed the country (Minami Kazuraki-gun, Nara prefecture).
- 日本酒の日本酒消費低迷期、販売不振、人件費や諸経費の高騰という難しい時期に、手軽に酒を製造し販売出来るという光明を開いた。
- During the difficult time when sake was consumed less and sold less while the labor and other managerial cost was soaring, the yumai-zukuri method became a new hope for producing and selling sake easily.
- This method brought a ray of hope that sake is able to be easily produced and sold, in the difficult time during which the consumption of Japanese sake is low, the sales of sake is slow, and the personnel expenses and other expenses were drastically increased.
- 足軽など軽輩の者は、町人地の外側に配されることも多く、現在に残る地名で、番町・弓之町・鉄砲町などがこれにあたることが多い。
- Keihaimono (low-ranked people) such as Ashigaru were placed on the outside of the townsmen district and current place names include Ban-cho, Yumino-cho, and Teppo-cho.
- この事件が事実がどうかはともかく、平氏一門の専横と源氏への日頃の軽侮に対する長年の不満が爆発は、理由として挙げられている。
- Regardless of whether this particular incident in fact occurred, the despotism of the Taira clan coupled with long years of simmering resentment among the Minamoto clan for the contempt they were forced to endure eventually led to an eruption of anger, which became the motive to raise troops in revolt.
- 懐石とは寒期に蛇紋岩・軽石などを火で加熱したもの、温めたコンニャク(こんにゃく)などを布に包み懐に入れる暖房具を意味する。
- Kaiseki means a warmer such as heated serpentinite and pumice or warmed konjac which were kept in the pocket during cold periods.
- 青森県北津軽郡板柳町には、川口あんぱんと呼ばれる小麦粉を原料としたカステラ風の生地で白餡を包んだ饅頭状の和菓子が存在する。
- Kawaguchi anpan from Itayanagi-machi, Kitatsugaru-gun, Aomori Prefecture is a manju-like Japanese sweet wrapping of shiroan with castella-like sponge cake made from wheat flour.
- 締め方は生地の端を左肩に掛けて性器(陰部)を覆い、股間を跨ぎ、尾骨から左回りで腰を一周し、縦褌と交差させて軽く仮掛けする。
- To tie a fundoshi, place one end on the left shoulder and let the other end drop to the floor in front of the genitals, pass it through your legs, wrap it around your body from the coccyx in anti-clockwise direction, allow it to intersect with the part which runs vertically (tate-fundoshi), and hold it temporarily.
- この時、長宗我部の先鋒は軽装備であったため、盛親は先鋒をすぐに本隊に合流させようとしたが、逆に藤堂隊にも発見されてしまう。
- On this occasion, the vanguard of Chosokabe was lightly equipped, Morichika tried to make the vanguard join with the main unit of the troops, but it was found by the troops of Todo.
- 但し、各足軽部隊を前線に、騎馬武者隊を後方に置き、前者で戦線を形成し、それを後者で突破するというのは基本であった様である。
- However, it seems that the basic strategy was to place the foot soldiers in the front and the cavalrymen in the rear, forming a battle front with the former and penetrating through it with the latter.
- 昭和56年(1981)、弥生時代中期の遺跡が青森県南津軽郡田舎館村垂柳遺跡から広範囲に整然とした水田区画が見つかっている。
- In 1981, remains of large-scale-well-ordered paddy field sections from the middle of the Yayoi period were found in the Tareyanagi site located in Inakadate Village, Minamitsugaru-gun, Aomori Prefecture.
- 主として兵粮奉行(兵粮奉行)率いる、およそ50名から100名の足軽等に護衛された人夫(陣夫)が駄馬や車輌を用いて運搬した。
- Principally, laborers (servicemen) guarded by fifty to a hundred ashigaru (common foot soldiers) who are all directed by hyoro bugyo (food supply administrator) carried goods on packhorses or vehicles.
- 津軽海峡に面した台地上に立地するこの遺跡では、漁労活動が盛んに行われ、長期にわたる定住生活を営むことが出来たと考えられる。
- The Nakano B remains were located on the plateau facing the Tsugaru Channel; therefore, it is assumed that sustaining a sedentary life over a long period of time was possible since the fishing was the activity pursued.
- 広げて持つときは要の少し上を持ち、閉じてからは片手で中心より根元よりの部分を軽く持ち、もう一方の手を下から先の部分に添える。
- To hold an open fan, the user has to hold it by the point slightly above the pivot; to hold an closed fan, the user has to hold it lightly with one hand by the point closer to the bottom from the center and place the other hand from below the fan to the position near the top.
- この場面でのクライマックスは、首実検で、松王の型は古来さまざまあったが、蓋を手前に置いて、両手を軽く突きながら首を見下ろす。
- The climax of this scene was a decapitated head, and various shapes of Matsuo was present, but lid was usually placed near the body, and one look down the head with both hands jutting out lightly.
- 手軽な庶民食、米食の代用食として、また祝い事に際して振る舞われる「ハレとケ」の食物として、古くから日本全国で食べられてきた。
- Regarding Udon noodles as simple everyday dishes, substitutes for boiled rice, and foods of 'hare and ke' (unusual events and daily events) served at festive events, Japanese people nationwide have eaten them from ancient times.
- また西郷については、これでは私学校党に同意せず、「無名の軽挙」をやらかさないだろうと書き送った(明治10年2月7日付書簡)。
- Moreover, concerning SAIGO, he wrote to ITO that he did not think SAIGO conformed to the Shigakko (school mainly for warriors) party and would not act rashly and blindly.
- このような事を考えると、家康側が全面的にこじつけたものではなく、豊臣側の軽率な行為が付け入る隙を与えたという性格の方が強い。
- When taking these into consideration, it is considered that the allegation on Ieyasu's side was not a far fetched one, but rather that a careless act on the Toyotomi side allowed the Ieyasu side a chance to take advantage.
- これらの戦いでは織田方の被害も決して軽微なものとはいえず、信長の実弟織田信治をはじめ森可成・坂井政尚などの古参諸将を失った。
- In these battles, the damage at Oda side was not minor one, and senior warlords including Nobunaga's younger brother Nobuharu ODA, Yoshinari MORI and Masanao SAKAI were killed.
- これは中西新八郎と宮脇平四郎のみが裏切ったわけではなく、中西新八郎らの説得に応じた守備兵力の足軽大将らが加わったためである。
- This was not only because of betrayal of Shinpachiro NAKANISHI and Heishiro MIYAWAKI, but also because a certain number of ashigaru taisho (samurai in command of a troop of foot soldiers) of the garrison force had been convinced by Shinpachiro NAKANISHI and so on.
- 享和2年(1802年)12月にも百姓による年貢軽減を求める一揆が発生し、織田軍と百姓との間で乱闘による死傷者が多数出ている。
- A riot broke out also in December 1802, demanding reduction in rice levy, and ended with heavy casualties both among the Oda force and the farmers.
- この湧別技法やその影響を受けた細石刃剥離技術は、津軽海峡を越えて山形県、新潟県、茨城県など東北地方の北半分まで拡がっている。
- This Yubetsu technique and the other saisekijin exfoliation techniques that were influenced by it fan out across the northern half of the Tohoku region, such as Yamagata, Niigata, and Ibaraki Prefectures, beyond the Tsugaru Straits.
- 見世物小屋で軽業師、手品師などの見世物やお化け屋敷などの興行を運営し、高物(たかもの)の多くは全国仮設興行組合に加盟していた。
- They showed acts by acrobats and magicians, as well as other entertainment such as haunted houses, and most takamono were affiliated with the National Temporary Entertainment Association.
- それに対して、判官刃傷のきっかけとなる手紙を渡してしまったお軽と、彼女と逢引していたために大事の場に居合わせなかった早野勘平。
- Michiyuki Tabiji no Hanamuko on the other hand depicts Okaru, who brought the letter which triggered the Judge's sword-wielding misconduct, and Kanpei HAYANO wasn't present at the critical moment as he was on a date with Okaru.
- 左手にタネを持ち、右手ですし飯を適量とって軽くまとめ(シャリ玉という)、ワサビを人差し指でとってタネにぬってシャリ玉を乗せる。
- Hold a tane (sushi topping) on the palm of the left hand, take a suitable amount of sushi rice with the right hand, develop it into the desired shape (called sharidama [rice ball]), take wasabi on the index finger, paste it on the tane, and place the sharidama on the pasted tane.
- さらに省略版として、枝振りのいい若松に、紅白や金銀の水引を蝶結びにし、門柱などに付ける方法もあり、手軽なことから多く使われる。
- For a simplified version of kadomatsu, a well-formed young pine, around which a bow of the decorative Japanese cord made from twisted paper in red and white or in gold and silver is tied, is attached to places such as gateposts, and has become popular for its ease of use.
- 通常の平織りが緯糸と同じ太さの経糸1本で織るのに対し、羽二重は経糸を細い2本にして織るため、やわらかく軽く光沢のある布となる。
- While an ordinary plain weave uses warp and weft yarns of the same thickness, habutae is woven using two thinner warp yarns for each one weft yarn so that its texture becomes soft, light and with silky glaze.
- 以蔵はまた、家が七軒町にあったことから「七以」と軽蔑的に呼ばれていたことも、田内恵吉(武市の実弟)などの書簡として伝えられる。
- Letters which were considered to be written by Keikichi TAUCHI (TAKECHI's real younger brother) and so on tell that since his house stood in Shichiken machi, Izo was also disdainfully referred to as '七以.'
- 織田氏の処置は、本願寺などの諸勢力との闘いが続く中で、毛利氏との軋轢を一時的に軽減するための政治的な目的があったと考えられる。
- It seems that the Oda clan took the foregoing actions with the political objective of temporarily alleviating friction with the Mori clan, under circumstances in which they were engaged in ongoing conflicts on several fronts, such as that of Hongan-ji Temple.
- 蜂起の目的は、暴力行為を行わず(下記「軍律」参照)、高利貸や役所の帳簿を滅失し、租税の軽減等につき政府に請願することであった。
- The purpose of the uprising was to make an petition for the abrogation of account books to usurers and public offices and tax reduction to the government without taking violent actions (see Martial Law below).
- その第二条は「両国好みを通ぜし上は---若し他国より不公及び軽藐する事有る時、其の知らせを為さば、何れも互いに相助け」とある。
- Article 2 of the treaty says, 'If other countries impose an unequal demand upon or despise either country, both countries will mutually assist each other when informed of such an event on the basis of their friendly relations.'
- 奥羽越列藩同盟政府から新政府に寝返った久保田藩・津軽藩・三春藩は功を労われ、明治2年(1869年)には一応の賞典禄が与えられた。
- The Kubota Domain, the Tsugaru Domain, and the Miharu Domain which defected from the Ouetsu-reppan alliance to the new government were commended for their deeds, and were given provisional shotenroku in 1869.
- 江戸初期には、小堀遠州がそれまで軽んじられていた日本製の国焼茶入を取上げ、和歌を題材に道具の個性にちなんだ銘を付けた(和歌銘)。
- In the early Edo period, Enshu KOBORI picked up Kuniyaki Chaire (tea containers) made in Japan which have been made light of until the time, and he placed inscriptions according to the utensils' characteristics after the themes of waka poems (waka inscriptions).
- また一説では、神話の時代から朝廷へ戦いを仕掛けたものを朝廷は鬼や土蜘蛛と呼び、朝廷から軽蔑されると共に、朝廷から恐れられていた。
- And a theory says that the Imperial Court called those who forced war against the Imperial Court 'oni' (a demon) or 'tsuchigumo' from ancient times, and that the court despised - and feared - them.
- 洋食屋では薄切りの牛肉とたまねぎを炒めてトマトピューレまたはトマトケチャップで和え、ドミグラスソースで軽く煮込んで作る事が多い。
- It is common for Western-style cuisine restaurants to prepare the dish by stir-frying thin pieces of beef and chopped onion with tomato puree or tomato ketchup and slightly stewing it with a demi-glace sauce.
- この頃の学習院は三条実美を中心とする攘夷派公卿の政策決定の場となっており、格式も高く足軽身分の国臣としては相当な大抜擢であった。
- At this time, the Gakushuin was the a prestigious place for the decision-making of court nobles loyal to the Emperor, headed by Sanetomi SANJO, therefore this was an exceptional promotion for Kuniomi, who had come from humble beginnings as an ashigaru.
- 氷川清話によると、「あれはあれだけの男で、ずいぶん軽はずみの、ちょこちょこした男だった。が、時勢に駆られて」云々とけなしている。
- According to Hikawa SEIWA, Kaishu disparaged Shozan such as 'He was just as people said he was, a very thoughtless and restless man, but he was helped by the age he lived in.'
- 合計…侍35人、奉公人112人、足軽141人、中間5人、人夫39人、口取22人(計354人) 乗馬32頭、駄馬22頭(計54頭)
- In total, there were 35 samurai, 112 servants, 141 foot soldiers, 5 chugen, 39 laborers, 22 kuchitori (total of 354), 32 cavalry horses and 22 packhorses (total of 54 horses).
- 大倭根子日子國玖琉命(おほやまとねこひこくにくるのもこと)、軽の境原宮に坐してまして、天の下治(し)らしめしき(奈良県高市郡)。
- Oyamatonekohikokunikuru no mikoto settled in the palace of Sakaihara at Karu, and governed the country (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture).
- 「喧嘩両成敗」の概念は要するに捜査の価値もない禄高の低い軽輩者の喧嘩をおさめ、捜査の手間暇を省くために適用されることが多かった。
- The concept of 'Kenka Ryoseibai' was widely used to deal with disputes among people of low rank with little salary in order to cut down on time and effort on the investigations.
- しかし、これは彼らが朝廷を軽視していたというよりも鐚銭ばかりが流通していて権力者でさえ良質な銭貨が入手困難であった事を示している。
- So many akusen circulated that even powerful persons could hardly obtain good quality coins, and Yoshihide was forced to disrespect the Imperial court.
- 鎌倉時代中期頃まで、騎馬武者による個人戦を原則としたことから、足軽は従者や運搬などの兵站や土木作業に従事させられることが多かった。
- Until the mid-Kamakura period, the general practice of one-to-one combat between mounted warriors meant that it was often the case that ashigaru were engaged as servants and porters in fields such as logistics and construction.
- 折からそこへ高師直の家臣でかねてよりお軽に横恋慕をしている鷺坂伴内が手勢(花四天)を引きつれて登場し、お軽をさらってゆこうとする。
- Then Bannai SAGISAKA, retainer of Ko no Moronao, appears with his followers (called 'hanayoten'), besotted with Okaru, and tries to kidnap her.
- 正倉院御物の「弾弓散楽図」などから推測される限りでは、軽業や手品、物真似、曲芸、歌舞音曲など様々な芸能が含まれていたものとされる。
- What we can guess from 'Dankyu Sangaku zu,' one of the Shoso-in gyobutsu (Shoso-in Treasures), is that various arts such as acrobatics, the conjuring of tricks, mimicry, stunts, dance and music, etc., were included in Sangaku.
- 兵役除隊後、前垂れが陰部を隠し、軽くて清々しいとの使用感や、着脱が容易で布の使用が少ない経済性もあり、若者を中心に全国に普及した。
- After getting discharged from the military service, the adult males, mainly the younger ones, they brought back the fundoshi and made it popularized throughout Japan, as its maedare (front apron) concealed the private parts, it felt light and refreshing in use, it was easy to put on and take off, and it was economical becausethe length of cloth it needed was shorter than the one for the previous style of loincloth.
- 満、再び鹿児島に遊び、雪蓬に見えて、其書を返しゝに、雪蓬大に喜び、更に『王陽明全集』を出して之に贈り、却て其軽忽を謝したりと云ふ。
- Mitsuru visited Kagoshima again and went to see Seppo to return the book; then Seppo was delighted and took out his 'Wang Yangming Collection' to give Mitsuru, besides, Seppo apologized for his irrational behavior.
- 江戸では姫路藩主酒井家から扶持(ふち)を得、また、津軽氏や豪商の三井家、住友家、冬木家(江戸深川の豪商)などともつながりがあった。
- In Edo, he received assistance from the Sakai family, head of the Himeji clan, and also had a connection to the Tsugaru clan, as well as wealthy merchants such as Mitsui, Sumitomo and Fuyuki (merchant in Edo, Fukagawa) families.
- 織田軍の足軽が道を行き交う女性に絡んでいるのを見かけた信長が、京都の治安を乱す行為をしたとして自身で手討ちにしたという挿話もある。
- There is an episode about when Nobunaga saw a foot soldier from the Oda army hassle women on a road, he killed that soldier himself because he broke the peace in Kyoto.
- なお、銅鐸を「鳴らす」段階にあってはこの内面突帯の摩滅を軽減するため、この内面突帯を二本に増やした物が銅鐸の発達と共に増えていく。
- Since creating a rising, belt-like pattern inside a dotaku reduced the abrasion caused when it was rung, the use of two lines forming rising patterns became an increasingly common style as development of the dotaku continued.
- しかし日本統治時代後半になると道路網の整備も一定の成果があると、鉄道と自動車輸送の競争が生じ多くの軽便鉄道がバス輸送に代替された。
- Toward the later days of Japanese rule, the development of highways caused competition between the railroad and motor transportation and many light railway lines were replaced with bus service.
- 諸藩には「上士・徒士(かち)・卒または足軽」と藩士を3階級に分ける制が見られるが、このうち上層2身分(騎士と徒士)が士分とされる。
- In some domains, retainers were classified into 3 classes, 'Joshi, Kachi, Sotsu or Ashigaru,' but the top two classes (Kishi and Kachi) were considered Shibun.
- また、同時代に起きた延久蝦夷合戦にて、津軽半島や下北半島までの本州全土が朝廷の支配下に入る等、地方にも着実に影響を及ぼすようになる。
- Additionally, the battle against Ezo (the name used at that time to refer to the lands located to the north of Japan), which occurred during the same period, brought the whole of Honshu (the main island), including the Tsugaru and Shimokita peninsulas, under the control of the Imperial Court, and this had a significant impact on local areas throughout the island.
- ただ、一概に藩士といっても、上士から下士まであり、また、厳密には武士以外にも足軽や中間といったいわゆる士分格ではない者も含まれてる。
- However Hanshi include all samurai ranging from Joshi (superior warriors) to Kashi (non-commissioned officers), and in a narrow sense, they also include those without samurai status such as ashigaru (common foot soldiers) and chugen (a rank below common soldiers).
- その勢力は津軽海峡を跨いで蝦夷地に及び、蠣崎氏ら蝦夷島南部の渡党(一般的には和人勢力とされているが疑問も呈されている)を被官とした。
- The influence of the clan extended even to Ezo crossing over the Tsugaru Straits, and the clan appointed Watari-to (the group of immigrants) settled in the south part of Ezogashima Islands (generally they are said to have come from the mainland, but there are different theories) as its hikan (low-level bureaucrat).
- そのため、濃口醤油の品質に対する要求が厳しくなった結果、香りが高く、淡色かつ赤い色合いで、癖のない軽い風合いが好まれるようになった。
- This enhanced the requirement for the quality of koikuchi soy-sauce, thus, soy-sauce with light reddish color with excellent flavor and light texture became popular.
- 江戸時代も中期に入ると出版が盛んになり、町人にも源氏物語や伊勢物語などの文学作品に親しむものが増えたため、軽妙洒脱なものが喜ばれた。
- During the middle of the Edo period, as the publication of the uta-e gained momentum, an increasing number of people, including the common people, came to enjoy reading literary works like 'Genji Monogatari (The Tale of Genji)' and 'Ise Monogatari (The Tales of Ise)' and also enjoy light and refreshing works.
- また、北海道と本州の間の津軽海峡では太平洋と、九州と対馬島の間の対馬海峡東水道、対馬島と韓国の間の朝鮮海峡で東シナ海と繋がっている。
- The Sea of Japan is also connected to the Pacific Ocean through the Tsugaru Strait between Hokkaido and Honshu while it is connected to the East China Sea through the Eastern Channel of the Tsushima Strait between Kyushu and Tsushima Island as well as through the Korea Strait between Tsushima Island and South Korea.
- お軽は短気をおこさずともかくも自分の在所までいっしょに落ちのびてくれ、あなたを亭主として充分暮しのたつようにしてみせるとかき口説く。
- Okaru implores him not to be so impatient and explains that she will be able to support them both and treat him as her husband once they manage to reach her family home.
- また、超然主義に対しても行き過ぎた議会軽視であると批判的であり、法制局長官としては議会に有利な判断を下すことも多かったとされている。
- It is said that he also criticized the doctrine of superiority due to its excessive disrespect for the parliament, and he made a lot of judgments in favor of the parliament for his position, Director General of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau.
- この将軍職相続に義持の猶子となっていた持氏は不満を持ち、新将軍の義教を『還俗将軍』と軽んじ、義教の将軍襲職祝いの使者を送らなかった。
- Mochiuji who was an adopted child of Yoshimochi was not satisfied with the result and called new Shogun Yoshinori 'shogun returned to secular life' and did not even send an envoy to celebrate Yoshinori's inauguration.
- ポルノでも文芸映画でもSFでも一様に高水準に仕上げる技術は日本映画でも貴重であるが、あえていえばタッチの軽快さ、明るさが特徴である。
- The highly skilled techniques used in pornography, art and literary, and science fiction films are special among Japanese films, but have characteristics of being lighthearted and having a cheerful atmosphere.
- また民間企業による鉄道建設も進み、糖業鉄道、塩業鉄道、鉱業鉄道などが軽便鉄道として台湾各地を網羅し台湾における交通の要となっていた。
- The private railways were also constructed and the Taiwan Sugar Railways, Salt Railways, Mining Railways, as light railways, extended throughout Taiwan, playing the vital role for the transportation in Taiwan.
- また18世紀に入ると日本は飢饉が頻発するようになり、天保の大飢饉になると藩によっては収穫ゼロ(津軽藩など)の所も出てくるようになる。
- In the 18th century, famines were frequent in Japan, and after the Tenpo Famine, some domains were unable to yield any crops at all (Tsugaru Domain and so on).
- 例えば、初代露の五郎兵衛による『軽口露がはなし』(1691年、元禄4年)に記載された88話中、28話が『醒睡笑』に由来する噺である。
- For example, of 88 stories written in 'Comic Storytelling of Tsuyu' (1691) by TSUYU no Gorobe I, 28 stories were based on Seisuisho.
- アイラ島・モルトのようなスモーキーで泥炭の香りの強いものからストラスペイ (スコットランド)・モルトのような軽く繊細なものまでである。
- Such malts range from the one like Islay malt that has a smoky and strong flavor of peat to the one like Strathpay (Scotland) malt that has a light and delicate flavor.
- 「天保時の侠客や唐犬権兵衛などでは、同じ親分でも親指を人差し指の腹につけ、軽く手を握った形で、膝の傍へその手をつくように挨拶します。」
- When a boss such as kyokaku in the Tenpo era or TOKEN Gonbei have to bow on tatami-matto, they curl their fingers up softly with your thumb attached to the cushion of your index finger and then, they hang down the head, putting the both fists on the knee.'
- 諸藩においては、大名家直属の足軽は足軽組に編入され、平時は各所の番人や各種の雑用それに「物書き足軽」と呼ばれる下級事務員に用いられた。
- The ashigaru under the direct control of daimyo within the various domains were organized into units and during peacetime were used as low-level clerks known as 'monokaki-ashigaru' who served as watchmen and carried out miscellaneous duties.
- 「発端」、「煮売屋」、「七度狐」、「軽業」、「三人旅」、「運つく酒」、「矢橋舟」、「宿屋町」「こぶ弁慶」、「三十石」などで構成される。
- It consists of 'Introduction,' 'Easting Place,' 'Spiteful Fox,' 'Acrobatics,' 'Three Travellers,' 'Lucky Sake,' 'On the Boat,' 'Tavern Town,' 'Lump on Benkei's Face,' 'On the Ferry Boat.'
- 軽くて扇部がへたらない構造として、竹または蒲葵(びろう)や芭蕉の骨と紙を素材とする「現在のかたち」の原型となったのは室町時代末である。
- It was the end of the Muromachi period when the model of 'Current type' of Uchiwa fan was established by using bamboo-made frame and paper made from areca nut palm or Japanese banana, aimed at lightening the structure with a strong fan part.
