結果: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- この結果
- consequently
- as a result
- hereby
- 提出の結果
- Results of the submission
- 干渉の結果
- Outcome of the Intervention
- 背景と結果
- The Background and Outcome
- 結果として蜂起に至った。
- This led to an uprising.
- 結果、鎌倉幕府は滅亡する。
- Eventually, the Kamakura bakufu was overthrown.
- 結果的に採択されるに至った。
- This escalation was adopted as a result.
- 結果、県経済は活況を呈した。
- As a result, economics of the prefecture grew lively.
- 結果は木谷の5目勝ちとなった。
- As a result, Kitani won by 5 points.
- 観測結果の記録などを担当した。
- He was in charge of recording the observation results.
- その結果は以下のようであった。
- The followings are the results.
- その結果が黄巣の乱となって顕れる。
- The result of this was manifested in the Huang Chao Rebellion
- この結果、彼女は大王の母となった。
- As a result, she became the mother of okimi.
- その結果、数日でようやく全快した。
- After that Ryoo recovered completely in several days.
- この結果、日本側の制海権が確定した。
- Consequently, Japan's command of the seas was confirmed.
- その結果、教官たちは辞表を撤回した。
- As a result, professors etc. withdrew their resignation.
- その結果、謀叛人の立場から脱却した。
- As a result, he emerged from the position of a rebel.
- この結果徳川家康は関東に転封された。
- As a result, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was moved to the Kanto region.
- 結果、天武天皇系は途絶することとなる
- As a result, an emperor descended from the Emperor Tenmu was going to be discontinued.
- その結果、武装した神官が現れ始める。
- As a result, armed Shinto priests emerged.
- その結果惣代75名を除いて帰郷した。
- Most peasants except 75 representatives went back home.
- また、観測結果の口外も禁じられていた。
- It was also forbidden to talk about the results of observations.
- 全国投票の結果、以下の3つが選ばれた。
- As the result of nationwide polling, the following three places were chosen.
- 日本では、疫学的な調査結果がまだない。
- In Japan, no epidemiological survey has been conducted.
- この結果、元命は国司を罷免されている。
- As the result, Motonaga was dismissed of Kokushi.
- その結果晩年は糖尿病に悩まされていた。
- As a result, he had been suffered from diabetes in his later years.
- その結果、倭国・百済連合軍が大敗した。
- As a result, the union army of Yamato and Paekche suffered a crushing defeat.
- これが司家争いの結果を決めたと伝わる。
- It is said that this determined the outcome of the battles among various Tsukasake.
- 成幹は主君、義光の元へ結果を報告した。
- Narimoto reported the result to the lord, Yoshimitsu.
- 結果は、将門が大勝し、豊田に凱旋した。
- In the end, Masakado had a decisive victory and returned to Toyoda in triumph.
- 過程がどうあれ、結果が全てという意味。
- Meaning: Whatever a process is like, everything is evaluated only by results.
- 行政行為の目的及び結果を記録した公文書。
- Official documents in which the purpose and results of administrative actions are recorded.
- 発掘の結果わかったことは次の通りである。
- As a result of these excavation, the following findings were made:
- 激しい選挙戦となったが結果は斎藤が当選。
- Despite the extreme competition SAITO persevered and won the election.
- その結果むしろ公出挙は益々盛んになった。
- As a result, Ku-Suiko came to be implemented more extensively than before.
- その結果空いた尾張には豊臣秀次が入った。
- It led Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI to get Nobukatsu's now vacant former territory, Owari.
- 飲んでは吐きながら訓練した結果であった。
- He became a heavy drinker as the result of his training, in which he would repeatedly drink and vomit.
- 結果的に自ら鎌倉入りの可能性を閉ざした。
- Consequently, he lost the opportunity to enter Kamakura.
- その結果、頼朝から猶子として迎えられた。
- Consequently, he was adopted by Yoritomo as his own child.
- 結果、雷撃隊と薩軍本隊との連絡が絶たれた。
- As a result, communications between the Raigeki-tai troop and the main force of the Satsuma army were cut off.
- 追撃により多数の戦死者を出す結果となった。
- Consequently, chase attacks caused a number of casualties.
- その結果、反転して西上する方針が決定する。
- As a result, by reversing the original plan, the strategy to head the army westwards was decided.
- 結果、家督を斯波義寛(義寛)に譲らされる。
- As a result he forced Yoshitoshi to give up his position as the head of the clan and had Yoshihiro succeed to it.
- 結果、翌文久3年(1863年)に失脚する。
- As a result, he was overthrown in the following year, 1863.
- 占った結果としての吉凶が現れる時期を知る方法
- The method to know the time when the result of divination, a good or bad omen, appears
- その結果、武士が商人に依存するようになった。
- As a result, in reality samurai became dependent on the merchants.
- 討議の結果『貴族』と『名族』が候補に残った。
- After discussions, 'kizoku' and 'meizoku' remained.
- この結果、家康は莫大な財を次代に残している。
- Resultantly, Ieyasu left a vast amount of assets to the next generation.
- つづいて埼玉県にも提出したが同じ結果だった。
- She then submitted application to Saitama Prefecture, but her application was rejected as in Tokyo.
- この結果、上級客車の客足も元に戻ったという。
- As a result, customers started to travel in higher grade passenger cars again.
- 壬申約条はその結果として通告されたものである。
- The Jinshin Yakujo was issued as a consequence of the negotiation.
- 審理結果は評定衆へ上申され、評定衆が裁定した。
- The result of trial was reported to the Hyojoshu where it was judged.
- この結果、様々な記述に関し虚実が混じっている。
- As a result of these embellishments, fiction is mixed in many of the descriptions.
- 道隆の一族、中関白家が排斥される結果となった。
- It resulted in the ejection of the Nakanokanpaku family from the Michitaka clan.
- この結果、宗盛が清盛の後継者の地位を確立した。
- As a result, Munemori established his position as Kiyomori's successor.
- 結果、後白河天皇・信西・清盛側が勝利を収める。
- Emperor Goshirakawa, Shinzei, and Kiyomori achieved victory.
- この結果「鉄道は儲かる」という認識が広まった。
- As a result, the recognition that 'a railway makes a profit' prevailed.
- As a result, it was widely recognized as a lucrative business.
- それは、墾田開発の活発化という結果をもたらした。
- As a result, development of konden became activated.
- その結果1876年2月日朝修好条規が調印された。
- As a result, a Japanese-Korea Treaty of Amity was signed in February 1876.
- その結果、実質的には収入が半減することになった。
- In effect, the law reduced the income from nengu for samurai families by half.
- その結果、家庭向け百科事典のようになっていった。
- As a result, its style came closer to that of an Encyclopedia for family use.
- その結果、慈敬寺が指導的地位に立つことになった。
- As a result, Jikei-ji Temple took the leadership position.
- その後、矯正した結果現在は両手利きであるという。
- He was later cured of the habit of left-handedness, with the result that he can now use both hands equally, it is believed.
- 結果的にハマグリなど、硬い貝殻は期間が長くなる。
- Therefore it is longer for hard shells such as clamshells.
- その結果政界構造が変化して支持基盤を失っていた。
- As a result, balance among the political powers changed and Ryoshun lost his support base.
- その結果、「天下栄名」と評せられる存在となった。
- As a result, he developed a good reputation and became known as 'Tenka Eimei' (Honor of the Realm).
- この結果、キリスト教は次第に信者を獲得していく。
- As a result, Christianity gradually gained believers.
- この事件の結果、得宗家への反抗勢力は無くなった。
- As the result of this incident, the power opposed to the Tokuso family was eliminated.
- これは紀州側にとって完全に見込み違いの結果だった。
- This was totally different from what the Kishu side had expected.
- その結果、一族の多くは故郷を離れて各地に離散した。
- As a result, many of the members of the clan dispersed over the country, leaving their native land.
- 結果本法は、昭和29年7月1日をもって廃止された。
- Accordingly, this act was abolished on July 1, 1954.
- そして、結果的として鎌倉幕府の成立がもたらされる。
- As a result, it led to the establishment of the Kamakura bakufu.
- その結果、澄之・澄元両派の対立が先鋭化するに至る。
- This brought the two sides into conflict.
- いわばヒーローとして祭り上げられた結果とも言える。
- Because of the success of his book, he was considered to be a hero of the time and this might have resulted in creating the existing fiction.
- 結果天台座主義円が還俗し、新将軍足利義教となった。
- As a result, Tendai-zasu (the head priest of the Tendai sect of Buddhism), Gien, returned to secular life to become a new shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
- その結果、縄文人の人口も停滞あるいは減少に転じる。
- As a result, the population of the Jomon people turned to stagnate or decline.
- その結果、生み出された儀式の集大成が「儀式」である。
- The final compilation of rules and customs was called 'Gishiki.'
- 閑院宮家の設立は皇継断絶を救う結果となったのである。
- The foundation of the Kaninnomiya family saved the Imperial family form extinction.
- しかし結果的には賠償要求も武力報復も行われなかった。
- However, in terms of results, Russia did not claim compensation or exercised military retaliation.
- その結果、伊賀忍者が甲賀忍者追討の任にあてがわれた。
- In the consequence, Iga Ninja were assigned the mission to hunt down and kill Koka Ninja.
- その結果、大王(天皇)へ権力が集中することになった。
- Consequently, power became concentrated in the Okimi (Emperor.)
- この間の段階的な制度変化の結果であった可能性も高い。
- It was highly possible that the time for ryosei province establishment was due to the result of the gradual change of the system during this period.
- 朝鮮では、この干渉の結果、閔妃など親露派が台頭した。
- In Korea, the intervention encouraged the rise of pro-Russian politicians, such as Queen Min.
- 結果、江戸幕府は院政の存在を黙認せざるをえなくなる。
- As a result, Edo Bakufu had no choice but to tolerate the existence of insei.
- その結果、蘇我蝦夷の擁立する舒明天皇らと皇位を争う。
- As a result, Prince Yamashiro no oe competed against Emperor Jomei backed by SOGA no Emishi for the Imperial Throne.
- しかし結果的には忠隣が推した徳川秀忠が世嗣となった。
- However, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, who Tadachika recommended, ended up becoming a successor.
- その結果、塾生は減り、やがて私塾は閉鎖するに至った。
- As a consequence, the number of students decreased, which led to the closing of the school.
- その結果、明治30年(1897年)自由党を脱党した。
- As a result, he left Liberal Party in 1897.
- その変化はプラント・オパール分析の結果から判明した。
- The change was revealed from the result of the plant opal phytolith analysis.
- 山岡はこの結果を持って翌10日、江戸へ帰り勝に報告。
- Yamaoka took forth the results and retuned to Edo, there he reported to Katsu on March 10th.
- 結果、中納言に昇進した薫に改めて娘達の後見を託した。
- After consideration, he again requested Kaoru, who had been promoted to Middle Counselor, to be the guardian of his daughters.
- その結果、学問として体系化された「歌道」が成立した。
- As a result, 'Kado' that was systematized as a study was established.
- その結果、武家(守護)による守護領国制の確立を促した。
- Accordingly, the law facilitated the establishment of the Shugo-ryogoku system (the system where a Shugo dominate a manor) by the samurai families (Shugo).
- また藩鎮の勢力を削った結果、藩鎮の抱える兵力が減った。
- Furthermore, as a result of paring down hanchin's power, there was a decrease in the number of soldiers hanchin held.
- その結果、長慶は戦国大名として名乗りを上げたのである。
- As a result, Nagayoshi became famous as a daimyo in the Sengoku period.
- その結果、幕府の財政は改善に向かい、景気もよくなった。
- As a result, finances improved and business recovered.
- これも寺内正毅と共に長州びいきを推し進めた結果である。
- This was also the result of pursuing favoritism toward Chochu people together with Masatake TERAUCHI.
- その結果、扶余豊(扶余豊璋)は避城への移動を強行した。
- As a result, Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO) enforced the plan to move to the Hi-jo Castle.
- その結果、義国は勅勘を蒙り、父義家に捕縛命令が下りる。
- As a result, Yoshikuni received chokkan, and the arrest order for his father Yoshiie was issued.
- その結果、義経の郎党と景時父子が斬りあう寸前になった。
- As a result, Yoshitsune's vassals and Kagetoki and his sons almost had a sword fight.
- 買収の結果「国有鉄道」となったので以後国鉄と表記する。
- After the buyout, all which became the 'nationally owned railway' thus called Japan National Railways thereafter.
- ただし翌年5月に再出願を行った結果7月に許可が下りた。
- However, the following May it was filed again, and approved in July as a result.
- その結果、双方とも短期決戦を選ぶ他なかったと推測される。
- As a result, both sides sought nothing but a short war.
- その結果、幕府では将軍と御家人の関係再構築が実施された。
- As a result, in the bakufu, the reconstruction of the relationship between shogun and gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) was carried out.
- 結果的に軍部による合法的な倒閣が実現される恰好となった。
- As a result, termination of a Cabinet by the military was legally granted.
- その結果、都市部では貧民が多く存在するようになった。
- As a result, the population of poor people grew in urban areas.
