Honyaku Star - Search: 躍

躍: 1911 Terms and Phrases

躍
Odori
Yaku
leap
dance
skip

暗躍
secret manoeuvering
secret maneuvering
secret manoeuvres
secret maneuvers

一躍
suddenly (rising to fame, etc.)
instantly
immediately
overnight
one bound
one leap

活躍
activity (esp. energetic)
great efforts
conspicuous service
to flourish
to participate actively
to play an active role
Activities
Career
His activities

雀躍
leaping for joy
exultation

跳躍
jump
leap
skip
bound
hop
vault

飛躍
leaping
activity
leapfrog (over a problem)
making a leap (e.g. in logic)
making great strides
making rapid progress
emerging
becoming active
playing an active part
vibrant business activity

躍り
leaping
jumping
spring
exciting

躍る
to jump
to leap
to pound (of one's heart, i.e. with excitement)
to throb
to be messily written
bound

躍起
desperation
eagerness

躍字
iteration mark (used to represent repetition of the previous character)
ditto mark

躍進
rush
dash
onslaught
dancing ahead
breakthrough

躍度
jerk (derivative of acceleration with respect to time)
Jerk (physics)

躍動
lively motion
throb
jumping
saltation

躍如
vivid
lifelike
graphic
Hayayuki

勇躍
taking heart
being in high spirits

踊躍
leaping with joy
jumping about

石躍
Ishiodori

福躍
Fukuzaki

躍華
Hayaka

躍橋
Odorihashi
Yakuhashi

躍子
Hayako

躍場
Odoriba

躍人
Hayato
Hayafuto

躍展
Yakuten

躍之
Hayashi
Hayayuki

躍美
Hayami

躍彦
Hayahiko

躍夫
Hayao

躍舞
Hayamu

躍層
layer of discontinuity
metalimnion
thermocline

郭躍
Guo Yue

胸躍る
heart-pounding
exciting
thrilling
heartrending
to have one's heart pound
to be thrilled

小躍り
dancing or jumping for joy

大活躍
greatly flourishing
playing a very active part

大躍進
Great Leap Forward (failed attempt to industrialize China and increase agricultural production, from 1958-1960)
significant breakthrough
great strides

飛躍的
rapidly
dramatic

躍り字
iteration mark (used to represent repetition of the previous character)
ditto mark

跳躍的
saltatory
saltational

跳躍説
saltation theory

跳躍帯
skip zone

跳躍力
thrust force

跳躍板
springboard

跳躍病
Louping ill

暗中飛躍
behind-the-scenes maneuvering
behind-the-scenes manoeuvering
secret maneuvers
secret manoeuvres

胸が躍る
to be excited
to be elated
heart beats with delight

欣喜雀躍
jump up for joy

心が躍る
to be thrilled
to be excited

跳躍距離
skip distance
skin distance

跳躍振動
relaxation oscillation
kipp-osallation

舞い躍る
to dance

面目躍如
with evident joy of having lived up to one's reputation
having an effect of bolstering one's reputation

躍り掛る
to spring at or upon

躍り言葉
word consisting of (two) repeated syllables

躍り込む
to jump into
to rush into

躍り出る
to jump (e.g. to first place)
to spring out

振動飛躍
jump phenomena

跳躍機械
hopping machine

跳躍伝導
saltatory conduction

一次躍層
primary thermocline

塩分躍層
halocline
salinocline

温度躍層
thermocline

化学躍層
chemocline

水温躍層
metalimnion
thermocline

跳躍物質
saltation load

二次躍層
main thermocline

跳躍ピン
bouncing pin

磁束跳躍
flux jump

跳躍高さ
hopping height

位相跳躍
phase hit
phase jump

量子飛躍
quantum jump

跳躍運動
saltatory movement

跳躍上告
direct re-appeal
Direct Appeal to the Supreme Court

活躍して
be around

躍進する
bound

躍動する
bound
jump

飛躍的に
by leaps and bound
in leaps and bounds

活躍する
flourish

跳躍地雷
Bounding mine

量子跳躍
Atomic electron transition

躍り出す
begin to jump

瞳孔跳躍
hippus

躍り掛かる
to spring at or upon

躍り懸かる
to spring at or upon

躍り上がる
to spring up
to leap to one's feet
to jump up and down

跳躍移動層
saltation layer

飛躍逆電圧
initial reverse voltage

画期的躍進
breakthrough

はねる飛躍
leap

御師の活躍
Onshi's activities

戦後の活躍
Activities after World War II

活躍否定説
Negative theory on his achievement

活躍肯定説
Affirmative theory on his achievement

飛躍の時代
Years of Great Progress

空想の飛躍
a flight of fancy

大躍進政策
Great Leap Forward

跳躍進化説
Saltation (biology)

跳躍病脳炎
louping ill encephalitis

胸を躍らせる
to make one's heart flutter
to be excited
be thrilled

跳躍〔河川〕
saltation

跳躍移動土砂
saltation load

跳躍流送土砂
saltation load

跳躍高さ制御
hopping height control

跳躍ロボット
jumping robot

面目躍如たる
be entirely characteristic of

技術上の躍進
technological breakthrough

政治上の活躍
His achievements in politics

跳躍移動土砂量
saltation load discharge

跳躍上告と控訴
Direct Appeal to the Supreme Court and Appeal to the Court of Second Instance

金春禅竹の活躍
The activities of Zenchiku KONPARU

日本武尊の活躍
Activities of Yamato Takeru no Mikoto

尊王志士の活躍
Acts by the Sonno (advocate of imperial rule) Shishi

明治初期の活躍
His success in the early Meiji period

次の飛躍をする
to make the next leap

跳躍病ウイルス
louping ill virus

跳躍フェージング
skip fading

意欲的に活躍して
active

トップに躍り出る
all the way to the top

正応年間に活躍。
He was active during the Shoo era (1288-1292).

平治の乱で活躍。
He fought well in the Heiji Rebellion.

壬申の乱での活躍
Great achievements during Jinshin War
Contributions during Jinshin War
His achievements in the Jinshin War.
He played an active role in the Jinshin War.
His achievement in the Jinshin War.
Key role during the Jinshin War
Distinguished services in the Jinshin War

志士としての活躍
Activities as a Shishi

戊辰戦争での活躍
Activities in Boshin War

大坂の役で活躍。
He performed brilliantly in Osaka no Eki (the Siege of Osaka).

主に関西で活躍。
He came to the fore mainly in the Kansai region.

飛躍的に前進する
move forward by leaps and bounds

一躍脚光をあびる。
The company's technology used to avoid salicylic acid has attracted much attention.

現在活躍している家
The family at full blast

聖・上人たちの活躍
Active career of hijiri and shonin

振付師としての活躍
His success as a choreographer

歌人としても活躍。
He was also known as a Kajin poet.

関西を中心に活躍。
He is doing his activities mainly in the Kansai region.

トップに躍り出る。
All the way to the top.

10フィートの跳躍
a leap of 10 feet

跳躍物質（流送土砂）
saltation load

活動弁士の活躍と衰退
Rise and Fall of Katsudo Benshi

対新羅戦で活躍した。
He made his name in the war against Silla.

経師として活躍した。
He worked as kyoji (a craftsman who mounts calligraphy or paintings on scroll or sliding doors).

- 学者として活躍。
Was active as a scholar.

壬申の乱で活躍した。
He played an active role in the Jinshin War.

僕の姉が大躍進だよ。
My sister hit the jackpot!

仕事でご活躍ですね。
I see you're doing very well in your business.

凄い跳躍力で移動する
moves with enormous leaps

著者による想像の飛躍
auctorial flights of imagination

楽と躍りなどから成る。
It is a combination of music and dance.

財界有力者としての活躍
Achievements as an Influential Person in the Financial World

治承・寿永内乱期の活躍
Outstanding achievements during the Jisho-Juei Civil War

藤原仲麻呂の乱で活躍。
He played an active role in the Rebellion by FUJIWARA no Nakamaro.

縦方向で跳躍に使われる
used lengthwise for vaulting

日本で活躍する演歌歌手。
An enka (Japanese ballad) singer who works in Japan.

以後天皇側近として活躍。
He participated as a close associate to the emperor since then.

彼は政界で活躍している。
He is playing an active part in politics.

彼女の胸は喜びに躍った。
Her heart jumped for joy.

彼女は一躍有名になった。
She suddenly became famous.

支配人の背後で暗躍した。
He acted behind the manager's back.

跳躍競技で競争する競技者
an athlete who competes at jumping

プロバンスの躍動的な踊り
a lively dance from Provence

現在10数名の杜氏が活躍。
The number of toji in this school is more than ten at present.

藤原純友・純乗追討に活躍。
He played an active role to hunt down and kill FUJIWARA no Sumitomo and Suminori.

アジア主義の盟主として活躍
Activities as a leader of Asianism

また俳人としても活躍した。
He was also active as a Haiku poet.

吉備前津屋の乱で活躍した。
He played an active role in the Rebellion by Kibinosakitsuya.

彼女は喜んで小躍りをした。
She danced with joy.

軍隊で活躍をした勇敢な仲間
a stouthearted fellow who had an active career in the army

山田選手が大活躍を見せます。
Yamada will have a very strong showing.

磯野員昌の活躍についての諸説
Various theories on Kazumasa ISONO's performance

活躍時期については三説あり、
There are three different views with respect to the period he worked in.

第4代外務卿として活躍した。
He served as the fourth Gaimukyo (Chief of Foreign Ministry).

興行、劇場経営者として活躍。
He was an active theatrical promoter and manager of theaters.

複数のスポーツで活躍した選手
Sportspeople of multiple sports

二条良基の活躍と二条家の家業化
Activities of Yoshimoto NIJO and change of family business for the Nijo family

戦後は、中堅の女形として活躍。
He put on great performances as a mid-level female impersonator after the war.

以来、中堅貴族として活躍する。
Thereafter, it was influential as a middle-ranked nobility.

義政の没後は歌壇に復帰し活躍。
After the death of Yoshimasa, he was reinstated in the poetry circles and composed many poems.

日本映画の黄金時代に活躍した。
Matsuo was active in the heyday of Japanese cinema.

彼は７０歳でなお活躍している。
At seventy, he is still active.

元気で活躍していることと思う。
I hope things have been going well for you.

乗組員たちは小躍りして喜んだ。
The crew jumped for joy.

私達は幸運に小躍りして喜んだ。
We exulted at our good fortune.

会社の利益は飛躍的に増加した。
The company's profits soared.

会社の収益は飛躍的に増加した。
The company's profits soared.

子どもたちは躍り上がって喜んだ
The children danced with joy

また来年の活躍を期待しています。
I wish you the best of success next year.

吉田光華、桐竹繭紗也らが活躍中。
Performers such as Mitsuka YOSHIDA and Masaya KIRITAKE are doing well.

貞観_(日本)～延喜年間に活躍。
He was active during the Jogan and the Engi eras (859-922).

日本で活躍するハワイ出身の歌手。
A singer from Hawaii who works in Japan.

また歌合や屏風歌の制作でも活躍。
He played an active role in poetry contests, composed byobu-uta (poems on themes depicted on folding screens).

以後、新田義貞の重臣として活躍。
Since then, he had rendered distinguished service as a senior vassal of Yoshisada NITTA.

元文元年頃から天明末年まで活躍。
He flourished from around 1736 to the end of the Tenmei era.

共同銀行、関西鉄道などでも活躍。
He also worked for Kyodo Bank and Kansai Railway Company.

第二次長州征伐でも活躍している。
He was also active in the Second Conquest of Choshu.

信長の死後は秀吉に仕え活躍する。
After Nobunaga died, Daiki played an important role while serving Hideyoshi.

後醍醐天皇の側近公家として活躍。
He flourished as an aide to Emperor Godaigo.

藤原頼通の時代の歌会で活躍した。
He actively participated in Uta-kai (waka poets contest) in the era of FUJIWARA no Yorimichi.

京都府勧業場の御用係として活躍。
Worked as a goyonin (officer handling domestic economy) at an industrial site in Kyoto Prefecture.

後白河天皇院近臣として活躍した。
He was active as a trusted vassal of the government by the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa.

四代目は立役として活躍している。
The fourth is active as tachiyaku (a leading male-role actor).

彼はうれしさのあまり小躍りした。
He was so happy he did a little dance.

彼女は今も第一線で活躍している。
She's still active in the front lines.

地を蹴って跳躍したときのように。
as in the act of alighting from a leap.

これらの魚は、跳躍するように泳ぐ
These fish swim with a saltating motion

彼が最後に皆さんの活躍を祈ります。
At the end, he wishes everyone success in their endeavors.

彼が一躍その名を全国に馳せました。
He was catapulted into nationwide fame.

彼らが活躍して空前の繁栄を生んだ。
Their activities resulted in unprecedented prosperity.

壬申の乱で大海人皇子方として活躍。
He played an important role in the Jinshin War, taking sides with Prince Oama.

中国・北九州地方を活躍の場とした。
They were very active in the Chugoku and northern Kyushu regions.

脇役ながら活躍、主に老役に徹した。
Although he played only a supporting role, he was active and devoted himself to playing an aged person.

元禄十年頃から享保廿年頃まで活躍。
He flourished from around 1697 to around 1735.

また、院における歌壇でも活躍した。
Moreover, he was active at poetry circles in the In (the Imperial palace).

時代劇や任侠映画の監督として活躍。
He made mainly period dramas and yakuza films.

宝塚少女歌劇団の娘役としても活躍。
She also performed female roles in Takarazuka Shojo Kagekidan (Takarazuka Girls Revue Company).

- 江戸で活躍、山田流箏曲の始祖。
Actively performed in Edo, the founder of Yamada school Sokyoku

少女はうれしさのあまり小躍りした。
The girl danced for joy.

いかに精霊は欣喜雀躍したことぞ！　
how the Ghost exulted.

スコットランド高地人の躍動的な踊り
a lively dance of Scottish Highlanders

ブラジルが起源の躍動的な社交ダンス
a lively ballroom dance from Brazil

18世紀フランス起源の躍動的な踊り
a lively dance originating in France in the 18th century

ダンサーの飛躍またはジャンプの高さ
the height of a dancer's leap or jump

邪魔されたときにとっぴな跳躍をする
they make erratic leaps when disturbed

交通カードがさらに活躍の場を広げる。
Transportation cards will be more widely utilized.

- 1820－1868 幕末に活躍。
1820 - 1868: he was active at the end of Edo period.

各種の伝書を残すなど大いに活躍した。
They made great achievements by writing densho (books on the esoterica) and doing other activities.

家康に仕えた宗矩は、大いに活躍した。
Munenori made great performance under Ieyasu.

ハリウッドで活躍するアクション俳優。
An action movie star who works in Hollywood.

パリコレなどで活躍するトップモデル。
A top model who works in Paris Collection etc.

また屏風歌の制作や歌合でも活躍した。
He also composed byobu-uta (verses on themes depicted on folding screen) and was an active participant of poetry contests.

中先代の乱での今川一族の活躍について
About the energetic activity of the Imagawa family in the Nakasendai War

創立間もない前進座の子役として活躍。
Soon after the Zenshin-za Theatre was established he became active in children's roles.

- 幾ばくも活躍なく1843年に没。
He was not so remarkably active and died in 1843.

本戦では加藤貞泰隊に従って活躍した。
He displayed his military prowess, following Sadayasu KATO's troops in the main battle.

のち、京都にて柳の図子党として活躍。
Later he played an active role in the Yanagi no Zushi-to (Yanagi no Zushi Party).

文展・帝展で活躍し、審査員にもなる。
Suisho was active in the Bunten exhibition and Japan Art Academy Exhibition, and was also appointed to a jury.

百川は書画の鑑識家としても活躍した。
Hyakusen was also active as a judge of calligraphic works and paintings.

本名の小川三喜雄で俳優としても活躍。
He was also known as an actor under the real name Mikio OGAWA.

承久の乱で宮方の武将として活躍した。
He was active in the Jokyu War as a busho on the court's side.

医師達は癌との戦いで大躍進を遂げた。
Doctors have made great strides in their fight against cancer.

突然の喜びの潮が彼の心から躍り出た。
A sudden tide of joy went leaping out of his heart.

士官の心臓は躍り上がるように打った。
The officer's heart was plunging.

跳躍するハツカネズミのような齧歯動物
mouselike jumping rodent

ジョンは昇進しようと躍起になっている
John is bucking for a promotion

田楽を専門に躍るものを田楽法師と言う。
Priests who specialized in dancing Dengaku were called Dengaku Hoshi (Dengaku Priest).

文帝 (漢)のもとでは賈誼が活躍した。
Ka Gi played an active role under Emperor Wen (Han).

- いまの山形県を中心に活躍した忍者。
He was a ninja who flourished mainly in present-day Yamagata Prefecture.

信光は大鼓方・脇の仕手として活躍した。
Nobumitsu was active as an otsuzumi kata (large hand drum player) and waki no shite (beside-the-doer-role).

この3人を中心に宮廷の能書が活躍した。
Centered on these three persons, calligraphic experts in the Imperial court produced many calligraphic works.

幕末の長州藩の尊王倒幕志士として活躍。
He was an anti-shogunate royalist who lived at the end of the Edo period.

毛利水軍の指揮官としても活躍している。
He also rendered distinguished service in the Mori navy.

源頼朝に臣従し、治承・寿永の乱で活躍。
He served to MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, and distinguished himself in the Jisho-Juei War.

国際的にも活躍する能楽師の一人である。
He is one of the internationally successful Noh gakushi.

能楽界における最長老、重鎮として活躍。
He distinguished himself as the eldest member and the leading figure of the Noh performance world.

戦後は関三十郎劇団を結成、地方で活躍。
He established the Seki Sanjuro Gekidan (Seki Sanjuro Theater Company) after World War II and they gave performances actively in the provinces.

彼女は婦人解放運動で積極的に活躍した。
She took an active part in the women's lib movement.

魁偉な馬たちが躍々と歩き過ぎて行った。
The great draught-horses swung past.

肥大した後肢を持ち跳躍できる小型ハムシ
any small leaf beetle having enlarged hind legs and capable of jumping

活躍の場と機会を求めて、東京に本拠を移す
Relocated their base to Tokyo to pursue activities and seek opportunities

江戸末期から明治にかけて活躍した落語家。
He was a rakugoka who performed from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period.

二世福王盛義は謡曲作者としても活躍した。
Moriyoshi FUKUO the second was also active as a Yokyoku (Noh song) composer.

大江広元の後裔は各地方で武家として活躍。
Descendants from OE no Hiromoto actively worked as members of the samurai family in various regions.

この際に活躍したのが前述の蔵田氏である。
And it was the above-mentioned Kurata clan that was actively involved in this aoso trade.

日本で活躍するカリフォルニア出身の歌手。
A singer from California who works in Japan.

俊恵の門下に学び、歌人としても活躍した。
He studied under Shune, and became a great poet.

彼らは挿絵画家や日本画家として活躍した。
His disciples were active as illustrators and Japanese-style painters.

西の名人として名高く、関西を中心に活躍。
Renown as a master in the west, he actively performed mainly in the Kansai region.

四境戦争では長州軍の参謀として活躍した。
During the Shikyo War (a civil war between the government and the Choshu Domain), Sugi played a critical role as a staff officer for Choshu.

宝暦時代の後期から明和期に鳥居派で活躍。
He was active in the Torii school of Ukiyoe from the late Horeki era through to the Meiwa era.

鳥羽天皇・後白河天皇両院政下で活躍した。
He was active under the cloister governments of Retired Emperors Toba and Goshirakawa.

一躍、世界に名を知られる映画監督となる。
He became a world-famous movie director overnight.

江戸時代には知恩院の役番として活躍した。
In the Edo period, it played an important role as yakuban (gate guard) of Chion-in Temple.

江戸で活躍、四絃胡弓を考案、藤植流を興す
Actively performed in Edo, invented four-stringed Kokyu, and was the founder of Fujiue school.

- 19世紀前半京都で活躍した箏の名手。
Actively performed in the early 19th century as an excellent player of Koto.

彼の言うことには理論の飛躍がありすぎる。
There is a leap of logic in what he says.

彼女が戸口の段に現れた時僕の胸は躍った。
When she came out on the doorstep my heart leaped.

そが甍（いらか）の上に躍りひるがえれり。
On its roof did float and flow;

期待に胸を躍らせてそれを試してみました。
Very eagerly I tried them.

江戸時代末期には小林一茶の活躍が見られた。
At the end of the Edo period, Issa KOBAYASHI was actively involved in haikai.

北畠顕家との合戦での今川範国の活躍について
About the energetic activity of Norikuni IMAGAWA in the battle against Akiie KITABATAKE

重衡は勢力の回復を図る中心武将として活躍。
Shigehira played an active role, as a leading warlord, in recovering the power.

保元の乱では源義朝に従い、活躍したという。
It is said that he took a lively part in the Hogen War under MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo's command.

谷と共に大坂ぜんざい屋事件などに活躍した。
He played an important roll with Tani in Osaka Zenzai-ya incident (attack in a sweet-red-bean shop to defeat anti-Tokugawa shogunate samurai).

禁門の変以後は、西郷の片腕として活躍する。
After Kimmon no Hen (Conspiracy of Kinmon), he was active as Saigo's right hand.

『日本書紀』には他に子人の活躍は見えない。
No other roles performed by Kobito are found in 'The Nihonshoki.'

その後の乱での活躍については伝えられない。
His activities are not known after the War.

帰国してからは教育者として幅広く活躍する。
After he returned to Japan, he was widely active as an educator.

はじめ新徴組で活躍し、倒幕派志士に転じた。
He actively worked first in the Shinchogumi (Tokugawa Shogunate guard organization) and later became a patriot of forces overthrowing the Shogunate.

一人は江戸時代中頃に活躍した「大橋太夫」。
One was 'Ohashi Tayu,' who was active during the middle of the Edo period.

警察は群衆を制止するのに躍起になっている。
The police are going all out just to hold back the crowd.

長い後脚を持つ夜行性の跳躍する小型齧歯動物
small nocturnal jumping rodent with long hind legs

羽無し吸血寄生虫で、跳躍する能力で知られる
any wingless bloodsucking parasitic insect noted for ability to leap

ますます、甲子園での活躍に期待が高まります。
It is further hoped that they will have a good showing at Koshien.

2008年5回京都競馬のイベントで活躍する。
This group performed in the fifth meeting of Kyoto racing in 2008.

京都七条通大宮通にあり、平安時代後期に活躍。
It was located on Kyoto's Shichijo-dori Street and Omiya-dori Street, and showed activity in the late Heian period.

福田理軒のように測量で活躍したものもあった。
There were others, such as Riken FUKUDA, who became successful in the field of surveying.

吉沢派は幕末に活躍した吉沢検校の流れである。
The Yoshizawa school follows the line of Kengyo YOSHIZAWA, who was active towards the end of the Edo period.

舞踊家として雀成会の舞台などで活躍している。
She performs dance on the stages of the Jakusei-kai group amongst others.

日露戦争では、篤志婦人会総裁として活躍した。
She played an active role as President of the Tokushi woman's club during the Russo-Japanese War.

幕末には大原重徳が尊攘派公卿として活躍した。
At the end of the Edo period, Shigetomi OHARA was active as a kugyo (court noble) of the sonjo party (the royalist party).

橘（たちばな）氏は、古代日本に活躍した氏族。
The Tachibana clan was a family (clan), which took an active role in ancient Japan.

その郎党の「鬼武」という舎人も活躍している。
A person named 'Onitake' (鬼武), who was toneri (a servant) of his roto, also made a big contribution.

正徳_(日本)五年頃から宝暦八年頃まで活躍。
He flourished from around 1715 to around 1758.

平安末期における源平の戦いにおいて活躍した。
He was active in the Genpei War in the end of Heian period.

伊都内親王願文のような自由軽妙な躍動がある。
It is written in a free, light, lambent style, full of liveliness like Ito Naishinno Ganmon (prayer of Princess Ito).

仏教音楽を用いた教化を推進するなど活躍する。
He actively implemented edification using Buddhist music.

新劇出身の岡田嘉子が一躍スター女優となった。
Yoshiko OKADA who had belonged to Shingeki (literally, new play) instantly became a famous actress.

新作狂言、歌舞伎、舞台、ドラマなどでも活躍。
He is actively involved in new Kyogen, Kabuki (traditional drama performed by male actors), stage, drama, and so on.

明治・大正・昭和期に活躍し、名人と謳われる。
He distinguished himself through the Meiji, Taisho, and Showa periods, and was celebrated as a master of Noh.

新しい地位でご活躍することを確信しています。
I am sure you will take an active role in your new position.

跳躍しなければならない陸上競技に参加する行為
the act of participating in an athletic competition in which you must jump

左足、右足交互に跳ぶ躍動的なダンスのステップ
a lively dance step consisting of hopping on each foot in turn

フランス人の詩人（1460年前後に活躍した）
French poet (flourished around 1460)

彼は、自分の跳躍台として、他の人の考えを使う
he uses other people's ideas as a springboard for his own

京都六条通万里小路にあり、平安時代後期に活躍。
It was located on Madenokoji, Rokujo-dori Street in Kyoto, and showed activity in the late Heian period.

また前述の「上方落語の四天王」の活躍もあった。
This was also reinforced by the aforementioned success of 'The Big Four of Kamigata Rakugo.'

今後のさらなる活躍が期待されたが、2年後急逝。
Although his further activity was expected, he died suddenly two years later.

粟飯原氏（あいはらうじ）は中世に活躍した武家。
The Aihara clan was a samurai family that played an active role during the Medieval Period.

林谷は長崎遊歴後、京都・江戸に住んで活躍した。
After he toured Nagasaki, he lived in Kyoto and Edo and was active in both places.

江戸時代初期に活躍し、梅若家中興の祖とされる。
He became well know for his Noh performances in the early part of the Edo period, and is known as the Chuko no So (father of restoration) of the Umewaka Family.

元寇時は九州にて父と共に活躍して武功を挙げた。
At the time of the Mongol invasion of Japan, he played an active part jointly with his father, and distinguished himself in the war.

為家は後嵯峨院歌壇の中心的な歌人としても活躍。
Tameie was important poet at the poetry circle of retired Emperor Gosaga.

梅月堂四世となり京都歌壇の重鎮として活躍した。
Later, he became Baigetsudo the fourth and known as an eminent poet in the Kyoto poetry circle.

後白河上皇が院政を始めた際も院近臣として活躍。
He played an active role as In no Kinshin when the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa implemented the cloistered government.

帰藩後は藩庁政務座の最高責任者として活躍する。
After he returned from Edo he became chief executive officer of the Choshu administration.

建武の新政の立役者として足利尊氏らと共に活躍。
He participated actively as a leading figure in the Kenmu Restoration with Takauji ASHIKAGA and others.

信長の死後もそのまま秀吉の家臣として活躍した。
After Nobunaga died, Katsutoyo continued to be active as Hideyoshi's vassal.

「万作の会」の重要メンバーとして国内外で活躍。
He has been at the forefront at home and overseas as an important member of 'Mansaku no kai' (the kyogen performance group).

同じく壬申の乱で活躍した坂上老は従兄弟である。
SAKANOUE no Okina, who also showed a great performance in the Jinshin War, was his cousin.

主に蠣崎氏の軍事面で活躍、蠣崎家の重臣となる。
Mostly, he was active in military affairs and became a senior vassal of the Kakizaki family.

政府はインフレを押え込もうと躍起になっている。
The government is desperate to keep inflation down.

オーストラリアの砂漠地帯にすむ跳躍する齧歯動物
leaping rodent of Australian desert areas

菊岡検校の後輩である光崎検校はその頃に活躍した。
Kengyo Mitsuzaki, a musician junior to Kengyo Kikuoka, was active during this period.

・絵図：沖縄県立博物館蔵「琉球人座楽并躍之図」。
- Picture: Okinawa Prefectural Museum warehouse, 'Picture of Ryukyu people performing music seated and dancing.'

大鼓方高安流は金剛流の座付きとして活躍した流儀。
The Otsuzumi-kata Takayasu school has played exclusively for the Kongo school.

下志万氏は、京都府の舞鶴湾を拠点に活躍した水軍。
The Shimojima clan was an active navy based in Maizuru Bay in Kyoto Prefecture.

山田長政のようにアジアで活躍した冒険家も現れた。
Adventurers such as Nagamasa YAMADA who made a spectacular showing in Asia appeared.

8世紀後半には白居易（白楽天）の活躍が見られた。
The poet Bai Juyi was popular in the late eighth century.

久米正雄、松岡譲、豊島与志雄、山本有三らが活躍。
Contributors such as Masao KUME, Yuzuru MATSUOKA, Yoshio TOYOSHIMA and Yuzo YAMAMOTO took a lively role in the magazine.

どちらかといえば、論客として活躍したようである。
It seems that he rather acted as a disputant.

明治維新後は新政府に入り大蔵官僚として活躍する。
After Meiji Restoration, GO entered the new government and was active as the bureaucrat of Ministry of the Treasury.

弘安の役での活躍は、蒙古襲来絵詞に描かれている。
His actions in the Koan War are described in Moko Shurai Ekotoba (picture scrolls of Mongol invasion attempts against Japan).

また高野山に籠った京極高次の説得時にも活躍した。
Also, he played an active role of persuading Takatsugu KYOGOKU who holed up in Mt. Koya.

入社以来、島津保次郎の下で助監督として活躍する。
After joining the studio, he was active as an assistant director under Yasujiro SHIMAZU.

新しい工法を採用するなど定朝様を飛躍発展させた。
He dramatically developed Jocho-style by adopting new methods and so on.

その後、姫路城主本多忠刻と交渉を持ちながら活躍。
After the siege, he continued showing remarkable aptitude in heiho and art, under the protection of the lord of Himeji-jo Castle, Tadatoki HONDA.

慶長の役では、蔚山倭城に籠もって活躍したという。
It is said that during the Keicho military campaign, he holed himself up in Ulsan Waesong (a Japanese castle in Korea) and played an active role from there.

同じく壬申の乱で活躍した坂上熊毛は従兄弟である。
SAKANOUE no Kumake, who played a lively part in the Jinshin War, was Okina's cousin.

1962年　独立、これより観世流シテ方として活躍
1962: Became independent and since then he has been active as shite-kata.

成長すると主君の側近として活躍する者も多かった。
As they grew up, many Kosho demonstrated brilliant performances as a close retainers to their lords.

平氏追討において活躍した源義経も任ぜられている。
MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune who was active in the punitive force against the Taira clan was appointed Saemon no jo.

警察は暴走族を躍起になって鎮圧しようとしている。
The police are going all out to keep down the rioting bikers.

わずかな増強の代わりに大きな飛躍によって進歩する
progress by large jumps instead of small increments

キックと跳躍を含む様々な古い粗野なダンスのどれか
any of various old rustic dances involving kicking and leaping

多くの卒業生がそれぞれの専門分野で活躍しています。
Many graduates are active in their specialized fields.

「謙敬して聞きて奉行し、踊躍して大きに歓喜せん。」
A person will devotionally listen and practice the teaching, and will greatly be delighted that a person will start to dance.'

「小さ子」が活躍する話としては全国に分布している。
Stories that feature 'Chiisako' are found all over the country.

当代の名人として宝生閑、森常好が東京を中心に活躍。
At present, masters such as Kan HOSHO and Tsuneyoshi MORI show great performances in and around Tokyo.

坂上田村麻呂が征夷大将軍として蝦夷征服に活躍した。
SAKANOUE no Tamuramaro succeeded in conquering Ezo as seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians').

代わって参陣し活躍した弟の井伊直孝が藩主となった。
His younger brother Naotaka II, who participated in Osaka no Eki on behalf of Naokatsu and played an active role, became the lord of the domain.

源俊頼とともに院政期の歌壇の指導者として活躍した。
Along with MINAMOTO no Toshiyori, he took a lively part as a leader in waka circles during the regime of cloistered government.

浮世絵以外にも、いわゆる挿絵画家としても活躍した。
Besides his work in Ukiyoe, he flourished as a painter of illustrations.

1893年に帰朝すると、美術教育者として活躍する。
He came back to Japan in 1893 and then took an active part as an art educator.

甥である花山天皇の後見人（中納言）として活躍した。
He worked actively as a guardian (chunagon (middle counselor) of the Emperor Kazan, who was his nephew.

武田遺臣のなかには幕府に仕えて活躍したものもいる。
Some of those served the Tokugawa shogunate, doing excellent jobs.

ソフィストたちがその活躍期を駆け抜けて行きました。
The sophists had run through their career.

跳躍に適した後脚を持つオーストラリア産の大型ネズミ
large Australian rat with hind legs adapted for leaping

毛利氏の一門として活躍した宍戸隆家の大叔父にあたる。
He was a grand-uncle of Takaie SHISHIDO who played an active role as a family of the Mori clan.

中世後期以後は勧進聖として活躍するものが多くなった。
After the late medieval period, many of those practiced kokudachi played an active role as a Kanjin Hijiri (fund-raising Buddhist monks).

主に室町時代から戦国時代 (日本)にかけて活躍した。
It had flourished mainly from the Muromachi Period to the Sengoku Period (Japan).

1912年以降は片岡少年劇（ちんこ芝居）で活躍した。
After 1912, he played an important role in Kataoka-Shonen-geki (boys' theatricals) (chinko-shibai).

享徳の乱では石橋義仲という人物が奥州で活躍している。
In the Kyotoku War, a person named Yoshinaka ISHIBASHI proved himself in Oshu.

『平家物語』によると、治承・寿永の内乱でも活躍した。
According to 'Heike Monogatari' (The tale of the Heike), the party also took an active part in the Jisho-Juei Civil War.

きわめて高い軍事力を持って傭兵集団としても活躍した。
They had a substantial military force and acted as a group of mercenary soldiers.

胤城は講武所奉行に任じられ、長州征伐などに活躍した。
Taneki took office as a magistrate of Kobusho (military training institute), and he played an active part in the Choshu Expeditions.

この時期に活躍した漢詩人として、森槐南が有名である。
An example of a famous poet who wrote in Chinese around this time is Kainan MORI.

松本良順から医学を学び新選組の医者としても活躍した。
He learned medicine from Ryojun MATSUMOTO and worked also as a doctor of Shinsengumi.

近習として活躍した期間もたったの2年ほどでしかない。
Even as a kinshu, he was active only for two years.

恵美押勝の乱では孝謙天皇・道鏡側に参加して活躍した。
In the Rebellion of Emi no Oshikatsu, he participated actively on sides with Emperor Koken and Dokyo.

江戸期から明治時代にかけて活躍、能楽復興に尽力する。
Performing actively from the Edo period to the Meiji period, he put much effort into restoration of Noh plays.

四代目までは立役として、五代目以降は女形として活躍。
Up to the fourth, Utaemon NAKAMURA was active as tachiyaku (leading male-role actors) and the fifth and later was as onnagata (actor of female roles).

- 19世紀前半京都で活躍、地歌、箏曲の名曲を残す。
Active in Kyoto in the early 19th century, and left masterpieces of Jiuta and Sokyoku.

私どもも貴下のご活躍を聞くこと、諸方面にございます。
This account of you we have from all quarters received.

祖は定朝の弟子長勢、三条仏所を形成し京都を中心に活躍。
The founder was Chosei, who established Sanjo Bussho and engaged in activities around Kyoto, and was a disciple of Jocho.

鎌倉時代には仏師快慶の活躍により新しい文様が生まれた。
In the Kamakura period, new patterns were created by efforts of Kaikei, a busshi (sculptor of Buddhist Statues).

盛忠の活躍もこれと関係を持つものであったと考えられる。
This period background might be related with Moritada's success.

同社の東亜キネマへの合併後も牧野のもとで活躍していた。
After Makino Film Productions merged with Toa Kinema, Bando enjoyed a flourishing career as an actor under Makino.

小鼓方大倉流は金春流座付きとして活躍した小鼓方の流儀。
Kotsuzumi-kata of Okura school is a school of kotsuzumi-kata which performed exclusively as the accompanist of Konparu school.

大鼓方大倉流は金春流座付きとして活躍した大鼓方の流儀。
Otsuzumi-kata of Okura school is a school of otsuzumi-kata which performed as the accompanist of Konparu school.

稲田側は幕末時の活躍によりすぐ認められると思っていた。
The INADA side thought their request would be approved soon due to the achievement at the end of the Edo period.

地下（じげ）の歌人であり、歌壇での活躍は晩年であった。
He was one of the few poets who was not a courtier, and his activities with poetry circles did not enter full swing until his final years.

歌合や屏風歌で活躍し、紀貫之からは辞世の歌を贈られた。
He took a lively role in uta-awase (poetry contests) and byobu-uta (screen poems, poems composed following the pictures on folding screens), and KI no Tsurayuki composed a farewell poem and presented it to him.

得意の算術を活かし、勘定方として、隊費の経理面で活躍。
He played an active role in the accounting of expenses for the group as an accountant, utilizing his skills at arithmetic.

慶応2年9月、三条制札事件では、目付役として活躍する。
In October 1866, he worked as a Metsuke (inspector) in the Sanjo-ohashi Bridge Noticeboard Incident.

こうして彼女は「マダム貞奴」の通称で一躍有名になった。
And thus she became famous with name of 'Madame Sadayakko' in a single bound.

少壮の公家として、幕末の朝廷で尊皇攘夷を唱え活躍した。
He played an important role as a young and active court noble, advocating Sonno Joi (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) in the Imperial Court at the end of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

俳諧では蕉門十哲の各務支考に就き、名古屋や伊勢で活躍。
As for Haikai, he studied under Shiko KAGAMI who was one of the ten representative pupils under Basho MATSUO, and Hyakusen was active in Nagoya and Ise.

東京・麹町の自宅で療養中にも雑誌寄稿するなど活躍した。
Even while recuperating at home in Kojimachi, Tokyo, he worked hard for example by contributing articles to magazines.

宗旦の門弟の中で、特に活躍した4人を宗旦四天王という。
The four disciples who showed particular achievements were called the Sotan shitenno.

鳥羽天皇において、鳥羽上皇の第一の寵臣として活躍する。
During the era of the Emperor Toba, he was active as the most favorite retainer of the Retired Emperor Toba.

軍人、政治家、官僚として活躍し、侯爵の位を授けられた。
He was a soldier, politician, and bureaucrat and was awarded the rank of marquis.

元弘の変で後醍醐天皇方として活躍した花山院師賢は息子。
Morokata KAZANIN who performed splendidly at the Emperor Godaigo's side in the Genko Incident was his son.

その子の清盛に仕えて保元の乱、平治の乱で活躍している。
He served TAIRA no Kiyomori and did remarkable work in the Hogen and Heiji Wars.

これより観世流シテ方として活躍し、能楽界の重鎮となる。
Since then he has played an active role as shite-kata (an actor playing main roles) of Kanze-ryu school, and become a pillar of the Nohgaku society.

彼の４人抜きの活躍でうちの高校のチームが優勝しました。
His beating four competitors in a row won our high school team the championship.

２人とも今日は大活躍だったみたいね。先生も鼻が高いわ。
You've both been very impressive today. I'm proud of you.

跳躍するのに適した後肢を持つ、地上性の植物を食べる昆虫
terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping

プライマリケア医師は医療システムへの門番として活躍する
the primary care physician acts as a gatekeeper to the medical system

彼女の新しい小説は、ベストセラーリストの上位に躍り出た
Her new novel jumped high on the bestseller list

エッセイストとして活躍していた著者が、初めて小説を書く。
The author, who was working as a essayist, will write a novel for the first time.

また、白河天皇、堀河天皇両天皇の護持僧としても活躍した。
He also served as the gojiso (personal monk) of Emperor Shirakawa and Emperor Horikawa.

顕輔・清輔没後は六条藤原家の中心的存在として歌壇で活躍。
After the death of Akisuke and Kiyosuke, he was a leading figure in the poetry circles of the Rokujo-Fujiwara family.

主に軍記物語の『平家物語』に依って教経の活躍を記述する。
Noritsune's energetic activities are described below mainly in accordance with the 'Tale of the Heike,' a military epic.

秀政は次第に奉行職だけでなく戦場でも活躍するようになる。
Hidemasa served not only as bugyoshoku but also gained fame on battle fields.

保元の乱では為義に従い、崇徳天皇・藤原頼長方として活躍。
He served for Tameyoshi during the Hogen War, and took an active part on the side of Emperor Sutoku and FUJIWARA no Yorinaga.

戊辰戦争では奥羽鎮撫総督参謀、整武隊参謀として活躍する。
During the Boshin War, he served as a general staff at Ou Chinbu Sotoku (Commander Office of Ou region suppression campaign), and at the Seibutai corps.

大日本帝国陸軍の創成期から日露戦争にかけて活躍した軍人。
He was a military man who was active from the founding period of the Imperial Japanese Army to the Japanese-Russo War.

その後は公武合体運動を推進して二条斉敬らと共に活躍した。
After that, he promoted Kobu Gattai (Union of Court and Camp) movement and was active with Nariyuki NIJO and others.

『吾妻鏡』はこの合戦での義秀の活躍を詳細に記述している。
'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East) describes details of the distinguished deeds of Yoshihide in the battle.

藤原仲麻呂の乱で活躍し、正六位上から従五位下に出世した。
He was actively involved in FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War and he was promoted from Shorokuinojo (Senior Sixth Rank, Upper Grade) to Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade).

主君京極持清は実の従兄でもあり、その片腕として活躍する。
Takatada had an active career as the right-hand man of his lord and also his biological cousin Mochikiyo KYOGOKU.

一子があり、後に観世十郎を名乗って猿楽師として活躍した。
The only child of Motomasa referred to himself as Juro KANZE later, and was active as a performer of Sarugaku.

その後は第二奇兵隊の活躍によって長州側の勝利が確定した。
The second Choshu militia made the Choshu victory definitive.

その後は景虎（上杉謙信）に再び仕え、奉行として活躍した。
Subsequently, he served Kagetora (Kenshin UESUGI) for the second time as an administrator.

現在も多くの舞台で活躍し、後進の育成にも力を注いでいる。
He still plays on many stages and is dedicated to training the young.

幕末名古屋、京都で活躍、「千鳥の曲」など名曲を多数残した
Was active in Nagoya and Kyoto at the end of the Edo period and left various famous songs such as 'Chidori no Kyoku' (The Song of the Plover).

私は両手を広げ、その新たな感覚に小躍りするばかりだった。
I stretched out my hands, exulting in the freshness of these sensations;

『私どもも貴下のご活躍を聞くこと、諸方面にございます』。
--'This account of you we have from all quarters received.'

明治期には鶴家一座や、「改良俄」の曽我廼家一座が活躍した。
Groups such as the Tsuruya Company and the Soganoya Company, the latter being known for their 'advanced niwaka,' gained great popularity in the Meiji period.

その後は、栖鳳や菊池芳文の弟子たちが、個別に活躍していく。
After that the pupils of Seiho and Hobun KIKUCHI played active roles of their own.

これからの活躍を期待された矢先、神経内分泌がんのため死去。
Just as he was expected to do great things in the future, he died of neuroendocrine cancer.

「白浪物」は盗賊が活躍する歌舞伎狂言を総称する名前である。
Shiranami-mono' refers to a generic name for kabuki plays in which thieves flourish.

特に近衛忠熙は孝明天皇からの信任が厚く顧問として活躍した。
Particularly, Tadahiro KONOE, who enjoyed the deep confidence of Emperor Komei, worked as an adviser.

彼らは鎌倉幕府引付衆あるいは室町幕府奉行衆として活躍した。
These clans actively played roles of Hikitsukeshu (Coadjutors of the High Court) in the Kamakura bakufu and Bugyoshu (groups of magistrates) in the Muromachi bakufu.

幕末には澤為量・澤宣嘉父子が勤皇攘夷派の急先鋒として活躍。
In the last days of the Tokugawa Shogunate, Tamekazu SAWA and his son, Nobuyoshi SAWA actively worked as vanguards of the sonnojoi ha (supporters of the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians).

斯波高経やその長男・斯波家長らも足利尊氏に従い、活躍した。
Takatsune SHIBA and his eldest son, Ienaga SHIBA, followed Takauji ASHIKAGA and flourished.

行綱は源平合戦では源義経軍の一翼の多田源氏棟梁として活躍。
During the Genpei War (the war between the Minamoto and the Taira clans), Yukitsuna was active as the leader of the Tada-Genji, who formed a part of MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune's army.

10世紀の藤原純友追討に伊予の水軍を率いて活躍した橘遠保。
TACHIBANA no Toyasu that made great achievements in tracking and killing FUJIWARA no Sumitomo during the tenth century.

アユタヤには大きな日本人町が形成され、山田長政が活躍する。
A large Japanese community was formed in Ayutthaya, where Nagamasa YAMADA was active.

これを聞いた中巌円月がこの池を「龍躍池」と命名したという。
Chugan Engetsu who heard the story named the pond 'Ryuyaku-ike Pond' (Pond of the ascending dragon).

先住民族からなる高砂義勇隊は南方戦線で大きな活躍を見せた。
The Takasago Volunteer Army consisting of aborigines were very brave in the Southern battle line.

子の和気広世・和気真綱らは、父の没後に官人として活躍した。
After his death, his sons, such as WAKE no Hiroyo and WAKE no Matsuna, played an important role as government officials.

主に西国の軍事行動で活躍し安芸国内の沈静化にも務めている。
He played an active role in the military action mainly in Saigoku (western part of Japan), and made an effort to calm down Aki Province.

弘安4年（1281年）の弘安の役でも活躍して武功を挙げた。
Also in the Koan War in 1281, he played an active part and distinguished himself in the war.

日本映画草創期に活躍した邦画第1号の映画大スターであった。
He was the first great movie star in Japanese cinema at its inception.

壇ノ浦の戦いにも参加し、通信の軍船が中堅となって活躍した。
He also took part in the Battle of Dannoura, and the warship lead by Michinobu rendered distinguished service as a main force.

1960年フリーになり、新東宝、日活以外の邦画四社で活躍。
He went freelance in 1960 and played an active role in four major Japanese films outside of Shintoho and Nikkatsu.

一躍映画界を代表する存在になり、後世に大きな影響を与えた。
He immediately became a leading person in the film industry and had a great influence on future generations.

明治時代には貴族院議員などをつとめて政治家として活躍した。
During the Meiji Period, he became a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and played an active role as a politician.

- 歌舞伎から映画へ転身、時代劇の大スターとして活躍した。
Left kabuki for the film industry and became a major star of period dramas.

その跡は元豊の弟の冷泉元満が継ぎ、水軍の将として活躍した。
Mototoyo's younger brother, Motomitsu REIZEI, succeeded Mototoyo and he worked as general of the navy.

これは宗湛が秀吉時代に活躍したことをまとめた茶会記である。
It was the record of tea ceremony gatherings that described his activities during the Hideyoshi period.

戦国時代、毛利家の外交僧として活躍した安国寺恵瓊はこの宗派。
Ekei ANKOKUJI, who was a monk and also acted as a diplomat for the Mori clan in the Warring States period, belonged to this school.

鎌倉時代から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけて歌人として活躍した。
Kenko was active as a poet in the Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).

ある分野で活躍した人物が、華々しく見送られるときなどに言う。
It is used to express the occasion when people celebrate the retirement of someone who accomplished a great achievement in the specific field.

偏の「走」と合わさって、高く抜きんでるように躍り上がること。
Combined with '走' (hashiru, run) placed as the hen (left half of a character), 趯 means jumping up to look outstanding.

顕氏は観応の擾乱で活躍するも、やがて頼春と前後して死去する。
Akiuji played an active role in the Kanno Disturbance, but died around the same time as Yoriharu.

大津や坂本、堅田などが物資の水上運送で繁栄、堅田水軍が活躍。
Otsu, Sakamoto and Katata flourished in water transport of goods, and the Katata Navy was active.

治承・寿永の乱に於いては湛増などが壇ノ浦などで活躍している。
During Jisho-Juei War, Tanzo and other persons made achievements in Dannoura and other places.

官軍の攻撃を成功に導いたのは別働の吉次峠部隊の活躍が大きい。
The government army succeeded in the attack largely because the detached force at Kichiji Pass fought actively.

中でも地中海に派遣された第二特務艦隊の活躍は目覚ましかった。
Above all, the second special duty fleet which was dispatched to the Mediterranean performed brilliant exploits.

素性は父の遍照と共に宮廷に近い僧侶として和歌の道で活躍した。
Sosei took a lively part in composing waka poems as a monk who was close to the Imperial court together with his father, Henjo.

他にも、自らの表現形式を持って短歌を作る歌人が活躍し始めた。
Other poets also became active in the movement-poets who possessed their own original style of prose.

俳諧が盛んになり、松尾芭蕉、小林一茶といった人々が活躍した。
Haikai (seventeen-syllable verse) also became popular and people such as Basho MATSUO and Issa KOBAYASHI played leading roles.

新選組の主催した相撲興行でも活躍し「力さん」の異名をとった。
In the sumo wrestling performance sponsored by the Shinsengumi, he was nicknamed 'Riki-san (a powerful person)' for his critical plays.

762年の壬申の乱で大海人皇子（天武天皇）に従って活躍した。
He followed and worked hard for the Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) in the Jinshin War in 672.

672年の壬申の乱で大海人皇子（天武天皇）について活躍した。
He actively supported Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) during the Jinshin War of 672.

父の急死後は大友氏の家督を継いだ大友氏泰を補佐して活躍した。
After the sudden death of his father, he actively worked as an assistant of Ujiyasu OTOMO who succeeded the reigns of Otomo clan.

百済復興運動で活躍した鬼室福信の縁者で、孫に鬼室美成がいる。
He was a relative of Fukushin KISHITSU, who played an important role in the Baekje revival movement, and had a grandchild, 鬼室美成.

そして敵方に奪われた錦の御旗を取り返すという活躍をしている。
And he succeeded to retrieve the Imperial standard.

長男に、台湾総督府営繕課で活躍した建築家の森山松之助がいる。
His oldest son was Matsunosuke MORIYAMA, an architect who worked at building and repairing section of the Taiwan Government-General.

織田信長と豊臣秀吉の信認を得て、そのブレーンとして活躍した。
He obtained the trust of both Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and played important roles as a think tank for both individuals.

主に霊元天皇と東山天皇の御世の朝廷政治の中枢として活躍した。
He played a central role in the government of the Imperial court mainly in the eras of the Emperor Reigen and the Emperor Higashiyama.

活躍期は煎茶隆盛期でもあり、数多くの煎茶器の名品を制作した。
As his floruit was also a prosperous period for green tea, he created a large number of masterpiece tea sets for green tea.

肝付氏・大友氏・伊東氏との戦いで大いに活躍して軍功を挙げた。
He was actively involved in the battles against the Kimotsuki, the Otomo and the Ito clans, where he distinguished himself with his meritorious services.

謡の表現力にも定評があり、シテを引退した後も地頭として活躍。
His Utai (the chanting of a Noh text) also earned an established reputation, and after he had retired from shite (main role), he showed distinguished activity as a jigashira (the leader of the group reciters).

現代演劇、映画、舞踊などに活躍するが1979年、能楽に復帰。
He appeared in modern plays, movies and dance performances, and in 1979, he went back to Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

重厚で堅実な宝生流の芸風を体得し、同流の第一人者として活躍。
He mastered the style of performance of Hosho-ryu school which had depth and steadiness, and he was active as the leading expert of the school.

また鍼灸医として活躍したり、学者として名を馳せた検校もいる。
Furthermore, there were also Kengyo who were successful as acupuncture doctors and others who became famous as scholars.

いったん着地した怪物は、瞬間ふたたび跳躍して私の頭上にいた。
Having once landed the monster immediately jumped again and was over my head.

また、お説教が始まった。一言居士の面目躍如というところだね。
Uh-oh here comes another lecture. How typical. This guy has something to say about everything.

こうして、キツネは、ヤギの背中を跳躍し、井戸から抜け出した。
The Goat readily assented and the Fox leaped upon his back.

彼らは、より良い社会、より豊かな経済のために活躍しています。
They work for better communities and stronger economies.

そののちは九条家や本願寺の御用絵師として京都を中心に活躍する。
After that, he produced lots of works in Kyoto and other surrounding areas as an official painter of the Kujo family and Hongan-ji Temple.

本能寺の変後は豊臣秀吉に接近し、堺の代官として以後も活躍する。
Approaching Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI after the Honnoji Incident, he later flourished as daikan (governor) of Sakai.

団七の活躍で悪事は食いとめられるが、磯之丞による殺人がおこる。
This wrongdoing was stopped by Danshichi, but Isonojo killed a man.

鎌倉五山の成立や、日蓮が活躍するなど、仏教文化が大いに栄えた。
Buddhist Culture greatly flourished with the completion of Kamakura Gozan Temples and activities of Nichiren.

治承・寿永の乱で活躍した山本義経・柏木義兼兄弟などが知られる。
The two brothers, Yoshitsune YAMAMOTO and Yoshikane KASHIWAGI, who played active roles in the Jisho-Juei War, are well-known.

そして、負けじと豪華な絵を集めて帝の気を引こうと躍起になった。
Not willing to be outdone, he became an avid collector of splendid pictures to draw the emperor's attention.

また、私塾東丘社の主催者として、画壇の指導者としても活躍した。
He also played an active role as the organizer of his private art school, Tokyusha, as well as being the leader of an art circle.

豊臣秀吉の側近として仕え、調略や他大名との交渉などに活躍した。
He served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as his close aide by playing an active role in covert operations to induce defection and to negotiate with other feudal lords.

弟はのちに浅草オペラで活躍し宝塚歌劇団の劇作家になる岸田辰彌。
His younger brother was Tatsuya KISHIDA, who later took a lively part in Asakusa Opera and became a playwright for the Takarazuka Revue.

適塾では大村益次郎他明治維新で活躍する多くの人材と知遇をうる。
At the Tekijuku, he was treated with kindness by the personnel, who were actively involved with the Meiji Restoration including Masujiro OMURA.

672年の壬申の乱で大海人皇子（天武天皇）側について活躍した。
He fought with Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and took an active part in the Jinshin War.

江戸時代末期から明治・大正にかけて活躍し各地の農業を指導した。
Rikinosuke had great success as an instructor of agricultural techniques in various places from the end of Edo Period to the Meiji and Taisho Periods.

以後も長野らとともに将軍継嗣問題や安政の大獄の処理に活躍した。
Afterwards, he played an important role in handling the issues such as a problem of heir of Shogun and handling the issue of Ansei no Taigoku (suppression of extremists by the Shogunate).

嶋原の太夫として活躍の後、昭和62年（1987年）12月逝去。
She was active as Tayu of Shimabara, and passed away in December, 1987.

大学寮を出た後に学者・官僚として活躍して朝臣の姓を与えられた。
After graduating from the Daigaku-ryo (Bureau of Education, where bureaucrats were educated), Kiyota worked actively as a scholar and a bureaucrat and was awarded the title of Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles).

元弘3年（1333年）、父・義助は義貞の挙兵に参加し活躍した。
When Yoshisada raised an army, Yoshiharu's father Yoshisuke participated in the army and performed greatly during 1333.

いわゆる文人僧として詩・書画画・篆刻と文芸に秀でた活躍をした。
As a 'priest of letters,' Goshin excelled in making poems, calligraphy, painting, and seal engraving.

戦後の佐和山城攻めにも加わり、大坂の役でも先鋒として活躍する。
He also joined in the attack of Sawayama-jo Castle after the war and then in the Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka) as a spearhead.

翌年の大坂の役大坂夏の陣にも出陣し、兄・忠直に従って活躍した。
He also joined the Siege of Osaka (Summer Siege of Osaka) next year and fought well by following the direction given by his brother Tadanao.

安東愛季の配下・南部季賢を内応させるなど、謀略面でも活躍した。
Sueto was also active in stratagem, such as making Suetaka NANBU who was under the control of Chikasue ANDO betray to the enemy.

これといって何もなかったが、美味そうなスープにツルは心躍った。
and provided nothing for his entertainment but some soup made of pulse,

それからこっちのほうでは、あなたの雇主として活躍したわけです。
This one acted as your engager,

鎌倉時代、運慶ら仏師が活躍し、江戸時代まで大きな仏師勢力だった。
The sculptor Unkei and his sons were active from the Kamakura period and the school's sculptors remained influential until the Edo period.

南インドの王国の第三王子として生まれ、中国で活躍した仏教の僧侶。
Daruma was born as the third prince in a kingdom in South India and worked as a Buddhist priest in China.

彼らの中には現在でも芸能文化活動の第一線で活躍している者が多い。
Many of them are still active at the forefront of entertainment today.

江戸時代には狂歌や雑俳に関わる人々など素人の咄家も活躍していた。
During the Edo period, amateur story tellers including those who were involved in kyoka (comic and satirical tanka) and playful literature originating from haiku were active.

三男の竹田恒和（1947年生）は、父と同じく日本馬術連盟で活躍。
The third son, Tsunekazu TAKEDA (born in 1947) was active in Japan Equestrian Federation like his father.

以後、薩摩藩・長州藩などと共に倒幕の中枢藩の一つとして活躍した。
Thereafter, together with domains of Satsuma and Choshu, the domain played a central role in the overthrow of the bakufu.

江戸時代中期には霊元天皇歌壇で活躍することとなる中院通躬がでた。
During the middle of the Edo Period, Michimi NAKANOIN who played an active role in the poetry circles of the Emperor Reigen, appeared.

この戦争では多数の負傷者を救護するために日本赤十字社が活躍した。
In this war, the Japanese Red Cross Society played an important role in relieving many injured persons.

生食（いけづき）は平安時代末期に活躍した名馬一覧の名称である。
Ikezuki (生食) was the name of fine horses which did remarkable work in the end of Heian period.

相模は数々の歌合に名をつらね、後朱雀・後冷泉朝の歌壇で活躍した。
Sagami joined many uta awase (poetry matches), and was actively involved in the waka poem circles of the Gosuzaku and Goreizei dynasties.

ほぼ同時期に江戸で活躍した読本作者には曲亭馬琴や山東京伝がいる。
His contemporary writers of yomihon in Edo were Bakin KYOKUTEI and Kyoden SANTO.

江戸や大坂で上田秋成、曲亭馬琴、山東京伝といった作者が活躍した。
In Edo and Osaka, the writers such as Akinari UEDA, Bakin KYOKUTEI, and Kyoden SANTO wrote the books vigorously.

鎌倉時代には重要な活躍として鈴鹿山の鬼を退治するものが加わった。
During the Kamakura period, another important legend was added to the traditional repertoire, in which Tamuramaro fights off the oni of Mt. Suzuka.

政界での活躍の他、藤原氏一族の子弟の教育機関として勧学院の建立。
While he was active in politics, he also established Kangakuin (university) as an educational institute to educate the children of the Fujiwara clan.

その後、祖父の織田信長の活躍で織田信長天下布武に格段と近づいた。
They later got enormously close to Nobunaga ODA's Tenkafubu ('conquering the world with military power') due the activities of Nobunaga ODA, who was a grandfather at this time.

また、弟子たちを他の画家に送り込んでさまざまな分野で活躍させた。
He also made his disciples study under other artists so that they are active in various fields.

1859年には藩の軍政改革に参画するなど、尊攘派として活躍した。
He played an important role as a member of sonjo party (royalists), such as the involvement in the military policy reform of the clan in 1859.

壬申の乱で活躍したことから、坂合部薬が後に赦されたことがわかる。
His deeds of valor in Jinshin War indicates that SAKAIBE no Kusuri was pardoned later.

『吾妻鏡』によると、この合戦でもっとも活躍したのが義秀であった。
According to 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East), Yoshihide displayed the most remarkable service.

その後、貫名菘翁、山本梅逸を師として、京都を中心に活躍していく。
Later, having Suo NUKINA and Baiitsu YAMAMOTO as his masters, he was active in Kyoto area.

乾堂は文人としての活動ばかりでなく事業家としても大いに活躍した。
Kendo was not only a man of literature, he was also a man of great ability in business.

その他、佐々木高行とともに坂本龍馬とも結んで武器調達に活躍した。
In addition, he and Takayuki SASAKI had a great success in obtaining weapons working with Ryoma SAKAMOTO.

家庭面以外では、この頃漱石は俳壇でも活躍し、名声を確保していく。
Except for family life, Soseki was as successful as being active in haiku circles and won fame.

しかし、近代初期の日本外交において独特な活躍をみせた人物である。
However, he played a unique role in Japanese diplomacy in the early modern times.

藤原式家の院政期における儒文確立の礎を築くなどの活躍をしている。
He was active in building the foundation for Confucianism academically during the insei period (the period of government by the retired Emperor) of the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan.

三成に対する恨みからか、本戦における黒田隊の活躍は凄まじかった。
The performance of the Kuroda troops in this battle was extraordinary, due to resentment toward Mitsunari.

勢いにのって突撃してきた磯野員昌隊の進撃を阻止するなど活躍する。
He was noted for stopping an attack by Kazumasa ISONO's forces which had gained momentum.

後に朝鮮通信使の江戸接待役や下館城守衛などを務めるなど活躍した。
After that, he served as an Edo marshal for Chosen Tsushinshi (the Korean Emissary) and a guard of Shimodate-jo Castle.

祖母は宝塚歌劇団の元娘役でのちに映画女優として活躍した轟夕起子。
Her grandmother was Yukiko TODOROKI, who formerly performed female roles in Takarazuka Shojo Kagekidan (Takarazuka Girls Revue Company) and later became popular as a film actress.

南宋の都であった杭州の画院で、寧宗 (宋)の時代に活躍をみせた。
He took an active role at the gain (art institution) in Hangzhou, the capital of Southern Sung, during the era of Neiso (Sung).

私は今まさに最後の旅路につき、暗黒へと一大飛躍しようとしている。
I am about to take my last voyage, a great leap in the dark.

前脚が下りる前に、両方の後ろ脚が地面を離れるような、馬の軽い跳躍
a light leap by a horse in which both hind legs leave the ground before the forelegs come down

また、幕末期に活躍した玉松操もこの阿野家の末流に連なる人物である。
Misao TAMAMATSU, who played an active role in the end of Edo period, was also a descendant of the Ano family.

江戸時代にも白隠慧鶴や仙厓義梵などが活躍したが次第に衰えていった。
In the Edo period, despite the spectacular flowering of Hakuin Ekaku and Sengai Gibon, popularity of gaso gradually declined.

例えば鎧を着用しなくなった西南戦争時に抜刀隊が両軍で活躍している。
For example, at the Seinan War, when they didn't wear an armor anymore, the Drawn Sword Squad made achievements in both armies.

そのまま高度経済成長の波に乗り、ミカン栽培は飛躍的な伸びを見せる。
The cultivation of mikan rode the wave of high economic growth and production soared.

現在では、藤原道山、ZAN、遠音などのアーティストが活躍している。
At present, performers such as Dozan FUJIWARA, ZAN and Tone are active performing modern music on the shakuhachi.

その門下生たちは、すでに酒造業界の第一線、中堅として活躍している。
The graduates have already flourished as medium-level toji in the front lines of the sake industry.

鞍作止利（くらつくりのとり）は、飛鳥時代に活躍した帰化人系の仏師。
KURATSUKURI no Tori was a busshi (sculptor of Buddhist Statues) of the naturalized citizen group who was active in the Asuka period.

この背景には、音阿弥の活躍が大きく影響していたものと思われている。
It is considered that Otoami played an important role in the background of this.

代々「新九郎」を名乗り、江戸時代は観世座小鼓方筆頭として活躍した。
Each generation named 'Shinkuro' of Miyamasu played actively as the head of kotsuzumi-kata working in Kanze-za in the Edo Period.

江戸中期に活躍した歌舞伎役者初代中島三甫右衛門によって大成された。
It was perfected by Mihoemon NAKAJIMA the first, a Kabuki actor in the mid-Edo period.

倒幕・攘夷派の象徴として、また近代国家日本の指導者として活躍した。
He acted as a symbol of the force to overthrow the Shogunate and antiforeign sentiment, and was also a leader of modern Japan.

能有の男系の子孫には、後代保元の乱で活躍した源季実などが出ている。
Later, Yoshiari's male descendants produced MINAMOTO no Suezane who fought bravely in the Hogen War.

室町時代の一条兼良は、政治以外に、学問や連歌の文化的活躍も残した。
Kanera ICHIJO, during the Muromachi period, was active not only in politics but also in the cultural world such as academics and renga (linked verse).

冬嗣は嵯峨天皇の蔵人頭として活躍し、それを足掛かりとして台頭した。
Fuyutsugu flourished as kurodo no to (head chamberlain) of Emperor Saga, and thus gained power.

そして与党という有利な条件のもとで総選挙に勝って第一党へ躍進する。
Next, taking advantage of being the party in power, the minority party won a general election and took great leap forward to become the leading party.

藤原道長の時代の歌壇で活躍し「拾遺和歌集」の撰集にも関ったという。
It is said that he was active in the poetry circle in the era of FUJIWARA no Michinaga and took part in compiling 'Shui Wakashu' (Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poems).

『権記』（ごんき）は、平安時代中期に活躍した藤原行成の記した日記。
'Gonki' is a diary of FUJIWARA no Yukinari, who lived during the middle of the Heian period.

父は、水戸藩士として「水戸学」の尊皇攘夷思想により志士として活躍。
His father, a clansman of the Mito Domain, worked actively as a royalist on the basis of the thought of Sonno Joi (reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) of 'Mitogaku' (the scholarship and academic traditions that arose in the Mito Domain).

学問を修め、正式な官僚として朝廷に仕え、活躍ぶりは抜きんでていた。
After pursuing his studies, he served in the Imperial Court as a formal government official and excelled in performance.

忠正は源為義と並ぶ上皇方の重鎮として活躍するが、武運つたなく敗北。
As a leader on the retired Emperor's side along with MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, Tadamasa fought courageously, but his luck in battle turned against him and he was defeated.

この事件の後、同氏は宗教界や歌壇において活躍する氏族となっていく。
After the downfall in politics, the Ki clan changed the scene of their activities into the fields of religion and poetry.

陶弘護暗殺後の陶氏の家督争いには、弘矩が暗躍したともいわれている。
It is said that Hironori was behind the succession dispute in the Sue family broke out after Hiromori SUE was assassinated.

3月の江戸開城後は北関東に転戦し、4月下旬に宇都宮城の戦いで活躍。
He moved to the north Kanto region after the surrender of Edo Castle in March and played an active part in the Battle of Utsunomiya Castle in the end of April.

子孫には幕末維新時に伊勢の大名家の家老として活躍した者も見られる。
At the time of the restoration of the Bakufu, descendents were found to be serving as retainers in the Ise daimyo's (lord) household.

『ビルマの竪琴』で一躍名監督の仲間入りを果たし、さらに大映に移籍。
'Biruma no tategoto' (The Burmese Harp) catapulted him into fame as a director, and he transferred to Diei.

この芸風は息子長俊に受け継がれ、彼もまた能作者として活躍している。
His style was inherited by his son Nagatoshi who was also active as a noh playwright.

醍醐天皇・村上天皇朝に活躍し、憲平親王（冷泉天皇）の侍読を勤めた。
He was active during the eras of Emperor Daigo and Emperor Murakami, and served as Jidoku (imperial tutor) for Imperial Prince Norihira (Emperor Reizei).

四国・小笠原征伐で活躍し、朝鮮出兵（慶長の役）では秀秋に従軍した。
He played an active role in subjugation of Ogasawara clan in Shikoku and also fought to support Hideaki at Japan's Invasion of Korea (Keicho Campaign).

天正6年（1578年）の耳川の戦いでは大いに活躍して武功を立てた。
During the Battle of Mimi-kawa in 1578, he fought actively and made an outstanding military achievement.

しかし鎌倉幕府の公式記録である『吾妻鏡』には行綱の活躍がみえない。
However, there is no description on Yukitsuna's remarkable service in 'Azuma Kagami' (the Mirror of the East), an official record of Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

戦いは上総広常の活躍により秀義を逃亡させ終わった（金砂城の戦い）。
The battle had finished as Hideyoshi fled, with the remarkable service of Hirotsune KAZUSA (the Battle of Kinsa-jo Castle).

はじめ父や兄と共に織田信長に仕え、大和国片岡城攻めなどで活躍した。
He first served Nobunaga ODA with his father and brother, and played an important role in the invasion of Kataoka Castle in Yamato Province.

奈良時代に活躍した修験道の開祖・役小角の末裔であると言われている。
It is said that KAMO was a descendant of EN no Ozume, the founder of Shugendo who flourished in the Nara Period.

江戸時代の農業技術の飛躍的な向上は田守たちの活躍によるものである。
The Edo period saw a significant improvement of farming techniques thanks to the tamori.

1977年9月に開設した、主に加悦鉄道で活躍した車両を展示している。
It opened in September 1977 to exhibit mainly rail cars that were used by the Kaya Railway.

手事ものを大成したのは、18世紀末に大阪で活躍した峰崎勾当であった。
The person who perfected tegotomono was Koto Minezaki, who was popular in Osaka during the late 18th century.

京都では2代目曾呂利新左衛門、桂文之助上方、桂枝太郎初代が活躍した。
In Kyoto Shinzaemon SORORI II, Bunnosuke KATSURA in Kamigata and Edataro KATSURA I were popular.

明治・大正期は日本画の隆盛により、掛軸もさらに大きく飛躍していった。
With the prosperity of 'Nihon ga' (Japanese paintings), kakejiku flourished vigorously in the Meiji and Taisho period.

加賀在の手猿楽役者として活躍した初代野村万蔵保尚の家系がこれである。
This is the family of the first Manzo Yasuhisa NOMURA, who was active as a tesarugaku actor in Kaga Province.

子の宝生新（十世宗家）、女婿宝生弥一・森茂好らが名手として活躍した。
His son Arata HOSHO (the tenth familyhead), Arata's son-in-law Yaichi HOSHO and Shigeyoshi MORI were actively involved as master dancers.

江戸や大阪の町で上田秋成、曲亭馬琴、山東京伝といった作者が活躍した。
In cities such as Edo and Osaka, writers such as Akinari UEDA, Bakin KYOKUTEI and Kyoden SANTO became famous for their Yomihon stories.

ブルーリボン賞（1961年）特別賞三船敏郎（国際的な活躍による）
Blue Ribbon Awards (1961) Special Award: Toshiro MIFUNE (for his international success)

石川五右衛門、鼠小僧と並ぶ日本屈指の盗賊「白浪五人男」の活躍を描く。
This play shows activities of outstanding thieves in Japan, 'Shiranami Gonin Otoko,' who were comparable to Goemon ISHIKAWA and Nezumi Kozo (a famous robber in Edo city).

