継: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 皇位継承問題
- The issue of succession to the Imperial throne
- 皇位継承法説
- Imperial succession code theory
- 譲位継承法説
- The code of imperial succession by abdication theory
- 天皇の皇位継承
- Succession to the Imperial Throne of the Emperor
- 剣璽等承継の儀
- The Ceremony of succession of the Sacred Sword, Jewel and other treasures.
- 皇位継承権論争
- Disputes over the right of succession to the Imperial Throne.
- 南郷継正の理論
- The theory of budo by Tsugumasa NANGO:
- 継体天皇の長子。
- He was the eldest child of Emperor Keitai.
- (氷上川継の乱)
- (HIKAMI no Kawatsugu's War)
- KBS京都と中継
- Relay to Kyoto Broadcasting System
- 継体天皇の第二子。
- He was the second son of Emperor Keitai.
- オーストリア継承戦争
- War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
- 男系の継続に関する疑い
- Uncertainty regarding the continuity of male-line
- 継裃(つぎ-がみしも)
- Tsugi-gamishimo
- 同母弟に氷上川継がいる。
- His maternal half-brother was HIKAMI no Kawatsugu.
- 兄弟継承はここに始まる。
- Here began succession of the throne between brothers.
- 皇室典範 第一章 皇位継承
- Imperial House Act, Chapter 1, Succession to the Imperial Throne
- 譲位継承法説 - 倉住靖彦
- The code of imperial succession by abdication theory - by Yasuhiko KURAZUMI
- 遺跡は長男和佐貞恒が継いだ。
- His oldest son Sadatsune WASA inherited his property.
- 継体天皇に譲位されて即位する。
- He ascended the throne after being handed it over from Emperor Keitai.
- 二十六代継体、丁未(527年)
- 26th Emperor Keitai, Hinoto-Hitsuji (527)
- 嫡系皇位継承法説 - 井上光貞
- The legitimate child imperial succession code theory - by Mitsusada INOUE
- 直系・嫡系皇位継承法説への批判
- Criticism against the direct line imperial succession code theory and the legitimate child imperial succession code theory
- 父宮の遺志を継いで、陸軍に進む。
- He started his career in the army following his father's will.
- 同時に国璽と御璽の承継も行われる。
- At the same time, the succession of the seal of state and the Imperial Seal are celebrated as well.
- 一条内基養子となり、一条家を継ぐ。
- He was adopted by Uchimoto ICHIJO and succeeded to the Ichijo family.
- これを剣道が引き継いだものである。
- From this the term 'tsubazeriai' came to be used in kendo.
- 名は真義、義継、義上、義達、義元。
- Their names were Shingi, Gitsugu, Gijo, Gitatsu and Gigen. (真義,義継,義上,義達,義元)
- 甲賀流の継承者で甲賀流忍術14世。
- He was a successor of Koga school and the fourteenth headmaster of Koga school ninjutsu.
- 埼玉県越谷市(福山市に継ぐ生産量)
- Koshigaya City, Saitama Prefecture (second only to Fukuyama City in production volume)
- 幼少時の御称号は継宮(つぐのみや)。
- His childhood title was Prince Tsugu-no-miya.
- 父の長命のため、跡を継げないまま没。
- He died before his long-lived father, and did not succeed to become Joeki.
- 二の句を継げない(にのくをつげない)
- Ninoku-wo-tsugenai (to be dumbstruck)
- 当時夫となる家継もわずか6歳であった。
- Ietsugu, the future husband to be, was only six years old at that time.
- 弘治元年(1555年) 青蓮院を継ぐ。
- He succeeded to Shoren-in Temple. (1555)
- 川継は逃亡するが大和国で捕らえられた。
- Kawatsugu ran away but he was arrested in Yamato Province.
- 今では保存会などが復興・継承している。
- They have been restored and succeeded in some preservation societies in recent years.
- (詳細は皇位継承問題 (平成)を参照)。
- (For details, refer to the problem of succession to the Imperial Throne [Heisei].)
- 親王・王の班位は、皇位継承の順序に従う。
- Imperial ranks of Imperial Princes and Princes followed the order of succession to the Imperial Throne.
- - 神戸らんぷ亭、牛どん販売継続を発表。
- Kobelamptei announced to continue gyudon sales.
- 菊麿王は親王の後を継ぎ山階宮第2代となる。
- Prince Kikumaro took over as Imperial Prince to become the second generation Yamashinanomiya family.
- 母は正四位下木工頭伊勢老人の娘・伊勢継子。
- His mother was ISE no Tsugiko, who was the daughter of ISE no Okina who was awarded the rank of Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) and held the office of moku no kami (chief of Bureau of Carpentry).
- 小笠原流の免許ユガケ『紫二本継指』が有名。
- The yugake 'Murasaki nihon tsugiyubi' which Ogasawara School licensed is famous.
- 各地の山車からくりに受け継がれたとされる。
- This play is said to have descended to dashi karakuri in some local communities.
- しかし、忠利は家臣の竹原惟成に継承させた。
- However, Tadatoshi handed it down to his vassal, Koreshige TAKEHARA.
- 優れた後継者も得て観世座は安泰かに見えた。
- Kanzeza troupe looked stable having acquired the excellent successors.
- 一条兼香の養子となり、故鷹司基輝の跡を継ぐ。
- He was adopted by Kaneka ICHIJO and succeeded to Mototeru TAKATSUKASA.
- 皇位継承法説 - 1950年代以降の最有力説
- Code of imperial succession theory - the most dominant theory since the 1950's.
- この3尺8寸の寸法は明治以降も受け継がれた。
- The tradition of using shinai of 3 jaku 8 sun was maintained after the Edo period.
- 多くは器楽曲で宮廷音楽として継承されている。
- Most consist of instrumental music that has been inherited as court music.
- 塗師の家はその後中村宗哲家へと引き継がれた。
- The lacquer-ware shop was carried on by the Setetsu NAKAMURA family.
- このとき皇位を承継したのは、後嵯峨天皇である。
- It was Emperor Gosaga who succeeded the throne at this time.
- 中継ぎとしての女帝の存在が江戸期にも見られる。
- There were some examples of female Emperors that temporarily succeeded to the throne in the Edo period.
- 同年4月父智仁親王の薨去により宮家を継承する。
- In April of the same year, he took over Miyake (house of an imperial prince) due to the death of his father, Imperial Prince Toshihito.
- 母藤原乙牟漏(藤原良継の娘)は桓武天皇の皇后。
- His mother, FUJIWARA no Otomuro (the daughter of FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu) was the empress of Emperor Kammu.
- 母は贈太政大臣藤原総継(ふさつぐ)の娘、澤子。
- His mother was Takushi, the daughter of Grand Minister (posthumous title) FUJIWARA no Fusatsugu.
- 特に、世襲を原則とした地位の継承について言う。
- In particular, it is succession of the position by heredity.
- それは周代の儀礼を受け継いだものとも言われる。
- It is said to have come down from the ritual in the Zhou Dynasty.
- 熊本県に熊本系の宗家が存在し、継承されている。
- In Kumamoto Prefecture, a group with an existing originator is handing down its doctrines.
- そのために指導者・後継者の育成が必須であった。
- Therefore, the development of instructors and successors was a must.
- 現在は芳春院の住職が家元として継承されている。
- Currently, the chief priest of Hoshun-in Temple, as Grand Master, teaches the Oguchi-ha.
- 事実上、邦英王は、宮家の継承者であったといえる。
- He was virtually a successor of Miyake (house of an imperial prince).
- 古代から世襲により受け継がれた日本の君主である。
- They are the monarchs of Japan inherited from ancient times.
- 以上、宮家から入って皇統を継いだ天皇は3例ある。
- There are three examples how members of the Miyake succeeded into the Imperial throne.
- これは、まさに王権を受け継ぐための試練であった。
- This was really a hardship he had to go through before inheriting the sovereignty.
- 自身を中継ぎとすることで直系に復する構図である。
- This is the scheme employed to recover the direct line succession, by putting himself as a transit emperor.
- 曲芸的な要素の一部は、後に歌舞伎に引き継がれた。
- Some of the stunt elements were later inherited by kabuki (traditional performing art).
- そのため、それ以降は継承者が少なくなっていった。
- Therefore, after then, the number of persons inheriting the technique diminished gradually.
- 鮮魚が豊富な現代でもこの食文化は継承されている。
- This dietary habit has been inherited up to the present when people can obtain fresh fish easily.
- 一澤帆布時代の伝統を受け継ぐ、無地帆布の帆布袋。
- A Hanpu bag made with plain sailcloth, continuing the tradition from the time of Ichizawa Hanpu.
- 異母兄の恒世親王の死後、淳和天皇の後継者とされた。
- He became a successor of Emperor Junna after the death of a half brother, Imperial Prince Tsuneyo.
- 生母は参議五辻忠継の娘、典侍五辻忠子(談天門院)。
- Her real mother was the daughter of Sangi (councillor) Tadatsugu ITSUTSUJI, Naishi no suke (a court lady of the first rank) Tadako ITSUTSUJI (Dantenmonin).
- 技法や稽古法等は大東流合気柔術をほぼ継承している。
- The techniques and training methods used have generally been inherited from Daito-ryu Aiki Jujutsu.
- 京都でも今現在は1軒しか無いが後継者問題は免れた。
- Although there is only one maker in Kyoto at present, the successor issue has been solved.
- 貞愛親王の跡を継いだのが、25代伏見宮博恭王である。
- The twenty fifth Fushimi no Miya Prince Hiroyasu took over from Imperial Prince Sadanaru.
- この事例は、臣下の協議による皇位継承の先例となった。
- This became an example of Imperial succession decided in a conference.
- 妙法院に入り1325年(正中2年)妙法院門跡を継承。
- He entered the Myoho-in Temple and succeeded to the Priest prince of Myoho-in Temple in 1325.
- 清棲伯爵家は真田幸民伯爵第3子の清棲幸保が承継する。
- Count Yukimo SANADA's third son, Yukiyasu KIYOSU succeeded Count Kiyosu's family.
- 皇族男子は皇位継承資格を有する(皇室典範1,2条)。
- Male members of the Imperial family are qualified to succeed the Imperial Throne (Articles 1 and 2 of the Imperial House Act).
- 幽斎の後は細川家で細川忠興、 細川忠利と継承された。
- After Yusai, his successors Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, then Tadatoshi HOSOKAWA of the Hosokawa family inherited the ancient practices.
- 当時の様式は、現在でも冷泉家において継承されている。
- Even at present, the Reizei family has inherited the patterns from those days.
- 叔父の近衛信尹養子となり、母の生家である近衛家を継ぐ。
- He was adopted by Nobutada KONOE and succeeded to his mother's house, the Konoe family.
- 四方拝などは近世以前から歴代の天皇に引き継がれている。
- Rituals such as Shihohai (a Shinto ceremony held on New Year's Day, in which the Emperor pays respect to the deities in all quarters) had been carried on by past emperors since before the early modern age.
- 石川県金沢市の津田水引折型が、加賀水引を継承している。
- The technology to produce Kaga-Mizuhiki has been inherited by Tsuda-Mizuhiki-Origata produced in Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture.
- 第二十四条 皇位の継承があつたときは、即位の礼を行う。
- Article 24. When imperial throne is succeeded, the Sokui-no-rei (ceremony of the enthronement) shall be held.
- 現在、100曲ほどが宮内庁式部職楽部に継承されている。
- Presently, about 100 numbers are inherited in the Gakubu section, Shikibu-shoku Department, of the Imperial Household Agency.
- これは女性が当主として宮家を継承した大変珍しい例である。
- This was a very exceptional example of a woman being succeeded to Miyake (house of an imperial prince).
- 淑子内親王薨去をもって、桂宮家は継嗣不在のため断絶する。
- After Imperial Princess Sumiko died, the Katsuranomiya family discontinued since there was no one to succeed to the family.
- 中でも群書類従本は著名で、昭和天皇まで書き継がれている。
- In particular, manuscripts included in the Gunsho ruiju (A Classified Collection of the Japanese Classics) are famous and describe until Emperor Showa.
- なお、近江令の中に皇位継承規定があったとは考えられない。
- Moreover, it is difficult to think that Omi-Ryo contained the provision on the imperial succession.
- 八橋検校の弟子たちによって八橋流は継承、発展していった。
- The music of the Yatsuhashi school was passed down to later generations by the pupils of Kengyo YATSUHASHI and continued to develop.
- このような入浴の際の習慣は、江戸時代にも継承されていた。
- Such a manner of taking a bath as above was handed down to the Edo period.
- 植治の流れは甥の岩城亘太郎ほか、各地に受け継がれていく。
- Ueji's techniques were taken over by his nephew Kotaro IWAKI and other local gardeners in Japan.
- 半切紙は書簡用紙であり、これを継ぎ足したのが巻紙である。
- Hankiri-gami is a letter paper and rolled letter paper is made by splicing sheets of this paper together.
- 日置流は後に吉田氏に受け継がれたので吉田流とも呼ばれる。
- Later the Heki school was succeeded by the Yoshida clan so, it is also called Yoshida school.
- 一如の末裔が継承する流派は現在『容真流』を名乗っている。
- The school succeeded by the descendant of Ichinyo is called the 'Yoshin-ryu' school.
- 財団法人南観音山保存会が主体となって継承・運営している。
- It has been preserved and operated mainly by the foundation Minamikannon yama Hozonkai.
- なお武烈天皇と継体天皇の続柄上の関係は、「続柄」にあたる。
- Emperor Buretsu is related to Emperor Keitai.
- 藤原種継暗殺に早良親王が関与していたかどうかは不明である。
- It is unclear whether Imperial Prince Sawara was involved in the assassination of FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu.
- 以後、壺切は東宮のシンボルとして現代まで代々受け継がれた。
- Thereafter, the sword Tsubokiri has been handed down to the present day for generations as a symbol of the Crown Prince.
- 柄杓の柄を胴に差し首を継ぎ、敷絹で死骸を包み、棺に納める。
- The handle of the water ladle is then inserted into the neck and the severed head reattached before the laid-out silk is used to wrap the body which is placed inside a coffin.
- この原材料と製法は基本的に今の灰持酒にも受け継がれている。
- The modern akumochizake basically continues the tradition using the same ingredients and method of brewing.
- 結局、長男が還俗して9代半古斎として家元を継ぐことになる。
- After all, the eldest son of Kokosai, who had been a Zen priest, returned to secular life to succeed the Matsuo family as the nineth head Hankosai.
- これにより、熾仁親王の薨去後は威仁親王が有栖川宮家を継いだ。
- Due to this, after Imperial Prince Taruhito died, Imperial Prince Takehito succeeded to the Arisunogawa no Miya family.
- 称号の「継宮」、名前の「明仁」は、昭和天皇による命名である。
- The Emperor Showa gave to his first prince both his childhood title 'Tsugu-no-miya' and his title 'Akihito.'
- 中継ぎとして即位した妹・元明天皇を激励する歌が万葉集にある。
- The poem written by Minabe no Himemiko to encourage her younger sister, Empress Genmei, who ascended the throne as a relay successor, is contained in Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves).
- 王位継承の第一順位については、王太子、または単に太子という。
- The Japanese word used to refer to the prince that is next in line to a royal throne in other countries, however, is 'Otaishi' or just 'Taishi'.
- これにより蘇我氏と物部氏による皇位継承を巡る争いに発展する。
- His death developed the conflict between the Soga clan and the Mononobe clan over the imperial succession.
- 以降、天台声明の中枢をなし、現在の天台声明に継承されている。
- Since then, it became the center of Tendai Shomyo, and it has been inherited by the present Tendai Shomyo.
- そして神の乗り物として神輿が継承され現在のような形になった。
- The mikoshi as a vehicle of god was subsequently handed down through generations and it has settled into the shape of the present mikoshi.
- 元は当初、金の継承を標榜しており南宋は意識されていなかった。
- Yuan originally called for succeeding Chin, and the Southern Song Dynasty was unrealized.
- しかし、のちには継裃といって必ずしも共布にかぎらなくなった。
- However, later on, joint kamishimo was not necessarily limited to the same fabric.
- 甲賀流の伴家忍之伝の継承者で甲賀流伴党21代目を称している。
- He claims he is a successor of Banke Shinobi no Den (a type of ninjutsu) of Koga school and the twenty-first headmaster of Koga school.
- これを元に男系が継続した万世一系とは言えないという主張である。
- Based on these theories, it is advocated that the imperial line is not an unbroken line of male-line.
- 1848年(弘化5年)仁和寺御室を継ぎ、仁孝天皇の猶子となる。
- He succeeded to the chief priest of Ninna-ji Temple and was adopted by Emperor Ninko in 1848.
- 白河上皇猶子となるが、後に皇位継承から除外されて臣籍降下する。
- He was adopted by the Retired Emperor Shirakawa, however he was removed from the position of Imperial successor and demoted from nobility to subject.
- 継体天皇と手白香皇女(たしらかのひめみこ)との間の息子である。
- Emperor Kinmei is the son of Empror Keitai and Pincess Tashiraka.
- だが785年、造長岡宮使 藤原種継暗殺事件に連座して廃された。
- However, in 785, he was uncrowned because he was alleged to have been implicated in the assassination of Zonagaokagushi (the administrator in charge of building the new capital called Nagaoka-kyo) FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu.
- 1924年(大正13年)に断絶し、華頂侯爵家が祭祀を承継した。
- In 1924 his family line ended, and Saishi (religious service) was taken over by the family of Marquis Kacho.
- 直系皇位継承法説 - 岩橋小弥太、北山茂夫、直木孝次郎、篠川賢
- The direct line imperial succession code theory - by Koyata IWASAKI, Shigeo KITAYAMA, Kojiro NAOKI, and Ken SHINOKAWA.
- 正中 (元号)2年(1325年)には門跡を継承し、門主となる。
- In 1325, he succeeded Monzeki and became a chief priest.
- - 神戸らんぷ亭、オージー・ビーフへきりかえて牛丼の販売継続。
- Kobelamptei continued gyudon sales by switching to Australian beef
- 以後吉沢検校らに受け継がれて、次第にこの傾向が発展していった。
- It was then passed on to Kengyo Yoshizawa, and the development gradually took on this trend.
- それでも職名には「とじ」の音だけが受け継がれたとする説である。
- This opinion insists that only the sound 'toji' was inherited in the job's name after all.
- 炭を継ぎ足したり、熾っている火を調整したりするときに使用する。
- It is used to add some charcoal to a fire or to control a fire.
- このため、近い将来に皇位継承者が存在しなくなることが予想された。
- Because of this, it was presumed that there will be no one to succeed to the throne in the near future.
- 近年の皇位継承問題から“最後の女帝”として俄かに注目されている。
- Recently, she received special attention among the public as 'the last female Emperor' because of the current day problem of Imperial Succession.
- 天皇の皇位継承は、大日本帝国憲法及び日本国憲法で明文規定された。
- The Imperial succession to Emperor was regulated in the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and the Constitution of Japan.
- 臣籍降下し東伏見伯爵家を創設する(東伏見宮家の祭祀を承継する)。
- He was demoted from nobility to subject and established the Count Higashifushimi family. (He succeeded the ritual of the Higashifushiminomiya family.)
- また、水野祐・白崎昭一郎は継体の没年については平子説に同意する。
- Also, Yu MIZUNO and Shoichiro SHIRASAKI agreed on Hirako's theory about the year that Emperor Keitai passed away.
- また、その後の皇位継承でも直系・嫡系が堅く守られたわけではない。
- Even after that, the direct line and the legitimate child principles had not been strictly followed.
- 此の各地の格子の幅のまちまちの伝統は、今日でも受け継がれている。
- These traditional coffer width varying by districts have been handed down up to the present.
- 鳥羽院が治天を継承し廷臣を統率、後ろ盾を持たぬ幼帝崇徳は孤立した。
- After the Toba in succeeded to take over the Cloistered government and control his aides, the young Emperor Sutoku was alone without having any political support.
- 当時の後継者選びの基準が上宮王家一族を悲劇へと追い込んだのである。
- The system of successor selection at that time led to the demise of the Jogu imperial family.
- このように、隠居には後継者を作るという点で、様々なメリットがある。
- Like these examples, inkyo has many merits from the view point of building up a successor.
- 光格以後は、すべて直系男子により皇位継承が行われて現在に至っている。
- After the era of Emperor Kokaku, the Imperial throne was succeeded by a male Imperial member of the direct line which has continued to the present.
- このとき皇位継承した明正天皇は称徳天皇以来859年ぶりの女帝である。
- The Empress Meisho who succeeded to the throne on this occasion, was the first female Emperor after Empress Shotoku, first time in 859 years.
- 天皇の皇位継承は、大日本帝国憲法及び日本国憲法で明文規定されていた。
- The succession to the Imperial Throne of the Emperor was provided for in the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and in the Constitution of Japan.
- 明治5年(1871年)に閑院宮家を継いだ載仁親王は、フランスへ留学。
- In 1871 Imperial Prince Kotohito, who succeeded to Kan in no Miya, went to France to study.
- 聖武天皇は、皇位継承すべき男子を残せず、女性の孝謙天皇が後を継いだ。
- Emperor Shomu did not have a male successor to succeed to the throne, thus female Emperor, Empress Koken succeeded to the throne.
- 林屋辰三郎も大筋では喜田説に同意するが、継体は暗殺されたと主張した。
- While Tatsusaburo HAYASHIYA (scholar of Japanese history) mostly agreed with Kida's theory, Hayashiya also advocated that Emperor Keitai was assassinated.
- 父は藤原式家の藤原良継、母は内侍司兼尚蔵(就任時期不明)阿倍古美奈。
- Her father was FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu of the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan and her mother was ABE no Komina, a Naishi no tsukasa (female palace attendants) doubling as Kuranokami (director of Zoshi [public office concerned about clothes of Emperor and Empress]) (the time of accession unknown).
- こう考えると、代々のどの継承時に言及されても自然なものと理解できる。
- If standing on this assumption, it seems natural that the code has been cited by each emperor/empress upon his/her enthronement.
- 仮託説は、直系・嫡系皇位継承法説以外の説と結びつけられることもある。
- The pretext theory is sometimes associated with other theories than the direct line imperial succession code theory and the legitimate child imperial succession code theory.
- 大宝令、養老律令に皇位継承に関する規定はなく、唐の令にも規定がない。
- Not in Taiho Code nor in Yoro Code, there are no provisions related to imperial succession, and in any codes of the Tang Period no such provision existed.
- 1387年(嘉慶 (日本)元年・元中4年)相模国遊行寺12世を継ぐ。
- 1387: He succeeded to become the 12th chief priest of Yugyo-ji Temple in Sagami Province.
- 父の後小松上皇により、病弱で子のいなかった称光天皇の後継者とされる。
- He was made the successor of Emperor Shoko, who was sickly and didn't have any children, by his father, the Retired Emperor Gokomatsu.
- その道の達人が後継者や師弟、門人の修行のよすがとして書き残したもの。
- The treatises were compiled for posterity by masters of their respective arts as study tools for the benefit of successors, instructors and students.
- 宗旦の死後、今日庵を四男の千宗室が受け継いで独立し、裏千家となった。
- After Sotan died, his fourth son Soshitsu SEN took over Konnici-an and left home to start Ura-senke.
- 第4回京都学生祭典より開始、第5回京都学生祭典でも継続で実施された。
- Collaborating with businesses was first introduced in the fourth Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa, and again in the fifth Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa.
- ただし、欣子内親王の子である親王・内親王は夭折し皇位を継いではいない。
- However, the Imperial Prince and Princess of Imperial Princess Yoshiko died early in life, and did not ascend to the imperial throne.
- 相次ぐ後継者の死に、祖父醍醐天皇や周囲は菅原道真の祟りと恐れたという。
- Facing a spate of heir's deaths, their grandfather, Emperor Daigo and others were afraid of SUGAWARA no Michizane's curse.
- ところが四条天皇が12歳で急死したため、皇位継承の問題が持ち上がった。
- But after Emperor Shijo died suddenly, when he was just twelve years old, it raised the issue of Imperial succession.
- これに先立って後陽成は秀吉の勧めで第1皇子の覚深法親王を跡継ぎとした。
- Emperor Goyozei appointed his first Prince, Cloistered Imperial Prince Kakushin to succeeded the throne based upon Hideyoshi's advice that led up to the incident.
- 宮家は後西天皇の第2皇子有栖川宮幸仁親王が継承し有栖川宮と改称された。
- Miyake was succeeded by Emperor Gosai's second Prince, Arisugawanomiya Imperial Prince Yukihito and named Arisugawanomiya.
- ここに傍系の継体天皇と、直系の手白香皇女両名の血を引く天皇が誕生した。
- It was the moment Emperor Kinmei succeeded the enthronment to Imperial family, as being the son of Emperor Keitai (a collateral descendant) and Princess Tashiraka (direct descendant).
- なお、継体以降の天皇系譜については、記紀の記録もある程度は信用できる。
- Meanwhile, Kiki's imperial genealogy after Keitai is credible to some extent.
- 造りは三層黒塗り継檀の上に八角形の屋根をおき、鳳凰・鏡等の装飾がある。
- Above a three-layered blackening throne, there is an octagon roof with ornaments of phoenixes, mirrors, etc.
- また、テレビ開局以来初の大規模イベントとなり、各放送局が実況中継した。
- Moreover, as the Crown Prince's departure was regarded as the first and the largest-scale event since broadcasting service was started, each broadcasting station broadcasted the departure.
- このため後嵯峨は以後の皇位継承に際しても幕府の内諾を得てから決定した。
- Accordingly, Gosaga also decided the following heir to the imperial throne with the approval of the Kamakura bakufu.
- このため後嵯峨崩御後、治天の君の継承と、皇室荘園領の相続問題が起こる。
- This resulted in disputes about the succession of chiten no kimi and the private estate owned by the Imperial family after the demise of Gosaga.
- 皇后、草壁皇子らに皇位継承争いを起こさないよう誓わせる(吉野の盟約)。
- He made the people like the Empress and the Prince Kusakabe swear not to fight each other over the right of succession to the imperial throne (Yoshino Pact).
- 武田流合気之術を受け継ぐとする、武田流中村派合気道、日本伝無限流合気道
- Takeda school Nakamura group aikido and Nihonden Mugen school aikido, which are said to be successors of Takeda school Aiki no jutsu.
- 杜氏の数は年々減少しており、各杜氏集団は後継者不足に悩むようになった。
- The number of toji has been decreasing year by year, and each toji group has begun to suffer from a shortage of successors.
- 重政の嫡子重高には義賢から返伝がなされ、家伝は再び吉田氏で継承された。
- The manual of secret techniques was returned to Shigemasa's only son Shigetaka by Yoshikata, so the family manual was again being handed down in the Yoshida clan.
- 後継者がいないため年々人数が減少し、現在でも衰退の一途をたどっている。
- Since there are no new geigi, the number of geigi has been on the decline and is continuing to decrease today.
- その献上の際には老中の三判証文をもって継立て江戸まで2昼夜で送致した。
- When presented, ayu were sent with three seals bond of roju (an administrator) to Edo for two days and nights.
- 現在、一如の末裔が継承する流派と、矢田寺大門坊を家元とする流派がある。
- Today, there are 2 branch schools: one is the school succeeded by a descendant of Ichinyo, and another is a school where Iemoto (the head family of a school) is Yatadera daimonbo.
- ただし以前のように、嫡子が姉ー弟の場合は弟の継承権が先のままの所もある。
- However, in some countries, if the children for succession are an elder sister and a younger brother, the right to succeed the throne is granted to the brother.
- また、この時には2つの点で継体天皇の先例が強く意識されていたようである。
- It seemed like the example of Emperor Keitai was strongly considered in two issues at this time.
- 天智天皇は、第一皇子・大友皇子に皇位を継がせたかったと日本書紀は伝える。
- According to 'Chronicles of Japan (Nihon Shoki),' the Emperor Tenchi (Tenji) wanted the first prince, Otomo no Miko, to be his successor.
- マスコミ関連では、1925年から開始されたラジオ放送で中継が実施された。
- In the mass media relevance, the ceremony was covered live on radio broadcasting, which started in 1925.
- その上で近江令が皇位継承規定を含まなかったと推測し、近江令説を否定した。
- And based on this, he denied the Omi-Ryo theory, supposing that Omi-Ryo did not include the provisions on imperial succession.
- それから1960年代末までは、皇位継承法説を修正・補強する研究が続いた。
- Since then until the end of the 1960's, the imperial succession code theory underwent various corrections and additions.
- ならば不改常典は統治に関する法なのであって、皇位継承に関する法ではない。
- Therefore, Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten is not a law related to the succession to the Imperial Throne, but it must be a law related to the governance.
- 吾が大君ものな思ほし皇神の 継ぎて賜へる我なけなくに 万葉集 巻1-77
- The Empress, I serve you, you have nothing to worry about, because next to you, I was sent to you by Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) and I am always with you; Manyoshu, Vo.1-77
- 桓武天皇の第13皇女で、母は宮人の従四位下藤原河子(神祇伯藤原大継女)。
- She was the thirteenth princess of Emperor Kanmu, and her mother was Kyujin (court lady), Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade), FUJIWARA no Kawako (daughter of Jingi haku - a chief official in charge of matters relating to Shintoism), FUJIWARA no Otsugu).
- またこの頃から新嘗祭と大嘗祭の区別などがされ、現在にまで継承されている。
- The Daijo-sai festival (a festival to celebrate the succession of an emperor) was separated from the Niiname-sai festival (ceremonial offering by the Emperor of newly-harvested rice to the deities) around this time and still is today.
- 家元(いえもと)とは、日本の芸道などを家伝として承継している家系のこと。
- Iemoto is a term used to refer to the family line which succeeds a school traditional Japanese art.
- 豊後節の艶麗な部分を引継いで情緒纏綿たる世界をつくりあげてゆくのである。
- While it inherited the erotic nature of Bungo-bushi, it also created a world filled with an elegant sensibility.
- 前述のとおり、狩野家の宗家は、探幽の弟・安信の中橋家が継ぐことになった。
- As stated previously, the head family of Kano was succeeded by the Nakabashi Family of Yasunobu, a brother of Tanyu.
- 志野宗信(生没年未詳)を発端とし、4代目から現在の蜂谷家に引き継がれる。
- The Shino-ryu school was started by Soshin SHINO (date of birth and death not certain), and succeeded by the present-day Hachiya family, the fourth head family of the school.
- 土佐派などの流派に受け継がれ、近代・現代の日本画にも影響を及ぼしている。
- It had been succeeded by Tosa school, and so on and affected Japanese-style painting in recent and modern times.
- 現在は三代目になるが、屋号を引き継いだだけで、初代とは直接の関係はない。
- Although it is in its third generation now, the present owner only took over the store name and has nothing to do with the founder.
- 今後の議論が待たれる(詳細は別項「皇位継承問題 (平成)」を参照のこと)。
- There is further discussion excepted in the future. (Please refer to the chapter on 'the issue of the Imperial succession' - Heisei)
- 仁明天皇第四皇子で、母は贈皇太后藤原沢子(贈太政大臣正一位藤原総継の娘)。
- He was Emperor Ninmyo's fourth Prince, and his mother was Empress Dowager, posthumously conferred, FUJIWARA no Takushi (Sawako) (the Grand Minister, posthumously conferred, Shoichii (Senior First Rank), FUJIWARA no Fusatsugu's daughter).
- 掌典長により宮中三殿で、剣璽等承継の儀が執り行われていた頃に執り行われた。
- There was a ceremony organized by the Chief Ritualist to pass the Sword and Jewel to the Three Shrines in the Imperial Court.
- 古代の皇位継承において、最大の争いとなったのは、672年の壬申の乱である。
- The biggest dispute, in terms of the Imperial succession in ancient times, was the Jinshin War in 672.
- ただし、この記録が事実とすると、継体が大和にいたのは最後の5年のみである。
- But if this record is true, Keitai lived in Yamato only the last 5 years before his death.
- 平安時代に皇位の継承である践祚と即位が別の儀式として行われるようになった。
- In the Heian period, accession to the throne and enthronement started to be held as separate ceremonies.
- 歴代天皇が、その皇位とともに継承してきた三種の神器に近いものと考えられる。
- The sword is believed to be close to the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family which have been succeeded by past emperors along with the Imperial Throne.
- 舒明天皇の後、継嗣となる皇子が定まらなかったので、皇極天皇として即位した。
- After Emperor Jomei, because they could not decide on which prince should inherit the throne, she was enthroned as Empress Kogyoku.
- 平城天皇の皇女で、母は宮人の贈従三位伊勢継子(正四位下木工寮伊勢老人女)。
- She was a princess of Emperor Heizei, and her mother was a court lady, zo jusanmi (Junior Third Rank, posthumously conferred), ISE no Tsugiko (daughter of Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) Mokuryo (Bureau of Carpentry) ISE no Okina).
- しかし江戸時代以降に伝わった地域の萬歳は、大体継承過程を明らかにしている。
- However, in the region where the manzai was introduced after the Edo period, the process of tradition is mostly elucidated.
- 当初は期間限定の予定だったが好評だったこともあってそのまま継続販売となる。
- It had planned limited time sales but continued sales, partly because the price was favorably accepted.
- この傾向は後輩にも受け継がれ、幾山検校や吉沢検校なども同様に作品を残した。
- This trend was passed down to his juniors, and similar works were created by Kengyo Ikuyama and Kengyo Yoshizawa.
- 践祚し皇位を継承するには『三種の神器』を先帝から受け継ぐことが要求される。
- Imperial succession requires for a new emperor to inherit the three sacred imperial treasures from the previous emperor.
- 3代宗旦の三男である千宗左は、宗旦の隠居に伴い継嗣として不審菴を継承した。
- Sotan's third son SEN no Sosa inherited Fushin-an as the heir when Sotan retired.
- 三千家御用達の棚や香合、炉縁などを製作する指物師が代々継承する名跡である。
- It is a professional name of headship passed down through a family of joiners who have made shelves, incense containers and hearth frames for the three Houses of Sen.
- 一方、現行の皇室典範の規定では、男系の男子しか皇位を継承することができない。
- However, according to current Imperial Family Law, only male successors can succeed to the Imperial throne.
- 天保13年(1842年)父宮邦家親王の隠居に伴い、7歳で伏見宮家を継承する。
- Upon retirement of his father Imperial Prince Kuniie in 1842, he inherited the Fushiminomiya family at the age of seven.
- しかし、これには称光が激しく反発したため、貞成は出家して皇位継承を断念した。
- However, Emperor Shoko was strongly opposed to the arrangement, and Sadafusa became a priest and gave up on the plan of succeeding to the throne.
- また、前任者の意思によらずにその地位についた場合の継承は、譲位とは言わない。
- If a person succeeds the position without the intension of a predecessor, it is not called an abdication of the throne, either.
- このため、恒世王が平城・嵯峨に次ぐ皇位継承権を持つと考えられるようになった。
- Accordingly, Prince Tsuneyo came to be considered as the heir to imperial throne next to Heizei and Saga.
- 役者絵では歌川国貞が師匠歌川豊国の流れを受け継いで、力強い役者絵を手がけた。
- In the category of Yakushae, Kunisada UTAGAWA, as the successor to his teacher Toyokuni UTAGAWA, drew strong Yakushae.
- 八橋検校の直接の伝承はその後も長く受け継がれ、現在でも細々と伝えられている。
- The direct flow of the Yatsuhashi school style from teacher to pupil continued over time, and continues as a trickle to this day.
- 今日では雇用保険や労務管理、後継者の育成なども、その重要な仕事となっている。
- It has some other important tasks such as the provision of unemployment insurance, the personnel management, and the development of successors.
- なお、この準則は、平成の皇位継承問題の議論のなかで一時脚光を浴びたことがある。
- This regulation was the subject most talked about during discussions of Imperial succession during the Heisei period.
- 現行の皇室典範第1条には、「皇位は、皇統に属する男系の男子が、これを継承する。
- According to Clause 1 of the current Imperial House Act, it is said 'the male Imperial member of the Imperial Family in the male lineage should succeed to the throne.'
- 桂宮盛仁親王の兄である仁孝天皇の皇子・桂宮節仁親王が継ぐが夭折して空主となる。
- After Katsuranomiya Imperial Prince Takehito's older brother, Emperor Ninko's Prince, Katsuranomiya Imperial Prince Misahito succeeded the family, but he died young, and then there was no one at the head of the family.
- 武光誠は、継体以前の大王は複数の有力豪族から出たとしている(以下の文献参照)。
- Makoto TAKEMITSU claims that great kings before Keitai were chosen from several powerful local ruling families (Refer to the following literature).
- 近年では、継体以前には大王の地位は特定の血縁に固定されなかったとする説も強い。
- Recently, another prevailing opinion says that the position of great king had not been occupied by a specific blood relationship before Keitai.
- 連(おおむらじ)と大臣(おおおみ)は、物部守屋と蘇我馬子がそのまま引き継いだ。
- The positions of Omuraji (a kabane [hereditary title] that was given to the most powerful administrative ruler in ancient Japan) and O-omi (a highest officer in national politics of the Yamato dynasty) were continuously occupied by MONONOBE no Moriya and SOGA no Umako, respectively.
- これは娘の手白香皇女も、傍系出身の継体天皇の皇后となった事で繰り返されている。
- This tactics was used again when his daughter Tashiraka no himemiko married Emperor Keitai who was in a collateral line.
- 敦明親王は皇位継承権を失い、小一条院の尊号を受け、太上天皇に次ぐ扱いを受ける。
- Imperial Prince Atsuakira who lost the right of succession to the Imperial Throne received the honorary title, Koichijoin, and was treated next to the Daijo-Tenno (the retired emperor).
- 上述の直系皇位継承法説の欠点のうち、第一と第三の点を繕うものとして唱えられた。
- This theory is advocated to cover up the above mentioned first and third imperfections of the direct line succession code theory.
- 「上宮記」逸文によれば、その5世孫の振媛命は彦主人王に嫁ぎ、継体天皇を生んだ。
- According to the itsubun (unknown or lost writings) of 'Joguki' (Record of the Crown Prince), his fifth generation granddaughter, Furihime no mikoto got married with Hikoushio, and had a son, who later became Emperor Keitai.
- 天智天皇の晩年には、皇位継承をめぐって夫・大海人皇子と父・天智天皇の仲が悪化。
- In the later years of the Emperor Tenchi, disputes over the succession to the Imperial Throne estranged her husband Oama no Miko from her father the Emperor Tenchi.
- 1956年 滋賀日日新聞の経営に参加(1979年に同紙休刊後、滋賀本社に継承)
- 1956: Joined the operation of Shiga Nichinichi shimbun (and after its closing down in 1979, made it into the Shiga Headquarters).
- 2000年に「武道正風会」が「養正館合気道」を受け継ぐとして養正館から独立。)
- In 2000, the 'Budo Seifukai Federation' separated from Yoseikan in order to take over 'Yoseikan aikido.')
- 維新後に活動を停止し、その装束・伝書などは武田流弓馬道(鎌倉)に引き継がれた。
- However, they ceased the activity after the restoration, and Takeda-ryu Kyubado (Kamakura) took over their costumes, books and so on.
- 菊岡の開拓した芸術は後輩にあたる光崎検校らに更に受け継がれ発展することとなる。
- The art pioneered by KIKUOKA was passed down to his junior fellow kengyo MITSUZAKI and he developed furthermore.
- 重高以後は子孫の助左衛門家で継承され、重賢ら代々の受領名から出雲派と呼ばれた。
- After Yoshikata, it was succeeded to descendants of the Sukezaemon family, from the generations of juryomei (acceptance name) after Shigekata, it was called the Izumo school.
- 愛知県に尾州竹林派の星野系・岡部系などが、熊本県に肥後竹林派が継承されている。
- In Aichi Prefecture, there are schools such as Hoshino group of Bishu-Chikurin group, and Okabe group, and in Kumamoto Prefecture, Higo-Chikurin school is being succeeded.
- 天台宗・真言宗以外の仏教宗派にも、各宗独自の声明があり、現在も継承されている。
- Buddhist sects other than the Tendai-shu and Shingon-shu sects also have their own Shomyo, each of which has been handed down to the present day.
- 道頓堀や新歌舞伎座で散発的に歌舞伎の興行が行われるのだが、継続しないのである。
- Kabuki was performed sporadically in Dotonbori or Shinkabuki-za but did not last.
- 北宋ははじめ唐を継承することを目指しており、儒学においても注疏の学が行われた。
- Baisong initially aimed at succeeding Tang, and in Ju-kyo, annotation and interpretation learning was practiced.
- 次男・吉右衛門清定は仕官せず、母方の家業を継いで商人となり京にて表具屋となる。
- His second son Kichiemon Kiyosada did not enter government service, and succeeded the family business on his mother's side, becoming a merchant and a scroll mounter in Kyo.
- 9代・吉兵衛はこの困難な時代に名跡を継ぎ、奥村家の建て直しに成功、現在に至る。
- The ninth Kichibe succeeded the family during a period of hardship, but managed to reconstruct the Okumura family, which continues to this day.
- 一澤帆布加工所が、一澤帆布工業から店舗と工場を賃借する形で製造を継続していた。
- Ichizawa Hanpu kakosho Ltd. continued manufacturing by renting a store and factory from Ichizawa Hanpu Co., Ltd.
- 同十一年(1274年)亡き上皇の意向を継いで亀山天皇から譲位を受けて8歳で即位。
- Following the Retired Emperor's will who passed away, he succeeded to the throne in 1274 when he was eight years old after Emperor Kameyama passed the throne to him
- 明治維新後は、邦家親王の跡を継いだ24代伏見宮貞愛親王は、元帥、陸軍大将に累進。
- After the Meiji Restoration, the twenty fourth Fushimi no Miya Imperial Prince Sadanaru took over from Imperial Prince Kuniie, he became a general of the army.
- この碑文には、大秀の研究による応神天皇から継体天皇までの系図が彫り込まれている。
- Inscribed on this monument is the genealogy from Emperor Ojin to Emperor Keitai, based on Ohide's study.
- 『古事記』、『日本書紀』によると継体天皇は応神天皇5世の孫であり、父は彦主人王。
- According to 'Kojiki' and 'Nihonshoki', Emperor Keitai was the fifth generation descendant of Emperor Ojin and his father was Hikoushio.
- また、即位の礼の後に五穀豊穣を感謝し、その継続を祈る一代一度の大嘗祭が行われる。
- Moreover, after the Sokui no rei, once-in-a-lifetime Daijosai (first ceremonial offering of rice by newly-enthroned Emperor) is held to appreciate abundant crop and to pray for a continuous good harvest.
- 氷上 川継(ひかみ の かわつぐ、生没年不詳)は奈良時代から平安時代初期の皇族。
- HIKAMI no Kawatsugu (year of birth and death unknown) was a member of the Imperial Family between the Nara period and the early Heian period.
- 親王・王が皇位継承の順序を変えられたときは、その班位は、順序変更前と同じとする。
- In the event that there was a change in the order of succession for the Imperial Princes and Princes, their Imperial ranks remained the same.
- 音としては刀自(とじ)を継ぎ、杜康の字をそれに宛てるようになったとする説である。
- This theory says the term's sound came from '刀自' (toji) and the characters 杜康 were assigned to the term afterward.
- 14代一閑は後継者となるべく育てた2人の息子を太平洋戦争の徴兵による戦死で失う。
- The 14th Ikkan lost two sons whom he brought up to be his successors by drafted and killed in the Pacific War.
- 今後は日本において截金の技術をどのように継承発展させていくかが大きな課題である。
- Hereafter, how to inherit and develop the kirikane technique in Japan is a big problem.
- 古くから、日本人は、野山を草地として継続的に利用するために、野焼きを行ってきた。
- Noyaki has been traditionally conducted by Japanese people for the purpose of continued use of hills and fields as grassland.
- 技統を継がせる一番弟子だけにかろうじて語られる門外不出、一子相伝の代物であった。
- It was a technique which was taught only to the first disciple who succeeded him and never allowed to be taken out of the house, or the one handed down from father to his son.
- こうした国際色豊かな酒の交流は、江戸時代初期の朱印船貿易へと引き継がれていった。
- Those exchanges of sake among various countries continued to the trading by shogunate-licensed trading ship in the beginning of the Edo period.
- 2008年5月現在、独立採算店だった一部の店のみが営業を継続している状態である。
- As of May 2008, only a few financially independent stores remain open.
- 親王には継嗣となる王子が無かったため、山階宮晃親王の王子山階宮菊麿王を養子とした。
- Because the Imperial Prince did not have a prince to succeed him, he adopted Prince Yamashinanomiya Kikumaro, a prince of Imperial Prince Yamashinanomiya Akira.
- その後、陸軍大学校兵学教官などを経て、終戦時は陸軍少将として、戦争継続を主張した。
- After that he taught military science at the Military Staff College and after World War II, as a Major General, he insisted on continuing the war.