- この結果、麹の専門業界は没落して酒屋業へ組み入れられた。
- As a result, this lead to the downfall of the koji malt industry which was subsequently incorporated into the sakaya (liquor store) industry.
- この霜月騒動と呼ばれる内乱の結果、平頼綱が実権を握った。
- This disturbance called the Shimotsuki Incident resulted in TAIRA no Yoritsuna's assumption of control.
- その結果、御館の乱は景勝の勝利に終わり、景虎は自害した。
- Consequently, the Otate War ended with a victory for Kagekatsu, and Kagetora killed himself.
- 結果に不満であった政元は、やがて幕府に距離を置き始める。
- Dissatisfied with the outcome, Masamoto began to remove himself from governmental affairs.
- 結果的に、彼は公教育の場を追われることになってしまった。
- As a result, he was kept out of the public schools.
- この結果、美濃は動乱状態となり戦禍は近江にまで波及する。
- As a result, Mino Province fell into condition of disturbance and the disasters of war spread to Omi Province.
- その結果、数多くの囚人が悲惨極まる強制労働にて死亡した。
- As a result, many prisoners were forced to work in cruelly harsh conditions and died.
- その結果、縄文後期・晩期には文化圏の数は四つに減少する。
- As a result, the number of cultural regions decreased to four during the end and the last Jomon periods.
- 10年後、一条天皇に詩を奉じた結果、越前国の受領となる。
- Ten years later, as a consequence of dedicating a poem to Emperor Ichijo, he became a governor of Echizen Province.
- 結果として、抗議行動に出た者たちは反乱者として鎮圧された。
- Resultantly, those who protested with force were suppressed as rebels.
- この結果、熊本県内には現在も清正による遺構が多く存在する。
- As a result, there are many remains in Kumamoto Prefecture that Kiyomasa was involved with even today.
- その結果として、翌日大村は兵部大輔に就任することとなった。
- As a result, Omura was appointed to the post of Hyobu taifu (senior assistant minister of the Hyobusho Ministry of Military) the next day.
- その結果、頼芸は揖斐北方城に入り、政頼は革手城に復帰した。
- As a result, Yorinari returned to the Ibi Kitakata-jo Castle, and Masayori returned to the Kawate-jo Castle.
- さまざまな経緯はあるが、結果的には之善の試みは挫折に終る。
- Yukiyoshi's initiative, after going through various episodes, ended up with failure in the event.
- しかしそれは山東省外への義和団拡大をもたらす結果となった。
- However, this led to the Boxers spreading outside Shandong Province.
- その結果、選挙資金を得るためという政治腐敗の増加を招いた。
- This brought more political corruption cases related to election campaign fund-raising.
- 結果として、条里制という概念そのものも見直しが行われている。
- As a result, the concept of jori sei itself is under re-examination.
- 1523年(大永3)の寧波の乱の結果、大内氏が権益を握った。
- The Ouchi clan gained the rights and interests after the Neiha war in 1523.
- その結果、東国武士が多数、畿内・西国へ移住することとなった。
- As a result, a lot of Togoku Samurai (a group of samurai in the eastern part of Japan) moved to Kinai (provinces near Kyoto)/western part of Japan.
- その結果、三浦義明・大庭景義ら有力な在地豪族を傘下に収める。
- As a result, he subjugated some of the powerful families there, such as those of Yoshiaki MIURA and Kageyoshi OBA.
- その神託の結果が道鏡の意に反していたことから還俗させられた。
- Since the result of the oracle was against the expectation of Dokyo, her priesthood was deprived (she was forced to return to secular life).
- その結果、紙に漆が浸潤し、土中での腐食を免れることになった。
- As a result, the lacquer was permeated into the paper and made it avoid corruption in the soil.
- これも朝廷側からの宇佐八幡宮への圧迫の結果であると見られる。
- It is considered that this is a result of the pressure used from the Imperial Court side to Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine.
- その結果、水野家からも毛利家からも不満の声は上がらなかった。
- As a result, there were no complaints from either the Mizuno family or the Mori family.
- 藩の財政状況が悪化すれば藩札の信用力も落ちる結果につながる。
- The credibility of han bills was also at risk whenever the financial situation of the domain worsened.
- 結果、両者の間の高熊山に籠もっていた熊本隊は完全に包囲された。
- As a result, the Kumamoto-tai troop, which was hiding in Mt. Takakuma located between the two brigades, was completely besieged.
- その結果、両局が地下官人を家臣化して事実上の私物化に成功した。
- Consequently, the two offices treated the lower ranking court officials as virtually their own vassals.
- これを恐れた当時の権力者藤原仲麻呂が牽制した結果と想像される。
- The above situation is presumed to have been caused by the influence of the then powerful person, FUJIWARA no Nakamaro who feared the possibility of Prince Shioyaki's succession to the Imperial Throne.
- 結果、「銅にしては高いが銀にしては安い」価値で交易されていた。
- As a result, the copper of Japan was exchanged at 'a high rate for copper, but low rate for silver.'
- その結果、麹屋側は酒屋側に屈服して京都における麹座は衰退した。
- As a result, the kojiya gave in to the sakaya, and the koji za in Kyoto fell into decline.
- はっきりとした勝利の結果は残らなかったため後々までに影響する。
- A clear result of such victory did not remain, however, it influenced later events.
- その結果、アジアで最初の普通選挙が実施され政党政治が成立した。
- As a result of this movement, popular election was conducted and party politics were established.
- 後世に様々な俗説が創作されたことも評価を低くする結果となった。
- All of these popular beliefs contributed to the establishment of his low public assessment.
- 結果として源仲章は実朝と一緒に暗殺され、義時は生き延びている。
- The act of MINAMOTO no Nakaaki in substitution for Yoshitoki resulted in the assassination of Nakaaki and the survival along with Sanetomo and the survival of Yoshitoki.
- 尊氏がこれを受けた結果正平一統が成立し直義は失脚、毒殺される。
- As a result of Takauji's following the course suggested by Doyo, the reconciliation of Shohei no itto was achieved, Tadayoshi fell from power, and was subsequently killed with poison.
- 結果は、基房の解任・配流、反平氏公卿・殿上人・受領の大量解官。
- The coup d'etat resulted in the dismissal and transportation of Motofusa, as well as the mass dismissal of anti-Taira-clan nobles, court people and Zuro (rank).
- 坂本龍馬と勝海舟を結果的に引き合わせることになった人物である。
- He eventually brought Ryoma SAKAMOTO and Kaishu KATSU together.
- この結果、基房・師家父子は解任され、一旦は失脚の憂き目を見る。
- As a result, Motofusa and Moroie, father and son, were removed from their posts and fell from power.
- その結果水鳥の羽音を夜襲と勘違いしてしまったことによるという。
- So they thought they were raided when they heard waterfowls flap their wings.
- この事件の結果、尾張藩は官軍の一員として各地で幕府軍と戦った。
- As a result of this incident, the Owari Domain fought with the army of the bakufu in various places as members of Imperial army.
- その結果、民部省は地方に関する事務処理のみを扱うこととなった。
- As a result, Minbu-sho only engaged in the paperwork concerning the provinces.
- その結果、不義の子薫を産むという苦難を経て精神面が急激に成長。
- This resulted in her giving birth to an illegitimate child whom they named Kaoru, whose mental development was affected dramatically growing up under such distress.
- その結果、この新しい碑学派の篆刻を行う者が現れ、革新派と称した。
- As a result, some people who started tenkoku of the Higaku (study of Hokuhi) school referred to themselves as the 'Kakushin' school.
- 結果的にはより強硬な運動弾圧策に乗り出す環境を整える事となった。
- As a result, this made the government take more severe oppressive measures against the movement.
- 一般に、政治的統一は民族的等質性の結果ではなくむしろ原因である。
- In general, political integration is not a result of racial homogeneity but a cause.
- 結果は織田・徳川軍の勝利であったが、6000近い犠牲者を出した。
- It resulted in the victory of the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces, with nearly 6,000 casualties.
- その結果、より濃密な企業間交流が促進されることにつながっている。
- The result has led to the promotion of more dense exchanges among companies.
- 将軍継嗣問題は後鳥羽上皇にも、義時にもしこりが残る結果となった。
- The problematic issue of the shogunal succession left lingering bad feelings between the retired Emperor Gotoba and Yoshitoki.
- この結果、源氏軍による東海道方面の進撃は一時中断することとなる。
- As a result, the progression of the Minamoto clan troops along the Tokai-do Road was halted for a while.
- まこと、陰陽師も、釜の御祓いも、正しい結果をしめしたものである。
- Thus it is said that the accuracy of the yin-yang diviner's divination and the rightness of the cauldron's oracle are truly sacred.
- その結果、そうした資金を祠堂銭の元手として運用する寺院も多かった。
- As a result, many temples invested these funds as capital for Shidosen.
- その結果、初期の節用集は一番始めに出てくる項目が「伊勢」であった。
- As a result, the first entry in the early setsuyoshu was 'Ise' (Ise Province).
- その結果として領土を勝ち得、家臣団に与えて下克上の芽を摘み取った。
- This led to acquisition of territories, which were then given to the daimyo's vassals to ease their ambition to come through the ranks.
- この結果王朝は紙幣を発行し、銀と共に取引に使用されるようになった。
- This resulted in the issuance of bills by the dynasty and they were used in deals together with silver.
- この「入札」の結果を参考にして、主要閣僚は以下のように決定された。
- Referring to the results of the 'bid', primary cabinet members were selected as follows.
- 結果、日印は仏教全宗派を論破し、幕府は題目宗の布教を正式に認める。
- After all, Nichiin refuted all the sects of Buddhism, and the bakufu officially approved dissemination of Daimoku sect.
- この結果、北条一族のほとんどが討死または自害し、北条氏は滅亡する。
- Almost the entire Hojo clan died in the battle or killed themselves, resulting in the collapse of the clan.
- その結果、田堵負名と国司の間で紛争がしばしば見られるようになった。
- As a result, disputes between tato fumyo and kokushi became very common.
- その結果、律令制の人別支配への回帰は完全に放棄されることとなった。
- As a result, the attempt to go back to the rule over people under the Ritsuryo system was utterly-abandoned.
- 結果家斉の機嫌を損ね、事件後に松平定信が失脚、辞職する遠因となる。
- As a result, Ienari was offended, and Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA was ousted after the incident and so became the remote cause of a resignation.
- 調査の結果は「優男の骨格・頭形は木槌型・反っ歯・没年41歳相当」。
- As the result of the investigation, he was a 'man whose bone structure suggested a gentle manner, with a wooden-mallet-shaped head and projecting tooth... the age at death was around 41 years.'
- 結果、在日横浜英国領事館判事ハンネンより禁錮3ケ月の判決を受けた。
- As a result, Drake was sentenced to 3 months imprisonment from the judge Hannen of the British consulate of Yokohama.
- 結果、約1ヵ月後の元治元年(1864年)7月22日に傷が元で逝去。
- After all, he died from his wound one month after the incident on August 23, 1864.
- (その結果、当時の生糸の輸出は日本の総輸出量の3分の1にもなった)
- (As a result, the export of raw silk thread made up one third of the total amount of export of Japan at that time.)
- これは江戸急進派の顔を失わせる結果となり、その発言力を弱めさせた。
- This was a loss of face for the radical Tokyo faction and weakened their influence.
- その結果、義村の勢力は大きく損なわれ、逆に村宗は播磨に攻め入った。
- As a result, the Yoshimura's force was greatly impaired, contrary to the Muramune's force which moved on to attack Harima province.
- 結果責任によって犯罪の成立が論じられる客観主義的な要素が強かった。
- Objectivism, which judges a crime based on accountability, was a strong factor.
- その結果、漢人の手を借りずに直接原住民を管理する政策に改められた。
- As a result, it was revised to a policy of managing the indigenous people directly without the Han.
- 同書105頁から、「脱亜論」関連論説の認定結果の一覧表を引用する。
- This is the list of the result of identification of the related thesis of the 'Datsu-A Ron' taken from page 105 of the book.
- その結果、文部省は哲学館の教員免許無試験認可を取り消すこととした。
- As a result, Ministry of Education cancelled to give teaching license to graduates of Tetsugakukan without an examination.
- これら幕府の対応の混乱は、義教の将軍親政策の結果という見方もできる。
- It can also be viewed that these confusions of bakufu's response were the result of Yoshinori's policy of direct rule of shogun.
- しかし近年の調査結果から、古墳ではなく中世の山城跡とする見方が強い。
- However, as a result of research conducted in recent years, the Kojo-ichigo-fun Tumulus is widely viewed not to be a tumulus but the ruin of a medieval mountain castle.
- 石山本願寺への兵糧搬入という当初の目的は毛利方が果たす結果となった。
- Consequently, the primary purpose of the Mori side was fulfilled by delivering provisions to Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple.
- その結果、伊藤博文の配慮によって内務卿に転出する形で大蔵省を去った。
- As a result, he left the Ministry of Treasury and was reassigned a Minister of Interior due to Hirobumi ITO's thoughtfulness.