- 特に頭肉(かしらにく)を利用したものが主流で、軽く塩焼きしたものを10種類以上の香辛料をブレンドしたピリ辛味噌だれで食べるのが一般的。
- The major ones use head meat in particular, and generally, yakitori lightly grilled with salt is eaten with spicy misodare (miso-based marinade) that blends more than 10 kinds of spices.
- 当初は、現在のファーストフードのような小腹を満たす食事であり、その後も軽食といった位置づけが完全に抜けることはないままに推移している。
- Soba was initially a quick light meal similar to present day fast food which has essentially remained the status of soba to date.
- 本来郷土料理である為、イクラの盛り方に各家庭で若干のちがいがある(「生のまま」・「軽く湯がく場合」・「表面が白くなる程度まで加熱」)。
- Since it is originally a local dish, the manner of topping salmon roe may be slightly different depending on the household ('served raw', 'lightly boiled', 'cooked until the surface turns white').
- 貴族らは文官統治を維持するために軍事を軽く見る傾向にあり、また、隆家は道長の政敵であった伊周の弟でもあり、道長に追従したためでもある。
- Court nobles, who represented civilian rule, were likely to underestimate the importance of military affairs and they also tried to flatter Michinaga by downgrading Takaie, who was a younger brother of Korechika, Michinaga's political enemy.
- 地子交易(じしこうえき)とは、律令制において国司が公田から得た地子稲を中央に上供する際に運搬に便利なように軽貨に交換(売買)すること。
- Jishi Koeki refers to the exchange (buying and selling) of rice as a land tax that was collected from koden (fields administered directly by a ruler) by a provincial governor under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code); rice was exchanged for light commodities that were easier to carry and submit to the central government.
- 古代において津軽海峡は蝦夷国(『新唐書』における、「都加留(つがる)」、「麁蝦夷(あらえみし)」、「熟蝦夷(にきえみし)」)にあった。
- In ancient times, the Tsugaru Straits were located around Ezo (the Early Modern Japanese to describe the island of Hokkaido and the people who lived there) (it refers to `Tsugaru,' `Ara-Emishi,' `Niki-Emishi' in 'Shin To-jo' (New Book of Tang).
- 地割や惣作の際に生じた余剰地や地主が小作人に恩恵として無償もしくは軽負担で預けた土地、村が所有した林野(村持林野)などを預地と呼んだ。
- Originally, 'azukarichi' referred to shared land or land remaining after allocation had been made, to land that the land owner entrusted as a favor to its kosakunin (tenant farmers) free of charge (or for a small fee) or to forest area land owned by villages.
- 『日本書紀』では、情を通じた後の允恭24年に軽大娘皇女が伊予へ流刑となり、允恭天皇が崩御した允恭42年に穴穂皇子によって討たれたとある。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), it is Karu no oiratsume who was deported to Iyo Province in A.D. 435 after the incestuous affair with Kinashi no karu no miko, and he was forced to death by Anaho no miko in A.D. 453, the year when Emperor Ingyo demised.
- その後、鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代を通し津軽十三湊を本拠地とし栄えたと言われるが、十三湊を支配した時期については諸説あり確定していない。
- Afterwards, the Ando clan is said to have been prosperous placing its home base in Tosaminato, Tsugaru Province through the time from the late Kamakura period to the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts, however, the period of time in which the clan was dominating Tosaminato can not be precisely determined because of various estimates.
- 作者は不明ながら、人物の表情や躍動感を軽妙な筆致で描いた絵巻の一大傑作であり、『鳥獣人物戯画』とともに、日本の漫画文化のルーツとされる。
- Although the authorship is unclear, this is a masterpiece of emaki, depicting people's faces and dynamic movements in a light and easy style, and along with 'Choju Jinbutsu Giga,' it is considered to be an origin of Japanese manga culture.
- 本来は課役負担者の確保が趣旨であったが、平安時代に入ると陰首・括出は地方より税負担の軽い畿内に移住するための法の抜け穴として利用された。
- The purpose of the regulation was originally to secure tax payers, but during the early Heian period, onshu and kasshutsu were used as a legal loophole to migrate to the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) where the tax burden was lighter than in other provinces.
- 地租軽減問題や行政整理では伊藤内閣と自由党も対立関係にあったことから、政局は伊藤内閣・自由党・硬六派による三つ巴の対立構図が形成された。
- As the Ito cabinet and the Liberal Party disagreed over land tax cuts and government reform issues, three-cornered confrontation among the Ito cabinet, the Jiyuto, and the Ko Roppa formed within the politics.
- また、依網池(よさみのいけ、大阪市住吉区)や軽(奈良県高市郡)の酒折(さかをり)池などの池溝を開いて、大いに農業の便を図ったと伝えられる。
- In addition, he was responsible for the digging of ponds such as Yosami-no-Ike Pond (Sumiyoshi Ward, Osaka Prefecture) and Sakawori-no-Ike Pond in Karu (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture), and is reputed to have made numerous contributions to agriculture.
- しかし、同母妹である軽大娘皇女(かるのおおいらつめ)と情を通じた(近親相姦)それが原因となって允恭天皇の崩御後に失脚、伊予の国へ流される。
- But he had an (incestuous) affair with his younger sister-uterine Karu no oiratsume and as a result, he was overthrown after the demise of Emperor Ingyo, and was deported to Iyo Province.
- 穴穂皇子が率いる兵に包囲され、大前宿禰の計らいで戦は避けられたが、軽皇子は自裁した(尚、『古事記』では道後温泉に流罪となったと記される)。
- Although Karu no Miko was beleaguered by the soldiers led by Anaho no Miko, the battle was avoided at the discretion of Omae no Sukune, and Karu no Miko killed himself (but, according to ''Kojiki'' [literally, the Records of Ancient Matters], Karu no Miko was exiled to Dogo-onsen).
- 具の工夫次第で容易、かつ手軽に作れるため家庭でも作られ、雛祭りなどのごちそう、あるいは祭などハレとケの日の手作り料理として親しまれている。
- With a little imagination concerning ingredients, one can make chirashizushi easily and conveniently at home, and because of this it has become a popular family dish prepared during ordinary times and on special occasions such as Hinamatsuri (Girl's Festival held on March 3) and various other festivals.
- そのため、北海道の中でも比較的温暖な道南(函館など)と、本州の北端に位置する青森県下北・津軽地方とでは、気象学上の夏の長さが極端に異なる。
- Therefore, the length of meteorological summer is extremely different between the southern part of Hokkaido (Hakodate and so on) which has comparatively warm climate and Shimokita and Tsugaru regions of Aomori Prefecture which are on the northern end of Honshu.
- その事もあってか、秀吉が足軽時代から夫婦共に親しく、天正二年(1574年)には子供のなかった秀吉夫婦に四女の豪姫を授ける程の関係であった。
- Perhaps because of that, both the husbands and wives were so friendly from the time Hideyoshi was an ashigaru (common foot soldier), that in 1574 Toshiie and his wife handed over their fourth daughter Gohime to Hideyoshi and his wife who had had no children yet.
- 読史余論の中で、政治面での功績には一定の評価を与えつつも、頼朝の行動は朝廷を軽んじ己を利するものであるとし、総じて否定的な評価をしている。
- In Tokushi Yoron (Lessons from History), Hakuseki ARAI appraised Yoritomo's political side, and negatively evaluated Yoritomo's actions that benefited him personally while paying little respect to the Imperial Court.
- しかしながら、東北・上越新幹線用の新幹線200系電車からは耐雪装備による重量増加を抑えるためアルミニウム合金が用いられて軽量化が図られた。
- However, from the 200 series Shinkansen train-cars for the Tohoku and Joetsu Shinkansen line, aluminum alloy was used to make the bodies lighter, so than the body weight did not increase significantly even with snow-combating equipment added.
- 御庭番出身の者が出世すれば当然に軽輩の職務である御庭番からは離れることになるがその子が新たに幕府に出仕するときは御庭番となる定めであった。
- When an oniwaban got a promotion, he naturally resigned the position of oniwaban which was for the lower-class retainers, however when his child stared working for the bakufu, the first position of this child had to be the oniwaban.
- 流通は90年以上に亘る長期間であったため、折れ、欠け、磨耗による軽目金が次第に多くなり、このようなものは金座で足し金を行い修理が行われた。
- The Karumekin which was broken, chipped and chafed were increasing, having been circulated more than 90 years, and such Koban was mended in kin-za (an organization in charge of casting and appraising of gold during the Edo period) by adding gold.
- 室町時代に、和歌の連歌の表現を滑稽・洒脱にして、より気軽に楽しめるようにした文芸が、「俳諧連歌」、もしくは「俳諧の連歌」と呼ばれ、栄えた。
- The form of literature in which expressions in renga (linked verse) were made more humorous and sophisticated in order to enjoy them readily was called 'haikai renga' or 'haikai no renga,' and it flourished.
- 岩倉は襲撃者の攻撃により、眉の下と左腰に軽い負傷はしたものの、皇居の四ッ谷濠へ転落し、襲撃者達が岩倉の姿を見失ったため、一命を取り留めた。
- Iwakura was slightly injured below eyebrow and left hip by the attack, but survived because he fell off to Yotsuyago (a moat in Yotsuya) of the Imperial Palace, and the assailants lost the sight of him.
- 験(げん)を担いで、または鉄火という言葉を掛けた洒落として、博打の合間には、手軽に食べられる簡易食の、「鉄火巻」が好まれたという逸話もある。
- There is an anecdote that uses a word play, in which tekka-maki (literally means rolled tekka or tuna sushi roll) was a preferred food for good luck because it could be eaten as a simple meal between gambling matches.
- 出生地には、摂津国(大阪府茨木市水尾、または兵庫県尼崎市富松)という説と、越後国(新潟県旧栃尾市、現在の長岡市の軽井沢集落)という説がある。
- There are two theories about his birthplace: one claims he was born in Settsu Province (either in modern-day Mizuo, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture, or in Tomimatsu, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture), while the other holds that he was born in Echigo Province (specifically in the town of Karuizawa, which is located in Nagaoka City--formerly known as Tochio--in modern-day Niigata Prefecture).
- その為軽装備であり、その機動力を活かして馬を止めること無く前進、後退、右、左へと絶え間なく俊敏に動き回りながら弓矢で敵を攻撃する戦術をとる。
- Therefore, the soldiers were lightly outfitted and it make it easy for them to move, and they were able to constantly move forward, backward, to the right and left without stopping the horse to attack the enemy with the bows.
- また東南アジアのビーチリゾートでは海水浴客が裸で寝そべっているので、タオルとオイルを持って全身マッサージを勧めるといった手軽な商売でもある。
- Additionally, in beach resorts in Southeast Asia, some beachgoers lay almost naked, so it is a simple business offering a full-body massage using a towel and oil.
- 台湾では、早朝から粥、麺類、魯肉飯、米加工品、サンドイッチ、フレンチトースト、おにぎりなどの軽食と豆乳、牛乳、コーヒーなどを売る屋台がある。
- In Taiwan, street stalls open for business in the early morning, and sell items such as: rice porridge, noodles, LuRo Fans, food made from rice, sandwiches, French toast, rice balls, other light meals, soymilk, milk, and coffee.
- 嫡男信建が京で病に倒れた際、津軽にいた為信は、自身も病に陥っていたにもかかわらず、信枚を伴って京まで見舞いに訪れ、そのまま同地で没している。
- When his legitimate son Nobutake fell ill in Kyoto, Tamenobu, in spite of his own illness, visited Nobutake from Tsugaru to Kyoto accompanied by Nobuhiro, and died there.
- 1893年(明治26年)12月12日 - 尼ヶ崎~池田間(8マイル35チェーン (単位)≒13.58km)を軌間762mmの軽便鉄道に改築。
- December 12, 1893: The track gauge was set to 762mm for light railway in the section between Amagasaki and Ikeda (8 miles and 35 chains (unit) ≒ 13.58km).
- 前後の状況証拠から、軽皇子が真の首謀者であり、皇極の退位・孝徳の即位という日本初の譲位を断行するために蘇我氏を倒したとする説(遠山美都男)。
- The theory states that from the circumstance evidence Prince Karu was the true ringleader and killed the Soga clan in order to carry out the Japanese first abdication; Kogyoku stepping down from the throne and Kotoku ascending the throne (suggested by Mitsuo TOYAMA).
- 江戸時代には法的にはたびたび禁じられたが、武士は市中の犯罪者について不分明なため、捜査の必要上、比較的軽い犯罪者が情報収集のために使われた。
- Okappiki were often prohibited by law in the Edo period, but Samurai did not know much about criminals in towns, so from the need for investigation, relative petty criminals were hired to collect information.
- 阿倍は一つの場所に秋田郡・渟代二郡の蝦夷241人とその虜31人、津軽郡の蝦夷112人とその虜4人、胆振国の蝦夷20人を集めて饗応し禄を与える。
- ABE gathered 241 Ezo people from Akita County and the two Nushiro counties and their 31 slaves, 112 Ezo people from Tsugaru County and their four slaves as well as 20 Ezo people from Iburi Province all in once place and entertained them and gave them salaries.
- 桜井皇子(欽明天皇の皇子)の女・吉備姫王(きびひめのみこ、吉備島皇祖母命)を妃とし、宝女王(皇極天皇, 斉明天皇)・軽王(孝徳天皇)を儲けた。
- He married a daughter of the Prince Sakurai (Prince of the Emperor Kinmei), Kibihime no miko and had Takara hime (the Empress Kogyoku and the Emperor Saimei) and Karu no miko (Emperor Kotoku) as children.
- しかし、男は銃を所持している勘平を山賊だと思い込み、「俺はその手(軽く話しかけておいて、油断させる手口)は食わない、あっちに行け」と追いやる。
- The man thinks that Kanpei is a bandit because Kanpei has a gun, and he shoos him off saying, 'I will not be deceived by such a trick (a trick to put a person off guard by speaking to him light-heartedly), go away.'
- 軽皇子(後の孝徳天皇)の代理粟田細目や蘇我蝦夷の代理大伴長徳らより先に誄を述べられていることから、当時の大派皇子の地位が高かったことが分かる。
- Since Takuta gave the shinobigoto before AWATA no Hosome, substitute for Prince Karu and OTOMO no Nagatoko, substitute for SOGA no Iruka, Prince Oha's status was high.
- 当初は足軽の主力であり、前線において長槍(当初は長さ二間、その後二間半から三間へと至る)を用いて足軽同士で突き、叩き合う攻撃任務を担っていた。
- At the beginning, they were the principal power of the foot soldiers, and their task was to attack the enemy foot soldiers with nagayari (at the beginning, they were two ken in length, then they later changed to two-and-a-half ken to three ken) by jabbing and hitting.
- 散楽(さんがく)は、日本の奈良時代に大陸から移入された、物真似や軽業・曲芸、奇術、幻術、人形まわし、日本舞踊など、娯楽的要素の濃い芸能の総称。
- Sangaku, which was imported from the Asian continent into Japan in the Nara period, is the collective name of various amusement arts including, but not limited to, mimicry, acrobatics/stunt, trick, magic, puppet show and Japanese dancing.
- 基本的に様々な種類の餡を中に詰め込んで作ることはできるが、もみじ饅頭など鉄板で焼くものについては手軽に中身を入れられることから特に種類が多い。
- Basically, a wide variety of fillings can be contained in the manju, and manju baked on an iron-cast pan such as Momiji manju has many varieties in particular because it is easy to stuff manju with filling.
- 伝来当時の日本人は、鼻音の前に軽い鼻音を重ねていた(現在も東北方言などにその名残りがある)ため、meを/mme/(ンメ)のように発音していた。
- Japanese pronounciation at that time of introduction inserted a light nasal sound before n and m, (this vestige still remains in the Tohoku dialect today), and they pronounced mei as nme.
- 日本では屋台は祭りの軽食や、あるいは夜の簡易酒場といった位置づけになりがちなのに対し、東南アジアでは屋台は庶民の生活により密着した存在である。
- Japanese people tend to subcategorize street stalls in Japan as a light meal for festivals, or a simple night time bar; but street stalls in Southeast Asia are businesses which are more closely intertwined with the daily lives of common people.
- こうして軽重哀楽を様々に幅広く表現することのできる楽器となり、江戸時代に入るとすぐ、石村検校らにより最初の三味線音楽種目である地歌が生まれる。
- In this way shamisen acquired a versatility of expression as an instrument to play a wide range of melodies: light and heavy, sad and merry; and jiuta, the first item of shamisen music, was born by Kengyo ISHIMURA and others at the very beginning of the Edo period.
- 1333年(元弘3年)、名越時如、安達高景等が、新田義貞等により陥落した鎌倉から津軽に落ち延びてくると、大光寺城に籠城し大光寺合戦が起こった。
- In 1333, when Tokiyuki NAGOSHI,Takakage ADACHI and others escaped to Tsugaru from Kamakura that fell to Yoshisada NITTA, his troops confined themselves inside the castle and the Battle of Daikoji-Temple erupted.
- 同じく軽輩から側用人として権力をのぼりつめた柳沢吉保や間部詮房が、辞任のみで処罰は無く家禄も維持し続けたことに比べると最も苛烈な末路となった。
- This was very severe punishment: Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA and Akifusa MANABE, who, like Okitsugu, had been promoted from a low rank official to a shogunate chamberlain (sobayonin), were only resigned without punishment and were allowed to keep their fiefs.
- 流線型の軽量・低重心な車体は冷暖房完備で、空気バネ台車も装備し、スピードと快適な乗り心地を両立させて、動力集中方式の客車列車を完全に凌駕した。
- This streamline-shaped light and low-center-of-gravity train-cars were fully air-conditioned, equipped with air spring bases, and enabled both speed and passengers' comfort to be met at the same time, completely surpassing passenger trains in the concentrated traction system.
- 2ヶ月ほどで帰郷し通常脱藩は死罪であったが、新平の見識を高く評価した藩主・鍋島直正の直截裁断により永蟄居(無期謹慎)に罪を軽減されたとされる。
- He returned home after two months and although it was a capital offence to leave one's domain, the domain lord Naomasa NABESHIMA highly regarded Shinpei's views and reduced his punishment to indefinite house arrest via his own direct judgement.
- 無宿には、江戸時代は連座の制度があったため、その累が及ぶことを恐れた親族から不行跡を理由に勘当された町人、軽罪を犯して追放刑を受けた者もいた。
- Since guilt-by-association system was taken in the Edo period, some mushuku were townspeople who had been disowned by his family because of his misconduct for fear of being involved in, and people who had been transported due to misdemeanor.
- 人足寄場(にんそくよせば)、正式名称火付盗賊改方人足寄場(かやくがたにんそくよせば)とは江戸幕府の設置した軽罪人・虞犯者の自立支援施設である。
- Ninsokuyoseba, Hitsuke Tozoku Aratame-kata Ninsokuyoseba by formal name, was a self-support facility set up by the Edo Shogunate for minor offenders and those who are likely to commit crimes.
- 農民5名が「暴動首魁ノ所為」、雲龍寺住職1名が「暴動教唆ノ所為」、農民17名が「扇動の所為」で、それぞれ重罪、残りの28名は軽罪で起訴された。
- Five peasants were charged with collective rioting and Unryu-ji Temple's chief priest was charged with masterminding a riot and seventeen peasants were charged with fomenting a riot, and the rest of twenty-eight peasants were charged with a minor offense.
- 『古事記』には、允恭天皇皇女の軽大娘皇女(かるのおおいらつめ)の別名とし、同母兄である木梨軽皇子(かるのひつぎのみこ)と情を通じるタブーを犯す。
- According to the 'Kojiki,' 'Sotoorihime' was another name of Karu no oiratsume who was a princess of Emperor Ingyo, and she broke a taboo by having an affair with Karu no hitsugi no miko who was her older brother-uterine.
- 万葉歌人としても万葉集巻1雑歌28に藤原宮御宇天皇代(高天原廣野姫天皇 元年丁亥11年譲位軽太子尊号曰太上天皇)天皇御製歌として名を留めている。
- Her tanka (31 syllables' poem) appears in Manyoshu volume one as the 28th zoka (poems other than love poems and elegies), and her name is referred to as the Empress at Fujiwara Palace (Takamanohara Hirono Hime no Sumeramikoto; who started ruling in 686 for 11 years, abdicated the throne to Karu no Hitsugi no miko [Emperor Monmu] and became a Daijo Tenno [the retired empress]).
- 領主側から見れば、自らが年貢徴収を行う場合と比べて、凶作時のリスクを回避し、また徴収に係るコストを軽減することができ、大きな利点があると言えた。
- From the viewpoint of the feudal lords, the jigeuke had much greater advantages than collecting nengu by themselves because it enabled them to avoid the risk of a poor harvest as well as to reduce the cost of collecting the nengu.
- その中で東軍配下の足軽骨皮道賢が後方攪乱などのゲリラ戦を試みたが、所詮、盗賊や凶悪人を多く含んだ集団に過ぎず、戦局を打開することは出来なかった。
- Meanwhile, ashigaru (common foot soldier) Doken HONEKAWA of the Eastern camp attempted guerrilla tactics such as harassing the rear, but after all his corps, nothing more than rabble comprising of many thieves and vicious criminals, was unable to break through the stalemate.
- またさらに完成度を高めた弓として、トルコ民族はさらに軽量・コンパクトな弓を用い、矢は両端が細く中央部に膨らみを持たせた造りにして飛翔力を高めた。
- The Turks used lighter and smaller bows completed to a higher quality, and the bow has thin top and bottom ends with a fat body in the centre so that the bow would fly better.
- 当初の「煎茶」は文字通り「煎じる茶」の意味で、茶葉を湯で煮出すことによって成分を抽出するため今日のように急須で手軽に淹れられるものではなかった。
- Initially, the term 'sencha' literally meant 'tea for decoction,' with which the tea was prepared through the extraction of ingredients by decocting tea leaves in hot water, so that preparation for drinking tea wasn't as easy as today's method of using a kyusu (a small teapot).
- 室町時代に軽工業の発達から生活道具が大量に出回り、臼や釜や鍋などから、桶や壷が、安易に消費されるようになり、これらも九十九神として描かれている。
- As household utensils, such as mortars, pots, pans, tubs and jars, became popular in the Muromachi period thanks to the development of light industry, they were also painted as Tsukumogami.
- また琵琶の音色の持つ渋さや重厚感、劇的表現力などを、本来どちらかといえば軽妙な音色を持つ三味線に加えるために様々な工夫がなされたものと思われる。
- It is believed that various measures were tried for adding biwa's subdued, massive, and dramatic tone to the shamisen, which originally had a rather light tone.
- 宮は婚期を外れた(大君二十五歳、中の君二十三歳。当時の感覚では「若い」とは言えない)娘達を、自分の死後軽んじられるような立場にはすまいと苦慮した
- He racked his brains not to make his princesses, who had missed the chance to get married (at that time, Oigimi was twenty-five years old and Naka no Kimi was twenty-three, both of which were no longer regarded as 'young' following the common wisdom in those days), treated as of little account after he died.
- 運搬は、現代では背中に背負って電車などの公共交通機関を利用したり、自転車やオートバイやリヤカー、あるいは軽トラックなどの自動車を使うことが多い。
- In these days, the people carrying their products on their back often use public transportation including trains, bicycles, motorbikes, two-wheeled carts, or cars including small trucks for transport of products.
- 「○○大将」「○○奉行」「組頭」「番頭」「物頭」(○○には士、侍、足軽、鉄砲、槍、弓等が入る)…備の指揮官やその指揮下にある各部隊の指揮官を指す。
- Such and such daisho' (general), 'such and such bugyo,' 'kumigashira' (captain), 'ban gashira' (head of a group) 'mono gashira' (military commander) ('such and such' is replaced by samurai, samurai, ashigaru, teppo, yari, yumi, and so on) refer to commanders of the sonae or the captains of various troops under the commanders.
- また新道の江文バイパスは原動機付自転車および軽車両は通行不可なので、こちらの旧道へ迂回する必要があり、その点でも旧道としては交通量の多い峠である。
- Since the new Ebumi Bypass is banned for motorbikes and light vehicles, and those vehicles take detour to the old road, the pass has a lot of traffic for an old road.