- その皇室典範には「皇位は、皇統に屬(属)する男系の男子が、これを繼承(継承)する。
- Under Imperial Family Law, the 'Imperial Throne should be succeeded (succession) by male members of the Imperial family.
- And in that Imperial House Act, it states that the 'Imperial Throne is succeeded to a male in the male line of the Imperial lineage'
- 20歳で海軍少尉の時に臣籍降下し華頂侯爵家を創設する(華頂宮家の祭祀を承継する)。
- He demoted from nobility to subject when he was 20 years old while he was Rear Admiral and established the Marquis Kacho family. (He succeeded the ritual of the Kachomiya family.)
- 物部守屋がそのまま連(おおむらじ)を引き継ぎ、蘇我馬子が大臣(おおおみ)になった。
- MONONOBE no Moriya directly took over Omuraji, and SOGA no Umako became Omi.
- これは「神武天皇以来、一貫して男系で継承されてきた血筋」と言い換えることができる。
- This can also be paraphrased as 'the blood line which has consistently succeeded as the male line since Emperor Jimmu.'
- 父は閑院宮直仁親王第4王子で、鷹司基輝の養子となり藤原姓鷹司家を継承した鷹司輔平。
- His father was Sukehira TAKATSUKASA, who was the 4th son of Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Naohito, and was later adopted by Mototeru TAKATSUKASA and took over the Takatsukasa family of Fujiwara cognomen.
- 円助法親王と亀山上皇の策動を疑い、鎌倉幕府に対して自分の子への皇位継承を要望した。
- He suspected contrivance between the Retired Emperor Kameyama and the Priestly Imperial Prince Enjo, and so requested the Kamakura Bakufu to give the imperial succession to his own children.
- この説によれば、不改常典はその頃まで一般的だった兄弟継承を否定するために作られた。
- According this theory, Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten was elaborated in order to reject the succession of the throne from the elder brother to his little brother, which was a form of succession frequently practiced until around that time.
- 皇太子・皇太孫が皇位継承の順序を変えられたときは、その班位は、皇太孫妃の次とする。
- In the event that there was a change in the order of succession for the Crown Prince and the Son of the Crown Prince, their Imperial ranks fell behind that of the Consort of the Son of the new Crown Prince.
- 日本では出来上がった着物は母から娘へと引き継がれていく一種の財産とみなされていた。
- In Japan, a finished kimono was regarded as a kind of property taken over from a mother to a daughter.
- - 神戸らんぷ亭はオージー・ビーフに切り替え、価格改定をおこない、牛丼販売を継続。
- Kobelamptei continued gyudon sales by switching to Australian beef and revising the price.
- 絵師は挿絵画家や日本画家に転じ、浮世絵の伝統は他のジャンルへと受け継がれていった。
- Eshi painters changed careers and became illustrators and Japanese-style painters, and the tradition of Ukiyoe came down to other genres.
- 宗左は千家の直系を継いだわけであるが、宗旦は屋敷の裏に今日庵を建てて隠居所とした。
- Sosa consequently took over the stem family of Senke and Sotan built Konnichi-an as his retirement retreat.
- 洛学の後継者を自認する朱熹は心の修養を重視して緻密な理論に基づく方法論を確立した。
- Chu His, who acknowledged himself as a successor of Luo learning, valued training of the mind, and developed a methodology based on a precise theory.
- 有楽斎の茶は次男織田頼長、4男織田長政 (大名)、5男織田尚長などに受け継がれた。
- Urakusai's cha (tea) was passed on to his second son Yorinaga ODA, his fourth son Nagamasa ODA (Daimyo), his fifth son Naonaga ODA, and so on.
- これは、後世の先例となって江戸幕府に至るまで、皇位継承には幕府の承認が必要とされた。
- This example was followed until the period of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), the bakufu needed to approve the Imperial succession to the throne.
- 皇統は男系によりつながれてきており、女系により次代へ継承された例はないことがわかる。
- The Imperial line was continued by the male Imperial members, there was no example of succession to the throne being passed on by an Empress.
- これによって明治36年に小松宮彰仁親王が薨じて断絶していた小松宮家の祭祀を承継する。
- Due to above, the Komatsu no Miya family ritual was succeeded, which was ceased to exist after Komatsu no Miya Imperial Prince Akihito died in 1903.
- 62歳で即位と言うのは継体天皇(第26代)以降では現在の今上天皇を含め最高齢である。
- His enthronement at the age of 65 is the oldest since Emperor Keitai (the 26th) including the present Emperor.
- 称徳天皇は皇位継承者であったことから生涯独身を余儀なくされ、子をなすこともなかった。
- Emperor Shotoku was forced to remain single her entire life and never had children because she was a successor of the imperial throne.
- かくして継体天皇と手白香皇女の皇子である欽明天皇の血筋が、長く現在まで続く事になる。
- This is how the bloodline of Emperor Kinmei, the Prince of Emperor Keitai and Princess Tashiraka, continues to this day.
- ミッチー・ブームがまだ冷めやらぬ成婚翌年のお世継ぎ誕生は、国民から盛大に祝福された。
- The nation celebrated the birth of an heir on a large scale, because the new prince was born in the following year of the marriage, amid unrelenting Mitchy boom.
- 天武天皇が自らの死後に壬申の乱のような皇位継承争いが起こることを恐れたためとされる。
- Emperor Tenmu is considered to have made the above arrangements for fear that a succession struggle like the Jinshin War would occur after his death.
- このため、文武天皇の母親である元明天皇(天智天皇皇女)が中継ぎの天皇として即位した。
- Therefore, the Empress Genmei (Princess of the Emperor Tenchi), who was mother of the Emperor Monmu, ascended the throne as an interim emperor.
- 昭憲皇太后の後継者として、蚕糸・絹業を奨励し、自身も養蚕(皇后御親蚕)に取り組んだ。
- As successor to the Empress Dowager Shoken, the Empress Teimei promoted silk yarn threads and the silk industry; she herself, engaged in the production of sericulture (Kogo's Goshinsan [Empress's sericulture]).
- 皇族男子は皇位継承資格を、親王妃と王妃を除いた成年に達した皇族は摂政就任資格をもつ。
- Male members of the Imperial family were qualified to succeed the Imperial Throne, and excepting consorts of Imperial Princes and Princes, all members of the Imperial family that had reached the age of majority were qualified to assume the role of Sessho (regent).
- 大伴親王はこの事態を憂慮して臣籍降下を申し出て自己と恒世の皇位継承からの離脱を図る。
- Imperial Prince Otomo became concerned about the circumstances and offered demotion from nobility to subject, attempting to withdraw from being the heir to the imperial throne for himself and Tsuneyo.
- 京都放送の夕方の番組京都新聞きらり夕刊で夕刊の解説をKBS京都と中継をむすんでいる。
- Kyoto Shimbun relays the commentary on the contents of its evening editions to 'Kyoto Shimbun Kirari Yukan,' an evening program of the Kyoto Broadcasting System.
- 明治時代になっても、浮世絵では幕末からの様式を引き継ぐ美人画がしばらく刷られていた。
- Even after the Meiji period, people still printed bijinga in ukiyoe with the style which was taken over from the end of Edo period.
- 三条西実隆を流祖とし、三条西家などの堂上公家によって継承されたが、後に地下に流れる。
- The Oie-ryu school was founded by Sanetaka SANJONISHI, and was succeeded to the high court noble Toshokuge (who was allowed to enter the Imperial Palace) as the Sanjonishi family, etc., but, was then later succeeded by officials called Jige (who were not allowed to enter the Imperial Palace).
- また、革命などによって君主制が廃止されない限りは、自動的に継承者に譲り渡す事になる。
- Also, unless the monarchy is abolished, for example by a revolution, the position is automatically passed on to the successor.
- 彼は自らを周公から孔子への学統を継ぐものと自認し、六経の続編という「続経」を作った。
- He acknowledged himself as a successor of a strain of learning from the Duke of Zhou to Koshi, and created 'The Next Classic' a continuation of the Rikkei.
- 父同様に学問好きな性格の持ち主で、その遺志を継いで公家の学問所である学習院を創立した。
- He took after his father and loved to study, he took father's will and established the court nobles learning center, Gakushuin.
- 中世当時、夫を亡くした妻がその家督を継ぐという後家家督慣行が、武士の間に広く見られた。
- In the middle ages, the custom that a widow takes over the Household after the head passed away was widely seen.
- 明子女王はその年の5月14日 (旧暦)に八条宮長仁親王(後、八条宮を継承する)を生む。
- Princess Akiko gave birth to Hachijonomiya Imperial Prince Osahito (later, took over the Hachijonomiya family) on May 14 of the same year.
- 古墳時代の5世紀にも王位継承をめぐる数々の紛争の発生が、日本書紀の記載から読みとれる。
- In five centuries during the Kofun period, there were many disputes due to Imperial succession according to the record of Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan).
- 庶兄の宣化天皇、安閑天皇もまた継体天皇と同じく手白香皇女の姉妹を皇后に迎え入れている。
- Older brothers of Emperor Kinmei by a concubine, Emperor Senka and Emperor Ankan, also chose the sisters of Princess Tashiraka as their Empress.
- 次代の継体天皇以降は実在が確実視されていることから、実在が疑われる最新の天皇でもある。
- The existence of all the emperors after Emperor Keitai, the next Emperor to Emperor Buretsu, is considered to be certain; therefore, Emperor Buretsu is the latest Emperor whose existence is doubted.
- やがて称徳天皇が死ぬと永手ら藤原氏は他戸王の父である白壁王を皇位継承者として擁立する。
- After Emperor Shotoku died, FUJIWARA no Nagate and other members of the Fujiwara clan supported Shirakabe no okimi, father of Osabe no okimi, as the successor to the Imperial Throne.
- 伊藤博文は、皇位継承における万世不変の原則として、万世一系を以下のように定義している。
- The following is Hirobumi ITO's definition of the unbroken Imperial line as the unbroken rules of Imperial succession.
- 義家の死後、家督を継いだ源義忠が源義光の策謀で暗殺されると河内源氏の勢力は弱体化する。
- After Yoshiie's death, MINAMOTO no Yoshitada, who succeeded the reign of the family, was assassinated by machinations of MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu, which led to the weakening of the power of Kawachi-Genji.
- 当時の天皇家では近親婚が一般的で、皇位継承者には母にも皇女であることが求められていた。
- At that time, in the Emperor's family. consanguineous marriage was commonly practiced and to be the heir to the Imperial Throne, his/her mother also was requested to be an imperial princess.
- また継承者が「危険な古流の技術はもう必要ない世の中になった」とし指導を辞める例もある。
- And some successors stop teaching the koryu jujutsu, saying the world does not need its dangerous techniques any more.
- この本はその後、明治40年までの約10年間に20余版を重ね、大正末期まで読み継がれた。
- Later, this book was reprinted more than 20 times in about 10 years until 1907, and it was read continuously until the end of the Taisho period.
- しかし多くの萬歳は第二次大戦後に衰退し、大和萬歳については継承が無く途絶えてしまった。
- However, many of these different manzai declined after World War II and Yamato-manzai discontinued because of no succession.
- このういろうは中原中也もよく食べていたが、太平洋戦争で後継者をなくし、廃業してしまう。
- This Uiro was favored by Chuya NAKAHARA, but closed down due to the death of their successor in the Pacific War.
- 海軍では土曜の昼食はカレーライスと決まっていて、この慣習は海上自衛隊にも引き継がれた。
- Saturday lunches of Imperial Japanese Navy had been fixed on curry and rice, a tradition passed on to the Maritime Self-Defense Force.
- 後継者育成という目的から、服装や参加の仕方をできる限り大人と同じにしている地区もある。
- In some regions, the clothing and participation of children are regulated in the same way as those of adults as much as possible in order to train children as successors.
- 日本髪に欠かせない「櫛」「簪」「笄」の三点セットのうち、笄は櫛に継ぐ由来の古さを誇る。
- Japanese traditional hairstyles cannot do without the 'Kushi' (comb), the 'Kanzashi' (ornate hairpin accessory) and the 'Kogai' (hairpin) and, amongst these three items, the Kogai hairpin proudly follows on from the historical origins of the comb.
- このように、池を掘り海の風景を表そうとしたことは、以後の日本庭園にも長く受け継がれる。
- In this way, representing the sea by digging a pond was adopted by Nihon teien of the coming age.
- 上述の経緯で、吉田氏の家伝は主君六角義賢が継承していたが、重高は義賢から返伝を受けた。
- As for the above-mentioned details, the family secret manual of the Yoshida clan was handed down to master Yoshikata ROKKAKU, but Yoshikata returned it to Shigetaka.
- 急ごしらえで作られた曲であったが大反響を呼び、以後童謡として現在まで歌い継がれている。
- Although it was a quickly made song, it was a big hit in public relations and later it has been sung as a nursery rhyme to date.
- 初期の伝承系譜によって大きくいくつかの派に分けられるほか、地域ごとに継承の伝統がある。
- It is largely divided into a number of groups as a result of its teachings being passed on to successive generations of the family during its early days; furthermore, each region has its own tradition of succession.
- 道統とは小笠原の弓・馬・礼の三法の総取り仕切り役の正統継承を意味し、「宗家」にあたる。
- This formal handing down of the position of the person in charge of the three arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy of Ogasawara-ryu school is known as Doto, equivalent to 'Soke'
- 日本の皇位継承を概観すると、歴史上、女帝は幾人かいたが、いずれも中継としての存在である。
- In general view of Japanese Imperial succession, there have been some Empresses, however, they all succeeded to the throne temporarily.
- 実兄の慈道法親王(1282年-1342年)の後を受けて青蓮院門跡を継ぎ、十楽院に住した。
- He took over Shoren-in Monzeki (head priest of Shoren-in temple) from his blood brother, Cloistered Imperial Prince Jido (1282 - 1342), and resided in Juraku-in.
- 死に先立ち居所を禅院(現在の京都嵐山臨川寺)とし、昭慶門院から継承された所領を寄進した。
- Before his death, his domicile was at a Zen temple (present-day Rinsen-ji Temple in Arashiyama, Kyoto City), and he donated his territory inherited from Shokeimonin.
- 皇室典範第1条では「皇位は、皇統に属する男系の男子が、これを継承する。」と記されている。
- In Clause 1 of Imperial Family Law, it says 'The Imperial Throne should be succeeded by a male member of the Imperial family.'
- 21歳で海軍少尉候補生の時に臣籍降下し小松侯爵家を創設する(小松宮家の祭祀を承継する)。
- When he was twenty one years old, while he was a Rear Admiral candidate student, he was demoted from nobility to subject and he established the family of Marquis Komatsu. (He succeeded the ritual of the Komatsunomiya family.)
- 継体天皇の嫡子で、母は手白香皇女(たしらかのひめみこ。仁賢天皇の皇女、雄略天皇の孫娘)。
- Emperor Kinmei is the legitimate child between Emperor Keitai and Princess Tashiraka no Himemiko (an princess of Emperor Ninken, a granddaughter of Emperor Yuryaku).
- つまり、継体を含め祖先の異なる複数の豪族があり、祖先が誰かは分からないという意味である。
- That means that there existed several local ruling families with different ancestors, including the one which Keitai came from, instead of one identifiable imperial ancestor.
- 即位の礼(そくいのれい)は、天皇が践祚(せんそ)の後、皇位を継承したことを公示する儀式。
- Sokui no rei is a ceremony that notifies publicly that the Emperor succeeded the Imperial Throne after the accession.
- 恒和の子竹田恒泰(1975年生)は旧皇族の立場から皇位継承問題に関する発言を行っている。
- Tsuneyasu TAKEDA (born in 1975), a son of Tsunekazu, is expressing his opinion on the succession to the Imperial Throne from the standpoint of a former Imperial family.
- 神武天皇が創始した王朝は、「神の代」の祖先たちの系譜を引き継いでいるとも信じられていた。
- It was also believed that the Imperial family tree, which started from Emperor Jimnu, actually succeeded the family tree from Japanese gods.
- 1955年には直木孝次郎が論文「天智天皇と皇位継承法」で元明天皇による仮託説を提唱した。
- In 1955, Kojiro NAOKI advocated the pretext theory by Empress Genmei in his article 'Emperor Tenchi and the Imperial Succession theory.'
- 茶壺の行列の様子は、現代でも童歌のずいずいずっころばしに良く表現されて歌い継がれている。
- Even today, the scenes of the chatsubo procession are clearly expressed in an old children's song called 'zuizui zukkorobashi.'
- こうした普及・組織化の活動は15代鵬雲斎汎叟にも引き継がれ、特に海外普及に力を注がれた。
- Such activities for dissemination and systemization were continued by Hoso HOUNSAI, the fifteenth head of the Urasenke school, who has applied his efforts, in particular, to promotion abroad.
- なお、香淳皇后の弟の東伏見慈洽(もと邦英王、元伯爵東伏見邦英)が同家の祭祀を継承している)
- Empress Kojun's younger brother, Jigo HIGASHIFUSHIMI (the former Prince Kunihide, the former Count Kunihide HIGASHIFUSHIMI) succeeded the ritual of the family)
- 父・花園上皇の御所であった「萩原殿」を継承したことから萩原宮(はぎわらみや)の通称がある。
- He was also called Hagiwara no miya as he succeeded `Hagiwaradono' (Hagiwara palace) which was the palace of his father, the Retired Emperor Hanazono.
- しかし祭祀は、大正天皇の第三子により継承され、宮号は、その際、ふたたび高松宮と改められた。
- However, the event was handed down by the third child of Emperor Taisho and the name of the court noble was changed to Takamatsu no miya.
- 天禄元年(970年)に実頼が薨去すると、天皇の外舅藤原伊尹(これまさ)が摂政を引き継いだ。
- After Saneyori died in 970, the Emperor's father-in-law, FUJIWARA no Koremasa, took over the position of regent.
- 古墳時代から飛鳥時代にかけて(6世紀中期~7世紀後期)も、皇位継承の紛争がたびたび生じた。
- During the Kofun and Asuka periods, (middle of sixth century to later seventh century) disputes often took place due to the issue of the Imperial succession.
- 1950年(昭和25年)5月21日に鷹司家継嗣の鷹司平通と婚姻するのに伴い皇籍を離脱する。
- She renounced her membership from the Imperial Family on May 21, 1950, when she married Toshimichi TAKATSUKASA, who was the successor of the Takatsukasa family.
- 直系・嫡系の皇位継承法説は奈良時代の詔を説明するには都合が良いが、多くの批判にさらされた。
- The direct line imperial succession code theory and the legitimate child imperial succession code theory are useful to explain the imperial edicts in the Nara period, however these theories had faced with many criticisms.
- 朝廷では、皇位を継ぐべき皇子や、継承資格を有する皇子に大兄とつけて「大兄皇子」と敬称した。
- In the Imperial Court, the crown prince who succeeds the throne or who is entitled to succeed it is called 'Oenomiko'.
- 以降、散楽という言葉に集約される雑芸群は、民間に広まった様々な職業芸能に引き継がれていく。
- Since then, various arts collectively called Sangaku were taken over by various professional arts that spread in the society.
- これは実際には師の北島がすでに密かに行なっていたのを生田が受け継ぎ、公にしたとも言われる。
- Another theory says that actually IKUTA just made public the sokyoku which the master KITAJIMA had already reformed secretly.
- 2001年の時点でペンキ絵の絵師は関東で5名を残すのみとなり後継者の存続が危ぶまれている。
- As of 2001, only five paint artists existed in Kanto, so the continued existence of successors is threatened.
- 11代一閑は10代の意思を引き継ぎ、またその技術は「名人」とまで言われ、中興の人とされる。
- The 11th Ikkan took over the 10th Ikkan's intention, and achieved mastery of the craft and his skills was called 'master' and said to be the reviver.
- 子孫は津藩主の藤堂氏に仕え(扶持600石)、代々六左衛門を称し唯授一人の相伝を受け継いだ。
- His descendants served the Todo clan (chief of the Tsu Domain) (his salary was 600 Koku of rice); from generation to generation, they claimed to be Rokuzaemon and handed down their techniques through only one student (Yuiju Ichinin, to succeed everything that the master knows about the art to only one excellent disciple).
- 家督を家督相続人に承継させる制度が家督相続であって、隠居は家督相続の開始原因の一つである。
- Inkyo was one of the causes for succession of the reigns of the family to a successor.
- また、道統を継いだ小笠原経長は徳川家康と拝謁し、その子孫は歴代徳川将軍に仕え、宗家を継承。
- Tsunenaga OGASAWARA, who had inherited the Doto, met Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and his descendants served the Tokugawa Shogunate, passing down the position of Soke.
- 正徳4年9月29日(1714年11月6日)、生後1ヵ月で時の江戸幕府将軍徳川家継と婚約する。
- On November 6, 1714, she became engaged when she was one month old to Shogun Ietsugu TOKUGAWA of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 文永9年(1272年)2月に後嵯峨法皇が崩御し、治天の君の継承と、皇室荘園領の問題が起こる。
- In February 1272 after the Cloistered Emperor Gosaga died, there were issues as to who would succeed the Chiten no Kimi and concerning the private estate owned by the Imperial Family.
- 守脩親王には、子がなかったため、山階宮家から山階宮菊麿王が入り、明治14年に宮家を継承した。
- Since Imperial Prince Moriosa did not have any children, Yamashina no Miya Prince Kikumaro came into the family from the Yamashina no Miya family and succeeded to the Miyake in 1881.
- 光仁は天武系断絶を教訓として息子の桓武天皇を後継とし、その弟の早良親王を桓武の皇太弟とした。
- After learning about the experience of the discontinuity in Emperor Tenmu's Imperial line, Emperor Konin appointed his son, Emperor Kanmu as his successor, Kanmu's younger brother, Imperial Prince Sawara was chosen as the second successor of the Crown Prince.
- 記紀の記述を尊重して、継体天皇を大王家の「遠い傍系に連なる有力王族」とする旧来の説があった。
- The traditional theory respected the descriptions in Kiki and believed that the Emperor Keitai came from 'a powerful royal family in a distant collateral line' of the great king's family.
- 陰陽師の台頭と共にその思想が風俗となって日本独自のものに変化し、現代にまで受け継がれている。
- Along with Onmyoji (Master of Yin yang) gaining power, their thoughts which became a mode of life were transformed to Japan-specific thoughts, and have been passed down to the modern age.
- 漢代に暦法は改訂さたが、依然として冬至は意識され続け、その日に祭天の儀は引き継がれ催された。
- The calendar was revised in the Han Dynasty, but the winter solstice continued to be remembered, and the ceremony of Saiten continued to be held.
- 明治以降になっても建築様式として引継がれ、伝統的な様式を採用する芝居小屋には櫓が設置される。
- This style was taken over as an architectural style beginning with the Meiji period, and theaters which adopt a traditional style still have a yagura.
- しかし農家の後継者不足や果樹消費の多角化等、日本のミカン栽培は今なお様々な問題を抱えている。
- However, mikan cultivation in Japan has had many problems to date such as difficulty of finding successors of farms, diversification of fruit consumption and so on.
- 妙法院の執事高屋堯忠の子孫が代々その茶湯を受け継いでおり、石州庵ないし大内派と称されている。
- Takatada TAKAYA, the steward of Myoho-in Temple, and his descendents handed down the tea ceremony, which is called the Sekishuan or Ouchi-ha branch.
- 動閑は弟子の馬場道斎(1662年~1737年)を改姓させ3世清水道竿として茶道頭を継がせた。
- Dokan gave his student, Dosai BABA (1662 - 1737), the name Dokan SHIMIZU the third and had him take over as master of the tea ceremony.
- 江戸時代には徳川氏に世継ぎが誕生した際に朝廷から祝い品の一つとして送られるのが慣例となった。
- In the Edo period, it became a customary practice for the imperial court to send it as one of the congratulatory gifts for the Tokugawa clan when a heir was born into the clan.
- 小笠原流は「弓・馬・礼」の三法をもって小笠原流とするが、その正統な継承権を有する家元のこと。
- The Ogasawara-ryu consists of the three arts of 'archery, horsemanship and courtesy', which are officially handed down by the Iemoto (head of the school).
- 千家の本家である堺千家(さかいせんけ)は千利休の実子である千道安が継いだが、早期に断絶した。
- Sakaisenke: The head family of Senke, was inherited by the biological son of SEN no Rikyu, but broke off early.
- ところがその話が称光に伝わると激怒して貞成親王を強引に出家させて皇位継承権を剥奪してしまった。
- After Emperor Suko learned of the above arrangement, he was furious and had Imperial Prince Sadafusa forcefully enter into the priesthood, the Prince had his right to succeed to the throne taken away.
- 翌嘉応元年(1169年)覚性入道親王が没したのち、その跡を継いで仁和寺御室(門跡)に就任した。
- In the next year in 1169, he succeeded Ninna-ji omuro (the head priest of Ninna-ji Temple) (monseki) after the death of priest-Imperial Prince Kakusho.
- そして結局、皇位は1611年に良仁親王の弟の政仁親王(後水尾天皇)が継ぐこととなったのである。
- In the end in 1661, the imperial throne was transferred to Imperial Prince Kotohito (Emperor Gomizunoo) who was a younger brother of Imperial Prince Nagahito.
- 宮中三殿賢所(けんしょ・かしこどころ)に御神体として奉られている神器、八咫鏡の承継儀式である。
- This is a ceremony to pass the sacred treasures, Yata no kagami (the sacred mirror) which is enshrined as God at Kensho, Kashikodokoro (one of the palaces in the Three Shrines in the Imperial Court).
- 『日本書紀』に「男女無くして継嗣絶ゆべし」、『古事記』にも「日続知らすべき王無かりき」とある。
- 'There was no man or woman, no heir to succeed' ('Nihonshoki') and also 'There was no ruler (child of the emperor) to succeed' ('Kojiki').
- 欽明天皇は現在の天皇家の直系の祖であり、少なくとも女系で継承されているのは間違いないとされる。
- Emperor Kinmei is the direct ancestor of the present Imperial family and, at least, he definitely inherited the imperial bloodline from the maternal side.
- 憲仁親王は既に薨去しており、男子の後継者がいないため、妃の憲仁親王妃久子が宮家の当主を務める。
- Its current head is Kikuko, Princess Norihito as Prince Norihito has passed away without leaving a male heir.
- 壺切御剣(つぼきりのみつるぎ)とは、日本において代々の皇太子(東宮)に受け継がれた宝剣である。
- Tsubokiri no Mitsurugi is hoken (treasured sword) which has been handed down to the successive Crown Princes in Japan.
- 太上天皇(だいじょうてんのう、だじょうてんのう)とは、皇位を後継者に譲った天皇に送られる尊号。
- Daijo Tenno (the Retired Emperor) is an honorary title awarded to an Emperor who handed over the Imperial Throne to his successor.
- 天平8年(736年)弟の佐為王と共に母・橘三千代の姓氏である橘宿禰を継ぐことを願い許可される。
- In 736, he and his younger brother Sai no Okimi asked to succeed TACHIBANA no Sukune (sukune refers to the third highest of the eight hereditary titles), which was the surname of their mother TACHIBANA no Michiyo, and permitted.
- 父・観阿弥から観世座を受け継いだ世阿弥は、ライバルであった田楽、近江猿楽などの芸を取り入れた。
- Zeami, who had succeeded Kanzeza troupe from his father, took the art of dengaku and Omi sarugaku, his rivals, into his sarugaku.
- さらに陸羽132号を通じて、ササニシキ・コシヒカリなど多くの品種にその系統が受け継がれている。
- Furthermore, its genealogy was inherited to many descendant varities including Sasanishiki and Koshihikari through Riku-u No.132.
- 女性が留袖に実家の家紋を用いる例が多くみられるが、女紋を継承している場合は女紋で留袖をつくる。
- While many women use their parents' family's Kamon on Tomesode (formal, usually black, kimono with designs along the bottom of the skirt worn by married women on ceremonial occasions), the women who succeed Onnamon use it on Tomesode.
- 幕末動乱期の中、51歳で後継者を失い、明治維新によって大得意先の将軍家の消滅という悲劇に遭う。
- During the time of upheavals or the last days of the Tokugwa Shogunate, he lost his successor at the age of fifty-one and due to the Meiji Restoration he suffered greatly at the hands of the Shogun family's collapse, which was a valued patron.
- 明治天皇の時に退位禁止と養子禁止と直系男子への皇位継承優先について定めた旧皇室典範が制定された。
- During Emperor Meiji's era, a former Imperial Family Law was issued which included the prohibition of abdication, prohibition of adoption, and a priority for a male, direct Imperial member's, succession to the throne.
- 」とあり、皇室典範第一章に皇位継承順位及び即位について、第四章に即位の礼について規定されている。
- There is a description in the first chapter of the Imperial Family Law of the order of Imperial succession and the accession to the throne, in the fourth chapter it discusses the enthronement ceremony.
- 皇位継承の儀式については、登極令(明治42年皇室令第1号)の廃止に伴い法律上の規定が存在しない。
- In terms of the ceremony for Imperial succession, there are no Lawful regulations, after the abolishment of the Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne. (No.1 of Imperial Family Regulation in Meiji 42)
- この間、他の皇族が皇位を狙ったがその都度謀叛と見なされ、適当な皇位継承者は不在となってしまった。
- During this time, other Imperial members attempted to succeed to the throne, however it was considered as a coup each time, as there was no appropriate successor to succeed to the throne.
- 728年(神亀5年)皇太子に立てられた基王が夭折したため後継を争って長屋王が起こるなど紛糾した。
- Since Motoio who had been selected as Crown Prince died young in 728, a race for successor began and the Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao) occurred.
- もし不改常典が直系・嫡系継承法なら、この法は即位の数日前や後に破られたことになり、矛盾をきたす。
- If Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten is a direct line imperial succession code or a legitimate child imperial succession code, it conflicts with the facts because the code was broken only a few days before or after the enthronement.
- 南朝 (日本)を正統とする現在では、隠岐に配流となっていた期間も後醍醐天皇の即位は継続している。
- Since the Southern Court (Japan) is now considered to have orthodoxy, the enthronement of Emperor Godaigo was effective when he was exiled to Oki.
- 先代の推古天皇は、在位36年3月7日 (旧暦)(628年)に死去した時、継嗣を定めていなかった。
- The former Empress Suiko did not decide her successor when she died on April 18, 628.
- 定刻になると、馬場殿から継上下着用の役人が来て、毬奉行に打毬を開始するようにという君命を伝える。
- When the time comes, an official wearing Tsugi kamishimo (a ceremonial dress of the warrior class) appears from Umaba dono (a palace in the middle of a horse-riding ground) to tell Maribugyo the order of the lord to start a game of Dakyu.
- また長い歴史をもっており、日本に人間が住み始めた紀元前10000年頃から現在まで継承されている。
- It has a long history, originating in 10000 B.C. and it has been succeeded until today.
- だらしなくない事や気を抜かない事や卑怯でない事であり、裏を返せば「美しい所作」の継続ともいえる。
- It refers to being careful, attentive, and fair; in other words, it is continuation of 'beautiful shosa' (beautiful behavior and poise).
- 初めて武家政治を打ち立てた源頼朝も、鎌倉に浄土式庭園の形式を受け継いだ、永福寺の庭を造っている。
- MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who established the first samurai government also built the Eifuku-ji Temple garden of which form was following Jodo style garden in Kamakura (Kamakura City).
- 践祚(せんそ)とは、天子の位を受け継ぐことであり、それは先帝の崩御あるいは譲位によって行われる。
- The term 'Senso' means to succeed the position of Tenshi (emperor) upon the demise of the previous emperor or his abdication from the position.
- 四条流の庖丁儀式とされる、巧みな庖丁さばきによる荘厳な技術披露が現在でも継承され、行われている。
- This solemn demonstration of the masterly performance showed skill in handling a kitchen knife, and is considered to be the kitchen knife ceremony of the Shijo School, and has been passed on as the Kitchen Knife Ceremony of Shijo School to this day.
- これらの複雑な制度は江戸幕府の崩壊により消滅し、その後華族となった大名家には引き継がれなかった。
- These complicated systems that disappeared after the collapse of the Edo bakufu and were never passed over to the former daimyo families who later became kazoku (the noble class).
- 11月卯の日(4番目の日)に4日間に渡って執り行われ、皇位継承に伴う儀式はこれをもって最後とする。
- On the fourth day of November, this ceremony is held for four days, this is the last ceremony related to Imperial succession.
- 1862年(文久2年)に姉の桂宮淑子内親王が継ぎ、1881年(明治14年)に歿して桂宮は断絶した。
- In 1862 older sister, Katsuranomiya Imperial Princess Sumiko succeeded to the family, but after she died in 1881, Katsuranomiya discontinued.
- 531年に後継を皇子の勾大兄(安閑天皇)に譲位(記録上最初の譲位例)し、その即位と同日に崩御した。
- In 531, he abdicated in favor of Magari no Ooe Prince (Emperor Ankan) (the first abdication in recorded Japanese history), and passed away on the day of the Prince's enthronement.
- この説によれば、いわゆる万世一系は否定され、出自不明の第26代・継体天皇から新たな大王家が始まる。
- This theory denies so-called unbroken imperial line and says that a new great king's family was founded by the twenty-sixth Japanese Emperor Keitai whose origin is unknown.
- これは本来、嫡子がおらず庶子の中から後継者を選ぶ際には母親の出自の高い方を選ぶという意味であった。
- Its original meaning was that, if there is no legitimate child and a successor should be selected from among children born out of wedlock, the one born from a mother from the highest ranked origin should be selected.
- 内容に関しては、父から子に皇位を伝える直系皇位継承法説などおびただしい学説が立てられ、定説はない。
- There are numerous theories about the origin of the contents, including the direct line imperial succession code theory, which advocates that it is a code for transcending the Imperial Throne from father to son, and there is no established theory.
- その後冷泉天皇にもついに世継ぎができなかったため、彼女の死が摂関家の斜陽の始まりであったといえる。
- As Emperor Goreizei had no heirs after all, we might say that her death was the beginning of the decline of Sekkan-ke (the families which produced the Regent and the Chief Adviser to the Emperor).
- 現在行われている祭祀の多くは明治時代に大宝令、貞観儀式、延喜式などを継承して再編されたものである。
- Most of the present-day festivals are the rituals that were formalized based on the Taiho Code, the Jogan-gishiki (a set of books of ceremonial procedures compiled in the Jogan era), and the Engishiki (an ancient Japanese book of administrative regulations and ceremonial procedures that was completed in 927) in the Meiji period.
- 散楽のうち人形を使った諸芸は傀儡(くぐつ)となり、やがて人形浄瑠璃(文楽)へと引き継がれていった。
- Various arts of Sangaku that used puppets became kugutsu (puppet play) and over time, it were replaced by ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater – bunraku).
- 中川家は錺師(かざりし)とも言われ、金工の精巧な茶道具を得意とし、優れた金工の技術を継承してきた。
- Also referred to as kazarishi (the fine metal fabrication crafts worker) specialized in sophisticated metal tea utensils, the Nakagawa family has been passing their superb art in metal fabrication down for generations.
- 道統とは小笠原の弓・馬・礼の三法の総取り仕切り役の正統継承を意味し、一般用語では「宗家」にあたる。
- Doto means the formal succession of responsibility for the three arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy, and is equivalent to the more common 'Soke'.
- これに対して旧南朝側では北朝側の皇統は断絶しており、傍流の継承は認めないとして各地で蜂起を起こした。
- The Southern Court was against it, and said they would not accept the Imperial succession of the Northern Court as their Imperial lineage had already discontinued, they raised revolts in many places.
- 実際、義満の死後、太上天皇号が朝廷から贈られようとしている(義満の後継者足利義持がこれを辞退した)。
- In fact, after Yoshimitsu died, the Imperial Palace intended to bestow the title of retired emperor. (However Yoshimitsu's successor, Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA declined it.)
- 不安定な基盤にのっていた王統が確立したのが継体の子である欽明天皇の頃(6世紀中期)だと言われている。
- It is said that around the period of Emperor Kinmei (middle of the 6th century), the son of Emperor Ketai, the lineage of the Emperor, which had been unstable, was stabilized.
- その後、梶井門跡(三千院)を継承し、康永3年/興国5年(1344年)以降天台座主に3度就任している。
- Afterward, he succeeded Kaji Monzeki (the head priest of Sanzen-in Temple), and took the post as the head priest of the Buddhist Tendai sect, three times after 1344.
- 菊麿王の後を継いだのが久邇宮朝彦親王の王子、多田(ただ)王で、相続にあたって梨本宮守正王と改名した。
- Kuni no Miya Prince Asahiko's Prince, Prince Tada succeeded after Prince Kikumaro, he was renamed Nashimoto no Miya Prince Morimasa when he inherited the family.
- 9代・京極宮公仁親王の歿後、一旦空主となるが、光格天皇の皇子・桂宮盛仁親王が継承して桂宮に改称した。
- After the ninth Kyogokunomiya Imperial Prince Kinhito died, there was no one to succeed the family for a while, so, Emperor Kokaku's Prince, Katsuranomiya Imperial Prince Takehito succeeded and was renamed Katsuranomiya.
- ところが、承応3年(1654年)兄の後光明天皇が没したため、良仁親王は後西天皇として皇位を継承した。
- However after his older brother, Emperor Gokomyo died in 1654, Imperial Prince Nagahito succeeded to the throne as Emperor Gosai.
- 継体天皇は他に沢山の子がいたのにも関わらず、嫡子は手白香皇女との間の皇子であるこの欽明天皇であった。
- Although Emperor Keitai had many children, his legitimate child was only Emperor Kinmei, who was the prince born between Emperor Keitai and Princess Tashiraka.
- 皇統譜は、皇室の身分関係(家族関係)を公証し、皇位継承の順序を定める基礎となる、皇室の戸籍にあたる。
- Kotofu is a family register of Imperial family which is a base to decide the order of succession to the Imperial Throne and to notarize the lineage relation (family relation) of Imperial family.
- これには、一箇所で食国法とあっても、他の箇所は皇位継承法として理解するほうが自然だという判断もある。
- Their argument stands on the belief that even if the description, the law of the nation's governance, is used in one place, it is rather natural to understand that the rest of the part is referring to the imperial succession code.
- 皇位継承法説をとる場合には、桓武天皇以降の法がそれ以前と別の理解をされていたと説くことが通例である。
- Supporters of the imperial succession theory usually argue that the interpretation of laws during the reign of Emperor Kanmu, or later, differs from the way of the time before Emperor Kanmu.
- 以後は竹原家が継承し、熊本藩藩校時習館では二条流和歌や礼法とともに武田流の流鏑馬が必修科目とされた。
- After that, the Takehara family inherited it and at Jishukan, a domain school of the Kumamoto Domain, Yabusame of Takeda-ryu became a compulsory subject along with Nijyo style waka (Japanese traditional poems) and manners.
- 長子信一は父香山に先立って没し、三男僖凭が父の後を受け継ぎ、大和流の本系として島原の地で明治に及ぶ。
- Nobukazu died some time before Kozan's death and Yoshiyori succeeded Kozan, so that the Yamato school was continued to the Meiji period by Yoshiyori line as a lineal descendant in Shimabara.
- 公家の流派のうち難波流・御子左流は近世までに衰退したが、飛鳥井流だけはその後まで受け継がれていった。
- Among the schools of the nobility, the Nanba and the Mikohidari schools had declined by the early modern age, afterwards, only the Asukai school continued.
- それに家の芸という意識の低い関西歌舞伎の風土は後継者作成に積極的でなく、鴈治郎一人勝ち状態が続いた。
- The Kansai Kabuki environment, in which awareness of family performance was low, was not active in fostering successors and the situation of Ganjiro sweeping the board continued.
- その皇位継承に当たり、当時の先例では、神器がなくとも最低限、治天の君による伝国詔宣が必要とされていた。
- According to precedent at the time, 伝国詔宣 by Chiten no kimi was at least required even if sacred treasures were not available in order to succeed the throne.
- だが、後継は定まらず、2ヵ月後に諸臣の要請を受けて首皇子成人までの中継ぎとして元明天皇として即位した。
- However, the successor to the throne was not officially decided, and two months later, she was asked by the vassals and temporarily occupied the throne as Emperor Genmei until Obito no Miko (Prince Obito) become old enough to succeed to the throne.
- しかし、男系論者、女系論者とにも皇位継承問題と皇族についての議論を続けていくことで認識は一致している。
- Both male-line and female-line advocates agree that discussions regarding the imperial succession issue and imperial family should continue.
- ともかく下記にもある通り、継体天皇の皇后は仁賢天皇の皇女である手白香皇女であり、欽明天皇を産んでいる。
- However that may be, the empress of Emperor Keitai was Princess Tashiraka, the Princess of Emperor Ninken and the mother of Emperor Kinmei.
- 種継が中心として行っていた長岡京造営の目的の1つには東大寺や大安寺などの奈良寺院の影響力排除があった。
- One of the purposes in the construction of Nagaoka-kyo led by Tanetsugu was to eliminate all influences by Nara Temples, including the Todai-ji Temple and the Daian-ji Temple.
- それゆえ、皇位継承順位が明文化される以前には、皇太子は立太子された当今の子という意味をもつに過ぎない。
- Before the order of succession to the Imperial Throne was stipulated, the crown prince meant the son of the current emperor, who was formally installed as Crown Prince.
- 長崎市の場合は長崎放送が中継録画を行う長崎県庁前には数多くの船が流れ、「変わり精霊船」も多く見られる。
- A good viewing spot in Nagasaki City is at the front of the Nagasaki Prefectural Government Office where the Nagasaki Broadcasting Company videotapes the event and many shorobune float past there, including many of the so-called 'alternative shorobune.'
- それゆえ、治宝は幼くして了々斎の跡を継いだ10代吸江斎に了々斎から預かっていた皆伝を授ける形となった。
- As a consequence, Harutomi, technically bestowed the certificate of full mastership, which Ryoryosai left in trust with Harutomi, on Kyukosai (the 10th head of the school), who followed in the footsteps of Ryoryosai at a young age.
- 半古斎も早世したため、10代不染斎は13年間に渡って表千家12代惺斎のもとで修行を積んでから継承した。
- Since Hankosai also died young, the tenth head Fusensai succeeded the family after performing ascetic practices for 13 years under the guidance of the twelfth head of the Omote-Senke school, Seisai.
- また長益の次男織田頼長、その長男織田長好、信長の孫織田貞置と継承され、貞置以降のものを貞置流ともいう。
- The one passed to Nagamasu's second son Yorinaga ODA, Yorinaga's first son Nagayoshi ODA and Nobunaga's grandson Sadaoki ODA is called the Sadaoki school after the generation of Sadaoki.
- 一説では、信長が存命中から後継者の立場を明確にしておきたかったため、信忠に譲ったのだとも言われている。
- According to one estimate, Nobunaga only gave the right of the reigns of the family to Nobutada because he wanted to establish Nobutada's position as the heir while he was living.
- 道統(どうとう)とも言い、現在の正式な宗家は平成6年(1994年)に31世を継承した小笠原清忠である。
- This is also known as Doto, and the current official Soke is Kiyotada OGASAWARA, who became the 31st Soke in 1994.
- 当時はまだ旧皇室典範制定前で、皇族の継承権問題が天皇の裁量で決められたため、5月18日に勅許が出された。
- It was before the Imperial Family Law was introduced at that time, since the Emperor had power to decide who would succeed to the throne, the Imperial order was issued from the Emperor on May 18.
- はじめ高松宮初代好仁親王の王女を娶って高松宮第二代を継承して花町宮(花町院)(はなまちのみや)と号した。
- First, the Emperor was named Hanamachinomiya (Hanamachiin) to succeed the second Takamatsunomiya, after marrying the princess of Imperial Prince Yoshihito, who was the first Takamatsunomiya.
- また、皇位継承に介入する鎌倉幕府に対して強い不信感を持ち、在世中は倒幕画策の噂が立てられるほどであった。
- He was also strongly suspicious toward the Kamakura bakufu, which had tried to get involved in the succession of the Imperial Throne; during his reign there was even a rumor that the Emperor had an intention to defeat the Kamakura bakufu.
- だが、称徳天皇の時代、天武系皇族は皇位継承を巡る内紛から殆どが粛清されており、めぼしい人物がいなかった。
- However, in Emperor Shotoku era, there was no candidate from the Emperor Tenmu family to ascend the Throne since they had been purged due to internal conflict over the succession to the Imperial throne.
- これにより、天皇の皇子の中で、継承順位が最も高い者が「皇嗣たる皇子」として皇太子に立てられる事となった。
- Accordingly, an Imperial prince who was the first in line to the Imperial throne began to be considered 'Imperial prince who was the heir to the throne' and appointed Crown Prince.