- 大村の建軍構想は、この会議の結果、ことごとく退けられることとなった。
- The talks resulted in Omura's ideas on the creation of the military being comprehensively rejected.
- その結果、長州藩による薩摩藩傭船長崎丸撃沈事件、加徳丸事件が起きた。
- For that reason, the incident of torpedoing the Nagasakimaru, a chartered ship of the Satsuma Domain was perpetrated by the Choshu Domain, and also the the incident of the Katokumaru ship occurred.
- だが、このために信長の怒りは尋常ではなく、磔に処される結果となった。
- However, this upset Nobunaga extraordinarily and Hideharu ended up being executed by crucifixion.
- 千鶴子の透視能力を確信した福来は、この実験結果を心理学会で発表した。
- Fukurai, having believed in her clairvoyant power, presented the result of the experiment in an academic meeting of psychology.
- 結果聶士成を戦死せしめ、数日後の7月14日には天津を占領するに至る。
- Nie Shicheng died in battle as a result and Tianjin was conquered several days later on July 14.
- また全国でも88万余町で100万町歩に満たず、結果的に失敗となった。
- The nationwide tally fell short of the million hectares, reaching only 880,000 hectares, and the plan was ultimately a failure.
- このため、結果として賎民とされる人々に仏教徒が多いという現象を生じた。
- Therefore, it resulted in the phenomenon that there were many Buddhists among the people who were supposed to be Senmin.
- この殿中御掟21か条は、結果的に信長と義昭の不和を決定的なものとした。
- The twenty-one Articles of denchu on okite made the antagonism between Nobunaga and Yoshiaki conclusive.
- 結果的に三段撃ちが無くても、武田軍を消耗させる事は難しくないといえる。
- Consequently, Nobunaga's teppo units could have easily weakened the Takeda forces without recourse to the tactics of sandan-uchi.
- しかし、横綱免許を濫発したことが却って横綱の権威を損なう結果を招いた。
- However, excessive issuing of yokozuna licenses had the opposite effect that resulted in ruining yokozuna's authority.
- その結果、領家の権威だけでは荘園の所有が維持できないケースも見られた。
- As a result, in some cases, the ryoke authority alone could not maintain ownership of the shoen.
- その結果、吉田寮はその後も京都大学の学生寮として存続することとなった。
- As a result, Yoshida dormitory has since continued to exist as the student dormitory of Kyoto University.
- その結果、調庸・封物京進を狙っていた群盗海賊は沈静化することとなった。
- As a result, the activities of robberies and piracy aiming at the choyo and fubutsu paying to Kyoto gradually became weaker.
- 台湾では、大気中の濃度が通常時よりも35%増加するとの結果が出ている。
- In Taiwan, it is reported that the density of such components in the air increased by 35 percent compared with that in the ordinary air condition.
- だが、結果的に7月9日に改めて侍所の建物を破却して新造する様に命じた。
- As a result, however, he ordered to destroy the building of Samurai-dokoro and rebuild it on August 14.
- その結果、数正が徳川氏から出奔して豊臣氏に寝返り、家康は窮地に陥った。
- Resultantly, Kazumasa left the Tokugawa family to support the Toyotomi side, forcing Ieyasu into a corner.
- 結果的にの正四位上・参議が極官(位階は石足以降では最も低い)となった。
- Subsequently, his highest political position was Sangi with the rank of Shoshiinojo (Senior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade), which was granted in 795 (His rank was the lowest among the successive descendants of the clan after Iwatari.)
- が、禁門の変は結果的に失敗し、忠能は孝明天皇の怒りを買って処罰された。
- However, the Kinmon Incident failed and as a result, the Emperor Komei got angry and punished Tadayasu.
- 多賀城の略奪は反乱の直接の結果だが、その指揮官が誰かを史料は記さない。
- The looting of the Taka-jo Castle was a direct consequence of the rebellion but historical materials didn't indicate who was a commander.
- 結果として後の承久の乱の際に去就を迷い、後鳥羽天皇方に従ってしまった。
- As a result of this, later, during the time of the Jokyu war, he was unable to decide which side he would support and ended up following the party of the Emperor Gotoba.
- 結果として冬季の戦闘で多くの将兵が凍傷にかかり、相当な戦力低下を招いた。
- Consequently, many solders suffered from frostbite during battles in winter, significantly reducing military power.
- だが、それが勤皇思想と結んだ結果において倒幕と言うエネルギーに一転した。
- However, at time when this theory was related to the pro-Imperial thought, it led people to shift to the movement to overthrow the Shogunate.
- その結果、京都などにあった本所は年貢収入を受け取ることは出来なくなった。
- As a result, honjo, such as those living in Kyoto, became unable to receive nengu.
- 結果、必要物資の供給及び密貿易の停止が朝鮮側から宣言される事態となった。
- As a result Korea declared a suspension of the supply of necessary goods and illegal trades.
- その結果、周辺は若干緑が残るものの、周囲はほぼ開発され尽くした感がある。
- Accordingly, the surroundings of the pass have been almost completely developed with only a little greenery is there.
- この事は、得宗とその家臣である御内人の発言力が強まるという結果を齎した。
- This resulted in the increased influence of Tokuso and the miuchibito, their vassals.
- この田辺城の戦いは結果的には西軍の勝利であるが、戦略的には敗北であった。
- The western army won the Battle of Tanabe-jo Castle in terms of results but lost in strategic terms.
- 13世紀前半の承久の乱の結果、公家政権は武家政権に寄生する存在となった。
- As a result of the Jokyu War during the first half of thirteenth century, the Kuge government became a parasite on the back of the military government.
- この結果、国営の電話事業が始まり、忠亮は日本で最初に電話通話を行なった。
- As a result, a nationalized telephone company was established and Tadaakira became the first person to talk over the phone in Japan.
- この結果、政策決定の場でも論功行賞の配分でも親京都派の発言力が強まった。
- As a consequence, the influence of the Kyoto sympathizers was enhanced in the political decision-making as well as in the repartition of a grant of honors
- 結果、天台座主義円が還俗して足利義教として将軍職を継承することとなった。
- As a result, Gien who was Tendai-Zasu (head priest of the Tendaishu sect) quitted the priesthood and became the successor to the shogunate.
- この結果、無政府主義者やそれに近い者が社会運動の主流派を占めるに至った。
- As a result, anarchists and those close to anarchism became the majority in the socialist movement.
- 高田の脱盟は江戸急進派の顔を失わせる結果となり、その発言力を弱めさせた。
- Their loss of Takata brought shame to the Edo radicals and weakened their influence.
- その結果、当荘園に由来する古い地名である「倉垣小杉」への町名変更を行った。
- As a result, the name of the town was changed to 'Kuragaki Kosugi,' an old name based on the manor, Kuragaki no Sho.
- 調査の結果、政庁地区においては3時期の遺構面が存在することが確かめられた。
- As a result of the research, it was confirmed that there are ancient foundations of three different periods in the government district.
- この結果、別働第5旅団と熊本鎮台の連絡は夜になっても絶たれたままになった。
- As a result, communications between the detached 5th brigade and Kumamoto Garrison was not recovered even at nightfall.
- その結果、そこに侍る女性としての性行為を前提とする新たな女性層が生まれる。
- As a result, a new class of women who served such second house on condition that they had a sexual act with their master came into existence.
- 結果的に兄の説得に折れる形で顕宗天皇元年(485年)正月、弘計が即位する。
- As a result, yielding to persuasion by his elder brother, the younger Oke acceded to the throne in February, 485.
- 結果、立命館をはじめ京大以外の関西圏大学法学部の発展を促すことにもなった。
- In the end, it led to the development of law faculties within the Kansai area other than Kyoto University such as Ritsumeikan.
- この結果同学会は解散させられ、中心人物と目された学生2名が逮捕起訴された。
- As a result, the Dogaku-kai was forced to dismantle and two students who were considered the leaders were arrested and charged.
- 釜山では、粉塵中の濃度が通常の2.5倍、という2001年の調査結果がある。
- In Busan, an investigation in 2001 showed that the density of such components in dust was 2.5 times that in the ordinary condition.
- だが、城自体は陥落寸前まで追い詰めたものの結果的には撤退することとなった。
- However, Terutora cornered the castle to the extent of almost taking over, but eventually, he had to withdraw.
- しかし西軍が攻め寄せる前に城を逃れた結果、戦後その責を問われて改易される。
- However, he left the castle before the West forces launched their attack, for which he was demoted.
- 南進論を実行した結果、アメリカ合衆国によって石油の全面禁輸に踏み切られた。
- As a result, the United States banned the export of oil to Japan.
- その結果、施行してみて初めて分かった矛盾・不備なども認識されるようになる。
- As a result, contradictions and flaws came to be recognized once it was in force.
- その結果は定かではないが、頼朝にその才能を愛されて、そのブレーンとなった。
- Although the result of this is unknown, he was favored by Yoritomo because of his talent and became his advisor.
- 結果、炮術調練場は延伸するが、当面は訓練を行わないことで、幕府と住民が合意。
- As a result, although the shooting practice field was extended, the bakufu and residents agreed that it wouldn't be used for shooting for the time being.
- こうした傾向が学閥化を則し、結果的には他氏族の排除・家学化を促すことになる。
- The tendency was to promote the formation of the academic cliques, and as a result, to promote the exclusion of the other clans and inheritance of hereditary learning.
- 同病院のデータの分析結果では、現在の花粉量は当時の2~3倍程度となっている。
- Analysis of the data from this hospital shows that the current airborne pollen level is 200-300% higher than the time at which the study was started.
- 結果、日露協商交渉は失敗し、外相小村寿太郎の交渉により日英同盟が締結された。
- Finally, negotiations on the Russo-Japanese entente broke down, and the Anglo-Japanese Alliance was concluded after negotiations by the foreign minister Jutaro KOMURA.
- 結果的に勝家軍は秀吉軍に大敗し、盛政は再起を図って加賀に落ち延びようとした。
- Consequently, the Katsuie's army suffered a crushing defeat to the Hideyoshi's army, and Morimasa tried to retreat to Kaga Province to make a comeback later.
- だが皮肉なことにこのことが結果的に西郷を政治的な隠遁に追い込む遠因となった。
- But, as a result this thing was an ironical indirect cause that forced Saigo into retired from politics.
- その結果おかしな点があったため、芳年は写生はしていないということが判明した。
- Since the photograph was different from the Yoshitoshi's paintings, it was confirmed that Yoshitoshi did not sketch the scene.
- 学者たちは萎縮し、結果として、倭姫即位説への反応は賛否とも鈍いものであった。
- Scholars were dispirited and did not respond to the Yamatohime no Okimi enthronement theory actively.
- この結果、ヤマト王権(倭国)と朝鮮半島諸国との関係・通交が活発化したのである。
- This led to increased interaction between the Yamato Kingdom (Wakoku) and the Korean kingdoms.
- 結果として両者共に目的を果たせなかったが、武田氏の支配地は着実に北上している。
- Neither side was able to accomplish its own aim, but the Takeda clan steadily expanded its territory into the northern direction
- この合戦の結果によって、多くの織田氏の旧臣が秀吉に接近、臣属するようになった。
- As a result of this battle, many old retainers of the Oda clan approached Hideyoshi and sought to serve as his vassals.
- 結果、古麻呂の子で首謀者とされた大伴継人は死刑、直前に死去していた家持は除名。
- As a consequence, OTOMO no Tsuguhito (son of Komaro and alleged mastermind) was condemned to death, and Yakamochi, who had died just before the incident, was excommunicated.
- その結果、都城の各方面で薩軍は総崩れとなり、この日官軍は都城を完全に占領した。
- As a result, the government army completely seized Miyakonojo on this day as the Satsuma army was routed in the respective areas in Miyakonojo.
- 交渉の結果、官舎の設置や朝鮮内地の旅行は、朝鮮側の強い反対で日本側が撤回した。
- As a result of the negotiation, Japan withdrew the matters regarding establishment of the official residence and traveling inland in Korea, because of severe objection by Korea.
- 後に「今このような結果になったことに心を痛めています」と異例の発言をしている。
- Therefore, he later made unprecedented remarks, 'I regret that the bluegill has inflicted serious damage on the ecosystem of Japan.'
- その結果、自社両党による55年体制が崩壊し、非自民・非共産連立政権が成立した。
- As a result, the 1955-system by Liberal Democratic Party and Socialist Party of Japan collapsed and a coalition government, not including Liberal Democratic Party and Communist Party, was realized.
- その結果、征韓派の参議・西郷隆盛や江藤新平、板垣退助らが下野し、政府を去った。
- As a result the advocates of the Seikanron, including Sangi Takamori SAIGO, Shinpei ETO and Taisuke ITAGAKI, resigned to leave the government.
- が、結果としてかれらは官僚としての本来的な職務を疎んじなおざりすることになる。
- However, as a result, they came to disfavor and neglect their basic duties as bureaucrats.
- その結果、隣国の戦国大名である三好長慶によって内政干渉を受けることも多かった。
- Consequently, Nagayoshi MIYOSHI, the warring lord of the neighboring province, often interfered in Hatakeyama's domestic affairs.
