視: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 警視隊
- The Keishi-tai troop (a troop of police officers)
- 朋友関係の重視
- Emphasizing the relationship between associates
- 長篠城監視部隊
- Nagashino-jo Castle-Lookout Units
- 将軍義政と義視
- Shoguns Yoshimasa and Yoshimi
- ウイルス監視機能
- virus protection
- 陰影法・透視図法
- Shadow method/perspective drawing technique
- 岩倉具視幽棲旧居
- Tomomi IWAKURA's Old Retirement House
- 原発性視神経萎縮症
- primary optic atrophy
- 検視者に任せること。
- You should leave it to the medical coroner.
- 5. 「誠意」の重視
- 5. Emphasis on 'seii'
- 狩野左京介、一色視元
- Sakyonosuke KANO, 視元 ISSHIKI
- 岩倉具視:特命全権大使
- Tomomi IWAKURA:Tokumei-zenken-taishi (extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador).
- ─ 警視隊(本営米倉)
- - The Keishi-tai troop (headquartered at Yonekura)
- 写生を重要視している。
- He placed great importance on sketching.
- 話術も比較的重視されている。
- Focus is rather placed on speaking skills.
- 菅原高視 菅原淳茂 菅原衍子
- Sugawara no Takami Sugawara no Atsushige Sugawara no Enshi
- また、視程現象にも分類される。
- Kosa is used as a phenomenon for classifying the degrees of visibility.
- また軸より花が重視されている。
- In addition, flowers are more important than hanging scrolls.
- 現地の劇場や女優養成学校を視察
- She visited theaters and actress training institutes in France
- 重視していた姿勢が見て取れる。
- It showed that he valued the Sofuku-ji Temple.
- 隠居後に水戸藩領内を巡視した。
- He went on inspection tours of the Mito Domain after retirement.
- - 視界が多少混濁している状態。
- Visibility is slightly hindered.
- 一方、山縣は政党を敵視し続けた。
- Meanwhile, Yamagata continued to be hostile to political parties.
- (例)濃霧で視界が悪い時に進む。
- (e.g.) Advance while the field of vision is bad due to dense fog.
- しかし、実在は疑問視されている。
- However, it is questionable if such a tactics was in fact employed.
- コマ割りを無視して人物を描く事。
- To draw a character ignoring the layout of frames.
- お歯黒、引眉、等、時代考証を重視。
- Close attention was paid to historical accuracy such as ohaguro and hikimayu in the Daiei jidaigeki.
- 鬼一法眼と同一視されることがある。
- The tengu is sometimes identified with Hogan KIICHI.
- 海外視察のため上海市に密航もした。
- He also smuggled himself into Shanghai City to make an overseas visit.
- 義輝は御内書を送り和睦無視を責めた。
- Yoshiteru sent gonaisho to accuse Harunobu of ignoring the peace treaty.
- 現に一視同仁をスローガンにしていた。
- In fact, the impartiality was their slogan.
- 4月には足利義視が調停を試みている。
- In April, Yoshimi ASHIKAGA attempted arbitration.
- すると、警視総監として即日施行した。
- MISHIMA enforced it on the very day as Tokyo Metropolitan Police Commissioner.
- 得宗専制が進むと軽視されるようになる。
- It became neglected with the rise of Tokuso autocracy.
- 貴族社会を反省する視点がうかがわれる。
- The attitude of reviewing a noble society is shown.
- 独立運動の監視体制はむしろ強化された。
- The surveillance system against the independence movement was more strengthened.
- 祭神は宇賀神(弁才天と同一視される)。
- Its enshrined deity is Ugajin (identified as Saraswati (god of wealth, music, eloquence and water)).
- 今日では存在そのものが否定視されている。
- These days, however, it is considered that the book itself did not exist.
- そのため礼儀作法が非常に重視されている。
- For this purpose, they attached great importance to etiquette and formality.
- 現在国立光明寮国立塩原視力障害センター。
- The site is currently occupied by Kokuritsu (national) Komeiryo (literally, dormitory of the light, referring to a national vocational training center for the visually disabled) Shiobara Visual Disabilities Institution, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities.
- ─ 別働第3旅団(警視隊を主体として編成)
- - Detached 3rd brigade (whose members were mostly those of the Keishi-tai troop)
- 1月18日 岩倉具視の指示で山国隊が誕生。
- February 11: acting under the instructions of Tomomi IWAKURA, the Yamagunitai is formed.
- 『古今和歌六帖』の撰者に有力視されている。
- He is believed to have been a selector for 'Kokin Waka Rokujo (six volumes of Japanese poetry written in the middle of the Heian period)'.
- 1928年(昭和3年)ヨーロッパ視察旅行。
- 1928: He went on a inspection tour in Europe.
- そのため、北陸への出兵が最重要視されていた。
- Therefore, the dispatch of troops to Hokuriku was given paramount importance.
- - 目視と異なり、定量的に視程を観測できる。
- Use of this instrument allows visibility levels to be measured more precisely than visually.
- 09.視程内または前1時間内の砂じんあらし→
- 09: A sandstorm is visible or a sandstorm existed within the last one hour =>
- 比較の視点-日本の安政五ヶ国条約との相違点-
- A comparison of view points – Different points comparing the treaties of five countries in Ansei era in Japan -
- 黒田は樺太視察に赴き、8月に現地に到着した。
- KURODA went to Sakhalin for inspections and arrived there in August.
- 本来は見えないものが、幽かに可視化したもの。
- They are invisible, but those which become faintly visible are called Hitodama.
- また、風土記の倭武天皇が倭王武と同一視する。
- This theory identifies Waobu with Yamatotakeru no sumeramikoto who appears in Fudoki (description of regional climate, culture, etc.).
- 1889年(明治22年)7月、欧米諸国視察。
- In July 1889, he made an official visit to western countries
- 写生を重視した親しみやすい画風が特色である。
- His approachable style of painting attaches great importance to sketching.
- 新たに募集された警視官に応募し、採用された。
- He applied for employment with a commissary that had recently been established, and was hired.
- (例)夕立ちで視界が悪くなるときを狙って逃げる
- (e.g.) Escape as soon as the field of vision becomes bad by the sudden evening shower.
- 3月、「泰東書道院」による支那書道視察団出発。
- March: A 'Taito Shodo-in' mission to study Chinese calligraphy departed.
- 常盤井宮家に比べて軽視されていたことが伺える。
- Compared with the Tokiwainomiya family, it seems that the Kideranomiya family was valued less.
- 山門に対する監視の必要性が薄くなったためである。
- This is because of the fact that there was less of a need to observe Sanmon.
- 現在の警視庁下谷警察署のあたりが川路邸であった。
- KAWAJI's residence was located in the neighborhood of today's Shimotani Police Office of Keishi-cho.
- また、女王は握手はしたものの視線は交わさなかった。
- Moreover, Elizabeth II shook hands with the Crown Prince Akihito, without exchanging glances.
- 岩倉具視は亀井に唐風儀式の撤廃と古式復興を命じた。
- Tomomi IWAKURA ordered Kamei to abolish Chinese style ceremony and revive the ancient ceremony.
- 郵便制度視察および鉄道建設借款契約締結のため渡英。
- He went to Great Britain to inspect the postal system and conclude a contract to loan money for railway construction.
- 古来、道風を伝承筆者とするが、疑問視されているもの
- Works whose author is said to be Michikaze but whose validity is not confirmed
- しかし、政宗は秀吉の命令を無視して戦争を続行した。
- However, Masamune continued his warfare by ignoring the order from Hideyoshi.
- 由利案ではこの条文は第一条に置かれ最重視されていた。
- In the Yuri draft it was the first article and was most emphasized.
- だが、これが観世流の内部で問題視されるようになった。
- But it became a subject of discussion within Kanze-ryu school.
- 風俗・社会・文化の視覚的資料としては高い価値がある。
- Shinbun-nishiki-e has high value as a visual reference for manners and customs, general society, and culture.
- 龍神の灯す火の意味で龍燈と呼ばれ、神聖視されている。
- It is called ryuto in the sense of the fire put on by dragon god and deified.
- これを天暦の治といい、延喜の治と並んで聖代視された。
- This rule was called Tenryaku no chi (glorious Tenryaku rule), and along with Engi no chi, was regarded as being sacred.
- 景行天皇の時に北陸・東国を視察し、蝦夷の征討を進言。
- During the reign of Emperor Keiko, he inspected the Hokuriku region and Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly the Kanto region) and proposed subjugating the native Emishi people of northern Japan.
- 同16年には上海市に出張し、現地の電話交換局を視察。
- In 1883, he went to Shanghai to inspect the Telephone Exchange Office.
- 字引重視の型と付録重視で教養書的なものの二傾向がある。
- There were two trends in the forms: One was a dictionary-oriented form and the other was an educational book-like appendix-oriented form.
- 明・朝鮮連合軍は順天倭城を遠巻きに監視するのみとなる。
- The Ming and Korean forces changed their tactics to just watch Suncheon Waeseong without getting too close.
- 最初に後藤手代が立会い監視の下、地金の精錬が行われた。
- At first, refining of bullion was carried out and monitored in the presence of Goto-tedai (clerks of the GOTO family).
- 大久保は、西郷出仕の必要性を重視してこれを受け入れた。
- Okubo emphasized the necessity of Saigo's service and accepted his opinion.
- しかし、警視抜刀隊が薩軍と対等に戦えることが分かった。
- The government army incidentally found that the Keishibatto-tai troop could fight equally the Satsuma army.
- 海上保安庁のちよかぜ級巡視艇の「まつかぜ」CL142。
- A Chiyokaze class patrol boat 'Matsukaze,' belonging to Japan Coast Guard.
- 主人公の視点が現代の正義感に合致するよう描かれている。
- The storyline is written in such a manner that the leading character's viewpoint aligns with modern values.
- 「祇園文化の誤解を招く」と問題視されるようにもなった。
- Now some people see maiko makeover as problematic causing misunderstanding about Gion culture.
- しかし、ここにもう一つ無視できない政治勢力が存在した。
- At this point in time there was, however, one more political colossus that could not be ignored.
- 明治33年(1900年)、北清事変に際して視察を行う。
- In 1900 he went to China to observe the Boxer Rebellion.
- 1910年、鉄道院顧問として視察中のロンドンにて客死。
- In 1910, he died in London during his visit as an advisor for the Railway Bureau.
- 同書は資料性は高いものの、幕府寄りの視点で書かれている。
- It is valuable as a historical resource, but is written from a viewpoint that leans towards the bakufu.
- 上記のような公地公民論は、次第に疑問視される傾向にある。
- The tendency to doubt the above view on Kochi Komin system is gradually increasing.
- 参与岩倉具視、大原重徳、万里小路博房、長谷信篤、橋本実梁
- Sanyo: Tomomi IWAKURA, Shigetomi OHARA, Hirofusa MADENOKOJI, Nobuatsu NAGATANI, and Saneyana HASHIMOTO
- 泉州地域では、地車の装飾や、曳行自体が重要視されている。
- In the Senshu area, the danjiri decorations and the way it is pulled are considered to be important.
- 現在のところ、黄砂の気象観測としては目視が中心だと言える。
- It can be said that so far, meteorological observations are mostly based on visual ones.
- また、備単体では魚鱗や鶴翼の様な陣形はあまり重視されない。
- Furthermore, battle arrays such as the fish scale and 'V' formations were not emphasized in individual sonae units.
- 東映は、正社員の採用において学歴や縁故を大変重視していた。
- Toei put much emphasis on educational background and personal connections when recruiting full-time employees.
- が、20世紀末期頃からその存在が疑問視されるようになった。
- Since the end of the 20th century, however, the existence of the system has been doubted.
- また、公地公民制の存在自体が疑問視されるようになっている。
- Also, the existence of the Kochi komin system itself has been questioned about.
- 永禄元年(1558年)、晴信は和睦を無視して北信濃へ出陣。
- In 1558, Harunobu led his forces to the northern Shinano area, ignoring the peace treaty.
- 相当量の灰吹銀が監視の目を逃れて不正に持ち出され流出した。
- Substantial amounts of cupellated silver were illegally smuggled out in secret and flowed out of the country.
- しかし素振りの間の畳を叩く行為等が問題視されることもある。
- However, sometimes actions such as hitting tatami while practicing swings are frowned or considered to be some offense.
- 1942年(昭和17年)、大日本帝国海軍監視所として設置。
- In 1942, the Kyogamisaki Sub Base was built as a Japanese Imperial Navy observation post.
- 律令制の根幹は人別課税だったが、冬嗣は土地課税を重視した。
- The Ritsuryo system was based on an individual-based tax system, while the Fuyutsugu count was a land-based tax system.
- この決定に反対した政元や伊勢貞宗らは、義視父子と対立した。
- Masamoto, Sadamune ISE and others who had been against this decision opposed Yoshimi and his son.
- 山陰道の入り口に当たるため、江戸幕府から特に重要視された。
- Kameyama was greatly valued by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) as it served as the gateway to a region of Japan known as the Sanin-do.
- 関東の北条領は一益の文書では南方と呼ばれ、重視されている。
- According to a document kept by Kazumasu, the territory of the Hojo clan in the Kanto region was called 'Minamikata' and highly valued.
- 豊後口警視徴募隊に抜刀隊として参加し、同年5月に戦闘参加。
- He joined the Bungoguchi Keishi Chobotai (Bungoguchi Enlisted Commissary Troops) as a member of the 'Army Cutting with a Gouge,' and in May of the same year he took part in a battle.
- 長男菅原高視を初め、子供4人が流刑に処された(昌泰の変)。
- Four children of Michizane, including his eldest son, SUGAWARA no Takami, were exiled in what is known as the Shotai Incident.
- 長政は義景との同盟関係を重視し、織田徳川軍を背後から急襲。
- Nagamasa laid importance on the alliance with Yoshikage and made a surprise attack on the army of Oda and Tokugawa from behind.
- これに従わない者、強訴を非難・無視する者は放氏処分とされた。
- If a court noble or official went against it, or criticized (or ignored) the goso, he (or she) was purged from the Fujiwara clan.
- 元治元年(1864年)5月、慶喜は摂津国沿岸を視察している。
- In May, 1864, Yoshinobu inspected the coastline of Settsu Province.
- 21世紀に入ってからは新たな視点からの議論が展開しつつある。
- After the 21st century began, an argument from a new point of view has been developed.
- 「白」の濃淡はどうして見分けるのだろうかと疑問視されている。
- It is questionable how the two shades of 'white' were distinguished.
- 翌年、岩倉具視が上奏した憲法大綱領では「天皇」と表記された。
- In Kenpo Daikoryo (literally, The Grand Outline of the Constitution) reported to the throne by Tomomi IWAKURA the next year, the title 'Tenno' was used.
- 第7代将軍足利義勝の異母弟で、第8代将軍義政と義視の異母兄。
- He was a younger paternal half-brother of the 7th Shogun Yoshikatsu ASHIKAGA as well as an older paternal half-brother of the 8th Shogun Yoshimasa and Yoshimi.
- 維新後の明治2年(1869年)、渡欧して普仏戦争などを視察。
- In 1869 after the Meiji Restoration, he visited Europe to inspect the Franco-Prussian War.
- さらに禁教としたキリシタンの動向も無視できない存在であった。
- Furthermore, movements of the believers of Christianity, which had been prohibited in the nation, could not be ignored.
- 歴史学が実証主義を重視しすぎ、歴史認識や史学方法論を軽んじた。
- History had placed too much importance on positivism and treated recognition of history and methodologies of history lightly.
- 中世に穢れ観念が日本に流入した事により大衆から賤視されていた。
- After the concept of kegare (being dirty) was brought to Japan in the medieval period, these people became treated with contempt.
- また頼朝の後家としての北条政子の影響力も無視できない点である。
- The influence that Masako exercised as a widow of Yoritomo cannot be ignored.
- この演目が物語性を重視しない、本質的に見世物である所以である。
- This is because the play is essentially written as an attraction and does not emphasize narrativity.
- 祖師からの嗣法を重視する禅宗では祖師像を仏像と同様に尊重した。
- Zen sect which emphasizes shiho (to inherit the dharma from a priest master) respected the images of the patriarch just as Buddha statues.
- 芳年は生涯をかけ、自らの作品の主題として妖怪を重要視していた。
- Yoshitoshi placed special emphasis on monsters as a theme of his own works throughout his lifetime.
- そこに、日本の家柄を重視する貴族社会の特性をみることができる。
- This is where the characteristic of Japanese aristocratic society that places emphasis on the social standing of a family may be seen.
- そのためか長物を扱うための基本とされ重要視されている例も多い。
- For that reason, it is often considered the foundation for wielding polearms.
- 伊勢神宮の祭祀が重視され広瀬・竜田祭が国家事業として行われた。
- They attached importance to the rituals of Ise-jingu Shrine, and the Hirose Tatsuta Festival was held as a state undertaking.
- 近衛篤麿の外交政策は、中国(当時は清)を重視したものであった。
- About his diplomatic strategy, Atsumaro KONOE weighed heavily on China (Qing at that time).
- 同年10月、右大臣岩倉具視欧米使節団に兵部省理事官として随行。
- In November of the same year, he attended to Europe and American delegates of Tomomi IWAKURA, Minister of the Right as resident of Hyobusho (ministry of military).
- 階級は警視総監、少将(軍職を兼ねる)、位階勲等は正五位勲二等。
- He gained the Tokyo Metropolitan Police commissioner, shosho (major general) (concurrently be in the military service); he was awarded Shogoi (Senior Fifth Rank) and the Order of Second Class.
- 明治12年(1879年)1月、海外警察視察のために東京を発つ。
- In January 1879, KAWAJI left Tokyo for the inspection of foreign police.
- 1888年(明治21年)夏、警視総監在任中の三島は病に倒れた。
- In the summer of 1888, during his tenure as the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Commissioner, MISHIMA fell ill.
- 室町時代の朝鮮通信使には日本の国情視察目的も密かに含まれていた。
- Chosen Tsushinshi was provided with the mission of secretly surveying situations in Japan as well.
- 観客がどこで笑いを感じるかに視点を定めて科学的な分類を実現した。
- He built a scientific classification by focusing on the points where audiences feel like laughing.
- 派手なオチになるため、視聴覚的インパクトという点ではこの上ない。
- It is such a gaudy ochi that it gives the greatest visual and auditory impact.
- 落語家(らくごか)は、落語を演じて視聴させることを職業とする人。
- A rakugoka performs rakugo (traditional comic storytelling) as an occupation.
- 即位の事実は疑問視されており、江戸時代ころから議論がされていた。
- It had been a questionable matter whether he really succeeded the throne or not, and there had been discussions on this matter since around the Edo period.
- パリ万博を視察したほか、ヨーロッパ各国を訪問する昭武に随行する。
- In addition to visiting the World Exposition in Paris, he accompanied Akitake visiting European countries.
- ただし、一次資料ではないため無視されているというのが現状である。
- But currently, these data are disregarded because they are not of primary sources.
- 実際は足利義昭は他の多くの大名家に上洛を促しても無視されている。
- In fact, although Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA recommended many major daimyo to come to the capital, they ignored him.
- 「監視署」とは、日ソ国境の北緯50度線の密貿易を監視する官署である
- 'Guard Post' is a government office, which watched out for smuggling at the border to Russia at fifty northern latitude.
- もしこのお触れを無視し、隠れて他所酒を飲む者があったら処罰する。」
- If you neglect this furegaki and drink yosozake secretly, you will be punished.'
- また武野紹鴎好みとする棗も現存しているが、同様に疑問視されている。
- There is also a natsume that Joo TAKENO style kept, but this is also questioned by researchers.
- 足利義稙は、応仁の乱で西軍の盟主に擁立された足利義視の嫡子である。
- Yoshitane ASHIKAGA was the heir of Yoshimi ASHIKAGA, who was backed by the leader of Western forces during the Onin War.
- 一絲文守は岩倉具視が隠棲した霊源寺を開山したことでも知られている。
- Isshi Bunshu is also known as the founder of the Reigen-ji Temple, which Tomomi IWAKURA used as a hideout at one time.
- 同時代史料には全く名前が出てこないため実在を疑問視する意見もある。
- There is an opinion which questions her existence since no documentation in that period mentioned her.
- なお更級日記の原作者菅原孝標女は菅原道真の子菅原高視の子孫である。
- Sugawara no Takasue's daughter, the original author of the Sarashina-Diary was a descendant of Sugawara no Takami, Sugawara no Michizane's son.
- 朝廷の正庁たる朝堂院の正門であった応天門などと並んで最重要視された。
- It was considered to be one of the most important gates, along with Otenmon Gate positioned in front of the Chodo-in, the state chamber of the Imperial Court.
- その後岩倉具視が帰国し内治優先の立場から使節派遣に反対の上奏をした。
- Later Tomomi IWAKURA, when he returned home, reported the opposition to the dispatch of the envoy, to the throne, and their placing priority on domestic issues.
- 山縣有朋や井上馨も北海道を視察して屯田兵を重視すべきとの印象を得た。
- Aritomo YAMAGATA and Kaoru INOUE also inspected Hokkaido and got an impression that they should give greater importance to todenhei.
- この時、弁天台場は、両艦を歓迎する礼砲を撃ったが、両艦とも無視した。
- At this time, a salute was fired at Benten Daiba to welcome the both worships, but they ignored it.
- それを重視するということは、儒教的価値観に一石を投じるものであった。
- Putting emphasis on the horizontal relationship caused a stir in the Confucian values.
- (なお、この初会から三会目のしきたりは、存在を疑問視する意見もある)
- However, some people think that the existence of these conventions, from the first to the third meetings, is questionable.
- 明治2年(1869年)に欧州を視察し、翌明治3年(1870年)帰国。
- In 1869, he went on an inspection tour to Europe and returned the following year in 1870.
- 更に、仏教の影響で料理の美味いまずいを口にする事をタブー視していた。
- Affected by Buddhism, nobles considered it a taboo to say whether a dish was delicious or not.
- 多くの蕎麦好きは、新蕎麦の季節ともなれば特に蕎麦の香りを重要視する。
- Many of soba enthusiasts take the scent of soba seriously, particularly, during the fresh buckwheat crop season.
- 朝廷からの攘夷願いを無視できず、幕府は形式的な攘夷命令を諸藩に下す。
- Bakufu could not ignore the Imperial Court's request for the expulsion of foreigners, and superficially it ordered various clans to conduct the above.
- 義視は、義尚誕生のときから幕府に身の置き場所をなくしていたのである。
- Since the very moment of the birth of Yoshihisa, Yoshimi had virtually lost his place in the Bakufu.
- 志賀直哉が今もなお強烈な影響を与えるのは、視覚的把握の正確さである。
- Naoya SHIGA's accuracy of visual description still exerts a powerful influence today.
- 改易された蒲生氏に代わり東北諸大名の監視と牽制のための配置であった。
- Thus, Kagekatsu was stationed there to monitor and check feudal lords in Tohoku in place of the Gamo clan, which had forfeited the fief located there.
- 早くから『伊勢物語』の主人公の、いわゆる「昔男」と同一視されている。
- From early on, Narihira was identified with the main character of 'Ise Monogatari,' the so-called 'Mukashi-Otoko' (the man from long ago).
- 明治6年の征韓論に際して、黒田は内治重視の立場から西郷らに反対した。
- With regard to the seikanron (an opinion to dispatch a mission to Korea) in 1873, Kuroda opposed Saigo and some others as he took the position to emphasize internal politics.
- 徐前 『漱石と子規の漢詩 対比の視点から』 (明治書院 2005年)
- 'Soseki to Shiki no Kanshi: From a comparative view point ' by Zen JO (Meiji Shoin, 2005)
- 幕府などの公権力の統制を無視して海上で独立した軍事力と権力をふるった。
- They exercised their independent military force and their own power, ignoring public power including that of the bakufu.
- 堤防を完成させた秀吉は堤防の上に見張り場を設けて城内の様子を監視した。
- After the completion of the embankment, Hideyoshi placed guards on it over the castle.
- 比叡山延暦寺の監視と琵琶湖の制海権の獲得が目的であったと思われている。
- It is estimated that the purpose of this order was to observe the activities of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei and to acquire the marine control of Lake Biwa.
- 故に国人が配下の庶家や土豪の意向を無視することはできなかったのである。
- Kokujin were therefore unable to neglect the intentions of their branch families and Dogo.
- 西南戦争の教訓から、徴兵兵士に対する精神教育を重視する傾向が強まった。
- From the lessons obtained through the Seinan War, the tendency of emphasizing moral education for conscripted soldiers became stronger.
- 上方の雰囲気がこの狂言の生命とされ、戦後は東京も上方の演出を重視する。
- Atmosphere in kamigata is said to be a life of this kyogen and kamigata's staging was emphasized even in Tokyo after the war.
- それが採用された結果視聴者にインパクトを与え、定着したとのことである。
- As a result of its adoption, it gave an impact to viewers and it has been rooted.
- 12月には八省卿が新たに任命され、家格の伝統を軽視した人事が行われる。
- In the twelfth month, new lords of the eight ministries were appointed in a reshuffle of the bureaucracy that paid no attention to conventions of family status.
- 25年(95年)7月、武内宿禰を遣わして、北陸・東方諸国を視察させる。
- In July, 95, he dispatched TAKENOUCHI no Sukune to inspect each region of Hokuriku and Toho.
- 南北朝時代 (日本)の北畠親房、幕末の岩倉具視も村上源氏の支流である。
- Chikafusa KITABATAKE, during the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), and Tomomi IWAKURA, from the end of the Edo period, also belonged to branch families of Murakami-Genji.
- 秀吉からは布令無視を詰問されたが、徳川家康らの周旋もあり窮地を脱した。
- Although Hideyoshi questioned Masamune closely about his failure to obey the edicts, Masamune had a narrow escape thanks to the mediation of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- しかし、これは幕府内部に不満を呼び起こすとともに貞時にも不安視された。
- This however aroused discontent within the bakufu government and made Sadatoki apprehensive.
- 9月29日、京都に護送され、奥平信昌(京都所司代)の監視下に置かれた。
- On September 29, he was escorted to Kyoto and was placed under the supervision of the Kyoto shoshidai (the local governor of Kyoto), Nobumasa OKUDAIRA.
- 掲載する雑誌も原稿料を度外視し、できるだけ目立たないものを選んでいる。
- He chose magazines as inconspicuous as possible in which his biography works were carried, and he almost ignored manuscript fees.
- 公事と対に扱われ、年貢と同一視される場合もあるが本来は異なるものである。
- It was treated as a pair with kuji (pubic duties), and seen generally to be the same as nengu (land tax), but they were originally different.
- これは「だいゅう(大夫)」が訛ったものだという説が最も有力視されている。
- The most widely accepted theory is that they were called 'dayu' (high steward) at first and then it changed in these regions.
- 佐平治が咎めたのにもかかわらず、町人は無視してそのまま立ち去ろうとした。
- Saheiji reproached the townsman, who tried to leave, ignoring Saheiji.
- 岩倉具視を正使とし、政府のトップや留学生を含む総勢107名で構成された。
- It consisted of a total 107 people including the highest ranks of government and students with Tomomi IWAKURA as seishi (senior envoy).
- - 死後、肉体を離れた魂が、現世に残り、生前の姿で幽かに可視化したもの。
- Borei are spirits that have departed from the body but remained in Utsushiyo, and they appear faintly in the form they had during life.
- 禁中法度を無視し宮中に遊女を招きいれたり、遊郭にまでおしのびで出かけた。
- He would invite prostitutes to the palace, although it was against Kinchu Hatto (a regulation within the Imperial Palace), and he would secretly go to Yukaku (a red-light district) and carry on affairs with prostitutes.
- 『正尊』『烏帽子折』などにあり、大人数を揃えて華やかな視覚的効果を狙う。
- It is featured in 'Shozon' and 'Eboshiori,' and others, in which many performers appear on the stage and appeal to the eye with resplendent atmosphere.
- このことから、別々の鬼である羅城門の鬼と茨木童子がしばしば同一視される。
- This makes Rajomon no oni and Ibaraki Doji (an ogre who was Shuten Doji's follower) often being identified even though they were different ogres.
- しかし、これは『古事談』のみの記述であり、信憑性を疑問視する学説もある。
- However, this account is found only in 'Kojidan (Collection of Folklore),' but there are theories that discredit its authenticity.
- その後も勅旨牧は増設され、軍用品の生産地として重要視されるようになった。
- The farms were subsequently expanded and treated as important production sites for military supplies.
- 良房の養子、藤原基経もまた、良房路線を継承し土地課税重視の政策をとった。
- FUJIWARA no Mototsune, an adopted child of Yoshifusa, also followed Yoshifusa's policy line, and carried out counting based on the land-based tax system.
- (以上の説は安田元久の説であり、近年疑問視されている。源義家の項を参照)
- (The above explanation by Motohisa YASUDA is called in question recent years. Please refer to the article of MINAMOTO no Yoshiie.)
- 1885年(明治18年)北海道視察の後、開拓に関する建白書を政府に建議。
- In 1885, he visited Hokkaido and proposed a petition about its reclamation.
- 林業資源として、植生を無視してスギばかりを植林した弊害と指摘する説もある。
- There is also a theory that, due to its role as an important source of timber, the practice exists of planting large numbers of Japanese cedar trees without any regard for the ecosystem.
- 少なくとも撮影所には採用人事の学閥重視を一蹴するような実力主義が見られる。
- It can be said that the recruitment process for studio staff seems to prioritise ability over academic clique.
- 古来より釜は神聖視され、盟神探湯、湯立、鳴釜神事等の釜を使った呪術がある。
- Since ancient times, kama has been sanctified and there is some sort of magic when using kama such as kukatachi, yudate, narukama shinji.
- 江戸時代に入り領主となった伊達政宗が阿武隈川修繕の視察に亘理地方を訪れた。
- At the start of the Edo period, Masamune DATE, who became the feudal lord, visited Watari region for inspection of renovation work at Abukuma-gawa River.
- 承久の乱を契機に鎌倉幕府は京に六波羅探題を設置して、公家勢力の監視を行う。
- In the wake of the Jokyu War, the Kamakura bakufu established Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) in Kyo, and monitored the power held by court nobles.
- 特に日本では本来儒教が徳目として最も重んじていた「孝」以上に重要視された。
- Especially in Japan, it was emphasized more than 'filial piety' which was essentially honored mostly as a virtue in Confucianism.
- 明治維新後は警視庁大警視(のちの警視総監)となり、警察制度の確立に努めた。
- After Meiji Restoration, he held the post of Daikeishi (top of the police department) of Keishi-cho (Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department) (later Tokyo Metropolitan Police commissioner), and devoted himself to the establishment of police system.
- 西欧諸国の軍事、産業、造船術などを視察して翌1868年(明治元年)に帰国。
- He inspected military affairs, industry and shipbuilding techniques in Western countries and returned to Japan in 1868.
- 幽居中とはいえ活発に政治活動を続けた具視はここでも浪士らにつけねらわれた。
- Although leading a retired life, Tomomi was still politically active and was therefore followed and targeted by warriors.
- 子は長男・菅原高視や五男・菅原淳茂(父の没後に文章博士)をはじめ男女多数。
- He had many sons and daughters, including SUGAWARA no Takami, his first son, and SUGAWARA no Atsushige, his fifth son (who became Monjo Hakase after his father's death).
- このためサービスの比重は救護の方に置かれ、宿泊はあまり重視されていなかった。
- Consequently, the services placed great emphasis on relief activities while placing very little importance on aspects of accommodation.
- 背景に、次期将軍を予定されていた足利義視の排斥問題も絡んでいると伝えられる。
- It is said that the expulsion of the anticipated successor as shogun, Yoshimi ASHIKAGA, was involved in the events leading up to the dispute.
- 蘇我氏打倒後、保守派は百済重視外交を推し進め、白村江の戦いでそれが破綻する。
- After the fall of the Soga clan, the conservatives moved ahead with the Baekje focused policy, which failed when the Battle of Hakusukinoe (the battle of Baekgan) broke out.
- その報告である「北海道三県巡視復命書」の中で、金子は屯田兵の拡大を提案した。
- KANEKO proposed the expansion of tondenhei in the report of 'Inspection Tour in Three Prefectures of Hokkaido'.
- 20日には黒田清隆参軍率いる1箇大隊半と警視隊500名余が日奈久に上陸した。
- On February 20, one and a half battalions led by Sangun Kiyotaka KURODA and the Keishi-tai troop of more than 500 strong disembarked at Hinagu.
- 貴族社会のたしなみを反映した流派であり、運動の正確さ、美しさなどを重視する。
- Since it had been developed reflecting the manners of the aristocracy, the accuracy and the beauty of the riding are considered to be important.
- 類似の格闘技の中では、特に常に前に出て押すことを重視するところに特徴がある。
- Sumo is unique when compared to similar types of martial arts in that sumo emphasizes having a wrestler to keep pushing forward.
- 屋内での茶道では重視される細かいマナーが簡略化された気安い催しの場合もある。
- In some cases, Nodate is an event easy to participate in where detailed manners are simplified although they are valued in an indoor tea ceremony.
- 来賓時その場面の格式などを掛軸で表現することが重要視される考え方が生まれた。
- People came to think that it was important to express the formality of the guests or occasions by displaying various kinds of kakejiku.
- また北部には鞍馬寺・貴船神社・三千院・岩倉具視幽閉跡・修学院離宮などがある。
- In the northern part of the ward, Kurama-dera Temple, Kifune-jinja Shrine, Sanzen-in Temple, the site where Tomomi IWAKURA was once confined, and Shugakuin Rikyu (Shugakuin Imperial Villa) are also located.
- 紀伊の国で信仰されていた玉津島姫と同一視され、和歌三神の一柱であるとされる。
- Identified with Tamatsushima no hime who was enshrined in Kii Province, Sotoorihime is regarded as one of the Waka Sanjin (the Three gods of waka poem).
- また、幕末期には海防が重視され、藩内に大砲28門、砲台築造などが行なわれた。
- In the last days of Tokugawa Shogunate, naval defense became a priority, and 28 guns and gun emplacements were constructed in the domain.
- 土木・電信の事業に関わり、明治8年には、ヨーロッパ各国の電信事情を視察する。
- He was involved with civil engineering and telegraph projects and, in 1875, visited Europe to observe the status of their telegraph operations.
- さらに清盛の娘婿・近衛基通を無視して、基房の子・松殿師家を権中納言に任じた。
- Further, Goshirakawa appointed Moroie MATSUDONO, son of Motofusa, to the position of second-ranked councillor of state while ignoring Kiyomori's son-in-law, Motomichi KONOE.
- 明治元年仙台藩邸の病院に移され、ここで岩倉具視の訪問を受け、翌年釈放された。
- He was moved to a hospital in the residence of Sendai Domain in 1868, where he met Tomomi IWAKURA, and then he was released next year.
- 9月、元明天皇はみずから平城の地を視察し、造平城京司の長官ら17名を任命した。
- In September, the Empress Genmei made an inspection of the site of Heijo and appointed 17 officials including the chief of zoheijokyoshi (office for construction of Heijokyo).
- そのほか、住居に砂が侵入したり、視界不良による事故などで死者が出ることもある。
- In addition, the sand intrudes into dwellings, and the low visibility due to the sand sometimes even causes persons to be killed by ensuing traffic accidents.
- 例えば「四課三伝法第一」の冒頭は、「常以月将加占時視日辰陰陽以立四課」である。
- For example, the beginning of 'Shikasandenho daiichi' is '常以月将加占時視日辰陰陽以立四課.'
- 元山は単に貿易の要所としてだけでなく、対ロシアの拠点としての機能も重視された。
- Wonsan was considered as an important site not only for trade, but also as a foothold against Russia.
- その任務は長崎奉行と協力して九州諸藩の動静監視であり「九州探題」とも呼ばれた。
- Since their job was to watch developments in the Kyushu domains, cooperating with Nagasaki bugyo (Nagasaki magistrate), they were also known as 'Kyushu Tandai' (local feudal commissioner).
- 旧日本軍の騎兵科の教練にも水馬がおこなわれ、水中騎兵練習として重視されていた。
- Suiba was adopted as a drill of the cavalry department of the Imperial Japanese Army and became an important in-water exercise.
- 義尚擁立に転じた勝元が、穏便な形をとって義視を御所から事実上追放したのである。
- The truth seems to be that Katsumoto, having changed his posture in favor of Yoshihisa as the next Shogun, virtually expelled Yoshimi from the palace in a sugarcoated way.
- また日本海から湾内を目視する事ができないため、軍事上の拠点として重要視された。
- It was also regarded as important as a military base because its insides could not be seen from the Japan Sea.
- 京方は院宣の効果を絶対視しており、諸国の武士はこぞって味方すると確信していた。
- Those of the capital faction were convinced that the Imperial decree would absolutely have the desired effect, and all the warriors of the various provinces would flock to join them.
- 榛名山産業美術研究所の構想や、先進欧米視察への野望が、このことを裏付けている。
- This was exemplified by his vision for the Mt. Haruna Institute of Industrial Art and his ambition to visit advanced western countries.
- 頼綱の家系は平資盛を祖とするというが、これは仮冒された系譜という疑問視がある。
- The progenitor of Yoritsuna's family was allegedly TAIRA no Sukemori, but some question its authenticity.
- 大警視就任後も稼業終了後ほぼ毎日自ら、東京中の警察署、派出所を巡視して周った。
- After assuming office as Daikeishi, he visited police offices and branch stations all over Tokyo almost everyday after the end of a day's work.
- しかし明治時代に陸運が重視されると、陸路による東京までの交通整備が進められた。
- However, when land transportation became important in Meiji period, land routes to Tokyo were developed.
- 1966年の安田元久『源義家』(吉川弘文館)もそのような視点から書かれている。
- 'Minamoto no Yoshiie' (Yoshikawa Kobukan, 1966) by Motohisa YASUDA was written from such perspective.
- 叔父の中で頼盛だけが出席しており、宗盛が頼盛を重視していたことを示唆している。
- Among the uncles, only Yorimori was present, which is taken to be indicative of the importance that Munemori attached to Yorimori.
- 逆に徳川家康は、残党狩りの命を無視し、先述のように武田の遺臣たちを密かに匿った。
- Contrarily, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA ignored the order to hunt down the remnants, and hid surviving retainers of the Takeda clan in secret as mentioned above.
- 天狗党の加勢を受けた頼徳は、市川らの工作もあり幕府によって天狗党と同一視される。
- Yorinori, backed up by Tenguto, came to be considered as a part of Tenguto by the bakufu partly due to maneuvers by Ichikawa.
- 蔵の面目がかかっているために採算は度外視されるので、いくらでも高級酒になりうる。
- As they took no account of the profit for the brewery's honor, the brewed sake can become as much high-class as it is.
- 濃霧などのため視界不良のとき、船や灯台などが位置を知らせるために鳴らす音響信号。
- A sound signal which ships and lighthouses emit when visibility is low due to dense fog in order to make their location known.
- キリスト教における巡礼は聖地への礼拝だけでなく、巡礼旅の過程も重要視されている。
- The pilgrimage in Christianity not only regards the worship at the holy sites but also place equal importance on the process of the pilgrimage.
- これら華族制度の整備を主導したのは、自らも公家華族である右大臣岩倉具視であった。
- The person who led these arrangements of the kazoku system was Udaijin (minister of the right) Tomomi IWAKURA who was a member of Kuge kazoku.
- しかしその結果、将軍・足利義満から危険視され、義満は山名一族離反の謀略を試みる。
- However, due to their prevalence, the Yamana clan came to be considered as a potentially dangerous clan by Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA; Yoshimitsu attempted to conspire the estrangement of the Yamana clan.
- また、啓蒙専制君主と比較して論じる者や、明治維新を市民革命と比較する視点もある。
- There are several viewpoints when comparing the Tennosei to Enlightened despotism or comparing the Meiji Restoration to bourgeois revolutions.
- この後頼綱は、しばらくは追加法を頻繁に出す等の手続きを重視した政治を行っていた。
- After the Incident Yoritsuna briefly focused on the procedural aspects of politics by frequently issuing additional laws.
- 1861年、1865年には幕府の使節としてヨーロッパに赴き、西洋世界を視察した。
- In 1861 and 1865, he visited Europe as a member of the envoy of bakufu and observed the Western world.
- また、鹿児島市皆与志町の生家近くのバス停は彼に因み「大警視」と名付けられている。
- Additionally, a bus stop near his birthplace in Minayoshi-cho, Kagoshima City, is named Daikeishi (which means the top of police department) after him.
- しかし鎖国後は、もっぱら国内重視の政策が採られ、基本的に国内自給経済が形成された。
- After closing the country, however, the national policy focused exclusively on domestic affairs, and a domestically self-supported economy was formed.
- 俘囚の地位を特別視するようなことは次第になくなり、歴史に記されることもなくなった。
- From this period, the position of the Fushu was no longer perceived as special and thus no longer recorded in history.
- 第四、第五の章が六壬で重要視される十二天将と月将が持つ象意の解説にあてられている。
- The symbolism of Juni Tensho and Juni Gessho, which are emphasized in Rikujin, is explained in Chapter 4 and Chapter 5.
- 武士化した荘官は、次第に領家を軽視するようになり、領家の支配権は蚕食されていった。
- Gradually, these armed shokan had come to disregard ryoke, encroaching their dominion.
- また、分家した家に本家より監視・監督する役割を担って配された家老を御附家老と呼ぶ。
- Karo officers sent from a main family to its branched family to inspect and supervise was called a Tsuke-garo officer.
- また木戸は能力を重視して大隈とともに旧幕臣の郷純造や渋沢栄一らを新政府に登用した。
- Also, Kido empahasized the ability of individuals and appointed, along with Okuma, a former retainer of shogun Junzo GO and Eiichi SHIBUSAWA to posts within the new government.
- これにより、皇国史観下ではタブー視されていた古代史や考古学の研究が大いに進展した。
- Because of this, the study of ancient history and archaeology, previously considered as taboo from the view of Kokokushikan, were developed on a large scale.
- 逆に、楽屋オチがよく認知されると、その周辺事情が観客・視聴者にも周知の事実になる。
- On the other hand, when the gakuya ochi is widely recognized, these affairs become a well known fact for the audiences and viewers.
- また、久留島義太は極値問題を級数展開の視点で考察し、微分法の一歩手前まで来ている。
- Yoshihiro KURUSHIMA studied the extreme value problem from the point of view of series expansion, and came within an inch of understanding complex differentiation.
- こうした立派な壺は鑑賞の対象であり、室町時代には茶道具の中で最も重要視されていた。
- These fine jars (pots) are the objects of appreciation of art, and were especially emphasized among the tea utensils during the Muromachi period.
- その他の地域から見れば1km四方の温泉街が同一視されるのはやむを得ない部分もある。
- However, it is partly unavoidable that the resort area is mixed up with the red-light area by the people living in the other areas of Japan, because they are located within 1 square kilometer.
- このため、この両家を新家として一括りにしてもいいのかについては疑問視する説もある。
- Hence, it is sometimes questioned whether these two families can be grouped with the other shinke families.
- 同年11月、岩倉具視欧米使節団に同行した藩主黒田長知の随行員となり、アメリカ留学。
- In November of the same year, he became a retinue of Feudal Lord Nagatomo KURODA, who joined the Tomomi IWAKURA Mission to Europe and the US, and went to study in the US.
- 首は神戸城では受け取りを拒否され、検視大塚俄左衛門が伊勢関町の福蔵寺に持ち帰った。
- Kanbe-jo Castle refused to accept Nobutaka's head, so the coroner, Gazaemon OTSUKA, brought it back to Fukuzo-ji Temple in Seki-machi, Ise Province.
- 7月から樺太に赴き、現地のロシア官吏との関係を調整し、北海道を視察して、帰京した。
- From July, Kuroda traveled to Sakhalin, formed a relationship with Russian government official of the area, inspected Hokkaido, and then returned to Tokyo.