- 天武天皇が亡くなった直後、皇太子につぐ皇位継承資格を持つと見られていた大津皇子が謀反の罪で死刑になった。
- Immediately after the death of Emperor Tenmu, Prince Otsu who was regarded to have succession right of the Imperial Throne after the Crown Prince was accused of a rebellion and executed.
- しかし皇太子については別の解釈方法もあり、傍系継承の淳和天皇、仁明天皇は皇太子に前天皇の子を立てている。
- However, there is another interpretation in the treatment of the imperial prince, in which it is said that Emperor Junna and Emperor Ninmyo, who undertook the collateral line succession, put up the late emperor's son.
- しかしながら、この説に従えば、次の後継者に弟の天武天皇が立ったとき、不改常典は早々に破られたことになる。
- However, according to this theory, it can be said that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten was broken too soon, when Tenchi 's younger brother Emperor Tenmu presented himself to the next heir to the Imperial Throne.
- 天武天皇8年(679年)には吉野の盟約で事実上の後継者となり、天武天皇10年(681年)、2月に皇太子。
- Prince Kusakabe became the de facto successor at Yoshino Pact in 679, and became the crown prince in February, 681.
- 譲位(じょうい)は、皇帝、国王、天皇といった君主の地位にある者が、その地位を後継者へ譲り渡すことである。
- Abdication of the throne means that a person with the position of a monarch, such as emperor and king, transfers the position to a successor.
- 漢風諡号、持統天皇は代々の天皇とともに淡海三船により、熟語の「継体持統」から持統と名付けられたとされる。
- The Chinese-style posthumous name, Jito, was given after a phrase 'Keitai jito' (maintenance of the imperial rule) by OMI no Mifune who also gave posthumous names to other emperors.
- また吉田竹子の門下から高峰筑風(高峰三枝子の父)が出て一世を風靡したが、後継者がなくその芸風は途絶えた。
- A disciple of Takeko YOSHIDA, Chikufu TAKAMINE (father of Mieko TAKAMINE) became famous and dominated the biwa world but he had no successor, so his performing style came to an end.
- これに対し、岩倉具視を始めとする政府要人や華族たちは資金を出し合って猿楽を継承する組織「能楽社」を設立。
- In response to this situation, Tomomi IWAKURA and other government officials and peers provided funding to establish 'Nohgakusha' as an organization for keeping Sarugaku.
- それに対し、琳派では時間や場所、身分が遠く離れた人々によって受け継がれたのは、他に類を見ない特色である。
- The Rinpa style, on the other hand, was inherited by people of various social standings living in different times and locations, which is a unique characteristic of this school.
- また越前萬歳(野大坪万歳)については、約1500年前の継体天皇にまつわる伝承を由来と主張するものもある。
- Also, some insist that Echizen-manzai (Nootsubo-manzai) originates from the tradition connected to Emperor Keitai about 1500 years ago.
- 食味が優れる品種であり、コシヒカリやササニシキは、亀ノ尾からその良食味を引き継いでいると考えられている。
- These cultivars are superior in eating quality, which Koshihikari and Sasanishiki are considered to have succeeded from original Kameno-o variety.
- 松浦の完成した「京流手事物」は、後輩にあたる石川勾当や菊岡検校、光崎検校らに受け継がれ更に発展してゆく。
- Kyoto-style tegotomono' which MATSUURA completed was handed down to his junior fellows such as koto (the title of the official ranks within the Todo-za) ISHIKAWA, kengyo KIKUOKA and kengyo MITSUZAKI and developed further.
- 湧出量は地中から地表へ継続的に取り出される水量であり、動力等の人工的な方法で汲み出された場合も含まれる。
- Yield of hot spring water means the volume of water that is continuously taken from underground to the surface of earth inclusive of water that is pumped out artificially by motors, etc.
- 八代の弟子であり、既に結婚独立していたが、九代の急死のため、急遽師匠の命により呼び戻されて後継者となる。
- He had been a disciple of the eighth Seigen and already married and set up business on his own, but due to the sudden death of the ninth Seigen, he was called back hastily by his master, and became a successor.
- かつてヨーロッパの多くの国では、王位を男系男子のみに継承させていた(男系女子を排除する点で日本と異なる)。
- In many countries in Europe before, the imperial throne was succeeded by male-line male (different from that of Japan excluding male-line female).
- 元来、伏見宮家は持明院統の嫡流にあたるが、伏見宮栄仁親王の皇位継承は将軍足利義満に忌避されたと考えられる。
- Originally, the Fushimi no Miya family was the direct line from the Jimyo-in Imperial line, it is considered that the Fushimi no Miya Prince Yoshihito's Imperial succession was refused by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA.
- 宮家の祭祀は、彰仁親王の薨去後、北白川宮能久親王の王子、小松輝久が臣籍降下し、小松侯爵家を名乗り継承した。
- After Imperial Prince Akihito died, Kitashirakawa no Miya Imperial Prince Yoshihisa's Prince, Teruhisa KOMATSU was demoted from nobility to subject, and succeeded a ritual of the Miyake (house of an imperial prince) by naming the Marquis Komatsu family.
- 例えば、女性皇族にも皇位の継承を認めるべきだという意見、旧皇族を皇籍復帰させるべきだという意見などが出た。
- For example, there have been proposed opinions that succession of the throne by a female member of the Imperial family should be approved, that the former member of the Imperial family should be restored to the register of the Imperial family, etc.
- 757年の道祖王の廃太子後の後継者選びでは藤原豊成・藤原永手らの推薦を受けたものの立太子には至らなかった。
- In the selection of a successor to Prince Funado (Funado no Okimi), the deposed Crown Prince in 757, he was not installed as Crown Prince even though he was recommended by FUJIWARA no Toyonari and FUJIWARA no Nagate.
- そこで、「初め定めた法」は、天智天皇の業績を持ち上げるために作られた近江令とその後継の律令のことだとする。
- Then he concludes that 'the law established for the first time' refers to Omi-Ryo, which was created to inflate the achievement of Emperor Tenchi, and the successive Ritsuryo codes (codes to control the centralized governance) all together.
- 源経基の名跡を継いだ源満仲は、摂津国川辺郡多田(現・兵庫県川西市多田)を本拠地として源氏武士団を形成した。
- MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka, who succeeded the family name after MINAMOTO no Tsunemoto, formed the Genji samurai group based in Tada, Kawabe District, Settsu Province (present-day Tada, Kawanishi City, Hyogo Prefecture).
- 不改常典が継承方法ではなく天皇のあり方を規定したものとするなら、前代の詔もこれら平安時代の詔も意味が通る。
- If Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten is not formulated to rule imperial succession, but to advocate the ideal position of the emperors, the edicts of the former emperors as well as the edicts of these emperors in the Heian period would make sense.
- 明治22年(1889年)、皇室の家内法として皇室典範(旧皇室典範)が定められ、皇位継承順位が明文化された。
- In 1889, the Imperial House Law (Former Imperial House Law) was established as a household law in the imperial court and the order of succession to the Imperial Throne was specified clearly.
- 俵屋宗達や緒方光琳などが、狩野派の絵画技法を継承発展させて、金碧障壁画は日本美術に実に大きな影響を与えた。
- Sotatsu TAWARAYA, Korin OGATA and other painters succeeded and further developed the technique of paintings of the Kano School, so that kinpeki-shohekiga had a large impact on the art in Japan.
- 室町幕府13代将軍足利義輝が織田信長の父織田信秀に桐紋を授け、その後、信長にその桐紋が父から引き継がれた。
- Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, the 13th Shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), gave Kiri-mon to Nobuhide ODA, the father of Nobunaga ODA, it was then taken over by Nobunaga from his father.
- 日蓮正宗総本山・大石寺の法主は隠居する場合、原則として後継者を定めて猊座を譲り、隠居することになっている。
- In the case of hossu (the chief priest) of Taiseki-ji Temple, the Head Temple of Nichiren Sho Sect, as a principle, he has to retire as inkyo after deciding the successor and gives over the position of the highest priestship to the successor.
- 天皇は上皇の院政を停止して、上皇に退位を強要される事態を阻止し、皇位継承に干渉する鎌倉幕府の打倒を計画した。
- The Emperor intended to stop the Retired Emperor's cloistered government and tried to escape only to be forced to abdicate from the throne by the retired Emperor, thus he planned to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu who interfered with the Imperial succession.
- 後白河の正当な後継者は後鳥羽天皇であり、皇統は後鳥羽の系統に統一され、後白河の死後、後鳥羽は院政を開始した。
- Since Emperor Goshirakawa's proper successor was Emperor Gotoba, the Imperial line was unified along Emperor Gotoba's line, after Emperor Goshirakawa died, Emperor Gotoba started his Cloistered government.
- 以上のような状況から、皇位継承候補者も複数存在することとなり、再び皇統の分裂-迭立-が見られるようになった。
- Due to the above, there were many candidates for Imperial succession, again, the separation of the Imperial line - sharing the Imperial throne - became apparent.
- そこで当時院政を行っていた後小松は崇光の孫である伏見宮貞成親王に対して万が一の際の皇位継承を極秘に要請した。
- Thus Emperor Gokomatsu, who was ruling the Cloistered government at the time, secretly ordered Fushiminomiya Imperial Prince Sadafusa, who was the grandchild of Emperor Suko, to succeed to the throne in the event of an emergency.
- だが、早良親王は謀叛の疑い(藤原種継暗殺事件)によりこれを廃し、早良は怒りもあらわに絶食死を遂げる事になる。
- However Imperial Prince Sawara was under suspicion of treason (the plot to assassinate FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu) and he was not allowed to succeed to the throne, he was furious about this and he ended up fasting until he died of starvation.
- もしこの説が正しければ、継体天皇が畿内勢力の抵抗にあい、長期に渡って奈良盆地へ入れなかったとする説が崩れる。
- If this hypothesis is correct, it will undermine the theory which believes that the resistance from the forces in Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) retarded Emperor Keitai' entry into Nara Basin for years.
- 残された孫の首(おびと)皇子(後の聖武天皇)はまだ幼かったため、中継ぎとして、初めて皇后を経ないで即位した。
- Since the surviving grandchild, Obito no miko (the future Emperor Shomu), was too young, Ahe no himemiko succeeded to the throne to connect the Imperial line, as the first empress who had never been an empress consort before.
- イギリスでは王位継承に男子優先長子相続制を採用しており、欠格事由のない限り、王の長男が法定推定相続人となる。
- The primogeniture with priority to male child is used for succession of the crown in England, and the first son of the king becomes an apparent heir unless there are any reasons for disqualification.
- 元明天皇即位詔の二番目の不改常典、「不改常典と立てられた食国法」は、皇位継承法説に対する重要な批判点である。
- The second citation on Fukai-no-Joten in the edict of Empress Genmei, 'the law of the nation's governance legislated as Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten' is an important point of criticism toward the imperial succession code theory.
- 元正天皇の即位詔の第一の箇所と、聖武天皇即位と譲位の詔では、不改常典が聖武天皇の皇位継承の根拠とされている。
- The first part in question in the Empress Gensho's edict upon enthronement, and the Emperor Shomu's edict upon enthronement as well as his edict upon abdication, referred to Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten as the base of authority that justifies the Emperor Shomu's succession of the Imperial Throne.
- このときは天智の孫にあたる葛野王が直系継承を主張したが、その際天智天皇の定めた法には触れなかったようである。
- At this time, Tenchi 's grandson, Kado no Okimi, insisted the direct line succession, however it seems that Monmu did not touch on the law which was established by Emperor Tenchi in his counter-argument.
- 但し高階氏に関しては、天武天皇の雲孫(8代孫)に当たる高階師尚が養子なので、以降天武天皇血筋は継いでいない。
- However, as for the Takashina clan, because TAKASHINA no Morohisa, the eighth generation decedent of the Emperor Tenmu, was an adopted son, the line of Emperor Tenmu stopped there.
- また、藩主の不行跡などで家臣団からの反発を受けて、強制的に後継者に家督を譲って隠居する(強制隠居)例もある。
- Further, some of the lords were forced to quit their positions by a group of subordinates due to his misconduct, and handed their reigns to their successors (forced inkyo).
- この結果、幕府によって後鳥羽院政と後鳥羽系統の皇統は全て廃されたが、皇位継承すべき者が不在という事態に至った。
- Consequently, the Imperial line of Emperor Gotoba's Cloistered government and Emperor Gotoba were abolished, and this caused a problem because there was no one to succeed to the Imperial throne.
- この為、後水尾天皇第六皇子の秀宮を親王宣下し良仁親王(ながひとしんのう:後西天皇)となし、高松宮を継承させた。
- Thus, the sixth son of Emperor Gomizunoo, Hidenomiya received the Imperial order for being an Imperial Prince and he became Imperial Prince Nagahito (Emperor Gosai), then took over the Takamatsunomiya family.
- 忠通は頼長を養子にしていたが、実子・近衛基実が生まれたことで摂関の地位を自らの子孫に継承させようと考えていた。
- Although Tadamichi had adopted Yorinaga, he intended to have his son, Motozane KONOE, succeed his position in the clan after his son was born.
- 元正天皇への継承は、幼かった首皇子(後の聖武天皇・第42代文武天皇の皇子)の即位が前提であったとする説がある。
- There is a theory that the succession of Emperor Gensho was based upon the condition of the accession of young Prince Obito, who was going to be Emperor Shomu; the Prince of the forty-second Emperor Monmu.
- 弥生時代後期の2世紀後半、倭国王位の継承をめぐって倭国大乱が起こり、卑弥呼が倭国王となることで争乱が終息した。
- After the latter second century, during the late Yayoi period, there was large scale fighting in Japan due to the succession to the throne of Japan, the fighting ended after Himiko was decided to become the Queen of Japan.
- 継体天皇以降は、大和国の勢力と越前国や近江国など北方の豪族の勢力が一体化し、ヤマト王権の力が国内で強くなった。
- After the reign of Emperor Keitai, the force in Yamato Province and the forces of local ruling families in Echizen province, Omi Province, and other northern areas were unified, which strengthened the power of Yamato sovereignty (the ancient Japan sovereignty) in Japan.
- ハプスブルク家の皇帝は、次期皇帝としての「ローマ王」の称号を自家の後継者に与えることで、帝位の世襲を維持した。
- The emperors of the Hapsburg gave the title of 'Rex Romanorum' as the next emperor to his successor to maintain heredity of the crown.
- 607年に王位継承者(厩戸)を資養する壬生部(みぶべ)が設置されているので、これ以前には亡くなっていたらしい。
- Since the Mibube department to support the successor to the throne (Umayado) was established in 607, it is assumed that he died before that.
- また、推古天皇の後継者争いには敏達天皇系(田村皇子)と用明天皇系(山背大兄王)の対立があったとも言われている。
- Furthermore, it is said that Emperor Bidatsu and Emperor Yomei competed over succession race after Empress Suiko.
- 不破内親王との間に氷上志計志麻呂・氷上川継の二人の子を儲けた(ただし、一部には両者を同一人物とする説もある)。
- He had two children, HIKAMI no Shikeshimaro and HIKAMI Kawatsugu with Imperial Princess Fuwa (However, some say the two children were the same person).
- 782年、息子の川継が謀反を起こして伊豆国に流されたのに連座し、不破内親王も淡路国へ流される(氷上川継の乱)。
- In 782 Imperial Princess Fuwa was banished to Awaji Province in connection with her son Kawatsugu who had been banished to Izu Province for starting a rebellion (HIKAMI no Kawatsugu's War).
- 宇治平等院に引退した際に所有権は摂関家歴代当主に継承させるものの、邸宅自体は歴代天皇の里内裏として提供された。
- When he retired to Uji Byodo-in Temple, although the ownership was transferred to the heads of the line of regents and advisers, the residence was provided as a satodairi for the line of emperors.
- この説への批判者は、天皇家が自家の継承まで委ねるほど藤原氏に奉仕しなければならないと考えた動機が不明だとする。
- Those who criticize this theory insist that it is not understandable why the Emperor's family had to think that it needed to give facilitations to the Fujiwara clan to the degree that the Emperor's family entrusted its own succession to the hand of the Fujiwara clan.
- 兄弟継承の古い慣習に対抗するために不改常典が持ち出されたと考えると、聖武天皇の詔も元明天皇の詔も理解しやすい。
- The edict of Emperor Shomu as well as that of Empress Genmei can be easily understood, if you suppose that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten was brought forward in order to cope with the old practice of the brother to brother succession.
- 書紀はこの「天皇の詔」の内容を記さないが、文脈から大友皇子の皇位継承を命じる詔だろうと従来から推測されていた。
- Although 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) does not touch on the contents of this 'Emperor's Edict,' judging from the context, it had been supposed to be the imperial decree to order Prince Otomo's succession of the throne.
- しかし皇女の春日大娘皇女が仁賢天皇の皇后となり、その娘の手白香皇女が継体天皇の皇后となり欽明天皇を産んでいる。
- However, his daughter Kasuga no Oiratsume no Himemiko became the empress to the Emperor Ninken, and her daughter Tashiraka no Himemko became the empress to the Emperor Keitai and gave birth to the Emperor Kinmei.
- 1905年(明治38年)『尋常小学唱歌』にも巖谷小波作詞の「一寸法師」が収められ、子供たちに歌い継がれている。
- In 1905, 'Issunboshi' with lyrics written by Sazanami IWAYA appeared in 'Jinjo Shogaku Shoka' (songs collected for common elementary education), and it continues to be sung by children.
- その気風と技術の高さが、のちに山酒4号・亀粋・酒未来・龍の落とし子・羽州誉などの民間開発米に受け継がれていく。
- Such genius and high level of technology were inherited by rice developed in the private sector, such as Yamasake No. 4, Kamesui, Sake mirai, Tatsu no otoshigo and Ushu homare.
- その中でも浮世絵以来の美人画の様式を引き継いでいる人気イラストレーターとして、林静一、中村佑介らがあげられる。
- Of those, Seiichi HAYASHI and Yusuke NAKAMURA, among others, are named as popular illustrators who inherit the style of bijinga since ukiyoe.
- 安易な興行を繰り返し、関係者が後継者育成の努力を怠ったことが、大きなツケとなってここに跳ね返ってきたのである。
- Repetition of easy performances, and lack of efforts by people in the business to foster capable successors, were the large bill that came due.
- 義仲は親しかった俊尭僧正を介して北陸宮を皇位継承者にすべきと後白河天皇に推挙したが、法皇からは完全に無視された。
- Yoshinaka suggested Emperor Goshirakawa, through his close friend, a high-ranking Buddhist priest Shungyo, for Hokurokunomiya to succeed the throne, but this suggestion was totally ignored by the Cloistered Emperor.
- 皇位継承を男系皇族のみに限定するという不文律が、日本でいつごろ、どのようにして成立したのかはよく分かっていない。
- It is uncertain as to when and how the unwritten rule limiting succession to the imperial throne to male imperial family members was established.
- 天平宝字8年(764年)塩焼王は藤原仲麻呂の乱で偽帝に擁され処刑されたが、母の不破内親王と川継は罰されなかった。
- Although the Prince Shioyaki was executed since he was supported to become a fake emperor in the FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's war in 764, Kawatsugu and his mother, the Imperial Princess Fuwa were not punished.
- 輝かしき祖先たちの徳の力により、はるかな昔から代々絶えることなくひと筋に受け継がれてきた皇位にのぼった朕は...
- Thanks to the great virtue of our ancestors, the Imperial throne was succeeded by only one unbroken family, and now I succeeded to the throne….
- Due to great virtue of our ancestors, the Imperial throne was succeeded by only one unbroken family, and now I succeeded to the throne….
- 皇親の範囲は、「継嗣令」の規定では天皇の四世孫までが皇親とされ、五世孫は王を称したが皇孫にはあたらないとされた。
- According to the 'Ordinance of the Heir to the Imperial Throne,' the scope of Koshin is stipulated as up to and including the emperor's great-grandchildren (fourth generation); the fifth generation, or great-great-grandchildren, were called princes but not considered to be part of the imperial heritage.
- 1921年(大正10年)に発表され、教科書にも掲載されていた(著作権保護期間継続中の為、歌詞はここに記載しない。
- Released in 1921, this song was introduced in schoolbooks (its lyrics cannot be introduced here, because this song is in a copyright protection period.
- この手法はその後も受け継がれ、より変奏に工夫が凝らされ、互いに合奏ができる(段合わせ)よう作られている曲もある。
- This method of performance continued into later years, with many variations added thereto, and some pieces were created to enable players to perform alternately (uchiawase method).
- このため好古斎が急逝したあとは3男が8代汲古斎として家元を継いだのだが、汲古斎もわずか4年で台湾に渡ってしまう。
- Consequently, the third son of Kokosai succeeded the Matsuo-ryu school as its eighth head, Kyukosai, after the sudden death of the seventh head Kokosai, but after his four year service as the head, Kyukosai went abroad to Taiwan.
- 一澤帆布工業株式会社を継いだ長男・一澤信太郎は新たな職人と素材をもって2006年10月16日より営業を再開した。
- Shintaro ICHIZAWA, the eldest son who succeeded the Ichizawa Hanpu Co., Ltd., employed new craftsmen and began the business again on October 16, 2006 with new materials.
- 文和2年(1353年)に後光厳へ政務権を継承した後も、北朝家督者として君臨し続け、延文2年(1357年)に没した。
- After she handed over the reigns of the government to Emperor Gokongo in 1353, she maintained her reign in the government as the head of the Northern Court, and died in 1357.
- 日本書紀によると、仲哀天皇の崩御後、世継ぎの応神天皇が生まれたばかりであり、その母の神功皇后が摂政となったという。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), after Emperor Chuai died, the successor to the Imperial throne, Emperor Ojin was just born, thus his mother, Empress Jungu became the regent.
- 継体天皇は他に沢山の子がいたのにも関わらず、嫡子は手白香皇女との間の皇子である天国排開広庭尊(欽明天皇)であった。
- Although Emperor Keitai had many other children, Prince Amenokunioshiharakihironiwa no Mikoto (Emperor Kinmei), the child between he and Princess Tashiraka, was chosen as his legitimate child.
- 継体天皇は大和に入る以前、現地で複数の妃を持ち沢山の子がいたが、即位後先代天皇の姉(妹)を皇后をとして迎え入れた。
- Despite Emperor Keitai already had several wives and a lot of children before he moved to Yamato, he took the older (younger) sister of late Emperor as his Empress.
- 『日本書紀』に拠ると、推古天皇が病没した後にその後継問題が発生し、蘇我氏の庶流境部摩理勢らは山背大兄王を擁立する。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', a successor issue appeared after the death of Emperor Suiko and SAKAIBE no Marise; SAKAIBE no Omimarise, a branch of the Soga clan, supported Prince Yamashiro no oe.
- そこで、文徳天皇の時に不改常典は皇位継承と解されていなかったのであり、それは桓武天皇の場合も同様であると推定した。
- Then he supposed that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten during the reign of Emperor Montoku was not considered as the code to rule imperial succession and Emperor Kanmu also had a similar understanding.
- 翌年の大同4年5月、河内国の内蔵寮田11町を賜った(但し、継子の死後は再び内蔵寮田とするという条件が付いていた)。
- In May of the following year, she was given an 11-cho (109,087 square meters) rice field in Kawachi Province which was originally owned by the Kuraryo (the Bureau of Palace Storehouses), on condition that the land would be returned to the Kuraryo after her death.
- 父方の祖母・高志内親王は、平城天皇・嵯峨天皇両天皇の同母兄弟であり、王自身も皇位継承の有力な資格者の1人であった。
- His paternal grandmother Imperial Princess Koshi was the maternal sister of Emperor Heizei and Emperor Saga, and he himself was also one of the influential heirs to the imperial throne.
- これら京都で作られた曲群を「京もの」「京流手事もの」と呼び、更に光崎検校、吉沢検校、幾山検校らに引き継がれて行く。
- The music created in Kyoto is called 'Kyo mono' or 'Kyoryu tegoto mono,' and was passed down to Kengyo MITSUZAKI, Kengyo YOSHIZAWA and Kengyo IKUYAMA.
- 元来、単純な発想の料理であるためか「誕生のきっかけ」とされるエピソードが各地に複数語り継がれているのも確かである。
- It is true that many stories about 'how the recipe came about' have been told in many places perhaps because it basically derives from a simple idea.
- そのために『花鏡』、『至花道』、『三道』などの伝書を執筆し、自己の能楽理論の継承と座の繁栄を磐石たらしめんとした。
- For the purpose of accomplishing it, he wrote densho (books handed down from ancestors) such as 'Kyoka, 'Shikado' and 'Sando' in order to consolidate the succession of his Noh theory and the prosperity of his troupe.
- こうして徐々に減ってゆき、戦国時代 (日本)に廃滅に瀕して、寛永3年9月四辻季継に詔があり「伊勢海」が復興された。
- Thus, Saibara songs were gradually decreased and almost became extinct in the Sengoku period (Japan), then in September 1626, Suetsugu YOTSUTSUJI was given Mikotonori (imperial edict) and 'Ise no umi' was restored.
- 戦後、一色梨郷氏や山本霞月氏などにより、三条西公正氏が宗家に推戴され、以後三代に渡り三条西家が宗家を継承している。
- After World War II, Kinosa SANJONISHI was recommended for Soke (grand master) by Rikyo ISSHIKI and Kagetsu YAMAMOTO, and thereafter, the Sanjonishi family succeeded Soke for three generations.
- 関東屋は庸軒の叔父の藤村紹和を元祖とする縁戚であり、養子による継承を重ねて正斎のあと一時断絶したがのちに再興した。
- Kantoya was ran by Yoken's relatives, its originator being Tsugukazu FUJIMURA, Yoken's uncle; Kantoya was temporarily discontinued after Seisai in spite of successions by adopted sons, but it was later restored.
- 律令制の継承に伴い、官吏養成及び学問研究として取り入れられ、式部省の被官の大学寮において、明経道として教授された。
- When the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code) was inherited, it was adopted for training government officials and for academic research, and was taught in the Daigaku-ryo (Bureau of Education under the ritsuryo system) for the hikan (low-level bureaucrat) of Shikibu-sho (the Ministry of Ceremonial) as Myogyo-do (the study of Confucian classics).
- 鎌倉幕府は仲恭天皇を廃位し、「後鳥羽上皇の子孫の皇位継承は認めない」とする方針を決定、非後鳥羽系皇族の擁立を図った。
- The Kamakura bakufu let Emperor Chukyo abdicate the throne and decided to institute a new policy 'Not to allow Retired Emperor Gotoba's descendants succeed to the throne,' and they tried to set up an Imperial Family member to succeed, who was not a member of Emperor Gotoba's Imperial Family.
- 上皇(治天の君)-天皇の形態は男系での皇位継承を非常に安定させる形態だったが、明治以降、上皇の存在は廃止されている。
- The retired Emperor (Chiten no kimi) - the form of the succession to the Emperor was in secure form and it was passed on by the male members of the Imperial family, however the position of the retired Emperor itself was abolished.
- 第26代の継体天皇で血筋が一度途絶えているとする説があり、壬申の乱、南北朝時代など一系ではなかったとの説などである。
- There are some theories including: the bloodline died out in the era of the twenty-sixth Emperor Keitai; the line was broken at the time during the Jinshin War or during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
- 三笠宮の長男である寛仁親王も独立の生計を営んでいるが、三笠宮家の継承が予定されているため、独自の宮号は持っていない。
- Although the eldest son of Mikasanomiya, Imperial Prince Tomohito, enjoys his own independent life, he does not have his own Miya since he was expected to succeed the Mikasanomiya family.
- この花山法皇の観音巡礼が西国三十三箇所巡礼として現在でも継承されており、各霊場で詠んだ御製の和歌が詠歌となっている。
- Emperor Kazan's pilgrimage statue of the Goddess of Kannon has been inherited to the present as pilgrimage through 33 places in the western region, and each of the poems made by the Emperor in different sacred places has become a Buddhist (pilgrim's) hymn [chant].
- 6世紀前半には武烈天皇の死により一旦、倭国王統が断絶しているが、応神天皇の5世の子孫とされる継体天皇が皇位継承した。
- In early sixth century, after Emperor Buretsu died, the Imperial line of Japan discontinued, however Emperor Keitai who was believed to be the fifth descendant of Emperor Ojin succeeded to the throne.
- これにより、天智・天武以来の直系皇位継承は放棄され、大兄制が(一時的とは言え)事実上復活したと見ることも可能である。
- Due to this, direct Imperial succession since Emperor Tenji and Emperor Tenmu, was not allowed, in fact Imperial succession between the eldest brothers was restored (even though it was only temporary).
- 母の姉妹が源実朝の室だった関係もあり、建保7年(1219年)の実朝横死後は一時後継の征夷大将軍候補に擬せられていた。
- Because his mother's sister was the wife of MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, he was temporarily slated for appointment as a prospective seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') after Sanetomo died a sudden death in 1219.
- だが、後述する通り呉服販売業界から「業界の衰退にかかわる」等と抗議が相次ぎ、結局大幅縮小という形で継続となっている。
- However, as mentioned below, since the mercery lodged protests in succession by saying, 'it may cause the decline of the industry,' etc., the holding of Seijin-shiki ceremony has eventually continued in the form of drastically downsizing.
- 郷土史家の越中哲也は長崎放送の録画中継の中で「難破船になるですばい」と毎年、出演の旅に「悪しき行為」と解説している。
- Every year, Tetsuya ETCHU, a local history researcher, regularly comments that 'They may wreck them,' and considers that act as 'bad behavior' when he appears on a videotaped show of Nagasaki Broadcasting Company.
- 古い町並みの残る須坂の町には古くから大切に受け継がれてきたお雛様があり、それらを多くの方に見ていただこうと始まった。
- The town of Suzaka City still has the scenery reminiscent of the old days, and it has hina dolls that have been treasured and passed down through the ages; the festival began with the intent to show the hina dolls to many people.
- 現今の女性天皇の議論において「神道儀礼」について加味されないのは、祭祀継承を旨とする天皇家を無視すると言う批判もある。
- In the current argument about female Emperors, since the 'Shinto ceremony' was not discussed, there is some criticism that there was no consideration by the Imperial Family who succeeded the ritual.
- 当時の江戸城大奥では家継の父で先に死亡した前将軍徳川家宣の正室・近衛熙子と側室で家継生母の月光院が権力争いをしていた。
- There was a power struggle between Hiroko KONOE, Ietsugu's father and the previous Shogun Ienobu's Empress, and nobleman's concubine, Ietsugu's birth mother, Gekkoin in the inner palace of Edo-jo Castle.
- 一見、南北朝合一により皇位継承は再び安定したように見られたが、もう一つの問題であった北朝内部の内紛は解消されなかった。
- It seemed that Imperial succession was sacred at a glance with the unity of the Northern Court and the Southern Court, however, the internal trouble within the Northern Court did not become resolved.
- すなわち「男系継承は神代、初代神武天皇以前から定められていた掟であり、一貫して続いてきた伝統である」という認識である。
- It is the recognition that `Male-line succession is a commandment which has been defined since before the first Emperor Jinmu, and it is a consistently succeeded tradition.'
- そのため、夫と別の女性との間に生まれた後光明天皇を養子として実娘・明正天皇の後継者とし、夫と徳川家双方の面目を立てた。
- Therefore Emperor Gokomyo who was born between the Emperor and aother woman was adopted to succeed to the throne after Kazuko's daughter, Emperor Meisho, this way, Kazuko was able to preserve both the Emperor's and the Tokugawa family's honor.
- 継体天皇の後に安閑天皇・宣化天皇が数年間在位して欽明天皇が皇位承継しているが、欽明による皇位簒奪だったとする説もある。
- Emperor Keitai, Emperor Ankan, and Emperor Senka, succeeded to the throne for a few years followed by Emperor Kinmei, however there is a theory that it was because of usurpation of Imperial succession by Emperor Kinmei.
- 武門平氏は滅亡するが、皇位は滋子の産んだ高倉天皇の系統に受け継がれ、堂上平氏も「日記の家」として朝廷内に勢力を保った。
- After the Taira Samurai clan fell into ruin, Imperial succession was passed by Shigeko's son, Emperor Takakura to his line, the Tosho family of the Taira clan also remained and kept their forces in the Imperial Palace as 'the family of the diary.'
- とくに応神天皇から継体天皇にかけての名は概して素朴であり、ワカタケルのように明らかに生前の実名と証明されたものもある。
- Especially, the posthumous names from Emperor Ojin through Emperor Keitai are generally simple and there are ones such as Wakatakeru, which were clearly proven to be the real names when alive.
- 田中卓は、細かな規則を定めたのではなく、日本という国は代々天皇が受け継いで統治していくという大原則を定めた法だとした。
- Takashi TANAKA assumed that it was not a law to lay down detailed regulations, but to set up the basic principle that Japan was a country that would be successively ruled by the emperors.
- 天智天皇自身の世代までは兄弟間の継承が普通で、資格者が多く、しばしば武力でライバルを殺すことによって決着が付けられた。
- Until the generation of Emperor Tenchi himself, the succession had been commonly practiced between brothers, and naturally there are many eligible candidates, therefore the succession had been often settled by killing the rivals.
- 洋式家屋の一般となった現代では必ずしも必要ではないにもかかわらず、正座は日本人の伝統的な座り方として受け継がれている。
- Even though sitting in seiza style is not always necessary in modern times when most houses are built in a western style, the seiza style is passed from one generation to another as a traditional Japanese way of sitting.
- 農山漁村においては過疎化・高齢化が進み、地域の人々が培ってきた伝統的な文化が失われつつあり、その継承が危ぶまれている。
- In rural areas, populations are aging and decreasing, so traditional culture is being lost and it is unlikely to be passed on to future generations.
- 肥後竹林派は維新後一時絶えたが、その後旧熊本藩家老家で八代城主であった松井氏に相伝され、現在まで代々受け継がれている。
- Higo-Chikurin school was temporarily discontinued after the Imperial restoration, however, it was later inherited by the family of karo (chief retainer of daimyo - Japanese territorial lord) of the former Kumamoto Domain by the Matsui clan, which was the eighth owner of the castle, and it has succeeded from generation to generation up to the present time.
- 武者小路千家の家元は一翁の諱「宗守」を受け継ぎ、家元後嗣は「宗屋」、隠居してからは元伯の諱「宗安」を名乗る伝統である。
- By tradition of Mushanokoji-senke, its iemoto takes over the real name of 'Soshu' ICHIO, whereas, koshi (the successor) of iemoto is referred to as 'Soya' and the retired iemoto is referred to as 'Soan,' the real name of GENPAKU.
- 藤村家の本家十二屋は庸軒長男の恕堅から、途中養子を取りながら継承されたが、茶の系譜としては恕堅と松軒のみで絶えている。
- The original Juniya of the Fujimura family was succeeded by Joken, the first son of Yoken, and continued by employing adoption along the way, but the genealogy of tea preparation came to an end with only Joken and Shoken.
- Juniya, the main branch of the Fujimura family, was inherited by Joken, his eldest son, followed by an adopted child sometimes, but the lineage of its tea ceremony method did not continue after Joken and Shoken.
- また、武田信玄のように隠居せずに死去するまで実権を握り続け、次代の後継者作りや体制作りを忘れたがために滅びた例もある。
- Further, there is the example of Shingen TAKEDA who retained real power until his death and failed to mentor the next generation's successor to maintain the system, and was finally ruined.
- 床の間は、床を単独で配置するだけではなく、書院造の伝統を受け継ぎ廊下(採光)側に付書院、反対側に脇棚を備える事が多い。
- In tokonoma, toko is not only placed alone, but also frequently accompanied by tsukeshoin (a built-in table) at the corridor (daylighting) side, and by wakidana (shelves next to tokonoma) at the opposite side, in accordance with the tradition of Shoin-zukuri style.
- この結果、治天になれなければ、自らの子孫へ皇位継承できないことを意味しており、治天の座を獲得することは死活問題であった。
- As the result of this, it was necessary to become Chiten to pass the Imperial succession to his descendant, therefore it was a matter of life and death to obtain the position of Chiten.
- 歴史学界では、女性天皇は皇統(皇室の男子血統)の断絶を忌避し、男系での継承を維持したという「女帝中継ぎ論」が通説である。
- Throughout history, there is the generally known theory of 'female Emperor's temporarily succeeding' to avoided the discontinuation of the Imperial lineage (Imperial male line), and to keep the Imperial succession in the male line.
- 当時も、皇族女子が非皇族男子と結婚すれば必ず皇籍を離れねばならず、その間に生まれた子が皇位を継ぐことはなかったとされる。
- At that time, a female member of Imperial Family must abandon their membership in the imperial family if she marries a non-imperial family member, therefore her child never succeeds the throne.
- 884年(元慶8年)陽成天皇が退位したあとの皇位継承問題が生じた際に、即位を要請されたがこれを拒絶したと伝えられている。
- It is said that he was requested to accede the throne when Emperor Yozei retired in 884 and the problem of succession arose, but he refused it.
- 博恭王は当初、華頂宮家を継承していたが、伏見宮家の継嗣とされていた弟の邦芳王が病弱のため、伏見宮に復帰して継嗣となった。
- Initially Prince Hiroyasu succeeded the Kacho no Miya family, however his younger brother and successor of the Fushimi no Miya family, Prince Kunika was not well, Prince Hiroyasu returned to Fushimi no Miya to take over the family name.
- 日本国憲法では「皇位は、世襲のものであつて、國會(国会)の議決した皇室典範の定めるところにより、これを繼承(継承)する。
- According to the Constitution of Japan, Imperial succession is hereditary and it comes under Imperial Family Law which was decided upon by the Diet, Imperial succession will be conducted according to the Law.
- In the Constitution of Japan, it states that the 'Imperial Throne, which is hereditary, is succeeded under the rule of the Imperial House Act decided by the Diet'
- 父親の継体天皇は傍系出身であり、先々代仁賢天皇の皇女で、先代武烈天皇の姉(妹)である直系の手白香皇女を皇后に迎え入れた。
- Being a collateral descendant, Emperor Keitai, the father of Emperor Kinmei, selected Princess Tashiraka, a direct descendant as his Empress; she was princess of former Emperor Ninken as well as the sister of Emperor Buretsu.
- 享年には諸説あり、48(欽明天皇元年(540年)出生説)とも69(継体天皇13年(519年)出生説)とも伝えられている。
- There are several theories about his age at death, and he reportedly died at the age of either 48 (based on a theory that he was born in 540) or 69 (based on a theory that he was born in 519).
- 現在の歴史学界では、継体が応神の5世孫かどうかは不明とするが、中央豪族の支持を得て即位したのは事実とする説が有力である。
- Widely-accepted theory in the present Japanese historical community is that Keitai was enthroned with the approval of central ruling families, while the question of his origin as the fifth generation descendant of Emperor Ojin remains unsolved.
- 皇太子を指名することなく崩御したが、従兄弟の市辺押磐皇子(履中天皇の皇子)を皇位継承者に立てる腹積もりであったとされる。
- Although the Emperor passed away without designating the crown prince, it is considered that he planned to choose his cousin Ichinohe (or Ichinobe) no Oshiha no Miko (son of Emperor Richu) as his heir to the imperial throne.
- 詔では、天智天皇が「改めない常の典と初め賜い定め賜える法の随に」天日嗣高御座の業を継げと、元正天皇が聖武に命じたという。
- In the edict, Empress Gensho says that Emperor Tenchi ordered her to take the faculty of Imperial Sun Succession (Amatsuhitsugi) to the Imperial Throne (Takamikura) 'based on the spirit of the code firstly conceived and established,' and Empress Gensho ordered Seimu to succeed.
- 雪荷は、門下で道雪が最も優れていたので道統を継がせようとしたが、道雪は固辞し、別に一派を立てることを願い許されたという。
- Since Dosetsu was the most excellent disciple, Sekka tried to have him succeeded the doctrines, but Dosetsu firmly refused, wished to establish another sect and got permission to do so.
- 1683年には意中の皇位継承者であった朝仁親王(後の東山天皇)の立太子礼が行われ長く中断していた皇太子の称号を復活させた。
- In 1683 there was a ceremonial investiture of the crown prince, the Imperial Prince Asahito (later called Emperor Higashiyama), who was expected to ascend to the Imperial Throne; this brought back the title of Crown Prince, which had not been used for a long time.
- まず、平子鐸嶺は父の継体天皇の没年を『古事記』の527年(丁未年4月9日)とし、その後2年ずつ安閑・宣化が在位したとした。
- First, Takurei HIRAKO concluded that Emperor Keitai (Emperor Kinmei's father) died in 527 as written in Kojiki ('the Record of Ancient Matters'), and Emperor Ankan and Senka reigned as the Emperor for two years respectively.
- そのため、南都寺院とつながりが深い早良親王が遷都の阻止を目的として種継暗殺を企てたという疑いをかけられたとする見方もある。
- This is why some people think that Imperial Prince Sawara, who was close with Nanto-jiin (temples in Nara Prefecture), was alleged to have assassinated FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu in order to stop transferring the capital.
- これは山背大兄王を疎んじていた蘇我入鹿と、皇位継承における優位を画策する諸皇族の思惑が一致したからこそ出来た事件であろう。
- Further incidents could have occurred because of the tensions between SOGA no Iruka who disfavored Prince Yamashiro no oe and the imperial families who wanted to have an advantage in the succession to the throne.
- 不改常典が直系皇位継承を定めていたのなら、それを拠りどころにして文武立太子・即位の正当性を主張することができたはずである。
- If Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten had instituted the direct line imperial succession, he would have alleged the legitimacy for his investiture of the Crown was based on it.
- 斉明天皇の死後に間人皇女が先々代の天皇の妃として皇位を継いでいたのであるが、何らかの事情で記録が抹消されたという説である。
- There is a theory that Hashihito no Himemiko ascended the throne as the princess of the previous Emperor but one and became an Empress after the death of Empress Saimei; however, for some reason her name was erased from the record.
- これは、古来からの菩提寺と檀家の関係が現代まで引き継がれた結果のもので、純粋な宗教行事というより、習俗化したものといえる。
- This resulted from the fact that a relationship between a family temple and a Buddhist parishioner was continued from ancient times to modern times, and is considered to have been popularized and have become a custom rather than just as a pure religious event.
- 沖縄県はかつて日本産昆布を中国に輸出するための中継地点であったことから、昆布を利用する食文化が生まれ昆布消費量が多かった。
- As Okinawa Prefecture used to be a relay exchange point to export kelp produced in Japan to China, a food culture of using kelp for cooking was produced, which resulted in high kelp consumption.
- 特に、家督を継げない次男、三男にとっては入り婿先に招かれる重要な機会であるだけに、自己の逞しさを演出する唯一の場であった。
- Especially for the second and third sons in a family who could not succeed the family estate, it was an important chance to be invited by the families who were looking for irimuko, and was also the only chance to show their sturdiness.
- 奈良県奈良市内では、多くの家々がこの風習を今でも受け継いでいて、ごく普通に柊鰯が見られるが、京都府京都市内では見かけない。
- In Nara City, Nara Prefecture many families still follow this tradition and Hiiragi-iwashi is quite a common sight, but in Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture you seldom see Hiiragi-iwashi.
- 好古斎の長男は松尾流を継ぐべく大徳寺狐篷庵で禅の修行をしたのだが、一旦は名古屋に戻ったもののとうとう禅僧となってしまった。
- The eldest son of Kokosai performed ascetic practices of Zen at Kohoan, Daitoku-ji Temple, in order to succeed the Matsuo-ryu school, but, once he returned to Nagoya after Zen practices, he became a Zen priest.
- 文久2年12月23日(1863年2月11日)、異母弟・桂宮節仁親王の没後空主となっていた桂宮家を継承し、第12代桂宮となる。
- After her half younger brother, Imperial Prince Katsuranomiya Misahito died on February 11, 1863, since there was no one to succeed to the head of the Katsuranomiya family, Imperial Princess Katsuranomiya Sumiko succeeded to become the twelfth family head of the Katsuranomiya family.
- その後、広義門院は皇位継承・人事・荘園処分・儀礼など様々な政務に対し精力的に取り組み、治天の君としての役割を十分に果たした。
- Afterward, Kogimonin energetically worked on various government practices such as imperial succession, human affairs, estate disposal, rituals, and played a role as Chiten no kimi to the fullest.
- 称徳崩御による皇統断絶の危機に際して大臣らは協議を行い、その結果、天智の孫に当たる年配の光仁天皇が皇位承継することとなった。
- After Emperor Shotoku died, there was an incident of the discontinuity in the Imperial line, the Ministers had a meeting and it was decided for elderly Emperor Konin, who was the grandchild of Emperor Tenji, to succeed to the throne.
