象: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 城の象徴
- Serve as a symbol of the castle
- 登録の対象
- Properties subject to registration
- Candidates for registry
- 現象 鬼火
- Phenomenon: Oni-bi (unidendifiable fireball floating in the air)
- 救済の対象
- Object of salvation
- 礼拝の対象
- Object of Worship
- The subject of raihai
- 号は等象斎。
- His Buddhist name was Toshosai (等象斎).
- 対象商品・業態
- Products and Services
- 国宝指定の対象
- The types of items that can be designated national treasures
- 森羅万象の擬人化
- The personification of shinrabansho
- 指定対象の多様化
- Diversification of the candidate scope of designation
- 日本人の精神の象徴
- The symbol of Japanese spirit
- 対象読者による分類
- Classification by target reader
- 山岳仏教の対象の山
- The mountains worshipped in Mountain Buddhism
- 事象関連機能的MRI
- event-related fMRI
- (海)水を象徴する。
- This symbolizes (sea) water.
- 象牙製の撥を用いる。
- It is played with bachi made of ivory.
- 堂本印象『訶梨帝母』
- Hariti (the goddess of childbirth and children) by Insho DOMOTO
- アーカイブ対象ファイル
- archived file
- 小面は若い女性を象る。
- Koomote (young face) masks are modeled on the female face.
- 対象は原則として個人。
- The target of the prize is generally an individual.
- 十二天将が象徴するもの
- Symbolism of Juni Tensho
- 十二月将が象徴するもの
- Symbolism of Juni Gessho
- 形象埴輪(家形・蓋など)
- Figurative haniwa (house shapes, lids and, so on)
- 礼服の場合は象牙を用いる。
- Ivory is used for the raifuku.
- 焼く対象を「賽の神」と呼ぶ。
- The object that is to be burned is called 'Sai no kami.'
- 日本では信仰の対象となった。
- In Japan it was a subject of faith.
- 長寿延命、縁結びもその対象。
- Longevity and matchmaking are also included in this prayer.
- 須弥山を象ったものとされる。
- Shumidan is said to be made in the shape of Mt. Sumeru (Buddhism as the highest mountain in the world).
- 『禅林象器箋』(1715年)
- 'Zenrinshokisen' (1715)
- 銃刀法の規制対象となっている。
- They are subject to the Sword and Firearms Control Law.
- 悪と同時に強さの象徴でもある。
- Oni is a symbol of strength as well as evil.
- 礼拝の対象は、本尊のみである。
- The subject of raihai is the honzon only.
- 彼は「視実等象論」を主張した。
- #In the book, he advocated 'the theory of Shijitsu Tosho' (視実等象論, 'the theory of the spheres').
- ともに関西歌舞伎の象徴であった。
- Both were symbols of Kansai Kabuki.
- 主たる比較対象は美山錦であった。
- Miyama nishiki was the main standard for comparison.
- これは東西とも同様の現象である。
- This phenomenon is equally observed in both Kanto and Kansai.
- - 大人の女性を対象とする漫画。
- A comic targeting adult women.
- 象鼻山古墳群 第1号墳(岐阜県)
- Zobizan-kofun Tumulus Cluster No. 1 Kofun Tumulus (Gifu Prefecture)
- 眼前の事象に固執する餓鬼の状態。
- A state of being a hungry spirit that sticks with something in front.
- ここで牛は人の心の象徴とされる。
- In these drawings, the cow is regarded as the symbol of man's mind.
- 王相死囚老から剋がある場合の象意
- Symbolism of koku derived from Ososhishuro
- 太陽信仰の象徴とされることもある。
- It may be regarded as a symbol of sun worship.
- また、両神の姿を強烈に印象付ける。
- At the same time, the figures of the gods make a strong impact
- これは、その象徴的な事例であろう。
- One might say this is a symbolic example of the people's support for Gidayu-bushi.
- 第1種共同漁業権の対象魚種である。
- It is a fish species subject to class 1 common fishery right.
- 認証に当たり審査の対象となる使用人
- Employee Subject to Examination upon Certification
- 液状化現象が発生したと考えられる。
- It is thought that this was caused by ground liquefaction.
- 注目すべき三十六種類の卦とその象意
- 36 notable kinds of ke (divination signs) and their symbolism
- 両神の顔が、やや柔和な印象を受ける。
- The faces of the gods look somewhat gentle.
- 「津山撥」という象牙製の撥を用いる。
- It is played with an ivory bachi called 'Tsuyama bachi.'
- 本堂/普賢菩薩騎象像/平安時代/重文
- A statue of Fugen Bosatsu riding on an elephant, in the main hall: Sculpted in the Heian period, designated as an Important Cultural Property
- 貴族は象牙、庶民は木製のものを使う。
- Court nobles used those made of ivory and ordinary people used those made of wood.
- 釈迦本仏論の宗門の信仰の対象である。
- It is an object of faith for the groups that consider Shaka to be the original Buddha.
- 阿弥陀仏が救済の対象は、衆生である。
- Ordinary people are the objects of Amidanyorai's salvation.
- この三宝の象徴的存在が三宝尊である。
- Sanposon is the symbolic representation of Sanpo.
- 日本のお祭を象徴する音の一つであろう。
- It is probably one of tones that symbolizes the festivals of Japan.
- 真昼の太陽の色を象徴したものでもある。
- It symbolizes the color of the midday sun.
- 描写対象は高貴な人物であることが多い。
- The subject depicted is often someone of high class.
- 堂本印象:『訶梨帝母』『兔春野に遊ぶ』
- Insho DOMOTO: 'Kariteimo' (the Indian deity hariti, a protector of children)/'Usagi Haruno ni Asobu' (Rabbits Play in a Spring Field)
- 国衙軍制は凶党の追捕を対象としていた。
- The purpose of the kokuga forces system was to capture gangsters.
- もう1つは賦課の対象によるものである。
- The other categorization is based upon the objects of the taxation.
- 心情の表現や印象を強めるために使われる。
- It is used to emphasize the expression and impression of feelings.
- また、白象にまたがった姿でも表現される。
- The other figure depicts him riding a white elephant.
- 真言宗では、読誦・観誦の対象としている。
- In the Shingon sect it is read and recited, and is a subject of 観誦.
- このため黒木の鳥居が野宮の象徴とされた。
- For this reason, Torii (a gateway to the Shinto shrine) that was made with black wood was considered its symbol.
- 御堂関白家の栄華を象徴する邸宅であった。
- In this way, the residence symbolized the glory of the FUJIWARA no Michinaga family.
- 象の上の蓮華座に向かって左を向いて坐す。
- The image seats facing the observers' left on a rengeza (lotus seat) on an elephant.
- 東京・大倉集古館 普賢菩薩騎象像(国宝)
- Statue of Fugen Bosatsu (Samantabhadra Bodhisattva) riding on an elephant, the Okura Shukokan Museum of Fine Arts, Tokyo (a national treasures)
- 転じて、男色の対象とされる若年の男性の意。
- It has changed its meaning to young men involved in homosexual relationships.
- 材質は(雅楽を除き)象牙でつくられている。
- Tsume is made of ivory (except for products for gagaku).
- にかほ市象潟町の「盆小屋行事」「来とうね」
- The 'Bon goya gyoji' (an event at a hut in the Bon season) 'Kitone' (a call made to the deceased, meaning 'Please come back') in Kisakata-machi, Nikaho City:
- 象頭人身の男女が抱き合った姿で表わされる。
- It is depicted as a figure in which a man and a woman who have elephant heads and human bodies embrace one another.
- 当時の急激な西欧化を象徴する存在でもある。
- It is also an existence that represents the rapid westernization of the time.
- 密教の世界観を象徴的に表わしたものである。
- It represents Esoteric Buddhism's world view symbolically.
- すなわち、すべての衆生が救済の対象である。
- Namely, every person is the object of salvation.
- 法名軸は、位牌のように礼拝の対象としない。
- Unlike ihai (a Buddhist mortuary tablet), homyo-jiku is not considered an object of worship.
- 舞踊的要素が強く抽象的・象徴的表現が目立つ。
- Noh is characterized by an element of dancing, having plenty of intangible and symbolic expressions.
- なお近世、十九夜講の信仰の対象となっている。
- In addition, it was worshipped at Jukuya-ko (the women gather on the 19th of the month to pray for easy delivery and family health and safety on nineteenth night of the lunar calendar) in recent times.
- 刀 銘金象嵌銘義弘本阿(花押)本多美濃守所持
- Sword (Katana), (with inlaid gold inscriptions stating that it was shortened by Honami Koetsu (colophon), originally made by Go no Yoshihiro, and owned by Honda Mino no Kami)
- 観測地点は気象庁よりも多い(平成20年現在)。
- There are more observation sites than those of the Japan Meteorological Agency (as of 2008).
- これが擬洋風建築で、文明開化の象徴ともされた。
- Thus Gi-yofu architecture was born, and it was considered a symbol of civilization and enlightenment.
- 如来こそ、これらの諸現象の明白な目撃者なのだ。
- Only the Buddha is an absolute witness of these phenomena.
- 家紋は度々、人から人へ譲渡の対象になっている。
- Kamon have often been exchanged from one person to another.
- 歌舞伎舞踊より抽象的で単純化された動きである。
- Compared to dances in kabuki, kamigatamai is more simple and abstract.
- 浄土真宗の礼拝の対象は、阿弥陀如来のみである。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, only Amida Nyorai is the object of worship.
- 本尊は祀る対象のものであり、仏具とは呼ばない。
- Honzon is an object to be enshrined but is not called butsugu.
- また、太陽柱といわれる気象現象の別名でもある。
- 'Tenkirin' is also an another name of a weather phenomena called 'sun pillar.'
- なぜなら阿弥陀仏の救済の対象は、無条件である。
- This is because there is no condition for being a subject of salvation by Amida Buddha.
- そのことに因んで登龍門が立身出世の象徴となった。
- Based on that, toryumon (gateway) became a symbol of success in life.
- 茶釜は他の多くの茶道具とともに鑑賞の対象となる。
- Chagama is an appreciative item like other tea utensils.
- この分離は、人間の成長過程で普遍的な現象である。
- This discrepancy appears ubiquitously as a phenomenon in the process of growth of human beings.
- 当時は機械装置自体が珍しく、好奇の対象であった。
- The devices were watched with curiosity, since the devices themselves were peculiar things for Japanese at that time.
- - 茶をいれた時に葉や茎が垂直に立つ現象をさす。
- It means a tea leaf or stalk floating erect when you pour tea into a cup.
- 大谷家は権力中枢から、象徴へとその地位を変えた。
- The Otani family changed its status from the center of power to a symbol.
- 埴輪を立て並べたり、形象埴輪を置いたりしている。
- Not only are haniwa lined up, but also figural haniwa are placed there.
- 初期の屯田兵募集は原則として士族が対象であった。
- The initial tondenhei recruitment was, as a rule, limited to shizoku.
- 材料は木、水牛の角、象牙、プラスチック、鼈甲など。
- They are made of wood, buffalo horns, ivory, plastic, tortoise shells, etc.
- 開発時に主に比較対象となったのは五百万石であった。
- Gohyakumangoku was the standard for comparison during development.
- なかには麹や水に祀る対象を特化している神社もある。
- There are certain shrines for which the object of worship is limited to koji or water.
- しかし、狭義の用法では地域によりその対象は異なる。
- However, in the narrow sense of usage, the target differs depending on a region.
- ‐ 子供、もしくは子供がいる家族を対象とした漫画。
- A comic targeting children or family with children.
- 象頭の冠をかぶり、少年のような表情に造られている。
- It is shaped to put on a crown with an elephant's head and an expression like a boy.
- ただ軍監・目付という場合は侍を監察対象としていた。
- In the case of gungen and metsuke, their object of inspection was the samurai.
- 武将の戦における軍の指揮、一軍の象徴、家紋を示した。
- Gunbai was a symbol of a commander and a unified troop, showing a family crest.
- お守り(おまもり、御守)とは、願いを象った物である。
- Omamori (personal amulets) are items that symbolize one's wish.
- 黄金色ほどは、色が鑑賞の対象とはならないことが多い。
- Compared to golden yellow, this color is less often an object of appreciation.
- その印象深さから何人もの芸術家により模倣されている:
- It made a strong impact on a number of artists and imitated as follows:
- 譜そのものも手数が多く、全体に華やかな印象がつよい。
- The scores for the drums themselves are dense and complicated, and in general, tend to give a brilliant impression.
- これらは概ね17世紀末から18世紀初頭の現象である。
- These were roughly phenomena from the late 17th century to the early 18th century.
- 説法の対象は、菩薩をはじめとするあらゆる境涯に渡る。
- The subjects of dharma range from Bosatsu to others in all kinds of settings.
- 目の不自由な人など身体障害者の信仰対象となっている。
- The stone statue is a religious object of physically challenged persons such as those visually impaired.
- これらは近代化の象徴として、地元民の誇りともなった。
- Local people were proud of them as they symbolized Japan's modernization.
- 大寄せ茶会とは、多数の客を対象にして行う茶会である。
- Oyose chakai is tea ceremony that serves many guests.
- 天文異変とは、普段では見られない天文現象の事を指す。
- Extraordinary astronomical events are astronomical phenomena which are seen only rarely.
- 花が5~6輪、開いた場合、気象庁は「開花」と発表する。
- When five or six blossoms have opened, the agency reports that cherry blossoms are 'flowering.'
- 常に家庭の中心にあったので、家族団らんの象徴でもある。
- It was always at the center of the family and represented a happy home.
- 藤の絡んだ松の大木は、松が男を、藤が女を象徴している。
- The large pine tree with wisteria tangled on it represents men, and the wisteria represents women.
- 気象庁の資料では、さくらの開花予想の等期日線図という。
- According to the data of the Japan Meteorological Agency, Cherry Blossom Front is referred to as the diagram of the forecast of cherry blossom blooming dates.
- 古来から日本では、森羅万象に霊魂や命が宿る考えてきた。
- In Japan, it has been believed that spirit and life reside with everything in the universe since ancient times.
- 截金筆は金箔を貼る対象部分に、布海苔を塗るためのもの。
- A kirikane brush is used for painting funori glue (glue made of a glue plant in the sea) in the spot where a piece of gold leaf is to be pasted.
- 観音経などに基づいて広く信仰・礼拝の対象となっている。
- Based on Kannon-gyo Sutra and others, it is widely believed and worshiped.
- その中で熊野神社裏手の小山も探査対象の一つに選ばれた。
- In so doing the mound behind Kumano-jinja Shrine was selected as one of the investigation targets.
- 紅牙撥鏤尺(こうげばちるのしゃく):象牙製の尺の物差し
- Koge Bachiru no Shaku: A shaku (approximately 30cm) ruler made of ivory
- 規模は小規模な天守を凌ぎ、幕府権力の象徴となっていた。
- They were greater than a small-scale tenshu and had become a symbol of bakufu power.
- 天狗は、慢心の権化とされ、鼻が高いのはその象徴である。
- Tengu is the personification of conceit, as represented by its long nose.
- 源氏物語中、光源氏が勅使を勤めるシーンが印象的である。
- In the Tale of Genji, the scene of Hikaru Genji playing the Imperial delegate is impressive.
- 木や竹のほかに象牙、鼈甲などもしばしば骨の素材となる。
- Ivory and tortoise shell are often used for ribs as well as wood and bamboo.
- 牙符制の対象とされたのは日本国王使と王城大臣使である。
- Gafusei was intended for the King of Japan envoy and Ojo-daijin (the ministers of the capital) envoy.
- その原因が「休眠打破」という現象であると考えられている。
- It is considered to be caused by a phenomenon referred to as 'dormancy breaking.'
- また、便器や便器の周囲が汚れやすく、不潔な印象を与える。
- Also, it easily gets filthy on the basin or around and gives an unclean impression.
- よって鑑評会での評価の対象になりえないという問題がある。
- Therefore, the problem is that ginka cannot be the object of appreciation in kanpyokai.
- 成人向け漫画‐18歳以上を対象とした、性描写を含む漫画。
- Adult comic - A comic containing sexual expressions for people aged 18 and older
- タワーを象ったキーホルダーなどが土産として売られている。
- Key rings featuring a miniature tower are sold there as souvenirs.
- 沸と匂いの組み合わせによって以下の様々な働きが現象する。
- The combination of Nie and Nioi causes various effects below.
- 関流のものには金象嵌を施した手の込んだ高級品もみられる。
- Some of the guns used by Kanryu School had expensive ramrods that had elaborate gold inlays.
- 対象寺社は特別徴収義務者として市へ納める特別徴収である。
- This was in the form of a special collection in which the temples and the shrines subject to the tax acted as special tax collectors and paid the tax income to the city.
- また、動員を拒否した場合は処罰の対象となることもあった。
- When a samurai refused to accept a mobilization request, he could be punished.
- いわゆる中世日本紀といわれる現象が見られるようになった。
- The phenomenon is so-called chusei Nihongi (medieval Nihongi).
- この美人画の分類は、明治以前の絵画まで遡って対象とされた。
- The category of bijinga applied retroactively to the paintings before the Meiji period.
- 受賞の対象となる分野は毎年変わり、四年で全分野を一周する。
- The field for which the prize is awarded changes every year, with the prize being awarded to each of the four respective fields once every four years.
- 重要無形文化財の指定の対象は無形の「わざ」そのものである。
- The subject of designation for important intangible cultural property is the intangible 'skills' themselves.
- また、事象を含む項目と地名のみの項目が混在した八景もある。
- Some Eight Views comprise a mixture of items including phenomena and those including only place names.
- 洗練された切妻の白い漆喰壁と屋根の対象性が美しいのが特徴。
- It is characterized by the beautiful contrast between the white plaster wall of a sophisticated gable and the roof.
- 頭でっかちになりやすく非常に不安定で印象に残る外観となる。
- In the castles of this style, their upper part is likely to become larger the lower part, with the external view giving an extremely unstable and impressive impression.
- 床、棚、書院を備えており、古風な書院といった印象を受ける。
- The floor, shelves and shoin give an impression of an old-fashioned shoin.
- 図像的特色(象の上に乗る)から、普賢菩薩像であるとわかる。
- By the iconographic characteristic (riding on an elephant), the image is recognized as Fugen Bosatsu.
- 文化庁の文化的景観の保存・活用事業の対象地域になっている。
- These rice paddies are designated for cultural landscape conservation and utilization activities by the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- 更に朝廷の官職への推挙権や幕府の役職も恩賞の対象となった。
- Rights to commend meritorious warriors to posts in the Imperial Court or to appoint them to posts in the Shogunate were also regarded as rewards.
- 苗字帯刀(みょうじたいとう)は、江戸時代の武士の身分表象。
- Myojitaito is a term indicating the social status of samurai during the Edo period.
- 気象庁による桜の開花日・満開日の観測地点は全国68ヶ所ある。
- There are 68 observation sites used by the Japan Meteorological Agency to monitor the flowering and full-bloom dates throughout Japan.
- また、対になる貝を違えないところから夫婦和合の象徴とされた。
- Because the shells did not change their partner, they became a symbol of conjugal harmony.
- 水は、酒の原材料のなかで唯一、表示義務の対象とされていない。
- Among the raw materials used for sake, water is the only ingredient not included in mandatory information.
- 材質は古くは唐木が多かったが、現在では象牙製が最高とされる。
- Karaki (imported wood) was mainly used as material in the past, but the product made of ivory is regarded as the best today.
- 駒は水牛の角製のものが多く、まれに象牙や鼈甲製のものもある。
- The koma (bridge) is often made of water-buffalo horn, but on rare occasions it is made of ivory or tortoise shell.
- 領地支配の象徴としたり、敵地への支配地拡大の前線基地とする。
- It was used as a symbol of domination or an outpost for expanding territories in enemy territory.
- 抽象的な表現の庭が室町時代の禅宗寺院で特に用いられ発達した。
- This abstract expression of a garden was especially used and developed by the Zen sect temples of the Muromachi period.
- 印鑑の印影デザインを印相と呼び、占いの対象とする場合がある。
- The design of a seal imprint is called inso, and fortune may be told from such a design.
- 「奴婢雑人」などとも称され、売買、譲渡、相続の対象であった。
- Genin were also called 'dohi zonin' (servant) and were subject to trade, transfer, and inheritance.
- このため、3月14日の第2回発表で、気象庁は訂正して陳謝した。
- The agency consequently made corrections and issued an apology during the second report of March 14.
- これらは神話・伝説などに登場する、弓矢の呪力の象徴とも言える。
- It is said that these are the symbols of magically signified power of Yumiya appearing in myths, legends and so on.
- 元来、権力の象徴であった物から派生した長い歴史のある物である。
- Basically, zabuton have a long history originating in the items used as symbols of power.
- 以降、東京でも牛鍋屋が流行し、以後牛食は文明開化の象徴となる。
- Since then, gyu-nabe restaurants became popular in Tokyo, and were regarded as a symbol of cultural enlightenment.
- 他に握りの部分が象牙で、撥先をべっ甲にしたものもよく使われる。
- Other than that, those whose handles are made of ivory and have plectrum tips made of tortoise shell are also frequently used.
- データベース化されるものの対象は、すべてのテレビゲームである。
- All the video games are subject to inclusion in the database.
- 材質は竹製がほとんどで、他に木製、金属製、象牙製、玉製がある。
- It is generally made of bamboo, and sometimes made of wood, metal, ivory and precious stone.
- 本音と建前(ほんねとたてまえ)は、社会現象を表す日本語である。
- Honne to tatemae is a Japanese expression to explain a social phenomenon.
- 祭は民俗学で「ハレとケ」の非日常性の空間を象徴するものである。
- The matsuri symbolizes a space of extraordinariness, 'hare and ke' (sacred-profane dichotomy), in the folklore.
- ページをめくる際の短い時間を利用して、読者に印象を与える手法。
- It is a technique to make an impression on the readers by using the short period of time to turn a page.
- 空間的・時間的な広がりを表したり、印象を強めるために使われる。
- It is used to express the extent of space and time and to emphasize impressions.
- 当日の日記には日本の芸術について深い印象を覚えた旨が記された。
- A note to the effect that he had felt deeply impressed with Japanese art was written in his diary for that day.
- 円筒埴輪や形象埴輪が出土しているが、配置位置までは不明である。
- Cylindrical haniwa (unglazed terra-cotta cylinders and hollow sculptures arranged on and around the mounded tombs [kofun]) and keisho haniwa (clay figures in the shape of a human or beast) were unearthed, but it is not known where they were located exactly.
- 蔵王権現(ざおうごんげん)は、日本仏教における信仰対象の一つ。
- Zao Gongen is a venerable entity worshipped in Buddhism in Japan.
- そのため、仏舎利が唯一具体的な形を持った信仰対象となっていた。
- Therefore, Buddha's sariras were the only subjects of religious belief having a concrete shape.
- また当時盛んだった国粋主義や家意識の表象として多く用いられた。
- They were also often used as a symbol of nationalism or family.
- ただ、闇雲に多くの事象と弘法大師が結び付けられたわけではない。
- However, it would not be true that many phenomena were blindly connected to Kobo Daishi.
- 多宝如来(たほうにょらい)は、仏教の信仰対象である如来の一つ。
- Taho Nyorai (Buddha of Many Treasures who is depicted in the Lotus Sutra) is one of the Nyorai (Tathagata), an object to worship in Buddhism.
- 対象弁護士等を懲戒しない旨の決定をしたとき その旨及びその理由
- If a ruling not to discipline the Accused Attorney, etc. has been issued,a statement to such effect and reasons therefor
- If a ruling not to discipline the Accused Attorney, etc. has been issued,a statement to such effect and the reasons therefor
- このうち、時代を象徴する代表的遺物と目されるのは銅鐸であろう。
- Of all, the most symbolic, typical bronze ware of the period is supposed to be the bronze bell.
- 足軽・小者が対象の場合はそれぞれ歩行目付・小者目付と呼ばれる。
- When the object of inspection were foot soldiers or komono (low-rank servants), they were respectively called hoko metsuke (inspector of foot soldiers) and komono metsuke (inspector of low-rank servants).
- これらの事からも古くから弓矢が信仰の対象と成ってきた事が窺える。
- Therefore, it can be surmised that Yumiya has been worshipped since ancient times.
- よって、寒天印象材からは素早く石膏模型を製作しなければならない。
- Thus the plaster figure must be quickly produced from the agar impression material.
- これを天地に象(かたど)り、男女に付会し、別々の貝桶におさめた。
- The pair, which represent heaven and earth, and are also compared to man and woman, were stored in separate kaioke (a bucket filled with clamshells).
- - 対象の動物の特性(俊敏性や飛翔性)数、大きさ、生息環境など。
- The nature of aiming at animals (legerity and flying ability), number, size, living circumstances, and so on.
- 当初は神名帳記載の全ての神社(3132座)が祈願の対象であった。
- At first, all the shrines as many as 3132 listed on 'Jinmyocho' (the list of deities, that is, the list of shrines) were prayed to.
- 下半分は銀で見える部分には赤銅に金象嵌を施した華麗な物もあった。
- Also, splendid products made of silver for the lower half and copper with gold-encrustation for the visible part, were produced.
- 褌は陰部を覆うことから性的機能を持ったものの象徴として扱われる。
- A fundoshi loincloth, which covers the genitals, is treated as a symbol of sexual ability.
- 蓋には象牙が用いられ、蓋の裏は金箔張りが施されていることが多い。
- In many cases chaire has an ivory lid whose back is gilded.
- なお、初詣の対象は神社・寺院のいずれでもかまわないとされている。
- It is said that the target of hatsumode can be either a Shinto shrine or Buddhist temple.
- 仏教以外の宗教において信仰の対象として大切に扱われるもののこと。
- In religions other than Buddhism, an object of religious attention that is held to be important.
- 外観の印象に影響を与えるほどの部位の付加のあるものもこれになる。
- This type includes Tenshu which were given such attachments as affecting the image of their appearance.
- 仏の教化対象の世界も仏土であるから、凡夫の世界も仏国でありうる。
- The world for Buddha's edificatory purpose is also the land of Buddha, hence, the world of Bonpu (ordinary unenlightened person) could be the land of Buddha.
- 金剛杵は、仏の智慧が煩悩を打破する武器であることを象徴している。
- The vajra symbolizes Buddha's wisdom being a weapon that destroys Bonno (earthly desires).
- 災害発生時に被害地域を対象に臨時に行われる検注の際に作成された。
- It was made when an emergency kenchu on the damaged areas was carried out.
- この時期の対象は大きく分けて奢侈禁止令と荘園整理令を機軸とした。
- The pivotal subjects of shinsei at the time could be broadly divided into two main categories, Shashikinshirei (luxury prohibiting law) and manor regulation acts.
- 3月初めから気象庁が発表する「さくらの開花予想」の中にて示される。
- Cherry Blossom Front is featured in the 'forecast of cherry blossom blooming dates' issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency beginning in early March.
- 古代からこの国において不変と考えられる事象を示して呼ぶことが多い。
- This term has been often used as a word indicating phenomena considered to be unchanged in this country since ancient times.
- 逆に性悪説の荀子や性善悪混説の揚雄は評価の対象から外されていった。
- On the other hand, Junshi (Xun Zi) of the ethical doctrine that human nature is fundamentally evil, and Yo Yu (Yang Xiong) of the ethical doctrine that human fundamentally consists of the mixture of good nature and evil one were excluded from evaluation.
- そのため、統計対比は2年前の統計を対象に行うのが通例となっている。
- Due to this trait, it became a custom that when statistical comparison is made, the figures used are compared to those of 2 years before.
- 日本では1960年初頭から漫画を評論の対象とする事が行われ始めた。
- In Japan, comics became an object of criticism from the early 1960s.
- 民話や郷土信仰に登場する悪い物、恐ろしい物、強い物を象徴する存在。
- In folk tales and local religions it symbolizes something bad, frightening or strong.
- 三昧耶形は吉祥果(ザクロの実。種が多いことから多産・豊穣の象徴)。
- Her Sanmayagyo (things for representing Buddha) is Kichijo-ka (pomegranate fruit which represents fertility and productiveness for having a lot of seeds).
- この象徴の山は7世紀にはさかんに造られたらしいことがわかっている。
- It is known that a number of these symbolic mountains were being built during the 7th century.
- 蓮の葉はロータス効果という現象の説明において代表的なものでもある。
- The lotus leaf is a representative example in explaining a phenomenon of lotus effect.
- 台師の「大嶋吉兵衛」象嵌師の「臨湖堂充胤」等は名工として知られる。
- The taishi OSHIMA Kichibe and the inlayer Michitane RINKONDO were known as masters in their respective fields.
- 手の象形の左に横線を引いたものが「寸」という文字の元々の形である。
- The original shape of the Chinese character '寸' is the hieroglyphic of a hand with a horizontal line in its left.
- 追捕官符なしの追捕行為は私合戦とされ、恩賞の対象とはならなかった。
- The act of capturing criminals with no tsuibu kanpu was considered a private fight, and no reward was provided for the achievement.
- なお、支給対象者は給料学生(きゅうりょうがくせい)と呼ばれている。
- Those who were granted Gakumonryo were called Kyuryo gakusei.
- 特に九州南部の開花が九州北部や本州より遅れる逆転現象が特徴的である。
- It is, in particular, characterized by the reversal of the normal geographical order whereby flowering starts in the northern Kyushu and the Honshu earlier than that in the southern Kyushu.
- 開発時、主に比較対象とされた(ライバル視された)のは美山錦であった。
- During development, the target for comparison (deemed as a rival) was Miyama nishiki.
- 鼈甲製、金属製、木製、象牙製、牛や馬のひづめなど素材は多岐にわたる。
- A wide array of raw materials were used: tortoiseshell, metal, wood, ivory, hoof (cow and horse) etc.
- 昭和46年(1971年)は日本人の洋食化を物語る象徴的な年となった。
- 1971 was a symbolic year for the Westernization of the Japanese diet.
- この時期の文化は、東山山荘に象徴されるところから東山文化とよばれる。
- The culture in this period was symbolized by the villa in Higashiyama, so it was called Higashiyama culture.
- 唱題で唱える題目は経典の題名であり、信仰の対象が経典として実在する。
- The Nichiren chant recited in Shodai is the title of a sutra, so that a subject of faith exists as a sutra.
- 副葬品の中に、24文字を象嵌で刻み、「中平」紀年銘を持つ刀があった。
- Among burial goods, there was a sword with 'Zhongping,' the era name inscription inlaid with 24 letters.
- 大峰山(奈良県) - 山体全域が対象で、登山道には大きな看板が立つ。
- Mt. Omine-san (Nara Prefecture) (nyonin kinsei in all mountain areas, with a large sign posted at the start of the route to the climb)
- 堂本印象― 『水郷欲雨』1935、『婦女』1948、『無礙』1958
- Insho DOMOTO, 'Suigo Yokuu' (水郷欲雨) 1935, 'Fujo' (婦女) (Women) 1948, 'Muge' (無礙) 1958
- 形象は、円盤状で上方2箇所に「架」につるすための穴があけられている。
- Being disk-shaped, it is provided with two holes that are to be used for being hung from a ka.
- 室町時代の武家社会でも、畳は地位権力を表す為に、象徴的に利用された。
- In the samurai world during the Muromachi period, tatami was utilized to show power as a symbol.
- このため触地印は、誘惑や障害に負けずに真理を求める強い心を象徴する。
- Therefore, Sokuchi-in symbolizes a strong mind pursuing the truth without being overcome by temptations or obstacles.
- 真宗高田派では、法名軸は用いず、位牌を用いる(礼拝の対象ではない)。
- Shinshu Takada-ha (the Takada sect of the Shinshu Buddhist school) does not use homyo-jiku but uses ihai (a mortuary tablet), which is, however, not considered an object of worship in this sect.
- したがって、古墳、貝塚、住居跡などは国宝指定の対象とはなっていない。
- It follows from this that items such as kofun (keyhole tumuli), shell mounds, or habitation sites cannot become national treasures.
- 山縣有朋や井上馨も北海道を視察して屯田兵を重視すべきとの印象を得た。
- Aritomo YAMAGATA and Kaoru INOUE also inspected Hokkaido and got an impression that they should give greater importance to todenhei.
- こうして、加地子を得る権利は分化していき、売買や寄進の対象となった。
- Over time, the right to gain Kajishi was divided and became the object of sale or donation.
- 対象とする清酒を15℃にし、規定の浮秤(ふひょう)を浮かべて計測する。
- It is measured by adjusting sake's temperature to fifteen degrees centigrade using a specified aerometer that floats in sake.
- 牧野の助監督の金森万象、日活京都の監督だった沼田紅緑もこれに参加する。
- Bansho KANAMORI who was MAKINO's former assistant director and Koroku NUMATA who was a director of Nikkatsu Kyoto also joined.
- 湿拓(しったく)は紙を湿らせて対象物に張り、その後墨をつけてとる拓本。
- The term 'shittaku' refers to a rubbed copy made by placing wet paper on an object and then putting black ink on it.
- 目撃証言によれば、現場では火災旋風とみられる現象が発生していたという。
- According to the witnesses, a firestorm was observed at the site of the fire.
- 24文字を金象嵌で刻んだ長さ110センチメートルの鉄刀一本が出土した。
- A 110-centimeter long iron sword with 24 letters inlaid with gold was excavated.
- しかし、今日では神社にのみ用いられ、神社建築の象徴のようになっている。
- However, they are nowadays seen only in shrines and have become symbolic with shrine buildings.
- 官奴婢や私奴婢は、売買や質入の対象となるなど、非人道的な扱いを受けた。
- Kunuhi and shinuhi, who were traded and pawned, were not treated as human beings.
- このため、結果として賎民とされる人々に仏教徒が多いという現象を生じた。
- Therefore, it resulted in the phenomenon that there were many Buddhists among the people who were supposed to be Senmin.
- 財団法人日本気象協会も独自の調査で都市部を中心の開花予想を作成している。
- The Japan Weather Association develops the flowering forecast mainly for urban areas based on its own research as well.
- 気象庁は、毎年3月の第1水曜日に第1回の「さくらの開花予想」を発表する。
- The Japan Meteorological Agency issues its first 'forecast of cherry blossom blooming dates' of the year on the first Wednesday of March.
- 「矢入れ」ともいい、先史時代の遺跡から出土する埴輪に矢筒が象られている。
- It was also 'yaire' and its image is seen on Haniwa (unglazed terra-cotta cylinders and hollow sculptures arranged on and around the tomb mounds - kofun) excavated from remains of the ancient times.
- 「桜前線」はマスコミによるwikt造語であり、気象庁の公式用語ではない。
- Cherry Blossom Front' is a coined term made up by the media and not an official terminology of the Japan Meteorological Agency.
- その一方で、美人画に描かれる対象は必ずしも女性に限らないとの考えもある。
- On the other hand, there is also the view that the subject depicted in bijinga does not have to be a woman.
- 宗教施設の中には神仏習合の権現として参拝の対象になっている例も存在する。
- There is also an example that some religious facilities are the target of prayer as Gongen (avatar) of syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism.
- 龍の象徴とされ、現在でも箏の部分の名称として龍頭や龍尾などの名残がある。
- It was believed to be the symbol of ryu (dragon) and the vestige of such belief remains remains in the name of the parts of Soh, such as ryuto (dragon head) and ryubi (dragon tail).
- 上方部(肩)が横に張り出した茶入で、茄子などに較べて力強い印象を与える。
- This type of chaire, with its shoulder dilated, looks more robust than Nasu.
- 受賞対象分野は、生物科学、数理科学、地球科学・宇宙科学、生命科学である。
- The fields covered by this category include the four fields of 'Biological Sciences,' 'Mathematical Sciences,' 'Earth and Planetary Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics,' and 'Life Sciences.'
- したがって、燗が行われる対象としての日本酒は、基本的にアル添酒ではない。
- Consequently, the Japanese sake as object to be warmed is basically not the sake with distilled alcohol added.
- 自然描写が印象的な作曲法によってなされ、それなりに華やかさも持っている。
- It was composed by a composition technique impressively describing nature and has a certain gorgeousness.
- 団地萌え:工場萌えなどと同様、団地そのものを趣味の対象にすることを呼ぶ。
- Danchi-moe (danchi love): Similar to 'kojo-moe' (factory love), this word refers to people who have a deep fascination with danchi.
- 笛は旋律を奏でるというより、情景を象徴したり打楽器的に用いられたりする。
- Rather than playing the melody, the flute is used frequently as a percussion instrument for symbolizing the scene.
- なお、以上のような解由制は、主に国司の事務引継ぎを対象とするものだった。
- The geyu system described above was mostly concerned with kokushi, or more specifically, handing over a description of matters necessary for continuing office duties when a new kokushi was appointed.
- これも鑑評会などでは評価の対象から漏れてしまうとして問題視する識者も多い。
- There are many knowledgeable persons who are of opinion that kaerika is excluded from the objects of appreciation in kanpyokai, etc.
- 中学生以上対象の昇級審査会に受審し、合格するとその時点で一級が授与される。
- If someone takes a Kendo Kyu examination for junior high school students and above and passes it, he or she is granted Ikkyu at that time.
- 実際に日本国内における桜の花見はソメイヨシノを対象としているところが多い。
- The most hanami in Japan is to enjoy viewing Someiyoshino trees in many areas.
- 材質はすべて象牙でできたものを第一とし、それを「丸撥」(まるばち)と呼ぶ。
- As for the materials, those made entirely of ivory are considered best, and they're called 'marubachi' (rounded plectra).
- 只、年増の厚化粧という言葉に象徴されるように、好感を持たれない場合が多い。
- However, symbolized by the phrase 'toshima no atsugesho' (heavy makeup by a middle-aged woman), using such heavy makeup often gives an unfavorable impression.
- 作品の主な対象となる読者の年齢や性別という観点では、次のように分類される。
- In terms of the age and sex of main target readers, comics are classified as follows.
- またその後は、堂本印象、上村松篁、中村大三郎らが活躍し、現在に至っている。
- Then, Insho DOMOTO, Shoko UEMURA, Daizaburo NAKMURA and others played active roles and the Shijo school continued up to the present.
- 京都・東寺講堂には、密教系の白象に乗った木像(平安時代前期)が安置される。
- At the Toji Lecture Hall, in Kyoto, there is a wooden statue on a white elephant, which is characteristic of Mikkyo.(first stage of the Heian period)
- 出土品の中で最も注目されるのは、玄室で発見された鉄地銀象嵌鞘尻金具である。
- The iron chape inlaid with silver, which was found in the burial chamber, is one of the most noteworthy articles unearthed.
- すぐに散る桜の花は儚さを象徴したため散華のシンボルに使われることとなった。
- Because cherry blossoms are quick to fall and remind transience, they became the symbol of sange.
- なかでも平清盛の六波羅泉殿は、その権勢を象徴する豪壮な邸宅であったという。
- Among them, TAIRA no Kiyomori's izumidono (residence of the head of a clan/family with a fountain) in Rokuhara is said to have been a splendid mansion symbolizing his power.