- こうした反平氏の動きの背景には、平氏が現地勢力を軽視して自らの家人や係累を優先して平氏知行国や平氏所領の支配に当たらせていたことへの反発があった。
- The background for anti-Taira movements was because there was animosity towards the Taira clan, who gave precedence to their own vassals and related persons while preventing local forces from ruling Taira clan governed provinces and property.
- これらの曲の多くは、現在の中国でも古典的な軽音楽としての生命を保っている(ただし歌詞の字句や編曲などは、日本の清楽のものとかなり違うことが多い)。
- Most of these songs keep their vitality as classical popular music even in today's China; the words, the style of arrangement and others are, in many cases, quite different from those of Shingaku in Japan.
- 条約勅許問題や将軍後継問題などで策謀を巡らせたため、安政の大獄において幕府からの厳しい追及を受けたが、観念して自首したために比較的軽い罪になった。
- Since he devised stratagems for the problems on imperial sanction on treaties and the Shogun's successor, he was severely interrogated from the bakufu during Ansei no Taigoku, but because he surrendered voluntarily, the charges against him were relatively light.
- 小回りが利く小型蒸機も国鉄DD16形ディーゼル機関車などに代表される軽量ディーゼル機関車が登場すると、一気に存在価値がなくなってしまったのである。
- Zippy small-size steam locomotives also quickly lost their existing value with the appearance of lightweight diesel locomotives represented by JNR DD16 diesel locomotives.
- 随員には騎馬・徒歩の武士の他、火縄銃、弓 (武器)などの足軽や道具箱や槍持ちなどの中間(人足)、草履取や医師などの大名身辺に仕える者たちが連なる。
- Attendants were consisted of warriors, horse-riding or on foot, ashigaru (common foot soldier) carrying matchlock gun or bow (arm), chugen (a rank below common soldier) (or ninsoku 〔coolie〕) carrying tool box or spear, and people who took care of daimyo such as zoritori (sandal bearer, equivalent to a batman) and doctors.
- 場所は、山頂、海浜、川、そして市など、境界性を帯びた地が多く、常陸筑波山、同童子女松原、肥前杵島岳、摂津歌垣山、大和海石榴市、同軽市などの例がある。
- As for venues for utagaki meetings, well-bounded places were selected such as mountain tops, seashores, riversides, market places, and so on; for example, Mt. Tsukuba in Hitachi Province, Otome no Matsubara park in the same Province, Mt. Kishima-dake in Hizen Province, Mt. Utagaki-yama in Settsu Province, Tsubakichi (also known as Tsubaichi) marketplace in Yamato Province, Karuno-ichi marketplace in the same Province, and so on.
- また軽く弾性もあり飛距離もある事と、矢を番える(つがえる)高さも丈の中間ではなく、下方に出来るよう改良していったので、馬上でも使用出来る様になった。
- In addition, it could be used on horseback because it was light, flexible and had effective long range and because setting an arrow was changed from the middle point to a lower position.
- 武士気質で素朴かつ豪放な芸風で、大名(津軽藩、仙台藩、水戸藩、彦根藩(井伊氏)、紀州藩、広島藩、松山藩、福岡藩、熊本藩(細川氏)等)にも採用された。
- Their performance style was described as 'samurai-fashioned,' 'simple,' and 'dynamic,' and their style was adopted by daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) in many domains such as the Tsugaru Domain, the Sendai Domain, the Mito Domain, the Hikone Domain (the Ii family), the Kishu Domain, the Hiroshima Domain, the Matsuyama Domain, the Fukuoka Domain, and the Kumamoto Domain (the Hosokawa family).
- この傾向が最も激しく起こったのは太平洋戦争後で、一般市民が手軽にペットを飼う(買う)ことができるようになり、外来種が多く日本で飼われるようになった。
- It was after the Pacific War that this trend occurred most eminently, when ordinary citizens were allowed to keep (buy) pets easily and many exotic breeds came to be kept in Japan.
- 外観は時代の流れと共に変化していったが、全体を金属で包んだ重く厚いものから、金属の使用を抑えた軽く薄いものへと移っていったのが、大きな流れと言える。
- The exterior decoration changed over time, majorly from thick and heavy designs all covered with metals to lighter and thinner ones with less metals.
- 萩城下近郊の阿武郡川島村(現・山口県萩市川島)に、長州藩の蔵元付武家奉公人(足軽より低い身分で武士身分ではない)山縣有稔・松子の長男として生まれる。
- He was born in the village of Kawashima in the Abu district, an area neighboring the Hagi Castle (present-day Kawashima, Hagi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture) as the first son of Aritoshi YAMAGATA, a chugen in charge of Kuramoto, the merchant of the daimyo's warehouse, and also a servant of a bushi family (a rank lower than foot soldier but not a bushi rank) and Matsuko YAMAGATA, from the domain of Choshu.
- 1874年の民撰議院設立建白書以降、藩閥政府による政治に対して、議会の開設、地租の軽減、不平等条約の改正、言論と集会の自由の保障などの要求を掲げた。
- The movement began when a petition for the establishment of an elected national assembly was filed in 1874 calling for a Diet, the land-tax reductions, the revision of the unequal treaties, and freedom of speech and assembly in opposition to the han clique-dominated government.
- 藩の構成員(藩士)とは厳密には士分を持つものを指し、拡大解釈した場合でも足軽までを指したのであって、中間、小者は藩の構成員とはみなされていなかった。
- Domain constituents (retainers) strictly indicated those that had Shibun, and even in a wide definition may have included Ashigaru, but Chugen and Komono were never considered retainers.
- 同時期に日本にいた宣教師アレッサンドロ・ヴァリニャーノはコエリョの軽率な行動を厳しく非難しており、コエリョの行動に問題があった事は確かであるようだ。
- Alessandro Valignano, a missionary stayed in Japan during the same period strongly criticized the careless conduct of Coelho, and it seems to be certain that his conduct was really problematic.
- 一方で姫君たちに、軽々しく結婚して宇治を離れ俗世に恥をさらすな、この山里に一生を過ごすのがよいと戒め、宇治の山寺に参籠しに出かけ、そこで亡くなった。
- He also warns his daughters not to marry a man thoughtlessly, leave Uji, and disgrace themselves in public, then he visits a temple on a mountain and passes away there.
- また、諸藩も安定した平和による軍役の負担の軽減により藩政も安定し、また、寛永の大飢饉を背景に、新田開発が進展し、結果として領内の経済も発展してきた。
- Furthermore, the administration of each domain was stabilized due to the reduced burden of military service in the long-lasting peace, and each domain set out the development of new fields in response to the great famine of the Kanei era, which consequently produced economic growth within the domain.
- 天皇自身が、公務等の見直しは在位20周年となる平成21年以降からと希望していたため、平成21年(2009年)1月29日に宮内庁より軽減策が発表された。
- As the Emperor had desired that his official duties and others should be reviewed after 2009, the 20th anniversary of his enthronement, the Imperial Household Agency did not announce the measures to reduce the Emperor's burden until January 29, 2009.
- 日本人の一般的な食習慣では、起床から出勤・登校するまでの気忙しく限られた時間内にとる必要のある朝食は、三食の中で、最も質・量ともに軽い品目で済ませる。
- As a typical Japanese dietary habit, breakfast taken within a busy and limited time after waking up before leaving home for school or work is the lightest meal among three meals in a day in terms of both quality and quantity.
- 「くだらない」「スケールが小さい」「取り扱われかたが軽い」ものなどに対して「刺身のつまにもならない(つけあわせ以下だ)」といった使い方をする事もある。
- There are occasions when tsuma is used in such a way as 'not even tsuma for sashimi' (it is below garnish) to describe 'worthless', 'small-scale', 'casual treatment' and so on.
- そこへ物外がやってきて、「うどんをごちそうしてくれたら上げてやる」といったので雲水たちが約束すると、物外は軽々と鐘を持ち上げて、もとの位置に釣下げた。
- Then Motsugai came there and said, 'if you treat me to udon (Japanese wheat noodle), I'll do it for you,' so the Unsuis promised him to do so, and Motsugai held up the bell easily, hanging it on the place where it had been set.
- 生涯に参加した57回の戦で軽装備であったにもかかわらず、一度も傷を負わなかった本多忠勝に対して、直政は重装備であったが、戦で常に傷を負っていたという。
- Naomasa was always injured in battles despite being heavily-armored, while Tadakatsu HONDA, who wore light armor, was never injured in the 57 battles he joined in his life.
- 延久2年(1070年)、後三条天皇の勅により蝦夷征伐に赴き、清原貞衡(清原真衡)の助勢によって蝦夷らの支配する津軽、下北半島のあたりまで征伐を行った。
- In 1070, he went on conquest of Ezo (northerners) by an imperial order of Emperor Gosanjo, and with help of KIYOHARA no Sadahira, conquered around Tsugaru and Shimokita Peninsula that were under control of Ezo.
- お軽 (おかる、貞享2年(1684年) - 正徳 (日本)3年10月6日 (旧暦)(1713年11月23日))は山科に潜伏していた頃の大石内蔵助の妾。
- Okaru (1684 - November 23, 1713) was a concubine of Kuranosuke OISHI when he was hidden in Yamashina.
- それでも第1回衆議院議員総選挙においては41議席を獲得し(院内会派名としては議員集会所)、民力休養問題では地租軽減を支持して共闘の姿勢は崩さなかった。
- Even so, the party gained 41 seats in the first election for the House of Representatives, and continuously worked together with the Liberal party in favor of reducing land taxes to encourage the private sector.
- 明治5年(1872年)10月、松前藩館県であった渡島国に属する福島郡・津軽郡 (渡島国)・檜山郡・爾志郡の4郡が青森県近代以降の年表から開拓使に移管。
- In October 1872, the control of four counties, Fukushima County, Tsugaru County, Hiyama County and Nishi County, all of which belonged to Oshima Province, were transferred from Date Prefecture of Matsumae Domain to the Development Commission as shown in a chronological table in and after the modern history of Aomori Prefecture.
- 岩倉が軽傷と知ってひとまず安心するが、不平士族による政府高官の襲撃という事態を重く見た大久保は、ただちに警視庁大警視川路利良に早急な犯人捜索を命じた。
- Okubo was relieved to hear Iwakura's injury was slight one, but as he was strongly concerned about the fact the assault was made to a high government official by the Fuheishizoku, he told Toshiyoshi KAWAJI, the Daikeishi (top of the police) to search for the criminals.
- また、カラフルで楽しげな金平糖を配する事により、非常食が必要と成るような災害時に被るであろうストレス (生体)を軽減させる効果が期待されてるためである。
- Additionally, it is expected that the colorful and delightful looking kompeito will have an effect of reducing the stress response that people may suffer in a time of disaster when emergency food is needed.
- 現行の道路交通法では人力車は軽車両の扱いとなるが、自転車とはならないため、自転車道および道路標識によって自転車通行可とされた歩道を通行する事は出来ない。
- Under the current Road Traffic Act, jinrikisha are regarded as light vehicles, rather than bicycles, and therefore cannot use bicycle lanes or sidewalks where signposts permit bicycles.
- また、ブリティッシュ馬術における軽速歩が無いといわれることもあるが、日本でそういわれているだけのことで、Posting Trotといわれる乗り方がある。
- Some Japanese say that in the Western equestrianism there is no correspondence to the rising trot of the British equestrianism, but the Western equestrian performs 'the posting trot' which corresponds to the rising trot.
- 処刑前に具行は高氏の丁重な扱いに感謝の意を述べ、普段は「ばさら」と呼ばれて公家の事を軽侮していた高氏も、具行の態度には感服してその別れを惜しんだと言う。
- Before execution, Tomoyuki expressed his gratitude for Takauji's courteous treatment, thus, Takauji admired him for his attitude so that he reluctantly executed Tomoyuki, even though Takauji disliked court nobles because they looked down on him and calling him 'Basara,' which referred to Japanese aesthetics associated with the challenge of traditional ideals.
- 江戸幕府成立時、徳川氏直参の足軽を全て同心としたため、忍者を祖先とする伊賀同心、甲賀同心、鉄砲組の百人組、郷士の八王子千人同心等、様々な同心職ができた。
- Since all the foot soldiers of the Tokugawa clan's immediate retainers became doshin when the Edo bakufu was established, various sorts of doshin were made; for example, Iga doshin and Koka doshin descended from ninja, a one-hundred matchlock infantry unit, Hachioji thousand doshin of country samurai, and so on.
- それが原因で允恭天皇崩御後、軽太子は群臣に背かれて失脚、伊予国へ流刑となるが、衣通姫もそれを追って伊予に赴き、再会を果たした二人は心中する(衣通姫伝説)。
- As a result, rebelled against by many of his retainers, Karu no hitsugi no miko was overthrown after the demise of Emperor Ingyo and was deported to Iyo Province, where Sotoorihime followed him and the two committed joint suicide (Sotoorihime legend).
- その背景には、前世代の重厚長大への反動として、何につけても軽薄短小を好み、ポスト・モダンなどといったことをもてはやす、バブル経済前後の時代の空気があった。
- Behind this was the atmosphere around the period of the bubble economy which favored anything light, thin, short and small and something like post modern with the rebound of anything heavy, thick, long and large in previous generation.
- 酒粕はそのままで食べることができるが、直火で焼くと風味が引き立ち、砂糖をまぶせば女性や子供向きになる(電子レンジ等で軽く加熱するだけでも風味が引き立つ)。
- Sakekasu can be eaten as it is, but the flavor is brought out when it is grilled over an open flame, and it can be made to appeal to women and children by sprinkling sugar on it (its flavor can be brought out by simply heating it gently in a microwave).
- 訪問着であっても趣味的な軽い柄付けのものより、古典柄で柄置きがされた付け下げが格が上とみなされることもあり、訪問着と付け下げの差が縮まっていく傾向にある。
- Tsukesage with classical patterns is ranked over homongi with light patterns in some cases, so the difference between homongi and tsukesage tends to be gradually reduced
- これには、秀吉、羽柴秀次、織田信雄の三名とも鷹狩りを好んだことを聞きつけた為信が、津軽特産の鷹を贈って友誼を結んだことも本領安堵に繋がったと見られている。
- It is believed that Tamenobu, hearing that Hideyoshi, Hidetsugu HASHIBA and Nobukatsu ODA all enjoyed falconry, sent them some falconine (a specialty of Tsugaru) to gain their affection as an acquaintance, which supposedly contributed to the approval of his main domain.
- 進藤源四郎と小山源五左衛門は、内蔵助の側にお軽という妾をおいているが、これは江戸急進派がこれ以上激昂しないように内蔵助の放蕩をおさえようとしたのだという。
- Genshiro SHINDO and Gengozaemon OYAMA sent a mistress named Okaru to Kuranosuke in order to control his dissipated life since it could create more anger among the Edo radicals.
- 結局皇太子のまま草壁は早世してしまい、彼女は草壁の遺児・軽皇子(後の文武天皇)が成人するまでの中継ぎとして、690年旧正月にようやく持統天皇として即位した。
- Since Prince Kusakabe ended up as Crown Prince and died young, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko succeeded to the throne temporarily as Emperor Jito in the lunar New Year in 690, until Prince Kusakabe's son, Prince Karu (Emperor Monmu) became old enough to enthrone.
- 当時日本の伝統文化を軽視する風潮があったことにくわえ、広大なスペースと大勢の競技者が必要な犬追物は、興行にも、その稽古にも多大な費用を必要としたからである。
- Because, in addition to the tendency of ignoring Japanese traditional culture at that time, Inuoumono which required a huge space and many participants needed also tremendous amounts of money to hold its event and its training and practice.
- 最も一般的な調理法は丼飯に数種類の天ぷらを載せて甘辛い丼汁(タレ)をかけた物であるが、タレをかけずに天ぷらを軽く煮付けてのせるものや、塩をかけるものもある。
- The most common way of making Tendon is to top a bowl of rice with a variety of tenpura and pour salty-sweet sauce over it; however, there are other methods, including flavoring the tenpura instead of pouring sauce on it or just sprinkling a bit of salt over the tenpura.
- 元雅は父との不和から勘当されて関東に落ち逃び、一方の世阿弥は女婿の金春禅竹を寵愛し、実子を軽んじたあまりに佐渡へ流罪となったという伝承を上記で紹介している。
- The above introduces a story that Motomasa was disowned due to disagreement with his father, and went down to Kanto, but because Zeami favored his daughter's husband, Zenchiku KOMPARU, and took his own son lightly, Zeami was banished to Sado.
- 実頼は関白ながら外戚ではなく、自らの日記で何かと軽んじられ、外戚伯父にあたる師輔の子たちが跳梁していることを嘆き「揚名関白(名ばかりの関白)」と称している。
- Although appointed Kanpaku, Saneyori was no maternal relative of the Emperor; he wrote in his diary that he was frequently taken light of, lamented that Morosuke's children, who were the maternal uncles of the Emperor, acted dominantly, and called himself 'yomei kanpaku' (nominal Kanpaku).
- 全編、詞書のない白描画であり、うち甲巻と乙巻は、かえる、うさぎ、さる、きつねなどの動物を擬人化して描き、軽妙な筆致で末法の世相を風刺した異色の絵巻物である。
- All scrolls are the hakubyoga (white monochrome drawing) without Kotobagaki, and in its volumes one and two, animals such as frogs, rabbits, monkeys, and foxes are personified and described; these are the unique emakimono that squibbed the social situations of Mappo with a light touch.
- 赤穂藩浅野家家臣は士分だけでも300名以上いたが、このうち討ち入りに参加したのは46名で(寺坂は士分ではなく足軽身分)、8割以上が討ち入りに参加していない。
- There were more than 300 retainers of the Asano family in Ako Domain; however, those who took part in the raid were 46 (Terasaka was a foot soldier and not in the samurai class), and more than 80% of them did not participate.
- また、鎌倉時代には津軽地方の豪族である安東氏が、鎌倉幕府の執権北条氏より蝦夷管領(または蝦夷代官)に任ぜられ、これら3種の蝦夷を統括していたとする記録もある。
- Another record states that the Ando clan, the Gozoku (local ruling family) in the Tsugaru region, was appointed as an Ezo Kanrei (or Ezo Daikan (local governor)) by the Hojo clan, the regent of the Kamakura bakufu, and that it controlled these three Ezo groups in the Kamakura period.
- 台湾での食べ方は表面の薄い膜を剥ぎ取ってから、酒を表面に軽く塗り、弱火で裏表を一、二分ずつ繰り返し火あぶり、表面が白くぶつぶつになるまでかりかりに焼き上げる。
- Stripping away the thin membrane covering the surface of the roe, the Taiwanese puts a small amount of sake on it and roasts both sides of the roe over a low flame for a few minutes until the surfaces become crispy and show white eruptions.
- 特に桶狭間の戦いに関しては、通説では圧倒的に有利な情勢から信長を軽んじ、明らかに地の利が無い田楽狭間で安穏と休憩を取ったことが致命的となったなどが挙げられる。
- Popular theory points especially towards the fatal error he made in depending on his predominant situation, where he downplayed Nobunaga in the Battle of Okehazama and took a break to rest at Dengakuhazama where he had no commanding advantage.
- 結局、辰姫は関ヶ原の戦いの論功として津軽家が得ていた飛び地領の上州大館村(現在の群馬県太田市(旧尾島町))に移されることとなり、満天姫は正室として迎えられた。
- Tatsuhime was eventually moved to Odate Village, Joshu Province (the present-day Ota City [formerly Ojima-cho], Gunma Prefecture), the outland that the Tsugaru family had been given as a reward for the Battle of Sekigahara, and Matehime was received as the lawful wife.
- (バイク便、あるいは全国赤帽軽自動車運送協同組合連合会などと似た使い方であるが、タクシーは旅客運送事業であり、貨物運送事業を行うことは道路運送法上違法である)
- (This is a similar service that motorbike messengers and the United Association of Japan Light Motor Vehicle Porters provide; however, taxis are supposed to offer services to carry passengers so, carrying freight by taxi violates the Road Transportation Act.)
- 足軽出身の木下藤吉郎(羽柴秀吉)、浪人になっていた明智光秀、忍者出身とされている滝川一益などを登用する一方で、譜代の重臣である佐久間信盛や林秀貞らを追放した。
- While he adopted Tokichiro KINOSHITA (Hideyoshi HASHIBA) who was a son of a foot soldier, Mitsuhide AKECHI who was ronin (masterless samurai), Kazumasu TAKIGAWA who was considered to have been ninja (professional spy in feudal Japan highly trained in stealth and secrecy) and so on, he exiled hereditary senior vassals such as Nobumori SAKUMA and Hidesada HAYASHI.
- 岩手県の角塚古墳をはじめ、東北地方に多数の前方後円墳が築造された古墳時代には、津軽海峡の存在をはじめとする東北地方についての情報を大和が得ていた可能性もある。
- It is possible that Yamato obtained information on the Tohoku region including the Tsugaru Straits during the Kofun period (tumulus period), when a number of keyhole-shaped mounds including Tsunozuka-kofun (the Tsunozuka Tumulus) in Iwate Prefecture were built in the Tohoku region.
- 前漢の高祖劉邦は皇帝になってから、「朕は沛公からはじめて暴虐を誅し、ついに天下を得た」として、挙兵の地である沛を自分の湯沐邑にして、沛の税や労役負担を軽減した。
- When the Emperor of Gaozu Liu Bang of the Former Han took the throne, he said 'At first, I was named Haiko, then I defeated tyranny, and finally I came to power.' and he made Hai, where he raised an army, his own Tomokuyu to reduce taxes and labor service.
- 「戦前の日本で天皇の王朝の非常な古さが国家主義的に悪用されたことに強く反発する戦後の歴史家は、日本における天皇制と天皇家の異例な長命さという意義を軽んじてきた。
- 'There were historians during the postwar period who strongly criticized the government for wrongfully using the Imperial family's long duration to promote nationalism during the prewar period, and these historians made light of such a long duration of the Japanese emperor system and the Imperial family.'
- 天皇を軽んじた信長の態度に朝廷はうろたえるが、それ以上に信長が朝廷に征夷大将軍の任を求めることを恐れた足利義昭は、かつての家臣・明智光秀に信長暗殺を持ちかける。
- The Imperial Court was flustered by Nobunaga's attitude to pay little attention to the emperor, and Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA was afraid that Nobunaga might ask the imperial court for appointment as Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and proposed Mitsuhide AKECHI, who had once been Yoshiaki's vassal, to assassinate Nobunaga.
- 略式礼装にあたるため儀式などの重い席には着用されることが少ないが、軽い柄付けの訪問着より古典柄の付け下げの方が格が上とされるので、着用の際には注意が必要である。
- Although Tsukesage is not worn for formal ceremonial occasions as it is with informal dress, Tsukesage with classical designs are ranked higher than Homongi with light design, it requires care in choosing Wafuku suitable for an occasion.
- また山縣がもつ異常なほどの権力への執心、勲章好きについて原敬は「あれは足軽(実際は足軽以下の中間を出自とする)だからだ」という一言で述べ、軽蔑の意を込めていた。
- Kei HARA scornfully explained why Yamagata was unusually obsessed with power and decoration, saying that 'it was because he was a foot solider (in fact he was from a chugen family, which was ranked lower than a foot solider).'
- 非接触型のICカードで、パスケースに入れたまま自動改札機に軽くタッチするだけで改札を入・出場することができ、通るたびにその都度パスケースから取り出す必要がない。
- Because the card is a contactless IC type, you can swish through the automatic ticket checker simply by touching it lightly with the card tacked inside the pass case; it isn't necessary to take the card out of the case each time you go through the checker.
- 特に旅客用の大型蒸機は、軸重を軽くし北海道へ渡ったC62形などの例外を除けば大車体や軸重の関係から亜幹線への転用すら利かず、意外なほど早く第一線を退いていった。
- In particular large-size steam locomotives for passenger carriages with some exceptions such as the C62 steam locomotives transferred to Hokkaido after weight reduction of the axles was made, disappeared from the first line unexpectedly early because they could not be diverted to those for the sub-trunk line due to the large vehicle body or axle load
- 翌年にはさらに、井上馨による欧化主義を基本とした外交政策に対し、外交策の転換・言論集会の自由・地租軽減を要求した三大事件建白運動が起り民権運動は激しさを増した。
- The movement further intensified as the 1887 political movement broke out, calling for the switch of the foreign policy, freedom of speech and assembly, the land-tax reduction, in responses to Kaoru INOUE's foreign policy that placed importance on Westernization.
