襖: 278 Terms and Phrases
- 襖
- everyday garment worn by men in ancient Japan
- fusuma (Japanese sliding screen)
- opaque sliding door
- 素襖
- suou (ceremonial dress of lower-class samurai)
- 襖絵
- images drawn or painted on fusuma
- 襖と白
- Fusuma and White Color
- 金襖子
- kajika frog (Buergeria buergeri)
- Kin'oushi
- 襖の文化
- The Culture of Fusuma
- 襖の下貼り
- The Pasted Materials for Groundwork of Fusuma
- 襖としつらい
- Fusuma and Shitsurai
- 桐矢襖文辻ヶ花染胴服
- Dobuku Coat with Paulowinas and Arrows in Tsujigahana (Stitch-Resist Tie-Dyeing) on White Nerinuki (white texture without additional painting)
- 襖絵は狩野興以の作。
- The sliding screen paintings are the work of Koi KANO.
- 仏間の仏壇下小襖の絵。
- Small sliding panels below the altar within the Buddhist image room.
- 長沢芦雪:『竜虎図襖』
- Rosetsu NAGASAWA: 'Ryuko-zu fusuma' (The Sliding Door of Dragon and Tiger)
- もと大徳寺三玄院の襖絵。
- Originally located at the Sangen-in of Daitoku-ji Temple.
- 素襖落(すおう おとし)
- Suo Otoshi (literally, dropping down suo)
- 襖絵は堂本印象の筆である。
- The paintings on the sliding doors are the work of Insho DOMOTO.
- 襖を突き破り絶息する大八。
- Daihachi crashed through the fusuma (Japanese sliding door) and died.
- 建具(襖、障子、板戸、雨戸)
- Fittings (sliding doors, paper sliding-doors, wooden doors, and sliding shutters)
- 醍醐寺三宝院襖絵、妙法院襖絵
- Daigo-ji Sanbo-in Fusuma-e (Painting on a sliding screen of Sanbo-in, Daigo-ji Temple), and Myoho-in Fusuma-e (Painting on a sliding screen of Myoho-in Temple)
- 特産品は、壁紙、襖、茶、椎茸。
- Local products are wallpaper, Fusuma door, tea, and shiitake mushrooms.
- 養源院襖絵・杉戸絵 - 養源院
- Yogen-in Fusuma-e (painting on the sliding partitions at Yogen-in Temple) and Sugido-e (painting on cedar-board doors) - Toge-in Temple
- 鷙鳥図襖絵(個人蔵)重要文化財
- Shicho-zu Fusuma-e (Painting of hawks and eagles on sliding partitions) (Private Collection) Important Cultural Property
- 附 違棚貼付、袋棚小襖等 26面
- Including 26 pictures pasted onto staggered shelves and on small cupboards.
- 長谷川等伯筆 襖絵(重要文化財)
- Sliding partition paintings by Tohaku HASEGAWA (Important Cultural Property)
- 位襖の服の形状は、襖と同一である。
- Iou had the same form as Ou.
- 蓮池図襖(大阪・西福寺)重要文化財
- Renchi-zu Fusuma (sliding partition painting of lotus pond) (Saifuku-ji Temple, Osaka) Important Cultural Property
- 紙本金地著色松桜図 二之間 襖貼付8
- Color on gold-leafed paper paintings of pine trees and cherry trees: 8 paintings pasted on sliding doors in the second room
- 素襖(すおう)とは日本の着物の一種。
- Suo is a kind of Japanese kimono.
- 咄々斎の反古襖に書かれたものが有名。
- The one written on the Hogo-busuma screen attached to the Totsutotsusai tea room is famous.
- 用途に合わせて襖を開け閉めして用いた。
- The fusuma sliding doors were opened or closed according to the necessity of using these rooms.
- 金地著色槇に海棠図(方丈次の間)襖4面
- Color on gold leaf images of kusamaki trees and kaido crab apple trees (anteroom of the abbot's quarters): four on sliding panels
- 花鳥山水の図、虎の図などの襖絵がある。
- Contains sliding screen paintings including those depicting landscapes, flowers and birds, and those depicting tigers.
- 附指定紙本著色柳図 脇二之間 襖貼付4
- The designation also includes color on paper paintings of willow trees: 4 paintings pasted on sliding doors in the wing of the second room
- この「襖」が闕腋袍であったとみられる。
- This 'Fusuma' is thought to be kettekino ho.
- 間仕切り(襖・障子・衝立・屏風・欄間)
- Partition (Fusuma (Japanese sliding door), Shoji (paper sliding door), Tsuitate (screen), Byobu (folding screen), and Ranma (transom))
- 床脇棚と袋戸棚(襖付の棚)が設えられる。
- Tokowakidana (decorative shelve arranged in the recess next to the decorative alcove) and fukurotodana (a small cupboard on the wall of a tokonoma) (shelve with fusuma, a sliding door) are placed.
- 内部には狩野永徳、狩野光信の襖絵や絵天井
- Fusumae (images on fusuma sliding doors) and paintings on the ceilings by Eitoku KANO and Mitsunobu KANO inside
- 紙本金地著色松杉桜図 脇一之間 襖貼付6
- Color on gold-leafed paper paintings of pine trees, cedar trees and cherry trees: 6 paintings pasted on sliding doors in the wing of the first room
- 紙本金地著色松桜図 玄関之間 襖貼付12
- Color on gold-leafed paper paintings of pine trees and cherry trees: 12 paintings pasted on sliding doors in the entrance hall
- 旧永島家襖絵(三重県立美術館)重要文化財
- Kyu Nagashima-ke Fusuma-e (Mie Prefectural Art Museum), designated as an important cultural property
- 伏見御殿の襖絵 - 福山城(広島県福山市)
- Fushimi Goten Fusuma Painting - Fukuyama-jo Castle (Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture)
- 山水人物図(高野山 ・遍照光院)襖絵 国宝
- Sansui Jinbutsu-zu (picture of landscape and figures on sliding partitions) (Henjokoin Temple, Mt. Koya) National Treasure
- 天祥院襖絵(京都・妙心寺天祥院)1647年
- Tensho-in Fusumae (Myoshin-ji Temple, Kyoto) was completed in 1647.
- 襖も幅広く、大胆な市松模様に貼り分けている。
- The Fusuma is also wider and various daring checkered patterns are pasted.
- 大紋(だいもん)、素襖(すおう)が出現した。
- Daimon and Suou were derived from Hitatare.
- 平安時代に「明かり障子」として襖から分離した。
- In the Heian period, akari shoji came to be discriminated from fusuma and was specifically called shoji.
- 立っていても首が襖の引き手の下にあったという。
- It was said that although Hideko was standing, her neck remained under the knob of a fusuma (a Japanese sliding screen).
- 内部は狩野探幽・狩野尚信の襖絵で飾られている。
- The interior is decorated with sliding panel paintings by Tanrei KANO and Naonobu KANO.
- 襖(ふすま)は、和室の仕切りに使う建具のひとつ。
- The term fusuma (襖) is a fitting which is used as a partition in a Japanese-style room.
- 紙本墨画花鳥図 16面 伝蛇足筆(方丈室中襖絵)
- 16 monochrome ink paintings on paper of flowers and birds attributed to Dasoku (sliding panel paintings in the inner room of the hojo)
- 紙本金地著色松桜図 一之間 襖貼付8、天袋貼付4
- Color on gold-leafed paper paintings of pine trees and cherry trees: 8 paintings pasted on sliding doors and 4 paintings pasted on cupboards in the first room
- 旧三玄院襖絵(楽美術館)重要文化財 1589年頃
- Kyu-Sangen-in Fusumae (painting on the sliding partitions formerly at the Sangen-in Temple) (Raku Museum) Important Cultural Property, circa 1589
- 金地著色桐に竹図(方丈上の間)床間貼付3面、襖4面
- Color on gold leaf images of paulownia trees and bamboo (upper room of the abbot's quarters): three in the alcove room and four on sliding panels
- 紙本墨画真山水図 8面 伝蛇足筆(方丈西の間襖絵)
- 8 monochrome ink paintings on paper of landscape attributed to Dasoku (sliding panel paintings in the western room of the hojo)
- 金地着色松図(襖8面、戸襖4面)12面、俵屋宗達筆
- 12 color on gold paintings of pine trees (8 sliding screens, 4 doors) by Sotatsu TAWARAYA
- また寺社や名家では家紋を襖障子に用いる事も多かった。
- In addition, a family crest was often drawn on fusuma-shoji in temples and shrines and houses of a prestigious families.
- また、襖障子と同じように、引手に総が付けられている。
- According to the above document, the akari shoji had a tassel hold like fusuma had.
- In addition, a fringe is set to hikite (door pull, literally, 'hand pull') the same as Fusuma Shoji.
- 「襖」が考案された当初は、表面が絹裂地張りであった。
- When 'fusuma' (襖) were designed at first, the surface were covered with silk cloth.
- 紙本墨画草山水図 5面 伝蛇足筆(方丈書院の間襖絵)
- 5 monochrome ink paintings on paper of flowers and landscapes attributed to Dasoku (sliding panel paintings in the shoin room of the hojo)
- 『群雀図襖』(重要文化財) 成就寺(和歌山県古座町)
- 'Gun-jaku-zu Fusuma' (A Flock of Sparrows on Sliding Doors' (important cultural property) Joju-ji Temple (Koza-cho, Wakayama Prefecture)
- これが資料的に確かな、最古の引き違い戸の襖障子である。
- This is the oldest clear document of Fusuma Shoji (sliding door).
- なお、直垂・大紋の腰紐は白とし、素襖は共生地を用いた。
- They made hitatare and the waist cord of daimon white and used the cloth of the same material for the suo.
- 中でも簡素な古い様式のものを室町時代には素襖と呼んた。
- Among them, simple and classical style hitatare were called suo in the Muromachi period.
- 雪汀水禽図襖絵(個人蔵)重要文化財 京都国立博物館委託
- Settei-suikinzu Fusumae (owned by an individual) which was designated as an important cultural property is now entrusted to Kyoto National Museum.
- 天球院襖絵(京都・妙心寺天球院)1631年 重要文化財
- Tenkyu-in Fusumae (Myoshin-ji Temple, Kyoto) completed in 1631was designated as an important cultural property.
- 長谷川等伯:智積院襖絵楓図・智積院襖絵桜図、松林図屏風
- Tohaku HASEGAWA (長谷川等伯): Chishakuin Temple, Fusuma-e: Maple Tree, Chishakuin Temple; Fusuma-e: Cherry Blossom, Shorinzu Byobu (松林図屏風)
- 元来は現在の襖も含めて障子(さえぎるものの意)と言った。
- Originally, shoji (literally, a shield against something) also referred to fusuma (a sliding door/screen/partition of Japans paper inside a wooden frame) as it is called today, as well as the above.
- 蘇鉄図(香川・妙法寺)四曲屏風一双(もと襖) 重要文化財
- Cycad Palm (Kagawa, Myouhouji) 4-sided Folding Screen (originally sliding screens) – Important Cultural Property
- 雲に瑞鳥を配した雲鶴紋は、今も京都二条城の襖を飾っている。
- The unkaku-mon (a pattern of clouds and cranes) with clouds and birds of good omens has been seen on the fusuma of the Nijo-jo Castle in Kyoto.
- 上の間には宮本武蔵筆といわれる「鷲の図」などの襖絵がある。
- In the upper room there are sliding screen paintings attributed to Musashi MIYAMOTO, such as his 'Picture of an Eagle'.