明治期から昭和期にかけて活躍した芸術家の織田一磨は直系の子孫である。
Kazuma ODA, an artist who played an active role from the Meiji period to the Showa period, was a direct descendent.

冒頭の数正は徳川家康に仕え活躍したが、やがて豊臣秀吉の下に出奔した。
The aforementioned Kazumasa had been actively involved in serving Ieyasu TOKUGAWA until he ran away to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.

児玉党系塩谷氏の活躍については、『源平盛衰記』などの資料に見られる。
The great success of the KODAMA Party Line SHIONOYA clan was described in the materials such as 'Genpei Seisui ki' (Rise and Fall of the MINAMOTO and Taira Clans) and so on.

その中で三沢為清は一貫して毛利氏に従い、尼子再興軍の撃退に活躍した。
Under such circumstances, Tamekiyo MISAWA consistently followed the Mori clan and played an active role in repelling the Amago restoration army.

児島湾干拓事業で手腕を発揮したのち、毎日新聞に移り、さらに飛躍した。
After having a major hand in the Kojima Bay reclamation project, he moved to the Mainichi Shinbun, making rapid progress.

大砲2門を奪取するなど、当時の新聞に報道されるほどの活躍をしている。
He played an important role, as it was even reported in newspapers of those days that he had captured two big guns.

平家は彼の子、平忠盛の時代に飛躍的に勢力を拡大し全盛期を現出させる。
The Taira family expanded its power dramatically, culminating in the heyday of the Taira family during the period of TAIRA no Tadamori, who was Masamori's son.

その後、弁慶は義経の忠実な家来として活躍し、平家討伐に功名を立てる。
Later, Benkei made a great performance as a royal retainer of Yoshitsune and made a name in the battle against the Taira clan.

関ヶ原の戦いの後、徳川家康に作事方として仕え、二条城建設に活躍した。
He served as the construction officer for Ieyasu TOKUGAWA after the Battle of Sekigahara and participated in the construction of Nijo-jo Castle.

以後、忠勝は常に家康の居城の城下に住み、旗本部隊の将として活躍した。
Afterwards, Tadakatsu always lived near Ieyasu's living castle and performed well as a commander of the hatamoto troop.

義仲に従って横田河原の合戦や倶利伽羅峠の戦いなどに参戦し、活躍する。
He participated in the Battle of Yokotagawara and the battle of the Kurikara Pass following Yoshinaka and fought excellently in the battles.

この決闘での安兵衛の活躍が「18人斬り」として江戸で評判になりった。
Yasubei's performance in the duel became the talk of the town of Edo as 'Juhachi-nin giri' (cutting down of 18 men with a sword).

後鳥羽院の女房となり、後鳥羽院歌壇で活躍、多くの歌合へ参加している。
She became a wife of the Retired Emperor Gotoba, took an active part in the Gotoba-in poetry circle, and participated in a lot of poetry contests.

峰山藩京極家からは幾人もの若年寄が出、江戸幕府中枢において活躍した。
A number of members of the Kyogoku family of the Mineyama domain were active in the center of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) politics.

大館氏は新田氏の一門で、大館氏明は新田義貞の重臣として活躍している。
As the Odate clan were dependents of the Nitta Clan, Ujiaki ODATE was active as the chief vassal of Yoshisada NITTA.

徐々に活躍の場を失うも、内務省勅任官技術顧問としての責務を全うした。
De Rijke gradually lost his place to exhibit his skills; however, he fulfilled his responsibilities after the imperial appointment as technical adviser of the Department of the Interior

兄・忠直も直政の活躍を賞賛し、自身の領内に1万石の所領を与えている。
His elder brother Tadanao also complimented Naomasa's performance, and granted a shoryo (territory) of 10,000 koku from his own territory.

信長没後は豊臣秀吉に仕えて小田原攻め、朝鮮出兵などでも活躍している。
After Nobunaga died, he served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and played an important role in the Siege of Odawara and the Invasion of Korea.

近藤真琴学校法人攻玉社学園を創立、主に数学・工学・航海術の分野で活躍
Makoto KONDO: Founded an incorporated educational institution, Kogyokusha Gakuen, and played an active part mainly in mathematics, engineering and navigation.

1972年に極彩色の壁画が発見されたことで一躍注目されるようになった。
With the discovery of a richly colored (gaudy) mural paintings in 1972, it came into the spotlight in a single bound.

政府の外郭団体として再出発したことにより、武道は飛躍的に発展普及する。
Martial arts grew and spread significantly with this new start as an extra-departmental organization of the government.

墨跡の中国書法は北島雪山に伝授され、雪山は唐様の創始者として活躍した。
The Chinese calligraphic style for bokuseki was initiated into Setsuzan KITAJIMA, and Setsuzan acted actively as the founder of the Chinese calligraphic style.

宣安は大鼓方から出て、一流を築き、当時の立会能で活躍した名人であった。
Nobuyasu, who turned from otsuzumi-kata and established his own school, was a master who actively performed in the Noh competitions called Tachiai Noh of the time.

学習院時代には馬術部に所属し、高校2年生の秋以降は主将として活躍した。
Belonging to the Equestrian club in his school days of Gakushuin School, he played an active part as the captain since the autumn of his second grade year of high school.

野田川町町長初当選当時、京都府内唯一の女性首長として一躍有名になった。
She became instantaneously famous for being the only female head in Kyoto Prefecture at the time of passing the election of the mayor of Nodagawa-cho.

江戸時代以降の武士は、軍事から文化へと活躍の場を移っていくことになる。
The field of performance of the bushi after the Edo period moved from military affairs to culture.

現代劇で活躍していた人気若手スター・川口浩（川口松太郎の長男）が退社。
Popular young actor Hiroshi KAWAGUCHI (the first son of Matsutaro KAWAGUCHI), who appeared in Daiei's period drama films, left the company.

小野氏（おのうじ）は、7世紀前半から平安時代中期にかけて活躍した氏族。
Ono clan was a clan which was active from the early seventh century to the middle of the Heian period.

王政復古から戊辰戦争にかけて活躍した藩主・公卿・藩士などに給付された。
The rewards were awarded to lords of domains, nobles, or warriors who demonstrated significant achievements over the Boshin War, or the Restoration of Imperial Rule.

第二次世界大戦が終わり、公衆衛生が飛躍的に向上すると伝染病患者は激減。
After the World War Ⅱ, the number of infectious disease patients dropped drastically by rapid improvement of public health.

俊恵が白川の自坊で主宰した歌林苑（宮廷歌人の集まり）の一人として活躍。
She actively participated in Karin-en (poetry gatherings of court poets) that Shune held in his residence in Shirakawa.

その弘護の活躍もあり1472年には教幸を自害に追い込み、乱を鎮圧する。
In 1472, partly due to Hiromori's activities, he drove Noriyuki into committing suicide, and brought the war under control.

教育者としても活躍し、明治2年（1869年）、私塾立命館で教員になる。
He was also active as a teacher, teaching at the Shijuku Ritsumeikan (Ritsumeikan Private Academy) in 1869.

その時に購入した軍艦は、後に日露戦争で大活躍した三笠 (戦艦)である。
The navy ship purchased at that time was Mikasa (battle ship) which achieved outstanding performance in the Japanese-Russo War later.

待賢門の戦いでは義朝の長男源義平とともに平清盛の長男平重盛と戦い活躍。
In the Battle of Taiken-mon Gate, he fought courageously in cooperation with Yoshitomo's eldest son MINAMOTO no Yoshihira against TAIRA no Shigemori, Kiyomori's eldest son.

清盛死後の盛国の活躍は老齢のためもあってか、あまり詳しくは見られない。
Morikuni's success after Kiyomori's death was not recorded in detail, perhaps partly due to his old age.

源頼朝に伊豆国の流人時代から仕え、その挙兵に従い治承・寿永の乱で活躍。
Moritsuna who had served MINAMOTO no Yoritomo since he had stayed in Izu Province as an exile followed the army raised by Yoritomo and played an active role in the Jisho-Juei War.

だが、復興の果たせないことを悟り、唐に投降し、唐の将軍として活躍した。
He surrendered to the Tang Dynasty, however, after realizing that the revival of Baekje would not be achieved, and later he greatly contributed to Tang as a Tang Dynasty general.

1911年に帝国劇場に所属し、翌年よりプリマドンナとして活躍を続ける。
In 1911, she became a member of the Teikoku-gekijo Theater (the Imperial Garden Theater), and from the next year she went on being active as the prima donna.

承久3年（1221年）6月、承久の乱では北条泰時に従い京都で活躍する。
In Jokyu War in June, 1221, he followed Yasutoki HOJO and did remarkable services in Kyoto.

橋本菱華・橋本陵華(はしもと・りょうか)は明治時代に活躍した日本画家。
Ryoka HASHIMOTO who flourished in Meiji period was a Japanese-style painter.

院庁の年預を務めるなど、鳥羽天皇院政期を代表する院近臣として活躍した。
He was further posted to Nenyo (functionaries who during this time took the responsibility for running the actual affairs of the various central government offices) of In no cho (the Retired Emperor's Office) and played an active role as a typical close aide at the time of In ruling period of Emperor Toba.

8月、一向一揆、高取城の越智家栄を攻めるが筒井氏、十市氏の活躍で潰滅。
September 1532: He suppressed Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers), Iehide OCHI of Takatori-jo Castle, but was defeated by the Tsutsui and Tochi clans.

同時代に活躍した当理流の宮本無二助藤原一真と同一人物という見方もある。
Some historians consider that Muni was identical with Muninosuke MIYAMOTO (Kazuma FUJIWARA) who had been famous as the master of Tori-ryu School, contemporary with Muni.

このようにして、京阪神緩行線における103系の最後の活躍に花を添えた。
In that way, train series 103 completed the last stage on the Keihanshin Local Line.

月読命は「夜の食国を知らせ」と命ぜられるが、これ以降の活躍は一切無い。
Although Tsukuyomi no mikoto was instructed to rule the country of the night, none of his subsequent activities is stated.

平安時代中期、清和天皇・宇多天皇の頃に活躍した陰陽師、滋丘川人の弟子。
A student of Onmyoji SHIGEOKA no Kawahito, who flourished in days of Emperor Seiwa and Emperor Uda during the mid Heian Period.

一般的には平安時代に活躍した空海・橘逸勢・嵯峨天皇の三人のことを指す。
Generally, Sanpitsu means Kukai, TACHIBANA no Hayanari, and the Emperor Saga; they were active in the Heian period.

雪で覆われたスロープにかけられた高い斜面からスキーによる跳躍を行う行為
the act of performing a jump on skis from a high ramp overhanging a snow covered slope

フランスの後期印象派の画家で、南太平洋で活躍した（1848-1903）
French Post-impressionist painter who worked in the South Pacific (1848-1903)

日本では、十王信仰が持ち込まれた事で他界についての情報が飛躍的に増えた。
The quantity of information on takai (the world after death) has increased dramatically in Japan due to the introduction of the Juo-shinko.
In Japan, the information about the next world increased drastically due to the introduction of the Juo-shinko belief.

そういった新しい時代の気運に連動して、仏教も飛躍的な成長を遂げていった。
Together with such changes during the new period, Buddhism also experienced significant growth.

躍り系の田楽には、豊穣を祈念するものと、魔事退散を祈念するものとがある。
Dengaku dances include dances that are prayers for a good harvest, and dances that are prayers for driving away evil.

幕末の万延、文久頃、名古屋、京都で活躍した盲人音楽家吉沢検校が作曲した。
It was composed by a blind musician, Kengyo (the highest title of the official ranks within the Todo-za (the traditional guild for the blind)) YOSHIZAWA, who was active in Nagoya and Kyoto during the Manen and Bunkyu eras at the end of the Edo Period.

文化 (元号)年間を中心に地歌三味線、箏の演奏家、作曲家として活躍した。
Mainly during the Bunka era, he was active as a player of jiuta shamisen and so (or koto) and a composer.

幼少期は子供芝居で、やや長じては青年劇中村扇雀一座の座頭として活躍する。
In the infant stage, he performed in a children's play and later actively performed as zagashira (the leader of a troupe) of the troupe of Senjaku NAKAMURA for youth plays.

江戸時代には金春流の座付きとして活躍し、大鼓方大倉流をアシライ鼓とした。
The school actively performed as the accompanist of Konparu school in the Edo period, and it used otsuzumi-kata of Okura school as ashirai tsuzumi (accompanying hand drum).

折り紙作家は幾人もいるが、プロとして活躍しているものは一握りしかいない。
There are some origami artists, but only a handful of artists working as professional.

源平合戦で活躍するも、その後源氏の総大将である兄頼朝に追われる事となる。
He fought well in the Genpei War, and was later pursued by his older brother Yoritomo, the supreme commander of the Minamoto clan.

そんな中、鷲津武時と三木義明の活躍によって形勢が逆転したとの報せが入る。
Meanwhile, he was reported that the situation reversed due to the good work of Taketoki WASHIZU and Yoshiaki MIKI.

この童子は後にも怪力で活躍をした末に得度出家し、道場法師となったという。
The doji made other accomplishments using his marvelous strength and entered the Buddhist priesthood, and was called Buddhist monk Dojo.

長男の細川忠興（三斎）は、紀伊国雑賀攻めで初陣し、信長の部将として活躍。
His first son, Tadaoki (Sansai) HOSOKAWA took uijin (first battle) in the attack of Saiga of Ki Province, and did splendid service as busho (commanding officer) of Nobunaga.

また、峰山藩京極家からは幾人もの若年寄が出て、江戸幕府の中枢で活躍した。
The Kyogoku clan of the Mineyama Domain produced a lot of 'wakadoshiyori' (a managerial position in Edo bakufu) and they worked actively in the inner circle of the government.

儒学者より任命されることが多く天皇即位後は側近として活躍する例もあった。
Confucian scholars were often appointed to these posts and they sometimes worked as close advisers after the Crown Prince ascended to the throne.

嘉隆率いる織田氏の水軍は長島一向一揆の征伐や石山合戦に参加して活躍した。
Oda's suigun led by Yoshitaka joined the battle of Nagashima Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers in Nagashima) and Ishiyama war, where they made some achievements.

義盟に加わり、吉良邸の探索などに活躍したが、討ち入りの直前になって脱落。
Despite joining the group and contributing to operations such as the search for the Kira-tei Residence, he dropped out just before the raid.

そこを天野遠景と仁田忠常が躍りかかり、たちまち能員を討ち取ってしまった。
Then Tokage AMANO and Tadatsune NITA jumped on Yoshikazu and killed him on the spot.

連歌界での活躍は目覚しく、38歳で北野連歌会所奉行及び師匠となっている。
His activities in the renga society was remarkable and he became the manager and instructor of Kitano Renga-kaisho (place of a gathering of renga poets) at the age of 38.

同時代に活躍し、間宮海峡にその名を残す探検家である間宮林蔵は同族である。
Rinzo MAMIYA, who was an explorer and after whom the mamiya strait was named, was from the same family as Genpaku.

秀満の庶子太郎五郎が、幕末に活躍した坂本龍馬の先祖であるという説がある。
One theory has it that Tarogoro, Hidemitsu's illegitimate son was an ancestor of Ryoma SAKAMOTO who played an active role in the late Edo period.

河勝は秦氏の族長的人物であったとされ、聖徳太子のブレーンとして活躍した。
It is believed that Kawakatsu was considered as the head of the Hata clan and played a role as a strategist for Prince Shotoku.

慶長5年（1600年）、関ヶ原の戦いでも家康本陣で槍奉行を務め活躍した。
In 1600, he played an active role in headquarters of Ieyasu army as a yari bugyo (spear magistrate) in the Battle of Sekigahara.

元寇に際して一族を挙げて戦い、その活躍が『蒙古襲来絵詞』に描かれている。
He fought with an all-out effort by the family at the time of the Mongol invasion of Japan, which was described in Moko Shurai Ekotoba (picture scrolls of Mongol invasion attempts against Japan).

応仁の乱のため上京した大内政弘に従い、弘矩は在京、諸所の合戦に活躍した。
Accompanying Masahiro OUCHI who came to Kyoto for participating in the Onin War, Hironori also stayed in Kyoto and made distinguished contributions in battles broke out in various places.

明治政府に仕えて小菅県や印旛県などの県令を歴任後に実業家として活躍した。
After he served the Meiji Government as the governor of Kosuge Prefecture, Inba Prefecture and others, he flourished as a businessperson.

老境に至るまで大夫の補佐役として第一線で活躍し、「権守」の称号を受けた。
Nobumitsu was active until ripe old age on the front lines assisting tayu, and awarded the title of 'Gonno kami' (a title given to those who excelled at a wide range of performances).

いま一人が本項で述べる太夫（18世紀半ばに活躍した「大橋太夫」）である。
The other 'Ohashi Tayu,' who was active during the middle of the 18th century, is the focus of this section.

増阿弥（ぞうあみ、生没年未詳）は世阿弥と同時期に活躍した田楽新座の役者。
Zoami (year of birth and death unknown) was an actor of the Dengaku Shinza (New Dengaku Guild), who was active during the same time period as Zeami.

織田軍は滝川一益らの活躍で半月ほどの間に長島周辺の敵城を次々と落とした。
The Oda army captured enemy castles around Nagashima one after another for about half a month with the good showing of Kazumasu TAKIGAWA.

その活躍から松倉重信（右近）と並んで筒井家の両翼「右近左近」と称された。
He and Shigenobu MATSUKURA (Ukon) were called the two wings (Ukon and Sakon) of the Tsutsui clan due to their conspicuous service.

1205年10月から京都守護に任じられて、山門騒動の鎮圧などに活躍した。
In October 1205, he was appointed to Kyoto shugo (Military governor of Kyoto), and since then he actively pursued his duties such as suppressing the Sanmon sodo (incident).

この報告書も後押しとなり、日本の道路整備は飛躍的に進んでいくことになる。
Inspired by this report, road maintenance and improvement in Japan began making dramatic progress.

このことから、天太玉命ら斎部氏の祖神の活躍が記紀よりも多く記されている。
That's why this book contains more success stories of Soshin (enshrined ancestors) of the Inbe clan such as Ame no Futotama than the Kojiki and Nihonshoki.

- 19世紀前半京都で活躍、地歌の「京流手事物」を確立、多くの名曲を残す
Was active in Kyoto in the early 19th century, established 'Kyoryu tegotomono' in Jiuta, and left various masterpieces.

ロンドンの警察はいつも電車や地下鉄の爆弾を探し出すのに躍起となっている。
In London, the police are always worried about finding a bomb on the train or subway.

彼は、自分の肉を放り出すと、大きな肉を目指して、烈火の如く躍り掛かった。
He immediately let go of his own, and fiercely attacked the other Dog to get his larger piece from him.

ピーターは悪いことをしたなんて思う代わりに、喜びのあまり小躍りしました。
Instead of feeling that he was behaving badly he danced with glee;

最近起こったセポイの乱における活躍で、その名はすっかり有名になっていた。
who had greatly distinguished himself in the last Sepoy revolt.

成虫・幼虫両方が分泌する保護する泡の塊の中にすむ小型の跳躍する草食性昆虫
small leaping herbivorous insect that lives in a mass of protective froth which it and its larvae secrete

雪舟の孫娘、雪姫が活躍する「金閣寺」の場が有名）のような作品が上演された。
The scene of Kinkaku-ji Temple, where Sesshu's granddaughter, Yukihime, takes an active role, is famous) and similar works were performed.

45世専永宗匠より国際化の流れを受け、海外での活躍・支部拡大がめざましい。
Since Senei, the 45th sosho (iemoto), Ikenobo has actively worked hard endeavoring to increase overseas branches, influenced by globalization.

またその後は、堂本印象、上村松篁、中村大三郎らが活躍し、現在に至っている。
Then, Insho DOMOTO, Shoko UEMURA, Daizaburo NAKMURA and others played active roles and the Shijo school continued up to the present.

缶コーヒーの需要を飛躍的に伸ばした要因に冷温可能な自動販売機の普及がある。
Factors for the rapidly-increased demand of canned coffee include the spread of vending machines which can perform both heating and cooling.

三世八郎右衛門以降は一噌を姓とし、江戸時代は宝生流の座付きとして活躍した。
The third generation head named Hachirouemon began to use Isso as their family name, and the school flourished as the exclusive performers for the Hosho school during the Edo period.

万里小路宣房、万里小路藤房は、後醍醐天皇の側近として建武の新政で活躍した。
Nobufusa MADENOKOJI and Fujifusa MADENOKOJI played active role in the Kenmu Restoration as trusted vassals of Emperor Godaigo.

躍動運動をする砂は一時的に舞い上がって移動し、沙塵暴のほとんどを構成する。
The jumping sand is flung up for a short period of time and constitutes most of shachenbao sandstorm.

一方、忠真側の智将白石永仙らの活躍により、忠恒側の死傷者も多数にのぼった。
On the other hand, those including the resourceful general Eisen SHIRAISHI on Tadamasa's side fought actively, so on the Tadatsune's side had heavy casulatlies.

根来寺に入信後、後に雑賀衆として活躍したり、その逆も多々あったようである。
It seems that some became believers in Negoro-ji Temple and later acted as Saikashu, and the reverse often happened too.

こうした騒ぎは大阪の無名の女性歌人を一躍文壇に押し上げ若い読者を魅了した。
All this stir helped an unknown poetess from Osaka leap into literary fame, and captivated younger readers.

政財官各界で活躍した中川の葬儀には多くの実力者から弔辞・弔電が寄せられた。
As NAKAGAWA was actively involved in political and economic circles, many prominent figures sent their condolences and telegrams to his funeral.

1912年に貴族院_(日本)に移行しながらも没年まで政治家として活躍した。
Even though he was elected to the House of Peers in 1912, he remained active as a statesman until he died.

次には前田陳爾に望みを託したが、木谷実、呉清源の活躍の前にその夢も消えた。
After Kogishi's death, Shusai concentrated his hopes on Nobuaki MAEDA, but fine performances by Minoru KITANI and Seigen GO stopped him from doing so.

その後も里見義堯との国府台合戦、武田信玄との駿河国深沢城の戦いで活躍した。
After that, he flourished in the Konodai Battle against Yoshitaka SATOMI and the Battle of Fukazawa-jo Castle in Suruga Province against Shingen TAKEDA.

1281年の弘安の役では島津軍を率いて参戦し、大いに活躍して武功を挙げた。
He took part in the Koan War in 1281 commanding Shimazu's army, and performing well on the battlefield he distinguished himself in the war.

安永5年（1776年）の『画図百鬼夜行』三部作より妖怪絵師として活躍した。
His career as a popular specter artist started with the trilogy called 'Gazu Hyakki Yako' (The Illustrated Night Parade of One Hundred Demons) published in 1776.

この為、陰陽寮は賀茂忠行が活躍した時代には人員が少なくなってしまっていた。
As a result, in the period in which KAMO no Tadayuki played an important role, the staffs of Onmyoryo had been reduced in number.

位階勲等子爵、貴族院議員東坊城徳長の三男で、戦前の日活撮影所等で活躍した。
He was the third son of Yoshinaga HIGASHIBOJO, a Viscount (court rank and honors) and a member of the House of Peers, working actively at the Nikkatsu Studio in the prewar period.

その後、次男の小松重春が伯爵位を相続し、経國銀行頭取など経済界で活躍した。
After that, his second son Shigeharu KOMATSU succeeded to the title of count, and took a lively part in the economic world, serving as the President of Keikoku Bank.

また朝廷政治においては武家伝奏役などをつとめ、朝幕関係の取次ぎに活躍した。
In addition, he was in charge of bukedenso-yaku (an officer who communicated with bakufu, or Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in the Imperial court and worked for the communication between the Imperial court and bakufu.

また、1664年（寛文4年）には渉成園内に大谷大学を創設するなど活躍した。
In 1664, he established Otani University within the premises of the Shoseien Garden.

徳川方に着き、京都見廻組に参加しており、近江屋事件で暗躍したとされている。
He was on the Tokugawa side as a member of the Kyoto Mimawarigumi (Tokugawa clan sided faction) and is said to have operated behind the scenes of the Omiya Incident.

文禄4年（1595年）より武家伝奏となり、朝廷と豊臣氏との取り次ぎに活躍。
He was active in communicating between the Imperial Court and the Toyotomi clan, serving as buke tenso (liaison officer between the imperial court and the military government) since 1595.

その後、鍋島直茂の正室となり、龍造寺氏の軍師として活躍する夫を陰で支えた。
Thus, she became the legal wife of Naoshige NABESHIMA and supported her husband, who was active as the strategist of the Ryuzoji clan behind the scenes.

義仲軍上洛後も法住寺合戦で後白河法皇を拘束するなどその片腕として活躍した。
He continued to be active as a right-hand man of Yoshinaka after Yoshinaka went to Kyoto such that he captured the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa in the Battle of Hoju-ji Temple.

乃木神社（のぎじんじゃ）は、明治時代に活躍した軍人、乃木希典を祀った神社。
Nogi-jinja Shrine is the Shinto shrine which deifies Maresuke NOGI who played an active role as a prominent military officer in Meiji period.

その技術は、歴史的に、途切れ途切れに長い間をおきながらも飛躍的に発展した。
Historically, it advanced intermittently and in leaps at long intervals,

その後、内藤ジョアンは小西行長の客将となり、文禄・慶長の役で出兵し活躍した。
Thereafter, Joan NAITO became a guest commander of Yukinaga KONISHI, and went to fight in the Bunroku-Keicho War in which he played an active role.

宋代には、澄遠の系統から現われた雪竇重顕、文殊応真系統の仏日契嵩が活躍した。
In the Sung period, Seccho Juken from the lineage of Choon and Butsunichi Kaisu from the lineage of Monju Oshin (文殊応真) flourished.

このため、東大寺大勧進職に就くなど、臨済宗以外の宗派でも活躍し、信望を得た。
Hence, he was actively involved in sects other than the Rinzai sect and gained trust there, as exemplified in his assumption of the position of Daikanjin (priest to collect contributions) at Todai-ji Temple.

その後火葬技術が進歩したこともあり、近現代の日本では火葬が飛躍的に普及した。
After that, along with the progress of cremation techniques, the practice of cremation became extensively widespread in modern and contemporary Japanese society,

これらの例から、仏教美術の隆盛と共に截金は飛躍的な発展を遂げたことが窺える。
From these examples, it is known that the kirikane technique had developed dramatically corresponding to the prosperity of Buddhist art.

大抵はやられ・いじられ役であるが、ごくまれにルパンをも凌駕する活躍を見せる。
He usually takes on the role of the one being beaten or teased, but on rare occasions, he surpasses even Lupin in action.

元和年間（1615年～1623年）、日野商人の活躍により、日野塗が復興する。
During the Genna era (1615 - 1623) Hino merchants vigorously promoted Hino lacquerware, which was thereby restored.

顕氏の兄弟はそれぞれが武勇に優れ活躍したが、彼等は顕氏に先立ちこの世を去る。
Akiuji's brothers were excellent in military prowess and did splendid service, but they died before Akiuji.

晴元を晴れて管領にするなど活躍し、細川氏家中における随一の勢力にまでなった。
Motonaga made achievements including helping Harumoto become kanrei, and he ended up being the biggest power in Hosokawa clan.

その後蝦夷共和国の成立を目指す榎本武揚らに合流し、二股口の戦い等で活躍する。
Subsequently, they joined Takeaki ENOMOTO and others who were aiming to establish the Republic of Ezo, and actively fought in the Battle of Futamataguchi.

しかし活躍した郷士達はそのほとんどが明治維新を見ることなく非業の死を遂げる。
However, most of the Goshi who were active in the Tobaku movement died violently without seeing the Meiji Restoration.

野村忍介が指揮し、豊後国（大分県）に進出し、西南戦争の中期・後期に活躍した。
Ninkai NOMURA commanded the Kiheitai Army, advancing the troop to Bungo Province (Oita Prefecture), and played an active part in the middle, latter period of the Seinan War.

狩猟・植物採取・漁労の三つの新たな生業体系をもとに生産力を飛躍的に発展させた
The productivity improved dramatically with the establishment of three regular vocations, hunting, gathering, and fish catching.

後白河天皇院政期にも後白河側近の大蔵省・高階泰経、寵妃・高階栄子が活躍する。
During the period when the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa was in power, the close adviser TAKASHINA no Yasutsune of the ministry of the Treasury, a favorite mistress TAKASHINA no Eishi were active.

北畠顕家は平安時代後期から鎌倉時代後期まで活躍した村上源氏を始祖としている。
Akiie KITABATAKE's ancestor was the Murakami-Genji clan, who were active from the late Heian period through the late Kamakura period.

黒田二十四騎に数えられる母里友信らの活躍もあって、黒田軍は大友軍に勝利した。
The Kuroda army was victorious over the Otomo army due in part to contributions by one of the 24 Kuroda Cavalries Tamonobu MORI and the other warriors.

1665年、会津藩主保科正之の賓師に迎えられ、藩政への助言者として活躍する。
He was invited to work as a Hinshi (guest teacher) for the lord of Aizu, Masayuki HOSHINA in 1665; and, took an active role in giving advice on the ruling of the domain.

中老として尊攘倒幕運動で活躍し、渡辺昇ら「大村三七士」の一人として知られる。
He was active in the 'sonno tobaku' (revere the emperor, overthrow the shogunate) movement, and was known as one of Noboru WATANABE's '37 Omura samurai.'

しかしながら『続日本紀』の死亡記事から色夫知も何かの活躍をしたことが知れる。
However, it is proven that Shikobuchi also performed some great deed according to the obituary notice in 'Shoku Nihongi' (the second of the six classical Japanese history texts).

京都府知事を退任後も政治の中枢で活躍し、貴族院議員などとして権勢を振るった。
He was active as a leading political figure even after the resignation and exercised his power, for example, as a member of the House of Peers.

一忠（いっちゅう、生没年不詳）は、南北朝時代 (日本)に活躍した田楽能役者。
Icchu (year of birth and death unknown) was a Dengaku (refer to the descriptions below) and Noh player who was active in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (in Japan).

講談などで語られる「幸村」の活躍に関しては後述する真田幸村の節を参照のこと。
For the successes of 'Yukimura' told in kodan storytelling, etcetera, refer to the section on Yukimura SANADA described below.

- 19世紀前半京都で活躍、地歌の「京流手事物」を発展させ多数の名曲を作った
Active in Kyoto in the early 19th century, and developed 'Kyoryu tegotomono' in Jiuta, and composed various masterpieces.

後世において御家人あるいは「村落領主」「国人領主」へと飛躍することとなった。
Later on, it developed into gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate), or 'Sonraku ryoshu' (rural lord) and 'Kokujin ryoshu' (local samurai lord).

ますます多くの人が、その媒体の双方向的な性質を利用しようと躍起になっている。
More and more people are rushing to make use of the interactive nature of the medium.

跳躍するための長い後肢のある種々の尾のないぽっちゃりした体を持つ両生類の総称
any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping

これは成功を保証しないかもしれないが、それは去年の夏から大躍進を表すであろう
this may not insure success but it will represent a quantum leap from last summer

平安時代後期には能算・明算 (宿曜師)父子が活躍して白河天皇や摂関家に仕えた。
In the latter part of the Heian period, Nosan and his son Myosan (明算) flourished and served the Emperor Shirakawa and Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents).

「乱序」という緊迫感溢れる特殊な囃子を打ち破るように獅子（後シテ）が躍り出る。
A lion (lead role of the second half of the play) leaps out dancing, as if to smash through the 'ranjo,' dynamic hayashi music specifically arranged for lion dances.

思想的にも自由と開放・躍動の気分が横溢し、都市を中心とする大衆文化が花開いた。
In terms of thoughts also, freedom, liberation and saltation spread and popular culture blossomed mainly in the city areas.

1968年まで採用され、戦後の昭和天皇の全国行幸では日本国中を走り、活躍した。
It has been used until 1968, it ran all over Japan when Emperor Showa traveled throughout the country after the war.

彼は豊臣秀吉に仕え、朝鮮出兵にも参戦、小西行長とともに講和交渉に活躍している。
He served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, was a member of the expeditionary force to Korea, and was involved in peace negotiations with Yukinaga KONISHI.

南北朝時代_(日本)には南朝_(日本)の廷臣として活躍した四条隆資が出ている。
In the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, the family produced Takasue SHIJO, who was active as a courtier of the Southern Court.

中臣鎌足は645年の大化の改新で活躍し、669年の死に臨んで、藤原姓を賜った。
NAKATOMI no Kamatari played an important role in the Taika Reforms in 645 and was given Fujiwara cognomen upon his death in 669.

国際連合教育科学文化機関や平和運動など幅広い活躍を行い、法政大学総長も務めた。
He was engaged in wide-ranging activities, such as those of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and peace movement, and also served as the president of Hosei University.

桶狭間の戦いで今川軍の先鋒として活躍したのも、この竹千代（当時は元康）である。
Takechiyo (then known as Motoyasu) played an important role in the Battle of Okehazama as the spearhead of the IMAGAWA army.

細かい内容は諸本によって差異があるが、何れも源為朝の活躍がメインとなっている。
The details differ among the versions of the tale, but each of them features a splendid work of MINAMOTO no Tametomo.

一条天皇朝前後の宮廷で活躍した才女歌人が上位を占め、女流の比重も三割と大きい。
Talented female poets who were actively involved in the Imperial Court before and after the reign of Emperor Ichijo ranked high, and up to 30 percent of the poets in the collection were female.

この自己抑圧が、以降物語のなかで御息所を生霊、死霊として活躍させることになる。
Such self-restraint made her into a living wraith and shiryo (spirit of a dead person) later in the story.

治承・寿永の乱における華々しい活躍と悲劇的な最期で、古来より民衆に人気が高い。
He was very popular among the people because of brilliant success in the Jisho and Juei Wars, and because of his tragic death.

開拓使で黒田が育てた屯田兵は、入れ替わりに戦線に到着し、以後の戦闘で活躍した。
The former legionaries who were trained by Kuroda arrived at the front in turn, and fought actively in the subsequent battles.

その主家再興に活躍した名臣浦上則宗の元で赤松氏と浦上氏は勢力を大きく伸ばした。
The Akamatsu clan and URAGANI clan greatly extended their power under the supervision of the eminent politician, Norimune URAGAMI who contributed to the restoration of the head family.

国周の門人は多く存在したらしいが、活躍したのは周重と楊洲周延の二人のみである。
Although Kunichika seemed to have many disciples, only Chikashige MORIKAWA and Chikanobu YOSHU flourished as well-known artists.

翌年の1794年に澤村宗十郎 (3代目)の推薦で江戸に下り狂言作者として活躍。
In 1794, the next year, he went to Edo (then capital of Japan) by recommendation of Sojuro SAWAMURA (the third) and became an eminent playwright of Kabuki play.

これらの活躍が認められ、賞典禄450石（鳥取藩士としては最高額）を与えられた。
His achievements were recognized so that he was given Shotenroku (premium) 450 koku (the highest amount in feudal retainers of Tottori Domain).

鎌倉幕府初期の政治顧問の一人として活躍し、鎌倉で穏やかな晩年を過ごしたという。
He was active as a political adviser during the early Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and it is said that he spent his final years peacefully in Kamakura.

初めは九州探題渋川満頼、その後大友氏の配下で明や李氏朝鮮との貿易で活躍した。、
He was active in trade with the Ming Dynasty in China and the Yi Dynasty in Korea, firstly under the Kyushu Tandai (local commissioner) Mitsuyori SHIBUKAWA, and then under the Otomo clan.

後世、安土桃山時代に上杉家の謀臣として活躍した直江兼続は、兼光の子孫とされる。
Kanetsugu NAOE, who was active as a tactful vassal of the Uesugi family in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, is said to be a descendant of Kanemitsu.

同年、NHK『大阪親不孝どおり』に主演のほか、TVドラマで活躍するようになる。
In the same year, she played the lead character in the NHK drama 'Osaka Oyafuko Dori' (Osaka Street of Undutiful Children) and gained popularity in TV dramas.

また、鈴木氏は重朝・重秀ら優秀な人物が石山戦争で活躍して織田軍を苦しめていた。
Furthermore, gifted members of the Suzuki clan such as Shigetomo and Shigehide performed well in the Ishiyama War and were giving hard times to the Oda army.

作者は不明ながら、人物の表情や躍動感を軽妙な筆致で描いた絵巻の一大傑作である。
While the author is unknown, it is a masterpiece of illustrated scroll that depicts expressions of people and uplifting feelings with light and easy brush strokes.

空海がそれによって飛躍的に記憶力を増大させたと言われる虚空蔵求聞持法に由来する。
This custom is said to be derived from Kokuzo gumonjiho (Ritual of Praying to Akasagarbha to Increase Memory) with which Kukai greatly increased his memory.

京狩野（きょうがのう）は、安土桃山時代末から明治期まで京都で活躍した画家の流派。
Kyo Kano (Kyoto branch of the Kano School, also called 'Kyo-gano') was a school of painters who created many prominent works from the end of Azuchi Momoyama period through the Meiji period.

この時期特に活躍した人物としては禅竹の孫にあたる金春禅鳳（五十九世宗家）がいる。
Zenpo KONPARU (the fifty-ninth head), the grandson of Zenchiku, played an especially important role during this period.

また「国家に勲功ある者」として、明治維新前後に活躍した者の家が子爵に叙せられた。
In addition, as 'persons who made distinguished contributions to the nation,' the families of persons who contributed to the nation before or/and after the Meiji Restoration were ranked as Shishaku.

また「国家に勲功ある者」として、明治維新前後に活躍した者の家が男爵に叙せられた。
In addition, as 'persons who made distinguished contributions to the nation,' the families of persons who contributed to the nation before or/and after the Meiji Restoration were ranked as Danshaku.

渡来人の秦氏もこの地方を拠点として活躍したと思われ、氏寺として広隆寺を建立した。
The Hata clan, immigrants, are believed to have played an active role in this region and founded Koryu-ji Temple as their Ujidera, or family temple.

文化 (元号)文政の頃、京都で活躍した盲人音楽家松浦検校作曲の手事物地歌、箏曲。
This is a Jiuta piece in the Tegotomono style, composed for koto by a blind musician Matsuua Kengyo around the Bunka-Bunsei eras.

古い時代から海上交通の比重が高く、沿岸部では海の船上生活に慣れた海民が活躍した。
Because of this, in Korea marine traffic played an important role in the transportation from ancient times, and in the coastal areas kaimin (people of the sea) who were used to life at sea flourished.

その後も2人は国内で「帯勲車夫」と呼ばれ一躍英雄として脚光を浴びることとなった。
Then, they were called 'a rickshaw man with the order', and celebrated as national heroes.

この乱では、大分恵尺（えさか）・大分稚臣（わかみ）等の九州の豪族が活躍している。
The local ruling families such as OKIDA no Esaka or OKIDA no Wakami were active in this rebellion.

花山天皇歌壇で活躍し、勅撰和歌集『拾遺和歌集』の撰定に関与したと考えられている。
It is thought that he was active in the poetry circle in the era of the Emperor Kazan and took part in compiling 'Shui Wakashu' (Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poems) of chokusen wakashu (anthologies of Japanese poetry compiled by Imperial command).

石山合戦、紀伊国雑賀攻めのほか、山陰方面軍総大将の明智光秀の与力として活躍した。
In the Ishiyama Hongan-ji War and the Attack on the Saika-shu Group of Kii Province, among other campaigns, he did exemplary service as an aide to Mitsuhide AKECHI, the commander-in-chief of the army responsible for the Sanin Area.

駿東郡長をつとめたり、第1回衆議院議員総選挙で当選、立憲政友会の結成に活躍した。
He served as the head of Sunto County, and was elected to the Diet in the first general election of members of the House of Representatives, where he was active in the Rikken seiyukai (a political party organized by Hirobumi ITO).

金春流ではとだえていた「関寺小町」を復曲上演するなど、プロをもしのぐ活躍をした。
He was active in Noh performance and outpaced professional Noh performers by such as re-compositing and performing 'Sekidera Komachi' that had not been performed in Konparu-ryu for a long time.

原田氏は承平天慶の乱（藤原純友の乱）鎮圧に活躍した大蔵春実の子孫、大蔵氏の嫡流。
The Harada clan originated from the Okura clan, a direct descendant of OKURA no Haruzane, who performed distinguish services to suppress the Rebellion of Johei Tengyo (FUJIWARA no Sumitomo's rebellion).

父・武光と共に九州における北朝 (日本)勢力と戦い、様々な活躍をして功を挙げた。
He fought against the Northern Court force in Kyushu together with his father Takemitsu and achieved various feats.

晩年は長州の「勤王の志士」たちと交流し、第一次長州征伐の調停役としても活躍した。
He enjoyed the friendship of 'loyalists of the Meiji Restoration period' of Choshu domain in his later years, and also worked hard as a mediator of the First conquest of Choshu.

672年の壬申の乱では大友皇子（弘文天皇）の将として活躍したが、敗れて殺された。
In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, he fought for Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) as a competent commander but was defeated and killed.

翌年の八月十八日の政変では、高崎正風らと暗躍し、京から長州藩追放に成功している。
In the Coup of August 18 in the following year, he worked behind the scenes with Masakaze TAKASAKI and succeeded in driving Choshu Domain out of Kyoto.

天正18年（1590年）、小田原の役、奥州仕置に従軍し、外交折衝などで活躍した。
In 1590, Nagatoshi joined the army in the Siege of Odawara and Oshu-shioki (repression of the Oshu District), in which he played a great role in negotiation and other activities.

子孫は柏原氏、檜坂氏、匂当氏などを称すが、三人の兄の家系ほどの活躍は見られない。
His descendants called themselves Kashiwabara, Hinokizaka, Koto and so on, no record of significant activity is seen that compares to the line of his three elder brothers.

武家伝奏役などをつとめて主に霊元天皇・東山天皇の御世の朝廷政治において活躍した。
He actively engaged in politics in the Imperial Court mainly in the era of the Emperor Reigen and the Emperor Higashiyama, for example, by acting as a bukedensoyaku (a position to transmit request from buke to the emperor or the retired emperor).

小津安二郎監督作品などで名脇役として活躍し、生涯で100本を越す映画に出演した。
She was successful as a well-known supporting actress in films directed by Yasujiro OZU and was cast in over 100 films throughout her life.

戦国大名の家臣である者が足軽大将に任じられ、足軽隊を率いて活躍するようになった。
Retainers of daimyo who were appointed to the position of Ashigaru taisho made great achievements leading Ashigaru troops.

でもテープは革命的な跳躍の、足取りはおぼつかないながらも確実な一歩を示していた。
Nevertheless, the tape represented the first faltering steps of a revolution leap:

毛裏の頬袋、後肢、および跳躍に適した尾を持つ小型の新世界のネズミのような齧歯動物
small New World burrowing mouselike rodents with fur-lined cheek pouches and hind limbs and tail adapted to leaping

城塞の技術は、15世紀 - 16世紀の火薬、大砲、銃の活躍によって大きく変化した。
Fortress construction technology changed greatly with the advance of explosives, cannons and guns in the fifteenth to sixteenth centuries.

実業家出身で、浄土真宗木辺派の僧侶、刑務所の教誨師、篤志面接委員としても活躍した。
A former businessman, Yoshimoto was also active as a priest of Jodo Shinshu Kibe school, Kyokaishi (teacher to reform a criminal) at a prison, and an interview committeeman of charity.

昭和53年 (1978) 2月、数え90歳で『かっぽれ』を躍ったのを名残に没した。
In February 1978, he passed away after dancing 'Kappore' in his 90th year.

幕末から、明治維新にかけて活躍し、条約勅許に反対、和宮親子内親王の降嫁を推進した。
Tadayasu played an active role during the period from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji Restoration and he was opposed to joyaku chokkyo (literally, the imperial approval of the treaty) and promoted koka (the marriage of an Imperial Princess to a subject) of Imperial Princess Kazunomiya Chikako.

伊集院忠棟は、島津義久の筆頭家老であり、島津氏の九州制覇のため活躍した功臣である。
Tadamune IJUIN was Yoshihisa SHIMAZU's chief vassal and an important follower who worked for the Shimazu clan in the conquest of Kyushu.

このようなことが最上徳内や間宮林蔵などの農村出身者の活躍に一枚買っているといえる。
These contributed to the achievements of Tokunai MOGAMI and Rinzo MAMIYA, who were from rural communities.

戦争で大きな打撃を受けた建築界は、戦後復興、高度経済成長の中で活躍の場を見出した。
Having taken a severe blow during the Second World War, the Japanese architectural movement found opportunities for development during the postwar restoration and periods of high economic growth.

佐竹氏の内乱以降、小野崎氏は佐竹氏一門衆にも列し、小貫氏も宿老として活躍している。
After the domestic conflict of Satake clan, Onosaki clan took its place among the Satake family, and Onuki clan also played an active part as chief vassals.

白河天皇の側近として仕え、その歌壇で活躍し、「承暦内裏歌合」などにも参加している。
He served for the Emperor Shirakawa as a close adviser, took an active role in the waka poem circle of the Emperor, and participated in 'Shoreki Dairi Uta-awase' (waka poem contest held at court in Shoreki era).

天海は江戸時代初期に徳川家康の幕僚として活躍した僧で、その経歴には不明な点が多い。
Tenkai was a priest who worked brilliantly on the military staff of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA early in the Edo Period, but his career is full of unknowns.

文久3年（1863年）に、上海市に渡航した高杉晋作に代わって奇兵隊軍監として活躍。
In 1863, he played an important role as the assistant deputy general of Kihei-tai on behalf of Shinsaku TAKASUGI, who had gone to Shanghai City.

九州征伐・小田原の役・文禄・慶長の役の際には、兵糧奉行として兵糧の輸送に活躍した。
During the Kyushu Conquest, the Odawara Campaign and Bunroku-Keicho invasions of Korea, he was the Hyoro bugyo in charge of sending food provisions for soldiers.

しかし宮古湾海戦に参戦していたことを告げると、一躍英雄として扱われることとなった。
However, when he informed them he participated in the Naval Battle of Miyako Bay he was immediately treated as a hero.

あずみでは服部半蔵家の改易後、徳川家直属の忍者で伊賀忍軍の統領として暗躍している。
In this story, after the Hanzo-Hattori clan had been be punished by being deprived of one's fief, Hanzo worked as a ninja and a leader of a Iga shogunate spy group under the Tokugawa clan and was actively involved in various incidents behind the scenes.

尊皇攘夷派の公卿として活躍し、1862年（文久2年）国事御用掛、翌年議奏となった。
He took an active part as a court noble of the Sonno-joi-ha (a group of activists who admired the Emperor and hated foreigners, advocating the need for expelling them from Japan), became Kokuji goyogakari (a general official of the Imperial Household in charge of the State affair) in 1862, and Giso (a Noble Council) in the next year.

当初は大久保利通と並ぶ久光側近として、京都・江戸などで他藩との交渉などに活躍した。
At first, he played an important role in the negotiations with other clans held in Kyoto, Edo (present Tokyo) and other places as a Hisamitsu's close adviser comparable to Toshimichi OKUBO.

この後、吹負は大和方面の将軍として華々しい活躍をしたが、馬来田の軍功は伝わらない。
Later, Fukei was very successful as a general in the Yamato area, but Makuta's military exploits were not recorded.

大蔵卿局の活躍であまり目立たないが、大坂城において大いに活躍した女性の一人である。
Although she was not more prominent than Okurakyo-no-tsubone, Aeba no Tsubone was one of women who played an active part in the Osaka-jo Castle.

キリスト教の初期伝道期に活躍した宣教師の1人で、本郷中央会堂開設など、事績も多い。
He was one of the missionaries who were active during the first Christian Missionary period, and had many achievements including the establishment of Hongo chuo kaido (Hongo Central Church).

平重衡の南都焼き討ち（治承4年・1180年）後の復興造仏の中心人物として活躍した。
He played a central role in reconstructing Buddhist statues after Nanto Yakiuchi (the Incident of Heishi's army setting fire to the temples in Nanto) set by TAIRA no Shigehira in 1180.

上流貴族の家に生まれたが、弓や馬、鷹、犬といった武芸を好み、武人としても活躍した。
He was born into a family of upper nobles, however he had interests in military arts such as archery, horse riding, eagles, and dogs, and had an active role as a Samurai.

大化の改新以降に中大兄皇子（天智天皇）の腹心として活躍し、藤原氏繁栄の礎を築いた。
He worked as a devoted assistant of Naka-no-Oe-no-Oji, later Emperor Tenchi, since the Taika Reforms and laid the foundation for the prosperity of the Fujiwara clan.

当初駅舎にはかつて寝台列車等として活躍した国鉄583系電車の廃車体が使われていた。
Initially, the retired cars of JNR/JR Limited Express (Electric Cars) Series 583, which were used mainly as sleeper trains, were employed for the station house.

また、この時代に活躍した天守造営の名手として中井正清・岡野又右衛門などが挙げられる。
Experts who participated actively in Tenshu construction in that period included Masakiyo NAKAI and Mataemon OKANO.

文化文政の頃、京都で活躍した盲人音楽家、松浦検校が作曲した手事（てごと）もの地歌曲。
The tegoto mono (central music for shamisen, koto and shakuhachi) of jiuta composed by Kengyo MATSURA, who was a blind musician who performed in Kyoto, during the Bunka and Bunsei era.

明治の初等教育でも和算家は活躍しつづけ、現在の算数の鶴亀算などはその名残りだという。
Wasan mathematicians continued to play important roles in elementary education during the Meiji period, and what is taught as tsurukamezan (solving a system of linear equations) for arithmetic classes today is said to be a vestige of wasan from earlier times.

また19世紀初頭に京都で活躍した名手腕崎検校の流れである腕崎流が存在したとも言われ、
It is also said that there existed the Wakizaki school following Kengyo WAKIZAKI, who was an expert Kokyu player active in Kyoto in the early nineteenth century.

以後小芝居で花形役者として活躍するが、その才能を尾上菊五郎 (6代目)に見出された。
He had been a top-billed actor in Koshibai until Kikugoro ONOE (the sixth) spotted his talent.

天来は30歳のとき、文部省教員検定試験（習字科）に合格し書家としての活躍が始まった。
At the age of thirty, Tenrai passed the teacher qualification test at the Ministry of Education (the category of shuji (calligraphy), starting his activities as a calligrapher.

宗家絶家後に活躍した役者としては、森本登喜、森田光風、杉市太郎、寺井政数などがいる。
Some performers such as Toki (登喜) MORIMOTO, Mitsukaze MORITA, Ichitaro SUGI, and Masakazu TERAI gave great performances after the head family became extinct.

能楽協会には10名弱が登録される程度であるが、京都・名古屋を中心として活躍している。
Less than ten players are registered with the Nohgaku Performers' Association, and they are performing mainly in Kyoto and Nagoya.

大和猿楽（やまとさるがく）とは、大和国（現在の奈良県）を中心として活躍した猿楽の座。
The Yamato Sarugaku is one of the groups performing Sarugaku (a traditional form of a Japanese theatre) mostly in Yamato Province (today's Nara Prefecture).

年代が短いこともあり、大正時代に限ってのみ活躍した人物というものをあげるのは難しい。
It is hard to name people who were only active during the Taisho period due to its short time frame.

帥升の後、3世紀前半に活躍した卑弥呼も魏 (三国)の国から親魏倭王の称号を授かった。
After the days of Sisho, Himiko in the early third century was also given the title of Shingi Wao (the king of Wa) by the Wei Dynasty (Three States Period).

このように他の大手で戦後に大卒でない採用社員を監督として活躍させた例はほとんど無い。
Unlike at Toei, employees of other major film companies could rarely work as a director without a university qualification.

いずれにせよ、こうした民衆の姿勢がその後の軍部躍進の一助となった可能性はあるだろう。
Anyway, it was likely true that such people's thought later helped the Japanese army's surge.

特に官軍として活躍したわけではない紀州藩が和歌山県の名を残したのとは対照的であった。
Contrastively the name of Wakayama remained in the Kishu Domain which did not make a strong showing as Imperial army.

舒明天皇9年（637年）蝦夷反乱し入朝せず、上毛野形名が妻の活躍により征討に成功。
In 637, the Emishi/Ezo (northerners/northeasterners) refused to pay a visit to the Imperial palace and raised a rebellion, which was successfully suppressed thanks to the quick-witted wife of KAMITSUKENU no Katana.

後二条師通記（ごにじょうもろみちき）は、平安時代後期に活躍した藤原師通の記した日記。
Go-Nijo Moromichi-ki (The Diary of Fujiwara Moromichi) is a diary written by FUJIWARA no Moromichi, who was active during the late Heian period.

匡衡は一条天皇期に文人として活躍し、藤原道長・藤原行成・藤原公任などと交流があった。
He was active as a man of literature in the Emperor Ichijo's era and interacted with FUJIWARA no Michinaga, FUJIWARA no Yukinari, FUJIWARA no Kinto, and others.

しかし、源競は獅子奮迅の活躍のうえ壮絶に斬り死に、平家方の武者たちにまで賞賛される。
But MINAMOTO no Kiso died in a sword fight after putting on a display of frenzied activity and got praised even by warriors on the Taira family side.

また、鎌倉時代に活躍した武蔵七党の内、丹党は出自が多治比氏ではないかとする説がある。
One of theories is that Tanto which was one of Musashi-shichito Parties active in the Kamakura period came from the Tajihi clan.

外山算節（とやまさんせつ、生没年不詳）は、文政年間頃に活躍した囲碁棋士 (囲碁)。
Sansetsu TOYAMA (dates of birth and death unknown) was an igo player (Igo) who was active around the Bunsei era.

安政5年（1858年）の廷臣八十八卿列参事件に参加、以後、尊皇攘夷派として活躍する。
After participated in Teishin Hachiju-hachi-kyo Ressan Jiken (the demo of eighty-eight retainers of imperial court) of 1858, he played an important role to support the group of Sonno Joi (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners).

小野道風、藤原行成とともに三蹟の一人で、流麗で躍動感のある筆跡は「佐跡」と呼ばれる。
He was considered to be one of the three best calligraphers among ONO no Michikaze and FUJIWARA no Yukinari, and his flowing and dynamic calligraphy style was called 'Saseki' style.

古式典礼に詳しく、公家界の長老として、また武家との窓口として晩年に至るまで活躍した。
He was well versed in traditional court rituals and remained active as the leader of court nobles and as a contact with samurai rulers until his death.

池田屋で一躍勇名を馳せた近藤には、一時、我儘な振る舞いが目立つようになったとされた。
It is said that Isami KONDO, who had suddenly become famous for his bravery during the Ikedaya Incident, acted selfishly for a while.

しかし、産業としての映画の衰退は社会派映画や前衛芸術映画の躍進のチャンスでもあった。
However, recession in the movies as an industry was also an opportunity for social films and avant-garde films to make great strides.

俳人としても知られており、「久保田万太郎」同人として「五所亭」という俳号で活躍した。
Gosho is also known as a haiku poet who writes under the pseudonym 'Goshotei' as a colleague of 'Mantaro KUBOTA.'

明治時代には華族（侯爵）となり、帝国議会が開かれると貴族院議員に選任されて活躍した。
During the Meiji Period, he became a member of the peerage (marquis), and when the Imperial Diet was celebrated, he was appointed to a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and had an active role.

主として後鳥羽院歌壇で活躍し、1201年（建仁元年）和歌所寄人となり、同別当となる。
He mainly flourished in Gotobain poetry circle and became a Wakadokoro yoryudo (a key member of waka house) and betto (a chief administrator of Gotobain) in 1201.

「滋丘川人」とも呼ばれる、平安時代前-中期、文徳天皇・清和天皇の頃に活躍した陰陽師。
SHIGEOKA was an onmyoji who played an active role during the years of Emperor Montoku and Emperor Seiwa in the Early to Mid Heian Period and was also known as 'SHIGEOKA no Kawahito (滋丘川人)' with a different kanji for 'kawa.'

企業経営で活躍するために必要となるのが多くの仲間と仕事を遂行するための協調精神です。
What you need to take part in business management is the team spirit to work with many colleagues.

医者はデッキへ通じるドアを鍵をかけないでおいたので、私たちはそこを通って躍り出した。
He had unlocked the door that led to the deck, and we were through it in a rush.

諸国をめぐり、1627年（寛永4年）におきた紫衣事件では師の伯蒲にしたがって活躍した。
He traveled across the country, and in 1627 when the Shie Incident took place (a conflict between the imperial court and Tokugawa shogunate, where the shogunate blamed the imperial court for having given purple canonical robes (shie) to priests without its permission), he played an important role in it under the guidance of his master Hakuho.

六代目中村歌右衛門、二代目尾上松緑、三代目市川左團次ら幹部俳優の活躍で踏みとどまった。
Thanks to efforts of leading actors such as Utaemon NAKAMURA VI, Shoroku ONOE II and Sadanji ICHIKAWA III, however, kabuki in Tokyo was able to hold its ground.

古くから禁裏能の立方として活躍し、「観世流の京都所司代（京都探題）」などと俗称される。
Performed as a tachi-kata (as opposed to the musicians in noh plays) of 'Kinri' (the Imperial Palace) Noh through the ages, it is commonly called 'Kyoto shoshidai [The Kyoto deputy or The Kyoto Commissioner] of Kanze school.'

同社で24作の脚本を量産、寿々喜多のニヒリスティックな脚本は、阪東を一躍スターにした。
In the company, Susukita rolled out twenty-four scripts and the nihilistic world in his scripts contributed to Bando's breakthrough to become a star.

また同社で活躍した、岩岡商会を率いる撮影技師の岩岡巽が「甲陽撮影所」の所長に就任した。
Also, Tatsumi IWAOKA, a camera operator who led Iwaoka Shokai, became the head of 'Koyo Studio.'

尾形光琳らによる琳派、土佐派などが活躍、野々村仁清、本阿弥光悦等による陶芸が発展した。
In fine art, Rinpa school by Korin OGATA and others, and Tosa school played active roles, and Ninsei NONOMURA, Koetsu HONAMI and others developed ceramic art.

横井氏の子孫からは、幕末の熊本藩士で越前藩越前松平家に派遣され活躍した横井小楠が出る。
The descendants of the Yokoi clan include Shonan YOKOI, a statesman of Kumamoto in the late Edo period who was invited by the Matsudaira family of the Echizen (present-day Fukui Prefecture) domain where he became influential in politics.

島国日本では隣国の朝鮮と同様に、古代から沿海部に居住する海民が水上兵力として活躍した。
In Japan, which is an island nation, from ancient times kaimin who lived in the coastal area flourished as armed forces on the water as well as in Korea.

また江戸においては、四世浜村蔵六や細川林谷の流れを受けた羽倉可亭・山本竹雲が活躍した。
Also in Edo, Katei HAKURA and Chikuun YAMATOMO, who inherited the style of Zoroku HAMAMURA IV and Rinkoku HOSOKAWA, each played an active role.

とくに、帰国した吉備真備や玄ボウは、のちに聖武天皇に重用され、政治の世界でも活躍した。
In particular, when KIBI no Makibi and Genbo returned from Tang they were given important posts by the Emperor Shomu and were also active in the political world in Japan.

数学知識が必要となるため､頭か助は必ず算博士が兼ねるなど大学寮の算道出身者が活躍した。
Since knowledge of mathematics was required, persons from Sando (study of mathematics) of Daigakuryo (Bureau of Education under the Ritsuryo system) played active roles like Sanhakase (Doctor of Numbers) concurrently took a position as Kami (Director) or Suke (Deputy Director).

いずれも京都守護として活躍し、3名は一条家の郎党であるとともに、在京御家人でもあった。
Each of them played a distinguished role as Shugo (a constable) in Kyoto, and the three persons were not only retainers of the Ichijo family but gokenin (immediate retainers of the shogun) in Kyoto.

はじめ堀河天皇近習の楽人として活動したが、その後、堀河院歌壇の中心人物として活躍した。
He was a musician who attended the Emperor Horikawa first, and later played a leading role in Horikawain's poetry circle.

以後の小早川氏は毛利一門に組み込まれ、毛利氏直轄の精強な水軍として活躍することになる。
Since then, the Kobayakawa clan was integrated into the Mori clan, and rendered distinguished service as an elite Suigun (warriors battle in the sea) under the direct control of the Mori clan.

殿軍の組長として十番隊を指揮し主だった新選組の戦闘には原田の名が必ずあり活躍している。
Commanding the Tenth Unit as the leader of the rear guard, Harada participated in all major fights of Shinsengumi.

小田原攻めでも秀次軍として活躍した吉政は三河国岡崎城5万7400石の所領が与えられた。
Yoshimasa was given 57,400 koku of Okazaki-jo Castle, Mikawa Province as a reward for his achievement in Hidetsugu's force during the Attack of Odawara.

一、信長の代になり30年間奉公し信盛の活躍は比類なしと言われるような働きは一度もない。
13. While you have served me for 30 years since the generation of Nobunaga started, you have never performed services by which your achievements would be called incomparable.

その後大和に三好長慶の重臣松永久秀が進出すると松永久秀に寝返り、大和攻略戦で活躍する。
After that, when Hisahide MATSUNAGA, a chief retainer of Nagayoshi MIYOSHI, advanced on Yamato Province, Ieyoshi turned to Hisahide MATSUNAGA and played an active role to capture Yamato.

明治維新後の長岡藩政において、財政・経理担当者として一定の活躍をしたものと考えられる。
In the administration of the Nagaoka Domain after the Meiji Restoration, he achieved a degree of success as a person in charge of finance and accounting.

重太郎が大躍進したのは西南戦争のときで、このとき軍用ウールの買占めを行い、巨利を得た。
It was when Seinan War happened that Jutaro made a big breakthrough and then he gained enormous profit by buying up wool.

のち回虫駆除の新薬マクニンを製造、株式会社藤沢商店（藤沢薬品工業）社長として活躍した。
As the president of Fujisawa Shoten (Fujisawa Pharmaceutical), Fujisawa did great jobs including the production of the new medicine Macnin, a lumbricide.

その後、佐賀藩に帰国し、江藤新平の知遇を得て少参事に任ぜられ、藩の重職として活躍する。
Later, he returned to the Saga Domain, got taken under a person's wing from Shinpei ETO and appointed as shosanji of the domain, and was active as a high-ranking official.

一子平行盛は後に治承・寿永の乱における源氏との戦闘で活躍、一女は藤原季能の室になった。
His only son TAIRA no Yukimori made a good showing in battles against the Minamoto clan in the Jisho and Joei Rebellion, and his only daughter married into FUJIWARA no Sueyoshi.

足利義教の絶大な支援の下、世阿弥父子を圧倒し、70年近い生涯を第一人者として活躍した。
Under very strong support from Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, he became more powerful than Zeami and his child and became active as a head actor throughout almost the entire seventy years of his life.

現在第一線で活躍している野村萬斎、野村万蔵らは三宅家の弟子家である野村家の出身である。
Mansai NOMURA and Manzo NOMURA, who have been active in the front lines, are from the Nomura family, a disciple family of the Miyake family's.

朝鮮半島においては英雄扱いされているが、その活躍の実体は疑問点も多い（以下にて詳述）。
Although he is seen as a hero in the Korean Peninsula, there are many question marks regarding the reality of his achievements.

貴族社会の政争が武力解決されたことは、乱で活躍した平清盛一族の急速な台頭をもたらした。
The political power struggle in Kizoku society was solved with arms, and this fact enabled the TAIRA no Kiyomori, clan, who achieved prominent accomplishments during the war, to rapidly gain power.

子供の救出に躍起になっている人たちから見れば私の姿は奇怪な死に神に映ったことでしょう。
and must have presented to the eyes of the agitated group a spectral and ominous appearance,

紀元400年に活躍したアウグスティヌスは、地球が球形であることを否定しませんでしたが、
Augustine, who flourished a.d. 400, would not deny the rotundity of the earth;

1016年（長和5年）藤原道長の法華三十講の講師となって以来、朝廷の貴族の間で活躍した。
Since he had served as the lecturer at the Thirty Lectures of the Lotus Sutra held by FUJIWARA no Michinaga in 1016, he was active among the Imperial Court aristocrats.

その他、虎丘紹隆の虎丘派、虚堂智愚を出した松源派、無準師範を出した破庵派なども活躍した。
Besides the Kokyu school of Kukyu Joryu, the Shogen school of Kido Chigu and the Haan school (破庵派) of Bushun Shiban also flourished.

しかし廃刀令以後は新たな刀の需要は殆んどなくなり、当時活躍した多くの刀鍛冶は職を失った。
However, after the decree banning the wearing of swords, there were little demand for new swords, and most swordsmiths who were popular lost their job.

また、歌舞伎だけにとどまらず、『わてらの年輪』で花柳章太郎と共演するなど幅広く活躍した。
Not staying within the world of kabuki, he was active in a wide range including 'Watera no nenrin' (literally, our growth rings) in which he performed with Shotaro HANAYAGI.

また幕末から明治にかけて活躍した金剛唯一は『土蜘蛛』の千筋の糸を考案したことで知られる。
Tadaichi KONGO was a great performer of the school who had been active from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period, and he was well known for his special device of spider threads made of Japanese paper for the play 'Tsuchigumo' (The Ground Spider).

この氏安が円満井座の中興の祖となり、以下禅竹に至るまで代々猿楽の徒として活躍したという。
It is said that this Ujiyasu became the restorer of the Enmani troupe, and that his successors, from generation to generation up to Zenchiku, played a major role as sarugaku performers.

初世以後、福王家は観世座のワキとして活躍していたが、四世盛厚の代に後嗣を欠いて中絶した。
Since the first, the Fukuo family had been active as waki in Kanze-za, but lost a successor in the period of Moriatsu the fourth.

正邦は幕末期の動乱の中で老中を二度務め、板倉勝静や小笠原長行らと共に活躍した人物である。
Becoming Roju (Senior Councillor of the Tokugawa shogunate) twice amid the upheavals of the end of the Edo period, Masakuni served in an effective manner with Katsukiyo ITAKURA and Nagamichi OGASAWARA.

誠光の兄の柳原資廉は霊元天皇の従兄弟にあたり、武家伝奏をつとめて幕府との交渉に活躍した。
Sukekado YANAGIWARA, an elder brother of Tomomitsu and a cousin of the Emperor Reigen, served as an official intermediary between the court and the bakufu called Buke Denso and played an active role in negotiations.

その後は明智光秀の与力大名として久秀討伐（信貴山城の戦い）、一向一揆討伐などで活躍した。
After that, Junkei helped Mitsuhide AKECHI as Yoriki Daimyo (territorial lord who supports other lords) to make military achievements including the expedition of Hisahide (the Battle of Shigisan-jo Castle) and the expedition of Ikko sect's revolts.

その次男も同じく俳優の道を歩み、芸名「北大路欣也」（本名は浅井将勝）として活躍している。
His second son also went on the path of an actor and is active under the acting name of 'Kinya KITAOJI' (his real name was Masakatsu ASAI).

そのため、女房として活躍した人物であっても、女房名以外の実名がわかっている例はすくない。
Therefore, their real names were hardly known no matter how popular they were.

御子左家の中心歌人として活躍し、「六百番歌合」での顕昭との「独鈷鎌首論争」は有名である。
He played an important role as a leading poet in the Mikohidari family, and a controversy with Kensho in the 'Roppyakuban utaawase' (The Poetry Match in 600 Rounds), which is called 'controversy between Tokko (an implement pointed at both ends) and Kamakubi (gooseneck)' is famous.

幕末期を舞台に「鞍馬天狗」を名乗る勤王志士の活躍を描いたもので、大衆小説の代表作である。
The novels, one of the most famous popular fictions in Japan, depicts the activities of a royalist who called himself 'Kurama Tengu' (a long-nosed goblin who lives on Mt. Kurama) at the end of the Edo period.

江戸前期の石川丈山、日政らの後、江戸中期には荻生徂徠の門人たちが派手な唐詩風で活躍した。
In the early Edo period, Jozan ISHIKAWA and Nissei were popular, and then the pupils of Sorai OGYU were known for colorful Tang style poems in the middle of the Edo period.

義仲の下で活躍した、今井兼平、樋口兼光、根井行親、楯親忠の4人の武将を義仲四天王という。
Four warlords who made a good showing under Yoshinaka, Kanehira IMAI, Kanemitsu HIGUCHI, Yukichika NENOI and Chikatada TATE are called Yoshinaka Shitenno.

墨俣川の戦いや水島の戦いで勝利して活躍するが、一ノ谷の戦いで捕虜になり鎌倉へ護送された。
He was active in battle and won the Battle of Sunomata-gawa and the Battle of Mizushima, but he was captured in the Battle of Ichinotani and sent to Kamakura under guard.

主に兄義久の傍らで、作戦参謀として活躍をしており、島津軍団の方針を左右する立場にあった。
He was in a key position to determine the policies of Shimazu's army as a general officer responsible for war strategies.

保元の乱では、目立った活躍はなかったのか、保元物語には名前だけの登場で活躍の記載はない。
Hogen Monogatari (The Tale of the Hogen War) mentions his name, not describing about his military service, which fact probably indicates that he did not do a great job in the Hogen War.

672年の壬申の乱のとき大海人皇子（天武天皇）側の軍に加わり、葦池の側の戦いで活躍した。
In the Jinshin War of 672, he joined the army of Oama no Miko (Prince Oama, later became Emperor Tenmu) and distinguished himself in the Battle of Ashiike.

文久2年（1862年）の島津久光の卒兵上京に従い、寺田屋事件では鎮撫使の一人として活躍。
When Hisamitsu SHIMAZU's soldiers went up to Kyoto in 1862, Shigeru played an active role in the Teradaya Incident as one of Chinbushi (temporary government post involving security enforcement).

後に徳川家康に仕官し、成瀬正一 (戦国武将)と共に長篠の戦い、高天神城の戦いで活躍する。
Later, he served Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and played an active role in the Battle of Nagashino and the Battle of the Takatenjin-jo Castle together with Masakazu NARUSE (Sengoku Busho [Japanese military commander in the Sengoku Period])

北朝方の天皇であった光厳天皇・後光厳天皇両天皇の信任が厚く、北朝方の重鎮として活躍した。
He enjoyed the confidence of both Emperor Kogon and Emperor Gokogon who were emperors of the Northern Court, and played an important role as a leading figure in the Northern Court.