- Among them, the house of TAIRA no Kiyomori, Izumi-dono of Rokuhara, was a luxury residence which represented his power.
- 明治34年(1901年)5月、宮武外骨の「滑稽新聞」上で風刺の対象となる。
- In May, 1901, he was satirized on 'the Kokkei shinbun' (satirical newspaper) published by Gaikotsu MIYATAKE.
- この部分が、赤穂浪士を真の義士でないと称した論として、批判の対象となった。
- This part became the target of criticism because it was interpreted that Fukuzawa did not regard the Ronins as true loyal warriors.
- 的矢は的と矢のことを指すが、敵や獲物ではなく的を対象とした矢のことでもある。
- Matoya (target practice) means a target and an arrow and also means an arrow which is shot at a target instead of an enemy or used in a game.
- 的弓は的と弓のことを指すが、敵や獲物ではなく的を対象とした弓のことでもある。
- The word matoyumi refers to a bow used to shoot a target instead of the enemy or used as a game.
- 琳派はヨーロッパの印象派や現代の日本画、デザインにも大きな影響を与えている。
- The Rinpa school has had a major impact on the Impressionist school in Europe as well as contemporary Japanese-style painting and design.
- 「芋の煮えたもご存じない」「子は三界の首かせ」も同様に差し替え対象となった。
- Similarly, the card that said, 'Imo no nieta mo gozonji nai,' which literally means, 'He cannot judge whether the potatoes have got boiled,' - the English equivalent is nonexistent but this can be said a disparaging expression about a person who is not aware of what is taking place under its very nose - and the card that said, 'Ko wa sangai no kubikase' (Children suck the mother when they are young, and the father when they are old), were both replaced, too.
- 受賞対象分野は、「音楽」、「美術」、「映画・演劇」、「思想・倫理」の四分野。
- The fields covered by this category include the four fields of 'Music,' 'Fine Art,' 'Film and the Dramatic Arts,' and 'Philosophy/Theory.'
- 一方で日本新八景などは対象地のみを選び、そこでの事象・事物は指定していない。
- On the other hand, for the New Eight Views of Japan and so on, only the sites are selected and neither phenomenon nor object there is specified.
- また、般若心経の冒頭に登場する菩薩でもあり、般若の智慧の象徴ともなっている。
- In addition, it is the Bosatsu who appears in the beginning of Heart of Great Perfect Wisdom Sutra (Hannya Shingyo) and is a symbol of Hannya's prajna as well.
- 国立国会図書館のサービス対象のもうひとつの柱は国の行政・司法に対してである。
- Another main service provided by the NDL is for the Executive and Judicial agencies of the government.
- 宮殿(くうでん)は、仏教の礼拝対象である仏像、祖師像などを収める厨子の一種。
- Kuden is a kind of Buddhist altar case called 'Zushi' to contain a Buddhist object of worship such as a Buddhist statute, an image of patriarch, or the like.
- 戦乱のなくなった江戸時代には復古調の鎧として大名家などで象徴的に用いられた。
- In the Edo Period when there was no more war, large armor was symbolically used as a retro armor in the daimyo (feudal lord) family, etc.
- また幽霊の出現など、本来ありえない音響を抽象的に表現する場合にも用いられる。
- Moreover, it is used in scenes when a ghost appears or to abstractly express an original impossible sound.
- ただし、純金の仏像など純然たる信仰の対象とは考えにくいものは課税財産となる。
- However, any item which is hardly considered as the object of beliefs, such as a Buddhist statue made of pure gold, is a taxable property.
- したがって正倉院宝物、桂離宮、修学院離宮などは国宝の指定対象となっていない。
- Consequently, the Shosoin Treasures, the Katsura Imperial Villa, the Shugakuin Imperial Villa and other such cases have not been designated national treasures.
- 道祖神信仰と結びついた路傍あるいは街角(辻)の地蔵が対象となっているのである。
- It represents Jizo seen on waysides or street corners, and Jizo is related to the belief of Doso-shin (traveler's guardian deity).
- 風神雷神図は多くの画家によって描かれ、それぞれの作品はよく比較の対象にされる。
- Fujin Raijin zu (the Wind and Thunder Gods) has been painted by numerous artists that have often been compared against one another.
- だが、21世紀に入ると儒教は弾圧の対象から保護の対象となり再評価されつつある。
- However, in the twenty first century, Ju-kyo became the subject of protection instead of subject of suppression, and is being reappraised.
- 現行の尺八には、歌口に、水牛の角・象牙・エボナイトなどの素材を埋め込んである。
- The blowing edge of shakuhachi produced today are usually reinforced with an embedded piece of water buffalo horn, ivory, ebonite, or the like.
- 実際に活歴は歌舞伎のファンには奇異な印象を与えるもので、概ね興行的に失敗した。
- These performances actually made a grotesque impression on Kabuki fans and generally ended as box-office failures.
- しかし、認知はしているが、聴く或いは唄う対象にはされず、敬遠される傾向が強い。
- They know of the enka music, but they are more likely to avoid listening to and singing it.
- 袱紗は一般にちりめんや絹製の風呂敷より小さく包む対象も小さい正方形の布である。
- In general, a fukusa is a piece of square cloth of crepe or silk smaller than a furoshiki and used to wrap smaller things than a furoshiki.
- しかしながら、この現象は、文化の異なる例えば中国人には奇異に映るかもしれない。
- Such a custom might appear strange to the Chinese.
- 「飛鳥京跡」が指し示す対象範囲は人と場合により必ずしも一定ではないようである。
- Apparently, the range of 'Asuka capital site' isn't always the same for some people and in some cases.
- 鉄地銀象嵌鞘尻金具1点、刀子4点、鉄釘多数、ガラス球6点が出土したのみである。
- Only the following articles were excavated: an iron chape inlaid with silver, four small knives (tozu), many iron nails and six glass balls.
- 独立行政法人国立文化財機構所有・京都国立博物館保管の物件のみを収録対象とする。
- The works enlisted here are only those owned by the National Institutes for Cultural Heritage or those under the custody of the Kyoto National Museum.
- なかでも歴史を象徴する上で材質が重要である事から、強度の高い檜を使用してある。
- To emphasize its historical value, it was very important to determine its construction material, high-strength cypress.
- 普賢延命菩薩(ふげんえんめいぼさつ)は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一つ。
- Fugen Enmei Bosatsu is one of Bosatsu worshiped in Buddhism.
- しかし院政期に入ると、厚い生地に強く糊をかけ、強張った印象へと変化していった。
- However, during the Insei period, the fabric became thicker and starched, which made the impression stiff.
- ただし、地蔵盆は一般には寺院の中に祀られている地蔵菩薩を対象とした祭りではない。
- By the way, Jizo-bon does not generally celebrate Jizo Bodhisattva enshrined in temples.
- 大文字焼き(だいもんじやき)は「大」の字を象った文字を松明の炎で描く行事である。
- Daimonji yaki is an event in which bonfires are arranged so that they form a Kanji character '大' (Dai means big).
- 『周易』では李鼎祚が王弼注の義理易に反対して鄭玄を始めとする漢代象数易を伝えた。
- With regard to 'Zhouyi,' Ri Tei So (li ding zuo) opposed the Giri-eki (ethics and philosophy divination) with annotation by Wang Bi, and preached Shosu-eki (graphic and mathematical divination) by Jo Gen (Zheng Xuan) and others from the Han Dynasty.
- 中世以降の禅林(禅宗寺院)に於いても、稚児・喝食は主に男色、衆道の対象であった。
- Even at the Zen temples after the medieval period, chigo and katsujiki had been mainly considered male homosexuals.
- 大晦日や正月にすき焼きを食べる家庭があるが、これは豪華な食事の象徴のようである。
- Some households in Japan are said to have sukiyaki on New Year's Eve or on New Year's Day, in which case sukiyaki is seemingly regarded as a symbol of extravagant cuisine.
- 人工的なものでも砂紋と呼ぶことがあるが、多くは自然現象によって生じたものをさす。
- Although artificial undulations are also sometimes called samon, the samon usually refer to natural ones.
- 日活時代に牧野の助監督であった金森万象、撮影助手の花房種太、浜田行雄を抜擢した。
- Makino recruited Bansho KANAMORI, his former assistant director, as well as Taneta HANABUSA and Yukio HAMADA, his former assistant cameramen.
- 肴(さかな)とは、酒を飲む際に添えて共に楽しむ対象を言い、これは食品に限らない。
- Sakana is a thing with which people enjoy having alcoholic beverages; yet, it is not necessarily a food item.
- ユニークな人面石像であるが、サルではなく渡来人を象ったものであるといわれている。
- Although they are human-faced stone statues, it is said that they are not monkeys but statues of Toraijin (people from overseas, especially from China and Korea, who settled in early Japan and introduced Continental culture to the Japanese).
- 正面中央には渦巻文が描かれているが、これが何を象徴しているのかはまだ不明である。
- What the Uzumaki-mon pattern drawn in the center symbolizes has not been known.
- また、古いものほど概して軒高が低く、壁や柱が多く閉鎖的な印象を受けるものが多い。
- The older they are, the lower the eaves, and the more walls and columns they have, giving an impression of isolation.
- そもそも建築物を礼拝の対象とするという発想自体が仏教に由来するものかもしれない。
- The idea of an architectural structure being the object of worship per se may have originated in Buddhist influence.
- 都市景観の形成のため、建築物等および木竹を保存対象物として指定することができる。
- A building or a woody plant can be designated as a candidate for preservation and thereby constitute city scenery.
- 禅宗においては、坐禅を修して、精神を一つの対象に集中させ散乱させないことである。
- In the Zen sect, Sesshin means to do a meditation, have the spirit focus on one subject, and not to be distracted.
- 盛政の軍が善戦したために秀吉は盛政の救援に向かっていた柴田勝政に攻撃対象を変更。
- As Morimasa's forces had fought a good fight, Hideyoshi changed the focus of his attack to Katsumasa SHIBATA, who was heading to help Morimasa.
- この章は特徴的な四課三伝のパターン36種が持つ象意の解説に全体があてられている。
- The symbolism of 36 characteristic patterns of Shikasanden are explained throughout this Chapter.
- 特に前者の受領襲撃は、反国家行為として「凶党」と呼ばれ、軍事制圧の対象となった。
- In particular, the former, the persons who assaulted zuryo, were called 'gangsters' as carrying out an anti-national act, and were targeted for military suppression.
- しかしながら、寺田(および神社の運営にあてる神田)のみは、班田の対象外とされた。
- However, jinden fields (as well as shinden - also called kamita or kanda) fields where the output was used for operating shrines) alone were excluded from handen fields (allotted farmland).
- 以前は、各地の標本木の蕾をとりそのつど重さを量る方法で各気象台独自で行われていた。
- Forecast used to be made by the respective observatories whereby they weighed buds collected from the sample trees at various locations for every forecast preparation.
- 満州族は冬至の日に庭に筵を敷いて供え物を並べ、先祖を象徴する木竿を敬う儀礼がある。
- The Manchurian people have a rite wherein they pay respect to a wooden pole representing ancestors on the winter solstice, placing offerings on a bamboo mat in the yard.
- かつての全国新酒鑑評会では、酒に色がついた出品酒を減点対象にしていた時代があった。
- In certain periods in the past, points were deducted for sake that has color in Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai (National New Sake Appraising and Deliberating Fair).
- そして、地唄舞が持つ「はんなり」とした雰囲気を持つ曲という印象を持たれがちである。
- Therefore, it is often considered to have the graceful atmosphere of jiutamai (jiuta dance).
- こうした立派な壺は鑑賞の対象であり、室町時代には茶道具の中で最も重要視されていた。
- These fine jars (pots) are the objects of appreciation of art, and were especially emphasized among the tea utensils during the Muromachi period.
- しかし、鬼や鬼神といった意味合いが強く、日本で謂えば夜叉といったような印象がある。
- However, it strongly suggests to imply oni (demon) or kijin (fierce god), and in Japan, its image is closer to that of yasha (Buddhist guardian deities sometimes depicted as demonic warriors).
- 褌は下着として陰部を覆うことから、生殖能力を備えたことを祝う象徴として用いられた。
- As the 'Fundoshi' (loincloth) is designed to cover the genital region, the Fundoshi's use is a symbol that celebrates the wearers capacity to reproduce.
- 真ん中の円 - 苦しみの因なる怒り(蛇が象徴)と無知たる愚かさ(豚)と貪欲さ(鳥)
- the circle in the middle represents wrath (symbolized by snakes) that is the cause of pain, folly (pigs) that represents ignorance and greed (birds)
- また、刀狩は農民のみならず寺院をも対象とし、寺院の武装解除に一定の役割を果たした。
- In addition, he carried out a 'Sword Hunt' confiscating the weapons not only of peasants but also of temples, which played apart in the disarmament of temples.
- 起立する姿勢は伝統的に「復活の生命に与って立つ」ことを象徴するとされるからである。
- It is because a standing position is traditionally considered to represent 'Resurrected life is given and stands up.'
- 山伏独特の修験十六道具は、それぞれ不二の世界、十界、不動明王、母胎などを象徴する。
- The 16 tools of Shugen represent the only world, Jikkai (the Ten Realms), Fudo Myoo (Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings), the mother's womb and so on.
- 第四、第五の章が六壬で重要視される十二天将と月将が持つ象意の解説にあてられている。
- The symbolism of Juni Tensho and Juni Gessho, which are emphasized in Rikujin, is explained in Chapter 4 and Chapter 5.
- - 19世紀末、浮世絵・琳派などの日本美術が印象派やアール・ヌーボーに影響を与えた。
- At the end of the 19th century, Japanese arts such as Ukiyoe and Rinpa school influenced impressionists and art nouveau.
- 強すぎると異臭に感じられ「酢酸エチル臭」「セメダイン臭」と呼ばれて減点の対象となる。
- However, if a banana-like fragrance is too strong, it is felt to be an unusual smell and called the 'smell of ethyl acetate' or 'smell of Cemedine' and it becomes the cause of point deduction.
- 昨今の褌ブームの影響か、男性はもとより広く女性をも対象にした商品が市場に現れている。
- Reflecting the current boom of fundoshi loincloths, a wide range of fundoshi items, not only for men but also for women, are being sold in the market.
- 軸の材料には象牙、紫檀、カリン (マメ科)、堆朱(ついしゅ)、水晶などが用いられる。
- Ivory, red sandalwood, Chinese quince (pea family), 'tsuishu' (a curving on layered coats of lacquer) and crystal are used as the material of 'jiku' (a cylindrical rod at the bottom).
- 1世紀初頭の漢や奈良時代の日本では、妖怪とは「怪しい奇妙な現象」を表す言葉であった。
- During early first century Han Dynasty and the Nara period in Japan, yokai was a word that described 'suspicious and bizarre phenomena.'
- 同年4月24日に公開した金森万象監督の『京小唄柳さくら』が、同社の最終作品となった。
- 'Kyo Kouta Yanagi Sakura,' a film which was directed by Bansho KANAMORI and was released on April 24 of the year, was the last film produced by the company.
- 特に印象に残ったレースはトキノミノルの東京優駿制覇(1951年)だったと語っている。
- He also mentioned that one of his most memorable races was the 1951 Tokyo Great Horses race ('Tokyo Yushun' in Japanese), won by Tokinominoru.
- 素顔のままや薄化粧では観客に対する印象が薄いため、思い切った厚化粧をする場合が多い。
- Makeup often gets daringly heavy on the stage since it makes very little impression to the audience to appear with only light or no makeup.
- 南側に桂派の象徴であった「南地金沢亭」(同じく吉本の買収後「南地花月」)が存在した。
- Embodying the Katsura school, 'Nanchi Kanazawatei Theater' (which became 'Nanchi Kagetsu Theater' after it was bought by Yoshimoto Kogyo) existed in the southern part of South Osaka.
- 彼らは、釈迦のはたらきを象徴するたけでなく、はたらきそのものとして活動するのである。
- They are not only symbols of Shaka's functions but also work as functions themselves.
- 地元では、昔から「羊太夫」の墓とされ、「羊さま」と呼んで尊崇、信仰の対象としてきた。
- For local people it was a tomb of 'Hitsuji Tayu' (a sheep officer) and they respected and worshiped it as a god, calling it 'Hitsuji-sama' (a god of sheep).
- 光明山愛染院 (板橋区)(東京都板橋区) - 地元の染物業者の信仰対象となっている)
- Komyosan Aizen-in Temple (光明山愛染院) (Itabashi Ward, Tokyo) - worshipped by local dye manufacturers
- この壁画焼損事件は、日本の文化財保護の歴史における象徴的な事件として記憶されている。
- This mural burning has been recorded as a symbolic accident in the history of protecting cultural assets in Japan.
- これをすることによって初めてご本尊や位牌が礼拝の対象になり、仏壇も箱から仏壇になる。
- Only through this ceremony, honzon and ihai become the objects of devotion and the new butsudan changes itself from just a container box to a real Buddhist altar.
- その結果、1810年(文化7年)に須弥山宇宙論による『仏国暦象編』5巻を著している。
- As a result, in 1810 he wrote 5 volumes of 'Bukkoku Rekishohen' (literally, 'study of the calendar in India') based on the astronomy of Mt. Sumeru (in Buddhism - said to be the highest mountain rising in the center of the world).
- 毎年夏休みなど長期休暇中に子どもたちを対象とした「子ども坐禅会」が各地で開催される。
- Every year, during a long vacation such as the summer vacation, 'kodomo zazenkai (zazen session for children)' for children is held in various places.
- 進物目録や結納目録になると半折の折紙となり、出す対象によって用いる紙が異なっていた。
- Different paper was used depending on the purpose of the mokuroku, as seen from the fact that twice-folded paper was used in the case of shinmotsu mokuroku (list of gifts) and yuino mokuroku (list of engagement gifts).
- 海蛇座(うみへびざ)は「火矢」を用いたヘラクレスに倒されたヒュドラを象った星座である。
- The Hydra is a constellation which imitates the Hydra that was defeated by Hercules with 'the fire arrow.'
- 男湯の浴室正面の壁面に広がる富士山を主体とした図柄は、日本の風呂文化の象徴でもあった。
- A painting of Mt. Fuji on the front wall of the men's bath was a symbol of the bath culture in Japan.
- ここから派生した戦後の混乱期を象徴する表現として、「カストリ雑誌」という言葉もあった。
- There was a word 'kasutori magazine' derived from that and symbolizing the chaotic times after World War II.
- この一種に「狂言袴」と称するものがあり、丸文の象嵌模様を狂言師の水干袴に見立てていう。
- One style of this type of bowl is known as 'Kyogen-Bakama', whose inlayed rounded pattern resembles that of kyogen performers' suikan-bakama (pleated skirt-like garments).
- 切火(きり・び)は対象にむかって火打石を打って火花を起こすことによって行う清めの儀式。
- Kiribi (flint sparks) is a ceremony for kiyome (purification) which is performed using sparks caused by striking an object with a flint.
- 実態に合わない食糧管理制度は、かつての米不足とは正反対の、深刻な米あまり現象を招いた。
- The food-control system which was far from reality invited a serious excessive production of rice which was in contrast to the former rice shortage.
- つまり、関東雛の雛の位置は真中を考えずに、左右の現象だけで判断された結果と推察される。
- Therefore, it is assumed that the position of the dolls of the Kanto region resulted from the position of the left and the right regardless of the center.
- なお、2004年の同法改正により、建造物以外の有形文化財についても登録の対象となった。
- A further amendment of the law in 2004 made tangible cultural property other than buildings also subject to designation.
- 「円教」では当然、妙(妙法蓮華経=法華経)に象徴される完全な教えを説いたとされている。
- In the theory of Gojihakkyosetsu, it is considered that, as a matter of course, Shakyamuni preached a perfect teaching as symbolized by Myo, which means Myohorengekyo; i.e., the sutra Hokkekyo, in 'Enkyo.'
- 東本願寺の抱き牡丹は同寺院の象徴として用いられ、ほかに抱き牡丹立涌、六篠笹などがある。
- The pattern of daki-botan (a peony flower held in two leaf stalks) of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple is used as its symbol, and there are daki-botan tatsuwaku (symmetrical mountain-shaped curves with peony flowers each of which are held in two leaf stalks) and roku shinozasa (six bamboo leaves).
- 円通寺は同条例の対象地となり、周辺区域では高さだけでなく、屋根の形式なども制限される。
- Entsu-ji Temple is located in the Vista View Preservation Zone, in and around which the heights of buildings as well as the roof materials or designs are restricted.
- (反対に、いつでも礼拝の対象を持ち歩く事は、良い事であると考える本願寺派僧侶もいる。)
- (Some monks of Hongan-ji School consider, to the contrary, that it is good behavior to always bring an object of worship.)
- vitarkaは「尋」とも訳し、対象を推しはかって分別する麁(あら)い心の働きをいう。
- Vitarka is also translated as 'Jin,' meaning the rough action of the mind that presumes and judges objects.
- 陰陽思想と五行思想との組み合わせによって、より複雑な事象の説明がなされるようになった。
- A combination of the cosmic dual forces ideology and Gogyo Shiso made it possible to explain more complicated things.
- しかし、一部には医術や西洋技術を講義し、さらに庶民までも受講対象となるところもあった。
- However, some of these schools taught medicine and western technologies, and further, even accepted common people.
- 日本の中世日本における妖怪画は、恐怖と災厄の象徴としての妖怪を描いたものがほとんどだ。
- Most of the ghost pictures drawn during Medieval Japan were intended to be symbols representing terror and disasters.
- ただ陽明学は宋代の陸象山の学を継承したものではあるが、その継承は直接的なものではない。
- Although Yomeigaku inherited the teachings of Lu Hsiang-shan of the Song period, it was not a direct succession.
- それ自体が勇猛な証であると評価されたことから、武士の名を高めるほか恩賞の対象となった。
- Being that Ichiban-yari was considered proof of valor, it not only raised a soldier's reputation, but also made them eligible for Onsho (reward grants).
- 私鋳銭の製造は極めて重い罪に位置づけられ、恩赦などの対象からも外される事例も見られた。
- Production of shichusen was considered an extremely serious crime, as in some cases, the producers of shichusen were not included when pardons were granted.
- ウェザーニューズでは、気象庁とは別に独自の調査で「さくら開花予想マップ」を作成している。
- Weathernews Inc. develops the 'Cherry Blossom Flowering Forecast Map' based on its own research aside from that of the Japan Meteorological Agency.
- また、画家でもあった創業者の猪田七郎が描いた「豆を運ぶロバと男」の絵も同社の象徴である。
- Also, a painting of 'a donkey and a man transporting beans' painted by Shichiro INODA, who was the founder of the company is also a symbol of the company.
- 喫茶がつたわった当初は、薬匙が使われていたため象牙や鼈甲を素材としたものが使われていた。
- Around the time when the tea drinking custom was introduced to Japan for the first time, a medicine spoon was used, which was made of ivory or turtle shells.
- 森羅万象に神(神道)や命や魂が宿るという自然崇拝・精霊崇拝(アニミズム)を内包している。
- It includes nature worship and animism, which believe that deities (Shintoism), lives and spirits exist in the universe.
- オリヴィエ・メシアンは日本旅行の印象をまとめた小管弦楽のための「7つの俳諧」を作曲した。
- Olivier MESSIAEN composed 'Nanatsu no Haikai' (seven haikai poems) for small string and wind instruments, which is a summary of his impression from his trip to Japan.
- 愛染明王(あいぜんみょうおう)は、仏教の信仰対象であり、密教特有の尊格である明王の1つ。
- Aizen Myoo (Ragaraja) is one of the Myoos (king of wisdom), being worshipped in Buddhism and having venerable status specific to Mikkyo (Esoteric Buddhism).
- 古くから信仰の対象になっており、現在でもお遍路さんや修験者などの往来の多いところがある。
- Worshipped by people since ancient times, reijo are visited even today by many ohenro san (pilgrims) as well as many ascetic Buddhist monks.
- 当時の教育は、貴族や郡司の子弟を対象にするなど、一部の人々にしか門戸を開いていなかった。
- Targeting only the children of nobles or gunji, education at that time was only for a limited number people.
- 三宝荒神(さんぼうこうじん、さんぽうこうじん)は、日本特有の仏教における信仰対象の1つ。
- Sanpokojin (or also called sanbokojin) is one of the Buddhist beliefs peculiar to Japan.
- その詳細な定義は国や研究者によって異なり、未だに世界各国で盛んな研究の対象となっている。
- Its detailed definition varies depending on the country/scholar and is an active research target in many countries of the world even now.
- 有形文化財でありながら国宝・重要文化財の指定対象とされていないものに、皇室関係品がある。
- As for items that are considered tangible cultural assets yet are designated neither national treasures nor important cultural properties, items connected to the Imperial household fall into this category.
- 「心即理」は陸象山が朱子の「性即理」の反措定として唱えた概念で、王陽明はそれを継承した。
- Shin soku ri' is a concept advocated by Lu Hsiang-shan as the antithesis to Zhu Xi's 'Sei soku ri', and taken up by Wang Yangming.
- 部分日食は必ずしも希な現象ではないことから、日食と卑弥呼の死の関連性は疑問視されている。
- A partial solar eclipse is not entirely uncommon, so the relationship between a solar eclipse and the death of Himiko is easily questioned today.
- 19世紀後半からは写実主義が衰え、印象主義を経て抽象画などのモダニズムに至る変革が起きた。
- After the decline of realism in the latter half of the 19th century, there was a transformation to impressionism and then to modernism to which abstract paintings belonged.
- 豆乳を加熱した時、ラムスデン現象によって液面に形成される膜を、竹串などを使って引き上げる。
- When soy milk is brought to boil, due to the Ramsden phenomenon a film or skin forms on the surface, which is lifted with utensils such as bamboo skewers.
- 中小規模の企業で、自前の食堂を持たないところを対象に、弁当を配達する業者も一般的となった。
- Vendor that delivered bentos to small businesses which did not have their own cafeteria became popular.
- この九十九は「長い時間(九十九年)や経験」「多種多様な万物(九十九種類)」などを象徴する。
- '九十九' symbolizes 'long time (99 years) or long experience' and/or 'varieties of things (99 kinds).'
- 絵画作品としては東京国立博物館の普賢菩薩騎象像(国宝、平安時代後期)が代表的な作例である。
- Concerning pictures, the picture of Fugen Bosatsu on an elephant in Tokyo National Museum (national treasure, the latter part of the Heian period) is a representative work.
- さらに愛欲を否定しないことから、古くは遊女、現在では水商売の女性の信仰対象にもなっている。
- Moreover, because it does not deny sexual desire, it was worshipped by prostitutes in ancient times and is worshipped by women of the present day who work in the nighttime entertainment industry.
- 孔雀明王(くじゃくみょうおう)は、仏教の信仰対象であり、密教特有の尊格である明王のひとつ。
- Kujaku Myoo is an object of worship in Buddhism and one of the Myoo (king of wisdom) having venerable status specific to Mikkyo (Esoteric Buddhism).
- このような現象に関しては、本来あるべき社会主義の理念からの逸脱として非難されることがある。
- These phenomena are sometimes criticized as a deviation from the original doctrine of Socialism.
- 天守(てんしゅ)とは日本の戦国時代 (日本)以降城の象徴的存在となった建造物のことである。
- Tenshu (天守) refers to a structure that became the symbol of a castle after the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
- 本殿は、その起源を祭壇に求められるように、祭祀の対象であって、祭祀を行なう場ではなかった。
- Honden, which was originated as an alter, used to be an object of ceremonies instead of a place for having ceremonies.
- それぞれの建具にそれぞれの役割とインテリアとしての意匠や象徴的意味が込められているようだ。
- It seems that each personal role, interior design, and symbolic meaning were incorporated into each fitting.
- 永井は外交経験も豊富であり、彼の態度は、英仏領事のみならず、英仏艦艦長にも好印象を与えた。
- NAGAI had a lot of experience of diplomacy, and his attitude gave a good impression to not only the British and French consuls but also the captains of the British and French warships.
- 幸盛は再び捕虜となるが、前回の脱走劇の印象が根強かったために、護送中に殺害されてしまった。
- Yukimori was captured again; however, his dramatic escape was so firmly entrenched in the enemy's mind that he was killed while being escorted to prison.
- その後、1965年(昭和30年)より沖縄県・奄美地方を除く全国を対象に行われるようになった。
- They, later on, extended the forecast to cover the entire country except for Okinawa Prefecture and the Amami region in 1965.
- 前者は高血圧や心臓病、腎臓病などの人を対象に、厚生労働省の「特別用途食品」に指定されている。
- Reduced-salt soy-sauce is designated as 'special-use food' for patients with cardiac disease, kidney disease, etc., by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare.
- また龍と対を成していた鳳凰を象徴したハープ型の楽器「箜篌(くご)」は、伝統としては廃絶した。
- A harp-shaped musical instrument 'kugo' which symbolized hoo (a phoenix), one of a pair of ryu and hoo, is not existent as a traditional instrument.
- なお文明堂のこのキャッチフレーズは、店の電話番号を印象付けようという意図があったものである。
- Bunmeido intended that its catch phrase would help consumers remember the telephone number of the store.
- また、沖縄独自のアイデンティティーと国際交流の象徴として、「御座楽」を見直す風潮も出てきた。
- Also, there is a trend to look again at 'Uzagaku' as a symbol of Okinawa's unique identity and international exchange.
- 女性が嫁入りするにあたって、怒りを象徴する角を隠すことで、従順でしとやかな妻となることを示す
- An indication shown by the bride at the wedding ceremony that she will be an obedient and modest wife by hiding her horns, the symbol of anger.
- 葵祭に見られるように賀茂氏の象徴であり、葵紋は賀茂神社の神紋(二葉葵・加茂葵)になっている。
- As seen in the Aoi-matsuri Festival (Hollyhock Flower Festival), the aoi-mon symbolizes the Kamo clan and has been used as the Kamo-jinja Shrine crest (two leaves of hollyhock or Kamo Aoi).
- 美術館と所蔵作品は1991年(平成3年)に京都府に寄贈され、京都府立堂本印象美術館となった。
- The museum and its collections were presented to Kyoto Prefecture in 1991 and were then opened as the Kyoto Prefectural Insho-domoto Museum of Fine Arts.
- 普賢菩薩像の象、文殊菩薩像の獅子、大威徳明王像の牛、孔雀明王像のクジャクなどがそれに当たる。
- It's used for the elephant of the statue of Fugen bosatsu (Samantabhadra Bodhisattva), Shishi (Chinese lion) of the statue of Monju Bosatsu (Manjusri), the cow of the statue of Daiitoku Myoo (the Wisdom King of Great Awe-inspiring Power), the peacock of the statue of Kujaku Myoo (whose name means Peacock King, became a god with the power to neutralize poisons).
- 無礼討のために刀を抜いたが、相手に逃亡された場合なども武士の不名誉とされ処罰の対象であった。
- When a warrior pulled his sword out for Bureiuchi but the offender ran away, the warrior was punished because his deed was considered a warrior's dishonor.
- 神のよりしろとしての象徴的意味のほかに、囃子の音を共鳴させる反響版としての役割も果たしている。
- This has a symbolic meaning as an object representative of a divine spirit, and also serves as a reverberating board for resonance of the sounds of Hayashi.
- 介錯(かいしゃく)は切腹に際して、腹を切る時の痛みを軽減するために対象者の首を刀で刎ねること。
- Kaishaku (to assist someone in committing hara-kiri by beheading him) refers to cutting off the head of a person committing Seppuku (Japanese ritual suicide by disembowelment) with a katana (sword) for the purpose of relieving the person's agony of disemboweling.
- もちろん現在では象牙、べっ甲共に稀少品なので、合成樹脂でできているものを稽古に使うことも多い。
- Of course, ivory and tortoise shells are scarce today, and consequently plectra made of synthetic resin are often used during practice.
- 進行役と言うと終始出ずっぱりの様な印象であるが、狂言回しは必ずしも終始出ずっぱりとは限らない。
- A 'narrator' gives the impression that they would remain appearing on stage, but this is not always the case with kyogen-mawashi.
- 昔の不衛生な木樽では内部まで完全に殺菌することが困難だったため、頻繁に起こっていた現象だった。
- Hiochi happened frequently in the old days, because it was difficult to completely pasteurize sake in the wooden barrels of that time as their insides were insanitary.
- 現象そのものは古くから知られており、またそれを防ぐ火入れも日本酒の歴史中古から行なわれていた。
- This phenomenon itself has been known from ancient times, and the heating process to prevent it has been done from the Middle Ages (the times around the Heian period) in the history of sake.
- 長い鼻をもつ象頭人身の像で、日本では男女2体の像が向き合って抱擁している形に表わすものが多い。
- Many statues of Kangiten, which have elephant heads and human bodies with long elephant trunks, are expressed in Japan as a figure in which a man and a woman embrace each other face to face.
- 床の間、障子戸などに細かな細工を施すのは比較的新しい時代の現象で、古い民家は素朴なものが多い。
- Relatively new houses are equipped with elaborately worked wooden parts such as tokonoma and shoji doors, whereas old minka are simple and rustic.
- こうしたことは、戦国時代 (日本)に入ると、また激しい争奪の対象ともなったことを意味していた。
- These factors meant that, entering the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States), furious battles occurred targeting the capture of this area.
- 城郭の最終防衛拠点と位置付けられ、城の象徴でもある天守は、大型の望楼櫓が発展したともいわれる。
- The tenshu that was positioned as the final strongpoint of a citadel and a symbol of a castle was said to be evolved from a large watchtower turret.
- 「自然との調和」を目指すけいはんな学研都市の理念を象徴しており、所在地も都市のほぼ中心にある。
- Symbolizing the concept of the Keihanna science city aiming at 'harmony with nature,' it is located almost in the center of the city as well.
- 今後銀相場がさらに高くなった場合、違法な貨幣損傷等取締法行為の対象にされる恐れが潜在的にある。
- If the value of silver were to go even higher, there is a potential risk that the coin will become subject to illegal acts against the Act on Control of Damaging and Other Acts Related to Coins.
- 本項では日本の文化全般について、幅広く過去から現在への事象を取り上げ、概要の説明やリンクを示す。
- This section picks up a wide range of events from the past to the present day about the whole of Japanese culture, gives explanations of summaries, and shows links.
- 日本人が寿司文化を世界に広めたために、今度は寿司ネタが世界市場で高騰すると言う現象が起きている。
- Due to spread of sushi culture worldwide by Japanese people, another phenomenon that prices of ingredients for sushi rise suddenly occurs.
- 現代の日本社会において茶屋はノスタルジアの対象であり、海外にあっては日本情緒の象徴の一つである。
- In present day Japanese society, teashops are a source of nostalgia and, abroad are a symbol of the Japanese spirit.
- 十二神将(じゅうにしんしょう)は、仏教の信仰・造像の対象である天部の神々で、また護法善神である。
- Juni Shinsho (the 12 protective deities) are tenbu, deities who reside in a heavenly realm, one of six realms in which the souls of living beings transmigrate from one to another; they are worshiped and shaped into statues in Buddhism, and are good deities that guard Buddhism.
- 獅子の背の蓮華座に結跏趺坐し、右手に智慧を象徴する利剣(宝剣)、左手に経典を乗せた青蓮華を持つ。
- It is in the lotus position on a lion's back with a sharp sword (treasure sword) to symbolize wisdom in the right hand and a shorenge bearing the sutra in the left hand.
- 独尊としては、蓮華座を乗せた六牙の白象に結跏趺坐して合掌する姿で描かれるのが、最も一般的である。
- As an individual Buddha, the most common figure is expressed as a figure which joins its hands in prayer in the lotus position on a white elephant that has six ivory tusks and has Rengeza (padmasana, Lotus base) on the back.
- 一方民間では、平地民が山地を異界として畏怖し、そこで起きる怪異な現象を天狗のイメージに付託した。
- Meanwhile, among the public, people living in flatlands were in awe of the mountains as a different world, and they associated the mysterious phenomena happening there with the image of Tengu.
- 古来から武器としての役割と同時に美しい姿が象徴的な意味を持ち、美術品としても評価の高い物が多い。
- Its beautiful shape has symbolic meaning as well as its use as a weapon since ancient times, and many are highly appraised as art objects.
- (なお、文観についても同様に、悪人の印象を植え付けるために立川流と関連付けられたとの説がある)。
- Some also believe that Monkan was associated with the Tachikawa-ryu school in order to give the impression that he was a villain.
- 十王は死者の罪の多寡を鑑み、地獄 (仏教)へ送ったり、六道への輪廻を司るなど畏怖の対象であった。
- The Juo were regarded as an awesome existence because they decided whether the dead should be sent to Jigoku (Hell, one of the posthumous realms advocated by Buddhism) and presided over the Rokudo-rinne (transmigration in the six posthumous realms advocated by Buddhism) in light of the seriousness of the karma belonging to the dead person.
- Juo were awed and feared; they were believed to send the dead to the hell (Buddhism) or the wheel of life of Rokudo (Six Realms of Reincarnation) in view of the amount of bad things each dead creature did during his or her lifetime.
- 浄土真宗における礼拝の対象は、阿弥陀仏のみという教義の為、法名軸・過去帳を礼拝の対象とはしない。
- As the target of worship in Jodo Shinshu Sect is only Amida Buddha based on its doctrine, Homyo-jiku and Kakocho are not the target of worship.
- 一定の形式とは税の徴収時期、徴収対象、徴収方法、徴収金額などを法律で定めておくというものである。
- This certain form refers to the legal definition of the time, liability, method and amount of taxation.
- 頼朝は、義仲に対する優越を確実にするため、宣旨の対象地域に北陸道を加えるよう朝廷へ要請していた。
- Yoritomo had requested that the Imperial Court include the Hokurikudo into the area covered by the decree in order to ensure his superiority over Yoshinaka.
- 824年(天長元年)以降、国司(外官)だけでなく内官(在京の官吏)も勘解由使の監査対象となった。
- In 824 and later, naikan (officers living in Kyoto) in addition to kokushi (officers living outside Kyoto) were also audited by kageyushi.
- 奴婢と異なり売買対象にはならなかったほか、戸を構える(家族を持つ)ことも出来たが、姓は無かった。
- Unlike the nuhi, they were not traded and were able to have a family; however, they were not allowed to have a family name.
- これは僧尼令や僧綱の対象が僧尼であって仏教そのものを対象にした法令ではなかった事実の反映である。
- Therefore, Soni ryo and Sogo were applied to monks and nuns, and they did not regulate Buddhism itself.
- 黒い猫は、昔の日本では『夜でも目が見える』等の理由から、「福猫」として魔除けや幸運の象徴とされた。
- In ancient Japan, a black cat symbolized an amulet or good fortune as 'fukuneko' (a good-luck cat) because it could see also in the night.
