貴: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 和貴
- Kazuki
- Kazutaka
- Yoritaka
- Waki
- 内貴
- Uchiki
- Uchitaka
- Utsutaka
- Naiki
- 悠貴
- Haruki
- Yuuki
- Yuki
- Yutaka
- 有貴
- Aki
- Aritaka
- Yuuki
- Yuki
- 由貴
- Yuuki
- Yuki
- Yutaka
- Yoshiki
- Yoshitaka
- 友貴
- Tomoki
- Tomotaka
- Yuuki
- Yuki
- 裕貴
- Hiroki
- Hirotaka
- Yuuki
- Yuki
- 祐貴
- Suketaka
- Hiroki
- Yuuki
- Yuki
- 麻貴
- Asaki
- Maki
- Ma Gui (general)
- 貴重な
- golden
- be of value
- precious
- valuable
- valued
- 貴重種
- rare species
- valuable species
- 楊貴妃
- Yang Kwei-Fei (719-756)
- Yang Guifei
- 富貴寺
- Fuukiji
- Fuki-ji Temple
- 東貴博
- Azuma Takahiro (1969-)
- 堂土貴
- Doudo Takashi (h) (1973.8.20-)
- 藤貴子
- Tokiko
- Fuji Takako (h) (1972.7.27-)
- Takako Fuji
- 田中貴
- Tanaka Takashi (h) (1971.6.25-)
- 内博貴
- Uchi Hiroki (h) (1986.9.10-)
- Hiroki Uchi
- 堀義貴
- Hori Yoshitaka (h) (1966.6.20-)
- 鈴木貴久
- Suzuki Takahisa (h) (1963.11.20-2004.5.17)
- 鈴井貴之
- Suzui Takayuki (h) (1962.5.6-)
- 嶺川貴子
- Minekawa Takako (h) (1969.6.3-)
- Takako Minekawa
- 立川三貴
- Tachikawa Mitsutaka (h) (1949.11.15-)
- 貴族社会
- aristocracy
- peerage
- upper-crust
- 如是貴。
- You will respect like this.
- 余貴美子
- You Kimiko (1956.5-)
- Yo Kimiko (h) (1956.5.12-)
- Kimiko Yo
- 富岡久貴
- Tomioka Hisaki (h) (1973.5.8-)
- 浜崎貴司
- Hamasaki Takashi (h) (1965.6.11-)
- 服部尚貴
- Hattori Naoki (h) (1966.6.13-)
- Naoki Hattori
- 富鐘夕貴
- Tomikane Yuuki (h) (1970.7.16-)
- Tomikane Yuki
- 土屋貴子
- Tsuchiya Takako (1966.12-)
- 藤本美貴
- Fujimoto Miki
- Miki Fujimoto
- 藤波貴久
- Fujinami Takahisa (h) (1980.1.13-)
- Takahisa Fujinami
- 藤井貴彦
- Fujii Takahiko (h) (1971.12.3-)
- 田中貴子
- Tanaka Takako (1960-)
- 田原成貴
- Tabara Seiki (h) (1959.1.15-)
- 田中祐貴
- Tanaka Yuuki (h) (1979.6.12-)
- 天田貴子
- Amada Takako (h) (1976.9.19-)
- 田中大貴
- Tanaka Daiki (h) (1980.4.28-)
- 田島貴男
- Tajima Takao (h) (1966.4.24-)
- 田付貴彦
- Tatsuke Takahiko (h) (1972.11.6-)
- 飯泉征貴
- Iizumi Masaki (h) (1976.9.6-)
- 白石貴網
- Shiraishi Takatsuna (h) (1964.11.5-)
- 柏木貴代
- Kashiwagi Takayo (h) (1985.9.3-)
- 白井貴子
- Shirai Takako (1959.1-)
- 柏田貴史
- Kashiwada Takashi
- Takashi Kashiwada
- 福村貴行
- Fukumura Takayuki (h) (1975.1.9-2003.11.26)
- 有岡大貴
- Arioka Daiki (h) (1991.4.15-)
- Daiki Arioka
- 矢野貴章
- Yano Kishou (h) (1984.4.5-)
- Kisho Yano
- 堀江貴文
- Horie Takafumi (1973-)
- Takafumi Horie
- 万永貴司
- Man'ei Takashi (h) (1972.7.7-)
- 豊田和貴
- Toyoda Kazutaka (h) (1971.9.1-)
- 片平夏貴
- Katahira Natsuki (h) (1961.12.10-)
- 片石貴子
- Kataishi Takako (h) (1974.7.2-)
- 平野俊貴
- Hirano Toshiki (h) (1956.10.3-)
- 峰井貴史
- Minei Takashi (h) (1953.3.12-)
- 野仲美貴
- Nonaka Miki (h) (1978.3.25-)
- 明貴美加
- Akitaka Mika (h) (1964.4.17-)
- 野村貴仁
- Nomura Takahito (h) (1969.1.10-)
- 野宮真貴
- Nomiya Maki (h) (1960.3.12-)
- Maki Nomiya
- 木村貴志
- Kimura Takashi (h) (1968.1.25-)
- 未来貴子
- Miki Takako (h) (1962.11.24-)
- 貴金属粉末
- exotic powdered metal
- 富貴寺大堂
- Fukidera Temple Big Hall
- 冷泉貴実子
- Reizei Kimiko (1947.7-)
- 櫻谷由貴花
- Sakuratani Yukika (h) (1988.7.26-)
- 貴金属の粉
- precious metal powder
- 貴船の川床
- The Kibune Riverbed
- 牧原由貴子
- Makihara Yukiko (h) (1978.2.3-)
- 野間口貴彦
- Nomaguchi Takahiko (h) (1983.5.31-)
- Takahiko Nomaguchi
- 貴族院議員
- Members of Kizokuin (the House of Peers)
- Member of House of Peers
- 貴金属のくず
- precious metal scrap
- 信貴山真言宗
- Shigisan Shingon sect
- 南海貴志川線
- Nankaikishigawasen
- スペインの貴族
- don
- Spanish nobility
- 那賀郡貴志川町
- Nagagunkishigawachou
- 町長:太田貴美
- Mayor: Atsumi OTA
- 軍事貴族の官職
- Posts of Military Aristocrats in the Government
- 尚美館(貴賓館)
- Shobi-kan (guest house):
- 武豊富貴工業団地
- Taketoyotomi Industrial Park
- 高貴な身分ゆえの義務
- noblesse oblige
- 楊国忠(楊貴妃の兄)
- Yang Guo-zhong (elder brother of Yang Guifei)
- 信貴山縁起(院政期)
- Shigisan Engi (legends of Mt. Shigi) (in the Insei period)
- 貴社の瑕疵に対する保証
- warranty against vendor defects
- 王侯貴族の家に生まれる
- be born in(to) the purple
- 山高きがゆえに貴からず
- The true value of a thing lies in its substance, not in its appearance.
- 貴金属類(真珠は可。)
- Precious metals (pearls are acceptable)
- 竜車:高貴な者の乗り物
- Ryusha: (It represents) a carriage for the nobles
- 叡山電鉄鞍馬線貴船口駅
- Kifuneguchi Station of Kurama Line, Eizan Electric Railway
- 軍事貴族としての安倍氏
- The Abe Clan as Military Aristocracy
- 私が貴方の願いを叶える。
- I will grant your wish.
- 王や親などの貴人の髑髏。
- A skull of a person of high rank such as a king or a parent.
- 安倍氏 (貴族)(2家)
- The Abe clan (nobles) (two families)
- 貴族・公家・華族の家柄。
- The Koga family achieved the rank of nobility, court nobility and hereditary peerage.
- 金、銀、白金その他の貴金属
- gold, silver, platinum, and other precious metals
- 特権審議(貴族院令第8条)
- The discussion on the privileges (Article 8, the Decree for the House of Peers)
- Xで貴方の人生が変わります。
- X will change your life.
- 貴金属その他の物品の保護預り
- Taking safe custody of precious metals and other articles.
- 高貴な身分に伴う徳義上の義務
- noblesse oblige
- 環境モデル都市事業(貴陽)
- Guiyang Environment Model City Project
- 皇族及び貴族身分出身の僧侶。
- Monks of aristocratic or imperial lineage.
- 平安時代は中堅貴族であった。
- The Kiyohara clan was a nobility of middle rank during the Heian period.
- 以来、中堅貴族として活躍する。
- Thereafter, it was influential as a middle-ranked nobility.
- 賃金上昇と物価騰貴のような悪循環
- vicious spiral
- 西本宮(大宮(大比叡))大己貴神
- Nishihongu (Daigu (Daihiei)) Oonamuchinokami
- 願名…聞名生貴の願・生尊貴家の願
- Title: Monmyoshoki no gan and Shosonkike no gan
- 橘成季 - 鎌倉時代の下級貴族。
- TACHIBANA no Narisue: Lower-class aristocrat in the Kamakura period.
- 兄弟:建皇子・川島皇子・志貴皇子
- His brothers: Prince Takeru, Prince Kawashima, and Prince Shiki.
- 朝護孫子寺 - 信貴山真言宗総本山
- Chogosonshi-ji Temple - Grand head temple Shigisan Shingon sect (信貴山真言宗総本山)
- 皇女や貴族の息女が住職となる寺院。
- The temple of which a princess or a daughter of nobility becomes a chief priest.
- 後西天皇の第6皇子、貴宮秀憲親王。
- He was Imperial Prince Takanomiya Hidenori, the sixth son and of the Emperor Gosai.
- 既存仏教勢力や貴族勢力に距離を置く
- it is also said that, distancing the capital from the established groups of Buddhist monks and nobles,
- 志貴皇子の正妃となり春日王を生む。
- She became the lawful wife of the Prince Shiki, and gave birth to the Prince Kasuga.
- 朝護孫子寺法主・信貴山真言宗管長歴代
- Successive generations of head priests of Chogosonshi-ji Temple/chief abbots of Shigisan Shingon sect
- 貴実子夫人は、同文庫事務局長である。
- Madame Kimiko is the Secretary General in the same organization
- 橘公長 - 平安時代末期の武家貴族。
- TACHIBANA no Kiminaga: Samurai aristocrat in the late Heian period.
- 橘公業 - 鎌倉時代初期の武家貴族。
- TACHIBANA no Kiminari: Samurai aristocrat in the early Kamakura period.
- 院政を支えたのは中級貴族層であった。
- It was the middle rank of nobles who supported the Cloister government.
- 貴族住宅が寝殿造の様式で建てられた。
- The houses for nobles were constructed in the Shinden-zukuri style (architecture representative of a nobleman's residence in the Heian period).
- 有価証券、貴金属その他の物品の保護預り
- Safe deposit of securities, precious metal or other goods;
- Taking safe custody of securities, precious metals, and other articles;
- Safekeeping of securities, precious metals and any other articles
- 大学別曹は、貴族の衰勢と共に衰微する。
- The Daigakubesso lost their power as the strength of the aristocracy waned.
- 大江(おおえ)氏は古代から近世の貴族。
- The Oe clan were nobles from ancient times until early modern times.
- (昭和14年成立)東・西半木町、貴船町
- (Established in 1939) Higashi Hangi-cho, Nishi Hangi-cho, Kibune-cho
- これも最古の貝合記録として貴重である。
- This is also a valuable text, being the earliest record of kaiawase.
- 真言や天台は貴族との結びつきが強かった。
- The Shingonshu sect and the Tendaishu sect were closely linked to the nobility.
- 十七代当主 徳川家正(公爵、貴族院議長)
- Iemasa TOKUGAWA, the seventeenth family head, who was a prince and president of Kizokuin.
- 華族その他の貴族の制度は、これを認めない。
- Peers and peerage shall not be recognized.
- 平安時代には貴族の一般的な乗り物であった。
- During the Heian period, it was a popular vehicle for the aristocracy.
- 歌舞伎(既婚女性、平安貴族、遊女、芸者役)
- Kabuki (Roles of married women, aristocrats of Heian era, prostitute, or geisha)
- 壬生基泰(もとやす)も貴族院議員を務めた。
- Motoyasu MIBU also served as the member of House of Lords.
- 橘則光 - 公家貴族、歌人、橘敏政の長男。
- TACHIBANA no Norimitsu: Court noble aristocrat, waka poet, TACHIBANA no Toshimasa's first son.
- TOPページに貴サイトの広告が表示されます。
- The advertisement for your website will display on the top page.
- 貴族のようにひどく酔ってのようにひどく酔って
- drunk as a lord
- 貴人物(絃上 (能)、 来殿、松山天狗など)
- Atebito-mono (literally 'tale of a noble') (such as 'Kenjo,' 'Raiden,' 'Matsuyama tengu')
- 「お歯黒」というのは日本の貴族の用語である。
- 'Ogaguro' (tooth black) is a term used by the aristocracy in Japan.
- 鎌倉時代にさかのぼる多宝塔として貴重である。
- It is significant that the tahoto pagoda dates back to the Kamakura period.
- 討議の結果『貴族』と『名族』が候補に残った。
- After discussions, 'kizoku' and 'meizoku' remained.
- 室町公大(きんもと)は、貴族院議員を務めた。
- Kinmoto MUROMACHI served as a member of the House of Lords.
- 平安時代から貴族の別荘地として当地は栄えた。
- This place thrived as a noblemen's villa since the Heian period.
- 平安時代の貴族の邸宅の典型は、寝殿造りである。
- The typical residence of aristocracy in the Heian period was built in the Shinden-zukuri style.
- これらを通して藤原実頼ら貴族との関係も深める。
- Through these activities he also deepened the relationship with aristocrats such as FUJIWARA no Saneyori.
- 平安時代には貴族の住まいとして寝殿造が成立した。
- In the Heian period, Shinden-zukuri style was established for nobles' residences.
- 著名人では御厨景や御厨さと美や御厨貴などがいる。
- Kei MIKURIYA, Satomi MIKURIYA, and Takashi MIKURIYA are famous examples.
- 7月7日:水祭り - 貴船神社(京都市左京区)※
- July 7: Water Festival - Kibune-jinja Shrine (Sakyo ward, Kyoto City) *
- 『常陸風土記』にも「初國所知美麻貴天皇」とある。
- The Hitachi no Kuni Fudoki also refers to Emperor Sujin as Hatsukuni Shirasumiki no Sumera Mikoto.
- 志貴皇子とは斎宮退下後に結婚したものと思われる。
- It is likely that she married the Prince Shiki after she resigned from saigu.
- 高貴な女性某のために、求道のあるべき姿を示した書。
- It was a book written to show a certain noble lady an ideal way for seeking spiritual truth.
- 通称は富貴君(ふきぎみ)、富美君(ふみぎみ)など。
- Her common names were Fukigimi, Fumigimi, and such.
- 明治23年(1890年) 貴族院 (日本)に列席。
- In 1890, Imperial Prince Fushimi Sadanaru presented to at The House of Peers of Japan (In Japanese, Kizokuin).
- 貴族院 (日本)に在職中だった柳田國男も参列した。
- Kunio YANAGITA, who was in the House of Peers, was also present.
- しかし分家の島津忠良の子・島津貴久が本家を継いだ。
- However, Takahisa SHIMAZU who was a son of Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, a branch family, inherited the head family.
- ヨーロッパの鵜飼いはあくまで貴族の物だったのである。
- Ukai in Europe was dominated by the aristocracy.
- 天一(天乙)貴人上神 家在丑 主福徳之神 吉将大无成
- 天一(天乙)貴人上神 家在丑 主福徳之神 吉将大无成
- 当初は受領層の貴族と同じく四位止まりの家柄であった。
- At the beginning, the family's pedigree was Shii (Fourth Rank) at the most, just like the nobilities of provisional governor rank.
- 菅原(すがわら)氏は、日本の古代から近世までの貴族。
- The Sugawara clan was a noble family that existed from ancient to early-modern times in Japan.
- 東を鞍馬川、西を貴船川に挟まれた尾根が南北に連なる。
- It is located between Kurama-gawa River and Kibune-gawa River, with its ridge extending in the north-south direction.
- 中央から軍事貴族が派遣され、在庁官人が実務を担った。
- Military nobles were sent from the capital, and local officials (zaicho-kanjin) were in charge of the day-to-day business operations.
- 柔仁で儒者を好み、貴賎を問わずしきりに恩勅を下した。
- He was calm and collected, liked Confucian scholars and often granted imperial clemency irrespective of the subject's social standing.
- 大学別曹とは、平安時代の貴族(公家)の教育機関である。
- Daigaku-besso were the academic facilities for nobles in the Heian period.
- 貴族などの上流階級においては、持仏を持つものもあった。
- Some of the upper crust including aristocracy used to possess their own personal Buddha statues.
- 基本的に皇室や藤原氏などの貴族仏教としての性格を持つ。
- Basically, it had the characteristics of an aristocratic Buddhism for the Imperial Court and the Fujiwara clan.
- 信貴生駒スカイラインを利用すれば車で登ることができる。
- It can be accessed by car via Shigi-Ikoma Skyline.
- なお、皇族の身分を離れたことで貴族院議員の職も失った。
- Because he lost his membership in the Imperial family, he also lost his membership in the House of Peers.
- 弊社のベテランスタッフがしっかりと貴方をサポートします。
- Our experienced staff will firmly support you.
- 例えば色においても、白は高貴なもの、紅は若い女性を示す。
- For instance, the color white denotes nobility, and bright red denotes a young woman.
- 参議までの上級貴族・賀茂祭の使いや入内する女房が使った。
- It was used by upper class nobles with at least the rank of Sangi (Consultants), messengers at the Kamo Festival, and nyobo (court ladies) when they entered court service.
- 徳川宗敬(一橋徳川家に養子、貴族院副議長、参議院議員。)
- Muneyoshi TOKUGAWA (adopted into the Hitotsubashi Tokugawa family; the deputy chairman of the House of Peers; a member of the House of Councilors)
- 中原氏(なかはらし)は日本の古代から近世までの貴族の氏。
- The Nakahara clan was a group of noble families sharing the same ancestor, which existed from ancient times to the early-modern times in Japan.
- これにより京都の貴族の間に熊野詣が行われるようになった。
- The pilgrimage to Kumano Sanzan among court nobles came to be common in Kyoto after this.
- 高貴な皇女の多くがそうであったように、終生未婚であった。
- Like many other noble ranking princesses, she was not married for her entire lifetime.
- 美萬貴天皇(みまきのすめらみこと) - 『常陸国風土記』
- Mimaki no Sumera Mikoto: Hitachi no Kuni Fudoki (the topography of Hitachi Province)
- 母方が下級貴族であったために立太子は望まれていなかった。
- Since his maternal family was lower-ranking nobles, no one wanted him to be the investiture of the Crown Prince.
- 山中で無償で入手できる薪に比べ、木炭は貴重な存在であった。
- Charcoal was precious compared with wood, which could be obtained without cost in mountains.
- そこで彼の衣服の裏に高価で貴重な宝珠を縫い込んで出かけた。
- Then, he sewed a valuable gem into the inside of the clothes of the sleeping man and left the house.
- 宇治平等院鳳凰堂は当時の貴族の浄土信仰の代表的遺構である。
- Hoo-do Hall (the Phoenix Pavillion) of Byodo-in Temple in Uji is a representative legacy of the Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith) of the nobility.
- 俊章は貴族院_(日本)、陸軍少将、山形県知事などを務めた。
- Toshiaya filled various posts including as a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers), Army Major General and the Governor of Yamagata Prefecture.
- 第6世 巨勢是重(こせの これしげ)・・・・・ 広貴の子。
- The sixth head of the family (school): KOSE no Koreshige, Hirotaka's son
- 第5世 巨勢広貴(こせの ひろたか)()弘高・広高と同じ。
- The fifth head of the family (school): KOSE no Hirotaka (広貴) (Note that Hirotaka may also be written in different kanji as 弘高 or 広高).
- これが桓武平氏の起こりで、子孫は代々中流貴族として栄えた。
- This is the beginning of Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan), and its descendants were prosperous as the middle class noble men for generations.
- 幼称は富貴宮(ふきのみや)、または茶々丸(ちゃちゃまる)。
- He was called Fukinomiya or Chachamaru when he was a child.
- 寝殿造(しんでんづくり)は、平安時代の貴族住宅の様式である。
- Shinden-zukuri is a style of architecture used in aristocratic mansions in the Heian period.
- 実際に、貴族や寺院が富み栄える一方、農民層の負担が激増した。
- Actually, the aristocratic class and temples prospered and grew wealthy, while burdens to the farmers increased tremendously.
- 晩年は、福貴寺(奈良県川西町)を建立してそこに隠棲している。
- In his later years, he built Fukidera Temple (Kawanishicho, Nara Prefecture) and lived there in seclusion.
- 公家(くげ)とは、日本において朝廷に仕える貴族・官人の総称。
- Kuge is a general term to refer to nobles and government officials who serve chotei (Imperial Court) in Japan.
- その後、島津貴久の息子の島津義久の指揮の下、薩摩・大隅を統一。
- Later, under the control of Yoshihisa SHIMAZU, a son of Takahisa SHIMAZU, Satsuma and Osumi were unified.
- 軍事貴族は、当然ながら軍事面で朝廷に貢献することが求められた。
- Needless to say, military aristocrats were required to contribute to the Imperial Court in military affairs.
- なお、主要な貴重書の影印は『陽明叢書』として逐次刊行されている。
- It is publishing with photograph of major valued books as 'Yomei Sosho' (Yomei Collection of Books).
- 平安時代の貴族と庶民の服装・食事・住居について解説パネルを展示。
- Descriptive panels explaining clothes, food, and residences of nobles and common people in the Heian period are displayed.
- やがて、寝殿造りの貴族の邸宅にも、室礼が設けられるようになった。
- Later, Shitsurai came to be set up in an aristocrats' residence of Shinden-zukuri as well.
- また、貴族達が狩猟や遊興を行う風光明媚な地としても有名であった。
- Further, Toba was a known for it's fine view and as a place where noblemen enjoyed hunting and recreation.
- 橋数は、皇族など高貴な女性は39橋で、女官は38橋が普通である。
- Usually, 39 slates were used for high-class women such as Imperial family, and 38 slates for court ladies.
- 3月には妹・島津貴子が、明仁親王の学友だった島津久永と結婚した。
- The Imperial Princess Suga-no-miya Takako, the younger sister of the Crown Prince Akihito (the present Emperor Akihito), married Hisanaga SHIMAZU on March 1960, who was a Crown Prince's schoolmate.
