賄: 261 Terms and Phrases

• 賄
• bribe
• Hasuda
• Yomogida
• board
• supply
• finance

• 賄方
• kitchen manager
• chef
• cook

• 賄賂
• bribe
• sweetener
• douceur
• corruption
• hat
• oil
• payoff
• Bribery

• 賄う
• to give board to
• to provide meals
• to pay
• to cover (the cost)
• provide for
• finance

• 収賄
• accepting bribes
• corruption
• graft
• acceptance of bribe

• 贈賄
• bribery
• corruption
• graft
• offer of bribe
• Giving of Bribes

• 賄い
• boarding
• meals
• catering
• cook

• 収賄者
• grafter

• 賄い屋
• purveyor
• Makanai (meal) vendor

• 収賄罪
• bribery
• Crime of Acceptance of Bribes

• 贈収賄
• bribery
• corruption

• 賄い方
• kitchen manager
• chef
• cook

• 賄い婦
• female cook

• 贈賄罪
• crime of bribery
• Crime of Offering of Bribes
• Crime of Offer of Bribe

• 斡旋収賄
• influence peddling

• 贈賄防止
• anti-bribery

• 収賄事件
• bribery case
• bribery scandal
• graft case

• 賄い付き
• with meals
• meals inclusive

• 需要を賄う
• to meet the demand

• 受託収賄罪
• bribery

• 第三者供賄
• Passing of Bribes to a Third Party

• に賄賂を贈る
• bribe

• 賄い付き貸間
• room and board

• あっせん収賄
• Acceptance for Exertion of Influence

• 贈収賄に弱い
• vulnerable to bribery

• 三食賄い付き
• with three meals served

• ～のお金で賄われる
• be financed by ~

• 取締役等の贈収賄罪
• Crime of the Giving or Acceptance of a Bribe by a Director, etc.
• Crime of Bribery of the Directors, etc.

• 加重収賄及び事後収賄
• Aggravated Acceptance; Acceptance after Resignation of Office

• 収賄が明るみにでた。
• The bribery came to light.

• 彼は贈収賄を軽蔑した。
• He disdained bribery.

• 生活のための収入を賄う人
• someone who provides the means for subsistence

• 賄賂として差し出された金銭
• money offered as a bribe

• 収賄、受託収賄及び事前収賄
• Acceptance of Bribes; Acceptance upon Request; Acceptance in Advance of Assumption of Office

• 商人はその政治家に贈賄した。
• The merchant bribed the politician.

• 公の役人の間で賄賂のきくこと
• corruptness among public officials

• 彼は賄賂の受け取りを拒否した。
• He refused to take the bribe.

• 商人はその政治家に賄賂を送った。
• The merchant sent the politician a bribe.

• 懐柔的な贈り物または賄賂を与える
• give a conciliatory gift or bribe to

• 社員等の権利の行使に関する贈収賄罪
• Crime of Bribery in Relation to the Exercise of a Right of a Member, etc.

• 買収されやすい･賄賂で自由になる人
• venal man

• 株主等の権利の行使に関する贈収賄罪
• Crime of the Giving or Acceptance of a Bribe in Relation to Exercise of a Right of a Shareholder, etc.

• 収賄事件は政府に疑惑を投げかけた。
• The bribery scandal cast doubts on the government.

• 市長が賄賂を受け取ったんですって。
• It's said that the mayor is on the take.

• 彼は賄賂を受け取っていたと認めた。
• He admitted he had taken bribes.

• 彼は市の職員の収賄のスクープを得た
• he got a scoop on the bribery of city officials

• 賄賂または複数の賄賂を受け取るさま
• having taken a bribe or bribes

• 彼らは賄賂を使って証人の口を封じた。
• They bribed the witness into silence.

• 彼は賄賂を受け取らなかったと言った。
• He denied that he had accepted the bribe.

• 彼はその政治家に多額の賄賂を贈った。
• He offered a big bribe to the politician.

• 陸羯南（「賄い征伐事件」で中途退学）
• Katsunan KUGA (left the school halfway due to the 'steward punishment incident')

• 市長は賄賂を受け取ったことを否定した。
• The mayor denied having taken a bribe.

• 福本日南（「賄い征伐事件」で中途退学）
• Nichinan FUKUMOTO (This student left the school halfway due to the 'steward punishment incident'.)

• 天津産のシナグリを国内産で賄う事もある。
• Occasionally, chestnuts from Japan are used.

• 彼らは賄賂をもらうのを恥と思っていない。
• They are not of above taking bribes.

• 判断が贈収賄により影響される裁判官の犯罪
• the crime of a judge whose judgment is influenced by bribery

• 生産コストをなんとか賄う値段で生産するさま
• producing at a rate that barely covers production costs

• 受益証券発行限定責任信託の受託者等の贈収賄罪
• Crime of Bribery by or of the Trustee, etc. of a Limited Liability Trust With Certificate of Beneficial Interest

• 給食施設は主に無賃のヘルパーによって賄われる
• the soup kitchen was run primarily by unpaid helpers

• 彼が賄賂を受け取ったのではないかと皆が思った。
• Everybody suspected him of taking a bribe.

• 彼が、賄賂を受けたのではないかとみんな思った。
• Everybody suspected him of taking a bribe.

• 原敬（総理大臣）（「賄い征伐事件」で中途退学）
• Takashi HARA (the Prime Minister) (He also left the school halfway due to the 'steward punishment incident'.)

• ここだけの話ですが、彼は収賄で首になったのです。
• Between ourselves, he was dismissed for bribery.

• クープ氏は決して賄賂を受け取るような人ではない。
• Mr Koop would be the last person to take a bribe.

• 収賄スキャンダルは海外で激しい反発を生みました。
• The bribery scandal created a backlash overseas.

• 彼がその贈り物を受け取ったのは収賄とみなされた。
• His acceptance of the present was regarded as bribery.

• 私がその賄賂を拒否したのは非常に賢明な事だった。
• It was very sensible of him to reject the bribe.

• 職権乱用、賄賂と司法妨害を行った政治スキャンダル
• a political scandal involving abuse of power and bribery and obstruction of justice

• 新しい事業は何人かの事業家によって資金を賄われた。
• The new venture was financed by a group of entrepreneurs.

• 彼がその賄賂を拒否したのは非常に賢明なことだった。
• It was very sensible of him to reject the bribe.

• 生徒の賄（まかない）を取りよせて晩飯を済ましたが、
• I ordered the same kind of meal as served for the students, and finished my supper.

• 賄賂を受け取る師直の家臣である伴内役者の腕の見せ所。
• This is a scene in which the actor playing the role of Bannai, Moronao's retainer who receives the bribe, can show his skill as an actor.

• その政治家は賄賂を受け取ったことを恥じていなかった。
• The politician was not ashamed of having taken bribes.

• 内緒の話ですが、彼は収賄のために免職になったのです。
• Between you and me, he was dismissed for bribery.

• 庫裏で賄われる寺料理のそうめんが名物として知られる。
• Somen (Japanese vermicelli) that is cooked and served to visitors at the kuri of the temple is popularly known.

• ある購入業者に、取引する気にさせるために賄賂を贈ること
• bribery of a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into a transaction

• その役人は建設会社から賄賂を受け取った容疑をかけられた。
• The official was suspected of accepting bribes from the construction companies.

• 知事がタバコ会社から賄賂をもらっていたらしいじゃないか。
• I hear the governor's been getting money under the table from tobacco companies.

• 彼の収賄や不正事件や愛人などの噂は、じきにみな消え去った。
• All the rumors of his bribes, scandals and lovers soon blew over.

• 正直さ、誠実さの欠如（特に贈収賄行為の影響を受けやすいこと）
• lack of integrity or honesty (especially susceptibility to bribery)

• というのは、長年の倹約から付加的な費用を賄えたからなのです。
• for he supplied his additional expenses out of his long thriftiness.
• for he supplied his additional expenses out of his long thriftinfess.

• 賄賂を受け取ったのですか、それとも受け取らなかったのですか。
• Did you or did you not accept the bribe?

• 忠成は定信や信明が禁止した贈賄を自ら公認して収賄を奨励した。
• Tadaakira officially approved of bribery--a practice previously banned by Sadanobu and Nobuaki--and encouraged the acceptance of bribes.

• なお、この事業は国費及び紀元2600年記念奉祝会費で賄われた。
• This project was covered by national expenditure and membership fee of a commemorative ceremony for the 2,600th year of the founding of Japan.

• 業界からの密告により、収賄の疑いで永田は逮捕、拘禁されている。
• Nagata was arrested and detained on suspicion of corruption, prompted by tips from industry insiders.

• 公費がどの程度課税ではなくて借り入れで賄われているかを示すもの
• an indicator of how much public spending is financed by borrowing instead of taxation

• これはある国ではいわゆる「贈り物」で、他の国では「贈賄」である。
• This is what is called a 'present' in some countries and 'bribery' in others.

• 購買担当者を取引に応じる気にさせるために、売り手が支払う商業賄賂
• a commercial bribe paid by a seller to a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into the transaction

• 現代では政府の人事において賄賂により官職をあてがう場合に用いられる。
• These days, the term, Baikan, refers to gaining a government post by bribe.

• 二人の政府高官が不動産会社から賄賂を受け取った容疑をかけられている。
• Two senior officials are suspected of accepting bribes from real estate companies.

• 残念ながら、あのオフィスでは賄賂を使わない限り何事もうまくいかないよ。
• Unfortunately, you won't get anything done in that office unless you grease someone's palm.

• ある事を秘密にしておくことをある人に保証してもらうために支払われる賄賂
• a bribe paid to someone to insure that something is kept secret

• - 自普請で賄えない規模の田んぼの治水用水に係わる普請や新たな田園の造営。
• Ta bushin and shinden bushin are fushin related to river improvement, water use for large rice paddy fields, and building new rice fields, that can not be covered by jifushin.

• ただし、第62回では間伐材をそれなりの用途で使用し、全用材の25%を賄う。
• However, they plan to use thinned wood for various parts covering twenty-five percent of the total for the sixty-second Sengu.