翌元暦元年（1184年）正月に入京、頼朝代官として万事を奉行し、貴族との交渉に活躍する。
He entered the capital on New Years, 1184 and was active in the negotiation with nobles, administrating everything as a magistrate of Yoritomo.

その鎮圧のため派遣された追捕山陽南海両道凶賊使の「主典」（さかん・第四等官）として活躍。
OKURA no Haruzane played an active role as a sakan (secretary (lowest of the four administrative ranks of the ritsuryo period) in Shitokan (four classifications of bureaucrats' ranks)) Kyozokushi (police officer who subdued the barbarians in the Sanyo and Nankai region) who was dispatched to subjugate the conflict.

堀河天皇朝において歌人として活躍し、源俊頼や藤原基俊といった同時代の歌人と親交があった。
In the reign of Emperor Horikawa, he did splendid work as a leading tanka poet; he was associated with other contemporary poets, such as MINAMOTO no Toshiyori and FUJIWARA no Mototoshi.

佐竹義重 (十八代当主)と佐竹義宣 (右京大夫)の父子に仕え、父同様に外交面で活躍した。
He served for Yoshishige SATAKE (the 18th family head) and Yoshinobu SATAKE (Ukyo no daibu (Master of the Western Capital Offices)) and was flourished in diplomacy as well as his father.

しかし、弟の秀家が東軍に属して関ヶ原本戦で活躍したため、戦後に6万石の所領を安堵された。
However, since his younger brother Hideie was in the East squad and fought well in the final battle of Sekigahara, he was approved of the ownership of the shoryo (territory) of 60,000 koku after the battle.

- 「SL急行（トラストトレインなど）」で活躍しているが、2005年4月より運転休止中。
Having fully been used in the 'SL Express (Trust Train, etc.),' but now out of service.

フランスの哲学者で、生命の躍動を進化と発展の要因として提案した（1859年−1941年）
French philosopher who proposed elan vital as the cause of evolution and development (1859-1941)

旧世界の砂漠にすむ穴居性の小型齧歯動物で、長く柔らかい青白い被毛と跳躍に適した後脚を持つ
small Old World burrowing desert rodent with long soft pale fur and hind legs adapted for leaping

彼は秀吉がこれから躍進することを予測して進んで和睦を取りまとめたとされ、秀吉の信任を得る。
He was regarded as having forecast Hideyoshi's future success and having willingly devised the peace plan, so that he gained the confidence of Hideyoshi.

やはり空海の幅広い分野での活躍、そして空海への尊崇がその伝説形成の底辺にあると考えられる。
It should be considered that worshipers of Kukai as well as the fact that Kukai actually played important roles in various fields constitute a basis for forming such legends.

戦場、祭礼行事、朝廷での故実・年中行事などに於いて弓術流派はそれぞれに活躍、発展していく。
In the battlefields, festival events and Kojitsu (ancient practices of customs) or annual events at the Imperial Court, each school of Kyujutsu had flourished and developed.

利休の活躍した天正年間には、進取の気風のある堺市を中心に道具の価値観が大きく変化している。
During the Tensho era (1573 - 91) when Rikyu played an active role, senses of values greatly changed regarding tea utensils mainly in Sakai City that was full of enterprising individuals.

文学の世界では、女性の活躍が目ざましく清少納言が『枕草子』、紫式部が『源氏物語』を書いた。
As for the literature, female nobles played important roles as Sei Shonagon wrote 'Makura no Soshi' (The Pillow Book), Murasaki Shikibu wrote 'Genji Monogatari' (The Tale of Genji).

政春の子・高国は、管領細川政元の養子として京兆家に入り、その家督争いに躍り出ることになる。
Takakuni, the son of Masaharu, was adopted into the Keicho family as a son of Kanrei, then he came to be in the dispute of the family headship.

そのため中世から近代にかけて近江商人と呼ばれる近江出身の商人が全国各地で活躍するに至った。
Therefore, merchants from Omi, who were called 'Omi shonin' (Omi merchants) played active roles in various parts of Japan.

土屋昌恒・小宮山友晴らが奮戦し、土屋昌恒は「片手千人斬り」の異名を残すほどの活躍を見せた。
Masastsune TSUCHIYA and Tomoharu KOMIYAMA bravely fought against their enemies; Masatsune later came to be known for having killed one thousand soldiers with a sword in one hand.

為虎は翌年の豊臣秀吉の小田原征伐にも参加し、文禄・慶長の役でも毛利軍の一員として活躍した。
The next year, Tametora joined Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI to go on an expedition against Odawara, and also took an active part as a member of Mori's force in the Bunroku-Keicho War.

「龍躍池」も江戸時代後期までは残滓が確認できるものの、現在ではその面影すら存在していない。
Although some remains of 'Ryuyaku-ike pond' were identified up until the late Edo period, there is nothing left of Oshikoji Karasuma residence today.

これに代わり、光仁天皇を擁立した藤原北家の藤原永手や藤原式家の藤原良継・百川らが躍進した。
In place of him, FUJIWARA no Nagate from the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and FUJIWARA no Momokawa from the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan made rapid progress.

寛喜2年（1230年）頃には右衛門尉の官にあり、九条道家の近習として競馬等に活躍している。
Around 1230, he was in the position of Uemon no jo (the third ranked official of the Right Division of Outer Palace Guards), and played an active role in activities such as horse racing as a kinju of Michiie KUJO.

奥田穎川やその弟子の欽古亀祐、青木木米、仁阿弥道八など他の京焼作家とは別軸で活躍していた。
He was active in a separate line from other kyo-yaki arists such as Eisen OKUDA and Eisen's apprentices, Kamesuke KINKO, Mokubei AOKI, and Dohachi NINAMI.

綿屋は大坂の有力呉服問屋の1つで、ここで商人として活躍していく素地を造り上げる事ができた。
WATAYA was one of the famous kimono fabrics wholesalers in Osaka, where he was able to lay the groundwork for succeeding as a merchant.

一方、軍人としては戊辰戦争における東北戦争などで、指揮官として目覚ましい活躍を見せていた。
On the other hand, Itagaki as a military man showed a remarkable performance as a commander in such wars as the Tohoku War and the Boshin Civil War.

以来、東京府、千葉県、茨城県の各地で農業技術の研究を行うとともに、指導者としても活躍した。
Since then, he worked on the studies of agricultural techniques and technology in Tokyo, Chiba and Ibaraki Prefectures, while he also passed on his knowledge to following farmers as an advisor of agricultural methods.

また外交面でも活躍し、1863年（文久3年）の薩英戦争の際には幕府側通訳として和平に尽力。
He also engaged in the field of foreign diplomacy, as he participated in the peace talks after the Anglo-Satsuma War in 1863 as an interpreter of Edo bakufu.

子のうち長男の忠賢は安和の変で出家したが、源俊賢と源経房は後に政界で昇進して活躍している。
Among his children, eldest son Tadakata was forced to become a monk because of the Anna Incident, but MINAMOTO no Toshikata and MINAMOTO no Tsunefusa were later promoted and were active in the political world.

その後も戦前2回（京都府第2区）、戦後1回（京都2区）、計4期に渡り国政に携わるなど活躍。
Thereafter, he served two terms before the war (Kyoto District 2), and once after the war (Kyoto District 2) and was involved in national politics for four terms.

母親が白河天皇の乳母であった関係もあり、白河天皇の信任が厚く院の近臣として官界で活躍した。
As his mother was a nanny of the Emperor Shirakawa, he enjoyed a deep confidence of the emperor and succeeded as the trusted imperial vassal in the government service.

おれは返事もしないで、いきなり、一番喧嘩の烈（はげ）しそうな所へ躍（おど）り込（こ）んだ。
I did not answer, but rushed to the spot where the scuffle appeared most violent.

多数の微小な無翅の原始的昆虫で、ほとんど絶え間なく跳躍する性質を可能にする特別な腹肢を持つ
any of numerous minute wingless primitive insects possessing a special abdominal appendage that allows the characteristic nearly perpetual springing pattern

文化 (元号)・文政頃に活躍した地歌三味線の名手で、手事物京流手事物の名曲をいくつか残した。
He was an active virtuoso of jiuta-shamisen during the Bunka and Bunsei eras and composed some good songs of Kyoto-style tegotomono (a form of Japanese chamber music).

近世以降、鼓を中心とする打楽器の飛躍的な発達と流布によって扇拍子は徐々に下火になっていった。
After early modern times, due to the drastic development and popularization of percussion instruments centered on Tsuzumi (hand drum), Ogi byoshi gradually lost its popularity.

以降は数々の受章を受け、中村歌右衛門 (6代目)、尾上梅幸 (7代目)に次ぐ女形として活躍。
As Shikan NAKAMURA he received many awards, and after Utaemon NAKAMURA VI and Baiko ONOE VII he was recognized as the third best female impersonator.

同じく源氏といえども、公卿を輩出した公家源氏と武家の棟梁として活躍した武家源氏に分けられる。
The Minamoto clan can be divided into the kuge Genji that gave rise to the kugyo (court nobles), and the samurai Genji whose members were successful leader samurai families.

同時期に京都では露の五郎兵衛が四条河原で活躍し、後水尾天皇の皇女の御前で演じることもあった。
Around the same time at Shijo Gawara in Kyoto, TSUYU no Gorobei (the first) was busily engaged in rakugo, and he sometimes performed in front of the imperial princesses of Emperor Gomizunoo.

また昭和初期に総理大臣・海軍大臣として活躍した米内光政も安倍貞任の末裔であると自負していた。
Also, Mitsumasa YONAI who was active as a Prime Minister and a Navy Minister in the early Showa era took pride in being the descendant of ABE no Sadato.

この時代、農業技術が著しく発達し、二毛作や鉄製農具の普及により、農業生産が飛躍的に増加した。
At this time, the techniques of agriculture remarkably developed and with the spread of a two-crop system and iron farming equipments, the agricultural production also dramatically increased.

薩軍は塁を捨てて後退したが、鵬翼隊三番中隊左小隊の活躍により塁を取り返し、銃器・弾薬を得た。
The Satsuma army retreated, abandoning the fort, but the left platoon of the 3rd company of the Hoyoku-tai troop succeeded in regaining the fort and obtained firearms and ammunition.

明治初頭、日本政府は近代化に必要な都市を築くため、西洋建築の技術を得ようと躍起になっていた。
In the early Meiji period, the Japanese government was making desperate attempts to acquire Western architectural technologies in order to develop the cities required to modernize the country.

髭黒太政大臣亡き後、玉鬘は遺された三男二女を抱え、零落した家を復興させんと躍起になっていた。
After Higekuro Daijo-daijin passed away, Tamakazura was left with her three sons and two daughters, and tried to restore her ruined family.

1033年（長元6年）には源倫子の70歳の祝賀で屏風歌を進詠したほか、多くの歌合で活躍した。
In 1033, she composed and presented byobu-uta (screen poems) for MINAMOTO no Rinshi on the celebration of her 70th birthday, as well as flourishing in many Utaawase (poetry competition).

室町時代には足利将軍家に近侍した飛鳥井雅世・飛鳥井雅親父子が歌壇の中心的歌人として活躍した。
In the Muromachi period, Masayo ASUKAI and his son Masachika ASUKAI closely served the Ashikaga Shogunal family and were among prominent poets of the time.

茶などの文化が発展した南北朝時代 (中国)には、陶淵明（365年 - 427年）が活躍した。
Tao Yuan-Ming (365 - 427) was popular in the period of the Southern and Northern dynasties when culture, such as the tea ceremony, developed.

文久3年(1863)8月18日の八月十八日の政変後、壬生浪士組の活躍が認められ新選組が発足。
After the political change on August 18 1863, the active role of Miburoshi-gumi was acknowledged, and Shinsen-gumi was set up.

設計の自由度は飛躍的に増し、小間の空間は無限ともいえるバリエーションを獲得することとなった。
He made rapid changes in freedom of teahouse design, and the possible variations became infinite.

田村麻呂は活躍の機会を失ったが、本来は臨時職である征夷大将軍の称号をこの後も身に帯び続けた。
Although Tamuramaro was no longer able to serve as a military commander, he continued to remain in the post of Seii taishogun, which was originally created as an emergency office.

この時政の時代に北条氏は鎌倉幕府における基盤を築き上げ、次代に飛躍する基礎を固めたのである。
During the days of Tokimasa, the HOJO clan established a firm foundation in the Kamakura bakufu toward the achievement of greater power in future generations.

のちに子孫は、町人であるが小川姓の苗字を名乗ることを許され、西国大名の御用達として活躍する。
Afterwards, his descendents were allowed to adopt a surname Ogawa, although they were belonging to the merchant class, and they expanded their business as purveyors of the daimyos (Japanese territorial lords) in the western region of Japan.

帰国後、早稲田大学文学部教授となり「早稲田文学」を主宰して自然主義運動のため大いに活躍する。
After he came back to Japan, he became a professor of the School of Letters, Arts and Sciences at Waseda University and edited 'Waseda Bungaku,' actively involved in the naturalist movement.

京都へ攻め上った尊氏が朝廷軍の反攻に遭って九州へ落ちると、筑前国などの戦いで大いに活躍する。
Although Takauji moved his forces to Kyoto, they were pushed back by the Imperial forces and Takauji was forced to escape to Kyushu, where KO no Moroyasu played a remarkable role in battles in the Chikuzen Province and other areas.

明治6年（1873年）に陸軍少佐に昇進して熊本鎮守府に移り、翌年の佐賀の乱の鎮圧に活躍する。
In 1873, he was promoted to Army Major, that moved him to Kumamoto Chinjufu (Pacification and Defense Headquarters in Kumamoto Prefecture), and in the following year, he showed great performance in the suppression of Saga War.

このように、後半生は京都を中心に各地で活躍、大和でも興福寺の薪猿楽をつとめるなどしていたが、
Thereafter, he spent his life performing in different areas in and around Kyoto, and providing Takigi sarugaku (sarugaku performed in the light of bonfire) at Kofuku-ji temple in Yamato area.

晩年には山科家では初めて権大納言（1569年）に昇進し、織田信長との交渉役としても活躍した。
Later in his life he was promoted to Gon Dainagon as the first person in the Yamashina family (in 1569), and took an active role in negotiation with Nobunaga ODA.

父は光仁天皇・桓武天皇の2代の天皇の擁立に活躍したが、緒嗣が5歳の時に参議在任中に病死する。
FUJIWARA no Otsugu's father played an important role in supporting two emperors, Emperor Konin and Emperor Kanmu, however, he died of disease while he was acting as a Sangi (royal advisor) when Otsugu was five years old.

25年からは主に東宝で活躍し、31年三船敏郎の「宮本武蔵」がアカデミー賞外国語映画賞を受賞。
Starting in 1950, he began working mainly for Toho; his film 'Miyamoto Musashi,' starring Toshiro Mifune as Musashi, won the 1955 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

娘婿である北条義時が鎌倉幕府の2代執権となった事から、朝光の子らは義時の外戚として活躍した。
Since his adopted son-in-law Yoshitoki HOJO became the second Shikken (shogunal regent) of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), Tomomitsu's children were active as Yoshitoki's maternal relatives.

人形浄瑠璃などに多くの作品を残し、また平賀焼などの焼き物を作成したり、多彩な分野で活躍した。
He was also active in many fields, including playwriting such as for traditional Japanese puppet theatre 'Ningyo Joruri' and making pottery such as 'Hiraga yaki'.

慶長5年（1600年）の関ケ原の戦いでは、はじめは西軍に加わって伏見城攻防戦などで活躍した。
In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Yorifusa was first on the side of West squad and rustled in Siege of Fushimi Castle.

この事件以降、義光は反豊臣急先鋒となり、慶長出羽合戦では奥羽における東軍の要として活躍した。
Yoshimitsu became an active leader of the anti-Toyotomi faction after this incident, and he was active as a key figure of the East squad in Ou (Mutsu Province and Dewa Province) in the Battle of Dewa in the Keicho Era.

織田信長の馬廻衆は、小姓と並んで土豪の次男・三男などから編成され、信長の側近として活躍した。
Nobunaga ODA's horse guards, just like pages who served him, were chosen from among the second and third sons of local ruling families and played important roles as Nobunaga's aides.

応仁の乱以降、合戦における将兵の軽装化が進み、足軽が主力のひとつとして活躍するようになった。
After the Onin War, as officers and soldiers in battles wore only light armor, Ashigaru came to have an active role as a main battle force.

デザインも、アーチ型のロゴデザインにより現代的で「登場感」「躍動感」あるものに仕上げました。
The design was also given the finishing touch to have launch impact and dynamism provided by the novelty of the arch shaped logo design.

跳躍しようとするジャンパーが、まず後ろに下がって、長いジャンプをしようとするのと同じ理屈だ。
- retiring, like a jumper, in order to take a longer leap.

その後もヨーロッパやハワイ、アメリカなどに赴き、視察や布教などを行うなど、国際的にも活躍した。
He had been internationally active, and went overseas including European countries, Hawaii and the United States for inspection and missionary work.

原文…設我得佛他方國土諸菩薩衆聞我名字歡喜踊躍修菩薩行具足德本若不爾者不取正覺
Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not rejoice so greatly as to dance and perform the Bodhisattva practices and should not acquire stores of merit, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.

理宗 (宋)はその廟号「理」字が示すとおり道学を好み、朱熹の門流、魏了翁・真徳秀らが活躍した。
Ri So (Lizong) (Song) enjoyed Do school as the name 'Ri' (law) given to a dead emperor for the ceremony of putting the soul in a mausoleum indicates, and Gi Ryo O, Sin Toku Shu, etc. from the school of Chu His flourished.

師匠は名古屋市の大須演芸場で活躍した紙切り芸人で、2006年に没した大東両（だいとうりょう）。
His teacher was Ryo DAITO, actively performed kamikiri at the Osu Vaudeville Theater in Nagoya City died in 2006.

妖怪漫画家として活躍する水木しげるの妖怪研究関連の著書の中にも創作妖怪があると指摘されている。
It has been pointed out that there are creative yokai characters in yokai research-related books written by Shigeru MIZUKI, who is a successful yokai cartoon writer.

主人公の弥次郎兵衛と喜多八、繋げて『弥次喜多』は、派生する娯楽メディア類に、なお活躍している。
The main characters, Yajirobe and Kitahachi, called 'Yaji Kita' together, still remain popular in the entertainment media that have their origins in this series.

しかし、後には長男で奥州家に養子に出した細川忠興（三斎）とともに織田信長の配下として活躍した。
However, later he was actively involved as a vassal of Nobunaga ODA with his first son Tadaoki HOSOKAWA (Sansai), who was put up for adoption to the Oshu family.

楠木氏（くすのきし）は、河内国の豪族で、南北朝時代_(日本)に活躍した南朝 (日本)方の武家。
The Kusunoki clan was Gozoku, a local ruling family of the Kawachi Province, and a samurai family of the Southern Court of Japan.

民衆に仏教信仰が拡がったのもこの時期であり、空也や融通念仏の良忍などの僧が民衆の中で活躍した。
It was during this time that Buddhism was widely accepted among ordinary people and Kuya as well as Ryonin of Yuzu nenbutsu (reciting the name of Amida Buddha) was active among them.

また、遣隋使で活躍した小野妹子が大徳に昇進した例外を除いては冠位の昇進の記録がわずかであった。
Moreover, with a few exceptions, including ONO no Imoko, who played an active role as an envoy to Sui Dynasty China, there were few records of promotion up the ranks.

留学生も帰国後に政治、経済、教育、文化など様々な分野で活躍し、日本の文明開化に大きく貢献した。
The returned students contributed greatly to Japan's civilization and enlightenment serving in various fields such as politics, economics, education and culture.

五世紀代の皇位継承争いにおいて軍事的な活躍を見せ、雄略朝には最高執政官を輩出するようになった。
In the fifth century, the Mononobe clan showed great military performance in the conflict over succession of imperial throne and produced the chief administrator in the era of the Emperor Yuraku.

一ノ谷の戦いで最も活躍したのは地元の多田行綱であるという説まである（神戸市郷土史家・梅村伸雄）
Furthermore, some scholars expressed the theory that the local samurai Yukitsuna TADA played a most active role in the battle of Ichinotani (a local history researcher of Kobe City, Nobuo UEMURA).

息子の長政の活躍により、関ヶ原の合戦が短期に終結したのは皮肉な巡り合わせと言えるかも知れない。
There is irony in that his son Nagamasa's successful performance contributed to ending the Battle of Sekigahara in a short period of time.

この同じ日には藤原成親が参議となり、藤原成範が従三位に叙せられるなど、院近臣の躍進が目立った。
On the same day, FUJIWARA no Narichika became Sangi, and FUJIWARA no Shigenori was awarded the court rank of Jusanmi, showing that In no Kinshin were being rapidly promoted.

しかし、『義経記』を初めとした創作の世界では大活躍をしており、義経と並んで主役格の人気がある。
But he is a great hero in fictional stories including 'Gikeiki,' a military epic about the life of Yoshitsune, and he is as popular as his master Yoshitsune as a leading role.

また『弘仁格式』『日本後紀』『内裏式』などの編纂にも従事し、文武を兼ね備えた多方面で活躍した。
He was engaged in the compilation of books, including 'Konin Kyakushiki' (compilation of rules, regulations, and precedents), 'Nihonkoki' (Later Chronicle of Japan) and 'Dairishiki' (Ceremonial Book of the Court), and he was active in diverse fields, including the literary and military arts.

明治39年（1906年）、新平は南満洲鉄道初代総裁に就任し、大連市を拠点に満洲経営に活躍した。
In 1906, Shinpei became the first president of the South Manchuria Railways Company, and played an active role in the administration of Manchuria based in Dalian City.

さらには吉野へ攻め入って南朝方を賀名生（奈良県五條市）へ撤退させるなど、主に軍事面で活躍した。
Having played an active part in military affairs, he attacked the Southern Court side in Yoshino and made them retreat to Ano (Gojo City, Nara Prefecture).

しかし、大学頭だった時代に大学制度の設立につくすなど文教行政面での活躍は特筆すべきものがある。
However, something that deserves a special mention is, while he was the university head, he was active in the educational administration side such as the establishment of the university system.

天文21年（1552年）の定頼死後はその子・六角義賢に仕え、伊勢国攻略を任されるなど活躍した。
After Sadayori's death in 1552, he served Sadayori's son Yoshikata ROKKAKU, and he played an active role in charge of conquering the Ise Province and so on.

文治5年（1189年）、奥州合戦に従軍、阿津賀志山の戦いで、敵将・金剛別当を討ち取るなど活躍。
He took part in the Oshu War in 1189 and fought at the Battle of Atsukashiyama, where he performed well and killed enemy commander Kongo betto.

また、奉行としての行政の功績だけではなく、三河一向一揆鎮圧戦などで大いに活躍し、戦功を挙げた。
Furthermore, he was not only known for his legislative role as a magistrate, but he also distinguished himself by suppressing the uprising of Ikko sect followers in Mikawa Province).

この前後の5月9日 (旧暦)（6月8日）火消し大名としての活躍から本所材木蔵火番に任じられる。
He was assigned to watch out for fire of Honjo (proprietor or guarantor of a private estate) lumber stock being given credit for his achievements as a firefighter daimyo (Japanese feudal lord).

壱岐氏の一族とされ、壬申の乱において近江朝廷（弘文天皇）側で活躍した壱伎韓国は同族と思われる。
It is generally believed that he was a member of Iki clan and IKI no Karakuni who had performed well in Jinshin War on the Omi Imperial Court (Emperor Kobun) side was the same family.

資永はその棟梁として、保元の乱においても平清盛に従い活躍、都で検非違使を努めていたこともある。
Sukenaga obeyed TAIRA no Kiyomori and played an active part in the Hogen War as a toryo (head of the clan) and also had served on Kebiishi (officials with judicial and police powers) at the capital.

振付師に戻った芳次郎は、玉屋やかつて縁のあった役者たちの後ろ盾を得て、次第に活躍の場を広げる。
Yoshijiro, who returned to a choreography, gradually widened his appeal with the backing of Tamaya and actors he associated with in previous times.

家純は、享徳の乱において上杉氏に味方し、古河公方に属した持国を誘って味方につけるなど活躍した。
Iezumi sided with the Uesugi clan in the Kyotoku War, and made many contributions, such as persuading Mochikuni on the Koga kobo side to join them.

水戸弘道館医学館教授となってからは、講義・治療・著述などに活躍し、水戸藩医政の第一線を担った。
After he became the professor of medical department of Mito Kodokan school, he was active through lectures, treatment, writing, taking charge of the front lines of the medical community of the Mito Domain.

左甚五郎（ひだりじんごろう、生没年不詳）は江戸時代初期に活躍したとされる伝説的な彫刻職人。
Jingoro HIDARI (Dates of birth and death unknown), was a legendary sculptor living in the early Edo Period.

しかし初代、二代、三代目が最も活躍した茶屋四郎次郎といわれている（彼らについては以下で詳述）。
However, it is said that the first, the second and the third family heads were the most successful (notes on them are found below).

また、この頃の作品から神泉様式とも呼ばれる独自の画風の確立が見え出し、戦後の飛躍へとつながる。
Also, it was around the time that his unique painting style also known as Shinsen style started to form, and this became the foundation of his soaring post-war career.

3年連続の同映画祭の入賞を果たすという快挙を成し遂げ、一躍国際的に認知される映画監督となった。
Mizoguchi achieved the feat of being awarded at the same festival for three consecutive years, and immediately became an internationally renowned director.

現在も現役で活躍、70年の映画キャリアを誇り、世界最長老の映像作家のひとりである事で知られる。
Even now, he continues to work actively, and with a 70 year career in film, he is known as one of the oldest filmmakers in the world..

今井自身は出来に満足はしなかったものの、本作は大ヒットを記録して、東映の基礎固めに一躍買った。
Although Imai himself was not satisfied with the quality of it, the film became a big hit and helped Toei lay its foundation.

その後は田村氏の旗下に入り、天正4年（1576年）に安積郡に侵攻し片平城を落とすなど活躍した。
Since that, he was under the banner of the Tamura clan and in 1576, he played an active role in invading Asaka District and conquering Katahira-jo Castle.

殿上人の作法故実書『蓬莱抄』、公事の指図書『雲図抄』を著すなど、識見豊かな官人として活躍した。
He was active as a government official with deep insight, and wrote 'Horaisho' (a book on ancient practices of Tenjobito) and 'Unzusho' (a book on court rules of ceremonies and etiquettes).

津軽為信の軍師として活躍したと言われているが、明確な功績についての詳細はあまりわかっていない。
He is said to have been flourished as the strategist for Tamenobu TSUGARU, but details of his achievements are not so certain.

晩年は映画のみならず、テレビや舞台でも活躍、1971年には28年ぶりに前進座の舞台にも立った。
In his last years, he appeared not only in movies but also in TV dramas and on the stage, and in 1971, he appeared on the stage of Zenshinza for the first time in 28 years.

兄島津忠行はもとより本宗家の島津忠時・島津久経らと比較しても顕著な活躍を示しているのがわかる。
It can be understood that Tadakage brought prominent achievements compared to his brother Tadayuki SHIMAZU as well as Tadatoki SHIMAZU and Hisatsune SHIMAZU of the head family.

祭神は南朝方で活躍した、日野資朝、日野俊基、児島範長、児島高徳、桜山茲俊、土居通益、得能通綱。
Their enshrined deities are those who performed distinguished services in the Southern Court: Suketomo HINO, Toshimoto HINO, Norinaga KOJIMA, Takanori KOJIMA, Shigetoshi SAKURAYAMA, Michimasu DOI, and Michitsuna TOKUNO.

大彦の活躍した時代は3世紀末から4世紀初頭と推定され、崇神より一世代後と考えるのが妥当である。
These facts indicate that Obiko lived from the late third century to early fourth century, a period that was one generation after the Emperor Suijin.

と、これに間髪を容れず、ホームズはその時手に虎のように躍りかかって、彼を打ち伏せに投げつけた。
At that instant Holmes sprang like a tiger on to the marksman's back, and hurled him flat upon his face.

パスパルトゥーは、ついにアメリカ大陸に入った喜びを、アクロバティックな跳躍で見せようと思った。
Passepartout, in his joy on reaching at last the American continent, thought he would show it by executing a perilous vault in fine style;

この部分に中国禅宗の要諦が尽されているが、伝統的な仏教の瞑想から大きく飛躍していることがわかる。
The essence of the Chinese Zen sect is shown clearly in this part, which was greatly beyond traditional mediation in Buddhism.

活躍は仏像修理技師、仏像研究者、僧侶としてばかりでなく、一般向けの仏像解説書の執筆にまで及ぶ。
In addition to being a sculptor and repair specialist of Buddhist statues and Buddhist priest, he wrote guide books for Buddhist statues for general readers.

現在までには、びんざさらを使う躍り系の田楽と、擦りささらを使う田はやし系の田楽とに分かれてきた。
By the present day, Dengaku dances have become divided into Bin-zasara and Suri-sasara, depending on the type of percussion instrument used.

大正から昭和初期にかけては、木村岳風、山田積善といった吟詠家が活躍し、現在の諸流派の祖となった。
From the Taisho to the early Showa period, the ginei masters such as Gakufu KIMURA and Katsuyoshi YAMADA were active and they became the originators of several present-day schools.

「寺子屋」の涎くり、「御殿」の豆腐買おむらのように、丸本物の悲劇には道外方が活躍する場面がある。
Like Yodarekuri of 'Terakoya' and Omura TOFUKAI of 'Goten,' dokekata (clown) characters sometimes appear in tragic dramas of maruhonmono (kabuki drama of joruri origin).

その後は国事御用掛として幕末の政界で活躍し、明治維新後は、議定・外国事務総督などの要職を占めた。
After that, he flourished as a Kokuji goyogakari (a general official of the Imperial Household in charge of State affairs) in the political world at the end of the Edo Period, and occupied important positions such as a gijo (official post) and a ministerial governor of foreign affairs after the Meiji restoration.

皇別氏族の中には地方で武士の棟梁として活躍するものもおり、桓武平氏と清和源氏はその代表例である。
Some families which were derived from the Imperial family flourished as Toryo (leader) of samurai (warriors) in the provinces, and famous examples are Kanmu-Heishi (TAIRA clan) and Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan).

足利尊氏に仕えた佐々木道誉（京極高氏）の活躍により室町時代は守護大名、四職の一つとして繁栄した。
The great success of Doyo SASAKI (Takauji KYOGOKU) who served Takauji ASHIKAGA, brought prosperity during the Muromachi period as Shugo Daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) and one of Shishiki (Four major feudal lords who worked for Muromachi bakufu).

また明治維新の際には時代祭行列で知られる山国隊が当地の農民により編成され、官軍に参加し活躍した。
Also Yamaguni-tai, which is now famous for its Jidai Matsuri Parade, was formed by local farmers to participate in the imperial army and played an active role in the Meiji Restoration.

最終的に山国隊はその活躍とともに、戦死4人（行方不明1人含）、病死3人という多大な犠牲を出した。
In the end, the Yamagunitai suffered four war dead (including one who was never located afterwards) and three deaths to illness during the course of their activities, a steep sacrifice considering their total numbers.

徳川軍の活躍により合戦に勝利したことを示すため織田軍が押され気味であったと記述しているとする説。
A theory suggests that there was a description that Oda troops were losing ground in order to indicate that they won the battle because of the performance of Tokugawa's.

ただ、当時としては最大規模の鉄砲隊の投入、また騎馬隊を防ぐための馬防柵が活躍したのは事実である。
Yet the fact remains that the then largest teppo units were deployed and the stockade was instrumental in warding off Takeda's cavalry.

また清水一学の方も台所で数合斬り合って討たれたといわれており、特に活躍したとは伝えられていない。
It is also said that Ichigaku SHIMIZU did not play a central role either, since he was killed in the kitchen after crossing swords several times.

道印らの活躍は正徳 (日本)年間以後に一般庶民向けの道中案内図が多数刊行されるきっかけとなった。
The activities of Doin and his disciples became a catalyst by which many publications of route guides for the common people came out after the Shotoku era (1711).

為朝は『保元物語』の事実上の主人公で、その活躍は人間離れしており、そのまま事実とは考えられない。
Tametomo is depicted as the de facto main character of 'Hogen Monogatari,' yet his superhuman achievements, as depicted in this story, certainly cannot be taken as genuine historical facts.

前九年の役、後三年の役で活躍し「天下第一の武勇の士」と尊崇を集めた父義家譲りのつわものであった。
He was a strong man like his father, Yoshiie who was called 'The best heroic samurai in the world,' having contributed at the Zen Kunen no Eki (the Early Nine Years' War) and the Go Sannen no Eki (the Later Three Years' War).

武功においても伊勢国の北畠満雅を討ち、1427年に出奔した赤松満祐の討伐においても活躍している。
As a military man, he performed great exploits, as he subjugated Mitsumasa KITABATAKE of Ise Province, and subdued the army of Mitsusuke AKAMATSU who had run away in 1427.

しかし1333年、新田義貞が鎌倉攻略の兵を興すと寝返ってこれに応じ、幕府を滅ぼすのに一躍買った。
When Yoshisada NITTA raised an army against Kamakura bakufu in 1333, he switched the sides and joined Nitta to overthrow the bakufu.

そして道三と敵対する土岐頼純方との合戦に活躍し、道三の猶子に迎えられ、斎藤姓を与えられたという。
Furthermore, he played an active role in the battle against the force of Yorizume TOKI, an enemy of Dosan; thus, he was chosen to be Dosan's adapted child and given the family name of Saito.

14歳のときに道楽が過ぎて実家から勘当され、その後貸本屋の手代となり狂歌、茶番、俳句などで活躍。
When he was 14 years old, he was repudiated by his parents due to wild debauchery, thereafter becoming a tedai (clerk) at a kashihon-ya (book-lending shop) and flourishing in the fields of kyoka (comic and satirical tanka), chaban (a farcical form of drama) and haiku.

宮崎友禅斎（みやざきゆうぜんさい）とは、江戸時代前期から中期に掛けての京都で活躍した扇絵師。
Yuzensai MIYAZAKI was a painter of folding fan who was active in Kyoto during early to mid Edo period.

禅竹は大和猿楽最古参とされる由緒ある流派、円満井座のながれをうけつぐ金春一座をひきいて活躍した。
Zenchiku was the leader of the Konparu School of Noh, an offspring of the Enmani School, which was a prestigious school believed to be the oldest school of Japanese Noh art.

子供好きで、子役の活躍する『大魔神逆襲』を振り返って、「子供というのは神さまだね」と語っている。
He loved children and said, 'Children are gods and goddesses' recalling 'Daimajin gyakushu' (Majin Strikes Again) in which child actors were active.

第二次四国征伐の折には喜岡城を落とし、木津城攻めでは城の要を抑え、城内の水源を絶つなど活躍した。
He also played an important role in the second subjugation of Shikoku by capturing the linchpin, or the Kioka-jo Castle, and cutting off the water source of the castle.

一般に父の景時は源義経を陥れた大悪人とされるが、その子の景季は軍記物語では華やかに活躍している。
It is generally believed that Kagetoki was a consummate villain who set up MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, but distinguished services of his son Kagesue are mentioned in war chronicles.

一方、民間では室町時代頃から陰陽道の浸透がより進展し、占い師、祈祷師として民間陰陽師が活躍した。
On the other hand, during the Muromachi period, Ommyodo permeated more deeply among common people, causing private Ommyo-ji to flourish as fortune-tellers and shamans.

特に足軽は訓練された槍・弓 (武器)・鉄砲の足軽隊が組織され主力軍として活躍するようになりった。
Ashigaru troops in particular, who were trained with spears, bows and guns, were organized and became active as a main fighting force.

彼等が通り過ぎてしまった時、何だって彼の冷やかな眼に涙が燦めいたのか、彼の心臓は躍り上ったのか。
Why did his cold eye glisten, and his heart leap up as they went past?

智顗が活躍し天台宗が興隆した当時は、涅槃経を所依とする涅槃宗は単なる学派となり実践力が薄れていた。
In the period when Chigi was active and Tendai-shu sect prospered, the Nehan Sect that has its basis on Nehan-gyo became only a school sect and was impractical.

文化文政時代、京都で活躍した盲人音楽家、菊岡検校が作曲、八重崎検校が箏の手付をした手事もの地歌曲。
It was composed by Kengyo KIKUOKA, the blind musician, who performed in Kyoto in Bunka and Bunsei era, and a tegotomono jiuta where Kengyo YAEZAKI played the koto.

南北朝時代 (日本)の動乱では、足利将軍家の一門として、北朝 (日本)・室町幕府方として活躍した。
At the disturbance in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the Hosokawa clan actively involved as a family of the Ashikaga Shogunal family, and took the side of Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) of the Northern Court (Japan).

また、没官領は朝廷及びその機関のみならず、没官対象者の追討に活躍した者への恩賞となる場合もあった。
Mokkanryo was given not only to the Imperial Court and its institutions, but also to those who contributed to search and kill criminals as rewards.

行遍（ぎょうへん、生没年未詳）は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけて活躍した熊野速玉大社の社僧。
Gyohen (year of birth and death unknown) was shaso (shrine priest) of Kumano-hayatama-taisha Shrine who did very splendid work from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period.

『平家物語』『源平盛衰記』などの軍記物語ではこの後の屋島の戦い、壇ノ浦の戦いで大いに活躍している。
According to martial tales such as 'Heike Monogatari' and 'Genpei Seisuiki,' Noritsune participated actively in subsequent battles, The Battles of Yashima and The Battle of Dannoura.

しかし、のちに藩主島津忠義によって人馬奉行に抜擢され、鳥羽伏見の戦いでは小荷駄隊を率いて活躍した。
However, he was selected for Jinba Bugyo (Magistrate of inspection of battleground, and deployment and positioning of military capability) by the lord of the domain, Tadayoshi SHIMAZU and he showed remarkable service in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, leading konidatai (caravan of men and animals carrying supplies).

その後も金ヶ崎城攻めや北畠顕家討伐で大いに活躍し、室町幕府創設にあたり軍事において大いに貢献した。
Moroyasu made a great contribution to the establishment of Muromachi bakufu militarily, including the attack on the Kanagasaki-jo Castle and the subjugation of Akiie KITABATAKE.

箱館戦争では新選組分隊差図役として活躍したが、明治2年（1869年）5月15日、弁天台場にて降伏。
Although he was once successful as a commander of a Shinsengumi squad, he surrendered in Benten Daiba on June 24, 1869.

彼は、大力の勇者であったため、『平家物語』などの軍記物語で活躍した大力の女武者巴御前の子と伝わる。
Because he was a hero with great physical strength, it has been told that he was a son of female warrior, Tomoe Gozen who held great physical strength and displayed remarkable deeds in gunki monogatari (martial tales) such as 'Heike Monogatari' (The tale of the Heike).

土佐国藩士（後に脱藩）で、幕末は武市半平太の土佐勤王党や坂本龍馬の海援隊 (浪士結社)で活躍した。
He was the feudal retainer of Tosa Province (he left later) and was active in Tosa kinnoto (loyalist clique of Tosa) led by Hanpeita TAKECHI as well as Kaientai (Japan's first modern corporation established by Ryoma SAKAMOTO) (Roshi association) by Ryoma SAKAMOTO in the end of Edo period.

森幸安（もりこうあん）(1701（元禄14年）　- ?)は、江戸時代中期に活躍した地図考証家。
Koan MORI (1701 - ?) was a cartographer in the mid-Edo period.

翌元和 (日本)2年（1616年）には友人でもあった坂崎直盛の反乱未遂事件の交渉と処理に活躍する。
The following year in 1616, he worked hard to settle an attempted rebellion by Naomori SAKAZAKI, who was a friend of his.

日蓮聖人の唱える本仏・釈尊中心の仏教と、人生に勇気と慈悲を持って歩む信仰の感激を全国に展開し活躍す。
He was active throughout the nation, spreading Buddhism centered on Buddha and Shakyamuni, which was advocated by Nichiren Shonin, as well as the joy of belief that gives courage and mercy in life.

戦後はアメリカの近代文化が国民の憧れとなり、高度経済成長により日本は飛躍的な工業化と都市化を遂げる。
The American modern culture was longed for by Japanese people after the war, and Japan has accomplished drastic industrialization and urbanization through a high economic growth.

新時代への飛躍に心躍らせながらも、同時に社会不安に通底するアンビバレントな葛藤や心理的摩擦もあった。
The shift to a new era excited people, but caused ambivalent struggles and psychological frictions, which led to social anxiety.

源氏といえば武家として活躍した清和源氏を想起する人が多いが、公家社会では村上源氏が最高とされていた。
Mention of the Minamoto clan makes many people think of Seiwa-Genji, who were very active as a samurai family; among the society of court nobles, however, Murakami-Genji was considered to hold the highest rank.

正盛は主に、北面武士・検非違使・追討使といった国家権力の爪牙として活躍するが、各地の受領も歴任した。
Masamori was mainly active as part of the military arm of the nation, such as Hokumen no bushi, Kebiishi (statutory office in the Heian and Kamakura periods), and Tsuitoshi, but also held positions as an officer at various provinces.

岩見隆夫（1958年卒・法学）毎日新聞社で、政治部記者としてロッキード事件や日韓癒着の取材で活躍。
Takao IWAMI (class of 1958, law): He was a political reporter for Mainichi Newspaper Co., Ltd., and took an active part in the report on the Lockheed scandal and a collusive relationship between Japan and Korea.

また、町人階級の経済的躍進は、武士階級を困窮させる事になり、幾度も倹約令や徳政令が出される事になる。
The economic development of the merchant class resulted in the impoverishment of the samurai, and laws regulating expenditures and debt cancellation orders were promulgated many times.

戦後、抽象表現や障壁画の世界にも活躍の場を広げ、国際展覧会に多くの作品を出展するなど国際的にも活躍。
After World War II, he expanded his artistic horizons to include abstract expressions and murals and, in addition, took an active part in the international art scene by entering numerous works into various international exhibits.

救出された孝高は信長から播磨国内に1万石を与えられ、秀吉の与力となって参謀として活躍するようになる。
The rescued Yoshitaka was given a property with ten thousand koku in the Harima Province and began to play an active role as an aide to Hideyoshi.

元弘3年（1333年）、新田義貞の挙兵に参加し、巨福呂坂（こぶくろざか）から鎌倉を攻略するなど活躍。
In 1333, he took part in Yoshisada NITTA's taking up arms, and he made remarkable achievements such as taking Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) by attacking from Kobukuro-zaka Slope.

鳥羽・伏見の戦い前の薩摩藩邸焼き討ち事件で江戸から脱出し、戊辰戦争では旧幕府海軍との戦いで活躍した。
He escaped from Edo during the fire attack on the resident of Satsuma clan, which took place prior to the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, and he played an active part in the battle against the old Bakufu Navy during the Boshin War.

安麻呂は壬申の乱で大海人皇子について活躍した人物だが、結婚と乱や配流との時間的前後関係は不明である。
Yasumaro fought and had a great success in the Jinshin War on Oama no Miko's side; however, the chronological order of his marriage to Iratsume, the Jinshin War, and KOSE family's exile is unknown.

彼から六代の子孫にあたる木曾家村が登場し、足利尊氏の武将として活躍し、木曾家再興の祖と称したという。
Later on, Iemura KISO, the sixth generation descendent of Yoshimune, came to play an active role as a busho (Japanese military commander) of Takauji ASHIKAGA and called himself 'the restorer of the Kiso family.'

1900年代初頭、単身でヨーロッパに渡り舞台女優として活躍し、日本文化の紹介者としての役割を担った。
At the beginning of the 1900s, she left for Europe by herself, performed as an actress, and played a role to introduce Japan.

江戸時代後期の朝廷儒学者として幕末期から明治時代に活躍した多くの皇族や公家の子女たちに儒学を教えた。
As an attendant Confucian scholar at the imperial court in the late Edo period, he taught Confucianism to a number of the youth in the imperial family and the nobility, who were active from the Bakumatsu period (the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate) through to the Meiji period.

桜町天皇の側近として活躍し、従一位関白左大臣・太政大臣を歴任して14年にわたって朝廷の中枢にあった。
He was a close adviser of Emperor Sakuramachi, remaining at the center of the court for fourteen years, reaching Juichii (Junior First Rank) and holding the positions of Kanpaku (Chief Adviser to the Emperor) Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) and Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister of State).

さらなる活躍が期待されたが、吉永小百合主演で『夢千代日記』を完成させた1985年、心不全により死去。
Though he was expected to produce further great works, he died of cardiac failure in 1985 after finishing 'Yumechiyo nikki' (Diary of Yumechiyo) featuring Sayuri YOSHINAGA.

しかし、田楽本座所属の役者として活躍して高い評価を受けていたことが、世阿弥の著作などで知られている。
However, it is known through Zeami's writing that he worked actively as a player belonging to Dengaku Honza and his plays were evaluated highly.

『平家物語』や『源平盛衰記』にその活躍が描かれ、宇治川の戦いにおける梶原景季との先陣争いで知られる。
His activities were depicted in 'Heike Monogatari' (The Tale of the Heike [the Taira family]) and 'Genpei Seisui ki' (Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and the Taira clans), and he was known for the battle to get spearhead against Kagesue KAJIWARA on the Battle of Ujigawa (the Uji-gawa River).

慶長19年（1614年）からの大坂の役では荻野道喜と変名を用い大坂城に入城し豊臣氏に与して活躍した。
He entered the Osaka-jo Castle in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka) under a different name of Doki OGINO in 1614, and played an active role for the Toyotomi clan.

特に、応仁の乱での活躍はめざましく、『朝倉始末記』などによれば、京童から「朝倉の小天狗」と言われた。
He showed excellent performance on the Onin War, and according to'Asakura Shimatsuki,' he was called 'Kotengu (small tengu) of Asakura' by Kyowarabe (Kyoto's young people).

永正3年（1506年）に発生した永正の一向一揆では3,800の兵を率い、九頭竜川の戦いでも活躍した。
He showed great performances in the riot of Eisho that occurred in 1506 leading 3,800 soldiers, as well as in the Battle of Kuzuryugawa.

また、郷士の坂本龍馬など自ら制約の多い藩から脱藩して浪人になり自由な立場で活躍する者たちも多く出た。
As Ryoma SAKAMOTO, a goshi (generally meaning a low-status samurai living in a village), was, there were many 浪人 who severed their ties with domains full of restrictions and acted freely.

勘解由使は、受領の活躍が見られた平安末期ごろまで、監査機関としての機能を担い続けたと考えられている。
It is considered that Kageyushi continued to play a role in inspection until the end of the Heian period when Zuryo was active.

大きくて強力な後脚と長くて太い尾を持つオーストラリア・ニューギニア産の草食性で跳躍性の有袋動物類各種
any of several herbivorous leaping marsupials of Australia and New Guinea having large powerful hind legs and a long thick tail

このころに朝鮮通信使に関する国書の起草に関与しているが、以降朝鮮外交に関して幕府顧問となって活躍した。
At that time he drafted a manuscript for a diplomatic document concerning the Buddhist missionary to Korea, and later he participated as the advisor to the bakufu concerning diplomatic relations with Korea.

端溪の石が硯に使われるようになったのは唐からで、宋 (王朝)に量産されるようになって一躍有名になった。
The Duanshi ink stone has been used since the Tang period and became very populer when it was mass producted in the Song (Dynasty).

江戸時代には宗家が金春流の座付となったほか、一宗の二男が興した幸清五郎家も宝生流の座付として活躍した。
In the Edo period, the head family of the school belonged exclusively to the Konparu school, and furthermore, the Ko Seigoro family, which Kazumune's second son started, also flourished by performing exclusively for the Hosho school.

初代晃親王は、国事御用掛として幕末の政界で活躍し、明治維新後は、議定・外国事務総督などの要職を占めた。
The first family head, Imperial Prince Akira had a political career as a kokuji goyogakari (a general official of the Imperial Household in charge of State affairs) at the end of Edo period, and after the Meiji Restoration, he took important posts, such as gijo (official post) and ministerial governor of foreign affairs.

だが、その後の活躍はやはり兄雄の6代目の子孫とされている安倍晴明の活躍する平安中期にまで降ってしまう。
After that, no one was successful in history until ABE no Seimei, who was the sixth generation descendant of Anio, appears in the mid Heian period.

特に三条実美は、内閣総理大臣が置かれるまでの日本の首相にあたる右大臣や太政大臣の職をつとめて活躍した。
Sanetomi SANJO, in particular, played an active role in the government serving as Minister of the Right and Dajo Daijin that were equivalent of the Prime Minister of Japan in the days before that position became established.

承久の乱で幕府側として活躍した諏訪部助長は承久3年（1221年）に三刀屋郷の地頭職を与えられ下向した。
Sukenaga SUWABE, who worked hard in the Jokyu War on the side of the feudal government headed by a shogun, was hired as the manager and lord of manor in Mitoya-go district and travelled there in 1221.

陸上の武士のように、平安時代後期（古代末期）には海上で活動する軍事勢力「海賊」が活躍するようになった。
During the late Heian period (the end of ancient times), military forces like 'pirates' became active at sea, much like warriors on land.

周辺に優れた歌人が多く、1116年（永久 (元号)4年）の鳥羽殿北面歌合をはじめ歌会・歌合などで活躍。
Surrounded by a number of talented poets, he played an active role in many poetry gatherings and contests, including the Poetry Contest held at the North Wing of the imperial residence of Toba in 1116.

嘉永6年（1853年）、アメリカ合衆国のマシュー・ペリー艦隊来航に伴う江戸湾（東京湾）防備に活躍した。
In 1853, he took an active part in the defense of Edo Bay (Tokyo Bay) against Matthew PERRY's fleet from the United States of America.

これを聞いた氏郷は満身創痍となりながらも小田原の役で活躍し、見事馬印の使用を許されたという逸話が残る。
Ujisato worked outstandingly in the Siege of Odawara having wounds all over his body and succeeded in being allowed to use the uma-jirushi.

しかし将兵の信頼を得ていた能家の活躍により赤松勢の猛攻に耐え、やがて船坂峠の戦いで赤松勢を敗走させた。
However, Yoshiie actively worked to secure the trust of his soldiers and officers and as a result, they withstood the fierce attacks of the Akamatsu forces and at length, the Akamatsu forces took flight during the Battle of Funasakatoge.

官人としての麻呂の活躍は、早くも天武天皇の下で始まり、晩年に敗者側としては異例の高位にまで上りつめた。
He began his career as a government official under the Emperor Tenmu, and despite having lost in the battle, he remarkably rose to the eminent rank in his remaining years.

その後、東大寺少鎮・三綱のうちの寺主及び上座・造寺所知事などを歴任し、東大寺の実務面で大いに活躍した。
Subsequently, he successively held various posts at Todai-ji Temple, including jishu (literally, head priest, referring to director of the temple or abbot), joza (literally, elder or president, referring to an ecclesiastical official, one of the three officials who assumes leadership in the affairs of a monastery) and zojisho-chiji (literally, director of affairs of temple construction department) among Todaiji shochin and sanko (or sango, literally, the three bonds, referring to the directors of a monastery), thus playing an active part in handling practical business matters for the temple.

しかし、頼貞は存命で、その後の戦乱で活躍して美濃守護となっているので、『太平記』の記述には混乱がある。
Yorisada, however, was alive and became the shugo of Mino Province after being actively involved in later wars; hence, there is a confusion in the descriptions of 'Taiheiki.'

永瀬狂三（ながせきょうぞう、1877年 - 1955年1月21日）は、京都を中心に活躍した建築家。
Kyozo NAGASE (1877 - January 21, 1955) was an architect mostly active in Kyoto.

堀河院の歌壇で活躍し、1100年（康和2年）「源宰相中将家和歌合」を主催、また『堀河百首』を編纂した。
He exhibited his ability in poetry circles formed by Horikawain, sponsored 'Gensaishochujoke wakaawase,' and edited 'Horikawa hyakushu' (One hundred poems in the reign of the Emperor Horikawa).

越前守護斯波義敏と守護代甲斐常治との間に起こった長禄合戦や、応仁の乱などで兄英林孝景とともに活躍する。
He performed well on the battle of Choroku, which occurred between Echizen shugo, Yoshitoshi SHIBA and Shugodai (deputy of Shugo, provincial constable), Jochi KAI

一方で、大手スーパーマーケットで展開している安価な自社プライベートブランド商品の売れ行きが大きく躍進した
On the other hand, inexpensive own-brand products deployed in major super markets have made a big leap.

元来は禁裏に出仕した手猿楽の役者であったと思われるが、後に尾張藩に仕え、江戸時代は長らく同地で活躍した。
It is said that performers of this school were originally te-sarugaku (amateur Noh) performers who served at the Imperial Court, and then they served at the Owari Domain, where they had been active during the Edo period.

辰巳芸者（たつみげいしゃ）とは、江戸時代を中心に、江戸の深川（今の東京都深川区）で活躍した芸者衆のこと。
Tatsumi Geisha refers to professional female entertainers, who were particularly popular in Fukagawa in Edo (present-day Fukagawa, Tokyo) around the Edo period.

舞台演劇としては、三者三様のいでたちで盗賊として活躍するさまが、高い視覚的効果をあげていると評価される。
As a stage performance, the way three robbers behave and act differently is highly evaluated for its visual effect.

鎌倉時代の六波羅奉行人の系譜をひくと思われる粟飯原清胤が、室町幕府政所執事・引付奉行として活躍している。
Kiyotane AIHARA, who seems to be a descendant of Rokuhara bugyonin (magistrate in Rokuhara,) worked as 'Mandokoro Shitsuji' (chief of Mandokoro, the Administrative Board) and 'hikitsukebugyo' (a magistrate for court of justice) in the Muromachi bakuhu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun.)

その後毛利氏は豊臣氏の配下となり四国征伐、九州征伐、小田原の役などで活躍し、毛利輝元が五大老に就任する。
After that, the Mori clan became a subordinate of the Toyotomi clan and was actively involved in the Conquest of Shikoku, the Conquest of Kyushu and the Siege of Odawara, and Terumoto MORI assumed a position of as a member of Gotairo (Council of Five Elders).

南北朝時代 (日本)には小国政光が、天神山城 (越後国)を拠点に越後での南朝 (日本)方として活躍した。
During the Northern and Southern Courts period (Japan), Masamitsu OGUNI played an active role on the part of the Southern Court army in Echigo, based in Tenjinyama-jo Castle.

だが、彼の陰陽道・天文道における長期の活躍と長寿、安倍吉昌・安倍吉平の2人の男子に恵まれたことが大きい。
Regardless, as he played an active role in onmyodo and tenmondo for a long time, enjoyed longevity, and was blessed with two sons, ABE no Yoshimasa and ABE no Yoshihira, a good foundation was established for the family.

光信は陣屋や武家屋敷の建設に尽力し、幕府においても大坂城本丸普請や比叡山延暦寺の造営奉行として活躍した。
Mitsunobu made efforts in constructing jinya (regional government office) and samurai residence, and in the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), he also played an active role in constructing Honmaru (the keep of a castle) of Osaka-jo Castle and as Zoei Bugyo (Temple Administrator) of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei.

「寛平御時后宮歌合」「是貞親王家歌合」の作者として出詠するなど、「古今和歌集」成立直前の歌壇で活躍した。
He was active in waka circles just before the 'Kokin Wakashu' (Collection of Ancient and Modern Poems) was compiled, and composed poems at the 'Kanpyo no ontoki kisai no miya no uta-awase' (Poetry Contest Held by the Consort in the Kanpyo Era) and the 'Koresada Shinno-ke Uta-awase' (Poetry contest sponsored by the family of Imperial Prince Koresada).

経の奥書には、後に仏師として活躍することの知られる者を含む、名に「慶」字を用いる結縁者名が記されている。
The postscript of the Hokyekyo includes the names of several people with the Chinese character 'kei' in their names who helped produce it as part of their devotions (kechien), some of whom later became famous Buddhist ststue sculptors.

満範の活躍により、丹後の他、三河国なども治め、3ヶ国を有する有力守護大名となり、一色家の最盛期を築いた。
Mitsunori's success led him to rule over land such as Tango Province and Mikawa Province; he became a dominant Shugo Guardian Feudal Lord holding three provinces, and established the height of power for the Isshiki family.

しかし乱は陶弘護らの活躍により鎮圧されたため、弟の弘矩が武盛に代わって父の跡を継ぎ内藤家の当主となった。
Since the rebellion was subdued by the efforts of Hiromori SUE and others, Hironori succeeded to his father's position to become the head of the Naito family instead of Takemori, although Hironori was the younger brother of Takemori.

また、富田太郎（近重）自身の名も記されている事から承久の乱で幕府軍として参戦し、活躍したものと見られる。
Considering that the name 'Chikashige Taro TOMIDA' also appears in Azuma Kagami, it is believed that he played an active role in the Jokyu War as a member of the army of bakufu.

その年のうちに正三位となり、翌年には従二位参議そして中納言となって、一気に政界の中枢に躍り出たのである。
Within the same year, he was promoted to Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and, the following year, he was promoted to Junii (Junior Second Rank) and assumed the position of sangi (royal advisor) and chunagon leaping into the political center all of a sudden.

これを伝え聞いた今井は近藤・土方への恩義を強く感じ、鳥羽・伏見の戦いで奮戦して果てるまで活躍したという。
Having heard that story from others, IMAI felt strongly indebted to KONDO and HIJIKATA, and he fought to the death in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi.

犬王（いぬおう、生年不詳 - 応永20年（1413年））は観阿弥と同時期に活躍した近江猿楽日吉座の大夫。
Inuo (year of birth unknown - 1413) was the dayu (master) of Omi Sarugaku Hieza (Hie Guild of Sarugaku (comical mimicry and speech performance in Heian period) in Omi Province) that was active during the same period as Kanami.

スーパーモンキーズ、SPEED、知念里奈の活躍で、一躍芸能人養成プロダクション経営者として脚光を浴びる。
Thanks to the performance of Super Monkeys, SPEED, Rina CHINEN, he entered the limelight as the manager of a production for the training of entertainers.

当道の子の坂上好蔭は曾祖父の田村麻呂以来の東北経営に従事し、武人として活躍し従四位上、右近少将になった。
Masamichi's son SAKANOUE no Yoshikage was engaged in the management of the Tohoku region which had continued since the time of his grandfather Tamuramaro, and, making a spectacular showing as a warrior, became Jushiinojo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade) Ukon no shosho (Minor Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards).

時の権力者の影となり日なたとなり活躍したために出世したと言われている一方で、極めて謎の多い人物でもある。
It is said that Seimei achieved his successes by devoting himself to serving the powerful persons of the hour and, nevertheless, he was full of mystery.

さも道徳的に苦しんでいるかのような、苦悶の表情を浮かべてみせるのは、胸躍るゲームのようなところがあった。
and to feign the grimaces of moral anguish became a passionately engrossing game.

しかしその後も河越氏は依然として鎌倉幕府御家人の上位に位置し、室町時代に至るまで、有力武将として活躍した。
However, even after this time, the Kawagoe clan remained in top positions in the vassals of the Kamakura Shogunate and were active as powerful busho (Japanese military commander) until the Muromachi period.

池坊宣養を擁立した安立坊周玉らと対立し、晩年は尾張・江戸に下向したが、池坊の立花に押され活躍できなかった。
Antagonizing Shugyoku ANRYUBO and others, who supported Senyo IKENOBO, Nichiho went down to Owari and Edo and couldn't be active because of Ikenobo's tatebana.

南宋でも、『嘉泰普灯録』の編者、雷庵正受らが活躍したが、宗勢は振るわず、南宋末には系統が途絶えてしまった。
In the Southern Sung period, Raian Shoju, an editor of 'Katai Futo Roku' (the Chia-t'ai Comprehensive Record of the Lamp), and others flourished, but it had a small influence and finally disappeared at the end of the Southern Sung period.

それらのほとんどの曲には、同時代に活躍した八重崎検校（1776年 - 1848年）が箏のパートを作曲した。
For most such pieces, Kengyo Yaezaki (1776 - 1848), who was successful during the same period, wrote the so (koto) parts.

近世箏曲は、戦国末期から江戸時代はじめにかけて活躍した賢順が完成した「筑紫箏」（つくしごと）を始祖とする。
Modern Sokyoku began with 'Tsukushi goto' (a type of solo koto music) which was completed by Kenjun, a musician who was active from the end of Sengoku (Warring states) period to the beginning of the Edo periods.

1972年（昭和45年）には、テレビラジオのレギュラー番組にひっぱりだこで、一躍スターダムにのしあがった。
In 1972 he regularly appeared on almost every TV and radio show, rapidly rising to stardom.

ジェロの活躍ぶりに感化され、かつてインド人演歌歌手として活躍していたチャダも再来日し、音楽活動を再開した。
Chadha who was once an Indian enka singer came to Japan again to resume his music career, inspired by JERO's success.

後に戦国大名や武将として活躍した一族はほとんどがこの時代に地方へと下向している（例毛利氏、吉川氏など）。
Most of the clans, who later accomplished territorial lords during the period of Warring States and warlords, went down to the provinces during this period (for example, the Mori clan and the Yoshikawa clan).

幕末に活躍した人びとには、勤皇方、幕府方を問わず、下級藩士・郷士・町人など軽輩階層出身者であった者が多い。
Many of people who played active roles at the end of the Edo period, whether pro-imperial or pro-shogunate, came from these derogatory class such as lower-rank samurai, country samurai, merchants.

『古事記』や『日本書紀』では神功皇后の三韓征伐などで活躍した武内宿禰（たけしうちのすくね）を祖としている。
According to 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) and 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), the Soga clan descended from TAKESHIUCHI no Sukune who achieved great success in the Sankan Seibatsu (Punitive Expeditions Against the Three Korean Kingdoms) led by Empress Jingu.

『愚管抄』で「小男」とされるのは、父為義の言葉であるから謙遜としても、具体的な活躍の場面は残されていない。
He is described as 'a small man' in 'Gukansho,' although such a description would be based on his father Tameyoshi's humble words, and there is no explicit article to describe his performance in battle.

連歌師でもあった西山宗因のほか、浮世草子作者でもある井原西鶴、京の菅野谷高政、江戸の田代松意らが活躍した。
Soin NISHIYAMA, who also wrote Renga (linked verse), Saikaku IHARA, who also wrote Ukiyo Zoshi (stories of the floating world), Takamasa SUGANOYA of Kyo (Kyoto), Shoi TASHIRO of Edo and others actively participated.

伊藤内閣のもとで日清戦争が起こったが、特に活躍することなく、明治28年（1895年）に枢密院議長となった。
The Sino-Japanese war broke out under the Ito Cabinet, but Kuroda did not play a particularly important role, and he became a Chairman of the Privy Council in 1895.

日本放送協会の大河ドラマ・『新選組!』では、松本をモデルとした、中村獅童 (2代目)演じる滝本捨助が活躍。
In Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)'s period drama 'Shinsengumi!,' Sutesuke TAKIMOTO performed by Shido NAKAMURA (the second), a personality modeled on Matsumoto, played an active part.

九州探題として今川貞世（了俊）が新たに赴任されて来ると、前頼は了俊に従って北朝 (日本)方として活躍した。
When Sadayo IMAGAWA (Ryoshun) came as a new Kyushu Tandai (local commissioner), Sakiyori followed Ryoshun and played an active role for the Northern Court side.

672年の壬申の乱で大海人皇子（天武天皇）の側にたって活躍し、天武天皇、持統天皇、文武天皇の3代に仕えた。
He served Oama no Miko (Emperor Tenmu) in the Jinshin War in 672 and served three emperors, Tenmu, Jito and Monmu.

壬申の乱の戦域は大別して近江と倭（大和）の二つあり、吹負はその一方の主将として活躍し、大きな功績を立てた。
The main battlefield of the Jinshin War was Omi and Yamato, and Fukei produced a great achievement as the main general fighting at one of the large battlefields.

『源平盛衰記』では兄盛政と共に義経四天王の1人として活躍し、屋島の戦いにて、射落畠で平教経と戦い討死する。
He fought successfully in 'Genpei Seisuiki' (Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and the Taira clans) as one of the Four Great Retainers of MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, along with his brother Morimasa, and in the Battle of Yashima, he fought against TAIRA no Noritsune at Ichiobata and was killed.

葛城円（かつらぎのつぶら、生年不詳 - 安康天皇3年（456年））、紀元5世紀ごろに活躍した葛城氏の豪族。
KATSURAGI no Tsubura (year of birth unknown - 456) was a member of local ruling family belonging to the Katsuragi clan that was active in around the fifth century A.D.

6世紀から7世紀に伴造として活躍した豪族膳氏の出身で、膳傾子（加多夫子とも、かしわでのおみかたぶこ）の娘。
She was from the Kashiwade clan, powerful family of tomonomiyatsuko (chiefs of various departments at the Imperial Court) from sixth to seventh century, and a daughter of KASHIWADE no Omi Katabuko (傾子, also written as 加多夫子).

実業界では京都商工クラブ会長に就任した他、寺社関係において鞍馬寺、知恩院、泉涌寺、妙心寺の総代として活躍。
Besides serving the business world in roles such as Chairperson of the Kyoto Commerce and Industry Club, he played an active role in religious matters as a representative of Kurama-dera Temple, Chion-in Temple, Sennyu-ji Temple, and Myoshin-ji Temple.

押田氏は鎌倉時代以降、千葉氏の家老として活躍し、しばしば主家の姫と婚姻して千葉氏の一門並の待遇を許される。
From the Kamakura era onwards, the Oshida clan served the Chiba clan as chief retainers and, again and again intermarried with their masters' daughters, leading to their inclusion and treatment as if they were clan members.

豊臣秀吉がまだ近江国長浜城 (近江国)主だった頃に直参の黄母衣衆、のちに大母衣衆となり活躍した記録がある。
One record states that during the time Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI was the lord of Nagahama-jo Castle (Omi Province), Shigekatsu, who served directly under Hideyoshi, was outstanding as kihoroshu and then moved up to ohoroshu.

信仰厚い仏教であったが、今はの際まで現実社会で活躍することを好み、その死に臨んでも出家することはなかった。
While he was a devout Buddhist, he preferred to be active in the secular world until his death, refusing to become a priest even on the verge of death.

その後は後白河法皇の側近として活躍して権大納言となり、内大臣を経て1177年には従一位太政大臣に昇進する。
He later participated as a close servant to the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa and became a Gon dainagon (Provisional Major Councilor), working as Naidaijin (Great Minister of the Centre), and was promoted to Daijodaijin, who had a Juichii rank (Junior First Rank) in 1177.

また医師でありながら秀吉側近としても活躍し、伊達政宗・佐竹義重 (十八代当主)との交渉役などを務めている。
He was a doctor but, he also served Hideyoshi as his aide and acted as a negotiator with Masamune DATE and Yoshishige SATAKE (the 18th family head).

京都では、正治2年（1200年）頃から御家人としての活躍が記録され、盗賊との追捕や幕府との連絡係を務めた。
There were some documents showing that he had worked very well as Gokenin in Kyoto since about 1200, serving as Tsuibu (officer of Police and Judicial Chief) and corresponding secretary between imperial court and the bakufu.

後に宝塚歌劇の演出家となる岸田辰弥、舞踊家として海外で活躍することになる伊藤道郎、画家の木村荘八らが参加。
The group had other members including Tatsuya KISHIDA who became a producer in Takarazuka Revue Company later, Michiro ITO who became a famous dancer abroad, and Sohachi KIMURA an artist.

娘の春澄洽子は、後に父と同じ従三位に叙せられて掌侍・典侍を務め、藤原温子（宇多天皇女御）の側近として活躍。
His daughter, HARUSUMI no Amaneiko, on the other hand, was appointed to Jusanmi like her father, served as Naishi no jo (a woman officer who carries the Emperor's sword when he goes out) and Naishi no suke (a court lady of the first rank), and served as a close aide to FUJIWARA no Onshi (the Emperor Uda's wife).

まるまるとした肢体に似ぬ精悍さで、山崎進蔵（河野秋武）、市川扇升とともに前進座の若手三羽烏として活躍する。
He performed briskly for a person having a body of larger body and did excellent jobs as one of Zenshinza's young trio along with Shinzo YAMAZAKI (Akitake KONO) and Sensho ICHIKAWA.

更に頼朝が二品右大将となって政所を開設してからは、その別当として朝廷との交渉その他に実務家として活躍する。
What's more, after Yoritomo established Administrative Borad as the second court rank, Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards, he was active as a chief officer to carry out negotiations with the imperial court and to handle other affairs as a practician.

さらに沼田城も攻略し城代となり、北条氏邦の侵攻を受けるが、上杉景勝の援軍を得てこれを撃退するなど活躍した。
He later captured Numata-jo Castle and became its Keeper, and when the Castle was attacked by Ujikuni HOJO, he performed brilliantly in repelling the attack with the help of a relief army from Kagekatsu UESUGI.

京都所司代在任中には先例を破り処分を受けることもあったが、後桜町天皇即位の祭礼を取りまとめるなど活躍する。
While holding the office of Kyoto Shoshidai, he was sometimes punished due to breaking with precedent, but was actively involved in arranging the rites and festivals for enthronement of the Empress Gosakuramachi, and so on.

一方で雑訴決断所（五畿内担当）、窪所、記録所、恩賞方を兼任し、新政の役職の中枢を占める幹部として活躍した。
Meanwhile, he concurrently served as Zasso-Ketsudansho (agency of Kenmu government to file lawsuits) (in charge of Gokinai capital region), Kubodokoro (a court of justice), Kirokujo (land record office) and Onshogata (the Reward Office which was the administrative organ of the Kenmu Restoration, responsible for granting military awards called 'onsho'), and played an important role as the top official of the Restoration.

西園寺の取り立てで貴族院議員として活躍する一方、西園寺の意思を引き継いで発展した立命館大学の運営にも尽力。
He served as a politician in the Kizokuin (House of Peers) on the recommendation of SAIONJI (Kinmochi), and inherited SAIONJI's passion, which was to ensure the management and growth of Ritsumeikan University.

この人物は物部系の人物（元の名は物部興久）であり、彼の活躍の時期は『先代旧事本紀』の成立期と重なっている。
OKIHARA no Miniku belonged to the Mononobe clan (his original name was MONONOBE no Okihisa), and he was most active during the period when the 'Sendai Kujihongi' was written.

寝巻のまま宿直部屋を飛び出して、楷子段（はしごだん）を三股半（みまたはん）に二階まで躍（おど）り上がった。
I ran out of the room in my night shirt, and flew upstairs in three and half steps.