- 在位4年目(645年)に中大兄皇子が蘇我蝦夷・入鹿親子を滅ぼす(乙巳の変・大化の改新)と、皇極天皇は同母弟の軽皇子(後の孝徳天皇)に皇位を譲った(史上初の譲位)。
- In the fourth year of her reign (645), Naka no Oe no Oji killed SOGA no Emishi and his son Iruka (Isshi no hen [the Murder in the Year of Isshi], Taika no Kaishin [Great Reformation of the Taika Era]) and Empress Kogyoku handed the Imperial throne over to Prince Karu, her younger maternal half-brother (later, Emperor Kotoku) (this was the first abdication of the throne in history).
- 南北朝時代 (日本)に悪党の活動が活発化し下克上の風潮が流行すると、伝統的な戦闘形態は個人戦から集団戦へと変化し始め、足軽の活躍の場は土一揆・国一揆にも広まった。
- As the activity of villains increased and the trend of vassals revolting against their lords became more commonplace during the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the traditional way in which warfare was conducted began to make the transition from a one-to-one combat to a group battle strategy, and the utilization of ashigaru even spread to the suppression of local and provincial uprisings.
- 九鬼の議論では、伝統的にはむしろ野暮の代表である侍を持ち出すことで「いき」が町人の文化であることを軽視している点、西洋哲学での理屈付けをしている点には批判もある。
- Kuki's argument has been criticized on the grounds that, by bringing up samurai (warriors) who, if anything, have traditionally represented 'yabo,' it neglects the fact that 'iki' is the culture of the townspeople, and also that it follows Western philosophical logic.
- 治暦3年(1067年)以来、出羽清原氏の助力を以って衣曾別嶋荒夷(えぞがわけしまあらえびす)”と“閉伊七村山徒を平定し日本の東端(北端)を津軽海峡まで到達させた。
- Since 1067, he subdued Ezogawakeshima araebisu and monk soldiers of Heinana-mura and extended the eastern end (northern end) of Japan to Tsugaru Straits with help of the Dewa-Kiyohara clan.
- 軽々に思想と経済の間の因果関係を結論づけることはできないが、陽明学における人欲の肯定が、発展著しい商業経済にとって非常にタイムリーな思想であったことは間違いない。
- It might be superficial to conclude that there is a relationship between ideology and the economy, but the approval of desire in Yomei-^gaku at a time the commercial economy was rapidly developing was, undoubtedly, an extremely timely ideology.
- 和式の欠点として、糞が1次的に溜まる槽を浅く作ってあるために悪臭が強いことがある(この悪臭は小用レバーを使って糞を早めに2次槽に落とすことである程度は軽減できる)。
- As a disadvantage of washiki, the basin tank where feces are primarily piled up is made shallow so it stinks strongly (the smell can decrease to some degree by flushing the feces into a secondary tank soon using the lever for urine).
- その後、高季、家季兄弟は北朝 (日本)方につき、1336年(建武3年)には家季が斯波家長により津軽合戦奉行に命ぜられ、南朝 (日本)方の南部氏を根城に攻撃している。
- Afterwards, Takasue and Iesue brothers sided with the Northern Court (Japan) and in 1336, Iesue was ordered to become Tsugaru battle bugyo (commander) by Ienaga SHIBA and attacked the Southern Court side Nanbu clan at its base castle.
- ところが、日清戦争の前後より、社会構造の変化に伴って米価が上昇基調のまま推移するようになり、相対的に古いままの地価を基にした税額に対して負担が軽くなる現象が生じた。
- However, the price of rice remained on an upward trend along with changes in the social structure around the time of the Japanese-Sino War, causing a phenomenon of burden reduction since the tax was still based on a relatively old land price.
- 非士分の者たちとして厩別当の杉山与五右衛門、茶坊主の鈴木松竹、牧野春斎、足軽の大河内六郎右衛門、森半右衛門、権十郎、仲間八大夫、兵右衛門、若右衛門などの名が伝わる。
- People of non-samurai class who participated included Umaya-no-betto, Yogoemon SUGIYAMA, tea servers Shochiku SUZUKI and Shunsai MAKINO, foot soldiers Rokuroemon OKOCHI, Hanemon MORI, Gonjuro, Hachidaibu NAKAMA Hyoemon and Wakaemon.
- 仙台側弁護士は、初公判の時点でこのことにも気づいていたが、軽罪での時効が迫っていたため、あえて裁判を長引かせ、時効を狙うために1審の起訴状については言及しなかった。
- The lawyers in Sendai had been aware of that from the first public trial, but they did not mention it because they knew it would soon reach the statute of limitations for those misdemeanors and wanted to draw out the trial.
- また、安芸国の小早川氏、伊予国の越智氏や河野氏、三浦半島の三浦氏、津軽地方の安東氏などは、陸の武士であると同時に支配下の沿海土豪からなる水軍を擁した海賊衆でもあった。
- And the Kobayakawa clan in Aki Province, the Ochi and Kono clan in Iyo Province, the Miura clan in the Miura Peninsula and Ando clan in Tsugaru region were not only samurai on land, but also Kaizoku shu (pirates) that held suigun navies made up of coastal local ruling clans.
- 崇徳側についた武士たちについて、源雅定・藤原実能らの高官たちは、死罪は久しくおこなっていないこと、また鳥羽法皇の服喪中であることを理由に、罪を軽くすることを言上する。
- High officials such as MINAMOTO no Masasada and FUJIWARA no Saneyoshi announce that they will reduce the punishments on the warriors who had sided with Sutoku because no death sentence has been carried out for a long time and they are still in mourning for the Cloistered Emperor Toba.
- 長官が六位相当である司の場合、軽微な案件であれば長官の正に監督権限があったものの、一定以上の重みを持つ案件になると五位以上の者に監督権限を代行してもらう場合もあった。
- When the court rank of Kami was Rokui (the Sixth Rank), such Kami sometimes asked a person of Goi or higher to act for him in supervising important matters, although he had the authority to supervise miscellaneous matters.
- 実際の政務を観察すると、長官・次官ともに五位以上であるとき、軽微な案件や通常の案件はほとんど次官が決裁して長官の関与は見られず、重要な案件のときに長官が決裁していた。
- Actually, when the court rank of both Kami and Suke were Goi (the Fifth Rank) or higher, Suke made decisions on most of miscellaneous or ordinary matters without Kami, while Kami made decisions only on important matters.
- 豆腐買いの女は「おむら」という役割であるが、軽い役ながら中村勘三郎 (17代目)、河原崎権十郎 (3代目)、市川猿之助 (3代目)などの看板役者が「御馳走」として出る。
- The woman buying tofu is called 'Omura,' a minor role, but played by famous actors like Kanzaburo NAKAMURA the seventeenth, Gonjuro KAWARAZAKI the third and Ennosuke ICHIKAWA the third, as a 'treat.'
- 当代記では11月1日に秀忠が岡崎宿に着いたとき、「揃人数、急度上洛可有儀を、路次中急給故、供奉輩不相揃、軽々敷上給事、不可然」と叱責する使者を出したとまで言われている。
- According to Todaiki, when Hidetada arrived at Okazaki-shuku Station on November 1, Ieyasu is said to have sent a messenger to Hidetada to give a reprimand, 'It was too unthoughtful of you to lose many of your troops, who were supposed to reach Kyoto, by needlessly hurrying the way.'
- 大阪電気軌道発注工事での約束手形が無価値同然となっていたため、破綻による損失を少しでも軽減するべく、債権を持つ多数の銀行は差し入れている担保品にかかわらず回収に動いた。
- Many of the creditor banks moved to foreclose on the loans regardless of the collaterals held in order to minimize their losses in the event of insolvency when the promissory notes issued in connection with the construction project by Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. were found to be worthless.
- ただし、明治維新後に近代的な刑法典が確立する以前において、軽微な財産刑を「過料」と称していた(「科料」という言葉は存在していなかった)事例があるため、注意を必要とする。
- Before the modern penal code (criminal code) established after the Meiji Restoration; however, there were cases that a minor punishment by seizing assets was called a 'Karyo' (there was no word for petty fines [Karyo] in this period) so you need to pay attention to these mixed terms.
- 従って本来は西洋かぶれ・外面や形式のみを追い求める軽佻浮薄な様子などの負の意味が強かったが、転じて、進歩的・近代的・華麗・優美・お洒落など、肯定的な意味合いも強くなった。
- Therefore, the word originally had a strong negative meaning referring to westoxication/ flirtatious manners of following only outer aspects and patterns, but came to include an affirmative meaning of progressive/modernized/gorgeous/decent/fashionable and so on.
- だが、その草壁皇子までが急死してしまった為に皇后は皇位承継紛争を防ぐために、自ら中継として皇位につき(持統天皇)、草壁皇子の子である軽皇子(後の文武天皇)を皇太子とした。
- However after Prince Kusakabe, too, died suddenly, the Empress temporarily succeeded to the throne to prevent any dispute due to Imperial succession (Emperor Jito), she let Prince Kusakabe's child, Prince Karu (later called Emperor Monmu) become Crown Prince.
- これは銃器の貫通・殺傷力向上や、後込め式小銃による火力の向上の結果として甲冑の意義が薄れ、歩兵は軽装となったがゆえに、かえって近接白兵戦の有効性が再認識されたためである。
- The context of the above was that the effectiveness of Kenjutsu in close combat was reconfirmed due to situations where armor lost its significance due to the improved killing power of guns and soldiers coming to fights lightly equipped.
- 従来の寿司店の高級化傾向に対し、廉価さ、手軽さ、会計の明朗さで大衆客のニーズをとらえ、1970年代以降全国的に広まり、今ではファミリーレストランの競争相手にもなっている。
- While traditional sushi restaurants tended to be exclusive, Kaitenzushi restaurants have satisfied the needs of ordinary people by providing low price, convenience, simple billing, and have spread nationwide since 1970's and have become the competitors of family restaurants.
- 古来は喪の礼装であるため、長着の下に留袖と同じく白い下着(重ね)を着ていたが、現在では礼装の軽装化と「喪が重なる」と忌むことなどもあり下着は用いられないのが一般的である。
- As Mofuku has been a formal mourning dress, people wore Nagagi on top of a white undergarment in olden times, but these days, partly because the formal dresses are being simplified, and partly because people observe a taboo against wearing layers of clothing that may be associated with having another mourning, an undergarment is not used for Mofuku.
- 「定りは宜しくても、其法を守るとして、却て軽々しく人をころす事あり、よくよく慎むべし。たとひ少々法にはづるる事ありとも、ともかく情実をよく勘へて軽むる方は難なかるべし。」
- Even though the law requires, you must refrain from killing a person thoughtlessly, on the pretext of complying with the law; even when someone offends the law, it doesn't matter to commute a penalty by taking the circumstances into consideration.'
- 一方、外科の第一人者である栗崎道有によって傷口を数針縫いあわせ、軽傷ですんだ吉良上野介は、目付の大久保忠鎮、久留正清らから尋問を受けたが、「拙者は恨みを受ける覚えは無い。
- Meanwhile, after his wounds were stitched up by the leading doctor in surgical department Dou KURISAKI, Kira Kozuke no Suke was also questioned by the bakufu's inspectors Tadashige OKUBO and Masakiyo KUME and said 'I do not remember doing anything to upset Takumi no Kami.
- また、勝手に手鎖を外せば「手鎖100日」の刑罰が課された(もっとも、予想される刑罰が過料・叱などの手鎖よりも軽微に留まる場合には始めから手鎖を免除されたまま預けられた)。
- In addition, if the person/organization in charge took off the handcuff of a criminal without permission, such person/organization was imposed tegusari penalty (confinement to one's residence and restraint in behavior with handcuffs on the wrists) for a hundred days (when the expected penalty was lighter than fine or 叱, the criminal was not handcuffed when taken to azuke).
- 近年は、日本人寿司職人を擁する本格的、もしくは高級志向の日本食レストランと、日本人以外のアジア系移民が配置された安価で気軽な日本風レストランとに二極分化する傾向が見られる。
- Recently there is a bipolar tendency of authentic or high-end Japanese foods restaurants and cheap and easy Japanese-style restaurants, where Asian immigrants are positioned.
- さらに、健康志向の高まりを背景に和食を軸にした日本型食生活へと回帰する動きも大きくなりつつあり、国が推進する「食育」においても洋食的なメニューが軽視されることが度々である。
- Japanese food is gradually being favored again, due to rising health concerns, and Yoshoku is often treated lightly by the government when it comes to 'dietary education.'
- 1330年6月30日(元徳2年6月14日 (旧暦))、父宗季から兄高季が津軽地方西浜の所領を譲られた際、「又犬二郎丸が事、扶持を加へて愛をしく当たるべし」と記載されている。
- On June 30, 1330 when his brother was given territory from the farther Munesue, it was stated in the letter of conveyance to take good care of Inujiromaru by providing him a salary.
- 慶長5年(1600年)の関ヶ原の戦いで父をはじめとする西軍が東軍に大敗し居城佐和山城も落城したことを知ると、津軽信建の助けで乳母の父・津山甚内らとともに陸奥国津軽に逃れた。
- After he learned that the western force for which his father fought, had lost badly to the eastern force in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 and also that Sawayama Castle had fallen, with the help of Nobutake TSUGARU, he escaped to Tsugaru in Mutsu Province with Jinnai TSUYAMA who was the father of his nanny and others.
- 優れた馬などは最前線にて用いられたために、小荷駄隊は足軽及び農村から徴発された人夫(陣夫)が駄馬や荷車に兵糧などを載せて引率するという機動性・戦闘力いずれも劣る部隊である。
- Since swift horses were used on the front lines, a Konidatai was a troop with inferior mobility and fighting capability that carried provisions on daba (packhorses) and carts by ashigaru (common foot soldiers) and laborers (servicemen) levied from farming villages.
- 刀剣・武具も日本美術の伝統を考えるうえで軽視できない存在であり、「武士の魂」と称され神聖視されている刀剣はその外装や小道具のみならず、刀身自体が美的鑑賞の対象となっている。
- Swords and arms cannot be disdained in the tradition of Japanese art, and especially swords have been sanctified as the soul of samurai, so that the exterior ornament, the attached tools, and the blade itself become appreciated as a symbol of beauty.
- 日本書紀皇極天皇三年(644年)3月の項に、軽皇子が朝参しなかった時、その宮に侍泊した中臣鎌子に寵妃阿倍氏をつかわして世話をさせたとあり、寵妃阿倍氏は小足媛と考えられている。
- There is a description in the section of March, 644 of Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), which is the Prince Karu made his favorite mistress, of the Abe clan to look after NAKATOMI no Kamako, who stayed the palace when the Prince Karu did not go to the Imperial Court; it is believed that this favorite mistress, of the Abe clan was Otarashihime.
- 1869年(明治2年)の版籍奉還の後、藩に属する者の身分階級は華族(元大名・徳川将軍家などの知藩事)、士族(旗本、藩士、上級郷士)、卒族(足軽・同心などの軽輩)に編成された。
- After the return of lands and people to the emperor in 1869, the status of those belonging to the clan was classified into the peerage (Chihanji such as a former daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) and the Tokugawa Shogun family), the warrior class (hatamoto (a direct vassal of the shogun), a feudal retainer of domain, and upper-ranking goshi (country samurai)), low-ranking samurai called sotsuzoku (keihai (a person of low rank) such as ashigaru (common foot soldier) and doshin (a police constable)).
- 安倍貞任の子孫を名乗る津軽安東氏・安藤氏、その後裔で戦国大名として活躍した秋田氏、安倍宗任の子孫を名乗る九州松浦党とその後裔である平成時代の総理大臣安倍晋三が特に有名である。
- Particularly famous among them are the Tsugaru Ando (安東 or 安藤) clan who claimed themselves as the descendants of ABE no Sadato, the Akita clan who were descendants of the Tsugaru Ando clan that were active as a Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period), the Kyushu Matsuura Party who claimed themselves as the descendants of ABE no Muneto, and Shinzo ABE who is a descendant of the Kyushu Matsuura Party and was a Prime Minister in the Heisei era.
- なお、オリンピックでは、馬場馬術、障害飛越競技、総合馬術の3種目が行われるが、世界選手権大会ではこれらに加え、軽乗競技、エンデュランス馬術競技、馬車競技の計6種目が行われる。
- In the Olympic Games, dressage, jumping and eventing are performed; in the world championships, para-equestrian dressage, endurance and driving are added to them.
- 地方によって若干調理法は異なるが、軽く湯引きした物や、マリネ状にしたもの、そのまま生のウニや白身魚のような魚介類を、ライムや塩、生姜などの薬味、チリソースなどと和えて食する。
- The preparation methods differ slightly between different regions, but slightly boiled or marinated ingredients are eaten with raw sea urchin or white-fleshed fish that has been flavored with condiments such as lime or salt and ginger and then seasoned with chili sauce.
- また切腹前に討ち入りの装束など遺品を大石無人に預けており、この装束は無人の子孫である津軽大石家により代々伝承され、現在は大石神社に納められており、ここで見学することができる。
- Before committing hara-kiri, Nobukiyo left Mujin OISHI some articles such as his outfit for the raid, which was inherited by Mujin's descendants, the Oishi family in Tsugaru, and is now enshrined in the Oishi-jinja Shrine, where people can see it.
- 現存する「冬木小袖」(東京国立博物館蔵)は、光琳が手描きで秋草文様を描いた小袖で、冬木家に伝来したものであり、『紅白梅図』屏風(MOA美術館蔵)は津軽家に伝来したものである。
- Fuyuki Kosode kimono (Tokyo National Museum collection), of which Akikusa Monyo (pattern based on flowering plants of autumn) was hand painted by Korin, has been handed down for generations in the Fuyuki family, and the Red and White Plum Blossoms folding screen (MOA Museum of Art Collection) has been handed down in the Tsugaru family.
- 初夏の蒸し暑い異常な高温下での激しい戦闘によって一時的に軽度の熱中症を起こした等、少なくとも近藤や永倉など周囲の者には肺の方の異常は感じさせない状態であったと考えられている。
- He may have suffered a light and temporary heat stroke following the intense battle, which took place on a humid and extremely hot day in early summer, and it is thought that his condition did not raise any questions about his lungs for those close to him, including Kondo and Nagakura.
- 椀飯には「殿上の椀飯」と「所々の椀飯」があり、必要な場合にその都度所管の殿上人数名に分担して調達させていたが、あくまでも公式な行事部分とは一線を画した弁当・軽食の類であった。
- Oban was classified into 'Tenjo no oban' and 'Shosho no oba' and this was gathered by the several designated tenjobito (high-ranking courtier allowed into the Imperial Palace) when necessary, but these were bento (packed meals)/light snacks that were considered separate from the official ceremony.
- 昭和57年(1982年)、清涼飲料水業界に表面をプラスティック・フィルムで保護した軽量ワンウェイ壜が導入され、これを利用して昭和58年(1983年)炭酸飲料サワーが発売された。
- In 1982, the light one way bottle, whose surface was coated with plastic film, was introduced in the soft drink industry, and in 1983, carbonated drink sours were sold using it.
- カステラや和菓子のブランド(屋号・商標)で知られる文明堂が、テレビの文明堂CMで「カステラ一番、電話は二番、三時のおやつは~」と言うキャッチフレーズを軽快な曲に併せて放送した。
- Bunmeido Shinjuku Inc., which is known as a brand of castella sponge cake and Japanese confectionery, produced a TV commercial in which the following catch phrase was broadcast with a lilting tune: 'Our castella is No. 1, our telephone number is two, let's stop at 3 p.m. for a snack (produced by Bunmeido).'
- 嘉永元年(1848年)、土佐沖に現れた外国船に対する海岸防備のために父義平が藩の足軽として徴募され、そのまま城下の七軒町に住むようになり、以蔵自身はこの足軽の身分を継いでいる。
- In 1848, his father Yoshihira was enlisted as the domain's ashigaru (common foot soldier) to guard the seaside against ships from overseas that appeared off the coast of Tosa; he continued to live in Shichiken machi inside the castle town, and Izo himself succeeded the status as ashigaru.
- 以後も三成とは親密で、後年、関ヶ原の後に三成の次男重成を保護したり、高台院の養女になっていた三成の三女辰姫を息子の津軽信牧の妻に迎えているのは、それに対する報恩という説もある。
- Tamenobu remained close to Mitsunari thereafter, and some say that he later protected Mitsunari's second son Shigenari after the Battle of Sekigahara, and took Mitsunari's third daughterTatsuhime, who had been an adopted daughter of Kodaiin, as the wife of his son Nobuhira TSUGARU, as a token of gratitude.
- この演習の目的は、ロシア海軍の艦隊が津軽海峡(北海道と青森との間)に入り、青森の海岸沿いの列車が動かなくなった際に、日本海側と太平洋側から、それぞれ移動するための演習であった。
- The aim of that training was to move the troops from the Sea of Japan side and the Pacific side respectively assuming the fleets of the Russian navy had entered the Tsugaru Straits (between Hokkaido and Aomori) and the train on the coast of Aomori couldn't move.
- 第二次世界大戦後の経済成長において、畿内の一角に当たる旧山城国はいち早く発展したのに対して、北陸地方と山陰地方を結ぶ北部は、日本海側の要衝であるにも拘らず軽視される傾向にあった。
- In the era after WWII when the Japanese economy grew rapidly, the area of former Yamashiro Province, occupying part of the Kinai region, developed quickly, but the northern area, connecting the Hokuriku region and the Sanin region, tended to be ignored, though the area is located in an important position on the Japan Sea side.
- そのルーツは明らかでなく、『平泉雑記』が伝える安倍氏自身の家伝によれば、神武天皇に殺された畿内の王長脛彦の兄安日彦をその始祖とし、安日彦の津軽亡命をもって安倍氏の発祥としている。
- The roots of the Abe clan have not been clarified, but according to the family tradition that the Abe clan passed down in the 'Hiraizumi Zakki' (Miscellaneous notes on Hiraizumi), their earliest ancestor was Abihiko, the older brother of Nagasunehiko, the king of the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) who had been killed by Emperor Jinmu, and the Abe clan originated when Abihiko fled to Tsugaru.
- 乳幼児によく見られるものの場合、主に卵白に含まれる蛋白質のうちのいくつかが強いアレルゲン活性を示すことが知られており、これらの活性は加熱によって多少軽減されることも知られている。
- In the cases frequently seen with infants, it is known that some of the proteins contained mainly in the white exhibit strong allergenicities, and it is also known that these allergenicities are slightly reduced by heating.
- 朝食において良質のタンパク質や炭水化物を摂取する事は、1日の生活に於いてエネルギーの燃焼効率が良いと言われ、間接的には規則正しい食生活にも繋がり体重の軽減に役立つと見られている。
- Eating good proteins and carbohydrate for breakfast is believed to contribute to a high combustion efficiency of energy in a daily life, and it indirectly makes one to eat orderly and helps to reduce weight.
- 二条城の門前に晒された際に、折敷に盛った強飯と赤鰯を足軽からあてがわれ、「戦に負けて捕らわれることは恥としないが、かくも卑陋な物を食わせるとは無礼な奴。早く首を刎ねよ」と怒った。
- When he was pilloried in front of the gate of the Nijo-jo Castle and was provided kowaii (steamed rice) and akaiwashi (pickled sardines) put on an oshiki (wooden tray) by an ashigaru (common foot soldier), he got angry and said 'I don't feel ashamed to be defeated in battle and captured, but it is impolite to serve such poor food. Behead me immediately,'
- 堀部安兵衛はじめ江戸急進派の同志たちの不満がこれ以上募ることを恐れた進藤源四郎や小山源五右衛門らが、内蔵助に少しでも廓通いを止めさせるためにこのお軽を紹介して側におかせたという。
- It was said that Genshiro SHINDO and Gengoemon OYAMA, who were afraid that dissatisfaction by a radical group in Edo, such as Yasube HORIBE, might become stronger, introduced Okaru and recommended that he keep her with him in order to let Kuranosuke quit frequenting red-light district.
- より具体的には「長篠の戦いの緒戦で、武田軍は家老山県昌景を一番手として織田陣営を攻め立てたに対し、織田軍の足軽は身を隠したままひたすら鉄砲を撃ち、誰一人前に出ることはなかった。」
- More specifically, 'when the Takeda army led by Karo (chief retainer) Masakage YAMAGATA attacked the Oda side at the start of the Battle of Nagashino, the ashigaru (common foot soldiers) of the Oda army, none of whom stepped forward and who hid themselves, kept shooting the teppo.'
