議員: 1000 Terms and Phrases

• 議員
• member of the Diet, congress or parliament
• councilor
• lawmaker
• Member of Congress
• Legislator

• 審議員
• council

• 総議員
• all members of the Diet
• members of both houses

• 商議員
• counselor
• counsellor
• trustee

• 代議員
• representative
• delegate

• 族議員
• influential members of parliament acting for the benefit of the private industries to which they are connected

• 評議員
• trustee
• councillor (councilor)
• regent
• senate
• syndic
• Councilors

• 協議員
• delegate

• 議員連
• house

• 議員席
• floor

• 平議員
• backbencher

• 華族議員
• Peerage Councilors

• 勅選議員
• Chokusen Councilors

• 勅任議員
• Chokunin Councilors

• 皇族議員
• Imperial Family Councilors

• 上院議員
• senator
• member of the upper house
• peer

• 代議員会
• conference of representatives

• 道会議員
• member of the Hokkaido Prefectural Assembly

• 代議員団
• delegation

• 衆院議員
• member of the lower house
• member of the House of Representatives

• 与党議員
• lawmakers from the ruling parties
• government member of parliament

• 議員立法
• private member's bill
• legislation introduced by a Diet member
• legislation introduced by Diet members
• Act of Parliament

• 議員特権
• parliamentary privilege

• 議員年金
• legislators' pension (and retirement benefits)

• 議員連盟
• Diet members caucus
• caucus of the Diet

• 区会議員
• ward assemblyman

• 市会議員
• city councillor
• city councilor
• city assemblyman
• alderman

• 参院議員
• member of the House of Councillors

• 国会議員
• member of National Diet
• Diet member
• Congressman
• Congressmember
• Member of Congress
• parliamentarian
• representative
• solon
• Member of the National Diet
• Member of Parliament

• 落選議員
• lame duck

• 評議員会
• board of trustees
• Board of Councillors

• 一等議員
• assemblyman (Diet member) of the first rank

• 議員連合
• bloc
• block

• 下院議員
• member of the lower house
• Congressman
• Member of Parliament
• commoner

• 県議会議員
• Member of Shiga Prefectural Assembly

• 衆議院議員
• member of the Lower House
• Members of the House of Representatives of Japan

• 衆議員議長
• speaker of the Lower House

• 州議会議員
• state legislator
• member of state parliament
• member of a provincial assembly

• 道議会議員
• member of the Hokkaido Prefectural Assembly

• 町議会議員
• town councillor
• town council member

• 市議会議員
• city council member

• 参議院議員
• member of the House of Councillors
• Members of the House of Councillors

• 区議会議員
• ward assemblyman
• ward councillor

• 米連邦議員
• US Congress member

• 下院議員。
• A Representative.

• 貴族院議員
• Members of Kizokuin (the House of Peers)
• Member of House of Peers

• 議会の議員
• a member of a council

• 永年在職議員
• long-standing member of the Diet

• 獲得代議員数
• delegate count

• 立法府の議員
• legislator

• 議員立法法案
• private member's bill

• 連邦議会議員
• congressman

• 市町村会議員
• city, town, or village councilmen

• 運営評議員会
• management council

• 両院議員総会
• Joint Plenary Meeting of Party Members of Both Houses of the Diet

• 米国下院議員
• Congressmember

• 後方席の議員
• backbencher

• 婦人下院議員
• Congresswoman

• 元下院議員。
• Former Representative.

• 欧州議会議員
• Members of the European Parliament
• Member of the European Parliament

• 日韓議員連盟
• Japan–Korea Parliamentarians' Union

• 芸術議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for Art

• 音楽議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for Music

• 貴族院議員。
• He was the member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).
• A member of the House of Peers.
• He was a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 衆議院議員。
• AKIYAMA was the member of the House of Representatives.

• 多額納税者議員
• High Taxpayer Councilors

• 衆議院議員時代
• Member of the House of Representatives era

• 評議員会の議事
• Business of the Council

• 評議員会の権限
• Powers of Council

• 国会議員の秘書
• Confidential Secretary to Members of the Diet;

• 区議会議員選挙
• ward assembly election
• local council election

• 衆議院議員総会
• General Assembly of the LDP Members of the House of Representatives

• 日本の国会議員
• Members of the Diet of Japan

• 人民代議員大会
• Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union

• 旧派の上院議員
• an oldline senator

• 市議会議員選挙
• MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS

• 立法議会の議員
• someone who is a member of a legislative assembly

• 州の上院の議員
• a member of a state senate

• 子爵・貴族院議員
• He was a viscount and a member of the House of Peers.

• のち貴族院議員。
• He later became a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 米国連邦議会議員
• member of Congress

• 議員に働きかける
• lobby

• 連邦議会婦人議員
• Congresswoman

• 州議会の下院議員
• assemblyman

• 保守党の国会議員
• Conservative Party (UK) MPs

• 金で動く上院議員
• a purchasable senator

• 1年目の上院議員
• a freshman senator

• タカ派の国会議員
• hawkish congressman

• 民主党の上院議員
• Democratic senator

• 共和党の上院議員
• a Republican senator

• 衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general elections

• 聖戦貫徹議員連盟
• League of Diet Members Carry Through the Holy War

• 欧州議会議員選挙
• Elections in the European Union
• European Parliament elections

• ユニセフ議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for UNICEF

• 和装振興議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for the Promotion of the Kimono Culture

• 日独友好議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for the Friendship between Japan and Germany

• 日朝友好議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for the Friendship between Japan and Korea

• 彼は議員である。
• He is in the House.

• 主な所属議員連盟
• Major parliamentary associations

• 帝国学士院会員議員
• Imperial Academy Councilors

• 以後は貴族院議員。
• Afterward, a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 参議院議員に当選。
• He was elected as a member of the House of Councilors of the Diet.

• 役員･理事･評議員
• trustee

• アジア国会議員連合
• Asian Parliamentary Union

• 議員定数は69人。
• There are 69 assembly members.

• イギリスの国会議員
• British MPs

• 参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors elections

• オハイオ州下院議員
• Members of the Ohio House of Representatives

• イリノイ州上院議員
• Illinois State Senators

• イリノイ州下院議員
• Members of the Illinois House of Representatives

• 少子化対策議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for Measures to Prevent the Decline in Birthrate

• 東京学士会院議員。
• He was a councilor at the Tokyo Academy.

• 上院議員のオフィス
• the office of senator

• 役員、評議員及び職員
• Officers, Councilors and Staff

• 地球環境国際議員連盟
• Global Legislators Organization for a Balanced Environment

• 米国州議会の下院議員
• assembly member

• コロラド州上院議員。
• The Senator from Colorado.

• プロイセン貴族院議員
• Members of the Prussian House of Lords

• ジョージア州下院議員
• Members of the Georgia House of Representatives

• ジョージア州上院議員
• Georgia (U.S. state) State Senators

• PLC議員同志諸君、
• Sisters and brothers, members of the PLC,

• 同年9月に貴族院議員。
• In September of the same year, he was appointed as a member of the House of Peers.

• ハワイ州選出下院議員。
• The Representative from Hawaii.

• 議員席から動議があった
• there was a motion from the floor

• 上院議員の地位を与える
• Create one a peer

• アメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators

• アメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives

• 憲法制定議会議員委員会
• Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly

• バージニア植民地代議員
• House of Burgesses

• 外務官僚、貴族院議員。
• He was a Foreign Ministry official and a member of the House of Peers.

• 後に貴族院議員となる。
• Later Heinai became a member of the House of Peers.

• 従一位公爵、貴族院議員。
• He was Prince of Junior First Rank and a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 貴族院議員に任ぜられる。
• He was appointed as a member of the House of Peers.

• - 日本美術展覧会評議員
• He was a councillor of the Japan Fine Arts Exhibition.

• 協会に、評議員会を置く。
• The Institute shall have a Council.

• 中小企業経営問題議員連盟
• Diet members caucus supporting small business

• 元ハワイ州選出上院議員。
• Former Senator from Hawaii.

• 中将、貴族院議員、男爵。
• He was a Lieutenant General, member of the House of Peers, and Baron.

• 第32回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1969

• 第1回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 1947

• 第37回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1983

• 上院議員の華麗なスピーチ
• the senator's florid speech

• 第45回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 2009

• 第43回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 2003

• 第44回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 2005

• 第42回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 2000

• 第31回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1967

• 第33回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1972

• ロシア帝国国家評議会議員
• Members of the State Council of the Russian Empire

• 第40回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1993

• 第41回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1996

• 第34回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1976

• 第35回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1979

• 第39回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1990

• 第36回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1980

• 第38回衆議院議員総選挙
• Japanese general election, 1986

• 大阪商業会議所特別議員。
• He was a special councilor of Osaka Chamber of Commerce.

• 上院議員選挙のための競争
• a race for election to the senate

• 以後衆議院議員に5回当選。
• After that, he was elected as a member of the House of Representatives five times.

• 元アメリカ合衆国下院議員。
• Former U.S. Representative.

• 第11回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 1977

• マサチューセッツ州下院議員
• Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives

• マサチューセッツ州上院議員
• Massachusetts State Senators

• 1984年欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament election, 1984

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament election, 2009

• 第16回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 1992

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament election, 2004

• 第17回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 1995

• ニュージャージー州上院議員
• New Jersey State Senators

• 第14回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 1986

• ニュージャージー州下院議員
• Members of the New Jersey General Assembly

• 1979年欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament election, 1979

• 第12回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 1980

• 第13回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 1983

• 第21回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 2007

• 第22回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 2010

• 第19回参議院議員通常選挙
• Japanese House of Councillors election, 2001

• 1994年欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament election, 1994

• フランスの欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament elections in France

• 1999年欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament election, 1999

• 1989年欧州議会議員選挙
• European Parliament election, 1989

• 彼は国会議員に選出された。
• He was elected a member of parliament.

• 公爵及び侯爵議員による会派。
• This was a group of princes and marquis councilors.

• 衆議院議員・中野正剛は娘婿。
• Seigo NAKANO, a member of the House of Representatives, was his daughter's husband.

• 退官後は貴族院議員となった。
• After retirement, he became a member of the House of Peers.

• 熊本日日新聞社長・参議院議員
• He was the president of the Kumamoto Nichinichi Newspaper and a member of the House of Councilors.

• 自民党こんにゃく対策議員連盟
• The diet member's league for the konnyaku industry in the Liberal Democratic Party

• 2009年東京都議会議員選挙
• Tokyo prefectural election, 2009

• アメリカ合衆国上院議員の部類
• Classes of United States Senators

• 子どもの未来を考える議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for the Future of Children

• 1930年、貴族院議員に勅選。
• In 1930, he was elected a member of the Upper House by imperial nomination.

• 評議員会は、理事長が招集する。
• The Board of Councillors shall be convened by the president.

• なお、議員の不逮捕特権はない。
• Councilors were not privileged to be immune from arrest.

• 三遊亭らん丈（町田市議会議員）
• Ranjo SANYUTEI (Machida city councilor)

• 公明党京都市会議員団 ：12人
• Kyoto City Assembly members of New Komeito: 12

• 上院議員のキャンペーンを扱う人
• the senator's campaign handlers

• 市長夫人・知事夫人・議員夫人。
• Shicho fujin (wife of a city mayor), chiji fujin (wife of a prefectural governor), giin fujin (wife of a councilor).

• 川崎造船所創業者、貴族院議員。
• He was the founder of Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation as well as a member of the House of Peers.

• 公明党所属の国会議員（4期）。
• She is a member of the Diet and belongs to the New Komeito Party (fourth period).

• 南安曇郡選出の県会議員となる。
• He was elected from Minami-Azumi County to become a member of Nagano Prefectural Assembly.

• 下院の一般議員が占める席の総称
• any of the seats occupied by backbenchers in the House of Commons

• 議員の任免は正院に握られていた。
• The Seiin controlled the appointment or dismissal of the councillors.

• 華族議員は、華族から選任された。
• The peerage councilors were selected from their peerage.

• 貴族院議員、参与、明治天皇侍読。
• He was a member of the House of Peers, Sanyo (Councilor), and Jidoku (Imperial tutor) to the Emperor Meiji.

• 御歌会奉行、貴族院議員を務める。
• He served as Outakai-bugyo (the superintendent of the Imperial Poetry Reading Party) and as a parliament member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• - 湯地定監：中将、貴族院議員。
• Sadanori YUCHI: Chujo (Middle Captain), a member of the House of Peers

• 議員会館で委員会の初会合を開く。
• The first committee meeting will be held at the Congressional office building.

• 白人以外の女性では初の下院議員。
• She was the first non-white woman to be elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.

• 元カリフォルニア州選出下院議員。
• Former Representative from California.

• 日本共産党京都市会議員団：19人
• Kyoto City Assembly members of the Japanese Communist Party: 19

• 自由民主党京都市会議員団：23人
• Kyoto City Assembly members of the Liberal Democratic Party: 23

• 自党の戦略を組織化する立法府議員
• the legislator who organizes his party's strategy

• 国連難民高等弁務官事務所議員連盟
• Parliamentary Association for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

• 国会又は地方公共団体の議会の議員
• a member of the Diet or a member of the assembly of a local government;

• 翌29日に衆議院議員を辞職した。
• AKIYAMA resigned from the House of Representative on the next day of the recommendation, on March 29.

• 議員の歳費は、議院法に定められた。
• The salaries of the councilors were determined by Diet Law.

• 閣僚中、唯一の衆議院議員であった。
• He was the only member of the House of Representatives who was a cabinet member.

• 11月、東京府会議員に選出される。
• In November, he was elected as a member of Tokyo Prefecture Assembly.

• 1890年、鉄道庁長官、貴族院議員
• In 1890, he became the Minister of Railways and a member of the House of Peers.

• 1894年3月、衆院選議員に当選。
• In March, 1894, he was elected to be a member of the House of Representatives.

• 議長は、評議員会の会務を総理する。
• The Chairman shall preside over the affairs of the Council.

• ジェイムズ・シールズ (上院議員)
• James Shields

• ユタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Utah

• ユタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Utah
• List of United States Senators from Utah

• リポーターは、上院議員をやりこめた
• The reporter tripped up the senator

• 市会議員は通常、市の各区を代表する
• aldermen usually represent city wards

• 北京オリンピックを支援する議員の会
• Parliamentary Association for the Beijing Olympic Games

• 貴族院 (日本)議員に勅撰される。
• He was elected as a councilor of the House of Peers.

• その後、長野県議会議員として活動。
• Later, he was active as a member of Nagano Prefectural Assembly.

• 後に米国の上院議員（1921年−）
• later in United States Senate (1921-)

• 古代ローマの聖職者で最高議会の議員
• a member of the highest council of priests in ancient Rome

• 元貴族院議員、元神戸商業会議所会頭。
• He was a former member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and the former president of the Kobe Chamber of Commerce.

• - 貴族院 (日本)国会議員に選任。
• He was elected as a member of the House of Peers.

• - 九州日日新聞初代社長・衆議院議員
• He was the first president of the Kyushu Nichinichi Newspaper and a member of the House of Representatives.

• 1882年2月、東京府会議員に当選。
• In February, 1882, he was elected to be a member of Tokyo Prefecture Assembly.

• 山田議員が夜、都内の病院に入院した。
• Diet member Yamada was admitted to a Tokyo hospital at night.

• そして美濃部は貴族院議員を辞職した。
• And Minobe finally resigned from his posts in the House of Peers.

• アジア系として初めて下院議員に当選。
• He was the first Asian American to be elected to the House of Representatives.

• 桂三発は町議会議員だったことがある。
• Sanpatsu KATSURA used to be a town councilor.

• 民主・都みらい京都市会議員団：14人
• Kyoto City Assembly members of the Minshu Miyako-Mirai Party: 14

• ネバダ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Nevada

• 面くらった市会議員は口もきけなかった
• the flabbergasted aldermen were speechless

• ハワイ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Hawaii
• List of United States Senators from Hawaii

• 1万ドルの保釈金は市会議員が提供した
• a $10,000 bond was furnished by an alderman

• ネバダ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Nevada

• ハワイ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Hawaii

• メイン州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Maine

• メイン州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Maine

• 彼は議員に自分から進んで立候補した。
• He came forward as a candidate for Congress.

• 小池正直　陸軍軍医総監、貴族院議員。
• Masanao KOIKE, army surgeon general and member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers)

• 彼は前回の選挙で上院議員に当選した。
• He was elected to the Senate in the last election.

• 1903年、勅撰の貴族院議員となる。
• In 1903, he became a member of the House of Peers by a compilation by Imperial command.

• 野村素介 正二位勲一等男爵・貴族院議員
• Motosuke NOMURA: Shonii, (Senior Second Court Rank) Baron, the First Order of Merit, the member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers)

• 明治期には元老院 (日本)議員となる。
• He became a councilor of Genroin (the Chamber of Elders) in Meiji period.

• 二男・西郷従徳（陸軍大佐、貴族院議員）
• His second son was Jutoku SAIGO (Colonel of the Army and a member of the House of Peers).

• 現ハワイ州選出アメリカ合衆国上院議員。
• The current U.S. Senator from Hawaii.

• テキサス州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Texas

• コロラド州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Colorado
• List of United States Senators from Colorado

• 1979年欧州議会議員選挙 (ドイツ)
• European Parliament election, 1979 (West Germany)

• テキサス州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Texas

• フロリダ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Florida

• ミネソタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Minnesota
• List of United States Senators from Minnesota

• カンザス州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Kansas
• List of United States Senators from Kansas

• アリゾナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Arizona
• List of United States Senators from Arizona

• ミシガン州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Michigan

• オレゴン州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Oregon
• List of United States Senators from Oregon

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (ドイツ)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Germany)

• 1999年欧州議会議員選挙 (ドイツ)
• European Parliament election, 1999 (Germany)

• オハイオ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Ohio

• ミネソタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Minnesota

• アイダホ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Idaho

• モンタナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Montana
• List of United States Senators from Montana

• アラスカ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Alaska

• イリノイ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Illinois

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (ドイツ)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Germany)

• 上院議員の税計画は単なるごまかしだった
• the senator's tax program was mere jugglery

• イリノイ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Illinois

• テネシー州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Tennessee

• アラバマ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Alabama
• List of United States Senators from Alabama

• アラスカ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Alaska
• List of United States Senators from Alaska

• モンタナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Montana

• カンザス州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Kansas

• アラバマ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Alabama

• 1994年欧州議会議員選挙 (ドイツ)
• European Parliament election, 1994 (Germany)

• アイオワ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Iowa

• ミズーリ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Missouri

• アイダホ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Idaho

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (チェコ)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Czech Republic)

• 國會議員の總選擧の施行を公示すること。
• Proclamation of general election of members of the Diet.

• 1989年欧州議会議員選挙 (ドイツ)
• European Parliament election, 1989 (West Germany)

• ミズーリ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Missouri

• ミシガン州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Michigan

• コロラド州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Colorado

• テネシー州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee

• オレゴン州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Oregon

• アイオワ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Iowa

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (チェコ)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Czech Republic)

• オハイオ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio

• アリゾナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona

• フロリダ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Florida

• 彼はチェスター区選出の議員に当選した。
• He got in for Chester.

• 従二位・元老院議官・子爵・貴族院議員。
• He was raised to a viscount and Junii (junior second rank); he served as Genroin-Gikan (councilor of the Chamber of the Elders) and as Kizokuin-Giin (member of the House of Peers).

• 明治24年（1891年）：貴族院議員。
• 1891: he became a member of the House of Peers.

• 宍戸たまき　子爵・元老院議官・貴族院議員
• Tamaki SHISHIDO: Viscount, Genroin gikan, (councillor of Chamber of Elders or Senate) the member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers)

• 第1回衆議院議員総選挙に出馬するも落選。
• Although he ran in the first election for the member of the House of Representatives, he was defeated.

• 10月、貴族院議員、初代貴族院書記官長。
• In October, he became a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and the first Chief Executive Secretary of the house.

• 評議員会を置く場合には、これに関する事項
• Items on the board of councillors if a board is to be established;

• 彼が山田議員に提案理由の説明を求めます。
• He asks Councilor Yamada to explain the reason of the motion.

• バーモント州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Vermont

• デラウェア州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• List of United States Senators from Delaware

• バーモント州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Vermont

• 1989年欧州議会議員選挙 (イタリア)
• European Parliament election, 1989 (Italy)

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (イギリス)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (United Kingdom)

• ネブラスカ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Nebraska

• 1989年欧州議会議員選挙 (スペイン)
• European Parliament election, 1989 (Spain)

• デラウェア州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Delaware

• ワシントン州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Washington (state)

• オクラホマ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Oklahoma

• 1984年欧州議会議員選挙 (イタリア)
• European Parliament election, 1984 (Italy)

• 1999年欧州議会議員選挙 (スペイン)
• European Parliament election, 1999 (Spain)

• オクラホマ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• List of United States Senators from Oklahoma

• 上院議員は、消費税を撤廃するよう提案した
• the senator proposed to abolish the sales tax

• ジョージア州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• List of United States Senators from Georgia
• United States Senators from Georgia (U.S. state)

• ワシントン州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Washington (state)

• 1999年欧州議会議員選挙 (イタリア)
• European Parliament election, 1999 (Italy)

• 1994年欧州議会議員選挙 (フランス)
• European Parliament election, 1994 (France)

• ルイジアナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana

• バージニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Virginia

• ミシシッピ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Mississippi

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (イタリア)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Italy)

• ネブラスカ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Nebraska

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (スペイン)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Spain)

• バージニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (イギリス)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (United Kingdom)

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (フランス)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (France)

• 1999年欧州議会議員選挙 (フランス)
• European Parliament election, 1999 (France)

• ジョージア州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state)

• 1994年欧州議会議員選挙 (イタリア)
• European Parliament election, 1994 (Italy)

• 1994年欧州議会議員選挙 (スペイン)
• European Parliament election, 1994 (Spain)

• ルイジアナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Louisiana

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (スペイン)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Spain)

• ミシシッピ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• List of United States Senators from Mississippi

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (フランス)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (France)

• 1989年欧州議会議員選挙 (フランス)
• European Parliament election, 1989 (France)

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (イタリア)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Italy)

• 川崎正蔵　神戸川崎財閥創立者、貴族院議員
• Shozo KAWASAKI, the founder of Kobe Kawasaki Zaibatsu and a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers)

• 1894年、勅選により貴族院議員に就く。
• He received Imperial command to become the Kizokuin (the House of Peers) member in 1894.

• 政府か野党に定期的に投票しない下院の議員
• a member of the House of Commons who does not vote regularly with either the government or the Opposition

• フランスの聖職者および英国の聖職上院議員
• the clergy in France and the heads of the church in Britain

• 堀江芳介 陸軍少将・元老院議官・衆議院議員
• Yoshisuke HORIE: Army Major General, Genroin gikan, (councillor of Chamber of Elders or Senate) the member of the House of Representatives

• 同年には貴族院 (日本)勅撰議員となった。
• In the same year, he was appointed a member of the House of Peers (Japan) by the imperial command.

• 1875年（明治8年）、元老院議員となる。
• In 1875, he took office as a councilor in Genroin (the Chamber of Elders).

• 1899年- 貴族院議員（- 1912年）
• 1899: He became a member of the House of Peers (- 1912).

• 両議院の議員の定数は、法律でこれを定める。
• The number of the members of each House shall be fixed by law.

• 四　国会議員の総選挙の施行を公示すること。
• Proclamation of general election of members of the Diet.

• 山田議員の政治への姿勢には頭が下がります。
• I feel compelled to tip my hat at Mr. Yamada's political attitude.

• 壬生基泰（もとやす）も貴族院議員を務めた。
• Motoyasu MIBU also served as the member of House of Lords.

• アーカンソー州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Arkansas

• サウスダコタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from South Dakota

• サウスダコタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• List of United States Senators from South Dakota

• アーカンソー州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Arkansas
• List of United States Senators from Arkansas

• ケンタッキー州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Kentucky

• コネチカット州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Connecticut

• メリーランド州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Maryland
• List of United States Senators from Maryland

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (ポルトガル)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Portugal)

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (リトアニア)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Lithuania)

• その上院議員は、彼が法案に反対すると述べた
• The senator said he would oppose the bill

• ワイオミング州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• List of United States Senators from Wyoming

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (リトアニア)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Lithuania)

• ニューヨーク州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York

• インディアナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Indiana

• メリーランド州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Maryland

• ノースダコタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from North Dakota

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (スロバキア)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Slovakia)

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (ポルトガル)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Portugal)

• 2009年欧州議会議員選挙 (ポーランド)
• European Parliament election, 2009 (Poland)

• ニューヨーク州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from New York

• コネチカット州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut

• 兩議院の議員の定數は、法律でこれを定める。
• The number of the members of each House shall be fixed by law.

• インディアナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Indiana

• ケンタッキー州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (スロバキア)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Slovakia)

• 2004年欧州議会議員選挙 (ポーランド)
• European Parliament election, 2004 (Poland)

• ワイオミング州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Wyoming

• ノースダコタ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from North Dakota

• その議員は抗議を表明するために立ち上がった
• the senator rose to register his protest

• 貴族院 (日本)議員、宮中顧問官をつとめた。
• He served as a member of Kizokuin (Japan's House of Peers) and an imperial court councilor.

• 長男：吉井幸蔵（伯爵、海軍少佐、貴族院議員）
• Eldest son: Kozo YOSHII (a Count, lieutenant commander of the Navy, and a member of the House of Peers)

• 1908年11月、東京市会議員に当選、就任。
• In November, 1908, he was elected to be a member of Tokyo City Assemply.

• 更生保護法人に、評議員会を置くことができる。
• The juridical person for offenders rehabilitation may have a Board of Councillors.

• 国政参加の権利、衆議院議員の選挙・被選挙権。
• 1) The right to participate in the national government, the right to vote in House of Representatives elections and eligibility to run in said elections.

• 富士見町の跡地には衆議院議員九段宿舎がある。
• The Kudan dormitory of the member of the House of Representatives in Fujimi-cho Town stands where a residence used to be.

• 群馬県知事選挙、参議院議員選挙の年は８月下旬
• When Gunma Prefectural gubernatorial and Upper House elections are held, the festival is held in late August.

• 室町公大（きんもと）は、貴族院議員を務めた。
• Kinmoto MUROMACHI served as a member of the House of Lords.

• ペンシルベニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania

• ウィスコンシン州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Wisconsin

• ニューメキシコ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from New Mexico

• 前上院議員はこの政権では失脚者として扱われる
• the former senator is treated as a nonperson by this administration

• その上院議員は党首が辞任するように力を注いだ
• the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign

• その上院議員は地元の州で選挙の勝利をおさめた
• The senator carried his home state

• カリフォルニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from California

• ペンシルベニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Pennsylvania

• カリフォルニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from California

• ニューメキシコ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from New Mexico

• ウィスコンシン州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Wisconsin

• 1879年には東京学士会院議員に選出された。
• In 1879, he was elected to be a member of the Tokyo Academy.