- その結果、スサノオノミコトは潔白を証明するが、調子に乗って狼藉を働いてしまう。
- Susanoo no mikoto turned out to be innocent, but he got carried away and became violent.
- その結果、生活基盤が崩壊する賎民が続出して部落差別問題の深刻化の一因ともなった。
- As a result, there occurred the collapse of livelihood for many Senmin, thus contributing to the deepening of the Buraku discrimination problem.
- しかし、思惑とは逆に日英露三国により中国権益から締め出されてしまう結果となった。
- However, in contrary to its expectations, the United States was blocked out from receiving privileges in China by Japan, England, and Russia.
- 検地帳(けんちちょう)とは、検地の結果を村単位で集計して取りまとめた帳簿のこと。
- 'Kenchi-cho' refers to the register compiled per village, in which the result of 'kenchi' (land survey) was added up.
- 結果、長州藩内の被差別身分が差別から解放される事となり部落の生活水準は上昇した。
- As a result, people in buraku (hamlet) in Choshu Domain were liberated from discrimination raising the standard of living.
- この結果、翌年1月に第1次桂内閣は総辞職して代わりに第1次西園寺内閣が成立した。
- In this concequence, the First Katsura Cabinet resigned in a body in January of the following year, instead, the First Saionji Cabinet was formed.
- 結果、反発を招き、万延元年(1860年)桜田門外の変で水戸藩浪士らに暗殺された。
- His action provoked a backlash, and he was assassinated by roshi (masterless samurai) of Mito Domain in the Sakuradamongai Incident in 1860.
- 地租改正の際に行われた測量結果は地券に記され、この内容は地券台帳にまとめられた。
- A result of the land surveys implemented by the land-tax reform was recorded on the certificate of land title and the content was recorded in a registry of certificate of land title.
- これは三好政権の混乱の一因となり、足利義昭を擁立する織田信長を利する結果となる。
- This became a factor of confusion in the Miyoshi regime, eventually working in the interests of Nobunaga ODA who supported Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA.
- しかしその結果、将軍・足利義満から危険視され、義満は山名一族離反の謀略を試みる。
- However, due to their prevalence, the Yamana clan came to be considered as a potentially dangerous clan by Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA; Yoshimitsu attempted to conspire the estrangement of the Yamana clan.
- また、長期にわたって外遊した結果、単位不足で進級できず学習院大学政治学科を中退。
- Moreover, this official travel lasted for long period resulted in the shortage of credits enough to advance to a higher degree, which obliged him to drop out of the Department of Political Science of Gakushuin University.
- 資料が残っておらず結果は不明ながら、1508年にも再度同様の交渉が行われている。
- In 1508, they again had a similar negotiation, although its result is unknown because any related documents are not left.
- また、黄砂飛来時に大気中のダイオキシン類の濃度が増加するとの調査結果も出ている。
- There is also an investigation showing that the density of dioxin and dioxin-like particles in the air increased when kosa arrived.
- この結果、法皇と義仲の連携が成立して12月に法皇は義仲に頼朝追討の院宣を発した。
- As a result, a coalition between the Cloistered Emperor and Yoshinaka was established and in December the Retired Emperor issued an order to Yoshinaka to attack Yoritomo.
- 澄元は何度か京と四国を往復するが結果的には権力を奪えず1520年に阿波で没した。
- Although Sumimoto moved between Kyo and Shikoku several times, he could not take back power and died in Awa in 1520.
- しかし、この久政と長政との曖昧な関係が結果的には浅井家滅亡の遠因となってしまう。
- However, this vague relationship between Hisamasa and Nagamasa resulted in the underlying cause of the ruin of the Azai family.
- その結果、私学校徒の暴走に歯止めが利かなくなり、西南戦争に突入していくのである。
- Because of this, the anger of the Shigakko people got out of control, and this led to the Seinan War.
- だが、天皇の寵愛のし過ぎが忯子に無理を強いて結果的には病死させてしまうのである。
- However, excessive attention given by the Emperor placed on enormous stress on Shishi resulting in death by illness.
- しかし、結果として援軍を待ってから敵に当たった行為が適切であったとの評価を得た。
- However, after all, his fighting back the enemy after waiting for the reinforcements was appraised as an appropriate act.
- 結果として大阪会議以前の大久保の独裁体制が、より強化された形で復活したといえる。
- As a result, Okubo's former despotic system was revived in a more powerful form.
- その結果、海軍・陸軍、官僚、国家主義団体などを中心に政党政治への不満が高まった。
- Consequently, there was increasing disaffection with party government among the Navy, the Army, the bureaucracy, nationalist organizations, etc.
- この結果、樫野の寺、学校、灯台に収容された69名が救出され生還することができた。
- As a result, 69 people taken to a temple, a school and the lighthouse in Kashino were rescued alive.
- 「ワニザメ」は後に分類が進んだ結果としての和名で、獰猛なサメといった意味である。
- Wanizame' is a name in Japanese created as a result of further classification, and it means a ferocious shark.
- 浪士取締役の協議の結果、清河の計画を阻止するために浪士組は江戸に戻ることとなった。
- After discussion among Roshi Torishimari-yaku, it was decided that Roshi-gumi would return to Edo in order to obstruct KIYOKAWA's plan.
- しかし鎖国政策が推し進められた結果、遠距離航行をする船舶の必要性は消滅していった。
- However, as a national isolation policy was promoted, the necessity of ships sailing over long distances disappeared.
- 沙塵暴によって砂が巻き上げられる高さは、最大で上空7-8kmという観測結果がある。
- Reportedly, it was observed that sand was flung up to a height of seven to eight kilometers by shachenbao sandstorm.
- この結果、仙台藩は表高62万石に対し、実高100万石を越える米の生産量を確保した。
- As the result of this development, Sendai Domain achieved the actual yield of rice crop in the amount of 1,000,000 koku, while the reported face value based on the original territory condition was 620,000 koku.
- 田沼は、幕府の潤沢な財政を蝦夷地開発に注ぎ込んだが、あまり良い結果は出せなかった。
- Tanuma spent plenty of the government money on the development of Ezo, with scant results.
- 結果的には「水戸学」が目指した“愛民”の理想からは逸脱してしまった側面も存在しる。
- Consequently, Mitsukuni deviated from the ideal of 'aimin' (care for the people) which 'Mitogaku' intended to achieve.
- しかし、唐軍が近づくと慌てて周留城へ撤退したため、少なからぬ兵を失う結果となった。
- However, as the Tang army was approaching them, they had to retreat to the Suru-jo Castle precipitately, which led to lose many of their soldiers.
- その結果、兼家の官位は兼通の上を行くこととなり、このため兼通は兼家をひどく恨んだ。
- As a result, Kaneie was ranked higher than Kanemichi, and this made Kanemichi strongly hate Kaneie.
- 近代化と工業化を急いだ結果1920年(大正9年)には帝国海軍は世界第三位になった。
- As a result of having hurried the modernization and industrialization of Japan, the Imperial Japanese Navy became the third largest navy in the world in 1920.
- この方針に従って鎮圧に当たった結果、3月末から4月にかけて一揆は沈静化に向かった。
- As a result of the efforts to suppress the uprisings in line with the plan, the new government gradually achieved to calm them down from the mid-April to May(表記の変更).
- 同郡に入った新政府軍が戦乱を理由とした年貢の半減に応じた結果、間もなく鎮圧された。
- The new government army, which proceeded into the country, accepted the reduction of nengu (land tax) by half because land tax reduction was the cause of the disturbance, and in time the uprising calmed down.
- その結果は池田亀鑑により『校異源氏物語』および『源氏物語大成 校異編』に結実した。
- As a result, Kikan IKEDA published 'The Tale of Genji Match-up' and 'The Tale of Genji Match-Up Corpus.'
- 176冊の中から文化、文政、天保の年に多く出版されているという村田あがの分析結果。
- The research results by Aga MURATA, of 176 books most were published in the Bunka, Bunsei and Tenpo eras.
- その後岡豊城で一領具足を交えて軍議を開き、その結果阿波の完全制圧を目指す事となった。
- After that, having a council of war including ichiryo gusoku, the self-made rural samurai, they aimed to take complete control of Awa Province.
- その結果、1881年(明治14年)10月12日に、次のような国会開設の詔が発された。
- Following this incident, the Imperial Rescript for the establishment of the national diet was issued in October 12, 1881, and its contents were as follows;
- この結果、次第に他家の学生を圧迫して、藤原氏による官界支配を強化する原動力となった。
- As a result, these students oppressed the students of other families and became the motive power to strengthen Fujiwara clan's reign over the bureaucracy.
- その結果、領主としての武士は官僚・役人としての武士としての性格を強めることとなった。
- This resulted in the nature of samurai changing from ryoshu to bureaucrats and officials.
- 政権の最高実力者に対する暗殺という結果は、幕府の権威を大きく失墜させることとなった。
- Due to the assassination of its top official, the authority of the bakufu government crumbled.
- 「身分」よりも「財」が優越する社会が到来し、結果的に日本の近代化を進めることなった。
- In the society, importance became to be placed on 'money' more than on 'social status', resultantly advancing the modernization of Japan.
- この結果、恩賞の仲介者であった武士自らが恩賞の授与権者の地位を獲得するようになった。
- Consequently, the samurai who were originally mediators of rewards came to acquire the position of reward-giver.
- この結果、新橋地区は修景地区に指定され、後に重要伝統的建造物群保存地区に選定される。
- Consequently, the Shinbashi area was designated as a Special Preservation and Improvement District, and later selected as an Important Preservation District for Groups of Historic Buildings.
- 入内した道長一族の娘たちの中で、嬉子の産んだ後冷泉天皇が結果的に最後の皇子となった。
- In hindsight, the Emperor Goreizei who was born by Kishi was the last prince born by the daughters of Michinaga's clan who entered into the palace as the consorts of the Emperors.
- これは官職やレーエンが世襲化された結果で、大公家門、辺境伯家門、伯家門が形成された。
- This was the result of government positions and fiefdom being assumed on the basis of heredity; families of grand dukes, Markgraf and counts were formed.
- この戦いの結果により九州のほぼ全域が足利方につくこととなり、尊氏は体勢を整え直した。
- As a result of this battle, almost all the areas in Kyushu allied with the Ashikaga side, and Takauji succeeded in renewing his forces.
- 黄砂の発生や程度は、視程のほかに空の色や湿度などの観測結果から、総合的に判断される。
- An occurrence of kosa and its strength level are judged totally based on observation data, including the color of the sky and humidity, in addition to visibility.
- 嘉吉の乱で暗殺されるに至って、遂に将軍権力の衰退と権威の失墜が露呈する結果となった。
- When he was assassinated in the Kakitsu Incident, the dwindling of the Shogun's power and the decline of shogunate authority became apparent.
- 六波羅探題はこの結果に納得せず、同年7月再び両人に悪党の住居破壊および捕縛を命ずる。
- The Rokuhara Tandai was not convinced by this outcome and in July of the same year the order was once again issued to destroy the houses of the villains and arrest them.
- 『花伝書』との通称が使われていた頃もあったが、後の研究の結果、現在では誤称とされる。
- The term 'Kadensho' was used at one time, but as a result of subsequent research, the term is understood today as a misnomer.
- 小坂眞二は『占事略决』の原典の復元に着手し、その結果を小坂2005として上梓している。
- Kosaka restored the original of 'Senji ryakketsu' and published the results as 'Abe no Seimei 'Senji ryakketsu' to Onmyodo'.
- 結果、大内氏の本拠である山口は応仁の乱で荒廃した京都よりはるかに繁栄することとなった。
- As a result, Yamaguchi, the base of the Ouchi clan, prospered far more than Kyoto that was devastated by the Onin War.
- その結果、東アジアの各国とも国力整備のために、唐の律令制を受容・摂取するようになった。
- Accordingly, these East Asian countries accepted and absorbed the Tang Dynasty's Ritsuryo system to bolster national power.
- 心を外的な規範から解放した結果、六経などの経書を尊び学ぶ姿勢が減退していくことになる。
- When the mind was freed from external norms, the attitude of respecting and learning the Classics such as the Six Classics declined.
- 引付衆はその結果を評定会議へ上申し、評定衆で判決を行った後、勝訴人へ下知状を交付した。
- The hikitsukeshu submitted the results to the assessment assembly, and after a decision among the hyojoshu (a member of the Council of State) was made, the verdict was issued to the prevailing party as a gechijo (notification).
- 結果、応仁の乱は首都・京都を焦土としただけで何ら勝敗を決することなく終結したのである。
- Hence, the Onin War ended without any sort of conclusive victory for either side; the only thing it had accomplished was the near-total destruction of the capital, Kyoto.
- 秀次とその子をほぼ殺し尽くしたことは、数少ない豊臣家の親族をさらに弱める結果となった。
- The massacre of Hidetsugu and his children resulted in making the small Toyotomi family much weaker.
- 長州藩では元治元年(1864年)の長州征討の結果、幕府へ恭順し保守派が政権を握ったが、
- As a result of the punitive expedition to Choshu in 1864, Choshu Domain pledged fealty to the Tokugawa government and the conservatives took power.