- 後年、福澤はアジア諸国を蔑視し、侵略を肯定したアジア蔑視者であるとの批判を受けた。
- Later, some people argued that Yukichi was contemptuous of Asian countries and approved of invasion of these countries.
- これは中世社会が(今日的な視点で見れば)極めて非中央集権的な社会となる要因となった。
- This made medieval society extremely decentralized (from today's point of view).
- 黄砂の発生や程度は、視程のほかに空の色や湿度などの観測結果から、総合的に判断される。
- An occurrence of kosa and its strength level are judged totally based on observation data, including the color of the sky and humidity, in addition to visibility.
- 後醍醐は再三帰洛命令を出すが尊氏は無視し、義貞を非難する文書を送り返すだけであった。
- Although the Emperor Godaigo repeatedly ordered Takauji to return to Kyoto, Takauji ignored it and just sent a document criticizing Yoshisada back to him.
- 武田勝頼は名立たる重臣たちの「撤退すべき」という意見を無視し、決戦に臨んだとされる。
- Katsuyori TAKEDA decided to face the battle, ignoring his grand vassals who advised him 'to withdraw.'
- 翌日、脱出した千姫による助命嘆願も無視され、秀頼は淀殿らとともに籾蔵の中で自害した。
- The next day the plea of Senhime, who escaped from the castle, to spare the life of Hideyori being ignored, Hideyori committed suicide with Yodo-dono in an unhulled rice barn.
- ミュージカル、宝塚歌劇、等は演出等にもよるが、演出を重視する場合ほど、厚化粧になる。
- Although makeup used in musicals, Takarazuka Revue, etc. varies depending on the stage effects, atsugesho becomes more heavily applied as greater emphasis is placed on the stage effects.
- 棗は珠光に塗師の羽田五郎が納めたものが最初とされるが、研究者からは疑問視されている。
- The first natsume is said to have been one that Goro HANEDA, a nurishi (maker of lacquer ware and handiworks), presented to Juko, although this theory is questioned by researchers.
- The first natsume is said to have been one that Goro HANEDA, a nurishi (maker of lacquer ware and handiworks), presented to Juko, though this theory is questioned by researchers.
- 憲法学の通説となった天皇機関説は、議会の役割を重視し、政党政治と憲政の常道を支えた。
- The Emperor Organ Theory, which became a popular theory of the Study of Constitution, focused on roles of the diet and supported the way of party government and constitutional politics.
- 今これを視ると、達筆とは言えないが、雄勁な筆運びで、勇武な気性がよくあらわれている。
- We cannot say that he had good handwriting, but the pithy brushwork showed his brave spirit.
- その後も岩倉具視らと協力して王政復古の大号令を実現させ、小御所会議では司会を務めた。
- After that, he cooperated in creating the Decree (of 1867) for the Restoration of Imperial Rule with Tomomi IWAKURA and was in charge of moderating at the Kogosho Conference (the meeting held in the presence of the Emperor in the Kogosho Conference Room of Kyoto Imperial Palace at the night of December 9, 1867, when the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule was issued).
- 数えの38歳で辞官・落飾した岩倉具視は地元の大工から古家を譲り受け、5年余り住んだ。
- Removing himself from the government post and entering the priesthood at the age of 38, Tomomi IWAKURA was given an old house from a local carpenter and lived there for over five years.
- 水戸藩の国学、天狗党の強烈な尊王攘夷思想の流れをくむ芹沢を危険視したという説もある。
- There's a theory that they considered SERIZAWA a dangerous individual due to the Mito clan's teaching of classical literature and the influence of Tenguto's extremist Sonno joi policy.
- その後も幕府の監視を受け、1793年(寛政5)筑後国久留米の友人森嘉膳宅で自刃する。
- After this he fell under the scrutiny of the bakufu. In 1793, he committed suicide at the residence of his friend, Kazen MORI, in Kurume, Chikugo Province.
- このことからも安芸吉川氏を補佐する役割として宗家からも重要視されていたことが伺える。
- The fact suggests that he was valued by the soke (the head family) as an assistant of the Kikkawa clan in Aki Province.
- しかしながら、石垣の構築と土塁の構築には工事量に差があることを無視している問題がある。
- However, this view has a problem that the fact that there is a difference in the amount of work for construction of stone walls and dorui is ignored.
- 両組合は、賠償請求額を算出するためにそれぞれ独自にたびたび足尾の現地視察などを行った。
- Those two unions often carried out on-the-spot investigation in Ashio to calculate the compensation.
- クビライはその後も何度か日本に使者を出したが全て無視され、最終的に武力侵攻を決定する。
- Kublai continued sending envoys to Japan several times after that, but Japan ignored all of them, and in the end, he decided on a military invasion.
- - 死後、肉体を離れた魂が、遺恨を解くため現世に残り、生前の姿で幽かに可視化したもの。
- Yurei are spirits that have departed from the body but remain in Utsushiyo as they have a grudge about something that happened before death, and they too appear faintly in the form they had during life.
- 今でもおかずを御飯にのせて食べることを行儀作法の点から問題視されることは日本では多い。
- In Japan, even today, it's often considered rude to put a side dish on top of cooked rice and eat it.
- 現行曲は254番と、大蔵流に比べてかなり多く、歌謡を重視した台本や演出に独自性がある。
- The Izumi school currently has a repertoire of 254 pieces, which is a much larger number than that of the Okura school, with its originality coming from scripts and stage effects attaching more importance to songs and ballads.
- 妖怪探訪家・村上健司はこの和尚魚や入亀入道を、ウミガメを妖怪視したものと推測している。
- Kenji MURAKAMI who researches and studies 'yokai' presumes that people figured sea turtles as 'yokai' such as 'oshouo' and 'Irikame nyudo'.
- 当初最も重要視されたのは茶壷であったが、利休の時代には茶入に座を奪われるようになった。
- Tea jars were most valued at first; however, chaire (tea containers) became more important in place of jars in the age of Rikyu.
- 視界は開け、展望も良いが足場は急峻な馬の背状になった箇所も多く、鎖場もあり危険も伴う。
- It has a broad visual field and a great view, but also has many steep horseback-like paths as well as spots with a chain handrail which are dangerous to go.
- 次代の継体天皇以降は実在が確実視されていることから、実在が疑われる最新の天皇でもある。
- The existence of all the emperors after Emperor Keitai, the next Emperor to Emperor Buretsu, is considered to be certain; therefore, Emperor Buretsu is the latest Emperor whose existence is doubted.
- また、中国大返しの際には後詰めとして鹿野城に残留し、毛利氏への牽制・監視役を果たした。
- He remained in Shikano-jo Castle as a rear guard during Chugoku Ogaeshi (Retaliation in Chugoku) in order to warn and watch the Mori clan.
- だが天平宝字元年(757年)3月、道祖王は喪中の不徳な行動が問題視されて廃太子された。
- However, in March 757, Prince Funado was deposed from the Crown Prince for his unethical demeanor during the mourning period of the deceased Shomu Daijo Tenno.
- 義経が後白河天皇から頼朝追討の院宣を受けると、重頼も頼朝から敵対視されるようになった。
- When Yoshitsune was commanded by Emperor Goshirakawa to hunt down and kill Yoritomo, Yoritomo also became antagonistic to Shigeyori.
- 部分日食は必ずしも希な現象ではないことから、日食と卑弥呼の死の関連性は疑問視されている。
- A partial solar eclipse is not entirely uncommon, so the relationship between a solar eclipse and the death of Himiko is easily questioned today.
- 延喜の治(えんぎのち)は、平安時代中期(10世紀前期)の醍醐天皇の治世を理想視した呼称。
- Engi no chi is an idealized name of the reign of Emperor Daigo during the mid-Heian period (during the first half of the 10th century).
- ロス疑惑(三浦和義事件)を担当、日米合同捜査で寺尾正大(元警視庁捜査一課長)と指揮した。
- In the Kazuyoshi MIURA case, he shared command with Masahiro TERAO (former head of crime squad 1 of the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department) in the U.S.-Japanese investigation.
- 第一中隊の安田安中尉が30名の部下とともに出動し、約1カ月間船舶を監視する任務に就いた。
- Lieutenant YASUDA in the First Troop with his 30 subordinates went there to assume the duty of watching ships for about a month.
- 死後、肉体を離れた魂が、怨念から現世に残り、生前の姿で幽かに可視化し、禍をもたらすもの。
- Onryo are spirits that have departed from the body but remain in Utsushiyo to bring catastrophe, appearing faintly in the form they had during life.
- 軍部が天皇直隷を盾に独走・政府無視を続けて、もはや統制できない状況になるケースもあった。
- When the military was running away and ignoring the government using their position of being directly under the Emperor as a shield, the government had trouble regulating them.
- 綱吉は「側近の寵臣以外の意見を軽視し、悪法で民衆を苦しめた」という否定的評価がなされる。
- On one hand, there is the negative assessment that Tsunayoshi 'ignored the opinions of anyone except his close advisors and favorite retainers and burdened the people with evil laws.'
- 明治維新後は、将門は朝廷に戈を向けた朝敵であることが再び問題視され、逆賊として扱われた。
- After the Meiji Restoration, Masakado's antagonization of the Imperial Court and his status were raised as problematic; as a result, he came to be treated as a rebel.
- そのため、岩倉具視・伊藤博文らの反対に遭い、大隈の意見ともども、採択されるに至らなかった。
- Therefore, Tomomi IWAKURA and Hirobumi ITO disagreed with the draft, and neither Japan's national constitution draft nor Okuma's opinion on a constitution was adopted.
- 信長は京都支配を重要視し、村井貞勝を京都所司代として、朝廷に対する交渉や監視を任せている。
- Nobunaga placed importance on the rule of Kyoto, and appointed Sadakatsu MURAI as the Kyoto shoshidai (The Kyoto deputy) for negotiation and surveillance.
- 地球温暖化や砂漠化の進行を考える上で、黄砂の発生頻度の変化は重要な視点の1つとされている。
- It is said that the occurrence frequency of kosa offers an important viewpoint for considering the advance of global warming and desertification.
- 文化面では、ばさらに代表されるように、身分秩序を軽視し華美な振る舞いに走る傾向が見られた。
- In culture, there was the tendency to behave extravagantly, thinking little of social classes or social order, as typically seen in 'Basara.'
- これを、大塩平八郎の乱で神経を尖らせていた幕府目付鳥居耀蔵が敵視し尚歯会に目をつけていた。
- Yozo TORII, the bakufu's metsuke (inspector of foot soldiers), hostilely viewed his opposition and targeted Shoshikai as he had heightened the sensitivity due to Oshio Heihachiro no ran (Rebellion of Oshio Heihachiro).
- これは日本側の勧めによるもので、開化途上にある日本の現状を視察するのが本当の目的であった。
- Japan advised to do so, and the real purpose of the dispatch was to inspect the present state of Japan on the way to civilization.
- (研究者の間では、武功に見合うだけの恩賞を与えられている点から家長説が有力視されている。)
- (Among the researchers, the theory of Ienaga has gained an influential position because of Ienaga's receipt of reward grants in recognition of his military exploits.)
- 鳳凰、不死鳥と同一視されることがあり、インド神話に登場するガルダとの類似も指摘されている。
- It is considered to be of the same thing as the firebird and the phoenix, and some have pointed out the similarities between Suzaku and Garuda, a bird-god who appears in Indian legends.
- 折しも、倒幕派公家の岩倉具視らの画策によって討幕の密勅が下されようとしていたときであった。
- The incident happened just when court nobles of tobakuha (anti-Bakufu, crushing-the-Bakufu faction) including Tomomi IWAKURA schemed the issuance of secret Imperial command of attacking the shogunate.
- ただし、秀吉は南蛮貿易の実利を重視していたため、この時点では大規模な迫害は行われなかった。
- However, since Hideyoshi placed emphasis on the actual profit that he could receive from Japan's trade with Spain and Portugal, a great persecution was not executed at this point.
- 城中皆蘇生した思いで喜んだが、後に山川中佐は作戦を無視した独断専行を譴責されたといわれる。
- The persons in the castle were pleased feeling that they were brought back to life, but it is said that Lieutenant Colonel YAMAKAWA was later reprimanded for the arbitrary decision and execution that ignored the military strategy.
- また、(機能美までに至らない)実用性の重視、ブランドへの無批判な信仰と依存も野暮といえる。
- Also, an emphasis on practicality (which stops short of functional beauty), together with uncritical faith in and dependence on brand can be considered yabo.
- 後に西南戦争等の影響により、警視庁に剣術、柔術等の武術が採用され、絶滅の危機は脱せられた。
- Later, under the influence from the Seinan War, etc., bujutsu such as kenjutsu and jujutsu were adopted by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police, and avoided an extinction crisis.
- 重厚な芸風で謡を重視し、その独特の謡の魅力から「謡宝生(うたいほうしょう)」とも呼ばれる。
- They emphasize Utai (the chanting of a Noh text) in their dignified performance style, and they are also called 'Utai Hosho' (literally, 'chanting Hosho') because of their unique chanting characteristics.
- 寛平の治(かんぴょうのち)は、平安時代中期(9世紀後期)の宇多天皇の治世を理想視した呼称。
- Kanpyo no chi is the name of the rule by Emperor Uda in the mid-Heian Period (late 9th century) which was largely regarded as ideal.
- 乱後、幕府軍の総大将の泰時、時房らは京の六波羅に滞在し、朝廷の監視や西国武士の統率を行う。
- After the rebellion, Yasutoki, Tokifusa, and the other high commanders of the shogunal army stayed at Rokuhara in the capital, keeping watch over the Imperial Court and assuming command of the warriors from the western provinces.
- また、この時既に善統親王は84歳であり、「若宮」と呼ぶべき実子の存在を疑問視する説もある。
- On this occasion, however, Imperial Prince Yoshimune was already 84 years old, and therefore some are skeptical about the hypothesis that he had a biological son called 'Wakamiya' (a young imperial prince).
- また古代甲斐における国衙が八代郡 (甲斐国)であることからも義光の入国は疑問視されている。
- Further, this oral tradition is being questioned in the light of the fact that the kokuga (provincial government office) of Kai Province was located in Yatsushiro-gun (Kai Province) at the time.
- しかし将軍家や守護家の家督相続問題などで宗全と対立し、東軍の総帥として足利義視を推戴した。
- However he opposed Sozen on the issues in succession of the Shogun and Shugo family headship and he sipported Yoshimi ASHIKAGA as a commander of the eastern army.
- 特に巻二から巻四までを充てた「践祚大嘗祭儀」は践祚・大嘗祭儀式の典拠として重要視されている。
- In particular, 'Senso daijosai' stipulated in volume 2 to volume 4 is regarded as important as the authority of the rite of Senso daijosai.
- しかし、この委員の意見はほとんど無視されたため、1964年10月5日、再び押出しが行われた。
- However, his opinions as a member of the council were mostly ignored, therefore on October 5, 1964, the local people carried out Oshidashi again.
- 皇民化教育は特に外地や占領地域においてそれぞれの民族の伝統や文化を無視し、ときには破壊した。
- Japanization education neglected and sometimes destroyed the tradition and culture in foreign parts and occupied areas in particular.
- 薩摩士族兵達の苛烈な白刃突撃や白兵戦を見て、日本軍は白兵戦を重視するに至ったとの意見もある。
- There is an opinion that, seeing the sight that soldiers from warrior class in Satsuma furiously rushed in with swords and waged hand-to-hand fights with swords, the Japanese army became to place importance on hand-to-hand fights.
- それに対して、河内地域では、それらだけにとどまらず、地車囃子や曳き唄なども重要視されている。
- On the other hand, in the Kawachi Region, in addition to these, danjiri bayashi and the hikiuta (song for pulling danjiri) are also considered important.
- 生きている人の強い怨念から、魂の一部が分霊し、その人の姿で幽かに可視化し、禍をもたらすもの。
- Ikiryo are spirits who have had part of their soul separated from their body and bring catastrophe, appearing faintly in the form they had during life.
- 日本初の蒸留所が造られた山崎は経済的な制約があり、より便利な場所に建設することが重視された。
- Yamazaki, where the first distillery in Japan was built, was chosen for the location because the place was more convenient due to the economic limitation to build it.
- 視線:上位の人物が下位の人物に話しかける場合には舞台下手を向き、逆の場合には舞台上手を向く。
- Line of sight: in scenes where an elder character talks to a younger one the storyteller looks to the left of the stage (seen from the audience), and in scenes where a younger character talks to an elder one the storyteller looks to the right of the stage.
- 「たったこれだけのためにわざわざ呼んだのか」と視聴者に感じさせることで笑いを誘う働きもある。
- It also makes the viewers feel that 'the comedians were brought all the way to do only this,' and thus becomes a cause of laughter.
- とはいえ、他の栄養も取ることを視野に入れた食事が取れなくなるほど満腹感を追求することはない。
- But they do not want to get such a feeling of fullness that they can not eat regular meals that supply other nutrients.
- 年長の為平親王が東宮となることが当然視されていたが、実際に東宮になったのは守平親王であった。
- Imperial Prince Tamehira, who was the oldest, was assumed to become the Crown Prince, but in fact, Imperial Prince Morihira became the Crown Prince.
- このため、以後の摂政・関白の任命には上皇(法皇)の意向を無視する事が不可能になってしまった。
- Because of this, after that it became impossible to ignore the wishes of the Retired Emperor (Cloistered Emperor) when appointing someone as regent or chancellor.
- 幕末には朝廷権力の復活を背景に岩倉具視や三条実美など明治維新に功績を残した者を多数輩出した。
- At the end of the Edo period, with the background of a revival of chotei's authority, it produced many important figures, such as Tomomi IWAKURA and Sanemi SANJO who left great achievements during the Meiji Restoration.
- しかし、行列を直視しながらの実況は禁止されていたので、音とスケジュールだけを頼りに実況した。
- However, it was broadcasted based on only the sound and the timetable since to live report facing the parade was forbidden.
- それらを美しく見せる演出法として、歩みの途中で後方に視線を送る姿で描かれたものと考えられる。
- In order to depict her costume most beautifully, Moronobu made her stop to look over her shoulder.
- 同年11月、但馬・生野銀山(兵庫県朝来郡生野町)を視察中に突然卒倒し、そのまま立てずに死去。
- In November of the same year, he fell unconscious suddenly while inspecting Tajima Ikuno Silver Mine (Ikuno town Asago gun Hyogo Prefecture) and died.
- 民意を重視し、検地や徳政を行うための内政事情によって代替わりすることが北条氏の常套であった。
- As the Hojo clan valued the people's opinion, it was common for the clan to change a family head for domestic reasons such as to conduct a land survey or political reforms.
- 開戦後、川路は警視庁警視官で編成された別働第3旅団の旅団長(陸軍少将)として九州を転戦した。
- After the outbreak of Seinan War, KAWAJI fought at various places in Kyushu region as a brigade commander (Army Major General) of Betsudo-Daisan-ryodan (third stand-alone brigade) composed of Keishi-cho commissaries.
- 道真の子孫の地域として岡山県勝央町が例で、高視を含め7代知頼が従五位備中美作守 として赴任。
- Shoo-cho, Okayama Prefecture is typical of the areas that Michizane's descendants lived in, and Takami and the seventh generation descendant, Tomoyori, were appointed Governor of Bitchu and Mimasaka Provinces (both in prresent-day Okayama).
- 伊藤博文をライバル視していたことがよく知られており、以下のようなエピソードが伝えられている。
- It is widely known that Okuma regarded Hirobumi ITO as his rival, and so certain related episodes have been passed down.
- そして、この五大老と五奉行の調整・監視役として堀尾吉晴・中村一氏・生駒親正らが三中老を務めた。
- Yoshiharu HORIO, Kazuuji NAKAMURA and Chikamasa IKOMA worked as 'Sanchuro' (arbitration office) in order to control and supervise 'Gotairo' and 'Gobugyo.'
- 当初は古墳に伴うという時代的特徴が手がかりとなったが、現在では、全国的斉一性が重視されている。
- Initially, occurrence with tumuli was regarded its distinctive historical features, but the emphasis today is on nationwide occurrence.
- また、皇国史観の下、記紀の記述に疑義を呈することはタブー視され、神功皇后の存在も史実とされた。
- Under Kokoku Shikan (emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto), all Japanese shared a common sense that it was taboo to present a doubtful comment about content of the kiki (Kojiki ['A Record of an Ancient Matter'] and Nihonshoki ['Chronicles of Japan']) and that the existence of Empress Jingu was a historical fact.
- 斬と絞の区別は無視され、主犯だけが死刑になり、縁座者への刑は律の規定より軽くなる傾向があった。
- There was a tendency that differentiation between decapitation and hanging were disregarded, and only the principal offenders were killed, while enza convicts had lighter punishment than specified in the ritsu provisions.
- 但し、実情は律令の規定は現実社会とは乖離しつつあり、律令を補なう格式が重視されるようになった。
- In reality, the regulations of the Ritsuryo system were becoming estranged from the real world, and more importance came to be placed on the Kyakushiki, which supplemented the Ritsuryo.
- しかし結局明治10年7月に帰国し、岩倉具視らの説得で婚約を破棄、京都でまた謹慎することになる。
- However, he finally returned to Japan in October 1877 and broke off his engagement by persuasion of Tomomi IWAKURA and others and resulted in confinement to his residence in Kyoto again.
- 慶応元年3月16日(1865年4月11日)、広橋右衛門督を遣わして竣工の状況を視し、奉幣した。
- On April 11, 1865, Hirohashi Uemon-no-kami (Captain of the Right Division of Outer Guards) was sent to the mausoleum, where he confirmed the completion of restoration and offered a heihaku (Shinto offering of hemp cloth, rope, paper etc., to a Shinto shrine deity).
- 明治維新後の明治3年(1870年)、渡欧して普仏戦争を視察するなどドイツやイギリスに留学する。
- In 1870, after the Meiji Restoration, he travelled to Europe to observe the Franco-Prussian War, and further stayed in Germany and Great Britain for studies.
- このようなことから、江戸時代には幕府により、平将門を祭る神田明神は江戸総鎮守として重視された。
- Therefore, during the Edo Period, the Kanda Myojin Shrine, where TAIRA no Masakado was enshrined, was revered as the Edo Sochinju (the center place to pray for local gods) by the Shogunate.
- 虎視眈々と天下を狙う野心家として描かれることが多いが、実際には主君を裏切ったことは一度もない。
- Although he was portrayed to be ambitious aiming to grab supreme power, Yoshitaka never once betrayed his lord.
- 実際に文禄の役の際にも兵站度外視で無闇に戦線拡大する諸将を説得して漢城(ソウル)に集結させた。
- In fact, in the Bunroku-no-eki War he persuaded the feudal lords who had widened battle lines in ignorance of military logistics and let them come together at Hancheng (Seoul).
- 明治24年(1891年)、警視庁を退職し、その後は東京高等師範学校などに警備員として勤務した。
- In 1891, he retired from Keishi-cho and then worked as a security guard at Tokyo Higher Normal School, etc.
- 無論、有能な人材も重視し、安祥・岡崎譜代だけでなく今川氏・武田氏・北条氏の旧臣を多く召抱えた。
- Needless to say, he valued competent persons highly, and employed many former retainers of the Imagawa clan, of the Takeda clan, and of the Hojo clan in addition to those of Fudai retainers in the Ansho and Okazaki areas.
- そして敵軍がわずか7千と圧倒的に劣勢だったため、勝利を楽観視していたのではないかと思われること。
- In addition, they must have been optimistically confident since their enemy forces were extremely small, consisting of only seven thousand soldiers.
- 都市部では、最近の経済発展によるスモッグ(煙霧)との相乗効果で、視程がかなり悪くなることがある。
- When falling in city areas, kosa and smog, generated due to recent economic progress, produce a synergistic effect, sometimes limiting the visibility considerably.
- 朝鮮王朝は倭寇に防備情報が漏れることを恐れており、密貿易のみならず癒着そのものも問題視していた。
- The Korean Dynasty worried about a leakage of their defensive preparations to wako, and they regarded the collusive relationships as a serious problem.
- この明応の政変とは、いわば将軍である足利義稙(足利義視の子)を追放し清晃を将軍としたことだった。
- This Coup of Meio was an action to oust the shogun, Yoshitane ASHIKAGA (a son of Yoshimi ASHIKAGA) and to make Seiko shogun.
- 甲賀の地が信長を経て豊臣秀吉の支配下に入ると、甲賀忍者達は家康の監視活動を主な任務に命じられる。
- When the land of Koka went under control of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI by way of Nobunaga, Koka Ninja began to be ordered a monitoring activity on Ieyasu as main mission.
- これは甲冑をつけたままで飛び込んでも、常に敵を注視することができるようにという工夫であるという。
- This is said to be a measure to be able to gaze steadily at the enemy even when a person dives wearing Kacchu (armor and helmet).
- そのため注視される「どのような態様で破精が生じているか」を破精込み具合(はぜこみぐあい)という。
- The aspect how Haze have appeared,' which is therefore to be watched, is called Hazekomi conditions.
- 現在では儀礼が簡略化され、中日の挨拶などは略されることが多いが、初日と千秋楽は重要視されている。
- Although these formalities especially nakabi's compliment have been simplified these days, importance is still placed on shonichi and senshuraku.
- また、文字の美の追求から実用性を重視する変革がなされ漢字かな交じり文が一般化された時代でもある。
- In addition, more importance was placed on practicability rather than calligraphic beauty of characters, leading to the mixed use of Chinese characters and kana characters that became ordinary.
- 大小の日本文典は、音韻・語彙だけではなく、方言や文法についても言及されているため、重要視される。
- The big and small grammar books of Japanese languages which described not only phoneme and vocabularies but also dialects and grammar gained recognition.
- また、粟田口は逢坂関への入口であり、平安京から近江国を経て東国に至る道の起点として重要視された。
- Awataguchi was an entrance to Osaka no seki (Osaka Barrier, which was one of the barriers of the road system of old Japan) and regarded as a major starting point of the road from Heian-kyo to Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, the term is used in the old days) via Omi Province.
- 一方、後者は、治承三年の政変の際に平氏勢力が従来の国家機構の支配権を掌握したことを重視している。
- On the other hand, the second hypothesis emphasizes the fact that the Taira forces grabbed hold of the control of conventional national organizations upon the coup d'etat in 1179.
- 持統天皇4年(690年)10月29日、高市皇子は多数の官人を引き連れて藤原宮の予定地を視察した。
- On December 8, 690, Prince Takechi made an on-site inspection of the planned construction site for Fujiwara Palace taking many government officials along him.
- そして山城国の淀古城に長慶の監視付きで居城を与えられた氏綱は、1563年に失意のうちに死去した。
- After that, Ujitsuna was given Yodo-kojo Castle in Yamashiro Province but monitored by Nagayoshi, and he died in despair and hopelessness in 1563.
- 信長の施政方針を継承して苛政を敷かず、水運の重視など民生や寺社対策に心を配っていたことが伺える。
- He installed no tyranny and valued the protection of temples and civil administrations including water transport to follow Nobunaga's administrative policy.
- 寛永20年(1643年)11月朔日、池田光仲の領地である因幡国鳥取藩に出かけ、政務の監視をした。
- In early November 1643, he departed on an inspection tour of Mitsunaka IKEDA's Tottori Domain in Inaba Province.
- 肯定的立場からは、事実上の国歌として歌われてきた明治以来の伝統を重視するリベラル寄りの意見がある。
- From the affirmative standpoints, there is an opinion on the liberal side which places importance upon tradition since the Meiji Period to sing as de facto, the national anthem.
- ただし板垣宛の書簡は板垣を説得するための方便に過ぎず、西郷の本意は交渉重視であったとの説もある)。
- However, there's another theory that the letter written for Itagaki was used as an expedient to persuade Itagaki and Saigo's true intention placed the great value on negotiation.
- 例えば井上哲次郎に代表される国家主義者たちは武士道を日本民族の道徳、国民道徳と同一視しようとした。
- For example, nationalists as typified by Tetsujido INOUE tried to identify Bushido as the national morality of Japanese.
- そのため幕府は慶長14年(1609年)に灰吹銀輸出を禁止、慶長銀で決済するよう定め、監視を強めた。
- For this reason, the shogunate banned cupellated silver export in 1609, enforced trade in Keicho silver and strengthened surveillance.
- 家康は12月2日 (旧暦)、茶臼山を、以降は各将の陣を視察し、仕寄(攻城設備)の構築を命じている。
- On December 2 (the old calendar) Ieyasu inspected the Chausu-yama camp, followed by the camp of each general's and ordered them to construct shiyori (faculities for attacking a castle).
- それは小春と心中する為に脇差を携え、店の人々の監視を掻い潜りながらこっそり河庄に来た治兵衛だった。
- A person who did it was Jihe who carried a short sword to commit suicide with Koharu, and came to Kawasho secretly without being spotted by staff at the shop.
- 特に缶コーヒーのような雰囲気が重視される商品の場合、ケミカルな印象がマイナスイメージにもなりえる。
- More especially, in products where the atmosphere is valued as canned coffee, a chemical-like impression may give a negative impression.
- 平成20年(2008年)9月8日、新潟県行幸の折り、被害の大きかった旧山古志村(現長岡市)を視察。
- During the Imperial visit to Niigata Prefecture, he visited former Yamakoshi Village (present Nagaoka City) on September 8, 2008, where was seriously damaged by the earthquake in 2004.
- その後、足利尊氏は武家を軽視する建武政権と袂を分かち、武家の支持を集めながら武家政権設立を目指す。
- Later, Takauji ASHIKAGA broke away from the Kenmu Government which treated Samurai families lightly and aimed at establishing a Samurai government while receiving support from the Samurai families.
- ただし一葉自身は労働に対する蔑視が強く、針仕事や洗い張りはもっぱら母や妹がこなしていたと言われる。
- It is said, however, that Ichiyo herself tended to disdain labor, and that the needlework and araihari were conducted by her mother and younger sister.
- それ以外でも他の大名家などへお預けとなり、厳しい監視の下で蟄居させられる(松平忠直・松平忠輝など)。
- Or, they may have been forced to stay with a different Daimyo family to live under strict surveillance (Tadanao MATSUDAIRA and Tadateru MATSUDAIRA, for example).
- そして、この段階で防ぐことができれば少ない労力で食い止めることが可能だと考えられ、重要視されている。
- Therefore, it is considered important to prevent desertification at this stage, because desertification can be prevented more efficiently at this stage.
- こういった、和歌を国民文学とする意識からすれば、日本においては一般に曲よりも歌詞の方が重要視された。
- Because it is understood that waka is national literature, in Japan in general, the words had importance more so than melody.
- しかし、実証主義には歴史哲学を軽視するという弱点が、唯物史観には教条的になりがちという弱点があった。
- However, positivism-based history has a weak point that it treats philosophy of history lightly, and materialistic view-based history has also a weak point in that it has the tendency of becoming dogmatic.
- 『続日本紀』によると、720年(養老4年)渡嶋津軽津司諸鞍男を風俗視察のため靺鞨国に派遣したとある。
- According to 'Shoku Nihongi' (an imperially commissioned Japanese history text), MORO no Kurao, a Watarishima Tsugaru no tsu no tsukasa (official), was dispatched in 720 to take surveys on the local customs in Makkatsu (Mohe (or Malgal, Mogher), a Tungusic people in ancient Manchuria) Province.
- 明治時代に入っても、依然として馬による輸送が重視されて「陸運会社」の結成が新政府によって奨励された。
- Even as it became the Meiji period, transportation by horses was still valued, and an establishment of a 'land transportation company' was encouraged by the new government.
- そして、『玉葉』は1~2千騎という源氏の兵力は無視して、数万騎という平氏の兵力のみを採ることになる。
- And they adopt several tens of thousands for the Taira clan, ignoring 'Gyokuyo,' which describes the cavalry number of Minamoto clan as one to two thousand.
- 流通通酒はその技術を基にしながらも日常の使用に即したコストパフォーマンスを重視して造った商品である。
- On the other hand, ryutsushu is equivalent to a marchandise made by regarding the cost performance as important for daiy use, even though it is based on its slills.
- 剣道も「しない競技」と名前を変え競技性をより重視するようになり、伝統的な剣術との違いが大きくなった。
- Kendo was renamed 'shinai game', its nature changed to a kind of sport and the difference from traditional Kenjutsu grew larger.
- 「能の本を書く事、この道の命なり」(『風姿花伝』)と述べたように、世阿弥は作能を極めて重視している。
- As Zeami said 'Writing Noh book is the life of Noh.' in 'Fushikaden,' Zeami put great importance on writing Noh.
- 吉野晴夫は否定したが、市議会がこれを問題視し、7月に教育委員人事を否決するなど、市政が混乱している。
- Haruo YOSHINO denied it, however, the city assembly saw it as a problem, and rejected the personal affairs of educational board members in July, which resulted in a confusion of the municipal government.
- その後、足利方に身柄を預けられて鎌倉へ送られ、鎌倉将軍府にあった尊氏の弟足利直義の監視下に置かれる。
- After that, he was taken in by the ASHIKAGA side and was transferred to Kamakura, and placed under the supervision of Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA, Takauji's younger brother.
- 明治天皇の元で岩倉具視は右大臣を務め、堀河康隆も引き続き侍従を務めるなど、宮中において重きをなした。
- The members of the family played the central roles at the Imperial Court of Emperor Meiji: Tomomi IWAKURA became Udaijin (minister of the right) and Yasutaka HORIKAWA held Jiju.
- 嘉永6年(1853年)にマシュー・ペリーが浦賀に来航した時も、象山は視察として浦賀の地を訪れている。
- When Mathew Perry's Ships entered the harbor of Uraga in 1853, Shozan went to Uraga for inspection.
- 以上は『官武通記』による記録であるが、実行犯については異説があり、以蔵の加担を疑問視する向きもある。
- What is described above were recorded in 'Kanbu Tsuki' (Records on civilian and military men), but there were different opinions regarding the criminals, and Izo's involvement was being questioned.
- この模様が全国に生中継されてしまった日本国内では、アメリカ側の選曲を問題視する声が一部で出たという。
- The program was broadcast all over Japan, and some Japanese people thought that the two songs chosen by NBC were a technical problem.
- 義政や義視より年上であるが弟とされているのは、義政・義視の母親が幕府で権勢を誇っていた日野家だった。
- He was older than Yoshimasa and Yoshimi, but positioned as a younger brother because mother of Yoshimasa and Yoshimi was from the Hino family which seized the reins of power in the bakufu.
- 日本では、気象庁により、黄砂とは大陸性の土壌粒子によって視程が10km以下になる現象と定義されている。
- In Japan, the Meteorological Agency defines kosa as the phenomenon in which visibility is reduced to less than 10 km due to soil particles originating on the continent.
- 政治制度として天皇制を重視した大日本帝国憲法下の日本政府は大逆罪を重罪とし、死刑・極刑をもって臨んだ。
- The Japanese government, putting a great importance on the Emperor system to govern the nation under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, treated high treason as a felony and punished offenders capitally.
- 司令長官:川路利良陸軍少将兼警視庁警視総監・大山巌陸軍少将(6月28日(別働第五旅団司令長官兼任)-)
- Commander in Chief: Toshiyoshi KAWAJI, Major General of the Imperial Army and the Superintendent-General of the Metropolitan Police Department, and Iwao OYAMA, Major General of the Imperial Army (June 28 (concurrently served as Commander in Chief of the detached 5th brigade)-)
- 今では主食として広く親しまれているが、当初は間食としての普及を視野に入れて開発されたという経緯がある。
- It has attracted widespread popularity as a staple food, but initially it was developed in perspective of spreading as a between-meal snack.
- ぼたもちと同一視されることもあるが、中身が完全な餅であるという点でそれらとは区別されていることが多い。
- Sometimes Ankoromochi is regarded in the same light as Botamochi (rice ball coated with sweetened red beans, soybean flour or sesame), but can normally be differentiated as its contents is rice cake.
- 1467年9月27日(応仁元年8月29日)、突然、義視が東軍を出奔して伊勢国の北畠教具の元に身をおく。
- On September 27, 1467, Yoshimi suddenly ran away from the Eastern camp and took refuge with Noritomo KITABATAKE of Ise Province.
- これに対し討幕派(薩摩藩・長州藩や岩倉具視らの一部公家)は、政治上の劣勢を挽回すべくクーデターを計画。
- In response, the anti-Shogunate group (the Satsuma and Choshu Domains, and some of the court nobles such as Tomomi IWAKURA) plotted a coup to overcome the political weakness.
- 家臣団の衆議・意向を無視あるいは軽視した主君は、廃立の憂き目に遭い、世間から下剋上と評されたのである。
- The lords who ignored--or worse yet, despised--the will and inclination of their group of retainers were likely to experience the misery of being deposed and replaced, and judged a fitting target for gekokujo by society.
- よって、河内国太秦は古くから本拠地として重視していたが、6世紀ごろには山背国太秦に移ったと考えられる。
- Thus, while Uzumasa in Kawachi province was initially an important base for the family, around the sixth century, the family probably moved to Uzumasa in Yamashiro Province.
- 高視の曾孫・道真五世の孫が菅原孝標で、その娘菅原孝標女(『更級日記』の作者)は道真の六世の孫に当たる。
- The great-grandchild of Takami, and fifth generation descendant of Michizane, was SUGAWARA no Takasue and his daughter, SUGAWARA no Takasue no musume, the author of 'Sarashina Nikki' (The Sarashina Diary), was the sixth generation descendant of Michizane.
- 江戸時代には、人日(一月七日)、上巳、端午、七夕、重陽を江戸幕府が式日として定め、五節句として重視した。
- The Edo bakufu designated Jinjitsu (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the seventh of January), Joshi (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the third of March), Tango (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the fifth of May), Tanabata (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the seventh of July) and Choyo (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the ninth of September) as the days of celebration and emphasized them by calling Gosekku.
- 濃度が高い場合、視界が悪くなるために航空機の飛行や車の通行、鉄道の運行、人の歩行に障害を及ぼしたりする。
- Deteriorating visibility, high-density kosa sometimes obstructs flights of airplanes, traffic of vehicles, railway operations and the walking of human beings.
- むしろ、下克上やより利害を違えた場合、鞍替えすることが当然視されるに及んでより顕著となったといってよい。
- Rather, it was even more apparent when vassals began changing masters in the event of a serious conflict of interest and Gekokujo (a revolt of vassals against their lords) became a matter of course.
- しかし、後任国司の中にはこのような先例を無視して、規定通りの若しくは規定以上のの租税収取を行う者もいた。
- Among the successors of such kokushi, however, some ignored the precedent agreements and collected the regular or an even greater amount of land tax.
- こうした社会状況を受けて、9世紀前期(藤原冬嗣執政期)から土地課税を重視する傾向が次第に強まっていった。
- In response to these social conditions, since the early part of the ninth century (during the period of administration of FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu), there was a growing tendency to put emphasize on the tax on land.
- 彼は朱子の理気二元論に異を唱え、理と気は一体不可分であるとし、また「知行合一」を称揚して実践を重視した。
- Cheng Chatoo (Hagok) objected to the dualism of ri and ki advocated by Zhu Xi, instead preaching that ri and ki are inseparable and, extolling 'chigyo goitsu', placed a strong emphasis on practice.
- この考えはやがて外的権威である経書、ひいては現実政治における権威の軽視にまでいたる危険性をはらんでいた。
- This idea carried the danger that the Classics, which were the external authority, and even the authority of the real government, would become ignored.
- 舞台演劇としては、三者三様のいでたちで盗賊として活躍するさまが、高い視覚的効果をあげていると評価される。
- As a stage performance, the way three robbers behave and act differently is highly evaluated for its visual effect.
- 810年代のうちは右大臣藤原園人主導のもと、有力貴族・寺社を抑制し貧民救済を重視する政策がとられていた。
- During 810's, Udaijin (minister of the right), FUJIWARA no Sonohito took the initiative in policies that controlled powerful peerage and temples, shrines, and focused on relief of the poor.
- しかし天皇の意志に背くことは出来ずに爵位を受けたが、この時には華族制度を疑問視する意見書を提出している。
- Since being unable to renegade the emperor's will, he finally accepted the offer of the peerage, however, at the same time, he submitted a paper opposing the kazoku system.
- 警視廰劍道審判規定(昭和8年(1933年)、昭和9年(1934年)改定)第8條 試合中左ノ事項ヲ禁止ス。
- Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department kendo refereeing rules (established in 1933, and revised in 1934): Article 8. Fencers shall not do things listed in the following sections;
- 南北朝合一を達成して将軍権力を確立した義満が、了俊の九州における勢力拡大や独自の外交権を危険視していた。
- Yoshimitsu accomplished the unification of the Northern and Southern Courts and gained power of the shogun, but he considered Ryoshun's force and diplomatic right dangerous.
- ところが秀忠は家康の命令を無視して11月2日には名古屋、5日には彦根にまで到着するという強行軍を続けた。
- However, Hidetada, in disregard of the Ieyasu's order, continued to go on a forced march arriving at Nagoya on November 2 and Hikone on November 5.
- 慶安3年(1650年)閏10月17日、細川綱利が幼いため、その領地肥後国熊本藩に出かけ、政務を監視した。
- As Tsunatoshi HOSOKAWA was still a child, he departed on December 10, 1650, on an inspection tour of Tsunatoshi's domain and oversaw the affairs of the Kumamoto Domain in Higo Province.
- 日本美術は、広い視野で見れば、アジア美術の一環であり、インド、中国を含む仏教圏の美術と見なすこともできる。
- From a broader perspective, Japanese art is deemed a part of Asian art, and it can also be deemed a part of the art of Buddhist countries, which includes India and China.
- 公営田の導入は、人別課税を基本とした律令制支配から土地課税を重視した支配への転換を示す最初期の例であった。
- The introduction of Kueiden was one example of the early changes in which the Ritsuryo system, the individual-based ruling system, turned into a land-based ruling system.
- 足尾鉱毒事件に関しては、主に被害者側の視点での記述が多いが、中立性を確保するため、古河側の主張も併記する。
- Regarding Ashio Mining Pollution, many articles have been written from the view of the victims, however, in order to gain impartiality, arguments that Furukawa made should be introduced.
- 同年12月25日、衆議院で内閣不信任案が上程されて可決が確実視されると、松方は直ちに衆議院解散を断行する。
- On December 25 of the same year, when non-confidence motion against the Cabinet was submitted to the House of Representatives and assured to pass, MATSUKATA immediately carried out dissolution of the House of Representatives.
- そのため、実質を重視する商人にとって名目貨幣は受け入れ難く、含有銀量をもって取引しようとするものであった。
- So for business people, to whom value was important, nominal money was something hard to accept and they wanted to trade on the basis of silver content.
- 1937年に盧溝橋事件が発生すると日本の戦争推進のための資源供給基地として台湾が重要視されることとなった。
- When the Marco Polo Bridge Incident occurred in 1937, Taiwan was regarded as an important resource supply base for Japan to develop the war.
- 会話の部分において、こうして視線を切り替えることが、登場人物を仕分けて聴衆に印象付ける効果的な手法となる。
- Within a dialog such a switch of the line of sight effectively conveys to the audience differences between the characters.
- これはこの時代からすでに、妖怪を研究しながらも、その妖怪の実在性を疑問視していた人がいたことを示している。
- It shows that during this period, there were already people who studied yokai yet questioned their actual existence.
- 「大物」とは実は地位ではなく体格のことであったなどのように視聴者に勘違いをさせたりといったパターンがある。
- Or, in another pattern the personality is a physically big person, meaning the audiences were misled by the comment.
- 「目星をつける」とは目視して中心となる事物を判別することで、標的の「星」を目視・確認する動作から来ている。
- The expression 'meboshi wo tsukeru' refers to a determination of the central object by visual inspection and it comes from the action of visually inspecting and confirming the target 'hoshi.'
- 史実を無視した荒唐無稽な作り話を「張扇の音と一緒に叩き出した」「張扇の音がする」などというのは、このため。
- Because of this, the saying that an improbable story which ignores historical facts 'was knocked out by the sound of a Hari-sen,' or 'sounded Hari-sen,' etc. came about.