建武の新政では罪を赦され法勝寺に戻り東大寺大勧進職に任じられたが、南北朝が分裂すると北朝側について活躍した。
During the Kenmu Restoration, he was pardoned, allowed to return to Hossho-ji Temple and appointed Daikanjin (position in charge of collecting donations for the temple) of Todai-ji Temple but worked for the Northern Court after the imperial line split into the Northern and Southern Courts.

吉田氏は主家の六角氏と同じ近江源氏（佐々木氏）の一族で、源頼朝に従って活躍した佐々木定綱らの弟厳秀に始まる。
Like the Rokkaku clan, which is the main family, the Yoshida clan is a clan of Omi-Genji (the Minamoto clan) (the Sasaki clan); it starts from Genshu, the younger brother of Sadatsuna SASAKI, who was following MINAMOTO no Yoritomo taking an active part.

東京では前述の千太・万吉、獅子てんや・瀬戸わんや、コロムビア・トップ・ライトなどがラジオ・テレビで活躍した。
In Tokyo, the duos of Senta and Mankichi who were described earlier, Tenya SHISHI and Wanya SETO, and Toppu and Raito COLUMBIA were also active on television and radio shows.

今後の課題としては、J1での活躍は勿論の事、クラブとしてだけでなく、地元・京都との関係の再構築が挙げられる。
As for the problems to be solved from now on, to say nothing of doing a good job in J1, it can be pointed out that the club should reconstruct not only the club itself but also the relation to the hometown Kyoto.

クリスティーヌが脚光を浴びるきっかけを作ったり、ラウル子爵にファントムの正体を教えたりと要所要所で活躍する。
She takes an active part in various key points, such as creating the chance that leads to Christine gaining fame, and telling Raoul, Viscount de Chagny, of the true identity of the Phantom.

この乱では斎藤妙椿が活躍、美濃の東軍方（富島氏）を駆逐し、更に公家の荘園や国衙領を盛んに押領して国内を制圧。
In this war, Myochin SAITO played an important role by banishing East squad (the Tomishima clan) in Mino Province, and conquered the province by actively seizing Shoen (manor) possessed by Kuge (court nobles) and Kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office).

菅坂バイパスの開通により、冬期の通行規制が飛躍的に緩和され、両都市間の交流が更に促進されることが期待される。
Sugasaka Bypass is expected to promote exchanges between the two cities, by alleviating the conventional traffic regulations in winter drastically.

中でも赤尾伊豆・山田大炊の活躍はめざましく、精兵500を率いて城外の大軍へ討って出、存分に暴れ回ったという。
People who took an especially active role included Akao Izu no kami and Oi YAMADA, who are said to have sallied forth from the castle with 500 elite warriors and stormed their enemy.

これと、躍りかかってきた小蛇をとらえ、一緒に鉢に封じ、袈裟でこれをくるんで封じ、これを寺に埋めて蛇塚とした。
He catches the serpent and a little snake jumping toward him, places them a bowl, wraps up it with his stole, buries it in the ground of the temple and makes a serpent mound.

そして太正15年（1926年）島木赤彦の没後はアララギの編集を担い、中心人物として昭和初期にかけて活躍する。
After the death of Akahiko SHIMAGI in 1926, Mokichi took over the helm as editor and led the Araragi until the early Showa period.

大村は戊辰戦争で参謀として活躍した「門弟」である山田顕義を兵部大丞に推薦し、彼に下士官候補の選出を委任した。
Omura recommended Akiyoshi YAMADA, a 'student' of Omura who had been a staff officer in the Boshin War, as hyobu taijo (rank of major) and asked him to choose candidates for non-commissioned officer positions.

その後、江戸の様々な年代で千葉真一扮する伊賀の頭領（名前は半蔵など）が活躍するという内容でシリーズ化された。
This TV program was later made into a series, in which an Iga leader (often but not always named Hanzo) was actively involved in various incidents that took place during the Edo Period (the role was played by Shinichi CHIBA).

結城朝光（ゆうきともみつ）は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代前半にかけて活躍した武将で、鎌倉幕府の有力御家人。
Tomomitsu YUKI was a Japanese samurai commander who had flourished from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period; he was an influential vassal of Kamakura bakufu (Japanese military government headed by a shogun based in Kamakura).

また、戦国時代に活躍した徳川家康の家臣永井直勝は末裔で、長田の姓を嫌った家康の命により永井と改名したという。
Incidentally, Naokatsu NAGAI who actively worked as a retainer of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in the Sengoku period (the period of warring states) was a descendent of Tadamune OSADA, and it is said that he changed his surname to NAGAI on the order of Ieyasu who hated his original surname, OSADA.

大坂夏の陣の天王寺・岡山の戦いなどで大いに活躍し、紀州一揆を煽動することによって旧主浅野氏を混乱させている。
He gave distinguished service in the Battle of Tenoji-Temple, Okayama in the Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka), and by stirring up the uprise of Kishu Province, he created a chaos for the former lord, Asano clan.

近江毛野（おうみのけぬ、生年不詳 - 継体天皇24年（530年））は、継体天皇朝で活躍した豪族、将軍。
OMI no Kenu (year of birth unknown - 530) was Gozoku (local ruling family) and Shogun active in the court of Emperor Keitai.

広島県の裕福な農家に生まれ慶應義塾で学んだ後、東京高等商業学校（現・一橋大学）に入学しボート選手として活躍。
He was born into a rich farming family, and after studying at Keio Gijuku, he entered Tokyo Higher Commercial School (now known as Hitotsubashi University) where he became the outstanding boat racer.

淳和天皇の即位後は都に呼び戻されて側近として活躍し、天長3年（825年）に蔵人頭となって天皇の政策を助けた。
After enthronement of the Emperor Junna, he was called back to the capital and worked actively as a close aide to the Emperor Junna and, in 825, he was appointed to the kurodo no to (chief official of the emperor's secretaries) and helped the Emperor Junna in executing his policies.

永延元年（987年）には右少弁→右中弁と弁官の要員に抜擢され、同僚の藤原有国と共に兼家の耳目として活躍する。
In 987, he was chosen as Ushoben (Minor Controller of the Right), and then Uchuben (Middle Controller of the Right), both the staff of Benkan (Oversight Department: division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial government offices), thereby working with his colleague FUJIWARA no Arikuni as Kaneie's eyes and ears.

経兼・経見父子はその活躍により、南朝の後村上天皇により経兼は駿河権守、経見は左衛門尉の官位を与えられている。
The father and son of Tsunekane and Tsunemi were designated to Gonnokami of Suruga Province and Saemon no jo (third-ranked officer of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards) respectively due to the deserters at the battles by the Emperor Gomurakami of the Southern Court.

第一線で活躍することがなくなるのは慶応3年（1867年）以降で、鳥羽伏見の戦いは参戦できず大阪に護送される。
He was active on the front lines until 1867, after which, unable to take part in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he was escorted to Osaka.

その一方で、日活時代の後期は急速な衰えを見せて企画も会社お仕着せばかりになり、飛躍の機会を失ったと言われる。
On the other hand, it is said that he rapidly became weak in his later years at Nikkatsu, only joining the projects when asked by company and lost the chance to make rapid progress.

6月には朝鮮南部の拠点である晋州城を攻略し（第二次晋州城攻防戦)、長政配下の後藤又兵衛が先陣争いで活躍した。
In June and July, they conquered Jinju Castle, the stronghold in southern Korea (the Second Siege of Jinju), and Matabee GOTO played an active role in the fight for the vanguard under Nagamasa's command.

8月、織田家家老　林秀貞、柴田勝家らが織田信行を奉じて信長に反旗、稲生の戦いで林隊に斬り込み獅子奮迅の活躍。
In September, Hidesada HAYASHI and Katsuie SHIBATA, both senior retainers of the Oda clan, and others rebelled against Nobunaga and switched their allegiance to Nobuyuki ODA; during the Battle of Inou, Yoshinari was very active, leading a furious assault on Hayashi's forces.

文禄元年（1592年）から始まった朝鮮出兵においても後方兵站の補給役を務め、晩年の秀吉の側近として活躍した。
Upon the start of Japan's invasion of Korea in 1592, he served as a provider of logistical support and was active as a close adviser to Hideyoshi in his later years.

毛利重能（もうりしげよし、生没年不詳）は江戸時代前期に活躍した和算家で、現在知られている中では最も古い。
Shigeyoshi MORI (year of birth and death unknown) was a Wasanka (mathematician) who was active in the early Edo period and the earliest known mathematician so far.

――ところでこれからお話しようと思っている事件については、実はホームズはそれほど充分に活躍してはいないのだ。
It may be that in the business of which I am now about to write the part which my friend played is not sufficiently accentuated;

穴太衆（あのうしゅう）は、織豊時代（安土桃山時代）に活躍した、主に寺院や城郭などの石垣施工を行った技術者集団。
The Ano-shu Guild is a group of craftspeople who installed stone walls, mainly of temples and castles during the Shokuho era (Azuchi-Momoyama Period).

後に二代目陶作の頃、小堀遠江守政一（小堀遠州）が朝日焼を庇護、そして指導したため、名を一躍高めることとなった。
Subsequently, the second generation Tosaku has boosted the reputation of Asahi yaki under the protection and guidance of Totoumi no kami (the Governor of Totoumi Province), Masaichi KOBORI (also known as Enshu KOBORI).

澤村宗十郎 (7代目)の芸を受け継ぐ女形として活躍するほか、横綱審議委員会の委員の一人としても名を連ねている。
Other than being active as an actor playing female roles that succeeds the art of Sojuro SAWAMURA VII, he is among the members of Yokozuna Promotion [Deliberation] Council.

義種は小侍所の頭人に任じられるなど幕府の中枢で活躍し、また若狭、加賀の各守護にも補任される有力な大名であった。
Yoshitane actively worked in the center of Bakufu like being appointed as the head of Kozamurai dokoro (an office of officers to guard Shogun in attendance), and was such an influential Daimyo as to be appointed as Shugo (provincial constable) of Wakasa Province and also Kaga Province.

新田軍は箱根・竹ノ下の戦いでは敗北し尊氏らは京都へ入るが、やがて陸奥国から下った北畠軍の活躍もあり駆逐された。
But the NITTA army was defeated in the battles of Takenoshita in Hakone, and Takauji's forces entered Kyoto; Takauji was finally driven from the city later through the efforts of the KITABATAKE army, which had marched down from Mutsu Province.

戦国時代 (日本)になると守護京極氏の所領を奪った尼子氏とは対立関係となり、尼子経久追放の中心として活躍した。
During the period of warring states, the provincial constable Kyogoku clan was taken over its manor by the Amago clan which clashed with the Misawa clan by playing an active and central role in deporting Tsunehisa AMAGO.

堺は、赤旗を持っていた数名は目立たぬように旗を巻いて帰路に就こうとしたのに、躍り出た警官が暴力に訴えたと主張。
SAKAI insisted that his several comrades who carried red flags were simply on their way home with the flags rolled up in order to make them inconspicuous when the policemen jumped onto them and turned to violence.

作家などは身分が低く人生の辛酸を舐め、十分に老成した人間でなければ早雲のような活躍はできまいと長年論じてきた。
Some writers have long argued that only a fully mature man who had been born low and had lived a hard life would be able to win the success that Soun did.

慶長5年（1600年）の関ヶ原の戦いでは家康本軍に従軍し、諸大名に書状を送って東軍方につける工作にも活躍した。
At the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Tadakatsu was part of Ieyasu's main troop and engaged in an operation to send letters to territorial lords to have them take sides with the Eastern Army.

姉川の浅井攻めでは浅井助七郎なる者を討ち取るなどの活躍をみせ信長から「今にはじまらず比類なき槍」と賞賛された。
In the attack on Asai at the Ane-gawa River, he did a very good job such as killing a samurai named Sukeshichiro ASAI and others, so he was praised by Nobunaga saying, 'Toshiie's spear is as matchless as ever.'

狩野氏は古代から小田原征伐にいたるまで武家として活躍し、末裔が現代まで伊豆に多数残り、伊豆名門の一つである。
The Kano clan flourished from the Nara period to the conquest of Odawara as samurai family, and was one of the good families of Izu, and their descendants are still living in Izu at the present day.

672年の壬申の乱で赤兄の活躍は特に伝えられないが、近江朝廷の最高位の臣下として大友皇子を補佐したと思われる。
There is little information about Akae's success in the Jinshin War in 672, but it seems that he supported Prince Otomo as the court in the highest position of the Omi court.

幕末維新期の兼寛は西郷隆盛・西郷従道兄弟や大久保利通らとの関係が深く薩摩藩きっての行動派の一人として活躍する。
During the Restoration period at the end of the Edo period, he had a strong relationship with Saigo brothers (Takamori SAIGO and Tsugumichi SAIGO) and Toshimichi OKUBO, and came to the fore as one of the most active warriors in the Satsuma Domain.

織田信長の家臣・丹羽長秀に与力として仕え、姉川の戦いなどで活躍し、豊臣秀吉から冷静沈着な戦いぶりを賞賛された。
Serving Nagahide NIWA, a vassal of Nobunaga ODA, as a yoriki (mounted warrior belonging to a general in the Sengoku period), he played an active role in the battles such as the Battle of Anegawa and so on, and was praised by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI for his level and calm activities.

藩主島津斉彬の藩政改革のもと、大坂藩邸留守居役など、諸藩の志士との交流を重ね、若手改革派の一人として活躍する。
During reformation of domain duties by Nariakira SHIMAZU, lord of the domain, Tomozane forged close ties with royalists of other domains, as a rusuiyaku (a person representing the master during his absence) of Ozaka hantei (a residence of the domain in Ozaka [Osaka] maintained by daimyo), thus playing an active role as a younger reformist.

結果として武田の北進を阻み、北条の躍進を停滞させるなど、国防に成功したものの、侵略の成果は乏しいものとなった。
Even though he eventually succeeded in defending his provision by interrupting Takeda proceeding into the north and holding up Hojo's breakthrough, the results Kenshin obtained from the invasion were poor.

明智光秀の配下として丹波国攻略やその他の戦役に活躍し、若いが明智家中では斎藤利三と並ぶ戦巧者として名を馳せた。
Under Mitsuhide AKECHI, he played an active role in campaigns such as the capture of Tanba Province and won fame within the Akechi family as a young yet distinguished warrior, comparable to Toshimitsu SAITO.

翌年、承久の乱が起こると鎌倉方に属し活躍したが、6月14日淀川における合戦の際、急流のため渡河に失敗して死去。
In the following year, he supported the Kamakura (Minamoto) side in the Jokyu War, but died on July 22 in the battle in Yodo-gawa River due to a failure of crossing the river caused by the rapid stream.

城郭においては、多門櫓と称す長屋を塁上に造り、防衛の建物として威力を発揮しながら一般の住宅としても活躍していた。
In castles, a nagaya called the Tamon-yagura (turret) was built on a mound and was used as ordinary residential houses while effectively serving as a point of defense.

秀峰尤奇（しゅうほうゆうき ? - 1372年8月）は、南北朝時代 (日本)に活躍した東福寺栗棘派の禅僧である。
Yuki SHUHO (the date of birth unknown - August 1372) was a Zen priest of the Rikkyoku school of Tofuku-ji Temple who was active during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).

楽曲としての高度に発達を遂げて飛躍的な発展の余地が少ないと思われた地歌から、まだ発展の余地のある箏に眼を向けた。
He turned to so, which still had room for improvement, as opposed to jiuta, which had little room for dramatic development because it was already highly refined as a form of musical composition.

その後、地元京都出身の柱谷幸一を監督に迎えるも、黒部が怪我がちで満足に活躍できなかったこともあり5位に終わった。
Then, the club invited Koichi HASHIRATANI as manager and whose hometown was Kyoto like the club, but partly because KUROBE got injured too often to do a very good job satisfactorily, the team finished fifth in the end.

一時紀州藩徳川頼宣に仕えたが、後に徳川秀忠の命によって幕府御用となり、江戸時代には観世流の座付きとして活躍した。
The school once served for Yorinobu TOKUGAWA of Kishu Domain, but it later became the official performers for bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) at the behest of Hidetada TOKUGAWA and actively performed as the accompanist of Kanze school during the Edo period.

偶然にもこの日はNHKの収録の当日で、この山川の活躍の一部始終はNHKレコードライブラリーの中に保存されている。
By accident, NHK was recording the performance, so the complete Yamakawa chari has been kept in NHK record library as well.

孫一が歴史から名を消した後、豊臣家の鉄砲頭として孫一の兄弟とも子ともいわれる鈴木重朝の活躍が見られるようになる。
After Magoichi's name disappeared from history, Shigetomo SUZUKI, who is said to have been either Magoichi's brother or son and served as a head of the artillery for the Toyotomi family as well, began to show active performance.

吉見頼興は足利義稙と足利義澄による家督争いにおいては義稙方である大内義興に従い、京都船岡山合戦において活躍した。
At the fight over the status of the head of the family between Yoshitane ASHIKAGA and Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA, Yorinori YOSHIMI followed Yoshioki OUCHI and fought hard at the Battle of Funaokayama, Kyoto.

陸上交通では馬借、車借などの陸上輸送業者、海上交通では廻船を用いて輸送や委託販売を行う中継業者の問丸が活躍する。
Land-based trade relied on ground transportation traders like bashaku (who used packhorses) and shashaku (who used carriages), while sea-based trade was dependent on monmaru (shipping agents), relay traders who utilized light trading vessels to transport goods or items sold via consignment.

その評価は日清戦争・日露戦争における勝利により飛躍的に高まり、諸外国からも感嘆・驚異の目で見られるようになった。
Public estimation of the reforms improved rapidly after the victory of the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese war, and foreign countries looked at Japan in wonder and admiration.

とすれば、表面的に北条氏の活躍が目立つものの、実際は東国有力御家人の諒解のもとにこの事件は進行したと考えられる。
If so, although the action by the Hojo clan is seemingly notable, the incident can be considered to have developed with the agreement of the senior vassals in the togoku.

その一人である第13代藩主・植村家保は大坂近海の防衛や天誅組の乱鎮圧などで功績を挙げ、京都守備などでも活躍した。
One of them, Iemori UEMURA, the 13th lord of the domain, rendered distinguished services in defense of the seas around Osaka, suppression of Tenchu-gumi Incident, etc., as well as serving as a guard in Kyoto.

桶狭間の戦い、美濃攻略などで戦い、元亀元年（1570年）、浅井氏・朝倉氏との姉川の戦いで活躍し、犬山城主となる。
He participated in the Battle of Okehazama and the capture of Mino, and in 1570 he actively fought against the Azai and Asakura clans in the Battle of the Anegawa and became the Lord of Inuyama-jo Castle.

帰国後10年間、1898年に共に来日した経験のあるセルギイ・ストラゴロツキイと共にロシア正教会の中枢で活躍した。
For ten years after returning to Russia, Andronic had a leadership role in the Russian Orthodox Church, along with Sergius STRAGORODSKY, who was also part of the 1898 mission to Japan that Andronic had joined.

その後の広の活躍は不明だが、乱の後、80戸の封を与えられた（『続日本紀』大宝元年 (701年) 7月21日条）。
Although it is unknown what happened to him afterward, it is said that he was given the property with 80 households after the war on July 21, 701 ('Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued)).

明治11年（1878年）海軍軍医に転じ、軍艦「鳳翔 (砲艦)」軍医として韓国に派遣され、韓国人の診療に活躍した。
In 1878 he became medical officer of the navy and was sent to Korea on the warship (gunboat) 'Hosho'; he did an excellent job in treating Koreans.

1966年（昭和41年）には、真宗大谷派東京別院東京本願寺の住職に就任し、ニューリーダーとして期待され活躍する。
In 1966, he assumed the post of the chief priest of the Shinshu sect, Otani school Tokyo Branch Temple of the Tokyo Hongan-ji Temple, with much expected of him as the new leader.

祖父長近、父可重らと同じく茶道に秀でていたこともあり、公家との交友を深めながら、やがて茶人として活躍をはじめる。
Since he was excellent in tea ceremony like his grandfather Nagachika and his father Arishige, he came to have close relationships with court nobles and act as a master of tea ceremony.

この時期の著名な悪党が、12世紀から14世紀にかけて東大寺領黒田荘（伊賀国）で活躍した「黒田悪党」大江氏である。
A prominent akuto from this period was the Oe clan, 'Kuroda akuto,' who was successful in the Kuroda no sho (Iga Province), a territory of Todai-ji Temple, from the 12th to 14th century.

ただし襲名を契機にさらなる飛躍を期待するという意味で、血縁者に実力以上の名跡を継がせるということもしばしばある。
However, blood relatives are often permitted to inherit Myoseki name/titles even though the candidate has not attained set skill levels, in the expectation that the inheritance will spur the candidate on to further develop their artistic proficiency.

観客席のざわめきがどよめきにまで高まった時フィッツパトリック氏が部屋に躍りこみ、息を切らしたホラハン氏が続いた。
The noise in the auditorium had risen to a clamour when Mr. Fitzpatrick burst into the room, followed by Mr. Holohan who was panting.

十一代目片岡仁左衛門、二代目實川延若といった有能なライバルは冷遇され、東京に活躍の場を移していかざるを得なくなる。
Capable rivals such as Nizaemon KATAOKA XI and Enjaku JITSUKAWA II were treated coldly and forced to shift their field of activity to Tokyo.

その後、水藤錦穣と同じく錦心流から出た鶴田錦史が五弦五柱をさらに改良すると共に、音楽的にも新しい分野へ飛躍させた。
After that, Kinshi TSURUTA who also came from the Kinshin-ryu, same as Kinjo SUITO, added refinements to the five-string five-fret biwa and made a leap forward into a new musical field.

石川勾当（いしかわこうとう、生没年不詳）は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家（地歌三味線演奏家、作曲家）。
Koto ISHIKAWA (year of birth unknown) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).

万蔵家当主としての活躍の他に、イベントのプロデューサー才能を発揮し、総合芸術家として『TMDネットワーク』を主催。
Besides the work as the head of the Manzo family, he showed his ability to produce events and promoted 'TMD Network' (project organization) as a comprehensive artist.

代々金春座の座付として一族内で世襲し、二世金春勝国（豊氏の甥にあたる）は「吉備津宮」など謡曲作者としても活躍した。
The headship, as a drummer attached to the Konparu troupe, was handed down in the family from generation to generation, and the second head Katsukuni KONPARU (the nephew of Toyouji) also did a good job as a playwright, with works such as 'Kibistu no miya.'

若年時上方を中心に活躍した際には、坂田藤十郎 (4代目)とともに、その美貌から「扇鶴コンビ」と呼ばれ人気を博した。
When he was performing actively mainly in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka) at a younger age, he was called 'Senkaku duo' along with Tojuro SAKATA for their beauty, and won immense popularity.

米百俵（こめひゃっぴょう）は、幕末から明治初期にかけて活躍した越後長岡藩の藩士小林虎三郎による教育にまつわる故事。
Komehyappyo (a hundred straw rice bags) is a historical episode regarding the education by Torasaburo KOBAYASHI, a vassal of Nagaoka Domain Echigo Province, who was active from the end of Edo period through until the early Meiji period.

その後は光明皇太后の大葬などの遂行に活躍して、藤原仲麻呂の信任を得て何事もなかったかのように昇進するようになった。
Afterward, he won the confidence of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro by working hard in events including the Imperial funeral for Empress Dowager Komyo, and came to be promoted as if nothing had happened.

祐長は信玄の為に大いに活躍し、虎資の死後途絶えていた甲斐の名跡内藤氏の名乗りを与えられて「内藤昌豊」と名を改めた。
Sukenaga worked so earnestly for Shingen that he was allowed to use the name of the Naito clan, the distinguished family in Kai, which had been discontinued since Toramoto's death, and subsequently changed his name to 'Masatoyo NAITO.'

元木泰雄は、こうした中で義仲が目覚しい活躍をみせたことは、頼朝政権が崩壊する可能性さえもたらしかねなかったとする。
Yoshinaka's enormously energetic activities in this situation could have created the potential for the collapse of the Yoritomo government, according to Yasuo MOTOKI.

秋田蘭画を広く世に紹介した人物として、直武と同郷の日本画家で明治末年頃から昭和初期にかけて活躍した平福百穂がいる。
The person to bring Akita Ranga to a wide audience was Hyakusui HIRAFUKU, who was a Japanese-style painter from the same prefecture as Naotake and had great success from the end of the Meiji period to the early Showa period.

そこで、それまでの「栄光ある孤立」政策を捨て、まずドイツとの交渉を試み、その後義和団事変で活躍した日本に接近した。
Therefore Britain dismissed their conventional policy of 'splendid isolation' and tried to negotiate with Germany first, and then approached Japan which had played a lively part in the Boxer Uprising.

紅葉の中見事に舞を終えた翌日、源氏はそれとは解らぬように藤壺に文を送ったところ、思いがけず返事が届き胸を躍らせた。
The following day of Genji's splendid dancing under the trees with colored leaves of autumn, he sent a letter to Fujitsubo secretly, then got excited to hear from her unexpectedly.

家臣の中には久政の弱腰な政策に反発する者も多く、また先代に活躍した武将も世代交代という名目で低い扱いを受けていた。
Many vassals protested against Hisamasa's passive policies, and even busho who had performed brilliantly during the time of the previous generation were not treated well under the pretext of the need for generational change.

明治9年（1876年）には福岡県で興行を行っていた際に秋月の乱に遭遇し、力士と反乱氏族の戦闘になったが平定に活躍。
In 1876 during the Fukuoka tournament, he faced Akizuki-no-ran War (turmoil of Akizuki) where sumo wrestlers fought against rebellious clans, and he played an active role in the suppression of the war.

保元元年（1156年）の保元の乱では義朝に属し、平治元年（1159年）の平治の乱では義朝の長男・源義平に従い活躍。
During the Hogen War in 1156, he took the side of Yoshimoto and during the Heiji War in 1159, he followed MINAMOTO no Yoshihira, the eldest son of Yoshitomo, and performed well.

激戦となった3月の田原坂の戦いでは警視隊から選抜された抜刀隊が活躍して薩摩軍を退け、5月には大口攻略戦に参加した。
His drawn sword squad, the best of swordsmen picked up from commissaries, played an active part in defeating the Satsuma Army in a fierce battle at Tabaruzaka and he participated in the battle for capturing Okuchi in May.

祖父の毛利貞親、父の毛利親衡は後醍醐天皇の南朝 (日本)に従って越後国南条荘にて活躍し、一家で対立することとなる。
Since his grandfather, Sadachika MORI, and his father, Chikahira MORI, followed the Southern Court (Japan) ruled by the Emperor Godaigo and played active roles in Nanjo-so in Echigo Province, a conflict arose within the MORI family.

後年の戊辰戦争では鳥取藩の歩兵頭として一隊を率いて出陣、維新後は鳥取県・北海道開拓使・京都府の官吏として活躍した。
He led a group of foot soldiers in Boshin War in later years, and after the Meiji Restoration, he played an active role as a government official at Tottori prefecture, Hokkaido Development office, and Kyoto prefecture.

また、1950年代後半から人気ファッションモデルとして活躍していた芳村真理に女優への転向を促したのも大島であった。
Oshima also advised Mari YOSHIMURA, who had been a popular fashion model since the late 1950's, to make a career as an actress.

重臣として織田家に居座りつつ、活躍以上の利権を自己主張する佐久間や林に対し、懲罰的粛清を断行したと見る向きもある。
Some people say that Nobunaga accomplished housecleaning as a punishment against Sakuma and Hayashi who insisted on getting more rights and interest than deserved by their contributions.

天正2年（1574年）5月には山城国守護、翌年3月には大和国守護の兼務を命じられるなど、吏僚としての活躍が目立つ。
He was appointed as the Yamashiro no kuni Shugo (provincial constable of Yamashiro Province) in May 1574 and as the Yamato no kuni Shugo (provincial constable of Yamato Province) in March 1575; he was successful as a riryo (government official).

国際的「理論・実践循環型」教育システム（福祉各界で活躍する高度専門職業人の育成） - 社会学研究科・社会福祉学専攻
International Theory and Practice Cycle-Oriented Education System (fostering advanced professionals who are actively involved in welfare and other fields) - Graduate School of Social Studies, Social Welfare

後世に三蹟の1人として知られる書家として歴史に名を残すが、能吏としても知られており、天皇第一の側近として活躍した。
Later, he became famous as one of the three famous calligraphers, and at the same time was know as an excellent official, and served actively as the closest adviser to the Emperor.

その昔活躍したルーベンスやヨルダンス、ヴァン・アイク、そのほか驚異の種族と同じ天分が、ネロの中に息づいていました。
The same leaven was working in him that in other times begat Rubens and Jordaens and the Van Eycks, and all their wondrous tribe,

琳派（りんぱ）とは、俵屋宗達、尾形光琳ら江戸時代に活躍し、同傾向の表現手法を用いる美術家・工芸家らを指す名称である。
The Rinpa school refers to artists and craftsmen in the Edo period who used a similar style, including Sotatsu TAWARAYA and Korin OGATA.

京都の酒屋は、他国から市中に入る酒を「他所酒（よそざけ）」または「抜け酒」と呼んで警戒し、排除しようと躍起になった。
The sake breweries in Kyoto called the sake coming from other provinces 'yosozake' (sake brewed outside of the Kyoto area) or 'nukezake' (sake slipped through the law) and put up guards against them, and they tried hard to push them out.

六代目尾上菊五郎の薫陶を受け、恰幅のいい体つきで時代・世話を問わず立役として活躍し、また踊りの名手としても知られた。
He received training from Kikugoro ONOE (VI) and with his stout imposing build he was active in lead roles in both historical and dramatic theater as well as being known as a superb dancer.

しかし、関西での歌舞伎公演が激減する状況下では充分な活躍ができないと、関西を離れ東京歌舞伎と一座することが多くなる。
However, as he could not perform sufficiently under the situation in which performance of kabuki in Kansai was drastically decreased, he often left Kansai and performed with Tokyo Kabuki.

翌10年（738年）1月13日 (旧暦)に、諸兄は正三位右大臣に任命されて一躍朝廷の中心的地位に出世する事になった。
On February 10, 738, the following year, Moroe was appointed as Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank), Udaijin (Minister of the Right), which was a promotion pushing him into the main character in the Imperial Court.

しかし、歴史上はっきりとした段階で活躍するのは宣化天皇の大夫であった阿倍大麻呂（火麻呂とする説もある）が初見である。
However, ABE no Omaro (or Himaro) who was the daibu (master) for Emperor Senka was the first to be known in history.

しかしながら、頼貞はその後の戦乱で活躍しており、記録に混乱があるが、土岐氏の一族がこの計画に関与したのは確かである。
However, the story about Taiheiki recorded contradics the fact that Yorisada played an important role in the battles occurred in later years, nevertheless, it is certain that the family of the Toki clan was involved in the plot.

雑賀党の鈴木氏が本格的に歴史にあらわれるのは「雑賀孫市」の通称で知られる鈴木孫一が活躍した16世紀の中頃以降である。
The Suzuki clan of Saigato came to be mentioned frequently in history as from the mid-16th century, when Magoichi SUZUKI, commonly known as 'Magoichi SAIGA' took an active role.

嫡子の源義平などが奮戦し活躍するが、坂東にいる郎党を動員する時間がなく少数兵力のままで平清盛率いる伊勢平氏に敗れる。
Samurai warriors including Yoshitomo's heir, MINAMOTO no Yoshihira fought bravely and distinguished themselves in the War, but there was not time to mobilize followers in Bando, and therefore they remained to be a small number of warriors and was finally defeated by Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) led by TAIRA no Kiyomori.

また、京都を中心に活躍した一橋派各藩の工作員らも井伊の指示を受けて、老中間部詮勝（鯖江藩主）らが取り締まりを行った。
Also, under the direction of Ii, roju Akikatsu MANABE (the lord of the Sabae clan) cracked down on the activities of the Hitotsubashi group in Kyoto.

居留地が置かれていた都市の港は居留地時代に大きな発展を遂げ、特に神戸は上海・香港を凌ぐ東洋最大の港へと飛躍していた。
The ports of those cities with settlements developed rapidly during the settlement period; Kobe, in particular, leapt ahead of Shanghai and Hong Kong to become the largest port in the Orient.

文禄2年（1593年）5月の第二次晋州城攻防戦では攻城軍に加わって陸上兵力（点呼員数900人）としても活躍している。
He was a member of the 900 strong land forces that took part in the Second Siege of Jinju in May 1593.

本能寺にて信長を討った後、中国地方から引き返してきた豊臣秀吉との山崎の戦いでは先鋒として活躍するが、敗れて逃走した。
After succesfuly doing away with Nobunaga at Honno-ji Temple, he took an active role in the Battle of Yamazaki, which was fought against Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI upon his return from the Chugoku region; however, his forces were routed and he fled.

講談などによると、尼子義久が毛利元就に攻められ、次第に勢力を奪われていく中で、尼子十勇士の一人として活躍したという。
According to historical tales and the like, he served as one of the Ten Brave Warriors of the Amago Clan during the strife occurring when Yoshihisa AMAGO was beseiged by Motonari MORI, gradually losing his power.

平氏の勢力は他より抜きん出たものとなったが、乱で共に活躍した頼盛と重盛は、官位において大きく明暗を分けることになる。
The influence of the Taira clan came to stand out conspicuously above others; however, for Yorimori and Shigemori, who had taken active parts in the War, the treatment they received was vastly different with respect to official rank.

天正8年（1580年）の三木合戦から天正18年（1590年）の小田原の役まで、天正年間の秀吉の活躍を記録する軍記物。
A war chronicle of Hideyoshi in Tensho era from the Siege of Miki in 1580 to the battle of Odawara in 1590.

諱は『寛政重修諸家譜』に長定（ながさだ）とあり、他に長康とする説もあるが、活躍当時の文書で確認出来るのは成利である。
His real name appears as Nagasada in 'Kansei Choshu Shokafu' (Genealogies of Nobilities Compiled in Kansei Era), and while some say it is Nagayasu, Naritoshi is the only verifiable name in materials written during his days.

劇的な活躍をした人物なのに名が欠けていること、戦後に来目を賞する記事が見えないことから、来目の実在を疑う学者がいる。
Some scholars are skeptical of Kume's existence as the record lacks his name despite the fact that he played a dramatic part in the battle and there remain no records about commendation for him after the war.

その後しばしば将軍家に招かれ『猿若舞』を躍り名声を獲る一方、『中村座』の焼失や奉行所からの取り締まりにも悩まされる。
Later on, he was often invited to the residence of the Shogun family to dance 'Saruwaka mai' and gained a reputation, while he was bothered by the loss of 'Nakamura-za Theater' by fire and by the regulations by the magistrate's office.

藤原景経（ふじわらのかげつね。生年不詳－1185年（文治元年））は、平安時代末期において活躍していた武士である。
FUJIWARA no Kagetsune (year of birth unknown - 1185) was a samurai in the end of Heian Period.

若い頃出家し京都鞍馬の僧となるが、程なく郷里に戻って還俗し、武田信玄に仕える兄の幸隆の下で信濃先方衆として活躍する。
Although in his early days he entered the priesthood and became a monk at Kurama-dera Temple in Kyoto, he returned to secular life in his hometown after a short while, performing brilliantly as a member of Shinano Senpo shu (one of the groups of feudal lords and their warriors in the dominions annexed by Shingen TAKEDA) under his older brother Yukitaka, who served Shingen TAKEDA.

友枝喜久夫 (ともえだきくお。1908年9月25日 - 1996年1月3日) は昭和期に活躍した喜多流の能役者。
Kikuo TOMOEDA (September 25, 1908 - January 3, 1996) was a Noh performer in the Kita school who was active in the Showa period.

四納言（しなごん）とは、平安時代中期一条天皇の時代に活躍した4人の公卿（源俊賢・藤原公任・藤原斉信・藤原行成）の称。
'Shinagon' refers to the four court nobles (MINAMOTO no Toshikata, FUJIWARA no Kinto, FUJIWARA no Tadanobu, and FUJIWARA no Yukinari) who were active in the era of Emperor Ichijo in the middle Heian Period.

本寂門下の曹山慧霞、雲居道膺門下の同安道丕、疎山匡仁門下の護国守澄、青林師虔門下の石門献蘊らの活躍が見られる程である。
Only Sozan Eika (曹山慧霞), a disciple of Honjaku, Doan Dohi, a disciple of Ungo Doyo, Gokoku Shucho (護国守澄), a disciple of Sozan Kyonin, and Sekimon Kenun (石門献蘊), a disciple of Seirin Shiken, flourished.

丸本物とよばれる人形浄瑠璃の歌舞伎化したものや、石川五右衛門など天下を狙う悪人が大活躍するお家騒動物などの脚本が多い。
Many scripts called maruhonmono (Kabuki dramas of joruri (puppet-play) origin), which are ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater) arranged for Kabuki, and other scripts such as Goemon ISHIKAWA that deal with family feuds in which villains seek to take over the entire country, play important roles.

ほか、初代嵐三右衛門 (初代)、初代芳沢あやめ (初代)、大和屋甚左衛門、初代水木辰之助などの名優が同時期に活躍した。
In the same period, famous actors such as Sanemon ARASHI I (shodai), Ayame YOSHIZAWA I (shodai), Jinzaemon YAMATOYA and Tatsunosuke MIZUKI I took active parts.

また日本では機械弓が大陸から技術が伝わっていたが、和弓の利便性から必要性がなく、火縄銃の伝来によりその活躍もなかった。
In addition, in Japan, although the techniques of the mechanized bow were transmitted from the Chinese continent, it was not necessarily used because the efficiency of the Japanese bow did not flourish after the introduction of the matchlock gun.

日本の近世にあたる江戸時代（後期）に活躍した浮世絵・歌川国芳の名所絵『雪見舟図』などは、その様子を描いた代表例である。
'Yukimi Fune Zu,' an ukiyoe landscape painted by Kuniyoshi UTAGAWA who was famous in the late Edo period (the early-modern times in Japan) is a representative example describing yukimi.

鉛筆削りを別にすると、肥後守が子供の生活のなかでもっとも活躍するのはチャンバラのための木刀づくりであったかもしれない。
Except sharpening pencils, Higonokami may have worked most for making wooden swords in children's life.

水木しげるによる漫画『ゲゲゲの鬼太郎』で鬼太郎と共に戦う正義の妖怪としての活躍により一躍、全国的に有名な妖怪となった。
Sunakake-babaa became instantly famous nationwide by a comic book titled 'Ge-Ge-Ge no Kitaro' written by Shigeru MIZUKI, in which Sunakake-babaa is a specter who fights against enemies for justice together with the main character, Kitaro.

そのうち一部では、「天皇家は朝鮮民族の血筋を引いている」、「皇室百済起源論」などの論理を大きく飛躍させる報道があった。
From a certain news report there was an exaggerated comment stating that the Royal Family is descended from ethnic Koreans or that the Royal Family's origin started from Paekche and so on.

この怨恨により、郷士から武市瑞山、坂本龍馬、中岡慎太郎といった人材が生まれ、彼らの活躍により倒幕運動は一気に早まった。
As the result of hard feelings against such treatment, talented people such as Zuisan TAKECHI, Ryoma SAKAMOTO and Shintaro NAKAOKA appeared among the Goshi, and their success effectively sped up the Tobaku movement.

兵力として藩士からなる正規兵だけでなく、町民や農民、無頼の徒や他国藩士によって結成された混成部隊が戦力とされ活躍した。
Not only the regular soldiers consisting of retainers but also mixed forces consisting of townspeople, peasants, outlaws, and retainers from other domains played an active part in their military forces.

紀の川流域の紀氏のように瀬戸内海に対する天然の良港を持ち、後背に木材産地を確保した大豪族も独自の水軍をもって活躍した。
Therefore, the large gozoku (local ruling family) like Ki clan along the Kino-kawa River that had natural bays in Seto Inland Sea and wood production areas in the backlands flourished with their own suigun.

一橋派では橋本左内（越前藩士）・西郷隆盛（薩摩藩士）、南紀派では長野主膳（彦根藩士）ら下級武士がこれら工作に活躍した。
Many lower-ranking samurai, for example, Sanai HASHIMOTO (a feudal retainer of Echizen) and Takamori SAIGO (a feudal retainer of Satsuma) for the Hitotsubashi group, and Shuzen NAGANO (a feudal retainer of Hikone) for the Nanki group, played important roles in those activities.

歌人としては953年（天暦7年）10月の内裏菊合・960年（天徳4年）の内裏歌合等の作者となったり、屏風歌で活躍した。
As a poet, he composed a poem for the Dairi kiku awase (Palace Chrysanthemum Contest) on November 953 and the Dairi uta-awase (Imperial Palace Poetry Contest) in 960, and took a lively part in composing byobu-uta (screen poems).

13歳になる1935年（昭和10年）に宝塚歌劇団に入団（宝塚歌劇団23期生）、「東風うらゝ」の名で男役として活躍した。
In 1935, at the age of 13, she joined the Takarazuka revue as a 23rd class member and actively played male roles under the stage name 'Urara KOCHI.'

服部持法（はっとりじほう、生没年不明）は、鎌倉時代後期から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけて活躍した伊賀国の武士、悪党。
Jiho Hattori (dates of birth and death unknown) was a samurai from Iga Province and an akuto (a villain of medieval times), who was active from the late Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).

生涯を通して合戦での活躍が目立つ勝家だが、政治家としても優秀な人物であり、善政を敷き、領地をよく治めたといわれている。
Katsuie was well known for his exploits in battles throughout his lifetime, but he was also an excellent politician who was said to govern fairly and rule the territories well.

半分は実在の服部正成に基づいて徳川家康直々の忍者という設定になっているが、関ヶ原の戦いや大坂の役に参戦し暗躍している。
In the game story, Hanzo is partly modeled on Masanari HATTORI and works directly under Ieyasu Tokugawa as a ninja, and is actively involved in the Battle of Sekigahara and Siege of Osaka behind the scenes.

則宗は勢力基盤である播磨周囲の伯耆国・因幡国などの西軍山名氏の領国で、さらには洛中で赤松軍を率いる主将として活躍した。
Norimune took an active role as the captain who led the Akamatsu squad in the territory of the Yamana clan of the Western squad such as in Hoki province and Inaba no kuni in the vicinity of Harima province and, moreover, in Rakuchu (inside the capital).

823年（弘仁14年）に戒壇の開設が勅許されると山田寺に隠棲したが、淳和天皇に召し出され、その後も中央政界で活躍した。
When the foundation of a Kaidan was approved of in 823, he lived in seclusion at Yamada-dera Temple, but was called out by Emperor Junna and was then actively involved in the national political arena..

672年の壬申の乱のとき大海人皇子（天武天皇）の側について戦い、箸陵と中つ道の戦いで活躍し、大海人側の勝利に貢献する。
In 672, he fought on the side of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and contributed to the Oama forces' victory by demonstrating his valor in the Battle of Hashinohaka and the Battle of Nakatsu Mitchi Road.

帰国後は通弁役頭取、外国奉行支配調役などを歴任すると共に、万延元年（1860年）の大統領への英文書の作成にも活躍する。
After returning to Japan, he successively held important posts as chief of interpreters and inspector of the administration of Gaikoku Bugyo (commissioners of foreign affairs), and in 1860, he was involved in drawing up English documents addressed to the President.

足利尊氏によって光明天皇が擁立されると、改めて権中納言に任じられて、以後北朝 (日本)の有能な実務官僚として活躍した。
When Emperor Komyo ascended the throne under Takauji ASHIKAGA, he was reinstated as Gon Chunagon (provisional vice-councilor of state) and later played an active role as a skilled administrative bureaucrat of the Northern Court.

晩年の明応元年（1493年）には、揚北衆の本庄房長・黒川頼実が反乱を起こすが、長尾能景（重景の子）の活躍で鎮圧された。
In 1493, in later years of Fusasada, Fusanaga HONJO and Yorizane KUROKAWA of Agakitashu revolted, which was suppressed by the efforts of Yoshikage NAGAO (Shigekage's son).

宗祇が亡くなってからは、京都に拠点を置きながら連歌師として活躍し、公家や大名の使者として北陸・東国・九州などを旅した。
After Sogi died, he kept the center of his activities in Kyoto and was active as a linked verse poet, traveling around the Hokuriku, Togoku, Kyushu regions as a messenger for the aristocracy and Daimyo.

一門には雅楽に秀でた者が多く、忠房も琵琶の名手であった父の興嗣よりその才を受け継ぎ、歌舞や管弦の分野において活躍した。
Among his family there were people who excelled in gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music), and Tadafusa himself was an excellent player of the biwa (lute), for he received that talent from his father, Okitsugu, and was active in the fields of utamai (a performance of singing and dancing) and Kangen (gagaku piece without dance).

明治元年（1868年）に参議に任じられ、新政府でも右兵衛督行政官補相職や大総督府副総裁兼議定職などを歴任して活躍した。
In 1868, he was appointed as Sangi (councilor), and he was also successful under the new government, being appointed 補相職 of administrative officers as Uhyoe no kami (Captain of the Right Division of Middle Palace Guards), Vice President and Gijo (an official post) in the Grand Government General.

彼自身も老齢ということもあって、以後は豪商としての活躍も無く、寛永12年（1635年）10月28日に83歳で病死した。
He was no longer active as a merchant as he reached old age; he died of an illness at the age of 83 on December 7, 1635.

加島銀行理事への就任を皮切りに大阪堂島米穀取引所監査役、朝日生命保険株式会社副社長に就任するなど経済人として活躍した。
He was successful in business, starting as the director of Kajima Ginko (Kajima Bank) and eventually becoming an inspector of Osaka Dojima Beikoku Torihikijo (Osaka Dojima Grain Exchange), after which he served as a vice president of the Asahi Seimei Insurance Company.

永禄年間（1558－70年）に琉球から三線が渡来し、これが三味線へと発達するにしたがって飛躍的な成熟を遂げることになる。
With the introduction of the sanshin (a traditional Okinawan three-string instrument) in the Eiroku era (1558 - 1570) and its ensuing development into shamisen, Joruri made rapid progress.

日本では喫茶店ブーム、インスタントコーヒーブームを経て本格的に商品化され、自動販売機の発達とともに飛躍的な成長を遂げた。
It was commercialized on a full scale in Japan during the coffee shop and instant coffee boom and grew by leaps and bounds with the development of vending machines.

仁左衛門の芸は、驚くべきことながら七十代の後半から八十代に至って飛躍的に深化し、一躍、名優の列に加えられることになった。
Surprisingly, the acting of Nizaemon was remarkably sophisticated from his late seventies to his eighties, and suddenly he was added to the list of excellent actors.

後白河院政派の躍進に対する巻き返しとして、翌安元3年（1177年）正月の除目では平重盛が近衛府、平宗盛が右大将となった。
As a counter move against the advancement of the Goshirakawa cloistered government group, TAIRA no Shigemori was appointed Konoefu (head of the inner palace guards) and TAIRA no Munemori was appointed Udaisho (head of the right palace guards) on the position assignment day of January 1177.

所属や年代を表すため武将の前に主家の名前や活躍した時代を冠することもあり、「平家の武将」「戦国武将」といった用例がある。
To indicate their affiliation or era, their master's name or era may be prefixed, such as 'Heike's busho' (warriors of Taira family) and 'sengoku busho' (warriors in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States)).

三好三人衆（みよしさんにんしゅう）は日本の戦国時代 (日本)に畿内で活躍した、三好長逸・三好政康・岩成友通の三人を指す。
The Miyoshi Triumvirate consists of Nagayuki MIYOSHI, Masayasu MIYOSHI and Tomomichi IWANARI who stood out in the history of Japan's warring period for their activities in the Kinai region.

慰霊碑はイギリス海軍墓地の奥の一番良い場所を提供され、当時、日本海軍の活躍をいかにイギリス海軍が感謝していたかがわかる。
The fact that the best place, the back part of the British navy cemetery, was offered to the memorial monument shows how much British Navy was thankful for the remarkable service of Imperial Japanese Navy in those days.

その後1886年星亨らによる大同団結運動で民権運動は再び盛り上がりを見せ、中江兆民や徳富蘇峰らの思想的な活躍も見られた。
The popular rights movement resurged in 1886 following the Daido Danketsu movement led by Toru HOSHI and some leading political theorists, including Chomin NAKAE and Soho TOKUTOMI, came out.

谷三十郎の槍は「千石もの」と言われたと伝わるが、逆に実戦ではほとんど活躍していないただの道場槍であったとも見られている。
It is told that the spearmanship of Sanjuro TANI was worth 'one thousand koku,' but, there is the view that his spearmanship was hardly utilized in actual battle and it was mere dojoyari (spearmanship trained only in the training hall).

蜻蛉切は、忠勝が多くの功績を挙げた槍の号（あだ名）であり、その活躍により、この槍は「天下三名槍」の一つに数えられている。
The nicknamed Tonbokiri was the spear with which Tadakatsu made many achievements, and its success made this spear one of 'the best three spears in Japan.'

その間に『新編水滸画伝』『近世怪談霜夜之星』『椿説弓張月』などの作品を発表し、馬琴とともにその名を一躍不動のものとした。
At that time, they published such works as 'Shinpen Suikogaden,' 'Kinsei Kaidan Shimoyo no Hoshi' and 'Chinsetsu yumiharizuki (The Crescent Moon),' which made his name famous together with Bakin.

寛政3年〈1791年〉- 嘉永元年7月22日 (旧暦)〈1848年8月20日〉）は、江戸時代後期に活躍した日本の浮世絵。
(1791 - August 20, 1848) was a Japanese Ukiyoe artist who did remarkable work in the late Edo period.

『日本書紀』の壬申の乱のくだりに置始大伯の名は現れないが、次に述べる窃盗事件の詔で、大海人皇子側で活躍したことがわかる。
Although the name of OKISOME no Oku isn't mentioned in the description of the Jinshin War in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), the proclamation about his theft explained below proves that he had made achievements supporting Prince Oama.

小川清助（おがわせいすけ、1832年 - 1880年）は、幕末から明治初期にかけて伊豆半島南部で活躍した石工である。
Seisuke OGAWA (1832 - 1880) was a stonemason active in the southern part of Izu Peninsula from the end of Edo Period to early Meiji Period.

河井章石（かわいしょうせき、男性、明治9年（1876年） - 昭和31年（1956年））は、京都で活躍した篆刻家である。
Shoseki KAWAI (male, 1876-1956) was a tenkokuka (artist of seal engraving) who was active in Kyoto.

次男のマキノ光雄は「マキノ」の名を冠した会社は設立せず、満洲映画協会、東横映画、東映で映画プロデューサーとして活躍した。
Shozo's second son, Mitsuo MAKINO, did not establish any company with the name 'MAKINO' but worked as a movie producer for Manchuria Film Association, Toyoko Film Company and Toei Company, Ltd..

和歌の面では六条家歌学を継ぐ歌人として活躍して勅撰和歌集には11集25首が採録されている他、多くの歌集に採録されている。
With respect to waka poetry, he positively acted as a waka poet who succeeded in writing waka poetry of the Rokujo family and twenty-five waka of his were adopted in eleven Chokusen wakashu (anthology of Japanese poetry compiled by Imperial command) and many of his waka were adopted in many collections of poems.

義仲の敗亡後は源頼朝方につき、寿永3年（1184年）2月の一ノ谷の戦いでは源義経軍の一翼・多田源氏の棟梁として活躍する。
After the defeat and death of Yoshinaka, he took the side of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo and played an important role as the head of Tada-Genji, an important part of MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune's army in the Battle of Ichinotani in March, 1184.

和泉節子の著書によると1987年に行方不明になったと書かれているが、トット基金付帯劇団の手話狂言の指導等で活躍している。
Setsuko IZUMI wrote in her book that he went missing in 1987, but he is active in teaching sign language kyogen as a member of Totto kikin futai gekidan (Totto Foundation to train deaf actors).

また明応2年（1493年）、再び守護・義寛へ従い、敏信は上洛して京に滞在するなど各地で活躍したという（『蔭涼軒日録』）。
In 1493, joining the shugo, Yoshihiro again to go up to Kyoto, Toshinobu stayed in Kyoto and took an active part in various places ('Inryoken Nichiroku' [Inryoken's Diary]).

顔に当る薄暮（はくぼ）の風、足の下に躍（おど）るトロッコの動揺、――良平は殆（ほとん）ど有頂天（うちょうてん）になった。
The twilight wind on his face and the shuddering of the truck beneath his feet brought him to a kind of rapture.

昭和中期より活躍している漫画家には、当時の漫画はあまり儲からなかったため、下宿やアパート生活経験者も少なからずいるようだ。
Many cartoonists who flourished since the mid-Showa period may have had experience living in a lodging house or an 'apart' at some point in the past, because being a comic artist was not a profitable business at that time.

その後京へ戻り、宮中や公卿の社会を中心に活躍し、1678年（延宝6年）自選の作品集である「大住院立花砂之物図」を刊行した。
After that, he returned to Kyoto, worked actively mainly in the Imperial Court and in the society of court nobles, and in 1678 he published 'Daijuin Rikka Sunamonozu, Daijuin Tatehana Sabutsuzu,' a collection of his works selected by himself.

幕末に名古屋、京都で活躍した盲人音楽家、吉沢検校（二世・1800年（寛政12年） - 1872年（明治5年））が作曲した。
The song was composed by Yoshizawa Kengyo (second generation; 1800 - 1872), a blind musician who flourished in Nagoya and Kyoto in the end of Edo period.

このことは、院政下で活躍した北面武士などもその名簿を参照すると、侍身分以外の僧侶・神官などが多数含まれている事でも分かる。
This is clear in the name list of Hokumen no bushi (the Imperial Palace Guards for the north side), who were active under the cloister government, in which many Buddhist priests, Shinto priests, and others not of the samurai status were included.

夏の陣の八尾の戦いにおいては名誉挽回とばかりに再び長宗我部盛親・増田盛次の部隊に襲い掛かり300余人を討ち取る活躍をした。
During Natsu no jin (summer battle) in Yao, he pounced again on the troops headed by Morichika CHOSOKABE and Moritsugu MASUDA to retrieve his honor and killed over 300 warriors.

当時一世を風靡していた古文辞学（徂徠学）の誤りを理論的に指摘した『弁徴録』を刊行すると一躍、学会の注目を受けることとなる。
The predominant thinking of the day was Kobunjigaku (Sorai-gaku), but Kinga in his 'Benchoroku' pointed out errors in the Kobunjigaku theoretically, thereby entering the limelight in the academic society.

その後は花形役者として道頓堀の大芝居で活躍、「名人延若、上手宗十郎　業物右團次」と呼ばれ、この「延宗右」で芸を競い合った。
He performed well as a top-billed performer on the big stage in Dotonbori and people called him 'master Enjaku, superior Sojuro, sharp like katana Udanji' so this 'Ensou' competed with each other.

真新しい港湾都市には生活基盤の弱い住民が多数おり騒動が激化、神戸の飛躍と共に成長した鈴木商店が焼き打ちに遭う事件も起きた。
Suzuki Shoten, which had developed with the city over time, was burnt down since violence increased in the harbor city where many residents had weak financial stability,

1980年代後半から『朝まで生テレビ』（テレビ朝日系）のレギュラーパネラーとなり、テレビのコメンテーターとしても活躍した。
Oshima was a regular panelist on 'Asamade Namaterebi' (literally, 'a live program until morning' broadcasted on All Nippon News Network) from the late 1980's and flourished as a television commentator.

1934年（昭和9年）に多摩川撮影所（のちの角川大映撮影所）に移るが翌年、根岸寛一が同撮影所長となると企画部長として活躍。
In 1934 he was relocated to the Nikkatsu Tamagawa Studio, and together with Kanichi NEGISHI, who was assigned as the new head of the studio in the following year, he was working hard at the position of the general manager of the planning department.

豊臣政権では大谷吉継や小西行長はじめ多くの奉行が行政を担当しており、その中でも特に重要な活躍をした5名が五奉行と呼ばれた。
Under the Toyotomi Administration, there were a lot of figures who took charge of administrative affairs, including Yoshitsugu OTNI and Yukinaga KONISHI, and the most prominent five among them were later known as Gobugyo (five bugyo, or five commissioners or five magistrates).

泰欽門下からは、雲居道斉、霊隠文勝の師弟が出て活躍したが、次第に衰退に向かい、ついに北宋末には、その系統は断絶してしまった。
Ungo Dosai (雲居道斉) and his disciple Reiin Bunsho (霊隠文勝) of the Taikin lineage flourished, but it gradually declined and disappeared finally at the end of the Northern Sung period.

また、その役割は上記のとおり一方的にシテの言うところを受けとめるものなので、舞台上で華々しい活躍を見せることはめったにない。
Moreover, as mentioned above, since this role is one-sided, listening to messages from the protagonist, it is rare for Nohwaki to show any brilliant activity on the stage.

折しも京都の三千家では如心斎を中心に一大改革期を迎えており、それを担う高弟の一人として七事式の制定などで活躍することになる。
At that time, the Sansenke (three schools associated with Sen Rikyu) in Kyoto entered a significant period of reform with Joshinsai at the forefront, and as one of the leading disciples in taking on the reformation, Fuhaku was active in the establishment of the Shichijishiki (seven training exercises).

明治になり、西洋文化の影響で牛肉食が始まり松阪牛の普及に伊勢商人が貢献したように近江商人の活躍があったためともいわれている。
During the Meiji Period, people started to eat beef under the influence of the western culture and Omi shonin (Omi merchants) reportedly contributed to the spread of beef consumption as Ise shonin (Ise merchants) did to the spread of Matsuzaka beef.

旧大名・旧公家を除いた家々の事であり、特に明治維新で活躍した元勲の家とその後の国家への功労によって華族に加えられた家を指す。
Shinke refers to families which were not daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) or former court nobles but were allowed to join the nobility as a reward for their contribution at the Meiji Restoration (families of the so-called genkun) or for services to the nation thereafter.

武田信賢は若狭国内の一色氏残党や一揆を次々に鎮圧して国内を固める一方、応仁の乱では東軍に属して丹後国に侵攻するなど活躍した。
Nobutaka TAKEDA suppressed the remnants of the Isshiki clan as well as uprisings in Wakasa Province, and when the Onin War occurred, he sided with the east forces and invaded Tango Province.

その後、外戚の地位を閑院流に奪われて勢力は後退するが、鎌倉時代の源通親は九条家に対抗し後白河天皇・後鳥羽天皇の院政下で活躍。
Their power later deteriorated because their status as maternal relatives of the emperor was taken over by the Kanin line of the Fujiwara clan; MINAMOTO no Michichika vied against the Kujo family during the Kamakura period, and served successfully under the cloister governments of the Emperor Goshirakwa and the Emperor Gotoba.

紀伝道の統合期に活躍した文章博士である菅原清公は大学頭を兼務してその発展に貢献し、大学寮の北側に文章院という学舎を設置した。
Monjo hakase SUGAWARA no Kiyokimi, who was active at the time of the merger of kidendo, also served as daigaku no kami (Director of the Bureau of Education), contributing to the development of the subject and founding a school to the north of the daigakuryo called monjoin.

この邸宅の南側には後世「龍躍池」と呼ばれる広大な池が存在し、池の上には「泉殿」と呼ばれる離れが建てられ、本邸と結ばれていた。
There was a large pond which was to be called 'Ryuyaku-ike Pond' by the later generation on the south-side of the residence, by the side of which was an outbuilding called 'Izumi-dono,' which was connected to the main building.

このため、織田軍の鉄砲隊が大活躍し、逆に武田軍は霧のために戦況を正しく把握することができず損害をいっそう拡大させたとされる。
Thus Oda's teppo units were active while the Takeda army incurred more casualties because they could not assess the situation of the battle due to the fog.

この間、立憲政友会と立憲国民党の提携が成立し、とくに立憲政友会党員の尾崎行雄や立憲国民党党首の犬養毅が中心となって活躍した。
Meanwhile, the Seiyukai and the Kokuminto formed an alliance thanks to the great efforts of a member of the Seiyukai, YUKIO OZAKI, and the Kokuminto leader, Tsuyoshi INUKAI.

父の代に新発田藩を放逐となり浪人していたが、高田馬場の決闘での活躍により、堀部弥兵衛の婿養子となり、赤穂浅野家の家臣となる。
Although his family was expelled from Shibata Domain in his father's time and he was simply a wandering ronin (masterless samurai), his performance in the duel at Takadanobaba was so impressive that he was adopted as a son-in-law by Yahei HORIBE and became a vassal of the Ako Asano family.

その中心となって活躍したのが若松賤子で、227号から45回に渡って連載した『小公子』は後の翻訳児童文学に大きな影響を与えた。
Shizuko WAKAMATSU played an active role in contributing to the column and the serial novel Shokoshi (Little Lord Fauntleroy) which started in the 227th issue to run for the 45 consecutive issues had an enormous influence on translated children's literature in succeeding years.

また秋山支隊からロシア帝国軍の後方攪乱のために派遣された永沼挺身隊の活躍は、小説『敵中横断三百里』によって有名となっている。
Furthermore, an acive role taken by the Naganuma Teishintai (National Defense Volunteer Party) which was sent from the Akiyama Unit to attack the Russian Empire Force from behind became a famous story decribed in 'Tekichu Odan Sanbyakuri.'

延久年間に行われた延久蝦夷合戦などで活躍し鎮守府将軍従五位下であったとの史料がある清原貞衡と同一人物であるとの有力説がある。
There is an influential theory that he was the same person as KIYOHARA no Sadahira, on whom historical materials indicate that he was Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and the Chinju-fu shogun (Commander-in-Chief of the Defense of the North) and actively engaged in the Battle of Enkyu against the Ezo (Japanese northerners) and other battles which occurred in the Enkyu era (1069-1074).

甥の義兼が逸早く頼朝の下に駆けつけて活躍し以後代々北条氏と姻戚関係にあって強固に結びつくことによって幕府内での地位を保った。
After his nephew Yoshikane ran to Yoritomo soon to play an active part, he could keep up his position at the Government by a storong connection with the Hojo clan related by marriage for generations.

神護景雲3年（769年）の宇佐八幡宮神託事件においても、藤原永手らとはかり皇位継承阻止派として百川の暗躍があったといわれる。
It is said that Momokawa worked behind the scenes of the plot of Usa Hachiman-gu oracle in 769 by working with FUJIWARA no Nagate to stop the succession to the Imperial Throne.

同じ年の7月21日、壬申の年の活躍によって与えられた100戸の封戸の功が中第と評価され、4分の1を子に伝えることが許された。
The 100 fuko given for his deed of valor in the Jinshin War was certified as Chudai on September 2 of the same year; this meant that Miushi's children were allowed to inherit one fourth of the 100 fuko.

廃藩置県後は地元の青森県に出仕していたが、戊辰戦争での活躍を見ていた谷干城の推薦により明治4年（1871年）には陸軍に出仕。
After Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures), he served his hometown Aomori Precture, but by recommendation from Tateki TANI who had been watching his performance in Boshin War, he began to serve the army in 1871.

大紫は壬申の功臣の中でも高い位だが、書紀の壬申の乱のくだりに星川麻呂の名は見えないので、どのような活躍をしたかは不明である。
Daishi was a relatively high rank among ranks given meritorious vassals of Jinshin, however there is no description of HOSHIKAWA no Maro in the article of the Jinshin War in Nihonshoki, therefore how well he had performed is unknown.

大紫は壬申の功臣の中でも高位だが、書紀が壬申の乱を述べるくだりに摩漏の名は見えないので、どのような活躍をしたかはわからない。
Daishi was a relatively high rank among ranks given to meritorious vassals of Jinshin, however there is no description of Maro in the article of the Jinshin War in Nihonshoki, therefore how well he had performed is unknown.

永樂保全（えいらくほぜん、1795年（寛政7年）-1854年（嘉永7年）9月16日）は、19世紀に活躍した京焼の陶芸家。
Hozen EIRAKU (1795-September 16, 1854) was a ceramic artist of kyo-yaki (Kyoto style ceramic art) who was active during the nineteenth century.

葛西清重は優れた武将で、源範頼に従軍して武功を立て、奥州合戦で活躍して奥州総奉行に任ぜられ、葛西氏は奥州の大族となっている。
Kiyoshige KASAI was an excellent busho (Japanese military commander) with military exploits by joining an army of MINAMOTO no Noriyori, and he was appointed as sobugyo (general magistrate) in Oshu region by flourishing in the battle of Oshu, and consequently the Kasai family became a great clan.

行村は文筆の家ながら京で検非違使となったことから山城判官と呼ばれ、鎌倉では侍所の検断奉行（検事兼裁判官）として活躍している。
Although Yukimura was born in a family of literary art, he became a kebiishi (official with judicial and police powers) in Kyoto and was called Yamashiro hangan (judge), and played an active part as kendan (policing and adjudication authority) bugyo (magistrate) of Samurai-dokoro (the Board of Retainers).

伊丹万作（いたみまんさく、本名：池内義豊、1900年1月2日 - 1946年9月21日）は、昭和初期に活躍した映画監督。
Mansaku ITAMI (real name Yoshitoyo IKEUCHI; January 2, 1900 - September 21, 1946) was a Japanese film director active during the early Showa era.

歌人としても活躍し、天喜4年（1056年）皇后寛子春秋歌合にも参加、承暦2年（1078年）内裏歌合には指導的役割を果たした。
Toshitsuna was also a remarkable poet, participating in Empress Kanshi's Spring and Autumn Uta-awase as a poet in 1056 and in Dairi Uta-awase (a palace poetry contest) as a teacher in 1078.

実際は水野勝成の客将として徳川方に参陣し、勝成の嫡子・勝重（のち水野勝俊）付で活躍したことが数々の資料から裏付けられている。
According to various reliable materials, at the Siege of Osaka, he was invited by Katsunari MIZUNO as an honored guest, and served Katsunari's oldest son Katsusige MIZUNO (later changed his name to Katsutoshi) and played a very active part in the Tokugawa forces (the enemy of the Toyotomi forces).

彼らは将軍直属の軍事力として1391年(明徳2/元中2)に山名氏が蜂起した明徳の乱や大内氏が蜂起した応永の乱などで活躍する。
They played an active role as military power belonged directly to the shogun in Meitoku War, caused by the Yamana clan, and in the Oei War, caused by the Ouchi clan in 1391.

金色と銅色または豊かな暗い赤色の暖かい躍動する色の長い茎のある花と毛の多い葉をもつテンニンギク属のアメリカ西部の植物のどれか
any plant of western America of the genus Gaillardia having hairy leaves and long-stalked flowers in hot vibrant colors from golden yellow and copper to rich burgundy

それらのことから箸墓古墳は、弥生時代の墳丘墓が飛躍的に巨大化したものであり、弥生時代の墳丘墓に続くものであると考えられている。
Because of these findings, Hashihaka-kofun Tumulus is believed to be a dramatically enlarged version of (and successor of) the tombs covered with heaps of earth from the Yayoi period.

ドイツやイギリスで指導に当たった金澤弘和（松涛館流）やポルトガルで指導に当たった東恩納盛男（剛柔流）などの活躍が知られている。
It is reported that many instructors were instrumental, such as Hirokazu KANAZAWA (Shotokan-ryu), who taught karate in Germany and England, and Morio HIGAONNA (Goju-ryu), who taught karate in Portugal.

ともに、京都の手猿楽役者であった野村又三郎と三宅藤九郎を客分として招き、京都を地盤として和泉流を創設し、禁裏能などで活躍した。
While inviting two tesarugaku actors from Kyoto, Matasaburo NOMURA and Tokuro MIYAKE, he also established the Izumi school with its base in Kyoto and played an active role in Kinri (the Imperial Palace) Noh.

各地の大名を弟子に持ち、金春流では長らく途絶していた秘曲「関寺小町」を復活させ、「童舞抄」などの伝書を記すなどの活躍を見せた。
He took some local daimyo (feudal lord) as his pupils, and as a performer in the Konparu school, he revived an old classic, 'Seki-dera Komachi (Komachi at Seki-dera),' which had ceased to be performed for a long time, and left 'Dobusho' (Comments on Noh Plays).

しかし、少弐方の諸将（龍造寺家兼や馬場頼周など）が奮戦し、鍋島清久率いる赤熊軍団の活躍もあって、遠征してきた興連を敗走させた。
However the warlords of the Shoni clan side (such as Iekane RYUZOJI and Yorichika BABA) fought bravely and Red bear force led by Kiyohisa NABESHIMA played an important role in making invading Okitsura run away.

ただし、施しを目当てに物乞いが暗躍したこともあり、また本当に苦しんでいる者が物乞い扱いされ、無下にされたこともあったとされる。
On the other hand, it is said that beggars crowded asking for help, and sometimes people who really needed assistance were considered to be beggars and were treated bluntly.

大坂夏の陣での真田信繁（幸村）の活躍は江戸時代でも歌舞伎などで演じられ、錦絵に描かれるなど、徳川政権下でも後世へ語り継がれた。
Nobushige (Yukimura) SANADA's energetic activity in Osaka Natsu no Jin was passed down the generations even in the Tokugawa government as it was performed in Kabuki and so on or drawn in nishikie (color prints) in the Edo period

大江氏は菅原道真の失脚後に飛躍し、「聖代」とされている村上朝には匡衡の祖父にあたる維時や一族の朝綱らが儒家の中心的存在となる。
The OE clan made a leap forward after SUGAWARA no Michizane's downfall, and the clan including Koretoki and Asatsuna became a pillar of Confucianists in 'Seidai' (great imperial prince's time), the Emperor Murakami's era.

彼らは家康に恩を感じ、本多正信は家康の晩年までブレーンとして活躍し、夏目吉信は三方ヶ原の戦いで家康の身代わりになって戦死した。
Therefore, they had a feeling of obligation to Ieyasu: For example, Masanobu HONDA was one of Ieyasu's brains until Ieyasu's later years, and Yoshinobu NATSUME was killed in place of Ieyasu in the Battle of Mikatagahara.

服部半蔵家の改易後、服部半蔵を名乗る頭領とその配下の伊賀忍軍が影の世界で活躍していたという設定で、半蔵が主人公として登場する。
Hanzo appeared as the main character in the setting that even after the Hanzo-Hattori clan had been punished by Kaieki (forfeit rank of Samurai and properties), the Iga shogunate spy group and its leader, Hanzo HATTORI, were still active in the dark side of the world.