- 温泉(おんせん)とは地中から湯が湧き出す現象や湯となっている状態、またはその場所を示す用語である。
- The term 'hot spring 'refers to a phenomenon of hot water gushing out from underground, the state of hot water or the place where such phenomenon or state is seen.
- シールによる千社札の普及が、古くからある千社札の伝統や決まりを乱していると批判の対象になっている。
- Prevalence of sticker type senjafuda has become a focus of criticism that it is violating the traditions and rules governing senjafuda.
- 科挙の進士及第の者のみが通れる門を象ったとも、進士及第の作文を置くための台に由来するともいわれる。
- It is said that the shape of this daisu was modeled after a gate which only successful examinees from one of the historical civil service examination that took place in China could pass through, or a stand used to place the examinee's composition.
- その後仁左衛門は子息とともに高校生対象の歌舞伎教室を開催し、終生に渡ってファンの開拓に努め続けた。
- Afterwards, together with his son Nizaemon held kabuki kyoshitsu (kabuki classroom) for high school students and continued his effort to foster fans for kabuki.
- 特に缶コーヒーのような雰囲気が重視される商品の場合、ケミカルな印象がマイナスイメージにもなりえる。
- More especially, in products where the atmosphere is valued as canned coffee, a chemical-like impression may give a negative impression.
- 近年では、対象となる年代も広がり、明治・大正・昭和戦前期の建物まで、調査研究が行われることがある。
- In recent years, the research and study of minka has extended to include the houses of the Meiji, Taisho, and early Showa Eras.
- そのように、建てられてきた城の象徴的な多重建物、いわゆる天守をさらに流行させたのは豊臣秀吉である。
- Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI further popularized so-called Tenshu, symbolic multiple-story buildings which had been so constructed.
- 専門用語を駆使しながら、情緒的、抽象的で「ウソ、大袈裟、紛らわしい」ものもあり、注意が必要である。
- While using technical terms, some are sentimental and abstract, and 'untrue, dramatic, and misleading,' which we have to be careful of.
- 悟りや真理、仏性、宇宙全体などを円形で象徴的に表現したものとされるが、その解釈は見る人に任される。
- It is thought to be a symbol of enlightenment, truth, bussho (the Buddhist nature) or the whole universe, but the interpretation is left to each person.
- これらの現象は地上にある国家やその支配者(国王・皇帝・天皇)に重大な影響を与えると考えられてきた。
- These phenomena were thought to significantly influence nations on earth and their rulers (kings and emperors).
- 盛氏の死から10年を経ずして3人もの当主が入れ替わったことは、蘆名氏の衰微を象徴するものであった。
- The decline of the Ashina clan was symbolized by a change in the leadership of the clan which occurred three times in less than ten years from the death of Moriuji.
- こうした疑義から出発し思索する中で陸象山の学へと立ち帰り、それを精緻に発展させたのが陽明学である。
- Contemplating these questions, Wang Yangming went back to the teachings of Lu Hsiang-shan, and elaborately developed them into what became Yomei-gaku.
- 中世から近世初期にかけて押買・押売は、質取行為と並んで市場における悪習として取締りの対象とされた。
- From the middle ages to the beginning of the modern era, oshigai and oshiuri along with pawn taking, were regulated as unacceptable customs in markets.
- 武士が強訴防御に当たって出動を拒否するということは、白河・鳥羽院政期には見られなかった現象である。
- That samurai refuse to dispatch for defence against the direct petition was a phenomenon that was not seen before in the Shirakawa and Toba-in periods,
- 宗旦好みは幅67cm高さ50cmほどと小振りの真塗りで、琉球貿易により到来した唐物の卓を象ったもの。
- Sotan konomi is rather small (67 cm wide and 50 cm high) and varnished with black lacquer; it was modeled after a Chinese table which was brought through the Ryukyuan trade.
- 象牙のバチではなく、人差し指の指先につけたピックで演奏する(現代ではプラスチック製のピックが主流)。
- The sanxian is played with a pick on the performer's forefinger, while the shamisen is play with an ivory pick; however, plastic picks are now popular for use with the sanxian.
- 狸の腹鼓とも、山の神の鳴らす音楽ともいうが、現代の科学者からは一種の気象学的な現象と推測されている。
- The sound is considered to be the belly drums of raccoon dogs or a music produced by the mountain god, but modern scientists presume that it is a kind of meteorological phenomenon.
- 枕草子絵詞(まくらのそうしえことば)は、『枕草子』の日記章段の印象的な場面を抽出して絵画化した絵巻。
- 'Makura no Soshi Ekotoba' refers to the picture scrolls on which impressive scenes selected from the passages in the diary of 'Makura no Soshi' (The Pillow Book) were depicted.
- 秋口にメスの体内にある卵は象牙色の袋に包まれており、タコの袋児(ふくろご)と呼ばれ、煮付けて食べる。
- Eggs found inside the body of a female in early autumn are wrapped in an ivory colored sac and are called the octopus' fukurogo ('sac child'); these are eaten boiled with soy sauce and sugar.
- 登録物件は近代(明治以降)に建造・製作されたものが主であるが、江戸時代のものも登録対象になっている。
- Cultural properties of the Edo Period can be candidates for registration, however most items registered were built or made in modern times (in or after the Meiji Period).
- 徳島県美馬市脇町や岐阜県美濃市など一部の地域では、うだつを地域の象徴的な存在として保存に努めている。
- Parts of Waki-machi, Mima City, Tokushima Prefecture and Mino City, Gifu Prefecture are trying to preserve udatsu as their regional symbol.
- そうした結果、たくさんの店舗が移転または閉店を余儀なくされ福知山の商都の象徴が閉館する方向に進んだ。
- Resultantly, many stores were forced to move to other places or to be closed, and the place, which had once been a symbol of the commercial city of Fukuchiyama, was going to be closed.
- 以下は、望楼型・層塔型の区分に関係なく、主に天守等の象徴的建物や大型の櫓に見られる意匠・構造である。
- The following describes designs/structures seen on symbolic structures mainly including Tenshu and large-scale Yagura, regardless of whether they were Borogata (lookout tower type keep) or Sotogata (multi-leveled tower type keep).
- 金碧障壁画は、書院の単なる装飾的な価値だけでなく、当然ながら地位権力を象徴する演出として利用された。
- Kinpeki-shohekiga was not only valued as a simple decoration of Shoin (reception room) but also utilized as a stage effect to naturally symbolize status and power.
- 日本では支配者の狩猟活動は権威の象徴的な意味を持ち、古墳時代の埴輪には手に鷹を乗せたものも存在する。
- In Japan, hunting by rulers implied a symbolic sense of authority and some clay figures in Kofun Period display a falcon on their arms.
- よって「悪人」であると目覚させられた者こそ、阿弥陀仏の救済の対象であることを知りえるという意である。
- This thought shows that the true objects of Amida Buddha's salvation are those who are aware that they are 'evil.'
- 国家の抑圧の対象となった私寺を官寺への編入申請する事で抑圧を回避を図る動きがあったと考えられている。
- It is considered that a move was made to avoid state control through a request for incorporation of private temples, targets of oppression, into state-sponsored temples (kanji).
- この頃、『即身成仏義』『声字実相義』『吽字義』『文鏡秘府論』『篆隷万象名義』等を立て続けに執筆した。
- Around this time, he wrote 'Sokushin Jobutsu gi,' 'Shojijissogi,' 'Unjigi,' 'Bunkyo-hifuron,' and 'Tenrei-Bansho-Meigi' one after another.
- 桜餅と同様に一部では、材料費を抑えるため、柏の葉を象ったビニールシートで餅を包んだものが売られている。
- In order to save material cost, kashimamochi wrapped with a plastic sheet shaped like an oak leaf is sold as well as Sakuramochi in some regions.
- 気象庁による「さくらの開花予想」の発表は、1951年(昭和26年)に関東地方を対象に当初行われていた。
- In 1951, the Japan Meteorological Agency originally issued the 'forecast of cherry blossom blooming dates' mainly in the Kanto region.
- 中華文明圏において「強」「弱」という漢字に弓の字が使われているのは、それが武力の象徴であるからである。
- The reason why the Chinese character '強' (strong) and '弱' (weak) include the Chinese character of 弓 (bow) is that it is the symbol of the force.
- これは暦法の違いが原因なのでなく、同一事象(春分)をどの月にするかという決まりが違っているからである。
- This is caused by a difference in the rules for determining in which month the same event (the spring equinox) should be performed, rather than a difference in the method of making the calendars.
- サンゴ、瑪瑙、ヒスイ、鼈甲、象牙、幕末頃にはギヤマン(硝子)、大正頃にはセルロイドなども登場している。
- Coral, agate, jade, tortoise shell, ivory, glass (from the end of Edo period), and celluloid (from the Taisho period) were used.
- その点については芸術や技術的なすべての分野について洋の東西を問わず、こうした現象は見られるものである。
- Such a trend can be observed in all fields of art and techniques in all countries.
- 一方では高校生を対象とする歌舞伎教室を開催、「若鮎の会」を主宰して若手俳優の指導など人材育成に努めた。
- However, he made efforts to develop human resources including holding kabuki classes for high-school students and instructing young actors and actresses by leading 'wakaayu-no-kai (group of young sweetfish).'
- 付喪神となりうる寄り代も森羅万象であり、人工の器物(道具)や建造物の他、動植物や自然の山河などに及ぶ。
- Yorishiro that could become Tsukumogami were shinrabansho, including artificial tools and buildings, animals and plants as well as natural mountains and rivers.
- 小袖の発生に関する研究は、極めて学術的で専門的な学問の研究対象であり、簡単に答えが出せるものではない。
- As the origin of Kosode is a quite academic and technical theme of study, it cannot be easily found out.
- 「飲んでつぶしてポイ」のキャッチコピーに象徴されるように、人は酒にありがたみを感じることがなくなった。
- As the catchphrase 'drink, crush, and throw away' represented, people did not appreciate sake.
- 後に菩薩は、修行中ではあるが、人々と共に歩み、教えに導くということで、庶民の信仰の対象となっていった。
- Later Bosatsu, in spite of a disciplinant, became a target of people's belief because it was considered to live with people and lead people to Buddha's teaching.
- 加えて、1990年代、マスコミなどで官官接待などが非難の対象になると一気に宴会ブームが去ってしまった。
- Also, in the 1990s, after bureaucrats' practice of entertaining each other was widely criticized in newspapers and on TV, the 'banquet boom' rapidly disappeared.
- 白砂で水の流れを象徴するところに特徴があるが、これは庭園には水が不可欠のものであるという考えがひそむ。
- The idea that white sand symbolize water flow is a characteristic of this type of dry garden, and behind the concept is an idea that water is indispensable in a garden.
- 定田(じょうでん)とは、荘園・公領に対する検注によって官物・所当・年貢・公事の賦課対象と認定された田。
- Joden (定田) refers to rice fields which were designated, as a result of a kenchu (land survey) on territories belonging to shoen (manors) and koryo (public lands), as taxable lands in regard to the payment of kanmotsu (tribute goods paid as taxes or tithes), shoto (tax on rice fields), nengu (annual tribute, land tax), and kuji (public duties).
- その規模、容姿は太田牛一や宣教師の記述にあるように天下布武、信長の天下統一事業を象徴する城郭であった。
- According to the descriptions made by Gyuichi OTA and the missionary, the scale and appearances of the castle symbolized Nobunaga's task of unifying the whole country that was expressed in his policy 'Unify Japan by the military government.'
- 実施してから向こう10年間、対象寺社の拝観者は窓口で大人50円、小人30円を拝観料にプラスして支払う。
- For ten years after the enforcement of the act, visitors to the temples and the shrines subject to the tax had to pay an additional fee of 50 yen (for adults) or 30 yen (for children) as the tax imposed on the entrance fee.
- 太政官符により東海道・東山道を対象に架橋と布施屋の設置を命じられた際、長良川をはさんで開設されたもの。
- This Fuseya, which straddled Nagara-gawa River, was established as part of an order of Daijokanpu (official documents issued by the Daijokan, Grand Council of State) to build bridges and establish Fuseya throughout Tokaido and the Tosando area.
- 十字架やサンタクロース等の、特定の歴史や物語の象徴となる物は物語中と似たような働きを果たすと考えられた。
- Symbols associated with a certain history or story such as a crucifix or Santa Claus were thought to have effects similar to these stories.
- 密教では菩提心(真理を究めて悟りを求めようという心)の象徴とされ、同じ性格を持つ金剛薩埵と同一視される。
- In Mikkyo it is regarded as a symbol of aspiration for Buddhahood (a mind to seek enlightenment through mastering the truth) and seen as the same entity as Kongosatta which has the same character.
- 日本では、勢至菩薩が単独で信仰の対象となることはきわめてまれで、多くは阿弥陀三尊の脇侍として造像された。
- In Japan, it is very rare for Seishi Bosatsu to be the sole target of religious attention, and is usually found as an attendant figure of Amida Sanzon.
- 京都府立堂本印象美術館(きょうとふりつどうもといんしょうびじゅつかん)は、京都府京都市北区にある美術館。
- The Kyoto Prefectural Insho-Domoto Museum of Fine Arts is an art museum in Kita Ward, Kyoto City.
- 阿弥陀如来を本尊とするが、信仰の対象として建てられた阿弥陀堂と異なり常行三昧行を修するための仏堂である。
- Although the Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) is placed as the honzon (principal object of worship at a temple), this hall is not an Amida-do hall for the Amida worship, but an hall for the purpose of exercise of the Jogyo zanmai-gyo.
- ただし、一円知行地であっても、俗人が名前を借りて知行しているだけのものであれば、撤廃の対象にはならない。
- However, if it was land managed by a commoner who had borrowed the name of a noble, even if it was Ichien Chigyo territory, the annulment of hanzei did not apply.
- 一方、ナイフ投げの場合は、対象との距離により、投げ出す速度と回転の掛け具合を変えて、刺中させる打法となる。
- Meanwhile, in knife throwing the target is hit by adjusting the speed of the throw and the way it spins and depending on the distance from the target.
- 庖丁道(庖丁式)とは料理に関する作法・故実や調理法などを最も頻用する調理器具の包丁で象徴した呼び名である。
- The way of the kitchen knife (or the kitchen knife method) is the name given to cooking-related matters such as the art of cooking, its etiquette, and its traditions, and it has as its symbol one of the most frequently used cooking utensils, the kitchen-knife.
- そして彼の芸は大阪京都だけでなく東京の観客にも認められ、関西歌舞伎イコール中村鴈治郎という現象が生まれる。
- His performance was acknowledged not only by audiences in Osaka and Kyoto, but also by audiences in Tokyo, leading to Ganjiro Nakamura being regarded as a synonym for Kansai Kabuki.
- 後者「カラオケ」がその使用対象の大きさからも通常一般に第一に思い起こされる(想起される)ものとなっている。
- This 'karaoke' has widely spread and most people mean this one when they say 'karaoke'.
- 魚の形をしているのは、魚は日夜を問わず目を閉じないことから、修行に精進することの象徴であったためとされる。
- It is believed that its fish-like shape was a symbol of devoting one to training since a fish never closes its eyes at any time during the day or night.
- 「破墨」という用語は、書道においては、墨線と墨線が交差して、墨をはじいたような効果をだす現象に使用される。
- The term, 'haboku' is used to generate an effect similar to shed an ink by crossing ink lines.
- 彫三島 - 古三島とは異なり、江戸時代以降日本からの注文で製作された、地紋が浮き彫り状ないし象嵌様のもの。
- Hori-mishima: unlike ko-mishima bowls, these were ordered from Japan from the Edo period onwards and had an embossed or inlayed pattern.
- 飲料の低アルコール化という現象の延長線上には、ノン・アルコール化もしくはアルコール離れといった現象がある。
- The phenomenon of low-alcohol drinks led to the phenomenon of non-alcohol or an avoidance of alcohol.
- 自然現象・植物・動物・日用品などを図案化し、規則正しく幾何学的に繰り返すことによって文様を表すことが多い。
- Most of these patterns are a regular geometric repetition of a design of a natural phenomenon, plant, animal or daily necessity.
- 仏身(色身)を憶念の対象とする「見仏」、禅定三昧の中で観察する「観想」・「観仏」も念仏とするようになった。
- 見仏' which makes Buddha Body (仏身) (色身) a subject of tenacious belief, 'meditation' and '観仏', which are observation in jhana samadhi (禅定三昧), became to be included in Buddhist invocation.
- 坐禅は瞑想と同一視される場合があるが、目を閉じて何らかの対象を頭の中でイメージする瞑想とは方向性が異なる。
- Zazen is sometimes perceived as the same as visual meditation ('meiso'), however the direction of zazen is different to that of visual meditation in which the eyes are closed and an object is visualized in the mind.
- しかしながら、南伝の上座部仏教においては、上記で説明される通り、まぎれもなく仏舎利を信仰の対象としていた。
- However, in the Theravada Buddhism introduced from the south, Buddha's sarira was undoubtedly the object of worship, as explained above.
- また、小学生や中学生を対象としたサイエンスクラブがあり、1年間を通じたグループ研究活動などが行われている。
- The museum keeps a science club for elementary school pupils and junior high students, where full-year group research activities and so on are conducted.
- したがって、中国の城の象徴的建物である正殿のような邸宅ではなく、西洋の城にあるkeep towerに近い。
- Therefore, Tenshu was not such a residence as Seiden (main palace) symbolic of a Chinese castle but closer to a keep tower of a European castle.
- しかし、高利での貸付に耐え切れなくなった人々が徳政一揆を引き起こし、寺院がその攻撃の対象となることもある。
- However, sometimes people who could not bear the high interest rates rose up demanding cancellation of debt (tokusei ikki) and attacked the temples.
- 政権確立後は各種寺院法度の発布や本末制度・檀家制度の確立を通じて日本全国を対象とした宗教統制策を遂行した。
- After he came to power, controls on religions all over Japan were placed through the promulgation of various jiinhatto (Act of Temples) and the establishment of honmatsu seido (main-branch temple system) and danka seido (parishioner system).
- また、弘長3年(1261年)には興福寺を対象とした公家新制が行われ、それを通告した太政官牒が残されている。
- Also, in 1261, Kugeshinsei (new laws imposed by the Imperial Court) targeting at Kofuku-ji Temple were set and there is an official document from Daijokan (Grand Council of State) to Buddhist temples left.
- 聖徳太子は日本における仏教興隆の祖として神格化され、日本の仏教寺院では宗派を問わず崇拝の対象となっている。
- Prince Shotoku is now deified as the person who laid the foundation of the development of Buddhism in Japan, so he is worshiped in every Buddhist temple in Japan regardless of its sect and school.
- 一方、陽明学の造詣の深さで、佐久間象山と対比される備中松山藩の山田方谷は、瀕死の藩財政を見事、建て直した。
- On the other hand, Hokoku YAMADA, who in his deep knowledge of Yomeigaku bears comparison with Shozan SAKUMA, completely restored the moribund finances of the Bitchu-Matsuyama domain.
- なお、永仁の徳政令では年期売に関する規定はないが、建武政権や室町幕府の徳政令では年期売も対象とされていた。
- Moreover, though the Einin-era debt cancellation order does not include any provisions regarding nenki-uri, the debt cancellation orders given during the Kenmu Restoration and under the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) do explicitly apply to nenki-uri.
- これらの浮世絵から取り入れられた形状と色彩構成は、現代アートにおける抽象表現の成立要素のひとつと考えられる。
- The form and color composition adopted from these ukiyoe are thought to be an element of expression in modern art.
- 賑やかさの奥底にある哀しみを描いているのだが、一般的な行事の印象が如何に強いかを物語るエピソードとも言える。
- Although he had intended to express sorrow behind the boisterous scenes, the anecdote above indicates how impressions of well-known events often overshadow the message.
- 愛媛県には「いよかん大使」を起用したミカン(かんきつ類全般を対象とする)PRキャンペーンを例年行なっている。
- In Ehime Prefecture, they tailored a campaign for mikan using the title 'Ambassador Iyokan' (for all the citrus fruits) every year.
- 長母音やウ音便を多用することから、全般的にテンポが遅く、ゆったりとした柔らかい印象を与えるのが特徴的である。
- Generally speaking, it is characterized by frequent use of long vowels and euphonic changes 'u,' giving an impression of being slow-paced, unstrained and floppy.
- その後、カラオケボックスとなり、学生までその対象が広がると、歌謡曲やヒット曲、そして洋楽へと音源は広がった。
- After that, when the karaoke box emerged and students were targeted, the music source range included popular songs, hit songs, and Western music.
- 受賞対象分野は、エレクトロニクス、バイオテクノロジーおよびメディカルテクノロジー、材料科学、情報科学である。
- The prize is available in the Electronics, Biotechnology and Medical Technology, Materials Science, and Information Science fields.
- これらの例からもわかるように白足袋は清浄を示す象徴であり、ほかの足袋とは性格の異ったものとして扱われている。
- As known from these examples, white tabi are a symbol of purity so that they are treated differently from that of other kinds of tabi.
- また、中国に対しては、それまで限られた3市5省のみに発給していた団体観光査証の発給対象地域を全土に拡大した。
- With regards to China, Japan used to allow group tour visas for only three cities and five provinces, but this was then expanded to cover the whole land of China.
- 唐代には紫衣に金魚袋(三品以上)・緋衣に銀魚袋(五品以上)という姿が高官の象徴とされ、位階相当で使用された。
- In the Tang Dynasty, Sanbon (the third rank of the court) or higher officers put on purple Buddhist priest stoles with goldfish-bag ornament and Gohin (the fifth rank of the court) or higher officers wore cardinal Buddhist priest stoles with silverfish-bag ornament according to their Ikai (court rank).
- 桜は、春を象徴する花として、日本人にはなじみが深く、初春に一斉に開花する特徴があり、春を告げる役割を果たす。
- Japanese people are familiar with cherry blossoms as a symbol of spring, which signify the coming of spring when they bloom all together at the beginning of spring.
- 螺鈿紫檀五絃琵琶(らでんしたんのごげんびわ):鼈甲(べっこう)や螺鈿(らでん)の象嵌があしらわれた五絃の琵琶
- Raden Shitan no Gogen Biwa: A five-string biwa decorated with turtle shell and seashell or precious metal inlay
- 私のしごと館(わたしのしごとかん)は、若者を対象に職業体験の機会、職業情報、職業相談等を提供する施設である。
- The Vocational Museum provides young people with work experience, recruitment information, and vocational counseling.
- 城は軍事拠点との意味付けより、政治の拠点、領主の権威と権力の象徴、地域のランドマークとしての意味が強くなる。
- The castle functioned as a political center, a symbol of authority and power of lords, or a local land mark rather than a military base.
- 古来より、日本家屋独特のほの暗さの文化や陰翳の美を演出するものとして、日本の建築文化の象徴的な存在であった。
- Since ancient times, shoji has been in existence as a symbol of Japanese architectural culture while creating the beauty of light and shadow and a culture that respects the contrast, both of which are unique to a Japanese house.
- 一般的にこの神の形象は、主神は頭に唐制の頭巾を被り、服は和風の狩衣姿、左手に鼓、右手でこれを打つ姿に描かる。
- Generally the features of this main deity is designed by placing a hood made in Tang on the head and kariginu (informal clothes worn by Court nobles), having Tsuzumi (hand drum) in the left hand, and beating it by the right hand.
- ただし、法華経に見られる羅刹女の名称については法華経陀羅尼品以前の出所が不明であり、研究の対象になっている。
- It should be noted, however, that the source of the names of rasetsunyo in Hokekyo prior to Hokekyo Daranihon is unknown and it is the subject of study.
- 誰にでも手渡せる名号を、貧富の差なく礼拝し、自分たち庶民も阿弥陀仏の救済の対象であるのだと伝えるためである。
- It was to teach everyone that common people could also receive salvation through Amida Buddha by praying to myogo, which could be handed to anyone, without any difference between the rich and the poor.
- 盲目の人や(外国人など)漢字を読めない人たちが、救済の対象から外されてしまう、それは阿弥陀仏の本願ではない。
- It is not a real wish of Amida Buddha for blind people and people who cannot read kanji (Chinese characters) (like foreigners) to be excluded from the subject of salvation.
- 天文現象に合理的な規則性を求める科学としての天文学の日本における成立は江戸時代の西洋天文学の伝来以後である。
- Astronomy as a science with the aim of seeking rational regularity was established in Japan only after Western astronomy was introduced in the Edo period.
- 今の場合、まだそこまで行っていないが、おそらくは用語不慣れと箱館の好印象のため、不用意に発した言葉であろう。
- In this case, it had not got there yet, so probably they used these terms because of not getting used to the terms and their good impression on Hakodate that made them careless about it.
- この際、清の冊封の象徴であった「迎恩門」や「恥辱碑」といわれる大清皇帝功徳碑を倒し「独立門」を記念に建てた。
- At this time 'Yeongeunmun' and the Samjeondo Monument that is dubbed as 'disgrace gate' were destroyed and 'Independence Gate' was errected to celebrate its independence.
- これは牛肉は牛鍋に示されるように文明開化の象徴であり、「他人」とは粗末な呼び方だという考えがあったからである。
- The reason for this came from the thought that beef was a symbol of westernization of Japan like sukiyaki, and the call 'tanin (stragner)' sounded humble.
- - 明治期の開国で訪日した人の報告・訪欧した人の主張や、日清・日露戦争に勝利した日本を見て広まった印象・把握。
- Reports by people visiting Japan in the Meiji period after opening the country to the world, insistences of people visiting Europe, and impressions and understanding spread as a result of seeing Japan which won the Japanese-Sino and Japanese-Russo Wars
- 平安時代に公家が使った「小袖」という言葉が、現在の日本語の「小袖」と同じ意味なのかどうかは、研究の対象である。
- It is a theme of study whether the word 'Kosode' used by the court nobles during the Heian period means the same as the Modern Japanese 'Kosode.'
- 八景は瀟湘八景のように対象が固定されているものも多いが、台湾八景のように時代とともに内容が変遷するものもある。
- In many cases Eight Views, like the Eight Views of Xiaoxiang, consist of fixed subjects, but there are also the ones whose targets vary across the ages, like Eight Views of Taiwan.
- 前者のような伝統的な形式では、八景を構成する個々の項目は、風景の対象地とそこでの事象や事物を組み合わせている。
- In the former case of the traditional style, each component of Eight Views is a combination of the place for the scenery and the phenomenon or object there.
- もともと「水で割る」という対象でなかった日本酒は、こうした趨勢に乗り遅れ、さらに消費を低迷させることとなった。
- The sake which was not 'mixed with water' originally delayed from such trends and its consumption slump fell furthermore.
- もし、○○家とのみ記されている場合は、三折本尊などの礼拝の対象を持参して、合掌礼拝・称名念仏すべきものである。
- When visiting a graveyard with only a family name written on it, visitors should bring an object of worship, such as mitsuori honzon, and worship it while putting the palms of the hands together, chanting nenbutsu and invocating the name of Buddha.
- これまで半済令の対象となっていなかった一円知行地についてはこの法の規定に関わらず今後も半済を行ってはならない。
- Regardless of the provisions of the law, hanzei was not to be applied to Ichien Chigyo territory that had not been subjected to Hanzeirei up to that time.
- 日本では埴輪に象られているが、ヨーロッパで発見された古代人類の通称アイスマンといわれる人も、矢筒を携帯していた。
- In Japan it is a design on Haniwa, and a primitive man discovered in Europe and called the iceman also had a quiver.
- また、玉虫色などの昆虫名、氷、初雪などの地象などによる他、白襲、赤色などの色名、枯野など景物にちなむものもある。
- Other seasonal features that irome were named after include insects such as jewel beetle, terrestrial phenomena such as ice and the first snow of the year, in addition to colors such as shiragasane (white layers) and akairo (red color) as well as landscapes such as kareno (withered fields).
- 当時の人々は、この現象が肉体的な面からと精神的な面から、子供たちに好ましからぬ影響を与えるのではないかと考えた。
- People at the time thought this phenomenon could give undesirable influence to children both physically and mentally.
- 「花より団子」という諺は花見団子に由来し、花の観賞という抽象的な行為より団子という実質を選ぶ行動を揶揄したもの。
- The proverb 'hana yori dango' (dumplings are preferable to flowers) has its origins in the eating of dango at hanami parties and makes fun of people's tendency to choose a more tangible substance such as dango over the abstract act of viewing flowers.
- 各地域での桜の開花予想日は毎年3月に気象庁から発表され、同じ日に開花予想された地域を結んだ線は桜前線と呼ばれる。
- In every March, the Japan Meteorological Agency announces the timetable for the blooming of cherry blossoms all over Japan, and the line connecting the areas where the blossoms will bloom on the same date is called the cherry blossom front.
- よく用いられる図柄は新年の干支(十二支)、宝船や七福神などの縁起物、フキやウメの花など早春を象徴するものである。
- Frequently used patterns include the zodiac animals (junishi) of the new year, lucky charms such as a treasure ship and the Seven Deities of Good Luck, symbols of early spring such as Japanese butterbur and plum blossoms.
- また四天王の一員としてだけでなく、中央アジア、中国など日本以外の広い地域でも、独尊として信仰の対象となっている。
- Additionally, it is not only one of the shitenno but is worshiped individually over a broad region, such as Central Asia and China (other than in Japan).
- 太刀の鞘の先端に付く金具である鉄製の鞘尻金具に、富本銭にも用いられた七曜文などの見事な銀象嵌がほどこされている。
- The iron chape, which is a metal fitting attached to the edge of a sheath, is decorated with beautiful silver inlays with the 'Shichiyomon' pattern, which was also used for Fuhonsen coins.
- 法界、金剛、宝光、蓮華、業用の各像はそれぞれ馬、獅子、象、金翅鳥(こんじちょう)、孔雀の上の蓮華座に乗っている。
- The figures of Hokkai, Kongo, Hoko, Renge and Goyo sit on a lotus pedestal on top of a horse, lion, elephant, golden bird and peacock, respectively.
- このように、地蔵菩薩は最も弱い立場の人々を最優先で救済する菩薩であることから、古来より絶大な信仰の対象となった。
- As mentioned above, Jizo Bosatsu is the Bosatsu who relieves the weakest people above everything else, so that he has been worshipped enormously since ancient times.
- これは全ての仏は宇宙の真理の象徴であり、法身である大日如来が姿を変えて現われたものとする観念に基づくと思われる。
- This is thought to be based on the thinking that all Buddhas are a sign of universal truth and a manifestation of Dainichinyorai, who has attained Buddhism's highest form of existence, in a different appearance.
- 表千家という名は、表千家を象徴する茶室不審菴(ふしんあん)が裏千家の今日庵に比して通りの表にあることに由来する。
- The term 'Omote-senke' derived from Fushin-an, which the tea-ceremony room symbolizing Omote-senke, being situated at the front (omote) of the street as compared to Konnichi-an at Ura (back)-senke.
- 一般的に葬礼は仏式で行われることが多く、結婚式はキリスト教式あるいは神式で、といった宗教形式の混在現象が見られる。
- There is seen such a phenomenon of mixed religious form as funeral services are generally held in accordance with Buddhist rituals, and wedding ceremonies are held in accordance with the Christian or Shinto rituals.
- 王の文字はマサカリの象形文字で、腹掛け姿は鍛冶を象徴することから、いち早く鉄文化を手に入れた豪族というものである。
- It says that the character 王 (king) is a hieroglyphic character representing a war ax and the figure with a bib symbolizes a blacksmith and, therefore, it was a powerful clan that was among the first to introduce the use of iron forging.
- 転じて、カバラやブードゥー教など、神秘主義・象徴主義的な教義を持つ仏教以外の宗教宗派も、密教と呼ばれる場合がある。
- By extension, the religion and sects that have mystical and symbolic dharma, such as cabala, kabbalah and Booduism, other than Buddhism, are in some cases referred to as Mikkyo.
- 近隣にある古墳の石室との比較、副葬品の鉄地銀象嵌鞘尻金具などから、7世紀中葉から後半にかけて造営されたと思われる。
- When comparing the stone chambers with those in the neighboring tumuli and considering the iron chape with silver inlays among the burial articles, it seems that the tumulus was built from the mid to the late 7th century.
- なお、裁判自体は正信会による寺院占拠問題と同じように、信仰次元の問題なので、裁判の対象ではない。として棄却された。
- The litigation itself was dismissed on the grounds that the subject matter cannot be the subject of litigation because, like the problem of temple occupation, it is a matter of faith.
- 法曼荼羅 - 諸仏の姿を直接描く代わりに、1つの仏を1つの文字(サンスクリット文字、梵字)で象徴的に表わしたもの。
- Ho Mandala - the one that expresses a Buddha symbolically by means of a single letter (Sanskrit character, bonji (Siddhaṃ script)), instead of painting him directly.
- 江戸時代以降には、城郭で発展した技術も生かされ、火災や盗難防止のために盛んに建てられ、後に裕福さの象徴ともなった。
- From the Edo period, the construction of dozo for fire-proofing and theft prevention flourished, often with the adoption of techniques developed in castle construction, and this created an impression of affluence.
- しかし、富裕層では裕福の象徴的な意味もあり、新築で建てるなど比較的数が多く、日本の職人も研修などで訪れたりもする。
- However, newly built thatched houses are still relatively numerous because it is a symbol of wealth among the rich and Japanese craftsmen visit these countries for training.
- これらを包括的に「近代化遺産」と称し、1993年(平成5年)から「建造物の部」の重要文化財の指定対象となっている。
- These are collectively called 'modernization heritage'; since 1993 they have become candidates for designation as important cultural properties in the 'buildings' section.
- 平坦な広場として実用的に使われていた「庭」に小池を掘り、小島を築いて観賞の対象としての「庭園」が造られたのである。
- Until then, 'gardens' were built on flat agora and practically used, however, they dug a small pond with a small island, and made the 'garden' into an object for viewing.
- 自然が人間と対立し克服すべき対象となるのではなく、自然の中にとけこみ、自然に従いながら作庭しようとする意味である。
- It means that nature is not an object opposed to human and to be overcome, but an object that a human adapts himself to and a human should produce gardens subject to nature.
- 大師堂(だいしどう)は、日本における仏堂の呼称の1つで、大師 (僧)を贈られた僧を礼拝の対象として祀るものである。
- Daishi-do hall is a type of Buddhist hall in Japan built to enshrine and pray to a priest who was entitled as Daishi (literally a great master, an honorific title given by the Imperial Court).
- なお、国宝・彦根城築城400年の開催を機に、、2007年(平成19年)、小説を対象に、舟橋聖一文学賞が創設された。
- In 2007 on the 400th anniversary of Hikone-jo Castle Seiichi FUNAHASHI Literature Prize focused on novels was established.
- 元寇で恩賞地配分の対象とされたため細分化され、南北朝時代 (日本)には名前だけを残して荘園としての実態は失われた。
- Kanzaki Manor was divided up to provide land plots which were granted as rewards during the Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, and by the Northern and Southern Courts period had lost all status as a manor - existing in name only.
- 大陸の文人に近づくことを目標とした日本の文人達は、煎茶道具の中でもとりわけ文人趣味の象徴といえるこの道具を寵愛した。
- Japanese literati, who adored continental literati and made it as their goal to live like them, particularly loved this tool among the utensils for Senchado, since it could be regarded as a symbol of the literati culture.
- これは、正月の期間、東アジアからの訪日旅行者を対象に、冬の日本の魅力などを広報し、集客の拡大に努めているものである。
- YOKOSO! JAPAN WEEKS is held over the new year period to introduce the charms of wintertime Japan and to attract travelers from East Asian countries.
- しかし、たびたび奢侈(しゃし)禁制の対象とされ、女房はもちろん、高貴な女性まで一切禁止という法令が出たこともあった。
- However, futaeorimono was often the target of sumptuary laws, and even regulations were issued to ban its use by not only nyobo but also the noble women.
- むしろ実物を目にする機会が少なくなっているため、走馬灯という単語はこの現象そのものを指すものと誤用される場合が多い。
- It becomes rare for the public to see the real somato, so the word somato is often misunderstood to indicate the phenomenon itself.
- この暦法では、西洋天文学の書物の中国語訳である『暦象考成後編』を元に、月や太陽の運行に楕円軌道法や消長法を採用した。
- This rekiho adopted the theory that the orbit of the sun and the moon is ellipse and the method that formulated a periodical variation of astronomical constants in calculating the celestial movement, based on 'Rekisho kosei kohen (A Complete Carendrical Treatise on the Method of Calculating the Celestial Movement: a Sequel to the Former Work),' a translation of the Chinese version of Western astronomy books.
- これは、内側から外側へ向かう動きを暗示し、大日如来の抽象的な智慧が、現実世界において実践されるさまを表現するという。
- This suggests the movement from the inner side to the outer side and represents the transformation of Dainichi Nyorai's abstract wisdom into practice in the real world.
- 国土交通大臣、運輸安全委員会、気象庁長官、海上保安庁長官その他の関係行政機関に対して報告又は資料の提出を求めること。
- To request the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Japan Transport Safety Board, Commissioner of Japan Meteorological Agency, Commissioner of Japan Coast Guard, and other related administrative organs, to submit reports or data;
- Request the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Japan Safety Transport Board, Commissioner of Japan Meteorological Agency, Commissioner of Japan Coast Guard, and other related administrative organs, to submit reports or data.
- 欧米の霊廟、マウソレウム(Mausoleum)とは、亡くなった指導者のために構築される大きく印象的な墓を指している。
- The term 'mausoleum' in Western countries refers to a large, impressive tomb constructed for a deceased leader.
- 文明的とされた洋風建築の要素と伝統的なステータスの象徴であった和風建築の要素の双方を組み合わせたところに特徴がある。
- The style is characterized by a combination of elements of Western architecture which was considered civilized, and Japanese architecture which was seen as a symbol of traditional status
- (以上は刃文の態様を言い表す表現)等、極力具象的な表記がなされ、鑑賞者の主観的な思い入れが混入する事を排除している。
- (these expressions above describe the appearance of Hamon), with a concrete description, and eliminates the incorporation of the subjective feeling of an observer.
- 1460年から1461年にかけて、異常気象による凶作と疫病の上に畠山氏の内紛による兵乱により、寛正の大飢饉が起こる。
- The nation was hit by the Kansho Famine from 1460 to 1461, which was caused by disturbances due to the internal troubles of the Hatakeyama clan in addition to a poor harvest because of abnormal weather, as well as an epidemic.
- 日本語では印契(いんげい)、あるいは単に印(いん)とも言い、おもに仏像が両手で示す象徴的なジェスチャーのことを指す。
- In Japanese terms, it has the same meaning as the term ingei (印契) or its simplified form in (印), referring mainly to the symbolic gesture of a Buddhist statue.
- 四菩薩(しぼさつ)とは、文字通り「四名の菩薩」の意であり、仏教の信仰・造像の対象である菩薩の組み合わせの1つである。
- Shibosatsu (shi means four), means four Bosatsu literally, is a combination of Bosatsu as the object of worship or construction of statues in the Buddhism.