- 五百羅漢図他(京都・萬福寺)襖絵 重要文化財 1756年頃
- Gohyaku Rakan-zu (pictures of Buddha's 500 disciples on sliding partitions) (Manpuku-ji Temple, Kyoto) Important Cultural Property 1756
- 旧三玄院襖絵(京都・高台寺円徳院)重要文化財 1589年頃
- Kyu-Sangen-in Fusumae (painting on the sliding partitions formerly at the Sangen-in Temple) (Entoku-in subtemple of Kodai-ji Temple) Important Cultural Property, circa 1589
- 桂春院襖絵「松に三日月図」(京都・妙心寺桂春院)1632年
- Keishun-in Fusumae 'Matsu ni mikazuki' (Myoshin-ji Temple, Kyoto) was completed in 1632.
- 指定文化財ではないが宸殿には堂本印象が描いた襖絵が数点ある。
- Although not designated as cultural properties, the Shin-den has sliding partition paintings created by Insho DOMOTO.
- その後岩手県盛岡市の清養院の大襖絵製作を1983年に受ける。
- In 1983, he received an order to produce a large painting on fusuma (sliding doors) of Seiyo-in Temple in Morioka City, Iwate Prefecture.
- もともとは素襖から袖と胸紐を外しただけの構造であったらしい。
- Originally, it seems to have been just a suo (formal middle rank dress, usually including jacket and hakama) with the sleeve and the chest cord removed structurally.
- 老梅図(メトロポリタン美術館)1647年 旧妙心寺天祥院襖絵
- Robaizu (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) was completed in 1647, which was formerly Tensho-in Fusumae in Myoshin-ji Temple.
- 江戸時代の建築図面では、襖障子と唐紙障子の区別が有ったようだ。
- It seems that in drawings for a construction plan during the Edo period there was a distinction between fusuma-shoji and karakami-shoji.
- これは重要な工程で、組子骨の筋の透け防止と襖建具の裄 をだす。
- This is an important process to prevent the ribs of the frame from being seen and to maintain depth of the fusuma door.
- 『花鳥図』襖絵 1902年(大徳寺 塔頭 玉林院 西檀那の間)
- 'Flowers and Birds' Fusumae (images drawn on fusuma sliding door), 1902 (Western Danna room [room for temle's supporters], Gyokurin-in, sub-temple of Daitoku-ji Temple).
- また、方丈にある狩野光信筆の襖絵は重要文化財に指定されている。
- The paintings on the sliding door panels within the abbot's quarters are the work of Mitsunobu KANO and have been designated Important Cultural Properties.
- そして明治期以降は、襖紙の業界を東京がリードするようになっている。
- During the Meiji period and later, Tokyo led the industry of fusuma paper.
- 『源氏物語』は、引き違いの襖障子をありふれた情景として描いている。
- In 'Genji Monogatari,' a double sliding fusuma-shoji was as commonly referred to.
- 紙本著色群虎図(小方丈障壁画)伝狩野探幽筆 虎ノ間襖及貼付 40枚
- 40 color on paper sliding door and paper wall paintings of tigers (Kohojo partition painting) attributed to Tanyu KANO
- 最初の場面は井上流の故事にちなみ銀襖を張り詰められた舞台から始まる。
- The first scene was performed on the stage where a Gin busuma (a sliding screen put on silver foil) was set up, based upon the historical event of the Inoue school.
- また、「清玄の霊桜姫を慕ふの図」で怨霊の姿を襖の染みのように描いた。
- In addition, a ghost is drawn like a stain in a fusuma (Japanese sliding door) in 'The picture of the ghost of Seigen missing Princess Sakura.'
- 狂言の「素襖落」では素襖がストーリーの鍵となる小道具として登場する。
- In 'Suo Otoshi' of kyogen, suo plays a major role.
- 紅白梅図(角屋もてなしの文化美術館)襖4面、四曲屏風一隻 重要文化財
- Red and White Plums (Sumiya Motenashi Art Museum) 4 Sliding Screens and a 4-segment Folding Screen – Important Cultural Property
- 襖障子は太鞁張(たいこ)張りにした雲母(きら)の一色刷りの唐紙である。
- On Fusuma-shoji the karakami printed in one color of kira (a silicate mineral with a layered structure, its crystals are often found in granite deposits) in taikobari style (a type of fusuma (paper-covered, sliding door) which is completely covered with stout Japanese paper).
- このような丁寧につくられた和襖は、ゆうに100年を越える使用に耐える。
- Japanese fusuma made with such care and effort can last for well over one hundred years.
- 他、天明年間前後に制作された円山応挙、石田幽汀などの襖絵も残っている。
- The collection also includes decorated fusuma doors drawn by Okyo MARUYAMA and Yutei ISHIDA in the Tnmei period.
- さらに、その家の主の社会的立場や好みによっても、襖障子の紋様は異なった。
- In addition, the patterns of fusuma-shoji were different according to social position and taste.
- 建具については、腰高明障子や舞良戸そして襖障子などが多く使用されている。
- As for the doors, Koshidaka-akari-shoji (Akari-shoji with a wainscot of about 80cm high), Maidaro and Fusuma-shoji are often used.
- 江戸幕府により、直垂、大紋、素襖は高位の武家しか着られない着物とされた。
- Due to the Edo bakufu, hitatare, daimyo, and suo became a kimono which could only be worn by high class bushi.
- なお、屋形号を許された大名の家臣は侍烏帽子と直垂、素襖の着用を許された。
- Any daimyo authorized to hold a yakata-go title was allowed to have his retainers wear samurai eboshi (a lacquered hat), hitatare (a kind of court dress in old days) and suo (formal middle rank dress, usually includeing jacket and hakama).
- 襖で仕切られた部屋3室と、虎の毛皮、女物の衣裳、鉄砲のセットが2つ必要。
- Three rooms divided by fusuma, two sets of tiger fur, female costumes and musket are required to play.
- この「荒海障子」すなわち、襖建具の誕生の年代を、各資料から推測してみたい。
- Let's guess the date of the appearance of this 'Araumi no shoji,' that is, Fusuma-tategu (fittings such as fusuma) from various documents.
- ほかにも異才の画家 伊藤若冲に支援を続け、相国寺の襖絵などを画かせている。
- He also supported Jakuchu ITO, who was a uniquely talented artist, and had him paint Fusuma-e (images drawn on fusuma sliding doors) for Shokoku-ji Temple.
- この頃になると貴族や上流階級の邸宅には襖がかなり普及していたと判断できる。
- Apparently, around this time, fusuma had spread widely in a residences of aristocracy and the upper-class.
- ただ上張りも下張りも張り替えられており、当時のものは襖の骨組みだけである。
- However, both the final printed paper and paper used as a foundation had been replaced, and now only the frame from those days remain.
- この時代の襖障子は、板戸用の骨太い組子桟に、絹裂地(きれじ)張りであった。
- Fusuma-shoji during this period were made with a big-boned combined framework for a wooden door and a pasted silk cloth covering.
- 『古記』によると、襖とは、襴(らん)がなく、腋線の部分を縫わない服である。
- According to 'Koki' (Ancient records), Ou were clothes with the underarm parts of the sleeves open and the part covering the body was not layered.
- 江戸時代において旗本は位階以下の官位に叙されため素襖は旗本の礼服となった。
- During the Edo period, suo became full dress of hatamoto (a direct vassal of the shogun) because hatamoto was ranked below Ikai.
- すると急いで歩く跫音、襖のあく音、雨戸の開く音、女達の話し声などが聞えて来た。
- Then came sounds of feet hurrying, and screens sliding, and rain-doors opening, and voices of women in converse.
- 木の組子格子の表裏に絹や和紙を張り重ねた障子が衾障子あるいは襖障子と呼ばれた。
- Shoji made with kumiko-goshi (a lattice made of fine materials) with silk cloth or a paper pasted on the both sides were called fusuma-shoji (衾障子 or 襖障子).
- 紙本墨画蜆子猪頭(けんすちょとう)図 4面 伝長谷川等伯筆(方丈衣鉢の間襖絵)
- 4 monochrome ink paintings on paper of the eccentric Zen priests Xianzi and Zhutou attributed to Tohaku HASEGAWA (sliding panel paintings in the clothing and begging bowl room of the hojo)
- 紙本墨画商山四皓(しょうざんしこう)図 8面 伝長谷川等伯筆(方丈東の間襖絵)
- 8 monochrome ink paintings on paper of the Four Sages of Mt. Shang attributed to Tohaku HASEGAWA (sliding panel paintings in the eastern room of the hojo)
- 一方で武士の中での階級差に対応するように直垂から大紋、素襖などが派生していった。
- On the other hand, daimon (formal costume of daimyo consisting of a wide sleeved jacket with family crests) and suo (formal middle rank dress, usually including a jacket and hakama) started to appear in response to social class differences within samurai.
- 建治3年(1277年)6月19日、検非違使に任官されて武家の正装白襖で出仕した。
- On July 28, 1277, he was appointed as Kebiishi (officials with judicial and police powers) and served in white fusuma (an outer robe for military officers) which was a formal attire for samurai.
- 大徳寺本坊は非公開(例年10月上旬の日曜日に襖絵等を公開する曝涼展が行われる)。
- Daitoku-ji Temple's main temple building is not open to the public (holds a Bakuryoten on a Sunday in early October each year to display fusuma paintings etc.)
- 障壁画浜松図(襖12面、戸襖4面、壁3面の17面)が重要文化財に指定されている。
- The Hama Matsu zu (images of seashores and pine trees) partition paintings (12 opaque sliding screens, 4 wooden door covered with Fusuma paper, 17 images on 3 walls) have been designated Important Cultural Properties.
- これらは、12枚で一面の襖になる十二板張り判と十板張り判そして五枚張り判とがある。
- These include a plate for twelve units which means that the pasting of twelve homogeneous units forms a sheet of fusuma as well as a plate for ten units and a plate for five units.
- 襖の原初の形態は、板状の衝立ての両面に絹裂地を張りつけたものであったと考えられる。
- It seems the original form (the primitive form) was a board-like screen on which both sides were covered silk cloth.
- なお、1962年に襖のうち1枚が心ない拝観者により切り取られ行方不明となっている。
- However, one of the opaque sliding screen images is still missing after being stolen by a thoughtless visitor in 1962.
- 『故実拾要』によれば、まず烏帽子、素襖を着た陰陽師大黒が庭の中央に立って囃をする。
- According to the 'Kojitsu shuyo'(the book of old customs and manners), at first, a Yin Yang master Daikoku in Eboshi (aJapanese head gear) and Suou (formal uniform) stands in the center of the garden and plays musical accompaniment,
- 養老律令の衣服令によると、武官の礼服と朝服の規定に、位襖(いおう)が含まれていた。
- According to the clothing code of the Yoro Ritsuryo Code, Raifuku and Chofuku for military officers were prescribed to ware garments called 'Iou.'
- 襖の紋様を大別すると、公家好み、茶方好み、寺社好み、武家好み、町や好みに分けられる。
- The patterns of fusuma are roughly classified into the taste of the nobility, the taste of persons participating in tea ceremony, taste of persons related to temples and shrines, the taste of the samurai class and the taste of merchant families.
- その後、中央での漢画界の権威として高倉御所・雲沢軒・石山寺などで襖絵を作成している。
- Thereafter, he painted the fusuma-e of Takakura Gosho, Untaku-ken and Ishiyama-dera Temple as an authority on Chinese style painting in the capital.