- 妖怪の鳴釜はこの伝説をもとに、温羅を釜の付喪神として描いたものだといい、釜を妖怪視して描いたとの説もある。
- Some say that the specter Narikama is this Ura portrayed as a tsukumogami of a kama based on the legend, thus depicting the kama as a specter.
- 同時に、このころから緑内障のために徐々に視力が衰え、最晩年には失明状態に陥ったが、生涯舞台に立ちつづけた。
- At this time his eyesight was gradually weakening due to glaucoma and he lost his eyesight in his last days, but he continued to act on the stage until the last day of his life.
- 続いて同年10月17日には、天皇が皇国一体・東西同視のもと内外の政を自ら裁決することを宣言する詔を発した。
- Then on October 17, the emperor declared that he, himself, would decide the total government for the imperial country about to be unified, and east and west to be identified.
- 直弼の対応に憤った孝明天皇は、戊午の密勅を水戸藩に下し、武家の秩序を無視して大名に井伊の排斥を呼びかける。
- Enraged by Naosuke's policies, Emperor Komei issued Bogo no Micchoku (a secret imperial decree) to the Mito Domain and called for the II's expulsion, disregarding the order of samurai families.
- 1948年に厚生省所管の厚生施設として下賜され、現在の跡地は国立塩原視力障害センターとして利用されている。
- In 1948, the villa was granted as an Imperial gift for a welfare facility of Ministry of Health and Welfare, and presently the site is used as National Shiobara Visual Disabilities Institution.
- 大坂の陣後に江戸幕府が禁中並公家諸法度を施行すると、朝廷がその実施を怠りなく行うよう指導と監視に当たった。
- When the Edo bakufu implemented Kinchu narabi ni kuge shohatto (Acts Governing the Imperial Court and Nobility) following the Siege of Osaka, Katsushige directed and monitored implementation of the ordinances by the Imperial Court to ensure that the laws were not being ignored.
- 元は朝廷との連絡調整が任務だったが、承久の乱以後の六波羅探題は、朝廷の監視・西国御家人の統率が任務となった。
- Was originally in charge of communication and adjustment with Imperial Court, but after the Jokyu War, Rokuhara Tandai came to monitor Imperial Court and control Saigoku gokenin.
- こういった背景から、現在のところ、砂漠化防止のため、砂漠緑化と農業の改良を中心とした対策が重要視されている。
- Based on these backgrounds, so far it is considered important, to prevent desertification, to take measures centered on planting tress in deserts and improving farming methods.
- なお、1884年の華族令で華族に爵位が導入された際、岩倉具視らを中心に士族の爵位を創設することも検討された。
- In 1884 when a title was introduced to the peerage, Tomomi IWAKURA and others considered establishing a title for the warrior class.
- 両治世を聖代視する考えは、早くも10世紀後半には現れており、11世紀前葉~中葉ごろの貴族社会に広く浸透した。
- This elevated view became apparent as early as the late 10th century and it became prevalent in all parts of noble society in around the first half to the middle of the 11th century.
- さらに、天智の改革においては地方豪族(特に東国)を軽視したために地方豪族の間で不平が高まったと見られている。
- Furthermore, in the reform by Emperor Tenchi, it is thought that complaints were growing between the local ruling families (especially Togoku) because they were disregarded.
- これらの埴輪は、古墳の各段や墳頂、造出しなどに列状に並べられ、畏怖的・視覚的な効果を狙ったものと考えられる。
- These Haniwa were displayed in a line on each step of tumulus, on the mound top and the funeral ritual site of the tumulus, giving visual effect and awe.
- 明治以後も三府が設置され、市制成立後も暫くは市制特例が敷かれるなど、長きに渡って重要視されていくこととなる。
- In the Meiji period they were designated as Sampu (Three Urban Prefectures), and even after the city system was established, these three cities enjoyed an exceptional treatment for quite a while, and thus, they maintained the highly valued status over long period of time.
- 城下町において武家地、町人地とならぶ要素は寺社地であるが、江戸では寺社の配置に風水の思想が重視されたという。
- Among the elements that constitute castletowns, the significance of jisha-chi (lands for temples and shrines) was on par with the bukechi (lands for samurai) and Choninchi (lands for townspeople), but it is said that geomancy also dicated the location of temples and shrines during the Edo period.
- しかし、マルチカム方式で撮影されている本作品ではクレジットされていないものの、斉藤孝雄の貢献も無視できない。
- However, the contribution of Takao SAITO cannot be overlooked even though his name was not included in the credit titles of the multicam method version of the film.
- 式神とは陰陽師といわれる神職が、人の悪行や善行を監視するために、神域から呼び出し使役した妖怪(鬼神)である。
- Shikigami is a yokai (kijin, demon) that is called upon from the sacred realm and used by onmyoji, a sacred ritual performer, in order to monitor people's evil and good deeds.
- 視覚的な面白さもさることながら、多版刷りの技術も工夫を重ねて風景浮世絵としての完成度は随一ともいわれている。
- Not only is it visually interesting, it also makes use of creative method of multiple printing, and it is said that as ukiyoe of sceneries the degree of perfection is unmatched.
- 特にフィリピンのルソン経由でもたらされたものを「呂宋」(るそん)と呼んでおり、茶壷の中でも重要視されている。
- Especially those that came via Luzon, Philippines, are called 'Luzon' and are much emphasized in chatsubo.
- 具体的には、天皇主権より統治大権を重視し君主であっても『憲法ノ條規(議会)』に行動が制限される解釈と云える。
- Concretely, it is interpreted that they attach more importance to governing right than to imperial sovereignty and even a monarch's actions are limited by 'the articles of the constitution (diet).'
- 特に、明治維新から戦中までの期間には、国家公認の史観として重視され、大日本帝国憲法第1条にも記載されていた。
- Especially during the times from the Meiji Restoration to wartime, the Japanese government officially emphasized this historical view and stated this in the Article 1 of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 朝廷の威信は文字どおり地に落ち、幕府は朝廷監視のために六波羅探題を置き、朝廷に対する支配力を強めることとなる。
- The prestige of the Imperial Court was in tatters and the bakufu appointed Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) to monitor the Imperial Court and strengthened its governance over the Imperial Court.
- また、黄砂に吸着されて運ばれるさまざまな物質のうち、有毒な物質による生物への被害や環境汚染が問題視されている。
- Various substances are stuck to kosa and are carried with the kosa, but the damage and environmental pollution caused by harmful substances of them are considered constituting a problem.
- また朝鮮国内における通交者の滞在費・交易品の輸送も朝鮮側が担っており、こうした負担も無視出来ないものであった。
- Korea had to pay for the living expenses of traders during their stay in Korea and the transportation expenses of commodities, and these financial burdens were too heavy to be ignored.
- 医学のみならず、平安・鎌倉時代の送りカナ・ヲコト点がついているため、国語学史・書道史上からも重要視されている。
- Not only in medicine but also in Japanese historical linguistics and calligraphy it has been regarded as highly important, since it includes declensional kana endings and reading guides in the Heian and Kamakura periods.
- このため、一ノ谷という攻略地点を重視して桑田忠親國學院大學教授などは戦況や史料の断片的な記録から判断している。
- Because of this, Tadachika KUWATA, a professor at Kokugakuin University and other scholars had taken serious consideration in the Ichinotani incident, and concludes the location from the war's situation and the fragmented written records contained within historical materials.
- その鏡面には邪(よこしま)な雰囲気を漂わせつつ舌を出してこちらに視線をくれる化け物の顔面が浮かび上がっている。
- And in the mirror is the face of an evil-looking ghost staring at us with its tongue out.
- 「鬼平犯科帳」は奉行ものであるが、勧善懲悪よりもドラマ性や風俗描写を重視しており、下記の文芸ものの要素が高い。
- Onihe Hankacho' (Onihei's records of criminal incidents) is a magistrate story, but has elements of a literary drama and rather than the principle of rewarding good and punishing evil, pays greater attention to the storyline and the description of people's lifestyles at the time.
- その後、しばらく伊勢国に滞在した義視は、勝元や義政に説得されて東軍に帰陣するが、再度出奔して比叡山にのぼった。
- After staying for some time in Ise Province, Yoshimi was persuaded by Katsumoto and Yoshimasa into returning to the Eastern camp, but he ran away again and went to Hiei-zan temple.
- 美福門院は、鳥羽法皇から荘園の大半を相続して最大の荘園領主となっており、その意向を無視することはできなかった。
- Bifukumonin had inherited from Cloistered Emperor Toba the most share of his shoen, making her a major landholder of the day and rendering Shinzei's ideas on shoen too threatening to ignore.
- その後も異母兄である後白河天皇の院政を影から支えており、平清盛でさえも彼女の動向を無視することは出来なかった。
- After that she continuously supported the Emperor Goshirakawa's cloistered government, it is said even TAIRA no Kiyomori could not ignore her existence.
- 当初、政宗はその布令を無視して領土拡大を進めたが、1590年に秀吉が後北条氏を攻撃するのをみてこれに服属した。
- At the beginning, Masamune ignored the edicts and proceeded with his territory expansion policy, but later decided to obey Hideyoshi in 1590 when he saw Hideyoshi attacked the Gohojo clan for ignoring the edicts.
- 明治維新後の華族令では原則伯爵に叙せられた(ただし、右大臣岩倉具視の子孫である岩倉家は特に公爵を授けられた)。
- According to the ordinance on nobles after the Meiji Restoration, the Urin Family was ranked in principle as a count (but the Iwakura Family, the descendant of Minister of the Right Tomomi IWAKURA, was specially offered the title of a prince).
- 応挙の画風上の特色として第一に挙げるべきことは近世の日本の画家のなかでも際立って「写生」を重視したことである。
- The most prominent feature of Okyo's painting style is his emphasis on sketching especially among early modern Japanese painters.
- しかしながら、豊臣氏の権威や脅威が無視できないものであることを改めて家康が実感することになったとの見解もある。
- However, there is also the viewpoint that Ieyasu really felt that the authority and threat of the Toyotomi clan could not be ignored.
- これに反対していた後白河上皇が1192年に死去すると、源頼朝は武家政権の始祖として武士に神聖視されることとなる。
- After Retired Emperor Go-Shirakawa, who had opposed this, died in 1192, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo came to be deified by samurai as the originator of a samurai government.
- 以降と言いながら、時代を遡ってしまうが、1972年の段階で、既に「より総合的な視点が」という指摘はなされていた。
- The title indicates the trend after the theory, but it should be noted that even in 1972 before the theory was out, there was indication among scholars that 'more comprehensive view' was needed.
- 1882年8月山県有朋は煙草税増税分による軍備拡張を、9月岩倉具視は清を仮想敵国とする海軍軍拡と増税を建議した。
- Aritomo YAMAGATA proposed building up the military forces by increasing the tax on cigarettes in August 1882, and Tomomi IWAKURA proposed to increase taxes to build up the Navy, setting up Qing as an imaginary enemy.
- 今谷明は、足利義満が明に「日本国王」に冊封されたことを重視して、以降の義満の御教書を「国王御教書」と呼んでいる。
- In emphasis of the fact that Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA was conferred the title of 'King of Japan' by the Emperor of Ming, Akira IMATANI called Yoshimitsu's Migyosho 'Migyosho of a King.'
- その後、甲賀の地が織田信長を経て豊臣秀吉の支配下に入ると、甲賀武士達は徳川家康の監視活動を主な任務に命じられる。
- After the Koka region fell under the control of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI from Nobunaga ODA, the Koga warriors were mainly missioned to spy on Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- そうした中、赦免されたばかりの岩倉具視らが参内し、御所内学問所において明治天皇が「王政復古の大号令」を発令した。
- Despite this, the recently pardoned Tomomi IWAKURA and others entered the Palace, and Emperor Meiji issued the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule in the Palace's the study room.
- 陽明学に反感を持つ朱子学者や日本では誤解され実践重視論として理解されたが、これは本来の意味からずれた理解である。
- This idea has been mistaken by Shushigaku scholars who oppose Yomei-gaku and by Japanese people for the idea of emphasizing practice, which is different from its original meaning.
- たとえば、ファッション性を重視する電子機器では、ボタン類をあえてわかりにくいように小さくデザインすることがある。
- For example, electronic devices which put emphasis on fashion are sometimes designed with buttons so small so that people can't find them easily.
- 回虫が腹にいることによる異常な空腹感や、虫下しを飲んで肛門から排泄された回虫の死骸を妖怪視したものとされている。
- Abnormal hunger caused by a roundworm inside, and the body of a dead roundworm excreted from anus with vermifuge were allegedly attributed to a yokai (an imaginary weird creature).
- さらに小間の茶が追求される中で(わび茶参照)、書院に適した格式の高い茄子よりも、肩衝が重要視されるようになった。
- Furthermore, as tea ceremonies in small tearooms were favored (see 'wabi-cha'), more importance was placed on Katatsuki than on Nasu, which was prestigious and suitable for Shoin (reception room).
- また、北朝が優勢な期間が長く、最終的に北朝に統一されたことを重視して「北南朝時代」の用語を提唱する者も存在する。
- Moreover, there were also some who advocated changing the term to 'Hoku Southern period' to emphasize the fact that the Northern Court's period of predominance had been longer than the Southern Court's, and that in the end the Southern Court was unified into the Northern Court, not the other way around.
- 義仲は親しかった俊尭僧正を介して北陸宮を皇位継承者にすべきと後白河天皇に推挙したが、法皇からは完全に無視された。
- Yoshinaka suggested Emperor Goshirakawa, through his close friend, a high-ranking Buddhist priest Shungyo, for Hokurokunomiya to succeed the throne, but this suggestion was totally ignored by the Cloistered Emperor.
- 武田氏館など考古学的な発掘調査も進み、信玄期以外にも前代の信虎期や後代の勝頼期へも視点が向けられるようになった。
- After the archaeological excavation of Takeda-uji yakata (residence of the Yoshikiyo TAKEDA) was conducted, research that focused on the Nobutora era, prior to the Shingen era, as well as on the Katsuyori era, which was posterior to Shingen era, made progress.
- 視察を終えて帰国した大山は真っ先に西郷家へ駆けつけ、弔辞を述べるとともに、従理の最期の模様を従道と清子へ語った。
- When OYAMA finished the inspection tour and came back to Japan, he visited the SAIGO family right away to express his condolences and tell Juri's last moment to Judo and Kiyoko.
- しかし、剛勇で知られた義親が、それまでさしたる武功のなかった正盛に簡単に討たれたことは当時から疑問視されていた。
- People did not believe Yoshichika's death because he was known as a strong man and did not seem to be killed by Masamori, who had no significant military exploits.
- 重盛は成親を、後白河に対する交渉窓口・パイプ役として重視し、後白河法皇に平氏の要望を取り次ぐ役割を期待していた。
- Shigemori valued Narichika as a negotiator and a connection to Goshirakawa and expected him to inform the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa of the requests of the Taira clan.
- 明治4年(1871年)には特命全権大使として、木戸孝允らを率いて岩倉使節団を組織し、欧米の文化・制度を視察した。
- In 1871, he established the Iwakura shisetsudan (Iwakura Mission) as a Tokumei-zenken-taishi (extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador) together with Takayoshi KIDO and others, and studied foreign cultures and systems.
- 義政は日朝貿易権の統制を重要視しており、牙符を極秘裡に私蔵し在京有力守護に対しても王城大臣使の派遣を許さなかった。
- Yoshimasa regarded controlling over the right of Japan-Korea trade as important such that he secretly owned Gafu and did not allow even the influential shugo (military governor) living in the capital to dispatch the Ojo-daijin envoy.
- 吉岡流の他、鞍馬流、中条流などが京八流に源流を持つとされるが、あくまで伝説上の剣術であり、実在が疑問視されている。
- Besides the Yoshiokaryu-school, the Kuramaryu-school, Nakajoryu-school and some others are said to originate from the Kyohachiryu-school, but it does not go beyond being a legendary school of swordsmanship and there are doubts as to whether it actually existed.
- しかし、後世の人々によって、延喜・天暦期の聖代視は意識的に喧伝されていき、平安後期には理想の政治像として定着した。
- However, the Engi and Tenryaku eras were consciously trumpeted by people of succeeding generations and they were firmly fixed as an ideal politic symbol in the latter half of the Heian period.
- 慶長11年(1606年)駿河国駿府藩4万石の内藤信成が4万石を与えられ、豊臣氏の動静を監視するため転封し立藩した。
- In 1606, Nobunari NAITO with 40,000 koku in the domain of Sunpu in Suruga Province transferred to another territory to watch Toyotomi clan's movements provided with 40,000 koku, and established the domain.
- 蝦夷(えみし、えびす、えぞ)は、日本列島の東方、北方に住み、日本人によって異族視されていた人々に対する呼称である。
- Ezo (also referred to as 'Emishi' or 'Ebisu') is an appellation for the people who once lived in the eastern and northern areas of what is now Japan, and who were considered by the Japanese to belong to a different ethnic group.
- 試合前に礼を行うなど、礼を重視しているにもかかわらず、礼節を欠いた議論が多いことは目を背けてはならない事実だろう。
- During the games many arguments lacking sense of propriety arise, even though Kyogi Karuta greatly emphasizes propriety including the bows before the game; this fact should not be ignored.
- 北辰一刀流剣術・神道無念流剣術・心形刀流・鏡心明智流・天然理心流剣術等、新興の試合稽古重視の流派が各地に誕生した。
- Schools which placed emphasis on training matches, such as Hokushin Itto-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinto Munen-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinkageto-ryu School, Kyoshin Meichi-ryu School and Tennen Rishin-ryu Kenjutsu, were established in various places.
- 中華人民共和国、大韓民国、台湾、ベトナムなどでは、新暦の正月よりも旧正月の方が重視され、お年玉もこの日に渡される。
- In countries such as the People's Republic of China, Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam, the old new year is more important than the new year of the new calendar and the new year's gift money is presented on this day.
- また、白川上流の東山 (京都府)を越える京都府道・滋賀県道30号下鴨大津線もこれを補完する経路として重要視された。
- Also regarded as an important path to complement the road was Shimogamo-Otsu Line of Kyoto prefectural road and Shiga prefectural road No. 30, which crossed over Higashiyama (Kyoto Prefecture) in the upstream area of Shira-kawa River.
- 昭和天皇、今上天皇は祭祀が近づくと、正座してテレビを視聴するなど、意識的に長時間正座することを心がけているという。
- It is said that as a ritual approached, Emperor Showa intentionally sat in the seiza style for a long time, for example when he watched TV, and the present Empeor does the same thing.
- 幕末から明治時代にかけての当主岩倉具視は、明治維新の功績によって太政大臣(首相)三条実美に次ぐ右大臣に任じられた。
- Thanks to his contribution to the Meiji Restoration, Tomomi IWAKURA, who headed the family during a transitional period from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period, was appointed as Minister of the Right, the second highest position following Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister, today's equivalent of the prime minister) Sanetomi SANJO.
- 経久方針は、権威や情に絡んだ物による国人衆の統制であり、集団利権に絡んだ個々の独立性を重視したものだったのである。
- The management policy of Tsunehisa featured how to control Kokujin-shu through power and emotions, and also put an importance on independence of each family entangled with vested interests of a bigger group.
- 激戦となった3月の田原坂の戦いでは警視隊から選抜された抜刀隊が活躍して薩摩軍を退け、5月には大口攻略戦に参加した。
- His drawn sword squad, the best of swordsmen picked up from commissaries, played an active part in defeating the Satsuma Army in a fierce battle at Tabaruzaka and he participated in the battle for capturing Okuchi in May.
- その一方で、江戸幕府の朱印状を得てシャム(現在のタイ王国)と交易を行なうなど、世界に視野を広げた実業家でもあった。
- On the other hand, he was also a businessman with a global perspective, having trade with Siam (present Kingdom of Thailand), with Shuinjo (a shogunal license for foreign trade) of the Edo Shogunate.
- こうした武蔵衆の動きを危険視した義朝の子・源義平は、久寿2年(1155年)に義賢を急襲してこれを討ち取ってしまう。
- Alarmed by such movements of the Musashi people, MINAMOTO no Yoshihira, son of Yoshitomo raided and killed Yoshitaka in 1155.
- 古典『太平記』によれば、直義の猶子である直冬の凱旋に対して、足利家家中から冷ややかな視線が存在したと記されている。
- The Japanese historical account, 'Taihei-ki' (The Record of the Great Peace) recounts that the triumphal return of Tadafuyu, who was the adopted son of Tadayoshi, was looked upon coldly by the followers of the ASHIKAGA family.
- このため明国官憲の監視が及ばず、中国商船は合法的に来航できる東南アジア諸港で日本船との出会い貿易が行われたのである。
- As a result, Chinese trading ships met and traded with Japanese ships in ports at Southeast Asia where they could travel legally and outside the watchful eyes of the government authorities of the Ming Dynasty.
- 岩倉具視を中心とする勢力は、明治十四年の政変によって大隈重信を罷免し、その直後に御前会議を開いて国会開設を決定した。
- A group led by Tomomi IWAKURA dismissed Shigenobu OKUMA during the political upheaval in 1881, and immediately after that, they held a conference in the presence of the emperor and decided the establishment of a national diet.
- 本法度は、将軍直令による制定・面令による幕府法で最重要視されており、大名統制のための命令・禁止の規範が大半をしめる。
- The code was seen as the most important Bakufu Law as it was created by the enactment of the shogun's direct order, and mainly consisted of codes of order and prohibition for regulating daimyo.
- しかし、源氏嫡流意識なるものは、この頼朝が武家の中での自己と自家の地位を特別視するために作り出したたものともいえる。
- However, it can be said that this idea of the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan was created by Yoritomo in order to distinguish his status as well as his family status within the samurai families.
- また前屈姿勢で料理が視界に入らないことから料理をこぼす場合もあるため、これも「もったいない」として問題に挙げられた。
- Also, when eating in a stooped position, foods didn't come into sight and they sometimes spilled them, therefore, this was also seen as a problem, 'mottainai' (That's a waste).
- この傾向は同じく脇の仕手を勤めた子長俊にも受けつがれ、『正尊』『江野島』などより視覚に訴える平明な作が多く作られた。
- Such tendency was succeeded by Nagatoshi (Nobumitsu's son) who also acted as waki no shite and wrote many plain works that appealed to the eye including 'Shozon' and 'Enoshima.'
- その初期、古代的な天皇親政を理想とする後醍醐天皇と現状重視の尊氏を中心とした勢力が対立した(南北朝時代 (日本))。
- In its early years, the period was characterized in particular by the conflict between Emperor Godaigo, who dreamed of reinstituting the ancient custom of direct Imperial rule, and Takauji, who placed more emphasis on preserving the status quo (this being the essence of the Northern and Southern Courts).
- 舒明天皇8年(636年)に官人の勤務制度について大臣 (日本)の蘇我蝦夷に下記の意見をだしているが、無視されている。
- In 636, he provided the following idea about government officials working system to a minister SOGA no Iruka, but Iruka ignored it.
- 同年7月、桐野は北海道に視察に行き(樺山愛輔『父、樺山資紀』)、帰ってきてからは札幌に鎮台を設置する必要を上申した。
- In July of the same year, Kirino made an inspection of Hokkaido (Aisuke KABAYAMA 'Sukenori KABAYAMA, my father'), and on his return he submitted his report on the necessity to establish a garrison in Sapporo.
- このとき、黒田が酔って妻を殺したのだという噂が流れたため、警視総監川路利良は清の墓を開け、病死であることを確認した。
- As there was a rumor at that time that a drunk Kuroda had killed his wife, Tokyo Metropolitan Police commissioner Toshiyoshi KAWAJI exhumed the body of Sei and confirmed that she had died due to illness.
- ただ、大名は支配土地を自由自在に支配できたわけではなく、幕府からは大目付が発する監察使にその行政を監視規制されていた。
- However, daimyo was not allowed to administer the fief at their own will, and put under the surveillance of inspectors who were sent by the chief inspector in Edo (ometsuke).
- そのため、使節供応と回賜のための経費が無視できない規模になった後は、使節来朝に制限を加え、日本側からの遣使は中断した。
- This led to the Japanese government adding a limit to envoy visits to Japan and discontinuing the dispatch of envoys when the expenses for treating them and preparing return gifts could no longer be ignored.
- また、作者不詳の『続浦島伝』のように史実よりも創作性を重視した作品も現われるようになり、後の物語文学にも影響を与えた。
- Also, more creativity-conscious books than historical facts, such as 'Zoku Urashima Den' (Sequel of the folklore, Taro Urashima [Rip van Winkle]) of unknown authorship, appeared, which influenced the subsequent narrative literature.
- 日本政府は台湾に比して朝鮮を重視して、台湾総督と異なり、韓国統監・朝鮮総督には相当地位の高い政治家・軍人が任用された。
- The Japanese government focused on Korea, compared to Taiwan, and quite high ranking politicians and military men were appointed to Kankoku Tokan and Chosen Sotoku, different from Taiwan Sotoku.
- また、摂津地域では、大阪市南部・大阪市東部・神戸市・阪神間あたりの場合、地車の装飾、曳行、地車囃子が重要視されている。
- Moreover, in Settsu Region, in the case of southern Osaka City, eastern Osaka City, Kobe City and in the areas between Osaka and Kobe, danjiri decorations, the way it is pulled and danjiri bayashi are emphasized.
- 商売を重視しなかった羯南の方針もあって部数は振るわず、存続したのは明治40年(1908年)までのわずか18年であった。
- Because of Katsunan's policy that placed little value on business, the Nippon had a small circulation and lasted only for eighteen years until 1908.
- 破精(はぜ)とは、日本酒の醸造過程の中で日本酒麹造り(せいぎく)、すなわち日本酒麹造りの段階で重要視される概念である。
- Haze is a notion considered to be important in the seigiku process, that is a manufacturing process of sake rice malt, in the brewing process of sake.
- これらの特徴を幼童信仰の影響、地面に足をつけないのは神聖視されているため、装飾と化粧は依坐になるための道具と考察した。
- The above characteristics were considered to be the influence of a belief that worships young children, for example, not setting his foot on the ground signified his divinity, and the decoration and make-up were the implements for a yorishiro (a spiritualistic medium).
- 役小角の式神であったともいい、役小角の弟子とされる(実在性および実際の関係は不明)義覚・義玄と同一視されることもある。
- It is said that they were Shikigami (the spirit using magic or divination) used by EN no Ozunu, and they were sometimes regarded same as Gikaku and Gigen who were supposed to be En no Ozunu's disciples (their substantiality and the actual relation are unclear).
- しかし世阿弥の実体験に基づく貴重な直話を多く収録しており、世阿弥自身の著述と同様か、あるいはそれ以上に重視されている。
- Since it is a collection of valuable direct discourse based on Zeami's real experience, however, it is regarded as valuable as the book by Zeami himself or more.
- 日本食、和食とも言われ、生食、素材の味を重視する薄口の味付け、そして繊細な盛り付けの三点がおおまかな特徴とされている。
- Being also called nihon-shoku (Japanese dishes) or wa-shoku (Japanese dishes), their features are roughly three; eating food without cooking, placing importance on the basic taste of food itself with little flavor added, and the delicate artful arrangement of food on dishes.
- その観点から『真説 本能寺』を2001年に、『だれが信長を殺したのか 本能寺の変・新たな視点』を2007年に上梓した。
- Based on such point of view, he published 'Shinsetsu Honnoji' (new view on the Honnoji Incident) in 2001 and 'Darega Nobunaga wo Koroshitanoka Honnoji no Hen - Aratana Shiten' (Who killed Nobunaga - Honnoji Incident/new point of view) in 2007.
- ここには、唐物を唐渡りの珍奇な品物ではなく、文化的、美的価値のある「美術品」として見る視点が生まれていた、ともいえる。
- Here, it could be said that karamono viewed not only the unique goods from kara but 'artwork' that had cultural and artistic values.
- 大伴にも高志との間に恒世親王が生まれていたが、平城は大伴父子の存在を無視してあえて自分の皇子高岳親王を皇太子に立てた。
- Otomo had a son with Koshi called Imperial Prince Tsuneyo, but Heizei ignored the existence of the Otomo father and son and explicitly placed his son, Imperial Prince Takaoka as Crown prince.
- 幕府は朝廷を監視し、皇位継承にまで介入するようになり、朝廷は幕府に憚って国家の大事にも幕府に伺いを立てるようになった。
- The shogunate began to watch the Imperial Court closely, and became able to intervene even in matters of Imperial succession, while the Court became hesitant to cross the shogunate, henceforth asking their opinion on all serious matters facing the country.
- 現今の女性天皇の議論において「神道儀礼」について加味されないのは、祭祀継承を旨とする天皇家を無視すると言う批判もある。
- In the current argument about female Emperors, since the 'Shinto ceremony' was not discussed, there is some criticism that there was no consideration by the Imperial Family who succeeded the ritual.
- 弁舌が立ち、教養のある景時は頼朝に信任され鶴岡若宮の造営、囚人の監視、御台所北条政子の出産の奉行など諸事に用いられた。
- The fast-talking and well-educated Kagetoki was trusted by Yoritomo and was used for various tasks, such as the construction of Tsurugaoka-wakamiya Shrine, the supervision of prisoners, and the making of arrangements when Midaidokoro (Shogun's wife) Masako HOJO had a baby.
- これは、旧藩時代からの県令や官吏が、中央の布告を無視して旧藩時代同様の税と労役を課したことに対する農民の反抗であった。
- The protest was against Kenrei and government officials from former feudal domain, who imposed tax and royaku (labor service) no different from former feudal domain period, ignoring a proclamation by the central government.
- 明治には、劇作家の坪内逍遥が史劇『桐一葉』において忠臣としての且元を描き、歴史学においても忠・不忠の視点で論じられた。
- In Meiji period, author Shoyo TSUBOUCHI described Katsumoto as a loyal subject in 'Kiri Hitoha (A Paulownia Leaf),' and historical studies debated his loyalty or disloyalty.
- 後に桑原頼太郎の変名を用いて長州攘夷派と行動をともにするが、赤間関の砲台視察中に病に倒れ、同地で30歳の生涯を閉じた。
- Even after that, he kept supporting the group of Joi of Choshu Domain calling himself Yoritaro KUWABARA as a disguise; however, while visiting the gun batteries of Akamagaseki, he became sick and died there at the age of 30.
- 明治20年(1887年)、ヨーロッパでの視察を終えたフェノロサと岡倉天心がアメリカに立ち寄り、数年ぶりに再開している。
- In 1887, he met Fenollosa and Tenshin OKAKURA again for the first time in years, when they had completed the inspection in Europe and stopped in America.
- 同行者は岩倉具視、木戸孝允、大久保利通、伊藤博文、山口尚芳、佐々木高行、山田顕義、田中光顕、田中不二麿など当時の要人。
- The members of the mission were leading figures of the time such as Tomomi IWAKURA, Takayoshi KIDO, Toshimichi OKUBO, Hirobumi ITO, Naoyoshi YAMAGUCHI, Takayuki SASAKI, Akiyoshi YAMADA, Mitsuaki TANAKA, Fujimaro TANAKA and so on.
- 巡査による写真撮影を見た被告人は、巡査に対し「どこのカメラマンか」と抗議したが、巡査は被告人の抗議をことさらに無視した。
- When the defendant saw that the police officer was photographing, he protested to the police officer ''who are you photographing for?'' but he was ignored.
- 江戸時代前期の年貢徴収は、田を視察してその年の収穫量を見込んで毎年ごとに年貢率を決定する検見法(けみ-)を採用していた。
- In the early Edo period, kemi-ho (annual crop inspections), with which the amount of the crop yield during that year was estimated and the rate of nengu to be paid each year was determined, was carried out.
- 土地課税を重視する考えは9世紀前期の藤原冬嗣執政期の頃から存在していたが、個別人身支配の原則を覆すまでには至らなかった。
- Although the idea of emphasizing tax on land existed in the era when FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu was in power during the first half of the 9th century, it stopped short of reversing the principle of people-based governance.
- 延喜・天暦の治(えんぎ・てんりゃくのち)とは、平安時代中期(10世紀)の醍醐天皇・村上天皇両天皇の治世を聖代視した呼称。
- Engi, Tenryaku no chi is the magnificent imperial reign name for the reigns of Emperor Daigo and Emperor Murakami in the mid Heian Period (the 10th century).
- 米騒動の報道に際し、各種新聞は民衆の行動を好意的に報じると共に、根本的な原因は民衆の要求を無視し続けた政府にあるとした。
- Regarding press report of rice riots, each newspaper reported the people's behavior positively and also that the underlying cause was the government since they had continued to ignore people's demands.
- 当日は季節外れの雪で視界は悪く、護衛の供侍たちは雨合羽を羽織り、刀の柄に袋をかけていたので、襲撃側には有利な状況だった。
- It was a day of unseasonable snow and poor visibility, so the samurai attendants were dressed in raincoats and had covers attached to the hilts of their swords, which was advantageous for the attackers.
- 大津市の錦織遺跡の発掘調査により、その地が近江大津宮の跡地であることが確実視され、1979年に国の史跡に指定されている。
- Thanks to the Otsu City's excavation and research of Nishikoori remains, the site has been believed certain as the remained site of the Imperial Palace Omi Otsu no Miya and has been designated as a country's historic spot since 1979.
- それに対し、従来の「百済重視」の外交路線をとる中臣鎌足や中大兄皇子ら保守派が「開明派」の蘇我氏を倒したと言うものである。
- On the other hand, the conservatives like NAKATOMI no Kamako and Prince Naka no Oe were in favor of their original 'Baekje focused' policy, and therefore destroyed the Soga clan who were 'liberals.'
- また、軍部が政府決定や方針を無視して暴走を始め、非難に対してはこの権利を行使され政府はそれを止める手段を失うことになる。
- The military began to do reckless things ignoring the decision and policy of the government and exercised its rights against the blames, so that the government lost the resources to stop it.
- 北方開拓を重視する政府の姿勢の表れだが、初めの数年は力不足で、内実が伴いはじめるのは明治4年(1871年)からであった。
- It reflected the government's focus on the development of the northern island, but the reclamation of Ezo did not work for the first few years due to the inadequate system and it was not until 1871 that the government effort finally paid off.
- また、壬申戸籍自体が、役所の戸籍簿の集計であり、直接の人口調査によるものではなかったため、無視できない脱漏を残していた。
- Moreover, because the Jinshin-koseki itself was a totalization of family registers in public offices, not based on a direct survey of population, omissions that cannot be ignored were left behind.
- 設楽原は原と言っても川に沿って丘陵地が幾つも連なる場所であって、相手陣の深遠まで見渡せるほど視界の良い場所ではなかった。
- Although the 'hara' of Shitaragahara means a plain, Shitaragahara was a hilly place along the river and did not provide a visibility enough to overlook the entire enemy camp.
- 作法よりも食べて旨い料理に主点が置かれ、冷たくしてお土産に持ち帰る料理よりその場で食べてしまう料理という視点が強かった。
- Importance was placed on delicious dishes rather than on eating etiquette, and people there considered that dishes should be eaten at the places they were cooked, rather than being taken out as a souvenir in a cold state.
- ナガバオモダカ、キショウブなどの植物や、ブルーギルやオオクチバス、ワニガメ、アカミミガメなどの外来種が問題視されている。
- Foreign species of plants such as grassy arrowhead (Sagittaria graminea) and yellow flags (iris pseudacorus) and freshwater creatures such as bluegills, largemouth bass, alligator snapping turtles and red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta) are viewed as problematic.
- 特に日本放送協会は600ミリ望遠レンズを使用して、甲板に立つ皇太子の姿をアップで撮影することに成功して視聴者を驚かせた。
- Especially, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) succeeded in taking a close-up picture of the Crown Prince standing on the deck by using a 600-mm telephoto lens, which surprised viewers.
- このように将門の評価は、古代の朝敵から、中世の崇敬対象へ、さらに明治時代の逆賊視、ついで戦後の英雄化と激しく揺れ動いた。
- Therefore, the manner in which Masakado has been viewed has changed greatly: enemy of the Imperial Court in ancient times; venerated figure during the middle ages; gyakuzoku rebel during the Meiji Period; and hero after the World War II.
- この傾向は近畿一帯に共通する性格であり、12世紀中頃以降の東国などに見られる大規模寄進系荘園と同一視することは出来ない。
- This characteristic was commonly observed in Kinki region, and it cannot be considered to be the same as greatly expanding Shoen seen in Eastern Japan after the mid-12th century.
- 農商務大臣時代には、懸案であった足尾鉱毒事件について初めて予防工事命令を出し、私的ながら大臣自ら初めて現地視察を行った。
- While he was the Minister of Commerce and Agriculture, he gave orders for the first time to begin preventive construction for the Ashio Copper Mine pollution case, which had been an impending problem at that time, and made an inspection tour of the site for the first time as a minister, although the visit was conducted privately.
- 福澤は海軍大輔、海軍卿、枢密顧問官などを務めた伯爵勝海舟も同書で攻撃しており、官職に就いた旧幕臣を批判的視点で見ていた。
- FUKUZAWA also blamed Count Kaishu KATSU, who took the post as kaiguntaifu (a vice-minister of the navy), kaigunkyo (the chief of the navy) and sumitsu komonkan (the adviser of the Privy Council); because of things like this, he held a critical viewpoint on the former shogun's retainers who became government officials.
- 文久3年(1863年)4月、家茂は朝廷に命じられた攘夷実行への準備として、幕府の軍艦順動丸に乗って大坂視察を行っている。
- In April, 1863, Iemochi traveled to Osaka by a Jundo Maru Warship in preparation for carrying out an order of the Imperial Court to expel foreigners.
- この年、条約改正のために全権大使岩倉具視が派遣されることになったとき、その岩倉使節団の一員に加わり、欧米視察に出発した。
- That year, when Tomomi IWAKURA, an extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador, was going to be sent for the treaty revision, Murata became a member of Iwakura Mission and left for Europe and America.
- 明治2年(1869年)2月上旬、対馬藩職制改革により参政に転じていた大島は、朝鮮事情視察のため倭館草梁倭館に派遣された。
- In the early February 1869, OSHIMA (he had been assigned to the senior officer of Tsushima Domain due to the office organization reform) was dispatched to Choryang-dong Wakan (consular office in Korea) to inspect the situation of Korea.
- これは百姓=農民=田舎者=ダサい奴という図式での、格好を重視する不良やヤクザの間でのあまり深い意味のない単なる悪口である。
- This is mere vilification without any serious meaning among juvenile delinquents and mafia who valued appearance, in the picture that hyakusho = peasants = country fellows = unfashionable people.
- 宋代の学者に従って儒学の歴史を振り返ると、隋唐以前は経書の音訓(音読)や訓詁(単語の意味)を重視した訓詁学が中心であった。
- Looking back at the history of Confucianism, as scholars during the Song Dynasty did, the mainstream before the Sui and Tang Dynasties was Kunkogaku ('xunguxue' in Chinese), which emphasized the readings of characters and exegetics (interpretation of words) of Confucian classic writings.
- しばしば上方歌舞伎は型よりも持味、心情、雰囲気を重視するといわれるが、なかでもつっころばしはその典型的な例であるといえる。
- It is often said that Kamigata Kabuki places more stress on originality, feelings, and atmosphere than formality; the role of Tsukkorobashi is an extremely typical example.
- 嘉永4年(1851年)、有栖川宮幟仁親王の長男・有栖川宮熾仁親王と婚約したが、岩倉具視らが推進する公武合体のため婚約破棄。
- In 1851 she was engaged to the eldest son of the Arisugawanomiya Imperial Prince Takahito, Prince Taruhito, however the engagement was cancelled due to the union of the Imperial Court and the Shogunate promoted by Tomomi IWAKURA.
- 義満の皇位簒奪説は、一方で皇統の正当性は上皇としての立場ではなく血統により発生するという反論もあり、疑問視する声も根強い。
- There is a persistent opposing view that doubts Yoshimitsu's usurpation of the imperial throne, as the rightness of the imperial line takes place by blood line rather than from a standpoint of the Retired Emperor.
- 幕府への要求事項として、以下の「三事策」(1.は長州藩、2.は岩倉具視、3.は薩摩藩の各意見を採用したもの)が決められた。
- As for the demands made to the Shogunate, the following three articles were decided (for the first item, the opinion of the Choshu domain; for the second item, Tomomi IWAKURA's opinion; for third item, opinion of the Satsuma domain were adopted, respectively).
- また、当時としては女性蔑視が少なく、樋口一葉をいち早く激賞しただけでなく、与謝野晶子と平塚らいてうも早くから高く評価した。
- Also, as the group was relatively undiscriminatory against women for its time, Ichiyo HIGUCHI was soon discovered as an excellent poet, and Akiko YOSANO and Raicho HIRATSUKA were also highly evaluated.
- 有栖川宮熾仁親王・中山忠能・三条実美・岩倉具視ら討幕・尊攘派公卿は、朝彦親王を明治元年(1868年)、広島藩預かりとした。
- Anti-shogunate court nobles including Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito, Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, Sanetomi SANJO, and Tomomi IWAKURA decided to put Imperial Prince Asahiko under custody of the Hiroshima clan in 1868.
- 顕彰碑には「動けば雷電の如く発すれば風雨の如し、衆目駭然、敢て正視する者なし。これ我が東行高杉君に非ずや...」 とある。
- His monument of honor says, 'Moving like the lightning, speaking like the storm, all are astonished and none dare face him. This is our Togyo Takasugi.'
- やがて、藩に戻り鉱山開発に努め、維新後には岩倉使節団に同行、ヨーロッパの鉱山を視察、帰国後は日本鉱業会の初代会長を務めた。
- He subsequently returned to his domain and made efforts in mine development, and after the Meiji Restoration, he accompanied the Iwakura Mission (a Japanese diplomatic journey to Europe and the United States between 1871 and 1873 by the top officials of the new Meiji government) to visit and study mines in Europe, and after returning to Japan, he became the first chairman of Mining and Metallurgical Institute of Japan.
- そのために、徳川幕府は、能力よりも忠誠心や家柄、譜代家臣を重視する旧来の封建体制を復活させ、体制維持に努めたとの意見もある。
- Some believe that, in order to avoid making the same mistake, the Tokugawa shogunate restored the old feudal system under which loyalty, family lineage and fudai daimyo (hereditary vassals) were more important than the ability to maintain the regime.
- 研究や大気環境の監視(大気汚染の観測など)を目的とする精密な観測においては、目的に応じてさまざまな計測機器が使用されている。
- For precise observations for the purpose of research or for monitoring atmospheric environments (for example, observations of air pollution), various instruments are used depending on the objective.
- そもそも、唐風の文化を踏まえながらも日本の風土や生活感情である「国風(くにぶり)」を重視する傾向は奈良時代から進行していた。
- Already in Nara period, there were many considerations on Kuniburi, the Japan's own morals and feelings although respecting Chinese cultures.
- 国際競技大会でスポーツ選手の応援として自発的に『君が代』が歌われる光景については、強制していない面で問題視しない意見がある。
- There is an opinion that scenes in which 'Kimigayo' is sung voluntarily as encouragement for sports persons in international competition is not problematic because it is not done unurged.
- 江戸末期にも延喜・天暦の治を理想視する思想が明治維新の原動力の一つとなり、そうした考えは明治以降の皇国史観にも引き継がれた。
- Also toward the end of the Edo period, the idealization of the Engi and Tenryaku eras became one of the drivers for the Meiji Restoration and this thought carried over into Kokoku Shikan (emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto) after the Meiji period.
- 海から著しく隔たった山村等の一部で、鯨肉の塩蔵品等が貴重視され、行事のときの料理に使う習慣が受け継がれてきた地域が存在する。
- In some mountain villages extremely far from sea, the whale meat preserved in salt was highly valued and the custom of using the meat for dishes on event occasions has been handed down.