- 一方、海外において日本美術の装飾性が注目され、ジャポニズムがブームとなり、印象派やアール・ヌーボーへの刺激を与えた。
- Meanwhile, in foreign countries, Japanese art attracted people's attention to its decorativeness, originated the boom of Japonisme (in English, Japanism), and gave artistic stimulation to the impressionists and Art Nouveau.
- オリオン座は、アルテミスがアポロンの策略によって、自らオリオンを弓矢で射抜いたため、死に至り天空に星座として象られた。
- The origin of Orion is as follows; Orion was shot to death by Artemis because of Apollo's plot and was imitated in the heaven.
- これも「知恵」が単純に文化秩序を象徴するわけではないことを物語っている、と共立女子短期大学講師・猪股ときわは分析する。
- Tokiwa INOMATA, a lecturer at Kyoritsu Women's Junior College, analyzes that this implies that a 'clever mind' does not simply represent cultural order.
- これらの現象と呼応するように、どかべんに象徴される金属製の弁当箱は、耐熱性プラスティックなどの弁当箱に変わっていった。
- In response to such a move, heat-resistant plastic lunchbox gradually replaced metal lunchbox typified by a packed meal in an oversized lunch-box.
- 主人公ではないことが多いが、物語の根幹に関わるシーンで重要な役目を果たすことから、主役以上に強く印象に残ることがある。
- Though a kyogen-mawashi is frequently not the protagonist, they sometimes leave a stronger impression since they perform an important role in scenes that are at the base of the story.
- 「池の間」は無文の場合もあるが、ここに銘文を鋳出(または刻出)したり、天人像、仏像などの具象的な図柄を表す場合もある。
- 'Ike-no-ma' may be without any decorations, but in some cases, this is where an inscription is cast (or engraved) or images such as tennin or Buddha are placed.
- 懲戒委員会は、事案の審査を求められたときは、速やかに、審査の期日を定め、対象弁護士等にその旨を通知しなければならない。
- If a Disciplinary Actions Committee has been requested to conduct an examination, it shall promptly set the date of the examination and notify the Accused Attorney, etc. to such effect.
- インドでは、礼拝の対象を祀る仏塔と僧衆が居住する僧房とは、その発生起源を異にするが、後世になって僧院は仏塔を受容した。
- In India the origins of Buddhist stupa, to which the subject of worship is dedicated, differed from the priest's cell where monks dwelled, but in later years temples accepted stupas.
- 西ヶ谷恭弘は、吉野ヶ里遺跡などにあった楼観や戦国時代の井楼等の仮設の高層建築に城郭の象徴となる建物の起源を求めている。
- Yasuhiro NISHIGAYA regards the origins of the structure symbolic of a castle to be such temporary high-rise buildings as lookouts found in the Yoshinogari site and so on and watch towers and so on in the Sengoku period.
- 菩薩の乗る蓮華座は、真言系20臂像では4頭の白象によって支えられ、天台系2臂像では3つの頭を持つ1頭の象が支えている。
- The lotus pedestal on which Bosatsu is seated is supported by four white elephants in the Shingon sect Bosatsu image with 20 arms and it is supported by one elephant with three heads in the Tendai Sect Bosatsu image with two arms.
- また梅若は、現代の能においてはこれらの型が必要以上に重視され、一種の信仰の対象のようになっていることの弊害も指摘した。
- Moreover, UMEWAKA pointed out that, in modern Noh, these forms are unnecessarily valued too much to the harmful extent that it has become like the object of a kind of belief.
- 朱雀(すざく・しゅじゃく、ピンイン)とは、中華人民共和国の伝説上の神獣(神鳥)で、四神(四獣・四象)・五行思想の一つ。
- Suzaku (also known as Shujaku, or in Pinyin) is one of the legendary divine beasts (God Bird) of the People's Republic of China, and is one of the four gods (also known as the Four Beasts or the Four Phenomena) who rule over the four directions; it is also important in the Five Elements Theory.
- この革命の象徴となり、アジア初の本格的立憲君主となった明治天皇について、諸外国では日本以上に高く評価されることもある。
- Emperor Meiji, who became the symbol of this revolution and the constitutional monarch for the first time in Asia, is sometimes more valued in foreign countries than in Japan.
- 土佐藩では後藤象二郎が坂本龍馬の影響もあり、武力倒幕路線を回避するために大政奉還を山内容堂に進言し、周旋を試みていた。
- In the Tosa domain, Shojiro GOTO, influenced by Ryoma SAKAMOTO, was working on that task by recommending to Yodo YAMANOUCHI the effects of restoring power to the emperor as a way to avoid overthrowing the shogunate by military conflicts.
- 例えば、2007年(平成19年)3月14日に気象庁が発表した開花予想によれば、鹿児島市より東京都の方が先に咲くとされた。
- For example, according to the 'forecast of cherry blossom blooming dates' issued on March 14, 2007 by the Japan Meteorological Agency, cherry blossoms in Tokyo were expected to bloom earlier than those in Kagoshima City.
- 一方、欧米諸国では浮世絵は、印象派の巨匠たちに見出されて高く評価され、その作品に影響を与え、油絵による模写もされている。
- On the other hand, in Western countries Ukiyoe were found and highly appreciated by the great masters of the Impressionist school, whose works were influenced by Ukiyoe, and they were even reproduced in oil paintings.
- ただし、日本文化に特有の事象であるが、道具として極めてシンプルであるため、使う者の知恵・技術水準が実用レベルと直結する。
- However, as one typical aspect of Japanese culture, the level of knowledge and technique of users of Furoshiki is directly related to the utilization level due to its high simplicity as a device.
- また対となる陶器製の蓋は最初から製作されていなかったようであり、現在見るような象牙の蓋は日本人が付けたと考えられている。
- It seems that matching ceramic lids were not produced at first, and ivory lids as seen today are considered to have been created by Japanese.
- 全国清酒品評会は隔年の秋に、主にひやおろしを対象として昭和25年(1950年)まで開催されたが、やがて行われなくなった。
- The National Seishu Competition had been held mainly for hiyaoroshi (Autumn seasonal sake) of every other year until 1950, but was not held after that.
- 上記のように春の象徴・花の代名詞として和歌によく歌われるほか、俳句の世界でも、古くから春の季語として桜が用いられてきた。
- As mentioned above, it was often written in waka poems as a symbol of spring and pronoun for flower, and also in haiku world it has been used as a season word of spring from long ago.
- 孔雀は害虫やコブラなどの毒蛇を食べることから孔雀明王は「人々の災厄や苦痛を取り除く功徳」があるとされ信仰の対象となった。
- Because a peacock eats bugs and poisonous snakes like cobra, Kujaku Myoo was believed to do the 'pious act of removing plague or pain from people' and therefore became an object of faith.
- 登録対象は当初は建造物に限られていたが、2004年の文化財保護法改正により建造物以外の有形文化財も登録対象となっている。
- Although only buildings were registered initially, the amendment of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 2004 expanded the system to include tangible cultural properties other than architectural structures.
- 他の芸人も楽屋でよく心霊的な現象を体験したと語っているが、この土地は寺に囲まれており、かつて墓場であったといわれていた。
- Other entertainers often mentioned that they also experienced psychical phenomena in the dressing rooms, while the land in which the theater stood was surrounded by temples and was said to have been a cemetery before.
- ドイツのネオ・ゴシックを基調とする建築物で、「印象的な尖塔は同志社大学のシンボル的存在」と同志社大学関係者は考えている。
- It is a German neo-gothic style building, and people relating Doshisha University think that 'its impressive spire is something like a symbol of Doshisha University.'
- This building is based on the German neo-Gothic style, and its unique steeple is considered a symbol of Doshisha University.
- It is a German Neo-Gothic style building, and people in Doshisha University consider that 'the impressive steeple is a symbol of Doshisha University.'
- 天守には、通常の櫓としての防御性や耐火性、耐震性等の構造的な実用性のほかに象徴的な建物としての装飾性が必要となっていた。
- Tenshu needed to have not only structural practicality, including protective quality, fire resistance, and quake resistance as a usual Yagura, but also decorative quality as a symbolic structure.
- 敗戦後は戦中にピークに達した社会的重圧を「軍国的」「封建的」の概念で否定するようになり、家紋はその表象のひとつとされた。
- After defeat in World War II, social pressure, which peaked during the war, was denied as 'militaristic' and 'feudalistic,' and Kamon was seen as one of the fostering symbols.
- これらの表象はエジプトやメソポタミアにも波及、イスラエルの天使やギリシャのエロス、ニケといった有翼神像にも影響を与えた。
- These figures were spread in Egypt and Mesopotamia, and gave influenced the states of deities with wings such as an angel in Israel and Eros and Nike in Greece.
- 江戸時代中期以降は、女性の信仰の対象になることが多くなり、月待供養、念仏供養などの主尊として数多く造られるようになった。
- After the mid-Edo period, it has been often worshipped by women and produced as the main image for ceremonies such as a ceremony to wait for the rising moon and that of nenbutsu (Buddhist prayer).
- これに対し伊能忠敬は『仏国暦象編斥妄』で反論し、同じく大坂の武田真元も大坂訪問中の円通に論戦を挑んでこれを論破している。
- Tadataka INO offered a counterargument to him in 'Bukkoku Rekishohen Sekimo' (literally, 'to eliminate the wrong idea of Bukkoku Rekishohen') and Shingen TAKEDA in Osaka engaged in a battle of words with Entsu, who was visiting Osaka, and argued Entsu down.
- 建物内の杉戸の引手金具にはひょうたん、扇子などの具象的な形がデザインされ、桂離宮の御殿と共通したデザイン感覚が見られる。
- Concrete shapes such as gourds and fans are designed to sugido (sliding doors made of cedar) in the construction, and the common sense design can be seen with the goten (palace) of Katsura Rikyu.
- 令文には、寺田を6年1班の班田収授の対象から除外する、すなわち不輸租田(租税を免除した田地)とすることが規定されていた。
- In these regulations, it was stipulated that jiden fields were excluded from farmland for which allocation was made every six years, or were specified for Fuyusoden (the farmland for which tax was exempted).
- 個人を課税対象として把握する個別人身支配において、偽籍・逃亡が頻発すると課税対象である個人を把握することはできなくなる。
- Under the principle of people-based governance, the government imposes tax on individuals, but it becomes impossible to grasp the name of taxable people if the case of false registration and/or escape occurs frequently.
- 江戸時代は捕縛術としてそのような技術を中心に据えているような印象を与える流派も多く、かつそれは古流柔術全体の特徴でもある。
- Secondly, many schools in the Edo period seem to have centered on hobaku-jutsu, and this characteristic applies to the whole koryu jujutsu.
- 最初は余興的なものとして扱われていたが、やがて社寺の祭礼の中に、猿楽が重要な要素として組み込まれるような現象も起き始めた。
- Though such performances were at first seen merely as entertainment, Sarugaku was gradually incorporated into the rituals of shrines and temples.
- 成人式の参加対象となる成人は、前年の「成人の日」の翌日からその年の「成人の日」までに誕生日を迎える人を祝う日となっている。
- Adults subject to participation in the Seijin-shiki ceremony are those whose birthday range from the next day of the 'Coming-of-Age Day' in the previous year to the 'Coming-of-Age Day' of the year, and receive blessing on 'Coming-of-Age Day.'
- そうすると、失敗しても悪い印象を与えないで済むだけでなく、学ぶ意思を強調することで好意的に接してもらえる可能性も出てくる。
- Then, you will not give a negative impression even when you fail to follow these manners, and not only that, you may possibly be treated favorably if you emphasize your intention to study the manners.
- 江戸時代には風邪の流行時に風の神を象った藁人形を「送れ送れ」と囃しながら町送りにし、野外に捨てたり川へ流したりしたという。
- When a cold spread in the Edo period, people in turn passed a straw doll (in the shape of the wind god) through the town, saying, 'Pass it, pass it,' and in the end, the doll was abandoned outdoors or floated away on the river, they say.
- また、大名の支配の象徴として威容を見せつける必要が生じたため、険阻な山岳地でなく、目立つ場所に城が建てられるようになった。
- In addition, it became necessary to display castles as a symbol of a daimyo's power so they were constructed not on steep mountains but where they could be seen by all.
- 三昧耶曼荼羅(さまやまんだら、さんまや-) - 諸仏の姿を直接描く代わりに、各尊を表わす象徴物(シンボル)で表わしたもの。
- Samaya Mandala - the one that expresses various Buddha by means of the symbols that represent them, instead of painting them directly.
- 1. 息災法(そくさいほう)…災害のないことを祈るもので、旱魃、強風、洪水、地震、火事をはじめ、個人的な苦難、煩悩も対象。
- 1. The prayer for safety and good health: to pray to circumvent various calamities including drought, wind storms, floods, earthquakes, and fires; personal sufferings and the overcoming of earthly desires are also included in the prayer.
- 結果、供物する対象が死者(霊)にではなく、仏に向ける事となり、表書きを「御霊前」とはせずに、臨終の時より「御佛前」とする。
- In conclusion, the recipient of koden is not the deceased (spirit) but Buddha and therefore, 'gobutsuzen,' not 'goreizen,' is used from the day of one's death.
- 僧・尼及び国家より度牒を受けた沙弥・沙弥尼を対象とする法令である(仏教そのものを統制した法令ではないことに注意を要する)。
- It was a law applicable to priests and nuns as well as the shami (novice priests) and the shamini (novice nuns) who were officially certified by the state (Note that it did not govern Buddhism itself).
- 畠山氏は実権はないものの、秀吉との抗争に当たっては根来・雑賀衆に名目上の盟主として担がれており、上方勢の攻撃対象になった。
- The Hatakeyama clan did not have real power, but since it was held as a nominal head of the battle with Hideyoshi by Negoro and Saiga shu, it was attacked by the Kamigata army.
- 一方「謀叛」はいわゆる天皇に危害を加えるなどの大逆罪を含まない国家(政権)の転覆及び敵国への内通・亡命などが対象となった。
- On the other hand, '謀叛' was a crime of attempting to overthrow the government without damaging the emperor (without high treason crime), as well as betrayal or defection to foreign countries.
- この場合の家来には武士のみならず中間や下男下女などの武士以外の奉公人も含まれた(理論的には日雇いの奉公人も対象となった)。
- In this case, servants included not only warriors but also non-warrior servants such as Chugen, manservants, and maid servants (theoretically, servants included day workers).
- また無礼な行為とそれに対する切捨御免は連続している必要があり、以前行われた無礼を蒸し返しての切捨御免は処罰の対象となった。
- Kirisutegomen should be done immediately to an offensive act and Kirisutegomen to an offensive act that had been done before was punished.
- また、対象に深く突き刺さるわけではないため殺傷力が不十分なこともあり、刃に毒物を塗布することでその欠点を補完することがある。
- Additionally, since it does not pierce deep into the target, it is not effective enough in killing or wounding an enemy, but sometimes such weakness is offset by applying poison to the blade.
- 「矢」を象った(かたどった)星座の矢座(やざ)もあるが、これはヘラクレス座のヘラクレスが放ったヘラクレスの矢とする説もある。
- The Sagitta is a constellation which an 'arrow' and some people say that this is Hercules's arrow that he shot.
- 武士が好んだ細かな幾何学模様で簡素で粋な印象の江戸小紋とは違い、友禅模様を基本にした色鮮やかで伸びやかな印象が持ち味である。
- Unlike Edo-komon with a simple and stylish impression using fine geometrical patterns preferred by samurai, the feature of Kyo-komon is a colorful and free impression based on the yuzen patterns.
- また、特別賞となっている「京炎 そでふれ!賞」は、チームの半数以上のメンバーが四竹を持っていることを審査する対象としている。
- To qualify for the 'Kyoen Sodefure! Award', at least half the members of the group need to be playing the Yotsutake (a set of clappers made of bamboo).
- 西日本各地では、屋外で急な病気や発熱に遭うことを「風にあう」といい、風を自然現象ではなく霊的なものとする民間信仰がみられる。
- All over western Japan, meeting a sudden illness or fever outdoors is described as 'suffering from the wind,' and there exists the folklore that the wind is not a natural phenomenon but a spiritual one.
- この結果、落語家は「お笑い芸人」という抽象的名称の下に漫才師・漫談家・コント芸人と観客・視聴者レベルでボーダーレスとなった。
- As a result, rakugo storytellers were subsumed under the abstract name of 'owarai-geinin' (comedians) together with stand-up comedians, comic-chat artists, slapstick comedians so that the spectators and viewers could not distinguish one from the others.
- 文殊菩薩(もんじゅぼさつ)、サンスクリットマンジュシュリー (maJjuzrii)は、大乗仏教の崇拝の対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Monju Bosatsu, or maJjuzrii in Sanskrit, is one of the Bosatsus which is worshiped in Mahayana Buddhism.
- この「7つの俳諧」は、メシアンが1962年に来日し奈良をはじめとする日本各地を訪れた折の印象を作品としてまとめたものである。
- When MESSIAEN came to Japan in 1962, he visited various places in the country including Kyoto, and composed this 'Seven Haikai' by combining the impressions of those trips into one work.
- 各事業に係るツールの開発と制作、若年者を対象としたキャリアカウンセリングに係る企画、研究開発、その成果の普及活動を実施する。
- This program creates tools for other programs, makes plans for career counseling, carries out R&D, and disseminates products.
- 時代が安定してくると、帳台構えは本来の機能上の役割があいまいとなり、地位権力権威を象徴する、装飾形式として継承されていった。
- In periods of political stability, the original function of chodai-gamae became unclear and had been used as an ornamental form of room to symbolize status, power, and authority.
- 登録の対象は当初は建造物に限定されていたが、2004年(平成16年)の法改正でそれ以外の有形文化財にも適用範囲が拡大された。
- Initially, the scope of registration was limited to the buildings, but with the revision of the law in 2004 the coverage was expanded to other tangible cultural properties.
- そして発明家として著名な田中久重に依頼して視実等象論の宇宙を実体化した「視実等象儀」を制作させて自己の思想を広めようとした。
- Kaiseki asked Hisashige TANAKA, a famous inventor to create 'Shijitsu tosho gi' (a globe of shijitsu tosho), which materialized the Shijitsu tosho universe theory and tried to spread his theory.
- また異端とされる提婆達多派の仏教集団は釈迦を仏と認めず、それ以前に出現した賢劫の三仏を信仰の対象としていたことでも知られる。
- A group of Buddhists of the Devadatta school regarded as heretical had known that they had not recognized Shakyamuni as Buddha and, instead, worshipped Kengo no San-butsu (the last three Buddhas of one thousand Buddhas who appeared during the period before Shakya-muni's generation.)
- 天文道(てんもんどう)とは、天文現象の異常(天文異変/天変現象)を観測・記録し、その地上への影響について研究する古代の学問。
- Tenmondo (ancient horoscopy) is an ancient study involving the observation and recording of unusual astronomical phenomena (extraordinary astronomical events/extraordinary natural phenomena) and investigation of their effects on the Earth.
- 中村一氏が「これだけの兵力差があるのに攻撃を延期するのは他国への印象が悪い」と即時開戦を主張したため、直ちに戦端が開かれた。
- Since Kazuuji NAKAMURA insisted on attacking immediately because 'it gives a bad impression to other countries to postpone an attack in spite of such a big difference of military force,' they began to fight immediately.
- 石膏模型は、弾力性があり細部が再現できるなどの要件を満たす材料(印象材)で歯並びを再現した物に歯科用の石膏を流し込んでつくる。
- The plaster figure is fashioned by pouring dental plaster into a duplicate made of such materials (impression materials) and thereby provide elasticity sufficient to recreate the details of the patient's tooth alignment.
- 結納品の場合には寿留女の当て字を用い、同じく結納品である昆布(子生婦)とともに、女性の健康や子だくさんを願う象徴となっている。
- When used as one of betrothal gifts, the kanji characters phonetically expressing surume are used symbolizing, along with another betrothal gift konbu (kelp) (written in kanji characters representing a fertile woman), the wish for woman's good health and many children.
- 近年では、油彩画の影響を受け、絵具を厚く塗り重ねた表現や抽象的描画など、いわゆる伝統的な技法にとらわれない表現技法もみられる。
- In recent years, with the influence of oil painting, we have seen the development of abstract drawings or artworks using thickly daubed paint and other such methods of expression which are not bound by traditional techniques.
- 1865年フランスの画家ブラックモンが陶器の包み紙であった『北斎漫画』を友人らに見せて回ったことで印象派に大きな影響を与えた。
- In 1865, the French painter Bracquemond showed his friends 'Hokusai Manga,' which were on the wrapping papers of earthenware goods, and ultimately this had a great influence on the Impressionists.
- 駅構内で軽食を販売することは日本に限った現象ではないが、折詰などに一食分をまとめた「弁当」という様式は欧米ではあまり例がない。
- Although the scene selling a light meal within station precincts is not limited to Japan, 'a box lunch'-styled light meal, which is made by stuffing one meal into a box and so on, is rare in the western countries.
- 霊能力者によれば遊園地に残っているのは当時の入場客の「想い」であるといい、その「想い」が器物につき怪奇現象を起こすのだという。
- According to psychics, what remained at the amusement parks is the 'thought' of visitors at the time, and such 'thought,' when attached to the instruments, caused mysterious phenomena.
- また明治時代に新渡戸稲造が著した『武士道』では「武士道(シヴァリー)とは日本の象徴たる桜の花のようなもの」と冒頭に記している。
- Also in the Meiji period Inazo NITOBE wrote in the opening sentence of his book 'Bushido' that bushido (Chivalry) is like cherry blossoms which symbolize Japan.
- また、金象眼が出土したことから、銀装の金具が出土した高松塚古墳の埋葬者よりも身分や地位の低い人物が埋葬されていると推測される。
- Furthermore, since kinzogan (gold inlay) was excavated, it is presumed that the tomb owner was lower in the lineage and social position than that of Takamatsuzuka-kofun Tumulus was, where silver-plated metal fixtures were excavated.
- 現在では、後述する天守のない城の三階櫓やそれに準じる象徴的な櫓も天守に分類され、それらを総称して天守建築などということもある。
- Today, a three-story turret of a castle without a Tenshu as described later is also categorized as a Tenshu, as is a similar Yagura serving as a symbol; they are sometimes collectively called 'Tenshu structure.'
- すべての衆生は根源的な「悪人」であるがゆえに、阿弥陀仏の救済の対象は、「悪人」であり、その本願力によってのみ救済されるとする。
- Ordinary people are essentially 'evil,' and the object of the salvation of Amida Buddha is 'evil people,' so they will be saved by Amida Buddha's Primal Vow.
- 1665年(寛文5年)には日蓮宗のうち強硬派である不受不施派が禁制となったことにより、他宗派に改宗させる宗門改の対象となった。
- As the Fujufuse (Not Receive and Not Give (from and to people other than those belonging to the Nichiren Sect)) School, a fundamentalist faction of the Nichiren Sect, was banned in 1665, people affiliated with the faction became targets of shumon aratame, which aimed at converting heretics to other Buddhist sects.
- 「太田の決戦は、中世を象徴する宗教的な民衆武力と、兵農分離の近世秩序が、真正面から戦いあった日本史上のクライマックス」である。
- The battle of Ota was the climax of Japanese history in which the military force of religious common people which symbolized medieval times and the order of heinobunri in recent times confronted.'
- 演者やスタッフ・関係者にはウケるが、一般の観客・視聴者にとっては理解できない場合が多く、常連やマニアを対象にした手法とも言える。
- It is funny for entertainers, staff, and people in the business, but most of the time it is not understandable for ordinary audiences or viewers, so that it is considered targeting only regulars as well as enthusiasts.
- 素材は、珊瑚、翡翠、象牙、鼈甲(べっこう)、貝、水晶、金、銀、金属に七宝を施したもの、陶器、トンボ玉などで、工芸品が多用される。
- Craft products are used for materials such as coral, jade, ivory, tortoiseshell, shell, crystal, gold silver, metal with cloisonne, ceramic and 'tonbo dama' (glass beads).
- もちろんザビエルは、これを自文化における酒であるワインを基準として日本酒を評価しているわけだから、量や値段の印象などは興味深い。
- Of course, since Xavier evaluated sake from the standard of wine which was the liquor of his own culture, his impressions on its amount and price are interesting.
- 酒は、瓶に詰めて出荷された時点で課税対象になるので、その前段階すなわち桶売り・桶買いの時点では取引に関わる納税の義務が生じない。
- Since sake was taxed at the time of bottling and shipment, there was no obligation of tax payment for the trade at the former stage, that is, at the time of okeuri and okegai.
- その象徴的出来事は明治5年(1872年)の学制発布の際、時の政府が「和算を廃止し、洋算を専ら用ふるべし。」と決断したことである。
- A symbolic event of such a decline was when the government at that time issued the proclamation of education in 1872 and declared that 'wasan should be abolished and we should practice only yosan.'
- 表現対象としては、人物が大部分であるが、四天王寺所蔵のものには花鳥画が例外的に散見され、その伝統の上でも貴重な資料となっている。
- The majority of the paintings depict people, but those kept by Shitenno-ji Temple are unusual in that they are Kacho-ga (paintings of flowers and birds), providing valuable data.
- 火落ちという現象を起こす「火落ち菌」はコウジカビが生成するメバロン酸(通称「火落ち酸」)を主食とすることが今日ではわかっている。
- It is known today that 'hiochi bacteria' which cause the phenomenon called hiochi live on Mevalonic acid (MVA, also known as hiochi acid) created by Aspergillus oryzae.
- 地蔵菩薩 (じぞうぼさつ)、サンスクリットクシティ・ガルバ(d kSiti gharbha)は、仏教の信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Jizo Bosatsu (d kSiti gharbha in Sanskrit) is one of the venerable entities of Bosatsu, which is worshipped in Buddhism.
- この登録制度は指定制度を補完するものであるため、登録対象となる有形文化財は、国や地方公共団体の指定を受けていないものに限られる。
- Only tangible cultural properties that have not been designated by the nation or local public bodies can be registered, because this system is complementary to the designation system.
- 1996年の文化財保護法改正の時点では、登録の対象は当面建造物のみとされ、美術工芸品、歴史資料などは登録対象となっていなかった。
- The 1996 Amendment to the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties restricted the designation to only architectural structures, and excluding arts and crafts and historical written materials.
- あるいは非情・非論理的な暴力の象徴として、あるいは虐げられた異形の存在として、永井豪は鬼を作品の中心的存在として取り上げてきた。
- Go NAGAI has featured Oni for a key player of his works, as a symbol of cruel and illogical violence at times, and as an oppressed heteromorphic being at other times.
- また、従来法律による保護・指定の対象となっていなかった無形文化財の指定制度が盛り込まれるなど、当時としては画期的な法律であった。
- Moreover, because it included a designation system for intangible cultural properties (which had until then been outside the designation or protection), it was at the time an innovative law.
- 島津氏宗家相続の際、伊集院忠棟は義久の次女である新城の婿、島津彰久を推奨しており、忠恒にとって忠棟は憎悪の対象であったといえる。
- As the successor to the head of the Shimazu clan, Tadamune IJUIN recommended Yoshihisa's second daughter Shinjo's husband, Akihisa SHIMAZU; that might be another reason for Tadatsune to hate Tadamune.
- 昭和22年(1947年)11月、東京劇場で行われた東西俳優総出演による『仮名手本忠臣蔵』の通し興行は、その象徴的イベントと言える。
- The revival of Kabuki was symbolized by the event in November 1947 at Tokyo-gekijo Theater, that is, the presentation of a whole play of Kanadehon Chusingura, in which all major Kabuki actors in Japan appeared.
- さらに、付け加えられた映像バリエーションの質もこれに加わり当初の印象は質よりも楽曲の多様性と早期提供度合いにそのメリットがあった。
- Furthermore, with the poor variation of the added images, the initially impressed merit was the variety of songs and early supply of new songs rather than the quality.
- 重箱を使うものは大正時代に登場し、漆器を使うなど高級な印象を与えることを狙ったようで、現在でも鰻丼と比べると価格が高い傾向がある。
- The jubako box made its appearance during the Taisho period, and lacquer or other material was used in an effort to create the impression of luxury, so that even today unaju in a jubako box tends to be more expensive than unadon or unagi-donburi in a bowl.
- しかし、最近では前年の4月2日からその年の4月1日に成人する人を式典参加の対象にする、いわゆる学齢方式が定着するようになっている。
- However, the school age method has taken root recently, in which people whose birthdays range from April 2 of the previous year to April 1 of the year are subject to participation in the ceremony.
- 裸祭は禊(水行)の後、お堂の内外で神木、玉、等、その祭の象徴を奪い合う会陽を始めとして休耕となる真冬を中心に開催されるものが多い。
- The naked festival, which includes an event in which men who have performed misogi (a cold-water purification ceremony) fight over the symbol of the festival (such as a sacred tree or a ball) in or outside the main hall of the shrine, is often held around midwinter time when the farmland lies idle.
- 高村光太郎は『書の深淵』の中で、「わたくしはまだ、一行の平安朝仮字書きの美に匹敵する外国人の抽象的線美を見たことがない。(抜粋)」
- In 'Sho-no-Shinen' (The Chasm of Books), Kotaro TAKAMURA says, 'I have never seen beauty in the abstract lines of foreigners equal to the beauty in one line of Heian period kana-gaki.' (excerpt)
- 隨念とは、意識活動の停止が難しい場合に、何かの対象に意識を集中することによって、他のすべての意識活動を停止しようとする方法である。
- 隨念 is a way to stop all other conscious activity by concentrating on a specific subject when it is difficult to stop conscious activity.
- 五大菩薩(ごだいぼさつ)は、仏教の信仰・造像の対象である菩薩(真理を探求し、悟りを開くために修行中の者)の組み合わせの1つである。
- Godai Bosatsu are a kind of combination of Bosatsu (those who are engaged in ascetic training in pursuit of the truth and enlightment) that are objects of worship and construction of statues in Buddhist society.
- 高級な数珠用の素材としては、金線入り水晶(ルチルクォーツ)、本翡翠(ビルマ翡翠)、象牙、ラピスラズリ、天竺菩提樹などが用いられる。
- As materials for high grade juzu, crystal with gold line (rutile quartz), feicui (Burma feicui), ivory, lapis lazuli and Bo tree, and so on, are used.
- 元来、礼拝のための偶像である仏像を扉を閉じた厨子等に納め「秘仏」とすることは、東アジアの仏教圏の中でも特に日本に顕著な現象である。
- The practice of retaining Buddhist images, which were intended as idols for worship, in zushi with the doors closed is quite unique in Japan even among East Asian countries where Buddhism has prevailed.
- しかしながら、昭和29年(1954年)の毎日書道展で、「墨象芸術」の名が与えられ、美術評論界などでは「抽象書道」などとも呼ばれた。
- However, in the Mainichi shodo-ten (a calligraphic exhibition named Mainichi (literally, everyday), the name of 'bokusho-geijutsu' (literally, ink-based art) held in 1954 was given to such calligraphy, and in the art-reviewing society, it is also called 'chusho-shodo' (abstract calligraphy).
- 釜山鎮の戦い(鄭撥戦死)、東莱城の戦い(宋象賢戦死)、尚州の戦い(李鎰敗走)、弾琴台の戦い(申砬戦死)などで日本軍は勝利を重ねた。
- The Japanese army won victory after victory in the Battle of Busanjin (Chonparu died in the war), the Battle of Tonne castle (Son Sanhyon died in the war), the Battle of Sangju (Yi Iru took to flight), the Battle of Tangumdae (Shin Ritsu died in the war) and so on.
- その噴火・発光、湯だまりの変異等の自然現象が起きる度に、神霊現象として中央へ報告され、神階が上昇し、封戸が与えられるなどしていた。
- Each time a natural phenomenon such as eruption, light emission, or changes in the crater lake occurred, it was reported to the central government as a phenomenon caused by a Shinto god, resulting in a raise of shinkai (a rank granted to Shinto gods) and granting of fuko (residential units (ko) assigned as prebends (fu) to support top-ranking officials, temples, shrines, and royal households such as those of the queen-consort and crown prince).
- 更に、首都圏の113家庭を対象とした調査では、2004年頃から正月だからといって殊更御節料理にとらわれない人も現れているようである。
- Additionally, according to a survey conducted on 113 households in the metropolitan area, it seems that, starting around 2004, there have been people who don't eat osechi dishes during the New Year's holidays.
- しかし、様々な神や伝承や怪談や宗教や価値観と結びつき、派生し生まれた結果、詳細の解らない現象を、具体的な形を持ったものの仕業とした。
- However, as a result of becoming associated with various gods, folklores, ghost stories and religious values, and being generated and created, phenomena whose details were unknown were considered to have been caused by something that had a specific shape.
- 次に、具象的な図柄では盾・靱(ゆぎ)・甲冑・刀・船などの武器・武具・その他の器物や人物・馬・鳥・蟾蜍(ひきがえる)・朱雀などである。
- Next, concrete designs are the weapon and panoply such as shields, ligaments, armors, swords, ships and so on, the other properties, people, horses, birds, hikigaeru (frog), and Suzaku (red Chinese phoenix).
- ただし、犬山城や松本城のように、建造物が売却、取壊しの対象になったが、それぞれの理由により現存し、国宝、史跡になっているものもある。
- However, some castles, such as Inuyama-jo Castle and Matsumoto-jo Castle, after their buildings were specified to be sold and/or demolished, have been preserved for various reasons and designated as National Treasures and historic sites.
- 更に平安時代中期以後、仏教関連の専門の工匠も僧籍に入る習慣が生まれ、宮廷あるいは一般を対象とした工匠との区別が図られるようになった。
- Furthermore, after the mid Heian period, it became common practice that artisans specialized in Buddhist subjects were ordained as monks and entered on the register of a Buddhist sect; they were thus distinguished from general artisans or those working for the Imperial court.
- いずれの出身地にかかわりなく独特の京ことば(祇園ことば)を使うよう教育されるために、京都の象徴であるがごとくあつかわれることも多い。
- She is trained to use the Kyoto dialect without regard to her origin, and consequently, Maiko is often treated as if she is a symbol of Kyoto.
- 印相(いんそう、いんぞう)は、ヒンドゥー教および仏教の用語で、両手で示すジェスチャーによって、ある意味を象徴的に表現するものである。
- Inso is a Buddhist and Hinduism term which refers to the gesture of the hands having a certain symbolic meaning.
- それまでの加持祈祷や学問中心の仏教から、内面的な深まりを持ちながら、庶民など広い階層を対象とする新しい仏教への変化が胎動していった。
- The Buddhism focusing on incantation and prayer, and study was beginning to change into a new Buddhism focusing on internal maturity for broad range of people including common people.
- 主にソメイヨシノを観測対象としている(北海道地方の北部及び東部は、エゾヤマザクラまたはチシマザクラ、沖縄・奄美地方は、カンヒザクラ)。
- Someiyoshino is the main monitoring subject (whereas, Sargent or Chishima cherry in the northern and eastern Hokkaido, Kanhizakura in the Okinawa and Amami regions).
- 個々の項目の具体例を挙げると、近江八景の「石山の秋月」のように「石山」(対象となる地)と「秋月」(その地で見られる事象)のようになる。
- To give a concrete example of a component of Eight Views, the Eight Views of Omi has 'Autumn Moon at Ishiyama' (written as 石山秋月), which consists of 'Ishiyama (石山)' (the site of the scene) and 'Fall Moon (秋月)' (a phenomenon at the site).
- ほおずきは漢字で「鬼灯」と書き、先祖の霊(「鬼」の字義のひとつ)が迷わず帰ってこられるように導く灯りの象徴として、精霊棚に供えられる。
- As hozuki is written '鬼灯' (ogre's light) in kanji characters, it is offered on the Shoryodana (shelf placed ancestral tablet and altarage in the Obon festival) as a symbol of lights leading ancestors' souls (one of the meaning of '鬼' [ogre]) safely back to their home.
- しかし、昨今は色のついた酒でも全国新酒鑑評会で減点対象にはならなくなり、濾過の意味が根底から変わってきたので、つとに減少の傾向にある。
- These days, however, tinted sake is not necessarily less appreciated at a national tasting-party for new sake, and the number of sumi-ya workers has long since decreased as the value of filtration has been radically changed.
- そのため必然的に、日本から輸出される対象となるのが、吟醸酒に代表されるような日本の水や技術でしか作れない高級酒となっているわけである。
- Therefore, inevitably, the high grade sake such as ginjoshu which can be brewed only by water and techniques of Japan is exported from Japan.
- 例年、気象庁は、「さくらの開花予想日」と、開花予想日を線で結んだ図を発表して春の到来を知らせる(この図は一般に「桜前線」と呼ばれる)。
- Annually the Meteorological Agency announces the coming of spring by 'the flowering dates of cherry blossoms' which are generally connected with line in a map called 'Sakura Zensen' (cherry blossom front).
- 1966年(昭和41年)、日本画家堂本印象が自らの作品を展示するために設立した美術館で、その斬新な外観は堂本印象自らのデザインによる。
- In 1966, Insho DOMOTO, a Nihonga (Japanese-style painting) painter, founded the museum to exhibit his works, and he also designed its unconventional exterior.
- また、孔子を祀る廟や関羽を祀る廟が各地に多数存在するように、祖先の霊だけではなく、民衆が敬愛する対象の廟を建立して祭っている事もある。
- Also, there are cases where mausoleums were erected not only to perform memorial rites in honor of ancestors but also to the spirit of someone people admired, as seen in numerous mausoleums sacred to the memory of Confucius or Guan Yu around the country.
- これら一連の文化財は「宮内庁による十分な「管理」が行われている」との宮内庁見解にもとづき、文化財保護法による指定の対象外となっている。
- These properties are not included among the objects to be protected by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, since the Imperial Household Agency asserts that it fully administers the properties.
- この金銅製の鞍は、鞍の形が鮮卑式であり、パルメット(仏教式唐草模様)、鳳凰、龍、鬼面、怪魚、象、獅子、兎などのモチーフが使われている。
- This gilt bronze saddle is in Senbi style with patterns of palmette (Buddhist-style arabesque design), phoenixes, dragons, devil masks, strange fish, elephants, lions, and rabbits.
- 奈良時代より、高い山や、美しい山は霊山として山岳信仰の対象とされ、山地に於いて修行する者も現れ、それらは後に修験道へと発展していった。
- Since the Nara period, high or beautiful mountains in Japan have been the object of a mountain religion, so some people began to implement their ascetic deeds on mountains; subsequently, these deeds developed into shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism and shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts).
- 当初は朝鮮は戦後には支配下に繰り入れられるべき領土であり、日本の国内戦同様に非戦闘員である民衆は保護の対象であり殺戮は禁止されていた。
- At the beginning, it was understood that Korea was a territory that should be included in the territories under control of Japan and, same as a war in Japan, common people who were noncombatants should be the object of protection and it was prohibited to kill them.