- その結果、有地と八重山艦長の平山藤次郎海軍大佐を予備役に編入することで解決が図られた。
- As a consequence, ARICHI and Captain Tojiro HIRAYAMA, the captain of Yaeyama, were made to transfer to the reserve duty to seek the resolution.
- このような不満が官僚社会に蔓延すれば闘争につながり、結果として民を苦しめることになる。
- The spread of such frustration in the bureaucracy would lead to struggles, which, as a result, would bring common people suffering.
- その結果、平山は1885年には「脱亜論」は何の反響も引き起こさなかったと推定している。
- Therefore, Hirayama concluded that 'Datsu-A Ron' did not have any impact in 1885.
- その結果722年にははじめて古代の戸籍制度が行われ、以後隼人の組織的な抵抗はなくなった。
- As a result, the ancient family registration system was introduced in 722 for the first time and, since then, there was no organized resistance from the Hayato people.
- 結果、薩摩藩と長州藩による薩長連合の成立によってついに戊辰戦争によって倒幕を成し遂げた。
- The alliance between the Satsuma Domain and the Choshu Domain resulted in the fall of the Shogunate at the Boshin War.
- 1892年の古在由直らによる調査結果によれば、鉱毒の主成分は銅の化合物、亜酸化鉄、硫酸。
- According to the survey by Yoshinao KOZAI and others in 1892, the main mineral poison consisted of compounds of copper, iron oxide and sulfuric acid.
- 籤引きの結果、天台座主の義円が還俗して義宣と称し(後に義教と改名)、6代将軍に就任した。
- As the result of drawing lots, Gien, Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect), returned to secular life and changed his name to Yoshinobu (changed to Yoshinori later) and assumed the post of the 6th shogun.
- 勢津子との婚姻が成立したのも皇后の意向が大きく働いた結果であったと言われる(河原敏明)。
- It is said that the Empress Teimei contributed greatly toward the successful marriage of Setsuko and Chichibu no Miya (Toshiaki KAWAHARA).
- ただ、これはあくまでも逸文蒐集によって得られた結果であるため、正確なところは明瞭でない。
- The title and its rendering in Chinese characters of the document varies greatly, including; 'Rihooki' (李部王記), 'Rihoki' (吏部記), 'Rihoki' (李部記), 'Shigeakira Shinnoki' (重明親王記), 'Shigeakiraki' (重明記), and 'Juki' (重記).
- この結果、明の使者が秀吉を日本国王に封じる旨を記した書と金印を携えて来日する事になった。
- As a result, it was determined that Ming envoys would visit to Japan with a document stating that Hideyoshi would be appointed to the Japanese king and a golden seal.
- その結果、新選組は尊攘派の御所焼き討ち・天皇長州連れ去りの計画を未然に防ぐ事に成功した。
- Thanks to the above, Shinsengumi successfully blocked the plans of Sonjo-ha to set fire on the palace and to bring the Emperor to Choshu.
- 広沢家の家令と妾に対する苛烈な捜査の結果、両者の密通や広沢家の私金流用の事実も判明した。
- As a result of severe investigation into the Hirosawa family's butler and Hirosawa's mistress, it was revealed that these two had illicit intercourse and misused the Hirosawa family's private money.
- この結果、得宗家の勢力が強化され、それに伴い御内人も鎌倉幕府内で権勢を持つようになった。
- As a result, as the Tokuso family came to enhance their political power, Miuchibito also increased their political influence in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 占術における重要な技法に、占った結果がいつ頃現実のものとなるかを推測する「応期法」がある。
- One of important techniques of divination is 'Okiho,' which surmises when the outcome of divination comes true.
- 大抵の場合において「相性が良い/悪い」という場合は、予め関係しあった結果を指す傾向にある。
- In most cases, when someone is said to have a 'good/bad aisho' with another person, it expresses the result of an already established relationship.
- 公式には病死と伝えられているが、実際は逃亡の時に危害を加えられた結果であった可能性が高い。
- Officially it is said that Emperor Junnin was died of sickness; actually, however, it is highly possible that he was died of wounds received when he escaped.
- そしてそのほとんどが、平安時代における藤原氏が関係する政争、あるいは宮廷闘争の結果である。
- Most of them resulted from the political strives involving the Fujiwara clan or the conflicts in the imperial court.
- 卒業者は試験の結果によっては官人に登用されたり大学寮や典薬寮に入る資格を得ることが出来た。
- Depending on the results of examinations, graduates from Kokugaku were recruited as local government officials or granted the qualification for entering daigakuryo or tenyakuryo.
- その結果、室町前期のうちに国衙機構は守護所に取り込まれ、ほとんどの国衙は実質的に消滅した。
- As a result, during the early Muromachi Period, the political structure of the Kokuga was absorbed by Shugosho and practically most of Kokuga disappered.
- しかし大友と和睦した事により、大内家の富の源泉となっていた博多の支配権を譲る結果になった。
- However, his reconciliation with Otomo led him to give up the control over Hakata which was the Ouchi family's source of wealth.
- なお、イギリス人殺傷の一件は結果的に、翌文久3年(1863年)7月の薩英戦争へと発展する。
- Furthermore, the stabbing incident of Englishmen developed into the war between Anglo-Satsuma War in August of the following year, 1863.
- その結果、兵を総勢100人余にまで膨れ上がらせた経久は、月山富田城を奪還する機会を窺った。
- As a result, the size of his army ballooned to about one hundred soldiers, and Tsunehisa waited for the right time to recapture Gassantoda Castle.
- その結果、10月31日に進歩党は事実上の野党となり、直後に大隈と進歩党系参事官は辞任した。
- Consequently, on October 31, the Progressive Party virtually became an opposition party, and immediately after that, OKUMA and counsellors from the Progressive Party side resigned.
- また、無闇に韓国の世論を硬化させる結果を招き、統監府からは集会、演説の禁止命令が下された。
- Furthermore, as it needlessly lead to the calcification of Korean public opinions, the Korea Protection Agency prohibited meetings and public speeches.
- さらに、伴存はただ自らの調査結果に頼るのではなく、多くの文献を参照して客観性を与えている。
- Tomoari was not totally relying on his own survey results but he also referred to other literature to give it objectivity.
- しかし、この分類変更の結果、「印度」は「ゐ」部に分類され、「い」部の最初は「乾」に変わった。
- However, due to the aforementioned change of classification, the word 'Indo' was moved to the section of 'ゐ,' losing its position as the first entry in the section of 'い' to another word, 'Inui.'
- 「入札」で票を得た者全員が閣僚にはなってはおらず、得票結果がそのまま反映されたわけではない。
- Not all of the candidates who gained the votes could become the cabinet members, and the poll was not entirely reflected on the selection.
- 鮮新世前後に活動していた火山が侵食した結果、現在の青葉山の山体が形成されたと推定されている。
- It is considered that the present mountain shape of Mt. Aoba was formed by the erosion of a volcano that was active around the Pliocene.
- その結果、銅銭使用を忌避させることとなり、一時的ながら畿内での貨幣流通そのものを衰退させた。
- As a result, people avoided using copper coins, causing the circulation of money in the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) decline temporarily.
- その結果、かえって流通の混乱を招き、水野失脚後の1851年、冥加金不要の問屋仲間として再興。
- As a result, it caused a distributional disruption and in 1851, after the fall of Mizuno, kabunakama were reestablished as toiyanakama (group of warehouse merchants) in which no render was needed.
- 沙塵暴の条件として、ゴビで10m/s、タクラマカン・黄土高原で6m/sという研究結果がある。
- An investigation found that shachenbao sandstorm occurred at a wind speed of 10 m/s in the Gobi Desert and at 6 m/s in the Takla Makan Desert and the Loess Plateau.
- 結果、この事件を期に不本意ながらも将門の戦いは「私闘」から朝廷への「叛乱」となってしまった。
- As a result, this event changed the battle of Masakado from a 'private battle' to 'rebellion' against the Imperial Court, regardless of his intention.
- 秀郷の子孫は中央である京都には進出しなかった結果、関東中央部を支配する武家諸氏の祖となった。
- As Hidesato's descendants did not go up to Kyoto, the political center, they became ancestors of samurai clans which came to control the central part of Kanto.
- それを知った能家はみずからも死地を求めて敵陣に突撃奮戦し、結果的に浦上軍に勝利をもたらした。
- Hearing of the death, Yoshiie himself made a point of seeking the location to die, engaged the enemy in hard fought battle and was ultimately victorious.
- 結果として阿比留の通報は、壬生浪士組の方向性と土方の生き様を間接的に決定づけるものとなった。
- As a result, Abiru's report indirectly determined that the direction taken by the Mibu masterless warriors group to come under the guiding influence of the way of life of Hijikata.
- 当時は精神病の診断も未熟であり、高名な大学教授等による精神病の診断がまちまちの結果となった。
- At that time, diagnosis of mental illness was still immature, and even prominent university professors could reach inconsistent results.
- 結果的に徳川を撃退することで、真田の名を豊臣氏を始めとする有力緒将に知らしめることに成功した。
- As a result, they succeeded in having the name of Sanada be known to major lords including the Toyotomi clan by fighting off Tokugawa.
- 世界のマスコミの予想に反する結果に、列強諸国を驚愕させ、ロシアの脅威に怯える国々を熱狂させた。
- The unexpected results caught the world's media by surprise, astonished the great powers, and enthralled countries that feared the threat of Russia.
- この結果、領有権問題の解決は1894年(明治27年)の日清戦争後まで持ち越されることになった。
- As a result, the issue of territorial rights was left unresolved until the end of Japanese-Sino War in 1894.
- 1946年(昭和21)4月10日の戦後初の衆議院選挙の結果、日本初の女性議員39名が誕生する。
- On April 10, 1946, during the first postwar election for the House of Representatives, thirty-nine women were elected to become the first female members of the National Diet of Japan.
- 小泉政権がすすめてきた医療費削減政策の結果、日本の勤務医の労働環境は悪化の一途をたどってきた。
- As a result of the Koizumi administration's medical expenditure reduction policy, working conditions for public practice physicians grew steadily worse.
- 御家人の心は次第に幕府から離れていくようになり、御家人達武士全体の不満がくすぶる結果となった。
- Consequently, the hearts of the gokenin gradually began to drift further and further away from the bakufu; these actions by the Tokuso provoked a smoldering dissatisfaction among the gokenin and among all warriors.
- 神領興行令により武家や凡下(一般民衆)による諸職は排除される結果となり、神領一円知行が進んだ。
- Under Shinryo Kogyo-rei, samurai and bonge (commoners) were excluded from various shrine positions, and Shinryo ichien chigyo (unified proprietorship of shrine estates) became more prevalent.
- しかし、解剖の結果、毒殺でないことがわかり、錦織は誣告罪で重禁錮四年の刑が確定するにいたった。
- However, the autopsy proved that he had not been poisoned, therefore, Nishigori was sentenced to four years' imprisonment for a definite term for false charge.
- 議定長谷信篤・参与中院通富らに静寛院の歎願を訴えた結果、万里小路博房から岩倉具視へも伝わった。
- After her appeal for the petition of Seikanin to the Gijo (official post) Nobuatsu NAGATANI and the Sanyo (councilor) Michitomi NAKANOIN, notification of the petition came to Tomomi IWAKURA via Hirofusa MADENOKOJI.
- この結果高野山は滅亡を免れ、太閤検地終了後の天正19年(1591年)に一万石の所領を安堵された。
- As a result, Koyasan escaped from destruction and was provided authorization for 10,000 koku (approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield) land ownership and guaranteeing feudal tenure in 1591 after finishing Taiko-kenchi (the land survey by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI).
- 家臣団が分裂したり内乱が勃発する大名も出るなど、かえって豊臣政権の基盤を危うくする結果となった。
- For certain daimyo, vassals were disunited, or internal insurrection occurred resulting in weakening the foundation of the Toyotomi government.
- その結果、平時は知行地で農業にも携わった家臣を完全なる文吏または武人として専業化させるに至った。
- As a result of the policy, vassals who had been engaged in agriculture in their territories in times of peace became full-time bureaucrats or warriors.
- 後に荘園における同様の調査のことを「検田」と呼ばれるようになり、その結果は検田帳にまとめられる。
- Later, the same kind of survey began to be called 'kenden' and the survey results were recorded in kenden-cho (ledger of Cadastral Surveys).
- 結果として、1504年以降朝鮮に通交した日本国王使・王城大臣使の大半は偽使であると見られている。
- It could be concluded that most of the Kings of Japan envoys and the Ojo-daijin envoys dispatched to Korea after 1540 were pseudo envoys.
- そして名門への憧がれから徳川家康のように系図を改ざんする者が相次ぎ、その結果武士の大姓となった。
- Then, out of the longing for a distinguished clan, there were many people such as Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who altered a family tree, making this clan consequently the influential clan for samurai.
- その結果日月潭が建設予定地に選定され、日月潭と門牌潭に落差320mの水力発電所建設が着工された。
- As a result, Sun Moon Lake was chosen as the construction site and the construction of the hydraulic power plant, which had a drop of 320 m between Sun Moon Lake and Menpai Lake, started.