• 米国の下院議員1人を選ぶ権利を与えられている
• entitled to elect one member to the United States House of Representatives

• 議会に関するものであるか、議会を構成する議員
• relating to a legislature or composed of members of a legislature

• 郡会議員は3分の2が各町村議会の互選であった。
• Two-thirds of the Gunkai members were chosen by an internal vote of town and village assemblies.

• 1919年（大正8年）に男爵議員を中心に結成。
• The group was formed with baron councilors as its main members in 1919.

• 翌年議長、議員共に辞職、のち同志社を軸に活動。
• He resigned both his position as chairman and his membership next year, and then was engaged mainly in the operation of Doshisha.

• 衆議院若しくは参議院の議員又はその職に在つた者
• A Member or ex-Member of the House of Representatives or the House of Councillors

• 何人も、同時に両議院の議員たることはできない。
• No person shall be permitted to be a member of both Houses simultaneously.

• 貴族院 (日本)議員や第一銀行取締役を務める。
• He was a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and worked as a board member of Daiichi Bank.

• ロードアイランド州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Rhode Island

• ニュージャージー州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from New Jersey
• List of United States Senators from New Jersey

• ロードアイランド州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Rhode Island

• ニュージャージー州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from New Jersey

• その上院議員は彼の反対者から厳しい批判を受けた
• the senator received severe criticism from his opponent

• 上院議員は、健康管理プランを後援すると発表した
• The senator announced that he would sponsor the health care plan

• その徴税令状には、全体に上院議員の指紋があった
• that tax bill had the senator's fingerprints all over it

• 彼は、派手な上院議員のために引き立て役を務めた
• He stooged for the flamboyant Senator

• 上院議員は、請求を破るために強圧的に押し通した
• The Senator steamrollered the bill to defeat

• 何人も、同時に兩議院の議員たることはできない。
• No person shall be permitted to be a member of both Houses simultaneously.

• マサチューセッツ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from Massachusetts

• マサチューセッツ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts

• サウスカロライナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina

• サウスカロライナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from South Carolina

• ノースカロライナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from North Carolina

• ノースカロライナ州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from North Carolina

• しかし直後に政権は崩壊、田中も野党議員となった。
• Shortly after that, however, the administration collapsed and Tanaka became the opposition lawmaker.

• 第4回衆議院議員総選挙最中に日清戦争が始まった。
• It was in the middle of the fourth general election for the House of Representatives when the Sino-Japanese War broke out.

• （後に親政府議員を結集して国民協会を結成する。）
• (They gathered pro-government councilors to form National Association later.)

• 土曜会の後継会派で官僚系勅撰議員が中心となった。
• The group succeeded the Doyokai group and its main members were Chokusen councilors with a bureaucratic background.

• 明治期に海軍少輔・元老院議官・貴族院議員を歴任。
• In the Meiji period, he worked as the Junior Assistant Minister of the Navy, a councilor of Genroin (the Chamber of Elders), and a member of the House of Peers.

• 政界にも地歩を築き1893年、衆議院議員に選出。
• He gained a foothold in the political arena, and he was elected a member of the Lower House in 1893.

• 最初の府会議員の一人となり、初代議長にもなった。
• He became one of the first Kyoto prefectural representatives, and also the first chairman.

• 次の事項は、評議員会の議決を経なければならない。
• The following issues shall be subject to resolutions of the Council:

• 評議員会に議長を置き、会長をもつてこれにあてる。
• The Council shall have a Chairman and the President shall serve as the Chairman.

• - 皇室の重要な事項を合議、皇族も議員として参加
• Discussing matters important to the Imperial Family, together with imperial members who are also members of the council

• 彼女は、彼女の下院議員に彼女を助けるように頼んだ
• She called on her Representative to help her

• ニューハンプシャー州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from New Hampshire

• ニューハンプシャー州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from New Hampshire

• ウェストバージニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国下院議員
• Members of the United States House of Representatives from West Virginia

• ウェストバージニア州選出のアメリカ合衆国上院議員
• United States Senators from West Virginia

• 大陸会議の議員と1776年の憲法制定会議の報告者
• member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776

• 第92回議会停会当時の議員総数は373名であった。
• The total number of councilors at the time of the closing of the ninety-second ordinary Diet session was 373.

• 後には官僚出身の勅選議員も多く所属することとなる。
• Later on, the group produced many Chokusen councilors with a bureaucratic background.

• 原敬らの画策により結成された官僚系勅撰議員の会派。
• Forming this group was the idea of Takashi HARA and others with Chokusen councilors with a bureaucratic background.

• 明治23年（1890年）2月、貴族院議員を兼ねる。
• February 1890: He became a member of the Kizokuin (the House of Peers) while continuing to serve other posts.

• 1920年には貴族院 (日本)議員に就任している。
• In 1920, he took a position as a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 当時の制度によって、衆議院議員は引き続き兼務した。
• Due to the system those days, he doubled as a member of the House of Representatives.

• しかし1924年の総選挙で落選し議員生活を離れる。
• But in 1924, he was not elected in the general election, and he separated from the life of Dietman.

• 解決を見つけるために無駄に裁判にかけられる市会議員
• the city fathers tried vainly to find a solution

• 国会議員は大企業との彼のコネクションで懐を肥やした
• The congressmen feathered his nest through his connection with big business

• 2003年　日本教育書道藝術院同人会　評議員となる
• 2003: She became a councilor of Nihon Kyoiku Shodo Geijutuin Dojinkai.

• 8年2月、理化学研究所監事及び評議員に委嘱される。
• In February 1919, he was appointed to kanji (supervisor) and hyogiin (trustee) of the Rikagaku Kenkyusho (RIKEN).

• 構成は議長と一等から三等の議員、それに書記からなる。
• It consisted of a chairman, councillors with the ranks of the first to the third, and secretaries.

• 満25歳に達した公爵・侯爵は、自動的に議員となった。
• When princes and marquis reached 25 years of age, they automatically became councilors.

• -「昭和天皇最後のご学友」として知られる元貴族院議員
• A former member of the House of Peers and known as 'the last fellow student of the Emperor Showa'

• 大正4年（1915年）3月 高知県選出の衆議院議員。
• In March, 1915, he became a member of the House of Representatives elected from Kochi Prefecture.

• 明治23年（1890年）以降は貴族院 (日本)議員。
• He served as a member of Kizokuin (Japan's House of Peers) since 1890.

• 衆議院議員、逓信大臣、内務大臣 (日本)などを歴任。
• He held various posts, which included a member of the House of Representatives, the Minister of Communications, and the Minister of Home Affairs (Japan).

• 委員は、都道府県の議会の議員と兼ねることができない。
• Each commission member may not serve as a member of the assembly of each prefecture.

• 唯一朝鮮人として朴春琴が衆議院議員に選出されている。
• Only Chun-Geum PAK was elected a member of Lower House as a Korean.

• 日本の伝統文化並びにいけ花を愛する議員連盟（幹事長）
• Parliamentary Association of Representatives Who Admire the Japanese Traditional Culture and Flower Arrangement

• 明治33年（1900年）帝国大学評議員に任命される。
• In 1990, he was appointed councilor of the Imperial University.

• 平田東助らが中心となって結成した官僚系勅撰議員の会派。
• Tosuke HIRATA and others played a central role in forming the party with Chokusen councilors with a bureaucratic background.

• 広田弘毅、後藤文夫といった勅選議員が中心となって結成。
• The main members were Chokusen councilors including Koki HIROTA and Fumio GOTO.

• 海軍中将まで昇進した後､政界に転じて貴族院議員となる。
• After being promoted to vice admiral, he turned to politics and became a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 1890年、第1回衆議院議員総選挙に出馬して補欠当選。
• In 1890, he ran for the first general election of the members of the House of Representatives and won the election as a fill-in member.

• 1970年11月 京都大学評議員（1971年4月まで）
• November 1970 - Trustee, Kyoto University (until April 1971)

• 同時に満州国顧問、貴族院勅撰議員、内閣顧問を兼務した。
• At the same time he had the positions of an advisor of Manchukuo, a councilor of the House of Peers at the Imperial command, and an advisor of the Cabinet.

• なお、皇族の身分を離れたことで貴族院議員の職も失った。
• Because he lost his membership in the Imperial family, he also lost his membership in the House of Peers.

• 多くの上院議員がスキャンダルにつながって名前を出された
• Many senators were named in connection with the scandal

• 上院議員は、このプロジェクトは金の無駄遣いだ、と言った
• the senator said that the project was a waste of money

• 貴族院 (日本)へは男爵中で互選した者が議員となった。
• The councilors of the Japanese House of Peers were chosen from barons by a mutual vote among themselves.

• 川崎造船所社長、衆議院議員（日本進歩党）、美術収集家。
• He was the president of Kawasaki Dockyard, a member of the House of Representatives (belonging to Nihon Shinpo-to [Progressive Party]), and an art collector.

• 退任後も貴族院議員を務め、臨時教育会議の委員を務める。
• After leaving the cabinet position, he served as a member of the House of Peers and also as a member of the temporary Education Commission.

• 子爵・麝香間祗候・貴族院議員・京都府権知事・大阪府大参事
• He was a viscount, Jako-no-ma shiko (Jako Hall attendance), member of the House of Peers, the Kyoto prefectural governor, and secretary of Osaka Prefecture.

• 審議では主に学識者を中心とした勅任議員が存在感を見せた。
• Within the Diet, Chokunin Councilors - who were mainly scholars - increased their power.

• 1890年（明治23年）衆議院議員に当選（滋賀第3区）。
• In 1890, he was elected to the House of Representatives from the Shiga third district.

• 信彦は山口県議会議員を2期務め、優れた漢学者でもあった。
• Nobuhiko served two terms as councilor of the prefectural council of Yamaguchi Prefecture and he was also a great scholar of the Chinese classics.

• 府県会の議員は、財産ある男子の制限選挙により公選された。
• The members of prefectural assemblies were elected only by well-to-do men who were allowed to vote.

• 1963年 ダニエル・イノウエが初の日系上院議員となる。
• In 1963, Daniel INOUYE became the first Japanese Senator.

• 三遊亭窓里（川越市議会議員）著書『三遊亭窓里の自画自賛』
• Sori SANYUTEI (Kawagoe city councilor), his author 'Sori SANYUTEI's self-admiration'

• 徳川宗敬（一橋徳川家に養子、貴族院副議長、参議院議員。）
• Muneyoshi TOKUGAWA (adopted into the Hitotsubashi Tokugawa family; the deputy chairman of the House of Peers; a member of the House of Councilors)

• ちなみにアメリカの立法府は下院議員補佐官などの例がある。
• In the United States, an example of government officials in the Judicial branch is the aides to Representatives.

• 妻は衆議院議員の池坊保子、長女は次期家元池坊由紀である。
• His wife is Yasuko IKENOBO, a member of the House of Representatives, and his eldest daughter is Yuki IKENOBO who will be the next iemoto (the head of the school).

• 1936年には第19回衆議院議員総選挙に立候補し初当選。
• In 1936, he ran in the 19th election of the House of Representatives and was elected for the first time.

• この年貴族院議員に任じられ、政友会系の交友倶楽部に属した。
• In this year (1922) he was appointed a member of the House of Peers and became a member of the Koyu club (a parliamentary group within the House of Peers) affiliated to the Seiyu Party.

• 同23年（1890年）帝国議会創設により貴族院議員に就任。
• Upon the establishment of the Imperial Diet in 1890, he became a member of the House of Peers.

• 議員としての中川は、常任委員会第三部請願委員などを勤めた。
• As a member of the House of Peers, NAKAGAWA took charge of the petition council of the 3rd department of the standing committee.

• 初代陸軍軍医総監や貴族院 (日本)の勅撰議員などを務めた。
• He served as the first army surgeon general and a member of the House of Peers nominated by the Emperor.

• 両議院は、全国民を代表する選挙された議員でこれを組織する。
• Both Houses shall consist of elected members, representative of all the people.

• 京北町側の意志により、議員の定数特例不採用もあわせて決定。
• According to the will of Keihoku Town, it was also decided not to apply the exception to the fixed number of assembly members.

• 1986年9月　「関西文化学術研究都市促進議員連盟」発足。
• September, 1986: 'The diet member confederation for promoting the construction of Kansai Science City' was inaugurated.

• 兩議院は、全國民を代表する選擧された議員でこれを組織する。
• Both Houses shall consist of elected members, representative of all the people.

• 上院議員の期限満了になっていない任期を満たすために選ばれる
• elected to fill the senator's unexpired term

• 明治時代には貴族院議員などをつとめて政治家として活躍した。
• During the Meiji Period, he became a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and played an active role as a politician.

• 知事とか国会議員とか、そういう要職を選んでるんだろうか？　
• Was it to nominate some high official - a governor or member of Congress?

• 研究会_(貴族院)の千家尊福ら男爵議員が離脱して結成された。
• It was formed by baronial members of an assembly including Takatomi SENGE who left from the Kenkyu-kai (the House of Peers).

• 明治時代に北海道庁長官、第7師団長、貴族院議員等を歴任する。
• In the Meiji Period, he served in a variety of high ranking positions, such as Director General of the Hokkaido government, Chief of the 7th division of the Japanese Imperial Army and a Member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 1891年（明治24年）：貴族院勅選議員となり、政治家に転身
• In 1891 he became a councilor of the House of Peers that was selected by Imperial command, changing his career into politics.

• - 湯地定基：貴族院議員、根室県県令（1843-1928）。
• Sadamoto YUCHI: a member of the House of Peers, a prefectural governor (1843-1928)

• 立憲政友会公認で旧山口一区から衆議院議員総選挙に立候補した。
• He ran for a member of the House of Representatives at general election as a Rikken Seiyukai anointed candidate from former Yamaguchi First Electoral District.

• 三男 松方幸次郎（実業家、政治家）川崎造船所社長、衆議院議員
• Third son : Kojiro MATSUKATA (businessman, statesman) president of the Kawasaki Shipyards, a member of the House of Representatives

• 地方政治参加の権利、地方議会議員の選挙・被選挙権（公民権）。
• 2) The right to participate in local politics, the right to vote in local assembly elections and eligibility to run in said elections (civil rights).

• - ハワイ州で日系人の女性共和党員として初の下院議員に選出。
• She was the first female Japanese American Republican to be elected for the U.S. House of Representatives from Hawaii.

• その上院議員は、金曜日のスピーチの中で、政権を激しく非難した
• The Senator blistered the administration in his speech on Friday

• 但し、その過半數は、國會議員の中から選ばれなければならない。
• However, a majority of their number must be chosen from among the members of the Diet.

• 明治23年（1890年）、貴族院 (日本)議員に選出される。
• In 1890, he was elected a member of the House of Peers.

• 子に小笠原勁一（貴族院議員）、麗子（土井利剛夫人）らがいる。
• He had children including Keiichi OGASAWARA (a member of the House of Peers) and Reiko (Toshikata DOI's wife).

• 国会の開催期間で、英国議会の議員が大臣に質問することができる
• a period during a parliamentary session when members of British Parliament may ask questions of the ministers

• 議員が彼らの有権者に気に入られるように考案された立法上の予算
• a legislative appropriation designed to ingratiate legislators with their constituents

• 下議院の規則である「国会議員規則」を起草したことでも知られる。
• The Sain is also known for having drafted 'regulations for the members of parliament,' which was a set of rules for the lower house of parliament.'

• その代表が第1回衆議院議員総選挙直後に設立された大成会である。
• One example being the Taiseikai (Great Achievement party) that was established after the first general election of members of the House of Representatives.

• 茶話会の後継会派で旧茶話会と無所属議員を中心として結成された。
• The group succeeded the Sawakai group and its main members were ex-Sawakai and independent councilors.

• 公議所議長・左院少議官・元老院議官・貴族院議員などを歴任した。
• He held various posts in a row such as the president of Kogisho (the lower house), an executive member of the Council of the Left, a councilor of Genroin (Chamber of Elders), and a member of the House of Peers.

• 三次は帝都復興院参与・貴族院議員を務め正三位勲三等伯爵に昇る。
• Sanji was raised to the count ranked Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and decorated the Third Order of Merit, after serving as Sanyo (the councilor) of Teito Fukko-in (The Imperial Capital Reconstruction Board) and a member of the House of Peers.

• 貴族院議員・筑摩県権県令・新潟県令等を務めた永山盛輝男爵は兄。
• Baron Moriteru NAGAYAMA, who served as a Member of the House of Peers, Provisional Governor of Chikuma Prefecture, and Governor of Niigata Prefecture, was his elder brother.

• 監事は、理事、評議員又は更生保護法人の職員を兼ねてはならない。
• The auditor shall not concomitantly be appointed director, councillor or employee of the juridical person for offenders rehabilitation.

• （この内紛によって所属衆議院議員の1/3が離党・除名された）。
• (This internal discord resulted in a loss of one third of the party members of the House of Representatives; they either left the party or were struck off the list.)

• 明治27年（1894年）に第4回衆議院議員総選挙で返り咲いた。
• In 1894 he was re-elected in the forth general election of the members of the House of Representatives.

• なお、日本国憲法下では、首相は現在のところ全て衆議院議員である。
• Under the current constitution of Japan, all the Prime Ministers have been from the House of Representatives.

• 親民政党議員が多く、貴族院における民政党の別働隊として活動した。
• Most councilors were pro-Minsei Party and it acted as a supporting group for the Minsei Party (civil administration party).

• 議員仲間の高橋正意に送った手紙が貴重な新選組関係史料として残る。
• The letters that were sent to Seii TAKAHASHI, who also was a member of the assembly, have been kept as valuable historical materials about the Shinsengumi.

• 明治23年（1890年）9月、貴族院 (日本)議員に勅撰される。
• In September 1890, he became an imperial nominee to the House of Peers.

• 1920年、後立憲民政党となる憲政会から出馬し衆議院議員初当選。
• In 1920, he ran for a member of the House of Representatives from Kensei-kai political party which would later be reorganized into Rikken Minsei-to political party, and he was elected for the first time.

• 曾孫：吉井滋（伯爵、後楽園スタヂアム支配人、日本野球連盟評議員）
• Great-grandchild: Shigeru YOSHII (a Count, general manager of Korakuen Stadium, councilor of Japan Amateur Baseball Association)

• 武敏は陸軍大佐正二位勲三等功五級（金鵄勲章）・貴族院議員となる。
• Taketoshi became Colonel of the Army, was awarded with the court rank of Senior Second Grade and the third Order of the Golden Pheasant, Fifth Class, and became a member of the House of Peers.

• 彼が国会前座り込みと議員要請行動を１１時から１時の間に行います。
• He will hold a sit-in in front of the Diet and petition members of the Diet from 11:00 a.m to 1:00 a.m.

• 府県会の議員は公選で、郡区ごとに五人以下が選ばれた（第10条）。
• Five or less councilors were selected by public election (Article 10).

• 帝国議会を開設し、衆議院は公選された議員からなること（第3章）。
• The Imperial Diet shall be established, and the House of Representatives shall be composed of members elected by the people (Chapter 3).

• 翌1890年第1回衆議院議員総選挙が行われ、帝国議会が開かれた。
• The next year in 1890, the first general election of members of the House of Representatives was held and Imperial Diet opened.

• 同年5月15日、常議員会で武術専門学校を武道専門学校に変更承認。
• On May 15 of the same year, Jogiinkai (the permanent committee) approved of changing the name from Bujutsu Senmon Gakko to Budo Senmon Gakko (Vocational Training School of Martial Arts).

• あらゆる提案に対して共和党側から頑強に反抗される民主党の上院議員
• The Democratic senators recalcitrated against every proposal from the Republican side

• 上院議員は、自分がカメラに向かって話していることに気付かなかった
• the senator didn't realize that he was speaking on camera

• 京都府知事（初代）、元老院議官、貴族院議員などの要職を歴任した。
• He held key posts such Governor of Kyoto Prefecture (first governor), Genroin Gikan (Councilor of Chamber of Elders), and was a member of the House of Peers.

• 1933年～1946年 佐佐木行忠（佐佐木高行の孫、貴族院議員）
• 1933 - 1946: Yukitada SASAKI (the grandson of Takayuki SASAKI, a member of the House of Peers)

• 主な例としては参議院議員や功績著しい大学教授にその例が見られる。
• Major examples are members of the House of Councilors and university professor with great achievements.

• 翌1947年には第1回参議院議員通常選挙に自由党より出馬し当選。
• In the following year (1947), running as a Liberal Party candidate, he was elected in the first regular Upper House election.

• 昭和十一年京都府第二区で衆議院議員に当選　以来回を重ねること四回
• In 1936, he was elected to the House of Representatives from Kyoto District 2 and served 4 terms.

• 現在の手続きが議員運営手続きによって許されるかどうかに関する質問
• a question as to whether the current proceedings are allowed by parliamentary procedure

• 大日本帝国憲法下では、内閣総理大臣は国会議員でいる必要はなかった。
• Under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the prime minister was not required to be a member of the Diet.

• 神戸商工会議所会頭、貴族院 (日本)議員などを歴任し大正14年没。
• He held various posts in a row, such as the president of the Kobe Chamber of Commerce and a member of the House of Peers, and passed away in 1925.

• 彼は広がりを見せる汚職スキャンダルで摘発された最初の国会議員です。
• He is the first national politician to be named in a widening corruption scandal.

• 1876年に元老院議官、1890年（明治22年）に貴族院議員に選出。
• He was elected as Councilor of the Senate in 1876 and as Councilor of House of Peers.

• 大臣退任後は宮中顧問官・貴族院議員・御料局長・錦鶏間祗候を歴任する。
• After retiring as the Minister, he held prominent posts of an imperial court councilor, a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers), head of the Imperial Property Department, and Kinkei-no-ma shiko (privileged attendant at the Kinkei-no-ma Hall of Kyoto Imperial Palace).

• 明治23年（1890年）第1回衆議院議員総選挙に出馬、初当選を飾る。
• In 1890, he ran for the first general election of the members of the House of Representatives, and was elected for the first time.

• 1890年に衆議院議員に当選し、1893年には衆議院議長に就任した。
• In 1890 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives, becoming its chairman in 1893.

• その理事、監事及び評議員のうちに、次のいずれかに該当する者があるもの
• Persons falling under any of the following are among its directors, auditors and councillors:

• 特に、ある計画の通過を実現するための議員の間での影響または投票の交換
• especially trading of influence or votes among legislators to gain passage of certain projects

• 岩村通俊 男爵・勲一等旭日大綬章・北海道庁長官・貴族院議員・宮中顧問官
• Michitoshi IWAMURA: Baron, Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun, the director general of the Hokkaido government, the member of Kizokuin, (the House of Peers) the imperial court councillor

• 軍を退役した後は明治36年(1903年)11月から貴族院議員を務める。
• After retiring from the Army, he served as a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) from November 1903.

• 万里小路通房は、明治維新後、伯爵に叙せられ、侍従、貴族院議員を務めた。
• After the Meiji Restoration, the peerage of count was conferred on Michifusa MADENOKOJI and he served as a jiju (a chamberlain) and a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 官位は陸軍中将正四位勲二等侯爵に昇り、元老院議官・貴族院議員を務める。
• His official rank was Marquis and Lieutenant General, Shoshii Kun nito (Senior Fourth Rank, Order of the Second Class) and he was a member of the Genroin (Chamber of Elders) and the Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• イギリスでは男爵は上院議員になることができる貴族の最下位の称号である。
• In England, a Baron is the lowest-ranked title that is eligible for a peerage.

• こうした状況に不満を抱いた千家や杉渓言長らは男爵議員の総結集を目指した。
• Some members such as SENGE and Tokinaga SUGITANI were dissatisfied with such circumstances and aimed to mobilize entire baronial members.

• 以後、大正9年（1920年）の第14回衆議院議員総選挙まで連続当選した。
• Since then, he was elected consecutively until the fourteenth general election of members of the House of Representatives in 1920.

• その後、東京市会議員、1879年には元老院議官、元老院 (日本)副議長。
• After this, he was a Tokyo City councillor, and in 1879 joined the Chamber of Elders, becoming its vice-chairman.

• 両議院の議員は、法律の定めるところにより、国庫から相当額の歳費を受ける。
• Members of both Houses shall receive appropriate annual payment from the national treasury in accordance with law.

• 国会又は地方公共団体の議会の議員その他公選による公職の候補者となること。
• Becoming a candidate for the Diet, for any local council, or for any elected public office;

• また、議院法、貴族院令、衆議院議員選挙法、会計法なども同時に定められた。
• The Parliamentary Law, Law of House of Peers, and the House of Representatives Election Law were also enacted the same time.

• 兩議院の議員は、法律の定めるところにより、國庫から相當額の歳費を受ける。
• Members of both Houses shall receive appropriate annual payment from the national treasury in accordance with law.

• 兩議院の議員は、法律の定めるところにより、國庫から相當額の歲費を受ける。
• Members of both Houses shall receive appropriate annual payment from the national treasury in accordance with law.

• 一方、茨城県選出の衆議院議員達は県境変更法案を準備して帝国議会に望んだ。
• On the other hand, the members of the House of Representatives elected in Ibaraki Prefecture prepared the bill for changing the prefectural border and attended the Imperial Diet.

• 1925年：貴族院議員、ついで台湾銀行監査役となり、ともに死去まで在任。
• 1925: He became a member of the House of Peers and auditor of the Bank of Taiwan, and he kept these positions until he died.

• 以後、1919年の公正会結成運動まで男爵議員の分散状態は続くことになった。
• After that, the circumstances of the baronial members disassembled continued until the Kousei-kai was formed in 1919.

• 同選挙後には無所属議員による大手倶楽部の結成などにより政界再編成が進んだ。
• An extensive reorganization of the government was carried out after the election, including the Ote Club established by nonpartisans.

• 少数派ではあったが、終身議員のみで構成されており、強い影響力を持っていた。
• It was only a small group but with lifetime members and extensive authority.

• 伊藤博文・西園寺公望の系統につながる、政党政治に理解のある議員を結集した。
• They gathered councilors who had great understanding of party government and with connection to the lines of Hirobumi ITO and Kinmochi SAIONJI.

• 政治的には星亨の派閥に属し、1896年（明治29年）、東京市会議員に当選。
• He was politically aligned with the sect of Toru HOSHI, and in 1896, Shohei was elected as a member of Tokyo City Council.

• 1925年7月には第2回全国大会を京都帝大で開催、代議員80名が参加した。
• In July, 1925, the 2nd national gathering was held at Kyoto Imperial University, in which 80 representatives were participated.

• かつて政治をやっていたのは、何といっても立川談志（落語界唯一の国会議員）。
• The most famous one who used to be in politics is Danshi TATEKAWA (The only Diet member in the rakugo world).

• この目的のために開会される場合には、議員は宣誓又は確約しなければならない。
• When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation.