- 奈良時代と平安時代初めに、謀反を起こした(とされた)人はほとんど死刑になったが、その対象者と縁座の範囲・量刑は政治的判断で左右された。
- From the Nara Period through the early Heian Period, most people charged with muhon were executed, but the extent of the prosecution and accompanying enza, or the severity of the punishment, were affected by political decisions.
- この部分が、英雄の楠木正成(楠公)が湊川の戦いで討死したことと、権助の死を同じく無益な死と論じたものと解釈されて、批判の対象となった。
- This part could easily be attributed to a national hero Masashige KUSUNOKI, who died in the battle of Minatogawa, and was criticized by an interpretation that Fukuzawa identified Kusunoki's death as useless as an ordinary man's death.
- 当初は畿内を中心にした概念と考えられていたが、後に九州の事例を研究した工藤敬一らによって日本全国的な事象として考えられるようになった。
- Initially Zoyakumen kei shoen were regarded as the cases that were seen mainly in kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara), but thanks to Keiichi KUDO's research on the cases in Kyushu, it is now believed that such cases were seen across the nation.
- ただし、奢侈禁止令と言ってもその内容や対象は様々であり、全国・全身分に適用する場合もあれば、特定の地域や身分を対象にしたものもあった。
- Meanwhile, details and objects varied according to the law: Some were applied to every person across the country regardless of their status, whereas others were aimed only at certain areas or social classes.
- 中国貴族社会では権威の象徴あるいは威儀具、日本では古墳壁画の図文から、主に古墳祭祀にかかわる威儀行列の道具として用いられたとされている。
- However, it is believed that Sashiba was regarded as a symbol of power or used for showing person's dignity in Chinese aristocratic society, while it was used as a tool for showing the dignified appearance in the ritual ceremony at tumulus in Japan, according to the picture and sentences left on the wall paintings.
- 盛平は弟子達に合気道の理念、理合を説明する際、神道の用語を借りる場合が多く、神秘的・抽象的な表現であったため後代様々な解釈を生みだした。
- Morihei often borrowed terms from Shinto when describing the principles and rationale of Aikido to his disciples, and because this was a mystic and abstract expression it led to various interpretations in later years.
- 筒の部分を持ち、毛の部分に墨や顔料をつけ、書く対象にその毛をなすり付けることにより、文字を書いたり、絵を描いたり、化粧を行ったりできる。
- The brush is used to write letters, draw pictures or apply makeup; one holds the stem, dipping the brush into Chinese ink or pigments, and rub the brush against the item the ink is to be applied to.
- 日本の古神道においては、古来より森羅万象に八百万(やおよろず)の神が宿るとするアニミズム的な世界観(八百万の神・汎神論)が定着していた。
- A world view that yaoyorozu no kami (eight million deities) reside in shinrabansho (all things in nature, the whole of creation), a kind of animism, took root in Japan's ancient Shinto.
- 原始宗教やシャーマニズム・アニミズムなどと呼ばれ、その信仰の対象は森羅万象に及ぶため、その行為でもある祭りを定義付けることは困難である。
- Since it was called a primitive religion, shamanism, animism and so on, and the target of its belief extended to shinrabansho (all things in nature), it is difficult to define matsuri which is also the action.
- 無常(むじょう、サンスクリットanitya)は、この現象世界のすべてのものは消滅して、とどまることなく常に変移しているということを指す。
- Mujo (anitya in Sanskrit) points out that all beings in the present world disintegrate and are in constant transition without being stationary.
- 裸祭に神木の取り合い等の闘争が多いのも、闘争能力の高さが男性の強さや生殖能力を象徴し、農家でより強い働き手であることを示すものでもある。
- The naked festival often involves battles such as a battle over a sacred tree and so on, because the ability to win in such a battle symbolizes the strength and the reproductive capability and such ability suggests that the man can make a better worker in a farmer's family.
- また、描かれる人物は、老若男女や貴賤を問わず、多種多様な職業の人びとを対象としており、その点でも歴史資料としてきわめて貴重なものである。
- In addition, men and women of all ages, ranks and vocations are depicted, and so the paintings also provide valuable historical data in that sense.
- 簪という漢字の中にある牙に似たような字は、正しくは旡(サン)という字で、これは髪の毛の中にもぐりこむかんざしの形を描いた象形文字である。
- The character resembling 牙 that is included in the Chinese character 簪 is 旡 (san) to be precise and it is a hieroglyph representing kanzashi inserted into hair.
- 心で仏を想い、口に真言を唱え、手で印を結ぶ三密加持を行じ、みずからこの非歴史的存在を象徴することで成道できるとする「即身成仏」を唱えた。
- They preached 'Sokushin Jobutsu' (Attaining Buddhahood with the Present Body), saying that one can complete the path to Buddhahood by performing Sanmitsukaji (three mystic practices) to symbolize this non-historical existence: thinking of Buddha in your heart, chanting mantra, and making symbolic signs (gestures) with the fingers.
- 林業におけるスギ伐採量の見通しや地球温暖化など気象の影響を考慮すると、ゆるやかではあるが今後も花粉の飛散量は増え続けると考えられている。
- It would be expected that prevalence and severity will decrease when one considers the projected number of Japanese cedar trees that will be felled by the forestry industry and meteorological effects such as global warming, but it is believed that the airborne pollen levels will actually continue to rise.
- たい焼き=温かい食べ物という印象が強いが、秋田市の「大塚や」では焼いた後冷やしてから中身を詰める「冷やしたい焼き」なる商品を販売している。
- Most people think of taiyaki as a hot food, but 'Otsukaya' in Akita City sells 'cold taiyaki' which is made by cooling down hot taiyaki and then filling it.
- 事象・事物の内容は瀟湘八景をそのまま踏襲し、下記の8つとする場合(例:近江八景)や、一部を同じものにする場合(例:最初の台湾八景)がある。
- In some cases (e.g. the Eight Views of Omi) the contents of phenomena and objects for Eight Views completely follow the Eight Views of Xiaoxiang and are fixed on the following eight, and in other cases (e.g. the earliest Eight Views of Taiwan) only a part of the contents is the same as the Eight Views of Xiaoxiang.
- 普賢菩薩(ふげんぼさつ)、サンスクリットサマンタ・バドラ (samanta bhadra)は、大乗仏教における崇拝の対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Fugen Bosatsu, samanta bhadra in Sanskrit, is a venerable Bosatsu entity and is Bodhisattva, which is worshipped in Mahayana Buddhism.
- 十一面観音(じゅういちめんかんのん)、サンスクリットエーカダシャ・ムカ (ekadaza mukha)は、仏教の信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Juichimen Kannon (ekadaza mukha in Sanskrit) is one of the venerable entities of Bosatsu, which is worshipped in Buddhism.
- 後期の僧院では、礼拝の対象(塔または仏像)を安置した祠堂(しどう)の他に、中央の中庭を囲んで房室を持つ方形の精舎(しょうじゃ)が流行した。
- In later years it became popular for monasteries to have a square-shape vihara with a courtyard in the center, surrounded by a loculus, in addition to a shido (a hall dedicated to the souls of ancestors) in which the subject of worship (a stupa or Buddhist statue) was placed.
- 時代的には、1867年(慶応3年)の京都町奉行所廃止から、1947年(昭和22年)の地方自治法施行までのものが文化財指定対象となっている。
- Period of the documents designated as Cultural Properties: From 1867 when Kyoto Machibugyo (Kyoto City Magistrate) was abolished to 1947 when the Local Autonomy Law was put into effect.
- 一方、軍事的必要性、及び戦国大名の一円支配強化から望楼を起源とする「天守」(天守閣)が現れ、城郭建築の象徴として一世を風靡することとなる。
- On the other hand, due to military necessity and also for the necessity of warring loads strengthening the control of their territories, 'tenshu' (also tenshukaku: castle turret) was designed based on boroes, with many such turrets built as a symbol of castle buildings.
- 日本武尊が熊襲征伐において女装を行い、神功皇后が三韓征伐の際に男装を行ったという説話も彼らが巫として神を憑依させた事の象徴であったという。
- When YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto conquered Kumaso (a tribe living in the ancient Kyushu district), he dressed himself as a woman, and when Empress Jingu conquered sankan (three countries in old Korea), she dressed herself as a man, that symbolized the moment when they are possessed by god.
- 仏罰とは第3者が現実的に科すものではなく、誹謗正法つまり謗法(ぼうほう)を犯したことで三証として実生活に顕れる事象を指して言うものである。
- Butsubachi does not mean punishment given by another person in reality, but the event which is revealed in one's real life as objective evidence caused by the violation of Slander of the True Dharma, that is, Hobo.
- 儒学のモデルであり、当時の憧れの対象であった中国では明が滅び、清に支配されて「畜類の国」となれば、もはや規範とすべき国とはいえなくなった。
- In China, the model for Confucianism and the object of admiration, the Ming dynasty went to ruin and the country came to be controlled by the Ching dynasty; China was said to have been reduced to 'a country of beasts' and no longer acted as a standard to emulate.
- 聖徳太子の冠位十二階でも朝廷に出仕する者の服装規定が定められ、以後も度々奢侈禁止令が出されたが、当初はその対象は主に貴族・官人層であった。
- Under the Kani junikai (12 grades of cap rank) of Prince Shotoku, a dress code for those who attended the Imperial Court was established, and this was followed by frequent sumptuary laws which were, at first, mainly aimed at nobles and government officials (especially those of low to medium rank).
- 従前、解由状を必要とするのは国司だけだったが、内官(京都の各官職)も交替の際には解由状の発給が必要となり、勘解由使の監査対象に加えられた。
- Although formerly a geyujo was necessitated for kokushi alone, naikan (government officials in Kyoto) as well became necessary to have a geyujo issued when they left their positions, and became audited by kageyushi as well.
- 国土の大半が温暖湿潤な気候帯に属し、春夏秋冬がはっきりと推移するこの国においては、この気象条件から、稲作による定住生活が生活の基盤となった。
- In this country of which most belongs to a mild and humid climate zone, and where changes of the seasons are clear, a life by settlement based on rice cropping became a foundation of life due to these climate conditions.
- 如意宝珠とは全ての願いを叶えるものであり、法輪は元来古代インドの武器であったチャクラムが転じて、煩悩を破壊する仏法の象徴となったものである。
- Nyoi hoju fulfills all hopes and Horin is a Buddhist symbol to destroy Bonno (earthly desires), and which was transformed from Chakuram, a weapon in ancient India originally.
- 要塞は、防御に有利な地形に築くことが望ましく、険しい山はその条件を満たすが、反面住むには不便で、守るべき対象である人の居住地から離れている。
- Although steep mountains are desirable to construct fortifications that are expected to be built on places effective for defence, they are difficult to live; thus, fortifications were established distant from the settlements that they served to defend.
- 英語で用いられる象徴()は抽象な図案を指し、紋章()は視覚な図案を指すが、日本の家紋は「兜飾り」の意味から、 といった英語で表現されている。
- While the term 'symbol' in English means an abstract design and 'emblem' means visual design, 'Kamon' in Japan is expressed as ' ' in English in the sense of 'Kabutokazari (兜飾り).'
- また、最後の部分に真言がされている事に着目し、『般若心経』を読誦するのではなく、観誦(真言念誦による瞑想)の対象とし、その実践を勧めている。
- It also pays attention to Shingon granted to the last part and recommends that you should not read 'Hannya Shingyo' but make it the object for kansho (meditation based on Shingon nenju) and practice it.
- この時代、原則的には中央の教育機関であった大学寮は主に貴族の、地方の教育機関であった国学 (律令制の教育機関)は郡司の子弟を対象としていた。
- A principle in this period was that Daigaku-ryo (the Bureau of Education under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the Ritsuryo code)--an educational institution of the central government--targeted nobility, while Kokugaku (provincial schools) (educational institution under the Ritsuryo system), as local educational institutions, targeted younger people of gunji (district managers).
- そして将軍が執事(管領)や引付頭人(内談頭人)に命じて勅裁内容を伝えるべき対象である武士に対して施行状に相当する奉書を発給した(武家執行)。
- Also, the Shogun ordered the steward (kanrei) and hikiuke tonin (chairman of the court justice) to issue a hosho (a document for informing lower-ranking people of the decision of higher-ranking people such as an emperor or shogun), which was equivalent to a shigyojo, to the samurai to whom the content of chokusai was supposed to be conveyed (buke shigyo).
- 後に斉の陰陽家鄒衍により5つの惑星と、さらにその後様々な事象と結び付けられ、陰陽思想と五行説が統合されて観念的な陰陽五行思想として完成する。
- Later, Suen, an Inyoka (a practitioner of the Yin and Yang school of philosophy) from Sei (State of Qi in ancient China), completed the Inyo Gogyo Shiso by combining Yin-yang ideology and Gogyo Setsu (the Five Elements Theory), making a connection between Gogyo, the five planets and various phenomena.
- 9世紀後期~10世紀にかけて、政府は従前から実施してきた人別支配を改め、収取の対象となる土地そのものに対する支配・収取体制を確立していった。
- From the late 9th to 10th century, the government gradually replaced the traditional system of direct rule over individual farmers with a system of rule and taxation of land, which became the source of taxation.
- 吟醸、大吟醸となると、削りこむ部分が大きいだけでなく、そのぶん対象物が小さくなって神経も使うので、精米に要する時間は丸二日を超えることもある。
- With respect to ginjo and daiginjo, the problem is that not only the portion to be scraped off is large, but also the object becomes smaller and requires special attention, the time needed for rice polishing sometimes exceeds two full days.
- 武智鉄二による『武智歌舞伎』が始まり、関西歌舞伎の若手役者を対象に、原作重視の演出中心のやり方で、沈滞化していた関西歌舞伎に新風を送り込んだ。
- 'Takechi Kabuki' was started by Tetsuji TAKECHI, who ushered in a new phase in Kansai Kabuki, which had stagnated, through his method of working with young Kansai Kabuki actors and concentrating on staging that emphasized the original work.
- 働事(はたらき-ごと)は、能において、演者の所作と、能囃子によって構成される部分のうち、その所作が一定の表意的・具象的な要素を持つものを指す。
- Hataraki-goto refers to shosa (conduct) that has certain ideographical and representational elements in the parts that consist of performers' shosa and Noh-hayashi (percussion ensemble) in Noh plays.
- しみ、あざ、傷あと、等を目立たなくするためにファンデーションでカバーするカモフラージュメイクがあるが、そのために厚化粧の印象になる場合が多い。
- In order to conceal things like stains, bruises and scars, camouflage makeup is used to cover them with foundation, but this often leads to the impression of atsugesho.
- 個々の「仏」の像を絵画で表わしたもののほか、1つの仏を1文字の梵字(サンスクリットを表記するための文字のひとつ)で象徴的に表わしたものもある。
- Other than the ones which depict the individual image of Buddha in paintings, some depict one Buddha symbolically by one Sanskrit character (a kind of letter which was used for writing Sanskrit).
- 日本刀を鑑賞するときには、特にこの刀身に注目することが多く、刀を打つときにできた刃の様子を、刃紋、沸(にえ)、肌などと呼んで鑑賞の対象とする。
- When appreciating Japanese swords, the body of blade is especially paid attention to in most cases, and the appearance of the blade created when forging the sword is regarded as an object of art and named Hamon, Nie or Hada which is a pattern on the blade.
- この密教は、様々な土地の習俗や宗教を包含しながら、それらを仏を中心とした世界観の中に統一し、すべてを高度に象徴化して独自の修行体系を完成する。
- This esoteric Buddhism embraced the folkways and religions of various areas, integrated them into a Buddha-centric worldview, and highly symbolized everything to establish a unique system of ascetic practices.
- 馬頭観音(ばとうかんのん / めづかんのん)、サンスクリットハヤグリーヴァ (hayagriiva)は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Bato Kannon (horse-headed Kannon, also called Mezu Kannon), hayagriiva in Sanskrit, is one shape of Bosatsu (Bodhisattva) worshipped in Buddhism.
- 並び称せられた「堺」の銃は、豪華な装飾金具や象嵌が施された「見た目の付加価値」であるのに対し、国友の製品は「機能美的」に洗練された秀作が多い。
- Whereas guns made in Sakai City, which was also well known for the manufacture of firearms, were famous mainly for their artistic value, such as elaborate metal works and beautiful inlays, many of the firearms manufactured in Kunitomo were excellent works of functional beauty.
- しかしこれも身分表象としての二本差し帯刀の規制による象徴的なものに留まり(脇差参照)、農村に蓄えられた膨大な武器を消滅させるには至らなかった。
- This was no more than a symbolic policy of control over wearing two swords which represents the status (see wakizashi), and fell short of eradicating the great deal of weapons stored in the rural villages.
- これは、徳川統治下の太平の世においては、城郭というものがすでに軍事施設としての役目を終えて、その存在理由が、権勢の象徴物へと変じたためである。
- This is because in peace time under the reign of the Tokugawa government castles finished their original purpose as military facility and its reason for existence changed to the symbol of the power.
- その対象地は国家への雑役を免除されたことから雑役免の扱いを受けるようになり、代わりに寺社へ雑役を納める「雑役免田」(負田・負名とも)となった。
- The object lands under the above system were granted Zoyakumen and became 'Zoyakumenden' (land exempted from zatsueki) (also called Fuden or Fumyo), obliged to provide zatsueki to temples/shrines instead of the nation.
- 当初、朝廷や幕府は祠堂銭を禁止する姿勢を取ったが、後には仏教保護の一環として反対に祠堂銭を徳政令の対象外とするなど、容認・保護の姿勢に転じた。
- The Imperial Court and the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) banned Shidosen at first, but later on accepted it, protecting Buddhism by exempting shidosen from Tokuseirei (ordering a return of sold land and a dissolution of debts).
- 詩吟が、その吟詠(吟ずること)の対象とするのは、その歴史的経緯(下記参照)から主として漢詩であるが、和歌や俳句、新体詩を吟ずることも少なくない。
- Because of the historical reason (see below) the object on which shigin recites is chiefly Chinese poetry, but waka, haiku and new-style poetry are often recited.
- 戦後は自転車やオートバイを利用することも多く、高く積み重ねた蒸籠を曲芸さながら肩に担いで片手でハンドルを握る姿は、いっとき蕎麦屋の象徴であった。
- After the war, bicycles and motorcycles began to be commonly used with the delivery man balancing a tall stack of numerous seiro on a shoulder with one hand while holding the handlebar with the other which was the symbolic sight of soba restaurant business at one time.
- 逆に京都酒の樽にわざわざ伊丹酒の銘を焼印し、あたかも他所酒であるかのように偽装表示して京都で高く売るといった逆転現象も江戸時代後期には起こった。
- In the late Edo period, a reversal phenomenon, which was intentionally branded a barrel of Kyoto sake as Itami sake and sold as yosozake in Kyoto at the higher prices disguisedly, occurred.
- 舞事(まい-ごと)とは、能において、主として一曲の能や狂言の後半部分に能シテ、能シテ、能ワキが能囃子のみによって演じる抽象的な所作(舞)をいう。
- Mai-goto means abstract acts (mai) that, in Noh, the shite (an actor playing the leading part), tsure (a supporting actor) and waki (the partner of a shite) perform accompanied solely by the hayashi (music played in the background), mostly in the latter half of a Noh or a Kyogen (a farce played during a Noh cycle) play.
- しかし、戦後になると文化勲章受章者の堂本印象や上村松篁、それ以外にも中村大三郎、宇田荻邨らが活躍し、またその弟子たちが現在活躍するに至っている。
- But after the war, Insho DOMOTO and Shoko Uemura who both won Order of Culture and others like Daizaburo NAKAMURA and Tekison UDA played active roles, and their pupils are active now.
- 五大明王(ごだいみょうおう)は、仏教における信仰対象であり、密教特有の尊格である明王のうち、中心的役割を担う5名の明王を組み合わせたものである。
- Godai Myoo (the five great Myoo) is a subject of faith in Buddhism and a combination of the five Myoo, which play a central role among Myoo, an honorific entity, which is specific to Mikkyo Esoteric Buddhism.
- 懲戒委員会は、審査に関し必要があるときは、対象弁護士等、懲戒請求者、関係人及び官公署その他に対して陳述、説明又は資料の提出を求めることができる。
- If necessary for the examination, the Disciplinary Actions Committee may request the Accused Attorney, etc., the Discipline Requesting Party, concerned parties or public agencies to make statements or submit explanations or information.
- また、美的な意味において日本の家紋は象徴的なデフォルメとシンプルな構造から、海外でもよく知られており、家紋を利用したデザインもしばしば見られる。
- Moreover, from an aesthetic aspect, Japanese Kamon are well known abroad because of the symbolic design and simple structure, and is often used in various designs.
- 親王家も使用規制の対象になり、八幡や泉涌寺といった皇室ゆかりの神社や仏閣に対しても規制が行われ、徐々に皇室の菊紋の権威は復活していくことになる。
- Shinno-ke was also forbidden to use Kiku-mon and the related shrines and temples such as Hachiman Shrine and Senyu-ji Temple were also forbidden, so the authority of Kiku-mon of imperial family was gradually revived.
- そのため一字金輪曼荼羅では、転輪聖王が従えるという七つの宝(金輪、如意宝珠、女宝、馬宝、象宝、主蔵宝、主兵神宝)が、一字金輪仏頂と共に描かれる。
- Accordingly, in the mandalas that represent Ichiji Kinrin Buccho, seven treasures (a golden wheel, a Buddhist rosary, a queen, a horse, an elephant, a god of wealth and a god of war) that are believed to be possessed by the four sacred kings are depicted together with the deity.
- 不空成就如来(ふくうじょうじゅにょらい)、サンスクリットアモーガシッデイ (amoghasiddhi)は、仏教における信仰対象である如来の一尊。
- Fukujoju Nyorai (Amoghasiddh) is one of the Five Wisdom Buddhas worshipped in Buddhism.
- 阿弥陀如来を、現実の外界に実在するものとして想定し、これに「頼る」あるいは「すがる」ことを「信」であると定義し、対象をとる二元的な「信」を説く。
- In this school, Amida Nyorai is assumed as actually existing in the real outside world, and 'faith' is defined as 'depending on' or 'relying on' Amida Nyorai; here, 'faith' has a target and is two-dimensional.
- 1180年には平重衡による南都焼き討ちで奈良(南都)の2大仏教勢力であった東大寺と興福寺が炎上したが、このことは美術史上、象徴的な事件であった。
- In A.D. 1180, Todai-ji Temple and Kofuku-ji Temple (the two Buddhist powerhouses in Nanto (the southern capital, which refers to Nara)), were burned down in Nanto Yakiuchi (Burning of Nanto) by TAIRA no Shigehira, and this was a symbolic incident in Japanese art history.
- 吉田松陰、高杉晋作、西郷隆盛、河井継之助、佐久間象山が歴史上おり、革命運動(大塩平八郎 --大塩平八郎の乱)に呈する者が多かったのは事実である。
- Historical figures were Shoin YOSHIDA, Shinsaku TAKASUGI, Takamori SAIGO, Tsugunosuke KAWAI, and Shozan SAKUMA; most of them in fact aligned themselves with the revolutionary movement (such as Heihachiro OSHIO's rebellion).
- ただ奈良時代における隼人はあくまで朝貢の対象であり、大隅・薩摩国の両国に班田が行われるのは、平安時代に入った800年(延暦19年)のことである。
- However, in the Nara period the Hayato people were merely subject to paying tribute and it was not until 800, after the start of the Heian period, that Handensei (state controlled land allotment) was applied to Osumi and Satsuma Provinces
- 逆に守護大名の段階において領国の一円支配を一応は完成させていた武田氏や今川氏、新興の外来勢力である後北条氏・里見氏には見られない現象でもあった。
- By contrast, this phenomenon was not seen in the Takeda and Imagawa clans, which had achieved ichien shihai (integrated rule over whole territory) when they were still in the stage of Shugo daimyo; nor was it seen in the Gohojo and Satomi clans which were a newly emerged foreign power.
- しかし全国新酒鑑評会では過去に、色のついたまま出品されている酒は減点の対象としていた時代があり、それゆえ酒蔵では活性炭などで必死に色を抜いていた。
- With respect to the Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai, in the past, there was a period in which sake submitted by leaving color of sake as it was, was subjected to deduction of points and, therefore, breweries tried their best to eliminate the color of sake using active charcoal, etc.
- 現在もほぼ日本全域に分布する最もポピュラーな桜であり、例年3月に気象庁が発表する「さくらの開花予想」(桜前線)も本種の開花状況が基準となっている。
- It's still the most popular cherry tree in Japan, being planted in nearly every area of the country, and the 'bloom forecast' (cherry blossom front) which is announced in March of every year by the Japan Meteorological Agency is based on the bloom condition of this type.
- 牛海綿状脳症問題の影響で2004年2月から2008年3月の間は製造休止となり、インターネットオークションで高値で取引されるといった現象もみられた。
- This product was seen to be traded at an exorbitant price at the Internet auction when the effect of BSE issue caused the production to halt between February 2004 and March 2008.
- 2002年からは、山梨県が主導して「国産のぶどうを100パーセント使用して造った日本産ワイン」を対象とするコンペティションも行われるようになった。
- From 2002 onward, leading with Yamanashi Prefecture, a competition focused on 'Japanese wine using only 100% Japanese grapes' began.
- しかし、対象となる魚の種類が鯛かコイに限られていたこともあり、より簡便な刺身が普及するにつれ、室町時代末期にはほとんど刺身と区別がつかなくなった。
- However, because this dish can only be made using tai and carp, the simpler sashimi became more widespread so that by the end of the Muromachi period, uchimi and sashimi had become almost the same thing.
- 如意輪観音(にょいりんかんのん)、サンスクリットチンターマニチャクラ (cintaamaNicakra)は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Nyoirin Kannon, cintaamaNicakra in Sanskrit, is a venerable entity of Bosatsu, Bodhisattva, and is worshipped in Buddhism.
- ところが時代が降るにつれて一向の教えが同じ踊り念仏の一遍の教えと混同され、更に親鸞の起こした浄土真宗とも混ざり合うという現象が見られるようになる。
- As time passed, however, the teachings of Ikko Shunsho became mixed up with the teachings of Odorinenbutsu which Ippen had established, and these teachings became further confused with the Jodo Shinshu sect founded by Shinran.
- 戦場において自分の働きを証明、また名を残す自己顕示のため各自が考えた固有の図象を旗幕、幔幕にあしらったことが、その始まりであったと考えられている。
- It is considered to have originated from the fact that Buke used their original designs on Hatamaku (旗幕) or Manmaku (curtains) to advertise their achievements or to show off.
- 文化財の保存のために欠くことのできない材料製作、修理、修復などの伝統的な技術は、文化財には該当しないが、文化財保護法による保護の対象となっている。
- Although the material production, repair, restoration and traditional skills indispensable for the preservation of cultural properties aren't 'cultural properties,' they are within the scope of protection under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties.
- 一念三千は法華経の本門によって完全となり、それを具象化したものが十界曼荼羅の本尊であり、この本尊を具体的に実践するのは題目を唱えることだと説いた。
- He also said that ichinen sanzen would be complete by the essential teaching of the Lotus Sutra (Honmon), which is embodied into honzon (principal image of Buddha), and that the way to practice it is the sutra chanting of the Nichiren chant.
- そして、集会参加の有資格者が集会に出席することは法会への出席と並ぶ僧侶としての義務として考えられており、正当な理由の無い欠席は処罰の対象とされた。
- It was considered that it was a duty for the Buddhist priests who had been entitled to join shue to attend shue as well as attend hoe (Buddhist mass) and absence without due cause was punished.
- 寒天印象材は弾力性があり細部再現性は良好であるが、寸法安定性が悪く水分を吸収すれば膨張し大気中に長時間放置すれば寒天内の水分が蒸発し収縮してしまう。
- The agar material offers the excellent elasticity needed to reproduce details, but it's inferior in dimensional stability so that it swells by absorbing moisture and contracts due to evaporation when exposed to the air for a prolonged period of time.
- 飲食店で提供されるもつ鍋は一般的に、主に牛の白もつのみを入れるものが多いが、もつ鍋本来の意味からは、白もつのみではなく多種多様なもつ肉が対象になる。
- In Motsunabe served in restaurants, beef intestines are mostly used, but various kinds of offal can be used, considering the name of Motsunabe.
- 昭和40年(1965年)に歌舞伎が重要無形文化財に総合指定され(対象は伝統歌舞伎保存会)、国立劇場が開場し、復活狂言の通し上演などの興行が成功する。
- In 1965, Kabuki received the overall designation as an important intangible cultural property, whose holder is the Organization for the Preservation of Kabuki, and National Theater opened, and moreover, performances, such as the whole play of revived Kyogen, went well.
- 室町時代も後半には「紅白粉」という薄紅色の紅粉を混ぜた白粉が流行し、時代の風潮を反映してか女性の化粧はより生き生きとした印象を与えるものに代わった。
- In the latter part of the Muromachi period, the makeup powder called 'beni oshiroi' (beni makeup powder), which is the face powder mixed with light-pinkish beni powder, became popular and the makeup style was changed to what gave women more lively impressions, reflecting the trend of those times.
- 中国では、七福神と似た八仙(八福神)と呼ばれるものがあり、全てが実在の人物(仙人)であったといわれ、各地でその姿を描いた絵が信仰の対象になっている。
- In China, there exist Hassen (eight deities of good luck) similar to Shichifukujin, each of which is said to have been an actual person (hermit), and the picture of them is an object to believe in across the nation.
- 胎蔵曼荼羅が真理を実践的な側面、現象世界のものとして捉えるのに対し、金剛界曼荼羅では真理を論理的な側面、精神世界のものとして捉えていると考えられる。
- It is perceived that while Garbha-mandala grasps the truth as matter of the real world from practical aspects, Vajradhatu-mandala grasps the truth as the matter of spiritual world from theoretical aspects.
- 綱紀審査会は、綱紀審査に関し必要があるときは、対象弁護士等、懲戒請求者、関係人及び官公署その他に対して陳述、説明又は資料の提出を求めることができる。
- If necessary for a discipline review, the Board of Discipline Review may request that the Accused Attorney, etc., the Discipline Requesting Party, concerned parties or public agencies make statements or submit explanations or information.
- しかし、これは、隅櫓や特殊な役目にある櫓が天守に代わる象徴的存在として位置づけられたものであるため、御三階櫓ほどには天守として見られないこともある。
- However, the above situation indicates that Sumi-Yagura turret and Yagura with special functions were deemed to be symbolic structures instead of Tenshu, so these Yagura are sometimes not recognized as Tenshu as Gosankai Yagura are.
- また、アメリカ合衆国のボストン美術館には12世紀の普賢延命菩薩像が収蔵されており、3頭1体の象が菩薩を支えることから台密系の菩薩であることがわかる。
- There is a statue of Fugen Enmei Bosatsu of the twelfth century in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, of the United States of America, which is a Bosatsu of Taimitsu (esoteric Buddhism of the Japanese Tendai sect) because it is supported by an elephant with three heads.
- 日本漢字能力検定協会では、毎年その年の世相を象徴する「今年を表現する漢字(今年の漢字)」を全国から募集し、この日に併せ、京都市の清水寺で発表している。
- Every year the Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation collects 'Kanji that express the year, aka, the Kanij of the year,' which symbolizes the social trend of the year, from nationwide and introduces them in Kiyomizu-dera Temple, Kyoto city, Kyoto prefecture on Kanji day.
- 生酛系や純米酒など、昔からある製法で造っている酒では、冷やで飲んでもさほど印象的でなかった酒が、燗にすると本領を発揮し、奥深い味を展開することが多い。
- With sake produced with traditional methods such as kimotokei and junmaishu, in many cases, sake that is not so impressive when taken cold shows itself at its best.
- また、複雑化を避けるため当初は2区分にとどめる予定であったが、低濃度の瓶入りコーヒーも対象に含まれることになり3区分へと範囲が拡げられることとなった。
- Moreover, it was originally intended to be classified into two levels to avoid complication, but low-concentrated coffee in bottles came to be included and it was expanded in scope to three classes.
- 不動明王 (ふどうみょうおう)、サンスクリットアチャラ・ナータ (acala naatha)は、仏教の信仰対象であり、密教特有の尊格である明王の一尊。
- Fudo Myoo (acala naatha in Sanskrit) is a subject of worship in Buddhism and one of the Myoo, a venerable status (尊格) that is specific to Mikkyo, Esoteric Buddhism.
- 破風が少なく、黒塗りの下見板がめぐらされているため、漆黒で簡素な外観であるが、複合連結式であるため見る角度によって異なる印象の意匠を見ることができる。
- Its exterior looks austere with a few gables and black-painted sidings but, since the construction is a multiple attached style, the castle tower gives different impressions to its beholders depending on the angle from which it is viewed.
- しかし、西郷によって推挙された大蔵大丞・安場保和が大隈弾劾の意見書を提出したために大隈やこれを支持する江藤新平・後藤象二郎らが結束してこれに対抗した。
- When Yasukazu YASUBA, Okura Taijo (senior secretary of the Minister of the Treasury) who was recommended by Saigo, voiced his opinioin that Okuma should be impeached, Okuma and his supporters, including Shimpei ETO and Shojiro GOTO, uniformily opposed the move.
- 浄土真宗では、阿弥陀如来の本願(四十八願)により死者はすでに浄土に往生しているとされるので、「死者に対する回向」という概念がなく、礼拝の対象にもしない。
- Because the deceased are believed to have been already born in the Pure Land thanks to Amida Nyorai's primal vow (forty-eight vows) in Jodo Shinshu, the sect does not have the notion of eko (prayers for the repose of the soul) towards the deceased nor consider them to be objects of prayer.
- また京都賞ウイークがあり、期間中には、受賞者による高校特別授業や小中学生との交流事業、大学生を対象にしたフォーラムなど、各種教育イベントも実施している。
- Various educational events are held during the Kyoto Prize week, such as special classes by prizewinners in high schools, exchange programs with primary and junior high school students and forums for university students.
- 1.伝統的な(ガス窯や電気窯、先端産業のセラミック焼成用のローラーハースキルン等に対して)連房式登窯を象徴的に指す言葉として用いる場合(狭義の登り窯)。
- 1. The term 'Noborigama' is used for the traditional Renboshiki-noborigama (multi-chambered climbing kiln), as opposed to gas-fueled kilns, electric kilns and the Roller Hearth Kiln, used for producing advanced industrial ceramics ('Noborigama' in the narrow sense).
- 綱紀審査会は、綱紀審査に関し必要があるときは、対象弁護士等の所属弁護士会の綱紀委員会又は日本弁護士連合会の綱紀委員会に必要な調査を嘱託することができる。
- If necessary for a discipline review, the Board of Discipline Review may request the Disciplinary Enforcement Committee of the bar association to which the Accused Attorney, etc. belongs or the Disciplinary Enforcement Committee of the Japan Federation of Bar Associations to conduct any necessary investigations.
- 綱紀委員会は、調査又は審査に関し必要があるときは、対象弁護士等、懲戒請求者、関係人及び官公署その他に対して陳述、説明又は資料の提出を求めることができる。
- If necessary for an investigation or examination, a Disciplinary Enforcement Committee may request the Accused Attorney, etc., the Discipline Requesting Party, concerned parties or public agencies to make statements or submit explanations or information.
- そのような象徴的に建てられたものを最初に“てんしゅ”と呼んだのは室町幕府第15代将軍足利義昭の御所であった室町第に建てられた天主であるというものである。
- A building constructed as a symbol which was first called 'Tenshu' was the Tenshu constructed in Muromachi-dai (the mansion of the Ashikaga family) which was Gosho (palace) of the 15th Shogun Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 抽象芸術という観点から日本が世界に誇る庭園様式とみなされて世界に発信されていくが、西洋文化が求めた東洋の神秘的イメージに合致して世界的にも有名になった。
- From the viewpoint of abstract art, Japan can boast about its garden design style to the world, that also contains a mysterious Oriental image that meets the expectations of what Western culture pursues, and it has become famous worldwide.
- 神前で舞う巫女の持つ榊の小枝や、神に捧げる若竹や篠などを用いた斎串に付けたり、しめ縄に垂(四手)として飾り、神聖な領域を示す結界の象徴として用いてきた。
- It has been used for a twig of sakaki (a tree used for shrine rituals) which miko (a shrine maiden) in the service of a shrine who performs a dance before the gods has or for igushi (a branch of a sacred tree) using a young bamboo and bamboo grass which are offered to the gods, and for a symbol of the boundary indicating the holy area decorated on shime-nawa (a thick rope used as a ceremonial implement of shrines which indicates the boundary between the holy area and the everyday area) as shide.
- これにより基準年以前に発生していた荘園は臨時課税の対象として正式に公認化されることとなり、それまで散在していた荘園を一つの領域に統合する措置も行われた。
- Because of this, the shoen that had existed before the acts came to be officially recognized as the subject to the extraordinary taxation, and measures to integrate the shoen that had been scattered was taken.
- 三星図は実にさまざまな形態で描かれるが、三者それぞれを人の姿ではなく意味や音韻に関連性がある象徴物として描くものも多く、そのバリエーションは多岐にわたる。
- The Picture of Three Gods has been painted in many variations such that the three gods are often expressed by symbols related to the significance or sound, not in the form of human being.
- - 『続日本紀』に「大祓、宮中にしきりに、妖怪あるためなり」という記述があり、同様になにかの物を指すのではなく、怪奇現象を表す言葉として妖怪を用いている。
- In 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued), there is a description that 'Shinto purification is held because yokai appears very often in the Imperial Court,' and the word yokai is used in a similar manner, not to refer to some object, but to describe an unnatural phenomenon.
- 考証学の基本姿勢は「実証的にものごとを分析すること」であり、そういう態度からすれば過去の模刻の姿勢はあまりにいい加減なものであり、批判すべき対象であった。
- The study of old documents was based on the 'empirical analysis approach,' and seen from this perspective, past approaches to mokoku were too irresponsible to avoid criticism.
- 茶事とは少人数のあらかじめ決められた客を対象にして個人が行う茶会であり、亭主は茶室を花や掛物で飾り、炭手前、懐石、濃茶および薄茶の点前により客をもてなす。
- Chaji is a form of tea party that individuals perform for a small number of designated guests, and the host decorates the tea room with flowers and a hanging scroll, and entertains the guest with charcoal temae, kaiseki (meal served in the tea ceremony), and koicha (thick tea) or usucha.
- 初期の書院造りの特徴は、接客対面の儀式の場としての書院を、権力の象徴として、襖障子と張り付け壁を連続させて、その全面を金地極彩色の金碧障壁画で飾り立てた。
- The characteristic of Shoin-zukuri style in the early stages was that fusuma-shoji and haritsuke kabe of shoin as the place for a ceremony to meet visitors were placed side by side and the whole surface was decorated with kinpeki-shohekiga of brilliant coloring on a golden ground as a symbol of power.