- また、大伴金村は任那4県を賄賂と引き換えに割譲したことではなく、彼ら庶兄を推したために後継者争いに敗れて失脚したと主張した。
- Also Kuroiwa insisted that OTOMO no Kanamura lost his position not because he ceded four provinces in Mimana for exchange of bribe but because he failed in the fight on deciding the successor by recommending these illegitimate older half-brothers of him.
- 源義忠の後を継いだ源為義が効果的な施策を打ち出せずにいた一方、白河院の寵愛を受けた伊勢平氏傍流の平正盛が地位を固めていった。
- While MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, who succeeded MINAMOTO no Yoshitada, was unable to implement effective measures, TAIRA no Masamori, a branch of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) who won the favor of Retired Emperor Shirakawa, solidified his position.
- 通例であれば、次期皇位承継者が決定されると同時に、もしくは日を改めて速やかに立太子礼が開かれ、次期皇位継承者は皇太子になる。
- Normally, when the next heir to the Imperial Throne is determined, the ceremonial investiture of the Crown Prince is carried out at the same time or immediately after a few days and the heir becomes Crown Prince.
- 伊勢 継子(いせ の つぎこ、宝亀3年(772年) - 弘仁3年7月6日 (旧暦)(812年8月16日))は、平城天皇の妃。
- ISE no Tsugiko (born 772, died July 6, 812 (old lunar calendar) (August 16, 812)) was the wife of Emperor Heizei.
- しかしながら、この場合ソメイヨシノの遺伝子特性を強く継いだとしても遺伝子的特性が変化してしまい、ソメイヨシノとは別種になる。
- However, in this case, even if it has strongly inherited the genetic characteristics of Someiyoshino, the genetic characteristics will change and it will become a type other than Someiyoshino.
- 時代が安定してくると、帳台構えは本来の機能上の役割があいまいとなり、地位権力権威を象徴する、装飾形式として継承されていった。
- In periods of political stability, the original function of chodai-gamae became unclear and had been used as an ornamental form of room to symbolize status, power, and authority.
- 日本武術では柳生氏など家元制もあるが、おおむね最もその道に長け人物ともに申し分ない高弟の中から免許皆伝者を選びを継承される。
- In the Japanese martial arts, families such as the Yagyu Clan have maintained the Iemoto system but, in general, a highly trained student is made a full master and inherits leadership of the ryuha.
- これらは、南北朝合一の約束であった両統迭立を死文化し、持明院統による皇位継承を既成事実化するための将軍足利義満の意向であった。
- This was planned by Shogun, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA who tried to cancel the mutual agreement of Ryoto tetsuritsu between the Southern and the Northern Courts, and to make the Imperial succession of the Jimyoin Imperial line become an existing fact.
- 北朝は、幕府の擁護を受けて、従来どおりの院政を継続したが、南朝では後村上天皇以降、関白こそは復活させたものの天皇親政を貫いた。
- The Northern Court had the support from the Ashikaga shogunate and continued ruling the Cloister government the same as before, on the other hand, in the Southern Court, after the era of Emperor Gomurakami, although the position of Chancellor had returned to the Palace, the Emperor continued to directly rule the government.
- 後白河の後、皇位継承者は非常に多くの系統に分かれたが、後白河が院=治天の君として君臨し続け、むしろ皇統は安定していたといえる。
- After the era of Emperor Goshirakawa, the successors to the Imperial throne were from many different Imperial lines, but Emperor Goshirakawa continued to rule the government as In (Chiten no Kimi, the retired emperor), due to this the Imperial line was, in a way, secured.
- 半官の逐条解説書『皇室典範義解』も、旧皇室典範第1条の男系継承規定について「皇家の成法」「不文の常典」であるとするのみである。
- 'Koshitsutenpan gige,' the official clause-by-clause descriptions, just states the Male-line Succession Provision in Article 1 of the old Imperial Family Law was defined pursuant to `Established Law of Imperial Family,' `Unchangeable unwritten law.'
- また、元正天皇への継承は、幼かった皇太子首皇子(聖武天皇・第42代文武天皇の皇子・元明天皇の頃に立太子)の即位が前提であった。
- The succession to Emperor Gensho was based on the condition of the accession of young Prince Obito (the Prince of Emperor Shomu and the forty-second Emperor Monmu; he became a Prince during the era of Emperor Genmei) to the imperial throne.
- その一方で藤原薬子を呼び戻して内侍司に任じて宮廷内部の事を一任し、『続日本紀』から削除した藤原種継暗殺事件の記述を復活させた。
- On the other hand, he called back FUJIWARA no Kusuko to the Imperial Palace and ordered her to become Naishi no Tsukasa, and she was entrusted with the handling of day-to-day things in the palace; additionally, the Emperor restored an article of the incident FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu being killed from 'Shoku Nihon GI (Continuation of Chronicles of Japan).'
- それは綱吉が近衛基熙を嫌う一因となっていた徳川家宣(綱吉の甥で基熙の娘婿)と和解して自己の後継者に指名した事で拍車がかかった。
- After Tsunayoshi reconciled with Ienobu TOKUGAWA (the nephew of Tsunayoshi and husband of Motohiro's daughter), which was the reason that Tsunayoshi did not like Motohiro KONOE, he appointed Ienobu as his successor, which made it more apparent that the government of Edo would support the Imperial Court.
- 皇位の継承について日本国憲法第2条で「皇位は、世襲のものであつて、国会の議決した皇室典範の定めるところにより、これを繼承する。
- In terms of Imperial Succession, it says in Clause 2 of the Constitution of Japan, 'the Imperial Throne is hereditary and the Throne will be succeeded under the Imperial Family Law decided by the Diet.
- また足羽神社の近くにある足羽山公園には継体天皇を模した巨大な石像が坂井市を見下ろすように建っており、観光スポットとなっている。
- In the Asuwayama park near Asuwa-jinja Shrine, there stands the giant stone statue of Emperor Keitai, overlooking the Sakai City and attracting tourists.
- それは、長屋王の持つ有力な皇位継承権者としての立場ともあいまって、わが子を強く哀惜する聖武天皇に長屋王への不信感を生じさせた。
- Since Prince Nagaya was in a strong position as a successor to the Imperial Throne, the rumor made Emperor Shomu, who deeply mourned over his son's death, distrust Prince Nagaya.
- 直木は後に仮託説を捨てたが、仮託というアイデアは、直系・嫡系皇位継承法説からも、これを否定する立場からも引き続き参考にされた。
- NAOKI, later discarded the pretext theory, but the idea of pretext was succeeded by the supporters of the direct line imperial succession code theory and the legitimate child imperial succession code theory, as well as, those who denied the theory.
- しかし、鎌倉殿の後継であった源実朝の他に源頼朝直系の源氏嫡流の子孫がいないことや、実朝自身に子がないことから源氏将軍が絶えた。
- However, the Minamoto clan Shogun died out for the reasons; there was no descendant from the main line of the Minamoto clan apart from MINAMOTO no Sanetomo who succeeded Kamakura-dono; Sanetomo had no children.
- 石上神宮の伝承によると、五十瓊敷入彦命は石上神宮の拝殿から東南の隣地に住み、老衰したので、妹の大中姫に祭祀を継がせようとした。
- According to the legend transmitted at Ishigami-jinja Shrine, Inishikiiribiko no mikoto was living next to Ishigami-jinja Shrine, in the premises situated to the southeast of the haiden (hall of worship), and when he got senile, he wanted his younger sister Onakatsuhime to take the charge of the religious service.
- しかしながら子の高階茂範(持統天皇の仍孫)は養子を取り家督を継がせているため、彼を最後に持統天皇の系統は断絶することになった。
- However, his child, Shigenori TAKASHINA (the Empress Jito's great-great-great-great-great grandchild) had the position of family head succeeded to his adopted child, so the Imperial line of the Empress Jito ended at his generation.
- 戦後の昭和20年(1945年)、平井は大日本武徳会合気道を受け継ぐとして「光輪洞合気道」を興すが、植芝流とは別系統としている。
- After the war in 1945, Hirai established 'Korindo aikido' to pass down Dai Nippon Butoku-kai aikido, and it was considered a separate lineage from Ueshiba school.
- 上越地域におけるワイン醸造は「日本のワイン葡萄の父」とも称せられる川上善兵衛の偉業を引き継ぐ明治以来の国産ワインの伝統を誇る。
- In wine production in the Joetsu region, there has been a tradition of Japanese wine since the Meiji period, inheriting achievements of Zenbei KAWAKAMI who is also called 'the father of Japanese grape for wine.'
- 主にその流派の形の名、口伝、奥義や秘伝を記し、師匠が流派の後継者、あるいは目録、免許を与えた者に限って授けるような書物である。
- It is a manuscript that included the structure of that school, oral lesson, methods, or secret techniques that granted to an heir or the one who received mokuroku (a certificate of the completion of the art) or a permit from the master.
- 重賢の後は嫡子重政(助左衛門・出雲守、号 一鴎)(文明 (日本) 16年(1484) - 永禄12年(1569))が継承した。
- His the only son Shigemasa (1484 - 1569) (Sukezaemon, Izumo no kami (chief of Izumo Province), his title was Ichio) who succeeded after Shigetaka.
- しかし、旧皇室典範は、皇族に養子を認めていなかったため(第42条)、邦英王は東伏見宮家を皇族としては継承することができなかった。
- However, because Former Imperial House Act did not permit Imperial families to adopt a child (article 42), Prince Kunihide was not allowed to succeed the Higashifushiminomiya family as a member of Miyake (house of an imperial prince).
- これに不満を抱いた平城は大兄である自分の直系に皇位継承することを企図して、一旦、嵯峨へ譲位して自身の子、高岳親王を皇太子とした。
- Emperor Heizei opposed this and tried to have his eldest brother in his direct Imperial line, succeed to the throne, after that he passed the throne to Emperor Saga and allowed his own son, Imperial Prince Takaoka to become Crown Prince.
- 長女の李方子は李氏朝鮮最後の皇太子で後に李王家を継承した李垠(イ・ウン)と結婚し、戦後は大韓民国に渡り、福祉事業などに尽くした。
- His oldest daughter, Masako Yi married to Yi Unn who was the last Prince of the Yi Dynasty Korea and succeeded to the Yi Imperial family, and she went to the Republic of Korea after the War and contributed to welfare work, etc.
- これには自らの息子に皇位を継がせたい帝の意思と、それを利用して甥である道康を立太子させたい藤原良房の陰謀があったと言われている。
- It is said that this incident happened because the Emperor wanted his son to succeed the throne; on the other hand, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa used the Emperor's intentions and formed a plot against him in order that his nephew Michiyasu could succeed to the throne.
- 両親王とも、皇位を継承する可能性があったが、当時の持明院統と大覚寺統の両統迭立の情勢に翻弄され、実際には皇位に就く事がなかった。
- Both Princes had the possibility to succeed to the throne, however the situation was tossed about by the Ryoto Tetsuritsu (sharing Imperial succession) between the Jimyo-in Imperial line and the Daikakuji Imperial line, and they did not have the chance to become Emperors after all.
- なお、継体天皇の死後、安閑天皇・宣化天皇の朝廷と欽明天皇の朝廷が並立していた、あるいは内乱があったという説がある(詳細は後述)。
- IIn addition, there is a theory in that after Emperor passed away the Imperial Court of the Emperor Ankan/Emperor Senka and the court of Emperor coexisted side by side or there was a domestic conflict (the details will be addressed later).
- 宮子は孫の孝謙天皇が即位すると太皇太后の称号を贈られたが、そのまま天平勝宝6年(754年)の死去まで継続して中宮職に奉仕された。
- Miyako was given a title of Grand Empress Dowager when her grandchild Empress Koken was enthroned, and continued to be served by Chugushiki until her death in 754.
- 立太子(りったいし)とは、広く東アジアにおいて広まった儀礼で、中国の皇帝や日本の天皇の皇子を跡継ぎとして皇太子に立てる事である。
- Rittaishi (the investiture of Crown Prince) is a ceremony prevailed in East Asia to officially designate an heir of Chinese or Japanese Emperor as Crown Prince for prospective enthronement.
- 当今の弟が次期継承者である場合には、皇太弟(こうたいてい)、また当今の孫である場合は皇太孫(こうたいそん)と呼ばれる場合がある。
- If a younger brother of the current emperor is the next heir to the Imperial Throne, he is called kotaitei (the younger brother of an Emperor who is heir apparent), and if he is a grandson of the current emperor, he is called kotaison (grandson of an Emperor who is heir apparent).
- 和泉流においても十九世宗家の和泉元秀の嫡男である和泉元彌の宗家継承が認められず、最終的に能楽協会退会に追い込まれる事態となった。
- In the Izumi school, succession to Soke by Motoya IZUMI, who is the heir of the 19th Soke Motohide IZUMI, was not accepted, and the Izumi school was consequently forced to withdraw from the Nohgaku Performers' Association.
- すなわち師に対して帰依しその教義を受け継いでいくという姿が、家元に入門して秘技相伝を受けるという形式の原型となったと考えられる。
- More specifically, becoming an iemoto disciple and passing on secret techniques is thought to be based on the pattern of becoming a follower of a Buddhist priest and transmitting the teachings.
- 現在も数件だが『浅草橋の鮒佐』や『柳橋の小松屋』など、職人の技により手造りの本物の佃煮が日本の食文化として今に受け継がれている。
- These days at a few establishments such as 'Funasa Co. Ltd. of Asakusabashi' and 'Yanagibashi Komatsuya,' etc., the authentic hand made Tsukudani produced by skilled artisans is testament to the heritage of Japanese cuisine that has been handed on to this day.
- しかしこうした作家の顕彰行為は、一面としては文化勲章や重要無形文化財制度、あるいは日本芸術院会員への認定などに引き継がれている。
- However, the system for honoring craftspeople is partially succeeded by the systems such as Order of Culture, Important Intangible Cultural Property, recognition as a member of the Japan Art Academy, and so on.
- かたわらでは、鴻池善右衛門や奈良流など各地の造り酒屋や杜氏の流派が、僧坊酒の技術に改良を加えながらこれを承継していくことになる。
- On the other hand, the sake breweries and schools of toji such as Zenemon KONOIKE and the Nara school succeeded this by improving the techniques of Soboshu.
- また「八千代獅子」「難波獅子」(継橋検校作曲)などでは、各段が同じ長さを持ち、ほとんど同じ旋律または変奏になっているものがある。
- Also, in pieces such as 'Yachiyojishi' and 'Naniwajishi' (by Kengyo TSUGUHASHI), the stages have the same length and consist of almost the same melodies or variations.
- 織田貞置は織田信長の9男織田信貞の次男で1000石の旗本であったが、織田長好の没後に有楽流を継承し高家として多くの門弟を抱えた。
- Sadaoki ODA was the second son of Nobusada ODA, who was the ninth son of Nobunaga ODA, and was Hatamoto (direct retainer of the shogun) holding 10,000 koku (180.39 cubic meters) as his territory, and after the death of Nagayoshi ODA, Sadaoki inherited the Uraku school and had many disciples as koke (privileged family under Tokugawa Shogunate).
- 当時は、一つの血統が倭国王位を継いだのではなく、複数の有力な豪族たちの間で倭国王位が継承されたとする考え(連合王権説)も見られる。
- Back then, an idea stating that not only one blood line succeeded the throne of Wakoku, but the throne was succeeded in between plural powerful ruling families (theory of joint sovereignty) can also be seen.
- 二条天皇の死後に、政治の実権を奪われていた後白河が清盛と手を結んで、甥から叔父へと言う不自然な皇位継承を実現させたと言われている。
- After Emperor Nijo died, Goshirakawa, who lost his political power, worked together with Kiyomori, and it is said that Imperial succession was passed from his nephew to his uncle in an unusual way.
- 尚、この時に先々帝後桜町天皇は皇嗣継承のために伏見宮と接触、近衛内前と共に貞敬親王を推薦したが、貞敬親王が皇位に就く事は無かった。
- At that time, Emperor Gosakuramachi, who had been in power for the past two generations, had made contact with Fushiminomiya to succeed to the throne, whereupon he and Uchisaki KONOE recommended Imperial Prince Sadayoshi; however, there was no chance for Imperial Prince Sadayoshi to be a successor to the Imperial Throne.
- いずれにしても、皇位継承争いに敗れた皇族が、皇位を確保した本家に政治的に対抗するかたちで分家を創立する、というパターンは共通する。
- Both Imperial families had a similar tendency to establish a branch family of the future generations after losing the battle of Imperial succession and trying to go against the main Miyake.
- 第3代伏見宮貞成親王(さだふさしんのう)の王子彦仁王が称光天皇の崩御後、正長元年(1428年)に後花園天皇となって皇位を継承した。
- After Emperor Shoko died, the third Fushiminomiya Imperial Prince Sadafusa's Prince, Prince Hikohito became Emperor Gohanazono to succeed to the throne in 1428.
- それらの試みは旧来の豪族たちの抵抗により一気に進展はしなかったが、最終的には、天武天皇及びその後継者によって完結することとなった。
- Such trials did not progress at once because of resistance from the local ruling families, but finally, they were completed by Emperor Tenmu and his successors.
- さきに、日本国憲法及び皇室典範の定めるところによって皇位を継承しましたが、ここに即位礼正殿の儀を行い、即位を内外に宣明いたします。
- Imperial Throne was succeeded in advance under the provision of the Constitution of Japan and the Imperial House Act, and here, I hold the Enthronement Ceremony and announce the enthronement in and around.
- 「天日嗣高御座」は天皇が居る場所を指し、その業は皇位そのものか、皇位について行う統治のことで、継承方法のことではないと考えられる。
- Amatsuhitsugi Takamikura (Imperial Sun Succession to the Imperial Throne)' indicates the position that the emperor assumes, and his faculty is the Imperial Throne itself or the administration that the emperor undertakes assuming the Imperial Throne, and it is not supposed to be the rule of succession.
- フェノロサは1890年に帰国後その初代日本部長となり、岡倉はその後を引き継いで1910年、ボストン美術館中国・日本美術部長となる。
- In 1890, Fenollosa, after returning to United States from Japan, was installed as the first head of the Japanese Art Division of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and in 1910 Okakura succeeded him as head of the Oriental Division.
- また別に、金子有鄰の六郎家堅氏を師範として日本古式弓馬術協会(武田流鎌倉派)が結成され、弓馬軍礼武田家の道統を受継ぎ活動している。
- Besides, having Rokuroietaka from Yurin KANEKO as a Master, Japanese Traditional Archery on Horseback Association was established (Takeda-ryu Kamakura school) and they inherits and performs the tradition of Kyuba-gunrei Takeda family.
- 関西の商家では外部から頻繁に有能な入婿を迎えて家を継がせる女系相続が行われたため、自然発生的に女系に伝わる紋が生まれたといわれる。
- It is said that the Mon succeeding in the female line was created naturally because in the merchant families of the Kansai area the talented daughter's husband often inherited the family business.
- だが、後醍醐天皇は父である後宇多上皇の「皇位は後二条天皇の子孫に継承させて、後醍醐天皇の子孫には相続させない」という方針に反発する。
- However Emperor Godaigo opposed his father, the Retired Emperor Gouda's policy, 'Imperial succession would be succeeded by the descendants of Emperor Gonijo and the descendants of Emperor Godaigo were not allowed to succeed to the throne.'
- しかし、1412年に称光天皇が即位するに際して迭立再開の条件は撤回されることとなり、後小松天皇の直系子孫による皇位継承が宣言された。
- However after Emperor Shoko succeeded to the throne in 1412, the agreement to restart sharing the Imperial throne was cancelled, there was a declaration for Emperor Gokomatsu's direct descendants to succeed to the throne.
- 南朝側は北朝の断絶を図って、光厳上皇・光明上皇・崇光上皇及び直仁親王と北朝側の全上皇と皇位継承者を拉致し、大和賀名生へと連れ去った。
- The force of the Southern Court aimed at the discontinuance of the Northern Court, and abducted Retired Emperor Kogon, Retired Emperor Komyo, Retired Emperor Suko, Imperial Prince Naohito, all other Retired Emperors and imperial heir to Ano in Yamato Province.
- このため治仁王の跡を継いだ貞成王に兄を毒殺した嫌疑がかけられたが、後小松上皇や4代将軍足利義持への弁明が功を奏して安堵を受けている。
- Prince Sadafusa who succeeded to his older brother, Prince Haruhito, was under the suspicion of killing his brother with poison, but he was released since the Retired Emperor Gokomatsu and the fourth Shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA did a favor and made an alibi for Prince Sadafusa.
- 旧皇室典範がはじめて男系の継承原理を成文法とし、現在の皇室典範もこれを踏襲したが、戦前も戦後も政府としての公式解釈は存在していない。
- In the old Imperial Family Law, the principle of male-line succession was established as a written law, and the current Imperial Family Law also followed it; the official interpretation of it by the government doesn't exist before/after War.
- 父親・草壁皇子は皇太子であったが即位しておらず、天皇である母親から皇位を継承している事から、元正天皇は女系天皇であるという説である。
- The theory is that his father, Prince Kusakabe didn't ascend the imperial throne although he was a Prince, which means he succeeded to the imperial throne from his mother; the Emperor, leading to the theory; Emperor Gensho is a Female-line Emperor.
- さて、関ヶ原の戦い直後、兄の後陽成天皇は当初皇位継承者とされていた実子の覚深法親王を廃して弟に当たる智仁親王に皇位を譲ろうと考えた。
- Immediately after the Battle of Sekigahara, his older brother, Emperor Goyozei planned to dismiss his son, monk-Imperial Prince Kakujin who was supposed to be the heir and transfer the imperial throne to his younger brother, Imperial Prince Toshihito.
- 奈良時代の皇統(天皇の血筋)が断絶したことを教訓として、平安時代には安定した皇位継承のため、多くの皇子をもうけることがよく行われた。
- Learning from the experience of Imperial blood in the Nara period being discontinued, in the Heian period the Imperial Family had many male children as potential successors of the Princes to secure Imperial succession.
- 但し、この事件の背景には恭仁京遷都や義弟・安積親王への皇位継承などを巡っての義父・聖武天皇との政治的な対立の可能性も指摘されている。
- As a background of this incident, the possibility of political confrontation with his father-in-law, Emperor Shomu has been pointed out in relation to the transfer of the capital to Kuni-kyo and giving the right of succession to the Imperial Throne to his younger brother-in-law, Prince Asaka.
- 764年、皮肉にもかつて塩焼王の皇位継承を阻んだその藤原仲麻呂(恵美押勝)に擁立されて天皇となるべく反乱(藤原仲麻呂の乱)を起こす。
- In 764, he raised a rebellion (Rebellion of Fujiwara no Nakamaro) to succeed to the throne being helped, ironically, by FUJIWARA no Nakamaro (EMI no Oshikatsu) who had once obstructed a possible succession of Prince Shioyaki to the Imperial Throne.
- よって、前段の不改常典は祖母から孫への譲位と共同統治を正当化する法であり、後段の不改常典は食国の法でその継続を願うという文脈である。
- Therefore, Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten mentioned in the former part is the law that justifies the succession of the throne from the grandmother to the grandchild and their shared rule, while Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten mentioned in the latter part are noted as the law of the nation's governance, and is used in a context in which the empress wishes it's effect to continue.
- 1928年1月12日から日本放送協会のラジオ放送による大相撲中継がはじまった際、放送時間内に勝負を納めるため土俵に仕切り線を設けた。
- When radio broadcasting of the grand sumo tournaments was started by NHK in January 12, 1928, Sikiri-sen (starting lines) was added to the dohyo to cause the bouts to be completed within the broadcasting time.
- 男児が女児よりも早く祝うのは後継者としての意味合いもあるが、医療技術が発達する現代までは女児よりも男児の生存率が低かったためである。
- The reason that boys are celebrated earlier than girls is that along with the implication that boys generally become successors in families, there was the fact that the survival rate of boys was less than girls until modern breakthroughs in medical technologies had developed.
- 現在では東京に数名、関西には1名しかおらず絶滅寸前の職業とまで言われ、後継者の減少から伝承されてきた「お座敷芸」が失伝されつつある。
- Currently, this profession is said to be on the verge of extinction because there are few Hokan in Tokyo and only one in Kansai area, and 'party tricks' that have been handed down generations are being lost due to decrease of successors.
- 日置弾正の高弟の一人に吉田重賢がおり、以後主に吉田氏により継承されたので吉田流ともいうが、現在では一部を除き日置流と呼ぶ場合が多い。
- One of the best pupils of Danjo HEKI was Shigekata YOSHIDA; thereafter, the teachings were chiefly succeeded to the Yoshida clan, and it was also known as the Yoshida style, however now, except for a certain segment, it is often called the Heki school.
- 表千家の家元は四代である江岑の諱「宗左」を受け継ぎ、家元後嗣(若宗匠)は「宗員」、隠居してからは元伯の諱「宗旦」を名乗る伝統である。
- By tradition of Omote-senke, its iemoto takes over the real name of KOSHIN that is 'Sosa,' whereas, koshi (the successor) of iemoto is referred to as 'Soin' and the retired iemoto is referred to as 'Sotan,' the real name of GENPAKU.
- 正統な弓馬礼法の継承者として、明治神宮や熱田神宮、伊勢神宮、靖国神社、鶴岡八幡宮などで、年間四十回以上の公的な神事を執り行っている。
- He is the official successor of the arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy and holds over 40 public rituals a year at shrines including Meiji-jingu Shrine, Atsuta-jingu Shrine, Ise-jingu Shrine, Yasukuni-jinja Shrine and Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine.
- これは、サリカ法典やその影響を受けた部族法などにおける男子のみ土地を相続するという規定が、後世に王位継承法として援用されたためである。
- This is because the provision in Lex salica, or tribal law that is affected by Lex salica, that land is succeeded by only the male was used as an Act of Settlement.
- そのため、昭和天皇崩御に伴う皇太子明仁親王の皇位継承儀式、及び即位の礼は、廃止された旧登極令及び同附式を踏襲する形で執り行われている。
- Therefore, the Succession ceremony and the enthronement ceremony of Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Akihito to succeed to the throne after Emperor Showa died, was arranged to follow the law of former Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne and 同附式.
- 志計志麻呂の記録はなく、土佐で死去したと思われるが、弟とされる川継が入れ替わるように史書に登場するため、両者を同一人物とする説もある。
- As there is no record of Shikeshimaro found, it is assumed that he died in Tosa Province, but Kawatsugu, supposed to be his brother, appeared in the historical book as if replacing Shikeshimaro, so that some theories claim that the two of them were the same person.
- 不改常典は皇位継承についての規定だが、誰がつくかを指定したものではなく、前天皇が後継者を指名して選ぶことを定めたものだとする説である。
- This is the theory arguing that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten is a code to rule imperial succession, however, it does not decide who should take the Throne but establishes the practice in which the former emperor appoints and chooses his successor.
- また、南北朝時代 (日本)から江戸時代中期にかけては、次期皇位継承者が決定されている場合であっても、「皇太子」にならないこともあった。
- In the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) to the mid Edo period, the next heir to the Imperial Throne often did not become 'crown prince' even if he was determined.
- またそれぞれ、五鬼継(ごきつぐ)、五鬼熊(ごきくま)、五鬼上(ごきじょう)、五鬼助(ごきじょ)、五鬼童(ごきどう)の5家の祖となった。
- They also became the founders of the five families, Gokitsugu, Gokikuma, Gokijoh, Gokijo and Gokido respectively.
- このため、子供の頃から運行に直接参加させて祭に親しませ、後継者を育成していくために、本来の山笠とは別に子供山笠を運行している祭も多い。
- For this reason, kodomo yamakasa are moved separately from actual yamakasa in many festivals so that children can become familiar with a festival by participating from a young age, which contributes to the training of successors for the festival.
- 家康も秀忠に将軍職を譲った後、側近中の側近である本多正信と大久保忠隣などを守役としてつけて、秀忠の後継者としての養育に当たらせている。
- Also after Ieyasu handed over his position to Hidetada, he designated the closest retainers, Masanobu HONDA and Tadachika OKUBO as supporters of successor Hidetada and let them build him up.
- この後も義持が足利義量に、足利義政が足利義尚に将軍職を譲りながらも実権を保持したが、これらは将軍後継を確定させる意図によるものである。
- After that, Yoshimochi handed over the shogunship to Yoshikazu ASHIKAGA and Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA did the same to Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA while retaining the real power, all these were aimed at establishing the succession of shoguns.
- 『古事記』、『日本書紀』にはさまざまな造作が加えられているとされるが、その問題の1つには天皇が男系で継承されてきたように記した点である。
- Various falsifications seemed to be made in the 'Kojiki' and the 'Nihonshoki,' and one of the problems arising from the falsifications is that the imperial line was indicated as if it had been succeeded by Male-line Emperors.
- 久寿2年(1155年)近衛天皇が死去すると、美福門院の養子となっていた二条天皇即位までの中継ぎとして、立太子しないまま29歳で即位した。
- After Emperor Konoe died in 1155, Emperor Goshirakawa was enthroned without becoming Crown Prince, when he was twenty nine years old, he was enthroned temporarily until Emperor Nijo's enthronement who was an adopted child of Bifukumon in.
- 書院、茶屋、庭園などの造営は、八条宮家2代の智忠(としただ)親王(1619年 - 1662年)に引き継がれ、数十年間をかけて整備された。
- The construction work of the Shoin, tea house, and the garden was passed to the second Hachijo no Miya Imperial Prince Toshitada (1619 - 1662), and the buildings were maintained for a few decades.
- ところが、承応3年(1654年)後光明天皇が22歳の若さで崩御したときに天皇の近親の皇族男子は殆ど出家していて、その後継問題で紛糾した。
- However, in 1654, since Emperor Gokomyo died when he was just twenty two years old, most of the Imperial male relatives of the Emperor had gone into the priesthood, so, who would succeed to the throne became a complicated issue.
- 大覚寺統と持明院統の間で激しい後継争いが続いていた時期で、天皇の即位には祖父の亀山天皇の鎌倉幕府への強い働きかけがあったといわれている。
- There was a severe struggle for Imperial succession between the Daikakuji-to Imperial line and the Jimyo-in Imperial line during this period, and it is said the Emperor's grandfather, Emperor Kameyama, worked hard for the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to allow the Emperor to succeed to the throne.
- 桓武の後は、桓武長子の平城天皇が皇位継承し、その遺志に従う形で病弱であった平城の次にはその弟の神野親王(後の嵯峨天皇)が皇太弟に立った。
- After Emperor Kanmu's era, his eldest son, Emperor Heizei succeeded to the throne, his younger brother, Imperial Prince Kamino (later called Emperor Gosaga) became the second successor to the Crown Prince by following the Emperor's will after the Emperor Heizei, who was born weak.
- なお、継承された神器(天叢雲剣及び八咫鏡)は複製品であるので、時機を見て本物が奉られている伊勢神宮と熱田神宮へ即位奉告を行うことになる。
- Since replicas were used for sacred treasure (Ama no murakumo no tsurugi and Yata no kagami (the sacred mirror)), the enthronement of the new emperor will be reported to Ise-jingu Shrine and Atsuta-jingu Shrine where the real sacred treasures are enthroned.
- 奈良時代に入った後、文武天皇も皇位継承者である首皇子(後の聖武天皇)が成人する前に没したため、元明天皇と元正天皇の2人の女帝が後継した。
- After the beginning of the Nara period, since Emperor Monmu died before his successor, Prince Obito (later called Emperor Shomu) came of age, two Empresses, Empress Genmei and Empress Gensho, succeeded to the throne.
- 応永23年(1416年)11月20日栄仁親王没、翌24年(1417年)2月11日に栄仁親王の後を継いだ治仁王も急死し、貞成が後継となる。
- On December 18, 1416, after Imperial Prince Yoshihito died, Prince Haruhito, who succeeded Imperial Prince Yoshihito, also suddenly died in the following year, on March 8, 1417, and finally Sadafusa became the successor.
- だが、蝦夷から山背大兄王に対して自重を求める意見をされたこともあって皇位は田村皇子が継承することとなり、629年に即位(舒明天皇)する。
- However, since Emishi called for prudence by Prince Yamashiro no oe, Prince Tamura (Emperor Jomei) inherited the throne.
- 画家の山元春挙と造園家の本位政五郎が造った大津市の蘆花浅水荘は文人風の庭といわれ、これを継いだという小島佐一にも京都市の川田邸の庭がある
- Rokasensui-so (Rokasensui country house) in Otsu City was created by a painter, Shunkyo YAMAMOTO together with gardener Seigoro MOTOI, and was said to be a garden of literary taste, and Saichi KOJIMA who took over the style produced the Kawada Residence garden in Kyoto City.
- 天武から称徳に至るまでの皇位継承のルールは(承継すべき者が未成人などの場合には女帝が中継することもあったが)、原則として直系承継であった。
- As a principle rule of the Imperial succession during the period between Emperor Tenmu and Emperor Shotoku was to succeed the throne from the direct Imperial line. (There was an example of having an Empress in case of the appropriate successor was too young to succeed to the throne.)
- 好仁親王には後嗣が無く、後水尾天皇の第6皇子で親王の甥に当たる良仁親王(ながひとしんのう)が第2代を継承し、花町宮または、桃園宮と称した。
- Since Imperial Prince Yoshihito did not have any children, the Prince's nephew and Emperor Goyozei's sixth Prince, Imperial Prince Nagahito, succeeded to the second generation of the family, and was named Hanamachinomiya or Momozononomiya.
- 皇嗣に、不治の重患または重大な事故があるために、皇位継承の順序を変えたときの登録に関しては、新旧令に大きな違いはない(旧28条、現4条)。
- As for register in the case where the order of succession to the Imperial Throne was changed due to Crown Prince's fatal disease or serious accident, there is no major difference between the old and new Kotofu Rei (the old Article 28, the existing Article 4).
- 桓武はこれを延暦4年(785年)藤原種継藤原種継暗殺事件により廃太子され憤死した早良親王の祟りであるとし、その霊をなだめる祀りを行わせた。
- Kanmu regarded the incidents as due to the curse of Prince Sawara who died in 785 of resentment after being deprived of his title of Crown Prince, being involved in the assassination of FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu and held memorial rites to calm his soul.
- 新説提唱が一段落してから、1980年代以降は直系・嫡系の皇位継承法説が最有力と目される状態に揺り戻したが、それで確定とはみなされていない。
- After the boom of the new theories, in the 1980's and later, the direct line imperial succession code theory and the legitimate child imperial succession code theory were again deemed dominant, but their credibility has not been confirmed yet.
- これらについて直系・嫡系皇位継承説の論者は、法に現れた理念が他の理念や利害と衝突して実現に困難をきたすことはままあることであると説明する。
- About these points, the proponents of the direct line imperial succession (code) theory or the legitimate child imperial succession (code) theory explains that it is quite usual that the ideal presented in a law collides with other ideals or interests and has to face difficulties to fulfill.
- 文武天皇の死によってこの方式での継承が困難になったとき、それまで他言されなかった不改常典を明かし、藤原氏の補佐がない皇族を牽制したとする。
- It is said that when the death of Emperor Tenmu made it impossible to practice this form of succession, the existence of Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten, which had been kept a secret, was revealed to the public, in order to block the movements of the imperial family members that ware not able to count on the support of the Fujiwara clan.
- 不改常典は、前代まで一般的だった群臣の協議と推戴という形式を否定し、後継者指名を天皇大権の一部とし、皇位継承抗争を絶とうとしたものである。
- Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten is elaborated with the purpose of denying the conventional form of succession practiced until the former dynasty through consultations and recommendations by a group of vassals, and establishing the right to the appointment of the successor within the emperor's authority, and consequently it tried to cut out the struggles related to imperial succession.
- 具体的には、農家でありながら、縁日や市の立つ日や祭り時には、福飴や餅などを製造し販売していて、それが何代にも継承されている事があげられる。
- More specifically, farmers make and sell good luck candies and sticky rice cakes during festivals, markets, and fairs, having passed down the business over several generations.
- オージー・ビーフの確保に目処がたち、店舗も首都圏を中心に他牛丼チェーンとくらべ数もすくないことから、4月以降も牛丼販売継続すると発表した。
- However, it announced that it would continue gyudon sales in and after April because the chain, whose outlets were fewer in number than other chains and located mainly in Tokyo and adjacent prefectures, had a prospect of securing Australian beef.
- 僧坊酒全盛の時代が終わってからも、奈良流の造り酒屋がその製法を引き継ぎ、江戸時代に入ってからもこのブランドで下り酒などの販路に乗せていた。
- Even after soboshu passed its prime, some sake brewers inherited the brewing method of Nara temples, and these brewers continued to put this brand on the market of 'kudarizake' (the sake transported from Kyoto & Osaka area down to Edo) also in the Edo period.
- やがて幕末には箏が地歌から再独立して行くが、この際にも手事物形式はそのまま箏曲に受け継がれ、明治以降にも手事を持つ箏曲が多数作られている。
- Eventually in the end of the Edo period, koto became independent from jiuta once again, but the form of tegotomono was directly inherited by sokyoku; thus many sokyoku, including tegoto, were created since the Meiji period.
- 奈良時代から受け継がれてきた海景の縮景庭園はこの時代にも広く用いられているが、莫然とした海景の模写から特定の海景の模写へと変化していった。
- Shukukei gardens imitating sea scenery from the Nara period is widely used during the present period, too, however, the technique has changed from vague unspecified sea scenery to more specified sea scenery.
- そうして受け継いだ旧大名庭園のいくつかは整備され、戦火を潜り抜けて現在東京都の公園として、また旧安田庭園のように区立として公開されている。
- Some of the so-succeeded former daimyo residences have been maintained and passed under the fires of war, and opened to the public as Tokyo Metropolitan property or run by the Ward like Kyu-Yasuda Teien (the former Yasuda garden).
- 三世篠塚梅扇が1886年(明治19年)に死去した後、篠塚流には後継の家元が不在という状態が長く続いたが、多くの門弟によって流風は残された。
- After the death of the Baisen SHINOZUKA (the third) in 1886, although the post for the successor Iemoto had long been vacant, many disciples supported the way of the school and it continued.
- その後、後深草天皇・亀山天皇・後宇多天皇が自らの印として継承し、慣例のうちに菊花紋、ことに十六八重表菊が天皇・皇室の「紋」として定着した。
- Then, Emperor Gofukakusa, Emperor Kameyama, and Emperor Gouda inherited it as their own symbol, and the Kikkamon (crest of Chrysanthemum), especially Juroku Yae Omotekiku (eightfold Chrysanthemum with sixteen petals facing up), became a regular customary crest of Emperors/the Imperial family.
- 道統は明治まで継承され、幕末の当主豊辰は阿部正弘以降の藩主の師範を務めたほか、執政・藩校誠之館文武総裁を務めた(『三百藩家臣人名事典』)。
- The system of techniques was passed down until the Meiji era; the clan chief Toyotoki during the late Edo era, besides serving the clan chiefs after Masahiro ABE as a teacher, he also served as administrator, and Seishikan Monbu Sosai (literary and military arts president of Seishikan, school of the Fukuyama domain) of schools in the feudal domains.
- すなわち、神体とされる領域や磐座などの上に仮設の祭壇を置いて祀った神籬の形式を受け継いだものではないかということが、ここからも指摘できる。
- This supports the view that pavillions originate in himorogi, in which a temporary alter was placed in a sacred area or on the large rock to invite kami to descend.
- 江戸では様式美の継承が重んじられ、教えられたとおりに演じないと非難されるが、上方では教えられたとおりに演じると工夫が足らないと非難された。
- In Edo it was considered important to carry on the beauty of the style, but in Kamigata, a performer was criticized for lack of original effort if he performed as taught.
- また維新後伊佐家が5代限りで茶道と無縁になった際に、門人だった袖山宗脩(1853年~1932年)によって継承され石州流伊佐派と称している。
- When the fifth generation of the Isa family stopped its involvement in the tea ceremony after the Meiji Restoration, Munenaga SODEYAMA (1853 - 1932), a former student of theirs, took over and taught it as the Sekishu-ryu Isa-ha.
- この問題へのひとつの対処として、旧皇族から皇族を新たに創出して皇位継承者とする案が提起されたが、世論の大勢の支持するところとはなっていない。
- One of the solutions suggested was to establish a new Imperial Family from a former Imperial Family and appoint a successor to the throne, however it has not been greatly supported by public opinion.
- ヨーロッパでは男系であれ女系であれ、代々王族同士(他国の王族ないしこれに準ずる有力貴族を含む)の間に生まれた嫡子のみに王位を継承させていた。
- In Europe, regardless of male-line or female-line, only children who were born between royal families (including royal family members from other countries and prosperous peerage) have been allowed to ascend to the throne.
- また、後深草天皇の血統(持明院統)とは別に、自らの血統(大覚寺統)の繁栄に力を注ぎ、皇統が分裂して交互に皇位継承を行う両統迭立の端緒となる。
- The Emperor worked hard to continue his own Imperial line (the Daikaku-ji Imperial line) apart from Emperor Gofukakusa's (the Jimyo-in Imperial line), this was the beginning of the separation of the Imperial lineage and sharing of Imperial succession for both parties.
- 1308年に弟の花園天皇が即位すると、しばらく後、伏見上皇が院政を停止したので、これを引き継いで1313年から1318年の間、院政を敷いた。
- 1308: After his brother, Emperor Hanazono was enthroned, since Retired Emperor Fushimi suspended ruling the cloistered government for a while, Emperor Gofushimi took it over and he ruled the cloistered government from 1313 to 1318.
- なお、天皇急逝のため、後継の準備の為に実際よりも後の日付で発表されたため、在位日が死亡後も続いている(宮内庁所蔵「後桃園院御凶事前後記」)。
- Since the Emperor died suddenly, it was counted later than the actual date that he died while preparing to succeed to the Imperial throne, the period of his era continued after he died (The collections of the Imperial Household Agency, 'The record of the death of Gomomozonoin').
- 天智天皇は直系の大友皇子(弘文天皇)に皇位継承したが、それを不服とする大海人皇子が大規模な叛乱を起こし、弘文天皇を滅ぼして天武天皇となった。
- Emperor Tenji passed the Imperial throne to his direct line, Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun), however, Prince Oama, who was against it, caused a large dispute, and killed Emperor Kobun, and became Emperor Tenmu.
- 皇室典範(こうしつてんぱん)は、皇位の継承順位など皇室の制度・構成等について定める日本国憲法で間接的に設置が義務づけられた日本の法律である。
- Imperial House Act is a law of Japan, institution of which was indirectly obligated by the Constitution of Japan and which establishes the system, composition, and the like of the Imperial family, such as an order of succession of the Imperial Throne.
- さらに、第26代継体天皇が、新しい系統を開いた可能性があるという説がある(ただしその根拠である『日本書紀』は、一系の連綿性を明記している)。
- There is another theory that the 26th Emperor Keitai founded a different family line (this theory is based on the 'Nihonshoki' but this book emphasized the unbroken Imperial line).
- この説は二つの柱を持ち、一つは光孝天皇の即位詔が、「皇位は天智が定めた法である」と読めることで、この文面では皇位継承法のこととは思われない。
- This argument has two pillars; one is that it is difficult to think that this phrase is referring to an imperial succession code, because Emperor Koko's edict can be read as 'the Imperial Throne is the law instituted by Tenchi.'
- 仮託説に対しては、多分に推測を重ねることによって導かれる直系・嫡系皇位継承説に、明文の史料を否定する力を与えるべきではないとする批判がある。
- Against the pretext theory, some historians criticize that this theory should not give a detrimental rational forte to the direct line succession theories and the legitimate child succession theories, both of which are developed largely based on successive suppositions, to negate the explicitly written historical materials.
- 祖父の岩倉宮忠成王(順徳天皇第五皇子)は、四条天皇崩御後に皇位継承の最有力者と目されながらも鎌倉幕府によって阻止されて、岩倉宮の宮号を賜る。
- Although Tadafusa's grandfather, Iwakuranomiya Prince Tadanari (the fifth prince of Emperor Juntoku), was regarded as the most likely candidate for succession to the Imperial Throne after the death of Emperor Shijo, he was defeated in the race to decide the next heir due to obstruction by the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and was instead granted the reigning name of Iwakuranomiya.
- また流派ごとに専門学校や訓練所を創設したり、石川県菊姫合資会社による酒マイスター制度のように、蔵単位で後継者の育成に励んでいるところもある。
- In addition, some schools have founded their own technical schools or training facilities, and great efforts have been made at a brewery level in order to develop successors; for example the sake Meister system at Kikuhine Goshi Ltd. in Ishikawa Prefecture.
- 子孫は尾張藩士として代々弓術の道統を継いだが、10代目の勘左衛門久則(明治39年〈1906年〉没)に嫡男がなく、富田常正が11代を継承した。
- His descendants passed on kyujutsu for generations as Owari feudal retainers, but the 10th-generation descendant, Kanzaemon Hisanori (deceased in 1906), had no legitimate son and so Tsunemasa TOMITA succeeded as the 11th-generation descendant.