- 足軽には苗字帯刀を許されたものもおり、功績によっては徒士への昇格も許されていたが、中間以下にはそういったことが一切許可されないなど、この両者の間にもはっきりとした境界線があった。
- Some Ashigaru were allowed Myojitaito, and depending upon their achievements, some were allowed to rise to Kachi, but Chugen and below were never allowed such privileges and there was a clear boundary between these two as well.
- 地租の軽減は自由民権運動の主力が地主・農民に移った1880年代以後盛んになっており、1887年の三大事件建白書においても「外交の刷新」「言論・集会の自由」と並んで掲げられていた。
- Reduction of the land tax was increasingly asserted after 1880 when the principal members of Democratic-Rights Movement shifted to landowners and peasants, and it was aimed along with 'Gaikou no Satsushin' (revamping of foreign diplomacy) and 'Genron and Syukai no Jiyuu' (freedom of speech and assembly) also in Sandai Jiken Kenpakusyo (the petition of three major matters) in 1887.
- これらはすべて青表紙本系の写本を底本にしており、中でも三条西家本を底本にしている(旧)日本古典文学大系本(およびその軽装版である岩波文庫版)を除き基本的に大島本を底本にしている。
- These are all based on the manuscript of the Aobyoshibon line, particularly Oshimabon, except the (old) 'An Anthology of Classical Japanese Literature' (and the Iwanami paperback library of the light-type edition), which was based on Sanjonishikebon.
- しかし、弥生時代に入っても初めのうちは軽い鏃を使っていたが、紀元前1世紀から1世紀ごろの近畿地方から香川県にかけて形が大きく重さも重くなり、深く突き刺さる鏃が現れるようになった。
- Light weight arrowheads were used until beginning of the Yayoi period; however, the bigger and heavier arrowheads which could penetrate deeper started to be used in the Kinki region between the first century before Christ and the first century of the Christian era.
- 応仁の乱では足軽集団が奇襲戦力として利用されたが、足軽は忠誠心に乏しく無秩序でしばしば暴徒化し、多くの社寺、商店等が軒を連ねる京都に跋扈し暴行・略奪をほしいままにすることもあった。
- During the Onin War, ashigaru groups were used in surprise attacks but their lack of loyalty and their disorder meant that they frequently formed unruly mobs, and there was an incident in which they ran riot and looted Kyoto with its numerous shrines, temples and shops.
- また、順徳天皇の蔵人に任じられた大江時広が鎌倉での職務を疎かにして京都に戻ろうとするのを「御家人でありながら鎌倉を軽んじている」とたしなめている(『吾妻鏡』建保6年8月20日条)。
- When Tokihiro OE, who was appointed to Kurodo (Chamberlain) of Emperor Juntoku, tried to go back to Kyoto, being negligent of his duties in Kamakura, Sanetomo criticized him for making little of Kamakura although he was gokenin ('Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East) The Article of October 20, the 6th Year of Kenpo).
- 芸娼妓解放令は直接的に機能したとは言い難い状態であったが、同令がきっかけとなり、貧農の娘の身売りを防ぐために、女性に対して教育や軽工業に対応する技能習得の場が設けられた地方もある。
- The Geishogi Kaiho Rei wasn't very effective in changing the situation directly; however, as its by-product, in some regions, opportunities for women to study and to achieve vocational skills for light industry were created with the intent of preventing poor peasants from selling their daughters into prostitution.
- 平成5年(1993年)夏、軽井沢静養の折り大型犬が紀子妃に抱かれた眞子内親王の眼前まで飛び上がり、驚いた飼い主に対し紀子妃が「お友だちになりたいのね」と咄嗟にフォローしたことがある。
- In the summer of 1993 while resting in Karuizawa, there was a surprising episode where a large-sized dog suddenly jumped just before the eyes of Princess Mako held in the arms of her mother (Princess Kiko), but she used her wit to get through the situation by saying to the surprised dog's owner 'Oh, the dog wants to be my friend.'
- 更に1697年には母・松木宗子(敬法門院)の信任の厚かった議奏中御門基熙の更迭問題を巡って両親と対立して中御門の普段からの天皇軽視の言動に不快感を抱いていた近衛基熙との関係を強めた。
- Furthermore in 1697, he nurtured a strong relationship with Motohiro KONOE, who opposed his parents in relation to Giso (close aides to the Emperor), Motohiro NAKAMIKADO's reshuffle issue, while Motohiro had absolute trust from Konoe's mother, Muneko MATSUNOKI (Keihomonin) and was frustrated with NAKAMIKADO's attitude to previously look down upon the Emperor.
- しかし上述の様に足軽の中には常時雇用される者もおり、そうした者達は実質的には何代も同じ主君に仕え、同時に武士の一員として遇されていた事から、傭兵と封建兵の中間に位置する存在と言える。
- However, as stated above, there were ashigaru who were employed full-time and would serve the same master for several generations, and there were also ashigaru who were treated as samurai, so it can be said that ashigaru occupied a status intermediate between those of mercenaries and feudal soldiers.
- また様々な竹と木材を張り合わせた積層弓は、日本の軽工業に欠かせない、ゼラチン(にかわ)の発展にも寄与し「にべ」(「にべもない」という語源になっている)と言う特殊な接着剤も生み出した。
- In addition, a laminated bow made by bonding various types of bamboo and wood together, has contributed the development of gelatin (glue) which is important for light industry in Japan, and has created a special bond called 'nibe' (drumfish, the origin of the word 'nibemonai' (flat refusal)).
- 灰持酒は酒税法上の品目は雑酒であるが、酒税法3条21号の「みりんに類似する酒類として政令で定めるもの」に該当しみりんと同額の課税(1キロリットル当たり2万円)の軽減税率を受けている。
- Akumochizake is classified as 'other liquor' under Japan's Liquor Tax Act however it is considered a 'liquor designated as a type of sake similar to mirin' in Article 3-21 of the Liquor Tax Act and is subject to the same reduced tax rate as mirin which is 20,000 yen per kiloliter.
- 日本古来からの物真似や形態模写などのお笑い芸や剣舞や独り相撲の舞踊りと唐から伝わった奇術や手品または、軽業や曲芸などの芸が合わさりできた芸能で、奉納相撲や御神楽祭の夜祭で演じられた。
- It consisted of impersonations and other comedy routines, sword dancing, and dancing in one man sumo, as well as Tang's magic shows, acrobatics and stunts performed at honozumo (ritual sumo matches held at a shrine) and kagura (Shinto music and dance) festivals held at night.
- 加えて、有能な人材を民間から登用する際、一時的に足軽として藩に在籍させ、その後昇進させる等の、ステップとしての一面もあり、中世の無頼の輩は、近世では下級公務員的性格へと変化していった。
- In addition, the status also had the aspect of serving as a career stepping stone such as when capable individuals who were appointed from among ordinary citizens were temporarily be enrolled with the domain as ashigaru before their subsequent promotion, and what were once gangs of villains during the middle ages took on the identity of low-level public servants.
- 尾張国の戦国大名織田信長が、農民の子から足軽になった羽柴秀吉(豊臣秀吉)を家臣に登用したように、実力次第では出世が可能になるのも、戦国大名の家臣団において見られたひとつの傾向であった。
- Within the Kashindan under a Sengoku daimyo, however, there was a trend to give promotions based on abilities; this was seen in the case of Hideyoshi HASHIBA (Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI) who had been born from a peasant family, became an ashigaru (common foot soldier) and was promoted to a vassal by Nobunaga ODA, a Sengoku daimyo in Owari Province.
- 関山直太郎(1958年)は、旗本御家人と家族約11万5千人、その家来・従属者約10万人、諸藩の在府者と家族約18万人、幕府直属の足軽・奉公人等約10万人、合計約50万人と推定している。
- On the other hand, Naotaro SEKIYAMA (1958) estimated that the aggregate population of samurai households was around 500,000, composed of 115,000 hatamoto and their dependents, 100,000 of their servants, 180,000 domain-retained samurai and their dependents, and 100,000 of ashigaru (common foot soldier) and servants retained by Bakufu.
- 平仮名を駆使した和文の簡潔な口語体で書かれ、総じて軽妙な筆致の短編が多いが、中関白家の没落と主君・定子皇后の身にふりかかった不幸を反映して、時にかすかな感傷が交じった心情の吐露もある。
- It was written in the plain vernacular using Hiragana (the Japanese cursive syllabary), and most of the chapters were written in a witty style, but sometimes sentimental lamentation appears reflecting the fall of the Michitaka FUJIWARA's family and unhappiness gone through by her majesty Empress Teishi.
- そうした理由から、配役では比較的軽い役どころが多く恵まれなかったが、それでも『矢の根』の曾我時致、『壷阪霊験記』の澤市、『娘道成寺』の押戻、『傾城反魂香』(吃又)の又平などは優れていた。
- He was therefore cast in many relatively small roles, but despite this he gave excellent performances as Tokimune SOGA in 'Ya no Ne,' Sawaichi in 'Tsubosaka Reigenki,' Oshi Modoshi in 'Musume Dojoji' and Matahei in 'Keisei Hangonko' ('Domo Mata').
- 元禄の大飢饉は1695年~1696年(元禄8年~9年)に東北を中心とする東北地方を襲った冷害で、収穫が平年の3割しかなく、津軽藩では領民の3分の1に相当する5万以上の死者を出したという。
- It is said that the Great Famine (1695-1696) of the Genroku era was caused by cold-weather damage in the Tohokoku region which lead harvests to drop to 30% of the average, and in Tsugaru Domain over 50,000 people (one third of the domain's population) died.
- 末尾の「寳」字のウ冠の第二画が長いものと短いものが存在し、それぞれ「深冠」、「浅冠」と呼ばれ、量目はそれぞれ、2.5匁(9.37グラム)、2.3匁(8.62グラム)と「浅冠」の方が軽い。
- There were different types in the style of character '寳'(kan), one of which the second stroke of top part of '寳', the last character of 寳永通寳, was long and the other one which had a short stroke, and they were called by 'deep top' and 'shallow top' respectively, and the weight was 2.5 monme (9.37 grams) (monme is the unit of weight) and 2.3 monme (8.62 grams) respectively, which means 'shallow top' was lighter.
- 親指に角を入れ固める事によって、弦の圧力から親指を保護し、控えを固める事によって手首の負担を軽減、また控えによって機械的なバネの効果を持たせ“弓道射法八節”の際有利に働くようになっている。
- Reinforcing the thumb part by putting tsuno inside protects the thumb from a pressure of a string and decreases the burden of a wrist by reinforcing the hikae which gives a mechanical spring effect and yugake advantageously works when doing the 'Kyudo-shaho hassetsu' (eight arts of shooting an arrow).
- 『古事記』允恭天皇段で、穴穂御子(安康天皇)が木梨軽皇子を捕らえる場面では、「大前小前宿祢大臣」と大前と1人の人物の如く登場し、初め太子を匿うものの、後に穴穂御子に降る様子が記されている。
- In the section of Emperor Ingyo in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), it is recorded that 'Oomae komae no sukune no oomi' appeared as if Oomae were one person at the scene at which ANAHO no miko (Emperor Anko) caught KINASHI no karunomiko and sheltered Prince at first, but demoted to ANAHO no miko later.
- コースの選定は、五ヶ所引廻の方が最終的に受ける刑罰が厳しいため(牢屋敷で行われる刑罰は獄門が最高刑であり、当時の極刑である火刑や磔は刑場で行われた)、罪状の軽重で決められていたようである。
- It appears that the decision on the route depended on the relative gravity of guiltiness as 'gokasho hikimawashi' involved a graver punishment (the severest punishment to be carried out in the prison being beheading, and the gravest type of execution in those days such as burning at the stake and crucifixion being conducted in the execution sites).
- 彼女は草壁の早世にめげず、強いリーダーシップで律令国家体制確立への舵を執り、孫・軽皇子への譲位(直前に天武天皇第一皇子高市皇子が薨去したが、菟野・藤原不比等による暗殺説もある。)を果たした。
- Although her son, Prince Kusakabe died young, she showed strong leadership and was brave enough to take control of politics to establish the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes, she finally passed the throne to her grandchild, Prince Karu (there was a theory Uno no and FUJIWARA no Fuhito planned an assassination when Prince Takechi, Emperor Tenmu's first Prince died just before Prince Karu's enthronement).
- これまで足軽は戦闘の主役ではなかったが、戦国時代 (日本)を迎え集団戦が本格化・大規模化していくと、訓練された槍・弓 (武器)・鉄砲の足軽隊が組織され備の主要な部隊として活躍するようになる。
- Ashigaru had not yet been utilized as the main element of battle forces but as they became more well organized and increased in number during the Sengoku period (Japan), they were given training and ashigaru units bearing spears, bows (weapons) and guns were created, going on to form the backbones of armies.
- 河野は、同志田母野秀顕らと藩閥専制政府に対抗する連判状を取り交わしていたため、内乱陰謀の容疑で明治15年12月に検挙され、明治16年(1883年)高等法院において軽禁獄7年の刑を宣告された。
- KONO was arrested in December, 1882, for the charge of conspiracy of domestic conflict because he exchanged a compact covenant under joint signatures to oppose domains-dominated government (Meiji oligarchy) with comrades Hideaki TAMONO and others, and in 1883, he was sentenced to seven years of detention at the special criminal court.
- 「昔から今に至るまで、天下をみずから治め整えた君主も、祖先からその皇基や帝業を受け継いだ帝王も、すべてこれ天が与えたところであって、外から軽々しくはかり議することがどうして出来ましょうか。」
- From the olden days up to now, both the monarch who ruled the world and the emperor who inherited the foundation and work from his ancestors have received all these from heaven, and how can one weigh and consider all this so easily?'
- この説では冬季に行軍が困難であることや頼俊の報告は自分の不祥事の穴埋めをするための誇大報告とし、津軽半島、下北半島までが朝廷の支配下に入ったのは、その後の清原氏や奥州藤原氏によるものとする。
- This theory mentioned the awkward point of the expedition troops marching and fighting in the severe winter conditions of the northern part of Japan; it is assumed that the report of Yoritoshi to the Imperial Court stating the grand victory over Ezo was exaggerated in order to cover up his disgraceful matter of losing the important official instruments; in reality, the conquest of Tsugaru and Shimokita Peninsula regions to be ruled under the Imperial Court was succeeded by the later expeditions operated by Kiyohara clan, or even later by the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- 一方、民党に対峙する吏党もこの方針には一概に反対ではなかったが、地租の削減よりも現実的な地租納期の端境期への変更(米価が高い時期に換金して納税すれば、結果的に農民の負担は軽くなる)を求めた。
- On the other hand, Rito (pro-government political parties) opposing Minto, did not generally disagreed with this principle and demanded to shift the land tax payday to the pre-harvest months (the burden on peasants would be reduced if rice is exchanged to cash while the rice price was high for paying tax), which was more feasible than reducing land tax.
- 伊達軍が国見山へ移動中、上杉方梁川城の須田長義旗下車丹波等が、馬上百騎・小手六十三騎等を含む足軽百人ばかりを引き連れて梁川城から大隅川を渡り、藤田と桑折の間で伊達勢後尾の小荷駄隊を急襲した。
- While the Date army was moving to Mt. Kunimi, warriors including Tanba KURUMA serving Nagayoshi SUDA in the Yanagawa-jo Castle on the Uesugi side crossed the Osumigawa River from the Yanagawa-jo Castle with 100 ashigaru (common foot soldiers) as well as 100 horsemen and 63 horseman from Ote and suddenly attacked provision transporters bringing up the rear of the Date forces in the area between Fujita and Koori.
- ただし軽合金製面金は強度的に十分とはいえないため、より高い耐衝撃性を必要とする一般成人向け防具には、比較的低比重ながら強度・耐蝕性・美観のすべてに優れるチタン合金製面金が使われるようになった。
- However, the light alloy Men is not strong enough, so the titanium alloy Men that has comparatively lower specific gravity and is excel in all aspects such as strength, corrosion resistance, and aesthetic sense has been used for the protective gear for general adults who need higher impact resistance.
- この問題はすなわち討ち入り後、泉岳寺にある長矩の墓に行くまでに突然姿を消した足軽寺坂吉右衛門が、逃亡者であるのか、それとも何らかの理由で同志達の許可を得たうえで離れた者であるのかの問題である。
- Effectively, the issue is whether the foot soldier Kichiemon TERASAKA who suddenly disappeared after a raid on the way to visit Naganori's grave in Sengaku-ji Temple, was a deserter or left his fellow soldiers with their permission for some reason.
- 1429年、日本に来た朴端生は、「日本の農人、水車の設けあり」として、学生の金慎に「造車の法」を精査させて模型を作り、鍍銀(銀メッキ)、造紙(紙漉)、朱紅、軽粉などの製造法を祖国に報告している。
- Seo-saeng BAK who came to Japan in 1429 made Kinshin (金慎), a student under him, investigate 'how to make a water wheel' closely and made him make a model water wheel, saying that 'Japanese farmers use water wheels,' and also reported a silver-gilding method, how to manufacture paper, how to generate vermillion and how to manufacture medicine called keifun.
- 戦闘部隊としての戦国時代から江戸時代における足軽の動員は多様な階層からの徴募制が採られており、その召抱える条件も戦時における一時的なものや平時においても雇用され続ける者など様々な待遇が存在した。
- Ashigaru were conscripted from diverse levels of society as combat troops from the Sengoku period to the Edo period, and there were various employment terms which ranged from temporary employment during wartime to continued employment during peacetime.
- 戦後では完全に漫才が主流になり演じ手はいなかったが芦乃家雁玉・林田十郎、松葉家奴・松葉家喜久奴、松鶴家光晴・浮世亭夢若、一輪亭花蝶・松原勝美、浮世亭歌楽・ミナミサザエ等は軽口に近い芸風であった。
- In the postwar time, although manzai became completely dominant and karukuchi became extinct, manzai dialogues performed by duos of Gangyoku ASHINOYA and Juro HAYASHIDA, Yakko MATSUBAYA and Kikuyakko MATSUBAYA, Kosei SHOKAKUYA and Yumewaka UKIYOTEI, Kacho ICHIRINTEI and Katsumi MATSUBARA and Karaku UKIYOTEI and Sazae MINAMI were close to the style of karukuchi.
- また内蔵助は、紙くず同然になるであろう赤穂藩の藩札の交換に応じて赤穂の経済の混乱を避け、また藩士に対しても分配金を下に厚く上に軽くするなどの配分をおこなって、家中が分裂する危険の回避につとめた。
- Also, Kuranosuke tried to alleviate Ako's economic confusion by redeeming han bills of Ako Domain which would be heaps of worthless paper and to avoid family dissention by reapportioning the distribution money increasing the amount to the lower ranks and lightening the amount distributed to the upper ranks of the feudal retainers.
- CMの内容は、1997年に発表された京都議定書に基づき、地球温暖化防止のために軽油に代わる燃料として食用油の廃油で作ったバイオディーゼル燃料を使用し、市バスやゴミ収集車に使用しているというもの。
- The commercial film says that bio-diesel fuel made from waste vegetable oil is used for city buses and garbage trucks as a substitute for light oil in their activities, as a means for the prevention of global warming as advocated by the Kyoto Protocol of 1997.
- 皇極4年(645年)6月14日、乙巳の変の直後、皇極天皇は退位し、中大兄皇子に皇位を譲ろうとしたが、中大兄と鎌足との相談の結果、皇弟・軽皇子が即位し、孝徳天皇となり、中大兄皇子が皇太子になった。
- On July 15, 645, immediately after Isshi-no-hen, Emperor Kogyoku stepped down from the throne, tried to pass over the throne to Naka no Oe no Oji but as a result of a meeting between Naka no Oe and Kamatari, the younger brother of the Emperor, Prince Karu, acceded to the throne and became Emperor Kotoku, with Naka no Oe no Oji becoming the Crown Prince.
- 日本の合戦では戦闘時、上級武士の指揮下に少人数ずつの銃手(鉄砲足軽)が組織化されて、この戦闘単位ごとに勲功を競うといった運用形態をとっていたこともあり、個々の銃手の命中率が重要視されたのである。
- At the time of a battle in Japan, gunners (teppo-ashigaru, foot soldiers fighting with firearms) were organized in small groups under the command of high-ranking warriors, and these units vied for exploits of war, therefore accuracy rate of individual gunners was of high concern.
- 近年の研究では、陸奥国一宮鹽竈神社の神人であり鹽竈神社の神領の管理をしていたこと、「津軽山賊」と記載された史料があること等から、「海民」、「山民」としての性格を持つ豪族であったとも推定されている。
- In the recent studies, the following things are assumed: the clan was a jinin (associates of Shinto shrines) at Ichinomiya Shiogama-jinja Shrine in Mutsu Province, in charge of the management of the shrine estate of Shiogama-jinja Shrine, it can be understppd that it was a local ruling lord which had certain characters of 'Kaimin' (maritime people) as well as 'sanmin' (mountain people) according to the historical materials in which the clan's name registered as 'Tsugaru Sanzoku' (bandit of Tsugaru).
- 2005年シーズン前には、規制をしたので今シーズンの都民の症状は軽いはずだとのコメントを知事が述べているが、そのシーズンに当の知事が花粉症を発症しているのは日本花粉症史に残るおおいなる皮肉である。
- Prior to the start of the 2005 season, the governor stated the symptoms suffered by citizens this season should be milder because regulations had been implemented but the fact that this governor developed pollinosis in that very season remains a great irony in the history of pollinosis in Japan.
- これは東育ちの受領の子で音楽の嗜みもない浮舟が、二人から宮廷的な教養と趣味を身につけていない田舎者として見下され軽んじられていたことの傍証であるとの見方がある(ただし浮舟自身が詠んだ和歌は多い)。
- Some people assert that this is collateral evidence proving the fact that Ukifune, who was brought up in the eastern region of Japan as a daughter of zuryo (provincial governor) and didn't acquire the knowledge of music, was played down by them as a country-bred woman with no courtly culture and hobbies (however, there were a lot of waka poems composed by her).
- 当時の文学青年から崇拝され、代表作「小僧の神様」にかけて「比喩としての「神様」「神」一覧」に擬せられていたが、太宰治から長篇小説『津軽』の中で批判を受けて立腹し、座談会の席上で太宰を激しく攻撃した。
- He was worshipped by the literary youth of the time and was called a 'god of novels' after his representative work, 'The Shopboy's God'; however, he was offended by Osamu DAZAI's criticism of him in DAZAI's full-length novel 'Tsugaru,' and attacked him viciously at a round-table discussion.
- 仁治2年(1241年)3月の「吾妻鏡」によると、甲斐国守護の武田信光と、上野国三原荘(現在の群馬県吾妻郡嬬恋村三原)と信濃国長倉保(現在の軽井沢付近)の境界についての争いがあり、幸氏が勝訴している。
- According to 'Azuma Kagami' in March, 1241, Yukiuji fought with Kai no kuni Shugo (provincial constable of Kai Province) Nobumitsu TAKEDA for boundaries of Miharaso, Kozuke Province (present Mihara, Tsumagoi-mura, Azuma-gun, Gunma Prefecture) and Nagakuraho, Shinano Province (present Karuizawa), and he won.
- 七湊は越前国三国湊(坂井市)、加賀国本吉湊(白山市)、能登国輪島湊(輪島市)、越中国岩瀬湊(富山市)、越後国今町湊(直江津)(上越市)、 出羽国土崎湊(秋田湊)(秋田市)、津軽地方十三湊(五所川原市)
- Shichiso consists of seven ports: Mikuniminato in Echizen Province (Sakai City), Wajimaminato in Noto Province (Wajima City), Iwaseminato in Ecchu Province, (Toyama City), Imamachiminato in Echigo Province (Naoetsu) (Joetsu City), Tsuchizakiminato in Dewa Province (Akitaminato) (Akita City), and Tosaminato in Tsugaru region (Goshogawara City).
- ニューヨークでもホットドッグ売りなどの露天商はいまだに健在であり、その社会的役割を果たしているが、日本においては上記の理由や、高度成長を遂げた後の意識の変化などから、手軽に始められないのが現状である。
- In New York, rotensho such as hot dog sellers continue to trade, serving their social role, but in Japan, because of the reasons above and the change in attitudes with the end of the high-growth period, they cannot be easily recreated.