• 特定のレコードを促進するよう勧めるためにディスクジョッキーに与えられる賄賂
• a bribe given to a disc jockey to induce him to promote a particular record

• その費用を賄う為にこの時期は生涯で最も盛んに篆刻し、人の求めに応じている。
• More seal engravings were produced than any other time in his life in order to raise enough money for the travel expenses.

• 法案通過を推進しているロビイストは、運動資金に賄賂の金をまぎれこませました。
• Lobbyists for the bill funneled bribes into a campaign fund.

• 輸出費用を賄うために輸出側の国の銀行を持つ輸入者によって開設されるクレジット
• a credit opened by an importer with a bank in an exporter's country to finance an export operation

• 広敷の役人、賄頭、勘定吟味改役は、小禄の旗本の中から有能な者が選ばれていた。
• Hiroshiki, makanai-gashira, and Kanjo-Ginmi-aratame yaku were selected among the competent hatamoto with small stipend.

• 家禄わずか二百石の中山家では産屋建築の費用を賄えず、その大半を借金したという。
• It was said that the Nakayama family whose Karoku (hereditary stipend) was only two hundreds stipends could not pay for the cost of building ubuya (a hut for delivering babies) and borrowed money for most of the cost.

• その後、能勢の地は秀吉に降伏した島津氏に在京賄料として与えられることとなった。
• After that, for traveling and living cost in Kyoto the land of Nose was given to the Shimazu clan, who had surrendered to Hideyoshi

• 明治26年（1893年）に相馬事件の収賄疑惑によって議長不信任案が可決される。
• In 1893, the parliament passed a no-confidence motion against chairman HOSHI who was suspected of having received bribes in the Soma Incident.

• その政治家は平然と賄賂を受け取り、全ての契約の５％が濡れ手に粟で彼の懐に入った。
• The politician had sticky fingers, and 5% of every contract ended in his pocket.

• 寺院・神社に納められる雑役は、古くは国家からの実物による支給によって賄われていた。
• Zatsueki, provided to temples/shrines, was originally provided by the nation as an allowance in kind.

• 彼らが最終契約について協議している際、ある裏工作が進んでいた。賄賂が渡されたのだ。
• There was some monkey business going on when they were negotiating that last contract; money passed under the table.

• 財政は一族からの荘園寄付によって賄われており他の大学別曹に比べ､非常に豊かであった。
• It was extremely rich compared to other Daigaku-besso, because it was financially supported by the donations from Shoen (manors) owned by the Fujiwara clan.

• 中でも賄賂説がもっともメジャーで忠臣蔵の映画やドラマ、小説などは大抵この説を採用する。
• Among those, the theory of a bribery is most popular, most of the movies, dramas, novels about Chushingura (The treasury of Loyal Retainers) adopts it.

• 若狭助は師直を斬る覚悟をするが、若狭助の家老加古川本蔵が機転を利かせて師直に賄賂を贈る。
• Wakasanosuke makes up his mind to kill Moronao, but Honzo KAKOGAWA, the chief retainer of Wakasanosuke, uses his quick thinking to offer a bribe to Moronao.

• 賄い料理として食べていたものを、客が食べたいと所望したため供されるようになったものである。
• Their rice omelet was originally cooked for the restaurant staff but, subsequently, the restaurant began to cater to the requests of their patrons.

• 一般にトイレや風呂、台所などの水まわりは共同で、賄いとして食事の提供が行われることもある。
• Generally, they have a communal lavatory, bathroom, and kitchen, and in some cases they also board.

• 10月に入ると、猪子役人の当番の者が御所御賄所に出頭し、御用の数を伺う、「合数伺い」を行う。
• At the beginning of October, inoko-yakunin (an official in charge of Inoko festival) on duty presented himself at a catering section of the Imperial Court and made a ritual 'Gosu-ukagai' to ask how many number of go (a unit of quantity) of Inoko mochi were required.

• また、大石慎三郎らは「賄賂政治家」という悪評は反対派によって政治的に作られていったとしている。
• Shinsaburo OISHI and others considered that his bad reputation as a corruptible politician was a political creation of his opponents.

• この時に、御賄所より、その数（合数）を記した御書付を下される「御書下げ」があり、調理準備に入る。
• Then, the catering section would make a ritual 'gosho sage' to render a description of order quoting the number of go (a unit of quantity) of Inoko mochi to be submitted, according to which Inoko mochi for the Imperial Court were prepared.

• 「だが奴（やっこ）さんそれでは満足しなかったので、賄方（まかないがた）に出世させてもらったんだ。
• and then, as that did not satisfy him, he was promoted to be butler.

• 普段は1・2番のりばのみで発着を賄っており、列車運用の都合に応じて3・4番のりばを使用している。
• Although Platform 1 and 2 are in use for the arrival and departure of trains under normal circumstances, Platform 3 and 4 are also used depending on the requirements of operation.

• つまり、近代以前の法観念においては礼銭と賄賂の境界線は微妙で曖昧であったことに留意する必要がある。
• In short, it is necessary to bear in mind that the line between the reisen and bribery was subtle and ambiguous in the legal concepts before the modern era.

• 一方で収賄などの噂も絶えず、日本の政党政治と利益誘導の構造すなわち金権型政党政治を築いたとされる。
• On the other hand, HOSHI was always rumored to take bribes, and thus he is said to have established the Japan's party politics combined with pork barrel politics, in other words, the money-driven political system.

• 任務に違反するための（重罪を犯すことにより）不適当な手段（贈収賄のように）での誘因（公務員のような）
• inducement (as of a public official) by improper means (as bribery) to violate duty (as by commiting a felony)

• また、特に封建社会において見られた傾向として、官職を欲し贈収賄が行われることを売官、猟官ともいった。
• Committing bribery to get Kanshoku is Baikan or Ryokan, the tendency of which was especially seen in the feudal Japan.

• 次の日、豊雄が怪しげな宝刀を持っているのを見て、どうやってこれを賄ったのか父と母と長兄は豊雄をせめた。
• On the following day, his father, mother and older brother found Toyoo have a dubious treasured sword, and they sternly asks him how he got it.

• 猟官運動が盛んに行われたのは長崎奉行であり、貿易に絡む賄賂に近い副収入が見込めたことで人気が高かった。
• The Nagasaki magistrate post was the most coveted one, because additional income, being close to bribes, was expected in relation with trade, and therefore, various maneuvers were conducted to get the post.

• 第一項の賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、三年以下の懲役又は三百万円以下の罰金に処する。
• A person who has given, or offered or promised to give a bribe set forth in paragraph (1) shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or by a fine of not more than three million yen.
• A person who has given a bribe as set forth in paragraph (1) or who has offered or promised one shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than 3 million yen.

• 裁判官に贈賄しようとしたとして投獄され、後に姿を消して、殺されたと推測されている（1913年−1975年）
• he was jailed for trying to bribe a judge and later disappeared and is assumed to have been murdered (1913-1975)

• もともとは、かつて宮崎県延岡市内にあった洋食店「ロンドン」の厨房で出されていた賄い料理料理がその原型である。
• It was originally a meal provided for cooks within the kitchen of the western style restaurant, 'London' which used to be in Nobeoka City, Miyazaki Prefecture.

• またこの二朱銀を鋳造するために必要な銀を賄うために、銀品位を下げた安政丁銀を発行することになったといわれる。
• It is said that the bakufu had to emit Ansei Chogin with its quality of silver lowered, in order to secure the sufficient amount of silver required to mint the Nishu gin silver coins.

• また贈収賄は江戸時代通じての問題で、それ自体も近代以後に比べればかえって少なかったという説も唱えられている。
• Bribery was a problem during the Edo period, and there is a theory that says it was less frequent than it is in modern times.

• もう一人の孫大久保利春は丸紅専務で、ロッキード事件に際しては賄賂の一人として逮捕・起訴され有罪判決を受けた。
• Another grandson, Toshiharu OKUBO, was a senior managing director of a big trading company, Marubeni, but he was arrested and prosecuted for a bribery case in the Lockheed scandal, and was found guilty.

• 結成当時には財政難であったと推測されるが、京都守護職配下時代は、隊の運営資金を会津藩からの御用金で賄っていた。
• It is assumed that they were short of funds upon start of the group, but during the time when the group was placed under the control of Kyoto Shugoshoku, operating expenses of the group were covered by goyo-kin financed from the Aizu Clan.

• 明治8年から1年かけて、麹町三年町に木造洋館を建てた（建築費用は恩賜金と盟友税所篤からの借金で賄ったとされる。
• He took one year starting in 1875 to build a wooden Western-style residence in Sannen-cho, Koji-machi Town (it is said that expenses for architecture were covered by Imperial money and a debt from Atsushi SAISHO, his intimate friend)

• ただし実際には、側近である老中水野忠成が幕政を壟断し、田沼時代を上回る空前の賄賂政治が横行した（→大御所時代）。
• But in reality, his aide Tadaakira MIZUNO, who assumed 'roju,' monopolized bakufu politics, so graft became rampant more than any other time, let alone in the Tanuma period (cf. the section of 'Ogosho period').

• 加えて朝廷も不動穀の充実振りに目を付けて本来であれば中央に上げられる上供分で賄うべき経費を正税から得ようとした。
• In addition, the Imperial Court focused on ensuring that there was a sufficient quantity of fudokoku, and they tried to cover the cost of this with shozei, even though it was supposed to be made up with tributes to the central government.

• 前項に規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、三年以下の懲役又は三百万円以下の罰金に処する。
• A person who has given, offered, or promised to offer a bribe prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen.

• ねぎ焼きはお好み焼店やまもとの店主が賄い用としてキャベツの代わりにネギを入れて作っていた物を商品化したものである。
• Negiyaki was commercialized by the owner of an okonomiyaki restaurant 'Yamamoto,' based on makanai ryori (meals which staffs of the restaurant cook for themselves) which the owner had prepared using green onion instead of cabbage.

• この法律は、国際商取引における外国公務員に対する贈賄の防止に関する条約が日本国について効力を生ずる日から施行する。
• This Act shall come into effect as of the day on which the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions takes effect in Japan.