- 結果としてこのような盲人保護政策が、江戸時代の音楽や鍼灸医学の発展の重要な要素になったと言える。
- As a result, these protection policies of the blind became a major cause for the development of music during the Edo period and acupuncture technology.
- この結果、幕府内における直義の発言力の低下と師直の台頭が生じ、両派の対立に一層の拍車がかかった。
- As a result, Tadayoshi's power decreased within the bakufu and Moronao's power increased, leading to further conflict between the two groups.
- また、2人の相次ぐ死が菅原道真を結果的に政界の矢面に立たせることとなり、昌泰の変の遠因となった。
- These two successive deaths eventually made SUGAWARA no Michizane take the brunt of political criticisms and attacks, and that situation formed a remote cause of the Shotai Incident.
- 南北朝時代に10代武田信武が足利尊氏に属して戦功を上げた結果、甲斐国と安芸国の守護に任命された。
- The clan was appointed to the shugo of both Kai Province and Aki Province during the Northern and Southern Court period after the tenth head Nobutake Takeda achieved distinguished war service under Takauji ASHIKAGA.
- この結果、平家方の船は身動きが取れなくなり、平家方不利と見た諸将は鎌倉方に雪崩を打って寝返った。
- As a result of losing their oarsmen, the Taira ships could no longer control their movement, and seeing the Taira clan at such a disadvantage, many warlords flocked to switch sides and join the Kamakura forces.
- 平安末期には保元の乱・平治の乱両乱を経て武士が政治に進出していき、その結果、平氏政権が登場した。
- Through the two wars, the Hogen War and the Heiji War, near the end of the Heian period, samurai advanced into the political world, generating the Taira clan government.
- そのため、本家の領地は増えたものの姉小路氏を支援する勢力は減り、結果的に勢力を弱めることになる。
- Because of that, the more territories the head family of the Anegakoji clan took over, the lesser their support, and the Anegakoji clan's power weakened as a result.
- 抗議の結果、今後も日朝交渉は対馬藩(8月7日 (旧暦)に厳原藩に改称)に委ねられることとなった。
- But, as a result of complaint, Tsushima Domain (on September 12,1869, changed its name to 'Izuhara Domain') was continuously entrusted with the Japan-Korea negotiation.
- その年の12月、邦直は家臣に命じ現地を調査させ、その結果を元に翌年自ら北海道に渡り調査を行った。
- In December in the same year, Kuninao, having ordered his vassals to conduct a field survey in advance, visited Hokkaido himself the following year and conducted a field investigation based on the results of the preceding survey.
- 結果として、縄文時代の文化形式は歴史的にも地域的にも一様ではなく、多様な形式を持つものとなった。
- As a result, the cultural style of the Jomon period is not uniform both historically and regionally and it came to take many different forms.
- この説話の絵本に本当のワニが描かれていることが稀にあるのはこのことを知らずに誤解した結果である。
- Actual crocodiles are rarely illustrated in the picture books of this story, but this is a result of misinterpretation of this point.
- その結果、武家法の補完的意味合いを果たすに過ぎなくなり、荘園公領制の解体とともに行われなくなった。
- As a consequence, the role of the honjo low became nothing more than a compliment to Buke-ho (the law system for the samurai society and the military government), and the honjo law was abolished upon the dissolution of shoen koryo sei (The System of Public Lands and Private Estates).
- 結果的に多くの土地が国有地に編入され、朝鮮の農民の多くが土地の所有権を喪失したとする研究者もいる。
- As a result, many lands were incorporated into the public land, and many Korean peasants lost their ownership of their land, some researchers say.
- その結果、佳姓を撰んで豊臣の新姓使用を朝廷に奏聞し、1586年(天正14年9月9日)に勅許を得た。
- As a result he, who chose 'Toyotomi' as an auspicious surname, reported to the Imperial Court on the use of it, and on October 21, 1586, he attained the imperial permission.
- ただし、白河は当初からそのような院政体制を意図していたわけではなく、結果的にそうなったともいえる。
- In the beginning, Shirakawa did not intend to institute the insei system, but it was established nevertheless.
- その結果として2004年(平成16年)2月に青蓮院の執事長であった次男の慈晃に門主の地位を譲った。
- As a result, he gave the position of the chief priest to his second son, Jiko, who was the chief steward of Shoren-in, in February 2004.
- これは被支配者である農民による階級闘争の結果、支配層から土地所有権を奪取したと評価するものである。
- In this view, they think peasants, who had been unilaterally controlled by rulers, captured land ownership from the rulers as a result of a class struggle.
- しかしその支配が地域的であったことや鐚銭を排除しようとする民衆が多く、満足な結果は得られなかった。
- However, since the control was local and many of the general public wanted to eliminate Bitasen (low-quality coins whose surfaces were worn away), the results were not satisfactory.
- しかしこの海戦の結果、石山本願寺への兵糧や武器の搬入は滞るようになり、石山本願寺の士気も低下した。
- However, the delivery of provisions and weapons to Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple decreased after this naval battle and they felt demoralized.
- また、宗麟の姻戚であった総大将、田原親賢が臼杵鑑速などの重臣達の反発を招いた結果だという説もある。
- There is the story that the supreme commander, Chikakata TAWARA who was a relative of Sorin triggered a protest from senior vassals including Akisumi USUKI.
- 結果として浅井軍の側面に隙ができ、そこを織田軍別働隊の西美濃三人衆に突かれ浅井軍も崩れて敗走した。
- As a result the Azai army's flank became vulnerable, and the Three of West Mino, a detached force, attacked this weak point with the consequence that the Azai army also fled.
- この結果を受けて久光は4月18日、小松帯刀や西郷隆盛らに後事を託して退京する(5月8日鹿児島着)。
- As a result, on May 27, 1884, Hisamitsu withdrew from Kyoto, entrusting Tatewaki KOMATSU, Saigo and others with future affairs (arrived Kagoshima on June 11).
- 実際、本願寺に対して有利に進めたわけではなく、誰もが認めるほどの結果を残さなかったのは事実である。
- In fact, he did not gain an advantage over Hongan-ji Temple and did not manage any appreciable results.
- しかし、蘇定方の前線指揮の結果、唐の軍紀は回復し、黒歯常之が回復した城塞も次第に攻略されていった。
- However, after So Teiho took command of the front line, corrupted discipline in the Tang army receded and they gradually started regaining the fortresses captured by Joshi KOKUSHI.
- ただテレビ東京が特別番組で行った筆跡鑑定では、「極めて本人か、それに近い人物」との結果が出ている。
- However, handwriting verification done on a TV Tokyo program concluded that Tenkai was the same person or very close.
- そのため、第二次世界大戦では日本軍の各軍団が勝手に軍用手票を乱発して経済的混乱を招く結果となった。
- Therefore, during the WWII, each of Japanese army groups overissued the military currency by their own judgment, which resulted in economic chaos.
- 結果的には同席した丹羽長秀・池田恒興らが三法師擁立に賛成したためにこの後継者問題はひとまず決定した。
- At last, approval of Sanboshi's candidacy by Nagahide NIWA, Tsuneoki IKEDA, and others who attended the conference tentatively brought an end to this succession problem.
- 財政及び食糧不足の解消のための緊急措置として耕地の維持・拡大政策を採った結果であると考えられている。
- It is considered that it was the result of policies that were formulated to preserve and expand cultivated land for emergency measures in solving financial and food shortage.
- 結果として貞衡だけが軍功を認められ鎮守府将軍に叙せられ、奥羽における清原氏の勢力は益々盛んになった。
- As the result of this expedition, only KIYOHARA no Sadahira was rewarded for the victory by being appointed as the Chinju-fu shogun (Commander-in-Chief of the Defense of the North), which strengthened the presence and influence of Kiyohara clan in Mutsu Province.
- この結果、朱子学は念願の王朝権力との一体化を果たし、思想界に重大な影響を与えることになったのである。
- Consequently, Shushigaku became integrated with Imperial Court power and acquired strong influence on ideological circles.
- 1984年7月 関係省庁が、1982~1983年度の調査結果、「京阪奈地域総合整備計画調査」を発表。
- July, 1984: The ministries concerned announced 'An investigation for compiling a plan for comprehensive development of the Keihanna area,' based on the investigation in fiscal year 1982 to fiscal year 1983.
- しかしこの外遊の結果、学習院大学の単位が不足し進級できず、長年の学友たちと学年が異なることとなった。
- However, the above-mentioned official travel resulted in the shortage of credits enough to advance to a higher degree in Gakushuin University, which meant that he would be one year behind with his long-time schoolmates.
- 「食用魚として期待が大きく養殖が開始されましたが、今このような結果になったことに心を痛めています。」
- Cultivation of bluegill was started with large expectation that the fish is useful as edible fish, but I regret that the bluegill has inflicted serious damage on the ecosystem of Japan.'
- これは天皇が法を超越した存在と考えられていた結果であって、天皇の政治的重要性と矛盾するものではない。
- This is due to the fact that the Emperor was considered to be above the law, and therefore, is not contradictory to the political significance of the Emperor.
- 当然、本所側は反発し、中央政府と幕府の調整の結果、地頭の設置は平氏没官領と謀反人領のみに限定された。
- Naturally the honjo side objected to this and as the result of negotiation between the central government and the bakufu, the set up of jito was limited only to Heishi mokkanryo (land rights confiscated by the Kamakura bakufu from the Taira family) and muhonninryo (land rights confiscated by the Kamakura bakufu from rebels).
- 母の死の早かった事も、父が兄の成功後数年ならずして死んだのも、これらの苦労の結果と思うより外はない。
- I believe that such ordeals must have caused my mother's untimely death and my father's death only a few years later after my older brother's success.
- 在学中は猛勉強の結果、1873年(明治6年)10月、明治天皇への御前講演に選ばれ理化学の実験を行う。
- As a result of his hard work at the school, in October 1873 he was selected to the lecture in front of Emperor Meiji and conducted experiments of physics and chemistry.
- 11日、頼綱と朝政は書状を北条義時に届け、謀計は無き旨を述べるが許されず、この結果、頼綱は遁俗する。
- On October 2, Yoritsuna and Tomomasa sent a letter to Yoshitoki HOJO saying that Yoritsuna had no conspiracy against the bakufu, but Yoritsuna was not forgiven, so that he renounced the world.
- その結果匂宮のことは薫の知るところとなり、裏切りを詰る歌を贈られた浮舟は二人の男のあいだで懊悩する。
- As a consequence, Kaoru, who knows about the relationship between Niou Miya and Ukifune, is sent a poem that blames her, and she agonizes over these two men.
- 高野山の僧侶たちは評定の結果条件を全面的に受け入れることに決し、16日に客僧の木食応其を使者に立てた。
- The priests of Koyasan decided to accept all conditions as a result of a conference, and sent Mokujiki Ogo, a guest priest, as a messenger on the 15th.
- 朝廷から変事の吉凶等について、陰陽寮に諮問があった際、六壬神課で占った結果が六壬勘文の形で報告された。
- When inquired by the Imperial court about the fortune of accidents, Onmyoryo reported the results of Rikujinshinka in the form of Rikujin Kanmon (a form of report of the divination practiced by Onmyoji).
- その結果、延文3年(1358年)には関白二条良基が足利義詮の執奏によって16年務めた関白を更迭された。
- As a result, in 1358, the Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) Yoshimoto NIJO was dismissed from the post after 16 years of service, by Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA's shisso.
- 後、元朝によって南宋が亡ぼされた結果、南北中国の交流が始まり、朱子学は漸く華北にも地歩を築くに至った。
- Later, when the Yuan Dynasty defeated the Southern Song Dynasty, relations developed between northern and southern China and Shushigaku began expanding into northern China.
- 宿老による合議の結果、出家していた義持の4人の弟たちの中から「籤引き」で後継者が選ばれることになった。
- As the result of conference of syukuro (a chief vassal of a samurai family), his successor was to be choosen by lot among Yoshimochi's four younger brothers who had entered into priesthood.
- 長慶やその弟たちの相次ぐ死と、久秀や三人衆が主導権をめぐって争った結果、三好氏は著しく衰退してしまう。
- With the successive deaths of Nagayoshi and his younger brothers and as the result of Hisahide and sanninshu bickering over the leadership, Miyoshi clan extremely declined in strength.
- 戦国時代 (日本)には一族同士の争いの結果、一族(清洲三奉行弾正忠家)の織田信長が勢力を大きく広げた。
- As a result of inter-clan conflicts in the Sengoku period (period of warring state), Nobunaga ODA of the clan (three magistrates of Kiyosu Danjonojo family) wielded his influence greatly.
- 藤原四家の中では遅く花開いた一族だが、結果として藤原四家の中でも最も根を拡げることになった一族である。
- Although the Northern House was the last of the four Fujiwara families to successfully flourish, as a result it spread the most extensive roots among the four Fujiwara families.
- その結果、競合する武士が対等な地位を得られるように、それぞれの経営責任者に任ぜられたと考えられている。
- It is considered that, resultantly, each of the competing samurai came to be provided with the same social status and to be appointed the manager of a koryo.