- 井筒では伊勢物語24段から「真弓槻弓...」の歌の一部が引用されており、それゆえシテの女を24段の女と同一視する解釈がある。
- Izutsu quotes a part of the poem that begins with 'Mayumi Tsukuyumi...' from passage 24 of Ise Monogatari, therefore there is an interpretation that the female Shite and the woman in passage 24 are one and the same.
- それに対し、民俗文化財は前述の文化財保護法にあるように次のように規定されており、歴史資料ないし史料としての側面が重視される。
- On the other hand, the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties mentioned earlier states folk-cultural properties as follows, emphasizing the historical material aspect.
- 武術修行において精神修養などの人間形成も重視する理念は、新陰流と将軍家などに見られるように江戸時代初期には既に生まれていた。
- The philosophy to place emphasis on human development such as the moral improvement in the ascetic practices of bujutsu had already been formed during the early Edo period as it is seen in Shinkage-ryu and the Shogun family.
- この結果、落語家は「お笑い芸人」という抽象的名称の下に漫才師・漫談家・コント芸人と観客・視聴者レベルでボーダーレスとなった。
- As a result, rakugo storytellers were subsumed under the abstract name of 'owarai-geinin' (comedians) together with stand-up comedians, comic-chat artists, slapstick comedians so that the spectators and viewers could not distinguish one from the others.
- 平安時代終わりの平氏全盛期には素材は錦となり、重量の重さから過度の重ね着ができなくなり、襲を重視しなくなっていったとされる。
- During the heyday of the Taira clan at the end of the Heian period, the use of brocade meant that uchiki were too heavy to wear in many layers and as a result, layers became less important.
- 尚、近年では旧内務省 (日本)系官庁の事務次官あるいはそれに準ずるポスト(警視総監)の経験者が就任するのが慣例となっている。
- In recent year, it has become an institution that the deputy secretary such as former Ministry of Interior or one who experienced an equal post (the Tokyo Metropolitan Police commissioner) takes up the grand steward position.
- 関ヶ原の戦いの後、忠興は徳川家との関係を重視し、警戒を解くために嫡男・細川忠隆とその妻・千世(前田利家の娘)の離縁を命じた。
- After the battle of Sekigahara, Tadaoki considered the importance of the relationship with the Tokugawa family, therefore he ordered a divorce of his legitimate son Tadataka HOSOKAWA and Tadataka's wife Chiyo (a daughter of Toshiie MAEDA) to end the Tokugawa family's vigilance.
- (明治3年10月25日の大久保から岩倉具視あての書簡には郷を「断然免職か転勤ニならす」と名指しで明記されているほどである。)
- (In OKUBO's letter dated October 25, 1870 to Tomomi IWAKURA, OKUBO pointed his finger at GO and mentioned, 'I shall dismiss him from the office or transfer him.')
- 肉食が忌避されていたこの時代に、光圀は5代将軍徳川綱吉が制定した生類憐れみの令を無視して牛肉、豚肉、ヒツジなどを食べていた。
- At a time when a meat diet was avoided, Mitsukuni ignored the Shorui Awaremi no Rei (Instructions concerning compassion for all living creatures) issued by Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA the fifth Shogun, eating beef, pork, and mutton.
- ただこれは吉宗個人の弱点というよりも、商業蔑視の儒教に強く染まった当時の武家社会上層部全体に共通するものであると述べている。
- He said that this economical weakness was not attributed to the personal weakness of Yoshimune himself but rather attributed commonly to the general upper stratum of samurai society in those days, which was deeply steeped in Confucianism in which business was regarded with contempt.
- 慶長2年(1597年)2月、和平交渉で無視された朝鮮南部割譲を実力で果たすという名目で、秀吉は14万人の軍を再び朝鮮に送った。
- In March 1597, Hideyoshi sent 140,000 troops to Korea with a pretext to achieve by force the cession of southern Korea which was ignored in the peace talks.
- これを 「常に月将を以て占時に加え、日辰陰陽を視て以て四課を立つ。」 と読み下すことは、漢文の知識があればさほど困難ではない。
- For persons who have a knowledge about kanbun, it may not be so difficult to read it as 'tsuneni gessho wo motte senji ni kuwae, Nisshininyo wo mite motte shika wo tatsu.' (Gessho and the time should always be used for divination and Shika should be derived by seeing Nisshinonmyo).
- またテレビ作品においては骨格作りよりも視聴率や映画製作資金の獲得を最優先しており、その状況次第で作品の傾向を変えることが多い。
- The top priorities in regard to the production of TV programs were audience ratings and the procurement of funds for film production rather than the particular framework for a program, therefore, it was often the case that their development was affected by these priorities.
- そのため単なる精神論を越えて監視社会化してしまい、この結果、「悪法」として一般民衆からは幕府への不満が高まったものと見られる。
- In this way, the law went beyond the spiritualism, the society was put under surveillance, and as the result, it is thought that dissatisfaction with the bad law among people in general was heightened against government.
- 江戸初期のものは簡素なものが多いが、時代と共に実用性と共に装飾性も重視されるようになり、江戸時代中期に入って爆発的に流行した。
- Although netsuke in the early Edo period was usually simple, not only its practical utility but also its ornamentation became more highly valued over time, and it became explosively popular in the mid-Edo period.
- また、芸人は文化の伝承を無視する傾向が強く「平気で三本締めをやる東京本社の吉本興業など無知な会社に所属する」などと批判される。
- There is a criticism such as, 'Yoshimoto Kogyo Co., Ltd. that has its head office in Tokyo belongs to a group of ignorant companies' because entertainers have a strong tendency to ignore cultural traditions.
- しかし、20世紀以降、南方録の偽書説が認知されるに従い、天正年間の確実な資料として研究者の間で特別に重要視されるようになった。
- But from the 20th century and on, when Nanpo roku came to be acknowledged as a pseudograph, YAMANOUE no Soji came to assume more importance among scholars as a valid reference of the Tensho era.
- しかしながら美川圭のように、院政の当初の目的を皇位決定権の掌握と見て、王権の拡大を意図したこと自体を重要視する意見も出ている。
- There are also such opinions as that of Kei MIKAWA, who considered that the initial purpose of insei was to control the right to decide who would succeed the throne; this view places importance on the fact that the expansion of sovereignty was intended.
- 以下の県域放送2局は生駒山より標高の高い比叡山から送信しており、出力の割に視聴可能区域が広く、京都府外でも広い範囲で受信可能。
- Programs of the following two prefecture-based TV stations are transmitted from the top of Mt. Hiei which is higher than Mt. Ikoma, which causes its coverage area to be relatively wide compared to its limited output transmission power, allowing a wider reception area outside of Kyoto Prefecture.
- そもそも丹波は、中央集権体制を進める明治政府の大久保利通らにより、但馬・丹後を含め似通った地域性を無視して2府県に分けられた。
- In the first place, Tanba, Tajima and Tango were divided up into two prefectures by people like Toshimichi OKUBO in the Meiji government who wanted to strengthen centralized control, ignoring their regional similarities.
- しかし、政党政治の不全が顕著になり、議会の統制を受けない軍部が台頭すると、軍国主義が主張され、天皇を絶対視する思想が広まった。
- However, when malfunction of the party government became pronounced and the military which wasn't controlled by the diet gained power, the militarism was insisted and the concept accepting the emperor as holy writ prevailed.
- そのため、天皇家の祖先にまつわる伝承や事績、および初期の天皇の実在については、歴史学的にはその実在性を疑問視されることが多い。
- Because of that, the actual existence of folklores and achievements relating to the ancestors of the Imperial Family and the existence of the Emperors in the early days are usually seen with doubt.
- 宮中行事の時複雑な式での作法などをメモする目的で用いられたとも言うが、女性の場合は他人の視線から咄嗟に顔を隠す場合に重宝した。
- It is said that hiogi fans were used as notes of complicated manners of court functions, and women used these fans to hide their faces at once to avoid people's eyes.
- この期間に幕命を無視して室町幕府の四職で出雲守護でもある京極政経の寺社領を横領し、美保関公用銭の段銭の徴収を拒否などを続けた。
- During this period, he illegally took over Jisha-ryo (territory of temples and shrines) of Masatsune KYOGOKU, who served as Izumo shugo (provincial constable of Izumo Province) and was one of four major feudal lords that worked for Muromachi bakufu, and continued refusing to collect taxes appropriated for public funds of Mihonosekicho Town by ignoring orders of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 秀満の出自は不明瞭な点が多いが、歴史書や軍記物の記述では明智光秀の従弟にあたる明智光春(明智光安の子)と同一視される事が多い。
- The origin of Hidemitsu is unclear in many aspects, but in history books and war chronicles, he was often described as Mitsuharu AKECHI (Mitsuyasu AKECHI's son) who was a cousin of Mitsuhide AKECHI.
- 後に武家政権鎌倉幕府を開いた源頼朝、そして室町幕府の足利尊氏の祖先に当たることから後世に英雄視され、様々な逸話が生み出される。
- As the ancestor of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who established the Kamakura bakufu (military government) and Takauji ASHIKAGA who founded the Muromachi bakufu, he was often portrayed as a hero by later generations and there are many anecdotes about him.
- 既に他大名を圧倒する国力と兵力を有していた秀吉は、どれほど犠牲を払おうとも一切無視して大軍でひた押しにする戦法を採ったのである。
- Hideyoshi, who had an overwhelmingly big power and military force, adopted the tactics to attack with a big army ignoring any big sacrifice.
- 留学や海外軍事視察の経験から国際関係に精通していた威仁親王は、即座にこの事件を自分のレベルでは解決できない重大な外交問題と判断。
- Imperial Prince Takehito, who was well-versed in foreign affairs because of his experiences of studying abroad and military inspections, judged that this incident was such a serious diplomatic issue that he could not handle by himself.
- 現代 (時代区分)の歴史学においては、「鎖国」ではなく、東アジア史を視野に入れてこの「海禁政策」という用語を使う傾向がみられる。
- Modern historical science tends to use the term 'Kaikin Policy' instead of 'Sakoku' in light of East Asian history.
- (穴山信君、武田信廉はもともと勝頼とは仲が悪かったとはいえ、これらは総大将の勝頼の命令を無視した敵前逃亡と言うべきものだった)。
- (Nobukimi ANAYAMA and Nobukado TAKEDA who admittedly had been in bad terms with Katsuryori were as good as deserting in the face of the enemy in defiance of the command of Supreme Commander Katsuyori).
- しかしかぶき者は色鮮やかな女物の着物をマントのように羽織ったり、袴に動物皮をつぎはうなど常識を無視して非常に派手な服装を好んだ。
- However, kabuki-mono, ignoring prevailing social trends, preferred very bold outfits, such as colorful kimonos for females worn like a cape, or a hakama (a kind of trousers, worn on a kimono) patched with animal skins.
- ハイパー時代劇:厳密な時代考証をいっさい無視し、西部劇・サイエンス・フィクションなど、あらゆるジャンルの要素をミックスした作品。
- Hyper jidaigeki include works that are a mishmash of elements from various genres such as Westerns and science fiction with little regard for historical accuracy.
- 視覚的報道メディアとして、またゴシップ・ジャーナリズムの媒体として、のちの写真週刊誌やテレビのワイドショーにも通ずるものがある。
- As a visual reporting medium and as a medium of gossip journalism, nishiki-e-shinbun had something common to it and photography weekly magazines and wide-shows on TV in the later days.
- 演者やスタッフ・関係者にはウケるが、一般の観客・視聴者にとっては理解できない場合が多く、常連やマニアを対象にした手法とも言える。
- It is funny for entertainers, staff, and people in the business, but most of the time it is not understandable for ordinary audiences or viewers, so that it is considered targeting only regulars as well as enthusiasts.
- 落語の落ちとしては最も一般的な分類法だが、分類の視点が統一されていないなどの欠点があるため、あたらしい分類が複数考案されている。
- Although it is the most common method of classification for ochi in rakugo, there are some shortcomings such as unintegrated points of view, resulting in the emergence of new classifications.
- 『平家物語』や『愚管抄』など同時代の文献は、平氏滅亡後に平氏政権に抑圧されてきた貴族社会や寺社層の視点で描かれてきたものが多い。
- Documents written at the same time period such as 'The Tale of the Heike' and 'Gukansho' (Miscellany of Ignorant Views) are often written after the decline of the Taira clan and from the viewpoint of the aristocracy and temple classes that were suppressed under the Taira clan administration.
- 平安後期の11世紀後半から12世紀になると、急速に荘園や知行国が増加していき、平安貴族たちの収入源として無視できないものになる。
- From the late eleventh to the twelfth century in the late Heian Period, shoen and chigyo-koku (provincial fiefdom) increased, and they could not be ignored as a source of income for Heian nobles.
- だが、室町幕府の征夷大将軍足利義政はこの最中に花の御所を改築し、世事に全く関心を示さず、堪りかねた後花園天皇の勧告をも無視した。
- However, Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, the seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), had no interest in the real world, renovated the Hana-no-gosho residence, and ignored the advice from the Emperor Gohanazono who became concerned with the situation.
- 朝廷は京都守護に代り新たに設置された六波羅探題の監視を受けるようになり、皇位継承をも含む朝廷に対する鎌倉幕府の統制が強化された。
- In place of the Protectors of Kyoto, the Court now had to accept the surveillance of the newly established Commissioner of Rokuhara, and shogunal control over Court affairs, even up to and including matters of Imperial succession, became much stronger.
- ただし根拠に乏しく、近年では、桜井市倉橋にある巨大方墳、赤坂天王山古墳を崇峻陵とする森浩一の見解が有力視されるようになっている。
- But the authorization lacks foundation, and in recent years, Koichi MORI's view that Akasaka Tennozan Tumulus, a giant square tumulus in Kurahashi, Sakurai City is Sushun's Mausoleum is most prevalent.
- 当初は通常の新嘗祭と区別されなかったものの、後に即位後初めて一世一度行われる祭として、「毎世の大嘗」「大嘗祭」として重視された。
- At the beginning, it wasn't separated from the regular Niiname-sai Festival, but later as a ritual, solemnized only once in an emperor's lifetime, it became important being called 'Daijo once in a lifetime' and 'Onie no matsuri Festival.'
- 死去の前日、従叔父の大山巌が欧米視察の途中に見舞いに来ており、従理死去の急報を受けて再度駆けつけた大山は枕頭で号泣したとされる。
- On the day before Juri died, his father's cousin, Iwao OYAMA, visited him in the middle of an inspection tour of Europe and the United States and OYAMA immediately revisited him on receiving an urgent message that informed him of Juri's death to cry bitterly at Juri's bedside.
- 藩主の小姓を務めた後、1861年(文久元年)、藩命により江戸幕府の遣欧使節である竹内保徳・松平康英らに従って欧米諸国を視察する。
- After working as a pageboy for the lord of domain, SUGI, under the order of the domain, visited western countries with Yasunori TAKEUCHI and Yasuhide MATSUDAIRA, who were envoys of the Edo bakufu.
- まだ密教は体系化されていなかったが、その呪術的な修行や奇蹟を重視し世俗的な富の蓄積や繁栄を肯定する性格が神祇信仰とも折衷しやすい。
- Although Esoteric Buddhism had not been systematized yet, it might be easy to blend with the Jingi belief because of its magical practice and teachings, focusing on miracles, and affirming accumulation and the prosperity of secular wealth.
- また、後に安倍氏の主流となる安倍泰親のように、中国由来の天文学よりも陰陽道の考え方を重視して天文道の解釈を行っていくようになった。
- Additionally, like ABE no Yasuchika who later became the mainstream of the Abe clan, they came to interpret tenmondo with more importance given to onmyodo than to the astronomy which came from China.
- しかし、これは彼らが朝廷を軽視していたというよりも鐚銭ばかりが流通していて権力者でさえ良質な銭貨が入手困難であった事を示している。
- So many akusen circulated that even powerful persons could hardly obtain good quality coins, and Yoshihide was forced to disrespect the Imperial court.
- 各地の大名は、伝来当初こそこの新兵器の実力を疑問視したが、合戦でその効果が証明されるとこぞって買い求め、自国での量産化に奔走した。
- At first, every daimyo doubted the real power of this new weapon, but as the effectiveness was confirmed through battles, they bought them and made every effort to mass-produce them in their respective territories.
- 朱子学が最も重視したのは、古い歴史をもち、勝手な解釈の入る余地の少ない経書そのものではなく、「四書」と呼ばれる四つの書物であった。
- Shushigaku put the most emphasis on studying four particular books of the Classics, known as the Four Books, also known in Japanese as 'Shisho', instead of the Classics as a whole, which had a long history and did not allow for much new interpretation.
- そのため、ユダヤ教のラビ(祭司)が視察・検査のため、日本にある八丁味噌の製造工場や、日本茶の農園や加工場などを訪れるようになった。
- Therefore, Judaistic rabbis have become to visit factories to manufacture haccho miso (bean paste) and farms growing tea and tea-processing factories, for inspection and checks.
- 吉野川(和歌山県では紀の川)流域に位置し、大和国と紀伊国を結ぶ交通の要衝として、また吉野山地への入口として古来より重視されてきた。
- Gojo City is located in the area along the Yoshino-gawa River (called the Kino-kawa River in Wakayama Prefecture), and has been thought important as a strategic traffic point connecting Yamato Province with Kii Province, or as an entrance into Yoshino Mountains since ancient times.
- この事から、義経を監視する目的との見方もあるが、吾妻鏡に「兼日約諾せしむ」とあるように、婚姻自体は以前から決まっていたものである。
- Therefore, there is a theory that this marriage was planned in order to control the movements of Yoshitsune, however, according to the Azumakagami, 'the engagement has been already accepted in advance,' and this fact shows that the marriage itself had been fixed previously.
- 東京高等師範学校教授、大韓帝国学部学政参与官、文部省視学官、東大教授を歴任した後1913年(大正2年)広島高等師範学校長となった。
- He became the principal of the Hiroshima Higher Normal School in 1913, after serving several positions including an instructor at Tokyo Higher Normal School, an advisor in the Korean Empire, a supervisor in the Ministry of Education, and a professor at the University of Tokyo.
- この敗戦により、それまで敵視していたと言われる斎藤義龍とも同盟関係を結び、対浅井氏の戦を繰り広げていくが、戦況は芳しくはなかった。
- Through this battle Yoshitaka formed an alliance Yoshitatsu SAITO, whom up to that point he had seen as an enemy, and thus broadened opposition to the Azai clan, but the tide of war had turned against them.
- また幕府内で対立していた斯波高経の花見の誘いを無視し、大原野(京都市西京区)で大宴会を催した事など道誉の華美な行動が記されている。
- In another episode, he ignored an invitation to a flower viewing party from Takatsune SHIBA, who had opposed Doyo within the bakufu, holding a bigger party in the Oharano district of Kyoto (present day Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City).
- 天正10年(1582年)に武田家を滅亡させた後、織田信長に武田残党狩りを命じられた際も、信長の命令を無視し武田の遺臣をかくまった。
- When ordered to kill remaining retainers of the Takeda clan by Nobunaga ODA after he ruined the Takeda family in 1582, Ieyasu ignored Nobunaga's order to shelter them.
- 明治天皇は右大臣岩倉具視、筆頭参議大隈重信ら文武百官を随え、明治11年9月28日北陸民情視察の為、越後から越中に御車を進められた。
- In September 28, 1878, the Emperor Meiji headed a tour from Echigo (present Niigata Prefecture) to Ecchu (present Toyama Prefecture) for inspecting people's life in the Hokuriku region accompanied by the literary and military government officials including Tomomi IWAKURA, Minister of the Right, and Shigenobu OKUMA, the head councilor.
- 日本もこれを「蕃国」高句麗の再来としてその朝貢を歓迎し、また新羅との対抗関係から、渤海との通交をきわめて重視し、遣渤海使を派遣した。
- Japan welcomed this tribute as the second coming of the 'barbarian country' Goguryeo and, highly valuing friendly relations with Balhae in relation to their struggle with Silla, they dispatched envoys.
- 尊氏は鎌倉において、乱の鎮圧に付き従った将士に勝手に恩賞を分配したり、建武政権の上洛命令を無視したりするなど、建武政権から離反する。
- In Kamakura, Takauji gave onsho (reward grants), at his discretion, to those who followed him in the battle of suppressing the war, ignored the Kenmu Government's order to return to Kyoto and became alienated from the Kenmu government.
- 戦史編纂研究所の分析は、世宗実録の敗戦記述を無視して偽使者の言葉のみを取り上げており、意図的に史料を歪曲して解釈している疑いがある。
- But the analysis conducted by the research center that compiles Korean military annals ignores the entry in the True Record of King Sejong's Reign that describes the expedition as a military defeat, focusing exclusively on the words of a man who claimed to be an emissary, leading to doubts about whether they intentionally distorted historical records to support their explanation.
- 享保3年(1718年)の「町触」の公布にあわせて奉行所に町人の下着まで贅沢な振る舞いがないか監視するようにという指示が出されている。
- In keeping with the issuance of 'Machibure' (proclamation) in 1718, an order was given to magistrate's offices to watch any luxurious behavior of townspeople, down to their underwear.
- 明治天皇は満15歳と若く、政治の実権は岩倉具視ら一部の公家と薩摩藩・長州藩が掌握していたが、形式上は天皇親政を宣言するものであった。
- Because the Emperor Meiji was then only fifteen years old, some court nobles including Tomomi IWAKURA and some retainers of Satsuma and Choshu domains took the political initiative, but, nevertheless, emperor's direct administration was formally declared.
- 派内の交遊が壮んであることは、「五倫」(父子・君臣・夫婦・長幼・朋友)の中でも特に「朋友」という人間関係を重視する姿勢を生み出した。
- The close companionship within the faction led it to emphasize the 'associate' relationship of the 'Five Relationships' (father-child, superior-subordinate, husband-wife, young-old, and associates).
- 鳶ヶ巣山砦は、長篠城を包囲・監視するために築かれた砦で、本砦に4つの支砦、中山砦・久間山砦・姥ヶ懐砦・君ヶ伏所砦という構成であった。
- Erected to lay siege on and observe the castle, the fort consisted of a main fort and four other sub-forts of Nakayama, Mt. Kuma, Ubagafutokoro and Kimigafushidoko.
- 白兵抜刀攻撃に対抗するため、官軍は士族出身の兵卒を選び抜刀隊を組織したが、討ち破られたため、3月13日、新たに警視抜刀隊を組織した。
- The government army formed Battotai (drawn sword squad) with soldiers selected from the warrior class for the close fighting with swords but it was defeated; then, on March 13, the government army newly formed the Keishibatto-tai troop (drawn sword squad of police officers.)
- 日本軍が白兵戦を重視し始めたのは、第一次世界大戦の研究を通じて採用された浸透戦術によって、白兵戦闘が多発すると予見されてからである。
- The Japanese Army started placing importance on hand-to-hand fights when it was predicted that hand-to-hand fights would occur frequently when the infiltration strategy, employed through a study on the First World War, was to be used.
- 翌4日も戦闘が続き、5日になると明治天皇が小松宮彰仁親王に錦の御旗を与え(岩倉具視が偽造したという説もある)、新政府軍が官軍となる。
- The battle continued on the following day (January 28), and on January 29, Emperor Meiji granted the Imperial standard to Imperial Prince Komatsunomiya Akihito (some believe Tomomi IWAKURA forged it); consequently, the new government's forces became the Imperial forces.
- 大日本帝国憲法において軍の統帥権は、政府ではなく天皇にあると定められていることを理由に、政府の方針を無視し満州事変等を引き起こした。
- In the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the supreme command of the military was given to the Emperor, not to the government, and using that as a reason, the military ignored governmental policy and became involved in the Manchurian and other incidents.
- それは律令制崩壊以後の日本においては「御恩と奉公」という主従関係に基づいた、繋がりを重視する部隊編成を行わざるをえなかったためである。
- This is because after the destruction of the Ritsuryo system in Japan, troops had to be organized in a way that stressed relation based on lord-and-vassal bonds such as 'favor and service.'
- 『八犬伝』刊行開始前に出された刊行予告から、一時馬琴には『合類大節用集』の記述を無視してまで物語を「七犬伝」とする構想があったという。
- According to an advance notice issued before the commencement of the publication of 'Hakkenden,' Bakin was at one point planning to write 'a story of the Seven Dog Warriors' even if it is not in accordance with the description in 'Gorui-daisetsuyoshu.'
- しかし、近景と遠景の極端な切り取り方や、俯瞰、鳥瞰などを駆使した視点、またズームアップを多岐にわたって取り入れるなど斬新な構図が多い。
- However, there are many innovative compositions that use a wide range of perspectives, such as exaggerated ways of placing close-range and distant views, crow's nest view and bird's eye view, and close-ups views.
- 明治41年、乱橋村と材木座村が合併した際に、もともとこの地にあった三島神社に村内の八雲神社、諏訪神社、視女社、金毘羅宮を合祀したもの。
- In the merging of Ranbashi-mura Village and Zaimoku-za Village in 1908, Yagumo-Jinja Shrine, Suwa-jinja Shrine, Mirume-sha Shrine, and Konpira-gu Shrine in the villages were merged and enshrined together into the Mishima-jinja Shrine.
- 私生活でも、徴兵検査の視察時などで各地の歴史的な文物、文化、事蹟との出会いを通し、とくに後年の史伝につながる掃台(探墓)の趣味を得た。
- He encountered historical artifacts, culture, legacies and so on in the various places he visited to carry out the examination for conscription, through which in his personal life also, he discovered a hobby of visiting tombs which later inspired a biography based on historical evidence he wrote in his later years.
- なお、平安時代には三代格式と合わせて三代儀式(さんだいぎしき)が編纂されたとする説もあるが、近年ではこれを疑問視する意見も出されている。
- Some said that the Sandai Gishiki (three major Gishiki books) were compiled in parallel with Sandai Kyakushiki (Laws and Regulations of the three reigns) in the Heian period, but recently, others have questioned that opinion.
- 幕府は江戸、大阪、京都に町奉行・所司代を置き重要視したが、その他伊豆国・日田市・長崎市・新潟県・飛騨国や重要鉱山に代官を配置し支配した。
- The shogunate government regarded Edo, Osaka and Kyoto as important, and established town magistrates (machi bugyo) and local governors (shoshidai), while governed Izu Province, Hita City, Nagasaki City, Niigata Prefecture, Hida Province and primary mines by placing administrative officials (daikan).
- 日本では古代に既に制度化されており、東海道の鈴鹿関、東山道の不破関、北陸道の愛発関が畿内を防御するために特に重視され、これを三関という。
- Even from its most ancient times Japan already possessed the system of barrier checkpoints; among the barriers of ancient Japan, three, namely the Suzuka-no-seki barrier along the Tokaido Road, the Fuwa-no-seki barrier on the Tosando Road, and the Arachi-no-seki barrier along the Hokurikudo Road, were considered especially significant given their intended roles of guarding the entrances to the Kinai region (the central region around the capital), and were thus termed the sangen (the three major barrier stations).
- 5月に内容を知った岩倉はその内容とともに自分を無視して熾仁親王に極秘裏に意見書を出した経緯に激怒、太政官大書記官の井上毅に意見を求めた。
- In May, Iwakura came to know the contents of the proposal, got very angry about the contents and the fact that Okuma ignored Iwakura, and submitted the written proposal to Imperial Prince Taruhito, and then Iwakura consulted with Kowashi INOUE.
- 仲基は、仏教・儒教・神道といった宗教・思想も歴史的に変化してきたのであり、これらを絶対視するのでなく客観的に捉えるべきことを唱えている。
- Nakamoto insisted that religion and philosophy, such as Buddhism, Confucianism, and Shinto, had also changed historically and should be considered objectively, and not considered absolutely true.
- 一方、岡本太郎や花田清輝らの結成した「夜の会」、安部公房らによる「記録芸術の会」などに参加し、総合的な芸術への視野に立った活動を始めた。
- At the same time, he took part in 'Yoru no Kai' (the Night Society) organized by Taro OKAMOTO, Kiyoteru HANADA and so on, and 'Kiroku Geijutsu no Kai ' (Organization of the Documentary Arts) by Kobo ABE and so on; and started his activities looking at all kinds of arts as a whole.
- 約束どおり将軍職位譲を行わない義政、義視将軍就任のために積極的に動かない後見人勝元、富子に見守られ僧門に入ることもなく成長して行く義尚。
- Yoshihisa had grown up without entering priesthood, watched over by Yoshimasa who would not hand over the Shogunate as promised, guardian Katsumoto and Tomiko who would make no active move to place Yoshimi in the position of Shogun.
- イギリスには王太子 (Crown Prince) という称号はないため、ウェールズ公爵の称号と、王太子という呼称はしばしば同一視される。
- There is no title of Crown Prince in England, and the Duke of Cornwall is often equated to Crown Prince.
- このような視点から男系護持論者の中には、「女系天皇の容認論は、天皇制廃止論のための布石ではないか」と述べて女系容認論を非難する者もいる。
- From such perspective, some male-line advocates claim the female-line acceptance theory is a stepping stone for emperor system abolition and criticize them.
- 黒白、大小の極端な対比や、写実を無視した構図など師である応挙の作風から逸脱しており、この傾向は南紀滞在の折の障壁画にはっきり表れている。
- Considerably diverging from his master Okyo's style by using the extreme contrast between black and white, big and small, or compositions that utterly ignore realism, Rosetsu's eccentric tendency manifests itself in the interior mural paintings which he made in Nanki.
- 慶応4年(1868年)4月3日、流山で近藤勇が新政府軍に投降した際には、同行役の薩摩藩士有馬藤太を追尾したが、監視は厳しく虚しく帰った。
- On April 25, 1868, when Isami Kondo surrendered to the New government army, he tried to tail the movement of a feudal retainer of Satsuma Domain, Tota ARIMA, but he could not keep tailing owing to Satsuma's severe vigilance, and returned in vain.
- 明治3年(1870年)2月13日、大山巌らとともに西郷隆盛に随従して長州藩に赴き、奇兵隊脱隊騒擾の状を視察し、藩知事毛利広封に謁見した。
- On March 14, 1870, Murata, together with Iwao OYAMA, followed Takamori SAIGO to the Choshu domain, inspected the mayhem of deserting Kiheitai troops, and saw Hiroatsu MORI, the domain governor.
- もうひとつは1583年-1588年に大坂城を築城しており、大津の地が東海道や淀川を通じた北国を結ぶ上に重要視された為ではないかとしている。
- The other reason is that as Osaka-jo Castle was built from 1583 to 1588, the place of Otsu was recognized as more important to connect Hokkoku, the Tokai-do Road, and Yodo-gawa River.
- この状況に吉良も高家肝入職への復帰を絶望視し、12月12日 (旧暦)(1702年1月9日)には家督を養子吉良義周に譲って隠居してしまった。
- Under such circumstances, Kira lost his hope to gain his position back as Koke kimoiri, and retired after abdicating from the head of the family and handing it over to his adopted son Yoshimasa KIRA on January 9, 1702.
- さきの討幕の密勅は、慶喜の大政奉還を想定した上で、主導権を持たない岩倉具視ら倒幕派の中下級公家と薩長側の非常手段として画策したものである。
- The said secret Imperial command of attacking the shogunate was planned as emergency measures by middle- and lower-graded court nobles without initiative including Tomomi IWAKURA, and Saccho (Satsuma and Choshu), under the supposition that Yoshinobu would carry out Taisei Hokan.
- 宋明理学において四書は非常に重視された経書であるが、宋以後著しく経書中の地位が上昇し、且つ朱子と王陽明で解釈が分かれるのが『大学』である。
- Somin rigaku placed a large emphasis on the Four Books as part of the Classics, among which the status of 'The Great Learning' rose after the Song period, although it was interpreted differently by Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming.
- 会所は人々に文芸の場と認識されていた、こうした視点から、「歌合」と「連歌」という二つの代表的な文芸を通して、会所のなりたちを見ていきたい。
- Kaisho started to be recognized as a place for cultural activities, and we would like to see the formation of Kaisho through this point of view and through the two representative cultural artworks of 'utaawase' (poetry contest) and 'renga' (linked poetry).
- 続いて大久保は、副総裁・岩倉具視を通して、保守派にも受け入れられやすい親征のための一時的な大坂行幸を提案し、同年1月29日これが決定した。
- Okubo continued by going through the vice-president and Tomomi IWAKURA by making an easily acceptable proposal to the conservatives where the emperor would be punitively expedited to Osaka momentarily, and this proposal was settled on January 29, 1868.
- 埴輪は、当時の人々の服装、髪型、化粧など生活の実態を具体的に知ることのできる視覚情報を提供してくれるという点でも、学術的に貴重な資料である。
- Haniwa is academically precious, partly because it provides us with visual information, from which we can know vividly about people's daily life in those days, such as clothes, hairstyle, and makeup.
- 大気中の黄砂の濃度が比較的薄いならば、多少の黄味を帯びた霞が発生し、普段よりも視程が悪くなる程度で、日常生活に大きな支障が出るほどではない。
- When the density of kosa in the air is relatively low, slightly yellowish mist is generated and visibility is affected slightly, but everyday lives are not affected seriously.
- 翌23日、軍使山野田一輔が持ち帰った参軍川村純義からの降伏の勧めを無視し、参軍山県からの西郷宛の自決を勧める書状にも西郷は返事をしなかった。
- On the next day, September 23, SAIGO ignored the recommendation to surrender by Sangun Sumiyoshi KAWAMURA, which was brought back by the military messenger Ippo YAMANODA, and did not answer the letter for him from Sangun Yamagata to recommend him to commit suicide.
- その根拠は、例えば茶入が重視されていた利休時代に「掛物ほど第一の道具はなし」と記すような、当時のものとは考えられない記述が目立つ点であった。
- The theory was based on the fact that this book has descriptions which are hard to believe to be the ones of those days; for example, although Rikyu's days put a premium on chaire (tea container), the book says, 'Nothing is more important than Kakemono (a hanging scroll; a work of calligraphy or a painting which is mounted and hung in an alcove or on a wall).'
- 1467年12月19日(応仁元年11月23日)、西軍は比叡山に使いを出して義視を迎えいれると“新将軍”に奉り幕府の体裁を整え東軍に対抗した。
- On December 19, 1467, the Western camp sent an envoy to Hiei-zan to invite Yoshimi as the 'new Shogun,' who gave this camp a resemblance of legitimate Bakufu, and confronted with the Eastern camp.
- 教科には中国史や漢文学を学ぶ紀伝道が成立し、法律を学ぶ明法道・儒学を学ぶ明経道・数学を学ぶ算道と共に教えられた(特に重視されたのは紀伝道)。
- The subjects were Kidendo, which was the study of Chinese history and literature, Myobodo, the study of law, Myogyodo, the study of Confucianism, Sando, the study of mathematics (Kidendo was the most important).
- 中川小十郎の教育理念は特に女子教育を重要視するもので、これはお茶の水女子大学・校長だった叔父・中川謙二郎の影響を大きく受けたものと思われる。
- Kojuro NAKAGAWA's philosophy on education was to place the importance on women's education and this seems to have been largely influenced by his uncle Kenjiro NAKAGAWA, who was the principle of Ochanomizu University.
- 秀吉の祖父が萩中納言と呼ばれる貴人であり、大政所は宮中に出仕していたなど信憑性を疑われる記述が多いため、後世の歴史家からは重視されていない。
- This volume contains lots of suspicious descriptions such as a grandfather of Hideyoshi was the nobility called Hagi Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) and Hideyoshi's mother worked at the Imperial Court; for this reason, historians of later generations put less importance on this volume.
- 広重の作品研究に利用されているほか、甲府での芝居見物や接待された料理屋の記録など、近世甲府城下町の実態を知る記録資料としても重視されている。
- It is used for the study of Hiroshige's works and also regarded as an important record of the actual situation of Kofu Castle Town in the Edo period, for its descriptions about a play viewing in Kofu, a restaurant where he was entertained, and so on.
- 特に、瞬間風速25m/s以上で視程が50m以下の0級(特強)沙塵暴は、「黒風」や「黒風暴」(カラブラン, Kara Bran)と呼ばれている。
- In particular, class 0 (especially strong) Shachenbao with an instantaneous wind speed of 25 m/s or more and with a visibility of less than 50 m is called 'black wind' or Kara Bran.
- 幕府保守層や儒学者たちによる蘭学者に対する一大弾圧事件などではなく、尚歯会を敵視する鳥居が他の幕閣の容認のもと、単独で決行したのが真相である。
- This was not a suppression of Dutch scholars by the Bakufu conservatives or Confucian scholars, but the truth was that Torii, who perceived Shoshikai as an enemy, acted solely with other cabinet officials with the Shogunate's approval.
- 勧善懲悪型の時代劇においては、主人公(またはその仲間)のヒーロー性を高めるために、存在感があり、かつ視聴者にも分かりやすい悪役が不可欠である。
- In the period dramas encouraging the good and punishing the evil, someone, who shows his presence and makes viewers understand easily that he is a villain, is essential in order to emphasize the heroic feature of the main character (or his colleagues).
- この場合、打ち切り作品特有のオチであることを読者(視聴者)が知っている前提で用いられるため、同時に「楽屋オチ」としての側面も持ち合わせている。
- In such cases, as this ochi is used on the assumption that readers (or viewers) know this is typical of discontinued pieces, it also has an aspect of 'gakuya ochi' at the same time.
- 明治初年の衰微期を経て、1876年の岩倉具視邸天覧能以後、徐々に人気を回復しはじめた能楽界にあって梅若実は紅雪とともに観世流の普及につとめた。
- Passing through the declining period of 1868, after the Noh play (performed) with the Emperor in attendance at the residence of Tomomi IWAKURA in 1876, Minoru UMEWAKA and Kosetsu put efforts to develop the Kanze-ryu while the field of Noh was gradually restoring its popularity.
- 平城は朝原と大宅の2人との間に子はなく、ほかの皇子たちはいずれも母の身分が低く、神野と大伴の隠然たる権威と存在感を無視することはできなかった。
- Heizei was not able to ignore the authority and existence that Kamino and Otomo had, because Asahara and Oyake did not have any children and all the other princes had lowly-born mothers.
- NHKが中継した「即位の礼・正殿の儀」(12時20分から1時間40分放送)は、平均視聴率31.9%(ビデオリサーチ・関東地区調べ)を記録した。
- 'The Sokui no rei and the Enthronement Ceremony' (1 hour and 40 minutes air time from 12:20), which broadcasted on NHK, had an average audience rating of 31.9 percent (in Kanto region according to Video Research).
- 明治14年(1881年)8、9月頃、独自の憲法草案である「憲法私案」を左大臣有栖川宮熾仁親王に呈し、さらに改定したものを右大臣岩倉具視に呈す。
- Around August or September of 1881, he showed his original draft of the constitution 'A personal proposal constitution' to Taruhitoshinnou ARISUGAWANOMIYA, Minister of the Left, and the revised one to Tomomi IWAKURA, Minister of the Right.
- 東国における親伊勢平氏方豪族として平清盛からの信頼を受け、平治元年(1159年)の平治の乱に敗れて伊豆に配流されてきた源頼朝の監視を任される。
- Sukechika ITO was put in charge of watching MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who was defeated in the Heiji War in 1159 and was exiled to Izu Province, because he was trusted by TAIRA no Kiyomori as a member of gozoku in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) who was pro-Ise-Heishi (a branch of the Taira clan).
- 岩倉具視(いわくらともみ、文政8年9月15日 (旧暦)(1825年10月26日)- 明治16年(1883年)7月20日)は日本の公家、政治家。
- Tomomi IWAKURA (October 26, 1825 - July 20, 1883) was a Japanese court noble and a politician.
- 久光を擁立して京都の政局に関わり、公家の岩倉具視らと公武合体政策を画策し、徳川慶喜の将軍後見職、福井藩主松平慶永の政事総裁職就任などを進めた。
- Supporting Hisamitsu, he got involved in politics in Kyoto, planning the reconciliation between the imperial court and the Shogunate with Tomomi IWAKURA, and promoting the assumption of Shogun-guardian post by Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA and the post of office of the president of political affairs by Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA (the lord of Fukui Domain).
- そのなかには石川源氏こそが八幡太郎義家以来の河内源氏の本流であるとする見解もある(これは河内国を本拠地にしてこそ河内源氏という「在地的」視点)。
- Some even think that Ishikawa-Genji is the mainstream of Kawachi-Genji that can be traced back to HACHIMANTARO Yoshiie (MINAMOTO no Yoshiie) ('Residential' viewpoint that Kawachi-Genji is those who were Kawachi-based).
- また近年、地上では視程も低下しないため黄砂として観測されない時に、自由大気(自由対流圏)と呼ばれる高層で薄い砂塵が観測されることがわかってきた。
- Recently, it has also become known that, even when no kosa is observed on the ground level because no visibility is affected there, thin dust is observed in the high-altitude atmospheric layer called the free atmosphere (also known as free troposphere).
- 平安時代に入り、桓武天皇の792年に健児の制が成立して軍団、兵士が廃止され、国土防衛のため兵士の質よりも数を重視した朝廷は防人廃止を先送りした。
- During the Heian period, in 792 during the reign of Emperor Kanmu, the Kondei-no-sei (national militant organization) was established which abolished legions and troops, and the Imperial Court, which placed importance on the quantity rather than the quality of soldiers for national defense, postponed the abolition of sakimori.
- 他にも当時はニコライの訪日が軍事視察であるという噂もあり、シベリア鉄道もロシアの極東進出政策を象徴するとして国民の反発があったことは確かである。
- At that time, it was rumored that an actual reason for Nicholas's visit to Japan was a military inspection, and also many Japanese people regarded the Trans-Siberian Railway as a symbol of Russian invasion of Far Eastern countries, and they had a sense of aversion against Russia.
- 日米修好通商条約許さずの天意を無視する形で条約調印に踏み切った幕府に激怒した孝明天皇は、幕政における復権を画策していた水戸藩の朝廷工作に乗った。
- The Emperor Komei, who got furious about the bakufu which signed the Treaty of amity and commerce between the United states and Japan by ignoring the Emperor's intention, joined the plan of the Mito Domain, which was trying to regain power in the shogunate government.
- この事件の後、幕府は国書に記す将軍の称号を「日本国王」から「日本国大君」に改め、京都五山の僧に外交文書作成や使節の応接、貿易の監視などを命じた。
- After this incident, the Edo bakufu changed the shogun's title which should be stated in any diplomatic letters from 'King of Japan' to 'Tycoon of Japan,' and told Buddhist priests in Five Great Zen Temples of Kyoto to prepare diplomatic papers and receptions for envoys, and to observe trades.
- 徳川家としては、今後の遠江攻略を視野に入れると、今回是非とも合戦を発生させて、強力な織田の援軍のいる時に武田を叩いておきたいという考えがあった。
- Seeking to acquire Totomi Province in future, the Tokugawa family was in desperate need of the battle in which to defeat the Takeda family while Oda's powerful reinforcements were still available.
- ストーリー性を重視した新作を振り付けて、わかりやすい上方舞をめざし、一地方の花柳界の芸事だった吉村流の舞を全国的な伝統舞踊の域にまで昇華させた。
- He choreographed the new work emphasizing the story and tried to make a comprehensible Kamigata mai and sublimated Yoshimura school which was just an accomplishment in a local karyukai (world of the geisha) to the level of nationwide traditional dance.
- 当然、宗全は義視の後見人である勝元と対立し、将軍家の家督争いは全国の守護大名を勝元派と宗全派に二分化させて、その衝突は避けられないものとなった。
- Naturally, Sozen opposed Katsumoto, Yoshimi's guardian, and the rivalry for Shogunate succession divided the shugo daimyos in the whole country into two camps, those of Katsumoto and of Sozen, making collision between them inevitable.
- そのため、家臣団の意向を無視する主君は、しばしば家臣団の衆議によって廃立され、時には家臣団の有力者が衆議に基づいて新たな主君となることもあった。
- As a result, those lords who ignored the desires and ideas of their retainers were often driven from power and replaced by someone else via a meeting of the retainers, and occasionally a powerful retainer would install himself as the new lord with the support of the group of retainers.