• 位階勲等子爵、貴族院議員東坊城徳長の三男で、戦前の日活撮影所等で活躍した。
• He was the third son of Yoshinaga HIGASHIBOJO, a Viscount (court rank and honors) and a member of the House of Peers, working actively at the Nikkatsu Studio in the prewar period.

• 1891年11月21日に男爵に叙任され、その後は貴族院議員として活動した。
• Chokichi became a baron on November 21, 1891 and later worked as a member of the House of Peers.

• ところが、木曜会内部には政党に否定的な議員も多く、この入閣を機に内紛が勃発。
• However, inside of the Mokuyo-kai there were many members who had disapproved of the political party and then after Senge joined the Cabinet, internal disputes broke out.

• 国会若しくは地方公共団体の議会の議員となり、又は積極的に政治運動をすること。
• Becoming a member of the Diet or of the legislative assembly of a local public entity, or actively engaging in political activities;
• To become members of the Diet or of assemblies of local public entities or actively engage in political movements.

• 1950年（昭和25年）6月の第2回参議院議員通常選挙に全国区で出馬し当選。
• In June 1950 he stood in the national constituency for the second regular election for the House of Councillors and won a seat.

• 議員の一部は貴族院内で研究会などの会派を作り、政治上にも大きな影響を与えた。
• Some members of Kizokuin formed factions through gathering at workshop or other meetings within Kizokuin, and such faction exerted powerful influence on the politics.

• 橋本実斐（さねあや）は、貴族院議員、内務省参与官、文部省政務次官を歴任した。
• Saneaya HASHIMOTO served as a member of the House of Lords, the Counselor of the Internal Ministry, and the Vice-Minister of the Education Ministry.

• 京都府知事を退任後も政治の中枢で活躍し、貴族院議員などとして権勢を振るった。
• He was active as a leading political figure even after the resignation and exercised his power, for example, as a member of the House of Peers.

• この方式は、国会における国会議員等物故時の弔詞において今なお踏襲されている。
• This system is still used today in a memorial address given at the time of a Diet member's death and the like.

• 退官後、1902年1月23日に貴族院議員に勅撰され、錦鶏間祗候を命ぜられる。
• After retiring from office, Heinai was appointed a member of the House of Peers by Imperial command on January 23, 1902, and also was appointed 'Kinkeinoma shiko' (a title in the Imperial court).

• 同年、坪野市政に対抗するため、周囲の勧めもあって地方議会議員選に出馬し当選。
• In order to fight against the Tsubono administration, he ran for municipal council with support from others and was elected in the same year.

• 次の日の朝早く、市長が市会議員たちと一緒に、像の下の広場を歩いておりました。
• Early the next morning the Mayor was walking in the square below in company with the Town Councillors.

• そのため、「無所属」はその議員数を大幅に減らして会派として存続の危機を迎える。
• Therefore, the number of assembly member in the 'Independents' drastically reduced so it had difficulty surviving as a faction.

• 1890年7月に子爵による互選で貴族院議員に選出されたが、翌年9月に辞職する。
• In July 1890, he was elected the member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) by mutual vote of viscount, however, in September of the next year, he resigned.

• 選挙区、投票の方法その他両議院の議員の選挙に関する事項は、法律でこれを定める。
• Electoral districts, method of voting and other matters pertaining to the method of election of members of both Houses shall be fixed by law.

• 父・文二郎は秋田村の役場で収入役職に就いていたが、後に村会議員にもなっている。
• His father Bunjiro took office as chamberlain of Akita village and later even became a member of a village assembly.

• 議長：内海貴夫（所属会派：自由民主党京都市会議員団、2007年5月17日就任）
• Chairperson: Takao UTSUMI (party affiliation: Kyoto City Assembly Members of the Liberal Democratic Party, inaugurated on May 17, 2007)

• 「（中略）戦前は議員や国民が自由に発言することは非常に難しかったと思います。」
• (omission of a sentence) I heard that assembly members and the nation had difficulties in speaking freely in the prewar period.'

• 選擧區、投票の方法その他兩議院の議員の選擧に關する事項は、法律でこれを定める。
• Electoral districts, method of voting and other matters pertaining to the method of election of members of both Houses shall be fixed by law.

• 新聞配達の少年が、歩道を「号外、下院議員が惨殺」と大声をだしながら走っていた。
• The newsboys, as he went, were crying themselves hoarse along the footways: 'Special edition. Shocking murder of an M. P.'

• また、勅許を得て辞職すること及びその後勅命により再び議員となることが認められた。
• By receiving Imperial permission, they were able to leave their position and return to it later with an Imperial order.

• 1890年（明治23年）7月10日、第1回貴族院伯子男爵議員互選選挙が行われた。
• The first Kizokuin count, viscount and baron councilors' internal election was conducted on July 10, 1890.

• 横浜住吉町、南大田町で弁護士をはじめ、明治20年（1887年）、県令議員に就任。
• He started working as a lawyer in Minami Ota-cho, Sumiyosi Town, Yokohama, and assumed office as a prefectural governor in 1887.

• 明治30年（1897年）以降、自らが評議員である日本南画協会に定期出品している。
• In 1897 and thereafter, he sent his work to the Nanga Association of Japan competition, an association for which he served as judge.

• 駿東郡長をつとめたり、第1回衆議院議員総選挙で当選、立憲政友会の結成に活躍した。
• He served as the head of Sunto County, and was elected to the Diet in the first general election of members of the House of Representatives, where he was active in the Rikken seiyukai (a political party organized by Hirobumi ITO).

• 両議院の議員は、議院で行つた演説、討論又は表決について、院外で責任を問はれない。
• Members of both Houses shall not be held liable outside the House for speeches, debates or votes cast inside the House.

• 役員等名簿（理事、監事及び評議員の氏名及び住所を記載した名簿をいう。以下同じ。）
• A name list of officers (which means a name list in which the names and addresses of directors, auditors and councillors are described: the same shall apply hereinafter)

• そのほか地方議会の議員に選出される者、中央官庁や地方公共団体に勤務する者もいた。
• Further, some were elected local assembly members, some worked for the central government or local government.

• これに対して屋台側も県議会議員や厚生労働省（当時）を巻き込んだ抵抗運動を行った。
• In contrast, a movement to resist this on behalf of the street stall businesses was initiated by a member of the prefectural assembly and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (of that period).

• 米国憲法の条項で現職の議員は自分の投票に対する報酬を受け取ることを禁じられている
• a clause in the U.S. constitution prevents sitting legislators from receiving emoluments from their own votes

• 兩議院の議員は、議院で行つた演説、討論又は表決について、院外で責任を問はれない。
• Members of both Houses shall not be held liable outside the House for speeches, debates or votes cast inside the House.

• 兩議院の議員は、議院で行つた演說、討論又は表決について、院外で責任を問はれない。
• Members of both Houses shall not be held liable outside the House for speeches, debates or votes cast inside the House.

• その他、国会議員もその経歴・実績に応じ従一位から正四位の間で叙位される例が多い。
• In addition, there are many examples where Diet members were awarded a rank between Juichii (Junior First Rank) and Shoshii (Senior Fourth Rank) according to their careers and achievements.

• 1902年に衆議院議員に当選するが、露探事件でロシア帝国のスパイ疑惑が浮上する。
• In 1902, he was elected to be a member of the House of Representatives, but he came under suspicion as the spy of the Russian Empire when Russian Spy Incident occurred.

• と、 芸術的なセンスがあるという評判を得たがっている一人の市会議員が言いました。
• remarked one of the Town Councillors who wished to gain a reputation for having artistic tastes;

• また、支所ごとに代議員・副長などを置いて、支所下の寺院住職・寺族がその役職に就く。
• Every branch office has the posts such as representative and vice chief, and a chief priest or his family members under the branch office will take those posts.

• 副議長：宮本徹（所属会派：民主・都みらい京都市会議員団、2007年5月17日就任）
• Vice Chairperson: Toru MIYAMOTO (party affiliation: Kyoto City Assembly Members of the Minshu Miyako-Mirai Party, inaugurated on May 17, 2007)

• 結局、美濃部は不敬罪の疑いにより取り調べを受け（起訴猶予）、貴族院議員を辞職した。
• He ended up being inspected on suspicion of lese majesty (suspension of prosecution) and resigned as a member of the House of Peers.

• 上院議長は、上下両院議員出席の下に、すべての証書を開封し、次いで投票が計算される。
• The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted;

• 子に貴族院議員広幡忠礼侯爵、水無瀬経家、娘に鋭姫（徳川慶篤室）、四条隆平室がいる。
• A member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) Marquis Tadaaya HIROHATA and Tsuneie MINASE were his sons, and Princess Eihime (Yoshiatsu TOKUGAWA's wife) and Takahira SHIJO's wife were his daughters.

• ところが停会を知った国民は怒り、桂を擁護する議員に暴行するという事件までが発生する。
• The news of the suspension of the Diet angered the people and some angry citizens went so far as to assault Diet members who had supported KATSURA.

• 都議会内でも超党派の東京都議会花粉症対策推進議員連盟（会長・古賀俊昭）が結成された。
• The nonpartisan Tokyo Assembly Federation for the Promotion of Pollinosis Countermeasures (chairman: Toshiaki KOGA) was also formed within the Tokyo Assembly.

• 次に、同年12月17日の改正衆議院議員選挙法公布により、女性の国政参加が認められる。
• Next came the revised electoral law of the House of Representatives members, promulgated on December 17 of that year, which permitted women to participate in the national government.

• 7月下旬：藤岡まつり（群馬県藤岡市）（群馬県知事選挙、参議院議員選挙の年は8月下旬）
• Late July: Fujioka Matsuri Festival (held in Fujioka City, Gunma Prefecture) (The festival is held in late August when the governor's race of Gunma Prefecture and Upper House election take place)

• 明治時代には華族（侯爵）となり、帝国議会が開かれると貴族院議員に選任されて活躍した。
• During the Meiji Period, he became a member of the peerage (marquis), and when the Imperial Diet was celebrated, he was appointed to a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and had an active role.

• 明治23年（1890年）帝国議会の発足に際し貴族院議員に任命され、錦鶏間祗候となる。
• In 1890, at the inauguration of the Imperial Diet, he was appointed a member of the House of Peers and became 'kinkeinoma-shiko' (a title in the Imperial court).

• 明治23年（1890年）に第1次山縣内閣で実施された第1回衆議院議員総選挙で初当選。
• In 1890 he was elected for the first time in the first general election of the members of the House of Representatives during the first Yamagata administration.

• 1904年3月28日に衆議院本会議で議員辞職を勧める処決決議（辞職勧告決議）が可決。
• On March 28, 1904, the penalty regarding this incident was approved by the plenary session members, to recommend AKIYAMA for resignation.

• 当初、定員は、華族議員の総数以下とされた（1925年（大正14年）にこの規定は廃止）。
• At first, the number of the Chokusen Councilors was to be less than the total number of the peerage councilors (this rule was abolished in 1925).

• 山縣有朋の系統につながる議員を結集し、貴族院における官僚派・反政党主義の牙城となった。
• They gathered councilors with connection to the line of Aritomo YAMAGATA and the group became stronghold of bureaucracy and anti-political party system.

• ハーバード時代に上院議員チャールズ・サムナーの発言からエドマンド・バークの存在を知る。
• He heard about Edmund Burke in remarks of Senator Charles Sumner when he was at Harvard.

• 衆議院議員の任期は、四年とする。但し、衆議院解散の場合には、その期間満了前に終了する。
• The term of office of members of the House of Representatives shall be four years. However, the term shall be terminated before the full term is up in case the House of Representatives is dissolved.

• 前号の報告をするために必要がある場合には、理事長に対して評議員会の招集を請求すること。
• Request the president to convene the Board of Councillors if it is necessary for the report prescribed in the preceding item;

• 27日には、野党の国会議員や新聞記者、学者らが集まって護憲運動の地方への拡大を決めた。
• On the other hand, the Diet members of the opposition parties, journalists, scholars and others had a rally on December 27 and decided to extend the campaign for defending the constitution to other provinces.

• 前回に引き続き少数激戦となり、総じて市長与党的な立場にある保守系議員が得票を伸ばした。
• As had happened previously, the election was strongly contested, with mayor-supporting ruling-party candidates, such as those of a conservative bent generally garnering the votes.

• なお、2005年12月に無所属議員らによって新会派・市民フォーラム・舞鶴が結成された。
• Independent assembly members formed a new faction, the People's Forum Maizuru, in December 2005.

• 衆議院議員の任期は、四年とする。但し、衆議院解散の場合には、その期間滿了前に終了する。
• The term of office of members of the House of Representatives shall be four years. However, the term shall be terminated before the full term is up in case the House of Representatives is dissolved.

• 社団法人能楽協会 東京支部常議員（平成17・18・19・20・21年度）・特別教育委員
• He was an ordinary councilor of Tokyo Branch (from 2005 to 2010) and a special educational board member of incorporated organization Association for Japanese Noh Plays.

• 主に東京府会議員や財界人の支援を受け、3月23日に内務省 (日本)から設立許可を受けた。
• It gained the main support from Tokyo Prefecture Assembly and bussinessmen before being approved for establishment by the prewar Ministry of Home Affairs on March 23.

• 貴族院規則4条で「皇族ノ議席ハ議員ノ首班ニ置キ其ノ席次ハ宮中ノ列次ニ依ル」となっていた。
• Article 4 of Kizokuin Kisoku (the rules of Kizokuin) states 'The seats for the imperial family councilors should be right at the front and their order of seating should follow their hierarchy in the palace.'

• 互選の方法その他は、貴族院多額納税者議員互選規則（明治22年勅令第79号）に定められた。
• The election method and other rules were stated in Kizokuin Rules for the internal selection of councilors of High Taxpayers (Imperial Edict Number 79).

• （なお、同志会の中でも研究会の結成に際して意見が対立した一部議員は懇話会に移っている。）
• (Some members of Doshikai who opposed when Kenkyukai was formed moved to Konwakai.)

• 同内閣は閣僚のうち外務大臣・陸軍大臣・海軍大臣の3大臣以外の全閣僚を貴族院議員が占めた。
• Members of the House of Peers occupied all the cabinet posts except Ministry of Foreign affairs, Ministry of Army, and Ministry of Navy.

• 1889年には地元の鳥取県から第1回衆議院議員総選挙に立候補するが、すぐに辞退している。
• In 1889, he ran for the first Lower House elections from Tottori Prefecture, his constituency, but withdrew from elections soon afterwards.

• 更に国会議員の福山哲郎が後押しする民主党候補の他、共産党候補と合わせて4名が立候補した。
• In addition, a DP candidate backed by MP Tetsuro FUKUYAMA and JCP candidate also joined, resulting in a total of four candidates in the race.

• 元参議院議員で日中友好に努めた西園寺公一は八郎の長男であり、春子や不二男の長兄にあたる。
• Kinkazu SAIONJI, who was a former member of the House of Councilors and worked to improve ties between China and Japan, is the eldest son of Hachiro SAIONJI and the eldest brother of Haruko and Fujio.

• 長く公的な職にあった者（議員・官吏・消防吏員・消防団員・教員等々）に叙位される例が多い。
• Those who served long in public office (members of the Diet, government officials, fire officers, members of a fire brigade, teachers, etc.) are often conferred court ranks.

• また日本樟脳取締役、日本売薬監査役、大阪商業会議所議員、大阪薬種卸仲買商組合長も務めた。
• Also, he served as the director of Japan Camphor, the auditor of Nihon Baiyaku, the councilor of the Osaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry, and the president of Osaka Druggist Wholesale and Brokerage Association.

• 平安書道会副会長、日本美術協会評議員を務めた他に日本書道学院・日本南画院などに参加した。
• Other than serving as a vice chairman of Heian Shodokai and a councilor of Nihon Bijutsu Kyokai (Japan Art Association), he also joined Nihon Shodo Gakuin, The Nippon Nanga-in incorporated Association and so on.

• この二人の間に誕生したのが町野武馬（1875－1968、張作霖顧問、衆議院議員）である。
• The child between two of them is Takema MACHINO (1875 - 1968, adviser of Sakurin CHO, member of the House of Representatives).

• 英国議会でアメリカの入植者の原因を訴えて、議員内閣制を擁護した（1729年−1797年）
• pleaded the cause of the American colonists in British Parliament and defended the parliamentary system (1729-1797)

• 1915年の第12回衆議院議員総選挙において、第2次大隈内閣内務大臣大浦兼武が行ったもの。
• Election interference at the 12th Lower House general election in 1915 conducted by Kanetake OURA, the prewar Home Minister of the second OKUMA cabinet

• だが、それが却って仇となり、太平洋戦争敗戦後には76名の所属議員が公職追放の対象となった。
• However, that worked against the group, and after the defeat in the Pacific War, 76 members were purged from public service.

• 1892年の第2回衆議院議員総選挙において、第1次松方内閣内務大臣品川弥二郎が行ったもの。
• Election interference at the second Lower House general election in 1892 conducted by Yajiro SHINAGAWA, the prewar Home Minister of the first Matsukata cabinet

• 1928年の第16回衆議院議員総選挙において、田中義一内閣内務大臣鈴木喜三郎が行ったもの。
• Election interference at the 16th Lower Hose general election in 1928 conducted by Kisaburo SUZIKI, the prewar Home Minister of Giichi TANAKA cabinet

• 教育勅語の発布、第1回衆議院議員総選挙の実施（7月1日）、府県制・郡制の導入などを行った。
• He implemented such as issuance of the Imperial Rescript on Education, execution of the first general election of members of the House of Representatives (July 1), and introduction of prefecture/county system.

• 国会は、罷免の訴追を受けた裁判官を裁判するため、両議院の議員で組織する弾劾裁判所を設ける。
• The Diet shall set up an impeachment court from among the members of both Houses for the purpose of trying those judges against whom removal proceedings have been instituted.

• 両議院は、各々その総議員の三分の一以上の出席がなければ、議事を開き議決することができない。
• Business cannot be transacted in either House unless one-third or more of total membership is present.

• 主唱者であり、貴族院議員でもあった美濃部達吉は、反論の演説をするも攻撃の声は止まなかった。
• An advocator of the emperor organ theory, Tatsukichi MINOBE made a speech to refute Kikuchi's claim, but it could not stop the blame on him.

• 貴族院令により、成年に達した皇族の男子は自動的に貴族院 (日本)における皇族議員となった。
• By the promulgation of the Imperial Ordinance Concerning the House of Peers, male members of the Imperial family who had reached the age of majority automatically became an Imperial councilor of the Privy Council (Japan).

• 海軍中将梨羽時起は弟、3男有地十五郎は海軍中将、嗣子有地藤三郎は海軍造兵大佐・貴族院議員。
• Vice Admiral Tokioki NASHIHA was his younger brother, his third son Jugoro ARICHI was Vice Admiral, and his heir Tozaburo ARICHI was Armory Captain and a member of the House of Peers.

• 國會は、罷免の訴追を受けた裁判官を裁判するため、兩議院の議員で組織する彈劾裁判所を設ける。
• The Diet shall set up an impeachment court from among the members of both Houses for the purpose of trying those judges against whom removal proceedings have been instituted.

• 兩議院は、各々その總議員の三分の一以上の出席がなければ、議事を開き議決することができない。
• Business cannot be transacted in either House unless one-third or more of total membership is present.

• 互選の方法などについては、貴族院伯子男爵議員選挙規則（明治22年勅令第78号）に定められた。
• The election method was stated in Kizokuin rules for count, viscount and baron councilors' internal election for Kizokuin (Imperial Edict number 78, 1889).

• 満18歳に達した皇太子・皇太孫と、満20歳に達したその他の皇族男子は、自動的に議員となった。
• The crown prince and his eldest son from the age of 18, and other princes of the imperial bloodline over the age of 20 automatically became councilors.

• 廃止時には定員が91名にまで増員され、その多くが元老院廃止後にそのまま貴族院議員に転身する。
• When it was abolished the quota was increased to 91, the most of them transferred to the House of Noble after the abolition of Genroin.

• 実子に陸軍少将・子爵・貴族院 (日本)議員を務め、火薬の研究者としても有名な朽木綱貞がいる。
• His real son was Tsunasada KUTSUKI, who served as Army Major General, viscount and a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and was also famous for his research of gunpowder.

• 2006年（平成18年）11月19日の市議会議員選挙では30名の定員に対して32人が立候補。
• At the election of the city assembly held on November 19, 2006, 32 candidates ran for 30 available seats.

• 第1回選挙の結果に基づいて、上院議員が集会した時、直ちにこれをできるだけ均等な3部に分ける。
• Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes.

• 互選の方法その他は、貴族院帝国学士院会員議員互選規則（大正14年勅令第233号）に定められた。
• The election method and other rules were stated in Kizokuin Rules of the internal selection of the Imperial Academy councilors (Imperial Edict Number 233, 1925).

• しかし、やがて所属議員は政党（大多数は自由民主党 (日本)などの保守政党）に吸収されていった。
• However, councilors in these groups were absorbed into political parties (mostly conservative parties such as the Liberal Democratic Party).

• 東京府会議員から衆議院進出を計画していた矢先、1906年（明治39年）4月27日に顎癌で死去。
• He died on April 27, 1906 for the cancer in jaw area, while he was just about to run for the House of Representatives from Tokyo Prefectural Assembly.

• 明治31年（1898年）には衆議院議員に当選するが、任期中の明治34年(1901年)に没した。
• In 1898, he won a seat in the House of Representatives, however, he died during his term of office in 1901.

• 理事の三分の二以上の同意及び定款で更に評議員会の議決を要するものと定めている場合には、その議決
• On the consent of two thirds or more of the directors, and in addition, the resolution of the Board of Councillors when the articles of incorporation require such a resolution;

• 第3回押出しで、与党議員であった田中は農民等を説得して大部分を帰郷させたが、直後に政権が崩壊。
• At the third Oshidashi, Tanaka (Shozo), who was a member of the House of Representatives and belonged to the ruling party at that time, persuaded the group of peasants and followers away from the direct petition, and most of them went home, however immediately after that, the government collapsed.

• 1946年（昭和21）4月10日の戦後初の衆議院選挙の結果、日本初の女性議員39名が誕生する。
• On April 10, 1946, during the first postwar election for the House of Representatives, thirty-nine women were elected to become the first female members of the National Diet of Japan.

• 政治家としては、1947年（昭和22年）の第23回衆議院議員総選挙に大選挙区制から出馬し当選。
• Eijun OTANI as a politician successfully ran in the 23rd general election for the House of Representatives under the large-constituency system in 1947.

• 一方神戸商業会議所会頭、明治45年（1912年）衆議院議員に当選し神戸の政財界の巨頭であった。
• In addition, he was the president of the Kobe Chamber of Commerce and Industry and was elected as a member of the House of Representatives in 1912, being a magnate in the political and business world of Kobe.

• 1889年貴族院令により30歳以上の公爵・侯爵は全部、ほかは互選で貴族院議員になる特権を有した。
• According to Kizokuin-rei (the House of Peers Act) in 1889, the privilege of entering the House of Peers was accorded to all the dukes and marquises aged 30 and over, and others who were elected by mutual vote.

• 同月16日、中川を推薦する議員たちの間で採決が主張され、結局無記名投票で中川が当選してしまった。
• On September 16, the councilors who recommended NAKAGAWA insisted to vote and he was finally elected in an anonymous vote.

• 大正4年（1915年）に読売新聞に『駄獣の群』という国会や議員に対する不信を詠う長詩を発表した。
• In 1915, Akiko published in the Yomiuri Shimbun a long poem entitled 'Daju no mure' (a group of dumb beasts) that depicted her distrust of the congress and politicians.

• 自由党幹部として、中央政界の傍ら福島県会議員、県会議長として県議会においても指導的立場にあった。
• He played the leading role not only in the national political arena as a Liberal Party executive, but also in a prefectural assembly as an assembly member of Fukushima Prefecture and a chairman of the assembly.

• 内閣総理大臣は、国務大臣を任命する。但し、その過半数は、国会議員の中から選ばれなければならない。
• The Prime Minister shall appoint the Ministers of State. However, a majority of their number must be chosen from among the members of the Diet.

• 天皇又は摂政及び国務大臣、国会議員、裁判官その他の公務員は、この憲法を尊重し擁護する義務を負ふ。
• The Emperor or the Regent as well as Ministers of State, members of the Diet, judges, and all other public officials have the obligation to respect and uphold this Constitution.

• 1928年、勅選により貴族院議員となり、第1次近衛内閣で拓務大臣、1938年には内閣参議に就く。
• In 1928, he became a member of the House of Peers by imperial selection and was designated as the minister of Colonial Ministry (Takumu-sho) of the first Konoe cabinet; in 1938, he was assigned the post of Naikaku sangi (advisor to the cabinet).

• 2002年（平成14年）11月17日の市議会議員選挙では30名の定員に対して31人が立候補した。
• At the election of the city assembly held on November 17, 2002, 31 candidates ran for 30 available seats.

• '通常のビジネス'はそうであると考えていたので、新たに選出された国会議員は妥協することを拒絶した
• the newly elected congressmen rejected a compromise because they considered it `business as usual'

• 天皇又は攝政及び國務大臣、國會議員、裁判官その他の公務員は、この憲法を尊重し擁護する義務を負ふ。
• The Emperor or the Regent as well as Ministers of State, members of the Diet, judges, and all other public officials have the obligation to respect and uphold this Constitution.

• 外交官の時には朝鮮との外交交渉に携わり、退官後は元老院議官、富山県知事、貴族院議員などを務めた。
• As a diplomat, he was engaged in diplomatic negotiations with Korea, and after retiring from the work, he served as a councilor of the Chamber of Elders, governor of Toyama Prefecture, a member of the House of Peers and so on.

• 9月、貴族院議員に勅撰されていたことや実業界から身を引くことを決意していたため、辞表を提出した。
• In September, he was elected to become a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) by Imperial order and also decided to retire from the business world.

• 校友代表として市議会議員の橋本孝三郎、弁護士の池田繁太郎が台湾まで説得に行く熱の入れようであった。
• The members of the Alumni Club were so enthusiastic that the city councilor Kozaburo HASHIMOTO and the lawyer Shigetaro IKEDA even went to Taiwan as representatives of the club to persuade him to accept the post.

• 1916年（大正5年）、満25歳に達したことにより公爵として世襲である貴族院 (日本)議員になる。
• In 1916, when he turned 25, he became a hereditary member of the House of Peers as a prince.

• 明治13年（1880年）には東京府会議員となり、憲法制定や、条約改正などの政治問題に関しても発言。
• In 1880 he became a Tokyo Prefectural councilor, often giving speeches on political issues such as the constitution and the revision of treaties.

• 1959年 ハワイが州に昇格したと同時に選出されたダニエル・イノウエが初のアジア系下院議員となる。
• In 1959, Daniel INOUYE from Hawaii, who was elected at the same time Hawaii became a U.S. state, became the first Asian Representative.

• 明治17年（1884年）7月に伯爵、明治24年（1891年）4月に侯爵に昇爵し、貴族院議員となる。
• In July 1884, he was promoted to count, and then to marquis in April 1891, becoming a member of the Kizokuin.