• 前項の場合において、収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• In the case set forth in the preceding paragraph, the accepted bribe shall be confiscated. In the case where the whole or a part of the bribe cannot be confiscated, the value equivalent to it shall be charged.
• In the case of the preceding paragraph, the bribe accepted shall be confiscated. When the whole or a part of the bribe cannot be confiscated, an equivalent sum of money shall be collected.

• しかし、社会の初期資本主義化によって、町人・役人の生活が金銭中心のものとなり、そのために事実として賄賂が横行した。
• However, due to this early capitalism of their society, the lives of the townspeople and officials became focused on money, and bribes were rampant.

• こうしたことから代官とは、百姓を虐げ、商人から賄賂を受け取り、土地の女を好きにする悪代官のイメージが広く浸透した。
• Due to the above reasons, the bad image of daikan—oppressing peasants, receiving bribe from merchants, and ruling local women－has widely spread.

• まる2日ずらされたのは、宮内省内蔵頭当時の収賄で司直の手が及びかけていた渡辺千秋宮内大臣を急遽更迭させるための措置。
• This official date was put off by two days from the real date as a measure to quickly replace Minister of the Imperial Households Chiaki WATANABE, who was almost in the reach of the law for his usage of bribery during his time as the Chief of Kuraryo of the Imperial Household Ministry.

• さらに、管領細川持之が土倉から賄賂一千貫を貰って保護の為に、出兵命令を出したという事実を知った守護大名は出兵を拒否。
• Besides, shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) who had learned that kanrei (shogunal deputy) Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA ordered that troops be dispatched to protect the doso in exchange for 1,000 kan bribe from the doso, blocked the dispatch of the troops.

• この尽力について、立案をした情報局第五部第二課長に、贈賄をしたという黒い噂は、60年以上たった現在でも消えていない。
• Rumors persist to this day, more than sixty years later, that the head of Section 2, Department No. 5, of the Intelligence Bureau that had been responsible for the plan was bribed for the efforts.

• 前条第一項に規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、三年以下の懲役又は百万円以下の罰金に処する。
• A person who gave, offered or promised to give a bribe prescribed in paragraph 1 shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than 3 years or a fine of not more than 1,000,000 yen.

• 一方の締約者から他方の締約者に支援の要請があれば、当該支援の費用を賄う最も公平な方法を決定するために協議が行われる。
• If assistance is requested by either Party of the other, consultations shall take place with a view to determining the most equitable manner of meeting the cost of such assistance.

• しかし細川方の副使宋素卿（そうそけい）は明の入港管理所である市舶司大監の頼恩に賄賂を贈り、細川方を先に入港検査させた。
• But the Hosokawa side's vice-envoy Sokei SO offered a bribe to Laien who was Shihakushi-daikan (inspector of the Office of Merchant Ships) at the port authority of Ming China, and Laien allowed the Hosokawa ship to go through port inspection before the Ouchi ship.

• 近衛兵において、買収または政治的な賄賂に対して、買収されやすい兵士に特徴的な、または、買収されやすい兵士と類似している
• characteristic of or similar to the corruptible soldiers in the Praetorian Guard with respect to corruption or political venality

• 犯人又は情を知った第三者が収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• A bribe accepted by an offender or by a third party with knowledge shall be confiscated. When the whole or a part of the bribe cannot be confiscated, an equivalent sum of money shall be collected.

• 犯人又は情を知つた第三者の収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• Bribes received by offenders or by third persons knowing them to be such shall be confiscated. When it is not possible to collect such bribes either in whole or in part, the equivalent value shall be collected from them.

• 前項の場合において、収受した賄賂は、これを没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, accepted bribes shall be confiscated. When such a bribe cannot be confiscated in whole or in part, the value equivalent thereto shall be collected.

• 第一項の場合において、犯人の収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• In the case referred to in paragraph (1), any bribe accepted by the offender shall be confiscated. If the whole or part of the bribe cannot be confiscated, the equivalent value thereof shall be collected.

• 前三項の場合において、犯人が収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• The bribes in the preceding three paragraphs, which were received by the criminal person shall be confiscated. If it was unable to confiscate the whole or a part of the bribes, the corresponding amount of money shall be confiscated.

• 過去に2003年以前は特急用の車両は予備車を含めてフル運用に入り、賄いきれなくなった運用に9000系電車が入る程度だった。
• Before 2003, limited express trains (including spare trains) were at full-capacity operation, and the trains of the Series 9000 also had to be used.

• 明治維新後は内務省 (日本)に出仕するが、長年の盟友・内務大臣大久保利通に、琉球から賄賂を受取った事を咎められ免職となる。
• After the Meiji Restoration, he served the Ministry of Home Affairs, however, accused by Toshimichi OKUBO, who was Home Minister then and who had been his sworn allies for many years, for having received a bribe from the Ryukyu government, and he was dismissed from the office.

• しかし和宮の紐直の儀の翌年にあたる安政元年（1854年）12月、観行院へ贈られる賄い料の年十石の加増を徳川幕府は許可した。
• However, in December, 1854, the next year of Princess Kazunomiya's thread fixing ceremony, the Tokugawa Shogunate permitted the increase of ten Koku of crop yield a year as the covering fee presented to Kangyoin.

• また、大伴金村は任那4県を賄賂と引き換えに割譲したことではなく、彼ら庶兄を推したために後継者争いに敗れて失脚したと主張した。
• Also Kuroiwa insisted that OTOMO no Kanamura lost his position not because he ceded four provinces in Mimana for exchange of bribe but because he failed in the fight on deciding the successor by recommending these illegitimate older half-brothers of him.

• 前条各項の場合において、犯人が収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• In the case specified under each paragraph of the preceding article, the bribe which the offender has received shall be confiscated. Where it is unable to confiscate the entire bribe or portion thereof, the amount of money equivalent thereto shall be sought and collected.

• 第十九条各項に規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、三年以下の懲役又は二百五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
• Any person who has given, offered or promised to give a bribe as stipulated in each paragraph of Article 19 shall be punishable and liable to penal servitude for a term not exceeding three years or a fine not exceeding two million and five hundred thousand yen.

• あなたは賄賂を取ってはならない。賄賂は人の目をくらまし、正しい者の事件をも曲げさせるからである。 (出エジプト記 23:8)
• 'You shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds those who have sight and perverts the words of the righteous. (Exodus 23:8)

• 博多に近い宗像大社は鎌倉時代の段階で過去数百年間の修理費用を寄船・寄物の寄進のみで賄ってきたという（寛喜3年4月5日官宣旨）。
• Already in the Kamakura Period, Munakata Taisha Shrine near Hakata was said to have purveyed its repairing costs for the past several hundred years from donation of Yoribune (ships drifted ashore) and Yorimono (driftage) only, according to Kansenji (an edict from Daijokan (the Grand Council of State)) dated May 15, 1231.

• 当時、田沼時代と呼ばれるほどの権勢を誇り、収賄の悪名高かった田沼意次に一矢報いたことから、佐野は「世直し大明神」と崇められた。
• Since Sano fought back Okitsugu TANUMA who had such a great power as being called Tanuma period (the period when Okitsugu Tanuma led the government for about 20 years during the middle of the Edo period) and was famous for bribery, he was admired as 'Yonaoshi Daimyo-jin' (the Great God who reformed the world).

• 近世の水田耕作では枯れ草が重要な肥料であった為、村に必要な枯れ草を賄う為に草山が設定され、樹木を生やさないように管理されていた。
• In recent times, since dried grass was an important manure for paddy cultivation, in order to secure the necessary amount of dried grass, sometimes a small-scale Kusayama was prepared and kept free from being re-forested.

• また、荻原は御用商人からの収賄や貨幣改鋳に関して巨額の利益を収めたなど、汚職の噂が絶えなかった（新井著「折たく柴の記」による）。
• In addition, there were endless corruption rumors for Ogiwara such as bribes from government contractors and enormous amounts of profit in relation with reminting the coins (in accordance with 'Oritaku Shiba no ki' [autobiographical essay] written by Hakuseki ARAI).

• 礼銭が賄賂とみなして厳しく禁じられるのは統一的権力を打ちたて、強力な財政基盤と武士道の涵養に尽力した江戸幕府の成立以後の事になる。
• It was not until the establishment of the Edo bakufu, which formed a unified government and was engaged in creating a sound financial footing and the samurai code, that the reisen was considered to be a bribe and strictly prohibited.

• 近代には、大正6年（1917年）に辻善之助著『田沼時代』が発表されると、田沼意次＝「賄賂政治家」とされ、田沼悪人説が流通していた。
• When Zennosuke TSUJI's 'Tanuma Period' was published in 1917, Okitsugu TANUMA was considered a corruptible statesman, and a Tanuma villain theory was widespead.

• しかし、後に諸国からの貢進で賄われる様になり、その抜手（優勝者）を近衛府・兵衛府などで採用したり、帰国後に在庁官人などに登用された。
• However, afterwards the various provinces were compensated for their contributions and, selected individuals (tournament winners) were employed as imperial/military guards as well as being appointed to local government roles upon return to the provinces.

• 贈賄側を取り調べる傍ら、収賄議員の事情聴取を進めた結果、収賄を受けた議員は、政友会、進歩党 (日本)、大同倶楽部の三派20名に及ぶ。
• As a result of questioning the members of the House of Representatives while the police investigating the bribery suspects, the number of members of the House of Representatives who received a bribe was found to increase to 20 members, belonging to the Seiyu Party, Shinpo To (Progrssive Party) (Japan), and a political party called 'Daido Kurabu'.

• 公務員が、その職務に関し、請託を受けて、第三者に賄賂を供与させ、又はその供与の要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a public officer, agreeing to perform an act in response to a request, causes a bribe in connection with the official's duty to be given to a third party or solicits or promises such bribe to be given to a third party, imprisonment with work for not more than 5 years shall be imposed.

• また進物や賄賂についても、公費の予算から支出される現代の公務員と異なり、高家や勅使饗応役の大名は必要経費を自弁しなければならなかった。
• For gifts and bribes, unlike public employees today, who are able to pay at public expense, koke members and attendants for Imperial messengers had to pay their own expenses.