- 1776年(安永5年)に河内の高貴寺(南河内郡河南町)に入寺した。
- In 1776, he joined Koki-ji Temple (Anan-cho, Minamikawachi-gun) in Kawachi.
- 十六代当主 徳川家達(田安徳川家、徳川慶頼の子。公爵、貴族院議長)
- Iesato TOKUGAWA, the sixteenth family head, who was a son of Yoshiyori TOKUGAWA of the Tayasu-Tokugawa family, and also was a prince and president of Kizokuin.
- 越後府知事、東京府知事を経て、元老院議官、貴族院_(日本)となる。
- He served as the Governors of Echigo Prefecture and Tokyo Prefecture and proceeded to become a councilor of the senate and join the House of Lord.
- 特にこの貴船は避暑地として有名な為、夏には渋滞が起きることもある。
- Kibune, in particular, is famous as a summer resort and the traffic sometimes gets jammed in summer.
- オリジナルの壁画が焼損した今では、この写真が貴重な資料となっている。
- After the original murals were damaged by the fire, these full-scale photographs became important materials.
- このような武家と仏教界の接近は貴族文化及び武士文化の影響を及ぼした。
- This coming together of samurai and Buddhist society influenced both aristocratic and samurai culture.
- 十三代(侯爵、のち公爵) 徳川圀順 (日本赤十字社社長、貴族院議長)
- The thirteenth (a marquis, and later a duke): Kuniyuki TOKUGAWA (the President of the Japanese Red Cross Society; the president of the House of Peers)
- 順昭も英明で、信貴山城を本拠にして木沢長政と戦い、遂には大和を統一。
- As bright as his father, Junsho set his base at Shigisan-jo Castle to fight against Nagamasa KIZAWA, and finally united Yamato Province.
- 平氏政権の支配に対して、貴族・寺社層から反発が出されるようになった。
- Aristocracy, temples and shrines rebelled against the Taira clan government.
- 貴族の邸宅に見られる寝殿造、書院造も平屋建てを前提とした様式であった。
- Shinden-zukuri style buildings and shoin-zukuri style buildings for noblepersons' residences were also one-storied.
- 万里小路通房は、明治維新後、伯爵に叙せられ、侍従、貴族院議員を務めた。
- After the Meiji Restoration, the peerage of count was conferred on Michifusa MADENOKOJI and he served as a jiju (a chamberlain) and a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).
- 中央貴族として栄えた源氏として村上天皇の皇子を祖とする村上源氏がある。
- An example of a Minamoto clan who gained power as central noble is Murakami-Genji, who was descended from the princes of Emperor Murakami.
- 阿倍氏(あべし、後に安倍氏)は古代日本の豪族に由来する貴族の氏の一つ。
- The Abe clan (the original kanji used for the Abe clan was 阿部氏, later 安倍氏) was one of the nobles derived from Gozoku (local ruling family) of ancient Japan.
- 平安時代には物資の運搬のほか、貴族の庭園に水を引くためにも用いられた。
- In the Heian period, this river was used for supplying water to nobles' gardens as well as for carrying cargoes.
- 開発領主の中には、地方へ国司として下向して土着した下級貴族も多くいた。
- Among kaihatsu-ryoshus, many took their post as kokushi in the local regions and became indigenized lower-ranking nobles.
- 大理石に宝石、貴石を散りばめた廟で、イスラム建築の至宝とも言われている。
- As a mausoleum set with gems and precious stones in marble, the Taj Mahal is also cited as the jewel of Islamic architecture.
- 高橋祐子、吉田麻衣子、中山知紗、梶本麻貴の4名で、各日2名ずつ登場した。
- The group consisted of four girls, Yuko TAKAHASHI, Maiko YOSHIDA, Chisa NAKAYAMA and Maki KAJIMOTO, and two of them appeared for each day.
- 水汲み石は貴人の手水の時に、従者が水を汲んで差し出すときに乗る石である。
- It is a stone on which an attendant steps when he or she serves a scoop of water to his or her master to wash the hands.
- これらは昭和期の貴重な建造物として、国の登録有形文化財に登録されている。
- These are valued architecture from the Showa period and are designated as National Registered Cultural Properties.
- 射は古代中国において 六芸の一つに数えられ、貴族層に必須の素養とされた。
- Sha shooting was one of the six arts in ancient China and was considered to be an essential quality among the noble hierarchy.
- これは平安時代の日本に伝わり、貴族の間に極楽往生を求める信仰が広まった。
- It was transmitted into Japan during the Heian period, and the religion seeking gokuraku ojo (peaceful death) spread among the aristocracy.
- 基本的に高位の貴族は14~15歳で成人し、40歳以上で老人とみなされる。
- Basically, high-ranked nobles were regarded as grown up at the age of 14 or 15, and as elderly after 40.
- こうして軍事貴族と在地の豪族との間には、主従関係が徐々に築かれていった。
- As a result, subordinate-superior relationships were gradually established between military aristocrats and gozoku (local ruling families).
- また、特別収蔵庫に保管する糸井文庫などの貴重な資料も閲覧することができる。
- Furthermore, precious materials such as Itoi-bunko stored in a special storage area can also be viewed.
- この結果番組面で劣った富貴は競争に負け、ストリップ劇場に転向してしまった。
- As a result, Fuki was defeated in the competition because of its poor programs, and it was converted into a strip club.
- 鎌倉時代は、武士が貴族から権力を奪い、力を着々とつけていた時代でもあった。
- The Kamakura period was a time when the samurai were usurping power from the nobility and gradually gaining strength.
- この頃になると貴族や上流階級の邸宅には襖がかなり普及していたと判断できる。
- Apparently, around this time, fusuma had spread widely in a residences of aristocracy and the upper-class.
- 貴顕社会との交流を重視した師真雅に対して、華美や権勢と一定の距離を置いた。
- While his mentor, Shinga had importance for intercommunion with aristocratic society, Shobo kept himself detached from the society.
- その後、法華堂は皇族や貴族などの墓所などに立てられる堂を指すようになった。
- Later, Hokke-do changed to mean a hall that is built in graveyards of the Imperial family and nobility.
- 以降、橘氏は受領クラスの中下流貴族となり、中には地方に土着する者も現れた。
- After that, the Tachibana clan was degraded to be a middle-lower aristocracy belonging to the social class equivalent to that of Zuryo (the head of the provincial governors), and some of the families of the clan began to be settled in rural provinces.
- 御所号とは天皇家及び将軍など貴人の住居及びその人の尊称として許された称号。
- The gosho-go is an honorific title which refers to nobles such as the Imperial Family and shogun as well as their residences.
- これは貴族の邸宅の形式である寝殿造が寺院建築に取り入れられたものと見られる。
- This is believed to have been an adaptation of Shinden-zukuri architecture, a style of a nobleman's residence, into temple architecture.
- 現代日本社会において和の風雅を感じさせてくれる場所として貴重な存在といえる。
- Ryokan are valuable because they provide an element of Japanese artistic elegance in modern Japanese society.
- 平安中期以降は貴族の邸宅では、母屋に置かれた帳(ちょう)に寝るようになった。
- After the mid-Heian period, in an aristocrat's residence, people slept in cho in the main house.
- 1889年の大日本帝国憲法により、華族は貴族院 (日本)となる義務を負った。
- According to the Constitution of the Empire of Japan established in 1889, each kazoku class member was obliged to become a member of Kizokuin.
- 橋本実斐(さねあや)は、貴族院議員、内務省参与官、文部省政務次官を歴任した。
- Saneaya HASHIMOTO served as a member of the House of Lords, the Counselor of the Internal Ministry, and the Vice-Minister of the Education Ministry.
- 議員の一部は貴族院内で研究会などの会派を作り、政治上にも大きな影響を与えた。
- Some members of Kizokuin formed factions through gathering at workshop or other meetings within Kizokuin, and such faction exerted powerful influence on the politics.
- また山麓は平安時代から近代にかけて、京都の皇族・貴族や武士の保養地であった。
- Also, this area on the foot of the mountains were health resort catering to the Imperial family, nobility and samurai in Kyoto from the Heian period to the modern times.
- また北部には鞍馬寺・貴船神社・三千院・岩倉具視幽閉跡・修学院離宮などがある。
- In the northern part of the ward, Kurama-dera Temple, Kifune-jinja Shrine, Sanzen-in Temple, the site where Tomomi IWAKURA was once confined, and Shugakuin Rikyu (Shugakuin Imperial Villa) are also located.
- 祭祀に際しては貴族が派遣されることになっており、その役目を荷前の使と呼んだ。
- Nobles who were sent to attend mausoleum rituals were known as 'nosaki no tsukai' (messengers sent to pay tributes).
- 落窪物語:継子いじめに苦しむ姫が貴公子と結婚して幸せになるまでを描いた物語。
- Ochikubo Monogatari (The Tale of Ochikubo): The tales in which the Princess, after suffering from harassment from her stepmother, got married with a Prince and lived happily with him.
- 古くより貴族の邸宅や寺院、官舎などに見られ、現在でも御所や寺院などで見られる。
- Many such mud walls were built around aristocratic residences, temples or government quarters from olden days and even now they can be seen around the Imperial Palace and temples.
- 1899年(明治32年)には第一次宗教法案が貴族院に提案されたが、否決された。
- The first draft law on religion was proposed in the House of Peers in 1899, but was rejected.
- これにより、平安仏教は皇室や貴族の現世利益をかなえる宗教という性格を強くした。
- This Heian Buddhism was characterized by the strong desire to fulfill the worldly interests of the Imperial Family and the nobility.
- 議長:内海貴夫(所属会派:自由民主党京都市会議員団、2007年5月17日就任)
- Chairperson: Takao UTSUMI (party affiliation: Kyoto City Assembly Members of the Liberal Democratic Party, inaugurated on May 17, 2007)
- 上皇は特別華麗な生地の直衣も用いたが、一般には貴族と同じく白浮線綾丸文固地綾。
- The retired emperor sometimes wore Noshi made with a special elegant fabric, but generally it was same as court noble's Noshi, such as shiro fusenryo marumon kataji aya.
- 越前の朝倉氏は一向一揆を退けて本拠の一乗谷に京の貴族を迎えるなど栄華を極めた。
- The Asakura clan in Echizen was at the height of its prosperity as it defeated ikko ikki and received nobles from Kyo in Ichijotani, which was the base of the clan.
- 軍事貴族の「武家」としての職能はこの国衙軍制の中で十二分に発揮されたのである。
- In this military system, military aristocrats as 'samurai families' demonstrated more than enough capabilities.
- さらに、南北時代には貴族が住宅を喜捨して、そのまま寺院となったものが多く現れた。
- Furthermore, during the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties (China) there were many cases where aristocrats donated their houses, which then became temples.
- 「貨物」とは、貴金属、支払手段及び証券その他債権を化体する証書以外の動産をいう。
- The term 'goods' shall mean movables other than precious metal, means of payment, securities or other certificates embodying claims.
- ただ、この曲輪はそのような名称より、城郭的に貴重な天守台の祖形が指摘されている。
- However, the shape of the tenshudai (raised foundation upon which the principal tower was constructed), which was an important part of a castle, has been remarked upon as being more significant than the compound's name.
- だが、南北朝時代 (日本)以後の貴族社会の衰退とともに宿曜道も没落の道を辿った。
- However, Sukuyodo went to ruin in accordance with a decline of the noble society after the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- 主に歌劇中の女性貴族の持ち物として用いられ、劇中の華やかさを彩る物となっている。
- Mostly, a Hane-sensu is employed as an item carried by a noblewoman appearing in a musical and adds more opulence to the play.
- 宮中や貴族たちの信任が厚く、1096年(嘉保3年)1月には牛車宣旨を賜っている。
- He had the deep trust of the imperial court as well as nobility, and was granted 'gissha no senji' (special permission from the emperor to enter the imperial palace in an ox-drawn cart) in January 1096.
- 源信 (僧侶)著の往生要集では観想念仏の重視が説かれており、平安貴族に流行した。
- In Ojoyoshu, written by Genshin (a priest), Kanso Nenbutsu was accorded high value and was therefore popular among aristocrats during the Heian period.
- 上から灌頂・法王子・童真・不退・正信・具足方便・生貴・修行・治地・発心の10位。
- The 10 ranks from the highest are as follows: Kanjo, Abhiseka; Being the prince of the law; Being Buddha's son; Non-retrogression; The whole mind as Buddha's; Perfect expedience; Acquiring the seed of Tathagata; Unobstructed cultivation; Clear understanding and mental control; Setting objectives.
- 天明の大火(1789年)で相国寺も全焼し貴重な典籍の再収集や再建に尽力している。
- Shokoku-ji Temple was also completely destroyed in Great Fire of Tenmei (in 1789), and energetically he worked to re-collect and reconstruct valuable books.
- こうした院家からは凡僧は排除されて皇族・貴族身分の学侶だけが止住を許されていた。
- Ordinary monks were excluded from such inge sub-temples, with only scholar monks of aristocratic or imperial lineage permitted to reside within.
- 中原 頼季(なかはら の よりすえ、生没年不詳)は、平安時代末期の貴族・明法家。
- NAKAHARA no Yorisue (year of birth and death unknown) was a late Heian-period nobleman and legal scholar.
- 飛鳥時代から平安時代初期にかけて有力豪族・上級貴族として繁栄した多治比氏がある。
- His descendant clan was Tajihi clan, which flourished from the Asuka period to the early Heian period as a dominantly powerful family and a high-ranked aristocracy.
- 江戸時代には、鬼門の方向への造作・移徙(わたまし:貴人の引越)は忌むべきとされた。
- During the Edo period, when building a house or when noble people move, the direction of the kimon was considered to be best avoided.
- 1951年(昭和26年)、高野山真言宗から独立し、翌年、信貴山真言宗が認証された。
- The Shigisan Shingon sect became independent of the Koyasan Shingon Sect in 1951, and the next year it was certified as a religious corporation.
- 奈良朝の造像としては、金箔・彩色が表面に非常によく残存しており、貴重な存在である。
- It is a very precious statue made in the Nara period, with gold foils and colors preserved extremely well on the surface.
- 景観の悪化や、貴重な照葉樹林の損失など、むしろ弊害が大きく批判の対象となっている。
- Adverse effects including devastation of scenery and loss of precious laurel forest are prominent and it is subject to criticism.
- 都は磯城瑞籬宮(しきのみずかきのみや、奈良県桜井市金屋の志貴御県坐神社が伝承地)。
- The imperial capital was based around Shikino Mizukaki Palace (now Shikinomi agataniimasu-jinja Shrine in Kanaya, Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture).
- 「相模の野に燃え立つ火の中で、わたしの心配をしてくださった貴方」という意味である。
- This poem means: 'You who were worried about me when we were surrounded by the flaming fire in the fields of Sagami.'
- 結局、美濃部は不敬罪の疑いにより取り調べを受け(起訴猶予)、貴族院議員を辞職した。
- He ended up being inspected on suspicion of lese majesty (suspension of prosecution) and resigned as a member of the House of Peers.
- 初期仏教では仏法(教え)を貴び、またインドの慣習儀礼に基づき像を造ることがなかった。
- In Buddhism's early days, Buddhist doctrine was valued so statues were not created based on the Indian customs and religious observances.
- 王朝貴族の料紙(りょうし)ばかりではなく、実用的なさまざまな加工紙が京で加工された。
- Not only ryoshi for the royalty and nobility but also various papers for practical use were processed in Kyoto.
- 郡山藩主・柳沢保光の支援を受け、高貴寺の堂舎を整備し、この寺を正法律の本山と定めた。
- With the support of Yasumitsu YANAGISAWA, a feudal lord of the Koriyama clan, he repaired the temple buildings of Koki-ji Temple and selected this temple as the head temple of Shoboritsu.
- 藤原道長の子藤原顕信が行円を師と仰いで出家するなど、貴賤を問わず多くの信者を集めた。
- He attracted many believers of a variety of rank, such as FUJIWARA no Akinobu, a son of FUJIWARA no Michinaga, who became a priest with Gyoen as his mentor.
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 壽終之後 生尊貴家 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not be reborn into noble families after death, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- シルクロード研究に関しては特に調査成果を残し、貴重な遺物・古文書を日本に持ち帰った。
- The team achieved good results, especially from the survey of the Silk Road, and they brought precious relics and old documents back to Japan.
- 中院通規により京都大学に中院家代々の貴重な文書類が寄贈され、中院文庫と名付けられた。
- Precious documents handed down by successive generations of the Nakanoin family were donated to Kyoto University by Michinori NAKANOIN and named Nakanoin bunko.
- オランダ、スペインなどにおいても、貴族としての儀礼称号が法定推定相続人に与えられる。
- Ceremonial titles are given to apparent heirs as nobles in the Netherlands, Spain, and other countries.
- 同時期、新京極には富貴 (寄席)新京極の富貴があり、京都随一の寄席として盛業していた。
- Around that time, Fuki (Yose) of Fuki Shinkyogoku was located in Shinkyogoku and it prospered as a leading Yose in Kyoto.
- 豊かな色彩感覚は、染め紙では高貴やかな紫や艶かしい紅がこのんで用いられるようになった。
- From the plentiful senses of color, noble purple and attractive deep reds were preferred for dyed paper.
- 皇族・平安貴族(元服・裳着後(袴着後の少年少女もする場合あり)、男女、未既婚を問わず)
- Royalty and Heian aristocrats (in Genpuku and Mogi (coming-of-age ceremony) (for both boys and girls after putting on the hakama (Japanese skirt for formal wear), regardless of gender and whether he/she is married or not).
- その時代には仏の法力が及ばず、世界が破滅すると考えられ、貴族も庶民もその到来に怯えた。
- During those days, the power of Buddha was not effective and the world was thought to end and both the aristocracy and ordinary people were worried about its coming.
- 非人・らい病者から後嵯峨上皇・亀山上皇・後深草上皇に至るまで貴賎を問わず帰依を受けた。
- He accepted anyone's conversion to Buddhism regardless of their social standings, from Hinin (those in the lowest rank of caste system) and lepers to the Retired Emperors Gosaga, Kameyama, and Gofukakusa.
- 朝廷や貴族・寺社などに金銭などを払う代わりに営業や販売の独占権などの特権を認められた。
- These guilds were granted the privilege of exclusive rights to market and sell in exchange for payment to the Imperial Court, nobles, temples, and/or shrines.
- 浄土信仰は京の貴族に深く浸透し、国風文化の仏教建築、仏像、絵画などにその影響を残した。
- Jodo sect became widespread in the nobles living in Kyoto and influenced Buddhist architecture, statues and painting inspired by Kokufu-bunka.
- 5月ごろから9月ごろまで、鴨川、貴船、高雄、鷹ヶ峯など京都市内各地で楽しむことができる。
- From around May to September, it is possible to enjoy this in various places in Kyoto city such as Kamogawa, Kibune, Takao, and Takagamine.
- 1096年には、京都の人々が田楽に熱狂することがあり、天皇にも貴族たちがその様をみせた。
- In 1096, people in Kyoto became enthusiastic about Dengaku and the aristocracy arranged performances for the Emperor.
- 1016年(長和5年)藤原道長の法華三十講の講師となって以来、朝廷の貴族の間で活躍した。
- Since he had served as the lecturer at the Thirty Lectures of the Lotus Sutra held by FUJIWARA no Michinaga in 1016, he was active among the Imperial Court aristocrats.
- 当時の教育は、貴族や郡司の子弟を対象にするなど、一部の人々にしか門戸を開いていなかった。
- Targeting only the children of nobles or gunji, education at that time was only for a limited number people.
- 華族(かぞく)とは、1869年から1947年まで存在した日本近代の貴族階級のことである。
- Kazoku indicates the noble class that existed in modern Japan from 1869 to 1947.
- その後は明智光秀の与力大名として久秀討伐(信貴山城の戦い)、一向一揆討伐などで活躍した。
- After that, Junkei helped Mitsuhide AKECHI as Yoriki Daimyo (territorial lord who supports other lords) to make military achievements including the expedition of Hisahide (the Battle of Shigisan-jo Castle) and the expedition of Ikko sect's revolts.
- これはもっぱら元服の時に高貴な人の子息が使用しているが、平安末期以降の所用例は見えない。
- This style was used by the children of people with high rank at the coming-of-age ceremony, but there was no record of this style being used since the end of the Heian period.
- このため古くから、鳥羽には貴族達の別邸が建ち並び、市が立つなど、都市として発達していた。
- Because of this, many villas belonging to noblemen stood side by side, and Toba also had markets on specific days and it was developed like a small city from olden times.
- 山腹には明日香村の保全に尽力した犬養孝氏揮毫の万葉歌碑(志貴皇子(巻1-51))がある。
- On the side of the hill, there is a stone monument on which a Manyo poem (a poem included in 'Manyoshu' [Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves]) (by Prince Shiki; Volume 1, No. 51) is inscribed in calligraphy by Takashi INUKAI who worked for the conservation of the Asuka village.
- その他の大木も貴重な木材として生えている状態から1本単位で藩や代官に登録され、管理された。
- Other species of trees growing in the woods were also registered one by one as precious future timber and controlled by the domain or Daikan (local governor).
- 実用性を重視し、簡素な造りであり、貴族文化に対抗した武家にふさわしい住宅様式と考えられた。
- With importance placed on practicability, the simple style was considered to be fitting as residences for samurai as opposed to aristocratic culture.
- 管長(朝護孫子寺法主が兼ねる。宗派の代表役員。信貴山内大本山の住職が1年交代で就任する。)
- Chief abbot (Doubled by the head priest of Chogosonshi-ji Temple, the chief abbot is a representative staff of the sect and the chief priests of the head temples in Mt. Shigi take turns assuming the post each year.)
- また、財産基盤が貧弱であった堂上貴族は旧堂上華族保護資金令により、国庫からの援助を受けた。
- And some kazoku from Toshoke (high court nobles) having trouble with financial bases were given financial helps from the national treasury by the Decree for the Trust for Protecting the former Tosho kazoku.
- 憲法は貴族院でも審議されたが、華族制度については衆議院で可決された原案通りに通過している。
- The House of Peers deliberated on the drafts of the Constitution of Japan as well, and as for the kazoku system, they approved the original plan which the House of Representatives had already approved and did not make any modifications to it.
- 初期の武士身分は諸大夫身分の軍事貴族と、侍身分の一般武士のふたつの階層から構成されていた。
- The position of bushi originally had two classes, the militaristic aristocracy with the position of shodaibu, and the ordinary bushi with the position of samurai.