• 同年には帝室技芸員の制定に携わり、また帝国議会の設立に際して貴族院 (日本)議員に任命されている。
• In the same year, he was involved with the establishment of Teishitsu Gigeiin (Imperial art experts), and he was also appointed to the member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) when the Imperial Diet was established.

• 経済の特定分野に関わり、自分たちの利益を図るために議員や官僚に影響力を及ぼそうとする個人やグループ
• an individual or group who are concerned with some particular part of the economy and who try to influence legislators or bureaucrats to act in their favor

• 一方、山縣有朋系の議員が多かった茶話会も超然主義を支持しており、両会派の政策に大きな違いがなかった。
• On the other hand, the Tea Party group, which mainly consisted of the members of Aritomo YAMAGATA faction, also supported the doctrine of superiority, so there was no big difference between both groups.

• 議院や議員の権限などについては、議院法、貴族院令（明治22年勅令第11号）その他の法令に定められた。
• The scope of authority of each House and councilor was stated in the Diet Law, Kizokuin Rei (the ordinance of Kizokuin) (Imperial Edict Number 11, 1888) and other legislations.

• 民党の経費削減方針を真っ向から否定するこの演説の結果、民党側議員が猛反発してその場は大混乱となった。
• This speech that outright rejected the minto's cost reduction policy, brought a fierce backlash from members of the House of Representatives belonged to minto, triggered utter turmoil on the scene.

• しかし一方、議員の提案で会議の過半数の賛成をもって、中央政府への建議を行なうこともできた（第7条）。
• However, councilors were able to propose to the central government, with an agreement from the majority of the session (Article 7).

• 同1890年7月1日には第1回衆議院議員総選挙が実施され、11月25日には第1帝国議会が召集される。
• The first general election of the members of the House of Representatives took place on July 1, 1890 and the first Imperial Diet was summoned on November 25.

• その後は衆議院議員を昭和11年（1936年）から連続3期務め、国民使節として渡米し国際的に活動した。
• Afterwards, Matsukata served as the member of the House of Representatives for three consecutive terms from 1936, and moved to the U.S. as a national ambassador to work internationally.

• また原が衆議院に議席を有する現役衆議院議員の初の首相であったことから政党内閣として画期的存在とされた。
• It was an epoch-making party cabinet in the regard that Hara was the first prime minister who was an incumbent member of the House of Representative.

• この状況をみた政友会総裁原敬は、自らの内閣を打ち立てると研究会議員の入閣及び要職への任命を推し進めた。
• Taking the situation into consideration, Takashi HARA, the president of Seiyu-kai Party, established his own cabinet and appointed members of Kenkyukai to cabinet positions and important posts.

• 明治23年（1890年）の帝国議会発足時には、貴族院議員に勅撰され、枢密院 (日本)書記官長を兼ねる。
• When the Imperial Diet was established in 1890, he was selected as a member of the House of Peers and also was appointed to the Secretery of the Sumitsu-in or Privy Council.

• また、帝国議会は選挙で選ばれる国会議員から成る衆議院と華族から成る貴族院 (日本)の二院で構成された。
• Additionally, the Imperial Diet consisted of 2 houses including the House of Representatives composed of the Members of the Diet who carried election and the House of Peers (Japan) comprised of the peerages.

• 明治27年（1894年）4月から大正8年（1919年）2月までの約25年間貴族院議員（勅選）を務めた。
• He served as a member of the House of Peers (appointed by emperor) for approximately 25 years since April, 1894 to February, 1919.

• 1896年に男爵に叙せられ、1897年から10年間、貴族院議員を務め、1917年に枢密顧問官となった。
• In 1896, he was raised to the peerage of Baron, and for ten years from 1897, he served as a member of the House of Peers, and in 1917, he was appointed as Privy Councilor.

• しかし1928年に侯爵議員を失って崩壊の危機にあった第2次無所属と合同して同和会を結成することとなった。
• However, in 1928, they lost their Marquis Diet members and, facing total collapse, they were forced to merge with the second Mushozoku (Unaffiliated Group) and form the Dowakai.

• 釈放後の明治25年（1892年）には自らの衆議院議長就任を公約として第2回衆議院議員総選挙に出馬、当選。
• After being released, HOSHI ran for the 2nd general election of the House of Representatives in 1892, with a campaign pledge that he would become chairman of the House of Representatives, and was elected as a parliament member.

• 参議院議員の弦念丸呈（ツルネン・マルテイ）が1980年にフィンランド語の翻訳（但し抄訳）を出版している。
• Mrtti TURUNEN, a member of the House of Councilors, made a Finnish translation (although abridged), which was published in 1980.

• 1878年(明治11年)の区会議員選挙で、楠瀬喜多という一人の婦人が高知県に対して、次のように抗議した。
• At the ward assembly election in 1878, a woman called Kita KUSUSE made the following protest against Kochi Prefecture:

• 評議員会は、前項に規定するもののほか、会長の諮問に応じ、協会の業務の運営に関する重要事項を調査審議する。
• In addition to the items in the preceding paragraph, the Council shall, as requested by the President, study or deliberate on other important matters with respect to the operation of the Institute.

• 長男の帯刀は、清廉の維新の功により伯爵を授けられて貴族院 (日本)議員を務めるも、1905年3月に死去。
• His eldest son, Tatewaki, was bestowed a title of count in consideration of his services in the Restoration, and served as a member of the House of Peers (Japan), but in March 1905, he passed away.

• ところで、ミス・マイルズ議員令嬢とドーキング大佐の婚約がとつぜん終わりを迎えたのは覚えておられますね？　
• Now, you remember the sudden end of the engagement between the Honourable Miss Miles and Colonel Dorking?

• 当時、田中は与党議員だったため、自身が農商務大臣に直接かけあうことで収拾がつけられると考えていたとされる。
• Tanaka, who then was a member of the ruling party, thought he would be able to settle down this problem through discussion with the Minster of Agriculture and Commerce.

• ところが、1919年の公正会に伴う男爵議員の離脱と研究会の膨張によって次第に勢力を減らしていくようになる。
• But with the resignation of the barons due to the formation of the Koseikai in 1919, coupled with the swelling of the Kenkyukai's ranks, the influence of the Tea Party gradually began to wane.

• なお、貴族院に替わって戦後の国会を構成した参議院には、当初旧貴族院議員の多くが転身立候補して当選している。
• For the House of Councilors which took over the Kizokuin to make up the Diet after the wars, many old members of Kizokuin ran and initially won the elections.

• 両議院の会議は、公開とする。但し、出席議員の三分の二以上の多数で議決したときは、秘密会を開くことができる。
• Deliberation in each House shall be public. However, a secret meeting may be held where a majority of two-thirds or more of those members present passes a resolution therefor.

• 1945年には選挙法が改正され、台湾から国会議員が選出される道も開かれたが、敗戦により実現はされなかった。
• In 1945, the electoral law was amended, enabling the election of Diet members from Taiwan, but it was never realized due to the defeat of the Japan in the war.

• 佐野出身の衆議院議員田中正造は1891年以降、たびたび国会で鉱毒の質問を行い、鉱毒の害は全国に知れ渡った。
• Shozo TANAKA, a member of the House of Representatives from Sano made enquiries at the parliament beginning in 1891, and the damages by the mining pollution became public throughout the nation.

• 兩議院の會議は、公開とする。但し、出席議員の三分の二以上の多數で議決したときは、祕密會を開くことができる。
• Deliberation in each House shall be public. However, a secret meeting may be held where a majority of two-thirds or more of those members present passes a resolution therefor.

• 西園寺の取り立てで貴族院議員として活躍する一方、西園寺の意思を引き継いで発展した立命館大学の運営にも尽力。
• He served as a politician in the Kizokuin (House of Peers) on the recommendation of SAIONJI (Kinmochi), and inherited SAIONJI's passion, which was to ensure the management and growth of Ritsumeikan University.

• PNAは長官選挙、評議員選挙、および地方選挙を開催するために、これらの必要条件を満たすべく行動してきました
• The PNA has acted to provide the requirements for holding the presidential, legislative and local elections

• この5党派と大日本協会専属議員を1会派と看做した併せて6つの党派を対外硬六派、略して硬六派と呼んだのである。
• These five parties and a group of councilors who belonged exclusively to the Dai Nihon Kyokai were regarded as the 'Taigai Ko Roppa' (six hard-line foreign policies faction) or the 'Ko Roppa' for short.

• だが、硬六派が第3回衆議院議員総選挙後に内閣不信任上奏案を提出したため、翌1894年に再度解散に踏み切った。
• However, the Ko Roppa tabled a no-confidence motion to be reported to the Emperor after the third general election for the House of Representatives, which resulted in the Diet having to dissolve itself in 1894.

• 第5回衆議院議員総選挙では自由・進歩両党が圧勝、これに対して伊藤は選挙から僅か3ヶ月で再度衆議院を解散した。
• In the 5th general election of members of the House of Representatives, both the Liberal Party and the Progressive Party overwhelmed and against this, ITO dissolved the House of Representatives again only 3 months after the election.

• 父は内務省 (日本)勤務の田村保永、伯父は貴族院 (日本)議員でシーメンス事件での弾劾演説で知られる村田保。
• Yasuhisa's father was Yasunaga TAMURA who worked at the prewar Ministry of Home Affairs, and his uncle (parent's older brother) was Tamotsu MURATA who was a senator of the House of Lords and known for his impeachment address against Yamamoto's Cabinet which was allegedly involved in the Siemens scandal.

• 前作公開時に舌戦を繰り広げた民主党 (日本 1998-)国会議員の石井紘基が右翼活動家に自宅前で刺され死亡。
• Democratic Party of Japan (1998-) Diet member Koki ISHII, who had been vocal about the release of the previous movie, dies in front of his house after being knifed by a right-wing activist.

• 平田は貴族院 (日本)内で勅撰議員を中心とする会派・茶話会の結成に務め、山縣直系の貴族院官僚派の牙城を築いた。
• Hirata attempted to form Sawakai, a party consisting of selected members within the House of Peers, and established the stronghold of the bureaucrat faction of the House of Peers that was under direct control of Yamagata.

• 地方公共団体の長、その議会の議員及び法律の定めるその他の吏員は、その地方公共団体の住民が、直接これを選挙する。
• The chief executive officers of all local public entities, the members of their assemblies, and such other local officials as may be determined by law shall be elected by direct popular vote within their several communities.

• 爵位を持たない衆議院議員を首相とする初の内閣となったということで、民衆からは「平民宰相」と呼ばれ、歓迎された。
• He was called 'Commoner Prime Minister' and welcomed by the people since it was the first cabinet whose prime minister was a member of the House of Representatives who did not have the peerage.

• 地方公共團體の長、その議會の議員及び法律の定めるその他の吏員は、その地方公共團體の住民が、直接これを選擧する。
• The chief executive officers of all local public entities, the members of their assemblies, and such other local officials as may be determined by law shall be elected by direct popular vote within their several communities.

• 1972年韓国のカトリック殉教地の切頭山に神津島の村長と村議会議員らが、おたあの墓の土を埋葬し、石碑を建てた。
• In 1972, the chief and members of the village council of Kozu-shima Village buried the soil of the then-believed Ota's tomb of Kozu-shima Island, in Mt. Jeoldusan in Korea, a place of martyrdom for the Catholic, and erected a stone monument there.

• なお、同年には第2回参議院議員通常選挙と京都市長選も行われ、それぞれ民統が推した大山郁夫・高山義三が当選する。
• Also in the same year, the second ordinary election for the House of Councilors and Kyoto mayoral election were held, and Ikuo OYAMA and Gizo TAKAYAMA both of whom were recommended by Minto won the elections, respectively.

• 諸藩の正・権大参事は、公議所を兼任することとされ、公議所が廃止された後は、いずれか1名が集議院の議員となった。
• Sei and Gon Daisanji in domains must concurrently have been members of Kogisho (the lower house) but after the Kogisho abolished, either of them became a councilor of Shugiin (whose name was changed from Kogisho).

• 功級、爵位が廃止となった日本国憲法下の国会にあっても、博士号を除く残余の部分は国会議員等への弔詞に用いられる。
• In the Diet under the Constitution of Japan where the Orders of the Golden Kite and peerages have been abolished, the rest of the ranks and orders excluding doctorates are still used in the memorial address for a Diet member.

• 会津戦争の時の越後口総督府参謀、越後府知事、東京府知事、元老院 (日本)議官、貴族院 (日本)議員などを歴任。
• He consecutively served as a staff officer of the government-general of Echigo-guchi at the time of Aizu War, the Governor of Echigo Prefecture, the Governor of Tokyo Prefecture, Genroin gikan (councilor of Chamber of Elders or Senate), a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and so on.

• 主な議員には楠本正隆・鈴木重遠・河島醇・柴四朗・大東義徹・工藤行幹・長谷場純孝・武富時敏・大須賀庸之助らがいる。
• The main members were Masataka KUSUMOTO, Shigeto SUZUKI, Jun KAWASHIMA, Shiro SHIBA, Gitetsu (or Yoshiakira or Yoshitetsu) OHIGASHI, Yukimoto KUDO, Sumitaka HASEBA, Tomitoshi TAKETOMI and Yonosuke OSUGA.

• 2008年には韓国国会議員50名による対馬島返還要求決議案が韓国国会に提出され、韓国国民の50%が支持している。
• In 2008, 50 members of the South Korean National Diet submitted a resolution calling for a referendum over whether Tsushima should be returned to Korean sovereignty, and 50% of South Korean people supported the proposal.

• 評議員(coucillor)は任期切れで退任し、コロヌスと呼ばれる耕作者層は居住する領地からの移動を禁じられた。
• When the term expired the councilors retired and the class of cultivators called colonus was forbidden to move out from their living territories.

• 太政官は正院・左院・右院から成り、集議院は左院に置き換えられ、官撰の議員によって構成される立法議事機関となった。
• Daijokan consisted of the Central, Left and Right Councils, and Shugiin was replaced by the Left Council and became a legislature consisting of representatives assigned by the government.

• 宗議会（真言宗大覚寺派宗会を設置）・宗議員20名（任期3年・教区長9名、被選挙人9名、大覚寺耆宿者の互選者2名）
• Sect Council (appoints the Shingon Sect Daikakuji School assembly) consisting of 20 members (each member is appointed for 3 years and composed of 9 parish chiefs, 9 elected members and 2 members selected by Daikaku-ji Temple elders)

• ウエスト・エッグからはポール夫妻、マーリーディー夫妻、セシル・ローバック、セシル・ショーエン、ガリック上院議員。
• From West Egg came the Poles and the Mulreadys and Cecil Roebuck and Cecil Schoen and Gulick the state senator

• 内閣総理大臣は、国会議員の中から国会の議決で、これを指名する。この指名は、他のすべての案件に先だつて、これを行ふ。
• The Prime Minister shall be designated from among the members of the Diet by a resolution of the Diet. This designation shall precede all other business.

• 議員資格は満25歳以上の男子でその府県に本籍を定め、満三年以上居住し、地租10円以上を納める者である（第13条）。
• Qualifications to become a councilor were males who had reached his 25th birthday, who had a registered address in that prefecture, who have lived there for over three years, and who paid a land tax of over 10 yen (Article 13).

• 明治30年代、京都鉄道会社（現在の山陰本線）の創設者で貴族院議員である田中源太郎が自らの生家を改築したものである。
• In around 1897 to 1906, Gentaro TANAKA, who was the founder of the Kyoto railway company (present Sanin Main Line) and a member of Kizokuin (the upper house of the Imperial Diet under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan), reformed the house where he was born into the present form.

• 内閣總理大臣は、國會議員の中から國會の議決で、これを指名する。この指名は、他のすべての案件に先だつて、これを行ふ。
• The Prime Minister shall be designated from among the members of the Diet by a resolution of the Diet. This designation shall precede all other business.

• 內閣總理大臣は、國會議員の中から國會の議決で、これを指名する。この指名は、他のすべての案件に先だつて、これを行ふ。
• The Prime Minister shall be designated from among the members of the Diet by a resolution of the Diet. This designation shall precede all other business.

• 立憲改進党を中心とする進歩党_(明治)結成（1896年3月1日）に先立って解党して所属議員の殆どが進歩党に参加した。
• Before the Rikken Kaishinto (Constitutional Reform Party) merged with several smaller nationalist parties to form the Shinpoto (Progressive Party [in the Meiji period]) (on March 1, 1896), the Rikken Kakushinto dissolved and then most of its lawmakers joined the Shimpoto.

• 明治23年（1890年）、大臣在任中に第1回衆議院議員総選挙に和歌山県第1区から出馬し初当選を果たし、1期を務めた。
• In 1890, while serving as the minister, he ran in the first election for a seat in the House of Representatives from the first electoral district in Wakayama Prefecture, was elected, and served the first term.

• この法律において「公務員」とは、国又は地方公共団体の職員その他法令により公務に従事する議員、委員その他の職員をいう。
• The term 'public officer' as used in this Code shall mean a national or local government official, a member of an assembly or committee, or other employees engaged in the performance of public duties in accordance with laws and regulations.

• 評議員は、定款で定めるところにより、会員が会員（会員が法人である場合には、その代表者又は代理人）のうちから選出する。
• The Councilors shall be elected by the members in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation from among the members (or from the representative or agents in case that such members are juridical persons).

• また、政治プロパガンダのために講談をやっている者（初代伊藤痴遊、石田一松、四代目旭堂南陵。いずれも国会議員）も多い。
• There are many people who perform kodan for purposes of political propaganda, including Chiyu ITO the first, Ichimatsu ISHIDA and Nanryo KYOKUDO the fourth, all of whom were members of the Diet.

• 十六八重菊に意匠的には似ている十六菊は日本国の発行するパスポートや議員バッジなどのデザインとして取り入れられている。
• The Jurokukiku design (chrysanthemum), which is similar to Jurokuyaegiku, is used for passports issued by Japan, Diet member's pin, etc.

• でも、人々はいまだにDESを導入し、議員たちはその強さについて、高官たちの保証をめくら滅法にうのみにし続けている。
• But people still deploy DES, and Congressmen blindly accept the assurances of high officials about its strength.

• 内務大臣 (日本)に就任した原敬は衆議院議員選挙に小選挙区制を導入しようとするが、貴族院_(日本)の反対で否決された。
• Takashi HARA who took office as the Minister of Home Affairs sought to introduce a single-member constituency system to the election of members of the House of Representatives, but it was rejected due to the oppose of the House of Peers of Japan.

• しかし清浦内閣は、総理大臣と外務陸海軍大臣を除く全ての閣僚が貴族院 (日本)議員から選出されるという超然内閣であった。
• In fact, the ministerial positions in the KIYOURA cabinet, except for Prime Minister and Army, Navy and Foreign Minister, were dominated by members of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and therefore the cabinet was a Chozen Naikaku (transcendental cabinet) that remained aloof from party politics.

• その一方、有識者が勅任により議員となる制度が存在し、良くも悪くも「衆議院のカーボンコピー」という批判は存在しなかった。
• There was also a system for yushikisha (people well-informed about rules of ceremonies and rituals) to become councilors appointed by the Emperor,so for better or worse, there was no criticism towards the Kizokuin for being 'a carbon copy of the House of Representatives.'

• 従って、公式には貴族院議員はほとんどが無所属である（政党の党籍を持ったまま、貴族院では無所属として活動した例はある）。
• Ex-Kizokuin councilors were, therefore, mostly independent (although there were some examples where they were working as an indenepdent councilor within Kizokuin while holding a registration within a political party).

• 次の第1次桂内閣で妥協と反対の両政策を取り、1902年の第7回衆議院議員総選挙では190議席を獲得して過半数を制する。
• During the First Katsura Cabinet, which was formed after Ito's, Ito took both compromising and opposing policies toward the Cabinet and in 1902, the Seiyu Party occupied 190 seats and got a majority in the seventh general election of members of the House of Representatives.

• ところが、1927年に研究会を離脱した近衛文麿が公爵・侯爵議員らと結成していた超会派の親睦団体火曜会の会派化を計画する。
• However, Fumimaro KONOE who left the Kenkyu-kai in 1927 premeditated to factionalize Kayou-kai parliamentary group, an organization for promoting mutual friendship of a faction which was formed by him and councilors of duke or marquis.

• ところが、直後に第3回衆議院議員総選挙が行われて両会派とも減少したために、民党としての地位確保のために合同したのである。
• However, in the 3rd general election of the members of the House of Representatives held shortly after that, the factions both lost seats, and as a result, they united to secure their position as the Minto.

• これは、日清戦争・日露戦争を経て、華族（戦功華族・新華族）の数が急増したことによる議員数の増加を抑えるための措置である。
• The amendment was a measure to control the number of councilors when the number of peerage (new peers and those who became peers in recognition of their military service) increased rapidly after the Japanese-Sino war and Japanese-Russo war.

• 東京帝大文科大学長（現在の東大文学部長）を経て同総長・貴族院 (日本)議員、第3次伊藤内閣の歴代の文部大臣などを務めた。
• After serving as the President of the Department of Literature at Tokyo Imperial University (currently the Dean of the Department of Literature at the University of Tokyo), he worked as the Chancellor of the same university, a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers), and then the Minister of Education successively during the third Ito administration.

• 内閣総理大臣が欠けたとき、又は衆議院議員総選挙の後に初めて国会の召集があつたときは、内閣は、総辞職をしなければならない。
• When there is a vacancy in the post of Prime Minister, or upon the first convocation of the Diet after a general election of members of the House of Representatives, the Cabinet shall resign en masse.

• 製品安全協会が解散したときは、理事長が、その清算人となる。ただし、評議員会において他人を選任したときは、この限りでない。
• When the Consumer Product Safety Association is dissolved, the President thereof shall be the liquidator; provided, however, that this shall not apply in cases where another person is appointed by the council.

• 明治維新の功労者らは勲功華族（新華族）として士族から昇格していった（華族は互選で貴族院議員になるなど、特権身分である）。
• Those who rendered distinguished service in the Meiji Restoration were raised to the Nobility of Merit (new nobility) from the warrior class (the peerage was privileged to become a member of the House of Peers through mutual vote).

• 閣僚にあたる内局の部長7名も両派でほぼ半数ずつ、宗議会議員（定数72名）も36選挙区ごとに両派から1名ずつ選ばれている。
• For seven division managers (部長) of the office (内局), as cabinet members half are elected from both groups, and for the members of an assembly （宗議会議員）(72 seats) each member is elected from both groups in 36 areas.

• 內閣總理大臣が缺けたとき、又は衆議院議員總選擧の後に初めて國會の召集があつたときは、內閣は、總辭職をしなければならない。
• When there is a vacancy in the post of Prime Minister, or upon the first convocation of the Diet after a general election of members of the House of Representatives, the Cabinet shall resign en masse.

• 内閣總理大臣が缺けたとき、又は衆議院議員總選擧の後に初めて國會の召集があつたときは、内閣は、總辭職をしなければならない。
• When there is a vacancy in the post of Prime Minister, or upon the first convocation of the Diet after a general election of members of the House of Representatives, the Cabinet shall resign en masse.

• 2004年6月20日に鳥取県智頭町で行われた町議会議員の補欠選挙で、「オカラ」と書かれた票が投じられ、無効票扱いとなった。
• In the by-election for town councilor held in Chizu-cho, Tottori Prefecture on June 20, 2004, a ballot saying 'okara' was casted and it was counted as invalid.

• 実業界から身を引く少し前の、貴族院議員に勅選されたが、国政に翼賛するより他は煩累を避け、孫とともに悠々自適の生活を送った。
• He was appointed as a member of the House of Peers by order of the Emperor just before retiring from the business world and, other than supportive participation in national politics, he spent his days in quiet retirement with his grandchildren by staying away from annoying matters.

• これに対して政府は第2回衆議院議員総選挙の際に大規模な選挙干渉を行って民党の壊滅を計画するも、逆に大敗北を招く結果となった。
• On the other hand, the government planned to destroy Minto by interfering in the second general election of the members of the House of Representatives in 1892 on a large scale but ironically led to its own defeat.

• 1985年には「旧勲章名誉回復に関する懇談会」という国会議員の集まりがつくられ、当時の中曽根康弘首相に同様の要請をしている。
• In 1985 this League organized a gathering of National Diet members and held a 'panel discussion on the reinstatement of the honors of the Golden Kite Medal,' and submitted the same request for reinstatement to then-Prime Minister Yasuhiro NAKASONE.

• 明治23年（1890年）の帝国議会発足とともに貴族院議員に勅撰され、翌年成立した第1次松方内閣において法制局長官に就任した。
• When the Imperial Diet was inaugurated in 1890, he was elected as a member of the House of Peers by Imperial command, and he assumed a post of the Director-General of Cabinet Legislation Bureau in the first Matsukata cabinet that was formed in the following year.

• 挙式の媒酌人はかつて和泉宗家を召抱えていた尾張徳川家の19代当主で、元・華族（侯爵・貴族院 (日本)議員）の徳川義親である。
• Yoshichika TOKUGAWA, the 19th head of Owari Tokugawa family that had retained Izumi soke and a former peer (marquis, a member of the House of Peers (Japan)), served a matchmaker at her wedding ceremony.

• 文部少輔（現在の文部省事務次官）、帝国博物館（現・国立博物館）初代総長、貴族院議員、枢密院 (日本)宮中顧問官などを務めた。
• He served as Shoyu (a Junior Assistant Minister) of the Ministry of Education (the present deputy secretary of the Ministry of Education), the first chief of the Imperial Museum (the present National Museum), a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers), as well as an imperial court councilor of Sumitsu-in (Privy Council) (Japan).

• しかし、1878年、高知県区会議員選挙で戸主として納税しているのにも関わらず、女性であることを理由に投票が認められなかった。
• However, in 1878, she was not approved to vote at the Kochi Prefectural Municipal Election because she was a woman, even though she paid tax as a householder.

• FBIは、違法な盗聴をながいことつづけているし、盗聴のあとは、その情報を脅迫（議員や大統領に対する脅迫も含め）に使っている。
• The FBI has a long history of illicit wiretapping, followed by use of the information gained for blackmail, including blackmail of Congressmen and Presidents.

• 1898年のいわゆる「隈板内閣」の成立に危機感を抱いた超然主義者の貴族院議員が無所属団を発足させて幸倶楽部内に事務所を設けた。
• Some members of the House of Peers with the doctrine of superiority, who had a sense of crisis about the establishment of so-called Okuma-Itagaki cabinet in 1898, set up an independent group and maintained its office in the Saiwai-club building.

• このため、翌年にはわずか11名にまで減少してしまい、路線対立から第4議会終了と同時に残った全議員が離脱したために自然消滅した。
• Because of this, the number of members of the committee decreased to only 11 next year, and all the remaining councilors after the conflict seceded from it at the same time as when the fourth parliament was shut, and the committee disappeared naturally.