• 慶安4年（1651年）4月、兄の長松（徳川綱重）とともに賄領として近江、美濃、信濃、駿河、上野から15万石を拝領し家臣団を付けられる。
• In April 1651, Tsunayoshi and his elder brother, Nagamatsu (Tsunashige TOKUGAWA), were presented with 150,000 koku (a unit of measurement for rice volume, used to asses wealth, 1 koku is 180.39 liter) from the provinces of Omi, Mino, Shinano, Suruga and Kozuke, and were also given some retainers.

• 任命者にとっては収入のうちの重要な要素を占めていた（近代以前の日本においてこうした金品のやりとりは賄賂の範疇には含まれていなかった）。
• The rewards that the appointer received made up an essential part of his income (such reward was not regarded as a bribe in Japan until modern times).

• 前条第一項から第三項までに規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、三年以下の懲役又は二百五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
• A person who gave, offered, or made a promise of bribes in paragraph (1) through paragraph (3) of the preceding Article shall be punished with a penal servitude not exceeding three years or with a fine not exceeding 2,500,000 yen.

• また新兵組とともに軍費自弁のためにできた膨大な借金は名主仲間共有の山林を売り払うなどして賄われ、肝心の宮座は維新後間もなく消滅してしまった。
• But much like the Shinpeigumi, they were left with enormous debts because they were shouldering the financial burden of their wartime activities themselves, so although the council of village headsmen managed to cover their expenses by selling the lumber and other things they owned jointly as villages, this led to the shrine organization--the heart and soul of the troop--quickly ceasing to exist soon after the Restoration.

• 津守国基の歌が『後拾遺集』に三首も入っているのは、通俊に賄賂として鰺（アジ）を贈った為だと風評され、「小鰺集」の異名を得たという（袋草紙）。
• Three poems composed by TSUMORI no Kunimoto had been selected for 'Goshui shu,' because TSUMORI no Kunimoto was said to have bribed Michitoshi with horse mackerel to select his poems, so the anthology was nicknamed 'Koaji shu' (a collection of horse mackerel) (according to Fukurozoshi, an essay on tanka poetry compiled by FUJIWARA no Kiyosuke).

• 高家が饗応役を命じられた大名から進物をもらうことは、賄賂というよりも授業料や必要経費の性格が強く、当時は別に卑しまれている類のものではなかった。
• For koke to receive gifts from feudal lords who appointed them as attendants, it was considered more as tuition and necessary expense and nothing greedy at that time.

• このような中、北海道移住への気運が高まるのであるが、その資金については自費移住ということであり、それを賄うだけの資金調達ができるはずもなかった。
• For these reasons, there was an increasing momentum among people to move in to Hokkaido, but there was no way to raise funds as they had to move at their own expense.

• 前各項の場合において、犯人又は法人である監督委員等が収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• In the cases referred to in the preceding paragraphs, a bribe accepted by the offender or by the supervisor, etc. who is a juridical person shall be confiscated. If the whole or part of the bribe cannot be confiscated, an equivalent value thereof shall be collected.

• 第百九十七条から第百九十七条の四までに規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、三年以下の懲役又は二百五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
• A person who gives, offers or promises to give a bribe provided for in Articles 197 through 197-4 shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than 3 years or a fine of not more than 2,500,000 yen.

• 大統領、副大統領及び合衆国のすべての文官は、反逆罪、収賄罪又はその他の重罪及び軽罪につき弾劾され、かつ有罪の判決を受けた場合は、その職を免ぜられる。
• The President, Vice President and all Civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.

• 前条第二項又は第四項に規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、五年以下の懲役若しくは五百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• A person who has given, offered or promised to offer a bribe as prescribed in paragraph (2) or paragraph (4) of the preceding Article shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than five years or a fine of not more than five million yen, or both.

• 前条第一項又は第三項に規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、三年以下の懲役若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• A person who has given, offered or promised to offer a bribe as prescribed in paragraph (1) or paragraph (3) of the preceding Article shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both.
• A person who has given, offered or promised to offer a bribe prescribed in paragraph (1) or paragraph (3) of the preceding Article shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both.

• 貸金業協会の役員（仮理事及び仮監事を含む。）又は職員が、その職務に関して、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• When an officer (including a provisional director or provisional auditor) or employee of the Money Lenders' Association has accepted, requested, or promised bribes with regard to his/her duties, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than five years.

• 恒例の行事については、庸や調を継承したとされる年料・率分によって賄われ、臨時の行事については行事所や蔵人所が召物・所課などの形式で諸国に負担を配分した。
• The events in the established custome were alloted from nenryo (annual tribute) and ritsubun (ritsubun 〔the tax system where two-tenth of the tax delivered from the provinces to the Ministry of Finance at Heian-kyo were supplied to the tax storage called 'ritsubun-do'〕) that is said to have replaced yo and cho, and the extra events were borne by each province in form of meshimono or shoka (imposition) allocated by gyojisyo or kurodo dokoro (the Office of Imperial Household Logistics).

• その一方で、重商主義から来る金銭崇拝的傾向が瀰漫し、賄賂政治が横行したとされ、また幕府伝統の重農主義を重んずる松平定信ら譜代大名から反撥されるようになる。
• Meanwhile, his mercantilism is said to have caused prevalence of mammonism and graft, and this began to meet a resentment of 'fudai daimyo,' including Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA, who put a high value on physiocracy that the Edo bakufu conventionally had taken.

• 秋山の自白から約2ヵ月後の7月3日に、東京地方裁判所第二刑事部において判決が言い渡され、被告達に禁固10ヶ月から3ヶ月に加え、収賄金の追徴の量刑となった。
• On July 3, two months after Akiyama's confession, a decision was handed down to the defendants at the Second Criminal Affairs Department of the Tokyo District Court, and the defendants were sentenced to 3 to 10 months in prison and were additionally fined.

• 富子は京都七つ口に関所を作って関銭を徴集（七口の関）し、米相場や高利貸しからの賄賂を受けるなど利殖活動を行い、彼女の財力によって室町幕府が運営されていた。
• Tomiko engaged in moneymaking activities, such as collecting tolls by setting up seven barriers in Kyoto (Nanakuchi-no-Seki), investing in the rice market, and taking bribes from loan sharks, and it was her financial power that enabled the Muromachi shogunate to function.

• イーター機構の公務で出張する職員は、任務地から離れる場合、その旅費全額の償還と必要経費を賄う日当を、この規則第 14 条の規定に従って受け取ることができる。
• Staff members traveling on official the ITER Organization duty shall be entitled to reimbursement of all of their travel costs and to a daily allowance to cover subsistence when away from their place of duty in accordance with the provisions of Article 14 of these Regulations.

• 前条第二項、第四項又は第五項に規定する賄賂を供与し、又はその申込み若しくは約束をした者は、五年以下の懲役若しくは五百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• A person who has given, offered or promised to offer a bribe prescribed in paragraph (2), paragraph (4) or paragraph (5) of the preceding Article shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than five years or a fine of not more than five million yen, or both.

• 『日本書紀』は、磐井はかねてより反逆の企てを抱いていたものの実行に移せないでいたが、それを知った新羅は磐井へ賄賂を送り、ヤマト政権への反逆を勧めたとしている。
• According to 'Nihonshoki,' Iwai had been plotting a rebellion for a long time but he could not actually do it; however, Shiragi heard of the plot and then they bribed Iwai and suggested to raise a rebellion against the Yamato regime.

• しかし悪党から賄賂を受けていた両人は手勢も連れず荘内に入り、むしろ悪党らに饗応されただけで退去し、六波羅へは悪党はすでに逐電済みであると報告しただけに終わった。
• However, Tsuneshige and Jiro had been bribed by the villains and, when the pair went into the estate (unaccompanied by their soldiers) following some entertainment provided by the villains, the pair left the estate and reported to the Rokuhara authorities that the villains had escaped.

• 当時、鉄道敷設法によって鉄道建設は鉄道公債の発行によって全て賄うこととされており、この提案は新規どころか既存の鉄道工事も全て停止すると言っているのにも等しかった。
• Since railway construction was specified to be covered by issuance of the railway bonds in the Railway Construction Act at that time, this proposal virtually meant that not only new but also existing railway works should be all suspended.

• 「潮時というものがある」と言うのは「今、買え（売れ）、そうすれば一年全体の出費を賄える。しかし今すぐ行動しないと一生後悔することになろう」と言うよりも優れている。
• To say 'There is a tide' is better than saying 'Buy (or sell) now and you'll cover expenses for the whole year, but if you fail to act right away, you may regret it the rest of your life.'

• 綱吉から養子として迎えられて江戸城西の丸に入ったとき、また下心を持つ諸大名や旗本が賄賂に近い祝い品を持ってきたとき、家宣はこれらを全く受け取らなかったといわれる。
• Ienobu never received any gifts which could work as bribes from territorial lords and hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) who had an axe to grind when he first came to the western citadel of Edo-jo Castle after he was adopted by Tsunayoshi.

• これらは、当時としてはきわめて先進的な内容を含む現実的、合理的な政策であったが、賄賂政治を批判され、天明の大飢饉とも重なって百姓一揆や打ちこわしが激発して失脚した。
• Although these were realistic and rational policies including very advanced contents in those days, the criticism for prevalence of bribery and the frequent peasant revolts and destructive urban riots as well as the Tenmei Famine brought his downfall.

• 公務員が、その職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。この場合において、請託を受けたときは、七年以下の懲役に処する。
• A public officer who accepts, solicits or promises to accept a bribe in connection with his/her duties shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than 5 years; and when the official agrees to perform an act in response to a request, imprisonment with work for not more than 7 years shall be imposed.

• 前各項の場合において、犯人又は法人である承認管財人若しくは保全管理人が収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• In the cases referred to in the preceding paragraphs, a bribe accepted by the offender or by the recognition trustee or provisional administrator who is a juridical person shall be confiscated. If all or part of the bribe cannot be confiscated, the equivalent value shall be collected.