- 強攻ではなく持久戦を選択した理由として、兵力の損耗を防ぐこともさることながら、犠牲が増えることによって苦戦の印象が広まるのを回避するためだったと思われる。
- It seems that the reasons why he chose a long drawn-out battle instead of hard-line tactics were not only to prevent damage of the military force but also to avoid the image of hard fighting being spread.
- 土器の中には口縁部に人面を表わしたものもあるが、一般にこの時代には具象的な人物表現はまれで、前代に盛んに作られた土偶もこの時代にはほとんど姿を消している。
- Some earthen vessels were engraved with a human face on their rim, but in general, the figurative expression of a human is rare during this period, and the earthen figurines enthusiastically made in the former period was almost gone in this period.
- 妖怪(ようかい)は、日本で伝承される民間信仰において、人間の理解を超える奇怪で異常な現象や、あるいはそれらを起こす、不可思議な力を持つ非日常的な存在のこと。
- Yokai (specter), in folk beliefs handed down in Japan, is an unusual being with supernatural powers that can cause bizarre and abnormal phenomena that are beyond human understanding.
- なお、山形県と宮城県の県境にある日本百名山の蔵王連峰は、古くからの山岳信仰の対象であり、平安時代中頃には空海の両部神道を唱える修験者が修行するようになった。
- In addition, the Zao Mountain Range, a member of the one hundred biggest mountains of Japan, which lie on the border between Yamagata Prefecture and Miyagi Prefecture, has been the subject of mountain worship from ancient times so that mountaineering ascetics who believed in Shinto-Buddhist amalgamation of Kukai, came to practice ascetic training around the middle of the Heian period.
- 仏教寺院や仏壇などに最も大切な信仰の対象として安置されたり、お守りとして身辺に常時携帯される、仏や菩薩などの彫刻・絵画・曼荼羅(まんだら)・名号などのこと。
- Sculptures, paintings, mandalas, named inscriptions of Buddha or Bosatsu, are considered to be the most important objects of religious belief installed in Buddhist temples or altars, or carried around on the body as an amulet.
- 私のしごと館の娯楽性は、主な対象である学生・若年者に、「しごと」への興味をうながすため、最新の博物館学や、アミューズメント施設等の成果を応用したものである。
- It entertains young people and students, who are main targets, by using applications of the latest museology and amusement facilities to encourage them to have interest in 'jobs.'
- それらの現象が何であり、どのようなものであり、いかなるものに似ており、いかなる特徴があり、いかなる本質をもっているかということは、如来だけが知っているのだ。
- Only the Buddha knows what they are, how they are, like what they are, and of what characteristics and of nature they are.
- 荘園においては年貢・公事が賦課される名田を対象とするのが一般的であるが、荘園領主直営の佃・正作や一色田・給名田をはじめとする雑役免の対象地、散田などを含む。
- In the manors, myoden (rice-field lots held by a nominal holder), which were subject to nengu and kuji, were generally categorized as joden, but also any lands which were subject to zoyakumen (exception from all levies except the regular land tax) including the cultivation of fields and rice fields directly managed by the manor owners, as well as isshikiden (partially exempt fields), kyumyoden (rice fields given to an officer or a steward of a manor by his lord), and sanden (deteriorated rice fields) were included in the category.
- 座布団の成立は鎌倉時代ごろまで遡り、江戸時代中期には現在の形となって庶民にも広く普及したものの、古くは権力者や高僧などの権力の象徴として用いられた経緯がある。
- The origin of zabuton dates back to the Kamakura Period, and they became the shape we know today in the middle of the Edo Period when they became widely used among ordinary people, although prior to that they had been symbols of the power of high priests and other powerful people.
- ぶぶ漬けを勧められても一旦はこれを断るのは常識であり、もし遠慮も無く真に受けて食べてしまうと、家人に「あの人は厚かましい」という印象を抱かれてしまいかねない。
- It is considered as a common-sense for a visitor to once decline an offer of bubu zuke, and, therefore, if he accepts the offer and takes it without reserve, he will give an impression to the host that 'he or she is bold.'
- 仏教の信仰・造像の対象となっている、広い意味での「仏」は、その由来や性格に応じ、「如来部」「菩薩部」「明王部」「天部」の4つのグループに分けるのが普通である。
- Buddha' in broad terms that are the target of worshipping and making sculptures in Buddhism are generally categorized into four groups, namely 'Nyorai-bu' (group of Tathagata), 'Bosatsu-bu' (group of Bodhisattva), 'Myoo-bu' (group of Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings) and 'Tenbu' (group of protesters of Buddhist laws).
- 集会などで定められた寺院法は当初は寺院の境内及び僧侶・俗人などの所属者を対象としてきたが、寺辺と呼ばれる地内町が寺院の周囲に対しても効力を及ぼすようになった。
- Jiin-ho set at the gatherings were initially only effective inside the temple grounds, as well as those belonging to the temple, such as priests and followers, but later, jinai-cho, which is also called 'jihen', began to have an effect on areas surrounding the temples.
- 林忠正による印象派の紹介や、海外留学から帰った黒田清輝らの出展で、明治美術会や洋画家らは混乱しながらもヨーロッパの最新の絵画運動を取り入れ活発な活動を行った。
- The Meiji Art Society, Western-style painters, and their sympathizers were thrown into confusion by the counterforce, but they were active in introducing the newest movement in European painting, which is exemplified by Tadamasa HAYASHI's introduction of impressionists, and by the exhibition of paintings of Seiki KURODA and others who returned from study abroad.
- 埴輪は古墳の墳丘の周囲に立てられた素焼きの土製品で、具象的な形体を表わさない円筒埴輪から始まり、やがて鳥形埴輪が登場、鳥以外の動物埴輪、人物埴輪がこれに続く。
- 'Haniwa' is an unglazed clay artifact arranged around the mounded tomb, and at first, non-figurative cylindrical haniwa appeared, and before long, bird-shaped haniwa appeared, and then, animal-shaped haniwa (other than bird-shaped ones), and human-shaped haniwa followed that.
- なおこの頃、政情不安や物価の高騰による生活苦などから「世直し一揆」や打ちこわしが頻発し、また社会現象として「ええじゃないか」なる奇妙な流行が広範囲で見られた。
- Due to the political instability and the inflated prices of goods in the market, many radical actions, such as 'reform riots' and destructive urban riots, occurred, and 'Eejanaika', an unusual movement consisting of religious celebrations and communal activities, was seen in many parts of the country.
- 中華人民共和国(中国共産党)は儒教を道徳思想としているが、前述の通り「儒教は革命に対する反動である」との理由から儒家の活動を弾圧の対象にし、大幅に制限していた。
- The People's Republic of China (Communist Party of China) treats Ju-kyo as a thought of ethics, but as mentioned above, Ju-kyo activities are the subject of suppression, and are largely limited due to the idea that 'Ju-kyo is the counter reaction to revolution.'
- これからもわかるように、能ならば能という対象はどの流儀にも共通するのに対して、それにいかに演ずるかの技術が異なるところに流儀というものの源流があるといってよい。
- As understood from this, in the case of Noh, all of the Noh schools share the art of Noh while they differ in techniques for performing Noh dramas, from which each ryugi can be said to originate.
- 国立劇場開場後は積極的に埋もれた古典の復活上演を行い、歌舞伎十八番の『象引』『七つ面』『解脱』『関羽』『不動』や初代桜田治助作『御摂勧進帳』などで話題を集めた。
- After the National Kabuki Theater opened, he was active in restoring performances of Japanese classics which had fallen into obscurity, and drew attention for his performances of Kabuki 'juhachi ban' repertoire including 'Zohiki,' 'Nanatsumen,' 'Gedatsu,' 'Kan-u,' 'Fudo' and 'Gohiiki Kanjincho' by Jisuke SAKURADA (I).
- ただし、これらもリアルに描写するというよりは象徴的であり、またあくまでもモティーフとして音楽的に発展させられており、単なる描写音楽として片付けることはできない。
- However, the depiction in these pieces is symbolic rather than realistic, and its musical development was clearly as motifs; thus these pieces cannot be regarded simply as depictive music.
- 飲料の低アルコール化という現象そのものは日本以外の国々でも進行しつつあったし、日本でもウィスキーの水割りが一般化してきた昭和40年代にも予兆を見ることができる。
- The phenomenon of the low-alcohol drink itself was progressing also in countries other than Japan, and there was foreshadowing from 1965 to 1974 when whisky with water became popular in Japan.
- 作風は、正徹から受け継いだ新古今風を基礎に、表現対象の凝視と表現主体の沈潜とを重視する独特のもので、「ひえやせたる」風趣のうちに得意な感覚の冴え方を示している。
- Based on the Shinkon style (tone of poems seen in 'New Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese poetry') learned from Shotetsu, Shinkei's work was unique in the way that he placed the importance on close examination of poem subjects and self-preoccupation in poem themes, exhibiting his refined senses in his 'hieyasetaru' (simple and natural) poem style.
- また草莽に対しても出稼ぎの農民とともに勝手に本国より離れたものとして人返しの対象にすることを決定した(五榜の掲示の第5札、実際の取締規定は明治2年以後である)。
- Furthermore, together with the peasants, the government decided to treat the ordinary citizens who had supported the Joi movement as people who had left their homeland without permission, punishing them under the law of Hitogaeshi (a law that forced peasants to return to their homelands) (According to the fifth item in the Gobo no keiji (five public notices), the actual regulation was enacted after 1869).
- 私領も国家租税である官物の賦課対象であったが、領主は、私領から私的な得分を収取することについて国衙の承認を受けており、地子の語はこの私的得分を指すようになった。
- Although private lands were also objects for imposition of kanmotsu (tribute goods paid as taxes or tithes), the national land tax, feudal lords obtained the recognition of kokuga to the right to collect profit personally and the term of jishi referred to this personal profit.
- 祓う(災厄、身の汚れを祓う)、示す・正す(威儀)、顔を隠す(威儀)、表す(家紋など、象徴)、かざす(儀式の際)、占う(軍配、差配)、もてなす(客間、作法・礼儀)。
- The Uchiwa fan is used to drive out evil spirits, show dignity, cover one's face to show dignity, show one's symbol such as a family crest, tell fortunes, take command of the military, and demonstrate good manners when entertaining others in a drawing room; it is also held above one's head in certain rituals.
- 排ガスなどの大気汚染ももちろん、近年の地球温暖化やヒートアイランド現象で、ソメイヨシノが急激な環境の変化についていけていないことが病気の遠因になっている節がある。
- Not only are air pollution by exhaust gas but global warming and the heat-island phenomenon are also indirect causes of illness among Someiyoshino trees, since they can't keep up with the rapid pace of environmental change.
- 歌舞伎の演技の中で、着物の裾をはしょり、見得を切る場面などは、陰部や臀部を見せて褌を締めていることを表すことで、自分は成人した者であるとの証を象徴したものである。
- On a Kabuki stage, a player who kilts hems of kimono to make a proud gesture is presenting himself as an adult by showing his pubic region and buttocks covered by a fundoshi loincloth.
- 一般の大乗仏教(顕教)が民衆に向かい広く教義を言葉や文字で説くに対し、密教は極めて神秘主義的・象徴主義的な教義を教団内部の師資相承によって伝持する点に特徴がある。
- While in Mahayana Buddhism (exoteric Buddhism) dharma is preached broadly to people through words and texts, characteristically in Mikkyo a very mystical and symbolic dharma is transmitted by a master to a disciple within the sect.
- のちには大名庭園においても一部用いられたが戦前には西洋から導入された抽象美学・芸術が日本の土着の抽象芸術を模索する姿勢をつくりだし、その視点から注目されていった。
- Later, this was partially used in gardens of feudal lords (daimyos), however, abstraction aesthetics and art introduced from the West during the prewar days produced a posture that gropes for the abstract native art of Japan, and attention was focused from this perspective.
- これにより、最高に素晴らしい女性を「蓮女」といいその最高峰の象徴としてラクシュミ神(日本では吉祥天として知られるが、仏教では吉祥天、密教では吉祥天女)を崇拝した。
- As a result, the most fantastic woman was called 'Hasuonna,' and as the top symbol, Lakshmi (a consort of Vishnu in Hinduism) (this is known as Kisshoten (Laksmi) in Japan, but, it refers to Kisshoten (Laksmi) in Buddhism and to Kisshotennyo (Lakshmi) in Esoteric Buddhism) was worshiped.
- スルメの噛めば噛むほど味が出てくる性質から転じて、俗語として「最初はあまり印象には残らないが、後になってだんだん良く感じるようになる」という意味としても用いられる。
- It is also used as a slang term meaning that 'it is not particularly impressive at first but one will develop greater appreciation for it over time,' borrowing from the characteristic of surume that more one chews, the tastier it becomes.
- 最近は絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の国際取引に関する条約(ワシントン条約)により象牙の入手が困難のため高騰してはいるが、代用樹脂は学校教育用などに限られている。
- Although the price of ivory has soared recently because of unavailability caused by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (Washington Convention), substitute plastic is being used only for the products for school educational purpose.
- イギリス政府が2500人以上の成人を対象にした調査で「最も重要と思いつつも最も不快に感じる発明品」として、カラオケが22%を獲得し携帯電話などを抑えて1位となった。
- A survey among more than 2,500 adults conducted by the British government, karaoke won first place with 22% over mobile phones and so on as 'the most irritating invention to have blighted Britain.'
- 以前から郷土史家と呼ばれる人が地域の住民もしくは社会見学の一環として訪れた学童・生徒等を対象に説明を行っていたということはありえるが、これは「観光」の要素は乏しい。
- Local historians have long conducted talks for local residents as well as schoolchildren and pupils during field trips but this phenomenon does not fall under the definition of tourism.
- 近年では、人が死に際に体験するといわれる(臨死体験をした人が「見た」と語っている)一生の記憶のリピート現象の表現として用いられている(走馬灯現象または走馬灯体験)。
- Recently, somato has come to be used in the words to describe the flashback of one's lifetime memory, such as somato phenomenon (a flashback phenomenon) and somato experience (a flashback experience), which is said to be experienced by a dying person --- or which a near-death experiencer says he (or she) saw.
- たとえば造形を職業とする人のなかでも、他から決められた形を機械的に生産する職人タイプの人から、自らイメージしたコンセプトを具象化していく造形作家タイプの人までいる。
- Among creators, for example, some are 'craftsman' type people who mechanically produce things according to given designs, and others are 'plastic artist' type people who embody their own idea in their works.
- また近代以降は大寄せの茶会の普及によって、本来草体である小間の格式が上がってしまい、真体である唐銅の花生や唐物茶入を好んで小間に用いるという逆転現象も発生している。
- In addition, a koma (a small tea room) originally supposed to be sotai (simple) became ceremonial during the modern age due to the spread of large-scaled tea ceremonies, and a reversal phenomenon occurred, where people love to use shintai (true) utensils such as a karakane (Chinese copper) flower vase and karamono tea leaf container in a koma.
- また韓国では日本料理店のみならず、洋食を供するレストランでも沢庵漬けが出されることがあるが、これは洋食そのものが日本から伝わったものであるために定着した現象である。
- Additionally, not only Japanese restaurants but also some of the Western-food restaurants in South Korea serve takuan-zuke which is a phenomenon that has been established as the Western food was brought over from Japan.
- 森羅万象に命や神霊が宿るとする、古神道の一つである神奈備(かむなび)や磐座(いわくら)という山岳信仰と仏教、道教、陰陽道などが習合して確立した日本独特の宗教である。
- It is a Japan-specific religion combining various religions, such as Buddhism, Taoism, Onmyodo (the way of Yin and Yang, an occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements) with Kannabi (an old form of Shintoism) and Iwakura (a form of mountain worship) in which a life or divine spirit is considered to reside in everything.
- よって、教団の枠組みを超え、朱子学・陽明学といった儒教哲学や、漢詩などの文学、水墨画による山水画や庭園造立などの美術などの、様々な文化的な事象に広範な影響を与えた。
- Therefore, it had a wide influence to various cultures such as Confucianism Philosophy including Neo-Confucianism and Yomei-gaku (neo-Confucianism based on teaching of Wang Yangming), literature including Chinese poetry, Sansui-ga (Chinese-style landscape painting) of ink-wash painting and arts including garden making beyond the framework of a religious community.
- 牙符とは文字を刻んだ象牙を半割りにした割符であり、円周は四寸五分、片面に「朝鮮通信」と篆書体(てんしょ)で刻まれ、反対面には発給年次「成化十年甲午」と彫られていた。
- Gafu was an inscribed ivory tally split into halves, each of which was 13.6 cm round with one of the halves inscribed with 'Korean communication' in Tensho characters and the other half inscribed with the year issued '1474.'
- よって、頼朝の要請した対象地域には現在義仲が軍事的に占領している全地域すなわち京都を含めた畿内一帯も含まれていたが、北陸道の除外によって畿内も当然除外されたとする。
- Therefore, the area that was requested by Yoritomo to be covered by the decree had included the whole area under Yoshinaka's military occupation at that time, namely the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) including Kyoto, but there is no doubt that the Kinai region was excluded from the decree at the time of the exclusion of the Hokurikudo, according to KOUCHI.
- 特に19世紀中頃の万国博覧会(国際博覧会)へ出品などをきっかけに、日本美術(浮世絵、琳派、工芸品など)が注目され、印象派やアール・ヌーヴォーの作家たちに影響を与えた。
- In particular, the exhibition of pieces at the world fairs (international expositions) of the mid-19th century, shed light on Japanese art (including ukiyoe woodblock prints, works of the Rinpa School and crafts), which influenced impressionist and Art Nouveau artists.
- - 安政5年(1858年) - 大正8年(1919年)仏教哲学者で当時の科学的見地から、哲学や心理学を用いて、妖怪の存在やその現象の真偽を、分類し体系としてまとめた。
- From 1858 to 1919, he was a Buddhist philosopher who categorized and systematized yokai's existence and truth about their phenomena using philosophy and psychology based on the scientific view of the time.
- 歌絵(うたえ)とは、和歌や物語、有名な故事に登場する器物、自然現象、動植物などを数種類配置することによって、元となった和歌や物語を連想させるように仕向けた意匠のこと。
- The Uta-e is an elaborately designed pictorial work consisting of several illustrations depicting tools, natural phenomenon, plants and animals among other things that appear in Japanese poems, stories, and famous ceremonies, aimed at helping readers imagine and understand the backgrounds of these works.
- 米軍が日本本土の上空から、民間人をも攻撃対象にして空襲を行う頻度が多くなり、1945年の終戦前頃は、地域によってはほぼ毎日、空襲による被害を受けるようになっていった。
- The US forces more frequently launched air raids on civilians from above the Japanese mainland such that before the end of war in 1945, some areas were air-raided almost everyday.
- 同時代の中国や朝鮮半島では獣頭人身を象った浮き彫りや土人形が埋葬された墓が発見されているため、キトラ古墳は中国や朝鮮半島などの文化的影響を受けていたと考えられている。
- Due to the fact that embossed carvings and clay dolls of animal heads on human bodies have been discovered in ancient tombs of the same era in China and the Korean Peninsula, Kitora-kofun Tumulus is considered to have been influenced by the cultures of China and the Korean Peninsula.
- 聖観音(しょうかんのん)、サンスクリットアーリヤ・アヴァローキテーシュヴァラ (aarya avalokitezvara) は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Sho Kannon, aarya avalokitezvara in Sanskrit is a venerable entity of Bosatsu, Bodhisattva, which is worshipped in Buddhism.
- 保存対象車両は原則として現存するもっとも若番の車両(できれば1号機)を選定するよう検討を重ねられていたが、C62形2号機のように、当初は保存予定になかった車両もある。
- Reviews had been made to select, in principle, lowest-numbered extant steam locomotives (#1 if possible) for preservation, but there are some steam locomotives, such as the Class C62 #2, that were not originally planned for preservation.
- また、秀吉のもとに徳川家康・上杉景勝・毛利輝元・大友義統など各地の戦国大名が相次いで使者を派遣し、戦勝を慶賀し親交を求めたことも秀吉の畿内における権力掌握を象徴した。
- In addition, warlords across the country, including Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, Kagekatsu UESUGI, Terumoto MORI and Yoshimune OTOMO, dispatched envoys to Hideyoshi one after another to celebrate his victory and to establish friendly relations with him, all of which also symbolized Hideyoshi's assumption of power in the Kinai Region.
- しかし神祇信仰と習合しやすい呪術的要素を持ちながら国家護持や普遍性・抽象性を備えた教説を整えた中央の大寺院として諸国神宮寺の心を捉えたのが空海の伝えた真言宗であった。
- However, Kukai's Shingon sect of Buddhism attracted Jingu-ji Temples of various countries as a central large temple because it had magical essence, which was easy to combine with Jingi belief, as well as preaching a story, providing protection for the nation, universality, and abstractness.
- 中国では、ツル・シカ・モモを伴うことによって、福・禄・寿を象徴する三体一組の神像や、コウモリ・鶴・マツによって福・禄・寿を具現化した一幅の絵などが作られ広く用いられた。
- In China, the statues of Fukurokuju, the one god existing in three entities and one substance symbolizing happiness, wealth and longevity, accompanied by a crane, deer and peach were made and became commonly available as well as the paintings of Fukurokuju accompanied by a bat, crane and pine representing happiness, wealth and longevity by bat, crane and pine were.
- 江戸中期頃、松村呉春を祖とし、岡本豊彦や松村景文らが発展させ、京都画壇で一大勢力となり、その後塩川文麟、幸野楳嶺、竹内栖鳳、西山翠嶂、堂本印象などと現代まで続いている。
- Around the Mid-Edo period, Goshun MATSUMURA founded it and Toyohiko OKAMOTO, Keibun MATSUMURA and others developed it to a force of the Kyoto painting circles, then Bunrin SHIOKAWA, Bairei KONO, Seiho TAKEUCHI, Suisho NISHIYAMA, Insho DOMOTO and others took over and it continues to this day.
- 井上金太郎監督が演出した阪東の主演作で、同年9月25日に、マキノ・プロダクションの配給により、金森万象監督のマキノ御室作品『奇傑鬼鹿毛 第三篇』と二本立てで公開された。
- 'Ijin Musume to Bushi,' starring Bando and directed by Kintaro INOUE, was released and distributed by Makino Productions on September 25, 1925 as a double feature with 'Kiketsu Onikage Daisanpen' (Great Onikage, Part Three), directed by Bansho KANAMORI.
- ことに禅宗では阿羅漢である大迦葉に釈迦の正法が直伝されたことを重視して、釈迦の弟子たちの修行の姿が理想化され、五百羅漢図や羅漢像が作られ、正法護持の祈願の対象となった。
- Particularly, the Zen sect emphasized that Shaka's true dharma (正法) was transmitted directly to Arakan, Daikasho (Mahakasyapa) and produced pictures of the 500 Rakans, and statues of Rakan idealized the figures of Shaka's disciples training, which were later worshipped to pray for keeping true dharma.
- また、観光パンフレットなどにはこの橋が写り込んだ写真が多用されるほか、映画やテレビドラマの撮影で多用されていることもあり、観光地としての嵐山を象徴する橋ともなっている。
- This bridge represents the scenic spot Arashiyama, because many sightseeing brochures use photos showing this bridge, and it is often used for filming movies and TV dramas.
- 文明はまた、ひとたび自分を、相手の立場において考えてみると、この事象に対応して、常に不動心に燃え、その先達を凌駕するだけの宗教家になろう、と決意しさらに修行に徹した。.
- Fumiaki also thought that he needed to put himself in another person's place and, in consideration of this issue, he decided to always earnestly pursue a calm mind and train himself to become a religious leader superior to the sendatsu.
- 「国宝○○寺」あるいは「国宝○○城」のような表記がまま見られるが、厳密に言えば寺院や城郭全体が国宝に指定されているのではなく、指定の対象はあくまでも個々の建造物である。
- It is not uncommon to see terms like 'XX Temple, a national treasure' or 'XX Castle, a national treasure,' but strictly speaking it is always individual buildings, not the entire temple or castle complex, that are designated as national treasures.
- 天文に関する現象は国家の存亡に関わる重大な現象であると捉えられ、天文生といえども勝手に天文に関する図書を読むことが許されない程であった(「養老律令」雑令・秘書玄象条)。
- As phenomena related to tenmon were considered to significantly affect the fate of the country, even students of tenmon were not allowed to read books on tenmon freely ('Yororitsuryo' zoryo Hisho gensho jo).
- 西洋近代を告げるルネサンスにおいては自然回帰運動が起き、芸術の世界では具象をありのままに捉えようとする近代的パースペクティヴが発展し、写実性を求める動きが次第に強まった。
- A movement pursuing photorealism was gradually intensified with the back-to-nature movement launched during the Renaissance which brought the modernization of Western culture, as well as with the modern perspective developed in the world of art which attempted to depict figures as they were.
- 能の舞はきわめて静的であるという印象が一般的だが、序破急と呼ばれる緩急があり、ハコビにおいてもゆっくりと動き出して、徐々にテンポを早くし、ぴたっと止まるように演じられる。
- The general impression of dances in Noh is static; however, dances in Noh have a slow and quick movement called Johakyu (three segments of performance and speed of plays; slower and quieter performance during the jo (beginning), gradually gaining tempo in the ha (middle portion), and becoming more energetic during the kyu (denouement)), and in Hakobi, performers also start moving slowly, step up the tempo gradually and stop suddenly.
- 明治時代から昭和初期の大阪市内、特にミナミ法善寺周辺には、北側に三友派の象徴であった「紅梅亭」(旧称「今嘉の席」「泉熊の席」、後に吉本興業が買収し「西花月亭」)があった。
- From Meiji to the early Showa period, there was the 'Kobaitei Theater' (previously known as 'Imaga no Seki' or 'Izukuma no Seki,' subsequently acquired by Yoshimoto Kogyo and was renamed 'West Kagetsutei Theater') that epitomized the Sanyu school of rakugo in the northern part of South Osaka around the Hozen-ji Temple in Osaka City.
- 牙符制は日明貿易における勘合符制と同様、一つの符を二つに裂いた割符を以って使節の査証を行なう制度であり、勘合符の代わりに牙符あるいは象牙符とも呼ばれる通信符が使用された。
- Like kangofusei (tally system) in the Japan-Ming trade, Gafusei was a system where a tally was split into two halves and used for certifying an envoy where the communication tally called gafu (seal tally) or zogefu (ivory tally) was used in place of the kangofu.
- かつてのように半ズボンと長ズボンしかなかった時代には業界用語だったが、ハーフパンツが登場し、微妙な丈の長さを表現するために消費者を対象に売り場でも用いられるようになった。
- Take was once a jargon when there were only short pants and longs, but with the advent of half pants the term came to be used at the stores to describe the subtle difference in the length of pants to the consumers.
- 卵の輸入制限は各国の国内鶏卵業者への保護を目的とする他にも鶏卵が有する各種細菌がもつ食品衛生上の観点からも重視されており、各国で輸入規制対象物品に指定されていることが多い。
- Import restriction of eggs is counted not only for the purpose of protection of domestic poultry farmers but also in view of food hygiene based on various bacteria included in eggs, and therefore many countries specify it as prohibited imports.
- 日本において最も馴染み深い花であることから、一般的に国花の一つとされ(法的に定められたものではない)、明治時代以降軍隊や学校の制帽や階級章に桜を象った紋章が用いられている。
- Because it is the most familiar blossom for the Japanese people, it is considered one of the national flowers in general (not defined by law), and since the Meiji period the crests of cherry blossom have been attached to army and school caps and also used as badges of rank.
- 曼荼羅(まんだら、サンスクリット:maṇḍala)は仏教(特に密教)において聖域、仏の悟りの境地、世界観などを仏像、シンボル、文字などを用いて視覚的・象徴的に表わしたもの。
- Mandala (Sanskrit: mandala) means works that express sanctuary, Buddhahood and/or the world view of Buddhism visually and symbolically by means of statutes of Buddha, symbols and characters (especially those of Esoteric Buddhism).
- 同法第2条第1項第1号には建造物らのものと「一体をなしてその価値を形成している土地その他の物件」が重要文化財指定の対象である「有形文化財」の概念に含まれることが明記された。
- In the first statement of Ordinance 2, Clause 1 of the same law, the concept that the building and 'the land or other construction that forms the value' is a 'tangible cultural property' that is eligible for designation as an important cultural property was included and clearly described.
- 歓喜天(聖天、象頭人身の男女が抱擁している姿に表わされる)のようにエロティックな像容に表わされ、「教義に対する誤解を招く恐れがある」と見なされる場合も秘仏となる場合がある。
- Like Kangiten (Nandikesvara, Ganesh in the Buddhist pantheon) (the figure of a man and a woman with elephant heads and human bodies embracing each other), erotic designs may have been hidden from public view as 'they may have caused the misunderstanding of the doctrine.'
- 刀剣・武具も日本美術の伝統を考えるうえで軽視できない存在であり、「武士の魂」と称され神聖視されている刀剣はその外装や小道具のみならず、刀身自体が美的鑑賞の対象となっている。
- Swords and arms cannot be disdained in the tradition of Japanese art, and especially swords have been sanctified as the soul of samurai, so that the exterior ornament, the attached tools, and the blade itself become appreciated as a symbol of beauty.
- また、本宣旨が対象とする地域範囲についても、佐藤進一や石井進 (歴史学者)らが東海道・東山道全域とするのに対し、上横手雅敬は遠江・信濃以東の13カ国に限定されていたとする。
- Moreover, while some historians, such as Shinichi SATO and Susumu ISHII consider the extent of the area subject to this decree as the whole area throughout Tokaido (an old Japanese geographical region that was situated along the southeastern edge of Honshu) and Tosando(an old Japanese geographical region that was situated along the central mountains of Honshu), Masataka UWAYOKOTE insists that it was limited to the thirteen provinces located eastward of Totomi Province and Shinano Province.
- 当時の幕府の法令は、今でいえば日本全国を対象とする法律であって、それに対し今の地方自治体が定める条例のように、江戸時代にも特定の藩や地域だけに認められた法度もたくさんあった。
- While the decrees of the bakufu at the time were today's national laws in Japan, there were many Hatto (law, ban) locally effective only in certain domains and regions in the Edo period as there are Jorei (ordinance) set forth by local governments today.
- そのため、アマチュアでありながらネット上で多数のファンを獲得し、その実力を買われてゲーム原画師や漫画家、イラストレーターとして採用される、逆転現象といえる事例も多く発生した。
- Consequently, there have been many cases of a so-called opposite phenomenon whereby some amateurs are appreciated and engaged as video game lead animators, cartoonists, or as illustrators, according to the reality that they have obtained a large number of fans through websites.
- しかし、調味料が入っていないこと、国産でも西洋のイメージがあること、アルコール度が高いものを水割りにして飲むことなどから、三増酒に向けられるような泥臭い印象は持たれなかった。
- But it did not give a homespun impression because of containing of no seasoning, having a Western image in spite of being a domestic product and a hard liquor drunk with water.
- また、所蔵する資料が膨大であり、サービスの対象とする地域も日本全国から諸外国にまで及んでいるため、個人からの利用には数多くの制約がかけられていたり、不便に感じられる点も多い。
- Also, because the NDL holds an enormous amount of materials, and the scope of its services encompasses the nation as well as foreign countries, there are many restrictions and inconvenient points for individual users.
- 1874年(明治7年)、前年のいわゆる明治六年の政変(征韓論の争議)に敗れて下野した副島種臣、板垣退助、後藤象二郎、江藤新平等が連署して、民撰議院設立建白書を左院に提出した。
- In 1874, Taneomi SOEJIMA, Taisuke ITAGAKI, Shojiro GOTO and Shinpei ETO who resigned from their post due to the political upheaval in 1873 (the dispute of Seikanron [debate on subjugation of Korea]) submitted a political statement for democratic representatives in their joint names.
- 国司苛政上訴(こくしかせいじょうそ)は、日本の平安時代に郡司・田堵・負名・百姓階層が地方官である国司(受領)の苛政・非法を中央政府(太政官)へ訴えた行為、現象または闘争形態。
- Kokushi kasei joso refers to acts and phenomena of appeals and armed struggles by Gunji (local magistrates), Tato (cultivators), Fumyo (tiller of the public rice field), and the farmer class in order to complain to the central government Daijokan (Grand Council of State) about tyrannies and illegal behaviors of Kokushi (or Zuryo) (provincial governors), Chihokan (local officials) during the Heian period in Japan.
- ただし、極端な場合には持ち合わせの財産が債権額に達しないことを理由として一般的には差し押さえの対象にはならないと考えられていたウシやウマ、妻子などを差し押さえる場合もあった。
- In extreme cases, however, cows, horses, wives and children, not considered to be subject to seizure in general, were occasionally attached for the alleged reason that the property on hand of a debtor was short of the amount of credit.
- 星座の射手座(いてざ)は、弓矢を持ったケンタウロス(またはケンタウロス族の一人ケイロンのこと)であり、ヘラクレスの矢によって、死んだケイロンを神々が惜しみ天に象ったといわれる。
- The Archer of asterism is Centaurs who has Yumiya (or Cehiron, one of the members of the Centaurs family) and it is said that he was imitated in heaven because the gods felt sorry for his death caused by Hercules.
- 外国語で意味が近いものに「coquetterie」「esprit」などを挙げたが、形式を抽象化することによって導き出される類似・共通点をもって文化の理解としてはならないとした。
- While he mentioned that foreign words such as 'coquetterie' and 'esprit' have a similar meaning, he argued that common or similar points derived through the abstraction of forms should not be used to understand a culture.
- 日本では、2003年頃から焼酎乙類を対象とする「本格焼酎ブーム」が起き、同年には焼酎類全体の出荷量が日本酒の出荷量を約50年ぶりに上回り、2004年には売上高もピークを迎えた。
- In Japan there was a 'Honkaku Shochu boom' of the shochu group Otsu since about 2003 and the total shipping volume of shochu exceeded that of rice wine for the first time after fifty years in 2003 and the sales amount peaked in 2004.
- キッザニアは「こどもによる こどもたちの国」という宣言のとおり、児童を主な対象としており、特に日本においては「児童に社会体験の機会を与える」ことに重点を置く運営をめざしている。
- Kidzania's main customers are children (sixth graders or younger) as its declaration suggests, 'the country of children, and by children,' and its operation in Japan aims at 'providing children with social experiences.'
- 全ての事象は、それだけが単独で存在するのではなく、「陰」と「陽」という相反する形(例えば明暗、天地、男女、善悪、吉凶など)で存在し、それぞれが消長をくりかえすという思想である。
- It is the idea that all the phenomena do not exist independently, but exist in one of two conflicting forms, 'yin' and 'yang' (for example, light and darkness, heaven and earth, men and women, good and evil, good fortune or bad), each one repeating rise and fall.
- 文化財保護法による国宝の指定対象となるものは有形文化財であり、具体的には建造物、絵画、彫刻、工芸品、書跡、典籍、古文書、考古資料、歴史資料である(同法第2条第1項第1号参照)。
- The items that can be designated national treasures as specified in the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties are any items considered tangible cultural assets; specifically, they are broken down into the following categories: buildings, paintings, sculptures, crafts, calligraphy work, books, ancient documents, archaeological materials, and historical materials (for more information, see the first part of item one under Article 2 of the abovementioned law).
- 『今昔物語集』の「摂津守満仲出家せる語」には500との数もあるが、それは『今昔物語集』が書かれた12世紀初めの段階での当時最大の都の武士団の印象を元にした誇張・文飾だとされる。
- The story of Mitsunaka, the lord of Settsu Province' in 'Konjaku Monogatari Shu' stated 500, but it is assumed to be just an exaggeration and flowery words following the impression of bushidan of the biggest capital back in early twelfth century when 'Konjaku Monogatari Shu' was written.
- 1686年に江戸幕府より出された禁令の対象に「うどんや蕎麦切りなどの火を持ち歩く商売」という意味の記載があり、この頃にはすでに持ち歩き屋台形式の蕎麦屋が存在したことが推測できる。
- An interdict issued by the Edo bakufu in 1686 covered an item which amounted to 'a business requiring fire to be carried around to operate such as udon or sobakiri' suggesting that portable soba stalls were already in existence in those days.
- このような部分で龍笛が補足的に本来の音に近いメロディーを吹くことになり、その部分がヘテロフォニーと呼ばれる、ずれの現象を伴って演奏されることにより、独特の味わいがでることとなる。
- In such a part, the melody close to the original sound is played collaterally on the Ryuteki flute, and playing the part with the gap (called heterophony) creates a unique flavor.
- 謝良佐の弟子である朱震は邵雍の『皇極経世書』、周敦頤の『通書』といった象数易と『程氏易伝』や張載の『正蒙』といった義理易を総合して『漢上易伝』を著し、王安石や蘇軾の易学に対抗した。
- Shusin, a disciple of Sha Ryosa, brought together Shosu-eki (graphic and mathematical divination) such as 'Kokyokukeiseisho' (Kogyoku future occurrence book) by ShoYo (Shao Yong) and 'Tsusho' (almanac) by Shu Ton-i (Zhou Dunyi), and Giri-eki (ethics and philosophy divination) such as 'Tei's annotation of I Ching' and Cho Sai's (Zhang Zai) 'Seimo,' and wrote 'Kanjoekiden,' to counter the art of divination led by Anseki O (Wang Anshi) and Su Shi.
- しかし、始曲部分や終曲部分は収まりのよいように仕舞独自の型が付され、そのほかの部分でもあて振り的な要素のつよい型はこれを改めて全体的に象徴性をより高くする方向で型付が行われている。
- However, a form specific to Shimai is originally choreographed so that the beginning and ending parts are settled, and in other parts, forms are also choreographed toward raising the symbolic nature of the whole by revising the choreography that has a strong nature of Ateburi (expressing the meaning of verses by dancing).
- 整然とした端正な形を好み、抽象を重んじる他の茶器とは違い、歪んだ形の沓(くつかけ)茶碗や、市松模様や幾何学模様の絵付け、後代には扇子などの形をした食器や香炉など、具象的な物が多い。
- While other chaki are expected to be well-ordered and decent in shape and also are valued for their abstraction, Oribe ware include a number of representational articles, such as irregularly-shaped Kutsukake chawan (tea bowls shaped like a shoe of old times), those with a checkered or geometric-pattern hand painting, and in later years, tableware and incense burners in the shape of a sensu (folding fan) and the like.
- しかし、全ての曼荼羅がそのような抽象的な空間を表わしているのではなく、浄土曼荼羅には三次元的な空間が表現されているし、神道系の曼荼羅には、現実の神社境内の風景を表現したものも多い。
- However, all mandala works are not necessarily works that express such abstract space since Jodo mandala works express three dimensional space and many of the Shinto Religion mandala works express real scenery from the shrines' holy precinct.