- 中でも吉沢検校はその精神を受け継ぎ『千鳥の曲』などを作曲しているが、千鳥の曲には批評を乞われた光崎の助言により手直しされた部分があるという。
- In particular, kengyo YOSHIZAWA observed the spirit and composed 'Chidori no kyoku' (a song for plover) and so on, but in this song there are some parts which were revised by MITSUZAKI's advice, who was asked to criticize it.
- 元々は越後国で甲冑・鎧を作っていたが、茶道具を初めて手掛けた初代・中川與十郎が紹益を名乗り、二代目浄益以降の当主は浄益という名を継いでいる。
- The Nakagawa family initially were body armor craftspeople in Echigo Province but the first Yojuro NAKAGAWA who made tea utensils for the first time in the family history assumed the name of Shoeki which was passed down to subsequent generations of men that headed the Nakagawa family as Joeki.
- 古代においては国家の政治に関する重要な事項や後継者を選ぶ際に神の意志を占うために籤引きをすることがあり、これが現在の神籤の起源とされている。
- In ancient times when important matters in connection with the politics of state or choosing of successors were decided, there were cases when lots were drawn to determine the intention of the Gods and this is said to be the origin of the modern day mikuji.
- 楽琵琶の譜面のように漢字で記されるものは、中国の敦煌で発見された琵琶譜とも類似点が多く、さらに古い大陸から伝わった様式が多く継承されている。
- The musical score written in Chinese characters, such as that of the Gakubiwa instrument, has many similarities to a biwa musical score discovered in Dun Huang, China, and several older forms introduced from the Asian continent have been inherited.
- 明徳の和約(めいとくのわやく)とは、明徳3年/元中9年に南朝(大覚寺統)と北朝(持明院統)間で結ばれた和議と皇位継承について結ばれた協定の事。
- The Meitoku Settlement was the agreement held in 1392 between the Southern Court (Daikakuji Imperial Line) and the Northern Court (Jimyoin Imperial Line) in terms of peace negotiation and the Imperial succession.
- 皇室典範の「皇統に屬(属)する男系の男子」という条文について、愛子内親王の生誕など天皇直系の皇位継承者の終端に女性しかいない問題が生じていた。
- Although it is stated in Imperial Family Law, 'a male member who belongs to Imperial family;' an issue appeared that there are no male Imperial successors in the direct line of the present Imperial family, there is only a female successor, after Imperial Princess Aiko was born.
- 娘に家の継承を認めないという中国を発祥として朝鮮経由で渡来した家父長的氏族制度の影響もあるだろうが、それだけですべてを説明することはできない。
- The paternalistic clanship under which a daughter is not allowed to succeed the household, originating in China, introduced from Korea, may have helped to establish such an unwritten rule, but that is not all about this.
- 皇国史観(こうこくしかん)は、日本国と日本人は歴代天皇を中心とした国造りが行われ、現代までに到る伝承と歴史が紡がれ継承されて来たとする歴史観。
- Kokokushikan is the understanding that Japanese people live in Japan, a country with a history of successive Emperors, lore and the history of which was passed from generation to generation to the present.
- NHKが中継した「即位の礼・正殿の儀」(12時20分から1時間40分放送)は、平均視聴率31.9%(ビデオリサーチ・関東地区調べ)を記録した。
- 'The Sokui no rei and the Enthronement Ceremony' (1 hour and 40 minutes air time from 12:20), which broadcasted on NHK, had an average audience rating of 31.9 percent (in Kanto region according to Video Research).
- 仁治3年(1242年)1月9日 (旧暦)四条天皇崩御の際、天皇は僅か12歳での崩御であった為皇太子が定まっておらず後継者選定に時間がかかった。
- Because Emperor Shijo had died on February 10, 1242 at the age of only 12, a crown prince hadn't yet been selected, so the choice of a successor took considerable time.
- 各地の初詣の模様は、12月31日より1月1日早朝にかけて日本放送協会NHK総合テレビジョンの長寿番組「ゆく年くる年」などで毎年中継されている。
- Hatsumode in various areas are broadcast every year from December 31 until the early morning of January 1 in the programs such as a long-running program called 'Yukutoshi -Kurutoshi' (the old year and the new year) by Nippon Hoso Kyokai (Japan Broadcasting Corporation).
- しかし以下のものが重要無形民俗文化財に指定されている他、民俗芸能(郷土芸能)としてその伝統を引き継ぐものは多々あり、面影をしのぶことができる。
- However, as well as the following mai dances which have been designated important Intangible Folk Cultural Properties, there are many mai dance traditions which have been handed down as folk performing arts (local performing arts), so we can see the remnants of mai dance traditions.
- 襖に白鳥の子を張るという伝統は今日にも引き継がれており、格式の高い料亭や旅館にも使われており、皇居の和室の襖も白の鳥の子が張られているという。
- The tradition to paste white torinoko on fusuma has been continued until now in first-class Japanese restaurants and Japanese-style hotels of high social status, and it is said that white torinoko is pasted on the fusuma of Japanese-style room in the Imperial Palace.
- 髪飾りとして使うものは中央が印籠継ぎで分かれており、髪への挿入が容易になるものもある(髷の中で合わせるので、特にこのタイプを中差しともいう)。
- Products used for hair ornaments consists of two pieces connected by inrotsugi placed in the center and users can easily insert it into mage (this type of product is also called nakasashi because it is connected inside mage).
- このように皇統は男系で連綿と継続されてきたが、近年、皇室に男子の誕生が長らくなかったことなどから、女系継承の容認の可否が議論の対象となっている。
- In this way, Imperial succession by a male Imperial member was passed from generation to generation, since there were no male successors born in the Imperial family for a while, there is a debate on whether or not to accept the Imperial succession by female Imperial members.
- もう1つは第49代光仁天皇の場合で、彼は第38代天智天皇の男系の孫であるが、父親は皇位継承権を持った親王、第38代天智天皇の子志貴皇子であった。
- The second case is the forty-ninth Emperor Konin who was the male-line grandson of the thirty-eighth Emperor Tenji; his father, Prince Shiki who possessed the right to the imperial throne, was the son of thirty-eighth Emperor Tenji.
- 後小松上皇が院政を行っていたが、生来病気がちであり、嗣子に恵まれなかったことから、後小松上皇は、伏見宮家より後花園天皇を猶子に迎え後継者とした。
- Although the retired Emperor Gokomatsu ruled the cloistered government at that time, since he was not well and did not have any children, he adopted Emperor Gohanazono from the Fushimi no Miya family to allow him to succeed to the Imperial throne.
- 久寿2年(1155年)7月に近衛が崩御すると「王者の議定」が行われて、孫王即位までの中継ぎであることを条件に、雅仁親王(後白河天皇)が即位した。
- After Emperor Konoe died in July 1155, it was decided in 'Imperial agreement' that Prince Masahito (the Emperor Goshirakawa) enthroned under the condition of being in the position until Sonno succeed the throne.
- 天武は、自身以降の皇位承継紛争を防止するため、兄弟承継を廃止し、直系男子が皇位承継するルールを定めようと試みたらしく、草壁皇子を皇太子に立てた。
- Emperor Tenmu discontinued the Imperial succession between brothers to stop disputes due to the Imperial succession after his era, it was said he tried to set up a rule for the male in his direct line to succeed the throne, he allowed Prince Kusakabe become Crown Prince.
- だが、政権基盤が固まる前に天武天皇が急逝してしまったために天武の皇后は草壁皇子が大友皇子の二の舞にならないように拙速な皇位継承を避けようとした。
- However Emperor Tenmu died suddenly before the establishing a political base, Emperor Tenmu's Empress tried to avoid the sudden solution in terms of Imperial succession, as she was concerned that Prince Kusakabe would have the same experience as Prince Otomo.
- 5代の八条宮尚仁親王に継嗣がなく、霊元天皇の皇子である作宮が継承して常磐井宮に改称したが夭折し、兄の京極宮文仁親王が跡を継いで京極宮に改称した。
- Since the fifth Hachijonomiya Imperial Prince Naohito had no successor, Emperor Reigen's son, Sakunomiya succeeded the family and was renamed Tokiwainomiya, however he died young, and then his older brother Kyogokunomiya Imperial Prince Ayahito succeeded and was renamed Kyogokunomiya.
- その後、大正天皇の3皇子のうち、大正2年(1913年)に高松宮宣仁親王が断絶した有栖川宮の祭祀を継承するために高松宮の宮号を賜り宮家を創立した。
- After that, Takamatsunomiya Imperial Prince Nobuhito, who was one of Emperor Taisho's Princes of three, was given the Miya go title of Takamatsunomiya to succeed the ritual of Arisugawanomiya in 1913, that was discontinued after Takamatsunomiya Imperial Prince Nobuhito, and established a new Miyake.
- その後、道隆の後を継いだ弟の藤原道兼も他界して、もう一人の弟・藤原道長と伊周が後継関白を争ったが、一条天皇は道長を内覧として決定を先送りとした。
- After that Michitaka's successor, his younger brother FUJIWARA no Michikane, also died, and there was a struggle between another younger brother, FUJIWARA no Michinaga, and Korechika to become successor for the position of Chancellor, but Emperor Ichijo appointed Michinaga as Nairan and did not make any further official decisions.
- 直系・嫡系皇位継承法説を支持する学者の多くは、桓武天皇以降に不改常典は形骸化し、内容が理解されないまま先例を踏襲して書き継がれていったと考える。
- Many of the scholars who support the direct line imperial succession code theory or the legitimate child imperial succession code theory think that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten had become a dead letter after the reign of Emperor Kanmu, and it had continued to be written according to precedent without understanding the contents.
- 安本美典は古事記や日本書紀に記された古代の天皇の存在そのものは信じられるが、皇位を父子で継承した事と在位年数が信頼できないという説を唱えている。
- Biten YASUMOTO argues that although ancient emperors described in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki are likely to be historical figures, descriptions about the practice of the imperial throne being passed down from father to son and the lengths of the emperors' reigns are highly dubious.
- しかしながら、他戸親王の立太子に反対していた藤原式家の藤原良継・藤原百川兄弟の陰謀に遭い、光仁天皇を呪ったとして庶人に落とされ、母共々変死した。
- However, Imperial Prince Osabe was entrapped by a scheme of FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and a FUJIWARA no Momokawa (brothers) from the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan who opposed his investiture of the Crown Prince; and eventually he was demoted to common people for allegedly having put a curse on Emperor Konin, thereafter he and his mother died an unnatural death.
- しかし、平城・嵯峨天皇はこれを認めず、薬子の変で嵯峨天皇の皇太子であった高岳親王が廃されると、恒世への継承を前提として大伴親王が皇太子とされた。
- However, Emperor Heizei and Emperor Saga did not accept this, and when Imperial Prince Takaoka, who was the crown prince of Emperor Saga, died in the Kusuko Incident, Imperial Prince Otomo became the Crown Prince on the premise that Tsuneyo would succeed to the imperial throne.
- 戦国時代 (日本)に入ると、作法を保持していた有力な守護大名・守護代が次々と滅び、江戸時代まで作法を継承できたのは島津氏と小笠原氏だけとなった。
- In the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan), dominant Shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) and Shugodai (the acting Military Governor) who were preserving Inuoumono manners perished one after another, and those who could maintain the manner even to the Edo period were only the Shimazu clan and the Ogasawara clan.
- 1963年(昭和38年)水野つる女に幼少から師事し、地唄を主とした上方舞を学んでいた内弟子が四世篠塚梅扇を襲名して家元を継承、篠塚流を再興した。
- In 1963, an apprentice who learnt 'kamigata-mai dance' mainly jiuta dancing under Tsurujo MIZUNO from his childhood, succeeded to the professional name of Baisen SHINOZUKA (the 4th) and the Iemoto, and revived the Shinozuka school.
- ただし、一概に言えることは、これらの鵜飼いは日本や中国から漁法のノウハウを受け継いだものではなく、鷹狩りの手法の延長で行われたということである。
- However, it should be noted that these Ukai did not succeed the know-how of fishing method from Japan and China, but that it was conducted by almost the same method of Taka-gari falconry.
- 多子の母・豪子も、藤原俊成・藤原定家の出た御子左家の出身であり、両親の文化的素養を受け継いだ影響から、多子も書・絵・琴・琵琶の名手として知られた。
- Masaruko's mother, Goshi was also from the Mikohidari family from which FUJIWARA no Toshinari and FUJIWARA no Sadaie were originated; Masaruko was known for being an expert in calligraphy, painting, Japanese harp, Japanese lute, taking over the cultural talent of her parents.
- しかし古来日本の皇室では、皇位を継承するためには父のみ皇族であればよく、皇族男子と藤原氏など臣民女子との間に生まれた子が即位した例はきわめて多い。
- On the other hand, in the Japanese Imperial Household in ancient times, the child of an Imperial family member father was allowed to succeed the throne; many children who were born between the male Imperial Family Members and the female subjects ascended to the throne.
- 村上天皇は為平親王を愛し、その婚礼には自分が安子と婚礼した際の例に倣って宮中の昭陽舎で実施させるなど、将来の皇位継承候補としての待遇を受けている。
- Emperor Murakami loved Imperial Prince Tamehira, he let the Prince follow his example of having the Prince's wedding at Shoyosha of the Imperial Palace where the Emperor had his own wedding with Anshi (Yasuko), the Prince was treated as the future successor to the Imperial throne.
- 男大迹王(おおとのみこ、のちの継体天皇)はこの地を治めると、まず足羽山に社殿を建て大宮地之霊(おおみやどころのみたま)を祀りこの地の守護神とした。
- After he conquered this region, Oto no Miko (later Emperor Keitai) built a (main building of) Shinto Shrine in Mt. Asuwa to worship Omiyadokoro no mitama (spirit of Omiyadokoro) as the guardian god of the region.
- その直後、継体は百済救援の軍を送ったが、新羅と結んだ磐井により、九州北部で磐井の乱が勃発し、その平定に苦心している(磐井の乱については諸説ある)。
- Immediately after that, Keitai sent troops to back Baekje, but Iwai (local ruling family in Kyushu) colluded with Silla and began Iwai War in northern Kyushu which caused Keitai great pain to quell.
- 不改常典が直系継承法だとすると、天武天皇は不改常典を破って皇位を得たことになり、その子孫が不改常典を自らの正統の拠りどころにするのは不自然である。
- If Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten is a direct line imperial succession code, Emperor Tenmu broke Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten to take the Imperial Throne, and therefore, it is unnatural that his descendents rely their legitimacy on Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten.
- 朝廷でも重要な儀式の一つとされ、応仁の乱の開始から延徳二年(1490年)に再興されるまでの約30年間中断された他は、明治維新まで継続して行われた。
- It was considered as one of the important ceremonies in the Imperial Court, and held continuously until the Meiji Restoration, except for about 30 years of the interruption between the start of the Onin War until being revived in 1490.
- 表千家は4代江岑が宗旦から家督を継いでいるので千家の宗家(本家)であるが、今日では裏千家に「三千家に上下の区別はない」と憚りなく公言されるに至る。
- Since the 4th iemoto Koshin succeeded to the head position in the Sen family from Sotan, Omote-senke is the head family of Senke, however, Ura-senke publicly proclaims with no hesitation that 'there is no hierarchical relation among the three Senke' at present.
- 現在も続いている京唐紙師の「唐紙屋長右衛門 (唐長)」の家系を継ぐ『千田家文書』に、天保10年(1839年)に唐紙師が十三軒あったと記されている。
- In the 'Senda-ke bunsho' (Documents of the Senda family, who succeeded the linage of 'Choemon KARAKAMIYA or Karacho,' the existing kyo kami-shi), there is a description of 13 kami-shi in 1839.
- 流派(りゅうは)とは日本の芸道や酒造りなどの分野においてひとつの体系化された技(技術、技能)を継承する家元、宗家などを頂点とした集団のことをいう。
- Ryuha are groups of people that are headed by an Iemoto (head of school) or Soke (grand master), who passes down a certain systematic waza (craftsmanship or technique) in the fields of Japanese art, sake brewing, etc.
- 後三条はその実現の前に没したが、その直系男子の白河天皇は後三条の遺志を継いで、上皇となって事実上の国王(治天の君)として政務に当たる院政を開始した。
- Emperor Gosanjo died before his plan could be realized, his male successor, directly in line, Emperor Shirakawa abided by Emperor Gosanjo's will and he became the retired Emperor and started the Cloistered government to rule politics as the actual Emperor (Chiten no Kimi).
- 剣璽等承継の儀とは、旧登極令(明治42年皇室令第1号)附式の、第一編 践祚ノ式にある剣璽渡御ノ儀(けんじとぎょのぎ)にあたる国事行為たる儀式である。
- The above ceremony is equivalent to the ceremony called 'Kenji to gyo no gi' (the Ceremony of succession of the Sacred Sword, Jewel, and other treasures.), Volume 1 of the ceremony for accession to the throne of former Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne (No.1 of Imperial Family Regulations in Meiji 42) and 附式, and it is the ceremony of the emperor's constitutional functions.
- また、廃絶した又は廃絶する予定の宮家の祭祀を承継するため廃絶した宮家の宮号と同じ氏を用いる例があった(小松輝久侯爵・華頂博信侯爵・東伏見邦英伯爵)。
- Also there were another examples where they kept the same Miya go title which was about to be or already discontinued, in order to succeed the ritual of the prince's family (Marquis Teruhisa KOMATSU, Marquis Hironobu KACHO, Count Kunihide HIGASHIFUSHIMI).
- 当時皇太子基王が急死し、自らも病弱であった聖武天皇に万が一の事があれば、天皇の叔母にあたる内親王やその子供達の皇位継承の可能性もあったと考えられる。
- If Prince Motoi, the Crown Prince suddenly died and if anything happened to Emperor Shomu who was sick himself at that time, the Imperial Princess who was the aunt of the Emperor and her sons were thought to have had the possibility of succeeding the Imperial Throne.
- また同書では当初から兄・天智天皇の皇太弟であると記されているが、弘文天皇の立太子の事実を否定し天皇の皇位継承を正当化する意図があるとする意見もある。
- The 'Nihonshoki' describes that he was the Kotaitei (the younger brother of an Emperor so is heir apparent) of his older brother the Emperor Tenchi to begin with; however, some say that the book tries to deny the fact that the Emperor Kobun actually was the investiture of the Crown Prince, and justifies his succession to the imperial throne.
- 古流柔術が更に衰退した原因として、その後の第二次大戦と敗戦の影響により稽古が行われなくなったり、また多くの継承者が戦争で亡くなったことがあげられる。
- Koryu jujutsu went further into decline firstly because the practice was halted owing to World War Ⅱ and Japan's defeat in the war, and secondly because many jujutsu successors were killed in the war.
- おそらく頼長へ引き継ぐつもりだったと考えられるが、しかし頼長は元和6年(1621年)に先立ち、その長男織田長好を引き取るものの相続はかなわなかった。
- It seems that Nagamasu intended to demise the remaining territory to Yorinaga, but Yorinaga predeceased Nagamasu in 1621, and Nagamasu got custody of Yorinaga's first son Nagayoshi ODA, but the Shogunate did not allow Nagayoshi to inherit the territory.
- 日本武術以外の芸道の流派では、開祖の家系により、家元の宗家の地位を世襲する一子相伝(全伝)の流派継承と門人への流派免許を与える家元制がとられている。
- In ryuha other than those of the Japanese martial arts, there are two Iemoto systems, one where the founder's family inherits the Iemoto Soke position, known as Isshi Soden, and the other where a school license is granted to a student.
- 実際に5世の子孫だったかには賛否両論あるが、この事例は5世の子孫までは皇位継承権を持ちうる先例となって、その後の皇位断絶に強く意識されることとなった。
- There were theories approving and disapproving whether the Emperor Keitai was in fact the descendant of Emperor Ojin or not, but this experience was accepted as an example of allowing descendants, up to five generations, succeed to the throne, it was strongly reflected in the discontinuity of Imperial succession later on.
- 特に後継者争いが生じやすい状況ではその後見人として、皇帝親政において、ある特定の妃を寵愛した場合にその親族が取り立てられ外戚が権勢を振るうことが多い。
- Especially in a state where a succession race was likely to occur and the emperor favors a specific concubine over others, her relatives were often raised as the guardian of successor candidates under the direct Imperial rule allowing them to have a great political influence.
- しかしこの逃亡は本当は南朝側に皇位を継がせることを快く思っていなかった後小松天皇をはじめとする北朝側を牽制する目的があったのではないかという説がある。
- However, some say that they actually might have been trying to restrain the Northern Court, including Emperor Gokomatsu, by escaping from them, since the Northern Court was not in favor of the Southern Court succeeding the Imperial Throne.
- ただ沖縄諸島、または沖縄の文化を伝えている地域では、八橋流の流れをくむ独自の琉球箏曲が発展・継承されていて、そちらは現在でも生田流式の箏を使っている。
- However, as the unique Ryukyu Sohkyoku (Okinawa Soh music) which originated from the Yatsuhashi school has been handed down in Okinawa as well as in other regions where Okinawa culture remains, Soh of the Ikuta school style is being used in these regions even today.
- 笙は独特の神々しい音色で楽曲を引き締める役割もあるが、篳篥や龍笛の演奏者にとっては、息継ぎのタイミングを示したり、テンポを決めたりといった役割もある。
- A Sho flute has the role of spicing up the tune with its uniquely divine sound, and it has the role of showing the timing of breathing or deciding the tempo for the players of the Hichiriki instrument and Ryuteki flute.
- これが今日見られるような巫女舞になっていくのであるが、依然として「神がかり」の系統を受け継いだ古い形の巫女舞を残している神社も僅かながら存在している。
- Thus even though mikomai has developed into the style seen today, there still remain some older, albeit rare, style of mikomai with its tradition of 'kamigakari' (literally, 'spiritual possession').
- 井上内親王と他戸親王の不自然な死、治世のはじめに、皇太子とした弟早良親王を藤原種継暗殺の廉で785年流罪とし配所で死なしめたという暗い面も持ち合わせた。
- There is a sad aspect that Imperial Princess Inoe and Imperial Prince Osabe had an unnatural death, or that his brother, Imperial Prince Sawara, who was the first prince when the Kammu government started, was accused of assassinating FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu; he was sentenced to deportation in 785 and died.
- その皇子で又従兄弟でもあった敦仁親王(醍醐天皇)よりも長生きし、更に朱雀天皇、村上天皇と、大叔父の光孝系の皇統継承を見届けたのもまた、皮肉な事であった。
- It is ironic that the Retired Emperor Yozei lived longer than Emperor Uda's prince and cousin, Prince Atsugimi (Atsuhito) (Emperor Daigo); moreover, he had to experience the imperial succession of Emperor Suzaku, Emperor Murakami and his great uncle on Emperor Koko's side.
- これは傍系である継体天皇は、先代天皇の妹で正当な血筋を持つ直系の手白香皇女を皇后にする事により、一種の入り婿という形で正当性を誇示したと考えられている。
- Emperor Keitai, who was from the collateral line, seems to have tried to prove his legitimacy as Emperor by marrying to Princess Tashiraka, who was the younger sister of late Emperor with legitimate and direct bloodline, taking the form of Irimuko (man who takes his wife's premarital family name).
- そのため、有力な皇位継承資格者・山背大兄王(通説では聖徳太子の子)の存在が邪魔になり、643年11月、入鹿は斑鳩宮を襲い山背大兄王とその一族を滅ぼした。
- Since Iruka considered Prince Yamashiro no oe (it is said that he was a son of Prince Shotoku) a powerful candidate for succession to the Imperial Throne, as an obstacle, he launched an attack on Ikaruganomiya Palace and dethroned Prince Yamashiro no oe and his family in November, 643.
- 聖武天皇の皇女・不破内親王の夫で塩焼王自身も天武天皇の皇孫であることや豊成・永手といった藤原氏内部からの支持もあった塩焼王には皇位継承の可能性があった。
- There was a possibility that Prince Shioyaki would succeed to the Imperial Throne in view of the facts that he was the husband of Imperial Princess Fuwa, a Princess of Emperor Shomu, that Prince Shioyaki himself was a grandchild of Emperor Tenmu, and that he was supported by such members of the Fujiwara clan as Toyonari and Nagate.
- 739年頃、天武天皇の孫で新田部親王の子である塩焼王に嫁ぎ、氷上志計志麻呂・氷上川継の二人の息子を産む(ただし、一部には両者を同一人物とする説もある)。
- Around 739. she married Emperor Tenmu's grandson and Imperial Prince Niitabe's son Prince Shioyaki, and gave birth to two sons HIKANI no Shikeshimaro and HIKAMI no Kawatsugu (however, there is a theory that both are the same person).
- 北朝 (日本)称光天皇が嗣子なく没し皇統が断絶したが、称光天皇の父の後小松上皇が北朝の傍流である伏見宮家から彦仁王(後花園天皇)を後継者に選ぼうとした。
- The imperial line of the Northern Court (Japan) became extinct as Emperor Shoko did not have an heir, so his father, the Retired Emperor Gokomatsu, attempted to select Prince Hikohito (Emperor Gohanazono) for an heir from the Fushiminomiya family, a branch of the Northern Court.
- しかし、その福田屋の職人だった人物が御堀堂を、福田屋のういろうをよく食べていた人物が豆子郎を創業し、山口ういろうの味が現在まで受け継がれることとなった。
- However, since an employee of Fukudaya founded Mihorido and a person who favored the Uiro of Fukudaya founded Toshiro, the taste of the Yamaguchi Uiro has been passed on.
- しかし十郎大夫の死後、間もなく越智観世の座は途絶えたため、6代観世大夫・観世元広は長男の十郎をしてこの越智観世を再興させ、旧越智観世の遺産を継承させた。
- However, soon after the death of Juro dayu, Ochi KANZE troupe failed, then Ochi Motohiro KANZE, the sixth KANZE dayu, had his eldest son Juro revive the troupe and succeed the heritage of the old Ochi KANZE.
- その伝統を受け継ぐ小笠原流は武家社会での礼式に則った射の流れを汲む流派であり、今日の弓道で「礼射系」といえば、小笠原流に由来する作法や射法のことをいう。
- The Ogasawara school inherited a shooting tradition based upon the code of etiquette from the Samurai world and the 'Reisha group' in today's Kyudo means the code or style of shooting originating from the Ogasawara school.
- 例えば、雄略天皇の子の清寧天皇には後嗣がなく、履中天皇の孫である仁賢天皇・顕宗天皇が王位を継いだとされているが、実際は王位簒奪ではなかったかとの説もある。
- For example, when Emperor Seinei, son of Emperor Yuryaku, didn't have a successor, it is assumed that Emperor Ninken and Emperor Kenzo, grandsons of Emperor Richu, succeeded the Imperial throne, but there is also a theory stating that in fact, it was an usurpation of the Imperial throne.
- 父・後三条天皇は、傍流とはいえ藤原北家の血を引く長男の貞仁親王(白河天皇)よりも同家と外戚関係を有しない源基子との子供に皇位継承候補者として期待をかけた。
- His father Emperor Gosanjo expected a son with MINAMOTO no Motoko who had no maternal relation with the Fujiwara family as the successor of the throne rather than his elder other Imperial Prince Sadahito (later became Emperor Shirakawa) who had a collateral line of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan.
- His father Emperor Gosanjo expected that a son born to him and MINAMOTO no Kishi (Motoko), who was not a maternal relative of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, would be the promising imperial heir rather than his eldest son Imperial Prince Sadahito (who would later become Emperor Shirakawa), who was a descendant from a branch of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan.
- そしてその調整策の結果、中継ぎとしての後醍醐天皇の即位、そして皇位継承への幕府の関与に対する異議申し立てに発する討幕運動へと展開していく事になるのである。
- As a solution, Emperor Godaigo was appointed to temporarily succeed to the throne, and this caused adverse claims and started a movement to close down the bakufu in order to prevent their participation in the Imperial succession.
- 明治11年(1878年)4月、40歳を過ぎて妃との間に継嗣の出来ない熾仁親王は、稠宮を事実上の養子として有栖川宮家の後継者にしたい旨を明治天皇に願い出る。
- In April 1878, since there were no children between Imperial Prince Taruhito and the Empress, when he was over forty years old, he asked Emperor Meiji to adopt Sawanomiya as an actual successor to the Arisugawa no Miya family.
- もっとも、江戸時代は身分の上下を問わず家を存続させるための養子が頻繁に行われており、嗣子の絶えた摂家を継ぐため皇族が養子に入った例が3例ある(皇別摂家)。
- However, there were many examples of having adopted children to succeed the family during the Edo period and it did not matter whether someone was higher rank or lower rank, there were three examples of Imperial Family members being adopted to a Regent family who did not have any successors (Kobetsu regent family).
- 記紀によると、先代の武烈天皇に後嗣がなかったため、越前(近江国とも)から「応神天皇5世の孫」である継体天皇が迎えられ、群臣の要請に従って即位したとされる。
- According to Kiki (Kojiki and Nihonshoki), Emperor Keitai, 'the fifth generation descendant of Emperor Ojin' was received from Echizen Province (or Omi Province) and took the throne in conformity with the request of a crowd of his subjects because the late Emperor Buretsu did not have an inheritor.
- だが、蘇我氏の実権が蝦夷の息子の蘇我入鹿に移ると、入鹿はより蘇我氏の意のままになると見られた古人大兄皇子の擁立を企て、その中継ぎとして皇極天皇を擁立した。
- However, when the power in the Soga clan transferred to SOGA no Iruka, son of Emishi, Iruka planned to enthrone Furuhito no Oe no Miko, who Iruka could control at his will, and Iruka put up Empress Kogyoku as a interim successor.
- 文武天皇の即位詔で現れないのは当時不改常典がなかったからで、元明天皇即位の時かその直前に、直系(または嫡系)の継承を正当化するために創作されたのだとする。
- This theory argues that the reason why the due description does not appear in the Emperor Monmu's imperial edict upon enthronement is because Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten did not exist at that time, and when the enthronement of Empress Genmei was to be celebrated or just before it, the code was created in order to justify the direct line (or the legitimate child) succession.
- その後親王宣下を受けるが、これが昨今の皇位継承問題 (平成)において臣籍に産まれた人物が皇籍についた事が旧皇族復帰を推す勢力に先例として重要視されている。
- Subsequently, he was given the title of Imperial Prince and in the latest issue on deciding the successor of the Imperial Throne in the Heisei period, this has been valued as a precedent by the group supporting the resurrection of the former Imperial Family, as it meant a commoner had entered the Imperial Family.
- 更に父親在世中に父を飛ばして子を皇位に立てる慣例が存在しないために、恒世を即位させるために大伴親王にも皇位継承を認めなければならない事態となったのである。
- Moreover, as there had been no practice where a child would become emperor ahead of his father while the father was alive, it was required to approve Imperial Prince Otomo as the heir to the imperial throne in order to have Tsuneyo ascend the throne.
- 盛平の弟子の中には藤平光一を初めとして、ヨーガを日本に持ち込んだ中村天風の影響を受けた合気道師範も多く、合気道の精神性重視という気風を次代に継承している。
- Among the disciples of Morihei, there were many grand masters of aikido who were influenced by Tenpu NAKAMURA, who was the first to introduce yoga to Japan, handing down the spirituality-oriented spirit of aikido to the next generation.
- ただし、明治初めの廃仏毀釈、特に1872年の修験道禁止令により修験道が衰退すると、五鬼熊、五鬼上、五鬼童の3家は廃業し里を出、その後、五鬼継家も廃業した。
- However, when Shugendo declined with Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism) in the early Meiji Period, and especially by the law banning Shugendo in 1872, three families, Gokikuma, Gokijoh and Gokido closed the business and left the village, and later, the Gokitsugu family also closed the business.
- これらの型の成立の経緯についてははっきりしないが、前出の梅若猶彦は型の出現を江戸期、型が安定的に継承されるようになったのは昭和期ではないかと推測している。
- The details of how these forms were established are not clear but UMEWAKA, as mentioned above, wondered if the forms that first appeared during Edo Period, evolved and became stabilized during the Showa Period.
- 後三条院とその生母である陽明門院は白河天皇の異母弟実仁親王 (平安時代)更にその弟の輔仁親王に皇位を継がせる意志を持ち、譲位時に実仁親王を皇太弟と定めた。
- Go-Sanjo-in and Go-Sanjo-in's mother, Yomeimon-in, wished for SHIRAKAWA's younger half brother, Prince Sanehito (Heian period) and then Sanehito`s younger brother Prince Sukehito to succeed to the throne, and upon abdication to SHIRAKAWA, Prince Sanehito was decided to become Crown Prince.
- 結局皇太子のまま草壁は早世してしまい、彼女は草壁の遺児・軽皇子(後の文武天皇)が成人するまでの中継ぎとして、690年旧正月にようやく持統天皇として即位した。
- Since Prince Kusakabe ended up as Crown Prince and died young, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko succeeded to the throne temporarily as Emperor Jito in the lunar New Year in 690, until Prince Kusakabe's son, Prince Karu (Emperor Monmu) became old enough to enthrone.
- これは『万葉集』において「中皇命」なる人物を間人皇女とする説から来るもので、「中皇命」とは天智即位までの中継ぎの天皇であるという解釈出来るという主張である。
- In the Man'yoshu ('The Anthology of Myriad Leaves),' 'Nakatsusumera-mikoto' is considered to be Hashihito no Himemiko, and it is said that the one named 'Nakatsusumera-mikoto' was a temporary Emperor until the enthronement of Emperor Tenchi (Tenji).
- そのため、仏教に深く帰依していた称徳は僧道鏡を皇位に付けることを企図した(異説あり)が失敗し、後継を決めないまま称徳は没し、天武皇統が断絶することとなった。
- Due to this, Emperor Shotoku, who deeply believed in Buddhism, attempted to allow the monk, Dokyo to succeeded to the throne, (there was another theory) but he failed, Emperor Shotoku died before deciding the successor, and the Imperial line of Emperor Tenmu was decided to discontinue.
- 九州王朝説では、銘文のワカタケル大王と倭王武が、一致しないため、別のものとし、武が雄略ともその大王ともちがい、ヤマタイ国の後継とし、両者を従えていたとする。
- Kyushu dynasty theory separates Waobu (Japanese king 'Bu') from Wakatakeru no Okimi on the inscription or from Emperor Yuryaku or other kings of Yamato Dynasty, but instead, thinks that 'Bu' was the successor of Yamatai Kingdom who subordinated them.
- 皇位継承者不在の危機にあたり、臣籍降下した者が即位した例であるが、当時在世中の元良親王らを超越しての即位であり、藤原淑子・基経による擁立劇という側面もある。
- This was an example of a member of the Imperial Family who abdicated and then returned and became the Emperor because there was no one to succeed the enthronement; it is said that the event of Emperor Uda's enthronement could have been set up by FUJIWARA no Yoshiko and Mototsune, although Imperial Prince Motoyoshi was still alive.
- 僧坊酒を継ぐように台頭してきたのが、室町時代中期から他所酒を生産し始めていた、摂津国猪名川上流の伊丹・池田・鴻池、武庫川上流の小浜・大鹿などの酒郷であった。
- The brewing districts such as Itami, Ikeda and Konoike on the upstream site of the Ina-gawa River in Settsu Province and Kohama and Oshika on the upstream site of the Muko-gawa River gained power in such a way that they had succeeded Soboshu.
- 日本の皇位継承は、皇室始まって以来の男系の伝統をつないでいくか、女系を容認して旧来の皇統と決別し、新たな皇統を創設していくかの岐路に立っていると言えるだろう。
- Japanese Imperial succession, it is at the crossroads to end the old tradition and establish new Imperial lineage, whether to keep the traditional Imperial succession by the male Imperial line since the beginning of the Imperial family, or to accept succession from the female Imperial lineage.
- 続日本紀によると、文武天皇の崩御後、世継ぎの聖武天皇が幼少であったため後継問題が浮上し、そこで文武天皇の母で天智天皇の皇女にあたる阿閉皇女が仮に政務を執った。
- According to Shoku Nihongi (Chronicle of Japan Continued), after Emperor Monmu died, since the successor, Emperor Shomu was too young to enthrone and the issue as to who should succeed to the throne was raised, it was decided that Ahe no Himemiko rule the government temporarily, who was Emperor Monmu's mother and Emperor Tenchi/Tenji's Princess.
- 三種の神器がない状況での即位は後鳥羽天皇が後白河天皇の院宣により即位した先例に従ったものであり、この時代は三種の神器が皇位継承の絶対条件ではなかったのである。
- It was not an absolute condition to have the three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family for Imperial succession at that time, enthronement followed the example of Emperor Gotoba's enthronement after receiving a command from ex-Emperor Goshirakawa, without having the three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family.
- また、歴代天皇の中で唯一、母から娘へと女系での継承が行われた天皇でもある(ただし、父親は男系男子の皇族である草壁皇子であるため、男系の血統は維持されている)。
- In addition, she was the only emperor of Japan, who experienced succession to the throne through the maternal line, from mother to daughter (N.B. her father Kusakabe no miko was a male imperial family member descended through a line of males, and therefore the male imperial blood line was maintained).
- この説では天智天皇10年に大友皇子が立太子したとする森田の説によれば、不改常典は複数の内容を含むもので、その一部に皇位継承に関わり皇太子制を定めた箇所がある。
- MORITA's theory advocates that the investiture of Crown Prince Otomo falls on the 10th year of the enthronement of Emperor Tenchi, and according to this theory, Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten compiles plural contents, and a part of them touches on the succession of Imperial Throne with the specific description that institutes the Crown Prince system.
- 例えば、松竹は寿海に初代鴈治郎の当り役を演じさせ鴈治郎のプライドを傷つけるなど、その場しのぎの対応ばかりで、関西歌舞伎の正当の後継者に対する考慮が欠けていた。
- Shochiku took only temporary stopgap measures, such as making Jukai perform the star role of Ganjiro I, for example, which injured Ganjiro's pride and showed a lack of consideration for the proper successors of Kansai Kabuki.
- だが、皇位継承が後光厳の直系子孫による方針が決められたために崇光と伏見宮家による後光厳と室町幕府に対する反感が高まって、北朝は事実上の分裂状態に陥ったのである。
- However, after it was decided that the direct descendants of Emperor Gokogon would succeed to the throne, antagonism was raised against Emperor Gokogon and the Muromachi bakufu by Emperor Suko and the Fushiminomiya family, and this practically caused a division within the Northern Court.
- ところが、1348年(貞和4年/正平3年)に元服すると光厳天皇の猶子として皇位継承権が与えられ、その年の10月27日に義兄にあたる崇光天皇の皇太子に立てられた。
- However, when he had the Genpuku ceremony (coming- of-age ceremony for a young man after the Nara period) in 1348, he was granted the right to the imperial throne as the adopted child of Emperor Kogen, and was enthroned as the prince of Emperor Suko (his brother in law) on October 27 in the same year.
- この決定は皇位継承のような重大事は事前に江戸幕府に諮るとした禁中並公家諸法度の規定にも拘らず「非常事態」を理由に幕府に対しても事後報告の形で進められたのである。
- This decision was made without asking approval from the government and it was reported to them afterwards as it was said to be a state of emergency, although such important issues, like Imperial succession, should have the government's opinion according to Court laws during the Edo period.
- 後二条天皇の死後、父である後宇多上皇は「(後二条天皇の息子である)邦良親王が成人するまで」という条件で、後二条天皇の弟である後醍醐天皇に皇位を継がせようとする。
- After the death of Emperor Go-Nijo, his father, the retired Emperor Go-Uta, insisted that the Emperor Go-Nijo's brother, Emperor Go-Daigo, succeed to the Imperial Throne until his son, Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi (Kuninaga), reached adulthood.
- 時代が下がり江戸時代になると皇位継承又は世襲親王家(伏見宮家・桂宮家・有栖川宮家・閑院宮家)相続と無関係の皇族は皆出家する慣例となり、賜姓皇族は現れなくなった。
- By the Edo period, it had become a custom for all the Imperial Families to enter into the priesthood who were not related according to Imperial succession or who were not one of the heredity Imperial Family members (the Fushiminomiya family, the Katsuranomiya family, the Arisugawanomiya family, the Kan innomiya family), there was no Shisei Imperial Family existing.
- その後、頼経・藤原頼嗣親子が将軍職を継承するが、1252年に北条時頼らの奏請により、後嵯峨天皇の第1庶皇子である宗尊親王を将軍として鎌倉に迎え入れることとなる。
- Thereafter, FUJIWARA no Yoritsune and his son, FUJIWARA no Yoritsugu succeeded the shogunship, but would have Imperial Prince Munetaka, the first prince of Emperor Gosaga to Kamakura as a Shogun following the requests of Tokiyori HOJO in 1252.
- しかし博士は、唱えるための参考であり、声明を習得しようとすれば、口伝(ロイとも言う)(指導者による面授)が必要であり、師から弟子への流派の維持・継承は出来ない。
- However, Hakase was a reference to chant, and in order to learn Shomyo, kuden (also called roi, or direct initiation by an instructor) was necessary; therefore, conservation and inheritance were impossible from the perspective of a master to a disciple.
- 平安末期になると、鳥羽上皇の後継をめぐって崇徳天皇、近衛天皇、後白河天皇の兄弟間による皇位承継紛争が保元の乱・平治の乱という武力衝突により解決されることとなった。
- In the late Heian period, the dispute about Imperial succession to the Retired Emperor Toba happened, Emperor Sutoku, Emperor Konoe, and Emperor Goshirakawa, between brothers, opposed to each other, but, it was settled by armed conflict after the Hogen War, the Heiji War.
- しかし、淳和・嵯峨両上皇の相次ぐ崩御の直後、恒貞を廃太子(皇太子を廃すること)とする事件(承和の変)が起こり、皇位継承は嵯峨-仁明の系統に統一されることとなった。
- Just after both Retired Emperors Junna and Sage died one after another, Imperial Prince Tsunesada's position as Crown Prince was taken, (the Showa Disturbance) and Imperial succession was unified by Emperor Saga - along Emperor Ninmyo's Imperial line.
- 日本国憲法第2条は皇位は世襲のものである旨規定しているが、その方法については、皇室典範の定めるところによると規定して、例えば皇位継承の性別については触れていない。
- The 2nd Article of the Constitution of Japan prescribes that the Imperial Throne is hereditary but, as for the manner thereof, the same provides that it shall be determined by the Imperial House Act and does not refer to, for example, the gender of the successor.
- しかしこの記述では、継体が507年に即位してから大和に都をおくまで約20年もかかっており、天皇家(実態はヤマト王権)と周辺の部族国家間での混乱があったと思われる。
- In this description, it took Keitai nearly 20 years to place the capital in Yamato after he assumed the throne, which suggests there was disarray between the imperial family (in fact Yamato sovereignty) and the neighboring tribal states.
- 儲君に関しては、江戸時代までは皇室典範のような皇位継承の順序を定めた法律がなく、天皇の意思や朝廷、幕府などの介入により、複数の候補者から選ばれるのが慣例であった。
- Before the Edo period, there was no law that determined the order in line to succession to the Imperial throne such as Imperial House Act, and Chokun, or the Crown Prince, was customarily chosen from among plural candidates, intervened by the will of the Emperor and by the court and bakufu (shogunate).
- 以後も猿楽界の第一人者として重きをなす一方、後継者の元雅、甥の元重(音阿弥)、女婿の金春禅竹、そして『談儀』の著者である元能など次世代の能楽師たちの指導に励んだ。
- And later on, while he was taking the important position in the world of sarugaku, he was actively engaged in instructing Noh actors in the next generation including Motomasa (his successor), his nephew Motoshige (Onami), Zenchiku KONPARU (his son-in-law) and Motoyoshi(the writer of 'Sarugaku dangi').
- 中国歴代の皇帝などでは、南宋の孝宗_(宋)や清の乾隆帝などが、皇位を後継者に譲って隠退し、上皇となっているが、ほとんどの歴代皇帝は、崩御するまで皇帝の位にあった。
- In the case of the line of emperors in China, although Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Sung Dynasty and Qian Long of the Qing Dynasty retired and handed over the reigns to their successors and became Retired Emperors, in contrast, most emperors kept their reigns until their death.
- 昭和時代、日本国憲法の下で皇室典範は再度制定されたが、退位禁止と養子禁止と直系男子への皇位継承優先とする基本性格は変わらず、非嫡出子を皇族としない規定が追加された。
- In the Showa period, the Imperial Family Law was re-issued under the Constitution of Japan, the basic rule of the prohibition of the abdication, prohibition of the adoption, and priority of the male direct Imperial member's succession to the throne, remained the same, there was another regulation added that illegitimate children would not be included to the Imperial family.