• 前各項の場合において、犯人又は法人である破産管財人若しくは保全管理人が収受した賄賂は、没収する。その全部又は一部を没収することができないときは、その価額を追徴する。
• In the cases referred to in the preceding paragraphs, a bribe accepted by the offender or by the bankruptcy trustee or provisional administrator who is a juridical person shall be confiscated. If the whole or part of the bribe cannot be confiscated, an equivalent value thereof shall be collected.

• このため、幕政は徳川家斉の側近・水野忠成に掌握され、その忠成のもとで収賄が横行し、家斉の奢侈も加わって幕府財政は大きく傾くこととなり、幕政は腐敗していくこととなる。
• As a result, bakufu was governed by the close adviser of Ienari TOKUGAWA, Tadaakira MIZUNO, however, bribes became rampant during his government; Ienari's luxury was also added to that, which unstabilized the bakufu government and brought about its corruption.

• 公務員になろうとする者が、その担当すべき職務に関し、請託を受けて、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、公務員となった場合において、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a person to be appointed a public officer accepts, solicits or promises to accept a bribe in connection with a duty to be assumed with agreement to perform an act in response to a request, the person shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than 5 years in the event of appointment.

• また、長年続いた礼銭の観念から賄賂に対する罪悪感は希薄な状態が続き、江戸幕府そして明治政府以後に至るまでこうした賄賂や買収を巡る問題が絶えない一因とも考えられるのである。
• It is also possible to suppose that the issues of bribery and corruption kept appearing from the Edo bakufu through and after the Meiji government because people had been accustomed to the concept of the reisen and not felt so guilty for a long time.

• そこで、10世紀後期ごろから、臨時の事業の費用を賄うため、ある国が料国（りょうごく）として指定され、料国の国司は主に公田（国衙領）を対象として臨時雑役を課するようになった。
• For this reason, in order to cover the expenses of such incidental events, from the late tenth century, a particular province was designated as a ryogoku and the kokushi (governor) of that ryogoku imposed temporary tasks mainly on the owners of koden (or kokugaryo - territories governed by a provincial government office).

• 日本製糖汚職事件（にほんせいとうおしょくじけん）は、台湾を舞台に日本製糖社取締役が共謀して、法律の延長を求めて複数の衆議院議員に対し金品を贈賄した明治時代に起きた疑獄事件。
• Nihon Seito Oshoku Jiken refers to a bribery scandal in the Meiji Period in which the board members of Nihon Seito in Taiwan conspired to bribe members of the House of Representatives with the aim of extending an effective period of a law.

• これを賄うために、朝廷は専売制度を復活させて財政の立て直しを図る共に、国家の直接所有地（官田）を設定して民間に貸し出し、小作料である高税率の公課（租）を徴収するようになった。
• To cover them, the Imperial Court restored monopolization and tried to rebuild the finances and established areas which were under the direct control of the state (kanden) to lease them to private hands and collected a high-rate tax as a farm rent.

• また、仙台藩主伊達重村からの賄賂を田沼が拒絶したという史料の存在、逆に田沼を非難していた松平定信さえも田沼にいやいや金品を贈ったと書き残していることなどをその論拠としている。
• The reason is that there is historical evidence that Tanuma declined a bribe from Shigemura DATE, the lord of the Sendai domain, while even Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA, who criticized Tanuma, wrote that he had presented Tanuma with money and goods reluctantly.

• 公務員が請託を受け、他の公務員に職務上不正な行為をさせるように、又は相当の行為をさせないようにあっせんすることの報酬として、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは…
• A public officer who accepts, solicits or promises to accept a bribe as consideration for the influence which the official exerted or is to exert, in response to a request, upon another public officer so as to cause the other to act illegally or refrain from acting in the exercise of official duty…

• あなたはさばきを曲げてはならない。人をかたより見てはならない。また賄賂を取ってはならない。賄賂は賢い者の目をくらまし、正しい者の事件を曲げるからである。 (申命記 16:19)
• You shall not wrest justice: you shall not respect persons; neither shall you take a bribe; for a bribe does blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous. (Deuteronomy 16:19)

• さらに、火縄銃など火器類の流入は、従来、非常時には徴発によってかなりの部分を賄いえていた軍需物資に、火薬など大量消費型の品々を加えることになり、ロジスティクスの重要性が高まった。
• In addition, inflow of firearms such as the matchlock caused an increase of mass-consumption type items such as gun powder to munitions materials, a certain part of which could be procured by commandeering in an emergency, increasing the importance of logistics.

• 尾去沢銅山事件に代表されるように実際に三井や長州系列の政商と密接に関わり、賄賂と利権で私服を肥やし、散財するという行為が当時から世間において批判され、貪官汚吏の権化とされていた。
• He was seen as the epitome of greedy and corrupted officer being accused by the public of his act of feathering his nest with bribes and interests and dissipate it, actually being involved closely with a businessmen with political ties of Mitsui and Choshu, represented by Osarizawa Copper Mine incident.

• 特別施行者又は特別施行者である法人の役員若しくは職員が、当該都市計画事業に係る職務に関し、請託を受けて第三者に賄賂を供与させ、又はその供与を約束したときは、三年以下の懲役に処する。
• If any special project executors or the officers or employees of juridical persons who are special project executors have, in response to solicitation, caused bribes to be given to third parties or promised to cause such bribes to be given in connection with their duties pertaining to the relevant city planning projects, they shall be punished by imprisonment with work not exceeding three years.

• 応永5年（1398年）来日した朝鮮使節から義弘が莫大な進物を受け取っていたことを斯波義将らが「義弘は朝鮮から賄賂を受け取っている」と義満に讒言し、それが義弘に聞こえて激怒させている。
• When a Korean envoy arrived in Japan in 1398 and presented Yoshihiro with a vast number of gifts, Yoshimasa SHIBA slandered him to Yoshimitsu, saying 'Now Yoshihiro is accepting bribes from Korea,' and when Yoshihiro heard of this slander he was furious.

• 勘定奉行の小栗忠順は幕府が慶應元年（1865年）に横須賀製鉄所の建設を計画した際、その建設費をこの二分判による改鋳利益で賄おうと企てたため、小栗二分金（おぐりにぶきん）とも言われた。
• When Kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance) Tadamasa OGURI planed construction of Yokosuka Iron Factory, he tried to cover the cost by the profit of recasting nibuban, therefore it was also called Oguri nibukin.

• 公務員であった者が、その在職中に請託を受けて職務上不正な行為をしたこと又は相当の行為をしなかったことに関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a person who resigned from the position of a public officer accepts, solicits or promises to accept a bribe in connection with having acted illegally or having refrained from acting in the exercise of his or her duty with agreement thereof in response to a request, the person shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than 5 years.

• ロシアも総理大臣の李鴻章が50万ルーブル、副総理の張蔭桓が25万ルーブルの賄賂を受け取り1896年に秘密協定である露清密約を結び、1898年、遼東半島南端の旅順・大連市の租借に成功する。
• Russia also succeeded in leasing Lushun area and Dalian City, both southern parts of Liaodong Peninsula in 1898 by signing the Russia-Qing secret agreement in 1896 by giving a bribe of 500 thousands rubles to then-Chinese prime minister, Li Hongzhang, and 250 thousands rubles to then-deputy prime minister, Zhang Yinhuan.

• また唐津藩から一部天領に召し上げられた地域があり、地元民には国替えの工作のための賄賂として使われたのではないかという疑念と、天領の年貢の取立てが厳しかったことから、後年まで恨まれている。
• The people in the domain held a grudge against Tadakuni well into later years, because a part of the Karatsu Domain was taken away by bakufu as a shogunal demesne, and they suspected that this was used as a bribe to realize the domain transfer, and they also suffered a harsh tax collection in the demesne.

• 吉良は賄賂をむさぼるのが好きで浅野が賄賂を拒否したために辱められたという記述は徳川実紀にも記されているが、あまり史料価値が高いとは言えない書なので、やはり事実かどうかは不明というしかない。
• Even though it is written in Tokugawa jikki (The True Tokugawa Records) that Kira loved to be bribed and was humiliated when Asano refused to give Kira a bribe, it must be said its credibility is not clear because the document has not much value as a historical material.

• また景勝との講和にあたり跡部勝資・長坂光堅両人が賄賂を受け取ったという逸話があるが、景勝との交渉は信濃方面の責任者・武田信豊 (甲斐武田氏)が行っていることから、俗説である可能性は否定できない。
• There is an anecdote that Katsusuke ATOBE and Mitsukata NAGASAKA received bribe when they made peace with Kabekatsu, but since Nobutoyo TAKEDA (the Kai-Takeda clan) of Shinano area was in charge of the negotiations with Kagekatsu, we cannot deny that this is a myth.

• 江戸時代であれば、この程度の修理は官費で賄えたであっただろうが、明治維新後は廃藩置県によって、長年勤めてきた惣年寄の役職もなく、一市民としては簡単な修理も覚束ないといった窮状に達していたようである。
• In the Edo period, the repair of this magnitude could have been paid for at the public expense but, with abolition of clans and establishment of prefectures coming to effect after the Meiji Restoration, the family no longer had a post of so-doshiyori which they had long served and it seems that, being just ordinary townspeople, they were in desperate straits whereby finding it difficult to afford to keep up with simple repairs.

• 更に内裏や寺社の修理造営に対する負担も公事の一環として諸国の受領に負担を配分したが、その際に受領が自己負担で賄いきれない部分を臨時雑役・国役の名目で民衆に負担させることが許容された（「国衙公事」）。
• Moreover, the building or repairing cost of dairi (Imperial Palace) or temples and shrines were also born by Zuryo of each privince as a part of kuji, and if zuryo couldn't take all of it by themselves, it was allowed for them to impose the rest of the load they couldn't bear to people in name of rinji zoyaku (temporary odd-job tasks) or kuniyaku (public duties) (kokuga kuji).

• 律令期に皇朝十二銭が発行された目的としては、唐の開元通宝を手本とし、貨幣制度を整えるため、また、平城京遷都に必要となる莫大な経費を、銅地金本来の価値と貨幣価値との差額で賄うためということが挙げられる。
• Kocho-Junisen are considered to have been issued for the purpose of setting Japan's currency system in order by modeling the example of the Kaigen-tsuho of the Tang dynasty of China and also for the purpose of raising funds to cover huge costs required for transferring the national capital to Heijo with margins of profit from the value of currency and the original value of copper material.