- 周防の大名・大内義隆が京の貴族を多数招いて山口を京都化することに尽力したのはその例である。
- It is an example that Yoshitaka OUCHI, who was a daimyo in Suo, tried to make Yamaguchi similar to Kyoto by inviting many nobles from Kyo.
- 当時の時代背景から考えると、貴族など裕福な者たちが、寺社を建て仏像・絵像を寄進し、礼拝した。
- Considering the historical background, rich people such as nobility constructed temples, donated statues and pictures, and prayed.
- 現存しているものも多く、一般庶民でも家系や歴史を追跡できる史料として貴重なものとなっている。
- Many Shumon Ninbetsu Aratame Cho are still extant, serving as valuable documents that enable scholars to examine even the lineage and family history of ordinary people.
- 徳川美術館では、源氏物語絵巻をはじめとする尾張徳川家伝来の貴重な文化財を保存し公開している。
- There, valuable cultural properties that had been handed down in the Owari Tokugawa family, including Genji Monogatari Emaki (illustrated hand scrolls of the Tale of Genji), are preserved and exhibited.
- 京都市街の西に位置し、平安時代に貴族の別荘地となって以来、京都の代表的な観光地となっている。
- Arashiyama, located in the west of urban area of Kyoto City, has represented sightseeing areas in Kyoto ever since noble families used this place as a resort area in the Heian period.
- - 鬼室福信が貴智らを遣わして唐の俘百余人を献上し、援兵を求め、皇子の扶余豊璋の帰国を願う。
- - Fukushin KISHITSU sent Kichi with about 100 Tang slaves as tribute, asking for reinforcements and the return of Prince Buyeo Pung.
- 鎌倉時代から大正時代に至る800年に亘って作成された家文書がまとまって伝存する点で貴重である。
- Variable because a set of 800 family's document written from the Kamakura period to the Taisho period exist today.
- この頃には、阿弥陀信仰は貴族社会に深く浸透し、定印を結ぶ阿弥陀如来と阿弥陀堂建築が盛んになる。
- At that time, the Amida worship had deeply spread within the aristocracy and Amida Nyorai statues with Jo-in (samadhi mudra, gesture of meditation) and the building of Amida Buddha halls were popular.
- 宮中や貴族の法会にしばしば列席し、正暦年間(990年-995年)に内供奉(ないぐぶ)となった。
- He often attended Buddhist meetings held in the Imperial court or by aristocracy, and served as naigubu (a special monk who holds a position in the Imperial court) from 990 to 995.
- 日本では平安中期以降、女性の救済を説く法華経の普及によって、主に貴婦人たちからの信仰を集めた。
- In Japan from the middle of the Heian period, it was worshipped mainly by noble women in accordance with the prevalence of Hoke-kyo Sutra, which preaches women's relief.
- 「貴金属」とは、金の地金、金の合金の地金、流通していない金貨その他金を主たる材料とする物をいう。
- The term 'precious metal' shall mean gold bullion, gold alloy bullion, gold coins out of circulation, or other objects principally made of gold.
- また、城門には望楼が併設されるのが常であったため、これらも貴重な楼閣遺構として見ることが出来る。
- Since it was also customary that a boro (watch tower) was placed in a castle gate, you can see boroes as important relics of rokakus as well.
- 1928年、勅選により貴族院議員となり、第1次近衛内閣で拓務大臣、1938年には内閣参議に就く。
- In 1928, he became a member of the House of Peers by imperial selection and was designated as the minister of Colonial Ministry (Takumu-sho) of the first Konoe cabinet; in 1938, he was assigned the post of Naikaku sangi (advisor to the cabinet).
- 氷河期からの生き残りとされる生物と温暖地に生息する生物が共存しており、学術的にも貴重な池である。
- Living things that are presumably survivors from the Ice Age and those that make the warm-temperature region their habitat coexist here, making Midoroga-ike Pond a pond of scientific value.
- 嵯峨天皇が嵯峨離宮(後の大覚寺)を建てたりするなど多くの貴族はこの地に馴染み、また嵐山に遊んだ。
- Emperor Saga built Saga-rikyu (Imperial villa) (later Daikaku-ji Temple) and many other nobles adopted the area, enjoying themselves in Arashiyma.
- 「三宮」(后位)と総称して「院宮」といい、更に、有力貴族・寺社を含めた総称を院宮王臣家といった。
- 'In' and 'Sangu' (the Empress, the Dowager Empress, the Grand Dowager Empress) are collectively referred to as 'Ingu' and, further including dominant nobilities, temples and shrines, they were collectively termed Ingu oshinke.
- そして1577年、上杉謙信の能登国・加賀国侵攻に呼応して、再び謀反を起こし信貴山城に立て籠もる。
- In 1577, in response to Kenshin UESUGI's invasion of Noto-no-kuni and Kaga-no-kuni, Hisahide raised a rebellion again and was shut up within Shigisan Castle.
- また、太上天皇(太上法皇)を意味する院ないし有力貴族、寺社と総称して院宮、院宮王臣家ともいった。
- In addition, it was also referred to as In meaning the retired emperor (or cloistered retired emperor) or, collectively with dominant nobilities and temples and shrines, as Ingu (imperial lady) or Ingu oshinke (a general term for imperial families and nobles who gathered strength by approaching the Emperor's power).
- この時代の文人で、中級貴族でもあった慶滋保胤は念仏結社「勧学会」を興し、浄土教信仰の実践に入った。
- YOSHISHIGE no Yasutane, a literati of that time who was also a middle class aristocrat, started the Nenbutsu kessha 'Kangakukai' and started to practice Jodo Sect religion.
- 2003年、十八代当主徳川恒孝は、宗家の貴重な遺産を管理するため、財団法人徳川記念財団を設立した。
- In 2003, the eighteenth family head Tsunenari TOKUGAWA established Tokugawa Memorial Foundation to manage the family's valuable heritage.
- 全体に絵具の剥落・退色が目立つが、現存遺品の少ない平安時代前期、9世紀の仏教絵画の大作として貴重。
- In whole, peeling off and fading of pigment is noticeable, but they are very precious as big pieces of Buddhist painting in the early Heian period, ninth century, for which the number of existing relics is small.
- 輸出又は輸入をしようとする支払手段等の種類、数量、金額(貴金属にあつては、重量)及び仕向地又は積出地
- Kind, quantity, amount (for precious metal, weight), and destination or place of shipment of the means of payment, etc. to be imported or exported
- 貴族的・華麗な足利義満の北山文化に対して、幽玄、侘び・寂びに通じる美意識に支えられていると評される。
- As opposed to the aristocratic and gorgeous Kitayama culture, it is regarded as a culture based on the aesthetic feeling which leads to mysterious profundity, wabi (a clear and silent taste found in simplicity) and quiet simplicity.
- 台座の蓮弁(蓮の花弁)に線刻された、華厳経の世界観を表わす画像も、天平時代の造形遺品として貴重である。
- A graphic representing the world view of the Kegon-kyo (Avatamsaka Sutra) engraved on the renben (lotus petal) of the pedestal is valuable as an artifact in Tenpyo period.
- そして、「重要文化財」のうちで日本文化史上特に貴重なものがあらためて「国宝」に指定されることになった。
- Among these important cultural properties, the particularly valuable items with historical significance in Japanese culture were re-designated as national treasures.
- 貴族政権から武家政権へと移り変わる新しい時代の幕開けで、日本史上、最も仏教が繁栄した時代の到来である。
- This was the beginning of the age when the government changed from the aristocrats to the warrior class and was the time when Buddhism was at its height in Japanese history.
- この形式の二重塔で近世以前にさかのぼるものはきわめて少なく、徳島県の切幡寺塔婆はその貴重な遺例である。
- There were very few two-story pagodas of this style before pre-modern times; the one at Kirihata-ji Temple in Tokushima Prefecture may be a rare example.
- 882年(元慶6年)に嵯峨野は「禁野」とされ、以後貴族・文人などによる山荘・寺院建立が相次ぐ事になる。
- After Sagano was designated as 'Kinya' (imperial hunting field) in 882, many nobles and literary men started to build their villas and temples in the area.
- (ただ、『栄花物語』には「やん事なく心苦しく思ひ申させ給へり(高貴な妃として大切にされた)」とある。)
- (However, in the 'Eiga Monogatari' (the Tale of Glory), it is described that 'Imperial Princess Keishi was treated kindly as a noble.')
- 通常、上皇・皇太子以下男性貴族は公的な場に冠・私的な場に烏帽子を対応する平安装束と共に使い分けていた。
- Generally, retired emperors, princes, and male nobles wore Court caps at official occasions and eboshi (formal headwear for Court nobles) at private occasions, with matching Heian costumes respectively.
- 12世紀に入ると、有力貴族などが特定の国の租税収取権を保有する知行国制がひろく実施されるようになった。
- In the 12th century, Chigyo kokusei (proprietary province system) was widely performed: in this system, influential aristocrats owned the authority to collect taxes from certain provinces.
- 平安初期には空海によって真言宗が、最澄によって天台宗がもたらされ、貴族の仏教信仰に大きな影響を与えた。
- In the early Heian Period, Shingon sect was introduced by Kukai, Tendai sect by Saicho, which greatly influenced the noble's belief in Buddhism.
- 特に皇族や上級貴族は袴着を済ませた少年少女も化粧やお歯黒、引眉を行うようになり、皇室では幕末まで続いた。
- Especially for the royal families and high-ranked aristocracy, the boys and girls were dressed up in Hakamagi (ceremony fitting child with a hakama - Japanese skirt) with make-up, blackened teeth and Hikimayu (painted eyebrows), this lasted until the end of Tokugawa Shogunate period.
- 大山 (鳥取県)信仰に関する貴重な史料のひとつで上巻21話、下巻22話の全43話の説話が収録されている。
- It is one of the important historical materials concerning the faith of Daisen (Tottori prefecture), which consists of 21 folktales in the first volume and 22 in the second volume, that is, 43 in all.
- 当時、皇后を輩出した臣下氏族は藤原氏のみであり、橘氏からの立后は貴族社会における橘氏の地位を上昇させた。
- Until that time, the Fujiwara clan was the only clan among the Imperial retainers and clans that had produced those empresses, and therefore, the fact that an empress was born from the Tachibana clan elevated the position of the Tachibana clan in the aristocratic society.
- 810年代のうちは右大臣藤原園人主導のもと、有力貴族・寺社を抑制し貧民救済を重視する政策がとられていた。
- During 810's, Udaijin (minister of the right), FUJIWARA no Sonohito took the initiative in policies that controlled powerful peerage and temples, shrines, and focused on relief of the poor.
- 中期以降においても、一条天皇、白河天皇などの愛好者が現れたが、天皇自身よりも貴族層による鷹狩が主流となる。
- After the mid-Heian Period, Emperor Ichijo and Emperor Shirakawa favored Taka-gari, but it was mainly practiced by aristocrats rather than Emperors.
- 最澄(伝教大師)の得度や受戒に関わる文書類3点を一巻としたもので、最澄の伝記資料としてきわめて貴重なもの。
- This is a highly valuable biographical document on Saicho (Dengyo Daishi), which is a scroll comprised of three writings concerning his tokudo (entering the Buddhist priesthood) and jukai (receiving the religious precepts).
- 明治時代の雑誌や戦後の貸本などの貴重な歴史資料、現代の人気作品、世界各国の名作など約20万点を所蔵している。
- It contains a collection of around 200,000 items, including important historical materials such as Meiji-period magazines and rental books of the postwar period, modern popular comics, and masterpieces around the world.
- 蹴鞠は貴族だけに止まらず、天皇、公家、将軍、武士、神官はては一般民衆に至るまで老若男女の差別無く親しまれた。
- Not only aristocrats, but also the emperors, Court nobles, shogun, samurai, Shinto priests, and the general public, irrespective of age or gender, also liked kemari.
- 「阿弥陀如来のことを思う」というのは事観の念仏である「観相念仏」であり、これがまず下級貴族に受け容れられた。
- Thinking about the Amida Nyorai' was 'Kanso Nenbutsu,' the tangible meditative training to reach enlightenment, and was first accepted by the lower class aristocracy.
- しかし近年の軍事貴族研究の進展とともに、安倍氏を王朝国家特有の「兵(つわもの)」と見る考え方が登場している。
- However, in accordance with the progress of the studies in recent years on the military aristocracy, a view to regard the Abe clan as 'Tsuwamono' (soldiers) characteristic of the Imperial Court State have emerged.
- これに対応して行政機構も太政官と大弁官が並立し上層官僚貴族には実質的な権力を伴わない納言の官職が与えられた。
- For this reason, Daijokan (Grand Council of State) and Daibenkan (Major Controller) conducted the affairs of state and the position of Nagon without any practical power was given to the bureaucrats of high rank.
- 白河上皇は、自らの政策を企画・遂行するために中流貴族を院司とし、また院独自の軍事力として北面の武士を置いた。
- The retired Emperor Shirakawa, in order to design and carry out his policy, made middle-class aristocracy Inshi (official of the In no cho, or Retired Emperor's Office), and placed Hokumen no Bushi (the Imprerial Palace Guards) as his own military force.
- 国内外の漫画に関する貴重な資料を集める日本初の総合的な漫画ミュージアムとして2006年11月25日に開館した。
- The museum was opened on November 25, 2006 as the first comprehensive manga museum in Japan and houses valuable domestic and overseas materials regarding cartoons and comics.
- この他、平安時代などに於ける貴族階級で上位の階級の者が親しい階級の者に下賜するときの贈答品としても用いられた。
- Among nobles in society, during the Heian period, a senior-ranked person, from a noble class, used to give a Sensu to a lower-ranked person as a gift.
- このことは貴族などごく限られた人々しか家の紋章を用いないヨーロッパ各国とは、対照的な事例であると言えるだろう。
- This was in stark contrast to European countries, where only aristocrats could use a crest.
- また、この書物で説かれた厭離穢土、欣求浄土の精神は貴族・庶民らにも普及し、後の文学思想にも大きな影響を与えた。
- The spirits of onri-edo (abhorring this impure world) and gongu-jodo (seeking rebirth in the Pure Land) preached in this book also spread among the nobility and common people, having a big influence on literary thought later.
- 釈尊(釈迦)が説法をしていたところ、地中から七宝(宝石や貴金属)で飾られた巨大な宝塔が出現し、空中に浮かんだ。
- When Sakyamuni (Shaka) was preaching, a huge hoto (treasure pagoda) decorated with seven treasures (jewels and precious metals) appeared from the ground and floated in the air.
- しかし獄舎の中では貴重な水を手ぬぐいに浸して額を冷やし、不動明王の霊咒を唱えて看病すると、次第に素直になった。
- However, he came to open his mind, after Shinjo looked after him, when he was sick, by cooling his forehead with a towel soaked with water valuable in a jail, and chanting ryoju of Fudo Myoo.
- そのため、高層マンション建築など急速に進む都市開発は、貴重な借景を壊してしまう懸念材料になると危惧されていた。
- So, there was concern that rapid urbanization, such as the construction of high-rise condominium buildings, might cause the destruction of such valuable borrowed landscapes.
- 禅の修行が厳しく、師家のほうでも敢えて禅人を苦しめるのは、富貴で平穏あれば仏道を求めることが困難だからである。
- The reason why the ascetic practices of Zen are strict and masters daringly afflict Zen practitioners, is that a rich and happy person finds it difficult to seek Buddhism.
- 中国において貴重な経典が失われる事件があったとき、大典は慈周とともにこの寄贈を果たしたというエピソードがある。
- There was an episode in which, when a highly valued Buddhist scripture disappeared in China, Daiten and Jishu donated this gift.
- 平安時代後期にさかのぼる日本霊異記の古写本で、同書の中・下巻の現存最古本として、日本文学史上貴重なものである。
- These are precious documents for the history of Japanese literature, as the oldest existing manuscripts of the second and third volumes of the Nihon Ryoiki, which was written in the late Heian period.
- 2003年、徳川宗家第18代当主徳川恒孝は、宗家の貴重な遺産を管理するために、財団法人徳川記念財団を設立した。
- In 2003, Tsunenari TOKUGAWA (18th generation clan chief of the Original Tokugawa family line) established the Tokugawa Memorial Foundation to manage the precious Tokugawa legacy.
- また、干拓地の北側にある宇治川堤防堤防の構造地の源内は、西日本では有数のヨシ群落であり植生の面でも貴重である。
- Additionally, Gennai, the construction site of Uji-gawa River Dike on the north side of the reclaimed land, is home for one of the greatest reed vegetation in western Japan and is also valuable in terms of plant life.
- 系図に名の見える男性官人には、実名とともに生母・官歴・没年月日と享年の注記を含む略伝が付され、最も貴重である。
- For male government officials, the genealogical tables contain real names and abbreviated biographies, including mother's name, official position, date of death, age at death and footnotes, making the book an extremely valuable source of information.
- だが、後世に後半の「母以子貴」の部分が強調されて、母親及びその親族に対する尊重の意味に捉えられるようになった。
- However, the later part of '母以子貴7 was emphasized later, and people understood it as respect for the mother and her relatives.
- 明治維新以降、国民の間では民法の影響で一夫一妻制が浸透したので、皇族や貴族の中においても一夫一妻制が広まった。
- Since monogamy spread through the people of the country from the influence of civil law after the Meiji Restoration, it also spread through Imperial family and nobility.
- 年中行事絵巻や「源氏物語絵巻」などに描かれるものが典型的な形で、貴族の優美な生活にふさわしいものとなっていった。
- Shinden-zukuri were typically depicted in picture scrolls of annual events and 'the Picture Scroll of the Tale of Genji,' and they characterized the graceful lives of aristocrats.
- なおいわゆる下品は、この用法から、中国の貴族社会における下等の家柄や地位を下品と呼ぶようになったことに由来する。
- The word of so-called gehin, which refers to the family in the lower class and the lower position in aristocracy, originates in this classification.
- なお、貴人が乗る乗用のものを(ぎっしゃ)、荷物を運搬するものを(ぎゅうしゃ)と、呼び分けるとしている辞書もある。
- There are some dictionaries that call the ones for noble passengers 'gissha' and the ones for carrying a load 'gyusha.'
- これらが慣例化してやがて、「門跡」自体が「貴族」出身者によって継承される特定の院家・寺院を指す称号へと変化した。
- This became a custom, and soon 'Monzeki' itself was changed to mean the title of the specific temples to which people from the 'nobility' succeeded.
- 「雍州府志」では、暗部山は貴船山のことであるという説を先に挙げながらも、鞍馬山を暗部山とする説もあるとしている。
- In 'Yoshu-shoshi' (another book describing various aspects of Yamashiro Province), it holds first that Mt. Kurabu indicates Mt. Kibune, but it also offers another opinion that Mt. Kurama is Mt. Kurabu.
- 左京区側の麓にある川床で有名な貴船はこの芹生峠を越えた人が休憩を取り、服装を正した茶屋のようなものから始まった。
- Kibune, famous for its Kawayuka (Riverside Summer Terrace), located at the foot on the side of Sakyo Ward, started as something like a chaya (a rest house) where people who came over the Seryo-toge Pass took a break and got fixed.
- 特に貴船側は20°以上の急勾配の上、ヘアピンカーブが連続する区間があり、大型車は1度で曲がりきれないこともある。
- Particularly on the side of Kibune, there is a spot where the hill is as steep as 20 degrees or more with successive sharp hairpin curves, where a large-sized vehicle cannot make a turn at the first try.
- 『栄花物語』によれば、頼通の父藤原道長は、両親共に皇族の高貴な隆姫との縁談を「男は妻がらなり」と歓迎したという。
- According to 'Eiga monogatari' (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes), FUJIWARA no Michinaga, Yorimichi's father, was pleased with his son's marriage with Takahime, whose parents were Imperial Family, saying 'The future of a man depends on his wife.'
- 10世紀前期に従来の租税収取体系が変質したことに伴い、権門層(有力貴族・寺社)は各地に私領(私営田)を形成した。
- With the change in the tax collecting system in the 10th century, influential classes (influential aristocracy, temples and shrines) took over private land (shieiden: lands directly governed by such powers) in many places.
- 平氏政権は、貴族社会の中で成立したが、各地に地頭や国守護人を設置するなど最初の武家政権としての性格を持っていた。
- Although the Taira clan government was established under an aristocratic society, it had some similarities to the first military government, such as the setting up of jito (manager and lord of manor) and provincial officers in many places.
- 富豪層は院宮王臣家(皇族、有力貴族)と墾田開発などを通じて関係を結び、一般百姓層を自らの影響下へ置き始めていた。
- The millionaires became related with Ingu oshinke (imperial families and nobles) through the reclaimed land development, and began to put common peasants under their influence.
- 明治30年代、京都鉄道会社(現在の山陰本線)の創設者で貴族院議員である田中源太郎が自らの生家を改築したものである。
- In around 1897 to 1906, Gentaro TANAKA, who was the founder of the Kyoto railway company (present Sanin Main Line) and a member of Kizokuin (the upper house of the Imperial Diet under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan), reformed the house where he was born into the present form.
- 膨大な消息はのちに『他阿上人法語』8巻にまとめられたほか、歌人として京洛の貴顕とまじわり、歌集に『大鏡集』がある。
- As well as extensive information about him being later compiled in volume 8 of 'Taa Jonin Hogo' (Buddhist sermon of Taa Jonin), he mixed with eminent members of Kyoto Society as a poet, and published his work in a compilation entitled 'Daikyo-shu.'
- 衆議院において政府に反対する勢力が多くを占めることを予想して、貴族院 (日本)に衆議院と同等の権限を持たせている。
- Considering the members of the House of Representatives would be mostly anti-government, they gave the Kizokuin (House of Peers) similar authority to the House of Representatives.
- さらに領家から、皇族や摂関家などのより有力な貴族へ寄進されることもあり、最上位の荘園領主を本家(ほんけ)といった。
- And some ryokes donated to more powerful aristocrats such as Imperial Families or sekkan-ke and the highest ranking lord of shoen was called honke (the owner of the highest-graded patches of land under the stratified land ruling structure of shoen).
- 12世紀中期頃には貴族社会内部の紛争が武力で解決されるようになり、そのために動員された武士の地位が急速に上昇した。
- Around the middle of the 12th century, conflicts among the aristocracy were solved by force, which increased the status of warriors who were recruited solely for this purpose.