- そして以後の皇位が持明院統だけで継承されたため、大覚寺統の子孫は不満を抱き、南朝の遺臣が宮中の神器を奪取して立てこもるなどの抵抗を15世紀半ばまで続けた(後南朝)。
- Subsequently, succession to the Imperial Throne was kept only from the Jimyoin-to side, and the ancestors of Daikakuji-to complained about this; on one occasion a surviving retainer from Nancho (the Southern Court) stole the holy durables from the palace and barricaded himself, and incidents of this sort continued to occur until the mid-fifteenth century (Second Southern Court).
- これは薬子が藤原種継の娘であったこともあるが、早良親王廃太子と自分の皇位継承の正当性を示す目的があったとされている(後に嵯峨天皇によって再度削除されることになる)。
- This is due to Kusuko being FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu's daughter, but it is also said that the Emperor intended to have correct proof as to Prince Sawara's inability to become the crown prince, and the Emperor's imperial succession (however, the article was again removed by Emperor Saga).
- しかしながら皇后は夫の天皇亡き後に中継ぎの天皇として即位する可能性があるため皇族しか立后されないのが当時の慣習であったことから、長屋王は光明子の立后に反対していた。
- However, in those days it was a practice to install a member of the Imperial Family as the Empress because the Empress could ascend the throne as an interim emperor after the death of the Emperor (her husband) and therefore Nagayao opposed the installation of Komyoshi as the Empress.
- また、弟子には積極的に浮世絵以外の絵を学ばせたため、鏑木清方のように多くの門流が挿絵画家や、日本画家として大成し、浮世絵の伝統は他のジャンルへと受け継がれていった。
- As he positively encouraged his disciples to learn about other categories of the pictorial art, many disciples achieved greatness as illustrators and Japanese-style painters, such as Kiyokata KABURAKI; thus the tradition of Ukiyoe came down to other genres.
- その造り方の流れを継ぐ奈良の酒屋の『南都諸白(なんともろはく)』は、まるで今日の純米大吟醸酒のように、もっとも高級な清酒の呼び名として長らく名声をほしいままにした。
- The brewing method descended to some brewers in Nara, and they produced 'nanto moro-haku,' which enjoyed a reputation as the highest grade clean sake for a long time, just like today's 'junmai daiginjo' (added alcohol-free 'daiginjo' [top-quality sake brewed at low temperatures from rice grains milled to 50% of weight or less]).
- しかし、その殆どは東京の量産体制の唐紙に押されて、大正時代に廃業し、現在も京唐紙の伝統を守り継いでいるのは唐紙屋長右衛門、すなわち「唐長」の千田長次郎氏のみである。
- However, most of them gave up their business being overpowered by the mass production system for karakami in Tokyo, and as a result, it is only Choemon KARAKAMIYA, that is, Chojiro SENDA of 'Karacho' who has continuously maintained the tradition of Kyo karakami even now.
- こうすることで、女性皇族が男子を産み、その子が天皇になったとしても、男系男子による皇位継承を維持できるし、旧宮家復活も国民の抵抗なく円滑に進むと考えられるからである。
- This is because, by doing so, succession of the throne by a male on the male side can be maintained, even when the female member of the Imperial family gave birth to a son and he became the Emperor, and restoration of former Miyake (house of an imperial prince) is thought to proceed smoothly without opposition of the public.
- 伏見宮博恭王3男(華頂宮博忠王弟)の華頂博信が大正15年(1926年)12月7日に20歳で海軍少尉の時に臣籍降下し華頂侯爵家を創設し、同時に華頂宮家の祭祀を承継した。
- When Hironobu KACHO, who was the third son (younger brother of Prince Kachonomiya Hirotada) of Prince Fushiminomiya Hiroyasu, was a second lieutenant of navy at the age of 20 on December 7, he was demoted from nobility to subject, established the family of Marquis Kacho and at the same time he succeeded Saishi (religious service) of Kachonomiya family.
- この越後騒動後、越前松平家の宗家は忠直の弟松平忠昌が継ぎ、嫡流で忠直の嫡男松平光長は嫡家と称されたが、嫡家は嫡宗権を持たず、相応の礼を賜るに留まったというものである。
- After this Echigo-sodo (Echigo scandal), the Soke of the Echizen-MATSUDAIRA family was succeeded by Tadamasa MATSUDAIRA, Tadanao's younger brother, and Mitsunaga, Tadanao's eldest son, was respected as Chakuke but not allowed to govern the whole family.
- 近世初期の、本阿弥光悦の鷹ケ峰芸術村では、「嵯峨本」などの料紙としてのから紙を制作し、京から紙の技術をさらに洗練させ、京の唐紙師(かみし)がその伝統を継承していった。
- In the art village in Takagamine of Koetsu HONAMI in early recent times, karakami as ryoshi, like 'Saga-bon' was produced and the techniques of Kyo-karakami grew more sophisticated, and the kami-shi in Kyoto succeeded its tradition.
- 五代目中村翫雀 (5代目)、三代目中村扇雀 (3代目)、六代目片岡愛之助 (6代目)、六代目上村吉弥 (6代目)などの関西歌舞伎ゆかりの名跡が若手により継がれている。
- Well known names in Kansai Kabuki, such as Kanjaku NAKAMURA V (godaime), Senjaku NAKAMURA III (sandaime), Ainosuke KATAOKA VI (rokudaime) and Kichiya UEMURA VI (rokudaime), have been succeeded by young actors.
- 現在、宮中でも皇族の結婚式などの中継で会席料理などとは大きく異なる盛りつけの日本料理が見られることから、生間家が伝えた物とは別の有職料理が伝えられている物と思われる。
- On TV, we can see that the manner in which food is arranged on a plate is very different from kaiseki cuisine (a set meal served on individual trays at a traditional Japanese dinner party) in the Imperial Palace or royal family's wedding ceremony, and the yusoku cuisine is considered different from what has been passed down through the Ikama family.
- しかし、この約60年前に皇統断絶の可能性を予見していた新井白石は、皇位継承権をもつ皇族家系となる閑院宮を創設しており、後桃園の後継として閑院宮から光格天皇が迎えられた。
- However Hakuseki ARAI foresaw the possibility of the discontinuity of the Imperial throne sixty years prior, he had already established the Kaninnomiya family, who were in the Imperial family line and had the right to succeed to the throne, Emperor Kokaku was accepted from the Kaninnomiya family as Emperor Gomomozono's successor.
- 誕生の年に父後桃園天皇が没するが、天皇には欣子内親王の他に子女がなかったため、皇位は傍系の閑院宮閑院宮典仁親王の第六皇子、祐宮師仁(のちの光格天皇)を迎えて継承された。
- Her father, Emperor Gomomozono died in the year when the Princess was born, since the Emperor had no other children, but Imperial Princess Yoshiko, the Imperial throne was succeeded by Sachinomiya Morohito (later called Emperor Kokaku), who was the sixth Prince of Kaninnomiya Imperial Prince Sukehito of the collateral line after he was welcomed (adopted) into the Imperial family.
- 道長の娘で叔母にあたる藤原威子を中宮とし、この時代には珍しく他の妃を持たなかったが、皇子女は内親王二人のみで世継ぎの皇子にはついに恵まれぬまま、29歳の若さで崩御した。
- He had FUJIWARA no Ishi as the Emperor's second consort, she being Michinaga's daughter and the Emperor's aunt; it was unusual during this time for the Emperor not to have other empresses, but he had only two princesses and did not have any prince who could succeed to the Imperial Throne; the Emperor died young, at the age of 29.
- 興良親王は『新葉和歌集』でその夭折が詠まれたが、尹良親王は南朝方として父の後を継いで各地を転戦、源氏姓を賜る(後醍醐源氏の祖)と共に征夷大将軍に任じられたと伝えられる。
- Imperial Prince Okiyoshi/Okinaga's premature death was written about in a poem in 'Shinyo Wakashu,' and it is said that Imperial Prince Tadayoshi/Tadanaga succeeded to his father's position in the Northern Court and moved from one battle field to another; after that; he was given the surname 'GENJI' (founder of the Minamoto clan, he was a descendent of the Emperor Godaigo) and appointed as Seii Taishogun.
- 1847年、飛騨高山の国学者・田中大秀の起案を受けて門弟・橘曙覧、池田武万侶、山口春村、足羽神社神主・馬来田善包らにより継体天皇御世系碑が足羽神社境内に建立されている。
- In 1847, a monument of Emperor Keitai genealogy was erected in the precinct of Asuwa-jinja Shrine, which was proposed by Ohide TANAKA, a scholar of Japanese classical literature and materialized by his disciples, TACHIBANA no Akemi, 武万侶 IKEDA, 春村 YAMAGUCHI and 馬来田善包, the Asuwa-jinja Shrine priest.
- ただし、応神から継体に至る中間4代の系譜について『記紀』では省略されており、辛うじて鎌倉時代の『釈日本紀』に引用された『上宮記』逸文という史料によって知ることが出来る。
- The four generations from Ojin to Keitai is omitted in the genealogy of 'Kiki', and the only historical material on them is the barely surviving fragment of 'Joguki', quoted in 'Shaku Nihongi' which was established in Kamakura period.
- なお、隅田八幡宮(和歌山県橋本市)蔵の隅田八幡宮人物画像鏡(443年説と503年説)に見える「孚弟王(男弟王?)」は継体天皇を指すとする説がある(詳細は異説にて後述)。
- One theory says that '孚弟王 (Oto no kimi ?)' inscribed on Suda Hachiman Shrine Mirror in Sudahachiman-jinja Shrine (Hashimoto City, Wakayama Prefecture) (there are two theories about its year of creatoin: 443 and 503) indicates Emperor Keitai (details of this theory will be mentioned later in 'Heresy').
- ところが、それから1ヵ月も経たない2月21日 (旧暦)に左大臣藤原永手が急死して、式家の藤原良継が内臣として政権を握るようになったころから親王の運命は一変する事になる。
- On March 15, 771, within a month, FUJIWARA no Nagate died, and FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu from Shiki family took a governmental post and assumed the reins of government, the destiny of Crown prince Osabe changed drastically.
- 神奈川県湯河原町吉浜在住の藤中さんの農園で昭和初期頃発見された系統で、現在は湯河原町~小田原市を中心に早生みかんから晩生みかんへの中継役として育成されている品種である。
- It is an inherited cultivar of the one found at the farm of Mr. Fujinaka who lived in Yoshihama, Yugawara-machi, Kanagawa Prefecture during the early Showa era, and today, it is grown mainly in Yugawara-machi and Odawara City as an intermediate cultivar shipped between early grown mikan and late grown mikan.
- 摂関家内部に複数の摂関候補者が登場することとなり、それぞれの候補者が別個に天皇に娘を入内させて子をもうけたため、皇位継承は摂関家のパワーバランスに左右されることとなった。
- Within the regency family, there were some candidates for Regent and Chancellor that came forward, each candidate sent their daughter to the Imperial Palace to become the Emperor's consort and those daughters had children, there were power struggles, between the regency families, to control Imperial secession.
- だが、その草壁皇子までが急死してしまった為に皇后は皇位承継紛争を防ぐために、自ら中継として皇位につき(持統天皇)、草壁皇子の子である軽皇子(後の文武天皇)を皇太子とした。
- However after Prince Kusakabe, too, died suddenly, the Empress temporarily succeeded to the throne to prevent any dispute due to Imperial succession (Emperor Jito), she let Prince Kusakabe's child, Prince Karu (later called Emperor Monmu) become Crown Prince.
- 新井白石の危惧は現実のものとなり、第2代閑院宮典仁親王の王子・祐宮は皇嗣を儲けないまま22歳の若さで崩御した後桃園天皇の跡を継ぎ、安永8年(1779年)光格天皇となった。
- The concern that Hakuseki ARAI had, became apparent in real life, the second Kaninnomiya Imperial Prince Sukehito's Prince, Sachinomiya succeeded to Emperor Gomomozono who died without having any children when he was twenty two years old, then he became Emperor Kokaku in 1779.
- 慶応2年12月25日 (旧暦)(1867年1月30日)、孝明天皇の崩御を受け、儲君睦仁親王が翌慶応3年1月9日 (旧暦)(1867年2月13日)に践祚して皇位を継承した。
- After the death of the Emperor Komei on December 25, Keio 2 (old lunar calendar) (January 30, 1867), Imperial Prince Mutsuhito ascended and succeeded Imperial Throne in the following year, on January 9, Keio 3 (old lunar calendar) (February 13, 1867).
- これに対する批判としては、譲位法だとすると元明天皇、元正天皇、淳仁天皇、光仁天皇のようなもっと特殊な継承を正当化するためにも使えるはずなのに、それがないことが挙げられる。
- Against this theory, there is criticism pointing out that if it were a succession law, it can be used to justify such unusual cases as the successions of Empress Genmei, Empress Gensho, Emperor Junnin, and Emperor Konin, however the theory is not applied in these cases.
- 室町時代末期、戦国時代_(日本)には、朝廷の窮乏や戦乱のため、延期または行われなかったことなどもあるものの、天皇の代替わりに伴う重要な祭儀として、古くから継承されてきた。
- Although it was often delayed or canceled due to the financial difficulties of the Imperial court or the maelstrom of war in the last stage of the Muromachi period, that is to say, the Sengoku period (Japan) (period of warring states), the Onie no matsuri Festival has been succeeded as an important ceremony related to enthronements of emperors since long ago.
- 日本酒は、昔ながらの正統な味や質の継承と復活も去ることながら、輸出の伸張と国内消費を回復をめざして、2010年2月21日現在、次のような方向で多様な模索が続けられている。
- As of February 21, 2010, not only for the succession and revival of traditional orthodox tastes and quality but also for the extension of export and restoring of domestic consumption, various ways have been continuously sought in the following directions.
- 鎌倉時代にはいって書院造りが普及してから、「唐紙師(かみし)」という襖紙の専門家があらわれ、表具師(布や紙を具地に貼る)は分業化され、その名を引き継いで経師ともいわれた。
- After Shoin-zukuri style prevailed during the Kamakura period, the 'kami-shi,' a specialist in handling fusuma paper, appeared and the work of hyogu-shi (craftsman who pasted cloth or paper on the frame) was divided, kami-shi was also called kyo-ji, taking over its name.
- 後嵯峨の父は、父の後鳥羽に疎んじられて承久の乱の際も中立を守った土御門天皇であるが、このことが幕府の賛意を得ることになり、事実上、後嵯峨の皇位継承は幕府が決定したと言える。
- Emperor Gosaga's father, Emperor Tsuchimikado, was treated coldly by his own father, Emperor Gotoba, took a neutral position at the Jokyu Disturbance, it made a good impression on the Kamakura bakufu and practically all the bakufu approved Emperor Gosaga's Imperial succession to the throne.
- このことにより冷泉・円融両系の迭立に終止符が打たれ、皇位は永く円融天皇の直系に帰したが、三条天皇の血統もまた皇女禎子内親王を通じて以後の天皇家へ受け継がれていくことになる。
- Consequently, Emperor Reizei and Emperor Enyu would no longer share the Imperial Throne; thus the throne was kept with Emperor Enyu's direct descendant for a long time, as Emperor Sanjo's blood line was carried over to the next generation of the Imperial Family through Princess Teishi.
- また、安閑・宣化朝は実は父継体天皇死後直ぐに即位した弟の欽明天皇と並立していたとの説もあるが、いずれにせよ、宣化天皇の血統も石姫皇女を通して現在まで受け継がれることとなる。
- There is also a theory that Ankan and Senka era existed together with the era of Emperor Kinmei, who was the younger brother of them, ascended the throne shortly after the death of their father Emperor Keitai, but in any case, the bloodline of Emperor Senka was taken over until now though Ishihime no Miko.
- 宣化天皇が身罷った時に、先代安閑天皇の皇后であった春日山田皇女を中継ぎとして推薦したが、これは辞退されたためまだ若い欽明天皇が539年(宣化天皇4年12月5日)に即位した。
- Although Kasuga no Yamada no Himemiko (the empress of the former Emperor Ankan) was nominated as an interim successor upon the death of Emperor Senka, Emperor Kinmei at his young age succeeded the enthronement in 539 due to refusal by Kasuga no Yamada no Himemiko.
- 文保元年(1317年)伏見が崩御すると次の皇太子を巡り両統の争いが激しくなり、仲裁を期待された幕府は、以後の皇位継承に一定の基準を定めることを目的に次の3点を両統に示した。
- After the death of Fushimi in 1317, the dispute about the heir to the throne between the two imperial lineages became intense; accordingly, the bakufu, who was expected to reconcile the two, proposed the following three points, for the purpose of setting criteria for the heir to the throne.
- 垂仁天皇30年、天皇が兄弟に対しそれぞれが欲するものを尋ね、兄の五十瓊敷入彦命は「弓矢」を欲し、弟の大足彦命は「皇位」を望み、大足彦命が垂仁天皇の後継者に決まったとされる。
- In the 30th year of Emperor Suinin's reign, when the Emperor asked each one of these two brothers what they wanted, the older brother Inishikiiribiko no mikoto wanted 'bows and arrows' and the smaller brother Otarashihiko no mikoto wanted the 'Imperial Throne,' and in this way, it was decided that Otarashihiko no mikoto would be the successor to Emperor Suinin.
- 松平定信は寛政の改革の一環として天明の三分の一造り令を継続するとともに、「酒などというものは入荷しなければ民も消費しない」との考えのもとに下り酒の江戸入津を著しく制限した。
- Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA continued the production restriction decree of sake brewing to one-third in the Tenmei era as part of the Kansei Reform and severely limited the Edo Nyushin of kudarizake because he thought that 'people would not drink sake if it does not come in.'
- 一般的には記紀の記述を尊重し、過去に存在した女性天皇は何れも男系の女性天皇であり、また女性天皇が皇族男子以外と結婚して産んだ子が皇位を継いだことは一度としてないとされている。
- Generally the descriptions in the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) were respected for the details on female Emperors, all the female Emperors in history were female emperor of the male lineage, there were no examples of female emperors married to non Imperial Family members with her children succeeding to the throne.
- 忠実は柔弱な長男忠通に物足りなさを感じてか、強い個性の持ち主である次男頼長に望みを託し、ゆくゆくは摂関家を彼に継がせるつもりで、泰子の傘下に入れて庇護を得させるよう計らった。
- Tadazane was presumed not so happy about his eldest son, Tadamichi's soft character, he relied more on the second son, Yorinaga, who had a strong personality, Tadazane organized Yorinaga to be under Taishi's support as he wanted Yorinaga to succeed to the family eligible for regents and chancellor.
- また、仁賢の子の武烈天皇も跡継ぎがなく、応神天皇5世の孫とされる継体天皇が王位に就いているが、これにより仁徳以降の血統が途絶えていることから、王朝交代があったとする説もある。
- Also, Emperor Buretsu, son of Emperor Ninken, did not have a heir, and Emperor Ketai, who is said to be a descendant of five generations counting from Emperor Ojin, succeeded the throne, but since the blood line from Emperor Nintoku had been broken off by this, there is also a theory that a change of Dynasty took place.
- これは皇位の証として伝わる三種の神器のうち、剣と璽を大行天皇(前天皇)から承継するもので、剣については宮中にある天叢雲剣の複製品を用い、神璽は本物とされる八尺瓊勾玉を用いる。
- This is the ceremony to succeed the Sword and Ji, which are two of three sacred treasures passed from generations as a state of the Imperial succession, from the late Emperor (the former Emperor), the replica of the sword, Ama no murakumo no tsurugi, and the sacred jewel which is presumed to be real, yasakani no magatama from the Imperial Palace were used at the ceremony.
- 原因は心身のストレスであり、宮内庁は「将来にわたる皇統の問題を始め、皇室にかかわるもろもろの問題を憂慮されている」と述べ、ストレスの中心に皇位継承問題があるとの考えを示した。
- The Imperial Household Agency expressed its view that mental and physical stress is the root of these disorders, mainly coming from the anxiety over the issue related to the succession to the Imperial Throne, saying 'The Emperor is concerned about various problems related to the Imperial household including the issue over the succession to the Imperial Throne.'
- 『東武皇帝の実像ー戊辰の歴史に埋もれたもう一人の天皇』山陰久志(『別冊歴史読本 皇位継承の危機 皇室典範改正に向けて皇統の本義に迫る!』新人物往来社、2005年5月25日号)
- 'The truths of the Emperor Tobu - Another Emperor buried under the history of Boshin', Hisashi YAMAKAGE ('Separate volume history book, Crisis of succession to the Imperial Throne, Approach the basic principle of the imperial line toward Revision of Imperial House Act', Shinjinbutsu Oraisha, issued on May 25, 2005)
- 三種の神器は八咫鏡・八尺瓊勾玉・天叢雲剣で構成されるが、その内八咫鏡は祀られている賢所を含む宮中三殿を相続する事によって受継ぎ、八尺瓊勾玉・天叢雲剣を受継ぐ儀式が剣璽となる。
- The three sacred imperial treasures are composed of Yata-no-Kagami mirror, Yasakani-no-Magatama (comma-shaped jewel) and Ama-no-Murakumo-no-Tsurugi sword, each of which is enshrined in the Kyuchu-sanden (three sacred shrines in the imperial palace) including Kashiko-dokoro where the Yata-no-Kagami mirror is stored, while all of which, both jewels and shrines, are succeeded by the new emperor and the above said Kenji ceremony is held as a ritual for succession of Yasakani-no-Magatama and Ama-no-Murakumo-no-Tsurugi sword.
- 安信の子の狩野時信(1642 - 1678)は30代で没し、その子の狩野主信(うじのぶ、1675 - 1724)が家督を継ぐが、この系統からもその後目立った画人は出ていない。
- Tokinobu KANO (1642 - 1678), a son of Yasunobu, died in his thirties, and his son Ujinobu KANO (1675 - 1724) succeeded the family estate; however, subsequently this lineage had no distinguished painter.
- このときは、有力候補がおらず、廃太子となった恒貞親王や嵯峨の子である源融らが候補となったが、最終的には称徳崩御時の先例をとって、仁明の子で年配の光孝天皇が即位して皇位を継いだ。
- At this time there wasn't an appropriate successor and Imperia Prince Tsunesada, who had previously lost his position as Crown Prince, and Emperor Saga's child, MINAMOTO no Toru, were both appointed as successors, finally it was decided in favor of Emperor Ninmyo's child, Emperor Koko who was rather old to become a successor, became Emperor after following the example of when Emperor Shoko died.
- 晩年は政治改革と親王時代の住居であったとされる宇多院の近くに勅願寺創建を計画するも実現を見ぬままに終わり、後を継いだ宇多天皇の「寛平の治」及び仁和寺創建に継承されることになる。
- In his final years he aimed to undertake political reform and build a temple (by imperial order) near Uda-in, where he had spent his time during princehood; however, it didn't come true, and it was succeeded to the next Emperor, Uda, to rule 'the peaceful era of Kampyo' and build Ninna-ji Temple.
- 一方、『古事記』には暴君としての記録は無く、妻子がいなかったことと天皇の死後に袁本杼命(おおどのみこと、後の継体天皇)が皇位継承者として招かれたことの2つしか記述されていない。
- On the other hand in 'Kojiki' there is no record of him as tyrant and the only two things recorded are that he had no wife and children and ODO no Mikoto (the later Emperor Keitai) was asked to succeed the Imperial Throne after he had passed away.
- 用明天皇の崩御(587年)後に王位継承者として候補に挙がったらしいが、対立する蘇我系王族が台頭したため、以後の史料には活動が一切見えず、蘇我氏によって暗殺されたとの憶測もある。
- After the Emperor Yomei died in 587, he was raised up as the successor to the throne, but the Soga clan, the opposition appeared, and no further activities of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko is found in any historical documents; it is assumed that he was assassinated by the Soga clan.
- 昭和の初め頃に飯田十基(寅三郎)が推進した雑木の庭は、十基自ら「自然風」とよび(十基は他を「作庭式」と呼んだ)その後小形研三に継がれ、都市の人工化とともに急速に広まっていった。
- The garden of miscellaneous small trees propelled by Juki (Torasaburo) IDA in the early Showa era called by Juki as 'natural taste' (Juki called other gardens as 'gardening taste'), and the style was taken over by Kenzo OGATA and rapidly spread as cities became increasingly artificial.
- 基本的に、諸大名や将軍家では定紋を嫡子だけにしか継がせなかったため、また時代とともに一家系で持ちうる替紋(後述)の数が増えるに連れて、定紋の権威や価値や必要性は強まっていった。
- Basically, Daimyo and Shogun passed Jomon only to their heirs so, authority, value, and the necessity of Jomon were strengthened along with the increase of the number of Kae-mon (as bellow) which were allowed to be possessed.
- 裏千家の家元は四代である仙叟の諱「宗室」を受け継いでいるが、表千家・武者小路千家とは異なり初期は襲名をしていなかったらしく、また家元後嗣(若宗匠)が特定の名を名乗る伝統もない。
- Consecutive heads of the Ura-senke school have inherited the name 'Soshitsu,' which was the real personal name of Senso the 4th head of the school, but unlike the Omote-senke and Mushanokoji-senke schools, this school doesn't seem to have had a tradition of the current head inheriting the name of his predecessor during its early years or of the Wakasosho (the koshi, or successor, to the current head) assuming a special name.
- 平安時代以後の慣例として、退位する天皇が譲位の宣命を宣布する儀式とその後に行われる継承者(新帝)への剣璽を引き渡す儀式(剣璽渡御の儀)の2つを中心として儀式体系が組まれてきた。
- Following the Heian Period, a system of ceremonies centered on two rituals, one in which the abdicating emperor issued an edict proclaming his abdication, and the other in which the Kenji (the Sacred Sword and the Sacred Jewel) were passed down to the successor (the new emperor) became customary.
- 後嵯峨の子には、後深草天皇・亀山天皇の兄弟がいたが、互いに後嵯峨後継の治天の君の座を争い、その妥結として、両者の直系子孫が交互に皇位・治天位につく両統迭立が行われることとなった。
- Emperor Gosaga's children, the brothers of Emperor Gofukakusa, Emperor Kameyama, both fought against each for the position of Chiten no kimi as his father's successor, they came to an agreement to conduct Ryoto Tetsuritsu (sharing the Imperial throne from both Imperial lines) that the direct descendants of the each Imperial line would take turns to sharing the Imperial throne.
- 母兼子は藤原氏の下級貴族の出自だったが、父公衡の西園寺家は代々朝廷・鎌倉幕府間の連絡調整を担当する関東申次の要職を継承しており、公衡も関東申次として朝廷政務の枢要に当たっていた。
- Her mother, Kenshi was from the lower class of the FUJIWARA clan; her father, Kinhira was from the Saionji family which had been succeeding the important position in charge of coordination between the Imperil court and the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in Kanto Moshitsugi; Kinhira dealt with critical affairs of the Imperial court as Kanto moshitsugi.
- この際、皇統の連続性を示すため、中御門天皇直系の血を受け継ぐ唯一の皇女であった欣子内親王の新天皇への入内を計画されており、この観点から未婚の祐宮師仁が選定されたとも言われている。
- At this time, it was planned for Imperial Princess Yoshiko to make an Imperial Consort's bridal entry for the new Emperor into the court to keep the Imperial blood line for Imperial succession, since she was the only person who had Emperor Nakamikado's blood line, therefore, it was said Sachinomiya Morohito who was not married, was chosen as the new Emperor.
- 久寿2年(1155年)に近衛天皇が死去すると、皇位継承者を決定する王者議定は、鳥羽、美福門院、藤原忠通、信西らの主導の下、重仁親王と守仁親王を候補者として審議されることとなった。
- In 1155, after Emperor Konoe died, it was discussed by Emperor Toba, Bifuku mon in, FUJIWARA no Tadamichi and Shinzei, in the Emperor's agreement to decide upon the imperial successor, the two candidates being Imperial Prince Shigehito and Imperial Prince Morihito.
- 後白河法皇と清盛との対立も高倉天皇を悩ませた、治承3年(1179年)11月、近衛家の所領継承問題に不満を持った清盛がクーデターを断行して法皇を幽閉してしまった(治承三年の政変)。
- It was a headache for Emperor Takakura that Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa and Kiyomori opposed each other, there was an incident where Kiyomori had complained about the issue of land succession for the Konoe family in November 1179, he carried out a coup and confined the Emperor (The coup of Jisho san nen).
- これらの皇族に対しても律令の定めにより一定の所得が与えられることで財政を圧迫する要因となったため、皇位継承の可能性がなくなった皇族たちを臣籍降下させることが行われるようになった。
- Such Imperial Families were allowed to receive a certain income under the Statutes, but it caused too much financial strain, consequently, they were encouraged to accept demotion from nobility to common subject.
- 1978年から鎌倉市教育委員会によって二階堂と阿弥陀堂、薬師堂を中心とする主要伽藍とこれら建物の前面に広がる庭園の遺構を確認することに主眼を定めた発掘調査が継続して行われている。
- Excavation researches aiming principally at certification of remains of major temples mainly the Nikai-do Temple, the Amida-do Temple and the Yakushi-do Temple, and gardens spread in front of these temples have been continuously conducted by the Board of Education of Kamakura City since 1978.
- 国史『日本三代実録』を完成させ、また律令政治の基本法である三代格式の撰修に取り掛かったりしたが、完成に至らぬまま早世し、弟藤原忠平らがその志を継いで延長5年(927年)に完成した。
- He finished making National History, 'Nihon San-dai Jitsuroku' and also entered into editing the San-dai Kyakushiki government, which was the basic law of ritsuryo codes, but he died without finishing it, and in 927 his brother FUJIWARA no Tadahira succeeded in Tokihira's desire to finish it.
- 井上内親王の光仁天皇呪詛事件は、山部親王の立太子をもくろむ藤原良継や藤原百川ら藤原式家一派の陰謀だと(あるいは彼らの政治的圧力によって内親王が追い詰められた結果とも)いう説がある。
- There is a theory which states that the incident of Imperial Princess Inoe's curse on Emperor Konin was a plot of the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan, such as FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and FUJIWARA no Momokawa, who attempted to install Imperial Prince Yamanobe as the Crown Prince (or that the Imperial Princess was brought to bay by their political power).
- ハーモニカと異なり、吸っても吹いても同じ音が出せるので、他の管楽器のような息継ぎが不要であり、同じ音をずっと鳴らし続けることも出来る(呼吸を替える時に瞬間的に音量が低下するのみ)。
- Unlike with a harmonica, inhaling or exhaling does not make any difference to the sound produced, and the player does not need to stop to take breaths as with another wind instruments, allowing a long period of uninterrupted play of the same sound (the volume of the sound is briefly lowered when the player switches his or her breath from inhaling to exhaling and vice versa).
- 手揉みにはチャノキの産地毎に数多くの流派がありそれぞれに手順が異なるが、総じて1回に煎茶数百グラムを得るのに4時間から7時間を要し、力を使う重労働であるために後継者が不足している。
- There are many schools of hand-rolling and each of them has different procedure according to region, but generally, it takes four to seven hours to obtain several hundred grams of green tea at a time and it is hard work that requires muscle strength, so successors are lacking.
- 古くから女帝(呉音じょてい、漢音にょたい)と呼ばれることが多かったが、皇位継承問題の議論が盛んとなった2004年以降、日本の公文書や報道等では女性天皇の表現が用いられるようになった。
- They were often called female Emperor (they were also called Jotei in Goon and Nyotai in Karagoe), after there was active argument of the issue of Imperial succession since 2004, they were commonly called female Emperor in an official document or in the publication.
- 実際、女系を認めた場合男系で継承する王朝交代の原則に従い前述した通り次々と王朝が交代していくこととなり現皇室との関係は年を追って薄れていくことになり、あながち否定することもできない。
- In fact, this cannot be denied; in case that the Female-line Emperor is approved, dynasty changes one after another, prescribed earlier in accordance with the principle; dynasty change in male-line succession, and the relationship with present imperial household is getting thinner year by year.
- 後白河法皇の死後は自ら親政及び院政を行ったが、治天の君として土御門天皇を退かせて寵愛する順徳天皇を立てその子孫に皇位継承させた事には貴族社会からは勿論、他の親王達からの不満を買った。
- After the Cloistered Emperor Go-Shirakawa died, Go-Toba-in, as a Chiten no kimi, ruled the government directly or started a cloister government, whereupon he forced Emperor Tsuchimikado to abdicate from the throne and let his favorite (the future Emperor Juntoku) assume the throne, followed by Emperor Juntoku's descendants as successors; thus it is needless to say that the lords and princes were hostile against him due to this incident.
- かつては尾形光琳・尾形乾山とその作風を継承した酒井抱一らを一つのグループとみなし「光琳派」と呼んだり、その先駆者と考えられる俵屋宗達・本阿弥光悦らを含めて「宗達光琳派」と呼んでいた。
- In the past, Korin OGATA, Kenzan OGATA and Hoitsu SAKAI who took over their style were regarded as a school, being referred to as the 'Korin school,' whereas, the Korin school, in addition to the artists such as Sotatsu TAWARAYA and Koetsu HONAMI, who were considered to be the predecessors of that school, were collectively known as the 'Sotatsu-Korin school.'
- 牛丼太郎、牛丼販売継続の方針をしめし、米国産牛肉の在庫がなくなる2月中旬ごろから牛丼への一時的豚肉混合(同年2月中旬-3月中旬頃)やオージー・ビーフへの切り替え等の対応をおこなった。
- Showing its policy to continue gyudon sales, Gyudontaro started to take measures around the mid-February, when it was about to run out the stock of U.S. beef; for example, it mixed pork as a temporary measure (from the mid-February to mid-March) and switched to Australian beef.
- この様な世相に煽られ公的な弓道場が姿を消していく中、私設弓道場を開くなど弓術古来からの伝統を正しく引き継ごうとする真摯な弓術家の活動により、日本弓道の命脈・伝統文化は保たれていった。
- While the public Kyudo dojos (training halls) disappeared under such social conditions, Japanese Kyudo and its traditional culture survived thanks to activities by sincere Kyujutsu-ka (those who do Kyujutsu), who worked on properly passing down the ancient Kyujutsu traditions by opening private Kyudo dojos, etc.
- そのため、直系男子による皇統が一旦断絶したとしても、古くは継体天皇から光仁天皇、光孝天皇、後嵯峨天皇、後花園天皇、光格天皇に至るまで、傍系ではあるが全て男系により皇統がつながれてきた。
- Therefore, even though Imperial line of direct male Imperial members was discontinued, between the era of Emperor Keitai in old days through to Emperor Konin, Emperor Koko, Emperor Gosaga, Emperor Gohanazono, Emperor Kokaku, the Imperial line was passed by the male Imperial members although it was a collateral line.
- いずれも明治3年1月3日(1870年2月3日)の明治天皇の即位に際して発せられた詔勅「…立極垂統、列皇相承、継之述之…宣明治教以宣揚惟神之大道也…」に出典を求め、命名されたものである。
- The source of these two names is in the Imperial Rescript issued on February 3, 1870 when the Emperor Meiji ascended the throne, which said 'Today's prosperity is due to successive deities ascended the throne to establish the natural order and nurture everything... Japanese people are expected to live following the deities' will.'
- それまでは、自然崇拝や祖霊崇拝であった観念が、家畜や器物(生活の道具)にまで及び、「もの」を粗末にしないようにとの思いから、九十九神などの神霊の観念が生まれ、江戸時代まで引き継がれた。
- The philosophy which had been for ancestor worship and nature worship, began to cover livestock and properties (tools used in daily life), and in order to save on things, the idea of divine spirits such as Tsukumogami (the divine spirit that resides in old tools or creatures) was developed, which was inherited down to the Edo period.
- 千利休の没後、傍系の少庵(後妻の連子)の後を継いだ千宗旦が京都に屋敷を構え、次男 宗守・三男 宗左・四男 宗室にそれぞれ武者小路千家・表千家・裏千家を興させたのが三千家の始まりである。
- After the passing of SEN no Rikyu, SEN no Sotan who succeeded Shoan (Rikyu's stepson) of a collateral line set up the residence in Kyoto and had his second son Soushu, third son Sosa and fourth son Soshitsu start Mushanokoji-senke, Omote-senke and Ura-senke, respectively, which marked the beginning of the three Senke.
- 旧皇族は、貞常親王の兄彦仁王が、皇子を遺さずに死去した称光天皇の跡を継いで天皇(第102代後花園天皇)となって以後、現在の皇室とは血統が完全に分岐しているため、男系での血縁は非常に遠い。
- After Emperor Shoko died without having any children to succeed his position, the former Imperial family was succeeded by Imperial Prince Sadatsune's older brother, Prince Hikohito, (the hundred and second Emperor Gohanazono) since the family was not succeeded by the original Imperial blood line, there was no direct continuity of the blood line from male side of the Imperial Family.
- 2006年9月に41年ぶりの男性皇族である秋篠宮悠仁親王が誕生したが、若い男性皇族不足が解決されたわけでもないため、皇位継承問題は終わっていない(問題を先送りしただけ)とする意見がある。
- In September 2006, the male Imperial member, Imperial Prince Akishinonomiya Hisahito was born for the first time in forty one years, however the issue of the shortage of male Imperial members was yet unsolved, the Imperial succession problem still remains the same.
- 本来、父の花園天皇は持明院統においては傍流であり、その皇位は嫡流である後伏見天皇-光厳天皇-崇光天皇の系統に引き継がれるものと考えられていたために親王は皇位継承に与れる立場にはなかった。
- Because his father, Emperor Hanazono was originally a branch line of the Jimyo-in Imperial line, Imperial Prince was not in a position to succeed the throne; the throne was supposed to be succeeded by the main line; Emperor Gofushimi-Emperor Kogon-Emperor Suko.
- 威仁親王の嗣子・栽仁王は父に先じて早世したが、有栖川宮3代の勲功に鑑み、大正天皇は親王の臨終に際し、特旨を以って第3皇子・高松宮宣仁親王に高松宮の称号を与え、有栖川宮家の祭祀を継がせた。
- Prince Takehito's adopted child, Prince Tanehito, died before his father, but he endeavored to make the third generation of Arisugawa no miya, and when the Prince died the Emperor Taisho gave the name of Takamatsu no miya, as an exception, to the third prince, Takamatsu no miya Nobuhito, to succeed Arisugawa no miya in family events.
- これは戦時体制下で過度に利用されたが、皇国史観それ自体は極度に否定されるものではなく、長い日本の歴史の歩みの中で国民に継承されてきた伝統、文化的な価値観として肯定的に評価するものである。
- Although it was overly exploited by the wartime regime, the Kokoku Shikan (an emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto) itself should not be seen as something to be vehemently denied, but as something that should be positively valued as representing cultural values that have been passed down from one generation of the Japanese people to the next over the course of Japan's long history.
- 第二次世界大戦後、愛子内親王などの皇族の女子が誕生する一方で、秋篠宮文仁親王誕生以降は悠仁親王の誕生まで約40年もの間皇族の男子が誕生せず、皇位継承の権利を持つ皇族の男子が不足している。
- After World War II, the Imperial family had princesses such as Imperial Princess Aiko, but no prince was born for about 40 years since the birth of Imperial Prince Akishinonomiya Fumihito and now no one could have the right to succeed to the Imperial throne.
- 天皇の実子である英仁親王(のちの後桃園天皇)は未だ5歳であったことから、摂関家当主らの合議の上、故天皇の異母姉で、舎子の実子である智子内親王が、英仁親王が成長するまでの中継ぎとして即位。
- As the Emperor's own child, Imperial Prince Hidehito (later Emperor Gomomozono), was just five years old at that time, the heads of the line of regents and advisers (advisors) consulted together and decided that Imperial Princess Toshiko, the late Emperor's half sister and Ieko's own child, should be enthroned as an interim emperor until Imperial Prince Hidehito becomes older.
- したがって神武天皇に関する説話は何らかの形で創作されたものであるとする意見が強く、崇神天皇、応神天皇、継体天皇、または記紀編纂時期の天武天皇を基に創作したとする「モデル論」も盛んである。
- Therefore, the majority of opinion is that tales regarding Emperor Jimmu was created in some form, and 'theory of model' that tales of Emperor Jimmu was created based on Emperor Sujin, Emperor Ojin and Emperor Keitai, or Emperor Temmu at the time of compilation of the Kojiki and Nihonshoki is also popular.
- ただし、雅楽本来の合奏形態としては、応仁の乱以降、徳川幕府が楽師の末裔(楽家)をあつめて再編するまでは、100年以上断絶していたので、平安時代の形態をどこまで継承しているかは疑問である。
- However, the original ensemble form of Gagaku was discontinued for more than 100 years until the Tokugawa shogunate gathered the descendants of the musicians (Raku families) and rebuilt it after the turmoil of the Onin War, and it is doubtful how faithfully the style from the Heian period has been inherited.
- 万治元年(1658年)に前田利常と元伯宗旦が相次いで没すると、裏千家の4代を継承し、寛文11年(1671年)に前田綱紀に茶堂として仕官して百五十石と金沢城下の味噌蔵町の屋敷を与えられた。
- When Toshitsune MAEDA and Sotan GEMPAKU died in 1658, Soshitsu SENSO succeeded the Urasenke school to become its 4th head, and in 1671 when he was retained by Tsunanori MAEDA as a tea server, he was given a 150 koku salary and a residence at Misogura-cho in Kanazawa-jo castle town.
- 具体的には、皇玄孫までを皇族としその子孫は臣籍に下すこと、ただし宮家を継承する長男のみは例外とするが、これも皇玄孫のさらに4世(玄孫)までを皇族としそれ以降の世代は臣籍に下すことになった。
- Great-great grand children of the Imperial Family would still be called members of the Imperial Family, other descendants were to be demoted from nobility to subject, except for the eldest son who will succeed to the Miyake, and in this case four generations after a great-great grandchild of the Imperial Family, would still be called members of the Imperial Family, after that, the descendants were to be demoted from nobility to subject.
- 父・文徳天皇は皇太子として第四皇子である惟仁親王(後の清和天皇)を立てた後、惟喬親王にも皇位を継承させようとしたが、藤原良房の反対を危惧した源信の諫言により実現できなかったといわれている。
- His father, Emperor Montoku appointed his forth Prince, Imperial Prince Korehito (later called Emperor Seiwa) as Crown Prince, and tried to let Imperial Prince Koretaka succeed to the throne, however this did not happened as MINAMOTO no Makoto was concerned that FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa would be against this and he remonstrated his concern to the Emperor.
- だが、後三条天皇の後を継いだ白河天皇が父である後三条院の遺命に背き、異母弟輔仁親王を皇位継承から排除して、我が子善仁親王(後の堀河天皇、陽明門院からみれば曾孫にあたる)への譲位を強行した。
- However Emperor Shirakawa, who succeeded to the throne after his father, Emperor Gosanjo, did not obey his father's will to let his half younger brother, Imperial Prince Sukehito succeeded to the throne, instead, Emperor Shirakawa forced his own son, Imperial Prince Taruhito (later called Emperor Horikawa, Yomeimonin's great grandchild) succeed to the throne.
- また、『西宮記』によると節会などの重い儀式には「摺唐衣」もしくは「海浦唐衣」とよばれる波の文様を摺った(描き絵の代用品も多い)ものと、赤い目染裳が用いられ、そのしきたりは中世まで継続した。
- According to 'Saiguki' (exemplary book on Heian rituals), the ones dyed with a wave pattern (many were substituted by drawing) called 'suri-karaginu' (dyed karaginu) or 'kaibu-karaginu' (ocean pattern karaginu), and red mezome-mo (tie-dye clothes) were used for important ceremonies such as Sechi-e (seasonal court banquets), and this practice continued until the medieval period.
- 伏見宮家のほか、桂宮・有栖川宮・閑院宮の各世襲親王家に共通することであるが、これら4家が親王の地位を世襲し皇位継承権を維持できたのは、血縁によるものではなく、あくまでも家の特権としてである。
- It is commonly known that other hereditary Imperial Families such as; Katsuranomiya, Arisugawanomiya, Kaninnomiya, and including Fushiminomiya, were able to succeed to positions of Imperial princes and maintain the Imperial succession, because they enjoyed the special privilege of the family, not because they had close blood lines to the main family.
- 女性皇族と非皇族男子との間の子に皇位継承権がなかったとの事実も、あったとの事実もまた確認されていないが、当時女性皇族を母に持つ人間は「宮腹」と呼ばれ、普通の貴族より高貴な存在と目されていた。
- It is uncertain whether a child between a female member of the Imperial Family and a male member of a non-Imperial Family member obtains the right to succeed the throne or not; the person whose mother is a member of the Imperial Family was regarded nobler than their general peers, so called `Miyahara' (born to a female member of the Imperial Family).