- 天下太平の江戸時代に入ると、武士同士による激しい戦はほとんどなくなり、合戦における敵味方の区別のように実用的だった家紋の役割は変化していき、一種の権威の象徴となっていったのである。
- During the peaceful, tranquil, rather uneventful, Edo Period, there were few hard battles fought among samurai so, the former practical role of Kamon, such as; distinguishing friend from foe in battle, had changed to be a kind of symbol of authority.
- 第二に、本判決は、撮影対象となる被疑者の同意や令状がなくても、写真撮影が適法とされる余地を明確に認めた(そして、本件写真撮影は適法であり、憲法35条に違反するものではないとした)。
- Second, the judgment allowed room clearly that photographing was not in violation of the Constitution, even if the photographs had been taken without the citizen's consent or a warrant issued by a judge (and the photographing in this case was not in violation of Article 35 of the Constitution).
- 気象庁によると、開花から満開(80%以上が咲いた状態)までの日数は、沖縄・奄美地方で約16日、九州から東海・関東地方では約7日、北陸・東北地方では約5日、北海道地方では約4日となる。
- According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, the approximate number of days between the time of 'flowering' and 'full bloom' (when over 80% of blossoms are in bloom) are 16 for the Okinawa and Amami regions, 7 for the areas between Kyushu and the Tokai/Kanto regions, 5 for the Hokuriku-Tohoku regions, and 4 for the Hokkaido region.
- - 今の中国の書物『循史伝』に「久之 宮中数有妖恠(妖怪) 王以問遂 遂以為有大憂 宮室将空」という記述があり、「人知を超えた奇怪な現象」という意味で、妖怪という言葉が使われている。
- In the current Chinese book, 'Junshiden,' it is stated, 'The specter (yokai) was in the Imperial Court for a long time. The King asked Tui the reason. He answered that there was a big anxiety and he recommended to empty the Imperial room,' and the word yokai is used to imply 'a bizarre phenomenon that's beyond human understanding.'
- 『金枝篇』に載せられている例でいえばヨーロッパのキリスト教以前の色を濃く留めている風習の一つで、収穫した穀物を使い人形状のパンまたはクッキー(人体の象徴)を作り、分割する祭礼がある。
- According to an example stated in 'Kinshihen,' there was a festival of making human-shaped bread or cookie (symbol of human body) using harvested cereals, and of dividing it, as one of very religious European customs before the Christianity.
- しかしながら江戸時代には贅沢を禁止したお触れが度々発令されており(武家や町人を対象にした「女中衣類直段之定」は寛文3年発令)、贅沢品の取締りから逃れるためという理由もあったといえる。
- However, in view of the fact instructions prohibiting extravagance were often issued during the Edo period ('Jochu irui jikidan no sadame,' which targeted samurai and chonin or town people, was issued during the third year of the Kanbun era), it may be said that these types of products were produced in order to evade the crackdown on luxury goods.
- 尚、本来悟りへ到るための智慧という側面の延長線上として、一般的な知恵(頭の良さや知識が優れること)の象徴ともなり、これが後に「三人寄れば文殊の智恵」ということわざを生むことになった。
- Moreover, developed from the original aspect of the wisdom to reach enlightenment, it became a symbol of wisdom in general (being smart and having much knowledge), which led to the proverb 'Two heads are better than one' in a later age.
- 冶金学的現象に対応した日本刀独自の名称が存在する事で、個別の刀の特徴を言い表す事が可能となり、文字による作風の伝承、異なる刀の比較考量、即物的な観賞を超えた学問的研究が可能となった。
- Existence of names which are unique to Japanese swords and associated with metallurgical phenomena makes description of the features of each sword possible, and transmission of work styles by letters, comparison, and consideration of different swords and academic research more than physical appreciation have also become possible.
- この神は、丁礼多・膩子多(ていれいた・にした)の2童子と共に三尊からなり、これは貪・瞋・癡の三毒煩悩の象徴とされ、衆生の煩悩身がそのまま本覚・法身の妙体であることを示しているという。
- This deity consisted of the two Doji ogres of Teireita and Nishita and the three deities which are regarded to symbolize the three kleshas that poison the heart of man and Bonno (earthly desires) of avarice, anger and stupidity and show that the living things' bodies of Bonno are the Myotai (妙体) of hongaku (original enlightenment) and Buddhism's highest form of existence.
- しかし、受験で過年度生しただけで式典参加が困難になる場合が多いうえ、前年に他市町村で成人式の対象とならなかった人が翌年、進学や転勤で札幌市に転入した場合、2年続けて参加できなくなった。
- However, besides cases where new adults could hardly participate in the ceremony unless they change their participation to the previous year because they are involved in taking examinations, there were also cases of new adults in other municipalities who were not subject to participation in the Seijin-shiki ceremony in the previous year who could not participate for two consecutive years when they moved to Sapporo City during the next year to proceed with their higher education or for being transferred.
- これが季節ごとに展示換えされるほか、これらのコレクションから受けた印象をもとに現代美術作家が制作を行い、展示を行う企画展や、来館者を相手にしたワークショップなども精力的に行われている。
- They not only put these on display in seasonal rotation, but they also work energetically to hold special exhibitions that display works created by artists of the present day who have been inspired by these collections, and to conduct workshops inviting visitors.
- 「盃を交わす」「盃を取らせる」といった表現があるように、日本文化の中では盃はたんに酒を飲む容器であるだけではなく、人間関係、名誉、格式などのさまざまな文化事象と関係した複雑な媒体である。
- As we see in expressions like 'exchanging sakazuki' and 'to give sakazuki,' in Japanese culture, sakazuki is not only a vessel used for drinking sake, but also a complicated medium that has a connection with various cultural factors such as human relations, honor, and formalities.
- 最近では、学校行事や総合的な学習の時間(総合学習)などで、20歳の半分の年齢である10歳(小学校4年生)を対象に1/2成人式(にぶんのいちせいじんしき)を開く小学校が全国的に増えている。
- Nowadays, the number of elementary schools using a school event or comprehensive learning period for holding the half Seijin-shiki ceremony for ten-year-old children (fourth-grade children) whose age is half of 20 years old is on the increase nationwide.
- 虚空蔵菩薩 (こくうぞうぼさつ)、サンスクリットアーカーシャ・ガルバ (Ākāśagarbha)またはガガナ・ガンシャ(Gaganagajja)は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Kokuzo Bosatsu is Ākāśagarbh or Gaganagajja in Sanskrit, and is a Bosatsu that is revered in Buddhism.
- 五輪塔は、上から宝珠形=空輪、半月形=風輪、三角形(または笠形、屋根形)=火輪、円形=水輪、方形=地輪によって構成され、古代インドにおいて宇宙の構成要素・元素と考えられた五大を象徴する。
- Gorinto consist of five rings which are symbolic of the elements of the universe in ancient India, or Godai (five elements) in Japanese: from the top to bottom, the Hoju shape (a lotus flower, Ku-rin = the ether ring), the crescent shape (Fu-rin = the air ring), the pyramid, or hat or roof shape (Ka-rin = the fire ring), the sphere shape (Sui-rin = the water ring), and the cube shape (Chi-rin = the earth ring).
- 御物(ぎょぶつ、皇室の私有品)および宮内庁(書陵部、三の丸尚蔵館、京都事務所、正倉院事務所)管理の文化財は文化財保護法による国宝、重要文化財、史跡、特別史跡等の指定の対象外となっている。
- Any Imperial property (that is, items privately owned by the Imperial house) or other cultural assets under the purview of the Imperial Household Agency (like those in the Imperial Household Archives, the Museum of the Imperial Collections, in their Kyoto Office, or in the Shosoin Office of the Imperial Household Agency) are excluded, under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, from consideration and cannot be designated national treasures, important cultural properties, historical landmarks, or special historical landmarks.
- 安土桃山時代以降、茶道の流行にしたがって、古筆が鑑賞の対象として愛好されるようになると、経巻や歌書・消息などの巻子本や冊子装からその一部を切り取って「古筆切」として収集することが流行した。
- After the Azuchi-Momoyama period, when ancient calligraphy came to be enjoyed for appreciation along with the popularity of Sado (Japanese tea ceremony), it became popular to cut out and collect a part of kansubon (books in scroll style) or sasshiso (books) such as scriptures, waka anthologies, and shosoku (letter) as 'kohitsugire' (samples of classical calligraphy).
- - いい印象、好ましいイメージ、目指したい姿像を表す言葉・概念「カワイイ」が、2005年頃、海外に広がりを見せる(他の国の例では、たとえばアメリカの同様の言葉・概念に「cool」がある)。
- The term or concept 'Kawaii' indicating a good impression, preferably an image or posture aimed at expanding to other countries in around 2005 (as an example in other countries, 'cool' has the same meaning or concept in the United States of America).
- 二箇相承は日興が日目に譲った大石寺ではなく、日興が晩年隠居した重須談所(現在の北山本門寺)に保管されていたとされる文書である上に、原本は現在では行方不明であるから論議の対象にすらならない。
- Nika Sojo cannot even be the subject of discussion because it was stored at Omosu-dansho (an institute established in Omosu for the purpose of educating disciples; currently Kitayama Honmon-ji Temple), where Nikko lived after retirement, not at Taiseki-ji Temple which Nikko had ceded to Nichimoku, and because its original document is now missing.
- 神として信仰の対象となる程の大天狗には名が付いており、愛宕山の太郎坊、鞍馬山の僧正坊(鞍馬天狗)、比良山の次郎坊の他、比叡山法性坊、英彦山豊前坊、富士山太郎坊、白峰山相模坊、等が知られる。
- The major Tengu that became objects of religion as gods have names, and famous ones include Tarobo of Mount Atago, Sojobo of Mount Kurama (Kurama Tengu) and Jirobo of Mount Hira, as well as Hoshobo of Mount Hiei, Buzenbo of Mount Ehiko, Tarobo of Mount Fuji and Sagamibo of Mount Shiramine.
- しかし天文現象をもって災祥を説く行為や国家・天皇を論難して百姓を妖惑する行為、禁書(兵法書など)の習読や殺人・姦盗などの行為に対しては強制的な還俗の上で改めて律令法による処分が加えられた。
- However, those who interpreted astronomical events as good or bad omens, who deceived farmers by criticizing the state or emperor, who studied forbidden books (like strategy books), or who committed murder, rape or theft were punished according to the ritsuryo code after they were forcefully laicized.
- これは本来伊達氏特有の現象ではなく、この地域の戦国大名家の洞は周辺部にある国人領主たちによる小規模な洞をいくつも包括していく中で自己の洞という形で大名領国を形成していったと考えられている。
- This was not particular to the Date clan, since Utsuro of the Sengoku daimyo families in this region are considered to have developed into daimyo ryokoku (territories ruled by daimyo) by integrating many small-sized Utsuro of Kokujin ryoshu in neighboring regions.
- 比較的、観光客の多い日中と異なり、夜の京都は地元や宿泊客などの一部に知られるものの、寺社のほとんどは拝観時間の制限もあり、繁華街を除けば東山周辺の小路などが散策の対象になることは少なかった。
- Though Kyoto at night have been known by some people such as local people and hotel guests, different from the daytime with relatively high number of tourists, a narrow path in and around Higashiyama had never been a place to walk except downtown areas, partly because of the limit of opening hours of most temples and shrines.
- 刹那無常とは、現象は一刹那一瞬に生滅するこというすがたを指し、相続無常とは、人が死んだり、草木が枯れたり、水が蒸発したりするような生滅の過程のすがたを見る場合を指していうと、説明されている。
- Momentary impermanence pointed out the form of one disappearing as setsuna (a moment or instant) and instance, and continuous impermanence indicated the life and death processes of humans dying, plants withering, and water evaporating.
- 分析に用いられた残留脂肪酸分析法は現在では信頼性が疑問視されているため、確実性には乏しいものの、縄文時代にはイノシシやシカが主要な狩猟対象となっていることから、可能性はあると考えられている。
- At present, questioning and lacking the credibility of the analysis of residual fatty acid used for analyzing the carbonized materials, there still exists the possibility that the 'Jomon cookie' was a kind of hamburger because wild bores and deer were major targets for hunting during the Jomon period.
- 英国への帰国後1897年に発表された論文「The Dolmens and Mounds in Japan」の対象となった古墳(名称は記されていない)は現在ウワナベ古墳であると比定されている。
- After returning to the United Kingdom in 1897, he published a monograph, 'The Dolmens and Mounds in Japan,' in which he referred to a certain tumulus (of which the name was not mentioned), but now the tumulus he mentioned has been analogically considered as the Uwanabe-kofun Tumulus.
- 登録されるにあたり、当該文化財が所在国の法律によって保護の対象となっていることが条件であることから、正倉院の建物も、正倉院正倉として1997年5月19日、文化財保護法による国宝に指定された。
- One of the conditions for the listing of cultural sites is that they must be protected by the law of the country in which they are located, so on May 19, 1997 the Shosoin building was designated as a national treasure regulated by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, under the name of 'Shosoin Shoso.'
- ただし、多くの宗派では、信仰における生活上で、もし悪い事象が起こるならば、それは自らの“業”や“因果応報”によるものであり、先の法華経の経文も誹謗してはならないという誡めであると解釈される。
- In addition, according to the interpretation of many sects, Butsubachi is a warning that the bad things in religious life are caused by one's own 'karma' and 'Inga Oho' and that the Hokke-kyo Sutra must not be libeled.
- そのため、事前に予測可能な現象は予報を出してこの日に国家行事などを行う事を避け、突発的な現象に対しては、天文現象を観測してその意味を占いによって解釈して支配者に報告して対策を練る必要があった。
- Therefore, advance warning was given for predictable phenomena, so that these days could be avoided when holding national events, while unforeseen incidents needed to be observed, interpreted by divination and reported to the rulers so that they could respond appropriately.
- 葺石の存在や、高度な石組み技術で胴張り型石室が形作られている点、副葬された鉄地銀象嵌鞘尻金具などから、先進的な畿内の政権と密接な繋がりを持つ、武蔵国の有力な在地勢力が造営したものと見られている。
- Judging from the presence of the paved stones, the construction of the drum-shaped stone chambers through the advanced stone-building technique, and the iron chape with silver inlays among the burial articles, we may assume that it was constructed by an important local power in Musashi Province who had a close connection with the progressive Kinai government.
- 安置形態としては、寺院の入口の門の両脇に安置される場合、本尊の周辺や仏壇の周囲に安置される場合などさまざまであり、毘沙門天、弁才天などは堂の本尊として安置され、崇敬の対象となっている場合もある。
- These deities are enshrined in various places, for example at both sides of a temple's entrance gate, nearby Honzon (principal image of Buddha) or around Butsudan (Buddhist altar) but in the case of Bishamonten and Benzaiten, they are often enshrined as Honzon and are the target of worship.
- 瓜生山は南北朝時代 (日本)の延文6年/正平 (日本)(1361年)以来、勝軍地蔵堂が設置(江戸時代の宝暦12年(1762年)に麓の現在地(北白川瓜生山町)に移転)されて信仰の対象とされていた。
- Uryu-yama Mountain has been worshiped since 1361 in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, when Shogunzizo-do Hall was built, and the hall was moved to the present site (Uryuzan-cho, Kitashirakawa) in 1762 in the Edo period.
- また、明治時代に東京で起きたとされる、某・旧省庁内における「平将門の『首塚(くびづか)』移転などにまつわる数々の祟り」など、怨霊に関する、不特定多数の人間によって確認されたとされる現象もあった。
- Also, there were also phenomenon reportedly witnessed by an unspecified number of people in connection with onryo ghosts such as the reported happenings in Tokyo during the Meiji Period in connection with the transfer of 'a tomb for the head' of TAIRA no Masakado inside an old undisclosed ministry and related curses.
- 続いて擬文章生及び蔭位の対象者、宣旨などで特に許された者に対して式部省が直接行う省試にて詩賦を課し、それに合格することにより初めて文章生になった(記録では極稀に文章得業生に抜擢された例もある)。
- Following this, gimonjosho, those who enjoyed On I (the automatic promotion of persons at the age of 21, whose parents are from the Imperial Prince to the fifth rank, or whose grandparents are above upper third rank) and those who were given permission by imperial decree would take Shoshi (an examination held by Shikibusho for determining whether applicants are employable) on poetry, which was held directly by the Shikibu sho (the Ministry of Ceremonial) and those who passed this examination became monjosho (a record shows that in exceptional cases, students were promoted to monjo tokugosho).
- 桜の木は日本全国に広く見られその花は春の一時期にある地域で一斉に咲き、わずか2週間足らずという短い期間で散るため毎年人々に強い印象を残し、日本人の春に対する季節感を形成する重要な風物となっている。
- Cherry trees are seen all over Japan, and since cherry trees in the same region blossom at the same time during Spring and the flowers fall in a short time, often only lasting around two week, the cherry blossoms are very impressive and are seen as an important seasonal symbol for Japanese people and harbingers of Spring.
- 他に札幌市の場合、1998年まではその年に20歳の誕生日を迎える人(例:1998年の場合は1978年の1月から12月までに生まれた人が参加可能)を成人式参加の対象者とする暦年方式が用いられていた。
- In addition, Sapporo City adopted the calendar year method until 1998, in which people who became 20 years old on their birthdays during the year were subject to participation in the Seijin-shiki ceremony (e.g., in the case of Seijin-shiki ceremony held in 1998, people whose birthdays ranged from January to December 1978 could participate).
- インドのヒンドゥー教(大黒・毘沙門・弁才)、中国の仏教(布袋)、道教(福禄寿・寿老人)、日本の土着信仰(恵比寿・大国主)が入り混じって形成された、神仏習合からなる、いかにも日本的な信仰対象である。
- It is a typical Japanese object to believe in, which is syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism, with Hinduism in India (Daikoku, Bishamon and Benzai), Chinese Buddhism (Hotei) and Taoism (Fukurokuju and Jurojin), and indigenous belief in Japan (Ebisu and Okuninushi) mixed.
- 開館当初は動態保存が原則であり、C53形45号機とC51形239号機の2両を省き15両に車籍があったが、その後保存対象車両の見直しが何度か行われ2006年現在、動態保存機は7形式7両となっている。
- When this museum opened, there was a rule that locomotives should be preserved in working conditions. In fact, 15 locomotives excluding the two (Class C53 #45 and Class C51 #239) were registered for operation. However, the scope of locomotives to be preserved has been reconsidered several times since then. As of 2006, 7 locomotives of 7 different classes are preserved in working conditions.
- 記録に海浜・荒磯・島など海景描写の多いことは日本庭園形成の基幹を位置付けるものとして重要で海からはるかに遠い山国にあっても海景とくに瀬戸内海の美しい風景はこのころから追憶、あこがれの対象であった。
- It is significant that there are many portrayals of sea scenery such as; the seashore, the rough shoreline, and an islan, in records to evaluate it as a nucleus to form Nihon teien, and even in mountainous areas far removed from the sea, ocean scenery, especially from that of the Seto Inland Sea, was an object of remembrance and adoration since that time.
- そのため『中辺義鏡』の批判対象としては、書名のみ残っている最澄の著書『一乗義集』ではないかとする説、もしくは道忠教団によって書かれたと思われる『天台法華義』とでも称すべき書であったとする説がある。
- Thus, one theory says that the focus of criticism in 'Chuhen gikyo' was 'Ichijogishu' by Saicho which is known only by the name, while the other theory says that the focus was the book which should be named as 'Tendai-Hokke gi' (teachings of Tendai-Hokke sect) which is considered to have been written by Dochu sect.
- 涅槃は死後に別世界にて生まれ変わる現象とは根本的に意味合いが異なり、仏専用の別世界が用意されている訳ではなく、釈迦に代表されるように、仏として目覚めた後も死亡(入滅)までは従来の世界で暮らし続ける。
- Nirvana is a fundamentally different notion from the phenomenon of posthumous transmigration and as represented by Shaka, human beings can live in the same world as before until their death even after awakening to Buddha since no special world is prepared for Buddha.
- 購入を通じては、古書・古典籍など納本の対象とならないものや、百科事典、辞典、生活暦など参考図書としてきわめて利用の多い資料の複本、そして学術研究に有用であると判断され選択された外国資料が収集される。
- Old books, rare books, old materials that do not fall into the category of deposits, duplicates of frequently used materials as reference books such as encyclopedias, dictionaries, almanacs, etc., and foreign materials that have been designated as useful materials for academic studies are acquired by purchase.
- またこれと平行して庭園の研究を開始した重森三玲は、全国に現存する庭園を実測し、また昭和に入ってからは寺院に多くの枯山水の庭園をつくり、寺院における自然主義的な庭園を批判して象徴的な庭園を打ち立てた。
- Mirei SHIGEMORI, who started to research gardens alongside this movement, measured gardens remaining in the whole country, and when entering Showa period, produced many karesansui gardens, and criticized naturalistic gardens existing within temples and revived symbolic gardens.
- 真言宗、天台宗等の大規模寺院は修行の場であるため山間部にあり、また、女人禁制で有るため、このような稚児はいわば「男性社会における女性的な存在」となり、しばしば男色の対象とされた(但し上稚児は対象外)。
- Because the large-scale temples of the Shingon and Tendai sects of Buddhism for practicing asceticism were located in the mountains and closed to women, these chigo were often involved in homosexual relationships as 'a female role in a male society' (except for the upper chigo).
- このシステムがたとえば、かつて「色のついた酒は減点」といった評価基準から、色も旨味も抜けるだけ抜いた酒ばかり造られた日本酒の歴史淡麗辛口ブームの原因であるとして、批判の対象としている酒類評論家も多い。
- Many liquor critics criticize the scoring system, having an evaluation criterion such as 'deducting points when the sake is colored,' for having brought about the 'tanrei karakuchi' (light, dry, crisp style) sake boom during which sake products with less and less colors and flavors were produced.
- 即位の際に天皇が着座し、その即位が象徴的に示される天皇の正式な御座所である高御座は京都御所の紫宸殿にあるため、今上天皇の即位の礼「正殿の儀」(「紫宸殿の儀」に相当)に際しては皇居宮殿に一時移設された。
- Takamikura, a formal imperial chamber used at the enthronement ceremony in which an Emperor seats himself to symbolically represent his Imperial Throne, is located in Shishinden in Kyoto Gosho, and thus, at the time of the Ceremony of Enthronement 'Seiden no Gi' for the current Emperor (corresponding to 'Shishinden no Gi') the Takamikura was temporarily relocated to the Imperial Palace in Tokyo.
- 自然に存在する数多くの山や川、滝などのなかから特徴的な姿の抽象的表現を極限までつきつめると、石1つで山1つあるいは風景全体ひいては全宇宙を表すとされる盆石や水墨画などと同様に抽象美術としてみなされる。
- When thoroughly investigated the abstract representations of natural features such as mountains, rivers, and waterfalls, there may be one stone that represents a mountain, or scenery as a whole that represents the entire universe, so this is an abstract art similar to miniature landscapes on a tray, or a watery ink painting.
- もっとも無量寿経仏説無量寿経では五逆(父か母か僧の殺害、仏の身体への傷害、教団内の対立惹起、のいずれか)の罪を犯した者と正法を謗る者は四十八願第十八願による救済の対象から除かれることが明記されている。
- However, in Muryoju-kyo Bussetu Muryoju-kyo Sutra there is a description that a person who commits gogyaku (the five heinous deeds, a murder of father, mother, or priest, to hurt the body of Buddha, or to bring a conflict in the religious group) and a person who libels the True Dharma are excepted from the relief of the eighteenth vow among forty-eight vows.
- 織田信長に始まったともいわれる城の象徴である天守は、関ヶ原の合戦前後に築城の最盛期を迎えるが、江戸幕府の一国一城令による破却で城郭の数は減少するとともに、武家諸法度により新たな築城や増改築は禁止された。
- Castle towers, the symbolic representation of the respective castles, are said to have been brought into existence by Nobunaga ODA, and reached the peak of their popularity around the Battle of Sekigahara, but as the number of castles decreased with implementation of the Ikkoku Ichijo Rei (Law of One Castle per Province) by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), a ban was also imposed on construction of new castles and extension and reconstruction of the existing castles according to Buke shohatto(Acts for the Military Houses).
- 古社寺保存法はその名のとおり社寺所有の建造物および宝物をその対象としており、同法による国宝および特別保護建造物の指定は保存修理等のために国庫から保存金を支出すべき物件のリスト化という意味合いが強かった。
- As suggested by its name, the Law for Preservation of Old Shrines and Temples protected all the constructions and treasures belonging to a targeted shrine or temple, and therefore the national treasures and buildings under special protection designated under the same law might request expenditures from the National Treasury for preservation and repair purposes; this law called for the compilation of a list of candidate properties.
- ところが、江戸時代後期に勃興した国学の中には、神霊の憑依などの霊的現象を淫祠邪教として否定的に捉える学説が現れるようになり、そのような民間習俗と結びつきやすい巫女そのものに対しても否定的な動きが出始めた。
- However, some Kokugaku (study of ancient Japanese literature and culture) theories that rose to prominence in the late Edo period asserted that any spiritual phenomenon including shinrei no hyoi (spirit possession) should be considered as inshi jakyo (evil heresies), which led to a negative campaign against shrine maidens themselves, who tended to be linked with such folkways.
- 初期の頃は物見櫓・司令塔・攻城戦の最終防御設備としての要素が強かったが、織田信長の近畿地方平定の頃からは遠方からでも見望できる華麗な権力を象徴する建造物という色彩が濃くなっていったものとも考えられている。
- It is considered that, early on, Tenshu featured the functions of Monomi-Yagura turret, control tower, and the final protective stronghold, but, from around the time of suppression of the Kinki region by Nobunaga ODA, Tenshu gradually came to be a structure symbolic of strong power which could be seen from a distance.
- 源満仲は、安和の変などの印象から、藤原氏本流に臣従していたイメージが強いが、天皇を始めとして臣、公卿などに必要に応じて起用されていた、つまり支配階級全体に奉仕する傭兵部隊としての色彩がここから感じられる。
- There was an impression that MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka served under the main branch of the Fujiwara clan since the Anna Incident, but it could be interpreted from this that mercenary army that served all ranked ruling people was mobilized as needed by the emperor, minister, and kugyo (court noble).
- 千手観音(せんじゅかんのん)、サンスクリットサハスラブジャ・アーリヤ・アヴァローキテーシュヴァラ(sahasrabhuja aaryaavalokitezvara)は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
- Senju Kannon, sahasrabhuja aaryaavalokitezvara in Sanskrit, is a venerable entity of Bosatsu, Bodhisattva, which is worshipped in Buddhism.
- 愛染明王は一面六臂で他の明王と同じく忿怒相であり、頭にはどのような苦難にも挫折しない強さを象徴する獅子の冠をかぶり、叡知を収めた宝瓶の上に咲いたハスの華の上に結跏趺坐で座るという、大変特徴ある姿をしている。
- Aizen Myoo has one face and six arms with Funnu-so (an angry expression found on Buddhist images just like other Myoos), and it has highly distinctive features such as a lion's crown, which symbolizes the strength to bear any problem, as well as a seated lotus position on a lotus flower blossoms in a hobyo (a flower vase), which is filled with wisdom.
- やがて晩唐に撰述された偽経である『閻羅王授記四衆逆修生七往生浄土経』(略して『預修十王生七経』)により十王信仰と結び付けられ、地獄の裁判官の一人として「人が死ぬと裁く」という役割を担い、信仰の対象となった。
- Eventually, he was linked to the faith of Juo (Ten Kings) by the bogus sutra called 'Enra-o-juki Shishu Gyakushu Shoshichiojo Jodo-kyo Sutra' (abbreviated as 'Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra, Yuxiu Shiwang Shengdijing Sutra'), which was compiled in the era of the late Tang dynasty and became the object of faith as one of the judges of Hell, whose role was to judge persons after death.
- このうち国際子ども図書館は、納本制度によって国会図書館に集められた日本国内の出版物や購入・国際交換によりもたらされた日本国外の出版物のうち、18歳未満を読者の主たる対象とする資料の保存・提供を分担している。
- Among them, the International Library of Children's Literature is in charge of the preservation and provision of materials primarily targeting readers under 18 years of age, out of the materials published in Japan that have been acquired by the National Library based on the Legal Deposit System, as well as the materials published outside Japan that have been brought to the National Library via purchase and international exchanges.
- 川・堀の水路網と蔵は江戸を象徴する町並の特徴であり、蔵造りの町並が残された川越市、栃木市、佐原市などの関東地方の河港都市は、江戸に似た構造という点や江戸と交流が深かったという点から「小江戸」と呼ばれている。
- Channel networks of rivers and moats and kura (the earthen-walled storehouses) characterized the Edo cityscape, and those river port cities in the Kanto area where the kura cityscape have survived such as Kawagoe, Tochigi, and Sawara are called 'small Edo' for their architectural resemblance to Edo and the fact that these cities were actively traded with Edo.
- なお王陽明の「心即理」は基本的に陸象山のそれをトレースしたものであるが、陸が心に天理・人欲という区別を立てなかったのに対し、王陽明は朱子と同様「天理を存し人欲を去る」という倫理実践原理を持っていた点は異なる。
- Shin soku ri' (literaly, mind is nothing but ri) as advocated by Wang Yangming is basically a copy of Lu Hsiang-shan's idea, the only difference being that Lu Hsiang-shan did not divide one's mind into Tenri and Jinyoku but Wang Yangming, like Zhu Xi, believed in the 'awareness of the heavenly principal (tenri) expels human desires'.
- だが中国の銅の生産能力は決して高いとは言えない上に、経済の急速な発展から銅銭の需要が銅銭発行量を上回るペースで高まったために、結果的には市中に流通する銅銭が慢性的に不足すると言う銭荒現象が生じるようになった。
- However, since Chinese copper production capacity was not high enough and a demand for copper coins increased at a pace surpassing the amount of copper coins issued due to rapid economic development, a phenomenon called senko that the quantity of circulating copper coins was chronically short occurred.
- 第3回京都学生祭典のコンセプト「イベントからまつりへ」のもと、まつりを象徴するおどりの導入が検討されるようになり、京都学生祭典実行委員会と京都学生祭典事務局、有識者などで構成されるプロジェクトチームが発足した。
- Since the concept of the third Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa was 'From Event To Festival', the idea of introducing a dance to symbolize the festival was discussed and a project team was formed with people from the Executive Committee of Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa and Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa Administration Office, and other key figures.
- これらは、寺院創建当初の古代にあって本尊仏を祀った建物を「金堂」とし、時代の変遷のなかで信仰対象の中心がかわり、のちに当該寺院の中心的な施設となった建物を「本堂」と称して、両者を使い分けるようになったものである。
- These temples use 'Kondo' for the building in which the main object of worship was enshrined when it was founded in the ancient times, but they use 'Hondo' for the building that later became the main building of the temple due to the change in the object of worship over time.
- 例えば、雅楽の演奏の時には殆ど化粧しない東儀秀樹が写真集の中で歌舞伎舞踊と同様の舞台化粧で登場する、元々厚化粧の印象が強い浜崎あゆみもデジタルカメラの広告で更に厚化粧になる、と言うようなケースは枚挙にいとまが無い。
- Hideki TOGI, for example, who hardly ever puts on any makeup during his performances in gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music), appeared in a photo book wearing stage makeup similar to what is used in Kabuki Buyo, and Ayumi HAMASAKI, who already gives a strong impression of wearing atsugesho, puts on even heavier atsugesho in advertisements for digital cameras and other similar cases too numerous to mention.
- また、日本酒に限って言えば、従来の愛好者は「味にうるさく」「気難しい」「こわいオジサン」という偏見をもたれがちであったために、新規参入しようかと考える若者にとって、畏怖から忌避の対象となっている側面があると思われる。
- In addition, in so far as sake, it seems that young people who newly drank alcoholic beverages tend to avoid sake with awe because conventional devotees tended to be seen with a bias as 'people with a dainty tooth,' 'stubborn,' and 'awful middle-aged men.'
- つくば科学万博においてポルトガル館で展示された「スリランカの火縄銃」は、日本製の銃に現地好みの木象嵌を銃床に施した「輸出仕様の堺筒」であるとの見方が日本の古銃研究家の間から出されており、この説を裏付ける資料とされる。
- Japanese old gun researchers say that 'matchlock guns in Sri Lanka' exhibited in the Portugal Pavilion of Tsukuba EXPO was 'Sakai tsutsu (hinawaju made in Sakai) for export' which was a Japanese gun that had a gunstock decorated with marquetry, the locals' favorite, which is considered as historical material supporting the theory.
- いっぽう、百済王の仏像贈与・上表文などは象徴的事件に過ぎず、実際には仏教の伝来自体は公伝・私伝の区別無くこの時期に断続的に何度も行われたとみて、公伝の年次をいずれかに確定することにそれほど意義を見出さない論者もいる。
- On the other hand, other people say that it is not so important to define any official introduction year among various theories, because the gifts of Buddha statue and Johyobun of the Baekje King were only a symbolic incident and the Buddhism itself was intermittently introduced many times without regard to the distinction between official or nonofficial.
- なお藪内家を象徴する茶室である燕庵は、相伝を受けた者に限り絶対忠実に写すことを許され、また家元で失なわれた際には最も古い写しが家元に寄付されるという定めがあり、このとき摂津有馬にあった写しが移築されて現在に伝わっている。
- Only the successor is permitted to copy Ennan, the tea room which is the symbol of the Yabunouchi family, and only if it is copied absolutely identically, and if the original room at the head of the school is lost, the oldest copy must be donated to the head; the current building was a copy which was located in Settsu-Arima and transferred to the current location.
- 「全身黒の衣装」「その中には鎖帷子を纏い、顔には墨を塗っている」「背中に刀」「夜陰に紛れて敵地に侵入する」という印象で描かれることが多いが、黒は夜に像が浮いて見えることから、紺色もしくは柿色の衣装を使用していたとされる。
- They are often described as 'dressed in solid black', 'wearing kusari-katabira (chain woven protective wear) inside and paint their face with black ink', 'carrying a sword on the back' or 'break into the enemy territory under cover of darkness', but a figure in black costume can be seen in the night, thus it is considered that their costume was dark blue or persimmon color.
- また、以上に属する僧侶・門徒を代表して、真宗本廟の宗祖親鸞聖人真影の御給仕並びに仏祖崇敬の任に当たり、同朋とともに真宗の教法を聞信する宗派の象徴的地位として門首が置かれている(現在の門首は、第25世の浄如〈大谷暢顕〉)。
- Additionally, as a representative of priests and lay followers in the above organizations, Monshu, the Hongwan-ji-ha head priest, has been assigned and has been in charge of guarding the picture of Shinran, the founder of the sect, at Shinshu Hombyo, and reveres Buddha as a symbol of the sect, which believes the Shinshu sect teachings with other Doho (the present Monshu is the twenty-fifth Jonyo, Choken OTANI).
- 納本の対象となる出版物は、図書、小冊子、逐次刊行物(雑誌や新聞、年鑑)、楽譜、地図、マイクロフィルム資料、点字資料およびCD-ROM、DVDなどパッケージで頒布される電子出版物(音楽CDやゲームソフトも含む)などである。
- The applicable publications include books, pamphlets, serials (magazines, newspapers and periodicals), musical scores, maps, microfilm materials, materials published in Braille, and electronic publications distributed in formats such as CD-ROM, DVD, etc. (including music CDs and gaming software).
- つまり、実際には、榎本に好印象を持った出先の英仏軍艦艦長が、本国の意向を無視して勝手に書いた覚書でしかなかったのである(事前に英公使ハリー・パークスが与えた訓令では、上記のような用語の使用を慎重に避けていたのにも関わらず)。
- That means, it was actually nothing but a mamorandam made freely by the captains of the British and French warshipsl, who had a good impression on Enomoto and ignored the intention of their countries (although the use of the terms as above was carefully avoided in the directive made by the British Minister Harry Parkes.)
- 戦後初期の第一線の中世史の研究者が「武士」を問題とするとき、その対象は鎌倉幕府成立の基盤としてとらえられた「武士団」であり、それが中世的な在地支配の形態とセットで、「中世の成立」と不可分なものとして研究されてきた経緯がある。
- The front running historian specialized in medieval history immediately after World War II considered 'bushi' as 'bushidan' when studying 'bushi' since bushidan formed the basis of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and paired it with the form of medieval estate control as something crucial for the 'formation of the medieval era.'
- なお、一部のジェンダーフリー論者からは、鯉のぼりが封建的な家制度の象徴だとして批判されるケースもあり、男女共同参画社会づくりの一環として鯉のぼりを家庭内の身分を想起させないよう縦ではなく横につるすように指導した自治体もあった。
- Also, there has been a case in which certain gender-free debaters criticized koi-nobori as a symbol of the feudalistic family system, so some autonomous bodies have instructed that koi-nobori should be hung up horizontally instead of vertically so as not to recall rank within the family, thus encouraging a society of gender equality.
- 日本では偏袒右肩で衣をまとって施無畏印・与願印か説法印を結んだ釈迦如来(しゃかにょらい)を中尊として、脇侍(きょうじ、わきじ)として左に騎獅の文殊菩薩(もんじゅぼさつ)、右に乗象の普賢菩薩(ふげんぼさつ)を配置するのが一般的。
- In Japan, this style normally installs Shakanyorai with a robe worn with the right shoulder exposed with Semu-in, Yogan-in or Seppo-in as the Chuson (center) with Monju Bosatsu riding on a lion to the left and Fugen Bosatsu riding an elephant to the left (as attendant figures).
- 聖武天皇が奈良に東大寺を建て、毘盧舎那仏(奈良の大仏)を建立して国の象徴として建設にあたる時、天平勝宝元年(749年)に、これを助ける為に、宇佐八幡神は、屋根に金色の鳳凰が輝く天皇の乗り物(鳳輩)に乗って奈良の都へと都御した。
- When Emperor Shomu had Todai-ji Temple built and had the statue of Birushanabutsu (the Great Buddha of Nara Prefecture) erected as the national symbol, in 749 to support this undertaking, Usahachiman-shin visited the capitol city of Nara riding a vehicle of emperor (an otori ren-shaped vehicle) with a glittering golden mythical Firebird Goddess on its roof.
- すなわちそれが垂孤の法則(天は本来平面であるが、見た目には観察者の頭上を中心に東西南北に垂れ下がり、あたかも半円のように見える)と縮象の法則(頭上に近いあたりは広く、地面に近いあたりは狭く見える錯覚を起こす)という主張である。
- That is to say, he explained the two laws; Law of Suiko (although the sky is originally flat, from the eyes of an observer, it looks as though it hung down in four directions with the space above the observer as the center, and it also looks like a semicircle); and the Law of Shukusho (the observer has an illusion that the area near his/her head looks spacious and the area near the ground looks narrow).