- その後、杮葺・茅葺・瓦葺など屋根葺工法の中で最も格式の高い技法として、貴族の住居や寺社仏閣に使用されるようになった。
- Since then, the cypress bark roof began to be used for residences of aristocrats, Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines being considered the most prestigious examples of roofing techniques, including kokera-buki (roofing with thin wood shingles), thatching, and tiling.
- このように天然の物を保管するしかない時代、夏場の氷は貴重品であり、永らく朝廷や将軍家など一部の権力者のものであった。
- During an age when only natural ice was available, only those in power, such as the imperial court and shogun families could use ice during the summer because it was valuable.
- 笙の楽家の統秋が、笙を中心とした雅楽、舞楽についての記録をまとめたもので、古い時代の雅楽についての貴重な記録である。
- This is a valuable record of Gagaku in the old days, in which Muneaki from a Raku family of Sho flute compiled the records of Gagaku, mainly about the Sho flute and Bugaku (gagaku piece with dance).
- しかし、島津氏の内紛を収めた島津貴久の反撃を受け衰退し、茂清の子の蒲生範清の代に降伏し、以後は島津氏の家臣となった。
- However, Takahisa SHIMAZU who had succeeded in ending the internal conflict launched a counterattack, the Gamo clan gradually declined, and at last Shigekiyo's son Norikiyo GAMO surrendered; after that, the Gamo clan served the Shimazu clan as vassal.
- 事績に不明な点が多く、686年(朱鳥元年)8月に志貴皇子と共に封200戸を加えられたが、以後の消息は分かっていない。
- Most of his achievements are unknown, and his life after he and Shiki no miko (the Prince Shiki [志貴]) were granted 200 households of fuko (residential units [ko] assigned as fiefs [fu] to support top-ranking officials, temples, shrines, and royal households such as those of the queen-consort and crown prince) in 686 is unknown.
- 明治9年12月、ドイツの貴族の未亡人ベルタと婚約、明治政府に対し結婚の許可を申し出が、政府は難色を示し帰国を命じる。
- In December 1876, he got engaged to Berta, a German dowager, and asked the Meiji Government to permit marriage, but the government expressed disapproval of his marriage and ordered him to return to Japan.
- 平安時代の貴族の葬儀は、仏教寺院で行い僧侶が念仏し墓に卒塔婆を立てるなど、大きく仏教的な影響を受けたものになっていた。
- In the Heian period, court nobles f'unerals were greatly influenced by Buddhism as they were held at Buddhist temples, priests chanted Buddhist invocations, and stupas were set up at the sides of gravestones.
- 貴族の邸宅や寺院建築に「遣戸」が主として外回りの隔て建具として使用され始めたが、間仕切りとしても使用されていたようだ。
- The 'Yarido' began to be used mainly as an external partition for aristocrats' residence or in architecture for temples, but it seems to have been used as an inner partition as well.
- 京都市右京区嵯峨にある大覚寺は、嵯峨天皇が離宮の苑池として作ったものの遺構とされ、平安時代初期庭園の貴重な遺構である。
- The Daikaku-ji Temple at Saga, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City is said to be the remains of the garden of an imperial villa built by Emperor Saga, thus the remains are a valuable example as a form of gardens from the early Heian period.
- この時代は貴族の摂関政治が衰え、代わって武士が台頭しつつある動乱期で、治安の乱れも激しく民衆の不安は増大しつつあった。
- In this period, the warrior class was increasing its power while regency of nobility was declining and people's anxiety was growing due to the unstable and dangerous society.
- 旧姓名は松尾勝彦であったが、為任長女冷泉貴実子の婿として第25代当主を継承するために、家裁手続きを経て現姓名に改めた。
- Tamehito was originally called Katsuhiko MATSUO but, on marrying Kimiko REIZEI, Tameto's daughter, changed his name through the family courts to become the twenty-fifth head of the Reizei family.
- しかし、討幕の功労者足利尊氏(高氏)とは相容れず、討幕後も上洛せず信貴山(奈良県生駒郡平群町)を拠点に尊氏を牽制する。
- However, he disagreed with Takauji ASHIKAGA (the Ko clan) who contributed to toppling the Kamakura bakufu, and he continued to supervise him based in Mt. Shigi (Heguri-cho, Ikoma-gun, Nara Prefecture) without going to Kyoto.
- 10世紀には貴族層の中でも天皇と強い姻戚関係を結んだ藤原氏(藤原北家)が政治意思決定の中心を占める摂関政治が成立した。
- During the tenth century, the regency of the Fujiwara clan (Fijiwara-Hokke, the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan) who had a strong matrimonial relationship with the Emperor, was established in the central position of decision making.
- 群盗の活動は9世紀を通じて活発化していき、朝廷は群盗鎮圧のために東国などへ軍事を得意とする貴族層を国司として派遣した。
- After robbery became more common in 9th century, the Imperial Court sent military aristocrats to Togoku (eastern part of Japan) as kokushi (provincial governors) to discourage such acts.
- 天台仏教・山岳仏教が日本各地へ広がり、豊後国東半島(豊貴寺大堂など)や北陸地方(平泉寺など)などで動きが顕著であった。
- Tendai Buddhism and Mountain Buddhism spread all over Japan and the regions where this was prominent included Kunisaki peninsula in the Bungo Province (including Main Hall in Fuki-ji Temple) and Hokuriku Region (including Heisen-ji Temple).
- 信貴生駒スカイライン(かつてはスカイライン経由で梅田から近鉄バスが路線バスを走らせていたが1995年頃に休止している)。
- Take Shigi-Ikoma Skyline (via which Kintetsu Bus used to operate regular bus service to Skyland Ikoma, though it was suspended around 1995).
- むろん当時の「から紙障子」は公家や高家の貴族の邸宅に限られており、需要そのものが少なく、専門職を必要とはしていなかった。
- Of course, the 'karakami shoji' at that time was used only in the residences of court nobles and noblemen of prestigious families, and the demand itself was too small to require specialists.
- 斐紙(ひし)と呼ばれていた雁皮紙は、特にその薄様が平安時代に貴族の女性達に好んで用いられ、「薄様」が通り名となっていた。
- Usu-yo of ganpishi, called hishi, was especially used by noblewomen during the Heian period preferably and the word 'usu-yo' became a popular name.
- ヨーロッパでは貴族や富豪が日本風庭園を作るようになり、北米大陸でも公園の一角に日本風庭園や茶亭が制作されるようになった。
- In Europe, the aristocracy and millionaires actively produced Japanese style gardens and also in the North American Continent, Japanese style gardens and tea houses were produced in the corner of parks.
- こうした記事から分かるのは、定額寺の多くは元は皇族・貴族・豪族などが建立した私寺であったものが多かったということである。
- Those records reveal that many of jogakuji were formerly private temples set up by imperial families, peers, or powerful families.
- 宮廷貴族に取り入り、藤原道長に摩訶止観等を講じ、一条天皇には法華疏を進講したほか、道長家に関係する様々な仏事に関与した。
- As he gained the favor of the Imperial Court and nobles, he lectured to FUJIWARA no Michinaga on the Makashikan (the Mahayana practice of cessation and contemplation) and so on, lectured to Emperor Ichijo on the Hokkesho (annotation of the Lotus Sutra), and he concerned himself with various Buddhist rites relating to the family of FUJIWARA no Michinaga.
- 平 季長(たいら の すえなが、生年未詳 - 寛平9年7月22日 (旧暦)(897年8月23日)は、平安時代前期の貴族。
- TAIRA no Suenaga (date of birth unknown - to August 23, 897) was a nobleman in the early Heian period.
- 平安時代当時の遺構は残っていないが、絵巻物や大臣貴族やその家臣の日記に記された記録などから、当時の様子がうかがい知られる。
- Although there are no remains of this mansion from the Heian period, we can imagine how it was by studying records on old picture scrolls and diaries of aristocrat ministers and their retainers.
- 宗派として独立したのは戦後であるが教義の変更はなかったので、聖徳太子による信貴山寺創建をもって、教義の始まりと考えられる。
- The sect became independent after World War II, but its creed remained unchanged, and it is considered that the creed dates back to the foundation of Shigisan-ji Temple by Prince Shotoku.
- また、779年(宝亀10年)、淡海三船により鑑真の伝記『唐大和上東征伝』が記され、鑑真の事績を知る貴重な史料となっている。
- Additionally, in 779, Ganjin's biography, 'To Daiwajo Toseiden' (Eastern Expedition of Ganjin, the Great Tang Monk) was written by OMI no Mifune, which is a precious historical material to indicate Ganjin's achievement.
- というのも、当時の貴族社会は藤原氏が主要な地位を独占しており、他の氏族の者はごくわずかな出世の機会を心静かに待つしかなく、
- At that time, the majority of important positions in aristocratic society were taken by the Fujiwara clan, hence members of other clans had to wait quietly for their slight chance of getting promoted.
- それぞれ南北朝時代 (日本)に南朝 (日本)方の武将として転戦したが、南朝の衰微により中央貴族としての子孫は残らなかった。
- All three of these men were heavily involved in battles as military commanders on the side of the Southern Court during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan); when the Southern Court fell into decline, they all, as noblemen central to the Southern Court's existence, were unable to leave behind any descendants.
- 旧帝国図書館所蔵の発禁図書は一般資料の一部として、旧内務省保管の発禁図書は貴重書扱いのため一定の制限下で閲覧に供されている。
- The banned books previously housed in the Imperial Library are made available as part of the general materials, and the banned books previously held by the former Ministry of Home Affairs are categorized as valuable books and made available for reading with a certain level of restriction.
- 貴族も阿弥陀仏にすがり、極楽浄土に迎えられることを願って来迎図などを盛んに描かせ、その究極として宇治の地に平等院を建立した。
- The nobles relied on Amida Buddha and, hoping to be welcomed to the Sukhavati paradise, had many 'raigo-zu' (images of the Amida Buddha's descent to welcome the dying) drawn and ultimately had Byodo-in Temple built at Uji.
- 法堂の成立はインドではなく、中国であり、仏教が貴族階級に浸透し始めた南北朝時代 (中国)には既に成立していたものと思われる。
- The establishment of hatto was in China, not India, and it is believed that it had already been established in the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties (China), when Buddhism began to spread through the noble class.
- 綾部市や舞鶴市など周辺の地域を含め、この地では考古学上貴重な資料ともなる大小さまざまな多数の古墳や副葬品などが出土している。
- Many ancient tombs and funerary goods of varying size, and holding significant archaeological value were found in this area as well as the surrounding regions of Ayabe City, Maizuru City, etc.
- 源 能有(みなもと の よしあり、承和12年(845年)-寛平9年6月8日(897年7月11日))は平安時代の貴族、政治家。
- MINAMOTO no Yoshiari (845 - July 11, 897) was an aristocrat and politician who lived in the Heian period.
- 霊亀2年(716年)夫 志貴皇子の死別後、天平9年(737年)2月14日三品、天平勝宝元年(749年)4月14日一品に昇進。
- After the Prince Shiki, who was her husband, died in 716, she was promoted to the rank of Sanbon on March 23, 737, and to the rank of Ippon on May 8, 749.
- 嵯峨治世初期は、太政官筆頭だった藤原園人の主導のもと、百姓撫民(貧民救済)そして権門(有力貴族・寺社)抑制の政策がとられた。
- At the beginning of the reign of Emperor Saga, FUJIWARA no Sonohito, the head council of state, lead a policy to rescue farmers (relief of the poor) and control power (influential aristocracy, temples and shrines).
- このような手付かずのものは、全国的に見て大変貴重で、近代化遺産として、映画やテレビドラマのロケーションに使用される事が数多い。
- The rarity of these old buildings which remain intact makes them valuable, and they have been used as the backdrop for many movies and TV dramas as they represent Japan's modernization.
- また一説には五胡十六国時代に氐族の苻氏が建てた前秦の王族ないし貴族が戦乱の中、朝鮮半島経由で日本にたどり着いたと言う説もある。
- A further theory is that the royal family or nobility of the Former Qin dynasty founded by the Fu clan of the Di ethnic group during the Period of Sixteen Kingdoms finally reached Japan in the midst of war by way of the Korean Peninsula.
- Another theory holds that the royal family or the nobles of the Former Qin Dynasity built by the Fu clan during the Period of Sixteen Kingdoms reached Japan through the Korean Peninsula during wars.
- これにより、貴衆両院の図書館を合併した国会図書館の設立が定められたが、この体制では国会議員の調査研究には不十分であるとみられた。
- This resulted in the establishment of the National Library, which combined the libraries of the House of Representatives and the House of Peers; however, the structure appeared to be insufficient as a means to assist Diet members in their research and study.
- 1947年5月3日、貴族制度の禁止(憲法14条2項)と法の下の平等(憲法14条1項)を定めた日本国憲法の施行とともに廃止された。
- On May 3, 1947, the kazoku system was abolished with the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan which stipulated the prohibition of aristocracy systems (Item 2, Article 14) and equality under the law (Item 1, Article 14).
- 特に帝国図書館の蔵書は出版法の納本制度に基づいて網羅的に収集された戦前の和図書や、貴重な古書、洋書などを含み、きわめて価値が高い。
- Particularly, the materials housed in the Imperial Library comprise a collection of great value, including pre-war Japanese books, rare old books and Western books, which were acquired comprehensively based on the Legal Deposit System under the Publishing Act.
- 2007年10月 - 時代劇映画「茶々 天涯の貴妃」撮影のため、望楼の下に虎の装飾や鯱を金色に塗り替えるなど大坂城に見立てて改装。
- October 2007 - When it was remodeled to look like Osaka-jo Castle for the filming of a period movie, 'Chacha: The Woman from Far Away', the tiger decorations below the watch tower and Shachihoko were painted gold.
- 荘園関係文書をはじめとして、多岐にわたる文書が含まれ、経済史、仏教史のみならず、日本史研究全般にとって貴重な史料を多く含んでいる。
- This includes many varieties of historical documents such as those related to Shoen (manor), that are very important not only for the history of economics and Buddhism, but also for the whole study of Japanese history.
- 宝石・貴石 水晶類(本水晶・紫水晶・茶水晶など)、メノウ(オニキス)、本ヒスイ(ビルマ翡翠)、インドヒスイ、珊瑚類、トルマリンなど
- Jewelry and precious stones - crystal and the like (crystal, amethyst, smoky quartz, and so on), agate (onyx), feicui (Burma feicui), green aventurine, coral and the like and tourmaline, and so on.
- 平安時代の浄土思想は主に京都の貴族の信仰であったが、空也(903年 - 972年)は庶民に対しても浄土教を広め、市の聖と呼ばれた。
- Jodo-shiso in the Heian period was believed mainly by the aristocracy of Kyoto, but Kuya (903-972) preached Jodo-kyo to the grass roots as well and was called the 'saint of the city.'
- 南北朝時代 には鞆の浦沖から鞆にかけての地域で北朝と南朝との合戦(鞆合戦)が幾度もあり、静観寺五重塔などの貴重な文化財が失われた。
- During the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, many battles (Tomo kassen) were fought between the Northern Court and the Southern Court in an area covering the sea off Tomonoura and the town of Tomo, thereby destroying invaluable cultural properties such as a five-storey pagoda of Seikan-ji Temple.
- 夏は皇族・貴族・童のすべてがこめ織(紗の一種)の三重襷(菱文の一種)となり、若年は濃二藍、年を追って縹・浅黄となり、老人は白平絹。
- In summer all the Imperial members, court nobles, and the children wore kome ori (a type of silk gauze) with mie dauski (a diamond-shaped pattern), for the older people, they wore light blue and light yellow, the elderly people with white silk fabric.
- 5世紀頃には対外的に「可畏天王」、「貴國天王」あるいは単に「天王」等と称していたものが推古朝または天武朝に「天皇」とされた等の説。
- There is a theory stating that around 5th century, they were called 'Kai Daio,' 'Kikoku Daio,' or simply 'Daio' (great king) externally, but it was fixed to 'Tenno' in the Reign of Empress Suiko or the Reign of Emperor Tenmu.
- 出土した木簡などの遺物は奈良時代の生活を知る貴重な遺産となったが、地元や研究者の反対にも関わらず遺構の多くは建設により破壊された。
- The relics, such as excavated mokkan, are precious legacy for understanding life in Nara period, but most of the ancient structural remnants were destroyed by construction works regardless of the oppositions of the local residents and researchers.
- 斐紙(ひし)と呼ばれていた雁皮紙(がんぴし)は、特にその薄様が平安時代に貴族の女性達に好んで用いられ、「薄様」が通り名となっていた。
- The usu-yo of ganpishi, called hishi (an old name of ganpishi), was especially used by noblewomen during the Heian period and the word 'usu-yo' became a popular name.
- ただし、創作説を採るとしても『日本書紀』成立は聖徳太子の時代から100しか経ておらず、初期国家の仏教観を知る上では貴重な史料である。
- However, even if the theory of its creation is true, as 'Nihonshoki' was compiled only 100 years after the time of Prince Shotoku, the volume can still be considered as an important historical document to grasp the early state on Buddhism.
- 「南無阿弥陀仏」と数多く唱えることで、貴賎や男女の区別なく西方極楽浄土へ往生することができると説き、往生は臨終の際に決定するとした。
- He taught that by repeating 'Namu Amidabutsu' many times, all people regardless of whether they are rich or poor, male or female could attain Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (The West Pure Land (of Amida Buddha)) upon death and this was decided upon at the time of death.
- 彫りが浅く平行して流れる衣文、瞑想的な表情など、定朝の平明で優雅な仏像は平安貴族の好尚に合致し、その作風は「仏の本様」と称せられた。
- The shallow sculpting of the drapery with folds arranged in parallel lines, and the serene expressions of Jocho's simple and graceful Buddhist statues suited the preferences of the Heian aristocracy and this style was called 'Buddhist Style.'
- やがて、平安末期に法然の専修念仏が広まるともはや貴族仏教ではなくなり、民衆全体への広がりを見せ、鎌倉新仏教のさきがけとなって行った。
- Eventually, in the late Heian period, with the spread of Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) of Honen, Heian Buddhism ceased to be an aristocratic form of Buddhism and spread to the entire populace, whereupon it heralded the Kamakura New Buddhism (new schools of Japanese Buddhism founded during the Kamakura period).
- 平安時代中期以後は、藤原北家に押され政治的に衰退する中、武智麻呂の四男藤原巨勢麻呂の子孫が中央貴族として続き、多くの学者を輩出した。
- After the mid-Heian era, amid the political decline of the Southern House due to the expanding power of the Northern House, the descendant of FUJIWARA no Kosemaro, who was the fourth son of Muchimaro, survived as the central nobility and many of the descendants became scholars.
- 古くから、億計・弘計2王の発見物語は典型的な貴種流離譚であって劇的な要素が強く、そのままには史実として信じ難いことが指摘されてきた。
- From long ago it has been pointed out that the story of discovery of the noble two brothers, the elder Oke no miko and the younger Oke no miko, is a typical Kishuryuri-tan (a type of folktales in which a young deity or nobleman gets over trials to be a god or a blessed) with a strong dramatic element and the story per se is hard to believe as the historical fact.
- 侍従(じじゅう)とは、広義では(しばしば高貴な立場の)ある人物に付き従い、身の回りの世話などをする行為、または従う者そのものを指す。
- The term 'chamberlain' refers to a person who serves another person (generally a noble person) to take care of his or her personal affairs, and its Japanese equivalent term 'jiju' also represents a chamberlain's service itself in a broad sense.
- 唯物史観の影響を受け、武士は古代支配階級である貴族や宗教勢力を排除し、中世をもたらした変革者として石母田正らによって位置づけられた。
- Influenced by the materialist concept of history, Tadashi ISHIMODA and others positioned the bushi as the reformer who pushed out the ancient governing class such as the aristocrats and religious power of influence and brought on the medieval times.
- 一方、貞盛流平氏は小野宮流藤原北家の家司として仕えたが、小野宮流が傍系に追いやられるにつれて、軍事貴族としての地位が低下していった。
- Meanwhile, Sadamori-ryu Heishi (Taira clan of the Sadamori group) served as keishi (household superintendents) of the Onomiya line of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan; however, Sadamori-ryu Heishi's position as military aristocrats became lower as the Onomiya line was positioned as an indirect line.
- 第十九条第三項の規定による届出をせず、又は虚偽の届出をして、同条第一項に規定する支払手段又は証券若しくは貴金属を輸出し、又は輸入した者
- Any person who has imported or exported means of payment or securities prescribed in Article 19, paragraph 1, or precious metal, failing to give notification pursuant to the provision of Article 19, paragraph 3 or giving a false notification
- もっともこうした統制について国家が建立した官寺とそれ以外の貴族や民衆によって建てられた民間寺院(私寺)とでは温度差があったともされる。
- In addition, it is also thought that such regulation was different between official temples built by nation and private temples built by nobles and common people.
- 平安時代の貴族の邸宅の形式は寝殿造と呼ばれ、その建築様式は普遍化し、それに伴って庭園の様式も寝殿造り庭園としてその形式を整えていった。
- The form of residence of the aristocracy during the Heian period is called shinden-zukuri and the form of the building is generalized, and the form of the gardens had been improved upon as shinden-zukuri gardens accordingly.
- 神武天皇から順徳天皇までの歴史を、貴族の時代から武士の時代への転換と捕らえ、末法思想と「道理」の理念とに基づいて、仮名文で述べたもの。
- It regarded history from the Emperor Jinmu to the Emperor Juntoku as the transition from the age of aristocracy to the age of warriors, and described it in Kana-bun (publication in kana alone) based on Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief) and the idea of 'Dori (Order).'
- 以後、長者は真言宗の僧侶から選ばれ、後には仁和寺・大覚寺・勧修寺・醍醐寺(三宝院)の4寺の中から門跡の貴種が勅任される慣習が成立した。
- Subsequently, Choja were selected from the priests of the Shingon sect, and a custom was later established for the emperor to appoint Choja from monzeki (a priest of a temple in which resided a member of nobility or the Imperial Family) of noble birth of four temples (the Ninna-ji Temple, Daikaku-ji Temple, Kaju-ji Temple and Daigo-ji Temple (Sanbo-in)).