- 長尾邦景は永寿王丸復帰によって却って混乱が深まると諫言したが、これを守護である自分を軽んじるものとして受け取った房定は邦景を捕えて自害させ、これに対して反乱を起こした邦景の嫡男長尾実景を攻め滅ぼした。
- Kunikage NAGAO remonstrated to Fusasada that Eijuomaru's inheriting the post would intensify the unrest, which was taken by Fusasada (Kunikage's superior) as a slight on him, and so he arrested Kunikage and forced him to commit suicide, and defeated Kunikage's legitimate son Sanekage NAGAO who revolted against him..
- 為信の跡は三男・信枚(次男も既に死亡)が継いだものの、翌年信建の嫡男津軽熊千代(大熊)が津軽建広ら信建派の家臣に推されて為信の正嫡を主張し、江戸幕府に裁定を求めるお家騒動が勃発する(弘前藩お家騒動)。
- As Tamenobu's second son had also passed away, third son Nobuhira succeeded Tamenobu, but the following year, the legitimate son of Nobutake, Kumachiyo TSUGARU (Okuma) backed by vassals on Nobutake's side such as Takehiro TSUGARU, claimed he was the legal successor to Tamenobu, which developed into a family feud over which arbitration was sought from the Edo shogunate governmenet (family feud of the Hirosaki domain).
- 二人の祖父である北条泰時は「各々将来御後見の器なり」、つまり二人とも将来執権になろうという者であるのに、経時は「諸御家人の事に対し、爭か好悪を存ぜんか。所為太だ軽骨なり、暫く前に来るべからず」と怒り。
- Their grandfather, Yasutoki HOJO got angry and said, 'each of them is to be a regent in the future. There is no need to get involved in the vassals' argument. Tsunetoki's behavior was quite thoughtless, and he should be confined to his residence for a while.'
- 『日本書紀』にも同様の記事が見え、応神五年八月条に「諸国に令して、海人及び山守を定む」、応神十一年十月条に「剣池・軽池(かるのいけ)・鹿垣池(ししかきのいけ)・厩坂池(うまやさかのいけ)を作る」とある。
- In 'Nihonshoki' also, a similar story appears and the paragraph titled September, 274 says that 'he sent an order to all countries and determined diver groups and mountain guardian groups' and the paragraph titled November, 280 says that 'he had Tsurugi no ike-Pond, Karu no ike-Pond, Shishikaki no ike-Pond, and Umaya no saka no ike-Pond built.'
- 葛山が、最後まで頑強に抗議したための憤死とも、反発への見せしめのために3人の軽輩者の内、年長者で従順な島田や、尾関ではなく、血の気の多く首脳陣に怖じない葛山に責任を負わせて手打ちにしたともいわれている。
- According to one theory, Kazurayama made a strong protest against the conciliation so tenaciously that he finally died of indignation, but according to the other theory, in order to show an example to the revolt, the leaders of the force, who did not pick up Shimada nor Ozeki because both of whom were younger and obedient to their seniors, deliberately chose Kazurayama, who was hot-blooded and fearless even in front of the leaders, to silence him and close the case, putting all the responsibility upon him.
- 更に都市部を中心とした商工業者は地租よりも営業税 (日本)などの方が収益に対する税負担の割合が高いにも関わらず、民党が地租軽減ばかりを唱えることに不満を抱き、財政革新会などを通して独自の運動を起こした。
- Furthermore, business and industrial men around urban areas were frustrated by assertions of Minto calling only for the reduction in the land tax despite the fact that the fraction of business tax (Japan) on profits was higher than that for land tax, and established their own movement through Zaiseikakushin kai (conference on reform of financial affairs) and others.
- この改正に伴い2006年(平成18年)に、最初の民俗技術として「津軽海峡及び周辺地域における和船製作技術」(青森県)、「上総掘りの技術」(千葉県)、「別府明礬温泉の湯の花製造技術」(大分県)が指定された。
- Following this revision, the 'Japanese-style boat building technique of Tsugaru-kaikyo Strait and surrounding areas' (Aomori Prefecture), 'kazusa-bori (traditional Japanese drilling) technique' (Chiba Prefecture), and 'technique for producing yunohana natural bath salts at Beppu Myoban-onsen Hot Spring' (Oita Prefecture) were designated as the first folk techniques.
- 元亀3年(1572年)の信玄の上洛(三方ヶ原の戦い)の際には、諸足軽衆の大藤政信や伊豆衆筆頭で怪力の持ち主とされる清水太郎左衛門など2000余を援軍として武田軍に参加させ、織田・徳川連合軍に勝利している。
- In 1572, when Shingen TAKEDA went up to Kyoto, Ujimasa mobilized about 2,000 soldiers including Masanobu DAITO, ashigaru (common foot soldier), and Tarozaemon SHIMIZU, the head of Izusyu (the vassals of the Hojo clan who helped in the suppression of Izu Province) with herculean power, to reinforce the Takeda army, contributing to the winning of the Takeda army in a battle against the Oda and Tokugawa allied forces (Battle of Mikatagahara).
- 津軽 為信(つがる ためのぶ、1550年1月18日(天文_(元号)19年1月1日 (旧暦)) - 1608年1月22日(慶長12年12月5日 (旧暦)))は、戦国時代 (日本)の武将、江戸時代前期の大名。
- Tamenobu TSUGARU (January 28, 1550 - January 22, 1608) was a military commander in the period of warring states and a feudal lord in the early Edo period.
- 私領といってもその地の課税が免除される訳ではないが、国衙は旧来の郡とは別の、新しい徴税単位として、特別な命令書により税を軽減し、開発領主の私領領有を認め、同時に開発領主がその地の納税義務を負うことになる。
- Even though it is called a private estate, it did not mean that one was exempt from tax, but Kokuga were treated differently from former districts as a separate tax unit, lowered tax under a special order, permitted cultivating land owners to have their own private estates, and the kaihatsu-ryoshu gained the responsibility to collect other taxes simultaneously.
- 戦場では、体格に優れた者が野太刀・大太刀などの長大な刀をひたすら振り回して軽装歩兵に対して斬りつけるという方法か、騎兵突撃の際に加速のついた状態で馬上から敵の手足顔面を強くこすり斬るというのが一般的だった。
- On actual battlefields, people with good builds tried to slash foot soldiers by swinging long swords called nodachi or odachi, or cavalrymen tried to slash enemies' hands/feet/face while rushing toward them.
- しかしこのころと見られている顕家御教書によると、顕家は家季が津軽と外ヶ浜を押領しようと足利方には顕家から預かったと主張し国府には足利から預かったと称している様子を「不審極まりなく候」と見ていたことが分かる。
- However, according to the gokyousho (official letter of adjudication) issued by Akiie, it was suspicious at best by the statement of Iesue that asserted the territory of Tsugaru and Sotogahama was placed under his trust by Akiie while telling the Kokufu (national government), it was placed under trust by Ashikaga.
- 室町時代後期、観音寺城に本拠を構える近江佐々木六角氏が着々と力を蓄え、足利幕府の命令を軽視あるいは無視し始めたことから、1487年に将軍足利義尚がこれを征討するために軍を発し、六角勢との間に戦いが行われた。
- In the late Muromachi period, the Sasaki Rokkaku clan of Omi Province steadily built up the military force with the Kannonji-jo Castle as their headquarter and started to take light of the orders from the Ashikaga shogunate or even ignore them, therefore Shogun Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA sent an army to subjugate the Rokkaku clan in 1487 and a battle broke out.
- お雇い外国人のなかにはトーマス・ウォートルスのように一山当てようとやってきた流れ者や、チャールズ=デ・ボアンヴィルのように傲慢で日本人を軽視する者もいたが、他方では日本を深く愛し弟子たちに慕われた人物もいる。
- Although there were some Oyatoi-gaikokujin who were drifters who came to Japan thinking to strike it rich, notably Thomas James WALTERS, or arrogant and looked down on the Japanese such as Charles Alfred Chastel de BOINVILLE, there were many others who deeply appreciated Japan and were greatly respected by their (Japanese) disciples.
- 博打をしながら片手間に簡単に食べられるものはないかと言う発想から生まれた(イギリスのサンドウィッチ伯が大好きなトランプゲームをしながら手軽に食べられる物はないかという発想で生まれたサンドウィッチと発想は同じ)。
- Tekkamaki came into being out of an idea of developing food which a gambler could easily eat while gambling (same as in the case of sandwich which came into being out of the idea that Earl of Sandwich in England wanted to develop food which he could eat easily while playing his favorite card games).
- 内蔵助は江戸急進派鎮撫のため、9月下旬に原惣右衛門(300石足軽頭)・潮田又之丞(200石絵図奉行)・中村勘助(100石祐筆)らを江戸へ派遣、続いて進藤源四郎と大高源五(20石5人扶持腰物方)も江戸に派遣した。
- To suppress radical Edo faction, Kuranosuke sent Soemon HARA who received 300 Koku as ahigaruno ushira, Matanojo USHIODA who received 200 koku as bugyo (magistrate) and Kansuke NAKAMURA who received 100 koku as yuhitsu (private secretary), amongst others, to Edo in late September as well as Genshiro SHINDO and Gengo OTAKA who received 20 koku each and were fuchi warriors responsible for armament.
- さらに寛永16年(1639年)、駿河国井之宮に銭座が設けられたが、寛永17年(1640年)、前年に銭貨の相場が下落したことを受け、また軽薄な品が少なくないという理由から一旦、全銭座における鋳造停止が命じられた。
- In addition another zeniza was established in Inomiya, Suruga Province in 1639, but mintage was temporarily prohibited in all the zeniza in 1640 because of a drop in the value of a copper coin in the previous year, and because many coins were too light.
- 1万石...戸田忠恕・戸田忠友(宇都宮藩主)、秋元礼朝(館林藩主)、松平慶永・松平茂昭(福井藩主)、黒田長知(福岡藩主)、津軽承昭(弘前藩主)、榊原政敬(高田藩主)、六郷政鑑(本荘藩主)、有馬頼咸(久留米藩主)
- 10,000 koku... Tadayuki TODA and Tadatomo TODA (the lords of Utsunomiya Domain), Hirotomo AKIMOTO (the lord of Tatebayashi Domain), Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA and Mochiaki MATSUDAIRA (the lords of Fukui Domain), Nagatomo KURODA (the lord of Fukuoka Domain), Tsuguakira TSUGARU (the lord of Hirosaki Domain), Masataka SAKAKIBARA (the lord of Takada Domain), Masakane ROKUGO (the lord of Honjo Domain), Yorishige ARIMA (the lord of Kurume Domain)
- 長女上杉鶴は薩摩藩主島津綱貴の室、次女上杉阿久利は交代寄合旗本津軽政たけの室、3女上杉菊も旗本酒井忠平の室となっている(鶴姫は綱貴に離縁され、菊姫も死別するが、のちに公家大炊御門経音の室となって1男1女を産む)。
- His eldest daughter, Tsuru UESUGI, became a wife of Tsunataka SHIMAZU, the lord of the Satsuma domain, the second daughter, Akuri UESUGI, married Masatake TSUGARU, a kotaiyoriai (landholding liege vassals with alternate attendance obligations) hatamoto, and the third daughter, Kiku UESUGI, also became a wife of Tadahira SAKAI, a hatamoto (Princess Tsuru was divorced from Tsunataka, and Princess Kiku had lost her husband, but later she became a wife of Tsunenari OINOMIKADO, a court noble, and gave birth to a son and a daughter).
- 浅草井村楼での演説のために東京府下の演説が禁じられたので、講釈師の鑑札を受けて芸名「先醒堂覚明」で席亭に出、講談に託して自由民権を説いたが、席亭主人とともに罰せられ、健之は集会条例違反で軽禁錮1ヶ月に処せられた。
- Since Kenshi was banned from making a public speech within Tokyo Prefecture because of the speech he had made at the Asakusa Imura-ro hall, he obtained a lecturer's license to appear at a vaudeville hall under the stage name 'Senseido Kakumei' and advocated freedom and people's rights through his oral storytelling, but he was punished along with the host of the vaudeville hall and was sentenced to brief imprisonment, one month in jail, for violating the Public Assembly Law.
- 参拝者は道中観光しつつ、伊勢では代参者として皆の事を祈り、土産として神札や新品種の農作物の種子、松阪市や京都の織物などの伊勢近隣や道中の名産品や最新の物産(軽くてかさばらず、壊れないものがよく買われた)を購入する。
- Pilgrims would sightsee along the way, pray for all other members in Ise, and buy talismans, seeds of new varieties of crops, specialties and the latest products (light, compact, and strong products were commonly purchased) found in the neighboring areas of Ise as well as along the way, such as textile fabrics of Matsuzaka City and Kyoto, as souvenirs.
- 永禄5年(1562年)美濃攻めの際、軽海の戦いにおいて敵将・稲葉又衛門の首を前田利家と譲り合って埒があかないので、柴田勝家がその首をあげ、その次第を報告して信長に三人とも褒められたという(常山記談・名将言行録等)。
- In the Battle of Keikai during attack of Mino in 1562, he and Toshiie MAEDA offered the neck of Mataemon INABA each other, which remained unsettled, so Katsuie SHIBATA cut the neck and reported what happened to Nobunaga and Nobunaga commended three of them (according to Jyozankidan and Meisho Genkoroku [the collections of anecdotes of great commanders in Japanese history]).
- 「今、赤穂浪士の罪を明らかにし、武士の礼でもって切腹に処せられれば、彼らも本懐であろうし、実父を討たれたのに手出しすることを止められた上杉家の願いも満たされようし、また、忠義を軽視してはならないという道理も立つ。」
- Now, if we reveal the crime of Ako Roshi and they are punished by Seppuku based on Rei of samurai, they must be satisfied and also the wish of the Uesugi family, who was stopped from avenging the killing of their father, must be fulfilled, and the order that allegiance must not be understated will make sense.'
- それは豊臣方右翼として真田軍、左翼として毛利勝永軍を四天王寺・茶臼山古墳 (大阪市)付近に陣形し射撃戦と突撃を繰り返し家康の陣形に対し本陣を孤立させ、明石全登の軽騎兵団を迂回させ家康本陣を横撃させるというものだった。
- It was to deploy Sanada's army as the right wing and Katsunaga MORI's army as the left wing of Toyotomi's side around Chausuyama Tumulus at Shitenno-ji Temple (Osaka City), repeat the firefight and offensive in order to isolate the headquarters of Tokugawa's army, and send light cavalry troops of Takenori AKASHI get around to attack the headquarters of Ieyasu from the side.
- 産業振興や軍備拡張によって、財政膨張を続ける政府財政の無駄を削減して(政費節減/経費節減)、その削減分に相応した地租などを削減して重税に苦しむ国民の負担を軽減して(民力休養)、国民生活の再建を図るべきとする主張である。
- Minryoku-Kyuyou and Seihi-Setsugen asserted the reduction in the waste in the growing government's finances due to industrial advancement and the build up of armaments (Seihi-Setsugen and Keihi-Setsugen), and the alleviation of tax burden on people suffering from heavy taxation by a reduction of the land tax with a decrease of waste (Minryoku-Kyuyou) to reestablish lives of people.
- なお『仮名手本忠臣蔵』に登場するお軽のモデルは彼女だが、この作品の中では早野勘平(萱野三平がモデル)の恋人で、寺岡平右衛門(寺坂吉右衛門がモデル)の妹ということになっており、その他の創作でもこの設定で描かれることが多い。
- She is the model for Okaru in 'Kanadehon Chushingura' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers), but in this story, she is a girlfriend of Kanpei HAYANO (Sanpei KAYANO is the model) and a younger sister of Heiemon TERAOKA (Kichiemon TERASAKA is the model) and such plot is usually used in other works.
- しかしながら、地租改正当時の測量技術が未熟であったこと、時間と人員の制約から測量の専門家でない素人が測量にあたったこと、また税の軽減を図るために故意に過小に測量したことなどから、その内容は必ずしも正確なものではなかった。
- However, the details of survey at the time of land-tax reform were not necessarily accurate; it was because the survey technique used was primitive, people who were not the specialists for survey engaged in the task owning to the constraints of time and human resources, and there existed people who deliberately underestimated their land to deduce tax.
- 所払は11年、江戸払14年、江戸十里四方追放17年、軽追放20年、中追放23年、重追放26年、遠島29年、非人手下10年、武士や僧侶の処分取消は11年という基準が定められ、これを越える服役をして初めて資格を得たのである。
- Convicts were eligible for a pardon after serving the specified period of term; namely, 11 years for banishment from one's residence (tokorobarai); 14 years for banishment from Edo (Edobarai); 17 years for banishment from Edo and its outskirts (Edo Juri Shiho Tsuiho); 20 years for light banishment (Keitsuiho); 23 years for medium banishment (Chutsuiho); 26 years for heavy banishment (Jutsuiho); 29 years for exile to a remote island (ento); 10 years for outcast; and 11 years for rehabilitation for Samurai and Buddhist monks.
- 中国の正史・『隋書』「」には、「」(その俗(中略)自餘は軽重をもって(中略)あるいは杖す)とあり俀國(倭国)において7世紀初頭には既に杖罪が存在していた事が記されており、その起源は少なくとも6世紀にまで遡れるようである。
- The beginning of flogging can at least be traced back to the sixth century, because there is a record in China's official history book Suisho (The Book of the Sui Dynasty) which says 'in this world (…) otherwise depending on the severity (…) they get flogged', which shows that this kind of punishment existed in Yamato (Japan) at the beginning of the seventh century.
- 元禄期津軽藩の茶道役野本道玄の「珠光流聞書」には珠光の弟子である一樹庵光玉を流祖とする系図が示されているが、ほぼ同時期の宗匠である鈴木備長庵による「茶道珠光流系譜」によれば流祖は村田珠光であり備長庵は7代にあたるとされる。
- Although 'Juko-ryu kikigaki (dictation of oral narrative, or interview report about the Juko school)' shows the family tree whose founder was Kogyoku Ichijuan, one of the disciples of Juko, written by Dogen NOMOTO, who was a sadoyaku (a tea-server sustaining Japanese tea ceremony of bakufu and domains) during the Genroku period, 'Sado Juko-ryu Keifu (family tree of the Juko school of tea ceremony)' written by Bichoan SUZUKI, the tea master of almost the same period as Dogen NOMOTO, reads that the founder of the Juko school was Juko MURATA and the seventh-generation head of the school was Bichoan SUZUKI.
- 李登輝の時代に監修された台湾の歴史教科書「認識台湾(歴史編)」では、従来地方史として軽視されていた台湾史を本国史として扱い、特に日本の統治時代を重点的に論じたが、この認識台湾は陳水扁の民進党政権時代に公教育から撤廃された。
- The history textbook compiled during Teng-hui LEE's tenure titled '認識台湾 (歴史編)' (Perception of Taiwan [History]) treated the history of Taiwan, which had been neglected as regional history, as national history, and focused on the period of Japanese rule, but the Democratic Progress Party government led by Shui-bian CHEN stopped adopting the textbook in the public education.
- 足軽頭…川村伝兵衛(400石)、八島宗右衛門(300石)、進藤俊式(400石)、小山良師(300石)、佐藤伊右衛門(300石)、(江戸から急使として原元辰(300石)、浅野家飛領の加東群から吉田兼亮(200石)もこの後着穂)
- Chief foot soldiers - Denbei KAWAMURA (400 koku), Soemon YASHIMA (300 koku), Toshimoto SHINDO(400 koku), Yoshimoro OYAMA (300 koku), Iemon SATO (300 koku), (Mototoki HARA who was the express messenger from Edo, (300 koku)), Kanesuke YOSHIDA (200 koku) (who later arrived in Ako from Asano family's distant territory, Kato District)
- なお、勲等に叙す慣習がなくなった今日でも、勲等を詐称することは、位階・学位その他法令に定めた称号、あるいは外国においてそれらに準ずるものを含めて軽犯罪法第1条15項において違法とされ、違反した場合、拘留又は科料に処せられる。
- There is no institution of the medals for merit in Japan at present, but still, the false statement of the medals for merit, including the rank, the academic degree, and any other titles stipulated in the law as well as those corresponding to them in the foreign countries, is treated as illegal according to the Minor Offense Act Article 1 Section 15; the person who violates the law receives punishment like detention or light fine.
- 奴隷は前時代の私奴婢・部曲の流れを汲み、唐代までは荘園内の労働において重要な役目を担っていたが、宋代になると佃戸による耕作の方が所有者・管理者の負担が軽く、次第に佃戸に切り替えられたり、奴隷の雇傭者化が進むことになっていった。
- Slaves were in the tradition of shinuhi (privately-owned slave) and buqu (a serf) and until the Tang dynasty they had played an important role in the labor service in shoens, but in the Sung dynasty the cultivation by denko cost less for the owners and the managers and gradually the labor was charged to denko and slaves progressively became employees.
- これは、新幹線が開業する前は1本の(特急等の)列車で済んでいたものが、開業したことによって複数の(新幹線と特急等の)列車に分割されることによる合計後の特急料金等の負担増を軽減することをそもそもの目的として設けられたものである。
- Many destinations could be reached riding on a (for example, limited express) train before Shinkansen lines started their operations, but after their operations were started, it has become necessary to ride on more than one train (for example, a Shinkansen train and a limited-express) to reach these destinations, and this system has originally been introduced to alleviate increases in total limited express fees in such cases.
- その後、浪岡御所北畠顕村の浪岡城を攻め落とすなど、為信は天正16年(1588年)頃には津軽地方と外ヶ浜と糠部の一部を集中に収める事に成功し、天正18年(1590年)には豊臣秀吉の小田原征伐に参陣して、秀吉より所領を安堵された。
- Later, Tamenobu captured the Namioka-jo Castle of Akimura KITABATAKE called 'Imperial Palace of Namioka', succeeded in taking control of the Tsugaru region and parts of Sotogahama and Mekanobu by around 1588, and in 1590 he took part in the conquest and siege of Odawara headed by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and had his territory approved by Hideyoshi.
- なお、明治40年制定の現行刑法では、殺人未遂罪に相当すると考えられるが、現行刑法では、自ら積極的に行為を中止した場合(中止未遂)の場合を除き、未遂による減軽は裁判官の裁量によるため、殺人罪の法定刑である死刑となる可能性はある。
- According to the current penal code enacted in 1907, Tsuda may be accused of attempted murder, but still there is a possibility that he is sentenced death penalty, because commutation for failed criminal cases are decided at discretion of judges except when a criminal gave up completion of crime on his own will.
- 現代では茶道においても共通する客をもてなす本来の懐石の意味が廃れ、茶会の席上で空腹のまま刺激の強い茶を飲むことを避け、茶をおいしく味わう上で差し支えのない程度の軽食や類似の和食コース料理を指すといった実利的な意味に変化している。
- Today, the original meaning of kaiseki, which is entertaining guests, has faded away and it means such practical things as a light meal or similar Japanese multi-course meal served at tea parties which is served to avoid drinking strong tea on an empty stomach and has no connection to the appreciation of tea.
- 明治28年(1895年)、無二三の窮状を見かねた寄宿生たちは負担軽減のために寄宿舎より転宿、無二三も両門町・岩崎弥太郎邸(現・東京都文京区湯島。但し、岩崎邸完成は翌1896年で、この頃は建設中と思われる)裏にて改めて下宿屋を開く。
- In 1895, boarders, who saw the wretched condition of Munizo, decided to move away from the boarding house to lessen the burden, and Munizo used the back of the residence of Yataro IWASAKI in Ryomo Town (currently in Yushima, Bunkyo Ward, Tokyo; the residence of IWASAKI was completed in the following 1896, and it is believed that it was still under construction then) to create a boarding house.
- 足高の制によって、役職を退任すれば石高は旧来の額に戻るため、幕府の財政的な負担が軽減できるというのが最大の利点であった(ただし、遠国奉行は出費の機会が他の役職よりも多いことを考慮されて足高の有無を問わずに役料が別個に支給された)。
- The greatest benefit of Tashidaka system was that a financial load of the bakufu would be reduced because an amount of yield was returned to the past amount after retiring from a post under this system (however, taking it into consideration that ongoku-bugyo [the collective name of the magistrates placed at important areas directly controlled by the government in the Edo period] had more opportunities of spending expenses than people at other posts, yakuryo [executive allowance] was supplied separately whether or not tashidaka [wage] was paid).