- 隣華院- 方丈襖絵「水墨山水図」長谷川等伯筆(国の重要文化財)、狩野永岳筆襖絵を所有
- Rinka-in Temple - The hojo is in possession of a sliding screen landscape painting 'Suiboku Sansui zu' created by Tohaku HASEGAWA (Important Cultural Property) and sliding screen paintings by Eigaku KANO.
- 元禄16年(1703年)に桂昌院によって再建され、内部の襖絵は狩野派によるものである。
- Rebuilt in 1703 by Keishoin with sliding panel paintings by artists of the Kano school in the inner area.
- 研究者達により、位襖は、地位によって違う色を使った襖(おう)であることがわかっている。
- According to the scholars, the Iou were made of different colored clothing to differentiate ranks.
- 「柱は角柱で畳を敷きつめ、舞良戸・明障子・襖を用いる」とあり、簡潔にして要を得ている。」
- 'It uses kakubashira (a corner post or pillar that is square or rectangular) and tatami (a floor covering made of tightly woven grass and straw) as well as Mairado, Akari-shoji and Fusuma.'
- 間似合紙とは、襖障子の幅に間に合うという意から名付けられたもので、幅三尺二寸、であった。
- The maniai-shi was a term that referred to fitting the width of fusuma-shoji, and was about 0.96 m wide.
- 若年寄の支配に属し、役料500石・役高は1,000石・布衣格・菊之間南際襖際詰であった。
- Under the command of the wakadoshiyori, the officer earned executive allowance of 500 koku (rice yield) and salary of 1,000 koku, was of Hoi (commoner) rank and was stationed to be at the side of the southern door of the Kiku-no-ma Hall.
- それまでの唐紙は横幅一尺六寸、縦幅は一尺九分が標準で、襖障子を貼るのに十二枚必要であった。
- The standard conventional karakami was about 0.48 m wide and about 0.33 m high, and 12 karakami were required to cover fusuma-shoji.
- 間似合紙は、半間(三尺 90cm)の間尺に合う紙の意で、普通は襖障子を貼るのに用いられる。
- The word 'maniai-shi' refers to a paper which is suitable for the width of half ken (which equals to 0.90 m) and it is usually used for fusuma-shoji.
- 室内に張られている襖や障子も湿度が高くなると湿気を吸収し、乾燥すると水分を発散させている。
- When humidity becomes high the fusuma and shoji used in rooms absorb moisture and they evaporate moisture when the air dries.
- 松琴亭の床の間および襖には、薄藍色と白色の加賀奉書紙が大胆な市松模様に貼り付けられている。
- On the tokonoma and Fusuma in the Shokintei, weathered indigo and white Kaga Hosho gami (traditional white Japanese paper, made from high-quality mulberry wood in Kaga Province) are pasted in daring checkered patterns.
- 俵屋宗達の「風神雷神図」、海北友松(かいほうゆうしょう)の襖絵などの文化財を豊富に伝える。
- The site is home to numerous cultural properties including Sotatsu TAWARAYA's 'Fujin Raijin zu' (image of the Wind and Thunder Gods) and Kaiho Yusho's sliding screen paintings.
- 内部の襖絵は狩野光信の高弟であった狩野了慶の筆によるもので、桃山後期の優れた遺品とされる。
- The sliding door panel paintings of the inner area are the work of Ryokei KANO, a high ranking disciple of Mitsunobu KANO, and believed to date from the latter part of the Momoyama period.
- 明治30年(1897年)ころには襖判鳥の子紙に、墨流し加工して好評を得て、輸出までしている。
- Fusuma-size torinoko paper with suminagashi processing (staining method by which Sumi or a pigment is dropped onto water surface, and the appearing pattern is transferred to paper or cloth) was favorably received and even exported around 1897.
- 春光院(しゅんこういん)-重要文化財の南蛮寺(なんばんじ)の鐘と狩野永岳の方丈襖絵を所有する
- Shunko-in Temple - In possession of the Important Cultural Properties of the Namban-ji Temple bell and sliding screen paintings by Eigaku KANO in the hojo.
- 室中(しっちゅう)襖絵の龍図は、作者や制作年代は不明だが,桃山~江戸時代の作といわれている。
- Both the date and artist of the paintings of dragons on the sliding panels in the inner room are unknown but they are reputed to date from between the Momoyama and Edo periods.
- なお「上手の襖から蘭丸が様子をうかがっている様をみせ、振り返った光秀が蘭丸と顔を合わせる。」
- Ranmaru watches Mitsuhide from a paper sliding door stage left and they see each other when Mitsuhide turns around.'
- 『群仙図』、『旧永島家襖絵』などの代表作は2回目の伊勢滞在時に描かれたものと考えられている。
- His major works such as 'Gunsen-zu' (Immortals) and 'Kyu Nagashima-ke Fusuma-e' (sliding partitions formerly at the Nagashima household) are thought to have been painted during his second stay in Ise.
- 唐紙障子に貼る襖紙を江戸時代後期には、和唐紙と称してさまざまに改良工夫されて量産化されている。
- In the latter part of the Edo period, fusuma paper pasted on karakami-shoji was called watoshi, improved by introducing various ideas and was mass-produced.
- この襖は板戸で、いわゆる戸襖仕立てで、引き手にはあげまき(総角)を組緒に結び房を垂らしている。
- These fusuma are wooden doors which are made in the style of so-called Tofusuma door making, and a tassel that is used as a handle, is braided in agemaki-musubi (agemaki knot) and is hung down.
- から紙は、紋様を刷り込んだ襖障子の上張り(表張り)のことで、襖障子には多くの下貼りが行われる。
- Karakami means a surface paper printed patterns and many materials are pasted for groundwork of fusuma-shoji.
- また江戸時代の『鳳闕見聞図説』には、明らかに引き違いの襖障子として、「荒海障子」が描かれている。
- In addition, in the 'Hoketsu Kenmon Zusetsu' (Legal history book) in the Edo period, 'Araumi no shoji' was drawn as an apparent sliding screen of Fusuma shoji.
- 明かり障子の誕生は、平安時代末期の頃で、襖よりもおよそ100年程後に工夫されたと推測されている。
- Akari shoji is presumed to have come into being around the late Heian period, that is, to have been devised approximately 100 years after the birth of fusuma.
- 長谷川等伯が祥雲寺障壁画(現・智積院襖絵)を完成させた頃、息子の久蔵が26歳の若さで亡くなった。
- When Tohaku HASEGAWA completed the wall painting formerly at Shoun-ji Temple (currently the painting on the fusuma sliding doors at the Chishakuin Temple), his son Kyuzo died young at the age of 26.
- ここで魯山人は福田大観の号で北国街道安藤家の天井画や襖絵、篆刻など数々の傑作を当地に残している。
- Here, under the pen name of Taikan FUKUDA, Rosanjin left numerous masterpieces, including Tenkoku pieces and paintings on the ceiling and the fusuma (sliding paper doors) in the House of Ando on the Hokkoku-kaido Route.
- 傍証ながら引き違いの襖障子の誕生年代は、仁和年間(884~888年)まで遡ることが可能と思われる。
- From the evidence, although collateral evidence, the date of the appearance of Fusuma Shoji seems to be the period from 884 to 888.
- 「襖」は衣服のあわせや綿いれの意で、両面が絹裂地張りであったことから「ふすま」の表記に使用された。
- The term 'ao' (襖) refers to a lined kimono or wadded clothes (padded clothes) and used as an expression of 'fusuma' because both sides were covered with silk cloth.
- 水墨の襖絵は後水尾上皇時代のものではなく、江戸後期の絵師・岸駒(がんく)および岡本豊彦の筆になる。
- The black ink paintings on the fusuma are not from the Retired Emperor Gomizunoo era, but they were painted by painters from the late Edo period, Ganku and Toyohiko OKAMOTO.
- このほか、障子や襖の敷居(しきい:障子や襖が移動する木材でできたレール)を踏むのも無作法とされる。
- Besides, it is regarded ill manners to step on shikii (thresholds: wooden rails to slide shoji doors and fusuma panels) of shoji (a light paper sliding door) and fusuma (a heavier sliding panel).
- 名塩は鳥の子で知られているが、近世に高級な襖紙として重宝された泥間似合紙の産地としても有名になった。
- The Najio production method became popular not only for torinoko, but also for doromaniai-shi which was useful as a high-quality fusuma paper in recent years.
- その部屋の果たすべき目的や雰囲気は、襖障子に描かれた紋様によって、大部分が決定されているとも言える。
- The purpose to be accomplished and the atmosphere of the room is greatly influenced by the patterns drawn on fusuma-shoji.
- その大森家が廃屋となり、残されていた襖の下張りから藩政時代から明治初期にかけての古文書が発見された。
- After the Omori family was abandoned, ancient documents from the period of domain duties to the early Meiji period were found in the underlining of the remaining Fusuma (Japanese sliding door).
- なお、江戸初期まで武家の男性は婚礼において直垂または大紋、素襖を着用し、くだけた場でも裃を着ていた。
- Until the Edo period, males from warrior families wore Hitatare, Daimon, and Suo for wedding ceremonies, and they even wore Kamishimo on informal occasions.
- この帳台構えの襖はいわゆる戸襖仕立てで、中央の二枚は左右に引き分け、外側の二枚は嵌め殺しとなっている。
- This chodaigamae Fusuma was made in the so-called Tofusuma door (wooden door covered with Fusuma paper) with the two sliding doors in the center and the other two fixed doors outside.
- 後世の作ながら、「竹取り物語図」や奈良絵本「竹取り物語」では、引き違いの襖や舞良戸などが描かれている。
- In 'Taketori Monogatari zu' (pictures of The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter) and 'Naraehon' (a kind of picture story book produced by a painter in Nara), which were later works, sliding Fusuma and Mairado were painted.
- 本堂(客殿)- 長谷川等伯が描いたとされる襖絵があったが、明治時代初期の廃仏毀釈で失われてしまっている。
- Main Hall (guest hall): Once housed sliding panel paintings believed to be the work of Tohaku HASEGAWA but these were lost as a result of the anti-Buddhist movement at the beginning of the Meiji period.
- 京都嵯峨野の小倉山麓の庵に住まい、その襖色紙には親交があった藤原定家によって選じられた首歌が書かれている。
- He lived in a hermitage at the foot of Mt. Ogura in Sagano, Kyoto, and poems selected by his friend FUJIWARA no Teika were written in square papers on the fusuma (Japanese sliding doors) in the hermitage.
- 随身所のしつらえ立面図などには、すでに障子の表面に「襖」という文字が記され、「襖類何レモ白」と記されている。
- In the elevated view with furnishings of zuijin-dokoro (a place of official guards stationed), there is the word 'fusuma' on all the surfaces of shoji, and a description that 'all the fusuma and similar furnishings were white.'
- このように技術論的に考察すれば、「賢聖の障子」と同時に立てた「障子戸」が引き違いの襖障子であったと考えられる。
- Considering the above, 'Shoji-to' seems to be a sliding Fusuma Shoji, set at the same time as 'Kenjo no shoji.'
- 杉障子に描かれる絵は、襖障子と同様に時に唐絵が描かれることもあったが、多くは大和絵の花鳥風月や跳ね馬であった。
- The main subjects of the pictures depicted on Sugi-shoji were the beauty of nature and prancing horses of Yamato-e, although karae were sometimes seen like found in Fusuma-shoji.