• 特定業務に従事する特定機関の役員又は職員になろうとする者が、就任後担当すべき職務に関し、請託を受けて賄賂を収受し、要求し、又は約束したときは、役員又は職員になつた場合において、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• If a person who is to be an executive official or personnel of a special agency that conducts the special service accepts, requires or makes a promise of bribes for some request related to the supposed duty, the person shall be punished with a penal servitude not exceeding five years at the point of time when the person becomes an executive official or personnel of the agency.

• このような世相の中、それらが元による都市部の治安の悪化、一揆・打ちこわしの激化により不満が高まり、江戸商人への権益を図りすぎたことを理由に贈収賄疑惑を流されるなど、次第に田沼政治への批判が集まっていく。
• Under these circumstances, people were unhappy due to worsened public peace in urban areas and the intensification of uprisings and destructive urban riots, Tanuma was suspected of bribery because he safeguarded the interests of merchants in Edo, and Tanuma's politics gradually began to be criticized.

• 平野屋寿三郎（ひらのや じゅさぶろう?）・煎餅屋半兵衛（せんべいや はんべえ?）は、共に商人ながらこの年5月の勅使・大原重徳東下の際に士分となり供をしていたが、収賄や横領などを行ったため評判が悪かった。
• Although merchants, Jusaburo HIRANOYA (?) and Hanbei SENBEIYA ?) were raised to a samurai class when Shigetomi OHARA left Kyoto for Edo as an Imperial Envoy in May of the same year (old calendar), and they had attended to him, they had a bad reputation for accepting bribery and embezzlement.

• 新日本プロレスでは1980年代末からの一時期、若手レスラーが「ちゃんこ番が大変です」との理由から、副社長だった坂口征二が調理人を道場の管理人兼任で雇っていた（現在は賄い人と若手レスラーの共同作業という）。
• During a certain period from the late 1980's, in the New Japan Pro-wrestling, Seiji SAKAGUCHI who was the vice president employed a cook serving concurrently as a janitor of the dojo because young wrestlers said 'chankoban is a hard job' (but the cook and young wrestlers cook it together now).

• 一方、贈賄側の日本製糖取締役は、瀆職法、文書偽造罪、委託金費消違反に問われ、東京地方裁判所第四部刑事部が担当で1909年（明治42年）12月6日に判決言い渡しがあり、磯村は重禁固4年、秋山が同3年6ヶ月の実刑。
• On the other hand, the board members of Nihon Seito, the bribery suspects, were charged with violating laws for crimes of corruption, counterfeiting of documents, and consumption of a trust fund (Fourth Criminal Affairs Department of the Tokyo District Court was in charge for this), and Isomura was sentenced to a minimum term of 4 years in prison, and Akiyama was sentenced to a minimum term of 3 years and 6 months in prison on December 6, 1909.

• 従来の炉が調理に手間が掛かっていたために食が賄える人の数はそれほど多くなかったのに対し、竈では高温での連続集中調理で多くの人の食事が賄え、これにより人口の集中が発生、そこに文明が育まれたとみなすことも出来よう。
• While previous cooking hearths could not provide food for a large number of people due to the time and effort required, kamado could supply a lot of people with meals by using high temperature and continuous and concentrated cooking, and this caused the centralization of the population caused by this, and can be seen to have promoted civilization.

• ところが贈賄側に内部対立がおき、1908年（明治41年）4月11日に秋山一裕が検事官舎を訪れ、日本製糖が帳簿操作で不正金を捻出して衆議院議員を買収し、その資金出所を隠蔽した事実を自供した事から世間に明るみに出た。
• However, an internal conflict rose among bribers, and Kazuhiro AKIYAMA visited a prosecutor at the government quarters on April 11, 1908 to confess the fact that Nihon Seito made an illicit fund by a bookkeeping maneuver to bribe the members of the House of Representatives and hid the sources of the fund, a result of which the scandal was brought to light.

• 特定業務に従事する特定機関の役員又は職員であつた者が、その在職中に請託を受けて、職務上不正の行為をしたこと又は相当の行為をしなかつたことに関して、賄賂を収受し、要求し、又は約束したときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a person who was an executive official or personnel of a special agency that conducts the special service accepted, required or made a promise of bribes for some request related to the duty during the person's time in office, and committed fraud or failed to carry out the person's duty in relation to the bribes, the person shall be punished with a penal servitude not exceeding five years.

• 公務員が請託を受け、他の公務員に職務上不正な行為をさせるように、又は相当の行為をさせないようにあっせんをすること又はしたことの報酬として、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• A public officer who accepts, solicits or promises to accept a bribe as consideration for the influence which the official exerted or is to exert, in response to a request, upon another public officer so as to cause the other to act illegally or refrain from acting in the exercise of official duty shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than 5 years.

• これが賄賂好き（後述の様に、現在の賄賂とは意味合いが異なる）な吉良上野介の不興を買い、饗応役に不慣れな浅野内匠頭に対して勅使への音信、増上寺の畳替え、殿中礼服の違いなど事あるごとに苛めたことが原因としているものが多い。
• This Asano's act displeased Kirano Kozuke no Suke who was into bribery (as described later, the term bribe used here has a different meaning than the modern term), and the cause of the incident is thought to be Kira pointing out every single fault to Asano Takumi no Kami, who was not familiar with his position as an attendant such as the ways Asano contacted Inshi, re-covered the tatamis of Zojo-ji Temple and wore different formal dress inside the palace.

• 賄賂の横行や罷免された荻原重秀の独断専行を目の当たりにしていた新井は先に荻原が廃止した勘定吟味役を正徳2年（1712年）に再度設置し、杉岡能連、萩原美雅（ともにのち勘定奉行）を任命し、勘定所自体の綱紀の引き締めを図った。
• Since Arai witnessed widespread bribery and arbitrary decision and execution by Shigehide OGIWARA who was dismissed, Arai revived Kanjoginmiyaku in 1712 that was abolished by Ogiwara earlier and assigned Yoshitsura SUGIOKA and Yoshimasa OGIWARA (both of them became kanjo bugyo [commissioner of finance] later) and strived for tightening up the official discipline in the finance ministry.

• 公務員が、その職務上不正な行為をしたこと又は相当の行為をしなかったことに関し、賄賂を収受し、若しくはその要求若しくは約束をし、又は第三者にこれを供与させ、若しくはその供与の要求若しくは約束をしたときも、前項と同様とする。
• The same shall apply when a public officer accepts, solicits or promises to accept a bribe, or causes a bribe to be given to a third party or solicits or promises a bribe to be given to a third party, in connection with having acted illegally or having refrained from acting in the exercise of the official's duty.

• 会社及び地域会社の取締役、会計参与、監査役又は職員であつた者が、その在職中に請託を受けて、職務上不正の行為をしたこと又は相当の行為をしなかつたことに関して、賄賂を収受し、要求し、又は約束したときは、二年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a person who was a director, audit counselor, auditor or employee of the Company or one of the Regional Companies has received, demanded or promised to receive a bribe in response to a solicitation in connection with such persons having committed an improper act or having omitted a proper act in the course of performing such person's functions while such person was in office, such person shall be guilty of an offense and liable to penal servitude for a term not exceeding two years.

• 監督委員、調査委員、管財人、保全管理人、個人再生委員、管財人代理又は保全管理人代理が、その職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、三年以下の懲役若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• Where a supervisor, examiner, trustee, provisional administrator, individual rehabilitation commissioner, trustee representative or provisional administrator representative, in connection with his/her duties, has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both.

• 財物の没官としては、謀反・大逆者の財産、盗品や賄賂、密貿易などによる不法取得物（その範疇は近代刑法典の贓物よりは狭い）、犯禁の物（民間での所持が禁じられた物）、倍贓（盗品を盗んだ者に対して倍にして償う罰）に対して科された。
• As examples of confiscation of properties, the properties of traitors, possessions, stolen goods, bribes, illegally obtained goods such as goods brought in by contraband trades (what fall under the category of illegally obtained goods here, however, is fewer than that of aganaimono (stolen goods) defined in the modern Penal Codes), and prohibited objects (goods which were banned among the general public) were confiscated, and baizo (the penalty which was given to a thief to recompense by paying back twofold of what he/she stole) was given.

• 運営評価人が作業を開始する始めに、運営評価人が提案する作業範囲への詳細な取組方法を調査し承認し、また運営評価人の費用（専門家の報酬、交通費、滞在費、その他）を賄うためのイーター機構の資源を提案しイーター理事会の承認を求める。
• Examine and approve a detailed approach to the scope of work to be proposed by the Management Assessor at the outset of his/her work, and propose the resources of the ITER Organization to cover the expenses for the Management Assessor (i.e. professional fees, transport, subsistence etc.) for approval by the ITER Council;

• 続いて設立された立憲政友会を与党とする山本権兵衛内閣は軍部大臣現役武官制の廃止など陸海軍の内閣への発言力を弱める改革に着手したが、海軍高官の贈賄事件（シーメンス事件）の影響により再び国民の怒りを買いに内閣総辞職を余儀なくされた。
• The next administration led by Prime Minister Gonbei YAMAMOTO, with Rikken Seiyukai (Friends of Constitutional Government) as mainstream party, worked on reform to curb the influence of the Imperial Army and Navy in civilian government, including the abrogation of the law requiring military-related ministers to be active-duty military officers, but was forced into mass resignation in face of public ire over the corruption scandal involving high-ranking navy officers (Siemens Scandal).

• 彼の行った諸政策を金権政治の一言で切り捨てる向きもあるが、「贈収賄の蔓延がついて回る重商政策を行わずにどうすれば当時破綻寸前だった幕府財政を立て直せたのか？」との問いに万人を納得させる方法論が未だ提起されていないのが実情である。
• The policies he executed were often criticized as 'money politics,' but so far, no reasonable answer has been provided for the question of how the nearly-bankrupt financial affairs of the shogunate government at the time could have been recovered without carrying out mercantilism policies which resulted in bribery.