しかも、六郎の配下としての有望な地位を狙う木沢長政や、元長の失脚を願う一門の三好政長らの暗躍もあって、その溝は一段と深まった。
In addition, Nagamase KIZAWA, who was targeting a promising position as a retainer of Rokuro, and Masanaga MIYOSHI, who was one of the Miyoshi clan but was hoping for the downfall of Motonaga, carried out secret maneuvers against Motonaga, and so the gulf between them became even bigger.

戦争での活躍は伝えられないが、大友皇子が敗走して7月23日に自殺するまで、物部連麻呂は一、二の舎人とともに最後までつき従った。
Although it is uncertain how much of a role he took during this war, MONONOBE no Muraji Maro and two other servants stayed with Prince Otomo until August 24, the day he committed suicide due to his loss in the battle.

承久の乱の後、京における歌界で活躍し、一方では隠岐国に配流となっていた後鳥羽天皇と連絡をとりながら遠島歌合などに参加している。
After the Jokyu War, he played an active role in the waka poetry world, and while keeping in touch with Retired Emperor Gotoba, who was in the exile in Oki Province, he took part in 'Ento-utaawase' (literally, waka poetry contest in a remote island), an anthology of poems compiled by Retired Emperor Gotoba), and others.

明治10年（1877年）の西南戦争では盟友でもあった谷干城の救出に活躍しこの功績で明治13年（1880年）には大佐に昇格した。
In 1877, he showed great performance in the rescue of Tateki TANI who was also one of his sworn allies in Seinan War, and he was promoted to Colonel for this achievement in 1880.

香川氏に関する資料では複数の「元景」なる人物が存在するが、ここでは天文年間前後に活躍し、香川之景の父とされる人物を取り上げる。
Although several people named 'Motokage' appear in materials on the Kagawa clan, here we describe the person who was active around Tenbun era (1532-1554) and considered to be the father of Yukikage KAGAWA.

その後788年（延暦7年）征東大将軍に任じられ、延暦8年(789年)には蝦夷の征討に赴くが、族長アテルイの活躍で失敗に終わる。
Afterwards, he was appointed as Seito Taishogun in 788 and went eastwards to subdue eastern barbarians in 789, but his attempts ended in failure due to the resistance from Aterui, the head of barbarians.

『平家物語』では一ノ谷の戦いで平経正を討取り、平知盛が逃がした名馬・井上黒（河越黒）をとらえて後白河院に献上する活躍を見せる。
In 'Heike Monogatari' (The Tale of the Heike), there is a scene in which Shigefusa felled TAIRA no Tsunemasa in the Battle of Ichi no Tani and also a scene in which he captured a fine horse Inoueguro (Kawagoeguro) that TAIRA no Tomonori failed to catch and it is said that he dedicated the horse to the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa.

本格的蘭和辞典の編纂などに力を尽くし、将来の活躍を期待されていたが生まれつきの病弱に加え心労により43歳という若さで逝去する。
He made efforts to compile full-fledged Dutch-Japanese dictionaries and was expected to contribute in the future, but he died young at the age of 43 because of frail health by nature as well as strain.

この頃、新興都市・神戸は国内屈指の重工業都市として飛躍的な発展を遂げたが、鹿島はさらに神戸を活性化させるべく様々な手を打った。
At around this time, although a new city Kobe developed drastically as one of the leading heavy industry cities, Kashima took next steps to revitalize the city.

神山鳳陽（ごうやまほうよう、文政8年（1824年） - 明治22年（1889年））は、明治時代に活躍した書家・漢詩人である。
Houyou GOYAMA (1824 - 1889) was a prominent Japanese calligrapher and composer of Chinese poems in the Meiji period.

明治10年（1877年）、西南戦争の勃発に際して旧薩摩藩軍に身を投じ、活躍するも、敗戦後、熊本県の山中に身を隠すも逮捕された。
In 1877 at the outbreak of Seinan War he joined the army of the former Satsuma Domain and fought with them, and after the war he hid himself in a mountain in Kumamoto Prefecture but was captured.

山中静逸（やまなかせいいつ、文政5年（1822年） - 明治18年（1885年））は、明治時代に活躍した書家・政治家である。
Seiitsu YAMANAKA (1822 - 1885) is a calligrapher and a statesman who flourished in the Meiji period.

棟世と清少納言との間の娘である上東門院小馬命婦も、一条天皇の皇后藤原彰子に仕え、平安時代中期の円融朝で女性歌人として活躍した。
Jotomonin Kouma no Myobu who was a daughter of Muneyo and Sei Shonagon also served the Empress of Emperor Ichijo, FUJIWARA no Shoshi, and played an active role as a female poet in the period of Emperor Enyu.

大島渚、篠田正浩、吉田喜重といった気鋭の新人が松竹ヌーヴェルヴァーグとして活躍していた時代にあって、山田は地味な存在であった。
At a time when up-and-coming directors such as Nagisa OSHIMA, Masahiro SHINODA and Yoshishige YOSHIDA were making a name as part of the Shochiku New Wave, Yamada remained low-key.

禅鳳の活躍した時代には「能」というものは既にほぼ確立されており、禅鳳に出来たのは、それをより技術的に洗練することだけであった。
Noh' had been completed and established by the period when Zenpo wrote great works, so all what Zenpo could do was refine and polish Noh technically.

戦後、能楽復興期に、能楽ルネッサンスの会、華の会、冥の会などで、能楽以外の演劇人と交流しつつ、世阿弥の伝書研究などで活躍した。
After the war, he interacted with actors other than Noh actors by participating in group of Noh Renaissance, Hana no kai (group of flower) and Mei no kai (group of dark), and also played an important role in the study of the records of oral teachings by Zeami.

941形は全く活躍することなく廃車となったが、922-0はその後0系を元とした｢ドクターイエロー｣が登場するまで生き永らえた。
The 941 type trains were put out of service, but the 922-0 trains were used until 'Doctor Yellow' based on 0 series trains were introduced later.

また、多くの弟子を育成し、彼らの中には秋月（薩摩出身）、宗淵（鎌倉円覚寺の画僧）など、それぞれの出身地に帰って活躍した者もいた。
In addition, he cultivated many disciples, among whom Shugetsu (from Satsuma Province) and Soen (an artist-monk in Engaku-ji Temple, Kamakura) who went back to their home provinces and flourished.

今日の歌舞伎界で活躍している役者の中にも、仁左衛門の歌舞伎教室をきっかけに歌舞伎に興味を持ち、歌舞伎の門を叩いた者が少なくない。
Many kabuki actors actively engaged in kabuki today entered the kabuki world after becoming interested in kabuki through Nizaemon's kabuki kyoshitu.

安土桃山時代に入ると身分制が崩壊した混乱期に乗じて有力な町人が活躍し始め、織豊期の前後には市井の女性たちが自由に化粧を楽しんだ。
In the Azuchi-Momoyama period, some influential merchants took advantage of the confusion in the collapse of the class system and they began to increase their power, and ordinary women enjoyed makeup in their favorite styles around the Shokuho period (also known as the Azuchi-Momoyama period).

そのため、日本の伝統的な寿司の調理法から大きく飛躍（あるいは逸脱）した調理法の料理までもが「スシ」として販売されるようになった。
Therefore, even dishes prepared in a manner largely far (or departing) from a Japanese traditional manner of preparing sushi came to be sold as 'sushi.'
For this reason, even the dishes, whose cooking method for sushi is largely out of the traditional one in Japan, are sold as 'sushi'.

実質的な祖は鳥飼元光で、摂津国猿楽の鳥飼座に属したのち京都に出て手猿楽の役者として活躍し、和泉守の守領号を下賜されたといわれる。
The actual founder is said to be 鳥飼元光, who belonged to Torikai za (a troupe of Sarugaku (form of theater popular in Japan during the 11th to 14th centuries)) of Settsu Province sarugaku, was later active as a tesarugaku (amateur noh) actor, and was granted a shuryogo as Izuminokami Guard.

後に増見の子・林太郎が1917年に宗家を復興して、金春惣右衛門国泰（二十一世）を名乗り、柿本豊次（人間国宝）らとともに活躍した。
Then, the son of MASUMI, Rintaro, revived the head family in 1917, and took the name of KONPARU Soemon Kuniyasu (the twenty-first head), busily engaging in his work with Toyoji KAKIMOTO (Living National Treasure).

初世進藤久右衛門忠次（1552年～1635年）が、手猿楽のワキとして活躍していた堀池宗活（観世元頼の弟子）に学んで一流を興した。
The first generation head was Kyuemon Tadatsugu SHINDO (1552 - 1635), who had learned from Sokatsu HORIIKE (a follower of Motoyori KANZE), a great waki (supporting actor) performer of te-sarugaku (amateur Noh), before the establishment of this school.

1156年（保元元）の保元の乱および1159年（平治元）の平治の乱では、源義朝麾下（畠山氏に従属との説もあり）に従軍し活躍した。
During the Hogen War in 1156, and the Heiji War in 1159, the party followed the troops under MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi's command (some say that the party was subordinate to the Hatakeyama clan) and they fought bravely.

広嗣の弟である藤原良継や藤原百川は称徳天皇の後継に光仁天皇を擁立することに成功し、道鏡・吉備真備に代わって政権の中枢に躍り出た。
FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and FUJIWARA no Momokawa, younger brothers of Hirotsugu, were successful in helping Emperor Konin to succeed Emperor Shotoku, and rose in the heart of the government instead of Dokyo and KIBI no Makibi.

特に神亀年間（724年 - 729年）に長歌6首を詠み、車持千年（くりまもちのちとせ）・山部赤人と並んで歌人として活躍している。
In the period from 724 to 729 in particular he wrote six choka (long poems) which put him at the same level as other poets of his time, such as KURIMAMOCHI no Chitose and YAMABE no Akahito.

信長が亡くなると、豊臣秀吉に仕えて茶人として度々、茶会に出席して活躍し茶器の名品「古瀬戸肩衝茶入」（長谷川肩衝）を所持していた。
After Nobunaga died, he served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, often held tea ceremonies as a master of tea ceremony actively, and owned a masterpiece of tea utensils, Koseto katatsuki chaire (tea leaves pot with Koseto style) (Katatsuki HASEGAWA).

家臣の福原氏や友好関係を結んでいた宍戸氏らの協力、そして遅れて到着した大内義隆の援軍・陶晴賢の活躍もあって、この戦いに勝利した。
He won this battle, supported by his retainers such as those from the Fukuhara clan as well as his allies, the Shishido clan and Harutaka SUE, who, having arrived belatedly to the castle, displayed his military prowess in commanding reinforcements from Yoshitaka OUCHI.

50歳前後で没した華岳、麦僊に対し、竹喬は戦後も日本画壇の重鎮として活躍し、1976年（昭和51年）には文化勲章を受章している。
While Kagaku and Bakusen had died at the age of around 50, Chikkyo remained as a leading figure in the Japanese art world in the post war period and was awarded Bunka Kunsho (Order of Culture) in 1976.

児島高徳（兒嶋　髙德・こじまたかのり、生没年未詳）は、鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけて活躍した備前国出身の武士。
Takanori KOJIMA (dates of birth and death are unknown) was a samurai from Bizen Province who lived from the end of the Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).

しかし室町幕府のもとで飛躍的に勢力を拡大した赤松氏も、足利義教の行った恐怖政治と惣領制への干渉を受け、やがて嘉吉の乱を起こした。
However, the Akamatsu clan which rapidly gained power under Muromachi bakufu was interfered by the Reign of Terror and the Soryo system carried out by Yoshimasa Ashikaga and eventually started the Kakitsu coup.

1892年には妻を亡くし、翌1893年には共に長く活躍した河竹黙阿弥が没するなど悲報も相次ぎ、壽輔はかなり意気消沈したとされる。
It is said that Jusuke became severely depressed about a series of sad news such as losing his wife in 1892, and the following year, in 1893, Mokuami KAWATAKE with whom he had been active for a long time.

並河誠所（なみかわせいしょ、寛文8年（1668年） - 元文3年（1738年））は、江戸時代中期に活躍した儒学者・地理学者。
Seisho NAMIKAWA (1668-1738) was a Confucian scholar and a geographer, who was prominent in the middle of the Edo period.

親朝は、鎌倉幕府の御家人として活躍するが、延応2年（1240年）3月12日には、番衛不参という失態のため、出仕を停止されている。
He worked actively as a Gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods), but on April 12, 1240, he made a terrible blunder and he forgot to attend the watch duty, so he was prohibited from serving for the government.

元号が代わって明治元年（1868年）10月28日遠国奉行明治初期の府の設置と変遷判事に任じられ、新政府高官としての活躍が始まる。
On October 28, 1868 after the new era began, he was appointed to constitute prefecture at the beginning of Meiji, Nichien Province magistrate, and to be a judge to start working as a high official of the new government.

観阿弥は、はじめ興福寺、春日大社などの神事能に奉仕する大和猿楽四座の結崎座の一員として、大和および、近隣の各地で活躍していたが、
In the beginning, he was a member of Yuzaki troupe of the Yamato-sarugaku Shiza company performing shinjino (sacred Noh dance) at Kofuku-ji Temple and the Kasuga-taisha Grand Shrine, and he gave performances in Yamato and nearby regions.

天仁元年（1108年）に従五位下に叙せられてから、出雲国・三河国・丹後国・丹波国の受領を歴任する一方、実務官僚としても活躍する。
He successively held posts of Zuryo (the head of the provincial governors) of Izumo, Mikawa, Tango, and Tanba Provinces, and was governmental official responsible for practical works after he was appointed to the court rank of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) in 1108.

一方、1952年には独立プロ「現代ぷろだくしょん」を設立し、翌年第1回監督作品『蟹工船』を発表するなど映画監督としても活躍した。
At the same time, he also established an independent production company 'Gendai Production' in 1952, and also had been active as a director including the release of 'Kanikosen'(The Crab Cannery Ship), the first movie he directed in the next year.

大坂の役にも参加し、特に夏の陣では大和国口の先鋒の将に指名され、道明寺の戦いなどで活躍し、大坂城一番乗りの功を越前勢と分け合う。
He also joined the Siege of Osaka, and especially in the Summer Siege of Osaka, he was appointed as leader of the spearhead army in the Yamato Province area, and fought actively in the battle of the Domyo-ji Temple and shared the honor of being first to charge the Osaka-jo Castle with the Echizen army.

そのため、本来ならば戦後に処罰されるはずであったが、次男の秀家が東軍に属して関ヶ原本戦で活躍したため、所領を安堵されたのである。
This should have caused him to be punished after the war, but he was granted Shoryo Ando (act of providing authorization for land ownership and guaranteeing feudal tenure) because his second son Hideie took the side of the Eastern squad and played an important role in the final battle in Sekigahara.

織田信長の転落と、その家臣の豊臣秀吉の躍進を予想し、結果的にそれが的中したことで恵瓊の慧眼を示す逸話としてよく引き合いに出される。
This letter has often been quoted as an anecdote to show Ekei's insight because he forecasted the downfall of Nobunaga ODA and the strong showing of his follower, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and as a result his expectations were proved to be correct.

有名なところでは、上村松園や西山翠嶂をはじめ、西村五雲、土田麦僊、小野竹喬、池田遙邨、谷口香嶠、橋本関雪、菊池契月などが活躍した。
Famous people among them are Shoen UEMURA, Suisho NISHIYAMA and others like Goun NISHIMURA, Bakusen TSUCHIDA, Chikkyo ONO, Yoson IKEDA, Kokyo TANIGUCHI, Kansetsu HASHIMOTO, Keigetsu KIKUCHI.

柳田国男の論を受けた渡辺保によれば、「踊り」が飛躍や跳躍を含む語であるのに対し、「舞」は「まわる」つまり円運動を意味する語である。
According to Tamotsu WATANABE who is following a theory by Kunio YANAGIDA, the term 'Odori' (dances in Classical Japanese dance, and so on) also refers to jumping, but, the term 'Mai' (dances in Noh) means 'revolving' which means a circular movement.

1908年（明治41年）来、横田永之助の横田商会、1912年（大正元年）の4社合併後の日活で牧野省三は映画監督として活躍していた。
Shozo MAKINO worked actively as a movie director, first at Einosuke YOKOTA's Yokota Shokai from 1908, and then at Nikkatsu after the 4 company merger in 1912.

なお一時期、青森県の公共団体が、偽書『東日流外三郡誌』の記載に基づき、安東氏の活躍を村おこしに繋げようとする試みをしたことがある。
In addition, a public organization in Aomori Prefecture once tried to make use of the remarkable history of the Ando clan for a project to promote the economic development of the area, based on an apocrypha 'Tsugaru Sangun-shi' (The history of the three countries in Tsugaru region).

他学部の学生もこれに続いた（このとき文学部の大学院生・学生のグループで活躍したのが中井正一、久野収、花田清輝、高木養根らである）。
The students in other faculties also followed (Masakazu NAKAI, Osamu KUNO, Kiyoteru HANADA, Yasumoto TAKAGI and others who were active in groups for graduate and undergraduate students in the Faculty of Letters).

18世紀末に、ロシアに漂流しエカチェリーナ2世に謁見した大黒屋光太夫や、幕末に活躍する中浜万次郎（ジョン万次郎）もその一人である。
Kodayu DAIKOKUYA, who drifted to Russia and presented to Catherine II of Russia at the end of the 18th century, and Manjiro NAKAHAMA (John Manjiro), who would play an active role at the end of Edo period, were one of them.

歌壇でも活躍し、長治2年(1105年)頃奏覧の『堀河院御時百首和歌』に出詠し、生前編纂された第四勅撰後拾遺和歌集の作者にもなった。
He was also very active in poetry circles, composing a poem for the imperial collection of 1105, 'Horikawa-in On-toki Hyakushu Waka' (Horikawa Hundred Poems); additionally, his poem was chosen for the Goshui wakashu, the fourth imperial anthology of waka poetry, which was edited while he was still alive.

元禄-正徳 (日本)年間に活躍した公家で有職家の野宮定基は、源雅亮の著ということを疑っているが、積極的にこれを否定する理由は無い。
Although Sadamoto NONOMIYA, a court noble and an expert in court lore who was active during the Genroku and Shotoku eras (Japan), doubted that it was written by MINAMOTO no Masasuke, there is no reason to positively deny the author's identity.

額田王（ぬかたのおおきみ、ぬかたのきみとも、生没年不詳）は、皇極天皇朝から持統天皇朝に活躍した、日本の代表的な女流万葉歌人である。
Nukata no Okimi (also known as Nukata no Kimi) (dates of birth and death unknown) was a leading female Japanese poet who was active during the reigns of the emperors Kogyoku and Jito with poems in the 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten-Thousand Leaves).

豊臣政権において京都所司代として朝廷のと交渉役を務め、天正16年（1588年）の後陽成天皇の聚楽第行幸では奉行として活躍している。
As the Kyoto Shoshidai, he played the role of negotiator between the Imperial Court and the Shogunate, and was a Bugyo (commissioner) for the 1588 visit by Emperor Goyozei to the Shogun's Jurakudai palace,.

足利尊氏、上野国の新田義貞らの活躍で鎌倉幕府は滅亡し、入京した後醍醐天皇により建武の新政が開始されると、雑訴決断所の奉行人となる。
After Takauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA, who lived in Kozuke Province, fought well and defeated Kamakura bakufu, the Kenmu Restoration was started by Emperor Godaigo, and Doyo was appointed as a judge of the Zasshoketsudansho (a type of civil court).

しかし、実際は父・教之の指導下に置かれており、守護として活躍したと言うより足利義政の御供衆として人生の大半を京都において過ごした。
Nevertheless he was actually under guidance of his father Noriyuki YAMANA, and he lived most of his life in Kyoto as otomoshu (a group of about ten attendants who joined the shogun at banquets and accompanied him) of Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, rather than worked actively as Shugo.

のちに鳥羽伏見の戦いや西南戦争で大活躍する野津鎮雄、野津道貫兄弟の剣術師範であり、一時期は内弟子として二人を自宅に住まわせていた。
He was a grand master of swordplay for the Shizuo and Michitsura NOZU brothers who played active roles in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi and the Seinan War, and made them stay in his home temporarily as private pupils.

ただしその活躍は武士としてよりも、文官に近い実務官僚としてであり、また歌人としても有名で、『新勅撰和歌集』には10首選ばれている。
He made creditable achievements as a governmental official responsible for practical works rather than a samurai, and was so famous as a poet that his ten poems were selected in 'Shin chokusen wakashu (New Imperial Anthology of Japanese Poetry)'.

父・蔵一は櫓奉行格に取り立てられ、会計方として亀山藩に仕えていた人物であったため、源太郎も経済界で活躍することを期待されて育った。
Since his father, Kuraichi was appointed as Yagura-bugyo-kaku (Marshal of the Watchtowers) and served in the office of accounting in Kameyama Domain, Gentaro was raised in the expectation that he would be active in a business society.

鳥羽院別当をつとめていたことで後白河法皇の信任を得て、後白河院庁でも別当に任じられ、法皇最大の側近の一人（院近臣）として活躍した。
He gained the trust of Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa since he was serving as betto (chief officer) in Toba-in (cloister government by the Retired Emperor Toba), and after being appointed as betto in Goshirakawa-incho (the retired Emperor Goshirakawa's Office), also, he made success as one of the biggest aides of the Cloistered Emperor (In no Kinshin).

（如水は信長の実力を認めながらも、信長に仕えても軍師として活躍の場が与えられないと考え、あえて秀吉を選んだという説が有力である。）
(It is commonly thought that Josui daringly chose Hideyoshi in spite of admitting the ability of Nobunaga because he could not get an opportunity to show his ability as a strategist under Nobunaga.)

織田信長が美濃国攻めを開始した頃、信長の家臣となり、黒母衣衆に名を連ね、信長の上洛における諸合戦や一向一揆討伐戦などにおいて活躍。
When Nobunaga ODA started the attack on Mino Province, he became a vassal of Nobunaga as a member of Kuro horo shu (an elite bodyguard unit in black) and played an active role at various battles for Nobunaga's going to Kyoto and putting down Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers).

坂上是則（当道の孫）、坂上望城（当道の曾孫）は歌人として名を成し、その子孫は検非違使大尉や明法博士など法律に関する分野で活躍した。
SAKANOUE no Korenori (Masamichi's grandson) and SAKANOUE no Mochiki (Masamichi's great-grandson) became famous as kajin (waka poet), their descendants did great performances as a Kebiishi police officer and in the law field as a Myobo hakase (teacher of the law in the Ritsuryo system).

卒業生は、専門分野における特性を反映し、僧侶・教員・図書館司書・博物館学芸員・社会福祉・出版等々、幅広い分野において活躍している。
With their specialized knowledge, graduates are activity involved in diverse fields of endeavor as monks, teachers, librarians, curators, social welfare workers, editors and so on.

日本刀は、「武士の魂」、神器としての精神的、宗教的価値や美術的価値が重視される一方で、戦場ではそれほど活躍しなかったとする説がある。
Japanese swords were 'the very soul of the samurai' and its mental and religious value as sacred treasures and artistic value were emphasized, but on the other hand, it is said that they didn't achieve much on the battlefields.

王子神社の田楽・、白鬚神社の田楽、御宝殿の稚児田楽・風流、小滝のチョウクライロ舞、大日堂舞楽などには稚児が演じる躍り系の田楽がある。
There are Dengaku dances featuring child dancers, including the Oji-jinja Shrine Dengaku dance, Shirahige-jinja Shrine Dengaku dance, Gohoden's Children's Dengaku/Furyu, Kotaki Chokurairo Dance, Dainichi-do Dance and more.

これを考案したのは、明治に熊本、東京で活躍した九州系地歌演奏家の長谷幸輝（ながたにゆきてる・1843年 - 1920年）といわれる。
It is said that the person who invented this design was Yukiteru NAGATANI (1843 - 1920), a jiuta performer of the Kyushu school who was active in Kumamoto and Tokyo during the Meiji period.

テレビなどメディア (媒体)の影響もあり、国際的に活躍する日本人の有名料理人（スターシェフ、Star Chef）も多数出現している。
Affected by media, such as TV, as well, many internationally active Japanese star chefs have appeared.

しかしキリスト教が広まると、キリスト教の教義や、キリシタン大名の人徳や活躍ぶり（特に高山右近）に感化され、自ら入信する大名が現れた。
However, as Christianity continued to spread, some daimyo (notably Ukon TAKAYAMA) found themselves impressed with Christianity's doctrines as well as with the virtue and vigor of Christian daimyo, and chose to believe in the religion on their own initiative.

一方、帰正隊として新政府に編入された残余の伝習隊は房総半島の鎮撫活動に活躍し、明治2年には箱館に向けて出陣し、脱走幕府軍を攻撃した。
On the other hand, the rest of Denshutai who joined the new government as Kiseitai contributed to the suppression of the Boso Peninsula, and they took the field to Hakodate in 1869 to attack the escaped bakufu army.

長慶院・花山院家賢・花山院師賢・後醍醐天皇・洞院公泰・尊良親王・北畠親房ら、乱世にあって獅子奮迅の活躍を遂げた英傑の面々も登場する。
Poems composed by great men who had lively roles and great energy in those troubled times were also selected: Chokeiin, Iekata KAZANIN, Morokata KAZANIN, Emperor Godaigo, Kinyasu TOIN, Imperial Prince Takayoshi, and Chikafusa KITABATAKE.

一般に伝えられる孝高の活躍については、軍師の活躍をよりきらびやかに描こうとする江戸時代の軍記物などで誇張された部分も多いと言われる。
With respect to the career of Yoshitaka, it is said that there are many exaggerations in military epics written in the Edo period in order to glamorize military strategists in action.

このときの義興の活躍は相当のものだったようであり、永正9年（1512年）3月にはその武功により、従三位に昇位されて公卿に列せられた。
Yoshioki's achievements of this period must have been considerable for he was promoted to the third rank at court, on a par with the Kugyo (nobles) in March 1512.

また、劇聖と呼ばれ活躍した九代目市川團十郎のために書いた『北条九代名家功』（高時）『紅葉狩』『極付幡随長兵衛』（湯殿の長兵衛）など。
In addition, he also wrote plays for Danjuro ICHIKAWA IX (the ninth) who was called a gekisei (accomplished actor), which included 'Hojo Kudai Meika no Isaoshi' (Exploits of the Ninth Hojo Shogun's Illustrious Family) (commonly called Takatoki, referring to the ninth family head of the Hojo clan), 'Momijigari' (Viewing the Autumn Foliage), and 'Kiwametsuki Banzui Chobei' (The Renowned Banzui Chobei) (commonly called Yudono no Chobei, literally meaning Chobei in the bathroom).

その後、京、大阪で活躍近松門左衛門と提携し『傾城仏の原』・『けいせい壬生大念仏』・『仏母摩耶山開帳』などの近松の作品を多く上演した。
He then became prominent in Kyoto and Osaka, where he cooperated with Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU and performed many of Chikamatsu's works such as; the 'Keisei Hotoke-no-hara' (Courtesan and a family feud in Echizen Province), the 'Keisei Mibu Dai-nenbutsu'(Courtesan and Lectures on Buddhism in Mibu), and the 'Butsumo Mayasan Kaicho'(Courtesan and a family feud, a work dedicated to the establishment of a Buddhist statue in Mt. Maya).

また、母校の立命館大学や、京都薬科大学で理事職にあったほか、京都外国語大学では理事長を勤めるなど教育界においても幅広い活躍をみせた。
He also played an active role in a wide range of education circles by serving as a board member of Kyoto Pharmaceutical University and his alma mater, Ritsumeikan University, and elsewhere, and by sitting as President of Kyoto University of Foreign Studies.

このような両皇子の活躍や当時のヤマト王権と吉備国との対立構図が、後世の桃太郎伝説の基礎となったのではないかとの見方が有力視されている。
The view that such great successes of the both princes and a confrontational relation between Yamato dynasty and Kibi Province in those days formed the basis of later legend of Momotaro is widely accepted

また千代田高女（武蔵野大学の前身）や武蔵野女子学園を創設、また盲人教育、少年保護、保育所、簡易宿泊所やあそか病院などを設立し活躍した。
He also founded Chiyoda Girls School (former Musashino University) and Musashino Girls' School, and he was also active in education for the blind, protection of youths, and foundation of day-care centers, hostels and Asoka Hospital.

以後は長男坂田藤十郎 (4代目)とともに映画やテレビで活躍するようになり、とりわけ映画では大映を中心に約10年間目覚しい活躍を見せた。
After that, together with the eldest son, Tojuro SAKATA, the fourth, he was actively engaged in movies and TV and, in particular in cinemas, Ganjiro played an important role centering on Daiei Co., Ltd. for approximately ten years.

食用米の精米機と、酒造米の精米機は、構造的に大きく異なる部分があり、後者は昭和初期に縦型精米機が出現して以降、飛躍的に効率が高まった。
The rice-milling machines for food rice are greatly different in structure from those for rice for sake brewing and the efficiency of the latter has dramatically improved since the appearance of the vertical-type rice-milling machine early in the Showa period.

平家物語の巻十一「弓流し」などから取材され、屋島の戦いにおける源義経主従の活躍と修羅道におちた武将の苦しみが流麗な文体で描かれている。
Yashima is based on stories such as 'Yuminagashi,' which is a story in the Tale of the Heike, Vol.11, and the great performance of MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune and his retainers at the battle of Yashima as well as the suffering of the warlord who spent the afterlife in a hell known as Shurado (which is short for Ashurado: World of Fighting and Slaughter), are written in a flowing and elegant style.

戦国時代末期から安土桃山時代にかけて毛利氏の外交僧として活躍した安国寺恵瓊は、信実の従兄弟である武田信重 (安芸武田氏)の子にあたる。
Ekei ANKOKUJI, a monk who played the role of diplomat for the Mori clan during the period from the end of the Sengoku period to the Azuchi-Momoyama period, was the son of Nobushige Takeda (Aki-Takeda clan), a cousin of Nobuzane.

傍流には、武田氏に仕え陣馬奉行として活躍した原昌俊・原昌胤父子や豊臣秀吉に仕えて関ヶ原の戦いでは西軍についた太田山藩原長頼などがいる。
The branch families of the Hitachi-Toki clan included figures such as Masatoshi HARA and his son Masatane HARA, who served the Takeda clan as Jinba bugyo (administrator in charge of deployment program), and Nagayori HARA, who served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and sided with West squad in the Battle of Sekigahara.

彼らは明徳の乱や応仁の乱など市街地が舞台となった合戦で活躍し、応仁の乱では細川勝元の指示で大内政弘を攻撃するなど、室町政界に参与した。
They excelled in the urban battles in the Meitoku no Ran (Meitoku Rebellion) and the Onin no Ran (Onin War): during the Onin no Ran, they attacked Masahiro OUCHI under the order of Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, playing a part in the Muromachi political arena.

大股は、高野山と十津川村神納川などとの間の物流中継地でもあり、馬方の親方として活躍した池尾馬之介という人物の名が今日に伝えられている。
Omata was also a station town for the transportation of merchandise connecting Mt. Koya and Jinno-gawa River of Totsukawa Village, and among the bosses of the horse stations, Umanosuke IKEO is known.

第二次世界大戦後には日本経済の驚異的な躍進から再びその成功を支える社会的基盤に対する関心が高まって様々な日本人論が著されることになる。
After the World War II, various books on Nihonjin-ron were written again by raising awareness about Japanese social infrastructure that supported marvelous progress in economy.

実業界に転じ、加島屋（現在の大同生命）の再興に尽力したほか、大阪堂島米穀取引所監査役、朝日生命保険株式会社副社長を勤めるなど活躍した。
He then entered the business world and actively dedicated himself to reconstructing Kashimaya (present Daido Life Insurance Company), as well as, taking charge of the auditor of Dojima Rice Exchange, Osaka, and the vice president of Asahi Life Insurance Company.

明治元年（1868年）の戊辰戦争では、大軍監として北関東・会津戦線で活躍し、明治3年（1870年）、藩少参事として藩政改革に尽力した。
In the Boshin War in 1868, he was active on the North Kanto and Aizu fronts as daigunkan (senior commander), and in 1870, he committed to the reformation of domain duties as Han shosanji (second to a governor).

1688年（元禄元年）霊元天皇から和歌てにをは口伝をうけ、中院通茂・武者小路実陰とともに霊元院歌壇の中心的な歌人の一人として活躍した。
Emperor Reigen introduced Sanenari to an oral tradition on usage of words in Waka in 1688, and Sanenari was actively involved in Reigen-in poetry circle as one of the major Kajin together with Michishige NAKANOIN and Sanekage MUSHANOKOJI.

設楽貞雄（しだらさだお、1864年7月3日 - 1943年12月15日）は、明治時代から昭和初期にかけて関西で活躍した民間建築家。
Sadao SHIDARA (July 3, 1864 - December 15, 1943) was a private architect in Kansai from the Meiji era to the early Showa era.

慶応2年 (1866) の小團次死後から明治になっても創作力は衰えず、「團菊左」という三人の名優を擁した歌舞伎界の重鎮として活躍した。
Even after the death of Kodanji in 1866, his creativity did not wane until well into the Meiji period, and he played an active part as a pillar in Kabuki circles in which the three top-billed actors collectively called 'Dan Giku Sa' (consisting of Danjuro ICHIKAWA IX, Kikugoro ONOE V and Sadanji ICHIKAWA I) flourished.

「冷えに冷えたり」（『申楽談義』）と評されるように、幽玄な芸風の持ち主であったらしく、応永二十年代ごろ足利義持の後援を受けて活躍した。
He was rumored to be 'Colder than cold' ('Sarugaku Dangi' (Talks about Sarugaku)) and was a person who seemed to have a mysterious air around him and performed with the support of Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA around 1413.

長皇子（ながのみこ、生年不詳 - 和銅8年6月4日 (旧暦)（715年7月9日））は飛鳥時代後期から奈良時代初期にかけて活躍した皇族。
Naga no miko (year of birth unknown - July 9, 715) was a member of the imperial family, who came to the fore from the late Asuka period to the early Nara period.

父は天武天皇の皇子では比較的年長でありながら、持統朝では活躍の場を与えられず、不遇をかこった（持統天皇に嫌われていたとの意見がある）。
The father of Yamakuma no Okimi was a son of Emperor Tenmu and he had many younger brothers, but he was in obscurity during the reign of Empress Jito because he had few opportunities to play an active part in political affairs (some people believe this was because Empress Jito disliked him).

これらの蒸気機関車は、一部の例外を除けば、概して実用上十分な信頼性・耐久性を備えており、戦前・戦後の鉄道全盛期を通じて縦横に活躍した。
These steam locomotives, with some exceptions, generally had high reliability and durability for practical use so that they worked extensively all through the prewar and postwar glory days for railroads.

幕府が諸藩の留守居役による暗躍・工作活動を嫌い江戸城登城を禁止した時期も数次に及ぶが、不便であるためまたすぐに解禁されるなどしていた。
Hating secret maneuvers by Rusui officers of domains, the bakufu prohibited them from entering the Edo castle several times, but the prohibition was released each time soon because the measure caused inconvenience.

このメルマガは、昨今の語学産業界の甘言に躍らされることなく、文法解釈という古典的学習法こそ王道と信じて疑わない方のためのメルマガです。
This e-zine is for those who, unswayed by the cajolery of the modern language industry, firmly trust that the traditional learning method of grammatical analysis is the way to go.

その一方で「残月」「越後獅子」「吾妻獅子」「梅の月」など、手事を技巧的で長いものとし、三味線が器楽的に大いに活躍する曲をも多数作曲した。
However, he also wrote many pieces such as 'Zangetsu' (A Morning Moon), 'Echigo Jishi' (Lion of Echigo), 'Azuma Jishi' (Lion of Azuma) and 'Ume no Tsuki' (Plum Moon) in which the tegotomono is long and technical, and in which the shamisen is a featured instrument.

静岡県は、昔はそれほどの酒どころでもなかったが、1980年代に清酒酵母静岡酵母の誕生により一躍「吟醸酒王国」などと呼ばれるようになった。
In the past, Shizuoka Prefecture wasn't famous as a sake-producing area, but thanks to the birth of the Shizuoka sake yeast in the 1980s the prefecture came to be called the 'Kingdom of ginjo sake.'

作者は不明ながら、人物の表情や躍動感を軽妙な筆致で描いた絵巻の一大傑作であり、『鳥獣人物戯画』とともに、日本の漫画文化のルーツとされる。
Although the authorship is unclear, this is a masterpiece of emaki, depicting people's faces and dynamic movements in a light and easy style, and along with 'Choju Jinbutsu Giga,' it is considered to be an origin of Japanese manga culture.

後に西宮町を含む灘地方（摂津国西部沿岸地域）における酒造業の飛躍的発展に伴って、三田藩領及び周辺の米も酒米として利用されるようになった。
As the sake brewing industry later developed rapidly in the Nada area (a coastal area in the western part of Settsu Province), rice grown in the territory of Sanda Domain and its surroundings was also used for brewing sake.

近代農学の成立期である明治時代には、官主導による近代農学に対する民間での農事改良の担い手として「老農」とよばれる農民たちが活躍していた。
During the Meiji period, in which modern agriculture was formed, farmers called 'Rono' (elderly farmers) took the leadership of agricultural improvements in private sector, in contrast to modern science of agriculture led by the government.

佐賀の七賢人（さがのしちけんじん）は、江戸時代末期（幕末）から明治時代にかけて活躍した、佐賀藩（今の佐賀県）出身の偉人七人の総称である。
Seven wise men in Saga was a general name of seven great men of Saga, who made remarkable services in the end of Edo Period (the last days of Tokugawa Shogunate) to Meiji period.

江戸在留中の元禄3年12月23日 (旧暦)（1691年1月21日）に本所の火消し大名に任命され、以降、しばしば火消し大名として活躍した。
On January 21, 1691, he was assigned as a firefighter of Honjo (proprietor or guarantor of a private estate) when he was in Edo, and he sometimes worked as a firefighter since then.

『日本書紀』が壬申の乱について述べるくだりに糠虫の名は現れないが、後述の贈位記事によって大海人皇子側で何らかの活躍をしたことが知られる。
In 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), there is no description of Nukamushi's achievement in the Jinshin War, however, according to the following article, he was given a rank after the war, therefore, he is considered to have supported Oama no Miko in the war.

嘉永3年（1850年）には「エゲレス語和解」の編集に従事し、嘉永6年（1853年）のプチャーチン来航の際は川路聖謨の通詞として活躍する。
In 1850, he engaged in editing of 'English explained in Japanese', and showed a great performance as the interpreter for Toshiakira KAWAJI during the visit of Evfimiy Vasil'evich Putyatin to Japan in 1853.

篠田芥津（しのだかいしん、男性、文政4年（1821年） – 明治35年（1902年））は、明治時代に京都で活躍した日本の篆刻家である。
Kaishin SHINODA (male, 1821-1902) was a tenkokuka (artist of seal engraving) who was active in Kyoto in the Meiji period.

帰国後には洋書を皮切りに輸入商として活躍、その傍ら印刷を輸入して出版業を始め「六合新聞（りくごうしんぶん）」を出版し海外事情を紹介した。
After this trip, he engaged in import business by dealing with foreign books while he also started publishing business by importing printing equipment and method in order to introduce the news around the world through his 'Rikugo shinbun-Newspaper.'

早くより能書で知られ草書の第一人者としての評価も高く、円融天皇、花山天皇、一条天皇の3天皇の大嘗会の屏風の色紙形の筆者としても活躍した。
He was known as a calligrapher, especially in cursive script calligraphy, and wrote on shikishigata (colored-paper) on a folding screen for Daijoe (banquet on the occasion of the first ceremonial offering of rice by the newly-enthroned emperor) for Emperor Enyu, Emperor Kazan and Emperor Ichijo.

中納言巨勢野足を父に持つ少壮貴族の出身であったが、その豊かな画才を朝廷に認められ、宇多天皇や藤原基経といった権力者の恩顧を得て活躍した。
He was a youthful noble with Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) KOSE no Notari as his father, but his rich artistic talent was recognized by the Imperial Court, and he flourished under the patronage of influential persons such as Emperor Uda and FUJIWARA no Mototsune.

佐久間や林にはそれなりの実績があったが、同様の譜代家臣ながら北陸方面軍の指揮官として活躍する柴田勝家などと比すと物足りないものがあった。
Although Sakuma and Hayashi made contributions to some extent, they were inferior to other hereditary senior vassals such as Katsuie SHIBATA who contributed much as a commander of the Hokuriku district army.

江戸時代初期に絵師として活躍し浮世絵の祖といわれる岩佐又兵衛は、信長による処刑から乳母の機転によって生き延びた子孫のひとりとされている。
Matabei IWASA, a painter in the early Edo period and recognized as the patriarch of Japanese woodblock print, is thought to be one of Murashige's descendants who escaped from Nobunaga's execution by the wet nurse's quick thinking.

武勇に優れた一面もあり、長政に従って織田信長との戦いで活躍したが、元亀2年（1571年）10月に豊臣秀吉の調略に応じてその与力となった。
There was also another aspect that he had excellent military prowess and he was active in the battle against Nobunaga ODA, following Nagamasa, but in October, 1571, in response to a stratagem of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, he became Hideyoshi's yoriki (a police sergeant).

長禄2年（1458年）に始まった越前守護斯波義敏と越前守護代甲斐常治の合戦（長禄合戦）で、孝景は守護代側に与し、その主力として活躍する。
During the battle that began in 1458 between the military governor of Echizen, Yoshitoshi SHIBA, and the deputy military governor of Echizen, Jochi KAI, (battle of Choroku), Takakage took the side of the deputy military governor and played an active role as the main force.

私の目には、精神の躍動する姿が感じられ、いままで自分だと思っていた不完全で分裂した態度よりも、ずっとはっきりしていてひたむきに思われた。
In my eyes it bore a livelier image of the spirit, it seemed more express and single, than the imperfect and divided countenance I had been hitherto accustomed to call mine.

そのなかにあって叔孫通が漢の宮廷儀礼を定め、陸賈が南越王を朝貢させ、伏生が『今文尚書』を伝えるなど、秦の博士官であった儒者たちが活躍した。
Under these circumstances, Confucianist who were erudite officers in Qin took active roles, such as Shuku Sontsu who defined the court etiquette of Han, Riku Ka who made the king of Nanyue pay tribute to the court, and Fuku Sho (Fu Sheng) who introduced the 'Kinbunshosho' (a New Text version of the Classic of History).

歌川芳藤は子供のための玩具絵と呼ばれる、今で言う紙でできた付録のようなものを浮世絵で手がけ、その工夫がうけて玩具絵専用絵師として活躍した。
Yoshifuji UTAGAWA applied Ukiyoe on Omochae, which is now called paper appendices, and, due to the popularity of the idea, played an active role as an Eshi painter specializing in Omochae.

光崎検校（みつざきけんぎょう、生年不詳 - 1853年頃）は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家（地歌三味線、箏演奏家、作曲家）。
Kengyo MITSUZAKI (year of birth unknown, but estimated around 1853) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).

この頃からは、多くの弟子たちが個別に活躍するようになり、上村松園や西山翠嶂をはじめ、西村五雲、土田麦僊、小野竹喬、池田遙邨などが活躍した。
After that time, a lot of pupils started to work actively and individually like Shoen UEMURA, Suisho NISHIYAMA and others like Goun NISHIMURA, Bakusen TSUCHIDA, Chikkyo ONO, Yoson IKEDA.

法皇は、男装した女性が今様を歌いながら舞う白拍子や、歌に合わせて操り人形を躍らせる芸などを演ずる傀儡（傀儡子）などの芸人とも交流をもった。
The Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa had interactions with entertainers such as shirabyoshi who were women dressed up in clothing of a man and danced while singing imayo, and kugutsu (kugutsushi [puppet player]) who manipulated puppets in time with a song.

徳川家が長政の娘（崇源院）を娶っている関係上、徳川家の意により後に浅井側の活躍を誇張したもので実際は始めから織田側が圧倒していたとする説。
A theory suggests that because Nagamasa's daughter (Sugenin) had married to one in the Tokugawa clan, later the performance of Azai side was exaggerated deliberately by the Tokugawa clan and, in reality, Oda side overwhelmed Azai from the beginning.

『日本書紀』の所伝によると、応神朝から軍事氏族としての活躍が見え、履中朝に平群木菟宿禰（へぐりのつくのすくね）が国政に携わるようになった。
According to 'Nihon Shoki' (Chronicles of Japan), the Heguri clan was active as a military clan from Emperor Ojin's Court and HEGURI no Tsuku no Sukune came to participate in the national politics in Emperor Richu's Court.

伝来したと思われる1865年・1866年の両年に限っても、幕末・明治維新に活躍した幾人もの著名人が『万国公法』の輸入に素早い反応を示した。
Already in 1865 and 1866, the year that 'Bankoku Koho' seemed to be imported, well-known persons in the late Edo period and the Meiji Restoration interested in import of 'Bankoku Koho.'

蘇我氏の祖の武内宿禰は応神天皇の母、神功皇后の忠臣として活躍し神功皇后はトヨの海の神と強く結ばれ「豊浦宮」（とゆらのみや）に拠点を構えた。
TAKENOUCHI no Sukune, the founder of the Soga clan, worked as a loyal subject to Emperor Jingu, the mother of Emperor Ojin, while Empress Jingu was strongly connected to the sea god of Toyo and created a stronghold at 'Toyura no miya.'

嘉永元年（1848年）、偽装漂着のアメリカ人ラナルド・マクドナルドから本格的に英語を学び、蘭・英2カ国語を使いこなせる通詞として活躍する。
In 1848, he professionally learned English from Ranald MacDonald, an American who had entered Japan disguising himself as a castaway; he became an interpreter who could used Dutch and English perfectly and played very important role in those days.

長姉の和泉淳子（本名・山脇淳子から結婚後の姓不詳 1969-）は「狂言界史上初の女性狂言師」としてCMなどにも出演し、一躍話題の人となる。
His eldest sister Junko IZUMI (real name is Junko YAMAWAKI, her family name after marriage is unknown, 1969 -) became a person who was much talked about when she appeared in TV spot advertising as 'the first-ever female kyogen performer.'

天正18年（1590年）尾張国犬山藩1万2千石（のち12万石）を領し、また、豊臣氏の信濃国木曾の太閤蔵入地10万石の代官としても活躍した。
He became in 1590 the lord of Inuyama Domain in Owari Province, whose kokudaka (crop yield) was 12.000 koku (1 koku is about 180 litters) (later 120, 000 koku), and he also worked as the daikan (local governor) of taiko kurairechi (the land directly controlled by Taiko Hideyoshi) of 100,000 koku owned by the Toyotomi clan at Kiso in Shinano Province.

以後、北条氏の外戚として鎌倉幕府の有力御家人であったが伊賀氏の変以後勢力を弱め、評定衆、引付衆など幕府の実務官僚として活躍した家系である。
Although the clan had been senior vassals of the Kamakura bakufu as maternal relatives of the Hojo clan, they lost their power due to the Incident of the Iga clan, and then they worked as governmental officials responsible for practical works such as Hyojoshu (a member of Council of State) and Hikitsukeshu (Coadjutor of the High Court).

篠山口駅以南の複線化による増発で大阪駅へのアクセスが飛躍的に向上し、JR東西線の開業で大阪市内や大阪東部、奈良方面とのアクセスも充実した。
Along with the double-tracked line below Sasayamaguchi Station, the number of trains has increased and access to Osaka Station has improved dramatically; moreover, the inauguration of the JR Tozai Line has provided good accessibility to Osaka City, eastern Osaka and the direction of Nara.

だから、ブラバンド生まれの男は、早く市のたつ場所にかけつけて、金物の商品をつんだ自分の荷車に、いい場所を確保しようと躍起になっていました。
and the Brabantois was in haste to reach the fair and get a good place for his truck of brass wares.

江戸時代後期の文化三年（1806年）、三代目中村歌右衛門と共に活躍し、当時の上方舞踊界を席巻した上方歌舞伎の振付師・山村友五郎によって創設。
A school established in 1806, the later Edo period, by Yugoro YAMAMURA, a choreographer of kamigata kabuki (kabuki of Kyoto and Osaka region), who worked with Utaemon NAKAMURA the third, dominating the world of kamigata dance at that time.

5世小堀政峯は、徳川家継・徳川吉宗・徳川家重の3代に仕え、若年寄を2度務めるなど幕閣の一員として活躍し、譜代大名並の格式を許された人である。
Masamine KOBORI, the fifth head of the clan, served the three generations of Ietsugu TOKUGAWA, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA and Ieshige TOKUGAWA, and was appointed as a wakadoshiyori (a managerial position in Edo bakufu) twice, being active as a member of the feudal government and having a prestigious designation as a hereditary daimyo.

陸奥権介となり、鎮守府将軍小野春風を助け、878年の元慶の乱（秋田城で蝦夷が起こした反乱）を鎮圧するために出兵するなど軍人としても活躍した。
He became Mutsu Gon no suke (provisional vice governor of Mutsu Province), and aided Chinju-fu shogun (Commander-in-Chief of the Defense of the North) ONO no Harukaze, playing an important military role in suppressing the rebels in the Gangyo War (a rebellion staged by Ezo (northerners) in Akita-jo castle).

土佐藩兵は板垣を大将に戊辰戦争でよく活躍しており、さらに大政奉還の青写真を描いたのは坂本龍馬であったが、それを実行に移したのは容堂であった。
The soldiers of the Tosa clan fought well in the Boshin Civil War under the leadership of Taisuke ITAGAKI, and while Ryoma SAKAMOTO planned the restoration of Imperial rule, it was carried out by Yodo.

行家は治承・寿永の乱の際に以仁王の平家追討の令旨を全国の源氏に伝え挙兵を促すなど活躍したが、平家滅亡後に甥の源頼朝と対立し、敗れ殺害された。
Yukiie played an active role in passing on to all Genji people in the country Prince Mochihito's order to hunt down and kill the Heike family and raise an army against the Heike clan during the Jisho-Juei War, but after the fall of the Heike clan he entered a conflict with his nephew, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, as a result of which he was defeated and killed.

太田資長は文明 (日本)10年（1478年）に剃髪し道灌と号し、文明18年（1486年）に謀殺されるまで江戸城を中心に南関東一円で活躍した。
Even after entering into priesthood in 1478 by shaving his head and calling himself Dokan, Sukenaga OTA ruled over the southern Kanto region from his base of power in the southern Kanto region until his assasination in 1486.

すなわち、銀の産出が低迷していたのに加え、海外流出による絶対量の不足、さらに人口は2倍程度に増加し経済活動は飛躍的に発展していたのであった。
In other words, in addition to low silver production, amount was in short supply by distribution to foreign country and population increased by double, causing development of economic activity on large scale.

紫香楽宮造営司に主典として出向したのを皮切りに以後東大寺や西大寺 (奈良市)の造営、長岡京遷都の任に当たるなど主に建築や造営の面で活躍した。
He gained a reputation in the field of architecture and construction by first starting off as a Sakan for the construction of Shigaraki no Miya Palace and later working on the construction of Todai-ji Temple and Saidai-ji Temple (Nara City), and the transfer of the national capital to Nagaoka.

しかし、これらの活躍は病弱な義幸の体には徐々に負担となり、永徳元年（1381年）には丹波を始めとする3ヵ国の守護職を辞めて伯耆国に下向した。
However such energetic activity gradually became a load for sickly Yoshiyuki, and he resigned from Shugoshiki of the three provinces including Tanba in 1381 and left to Hoki Province.

大永2年より天文6年（1537年）まで宮内卿を務めたことでも分かるように、陰陽師としてだけでなく当時の後奈良天皇の側近としても活躍していた。
As we can see from the fact that he assumed the position of Kunaikyo from 1522 to 1537, he positively acted not only as an Onmyoji (Master of Yin yang), but also as a close advisor to then current Emperor Gonara.

儒学の才を謳われる一方、民政にも明るく、官田の設置（元慶官田）を提唱して財政再建を行うなど、清和天皇・陽成天皇朝を支える能吏として活躍した。
While he was admired for his talent in Confucianism, he also had wide knowledge of civil affairs and worked hard as a capable official to support Emperor Seiwa and Emperor Yozei in a way such as to advocate the settlement of 'kanden (Imperial Estate)' (Gangyo imperial estates) for financial reconstruction.

京都守護一条能保の侍でもあり、在京御家人として活躍するが、正治元年（1199年）源通親への襲撃を企て讃岐国守護を解任される（三左衛門事件）。
He was a samurai for Yosiyasu ICHIJO, the Kyoto Shugo (military governor of Kyoto), and was active as a Kyoto gokenin (vassal), but in 1199, he planned an attack on MINAMOTO no Michichika and was dismissed as the Shugo (provincial constable) of Sanuki Province (Sanzaemon Incident).

後鳥羽天皇院政下で活躍した歌人の1人で、「正治後度百首」「千五百番歌合」及び「最勝四天王院障子和歌」（1207年）などの数多くの歌合に出詠。
He was one of the poets patronized by the cloistered government of Emperor Gotoba and in 1207 produced a number of poetry anthologies including: 'Shojigodohyakushu,' 'Sengohyaku ban Utaawase' (1500 Poetry Couplets Compilation) and 'Saisho shitennoin shoji waka.'

しかし、孫の坂上是則や曾孫の坂上望城は都に住し、歌人として名を残しており、当道の子孫は検非違使大尉や明法博士など法律に関する分野で活躍した。
However, Masamichi's grandson SAKANOUE no Korenori and his great-grandson SAKANOUE no Mochiki lived in the capital and left their names as poets, and a number of Masamichi's descendants took active roles in the law-related field such as Kebiishi no taijo (a Kebiishi police officer) and Myoho hakase (a professor of law).

光長に継承された逸見氏は信義の武田氏が躍進して衰退したと考えられているが、その後は支族の動向が確認できるものの直系に関しては不明とされている。
The Henmi clan that was inherited by Mitsunaga is believed to have declined with the rise of the Takeda clan under Nobuyoshi, and its direct descendants remain unknown, despite evidences of activities by branch families.

特に、ダイヤ・ルビー・サファイヤ・エメラルド・真珠を使ったものは、紋付の色留袖・丸帯の礼装に合わせて、パーティーやレセプションなどで活躍した。
Especially, putting obidome studded with diamond, sapphire, emerald and pearls on obijime in a party or reception was extremely popular when people wore formal kimono such as 'iro tomesode' (kimono marked with the family crests) and maru obi (a round-shaped kimono band).

とりわけ斯波高経は足利氏と同族で、鎌倉幕府を滅亡させた立役者である新田義貞を越前で討つなど活躍し、初期の室町幕府においては相当な勢力を持った。
In particular, Takatsune SHIBA, who was in the same family as the Ashikaga clan, performed brilliantly and contributed to defeat Yoshisada NITTA in Echizen Province who was the central figure in the downfall of the Kamakura Bakufu, so that he gained tremendous power in the early Muromachi period.

17世紀後半から18世紀にかけて活躍した詩人・儒学者の程順則は、琉球における最初の学校明倫堂創設の建議を行うなど、琉球の学問に大きく貢献した。
Shunze CHENG, who was a poet and Confucian scholar active from the late 17th century to the 18th century, proposed the foundation of the Meirindo school, the first school in Ryukyu, and greatly contributed to learning in Ryukyu.

伏見天皇が践践した後は政治家としても活躍したが、持明院統側公家として皇統の迭立に関与したことから、1298年（永仁6年）佐渡国に配流となった。
Once Emperor Fushimi ascended to the throne Tamekane also became active as a politician, but was banished to Sado Province in 1298 for his participation in the attempt, as an aristocratic supporter of the Jimyoin lineage, to manipulate the Imperial succession in favor of the Jimyoin line.

斎藤一（さいとうはじめ）、天保15年1月1日（1844年2月18日）-大正4年（1915年）9月28日）は、幕末から明治にかけて活躍した武士。
Hajime SAITO (February 18, 1844 - September 28, 1915) was a samurai who was active from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period.

その後は北畠顕家のもとで各地を転戦し、顕家の死後も東国における南朝 (日本)側の中心勢力の一人として活躍し、後村上天皇からも厚い信任を受けた。
After that, he fought from place to place under Akiie KITABATAKE, kept on being active even after Akiie's death as one of the main powers of the Southern Court (of Japan) in the eastern part of Japan, and also gained great trust from Emperor Gomurakami.

中村宗十郎（なかむらそうじゅうろう、天保6年（1835年） - 明治22年（1889年）10月8日）は明治時代に上方で活躍した歌舞伎役者。
Sojuro NAKAMURA (1835 - October 8, 1889) was a kabuki actor who acted in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) during the Meiji period.

しかしながら、弓の名手であり、宮中の弓試合で少年時代の道綱の活躍により旗色が悪かった右方を引き分けに持ち込んだというエピソードが書かれている。
However he was a toxophilite, and she wrote about the episode of Michitsuna's as a boy who lead his team to draw in the archery competition at the royal court when the Migikata (right team) were losing until Michitsuna's turn.

定朝（じょうちょう、生年不明 - 天喜5年8月1日 (旧暦)（1057年9月2日））は平安時代後期に活躍した仏師で、寄木造技法の完成者とされる。
Jocho (D.O.B. unknown - died September 2, 1057) was a sculptor active in the latter part of the Heian period and is said to be the sculptor who perfected the technique called yoseki-zukuri, in which the main part of a statue is made out of two or more pieces of wood.

この出来事は新聞や雑誌で大いに取り上げられ、それまで本土では一部の武道家のみに知られていた唐手は、一躍全国に知られるようになったと言われている。
This incident made the headlines in newspapers and magazines, and it is said that karate, which had been known only to some of the martial artists, became known nationwide overnight.

しかし、戦後になると文化勲章受章者の堂本印象や上村松篁、それ以外にも中村大三郎、宇田荻邨らが活躍し、またその弟子たちが現在活躍するに至っている。
But after the war, Insho DOMOTO and Shoko Uemura who both won Order of Culture and others like Daizaburo NAKAMURA and Tekison UDA played active roles, and their pupils are active now.

現在では野村万蔵家に、当主九世野村万蔵（早世した野村万之丞＝追贈八世野村万蔵の弟）、先代当主野村萬を筆頭に小笠原匡など若手狂言師の活躍も目立つ。
At present, in the Manzo NOMURA family, there are young Kyogen actors, such as Tadashi OGASAWARA, who are playing active roles, with the family head Manzo NOMURA, the ninth (a younger brother of Mannojo NOMURA who died young and was conferred the style of Manzo NOMURA, the eighth posthumously) and the former family head Man NOMURA leading them.

もっとも、明治以前においても、江戸時代の経済発展に伴い、水運路の整備のため東北地方から九州まで河川改修が進み、物資の流通は飛躍的に伸びてはいた。
It seems that, even before the Meiji period, rivers were improved in the areas from Tohoku to Kyushu to provide better water transportation routes, corresponding to economic development in the Edo period, and the amount of goods distributed throughout the nation increased greatly.

その後、叔父出羽守忠穀に家名存続のみが許されたが、その子出羽守忠友が家治の側近として活躍したため明和5年（1768年）大浜藩にて大名に復帰する。
After this incident, only his uncle Tadayoshi, the Dewa no kami was allowed to succeed to the family name; however, Tadayoshi's son, Tadatomo, succeeded as a close adviser to Ieharu, which allowed the family to regain the daimyo position in the Ohama Domain in 1768.

藤木久志は著書『雑兵たちの戦場』（朝日新聞社）などで、戦国大名の英雄的な活躍の影で繰り広げられた雑兵たちの「食うための戦争」について論じている。
Hisashi FUJIKI discussed in his book 'Zohyotachi no Senjo (literally, 'Battle fields of zohyo (common soldiers)' (The Asahi Shimbun Company) about 'War to survive' by zohyo carried out in the field of heroic activities of sengoku daimyo.

直孝は幕閣の中枢としての活躍を認められ、元和元年・元和3年（1617年）・寛永10年（1633年）の3度にわたりそれぞれ5万石の加増がなされた。
Naotaka's activities as a key cabinet official of the Shogunate were recognized and he was granted three-time additional properties bearing 50,000 koku each in 1615, 1617 and 1633.

外交官として活躍した薛福成は、『万国公法』を全国の地方官に広く配布することを提言し、「中国の公法の外に在るの害を論ず」という論説を発表している。
Fucheng XUE, who worked actively as a diplomat proposed to hand out 'Bankoku Koho' to local officials at large insisting that local laws of China was outside of the international law system and this would make disadvantages.

が、仮名手本忠臣蔵の中で見せたその凶悪な姿から忠臣蔵を扱った時代劇の中では吉良義央に次ぐ悪役として（時には吉良より凶悪に）大活躍することが多い。
However, since he was described as a villain in 'Kanadehon Chushingura,' Sadakuro ONO often plays outstandingly as the second villain after Yoshinaka KIRA (sometimes even more wickedly than Yoshinaka KIRA).

天正12年（1584年）の小牧・長久手の戦いでは初めて井伊の赤備えを率いて池田恒興を討ち取るなどの武功を挙げ、一躍天下に名を知られるようになる。
In the Battle of Komaki-Nagakute in 1584, he lead Ii's Akazonae (red arms) for the first time and killed Tsuneoki IKEDA, making him renowned around the country.

ここで彼は「法律起草のエキスパート」としての能力を発揮して、刑法・治罪法・陸海軍刑法・日本海令草案・医事法・薬事法起草の中心人物として活躍する。
In this committee, he showed his ability as 'an expert of law drafting,' and he played an active role as mastermind of drafting the Criminal Law, the Criminal Procedure Law, the Crimnall Law of Japanese Army and Navy, the Draft of Regulations in the Japan Sea, the Medical Affairs Act, and the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act.

伊勢平氏追討の戦いでは源義経軍に加わり、屋島の戦いに際しては、平家軍が海上に逃れた後にその城塞を焼き払い、反撃意欲を絶つという活躍を見せている。
He joined the army of the MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune in the fight to hunt down and kill Ise-Heishi (Taira clan); at the battle of Yashima, he demonstrated his prowess as a warrior; for example, he burned down the fortress after the Taira's army escaped to the sea and made the Taira's army give up the will to counterattack.

この他、『吾妻鏡』には、児玉刑部四郎、蛭川刑部三郎などの児玉党武士の名も見られ、活躍した（しかし、この戦で庄忠家が敵によって討ち取られている）。
In addition, other soldiers of the Kodama Party including Gyobushiro KODAMA and Gyobusaburo HIRUKAWA also appear in 'Azuma Kagami,' and they also actively fought in the War (however, Tadaie SHO was killed by enemies in the War).

1399年（応永6年）に大内氏が幕府に背いた応永の乱でも活躍し、1401年（応永8年）出雲、隠岐、飛騨の守護職を子の京極高光に継がせ亡くなった。
In 1399, when the Ouchi clan betrayed the Bakufu in the Oei no Ran (Rebellion of Oei), he exhibited great prowess and as a result his son Takamitsu KYOGOKU, inherited his position of Shugo for Oki and Hida Provinces.

元治元年6月の池田屋事件では土方隊の支隊を指揮し、近藤隊が斬り込んだ知らせを受けると十人の部下と池田屋に入り、八人の浪士を捕縛するなど活躍した。
In July 1864, during the Ikedaya Incident, he led a squad of the Hijikata troop, and upon hearing that the Kondo troop had entered by force, he led 10 of his men and captured 8 samurai.

その後も、木下惠介監督の『楢山節考』、小津監督の『彼岸花』への出演、京マチ子主演の『流転の王妃』の演出など、常に映画界をリードする活躍を続けた。
Subsequently, she constantly continued to actively lead the film industry; producing films including 'Narayama Bushiko' (The Ballad of Narayama) directed by Keisuke KINOSHITA, 'Higanbana' (Equinox Flower) directed by Ozu, and 'Ruten no Ohi' (The Wandering Empress) starring Machiko KYO.

高島屋での陶磁展では、中国・朝鮮の陶磁の名作に倣い、科学的研究の成果を取り入れた超絶技巧の華やかな作品を発表、新人にして名人と一躍注目を浴びた。
At the ceramics exhibitions at the Takashimaya department stores, Kanjiro introduced sophisticated, elegant works that he modeled after the great ceramics from China and Korea and applied the results of his scientific studies to, and suddenly received public attention as a master potter even though he was a newcomer.

江戸時代初期までの茶の湯人口は、主に大名・豪商などが中心のごく限られたものであったが、江戸中期に町人階級が経済的勃興するとともに飛躍的に増加した。
The population of those who practiced chanoyu in the beginning of the Edo period was limited to mainly daimyo and rich merchants, but increased dramatically as the merchant class prospered economically in the mid-Edo period.

とくに「竹久夢二」に限っていえば、彼の場合、実質的に活躍した年代が大正期と重なり、その思索や行動そして作品において時代の浮き沈みと一体化している。
Especially, in the case of Yumeji TAKEHISA, he was active in the Taisho period in particular, so the ups and downs of the period were synchronized with those of his thoughts, acts and works.

父とは打って変わって二代目は立役を得意とした立役で、その豪快な五右衛門は一躍彼の当たり役となり、『山門』以外の演目でも五右衛門を何度も演じている。
Unlike his father, Hinasuke excelled at acting as 'tachi-yaku' (male part); he was successful in the role of Goemon and he also played Goemon on other programs many times.

江戸時代前期の柳原資廉は霊元天皇の従兄弟にあたり、武家伝奏をつとめて江戸幕府との交渉に活躍し、江戸時代中期の柳原光綱も、議奏と武家伝奏に就任した。
A cousin of Emperor Reigen, Sukekado YANAGIWARA was a buke tenso (liaison officer between the Imperial Court and the military government) who lived during the early Edo period and successfully served in negotiations with the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun); Mitsutsuna YANAGIWARA, who lived during the mid-Edo period, not only served as a buke tenso, but also as a giso (one who conveys to the Emperor the decisions of the congress).

判明しているのは、坂上老、坂上国麻呂が壬申の乱で天武天皇方として活躍した事と坂上犬養が聖武天皇に武才を認められて武人の第一歩を踏み出した事である。
There are two known facts, one is that SAKANOUE no Okina and SAKANOUE no Kunimaro sided with Emperor Tenmu, and did good performances in the Jinshin War, the other is that SAKANOUE no Inukai, who was recognized for his martial arts skills by Emperor Shomu, took the first step toward becoming a warrior.

そのような中、前の敗戦で面目躍如に燃える森長可や池田恒興らが、秀吉の甥である三好秀次（豊臣秀次）を総大将に擁して4月6日、三河奇襲作戦を開始した。
Among that Nagayoshi MORI and Tsuneoki IKEDA, who were eager to restore reputation from former defeat, started a surprise attack of Mikawa, having Hidetsugu MIYOSHI (Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI), a nephew of Hideyoshi, a commander in chief on April 6.

国芳には多くの門弟がおり、｢最後の浮世絵師｣と呼ばれた月岡芳年や、幕末から明治前期に活躍した異色の画家・河鍋暁斎も国芳に弟子入りしたことがあった。
Kuniyoshi had many disciples, including Yoshitoshi TSUKIOKA who was called 'The last Ukiyo-e painter', and Kyosai KAWANABE, a unique painter who was active from the end of Edo Period through to the early Meiji Period.

源大夫判官という曽祖父と同じ通称を名乗り、平家方の将として源平の合戦に参戦し、一族である石川源氏（義忠の弟の源義時の子孫）を討伐するなど活躍した。
He was commonly known as Gen Daifu Hogan after his great-grandfather and joined the Genpei War as a commander of the Taira clan, achieving great feats including the defeat of Ishikawa-Genji (descendants of MINAMOTO no Yoshitoki, the younger brother of Yoshitada).

橋本勘五郎（はしもとかんごろう、文政5年（1822年）-明治30年（1897年））は、江戸時代末期から明治時代にかけて活躍した肥後藩の石工である。
Kangoro HASHIMOTO (1822-1897) was a mason from Higo Domain who was active from the end of the Edo period until the Meiji period.

うめらは帰国したものの、儒学の価値観が色濃く残る日本においては女子留学生の活躍できる職業分野にも乏しく、山川捨松と瓜生繁子はそれぞれ軍人へ嫁した。
Since there was a lack of job opportunities for women like Ume who studied abroad, due to a strong influence of Confucianism, Sutematsu YAMAKAWA and Shigeko URYU married to the military officers after they returned.

落合芳幾（おちあいよしいく、1833年（天保4年） - 1904年（明治37年）2月6日）は、幕末から明治にかけて活躍した浮世絵師で、新聞人。
Yoshiiku OCHIAI (1833 - February 6, 1904) was an ukiyoe artist and newspaperman in the end of Edo period to the Meiji period.

九州征伐では豊前国巌城攻めにて一番乗りの功名をたて、さらに小田原征伐や朝鮮出兵でも活躍したことから、丹波国山家において1万6000石で封ぜられた。
As, in the conquest of Kyushu, he performed a feat of first rider in a charge in attacking the Gan-jo Castle [巌城] in Buzen Province, and, in addition, he was actively involved in the conquest of Odawara and Japan's Invasion of Korea, he was given a territory of sixteen thousand koku in Yamaga, Tanba Province.

以後、朝彦親王と並んで孝明天皇を補佐し、長州処分問題、条約勅許問題、徳川慶喜の徳川宗家相続問題などの重要な政務を取り仕切り、親幕派公卿として活躍。
Thereafter, working alongside Imperial Prince Asahiko, Nariyuki assisted Emperor Komei, settling the various critical affairs of States including the decision concerning the Choshu clan, issues related to the charter treaty and the matter of Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's succession to the head of the Tokugawa family, played a key role as a pro-shogunate noble.

その中には、多忠亮（おおの・ただすけ）のようにクラシック音楽の世界で活躍した者や、多忠修（おおの・ただおさ）のようにジャズの世界に進んだ者もいる。
Among them, O no Tadasuke who was active in classic music, and O no Tadaosa who became a Jazz player.

1582年の信長死後は秀吉の家臣となり、山崎の戦いや賤ヶ岳の戦い、小田原征伐、文禄の役などに参加して活躍し、讃岐国17万1,800石を与えられた。
After Nobunaga died in 1582, as a vassal of Hideyoshi he joined and performed well in the Battle of Yamazaki, the Battle of Shizugatake, the Siege of Odawara, the Bunroku campaign and so on and was given Sanuki Province 171.8 thousand koku crop yields.