- 日本庭園に使用される主な竹垣は建仁寺垣、高麗垣、沼津垣、鉄砲袖垣、襖垣、鶯垣、四つ目垣、大徳寺垣、立会垣など。
- Major kinds of takegakis for use in Japanese gardens include Kennin-ji-gaki, Korai-gaki, Numazu-gaki, Tepposode-gaki, Fusuma-gaki, Uguisu-gaki, Yotsume-gaki, Daitoku-ji-gaki, and Tachiai-gaki.
- 密庵席は西側の縁側境を明障子、南側の十畳間との境を襖で仕切り、東北側に手前座、北側壁の西寄りに床の間を設ける。
- To the western edge of the Mittanseki tearoom is an engawa veranda separated by a translucent sliding screen, to the south is a ten tatami mat sized room separated by an opaque sliding screen, to the northeast is the host's tea preparation area, and on the west of the northern wall is an alcove.
- 形状の最も大きな特徴としては直垂と大紋は袴の腰紐が白布であるのに対し、素襖のそれは共裂であることが挙げられる。
- The largest difference is that hitatare and daimon used a white waist cord while the suo's cord was made with the same cloth.
- この紺碧障壁画は、上段の間の帳台構えの戸襖と、さらに下段の間の襖絵と一連の構成をなした、雄大なパノラマ絵である。
- The combination of these blue pictures on partitions with the chodaigamae Tofusuma door in the Jodan no ma and the Fusuma-e in the Gedan no ma shows a magnificent panorama picture.
- 紙本淡彩波涛図 円山応挙筆 - 三室32襖、掛軸に改装、1904年に東京国立博物館に寄託、現本堂に復刻8襖を展示
- Light-colored painting on paper of swirling waves by Okyo MARUYAMA, were drawn on 32 panels of fusuma in the three rooms; they were refurbished as hanging scrolls, and were deposited in the Tokyo National Museum in 1904; reprints of eight paintings on fusuma are on display in the present Hondo.
- 直垂、大紋に無い着用法として「半袴」というくるぶしまでの袴を着用することもあり、この場合は「小素襖」と言われる。
- When 'hanbakama,' an ankle length hakama, which was not used with hitatare or daimon, was worn, it was called 'kosuo.'
- 越前での大判の襖紙の製造が増えるにつれて、皺紋加工や漉き模様加工の技術が改良され、襖紙の有数の産地となっていく。
- The more that fusuma papers were produced in the Echizen region, the more techniques, like the processing of a wrinkle pattern and incorporating new patterns were improved, and it became the major production area of fusuma paper.
- また、帳台構えの戸襖の後は、納戸となっており、万一のための用心に武者を入れて置くことができ、武者隠しとも云われた。
- In addition, at the back of Tofusuma door of chodaigamae there was a closet, in which a samurai could be hidden in an emergency, so that it was called the warriors' hiding place.
- 高御座、御帳台の背後の襖は「賢聖障子」(けんじょうのしょうじ)と呼ばれ、中国古代の賢人32人の肖像が描かれている。
- In the back of the Takamikura and the Michodai lies fusuma (a sliding door) called Kenjo no Shoji, on which images of 32 ancient Chinese sages are painted.
- このうち「金碧松三日月図」は狩野山雪の筆によるもので、かつては仏壇背後に貼り付けられていたが,襖絵へと改装された。
- Of these the Sansetsu KANO piece entitled 'Konpekimatsu Mikazuki-zu' was once attached to a Buddhist altar but converted into a sliding screen painting.
- この唐風の異形の怪人を描いた墨絵の障子は、衝立て障子ではなく、引き違いの障子、すなわち襖障子であったと見られている。
- This Shoji on which a strange mysterious person in Chinese style was drawn by ink painting is considered to be a sliding screen or Fusuma Shoji rather than Tsuitate shoji.
- 書院造様式の帳台構えは、当初は塗篭めと襖障子の小室が「帳」の代わりという意で、帳代ともいわれ寝室としても利用された。
- The chodai-gamae in Shoin-zukuri style meant that a small room called nurigome and fusuma-shoji were the alternative of 'cho,' and it was also called 'chodai (帳代 = alternative of cho)' and used as a bedroom.
- 團十郎とのコンビで「鏡獅子」「素襖落」などを振り付け、他にも坪内逍遥の新歌舞伎「お夏狂乱」等も手がけ一時代を築いた。
- In partnership with Danjuro, he composed the choreographies of 'Kagamijishi (The Lion Dance)' and 'Suo otoshi (literally, dropping down suo)' and also undertook new kabuki titled 'Onatsu Kyoran' (Onatsu's Madness) and so on and left his mark on the history of kabuki.
- 時代が下がると接客用の部屋も造られ、冠婚葬祭で人が多く集まる際は、戸や襖を開け放して部屋を広く使えるように工夫された。
- In more recent years, a room was added to serve guests, and fusuma doors and other partitions were removed to make a large single room for many people at events such as weddings, festivals, funerals, and other ceremonies.
- 寛永5年(1628年)7月 大徳寺龍光院蜜庵で、江月宗玩のために小堀遠州、狩野探幽とともに絵筆をふるう(床脇小襖絵)。
- In July, 1628, in Daitokuji Ryukoin Mittan (teahouse of Ryukoin which is a branch temple of Daitoku-ji Temple), Shokado Shojo, Enshu KOBORI and Tanyu KANO finished a painting together for Kogetsu Sogan ('tokowaki kobusuma e' or a picture painted on the small sliding doors of a tokowaki cabinet).
- 襖の原型である衝立障子や屏風そして押しつけ壁にも、唐絵が描かれるようになり、九世紀中頃には大和絵が描かれるようになった。
- Kara-e paintings began to be drawn on tsuitate shoji (an original form of fusuma), folding screens and oshitsuke-kabe (a fixed and unmoving fusuma which is used as a wall), and in the mid-ninth centuries yamato-e paintings began to be drawn.
- 帳台構えについては前に詳しく述べたが、敷居を畳より一段上げ、鴨居を長押より一段低く設け、四枚の紺碧画の襖絵を入れている。
- As mentioned above, chodaigamae is a built-in ornamental doorway with a threshold raised by about one step from a tatami mat, and one step down from the kamoi lower than nageshi and placed four blue Fusuma-e (images painted on fusuma sliding door).
- 後の時代に闕腋の袍(けってきのほう)と呼ばれる服とこの時代の襖は、襴がない点と、腋線の部分を縫わない点が、共通している。
- A form of clothes called 'Ketteki no ho' made in the later period is the same as Ou in that its underarm parts of the sleeves were made open and the part covering the body was not layered.
- 襖障子は、明かり障子のように採光性という重要な目的性という機能を持たず、たんに室内の間仕切りとしての役割しか持っていない。
- The fusuma-shoji does not function to disperse light which is an important purpose for akari-shoji, but is only for the purpose of partitioning a room.
- 「新鳥の子」は、現在襖紙の中では最も廉価な製品で、パルプと古紙を原料とし、製紙から模様絵付けまで一貫して機械生産されている。
- The 'shin-torinoko' is the cheapest product among fusuma papers at present, made of wood pulp and recycled paper by machines consistently from paper manufacturing to pattern painting.
- 絵巻物が襖絵、掛軸、屏風などの形式と根本的に異なるもう1つの点は、作品全体を一度に視野に入れることができないという点である。
- Another fundamental difference of emakimono from fusumae, kakejiku, byobu, and other forms of traditional paintings is that emakimono is unable to be overviewed.
- 百人一首は京の別荘小倉山荘に住まった折に、定家に選定してもらった和歌98首をその襖絵として飾ったことに始まるといわれている。
- Hyakunin Isshu (one hundred waka poems by one hundred poets) is believed to begin with 98 decorative waka which had been selected by Sadaie as fusumae (images drawn on fusuma sliding door) when Yoritsuna lived in his villa in Kyoto, Ogura villa.
- すなわち木造瓦屋根(多くは寄棟造または入母屋造。屋根の頂上には十字架が乗せられた)の建物で、畳、襖、障子、縁側が用いられた。
- These were wooden buildings with tiled roofs (Many being in the yosemune-zukuri style and irimoya-zukuri style. Crucifixes were mounted on the tops of the roofs) and they contained tatami mats, sliding doors, sliding panels and engawa verandas.
- 寛永8年(1631年)に建立された単層入母屋造・桟瓦葺の建物で、内部は狩野山楽の弟子である狩野山雪による襖絵で飾られている。
- The single-storey building with a hip-and-gable pantile roof was constructed in 1631 and the interior is decorated by sliding screen paintings by Sansetsu KANO, a disciple of Sanraku KANO.
- 応挙は画家として名を成した後の1788年に当寺に赴き、本堂6室の襖53幅と壁4面に「山水図」、「波濤図」、「群仙図」を描いた。
- After he acquired a reputation as an artist, he visited this temple in 1788, painting 'Sansui-zu' (picture of a landscape), 'Hato-zu' (picture of swirling waves) and 'Gunsen-zu' (picture of hermits), on 53 fusuma (sliding door) panels and on the surfaces of four walls in the six rooms of Hondo.
- この絵巻物によってで室内の様子がよく判り、衝立、几帳、簾、蔀、屏風など建具の使用状や、襖障子に大和絵が描かれているのが分かる。
- This picture scroll shows what the room looked like very well, for example, how fittings such as a screen, kicho, a bamboo blind, shitomi (a wooden lattice door which opens up vertically) and folding screens were used and yamato-e painting (a traditional Japanese style painting of the late Heian and Kamakura periods dealing with Japanese themes) were drawn on fusuma-shoji.
- 現存最古の襖は、建久8年(1197年)に建立されたと伝えられる、高野山金剛峯寺不動堂の内陣と外陣の境にたてられている襖である。
- The oldest existing fusuma are those placed on the dividing nai-jin (the inner sanctuary of a shrine or temple) and ge-jin (the outer part of a shrine or temple where ordinary people worship) at the Fudo hall of the Kongobu-ji Temple on Mt. Koya, which was said to be built in 1197.
- 襖絵と杉戸絵–俵屋宗達作の(重要文化財)があり、これも伏見城で自刃した将兵の霊を供養するために描かれたものと伝えられています。
- Sliding panel paintings and cedar doors: Created by Sotatsu TAWARAYA (Important Cultural Properties) and said to have been painted in memory of those who committed suicide at Fushimi-jo Castle.
- 遣戸という言葉は、それ自体が引戸の意味であるが、襖障子や明かり障子を意味する事はなく、引き違いの舞良戸を意味していたようである。
- The word 'yarido' itself means a sliding door, but it seems that it did not mean Fusuma Shoji and Akari-shoji but meant a sliding Mairado.
- 元信は父正信の得意とした漢画、水墨画に大和絵の画法を取り入れ、襖、屏風などの装飾的な大画面を得意とし、狩野派様式の基礎を築いた。
- Motonobu assumed the Yamatoe painting style in Kanga and ink painting (in which his father Masanobu specialized); he specialized in large decorative paintings such as a Fusuma (Japanese sliding door) and a folding screen, and built a foundation for the style of the Kanoha group.
- 明かり障子の歴史的発展の過程で、漆の塗子の縁が寝殿造りに使用され、襖障子と同様な室礼としての位置付けがあったことは注目に値する。
- It is notable that akari shoji with lacquered framework was used in a house built in the manner of Heian period palatial architecture and in the historical development of akari shoji, it was considered to be a kind of shitsurai equivalent to fusuma.