- 実際に国会質疑等でも取り上げられてはいるが、答弁はその場しのぎのごまかしを繰り返すばかりであり、大きな進展はない(こうしたことは林野庁の予算が少ないためであり、国が第一次産業を軽視しているのが根本的な原因との見方もないわけではない)。
- Diet discussions take place but lead only to repeated ad hoc piecemeal measures with no major progress made (there are those who consider the fundamental reasons of this to be the small budget allocated to the Forestry Agency and neglect of the nation's primary industry).
- 上記で安堵された所領には、十三湊も、系図により本来の根拠地とされている藤崎町も含まれていないが、「湊」を十三湊とする見解、十三湊は「蝦夷の沙汰」に含まれるとする見解、「津軽西浜」に含まれるとする見解(「湊」は大畑漁港と見る)などがある。
- Among the territories, the ownership of which was authorized by the above mentioned documents, does not include either Tosaminato or Fujisaki-cho, which was the clan's place of origin according to the genealogy, however, there are several interpretations on the names of these documents, for example, 'Minato' means Tosaminato, Tosaminato is included in 'Ezonosata' or included in 'Tsugaru-nishihama' (in the latter, Minato [harbor] is interpreted as Ohata-gyoko [fishery harbor]), etc.
- 大垣藩戸田家から送られてきていた警備兵たちや堀部武庸らが刀を持って追い払い、さらに翌朝には本家の浅野綱長にも警備の兵が依頼されて、小堀新五右衛門(大番物頭)が指揮する広島藩兵(足軽50名・小人30名)が到着し、上屋敷は治安を取り戻した。
- They were able to maintain public order only after the guards who were sent from the Toda family of Ogaki Domain as well as Taketsune HORIBE chased them off with swords in their hands, and troops of Hiroshima Domain (50 foot soldiers, 30 kobito) led by Shingoemon KOBORI (military commander for the castle guards) arrived upon the request from the head family Tsunanaga ASANO the next day.
- 年齢、キャリアからすれば薩摩閥の中核となるべき人物であったが、財政面以外での政治手腕には欠けるところがあった(2度の内閣がともに閣内分裂が理由であっけなく倒れた)ために軽んじられており、それゆえ派閥をまとめることが出来なかったといわれる。
- In terms of his age and career, he could have been a key figure in Satsuma clique, but he didn't have adequate political skills except finance (his first and second cabinets both collapsed easily because of internal division), which caused him being underestimated, and for that reason, he is said to have failed to hold factions together.
- 吉良家は小林平八郎、清水一学、鳥居利右衛門、新貝弥七郎、須藤与一右衛門、斎藤清右衛門、左右田源八郎、大須賀次郎右衛門、小境源次郎、鈴木元右衛門、笠原七次郎、榊原平右衛門、鈴木松竹、牧野春斎、ほか足軽2名の死者を出し、負傷者23人であった。
- People who lost their lives fighting for the Kira family included Heihachiro KOBAYASHI, Ichigaku SHIMIZU, Riemon TORII, Yashichiro SHINKAI, Yoichiemon SUDO, Seiemon SAITO, Genpachiro SODA, Jiroemon OSUGA, Genjiro KOZAKAI, Motoemon SUZUKI, Shichijiro KASAHARA, Heiemon SAKAKIBARA, Shochiku SUZUKI, and Shunsai MAKINO, two foot soldiers and 23 people were wounded
- スポーツチャンバラの原点はごっこ遊びとしてのチャンバラと、護身術としての棒術の延長にあり、適度な長さの棒で相手を打ち据える(試合で使用する器具は中空の軟質素材であるため怪我の心配が無く、また顔には専用の軽量な防具をつける)というものである。
- The origin of sports chanbara is an extension of make-believe game chanbara as well as art of defense using a stick as a weapon, in which an appropriate length stick is used to beat an opponent (hollow soft material stick is used for game, so there is no concern about injury and also special lightweight protective gear is put on face).
- 刑罰について特別の斟酌(しんしゃく)をうける六議(ろくぎ)の制度のみならず、有位者がその位階に応じて罪の軽減をうけたり、また現実には、八虐(はちぎやく)・殺人などの重罪を犯さないかぎり一般の刑罰をうけることがなかったことは、その一例である。
- For instance, in addition to the rokugi (six considerations) system where special allowance was made for punishment, those with rank had their punishment reduced based upon their rank, or in reality, did not receive general punishment unless they committed crimes such as hachigyaku (the eight most abominable acts or omissions) or homicide.
- そこでの決議をもとに、請願活動や高利貸との交渉を行うも不調に終わり、租税の軽減・義務教育の延期・借金の据え置き等を政府に訴えるための蜂起が提案され、大宮郷(埼玉県秩父市)で代々名主を務める家の出身である田代栄助が総理(代表)として推挙された。
- Based on the decisions they made there, they had petitioning activity and negotiations with usurers only to fail, therefore, an uprising was proposed in order to make an petition for tax reduction, postponement of compulsory education and deferment of debt to the government, and Eisuke TASHIRO, whose family acted as a nanushi (village headman) for generations in Omiyago (Chichibu City, Saitama Prefecture) was recommended for their representative.
- 『武公伝』は武蔵直弟子であった士水(山本源五左衛門)の直話として「士水伝えて云、武公肥後にての門弟、太守はじめ長岡式部寄之、沢村宇右衛門友好、その他、御家中、御側、外様、及陪臣、軽士に至り千余人なり」とこぞって武蔵門下に入ったことを伝えている。
- Musashi's biography 'Buko-den' describes his popularity in Kumamoto 'according to Shisui (Gengozaemon YAMAMOTO, a direct disciple of Musashi), over a thousand swordsmen, including the Lord, of course, NAGAOKA Shikibu Yoriyuki, SAWAMURA Uemon Tomoyoshi, vassals, secretaries, vassals of other clans, guest retainers and statesmen in lower position, from all over the Higo Province (present Kumamoto Prefecture), came and entered Musashi's school.'
- 具体的には「関税自主権を行使させない」ことや「治外法権などを認めさせる」ことで、ある国の企業や人が、憲法及び法典のない国に商品を輸入したりする際に莫大な税金を要求されたり、軽犯罪によって死刑を被ったりすることを避けることを目的としたものである。
- Specifically, its objective is to 'prevent the enforcement of tariff autonomy' or 'have extraterritoriality approved' and thereby avoid a situation where a corporation or person from one country is requested to pay an enormous amount of tax when importing commodities to a country which has no constitution or legal codes, or is sentenced to death for a petty crime.
- 806年には桓武天皇の前で藤原緒嗣といわゆる「徳政論争」を行い、農民の負担軽減のために軍事・造作を停止すべきとの緒嗣の主張に強く反対するが、天皇は緒嗣の主張を採択し、計画中であった蝦夷征伐と平安宮造宮の中止、造宮職の廃止と木工寮への統合が決まった。
- In 806, he had so-called 'Tokusei ronso (argument over virtuous government)' with FUJIWARA no Otsugu in front of Emperor Kanmu, and although he strongly opposed Otsugu's insistence to cease the military affairs and construction in order to reduce farmers' burdens, the Emperor adopted Otsugu's insistence and canceled the punitive expedition to Ezo and construction of Heian-kyo Palace
- 近年の中西康裕らの説では、道鏡が実際に皇位を狙ったとすれば極刑に該当する重罪であるにも関わらず称徳天皇崩御後の下野への流刑は罰としてはあまりにも軽く、浄人ら一族関係者にも死罪が出ていないことから、皇位継承を企てたという説は「後付」ではないかとされる。
- According to the opinion of Yasuhiro NAKANISHI and others in recent years, Dokyo's plot to ascend the Imperial Throne might have been 'added' by people in the later generations from the reasons that the exile to Shimotsuke was too light if Dokyo really aimed at ascending the Imperial Throne since it is a serious crime falling under the maximum penalty, and that people related to Dokyo including Kiyohito were not punished by the capital punishment.
- 秀吉の父・弥右衛門は百姓であったとされるが、百姓=農民とするのは後代の用例であり、弥右衛門の主たる生業は織田家の足軽だったとする説もある(一説には百姓では思いつかないような発想などから秀吉は武家へ仕官以前は針の行商人で商人出身であったという説がある)。
- Hideyoshi's father, Yaemon was said to be a 'Hyakusyo', but it is a later way to see 'Hyakusyo' as a farmer and there is an opinion that his main business was 'Ashigaru' (conscripted foot-soldiers) of ODA clan (there is an another opinion that Hideyoshi was a peddler of needles before serving warlords and had a origin of merchant class, judging from his different ideas which a farmer could not hit).
- こういった問題において、例えば箸は軽度の意識障害や指先の運動機能障害がある場合に大変扱い難い食器となってしまうわけだが、ここで先割れスプーン(特に先端部がフォーク状になっているもの)を使うと、無理な姿勢で食器に顔を近づけずとも、口元まで食事を運びやすい。
- For instance, in these problems, chopsticks are difficult to use for people who have disturbance of consciousness or motility disorder of fingertips, here, if they use spork (particularly, they use the spork with fork-like tip), it is easy for them to bring food to their mouths without moving their faces to eating utensils in unnatural posture.
- またルイス・フロイスの『日本史』(Historia de Iapan)や、変に従軍した光秀配下の武士が江戸時代に書いたという『本城惣右衛門覚書』によれば、当時、重職以外の足軽や統率の下級武士は京都本能寺にいる徳川家康を討つものと信じていた、とされている。
- According to 'Historia de Iapan' by Luis Frois and 'Honjo Soemon Oboegaki' (literally, 'memorandum of Soemon HONJO') that is reportedly written by a samurai under Mitsuhide who followed the army in the Incident, ashigaru (foot soldier) and low-level samurai in command of them believed at that time that they would attack Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who was staying in the Honno-ji Temple in Kyoto.
- しかし鉄道局長官井上勝は、当時ドイツに留学中の仙石と吉川三次郎からの報告により、明治18年(1885年)ドイツで60‰の勾配をラック式鉄道(歯型レール)で登る鉄道が完成したことを知り、横川駅 (群馬県)~軽井沢駅間をアプト式鉄道で建設することを決定した。
- However the director of the Railway Bureau, Masaru INOUE knew that a railway going up a 60 ‰ grade by rack-style railway (toothprint-style railway) had been completed in Germany in 1885 from a report by Sengoku and Sanjiro YOSHIKAWA who had been studying in Germany at that time, therefore he decided to construct Abt-system railway between Yokogawa Station (Gunma Prefecture) and Karuizawa Station.
- しかし「総司=ヒラメ顔」説は、佐藤彦五郎のひ孫が、テレビで谷春雄の話に軽くノってつい口走ってしまったのが始まりらしいのだが、谷は「総司がヒラメ顔」というのは“のっぺらぼうという意味ではなくて、一族や兄弟の写真がみな目の間隔が寄っているから”と話している。
- However, the origin of the 'Soji's face is like a flatfish' belief seemed to be a light jokey answer made by a great grand son of Hikogoro SATO when Haruo TANI said a lighthearted joke to him in a TV program, and according to Tani, 'Soji's face is like a flatfish' does not mean his face is flat but the two eyes of other family members including his sisters in photos are closely-spaced.
- 軽快な演出を持ち味にしており、『南海の大決闘』、『ゴジラの息子』と続けて担当した二作では、シリーズでおなじみの伊福部昭ではなく、佐藤勝に作曲を依頼しているが、「伊福部さんだとどうしても重くなっちゃうんで、佐藤さんにやってもらいました」とコメントしている。
- He had a style of using lighthearted effects, and asked Akira IFUKUBE and Masaru SATO to compose music for consecutive films he managed, 'Nankai no daiketto' (Great Battle of Southern Sea) and 'Godzilla no musuko' (Son of Godzilla) since 'if only Akira IFUKUBE composed the music, it tends to become moody so I asked Mr. Saito as well' as he claimed in the comment.
- それまでは上野介様も、慎み仰せつけられ、再応糾しの上、いよいよ神妙に相い聞き、なんの恨みも受け候儀もこれなく、全く内匠頭乱心にて刃傷に及び候筋もこれあり候はば、御称美の御取り扱いもこれあるべき所、今日に今日の御称美は余り御手軽にて御座候」と抗議したという。
- Kozuke no suke answered when he was investigated that takumi-no-kami could be beside himself to slash him because he had done nothing to be held a grudge, forcing takumi-no-kami to Seppuku on the same day is too easy and quick decision.' when Akihide KATO and Shigetomi INAGAKI, who were wakadoshiyori, informed that decision of Okado.
- 『懐風藻』によると696年(持統10年)の高市皇子の死去の後、持統天皇が数ある天武天皇の皇子達を退け孫の軽皇子(後の文武天皇)を皇太子にしようとした際、それに与し、日本では古来から直系相続が行われており、兄弟相続は争いのもとだとして天皇位の直系相続を主張した。
- According to 'Kaifusou' (Fond Recollections of Poetry), when the Emperor Jito intended to make the grandson, the Prince Karu (later the Emperor Monmu) as the crown prince after Takechi no miko died in 696 rejecting the Emperor Tenmu's princes, Kado no okimi insisted the direct line succession of the imperial throne which had been carried form ancient Japan, and the interfraternal succession would cause conflict.
- 早水藤左衛門と萱野三平の第一の急使、足軽飛脚による第二の急使、原惣右衛門と大石瀬左衛門の第三の急使、町飛脚による第四・第五・第六の急使、と次々に赤穂藩邸から国許赤穂市へ情報が送られ、3月28日までには刃傷事件・浅野内匠頭切腹・赤穂藩改易といった情報が出揃った。
- A stream of information came from Ako Domain's hantei (residence maintained by a daimyo in Edo) to the provincial capitol of Ako: the first dispatch came from Tozaemon HAYAMI and Sampei KAYANO, the second from an ashigaru (common foot soldier) and express messenger, the third from Soemon HARA and Sezaemon OISHI, and the fourth, fifth and sixth from town express messengers, until, by March 28, information such as the assassination attempt, the Seppuku of Asano Takumi no Kami and the Kaieki of Ako Domain arrived.
- 幕末になって江戸幕府及び諸藩は、火縄銃装備の「鉄砲組」を廃止し、洋式銃装備の「歩兵隊」や「銃隊」を作る必要に迫られたが、従来の足軽身分のものだけでは不十分なケースが多々見られ、こうした場合、新たに人員を募集し戦国時代の足軽隊に似た歩兵部隊を創設することがあった。
- At the end of the Edo period, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and its domains were forced to eliminate their 'matchlock infantry' armed with matchlocks and to form a 'musket infantry' or 'musket unit' armed with Western style firearms, however, the number of ashigaru (common foot soldiers) was sometimes not enough to form these infantries or units and, in these cases, new members were recruited to create a musket infantry similar to the ashigaru troops in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
- 並行在来線(の一部)が廃止されたり第三セクター鉄道に転換されたりして「並行するJR線」が消滅した区間(長野新幹線の高崎駅 - 軽井沢駅 - 長野駅間・東北新幹線の盛岡駅 - 八戸駅間・九州新幹線の新八代駅 - 川内駅間)については、実際のキロ数を営業キロとする。
- When a 'JR line operated in parallel' has become unused because (a portion of) a regular railway line operated in parallel has been abolished or has been transferred to a joint public-private venture railway company (for examples, the section from Takasaki Station to Karuizawa Station to Nagano Station on the Nagano Shinkansen line, the section between Morioka Station and Hachinohe Station on the Tohoku Shinkansen line, and the section between Shin-Yatsushiro Station and Sendai Station on the Kyushu Shinkansen line), the actual route distance is used for the fare calculation.
- 丸本物では『仮名手本忠臣蔵』のお軽、塩冶判官、お石、『義経千本櫻』の静御前、『妹背山婦女庭訓』お三輪、『新版歌祭文』(野崎村)のお光、『攝州合邦辻』(合邦庵室)の玉手御前、『菅原伝授手習鑑』の桜丸、『勧進帳』や『一谷嫩軍記・熊谷陣屋』の義経などが当たり役であった。
- He gained a reputation for roles such as Okaru, Enya hangan and Oishi of 'Kanadehon Chushingura,' Shizuka Gozen of 'Yoshitsune Senbonzakura' (Yoshitsune and One Thousand Cherry Trees), Omiwa of 'Imoseyama (Mt. Imose) Onna Teikin' (An Exemplary Tale of Womanly Virtue), Omitsu of 'Shinpan Utazaimon' (The Love of Osome and Hisamatsu) (Nozaki Village), Tamate-Gozen of 'Sesshu Gappo ga Tsuji' (A Kabuki Drama of Unfettered Evil) (Gappo Anjitsu [hermitage of Gappo]), Sakuramaru of 'Sugawara Denju Tenarai Kagami' (Sugawara's secrets of calligraphy) and Yoshitsune of 'Kanjincho' (The Subscription List) and 'Jinya KUMAGAI, Ichi no Tani Futabagunki' (Chronicle of the Battle of Ichinotani) in the area of maruhonmono (Kabuki drama of joruri [puppet-play] origin).
- 江戸時代の画史においてすでに「異端」「狂気」の画家と位置付けられていた蕭白の絵は、仙人、唐獅子、中国の故事など伝統的な画題を扱いながら、その画題を醜悪、剽軽に描き出すなど表現は型破りで破天荒なものであり、見る者の神経を逆撫でするような強い印象を与えずにはおかない。
- Paintings by Shohaku, who was already referred to as a 'maverick' or 'mad' painter in the art history of the Edo period, dealt with traditional subjects such as hermits, Karajishi (Chinese lions) and Chinese fables, but the way they were presented was unconventional and daring, with ugly and comical subjects that jangle the nerves and cannot fail to make strong impression.
- このような中で片岡健吉を代表とする高知県の民権派が、今回の混乱は国辱的な欧化政策と言論弾圧による世論の抑圧にあると唱えて、①言論の自由の確立②地租軽減による民心の安定③外交の回復(対等な立場による条約改正実現)を柱とした「三大事件建白」と呼ばれる建白書を提出した。
- Amidst these situations, the Civil-Right group in Kochi Prefecture submitted a petition called 'the three biggest petitions' focusing on 1) establishment of free speech, 2) restoring mental balance of civilians by reducing a land tax, and 3) recovery of diplomacy (realization of revision of a treaty on an equal footing), saying these unrests were because of a policy of Europeanization as national disgrace and oppression of public opinions.
- 西洋渡来の鞄などに比べ、包むものの大小・形状に囚われることなく変幻自在に包むことができること、包むものが無い時には畳んでかなり小さくすることができて軽量であることなど、その融通性・自在性が、環境問題への貢献とともに、「風呂敷」が近年見直されている点であると考えられる。
- Furoshiki' has been reassessed recently due allegedly to its flexibility and unrestrictedness indicated by the facts that, as compared with bags and so on introduced from abroad, it can be used to wrap up things freely without being restricted by sizes and shapes of things to be wrapped, it can be folded up to reduce its size and it is lightweight, and due to its possible contribution to environmental protection.
- しかし、検地を実施して年貢を厳しく取り立てたことや旧大崎・葛西家臣の地侍等を家臣に採用せず、これへ刀狩をおこなったこと、さらには浪人から登用されたり足軽・中間などから俄に侍に出世した吉清の家臣が領民に乱暴狼藉を繰り返したことなどから領内に一揆が起きた(葛西大崎一揆)。
- However, an uprising occurred in the territory due to such reasons as severe collection of nengu (land tax) by implementing land survey, failing to use jizamurai (local samurai) of former Osaki and Kasai clan as vassals, adopted Sword Hunt against those jizamurai, and Yoshikiyo's vassals who were originally ronin (masterless samurai), ashigaru (common foot soldier) or chugen (a rank below common soldier) repeatedly acted violence and assault to the people of the domain (the Kasai-Osaki-ikki (the revolt of the former retainers of the Kasai clan and the Osaki clan).
- 孝明天皇は和宮に配慮し、江戸城へ生母の観行院、乳母の土御門藤子、女官の庭田嗣子(仁孝天皇の典侍)、鴨脚克子を同行させて精神的な不安を軽減させたほか、典薬寮の医師も数人付随させ(うち一人は降嫁後も江戸に常駐)、万が一関東の地で病を得ても都と同じ治療が受けられるようにした。
- Worrying about Princess Kazunomiya, Emperor Komei made her real mother Kangyoin, her menoto Fujiko TSUCHIMIKADO and the court lady Tsuguko NIWATA (a court lady of the first rank to Emperor Ninko), Katsuko ICHO go with her in order to lessen her mental uneasiness, and several doctors of Bureau of Medicine (one of the doctors also resided in Edo after her down-ranking marriage) so that she could receive the same treatment as in the capital in case she might get sick in Kanto area by any chance.
- なお、2002年3月改正では、湖西線列車が大阪方面からの新快速と接続するダイヤとなったが、新快速の軽微な遅れによる湖西線への影響が大きかったため、2006年3月のダイヤ改正(いわゆるゆとりダイヤ導入)以降、夜の一部列車を除き新快速の到着前に湖西線が発車するようになった。
- With the schedule revision of March 2002, the train to the Kosei Line was connected to the special rapid train from Osaka; however, a slight delay in the special rapid train greatly affected the schedule of the Kosei Line, and therefore the schedule was changed in March 2006 (the introduction of a so-called uncongested schedule) in order to have the train to the Kosei Line leave before the arrival of the special rapid train, except for some trains at night.
- 発端の大学之助の懸想は忠臣蔵大序における師宣の、第三幕の俊行の計略は忠臣蔵の七段目由良之助の、五幕目のおりよ殺しと五十両強奪は五段目の定九郎の与市兵衛殺しの、第六幕のお亀の身売りは六段目のお軽の、大詰めの兄弟の名乗りは『伊賀越道中双六』の平作と重兵衛の名乗りを下敷きにしたもの。
- The love of Daigakunosuke in Act 1 is based on that of Moronobu in Act 1 of Chushingura; the plot of Toshiyuki in Act 3 is based on that of Yuranosuke in Act 7 of Chushingura; the murder of Oriyo and robbery of 50 ryo in Act 5 is based on the murder of Yoichibe by Sadakuro in Act 5; Okame's selling herself in Act 6 is based on that of Okaru in Act 6; brothers' revealing their identity in the final act is based on that of Heisaku and Jubei in 'Iga-goe Dochu Sugoroku' (Revenge Sought Across the Path of Iga).
- 機関車などにみられる「動力集中方式」(無動力の客車を牽引する方式で、ヨーロッパで多く採用されている動力集中方式プッシュプル方式もこの形式に属する)ではなく、動力を編成各車両に分散させる「動力分散方式」(電車方式)を用いて、加減速能力の向上・軽量化・軌道への負荷軽減を図っている。
- For powering trains, instead of the 'concentrated traction system' used for locomotives (including the many push-pull type concentrated traction systems employed in Europe, in which non-powered passenger train-cars are pulled), the distributed traction system (electric train-car system) in which motive force is distributed to each train-car, is used to increase the acceleration/deceleration ability, to make the train-cars lighter and to reduce the load on the railways.
- 事件後の神護景雲3年10月の詔勅によって称徳天皇自身が改めて皇位継承者を自らが決める意思を強調していること(坂本太郎 (歴史学者)以来、これを道鏡への譲位断念と解釈されるが、細井は皇族の軽挙を戒めているが、天皇が意中の人物(道鏡を含めて)を求める旨を強調したに過ぎないとする)。
- That the Empress Shotoku emphasized her intention again to appoint the successor to the Imperial Throne herself in an imperial rescript issued in November 769, which was after the incident; (Since the time of Taro SAKAMOTO [historian], this has been interpreted as the renunciation to let Dokyo ascend the throne; Hosoi thinks that it was no more than that the empress only emphasized her intention to enthrone a person in her mind [including Dokyo] while cautioning Imperial family members and court nobles not to act rashly.)