- 結果、全般指揮を執る大名(総大将)の代わりに重臣の一部が本陣備の指揮を執る事になる(例図3武者奉行)。
- As a result, in lieu of the daimyo (sodaisho (commander-in-chief)) who took the overall command, some of the senior vassals took command of the army headquarters sonae (sample Figure 3, mushabugyo (warrior commander)).
- 義貞は反論の文書を提出し、審議の結果義貞の訴えを認め、尊氏を討伐することに決定し、義貞に宣旨を下した。
- Yoshisada submitted a counter document and his claim was accepted as a result of the deliberation, then the Emperor Godaigo decided to defeat Takauji and proclaimed an imperial decree to Yoshisada.
- 法理論争となり、明法博士讃岐永直らが訴状を鑑定して、裁定することになり、結果訴状の受理は違法とされた。
- It caused an argument on the principle of law, Myobo Hakase (an expert of law at the University under the government based on the ritsuryo legal codes), SANUKI no Naganao was to judge the petition and made a decision, as a result, that accepting the petition was decided to be illegal.
- 結果、清国政府は3月15日、辰丸釈放、損害賠償、謝罪礼砲、兵器買収など五ヶ条の要求を入れることとなる。
- As a result, on March 15, the Qing government accepted Japan's five demands including release of Tatsumaru, compensation for damage, ceremonial fire of bombshells and purchase of arms.
- さらに清朝が朝鮮とアメリカとの条約締結を仲介・斡旋した結果、米朝修好通商条約が1882年に批准された。
- In addition to this, as a result of China's mediation aiming for conclusion of treaties between Korea and the United States, US-Korea Amity and Trade Treaty was ratified in 1882.
- 神祇官・宣教使の宣教政策の失敗を受けて出来上がった教部省であったが、最終的には廃止という結果となった。
- It was established after the failure of Jingikan and its Shinto Missionaries, but consequently it also ended up with abolition.
- 結果、現在では文学史上の存在意義は認められるが、後の和歌(実作)に対する価値は低いと言わざるを得ない。
- As a result, it should be stated that this book has value in the history of literature, but it is less valuable in terms of influence on Japanese poetry of later days.
- これは、大久保利通、伊藤博文ら政府要人と、木戸孝允、板垣退助らの民権派の会談である大阪会議の結果である。
- The Osaka conference held by important government officials such as Toshimichi OKUBO and Hirobumi ITO, and democratic activists such as Takayoshi KIDO and Taisuke ITAGAKI resulted in this declaration.
- これは結果的に政争に幾度か関わりながらも、由緒ある貴族として命脈を保ってきた伴氏に打撃を与える事となる。
- This incident dealt a strong blow to the Tomo clan, which had, until then, survived so many political conflicts and kept the reputation as a venerable noble family.
- 鈴木章によると、その結果『平家物語』は、平氏の本陣は福原であるはずが一ノ谷であるかのように記述している。
- According to Akira SUZUKI, as a result, 'Heike Monogatari' stated as if the headquarters of the Taira clan were in Ichinotani even though it must have been in Fukuwara.
- その背景には長引く戦争の結果、日本の人的資源が枯渇し、植民地に頼らざるをえなくなったという事情があった。
- The background of this movement was that a prolonged war caused the Japanese human resources to be exhausted and that Japan had no choice but to rely on the colonies.
- この結果、蔵人所は勿論のこと、図書寮や主水司、内蔵寮などの地下官人は出納の支配下に置かれることになった。
- Consequently, the lower ranking officials not only in the Bureau of Archives, but also in the Bureau of the Library, Water Office, Palace Storehouse Bureau were placed under the control of suino.
- 長政は迷いに迷ったが、結果的には信長との同盟を破棄し、織田軍に背後から襲いかかっている(金ヶ崎の戦い)。
- Nagamasa, who was totally undecided between the two sides, finally broke the alliance with Nobunaga, and his troops attacked the Oda army from behind (Battle of Kanegasaki).
- その結果、国(道路の案内標識)、奈良県、警察署、郵便局、主な新聞社、奈良交通などにおいて修正が行われた。
- As a result, such a revision was conducted by the nation (information signs in the roads), Nara Prefecture, police stations, post offices, major newspaper companies and Nara Kotsu Bus Lines, etc.
- しかしながら、これは従来の饗応、待遇を全面的に変更するものであり、結果として日朝間の外交摩擦に発展する。
- However, the former ways of treating and entertaining the envoy were totally changed in the new system, resultantly leading to diplomatic conflicts between Japan and Korea.
- 問題の長期化によって昭実が1年以上務めれば結果論的に昭実の論が正しかったとされる可能性があり面目を失う事
- 2) If the prolonged dispute let Akizane serve as Kanpaku for more than a year, Akizane's points might be considered valid as a result and Sakihisa would lose face,
- また、一部の側近を寵愛して側近に政治を任せたため、かえって将軍権力も側近によって専横される結果となった。
- Moreover, because he favored some of his close advisers and left the politics up to them, this led to the arbitrary management of the shogunate's power by advisers.
- 一方南方に対しては7月28日南部仏印への進駐を行なったが、これはアメリカによる経済制裁を招く結果となる。
- At the same time, to the south, the Army advanced into southern French Indochina on July 28, resulting in economic sanctions by the United States.
- その結果、今まで付き合いのあった留学生との交流も疎遠になったため、「夏目、精神を病む」という噂が流れる。
- During that period, Soseki kept his associations with the other Japanese students in England to a minimum, and reputed to be 'suffered from mental disorder' among them.
- しかし、在地の流通たちが痛めつけられた結果、大坂を含め畿内一円での米価の価格は異常なまでに跳ね上がった。
- However, local distributors were oppressed and as a result rice price throughout the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) including Osaka jumped extraordinarily.
- その結果、明治3年7月10日 (旧暦)(1870年8月6日)に大久保が主導して両省の再分離が決定された。
- As a result, under the leadership of Toshimichi OKUBO, it was decided on August 6, 1870 that both ministries would be divided again.
- 驚いたことに結果的に幕府もこの陳情をすなおに受け止め、十分の一役米は享和3年(1803年)に廃止された。
- Surprisingly, the bakufu eventually accepted their claim without objection and abolished the obligatory supply of the one-tenth amount of rice for sake brewing in 1803.
- その結果、10万両と言われた藩の借財は数年で完済されて、藩札も額面以上の信用を得るという好循環を招いた。
- As a result, the domain paid off their debts, which were reputed to be as much as 100,000 ryo, in several years, and their han bills gained high credibility above the face values, creating a virtuous cycle.
- この配置を見ても、信長が相当の信頼を置いていたことがうかがえる(結果として、これが裏目に出てしまった)。
- This placement shows that Nobunaga placed great trust in Mitsuhide (this ultimately backfired).
- 参勤交代で江戸に単身赴任する各藩の家臣はかなりの数に上り、この結果、江戸の人口の約半数が武士となっていた。
- Because a large number of vassals of each clan went to Edo leaving their families in their domains owing to sankin-kotai, warriors accounted for about half the population in Edo.
- その結果、当主である六角高頼が義澄方への与力をあくまで主張する守護代の伊庭氏を抑えて足利義稙方に寝返った。
- As a result, Takayori ROKKAKU, family head of the ROKKAKU, revolted to Yoshitane ASHIKAGA's side, despite the Iba clan, shugodai (deputy of Shugo, provincial constable), who insisted to assist Yoshizumi's side.
- 「大索(おおあなくり)」は結果的には官職によらず「武」を担う、「兵の家」の最初の認定式であったとも言える。
- Oanakuri' could be said to be the first qualification ceremony of the 'house of tsuwamono' carrying 'mu' (military) without the concern for a court position.
- 検注帳(けんちゅうちょう)とは、古代・中世の日本の荘園において検注の結果を集計して取りまとめた帳簿のこと。
- Kenchucho refers to ledgers for recording the results of kenchu (land surveys) in shoen (manors) during ancient and medieval times in Japan.
- 古河側は当時珍しかった電灯などを活用し、24時間体制で工事を行った結果、すべての工事が期限内に間に合った。
- Furukawa implemented construction non stop for 24hrs and they even used electric lighting which was still unusual in those days and they were made to complete all construction in time.
- また通常は同程度の負傷者がいるはずであり、結果として敗残兵の再編成でしばらくは兵を動かすことは難しくなる。
- It would have taken Katsuyori a while to move his troops as he had to reorganize the injured remnants who were presumably as many as the dead.
- ただし、情報局へ、政府の「統制会社」としての大映の立場をアピールした点は、永田の勘が的中した結果でもある。
- However, it can also be interpreted as a result of Nagata's decision to promote Daiei to the Intelligence Bureau in order for it to become a government-consolidated company.
- 領国の石高は実収が25万石程度であったが、御三家の格式を気にして高直しをした結果、公称は38万石であった。
- The real kokudaka (a crop yield) of the family's fief was about 25 thousand koku (approx. 45 million liters of rice), but the family padded it caring the reputation as one of Tokugawa Gosanke, so formally it was announced as 38 thousand koku (approx. 68.4 million liters of rice).
- 黄砂の成分であるリンや鉄などが、海洋のプランクトンや、ハワイの森林の生育に関わっているのと研究結果もある。
- There is also research showing that phosphorous and iron constituting kosa are related to the growth of plankton in the sea and that of forests in Hawaii.
- このために、関所の設置と廃止が繰り返され、結果的には室町幕府の政治的権威の低下を示すことになってしまった。
- Therefore, the establishment and abolishment of the checkpoints occurred repetedly, which only served to show the reduction in the political authority held by the Muromachi bakufu.
- かつては名前を「藤原真光」とすることが多かったが、近年の研究の結果「藤原真先」であったことが確定している。
- It used to use the Chinese characters '藤原真光' for his name in most cases, but the result of recent study has determined that it really was '藤原真先'.
- また当時中国の内部対立の結果社会的弱者となった人々も庇護を求めて入信し、キリスト教徒の勢力拡大に寄与した。
- Even people who became socially weak due to the internal conflict within China at that time sought patronage and entered the faith, which contributed to the expanding influence of Christianity.
- 裁判の結果、事件の首謀者9人が台湾総督府によって死刑に処され、有期刑や行政処分にあった者も97人を数えた。
- The outcome of the trial resulted in the execution of nine ringleaders of the affair by the Governor General of Taiwan, and more than 97 people were sentenced to imprisonment for a definite term or an administrative punishment.
- 元老が議会勢力に妥協した結果、当時衆議院第一党であった憲政党の首班大隈と板垣に大命が降下されて組閣された。
- As a result of compromise of Genro (elder statesman) to force of the Diet, OKUMA, who was the head seat of the Constitutional Party, the leading party in the House of Representatives at that time, and ITAGAKI formed the cabinet, receiving an Imperial mandate.
- 生産量が減って酒の値段は高騰したが、それで下々の者が飲酒をしなくなるかというと、そういう結果も出なかった。
- Still, reduced production and escalating price of sake did not discourage commoners from drinking sake.
- 江戸時代には家畜解体業や革細工などの専用の職業が与えられることで、結果的に生活の安定は最低限保障されていた。
- In the Edo period, a minimum of lifestyle stability was guaranteed by being given exclusive occupations such as the slaughter of livestock as well as leather craft and others.
- 嘉量による1両は『漢書律歴志』の記述に基づく実測の結果は14.167グラムであり、これは「小両」に相当する。
- When we weigh 1 ryo with chia-liang standard measure in 'Book of Han, Treatise on rhythm and the calendar,' actual measured value was 14.167 grams which equivalent to 1 'smaller ryo.'
- 占った結果が凶の場合、依頼者から『ではこうしたらどうなるのでしょう?』と聞かれることがあり、その場合への対処
- In the event where the result was bad and a client asks, 'Can I have a different result if I do a certain thing ?'
- 今日では、縄文時代の人骨のデオキシリボ核酸の調査結果で、縄文人はシベリア北部の先住民に近いことが判っている。
- Based on the results of DNA studies on the bones of Jomon man, it is known today that Jomon man resembled the indigenous people of north Siberia.
- また、最寄り駅の雄琴駅を「おごと温泉駅」に改称するよう地域が働きかけた結果、2008年3月15日に改名した。
- Also the resort area encouraged the Ogoto Station, the closest station to the area, to change its name, and as the result, it was changed to 'Ogoto onsen Station' on March 15, 2008.
- 2月、吉田寮執行部は前年の耐震調査の結果を踏まえ、2006年度の総長裁量予算枠に吉田寮食堂の補修を申請する。
- Based on the results of seismic-resistance evaluation conducted in the previous year, executives of Yoshida dormitory requested in February to include the renovation cost of dormitory's dining room in the presidential discretionary budget of the academic year 2006.
- その結果、戦国大名は軍事行動を行うための軍制整備の一環として、単独での戦闘が可能な備の編成を行う様になった。
- As a result, the Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku Period) began to organize sonae with independent battling capability, as part of a military system improvement in preparation for military actions.