- 元は昌泰2年(899年)の宇多上皇出家の際に、上皇とともに仁和寺の院家の1つであった「御室」に付き従って出家した皇族・貴族達を指した。
- In the year 899 when Retired Emperor Uda entered the Buddhist priesthood, the term referred to a member of the aristocracy or the Imperial Family who entered the Buddhist priesthood and joined the Retired Emperor at Ninna-ji Temple inge named 'Omuro.'
- 宇多天皇-源能有によって推進された寛平の治において、季長は菅原道真・藤原忠平とともにその実務を担った貴族官僚であったと考えられている。
- In the Kanpyo no chi (Glorious Kanpyo rule) promoted by Emperor Uda and MINAMOTO no Yoshiari, it is believed that Suenaga worked as an aristocratic bureaucrat who took charge of practical business along with SUGAWARA no Michizane and FUJIWARA no Tadahira.
- この解体は修理のためでもあったが、戦火を避けるために美術品だけでなく、建造物も貴重なものは解体して部材を疎開させようという意味もあった。
- This disassembling was not only to repair, but also to evacuate the art works and the precious buildings by disassembled into some components, from the damage by the war.
- 平安の女性的貴族文化の時代から、中世の男性的武士社会にはいって、厚用の雁皮紙(がんぴし)が多くなり、薄様に対してこれを鳥の子紙と呼んだ。
- As the age of feminine culture of the nobility in the Heian period changed to the age of masculine society of the samurai class in the medieval times, more atsu-yo of ganpishi came to be used, called torinoko paper as opposed to usu-yo.
- As the age of feminine culture of the nobility during the Heian period changed to the age of the masculine society of the samurai class in the medieval times, more atsu-yo of ganpishi came to be used, called torinoko paper as opposed to usu-yo.
- 平安時代の末期には、第二次性徴に達し元服・裳着を迎えるにあたって女性のみならず男性貴族、平氏などの武士、大規模寺院における稚児も行った。
- In the late Heian period, not only did girls who had shown secondary sex characteristics or who had attended coming-of-age ceremony, but male nobles, Samurai in the Taira clan, and children in a festival procession in big temples or shrines also practiced tooth blackening.
- 同時代の作例としては他に大阪府河南町・高貴寺像(2臂坐像)や、文永3年(1266年)の銘がある鎌倉・鶴岡八幡宮像(2臂坐像)が知られる。
- Other statues known to date from the same period consist of that at Koki-ji Temple in Kanan-cho, Osaka Prefecture (two armed seated statue) and that at Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine in Kamakura (two armed seated statue) which is inscribed with the year 1266.
- 中世には貴族出身者はさげ尼と称して、髪を肩の辺りで削いで「尼」となることができた(勿論、授戒が受けられないために正式な尼にはなれない)。
- In medieval times, aristocratic women could become 'ama' called Sage Ama by having her hair cut around shoulders (of course they couldn't become ama formally because they could not be given the precepts of Buddhism).
- 皇族や貴人の参詣道として利用された中辺路と異なり、小辺路は生活道としてはともかく参詣道としては近世以降に利用されるようになった道である。
- Unlike Nakahechi which had been a pilgrimage road for the imperial family and nobles, Kohechi had been originally a community road for the locals and came to be used as a pilgrimage road after the early-modern period.
- 「サブラフ」は「侍」の訓としても使用されていることからもわかるように、平安時代にはもっぱら貴人の側にお仕えするという意味で使用されていた。
- 'mandafu' was used to read the character '侍,' indicating that it was used as a word to indicate service to a nobleman.
- 4回京都競馬期間中に12名のエントリーから、一般投票により藤井麻貴、犬飼ゆきな、森井絵美、福原歩、そわさくらこ、蒼井さやの6名が選出された。
- Out of 12 applicants, six persons, Maki FUJII, Yukina INUKAI, Emi MORII, Ayumi FUKUHARA, Sakurako SOWA and Saya AOI, were selected through popular voting conducted during the period when the fourth race meeting of Kyoto was held.
- 結果として軍事施設である要塞と、貴族の住居および政庁である城の機能は分離されるようになり、背の低い星型(稜堡式)要塞が作られるようになった。
- As a result, a fortress that functioned as a military base was separated from those that functioned as a castle, such as houses of nobles and government offices, and low star-shaped ryoho shiki (a style based on the fortification of Vauban in France) fortresses were built.
- 文化財指定の鐘、その他特に古いものや貴重なものは残されたが、近世の鐘の多くが溶解され、日本の鐘の9割以上が第二次世界大戦時に失われたという。
- Bells that were designated cultural property and other old or important bells still exist, but many bells produced in modern times were melted down and it is said that over 90% of Japanese bells were lost during World War II.
- この時代、原則的には中央の教育機関であった大学寮は主に貴族の、地方の教育機関であった国学 (律令制の教育機関)は郡司の子弟を対象としていた。
- A principle in this period was that Daigaku-ryo (the Bureau of Education under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the Ritsuryo code)--an educational institution of the central government--targeted nobility, while Kokugaku (provincial schools) (educational institution under the Ritsuryo system), as local educational institutions, targeted younger people of gunji (district managers).
- 彼らの統制の必要からこの権限委譲と並行して、国家から軍事警察権を委譲された軍事貴族層や武芸専門の下級官人層もまた、武士として成長していった。
- In order to govern the farmers, the government transmitted military and police power to military aristocracy and military art-specialized lower-ranking government officials, who developed into warriors (Bushi).
- 基壇にはめこまれていた2,800点の素焼粘土板の浮彫は、仏教尊像・ヒンドゥー教神像・人物・動物などを表していて、パーラ朝美術の貴重な資料である。
- Inside the base, there were 2,800 unglazed clay tablets in which Buddhism venerable statues, images of Hindu gods, people and animal figures were carved in relief, which remain valuable examples of the art of the Pala Dynasty.
- 日本の武家はいわゆる「源平藤橘」やその他の中央の貴族の末裔を称することが多いが、大内氏は百済の聖明王の第3皇子である琳聖太子の後裔と称している。
- In many cases, samurai families in Japan call themselves a descendant of so-called 'genpeitokitsu' (shortened expression of four major families) or other central nobles, however, the Ouchi clan calls itself a descendant of Rinsho taishi, the third prince of Seongmyeong-wang of Paekche.
- とはいえ、高貴でおっとりした人柄であったという章子内親王は夫後冷泉天皇が他の妃を寵愛しても気にすることなく、従って頼通らとの関係も穏やかだった。
- However, Princess Shoshi (Akiko) was a noble and gentle person, so she did not mind when her husband, Emperor Goreizei, loved another princess, so the relationship with Yorimichi was peaceful.
- 戦国時代の城は、“よく知られ、有名”でないために、開発に際して必ずしも十分な調査や記録がなされないままに貴重な遺構が破壊されてしまうこともある。
- As castles of the Sengoku Period are not 'well-known and famous,' precious structural remains are sometimes destroyed without sufficient research and recording in developing land.
- 武芸の実務、技能官人たる武士もこの両身分にまたがっており、在京の清和源氏や桓武平氏などの軍事貴族が諸大夫身分、大多数の在地武士が侍身分であった。
- Technical officers who did the practical work of military art were divided into these two statuses and the military aristocracies such as Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) or Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) and so on, who were staying in Kyoto, were in the shodaibu status and the majority of local bushi were in the samurai status.
- それに伴って、地方に土着した貴族や郡司らに出自する富豪層は、国衙から名田経営と租税収取を請け負う田堵負名へ成長し、より一層経済力をつけていった。
- Millionaires who were descents from aristocracy who had settled in the country or local magistrates grew into Tato fumyo (cultivator/tax manager): they undertook cultivation of Myoden and tax collection from kokuga and expanded their economic power.
- さらに国衙と給主(寺社・貴族)は官物・雑役を分け合う体制(半不輸)だったため、国衙に検田権があり給主の立場は不安定だった(当然、不入権もない)。
- Furthermore, kokugas and landlords (temples, shrines, and aristocrats) shared kanmotsu and zatsueki as a system (half tax exemption) and kokuga had the right of cadastral surveys and so the status of the landlords was unstable (naturally, they did not have funyu no ken (the right to keep the tax agents from entering the property)).
- 軍事貴族たちはこのようにして受領を勤めた後、再び別の国の受領となったり、あるいは衛門府尉や刑部省丞などの武官的な官職に補任されることが多かった。
- After serving as zuryo as described above, military aristocrats often became zuryo of other provinces or were appointed to be military officers such as emonfu jo (lieutenant at the outer palace guard headquarters) and senior or junior secretaries of Gyobusho (Ministry of Justice).
- 武官としての功績を積んだ後は、他の諸大夫階層の技能官人層に属する中下級貴族が家業の功績を積んだのと同様に、受領として諸国へ赴任する例が多かった。
- Just like lower to middle-class aristocrats who were technical officers of the shodaifu class accumulating their achievements, after accumulating achievements as military officers, military aristocrats were often transferred to various provinces as zuryo.
- 国立国会図書館の淵源は、大日本帝国憲法下の帝国議会各院に置かれていた衆議院図書館、貴族院図書館、および文部省に付属していた帝国図書館の3館にある。
- The NDL has its origins in the following three libraries: the Library of the House of Representatives and the Library of the House of Peers, both of which were established in each house of the Imperial Diet under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan; and the Imperial Library established under the Ministry of Education.
- 第十九条第一項又は第二項の規定に基づく命令の規定による許可を受けないで、同条第一項に規定する支払手段又は証券若しくは貴金属を輸出し、又は輸入した者
- Any person who has imported or exported means of payment or securities, or precious metal prescribed in Article 19, paragraph 1 without obtaining permission pursuant to the provisions of an order pursuant to Article 19, paragraph 1 or 2
- 収蔵品には一般図書のほか、京都府発足以来の行政文書、国宝の「東寺百合文書」(とうじひゃくごうもんじょ)のような貴重な歴史資料も数多く含まれている。
- Its collections include the administrative documents of Kyoto Prefecture since it was inaugurated, and many valued historical materials such as the 'To-ji Hyakugo Monjo' (100 case documents, of the To-ji Temple), a National Treasure, as well as general books.
- それまでの仏教の主流が「鎮護国家」を標榜した国家や貴族のための儀式や研究に置かれていたものが、次第に民衆の救済のためのものとなっていったのである。
- Although mainstream Buddhism had emphasized ceremonies and study for the nation and nobles under the name of 'nation protection,' it gradually changed to emphasize salvation of the common people.
- この頃には、一般の貴族の邸宅にも、引き違いの襖障子があった事になり、清涼殿の、みしょうじすなわち「荒海障子」はこれ以前に存在していたと考えられる。
- It means that there was a sliding Fusuma Shoji in general aristocratic residences around this time, and apparently Shoji in Seiryoden, that is, 'Araumi no shoji' existed before this.
- また、日本天台宗の開祖伝教大師最澄と真言宗の開祖弘法大師空海という平安時代仏教の双璧をなす両雄の交流を示す資料としてもこの3通の存在は貴重である。
- These three letters are precious as written materials that represent the relationship between Dengyo Daishi (great teacher of the Buddhism) Saicho, the founder of the Nihon Tendai sect, and Kobo Daishi (a posthumous title of the priest Kukai) Kukai the founder of the Shingon sect; both were the two greatest Buddhist priests in the Heian period.
- 鎌倉時代以降、武力で朝家に奉仕する幕府を武家と称するようになると、それに対比して、政務一般をもって朝家に奉仕する貴族一般を公家と呼ぶようになった。
- Since the Kamakura period, bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) that served choka (the imperial family or household) with military power was refered to as buke (samural family), nobles who served choka in governmental affairs came to be called kuge.
- また『新撰姓氏録』右京皇別下新良貴条は、「是出於新良国 即為国主 稲飯命出於新羅国王者組合」とあり稲飯命は新羅王の祖であるとする異説を載せている。
- On the other hand, in the section of 'Ukyokobetsunoge shirakunokudari' of 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility), there can be found a different theory arguing as 'Inahi no mikoto was the founder and the first King of Silla (ancient Korean kingdom).'
- 新薬師寺(奈良市高畑町)の隣にある鏡神社の比売塚は「高貴の姫君の墓」として語り伝えられており、ここに十市皇女が埋葬されているという説が有力である。
- In view of the fact that Himezuka of Kagami-jinja Shrine adjacent to Shinyakushi-ji Temple (Takahata-cho, Nara City) has been handed down as 'Tomb of a highborn Himegimi (a princess),' a theory that Tochi no Himemiko was buried in this tomb is convincing.
- 「侍」という漢字には、元来 「貴族のそばで仕えて仕事をする」という意味があるが、武士に類する武芸を家芸とする技能官人を意味するのは日本だけである。
- The kanji (Chinese character) '侍' originally meant 'to be on hand to work for and serve an aristocrat,' and only in Japan is the word used to refer to ginou kanjin (culturally and academically accomplished palace officials) with military skills who belonged to the bushi class.
- 平安時代の貴族の邸宅や寺院に描かれた障壁画は、中国の故事や風物を描いた唐絵であったが、日本の四季の花鳥風月や風景を主題に選び、独特の画法を確立した。
- The pictures drawn on partitions in aristocratic residences and temples during the Heian period were Kara-e paintings (a Chinese style painting) on which historical events, scenery and customs in China were drawn, but he chose the beauty of nature and seasonal landscapes in Japan as subjects and established his peculiar style of painting.
- 日本での弁才天信仰はすでに奈良時代に始まっており、東大寺法華堂(三月堂)安置の8臂の立像(塑像)は、破損甚大ながら、日本最古の作例として貴重である。
- Worship of Benzaiten had already begun by the Nara period, and the eight armed standing statue (modeled statue) housed in the Hokke-do hall (Sangatsu-do Hall) of Todai-ji Temple is highly valuable as Japan's oldest such work despite extensive damage.
- その前月半ばには富貴も演芸から撤退しているため、以降京都市内における演芸場は1962年6月の吉本興業による京都花月劇場の復活まで待たなければならない。
- Since Fuki withdrew from the entertainment business in the middle of the previous month, there was no entertainment hall in Kyoto City until June 1962 when Yoshimoto Kogyo Co., Ltd. revived the Kyoto Kagetsu Theater.
- 法印は「さきほど若き女性から源氏供養のことを頼まれたのだ」と答えると、住人は「あなた様の貴さを見て式部が言葉を交わしにあらわれたのでしょう。」という。
- Hoin answers, 'A young woman asked me to hold a memorial service for Genji a short time ago,' and the resident says, 'Since she probably found you high-minded, she appeared and talked with you.'
- 日本書紀に天武天皇4年(675年)1月に薬や貴重な品が朝廷に献上された記録があることから、それらを伊勢神宮に持参するために彼女らが派遣されたという説。
- The second one is based on the record in the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) that medicines and precious goods were presented to the Imperial court in February 675, so they were sent to the Ise-jingu Shrine to take those presented articles.
- このため、たとえ国立国会図書館にしか所蔵されていない貴重な資料であろうとも、逐次刊行物の最新号や著作権の存続している資料の全頁を複写することはできない。
- For this reason a user cannot copy full pages of the latest editions of serials and materials protected by copyright, even if they are valuable materials only available in the NDL.
- 合金けい素化合物、合金アルミニウム化合物、貴金属を用いたアルミニウム化合物、クロムアルミニウム合金、改良ジルコニア、白金又はこれらの組合せからなる混合物
- Silicon alloy compounds, aluminum alloy compounds, aluminum compounds containing precious metals, chromium-aluminum alloys, improved zirconia, platinum and mixtures thereof
- なお、倭城は日本の撤兵後、ほとんど破壊されたが、近年、中国・朝鮮半島・日本の築城交流史をうかがえる貴重な遺構として、大韓民国でも調査・研究が進んでいる。
- Although after the withdrawal of Japanese forces from the Korean Peninsula, most Japanese castles were destroied, the Republic of Korea has been conducting investigations and research about those castles as valuable ruins that suggest historical relationships between the castle architecture in China, the Korean Peninsula and Japan.
- 若い頃から在俗の修行者として諸国を廻り、南無阿弥陀仏の名号を唱えながら道・橋・寺などを造るなど社会事業を行い、貴賤(きせん)を問わず幅広い帰依者を得る。
- Since his youth he had visited various provinces as a lay disciplinant, implemented social projects such as construction of roads, bridges and temples with reciting Myogo (Amida's name) of Namu Amidabutsu, and gathered followers widely without regard to their affluence or poverty.
- のち、平安初期以降、皇親を減らして国家の支出を減らす、皇位争いに関する政争を除く、皇室の藩屏となる高級貴族をおくなどの目的で、多くの臣籍降下が行われた。
- Subsequently, after the early Heian Period, there were numerous demotions from nobility to subject status with the aim to reduce the state's expenditure by decreasing the number of Koshin, to remove the political infighting concerning the succession to the imperial throne, and to create high-ranking nobilities that would serve as a buffer for the imperial family.
- 三宝院庭園は、安土桃山時代の華やかな雰囲気を今日に伝える日本庭園として貴重なものであり、1952年(昭和27年)に国の特別史跡および特別名勝に指定された。
- Sanbo-in Garden is precious as a Japanese garden where the gorgeous atmosphere of the Azuchi-Momoyama period can be felt, and was designated as a national special historic site and a place of special beauty in 1952.
- 富貴は新生プロダクション(現在の松竹芸能の母体の一つ)などから芸人を調達していたが、当時売れっ子が多かった千土地興行所属の芸人はすべて京洛劇場に出演した。
- While Fuki used entertainers belonging to Shinsei Production (one of origins of current Shochiku Geino Co., Ltd), all entertainers belonging to Sentochi Kogyo, many of them were quite popular at the time, performed at Kyoraku Theater.
- 第二次大戦後、旧公家・大名家伝来の文化財の多くが散佚した中にあって、近衛家の所蔵品は、早くから財団化されていたため、まとまって伝来している点も貴重である。
- Although many cultural properties inherited by former court nobles and daimyo (domain lords) families were lost at the end of the Second World War, the Konoe family's collections are very important because they have been protected at one place by the foundation that was established early.
- 特に民間で行われた普茶料理は、長崎の卓袱料理とも影響し合い、テーブルクロスや貴重なガラス製のワイングラスや水差し、洋食器が用いられることもしばしばあった。
- With the reciprocal effects of Shippoku cuisine (a delectable melange of Western, Chinese and Japanese cuisine)from Nagasaki, Fucha ryori cuisine in civilian society often used tablecloths, vitreous wine glasses and decanters that were precious at the time, and also other western tableware.
- 華族制度の策定にあたった伊藤博文は『公卿』、広沢真臣・大久保利通・副島種臣は『貴族』、岩倉具視は『勲家』・『名族』・『公族』・『卿家』等の案を持っていた。
- The persons who were engaged in compiling the kazoku system had their own idea for the title of the class: Hirobumi ITO suggested 'Kugyo' (compound of 'Ko' and 'Kei' which originally meaning the top court officials); Saneomi HIROSAWA, Toshimichi OKUBO, and Taneomi SOEJIMA suggested 'kizoku' (originally meaning nobles); and Tomomi IWAKURA suggested 'kunke' (families that contributed to the nation greatly), 'meizoku' (noble families), 'kozoku' (families of 'Ko') and 'gyoke' (families of 'Kei').
- 清原 夏野(きよはら の なつの、延暦元年(782年) - 承和 (日本)4年10月7日 (旧暦)(837年11月12日))は平安時代初期の貴族、政治家。
- KIYOHARA no Natsuno (782 - November 12, 837) was of the nobility and a politician in the early Heian period.
- 「妃」とは元々は「つま(妻)」と同義であったが、中国では後に天子の配偶者への貴称として用いられ、唐の律令制を導入した日本でもこれを採用したと見られている。
- Hi' originally had same meaning as 'Tsuma' (wife), but later Hi was used as a title of emperor's spouse in China and this was adopted in Japan since the ritsuryo system was introduced from Tang.
- また、天皇や歴史上の著名人の自筆書状、宮廷儀式関係、物語や和歌集の古写本なども多数収蔵し、歴史資料としてのみならず、書道史上の遺品としても貴重なものが多い。
- It also stores many autograph letters by emperors and historical prominent figures, documents related to the ceremonies in the Imperial Court, and a number of items of ancient copies of old tales and anthologies of Waka poems, many of which are not only valued as historical materials but also artifacts of the history of calligraphy.
- 雄琴という地名は、平安時代の貴族、今雄宿禰の荘園があり、その「雄」とその邸からはよく琴の音が聞こえてきたことから、「琴」をとって雄琴と呼ばれるようになった。
- The place-name Ogoto (雄琴) was named after the Chinese character '雄' (o) of Imaonosukune (今雄宿禰), an aristocrat who owned a shoen (manor in medieval Japan) around that area in the Heian period, and the Chinese character '琴' (koto) (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings), because the sound of koto was often heard around the mansion of Imaonosukune.
- この体制を担う貴族や官人の家組織の中では、子弟や外部から能力を見込んだ弟子に対し、幼少期から家業たる専門業務の英才教育をほどこして家業を担う人材を育成した。
- Aristocrats and government officials who undertook such authority and duty developed human resources: they pampered their children as well as gifted disciples.
- 日本における木造仏像彫刻の古例として貴重であるとともに、大正時代以降、和辻哲郎の『古寺巡礼』、亀井勝一郎の『大和古寺風物誌』などの書物で紹介され著名になった。
- It is valued as an old example of wooden Buddhist sculptures in Japan; after the Taisho period, it was introduced in writings such as 'Koji Junrei' (A pilgrimage to ancient temples) by Tetsuro WATSUJI and 'Yamato Koji Fubutsushi' (Pilgrimage to the ancient temples of Yamato) by Katsuichiro KAMEI and became well-known.
- 鎌倉新仏教の最も重要な要素を「国家からの自立」と「個人の救済」と捉え、この2つがあって初めて貴族仏教から脱却して民衆仏教としての鎌倉新仏教が成立したとする.。
- He considered that 'the independence from the nation' and 'the relief of the individual' were the most important factors of Kamakura New Buddhism, and these two factors made them possible to change from the Buddhism for the court nobles to Kamakura New Buddhism, the Buddhism for the common people.
- 中級貴族であった経基の子源満仲(多田満仲)が藤原北家による摂関政治の確立に協力して中央における武門としての地位を築き、摂津国川辺郡多田の地に武士団を形成する。
- MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka (TADA no Manju), the son of Tsunemoto who was a middle-ranking noble, cooperated with the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan for the establishment of Sekkanseiji (regency), thereby gaining the status as the central samurai family and forming a samurai group in Tada, Kawabe District, Settsu Province.