- また、従来の反幕府の態度を一転させて皇女八十宮吉子内親王と征夷大将軍徳川家継の婚約を実現させて中御門天皇と近衛基熙を出し抜いて幕府との連携に転じるが、こちらは家継死去のために挫折に終わった。
- Additionally, he changed his anti-shogunate attitude and organized the engagement of Princess Yasonomiya Yosiko and Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), Ietsugu TOKUGAWA, outflanking the Emperor Nakamikado and Motohiro KONOE, in order to have a better relationship with the government of Edo, but this collapsed after the death of Ietsugu.
- 皇位継承の儀式については、皇室典範を根拠とし皇室典範に属する法体系、いわゆる「宮務法」として公布された皇室令のひとつ、登極令(明治42年皇室令第1号)及び同附式によって細かく定められていた。
- In terms of the ceremony for Imperial succession, there were details in the Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne (No.1 of Imperial Family Regulation in Meiji 42 (1909)) or 同附式 which was issued as one of the Imperial Family Regulations, what it is called '宮務法,' while the form of these regulations belong to Imperial Family Law based on the Imperial Family Law.
- 「古事記」に見える王名「袁本杼(ヲホド)」と鏡の銘文に記された「男弟(ヲオト)」とは6世紀初頭における発音は異なっていたので、鏡にある「男弟(ヲオト)」は継体天皇ではないと解釈する説がある。
- Also, there is a theory which claims that the 'Wooto' on the mirror cannot be identified as Emperor Keitai because the pronunciation of 'Wohodo', the King's name in 'Kojiki', differed from 'Wooto' in the inscription on the mirror in the early sixth century.
- しかし韓国併合により朝鮮は日本の植民地となり、旧皇帝家は『王』家となり、その跡継ぎは王世子となった(前韓國皇帝ヲ册シテ王ト爲シ皇太子及將來ノ世嗣、太皇帝及各其儷匹ノ稱呼ヲ定メ竝ニ禮遇ノ件)。
- However, Korea became a colony of Japan by the annexation of Korea, the former emperor family became a 'king' family, and his successor became 王世子 (crown prince) (act of making the former Emperor of Korea a king, defining the titles of crown prince, future successors, and their empresses, and treating them with courteous reception).
- しかし戦後に、歴史とりわけ天皇に関する自由な研究が認められることになったことから、継体は従来の大王家とは血縁のない「新王朝の始祖(初代大王)」とする説(水野祐「三王朝交代説」)が提唱された。
- But after the World War II, it was allowed to conduct the study of history, especially study of emperor more freely, which gave rise to a theory claiming that Keitai was the 'founder of a new dynasty (the first king)' ('Changes of Dynasties Theory' by Yu MIZUNO).
- また、翌年には梅宮(後の文智女王)が生まれて再び延期となったため、不行跡として母与津子と妹梅宮は宮中より追放させられ、伯父四辻季継・高倉嗣良を含む公卿にも流罪や出仕差し止めの処分が下された。
- In 1619, judai was postponed again due to birth of Umenomiya (later Proncess Bunchi); therefore, his mother, Yotsuko, and younger sister, Umenomiya were expelled from the Imperial Court for misconduct, and court nobles including his uncles, Suetsugu YOTSUTSUJI and Tsuguyoshi TAKAKURA were also subject to punishment in the form of banishment or suspension of attendance.
- 古浄瑠璃時代にはその人の名を付して何某節と呼ばれていたように、浄瑠璃の流派は多分に個性的な名人芸の代名詞として行われ、決してそれがひとつの様式として後代に受け継がれる性格のものではなかった。
- As is clear from the fact that they were referred to with the names of individuals attached to the days of old Joruri, various schools of Joruri were synonymous with the masterly performances of individuals instead of the ones to be inherited as patterns.
- 一度臣籍に下った者が皇位につくのは、日本の皇位継承史の中でも極めて異例であるが天皇の子の身分の決定は天皇の専権事項である(臣籍に降ろした実子を皇族に戻す事も許される)として押し切ったのである。
- It was an unusual example of Japanese Imperial succession for an Imperial member who had been demoted from nobility to subject, to come back and succeed the throne, it was forced to decision because the Emperor had the absolute right to chose the rank of the Emperor's children.
- さらに大正9年(1920年)には「皇族ノ降下ニ関スル施行準則」が制定され、この準則が制定されてから旧皇室典範が廃止されるまで宮号を有しない又は継承しない王のうち、12人が華族に列せられている。
- Furthermore, in 1920 ' The general standard of effectuation in terms of Imperial family's descent' was established, after that, out of the Princes who did not have a Miya go title or those who were not succeeding the family, twelve joined the new nobility.
- 君主を含む権力者が、世襲その他のあらかじめ決められている地位継承の規定や慣例によらず、有能であるなどの理由で、その地位にふさわしいと考える者に自分の地位を譲ることは、譲位ではなく、禅譲と言う。
- The transfer of a position from a powerful person, including a monarch, to another person who he considers is appropriate for the position because he is capable, regardless of heredity or predetermined regulations or customs of succession of a position, is not an abdication of the throne, but jozen (peaceful transfer of power).
- 牛丼太郎は牛丼販売継続の方針をしめし、米国産牛肉の在庫がなくなる2月中旬ごろから牛丼への一時的豚肉混合(同年2月中旬-3月中旬頃)やオージー・ビーフへのきりかえ、価格改定等の対応をおこなった。
- Showing its policy to continue gyudon sales, Gyudontaro started to take measure around the mid-February, when it was about to run out the stock of beef; for example, it mixed pork temporarily (from the mid-February to mid-March), switched over to Australian beef, and revised the price.
- 旧皇族との関連で言えば、準則は、伏見宮系の皇族を皇位継承者として確保することよりも、むしろ邦家親王の子孫からこれ以上宮家・皇族が増加することを抑制し、将来的には自然消滅に導くことを志向していた。
- Regarding the former Imperial Family, the purpose of the regulation was to prevent increasing the numbers of Miyake and prevent Imperial Family members spreading from among the Imperial Prince's descendants and to let it die out in the future accordingly, not to keep the Imperial succession from the Fushiminomiya line.
- ただ、光孝はあくまで中継ぎとの立場をとり、自身の皇子を全て臣籍降下させていたが、死去直前になっても後継者を立てていなかったため、緊急措置として急遽、光孝の子の源定省が立太子され宇多天皇となった。
- However, Emperor Koko succeeded to the throne temporarily and he allowed all his children to be demoted to commoners; as he did not decide upon a successor before his death, Emperor Koko's child MINAMOTO no Sadami was hurriedly made Crown Prince as an emergency measure just prior to the emperor's death and he subsequently succeeded to the throne as Emperor Uda.
- 「癸未」を503年、「男弟王」を(おおと)男大迹王と解釈すると、継体天皇は癸未武烈天皇5年8月10日 (旧暦)(503年9月18日)の時点では、大和の意柴沙加宮忍坂宮にいたとする仮説が成り立つ。
- Interpreting 'Yin Water Sheep' as 503 and 'Otonokimi' as Odonookimi leads to the hypothesis that Emperor Keitai lived in Oshisaka no Miya Palace = (Oshisaka no Miya Palace) on August 10, Yin Water Sheep Buretsu era 5 (the old calendar) (September 18, 503).
- しかし承久の乱以後、実際の皇位継承に関しては鎌倉幕府の承認が必要な慣例となっており、仁治3年(1242年)四条天皇の崩御に際し、幕府は有力候補であった岩倉宮忠成王の即位を覆し後嵯峨を即位させた。
- After the Jokyu War, however, approval of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was required for the effective succession of the imperial throne; in fact, because of the demise of Emperor Shijo in 1242, the Kamakura bakufu rejected Prince Iwakuranomiya Tadanari, a promising successor, and instead made Gosaga take over the imperial throne.
- これは伏見が亀山の院政下に即位し、その後を後二条が継ぐことを念頭に置いた措置であったと推定されているが、同10年(1287年)伏見の即位に伴い、治天の地位が後深草に移動、後深草院政が開始された。
- Supposedly, it was intended to allow Gonijo succeed the throne after Fushimi who took over the throne in the cloistered government of Kameyama, but the position of chiten was transferred to Gofukakusa with the enthronement of Fushimi in 1287, thereby the rule by retired Emperor Gofukakusa began.
- 死の前日に、女帝は敏達天皇の嫡孫・田村皇子を枕元に呼び、謹しんで物事を明察するように諭し、さらに聖徳太子の子山背大兄王にも、他人の意見を納れるように誡めただけで、後継者の指名は避けたようである。
- A day before her death, the Empress summoned Prince Tamura, the legitimate grandchild of Emperor Bidatsu, to her bedside and admonished him to see things through respectfully and also rebuked Prince YAMASHIRO no Oe to listen to opinions of other people, apparently avoiding appointment of her successor.
- 翌元和5年には秀忠自身が上洛して参内し、与津子の兄弟である四辻季継・高倉嗣良を含む近臣らを配流し、与津子と所生の皇女文智女王らを宮中より追放することなどで合意した(およつ一件、お与津御寮人事件)。
- In the following year, in 1619, Hidetada came to the Palace, and the issue was resolved by sentencing some close aides including Yotsuko's brothers, Suetsugu YOTSUTSUJI and Tsuguyoshi TAKAKURA to banishment, and expelling Yotsuko and Princess Bunchi from the Imperial Palace. (The Oyotsu incident, The Oyotsu oryonin incident)
- これらの奇行と当時の摂政だった藤原実頼と外戚関係を持たず、逆に有力な跡継ぎとされていた為平親王が伯父の源高明を舅とし、藤原氏を刺激した(安和の変の伏線となる)事等が僅か2年で退位する原因となった。
- In addition to the above strange behavior, Emperor Reizei had no maternal relationship with the regent, FUJIWARA no Saneyori, and Imperial Prince Tamehira, who was considered to be a powerful successor to the throne, had MINAMOTO no Takaakira as father-in-law; this inflamed the FUJIWARA clan (and became a foreshadowing of the Anna Incident), and consequently Emperor Reizei abdicated within just two years after his enthronement.
- これによると、男子の直系は「凡牟都和希王(ほむたわけのおおきみ・応神天皇) ─ 若野毛二俣王 ─ 大郎子(一名意富富杼王) ─ 乎非王 ─斯王(彦主人王) ─ 乎富等大公王(継体天皇)」とされる。
- This material identifies the direct male descendants of Emperor as follows; 'Homutawake no Okimi (Emperor Ojin) - Wakanukefutamata no Miko - Oiratsuko (a man whose name is Ohodo no Okimi) - Oi no Okimi - Okimi (Hikoushio) - Odo no Okimi (Emperor Keitai)'.
- 皇位継承と無関係とするものには、藤原氏が天皇家を輔佐することを定めた法だとする説、天皇を隋唐の皇帝のような専制君主と定めた法だとする説、天皇家が代々統治する原則を定めたとする皇統君臨説などがある。
- Among the theories that argue the code's indifference with the imperial succession, a theory that it is a law to establish the regent of the Fujiwara clan, theory that it is a law to establish an imperial autocrat similar to that of the emperors in the Sui and Tang periods, and the theory that it is a norm that establishes the imperial family's successive rule, can be found.
- 歴代の当主・継嗣は、そのときどきの天皇または上皇の猶子となることによって擬制的な親子関係を構築し、そのことを根拠にして親王宣下により親王の地位と称号を与えられて、皇位継承権を保障されてきたのである。
- The successive head of the family or the successors to the family created fictitious relationships to emperors and retired emperors of each era, by being adopted as their children, then they were able to receive title of Imperial Prince by the Imperial Order which secured their position to succeed to the Imperial throne.
- しかし、皇位継承資格の第一条件である神武天皇の男系子孫であるという点では変わりがなく、また4宮家5名の皇族が明治天皇及び昭和天皇の皇女と婚姻しているため、これらの皇族は女系では天皇家と近親に当たる。
- However the family was still succeeded by male descendants of Emperor Jinmu, the main condition for Imperial succession, and the five members of four Miyake married to the Princess of Emperor Meiji or Emperor Showa, these Imperial members are close relatives on female side of the Imperial Family.
- このルールは、激しい皇位承継紛争を未然に防止して天智皇統の復活を阻止しようとした代わりに、承継候補者を限定してしまったため、却って皇統の断絶(結果的には天智皇統の復活)という結果を招くこととなった。
- Although this rule prevented severe disputes due to Imperial succession and stopped Emperor Tenji's Imperial line from returning, it in fact limited the successors of Imperial succession and caused the discontinuity of the Imperial family line. (As a result of this, Emperor Tenji's Imperial line was restored.)
- また、皇位継承順位の変更は、「皇嗣精神若ハ身体ノ不治ノ重患アリ又ハ重大ノ事故アルトキ」(旧典範9条)、「精神若しくは身体の不治の重患があり、又は重大な事故があるとき」(現典範3条)のみに許されている。
- The change of the order of succession to the Imperial Throne is permitted only if 'The Crown Prince has any mental or physical incurable diseases or serious hindrance' (Article 9 of Former Imperial House Act) or 'has any mental or physical incurable diseases or serious hindrance' (Article 3 of Imperial House Law).
- 室町時代初期、南北朝時代 (日本)に最盛期を迎え、やがて戦国時代 (日本)以降、寺院勢力のそぎ落としを狙う支配者たちの政策のもとに衰えていったが、この酒の味を引き継ごうと志す奈良流の造り酒屋は多かった。
- Bodaisen was in its prime in the early Muromachi period (in other words, the period of the Northern and Southern Courts), and after a while, from the Period of Warring States, it went into decline under the Japan rulers' policies to weaken the power of temples, but still, there were many sake brewers who would inherit the brewing method of Bodaisen from Nara temples.
- また、天正12(1584)年に41歳の男盛りだった伊達輝宗が嫡男の伊達政宗に家督を譲ったことで、政宗とその弟伊達小次郎の後継者争いを抑え、政宗が飛躍する足がかりを作ったことも、隠居の成功例として有名だ。
- Also famous is successful inkyo Terumune DATE in 1584 when he was just 41 in his virility, he handed over the reigns of the family to his legitimate eldest son Masamune DATE, and brought under control of the conflict between Masamune and his younger brother Kojiro DATE for succession, and it gave Masamune a chance to take a giant step.
- 邦英王は、1930年(昭和5年)5月に成年となり、貴族院皇族議員となったが、東伏見宮家の祭祀を継承するため、1931年(昭和6年)4月に願いにより「東伏見」の家名を賜い、華族に列せられ、伯爵を授けられた。
- Prince Kunihide reached adulthood in May 1930 to be an Imperial representative of the House of Peers, but, to take over religious services of the Higashifushiminomiya family, he asked for and received a family name of 'Higashifushimi' in April 1931 to become a peer with a countship.
- これにより近衛が継嗣のないまま死去した場合には重仁への皇位継承が可能となったが、その後、崇徳の同母弟雅仁親王の王子守仁親王をも養子としたために、後年の保元の乱の原因となる跡目争いへの種が蒔かれてしまった。
- Given the above, in the event Konoe had no chance of succeeding to the Imperial Throne, there was a possibility for Shigehito to become a successor to the throne; however, Imperial Prince Morihito, the son of Sutoku's younger half-brother Imperial Prince Masahito, was also adopted, so that it ultimately became a factor of the Hogen War as a fight for imperial succession in later years.
- 用明天皇の崩御後押坂彦人大兄皇子と共に有力皇位継承権者であったと日本書紀等では記されているが、穴穂部皇子を推す勢力から敵視され、用明天皇2年(587年)にはその一派である中臣勝海に像を作り呪詛されている。
- Although Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) reported that he was a leading successor to the imperial throne together with Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko after the death of the Emperor Yomei, a powerful party supporting the Prince Anahobe regarded him as hostile, and he was cursed by NAKATOMI no Katsumi, a member of the party by making a statue of him in 587.
- 慶応3年(1867年)5月、江戸に下って上野の寛永寺に入り、同月慈性入道親王の隠退に伴って三山管領宮(寛永寺貫主・日光輪王寺門跡・天台座主(正確には比叡山延暦寺座主)を兼ね、東叡大王ともいう)を継承した。
- In June 1867, he traveled down to Edo and entered Kanei-ji Temple in Ueno, then succeeded to Sanzan Kanryo no miya (also called Toei Daio and serve as chief priest of Kanei-ji Temple, Nikko Rinno-ji Temple Monzeki (head priest), Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect) (to be precise, zasu (temple's head priest)of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei) at the same time) along with the retirement of Imperial Prince and Monk Jisho in the same month.
- 正徳6年2月18日(1716年4月10日)には納采の儀を済ませるも、そのわずか2ヶ月後の享保元年4月30日(1716年6月19日))に家継が死去したため、史上初の武家への皇女降嫁、関東下向には至らなかった。
- After the ceremony of exchanging betrothal presents was held on April 10, 1716, Ietsugu died just after two months after the ceremony on June 19, 1716, the descending marriage from the Imperial Princess to the Samurai family, the first time in the history, going to Kanto did not happen.
- 当時、皇位承継するにはその父が院でなければならないという慣例ができており、やむなく皇位についたことのない守貞親王が後高倉院として治天の地位について院政を開始し、その子が後堀河天皇として即位することとなった。
- At that time, a custom prevailed that the successor of the Imperial throne should have a father who was a retired Emperor, therefore Imperial Prince Morisada who previously had no position in the Imperial Palace, succeeded to the position to start to rule the Cloistered government as Gotakakurain against his will, and his son became Emperor Gohorikawa.
- 親王は貞子・董子どちらの妃との間にも王子女に恵まれなかったため、慣例に従うなら別の宮家を創設するか臣籍降下するはずであった異母弟の有栖川宮威仁親王を、自身の後継者にすることが生前に明治天皇から許されていた。
- The Prince did not have any children either with Sadako nor Tadako, it was approved by Emperor Meiji before he died, to have his half younger brother, Arisunogawa no Miya Imperial Prince Takehito as his successor, who was supposed to have established a new Miyake or have been demoted from nobility to subject according to custom.
- なお、綏靖天皇から開化天皇までの初期8人の天皇について、綏靖即位前のこの皇位継承争いを除けば、記紀には系譜(帝紀)のみが伝えられ、事績(旧辞)が全く記されていないため、一般にまとめて「欠史八代」と称される。
- Except for the conflict over the imperial succession by Emperor Suizei, descriptions given in 'Kojiki' and 'Nihon Shoki' about the eight emperors from Emperor Suizei to Emperor Kaika are limited to their genealogies (imperial pedigrees) and since no descriptions of their achievements (historical developments) are given, these eight generations of emperors are collectively called the 'eight missing generations.'
- また長野銘醸によれば「元禄の時代より1年たりとも休む事もなく酒造りを継続し、戦後全面的に三倍醸造法が普及する中で、『清酒の技術を冒濱するようなもんはみとめられん』と大反対し、純米酒を守り続け」たとしている。
- In addition, Nagano Sake Brewery Co. Ltd insisted that 'we had continued sake brewing without any interruption, even a year, since the Genroku era (1688 to 1703) and we strongly opposed the method of sanzoshu widespread thoroughly in the postwar period because 'we could not admit others which violate the technique of seishu,' and kept brewing junmaishu.'
- 余りにも濃すぎる血縁関係のためか、夫帝との間にはついに御子は恵まれなかったが、それゆえに皇位継承争いに巻き込まれることもなく平穏な生涯をまっとうできたのは、ある意味で内親王にとっては幸せだったのかもしれない。
- Maybe due to the thick blood relationship with her husband, they were less fortunate not to have any children, but because of that, she did not get involved in any Imperial succession conflict and lived out her peaceful life, so maybe she was happy in a way.
- だが、在位わずか7年で病没したこと、その時点で次の大覚寺統の嫡流を継ぐべき邦良親王がわずか9歳だったことから、大覚寺統と持明院統が交互に皇位継承していくという幕府裁定の両統迭立原則が崩壊してしまう事になった。
- However, the Emperor died of illness only seven years after his enthronement, and the next successor to the throne, who was supposed to succeed the Daikakuji-to line to the Emperor, Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi, was only nine years old at that time, an agreement between both parties to share the Imperial succession in turn, which was arbitrated by the Kamakura bakufu, was no longer valid.
- 応神天皇の崩御の後、最も有力と目されていた皇位継承者の菟道稚郎子(うじのわきいらつこ)皇子と互いに皇位を譲り合ったが、皇子の死(『日本書紀』は仁徳天皇に皇位を譲るために自殺したと伝える)により即位したという。
- After the demise of Emperor Ojin, he and Prince Iratsuko Ujinowaki, who was regarded as the most likely successor to the Imperial Throne, tried to give the throne over to each other but, because of death of the Prince (according to 'Nihonshoki,' the Prince killed himself in order to give the throne to Emperor Nintoku), he acceded to the throne.
- 女系については、曾孫の不破内親王と塩焼王(草壁皇子の甥)との間に生まれた氷上川継(草壁皇子の玄孫)も、天智系の桓武天皇が即位した直後に謀反の疑いを受け、弟の氷上志計志麻呂とともの流刑となった(氷上川継の乱)。
- When it comes to the maternal side of a family, HIKAMI Kawatsugu (the great-great-grandson of Prince Kusakabe), the son of his great grandchild Imperial Princess Fuwa and Prince Shioyaki (a nephew of Prince Kusakabe) was also banished on a charge of rebellion with his younger brother, HIKAMI no Shikeshimaro (HIKAMI no Kawatsugu's War).
- 表千家三代千宗旦の三男江岑宗左が家督を継承し不審菴表千家となり、宗旦の隠居所を四男仙叟宗室が継ぎ今日庵裏千家となり、さらに一度養子に出ていた次男一翁宗守が千家に戻り官休庵武者小路千家を称し、三千家が成立した。
- The Sansenke was established as follows; Sosa KOSHIN, who was the third son of the third head of Omotesenke, SEN no Sotan, inherited the family estate and founded Fushin-an Omotesenke; Sotan's fourth son, Soshitsu SENSO, inherited the retreat of Sotan and founded Konnichi-an Urasenke; and the second son, Soshu ICHIO, who had been once adopted and had left the house, came back to Senke and called himself Kankyu-an Mushanokojisenke.
- 二刀剣法の技術は、多くの古武道で継承されているが、形は様々で、左手に打刀を持つものや、逆手で扱うもの、珍しいものでは二振りの脇差を使う、二刀小太刀術(柳生心眼流、天道流など)や二丁十手、二丁鎌なども存在する。
- The technique of two-sword fencing has been inherited by many classical Japanese martial arts in various styles, for example using an uchigatana (a type of sword used since the latter Muromachi period) in the left hand or holding a sword with a reverse grip, as well as some curious styles such as two-wakizashi fencing called nito-kodachi jutsu (literally, 'two small-sword fencing,' adopted by the Yagyu Shingan-ryu school, the Tendo-ryu school and others), nicho-jutte (two short metal truncheons), and nicho-gama (two-sickles).
- しかしながら、女系天皇とはその天皇自身の性別に関わらず母方から皇室の血統を受け継ぐという血筋についての言葉である(したがって女系の男性天皇・女系の女性天皇の両方があり得る)ため、両者は本質的に異なる概念である。
- However female Emperor means the Imperial members who succeed the Imperial blood line from these maternal relatives, and this does not concern whether the Emperor herself/himself is male or female, (Thus, there are both male and female emperors existing in the female lineage) so female Emperor and Emperor of the female lineage are basically two different words with different concepts.
- 例えば、内親王・女王による宮家の継承および創設を認める、既存の宮家の後継者としていわゆる旧皇族の男系子孫から養子(第1内親王・女王の婿等)を迎える、旧皇族を復籍するなどさまざまな意見はあるが、結論は出ていない。
- For example, there are some ideas on allowing Princesses and Empresses to succeed the Miyake, or establish new Miyake, or to adopt (the first Imperial Prince or Empress's husband and so on) male descendants of former Imperial family, as the successor to the current Miyake, or have former Imperial members come return to their positions, however there has been no solution thus far.
- 13代の死後、妻であった浪江は娘・千代子を後継者とするべく家業の継承を決意、14代・利斎となるが、その千代子も昭和36年(1961年)に早世、14代も昭和52年に死去、以後現在に至るまで名跡は空席となっている。
- After the death of the thirteenth generation, his wife Namie deicided to become the fourteenth Risai and have her daughter Chiyoko succeed her in the future, but the daughter died young in 1961, and she also died in 1977, leaving the position vacant to this day.
- また第5回京都学生祭典では、株式会社わかさ生活との連携継続の他に、佐川急便株式会社と連携し、企業連携シリーズ 京都学生祭典 & 佐川急便 Sports Live!~あなたへ届け感動便~という企画名で実施された。
- For the fifth Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa, a program titled 'Business Collaboration Series: Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa and Sagawa Express Sports Live! - Anata ni Todoke Kandobin (Delivering the Excitement to You) -' was launched in cooperation with Sagawa Express Co., Ltd. and Wakasa Seikatsu Corporation.
- 第26代継体天皇にはすでに后がいて、男子も少なくとも2人(後に第27代安閑天皇・第28代宣化天皇の2天皇となる)いたが、畿内に入ってから武烈の姉妹である手白香皇女と婚姻して即位し、後の第29代欽明天皇をもうけた。
- At that time, the twenty-sixth Emperor Keitai had an Empress and they had at least two sons who were in line to become the twenty-seventh Emperor Ankan, and the twenty-eighth Emperor Senka, and after the move, he married Princess Tashiraka who was the sister of Emperor Buretsu and ascended the throne, he subsequently had a son who was going to be the twenty-ninth Emperor Kinmei.
- 後に足利義満の斡旋により、正式な譲位の儀式を行うとともに今後の皇位継承については両統迭立とするという条件で、大覚寺統の後亀山天皇が三種の神器を持明院統の後小松天皇に引き渡し、南北朝の分裂は終わった(明徳の和約)。
- Later, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA helped organize the official enthronement ceremony and there was a condition for sharing the Imperial Throne (Ryoto Teiritsu); in terms of succession to the imperial enthronement, Emperor GO-KAMEYAMA from Daikakuji-to gave three holy durables to Emperor KOMATSU, thus marking the end of the division of the Northern and Southern Courts (the Meitoku Treaty or Meitoku Compromise).
- 秋篠宮家に平成18年(2006年)に悠仁親王が誕生したが、それ以外の宮家については、昭和29年(1954年)の高円宮憲仁親王以来、宮家を継承する、あるいは新たに宮家を創設することができる男性皇族は誕生していない。
- In 2006 Imperial Prince Hisahito was born in the Akishinonomiya family, in other Miyake, there was no male Imperial member born to succeed the family, or to establish new Miyake, except Takamadonomiya Imperial Prince Norihito who was born in 1954.
- 13世紀中期には、次代の治天の座を巡って後深草天皇の系統(持明院統)と亀山天皇の系統(大覚寺統)が対立したが、治天である後嵯峨天皇は亀山系による皇位継承を遺言して没し、後深草系はこれに反発して幕府に力添えを頼んだ。
- After middle of thirteenth century, there was a conflict between Emperor Gofukakusa's line (Jimyoin Imperial line) and Emperor Kameyama's line (Daikakuji Imperial line) to succeed to the next position of Chiten, but Emperor Gosaga died and left his will to have Emperor Kameyama's line succeed to the throne, Emperor Gofukakusa's line was against it and asked the bakufu to support their force.
- 1965年の秋篠宮文仁親王の誕生から2006年の悠仁親王の誕生まで男性皇族が誕生していなかったため、皇位を継ぐべき男系男子が不足しており、皇室典範に定める皇位継承者が存在しなくなり、皇統が断絶する可能性が出てきた。
- Since the male Imperial Family was not born from the birth of Imperial Prince Akishino-no-miya Fumihito in 1965 through the birth of Imperial Prince Hisahito in 2006, males in the male line, who could succeed the Imperial Throne, is in short supply, and there is a possibility of the extinction of the Imperial line because heir to the Imperial Throne, as regulated in the Imperial House Act, no longer exists.
- 一方で、古来から続く弓道、弓術流派は自身の発展の土台(「騎射」「歩射」「堂射」の内のどれか)を重要視、または流祖の教え、古流の保存など、それぞれの目的に合わせ一貫した技術・教えにより古来からの伝統を受け継いでいる。
- Meanwhile, the Kyudo and Kyujutsu schools continuing from ancient times either value the foundation (either Kisha, Busha or Dosha) of their development or assume the ancient tradition through consistent techniques and teachings that meet the different purposes by preserving the teachings of the ryuso (a founder of a school, an originator), traditional schools, etc.
- 国宝保存法による指定は、第二次世界大戦中の1944年(昭和19年)まで継続されたが翌1945年(昭和20年)から指定作業は一時中断し、終戦後は1949年(昭和24年)に2回(2月と5月)の指定が行われたのみである。
- Designations in accordance with the Law for Preservation of National Treasures continued until 1944 during World War II, but the next year they were temporarily interrupted; during the postwar period there were only two designations (in February and May), each of which was in 1949.
- 弥仁は妙法院への入室が予定されていたが、京都の足利義詮は二条良基と相談の上、北朝再建のために広義門院に要請し、延臣に擁立されて即位した古代の継体天皇の先例も引照して、8月17日に弥仁は践祚され、後光厳天皇として即位。
- Although Prince Iyahito was expected to enter Myohoin, after Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA of Kyoto discussed the situation with Yoshimoto NIJO, they asked for help for Kogimon-in, Prince Iyahito received the order to succeed to the throne and was enthroned as Emperor Gokogon in August 17, following the example of ancient Emperor Keitai who was enthroned after being appointed by Enshin (延臣).
- 白壁王と井上内親王の間には他戸親王と酒人内親王が生まれており、特に、他戸王は女系ではあるものの天武天皇系男性皇族の最後の一人であるということから、その父親である白壁王が次期皇位継承者として推挙されたと考えられている。
- Imperial Prince Osabe and Imperial Princess Sakahito were born between Shirakabe no okimi and the Imperial princess Inoe and he was the last male member of the imperial family Emperor Tenmu, though Imperial Prince Osabe himself was the maternal side of the family, so it is believed that his father, Shirakabe no okimi, was recommended as the next heir to the Imperial Throne.
- 20世紀後半に入ってから、ヨーロッパの君主国のほとんどが男系女子や女系(父は臣民でもよい)にも王位継承資格を与えるようになったが、このような改革の多くは「男女平等」をその理由とし、必ずしも男系男子の不足とは関係がない。
- After the latter half of the twentieth century, a male-line female or a female-line male/female (his/her father can be a subject) is entitled to succeed the throne in most European monarchies; such reform was carried out for `Equality of the Sexes,' so, not always connected to shortage of male-line male.
- 第10代崇神天皇の皇女豊鍬入姫命の後を継ぎ天照大神の「御杖代(みつえしろ、神の意を受ける依代)」として大和国から伊賀国・近江国・美濃国・尾張国の諸国を経て伊勢国の国に入り、神託により現在地に伊勢神宮を創建したとされる。
- She succeeded Toyosukiiribime no Mikoto, the daughter of the tenth Empero, Sujin, as the 'Mitsueshiro,' a kind of prophet or oracle of the goddess Amaterasu Omikami, and traveled from Yamato Province, through Iga Province, Omi Province, Mino Province, and Owari Province, arriving in Ise Province, where she is said to have received an oracle to build Ise Jingu Shrine at its present location.
- 老中板倉勝静らも多事多難の折柄、一橋慶喜をこそ将軍に立てるべきと斡旋し、慶喜の後継に亀之助をと和宮に伺ったところ、和宮は「御遺命さへ反故とならずば異存なし、中納言(慶喜)の後をば必ず亀之助に継がしむべし」と許可したという。
- Senior councilor Katsukiyo ITAKURA strongly recommended Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI during his busy days having one difficulty after another, he then asked Kazunomiya to have Kamenosuke as Yoshinobu's successor, she approved saying, 'As long as the will was kept, there is no problem, please make sure Kamenosuke succeeds to Chunagon (Yoshinobu's) position. '
- 白河天皇以降院政が定着するとともに、当時貴族社会の中で徐々に一般化しつつあった家職観念のもと、天皇位と天皇家の家督が分離し、家督者(治天の君)となった者が本来の天皇の権限を執行し、皇位継承者を指名(譲国)するようになった。
- As the cloistered government became established after Emperor Shirakawa, under the concept of the family business that gradually became common in noble society at that time, the imperial throne and the head of the imperial family were separated, by which the head of the family ('chiten no kimi' - the retired Emperor who organizes politics) came to operate the essential imperial authority to designate an heir to the imperial throne.
- 近衛天皇が即位しており、更に同じく美福門院の養子として先に入っていた重仁親王(崇徳上皇の長男)がいたために皇位継承の望みは薄く、仁平元年(1151年)10月、僧侶となるために伯父である覚性法親王のいる仁和寺に入った(9歳)。
- While Emperor Konoe succeeded the throne, Bifuku mon in already had another older adopted son, Prince Shigehito (retired Emperor Sutoku's oldest son), thus there was no possibility for Emperor Nijo to succeed to the throne; therefore, in October 1151 he left for Ninna-ji Temple to become a priest where his uncle, Kakusho Hosshinno (the monk Prince Kakusho) was (the Emperor was nine years old).
- これにより、男系の後継者がいない有栖川宮家は皇室典範の定めによって断絶が確定したが、威仁親王の教育を受け、身分を越えて親王を慕っていた大正天皇は有栖川宮家の維新以降の功績を特に慮り、第三皇子の宣仁親王にその祭祀を継承させた。
- After his death, following the Imperial Family Law, it was decided for the Arisugawa no Miya family to be discontinued as there was no male successor in the family, Emperor Taisho who was taught by Imperial Prince Takehito and was fond of him although there was a difference in social standing, the Emperor considered the achievements of the Arisugawa no Miya family especially after the restoration, he let the third Prince, Imperial Prince Nobuhito succeed to the ritual of the family.
- 安徳天皇が平家に連れられて西国に落ちた後、皇位継承の有力者であったが母親の身分が低く、かつ外祖父が死亡していた事、弟の尊成親王(後の後鳥羽天皇)の方が祖父の後白河法皇に可愛がられていた事から、皇位は尊成親王が継ぐ事になった。
- After Emperor Antoku was taken away to the western area of Japan by the Taira family, Imperial Prince Koreaki became one of the strong candidates for the next emperor, but his younger brother Imperial Prince Takahira (later Emperor Gotoba) eventually succeeded to the throne because Koreaki's mother was not nobly born and his maternal grandfather was already dead, and moreover, their grandfather Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa liked Imperial Prince Takahira better.
- また近年では、欽明天皇の嫡男である敏達天皇の直系(田村皇子)と庶子である用明天皇の直系(山背大兄皇子)による皇位継承争いであり豪族達も両派に割れたために、蝦夷はその状況に対応した現実的な判断をしただけであるとする見方もある。
- Recently another theory has been believed that Emishi just made a realistic decision to solve the conflict over the succession to the Imperial Throne between a direct descendant (Tamura no Miko) of the Emperor Bidatsu who was the legitimate son of the Emperor Kinmei, and a direct descendant (Yamashiro no Oe no O) of the Emperor Yomei who was a child born out of wedlock of the Emperor Kinmei, which also caused a division of Gozoku (local ruling family) into two factions.
- 千利休の没後、傍系の少庵(後妻の連子)の後を継いだ千宗旦が京都に屋敷を構え、次男 宗守・三男 宗左・四男 宗室にそれぞれ武者小路千家・表千家・裏千家を興させたのが三千家の始まりであるが、各家ともに家元は利休を初代として数える。
- After Sen no Rikyu died, Sen no Soutan, successor of collateral son of Sen no Rikyu, Shouan (son of a previous marriage of the second wife of Rikyu,) fixed his residence in Kyoto, and induced his three sons, namely Sosyu, his second son, Sosa, his third son, and Soshitsu, his forth son, to establish three schools of tea ceremony, namely Mushanokoji Senke, Omote Senke, and Urasenke, respectively; which is the story that tells how Sansenke started (three Senke schools), but each of the schools claims that their original head was Sen no Rikyu.
- After the passing of SEN no Rikyu, SEN no Sotan who succeeded Shoan (Rikyu's stepson) of a collateral line set up a residence in Kyoto and had his second son Soshu, third son Sosa and fourth son Soshitsu start Mushanokoji-senke, Omote-senke and Ura-senke, respectively, which marked the beginning of the three Senke but for all of the three Senke, Rikyu was defined as the first iemoto when numerating the subsequent succession of iemoto.
- 小笠原家は代々、総領家(本家)が糾法および小笠原流礼法全般をとりしきり「宗家」となっていたが、十七代の小笠原長時とその子貞慶は、戦乱の戦国時代に弓馬礼法の伝統を絶やさないため、従兄弟筋にあたる伊豆赤沢の経長に宗家の道統を継承。
- The main branch of the Ogasawara family provided the Soke (grand master), in charge of 'kyuho' and Ogasawara-ryu manners for generations, but the 17th generation of the family, Nagatoki OGASAWARA and his son Sadayoshi OGASAWARA handed over Doto to their cousin, Tsunenaga from Akazawa, Izu, to prevent the horseback archery tradition from dying out in the turbulent Sengoku period.
- また南北朝期の頃から、荘園公領制を支えていた職の体系が動揺し始めており、それまで職(しき)の継承は世襲による場合が多かったのに対し、職が金銭で売買されたり、必ずしも世襲によらなくなるなど、職の遷代と呼ばれる現象が起きつつあった。
- Besides, the system of shiki (the right of property, title, etc.) underlying Shoen koryo sei; the land governance system in the middle ages, started becoming unstable with the `transfer of shiki;' shiki was transferred using money or was not always succeeded by heredity while the succession of shiki (the right of property, title, etc.) had been based on hereditary transfer in most cases until then.
- しかしながら、皇族男子は秋篠宮文仁親王以来、40年間誕生せず、皇太子徳仁親王の第一子も内親王である敬宮愛子内親王であったことから、女性天皇や女系天皇を認めるように皇室典範を改正しようとする動きが見られていた(皇位継承問題を参照)。
- However there were no male Imperial successors born into the family since Imperial Prince Akishinonomiya Fumihito, for forty years, in addition to this, the Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Naruhito's first child was the Toshinomiya Imperial Princess Aiko, there was a movement to revise the Imperial House Act to allow female Emperors or Emperors in female lineage to succeed to the Imperial Throne. (Please refer to the issue of Imperial Succession)
- 古代、氏族としての帰属は父系を原則としていたのは事実としても、生活習慣は基本的に母系制であり、家の継承が常に父系的に行われていたとは考えられないのではないだろうか、ということである(その後の時代も婿養子という制度は残されている)。
- In ancient times, belonging to a clan was based on the father-line, but customs are based upon the mother-line, therefore it is suspicious that the succession of a household was always based on the father-line (In subsequent periods, there has been a system taking a son-in-law into the house).
- 日本書紀によると、清寧天皇の崩御後、世継ぎの候補である仁賢天皇(おけのみこと)と顕宗天皇(おけのみこと)の兄弟が互いに皇位を譲り合って後継が定まらなかったために、その姉とも叔母とも言われている飯豊皇女が政務を執ったといわれている。
- According to the Nihonshoki, after Emperor Seinei died, since two Imperial successors, Emperor Ninken and Emperor Kenzo made mutual concessions and could not decide who to succeed to the throne, Itoyo no himemiko took control of the government, who was said to be their sister or aunt.
- 敏達天皇崩御後、彼女らの間に儲けた橘豊日皇子以降3人の弟・妹が、母親がれっきとした皇族である、甥の押坂彦人大兄皇子を差し置いて約40年大王(天皇)位につき、蘇我氏の全盛期が築かれる(ただ、当時は親子よりも兄弟の継承が一般的であった)。
- After the death of Emperor Bidatsu, Soga clan flourished as three children born (after Prince Tachibananotoyohi) between Emperor Kinmei and his wives took positions of Okimi (emperor) instead of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko (prince) whose mother was officially a member of Imperial family; however, in those times accession to the throne was more common from brother to brother rather than from father to his son.
- 皇位継承者の決定が難航したときは、女性天皇が選ばれることもあり、推古天皇、皇極天皇が即位して、他に適当な男子の皇位承継者が現れるまで皇位についた(女帝が選ばれた理由には諸説あり、律令制以前の中継ぎ説を認めないなどの異説が多く存在する)。
- There was some occasion that the female Emperor was chosen when there was an issue to decide who to succeed to the throne, there were Emperor Suiko and Emperor Kogyoku who succeeded to the throne until there was appropriate male successor was found. (There were many theories of the reason why the female Emperors were chosen, some people are against the theory of not accepting the temporally Imperial succession until there was someone appropriate to become Emperor before the government of Ritsuryo codes system.)
- 進賢冠に似るが花のついた冠、帛(絹)の帯のみで締めて革帯を用いないなどの特徴は、唐の朝服と日本の礼服の差を簡略にまとめたものであり、同時に平安時代以後の資料に記される礼服の様式が、奈良時代のそれをかなり忠実に継承することを証明している。
- The differences between the Chinese chofuku and the Japanese raifuku such as Japanese headdress with floral decoration which looked like a coronet of office, and a silk sash in place of a leather belt were summarized, and at the same time illustrated that the style of raifuku drawn in records dating after the Heian period were faithfully handed down from raifuku in the Nara period.
- 当時、後継候補者として伏見宮貞敬親王・閑院宮美仁親王と美仁の弟・祐宮師仁親王の3人がいたが、先帝の遺児・欣子内親王を新帝の妃にするという構想から既婚の美仁親王が候補から消え、残り2人のうち近衛内前は貞敬親王を九条尚実は師仁親王を推薦した。
- At that time, there were three candidates for succession to the Imperial Throne—Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadayoshi, Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Haruhito and Haruhito's younger brother, Imperial Prince Sachinomiya Morohito—but since it was decided that the former Emperor's daughter, Princess Yoshiko, would become the Empress, Prince Haruhito was ruled out as a candidate because he was already married; consequently, Uchisaki NOKOE recommended Prince Sadayoshi and Naozane KUJO recommended Prince Morohito out of the two remaining candidates.
- これには「玉穂宮天皇大御世系」とあり、その下に「品陀和気命(御諡 応人天皇) ─ 若沼毛二俣王 ─ 大郎子(亦名 意本杼王) ─ 宇斐王 ─ 汙斯王(書記云 彦主人王)─ 袁本杼命(書記云 更名 彦太尊 御諡 継体天皇)」と彫り込まれている。
- Under the title 'Genealogy of Emperor Tamaho no miya', the inscription says 'Homudawake no Mikoto (posthumous name Emperor Ojin) - Wakanukefutamata no Miko - Ooiratsuko (a man whose name is 意本杼王) - Oi no Okimi - Ushi no Okimi (according to Nihonshoki, Hikoushio) - Oodo no Okimi (according to Nihonshoki, other name Hikofu no Mikoto, posthumous name Emperor Keitai)'.
- 安閑天皇(あんかんてんのう、雄略天皇10年(466年) - 安閑天皇4年12月17日 (旧暦)(536年1月25日))は、第27代の天皇(在位:継体天皇25年2月7日 (旧暦)(531年3月10日) - 安閑天皇4年(535年)12月17日)。
- Emperor Ankan (466-January 25, 536) was the 27th Emperor (whose reign lasted from March 10, 531 to December 17, 535).
- また、当時天皇に複数の皇子がいる場合、複数の親王の生活を支える財政的ゆとりが無い事や臣籍降下をさせるだけの公家官位の余裕が無い事から、皇位継承者以外の皇子は全て幼くして出家を強要せざるを得ない(当然ながら出家した皇子には子孫が存在しない事になる。
- In those days, the Emperor with many Princes and Princesses had to allow them to enter into the priesthood while they were young, except for the candidate Prince who will succeed to the throne, this was because the Emperor could not afford to financially support the Princes and Princesses, or the court officials could not afford to have them be demoted from nobility to subject, (It is needless to say that the Princes who went into the priesthood would not have any children.
- 結果的には上記提案どおりであったが、両統迭立の約束自体が極めて不確実な状態のまま大覚寺統傍系の後醍醐が即位したことは、後醍醐が父後宇多の遺志に従わずに自分の子孫に皇位を継承させようとしたこともあり、南北朝時代 (日本)の両統並立に繋がっていった。
- The above proposal was achieved, but the enthronement of Godaigo, who was in the collateral line of Daikakuji-to, without a definite agreement on alternate succession led to the concurrent succession in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), where Godaigo attempted to make his descendant succeed to the throne irrespective of the wishes of his father Gouda.