• 会社及び地域会社の取締役、会計参与、監査役又は職員になろうとする者が、就任後担当すべき職務に関し、請託を受けて賄賂を収受し、要求し、又は約束したときは、取締役、会計参与、監査役又は職員となつた場合において、二年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a person who intends to become a director, audit counselor, auditor or employee of the Company or one of the Regional Companies has received, demanded or promised to receive a bribe in response to a solicitation in connection with the functions such person will assume after such person's appointment, such person shall, where such person becomes such director, audit counselor, auditor or employee, be punishable and liable to penal servitude for a term not exceeding two years.

• しかし、幕府の役職人事が知行高のみならずその職務能力なども考慮して行われるようになると、優秀な人材を抜擢して要職に就けた場合、それに伴う経費の負担をその知行高の範囲では賄いきれない場合もあり、却ってその幕臣が困窮する事態も生じた。
• However, appointment to a post in the bakufu came to be decided taking into account not only Chigyo daka (a stipend in terms of rice production of the estate) but also the functional skill of the person, and on occasions, some excellent samurai were chosen by the Shogun's retainers and installed in important posts, but they could not pay for the expenses associated with the post from their 'chigyo daka' alone and could fall into poverty.

• 次に掲げる者が、その職務に関して、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、三年以下の懲役又は三百万円以下の罰金に処する。これによって不正の行為をし、又は相当の行為をしないときは、五年以下の懲役又は五百万円以下の罰金に処する。
• When any of the following persons, in connection with such person's duties, has accepted, solicited, or promised to accept a bribe, the person shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen. When such person has committed misconduct or failed to conduct an appropriate act due to such a bribe, the person shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than five years or a fine of not more than five million yen:

• 承認管財人、保全管理人、承認管財人代理又は保全管理人代理（次項において「承認管財人等」という。）が、その職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、三年以下の懲役若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• Where a recognition trustee, provisional administrator, recognition trustee representative or provisional administrator representative (referred to as a 'recognition trustee, etc.' in the following paragraph), has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe in connection with his/her duties, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both.

• 破産管財人、保全管理人、破産管財人代理又は保全管理人代理（次項において「破産管財人等」という。）が、その職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、三年以下の懲役若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• Where a bankruptcy trustee, provisional administrator, bankruptcy trustee representative or provisional administrator representative (referred to as a 'bankruptcy trustee, etc.' in the following paragraph), in connection with his/her duties, has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both.

• 忠成同様、賄賂には大変鷹揚なところがあり、但馬国出石藩仙石氏の筆頭家老の仙石左京から6,000両もの賄賂を受け取り、その結果、実弟の分家旗本寄合席・松平主税の娘を左京の息子仙石小太郎に嫁がせたが、これがのちに康任失脚の布石となってしまう。
• Like Tadaakira, Yasuto was very generous about bribery and accepted a bribe of 6,000 ryo from Sakyo SENGOKU, hitto karo (the head of chief retainers) of the Sengoku clan of Izushi Domain in Tajima Province; in consequence, he married a daughter of his brother Chikara MATSUDAIRA, a branch family of hatamoto yoriaiseki (a family rank of high-ranking hatamoto) off to Sakyo's son, Kotaro SENGOKU, which later led to his downfall.

• 特別施行者又は特別施行者である法人の役員若しくは職員であつた者が、その在職中に請託を受けて当該都市計画事業に係る職務上不正の行為をし、又は相当の行為をしなかつたことにつき賄賂を収受し、又は要求し、若しくは約束したときは、三年以下の懲役に処する。
• If any parties that were special project executors or the officers or employees of juridical persons who are special project executors have received or demanded bribes or promised to receive the same for having committed improper acts or having failed to perform required acts during their tenure of office, in response to solicitation, in connection with their duties pertaining to the relevant city planning projects, they shall be punished by imprisonment with work not exceeding three years.

• 商品取引所又は協会の役員（会計参与が法人である場合にあつてはその職務を行う社員とし、仮理事及び仮監事並びに仮取締役、仮執行役及び仮監査役を含む。）又は職員がその職務に関して、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。
• In the case where an officer (in the case where an accounting advisor is a juridical person, a member who performs such duties; including a provisional director, a provisional auditor, a provisional representative director, a provisional executive officer and a provisional corporate auditor) or an official of a Commodity Exchange or an association has received, or requested or promised to receive a bribe with regard to his/her duties, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than five years.

• しかし一般的に言えば、国内に政府の主催のもとで教育を施す資格を持った人が十分いるなら、義務教育法と、それに結びついた費用が賄えない人への国家援助がもたらす報酬の保証のもとで、同じ人たちが自発の原理に基いて、喜んで同じように良質の教育を施すことでしょう。
• But in general, if the country contains a sufficient number of persons qualified to provide education under government auspices, the same persons would be able and willing to give an equally good education on the voluntary principle, under the assurance of remuneration afforded by a law rendering education compulsory, combined with State aid to those unable to defray the expense.13

• 現存する公文書や『令集解』における明法家の説からは、祭祀に使う特殊な陶器を除いた宮中及び官司で用いられる陶器類は調・年料雑器による貢納や正税交易（正税を用いた調達）によって賄われ、筥陶司は中央に集められた陶器の管理・出納業務のみを行っていたと考えられている。
• The theories of existing official documents or scholars of the law in 'Ryonoshuge' (Commentaries on the Civil Statutes) says that earthenwares, used in the Imperial Court or government officials except for special earthenwares used for rituals, were provided by tributes of cho (tributes) and nenryo zakki (ware paid as a tribute) or shozei koeki (provision by shozei [the rice tax stored in provincial offices' warehouse]) and kyotoshi is considered to have only managed and done cashier job for earthenwares collected in the central government.

• この5年間有効の法律を更に1911年（明治44年）まで延長するために改正法案が提出され両院を通過したが、この法律を成立させるために、日本製糖社取締役秋山一裕、磯村音介などが自社の権益を守るために共謀し、有力衆議院議員20名に現金その他を渡して贈賄し買収したものである。
• While the proposed measure of a revised law aiming at further extending this law for five years up to 1911 was introduced and passed in both Houses, the board members of Nihon Seito, such as Kazuhiro AKIYAMA and Otosuke ISOMURA, conspired to bribe 20 influential members of the House of Representatives to enact the legislation in order to protect their own company's interests.

• 第百九十三条（公務員職権濫用）、第百九十五条第二項（特別公務員暴行陵虐）及び第百九十七条から第百九十七条の四まで（収賄、受託収賄及び事前収賄、第三者供賄、加重収賄及び事後収賄、あっせん収賄）の罪並びに第百九十五条第二項の罪に係る第百九十六条（特別公務員職権濫用等致死傷）の罪
• The crimes prescribed under Article 193 (Abuse of Authority by Public Officials), paragraph (2) of Article 195 (Assault and Cruelty by Special Public Officials) and Articles 197 through 197-4 (Acceptance of Bribes; Acceptance on a Request; Acceptance in Advance; Passing of Bribes to a Third Party; Aggravated Acceptance; Acceptance after Resignation of Office; Acceptance for Exertion of Influence), and the crime of causing death or injury through commission of the crime prescribed under paragraph (2) of Article 195.

• 第三十八条において準用する責任制限法第二十七条の規定により選任された管理人又は第三十八条において準用する責任制限法第四十三条第一項の規定により選任された管理人代理がその職務に関し賄賂を収受し、又はこれを要求し、若しくは約束したときは、三年以下の懲役又は百万円以下の罰金に処する。
• If the administrator appointed pursuant to the provision of Article 27 of the Act of Limitation of Liability that is applied mutatis mutandis in Article 38, or the agent of the administrator appointed pursuant to the provision of paragraph 1, Article 43 of the Act of Limitation of Liability accepted, solicited, or promised to accept a bribe in connection with his/her duties, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than 3 years or a fine of not more than 1,000,000 yen.

• 会社及び地域会社の取締役、会計参与（会計参与が法人であるときは、その職務を行うべき社員。以下この条において同じ。）、監査役又は職員が、その職務に関して賄賂を収受し、要求し、又は約束したときは、三年以下の懲役に処する。これによつて不正の行為をし、又は相当の行為をしなかつたときは、七年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a director, audit counselor (where the counselor is a juridical person, an employee thereof who executes the audit duty. Hereinafter the same shall apply in this article.), auditor or employee of the Company and the Regional Companies has received, demanded or promised to receive a bribe in connection with the person's job, this person shall be punishable and liable to penal servitude for a term not exceeding three years Anyone who has committed an improper act or has omitted a proper act thereby shall be guilty of an offense and liable to penal servitude for a term not exceeding seven years.

• その後も年料別納租穀の一部停止と不動穀への転用などの再建策が出されたが効果は無く、康保元年（964年）には令制国に対して不動穀の財源を田租に代わる税より賄うとする新委不動穀制（しんいふどうこくせい）が導入されるが、その実施と管理を令制国側に一任したために、現地ではほとんど実施されずに終わったとみられる。
• Later the Imperial government came up with the reform ideas of stopping a part of the nenryo betsuno sokoku and transfering it to fudokoku; however, there was no effect; in 964 a new rule, Shini Fudokokusei was introduced, determining that the source of fudokoku should be a new tax substituting rice field tax, but the central government left the execution and management of this new rule to the officials in provinces; therefore, it seems to have come to an end before anything was done there.