- 帝展審査員を務め、1934年、帝室技芸員、1935年、帝国美術院会員、1937年、帝国芸術院会員、1940年、建仁寺襖絵を製作。
- He served as a judge for Japan Art Academy Exhibition (Teiten), became Teishitsu Gigeiin (Imperial art expert) in 1934, member of the Imperial Fine Arts Academy in 1935, member of the Imperial Arts Academy in 1937 and created Fusumae (images drawn on fusuma sliding door) in Kennin-ji Temple in 1940.
- その考えが定着し始めたのは、大紋から発展した「素襖」や「肩衣」といった衣服が出始めた室町時代に入った中期の東山時代頃だと言われる。
- The idea is said to have begun around the Higashiyama period, the middle of Muromachi period, when clothes like 'Suo' and 'Kataginu,' developed from Daimon, were becoming fashionable.
- 太夫道中に使われる傘を襖に貼り込んだ「傘の間」、本物の紅葉を使って型取りしたうえに彩色した壁が使われた「紅葉の間」が特徴的である。
- It features an 'Umbrella room,' on whose sliding doors umbrellas used in tayu parades are pasted, and a 'Room of autumn leaves,' on whose walls autumn leaves, drawn tracing real ones, are colored.
- 長さは時代により異なり、襖に対して八段貼り、六段貼りと徐々に大きくなり、明治16年(1883年)頃で四段貼りで、一尺六寸であった。
- The length varied depending upon historical age, and it had become longer ranging from eight-rank papering, six-rank papering to four-rank papering (about 0.49 m) around 1883.
- おれが椽鼻で清の手紙をひらつかせながら、考え込(こ)んでいると、しきりの襖(ふすま)をあけて、萩野のお婆さんが晩めしを持ってきた。
- When I was meditating with the letter flapping in my hand on the porch, the old lady opened the sliding partition and brought in my supper.
- 関東と関西で多少の演出の違いがあり、工藤が兄弟の父の最期の様を語る件で背面の襖を開けて富士山の遠見を見せるのが関西のやり方である。
- There is a slight difference of staging between the Kanto and Kansai regions; in Kansai, Mount Fuji is seen in the distance between the fusuma sliding doors in the scene where Kudo talks about the last hour of the brothers' father.
- さらに青色の泥間似合紙は、隠蔽性の良さと日焼けしにくい特性から、襖用の間似合鳥の子紙として使用され、上方市場に近いことから発展した。
- In addition, the blue doromaniai-shi had been used as maniai torinoko paper for fusuma because of its good concealing and age resisting qualities, and it spread widely because it was close to the Kamigata market.
- 空間は、障子や襖(ふすま)で囲まれ、特に障子は、空間が完全に断絶されているとも、いないともいえる曖昧な、おぼろげさを醸し出している。
- Space is surrounded with shoji (paper sliding doors) or Fusuma (Japanese sliding doors), and shoji especially generate fuzzy and dim effects, giving an impression of ambiguity of whether or not the space is completely partitioned.
- 襖障子を一枚貼りで貼ることができる、三尺幅で長さ六尺の大判ふすま紙、いわゆる三六判は、江戸の皺紋を特徴とする岩石唐紙で始まっている。
- The large-size fusuma paper, which was so-called sanroku-ban (about 0.9 m wide and 1.80 m long sheet), originated from the ganseki-toshi (rock-tapped look karakami) which was characterized by the wrinkle pattern during the Edo period.
- 方丈襖絵は金箔画で、京狩野派永岳の筆、東の間「琴棋書画図」、室中「月と雁」、西の間 「花鳥」、同上間「太公望」の題材が描かれている。
- The hojo's sliding door panel images painted on gold leaf are the work of Eigaku of the Kyoto Kano school and depict 'Kinki Shoga-zu' (the four accomplishments of music, chess, painting and writing) in the eastern room; 'the moon and geese' in the central room; 'flowers and birds' in the western room; and 'JIANG Ziya' in the inner room of the western room.
- 明かり障子の歴史的発展の過程で、漆の塗子の縁が寝殿造りに使用され、襖障子と同様な室礼としての位置付けがあった事は、興味深いことである。
- It is interesting to note that in the historical process of development of Akari-shoji, the edge of lacquered Nuriko (thing to be coated with) was used in Shinden-zukuri house and considered as Shitsurai the same as Fusuma Shoji.
- 奈良時代の『養老律令』の「衣服令」が定めるところによると、文官の朝服の袍が「衣」と呼ばれるのに対し、武官の朝服の袍は「襖」と呼ばれた。
- According to the definitions of 'the Garment Code' in 'Yoro ritsuryo code (code promulgated in the Yoro period)' in the Nara Period, ho (outer robe/vestment) of civil officers' chofuku was called 'Koromo' while ho of military officers' chofuku was called 'Fusuma.'
- 『新選紙鑑』には、襖紙のことを「からかみ」とし、「から紙多く唐紙といふ。しかれども毛辺紙にまぎるるゆへ ここに から紙としせり」とある。
- In the 'Shinsen Kamikagami' (Newly edited Kamikagami) fusuma paper was written as 'karakami' and there is a description that 'karakami paper was mostly called toshi. However, since this is confused with Mobenshi (Chinese paper named after Moshin - 毛晋), it came to be called karakami.'
- 経師とは、本来は経巻の書写をする人のことであり、経巻の表具も兼ねており、さらに唐紙を障子に張るようになって、襖の表具もするようになった。
- The kyo-ji originally referred to a person who transcribed scriptures and mounted them, and after karakami began to be pasted on shoji, he or she took charge of mounting fusuma as well.
- 角柱を使い、長押(なげし)を打ち、壁や襖障子に極彩色の金碧障壁画を描く書院造りは、対面儀式にはふさわしいが、日常の生活にはやや堅苦しい。
- The Shoin-zukuri room which used kakubashira, nageshi, and richly colored kinpeki shohekiga (a large painting on a wall, screen or sliding door where strong, bright, mineral pigments such as ultramarine, malachite, and red ocher were applied over gold backgrounds with gold foil and gold paint) on the wall and Fusuma-shoji were suitable for ceremonies to see a guest, but a little too stiff for daily life.
- 足利義政の東山殿会所を復元した平面図によると、建具は全て引き違いとなっており、内部仕切は全て襖障子、外部南面と西面が腰高明障子であつた。
- In the floor plan which reconstructs the Kaisho (meeting place) of Higashiyamadono (villa at Mt. Higashiyama) of Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, all were sliding doors, inner partitions were all Fusuma-shoji, and external partitions of the south and west sides were Koshidaka-akari-shoji.
- 建具はほとんど引き違いで、室内の間仕切りは、襖障子が使用され、縁側回りは三本溝の敷居にして、舞良戸の内側に明障子か腰高障子を一枚入れた。
- Almost all doors were sliding doors, Fusuma-shoji were used for inner partitioning and Akari-shoji or Koshidaka-shoji was set inside Mairado on the three tracks along a veranda.
- 大方丈と同じ寛永18年(1641年)に建立された建物で、襖には狩野派の絵が描かれているが、大方丈に比べ淡彩で落ち着いた雰囲気に包まれる。
- The building was constructed in 1641, the same year as the Ohojo (Large Guest House), and has rooms decorated with sliding screen paintings done by artists of the Kano School but, compared to the Ohojo, these are lighter and more tranquil.
- ついでながら、襖の周囲に縁取りとして使用した軟錦(ぜんきん) は、もとは簾や几帳に、縁取りや装飾として使用された、帯状の絹裂地のことである。
- Zenkin used as a hem of fusuma (襖) originally meant the belt-shaped silk cloth used for hemming or decoration for a bamboo blind and kicho (a kind of partition used by court nobles during the Heian period).
- (注)「竹林七賢図」「花鳥図」「琴棋書画図」「雲竜図」「山水図」は、海北友松一派の筆になる方丈旧障壁画であり、襖絵から掛軸に改装されている。
- Note: 'Chikurin-Shichiken-zu,' 'Kacho-zu,' 'Kinki-shoga-zu,' 'Unryu-zu' and 'Sansui-zu' are all Hojo partition screen paintings by Kaihou Yusho that have since been replaced by hangings scrolls.
- 1863年、寺田屋事件が起きて薩摩藩士が斬り合いを行なった後、使用人に命じて即座に畳や襖を取り替えて、営業できるように整えたといわれている。
- In 1863, after feudal retainers of the Satsuma Domain killed each other in the Teradaya Inn (the Teradaya Incident), Otose ordered her servants to replace battered tatami (mats) and fusuma (sliding doors) immediately to prepare for resuming a business.
- 『平家物語』で平清盛が遭遇したという髑髏の化物を、「清盛福原に数百の人頭を見るの図」において襖の取っ手と月が重なって髑髏に見えるよう描いた。
- An apparition of the skeleton which TAIRA no Kiyomori is said to have met in 'Heike Monogatari' (The tale of the Heike) was drawn so as to make the fusuma and the moon overlap to look like a skeleton in 'The picture of Kiyomori seeing several hundreds of heads in Fukuhara.'
- 襖に白鳥の子を張るという伝統は今日にも引き継がれており、格式の高い料亭や旅館にも使われており、皇居の和室の襖も白の鳥の子が張られているという。
- The tradition to paste white torinoko on fusuma has been continued until now in first-class Japanese restaurants and Japanese-style hotels of high social status, and it is said that white torinoko is pasted on the fusuma of Japanese-style room in the Imperial Palace.
- 絵画作品は、壁画、襖絵、掛軸、屏風などのように垂直に立てた状態で鑑賞するものが多いが、絵巻物は、机の上などに水平に置いて見下ろす形で鑑賞する。
- Emakimono are viewed horizontally on a desk, and so on, although other art works are mostly set up vertically for appreciation, like wall paintings, fusumae (paintings on sliding-doors panels), kakejiku (hanging scrolls), byobu (folding screens consisting of multiple and joined panels).
- 服装の順位としては将軍へのお目見えの時に使う直垂・大紋・素襖(すおう)、士分の制服とも言える裃より下にランクされる物で、普段着の扱いであった。
- It was ranked under hitatare (samurai's large square-cut coat with cord laced sleeve edges) for seeing the shogun, daimon (daimyo's formal costume consisting of wide sleeved jacket with family crests), suo (formal middle rank dress, usually including jacket and hakama) and kamishimo (a sleeveless upper garment; formal occasion attire consisted of 'upper and lower'), which is also said to be a uniform for the samurai class, and eventually was treated as casual clothing.
- 狩野信政が描いた大方丈の菊の間の襖絵で、万寿菊の上に数羽の雀が描かれていたが、あまりにも上手に描かれたので雀が生命を受けて飛び去ったといわれる。
- The sliding screen paintings in the Kiku-no-ma (Chrysanthemum Room) of the Ohojo (Large Guest House) were done by Nobumasa KANO and it is said that originally sparrows were painted above the white chrysanthemum but were so lifelike that they came to life and flew away.
- 大きめの家紋を背中と両胸、袖の後ろ側、袴の尻の部分、小さめの家紋を袴の前側に2カ所、合計10カ所に染め抜いた点が直垂や素襖との大きな違いである。
- There was a big difference between Daimon and Hitatare or Suo: family crests were dyed out at ten parts of Daimon, including larger family crests at the back, right and left front sides, back side of each sleeve, and the backside of the hakama and smaller crests at two places on the front part of the hakama.