- 政治的な対立もさることながら、天皇と安積親王に何かがあった場合には天皇の叔母・吉備内親王の生んだ男子(当然、長屋王の息子でもある)である膳夫王ら三王が男系皇族での皇位継承の最有力者となる筈であったことも「長屋王排除」の理由として注目すべき点である。
- Apart from the political confrontation, one of the reasons noteworthy for the 'exclusion of Prince Nagaya' was that the three princes, including Kashiwade no Okimi, who were given birth by Imperial Princess Kibi, an aunt of the emperor, (and of course the sons of Prince Nagaya) would have been the most promising successors to the Imperial Throne if something happened to the emperor and Prince Asaka.
- また、記紀の史料批判により、継体天皇以前の編年は到底正しいとは言えず、このころの王家内部では文字による記録が常時取られていたとは考えがたいことから、記紀に伝えられた干支や系譜を元に倭の五王を推定するという試み自体をあまり意味がないとする意見も根強い。
- In agreement with the criticism on 'Kiki''s credibility as historical material and from the fact that the chronology before Emperor Keitai is far from truth, and that it is hard to believe that the Imperial family kept written records on a steady basis, some people strongly deny the meaning of the attempt to presume the five kings of Wa from the Oriental zodiac and the genealogy in 'Kiki'.
- 忍坂部や丸子部といった押坂彦人大兄皇子伝来の私領は「皇祖大兄御名入部」と呼ばれて、以後も息子である舒明から孫の中大兄皇子(後の天智天皇)らへと引き継がれて、大化の改新後に国家に返納された(『日本書紀』大化2年3月20日_(旧暦)条)と考えられている。
- Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko's hereditary private properties such as Otsusakabe and Marukobe were called '皇祖大兄御名入部,' and handed over to his son of the Emperor Jomei and the grandson of Naka no Oe no Oji (later the Emperor Tenchi), and it is believed that such private properties were returned to the nation after Taika no Kaishin (the Great Reformation of the Taika Era) (April 13, 646 section in 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]).
- 明治28年に竹原惟路が没した時に男子がなかったため、細川興増男爵(細川氏一門の子飼細川家〈長岡刑部家〉当主)に幽斎の印・伝統系図・伝書類などが預けられ、松井氏(旧家老家、八代城主)ら門人により伝統が守られたが、昭和5年に竹原家の後継者正文に返還された。
- In 1895, when Koremichi TAKEHARA died, since there were no men in the family, Yusai's seal, the family record, books and others were put under Baron Tadamasu HOSOKAWA's charge (a lord of the Nagaoka Gyobu family, a relative of the Hotokawa clan) and the Matsui clan (old Karo, the chief retainer family, the eighth castellan) and followers preserved the tradition until they gave them back to Masafumi, the heir of the Takehara family in 1930.
- 欽明天皇(きんめいてんのう、継体天皇3年(509年) - 欽明天皇32年4月15日 (旧暦)(571年5月24日))は、第29代の天皇(在位:宣化天皇4年12月5日 (旧暦)(539年12月30日) - 欽明天皇32年(571年)4月15日 (旧暦))。
- Emperor Kinmei (509 - May 24, 571) was the 29th emperor of Japan (the reign: December 30, 539 - April 15, 571 [old calendar]).
- 早世した草壁皇子だが、両親・妻・息子・娘と近親者(さらに次女・吉備内親王の夫、長屋王も実際は特例として親王待遇を受け、皇位継承権があったとの説が指摘されている)の殆どが皇位につき、彼の子孫達は天武系の嫡流として奈良時代における文化・政治の担い手となった。
- Prince Kusakabe died at an early age, however, most of his families including his parents, wife, sons, daughters and close relatives took throne (moreover the theory that Prince Nagaya, who was the husband of his second daughter Imperial Princess Kibi was also treated as Imperial Prince as a special case and had the right of succession to the Imperial Throne has been pointed out), while his descendants became bearers of culture and politics as main branch of the Imperial line from the Emperor Tenmu in Nara Period.
- 徳治3年(1308年)、後二条天皇が急死すると幕府は邦良親王の成長までの中継ぎの天皇になるべき親王を大覚寺統から選ぶ事を認めたが、それは恒明ではなく当時の院政執行者であった後宇多上皇が推した後醍醐天皇であり、この時点で恒明親王の皇位継承の可能性は絶たれた。
- After Emperor Gonijo suddenly died in 1308, the bakufu approved the Imperial Prince to become Emperor from the Daikakuji Imperial line temporarily until Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi was old enough to succeed to the throne, it was Emperor Godaigo who was appointed by the Retired Emperor Gouda while he was ruling his cloistered government, not Kuniyoshi, this made it clear that there was no possibility for Imperial Prince Tsuneaki to succeed to the throne.
- ただし、『一代要記』や『本朝皇胤紹運録』を基に逆算される舒明の生年(593年)とその弟の存在を考えると、592年の推古天皇即位後もしばらく生存していたはずで、非蘇我系の王位継承候補者として、蘇我系の竹田皇子や聖徳太子と比肩し得る地位を保っていたと思われる。
- But he must have been alive for a while after the Empress Suiko was enthroned in 592, according to the birth year of the Emperor Jomei, calculated back based on 'Ichidai Yoki (summary chronicle of each reign), 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) and the existence of his brother; it is assumed that he held the equal power as a candidate of the successor to the throne with Takeda no miko, the Soga clan origin, and the Prince Shotoku.
- 独身の女帝に後継者はなく、度重なる政変による粛清劇によって天武天皇の子孫たる皇族がなかったため、左大臣藤原永手、右大臣吉備真備、参議藤原宿奈麻呂、同藤原縄麻呂、同石上宅嗣、近衛府藤原蔵下麻呂らによる協議が行われ、その結果を受けて、62歳で即位することとなった。
- As the Empress was single and had no successor, and because there was no imperial family members who were descendants of Emperor Tenmu due to the repeated purges in political changes, FUJIWARA no Nagate, Minister of the Left, KIBI no Makibi, Minister of the Right, FUJIWARA no Sukunamaro, Sangi (councilor), FUJIWARA no Tadamaro, Sangi, ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu, Sangi, FUJIWARA no Kurajimaro, Division of Inner Palace Guard, and others had talks, which led to his accession to the imperial throne at the age of 62.
- もし書紀・水野説以外のいずれかが正しければ、欽明天皇は現在の皇室から少なくとも遡れる継体天皇以降の歴代天皇では昭和天皇・明治天皇に次いで長く在位した(推古天皇または天武天皇が事実上の初代天皇で、それ以前はヤマト大王だったのではないかという説は置いて)事になる。
- Apart from the 'Chronicles of Japan' and the theory of Mizuno, if any of these theories is correct, Emperor Kinmei would become the third emperor who reigned for the longest time following Emperor Showa and Emperor Meiji between Emperor Keitai and the present Imperial family; some people argue that Emperor Suiko or Emperor Tenmu was the actual first emperor and before these emperors there existed the great King of Yamato; but we will put aside this theory for now.
- ただ多子が入内したのは、平治の乱が終結した直後という異常な状況下であり、二条の後見である美福門院や側近の藤原経宗・藤原惟方がこの件に関与しなかったとは考えにくいことから、父・後白河に対する牽制(自分が鳥羽・近衛両帝の後継者)を目的とした政略結婚とする見方もある。
- However, Masaruko reentered into the inner palace just after the Heiji War was over, under abnormal situation; there is a view that it was the political marriage in order to control her father and Goshirakawa (he was the successor of Emperor Toba and Emperor Konoe) in that it is unlikely that Bifukumonin who was the guardian of Emperor Nijo and the aides of Emperor Nijo; FUJIWARA no Tsunemune, FUJIWARA no Korekata didn't interfere in this.
- だが、あくまでも崇徳を忌避する鳥羽、不仲である崇徳の院政によって自身が掣肘されることを危惧する美福門院、そして自身が乳母夫を勤める雅仁親王の即位による台頭をめざした信西らの合意によって、次代の守仁の即位を前提として、その父王雅仁が中継ぎとして即位することとなった。
- However, because Sutoku was disfavored by Toba and Bifuku mon in was concerned about her position after Sutoku started his cloister government, and Shinzei wanted Imperial Prince Masahito to succeed to the throne since he was the educator and had the intention of entering the political arena, they all agreed that Prince Morihito should succeed to the throne, while Morihito's father, Prince Masahito, was put in the position until Morihito's official enthronement could take place.
- 朝鮮半島においては、高麗のモンゴル帝国干渉期から李氏朝鮮まで他国の冊封体制下にあったため太子の称号が使えず、国王の継承者は「王世子」と呼ばれていたが、日清戦争の結果、下関条約が結ばれた事により清国の冊封から外れ、国号を大韓と改めた際に「皇太子」を使うようになった。
- Since the Korean peninsula was under the tributary system from the Goryeo period which was subjected to the interference by the Mongolian Empire to Joseon Dynasty, the successor to the king was called '王世子 (crown prince)', but since the Treaty of Shimonoseki was concluded as a result of Sino-Japanese War, Korea was released from the tributary system of the Qing,, the name of the country was changed to Korea and 'Crown Prince' came into use.
- このため、為子の次の后として藤原時平の妹藤原穏子を入内させようとした醍醐天皇・藤原時平とこれに反対する宇多上皇との対立が発生(『九暦』)し、後の宇多上皇による斉世親王の皇位継承者指名問題及び菅原道真の大宰権帥左遷事件(いわゆる昌泰の変)に発生したとも言われている。
- Therefore, Emperor Daigo and FUJIWARA no Tokihira who intended to have FUJIWARA no Onshi, younger sister of FUJIWARA no Tokihira, enter into the court as the next empress of Tameko, this conflicted with Retired Emperor Uda who objected against it ('Kyureki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Morosue)), and it is said that this conflict developed to a later problem when Retired Emperor Uda designated Imperial Prince Tokiyo as the heir to the Imperial Throne, and to an incident of demotion of SUGAWARA no Michizane, Dazai gon no sochi (Provisional Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices) (so-called the Shotai Incident).
- そこで祖父である後宇多天皇の要請を受けた鎌倉幕府は後二条天皇の在位が大覚寺統・持明院統間の皇位移譲約束である10年より短い事を配慮して、花園天皇の後に大覚寺統から中継ぎの天皇を立てることを容認し、後二条天皇の弟である尊治親王(後の後醍醐天皇)を皇太子にする事になった。
- Thus after the Prince's grandfather, Emperor Gouda asked the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to organize a temporary Emperor from the Daikakuji Imperial line after Emperor Hanazono, considering the situation that Emperor Gonijo's era was shorter than ten years, which was the agreement for sharing Imperial succession between the Daikakuji Imperial line and the Jimyoin Imperial line, the bakufu approved it and decided to let Emperor Nijo's younger brother, Imperial Prince Takaharu (later called Emperor Godaigo) Crown Prince.
- やがて良仁親王が後西天皇として即位することになるが、これは先代後光明天皇の養子・識仁親王(後の霊元天皇)が幼少であったための中継ぎであり、後西天皇は自分の皇子・有栖川宮幸仁親王に高松宮を継がせて、宮号を有栖川宮(幸仁親王の別荘所在地である京都・有栖川に由来)に改めた。
- Since the former Emperor Go-Komyo's adopted son, Prince Satohito (later called Emperor Reigen) was too young to succeed to the Imperial Throne, Prince Nagahito was soon enthroned as Emperor Gosai for the meantime; the Emperor ordered his Prince Arisugawa no miya Yukihito to take over Takamatsu no miya so that his original name as a court noble was changed to Arisugawa no miya (the name came from Prince Yoshihito's temporary palace in Arisugawa, Kyoto).
- またもう一つには、日本酒業界全体が日本酒の歴史消費低迷期に陥っており、後継者もおらず、小さな流派では杜氏集団そのものが絶滅しかかっている、あるいはすでに絶滅してしまったところも多く、酒造関係者内部で流派にこだわっているだけの余裕がなくなった、という苦々しい事情もある。
- Another reason is the bitter situation in which they are no longer able to stick with a distinction between schools inside the brewers' society because the whole sake industry has been suffering from a long-term depression and a lack of successors, and many small schools are losing their toji groups, or already lost their toji groups.
- このため、五摂家の当主らが秘かに宮中で会議を開き、英仁親王の将来における皇位継承を前提に中継ぎとしての新天皇を擁立する事が決定、天皇の異母姉である智子内親王が英仁親王と血縁が近く政治的にも中立であるということで桃園天皇の遺詔があったという事にして即位を要請したのである。
- Thus a secret meeting was held in the Imperial Palace with the heads of the five families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho and Kanpaku, it was decided to have a temporary Empress until Hidehito was old enough to succeed to the throne in the future, thus the Emperor's half older sister, Princess Toshiko, who had close blood relationship to Prince Hidehito and who maintained neutrality in politics, was appointed to succeed to the throne.
- 古い史料による確認は困難なものの、母である糠手姫皇女(田村の御名は彼女から継承されたものである)が舒明よりも20年以上長く生きて天智天皇3年(664年)に死去している事や、子である天智天皇らの年齢を考えると、ほぼ正確な年齢(もしくは数年の誤差)ではないかと見られている。
- Although confirmation using old historical materials is difficult, his age of death is thought to be nearly exact (or with a few years of error), considering the age of his son, the Emperor Tenchi and others, and that his mother, Nukadehime no Himemiko (the name of Tamura was succeeded from her) lived for more than 20 years after his death and died in 664.
- 戦国時代 (日本)末期には京都での天皇や公家の窮乏は著しく、烏帽子を逆さまにして物乞いをしたり、共同浴場に出向いたりする公家も生じるようになったが、有力戦国大名や織田信長政権が天皇・公家を政治的・経済的に意識的に保護したことによってその後まで制度として継続することになる。
- At the end of the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan), the destitution of the Emperor and Kuge in Kyoto was remarkable, like some Kuge begged by putting his formal headwear for court nobles upside down and some Kuge going to public bathhouse, but it was continued as a system because of the intentional protections of the Emperor and Kuge in both political and economical ways made by powerful Sengoku-daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) and the government by Nobunaga ODA.
- 皇祖考古今ニ鑑ミテ維新ノ鴻図ヲ闢キ中外ニ徴シテ立憲ノ遠猷ヲ敷キ文ヲ経トシ武ヲ緯トシ以テ曠世ノ大業ヲ建ツ皇考先朝ノ宏謨ヲ紹継シ中興ノ丕績ヲ恢弘シ以テ皇風ヲ宇内ニ宣フ朕寡薄ヲ以テ忝ク遺緒ヲ嗣キ祖宗ノ擁護ト億兆ノ翼戴トニ頼リ以テ天職ヲ治メ墜スコト無ク愆ツコト無カラムコトヲ庶幾フ
- 皇祖考古今ニ鑑ミテ維新ノ鴻図ヲ闢キ中外ニ徴シテ立憲ノ遠猷ヲ敷キ文ヲ経トシ武ヲ緯トシ以テ曠世ノ大業ヲ建ツ皇考先朝ノ宏謨ヲ紹継シ中興ノ丕績ヲ恢弘シ以テ皇風ヲ宇内ニ宣フ朕寡薄ヲ以テ忝ク遺緒ヲ嗣キ祖宗ノ擁護ト億兆ノ翼戴トニ頼リ以テ天職ヲ治メ墜スコト無ク愆ツコト無カラムコトヲ庶幾フ
- 現在ある、各地の萬歳には継承者を捜し出して復興させたものが多いが、成立時期が古いとされる三河萬歳(愛知県安城市・西尾市など)と越前萬歳(福井県越前市)が1995年(平成7年)に、尾張萬歳(愛知県知多市)が1996年(平成8年)にそれぞれ国の重要無形民俗文化財に指定された。
- Many of the existing manzai in each place across Japan have found successors and been revived, but Mikawa-manzai (Anjo City, Nishio City and so on in Aichi Prefecture) and Echizen-manzai (Echizen city in Fukui Prefecture), whose time of formation is said to have been old, were designated as the nation's significant intangible folklore cultural assets in 1995, and so was Owari-manzai (Chita City in Aichi Prefecture) in 1996.
- これについて、先例の存在や天皇の自由意思を尊重するべきであることを理由として生前の退位を容認すべきとの意見もあるが、退位後の天皇の処遇(財政的、政治的位置付けの問題。特に後者は院政の問題)や皇位継承の複雑化及び後継者の不足による皇統断絶の可能性などの点から反対の意見が強い。
- There are views that say abdication before death should be allowed, based on respect for the Emperor's free will and the existence of former examples, but there are strong opposing views because of the issues of how the Emperor should be treated after his abdication (financial matters and issues on his position in the political administration. The latter, in particular, is a problem of political administration by the retired emperor), complications in the succession to the Imperial Throne, and the possibility of the extinction of the Imperial Line due to the lack of a successor.
- だが、鎌倉幕府は今回の事件は大覚寺統全体が関与していないものであるから、後醍醐天皇と対立関係にある大覚寺統嫡流から皇太子を輩出して、引き続き大覚寺統と持明院統が交代で皇位継承(両統迭立)をすべきであるとしたため、持明院統もこれに同意して当時13歳の康仁親王の立太子を容認した。
- However, the Kamakura bakufu insisted that because this incident had nothing to do with the Daikakuji Imperial line, the Daikakuji Imperial line should appoint a successor to the Crown Prince, and Imperial succession should be shared alternately between the two parties in turns continuously, the Jimyoin Imperial line agreed to this and accepted Imperial Prince Yasuhito as Crown Prince who was thirteen years old at the time.
- (一説に、中大兄皇子が同母妹の間人皇女と不倫関係を持っていた為に乙巳の変から15年以上経過してもなお即位できなかったとの説や、反対に間人皇女(=中皇命)は中継ぎの大王として即位していたとの説もある。中大兄皇子が(結果的に)晩年にやっと即位した理由については他にも様々な説がある。)
- (There is another theory that Prince Naka no Oe could not succeed to the throne fifteen years after Isshi-no-hen (a Murder in the Year of Isshi), since he had an affair with his real younger sister, Princess Hashihito, or as opposed to this, it was said Princess Hashihito (Nakatsusumera-mikoto) was enthroned as a temporal Emperor. There are various theories concerning the reason why Prince Naka no Oe was finally enthroned in his later years.)
- 侍従職と東宮職はそれぞれ天皇一家、皇太子一家の側近奉仕という特質上、皇位継承があった場合、東宮職の職員は即位した天皇皇后について侍従職に移り、逆にもとにいた侍従職のほとんどの職員が、大行天皇の皇后であった皇太后の側近奉仕をする皇太后宮職に移るか、新皇太子の側近奉仕をする東宮職に移る。
- The Board of Chamberlains and Togu-shiki (the Board of the Crown Prince's Affairs) serve specifically as aides for Emperor family and the Crown Prince family respectively, so if the Crown Prince succeeds to the throne, all Togu-shiki move to the Board of Chamberlains with the new Emperor and Empress and most of the former Board of Chamberlains staff move either to serve for the Empress Dowager who was the Empress of Taiko-Tenno (the departed emperor) or to become Togu-shiki to serve new Crown Prince.
- - 都市部においては、天下普請の施行により、鳶職や植木職などの建設に係わる者が、町場の相互関係の中で特別な義務と権限(町火消しなど)を持つようになり、特定の縁起物(熊手、朝顔)や売り上げが確実に見込める物(正月のお飾り)の販売を独占する傾向にあり、現在でもその不文律が継承されている。
- In the urban site, with the policy of tenka fushin (nation wide constructions carried out by Tokugawa shogunate), people connected to construction, such as scaffolders and gardeners, were given special duties and rights (such as acting as firefighters) in the town's correlation and tended to monopolize the market for special good luck charms (rakes or morning glories) or items that would definitely sell (for example, New Year decorations); this unwritten law continues even today.
- また、天王寺方の伝統を受け継ぐ聖霊会の舞楽は重要無形民俗文化財であり、南都方は春日大社を中心として、雅楽のみならず、田楽、細男などの古楽もあわせて伝承し、「春日古楽保存会」雅楽部門を経て「南都楽所」を結成、「南都楽所」による春日若宮おん祭の神事芸能も重要無形民俗文化財に指定されている。
- Maigaku, the Japanese ancient music for dancing of Seireikai Society which preserves the tradition of Tennoji-ho, is an important intangible ethnocultural asset, and Nanto-ho hands down not only gagaku but also ancient music such as dengaku and seinoo in mainly Kasuga-taish shrine and has organized 'Nantogakuso' after 'Kasuga Ancient Music Preserving Socity' and Shinto rituals and entertainments in Kasuga Wakamiya Festival performed by 'Nantogakuso' is also designated as an important intangible ethnocultural asset.
- さらにこれが京都の音楽家たちに受け継がれ、洗練されて「京流手事物」が生まれ、松浦検校の『宇治巡り』、『四季の眺』、『末の契』など、石川勾当の『八重衣』、『新青柳』など、菊岡検校の『長等の春』、『磯千鳥』、『夕顔』、『茶音頭』など、光崎検校の『桜川』、『七小町』など、数多くの名曲が作られた。
- Furthermore, these came down to musicians in Kyoto, refined by them and 'Kyoto-style tegotomono' (a form of Japanese chamber music) was spawned and the following numerous famous works were composed: 'Uji meguri' (uji tour), 'Shiki no Nagame' (Viewing the Four Seasons), 'Sue-no-chigiri' and so on by kengyo MATSUURA and 'Yaegoromo' (An Eight-Fold Garment), 'Shin Aoyagi' (new green willow) and so on by koto ISHIKAWA and 'Nagara-no-haru,' 'Iso Chidori' (beach plover), 'Yugao' (Evening Face), 'Cha ondo' (Tea Song) and so on by kengyo KIKUOKA and 'Sakuragawa' (Sakura river), 'Nanakomachi' (Seven Komachi) and so on by kengyo MITSUZAKI.
- 安土桃山時代後期・江戸初期の後陽成は自分の後継者が豊臣秀吉・徳川家康の2大権力者の思惑により擁立された事に不満を抱き、実子ながらこれらを廃して実弟の八条宮智仁親王に譲位しようとして豊臣政権や江戸幕府と衝突したが、最終的に家康の推す嫡男子の後水尾天皇に譲る事になったが長く親子間の不和が続いた。
- Emperor Goyozei, during the late Azuchi-Momoyama period and early Edo period, was frustrated as his successor was decided by two powerful leaders, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, he allowed his own child to abdicate from the throne and tried to have his younger brother, Hachijonomiya Imperial Prince Toshihito succeed to the throne, however, there was a conflict with the Toyotomi government and Edo bakufu, finally he decided to pass the throne to Emperor Gomizunoo, who was the eldest son and was recommended by Ieyasu, but an unpleasant relationship between the father and son continued.
- 天智天皇崩御後に勃発した壬申の乱に勝利した夫・大海人皇子(天武天皇)崩御後、菟野皇后は息子・草壁皇子への皇位継承を望んでいたのだが、ライバルの大津皇子を自害に追いやった為に却って反発を買い、草壁の凡庸な器量も相まって、草壁を即位させる事が出来なかったため、母后である菟野が政務を執り草壁を支えた。
- After Emperor Tenchi/Tenji died, the Junshin War happened and Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) won the war, after he died as well, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko wished her son, Prince Kusakabe to succeed to the throne, however she put pressure on Prince Kusakabe's opposition, Prince Otsu to kill himself and was blamed for it, she was not able to make her wish happen (for Prince Kusakabe to succeed to the throne), also Prince Kusakabe had an ordinary character, (he was not good enough to become Emperor) thus the Empress Dowager, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko took control of politics to support Prince Kusakabe.
- 晩年は後二条天皇の長子(自らの嫡孫)である皇太子邦良親王の即位によって大覚寺統が早期に一本化する事を望んでいたと言われ、中継ぎに甘んじない後醍醐天皇との父子仲は次第に疎遠になっていき、その結果院政停止・天皇親政に至ったと推測されているが、院政停止は後宇多院自身の希望ともいわれ、なお考証を要する。
- In his later years, it is said he wished the Daikaku-ji Imperial line to be unified after the enthronement of Emperor Gonijoin's eldest son (his own child), Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi, however Emperor Godaigo did not like to be in power temporarily, and the relationship between him and his father, Emperor Godaigo, gradually became fragile, as the result, it is presumed the cloistered government was stopped and the Emperor started the directly ruled government, but there is another theory that retired Emperor Gouda stopped his cloistered government by his own will, and more study is needed to determine the truth of the matter.
- 兄弟が畿内周辺を彷徨し、聖なる新室宴において唱え言をあげたことや、弘計の別名である「来目稚子」が久米舞を継承する来目部(くめべ)を連想させること、神楽歌における囃し言葉を「おけおけ」ということなどから、当時に溯る民俗的背景がほのみえ、両皇子発見譚に史実性を認めながらも、詳細には意見は割れている。
- From stories that the brothers wandered around Kinai and chanted at a sacred celebration party for a new house, that the different name of the younger Oke, 'Kume no wakugo,' reminds Kumebe which inherits Kumemai dance, that the cheering refrain in Shinto music and dance numbers says 'Oke, Oke,' etc., there are recognized a slight ethnic background which goes back to that age and historicity of the story of discovery of the two princes, but opinions about the details are divided.
- その背景には皇太后が実子の竹田皇子の擁立を願ったものの、敏達の最初の皇后が生んだ押坂彦人大兄皇子(舒明天皇の父)の擁立論が蘇我氏に反対する勢力を中心に強まったために、馬子と皇太后がその動きを抑えるために竹田皇子への中継ぎとして即位したのだと言われている(だが、竹田皇子は間もなく死去してしまう)。
- Behind this, there is a story that the Empress Dowager hoped for enthronement of her biological son Prince Takeda, but because an opinion for enthronement of OSHISAKA no Hikohito no Oenomiko became stronger, centering around the opponents of the Soga clan and, in order to suppress that movement, Umako and the Empress Dowager decided that she be enthroned (however, before long, Prince Takeda passed away).
- だが、その即位は天皇個人が望んだ皇位継承ではなく(『日本後紀』によれば、大同元年5月1日(806年5月22日)に大伴親王(当時)が父帝の死を機会に臣籍降下を願い出て皇太子(平城天皇)に慰留されている)、更に有力貴族の後ろ盾のいない息子恒貞親王が仁明天皇の皇太子になったことに不安を抱いていたと言う。
- However, the succession to the throne wasn't Emperor Junna's intention (according to 'Nihon Koki,' on May 22, 806, when his father died, Prince Otomo asked to be removed from the Imperial Family, but he was dissuaded from resigning by the crown prince (Emperor Heizei)) and was worried that his son Prince Tsunesada, who lacked the support of court nobles, would become the crown prince of Emperor Nimmyo.
- 岡山県にて広く語り継がれている吉備津神社 (岡山市)の縁起物語によると、地域を荒らし鬼ノ城(きのじょう)に住む「鬼」である温羅(うら)を犬飼健(いぬかいたける)・楽々森彦(ささもりひこ)・留玉臣(とめたまおみ)という三人の家来と共に倒し、その祟りを鎮めるために温羅を神社の釜の下に封じたとされている。
- According to a historical story of Kibitsu-jinja Shrine in Okayama City, which has been passed down throughout Okayama Prefecture, Kibitsuhiko no Mikoto and his three retainers, Inukai Takeru, Sasa Morihiko, and Tome Tamaomi defeated Ura, an 'oni' (ogre) who lived in Kino-jo Castle and was terrorizing the area, and to break his curse, they are said to have sealed Ura under the iron pot of the shrine.
- 更に後小松には称光しか男子がおらず(称光の皇太子であった後小松の第2皇子は早世、実はこの他に名僧として知られた一休宗純も後小松の皇子であったが、政治的事情により早くから出家させられて皇位継承権を失っていた)、更に称光には子供がいない上に虚弱体質であったためにいつ崩御されてもおかしくない状態となっていた。
- Furthermore, Emperor Gokomatsu only had one male child, Emperor Shoko, (Emperor Shoko's Crown Prince, Emperor Gokomatsu's second Prince died young, and in fact, Sojun IKKYU the famous monk was Emperor Gokomatsu's Prince, he had to enter into the priesthood at a young age for political reasons, he did not have any right to succeed to the throne.) Emperor Shoko did not have any children and he was born weak, and he was not expected to live long.
- 当時、鎌倉幕府の裁定によって、持明院統と大覚寺統は10年ごとに天皇を交代させる決まりになっていたが、大覚寺統の後二条天皇が在位7年での急死後に例外的に後二条(大覚寺統)→花園(持明院統)→後醍醐(大覚寺統)→邦良親王(大覚寺統・後二条嫡男)→量仁親王(持明院統)という例外的な皇位継承順位が定められていた。
- It was decided, by the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), to share the Imperial succession between the Jimyo-in Imperial line and the Daikaku-ji Imperial line every ten years, however, there was an exceptional settlement to succeed to the throne after Emperor Gonijo died suddenly after being in power for seven years, described as follows; Emperor Gonijo (Daikaku-ji Imperial line)=>Emperor Hanazono (Jimyo-in Imperial line)=>Emperor Godaigo (Daikaku-ji Imperial line)=>Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi (Kuninaga) (Daikaku-ji Imperial line, legitimate son of Emperor Gonijo)=>Imperial Prince Kazuhito. (Jimyo-in Imperial line)
- この立場にたった場合、なぜ、このような物語が旧辞に取り入れられたのかははっきりしないが、越前国(あるいは近江国)出身であった継体天皇の先例として播磨国出身の顕宗・仁賢2天皇を設定することにより、万世一系的な王統譜に断層をもたらしかねない地方出身の王位継承資格者の特異性を払拭する意図があったとも言われている。
- From this standpoint, it is not clear why such a story was adopted by Kyuji (a record of old stories which served as a foundation of 'Kojiki,' etc.) but it is said that there was an intention that, by setting two Emperors Kenzo and Ninken, who were from Harima Province, as a historical precedent for Emperor Keitai who was from Echizen Province (or Omi Province), peculiarity of a candidate from a local area as a successor to the Imperial throne may be cast aside, which might bring a gap in the unbroken royal genealogy.
- 宮内庁は同陵を大阪府茨木市太田三丁目の太田茶臼山古墳(前方後円墳・全長226m)に比定しているが、築造時期は5世紀の中頃とみられており、近年、同府高槻市郡家新町の今城塚古墳(前方後円墳・全長190m)から兵馬俑の如き埴輪群が発見され、6世紀前半の築造と考えられる同古墳を真の継体天皇陵とするのが定説になっている。
- Although the Imperial Household Agency identifies the Ota Chausuyama Tumulus (large keyhole-shaped tomb mound, 226-meter-long) in 3 Ota, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture as Emperor Keitai's mausoleum, its construction is presumed to date back to about the mid-fifth century, so the accepted notion of today is that his true mausoleum is Imashirozuka Tumulus (large keyhole-shaped tomb mound, 190-meter-long) in Gunge Shinmachi, Takatsuki City, Osaka Prefecture which is estimated to have been built in early sixth century because of the cluster of Haniwa (a clay figure artifact) like the lifelike images of soldiers and horses in the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, were discovered there.
- この決まりは元来、皇位継承の際の混乱を避けることが主要な意図であるが、後水尾天皇はこの不文律を利用し、天皇家から徳川の血を絶やし、後世までその累が及ばぬようにするという意図などをもって、娘の明正天皇を即位させたといわれている(ただし興子の同母妹の昭子・賀子両内親王はそれぞれ五摂家の近衛家・二条家に降嫁している)。
- This unwritten rule was originally made to avoid any trouble that might occur in Imperial succession, Emperor Gomizunoo used this to stop the Tokugawa lineage from the Imperial lineage and intended not to have any Tokugawa blood in the Imperial family, thus he made his daughter, Empress Meisho to succeed the throne. (However Okiko's younger sister, Imperial Princess Akiko and Imperial Princess Yoshiko married into the Konoe family and the Nijo family, two of the five families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho and Kanpaku.)
- ローマ帝国の君主の称号のひとつである Imperator は、通常「皇帝」と訳され、また Caesar という家名も君主の称号となって、東西ローマ帝国の歴史を継承する社会(神聖ローマ帝国・ドイツ帝国・オーストリア帝国のカイザー、ロシア帝国のツァーリなど)の統治者・君主の称号として使われ、これも「皇帝」と訳される。
- Imperator, one of the titles for the monarch in the Roman Empire, is usually translated as 'Kotei' and the family name Caesar became a title for the monarch, which was used as a title for the ruler and monarch in societies that inherit the history of East Western Roman Empire, and it also translated as 'Kotei.'
- 都が平安京に移って以降、いったん出家した皇族が還俗して践祚した例はなく、この時院政を敷いていた後水尾天皇はその第19皇子である高貴宮(後の霊元天皇)を践祚させようとしたが、高貴宮は生後間もなかったので、四世襲親王家の一つである有栖川宮を継承していた良仁親王が高貴宮が成長するまでの間の中継ぎとして践祚して後西天皇となった。
- At the time, there was no precedent where an Imperial member entered priesthood and then returned to a secular life to become enthroned as emperor, Emperor Gomizunoo, who used to rule the cloistered government, tried to have his nineteenth Prince, Ade no Miya (the later Emperor Reigen) succeed the throne, however the Prince Ade no Miya had just been born, so, it was decided that Imperial Prince Nagahito who belonged to the Arisugawa no Miya, one of the four hereditary Imperial families, would temporarily succeed the throne and be named Emperor Gosai until Ade no Miya was old enough to become Emperor.
- また『日本書紀』では、『百済本記』(「百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞乇城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣」)を引用して、天皇及び太子、皇子が同時に死んだとの説を紹介しており、何らかの政変によって継体自身が殺害された可能性もある(「辛亥の変」説)。
- 'Nihonshoki' quotes the lines from 'Original records of Paekche' ('the article in the Original records of Paekche says that King Anjang of Goguryeo encountered rebellion from his subjects and was murdered in 531. Around the same time, Japanese Emperor, Crown Prince and Prince were killed altogether by their subjects.') to introduce a theory that the Emperor, Crown Prince and Prince died at the same time, which hints the possibility that Keitai was actually killed in a political turmoil ('Xinhai Incident' theory).
- 一方、日本の厚生労働省は、2004年7月、調査結果のヒ素含有量からすると、継続的に毎週33g以上(水戻しした状態のヒジキ。体重50kgの成人の場合)を摂取しない限り世界保健機関(WHO)の暫定的耐容週間摂取量を上回ることはなく、現在の日本人の平均的摂取量に照らすと、通常の食べ方では健康リスクが高まることはない、との見解を示した。
- The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, on the other hand, announced their opinion in July 2004 that in view of the arsenic contents in the results of the surveys, the provisional tolerable weekly intake announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) would not be exceeded unless 33 g or more (of dehydrated hijiki, in cases of a 50-kg adult) was regularly taken into per week, and that in view of the current average intake of Japanese people, the health risk was not likely to rise in cases of normal consumption.
- これに対して黒岩重吾は『日本書紀』継体天皇廿五年での『百済本記』引用「百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞乇城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣」天皇および太子、皇子が同時に死んだという記述等を根拠にそれぞれ実際には即位していない安閑・宣化は暗殺・軟禁されたとした。
- Based on the statement in 'Original records of Paekche' in section of '25 years of Emperor Keitai' in 'Chronicles of Japan', saying '百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞?城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣'(Emperor in Japan and the prince passed away at the same time), Jugo KUROIWA believed that Ankan and Senka did not succeed to the throne and they were actually assassinated or under custody.
- この頃は天皇の権威の低下が著しく、室町幕府三代将軍足利義満は、自分の子足利義嗣を皇位継承者とする皇位簒奪計画を持ったと言われるが、義満の死後、朝廷が義満に太上(だいじょう)天皇の尊号を贈ろうとした際には、室町幕府四代将軍足利義持がこれを固辞している(義満が自分より義嗣をかわいがっていたため、父を快く思わなかったためといわれている)ので、その真相については未だ定かではない。
- Around this period, the Emperor's loss of power was remarkable, and the 3rd Shogun of Muromachi Bakufu, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, is said have planned to take over the Imperial throne by making his son, Yoshitsugu ASHIKAGA, heir, but since the death of Yoshimitsu, when the Imperial Court tried to give the honorable title Daijo Tenno to Yoshimitsu, the 4th Shogun of Muromachi Bakufu, Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, strongly refused to accept this (it is said that it was because he didn't like his father since Yoshimitsu cared more about Yoshitsugu than himself), the truth is not yet certain.
- 元正天皇即位当時、首皇子は14歳であり「首皇子が幼かったために中継ぎとして即位した」という説は成立しないとの説もある。(ただ、当時の朝廷の動勢(長屋王や藤原不比等など)により、年齢的に即位は不安と見られたとの説もある。)また、元正天皇は母の元明天皇の子としてではなく、父である草壁皇子の子として即位しているが、草壁皇子自身も父に天武天皇、母に持統天皇をもつ男女双系天皇であった。
- Another theory denies the theory that `Emperor Gensho ascended as a relay because the Prince Obito was only fourteen years old at the time Emperor Gensho ascended to the throne. (There is a theory that the issues of the imperial court at that time; including issues concerning Prince Nagaya or FUJIWARA no Fuhito, didn't allow the prince Obito to ascend to the throne considering his age). Also, Emperor Gensho ascended to the throne as a child of his father, Prince Kusakabe, not as a child of his mother, Emperor Genmei, however, Prince Kusakabe himself was also Male & Female-line Emperor having Emperor Tenmu for his father and Emperor Jito for his mother.
- なお、『日本書紀』に引く「百済本記」(「百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞乇城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣」)によれば、531年頃に天皇と太子・皇子が共に薨去したという所伝があるといい、継体天皇の死後、安閑天皇・宣化天皇の朝廷と欽明天皇の朝廷が並立していたとか、2朝間に内乱があったと見る説もある(「辛亥の変」説)。
- According to the 'Kudarahonki' (Original records of Paekche) quoted by 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), a legend has it that Emperor Keitai and Prince died together around 531, and another theory has it that after the death of Emperor Keitai, two Imperial Courts existed at the same time, one was reigned by Emperor Ankan and Emperor Senka, the other was reigned by Emperor Kinmei, and they had a domestic conflict ('Shingai Coup' theory).
- その後、幸仁親王の子・有栖川宮正仁親王が嗣子無く没したため、霊元天皇の皇子・有栖川宮職仁親王が入って第5代を継承し、以後、6代・有栖川宮織仁親王、7代・有栖川宮韶仁親王、8代・有栖川宮幟仁親王、9代・有栖川宮熾仁親王、10代・有栖川宮威仁親王と、いずれも直系を以って伝えたが、1913年(大正2年)1月5日、威仁親王の薨去によって実質的に断絶が確定し、1923年(大正12年)6月29日、威仁親王妃慰子の薨去によって正式に絶家となった。
- Subsequently, Prince Yoshihito's child, Prince Arisugawa no miya Tadahito, died without having any children, Emperor Reigen's Prince Arisugawa no miya Yorihito succeeded as the fifth court noble, followed by the sixth prince, Arisugawa no miya Orihito; the seventh prince, Arisugawa no miya Tsunahito; the eighth prince, Arisugawa no miya Takahito; the ninth prince, Arisugawa no miya Taruhito; and the tenth prince, Arisugawa no miya Takehito, it was passed down through the lineage; however, on January 5, 1913, after the death of Prince Takehito, it was definite that there was no successor to take over the family, so on June 29, 1923, the family name officially died after Princess Yasuko (Prince Takehito's wife) passed away.
- この時点で残された関西歌舞伎の後継者は、二代目中村鴈治郎 (2代目)・四代目片岡我當(のち十三代目片岡仁左衛門 (13代目))・三代目市川壽海 (3代目)・三代目阪東寿三郎 (3代目)・四代目中村富十郎 (4代目)・六代目坂東蓑助(のち八代目坂東三津五郎 (8代目))・二代目林又一郎・五代目片岡芦燕(のち十二代目片岡我童、死後十四代目仁左衛門追贈)・五代目中村福助(高砂屋)・二代目実川延二郎(のちの三代目實川延若 (3代目))・二代目中村成太郎。
- The remaining successors to Kansai Kabuki at this time were Ganjiro NAKAMURA II (nidaime), Gato KATAOKA IV (later, Nizaemon KATAOKA XIII (jusandaime)), Jukai ICHIKAWA III (sandaime), Jusaburo BANDO III (sandaime), Tomijuro NAKAMURA IV (yondaime), Minosuke BANDO VI (rokudaime) (later, Mitsugoro BANDO VIII (hachidaime)), Mataichiro HAYASHI II, Roen KATAOKA V (later, Gado KATAOKA XII; after his death, posthumously conferred Nizaemon XIV), Fukusuke NAKAMURA V (Takasagoya), Enjiro JITSUKAWA II (later, Enjaku JITSUKAWA III (sandaime)) and Naritaro NAKAMURA II.
- また、歴史学界からは相手にされない説であるが、鎌倉時代の『一代要記』、南北朝時代の『本朝皇胤紹運録』に記載の天武の年齢に基づくと、天武は天智より4歳年長であると解釈できることから、一部の研究家により第40代天武天皇の父親は第34代舒明天皇でないとする仮説(佐々克明、小林恵子、大和岩雄ら)が提唱されており、その場合父親が誰であろうと母親が第37代斉明天皇であったことが皇位継承の条件であったことになるとの主張もあるが、これは仮説であり正式なものとはされていない。
- In addition, according to the age of Tenmu stated in 'Ichidaiyoki' (summary chronicle of each reign) in the Kamakura period and 'Honcho Koin Joun roku' (the Emperor's family tree) in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, Tenmu was four years older than Tenji, for which some scholars including Katsuaki SASA, Keiko KOBAYASHI, and Iwao OWA advocate a tentative theory that the father of the fortieth Emperor Tenmu was not the thirty-fourth Emperor Jomei, and it is also advocated that the prerequisite for succeeding to the throne was that his mother was the thirty-seventh Emperor Saimei no matter who his father was; anyway, this is a tentative non-official theory and not accepted by the historical community.
- 天皇という呼称は律令制(「儀制令」)に規定があり、祭祀においては「天子」、詔書には「天皇」、華夷においては(国内外にむけては)「皇帝」、臣下がすぐそばから呼びかける時には「陛下」、皇太子など後継者に譲位した場合は「太上天皇(だいじょうてんのう)」、外出時には「乗輿」、行幸時には「車駕」という7つの呼び方が定められているがこれらはあくまで書記(表記)に用いられるもので、どう書いてあっても読みは風俗(当時の習慣)に従って「すめみまのみこと」や「すめらみこと」等と称するとある(特に祭祀における「天子」は「すめみまのみこと」と読んだ)。
- A regulation in the ritsuryo codes ('Gisei-ryo,' or the regulation of ceremonies code) regarding the title to be used for the Tenno states that the Emperor should be called 'Sumemimanomikoto,' 'Sumeramikoto,' or another such title in accordance with the customs of that time; this was despite the fact that there were already seven ways of addressing the Emperor—'Tenshi' at ceremonies, 'Tenno' in Shosho (imperial edicts or decrees), 'Kotei' in relations with China (domestic and diplomatic), 'Heika' when addressed by vassals in close proximity, 'Daijo-Tenno' when retired, 'Joyo' when going out, and 'Shaga' when traveling—because these names are only used in writing ('Tenshi' attending ceremonies in particular were addressed as 'Sumemimanomikoto').
- 玉川堂五代目田村綱造の『楽水紙製造起源及び沿革』によると、「和製唐紙の原料及び労力の多きに比し、支邦製唐紙の安価なると、西洋紙の使途ますます多きに圧され、この製唐紙業の永く継続し得べからざるより、ここに明治初年大いに意匠工夫を凝らしし結果、この楽水紙といふ紙を製することを案出し、今は玉川も名のみにて、鳥が鳴く東の京の北の端なる水鳥の巣鴨の村に一つの製紙場を構え、日々この紙を漉くことをもて専業とするに至れり。もっとも此の紙は全く余が考案せしものにはあらず、その源は先代(田村佐吉)に萌し、余がこれを大成せしものなれば、先代号を楽水といへるより、これをそのまま取りて楽水紙と名ずける。」とある。
- According to the 'the origin and the history of rakusui-shi production' written by Kozo TAMURA, the fifth head of the Tamagawa-do Store, 'While domestic Chinese paper production requires a large amount of materials and labor, Chinese paper made in China is cheaper. In addition, the usage of Western paper is increasing more and more, which can interfere with continuing this domestic Chinese paper production over a long period. Thus, this 'rakusui-shi' paper was invented as a result of tremendous trials of designs and ideas during the first year of the Meiji period (1868). Now, 'Tamagawa' is only valid as a store name, and a paper mill has been operated in Sugamo village, named after a waterfowl, which is located in the north end of Tokyo where birds sing. We have produced this paper every day as our principal occupation. This paper, however, was not completely invented by myself. The original idea was hit upon by the previous head (Sakichi TAMURA) and I completed it. Because his pseudonym was 'Rakusui,' I named this paper as 'rakusui-shi' after him.'