善通寺合戦や金倉合戦、長宗我部家の讃州平定戦など香川氏の関わる戦には常に参戦し、また、香川之景が織田信長に通じる際には外交官としても活躍している。
Motoharu always joined the battles in which the Kagawa clan was involved, such as the Battle of Zentsuji, the Battle of Kanakura and Sanshu Heitei-sen (the battle to suppress Sanuki Province) of the Chosokabe clan, and played a lively part as a diplomat when Yukikage KAGAWA secretly communicated with Nobunaga ODA.

世界の旅客機の半数以上を製造しているボーイング社は、もっともなことだが、機体の他に欠陥を起こす可能性のあるものに、注意を引こうと躍起になっている。
Boeing, which builds more than half the world's commercial airliners, is understandably keen to draw attention to what can go wrong besides planes.

東南アジア・フィリピン産のキツネザルに似た、長距離を跳躍滑空するために使う首から尾にかけての両側に折りたたんだ皮膚を有する樹上性・夜行性の哺乳動物
arboreal nocturnal mammal of southeast Asia and the Philippines resembling a lemur and having a fold of skin on each side from neck to tail that is used for long gliding leaps

雪舟（せっしゅう、1420年（応永27年） - 1506年（永正3年））は号で、15世紀後半室町時代に活躍した水墨画家・禅僧で、画聖とも称えられる。
Known as Sesshu (1420 - 1506), he was an ink painter and Zen monk active in the Muromachi period in the latter half of the 15th century, and was called a master painter.

2世池坊専好に師事して華道を修め、1648年（慶安元年）から1653年（承応2年）にかけて江戸に下向し、紀州徳川家をはじめとする大名屋敷で活躍した。
He learned Kado, flower arrangement, under the second Senko IKENOBO, went down to Edo from 1648 to 1653, and worked actively at a daimyo yashiki (mansion of a feudal lord), including the Kishu Tokugawa family.

父七代目松本幸四郎と六代目尾上菊五郎の死（1949年）など身辺多端であったが、六代目の死後ただちに菊五郎劇団を結成し、旺盛な活躍を見せるようになる。
It was an eventful year (1949) as his father Koshiro MATSUMOTO (VII) and Kikugoro ONOE (VI) died, however after the death of Kikugoro ONOE (VI), he formed the Kikugoro theater, and was very active in Kabuki.

秦河勝は一説に聖徳太子の参謀として活躍したといわれ、皇族との関係も深いだけに、寺には太子ゆかりの御遺品や皇族からの賜り物が、大切に多く奉られている。
Since HATA no Kawakatsu is said to have played an important role as an advisor to Prince Shotoku and had a close tie with royalty, articles in connection with the Prince and gifts from royalty are stored here with great care.

当初の鎌倉幕府は東国を中心に成立した鎌倉殿を主宰者とする武士を首班とした地方政権であり、承久の乱後、全国政権へと飛躍し、権力を拡大させたものである。
The Kamakura Bakufu was originally a local government headed by the Kamakura-dono founded in the Tokoku region which presided over the samurai but rapidly developed throughout the nation and expanded its power following the Jokyu War.

しかしながら、5月3日から7日までの宮藤の戦い、5月10日から14日までの平瀬の戦いで、官軍は中村中佐の活躍によりこれらを敗走させることに成功した。
However, the government army defeated them successfully by an excellent leadership of Lieutenant Colonel NAKAMURA in the battle of Miyafuji from May 3 to 7 and in the battle of Hirase from May 10 to 14.

天正11年（1583年）、近江国賤ヶ岳の戦いで福島正則や加藤清正らと共に活躍し、賤ヶ岳七本槍の一人に数えられ、その戦功により3000石を与えられた。
In 1583, he fought alongside Masanori FUKUSHIMA and Kiyomasa KATO at the Battle of Shizugatake in Omi no Kuni, becoming known as one of the Shichihonyari (Seven Spears) of Shizugatake and receiving 3,000 koku for his achievements.

その後『中右記』によると、1104年（長治1）10月30日、義家・義綱はそろって延暦寺の悪僧追捕を行っているが、これが義家の最後の公的な活躍となる。
According to the 'Chuyu-ki,' Yoshiie and Yoshitsuna chased and captured warrior monks from Mount Hiei on October 30, 1104, but this was Yoshiie's last official activity.

しかし、池田屋事件にも参戦し褒賞金をもらっていることから、実際には人に劣らない腕前であったという説もあり、「戦う勘定方」として活躍したとされている。
However, some people say that he was as good as the other members since he received rewards for his performance in the Ikedaya Incident; he was active as a 'fighting accountant.'

範頼は援軍として関東での活動が初めて史料（吾妻鏡）で確認されるが、実際は戦上手の小山氏の活躍により勝敗は決しており、残党狩りに近い状態だと思われる。
According to a historical document (Azuma Kagami [The Mirror of the East, a chronicle of the early history of the Kamakura Bakufu]) Noriyori acted as reinforcements in the Kanto region and this is the first record of Noriyori, however because of the strength of the Oyama clan, the battle was over and Noriyori fought against the remnants.

松浦実任（安倍季任）の子孫の松浦高俊は、平清盛の側近で平家方の水軍として活躍し、その為、治承・寿永の乱により、現在の山口県長門市油谷に流罪となった。
The Takatoshi MATSURA, a descendant of Saneto MATSURA (ABE no Sueto), was a close adviser of TAIRA no Kiyomori and he made a significant contribution to the Taira family side as a member of the navy; for this reason, he was banished to present Yuya, Nagato City, Yamaguchi Prefecture after the Jisho-Juei War.

西洋列強と伍するためには教育の向上が必要であり、そのためには女子教育の充実と公立図書館の整備を訴えるなど、明治の教育文化活動において幅広く活躍した。
He played an extensive role in educational and cultural activities in the Meiji period by insisting that Japan require educational improvement to be at the same level as powerful Western countries, and that, to realize this, it was necessary to provide good education to the female population and build public libraries.

長禄3年（1459年）の上野・羽継原の戦いでは、成氏軍を打ち破るなど、上杉軍の中核として活躍して｢東国不双の案者｣（『鎌倉大草紙』）などと呼ばれた。
Kagenaka continuously led the troop of UESUGI clan, and at the Battle of Ueno/Hanetsugihara in 1459, he defeated the troop of Shigeuji and called 'the greatest strategist in the Kanto region' ('Kamakura Ozoshi [the military epic of Kamakura and Koga]').

大高元恭（おおだかもとやす、宝暦8年10月16日 (旧暦)（1758年11月16日） - 文政末年）は蘭学の草創期に活躍した日本の医師、蘭学者。
Motoyasu ODAKA (November 16, 1758 - 1830) was a Japanese doctor and Rangakusha or a Dutch scholar (a person who studied Western sciences by means of the Dutch language) in the period that the Western sciences were introduced.

その期待に応えて成長した音阿弥は、20代前半の応永20年代からその活動記録があり、若くして観世座の次世代の担い手として活躍を始めていたことが分かる。
Onami, who grew up under such expectations, had records of his activities when he was in his early twenties around 1413, and while young he started participating as the next-generation successor of the Kanze guild.

建築や寺院の壁面、空間装飾の仕事も多く、京都迎賓館では晩餐室「藤の間」の舞台扉「響流光韻（こおるこういん）」に截金を施すなど多彩な活躍が続いていた。
She was active in a wide range of works such as architecture, temple walls, spatial decoration, and saikin added to 'Koru Koin' doors in the dinner room of Kyoto State Guest House called 'Japanese Wisteria Room.'

そして、これ等の小クラチット達はサルビヤだの葱だのと贅沢な考えに耽りながら、食卓の周囲を躍り廻って、ピータア・クラチット君を口を極めて褒めそやした。
and basking in luxurious thoughts of sage and onion, these young Cratchits danced about the table, and exalted Master Peter Cratchit to the skies,

昭和5年（1930年）には縦型精米機の登場などによって精米技術が飛躍的に発達し、吟醸酒を造るのに欠かせない高い精米歩合が容易に実現されるようになった。
The rice polishing technique was rapidly developed such as an appearance of a vertical-type rice-milling machine in 1930, and the high ratio in rice polishing which was necessary for brewing ginjoshu became possible easily.

その後は九州において活躍していたが、1580年巡察師アレッサンドロ・ヴァリニャーノの来日に際しては通訳として視察に同行し、安土城で信長に拝謁している。
After that time, though Frois was working actively in Kyushu he accompanied the Jesuit Visitor Allessandro Valignano as a translator during his visit to Japan in 1580, and he had an audience with Nobunaga at Azuchi Castle.

『平治物語』では重盛の活躍が華々しく記されているが、頼盛も父から譲り受けた名刀「抜丸」で奮戦するなど、合戦で大きな役割を果たしていたことがうかがえる。
While 'The Tale of Heiji' describes activities of Shigemori brilliantly, it can be discerned that Yorimori also played an important role in the battle, fighting with a noted sword, 'Nukemaru', acquired from his father.

また、一部には、為義が棟梁であったとするのは、その孫である源頼朝が幕府を開くなどの活躍があってから遡って祖父も源氏の棟梁であったとしたとする説もある。
In addition, some people say that Tameyoshi is thought to be the leader of the Minamoto clan only because Tameyoshi's grandchild, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, later showed great success including the establishment of the Kamakura Shogunate.

1221年、承久の乱が起こると子の胤綱と共に（孫の相馬胤継もいたとも）幕府軍として参陣して、宇治川の戦いや近江国瀬田橋の戦いで活躍して、軍功を挙げた。
In 1221, when the Jokyu War broke out, Yoshitane who joined the War with his son, Tanetsuna (it is said that his grandson, Tanetsugu SOMA, also joined), as the army of bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) played an active role in the Battle of Uji-gawa River and the Battle of Seta (no Karahashi) Bridge in Omi Province and rendered distinguished military service.

田中市兵衛（たなかいちべえ、1838年（天保9年9月） - 1910年（明治43年）7月）は、明治時代に活躍した実業家、政治家で関西経済界の重鎮。
Ichibe Tanaka (September, 1838 - July, 1910) was a businessman and statesman during the Meiji Period and also a grand person in the economic world of the Kansai region.

為世とともに大覚寺統側の歌壇で活躍し、その影響下で『野守鏡』（永仁3年（1295年）、但し異説あり）を著し、持明院統側の京極為兼の歌を激しく論難した。
Arifusa and Tameyo played an active role in the Daikakuji-to poetry circle and, under the influence of Tameyo, Arifusa wrote Nomorinokagami (in 1295 albeit there is heresy concerning the year), making scathing attack on the poems of Tamekane KYOGOKU who belonged to the Jimyoin-to (imperial lineage from Emperor Gofukakusa to Emperor Gokomatsu) group.

ほか、幕末から明治始めにかけて、大阪で活躍した尾上松緑（京極屋）、大正から昭和初期に映画で活躍した尾上松緑（尾上松之助門下）がいるが、代数に入らない。
Also, there are other Shoroku ONOE including Shoroku ONOE (Kyogokuya) who performed actively in Osaka during the end of Edo period through early Meiji period and Shoroku ONOE (disciple of Matsunosuke ONOE) who acted in films during the Taisho period through early Showa period; however, they are not counted as official successions.

治暦4年（1068年）、教禅が法成寺御仏図絵の賞として法橋を授けられて以後、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代初期にかけて、智順・成忍など多くの絵仏師が活躍した。
In 1068, Kyozen was made Hokkyo (the third highest rank of Buddhist priests) as a reward for painting the Buddha of the Hojo-ji Temple, and since then, from the late Heian period through to the early Kamakura period many ebusshi, such as Chijun and Jonin, were magnificently prolific.

特に同座の中心的な太夫として活躍した毘沙王権守、およびその子金春権守が流儀の基礎を築き、権守の孫金春禅竹（五十七世宗家）にいたって飛躍的な深化を遂げた。
The basic methods of the school were established by Bishao Gon no Kami, who was a particularly standout Tayu (leading actor in a Noh play) in the troupe, and his son Gon no Kami Konparu, then went through a dramatic deepening at the time of Gon no Kami's grandson, Zenchiku KONPARU (the fifty-seventh head of the school).

山中鹿之介、笹野才蔵、大江鬼貫などは、江戸時代の長大な脚本の中では他に出番もあったが、現行の場割りに削られた結果、目立った活躍の場がなくなってしまった。
Shikanosuke YAMANAKA, Saizo SASANO and Onitsura OE had more appearances in a long script existed in the Edo period, however, as it has been shortened to the current structure of scenes, their major scenes have been lost.

世襲特権が認められているものには建国時期に活躍した6人の親王と2人の郡王のほかに、清朝中期、末期に特別な功績があるとして世襲が許された4人の親王がいる。
Along with 6 Imperial Princes and 2 guno (second highest rank of the court rank in ancient China), who were active during the nation-building time and whose hereditary privileges were recognized, there are 4 Imperial Princes who were allowed heredity because of their great achievements during the middle period and the end of the Qing dynasty.

伊勢神宮遷宮のとき、朝廷に対して4000貫文を献上するなどして朝廷との友好関係を築くなど、前述の功績も合わせて、後の信長飛躍の土台を作った武将であった。
He laid the foundation for future Nobunaga's dramatic rise by contributing 4000 kanmon to the Imperial Court at the time of the transfer of Ise-jingu Shrin to establish a friendship with the Imperial Courte, along with above-mentioned great achievements.

大坂城での戦闘では浪人衆の活躍や大坂城の防御力により、幕府軍は苦戦、城内に攻め入ろうにも撃退ばかりされ、特に真田丸の戦いでは幕府方が手酷い損害を受ける。
In the battle of the Osaka-jo Castle, because of struggle of roninshu and the defending capability of Osaka-jo Castle, the troops of the bakufu fought against heavy odds and, although they tried to invade the castle, they were beaten back every time and, especially during the battle at Sanadamaru, the bakufu side suffered heavy casualties.

ただし時忠の属する堂上平氏は、清盛らの武門平氏からは相対的に独立した位置にいるので、この発言は実務官僚としての堂上平氏の躍進を誇ったものとも考えられる。
However, as the Dojo Heishi to which Tokitada belonged was in a position independent from the Bumon Heishi (warrior Taira clan) to which Kiyomori belonged, this statement can also be understood as a message boasting of the rapid progress of the Dojo Heishi.

中央においては、その従兄妹にあたる藤原得子とともに国政の中枢部に深く関わり、また諸国においては数多くの荘園を形成して、経済的にも目ざましい躍進を遂げた。
While being deeply involved, along with his cousin FUJIWARA no Nariko, in the center of state affairs in Kyoto, he also established a lot of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) in various provinces and achieved remarkable economic success.

広房は九条兼実政権下にて活躍して隆職とともに記録所寄人となるが、建久2年（1191年）に後白河院の巻き返しによって隆職が復任すると、河内国守に遷された。
Hirofusa was under Kanezane KUJO's government and was appointed to Kirokujo yoryudo (officials who served at the Land Record Office) with Takamoto, but when the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa regained to appoint Takamoto for his previous position 1191, Hirofusa was demoted to Kawachi no kuni no kami (Governor of Kawachi Province).

1183年（寿永2年）10月には源義経の軍勢と共に上洛し、翌1184年（元暦元年）正月に再度入京して頼朝代官として万事を奉行し、貴族との交渉に活躍する。
Chikayoshi went up to Kyoto with MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune's force in October 1183 and reentered Kyoto on New Years Day, 1184 to perform various affairs as a local governor serving Yoritomo; he was also active as a negotiator with court nobles.

二畳の小間と違ってゆとりがありかつ緊張感を失わない室内空間は、「二畳半、一畳半は客を苦しめるに似たり」と言い切った如庵・有楽斎の面目躍如と言うべきだろう。
The room, more spacious than a koma (smaller tearoom) of two tatami mats, yet retaining a sense of tension must be credited to Joan Urakusai, who explicitly said 'a room of two and a half or one and a half tatami mats is like a torture to the guest(s).'

幕末から明治にかけて活躍した三遊亭圓朝は歴史的な名人として知られ、圓朝の高座を書き記した速記本は当時の文学、特に言文一致の文章の成立に大きな影響を与えた。
Encho SANYUTEI, a popular storyteller who performed from the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate to the Meiji period, was known as a historic master of storytelling, and the book based on shorthand notes of his storytelling had a great impact on the literature of the time, particularly in relation to sentences written in a colloquial style.

幕末に同じ閑院流の徳大寺家から西園寺公望が養子に入り、明治維新を経て政治家として活躍、内閣総理大臣などを歴任し、元老として大正・昭和の政界に重きをなした。
At the end of the Edo period, Kinmochi SAIONJI was adopted from the Tokudaiji Family of the same kaninryu, worked as a politician after the Meiji Restoration, served as prime minister, and had great influence as a genro on the political scene during the Taisho and Showa eras.

武家平氏として子孫の活躍が知られるのは平氏政権を作った平家（平清盛の家）を出した伊勢平氏や、鎌倉幕府の執権北条氏を出した坂東平氏などの桓武平氏のみである。
Of these, the only lineage to produce famous samurai families was the Kanmu-Heishi lineage, which included the following branches: the Ise-Heishi, from which the Heike (the family of TAIRA no Kiyomori that established the Taira clan government) was descended; and the Bando-Heishi, from which the Hojo clan (which became regents of the Kamakura bakufu, a Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was descended.

信長が安土へ進出して「天下人」へと飛躍した1576年、豊臣秀吉が後北条氏を降伏させ全国統一の軍事活動が終了した1590年を戦国時代の終期とする考えもある。
One view on the end of the Sengoku Period, it was 1576 in which Nobunaga launched at Azuchi and jumped to 'tenkabito (the ruler of the country),' and in another view, it was 1590 in which Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI made the Gohojo clan surrender, resulting in the completion of the military activities for the unification of the whole country.

3年の留学の後、知識と技術を得た彼らのうち数人は後に現東京工業大学の第1期卒業生となり、ある者は美術家となるが、彼らの多くは日本国内の建築分野で活躍した。
A good deal of knowledge was gained from the three-year mission and, after returning to Japan, many of the delegates played an important part in architectural circles, some became artists, while others became the first graduates of what is now known as the Tokyo Institute of Technology.

落書（らくしょ）などもその系譜に含めて考えることができるが、独自のジャンルとして発達したのは江戸時代中期で、享保頃に上方で活躍した鯛屋貞柳などが知られる。
While rakusho (lampoon) can be in the same category, Kyoka was established as a unique genre during the mid Edo period, and among famous Kyoka poets was Teiryu TAIYA, who was active in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) during the Kyoho era.

鹿角脇立兜（現存しており重要文化財）がシンボルで、天正12年（1584年）の小牧・長久手の戦いでの活躍などにより、豊臣秀吉からも東国一の勇士と賞賛された。
Tadakatsu's symbol was a Kazuno wakidate kabuto (a helmet with an ornament in the shape of deer horns) (It still exists as an Important Cultural Property), and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI praised him as the best warrior in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) for his performance at the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute in 1584.

安政5年（1858年）、吉田の推挙により幡多郡奉行、文久元年(1861年)には御近習目付、その後は普請奉行として活躍するが、翌年に吉田が暗殺されるや失脚。
In 1858, with Yoshida's recommendation, he became a Bugyo, a magistrate of Hata district, and in 1861, he was promoted to a Gokinju metsuke (inspector of attendants) and later became a Fushin bugyo (shogunate administrator of activities by a community, such as cleaning or fixing stone wall), however, he fell from power after the assassination of Yoshida.

洪庵の功績として、適塾から福澤諭吉、大鳥圭介、橋本左内、大村益次郎、長与専斎、佐野常民、高松凌雲など幕末から明治維新にかけて活躍した多くの人材を輩出した。
Koan is credited with the establishment of a private school, Tekijuku, and many Tekijuku graduates including Yukichi FUKUZAWA, Keisuke OTORI, Sanai HASHIMOTO, Masujiro OMURA, Sensai NAGAYO, Tsunetami SANO, Ryoun TAKAMATSU took the lead in building a new society from the end of the Edo Period through the Meiji Restoration.

その後1896年9月9日に「花粉管端より躍然精虫の遊動して活発に転々突進する状況を目撃」し、10月には「イチョウの精虫について」という論文を発表している。
On September 9, 1896, HIRASE 'witnessed sperm dashing out of the pollen tube and moving around vigorously, ' and published a paper titled 'Spermatozoids of ginkgo ' in October.

幕末に活躍した第13代弾左衛門は、長州征伐や鳥羽伏見の戦いで幕府に協力した功労によって、1868年1月に配下65名とともに被差別民から平民に取立てられた。
Danzaemon, the 13th, who played an active role at the end of bakufu was raised from the outcaste hisabetsumin to the common citizen along with his 65 subordinates in January 1868 for his distinguished cooperation for the bakufu in the Choshu Conquest and the Battle of Toba and Fushimi.

また、造石山寺所（近江）と造東大寺写経所（平城京内）といった、遠隔地の別当を兼務している様子もうかがわれ、雄足の実務官人としての活躍ぶりが多く見て取れる。
In addition, it is recorded that he served concurrently as betto in remote places, for example he served as betto in Office of Ishiyama-dera Temple Construction (Omi) and Office of the Sutra copying office of Todai-ji Temple Construction (inside of Heijyokyo), and we can see that Otari's energetic work as official for practical works.

狩野永岳（かのうえいがく、寛政2年（1790年） - 慶応3年1月2日 (旧暦)（1867年2月6日））は、江戸時代後期に京都を中心に活躍した画家。
Eigaku KANO (1790 - February 6, 1867) was a Kyoto-based painter who was active in the late Edo period.

親家はこれに深い恩義を感じ、それ以後、忠臣として活動し続け、その子孫も忠義を尽くしたと『吾妻鑑』に載る（承久の乱で子息達の活躍と討死に等が記されている）。
According to Azuma Kagami (The Mirrors of the East), he felt deeply indebted for it and continued to stay as a royal retainer of the Kamakura shogunate, and his children also royally served the shogunate (the chronicle recorded his exploit together with his sons at the Jokyu War and his death in action).

するとライオンがすさまじく吠えてウィンキーたちのほうへ躍りかかりましたので、かわいそうなウィンキーたちはふるえあがって、一目散に駆けもどってきたのでした。
Then the Lion gave a great roar and sprang towards them, and the poor Winkies were so frightened that they ran back as fast as they could.

後に中国の唐代に活躍した道宣は、インド以来の伝承に基づいて『四分律行事鈔』を選述し、その中で胆病送終（病人を看病し、その最期を見届けること）について論じた。
Daoxuan, who later played an active role in the period of the Tang Dynasty of China, wrote 'Shibunritsu Gyojisho' (the 'Ceremonies' Section of the Four-fold Vinaya) based on tradition handed down from India and therein discussed nursing the sick and seeing him or her through to the end.

上方では中田ダイマル・ラケット、夢路いとし・喜味こいし、ミヤコ蝶々・南都雄二、人生幸朗・生恵幸子・海原お浜・小浜、漫画トリオなどがラジオ・テレビで活躍した。
Popular entertainers on television and radio shows in the Kansai region during the period included duos such as Daimaru and Raketto NAKATA, Itoshi YUMEJI and Koishi KIMI, Miyako Chocho and Yuji NANTO, Koro JINSEI and Sachiko IKUE, Ohama and Kohama UNABARA, and Manga trio.

明治維新の際、七世三宅庄市は京より東京へ移住し、和泉流を代表する名手として活躍したが、後嗣に人を得なかったために三宅家は八世三宅藤九郎信之をもって断絶する。
The 7th Shoichi MIYAKE moved from Kyoto to Tokyo during the Meiji Restoration and was active as a great actor who represented the Izumi school: however, as he did not have any successors the MIYAKE family died out after Nobuyuki Tokuro MIYAKE, the eighth.

9代・熾仁親王（1835年-1895年）は和宮の婚約者だった人として知られ、明治維新前後において軍人として活躍し、政治面でも元老院議官、次いで議長を務めた。
The ninth successor, Prince Taruhito (1835-1895), was Princess Kazunomiya's fiancee, who was active as a solider before and after the Meiji Restoration; he also did well politically, serving as a member of the Chamber of Elders, a senator and a chairman.

吉岡平『火星の土方歳三』（朝日ソノラマ） - 函館で死亡した後、エドガー・ライス・バローズの『火星シリーズ』の火星に転生した土方歳三の活躍を描くSF作品。
By Hitoshi YOSHIOKA 'Toshizo HIJIKATA on Mars' (Asahi Sonorama) - A SF novel which tells the adventures of Toshizo HIJIKATA, after he died in Hakodate and is reborn on Mars in 'Mars Series' of Edgar Rice Burroughs.

なお東大時代には、のちに「宮中革新派」などと呼ばれて政界で活躍する木戸幸一（後に内大臣）や原田熊雄（後に西園寺公望秘書）などの華族の子弟と親交を深めている。
While at Tokyo University, he developed close friendships with children of the nobility such as Koichi KIDO (later, Naidaijin or Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal) and Kumao HARADA (who later became Kimmochi SAIONJI's secretary), both of whom later became active in the political world as members of the 'reformist group of the Imperial court.'

鳥居清満（とりいきよみつ、享保20年（1735年） - 天明5年4月3日 (旧暦)（1785年5月11日）は、江戸時代初期の鳥居派で活躍した浮世絵師。
Kiyomitsu TORII (鳥居清満, 1735 - May 11, 1785) was an Ukiyoe artist who was active in the Torii school of Ukiyoe in the early Edo period.

庄太郎家長は、武蔵国児玉郡大寄郷栗崎村（現在の大字栗崎）の地に館を築いたとされる武将庄家弘の子とされ、彼の活躍は、『吾妻鏡』や『源平盛衰記』に記されている。
He is considered a son of busho, Iehiro SHO, who was thought to have built his own mansion in Kurisaki Village, Oyose-go, Kodama-gun, Musashi Province, and Ienaga's heroic stories can be seen in 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East) and Genpei Seisuiki (The Rise and Decline of the Minamoto and Taira clans).

片山東熊（かたやまとうくま、嘉永6年12月20日 (旧暦)（1854年1月18日）- 1917年（大正6年）10月24日）は明治期に活躍した建築家である。
Tokuma KATAYAMA (January 18, 1854 - October 24, 1917) was an architect who was actively engaged in his profession during the Meiji period.

3代将軍・源実朝の時代には実朝・政子の信頼厚い側近として活躍し、元久2年（1205年）の畠山重忠の乱、建暦3年（1213年）の和田合戦では北条方として戦う。
In the period of the Third Shogun MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, Kagemori took an active part as a close adviser who was much trusted by Sanetomo and Masako, and battled as a member of the Hojo clan at the Shigetada HATAKEYAMA Rebellion in 1205 and at the Battle of WADA in 1213.

70系は1957年まで増備され、全金属車の300代こそ入らなかったものの、合計65両が京阪神緩行線に新製投入され、投入当時のコンセプトどおりの活躍を見せた。
By the end of 1957, sixty-five type 70 cars were introduced to the Keihanshin Local Line, though no type 300 type cars, metal-made cars, were introduced, and they played their expected role.

我々は特に、ベツレヘムにおける主イエス・キリスト生誕2000年と主の御名の下における平和を祝う祭典の期間において、建設および観光部門の大躍進を証明しました。
We witnessed great leaps in the sectors of construction and tourism especially during our celebrations in Bethlehem in 2000 of the birth of our Lord, Jesus Christ, peace upon him.

僧兵や神人が活躍した時代は社会が乱れる一方で、広大な寺領・神領を有して経済的に豊かであった寺社は盗賊のみならず、さまざまな勢力によって狙われる危険性が生じた。
During the era when Sohei or Jinin were active, temples and shrines were rich due to holding vast Jiryo (landownership of Buddhist Temples) or Shrine Estates amidst the unstable society and they faced risks of being assailed by various social groups, including groups of robbers.

江戸時代には幕府の保護のもと、平曲（平家琵琶）、三曲（地歌三味線、箏（こと）、胡弓楽）の専門音楽家として活躍したり、また人によっては鍼灸、按摩を専業とした。
In Edo period, they actively worked as professional musicians of Heikyoku (the music played on Heike biwa as accompaniment for the recitation of Heike monogatari), and sankyoku (jiuta shamisen [traditional Japanese shamisen music], koto, and Kokyu [Chinese fiddle] music) or engaged in acupuncture and massage, under protection by bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

1950年代から60年代にかけては雅雪の子観世寿夫、観世栄夫、観世静夫を中心とする新世代の能楽師が、演能、技法論、異分野との競演などでめざましい活躍を見せた。
From 1950's through 1960's, Noh actors of new generation, whose main contributors were Hisao Kanze who was a son of Gasetsu, Hideo KANZE and Shizuo KANZE, made great achievements in the areas such as performance, theory of techniques and playing opposite to players in different fields.

古典の妖怪絵巻などには描かれていないために、かつては比較的無名な妖怪だったが、水木しげるの漫画『ゲゲゲの鬼太郎』に登場してから一躍、名が知られることとなった。
Ittan-momen was not illustrated in classical picture scrolls of ghosts and other works, so it was relatively an unknown ghost in the past, but after Shigeru MIZUKI picked it up in his comic book of 'Ge Ge Ge no Kitaro,' it suddenly became well known.

彼らは諸大夫層への復帰を賭け、蝦夷の戦術に改良を施して、大鎧と毛抜型太刀を身につけ長弓を操るエリート騎馬戦士として活躍し、最初の武芸の家としての公認を受けた。
In order to return to the class of shodaibu, they improved the Ezo's fighting tactics, wore oyoroi (big armor) and a sword composed of a blade and a hilt, used chokyu (long bow), flourished as cavaliers and firstly and publicly were authorized as families of military arts.

しかし治承・寿永の乱において目立った活躍がなかった大和源氏は、これ以降は地方豪族の域を出ることができず、中世を通じて次第に纏まりを失い、諸国に拡散していった。
However, Yamato-Genji didn't demonstrate much military prowess in the Jisho-Juei War, and subsequently they just continued as a powerful regional clan; throughout the middle ages they gradually lost their unity and spread out to other districts.

しかし、本領である三刀屋の回復には至らず、毛利氏を退去して細川氏に仕え、慶長5年（1600年）の関ヶ原の戦いでは丹後国田辺城 (丹後国)籠城に加わり活躍した。
Takasuke was short of recovering his fief Mitoya, and left the Mori clan to be a vassal of the Hosokawa clan; during the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he joined the army locking itself up in Tanabejo Castle in Tango Province and where he provided exemplary service.

だが、ここで新法主の保護者・後見人の地位が与えられたことで一躍北陸の兄弟を上回る権力を持つ事となった蓮淳は孫である法主・証如の権力拡大に乗り出すことになった。
But given the position of protector and guardian of the new hoshu, Renjun now gained the power exceeding that of his brothers in Hokuriku and began to expand the authority of the hoshu Shonyo, grandson of Renjun.

こうして無念の最期を遂げてしまった元長であるが、彼の子である三好長慶、三好義賢、十河一存、安宅冬康らはいずれも名将で、彼の息子たちによって三好氏は大きく飛躍。
Although Motonaga died in mortification, his sons, Nagayoshi MIYOSHI, Yoshikata MIYOSHI, Kazumasa SOGO and Fuyuyasu ATAGI, were all great commanders, and they led the Miyoshi clan to thrive greatly after his death.

奮戦者としては小林と清水が有名だが、「大河内文書」によると大した活躍はしておらず、一番活躍したのは山吉新八郎や新貝弥七郎など上杉家派遣の家臣達であったという。
Kobayashi and Shimizu are known as retainers who fought hard, but according to the 'Okochi document' they did not work so much; it goes on to state that the best fighters were retainers who had been sent by the Uesugi family, such as Shinpachiro YAMAYOSHI and Yashichiro SHINKAI.

元弘3年 / 正慶2年（1333年）、正成らの活躍に触発されて各地に倒幕の機運が広がり、足利尊氏や新田義貞、赤松円心らが挙兵して鎌倉幕府は滅びた（元弘の乱）。
As the success of Masashige and others increased opportunities to overthrow the Shogunate in various regions in 1333, warriors including Takauji ASHIKAGA, Yoshisada NITTA, and Enshin AKAMATSU raised an army to defeat the Kamakura bakufu (Genko War).

一方、四代目市川小團次、四代目中村歌右衛門 (4代目)、四代目中村芝翫 (4代目)のように江戸に下って活躍する者も多く、役者のレベルは江戸にひけととらなかった。
On the other hand, many actors such as Kodanji ICHIKAWA IV, Utaemon NAKAMURA IV (yondaime) and Shikan NAKAMURA IV (yondaime) went up to Edo and gave outstanding performances, and the level of actors was not inferior to that of Edo.

旧皇族は世間の注目を避けて静かに生活してきた者がほとんどだったが、最近では、竹田恒泰のように積極的に著作や講演などで活躍し、マスメディアに登場している者もいる。
Most of the former members of the Imperial Family maintained a quiet life by avoiding public attention; there were some, however, who appeared in the media, such as Tsuneyasu TAKEDA who wrote books and gave public lectures.

高秀の嫡子である京極高詮は、父のから継いだ飛騨の守護職に加え、明徳2年（1391年）に山名氏が蜂起した明徳の乱での活躍により出雲国と隠岐国の守護職も任ぜられる。
Takahide's heir Takaakira KYOGOKU was appointed not only to the position of Shugo (military governor) of Hida Province that he inherited from his father but also to the position of Shugo (military governor) of Izumo Province and Oki Province because of his contributions to the Meitoku War wherein the Yamana clan raised an army in 1391, were recognized.

伊達稙宗は陸奥守護職に補任し、奥州探題であった大崎氏の内紛を解決して、大崎義宣を養子に入れて傘下に取り込み、出羽国の最上氏も勢力圏に組み込むなど大きく飛躍した。
After appointed as Mutsu shugoshiki (provincial constables of Mutsu Province), Tanemune DATE drastically increased its influence by adopting Yoshinobu OSAKI in return for solving an internal conflict of the Osaki clan (then-Oshu Tandai), and putting the Osaki clan and later the Mogami clan of Dewa Province under control.

だが、この事態に危機感を抱いた薩摩藩の暗躍に幕府側の強硬派が乗せられ、慶応4年1月3日 (旧暦)（1868年1月27日）に鳥羽・伏見の戦いに突入することになる。
However the clandestine activities of the Satsuma Domain, who felt very much threatened by this development, successfully agitated the hard-liners of the Shogunate supporters, leading to the Battle of Toba and Fushimi on January 27, 1868.

また巻々単位とは限らないが、「紫上物語」、「明石物語」、「玉鬘物語」、「浮舟物語」など、特定の主要登場人物が活躍する部分をまとめて「○○物語」と呼ぶことがある。
Sometimes the scenes in which a specific character takes a lively role are gathered up and referred to in the form of 'The Tale of **' such as 'The Tale of Murasaki no Ue,' 'The Tale of Akashi,' 'The Tale of Tamakazura,' 'The Tale of Ukifune,' etc., but they aren't necessarily groups of chapters.

入集を果たした当代歌人の中で、上位は藤原師輔・同藤原実頼・同藤原敦忠などで、権門の作が多く採られているが、中務・右近 (歌人)ら当代の女流歌人の活躍も見られる。
Among the poets at the time of the compilation, FUJIWARA no Morosuke, FUJIWARA no Saneyori, and FUJIWARA no Atsutada are represented in the collection with the most poems, and the large number of poems by poets of the highest social positions are included, while female poets such as Nakatsukasa and Ukon are largely represented in the collection.

維新の動乱期に、高杉晋作に師事して奇兵隊に投じ、木戸孝允、山田顕義、井上馨、山県有朋らと交遊関係を結んだがこの人脈がのちに藤田が政商として活躍する素因となった。
During the turmoil of the Meiji Restoration, he became a follower of Shinsaku TAKASUGI and joined the Kiheitai, forming friendships with Takayoshi KIDO, Akiyoshi YAMADA, Kaoru INOUE and Aritomo YAMAGATA, a network that later helped Fujita to succeed as a politically-connected businessman.

みつ夫人（進十六の娘）との間に2男3女をもうけ、長男・箕作秋吉は理学博士号を持つ化学者であると同時に作曲家としても活躍し、次男・洋輔は工業技術家として知られた。
Mitsukuri and his wife Mitsu (a daughter of 進十六) had two sons and three daughters: the first son, Shukichi MITSUKURI, was a chemist with a Doctorate of Science, and also was a composer; the second son, Yosuke, was known as an industrial technician.

1707年（宝永4年）から1723年（享保8年）頃まで大坂豊竹座の浄瑠璃作家として活躍し、竹本座の近松門左衛門と対抗していたが、それ以降は俳諧、狂歌に専念した。
From around 1707 until 1723, he was active as joruri author at Toyotake-za Theater in Osaka and was a rival of Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU of the Takemoto-za Theater, but he devoted to haikai and kyoka since then.

この活躍が認められ、1867年（慶応3年）に渋沢栄一らと共に幕命でフランスのパリ万国博覧会 (1867年)に随行、学問、工芸を学び、アメリカを経由して帰国した。
This distinguished service was well recognized, and he was allowed to accompany with the participants of Paris International Exposition in France (1867) to study liberal arts and industrial arts, while he also visit the United States before he came back to Japan.

正暦元年（990年）5月8日、祖父兼家の後をついで父道隆が摂政に就任し、さらに同年10月中宮に同母妹定子が立つと、摂関家の嫡男としてその地位は飛躍的に上昇した。
On June 8, 990, his father Michitaka succeeded his grandfather Kaneie as Sessho (Regent), and in October 990, his younger sister of the same mother Teishi became chugu (the second consort of an emperor); accordingly, he was also promoted by leaps and bounds as the legitimate son of the Sekkan family.

尚、元命の甥（一説に叔父）の藤原惟成は、永観2年（984年）に即位した花山天皇の側近として活躍し、花山天皇が精力的に発布した諸政策の立案に深く参与していたこと。
Meanwhile, one theory holds that FUJIWARA no Koreshige, Motonaga's nephew (or uncle, according to one theory) performed well as a close associate to Emperor Kazan who ascended the throne in 984, and was deeply involved in developing many policies the emperor vigorously issued.

子の観世小次郎信光、さらにその子の観世長俊は能作者としても活躍し、世阿弥系の幽玄な作風とは異なる、音阿弥の芸風を受け継いだと思われる花やかな曲を多く作っている。
His child KANZE Kojiro Nobumitsu and the child after him, Nagatoshi KANZE, inheriting the flamboyant style of Onami, were active as noh writers and created many pieces of colorful music unlike the mysterious atmosphere of the way of Zeami.

観世宗節（かんぜそうせつ、永正6年（1509年） - 天正11年12月5日 (旧暦)（1584年1月17日））は、戦国時代 (日本)に活躍した観世流能役者。
Sosetsu KANZE (1509 - January 17, 1584) was a Noh performer of the Kanze school active during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).

日本神話において、ツクヨミはアマテラス・スサノオと並ぶ重要な神とされているにもかかわらず、『古事記』『日本書紀』の神話にはあまり登場せず、全般的に活躍に乏しい。
Although in Japanese mythology Tsukuyomi is considered equally as important as Amaterasu and Susanoo, he (or she) appears in 'Kojiki' and 'Nihon Shoki' much less often and is generally less active.

活躍のできる場を失った忍者達はその後、農業や警察関係（警察官）の職業、火術の特技を活かして花火師や、薬の知識を活かして医師や薬剤師など、新たな職に就いたとされる。
It is said that after ninja lost the scene of their activities, they got new jobs such as farmers, policemen, pyrotechnicians with special skills of using fire, doctors or pharmacists with knowledge of medicine.

新撰組は、武士になることを宿願としており、目的達成のために武士に匹敵する活躍をしたため、特に現代の若者たちから幕末日本を象徴する存在とみなされ、根強い人気を誇る。
The ambition of Shinsen-gumi was to become samurai, and with this goal in mind they were just as active as samurai, and modern day young people in particular regard them as a symbol of Japan during the last days of the shogunate, and Shinsen-gumi continues to be popular.

南北朝時代 (日本)に悪党の活動が活発化し下克上の風潮が流行すると、伝統的な戦闘形態は個人戦から集団戦へと変化し始め、足軽の活躍の場は土一揆・国一揆にも広まった。
As the activity of villains increased and the trend of vassals revolting against their lords became more commonplace during the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the traditional way in which warfare was conducted began to make the transition from a one-to-one combat to a group battle strategy, and the utilization of ashigaru even spread to the suppression of local and provincial uprisings.

このため、天草の乱の討伐戦をはじめ、全国の多くの一揆鎮圧に伊賀衆が派遣され、大いに活躍している（『忍の里の記録郷土の研究10』（石川正知著、翠楊社出版）参照）。
For the reason, Iga Ninja were dispatched to a lot of uprising in all over the country for suppression including the putting down war of Amakusa Rebellion and showed a great performance. (Reference; 'The Record on Ninja Village, Research on Hometown 10' 〔written by Masatomo ISHIKAWA, published by Suiyo-sya〕)

また法律キャリアを重ねる一方で、アメリカの駐コペンハーゲン代理公使、駐プロシア代理公使（後に特命全権公使）に任命され、外交官としても活躍している（松隈1992）。
While building his carrier in the legal world on one hand, he was appointed to U.S. charge d'affaires to Copenhagen and U.S. charge d'affaires to Prussia (later, a minister extraordinary and plenipotentiary) and played active roles as a diplomat on the other (Matsukuma 1992).

上述した通り利益に関する一次史料はほとんど存在しない事もあって、恵まれた体格と優れた槍術があったと、長谷堂の戦いで伝えられている活躍の話が誇張されている節はある。
As described above, since there are few original materials about Toshimasu left, it seems that the stories about his actions in the Battle of Hasedo have been exaggerated to create an impression that he was well built and excelled in spearmanship.

初代瀬川如皐（しょだいせがわじょこう、元文4年（1739年） - 寛政6年1月23日 (旧暦)（1794年2月22日））は江戸時代中期に活躍した歌舞伎作者。
Joko SEGAWA the first (1739 - February 22, 1794) was a Kabuki playwright during the middle of the Edo period.

常に九条流に対抗する家の当主として活躍したが、晩年は子の資平への家督継承と家領温存のため、道長・藤原頼通親子に口入を申し出るなど、九条流への柔軟な行動も見られる。
While Sanesuke always acted as the head of a family opposed to the house of Kujo, he also exhibited flexible behavior toward the Kujo family, especially in his later years, requesting Michinaga and his son, FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, to help his adopted son, Sukehira, to succeed him as the head of the family and to inherit the family property intact.

九条武子（くじょうたけこ、1887年（明治20年）10月20日 - 1928年（昭和3年）2月7日）は、教育者・歌人、後年には社会運動活動家としても活躍した。
Takeko KUJO (October 20, 1887 - February 7, 1928) was an educator and tanka poet, also actively engaged in the social movement in her later years.

その後も実務官僚として後嵯峨・亀山天皇両院政で活躍し、文永6年（1269年）に参議に昇進すると、その年から権中納言、従二位大宰権帥兼務と毎年のように昇進を重ねた。
Since then, he played an important role as an official for practical work under the Cloister Government for the Emperor Gosaga and Kameyama and he was promoted to the Sangi (Royal Advisor) in 1269 and continued to be promoted almost every year to Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state) and Junii (Junior Second Rank) Dazai Gon no Sochi, and so on.

俳優としても、連続テレビ小説『京、ふたり』、『オードリー (朝ドラ)』、NHK大河ドラマ『武蔵 MUSASHI』（NHK総合テレビジョン）などに出演するなど活躍。
He has made a remarkable showing too as an actor appearing in NHK's morning drama series 'Kyo - Futari' and 'Audrey (morning drama series)' and NHK historical drama 'MUSASHI' (NHK General TV) and others.

柳田国男の論を受けた渡辺保によれば、「踊り」が飛躍や跳躍を含む語であるのに対し、「舞」は「まわる」つまり円運動を意味する語であり、そこに能の舞の特色があるとされる。
According to Tamotsu WATANABE who accepted Kunio YANAGIDA's theory, while the word 'Dance' contains leaps and jumps, the word 'dance' in Noh means 'turn,' or in other words 'rotary motion,' a characteristic of Noh dancing.

だが、引田臣を率いる阿倍比羅夫が斉明天皇に仕えて将軍として活躍し、布施臣を率いる倉梯麻呂の息子・阿倍御主人（635-703）は大宝律令下で最初の右大臣に任命された。
Nevertheless, ABE no Hirafu who led HIKITA no omi served as Shogun for Empress Saimei, and ABE no Miushi (635-703), the son of Kurahashimaro who led FUSE no omi, was assigned to become the first Udaijin (minister of the right) under the Taiho Code.

実際、この前後から現代日本人が俗に戦国大名と呼んで親しんでいる武田信玄、上杉謙信、北条氏康、大友義鎮、島津貴久などの華々しい活躍が始まり全国の戦国騒乱が本格化する。
In fact, at around this time, Shingen TAKEDA, Kenshin UESUGI, Ujiyasu HOJO, Yoshishige OTOMO, Takahisa SHIMAZU and so on, who were commonly referred to as sengoku daimyo by people in contemporary Japan, started their energetic activities, and disturbances gained momentum all over Japan.

清沢満之（きよざわまんし、文久3年6月26日 (旧暦)〈1863年8月10日〉 - 明治36年〈1903年〉6月6日）は、日本の明治期に活躍した哲学者・宗教家。
Manshi KIYOZAWA, August 10, 1863 - June 6, 1903 was a Japanese philosopher and Buddhist monk in the Meiji period.

帰国後は国内で司法省付属代言人（弁護士）の第1号となって活躍し、明治14年（1881年）には自由党(明治)の議員（代議士）となり、政党政治の基礎作りの一翼を担った。
After returning to Japan, HOSHI became the first lawyer under the Ministry of Justice and actively worked in Japan, and in 1881, he became a councilor (as parliamentarian) of the Liberal Party, and took part in building the foundation of party government.

現存する城郭建築を見ている現代の我々はさほど驚かないが、多聞櫓における城門と櫓を一体化させ防御力を飛躍的に向上させるという発想は、当時においてまさに革命的であった。
He had a revolutionary idea, in those days, of spectacularly improving the defensive power of a castle in the tamonyagura (hall turret) that combined the castle gate with a turret, which we take for granted, having seen many existent castle buildings.

西ノ海嘉治郎（にしのうみかじろう、安政2年1月3日(旧暦)（1855年2月19日）- 明治41年（1908年）11月30日）は、明治中期に活躍した大相撲の力士。
Kajiro NISHINOUMI (February 19, 1855 - November 30, 1908) was sumo wrestler in the middle of the Meiji period.

内藤魯一（ないとうろいち、弘化3年8月8日 (旧暦)（1846年9月28日） - 明治44年（1911年）6月29日）は、幕末から明治にかけて活躍した自由民権家。
Roichi NAITO (September 28, 1846 - June 29, 1911) is the Freedom and People's Rights Movement activist who played an active part from the end of Edo period through Meiji period.

三代目瀬川如皐（さんだいめせがわじょこう、文化 (元号)3年（1806年） - 明治14年（1881年）6月28日）は幕末から明治にかけて活躍した歌舞伎作者。
Joko SEGAWA the third (1806 - June 28, 1881) was a Kabuki (traditional drama performed by male actors) playwright who was active from the end of Edo Period to the Meiji Period.

このような斯波氏の内訌に加え、足利将軍家や畠山氏の家督相続問題から、応仁元年（1467年）に応仁の乱が勃発すると、孝景は主家の斯波義廉と協力して西軍として活躍する。
Such internal discord within the Shiba clan, along with issues involving succession to the position of the heads of the Ashikaga shogunate, Hatakeyama clan, etc., led to the outbreak of the Onin War in 1467, and Takakage played an active role in the Western squad in cooperation with the master, Yoshikane SHIBA.

しかも、輸送力増強用に関東から転入してくる72系は、これまた可部線で活躍するクハ79004のような戦時下生まれの鋼体化改造車や旧63系の改造車が大量に含まれていた。
In addition, type 72 trains that were transferred from Kanto region to enforced the transport capacity included many of copper-made cars manufactured during the wartime, such as Kuha 79004 later transferred to the Kabe Line, and remodeled cars of former type 63 cars.

このような活躍の中で、次第に足軽大将の地位も向上し、戦国時代後期における足軽大将の家禄は、おおよそ200石から500石程度で中級の武士として認められる存在になった。
Due to their achievements, the position of Ashigaru taisho gradually rose, and in the late Sengoku Period they were provided with an annual stipend of 200 to 500 koku, and regarded as the middle-class warriors.

天狗神の信徒が十二人仰向けに寝ると、長鼻衆が出てきて、避雷針のように見える鼻の上に乗り、鼻から鼻へと飛び移ったり、熟練の技術を要する跳躍やら宙返りやらを演じるのだ。
A dozen of these sectaries of Tingou lay flat upon their backs, while others, dressed to represent lightning-rods, came and frolicked on their noses, jumping from one to another, and performing the most skillful leapings and somersaults.

島地黙雷（しまじもくらい, 天保9年2月15日 (旧暦)（1838年3月10日） - 明治44年（1911年）2月3日）は、明治時代に活躍した浄土真宗本願寺派の僧。
Mokurai SHIMAJI (March 10, 1838 - February 3, 1911) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) Hongan-ji school who actively worked in the Meiji period.

前述の筑紫箏を基本として、楽器としての箏および箏曲の基礎を大成させたのが、江戸時代初期に活躍した八橋検校（やつはし・けんぎょう、1614年 - 1685年）であった。
Based on the above-mentioned Tsukusigoto, Yatsuhashi Kengyo (1614 - 1685), who was active during the early Edo period, established the basis of the musical instrument Soh as well as Soh music.

その後、幕府は第二次長州征伐を決行するが、高杉晋作の組織した奇兵隊などの庶民軍の活躍に阻まれ、また、総指揮者である将軍徳川家茂が大坂城で病没するなどもあり、失敗した。
Thereafter the shogunate government executed the Second Choshu Expeditions, but failed due to successful interruption by the army of non-regular soldiers organized by Shinsaku TAKASUGI, the 'Irregular Militia,' and the death from disease of Shogun Iemochi TOKUGAWA, the general supervisor, at the Osaka Castle.

戦争になると台湾の豊富な食料物資が内地への供給に貢献したほか、高雄市には飛行基地が建設され、徴兵制度が敷かれるなど、日本人と同様に台湾人も兵士や労働力として活躍した。
Once the war broke out, the rich food resources in Taiwan became a useful source of supply to Japan and an air base was constructed in Kaohsiung and, with the draft system enforced in Taiwan, Taiwanese were also employed as labor force or soldiers like Japanese.

960年（天徳 (日本)4年）と962年（応和2年）の内裏歌合・966年（康保3年）の内裏前栽合（だいりぜんざいあわせ）などの歌合に出詠、村上天皇期の歌壇で活躍した。
She contributed her poems to uta-awase (poetry contests) such as the Dairi uta-awase (Imperial Palace Poetry Contests) in 960 and 962, the Dairi senzai awase (Imperial Palace Garden Contests) in 966, etc., and played a major role in waka circles during the reign of the Emperor Murakami.

備前国藤戸の戦いにて佐々木盛綱の活躍で平行盛軍に辛勝し、長門国まで至るが瀬戸内海を平氏の水軍に押さえられていることもあって、遠征軍は兵糧不足などにより進軍が停滞した。
During the battle at Fujito in Bizen Province, he won a narrow victory against TAIRA no Yukimori thanks to the contribution of Moritsuna SASAKI and arrived in Nagato Province, however he couldn't continue because the Taira clan controlled the Seto Inland Sea and the Noriyori army didn't have enough army provisions.

仁寿4年（854年）の左馬大允を振り出しに諸官を歴任後、清和天皇の蔵人となってその側近として活躍して貞観_(日本)17年（875年）に蔵人頭、2年後に右大弁となった。
After he held varioud positions in succession starting from Sama no Daijo (Senior Secretary of the Left Division of Bureau of Horses) in 854, he assumed the postion of Kurodo (Chamberlain) of the Emperor Seiwa and carried out remarkable service as his close aide and assumed the postion of the Kurodo no To (Head Chamberlain) in 875 and Udaiben (Major Controller of the Right) two years later.

90歳を超えても現役で活躍したという点では新藤兼人に次ぐ長老監督に位置し、日本映画界においては受賞歴と興行実績をあわせたキャリアにおいて比肩する者のない存在となった。
He was the second oldest director following Kanehito SHINDO in view of actively working at his age of over 90, and had the greatest career in both the record of winning awards and the box office in the Japanese film industry.

そのほか、第一線で活躍している者は、全員が大名跡を名乗っている（ただし落語では平成期にその伝統が崩れ、歌舞伎にも例外がある（＝初代吉右衛門、当代の中村梅之助など））。
In addition, active kabuki artists have Dai-Myoseki (in rakugo, this tradition declined from the late 1980`s), however, several exceptions have occurred even in kabuki (eg. Kichiemon I and the present Umenosuke NAKAMURA).

それらの例として自らが陣頭指揮を執って刀伊の入寇を撃退した藤原隆家や、大宰府を制圧した藤原純友に対抗した橘公頼、白河法皇の院政時代に活躍した大江匡房等が挙げられよう。
Examples of that kind of Dazai Gonnosochi includes FUJIWARA no Takaie who successfully commanded the army to repulse the pirates that tried to invade the northern Kyushu, TACHIBANA no Kimiyori who fought against FUJIWARA no Sumitomo when Sumitomo conquered Dazaifu, and OE no Masafusa who was active during the reign of the cloistered Emperor Shirakawa Hoo.

平和な時代が続き、庶民が次第に力を蓄え武士以上の豪奢な着物を着用するようになると、江戸幕府は士農工商身分確定のために躍起となって次々と禁令を発したのは先述の通りである。
As aforementioned, common folks were gradually empowered as peace continued, some of them wore more gorgeous kimono than the bushi class, Edo bakufu shogunate tried vehemently to ban luxurious kimono one after another in order to fix class distinctions.

それから30年後、南北、71歳のとき、最も精力的に活躍した時代に、名作と名高かった『五大力恋緘』に『仮名手本忠臣蔵』、『東海道四谷怪談』を混ぜ合わせた作品として書いた。
Thirty years after that, at the age of 71 Nanboku entered his most productive era and wrote this play by mixing elements of 'Kanadehon Chushingura' and of 'Tokaido Yotsuya Kaidan' into 'Godairiki Koi no Fujime' that had been already famous as a masterpiece.

大内弘世の跡を継いだ大内義弘は、今川貞世（了俊）の九州制圧に従軍し、南朝との南北朝合一でも仲介を務め、明徳2年（1391年）には山名氏の反乱である明徳の乱でも活躍した。
Yoshihiro OUCHI, who succeeded Hiroyo OUCHI, took part in a campaign by Sadayo IMAGAWA (Ryoshun) to subdue Kyushu, also played a reconciliatory role in the unification of Southern and Northern Courts, and took an active part in the Meitoku War, a rebellion by Yamana clan in 1391.

飯富虎昌・山県昌景の両者は『甲陽軍艦』において武勇に秀でるとともに武田家及び武田軍の中心として活躍した武将として記されており、両名の活躍が赤備えの価値を高めたと言える。
It is written in 'Koyo Gunkan' (record of the military exploits of the Takeda family, compiled by one of the Takeda vassals, and completed in 1616 by Kagenori OBATA) that both Toramasa OBU and Masakage YAMAGATA were busho who had an outstanding bravery and showed a great performance as a leader of the Takeda Family and the Takeda Army, so it can be said that their achievements raised the value of Akazonae.

その後、長泰の表立った活躍はあまり見られないが、領内においては支配体制を固め、善政を敷き、特に領内における寺内町は「大和の大坂」と呼ばれ、大いなる賑わいを見せたという。
Although Nagayasu did not make any major contributions subsequently, he solidified control of the domain, implemented benevolent rule and brought prosperity, with Terauchi-cho nicknamed 'Osaka of Yamato.'

天正11年（1583年）5月、信長死後に対立した織田家の柴田勝家との賤ヶ岳の戦い（近江国伊香郡）で福島正則や加藤清正らと共に活躍し、「賤ヶ岳七本槍」の一人に数えられた。
In May 1583, after Nobunaga's death, he fought alongside Masanori FUKUSHIMA and Kiyomasa KATO during the Battle of Shizugatake (Ika-gun, Omi no Kuni) against the Katsuie SHIBATA, becoming one of the 'Shichihonyari (Seven Spears) of Shizugatake'

山路愛山（やまじあいざん、元治元年12月26日 (旧暦)（1865年1月23日） - 1917年（大正6年）3月15日）は、明治・大正初期に活躍した評論家、歴史家。
Aizan YAMAJI (January 23, 1865-March 15, 1917) was a critic and historian who played an active role from the Meiji to Taisho periods.

しかし、この活躍も独断専行甚だしく、7回にも及ぶ撤退命令を無視して追撃して得たもので、戦いには勝ったものの損害もまた大きく、高虎や他の重臣たちから疎まれる原因となった。
However such victory was achieved only by acting on his own authority disobeying the retreat order seven times in pursuit of the fleeing enemy and such puerile victory led Takatora and his vassals to give him a cold shoulder.

10代前半で舞妓から出て（当時、舞妓は10歳前後でお座敷に出ていた）、15歳のころに衿替えをし、以来、祇園の舞い手としてお座敷や『都をどり』、『温習会』などで活躍した。
She attended drinking parties as a maiko (apprentice geisha, at the time, maiko attended drinking parties at the age of about 10 years) in her early teens, and she became a Geisha at the age of 15; thereafter, attending parties as a dancer, Miyako Odori (dance performance held in April by geisha and maiko in Kyoto's Gion district) and Onshukai Dance Performance.

松竹から日活に移ってプログラムピクチャーを多く監督した1950年代～60年代は、文芸・アクション・青春ドラマ・歌謡映画・メロドラマと多種多様のジャンルの広さで活躍した。
He directed many program pictures between 1950s and 1960s after he moved from Shochiku to Nikkatsu, he also played an active role in a great variety of genres such as arts, action, seishun drama, Kayo Movies (Hit Song Movies), and soap operas.

元弘元年（1331年）の後醍醐天皇笠置山の戦いの折には二階堂貞藤と戦い、これを退ける活躍を見せるも帝（みかど）の本隊が奇襲により総崩れとなると、やむなく軍勢を撤退した。
In the battle of Mt. Kasagi in 1331 which involved Emperor Godaigo, he fought against Sadafuji NIKAIDO and did remarkable work to repulse attacks by the enemy, but when the main force of the Emperor completely collapsed by a surprise raid, he was compelled to withdraw his troops.

秘書として信長そば近くに仕え、内政面だけではなく、外交面でも武田信玄、特に毛利家との友好関係のため小早川隆景、吉川元春らとの折衝にあたるなど、信長に重用され、活躍した。
As a private secretary he worked closely with Nobunaga not only on administrative matters but also on external issues with Shingen TAKEDA and due to a particularly amicable relationship with the Mouri family, TAKEI was appointed by Nobunaga and actively involved in negotiations between Takakage KOBAYAKAWA and Motoharu KIKKAWA etc.

企業社会が彼女らの活躍の場をどう用意できるか、も大きな課題だが、一方でこれからの日本社会が必要とする創造性豊かな人材を、教育産業がどう育成し、提供していけるかも重要だ。
One problem is how the enterprises arrange posts for excellent female students, but another important point is whether the educational industry can grow and supply creative students needed for Japan's future.

しかし、こうした神秘的な経験は、信仰の飛躍が科学的設計から論理的でやむにやまれず生じたり、その妥当性がそういう設計の存在によって論理的に確証されるという必要はないのだ。
But such mystical experience requires that leap of faith—it does not arise logically and compellingly out of the scientific design, nor is its validity logically confirmed by the existence of such design.

また、鳥羽は地方から淀川を経由して京都に物資を運ぶ拠点であり、室町時代には問丸や車借の活躍が見られ（『庭訓往来』など）、江戸幕府の京都代官の史料にも活動の様子が見られる。
In addition, Toba was a base to transport supplies from provinces to Kyoto through the Yodo-gawa River, where toimaru (specialized wholesale merchants) and shashaku (shipping agent using carts) were active in the Muromachi period (described in 'Teikin Orai' [Collection of letters used for family education] and so on), and historical documents of Kyoto daikan (the regional officer of Kyoto) of the Edo bakufu also wrote about Toba.

激動の幕末期において一時は牽引役として活躍した水戸藩も、ついにはこれといった才覚ある人物もいない状態となり、明治になってみれば新政府に1人の要人を出すこともできなかった。
The Mito Domain, which once played an important role during the upturn of the end of the Edo period, no longer had any talented person and could not produce any senior officials in the Meiji Government.

しかしホイートンが活躍した時代は自然法から実定法へという流れがさらに加速しつつある時期にあたり、自著『国際法原理』を改訂するにあたって実定法的立場へと徐々に重心を移した。
With respect to the era in which Wheaton was active, however, it was a period in which the flow from natural law to positive law was accelerated, and in revising his work 'Elements of International Law,' he shifted his standpoint gradually toward positive law.

しかし、家老小松清廉（帯刀）や大久保の後押しで復帰し、元治元年（1864年）の禁門の変以降に活躍し、薩長同盟の成立や王政復古 (日本)に成功し、戊辰戦争を巧みに主導した。
But again he returned, supported by Kiyokado KOMATSU, who was the chief retainer (to belt on a sward) and after Kimmon no Hen (Conspiracy of Kimmon) in 1864, he was very active, and succeeded forming the Satsuma-Choshu Alliance and the Restoration of the Monarchy (Japan), and took initiative in the Boshin War.

またこの年には、全国66ヶ国中11ヶ国の守護を務めていた山名氏が幕府に背く明徳の乱が起こり、その京都内野の戦いでの活躍により、翌年には出雲国、隠岐国の守護へと任ぜられる。
In the same year, the Yamana clan, a clan serving as Shugo (Military Commissioner) to 11 of the 66 provinces in Japan, started the Meitoku no Ran (Rebellion of Meitoku), and he was appointed Shugo of Izumo and Oki Provinces for his performance in the Battle of Kyoto Naiya.

1681年から1687年までの間には権大納言として朝廷政治の中枢にあり、またこの間の1684年からは武家伝奏を兼務して幕府との交渉に活躍し、1708年まで同職に在職した。
In the period from 1681 to 1687, he took over the key position of the politics in the Imperial Palace as Gon Dainagon and, during this period, from 1684, he also assumed the position of bukedenso and actively involved in communication and negotiation with bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and he stayed in this position until 1708.

今井信郎（いまいのぶお、天保12年10月2日 (旧暦)（1841年11月14日） - 大正8年（1919年）6月25日）は、幕末から明治時代初期に活躍した武士である。
Nobuo IMAI (November 14, 1841 - June 25, 1919) was a samurai who lived around the end of the Tokugawa shogunate to the early Meiji period.

木戸孝允（きどたかよし、天保4年6月26日 (旧暦)（1833年8月11日） - 明治10年（1877年）5月26日）は、幕末～明治初期に活躍した日本の武士・政治家。
Takayoshi KIDO (August 11, 1833 - May 26, 1877) was a Japanese samurai and statesman who had a distinguished career from the end of the Edo period to the early Meiji period.

そして、パトラッシュは、クウェンティン＝マーシス（十五〜十六世紀に活躍したフランダース地方の画家）の墓に通じる壊れかけた鉄の門の近くにある石畳の上に取り残されるのでした。
and Patrasche, left without on the stones by the iron fragments of Quentin Matsys's gate,

為房卿記（ためふさきょうき）は、後三条・白河・堀河・鳥羽天皇に蔵人・蔵人頭として仕え、大蔵卿・参議として活躍した藤原為房の日記で、「大記」「大御記」「大府記」とも呼ばれる。
Tamefusa-kyo Ki, also called 'Daiki,' 'Daigyoki' and 'Daifuki,' is a diary written by FUJIWARA no Tamefusa, who served as Kurodo (chamberlain) and Kurodo no to (head chamberlain) and was active as Okura-kyo (Minister of the Treasury) and Sangi (councilor) for Emperors Gosanjo, Shirakawa, Horikawa and Toba.

西笑承兌（さいしょうじょうたい、天文 (元号)17年（1548年） - 慶長12年12月27日 (旧暦)（1608年2月13日））は豊臣政権～江戸時代に活躍した臨済宗の僧。
Saisho Jotai (1548 - March 23, 1608) was a Rinzai Sect monk who was active from the time of the Toyotomi regime to the Edo period.

明治27年（1894年）の日清戦争では緒戦より「浪速 (防護巡洋艦)」艦長を務め、豊島沖海戦（イギリス船籍の高陞号撃沈事件）、黄海海戦 (日清戦争)、威海衛海戦で活躍する。
Togo served as captain of the 'Naniwa (protected cruiser)' from the beginning of hostilities in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, and had an active role in the Battle of Pungdo (the sinking of the British Kowshing incident), the Battle of Yalu (Sino-Japanese War), and the Battle of Weihaiwei.

坪内逍遥（つぼうちしょうよう、正字体：逍遙、1859年6月22日（安政6年5月22日 (旧暦)） - 2月28日）は明治に活躍した日本の小説家、評論家、翻訳家、劇作家。
Shoyo TSUBOUCHI (坪内逍遥, orthographic style: 逍遙, June 22, 1859 - February 28, 1935) was a novelist, critic, translator, and playwright in Japan who was active in the Meiji Era.

参議兼式部卿であった父・宇合の死去と同じ年（737年）に息子・種継が誕生しているにも関らず、「無位無官」と伝わっている他には清成個人の活躍の記録が全くないのは不可解である。
Although his son, Tanetsugu, had been born in the same year (in 737) as the death of his father, Umakai, who served as Sangi (councilor) and Shikibukyo (Minister of the Ministry of Ceremonial), it is mysterious that there is no record of Kiyonari's careers except the record of 'no special rank or title'.

さて、二人の一層小さいクラチット達、すなわち男の児と女の児とは、麺麭屋の戸外で鵞鳥の匂いを嗅いだが、それが自分達のだと分ったと云って、きゃあきゃあ叫びながら躍り込んで来た。
And now two smaller Cratchits, boy and girl, came tearing in, screaming that outside the baker's they had smelt the goose, and known it for their own;

三代目尾上多賀之丞（さんだいめおのえたがのじょう、明治22年（1889年）9月21日 - 昭和53年（1978年）6月20日）は、戦前戦後にかけて活躍した歌舞伎役者。
Taganojo ONOE the third (Sep 21, 1889 - June 20, 1978) was a Kabuki actor who was popular around the World War II.

安倍貞任の子孫を名乗る津軽安東氏・安藤氏、その後裔で戦国大名として活躍した秋田氏、安倍宗任の子孫を名乗る九州松浦党とその後裔である平成時代の総理大臣安倍晋三が特に有名である。
Particularly famous among them are the Tsugaru Ando (安東 or 安藤) clan who claimed themselves as the descendants of ABE no Sadato, the Akita clan who were descendants of the Tsugaru Ando clan that were active as a Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period), the Kyushu Matsuura Party who claimed themselves as the descendants of ABE no Muneto, and Shinzo ABE who is a descendant of the Kyushu Matsuura Party and was a Prime Minister in the Heisei era.

当道の子の坂上好蔭は武人として東北で活躍するが、その子の坂上是則、孫の坂上望城は歌人として名をなし、その子孫は代々、京都の検非違使庁に出仕し明法博士や検非違使大尉を継承した。
SAKANOUE no Yoshikage, the son of Masamichi, played an active role as a warrior in Tohoku region, and his son SAKANOUE no Korenori, and his grandson SAKANOUE no Mochiki became famous as kajin (waka poets), then, their descendants successively served to Kebiishicho (Office of Police and Judicial Chief), where they took over the positions of Myoho hakase (professor of law) and Kebiishi police officer.

また、国立民族学博物館へと活躍の場を移した梅棹忠夫（生態学→民族学・人類学）や、国際日本文化研究センターの設立に尽力した梅原猛（哲学）らも、この京大人文研の京都学派に含める。
Moreover, Tadao UMESAO who moved the stage to the National Museum Ethnology (ecology to ethnology and anthropology), Takeshi UMEHARA (philosophy) who made an effort to establish an International Research Center for Japanese Studies, and others are also included in this Kyoto school.

坂上田村麻呂らの活躍によって蝦夷の主だった抵抗勢力が排除されたために大量の服属民が生み出されたためにその急激な増加によって現地における支配・統治に不安がもたれたからとする説。
One theory is that due to the great efforts by SAKANOUE no Tamuramaro, major opposing powers within Emishi were removed, which produced many subordinate groups, the rapid increase of which was a threat to order in certain places.

5世紀頃（宋 (南朝)）の江南で活躍した道士、陸修静（りくしゅうせい 406年 - 477年）はさまざまな流れのあった道教をまとめあげる事に大きな寄与をした、と言われている。
It is said that Rikushusei (406 - 477) in the Song (Southern) Dynasty around the fifth century contributed significantly to the unification of various Dokyo schools that existed at that time in Konan (Jiangnan).

近年の研究を反映した早雲像は全く別であり、将軍に直接仕える名門一族の青年が幕府の命を帯びて駿河に下り、中央の政治と連動しながら関東で活躍して、後北条氏の祖となったことになる。
The image of Soun seen in recent studies is completely different; a young man from a noted family who served the Shogun received an order from the Bakufu to go to Suruga, ruled over Kanto in collaboration with the central government and later became a member of the Gohojo clan.

奥宮健之（おくのみやけんし、1857年12月27日（安政4年11月12日 (旧暦)） - 1911年（明治44年）1月24日）は、自由民権運動で活躍した日本の社会運動家。
Kenshi OKUNOMIYA (December 27, 1857 - January 24, 1911) was a social movement activist in Japan, who played an active part during Jiyu Minken Undo (the Freedom and People's Rights Movement).

南条文雄（なんじょうぶんゆう、嘉永2年5月12日 (旧暦)（1849年7月1日） - 昭和2年（1927年）11月9日）は、日本の明治・大正期に活躍した仏教学者・宗教家。
Bunyu NANJO (July 1, 1849 - November 9, 1927) was a Japanese Buddhist scholar and religionist who was active during the time from the Meiji period to the Taisho period.

京極高知（きょうごくたかとも、元亀3年（1572年） - 元和 (日本)8年8月12日 (旧暦)（1622年9月17日））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代に活躍した戦国大名。
Takatomo KYOGOKU (1572 - September 17, 1622) was a daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku Period from the Sengoku period active from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the Edo period.