- Therefore, some lords who ignored their vassals' intention were dethroned through discussions by the vassals, and at times, a powerful vassal became the lord based on the consultation.
- このため、秀吉と毛利輝元は和睦することとなり、秀家は備中国東部から美作国・備前を領有する大大名にのし上がり、毛利家の監視役を務めることとなった。
- Due to that reason, Hideyoshi and Terumoto MORI made peace with each other, and Hideie rose to the status of a big feudal lord possessing the territory ranging from eastern Bicchu Province to Mimasaka and Bizen Provinces, while he served keeping watch over the Mori family.
- 享年53(53説が最も有力視されているが、没年は50歳から73歳説まで諸説あり、そこから逆算した生年になっているので、正確な生年は不詳である)。
- He was died at the age of 53 (53 is most likely, but there are various theories about his age at death, and since birth year was calculated based on this, the accurate birth year is unknown.)
- ところがこの時、腹痛を装って何度も厠に入り、油断した監視の目を逃れるために厠から糞にまみれながらも脱走したといい、勝久とともに再び京都に逃れた。
- It is said, however, that while in custody, Shikanosuke went to the toilet many times, feigning a stomachache, and escaped through the toilet with his body covered in excrement, eluding the less than vigilant guard, and fleeing to Kyoto together with Katsuhisa.
- 病床の中から『病床六尺』を書いたが、これは少しの感傷も暗い影もなく、死に臨んだ自身の肉体と精神を客観視し写生した優れた人生記録であると評される。
- His tanka 'Byosho Roku Shaku' (1.8 meter sickbed), composed from his sickbed without sentimentality or looming shadows, is recognized as a great human document, as he depicted his own body and mind objectively while facing death.
- 明治36年(1903年)本店理事となり、明治42年(1909年)商工視察のため欧米へ出張し、明治43年(1910年)からは銀行支配人を兼務した。
- When he became a director of the head office in 1903, he went on a business trip to Europe and America to learn about commerce in 1909 and began working concurrently as a bank manager in 1910.
- その経歴の信憑性は歴史学において長らく疑問視されてきたが、一部にその存在を推定させる文書や系図類が存在し、それにより実像の解明がなされつつある。
- While the reliability of his career has long been doubted in the historical studies, there are some documents, genealogies and so on which would make us presume that he really existed, and his real image has been clarified by those materials.
- 明治6年(1873年)に征韓論を主張するが欧米視察から帰国した岩倉具視らの欧米諸国家との国際関係を配慮した慎重論に敗れ、新政府は真っ二つに分裂。
- In 1873, Itagaki advocated Seikanron (debate on subjugation of Korea), but eventually gave in to Tomomi IWAKURA and other returnees from visitation to the West who took a prudent stance considering international relationships with Europe and America, resulting in the split of the new government.
- また、京都議定書の必要性や効果については、懐疑論(疑問視する意見)が展開されることも少なくないが、その中には信頼性に乏しいものも多く含まれている。
- Also, with respect to the necessity or effect of Kyoto Protocol, there are lots of skepticism (opinions taking a skeptical view), but many of them lack credibility.
- その後の1980年代以降では、義江彰夫、関幸彦、元木泰雄その他の方が、それら両論の成果を発展させるべくそれぞれの視点から積極的に論を展開している。
- Since the 1980s, Akio YOSHIE, Yukihiko SEKI, Yasuo MOTOKI, and others have passionately debated those two arguments from their respective points of view to develop each other's theory.
- このことから、戦後第一世代の研究者は、この領主と「武士団」の、領地を媒介とした重層的結合関係と、そこに至たる社会経済・地方経済の成熟を重要視した。
- From this, researchers of the first generation born after World War II focused greatly on multilayered combination relationships between manor lords and 'bushidan' as well as the growth of social and district economics mediated by the estate that led to it.
- そして西の麻生津口と北の学文路口を特に重視して、麻生津口に南蓮上院弁仙(遊佐信教の子)、学文路口に花王院快応(畠山昭高の子)を大将として配置した。
- It especially emphasized on the west Ouzu guchi and the north Kamuro guchi and allocated Bensen of Nanrenjo-in Temple (a son of Nobunori YUSA) at Ouzu guchi and Kaio of Kao-in Temple (a son of Akitaka HATAKEYAMA) at Kamuro guchi as a commander.
- 京都における官衙を含めた領主権力が強化され、座の権威を無視して営業税をかけたり、地方の商工業者が地元の領主と結びついて座の権威打破を図ろうとした。
- The power of feudal lords including government offices in Kyoto was increased, which made it possible for them to impose business taxes without the consent of za; further, local merchants and manufacturers tried to destroy the authority of za in cooperation with local lords.
- 院政期になり北面武士・追捕使・押領使・各地の地方武士団が成立すると、質を重視する院は次第に防人軍団の規模を縮小し、大宰府消滅とともに消えていった。
- When Hokumen no Bushi (Northern Guard), Tsuibushi (Pursuit and Apprehension Agents), Oryoshi (Suppression and Control Agent) and regional samurai groups formed during Japan's period of cloistered imperial rule, the cloistered emperors who emphasized the quality of troops gradually reduced the sizes of sakimori legions, and the system eventually vanished along with the Dazaifu.
- 身分秩序を無視して公家や天皇といった時の権威を嘲笑し、粋で華美な服装や振る舞いを好む美意識であり、後の戦国時代における下剋上的行動の一種とされる。
- Basara represents a particular aesthetics in which people disregarded social class or rank, laughed scornfully at authorities such as court nobles or the Emperor, and esteemed fashionable and glamorous garments or behaviors; it was considered to be a type of behavior that was manifested in gekokujo (an inversion of the social order in which the lowly people reigned over the elite), which flourished in the subsequent Sengoku period (the period of warring states).
- また、用件によっては六波羅探題を無視して朝廷と直接交渉したり、あるいは六波羅探題に対して直接指揮命令を下すことが出来る権限を与えられる事もあった。
- Depending on the issue, the toshi was able to pass over the Rokuhara Tandai and negotiate directly with the Court, or sometimes it was granted the authority to issue orders directly to Rokuhara Tandai.
- 樺太を視察した黒田は「現状では樺太は3年もたない」という深刻な報告を行ない、対抗する国力を充実させるために北海道の開拓に力を入れるべきだと論じた。
- After making an inspection of Sakhalin, KURODA prepared a serious report that Sakhalin would be overtaken by Russia within three years unless the current situation changed, and claimed the importance of development of Hokkaido to gain more competing powers against Russia.
- 征韓論をめぐって、強硬派の江藤新平・西郷隆盛・副島種臣・板垣退助・後藤象二郎の5人は大久保利通・岩倉具視らと対立し参議を辞任した(明治六年政変)。
- Colliding with Toshimichi OKUBO, Tomomi IWAKURA and their sympathizers over Seikanron (debate on subjugation of Korea), the 5 hardliners such as Shinpei ETO, Takamori SAIGO, Taneomi SOEJIMA, Taisuke ITAGAKI and Shojiro GOTO resigned from the post of Sangi (councilor) (Meiji roku-nen no Seihen (Political Upheaval of 1873)).
- 例えば「刀を抜く」という仕草の場合、扇子を柄に見立てて抜いた後、鍔元から切先まで視線を動かしながら見ると、刀の長さが観客に伝わるという口伝がある。
- For example, there is a tradition within the rakugo community that the gesture of drawing a sword can be well conveyed to the audience by moving a folded fan like the hilt of a sword, and then by shifting the eyes from the end of the fan to a point of empty space representing the point of the sword to indicate the length of the blade.
- また、柳田国男は冬祭りの中心となる旧暦11月が冬至を含む時期であり春に向かう転機であることを指摘し、日本の祭りは本来旧暦11月を重要視したと説く。
- In addition, Kunio YANAGITA claimed that, in Japanese festivals, November in the old lunar calendar was regarded as important because November when the most winter festivals were cerebrated includes the winter solstice and it indicates the turning point going towards spring.
- 唐物茶器はこんにちでも窯跡が明らかでないような、したがって当時としても陶磁界の主流でない珍奇なものが日本人独自の視点で捜し求められたといっていい。
- Since which kilns they were fired in is not clear even today, it can be said that it was a unique viewpoint of the Japanese that led them to seek what were even then minor and rare karamono tea bowls.
- こうした反平氏の動きの背景には、平氏が現地勢力を軽視して自らの家人や係累を優先して平氏知行国や平氏所領の支配に当たらせていたことへの反発があった。
- The background for anti-Taira movements was because there was animosity towards the Taira clan, who gave precedence to their own vassals and related persons while preventing local forces from ruling Taira clan governed provinces and property.
- しかし、徳川家康が江戸幕府を開いた江戸時代以降、長幼の序を重んじる徳川将軍家により、嫡流の地位は徳川氏の政権下にあって再び重視されるようになった。
- Since the Edo period when Ieyasu TOKUGAWA established the Edo bakufu, however, the position of chakuryu was emphasized again because the Tokugawa Shogun family highly valued choyo no jo (Confucian teaching regarding the relationship between senior and junior).
- 正月6日上皇が八条堀河の藤原顕長邸に御幸して桟敷で八条大路を見物していたところ、堀河にあった材木を外から打ちつけ視界を遮るという嫌がらせを行った。
- On February 21, Goshirakawa went on an imperial visit to FUJIWARA no Akinaga's residence in the Horikawa area of Hachijo (Eighth Avenue), but as he was sightseeing from a box set up alongside the Hachijo thoroughfare, he suffered harassment in the form of some trees that were sent crashing down from outside the box to obstruct his view.
- また、この仕官の際の面接においても、家柄や血筋ではなく、「いかに過去、武功を挙げたか」という部分を重視し、その話を聞くのが大好きであったとされる。
- In the interview with the applicant, he emphasized 'how the military achievement was made in the past' and he was willing to hear the story.
- 小楠は、「公共」性・「公共」圏を実現するために、「講習討論」「朋友講学」といった身分階層を超えた討議を政治運営のもっとも重要な営為として重視した。
- Shonan emphasized the debate such as 'Koshu Toron' and 'Meiho Kogaku', which were beyond status hierarchy, as the most important agency for the management of politics to represent 'public' nature and 'public' area.
- 大正期に入ると、マルクス唯物史観が重んじる歴史法則性を強く否定視する歴史理論(カントやディルタイ)が紹介され、歴史哲学への関心を高める契機となった。
- Entering the Taisho period, the historical theory (by Kant and Dilthey) strongly denying the concept of considering that history progresses according to a law, a concept strongly supported in Marxism-based materialistic views of history, was introduced, strengthening interests in the philosophy of history.
- しかし、清韓自身は家康の諱を「かくし題」とした意識的な撰文であると弁明しており、五山の僧の答申はいずれも諱を避けなかったことについて問題視している。
- However, Seikan himself expressed an apology that the inscription was selected intentionally because it included a phrase with Ieyasu's imina hidden in it, and each priest in the Gozan reported that it was a problem that Seikan did not avoid Ieyasu's imina.
- 明治10年(1877年)、西南戦争の征討総督として九州赴任中の熾仁親王からの呼び出しにより、稠宮は船で鹿児島に赴き、熾仁親王と共に戦地跡を視察した。
- In 1877 Imperial Prince Taruhito, the Governor-General for the Suppression of the Seinan War called Sawanomiya, went to Kagoshima by ship and inspected the place where the War was taking place, together with the Prince.
- 東京は、様式美を重視する傾向があるので様々で、上方とおなじ白の他に、赤の下に白を着る(市村羽左衛門 (15代目)、坂東三津五郎 (7代目))やり方。
- Tokyo had a tendency to focus greatly on performance beauty and used various colors, including same white as Kamigata, or white under red (ICHIMURA Uzaemon (fifteenth generation) and Mitsugoro BANDO (seventh generation)).
- 着物や髪型、化粧、簪など、本物の舞妓衣装には、経験年数や季節感に基づいた多くの約束事があるが、観光舞妓の場合、これを無視した取り合わせになっている。
- There are many dress codes for a real maiko, including what types of kimono, hairstyle, makeup and kanzashi should be used and how, based on their careers and the seasons, while a kanko maiko is dressed up without being bound by such dress codes.
- 浄瑠璃とは、簡単にいえば、物語性を重視した声楽で、複数の登場人物の詞(ことば)、背景説明、情景描写、心理描写などをすべて表現する「語りもの」である。
- To put it simply, pure joruri is vocal music that emphasizes stories and can be called a kind of narrative in which, concerning a story, the characters' words, background explanations, depictions of scenes and psychological descriptions are all expressed vocally.
- 『道中日記』は、「内容豊富で、異色に富み、とくに民俗関係資料に見るべきものが少なくない」点で際立ったもので、その人類学的な視線の向けようが興味深い。
- 'Dochu Nikki' is an outstanding diary in 'variety of the records, uniqueness and a lot of information about the folks,' and it has an interesting anthropological aspect as well.
- しかし、日野富子が甥である義材を後援し、また、翌1490年(延徳2年)に義政が死去すると、義視の出家などを条件として義材の10代将軍就任が決定する。
- However, Tomiko HINO supported her nephew Yoshiki, and after the death of Yoshimasa the following year, in 1490, Yoshiki was chosen to be the tenth shogun on, among others, the condition of Yoshimi becoming a monk.
- 後世、神仏習合の教説で蔵王権現と同一視されたため、明治時代の神仏分離以降に、従来蔵王権現を祭神としていた神社で安閑天皇を祭神とし直したところが多い。
- In future generations, as Emperor Ankan was identified with Zao Gongen (the principal image of the Kimpusen Zaodo, and the highest worship object of the Shugendo) according to the teaching of syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism, the Shinto shrines which conventionally assumed Zao Gongen as an enshrined deity, replaced Zao Gobgen with Emperor Ankan as an enshrined deity after the separation of Buddhism and Shintoism in the Meiji Period.
- 平成18年(2006年)には父・秋篠宮文仁親王の三重県訪問に同行し伊勢神宮神宮式年遷宮の行事「神宮式年遷宮御木曳行事」を視察し、自ら行事に参加した。
- In 2006, the princess accompanied her father Imperial Prince Akishinonomiya Fumihito when he visited Mie Prefecture and she observed and participated in 'Okihikigyoji' (the event to carry the lumber into the reconstruction site), one of the events in Jingu Shikinen Sengu (the event to reconstruct a shrine building every 20 years) of Ise Shrine.
- 明治5年(1872年)には渡欧して各国の警察制度を視察し、帰国後はジョゼフ・フーシェに範をとったフランスの警察制度を参考にした警視庁の創設に努めた。
- In 1872 he went to Europe to learn the police systems in countries, and after returning to Japan, he made Joseph Fouche his model and endeavored to establish the Keishi-cho with reference to the French police system.
- 東京府職員(参事)から教部省(大丞)を皮切りに、酒田県・山形県・福島県・栃木県の各県令、内務省 (日本)土木局長(県令と兼任)、警視総監を歴任した。
- Starting with a personnel in Tokyo-fu Prefecture (a councilor) to a Taijo (Senior Secretary) in Kyobusho (the Ministry of Religion), he successively filled posts of Kenrei of several prefectures, including Sakata Prefecture, Yamagata Prefecture, Fukushima Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, the head of engineering bureau (served concurrently as Kenrei) in prewar Ministry of Home Affairs (Japan) and the Tokyo Metropolitan Police commissioner.
- ただし、そうした場合には技術・学術が実際に継承されているという点が重要視されており、そうした技術が衰退すれば世習の家柄でも子孫への継承が困難となった。
- However, in these cases, it was important that the actual techniques and knowledge were passed down, but if such techniques had declined, passing down the position was difficult even for a descendant of a hereditary family.
- この事を反省して、旧式ではあっても継戦能力に優れた前装銃が各地に分散保管されている状況を危険視した政府は、西南戦争後の明治11年からこれらを回収した。
- So as not to repeat that mistake, the government started to withdraw the muzzle loaders, which were an older model but superior in the ability to continue war and stored in various places throughout the nation, in 1878 after the end of the Seinan War.
- 古代の氏制度以来、一族の家系・家格・家祭・家業・家産・家門・家職の維持・継承が日本の上流階層特に本家・嫡流と呼ばれる家においては最も重要視されてきた。
- Ever since the clan system was established in ancient Japan, it has been deemed to be most important for those people in the upper class, especially in the families called honke (the head family) or chakuryu (the main branch of the family) to maintain and succeed for generations the line, status, rite, business, properties, kamon (family), and trade or profession of the family.
- NHK教育テレビジョン、MBS毎日放送、ABC朝日放送、KTV関西テレビ放送、YTV讀賣テレビ放送については、生駒山からの電波を直接受信して視聴する。
- Local households receive TV signals directly from Mt. Ikoma when watching the programs by NHK Educational TV, MBS Mainichi Broadcasting System, Asahi Broadcasting Corporation, KTV Kansai Telecasting Corporation, and YTV Yomiuri Telecasting Corporation.
- 義材は義視とともに上洛して10代将軍に推挙されるが、足利義政や細川政元などは、堀越公方足利政知の子で天龍寺香厳院主となっていた清晃(足利義澄)を推す。
- Yoshiki returned to Kyoto with Yoshimi and was put forward as the tenth shogun, but some people, including Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA and Masamoto HOSOKAWA, supported Seiko (Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA), the son of Masatomo ASHIKAGA who was the Horikoshi Governor-General, and was the head of the Kyogon-in of Tenryu-ji Temple at that time.
- なお、『姓氏録』を基に栗隈王の父を難波皇子とする説が広く行われているが、二者の活動年代には隔たりが大きく(約80年)、父子関係を疑問視する向きもある。
- There is an opinion that Kurikuma no Okimi was a prince of the Prince Naniwa, which is based on the description in 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (New Selection and Record of Hereditary Titles and Family Names), but considering the long gap (about 80 years) between their active periods, some are dubious about their relation as a father and a son.
- 摂関政治期になると、后腹以外の天皇の子女は臣籍降下する例がほとんどとなり、一品叙位の条件も二品の経歴よりも天皇や摂関との関係が重視されるようになった。
- During the Sekkanseiji Period (the period of Sekkan [regents and advisers] govern the country), most of the emperor's children except children by empresses demoted from nobility to subject; the requirements for conferring Ippon came to emphasized more on their relationship with the emperor and regents, and less on a career in Nihon.
- 白河天皇や摂関家など、当時の支配者が義家を危険視したという竹内理三、安田元久の論は、当時の国土のほとんどが荘園となっていたという認識を前提としている。
- According to arguments made by Rizo TAKEUCHI and Motohisa YASUDA, the rulers at that time, including Emperor Shirakawa and the Sekkan-ke, viewed Yoshiie as a dangerous individual based on the fact that most of the country was divided into shoen (manors).
- 明治6年(1873年)の征韓論をめぐる政府内での対立では、西郷隆盛らの征韓派と、岩倉具視や大久保利通らの征韓反対派の板ばさみになり、岩倉を代理とする。
- In 1873, when the government divided over the Seikan-ron, the debate over whether to send troops to Korea or not, he was torn between the people who supported it, like Takamori SAIGO, and those who opposed to it, like Tomomi IWAKURA and Toshimichi OKUBO, finally choosing Iwakura as his representative.
- 神職を育成する数少ない大学、皇學館大学の創始者としても知られるほか、親王が書き残した日記は『朝彦親王日記』と呼ばれ、幕末維新史料として重視されている。
- He is also known as the founder of Kogakkan University, one of a few educational institutes that train Shinto priests, and his 'Diaries of Imperial Prince Asahiko' are valuable historical materials on the closing days of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the Meiji Restoration.
- 『歌よみに与ふる書』における歌論は俳句のそれと同様、写生・写実による現実密着型の生活詠の重視と『万葉集』の称揚・『古今集』の否定に重点が置かれている。
- The karon (an essay on waka poems) written in 'Utayomi ni ataeru sho' (Letters to Tanka Poets) placed an emphasis on the close observation in life of realism by sketches and graphics and included praise for 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) while rejecting 'Kokinshu' (praise of 'Collection of Ancient and Modern Literatures).
- 貞観 (日本)13年(871年)に算博士の官位相当が正七位下に引き上げられたのも、算道の隆盛とは正反対の算博士の算道以外の職務が重視された結果であった。
- In 871, in stark contrast to Sando's waning prosperity, the official court rank equivalent to San hakase was raised to Shoshichiinoge (Senior Seventh Rank, Lower Grade), a result of the high regard given to the duties of the San hakase other than Sando.
- ただし、武装集団である武士社会の行動原理に、現代社会ではヤクザなどの暴力団組織に特徴的に認められる行動原理が無視できないほど共通しているのも確かである。
- It is certain that the behavioral principle of bushi society, which were an armed group, is significantly similar to the behavioral principle which is characteristically seen in a gangster organization like yakuza and so on in modern society.
- これにならい、諸大名からも続々と見舞いの使者が訪れたが、その中には当の水戸藩の者もおり、彦根藩士たちの憎悪に満ちた視線のなかで重役の応接を受けたと言う。
- Following this, various territorial lords sent envoys to express their sympathy, among them were executives of the Mito clan who were treated with contempt by soldiers of the Hikone clan.
- 堆積場からの鉱石くずの流出は、既に1902年の第二次鉱毒調査委員会で指摘されている(しかし、第二次鉱毒調査委員会は特にそれを問題視することはなかった)。
- The outflow of the mineral waste from the deposit sites had been already pointed out by the second Research Commission of the Mining Pollution of 1902 (although the committee failed to recognize the significance of it)
- ただし、間諜といっても、実際には時々命令を受け、江戸市中の情報を将軍に報告したり、身分を隠して地方に赴き情勢を視察したりしていた程度であるとされている。
- Even though they were secret agents, their actual jobs were not so serious, for example, informing the shogun of the news in Edo city and visiting rural areas for inspection with their identity concealed.
- 第7編「国民の職分を論ず」において、主君のために自分の命を投げ出す忠君義士の討死と、主人の命令を守れなかったために首をくくった権助の死を同一視している。
- In the seventh volume 'Consideration of the jobs of people', he painted a very loyal hero who sacrificed himself to his lord, and an ordinary man who killed himself because he could not uphold the order from his lord, with the same brush.
- 当時の風俗はどんなものであったか、どのような事件があってどう受け止められていたか、大衆がどのような事象に興味を持っていたか、を視覚的に知ることができる。
- Through shinbun-nishiki-e, we can visually learn what the manners and customs in those days were, what incidents happened then and how people understood them, and what events people were interested in.
- 後に仏教が普及すると、カヤノヒメが霧の神、暗闇の神、惑わしの神を産んだとされることから、野槌は妖怪変化を産む神とみなされ、野槌自体も次第に妖怪視された。
- After Buddhism spread in Japan, Kaya no Hime began to be considered to have been the mother of the god of fog, of the god of darkness and of the god of worldly desires, therefore, Nozuchi began to be considered to be a god bearing various specters, and Nozuchi itself was gradually considered to be a specter or a govlin.
- このため、宇佐神宮の神託の内容が実際に皇位継承に関するものだったのか疑問視する意見や、皇位を継承させたがったのは称徳天皇の方ではないかという意見もある。
- Accordingly, some doubt whether the oracle of Usa-jingu Shrine really was about imperial succession, and the others speculate that it may be the Empress Shotoku herself who wished Dokyo's succession of the imperial throne.
- 文久2年(1862年)10月、右近衛権少将となり、幕府への攘夷督促の副使として、正使三条実美とともに江戸に向かい、勝海舟と共に江戸湾岸の視察などを行う。
- In October 1862, he became Ukon no Gon no Shosho (Provincial Minor Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards), and as a vice commander to promote Joi (expulsion of the foreigners), he headed toward Edo with commander Sanetomi SANJO, and carried out inspections of the Edo bay area with Kaishu KATSU and others.
- その反面、信長のように身分や序列を無視した徹底的な能力主義をとることはなく、秀吉のように自らのカリスマ性や金、領地を餌に釣って家臣を増やす事もなかった。
- On the other hand, he did not employ complete meritocracy as Nobunaga did, where social statuses and social orders were ignored, nor did he increase his retainers as Hideyoshi did, based on his own charisma, or by using money or a territory as a lure.
- これによって、延喜・天暦期を特別に重視することなく、9世紀から11世紀までの期間を律令国家期から王朝国家期への移行期としてとらえる見解が通説となっている。
- Following this reappraisal, the view that the period from the 9th century to the 11th century was a transition period from the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes to a dynastic state system became commonly accepted, without focusing on the Engi and Tenryaku eras too much.
- 直後、再度渡米して、帝政ロシアを敵視するアメリカ合衆国のユダヤ人銀行家ジェイコブ・シフと接触し、残額500万ポンドの外債引き受けおよび追加融資を獲得した。
- Korekiyo travelled back to the United States immediately afterwards and contacted Jacob Schiff, a Jewish banker in the United Stateswho regarded Tsarist Russia as an enemy, and secured another 5 million pounds from him in the form of foreign bonds and additional loans.
- 本人の日誌によれば、侍への同情も感じながら、この形での処刑はフランス側が望むように戒めになるところか、逆に侍が英雄視されると理解し、中断させたそうである。
- In his own diary, the chief wrote that while he felt pity for the retainers, he also thought the execution in that manner would not serve as a warning against future killing but it would merely hero-worship the retainers and that was why he stopped the execution.
- そのため、政府は一旦は派兵の延期を決定するが、長崎に待機していた西郷率いる征討軍3000名(薩摩藩・藩士編成をした政府軍)はこれを無視して出兵を決断した。
- Therefore, the government once decided to postpone the dispatch, but 3,000 members of the expeditionary force (government army consisting of feudal retainers of Satsuma Domain) led by Saigo, who had been on standby in Nagasaki, disobeyed it and made a decision to depart for Taiwan.
- そのため、豊臣方の制止を無視して「だまし討ち的に」内堀まで埋め立てたとする通説は俗説であるが、以上のような経緯が誇大に伝えられた結果と考えることができる。
- Therefore, a popular theory is that the Tokugawa side reclaimed even the uchibori 'in a cheating way', ignoring the determent of the Toyotomi side, however, the theory may have come from the results that the exaggerated above-mentioned process has been passed down
- またツバキは岬や海辺にたどり着いて聖域に生える特別な花として神聖視されていたことや、ツバキの花は境界に咲くことから、牛鬼出現の場所を表現するとの説もある。
- Others maintain that a camellia indicated where Ushioni appeared because a camellia was regarded as a special flower that came out on the sacred ground after reaching a peninsula or a beach and also because the flower blooms on a boundary.
- しかし、アルコール度数に基づく級別・課税というシステムが、酒の品質の良し悪しと対応していないなどの理由で、この制度を疑問視する声がしだいに高まっていった。
- However, more and more people started questioning this system for the reason that the classification and taxation system based on alcohol content did not correspond to the quality evaluation of sake.
- 講談 - 武士、男性社会、エラい人の物語、タテマエ、演者と客との心理的距離の遠さ、公式的見解、無矛盾性、地の文による客観的描写、語りのテンポと歯切れを重視
- Kodan features: samurai, male-dominated society, stories on great people, public stances, psychologically great distance between the performer and the audience, official views, consistency, objective depiction in descriptive texts, and emphasis on tempo of narrative.
- この結果茶道史において、村田珠光が浄土宗信徒であり、また北向道陳が日蓮宗信徒である点などが恣意的に無視されてきたという歴史は反省しなければならないだろう。
- As a result of this, some facts were arbitrary ignored in the history of tea ceremony, including that Juko MURATA was a believer of the Jodo-shu sect and Dochin KITAMUKI was a believer of the Nichiren sect; this is the material for reflection.
- 豊臣秀吉の死後、次の天下人の座を狙う徳川家康は、慶長5年、度重なる上洛命令を無視した上杉景勝を公儀に反抗する逆臣として征伐すると称し、会津攻めを開始した。
- After the death of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who was seeking the post of tenkabito (the ruler of the kingdom), began invading the Aizu Domain to attack Kagekatsu UESUGI's army in 1600, claiming that Uesugi was a treacherous retainer who rebelled against the administrative authority because he had often ignored the order to go to the capital.
- 1720年(享保5年)に著された「大明律例訳義」は人道・恤刑思想を重視して正確かつ平易(当時の日本で使われている用語に置き換えた)を旨とした全訳書である。
- Authored in 1720, 'Daiminritsureiyakugi' is a complete translation based on accuracy and simplicity (translated into terms used in Japan at that time), with a focus on thoughts on humanity and merciful punishment.
- 白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させて院政を開始する事になった。
- In the following year, Emperor Shirakawa disregarded his father's will, making his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito (who later became Emperor Horikawa) an Imperial Prince; the same day, he abdicated the throne in favor of Imperial Prince Taruhito accordingly and Emperor Horikawa ascended to the throne, thus initiating the government by the Retired Emperor Shirakawa.
- その後親王宣下を受けるが、これが昨今の皇位継承問題 (平成)において臣籍に産まれた人物が皇籍についた事が旧皇族復帰を推す勢力に先例として重要視されている。
- Subsequently, he was given the title of Imperial Prince and in the latest issue on deciding the successor of the Imperial Throne in the Heisei period, this has been valued as a precedent by the group supporting the resurrection of the former Imperial Family, as it meant a commoner had entered the Imperial Family.
- 華族制度の策定にあたった伊藤博文は『公卿』、広沢真臣・大久保利通・副島種臣は『貴族』、岩倉具視は『勲家』・『名族』・『公族』・『卿家』等の案を持っていた。
- The persons who were engaged in compiling the kazoku system had their own idea for the title of the class: Hirobumi ITO suggested 'Kugyo' (compound of 'Ko' and 'Kei' which originally meaning the top court officials); Saneomi HIROSAWA, Toshimichi OKUBO, and Taneomi SOEJIMA suggested 'kizoku' (originally meaning nobles); and Tomomi IWAKURA suggested 'kunke' (families that contributed to the nation greatly), 'meizoku' (noble families), 'kozoku' (families of 'Ko') and 'gyoke' (families of 'Kei').
- 欧州視察後、明治元年(1868年)に明治新政府の参与職外国事務掛となり、外国官権判事、大阪府権判事兼任として大阪に赴任し、堺事件などの外交処理にあたった。
- After visiting Europe, he became a Sanyo (junior councilor) of foreign affairs office under the new Meiji government in 1868, and he worked at Osaka to serve as Assistant Judicial Officer of foreign affairs office and Osaka prefectural judge and handled diplomatic issues including Sakai incident.
- その一方で、時代が転換期を迎えたことを多くの人びとが感じとり、そのなかで歴史を冷静にみつめる視点が育まれて『栄花物語』や『大鏡』などの歴史物語があらわれた。
- A number of people felt that they were in the transition period, and the view point to matter-of-factly see the history was developed among them, thus, historical tales such as 'Eiga Monogatari' (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes) or 'Okagami' (the Great Mirror) appeared.
- 一方、朝鮮の両班階層(支配層)の間では明の援軍のおかげにより朝鮮は滅亡を免れたのだという意識(「再造之恩」)が強調され、明への恩義を重視する思想が広まった。
- On the other hand, among yangban (traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea) (ruling class) of Korea, understanding that Korea could narrowly avoid ruin thanks to reinforcements from Ming ('再造之恩') was underscored and the thought to attach importance to gratitude towards Ming spread widely.
- 更には本陣備のみならずその他の備も視野に収めたより大規模な小荷駄も含まれている(図3では省略しているが家康本陣備には陣場奉行・小屋営作奉行などが存在する)。
- Moreover, it also included large-scale provisions transporters which oversaw other sonae in addition to the army headquarters sonae (it is omitted in Figure 3, but there exist a jinbabugyo (camp commissioner) and a commissioner managing the temporary quarters construction in Ieyasu's army headquarters sonae).
- 上記のように企業としては戦後派であるが、撮影所は東西ともに帝キネ→新興→大映第二(東横)を引き継いでおり、徹底して大衆娯楽路線を重視する路線なども似ている。
- As outlined above, Toei is categorized as a company which was established after World War Two, but both its eastern and western studios took over those of Teikoku Kinema Engei Kabushiki Gaisha (Imperial Cinema Entertainment Company), Shinko, and Daiei Second (Toyoko) and as with these studios, Toei specifically focused on mass entertainment.
- この事件により、山本権兵衛内閣は総辞職、警視総監・湯浅倉平、警視庁警務部長・正力松太郎らが懲戒免職、難波の出身地である山口県の知事が2ヶ月間の減給となった。
- Due to the Incident, the Gonbei YAMAMOTO cabinet resigned en masse, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Commissioner Kurahei YUASA and Director of Police Administration of Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department Matsutaro SHORIKI were given a dishonorable discharge, and the governor of Yamaguchi Prefecture, where Nanba was born, was reprimanded with a pay cut for two months.
- 錦絵新聞の成功を追うように平仮名絵入新聞のような、絵と振り仮名をそなえた小新聞が発行され始めると、それに押されるように錦絵新聞は大衆の視野から消えていった。
- When small-scale newspapers each including pictures and furigana like hiragana-eiri-shinbun started to be issued as if they followed the success of nishiki-e-shinbun, nishiki-e-shinbun disappeared from the visual field of the general public as it was overwhelmed by those small-scale newspapers.
- この他にも調理人独自の料理として、スパイダーロールやダイナマイトロール、レインボーロールといった素材ではなく視覚的な名称を伴った様々な巻き寿司が出来ている。
- In addition, various sushi dishes with visual names, such as spider roll, dynamite roll, and rainbow roll, each specific to the sushi chef, have appeared.
- その他に利家自身が傾奇者であったと事や、傾きの風潮を好んでいたという史実も無視されて、むしろ傾奇者の慶次に対し、無理解で頑固な利家という風に描写されている。
- Furthermore, the historical fact that Toshiie himself was a kabukimono and preferred the tendency of kabuki is ignored, or rather Toshiie is described as if he were a stubborn man who was unsympathetic toward kabukimono Keiji.
- しかし慶応2年(1866年)、藩命で長崎を視察したとき、ここで後藤象二郎や坂本龍馬と交わって、攘夷の不可なるを悟り、次第に倒幕へ傾いていったといわれている。
- However, it is said that when he inspected Nagasaki by the command of his domain in 1866, he met Shojiro GOTO and Ryoma SAKAMOTO there, and he realized that the expulsion of foreigners was impossible, so he gradually got into overthrowing the Shogunate.
- 沢柳事件の経緯と結末により「大学自治の本山」とみなされた京大は、1930年代以降、戦時体制のもとで大学への統制を進めようとする勢力からは敵視されるようになる。
- Kyoto Imperial University, which was regarded as 'the center of university autonomy' thanks to the development and conclusion of the Sawayanagi incident, came to be regarded as an enemy by people who intended to place universities under the government's control under the wartime regime in 1930's.
- 李氏朝鮮王朝では釜山に集結中の日本軍を朝鮮水軍で攻撃するように命令したが、度重なる命令無視のために三道水軍統制使の李舜臣は罷免され、後任には元均が登用された。
- Although Yi Dynasty Korea ordered the Korean navy to attack the Japanese army that had assembled in Busan, Yi Sun-sin, who was the Naval Commander of the Three Provinces, was removed from his post because of repeatedly ignoring orders and Won Gyun was appointed the successor.
- しかし、濃度が高くなった場合は、屋外の風景全体が黄味や赤味を帯びた色に見えるようになって、視界が極端に悪くなるとともに、さまざまな被害が報告されるようになる。
- However, when the density becomes high, outdoor landscape becomes yellowish or reddish, visibility becomes affected seriously, and various kinds of damages are reported.
- 蘇我蝦夷、蘇我入鹿親子は死んだが、大化の改新で、いとこの蘇我倉山田石川麻呂は右大臣になっており、蘇我氏は、大化政権にとっても未だ無視できない勢力を保っていた。
- SOGA no Emishi and SOGA no Iruka, parent and child, died but through the Taika Reforms, SOGANOKURA-YAMADA no Ishikawamaro, a cousin of Iruka, became Udaijin, indicating that the Soga clan still maintained influence not negligible for the Taika regime.
- 朝鮮半島の高麗・李氏朝鮮では、国内文書や史書などに「倭」「倭奴」の記述が見られるが、これについて、高麗・朝鮮が日本を蔑視していたことの表れだとする指摘がある。
- Descriptions of 'wa' and '倭奴' can be found in domestic literatures and history books at the ages of Goryeo and Joseon Dynasty in Korean Peninsula, and some people says that is the express of contempt for Japan by Goryeo and Joseon Dynasty.
- なおこの時期の大衆音楽をも「演歌」扱いすることがあるが、本来的には演歌・歌謡曲・声楽曲全ての音楽性が渾然一体となった独特の音楽性を持っており、同一視出来ない。
- Although popular music around that time is sometimes categorized as 'enka,' it intrinsically has unique musical characteristics harmoniously combining all of musical elements of enka, kayo kyoku, and vocal music, so it cannot be identical with enka music.
- 簡体字が視覚的に美しくないということで繁体字での書道教育も模索された時期があるものの、政策としての簡体字推進に矛盾することから現在は簡体字の指導で統一される。
- There was a time when Shodo education by traditional Chinese was sought due to lack of visual beauty in simplified Chinese, but now the standard is to instruct the simplified characters because the traditional is not consistent with the political measures for promoting simplified Chinese.
- 慶応3年末、薩摩藩の大久保利通や公家の岩倉具視らの働きで発せられた王政復古 (日本)により、大阪に退いていた前徳川将軍家・徳川慶喜に対し辞官納地が命ぜられた。
- At the end of 1867, jikan-nochi (resignation from the government post and retrocession of the domain) was ordered against Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA of the former Tokugawa Shogunate family, who had retreated to Osaka due to the restoration of Imperial rule (in Japan), was initiated by Toshimichi OKUBO of the Satsuma domain and the court noble, Tomomi IWAKURA.
- 1438年、6月に持氏の嫡子賢王丸(足利義久)が元服すると、憲実は慣例に従い将軍の一字拝領を賜るよう進言するが、持氏はこれを無視して「義久」と名乗らせている。
- In June in 1438, when Mochiie's legitimate child, Kenomaru (Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA) reached the manhood, Norizane advised Mochiuji to be received ichiji-hairyo of shogun (honorary use one Chinese character from the name of his lord) for his son following the custom, however, Mochiuji ignored this advice and named him 'Yoshihisa.'
- しかし、近年の研究では、今川義元側の見地として、西三河最大の今川の与党である岡崎松平家を重視しての(好意的な)政策だったという説も唱えられるようになってきた。
- As a result of recent studies, however, a number of theories arguing from Yoshimoto IMAGAWA's side claim that it was a (favorable) policy of the Imagawa family to attach great importance to the Okazaki Matsudaira family since it was the largest family on the Imagawa side in Nishimikawa (the western part of Mikawa Province).
- また、城砦としての防衛能力を重視した場所は必ずしも交通の便が良いところではなく、交易都市の色彩を強めるにつれ城が放棄され陣屋などに行政中心が移ったケースも多い。
- Additionally, places that placed an emphasis on defensive ability as a castle retreat were not in places with good transportation, and as they started to increasingly become trade cities, Jinya instead of castles became the center of government.
- 錦絵新聞(にしきえしんぶん)とは、日本の明治初期の数年間に発行されていた視覚的ニュース・メディアで、一つの新聞記事を浮世絵の一種である錦絵一枚で絵説きしたもの。
- Nishiki-e-shinbun (a newspaper having nishiki-e prints in it) refers to a visual news medium which was issued for several years in the early Meiji period in Japan, and was a newspaper which explained each one newspaper article using one nishiki-e (an especially colorful Japanese woodblock print) which was a kind of ukiyo-e (a Japanese wood-block print).
- 平氏一門は保元の乱の結果、清盛が播磨守、平頼盛が安芸守、平教盛が淡路守、平経盛が常陸介となり兄弟で四ヶ国の受領を占めるなど、その実力は無視できないものがあった。
- The end result of the Hogen Rebellion was favorable to the Taira clan, with Kiyomori made governor of Harima Province and TAIRA no Yorimori governor of Aki Province, TAIRA no Norimori governor of Awaji Province, and TAIRA no Tsunemori assistant governor of Hitachi Province; the Taira's power and influence, what with a single set of brothers now controlling four provinces, could no longer be ignored.
- しかし義弘の勢力を危険視した第3代将軍・足利義満の挑発に乗った義弘は、鎌倉公方の足利満兼と共謀して、応永6年(1399年)に堺で挙兵するも敗死した(応永の乱)。
- However, Yoshihiro was provoked by the third shogun, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, who regarded Yoshihiro's power as dangerous, to raise an army in conspiracy with the Kamakura Kubo, Mitsukane ASHIKAGA in Sakai in 1399, but he died in the action (the Oei War).
- 一族の中には、甥足利義兼や子山名義範、孫里見義成など、鎌倉を本拠とした頼朝のもとへ参じて挙兵に加わるものもあったが、義重自身は参陣の要請を無視し、静観していた。
- In the family, his nephew, Yoshikane ASHIKAGA, his child, Yoshinori YAMANA and his grandchild, Yoshinari SATOMI, etc. called on Yoritomo and joined in the army, however, Yoshishige himself ignored the request to join in the camp and kept watching the circumstances.
- 玄宗は君主が率先して孝を行うことを天下を安定させ、臣下はそうした主君の振舞いを見習うことを責務として考え、「君徳の涵養」と「主従の分別」を重要視したものとなった。
- Genso believed that a ruler taking the lead in displaying filial piety is able to stabilize the country, and that retainers are obliged to emulate the lord's behaviors, so he placed particular emphasis on 'Kuntoku no Kanyo' (fostering of virtue) and 'Shuju no Funbetsu' (categorization of master and servant).
- もともと、斉昭の藩主就任以来、水戸藩では斉昭に忠実な天狗党と幕府との関係を重視する諸生党の対立が激しかったが、密勅の対応をめぐり、さらに確執を深めることとなった。
- Originally, since Nariaki TOKUGAWA had assumed the lord of the domain, the Tenguto (the Tengu faction) who were royal to Nariaki had been in fierce conflict with the Shoseito (the Shosei faction) who emphasized the relationship with the bakufu, and the feud between them were intencified over how to handle this mitchoku.
- 初期の時代物映画や時代小説が、話の筋や芸術性よりも、派手で俗受けしやすい剣戟の場面を重視し、もっぱらそれのみへの興味によって制作されたところから来るものといえる。
- This is because the early historical movies and novels were produced only featuring flashy swordplay scenes that could be popular easily instead of focusing stories and artistic qualities.
- 寿司屋は、寿司(特に寿司握り寿司)を主として供する飲食店(サービス業)ではあるが、刺身を含め食材に生のものが多く鮮度も重視される点で、他の飲食店と決定的に異なる。
- A sushi restaurant is one (service business) which serves mainly sushi (especially nigirizushi [sushi shaped by hand]), but it is critically different from other restaurants in that freshness counts because the food materials include many perishables like sashimi (fresh slices of raw fish).
- 大正3年、警視総監の西久保弘道は、警察訓練所での講話『武道講話』(警察協会北海道支部 1915年)において武術の名称を「術」でなく「道」でなければならないとした。
- In 1914, when Hiromichi NISHIKUBO, the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Commissioner, delivered a lecture at the Police Training Center ('Budo Kowa' (The Lecture On Martial Arts), the Hokkaido Branch of the Police Association, 1915), he told that 'jutsu' (術, which means arts) in the name of bujutsu must be changed into 'do' (道, which means way).
- しかし鳥取藩の伊王野治郎左衛門(後の久美浜県知事)の仲介もあって、岩倉具視から鳥取藩に付属し「山国隊」と称するようにとの指示を受けることができ、山国隊が誕生した。
- But Jirozaemon IONO of Tottori Domain (who later became prefectural governor of Kumihama Prefecture) intervened in their support as well, and Tonomi IWAKURA officially linked them to Tottori Domain and gave them instructions to begin calling themselves the 'Yamagunitai' (Yamaguni army); with this, the Yamagunitai was born.