- この頃には、一般の貴族の邸宅にも、引き違いの襖障子があった事になり、清涼殿の、みしょうじすなわち「荒海障子」はこれ以前に存在していたと考えられる。
- It means that there was a sliding Fusuma Shoji in general aristocratic residences around this time, and apparently Shoji in Seiryoden, that is, 'Araumi no shoji' existed before this.
- そうした模写の中には、江戸城西の丸御殿や本丸御殿の襖金碧障壁画など、現存しない物や原本所在不明な物も含まれており、研究者にとっては貴重な資料である。
- Among those early works are copies made of the Fusuma kinpeki-shohekiga (paintings on gold foil-pressed paper sliding doors and screens) of the Nishinomaru Palace and the Honmaru Palace of Edo-jo Castle and the like, including works that are no longer extant, or of which the whereabouts are unknown, making them extremely valuable sources to researchers.
- しかしながら、この歌の解釈にはさまざまな異論もあるようで、襖障子の誕生を一気に百数十年も遡るのは、大変魅力的ではあるが、やや冒険的であるかも知れない。
- However, there are various theories for the interpretation of this waka, so that it might be too ambitious to go back one hundred and several decades for the appearance of Fusuma all at once, although it is very tempting to do so.
- また、幕絵以外にも甲府町人から依頼された屏風絵や襖絵などを手がけており、甲府商家の大木コレクション(山梨県立博物館所蔵)には作品の一部が残されている。
- In addition to the banner paintings, he also completed paintings on folding screens and sliding doors upon the request of the townspeople of Kofu and a part of them has been preserved by a mercantile house of Kofu, Oki Collection (owned by Yamanashi Prefectural Museum).
- 伝統的な手漉き越前和紙の「本鳥の子」は、高級襖紙の代名詞であり時間が経つほどに鳥の子の肌は独特の風合いを保ち、むしろ新しいものよりも上品な肌合いになる。
- The 'hon-torinoko,' a traditional handmade Echizen paper, is a synonymous with high-quality fusuma paper, which keeps its unique taste and rather, exhibits a more refined touch as it ages.
- のちに、隠蔽性の高い厚手の唐紙が伝来して障子に用いられて普及していくが、襖障子と唐紙障子は混同され併用されて、絹張りでない紙張り障子も襖と称されていく。
- Later, the thick karakami (Chinese paper) which concealed easily was introduced and its application to shoji spread, the difference between fusuma-shoji, and karakami-shoji (paper sliding-door made of imported Chinese paper) became blurred and they were used together so paper covered shoji, other than silk shoji, were also called fusuma.
- 仁和年中、深紅色の衣服の着用が禁じられていたにも関わらず、右大臣の多は深紅の襖子(あおし)を着用し、検非違使の小野道風に裂き取られたことがあったという。
- During the era of Ninna, when he was Udaijin, he wore a red aoshi, even though wearing red clothes was prohibited, and ONO no Michikaze, who was then assigned to kebiishi (officialswith judicial and police powers), ripped off his clothes.
- 初期の書院造りの特徴は、接客対面の儀式の場としての書院を、権力の象徴として、襖障子と張り付け壁を連続させて、その全面を金地極彩色の金碧障壁画で飾り立てた。
- The characteristic of Shoin-zukuri style in the early stages was that fusuma-shoji and haritsuke kabe of shoin as the place for a ceremony to meet visitors were placed side by side and the whole surface was decorated with kinpeki-shohekiga of brilliant coloring on a golden ground as a symbol of power.
- 1462年(寛正3年)京都相国寺松泉軒の襖絵を描いて室町幕府8代将軍足利義政に認められ、翌1463年(寛正4年)周文の跡をついで将軍家の御用絵師となった。
- In 1462, he won the recognition of the 8th shogun, Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, after painting the fusuma-e (images drawn or painted on fusuma) of Shosen-ken in Kyoto Shokoku-ji Temple and in the following year, in 1463, he became the official painter of the shogun family as the successor of Shubun.
- 襖障子は、表面仕上げに鳥の子紙を貼り、その上に金箔を貼りその上から極彩色の岩絵の具で絵柄を描くか、鳥の子の地肌に直接彩色あるいは墨で絵を描いたものを指した。
- Fusuma-shoji referred to shoji on which torinoko paper was pasted for finishing the surface, patterns were drawn by richly colored mineral paints on an applied gold foil over it or the pictures were drawn in colors or with Sumi directly on the surface of the torinoko paper.
- 敷居と鴨居を設けて樋(みぞ)を彫った、可動式の板壁の発明が契機となり、建具技術の革新と応用発展が一気に開花し、引き違い戸の襖障子や遣戸を工夫発明していった。
- The invention of movable wooden wall set in the tracks carved in the threshold and kamoi led to the flowering in innovations of techniques of doors and applications and the devices for sliding Fusuma Shoji and yarido.
- 「宿木」の巻では、清涼殿朝餉の間には大和絵の襖障子と、銀地に流水飛鳥の図を描いた副障子(可動式の壁として使用した、嵌め込み式の襖障子の一種)が描かれている。
- In the volume of 'Yadorigi' (the volume of mistletoe) the fusuma-shoji of yamato-e paintings and the fuku-shoji (a kind of fusuma-shoji that is used as a movable wall) showing a picture of birds over running water painted on a silver ground were painted in the room used for breakfast in the Seiryoden (Literally 'Limpid Cool Hall,' an imperial summer palace).
- 寛永18年(1641年)に建立された檜皮葺き・入母屋造りの華麗な書院建築で、54畳敷きの鶴の間を中心に狩野一派の筆になる豪華な襖絵に彩られた多くの部屋が続く。
- A magnificent Shoin-style building constructed in 1641 with a hip-and-gable cypress bark roof centered around the 54 mat-sized Tsuru-no-ma (Crane Room) and featuring numerous rooms adorned with extravagant sliding screen paintings by artists of the Kano School.
- 奈良時代の『養老律令』の「衣服令」が定めるところによると、文官の袍が「衣」と呼ばれるのに対し、武官の袍は「襖」と呼ばれ、この「襖」が闕腋袍であったとみられる。
- According to the stipulation by 'ebukuryo' (The garment code) of 'Yoro ritsuryo code (the code promulgated in the Yoro period),' the ho (robe) of civil officers was called 'e (衣)' while ho of military officers was called 'ou (襖),' which seems to have been ketteki no ho.
- 九七九年成立の『落窪物語』に「隔ての障子をあけて出づれば、閉すべき心もおぼつかず」「中隔ての障子をあけ給ふに」などとあるから、へだての障子は襖障子と解釈できる。
- In 'Ochikubo monogatari' (The Tale of Ochikubo) established in 979, there are descriptions such as 'When you open the shoji as a separators and go out, the closed mind is less than secure' and 'shoji as a separator is opened,' therefore, 'shoji as a separator' can be interrupted as Fusuma Shoji.
- 1473年(文明5年)頃までの作画の記録は残っているが、宗湛作の遺品は発見されておらず、宗湛の書き残したものを子の宗継が完成させた大徳寺養徳院の襖絵のみである。
- Although records of the fact that he was engaged in painting around 1473 are existent, no paintings by Sotan have been discovered so far except for the fusuma-e of Yotokuin in Daitoku-ji Temple which Sokei, his son, completed based on what Sotan left unfinished.
- 大正7年(1918年)の『越前製紙案内』によると、前年の越前和紙の生産額は、襖紙が半紙・光沢紙・奉書紙に次ぐ四位の生産高を記録するほどに重要な位置を占めている。
- According to the 'Echizen seishi-annai' (guide to paper manufacturing in former Echizen province) written in 1918, Echizen washi (Japanese paper made in former Echizen province) in the previous year occupied such an important place as the amount of production was ranked fourth after hanshi (standard-size Japanese writing paper), coated paper, and hoshogami.
- 嵌め込み式の障子(副障子)と引き違いの障子とは、ほぼ同時期の発明と考えると、『竹取物語』の成立時にはすでに一部の上流階級の邸宅には、引き違いの襖があった事になる。
- Considering that the set-in Shoji (fukushoji, or set-in translucent screens) and the sliding Shoji were invented almost at the same time, apparently there were sliding Fusuma as a part of residence of upper class until the establishment of 'Taketori Monogatari.'
- 正面床の間の、貼り付壁や付け書院、違棚の小襖や間仕切りとしての襖、長押の上の壁面などをすべて構成要素として利用した、雄大で華麗なパノラマ金碧障壁画が描かれている。
- A magnificent, gorgeous and panoramic kinpeki-shohekiga was painted consisting of haritsuke kabe, tsukeshoin (the exterior corner of the alcove on the veranda in an aristocratic style dwelling), kobusuma (a small fusuma) of chigaidana (set of staggered shelves), fusuma as partitions and walls above nageshi (a horizontal piece of timber in the frame of a Japanese-style house) in the front tokonoma (the front alcove).
- 各室には桃山時代の画壇と代表する画家の1人である海北友松(かいほうゆうしょう)の水墨障壁画があったが、現在は襖から掛軸に改装され、京都国立博物館に寄託されている。
- Each room was originally adorned by India-ink partition paintings by archetypal Momoyama artist Kaiho Yusho but these have since been deposited at Kyoto National Museum and replaced by hanging scrolls.
- 内部の襖絵(重要文化財)は雪舟の画風を継承した毛利家・御用絵師である雲谷等顔(うんこくとうがん)筆で、室中の「竹林七賢図」や檀那の間の「西湖図」など44面が残る。
- The inside of the building includes 44 sliding panel paintings (Important Cultural Properties) including 'Chikurin Shichiken-zu' in the inner room and 'Saiko-zu' in the Danna room that are the works of Togan UNKOKU who was a painter in the service of the Mori family and who had inherited the artistic style of Sesshu.
- 金碧障壁画は、金箔地に群青・緑青・白緑そして朱や濃墨などを用いた、濃彩色の障壁画(襖や貼り付け壁、屏風などに描かれた絵)で、狩野永徳によって新しい画法が創造された。
- Kinpeki-shohekiga are deep colored pictures on partitions (paintings on fusuma, haritsuke kabe or folding screens) painted using ultramarine (sea blue), copper rust (verdigris), byakuroku (whitish green), cinnabar (vermilion) and kozumi (deep Sumi Japanese ink) over a gold foil background, a new style of painting written by Eitoku KANO.
- 江戸時代の武家社会における礼装は、その者の官位により直垂・狩衣・大紋(大名の場合・忠臣蔵などで見られる)、素襖(旗本以下の場合・能、狂言の舞台で見られる)であった。
- Meanwhile, formal clothes of the people of samurai society in the Edo period depended on their official ranks, ranging from hitatare, kariginu, daimon (worn by a feudal lord as seen in the drama 'Chushingura') and suo (worn by lower ranks than Hatamoto or direct retainers of the shogun, as seen on the stages of Noh, Kyogen and other plays.)
- 建具の構造としては、間仕切りとしての隔ての機能をもつ襖に近く、さらに襖よりも簡素ながら、隔てと採光いう矛盾した機能を併せもつ明かり障子の発明は、画期的なことであった。
- In structural terms, it resembles fusuma, which has a shielding function and serves as a partition, while being different in that it has two contradictory functions, that is, the function of shielding one space from another and that of allowing the passage of outdoor light into an indoor space although it is simpler than fusuma; thus, akari shoji was an epoch-making invention.