• また旗本伊勢貞丈が書いた「四十六士論評」（伊勢は弟の浅野長広（一説に浅野長純）から聞き取った話としている）によると「内匠頭は性格が甚だ急な人であり、吉良に賄賂を贈るべしと家臣にすすめられたときには、内匠頭は『武士たる者、追従をもって賄賂を贈り、人の陰を持って公用を勤めることはできない』と述べたという。」
• And Sadatake ISE wrote in '46 feudal retainers' Ronpyo (comment)' (Ise said he had the story from Naganori's brother Nagahiro ASANO [or Nagazumi ASANO, depending on the theory]) that Takumi-no-kami tended to go such extremes that he answered to say, 'I can't offer bribes with flattery and do public work having negative side' when his vassal suggested he should give a bribe to Kira,

• 会社及び地域会社の取締役、会計参与（会計参与が法人であるときは、そ の職務を行うべき社員。以下この条において同じ。）、監査役又は職員が、その職務に関して賄賂を収受し、要求し、又は約束したときは、三年以下の懲役に処 する。これによつて不正の行為をし、又は相当の行為をしなかつたときは、七年以下の懲役に処する。
• When a director, audit counselor (where the counselor is a juridical person, an employee thereof who executes the audit duty. Hereinafter the same shall apply in this article.), auditor or employee of the Company and the Regional Companies has received, demanded or promised to receive a bribe in connection with the person's job, this person shall be punishable and liable to penal servitude for a term not exceeding three years Anyone who has committed an improper act or has omitted a proper act thereby shall be guilty of an offense and liable to penal servitude for a term not exceeding seven years.

• 再生債権者若しくは代理委員又はこれらの者の代理人、役員若しくは職員が、債権者集会の期日における議決権の行使又は第百六十九条第二項第二号に規定する書面等投票による議決権の行使に関し、不正の請託を受けて、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役若しくは五百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• Where a rehabilitation creditor or rehabilitation creditors' representative or their agent, officer or official, in connection with the exercise of a voting right on the date of a creditors meeting or exercise of a voting right by voting by document, etc. prescribed in Article 169(2)(ii), has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe while agreeing to perform an act in response to an unlawful request, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than five years or a fine of not more than five million yen, or both.

• 破産債権者若しくは代理委員又はこれらの者の代理人、役員若しくは職員が、債権者集会の期日における議決権の行使又は第百三十九条第二項第二号に規定する書面等投票による議決権の行使に関し、不正の請託を受けて、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、五年以下の懲役若しくは五百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• Where a bankruptcy creditor or bankruptcy creditors' representative or their agent, officer or official, in connection with the exercise of a voting right on the date of a creditors meeting or exercise of a voting right by voting by document, etc. prescribed in Article 139(2)(ii), has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe while agreeing to perform an act in response to an unlawful request, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than five years or a fine of not more than five million yen, or both.

• 第五十九条第四項の規定により認可を受けて都市計画事業を施行する者（以下「特別施行者」という。）又は特別施行者である法人の役員若しくは職員が、当該都市計画事業に係る職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又は要求し、若しくは約束したときは、三年以下の懲役に処する。よつて不正の行為をし、又は相当の行為をしないときは、七年以下の懲役に処する。
• If any parties that execute city planning projects by obtaining approval pursuant to the provision of Article 59 paragraph (4) (hereinafter referred to as 'special project executors') or officers or employees of juridical persons who are special project executors have received or demanded bribes or promised to receive the same in connection with their duties pertaining to the relevant city planning projects, they shall be punished by imprisonment with work not exceeding three years. If they have committed improper acts or have failed to perform required acts, they shall be punished by imprisonment with work not exceeding seven years.

• 恐らくは、天平16年当時には馬飼雑戸の全面廃止の方針が立てられて実施されたものの、雑戸が関わっていた軍事物資の生産・調達は品部が生産していた奢侈品や高度な製品と違って民間での需要が無かった（あるいは禁止されていた）物が多かったために、その需要を賄うこと及び技術伝承に支障をきたしたと考えられ、「改革路線の見直し・修正」を図ったのが天平勝宝4年であったと考えられている。
• Despite the policy of full-scale abolishment of umakai and zakko developed and implemented in 744, 'review of and changes in the reform path' were pursued in 752 probably because military goods, in the manufacturing and procurement of which zakko had been involved, were usually in no demand from (or forbidden to) ordinary citizens, unlike luxury and sophisticated goods produced by shinabe, which caused problems in meeting the demand for the military goods and in handing down skills.

• 一方、100石から200石程度の小禄の旗本は、小十人の番士、納戸、勘定、代官、広敷、祐筆、同朋頭、甲府勤番支配頭、火之番組頭、学問所勤番組頭、徒（徒士）目付の組頭、数寄屋頭、賄頭、蔵奉行、金奉行、林奉行、普請方下奉行、畳奉行、材木石奉行、具足奉行、弓矢槍奉行、吹上奉行、膳奉行、書物奉行、鉄砲玉薬奉行、寺社奉行吟味物調役、勘定吟味改役、川船改役をはじめとする諸役職についた。
• On the other hand, the governmental posts assumed by the Hatamoto with a small salary of around 100 koku to 200 koku included the following: a member of Kojunin-ban (Kojunin group), Nando, Kanjo, daikan (local governor), hiroshiki (inner apartment supply officer for Edo-jo Castle), Yuhitsu, Doho-gashira, Kofukinban-shihaigashira, Hinoban-kumigashira, Gakumonshokinban-kumigashira, Kumigashira of Kachi-metsuke, Sukiya-gashira, makanai-gashira (chief of cooks), Kura-bugyo, Kane-bugyo, Hayashi-bugyo, Fushinkata-shitabugyo, Tatami-bugyo, Zaimokuishi-bugyo, Gusoku-bugyo, Yumiyayari-bugyo, Fukiage-bugyo, Zen-bugyo, Shomotsu-bugyo, Teppodamayaku-bugyo, Jisha-bugyo-ginmimonoshirabeyaku, Kanjo-Ginmi-aratame yaku (inspector of the documents inspected by assistant minister of treasury) and Kawabune-aratameyaku.

• 作画・仕上げ・美術の工程を国内の複数社に委託することは少なく（作画は関西の制作会社、美術は『CLANNAD』制作時に、『涼宮ハルヒの憂鬱』『らき☆すた』で美術監督を務めた田村せいきが所属するアニメ工房婆娑羅に発注することがあった）、編集・音響を除く工程の一部が子会社のアニメーションDoならびに協力会社の大韓民国のアニメスタジオ「Studio Blue（旧：Ani Village）」よって賄われている。
• It occasionally subcontracts the processes of drawing, finishing and art to several domestic companies (the process of drawing is sometimes subcontracted to a production company in the Kansai region, and during production of 'Clannad' the process of art was subcontracted to Basara animation studio to which Seiki TAMURA, the art director of 'The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya' and 'Lucky Star,' belongs) and some processes other than editing and audio are handled by its subsidiary Animation Do and its cooperative animation studio 'Studio Blue' (formerly, Ani Village) in the Republic of Korea.

• 製造時等検査、性能検査、個別検定又は型式検定の業務（以下この条において「特定業務」という。）に従事する登録製造時等検査機関、登録性能検査機関、登録個別検定機関又は登録型式検定機関（以下この条において「特定機関」という。）の役員又は職員が、その職務に関して、賄賂を収受し、要求し、又は約束したときは、五年以下の懲役に処する。これによつて不正の行為をし、又は相当の行為をしなかつたときは、七年以下の懲役に処する。
• When an executive official or personnel of a registered manufacturing inspection, etc. agency, a registered performance inspection agency, a registered individual examination agency, or a registered type examination agency (hereinafter referred to as "specified agency" in this Article) that conducts manufacturing inspection, etc., performance inspection, individual examination, or type examination (hereinafter referred to as "specified service" in this Article) accepts, requires or makes a promise of bribes related to the duty, they shall be punished with a penal servitude not exceeding five years. Those who have committed fraud or failed to carry out their duty in relation to the bribes shall be punished with a penal servitude not exceeding seven years.

• 承認管財人又は保全管理人が法人である場合において、承認管財人又は保全管理人の職務を行うその役員又は職員が、その承認管財人又は保全管理人の職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、三年以下の懲役若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。承認管財人又は保全管理人が法人である場合において、その役員又は職員が、その承認管財人又は保全管理人の職務に関し、承認管財人又は保全管理人に賄賂を収受させ、又はその供与の要求若しくは約束をしたときも、同様とする。
• Where a recognition trustee or provisional administrator is a juridical person, if the officer or staff member who performs the duties of a recognition trustee or provisional administrator for the juridical person has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe in connection with such duties, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both. The same shall apply where a recognition trustee or provisional administrator is a juridical person and its officer or staff member has caused the recognition trustee or provisional administrator to accept or solicit or promise to accept a bribe in connection with the duties of a recognition trustee or provisional administrator.

• 破産管財人又は保全管理人が法人である場合において、破産管財人又は保全管理人の職務を行うその役員又は職員が、その破産管財人又は保全管理人の職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、三年以下の懲役若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。破産管財人又は保全管理人が法人である場合において、その役員又は職員が、その破産管財人又は保全管理人の職務に関し、破産管財人又は保全管理人に賄賂を収受させ、又はその供与の要求若しくは約束をしたときも、同様とする。
• Where a bankruptcy trustee or provisional administrator is a juridical person, if its officer or official who performs the duties of a bankruptcy trustee or provisional administrator, in connection with the duties of a bankruptcy trustee or provisional administrator, has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both. The same shall apply where a bankruptcy trustee or provisional administrator is a juridical person, and its officer or official, in connection with the duties of a bankruptcy trustee or provisional administrator, has caused the bankruptcy trustee or provisional administrator to accept or solicit or promise to accept a bribe.

• 監督委員、調査委員、管財人、保全管理人又は個人再生委員（以下この条において「監督委員等」という。）が法人である場合において、監督委員等の職務を行うその役員又は職員が、その監督委員等の職務に関し、賄賂を収受し、又はその要求若しくは約束をしたときは、三年以下の懲役若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。監督委員等が法人である場合において、その役員又は職員が、その監督委員等の職務に関し、監督委員等に賄賂を収受させ、又はその供与の要求若しくは約束をしたときも、同様とする。
• Where a supervisor, examiner, trustee, provisional administrator, individual rehabilitation commissioner (hereinafter referred to as a 'supervisor, etc.' in this Article) is a juridical person, if its officer or official who performs the duties of a supervisor, etc., in connection with the duties of a supervisor, etc., has accepted, solicited or promised to accept a bribe, he/she shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both. The same shall apply where a supervisor, etc. is a juridical person, and its officer or official, in connection with the duties of a supervisor, etc., has caused the supervisor, etc. to accept or solicit or promise to accept a bribe.