- が、一方で父・馬子の死後、蘇我氏に対する内外の風当たりが強くなる中で、皇族や諸豪族との融和を重視して、蘇我氏との血縁関係のない舒明天皇を即位させたという説もある。
- However, on the other hand, one theory says that Emishi, while there was growing criticism of the Soga clan from both inside and outside after his father Umako's death, enthroned the Emperor Jomei who did not have blood relationship with the Soga clan to value the harmony between the imperial family and various powerful families.
- しかし、清韓自身が家康の諱を「かくし題」とした意識的な撰文であると弁明しており、上記のとおり、五山の僧の答申はいずれも諱を避けなかったことについて問題視している。
- However, Seikan himself explained that the imina (personal name) of 家康 was inserted into the inscription intentionally, and each priest at Kyoto-Gozan replied that it was a problem not to have avoided including the imina.
- しかし、明治4年(1871年)旧11月、岩倉具視特命全権大使一行が欧米各国を歴訪した折、耶蘇教禁止令が各国の非難を浴びて、条約改正の交渉上障碍になるとの報告をした。
- However, because Japan were castigated by the world due to the Edict of the Prohibition of Christianity when they visited Europe and the United States in December, 1871, the members of the Iwakura Mission reported that the prohibition of Christianity could be an obstacle to negotiating the revision of the unequal treaty.
- 明治元年正月、福井藩出身の参与由利公正が、坂本龍馬の船中八策と似ている部分が多い議事之体大意五箇条を起案し、参与東久世通禧を通じて議定兼副総裁の岩倉具視に提出した。
- New Year in 1868, Sanyo (councilor), Kosei YURI from Fukui Domain made up Gijinoteitaii Five Articles which was partially similar to Senchu hassaku (the basic outline of the new regime drawn up by Ryoma SAKAMOTO) and submitted to gijo (official post) and vice-president, Tomomi IWAKURA through Sanyo, Michitomi HIGASHIKUZE.
- この「内縁」とは、堀部弥兵衛の後妻の実家忠見氏は吉良邸の隣人である本多長員(幕府から派遣される越前松平家家老(監視役))の家臣であることから忠見氏ともいわれている。
- Some suggest that this 'member from Kira's side' is thought to be a member of the Tadami clan since the house of Yahei HORIBE's second wife was the Tadami, and they were retainers of Kira's neighbor Nagakazu HONDA (chief retainer of the Matsudaira family in Echizen, who was sent from the bakufu (supervisor)).
- それまでの天誅は、開国派や公武合体派であった個人を狙ってのものが大半であったが、この事件では足利将軍の木像を梟首することで暗に倒幕の意味を持つものとして重視された。
- Heaven's punishment used to be given to those individuals that were a part of groups which were for opening Japan to the world, integrating the imperial court and the shogunate, but this incident was counted because destroying the heads of wooden images of the Ashikaga Shoguns implied that they wished to overthrow the Shogunate.
- 丹波国は古くより京都の出入口に当たる地理的条件から各時代の権力者から重要視され、播磨や大和などと並んで鎌倉時代の六波羅探題や江戸時代の京都所司代などの支配を受けた。
- Since ancient times, authorities have regarded Tanba as an important area due to its geographic situation as one of the entrances to Kyoto, so Tanba was, just like Harima and Yamato provinces, under control of the Rokuhara Tandai in the Kamakura period and the Kyoto Shoshidai in the Edo period.
- ただし、宮内庁ホームページのように「一般国民へのわかりやすさ」を重視する場面、あるいは植樹や供花などでは「皇太子妃」が、歌会始では「東宮妃」などの表記も用いられる。
- However, 'crown princess' is used on the website of the Imperial Household Agency which emphasizes the 'intelligibility to the general public' and in tree-planting ceremonies and floral tributes, and 'Princess Togu' is also used in New Year Imperial Poetry Reading.
- 元々崋山は貧しさをしのぐ目的もあり画業を始めたのだが、それが大きく花開き、また画業を習得する際に得た視野や人脈は、崋山の発想を大きくするために得がたいものとなった。
- Kazan had originally started painting partly for the purpose of supporting his family, but his talent brought great success, and the frame of reference and personal connections he obtained as he mastered painting were indispensable for enhancing his very original manner of thinking.
- 白米飯は庶民あこがれのご馳走であり、麦飯は貧民の食事として蔑まれていた世情を無視できず、また部隊長の多くも死地に行かせる兵士に白米を食べさせたいという心情があった。
- Polished rice used to be considered a feast common people dreamed of, while barley rice was looked down on as the food of the poor, and such thoughts could not be ignored, besides, most troop leaders wanted to give their soldiers the treat of polished rice before leaving for the front where they might be killed.
- やがて田染荘は九州に2万町歩を超す荘園を有する屈指の荘園主であった宇佐神宮に支配されるようになり、宇佐神宮の「本御荘十八箇所」と呼ばれる荘園のひとつとして重視された。
- Tashibu Manor eventually came under the control of Usa-jingu Shrine which possessed manors of more than 20,000 hectares in Kyushu, and was a valued as one of the manors known as 'Hongosho Juhakkasho' (lit. the 18 real manors).
- また、史学的な研究の進展によって、日本への鉄砲伝来は東南アジア交易に従事した倭寇勢力によって、短い間に西日本各地へ同時多発的に起こったとする説が有力視されてきている。
- With the advance of historical study, the most likely theory is now that the introduction of guns into Japan simultaneously took place at various places in southwestern Japan during a short period by wako (Japanese pirates) involved in trade with Southeast Asia.
- 江戸時代の国学発生以降、平安時代以前の語彙・語音を知る資料として、また社会・風俗・制度などを知る史料として国文学・日本語学・日本史の世界で重要視されている書物である。
- Since the time when the study of Japanese classical literatures started in the Edo period, it has been highly evaluated as a document where information about vocabulary and about pronunciations of words is available, and in addition, it has also been highly evaluated in the fields of Japanese literatures, of Japanese language study and of Japanese history, as a document in which information about states of society, customs and social systems is available.
- 同時期に仙北郡で極めて大規模な城柵として使わたのにも関わらず、記録が全く残っていない払田柵跡にあった施設で中央から監視しに来た人を接待したのではないかとする説もある。
- Another theory maintains that there has been no record of facilities at the site of the Hotta no saku (fort in Hotta), though they had constructed an extremely large fort, because officials sent from the central government to monitor the region were entertained in those facilities.
- そのような状況下で、消極論者の右大臣岩倉具視を擁しながら、漸進的な伊藤博文・井上馨(長州閥)とやや急進的な大隈重信(参議・大蔵卿・肥前藩出身)を中心に運営されていた。
- Under the condition, the dispute regarding introduction of constitutional government system was led by Tomomi IWAKURA, Minister of the Right, who was in a passive attitude, Hirobumi ITO and Kaoru INOUE, who aimed gradual introduction (Choshu clique), and Shigenobu OKUMA (Sangi, Okura-kyo [Minister of the Treasury], from Hizen Domain), who aimed earlier introduction.
- しかし無論、儒教思想がそのまま取り入れられた訳ではなく、儒学の中では『四書』の一つとして重要視されている『孟子』を、国体にそぐわないものであると評価する思想家も多い。
- However, it is not just an adoption of Confucian thought and many of the thinkers evaluated 'Moshi (Mencius)' which was emphasized as one of the 'The Four Books of Confucianism' that were unsuitable for national policy.
- また現代的視点では長崎の出島・堺を始めとした有力港湾を幕府直轄若しくは親藩・譜代大名領に組み入れることにより、幕府による管理貿易を行い収益を独占したという研究がある。
- Research from a modern standpoint suggests that the Bakufu implemented controlled trade to monopolize profits, which was realized by incorporating the flourishing harbors, such as Dejima in Nagasaki and Sakai, into dominions under direct control of the Bakufu or Daimyo domains of Fudai and Shinpan (hereditary Daimyo and relatives of the Tokugawa family).
- 蟇六夫婦は大塚家の下男・額蔵(犬川荘助)を信乃の監視にあてるが、ふとしたきっかけから信乃と額蔵は互いが同じ玉と痣を持っている事を知り、二人は密かに義兄弟の契りを結ぶ。
- Hikiroku and Kamezasa ordered Gakuzo (Sosuke INUKAWA), a houseboy working for the Otsuka family, to watch Shino, but by mere accident Shino and Gakuzo discovered that they had the same beads and bruise, and secretly decided to associate with each other as brothers (Gikyodai).
- 義政は子供に恵まれなかったために弟の足利義視を養子として後継者にする予定であったが、富子に息子・足利義尚が生まれると、後継者を巡って義視支持派と義尚支持派が対立した。
- Yoshimasa was not fortunate enough to have any sons, so he adopted his younger brother Yoshimi ASHIKAGA and appointed him his heir, but when Tomiko gave birth to a son, Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA, two rival factions, the faction supporting Yoshimi and the one supporting Yoshihisa, came into conflict.
- しかし、平安時代に入ると、譲位による皇位継承の複雑化に伴い、天皇の交代に伴う后位の引き上げや政治的な背景による后位の決定が恒常化し、天皇の血縁や配偶関係は無視された。
- However, once the Heian period started, the blood or marriage relationship with Emperor was ignored due to the complicated succession to the Imperial Throne caused by the abdication of several Emperors, which constantly led to elevate the lower position of a woman to 'Koi' in the changing of Emperor and also to appoint who was 'Koi' on the grounds of political background.
- 南蛮貿易のもたらす実利を重視した秀吉は京都にあった教会(南蛮寺)を破却、長崎の公館と教会堂を接収してはいるが、キリスト教そのものへのそれ以上の強硬な禁教は行っていない。
- Hideyoshi destroyed the Kyoto Church (Nanban-dera Temple) and confiscated the diplomatic offices and churches in Nagasaki, but did not uncompromisingly prohibit Christianity itself more than that because he highly regarded the practical gains brought by trade with Spain and Portugal.
- しかし、1990年代に黄砂現象の実態が詳しく分かるようになったことで、黄砂の実態把握には、数十年という長期間の監視体制を整える必要があることが次第に明らかになってきた。
- However, since the reality of kosa phenomena became known in details in 1990s, it became gradually clear that, to grasp the reality of kosa phenomena, it is necessary to deploy a monitoring system for a long period of several tens of years.
- しかしこの先例は、国司・田堵負名の間の個人的な約定であるともいえたため、新たに赴任した受領が前任者の先例を無視して、規定どおりの租税を田堵負名らに賦課することもあった。
- However, since such precedents could have been merely a personal agreements between the kokushi and tato fumyo, a new zuryo could ignore the precedent made by his predecessor to impose a prescribed tax to the tato fumyo.
- 役所で取り扱う文書には元号を使うこと、印鑑を押すこと、定められた形式に従って作成された文書以外は受理しないこと等々の、文書と手続きの形式を重視した文書主義が導入された。
- A document-based principle, attaching importance to the format of documents and procedures was introduced, which gave regulations such as using only the era name in the documents handled by government offices, affixing seals, accepting only the documents created in accordance with the predetermined format, and so on.
- 桂が出させたものであるとはいえ、「公家は天皇の藩屏でなければならない」と信じる西園寺にとって、自分が率いる政友会が天皇の詔勅を無視したことは許されないという論理である。
- Although it was a forced announcement by Katsura, Saionji, who believed that former court nobles should be 'hanpei' (protectors of the emperor) even after the Meiji Restoration, insisted that he himself was responsible and unforgivable as the leader of the party for the Seiyukai's neglect of the edict.
- また、二条摂政によって翌日朝にかけて行われた朝議では、毛利父子の官位復帰と入京の許可、岩倉具視ら勅勘の堂上家公卿の蟄居赦免と還俗、九州にある五卿の赦免などが決められた。
- A Court Council session was also held by Regent Nijo that night until morning, where it was decided that Mori and his son be reinstated and allowed to enter Kyoto, those Tosho family members (hereditary lineage of Court nobles occupying relatively high ranks) who were punished by the Emperor, including Tomomi IWAKURA, be pardoned and released from home arrest and return to secular life, and that five nobles in Kyushu be pardoned.
- 折りしも山縣有朋の御親兵設置構想が浮上すると大久保は岩倉具視とともに勅使として鹿児島に入って西郷説得に成功し、御親兵設置の企画推進のための出仕同意を取り付けたのである。
- When Aritomo YAMAGATA's plan of establishing goshimpei (army to convoy the Emperor) surfaced, Okubo went to Kagoshima as the Imperial envoy along with Tomomi IWAKURA and successfully persuaded Saigo to serve the government in order to establish goshimpei.
- 後に美濃国守護土岐頼遠が光厳上皇に矢を射掛ける事件を起こした際に、尊氏から事件の処理を任された弟の足利直義は幕府内外から起こる頼遠助命の声を無視してその斬首を強行した。
- Later on Military governor of Mino Province, Yorito TOKI threw an arrow at the Retired Emperor Kogon, Takauji's younger brother, Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA, who was asked to deal with this incident from Takauji, did not take the advice of other people inside and outside of the bakufu to save Yorito's life, and forced the death penalty on him.
- 元和4年(1618年)には女御御殿の造営が開始されるが、後水尾天皇の寵愛する女官四辻与津子(お与津御寮人)が皇子賀茂宮を出産していたことが判明すると入内は問題視される。
- In 1618 construction work of the Nyogo Palace was started, however, after it was found out Emperor Gomizunoo's favorite lady, a court lady, Yotsuko YOTSUTSUJI (Oyotsu oryonin) gave birth to Prince Kamo no Miya, the arrangement for Kazuko's entry into the court became complicated.
- この祭祀はすべての陵墓に等しく行われたのではなく、重要視されたものは近陵・近墓、そうでないものは遠陵・遠墓とのランク分けがなされ、祭祀に際しての貢物の量が異なっていた。
- This ritual was not equally performed for all imperial mausoleums; mausoleums were distinguished into groups of different ranks, from important ones built for the close relatives of the imperial family to less important ones for distant relatives, and amounts of offerings made in rituals also differed between mausoleums.
- 幸盛の行動は忠誠心溢れるもののように感じられるが、尼子氏の嫡流で当主である尼子義久らは毛利氏の監視下にあり、ある面から見れば幸盛の行動は主君の命に関わるものでもあった。
- While Yukimori's behavior can be appreciated to demonstrate ample loyalty, from another point of view, his actions can be seen to have endangered the life of his lord in so far as Yoshihisa AMAGO, who was a direct descendant and head of the Amago family, as well as some of other members of the family, came to be kept under the surveillance of the Mori clan.
- 幕府では井伊直弼が大老に就任し、日米修好通商条約の締結、紀伊藩の徳川慶福(徳川家茂)を将軍後継に決定して将軍継嗣問題の解決を図るなど朝廷の意向を無視した強硬政治を行った。
- Naosuke II was appointed Tairo (Chief Minister) in the Shogunate and drove policies against the wishes of the Imperial Court, such as signing the Japan-US Treaty of Amity and Commerce and arbitrarily naming Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA (Iemochi TOKUGAWA) of the Kii Domain as the next shogun.
- いわゆる藩閥出身者が殆どを占め、長州藩・薩摩藩出身者が各4名ずつ入閣させる(ただし、薩摩閥の中核と見られていた黒田清隆は当初入閣せず)などのバランス重視型の布陣となった。
- Organized with an emphasis on balanced assignment, the cabinet consisted mainly of people from domain cliques, with 4 people from the Choshu Domain and four from the Satsuma Domain being inducted into the cabinet (however, Kiyotaka KURODA, who was thought to be the central figure of the Satsuma clique, did not get a place in the Cabinet at that time).
- 幽霊(ゆうれい)は、日本の民間信仰の中で、人が死亡して、肉体から魂が離れた後も、未練や遺恨を解くために、現世(うつしよ)に残り、生前の姿で幽か(かすか)に可視化したもの。
- In Japanese folk belief, yurei are faintly visible figures who have remained in Utsushiyo (the land of the living) even after their soul left their body after death, in order to resolve some form of lingering attachment or to seek revenge for a wrong.
- 当初、新政府内では公家や旧大名が中心を占めていたが、東京へ遷ったことも一つのきっかけとして、次第に三条実美、岩倉具視、木戸孝允、大久保利通らの発言権が大きくなっていった。
- In the beginning the court nobles and the former feudal lords had the power in the new government, gradually a group of people such as Sanetomi SANJO, Tomomi IWAKURA, Takayoshi KIDO, Toshimichi OKUBO started having a voice in politics, and one of the reason for this was the moving of the Imperial Palace to Tokyo.
- 1916年(大正5年)には、後世の鴎外研究家や評論家から重要視される随筆「空車」(むなぐるま)を、ロシア革命の翌年1918年(大正7年)1月には随筆「礼儀小言」を著した。
- He wrote 'Munaguruma' (empty car), a essay in 1916, regarded as important by researchers and critics in later generations, then an essay 'Reigi kogoto' (Grumblings about Social Propriety), in January 1918 the year following the Russian Revolution.
- 刀剣・武具も日本美術の伝統を考えるうえで軽視できない存在であり、「武士の魂」と称され神聖視されている刀剣はその外装や小道具のみならず、刀身自体が美的鑑賞の対象となっている。
- Swords and arms cannot be disdained in the tradition of Japanese art, and especially swords have been sanctified as the soul of samurai, so that the exterior ornament, the attached tools, and the blade itself become appreciated as a symbol of beauty.
- 一方、1月30日、私学校幹部の篠原国幹・河野主一郎・高城七之丞ら七名は会合し、谷口登太に中原ら警視庁帰藩組の内偵を依頼し、同日暮、谷口報告により中原の西郷暗殺計画を聞いた。
- On the other hand, on January 30, seven leaders of Shigakko including Kunimoto SHINOHARA, Shuichiro KONO, and Shichinojo TAKI had a meeting and asked Tota TANIGUCHI to make private inquiries on the homecoming police officers including NAKAHARA; in that evening, TANIGUCHI reported them that NAKAHARA was planning to assassinate SAIGO.
- こうなると、イヌやネコが飼料の盛られた食器に顔を突っ込んで食べる様に良く似ていて見苦しい状態となってしまい、これがいわゆる「犬食い」として問題視されるようになってしまった。
- Now, they are very much like dogs or cats those put their heads into the plate of pet food and looked awful, and this came to be seen as a problem, so called 'Inugui.'
- さらに、健康志向の高まりを背景に和食を軸にした日本型食生活へと回帰する動きも大きくなりつつあり、国が推進する「食育」においても洋食的なメニューが軽視されることが度々である。
- Japanese food is gradually being favored again, due to rising health concerns, and Yoshoku is often treated lightly by the government when it comes to 'dietary education.'
- 彼が行政面に優れ、交易の視野を世界にまで広げることができたのは、流浪時代に先進地帯である近畿圏で活動していたことや、主君が信長・秀吉であった影響が大きかったものと思われる。
- It is thought that he was excellent in administration and able to broaden his trade perspective to the world because he was active in Kinki region, an advanced area, when he was in exile, and the fact that his masters were Nobunaga and Hideyoshi had an influence.
- その後、軍国主義が激しさを増すと、天皇家を多く題材とした能には厳しい目が注がれるようになり、1939年(昭和14年)、警視庁保安課は不敬を理由に「大原御幸」を上演禁止とした。
- With militarism gaining momentum, Noh came under scrutiny since many of its stories featured the Imperial family and the Safety Division of the Metropolitan Police Department banned in 1939 the performance of 'Ohara Goko' on the grounds of irreverence for the Emperor.
- 許可条件への違反状況の視察と採証職務に従事していた京都府警の巡査、この状況を実際に確認し、許可条件への違反があったものと判断して、歩道上から、デモ隊の先頭集団を写真撮影した。
- A Police Officer of Kyoto Prefectural Police, who was engaged in inspecting the demonstration march to see whether or not there was violation of the conditions for permission and collecting evidence of any such violation, found that the march was in violation of the conditions for permission, and photographed the front part of the marching crowd.
- 3月26日、黒田参軍は別働第1旅団を左翼、別働第2旅団を中央、警視隊を右翼に配し、艦砲射撃の援護のもと三方から小川方面の薩軍を攻撃し、激戦の末、薩軍を撃退して小川を占領した。
- On March 26, Sangun Kuroda deployed the detached 1st brigade in the left flank, the detached 2nd brigade in the center, and the Keishi-tai troop in the right flank, and attacked the Satsuma army in the Kogawa area from the three directions under cover of naval bombardment and seized Kogawa by driving back the Satsuma army after a fierce battle.
- 1900年(明治33年)、横田は稲畑、兄の横田万寿之助とともに、パリ万国博覧会 (1900年)を視察し、新たにシネマトグラフを持ち帰り、ふたたびシネマトグラフの興行を始める。
- In 1900, Yokota visited the Paris World Exposition (1900) with Inabata and his brother Masunosuke YOKOTA, and brought back a cinematograph again to restart the business.
- 彼の築堤の名残として「明智藪」と呼ばれる堤防保護のための藪を今もなお見ることができ、現在もなお行われている堤防築造や国土交通省などによる水位の監視などは彼に始まるものである。
- To this day, there still exists a yabu (bushes in English) known as 'Akechi-yabu' to protect the embankments; today, the monitoring of water levels by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism all stem from his works.
- 『荀子』や『春秋穀梁伝』のように「士商工農」とするものもあるが、中国では伝統的に土地に基づかず利の集中をはかる「商・工」よりも土地に根ざし穀物を生み出す「農」が重視されてきた。
- 'Xun Zi' (or Hsun Tzu) and 'Shunju Kokuryo-den' (Annotation of Guliang on Spring and Autumn Annals) described 'shi-sho-ko-no'; though in China, much more importance has traditionally been attached to 'no' who settled in the land and produced crops, as opposed to the 'sho' and 'ko' who did not till the land and aimed at reaping profits.
- 1965年12月19日、三木らは中央本部からの中止勧告を無視する形で日本共産党の支持のもとに第13回府連大会の開催を強行し、三木を委員長とする府連体制(三木府連)を築き上げた。
- On December 19, 1965, supported by the Japanese Communist Party, Miki and others forced the 13th Kyoto Federation meeting, ignoring the recommendation for cancellation by the Headquarter, to establish the Kyoto Federation system (Miki Furen, Miki faction's Federation) with Miki as a chairman.
- しかし全くの絶学とはならず、清初においては右派が中心だったため穏健となり、陽明学は「聖学(=朱子学)と異同非ず」と 康熙帝が言うように必ずしも異学視されていたわけではなかった。
- But Yomeigaku did not completely disappear, and led by the right-wingers during the early Qing period it became more moderate; as Emperor Kangxi's statement that Yomeigaku was 'not different from Seigaku (= Shushigaku)' shows, Yomeigaku was not considered unauthorized teaching.
- この夜以後、連日、各地の火薬庫が襲撃され、俗にいう「弾薬掠奪事件」が起きたが、私学校徒が入手できたのは、山縣や大山が重要視しなかった旧型のエンフィールド銃とその弾薬のみだった。
- From that night, what is commonly called 'munitions seizure incident' occurred and other powder houses at various places were raided day after day, but the Shigakko students could only seized outdated Enfield rifles and ammunition for the rifles, of which YAMAGATA and OYAMA thought little.
- このように自分の都合でしか事象を解釈できず、かつて敵視していた人物を一転して賛美したり、或いはその逆で支援していた人物を排除したりと、態度が180度逆転する事が非常に多かった。
- Thus, Goshirakawa's attitude totally changed on many occasions, once he considered someone as his enemy then he changed to glorify him, or to the contrary, he eliminate someone whom he considered as a supporter, he only took things in a way that suited his needs.
- 他方、外交が重視される時期や、奈良盆地の既存勢力と距離を置きたい場合には、日本海-若狭湾-琵琶湖-淀川-大阪湾-瀬戸内海の内陸水系物流ルート沿いの琵琶湖南岸以南に都が置かれた。
- On the other hand, in time periods focusing on diplomacy, or if an emperor wanted to establish themselves at a distance from the existing powers in the Nara Basin, their capitals were placed to the south of the southern coast of Lake Biwa along the inland water system logistics route from the Japan Sea, via Wakasa Bay, Lake Biwa, the Yodo River, Osaka Bay and to the Seto Inland Sea.
- 中国の気象当局は、瞬間風速25m/s以上で視程が50m以下の砂塵嵐を「黒風暴」(カラブラン, Kara Bran)または「黒風」と規定しており、俗に「黒い嵐」などと呼ばれている。
- The meteorological authorities in China specify a sandstorm with an instantaneous wind speed of 25 m/s or more and a visible distance of 50 m or less as Kara Bran or 'black wind,' which is called 'black storm' popularly.
- 後世、村上治世は天皇親政により理想の政治が行われた時代として聖代視され、同じく天皇親政が行われたとする10世紀前期の醍醐天皇の治世(延喜の治)と併せて、延喜・天暦の治と呼ばれた。
- Later, Emperor Murakami's reign was highly regarded as the ideal of imperial governance and was called Engi, Tenryaku no Chi (glorious Engi and Tenryaku rules) together with another ideal imperial governance taken by the Emperor Daigo (called Engi no Chi) in the early 10th century.
- 井上の改革案は大蔵少輔吉田清成を派遣して使節団に参加している大久保や工部省大輔の伊藤博文に報告を行うが、急進的な改革案に対し岩倉具視や木戸孝允らは難色を示し、審議は打ち切られる。
- INOUE's reform plan was reported by the Junior Assistant Minister of Finance, Kiyonari YOSHIDA to OKUBO and the Vice-minister of Industry, Hirobumi ITO, but Tomomi IWAKURA and Takayoshi KIDO did not agree with ITO's plan because it was too drastic, and they ended discussion on his plan.
- 惟康親王は一旦臣籍に下がった後の親王宣下、忠房親王は臣籍で誕生しながら親王に宣下されており、先例を重視するならば旧皇族およびその男系子孫の皇籍復帰は決して不可能ではないと言える。
- Given that Imperial Prince Koreyasu received the title of Imperial Prince even after having been demoted to the rank of commoner and Imperial Prince Tadafusa was made an Imperial Prince by Imperial decree despite having been born a commoner, it is not impossible for male former members of the Imperial Family to return to the Imperial Family if precedent is adhered to.
- 第二次世界大戦後の経済成長において、畿内の一角に当たる旧山城国はいち早く発展したのに対して、北陸地方と山陰地方を結ぶ北部は、日本海側の要衝であるにも拘らず軽視される傾向にあった。
- In the era after WWII when the Japanese economy grew rapidly, the area of former Yamashiro Province, occupying part of the Kinai region, developed quickly, but the northern area, connecting the Hokuriku region and the Sanin region, tended to be ignored, though the area is located in an important position on the Japan Sea side.
- 後世の研究では、秋田の蝦夷の帰順を得た阿倍比羅夫(藤崎系図)に起源をもとめたり、蝦夷をアイヌの祖先と同一視する立場からabeをapeと読み替えて完全な土着の先住民とみる説もある。
- Studies in the later years have also presented with opinions that the origin of the Abe clan could be sought through ABE no Hirafu (the Fujisaki genealogy) who forced the Ezo (natives in the northern districts of Japan) in Akita into submission; or by changing the reading of the name from 'abe' to 'ape' from the standpoint of identifying the Ezo with the ancestors of the Ainu tribe, the Abe clan could be seen as completely indigenous.
- もっとも、天文道そのものが陰陽道と比較して日本の律令国家においては、余り重要視されたとは言えなかった部分があり、夜空の観測も平常は戌の刻と寅の刻の定時観測のみであったとされている。
- Meanwhile, tenmondo was not considered as important as onmyodo ('the way of Yin and Yang', an occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements) in the ritsuryo nation of Japan, and, as a rule, observations of the sky were conducted only at fixed times, such as from 8 PM to 10 PM and from 4 AM to 6 AM.
- 庶民の間では、芸事や趣味の道が次第に洗練されたものになり始め、『風姿花伝』のように芸の道を人間の道と重ね合わせて修行のありようを考えるという視点も、この武家階級の時代の産物である。
- Among ordinary people, their accomplishments and hobbies began to be refined, and the following perspective was also a product of the era of the bushi class arms: they had the insight into practice by superposing their accomplishments on their lives as expressed in 'Fushikaden.'
- また、人の善悪を監視するということは、人の心(霊魂)の和御魂と荒御魂の状態の変化でもあり、このことも式神という、2つの状態のどちらかの神霊を、使役したことと係わっていると思われる。
- Observing the good and evil within people, one sees the movement of people's hearts (souls) between Nigimitama and Aramitama, which is why Shikigami who possessed the two different spirits were employed.
- もちろん、多くの札を取った人が勝ちとなるが、取り札である読み札には漢字が混じるため視覚からくる思わぬ錯覚なども加わって、思わぬところで「お手付き」があるのもこのゲームの特徴である。
- The player who takes the most cards is the winner as well; players often touch the wrong cards and are penalized since difficult kanji characters written on the e-fuda can play tricks on a players' eyes.
- ただし、「西院」をもって一つの語なのであるから、後西では意味が通じなくなるので、他の太上天皇の院号と同一視して院を除くのではなく、後西院天皇と称するべきであるとする歴史学者も多い。
- However, many historians say that his name should be Emperor Gosaiin and should not remove the suffix 'in' like other names of retired emperors as 'Saiin' should be used as one word; they say it would make no sense with only 'Gosai.'
- 義視出奔の原因は、武衛騒動で追放されていた宿敵伊勢貞親が幕府に復権したことが一因とされるが、このころ義政や後見人の勝元が自らの廃嫡と義尚の将軍職就任に傾いたことが主な原因であろう。
- Yoshimi's escape is partly attributed to the reinstatement of his archenemy Sadachika ISE, who had been expelled as a consequence of Buei sodo, in the Bakufu, but the main reason seems to be that Yoshimasa and guardian Katsumoto had inclined by then to favor the disinheritance of Yoshimi and the appointment of Yoshihisa as Shogun.
- 義尚の死後、将軍の座は義視の子・足利義稙が継承していたが、義材と対立した政元は、義材と結ぶ元管領畠山政長を討つと、明応の政変を引き起こして義材を追放して足利義澄を新将軍に擁立した。
- Following Yoshihisa's death, the position of Shogun passed to Yoshimi's son Yoshitane (more commonly known as 'Yoshiki') ASHIKAGA, but when Masamoto, who was embroiled in a conflict with Yoshiki, struck down the former Kanrei Masanaga HATAKEYAMA, who was allied with Yoshiki, the Meio Coup began; Yoshiki was driven into exile and Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA was installed as the new Shogun.
- この詔書では、天皇が日本をひとつの家族として東西を同視するとし、江戸が東国で第一の大都市・要所であるため天皇がここで政治をみることと、そのために江戸を東京と称することが発表された。
- In the edict the emperor announced that the name of Edo was changed to Tokyo so that he could watch both east and west together as families and because Edo was the largest city and the most strategic spot in the east and that he would conduct government business from there.
- 富子は義政の兄弟の足利義視の次期将軍が決まったいたが実子足利義尚の将軍就任を望み実家の日野家も応援し、足利将軍家の家督相続争いが畠山氏や斯波氏の争いと連動して応仁の乱の一因となる。
- Although it was decided that Yoshimi ASHIKAGA, Yoshimasa's brother, would become the next shogun, Tomiko hoped that her biological child Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA would take the position of shogun; moreover, the Hino Family, Tomiko's parents' home, also backed Yoshihisa, and the battle of the succession to (the headship of) the house in the House of Ashikaga shogunate, coupled with the conflict between the Hatakeyama clan and the Shiba clan, became a cause of the Onin War.
- 西郷隆盛らの下野後は内務卿となった大久保利通から厚い信任を受け、岩倉具視の暗殺未遂事件(食違見付の変)、佐賀の乱などが起こると密偵を用いて不平士族の動向を探るなどの役目も果たした。
- KAWAJI won the great trust of OKUBO, who became Secretary of Interior after the resignation of Takamori SAIGO, and he took the responsible for spying on fuhei shizoku (former samurai with complaints) after the attempted assassination of Tomomi IWAKURA (the Incident of Kuichigai-mitsuke) and the War of SAGA.
- 重盛にとって義兄の成親が平氏打倒の首謀者だったことは衝撃だったが、頼盛も謀議に加わっていた法勝寺執行・俊寛が妻・大納言局の兄弟だったことから、厳しい視線にさらされたものと見られる。
- It came as a great shock to Shigemori that his brother in law, Narichika, was the leader of the plot to topple the Taira clan, and it seems that Yorimori also was subjected to close scrutiny due to the fact that Shunkan, Hossho-ji Temple executive, who was a brother of his wife, Dainagon no tsubone, was a party to the plot.
- いっぽう、薩摩藩の大久保・西郷らは、洛北に隠棲中だった岩倉具視と工作し、中山忠能(明治天皇の外祖父)・中御門経之・正親町三条実愛らによって10月14日に討幕の密勅が出されるにいたる。
- Meanwhile, Okubo and Saigo of Satsuma worked with Tomomi IWAKURA, who secretly stayed in the Rakuhoku area of Kyoto, in order to receive a secret imperial command to attack the bakufu on October 14, from Tadayasu NAKAYAMA (maternal grandfather of the Emperor Meiji), Tsuneyuki NAKAMIKADO, Sanenaru OGIMACHISANJO, and others.
- 朱子学においては読書や静坐を重視したが、陽明はそうした静的な環境で修養を積んでも一旦事があった場合役には立たない、日常の生活・仕事の中で良知を磨く努力をしなければならない、と説いた。
- Shushigaku emphasizes reading and meditation, whereas Wang Yangming stated that however hard a person cultivated himself in the static environment, such cultivation did not work if something serious happened, and that a person should strive to improve ryochi through daily life and work.
- 更に1697年には母・松木宗子(敬法門院)の信任の厚かった議奏中御門基熙の更迭問題を巡って両親と対立して中御門の普段からの天皇軽視の言動に不快感を抱いていた近衛基熙との関係を強めた。
- Furthermore in 1697, he nurtured a strong relationship with Motohiro KONOE, who opposed his parents in relation to Giso (close aides to the Emperor), Motohiro NAKAMIKADO's reshuffle issue, while Motohiro had absolute trust from Konoe's mother, Muneko MATSUNOKI (Keihomonin) and was frustrated with NAKAMIKADO's attitude to previously look down upon the Emperor.
- こういった中で鮮度と産地を重視する江戸料理が生まれ、八寸や口取りから始まるコース化した日本料理の先駆けとなった本膳料理とともに、今日の高級な料理の骨子と要素を構築したといわれている。
- It is said that Edo dishes, in which great importance was placed on the freshness and origin of the foodstuffs, were generated under these circumstances, thereby establishing the core and elements of today's high-class dishes together with honzen ryori (formally arranged dinners) that set the precedent for nihon-ryori being a course meal that starts with hassun (a relish) and kuchitori (a side dish).
- 本来の目的は襦袢を埃、皮脂や整髪料から保護するもの(汚れたらはずして洗濯し、何度も使用する)であるが、顔に近い部位に身につけるものであることから着こなしのポイントとして重要視される。
- Although its main purpose is to shield juban from dusts, sebum and/or hairdressings (when it gets dirty, you can take it off, wash it out and use it over and over), it is regarded as an important point in dressing since it is put on at the site near the face.
- 油小路通(通称新堀川通り)にはパルスプラザ(京都府総合見本市会館)があり、様々な業種による見本市や発表会が頻繁に開催されており、京都の産業を対外的にPRする拠点として重視されている。
- Pulse Plaza (Kyoto Trade Fair Center) is located along the Abura-koji-dori (also known as Shinhorikawa-dori) --it is an important site for public relations activities for informing the public of Kyoto's industries and exhibitions are frequently held by a wide variety of industries.
- 奈良県奈良市山陵町にある高野陵(たかののみささぎ)と比定されているが、孝謙天皇陵と比定されている佐紀高塚山古墳は佐紀盾列古墳群を構成する前方後円墳であり、その比定は疑問視されている。
- Takano no Misasagi Mausoleum in Misasagi Town, Nara City, Nara Prefecture, is identified as her mausoleum while the identification of Saki Takatsuka Tumulus in the Mausoleum as the Mausoleum of Empress Koken remains questionable because it is a keyhole-shaped tomb mound composing the Sakitatenami Burial Mounds.
- これに対しては、即位詔という公式の宣言の中で天皇を無視し、天皇の権威よりも皇太子のほうが優越していたという事実を是認することは穏当ではないとする批判があり、現在では支持されていない。
- Toward this theory, some scholars criticized that it is not appropriate to admit the fact that the dominance of the crown prince over the emperor's authority was advocated in the official oath like the imperial edict, ignoring the presence of the emperor, and nowadays, this theory is not supported.
- これを受けて検非違使庁は特に問題視された5・7・9の3ヶ条について一部修正を加えた上で新たな法文として公任から一条天皇に提出し、これを元に再度公布を行った(『権記』同年5月14日条)。
- In response to this reprimand, Kebiishicho (Office of Police and Judicial Chief) partially revised clauses 5, 7, and 9, which were the most controversial, and presented the revised shinsei as a new law to Emperor Ichijo via Kinto, and issued Chohogannenrei again based on this revision (an article dated May 14, 1000 of 'Gonki').
- だが、後に厭魅蠱毒事件の続発によって呪禁そのものが危険視されたこと、同様に道教の呪術を取り入れた陰陽道の台頭によって8世紀末頃には事実上廃止され、9世紀には呪禁師の制度自体が消滅した。
- But with the later occurrence of the Enmi kotoku jiken (an incident in which a witch doctor committed murder), jugon itself began to be seen as dangerous, and furthermore the practice of jugon was abandoned by the end of the eighth century due to the rise of onmyodo (the yin-yang arts of magic and divination), which also derived from Daoist incantations; by the dawn of the ninth century, even the institution of jugonshi had disappeared.
- この西郷の使節派遣に賛同したのが板垣退助、後藤象二郎、江藤新平、副島種臣、桐野利秋らであり、反対したのが大久保利通、岩倉具視、木戸孝允、伊藤博文、大隈重信、大木喬任、黒田清隆らである。
- Taisuke ITAGAKI, Shojiro GOTO, Shinpei ETO, Taneomi SOEJIMA, and Toshiaki KIRINO agreed to Saigo's envoy dispatch, and people who have opposed were Toshimichi OKUBO, Tomomi IWAKURA, Takayoshi KIDO, Hirobumi ITO, Shigenobu OKUMA, Takato OKI, and Kiyotaka KURODA.
- その暗君のわずかな徳として「もし叡心果たし遂げんと欲する事あらば、あえて人の制法にかかわらず、必ずこれを遂ぐ」(一旦やろうと決めたことは制法など無視して、必ずやり遂げる人)としている。
- It is said Goshirakawa had little morality, 'he will proceed to carry out his will once he decides, whether he is following regulations or not.'
- しかし特に重要視されているのは、「名物」を持たない「侘数寄」であっても名士などに気後れをしてはならないといった態度であって、『南方録』のような禅宗を特別に強調した過剰な精神論ではない。
- Especially emphasized of all, however, is the attitude of being a 'wabi-suki' (a realm of seasoned simplicity and tranquility) who doesn't own any 'meibutsu' (distinguished utensils) yet remains undaunted in front of celebrities, and the idea is not the type of extreme Zen mind found in 'Nanpo roku' (Southern Record).
- 堀河康親の子である堀河親賀・堀河康隆親子(ただし、康隆は祖父・康親の養子になっているため、系譜上は兄弟)、親賀の実弟で岩倉家を継いでいた岩倉具視は、廷臣八十八卿列参事件に参加している。
- Chikayoshi HORIKAWA (the son of Yasuchika HORIKAWA) and his son, Yasutaka (they are brothers on the pedigree record as Yasutaka is recorded as the adopted son of Yasuchika, who is in fact Yasutaka's grandfather) participated in 'Teishin hachiju-hachi kyo ressan jiken' (Demo of eighty-eight retainers of the Imperial Court) with Tomomi IWAKURA, who was the younger brother of Chikayoshi and the heir of the Iwakura family.
- だが、後に厭魅蠱毒事件の続発によって呪禁そのものが危険視されたこと、同様に道教の呪術を取り入れた陰陽道の台頭によって8世紀末頃には事実上廃止され、9世紀には呪禁博士の制度自体が消滅した。
- But with the later occurrence of the Enmi kotoku jiken (an incident in which a witch doctor committed murder), jugon itself began to be seen as dangerous, and furthermore the practice of jugon was abandoned by the end of the eighth century due to the rise of onmyodo (the yin-yang arts of magic and divination), which also derived from Daoist incantations; by the dawn of the ninth century, even the institution of the jugon hakase had disappeared.
- これらの例からも、作者や歌手が一部重複しているのは事実であり、この「流行歌」時代に育まれた音楽性や技巧を基にして現在の「演歌」が生まれているので、演歌を語る上で無視は出来ない時代である。
- Because some authors and singers surely belong to both genres as shown by these examples and today's 'enka' music is based on musical characteristics and techniques developed in this 'hit songs' era, the period is indispensable for describing enka music.
- 和宮は有栖川宮熾仁親王との婚約がすでにあり、外国人のいる関東へ行かせたくないと難色を示した孝明天皇も、公武合体には基本的に賛成であり、岩倉具視らの進言もあって最終的に家茂への降嫁を認めた。
- It was not easy for the marriage to proceed because Kazunomiya was engaged to Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito, and her brother Emperor Komei did not want to send her to the Kanto region, a place where foreigners lived, but eventually the emperor, who was not opposed to the idea of kobu-gattai, approved the marriage to Iemochi, as recommended by Tomomi IWAKURA.
- これは当時、藩主島津忠恒が進めていた藩政改革がうまく行かず、家臣団の統制すらままならなかったからであるが、島津の不参加は一時「島津謀反」の噂を引き起こし、小倉藩の監視を受ける羽目となった。
- That was because Tadatsune SHIMAZU, the lord of the domain, unable to successfully carry out the reformation of domain duties, could not control his vassals as he wished, and as a result, their nonparticipation caused a temporal rumor of 'Shimazu Rebellion' leading to a position carefully supervised by Kokura Domain.
- 家康の将軍任官時には、同時に秀頼が関白に任官されるとする風聞が違和感なく受け止められており、元服を前に秀吉の子として関白就任への可能性を残していた秀頼の存在は無視できないものになっていた。
- When Ieyasu was appointed Shogun, hearsay that Hideyori would be appointed Kanpaku at the same time was taken without any feelings of wrongness: therefore, Ieyasu could not ignore Hideyori, who might be appointed Kanpaku (chancellor) as Hideyoshi's child before his coming to age.
- そのうち、丹波亀山藩と篠山藩については松平氏や青山氏を中心として譜代大名による移封が多く、藩主が老中や寺社奉行、京都所司代、大坂城代を歴任するなど徳川幕府の重視する藩であったことがわかる。
- As for Tanba-Kameyama and Sasayama domains in particular, it shows how the Tokugawa shogunate regarded them as important that 'Fudai daimyo' like Matsudaira and Aoyama were often transferred there, and that governors there often served as Roju, Jisha-bugyo, the Kyoto Shoshidai and Osakajodai.
- 第四条ノ二 内閣総理大臣ハ所管ノ事務ニ付警視総監、北海道庁長官府県知事ヲ指揮監督ス若シ其ノ命令又ハ処分ノ成規ニ違ヒ、公益ヲ害シ又ハ権限ヲ犯スモノアリト認ムルトキハ之ヲ停止シ又ハ取消スコトヲ得
- Article 4, section two: The Prime Minister shall oversee and supervise the Chief Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police (of Tokyo) and the Director-general and prefectural governor of the government of Hokkaido, but if any of the Prime Minister's orders or directives is found to be against regulations or considered harmful to the public interest or authority, it shall be suspended or revoked.
- しかし、、西南戦争での警視官(当時の警察官の呼称)によって編成された抜刀隊の活躍ゆえに、警視庁では警視流木太刀形が制定されるなど、剣術推奨の方針転換がなされ、剣術の復興の動きの端緒となった。
- However, as Battotai (drawn sword squad) consisting of keishikan (policemen at the time) achieved distinguished military service in the Seinan War, a policy of encouraging Kenjutsu was adopted, including the creation of Keishi-ryu katachi kata (attack and defend with wooden swords) by Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, and this became the momentum for the restoration of Kenjutsu.