• 委員は、在任中、国会若しくは地方公共団体の議会の議員その他公選による公職の候補者となり、又は積極的に政治活動をしてはならない。
• No board member shall not be a candidate for the Diet, the local assembly of a local public entity or any other elective public office, or actively conduct political activities.

• 会の議事細則は府県会自身が定めて府知事・県令が許可し（第9条）、議長と副議長は府県会の議員から公選して府知事・県令が認可する。
• Fuken-kai's detailed regulations for proceedings were set by Fuken-kai itself and were approved by the prefectural governor (Article 9), and the chairman and vice-chairman were to be elected by public election from among prefectural councilors and were approved by the prefectural governors.

• 学習院高等科出身者以外の政治学科同級生に東京都立両国高等学校から現役進学した後の日本会議国会議員懇談会初代会長島村宜伸がいる。
• Yoshinobu SHIMAMURA, the first chairman of 'Nippon Kaigi Kokkaigiin Kondanakai' (Japan informal gathering of Diet members) was a classmate in the Department of Political Science of Gakushuin University, who passed the college entrance examination while still enrolled in Tokyo Metropolitan Ryogoku High School.

• 衆議院で可決し、参議院でこれと異なつた議決をした法律案は、衆議院で出席議員の三分の二以上の多数で再び可決したときは、法律となる。
• A bill which is passed by the House of Representatives, and upon which the House of Councillors makes a decision different from that of the House of Representatives, becomes a law when passed a second time by the House of Representatives by a majority of two-thirds or more of the members present.

• これにより、貴衆両院の図書館を合併した国会図書館の設立が定められたが、この体制では国会議員の調査研究には不十分であるとみられた。
• This resulted in the establishment of the National Library, which combined the libraries of the House of Representatives and the House of Peers; however, the structure appeared to be insufficient as a means to assist Diet members in their research and study.

• 公益法人は、第五条第十三号に規定する報酬等の支給の基準に従って、その理事、監事及び評議員に対する報酬等を支給しなければならない。
• Public interest corporations shall pay the remuneration, etc. to their directors, auditors and councillors in accordance with the standards for payment of the remuneration, etc. set forth in item (xiii) of Article 5.

• 2006年には盛岡市の成人式で、新成人数人が暴れ、岩手県議会地方議会議員（当時）のザ・グレート・サスケと揉み合いになるなどした。
• In 2006, at the Seijin-shiki ceremony held in Morioka City, several new adults raged, and got into a shoving match with The Great Sasuke, (then) prefectural assembly member of Iwate Prefecture.

• 衆議院で可決し、參議院でこれと異なつた議決をした法律案は、衆議院で出席議員の三分の二以上の多數で再び可決したときは、法律となる。
• A bill which is passed by the House of Representatives, and upon which the House of Councillors makes a decision different from that of the House of Representatives, becomes a law when passed a second time by the House of Representatives by a majority of two-thirds or more of the members present.

• 明治17年（1884年）7月7日、華族令により侯爵を叙爵し、明治23年（1890年）10月から貴族院 (日本)国会議員を務める。
• On July 7, 1884, he was conferred the rank of marquis by the Peerage Law and served as the member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) from October, 1890.

• 同盟罷業は、組合員又は組合員の直接無記名投票により選挙された代議員の直接無記名投票の過半数による決定を経なければ開始しないこと。
• that no strike shall be started without a majority decision made by direct secret vote either of the union members or of delegates elected by direct secret vote of the union members;

• 井深彦三郎（いぶか ひこさぶろう、慶応2年（1868年） - 大正5年（1916年））は、明治時代の陸軍工作員、後に衆議院議員。
• Hikosaburo IBUKA (1868 - 1916) was an army agent in the Meiji Period and a member of the House of Representatives later.

• 元来は進歩党_(日本)進歩党（日本 1896-1898）に近い多額納税議員の会派で、1898年に早家崇ら14名によって結成される。
• It was a parliamentary group of councilors who paid large amount of tax, which was close to Shinpo-to (Progressive Party) (Japan, 1896-1898) and was consisted of 14 people including 早家崇 in 1898.

• 清浦は枢密顧問官に転身する1906年まで貴族院議員として研究会に所属し、研究会を政党に対抗するための牙城として育成する事に努めた。
• Kiyoura belonged to Kenkyukai as a member of the House of Peers and made efforts to develop the faction as a stronghold to compete with political parties until 1906 when he became a Privy Councillor.

• 両議院の議事は、この憲法に特別の定のある場合を除いては、出席議員の過半数でこれを決し、可否同数のときは、議長の決するところによる。
• All matters shall be decided, in each House, by a majority of those present, except as elsewhere provided in the Constitution, and in case of a tie, the presiding officer shall decide the issue.

• この建白書では、官選ではなく民選の議員で構成される立法議事機関を開設し、有司専制（官僚による専制政治）を止めることが必要だとした。
• Their political statement insisted on the establishment of a legislature consisting of members selected by the public, not the government, and abolishment of despotism by bureaucrats.

• いずれの州においても、その選出下院議員に欠員が生じた場合、その州の行政府はそれを補充するため選挙施行の命令を発しなければならない。
• When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.

• 兩議院の議事は、この憲法に特別の定のある場合を除いては、出席議員の過半數でこれを決し、可否同數のときは、議長の決するところによる。
• All matters shall be decided, in each House, by a majority of those present, except as elsewhere provided in the Constitution, and in case of a tie, the presiding officer shall decide the issue.

• 年寄りのピューは、もうその時はめくらだったが、恥ずかしく思うどころか、一年で1200ポンド使いやがった、まるで上院議員みたいにな。
• Old Pew, as had lost his sight, and might have thought shame, spends twelve hundred pound in a year, like a lord in Parliament.

• 米国の上院議員で、米国と他国の間の教師と学生の交換プログラムに資金を供給する補助金を作ったことで知られる（1905年−1995年）
• United States senator who is remembered for his creation of grants that fund exchange programs of teachers and students between the United States and other countries (1905-1995 )

• 国立国会図書館（こくりつこっかいとしょかん）は、日本の国会議員の調査研究、行政、ならびに日本国民のために奉仕を提供する図書館である。
• The National Diet Library (NDL) provides services for members of Japan's Diet in their research and study, as well as the executive agencies of the government and the general public in Japan.

• 何人も、30歳に達しない者、9年以上合衆国市民でない者、また選挙された時にその選出州の住民でない者は、上院議員となることができない。
• No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.

• また、非政党内閣であっても立憲政友会の閣外協力を得ている場合には代わりに交友倶楽部所属の貴族院議員が入閣する事がしばしば行われていた。
• Even if it was the Cabinet not consisted of any polical party, it happened often that the members of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) who belonged to the friendship club entered the Cabinet in return when Rikken seiyukai was supporting the Cabinet from outside.

• その事業を行うに当たり、社員、評議員、理事、監事、使用人その他の政令で定める当該法人の関係者に対し特別の利益を与えないものであること。
• When it operates its business, it does not provide its members, councillors, directors, auditors, employees or other concerned persons specified by Cabinet Order with any special interest.

• この修正は、本憲法の一部として効力を発する以前に選出されたいかなる上院議員の選挙又は任期にも、影響を及ぼすものと解釈されてはならない。
• This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.

• 今日では主に国会議員、都道府県知事経験者や学者などで勲二等の叙勲を受けた者と同等の功績を挙げた者が死後に叙位されることが一般的である。
• Today, it is commonly granted posthumously to persons who made similar achievements as former Diet members, prefectural governors, or scholars who received conferment of the Kunnito (Order of Second Class).

• 通産相や金融経済財政担当相、自民党政調会長などを務めた衆議院議員・与謝野馨（2007年安倍改造内閣時の内閣官房長官）は晶子の孫にあたる。
• Kaoru YOSANO, a member of the House of Representatives and the former Minister of International Trade and Industry, the Minister of State for Economicand Fiscal Policy and Financial Services, and the Chairman of Policy Research Council of Liberal Democratic Party (and the Chief Cabinet Secretary of the Abe Administration in 2007) is Akiko's grandson.

• そのわだかまりは今でも残っているとされ、現在においても市長選挙や府議会議員選挙などにおいて、東と西の対立は否めないものがあるといわれる。
• People still seem to bear ill feelings against each other and there is said to be an undeniable East-West confrontation in elections for the mayor and prefectural assembly members.

• 後に帝国議会が開かれた時に、当初衆議院の選挙権や貴族院_(日本)の多額納税議員の資格が与えられたのは、その多くがこうした地主層であった。
• When Imperial Diet was held later, at first election franchise for House of Representatives or entitlement of councilor of large taxpayer in House of Peers were given to many of such landlord class.

• 何人も、25歳に達していない者、7年以上合衆国市民でない者、また選挙された時にその選出州の住民でない者は、下院議員となることができない。
• No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.

• しかしこの多少古めかしい響きの語は、度々西欧史の記述に登場するローマ元老院議員に対して用いられる以外ではあまり使われることが無くなった。
• However, this rather oldish-sounding term has not been used except for the members of Genro-in in Rome that often appear in the descriptions of European history.

• 千八百六十二年、もっと南に通してほしいという南部出身議員の意見にもかかわらず、北緯四十一度線と四十二度線の間に線路を敷くことが決定した。
• In 1862, in spite of the Southern Members of Congress, who wished a more southerly route, it was decided to lay the road between the forty-first and forty-second parallels.

• 現役の衆議院議員で首相となったのは原敬が初めてであり、大日本帝国憲法下の33人の首相の中では、濱口雄幸、犬養毅を併せた3人に留まっている。
• Takashi HARA was the first serving councilor of the House of Representatives who became the Prime Ministor and out of 33 Prime Ministers under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, there were only two more such cases: Osachi HAMAGUCHI and Tsuyoshi INUKAI.

• 馨が幼い頃に晶子が死去したが、初めて衆議院議員選挙に立候補して落選し、浪人生活を送っているときに、祖母の詩集『みだれ髪』を復刻させている。
• Kaoru was an early age when Akiko died, but after he ran unsuccessfully for his first election as a member of the House of Representatives, he published the reprint of his grandmother's collection of poetry 'Midaregami' while he was preparing for the next election.

• 衆議院が解散されたときは、解散の日から四十日以内に、衆議院議員の総選挙を行ひ、その選挙の日から三十日以内に、国会を召集しなければならない。
• When the House of Representatives is dissolved, there must be a general election of members of the House of Representatives within forty (40) days from the date of dissolution, and the Diet must be convoked within thirty (30) days from the date of the election.

• しかし清浦内閣はほぼ全ての閣僚が貴族院 (日本)議員から選出された超然主義であり、国民の間で再び憲政擁護を求める第二次護憲運動が起こった。
• The cabinet consisting of nearly all of the members of the House of Peers was clearly detached from the principles of constitutional rule and sparked the second Movement to Protect Constitutional Government among the people.

• 衆議院が解散されたときは、解散の日から四十日以内に、衆議院議員の總選擧を行ひ、その選擧の日から三十日以内に、國會を召集しなければならない。
• When the House of Representatives is dissolved, there must be a general election of members of the House of Representatives within forty (40) days from the date of dissolution, and the Diet must be convoked within thirty (30) days from the date of the election.

• 衆議院が解散されたときは、解散の日から四十日以內に、衆議院議員の總選擧を行ひ、その選擧の日から三十日以內に、國會を召集しなければならない。
• When the House of Representatives is dissolved, there must be a general election of members of the House of Representatives within forty (40) days from the date of dissolution, and the Diet must be convoked within thirty (30) days from the date of the election.

• その後千葉県の県議会議員を務め、明治14年（1881年）に香取郡の郡長に就任して利根川の治水対策や佐原出身の伊能忠敬の贈位実現に尽力した。
• Then, he served as a member of the prefectural assembly of Chiba Prefecture, and in 1881, he assumed the post of Guncho (governor of a county) of Katori County, and made every effort to take measures for flood control of the Tone-gawa River and to realize the conferral of a posthumous rank to Tadataka INO whose hometown was Sawara.

• 福三郎は一介の銀行員だったが、その父はやがて東京市会議員になるほどの地元の名士で、福三郎の陽性な性格の中にもそうした育ちの良さが感じられた。
• Fukusaburo was a mere bank clerk, but having a father who was a local prominent figure who became a member of the Tokyo City Assembly before long; Fukusaburo had something gentle in his cheerful character.

• 同じハーバード大学に入学した小村寿太郎と同宿し勉学に励むとともに、この頃、学外では著名な政治家、議員、文学者、哲学者、ジャーナリストと交際。
• He shared loggings and worked hard with Jutaro KOMURA, a fellow student at University, and he also associates with well-known politicians, congress people, writers, philosophers and journalists off campus.

• 日本銀行の役員が国会又は地方公共団体の議会の議員その他公選による公職の候補者となったときは、当該役員は、その役員たる職を辞したものとみなす。
• If an officer of the Bank of Japan becomes a candidate for the Diet, for any local council, or for any elected public office, he/she shall be deemed to have resigned as an officer of the Bank.

• 蜷川にとって最後の京都府本会議で、府議会議員であった野中広務は『横綱に子供が飛びかかる光景』、『議場が蜷川教授の教室』と例えた演説を行った。
• At the plenary meeting of the Kyoto prefectural assembly which was the last assembly for Ninagawa, Hiromu NONAKA, a member of the prefectural assembly, likened the meeting to 'children hurling themselves at a yokozuna (grand champion of sumo wrestling)' and the session hall to 'a lecture room of the professor Ninagawa' in his speech.

• 華族には身分上・財産上の特権が与えられ、明治22年（1889年）に大日本帝国憲法が制定されると、貴族院 (日本)議員となる特権も与えられた。
• Privileges in social statutes as well as in property were given to Kazoku members, and when the Constitution of the Empire of Japan was established in 1889, they were given the privilege of becoming members of the House of Peers (in Japan).

• アジヤ州の議員で、パウロの友人であった人たちも、彼に使をよこして、劇場にはいって行かないようにと、しきりに頼んだ。 (使徒行伝 19:31)
• Certain also of the Asiarchs, being his friends, sent to him and begged him not to venture into the theater. (Acts 19:31)

• 明治23年（1890年）には府会副議長となり、明治27年（1894年）には尾崎三良らと帝国財政革新会を結成し、この年には衆議院議員に当選する。
• In 1890 Taguchi became deputy chairman of the Tokyo assembly, and in 1894 formed a council for reform of imperial financial affairs (the Teikoku Zaisei Kakushin Kai) with Saburo OZAKI, and was also elected a member of the House of Representatives the same year.

• 更生保護法人が合併するには、理事の三分の二以上の同意及び定款で更に評議員会の議決を要するものと定めている場合には、その議決がなければならない。
• The merger of the juridical person for offenders rehabilitation shall be preceded by the consent of two thirds or more of the directors, and in addition, by the resolution of the Board of Councillors when such resolution is required by the articles of incorporation.

• また、国会議員と国会職員に対しては国会分館を中心に貸し出しサービスも行われており、図書館への貸し出しと異なって貸し出しの冊数制限も存在しない。
• Additionally, loan services are available for Diet members and Diet staff primarily in the Diet Branch Library; but unlike loans to other libraries there is no restriction on the number of books to be loaned to Diet members and Diet staff.

• 貴族院の成立後、議員の身分ごとに院内会派結成の動きが見られたが、男爵出身者にはこうした動きが見られず、木曜会→研究会などの各会派に分散していた。
• After the House of Peers was established, there was a movement in formation of a faction within the Diet in accordance with the rank of a councilor, but it was not for baronial members, so the members in the Mokuyo-kai dispersed into every faction such as the Kenkyu-kai.

• 景気の悪化など大きな不安要素はあったものの、5月に行われた第10回衆議院議員総選挙で、与党政友会が歴史的大勝を果たした矢先の退陣は憶測を呼んだ。
• Although there were certain disturbing elements such as economic downturn in those days, the resignation prompted a flurry of speculation because the cabinet was dissolved shortly after the ruling Seiyu Party won the tenth general election of the House of Representative in May with a historic landslide victory.

• その一方で国民協会は独自の院内会派を結成しなかったために、国民協会所属のまま会派だけは中央交渉会に籍をおく議員が存在するなど複雑な状態となった。
• On the other hand, there were some councilors who belonged to Kokumin Kyokai while remaining to be members of the Central Negotiation Committee as a parliamentary group since Kokumin Kyokai didn't organize their own parliamentary group, and situation became very confusing.

• 1890年（明治23年）開会の第1回通常会から、1946年（昭和21年）開会の第92回通常会まで、議員総数は250名から400名程度で推移した。
• The number of councilors fluctuated between 250 and 400 from the first ordinary Diet session in 1890 and the ninety-second ordinary Diet session in 1946.

• 両議院の議員及びその選挙人の資格は、法律でこれを定める。但し、人種、信条、性別、社会的身分、門地、教育、財産又は収入によつて差別してはならない。
• The qualifications of members of both Houses and their electors shall be fixed by law. However, there shall be no discrimination because of race, creed, sex, social status, family origin, education, property or income.

• 内閣は、国会の臨時会の召集を決定することができる。いづれかの議院の総議員の四分の一以上の要求があれば、内閣は、その召集を決定しなければならない。
• The Cabinet may determine to convoke extraordinary sessions of the Diet. When a quarter or more of the total members of either House makes the demand, the Cabinet must determine on such convocation.

• 宮城道雄と提携し、宮城作曲の尺八譜の公刊を独占したこと、評議員制の導入など中央集権的な組織作りを行ったことなど都山流は尺八界最大の組織となった。
• By collaborating with Michio MIYAGI and coming to hold the exclusive rights to publishing shakuhachi notation for MIYAGI's compositions, introducing a council system and the like, Tozan NAKANO established a centralized organization that grew to become the largest organization in the shakuhachi world.

• 合衆国大統領が審判される場合には、最高裁判所長官が議長となる。何人といえども、出席議員の3分の2の同意がなければ、有罪の判決を受けることはない。
• When the President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.

• 兩議院の議員及びその選擧人の資格は、法律でこれを定める。但し、人種、信條、性別、社會的身分、門地、教育、財産又は收入によつて差別してはならない。
• The qualifications of members of both Houses and their electors shall be fixed by law. However, there shall be no discrimination because of race, creed, sex, social status, family origin, education, property or income.

• 内閣は、國會の臨時會の召集を決定することができる。いづれかの議院の總議員の四分の一以上の要求があれば、内閣は、その召集を決定しなければならない。
• The Cabinet may determine to convoke extraordinary sessions of the Diet. When a quarter or more of the total members of either House makes the demand, the Cabinet must determine on such convocation.

• 兩議院の議員及びその選擧人の資格は、法律でこれを定める。但し、人種、信條、性別、社會的身分、門地、敎育、財產又は收入によつて差別してはならない。
• The qualifications of members of both Houses and their electors shall be fixed by law. However, there shall be no discrimination because of race, creed, sex, social status, family origin, education, property or income.

• 內閣は、國會の臨時會の召集を決定することができる。いづれかの議院の總議員の四分の一以上の要求があれば、內閣は、その召集を決定しなければならない。
• The Cabinet may determine to convoke extraordinary sessions of the Diet. When a quarter or more of the total members of either House makes the demand, the Cabinet must determine on such convocation.

• 保安条例で東京を追放され横浜市に住んだが、国会が開かれると第1回衆議院議員総選挙で当選して衆議院となり、1894年に貴族院 (日本)に勅撰された。
• Though he lived in Yokohama City after he was expelled from Tokyo due to hoan jorei (regulations for the preservation of law and order), he became The House of Representatives elected in the first general election of members of the House of Representatives in Diet and was selected for the House of Peers (Japan) in 1894.

• そして5月10日に行なわれた第15回衆議院議員総選挙の結果、護憲三派からは286名（憲政会151名。政友会105名。革新倶楽部30名）らが当選する。
• As a result of the 15th general election of the House of Representatives on May 10, 286 candidates were elected to the House from the Goken Sanpa (151 from the Kenseikai Party, 105 from the Seiyukai Party and 30 from the Kakusin Kurabu.)

• 同委員会では関西経済連合会などと連携して3年後を目処に「古典の日」を国の制定する記念日とすることを目指して政府や国会議員に働きかけることにしている。
• Cooperating with the Kansai Economic Federation and other organizations, the committee is to make approaches to the government and members of the Diet, aiming at setting up 'Classics Day' as a nationally-enacted commemoration day by three years from now.

• 定款の変更、重要な資産の処分、合併、解散、その他更生保護法人の業務に関する重要な事項は、定款をもって、評議員会の議決を要するものとすることができる。
• Amendments of the articles of incorporation, the disposition of important assets, merger, dissolution and other important matters concerning the business of the juridical person for offenders rehabilitation may be designated by the articles of incorporation as matters requiring the resolution of the Board of Councillors.

• この政府案を元に国民の間で広く議論が行われ、4月10日には衆議院議員総選挙が行われた（もっとも、国民の最大の関心は、新憲法より生活の安定にあった）。
• People extensively discussed on the Draft on March 6, and the general election of members of the House of Representatives was held on April 10 (But people's actual greatest concern was their lifestyle stability, not the constitution.)

• その後、三代目南陵の弟子間で訴訟にまで発展する内紛があり、四代目南陵（前名小南陵・元参議院議員）一門は上方講談協会を除名され大阪講談協会を結成した。
• Subsequently, an internecine feud broke out between those apprenticed to Nanryo the third, which developed into a lawsuit, and the family of Nanryo the fourth (former Konanryo and former member of the House of Councilors) was expelled from Kamigata Kodan Kyokai (Kamigata Kodan Association), after which they formed Osaka Kodan Kyokai (Osaka Kodan Association).

• しかし4年後の1884年（明治14年）、日本政府は「区町村会法」を改訂し、規則制定権を区町村会から取り上げたため、町村会議員選挙から女性は排除された。
• Yet four year later, in 1884, the Japanese government revised the 'Local Government Assembly Law' and stripped away the right to establish regulations from the local government, whereupon women were again barred from participating in local government assembly elections.

• 外資導入などを積極的に行い“実業界議員”として名を馳せると、これを良しとしない壮士（政治活動家）の、いの一番の標的となり、たびたび狙われ暴行を浴びた。
• As he gained a reputation as a 'lawmaker well-connected with the business world,' for his policy of proactively introducing foreign capital, he became an immediate target of the political activist who were critical about his policy and he was frequently assaulted by those activists.

• 先例で、単に平穏な文字を並べて誠忠、勅意の副う旨をもって起草されることになれた議員は、文言にその意を深くとどめなかったのか、満場一致でこれを可決した。
• Members of the House who got used to precedent of drafts being made out only with moderate words showing loyalty and intention of meeting the imperial notion, might not have paid enough attention to the wording, they passed it by unanimity.

• 明治22年（1889年）、勅令第11号貴族院令が制定されると侯爵は同令第1条の2により、侯爵たる者は貴族院議員となる資格を与えられることが規定された。
• In 1889, when Imperial Edict No.11, Kizokuin (the House of Peers) Law was established, Article 1-2 of the edict entitled a marquis to be a member of the House of Peers.

• 衆議院議員であり、農民運動の先導者であった田中正造は、1900年2月15日、事件に関する質問演説を行っている途中で、当時所属していた憲政本党を離党した。
• Shozo TANAKA, a member of the House of Representatives and a leader of the peasant movement, announced his departure from the Kenseihon Party which he was then affiliated when he was questioning the Kawamata Incident at the Diet meeting on February 15, 1900.

• 同年の男爵議員互選でわすか6議席獲得にとどまって総計10名にまで縮小した木曜会も1913年には解散して研究会に復帰する者と土曜会に合流する者に分裂した。
• The Mokuyo-kai which reduced to a total of ten members with capturing only six seats in the mutual vote for baronial members in 1911 was also dissolved and some of the members returned to the Kenkyu-kai and others joined the Doyo-kai.

• 帝国議会の開設に合わせて、旧自由民権運動諸派の間で大同団結運動が発生すると、同運動に反対する保守的な議員達もこれに対抗するために結集を果たすようになる。
• In time with the opening of the Imperial Diet, a movement to the Daido assembly happened among the old minor parties supporting the Jiyu Minken Undo on the sidelines of opening of the Imperial Diet, the conservative councilors who opposed the movement assembled in a move to counteract them.

• 管長の裁量で副教区長を置く場合がある（教区長・副教区長とも管長が任命し、任期は3年）また、教区内に幹事（代議員・組長を教区長が任命する）を置くことがある
• There are instances in which a deputy parish chief (parish chiefs and deputy parish chiefs are appointed by the chief abbot for a period of 3 years) or managers within a parish (delegates and bosses are appointed by the parish chief) are appointed at the discretion of the chief abbot.

• しかし、7期目を目指した1974年の知事選では自民・公明党・民社党に加えて社会党の一部までが組んだ対立候補(前社会党参議院議員だった大橋和孝)に大苦戦。
• In the election in 1974, Ninagawa fought an uphill battle for his seventh term against the opposing candidate (Kazutaka OHASHI, a former Japan Socialist Party member of House of Councilors) who was backed by the Liberal Democratic Party, the Komeito Party, the Democratic Socialist Party, and also a part of the Japan Socialist Party.

• 明治22年（1889年）、勅令第11号貴族院令が制定されると、公爵は同令第1条の1により、公爵たる者は貴族院議員となる資格を与えられることが規定された。
• In 1889, when Imperial Edict No.11, Kizokuin (the House of Peers) Law was established, Article 1-1 of the edict entitled Dukes to be members of the House of Peers.

• それどころか、我々は長官、評議員、首長、および組織レベルのすべてにおいて、これらの選挙を開催するためになすべきことを絶えず続けていかなければなりません。
• On the contrary, we have to continue doing what should be done to hold these elections on all the presidential, legislative, administrative and organizational levels.

• 武道の諸団体と相協力して維持発展に努力を期し、役員も全国から選ばれた評議員の会で純民間人を推薦してこれをあて、取扱う種目も剣道・柔道・弓道などに限定した。
• Efforts were made on behalf of conservation and development through mutual cooperation with various martial arts organizations, the board members were appointed from among the private citizens, being recommended through a council elected from around the country, and the items they handled were limited to Kendo, Judo and Kyudo.

• 静岡県令、沖縄県知事（第4代）、貴族院 (日本)議員、元老院議官、錦鶏間祗候、日本鉄道会社、（のち甲武鉄道会社、両毛鉄道会社水戸鉄道社長兼任）の社長など。
• He held various posts such as the Shizuoka prefectural governor, the (fourth) governor of Okinawa, a member of the House of Peers (of Japan), Genroin gikan (councilor of Chamber of Elders), Kinkei-no-ma shiko (Kinkei Hall attendance) and the president of Nippon Railway (later serving concurrently as the president of Kobu Railway Company, Ryomo Railway Company, and Mito Railway Co.).

• 明治25年（1892年）の第2回衆議院議員総選挙では総理大臣・松方正義の依頼を受けて1月から2月まで近畿地方・瀬戸内地方で政府系候補の支援活動を行なった。
• At the second general election of members of the House of Representatives held in 1892, he was requested by the Prime Minister, Masayoshi MATSUKATA to support the government-affiliated candidates in Kinki area and Setouchi area from January to February.