- 京都全体を戦乱に巻き込んだ応仁の乱の影響で、日本の宮廷文化は混乱するが、このとき位階以上の貴族の冠に用いる有文羅(うもんら/模様を織り出した羅)の技法が散逸。
- As the Onin War dragged the whole Kyoto into the war, Japanese Court culture became disordered, and they lost the technique of umonra (ra woven in a pattern), which was used for Court caps for the nobilities whose ranks were the Fifth Rank or higher.
- 軍事貴族は、承平天慶期より継続的に在地の郡司・富豪百姓・田堵負名層との関係を構築していたため、国内軍事力の編成に関しては、通常の受領よりも格段に有利であった。
- Since military aristocrats started to establish relationships with local gunji, wealthy farmers, and tato fumyo in the Johei Tengyo period, they had a much greater advantage than regular zuryo in terms of raising provincial troops.
- むろん『源氏』はフィクションであるが、当時の宮廷や貴族社会において日本の物語を題材にした絵画が享受されていたことが『源氏』にも反映されていると見てよいであろう。
- Of course, 'Genji' is a fiction, but it can be thought that it reflected the situation that the paintings based on Japanese tales were enjoyed among the Imperial Court and aristocratic society in those days.
- 「九品来迎」(くほんらいごう)を主題とする浄土教系の仏教絵画であるが、背景には大和絵風の山水が描かれており、平安時代にさかのぼる数少ない大和絵資料としても貴重。
- Although they are Buddhist pictures of the Jodo sect subjects being 'Kuhon-raigo' (nine Amidabha Buddha coming on purple clouds from each Gokurakujodo (Buddhist paradise) to welcome the spirits of the dead), the landscapes in Yamato-e style are drawn on the background, so that it is also valuable as one of the few historical artifacts from the Heian period.
- この当時、日本の社会各層で家産の相続を前提とする「家」(イエ)制度の成立が進行しており、公家社会の形成も、貴族層における「家」の成立として理解することができる。
- At that time 'a family system' assuming inheritance of family property was being established in each class of Japanese society, therefore, the formation of the kuge society can be understood as establishment of 'a family' within the noble hierarchy.
- 同法は墾田の永年私有を認めるものだったため、資本を持つ中央貴族・大寺社・地方の富豪(かつての豪族層)は活発に開墾を行い、大規模な土地私有が出現することとなった。
- As the law admitted a permanent ownership of cultivated lands, central aristocrats, large temples and shrines and local rich men (formerly the class of gozoku), who had capital, actively cultivated lands and then a large scale private ownership of land appeared.
- 貴衆各院の図書館は、1891年(明治24年)に設立された各院の図書室を起源としており、また、帝国図書館は1872年(明治5年)に設立された書籍館をその前身とする。
- The libraries of the House of Representatives and the House of Peers have their origins in the libraries of each respective house, as established in 1891, while the Imperial Library developed out of a bibliotheca established in 1872.
- ほかに、奈良時代の日本を知るうえで貴重な史料である正倉院文書(もんじょ)、東大寺大仏開眼法要に関わる歴史的な品や古代の薬品なども所蔵され、文化財の一大宝庫である。
- In addition to these treasures are the Shosoin archives ('Shosoin Monjo' in Japanese), which are important historical records that aid in the understanding of Japan during the Nara period; historical articles related to the Todai-ji Temple Great Buddha Eye-Opening ceremony; and ancient medicines, all of which make Shosoin one of the greatest reservoirs of cultural assets to be found.
- 別院 円通寺(埼玉県川島町)、遠州信貴山(静岡県浜松市)、千福寺(三重県四日市市)、福信院(三重県飯南町)、大窪寺(大阪府八尾市)、高知別院竜王寺(高知県南国市)
- Branch temples: Entsu-ji Temple (Kawajima-machi, Saitama Prefecture), Enshu Shingisan (Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture), Senfuku-ji Temple (Yokkaichi City, Mie Prefecture), Fukushin-in (Iinancho, Mie Prefecture), Okubo-dera Temple (Yao City, Osaka Prefecture), Kochi Betsuin Ryuo-ji Temple (Nankoku City, Kochi Prefecture)
- このように史料は乏しいものの、弟子の古市澄胤に与えたという「古市播磨法師 珠光」と題された軸装の文書(通称「心の師の文」)は当時の貴重な文献として評価されている。
- There are few historical records as explained, but his letter written on a scroll titled 'Furuichi harima hoshi Juko' (its byname is 'Kokoro no Shi no Bun' (literally, a writing of master on my mind)), which was given to his disciple Choin FURUICHI, is highly valued as a precious documentary record of that time.
- 後者は大槻玄沢ら蘭学者やオランダ商館長(カピタン)と交遊を持って蘭学を研究し、『蘭学階梯』の序文や『泰西輿地図説』、『古今泉貨鑑』など、多くの貴重な著作を残した。
- The latter learned Western studies by associating with scholars of Western studies like Gentaku OTSUKI, and left many valuable books, such as the introduction of 'Rangaku-kaitei' (a guide to foreign languages), 'Taisei-yochizusetsu' (a foreign topography), and 'Kokon-senka-kagami' (a reference book of coins).
- しかし、陵墓に対する「墓=死=穢れ」といったイメージが貴族たちに嫌われたことから、次第に忌避されるようになり、陵墓の所在が不明確になっていく理由のひとつになった。
- Due to negative images about mausoleums (graves = death = uncleanliness), nobles came to avoid mausoleum rituals, causing the locations of imperial mausoleums to be forgotten.
- よく言われるように貴族に仕える存在として認識された武士を侍と呼んだと言うよりもむしろ、上層武士を除く大多数の武士が侍身分の一角を形成したと言った方が正確であろう。
- It is more accurate to say that the majority of bushi, except for upper-class bushi, formed a part of the samurai status, rather than that the bushi who were recognized as those who served the aristocrats were called samurai, as they say.
- 中世に入ると、狩衣が上流貴族にまで用いられはじめたため、烏帽子直衣は衰退、烏帽子直衣は院の御所に、太上天皇の許しを受けた者が参入する時に使用することが普通になった。
- In the Medieval period, Kariginu was worn by upper class court nobles, the formal headwear for court nobles and the Noshi became unpopular and it was commonly worn by people who had permission from a retired emperor to enter the retired emperor's Imperial Palace.
- 元来は有力貴族や諸大夫に仕える位階六位どまりの下級技能官人層(侍品さむらいほん)を指すが、次第にその中でも武芸を職能とする技能官人である武士を指すことが多くなった。
- Originally, this was a term for the class of low-ranking technical palace officials up to the sixth rank who worked for aristocracy and Shodaibu (aristocracy lower than Kugyo), but eventually was used to define the bushi, who were technical palace officials with military skills.
- 実際、この前後から現代日本人が俗に戦国大名と呼んで親しんでいる武田信玄、上杉謙信、北条氏康、大友義鎮、島津貴久などの華々しい活躍が始まり全国の戦国騒乱が本格化する。
- In fact, at around this time, Shingen TAKEDA, Kenshin UESUGI, Ujiyasu HOJO, Yoshishige OTOMO, Takahisa SHIMAZU and so on, who were commonly referred to as sengoku daimyo by people in contemporary Japan, started their energetic activities, and disturbances gained momentum all over Japan.
- 平安仏教が貴族仏教であったのにたいして、鎌倉新仏教はあらたに台頭してきた武士階級(特に臨済宗・曹洞宗)や一般庶民へと広がっていった(浄土宗・浄土真宗・時宗・日蓮宗)。
- Although Heian Bukkyo (Buddhism in the Heian period) had been for court nobles, Kamakura New Buddhism spread among newly rising samurai class (especially, the Rinzai sect and the Soto sect) and among the common people (especially, the Jodo sect, the Jodoshin sect, the Ji sect and the Nichiren sect).
- 1870年2月5日、政府から皇族・貴族に対してお歯黒禁止令が出され、それに伴い民間でも徐々に廃れ(明治以降農村では一時的に普及したが)、大正時代にはほぼ完全に消えた。
- On February 5, 1870, government put a ban on tooth black among the royalty and aristocrats; consequently, this practice also faded gradually among the common people (after the Meiji period, it was once popular among farm villages), and in the Taisho period, it almost completely disappeared.
- 畳は起源的には寝具であったが、平安時代の貴族社会では、そこに座る人の身分地位を表す厳密な用い方が定められ、身分の高い人ほど座る畳も広く厚さも厚く、畳を重ねて使用した。
- Tatami mats were originally a bed and in the aristocratic society during the Heian period strict usage showing the status of the person who was seated there was established as a person with higher status used larger, thicker and more tatami mats.
- 平安時代末期ごろから貴族社会において公卿に昇る家柄が限定されるようになり、藤原北家による摂家の確立に伴って家格が固定化し、鎌倉時代前期ごろまでに公家社会が形成された。
- In the aristocratic society family lineage which allowed one to ascend to Kugyo (the top court officials) began to be limited since the late Heian period, and as kakaku (family status) was fixed when Sekke (line of regents and advisers) was established by the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, a hierarchical kuge society was formed by the early Kamakura period.
- 平安時代には最澄による天台宗、空海による真言宗の導入による密教の流行、末法思想・浄土信仰の隆盛などの契機を経験し、貴族層や都周辺の人々による仏教信仰は拡大しつつあった。
- In the Heian period, Esoteric Buddhism became popular in accordance with the introductions of the Tendai sect by Saicho and the Shingon sect by Kukai, and Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief) and Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith) were in full flourish, and as a result, more and more nobles and people around the capital came to believe in Buddhism.
- 当時の皇族や貴族は、最澄が本格的に修学した天台教学よりも、むしろ現世利益も重視する密教、あるいは来世での極楽浄土への生まれ変わりを約束する浄土教(念仏)に関心を寄せた。
- The Imperial Family and aristocrats at that time were interested in Mikkyo, which valued practical benefits in this world or 'pure land' teachings, as well as Jodo-kyo (Buddhist invocation), which promised reincarnation in the Land-of-Bliss/Pure Land of the next world, instead of the Tendai Doctrine, which Saicho had seriously studied.
- 明治時代になって壁画の貴重さや芸術的価値が徐々に認められるようになり、1887年(明治20年)頃には桜井香雲という画家が壁画の模写を行っている(模写は東京国立博物館蔵)。
- In the Meiji period, the murals were gradually recognized their artistic value and preciousness to be reproduced by a painter Koun SAKURAI around 1887 (The reproductions are owned by Tokyo National Museum).
- 日本でも密教の盛行に伴い、小児の息災や福徳を求めて、鬼子母神を本尊とする訶梨帝母法が修せられたり、上層貴族の間では、安産を願って訶梨帝母像を祀り、訶梨帝母法を修している。
- In Japan, as Esoteric Buddhism spread, people learnt Kariteimo-ho (a method for following Kariteimo [Kishimojin]) holding Kishimojin as the main deity for children's good health and happiness, and court nobles of the upper class not only learnt Kariteimo-ho but also enshrined the statues of Kariteimo for easy birth.
- 宝ヶ池駅 - 八幡前駅 (京都府) - 岩倉駅 (京都府) - 木野駅 - 京都精華大前駅 - 二軒茶屋駅 (京都府) - 市原駅 - 二ノ瀬駅 - 貴船口駅 - 鞍馬駅
- Takaragaike Station - Hachiman-mae Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Iwakura Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Kino Station - Kyoto-Seikadai-mae Station - Nikenchaya Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Ichihara Station - Ninose Station - Kibune-guchi Station - Kurama Station
- 律令制が確立した当初において、政治意思決定に天皇が占める位置は絶対的なものとされていたが、9世紀ごろから貴族層が実質的な政治意思決定権を次第に掌握するようになっていった。
- At the beginning of the time when the Ritsuryo system was established, the position of the Emperor in the political decision making was to be unquestioned but from around the ninth century, the noble hierarchy gradually started to have the right of decision making.
- 竹内門跡とも呼ばれる門跡寺院(皇族・貴族の子弟が代々住持となる別格寺院のこと)であり、青蓮院、三千院(梶井門跡)、妙法院、毘沙門堂門跡と並び、天台五門跡の1つに数えられる。
- Because it is a monzeki temple (a special temple where the hereditary position of Juji (chief priest), is held by a member of the imperial family or an aristocrat), Manshuin Temple is also known as Takeuchi Monzeki; it is also one of the Tendai Go Monzeki (the 5 major monzeki temples of the Tendai Sect), the other temples being Shorenin Temple, Sanzenin Temple (Kajii Monzeki), Myohoin Temple, and Bishamon Do Temple.
- 中国における作例としては、東京・根津美術館所蔵の銅造釈迦如来・多宝如来並坐像は、中国・北魏の「太和13年」(489年)の銘があり、制作年代の判明する基準作として貴重である。
- Regarding examples made in China, there is a pair of seated bronze statues of Shaka Nyorai and Taho Nyorai owned by Nezu Museum in Tokyo, which has an inscription of 'Taiwa 13' (in 489) of the Northern Wei Dynasty in China and this is valuable as a criterion which identifies the age of the work.
- 確かに源平藤橘といった貴族を起源とする武士や技術としての武芸については説明ができるが、彼らの職能を支える経済的基盤としての所領や人的基盤としての主従関係への説明が弱すぎる。
- Certainly the bushi who originated from the aristocrats such as genpeitokitsu (shortened expression of four major families) or the military arts as a technique can be explained, but the explanation of the shoryo as economic base which supported their samurai function or the master-subordinate relationship as a human base is too weak.
- ここで注意しなくてはならないことは、清和源氏が武家の棟梁という地位を得たのは、その武勇によってというよりも、摂関家への奉仕という中央貴族の内部事情に起因するという点である。
- It should be noted here that Seiwa-Genji became the leader of samurai families not because of their bravery but because of internal affairs of central aristocrats such as contributions to the regent family.
- 貴族社会の衰微とともに鎌倉時代には消滅したと言われているが、興福寺などの有力寺院が寺内に設けた僧侶育成機関に「勧学院」の名が用いられたのは、ここに由来していると言われている。
- It is said to have disappeared along with the demise of the aristocratic society, except for the name 'Kangakuin' which lives on in the name of the educational facilities for monks set up inside major temples such as Kofuku-ji Temple.
- しかし、武家も元は貴族の出自を持ち、その邸宅も寝殿造を簡素化したもので、独自の様式とは捉えないのが、建築史(住宅史)の通説になっている(参考:太田博太郎「日本建築史序説」)。
- However, the general theory in the architectural history is that since the samurai were originally from the aristocratic class, the style of their residences was a simplified version of Shinden-zukuri style and hence not considered an original style of their own (refer to 'An introduction to the architectural history in Japan' by Hakutaro OTA).
- 天武天皇8年(679年)5月6日に、天皇、皇后(持統天皇)、草壁皇子、大津皇子、高市皇子、川島皇子、忍壁皇子、志貴皇子は、吉野宮で互いに助け合うことを約束した(吉野の盟約)。
- On June 22, 679, Emperor, Empress (Empress Jito), Prince Kusakabe, Prince Otsu, Prince Takechi, Prince Kawashima, Prince Osakabe and Prince Shiki agreed to help each other in Yoshino no miya (Yoshino Pact).
- こうした事情は武士の発生時期から数世紀下る17世紀初頭の日葡辞書に、「さむらい」は貴人を意味し、「ぶし」は軍人を意味すると区別して記載されていることにもその一端が現れている。
- We can see a part of these situations in the description, where distinctively, 'samurai' refers to nobility and 'bushi' a military officer, in the Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Japanese-Portuguese dictionary, published 1603-1604) during the early 17th century, some centuries after the time of bushi's emergence.
- 宝石、貴金属又は毛皮の加工に係る技能について十年以上の実務経験(外国の教育機関において当該加工に係る科目を専攻した期間を含む。)を有する者で、当該技能を要する業務に従事するもの
- A person with at least 10 years' experience using skills related to the processing of gems, precious stones, or fur (including the period of time spent studying at an educational institution in a foreign country while majoring in subjects related to said processing) who is to engage in services that require such skills.
- 絵の荒さから地方画師の制作が指摘されているが、民俗学、宗教史研究の上で貴重な資料として高い評価を得ており、牛耕の様子が描かれている田植図、僧兵強訴などの場面が広く知られている。
- The roughness in the pictures hints that they were painted by local painters, but they are highly appreciated as important materials for the study of folklore and religious history and the pictures of rice planting, where the cultivation by buffalos and the scene of sohei goso (direct petition by priest soldier) and so on are painted, are widely known.
- また、世俗的な次元からは貴族などが修行僧の持つ験力に現世利益を期待したことなども山岳仏教の発達を後押しすることになったほか、天皇家など朝廷の庇護もあり、急速に一般化の道を歩む。
- Additionally, from the standpoint of practical benefit, the development of Mountain Buddhism was promoted because the aristocracy expected the genriki (the effect) of the ascetic monk to bring spiritual (material) benefit in this world through the observance of Buddhist teachings, and it was also protected by the Imperial Court (including the Imperial Family), which led to a rapid generalization.
- 収蔵された図書は、貴衆両院図書館からの引継書と戦後の収集分からなる赤坂の国会図書館仮本館蔵書が約100万冊、帝国図書館による戦前収集分を基礎とする上野図書館の蔵書が約100万冊。
- The collection of books included a stock of approximately a million volumes previously housed in the NDL's temporary main library in Akasaka, which consisted of those transferred from the libraries of the houses of Representatives and Peers along with those acquired after the war, as well as approximately a million volumes previously housed in the Ueno Branch Library, most of which had been acquired prior to the war.
- 江戸時代の大名では、伊達重村、島津重豪、松平斉貴などが鷹狩愛好家として特に著名であり、特に松平斉貴が研究用に収集した文献は、今日東京国立博物館や島根県立図書館等に収蔵されている。
- Among daimyo (Japanese territorial lords) Shigemura DATE, Shigehide SHIMAZU, and Naritoki MATSUDAIRA, are famous as devotees of Taka-gari and especially the books which Naritoki MATSUDAIRA collected for research are housed in Tokyo National Museum, Shimane prefectural library, etc.
- 興福寺内の寺務・寺領支配から大和国人衆の動向、京都の中央政界や親戚である九条家や本願寺の動きなどが詳細に記述されており、室町時代の政治・経済・社会・宗教に関する貴重な史料である。
- They contain detailed descriptions of the operation of the temple, how the temple was controlled within the Kofuku-ji Temple, social trends in Yamato Province, the development of central politics in Kyoto, the actions of Kyokaku's relatives, including the Kujo family and the workings of Hongan-ji Temple, thus collectively they are a rare historical record relating to the politics, economy, society and religion of the Muromachi period.
- 母兼子は藤原氏の下級貴族の出自だったが、父公衡の西園寺家は代々朝廷・鎌倉幕府間の連絡調整を担当する関東申次の要職を継承しており、公衡も関東申次として朝廷政務の枢要に当たっていた。
- Her mother, Kenshi was from the lower class of the FUJIWARA clan; her father, Kinhira was from the Saionji family which had been succeeding the important position in charge of coordination between the Imperil court and the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in Kanto Moshitsugi; Kinhira dealt with critical affairs of the Imperial court as Kanto moshitsugi.
- 第二次世界大戦後の1945年(昭和20年)12月には貴族院_(日本)・衆議院両院の議長が第6位に繰り上げられるなどの改正がなされたが、翌年には日本国憲法の施行とともに廃止された。
- In December 1945 after World War II, there were a few amendments to Kyuchu Sekiji such as raising the rank of both chairmen of the Kizokuin (House of Peers) and House of Representatives to the sixth; but with the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan the following year, the ranking was abolished.
- 例えば千葉県松戸市の戸定歴史館に展示されている徳川家関連の文書では「日本国皇帝」の国内向け使用例(1903年徳川家達への貴族院 (日本)議長の任命辞令等)を確認することができる。
- For example, in Tokugawa family-related documents exhibited in Tojo History Museum in Matsudo City, Chiba Prefecture, usage examples of the title 'Nihonkoku Kotei' for domestic communication (e.g. the letter of appointment of Iesato TOKUGAWA to Chairman of the House of Peers in 1903) can be seen.
- 納涼床(のうりょうゆか、のうりょうどこ)、あるいは川床(鴨川 (淀川水系)では「かわゆか」、貴船、高雄 (京都市)では「かわどこ」と読むのが一般的)は京都の夏の風物詩の一つである。
- Noryo-yuka (Noryo-doko) or the riverbed (in general, for the Kamo-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River water system), it is pronounced as 'kawayuka;' for Kifune or Takao in Kyoto, it is pronounced as 'kawadoko') is one of the poetic sceneries of the Kyoto summer.
- 白拍子を舞う女性たちは遊女とはいえ貴族の屋敷に出入りすることも多かったため、見識の高い人が多く、平清盛の愛妾となった祇王や仏御前、源義経の愛妾静御前など貴紳に愛された白拍子も多い。
- Even though women who danced shirabyoshi were prostitutes, because they often visited noblemen's residences, they were often discerning people, they were often shirabyoshi who were loved by some men of high social position and great fame; examples include Gio and Hotoke-gozen, who were much-loved mistresses of TAIRA no Kiyomori, and Shizuka-gozen, who was the much-loved mistress of MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune.
- 曹洞宗においては、俗に盂蘭盆会施餓鬼と言っているが、施す者と施される者の間に尊卑貴賤の差があると、厳に戒むべきものだとして、「施餓鬼会」を「施食会」(せじきえ)と改めて呼称している。
- In the Soto sect, it is commonly called Urabon-e Segaki, but the title of 'Segaki-e' was changed to 'Sejiki-e' because the high or the low and lord or loon should not be distinguished between the people who feed and those who are fed.
- また円融天皇の女御となった際も、入内直後に大火があったため世間から「火の宮」(内親王の皇妃を「妃の宮」と呼ぶのにかけた渾名)と呼ばれるなど、高貴な生まれにも関わらず不運の連続だった。
- After she became Nyogo of Emperor Enyu, there was a big fire after she made an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into the court, she was called 'Hinomiya' (Princess fire) her nickname was 'Hinomiya' (Imperial Princess), although she had a noble background, she had many misfortunes in her life.