- 分析に用いられた残留脂肪酸分析法は現在では信頼性が疑問視されているため、確実性には乏しいものの、縄文時代にはイノシシやシカが主要な狩猟対象となっていることから、可能性はあると考えられている。
- At present, questioning and lacking the credibility of the analysis of residual fatty acid used for analyzing the carbonized materials, there still exists the possibility that the 'Jomon cookie' was a kind of hamburger because wild bores and deer were major targets for hunting during the Jomon period.
- 1465年12月11日(寛正6年11月23日)、義政と富子との間に足利義尚(のち義煕)が誕生すると、実子義尚の将軍職擁立を切望する富子は、宗全に接近し義視の将軍職就任を阻止しようと暗躍する。
- When Yoshihisa (later renamed Yoshihiro) ASHIKAGA was born on December 11, 1465 between Yoshimasa and Tomiko, the latter, eager to have her own son Yoshihisa succeed the Shogunate, approached Sozen in secret maneuvers to prevent Yoshimi from assuming that position.
- NHK大阪放送局NHK教育テレビジョン、MBS毎日放送、ABC朝日放送、KTV関西テレビ放送、ytv讀賣テレビ放送については、デジタル・アナログとも、生駒山からの電波を直接受信して視聴する。
- NHK Osaka, NHK Educational Television, MBS Mainichi Broadcasting, ABC Asahi Broadcasting, KTV Kansai TV, and ytv Yomiuri TV signals can be received directly from Mt. Ikoma (both digital and analog broadcasting).
- 関ヶ原の戦い後の1601年(慶長6年)、三河国3郡に6,600石を与えられるとともに京都町奉行(のち京都所司代)に任命され、京都の治安維持と朝廷の掌握、さらに大坂城の豊臣家の監視に当たった。
- In 1601, after the Battle of Sekigahara during the Keicho era, he was given fiefs amounting to 6,600 koku in three districts of Mikawa Province, and at the same time he was appointed as the Kyoto machi-bugyo (town magistrate of Kyoto) (and later the Kyoto Shoshidai); he assumed responsibility for maintaining security in the city of Kyoto, reporting on developments at the Imperial Court, and monitoring the Toyotomi family of Osaka-jo Castle.
- また、「交易」を重視する立場から、外国との通商貿易をすすめ、産業の振興をも「交易」として捉えて国内における自律的な経済発展の方策を建議し、そのために幕府・藩を越えた統一国家の必要性を説いた。
- In addition, from his position of emphasizing 'commerce', he pushed forward overseas trade, and suggested the domestic scheme of autonomous development of industry looking on the development of industry also as 'commerce', and for this, advocated the necessity of united nation beyond bakufu and han.
- しかしそうであれば、実朝薨御後も足利氏が存続し、やがて室町幕府を開くのであるから、「系譜的視点」なるものによるならば本項記述の如く実朝薨御を以て河内源氏の「崩壊」とするのは矛盾すると言えよう。
- However, if that is the case, it is contradictory to see the death of Sanetomo as the collapse of Kawachi-Genji as written in this section, because Ashikaga clan continued after the death of Sanetomo and established the Muromachi bakufu (feudal government headed by a shogun) according to the genealogical viewpoint.
- 1875年(明治7年)に地租改正により、農家が納める税金は米から金に変わり、農家では収量を重視するようになり、米の品質が落ちてきたが、一方で、酒の需要が増加し、蔵本では酒米を確保しようとした。
- Because of the land-tax reform in 1875, the tax paid by farmers changed from rice to money, and farmers began to make a point of the harvest volume to reduce the quality of rice while demand for sake increased to have Kuramoto endeavor to secure rice for brewing sake.
- 第10回衆議院議員総選挙において過半数に迫る187議席を獲得したものの、政友会の基盤が確固たるものになることを警戒した山縣有朋から財政政策の不備と社会主義取締の緩さを問題視する上奏が行われた。
- In the tenth general election of members of the House of Representatives, the Seiyu party won 187 seats, and almost became the majority; Aritomo YAMAGATA, who feared the stability of the party, reported to the throne that the cabinet was not effective in its financial policy or regulation of socialism.
- 天皇の居所に落雷したということも衝撃的であったが、死亡した藤原清貫がかつて大宰府に左遷された菅原道真の動向監視を藤原時平に命じられていたこともあり、清貫は道真の怨霊に殺されたという噂が広まった。
- From the shocking fact that the thunderbolt struck the Emperor's residence, and the fact that the dead SUGAWARA no Kiyotsura had once spied on SUGAWARA no Michizane's movements under orders of FUJIWARA no Tokihira when Michizane was exiled to Dazaifu, a rumor spread that Kiyotsura was killed by the vengeful spirit of Michizane.
- 日本の合戦では戦闘時、上級武士の指揮下に少人数ずつの銃手(鉄砲足軽)が組織化されて、この戦闘単位ごとに勲功を競うといった運用形態をとっていたこともあり、個々の銃手の命中率が重要視されたのである。
- At the time of a battle in Japan, gunners (teppo-ashigaru, foot soldiers fighting with firearms) were organized in small groups under the command of high-ranking warriors, and these units vied for exploits of war, therefore accuracy rate of individual gunners was of high concern.
- 田沼意次時代の天明の大飢饉を乗り越え、低下した幕府の指導力を取り戻すために、儒学のうち農業と上下の秩序を重視した朱子学を正学とし、当時流行していた古文辞学や古学を「風俗を乱すもの」として禁じた。
- In order to regain leadership after going through the Tenmei Famine in times of Okitsugu TANUMA, the shogunate chose Neo-Confucianism out of Confucianism for the official learning, which put importance on the hierarchic order and agriculture; on the other hand, they banned Kobunjigaku, (study of ancient rhetoric) and the Kogaku (learning about ancient teachings), which were popular learning at that time for corrupting public morals.
- 化政文化にはさらに演出が変化し、黒服で天狗の面をつけていた者がいきなり豪華な衣装の盗賊に代わるなど、演技の途中で役者の衣装を引きぬいて別の人物に変えるといった視覚的な変化を追究するようになった。
- In the Kasei (1804 - 1928) culture era, the nature of the performance changed further, resulting in visual changes where the costumes of the actors on stage were removed during their performances to alter their roles to that of other characters: For example, the actor who wore a face mask for a tengu (long-nosed goblin) in a black costume suddenly changed into a bandit in a gorgeous costume.
- 但し現在では、利休の高弟であることを理由に宗二の茶を利休のそれと安易に同一視してきたことへの疑念が持ち上がっており、利休関係の同時代資料との比較を基にした両者の質的差異の究明も課題となっている。
- At present, however, it is questioned whether it is appropriate to simply equate the Way of Tea practiced by Soji with that of Rikyu only because he was a highly regarded disciple of Rikyu, and qualitative difference of the two by comparing the book with its contemporary materials on Rikyu has emerged as a new subject to be explored.
- 皇祖皇宗国ヲ建テ民ニ臨ムヤ国ヲ以テ家ト為シ民ヲ視ルコト子ノ如シ列聖相承ケテ仁恕ノ化下ニ洽ク兆民相率ヰテ敬忠ノ俗上ニ奉シ上下感孚シ君民体ヲ一ニス是レ我カ国体ノ精華ニシテ当ニ天地ト並ヒ存スヘキ所ナリ
- 皇祖皇宗国ヲ建テ民ニ臨ムヤ国ヲ以テ家ト為シ民ヲ視ルコト子ノ如シ列聖相承ケテ仁恕ノ化下ニ洽ク兆民相率ヰテ敬忠ノ俗上ニ奉シ上下感孚シ君民体ヲ一ニス是レ我カ国体ノ精華ニシテ当ニ天地ト並ヒ存スヘキ所ナリ
- 後に昭和に入ってから軍部が大きくこれを利用し、陸海軍は天皇から直接統帥を受けるのであって政府の指示に従う必要はないとして、満州事変などにおいて政府の決定を無視した行動を取るなどその勢力を誇示した。
- Later during the Showa period, the military insisted that they needed to follow only a direct order from the emperor, and did not have to follow the government because they had the supreme command, and took advantage of the supreme command to act ignoring the government to show its influence such as raising the Manchurian Incident.
- しかし、1085年(応徳2年)に実仁が亡くなると、白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させるという手段に出た。
- However, Emperor Shirakawa ignored his father's will when Sanehito died in 1085, he formally installed his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito as the Crown Prince in the next year, and within the day, Shirakawa declared to give the throne to Emperor Horikawa.
- 中世に入ると、宋学の影響によって四書が重視されるようになると、明経道において新たに「明経道四書」を制定し、また足利学校でもこれに対抗して学校点と呼ばれる乎古登点を定めて学術における特権維持を図った。
- In the medieval period when Shisho (the Four Books of Confucianism) became valued under the influence of the Sung Study (Neo-Confucian), 'Myogyodo shisho' was newly established in Myogyodo, and in defiance of this, okototen called Gakkoten was set up to maintain the prerogative in learning in the Ashikaga School.
- 近藤成一は、従来の議論は国家権力が単一であることを前提としているが、その前提を捨てて、国家権力の並存・対立を視野に入れるならば、鎌倉幕府の成立は朝廷から権限を受権したか否かに必ずしも関係しないとした
- Seiichi KONDO mentions that the traditional arguments depend on the assumption that the national authority was unitary, but undermining the assumption and taking the coexistence and the confrontation of national authority into consideration, the establishment of the Kamakura bakufu did not necessarily have a connection with whether it was empowered by the Imperial Court or not.
- 生誕の地には記念碑が、鹿児島県警本部前と川路が率いた別働第3旅団の激戦地である鹿児島県霧島市(旧横川町)内には銅像が建っているほか、警視庁警察学校には彫塑家・北村西望の作となる立像が建てられている。
- A monument stands in his birthplace; bronze statues stand in front of Kagoshima Prefecture Police building and in Kirishima City, Kagoshima Prefecture (former Yokokawa-cho)--a fierce battle field for Betsudo Daisan ryodan led by KAWAJI; and a bronze statue--a work by the sculptor Seibo KITAMURA--stands in the police school run by Keishi-cho.
- 鎌倉時代初期の朝廷は、幕府を武家もしくは関東と呼称していたが、承久の乱を経て、幕府が朝廷を監視するため京都に六波羅探題を設置すると、武家の語は六波羅探題のみを指し、幕府は関東とのみ呼ばれるようになる。
- In the beginning of the Kamakura period, the Imperial Court had called the bakufu buke or Kanto (derived from the 'Kanto region'), but once the bakufu installed Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) in order to monitor the Imperial Court after the Jokyu War, the term 'buke' came to indicate Rokuhara Tandai only, while the bakufu was simply called Kanto.
- この背景には、大学制度の範を唐の制度に求めたものの、儒教による国家統治の原則が確立していた唐とは違い、仏教や古来からの神道が儒教と並立した日本の支配階層においては、儒教理念が唐よりも重視されなかった。
- The reason is that although Daigaku-ryo was modeled on the university system in Tang Dynasty China, unlike in Tang Dynasty China where the rule that a nation should be governed based on Confucianism was already established, in Japan Confucianism coexisted with Buddhism and traditional Shintoism, and the ruling classes in Japan did not pay heed to the philosophy of Confucianism as much as those in the Tang Dynasty did.
- 現在の論点は、統一前の秦のどの時代に作られたか、に絞られており、襄公 (秦)・文公 (秦)・穆公 (秦)のいずれかが有力視されており、献公 (秦)の紀元前374年頃の巡狩の際の詩文とも考えられている。
- The current controversial point is narrowed to the point as to which period sekkobun was made in before the character standardization, and any one of Lord Ran (Qin), Lord Wen (Qin), and Lord Mu (Qin) is very probable and it is also considered that sekkobun was a poem made when Lord Xian (Qin) enjoyed hunting in B.C. 374.
- また「国家に偉功ある者」として公家からは三条家(三条実美の功)、岩倉家(岩倉具視の功)、武家からは島津氏(薩摩藩主島津忠義の功)、玉里島津家(島津久光の功)、毛利家(毛利敬親の功)が公爵に叙せられた。
- In addition, Sanetomi SANJO, Tomomi IWAKURA, the lord of Satsuma Domain Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, Hisamitsu SHIMAZU and Takachika MORI were regarded as 'persons who made distinguished contributions to the nation,' and their families, the Sanjo family from kuge, the Iwakura family from kuge, the Shimazu family from buke, the Tamazato-Shimazu family from buke, and the Mori family from buke were conferred the peerage.
- その後暫くは、頼綱は追加法を頻繁に出すなど手続きを重視した政治運営を行っていたが、1287年(弘安10年)に、征夷大将軍源惟康が立親王して惟康親王となった時期に政治姿勢を一変させ、恐怖政治へと邁進した。
- For a while afterwards, Yoritsuna carried out politics focusing on procedures, for example, frequent submission of additional laws, but in 1287, at the time when Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') MINAMOTO no Koreyasu was given the title of Imperial Prince and became Imperial Prince Koreyasu, Yoritsuna changed his attitude toward politics suddenly and worked toward a reign of terror.
- 座頭の工藤・和事の十郎・荒事の五郎・道化役の朝比奈・立女形の虎・若女形の少将・敵役の八幡・立役の近江・実事の鬼王と、歌舞伎の役どころがほとんど勢ぞろいし、視覚的にも音楽的にも様式美にあふれた一幕である。
- It is a stylistically beautiful play both from visual and musical points of view, as all the major characters of Kabuki appear on the stage such as Kudo as zato (leader of troupe), Juro as wagoto (the mediator), Goro as aragoto (the aggressive character), Asahina as the clown, Tora as tateoyama (the leading actor in a female role), Shosho as wakaoyama (the young actor in a female role), Hachiman as the enemy, and Omi as the leading male actor, and Kio as jitsugoto (the tragic character).
- 用明天皇の崩御後押坂彦人大兄皇子と共に有力皇位継承権者であったと日本書紀等では記されているが、穴穂部皇子を推す勢力から敵視され、用明天皇2年(587年)にはその一派である中臣勝海に像を作り呪詛されている。
- Although Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) reported that he was a leading successor to the imperial throne together with Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko after the death of the Emperor Yomei, a powerful party supporting the Prince Anahobe regarded him as hostile, and he was cursed by NAKATOMI no Katsumi, a member of the party by making a statue of him in 587.
- これらの支配力は単に一都市に限らず、京都所司代は山城国・丹波国・近江国など、大阪町奉行は西日本諸国の天領の采配がそれぞれ許されるなど、管轄地の諸大名を監察する役目もあった(京都所司代は朝廷も監視していた)。
- This shogunate agency grasped control of not merely to the appointed city, but also of the surrounding areas, so the governor of Kyoto (Kyoto Shoshidai) controlled Yamashiro Province, Tanba Province, Omi Province and so on (as well as put the imperial court under its surveillance, and the town magistrate of Osaka (Osaka machi-bugyo) was allowed to manage the shogunate demesne in the western Japan.
- また、朝鮮半島南部を中心にいくつもの倭独特の前方後円墳が発見されており、中国の史書からも倭への朝鮮半島南部の支配権を認める記述があることから朝鮮半島南部(任那)は大和王権が統治していた地と有力視されている。
- Furthermore, from the discovery of keyhole-shaped mounds, a feature unique to Wakoku, together with descriptions in Chinese historical sources of Wa controlling the southern Korean Peninsula, it is regarded that the Yamato Kingdom governed southern Korea.
- 清代の朱子学は、理気論や心性論よりも、朱熹が晩年に力を入れていた礼学が重視され、社会的な秩序構築を具体的に担う「礼」への関心が高まり、壮大な世界観を有する学問よりは、具体的・具象的な学問へと狭まっていった。
- Neo-Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty focused on Reigaku (courtesy science), which Hsi CHU concentrated in his later years, rather than the theory of Li-Ch'i and the theory of Mind, and interest in 'courtesy' increased, which was practically responsible for the establishment of public order, so that Neo-Confucianism was narrowed down from learning having a grand world view to becoming practicable and concrete.
- 貿易額の制限そのものは綱吉時代の踏襲に過ぎず、更に新井の意見書には綱吉時代の改革で金銀の海外流出はほとんどなくなっていた事実を意図的に無視するなど、儒教的な抑商思想に由来する貿易統制ありきの発想が存在する。
- In the first place, Arai's plan was developed based on the intention to implement trade controls originating from Confusion commerce suppression policy, so limiting the amount of trade simply followed the system developed in the Tsunayoshi era and his plan intentionally ignored the truth that the outflow of gold and silver had already stopped by Tsunayoshi's reform.
- 室町時代後期、観音寺城に本拠を構える近江佐々木六角氏が着々と力を蓄え、足利幕府の命令を軽視あるいは無視し始めたことから、1487年に将軍足利義尚がこれを征討するために軍を発し、六角勢との間に戦いが行われた。
- In the late Muromachi period, the Sasaki Rokkaku clan of Omi Province steadily built up the military force with the Kannonji-jo Castle as their headquarter and started to take light of the orders from the Ashikaga shogunate or even ignore them, therefore Shogun Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA sent an army to subjugate the Rokkaku clan in 1487 and a battle broke out.
- この説では、合戦直前の2月6日の後白河法皇の休戦命令と、合戦後の宗盛の「休戦命令を信じていたら、源氏に襲われて一門の多くが殺された、(平氏を陥れる)奇謀ではないのか」という法皇への抗議の書状を重視している。
- In this theory, historians and experts stressed two important factors - Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa ordered the Taira clan to suspend battle preparations against Minamoto on March 26, 1184, and in the post war period, Munemori wrote a protest letter to the Emperor, 'When the Taira clan believed the order to suspend the battle, the Minamoto clan attacked and killed many members of the Taira clan family, so I was of the belief that this order was an unconventional tactic (a pretense to set the Taira clan for defeat in battle).'
- 大阪市北部には、大塩平八郎の乱で焼かれたか、アジア太平洋戦争における米軍の空襲によって焼かれたか、修理費を捻出できなかったか、などの理由によって山車の存在しない地区があり、演奏しか重要視できうるものがない。
- In northern Osaka City, there are areas that can put emphasis only on the music performance because they are missing dashi for various reasons, such as they were burnt during the Rebellion of Heihachiro Oshima, they were burnt due to the U.S. air raid during the Asia Pacific War, or no repair budget was secured.
- なお海外にまで視点を広げれば、同様の二面性を持った人間として、敵には殺戮者・略奪者として恐れられながら、家臣に対しては略奪品の豪華な装身具を気前良く渡して、自分自身は質素な服で過ごしたアッティラの例がある。
- Worldwide, Attila had a similar bilateral character; he was feared as a butcher and looter by his enemies, but so generous to his vassals that he gave gorgeous accessories he looted to them, although he wore plain clothes himself.
- 業倫は、八代荘設立の経緯と「熊野権現垂迹縁起」の記述とを根拠として、忠重らの狼藉を、院庁下文を無視し、伊勢と同体である熊野権現を侵犯したことから律令の盗大祀御神物に相当するとして、絞刑とするべきだと勘申した。
- Based on the details concerning the establishment of Yatsushiro no sho and the description of 'Kumano Gongen Suijaku Engi,' Gyorin reported that the conducts of Tadashige etc came under the clause of Todaishi goshinbutsu of Ritsuryo code because they neglected innocho kudashibumi and offended Kumano Gongen Deity which was identical with Ise, and that they should be sentenced to death by hanging.
- 河内祥輔は東国独立論の存在を否定(平広常の個人的意見でしかないと)する立場から、頼朝の立場を平家政権の支配からの独立とそれに代わる朝廷との関係構築を求めて、一貫して後白河法皇との直接交渉を望んだ点を重視する。
- From the standpoint that denies the existence of the argument about the independence of the Togoku region (and regards it as only a personal opinion of TAIRA no Hirotsune), Shosuke KOUCHI focuses on the fact that Yoritomo consistently desired to negotiate directly with the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa seeking independence from the ruling of the Heike government and the relationship building with the Imperial Court in lieu thereof.
- お雇い外国人のなかにはトーマス・ウォートルスのように一山当てようとやってきた流れ者や、チャールズ=デ・ボアンヴィルのように傲慢で日本人を軽視する者もいたが、他方では日本を深く愛し弟子たちに慕われた人物もいる。
- Although there were some Oyatoi-gaikokujin who were drifters who came to Japan thinking to strike it rich, notably Thomas James WALTERS, or arrogant and looked down on the Japanese such as Charles Alfred Chastel de BOINVILLE, there were many others who deeply appreciated Japan and were greatly respected by their (Japanese) disciples.
- かくして7月9日 (旧暦)(8月24日)、西郷隆盛、大久保、西郷従道、大山厳、木戸、井上、山県の7名の薩長の要人間で木戸邸で密かに練られた廃藩置県案は三条実美・岩倉具視・板垣退助・大隈らの賛成を得たのである。
- On August 24, the plan of haihan-chiken was secretly worked out at Kido's residence by seven people from Satsuma and Choshu, Takamori SAIGO, Okubo, Tsugumichi SAIGO, Iwao OYAMA, Kido, Inoue and Yamagata, and it was approved by Sanetomi SANJO, Tomomi IWAKURA, Taisuke ITAGAKI and Okuma etc.
- 強硬派から(マシュー・ペリー同様嫌がらせのために)測量や航路研究のためとし朝鮮近海に軍艦を派遣して軍事的威圧を加える案が出ると、外務大輔の寺島宗則は太政大臣三条実美や右大臣岩倉具視の了承を得てこれを承認した。
- The hard-liners of Japan suggested to Munenori TERASHIMA, Gaimu-taifu (post of Foreign Ministry) to dispatch a warship to inshore of Korea in the name of measuring the coastline and investigating passages (to harass them as well as Matthew [Calbraith] PERRY did), and he accepted it under the approval of Sanetomi SANJO, the Grand Minister, and Tomomi IWAKURA, Minister of the Right.
- 李氏朝鮮王朝では日本へ派遣した使節が帰国し、その報告が西人派(正使の黄允吉は戦争が近いことを警告)と東人派(副使の金誠一は日本の侵略はあったとしても先の話と否定)で別れ、政権派閥の東人派が戦争の警告を無視した。
- During the Yi Dynasty Korea, delegates dispatched to Japan returned and the Seijinha group (黄允吉, who was seishi (senior envoy), warned that war would occur in the near future) and the Tojinha group (金誠一, who was the vice envoy, denied saying that invasion by Japan would not be in the near future) made different reports and the Tojinha group, the fraction in power, ignored the warning about the potential of war.
- 中世前期は人々が畏れ忌避した業務に携わっていた非人であるが、中世後期に人々の感覚が次第に「畏れの忌避」から「穢れの忌避(蝕穢)」に変遷すると共に、非人に対する捉え方も畏怖視から卑賤視へと変遷していったとされる。
- In the early feudal period, Hinin engaged the tasks which people feared and evaded; however, in the later feudal period, as the people's perception of those tasks gradually changed from 'evasion of fear' to 'evasion of impurity,' they could also change in their perspective on Hinin from fear to contempt.
- その要因として、長きに渡った平安な世の中であったこと、武芸より政治的手腕を重視されるようになったこと、乗馬できる人がごく限られていたこと、馬術を教われるほどの財産を所持していない者が多かったことなど様々である。
- As for the reasons, in the long Edo period, there weren't many bloody wars, and the bushi class was required more political ability than the ability for the military arts, what's more, there weren't many equestrians nor rich bushi who could afford to learn the equestrianism.
- 『古事記』と『日本書紀』を編集した人物は、当代の天皇の正統性を確保しようとするために、これらの天皇とその年代を、当時最先端の科学(讖緯説)に基いて算出したと考えられるが、現在の科学からは疑問視される部分も多い。
- Editors of the'Kojiki' and the 'Nihonshoki' tried to date the ages of these emperors using the most advanced technology at the time so as to justify the orthodoxy of their emperor, but many modern scholars doubt their dating.
- やがて三条が眼病を患うと、道長ははっきりと三条に譲位を勧めるようになり、視力の低下で政務や日常生活にも支障をきたすようになった三条は、長和5年(1016年)には皇太子敦成(後一条天皇)に譲位せざるを得なくなった。
- Eventually, Sanjo suffered from an eye disease and Michinaga started to clearly suggest abdication to Sanjo, and in 1016, Sanjo reluctantly abdicated to the Crown Prince Atsunari (Emperor Goichijo) because his decrease in eyesight started to infringe upon governing duties and daily life.
- 前水戸藩主徳川斉昭の七男・一橋慶喜は英明との評判が高く、これを支持し諸藩との協調体制を望む一橋派と、血統を重視し、現将軍に血筋の近い紀州藩主徳川慶福(後の徳川家茂)を推す保守路線の南紀派とに分裂し、激しく対立した。
- The successor issue divided the domains into two factions in fierce conflict with each other: One was the Hitotsubashi family supporting Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI who had a great reputation for intelligence and was the seventh son of Nariaki TOGUKAWA, the previous lord of Mito Domain; and the other was the conservative Nanki group supporting Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA (later Iemochi TOKUGAWA) who had a close genealogy with the current Shogun and was the lord of the Kishu Domain because of regarding blood line as important.
- 学術的な視点からは、旧民法が自然法思想に立脚していたことに対して、法の歴史性・民族性を強調した歴史法学からの批判、内容的なものとしては、日本古来の家族制度を始めとする日本の伝統・習慣にそぐわないという批判があった。
- From an academic viewpoint the fact that the Old Civil Code was based on the thought of natural law, there arose criticisms from historical jurisprudence emphasizing a historical and racial nature of law, which included criticisms that the content of the Code would not fit Japanese tradition and customs including Japanese traditional family system.
- 例えば、江西省撫州の人呉与弼(康斎)や 陳献章(白沙)は朱子学派に属すものの、その聖人となるための修養法は読書よりも実践・静坐を重視するなど、後世から見ると若干朱子学とは異なる側面も見られないではなかったのである。
- For example, although Wu Yubi (Kangzhai) and Chen Xianzhang (Baisha) in Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province belonged to the Shushigaku school, they emphasized practice and meditation instead of reading as a way to become a sage, which from a later viewpoint seems to be slightly different from conventional Shushigaku.
- 「今、赤穂浪士の罪を明らかにし、武士の礼でもって切腹に処せられれば、彼らも本懐であろうし、実父を討たれたのに手出しすることを止められた上杉家の願いも満たされようし、また、忠義を軽視してはならないという道理も立つ。」
- Now, if we reveal the crime of Ako Roshi and they are punished by Seppuku based on Rei of samurai, they must be satisfied and also the wish of the Uesugi family, who was stopped from avenging the killing of their father, must be fulfilled, and the order that allegiance must not be understated will make sense.'
- また、農本主義的に思われている家康だが、実際には織田信長、豊臣秀吉と同時代の人間であり、また信長の徹底的な規制緩和による経済振興策をその目で見てきていることからも、成長重視の経済振興派であった可能性が指摘されている。
- Even though Ieyasu was believed to be an agricultural fundamentalist, it is pointed that Ieyasu was, in effect, likely to pursue the growth-oriented economic promotion because he actually lived in the same period as Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and witnessed Nobunaga's economic promotion policy by thorough deregulation.
- 近年、若者層の視聴率が取りにくい事や現代劇に比べ制作費がかかる(時代考証、およびそのための資料引用に関する許諾、大道具・小道具等の制作や調達、ロケ地の確保やそれに伴う許諾、化粧・鬘・衣装等の製作費用や手間...等)。
- In recent years, viewer ratings among young people have dropped and production costs (such as checks for historical accuracy and licensing for the use of related data, production and procurement of sets and props, securing of locations and related licensing, plus costs and labour involved in makeup, wigs, costumes) have increased compared to contemporary dramas.
- 春日山原始林(かすがやまげんしりん)、春日山原生林(かすがやまげんせいりん)とは、春日大社の山として神聖視され、樹木伐採が長らく(千年以上に渡り)禁じられてきたため、森林が極相に達した原生林が広がっている地域である。
- Kasugayama Primeval Forest (kasugayama genshirin, or kasugayama genseirin) is the area where the primitive forest has reached a climax, because the primitive forest as a mountain of Kasuga-Taisha Shrine was regarded to be divine and cutting the trees in the area has been long prohibited for more than 1000 years.
- 明智滅亡後も豊臣政権・江戸幕府下において丹波亀山城には羽柴秀勝(於次、織田信長四男)、豊臣秀勝(小吉、秀吉の甥)、小早川秀秋、前田玄以・岡部長盛ら信任ある人間が配置されるなど京都の西北の入り口として重要視され続けた。
- Trusted personnel such as Hidekatsu HASHIBA (or Otsugi, the fourth son of Nobunaga ODA), Hidekatsu TOYOTOMI (小吉, a nephew of Hideyoshi), Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA, Geni MAEDA, and Nagamori OKABE were designated as lords of Tanba Kameyama-jo Castle under the Toyotomi Shogunate and the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after the demise of Akechi: Kameoka played an active role as the entrance to the northwestern region of Kyoto.
- 当時、国際法の規範的影響力において、武力による国際問題解決が問題視されるのは1919年のヴェルサイユ条約からであり、国家への脅迫が禁止されのは1945年の国際連合憲章が始まったのが国際法規範の機能面における実態である。
- It was since the Treaty of Versailles of 1919 that settling of international issues by force has been seen as a problem under a normative influence of international law, and it was after the beginning of the United Nations Charter of 1945 that threatening against a state was forbidden – those are realities of functional operation of the norm of the international law at that time.
- 王政復古の大号令は、慶応3年10月14日 (旧暦)に征夷大将軍徳川慶喜が政権を返上(大政奉還)し討幕の大義名分が失われたため、討幕派であった岩倉具視や大久保利通らが、討幕の大義名分を得るために決行したクーデターであった。
- The Declaration of Imperial Rule was a kind of coups staged by the anti-shogunate movement of Tomomi IWAKURA, Toshimichi OKUBO and others in order to justify their movement against the Tokugawa shogunate after they lost their official rationale to defeat the shogunate through Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's voluntary Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor) on November 9, 1867.
- いったんは、明治6年(1873年)8月に明治政府は西郷隆盛を使節として派遣することを決定するが、同年9月に帰国した岩倉使節団の大久保利通、岩倉具視・木戸孝允らは時期尚早としてこれに反対、同年10月に遣韓中止が決定された。
- The Meiji government once decided to send Takamori SAIGO as an ambassador to Korea in August 1873, but Toshimichi OKUBO, Tomomi IWAKURA, Takayoshi KIDO and other members of the Iwakura Mission who returned Japan in September 1873 opposed it because it was too early in their opinion, and the government finally decided to suspend to send Saigo to Korea.
- 当時の人気アイドルの東山が主演とあって義経は極端に美化され、ラストで義経は死なずに蝦夷地に逃れることになっており、景時は義経を悪意をもって陥れ平泉まで追ってきて義経に討ち取られるという、史実を無視した筋書きの作品である。
- As the main character was played by Higashiyama, who was a teenage star at that time, Yoshitsune was extremely beautified, and Yoshitsune did not die but escaped to Ezochi (Hokkaido) in the end; Kagetoki trapped Yoshitsune with his evil intentions, chased him to Hiraizumi and was killed by Yoshitsune: a story line that totally ignored historical facts.
- 李登輝の時代に監修された台湾の歴史教科書「認識台湾(歴史編)」では、従来地方史として軽視されていた台湾史を本国史として扱い、特に日本の統治時代を重点的に論じたが、この認識台湾は陳水扁の民進党政権時代に公教育から撤廃された。
- The history textbook compiled during Teng-hui LEE's tenure titled '認識台湾 (歴史編)' (Perception of Taiwan [History]) treated the history of Taiwan, which had been neglected as regional history, as national history, and focused on the period of Japanese rule, but the Democratic Progress Party government led by Shui-bian CHEN stopped adopting the textbook in the public education.
- 謀議が事実であったかどうかは当時でも疑問視する向きが多く、西光と成親が清盛の呼び出しに簡単に応じていることから、平氏側(清盛)が院近臣勢力を潰すため、もしくは山門との衝突を回避するためにでっち上げた疑獄事件の可能性もある。
- Whether there in fact were any secret plans was questioned even at that point and since Saiko and Narichika readily attended to Kiyomori's call, there is a possibility that it was a plot by the Taira clan (Kiyomori) to destroy close aides of the cloistered government or evade confrontation with the Sanmon.
- また、上記のように直政と忠勝は度々比較の対象となったりすることがあり、この2人はお互いにライバル同士であったため、あまり仲がよくなかったと言われている(記述によっては忠勝だけが直政をライバル視していたとされることもある)。
- It is said Naomasa and Tadakatsu were on bad terms because they were rivals and were often compared with each (according to some documents, only Tadakatsu saw Naomasa as a rival).
- つまり、実際には、榎本に好印象を持った出先の英仏軍艦艦長が、本国の意向を無視して勝手に書いた覚書でしかなかったのである(事前に英公使ハリー・パークスが与えた訓令では、上記のような用語の使用を慎重に避けていたのにも関わらず)。
- That means, it was actually nothing but a mamorandam made freely by the captains of the British and French warshipsl, who had a good impression on Enomoto and ignored the intention of their countries (although the use of the terms as above was carefully avoided in the directive made by the British Minister Harry Parkes.)
- ところが、生活のために絵を売っていたことが幕府で問題視されたとの風聞が立ち(一説には藩内の反崋山派による策動とされている)、藩に迷惑が及ぶことを恐れた崋山は「不忠不孝渡辺登」の絶筆の書を遺して、池ノ原屋敷の納屋にて切腹した。
- However, the rumor emerged that the shogunate viewed the sale of Kazan's works to support his life as a problem (one theory says this was a scheme attempted by an anti-Kazan group in the Tahara Domain), and since Kazan was afraid it would damage the domain, he killed himself by seppuku in the barn of the Ikenohara residence, having left the farewell words 'Fuchu Fuko Watanabe Nobori' (Disloyal, Unfilial, Watanabe Nobori).
- 幕府は朝廷権威に接近して権力の再構築を図る公武合体政策を行うが、公家の岩倉具視や、薩摩藩の西郷隆盛(吉之助)、大久保利通、小松帯刀、長州藩の桂小五郎(木戸孝允)、広沢真臣などの尊皇攘夷派らは、王政復古、武力討幕路線を構想する。
- Bakufu approached the authority of the Imperial Court and conducted Kobu-gattai (公武合体)policies targeting the re-establishment of their power, but the Sonno joi (尊王攘夷)faction, including the court nobles Tomomi IWAKURA, Takamori SAIGO (Kichinosuke), Toshimichi OKUBO, Tatewaki KOMATSU of the Satsuma clan, Kogoro KATSURA (Takayoshi KIDO) and Saneomi HIROSAWA of the Choshu clan, plotted the acceptance of restoration of imperial rule and tobaku by military power.
- それにもかかわらず、この条約を結んだことを理由に、野党の立憲政友会総裁の犬養毅と鳩山一郎が衆議院で、「軍令部の反対意見を無視した条約調印は統帥権の干犯である」と政府を攻撃、続いて枢密院議長倉富勇三郎もこれに同調する動きを見せた。
- Despite of the fact, the government concluded the treaty, so that Tsuyoshi INUKAI, the President of the Opposition Rikken seiyukai, and Ichiro HATOYAMA attacked the government at the House of Representatives appealing 'The conclusion of the treaty ignoring the opposite opinion given by the Army means the interference and violate of supreme command', and following that the Chairman of the Privy Council Yuzaburo KURATOMI showed his attitude to sympathize with that.
- 一定の時期に来訪する鳥や昆虫は人間の霊魂と同一視されることが多く、実在するニュウナイスズメは夏季に東北地方で繁殖し、秋季に全国に渡来して農作物に被害をもたらすことから、これが東北に左遷された実方の化身だと想像されたとの説もある。
- Birds and insects which migrate seasonally and on a regular basis are frequently identified as human souls, and therefore, one theory has it that Russet (or Cinnamon) Sparrows which actually breed in Tohoku region in summer, migrate all over the country and damage agricultural products in autumn would probably be associated with the incarnation of Sanekata who had been relegated to Tohoku.
- 本著は先に挙げた先行の作者付を参考にして書かれ、『金春八左衛門書上』、そして『観世太夫書上』・『自家伝抄』の一部を重視し、『能本作者註文』・『歌謡作者考』を参照しつつ、加えて現在知られていない伝書の説も取り入れたと考えられている。
- It is thought that this book was written based on the prior sakushazuke, emphasizes parts of 'Konparu Hachizaemon Kakiage,' 'Kanze Dayu Kakiage' and 'Jika Densho,' and draws inspiration from 'Nohon Sakusha Chumon' and 'Kayo Sakusha Ko' in addition to incorporating the views of the texts now unknown.
- 当初、第1旅団(野津鎮雄少将)・第2旅団(三好重臣少将)・別働第1旅団(高島鞆之助大佐)・別働第2旅団(山田顕義少将)の外に川路利良少将兼警視庁大警視が率いる警視隊(後に別働第3旅団の主力)などが出動し、順次、他の旅団も出動した。
- Initially, the 1st brigade (Major General Shizuo NOZU), the 2nd brigade (Major General Shigeomi MIYOSHI), the detached 1st brigade (Colonel Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA), the detached 2nd brigade (Major General Akiyoshi YAMADA) as well as the Keishi-tai troop (later became the main force of the detached 3rd brigade) led by Major General and Superintendent-General of the Metropolitan Police Department Toshiyoshi KAWAJI and other troops were mobilized, and the other brigades were also mobilized subsequently.
- そして、このような囃子と踊りの奉納を重視する「地車」の存在しない地区による地車囃子が公認される一つの契機となったのは、1970年の大阪万博の前夜祭における地車囃子奉納が、大阪毎日放送の電波に乗ったときのことであると考えられている。
- And in regions which don't have 'danjiri' and value the style of devotion that consists of festival music and dance only, one of the key moments was apparently when the danjiri-bayashi Hono on the eve of festival of the Osaka Expo in 1970 was broadcast by Osaka Mainichi Broadcasting.
- 会話文から地の文への移りやその逆の場面、あるいはその他大勢的な多人数の会話においては、だれの視点から語られているのか判然としない語りが存在したり、気づかない間に語りの担い手が入れ替わったりするが、それが聴衆には不自然に聞こえない。
- When a conversational part precedes a descriptive part in the story, and vice versa, or when conversations take place among many minor characters, it is unclear sometimes as to which character is speaking, and the storyteller may change character without being noticed, but this does not sound unnatural to the audience.
- 一流と呼べる実績を残した勝家ではあるが、同僚時代の羽柴秀吉や配下である佐久間盛政に軍事命令を無視され独断行動をされたり、従属大名的な存在であった前田利家の秀吉方への寝返りを容認するなど、人の使い方において少し脇が甘い部分もあった。
- Although Katsuie left many great achievements, he was a little too mild how he managed others; his colleague Hideyoshi HASHIBA and his subordinate Morimasa SAKUMA ignored his military orders and acted arbitrarily; he tolerated the betrayal of Toshiie MAEDA, who was a subordinate daimyo, when he switched to the Hideyoshi side.
- これは中国における西欧側の非道を知ったこともあるが、朱子学以外を認めない衛正斥邪という思想政策を積極的に推し進めたことから分かるように、大院君は中華思想的発想の持ち主であり、その点から西欧諸国を夷狄視していたことも理由の一つである。
- Daewongun knew the atrocities of West Europeans in China, and he actively promoted the wijŏng ch'ŏksa policy (defense of Confucian orthodoxy and rejection of Christian heterodoxy), which was not to admit ideas other than the doctrines of Zhu Xi, and also he believed in Sinocentrism, and because of this he presumed the Western Europe countries to be barbarous.
- 称光天皇は病弱でたびたび重態に陥り、皇子の誕生もなく、また後小松の次男小川宮も早世したため後継者問題が生じ、後小松上皇は4代将軍足利義持と協議、後継者として崇光流の伏見宮貞成親王が有力視され、一時は後小松の猶子として親王宣下された。
- Because Emperor Shoko was weak and often in serious condition, he did not have any children to succeed as prince; moreover, Gokomatsu's second son Ogawanomiya died young, so there was the issue of who would succeed to the throne; however, after Retired Emperor Gokomatsu had a meeting with the fourth Shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadafusa of Suko Ryu (a descendant of Emperor Suko) was appointed as a successor once he received the title of a Imperial Prince by the imperial order and became Gokomatsu's adopted child.
- 治承四年(1180年)冬、以仁王の令旨を受けて全国の源氏勢が蜂起する中、河内源氏のかつて本拠地の河内石川の源氏の存在を危険視した平清盛は、策略を用いて義基ら石川源氏の主力を鳥羽(京都市伏見区)まで誘い出し、一気に包囲して殲滅させた。
- In the winter of 1180, during the nation-wide revolt of the Minamoto forces in response to the princely command of the Prince Mochihito, TAIRA no Kiyomori, who regarded the existence of the Minamoto clan at Kawachi Ishikawa manor, formerly a stronghold of the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), as a dangerous threat, put a plan in motion which lured Yoshimoto and the greater part of the Ishikawa-Genji (Minamoto clan) strength away to Toba (today's Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City), where he quickly had them surrounded and annihilated.
- 実際に国会質疑等でも取り上げられてはいるが、答弁はその場しのぎのごまかしを繰り返すばかりであり、大きな進展はない(こうしたことは林野庁の予算が少ないためであり、国が第一次産業を軽視しているのが根本的な原因との見方もないわけではない)。
- Diet discussions take place but lead only to repeated ad hoc piecemeal measures with no major progress made (there are those who consider the fundamental reasons of this to be the small budget allocated to the Forestry Agency and neglect of the nation's primary industry).
- しかし、孝明天皇は撫恤のための薪水給与は認めていたが、通商条約や異国人の入国には強く反対しており、また岩倉具視ら多くの公家が関白の幕府寄りの姿勢を批判したため(廷臣八十八卿列参事件参照)、堀田の工作にもかかわらず勅許は得られなかった。
- However, Hotta could not get permission primarily because the Emperor Komei strongly objected to the ideas of allowing foreigners to come into Japan and concluding a commercial treaty, though he did give permission for supplying fuel and water in mercy, and also because many aristocrats including Tomomi IWAKURA criticized Kujo for his attitude towards the shogunate (see the incident that 88 high-ranking aristocrats went on a sit-in protest).
- 締約当時に開発途上国と見なされた中華人民共和国・インドなどが、その後順調な経済的発展を遂げ、非効率的なエネルギー政策で大量に温室効果ガスを発生させ、世界有数の排出国となっているにも関わらず、何ら義務を負っていないことも問題視されている。
- Countries such as People's Republic of China and India, which were regarded as developing countries at the time of ratification, have economically developed steadily afterward and they have come to produced a massive amount of greenhouse gases to be the world's top-class emitter due to their inefficient energy policies; accordingly, it is problematic that they have not undertaken any obligation in spite of such a situation.
- 工期途中で視察のためアメリカ合衆国を訪れた田辺は、当初の計画になかった水力発電を取り入れ、日本初の営業用水力発電所となる蹴上発電所を建設し、1895年には京都・伏見間で日本初となる路面電車(京都電気鉄道)の営業運転が始まることとなった。
- He went on an inspection tour of the United States while the construction works were in progress, and he introduced hydroelectric system which had not been in the original plan; he built Keage Power Plant, Japan's first hydroelectric power station for business use, and in 1895, commercial operation of Japan's first streetcar (Kyoto Electric Railway) started in the section between Kyoto and Fushimi.
- 一切の解説文がないため、どのような妖怪を意図して描かれたものかは想像の域を出ないが、妖怪ではなく実在の動物であるヤマアラシを描いたもの、またはヤマアラシが全身の棘によって相手を威嚇するという断片的な情報が妖怪視されたもの、などの説がある。
- Because no detailed description is attached to it, no one can be sure what kind of Yokai (specter) the Yama-arashi represents, but some say that the Yama-arashi is not Yokai but merely an illustrated figure of the real animal, porcupine (yama-arashi in Japanese), or that fragmented information that a porcupine uses its spines to threaten other animals created the fictitious Yokai, Yama-arashi.