• その後、補充議員の新規参加によって議席数を回復したものの、日本国憲法公布による貴族院廃止に伴って1947年5月2日に解散された（尚友会の解散は同月27日）。
• Later, it recovered the number of seats due to the new participation by supplementary councilors, but was dissolved on May 2, 1947 as the abolition of the House of Peers due to promulgation of the Constitution of Japan (Shoyukai was dissolved on May 27)

• 特に後者の離脱が近衛文麿が中心であったことから研究会の権威は大いに失墜した（ちなみに後に3次にわたった近衛内閣では閣僚から研究会所属議員は排除されている）。
• Especially since the latter one was led by Fumimaro KONOE, Kenkyukai suffered a great loss of prestige (in the connection, later, members of Kenkyukai were excluded from the three KONOE Cabinets.

• 1925年、台湾銀行頭取を任期満了により退任した中川は、12月1日「貴族院令」第一条第4号「国家ニ勲労アリ又ハ学識アル者」が適用され貴族院議員に勅選された。
• In 1925, NAKAGAWA, who resigned his post as vice president of Bank of Taiwan at the termination of his term, and on December 1, was chosen to be a member of House of Peers by Imperial command, based on the application of the article 1-clause 4, 'those who contributed to the nation or those of knowledge.'

• 1959年（昭和34年、79歳）、全国区より参議院に再度当選したが、同時に当選した次男鮎川金次郎派運動員の選挙違反容疑が高まり、12月に責任をとり議員辞職。
• In 1959 (at the age of 79), although he was reelected as a member of the House of Councilors from the nationwide constituency, he resigned from the Diet in December of the same year, taking the responsibility for highly-suspected election violations by campaigners for his second son Kinjiro AYUKAWA who was also elected in the same election.

• 1935年（昭和10年）には、政党間の政争を絡めて、貴族院において天皇機関説が公然と排撃され、主唱者であり貴族院の勅選議員となっていた美濃部が弁明に立った。
• In 1935, the Emperor Organ Theory was officially driven out in the House of Peers with political strife between parties involved, and Minobe, who was an advocator of the theory and a councilor by Imperial command, addressed the Diet in his own defense.

• 一方、明治23年（1890年）に多額納税貴族院議員、明治31年（1898年）「神戸新聞」を創刊、明治38年（1905年）神戸川崎銀行を開設、監督に就任した。
• Meanwhile, he became a high tax paying member of the House of the Peer in 1890, published 'Kobe Newspapers' in 1898, and was appointed as the chairman of Kobe Kawasaki Bank which he established in 1905.

• 自由党 (明治)に対抗する新党結成構想が硬六派の間で進められると、これに呼応して1896年2月に解散、所属議員は同年3月1日の進歩党 (明治)結成に参加した。
• They were dissolved in February of 1896 in response to their plan to form a new party to compete wih the Liberal Party (Meiji), and it's Diet members joined the formation of the Progressive Party (Meiji) on March 1 of the same year.

• 大日本協会は超党派の団体であり、佐々のように国民協会_(日本)に所属したまま、大日本協会に属している代議士や大日本協会専属の議員など、所属形態は多様であった。
• The Dai Nihon Kyokai was a nonpartisan organization consisting of members from different political parties, including representatives such as Sassa, who also belonged to the Kokumin Kyokai (National Association), and some councilors belonging exclusively to the Dai Nihon Kyokai.

• 明治25年（1892年）には福岡県知事として第2回衆議院議員総選挙における選挙干渉の中心となるが、これが後に問題となり白根専一内務次官とともに辞めさせられる。
• In 1892, he became a main character of the election interference as Governor of Fukuoka Prefecture in the second general election of the members of the House of Representatives, and this was pointed out later as a problem, so he was dismissed from office together with Vice-Minister of the Interior Senichi SHIRANE.

• 三宅 秀（みやけ ひいず、嘉永元年（1848年）11月 - 昭和13年（1938年）3月16日）は、日本の医師・蘭学者・医学者・国会議員（貴族院 (日本)）。
• Hiizu MIYAKE (November 1848 - March 16, 1938) is a doctor, Dutch scholar, medical scientist, members of the Diet (the House of Peers [Japan]) in Japan.

• 第4回衆議院議員総選挙の最中に日清戦争が勃発して政治休戦が確立したのを機に、第2次伊藤内閣によって前年に解散に追い込まれた大日本協会復興を模索する動きが現れた。
• As a political truce was called due to the Sino-Japanese war that started during the 4th general elections for the House of Representatives, a move was made to restore the Dainihon Kyoukai (a political association) that had been disbanded by the Second Ito cabinet the previous year.

• 専門調査会に属すべき者は、専門委員のうちから、議長が指名する。ただし、議長は、必要があると認める場合は、専門調査会に属すべき者として議員を指名することができる。
• Persons to be assigned to an expert panel shall be designated by the chairperson of the Council from among expert advisors; provided, however, that the chairperson, when he/she finds it necessary, may designate a member of the Council as a person to be assigned to an expert panel.

• 1996年に「アレルギー科」の標榜が許可され、2003年に理化学研究所免疫・アレルギー科学総合研究センターが設立されたなどのことも議員らの働きかけによるという。
• Measures such as the permission to use the 'allergy clinic' medical specialty in 1996 and the founding of the RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology in 2003 were also due to the actions of Diet members.

• この他に、僧の中から選挙によって議員が選ばれる宗会、綱紀粛正機関である監正会、管長が任命した権大僧都以上の者5名による参議会などの合議システムも導入されている。
• Apart from above, there are Shukai, which is a committee elected by an election among monks, Kanseikai (監正会) which is enforcement of the law of the land, and representative system introduced which has a group of five people participating in government who are appointed by kancho and are higher rank than gondaisozu (Junior prelate).

• 旧皇室典範により、成年（皇太子・皇太孫は満18歳。その他の皇族は満20歳。）に達した皇族の男子は、皇室内の事項について天皇の諮詢を受ける皇族会議の議員となった。
• By the decree of the former Imperial House Act, any male member of the Imperial family who reached the age of majority (18 for the crown prince or the son of the crown prince, 20 for other members of the Imperial family) became a councilor on the Imperial Family Council, a body consulted by the emperor on matters regarding the Imperial household.

• かくして、11月15日に土曜会残留者の受け皿として結成された新会派・同成会に10日遅れで「無所属」の残り議員が合流すると言う形で合併、同成会に参加することになった。
• 10 days later, the remainders in the 'Independents' joined into the Dosei-kai which was formed as a new faction for holdovers from the Doyo-kai on November 15.

• 1905年（明治38年）の貴族院令改正（明治38年勅令第58号）により、伯子男爵議員を通して定数143名とし、各爵位を有する者の総数に比例して配分することとなった。
• After the amendment of the ordinance of Kizokuin (Imperial Edict number 58) in 1905, the numbers were set to be a total of 143 for all count, viscount and baron councilors and the numbers from each rank were to be decided in proportion to the numbers with the same rank.

• 明治23年（1890年）には貴族院 (日本)議員となったが、厳格な浩はともに会派・懇話会を旗揚げした谷干城、曽我祐準と共に「貴族院三将軍」と言われて恐れられていた。
• In 1890, he became a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers), but he was so severe that everybody was afraid of him, and two others; Tateki TANI and Sukenori SOGA who started a parliamentary group called Konwa-kai all together, calling them 'Three generals of Kizokuin'.

• 帰国後は国内で司法省付属代言人（弁護士）の第1号となって活躍し、明治14年（1881年）には自由党(明治)の議員（代議士）となり、政党政治の基礎作りの一翼を担った。
• After returning to Japan, HOSHI became the first lawyer under the Ministry of Justice and actively worked in Japan, and in 1881, he became a councilor (as parliamentarian) of the Liberal Party, and took part in building the foundation of party government.

• 柴田 家門（しばた かもん、1863年2月6日（文久2年12月18日 (旧暦)） - 1919年（大正8年）8月25日）は、文部大臣、貴族院議員などを務めた政治家。
• Kamon SHIBATA (February 6, 1863 - August 25, 1919) is a statesman who served as Education Minister, a member of the House of Peers, and so on.

• これに陸奥宗光農商務大臣が抗議して辞任（陸奥は解散以前は現職衆議院議員。今回は自身は出なかったが、弟分である岡崎邦輔（従弟）・星亨の推薦人であった）、品川も辞任した。
• The Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Munemitsu MUTSU protested against this by own resignation (MUTSU was an incumbent House of Representatives member before dissolution. He did not stand in this time, but commended his younger brother by courtesy, Kunisuke OKAZAKI (cousin) and Toru HOSHI), and SHINAGAWA also resigned.

• このため、日本国憲法の施行とともに施行された国会法（昭和22年法律第79号）130条は「議員の調査研究に資するため、別に定める法律により、国会に国立国会図書館を置く。
• As a result, Article 130 of the National Diet Act (Act No. 79 of 1947), which came into force along with the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan, stipulated, 'The National Diet Library shall be established in the Diet by a separate law so as to assist Diet members in their research and study.'

• 田中 好（たなか よしみ、1886年12月 - 1956年11月14日）は、京都府船井郡（後の園部町城南町、現在の南丹市園部町城南町）生まれの元政治家（衆議院議員）。
• Yoshimi TANAKA (December 1886 - November 14, 1956) was a politician (House of Representatives) who was born in Funai County, Kyoto Prefecture (later Jonan-machi, Sonobe Town and now Jonan-machi, Sonobe Town, Nantan City)

• ところが、1910年の木曜会の内紛によって清交会を結成したグループが会派を維持できずに翌年に解散すると、その一部議員が「無所属」に入会したため、会派としての資格を得た。
• However, after a group which formed the Seiko-kai due to internal conflict of the Mokuyo-kai (Thursday Association) in 1910 could not maintain the faction and dissolved the following year, some of former members became a member of the 'Independents' so it qualified as a faction.

• 加えて貴族院では清浦がかつて所属していた研究会_(貴族院)の議員を閣僚10人中3人も入閣させるという「論功人事」を行ったことに対する他会派からの批判が湧き起こっていた。
• In addition, the fact that KIYOURA gave 3 out of 10 ministerial positions to the members of the House of Peers who belonged to the same faction as KIYOURA used to belong to, namely the Kenkyukai (Study Association) also triggered mounting criticism from among other political groups too.

• しかし鉄道敷設法では、多数の議員が鉄道各社の株主との理由もあってか法案成立に抵抗し、また、田口卯吉（両毛鉄道社長）は、民営鉄道こそが鉄道発展を促すとして井上と対立した。
• Many parliament members were, however, against enactment of the Railroad Construction Law, probably because they were shareholders of railway companies, and Ukichi TAGUCHI (president of Ryomo Railway) opposed INOUE, arguing that it was private railways that would facilitate the development of railways.

• 評議員会は、更生保護法人の業務若しくは財産の状況又は役員の業務執行の状況について、役員に対し意見を述べ、若しくはその諮問に答え、又は役員に対し報告を求めることができる。
• The Board of Councillors may state its opinions to officers, give advice in response to consultations from officers, or request officers to give a report in relation to the state of business or the properties of the juridical person for offenders rehabilitation or of an officer's execution of his/her duties.

• 国立国会図書館法はアメリカ図書館使節団の原案をもとに起草されたと言われているが、この前文は歴史家で国会議員の羽仁五郎（当時の参議院図書館運営委員長）が挿入したとされる。
• Though it is said that the National Diet Library Act was drawn up based on the original plan by the U.S. library mission, this preamble is believed to have been inserted by Goro HANI, a historian and a Diet member (who was then the chairman of the Steering Committee of the Library of the House of Councilors).

• 昭和10年（1935年）、美濃部達吉はそれまで学会で主流だった天皇機関説を主張したことで貴族院で排撃され、著書は発禁処分となり不敬罪で告訴され、貴族院議員の職を辞した。
• In 1935, Tatsukichi MINOBE emphasized the theory of the Emperor as an organ of government, which was the mainstream in the learned society, and was denounced in the House of Peers, his books became prohibited, he was prosecuted for lese majesty, and he resigned from the members of the House of Peers.

• それぞれ、議長7,500円、副議長4,500円、議員3,000円であった（いずれも1920年（大正9年）の法改正から1947年（昭和22年）の法廃止まで、衆議院も同額）。
• It was 7,500 JPY for the chairman, 4,500 JPY for the deputy chairman and 3,000 JPY for the rest of the councilors (this did not change from the amendment of the law in 1920 until it was abolished in 1947 and the salary for the councilors of the House of Representatives was the same.)

• 続いて3月29日、衆議院議員選挙法を改正し、選挙権を地租または国税15円以上から10円以上に緩和（さらに、国税は過去3年間から2年間に緩和。地租は1年間で変化無し）した。
• Subsequently, on March 29 he revised the Election Law of the Member of the House of Representatives and eased the price of the right to vote from 15 yen land or national tax or whichever was higher to 10 yen land or national tax or whichever was higher (furthermore, the price was reduced from three years' worth of national tax to two years' worth, while the land-tax-based price remained the same, which was one year's worth).

• この憲法を施行するために必要な法律の制定、参議院議員の選挙及び国会召集の手続並びにこの憲法を施行するために必要な準備手続は、前項の期日よりも前に、これを行ふことができる。
• The enactment of laws necessary for the enforcement of this Constitution, the election of members of the House of Councillors and the procedure for the convocation of the Diet and other preparatory procedures necessary for the enforcement of this Constitution may be executed before the day prescribed in the preceding paragraph.

• この憲法を施行するために必要な法律の制定、參議院議員の選擧及び國會召集の手續竝びにこの憲法を施行するために必要な準備手續は、前項の期日よりも前に、これを行ふことができる。
• The enactment of laws necessary for the enforcement of this Constitution, the election of members of the House of Councillors and the procedure for the convocation of the Diet and other preparatory procedures necessary for the enforcement of this Constitution may be executed before the day prescribed in the preceding paragraph.

• また政界においては、1874年に桑田郡追分村戸長をつとめたのを皮切りに、京都府議会議員、衆議院、貴族院 (日本)なども勤め、文字通り関西政財界のトップとして君臨し続けた。
• In the political field, after taking the position of kocho (village officer) for Oiwake-mura, Kuwata County in 1874, he served as a member of Kyoto Prefectural Assembly, the House of Representatives and the House of Peers (Japan) and literally, continued to dominate political and business fields in the Kansai.

• 明治25年（1892年）の第2回衆議院議員総選挙において、品川と白根は、つながりの深い「古参地方官」（地方の有力知事）や警察を動かして大規模な選挙干渉を行い民党側を圧迫。
• At the time of the second Lower House general election in 1892, Shinagawa and Shirane pressured the Minto party (the general term for the political parties such as Liberal Party and Progressive Party which conflicted with a han-dominated government when the Imperial Diet was inaugurated) by manipulating the well-connected influential regional governors and police in order to interfere with the election on a large scale.

• 日本製糖汚職事件（にほんせいとうおしょくじけん）は、台湾を舞台に日本製糖社取締役が共謀して、法律の延長を求めて複数の衆議院議員に対し金品を贈賄した明治時代に起きた疑獄事件。
• Nihon Seito Oshoku Jiken refers to a bribery scandal in the Meiji Period in which the board members of Nihon Seito in Taiwan conspired to bribe members of the House of Representatives with the aim of extending an effective period of a law.

• 中川は、「西園寺公爵がお亡くなりになった時に、私は貴族院議員の辞表を提出したが、同僚の意見もありそれは進達されずに途中で止められてしまった」と語っている（『中川家文書』）。
• NAKAGAWA said, 'When Duke SAIONJI passed away, I submitted my resignation to leave the House of Peers, but it was not processed and finally rejected due to my colleagues' opinions and others' ('Nakagawa Bunsho').

• 北賀市は堅実に郷里の石川県で田畑を購入し地主となり、勉学を重ね郡会議員にまでなったが、日露戦争が始まると露探（「ロシアのスパイ」の意）扱いをされ、辛い生活を余儀なくされた。
• Kitagaichi steadily spent his money to buy fields in his hometown of Ishikawa Prefecture and became a landlord, and finally became a member of a district assembly after studying hard, but during the Russo-Japanese War, he was accused of being a spy of Russia, and had to bear a hard life.

• なお、軍人の暴走例としてよく取り上げられる問題ではあるが、そもそも国会議員が政治抗争の手段として、軍内部の争いに油を注ぐ形で持ち出した問題であることには注意するべきである。
• This problem is discussed often as a violate example of the military men, but it should be noticed that originally the Members of the Diet brought up this matter stimulating the conflicts in the army as the means of the political dispute.

• 最高執行機関である中央執行委員会と常設議決機関である代議員会を中心に運営されており、大学が公認するクラブやサークルは全て学友会の団体（中央執行委員会直属団体）となっている。
• It is managed by the Executive Committee (the highest organization) and the Board of Representatives, which is the standing committee, and the sports team and club activities approved by the University are also members of the organization Gakuyu-kai (under the Executive Committee).

• そこで12月13日に懲罰にかけられて185対92で除名要件である三分の二を超える67％の賛成を得たため、除名処分となり、衆議院議員の資格を失った星は自動的に議長を解任された。
• On December 13, a motion calling for disciplinary action against HOSHI was passed by a vote of 185 yea to 92 nay, approved by 67 % which exceeded two-thirds votes required for expelling him from the parliament and therefore, HOSHI lost his seat in the House, automatically losing his position as chairman as well.

• 1935年（昭和10年）、貴族院 (日本)議員で陸軍中将の菊池武夫 (陸軍軍人)が、当時通説的地位を持っていた統治機構に関する学説である天皇機関説を、国体に反するものと非難。
• At that time, the emperor organ theory was commonly accepted as evidence of the emperor's sovereignty, but in 1935, a member of the House of Peers and lieutenant general, Takeo KIKUCHI criticized the treaty for going against the national polity.

• 官吏任用叙級令施行に伴ふ官吏に対する叙位及び叙勲並びに貴族院及び衆議院の議長、副議長、議員又は市町村長及び市町村助役に対する叙勲の取扱に関する件（昭和21年5月3日閣議決定）
• On treatment of the bestowal of the honors and an order on government officials, and the bestowal of an order on the President, the Vice-President, and members of the House of Peers, the Speaker, the Deputy-Speaker, and members of the House of Representatives, and the mayors and deputy mayors of cities, towns, and villages as enforcement of the government official class bestowal act (Cabinet approval on May 2, 1946)

• 朝生の討論で、パネラーの国会議員に「批判しているだけ」と指摘され、「僕がテレビで話すことは社会的に価値のある活動だと思っている」と言い返したが、スタジオの観客からは笑われた。
• When a member of the Diet as a panelist of 'Asamade Namaterebi' pointed out to Oshima, 'All you do is criticize,' he answered with, 'I think what I say on the program has social value,' but he was laughed at by the studio audience.

• 後に枢密顧問官、貴族院議員次いで同副議長などを務めたが、日本が近代的な法制を整えるにつれてその政治的な情熱は影を潜めて、やがて早々と政界を引退して教育界に「第二の人生」を求めた。
• Later, he served as a privy councilor, a member of the House of Peers, and a chairman of the House of Peers, but his political passion faded away as Japan prepared a modern legal system, and he left the political world early and tried to find 'his second life' in education.

• このダムは鉱毒対策を目的の中に入れていなかったが、参議院議員近藤英一郎（当時）が商工委員会で質問を行った結果、このダムについては「水質保全に特に留意」することとされた経緯がある。
• This dam had not been for controlling mining pollution, however, after Eiichiro KONDO, a member of the House of Councilors (at that time) enquired at the committee of commerce and industry, it was concluded that 'it is especially important to keep water quality of this dam.'

• ただし、勤皇の志士たちを多く輩出した山口県などを出身とする人々には彼らを「幕府に雇われたテロリスト集団」として位置づける人もいる（松岡滿壽男参議院議員・当時の国会での発言より）。
• However, some people from Yamaguchi Prefecture and that area, which produced many Imperial loyalists, regard Shinsen-gumi as 'a group of terrorists employed by the shogunate ' (Masuo MATSUOKA, member of the House of Councilors/taken from his speech at the National Diet, during his time in office).

• 内務大臣（第20代）、長崎県令、三重県令、兵庫県知事、長野県知事（第2代）、神奈川県知事（第3代）、大阪府知事（第8代）、京都府知事（第8代）、会計検査院長、貴族院議員を務めた。
• He served as (the twentieth) Minister of Home Affairs, the prefectural governor of Nagasaki and Mie, the governor of Hyogo Prefecture, the (second) governor of Nagano Prefecture, the (third) governor of Kanagawa Prefecture, the (eighth) governor of Osaka Prefecture, the (the eight) governor of Kyoto Prefecture, the President of the Board of Audit, and a member of the House of Peers.

• 議員や大統領など、政策立案者たちに、法執行機関が暗号化データでとても困っていて、それを解読する現実的な方法がないと思わせることで、キーリカバリなどのとんでもない手法を採択させる。
• To encourage policy-makers such as Congressmen or the President to impose drastic measures such as key recovery, in the belief that law enforcement has a major encrypted-data problem and no practical way to crack codes.

• 選挙には長女・由紀の夫で元大蔵省官僚の池坊雅史が出馬した（落選）ことから、当時の新進党から比例代表制（名簿1位）からの出馬要請があり、1996年の第41回衆議院議員総選挙で初当選。
• After Masafumi IKENOBO, the husband of her eldest daughter Yuki, who formerly worked as a government official in the Finance Ministry, was defeated in an election, Yasuko IKENOBO was requested by the then New Frontier Party to run as a candidate for a proportional representation election (ranked first on the list of candidates) and she was elected as a representative for the first time in 1996 in the 41st general election of the members of the House of Representatives.

• 足尾銅山による鉱毒被害が増大すると、衆議院議員田中正造の主導の下、1896年10月4日、群馬県邑楽郡渡瀬村 (群馬県)（現館林市）にある雲龍寺に、栃木・群馬両県鉱毒事務所がおかれた。
• As the mining pollution damage caused by the Ashio copper mine became serious, Shozo TANAKA, a member of the House of Representatives, set up a mining damage office for both Ibaragi and Gunma Prefecture on October 4, 1896 at Unryu-ji Temple in Watase Village, Oura County, Gunma Prefecture (the present Tatebayashi City, Gunma Prefecture.)

• 元々十河などが国会 (日本)内での承認を得るために安く見積もっていたこと、さらには新幹線建設に集中するために地方路線建設の請願を蹴っていた事で国会議員の不興を買っていた事もあっった。
• Originally, Sogo and persons concerned low-balled the estimated cost needed to get approval of the Diet (of Japan), and in addition, rejected requests for constructing local railway lines to concentrate their efforts on the construction of Shinkansen, incurring displeasure of members of the Diet.

• ある朝、彼は、共和国に関わる事柄を討議するかに装って、シラクサの人民と元老院を召集すると、取り決めておいた合図とともに、兵士が元老院議員と人民の中でも最も富裕な人々を全員殺しました。
• One morning he assembled the people and senate of Syracuse, as if he had to discuss with them things relating to the Republic, and at a given signal the soldiers killed all the senators and the richest of the people;
• One morning he assembled the people and the senate of Syracuse, as if he had to discuss with them things relating to the Republic, and at a given signal the soldiers killed all the senators and the richest of the people;

• 内務省 (日本)や司法省の官僚を務め、議会法に通じていた清浦らの主導により1892年に尚友会（しょうゆうかい）という院外団体を結成して非議員の華族を巻き込んで選挙運動を進めたのである。
• Led by KIYOURA who used to be a bureaucrat of the Internal Ministry and Justice Ministry and therefore was versed to the assembly law, Kenkyukai formed a non-Diet group called 'Shoyukai' in 1892 to organize the election campaign embroiling peers from outside the Diet.

• 貴族院の公爵議員として、そして1892年（明治25年）から1904年（明治37年）まで貴族院議長として歴代の藩閥政府には常に批判的であり、第1次松方内閣の選挙干渉などを厳しく批判した。
• From 1892 to 1904, he kept a critical attitude to the government dominated by domain cliques as a prince-councilor and President of Kizokuin (the House of Peers), he strongly criticized election interference by the first Matsukata cabinet.

• 職員が報酬を得て、営利企業以外の事業の団体の役員、顧問若しくは評議員の職を兼ね、その他いかなる事業に従事し、若しくは事務を行うにも、内閣総理大臣及びその職員の所轄庁の長の許可を要する。
• If an official is to hold concurrently the position of an officer, advisor or councillor in any undertaking other than a profit-making enterprise, or to engage in any other undertaking or to carry on a business, by receiving remuneration, he/she shall require the permission of the Prime Minister and the head of the government agency employing that official.

• 調査部門の各課はおおむね国会両院の常任委員会の構成に対応する主題別に細分されており、国会議員の問い合わせに応じて調査を行う立法レファレンス業務や、時事的な問題についての予備調査を行う。
• The divisions of the Research Bureau are mostly divided into smaller groups by topics that correspond to the structure of the standing committees of both houses, and legislative reference activity based on requests from Diet members and anticipatory research on current issues are conducted.

• それに伴い社会基盤は自前で行う範囲が発生した資金を町人（現在の地方議員と金持ちを兼ねた様な存在）を始めとする大店（おおだな）などが負担し、おもに大工、鳶、木材商などに従事する者が行った。
• Thus, the public infrastructure was supported financially by chonin (similar to present day rich local legislators) as well as odana (rich merchants), and was constructed by carpenters, scaffolding men, and timber merchants.

• 神田 孝平（かんだ たかひら、文政13年9月15日 (旧暦)（1830年10月31日） - 明治31年（1898年）7月5日）は幕末の洋学者、明治時代の兵庫県県令、元老院議官、貴族院議員。
• Takahira KANDA (31 October 1830 - 1898) was a scholar in the end of Edo Period, the governor of Hyogo Prefecture, Councilor of the Senate and Councilor of House of Peers in the Meiji Period.

• 中川 小十郎（なかがわ こじゅうろう、慶応2年1月4日 (旧暦)（1866年2月18日） - 1944年10月7日）は、元貴族院議員、文部省官僚で、京都法政学校（現在の立命館大学）創立者。
• Kojuro NAKAGAWA (February 18, 1866 - October 7, 1944) is a former member of the House of Peers, official of the Ministry of Education, and the founder of Kyoto Hosei School (present Ritsumeikan University).

• 共和制ローマでは市民は貴族（patricius）と平民 （plebeius）の2つの階級に別れており、当初は政治は貴族が握り、元老院議員を始めとして執政官（コンスル）は貴族が独占していた。
• In republican Rome, citizens were divided into two classes of Kizoku (patricius) and common people (plebeius), and initially, politics were controlled by Kizoku, with administrative rulers, including members of the Chamber of Elders, exclusively occupied by Kizoku.