- 律令制下においては貴人の死を指して崩御の他、皇太子や大臣などの死を意味する薨御、親王や三位以上の死を意味する薨去、王や女王、四位・五位以上の死を意味する卒去などの尊敬語が用いられた。
- In addition to 崩御, honorific languages, such as 薨御 that means the death of crown princes and ministers, 薨去 that means the death of imperial princes and persons with Sanmi or higher, and 卒去 that means the death of kings and princesses, and people higher than shii (Forth Rank) or goi (Fifth Rank) in the rank were used to express the death of nobles under the ritsuryo system.
- 四大絵巻と称される『源氏物語絵巻』『伴大納言絵詞』『信貴山縁起』『鳥獣人物戯画』はいずれも平安時代末期12世紀の制作とされている(ただし『鳥獣人物戯画』4巻のうち2巻は鎌倉時代制作)。
- The four major picture scrolls, that is, 'Genji Monogatari Emaki,' 'Ban Dainagon Ekotoba' (picture scrolls about Conspiracy of Otenmon gate), 'Shigisan Engi' (legends of Mt. Shigi) and 'Choju-Jinbutsu-giga' (picture scroll drawn animals and people caricatured) are considered to be produced during the end of the Heian period (in the 12th century) (however, two among the four volumes of 'Choju-Jinbutsu-giga' were produced during the Kamakura period).
- 明治維新後、通禧は外国事務総督、神奈川府知事、開拓使長官、侍従長、元老院 (日本)副議長、貴族院 (日本)副議長、枢密院 (日本)副議長を歴任し、明治17年(1884年)伯爵に叙される。
- After the Meiji Restoration, Michitomi held the posts of: Governor-general for foreign affairs, Governor of Kanagawa Prefecture, Director of the Development Comission, Grand Chamberain, Vice-president of the Chamber of Elders, Vice-president of the House of Peers and Vice-president of the Privy Council, and he was given the title of count in 1884.
- 特に貴族の社会では、母系の血筋も家門繁栄や昇進の目安であり、内親王を母に持つ者は、皇女腹(みこばら)といわれ、皇后を母とするという意味である后腹(きさいばら)と並び、尊い生まれとされた。
- Especially in the society of nobles, the genealogy of the maternal line was a criterion of prosperity of the family and promotions; and the ones whose mothers were Naishino were described as Mikobara (children by Himemiko) and regarded as the children of noble birth, along with Kisaibara (children by empress).
- そのうちには、男性神(毘沙門天、大黒天など)、女性神(吉祥天、弁才天など)、貴紳形(梵天)、天女形(吉祥天)、力士形(金剛力士)、武将形(十二神将)など、さまざまな形態や性格のものを含む。
- These deities have various appearances and nature including male deities (Bishamonten (Vaisravana), Daikokuten (Mahakala), and so on), female deities (Kisshoten (Laksmi), Benzaiten (Sarasvati, Buddhist goddess of music, learning, eloquence, wealth, longevity, and protection from natural disasters), and so on), type of kishin (nobles) (Bonten (Brahma, a major Hindu deity thought to be responsible for creating the world)), type of tennyo (a heavenly maiden) (Kisshoten), type of rikishi (strong men) Kongo Rikishi (protector deities) and type of busho (Japanese military commander) (Juni Shinsho (the twelve protective deities)), and so on.
- 日本での造営は、寛弘4年(1007年)、藤原道長が大和国金峰山山頂に造営した金峰山経塚が最古で、はじめは貴族層が末法の危機感から弥勒下生に備え、経典を後代に伝えようとした意味があるという。
- The oldest kyozuka in Japan is the one built by FUJIWARA no Michinaga on the top of Mt. Kinpo in Yamato Province in 1007. Initially, kyozuka were built by nobles, who, out of mappo-shiso (latter day) pessimism, wished to prepare themselves for the advent of Miroku (Maitreya) and to hand down Buddhist scriptures to later generations.
- 仏教関係以外の世俗絵画としてはは、宮廷や貴族の邸宅内の調度や間仕切りのため、大和絵の障子、屏風などの大画面の作品が多数制作されたはずだが、現存するものは社寺関係のやや特異な遺品のみである。
- As to earthen pictures other than Buddhist paintings, many large-sized Yamato-e works must have been done on shoji (a paper sliding door) and folding screens for furnishing or partitioning in the Imperial Court or the residence of aristocracy, but only particular examples related to shrines and temples remain in existence.
- 11世紀には、天守や外壁が石造りの城が建築されるようになるが、石造りの城は建造に長期間(数年)かかり費用も高額になるため、王や大貴族による建設が中心であり、地方では木造の城も多く残っていた。
- Castles with keeps and outside walls composed of stone were built in the eleventh century, but since the construction of stone castles was time-consuming (several years) and expensive, they were mainly built by kings or nobles, and wooden castles remained in local regions.
- 現在の城のイメージの中心となる石垣、天守や櫓 (城郭)などの形式は、室町末期以降、特に松永久秀が多聞山城や信貴山城を築城した前後や織田信長が安土城を築城した前後の時代に発生したと考えられている。
- The form of stone walls, castle towers and turrets (citadels) which were main elements of castles at the time, were created when Hisahide MATSUNAGA built Tamonyama-jo Castle and Shigisan-jo Castle after the end of Muromachi period or when Nobunaga ODA built Azuchi-jo Castle.
- 高麗壱越調 新鳥蘇、古鳥蘇、進走禿(進宿徳)、退走禿(退宿徳)、納曽利※、胡蝶※、長保楽、延喜楽、蘇利古※、綾切、新靺鞨、敷手、皇仁庭、貴徳、狛鉾、八仙 (雅楽)、仁和楽、胡徳楽、埴破、進蘇利古
- Koma-ichikotsucho tone: Shintoriso, Shinsotoku, Taisotoku, Nasori*, Kocho*, Choboraku, Engiraku, Soriko*, Ayakiri, Shinmaka, Shikite, Onnintei, Kitoku, Komaboko, Hassen (Gagaku), Ninnaraku, Kotokuraku, Hannari, Shinsoriko
- 桓武天皇の孫という高貴な生まれであるにもかかわらず、出家して天台宗の僧となって僧正の位に昇ったこと、また、歌僧の先駆の一人であることなど、遍昭は説話の主人公として恰好の性格を備えた人物であった。
- Henjo was well-suited to be the character of many stories because in spite of being noble-born as a grandchild of the Emperor Kanmu, he climbed to the position of Sojo after becoming a priest of the Tendai sect and was also one of the first priest-poets.
- その語構成からも窺えるように、「サモラフ」の原義は相手の様子をじっと窺うという意味であったが、奈良時代には既に貴人の傍らに控えて様子を窺いつつその命令が下るのを待つという意味でも使用されていた。
- As its roots suggest, the word 'samorafu' originally conveyed the meaning of carefully watching an opponent's actions; in fact, it was already used in the Nara period to communicate the idea of waiting close by to a nobleman on the lookout while awaiting instructions.
- 本来は僧侶のみが宿泊する施設であったのだが、平安時代の寺社参詣の普及により、貴族や武士、更には一般の参詣者も宿泊させるようになり、運営者も僧侶から寺院周辺の半僧半俗の経営者(御師)に移っていった。
- Originally, it was a facility in which only priests lodged, but during the Heian period, in which it became common to visit temples, they started to let nobility, samurai and even general visitors lodge, and managers began to change from priests to half-priest and half-common managers (onshi) in relation to particular temples.
- 藤原京・平城京・平安京などの大規模な首都整備、豪族・貴族の在地から首都への集住強制、納税や官人の往来のための官道整備(→日本の古代道路)などにより、畿内は日本の富が集中する経済地域となっていった。
- Because of a large-scale preparation of the capitals, such as Fujiwara-kyo Palace, Heijo-kyo Palace and Heian-kyo Palace, the compulsion of concentrated dwelling of powerful regional clans and nobles from their local lands into the capitals, and the preparation of the official roads for tax payments and government officials, (refer to the ancient roads of Japan), the provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara (Kinai region) had become an economic area in which the wealth of Japan was concentrated.
- しかし、11世紀後期に登場した後三条天皇は、延久の荘園整理令を発令して、当時増加していた有力貴族・寺社の無認可荘園を取り締まったが、法定要件を満たさない荘園は勅旨田とされ、天皇の支配下に置かれた。
- However, Emperor Gosanjo enthroned in the latter half of eleventh century announced a Decree Restricting the Expansion of Private Estates in Enkyu to clamp down on unauthorized estates of powerful peerage, and shrines and temples; the estate that didn't fulfill legal requirements was regarded as Chokushiden and placed under the control of the Emperor.
- しかし、その跡継ぎ聖武天皇には安積親王薨去後はついに男子の跡継ぎが生まれず、一族藤原氏と他氏貴族との権力闘争などもあいまって、崩御後20年も経たないうちに天武皇統は事実上断絶してしまう事となった。
- Her son, the Emperor Shomu, however, failed to produce single male heir after the Prince Asaka died, which, coupled with power struggle between the Fujiwara family and other noble families, practically led to the extinction of the lineage of the Emperor Tenmu, less than 20 years from the emperor's demise.
- ロシア帝国では、上記の諸国のような貴族的称号ではないが、皇太子に対して「皇帝(ツァーリ)の息子」という意味の語である「ツァレヴィチ(царевич, tsarevich)」という呼称が用いられた。
- In the Russian Empire, the word 'царевич, tsarevich' that means 'son of czar' was used instead of the aristocratic title in the above countries.
- この時代の武士はその住宅建築の基本は平安貴族の生活の舞台であった寝殿造においていたが、生活活動内容は公家や殿上人などとは異なるものであるので、当然住居もそれに相応して変革が加えられているとみられる。
- In this era, the basic architecture of samurai residences was based on Shinden-zukuri style buildings, which were the main living space of nobles during the Heian period, but it seems that since the lifestyle of samurai differed from Court nobles and tenjobito (high-ranking courtiers allowed into the Imperial Palace), the style of residences was changed accordingly.
- 熊野那智大社では「瀧宮」(祭神 大己貴命(飛瀧権現)、本地仏 千手観音)を第一殿として、以下一殿ずつ繰り下げとなり、中四社・下四社の八神を第六殿(八社殿)に祀り、あわせて「十三所権現」となっている。
- Kumano Nachi Taisha Shrine regards 'Ryugu' (enshrined deity: Onamuchi no mikoto [Hiro Gongen], honji-butsu: Senju Kannon) as the first shrine, the rest are lowered by one, and the eight deities of the middle four shrines and lower four shrines are enshrined in the sixth shrine (Hassha den [eight deities' shrine]), which totals to 'Jusanjo gongen.'
- その神祇伯の重要性と、源氏という最も高貴な血筋、及び顕広王の室で仲資王の母が大中臣氏である上に、顕康王が有力な村上源氏の源顕房の猶子となっているという、多くの要素により、王氏復帰が成立したのである。
- The Akihiro-o's return to the O clan was attributed to various factors: in addition to the above mentioned importance of Jingi haku and the paramount nobility of the lineage of the Minamoto clan, the Akihiro-o's wife, who was also the mother of Nakasuke-o, had come from the Onakatomi clan, and his father Akiyasu-o was an adopted child of MINAMOTO no Akifusa, who belonged to the influential Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan).
- 作庭記などによるこれまでの研究成果によって典型的な形態は一般的に三位以上の上流貴族の邸宅にみられ、敷地は平安京の条坊保町の制により方一町を標準に、敷地の周りに築地がめぐらされ、通常は南以外に門がある。
- The study of Sakuteiki (Treatise on Garden Making) and other materials shows that the typical style was generally for high-ranked aristocrats higher than the sani rank, and each site is one cho (120 m) square, based on Jobohocho-sei of Heiankyo (town demarcation plan of the then Capital Kyoto in the tenth century) surrounded by Tsukiji (mud walls), usually having gates other than on the south.
- それに加えて、遣唐使の廃止によって国風文化が台頭するようになると、貴族社会を中心に仏教崇敬の風潮が強まって大学寮の教官や学生の間でも授業を離れれば、密教や新興の浄土教などに深い関心を寄せるようになった。
- In addition to this, when Kokufu Bunka (Japan's original national culture) became popular with the abolition of Kento-shi (Japanese envoy to the Tang Dynasty), a trend to worship Buddhism began to spread mainly in the aristocratic society, strongly interesting the teachers and the students of Daigakuryo to Esoteric Buddhism and the Jodo (Pure Land) sect, a sect which was emerging at the time, once they were away from their classes.
- 近世における地名としての暗部山に目を向けると、「都花月名所」では暗部山は鞍馬山のことであるとしているが、「都名所圖會」、「山城名勝志」などでは、鞍馬山の西に位置する貴船山が暗部山のことであるとしている。
- When paying attention to Mt. Kurabu as an area name in modern times, it is said in 'Miyako-kagetsu-meisho' (Beauty spots of cherry blossom and moon-viewing) that Mt. Kurabu indicates Mt. Kurama, but it is also said in 'Miyako-meisho-ezu' (Pictures of beauty spots in the capital) and in 'Yamashiro-meisho-shi' (books describing various aspects of Yamashiro Province) that Mt. Kurabu indicates Mt. Kibune located in the west side of Mt. Kurama.
- これは国内の主要な雑誌の収録記事を目録化したもので、索引の範囲は主に学術誌など調査上の利用に対する要求が大きい雑誌に限定されているものの、通常の目録では検索されにくい雑誌記事の目録として貴重なものである。
- This is a catalogue of articles of major Japanese periodicals, and is valued as a catalogue for periodicals that cannot be easily searched using other regular catalogues, even though its scope of indexing is primarily limited to periodicals with high demand for searching, such as academic periodicals, etc.
- 邦英王は、1930年(昭和5年)5月に成年となり、貴族院皇族議員となったが、東伏見宮家の祭祀を継承するため、1931年(昭和6年)4月に願いにより「東伏見」の家名を賜い、華族に列せられ、伯爵を授けられた。
- Prince Kunihide reached adulthood in May 1930 to be an Imperial representative of the House of Peers, but, to take over religious services of the Higashifushiminomiya family, he asked for and received a family name of 'Higashifushimi' in April 1931 to become a peer with a countship.
- その一方で妃の存在は、外戚としての政治参加を期待する藤原氏のような貴族にとっては障害となる制度であり、実際に藤原基経の娘藤原穏子の醍醐天皇への入内が為子内親王が妃であることを理由に阻まれたと言われている。
- On the other hand, the presence of Hi was an obstacle to nobles like Fujiwara clan who were expecting to participate in politics as a maternal relative, and actually a daughter of FUJIWARA no Mototsune, FUJIWARA no Onshi was blocked to enter into the court because the Imperial Princess Ishi was Hi.
- 室町時代にも荘園は存続したが、中央貴族・寺社・武士・在地領主などの権利・義務が重層的かつ複雑にからむ状況が生まれる一方、自立的に発生した村落=惣村による自治が出現し、荘園は緩やかに解体への道を歩み始めた。
- Also during the Muromachi period shoens continued, but while the rights and duties of central aristocrats, temples and shrines, samurais, local lords and so on began to be complicated in a multi-layered way, the autonomous control by the independently emerging village = soson (a community consisting of peasants' self-governing association) started and shoens began to disappear slowly.
- もっとも、このことの裏を返せば、家系がはっきりしている場合をのぞいて(特に庶民の場合)、家紋と血筋が一致するとは限らないことを表している(高貴な家と家紋が同じであっても、その家に血筋が繋がるとはいえない)。
- Kamon does not necessarily correspond to blood line except in cases where descent is clear (especially among common people) (even if Kamon is common in a noble family, it does not mean they have common blood).
- 中世熊野詣において京の院や貴族たちが熊野に赴いた際のように、九十九王子を順拝し参詣の道を歩く行為それ自体に信仰上の意義が見出す立場からは、これらの高野・熊野を結ぶ道は単に最短経路という以上のものでしかない。
- Like the imperial family and nobles of Kyoto in the Muromachi period visited Kumano, people in the Edo period visited Kujuku Oji (a series of shrines which were established from the 12th century to the 13th century by the Kumano Shugen priests) and walked the pilgrimage roads, however, for the people who appreciated the religious significance of such visiting and walking, the roads connecting Koya and Kumano were just the shortest routes for their purpose.
- 天皇は日本の歴史において重要な権威を有していたが、実際に君主として統治権を行使していた期間は、天皇が存在していた期間と比べ極端に短く、ほとんどが天皇以外の貴族や武家、官僚などによって統治権は行使されている。
- The Emperor held important authority in Japanese history, but the length of the period which the Emperor held the actual sovereignty as the ruler is extremely short compared to the length of the period the Emperor had existed, and most of the sovereignty was held by nobilities other than the Emperor, samurai families, bureaucracy, etc.
- 「探幽縮図」と称される探幽筆の古画模写は多数現存しており、各地の美術館や収集家が所蔵しているが、これらには今日では原画が失われてしまった古画の模写も多数含まれており、日本絵画史研究上、貴重な資料となっている。
- Many of Tanyu's copies of ancient paintings (called 'Tanyu Reduction') are existent, which are now part of museums and collections around the nation, and they include many copies of ancient paintings whose originals are now lost, so they are valuable as data for the study of Japanese art history.
- 念佛の行者は智慧をも愚癡をも捨て、善惡の境界をも捨て、貴賤高下の道理をも捨て、地獄をおそるる心をも捨て、極樂を願ふ心をも捨て、又諸宗の悟をも捨て、一切の事を捨てて申す念佛こそ、彌陀超世の本願に尤もかなひ候へ。
- Nenbutsu devotees should throw out wisdom and doubts, throw out the differentiation between good and evil, throw out the distinction between high and low social standing, throw out fear for Hell, throw out hope for the Buddhist paradise, and throw out enlightenment of various sects, and when you practice nenbutsu throwing out everything, it comes closest to the transcendent, Original Vow of Amida.
- ※法華経のうち、提婆達多品には八歳の竜女が即身成仏したことが説かれているため、我が国では古来より法華経を女人成仏の経典として貴ばれており、聖武天皇の命により全国に設置された国分尼寺には必ず法華経が安置された。
- * As it is preached in Daibadatta-bon (Chapter on 'Devadatta,' the 12th chapter of Hoke-kyo) that an eight year old dragon girl did Sokushin Jobutsu (attaining Buddhahood with the present body), thus in Japan, Hoke-kyo has been respected from ancient times as a doctrine in which women become a Buddha, and Hoke-kyo enshrined in kokubun-niji (nunnery temples) built all over Japan by the order of Emperor Shomu.
- 天武天皇8年(679年)5月6日 (旧暦)、天武天皇が吉野に行幸した際、鵜野讃良皇后(後の持統天皇)も列席する中、草壁皇子・大津皇子・高市皇子・忍壁皇子・志貴皇子と共に一同結束を誓う「吉野の盟約」に参加した。
- On May 6, 679, when Emperor Tenmu visited Yoshino, he participated in the Yoshino Pact to swear the unity of Prince Kusakabe, Prince Otsu, Prince Takechi, Prince Osakabe, and Prince Shiki in the face of Empress Uno no Sarara (later Emperor Jito).
- 江戸時代以降は皇族・貴族以外の男性の間では殆ど廃絶、又、悪臭や手間、そして老けた感じになることが若い女性から敬遠されたこともあって既婚女性、未婚でも18~20才以上の女性、及び、遊女、芸妓の化粧として定着した。
- Since the Edo period, it was almost abolished among men other than the royalty and the aristocrats, moreover, young women refrained from this practice because it was stinky, time-consuming, and made them feel aged, therefore it became a form of make-up exclusively used by married women, single women above 18 or 20, prostitutes or geishas.
- 兄猾(兄宇迦斯、えうかし)が神武天皇に押機(おし)という罠を仕掛けた際、道臣は兄猾に「おまえが作った屋敷には、貴様自身が入れ」と述べ、剣の柄を握り、弓に矢をつがえ追い込み、兄猾は自身の罠に押しつぶされて死んだ。
- When Eukashi set up a trap called 'Oshi' (crusher) to kill Emperor Jinmu, Michinoomi said to Eukashi, you should step in first, now that you yourself made the residence,' and as he forced Eukashi to enter his residence with the trap, gripping the sword by the hilt and fixing the arrow to the bow with the tip of the arrow to him, Eukashi was smashed by his own trap and died.
- また、臨時度としては官寺における定員の不足、天皇などの貴人の病気回復などを祈願したもの、貴族などへの褒賞の一環として当該貴族に特定人数の得度(の推挙)を許してその貴族による善行の積み重ねを助けたものなどが挙げられる。
- Also, rinjido were hold in the occasions such as a shortage of priests in official temples, praying for restoration from illness and so on to nobilities such as the Emperor, and helping nobilities, who were permitted to approve fixed number of tokudo as an award by the government to nobilities, to accumulate good deeds.
- 『風信帖』は、「風信雲書、自天翔臨」(風の如きお便り、雲の如き御筆跡が天から私の所へ翔臨してまいりました)、『久隔帖』は、「久隔清音、馳恋無極」(久しくごぶさたしていますが、深く貴台を懐かしく思っております)で始まる。
- 'Fushinjo' starts with, 'I received a letter from the heavens with writing like clouds, and it flew onto me like a wind,' while 'Kyukakujo' starts, 'I have not seen you in a while. I have missed you.'
- 武士は当初、「侍」に象徴されるように天皇・貴族の警護や紛争の鎮圧を任とする階層であったが、平清盛の平氏政権を経て鎌倉幕府の成立に至り、旧来の支配権力である朝廷・国司・荘園に対して全国の軍事・警察を担う公権力に発展した。
- Bushi were firstly in the class which guarded the Emperor and aristocrats and suppressed the conflicts as symbolized in 'samurai,' but when the Kamakura bakufu was established through the Taira clan government by TAIRA no Kiyomori, bushi developed into the official authority which were in charge of military affairs and police activities against the Imperial Court, kokushi (provincial governors) and shoen which were traditionally ruling powers.
- また、斯波家長は奥州総大将として南朝方の北畠顕家らと対抗し、自身は若くして戦死するも、その子孫は室町将軍家と同族という貴種性により奥羽一帯で指導的役割を果たすこととなった(奥羽における斯波氏については奥州斯波氏を参照)。
- Furthermore, Ienaga SHIBA, as a supreme commander of Oshu, confronted Akiie KITABATAKE and others of the Southern Court and he himself died young in battle; however, his descendants, who were of noble birth and in the same family as the Muromachi shogunate family, ended up playing a leadership role in all over the Ou (Mutsu Province and Dewa Province) region (for the Shiba clan in Ou region, refer to the Oshu Shiba clan).