- 後年になると孔雀明王は毒を持つ生物を食べる=人間の煩悩の象徴である三毒(貪り・嗔り・痴行)を喰らって仏道に成就せしめる功徳がある仏という解釈が一般的になり、魔を喰らうことから大護摩に際して除魔法に孔雀明王の真言を唱える宗派も多い。
- Later on, the interpretation that Kujaku Myoo performs the pious act of accomplishing Buddhism by eating poisonous living matter, in other words by eating the three kleshas that poison the heart of man (desire, ill will and ignorance), which symbolize the bonno (earthly desires) of human beings that had become prevalent; there are many sects that chant Shingon (mantra) of Kujaku Myoo at the rite as a charm against evil spirits.
- 国際子ども図書館は国立国会図書館の蔵書のうち児童書(主に18歳未満を対象とする図書館資料)を分担して所蔵する児童書のナショナルセンターとして位置付けられ、2000年(平成12年)に部分開館、2002年(平成14年)に全面開館した。
- The International Library of Children's Literature, positioned as a national center for children's literature in charge of storing children's literature (library materials primarily targeting readers under 18 years of age) among the collection of books housed in the NDL, was partly opened in 2000 and was fully opened in 2002.
- 1910年の改正競馬規程によって公認競馬以外の競馬は産牛馬組合またはまたは馬匹の改良増殖を目的とする団体が地方長官の許可を得なければ行うことはできないとされた際も、地域の娯楽のために行われる祭典競馬については規制対象から除外された。
- With the Rules and Regulations of Horse Racing revised in 1910, it was stipulated that races other than officially permitted ones could not take place unless permission of local governors was given to Sangyuba Kumiai (Union of horses and cattle) or organizations of which purpose was to improve the breeding or increase horses, however, saiten keiba as a local entertainment was omitted from such restrictions.
- 年末12月31日公開の正月映画として、金森万象監督の『青春の悲歌』を「成子不二館」に、おなじく金森監督の『祇園情話 蕾のまゝ』と後藤秋声監督の『男が妻を選ぶ時』の2本立て番組を復興後の浅草に建った「浅草オペラ館」にきっちり供給した。
- As New Year's movies to be released on the New Year's Eve, the company distributed 'Seishun no Hika'(Elegy of Adolescence) directed by Bansho KANAMORI to the Narukofuji-kan theater and also went as far as to distribute a double feature of 'Gion Jowa Tsubomi no Mama'(Love story in Gion, a budding woman) also directed by Kanamori and 'Otoko ga Tsuma wo Erabutoki' (When a man choose his wife) directed by Shusei GOTO to the 'Asakusa Opera-kan Theater' which had been built after reconstruction of Asakusa area.
- これによって、これまで、宗祖親鸞聖人以来の本願寺の法統を伝承する師主(指導者)という位置付けであった「法主」を廃し、権限を有しない宗派統合の象徴という位置付けの「門首」を新たに設け、光暢をスライド就任させた(光暢本人は就任を拒否)。
- Following the new constitution, the reformist group abolished the position of 'Hossu,' effectively the Shishu (leader) who had passed down the tradition of Buddhism particular to Hongan-ji Temple since its establishment by the founder of the sect, Shinran Shonin, and instead established a new position of 'Monshu' (chief priest), which was regarded as a symbol of integration between sects and which lacked authority, and attempted to install Kocho OTANI in the position, however Kocho rejected the promotion.
- 後世に天台宗の方が興隆していったため、三一権実諍論全体としては、新興宗派の総帥である最澄が、古い法相宗を代表する徳一を退けたという印象が残るが、実際には当時においては法相宗の方が主流派に属していたのであり、最澄はむしろ挑戦者であった。
- Later, the Tendai sect flourished more than the Nanto rokushu and thus as for the whole Sanichigonjitsu no soron, it seems that Saicho, who was the leader of an emerging sect, excelled Tokuitsu who was representative of old Hosso sect of Buddhism, but in fact, it was Hosso sect of Buddhism which belonged to the mainstream at the time and thus Saicho was more a challenger.
- 村がひとつの工業団地的性格を持ち、銃身等主要部分を作る鍛冶のほかに、銃床を作る「台師」、「からくり」と呼ばれる機関部や各種の金属部品それに銃身や地板(機関部基板)等に施す装飾の象嵌等にそれぞれの専門職人が居り、分業体制がとられていた。
- The entire village operated in a manner similar to an industrial estate, with craftsmen all specializing in a particular facet of firearm production such as those who manufactured important components such as the barrels, others known as 'taishi' who crafted the stocks, and those called 'karakuri' who made the mechanical parts and various metal components as well as the decoration and inlaying that was applied to the barrel and base plate.
- これは他の分野でも同様の現象が起きており、やがて特定の博士家が博士の職を世襲するために、家説を秘伝化・神秘化しながらこれに権威性と絶対性を与えていくことによって、学術そのものを氏族内部のみで世襲化する「家学」へと発展させることとなる。
- The same phenomena took place in other fields, and in order to take up the position of hakase by heredityparticular hakase families developed the learning itself into 'kagaku' inherited within the clan by making their family's theory esoteric and mystified, and by giving it authority and unequivocalness.
- 当初は12月8日 (旧暦)(1868年1月2日)を予定していたが、公議政体派である土佐藩の後藤象二郎から12月10日 (旧暦)(1868年1月4日)を要請され、やむなく1日遅らせて12月9日(1868年1月3日)に決行することで決した。
- Although the original D-day was set for January 2, 1868, Shojiro GOTO of Tosa Domain - on the side of the parliamentary regime - requested January 4, thus they made a compromise and postponed one day to January 3, 1868.
- 上記の稚児は、古典、近代、等、数多くの文学作品に登場、これらの中でも、繊細、優美、典雅、清楚、可憐、脆弱、等、妙齢の女性と同様の耽美的描写が行われる場合が多い一方、幼さゆえの場違いな発言で僧侶の失笑を買う、等、笑いの対象になる場合もある。
- The chigo mentioned above appeared in many of the classic and modern literature, and they were described as well as young ladies by the words such as sensitive, elegant, graceful, neat and clean, pretty, and fragile, while their comic remarks made by their innocence were met with priests' contemptuous laughter.
- 明治維新後、鷹狩は大名特権から自由化され、明治25年の「狩猟規則」及び明治28年の「狩猟法」で9年間免許制の下に置かれたが、明治34年の改正「狩猟法」以後、狩猟対象鳥獣種・数と狩猟期間・場所の一般規制のみを受ける自由猟法として今日に至る。
- After Meiji Restoration, Taka-gari was liberalized from the privilege of daimyo and came under control of a licensing system for nine years by 'Shuryo-kisoku (game law)' in 1892 and 'Shuryo-ho (Game Act)' in 1895, and after a revision of 'Shuryo-ho' 1901, Taka-gari has been liberalized except for the kinds and numbers of birds for hunting and the time and place for it.
- 蕎麦食いの講釈をとうとうと垂れ、薬味のワサビの辛さに涙しつつやせ我慢で耐えて蕎麦を呑み込む迷亭のいささか俗物的な面も否めない粋へのこだわりぶりに比べ、胃弱症の苦沙弥先生が「うどん好き」であることで、うどんの印象は相対的に冴えないものとなる。
- Meitei eloquently lectured on the art of soba eating and swallowed soba with a condiment of hot wasabi, tears his eyes, adhering to his idea of stylishness which seemed a bit like snobbish affectation, but compared with Meitei's being a passionate stickler about soba, the impression of udon, with the dyspeptic Kushami Sensei being the 'udon lover,' seems relatively unexciting.
- 太平洋戦争勃発後、無尽会社は戦時統合の対象とされ、都道府県別に1社に「強制的に合併させられた」と第二地方銀行協会は記念誌で主張しているが、これは、陸上交通事業調整法のような直接的法律に基づき行なわれた明確な処分ではないので、実態は未詳である。
- After the Pacific War broke out, Mujin companies became the target of wartime integration and a Second Association of Regional Banks asserted in an anniversary magazine that they were 'forced to merge' into one company per prefecture, but this was not a clear disposition performed based on direct law like the Land Transportation Business Coordination Act, therefore, actual conditions are not known.
- 望まれて抜擢されるという意味の「白羽の矢が立つ」とは、元は「神や物の怪の生け贄となる娘の選択の明示として、その娘の家の屋根に矢が立つ(刺さる)」という、日本各地で伝承される話から来ており、本来は良い意味ではなく、心霊現象としての弓矢を現してる。
- The phrase 'shiraha no ya ga tatsu' which means to be selected among people originates from the tale which has been transmitted in various parts of Japan, that is, 'an arrow is shot as a sign on the roof of the house of which daughter becomes a victim of god or a monster,' so that it does not have a good meaning originally and shows the spiritual aspect of Yumiya.
- その組織力や情報の得やすさなどから、室町時代には、一揆の中心にもなり、正長の土一揆や嘉吉の徳政一揆などが知られているが、後者では一揆の攻撃対象となった比叡山延暦寺の保護を受けていた近江国の馬借が一揆から離反して、馬借勢力そのものが分裂している。
- In the Muromachi Period because of its organizational power and the ease-of-getting information the Bashaku played the central role at the riots in which the Tsuchi-ikki in Shocho era and the Tokusei-ikki in Kakitsu era were famous for, and in the latter the Bashaku in Omi Province who were taken under Hieizan Enryaku-ji Temple that was attacked by the riot seceded from the riot force so that the Bashaku power itself was split.
- ペルシャ辺りを起源とする有翼天人はゾロアスター教で空中から飛来するとされる精霊(フラワシ Furawashi)を象ったものともされ、ターク・イ・ブスタン(サーサーン朝)やパサルガダエ(キュロス大王宮廷跡)など古代ペルシャ遺跡にその姿が見られる。
- The tennin statues with wings which was began around Persia were also regarded as a symbol of the spirit (Furuwashi) which fly around the air in Zoroastrianism, and its figures are seen in ancient Persian ruins such as Taqi Bustan (Sassanid Empire) and Pasargadae (ruin of the place of Cyrus the Great).
- 浄土真宗本願寺8世の蓮如が延暦寺西塔の衆徒により本願寺が破却され、北陸地方に活動の場を求めた時に、布教の対象としたのはこうした一向や一遍の影響を受けて同じ浄土教の土壌を有した僧侶や信者であり、蓮如はこれを「一向衆」(「一向宗」ではない)と呼んだ。
- When Hongan-ji Temple was destroyed by warrior monks from the Saito area of Enryaku-ji Temple, and Rennyo, the eighth head of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect, sought to find his way into the Hokuriku region, Rennyo aimed his propagation at the monks and followers who were based in the Jodo teachings under the influence of Ikko Shunsho and Ippen, collectively calling them '一向衆' Ikkoshu, meaning 'the people of Ikkoshu sect', instead of '一向宗' Ikkoshu, the name for Ikko Shunsho's sect.
- しかしその後、本願寺門徒と富樫政親は対立するようになり、長享2年(1488年)、政親が一向宗討伐軍を差し向けると、結局政親を自刃に追い込んで自治を行うまでになった(ただし富樫氏一族の富樫正高は一向一揆に同情的で、守護大名として象徴的に居座っている)。
- However, Hongan-ji's Monto and Masachika TOGASHI opposed each other after that, and when Masachika sent a force to subdue Ikko Shu in 1488, they forced Masachika to commit suicide by his sword, and achieved autonomous control (However, Masataka TOGASHI of the Togashi clan showed sympathy for Ikko-Ikki, and he remained Shugo Daimyo symbolically).
- 装飾古墳に描かれた文様には幾何学的・抽象的な直弧文(ちょっこもん)・蕨手文(わらびてもん)・鍵手(かぎのてもん)文・円文・同心円文・連続三角文・菱形文・双脚輪状文(そうきゃくりんじょうもん)・区画文などがあるが、何を表しているのか分からない文である。
- Following patterns are found in decorated tombs; geometric and abstract chokko-mon (arc and straight-line pattern), warabite-mon (bracken-shaped, scroll-like pattern), kaginote-mon (hook pattern), en-mon (circular pattern), doshinen-mon (concentric pattern), renzoku sankaku-mon (consecutive triangular pattern), hishigata-mon (diamond pattern), sokyakurinjo-mon (circular pattern with two legs), kukaku-mon (vertical running patterns), and so on; however, those are inscrutable.
- 信仰の対象としては、西塔・根本大塔には両部(金剛界・胎蔵界)大日如来を祀り、御影堂(みえどう)(弘法大師御住坊・現在は、真如様(しんにょよう)の弘法大師御影(絵像)を祀る)・不動堂などの伽藍・諸堂がある壇上があり、弘法大師入定の地・奥の院御廟は聖地。
- As the objects for worship, Dainichi Nyorai of both Kongokai (spiritual principles) and Taizokai (physical principles) are enshrined in Saito (literally, Western Tower) and Konpon Daito (literally, Primal Tower), and there is a danjo (platform for religious practice) on which Garan and halls such as Miedo Hall (It was a dwelling of Kobo Daishito and now enshrines Mie (image) of Kobo Daishi) and Fudodo Hall are built, and the mausoleum of Kobo Daishi in Okunoin, where he attained Nirvana, is the sacred place.
- そもそも日本で最初の出家者は尼であったが、その戒壇の設置に朝廷の許可が必要であった奈良時代以降、鎌倉時代くらいまで、戒壇の設置を許された東大寺や延暦寺などの戒壇が全て男性僧侶を対象としており、女性(尼)の授戒得度が困難であった点との関連も考えられている。
- The person who entered priesthood for the first time in Japan was an ama, but from the Nara period to the Kamakura period when the placement of a kaidan needed permission from the Imperial Court, all kaidans such as those at Todai-ji Temple and Enryaku-ji Temple were subject to male priests so that it is believed the difficulty of women's jikai (handing down the precepts) and tokudo (entry to the Buddhist priesthood) were related to nyonin kinsei.
- しかし一方では、最澄の教法に対する価値論に対し徳一は仏法理解の先天的素質論を述べており、両者の論争の焦点があまり噛み合っておらず、議論そのものも詳細というよりは瑣末的であり、時折相手側への罵倒に近い表現も見られる(後述)など、すれ違いの印象も与えている。
- However, on the other hand, Tokuitsu stated the theory of inherent disposition to understand Buddhist law against value theory for doctrine by Saicho, and the focus of the dispute on both sides was not in the right ballpark; as for the dispute itself, it was trivial rather than detailed and sometimes the expressions near to the abuse against the other were seen (as below) and gives an impression of not interlocking.
- 歌舞伎・文楽・日本舞踊等、江戸時代に盛んになった伝統芸能、特に庶民階級を対象にして劇場や屋外の舞台で演じられたものには、「浄瑠璃」(じょうるり)のような「語り」あるいは「唄」と三味線によって、旋律と緩急がはっきりした大衆的な音楽をつけることが一般的であった。
- It was common that popular music like joruri (dramatic narrative chanted to a shamisen accompaniment), which contained narration or songs with a distinct melody played by shamisen, composed of up-tempo tunes and slow-tempo tunes, was used for traditional performing arts that became popular during the Edo period such as kabuki (traditional drama performed by male actors), bunraku (Japanese puppet theater), and classical Japanese dance, especially for performances for the common people in a theater or on an outdoor stage.
- 「藤倉水源地水道施設」についてはダム、貯水池、沈殿池などの施設と土地が、「碓氷峠鉄道施設」については連続する橋梁やトンネルに加え発電所などの付属施設と土地が併せて指定されており、単体の建造物としての橋梁やトンネルではなくシステム全体が保存の対象となっている。
- The designation regarding 'water supply installations of the Fujikura watershed' includes the land and facilities such as the dam, reservoir and settling pond; as for the designation of 'railway installations of the Usui Pass,' in addition to the connecting bridge and the tunnel, the entire system--including the land and the attached facilities such as the power plant--was designated as the object of preservation.
- 観光ボランティアガイドは個人・グループ客を主な対象としているが、最近では新しいツアー商品開発とパック価格引下げを図りたい旅行会社が、施設入場料やガイド料がそれほどかからず一定時間を過ごせる便利な立寄り先として観光ボランティアガイドに着目し、活用しはじめている。
- Sightseeing volunteer guides mainly handle individuals and groups but recently, travel agencies that are aiming to develop new products and cut package costs have begun to pay attention to and use sightseeing volunteer guides in order to cut back on entrance and guide fees while conveniently providing customers with a way to spend time.
- これによると、製作後50年を経過したものであって、歴史的・系統的にまとまって伝存したもの、系統的・網羅的に収集されたもの、すなわちコレクション等の一括資料になっているものあり、かつ、文化史的意義、学術的価値および歴史上の意義を有するものが登録対象となっている。
- According to the standard, a property must satisfy all of the following conditions for registration: having been historically and systematically preserved; having been systematically and exhaustively collected, or having existed as a collection; and having cultural-historic, academic, and historical value.
- ただし、天守のような象徴的な建物は安土城以前に全くなかったわけではなく、1469年前後の江戸城にあった太田道灌の静勝軒、摂津国伊丹城(兵庫県伊丹市)、また松永久秀が永禄年間(1558年 - 1569年)に築いた大和国多聞山城や信貴山城の四階櫓などが各地に造られていた。
- However, symbolic structures like Tenshu were not absolutely nonexistent before Azuchi-jo Castle was built; examples from various places include Seishoken of Dokan OTA which had been in Edo-jo Castle around 1469, Settsu Province Itami-jo Castle (Itami City, Hyogo Prefecture), Yamato Province, Tamonyama-jo Castle built by Hisahide MATSUNAGA in the Eiroku era (1558-1569), and the Yonkai Yagura (four-story turret) in Shigisan-jo Castle.
- なお、暦書を私的に持つことは雑令の秘書玄象令で厳しく規制されたために朝廷外に人材を求めるのは困難であり、平将門が「新皇」を名乗って文武百官を任じた際も暦博士は任命できず、同様に吉野朝廷(南朝 (日本))も暦博士を置けなかったらしく、その元号が入った具注暦は存在しない。
- Because the private possession of rekisho (explanatory books concerning calendars) was strictly regulated by Hishogenjo-rei edicts, which were classified as Zoryo (Law on Miscellaneous Matters), it was difficult to recruit personnel outside the Imperial Court; therefore, when TAIRA no Masakado proclaimed himself as a 'new emperor' and nominated Bunbu Hyakkan (all the officials, both military and civil), he was unable to appoint Reki Hakase, and in the same manner the Yoshino Imperial Court (the Southern Court (Japan)) was unable to appoint Reki Hakase, and consequently there is no Guchu-reki (annotated calendar) that includes its gengo (era name).
- 仏教史的な観念からすれば、本来は1.のみが「一向宗」の正しい定義であるとも考えらるが、実際には戦国時代_(日本)の一向一揆の印象や江戸幕府による1.の強制統合(「一向宗」の使用禁止)と2.の強制改名(「一向宗」の使用強要)に伴い、今日では2.のみを指すのが一般的である。
- From the viewpoint of Buddhist history, the first definition is considered the only correct definition of 'Ikkoshu'; in practice, however, as with the impression of the Ikko ikki uprising during the Sengoku period (period of warring states) and forcible integration (the ban on using the name 'Ikkoshu') by the Edo bakufu, as in the first definition, and the forcible renaming of the Jodo Shinshu sect (forcing the Jodo Shinshu sect to use the name 'Ikkoshu') by the Edo bakufu, as in the second definition, the second definition is now generally adopted.
- 室町幕府申次衆などを務め、征夷大将軍と諸権門との連絡役を務めることが多かった大舘氏当主が将軍・公卿以下の公家、門跡以下の僧侶、管領以下の守護大名、室町幕府の諸役人や諸大名の家臣などに出す場合の書札礼を差出対象ごとに分けた上で実際の書札を例に取りながら注記を加えたものである。
- In this book, the head of the Odachi clan, who served the Muromachi bakufu as moshitsugishu (a civil servant post of Muromachi bakufu) and played a role of corresponding secretary between seii taishogun (literally, a great general who subdues the barbarians) and influential families, listed actual shosatsurei together with his notes based on the categories of addressees, namely shogun, court nobles including top court officials, Buddhist priest including monzeki (priest-prince), shugo-daimyo (military governor) including kanrei (shogunal deputy), officials of Muromachi bakufu and vassals of daimyo.
- 一方で刀は売買の対象でもあり、特に明治時代以後現代にいたるまで、骨董品として、美術品として、刀に商品としての性格、趣味の物としての性格が強くなると、商品価値を上げるための客観性を欠いた表記や宣伝的な表記、所有欲をくすぐる表記、自分が好きな刀への思い入れたっぷりの表記、などがある。
- On the other hand, swords are traded for money, and especially from the Meiji period to the modern times, when swords, as antiques and art objects, came to have character as commodities or hobby objects, there are descriptions without objectivity, promotional descriptions to increase commercial value, descriptions to stimulate desires for possession and descriptions full of feelings toward a favorite sword.
- 言い換えると、華厳教学が秘密曼荼羅十住心論において第八(天台法華)ではなく第九住心に配置された意味を併せて考えれば、即身成仏義の重重帝網(無碍)が、一即多・多即一という華厳教学を象徴的にする哲理を重要な基礎として、実践作法の理論的基礎に展開したものとして見ることできるからである。
- In other words, from the fact that the Kegon (a thought of virtues are correctly provided due to trainings and performing acts of charity) doctrine was placed not as the eighth (Tendai Hokke) but as the ninth Jushin (stages of Mind Development) in Himitsu Mandala Jujushinron (Ten Abiding Stages on the Secret Mandalas), Juju taimo (endlessly interconnected net of Indra) (unobstructed) of Sokushin Jobutsu gi (Principle of Attaining Buddhahood with the Present Body) can be thought to have developed into a theoretical foundation of practical code based on the philosophy which symbolized the Kegon doctrine of Ichi-soku-ta and Ta-soku-ichi (one is equal to many, many to one).
- そのため、慶安元年(1648年)から寛文10年(1670年)にかけて6回もの禁令が出されるなど規制の対象としていたが、享保の改革において商業の統制を図るために組織化された方が望ましいとする方針の下に公認が与えられ、冥加金(上納金)を納める代わりに、販売権の独占などの特権を認められた。
- Thus, the bakufu regulated kabunakama by six interdicts between 1648 and 1670, however, it was officially approved under the policy that such organization was preferable to control the commerce and it was granted special privileges such as exclusive distributorship in exchange for render.
- また、この罰の現象が現れる時期については、『種種御振舞御書』で「遠流・死罪の後百日一年三年七年が内に自界叛逆難とて此の御一門どしうち(同士打)はじまるべし」、また『四信五品抄』で「優陀延王は賓頭盧尊者を蔑如して七年の内に身を喪失し相州は日蓮を流罪して百日の内に兵乱に遇えり」などと述べた。
- In addition, as to the period of the phenomenon for this punishment, he described in 'Shiju onfurumai Gosho' (On the Buddha's Behavior) as 'Within the one hundred days or one year, three years, seven years after exile and death penalties, inter-clan conflicts will occur as Jikaihongyakunan (trouble of inter-clan conflicts),' and in 'Shishin gohon sho' (On the Four Stages of Faith and the Five Stages of Practice) as 'The king Udaen disdains the Binzuru-sonja and goes to ruin within the seven years, and Soshu (Sagami province) will be attacked within one hundred days after the exile of Nichiren.'
- 薩摩藩と長州藩が薩長同盟を結び倒幕運動を推し進めていた幕末も大詰めの時期、公議政体論を主張し将軍の政権返上を政治路線として考えていた土佐藩は、慶応3年(1867年)10月3日 (旧暦)に(坂本龍馬が発案計画し、後藤象二郎協力)大政奉還の建白書を藩主山内豊信を通じ将軍・徳川慶喜に提出した。
- At the very end of the Edo period when the Satsuma clan and Choshu clan formed Satsuma-Choshu Alliance to promote the movement to overthrow the Shogunate, the Tosa clan, which supported the parliamentary regime theory and the Shogun's returning the sovereignty to the Emperor, submitted a petition for Taisei Hokan (proposed and planned by Ryoma SAKAMOTO in cooperation with Shojiro GOTO) to the Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA through the lord of the domain Toyoshige YAMAUCHI on October 29, 1867.
- しかし一般的にはその前年にあたる1867年(慶応3年)の大政奉還、王政復古以降の改革を指すことが多い(日本の歴史学界における明治維新研究では、前段階である江戸幕府崩壊期(天保の改革あるいは黒船来航以後)も研究対象とされるが、維新体制が整う以前の政治状況については幕末の項で扱うものとする)。
- However, the Meiji Restoration generally includes Taisei-hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor) and Osei-hukko (the restoration of the Imperial rule) which started in 1867 (according to various academic studies of the Meiji Restoration in Japan, it includes the late Edo Shogunate period (after the Tempo reforms or the Perry Expedition) as the first part of the Restoration, but some political situations prior to the Restoration are mentioned in the article of 'Bakumatsu' (the end of the Edo Shogunate)).
- プロジェクト側の行動を賞賛する意見(男尊女卑を肯定する象徴であり、男女共同参画理念に反する悪習である)もある一方、女人禁制は堅持すべきとする意見(日本に根付いた宗教・伝統文化を継承するものであり、男尊女卑などの差別を推進する意図のものではなく、強行登山は日本文化を冒涜する軽率な愚行である)もある。
- While there is an opinion that 'praises' the activity of the project side (it is a gesture of agreement with male chauvinism and an evil custom that is opposed to the principle of gender equality), there is another opinion that nyonin kinsei should be maintained firmly (it succeeds the religious and traditional culture that is rooted in Japan and does not promote discrimination such as male chauvinism so that the enforcement of mounting climbing is a hasty and foolish action that violates Japanese culture).
- 綱紀審査会は、弁護士会が第五十八条第四項の規定により対象弁護士等を懲戒しない旨の決定をし、かつ、日本弁護士連合会がこれに対する懲戒請求者による異議の申出を却下し、又は棄却する決定をした場合において、なお懲戒請求者からの申出があるときに、国民の意見を反映させて懲戒の手続の適正を確保するため必要な綱紀審査を行う。
- If a Discipline Requesting Party files a request for a review of a matter regarding which a bar association had issued a ruling not to discipline the Accused Attorney, etc. pursuant to the provisions of Article 58, paragraph (4), and to which the Japan Federation of Bar Associations had issued a ruling dismissing or rejecting the Discipline Requesting Party's objection to the bar association's ruling, the Board of Discipline Review shall reflect the public opinion of Japan and conduct discipline reviews as necessary to ensure that disciplinary procedures are appropriate.
- これは平安後期の覚鑁興教大師以降、『金剛界/胎蔵界』という並立的表現方法が顕著となる以前の出来事であり、日本固有の信仰観について、後の応永の大成を頂点とする二而不二/不二而二に係わる各法匠の立場/背景、さらには日本の密教思想史、殊に事教二相を実践/検討する上で銘記するべき事象として理解することを求められよう。
- This happened before the parallel mode of expression, 'Kongokai (Diamond Realm) or Taizokai (Womb Realm),' became remarkable after Kakuban Kokyo Daishi in the latter Heian period, and should be understood as an epoch, regarding the religious beliefs particular to the Japanese, in conducting and discussing each master's standpoint or background related with Nini-Funi (also known as Funi-Nini (two sides of the same coin)) in which Oei no Taisei (Perfection in Oei era) reached the summit, more over in the Japanese intellectual history of Esoteric Buddhism, especially practicing or considering Jikyo niso (Jiso (method to practice the doctrine) and Kyoso (logical study of doctrines)).
- 日本のトロンプロジェクトに代表されるすぐれたバーチャルミュージアム、デジタルライブラリィ、アミューズメント施設の成果等をふんだんに取り入れているので、老若男女は問わず家族でも楽しめるが、主な対象はあくまで中高生を中心とする青少年であり、彼ら、彼女らが豊かで充実した職業人生を送れるためのあらゆる事業を行っている。
- It provides a wide variety of programs that help young people such as high school or junior high school students, who are the main participants, to lead a rich life with satisfying jobs, and incorporates technologies of the excellent virtual museum, digital libraries, and amusement facilities, as represented by the Tron Project in Japan, which are enjoyable by every generation and families as well.
- なお、近代以降については、写真、グラフィックアートなど、現代(第二次世界大戦以降)においては(日本に限った現象ではないが)、パフォーマンス、ハプニング、ビデオアート、ランドアート、コンセプチュアル・アートなど、さまざまな表現形態が「美術」の文脈で語られ、「美術」とそうでないものとの差異は次第にあいまいになってきている。
- Incidentally, various styles of expression have come to be included in 'art' - from the modern age, photographs, graphic arts, and others, and in the present age (after World War Ⅱ), performing arts, happenings, video art, land art, and conceptual art, which are seen in other countries as well - so that the boundary between 'art' and others gradually becomes ambiguous.
- 1924年(大正13年)に東亜キネマとの合併前のマキノ映画製作所等持院撮影所に入社、同年7月の合併を経て、翌1925年(大正14年)6月の牧野省三の再独立にあたって、新設のマキノ・プロダクション御室撮影所に移った武井龍三は、同年9月、金森万象監督・寿々喜多呂九平オリジナル脚本の『奇傑鬼鹿毛』全3篇の主役に抜擢されてデビューした。
- Ryuzo TAKEI, having joined Makino Eiga Seisaku-jo Tojiin Studio in 1924 before the merger with Toa Kinema and moving to Makino Productions' Omuro Movie Studio, which was newly established after the merger in July 1924 and Shozo MAKINO's separation from the merged company in June 1925, made his debut in September that year when he was selected as the leading character in all three episodes of 'Kiketsu Onikage'(Great Onikage) directed by Bansho KANAMORI and based on the original screenplay written by Rokuhei SUSUKITA.
- 洋式と比べた場合の和式の利点としては、清掃が容易、設置費用が安い、糞が1次的に溜まる槽を浅く作ってあるので排便時に水が跳ねにくい、1回ごとの洗浄水の必要量が少ない(ただし、最近では和式よりも少ない水量で洗浄できる節水型洋式便器も出回っている)、便座への接触がないため清潔な印象を与える(ただし洋式の該当箇所も参照)といった点がある。
- As advantages of washiki compared with yoshiki (Western style), we can say that washiki is easy to clean and cheap to install, and that the basin tank where feces are primarily piled up is made shallow so the splashing during defecation is weak, and that the quantity of water needed for cleaning each time is small (however, nowadays, water-saving western style urinal which needs less water than washiki for cleaning is sold), and that there is no contact with a toilet seat, which gives a clean impression (however, see the corresponding point in yoshiki).
- 平安時代前期の「延喜弾正台式」の記述によれば、「白玉の腰帯は三位以上か四位の参議まで着用可能、玳瑁(タイマイ/鼈甲)・瑪瑙・斑犀(サイの角とあるが普通は牛の角で代用)・象牙・沙魚皮(サメ皮の事だが装束ではエイ皮を指すことが多い)・紫檀は五位通用、紀州産の石に模様を彫ったもの、定摺の石は参議以上、金銀を捺した筋彫りや唐の帯は五位以上。
- According to 'Engi Danjodai Shiki' (The Rule of the Board of Censors) of the early Heian Period, there were many rules: 'Waistbands with white gems can be worn by those of Third Rank or higher or sangi (councilors) of the Fourth Rank, waistbands with tortoiseshell, agate, rhinoceros horn (said to be rhinoceros horn, but bull's horns were usually used), ivory, sharkskin (said to be sharkskin, but the skin of a ray was often used for costumes) or rosewood can be worn by officials of the Fifth Rank for everyday use, stones of teizuri, which are stones of Kishu (now Wakayama Prefecture) origin on which patterns were engraved, can be worn by sangi (councilors) or higher, and sujibori (carving thin lines with sharp implements) on which gold or sliver is stamped, and Chinese belts can be worn by officials of Fifth Rank or higher.'
- 成人式での七五三現象とは、式に出席する若者が、外面的には着物で豪華に着飾っていても、会場では久し振りに会った友人との談笑などに熱中する余り、主催する自治体首長などの式辞・講演に関心を示さず式典が騒がしくなり、その結果、本来一人前の大人としての決意をすべき場である成人式が、かえって若者のモラル低下を露見させる場となってしまう現象のことを言う。
- A phenomenon of Shichi-go-san (celebration for children of three, five and seven years of age) at the Seijin-shiki ceremony means the phoenomenon that, even though dressing gorgeously externally, young people participating in the ceremony were caught up in talking with friends whom they had not seen for a long time, did not show interest in the speeches or lectures by the head of the autonomy body holding the ceremony, and they became noisy during the ceremony, and as a result, the Seijin-shiki ceremony which was originally where they are to make up their minds as independent adults has turned into an opportunity to expose the moral degeneration of young people.
- 京都市は2008年11月21日、西京極総合運動公園内の3施設(陸上競技場、野球場、体育館)を対象に命名権(ネーミングライツ)を導入する意向を明らかにし、このうち野球場について年間契約額2500万円以上、契約期間5年以上、施設名称に「京都」もしくは「西京極」を付与することなどを条件に、2009年1月8日から1月30日まで売却先の募集を行った。
- In November 21, 2008, Kyoto City announced the introduction of naming rights for the three facilities (athletic stadium, ballpark, and gymnasium) in The Nishikyogoku Comprehensive Sports Park and as for the ballpark; it solicited for the buyer, the right from January 8 to 30, 2009 under the condition that the amount of yearly contract should be more than 25 million yen, the term of contract should be more than five years, the name of the facility should include the word 'Kyoto' or 'Nishikyogoku,' and so on.
- 古代イランでは、祖先のフラワシ(Fravaši、ゾロアスター教における聖霊・下級神、この世の森羅万象に宿り、あらゆる自然現象を起こす霊的存在、この「フラワシ」は人間にも宿っており、人間に宿る魂のうち、最も神聖な部分が「フラワシ」なのだと言う、ここから、フラワシ信仰が祖霊信仰と結びついた)すなわち「祖霊」を迎え入れて祀る宗教行事が行われていた。
- In ancient Iran, a religious event was held to invite ancestors' Fravaši (the spirit or lower-class god, or a spiritual existence that resides in everything and causes all natural phenomena: it is said that this Fravaši also resides in human beings and constitutes the most sacred portion, providing a relationship to connect worship of Fravaši with the worship of ancestors' souls), or in other words, ancestors' souls, and to offer them a memorial service.
- これは山や川などの「ヌシ(主)の伝承」にしても同様の構図を持つものであり、付喪神もまた日本古来よりのアニミズム的な価値観から、人格や生命すら持ち得ない対象でさえ時にこれらを獲得し得る、あるいは借景(しゃっけい)や和菓子の造形と同様の「見立ての精神」における、解釈して楽しむといった擬人観が、普遍的な価値観としてこれらの根底に存在するということである。
- As seen in 'Nushi no densho' (transmission of nushi [master]), mountains and rivers can also acquire personality or life based on the Japanese traditional philosophy of animism, and they are utilized for shakkei (making use of the surrounding landscape in the design of a garden) or the design of Japanese cakes based on the 'mitate no seishin' (spirit of simulation).
- 四 貝づか、古墳、都城跡、城跡、旧宅その他の遺跡で我が国にとつて歴史上又は学術上価値の高いもの、庭園、橋梁、峡谷、海浜、山岳その他の名勝地で我が国にとつて芸術上又は観賞上価値の高いもの並びに動物(生息地、繁殖地及び渡来地を含む。)、植物(自生地を含む。)及び地質鉱物(特異な自然の現象の生じている土地を含む。)で我が国にとつて学術上価値の高いもの(以下「記念物」という。)
- 4. Buildings and structures (such as shell mounds, ancient tombs, citadel-type castle sites, castle sites and old residences) which are highly valued in our nation, either historically or academically; landscapes (such as gardens, bridges, canyons, coasts, mountains and other places of scenic beauty) that are highly valued in our nation for their artistic or visual merit; animals (including their habitats, their breeding areas, and their stopovers), plants (including their habitats), and geological minerals (including the landscapes produced by natural phenomena) that are highly valued academically in our nation (such natural features being hereinafter referred to as 'monuments')
- このため、住宅団地では人口のスプロール化やドーナツ化現象等により人口増が生じた場合への対処として、単位面積当たりの人口密度の多寡では人口密度の低い一戸建て住宅に代表される単体の居住用建物を分散して建設するよりは、集中して建設した方がバスや電車等の公共交通機関の運行や周辺施設へのアクセス等を左右する道路整備などで高密度なサービスが可能となり、利便性の観点からも効率がよい結果が得られる。
- Danchi developments provide a solution to population increases caused by several reasons including urban sprawl and doughnut phenomena because, as opposed to sparsely spaced individual dwellings of low population density per unit area such as single houses, concentrated dwellings provide more efficient public transport system as buses and trains and more effective road maintenance and improvement service to these areas; thus danchi development leads to better consequences in terms of convenience.
- 論争において最澄は、しばしば非常に激烈な表現を用いて論敵を攻撃しており、たとえば『守護国界章』において最澄は、非難の対象である徳一のことを「麁食者(そじきしゃ。粗末な食べ方をする者、半可通のこと)」「謗法者(ほうぼうしゃ。賢しらに法を曲げる者)」「北轅者(ほくえんしゃ。南に行こうとして牛車・馬車の轅(ながえ)を北に向ける者。方角もわきまえぬ者)」などの蔑称で呼び、本名の徳一で呼ぶことは一切ない。
- In the dispute Saicho attacked the opponent by using fiery expressions and as an example in 'Shugo-kokkai-sho' Saicho called Tokuitsu who was the focus of criticism in a pejorative manner, 'sojikisha' (people who have a superficial knowledge and eat humbly), 'hobosha' (people who disparage the dharma), 'hokuensha' (people who turn the shafts of gissha (ox-drawn carriage) or horse-drawn buggy to the north even though they go to go to the south because he cannot understand the direction) and never called Tokuitsu by his real name.
- 美人画とは単に美しい女性をモチーフにした絵画だという概念に囚われがちだが、『広辞苑』では「女性の美しさを強調し」という抽象的表現で規定されており、『新潮世界美術辞典』(新潮社、1985年、ISBN 4107302067)では「女性の容姿の美しさ」と、『現代日本美人画全集 名作選Ⅰ』(関千代 著、集英社、1979年)では「女性の中にある美」を探究しモチーフとしたものと定めてあり、必ずしも美人を描いたものという定義だけでその本質を表現できるものではない。
- Although one tends to be caught up in the notion that bijinga is a painting which merely depicts beautiful women, 'Kojien' dictionary defines the term using the abstract expression that it 'emphasizes women's beauty', and 'Shincho Encyclopedia of World Art' (SHINCHOSHA Publishing Co., Ltd, 1985, ISBN 4107302067) defines the term as representing 'women's beautiful looks', and 'Gendai Nihon Bijinga Zenshu: Selection of Masterpieces Vol. I' (by Chiyo SEKI, Shueisha Inc., 1979) defines it as being a quest for and having the motif of 'beauty inside women'; therefore the definition of a depiction of a beautiful woman is not necessarily the representation of the subject's true nature.