• アリマタヤのヨセフが大胆にもピラトの所へ行き、イエスのからだの引取りかたを願った。彼は地位の高い議員であって、彼自身、神の国を待ち望んでいる人であった。 (マルコによる福音書 15:43)
• Joseph of Arimathaea, a prominent council member who also himself was looking for the Kingdom of God, came. He boldly went in to Pilate, and asked for Jesus' body. (Mark 15:43)

• 1891年12月22日に貴族院議員に勅撰された南郷茂光・武井守正・馬屋原彰・小原重哉らが、翌日に当時麹町公園内にあった星ヶ岡茶寮において結束して行動するための団体結成を協議したことに始まる。
• On December 22, 1891 Shigemitsu NANGO, Morimasa TAKEI, Gensho UMAYA, Shigeya OHARA and others were chosen by the Emperor to be inducted into the House of Peers, and the following day began to hold discussions at the Hoshigaoka Tea House (located in what was then Kojimachi Park) about forming a union and acting in concert.

• 岩手県盛岡市出身の貴族院議員で第18・22代東京府知事阿部浩は、平家物語にある「安倍宗任と梅の故事」にならい、安倍氏ゆかりの盛岡市安倍館町に別邸を建て、吾郷楳荘（現・一ノ倉庭園）と名づけた。
• Hiroshi Abe, who came from Morioka City, Iwate Prefecture and was a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) and the 18th and 22nd Governor of Tokyo Prefecture, constructed his second residence in Abetate-cho, Morioka City which is associated with the Abe clan; the residence was built after the 'historical event of ABE no Muneto and the plum blossom' described in the Heike Monogatari (The Tale of Heike); accordingly, he named the residence as Akyobaiso (also pronounced as Agobaiso [present Ichinokura Garden).

• 翌1892年2月15日に第2回衆議院議員総選挙が行われたが、この際品川弥二郎内務大臣と白根専一同次官が中心となって大規模な選挙干渉を行って、民党関係者を中心に死者25名負傷者388名を出した。
• On February 15, 1892, the next year, the second general election of members of the House of Representatives was held, but Yajiro SHINAGAWA, Minister of Home Affairs and Senichi SHIRANE, the vice-minister took the lead in extensive election interference then, and 25 people died and 388 people injured mainly among people related to minto.

• 第10回衆議院議員総選挙において過半数に迫る187議席を獲得したものの、政友会の基盤が確固たるものになることを警戒した山縣有朋から財政政策の不備と社会主義取締の緩さを問題視する上奏が行われた。
• In the tenth general election of members of the House of Representatives, the Seiyu party won 187 seats, and almost became the majority; Aritomo YAMAGATA, who feared the stability of the party, reported to the throne that the cabinet was not effective in its financial policy or regulation of socialism.

• また、政党が農村部で発達し始めたことから、選挙区の組み替えや国税納付の資格を緩和することで、これまでの地盤を破壊し、政府や都市部の意向を反映した議員を生み出しやすくする狙いがあったといわれる。
• Also, because political parties started to develop in villages it was assumed that he let the conventional foundation collapse and facilitated the development of assembly members who incorporated the intentions of the national government or city governments by changing constituencies or easing qualifications for payment of the national tax.

• 職員は、商業、工業又は金融業その他営利を目的とする私企業（以下営利企業という。）を営むことを目的とする会社その他の団体の役員、顧問若しくは評議員の職を兼ね、又は自ら営利企業を営んではならない。
• No official shall concurrently hold the position of an officer, advisor or councillor in a company or any other organization established for the purpose of operating a commercial, industrial, financial or other for-profit private enterprise (hereinafter referred to as 'profit-making enterprise'), nor shall he/she operate, on his/her own account, any profit-making enterprise.

• 戦争終結後の数日目には、早くも新たな婦人団体が立ち上げられ、再び婦人参政権要求の声が上がり、翌年の総選挙で多数の女性議員が誕生したのも、そのような日本における婦人運動の成果であったと言えよう。
• It is reasonable to say that it was thanks to the legacy of those women's movements that women's associations were re-formed as early as a few days after the war ended, demands for women's suffrage began anew, and several female members were elected to the Diet during the general election held in the following year.

• 在任中は、サンフランシスコ講和条約の首席全権代理、参議院自由党議員会長、自民党京都府議連初代会長（4期連続）などを務めた他、第三次から第五次吉田内閣で国務大臣を務めるなど国政の要職を歴任した。
• Whilst sitting as a Councilor, he served as a Deputy Minister Plenipotentiary at the time of the San Francisco Peace Treaty, as Chairperson of the Liberal Party Councilors in the Upper House, and the first Chairperson of the Liberal Party Kyoto Member Union (4 consecutive terms), and in other posts; in addition, he attended to important matters of state as Minister of State and other posts in the 3rd through to 5th Yoshida Cabinets.

• また、当時の歳出は公債返済の占める割合が多く削減の割合が多かったこと、また民党議員でも地元の公共事業への予算配分を求める意見があるなど政費節減のための具体策については民党内でもまとまらなかった。
• In addition, the expenditure was often reduced since repayment of bonds had a higher percentage of the annual government expenditure at that time, and some of the councilors of Minto called for budget distribution to their local public work projects, indicating a specific measure for expense savings could not be finalized even in Minto.

• 明治21年（1888年）、博士 (文学)の学位を取得し、帝室制度取調掛に任命され、明治23年（1890年）、貴族院 (日本)議員に勅選され、明治26年（1893年）、法典調査会査定委員となった。
• In 1888 he received doctorate in literature, and he was appointed as Torishirabegakari (a researcher) of the department of the Imperial Household system, in 1890 he was selected as a member of the House of Peers by the Imperial command, and in 1893 he became a member of the evaluation subcommittee of the National Code research committee.

• これは当時、清浦内閣を翌年5月10日に予定されていた総選挙施行のための期間限定の選挙管理内閣であり、中立性に配慮した結果、政党色のない貴族院議員が占めるのは仕方がないとする見方もあったからである。
• Some say that this was because in the first place, the KIYOURA cabinet had a role as a caretaker cabinet to administer the general election planned on May 10 next year and to serve for a limited period of time, so people thought it was only natural that such a short-term cabinet was dominated by members of House of Peers who were less political in order to keep the cabinet neutral.

• 一方で、現役の貴族院議員の首相は伊藤博文を始め、松方正義、大隈重信、桂太郎、西園寺公望、高橋是清、清浦奎吾、加藤高明、若槻禮次郎、近衛文麿、東久邇宮稔彦王、幣原喜重郎、吉田茂などかなりの数に上った。
• On the other hand, serving Kizokuin councilors who became the Prime Ministers were Hirobumi ITO, Masayoshi MATSUKATA, Shigenobu OKUMA, Taro KATSURA, Kinmochi SAIONJI, Kirekiyo TAKAHASHI, Keigo KIYOURA, Takaaki KATO, Reijiro WAKATSUKI, Fumimaro KONOE, Prince Higashikuninomiya Naruhiko, Kijuro SHIDEHARA, Shigeru YOSHIDA and more.

• 1998年の憲政党による第1次大隈内閣の成立した事に危機感を抱いた高橋新吉_(英学者)・坊城俊章・有地品之允ら少数の純無所属議員が政党内閣に反対して超然主義を擁護するために結成した集団が原点であった。
• It was based on a group which was formed against party cabinet and for protecting the nonparty principle by a small number of the Pure Independents such as Shinkichi TAKAHASHI (scholar), Toshiaya BOJO and Shinanojo ARICHI who had felt a crisis of the establishment of the first Okuma Cabinet by the Kenseito (Constitutional Party) in 1898.

• 曾孫に吉田健一 (英文学者)（作家）、大久保利晃（放射線影響研究所理事長、前産業医科大学長）、玄孫に寛仁親王妃信子、牧野力（通産省事務次官）、麻生太郎（内閣総理大臣）、武見敬三（元参議院議員）がいる。
• Great-grandchildren include Kenichi YOSHIDA (scholar of American and English literature; writer), Toshiaki OKUBO (administrative director of a radiation influence research institute, former president of an industrial medical university), great-great-grandchildren include Princess Nobuko, the wife of Imperial Prince Tomohito; Tsutomu MAKINO (deputy secretary of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry), Taro ASO (prime minister) and Keizo TAKEMI (former member of the House of Councilors).

• 京都青年絵画研究会展示会の評議員（1886年）、京都美術協会委員（1890年）、京都市立日本青年絵画共進会顧問（1891年）、帝室技芸員（1917年）、帝国美術院会員（1919年）と、順風満帆だった。
• He was appointed judge of the Kyoto Young Men's Society of Painting (1886), became a member of the Kyoto Fine Arts Association (1890), an advisor to the Kyoto City Young Painter Exhibition of Japan (1891), a Teishitsu Gigeiin (Imperial art expert) (1917) and was a member of the Imperial Fine Arts Academy (1919).

• 当時の子爵議員の定数は70であったが、1897年の最初の改選では45議席を獲得し、1911年には66議席を獲得して総計で100議席の大台に乗せるなど他会派を圧倒したため、最大会派の地位を保つ事になった。
• The alloted number of seats for viscount councillors was 70 then, but Kenkyukai won 45 seats in the first election in 1897, and in 1911, they won another 66 seats and the total number of their seats topped 100, which overwhelmed the other factions and made them secure the position as the biggest faction.

• また、終戦後10日目の1945年（昭和20）8月25日には、市川房枝らによる「戦後対策婦人委員会」が結成され、衆議院議員選挙法の改正や治安警察法廃止等を求めた五項目の決議を、政府及び主要政党に提出する。
• On August 25, 1945, ten days after the war ended, Fusae ICHIKAWA and her allies organized the 'Women's Committee on Postwar Policy' and submitted a resolution to the government and the major political parties which consisted of five demands, including the revision of the electoral law for House of Representatives members and the abolition of the Security Police Law.

• ただし、皇族が政争に巻き込まれることは好ましくないという考えから、皇族は議会で催される式典などに参列することはあっても、議員として日常的に議会内に立ち入ることは無く、登院は帝国議会史上、極めて稀であった。
• To avoid having imperial family members involved in political conflict, although they participated in ceremonies, they did not routinely attend the Diet and their appearance in the Diet was extremely rare in the history of the Imperial Diet.

• 近年の京都府出身の有力国会議員では、野中広務（旧園部町出身）や前原誠司（京都市出身）などがおり、党派では、野中は利益分配路線で「旧来の地域ボス型」、前原は新自由主義路線で「新来の若手ネオコン型」に当たる。
• Recently, Hiromu NONAKA (from former Sonobe-cho) and Seiji MAEHARA (from Kyoto City) are influential diet members from Kyoto Prefecture, politically with NONAKA being a politician of 'the conventional local boss type' using profits-distributing policies and MAEHARA being a politician of 'the new young neo-conservatism type' using policies based on neoliberalism.

• 邦英王は、1930年（昭和5年）5月に成年となり、貴族院皇族議員となったが、東伏見宮家の祭祀を継承するため、1931年（昭和6年）4月に願いにより「東伏見」の家名を賜い、華族に列せられ、伯爵を授けられた。
• Prince Kunihide reached adulthood in May 1930 to be an Imperial representative of the House of Peers, but, to take over religious services of the Higashifushiminomiya family, he asked for and received a family name of 'Higashifushimi' in April 1931 to become a peer with a countship.

• 設立時は、伯子男爵議員の定数は、各爵位を有する者の総数の5分の1を超えない範囲とされた（第1回帝国議会において伯爵14名、子爵70名、男爵20名、第21回帝国議会において伯爵17名、子爵70名、男爵56名）。
• When the rules were established, the numbers of the count, viscount and baron councilors were not to exceed one fifth of the total numbers of the men with that rank (At the first Imperial Diet, there were 14 counts, 70 viscounts and 20 barons; at the twenty-first Imperial Diet, there were 17 counts, 70 viscounts and 56 barons.)

• 大正4年（1915年）の第12回衆議院議員総選挙で大隈信常（大隈重信養子）に敗れて落選した竹越は本野一郎らと「日本経済史編纂会」を結成し、大正8年（1919年）から翌年にかけて『日本経済史』全8巻を刊行した。
• Takekoshi, who lost to Nobutsune OKUMA (Shigenobu OKUMA's adopted son) and was defeated in the 12th general election of members of the House of Representatives held in 1915, set up 'Nihon Keizaishi Hensankai' (Compilation committee of Japanese history of economics), and from 1919 to the following year, he published 'Nihonkeizai-shi' (Japanese history of economics) consisting of eight volumes.

• 絶版となった理由は、その著書の内容に憤激した徳川氏一族や旧徳川氏の幕臣が、民友社に圧力をかけたためという説や、徳富蘇峰が貴族院議員就任を目指しており、貴族院に多数存在する徳川家関係者に遠慮したためとも言われる。
• It is said that the book went out of print because the TOKUGAWA family and followers of Shogun were so outraged at the contents of the book that they threatened the publisher, Minyu Company, and its manager, Soho TOKUTOMI, who ultimately succumbed to the pressure because he wanted to become a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers).

• 肩書として位階と勲等を用いる場合、古くからの儀典の慣例として、「正三位勲一等日本太郎」のように勲章を省くのが正式とされ、たとえば国会議員が死亡した場合の国会での弔詞でもそのような勲章省略の肩書で故人を呼称した。
• According to the traditional protocol, the court rank and the medal for merit were formally put as the title without the decorations like 'Senior Third Rank, the First Order of Merit, Taro NIPPON,' which was seen as an example in the message of condolence for a member of the Diet read in the Diet.

• 幕末から明治には、天皇陵の治定をきっかけに在野からも聖蹟顕彰の機運が高まり、1888年（明治21年）2月に奈良県県会議員の西内成郷が内務大臣 (日本)山縣有朋に対し、宮跡保存を建言した（当初の目的は建碑のみ）。
• From the end of Edo period to the Meiji Period, authorization of the Imperial mausoleum led to stimulate momentum among common people to make known the holy place with historic associations to the public; and in February, 1888, Narisato NISHIUCHI, a member of Nara Prefectural Assembly presented a proposal to Minister of Home Affairs, Aritomo YAMAGATA about preservation of remains of the Imperial Palace (initially only to preserve monuments).

• 加藤内閣は陸軍4個師団の廃止や予算一億円の削減、有爵議員のうち、伯・子・男の数を150名に減らすなどの貴族院改革、幣原喜重郎の幣原外交によるソビエト連邦との国交樹立、普通選挙法の制定など、多くの改革が行なわれた。
• The KATO cabinet embarked on a wide range of reforms that included; the elimination of four army divisions and thereby the cut in the military budget by 100 million yen, the House of Peers reform involving the reduction of the count, viscount and baron members, among titled members, to 150, the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union based on the so-called Shidehara diplomacy by Kijuro SHIDEHARA, the enactment of the Universal Manhood Suffrage Law.

• ところが贈賄側に内部対立がおき、1908年（明治41年）4月11日に秋山一裕が検事官舎を訪れ、日本製糖が帳簿操作で不正金を捻出して衆議院議員を買収し、その資金出所を隠蔽した事実を自供した事から世間に明るみに出た。
• However, an internal conflict rose among bribers, and Kazuhiro AKIYAMA visited a prosecutor at the government quarters on April 11, 1908 to confess the fact that Nihon Seito made an illicit fund by a bookkeeping maneuver to bribe the members of the House of Representatives and hid the sources of the fund, a result of which the scandal was brought to light.

• 小声でカニンガム氏はカーナン氏の注意を、やや遠く離れて座った金貸しのハーフォード氏に、そして説教壇のすぐ下、最近この選挙区で選ばれた議員の一人のそばに座っている市の登記事務官で市長メーカーのファニング氏に向けさせた。
• In a whisper, Mr. Cunningham drew Mr. Kernan's attention to Mr. Harford, the moneylender, who sat some distance off, and to Mr. Fanning, the registration agent and mayor maker of the city, who was sitting immediately under the pulpit beside one of the newly elected councillors of the ward.

• 想像しうるかぎり原種とは似ても似つかない背中がまっすぐで頭が小さく胴の大きな牡牛が、６品種もの羊や、イノシシとは市会議員とオランウータンほども異なってしまった肥満した信じられないような豚の群と、注目と賞賛を競っています。
• Straight-backed, small-headed, big-barrelled oxen, as dissimilar from any wild species as can well be imagined, contended for attention and praise with sheep of half-a-dozen different breeds and styes of bloated preposterous pigs, no more like a wild boar or sow than a city alderman is like an ourang-outang.

• 設立経緯により東京府を中心とした都市部で活動し、地租軽減は訴えても営業税などの商工業者への課税の軽減には積極的とは言えなかった民党に代わる受け皿としての期待から、同年の第4回衆議院議員総選挙では須藤・田口ら4名が当選した。
• Teikokuzaiseikakushin kai operated in urban areas around Tokyo Prefecture due to its reason for establishment, and its four candidates including SUDO and TAGUCHI were elected in the fourth general election of members of the House of Representatives in 1894 in the hopes of changing from Minto (general term of the political parties such as Liberal Party, Progressive Party and so on which conflicted with a domain government when the Imperial Diet was inaugurated) that was reluctant to reduce business taxes of commercial and industrial men while asserting a reduction in land taxes.

• 下院議員及び直接税は、この連邦に加入する各州の人口に比例して、各州の間で配分される。各州の人口は、年期契約奉公人を含み課税されないインディアンを除外した自由人の総数に、自由人以外のすべての人数の5分の3を加えたものとする。
• Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.

• 大統領及び副大統領の任期は、もし本修正箇条が承認されていなかった場合の任期が終了する年の1月20日の正午に終了し、上下両院議員の任期はそれぞれの任期が終わる年の1月3日の正午に終了する。その後任者の任期はその時に開始する。
• The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.

• 特に単独の代表者は置かれず、「特務委員」後に「常務委員」と呼ばれる複数の議員による合議制（1916年の研究会規則では9名の常務委員を設置）であったが、次第に山縣有朋の側近である清浦奎吾が同会の指導者として浮上してくる事になる。
• The faction had no specific single representative but adopted council system (nine standing committees were to be appointed according to Kenkyukai regulations in 1916) organized with multiple members called 'Tokumuin' (special committees) or later called 'Jomuin' (standing committees), but later, Keigo KIYOURA, a aide to Aritomo YAMAGATA, gradually became influential as a leader of Kenkyukai.

• この年の『東京日日新聞』に「民党壮士が目指すものは独り井上に止まらず、温派議員の錚々たる者には総て乱暴を仕掛くべしとの模様も見ゆれば、今程は何れにても如何なる騒動の起り居るならんも知らずと云々」と過激な壮士の発言が掲載された。
• That same year, the following statement by a radical political activist appeared in the 'Tokyo Nichinichi Shinbun' (the 'Tokyo Daily Newspaper'): 'if you see the emerging pattern, that the target of the parties' pro-democracy political activists must not be limited to Inoue, and the current situation demands that all the mayor conservatives in the Diet deserve violent treatment, you should perceive that riot and strife of any imaginable scale could occur at any moment, and so on.'

• この憲法の改正は、各議院の総議員の三分の二以上の賛成で、国会が、これを発議し、国民に提案してその承認を経なければならない。この承認には、特別の国民投票又は国会の定める選挙の際行はれる投票において、その過半数の賛成を必要とする。
• Amendments to this Constitution shall be initiated by the Diet, through a concurring vote of two-thirds or more of all the members of each House and shall thereupon be submitted to the people for ratification, which shall require the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast thereon, at a special referendum or at such election as the Diet shall specify.

• また安西直之の妹公子を娶ったのが、住友銀行相談役堀田庄三の長男健介（住友銀行）であるから、岡橋林の跡を継いだ住友家評議員会の前委員長であった堀田庄三は、住友家の相談役、総理事格から、さらに踏み込んで、住友家と閨閥でつながった。
• Moreover, because the person who married Naoyuki ANZAI's younger sister Kimiko was Kensuke HOTTA (Sumitomo Bank), the first son of Shozo HOTTA, who was Sodanyaku of Sumitomo Bank, Shozo HOTTA, who was the former Iincho of the Sumitomo family council after Shigeru OKAHASHI became related by Keibatsu, there was a Keibatsu blood connection to the Sumitomo Family through the Sodanyaku of Sumitomo Bank, at the soriji rank.

• この憲法の改正は、各議院の總議員の三分の二以上の贊成で、國會が、これを發議し、國民に提案してその承認を經なければならない。この承認には、特別の國民投票又は國會の定める選擧の際行はれる投票において、その過半數の贊成を必要とする。
• Amendments to this Constitution shall be initiated by the Diet, through a concurring vote of two-thirds or more of all the members of each House and shall thereupon be submitted to the people for ratification, which shall require the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast thereon, at a special referendum or at such election as the Diet shall specify.

• 翌1891年2月20日に、長谷川泰衆議院議員（日本医科大学の前身である済生学舎を1876年設立）が帝国大学新設案を議会に提示し、1892年の第4帝国議会にも「関西ニ帝国大学ヲ新設スル建議案」を提出したが、設立には至らなかった。
• On February 20 in the following year, 1891, Tai HASEGAWA, a member of House of Representatives (who established Saiseigakusha which was the former Nippon Medical School in 1876) submitted a draft of establishment of a new imperial university, and submitted a 'proposal of establishing a new imperial university in Kansai' to the fourth Imperial Diet in 1892, but it was not established.

• 昭和に入って数年は立憲民政党と交替で政権をになったが、1932年（昭和7年）、五・一五事件で犬養毅が暗殺されてからは軍部に圧迫されて衰退し、1936年の第19回衆議院議員総選挙では総裁の鈴木喜三郎が落選するなどの大惨敗を喫した。
• Although the Seiyu Party took charge of the government alternately with Rikken Minsei-to political party for the first several years of the Showa period, after Tsuyoshi INUKAI was assassinated in May 15th Incident in 1932, it was oppressed by the military and declined; the Seiyu Party suffered a devastating defeat in the 19th general election of members of the House of Representatives in 1936 including the president Kisaburo SUZUKI's failure.

• 慶喜としては、まだ年若い明治天皇（当時数え年16歳）を戴く朝廷に政権担当能力はなく、やがて組織されるであろう諸侯会議で自らが議長もしくは有力議員となるなどの手段で、政治的影響力を行使できるはずという目論見の上での政権返上であった。
• Nobuyoshi had an ulterior motive that, even after he returned the administration to the Imperial court, he should be able to exercise his political clout as the chairman or as a powerful councilor of the lords conference which was to be organized later, because the Emperor Meiji was too young (in his 16th year) to have the ability to hold the reins of government, so was the Imperial court.

• 1911年（明治44年）2月、小田貫一衆議院議員「国家神道ト云フモノハ明カニ分ツテ居タ」「神社局ニ於テハ国家神道ナルモノヲ扱ヒ、宗教局ニ於テハ耶蘇、仏法及神道ノ各派ニ属スルトコロノ、即チ宗教神道ヲ支配スル」（帝国議会における発言）
• In February 1911, House of Representatives member Kanichi ODA said in a speech to the Imperial Diet, 'It was clearly understood what was meant by State Shinto...the Bureau of Shinto Shrines treats State Shinto and the Bureau of Religions manages Christianity, Buddhism and the various sects of Shinto, that is, religious Shinto.'

• また1934年（昭和9年）には、斎藤内閣の商工大臣であった中島久万吉が雑誌「現代」2月号に転載された足利尊氏と足利時代（室町時代）を再評価すべきという感想を述べたことに対して、菊池議員と共に中島大臣を攻撃し辞職させたことでも知られる。
• It was well-known that, in 1934, Kumakichi NAKAJIMA, the Minister of Commerce and Industry in the Sato Cabinet, stated in his article reprinted in the February issue of the monthly magazine 'Gendai' (Modern times) that Takauji ASHIKAGA and the Ashikaga era (i.e., the Muromachi period) should be transvalued; and Yukimitsu, together with Takeo KIKUCHI, censured Kumakichi NAKAJIMA and forced him to resign.

• 新平の長男は早世したが次男の新作は佐賀県選出の衆議院議員となり犬養毅の側近として活躍、アジア主義団体である東亜会 (アジア主義団体)およびその後身たる東亜同文会の結成に参加したほか、新平の遺稿を整理・編纂し『南白遺稿』として刊行した。
• Shinpei's eldest son died at a young age but his second son Shinsaku was a member of parliament for Saga Prefecture, worked actively as a close associate of Tsuyoshi INUKAI and participated in the pan-Asianist Toa-kai group and its successor the Toa Dobun kai (East Asian Common Culture Society) as well as organizing and compiling Shinpei's writings and publishing them as 'Nanpaku Iko.'

• その後、帝国議会の開始とともに小会派や無所属議員を取り込みながら、木曜会（1891年1月9日、なお毎週木曜日に霞会館において会合が開かれていた事に由来する）、同志会（同3月12日）と改称を続け、1891年11月4日に約40名で発足した。
• Lter, as the Imperial Diet began, Seimukenkyukai won over small groups and independent members and changed its name to Mokuyokai (on January 9, 1891, the name came from the fact that the meeting was held every Thursday (Mokuyo) at Kasumi Building) and from Mokuyokai to Doshikai (on March 12, 1891), and Kenkyukai was founded with 40 members on November 4, 1891.

• 商品市場における取引等（商品清算取引を除く。）の委託を受けること又は商品市場における取引を業として営む企業の役員、顧問若しくは評議員となり、直接間接に当該企業の経営に参加し、当該企業から反対給付を受け、又は当該企業に投資していないこと。
• the committee member shall not be an officer, advisor, or councilor of any enterprise which is, in the course of trade, engaged in accepting the consignment of transactions, etc. on the Commodity Market (excluding Commodity Clearing Transactions) or carrying out transactions on the Commodity Market, nor join directly or indirectly in the management of said enterprise, nor receive any compensation for performance from said enterprise, nor hold an investment in said enterprise.
• the committee member shall not be an officer, advisor, or councilor of any enterprise, in the course of trade, engaged in accepting the consignment of transactions, etc., on the Commodity Market (excluding Commodity Clearing Transactions) or carrying out transactions on the Commodity Market, nor joining directly or indirectly in the management of said enterprise, nor receiving any compensation for performance from said enterprise, nor investing in said enterprise.

• この桂内閣に対し国民は怒り、また衆議院議員の尾崎行雄や犬養毅らは藩閥政治であるとして桂内閣を批判し、「閥族打破・憲政擁護」を掲げた第一次護憲運動が展開され第三次桂太郎内閣は組閣してからわずか53日で内閣総辞職に追い込まれた（大正政変）。
• The Katsura cabinet angered the Japanese people and drew criticism of oligarchic rule by Yukio OZAKI and Tsuyoshi INUKAI of the Lower House of the Imperial Diet, spurring the first Movement to Protect Constitutional Government aimed at 'doing away with the oligarchy and protecting constitutional rule' and ending with mass resignation of the cabinet after only 53 days (Taisho Political Crisis).