- 付書院の花頭窓とその上の障子の構成や欄間の釘隠しの意匠そして、襖障子には木版でシンプルな小紋文様をすり込んだ唐紙を使用するなど、さまざまなしゃれた意匠を工夫していった。
- Various sophisticated designs were devised as follows; the formation of Katomado (specially shaped windows with many s-shaped curves in a Zen temple) and its above Shoji of tsukeshoin, the design of kugikakushi (object which conceals the head of nail) of transom and the usage of karakami (printed paper, paper sliding door) xylographed simple komon (small fine pattern) motif.
- この副障子を、鴨居と敷居という二本の溝を設けて、引き違いに動くように工夫したのが鳥居障子(鴨居障子)で、今日の「ふすま」の原型となったもので、衾障子・襖障子と呼ばれた。
- Based on this fuku-shoji, the torii-shoji (kamoi-shoji) was devised to move in two directions by drawing on the two grooves of kamoi and threshold, and it led to the original form of present day 'fusuma' and was called fusuma-shoji (衾障子 or 襖障子).
- 板戸や明かり障子は建具職人によって作られるが、襖は一般に建具とは言わず、「ふすま」と言い、経師や表具師によって、幾重にも紙を張り重ねることによって「ふすま」となって行く。
- While wooden doors and akari-shoji are made by a workman for doors, fusuma is not included as doors generally, made with pasting paper several times by kyo-ji and hyogu-shi.
- 鎌倉時代にはいって書院造りが普及してから、「唐紙師(かみし)」という襖紙の専門家があらわれ、表具師(布や紙を具地に貼る)は分業化され、その名を引き継いで経師ともいわれた。
- After Shoin-zukuri style prevailed during the Kamakura period, the 'kami-shi,' a specialist in handling fusuma paper, appeared and the work of hyogu-shi (craftsman who pasted cloth or paper on the frame) was divided, kami-shi was also called kyo-ji, taking over its name.
- 現存する代表作の一つである大徳寺聚光院方丈障壁画は永徳と父・松栄の分担制作であるが、父・松栄は方丈南側正面の主要な部屋の襖絵を息子の永徳にまかせ、自分は脇役に回っている。
- The paintings on the partitions in the hojo of Jukoin, Daitoku-ji Temple (which are among his best existing works) were created by Eitoku together with his father Shoei; however, Shoei had Eitoku take charge of Fusumae of the major room in the south front of the hojo, while he took a supporting role.
- これらは旧御所の障壁画を引き継いだものであるが、建物の移築に際して襖の配置構成が大幅に変更されており、本来ひと続きの画面であった襖が別々の部屋に配置されているものも多い。
- These were inherited from the old imperial palace but when the building was moved, the configuration of the sliding screens was drastically changed and many that were once part of a continuous series became placed in different rooms.
- 生活の中では、襖や障子を閉め忘れたり乱暴に扱ったり、また技術職の徒弟で後片付けなどを怠ると「残心がない」や「残心が出来ていない」といって躾けとして用いられる言葉でもある。
- In everyday life, the term is used for teaching manners as in the expression 'there is no zan-shin' or 'zan-shin is not performed well', when one forgets to close or roughly handles fusuma (Japanese sliding door) or shoji (partitions that can divide the interior of a building into separate rooms), or when an apprentice of craftsmanship neglects cleanup.
- 越前の名紙匠と讃えられている岩野製紙の岩野平三郎が、大正期から昭和期にかけて考案した美術紙にはさまざまの技法が用いられ、その多くが襖判鳥の子紙の装飾加工にも応用されている。
- The bijutsu-shi was invented by Heizaburo IWANO of Iwano paper industry, who was regarded as a master craftsman of paper making, using various techniques, many of which were applied to the decoration of fusuma-size torinoko paper.
- 大方丈には狩野派の絵師による障壁画があり、柳の間・麝香の間・御昼の間・花鳥の間(西の間)・鶴の間・鳴滝の間の各間にある襖や壁貼付など計120面が重要文化財に指定されている。
- A total of 120 sliding screen and paper wall paintings, all dedicated Important Cultural Properties, done by artists of the Kano school adorn the rooms of the Ohojo which includes the willow room, musk room, lunch room, flower and bird room (west room), crane room and Narutaki room.
- 岡本が「自宅の襖に写してでも撮りたい」という映画のために、自宅を抵当に入れることはもちろん、知り合いから定期預金を集めてこれを抵当に銀行から借入れる等、資金集めに奔走した。
- As Okamoto insisted that he would like to shoot the movies even though they would not be publicly released and only screened on his house's fusuma (sliding doors), she tried all she could to raise the fund for film shooting, by not only mortgaging the house, but also by temporarily keeping the fixed deposit certificates of her acquaintances to borrow the money on them.
- 屋根瓦に十字紋が用いられたことが出土遺物によって確認できるほか、柱・梁・破風・欄間の装飾や彫り物、襖絵、天井絵等に、キリスト教に関連するモチーフが取り入れられたと思われる。
- In addition to the use of crucifix designs on roof tiles that has been determined from excavated artifacts, it is thought that Christian motifs were incorporated into the engravings and decoration on pillars, beams, gables and transoms, as well as sliding panel paintings and roof paintings.
- 帳台構えは、敷居を畳より一段上げ、鴨居を長押より一段低く設け、三本の方立(ほたて)をたて四枚の金碧画の襖絵を入れ、中央の二枚は左右に引き分け外側の二枚は嵌め殺しとなっている。
- Chodai-gamae consists of the four fusuma paintings on gold foil background, being set in a threshold which is one step higher than tatami, a kamoi (a generic term for a head jamb, normally having tracks for sliding doors or partitions) which is one step lower than nageshi and three hotate (a thin board or narrow post set on each side of a door or gate to provide a neat finish), and the central two fusuma-e paintings are pulled apart to the right and left, while the outside two paintings are fixed.
- 一応、正式の客間には、白地または襖絵が描かれたものを用いて襖障子と称し、略式の居間や数寄屋風の建物には、色無地や小紋柄を木版で刷った唐紙を使用し、唐紙障子と称したようである。
- Supposedly, shoji with a white background or on which fusuma-e (images drawn on fusuma sliding door) were drawn were used in a formal guest room and were called fusuma-shoji, shoji covered with woodblock printed karakami of one color background without a pattern or a fine pattern placed in an informal living room or sukiya (style of a tea-ceremony house) style building were called karakami-shoji.
- 桐紋雲母(きらら)刷りの唐紙襖に描かれた非常に珍しいもので、等伯が住職に襖絵製作を申し出ていたが許されなかったので、住職の留守中に一気に描きあげてしまったものだと伝えられる。
- These unique pieces feature the Paulownia Seal mica-printed onto Chinese paper screens and are said to have all been created in a single batch while the head priest was away after Tohaku proposed the idea of painted screens to him but was refused.
- 封建社会の当時にあっては、家門の長が主要な部屋の襖絵を描くのが常識であり、この障壁画制作時には松栄は才能豊かな永徳に家督を譲って、自身はすでに隠居の身であったと考証されている。
- In the days of feudal society it was a common practice that the head of a family would create Fusumae in the major room, so it is historically believed that, at the time such paintings were created, Shoei had already retired after transferring the family estate to Eitoku, who was a great talent.
- 細川紙では、特に比企郡小川町が有名で、「ぴっかり千両」という言葉があり、「天気さえ良ければ一日千両になる」と言われたほど繁栄し、江戸町人の帳簿用や襖紙加工の原紙として利用された。
- Among Hosokawa-gami, the type made in Ogawa town, Hiki-gun is especially famous and flourished and earned the word of 'pikkari sen-ryo' (a sunny millionaire), which means that 'if the weather is good, you can make a large profit in a day,' and was used as a material paper to process an account book or a fusuma paper for townspeople.
- 時代を経るに従い、言葉がつづまり襖障子、唐紙障子の内、「障子」が脱落して襖、唐紙となり、明かり障子は逆に「明かり」が脱落し、障子が固有名詞となり、間仕切りの総称から地位を譲った。
- As the time passed, the words were shortened and the word 'shoji' was left out of fusuma-shoji and karakami-shoji, and the word 'akari' was left out of akari-shoji (a translucent screen or sliding door made by pasting single sheets of white Japanese paper on light wooden frames) so that the word shoji became a specific term for a kind of screen, and was no longer used as a general term for all screens.
- 一番目の三建目(みたてめ。序幕)には荒事の暫があり、その返し(次幕)にはダンマリがあり、四建目には所作事がつき、大詰には金襖が用いられた御殿の場があり、謀反人の見出されがあった。
- In the overture (called 'mitateme') of the first part, 'Shibaraku' (a war story) in an exaggerated kabuki style was given and in the second act (called 'kaeshi') 'danmari' (a pantomimic play) was performed, followed by 'shosagoto' (kabuki dancing) in the fourth act ('yotateme') and 'ozume' (the final act) where a rebel was named in a scene of a castle with golden fusuma doors.
- 『継色紙』(つぎしきし)は、もと粘葉装の冊子本で、多くの場合2ページにわたり、『古今和歌集』・『万葉集』などの歌を、紫、藍、赭、緑などに染めた襖鳥の子物語に1首ずつ書写している。
- The 'Tsugi-shikishi' was originally a booklet bound in the decchoso style and containing poems from works such as the 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), with one poem written across two pages which are made of thick 'tori no ko' paper that is dyed various colors including purple, indigo, brown and green.
- 日本では養老律令の「衣服令」に親王・王 (皇族)・文官の朝服に「衣」とあるものが縫腋袍、武官の朝服に「襖」とあるものが闕腋袍にあたると見られ、闕腋袍は武官や元服前の童子が使用した。
- In Japan, it is considered that 'kinu' in the chofuku for an imperial prince, members of the Imperial Family in the 'Garment Code' of the Yoro ritsuryo code (a code promulgated in the Yoro period) was hoeki no ho, and 'ao' in chofuku for military officers was ketteki no ho (an outer robe for military officers) and worn by military officers or children before genpuku (the coming-of-age celebration).
- このような伝統と巧みな技術開発により、襖紙産地としての名声を高め、太平洋戦争後の復興需要で、生産量が飛躍的に拡大し、機械抄紙機の普及にともなって、現在に至るまで襖紙の主流を占めている。
- Tradition and these developments of skillful techniques improved the reputation of Echizen as a production area of fusuma paper, and its production rapidly expanded by the increased demand due to revival after the Pacific War, and it has been the mainstream of fusuma paper until now in accordance with the prevalence of power-driven shoshi-ki machines.
- 杉障子には絵を描き、壁の代用にも用いていたことは、室礼としての襖障子の延長とも考えられるが、主に縁側と部屋との仕切りや縁上の仕切りにに使用され、また出窓形式の書院の窓にも使用されていた。
- Considering that pictures were executed on Sugi-shoji and it was used as an alternative wall, it can be thought of as a kind of development of Fusuma-shoji of Shitsurai, and it was mainly used for partitions between verandas and rooms or on the veranda as well as a shoin window (study or guest room in Japanese residential architecture) resembling a bay window.
- 室内の間仕切りに襖障子が使用されているが、姫君の座している側にはかならず几帳が置かれ、個性を演出する織物が使用されていて、部屋をさらに細分化して使用するための重要な隔ての役割を演出している。
- While fusuma-shoji were used as partitions between rooms, kicho was inevitably placed and fabrics that provided stage effects to emphasize a woman's personality were used near the lady, and they played an important role to subdivide a room.