ただし、『二中歴』には、日延は宿曜師ではなく、人の骨相や生年月日から人の運命を占う禄命に通じた禄命師として扱われており、宿曜道よりも禄命の分野での活躍が知られていたようである。
Nichien seems to have been known for his activities in the field of Rokumei, rather than Suiyodo, however, as in 'Nichureki' (Dual History), he was described not as a Sukuyoshi (master of an astrology based on the Sutra of constellations and planets) but as a Rokumeishi (teller of one's destiny) and well informed about Rokumei (one's lot) which tells fortunes by examining one's physiognomy or date of birth.

戦国時代 (日本)から安土桃山時代にかけて、内藤清長・内藤正成・内藤家長・内藤信成らが徳川家康に仕え活躍し、その功績により江戸幕府の成立後は数家に分かれ譜代大名として隆盛した。
From the Sengoku period (Japan's Warring States period) to the Azuchi-Momoyama period, Kiyonaga NAITO, Masashige NAITO, Ienaga NAITO, and Nobunari NAITO served Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and worked so hard that the family was granted the right to establish several branch families, which flourished and provided hereditary daimyo to the Tokugawa House.

その後の治承・寿永の乱では、行綱が摂津武士を率いて源氏方の一翼として活躍したが、東国武士の棟梁となり清和源氏の嫡流を自認した源頼朝によって多田荘を奪われると多田源氏は没落した。
Although Yukitsuna commanded Settsu warriors and participated actively in the Jisho and Juei Disturbances on the Genji side, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, the head of the eastern warriors and heir of Seiwa-Genji, seized control of Tada Manor, resulting in the fall of the Tada-Genji.

1898年、児玉源太郎が第4代台湾総督として就任すると、内務省 (日本)の官僚として活躍していた後藤新平を民政長官に抜擢し、台湾の硬軟双方を折衷した政策で台湾統治を進めていく。
Gentaro KODAMA, who assumed the fourth Governor-General in 1898, promoted Shinpei GOTO, a bureaucrat of the prewar Ministry of Home Affairs (in Japan) as Chief of Home Affairs, taking the carrot and stick approach toward the governance of Taiwan.

伝教法師（最澄）や弘法大師（空海）が活躍した平安初期（8世紀）に越後国で生まれた彼は、国上寺（新潟県燕市）の稚児となった（国上山麓には彼が通ったと伝えられる「稚児道」が残る）。
According to this version of legend, Shuten Doji was born in the Province of Echigo in the early Heian Period, a contemporary of the famous Japanese Buddhist leaders Denkyo Hoshi (Saicho) and Kobo Daishi (Kukai), and became a page of Kokujo-ji Temple (Tsubame City, Niigata Prefecture) (there is a path called 'Chigo Do,' or literally Page's Path, at the foot of Mt. Kugami, which is believed to have been used by Shuten Doji).

織田信長死後の天正11年（1583年）には、秀吉と織田家筆頭家老の柴田勝家との間で行われた賤ヶ岳の戦いで、福島正則、加藤清正らと共に活躍し、『賤ヶ岳七本槍』の一人に数えられた。
After the death of Nobunaga ODA, in 1583, he fought alongside Masanori FUKUSHIMA and Kiyomasa KATO at the Battle of Shizugatake, between Hideyoshi and Katsuie SHIBATA, a Hitto-Garo (or high-ranking samurai) of the Oda Family, and was counted as one of the 'Shichihonyari of Shizugatake.'

隆景の率いた小早川水軍は、毛利氏が一躍世に出た弘治 (日本)元年（1555年）の厳島の戦いにおいて、陶晴賢率いる大内水軍を破って海上を封鎖し、毛利軍の勝利に大いに貢献している。
In the Battle of Itsukushima in 1555, which was a breakthrough for the success of the Mori clan, the Kobayakawa navy lead by Takakage defeated the Ouchi navy lead by Harukata SUE and established a naval blockade, thus contributing greatly to the victory of the Mori forces.

谷干城（たにたてき、天保8年2月12日 (旧暦)（1837年3月18日） - 明治44年（1911年）5月13日）は、幕末から明治にかけて活躍した、土佐藩士、軍人、政治家。
Tateki TANI (March 18, 1837 - May 13, 1911) was a feudal retainer of the Tosa clan, a military man and a statesman who lived from the end of Edo period to the Meiji period.

陸奥の死後は西園寺の側近としても活躍し、明治31年（1898年）1月に成立した第3次伊藤内閣に西園寺が文部大臣として入閣すると、竹越は大臣秘書官兼文部省勅任参事官に任命された。
After the death of Mutsu, he played an important role as Saionji's close adviser, and when Saionji joined the third Ito cabinet formed in January 1898 as the minister of education, Takekoshi was assigned the post of secretary to the minister together with the additional post by the imperial order, the councilor of the Ministry of Education.

重野安繹（しげのやすつぐ、文政10年10月6日 (旧暦)（1827年11月24日） - 明治43年（1910年）12月6日）は江戸末期から明治初期に活躍した漢学者、歴史家。
Yasutsugu SHIGENO (November 24, 1827 - December 6, 1910) was a scholar of Chinese classics and a historian, who played an active role during the end of Edo period to the early Meiji period.

森山栄之助（もりやまえいのすけ、または森山多吉郎、文政3年6月1日 (旧暦)（1820年7月10日） - 明治4年（1871年））は、江戸時代に活躍した日本の通詞（通訳）。
Einosuke MORIYAMA (also referred to as Takichiro MORIYAMA, July 10, 1820 - 1871) was a Japanese interpreter in the Edo period.

村上専精（むらかみせんしょう、嘉永4年4月1日 (旧暦)（1851年5月1日） - 昭和4年（1929年）10月31日）は、日本の明治・大正期に活躍した教育者、仏教史学者。
Sensho MURAKAMI (May 1, 1851 - October 31, 1929) was an educator and a scholar of Japanese Buddhist history who played an active role from the Meiji period to the Taisho period.

江戸時代後期に活躍した7代・利斎は指物だけではなく塗師としても一流の腕を持ち、黒田正玄や飛来一閑らと合作を作るなど意欲的に製作を行い、長寿にも恵まれ「駒沢家中興の祖」といわれる。
The seventh Risai, who worked vigorously in the late Edo period and was also an excellent lacquerer as well as a joiner, collaborated with both Seigen KURODA and Ikkan HIKI, and lived a long life, being called 'the restorer of the Komazawa family.'

粒の直径が約1mm以上のものは回転運動（左図1）、1mm - 0.05mm（50マイクロメートル）くらいのものは躍動運動、約0.05mm以下のものは浮遊運動をするといわれている。
It is said that sand with a gain size of 1mm or more rotates (see Fig. 1 on the left), those with a grain size of 1 mm to 0.05 mm (50 micrometers) jump, and those with a grain size of less then 0.05 mm float.

なお、かつてこの「源氏物語絵巻」は平安時代末期に名高い絵師として活躍した藤原隆能が１人でこれを描き上げたと考えられていたために一般的に「隆能源氏」といった呼ばれかたをされていた。
FUJIWARA no Takayoshi, who was active as a well-known painter at the end of the Heian period used be thought to have painted this all by himself, so it used to be generally called 'Takayoshi Genji.'

元亀元年1570年の俗に言う金ヶ崎の退き口では、梁田広正・中条将艦らと共に、僅かな兵力である馬廻り衆を率いて、成政も殿の軍に参加し、鉄砲隊を用いて秀吉軍を救援し活躍したとされる。
On the so called Kanegazaki no nokiguchi (withdrawal from Kanegazaki) in 1570, it is said that Narimasa also participated in the army of the lord, leading a few armed forces of horse guards with Hiromasa YANADA and Masakane CHUJYO and worked to support Hideyoshi using firearms troop.

渡来人系の地方豪族の出身でありながら孝謙（称徳）天皇の側近として、橘諸兄・藤原仲麻呂・道鏡の各政権で要職を占めながら失脚することなく桓武天皇の時代まで活躍した異色の人物であった。
He was extraordinary in that, coming from a powerful local family descended from toraijin (people from overseas, especially from China and Korea, who settled in early Japan and introduced Continental culture to the Japanese), he served Emperor Koken (Shotoku) as well as assuming several important posts under each government of TACHIBANA no Moroe, FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, and Dokyo and remained in power throughout the time Emperor Kammu assumed the throne.

幼少のころから「農をもって国を興す」という大志を抱き、わずか8歳で運搬用の手押し車を発明するなど農機具の考案、さらにはイネの品種改良など農業全般にわたる実地指導者として活躍した。
He had an ambition to 'promote the national development of Japan through the development of agriculture' from his childhood; he invented an agricultural instrument--a handcart to carry agricultural produce--when he was only 8 years old; he continued to work practically as the leading advisor of various agricultural fields, including the improvement and production of new rice varieties.

1866年（慶応2年）6月に長防探索用を命ぜられ探索方として活躍するが、その後消息不明（おそらく死亡）となり、無嗣子ゆえ止むを得ず板垣退助の次男乾正士を後嗣として家を継がしめた。
In July 1866, he was ordered to inspect Choshu (Nagato Province) and Boshu (Suo Province) and did a very good job as an inspector, but after a while he lost contact and became missing (probably he was killed), and Masashi INUI, the second son of Taisuke ITAGAKI, was selected as the inheritor of succeeding to the INUI family because he had no heir.

田能村直入（たのむらちょくにゅう、文化 (元号)11年2月10日 (旧暦)（1814年3月31日） - 明治40年（1907年）1月21日）は、明治時代に活躍した画家である。
Chokunyu TANOMURA (March 31, 1814 - January 21, 1907) is an artist who flourished in Meiji period.

吾妻 (装甲巡洋艦)の主錨 -- 日露戦争時、装甲巡洋艦として活躍した吾妻は、昭和19年引退したが、京都府出身旧海軍従軍者の熱願によって慰霊のモニュメントとして移設、安置された。
Azuma (armored cruiser) main anchor: This Azuma armored cruiser was active during the Russo-Japanese War and retired in 1944 but was relocated to its current site to serve as a memorial as a result of the strong desire of former navy veterans from Kyoto Prefecture.

ランプの光がトムのブーツをてかてかと光らせ、ミス・ベイカーの銀杏色の髪を鈍く輝かせ、その腕の筋肉がしなやかに躍動してページがめくられるたび、去りゆくページの縁を鮮やかに照らした。
The lamp-light, bright on his boots and dull on the autumn-leaf yellow of her hair, glinted along the paper as she turned a page with a flutter of slender muscles in her arms.

忍術（にんじゅつ）とは、日本の室町時代頃から戦国時代 (日本)に活躍した忍者がおこなった敵方に対する情報収集、情報霍乱などに関する技術及びその際に必要とする兵法、武術の総称である。
Ninjutsu is a generic term for techniques used by Ninja (persons in feudal Japan who used ninjutsu for the purposes of espionage, assassination, sabotage, etc.), who were active during the Muromachi Period and the Sengoku Period, to gather intelligence or to destabilize intelligence against the enemy camp and also arts of warfare and martial arts necessary to carry out Ninja's operations.

赤松則村の長男赤松範資の後裔赤松氏満は石野城を与えられたことで表向きは石野氏を称し、別所長治の部将として羽柴秀吉麾下の猛将古田重則（古田重然の兄）を三木城攻防戦で討ち取るなど活躍。
Ujimitsu AKAMATSU was the descendent of Norisuke AKAMATSU, the first son of Norimura AKAMATSU, and he ostensibly proclaimed himself as a member of the Ishino clan, since he was given the Ishino-jo Castle, and he rendered distinguished service in the battle over the Miki-jo Castle as a military commander of Nagaharu BESSHO, by defeating Shigenori FURUTA (Shigenari's older brother), a courageous warrior under the command of Hideyoshi HASHIBA.

また江戸時代には、鎌倉時代から続く商工業が飛躍的に発達し、犬上・愛知・神崎・蒲生・高島の各郡、特に八幡 (近江八幡市)・日野町 (滋賀県)・五個荘町などから近江商人を多く輩出した。
In the Edo period, trade and manufacture, which started in the Kamakura period, markedly developed and such counties as Inukami, Echi, Kanzaki, Gamo, and Takashima, especially Hachiman (Omihachiman City), Hino-cho (Shiga Prefecture) and Gokasho-cho produced a lot of Omi merchants.

特に2002年のサッカーFIFAワールドカップ日韓大会でのトルコチームの活躍を機に盛んにテレビ番組や雑誌でも取り上げられるようになるなど、日本の一般の人々の間に徐々に広まっている。
The story of the Ertuğrul disaster has gradually spread out among the people in Japan; it has been frequently talked about in many TV programs or magazines, especially after the Turkish team achieved remarkable results in the 2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan.

四代目鶴屋南北（よだいめつるやなんぼく、宝暦5年（1755年） - 文政12年11月27日 (旧暦)（1829年12月22日））は、江戸時代後期に活躍した歌舞伎狂言の作者。
Nanboku TSURUYA IV (1755 - December 22, 1829) was a Kabuki playwright during the latter half of the Edo period.

磯野小右衛門（いそのこえもん、文政8年10月3日 (旧暦)（1825年11月12日） - 明治36年（1903年）6月11日）は、幕末から明治にかけて大阪を中心に活躍した実業家。
Koemon ISONO (November 12, 1825 - June 11, 1903) was an entrepreneur, primarily based in Osaka from the end of Edo Period to Meiji Period.

末吉孫左衛門（すえよしまござえもん、元亀元年（1570年） - 元和 (日本)3年3月26日 (旧暦)（1617年5月1日））は、江戸時代初期に朱印船貿易で活躍した大坂の大商人。
Magozaemon SUEYOSHI (1570 to May 1, 1617) was a great merchant in Osaka who was very active in Shuinsen Boeki (trading by ships with a shogunal charter for foreign trade) during the early Edo period.

安倍有世（あべのありよ、嘉暦2年（1327年）-応永12年1月29日 (旧暦)（1405年2月28日））は、南北朝時代 (日本)から室町時代初期にかけて活躍した陰陽師・公卿。
ABE no Ariyo (1327 - March 9, 1405) was the Onmyoji (diviner) and Kugyo (the top court officials) who was active from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts to the beginning of Muromachi period.

マキノは活躍できるようにと1928年（昭和3年）、山中を脚本家兼助監督として、嵐寛寿郎の第一次嵐寛寿郎プロダクション（寛プロ）に移籍させるが、五社協定によりその年に独立プロは失敗。
In 1928, Makino transferred Yamanaka to First Arashi Kanjuro Productions (Kan-puro) as a screenwriter and assistant director so that he could play an active role, but the independent production company failed within the same year due to a Five company agreement.

このころから独り立ちして北郷家の当主としての実務も見るようになったと思われるが、朝鮮出兵・庄内の乱で実際に活躍した三久を当主とすべきという勢力と対立し、家中が紛糾し出すようになる。
It is believed that around this time, he began overseeing the business on his own as the head of the Hongo family, although, the conflict with forces believing Mitsuhisa, who actually played an active role in Japan's Invasion of Korea and the Shonai War, should be the family head, introduced the power struggle into the family.

敗戦の影響で、航空機の開発を制限された日本では航空機製造の分野では振るわなかったが、戦前に活躍した技術者の多くが車産業へと鞍替えすることで日本の自動車産業の成長を支えることなった。
In Japan, where the development of aircraft was limited due to Japan's defeat in the war, many engineers, who did not do well in aircraft manufacturing, but were active before the war, pushed back the boundaries of the automobile industry and supported the growth of the auto industry in Japan.

想像をかき立てられてミスター・レオナルド老人があのギーギー言う声で「ミスター・ドーランをここへ寄越してください」と呼ばわる声を聞くと、彼は心臓がのど元まで熱く躍り上がるのを感じた。
He felt his heart leap warmly in his throat as he heard in his excited imagination old Mr. Leonard calling out in his rasping voice: 'Send Mr. Doran here, please.'

松浦検校（まつうらけんぎょう、生年不詳 - 文政5年11月21日 (旧暦)（1823年1月2日））は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家（地歌三味線および箏曲演奏家、作曲家）。
Kengyo MATSUURA (year of birth unknown – January 2, 1823) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).

楊守敬より啓発を受けた日下部鳴鶴、巌谷一六の六朝書道、また、徐三庚に影響された西川春洞、さらに中林梧竹らの活躍によって、明治末から大正にかけての漢字書道界は華やかな動きを示している。
From the end of Meiji to the Taisho period, Meikaku KUSAKABE and Ichiroku IWAYA, both enlightened by Yang Shoujing, actively supported calligraphy of the six dynasties, and Gochiku NAKABAYASHI in addition to Shundo NISHIKAWA, who was affected by Xu Sangeng, was also active, making movements in the Chinese calligraphic world in this flamboyant era.

宇治の猿楽座はもと幸・藤若・梅松・守菊の四座であったが、早くも天文年間には廃絶し、正忠の子四郎次郎忠能は小鼓の名人宮増親賢に師事し、また金春禅鳳に能を学ぶなどして、金春座で活躍した。
There were four Sarugaku troupes in Uji - Ko, Fujiwaka, Umematsu (梅松) and Shugiku (守菊) - but they were abolished between 1532 and 1554, and Masatada's son, Shirojiro Tadayoshi studied under Chikakata MIYAMASU, who was a master of kotsuzumi, learned Noh from Zenpo KONPARU, and then played an active part in the Konparu troupe.

藤田組は鉄道建設をはじめ、大阪の五大橋の架橋、琵琶湖疎水などの工事を請け負い、建設業で躍進するとともに、伝三郎は同16年には大阪紡績（東洋紡績の前身）を立ち上げ、紡績業にも進出した。
In 1883, Fujita Gumi moved into the construction industry by contracting to build a railroad, the 5 bridges in Osaka and Biwa Lake Canal; additionally, Denzaburo established Osaka Boseki (predecessor of Toyobo) and entered the spinning industry.

また、九条道家及びその子供達（九条教実・二条良実・一条実経・女婿近衛兼経）の側近として活躍、「任官・加爵・諸訴」を中心とした徳政政策（『平戸記』延応2年2月10日条）の推進に努めた。
In addition, he worked actively as a close adviser of Michiie KUJO and his children (Norizane KUJO, Yoshizane KUJO, Sanetsune ICHIJO, his daughter's husband Kanetsune KONOE), and made efforts to promote a benevolent policy centering 'assignment, giving peerage (加爵) and various lawsuits' (in the section of March 12, 1240 in 'Heikoki').

多くの偉大な近代の物理学者が深い神秘的ないし宗教的感受性を持っており、その科学的研究で明らかにした素晴しく雄弁で複雑な設計の中に信仰の飛躍の励みを見てきたのは、おそらく偶然ではない。
It's probably no accident that many great modern physicists have had profoundly mystical or religious sensibilities and have seen in the wonderfully eloquent and complex designs revealed by their scientific investigations encouragements for a leap of faith.

しかし、15世紀にはいり大砲、銃が活躍し出すと、火薬を使った銃弾の威力は高さの優位を減少させ、大砲の使用により高いが比較的薄い壁は容易に打ち壊され、また高い建造物は大砲の標的となった。
However, when cannons and guns came into wider use in the fifteenth century, the power of bullets with gunpowder reduced the superiority of height, while cannons destroyed high and relatively thin walls with ease while high buildings became excellent targets for cannons.

慧南の門下から晦堂祖心、東林常聡、真浄克文が輩出し、祖心の弟子の死心悟新、霊源惟清が、克文の下からは兜率従悦、覚範慧洪らが出て活躍し、当初は、より盛んであった楊岐派よりも優勢になった。
The appearance of Maido Soshin, Torin Josho (東林常聡) and Shinjo Katsubun (真浄克文) who were disciples of Enan, Shijin Goshin and Reigen Isei who were disciples of Shoshin, and Tosotsu Juetsu and Kakuhan Keiko (覚範慧洪) who were disciples of Katsubun, led to its flourishing and the Oryu school became superior to the Yogi school, which had flourished more before.

このような伝統と巧みな技術開発により、襖紙産地としての名声を高め、太平洋戦争後の復興需要で、生産量が飛躍的に拡大し、機械抄紙機の普及にともなって、現在に至るまで襖紙の主流を占めている。
Tradition and these developments of skillful techniques improved the reputation of Echizen as a production area of fusuma paper, and its production rapidly expanded by the increased demand due to revival after the Pacific War, and it has been the mainstream of fusuma paper until now in accordance with the prevalence of power-driven shoshi-ki machines.

人麿の活躍年代から推測して大宝律令（701年）制定の前後にこの歌が詠まれたとすると、その時代にごく限られた所、例えば御所の衾所（ふすまどころ寝所）などに「衾障子」があったと推測される。
If we guess that this waka was produced around the establishment of Taiho Code (in 701), judging from the period Hitomaro's flourished, there apparently were 'Fusuma Shoji' (an opaque sliding screen made of a wooden frame and thick paper) in limited places such as the fusumadokoro (place to sleep) in the Imperial Palace in those days.

昭和期には尾上菊五郎 (6代目)・中村吉右衛門 (初代)、市村羽左衛門 (15代目)、實川延若 (2代目)、中村梅玉 (3代目)など多くの名優が活躍し今日の歌舞伎に大きな影響を与えた。
During the Showa period, many great actors were active, such as the sixth 'Kikugoro ONOE,' the first 'Kichiemon NAKAMURA,' the fifteenth 'Uzaemon ICHIMURA,' the second 'Enjaku JITSUKAWA' and the third 'Baigyoku NAKAMURA,' and they had a great impact on today's Kabuki.

薩摩琵琶は16世紀に活躍した薩摩の盲僧、淵脇了公が時の領主、島津忠良に召され、命を受けて、武士の士気向上のため、新たに教育的な歌詞の琵琶歌を作曲し、楽器を改良したのが始まりと言われる。
It is said that the Satsuma biwa was made by Ryoko FUCHIWAKI, a blind priest in Satsuma, who worked actively in the 16th century, when he was called by Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, a feudal lord at that time, and was ordered to compose Biwa uta (Biwa song) with educational poems and modify the instrument to inspire morals of samurai.

三代目市川壽海（さんだいめいちかわじゅかい、新字体：寿海、明治16年（1886年）7月12日 - 昭和46年（1971年『4月3日）は大正から昭和前期にかけて活躍した歌舞伎役者。
Jukai (壽海) ICHIKAWA III ('寿海' in new simplified Chinese characters; July 12, 1886 - April 3, 1971) was a kabuki actor, who was active from the Taisho to the beginning of Showa period.

その他、映画では嵐寛寿郎、大河内伝次郎、阪東妻三郎といった時代劇スターが現れ、音楽では服部良一、古賀政男や中山晋平と言った作曲家や淡谷のり子、藤山一郎、東海林太郎などの歌手が活躍した。
Included among those actively involved in other cultural fields in this period are film actors in historical plays such as Kanjuro ARASHI, Denjiro OKOCHI and Tsumasaburo BANDO, composers such as Ryoichi HATTORI, Masao KOGA and Shinpei NAKAYAMA and singers including Noriko AWAYA, Ichiro FUJIYAMA and Taro SHOJI.

とはいえ、それまで日本で作成されてきた諸地図と較べ、技法の点から見て飛躍的に進歩した精密・詳細・正確な地図であり、いくつかの点を除けば、当時の西洋の地図にもほぼ遜色のない水準であった。
However, the complete map is precise, detailed and accurate, greatly advanced in terms of technique compared with the past Japanese maps, and almost comparable to Western maps in those days except for some defects.

与謝野晶子（よさのあきこ、正字体：與謝野晶子、明治11年（1878年）12月7日 - 昭和17年（1942年）5月29日）は明治時代から昭和時代にかけて活躍した歌人、作家、思想家。
Akiko YOSANO (与謝野晶子 or 與謝野晶子 in orthographic style; December 7, 1878 - May 29, 1942) is a kajin (waka poet), novelist, and thinker active during the Meiji through Showa Periods.

伊藤仁斎（いとうじんさい、寛永4年7月20日 (旧暦)（1627年8月30日） - 宝永2年3月12日 (旧暦)（1705年4月5日））は、江戸時代の前期に活躍した儒学者・思想家。
Jinsai ITO (August 30, 1627 - April 5, 1705) was a Confucian scholar and philosopher in the early Edo period.

文禄3年（1594年）7月20日、織田信長の後を継いで天下人となった豊臣秀吉に対して蝋燭、麝香、真壺、ルソン壺、唐傘、香料など珍品を献上し、秀吉の保護を得て日本でも豪商として活躍した。
On September 4, 1594, he presented Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, who had become the ruler of Japan, succeeding to Nobunaga ODA, rare goods of candles, musk, Matsubo pots (unpatterned Luzon pots), Luzon pots, oil-paper umbrellas, perfume, and so on, to be flourished as a wealthy merchant in Japan as well under Hideyoshi's protection.

菊岡検校（きくおかけんぎょう、寛政4年（1792年） - 弘化4年11月12日 (旧暦)（1847年12月19日））は19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家（地歌三味線演奏家、作曲家）。
Kengyo KIKUOKA(1792 - December 19, 1847) was a blind musician who was active in Kyoto during the early nineteenth century (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, composer).

南北朝時代には足利方に従い、時親の曾孫にあたる毛利元春は、足利幕府(室町幕府)が九州の南朝勢力であった懐良親王の征西府を討伐するために派遣した今川貞世(了俊)の指揮下に入り活躍している。
Motoharu MORI, a great-grandson of Tokichika, supported the Ashikaga side during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, and played an active role under the commander Sadayo (Ryoshun) IMAGAWA, when the Ashikaga bakufu (Muromachi bakufu) dispatched Sadayo for the subjugation of Seiseifu fortress in Kyshu, which was under the power of Southern Court governed by the Imperial Prince Kanenaga.

江戸時代中期に活躍した通詞吉雄耕牛（幸左衛門）の自宅は、2階にオランダから輸入された家具を配して「阿蘭陀坐敷」と呼ばれており、庭園もオランダ渡りの動植物にあふれ、長崎の名所となっていた。
The house of Kogu YOSHIO (Kozaemon), who was an interpreter in the mid Edo period, had furniture imported from the Netherlands upstairs and was called 'the Dutch house' where also had animals and plants from the country and was a famous tourist spot in Nagasaki.

その後は頼朝配下の有力重臣として活躍し、1185年（文治元）の伊勢平氏の平清盛一族（平家）の滅亡後、頼朝の命を受けて上洛し、守護と地頭の設置を認めさせるべく、朝廷との交渉に当たっている。
Subsequently, Tokimasa served Yoritomo as his important vassal, and after TAIRA no Kiyomori, who headed a Taira family of the Ise-Taira clan, was killed in 1185, he was ordered by Yoritomo to go up to Kyoto and negotiate with the Imperial Government for permission to set up a shugo (military governor) and jito (military land steward) in Japan.

信長に従って各地を転戦し織田家の主だった合戦には全て参戦、近江国の六角氏との戦い（観音寺城の戦い）では、箕作城を落とすなどの戦功をあげ、長島一向一揆や越前国での対一向一揆戦でも活躍した。
Following Nobunaga in various battles, he participated in almost all the battles of the Oda family, and showed distinguished war service in the battle against the Rokkaku clan in Omi Province, for instance, capturing Mitsukuri-jo Castle, and also gave great performances in the battle of Nagashima Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers in Nagashima) and the Ikko Ikki battle in Echizen Province.

弘安10年（1287年）の伏見天皇の即位に伴う後深草上皇院政開始によって一躍院近臣の筆頭として院執権、伝奏、評定衆を歴任、正応2年（1289年）には彼の家系では異例の権大納言に昇進した。
With the commencement of the Cloister government by the Retired Emperor Gofukakusa, which followed the accession of Emperor Fushimi to the throne in 1287, Tokitsugu was able to hold posts such as Innoshikken (Regent of the Cloister Government), Denso (message courier between the court's people and the Emperor), Hyojoshu (a member of Council of State) as the head of In no Kinshin (the Retired Emperor's courtier), and he was promoted to Gon Dainagon (Provisional Chief Councilor of State) in 1289, which was unusual for his family line.

三要元佶（さんようげんきつ, 天文 (元号)17年（1548年） - 慶長17年5月20日 (旧暦)（1612年6月19日））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初頭にかけて活躍した禅僧である。
Genkitsu SANYO (1548 - June 19, 1612) was a Zen priest who was active during the period from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the early Edo period.

その後、『大日本名将鑑』『大日本史略図会』『新柳二十四時』『風俗三十二相』『月百姿』『新撰東錦絵』などを出し、浮世絵色の脱した作品を作るが、それに危機を覚えてか、本画家としても活躍しだす。
Subsequently, he produced a series of woodblock prints including 'Dainippon meisho kagami' 'Dainihonshi ryaku zue''Shinryu nijuyoji' 'Fuzoku sanjuniso' 'Tsuki hyakushi' and 'Shinsen azuma nishiki-e', for which he made designs growing out of ukiyoe; he might have had a sense of crisis as an ukiyoe artist in that and started being also active as a proper artist.

弘安4年（1281年）、蒙古の第二次侵攻である弘安の役では、安達盛宗（泰盛の子）の指揮下において、志賀島や壱岐国の海戦で敵の軍船に斬り込む等の活躍をして軍功を挙げ、多大な恩賞を与えられた。
In 1281 after the Koan War (the second Mongolian attempt to invade Japan), Suenaga was awarded a massive amount of compensations by cutting his way into enemy vessels in a naval battle in the Shikanoshima Island and Iki Province under the direction of Morimune ADACHI (a son of Yasumori).

特に足利義満の猶子となった25世満済は、応永3年（1396年）に醍醐寺座主に任じられ、続いて准三后となり、後には足利義教の室町幕府征夷大将軍擁立にも活躍したため、「黒衣の宰相」と呼ばれた。
25th head priest Mansai, who became the adopted son of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, was appointed head priest of Godai-ji Temple in 1396 before being given the imperial title Ju-Sango and later going on to become referred to as 'Kokui no Saisho' (Buddhist priest who also serves as a government minister) for his backing of the Muromachi Shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.

本多成重（本多重次の子）は幕臣として5000石を食んでいたが、慶長18年（1613年）松平忠直（福井藩75万石）付の附家老となり、若年の忠直を前述の本多富正と共に支え、大坂の役などに活躍。
Narishige HONDA (a son of Shigetsugu HONDA), who had earned a 5,000 koku of rice crop as a shogun's retainer, became Tsukegato to Tadanao MATSUDAIRA (the lord of the 750,000-koku Fukui domain) in 1613, supported young Tadanao together with Tomimasa HONDA, and played an important role, for example, in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka)

しかし、、西南戦争での警視官（当時の警察官の呼称）によって編成された抜刀隊の活躍ゆえに、警視庁では警視流木太刀形が制定されるなど、剣術推奨の方針転換がなされ、剣術の復興の動きの端緒となった。
However, as Battotai (drawn sword squad) consisting of keishikan (policemen at the time) achieved distinguished military service in the Seinan War, a policy of encouraging Kenjutsu was adopted, including the creation of Keishi-ryu katachi kata (attack and defend with wooden swords) by Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, and this became the momentum for the restoration of Kenjutsu.

話は大きく分けて、伊豆大島に流罪になった為朝の活躍をほぼ史実に添って書いた前篇、琉球に渡った為朝による琉球王国再建を書いた後篇があり、特に後篇のスケールの大きさと破天荒な展開が好評を博した。
The story was divided into the prequel that depicted the deeds of Tametomo exiled to Izu-oshima Island almost according to the truth and the reconstruction of Ryukyu Kingdom by Tametomo that travelled there in sequel that vastness and unexpected development especially in later volumes brought popularity to the later edition.

また、出雲風土記では意宇郡舎人郷賀茂神戸とあり、また現在の島根県安来市には賀茂神社があり、祖神である一言主の同一神、言代主の活躍地である東部出雲に属することから、ここを本貫とする説もある。
In another theory, Shimane is put forward as home city of the Kamo family based on the fact that there is a description of Kamo-no-kamube, Toneri-no-sato, O County in 'Izumo-fudoki,' and that there is a Kamo-jinja Shrine in Yasugi City in Tobu Izumo (Eastern Izumo and present-day Shimane Prefecture), where Kotoshiro nushi, the ancestral god Hitokoto nushi under a different name, is worshipped.

8代目にあたる久世通煕は幕末に公武合体派として活躍し、万延元年（1860年）8月から慶応3年4月（1867年）まで（途中文久2年（1862年）9月から翌年12月を除く）にかけて議奏を務めた。
Michihiro KUZE, the eighth head of the family, played an active role in the Kobu Gattai (integration of the imperial court and the shogunate) at the end of the Edo period and was the adressor of opinions to the Emperor between August 1860 and April 1867 (except the period from September 1862 to December 1863).

正房の子、正述は長崎奉行をつとめ、その正述の子、飛騨守正親は勘定奉行、江戸南町奉行＜在任期間：延宝8年（1680年）8月30日～元禄3年（1690年）12月3日＞などをつとめるなど活躍した。
Masahusa's child, Masanobu served as a Nagasaki bugyo (Nagasaki magistrate) and his child, Masachika HIDANOKAMI served as kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance) and Edo Minamimachi Bugyo (Magistrate) (served from August 30, 1680 to December 3, 1690).

1465年12月11日（寛正6年11月23日）、義政と富子との間に足利義尚（のち義煕）が誕生すると、実子義尚の将軍職擁立を切望する富子は、宗全に接近し義視の将軍職就任を阻止しようと暗躍する。
When Yoshihisa (later renamed Yoshihiro) ASHIKAGA was born on December 11, 1465 between Yoshimasa and Tomiko, the latter, eager to have her own son Yoshihisa succeed the Shogunate, approached Sozen in secret maneuvers to prevent Yoshimi from assuming that position.

これまで足軽は戦闘の主役ではなかったが、戦国時代 (日本)を迎え集団戦が本格化・大規模化していくと、訓練された槍・弓 (武器)・鉄砲の足軽隊が組織され備の主要な部隊として活躍するようになる。
Ashigaru had not yet been utilized as the main element of battle forces but as they became more well organized and increased in number during the Sengoku period (Japan), they were given training and ashigaru units bearing spears, bows (weapons) and guns were created, going on to form the backbones of armies.

その子孫は渡辺氏と呼ばれ、内裏警護に従事する滝口武者として、また摂津国の武士団として住吉区（住之江）の海（大阪湾）を本拠地として瀬戸内海の水軍を統轄し、源平の争乱から南北朝にかけて活躍した。
His descendants became known as the Watanabe clan, who served in the Takiguchi-no-Musha Imperial Palace guards and, as warriors from Settsu Province based at the sea of Sumiyoshi Ward (Suminoe) (Osaka Bay), were in charge of the Seto Inland Sea navy, flourishing from the Genpei War to Northern and Southern Courts period.

服部半蔵（はっとりはんぞう）は、戦国時代 (日本)から江戸時代初期にかけて松平氏〜徳川氏の麾下で活躍した武士で、代々「半蔵」を仮名 (通称)の名乗りとした服部半蔵家の歴代当主たちである。
Hanzo HATTORI was samurai working under the command of Matsudaira clan and the Tokugawa clan from the Sengoku period (period of warring states) to the early Edo Period, and refers to the successive family heads of the Hattori clan who assumed the name of 'Hanzo' for generations.

山崎の戦いや賤ヶ岳の戦いでも活躍し、石田三成家臣の杉江勘兵衛、田中吉政家臣の辻勘兵衛と並んで「三勘兵衛」と評されたものの、天正13年（1585年）に秀勝が没してしまうと、それに伴い浪人する。
He made the big impact during the Battle of Yamazaki and the Battle of Shizugatake and he was called 'Sankanbe' along with Mitsunari ISHIDA's vassal Kanbe Sugie and Yoshimasa TANAKA's vassal Kanbe TSUJI, however, he became unemployed when Hidekatsu died in 1585.

河竹黙阿弥（かわたけもくあみ、文化 (元号)13年2月3日 (旧暦)（1816年3月1日） - 明治26年（1893年）1月22日は、江戸時代幕末から明治にかけて活躍した歌舞伎狂言作者。
Mokuami KAWATAKE (March 1, 1816 - January 22, 1893) was a Kabuki kyogen-sakusha (playwright of Kabuki kyogen) who was popular in the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate (the end of the Edo period) through the Meiji period.

坂上田村麻呂と共に蝦夷征討に活躍した文室綿麻呂（智努王の孫）や、歌人の文屋康秀（大市王の玄孫）など、文室氏（文屋氏）は皇統が天武系から天智系に戻った後も平安時代初期まで活躍が確認されている。
It is confirmed that even after the switch of the Imperial lineage from the branch of Emperor Temmu to the branch of Emperor Tenchi, the prosperity of the Funya family continued until the early Heian period, producing FUNYA no Watamaro (the grandson of Prince Chinu), who, together with SAKANOUE no Tamuramaro, played an important role in the subjugation of indigenous inhabitants in eastern Japan, and FUNYA no Yasuhide (the great-great-grandson of Prince Ochi), a poet.

土一揆の時代には一揆の中核として活躍し、中には、村落から離脱して、自らの地位を武士に特化する地侍もおり、戦国時代 (日本)に入ると、戦国大名やその幕下の大身の国人領主の家臣として系列化された。
During the period of Doikki (peasant uprising), they performed an active role as the core of the uprising, some of whom left the village to emphasize on their position as samurai and they were organized as subordinate warriors under Sengoku Daimyo (warring lords) and Kokujin Ryoshu in the Sengoku period.

鳥羽上皇が院政を行った1129年から1156年の間に活躍したといわれ、20歳前後の若い女性（少女とも）でありながら、大変な博識と美貌の持ち主であり、天下一の美女とも、国一番の賢女とも謳われた。
Tamamo no Mae supposedly played an important role during the cloistered rule of the Retired Emperor Toba, which was from 1129 to 1156, and she was supposed to be a young woman of about 20 years old (or some say a young girl) with extensive knowledge and great beauty, and she was said to be the most beautiful and smartest woman in the country.

また銃剣の登場もこれに大きく寄与していると考えられるが、同時にこの時代は大砲の運用が飛躍的に改良されており、銃兵の交替射撃のみが戦線の状況を変革させたと論じるのは未だ大きな検討を要するであろう。
Also, the appearance of bayonet drill is considered to have contributed much to this, but at the same time, during this period the operation of the cannon was dramatically improved and it still needs much revision to argue that only the exchange shooting of fusiliers transformed the battle line situation.

その後正成の子の楠木正行、楠木正時や、正成の弟の楠木正季などは北朝 (日本)の足利尊氏との戦いで戦死し、生き残った正成の子の楠木正儀は南朝零落後にも有力武将として活躍し、北朝との和睦を仲介する。
After that, Masashige's sons, Masatsura KUSUNOKI and Masatoki KUSUNOKI, and younger brother, Masasue KUSUNOKI, died in battle with Takauji ASHIKAGA of the Northern court; however, another son of Masashige, Masanori KUSUNOKI, survived even after the Southern Court's fall into straitened circumstances and served actively as a powerful military commander and served as a mediator of the reconciliation with the Northern Court.

1970年代以降には洛東江流域の旧伽耶地域の発掘調査が飛躍的に進み、文献史料の少ない伽耶史を研究するための材料が豊富になってくるとともに、政治的欲求に基づく解釈から解放された議論が盛んとなった。
After the 1970s, the excavation and research of the former Gaya region in the Nakdong River basin made a remarkable progress, and discussions free from politically-biased interpretations came to prosper at the same time as more materials were discovered for the study of Gaya history, which was little documented.

小早川氏は、源頼朝の側近の一人で源平合戦で活躍した土肥実平の後裔と伝えられ、茂平は実平より数えて四代目にあたり、小早川の名は土肥氏の本拠地である伊豆の土肥郷にある早川の地名を採ったものとされる。
It is believed that the Kobayakawa clan was established by the descendants of Sanehira DOHI who was one of the aides of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo and made a good showing in the Genpei War (war between Minamoto clan and Taira clan), Shigehira was the fourth generation down from Sanehira and that the name of Kobayakawa was taken from Hayakawa, a place-name in Dohi-go Village, Izu, home ground of his feud.

が、徳川氏が天下を取った後、徳川軍の活躍を脚色するために書かれたものであるとする見方や、員昌が織田家に降った後織田家を追放されているという経緯から、織田側の文書に留まっていないとする見方もある。
However, some believe that the episode was written after the Tokugawa clan unified Japan to dramatize the Tokugawa army's military performance, while other believe that the Oda clan's documents did not record the episode because Kazumasa, who surrendered to the Oda clan, was later exiled from the clan.

5人の子どもの内、長男の田村高廣（2006年死去）、三男の田村正和、四男の田村亮 (俳優)の3人は俳優となり（二男の田村俊磨は実業家で、高廣・正和のマネージャーも務めた）、その活躍は現在に至る。
Among his five children, the first son, Takahiro TAMURA (who died in 2006), the third son, Masakazu TAMURA, and the fourth son, Ryo TAMURA, all became actors and are still active today (the second son, Toshimaro TAMURA, a businessman, served Takahiro and Masakazu as their agent).

近松門左衛門（ちかまつもんざえもん、近松門左衞門、承応2年（1653年） - 享保9年11月22日 (旧暦)（1725年1月6日））は江戸時代前期の元禄期に活躍した歌舞伎・浄瑠璃の作者である。
Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU (1653 - January 6, 1725) was a kabuki and joruri (ballad drama) playwright who wrote many great works during the Genroku era in the early Edo period.

初陣の小牧・長久手の戦いでは大いに活躍し、徳川・織田連合軍の約10倍近くの兵を有していた羽柴軍の総大将である羽柴秀吉（後の豊臣秀吉）やその配下の武将達もこの井伊の赤備えには、大変手こずったという。
Ii's Akazonae (red arms) had such great success in their first engagement at the Battle of Komaki-Nagakute that Hideyoshi HASHIBA, supreme commander of a Hashiba army that consisted of nearly 10 times as many soldiers as the allied forces of Tokugawa and Oda, and his busho (Japanese military commanders) were said to have trouble with them.

大坂で活躍するうち、その素質を中村雀右衛門 (初代)に認められ、幹部俳優の三枡大五郎 (4代目)の婿養子となり、万延元年八月 (1860年7月)、死亡した義兄の名をおそって三代目三枡源之助を襲名。
While he was performing in Osaka, Jakuemon NAKAMURA Ⅰrecognized his natural talent so Sojuro was adopted by his wife's family (Daigoro MIMASU Ⅳ was his wife's father) and in July 1860, he was given the name Gennosuke MIMASU Ⅲto succeed the name of his dead brother-in-law.

新潟県を放浪、造り酒屋などで奉公しながら、素人相撲で活躍していたが、明治10年（1877年）高砂浦五郎_(初代)「高砂改正組」事件を率いて巡業に来ていた高砂浦五郎 (初代)に見出され、再入門する。
While wandering around Niigata Prefecture and serving apprenticeships in sake brewers, he showed his great performance in amateur sumo, in 1877, his skill caught the attention of Uragoro TAKASAGO (the first) who were on regional tours (jyungyo) leading 'Takasago kaiseigumi', and ODATE joined the stable.

中沢道二（なかざわどうに、享保10年8月15日 (旧暦)（1725年9月21日） - 享和3年6月11日 (旧暦)（1803年7月29日））は、江戸時代中期から後期にかけて活躍した石門心学者。
Doni NAKAZAWA (September 12, 1725 - July 29, 1803) was an eminent scholar of Sekimon Shingaku (popularized blend of Buddhist, Shinto and Confucian ethical teachings) between the middle and the latter half of the Edo period.

1970年の『樅ノ木は残った (NHK大河ドラマ)』に出演以降、テレビドラマにも活躍の場を広げ、『前略おふくろ様』の主人公の母親役や連続テレビ小説『雲のじゅうたん』のナレーションなどで親しまれた。
Since her appearance in the NHK historical drama 'Mominoki wa Nokotta' in 1970, she expanded her activities into television dramas, and became popular in roles such as the mother of the leading character in 'Zenryaku Ofukurosama' (literally, 'My Dear Mother') and the narrator for the soap opera 'Kumono Jutan' (literally, 'Cloud Carpet').

八重崎検校（やえざきけんぎょう、安永5年（1776年）頃－嘉永元年9月11日 (旧暦)（1848年10月7日））は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家（地歌三味線、箏曲演奏家、作曲家）。
Kengyo YAEZAKI (around 1776 – October 7, 1848) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).

日本列島内には、異民族とされている九州南部の隼人（熊襲）、北日本の蝦夷などがいたが、隼人の反乱の鎮圧や征夷大将軍坂上田村麻呂の活躍等によって、隼人は8世紀に、蝦夷は12世紀に完全に服従したとされる。
There were different races such as the Hayato (an ancient tribe in Kyushu) in the south of Kyushu and the Ezo (northerners) in the north of the Japanese archipelago; however, the former was subjugated in the 8th century and the latter in the 12th century thanks to the suppression of the uprising of the Hayato people and the achievements of SAKANOUE no Tamuramaro, Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians').

菱川師宣（ひしかわもろのぶ、男性、元和 (日本)4年（1618年）月日不詳 - 元禄7年6月4日 (旧暦)（1694年7月25日））は、日本の近世にあたる江戸時代、その初期に活躍した絵師の一人。
Morobobu HISHIKAWA (the date of birth unknown, 1618 - July 25, 1694) was one of the leading male painters in the early Edo period, which is the early modern times in Japan.

もっとも、当時はこうした仏教絵画を制作する僧侶は、仏像そのものの制作にあたる仏師のうちに含まれていたと考えられ、10世紀に活躍した仏教絵画の作家である定豊・平慶・平慶などは全て「仏師」と称されている。
However, at that time it appears that monks who produced such Buddhist paintings were included in busshi (a sculptor of Buddhist statues); therefore, 定豊, 平慶, and 玄朝, who played an active part in the creation of Buddhist paintings in the 10th century, were all called 'busshi.'

近代に入った1877年頃、日本初の従軍記者として活躍し、その後も数々の先駆的な業績を残した岸田吟香（1833年 - 1905年）が卵かけご飯を食べた日本で初めての人物とされ、周囲に卵かけご飯を勧めた。
Around 1877 in the early modern times, Ginko KISHIDA (1833 - 1905), who flourished as the first war correspondent in Japan and left many accomplishments as a pioneer, ate tamago kake gohan for the first time in Japan, and recommended it to surrounding people.

しかしながら、徳川政権により上田から海津城（松代）に移された真田氏は藩主は勿論、家臣団にとっても武田配下だった「御先祖様」活躍の地であるためもあって幕末まで戦跡は保護されたり語り継がれることとなった。
However, the Sanada clan was transferred from Ueda to Kaizu-jo Castle (located in Matsushiro) by the Tokugawa administration, and because the area was the place where the ancestors of the lord of the domain and of the retainers had had a lively showing, therefore the battle sites were protected and tales about the sites were handed down for generations until the end of the Edo period.

その功により、のちに黒母衣衆のひとりとなったが、信長上洛後は大河内城攻め、甲州攻めなどでは名があるが、あまりぱっとせず、吏僚的な活躍が多いため、一隊の長に昇ることなく信長の側近として旗本部隊に属した。
As the reward for that, he was later promoted to a member of kurohoroshu (a group of selected warriors of Nobunaga ODA), but after Nobunaga's visit to Kyoto, he did not have any remarkable achievements, so that although he made his name in the attack on Okochi-jo Castile and the Invasion of Koshu, he was not promoted to a chief of troops but he belonged to the troops of the direct vassal to Nobunaga as a close vassal because he worked mainly as a clerical staff.

また、天正12（1584）年に41歳の男盛りだった伊達輝宗が嫡男の伊達政宗に家督を譲ったことで、政宗とその弟伊達小次郎の後継者争いを抑え、政宗が飛躍する足がかりを作ったことも、隠居の成功例として有名だ。
Also famous is successful inkyo Terumune DATE in 1584 when he was just 41 in his virility, he handed over the reigns of the family to his legitimate eldest son Masamune DATE, and brought under control of the conflict between Masamune and his younger brother Kojiro DATE for succession, and it gave Masamune a chance to take a giant step.

父後醍醐の鎌倉幕府倒幕が成功し、建武の新政が開始されると再び天台座主となるが、建武の親政が崩壊し、南北朝の対立が本格化すると還俗して宗良を名乗り、大和国吉野（奈良県）の南朝方として活躍をするようになる。
He became the head priest of the Tendai sect of Buddhism after his father, Emperor Godaigo was successful with overthrowing the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and the Kenmu Restoration started, but after the Restoration collapsed and antagonism between the Southern and the Northern Courts became serious, he returned to a secular life and was re-named Muneyoshi, he started taking sides with the Southern Court force of Yoshino in Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture).

比叡山等の強訴の頻発に際し、その鎮圧や白河天皇の行幸の護衛に活躍するが、陸奥国守となったとき、清原氏の内紛に介入して後三年の役を起こし、朝廷に事後承認を求めるが、朝廷は「私戦」として官符を下さなかった。
He served as a guard for the Emperor Shirakawa during his imperial visits and suppressed rebelling Mount Hiei monks, but after becoming Mutsu no kuni no kami (the governor of Mutsu Province), he interfered in the internal conflict of the Kiyohara clan, triggering the Later Three Years' War which, although he sought official post-war consent, was declared 'a private feud' by the court.

奈良を離れることなく演能活動をつづけたこと、長らく金春流の流勢がふるわなかったこと、東京では同流の桜間伴馬・櫻間弓川親子の活躍に注目が集まっていたことなどから、一般的な知名度はかならずしも高くなかった。
He was not very popular because he based his performances in Nara Prefecture, the Konparu school did not have much influence for a long time, and in Tokyo, Banba SAKURAMA and Kyusen SAKURAMA, a father and son team, of the same school were attracting attention.

花子（はなこ、本名：太田ひさ、慶応4年4月15日 (旧暦)（グレゴリオ暦1868年5月7日） - 昭和20年（1945年）4月2日）は、明治から昭和初期にかけてヨーロッパで活躍した日本人女優、ダンサー。
Hanako (Real name: Hisa OTA; May 7 1868 to April 2, 1945) was a Japanese actress and dancer who enjoyed a flourishing career in Europe from Meiji period to early Showa period.

秀吉の死後、徳川家康（東軍）と石田三成（西軍）らの争いが始まると、東軍につき、ガラシャは西軍の人質になることを拒んで自害、幽斎は田辺城_(丹後国)で2ヶ月に及ぶ籠城戦を戦い、忠興は関ヶ原の戦いで活躍した。
When the battle between Ieyasu TOKUGAWA (the eastern army) and Mitsunari ISHIDA (the western army) started after the death of Hideyoshi, the family sided with the eastern army, there, Garasha committed suicide refusing to be a hostage of the eastern army, Yusai fought in a siege of Tanabe-jo Castle (Tango Province) for two month and Tadaoki did distinguished service in the Battle of Sekigahara.

大坂の役では真田信繁などの活躍で盛親に出番はなかったが(真田丸の守備は真田信繁と盛親が共同で行っていたという説もある)、大坂の役では豊臣家重臣の木村重成らとともに2万の主力軍勢で徳川家の藤堂高虎と戦った。
In Osaka no Eki, because of the splendid performance by Nobushige SANADA, etc., Morichika could have no part to play (there is a view that guard of the Sanadamaru was conducted by Nobushige SANADA and Morichika jointly), but, in Osaka no Eki, he led the main-force units of twenty thousand together with Shigenari KIMURA, who was a key vassal of the Toyotomi family, and fought with Takatora TODO of the Tokugawa family.

その後は前線で活躍する武将ではなく、奉行人としての後方支援などの活動が中心となり、道奉行としての街道整備や、九州征伐では軍船の調達、小田原合戦では小田原城の接収に立会い、奥州仕置では浅利事件の調査を行う。
Afterwards, he served not as a general on the front lines but mainly as a supporting bugyo (commissioner), concerned with highway maintenance as the Highway Bugyo, the supply military of ships during the Kyushu Campaign and he attended the requisition of Odawara Castle during the Battle of Odawara, as well as investigating the Asari Incident as an Oshushioki, or judge.

九代目市川團十郞（くだいめいちかわだんじゅうろう、新字体：団十郎、天保9年10月13日 (旧暦)（1838年11月29日） - 明治36年（1903年）9月13日）は明治時代に活躍した歌舞伎役者。
Danjuro ICHIKAWA (the ninth) (Danjuro '團十郞 [old letter shape], 団十郎 [new letter shape]),' (November 29, 1838 - September 13, 1930) was a great kabuki actor in the Meiji period.

壬申の乱時の国見の行動は『日本書紀』に見えないが、『続日本紀』の大宝元年（701年）7月21日条には、かつて功臣として100戸の封戸を与えられたことが記されており、天武方で何らかの活躍をしたことが分かる。
Although 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicle of Japan) has no description of Kunimi's role in the Jinshin War, 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) describes that he was given a salary of a hundred fuko (100 taxed families) for his merit, which shows he played some important role fighting for Oama no Miko in its article about July 21of the first year of the Taiho era (May 7, 701).

河田景与（かわたかげとも、文政11年10月18日 (旧暦)（1828年11月24日） - 明治30年（1897年）10月12日）は、江戸時代末期（幕末）から明治時代にかけて活躍した武士、政治家、華族。
Kagetomo KAWATA (November 24, 1828 - October 12, 1897) who flourished from the end of Edo period (the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate) through Meiji period was a Samurai, a statesman and the peerage.

当時、中国の山東半島沿岸一帯は張宝高をはじめとする多くの新羅人海商が活躍していたが、山東半島の新羅人の港町・赤山浦の在唐新羅人社会の助けを借りて唐残留に成功（不法在留者でありながら通行許可証を得る等）する。
Back then, Silla sea merchants, including Bogo JANG, prospered in the neighborhoods of the Shandong Peninsula of China and, with the help of Sillans residing in Chishanji, he was able to stay in China (although he remained as an illegal resident, he was able to obtain a travel permit).

忠裕は、寺社奉行、若年寄、大坂城代、京都所司代と、およそ幕閣の登竜門とされるポストを残らず勤め、文化 (元号)元年（1804年）老中に起用され30年以上勤めるなど、文化文政期の幕閣の中心人物として活躍した。
Tadahiro took an active role as a key person of the cabinet officials of the Shogunate in Bunka-Bunsei period; he was engaged in all the posts which were deemed as a gateway to the cabinet officials of the Shogunate such as jisha-bugyo (magistrate of temples and shrines), wakadoshiyori (a managerial position in Edo bakufu), Osaka jodai (the keeper of Osaka Castle), Kyoto shoshidai (The Kyoto deputy), and served as roju (member of shogun's council of elders) for 30 years after he was employed in 1804.

慶長4年（1599年）に庄内の乱が起こったが、乱の当事者・伊集院氏は北郷氏の故地である都城市を豊臣秀吉の肝いりで横領したと思われており、故郷を回復せんとするこのときの北郷氏家中の活躍はめざましかったという。
When the Shonai War erupted in 1599, the Ijuin clan, the central player of the war was believed to have embezzled Miyakonojo City, a place of connection for the Hongo clan, through the introduction of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and the efforts of the Hongo clan family to recover their hometown were impressive.

東北大学医学部の熊谷岱蔵博士は青山博士とは姻戚関係で、平田宗家とも関係深く、現在では昭和天皇の手術で一躍世界に知られた東京大學の森岡恭彦博士は、手術のとき平田神社のお守りを肌身につけて手術に臨まれたという。
Dr. Taizo KUMAGAI of the medical school of Tohoku University was a relative of Dr. Aoyama, and had a deep relationship with the Hirata family; Dr. Yasuhiko MORIOKA, who became world-famous when he operated on Emperor Showa, also had a relationship with the Hirata family and he wore a good-luck charm from the Hirata-jinja Shrine when performing the operation.

覚鑁（かくばん、嘉保2年6月17日 (旧暦)（1095年7月21日） - 康治2年12月12日 (旧暦)（1144年1月18日））は、平安時代後期に活躍した真言宗の高僧で、真言宗中興の祖にして新義真言宗始祖。
Kakuban (July 27, 1095 - January 25, 1144) was a high priest of Shingon sect who was active in the late Heian period, and the restorer of the Shingon sect and the founder of Shingi Shingon sect.

村山たか（むらやまたか、文化 (元号)6年（1809年） - 明治9年（1876年）9月30日）は、江戸時代末期（幕末）から明治時代初期に活躍した女性で、舟橋聖一著の『花の生涯』のヒロインとして知られる。
Taka MURAYAMA (1809 - September 20, 1876) was a woman who was active from the end of Edo period (last days of the Tokugawa shogunate) to early Meiji Period, and known as the heroine of a novel 'Hana no shogai (life of flower)' by Seiichi FUNAHASHI.

三条西実条（さんじょうにしさねえだ、天正3年1月26日 (旧暦)（1575年3月8日） - 寛永17年10月9日 (旧暦)（1640年11月22日））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初期にかけて活躍した公家。
Saneeda SANJONISHI (March 8, 1575 - November 22, 1640) was a noble who was active from the Azuchi-Momoyama Period to the beginning of Edo Period.

同じく戦国大名として活躍した毛利元就を出した毛利氏では、鎌倉時代以降毛利氏より輩出された安芸坂氏や福原氏などの庶子の一族が庶家衆として、毛利氏当主の兄弟子弟より構成された一門衆に準ずる地位に位置づけられていた。
In the Mori clan which produced Motonari MORI who played an important role as a daimyo, similarly to the Takeda clan, a shoshi family such as the Akisaka and the Fukuhara clans produced from the Mori clan since the Kamakura period were positioned next to ichimonshu which included the siblings and children of the family head of the Mori clan, as shokeshu.

国文学界には、『新古今和歌集』の「法橋行遍」を、熊野出身で熊野速玉大社の社僧・御師を家業とする行遍とする説と、鎌倉時代中期に活躍した東寺四長者の1人である大僧正行遍（1181年 - 1264年）とする説がある。
Among classical Japanese scholars, there are two theories about 'Hokkyo Gyohen' in 'Shinkokin Wakashu': one is that the Gyohen was onshi (a low-ranking Shinto priest), who was from Kumano and a shaso of Kumano-hayatama-taisha Shrine, while the other is that it was daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order), Gyohen (1181-1264), one of the four chief priests of To-ji Temple, who did remarkable work during the mid-Kamakura period.

五代目中村歌右衛門（ごだいめなかむらうたえもん、慶応元年12月29日 (旧暦)（1866年2月14日） - 昭和15年（1940年）9月12日）は、明治から大正、昭和の戦前期にかけて活躍した歌舞伎役者。
The fifth Utaemon NAKAMURA (February 14, 1866 - September 12, 1940) was a kabuki actor who was active in the Meiji period and the Taisho period and the prewar period of the Showa period.

律令制の完全崩壊と豊臣秀吉の弾圧にともない、陰陽寮ないし官人としての陰陽師はその存在感を喪失したものの、逆にそれまで建前上国家機密とされていた陰陽道は一気に広く民間に流出し、全国で数多くの民間陰陽師が活躍した。
Onmyoryo and onmyoji lost their presence as bureaucrats due to the complete breakdown of the ritsuryo system and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's oppression but, on the other hand, Onmyodo, that was supposed to have been a state secret, burst into the private sector and a large number of civilian onmyoji flourished across the country.

戦国時代中期から城の数は飛躍的に増大し、平地に臨む丘陵に築いた平山城（ひらやまじろ）や平地そのものに築いた平城（ひらじろ）が主流となり、防御には優れるが政治的支配の拠点としては不向きであった山城は数が減っていく。
The number of castles increased greatly from the middle of the Sengoku period, hirayamajiro (castles built on a hill or low mountain surrounded by a plain) or hirajiro (a castle built on flatland) became dominant, and mountain castles decreased because they were useful for defense, but not appropriate as a base for political power.

仏教の観音菩薩が明代に道教に取り込まれて慈航真人となったのであるが、ほぼ同じ時代に完成された小説『封神演義』には慈航道人なるキャラクターが登場し、後に観音菩薩になったとしているが、観音菩薩としての活躍は何もない。
Kannon Bosatsu, in Buddhism, was depicted as Jiko Shinjin, having been changed by Dokyo during the Ming Dynasty; and there is a character, Jiko Dojin, in a novel 'Feng-Shen-Yen-I,' which was written at nearly the same time period, and later he became Kannon Bosatsu without any activity as Kannon Bosatsu.

ユーラシア大陸の古代インドで活躍し肉体を持ったゴータマ・シッダルタ（釈迦）を指すのではなく、インドで肉体を持って生誕した前の悠久の昔から存在し、入寂の後も遥か将来まで存在して行くという信仰上の釈迦牟尼世尊である。
This does not mean the historical Gautama Siddhartha (Shaka), who flourished in ancient India on the Eurasian Continent, but instead it means the religious Shakamuni-seson, who has existed from ancient times before he was born in India and continues to exist in the future after his nirvana.

康和2年（1100年）の国信卿家歌合以下、永久 (元号)3年（1115年）、元永元年（1118年）、同2年（1119年）の内大臣藤原忠通家歌合などに出詠しており、堀河天皇歌壇の下部集団である忠通家歌壇で活躍した。
Starting with the Kunizane-kyo ke uta-awase (poetry contest sponsored by the State Counsellor and Middle Captain Kunizane) in 1100, he contributed poems to poetry contests such as the Naidaijin FUJIWARA no Tadamichi ke uta-awase (poetry contests sponsored by the Minister of the Palace FUJIWARA no Tadamichi) in 1115, 1118, and in 1119, and played a major role in Tadamichi's poetry circle, which was subordinate to the Emperor Horikawa's poetry circle.

若冲はつい最近まで知る人ぞ知る画家であったが、1970年に辻惟雄の『奇想の系譜』が出版されて以来注目を浴び、特に1990年代後半以降その超絶した技巧や奇抜な構成が再評価され、飛躍的にその知名度と人気を上げている。
Until recently Jakuchu was known only to few, but with the publication of 'Kiso no Keifu' by Nobuo TSUJI in 1970, his work entered the limelight with particularly praise coming in the latter half of the 1990s for his unique technology and construction, which dramatically increased his name recognition and popularity.

また天喜4年（1056年）5月に頭中将顕房家歌合（「六条右大臣家歌合」）を主催したほか、承暦2年（1078年）4月の内裏歌合、及び寛治7年（1093年）5月の郁芳門院（媞子内親王）根合で判者を務めるなど活躍した。
In June of 1056, he organized To no Chujo Akifusa-ke Utaawase (a poetry contest at the house of To no Chujo Akifusa) titled 'Rokujo Udaijin-ke Utaawase,' and served as the judge for Dairi Utaawase (the palace poetry contest) in May 1078 and Ikuhomonin (Imperial Princess Teishi) Neawase (the root-comparing contest held by Ikuhomonin) in June 1093.

大島口・芸州口・山陰口・小倉口の四方面で戦闘が行われ、芸州口は膠着したが、大村益次郎が指揮した山陰口は奇兵隊を中心とする諸隊の活躍で連戦連勝し、大島口・小倉口も高杉晋作の電撃作戦で勝利し、幕府軍は惨敗続きであった。
The battle was was waged at four different locations, that is, ay Oshima-guchi, Geishu-guchi, Sanin-guchi and Kokura-guchi, and Geishu-guchi remained deadlocked, but the forces at Sanin-guchi, which commanded by Masujiro OMURA won through the hard work of many of the forces there, of which the Kiheitai Army was the foresmost; Oshima-guchi and Kokura-guchi were also won by means of sudden attacks oby Shinsakau TAKASUGI, and the force of shogunate suffered a crushing defeat.

吉沢検校（よしざわけんぎょう、寛政12年（1800年） - 明治5年（1872年）、生年は一説には文化_(元号)5年（1808年））は、幕末に活躍した盲人音楽家（地歌三味線、箏曲、胡弓、平家琵琶演奏家、作曲家）。
Kengyo YOSHIZAWA (1800 or 1808 - 1872) was a visually impaired musician, playing jiuta shamisen (traditional music for the three-stringed banjo-like shamisen), sokyoku (music for the zither-like koto), the kokyu (Chinese fiddle), and the Heike biwa (a lute-like instrument with four strings and five frets used to play Heike Monogatari), and composer active at the end of the Edo Period.

また武将としても活躍、建久4年（1193年）の曽我兄弟の仇討ちの際には、頼朝の護衛役を務め負傷した事が「吾妻鏡」に記述されており、建暦3年（1213年）の和田合戦や承久3年（1221年）の承久の乱にも出陣している。
He played an active role as busho (Japanese military commander), and he served as an escort of Yoritomo and got injured when they took revenge on Soga brothers in 1193, according to 'Azuma Kagami' and fought in the battle of Wada in 1213 and the Jokyu War in 1221.

とりわけ、ロードス島では、大変なジャンプを行い、その距離は、かつて、些かでもその近くまで跳躍した者がいないという程の大ジャンプで、……ロードス島には、その偉業を見届け、証人となってくれる者も大勢いる。と彼は語った。
Among other things, he said that when he was at Rhodes he had leaped to such a distance that no man of his day could leap anywhere near him as to that, there were in Rhodes many persons who saw him do it and whom he could call as witnesses.

また、模型飛行機や超軽量動力機（マイクロライト）の世界でも活躍し、関西模型クラブ連合会名誉会長や財団法人日本ラジコン電波安全協会理事、日本マイクロライト航空連盟会長、また鳥人間コンテスト選手権大会の大会役員も務めた。
Ennei also played an active role in the worlds of model airplane and ultralight power machinery (microlight plane), and took positions as Honorary Chairman of the Kansai Modelers Club Association (KMA), Director of the Japan Radio Control Safety Association, Chairman of the Japan Microlight Aeronautic League, and Administrator of the Japan International Birdman Rally.

チームの攻撃の要だった朴智星を失った2003年シーズンは大黒柱黒部光昭の故障に始まり、朴智星の後釜として期待された大韓民国のファンタジスタ高宗秀は全くの期待はずれと、昨年の躍進ぶりが嘘のように勝ち星をあげられなかった。
The 2003 season, when the team lost Ji-Sung PARK, who had been the pivot of the attack for the team, began with the troubles of the mainstay Teruaki KUROBE, followed by the utter disappointment in Jong-Su KO who was a star from the Republic of Korea and had been expected as a successor to Ji-Sung PARK, so that the team was not able to have a win, almost as if the remarkable results of the previous year had been a falsehood.

しかし、この措置は奥州の豪族達の反感を買い、1402年に室町幕府と結んでいた伊達政宗 (大膳大夫)（戦国時代に活躍した政宗とは別人の先祖）の反乱（伊達政宗の乱）に起きるが、これを上杉禅秀（のちの上杉禅秀）に鎮圧させる。
However, this decision bought anger and discontent from the nobles of Oshu (Mutsu province), and in 1402 the rebellion of Masamune DATE (Daizen no daibu (Master of the Palace Table)) (not related to Masamune of the Warring era) happened, who was allied with Muromachi bakufu, but he ordered Zenshu UESUGI to subdue this rebellion.

南北朝時代以降、鎮守府将軍は叙任をみることはなくなったが、後に新田氏の祖となる源義重が南朝方の功臣として活躍した新田義貞の祖である理由をもって贈鎮守府将軍として記録されていることから没後、贈官を受けたものと考えられる。
Subsequent to the Northern and Southern Courts period in Japan (circa 1336-92), no new Chinju-fu Shogun appointments were made however, there are records that MINAMOTO no Yoshishige (later founder of the Nitta clan) was appointed Chinju-fu Shogun by virtue he was an ancestor of Yoshisada NITTA (an active and meritorious retainer of the Southern Court) who had been appointed posthumously.

隠元の法孫に当たる鉄眼道光禅師は艱難辛苦の末に隠元のもたらした大蔵経を底本とした『鉄眼版（黄檗版）一切経』といわれる大蔵経を開刻・刊行し、これによって日本の仏教研究は飛躍的に進んだばかりか、出版技術も大きく進歩発展した。
Zen Master Doko TETSUGEN, who was a successor (法孫) of Ingen, carved out a pattern of Daizo-kyo on a woodblock, which is called 'Tetsugen-ban Version (Obaku-ban Version) Issai-kyo Sutra,' based on the Daizo-kyo introduced by Ingen describing the trials and tribulations, and published it so that not merely the research of Buddhism in Japan would make dramatic process but the technology of publishing did as well.

また、仁安 (日本)3年（1168年）の院判官代就任以後は後白河天皇の院近臣としても活躍し、衛門府、馬寮、修理職を歴任し、寿永2年（1183年）に内蔵頭に至るが、同年源義仲の上京を受けた一門都落ちに随い、西海へ下向した。
After his assumption of office as inhogandai (office work position) in 1168, he played an active part as In no Kinshin (the Retired Emperor's courtier) of Emperor Goshirakawa, successively filled the posts of Emonfu (Headquarters of the Outer Palace Guards), Meryo (the section taking care of imperial horses), Shurishiki (Office of Palace Repairs) and in 1183, became Kura no kami (Chief of Kuraryo, Bureau of Palace Storehouses), but along with the exile of the Taira clan by MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka's entrance into Kyoto in 1183, went down to the Saikai (provinces on the western seacoast).

東福寺からは歴代多くの名僧が出ているが、中で特筆すべきは、『元亨釈書』の著者である虎関師錬（こかんしれん）と、室町時代に画僧として活躍し、その後の仏画や水墨画に多大な影響を及ぼした吉山明兆（きつざんみんちょう）であろう。
Tofuku-ji Temple has produced a succession of many eminent monks, with the most noteworthy among these being 'Genko-Shakusho' author Kokan Shiren and the artist Kitsuzan Mincho who was active during Muromachi Period and greatly influenced later Buddhist painting and India-ink painting.

その後、「千福」が主力商品になり、サトウハチロー作詞、いずみたく作曲、ダークダックスが歌うコマーシャルソング「グラスをのぞくフラミンゴ」（「千福一杯いかがです」のフレーズ）で一躍有名になった（当初は佐良直美が歌っていた）。
Sempuku' became its leader product and was catapulted into fame by a commercial song 'Gurasu wo Nozoku Furamingo' with a phrase 'what about a cup of Sempuku,' written by Hachiro SATO, composed by Taku IZUMI and sung by Dark Ducks (Naomi SAGARA sang at the beginning).