- 日本の桓武天皇が延暦9年壬辰12月1日 (旧暦)(791年1月9日)に外祖父母を追贈した際の詔において「春秋之義。祖以子貴。此則礼經之垂典。帝王之恒範。」として、礼制に適った行為であることを強調している(『続日本紀』)。
- When Emperor Kanmu of Japan raised his maternal grand parents to higher rank posthumously on January 13, 791, he emphasized that his act follows the system of rites by saying '春秋之義。祖以子貴。此則礼經之垂典。帝王之恒範。' in his imperial decree ('Shoku Nihongi' - Chronicles of Japan Continued).
- 白河天皇以降院政が定着するとともに、当時貴族社会の中で徐々に一般化しつつあった家職観念のもと、天皇位と天皇家の家督が分離し、家督者(治天の君)となった者が本来の天皇の権限を執行し、皇位継承者を指名(譲国)するようになった。
- As the cloistered government became established after Emperor Shirakawa, under the concept of the family business that gradually became common in noble society at that time, the imperial throne and the head of the imperial family were separated, by which the head of the family ('chiten no kimi' - the retired Emperor who organizes politics) came to operate the essential imperial authority to designate an heir to the imperial throne.
- しかしながら、続く平城天皇朝の大同2年(807年)に当時政権№2,3の座にあった、藤原雄友(是公の子:大納言)・藤原乙叡(継縄の子:中納言)が伊予親王の変により失脚し、仲麻呂に続き、豊成・乙麻呂の系統も中央貴族としては衰退した。
- However, in 807, during the era of Emperor Heijo, FUJIWARA no Otomo (son of the Korekimi, or Dainagon (chief councilor of state)) and FUJIWARA no otoei/Tadatoshi (son of the Tsugutada, or Chunagon (vice-councilor of state)), who were in the second and third positions of the political power at the time, fell from power as a result of Iyo Shinno no Hen (the Conspiracy of Imperial Prince Iyo), whereby the family lines of Toyonari and Otomaro declined as the central nobility, followed by the fall of Nakamaro.
- やがて貴族や官僚が蹴鞠に熱中して仕事をおろそかにしたり、娼妓が男たちの好きな蹴鞠をおぼえて客たちを店に誘う口実にしたりすることが目立ったため、明初期には蹴鞠の禁止令が出され、さらに清における禁止令で中国からはほぼ完全に姿を消した。
- Soon, aristocrats and bureaucrats became so enthusiastic about kemari that duties were neglected, and prostitutes who learnt men's favorite kemari and used this as an excuse to invite customers to their shops became so conspicuous that during the early Ming Dynasty, the Chinese government issued a prohibition ordinance against kemari; this prohibition continued into the Qing Dynasty, and kemari almost disappeared completely from China.
- 著名な平氏出身者としては例えば東国に独立政権を樹立しようとして失敗した下総国・常陸国の平将門、時代が下って貴族政権で台頭した平清盛の先祖も東国出身の土着平氏であり、これを倒した源頼朝を支えた坂東平氏も同じ土着系平氏の末裔であった。
- Famous members of the Taira clan included the following: TAIRA no Masakado of Shimousa Province and Hitachi Province, who tried but failed to establish an independent government in Togoku; TAIRA no Kiyomori, who led the aristocratic government; and the Bando-Heishi, supporters of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who had toppled Kiyomori; ironically, both Kiyomori and the Bando-Heishi could trace their ancestry back to the lineage of the Taira clan that was native to the Togoku.
- 前述したように、「サブラヒ」はその後「サブライ」→「サムライ」と語形変化を遂げていったが、地位に関係なく武士全般をこの種の語で呼ぶようになったのは、江戸時代近くからであり、それまでは貴族や将軍などの家臣である上級武士に限定されていた。
- As mentioned before, 'saburahi' changed to 'saburai' and then 'samurai,' but this word was used to indicate bushi in general regardless of position from around the Edo period, but until then, it was only used to indicate the aristocrats or higher-ranking bushi who were the vassals of the shogun.
- 平安時代になって末法思想が蔓延するにしたがい源信_(僧侶)らによって平安初期には貴族、平安後期には一般民衆と広く布教されるようになり、鎌倉初期には預修十王生七経から更なる偽経の『地蔵菩薩発心因縁十王経』(略して『地蔵十王経』)が生み出された。
- In the early Heian period when Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief) prevailed, it was expounded by the monk Genshin and others to the nobility in the early Heian period and then widely to ordinary people in the late Heian period, and early in the early Kamakura period, 'Jizo Bosatsu Hosshin Innen Juo-kyo Sutra' ('Jizojuo-kyo' for short), which was also a bogus sutra, was created based on Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra (Yuxiu Shiwang Shengqijing).
- 新法第十九条第三項の規定による輸出又は輸入に係る届出の対象となる同条第一項に規定する支払手段又は証券若しくは貴金属を施行日に輸出し、又は輸入しようとする居住者又は非居住者は、施行日の前日において、同条第三項の規定の例により届け出ることができる。
- The method of payment prescribed in Article 19, paragraph (1) of the New Act which is subject to notification pertaining to import or export under paragraph (3) of the said Article, or a resident or a non-resident who intends to import or export securities or precious metals on the date of enforcement, may give notification in accordance with the provision of paragraph (3) of the said Article as on the previous day of the date of enforcement.
- 大学頭東坊城任長の子、位階勲等子爵、貴族院議員東坊城徳長は、20歳にして製作会社「入江ぷろだくしょん」を設立した戦前の映画女優入江たか子(出生名東坊城英子、長女)、戦前の日活撮影所等で活躍した映画俳優・脚本家・映画監督の東坊城恭長(三男)兄妹の父、
- Yoshinaga HIGASHIBOJO, a son of Tadanaga HIGASHIBOJO who was the Director of the Bureau of Education, a Viscount, and a member of the House of Lords, had a daughter, Takako IRIE (born Hideko HIGASHIBOJO, the eldest daughter) who was a prewar movie actress establishing a production company 'Irie Production' at the age of 20, and a son, Yasunaga HIGASHIBOJO (the third son) who was a movie actor, a scriptwriter, and a movie director working actively for the Nikkatsu Studio in the prewar period.
- 聖徳太子が生きていた奈良時代から調度や器物には装飾目的として様々な文様が描かれてきたが、平安時代になると次第に調度品に文様を描くことはの視覚的な美しさだけでなく、公家(貴族)といった朝廷に仕える人々が各家固有の他家と区別する目印としての特色が帯びてきた。
- Since the Nara Period, when Shotokutaishi (Prince Shotoku) lived, various designs had decorated furniture and dishes which later were not only for artistic quality, but also to distinguish the property of Kuge who served the Imperial court.
- 昭和61年(1986年)から平成元年(1989年)にかけて、奈良市二条大路南のそごうデパート建設予定地で奈良文化財研究所による発掘調査が行われ、昭和63年(1988年)に奈良時代の貴族邸宅址が大量の木簡(長屋王家木簡)とともに発見され、長屋王邸と判明した。
- Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties carried out excavation and research at a planned construction site of a Sogo department store at Nijo-oji Street Minami, Nara City, in 1986 to 1989, and found the ruins of a residence of a noble in Nara period, which was proved to be the residence of Prince Nagaya, together with a lot of mokkan (long and narrow wood plates written with a brush) (mokkan of the Prince Nagaya family) in 1988.
- 三室戸敬光は昭和初期に貴族院 (日本)議員(会派は研究会)に互選され、特に1935年(昭和10年)に起こったいわゆる天皇機関説問題に際して、男爵菊池武夫 (陸軍軍人)議員とともに美濃部達吉を追求し辞職に追い込み、さらには国体明徴声明を岡田内閣に出させている。
- During the early Showa period, Yukimitsu MIMURODO was elected a member of the House of Peers (belonging to the group 'Kenkyukai') through mutual election; and in a dispute over the 'Emperor as an organ of government Theory' started in 1935, Yukimitsu, together with another member of the House, Baron Takeo KIKUCHI (a Japanese Imperial Army soldier), questioned Tatsukichi MINOBE, the advocate of the theory, and forced him to resign from the House of Peers, and also, made the Okada Cabinet to issue the Kokutai Meicho proclamation.
- 国立国会図書館の各サービスポイント、すなわち東京本館、関西館、国際子ども図書館などを利用者が直接訪れる来館利用では、利用に許可の必要な貴重書や特別の事情があって利用の制限されている資料を除き、国立国会図書館の所蔵する膨大な資料が利用者の求めに応じて提供される。
- In on-site user services, meaning the services for users who physically visit each of the NDL service points (i.e. the Tokyo Main Library, the Kansai-kan, the International Library of Children's Literature, etc.), enormous amounts of materials possessed by the NDL are made available based on user request, except for rare books that require special approval for viewing and materials whose usage is limited for special reasons.
- 1972年10月10日、日本国有鉄道により日本の鉄道開業100周年を記念して京都市下京区にある梅小路機関区の扇形庫を活用して開設され、1世紀にわたり、日本の鉄道輸送を支え続けた蒸気機関車を貴重な産業文化財と位置づけ、その動態保存を目的とした日本初の施設である。
- On October 10, 1972, the Japan National Railway opened a semicircular garage at the Umekoji engine yard in Shimogyou-ku, Kyoto in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the first railway in Japan. The first of its kind, this facility preserves working steam locomotives, honoring them as precious artifacts of industrial culture that supported the Japanese rail transport system.
- 武蔵府中熊野神社古墳は日本国内でもまれな上円下方墳であり、当時の武蔵国最大級の古墳で、古墳造営直後には近隣に武蔵国府が設置されるなど、古墳の考古学的価値と並んで社会的に見ても貴重な遺跡であることが評価され、2005年(平成17年)7月14日、国の史跡に指定された。
- Musashi Fuchu Kumano Jinja Tumulus was designated as a national historical site on July 14, 2005 for the following reasons: it is a rare tomb with a dome-shaped mound on a square base in Japan; it is one of the largest tumuli built in the ancient Musashi Province; and it is archaeologically and sociologically valuable remains since Musashi Fokufu was established nearby immediately after its construction.
- 中国、日本では、月を愛でるという習慣が古くからあり、日本では縄文時代ごろからあるといわれ平安時代ごろから中国から月見の祭事が伝わると貴族などの間で観月の宴や舟遊び(直接月を見るのではなく船などにのったりして水面に揺れる月を楽しむ)など歌を詠んだり酒を飲んだりした。
- China and Japan have had the custom of appreciating the moon since ancient times, and particularly in Japan it is said that the custom has existed since the Jomon period; after the festival of moon viewing was introduced from China around the Heian period, the nobles had Kangetsu parties and boating parties (to enjoy the reflection of the moon swinging on the water surface from a boat, instead of viewing the moon directly) in which they would compose poems and enjoy drinking.
- この反乱は朝廷の勲功認定を目的に全国から集結した武士たちによって鎮圧され、武芸の家、すなわち、武士として公認された家系は、承平天慶勲功者の子孫ということになり、「武」が貴族の家としての「家業」となり、武家としての清和源氏や桓武平氏、秀郷流藤原氏もこの時に確定した。
- These revolts were quelled by the bushi who came together from across Japan to get the approval of their deeds of valor from the Imperial Court and the families of military art, that is, the family lines publicly authorized as bushi were considered as the descendants of Johei Tengyo kunkosha (people who served with distinguish in the Johei and Tengyo War) and '武' (military affair) became a 'family business' of the aristocrat family and Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan), Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) and the Fujiwara clan of the Hidesato line were established as military families at this time.
- また、仮に需要があったとしてもそもそも銅の生産量が絶対的に少なかった当時の日本では実物貨幣に代わるだけの銅銭の製造は始めから困難であった(銅鉱の発見を機に元号を「和銅」と改めてしまう程当時銅は貴重であり、また後述のように時代が下るにつれて急速に品質が悪化している)。
- Also, even if there had been enough demand, the volume of copper production had been absolutely small, which made it impossible, from the beginning, to supply sufficient copper coins and substitute material money then-current in Japan (copper was so precious then in Japan that its era was renamed 'Wado (literally, Japanese copper),' upon discovery of copper ore mines, and, as described afterward, the quality of copper coins had rapidly deteriorated as time went on.)
- たとえば、17世紀初頭に刊行された『日葡辞書』では、BuxiやMononofuはそれぞれ「武人」「軍人」という訳語が与えられているのに対して、Saburaiは「貴人、または尊敬すべき人」と訳されていることからも、侍が武士階層の中でも特別な存在であったことは窺えよう。
- For example, 'the Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam' (Nipojisho, Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary), published in early seventeen century, gave the meaning of the terms Buxi and Mononofu as 'bujin' (warrior) and 'gunjin' (military man), respectively, however, Saburai was translated as 'a nobleman or person to be respected', suggesting that samurai were special people within the bushi class.
- ただし、天守のような象徴的な建物は安土城以前に全くなかったわけではなく、1469年前後の江戸城にあった太田道灌の静勝軒、摂津国伊丹城(兵庫県伊丹市)、また松永久秀が永禄年間(1558年 - 1569年)に築いた大和国多聞山城や信貴山城の四階櫓などが各地に造られていた。
- However, symbolic structures like Tenshu were not absolutely nonexistent before Azuchi-jo Castle was built; examples from various places include Seishoken of Dokan OTA which had been in Edo-jo Castle around 1469, Settsu Province Itami-jo Castle (Itami City, Hyogo Prefecture), Yamato Province, Tamonyama-jo Castle built by Hisahide MATSUNAGA in the Eiroku era (1558-1569), and the Yonkai Yagura (four-story turret) in Shigisan-jo Castle.
- 財務大臣は、この法律若しくはこの法律に基づく命令の規定の確実な実施を図るため必要があると認めるとき又は国際収支の均衡若しくは通貨の安定を維持するため特に必要があると認めるときは、貴金属を輸出し又は輸入しようとする居住者又は非居住者に対し、政令で定めるところにより、許可を受ける義務を課することができる。
- When the Minister of Finance finds it necessary for assured enforcement of provisions of this Act or orders based on this Act or when he/she finds it particularly necessary for maintaining equilibrium of the international balance of trade or stability of currency, he/she may impose, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Order, on a resident or a non-resident who intends to import or export precious metal, the obligation to obtain permission.
- 武士の起源については、従来は新興地方領主層が自衛の必要から武装した面を重視する説が主流であったが、近年は清和源氏や桓武平氏のような軍事貴族や下級官人層から構成される戦士身分が起源であり、彼らが平安後期の荘園公領制成立期から荘園領主や国衙と結びついて所領経営者として発展していったとみる説が提唱されている。
- As for the origin of bushi, the theory that the class of emerging local lords were armed because of a need for self-defense was traditionally mainstream, but recently a theory proposed that its origin is the warrior status which consisted of the military aristocrats such as Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) or Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) or lower-ranking government officials and they were linked with the owners of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) or kokuga from the formation period of shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates) and developed into the managers of the shoryo (territory).
- さてその「サブラフ」の連用形から平安時代に「サブラヒ」という名詞が生まれたわけであるが、その原義は「主君の側近くで面倒を見ること、またその人」で、後に朝廷に仕える官人でありながら同時に上級貴族に伺候した中下級の技能官人層を指すようになり、そこからそうした技能官人の一角を構成した「武士」を指すようになった。
- The conjunctive form of 'saburafu' became 'saburahi' in the Heian period, and while this originally meant 'a person who is on hand to take care of and serve his/her lord' (or the act of doing so), it later came to mean ginou kanjin of low to middle rank who served upper class aristocrats at the Imperial Court, before finally coming to indicate only one type of ginou kanjin: the 'bushi.'
- 「躍り」とは言わず「舞」とする点を見てもわかるように、極度に硬い描線と身体の緊張を核として簡素な動きのなかに豊富なイメージを描き出そうとする舞であり、初代井上八千代が近衛家、一条家や仙洞御所づとめの折に能に示唆を得て貴顕の前に披露しても恥ずかしくない舞踊を作ったという口伝をそのままに体現した舞踊であるといえる。
- As the use of the word 'mai' instead of 'odori' suggests in Japanese, the dance is characterized by extremely rigid movements and tension of the body, yet creating rich images with simple motions; inspired by Noh dances when she worked for the Konoe Family, Ichijo Family, and the Sento Imperial Palace, the founder of this dance, Yachiyo INOUE, created a dance that was presentable in front of distinguished persons, and its teaching has been passed down by word of mouth ever since.
- 財務大臣は、法第十九条第一項又は第二項の規定に基づき居住者又は非居住者による同条第一項に規定する支払手段又は証券若しくは貴金属(以下「支払手段等」という。)の輸出又は輸入について許可を受ける義務を課する場合には、あらかじめ、告示により、その許可を受けなければならない支払手段等の輸出又は輸入を指定してするものとする。
- Where the Minister of Finance imposes, pursuant to Article 19, paragraph (1) or (2) of the Act, the obligation to obtain permission for import or export of the means of payment or securities prescribed in paragraph (1) of the said Article, or precious metal (hereinafter referred to as the 'means of payment, etc.')) by a resident or a non-resident, he/she shall do so designating, in advance, by a public notice, the import or export of the means of payment, etc. that require permission.
- 当時の政府発表(最終のもの)によれば、大嘗祭が「国事行為」とされなかった理由は、憲法上の天皇の「国事行為」とは漠然と国に関わる行為を指すものではなく、すべて「内閣の助言と承認」を必要とするものであり、皇室の伝統祭祀である大嘗祭は「国事行為」に当たらない(大嘗祭は政務上の「国事行為」と次元を異にする尊貴な行為である)ためである。
- According to the final announcement of the government at that time, the Onie no matsuri Festival was not considered as a state act, because unlike the emperor's state acts, which were not related to the state vaguely but needed advisement and authorization of the ministry, the Onie no matsuri Festival, a traditional noble ritual, was in a different category to the state acts belonging to the affairs of State, and thus was not considered as a state act.
- 簡単にいえば、武官は「官人として武装しており、律令官制の中で訓練を受けた常勤の公務員的存在」であるのに対して、武士は「10世紀に成立した新式の武芸を家芸とし、武装を朝廷や国府から公認された「下級貴族」、「下級官人」、「有力者の家人中世の家人」からなる人々」であって、律令官制の訓練機構で律令制式の武芸を身につけた者ではなかった。
- Simply speaking, military officers were 'government officials (espcially one of low to medium rank) who were armed and a full-time government [public] employee-like officials trained under the Ritsuryo-system,' while the bushi were 'the people who consisted of a 'lower ranking nobles,' 'lower ranking government officials' and 'people from powerful or medieval families' who regarded the new military art established during the 10th century as their iegei and were officially authorized to be armed by the Imperial Court or kokufu (provincial office)' and they did not acquire the military art of the Ritsuryo-system style in the training institution of the organization of the government according to the Ritsuryo codes.
- しかしながら、こういった立憲君主との考えをば大衆をして浸透しなかったようで(それは美濃部の弁明を新聞で読んだ大衆の反応と、貴族院 (日本)での反応の温度差に明らかであり)、一連の騷動以後は天皇主権説が台頭したため、それらの論者は往々にしてこの立憲君主の考えを「西洋由来の学説の無批判の受け入れである(『國體の本義』より要約)」と断じた。
- However, it seems that the idea of the constitutional monarchy didn't prevail to the public (this was obvious from the difference in reactions between of the public who had read Minobe's explanation on newspapers and of the House of Peers [Japan]), and since the theory of the imperial sovereignty got an advantage after a series of turmoil, these people tended to advocate that the idea of the constitutional monarch was 'uncritical acceptance of western theory (summarized from 'Kokutai no Hongi' [the primordial doctrine of the national]).'
- また、『綜藝種智院式并序』において「物の興廃は必ず人に由る, 人の昇沈は定んで道にあり」と、学校の存続が運営に携わる人の命運に左右される不安定なものであることを認めたうえで、「一人恩を降し、三公力をあわせ、諸氏の英貴諸宗の大徳、我と志を同じうせば、百世継ぐを成さん」と、天皇、大臣諸侯や仏教諸宗の支持・協力のもとに運営することで恒久的な存続を図る方針を示している。
- In 'Shugeishuchiin shiki-narabini-jo,' he wrote his policy of maintaining the facility permanently through operations under the support and cooperation of Emperor, ministers, lords and all Buddhist sects, as described in the following: First, he admitted that the existence of the school was unstable, depending on the destiny of the persons operating it, saying 'The prosperity and demise always depends on the persons concerned, and the ups and downs of a person always depends on whether the person conducts himself or herself correctly or not, and then he described 'This school will exist for 100 generations, if a person shows favors, three high level bureaucrats (sanko) cooperate, and with the noble and prosperous clans and the big virtues of various sects, their aspirations are the same as those of mine.'
- 一説に、こうした鈴鹿王の立身の背景には、無念の思いを抱いて死んだ長屋王の霊を鎮めたいという朝廷の意図が込められていたといわれているが、その一方で天平9年の疫病によって議政官級の皇族・貴族のほとんどが死去してしまい、大臣に就任できる要件を満たした人材がいなくなってしまったために、大臣と同格で皇族であることが唯一の条件であった知太政官事を急遽立てなければならないという切迫した事情も介在していた。
- While there is a theory that such speedy promotion of Suzuka no Okimi was the results of the Imperial Court's influence, who intended to appease the spirit of Nagayao, who died feeling mortified, another theory says that as a plague in 737 killed most members of the Imperial Family and nobles working in the Giseikan (Legislature), leaving very few princes and nobles meeting the requirements to fill ministerial positions, there was a desperate need to quickly fill in the position of Chidaijoikanji whose only requirement was being a member of the Imperial Family and in a position equivalent to the ministers.
- 土地は、現在及び将来における国民のための限られた貴重な資源であること、国民の諸活動にとって不可欠の基盤であること、その利用が他の土地の利用と密接な関係を有するものであること、その価値が主として人口及び産業の動向、土地利用の動向、社会資本の整備状況その他の社会的経済的条件により変動するものであること等公共の利害に関係する特性を有していることにかんがみ、土地については、公共の福祉を優先させるものとする。
- Considering that land has the characteristics of being related to public interest, such as the fact that it is a finite, precious resource for citizens both at present and in the future, that it is an indispensable basis for citizens' activities, that the use of a certain piece of land is closely linked with the use of other pieces of land, and that the value of land fluctuates mainly based on the trends of population and industry, trends of land use, the state of development of social infrastructure, and other social and economic conditions, public welfare shall take precedence with regard to land.