• またその前に大阪貯蓄銀行副頭取、明治25年に衆議院議員、明治31年、浪速銀行頭取、大阪舎密工業社長、明治32年に阪神電気鉄道社長に就任したのをはじめ数多くの関西の会社設立に尽力し、大阪銀行集会所委員長として関西財界の指導者として活躍した。
• He was dedicated to establishing many companies in Kansai region by assuming the vice-president of Osaka Chochiku Bank before that, the member of House of Representatives in 1892, the president of Naniwa Bank and the president of Osaka Seimikogyo in 1898, the president of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. in 1899 and more, and was active in leading the financial world in Kansai region as the chairman of the committee of Osaka Bank.

• その後、明治22年（1889年）の大日本帝国憲法公布にともない、衆議院議員選挙法が公布され、直接国税15円以上を納税した25歳以上の男子のみ（当時の全人口の1.1%）に選挙権を与えた制限選挙を実施し、に最初の帝国議会（第一議会）が開会された。
• Afterwards, in conjunction with proclamation of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan in 1889, the Election Law of the Member of the House of Representatives was issued thereby implementing a limited election allowing male subjects who paid 15 yen or more directly in general tax and who were over 25 of age (that accounted for approximately 1.1% of the total population of Japan at the time) to vote and, on November 25, 1890, the inaugural Imperial Diet (the first parliamentary session) convened.

• 政友会がこの問題を持ち出したのはその年に行われた第17回衆議院議員総選挙で大敗したことに加えて、田中義一前総裁（元陸軍大臣・総理大臣）の総裁時代以来、在郷軍人会が政友会の有力支持団体化したことに伴う「政友会の親軍化」現象の一環とも言われている。
• The reason why the Seiyukai (Rikken seiyukai) rose this matter was that they lost the 17th general election of members of the House of Representatives held that year, and in addition to that, since the period of the former Prime Minister Giichi TANAKA (former Minister of Army, Prime Minister), an association of reservists became the influential support group of Seiyukai which led to the phenomenon of 'pro-militarization of Seiyukai'.

• 1947年（昭和22年）3月、最後の帝国議会終了時における各会派の所属者数は次のとおり：研究会142、公正会64、交友倶楽部41、同成会33、火曜会32、同和会30、無所属倶楽部22、無所属8計373名（ただし4月に交友倶楽部所属議員1名が死去）
• In March 1947 when the last session of Imperial Diet was finished, the numbers of councilors of each group were: 142 Kenkyukai, 64 Koseikai, 41 Koyukurabu, 33 Doseikai, 32 Kayokai, 30 Dowakai, 22 Mushozokukurabu, 8 independent - a total of 373 (but one of the Koyukaikurabu member died in April).

• この事件をきっかけに蓑田胸喜ら原理日本社の右翼、および菊池武夫 (陸軍軍人)（貴族院 (日本)）や宮澤裕（衆議院・立憲政友会所属）らの国会議員は、司法官赤化の元凶として帝国大学法学部の「赤化教授」の追放を主張、司法試験委員であった滝川を非難した。
• Due to this incident, Muneki MINODA and others from the right wing group, Genri Nihonsha, Takeo KIKUCHI (army veteran) (House of Peers (Japan)), Yu MIYAZAWA (House of Representatives, affiliated with Rikken Seiyukai) and other Diet members proposed the exile of 'Red (communist) Professors' in the Faculty of Law in imperial universities as the cause of communist judges and accused Takigawa, who was a member of the bar test board.

• また、この分裂の際に正統派・革新派のどちらにも与しなかった金光庸夫・犬養健・太田正孝らは「中立派」（金光派ともいう）となり、翌1940年に発生した民政党の斎藤隆夫除名問題で除名を支持して正統派内で孤立した議員が中立派に加わって「統一派」と名乗った。
• Also, Tsuneo KANEMITSU, Takeru INUKAI, and Masataka OTA did not belong to either the orthodoxy faction or the reformists when the party split and they became 'the neutral faction' (also referred to as Kanemitsu faction) and in the following year, that is in 1940, councilors of orthodoxy faction who supported expulsion of Saito concerning the issue of the expulsion of Takao SAITO of Minsei Party (civil administration party) from the House of Representatives became isolated in the faction and joined the neutral faction, and then the neutral faction renamed their faction 'the unificationists.'

• 大学頭東坊城任長の子、位階勲等子爵、貴族院議員東坊城徳長は、20歳にして製作会社「入江ぷろだくしょん」を設立した戦前の映画女優入江たか子（出生名東坊城英子、長女）、戦前の日活撮影所等で活躍した映画俳優・脚本家・映画監督の東坊城恭長（三男）兄妹の父、
• Yoshinaga HIGASHIBOJO, a son of Tadanaga HIGASHIBOJO who was the Director of the Bureau of Education, a Viscount, and a member of the House of Lords, had a daughter, Takako IRIE (born Hideko HIGASHIBOJO, the eldest daughter) who was a prewar movie actress establishing a production company 'Irie Production' at the age of 20, and a son, Yasunaga HIGASHIBOJO (the third son) who was a movie actor, a scriptwriter, and a movie director working actively for the Nikkatsu Studio in the prewar period.

• 前項の規定にかかわらず、公益法人は、役員等名簿又は社員名簿について当該公益法人の社員又は評議員以外の者から同項の請求があった場合には、これらに記載され又は記録された事項中、個人の住所に係る記載又は記録の部分を除外して、同項の閲覧をさせることができる。
• Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in the event that a demand under said paragraph is made with regard to a name list of officers or a name list of members by persons other than members or councillors of the public interest corporations, such public interest corporations may permit the inspection under said paragraph while excluding the part of the description or the record pertaining to the addresses of individuals in the matters described or recorded in such name lists.

• 1889年（明治22年）に首相秘書官、1890年（明治23年）貴族院議員に勅選され、1892年（明治25年）第2次伊藤内閣の内閣書記官長、枢密院 (日本)書記官長、1898年（明治31年）第3次伊藤内閣の農商務大臣等の要職を務め、政党工作に力を振るった。
• He was assigned, on Imperial orders, as secretary to the prime minister in 1889 and as member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) in 1890; he also served in important posts including head secretary of the Second Ito Cabinet and head secretary of the Privy Council in 1892, and the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce in 1898 as he was active in political operations.

• 公務員又は公務員であった者を証人として職務上の秘密について尋問する場合には、裁判所は、当該監督官庁（衆議院若しくは参議院の議員又はその職にあった者についてはその院、内閣総理大臣その他の国務大臣又はその職にあった者については内閣）の承認を得なければならない。
• When examining, as a witness, a public officer or a person who was a public officer with regard to any secrets in relation to his/her duties, the court shall obtain approval of the supervisory government agency concerned (in the case of a member of the House of Representatives or House of Councillors or a person who held such post, the respective House; in the case of the Prime Minister or any other Minister of State or a person who held such post, the Cabinet).

• 同年末に名古屋商業会議所の建議により大阪府知事、国会議員等の調停がなされ和解が成立したものの、翌年10月になって関西鉄道側が一方的に協定を破棄する形で競争が再開され、同鉄道は片道運賃を1円10銭・往復運賃を1円20銭とし、弁当などもサービスする有様となった。
• Although both parties were reconciled after the adjustment by the Governor of Osaka Prefecture and the members of the Diet, which was suggested by the Nagoya Chamber of Commerce at the end of the same year, in October of the followng year, the competition started again after the Kansai Railway Company breached the arrangement, given that the same railway had set the single fare for one yen and 10 sen, return fare for one yen and 20 sen and started giving out free lunch boxes.

• ついで諮詢を受けた皇族会議でも一部の皇族たちの反発が予想されたため、政府側は、皇族会議の議員は「自己の利害に関する議事」では採決に参加できないという皇族会議令第9条の規定を利用して採決を行わずに議長（当時は伏見宮貞愛親王）の判断のみで皇族会議を通過させている。
• Next, in the consultation of the Imperial meeting, it was expected that some Imperial members would be against the regulation, the government took advantage of Imperial Meeting regulations, which stated that members of the Imperial meeting are not allowed to vote in terms of 'proceedings related to their own benefit,' and the chairman (Fushiminomiya Imperial Prince Sadanaru at that time) let the proceedings pass through the Imperial meeting without taking vote.

• 鉄道国有化や第3次日韓協約・日露協約・日仏協約の締結など、山縣有朋ら元老や桂の意に沿った政策を遂行する一方で、山縣の支持基盤である内務省 (日本)改革のために郡制の廃止を計画して失敗したり、貴族院議員の入閣を実現させるなど、政党政治実現に向けた努力は続けられた。
• While the cabinet pursued the policy complying with Genro like Aritomo YAMAGATA and Katsura, such as making The Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty, Russo-Japanese Agreement and French-Japanese Agreement, it continued to make efforts in order to realize party politics; in order to reform Ministry of Home Affairs, which was the power base for Yamagata, the cabinet tried to abolish the County system, only to fail; the cabinet succeeded in taking members of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) into the Cabinet.

• パウロは、議員の一部がサドカイ人であり、一部はパリサイ人であるのを見て、議会の中で声を高めて言った、「兄弟たちよ、わたしはパリサイ人であり、パリサイ人の子である。わたしは、死人の復活の望みをいだいていることで、裁判を受けているのである」。 (使徒行伝 23:6)
• But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, 'Men and brothers, I am a Pharisee, a son of Pharisees. Concerning the hope and resurrection of the dead I am being judged!' (Acts 23:6)

• この5年間有効の法律を更に1911年（明治44年）まで延長するために改正法案が提出され両院を通過したが、この法律を成立させるために、日本製糖社取締役秋山一裕、磯村音介などが自社の権益を守るために共謀し、有力衆議院議員20名に現金その他を渡して贈賄し買収したものである。
• While the proposed measure of a revised law aiming at further extending this law for five years up to 1911 was introduced and passed in both Houses, the board members of Nihon Seito, such as Kazuhiro AKIYAMA and Otosuke ISOMURA, conspired to bribe 20 influential members of the House of Representatives to enact the legislation in order to protect their own company's interests.

• 単位労働組合にあつては、その役員は、組合員の直接無記名投票により選挙されること、及び連合団体である労働組合又は全国的規模をもつ労働組合にあつては、その役員は、単位労働組合の組合員又はその組合員の直接無記名投票により選挙された代議員の直接無記名投票により選挙されること。
• in the case of a local union, that the officers shall be elected by direct secret vote of the union members, and, in the case of a federation or a labor union having national scope, that the officers shall be elected by direct secret vote either of the members of the local unions or of delegates elected by direct secret vote of the members of the local unions;

• 第1回衆議院議員総選挙で合計すると、衆議院の過半数を制した自由党（当時は分裂状態にあり、大同団結運動を経て再統合される）や立憲改進党などの民権派各党は、世論の意思は自分たちにあると捉え、自分達を弾圧してきた藩閥政府やその同調者と見られた保守系政党（大成会など）との対決姿勢を強めた。
• Winning majority in the first general election of the members of the House of Representatives in 1890, the parties demanding the democratic rights such as the Liberal Party (it was split then and reunited through the Great Merger Movement) and the Constitutional Progressive Party and etc. thought that the public was on their side and strengthened the attitude toward the han-dominated government (the members of former Choshu and Satsuma domains who played major part in the Meiji Restoration and had power after the restoration) which suppressed them and toward other conservative parties (the Taiseikai Group and so on) regarded as the followers of the government.

• のちに議員はその文言に気づき、無所属68名の代表として臼井哲夫、帝国党18名の代表として佐々友房、中正党33名の代表として桑原政、交友倶楽部25名の代表として内山敬三郎が、議院事務室につめかけ、書記官長の措置は注意を欠く旨をのべ、議長に奉答文の再議を迫ったが、いずれも応じなかった。
• Later, the members realized the wording, and Tetsuo USUI as a representative of 68 independents, Tomofusa SASA as a representative of 18 Imperial Party members, Tadasu KUWABARA as a representative of 33 Chusei-to Party members, Keizaburo UCHIYAMA as a representative of 25 Koyu Club members packed into the office of the House of representatives, and they claimed that the secretary's action was careless, and pressed the chairman for conferring it again, but both didn't respond.

• まず林田書記官について議院の先例をただし、法規の解釈上許す範囲の道を求めて決心するところがあり、先例である書記官長起草の原案、議員から成立した奉答文、起草委員の起草文は単に議長の参考にとどまるものと解釈し、自分が起草した上記一通を懐中し議場に臨み、これを朗読し、議場の賛同を求めたのである。
• He first asked the secretary HAYASHIDA about the precedent of the House, then he made up his mind to seek for the way as long as an interpretation of the law allowed and he interpreted that drafts written by the chief secretary as precedent, Hotobun formed by the members of the House, and drafts by draft committee only remained as a reference for the chairman, so he took the approach with his draft which was mentioned above in his pocket, read this and asked for approval in the House.

• 大日本帝国憲法、衆議院議員選挙法が公布された翌日（1889年（明治22年）2月12日）、黒田は鹿鳴館で開催された午餐会の席上において「超然主義演説」を行って政党との徹底対決の姿勢を示したが、その一方で立憲改進党前総裁（実質は党首）で外務大臣 (日本)の大隈重信を留任させて条約改正の任にあたらせた。
• The day after the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and the election law of the members of the House of Representatives were issued (February 12, 1889), KURODA made the speech called 'speech of the doctrine of superiority' in order to show his attitude to cope with the political parties to the bottom in the luncheon held at Rokumeikan, and on the other hand, he had Shigenobu OKUMA, who was also the former president of the Constitutional Progressive Party, stay in the position of Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan) to assign the mission to revise the treaty.

• やがて、1924年に成立した清浦内閣は研究会を中心とした総理大臣（前枢密院議長）と外務大臣（外交官）・陸海軍大臣（共に現役武官）以外を全て貴族院議員が占めるという文字通りの超然内閣を樹立させた（ただし、この内閣が間近に控えた総選挙の実施のための選挙管理内閣としての側面があった事に留意する必要がある）。
• Then, the Kiyoura administration established in 1924, formed a transcendentalist administration in which the Kizokuin members occupied the government except for the Prime Minister (former chairman of the Privy Council), the Minister of Foreign Affairs (diplomat), the Minister of the Army, and the Minister of the Navy (military officers at that time) (It should be noted that the lower-house general election was close and the government was therefore also acting as an election administrator).

• この憲法施行の際現に在職する国務大臣、衆議院議員及び裁判官並びにその他の公務員で、その地位に相応する地位がこの憲法で認められてゐる者は、法律で特別の定をした場合を除いては、この憲法施行のため、当然にはその地位を失ふことはない。但し、この憲法によつて、後任者が選挙又は任命されたときは、当然その地位を失ふ。
• The Ministers of State, members of the House of Representatives, and judges in office on the effective date of this Constitution, and all other public officials, who occupy positions corresponding to such positions as are recognized by this Constitution shall not forfeit their positions automatically on account of the enforcement of this Constitution unless otherwise specified by law. When, however, successors are elected or appointed under the provisions of this Constitution they shall forfeit their positions as a matter of course.

• この憲法施行の際現に在職する國務大臣、衆議院議員及び裁判官竝びにその他の公務員で、その地位に相應する地位がこの憲法で認められてゐる者は、法律で特別の定をした場合を除いては、この憲法施行のため、當然にはその地位を失ふことはない。但し、この憲法によつて、後任者が選擧又は任命されたときは、當然その地位を失ふ。
• The Ministers of State, members of the House of Representatives and judges in office on the effective date of this Constitution, and all other public officials who occupy positions corresponding to such positions as are recognized by this Constitution shall not forfeit their positions automatically on account of the enforcement of this Constitution unless otherwise specified by law. When, however, successors are elected or appointed under the provisions of this Constitution, they shall forfeit their positions as a matter of course.

• 単位労働組合にあつては、その規約は、組合員の直接無記名投票による過半数の支持を得なければ改正しないこと、及び連合団体である労働組合又は全国的規模をもつ労働組合にあつては、その規約は、単位労働組合の組合員又はその組合員の直接無記名投票により選挙された代議員の直接無記名投票による過半数の支持を得なければ改正しないこと。
• in the case of local union, that the constitution shall not be revised unless such revision has received majority support by direct secret vote of the union members, and, in the case of a labor union which is a federation or a labor union which has national scope, the constitution shall not be revised unless such revision has received majority support by direct secret vote either of the members of the local unions or of the delegates elected by direct secret vote of the members of the local unions.

• その理事、監事及び評議員に対する報酬等（報酬、賞与その他の職務遂行の対価として受ける財産上の利益及び退職手当をいう。以下同じ。）について、内閣府令で定めるところにより、民間事業者の役員の報酬等及び従業員の給与、当該法人の経理の状況その他の事情を考慮して、不当に高額なものとならないような支給の基準を定めているものであること。
• With respect to remuneration, etc. paid to its directors, auditors and councillors (which means remuneration, bonus or other property benefit paid as the consideration for the execution of their duties and the retirement allowance: the same shall apply hereinafter), it has standards for payment, as specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance, so that the amount of payment is not unsuitably high in view of the remuneration, etc. for directors and officers of business operators in the private sector, salary of employees, accounting situation of the juridical person in question or other circumstances.

• 自由民権運動は政府の弾圧によって衰微し、自由党_(明治)は解党、立憲改進党も休止状態にあったが、1887年にいわゆる三大事件建白運動が発生すると、かつての自由党の領袖である後藤象二郎は自由民権運動各派が再結集して来るべき第1回衆議院議員総選挙に臨み、帝国議会に議会政治の打ち立てて条約改正や地租・財政問題という難題にあたるべきだと唱え、3月に旧自由党・立憲改進党の主だった人々に呼びかけたのがきっかけである。
• The Freedom and People's Rights Movement once declined because of the government's oppression, which led Liberal Party (Meiji Period) to dissolve and the Constitutional Progressive Party to halt its activities, but in 1887, when so called the petition movement of three major events happened, Shojiro GOTO, a leader of former Liberal Party, advocated the reunion of factions of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement to prepare for upcoming of the first House of Representatives election and he called for the establishment of parliamentary government within the Imperial Diet to deal with difficult problems such as treaty revision, a land tax, and financial affairs; in March of the same year, he got principal members of former Liberal Party and the Constitutional Progressive Party to participate, which triggered the movement to unite for a common purpose.

• 国は、産業技術力の強化を図るため、国の試験研究機関の研究者がその研究成果を活用する事業を実施する営利を目的とする私企業を営むことを目的とする会社その他の団体（次項において「研究成果利用会社等」という。）の役員、顧問若しくは評議員の職を兼ねることが当該研究成果の事業者への移転の促進にとって重要な意義を有することに配慮しつつ、当該研究成果を活用する事業を実施する事業者に対する支援に必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
• In order to enhance Industrial Technology Capability, the national government, shall endeavor to take necessary measures to provide support to the business operators who will implement businesses that utilize said research results, taking into account the fact that it has an important meaning in the promotion of transfers of said research results to business operators, for researchers at national Research and Development Institutes to jointly hold positions as officers, advisors or councilors in companies and other organizations whose purpose is to conduct for-profit private enterprise to implement businesses utilizing the results of that research (referred to in the next paragraph as 'Research Results Utilizing Companies, etc.').

• 地方公共団体は、産業技術力の強化を図るため、公立大学等（学校教育法第一条に規定する大学及び高等専門学校であって地方公共団体が設置するものをいう。）及び地方公共団体の試験研究機関の研究者が研究成果利用会社等の役員、顧問若しくは評議員の職を兼ねることが当該研究成果の事業者への移転の促進にとって重要な意義を有することに配慮しつつ、当該研究成果を活用する事業を実施する事業者に対する支援に必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
• In order to enhance Industrial Technology Capability, local governments shall endeavor to take necessary measures to provide support to the business operators who will implement businesses that utilize said research results, taking into account the fact that it has an important meaning in the promotion of transfers of said research results to business operators, for researchers at universities, etc. (meaning entities that are universities or national colleges of technology as prescribed in Article 1 of the School Education Act and are established by local governments) and Research and Development Institute of local governments to jointly hold positions as officers, advisors or councilors of Research Results Utilizing Companies, etc.

• 副大統領として最多得票をした者を、副大統領とする。ただし、その数は任命された選挙人総数の過半数でなければならない。もし何人も上記の過半数を得なかったときは、右の表のうち、2名の最高得票者の中から、上院が副大統領を選任しなければならない。この目的のための定足数は、上院議員の総数の3分の2とし、また選任のためには総数の過半数が必要である。しかし何人といえども、憲法上大統領職に就く資格のない者は、合衆国副大統領の職に就くことができない。
• The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.

• 合衆国政府の所在地を構成する地区は、連邦議会の定める方法により、もし同地区が州であると仮定すれば連邦議会に送ることのできる上院及び下院の議員総数と等しい数の選挙人を選任する。ただし、その数は、いかなる場合にも、人口の最も少ない州の選任する選挙人の数を超えてはならない。同地区任命の選挙人は、各州任命の選挙人に加えられ、大統領及び副大統領の選挙の目的のためには、各州選任の選挙人とみなされ、同地区に会合して、修正第12条の規定する義務を履行するものとする。
• The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct: A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.

• 大統領は、上院の助言と同意を得て、条約を締結する権限を有する。ただし、この場合には、上院の出席議員の3分の2の賛同が必要である。また大統領は、大使、その他の外交使節及び領事、最高裁判所判事、並びに本憲法にその任命に関する特別の規定がなく、また法律によって設置される他のすべての合衆国公務員を指名し、上院の助言と同意を得て、これを任命する。ただし、連邦議会は、その適当と認める下級公務員の任命権を、法律によって、大統領のみに、司法裁判所に、又は各省の長官に与えることができる。
• He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.

• 翌年、教学面での協力を京都帝国大学教授だった織田萬、井上密、岡松参太郎らから得るとともに、学校設立事務については、西田由（朝日生命株式会社 専務取締役）、橋本篤（大同生命保険株式会社 初代支配人）、山下好直（京都府議会議員）、河原林樫一郎（東洋レーヨン 常務取締役）、羽室亀太郎（京津電車 支配人）らの協力を得て、また設立賛助員として京都政財界の大物（内貴仁三郎、浜岡光哲、田中源太郎、中村栄助、雨森菊太郎、高木文平、河原林義男）の力を借り、京都法政学校設立事務所を朝日生命保険株式会社の一角に設置した。
• The next year, he set up a preparatory office for to establish Kyoto Hosei School within the building of Asahi Life Insurance Company, and received cooperation in educational affairs from ex-professors at Kyoto Imperial University, Yorozu ODA, Hisoka INOUE, and Santaro OKAMATSU among others, cooperation in office procedure to establish the school from Yoshi NISHIDA (Senior managing director, Asahi Life Insurance Company), Atsushi Hashimoto (Directing manager, Daido Life Insurance Company), Yoshinao YAMASHITA (Member of Kyoto Prefectural Assembly), Kashiichiro KAWARABAYASHI (Executive director, Toyo Rayon Co., Ltd.), and Kametaro HAMURO (Directing manager, Keishin Densha (Keishin Electric Tramway), among others, and also received support from prominent figures in the Kyoto business circle (Ninsaburo UCHINUKI, Kotetsu HAMAOKA, Gentaro TANAKA, Eisuke NAKAMURA, Kikutaro AMEMORI, Bunpei TAKAGI, and Yoshio KAWARABAYASHI) as patronage members.
• The next year he obtained teaching support from former professors of Kyoto Imperial University, Yorozu ODA, Hisoka INOUE, Santaro OKAMATSU, as well as Yui Nishida (executive director of the Asahi Seimei Company), Atsushi HASHIMOTO (the first president of Daido Seimei Insurance Company), Yoshinao YAMASHITA (member of the Kyoto Metropolitan Assembly), Kashiichiro KAWARABAYASHI (executive director of Toyo Rayon (Toray)), Kametaro HAMURO (general manager of Keishin Densha) had supported in terms of management for the establishment of the school. Other important people from the realm of Kyoto financial affairs lent their assistance to the school's establishment, including Jinzaburo NAIKI, Koutetsu HAMAOKA, Gentaro TANAKA, Eisuke NAKAMURA, Kikutaro AMEMORI, Bunpei TAKAGI, Yoshio KAWARABAYASHI), and with the help of these people he established the office of Kyoto Hosei School in a corner of the Asahi Seimei Insurance Company.

• 司法修習生となる資格を得た後に簡易裁判所判事、検察官、裁判所調査官、裁判所事務官、法務事務官、司法研修所、裁判所職員総合研修所若しくは法務省設置法（平成十一年法律第九十三号）第四条第三十六号若しくは第三十八号の事務をつかさどる機関で政令で定めるものの教官、衆議院若しくは参議院の議員若しくは法制局参事、内閣法制局参事官又は学校教育法（昭和二十二年法律第二十六号）による大学で法律学を研究する大学院の置かれているものの法律学を研究する学部、専攻科若しくは大学院における法律学の教授若しくは准教授の職に在つた期間が通算して五年以上になること。
• After acquiring the qualification to become a legal apprentice, to have served, in total, not less than five years as a judge of a summary court, a public prosecutor, a research law clerk, a court administrative official, a law official of the Ministry of Justice, an instructor at the Legal Training and Research Institute, the Research and Training Institute for Court Officials or government organ, as prescribed by Cabinet Order, in charge of the practices set forth in items (xxxvi) or (xxxviii) of Article 4 of the Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Justice (Act No. 93 of 1999), a member of the House of Representatives or of the House of Councilors or a councilor (Sanji-kan) of the Legislative Bureau of the House of Representatives or of the House of Councilors, a councilor (Sanji-kan) of the Legislative Bureau of the Cabinet, or as a professor or associate professor of law at a department, major course or graduate school for the study of law at a university as stipulated by the School Education Act (Act No. 26 of 1947) that has a graduate school for the study of law;

• 裁判所は、公務員の職務上の秘密に関する文書について第二百二十条第四号に掲げる場合であることを文書の提出義務の原因とする文書提出命令の申立てがあった場合には、その申立てに理由がないことが明らかなときを除き、当該文書が同号ロに掲げる文書に該当するかどうかについて、当該監督官庁（衆議院又は参議院の議員の職務上の秘密に関する文書についてはその院、内閣総理大臣その他の国務大臣の職務上の秘密に関する文書については内閣。以下この条において同じ。）の意見を聴かなければならない。この場合において、当該監督官庁は、当該文書が同号ロに掲げる文書に該当する旨の意見を述べるときは、その理由を示さなければならない。
• Where a petition for an order to submit a document is filed, with regard to a document concerning a secret in relation to a public officer's duties, on the grounds that the document falls under any of the categories set forth in Article 220(iv), the court, except where it is obvious that the petition is groundless, shall hear opinions of the supervisory government agency concerned (in the case of a member of the House of Representatives or House of Councillors or a person who held such post, the respective House; in the case of the Prime Minister or any other Minister of State or a person who held such post, the Cabinet) as to whether or not the document in question falls under the category of document set forth in Article 220(iv)(b). In this case, the supervisory government agency, when stating an opinion that the document falls under the category of document set forth in Article 220(iv)(b), shall specify reasons therefor.