- 現在では社会経済史的視点からの研究や戦国大名武田氏の権力構造の解明、家臣団の個別研究のほか、財政や治水事業、軍事や外交、交通や都市問題、商職人支配や郷村支配、宗教など各分野における実証的研究や民俗学的アプローチなど研究の地平が広っている。
- At present, empirical as well as ethnological studies are being conducted on various themes, including socio-economic history, power structure of the Sengoku daimyo Takeda clan, individual study of vassals, finance, flood prevention projects, military and foreign affairs, urban problem, ruling of merchants/craftsmen, ruling of villages and religion etc.
- その後は豊臣恩顧の大名であったが、家康に危険視されることを恐れて、慶長19年(1614年)からの豊臣氏との戦いである大坂冬の陣では江戸城留守居を務め、慶長20年(1615年)の大坂夏の陣では2代将軍・徳川秀忠に従って徳川方として参加した。
- Since being a favored daimyo of TOYOTOMI, then he feared that Ieyasu considered him dangerous, he stayed and guarded Edo Castle during the Fuyu no Jin (the Winter War in Osaka) from 1614 and served the second Shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA during the Natsu no Jin (the Summer War in Osaka) in 1615.
- 綱吉は小倉の勅命違反の事実を重視して小倉実起と嫡男の小倉公連、その弟の竹淵季件を佐渡国へと流刑を命じ、藪家や中園家といった小倉家の同族に対しても逼塞を命じた(なお、この処分が決定する直前に天和への改元が以前からの予定通りに実施されている)。
- Taking Ogura's failure to obey the imperial command seriously, Tsunayoshi ordered to banish Saneoki OGURA, his legitimate son Kintsura OGURA and Kintsura's younger brother Kiken TAKEBUCHI to Sado Province, and relatives of Ogura including the Yabu and Nakazono families under house arrest (incidentally, immediately before these punishments, the imperial era name had been changed to Tenwa as scheduled beforehand).
- 今日の歴史学界において、江戸時代の朝廷及び地下官人の研究を行う際には、その実態を重視して伝統的な公家名鑑類において定義付けられた「地下官人之棟梁」=両局という図式は採用せず、「地下官人之棟梁」=三催という位置付けで行われるようになっている。
- When today's historians refer to the Imperial Court and the lower ranking officials during the Edo period in their research, they customarily adopt the definition of 'the heads of the lower ranking officials = Sansa,' instead of 'the heads of the low ranked officials = Kyokumu and Kanmu,' adopted in the traditional court noble directories, to place the actual conditions first.
- 次いで1682年、鷹司房輔が関白を辞した際には本来の順序ならば左大臣である近衛基熙を関白に任じるべきところを、霊元天皇は彼が小倉事件ににおける自分の措置に対して批判的であると睨んでいたため、これを無視して右大臣の一条冬経(兼輝)を越任させた。
- Subsequently, in 1682, when Fusasuke TAKATSUKASA resigned from his post as kanpaku (chief adviser) to the Emperor, Emperor Reigen appointed Fuyutsune (Kaneteru) ICHIJO, of Udaijin (Minister of the right), to be a successor, although in an original orderly manner Motohiro KONOE of Sadaijin (Minister of the left), should have been appointed instead; but the Emperor did not do so, as he suspected that Motohiro KONOE was critical to him after giving measures to him in the wake of the Ogura Incident.
- しかし髙橋昌明が「ここでは中心的な問題ではない」というその「ここ」、つまり「武士職能の発生論」ではなくて、「武士」という存在全体、髙橋昌明がいうところの「存在の真の根拠」を理解しようとするときには、在地領主としての存在も無視する訳にはいかない。
- However, the existence of estate owners cannot be ignored in order to understand 'bushi' existence and 'the real origin of existence' mentioned by Masaaki TAKAHASHI, but excluding 'the theory of origin of bushi performance' that he pointed out in 'this' is not a central problem.'
- ところが、台湾出兵の発生と大院君の失脚によって征韓を視野に入れた朝鮮遣使論は下火となり、代わりに純粋な外交による国交回復のための特使として外務省の担当官であった森山茂(後に外務少丞)が倭館に派遣され、朝鮮政府代表との交渉が行われることとなった。
- However, the debate to dispatch an envoy to Korea with a view of subjugation of the Korea died down due to the occurrence of the Taiwan expedition and the downfall of Daewongun, instead, an official of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Shigeru MORIYAMA (Later became Gaimu shojo who's post at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) was dispatched to Wakan (consular office) as a special envoy for restoring relations by pure diplomacy, and started to negotiate with the representatives of Korean government.
- 米国は国内世論の高まりなどを受けて協議に復帰したが、現在の枠組みに反発し条約改正を視野に交渉に臨む日本・米国・ロシア・オーストラリアなどと、既存の枠組みを進め先進国主導の削減を訴える EU などとの間の対立構造が形成されつつあると指摘されている。
- America has come back to the conference because of the upsurge of domestic public opinion, however, the following issue of conflict between America and other developed countries is pointed out: America, while objecting to the present framework, opposes to Japan, Russia, Australia and so on, which negotiate for the treaty revision, and also opposes to EU, which aims to promote the present framework and to reduce the emissions led by developed countries.
- 国衙軍制の可能性を指摘し、それが武士の起源に関係することを論じたものには、石井進『中世成立期軍制研究の一視点』(「史学雑誌」78編12号所載、1969年)や戸田芳実『国衙軍制の形成過程』(「中世の権力と民衆」所載、創元社、1970年)などがある。
- The papers that pointed out the possibility of the kokuga forces system and discussed the relation of the system to the origin of samurai include 'A viewpoint concerning research about the military system in the early medieval period' written by Susumu ISHII ('Shigaku zasshi' (Journal of Historical Studies), No. 12, vol. 78, in 1969) and 'The process in which the kokuga forces system was formed' written by Yoshimi TODA (recorded in 'Power and the general public in the medieval period,' published by Sogensha, in 1970).
- なお、戦前の皇国史観においては、鎌倉幕府が亀山法皇の遺詔を無視して恒明親王を立てなかったことを「不忠」であると非難する主張がなされる事があったが、幕府はあくまでも亀山法皇の嫡男でありかつ当時の治天の君であった後宇多上皇の意向に従っただけに過ぎない。
- Under the emperor-centered historiography based on state Shinto before the War, there was criticism towards the Kamakura bakufu's disloyalty since they ignored the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama's will to allow Imperial Prince Tsuneaki succeed to the throne, but the bakufu only obeyed the Retired Emperor Gouda's intention, who was the eldest son of the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama and the Chiten no kimi (person in power) at that time.
- 主に屋外の物品に砂ぼこりが付着して汚したり、周囲の見通し(視程)や日照を悪化させたり、交通に障害を与えたり、人間や家畜などが砂ぼこりを吸い込んで健康に悪影響を与えたりするなど、多数の被害が発生し、経済的損失は毎年7000億円を超えると推定されている。
- Kosa causes lots of damage described as in the following and the economical loss due to it is estimated to exceed 700 billion yen yearly: Dust from kosa adheres to things placed outdoors, making them dirty, degrades outdoor visibility, makes the sunlight reaching the ground weaker, obstructs traffic, and adversely affects the health of human beings and animals from inhaling the dust.
- そもそも「国王」称号や「干支」の使用は中華秩序における冊封体制の残滓であり、中華帝国を頂点として周辺諸国を従属国視する、伝統的東アジア外交秩序そのものであり、いまこそ、その体制から離脱を図り、かつ朝鮮側にもそれを認知させようとしたのだ、という論である。
- One opinion is as follows: Use of the title of 'King' and the 'Oriental zodiac' was a residue of the China-centered sakuho (homage by Chinese emperors) system, indicating the traditional eastern Asian diplomatic order with China placed at the top and nations around it considered dependent on China, and it was time to try separating from such a system and to make such a situation acknowledged by the Korean side as well.
- 第1次山本内閣の時代を含めることにより、この時期の民衆が一方では憲政擁護運動以来の反閥族感情を保ちながらも、他方では1913年7月の辛亥革命の混乱に際しては、革命派擁護を名目とする対中出兵論に容易に乗るような大正デモクラーの一側面が視野にはいってくる。
- By including the era of the first Yamamoto Cabinet into the Taisho Seihen, we can see another side of Taisho Democracy; since the out set of the Campaign for the Defense of the Constitutionalism, the public in this period retained the anti-clique sentiment, however on the other hand, they easily agreed on dispatching troops to China in the name of supporting the revolutionary group in the turmoil of the Republican Revolution when it broke out in China in July 1913.
- 世界恐慌を経て軍国主義が台頭するに及び、昭和10年(1935年)、美濃部達吉の天皇機関説が学会では主流であったにも拘らず問題視されて発禁処分となり、昭和15年(1940年)には早稲田大学教授津田左右吉の記紀神話への批判が問題となり著作が発禁処分となった。
- With the growth of militarism after the Great Depression of the 1930s, although Tatsukichi MINOBE's theory that the Emperor was an organ of the state was the main theme at academic conferences, it was regarded as questionable and books on this subject were banned in 1935, and then in 1940, criticism of the mythology of the Kojiki and the Nihonshoki by Sokichi TSUDA, a professor of Waseda University, became an issue so the publication of books on this subject was also banned.
- 慶長19年(1614年)(設立時期は諸説あり確定的でない)に長崎市芊(すすき)原、後に大村町、島原町北入込に設立された銀座は、主に銀の海外への不正持ち出しの監視、良質灰吹銀輸出の防止の役割を果たし、京の銀座より銀見役および銀座手代が一年毎に交代派遣された。
- Nagasaki-ginza reportedly established in 1614 (exact date unknown) in Susukihara in Nagasaki City and later in Omuracho, Shimabaracho and Kitairikomi operated chiefly to prevent illegal export of silver and prevent outflow of quality cupellated silver and was staffed by a silver inspector or ginza assistant manager dispatched alternately for one-year assignments.
- 由来は前述のように牛鬼を神聖視する説のほか、伊予国の藤内図書と蔵喜兵ノ尉という人物が牛鬼を退治したという話、徳島県海部郡 (徳島県)の牛鬼を伊予の人物が退治したという話、豊臣秀吉の朝鮮出兵の際に加藤清正が朝鮮の虎を脅すために亀甲車を作った話など、諸説ある。
- Opinions divide concerning its origin: some insist Ushioni was sanctified as mentioned above; a folktale says two men in Iyo Province named Zusho TONAI and Heinojo KURAKI did away with Ushioni; another folktale says a man from Iyo did away with Ushioni living in Kaifu County (of Tokushima Prefecture), Tokushima Prefecture; and another folktale says Kiyomasa KATO produced tortoise wagons to frighten tigers in Korea before Japan's invasion of Korea by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- なお後者は、その様子を見た定子の弟藤原隆家が「追従深き老狐かな」と罵ったというが、この逸話は内親王の機転の利く聡明な人柄を伝えると同時に、いかに世に重きをなす大斎院といえども有力な後見のない内親王としては、時の摂関との結びつきを無視できなかったことが伺える。
- In addition, the latter stated that Teishi's brother who saw that state of things, swore 'an old fox was following her,' but this anecdote revealed that the Imperial Princess had a tactful and clever personality, and how even the Great Saiin, could not ignore the bond with the regent because she did not have a dominant successor.
- 織部や遠州の茶や庭園は利休のそれに比べると作意が強いといわれ、利休が作意をも自然らしさの中に含みこもうとしたのに対し、織部の鑑賞を重視した茶庭には、作意が表面に押し出され、飛石や畳石を打つときは大ぶりなもの、自然にあまり見られない異風なものを探し求めたとされる。
- It is said that the creativity was stronger in tea and garden of Oribe and Enshu than in those of Rikyu, who tried to incorporate even his intention in naturalness, while Oribe's intention was pushed out on the surface in view-emphasized Chatei, where large steppingstones and Tatamiishi stone (tatami rocks) were put, but something unusual custom in the nature was sought.
- 1464年12月24日(寛正5年11月26日)、義尋は、義政が『今後男子が生まれても僧門に入れ、家督を継承させることはない』と起請文までしたため、再三、将軍職就任を説得したことから、意を決して還俗し名を足利義視と改めると勝元の後見を得て今出川邸に移ることにした。
- On December 24, 1464, Yoshihiro made up his mind to return to secular life as Yoshimasa had even prepared a written oath 'Even if a son is born to me, I will make him become a Buddhist priest and not allow him to succeed the headship of the family' and tried to persuade Yoshihiro once again to inherit the office of Shogun; renaming himself Yoshimi ASHIKAGA, the younger brother decided to move to the Imadegawa residence under the guardianship of Katsumoto.
- また、維新政府は西洋の諸制度を研究するため岩倉具視を正使、大久保利通・木戸孝允・伊藤博文らを副使とする岩倉使節団を欧米へ派遣するが、「留守政府」と呼ばれた日本残留組の西郷隆盛・井上馨・大隈重信・板垣退助・江藤新平・大木喬任らの手によって、次々と改革は進んでいった。
- Also, the restoration government dispatched the 'Iwakura Mission,' of which Tomomi IWAKURA was the chief envoy, and Toshimichi OKUBO, Takayoshi KIDO, and Hirobumi ITO were the vice envoys, to Europe and the United States, whereas the members of the 'Rusu-Seifu' (the temporary government while heads of the government were away) like Takamori SAIGO, Kaoru INOUE, Shigenobu OKUMA, Taisuke ITAGAKI, Shinpei ETO, Takato OKI, advanced many reforms one after another.
- すると白石は、「吉通公を将軍に迎えたら、尾張からやって来る家臣と幕臣との間で争いが起こり、諸大名を巻き込んでの天下騒乱になりかねぬ。鍋松君を将軍として我らが後見すれば、少なくとも争いが起こることはない」として、家宣の遺言を無視する形で、白石は家継の擁立を推進した。
- Then Hakuseki said, 'if Yoshimichi becomes the shogun, his vassals from Owari will fight with the vassals of the shogun in Edo, which might engulf the entire country in war, but if we choose Lord Nabematsu (Ietsugu) as our shogun and support him, at the very least there will not be any battle,' and Hakuseki proceeded to back Ietsugu, ignoring Ienobu's will.
- だが、鎌倉幕府成立以後、武士階層が次第に政治力と自信をつけてくるにつれて朝廷や貴族による支配を拒絶する態度をより明確にするようになり、その中核をなした御家人などからは極端な官位昇進などを朝廷重視の姿勢の現れであると見なされ、後の暗殺事件への伏線になったとの説もある。
- However, after the Kamakura bakufu was established, as the samurai class gradually became influential in policies and confident, they clearly refused control by the Imperial Court and the nobility, and the main constituent gokenin considered the extreme promotion as an attitude favoring the Imperial Court, and this lead to the later assassination, according to one theory.
- また、同様に町衆に対し強い影響力を有する日蓮宗に対しても、秀吉が命じた方広寺大仏殿の千僧供養時に他宗の布施を受ける事を容認した日蓮宗受布施派と、禁じた宗義に従った日蓮宗不受不施派の内、後者を家康は公儀に従わぬ者として日蓮宗が他宗への攻撃色が強い事も合わせて危険視した。
- Furthermore, similarly, Ieyasu thought that the Nichiren sect, which had strong influence over townspeople, was dangerous for the following reasons: In holding Senso-kuyo (a religious ritual where 1,000 priest were invited) at the Daibutsu-den hall of Hoko-ji Temple, ordered by Hideyoshi, the Nichiren-sect was divided into the Jufuseha group, which admitted receiving offerings from other religious sects, and Fu-jufuseha group led by Sogi, which did not admit receiving offerings from other religious sects; In this situation, Ieyasu decided that the latter group did not follow orders of the bakufu and had also the feeling that the Nichiren set was rather aggressive to other religious sects.
- 周の礼制を規範とする儒教では周の封建制を重視するが、官僚となり中央集権政治を担うようになった儒者たちにとって大きな矛盾をはらみ、たびたび封建論あるいは郡県論として論議された(ここでいう封建制・郡県制は歴史学上の実際のものではなく儒教思想上の理念として語られたものである)。
- Confucianism, which follows the example of the Li system of Zhou, put importance on the Hoken system of Zhou, but for confucianists who began to take part in centralized politics, the hoken system was very contradictory and was often discussed in the form of essay on the Hoken or Gun Ken system.
- また近江は、「アラ」は鉄の古語であるということと、山砂鉄による製鉄や、その他の鉱物採取を実態としていた修験道はアラハバキ信仰を取り入れ、「ハバキ」は山伏が神聖視する「脛巾」に通じ、アラハバキはやがて「お参りすると足が良くなる」という「足神」様に変容していったと述べている。
- Additionally, Omi explains that 'Ara' is an ancient word for iron and Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts), which was actually involved in iron production using mountain iron sand and collecting other minerals, incorporated Arahabaki beliefs, and 'Habaki' is related to the 'Habaki' (shin guard) which Yamabushi (a mountain priest) considers holy and therefore Arahabaki eventually transformed into a 'god of feet,' considering 'your legs get better if you worship at the shrine.'
- 一方、公家の岩倉具視や薩摩藩の大久保利通ら討幕派は、親徳川派の摂政・二条斉敬や久邇宮朝彦親王(維新後久邇宮)が主催する下で徳川中心の朝廷政府が成立することを阻止するため、満15歳の明治天皇を手中にして二条摂政や朝彦親王を排除し、朝廷を掌握するためのクーデター計画を進めた。
- On the other hand, in order to prevent establishment of an Imperial Government centered on Tokugawa under the sponsorship of Nijo and the Imperial Prince, members of the anti-Shogunate group including Tomomi IWAKURA, a noble, and Toshimichi OKUBO of the Satsuma Domain manipulated the 15-year-old Emperor Meiji, expelled pro-Tokugawa members of the court such as Nariyuki NIJO (the Imperial Regent) and Imperial Prince Kuninomiya Asahiko (Kuninomiya after the Meiji Restoration) and planned a coup to seize control of the Imperial Court.
- 具体的には王心斎は、『孝経』と四書を重視したが、経書の注釈に拘らない自得の学問を説き、独特な「淮南格物」を主張したこと、古代を理想とする尚古思想をもっていたことがその思想的特徴といえるが、なによりも重要なのは、知識人層以外の階層に陽明学を広めることを己が責務としたことである。
- Specifically, Wang Xinzhai put emphasis on the 'Classic of Filial Piety', or 'Xiao Jing', and The Four Books but, ideologically, was characterized by preaching the teachings that he had learned himself without being obsessive about commentaries on the Classics, advocating his original idea of 'Junnan kakubutsu,' and maintaining a primitivism whereby he made the ancient times his ideal, but above all he made it his duty to propagate Yomeigaku outside of the intellectual classes.
- 昆陽の薩摩芋試作が関東における普及に直接繋がったかは、佐藤信淵の指摘(後述「昆陽と佐藤信淵」を参照)に見られるように疑問視する説もあるが、昆陽が同時代に薩摩芋によって名声を得ていたことは事実であり、後世'甘藷先生'と称され、墓所の瀧泉寺(目黒不動)には「甘藷先生之墓」がある。
- Though there is a theory that doubts whether the sweet potatoes made by Konyo for trial purposes led directly to the spread in Kanto, as pointed out by Nobuhiro SATO (refer to the 'Konyo and Nobuhiro SATO' mentioned later), it is a fact that Konyo had gotten fame because of the sweet potatoes in the same period, and was called 'Sweet Potato Teacher' by future generations.
- 外記局や弁官局などが持っていた律令制における公文書管理組織が解体していった10世紀に儀式や公事の作法・判断の典拠として日記に記された先例故実の校勘に求めるようになり、そうした日記を多く所持していた家系がそれを理由として先例故実の家柄として公家社会において重要視されるようになった。
- The apparatus to manage official documents under the Ritsuryo system, namely the Gekikyoku (Secretaries' Office) and the Benkankyoku (Controller's Office), was dismantled in the 10th century, which led people to begin seeking to modify the precedents for etiquette and legal judgments of public ceremonies and events according to what was found in the written record as recorded in diaries; this meant that for the noble families of aristocratic society, who tended to own many such diaries and could now use them to defend their own pedigree according to past precedent, great importance came to be attached to diaries.
- 以上が従来の通説であるが、異説としては、六角氏綱(高頼の嫡男で定頼の兄)の子孫が信長に庇護され存続し、六角義郷が、(父あるいは兄にあたる六角義秀の旧臣であり、片諱を与えた)豊臣秀吉に仕えて12万石の大名となり、豊臣姓と侍従の称号を授かり始終優遇されたとされ、近年有力視されている。
- The above is the conventionally accepted theory, but there is another theory which holds that the descendant of Ujitsuna ROKKAKU (the heir of Takayori and elder brother of Sadayori) survived under the aegis of Nobunaga, and that Yoshisato ROKKAKU (the old vassal of Yoshihide ROKKAKU, who was the father or elder brother, and the Kataimina (a name for a dead person)) served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI to become a feudal lord of 120,000 koku, was given the Toyotomi cognomen and the title of palace staff and was consistently well treated, all of which has been the prevailing theory in modern times.
- 『西南記伝』四番大隊将士伝に桐野利秋を評して「利秋、天資英邁(えいまい)、気宇宏闊(こうかつ)、其人を待つや、憶を開き、胆を露はし、毫も畛域(しんいき)を設けず、然れども志気一発、眉を揚げ気を吐くに当たりては、その概、猛将勇卒と雖ども仰ぎ視ること能はざるものありしと云ふ」という。
- In the stories of commanders and soldiers of the fourth battalion of 'The records of Seina War' (Seinan Kiden), Toshiaki KIRINO was commented as 'Toshiaki was an gifted and large-minded person. He was so hospitable and talked in a friendly manner and opened his heart to anyone without discrimination, but once he was enthusiastic and asserting his opinion, even variant generals or brave soldiers cannot compete.'
- 『徒然草』において、重明親王が元良親王の元日の奏賀の声が太極殿から鳥羽作道まで響いたことを書き残した故事について記されているため、両親王が活躍していた10世紀前半には存在していたとされる(ただし、吉田兼好が見たとされる重明親王による元の文章が残っていないために疑問視する意見もある)。
- Since 'Tsurezure gusa' (Essays in Idleness) shows about a historical event that Imperial Prince Shigeakira wrote down that the voice of Imperial Prince Motoyoshi making a ceremonial speech on the morning of the new year was heard from Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) to Toba no Tsukurimichi, it was considered that the road existed in the early 10th century when the two Imperial princes were active (however, there are opinions that questions this, as the original writings of Imperial Prince Shigeakira which Kenko YOSHIDA is supposed to have seen do not exist).
- 外国との貿易を黒字化させて国内の金保有量を高め、さらには北方においてロシア帝国との貿易も行おうとしていたほか、平賀源内などと親交を持ち、蘭学を手厚く保護し、士農工商の別にとらわれない実力主義に基づく人材登用も試みたが、これらの急激な改革が身分制度や朱子学を重視する保守的な幕府閣僚の反発を買い、
- He tried to expand Japan's trade surplus, increase gold holdings, and open trade with the Russian Empire; he also made friends with Gennai HIRAGA and others, protected Western learning, and took on men of talent based on a merit system regardless of the hereditary four-class order consisting of warrior-rulers, peasants, artisans, and merchants (shinokosho), but these sudden reformations provoked a backlash among conservatives in the shogunate cabinet.
- また、文部省が京大総長の具状を待たずに分限委員会を開き滝川の休職処分を決定したことは、京大における沢柳事件(1913年 - 1914年)以来、「教授会自治」として認められていた慣行(総長の具状は教授会の同意を必要とするというもの)を無視するものであったうえに帝国大学官制にすら違反する可能性があった。
- The decision for Takigawa's extended leave by the Bungen (change in employment status) board of the Ministry of Education without waiting for an explanation from the President of Kyoto University ignored the tradition of 'Ruling by the Board of Professors' that was established by the Sawayanagi Incident (1913-1914) at Kyoto University (the explanation of the president requires the consent of the board of professors) and may have possibly been against the Imperial University Rules.
- もう一つは、交流を禁止してしまったことで、ヨーロッパ(後にアメリカ合衆国も)で発達した産業革命による技術や文化を積極的に受け入れられなくなり、世界の潮流からとりのこされて科学文化が浸透せず(理系軽視)、ひいては太平洋戦争の敗戦の遠因ともなってしまった、とする和辻哲郎にみられるように否定的なものである。
- Another evaluation, typified by Tetsuro WATSUJI, argues that Japan fell behind the global current because of its inability to introduce technology and culture similar to what was being developed during the Industrial Revolution in Europe (later in the United States as well) due to its prohibition on exchanging with other countries; this not only resulted in the failure of Japan to make a scientific culture permeate throughout the nation (science courses were disregarded), but also became an underlying cause of defeat in the Pacific War.
- 武士の起源については、従来は新興地方領主層が自衛の必要から武装した面を重視する説が主流であったが、近年は清和源氏や桓武平氏のような軍事貴族や下級官人層から構成される戦士身分が起源であり、彼らが平安後期の荘園公領制成立期から荘園領主や国衙と結びついて所領経営者として発展していったとみる説が提唱されている。
- As for the origin of bushi, the theory that the class of emerging local lords were armed because of a need for self-defense was traditionally mainstream, but recently a theory proposed that its origin is the warrior status which consisted of the military aristocrats such as Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) or Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) or lower-ranking government officials and they were linked with the owners of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) or kokuga from the formation period of shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates) and developed into the managers of the shoryo (territory).
- 近年注目されるミトコンドリアDNA研究によると、縄文人も弥生人もどちらも北東アジア(中国、シベリア、ブリヤート人、朝鮮半島)に類似したデオキシリボ核酸が多く分布しており、縄文人を南方系、弥生人を北方系とする埴原和郎の二重構造説は疑問視されてはいるが、日本民族が多重構造であること自体は肯定的な意見が強い。
- According to recent mitochondrial DNA research, both the Jomon people and Yayoi people have DNA resembling that of the people of North East Asia (China, Siberia, Buryat and Korean), casting doubt on the multiple structure theory of Kazuro HANIWARA, which purported the Jomon people to be a southern lineage and Yayoi people a northern lineage, though it confirms the multiple structure theory of the Japanese race itself.
- 『ゴジラ_(1954年の映画)』の「フリゲートマーチ」(海上保安庁の巡視船や防衛隊のフリゲート艦隊のテーマ)、『宇宙大戦争』の「宇宙大戦争マーチ」(映画のメインテーマ)などといった異なる編曲が使用されたが、なかでも『怪獣大戦争』での編曲(映画のメインテーマ)が「怪獣大戦争マーチ」として知られるようになった。
- Different arrangements such as, 'frigate march' (a theme music for Japan Coast Guard's patrol boat and frigate fleet of the Guards) in 'Godzilla (a film in 1954),' 'Battle in Outer Space March' (a main theme music for the film) in 'Battle in Outer Space' were used, but above all, an arrangement (the main theme music for the film) in 'Invasion of Astro-Monster' became known as 'Monster Zero March.'
- 会津藩上洛後の京都では尊攘運動がますます激しく、尊攘激派浪士による暗殺・脅迫が横行、朝廷においても尊攘派公家によって朝議が左右されるようになり、天皇の意向はまったく無視されて勅旨が乱発され、幕府に破約攘夷の実行を要求し、さらに1863年(文久3年)8月には天皇による攘夷親征を実行するための大和行幸が企てられた。
- After the statesmen of the Aizu clan had come to Kyoto, the Sonno Joi movement gained additional strength, assassinations and threats by masterless samurai extremists became commonplace; even in the Court, sympathetic court nobles to Sonno Joi had a great influence, they often gave Imperial order without asking the Emperor's permission and demanded that the Shogunate immediately renounce the treaties with foreign countries following the Joi group's proposal (expulsion of foreigners), and what's more, in August 1863 (according to the old lunar calendar) they planned the Emperor's visit to Yamato for carrying out the Emperor's direct commitment to Joi.
- 現代武道が技の錬磨以上に人間形成と体育的見地からの心身の鍛錬を目的として技術の体系を構築し、また競技、試合を重視しているのに対し(例:柔道、剣道)、古武道は基本的に試合での勝敗を目的とせず(流派によっては他流試合を禁じていた)、実際に身を守り暮らす事や、武士としての使命を果たすための鍛錬などが目的とされていた。
- While gendai budo establishes the systems of the arts and places emphasis on competitions or matches for the purpose of disciplining mind and body from the point of view of the human development and physical education more than polishing the arts (for example, judo, kendo), the fundamental purpose of kobudo was not winning a match (some of the schools had forbidden trainees from competing in the contest between different schools), but defending themselves actually to live or disciplining themselves to carry out their missions as samurai.
- 文永の役については現在では壊滅的な被害があったかについても含め多くの疑問が持たれているが、弘安四年七月三十日から翌閏七月一日(1281年8月15日 - 8月16日)にかけては京都でも激しい風雨に見舞われたことが日記類などの記録にあるため、弘安の役での東路・江南両軍の壊滅の原因は台風であるとの説は現在でも有力視されている。
- Nowadays, there are many doubts about Bunei no Eki, including whether there was any serious damage, but what destroyed both armies of the Eastern Route and Southern Yangtze in Koan no Eki is still now widely considered to have been a typhoon, because there are diaries and records stating that even Kyoto had a furious storm from August 15, 1281 to August 16.
- 『古事記』にも「御陵は毛受(もず)の耳原にあり」、『日本書紀』には寿陵であったと記され、「(八十七年)冬十月の癸未の朔己丑に、百舌鳥野稜(もずののみささぎ)に葬(はぶ)りまつる」とあるが、学術的には仁徳天皇陵として疑問視する向きもあることから、最近では(伝)仁徳陵古墳、大仙陵古墳などの名称を用いるのが一般的になってきている。
- Also in 'Kojiki,' it is described that 'the Imperial Mausoleum was located in Mozu no Mimihara' and 'Nihonshoki' describes that it was Juryo (a grave built while alive) and further ' he was entombed in the Mozuno mausoleum on November 22, 399' but because there are some people who question academically whether it is the Emperor Nintoku mausoleum, it has recently become general to use names such as (Legendary) Nintokuryo Tumulus, Daisenryo Tumulus, etc.
- 大久保ら岩倉使節団の外遊組帰国以前の8月17日、一度は閣議で西郷を朝鮮へ全権大使として派遣することが決まったが、翌日この案を上奏された明治天皇は「外遊組帰国まで国家に関わる重要案件は決定しない」という取り決めを基に岩倉具視が帰国するまで待ち、岩倉と熟議した上で再度上奏するようにと、西郷派遣案を却下している(岩倉の帰国は9月17日)。
- Prior to the homecoming of the official travel group of Iwakura Mission including OKUBO, on the August 17, dispatch of SAIGO to the Korea as an ambassador plenipotentiary was once approved in a Cabinet meeting, but when the Emperor Meiji received a report of the proposal on the next day he rejected the SAIGO's dispatch plan based on the agreement that 'won't decide important matters related to the country until the official travel group's homecoming', and asked them to wait for homecoming of Tomomi IWAKURA, and report it again after deep deliberation with IWAKURA (IWAKURA comes home on September 17).
- 持氏が幕府の改元を無視すると、1431年には謝罪の使節を派遣するなど幕府との関係を憂慮し、翌1432年には鎌倉府が横領していた所領を幕府に返還し、同年に幕府で将軍義教の富士下向が協議されると、憲実は警戒して関東情勢の不穏を理由に下向の延期を促し、幕府の醍醐寺三宝院門跡満済らに進物するなど、憲実は一貫して鎌倉府と幕府との調停に努めている。
- Norizane consistently made an effort to mediate between Kamakura Government and Bakufu; when Mochiuji ignored changing the name of an era by Bakufu, Norizane worried about Mochiie's relationship with Bakufu and dispatched envoy in order to apologize about Mochiuji's behavior to Bakufu in 1431, and in the next year, 1432, he returned shoryo (territory) to Bakufu that was dispossessed by Kamakura Government, and also in the same year, Shogun Yoshinori's geko (go down to the province) to Fuji was discussed in Bakufu, Norizane urged them to postpone his geko on the lookout for disturbing situation in Kanto region, and he sent gifts to Mansai who was Monzeki (successor of a temple) of Sanbo-in of Daigo-ji Temple.
- 政府内で払下げに反対していた大隈の処分と反政府運動の鉾先を収めるため、岩倉具視(ただし岩倉は7月から10月まで休養を取って有馬温泉に行っていたので現在では岩倉の関与を否定し、伊藤が主な計画者とする説が有力。)、参議伊藤博文、井上毅らは協議を行い、明治天皇の行幸に大隈が同行している間に大隈の罷免、払下げ中止、10年後の国会開設などの方針を決めた。
- Regarding the punishment of Okuma, who was against the sale in government, and cooling down the movement against the government, Tomomi IWAKURA (However, because Iwakura was on vacation in Arima-onsen (hot spring) from July to October, today there is doubt about involvement of Iwakura, and Ito is considered as a main plotter), Hirobumi ITO, a Sangi, and Kowashi INOUE discussed about dismissal of Okuma, stop of the sales of government owned facilities and equipment and establishment of the National Diet after 10 years while Okuma was away for a trip with Emperor Meiji.
- 開国日本の開国後の文久元年(1861年)、イギリスイギリス海軍の測量艦アクテオン号(Actaeon)が、「攘夷論をあまり刺激しない方が良い」との幕府の勧告を無視して日本沿岸の測量を強行しようとした際、たまたま幕府役人が所有していた伊能小図の写しを見て、その優秀さに大いに驚き、測量計画を中止して幕府からその写しを入手することで引き下がったという。
- In 1861, after the opening of Japan to the world, when the British navy survey ship Acteon tried forcibly to survey the Japanese coast, ignoring the warning by the Bakufu that said it would not be wise to fuel the principle of excluding foreigners, the leader of the ship was much surprised to see a copy of the Ino's small map which the Bakufu officials happened to possess, and agreed to give up the survey project by getting a copy of the map from the Bakufu.
- ただし一葉が経済的に窮乏した原因には、父親が薦めた許婚者を父親の死後に樋口家側が破棄したこと(ちなみに許婚者は後に秋田県知事・山梨県知事となる)や、一葉の労働に対する蔑視意識、士族や華族を崇拝する思想などの一葉自身の内面的事情が少なくないため、一葉を才能に恵まれながら資金的に不遇な生涯を送った聖人のように考えるのは一方的な見方であるとの意見もある。
- However, because some of the causes for Ichiyo's financial troubles can be attributed to the internal affairs of Ichiyo herself - for example, the Higuchi family's annulment of the engagement that her father had recommended after her father's death (parenthetically, the fiance later became the governor of Akita and Yamanashi prefectures), Ichiyo's disdain for labor, and her worshipful feelings towards shizoku and kazoku (the peerage) - some think it one-sided to consider Ichiyo a talented but financially troubled saint.
- しかし、その後の承久の乱における動向については同書に官軍としてみえている「土岐判官代」を光行と比定し、多くの美濃国の武士たちと同じく京方に付いたとする見方がある一方で、光行が乱の後にも「土岐左衛門尉」として同書に現われていることなどから「土岐判官代」は同族の別人(弟・光時か)であるとし、光行自身は幕府方に付き行動していたとする見方も有力視されるなど明確でない。
- For Mitsuyuki's whereabouts in the Jokyu War that occurred thereafter, some consider that 'Toki Hogandai' mentioned in the said record as a member of the Imperial forces was identified as Mitsuyuki and that he sided with Kyoto like many samurai in Mino Province, but there is no definitive explanation on his identity and whereabouts with respect to this record because there is also a persuasive theory that the said 'Toki Hogandai' was somebody else in the same family (such as his brother Mitsutoki) and that Mitsuyuki himself sided with the shogunate forces considering the fact that Mitsuyuki is also mentioned in the same record as 'Toki Saemon no jo' after the Jokyu War.
- 4月下旬に始まった帝国議会において、ロンドン海軍軍縮会議締結に対し、軍令部が要求していた、補助艦の対米比7割に満たないとして条約締結拒否を言ったにもかかわらず、この条約を結んだことを理由に、野党の立憲政友会総裁の犬養毅と鳩山一郎が衆議院で、「軍令部の反対意見を無視した条約調印は統帥権の干犯である」と政府を攻撃、続いて枢密院議長倉富勇三郎もこれに同調する動きを見せた。
- Despite the Army demanded to reject the conclusion of the treaty of London Naval Conference on Disarmament, at the Imperial Diet opened in the latter half of April, because the proportion of the auxiliary ships unreached to 70 percent comparing to that of the United States, the government concluded the treaty, so that Tsuyoshi INUKAI, the President of the Opposition Rikken seiyukai, and Ichiro HATOYAMA attacked the government at the House of Representatives appealing 'The conclusion of the treaty ignoring the opposite opinion given by the Army means the interference and violate of supreme command,' and following that the Chairman of the Privy Council Yuzaburo KURATOMI showed his attitude to sympathize with that.
- 当時政府はには開拓使を廃し、官有物一切を民間に払い下げようとする議があり、それと相表裏して五代友厚は、中野吾一、田中市兵衛とともに北海道に至り、つぶさに各地の状況を視察し、まず、岩内炭坑および厚岸山林の払い下げをうけ、石炭、木材を海外に輸出して、国富の増進をはかるとともに、北海道沿岸の海産物を採取して、内地の需要にあてようとし、14年7月このことを開拓使長官に出願した。
- The government at that time was trying to abolish Hokkaido Development Commissioner and dispose of all the government-run businesses to the private sector, and in connection with it Tomoatsu GODAI went to Hokkaido with Goichi NAKANO and Ichibee TANAKA to carefully inspect various places, and planned to receive the Iwanai coal mine and the Akkeshi forest as disposals from the government and export coals and wood to foreign countries to increase the national wealth, and also planned to harvest the marine products from the coasts of Hokkaido to answer domestic demand, and they applied to the director general of Hokkaido Development Commissioner for it in July, 1881.
- その後明治維新を過ぎると、世の中には皇国史観が形成され、皇室に関する疑惑やスキャンダルを公言する事はタブーとなり、学術的に孝明天皇の暗殺説を論ずる事は長く封印されたが、1940年(昭和15年)7月、日本医史学会関西支部大会の席上において、京都の婦人科医・佐伯理一郎が「天皇が痘瘡に罹患した機会を捉え、岩倉具視がその妹の女官・堀河紀子を操り、天皇に毒を盛った」旨の論説を発表している。
- After the Meiji Restoration, Kokokushikan (emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto) was established in society, it was prohibited to talk about suspicions and scandals in public concerning the Imperial Family, it was prohibited to talk about the theory of Emperor's assassination for a long time, but in July 1940, an obstetrician and gynecologist in Kyoto, Riichiro SAEKI wrote in his essay while he was attending the Kansai Branch of the Japan Society of Medical History, that 'when the Emperor had smallpox, Tomomi IWAKURA ordered his younger sister and the lady-in-waiting, Motoko HORIKAWA, to purposely give poison to the Emperor.'
- その一方で、平安時代中期の著作である『政事要略』が書名を『貞観儀式』とせずに『儀式 貞観』としているのは、当初からこの書名は『儀式』と称されており、『政事要略』は単に脚注として編纂年代である元号の「貞観」を付記したに過ぎないこと、『本朝法家文書目録』は今日では存在が疑問視されている三代儀式の存在を前提に書いており、実際には存在しなかった弘仁儀式を掲げるなど正確性に疑問があるとして、正式な書名は『儀式』であるとする森田悌らの説も存在する。
- On the other hand, Tei MORITA etc. asserted the official book title must be 'Gishiki' arguing that the author of 'Seiji yoryaku,' compiled during the mid-Heian period, used 'Gishiki Jogan' instead of 'Jogan gishiki' in order to add the era name of 'Jogan' in which the book was compiled while acknowledging the title of the book was 'Gishiki' from the very beginning, and that the credibility of 'Honcho hoka monjo mokuroku' is doubtful because it was written on the premise of the existence of Sandai gishiki whose existence is questioned at present and it listed Konin gishiki (ceremony in the manner of the Konin era) which, in reality, did not exist.
- 大久保は、説得に大院君が耳を貸すとは思えず西郷が朝鮮に行った場合必ず殺される(殺されずとも大院君が使節を拒否した場合は開戦の大義名分になってしまう)、そうなった場合結果的に朝鮮と開戦してしまうのではないかという危機感、当時の日本には朝鮮や清、ひいてはロシアとの関係が険悪になる(その帰結として戦争を遂行する)だけの国力が備わっていないという戦略的判断、外遊組との約束を無視し、危険な外交的博打に手を染めようとしている残留組に対する感情的反発、朝鮮半島問題よりも先に片付けるべき外交案件が存在するという日本の国際的立場(清との琉球帰属問題(台湾出兵参照)、ロシアとの樺太、千島列島の領有権問題、イギリスとの小笠原諸島領有権問題、不平等条約改正)などから猛烈に反対、費用の問題なども絡めて征韓の不利を説き延期を訴えた。
- OKUBO didn't think Daewongun lend an ear to persuasion, and thought SAIGO will be killed (even if he won't be killed, if Daewongun rejected the envoy, it can be a legitimate reason for outbreak of war) inevitably when he went to Korea, and he felt a sense of danger that they will start the war with Korea as a result, and his strategic decision that Japan doesn't have national strength at that time to strain the relationship (as a result, wage a war) with Korea, Qing, and eventually Russia, an emotional backlash to the remaining group that ignored agreement and about to dabble in diplomatic gambling, he strongly opposed because of the presence of a diplomatic matters (Ryukyu attribution issue with Qing [see the Taiwan expedition], territorial right problem on Sakhalin and Kurile Islands with Russia, territorial right problem on Ogasawara Islands [Bonin Islands] with England, revision of the unequal treaty) that must be dealt with before Korean Peninsula problem on Japanese international standing, and he correlated it with expenses etc and appealed postponement by telling disadvantage of subjugation of Korea.
- その理由として、御誓文と同時に出された宸翰に出てくる「旧来の陋習」の語がそもそも鎖国攘夷の意味に限定されていないこと、また木戸孝允自身が「打破すべき封建性」「打破すべき閉鎖性」の意味で「旧習」「旧来の陋習」「陋習」という言葉を広く使用していること、また、大久保利通でさえ木戸の「旧来の陋習」と同じ意味のことを「因循の腐臭」とより痛烈に批判していること、つまり、薩長いずれも密留学をさせ倒幕に立ち上がった開明的雄藩であったにもかかわらず長州の木戸より薩摩の大久保のほうが藩主父子・出身藩の内部事情などのためにより批判的にならざるを得ない危険な封建性・閉鎖性をより自覚していたということ(寺田屋事件~西南戦争)、更に、岩倉具視も他の文書で「天地の公道」という全く同じ言葉を万国公法とはおよそ次元の異なる「天然自然の条理というような意味」で用いていることなどが挙げられている。
- As the reason, they explained that the word 'evil customs of the past' in shinkan (Imperial letter) issued at the same time as Charter Oath was not restricted to national isolation as well as expulsion of foreigners, and Takayoshi KIDO himself used the words 'old customs', 'evil customs of the past' and 'conventions' widely as meaning of 'feudalism to be conquered' or 'closed nature to be conquered', and even Toshimichi OKUBO severely criticized the same thing as 'evil customs of the past' mentioned by Kido for 'corrupt smell of old customes', in other word, though both Satsuma and Choshu provided overseas education secretly and were liberal domains led the movement of overthrowing the Shogunate, Okubo from Satsuma recognized more about dangerous feudalism as well as closed nature than Kido from Choshu, Okubo had to criticize more extreme because of internal affair regarding father and son of the lords of his domain and internal circumstances of his domain (The Teradaya Incident - Seinan War), moreover Tomomi IWAKURA also used just the same words 'the laws of Nature' as 'reason of nature' in other document, which meant totally different from international public law.