- 内部は大きく4室に分かれ、中でも南側の「牡丹の間」の牡丹図と北側の「紅梅の間」の紅梅図の襖絵(ともに狩野山楽筆)は名高い(襖絵のオリジナルは収蔵庫に収められ、現在ここにある襖絵は複製である)。
- The interior is largely divided into 4 rooms and is particularly well-known for the sliding screens of its south 'Peony Room' which are adorned with paintings of peony flowers and those of the north 'Japanese Apricot Room' which are decorated with paintings of Japanese apricot trees with red blossoms (both by Sanraku KANO) (the original sliding screen paintings have been put into storage and the ones currently on display are reproductions).
- 虎拳(とらけん)は、襖をしめて、左右の部屋で、虎・女物・鉄砲のいずれかを身につけて待ち、襖を開くと、虎女(和藤内(=鄭成功)の母)鉄砲(和藤内あるいは加藤清正)虎という三すくみで勝負がつく拳遊び。
- Toraken is a game played in three Japanese rooms divided by closed Fusuma (Japanese sliding door) where people choose to wear or hand a tiger costume, women's clothes (implying Torajo, literally, a tiger woman, the mother of Watonai, another name of Seiko TEI - Zheng Chenggong or musket - implying Watonai or Kiyomasa KATO) and wait until the fusuma is opened, and they run off to decide who wins.
- 「咲き乱れたる山百合の、あの絵襖を見るにつけ、思いぞいずる過来しかた、所も加賀の白山なる、千蛇が池の名産と、世に聞こえたる黒百合の、その花くらべが原となり、北政所の憎しみ受け、はかなく滅びし佐々成政。
- 咲き乱れたる山百合の、あの絵襖を見るにつけ、思いぞいずる過来しかた、所も加賀の白山なる、千蛇が池の名産と、世に聞こえたる黒百合の、その花くらべが原となり、北政所の憎しみ受け、はかなく滅びし佐々成政。'
- そして、名塩特産の泥入り鳥の子であることが大きな特質であり、全国にその名が知れて、特質を活かした泥間似合紙として襖、屏風、衝立などに用いられ、さらには藩札や手形用紙、箔打ち用紙、薬袋紙などさまざまに用いられた。
- Then, it is significant that it is a soil-contained torinoko using soil specially prepared in Najio, and it became famous all over Japan and was used as doromaniai-shi for various goods such as fusuma, screens, folding screens as well as a han-fuda bill (bills usable only in a particular feudal clan), paper to prevent drafts, paper for foil making and paper for making a medicine bag.
- 高野製紙場では、勧業博覧会などにも積極的に出品して、技術改良にも熱心に取り組み、明治40年(1907年)抄紙機で襖紙の製造を開始し、明治42年(1909年)には、二重・三重の漉き掛けをこなす抄紙機も開発している。
- Working on improving technique and by actively entering products in industrial expositions, the manager of Takano paper mill began to produce fusuma paper with a shoshi-ki machine (a paper-making machine) in 1907 and invented a new shoshi-ki machine that was able to make double layered paper.
- また、連続したパノラマ画面を構成する為に、襖から軟錦(ぜいきん)という幅の広い装飾の縁取りの裂地(簾みすや畳にも装飾の縁取りが付けられた)を取り除き、さらに長押の上の小壁も連続した画面として利用するなどの工夫がなされた。
- In addition, in order to show a sequential panoramic painting, he exercised his ingenuity in removing zenkin, fabrics used for a wide hem decor, from fusuma and using a small wall above nageshi as a sequential screen.
- ふすま障子の当初の形態は、板戸に絹布を張り唐絵や大和絵を描いたものであったと考えられるが、建具の軽量化という技術課題のなかで、框に組子を設け両面に綾絹を張り、軽量化と室礼としての装飾の目的を達する襖建具が誕生したと考えられる。
- The first form of Fusuma Shoji can be thought as a wooden panel pasted silk cloth with and drawn Chinese paintings or Yamato-e, and later because of pursuing lightweight doors it was changed to the new form with setting kumiko (strips of the wooden lattice positioned vertically and horizontally to make latticework used in gable pediments or sliding screens) on Kamachi and pasting figured silk on both sides for lightweight and decoration of Shitsurai.
- 歌舞伎の仮名手本忠臣蔵の九段目に、「用心厳しき高師直、障子・襖は皆尻ざし(建具の一種の錠で、框の下に楔を打ち込んだもの)、雨戸に合栓合框(錠の一種)、こじて外れず、大槌にて毀(こわ)たば音して用意せんか、それいかが・・・」とある。
- In the ninth section of Kanatehon, Chushingura (a program of Kabuki - Japanese classical drama titled 'The treasury of Loyal Retainers'), there is a description that says; 'KO no Moronao, known as a prudent person, all shoji and fusuma of the residence had shirizashi (a kind of key for fitting, a wedge knocked in under rail) and amado (shutters) had aisen-aikuro (locked with the meeting edges made with a tongue and groove or with a lap joint), of which locks couldn't be broken open, and tearing them down with sledge hammers would make a sound and there wouldn't be time to say; how was it...'
- 伊藤若冲の障壁画(襖絵)で知られていたが、保存上の問題から承天閣美術館に移管され(下記文化財の項を参照)、現在は加藤東一によって「淡墨桜図」「大杉図」「日輪図」「月輪図」「鵜之図」「臥竜梅図」「千鳥図」「若竹図」等が描かれている。
- It was known for the images painted on its partitions (fusuma) by Jakuchu ITO, but these have since been transferred to the Jotenkaku Museum for preservation (please see the below article on cultural properties) and it now features images by Toichi KATO which include 'A light-ink cherry blossom,' 'Osugi,' 'The sun,' 'The moon,' 'Cormorants,' 'Garyobai plum trees,' 'Plovers' and 'Young bamboo.'
- 古くは舞楽の装束をまね、太夫は鳥兜(とりかぶと)をかぶっていたが、室町時代になると烏帽子(さむらいえぼし)をかぶり、素襖(すおう)に平袴(ひらばかま)姿に、才蔵は大黒頭巾風のものをかぶり、大袋を背負う格好が普通であったようである。
- In ancient times, imitating the costume of 'bugaku' (court dance and music), tayu put on 'torikabuto' (ornamental hat in bugaku), but in the Muromachi period tayu seems to have put on 'samurai-eboshi' (formal headwear for court nobles), 'suo' (ceremonial dress of lower-class samurai) and 'hirabakama' (man's formal divided skirt) and saizo put on something like 'daikokuzukin' (hood like the god of good luck) and normally shouldered a big bag.
- 明治時代に入っての東京の楽水紙の評価が高まるにつれ、長い伝統に誇りを持つ越前でも一枚貼りの大判のふすま紙の開発に関心が高まり、明治18年(1885年)に福井県今立町新在家(現越前市新在家町)の高野製紙場で、手漉襖張大紙を漉くことに成功している。
- During the Meiji period, as the rakusui-shi in Tokyo had been highly estimated, the development of large-size fusuma paper was very popular even in the Echizen region which took pride in the long tradition, and the tesuki-fusumabari-taishi (handmade large paper for fusuma) was invented at the Takano paper mill in Shinzaike, Imadate-cho, Fukui Prefecture (present Shinzaike-cho, Echizen City) in 1885.
- 昭和9年(1934年)頃に発行された越前襖紙の見本帳には、有馬紙。東風紙・すみれ紙・飛雲紙・飛龍紙・七夕紙・野分紙そのほか大正水玉紙・霜降紙・大麗紙・大典紙・金潜紙・銀潜紙・落花紙などの多彩な紙名が見えるが、このなかの主要なものは、岩野平三郎が考案したものである。
- In the sample book of Echizen fusuma paper published around 1934, there are various names of paper such as Taisho mizutama-shi (Taisho waterdrop paper), shimofuri-shi (pepper and salt paper), tairei-shi (paper of a extreme beauty) (大麗紙), taiten-shi (paper of a great ceremony), kinsen-shi (paper with gold in hiding), ginsen-shi (paper with silver in hiding) and rakka-shi (paper of falling cherry-blossom petals) (落花紙) other than arima-shi (fusuma paper including buckwheat chaff), tofu-shi (paper of east wind) (東風紙), sumire-shi (paper of a violet) (すみれ紙), tobikumo-gami (indigo-blue and purple fiber-included paper which looks like flying clouds), hiryu-shi (paper of a flying dragon) (飛龍紙), tanabata-gami (paper of the Star Festival) (七夕紙), nowaki-gami (paper of a storm), and the major papers among these were invented by Heizaburo IWANO.
- 摂関家藤原北家藤原道兼・宇都宮蓮生(宇都宮頼綱)が京都嵯峨野に建築した別荘、小倉山荘の襖色紙の装飾の為に、蓮生より依頼を受けた鎌倉時代の歌人藤原定家が、上代の天智天皇から、鎌倉時代の順徳天皇まで、百人の歌人の優れた和歌を年代順に一首ずつ百首選んだものが小倉百人一首の原型と言われている。
- In the Kamakura period (1185-1333), when a member of Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents) the Northern Branch of the Fujiwara family, FUJIWARA no Michikane and Renjo UTSUNOMIYA (Rensho UTSUNOMIYA or Yoritsuna UTSUNOMIYA) built a villa at Sagano of Kyoto, they commissioned a master of poetry FUJIWARA no Teika (1162-1241) to choose outstanding waka for decorating the shikishi (square piece of fancy papers) of the fusuma (papered sliding doors) of the villa (later it was called Ogura-sanso Villa); Teika selected one hundred tanka, each one by distinguished poets and arranged them in chronological order from Emperor Tenji of the period of Jodai (before Taika no Kaishin of 645 which Tenji conducted when he was still a prince) until Emperor Juntoku of the Kamakura period; that has been said to be the prototype of 'Ogura Hyakunin Isshu.'
- 南北朝時代 (日本)から室町初期に完成した『庭訓往来』には、「城下に招き居えべき輩」として多くの商人、職人の名を列挙しており、襖障子に関係するものとして唐紙師、経師、紙漉き、塗師、金銀細工師などが挙げられており、襖建具が分業化された職人を必要とするほどに、武士階級に相当普及していた事とが知れる。
- In the 'Teikin-orai' (Epistolary for Home Instruction) completed from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) to the Muromachi period, many names of merchants and workmen are described as 'people who should stay in the castle town' including masters of fusuma-shoji such as kami-shi, kyo-ji, paper making, craftsmen of lacquer ware and handiworks, and craftsmen of gold and silver handiworks, which shows that fusuma-shoji was widespread in the samurai class and they required specialized craftsmen.
- 『雍州府志(ようしゅうふし) (擁州とは山城国の別称で山城の地理案内書)』貞享元年(1648年)刊に、京の唐紙師について「いまところとどころこれを製す。しかれども東洞院二条南の岩佐氏の製するは、襖障子を張るのにもっともよし、もっぱらこれを用いる」とあり、『新撰紙鑑(かみかがみ)』には、「京東洞院、平野町あたりに唐紙細工人多し」とある。
- In the 'Yoshufu-shi' (a geographical description of Yamashiro Province) published in 1648, there is a description on kami-shi in Kyoto as 'This is now made in a number of places. However, the one made by the Iwasa clan of Nijo-minami, Higashinotoin is best for papering fusuma sliding doors, and is exclusively used,' and in the 'Shinsen Kamikagami' (Newly edited Kamikagami) there is a description as 'a number of karakami craftsmen living in Higashinotoin and Hirano town, Kyoto.'