古代を舞台にし、天の岩戸・十三鐘・絹懸柳などの神話伝説をモチーフにしている点、とりわけ入鹿を恐るべき怪物にし、その弱点を求めて善玉が活躍するという現代のファンタジーアクションに通じる構成は、他の浄瑠璃作品と比べ極めて異色。
This play is very unique among Joruri plays, for its setting in ancient times, the motif of myths and legends like Ama no Iwato (the Heavenly Rock Cave: the myth that the Goddess of Sun hid herself in the cave), Jusan-gane (Thirteen Bells: the legend that a 13-year-old boy who had killed a deer was punished by Ishikozume) and Kinukake Yanagi (Robe Draped over a Willow: the legend about a court who lady drowned herself in Sarusawa-ike Pond), and particularly its structure similar to current fantasy action, which makes Iruka a horrible monster and the good guys who search for his weakness.

しかし明治27年に勃発した日清戦争を契機に大阪は「東洋のマンチェスター」と呼ばれる日本最大の商工業都市に発展し、神戸は東洋最大の港湾都市へ飛躍するなど、再び日本における文化・経済の中心地となった（阪神間モダニズムも参照）。
However, through the Sino-Japanese War which broke out in 1894, Osaka developed into the largest industrial and commercial city in Japan, called the 'Manchester of the East,' while Kobe had rapidly progressed to become the largest port city in the East, causing the cities to once more be the center of culture and economy in Japan (also refer to the Hanshin-kan Modernism).

三管四職家のうち、主に足利義満の時代に取り立てられ勢力を躍進させたのは赤松氏、一色氏、そして持国の畠山氏であったが、義満時代に有力な守護大名であった斯波氏や山名氏が弱体化すると、上の三家が将軍権力の障害となるようになった。
The AKAMATSU, ISSHIKI, and Mochikuni's HATAKEYAMA Clans benefited from Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu's rule, increasing their strength and influence but, as the powerful SHIBA and YAMANA Clans weakened, these three Clans increasingly became an obstacle for the shogun authorities.

活躍した時代の異なる歌人たちを同時代の人物として一同に会するなど、史的考証の面では明らかな誤りが多く、また「草紙を洗う」という突飛な展開や、小町が作中で詠む歌など「稚気あふれる作品」と評され、「荒唐無稽」な筋立ての能である。
This story is reviewed as 'childlike' both for the eccentric idea to 'rinse Soshi with water' and for Komachi's childish poem itself during the play, and also the plot is seen as 'unrealistic and having many historical errors,' because master poets from different times are portrayed as if they lived in the same period.

表章とともに、戦後の謡曲・能楽研究をリードし、能楽師らとの協力のもとに、能楽をアカデミックな研究の対象として言説上で整理を行うほか、自ら演出も行った、戦後能楽界の巨人とも言うべき存在で、90歳になった今も現役で活躍している。
He is the so-called colossus in the Nogaku field in the post war period, playing the leading role with Akira OMOTE in researching Yokyoku (Noh song) and Nogaku in the post war period, organizing the discourse for Nogaku for academic research and producing personally, and still active at the age of 90 now.

この日本古来から連綿と伝わりたる教義を広める為に、山城の是香は篤胤の理論を更に敷衍して、郷里の地で私塾を開き活躍することとなるが、是香同様にその学才を高く評価した篤胤が娘の養子にと嘱望していた生田萬は儚くも夭折してしまった。
Japanese original Shinsendo had been inherited for generations in Japan, and Yoshika, one of Atsutane's leading disciples, applied Atsutane's theory to evolve the Japanese Shinsendo and established his own school in his hometown Yamashiro Province; Atsutane also had a high regard for Yorozu IKUTA's ability and hoped he would become his heir and his daughter's husband, however, Yorozu died at an early age.

物語における為朝は、保元の乱における記述だけに話をしぼっても、まさしく一騎当千の勇者であり、その強弓で馬ごと鎧武者を打ち抜き、わずか28騎の手勢のみで、清盛率いる600余騎、義朝率いる250余騎を退けるという活躍を見せている。
Tametomo in the tale is depicted as an invincible warrior even in the scenes of Hogen Disturbance, and Tametomo plays an active part, shooting an armored warrior and the horse together with his strong bow and making Kiyomori's more than 600 warriors on horseback and Yoshitomo's more than 250 warriors on horseback retreat with his only 28 warriors on horseback.

なお、一般的には明治神祇官は平田篤胤の国学者が主体となっていたと解されているが、実際に活躍したのは神祇官が再興される前段階でのことであり、復興された神祇官は大国隆正の教えを受けた福羽美静ら大国隆正の国学者が権勢を振るっていた。
Although it is generally understood that the main members of Jingikan during the Meiji period were the scholars of Japanese classical literature influenced by Atsutane Hirata, it was in fact before Jingikan was restored that they participated in the movement actively, and it was the scholars influenced by Takamasa OKUNI, such as Bisei FUKUBA, that in fact dominated Jingikan after Jingikan was restored.

田中久重（たなかひさしげ、寛政11年9月18日 (旧暦)（1799年10月16日） - 明治14年（1881年）1月11日）は、江戸時代から明治にかけて「東洋のトーマス・エジソン」「からくり儀右衛門」と呼ばれ活躍した発明家。
Hisashige TANAKA (October 16, 1799 - January 11, 1881) was an inventor nicknamed 'Thomas EDISON of the East' and 'Karakuri (gimmick) Giemon,' who lived from the Edo Period through the Meiji Period.

JR化後に新大阪発着であった九州への寝台特急や、天王寺始発だった南紀方面の特急、また智頭急行開業で運行を開始した山陰への「はくと (列車)」などが新たに京都まで直通運転されるようになり、この区間の特急の列車本数は飛躍的に増えた。
With the privatization to JR, many trains (as follows) started going through to Kyoto Station: the overnight train service bound for Kyushu, which was departing from and arriving at Shin-Osaka; the limited express starting from Tennoji Station for Nanki; and the limited express 'Hakuto,' bound for Sanin district, which started operation with the establishment of Chizu Express Co., Ltd., thus generating a dramatic increase in the number of trains running in this section.

中世期の石塔は、それまでのもろい凝灰岩から硬質の花崗岩や安山岩の利用といった材質の変化、また関東に入った大蔵系石工の活躍、技術の進歩、大陸から入った禅宗を含む鎌倉新仏教の台頭などによって、複雑な形を持った新たな形式が数多く登場した。
There appeared various new, elaborately shaped types of pagodas in the medieval period, chiefly because the quality of the materials in use had changed; hard stones such as granite and Anzangan rock (andesite) were substituted for a fragile stone called tuff (volcanic tuff); a mason of the Okura group entered the Kanto region and actively worked; the technologies advanced; and the Kamakura New Buddhism (new schools of Japanese Buddhism founded during the Kamakura period), including the Zen sect from the continent, evolved.

俳優も團十郎のほか、中村歌右衛門 (6代目)、尾上松緑 (2代目)、中村鴈治郎 (2代目)、中村勘三郎 (17代目)、尾上梅幸 (7代目)、松本白鸚 (初代)、片岡仁左衛門 (13代目)、市村羽左衛門 (17代目)などの人材が活躍。
Besides Danjuro, many actors were active, such as the sixth 'Utaemon NAKAMURA,' the second 'Shoroku ONOE,' the second 'Ganjiro NAKAMURA,' the seventeenth 'Kanzaburo NAKAMURA,' the seventh 'Baiko ONOE,' the first 'Hakuo MATSUMOTO,' the thirteenth 'Nizaemon KATAOKA,' the seventeenth 'Uzaemon ICHIMURA.'

彼らの子、孫の世代も活躍しており、七五三の子の正義（13世千五郎）・眞吾（2世七五三）・千三郎や千之丞の子のあきら、正義の子の正邦・茂、眞吾の子の宗彦（もとひこ）・逸平、あきらの子の童司がそれぞれ狂言師となって千五郎家を支えている。
Their children and grandchildren are also very active and Masayoshi (the 13th Sengoro), Shingo (the 2nd Shime), and Senzaburo, sons of Shime, Akira, son of Sennojo, Masakuni and Shigeru, sons of Masayoshi, Motohiko and Ippei, sons of Shingo, and Doji, son of Akira are all supporting the Sengoro family as Kyogen performers.

この頼朝が義仲に対する優位性を確立した重要な争いにおいて、義仲が挙兵した場所であり、信濃における重要拠点といっていい佐久地方がほとんど無抵抗で制圧されていることから、佐久を本願地とする平賀氏の活躍があったのではと推測する向きもある。
Some people guess that the Hiraga clan, whose base was in the Saku district, might have helped Yoritomo because the Saku district, which was an important place in Shinano where Yoshinaka raised an army, was conquered with almost no resistance in this important battle in which Yoritomo established superiority against Yoshinaka.

現在大蔵家では24世の長男で宗家25世を継いだ大蔵彌太郎（基嗣）と弟の吉次郎（基義）、そして彼らの子である大蔵千太郎（25世の長男）・大蔵基誠（25世の次男）、大蔵教義（吉次郎の長男）の五人が大蔵の名を名乗り東京を中心に活躍している。
At present, five family members, Yataro OKURA (Mototsugu), who is the oldest son of Yataro OKURA, the 24th and assumed the post of the 25th family head; Mototsugu's younger brother Kichijiro (Motoyoshi); and their children Sentaro OKURA (the oldest son of the 25th family head), Motonari OKURA (the second son of the 25th family head), and Noriyoshi OKURA (the oldest son of Kichijiro), perform Kyogen under the name of Okura, mainly in Tokyo.

史料上はっきり記されているのは、鎌倉時代後期に楠木正成が後醍醐天皇が鎌倉幕府に対して挙兵した元弘の乱において宮方に従い、幕府滅亡後に成立した建武政権に加わり、南北朝時代 (日本)に南朝 (日本)（吉野朝廷）方として活躍した以降である。
What is clear from the historical records is that Masashige KUSUNOKI fought together with the court during the Genko War when Emperor Godaigo raised an army against the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), joined the Kenmu Government established after the fall of the bakufu, and played an active role on the side of the Southern Court, or Yoshino Court, during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.

これを再び統一したのは北宋であったが、宋王朝は遼や金 (王朝)などと対立していたことなどから、中国全土に対して強力な支配を行っていたとは必ずしもいえないが、宋のもとで中国の社会が安定し農業や商業が飛躍的に発展したと考えることはできる。
It was the Northern Sung Dynasty that unified China again, but it can not be said that the Sung Dynasty was able to exert a controlling force over the whole area of China, since Sung was confronted with the Ryo and Jin Dynasties, but it can be thought that society achieved stability, and agriculture and commerce made remarkable progress in China during this period.

戦国時代に材をとり、戦で死んだ若武者を弔う二人の女性の邂逅というストーリーと、会話を口語体にしながら、地の文は流麗な文語文という雅俗折衷の文体とが、当時の新しい文学のあらわれとして好評を博し、紅葉は一躍流行作家として世間に迎えられた。
The story situated during the Sengoku period (period of warring states) with two women who were mourning for young warriors that died in battle happened to meet each other, and its gazoku-setchu style, i.e. the mixture of dialogue in common language and narrative in elegant literary style received favorable reviews as the symbol of new style of contemporary literature, so Koyo suddenly became famous as a popular writer.

新平の長男は早世したが次男の新作は佐賀県選出の衆議院議員となり犬養毅の側近として活躍、アジア主義団体である東亜会 (アジア主義団体)およびその後身たる東亜同文会の結成に参加したほか、新平の遺稿を整理・編纂し『南白遺稿』として刊行した。
Shinpei's eldest son died at a young age but his second son Shinsaku was a member of parliament for Saga Prefecture, worked actively as a close associate of Tsuyoshi INUKAI and participated in the pan-Asianist Toa-kai group and its successor the Toa Dobun kai (East Asian Common Culture Society) as well as organizing and compiling Shinpei's writings and publishing them as 'Nanpaku Iko.'

有能な者が実力によって、一代家老（家老格）に登用された代表例として、幕末に活躍した越後長岡藩の河井継之助、薩摩藩の調所広郷、長州藩の村田清風、そして、古くは元禄期の元禄赤穂事件の討ち入りで、有名になった赤穂藩の大野知房などが挙げられる。
The following were typical examples of Ichidai-garo officers who were appointed to the post due to their abilities: Tsugunosuke KAWAI of the Echigo-Nagaoka domain, Hirosato ZUSHO of the Satsuma domain, and Seifu MURATA of the Choshu domain, all of whom played an active part in the abolition of the bakufu system, and as an older example, Tomofusa ONO of the Ako domain who became famous for launching a raid during the Ako Incident in the Genroku era (1688 - 1704).

古代の有力豪族であった物部氏の末裔（仏教反対派として有名な物部守屋の弟の5代目の子孫だとされる）である石上氏に生まれた宅嗣は藤原仲麻呂討伐などで活躍をして大納言にまで昇る一方で当時を代表する知識人・文人であり、熱心な仏教信者でもあった。
Born into the Isonokami clan that is descended from the powerful ancient clan of Mononobe (alleged to be the fifth-generation descendant of the younger brother of MONONOBE no Moriya who opposed the introduction of Buddhism), Yakatsugu is famed for his military accomplishments defeating FUJIWARA no Nakamaro and rising to the rank of Dainagon (chief councilor of state) but at the same time was a leading figure in literature and arts and an avid Buddhist.

本能寺の変の直後に甲斐において河尻秀隆が武田氏の遺臣の一揆により横死したのは家康が暗躍したためともいわれるが、信長の死に乗じて甲斐・信濃に侵攻し、おなじ意図をもって旧武田領に侵攻した北条、上杉とのあいだに騒乱を起こした（天正壬午の乱）。
Right after the Honnoji Incident, it is often said that Ieyasu worked behind the scenes of Hidetaka KAWAJIRI's unusual death by a riot of a surviving retainer of the Takeda clan in Kai Province, and taking advantage of the death of Nobunaga, Ieyasu invading Kai and Shinano Provinces started a riot between the Hojo clan and the Uesugi clan who invaded the former territory of the Takeda clan with the same intention (Tenshojingo War).

再びJ1で戦うこととなった2002年は、開幕直後こそ4連敗するものの、ゲルト・エンゲルス監督のもと、黒部をはじめとする前述の3選手に加えて平井直人、角田誠といった下部組織出身の選手も活躍、J1残留どころか堂々のリーグ戦年間順位5位となる。
In 2002, the club played in J1 again, and although it lost four straight games from the very opening of the season, under Manager Gert Josef Arthur ENGELS, not only the above-mentioned three players, including KUROBE, but also the players up from the subordinate organization like Naohito HIRAI and Makoto KAKUDA did a very good job, and the team was splendidly positioned fifth in the annual standings of the league, not to speak of staying in J1.

このような大衆文化が開花に時期にはクラシック音楽ではアルトゥーロ・トスカニーニ、セルゲイ・ラフマニノフ、アルフレッド・コルトー、エンリコ・カルーソー、ティノ・ロッシなどの優れた音楽家、ピアニスト、歌手が活躍し、日本でも人気を博していった。
While the mass culture was blooming as stated above, a number of musicians - conductors, composers, pianists and singers such as Arturo Toscanini, Sergei Rachmaninov, Alfred Cortot, Enrico Caruso and Tino Rossi - took a lively part in the classical music field and increasingly gained popularity in Japan as well.

またその前に大阪貯蓄銀行副頭取、明治25年に衆議院議員、明治31年、浪速銀行頭取、大阪舎密工業社長、明治32年に阪神電気鉄道社長に就任したのをはじめ数多くの関西の会社設立に尽力し、大阪銀行集会所委員長として関西財界の指導者として活躍した。
He was dedicated to establishing many companies in Kansai region by assuming the vice-president of Osaka Chochiku Bank before that, the member of House of Representatives in 1892, the president of Naniwa Bank and the president of Osaka Seimikogyo in 1898, the president of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. in 1899 and more, and was active in leading the financial world in Kansai region as the chairman of the committee of Osaka Bank.

御三家のひとつ紀州徳川家領と接していることからしばしば係争が発生し、将軍吉宗時代に江戸町奉行として活躍する大岡忠相が務めたこともあり、奉行時代の忠相の働きに感心した紀州藩主時代の徳川吉宗が、のちに抜擢したという伝説があることでも知られる。
Because it had contact with the fief of the Kishu Tokugawa family, one of Tokugawa gosanke (three privileged branches of Tokugawa family), disputes occurred periodically; Tadasuke OOKA, who was active as the Edo Machibugyo at the time of Shogun Yoshimune, served at the post for a time; and there is known to be a legend that Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, who was impressed by Tadasuke's work as Bugyo when he was chief of the Kishu clan, later chose him.

飛鳥時代には右官、左官と言う名称で今で言う左官業とそれ以外の普請業を右官といった説や左官、大工説などはっきりしないが、安土桃山時代に城普請で活躍した穴太衆（あのうしゅう）の一部が城普請が無くなってから曳き屋に転業したという記録が残っている。
In Asuka period, tobishoku was called ukan and sakan, which vaguely refers to either the current plasterer and other fushingyo (construction workers) as ukan, or the plasterer and the carpenter; however, it is recorded that some Anoshu (group of stonemason), who were active in building castles in Azuchi-Momoyama period, switched jobs and became hikiya after the castle construction was terminated.

武田家伝統の赤備えで編成した真田信繁隊は、天王寺・岡山の戦い天王寺口の戦いで家康本陣を攻撃し、三方ヶ原の戦い以来と言われる本陣突き崩しを成し遂げ、『真田日本一の兵古よりの物語にもこれなき由』と薩摩旧記（島津家）に賞賛される活躍を見せた。
Nobushige SANADA's troop formed in the Takeda Family's traditional Akazonae attacked the headquarters of Ieyasu in the battle of Tenno-ji and the battle of Tenno-ji-guchi, in which they achieved the breaking of headquarters which was said to be for the first time since the Battle of Mikatagahara, and showed the performance as praised in the Satsuma Nikki (Journal of Satsuma Domain) (Shimazu Family) which tells, 'Sanada is the best troop in Japan. Even an old story has never told such a strong troop.'

そして、この戦いに参加した五十三家の地侍達を「甲賀五十三家」と呼び（さらに五十三家の中で六角氏より感状を貰い重きを置かれた家を「甲賀二十一家」と称した）、甲賀の地が織田信長に席巻されるまでの間、六角氏の下で諜報活動に戦闘にと活躍していった。
The 53 families of jizamurai (literally, soldiers of the land) that participated in this battle were called the '53 families of Koga' (among them, the families which received a letter of commendation from the Rokkaku clan for taking part in the battle and were valued were called the '21 families of Koga') and they were active in both intelligence and fighting activities under the Rokkaku clan until the Koka region was seized by Nobunaga ODA.

『平家物語』でも、兵糧不足で停滞していた頃の範頼の遠征軍が、遊女と戯れ進軍を怠っている事になっており、宇治川合戦後の後白河法皇の御所への参院で範頼がいなかった事にされるなど、義経の武勲を引き立てるために範頼の活躍を矮小化している傾向がある。
About the period when Noriyori was forced to stop because of army provisions shortage, 'The Tale of the Heike' describes it as if Noriyori stayed there to play with yujo (prostitutes) and neglected his duties, in addition to this according to 'The Tale of the Heike' only Yoshitsune came to gosho of Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, so this seems to overrate Yoshitsune's Bukun (deeds of arms) by making light of Noriyori's activities.

世阿弥・音阿弥という天才の間に埋もれた「殆ど見るべきものの無い存在」と見る向きもあったが、世阿弥から著書『風姿花伝』を相伝されたことが分かっており、最近では観世座の脇之仕手として兄を支えて大夫にも匹敵する活躍をしていた人物と考えられている。
There was a view that he was the 'existence that cannot be seen often' between geniuses Zeami and Onami, but it was known that he inherited 'Fushikaden' (The Flowering Spirit) written by Zeami and in recent days it is believed that he served as an assistant who supported the older brother as waki no shite (beside-the-doer role) of Kanze-za (Kanze guild) similar to a standard of a dayu (master).

そのため宮騒動においても、藤原定員のように連座することも、後藤基綱のように警戒されることもなく、政権中枢であり続け、子の中原師連も宗尊親王の御所奉行、評定衆として活躍し、その家系は鎌倉時代末期には摂津氏と呼ばれて幕府中枢の事務官僚を世襲した。
Because of that, he kept being the central figure in the government through the Palace Disturbance, without got involved in the incident like FUJIWARA no Sadakazu nor being suspected like Mototsuna GOTO; also his son NAKAHARA no Morotsura was active as the Intendant of the Shogunal Palace for Prince Munetaka and a member of the Council of State, established the family line as the family inheriting secretary official positions in the center of the government and as to be called the Settsu clan at the end of the Kamakura period.

前記の『栄花物語』の記述などを勘案して推測するに、元服と同時に叙爵したものの（生年を延喜10年とし、元服を15・6歳とするならば延長 (元号)2・3年〈924年・925年〉の叙爵であろうか）、廟堂で活躍することなく、すぐに出家したのであろう。
Based on what was mentioned in the previously mentioned 'Eiga Monogatari', he may have had his coming-of-age ceremony and may have received a Joshaku (peerage) (i.e. if he was born in 910, and had his coming-of-ceremony at 15 or 16, he must have received peerage in 924 or 925), but seeing that he could not get any positions within the Court, he may have entered priesthood right away.

実頼の子孫は、次男の関白太政大臣藤原頼忠（廉義公）と養子の右大臣藤原実資（3男藤原斉敏の子）が大臣になったものの、師輔の子孫の九条流が摂家嫡流になったため次第に傍流に追いやられ、白河天皇院近臣として活躍した藤原経平・藤原通俊以後衰退していった。
Although the second son and the adopted son of Saneyori, Kanpaku Daijo-daijin (Chief Adviser to the Emperor and Grand Minister) FUJIWARA no Yoritada (aka. 'Rengiko') and Minister of Right FUJIWARA no Sanesuke (the son of FUJIWARA no Tadatoshi, the third son of Saneyori), respectively, became Daijin (ministers), the descendants of Saneyori were gradually sidelined because the Kujo line, descendants of Morosuke, was authorized as a legitimate line of Sekke (line of regents), and Saneyori's descendants, after the reign of FUJIWARA no Tsunehira and FUJIWARA no Michitoshi, who flourished as heavyweights of the Retired Emperor Shirakawa, faded into obscurity.

こうしたとき「唐物目利」として活躍したのが、同朋衆の能阿弥、芸阿弥、相阿弥で、彼らによって書かれた『室町殿行幸御餝記』や『小河御所并東山殿御餝図』から、行幸のときや普段、御所がどう飾りつけられたか、が分かるが、会所を飾ったのは主に唐物であった。
Doboshu, Noami, Geiami, and Soami were active as the 'judges of Karamono' and wrote 'Muromachidono Gyokookazariki' and 'Ogawagosho hyohigashiyamadonookazariki' and described how gosho was decorated during gyoko or usually, but kaisho was mostly decorated with karamono.

しかし松本重太郎の企業者活動を通して、大阪紡績（現・東洋紡績）、南海鉄道（現・南海電気鉄道）、山陽鉄道（現・西日本旅客鉄道）、日本火災保険（現・日本火災海上保険）、大阪麦酒（現・アサヒビール）など、松本がつくった企業はいまなお活躍を続けている。
Through entrepreneurial activity of Jutaro MATSUMOTO, however, the companies established by MATSUMOTO such as Osaka Spinning (now, Toyobo Co., Ltd.), Nankai Railway (now, Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd.), Sanyo Railway (now, West Japan Railway Company), Japan Fire Insurance (now, Japan Fire and Marine Insurance), Osaka Beer (now, Asahi Breweries, Ltd.) and others have still been successful.

ただ、この時期に中央線快速や大阪環状線から転入した72系は、比較的後期の新製車や920代の全金属車が多く含まれていたほか、後に可部線で活躍するクモハ73001のような全金属改造車もあったことから、後の72系転属車に比べるとまだレベルが高かった。
As type 72 cars transferred from the Rapid service of the Chuo Line and the Osaka Loop Line at that time included many of the new cars, type 920 metal-made cars and a Kumoha type 73001 metal-made car later transferred to the Kabe Line, their quality level was relatively high compared with type 72 cars that were later transferred.

鎌倉後期の高倉家秘伝書『装束色々』では女性用の細長と産着の細長の仕様を別々に説明するが、同じ頃の河内方（源親行ら、主に鎌倉で活躍した源氏物語研究の家）の『源氏物語』の注釈の秘伝を集めた『原中最秘抄』ではすでに産衣細長と女性用の細長の混同が見られる。
While the Takakura family initiated a book, 'Various costume' of the late Kamakura period, specifications of Women's hosonaga and baby clothes hosonaga is explained differently, in the 'Genchu saihisho' (Secret notes on the Tale of Genji) which describes annotations on the tale, compiled by Kawachi side (the family of MINAMOTO no Chikayuki and others who worked actively on the research of 'Genji Monogatari' (the Tale of Genji) mainly in Kamakura) of the same age, there was already found a mixture of baby swaddling hosonaga and the female garment hosonaga.

大学頭東坊城任長の子、位階勲等子爵、貴族院議員東坊城徳長は、20歳にして製作会社「入江ぷろだくしょん」を設立した戦前の映画女優入江たか子（出生名東坊城英子、長女）、戦前の日活撮影所等で活躍した映画俳優・脚本家・映画監督の東坊城恭長（三男）兄妹の父、
Yoshinaga HIGASHIBOJO, a son of Tadanaga HIGASHIBOJO who was the Director of the Bureau of Education, a Viscount, and a member of the House of Lords, had a daughter, Takako IRIE (born Hideko HIGASHIBOJO, the eldest daughter) who was a prewar movie actress establishing a production company 'Irie Production' at the age of 20, and a son, Yasunaga HIGASHIBOJO (the third son) who was a movie actor, a scriptwriter, and a movie director working actively for the Nikkatsu Studio in the prewar period.

元治元年（1864年）6月5日 (旧暦)の池田屋事件で、討幕派数人を切り伏せ活躍したものの、直後に肺結核により喀血して倒れる（諸説あり）とされていたが、その後の新選組史において依然として活躍していることから、この日に肺結核が発症したとは考えにくい。
After the Ikedaya Incident of July 8, 1864, where he was involved in the killings of several members of the anti-Shogunate faction, he collapsed after coughing up blood from tuberculosis (according to many theories) but based on his subsequent involvement in the Shinsengumi, it is unreasonable to think that he developed lung tuberculosis on that day.

さらに高向玄理（たかむこうのくろまろ）とともに国博士（正式官制ではない諮問機関で天皇側近の政策ブレーン）に任じられ、「大化の改新の詔」をはじめとする諸詔勅・法令・制度等に大きくかかわり、649年（大化5年）には八省百官の制を創案をするなど活躍した。
He was subsequently assigned as Kokuhakase (political brain, an unofficial advisory body, a close aide to the Emperor and) along with TAKAMUKO no Kuromaro, playing a key role in developing various Imperial proclamations, ordinances, and systems including the 'Proclamation of Taika Era Reforms' and Hassho hyakkan no sei (Eight-ministry Hundred-kan system) in 649.

また、大坂の陣においても徳川方として武功を挙げ、大坂城修築工事や高野山大塔造営奉行などで活躍したが、寛永14年（1637年）に嗣子なくして死去し、ここに本多氏は断絶し、しばらくは桑山一玄（大和新庄藩）と小出吉親（丹波国園部藩）による城番時代が続いた。
Although he rendered distinguished service at the Tokugawa side in the Siege of Osaka, as well as made efforts in the repair work of Osaka-jo Castle and served as Zoei Bugyo (an official in charge of building temples and shrines) for Daito (a pagoda that according to Shingon doctrine represents the central point of a mandala) of Mt. Koya, he died in 1637 without leaving an heir, which resulted in termination of the family line of Honda clan, and for a while afterwards, Kazuharu KUWAYAMA (Yamato Shinjo Domain) and Yoshichika KOIDE (Sonobe Domain in Tanba Province) were placed as Joban (a castle guard).

そして天正11年（1583年）、賤ヶ岳の戦いで武則は佐久間盛政配下の宿屋七左衛門という武士を討ち取るなどして活躍し、福島正則や加藤清正らと共に賤ヶ岳の七本槍の一人に数えられ、その戦功により播磨国に二千石、河内国に一千石など合わせて三千石余を拝領する。
During the 1583 battle of Shizugatake, Takenori took an active role in the arrest of a subordinate of Morimasa SAKUMA, the samurai Shichizaemon YADOYA; Takenori is included among Masanori FUKUSHIMA, Kiyomasa KATO and others as one of the 'seven lancers of Shizugatake'; due to his valor in battle, he was awarded 2,000 koku of land in Harima Province and 1,000 koku in Kawachi Province, representing a combined grant exceeding 3,000 koku of land.

ほかの歌舞伎役者には、二代目實川延若 (2代目)・十一代目片岡仁左衛門 (11代目)・二代目中村梅玉 (2代目)・三代目中村雀右衛門 (3代目)・二代目尾上卯三郎 (2代目)・三代目尾上多見蔵 (3代目)・嵐巌笑・四代目嵐璃寛 (4代目)などが活躍した。
Other actors who flourished in Kabuki roles included Enjaku JITSUKAWA II (nidaime), Nizaemon KATAOKA XI (juichidaime), Baigyoku NAKAMURA II (nidaime), Jakuemon NAKAMURA III (sandaime), Usaburo ONOE II (nidaime), Tamizo ONOE III (sandaime), Gansho ARASHI and Rikan ARASHI IV (yondaime).

戦前には娯楽が少ない中で映画がその中心を占め、活動弁士もその状況に応じて活躍するようになり、西村楽天、徳川夢声、大蔵貢、生駒雷遊、國井紫香、静田錦波、谷天郎、山野一郎、牧野周一、伍東宏郎、泉詩郎、里見義郎、松田春翠、大辻司郎のような人気弁士も現れるようになった。
With few forms of entertainment available before World War Ⅱ, movies played a central role, so katsudo benshi became active and some popular ones emerged including Rakuten NISHIMURA, Musei TOKUGAWA, Mitsugu OKURA, Raiyu IKOMA, Shiko KUNII, Kinpa SHIZUTA, Tenro TANI, Ichiro YAMANO, Shuichi MAKINO, Koro GOTO, Shiro IZUMI, Yoshiro SATOMI, Shunsui MATSUDA, and Shiro OTSUJI.

昭和5年（1930年）の縦型精米機の登場によって、一時は飛躍的な発展の可能性がかいまみえた日本酒吟醸酒の技術に関しても、昭和13酒造年度（1938年-1939年）から精米歩合が65%以下に規制されて出鼻をくじかれ、本格的な発展にはなお三十年近い歳月を待つことになった。
Although the technique of ginjoshu seemed to be able to develop rapidly by the invention of vertical-type rice-milling machines in 1930, it could not be fully developed for almost 30 years, damaged by the regulation of the rice-polishing ratio which was under 65 percent in the Showa 13 brewing year (1938 to 1939).

しかし、法の執行が実行不可能なことから、その法を採用した州のいくつかでは、その法律の名となった州も含めて、それは廃止されたのですが、それにもかかわらず、同様の法律をこの国でも制定させようと躍起になっている試みが始まっており、多くの自称博愛家たちがとても熱心に追求しています。
And though the impracticability of executing the law has caused its repeal in several of the States which had adopted it, including the one from which it derives its name, an attempt has notwithstanding been commenced, and is prosecuted with considerable zeal by many of the professed philanthropists, to agitate for a similar law in this country.

「第一次上田合戦」（真田信繁はこの戦いに参加した証拠が無く、上杉家に人質として入っていた可能性が高い）、「関ヶ原の戦い」の前哨戦である「第二次上田合戦」で、真田十勇士等の忍者軍団を使い大活躍し、その後「大坂の役」でも奮戦するが、大坂夏の陣で力尽き討死する。
He served outstandingly in 'the first battle of Ueda' (there is no evidence that Nobushige SANADA joined this battle, but it is likely that he was at the Uesugi family as a hostage) and in 'the second battle of Ueda,' which was a preliminary skirmish of 'the Battle of Sekigahara' leading ninja (professional spies in feudal Japan, highly trained in stealth and secrecy) armies, including Sanada Juyushi; he then fought hard in 'Osaka no Eki,' but was at the end of his physical life and died on the battlefield of Osaka Natsu no Jin.

和歌に優れ、和歌所開闔となり『新古今和歌集』の編纂事務にあたるとともに、自ら歌人として活躍し、「院後度百首」（）、「千五百番歌合」（）、「元久詩歌合」（）、「道助法親王五十首」（時期不明）、「洞院摂政百首」（頃）、「日吉社撰歌合」（）など各種歌合に出詠した。
An excellent waka poet, Ienaga was appointed as the Deputy Chief of the Office of Waka to be engaged in compilation of ''Shin Kokin Waka Shu' (New Collection of Ancients and Modern Poems), and he himself performed as a waka poet and participated in various poetry contests including 'Ingodo Hyakushu,' 'Sengohyaku ban Utaawase (One thousand and five hundreds Set of Poetry Match),' 'Genkyushi Utaawase,' 'Dojohoshinno Gojusshu' (unknown date), 'Toin Sessho Hyakushu,' and 'Hiyoshishasen Utaawase.'

その後も、安倍有世の子安倍有盛から安倍有季・安倍有宣と代々公卿に昇進し、本来は中級貴族であった安倍氏を堂上家の家格にまで躍進させ、16世紀の安倍有宣の代には勘解由小路家（旧賀茂氏）の断絶の機会を捉えてその後5代にわたって天文・暦の両道にかかわる職掌を独占した。
Thereafter, ABE no Arimori, the child of ABE no Ariyo, ABE no Arisue, as well as ABE no Arinobu, were made kugyo from generation to generation, eventually advancing the Abe clan that was originally middle class nobility to the status of Tosho-ke, and during the days of ABE no Arinobu in the 16th century, by seizing the opportunity presented when the Kadenokoji family (formerly the Kamo clan) was extinguished, the Abe clan became a monopoly in both arts of astronomy and calendar-making for over 5 generations.

最澄は帰国して朝廷からの信任を得るも、その翌年に真言密教のすべてを修めた空海が帰国し、すぐに朝廷から信任を受け活躍すると、最澄は自身が学んできた密教は一部の傍系のものでしかないことに気づき、空海に礼を尽くし自らの弟子共々、高雄山神護寺において空海の弟子となった。
Saicho gained the confidence of the Imperial Court, but when Kukai came back the next year with all the teachings of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism, he gained the confidence of the Imperial Court instantly, and played an active role, and Saicho realized that what he had learned was only a part of Esoteric Buddhism, and made great courtesy to Kukai, and became Kukai's disciple at Jingo-ji Temple on Mt. Takao with other disciples of his own.

高郷の子の蒲生定秀は六角氏の宿老として活躍するが、蒲生賢秀の代に六角氏が織田氏に滅ぼされると、蒲生氏は織田氏に属し、賢秀の子である蒲生氏郷が織田信長の娘婿に迎えられるなど重用されたため、織田政権とそれを継承した豊臣政権において蒲生氏は大大名として大きく躍進した。
Takasato's son, Sadahide (定秀) GAMO served the Rokkaku clan as Syukuro (a chief vassal of a samurai family); however, during the period of Katahide GAMO, the Rokkaku clan was destroyed by the Oda clan; after that, the Gamo clan served the Oda clan and was given important status by the achievements and some occasion including the marriage between Katahide's son Ujisato GAMO and a daughter of Nobunaga ODA; therefore, the Gamo clan at last successfully became Daidaimyo (a feudal lord with a greater stipend) and played important roles during the period of the Oda government and the Toyotomi government.

家康は大坂方の諸将の中で最も活躍した信繁に脅威を覚え、大坂冬の陣の後には信繁の兄真田信之に命じて信濃一国40万石で彼を調略しようとしているが、この破格の条件に興味を微塵も見せず豊臣家への忠誠を最期まで貫き通している（一説には叔父真田信尹に命じて上田10万石とも）。
Ieyasu felt that Nobushige, who was most active among warlords on the Osaka side, was dangerous and ordered Nobushige's older brother Nobuyuki SANADA to persuade Nobushige to switch sides for 400,000 koku of Shinano Province, but he wasn't interested in this preferential condition at all and persisted in his loyalty to the Toyotomi family (according to one theory, Ieyasu ordered Nobushige's uncle Nobutada SANADA and offered 100,000 koku of Ueda).

葛飾北斎（葛飾北齋、かつしかほくさい。宝暦10年9月23日 (旧暦)?〈1760年10月31日?〉 - 嘉永2年4月18日 (旧暦)〈1849年5月10日〉）は、日本の近世にあたる江戸時代に活躍した浮世絵であり、とりわけ後期、文化 (元号)・文政の頃（化政文化）を代表する一人。
Hokusai KATSUSHIKA (c. October 31, 1760 - May 10, 1849) was a painter of Ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints) who flourished in the Edo period, a recent time in Japan, and was a representative figure of the late Edo period, Bunka and Bunsei eras (Kasei culture).

しかし個々の恩賞は新羅の軍事力の中核であった中央貴族の私兵層へは与えられず、活躍した地方豪族や百済・高句麗から投降した官・将を積極的に取り立て、王の直接の支配の及ぶ軍事力の育成に努めたのは、武烈王の論功行賞に倣ったものであり、新羅の王権の拡大に寄与することとなった。
However, individual reward grants were not given to private soldiers of nobles in the capital although they worked as the core of the military forces of Silla, but powerful local clans who had distinguished services, as well as commanders and generals who surrendered from Baekje and Goguryeo, were treated favorably in order to foster the military forces under the direct control of the king, following the reward-oriented policy taken by King Muyeol, and this contributed to expansion of the sovereignty of Silla.

、足利方が南朝の後胤を探索し見つけ次第殺害したため、身の危険を避けるため額田郡牧平大門（愛知県岡崎市牧平町大門）に移住し、三種の神器を地下に埋蔵し、皇后・三浦佐久姫（建武の中興で活躍した富士大宮司家、三浦氏の嫡女）の姓を名乗り、三浦藤太夫と称し純然たる百姓となった。
Because the Ashikaga side searched for descendants of the Southern Court and killed them as soon as they found them, he moved to Makihira Daimon, Nukata district (present Daimon, Makihira-cho, Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture) because of fears for his security and buried the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family in the ground and took the family name of the Empress Saku-hime MIURA (legitimate daughter of the Miura clan of the Fuji Daiguji family who played an active part in Kenmu Restoration) and called himself Todayu MIURA and became a simple peasant.

この戦いで重盛は「年号は平治、都は平安、我らは平氏、三つ同じ（平）だ、ならば敵を平らげよう」と味方の士気を鼓舞し、源義平と御所の右近の橘・左近の桜の間で激戦を繰り広げ、堀河の合戦では馬を射られながらも材木の上に立ち上がって新たな馬に乗り換えるなど獅子奮迅の活躍をする。
Shigemori raised the morale of the members of his army saying that 'we are in the era of Heiji, the capital is Heian, and we are the Taira clan, all having the same character (the character can be read as both Hei and Taira), and so we shall flatten (also the same character as Hei/Taira) our enemy out,' and he engaged in fierce battles against MINAMOTO no Yoshihira, between mandarin orange trees of the Ukon and cherry trees of the Sakon at the Imperial Palace, and then he performed heroically in the Battle of Horikawa with irresistible force as he - after losing his own horse to a volley of arrows - stood up on logs and then climbed upon a new horse.

俵屋宗達は慶長から寛永にかけて活躍した絵師で、光悦の芸術村での独特の表現と技術を凝らした画風がのちに宮廷に認められ、狩野派など一流画壇の絵師たちと並んで仕事を請け負うようになり、町の絵師の出身としては異例の「法橋」に叙任され、今日に残るふすま絵や屏風絵の名作を描いている。
Sotatsu TAWARAYA was a painter who flourished from 1596 to 1643, and his own expression and style of painting with elaborate skills in the art village of Koetsu were later recognized by the Imperial Court, and consequently, he, together with the painters of a painting circle of the first rank such as the Kano school, received a contract for painting work and drew existing fusuma paintings and paintings for folding screens, and was appointed to 'hokyo' (a title for craftsmen including painters and persons of profession such as physicians) exceptionally as a painter who grew up among the townspeople.

嶋の次に左大臣に出世した石上麻呂も、平城京遷都においては藤原京の留守役を押し付けられる等天武朝から活躍していた老臣達は次々と姿を消し、藤原不比等が藤原氏最初の黄金時代を築く事となる（なお、息子の池守は長屋王の変では不比等の息子達である藤原四兄弟と組んで、王を排斥している）。
Roshins (main retainers) who had been active since Tenmu dynasty left one after another, for example, ISONOKAMI no Maro who promoted to Sadaijin following Shima was also pushed into the proxy governor of Fujiwara-kyo (the Imperial capital of Japan for sixteen years between 694 and 710) in transferring of the national capital to Heijo, and FUJIWARA no Fuhito built the first golden age of the Fujiwara clan (In Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao), his son, Ikemori aligned with Fujiwara four brothers who were the sons of Fuhito to reject Nagayao.)

派生氏族は公家ばかりではなく、藤原道兼宇都宮氏・小田氏、藤原長家那須氏、勧修寺流上杉氏、藤原山蔭伊達氏、藤原利仁斎藤氏・加藤氏、藤原秀郷奥州藤原氏・足利氏 (藤原氏)・小山氏・結城氏・佐野氏・小野崎氏など、主に関東・北陸・東北を中心に活躍した多数の武家が藤原北家の末裔と称した。
The derivative clan was not merely limited to court nobility but also included a large number of samurai families that had influence mainly in Kanto, Hokuriku and Tohoku, claiming to be descended from the Northern House--such as the FUJIWARA no Michikane-Utsunomiya clan, the Oda clan, the FUJIWARA no Nagaie-Nasu clan, the Uesugi clan of the Kajuji group, the Fujiwara-Yamakage-Date clan, the FUJIWARA no Toshihito-Saito clan, the Kato clan, the FUJIWARA no Hidesato-Oshu Fujiwara clan, the Ashikaga clan (the Fujiwara clan), the Oyama clan, the Yuki clan, the Sano clan and the Onosaki clan.

19世紀から幕末期にかけて、「兼ねる」役者と呼ばれた万能選手の名人三代目中村歌右衛門や片岡仁左衛門 (7代目)・八代目の片岡仁左衛門 (8代目)、二代目嵐吉三郎（のちの初代嵐璃寛 (初代)）、ケレン芸で売り出した二代目尾上多見蔵、和事芸の名人二代目実川額十郎などの名優が活躍した。
From the 19th century to the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, famous actors such as Utaemon NAKAMURA III, who was called 'kaneru (to serve concurrently)' and an all-round excellent actor, Nizaemon KATAOKA (nanadaime), Nizaemon KATAOKA VIII (hachidaime), Kichizaburo ARASHI II (later, Rikan ARASHI I (shodai), Tamizo ONOE II, who was famous for keren performances and Gakujuro JITSUKAWA II, who was good at wagoto performances, all played an active role.

十二御前と云ふ所は、天正十三乙酉年三月十五日(二十五日の誤り)、薄葉ヶ原合戦の際、山田城主山田筑後守辰業の正室(菊の前)侍女と、此所迄逃落て進退谷(きわ)まりし故に、断崖絶壁の頂上より、主従十二人手に手を握合ふて、身を跳躍して、箒川の深渕に投身自殺を行ふた戦争秘話の遺跡なり・・・
The place called Juni Gozen is the site of the Battle of Usubagahara where Kikunomae, the lawful wife of Chikugo no kami Tokinari YAMADA, the lord of Yamada-jo Castle, and her lady attendants escaped from the pursuers and got stuck at the bluff and leaped hand in hand into the depth of Hoki-gawa River on the 15th day (error for 25th) of the 3rd month of the 13th year of the Tensho era (corresponds to April 24, 1585).

『徒然草』において、重明親王が元良親王の元日の奏賀の声が太極殿から鳥羽作道まで響いたことを書き残した故事について記されているため、両親王が活躍していた10世紀前半には存在していたとされる（ただし、吉田兼好が見たとされる重明親王による元の文章が残っていないために疑問視する意見もある）。
Since 'Tsurezure gusa' (Essays in Idleness) shows about a historical event that Imperial Prince Shigeakira wrote down that the voice of Imperial Prince Motoyoshi making a ceremonial speech on the morning of the new year was heard from Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) to Toba no Tsukurimichi, it was considered that the road existed in the early 10th century when the two Imperial princes were active (however, there are opinions that questions this, as the original writings of Imperial Prince Shigeakira which Kenko YOSHIDA is supposed to have seen do not exist).

その後の源義経と後白河法皇による源頼朝追討院宣には慎重な姿勢を示したので、義経亡命後、源頼朝の推挙で議奏公卿十人の一人に押され、文治2年（1186年）10月には右大臣、文治5年（1189年）7月に左大臣となり、世に後徳大寺左大臣と称されて、九条兼実の片腕として朝幕関係の取り次ぎに活躍した。
Thereafter, he showed prudence and caution in how he responded to the Imperial decree to hunt down and destroy MINAMOTO no Yoritomo requested by MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune and issued by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, so that even after Yoshitsune fled the capital, upon Yoritomo's recommendation he was pressed into service as one member of his ten-man council of nobles; in the tenth month of 1186 he was made Udaijin (Minister of the Right), and then in the seventh month of 1189 he ascended to Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), thereafter becoming popularly known as 'Tokudaiji Sadaijin,' and working as Kanezane KUJO's right-hand man to facilitate relations between the court and the shogunate.

通常鎌倉期のそれを前期、南北朝期以降のそれを後期と呼んで区分しているが、前期京極派においては京極為兼、伏見院、久明親王、西園寺しょう子、藤原為子（従三位為子）、冷泉為相（娘が持明院統の久明親王に嫁す）らが主要な歌人として活躍し、十三番目の勅撰集『玉葉和歌集』（伏見院下命、為兼撰）が編まれた。
In general, the history of the Kyogoku school is broken into two periods, with the school during the Kamakura period dubbed the early period and all its history from the Northern and Southern Court period onwards being called the late period; its principal active poets included Tamekane KYOGOKU, Emperor Fushimi, Imperial Prince Hisaaki, Shoshi SAIONJI, Tameshi FUJIWARA (also known as Tameshi of Junior Third Rank), and Tamesuke REIZEI (whose daughter married Imperial Prince Hisaaki of the Jimyoin lineage), and Tamekane was also chosen (by order of Emperor Fushimi) to compile the 13th Imperial waka anthology, 'Gyokuyo wakashu' (the Jeweled Leaves Collection).

その後、応徳3年（1086年）に頼俊が延久蝦夷合戦での恩賞を求めて記したとされる前陸奥守源頼俊申文写には「前陸奥守従五位上源朝臣頼俊誠惶誠恐謹言、…依　綸旨召進武蔵国住人平常家、伊豆国●●●散位惟房朝臣、条条之勤不恥先蹤者也…」と記してあり、延久蝦夷合戦において豊島常家らの活躍も記している。
In the moshibumi utsushi (copy of general term for a request or petition submitted by a lower authority to a higher) by the former Mutsu no kami MINAMOTO no Yoritoshi, which they say he wrote to request reward in the Battle against Ezo in the Enkyu era, there is a description '前陸奥守従五位上源朝臣頼俊誠惶誠恐謹言、…依　綸旨召進武蔵国住人平常家、伊豆国●●●散位惟房朝臣、条条之勤不恥先蹤者也…,' as well as description of great success of Tsuneie TOYOSHIMA in the Battle against Ezo in the Enkyu era.

吟醸酒の実現には酵母のみならず、精米技術の向上など多方面の研究を待たなければならなかったが、やがて1970年代には、日本酒醪（もろみ）造りの工程における温度管理の技術が飛躍的に発達し、協会系酵母協会7号や協会系酵母協会9号などの新しい酵母が実用化され、日本酒吟醸酒・純米吟醸酒などが出荷されはじめた。
In order to produce ginjo-shu, improvements in various fields such as rice polishing and other technologies in addition to yeasts are required, and then in the 1970's, a breakthrough in temperature control technology in the Nihonshu moromi-zukuri (preparation of final mash) process and realization of new yeasts such as Sake yeast kyokai No.7 and Sake yeast kyokai No.9 enabled brewers to produce Nihonshu ginjo-shu and junmai (sake brewed with only rice, water, and koji without additives) ginjo-shu.

弘和/永徳・元中/至徳 (日本)年間に入ると、南朝は動乱初期からその支えとして活躍してきた懐良親王、北畠顕能、宗良親王の相次ぐ死と、対北朝強硬路線を通していた長慶天皇の譲位により、衰退を極める事となったが、明徳年間の足利義満による相次ぐ有力守護大名勢力削減により、北朝に抵抗する術を殆ど失うようになる。
But having reached the period of the Kowa/Entoku and Genchu/Shitoku eras, Imperial Prince Kaneyoshi, Akiyoshi KITABATAKE, and Imperial Prince Muneyoshi, who had been fighting for the Southern Court from the early days of their anti-shogunal struggle, and had been the Southern Court's main support, died one after the other, and when Emperor Chokei--who had been such a stalwart opponent of the Northern Court--abdicated, the Southern Court entered a period of extreme decline; during the Meitoku period, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA was able to greatly reduce the power and influence of the strongest shugo daimyo one after another, until almost all means to resist the Northern Court had been lost.

この「森」俳句会では、定型（五七五）を守る、季語を詠み込むといった俳句の基本を踏まえた上で、「誓子の教え」として①二物衝撃の方法（「物」と「物」を詠み込んで、読者に喜怒哀楽を感じさせる）②モンタージュの技法（動きのある様子を詠む）③連続飛躍法（「物」から関連するものを連想させる）ということを学んでいる。
This 'Mori' Haiku-kai, based on the fundamentals of haiku such as keeping 5-7-5 syllabic form including season words, learns followings as 'teaching of Seishi': 1. Two objects' impact technique (making readers feel emotions by writing of two objects), 2. Montage technique (writing active aspects) and 3. Continuous flight technique (associating an 'object' with a related thing).

この他文禄の役では目付として朝鮮に渡海しており、文禄元年（1592年）には新庄直忠らとともに朝鮮人逃亡流民の帰郷を促す訓令を発布するほか、同年に第一次、翌文禄2年（1593年）には第二次晋州城攻防戦に参加するなどして活躍し、文禄4年（1595年）8月に六千石加増され、播磨加古川城主（12000石）になる。
Moreover, during the Bunroku campaigns he was an overseer who went to Korea; in 1592, in company with Naotada SHINJO and others, he issued instructions urging Korean refugees to return home; in the same and subsequent year (1593) he participated in the first and second Jinju Castle battles and, in August 1595, was granted an additional 6,000 koku of land and became the owner of Harima Kakogawajo Castle (12,000 koku).

「躍り」とは言わず「舞」とする点を見てもわかるように、極度に硬い描線と身体の緊張を核として簡素な動きのなかに豊富なイメージを描き出そうとする舞であり、初代井上八千代が近衛家、一条家や仙洞御所づとめの折に能に示唆を得て貴顕の前に披露しても恥ずかしくない舞踊を作ったという口伝をそのままに体現した舞踊であるといえる。
As the use of the word 'mai' instead of 'odori' suggests in Japanese, the dance is characterized by extremely rigid movements and tension of the body, yet creating rich images with simple motions; inspired by Noh dances when she worked for the Konoe Family, Ichijo Family, and the Sento Imperial Palace, the founder of this dance, Yachiyo INOUE, created a dance that was presentable in front of distinguished persons, and its teaching has been passed down by word of mouth ever since.

（彼女にとって）長男田村皇子の有力生年から、彼女自身には伝わる事績は多いとはいえないが、崇仏や王位継承などを巡って対立した蘇我・物部両氏の二頭体制から、厩戸皇子が活躍したとされている推古朝、彼亡き後深まった蘇我氏の専横、大化の改新、対外戦争等と数多くの事件を見ながら当時としてはかなりの長寿を全うしたと思われる。
She does not have numerous exploits to her credit but judging from the most convincing theory about the year of the birth of her son, the Prince Tamura, she seems to have lived a long life in those days going through various incidents, such as the diarchy system of the Soga clan and the Mononobe clan, which conflicted each other on the Buddha worship and the succession to the throne, the reign of the Empress Suiko, during which the Prince Umayado seemingly wielded great power, the despotism of the Soga clan which enforced after the demise of the Prince, the Taika Reforms, and the wars against other countries.

三浦らは、ヨーロッパの中世が、ゲルマン民族の大移動によって辺境で発生した「武装した封建領主」である騎士によって支えられていたことに着目し、日本で平安時代中期から東国を中心とした辺境社会で活躍した武士を騎士と同じ「武装した封建領主」と位置づけ、アジアで唯一日本にも中世が存在したことを「発見」し、日本は近代化できると主張した。
MIURA and so on noted that medieval Europe was supported by the knights who were 'armed suzerain' emerging on the frontier by the Great Barbarian Invasion of Germanic peoples, positioned the bushi, who flourished in the frontier society centering on Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) from the middle of Heian period in Japan, as 'armed suzerain' who were the same as the knights, 'discovered' that there also existed medieval times in Japan, which was the only country in Asia, and insisted that Japan could be modernized.

また、特に八代目市川雷蔵については、その後の映画界での大活躍を鑑みた場合、歌舞伎界との血縁の薄さ、当初の養父が脇役役者という境遇ゆえに、歌舞伎界がその才能を伸ばす事ができず映画界へと流出させてしまった事が、興行という意味において当時の歌舞伎と映画は競合する関係にあった以上、関西歌舞伎にとっては後年さらに大きな痛手となってゆく。
With respect to Raizo ICHIKAWA VIII in particular, considering his later achievements in the movie industry, the fact that the kabuki world would not develop his talent and let him move to the film industry because of his weak blood relationship with the kabuki world and the fact his initial foster father was a supporting player resulted in major damage to Kansai Kabuki, in the sense of kabuki's performance as a business, because kabuki at that time was competing with films.

もともと公武合体派とはいっても、天皇のもとに賢侯を集めての中央集権をめざす薩摩の思惑と将軍中心の中央集権をめざす幕府の思惑は違っていたが、薩英戦争で活躍した旧精忠組の発言力の増大と守旧派の失脚を背景に、薩摩流の公武周旋をやり直そうとした久光にとっては、京大坂での薩摩藩の世評の悪化と公武周旋に動く人材の不足が最大の問題であった。
It was even called the supporter of the coalition of court nobles and Samurai originally, but it was different from the thought of Satsuma which centralized power by gathering sages to the Emperor, and Hidemitsu, who tried to reorganize the procurement of court nobles and Samurai in the style of Satsuma used as background the increasingly influential voice of the former Seichu-gumi organization, which worked well at the Satsuei War and during the downfall of the old-guard cronies, but the biggest problems were the bad reputation of Satsuma domain, and being short of people who could work to procure court nobles and Samurai.

11歳で地歌「屋島」に箏の手を付けるなど幼少より楽才秀で、1852年（嘉永5年）には藩の命で尾張の盲人支配頭となり、五人扶持を賜り、尾張徳川家の諸行事での演奏、例えば先祖供養の際の平曲演奏や、雛の節句での胡弓の演奏などを勤めたのをはじめ、松坂屋（現松坂屋百貨店）の当主の婚礼祝いの曲を作ったりと、名古屋の名士音楽家として活躍した。
Yoshizawa excelled in music from an early age, adding a koto part to the jiuta 'Yashima' at the age of eleven; in 1852, he was given responsibility for visually impaired people in Owari (present-day Aichi Prefecture) by the domain, with a stipend for five persons, and became a celebrated musician in Nagoya, performing at various occasions for the Owari Tokugawa family, including playing Heikyoku at memorial services for their ancestors, playing the kokyu at the Dolls' Festival, and composing a song for the marriage ceremony of the head of the family that owned Matsuzakaya (present-day Matsuzakaya Department Stores).

1930年代前半に誕生し、一時期は発展の可能性がかいまみられながらも、戦中戦後の窮乏のなかでそれが棚上げのかたちとなっていた吟醸酒も、1970年代には、醪（もろみ）造りの工程における温度管理の技術が飛躍的に発達し、また協会系酵母協会7号や協会系酵母協会9号などの吟醸香を出す新しい酵母が実用化され、ようやく少量ずつ市場へ出荷されるようになった。
The ginjoshu which appeared in the early 1930s but was interrupted because of the shortage of materials although it could have been more developed, gradually came to be sold in markets in small amounts in the 1970s, since the technique of temperature control in the process of making moromi was rapidly developed and the new yeasts with aroma of ginjo, such as the seventh and the ninth yeasts of the Brewing Society were put into practical use.

すると陰陽寮の「正式な陰陽師」においてもこの風潮に流される者が続出し、そのふるまいは本来律令の定める職掌からはるかにかけ離れ、方位や星巡りの吉凶を恣意的に吹き込むことによって天皇・皇族や、公卿・公家諸家の私生活における行動管理にまで入り込み、朝廷中核の精神世界を支配し始めて、次第に官制に基づく正規業務を越えて政権の闇で暗躍するようになっていった。
As a result, a steady stream of the 'official onmyoji' in Onmyoryo subsequently began to go along with the flow of the times and their actions were far from their duties as prescribed by the original ritsuryo and by arbitrarily indoctrinating lucky and unlucky directions or aspects of stars, they intruded into controlling private activities of the Emperor/Royal family and kugyo/kuge (court noble) and started to manage the inner space of the nerve center of the Imperial Court, working behind the scenes in the shadow of the administration going beyond the normal duties based on the official system.

後期京極派においては、永福門院、花園天皇、光厳院らが主要な歌人として活躍し、十七番目の勅撰集『風雅和歌集』（花園院下命、光厳院親撰）が編まれたが、観応の擾乱によって光厳院ら持明院統の要人が南朝側に監禁された結果、持明院統宮廷が大きな打撃を受け、そして光厳院が監禁されている間に持明院統を継いだ後光厳院が二条派を重んじたため、思わしい後嗣を得ないままに断絶した。
In the later period of the Kyogoku school's history, Shoshi SAIONJI (also known by her Buddhist name, Eifukumonin), Emperor Hanazono, and Emperor Kogon were its principal active poets, and Kogon (by order of Emperor Hanazono) was selected to compile the 17th Imperial waka anthology, 'Fuga wakashu' (Collected Elegant Waka), but during the Kanno Disturbance, the most important members of the Jimyoin lineage imperial court such as Emperor Kogon were put under confinement by Southern Court forces, and as a result the Jimyoin lineage imperial court suffered a major blow to its power and prestige, and while Emperor Kogon was still under house arrest, Emperor Gokogon, the successor to both the Jimyoin lineage and to the poetic traditions of the Kyogoku school, switched his allegiance to the Nijo school, leaving the Kyogoku school facing extinction, without a suitable successor.

陰陽道世襲2家のうち、南北朝期に賀茂氏が通名とするようになった勘解由小路家（居宅が勘解由小路にあったことから室町時代に賀茂氏が名乗るようになったもので、藤原北家日野家流や斯波氏流の勘解由小路家とは異なる）を名乗った賀茂氏の勢力は徐々に凋落し、賀茂在方が「暦林問答集」を著すなど活躍したものの、室町時代中期には勘解由小路得宗家の後継者が殺害されて家系断絶に至った。
Of the 2 families that passed down Onmyodo by succession, the Kadenokoji family that the Kamo family became commonly known as in the Nanbokucho Period (in the Muromachi Period, since their residence was located on Kadenokoji Street, the Kamo clan began to call themselves by this name, but it was different from the Kadenokoji family of the Fujiwara hokke Hino family line or the Shiba clan line) gradually lost their power and, even though KAMO no Arikata wrote 'Rekirinmondoshu' and flourished, the family line ceased to exist when the heir to the main branch of the Kadenokoji family was killed in the mid Muromachi Period.

南北朝時代 (日本)になると、信濃小笠原氏は北朝 (日本)に属し、桔梗ヶ原の戦いで南朝 (日本)の宗良親王を破り吉野へ駆逐した戦功で、室町時代には一族が幕府の奉公衆や信濃の守護となり活躍したが、小笠原長秀が大塔合戦での敗北で守護職を罷免されるなど村上氏や諏訪氏などの有力国人の統制がうまくいかず、上杉氏や斯波氏に守護職を奪われ、強力な統治体制を整えることが出来なかった。
n the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the Shinano Ogasawara clan belonging to the Northern Court (Japan) defeated Imperial Prince Muneyoshi of the Southern Court (Japan) at the Battle of Kikyogahara and drove out in Yoshino, by which the clan played active role as hokoshu (the shogunal military guard) and Shinano shugo in the Muromachi period, however, because of out-of-control powerful local lords (kokujin) such as the Murakami clan and the Suwa clan, Nagahide OGASAWARA was defeated at the Battle of Oto and therefore the position of shugoshiki (provincial constable) was superseded by the Uesugi clan and the Shiba clan, and it couldn't lay out a strong controlling system.

京都黒谷金戒光明寺の会津墓地にある柴司の墓碑銘には、上記の続柄や事件の経緯とともに「言い伝えによれば、死ぬことが難しいのではなく、立派な態度で死に臨むことが難しいという。柴司などは、本当に立派な態度で死を迎えた者だというべきだろう」、「もし柴司が6月12日に死ぬことなく、禁門の変に参戦していたなら、どれだけ活躍したであろうか。これはとても残念なことである」とその死を惜しまれている。
The passage in the epitaph of the grave of Tsukasa SHIBA in the graveyard for Aizu clan in Kinkaikomyo-ji Temple in Kurotani in Kyoto, regrets his death as saying, together with the record of his family and the details of the incidents as above, that 'according to a tradition, it is not difficult for one to die but it is difficult to face his/her own death with a resolute attitude. It should be said that each person including Tsukasa SHIBA faced his/her own death and died with a really resolute attitude' and that 'if Tsukasa SHIBA did not die on July 15 and participated in Kinmon Coup, what an important role he would play in it! This is very regrettable.'

1956年、東映京都撮影所に移籍し、白塗りのスターが活躍するのが主流だった時代に、あえて主要キャストがノーメイクで出演する『風と女と旅鴉』、長谷川伸の名作を甦らせた『瞼の母』、そしてミュージカルやSF、リアルタイムの時代批判などさまざまな要素を詰め込んで「東映時代劇のヌーヴェルヴァーグ」と絶賛された異色作『真田風雲録』など、東映の看板スターだった萬屋錦之介と組んで数々の傑作を監督する。
In 1956 he moved to Toei Kyoto Movie Studios, directing many masterpieces featuring Toei star Kinnosuke YOROZUYA, such as 'Kaze to onna to tabigarasu' (The Wind, a Woman and a Traveling Crow), in which the main characters daringly appeared with no makeup on in an age when stars generally wore white Shironuri makeup; 'Mabuta no haha' (Mother of My Dreams), a reworking of Shin HASEGAWA's novel; and the unique 'Sanada fuunroku' (Tale of the Sanada Family), a highly regarded example of the 'New Wave of Toei Jidaigeki,' which encompassed musicals, science fiction and social criticism.

岡本のオリジナルシナリオによる、日中戦争最中の中国大陸に西部劇や推理劇の要素を取り入れた5作目『独立愚連隊』（1959年）で、一躍若手監督の有望格として注目を浴び、以降、『独立愚連隊西へ』（1960年）、『江分利満氏の優雅な生活』（1963年）、『ああ爆弾』（1964年）、『侍 (映画)』（1965年）、『日本のいちばん長い日』（1967年）、『肉弾 (映画)』（1968年）など、幅広い分野の作品を監督。
He garnered attention in one bound as a promising young director by his fifth film 'Dokuritsu Gurentai' (Desperado Outpost), which incorporated the elements of cowboy pictures and mysteries into a scene of Mainland China during the middle of the Sino-Japanese War, and since then, he directed pictures with a wide range of genres such as: 'Westward Desperado (undefined)/ Westward Independent Gangsters (literal title)' (1960), 'The Elegant Life of Mr. Everyman' (International: English title) (1963), 'Aa bakudan' (1964), 'Samurai Assassin' (1965), 'Japan's Longest Day' (1967), and 'Human Bullet' (1968).

巻1では、日本に儒教が伝来したと当時考えられていた神功皇后期から、徐福・王仁・聖徳太子・粟田真人・吉備真備・菅原道真・義堂周信ら、古代から室町時代における五山文化興隆期を扱い、巻2では、五山文化から薩摩国の儒教文化を興隆させた桂庵玄樹の登場までを扱い、巻3では薩南学派の発展に尽した島津忠良や南浦文之の活躍や江戸時代初期の儒学を扱い、巻4では薩南学派の総本山とされた正龍寺 (指宿市)の歴史や元禄・享保以後の薩摩藩の儒教史を扱っているが未完である。
Volume 1 deals with the history of Confucianism in Japan from the ancient times to the prosperity stage of Gozan Bunka (culture of the Five Official Temples between the end of the Kamakura Period and the Muromachi Period) such as the age of Empress Jingu which was thought in the author's day to be the time when Confucianism was introduced to Japan, then Jofuku, Wani (Wang In), Prince Shotoku, AWATA no Mahito, KIBI no Makibi, SUGAWARA no Michizane and Shushin Gido, Volume 2 deals with the period from Gozan Bunka to the appearance of Genju KEIAN who brought prosperity to the culture of Confucianism in Satsuma domain, Volume 3 deals with the activity of Tadayoshi SHIMAZU and Bunshi NANPO who tried to develop Satsunangaku school (school of Neo-Confucianism in Satsuma) and Confucianism in early Edo period, and Volume 4 deals with the history of Shoryu-ji Temple (in current Ibusuki City) which was the center of Satsunangaku school and the history of Confucianism in Satsuma domain after the Genroku and the Kyoho Era, but this volume is unfinished.

山電も山陽電気鉄道820・850形電車といった元特急車のほか、2扉の特急車と3扉の通勤車が投入された山陽電気鉄道2000系電車、一部木造車が残っていた山陽電気鉄道100形電車を更新した山陽電気鉄道250形電車、山陽電気鉄道270形電車、流線型の山陽電気鉄道200形電車小型車を更新した山陽電気鉄道300形電車、広軌63系として有名な山陽電気鉄道700形電車を更新した山陽電気鉄道2700系電車と700系全金属改造車、そして現在も活躍する山陽電気鉄道3000系電車が運用されていた。
Sanyo Railway was using, in addition to Sanyo 820/850 series cars that were previously used for super-express trains, Sanden 2000 series cars including two-door cars for super-express and three-door cars for commuting trains, Sanden 250 series cars that were converted from Sanden 100 series wooden cars, Sanden 250 series cars, Sanden 270 series cars, Sanden 300 series cars that were converted from streamline-shaped small-size cars of Sanden 200 series cars, Sanden 2700 series cars that were converted from Sanden 700 series cars famous for broad-gauge 63 type, 700 type metal-made cars and Sanden 3000 series cars that are being used even at present.

なぜ OpenStreetMap なのか? OSM はすべてのデータが、あなたのような人々の手でいつも更新・編集される地図作成サービスです。明らかなメリットは、自由かつ無料で使用できる点です。でも、それだけにとどまらず、震災時のマッピングにも活躍するのです。 (例：OSM を東日本大震災の救援活動に使用した sinsai.info や、ハイチ大震災の救援活動のように)。このデータの正確さは非常に重要です。そして、あなたがボランティアとして少しの時間を活動に当ててくれることを希望しています!
Why OpenStreetMap? OSM is a mapping service in which all data is constantly updated and edited by everyday people like you. The obvious benefit is that it's free to use, but it has also become a major player in crisis mapping (e.g. use of OSM data to coordinate earthquake relief efforts in Haiti). Accuracy of this data is critical, and we hope you are able to volunteer some of your time!

ウイルス（ワクチンを除く。）であって、アフリカ馬疫ウイルス、アフリカ豚コレラウイルス、エボラウイルス、黄熱ウイルス、オーエスキー病ウイルス、オムスク出血熱ウイルス、オロポーチウイルス、キャサヌール森林病ウイルス、牛疫ウイルス、狂犬病ウイルス、クリミアーコンゴ出血熱ウイルス、口蹄疫ウイルス、サル痘ウイルス、小反芻獣疫ウイルス、水胞性口炎ウイルス、西部ウマ脳炎ウイルス、セントルイス脳炎ウイルス、ダニ媒介性脳炎ウイルス、チクングニヤウイルス、跳躍病ウイルス、テッシェン病ウイルス、デング熱ウイルス、痘瘡ウイルス、東部ウマ脳炎ウイルス、トリインフルエンザウイルス（Ｈ五又はＨ七のＨ抗原を有するものに限る。）、豚コレラウイルス、ニパウイルス、日本脳炎ウイルス、ニューカッスル病ウイルス、肺及び腎症候性出血熱ウイルス、ハンターンウイルス、ブタエンテロウイルス九型、フニンウイルス、ブルータングウイルス、ベネズエラウマ脳炎ウイルス、ヘンドラウイルス、ポテト・アンデアン・ラテント・チモウイルス、ポテト・スピンドル・チュバー・ウィロイド、ホワイトポックスウイルス、ポワッサンウイルス、マチュポウイルス、マールブルグウイルス、マレー渓谷脳炎ウイルス、南アメリカ出血熱、ヤギ痘ウイルス、羊痘ウイルス、ラッサ熱ウイルス、ランピースキン病ウイルス、リフトバレー熱ウイルス、リンパ球性脈絡髄膜炎ウイルス又はロシオウイルス
Viruses (excluding vaccines): the African horse sickness virus, the African swine fever virus, the Ebola virus, the yellow fever virus, Aujeszky's disease virus, the Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, the Oropouche virus, the Kyasanur Forest disease virus, the cattle plague virus, the rabies virus, the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, the foot-and-mouth disease virus, the monkeypox virus, the peste des petits ruminants virus, the vesicular stomatitis virus, the western equine encephalitis virus, the Saint Louis encephalitis virus, the tick-borne encephalitis virus, the Chikungunya virus, the louping ill virus, the Teschen disease virus, the dengue fever virus, the smallpox virus, the eastern equine encephalitis virus, the avian influenza virus (limited to those having the H5 or H7 H antigen), the swine fever virus, the Nipah virus, the Japanese encephalitis virus, the Newcastle disease virus, the hemorrhagic fever virus with pulmonary and renal syndromes, the Hantaan virus, porcine enterovirus type 9, the Junin virus, the blue tongue virus, the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, the Hendra virus, the potato Andean latent tymovirus, the potato spindle tuber viroid, the white pox virus, the Powassan virus, the Machupo virus, the Marburg virus, the Murray Valley encephalitis virus, the South American hemorrhagic fever, the goat pox virus, the sheep pox virus, the Lassa fever virus, the lumpy skin disease virus, the Rift Valley fever virus, the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, or the Rocio virus