- だが、植木は「会議は禁止されても代表に会う事までは禁じられていない」として、5月4日に淀川上の船上で大阪入りできた代表と会合を持ち、5月10日に京都祇園で改めて2府15県代表44名と会議を開催して先に禁錮刑を受けた小原鉄臣を代表者として「酒税軽減嘆願書」を起草して政府に提出した。
- Ueki, however, held a meeting with delegates who managed to arrive in Osaka on board on the Yodo-gawa River on May 4, saying 'the council is prohibited, but it is not prohibited to meet the delegates,' held the council with 44 delegates from 17 prefectures in Gion, Kyoto at another time on May 10, and made Tetsuomi KOHARA who had been imprisoned before represent participants to draft and submit 'The Petition for Liquor Tax Reduction' to the government.
- その間に大石良昭(嫡男・大石家の跡継ぎ)、小山良速(次男・広島藩浅野家家臣となる)、小山良師(三男・赤穂藩足軽頭300石)、ちょう(長女・赤穂藩重臣近藤正憲の妻)、大石良次(四男・高松藩松平家家臣となる)、つう(次女・進藤俊式の妻)、千代松(三女・広島藩士進藤吉大夫妻)の7人の子を儲けた。
- Between them they had 7 children: Yoshiaki OISHI (legitimate child and successor of the Oishi family), Yoshizumi OYAMA (second son who became retainer of the Asano family of Hiroshima Domain), Yoshikazu OYAMA (third son and foot soldier of 300 koku in Ako Domain), Cho (eldest daughter, wife of Masanori KONDO, the chief retainer of the Ako domain), Yoshitsugi OISHI (fourth son who became chief retainer of the Matsudaira family in the Takamatsu Domain, Tsuu (second daughter and wife of Toshimoto SHINDO) and Chiyomatsu (third daughter and wife of Kichidayu SHINDO, a feudal retainer of Hiroshima Domain.
- 1980年代までのタクシー車両は、燃費の関係上、AT(オートマチックトランスミッション)車よりも、MT(マニュアルトランスミッション)車が多く用いられていたが、現在では、AT車の改良により燃費も改善されMT車との格差が少なくなってきたことや、乗務員の疲労軽減等からAT車が主流になっている。
- Up to 1980's, manual transmission vehicles were more common than automatic transmission vehicles for taxis because of the better fuel consumption, but because automatic transmission vehicles have been being improved and there is little difference in fuel consumption between these two types and to reduce fatigue of taxi drivers, automatic transmission vehicles have been becoming mainstream for taxis.
- その身軽さから、近年では庭場にとらわれず、小学校の下校時にあわせて、子供向けに売り場を開く事もあり、年代によっては、校門の近くで、消えるカラーインクセットやカラー砂絵セット(色別に着色した硅砂と木工用ボンド)、カラー油土の型枠セット(カタ屋)などを「ころび」から購入した経験を持つものも多い。
- Due to the ease with which goods could be laid out, korobi have in recent times, regardless of the niwaba, set up other places when elementary school finishes, selling goods aimed at children, many of whom, depending on the period, bought things such as disappearing colored-ink sets, colored-sand picture sets (colored silica sand and glue), mold for colored clays (known as kataya) from 'korobi.'
- なお、アンドウの表記について諸史料では主として鎌倉時代から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけての津軽時代には「安藤氏」、室町時代中期以降の秋田時代には「安東氏」とされている例が多いことから、個人名表記は概ね15世紀半ばまでを「安藤」、以降を「安東」とするが、本稿では便宜上、氏族名は「安東」で統一する。
- Concerning the writing of its name 'Ando,' in those historical records generally state as, the clan used the denomination of '安藤 (Ando) clan' during the Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts when the clan was settled in Tsugaru region, while it was settled in Akita region in the mid-Muromachi period and after, its denomination came to be written '安東 (Ando) clan,' and therefore, the individual surnames of the clan until mid-15th century will be written as '安藤 (ANDO)' and after that it will be written as '安東 (ANDO),' and for the sake of simplicity, the clans name will be consistently written as the 'Ando' clan.
- 異母兄弟姉妹間での恋愛・婚姻は許されるが、同母兄弟姉妹間でのそれは許されなかったのが当時の人々の恋愛事情だったが、里中満智子作の天上の虹では実際に関係があった解釈がなされ、説得して伯父の軽大王(孝徳天皇)に嫁がせた後も関係を持った事をたまたま有間皇子に見られ、激怒した彼に叱責された場面等が見られる。
- In those days, romance and marriage were allowed between half-sisters and brothers from different mothers but not between half-brothers and sisters from the same mother; however, in the comic story 'Tenjo no niji (The Rainbow in the Sky),' by Machiko SATONAKA, it is described that there was a romance involving this kind of forbidden love; Hashihito no Himemiko was persuaded to marry with Karu no Miko (Emperor Kotoku), but she kept the relationship with Emperor Tenchi (Tenji), and Arima no Miko was furious after knowing this and became angry at Hashihito no Himemiko.
- (綱吉は桂昌院のために朝廷に従一位叙任の働きかけを行っていた時期でうまくいけばこの年にも叙任がある可能性が高かった)また、浅野内匠頭の叔父である内藤忠勝も似たような事件を起こしているにも拘わらず近親者が同様の事件を起こしたことから、これまでの処罰の軽さが今回の事件の一因となったと考えた可能性も高い。
- (Tsunayoshi was appealing to the Imperial Court for Keisho-in about Juichii [Junior First Rank] and it is highly likely she will be granted it in that year) Also, it is highly possible the weak punishment of the past contributed to that incident because despite Tadakatsu NAITO, the uncle of Asano Takumi no Kami, had committed the same crime, this time his close blood relatives did.
- 当時の百姓身分は農業や手工業の比較的規模の大きい経営者階層であり、この層に出自する者が地侍などの形で武士身分に食い込みを図るときには、勢力地盤となっている村の名前などを苗字とするのが普通であるし、そもそもこの階層は惣村共同体の足軽中で通用する程度に権威のある私称の苗字を保持しているのが通例であった。
- A farmer class of this age was a comparatively huge hierarchy, composed by businesspersons of agriculture and manufacture; when a person who was from this class tried to become warriors' class such as local samurai, he usually used a place name like home village's name as a surname, and people of this class usually had authorized surnames which they could use among 'Ashigaru' in the community of village.
- 近年の太鼓台では複数積み重ねた枠型をもちいて重ねた布団を模したものとなっており、これは近年の大型化にともない軽量化の必要性が生じたためと おもに市街での運行途中に電線や民家の屋根などとの接触を避けるため高所に警護の人員を配置せねばならなくなったことによるもので 近代~現代ならではの変化であるといえる。
- With the recent taikodai, it is just modern or present-day modifications to the taikodai that several piled frames, modeling the layered futon, are used for the necessity to lighten upsized taikodai, and to perch some guards on the top who prevent the taikodai from hitting the roof of private houses or electric wires on the way of parades in the urban areas.
- もう一つは、交流を禁止してしまったことで、ヨーロッパ(後にアメリカ合衆国も)で発達した産業革命による技術や文化を積極的に受け入れられなくなり、世界の潮流からとりのこされて科学文化が浸透せず(理系軽視)、ひいては太平洋戦争の敗戦の遠因ともなってしまった、とする和辻哲郎にみられるように否定的なものである。
- Another evaluation, typified by Tetsuro WATSUJI, argues that Japan fell behind the global current because of its inability to introduce technology and culture similar to what was being developed during the Industrial Revolution in Europe (later in the United States as well) due to its prohibition on exchanging with other countries; this not only resulted in the failure of Japan to make a scientific culture permeate throughout the nation (science courses were disregarded), but also became an underlying cause of defeat in the Pacific War.
- 地子稲収入は畿内・伊賀国では正税の補充に、大宰府管内諸国では対馬国・多禰国(後に廃止)の公廨の補充に、陸奥国・出羽国では兵士の兵糧や蝦夷への狄禄の補充に充てられ、他の令制国では中央に近い諸国や沿岸諸国では舂米の形で、それ以外の国々では地子交易を行って軽貨の形で太政官厨家に納入されることが定められていた。
- Jishito revenue was used for replenishment of shozei (the rice tax stored in provincial offices' warehouse) in the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) and Iga Province, and for maintaining public offices for Tsushima Province and Tane Province (abolished later) in provinces within Dazai-fu (local government office in Kyushu region), and for replenishment of army provisions for soldiers and for stipends to Ezo (northerners) in Mutsu Province and Dewa Province, and in other provinces under ryoseikoku (province), jishito was paid to Daijokan (Grand Council of State) in the form of shomai (rice made by pounding it in a mortar) in provinces near the central government or sea and in the form of keika (fabrics such as silk or cotton or other local specialties) after doing jishi trade in provinces other than those.
- 鉄火巻の名前の由来は、マグロの赤身が熱した鉄に似ているからという説、当時マグロを生で食べる習慣がなく、それをネタに使うことがとんでもないこと(まるで熱した鉄に触るようなもの)から「鉄火」と呼ばれるようになったという説や、昔、鉄火場(賭博場)で博打をしながら食べられる手軽な食事だったからだという説などがある。
- There are many explanations regarding the origin of the name, Tekkamaki, such that tuna's red flesh resembles red-hot iron, or it came to be called 'tekka' (iron fire) because, in those days, it was not the custom to eat raw tuna so using tuna flesh as an ingredient was a ridiculous thing (just like to touch hot iron), or, in old days, sushi was a kind of fast food which people could eat them while enjoying gambling at a tekkaba (gambling room).
- 暑寒別天売焼尻国定公園、ニセコ積丹小樽海岸国定公園、津軽国定公園、男鹿国定公園、鳥海国定公園、佐渡弥彦米山国定公園、能登半島国定公園、越前加賀海岸国定公園、若狭湾国定公園、北長門海岸国定公園、玄海国定公園、壱岐対馬国定公園など多くの地が国定公園の指定を受けているが、近時、道路港湾によりその風景は破壊されつつある。
- There are numerous areas along the Sea of Japan coastline that have been designated as quasi-national parks including the Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri Quasi-National Park, Niseko-Shakotan-Otaru Kaigan Quasi-National Park, Tsugaru Quasi-National Park, Oga Quasi-National Park, Chokai Quasi-National Park, Sado-Yahiko-Yoneyana Quasi-National Park, Noto Peninsula Quasi-National Park, Echizen Kaga Coast Quasi-National Park, Wakasa Bay Quasi-National Park, Kitanagato Beach Quasi-National Park, Genkai Quasi-National Park and Iki-Tsushima Quasi-National Park but recently, constructions of roads, ports and harbors are damaging those landscapes.
- 婆娑羅大名には多かれ少なかれ朝廷などの旧来の権威を軽んじる風潮があったが、直義にとって光厳上皇は兄・尊氏の征夷大将軍任命とそれを行った光明天皇の即位に対する大義名分を保障する唯一の権威(治天の君)であり、その権威を揺るがす行為を容認することは室町幕府の正統性そのものを否定することにもつながりかねない事と考えていた。
- Basara daimyo (unconventional warriors) in general more or less downplayed conventional authority such as the Imperial Court, but for Tadayoshi, the Retired Emperor Kogon was the only authority (chiten no kimi (supreme ruler)) that guaranteed a legitimate reason for the appointment of his older brother, Takauji, to Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and the reason for Emperor Komyo's ascent to the throne, and therefore, Tadayoshi thought that forgiving his behavior would threaten his authority and would negate the legitimacy of the Muromachi bakufu.
- 関ヶ原に至る東西両軍の戦いは七月一日の宇喜多秀家の独断での出陣式がきっかけであり、三成は準備不足であったことが指摘されている(義兄弟である真田昌幸の「どうして事前に相談してくれなかった」と三成に文句を言う手紙が現存しており、佐竹義宣 (右京大夫)、津軽為信、大谷吉継などその他の三成派も事前の相談を受けていなかった)。
- It is said that the kick-off ceremony held by Hideie UKITA on July 1 at his own discretion led to the Battle of Sekigahara involving both the eastern and western armies, and that Mitsunari was poorly prepared (Mitsunari's brother-in-law, Masayuki SANADA, complained to Mitsunari in his letter, 'Why didn't you ask me beforehand?' but Yoshinobu SATAKE (Ukyo-no-daibu), Tamenobu TSUGARU, Yoshitsugu OTANI and others of the Mitsunari faction weren't consulted beforehand, either).
- 国家権限の委譲とこれによる中央集権の過大な負担の軽減により、中央政界では政治が安定し、官職が特定の家業を担う家系に世襲される家職化が進み、貴族の最上位では摂関家が確立し、中流貴族に固定した階層は中央においては家業の専門技能によって公務を担う技能官人として行政実務を、地方においては受領となって地方行政を担った(平安貴族)。
- The transmission of governmental power and authority reduced the burden of the government, which enabled political stabilization of the central government, and facilitated the transfer of government posts according to heredity: among the aristocracy, the highest became Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents), the middle-class carried out administrative affairs based on the specialized skills related with their family businesses in the central government and carried out administration as Zuryo in the local regions (Nobles in the Heian period).
- 鎌倉末期から南北朝時代における安東氏の支配領域は、安藤宗季(上記の季久とする説が有力)による譲り状や安藤師季に対する北畠顕家安堵状によると、陸奥国鼻和郡絹家島、尻引郷、行野辺郷、蝦夷の沙汰、糠部郡宇曾利郷、中浜御牧、湊、津軽西浜以下の地頭御代官職となっており、現在の青森県地方のうち八戸近辺を除く沿岸部のほとんどと推定されている。
- It is supposed that, the Ando clan's territory during the late Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts consisted of the major part of the coastal regions except for the vicinity of current Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture, according to the documents such as a letter of concession by Munenori ANDO (the widely-accepted theory is that it was the same person as the above mentioned Suehisa) and Akiie KITABATAKE's certificate for the land directed to Morosue ANDO, in which it is mentioned that the clan was in charge of Jitoondaikan (deputy military governor) in Kinuka-jima, Shirihiki-go and Ikunobe-go, Ezo no sata of Hanawa County, Mutsu Province and in Usori-go, Nakahama-mimaki and Minato Tsugaru-nishihama of Nukabe County, Mutsu Province, and others.
- 戦いに於いては「義は山嶽より重く死は鴻毛より軽しと心得よ」と、「死は或いは泰山より重く或いは鴻毛より輕し」という古諺を言換え、「普段は命を無駄にせず、けれども時には義のため、喩えば天皇のため国のために、命を捨てよ」と命じた物とされる(戦陣訓『生きて虜囚の辱を受けず』、戦陣訓降伏・投降の否定の思想を参照)が、換言の意図は不明である。
- In terms of the war, an old saying 'Life is heavier than Mount Taishan in a sense, and lighter than a feather of a stork in another sense' was put in a phrase 'Keep it in mind that justice is heavier than a mountain and life is lighter than a feather of a stork,' that was an order meaning 'Do not waste life usually, but sometimes die for justice, for example for Emperor and the state' (cf. Senjinkun military code says, 'Do not live as a captive to be subjected to humiliating treatment', and the Senjinkun idea of denying surrender), though why it was rephrased is unclear.
- 家庭では定規張り(棒入巻張りとも)という法が生まれ、布幅より4~5cm長い定規棒を用い、布を濡らしたまま、または乾いたものをなかおもてにして、棒に巻き付け、刷毛に十分に糊を含ませ、板の脚の方から5~6cmは手でおさえながら張り、棒を板の上部まで軽く引っ張りながら貼り付け、手で縦糸横糸を直し、刷毛で上面から糊を引きながら、下から上へ小皺を直していく。
- For individual households, a technique called Jogi-bari (also called Boirimaki-bari) was invented as follows; after wrapping a piece of wet or dried fabric around a ruler bar, which exceeds the width of the fabric by 4-5cm, with the right side of the fabric facing toward the bar, stretching out the fabric onto the board while manually holding it for the first 5-6cm from the leg of the board, gradually lifting the bar toward the top of the board while keeping some tension so as to stretch out the fabric onto the board, manually setting warps and wefts right, applying starch to the surface of the fabric with a starch-soaked brush, and then flattening out the creases with an upward motion.
- これは小説をはじめ広く知られるエピソードで、それらによればこの際、武市は性根の弱い以蔵が拷問に簡単に屈してしまうと心配したとか、以蔵が軽輩故に他の同士より一層激しく耐え難い拷問に遭うであろうと予想した、また、毒を送られた以蔵はそれを(毒とは知らずに)服んだが死なず拷問に屈して白状したとか、毒を見破って憤りのあまり自白に及んだなどと様々に解釈されている。
- There is an episode widely known through novels and so on that is interpreted in many ways; according to versions of this episode, TAKECHI was anxious that a weak natured Izo may easily give into torture; or that Izo may go under a far more severe torture than his other comrades due to his frivolousness; or that Izo received the poison and drank it (not knowing that it was poison), but did not die and confessed for not being able to withstand the torture; or he confessed in anger in finding out that it was poison.
- ドラマ中では、猪熊教利が名前すら登場しないこと、唐橋局が掌侍であること、兼安備後が奥の門の見張り役であること、花山院忠長の配流先が津軽であること、公家の処分が徳川家康による豊臣家を支援する公家の宮中からの追放を意図したものであること、広橋局以下女官を謹慎とする後陽成帝の案に対して徳川家康が難色を示し配流となったこと(後陽成帝の処分案が手ぬるいことになる)が異なる。
- The TV-adapted story differs from historical facts in that, in the TV play, even the name of Noritoshi INOKUMA is not mentioned, Karahashi no Tsubone is a naishi no jo (a woman officer who carries the Emperor's sword when accompanying him out of the Palace), Bingo KANEYASU is a watchdog at the Okunomon (Inside Gate), the destination of banishment of Tadanaga KAZANIN is Tsugaru, the punishment of court nobles was intended by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA to expel pro-Toyotomi nobles from the Imperial Court, and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA disagreed to Emperor Goyozei's proposal only to restrain the behaviors of Hirohashi no Tsubone and other court ladies and instead ordered them to be banished (this means that Emperor Goyozei's proposal for punishment had been more lenient).
- その傍証として、ワケ号を負う履中・反正とは根本的に異質な名であることや、この2天皇から病気を理由に愚か者として軽蔑されていて、即位が円滑に行われなかったという所伝、当時の有力豪族たる蘇我・葛城氏の系譜に、武内宿禰の子として若子宿禰という人物の存在が伝えられ、時代が重なること、さらには、倭王済(允恭)と倭王珍(反正に比定される)の血縁関係を記さない『宋書』の問題などが挙げられる。
- Collateral evidences for that include: a fact that his name is fundamentally different from those of Richu and Hanzei which bear the title of wake (which means 'coming into being'); a legend that he was despised by these two Emperors as a fool because of his illness and his accession to the throne did not proceed smoothly; a story told in genealogies of Soga and Katsuragi clans which were the influential Gozoku of the time that there was reportedly a person known as WAKUGO no Sukune who was a son of TAKENOUCHI no Sukune at a period which overlaps that of Ingyo; and a problem in the 'So-jo' (the Book of Song) that it does not describe any blood relationship between King Sai of Wa (Ingyo) and King Chin of Wa (identified with Hanzei).
- 江戸潜伏中にも同志の脱盟があり、田中貞四郎(側用人150石。酒乱をおこして脱盟。)、小山田庄左衛門(100石。片岡源五右衛門から金を盗んで逃亡)、中村清右衛門(側用人100石。理由不明)鈴田十八(理由不明)、中田理平次(30石4李施。理由不明)、毛利小平太(大納戸役20石5人扶持。理由不明)、瀬尾孫左衛門(大石家家臣。理由不明)、矢野伊助(足軽5石2人扶持。理由不明)の8名が姿を消した。
- During their stay in Edo, 8 members left the group; Sadajiro TANAKA (lord chamberlain, 150 koku, due to causing a drunken frenzy), Shozaemon OYAMADA (100 koku, due to running away after stealing money from Gengozaemon KATAOKA), Seiemon NAKAMURA (lord chamberlain, 100 look, unknown reason), 鈴田十八 (reason unknown), Riheiji NAKATA (30 koku 4李施, reason unknown), Koheita MORI (onando (in charge of storage room), 20 koku with salary for 5 servants, reason unknown), Magozaemon SEO (retainer of the Oishi family, reason unknown) and Isuke YANO (foot soldier, 5 koku with salary for 2 servants, reason unknown).
- 日本では珍しいスラップスティックとパロディで傑作といわれる『牛乳屋フランキー』、映画監督として「自分はあくまでもソフィスケイトを目指す」と語っていたように「最も中平康らしい作品」といわれる、森英恵による衣装も絢爛たるルネ・クレール風の『街燈』、若き前衛芸術家達の青春群像を描いたコメディ『誘惑』、ビリー・ワイルダータッチを狙った風俗喜劇『才女気質』等のスピーディーで軽妙洒脱な作品に力量を発揮した。
- He showed his talent in speedy, light, and unrestrained films such as 'Gyunyuya Furanki' (Milk rounds man Furanki) which was praised as a masterpiece for slapstick and parody rarely seen in Japan, 'Gaito' called 'the most typical film of Ko NAKAHIRA' and used gorgeous costumes designed by Hanae MORI as he said that 'I consistently aim to produce sophisticated films' as a film director, 'Yuwaku' (temptations) a comedy showing the adolescence of young vanguardartists, and 'Saijo Katagi' (A character of intelligent lady), a comedy of manners aimed to have the same touch as that of Billy Wilder.
- 「なみだの操」「夫婦鏡」「女のみち」「女のねがい」「おやじの海」「よこはま・たそがれ」「傷だらけの人生」「くちなしの花」「ふるさと (五木ひろし)」「喝采 (ちあきなおみ)」「せんせい」「心のこり」「与作」「舟唄」「昔の名前で出ています」「北の宿から」「津軽海峡・冬景色」「おもいで酒」「北国の春」「夢追い酒」など多くのヒット曲が生まれ、フォーク、ニューミュージック、アイドル歌謡などと競い合いながら安定した発展を見せていた。
- With many hits, including 'Namida no Misao' (Tearful Fidelity), 'Meoto Kagami' (Couple Mirrors), 'Onna no Michi' (Woman's Way), 'Onna no Negai' (Woman's Wish), 'Oyaji no Umi' (Father's Ocean), 'Yokohama Tasogare' (Yokohama Twilight Time), 'Kizudarake no Jinsei' (Life with Bruises), 'Kuchinashi no Hana' (Flower of Gardenia), 'Furusato (Hiroshi ITSUKI)' (Hometown), 'Kassai (Naomi CHIAKI)' (Applause), 'Sensei' (Teacher), 'Kokoro Nokori' (Regret), 'Yosaku' (Yosaku [a popular Japanese name for woodcutters]), 'Funauta' (Sailor's Song), 'Mukashi no Namae de Deteimasu' (Coming out in the Name of Old Days), 'Kita no Yado kara' (From an Inn in the North Country), 'Tsugaru Kaikyo Fuyu-geshiki' (Winterscape of the Tsugaru Straits), 'Omoide Zake' (Sake of Memories), 'Kitaguni no Haru' (Spring in the North Country), and 'Yume Oi Zake' (Dream-chasing Sake), enka music developed steadily, competing with folk, new music, and idol songs.
- 以蔵が晩年、武市らから冷遇されていた理由について諸書の記述によれば、他の同志より身分が低く教養が無いことによる差別的感情、彼が手がけた数々の暗殺が露見することにより他の同志に累が及ぶ危機感、彼が自刃してしまえばその露見が防げるにも拘らず彼自身がそれを行わなかったことに対する焦燥感や怒り、さらに“尊王攘夷・倒幕”を旨とする土佐勤王党に属しながら“開国派・幕臣”の勝海舟らの護衛を行うなどした(後述)ことにより“剣術こそ強いが確固たる思想・信念を持たぬ者”として軽蔑されたこと、などが原因ではないかと考えられている。
- According to some books, the reason why TAKECHI treated Izo coldly in his later years was, for example, from the discriminative feeling for Izo who had low social standing and no education compared with the other comrades, a sense of danger that exposure of many of the assassinations that Izo took part in may have unfavorable effects to his fellow comrades, and resentment and anxiety toward Izo for not taking his own life although those exposures could be prevented if he had committed suicide; furthermore, even if he had been a member of the Tosa kinnoto that aimed for 'Sonno Joi (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) and overthrowing the Shogunate', he became a bodyguard to Kaishu KATSU (to be explained later) who was 'a member of the open country wing and a vassal of the shogun'; Izo was disdained, for 'although skillful in swordplay, he was a man with no resolute ideas and beliefs.'