- さらに江戸時代になると戦時の大規模な動員もなくなった結果、備の定員はほぼ定まり制度として完成の域へと至った。
- Furthermore, during the Edo period there was no more need for large-scale wartime mobilization, and as a result, the enrollment limit of sonae became almost fixed and it was perfected as a system.
- 代金のかわりとして大観は毎年1枚ずつ自分の絵を無償で送り、結果、醉心酒造に大観の記念館ができることとなった。
- Taikan kept sending one painting of his every year free of charge in place of payment for the sake, resulting in the establishment of the Taikan Memorial Museum at Suishin Brewery.
- しかしこれらの資料では精神論が強調されすぎており、かえって利休の茶の湯を不明確なものとする結果を招いてきた。
- However these historical materials focus on the spiritual aspect of Rikyu's tea ceremony too much, obscuring its true meaning.
- 近隣の宇佐神宮を中心とする八幡信仰と融合した結果、神仏習合の独特な山岳仏教文化が形成されたと考えられている。
- As a result of fusion of the temples and Hachiman shinko, believing the God of War (Hachiman-god) and centering on neighboring Usa-jingu Shrine, unique Mountain Buddhism culture with syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism is thought to have been formed.
- 小田原包囲と同時に行っていた玉縄城などの支城攻略も失敗に終わっており、その後の北条の逆襲を招く結果となった。
- Kenshin failed in attacks on branch castles such as Tamanawa-jo Castle and so on, which were conducted at the same time as besieging Odawara-jo Castle, and due to this failure, he was counterattacked by the Hojo clan.
- 詳しい事は庄弘高の方を参照してもらいたいが、諸々の研究結果から岡山県の『荘家文書』の伝えには誤りが見られる。
- For details, please refer to the item of Hirotaka SHO; however, various studies have revealed that there are some mistakes in 'Shokemonjo' of Okayama Prefecture.
- しかし近年の研究の結果、義忠が義家の後継者に選ばれた時期は今までの説より早いという説が有力になってきている。
- However, more recent studies suggest that Yoshitada may have been selected as the heir of Yoshiie at an earlier stage.
- 10月14日、政宗は今井宗薫に戦いの結果を報告すると共に、同19日徳川家康に対して11ヶ条の申し出を託した。
- Masamune reported the result of the battle to Sokun IMAI on October 14 and also asked him to send eleven proposals to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA on October 19.
- その結果として、前述の国家承認条件「主権国家であること」「条約遵守能力があること」が打ち立てられたのである。
- As a result, above mentioned two conditions to be diplomatically recognized as a state, such as 'the country must be a sovereign state' and 'the country must have capability to abide by treaties' were created.
- 結果的に有爵議員はこれに従わず、会の多数を占める勅撰議員と多額納税議員のみが合同に参加して同成会を結成した。
- But in fact, those group members who held a peerage (a rank in the nobility) refused to honor this arrangement, and so it was only those who were in the House of Peers by imperial decree and the high taxpayers, who in fact comprised the majority of the Doyokai, that participated in the merger and thereby formed the Doseikai.
- この結果、日清戦争と日露戦争の軍歴により国民的人気の高かった木越は、中将のまま定年前に予備役に編入させられた。
- As a result, Kigoshi who earned his high reputation through Sino-Japanese War and Russo-Japanese War from the public was transferred to reserve duty retaining the title of Chujo (lieutenant general) before his retirement.
- このダムは常時水質検査が行われ、結果が随時公表されているが、そのような多目的ダムは日本にはほとんど存在しない。
- This dam has been constantly being tested for its water quality and the results have been published, and these kinds of multi-purpose dams are rare in Japan.
- 日朝間の国交交渉再開もその結果としてもたらされたものであると同時に、また別の歴史事象の原因でもあったのである。
- As a result of that, the resumption of negotiations between Japan and Korea was realized, but at the same time it was triggered by another historical phenomenon.
- 1978年9月の保存修理の結果、全文115字からなる金象嵌(きんぞうがん)の銘文が刻まれていることがわかった。
- After the work of preservation and repair conducted in September 1978, it was found out that the sword has inscription composed of 115 letters inlaid with gold.
- が、治天の君が皇位継承における決定権を有したために結果的に亀山上皇の子孫が皇位を継承する可能性が確実となった。
- Since Chiten no Kimi had the discretion of imperial succession, and as one the Retired Emperor Kameyama's descendants he was ensured of being enthroned.
- 幕藩体制が揺ぎ始めると、江戸幕府も反幕勢力もその権威を利用しようと画策し、結果的に天皇の権威が高められていく。
- When the shogunate system started to waver, both the Edo Bakufu and the anti-bakufu forces planned to use the authority of the Emperor, and as a result, the authority of the Emperor was heightened.
- 海上保安庁の潮流の調査に基づいても、合戦の行われた早鞆瀬戸より東側の海域では1ノット以下という結果が出ている。
- A study conducted by the Japan Coast Guard also found that the current in the area east of the Kanmon straits, where the battle was fought, was under one knot.
- 後者としては、文徳天皇に娘を嫁がせ、その結果清和天皇が誕生し、天皇の外祖父として確固たる政治基盤を築いている。
- As an example of the second method, he married his daughter to Emperor Montoku, and as a result Emperor Seiwa was born, and he built a solid political foundation as the emperor's maternal grandfather.
- だが次第に義煕は酒色や文弱に溺れて征伐を顧みなくなったため、六角勢の反撃を招いて結果的に遠征は失敗に終わった。
- However, Yoshihiro gradually became enamored of wine and women; he behaved like a spineless literature-lover who didn't think about the subjugation, which caused the counter-attack of the ROKKAKU and resulted in the failure of the subjugation.
- 結果として武田の北進を阻み、北条の躍進を停滞させるなど、国防に成功したものの、侵略の成果は乏しいものとなった。
- Even though he eventually succeeded in defending his provision by interrupting Takeda proceeding into the north and holding up Hojo's breakthrough, the results Kenshin obtained from the invasion were poor.
- そこで、海軍軍医・高木兼寛の指導で洋食を導入した結果、脚気患者の発生が激減し、一人の死者も出ることがなかった。
- So, as a result of introducing Western food under the guidance of a naval surgeon Kanehiro TAKAGI, the number of the beriberi sufferers decreased dramatically, and no one had died of beriberi.
- それで、この一件を目の前にした女官たちに、二人は嫁姑として全くうまくいってないと知らしめる結果になってしまった。
- Therefore, those court ladies who witnessed this incident understood they had never got along well as a wife and her mother-in-law.
- また直系継承の傾向に伴って妃となる資格を有した内親王は結果的に天皇の異母姉妹や叔母に限定されていくことになった。
- With the increase of succession by direct descent, the Imperial princess who was qualified to Hi was limited to Emperor's maternal half-sister and aunt.
- その結果、江戸時代の朝廷は五摂家の当主の合意のみでの運営が可能となり、天皇と言えどもそれに抗う事は困難となった。
- As a result, it became possible to administer the Imperial Court of the Edo period by the agreements of the Gosekke alone, so that it became difficult even for the Emperor to oppose the Imperial Court.
- その結果1199年(建久10)4月1日 (旧暦)、問注所は別の場所へ移転されたが、その直前に頼朝は死亡していた。
- Although the Monchu-dokoro was relocated on April 27, 1199, Yoritomo had died shortly before the relocation.
- 日本経済の発達に伴い交易量が増大した結果、朝鮮王朝はこうした負担に耐えられなくなり、交易の制限を図るようになる。
- Since the number of trade transactions increased because of the development of the Japanese economy, the Korean Dynasty was no longer able to manage such financial burdens, and they finally began to restrict the trading activities.
- 本人もそのことを誇りにしていたようで、実際政宗はその先祖にまつわるところへの埋葬を望み結果的にそこへ埋葬された。
- Masamune seemed to be proud of the origin of his name, and he wished to be buried in the place associated with this particular ancestor; consequently he was buried at the location of his wish.
- その結果、辰千代は下野国栃木(長沼)城主で3万5000石の大名である皆川広照に預けられて養育されることとなった。
- As a result, Tastuchiyo came to be farmed out to Hiroteru MINAGAWA, who was a Japanese feudal lord of 35,000 koku (a crop yield of approximately 6.3 million cubic meters) and the lord of Tochigi-jo (Naganuma-jo) Castle in Shimotsuke Province, and brought up there.
- 大姫入内運動は、頼朝が通親・丹後局に利用され、朝廷の反幕府派の台頭、親幕府派の壊滅を招く重大な結果をもたらした。
- The plan of Ohime's judai by Yoritomo was utilized by Michichika and Tango no Tsubone and resulted in serious situations such as the emergence of anti-bakufu group and the fall of pro-bakufu group in the Imperial Court.
- この結果、基房は関白を罷免されて追放、反平氏公卿・近臣39名が解官、後白河は鳥羽殿に幽閉となり院政は停止された。
- As a result, Motofusa was dismissed as Kanpaku and banished, 39 anti-Taira Kugyo and trusted vassals of Goshirakawa were dismissed and, Goshirakawa himself was confined to Toba-dono Palace, and Goshirakawa-insei (The government by the retired Emepror Goshirakawa) suspended.
- その結果、鎌倉における武家を中心とする歌壇が隆盛を極め、後藤基政・島津忠景ら御家人出身の有能な歌人が輩出された。
- As a result, the Kadan (waka poetry world) centering on the samurai families in Kamakura flourished, producing talented Gokenin (shogunate vassals) turned waka poets such as Mototsuna GOTO and Tadakage SHIMAZU.
- 義久は戦後処理として徳川家康と粘り強い交渉を行い、結果的に島津氏は本領安堵という破格の処置を受けることとなった。
- After the battle, Yoshihisa negotiated diligently with Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, securing preferential treatment in the form of granted assurance of continued dominion over the territory under control of the Shimazu clan.
- 室町時代末期、日朝・日明貿易の実権が大名に移り、力を蓄えさせたと共に、室町幕府の支配の正当性が薄れる結果になった。
- Towards the end of the Muromachi period, the real power of the trade between Japan and Korea and that between Japan and the Ming moved to daimyo, making daimyo gain power and making weaker the validity of the control by the Muromachi bakufu.
- また、承久の乱以後の朝廷の衰退は皇位継承を巡る自己解決能力をも失わせ、結果的に幕府を否応無しに巻き込む事になった。
- Also fall of the Imperial Court after the Jokyu Rebellion resulted in losing its ability to solve the imperial succession crisis and consequently it entangled the bakufu without any choice.
- その結果、鉄道敷設法は民営鉄道促進の余地を広げるものとして修正され、憤った井上は1893年に鉄道庁長官を退官した。
- As a result, the Railroad Construction Law was modified to give room to promotion of private railways, and being furious with this, INOUE resigned from the position of the Minister of Railways in 1893.
- 「武田が隊中美男五人衆のひとり・馬越三郎を追い掛け回した結果、馬越が土方に除隊を申し出た」という話が伝わっている。
- A story says, 'Takeda chased Saburo MAGOSHI, one of the five men of beauty in the group. As a result, Magoshi offered his resignation to Hijikata.'
- 結果的に無期徒刑の判決を受け、北海道標茶町にあった釧路集治監に移送、収監されるが、同年9月29日に獄中で病死した。
- As a result, he was imprisoned indefinitely, and transferred to jail in Shibecha Town, Hokkaido where he was to serve his time, but died in jail on September 29 of the same year.
- 金色堂に納められた清衡の遺骸を調査した結果、血液型はAB型であり、曾孫の藤原泰衡まで四代直系で矛盾はないとされる。
- As a result of the investigation of Kiyohira's body buried at Konjiki-do Hall, his blood type is AB and there is no contradiction about the direct line of four generations down to his great-grandson FUJIWARA no Yasuhira.
- しかも、将軍就任に向けて無駄に歳月を浪費した事態は、新体制を固めきれない三好政権には好ましくない結果をもたらした。
- Furthermore, having wasted time for assumption to Shogun brought undesirable result for the Miyoshi government which couldn't fix new system.
- しかし、詩的工夫に固持し、「字余り」も辞さなかった結果、入念な彫琢が造作の痕跡を残し、流麗な調べに欠ける歌も多い。
- However, because it insisted on poetic technique, and did not allow poems with extra syllables, it left behind the traces of artificial polishing, so that many poems failed to achieve true beauty.
- 通説では、くじ引きの結果、益田にはもっとも人気のない「僧侶」の絵が当たってしまい、すっかり不機嫌になってしまった。
- In the prevailing story, Masuda was allotted the least popular picture of a 'Buddhist priest' and was completely displeased.
- 結果的に大海人皇子(天武天皇)の勝利に貢献して天武天皇から重用されることとなり、子孫が橘氏として繁栄する礎を築いた。
- As a result, he contributed to the victory of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and was valued by Emperor Tenmu, and built the foundation for his descendants to flourish as the Tachibana clan.
- その結果、「長期間の住み込みによる衣食住以外は無給に近い労働」という丁稚奉公のスタイルを維持することが困難となった。
- As a result, it became difficult to maintain the form of decchi-boko comprising 'long-term live-in work with housing, food, and clothing virtually with no pay'.
- 交渉の結果、1865年1月14日(元治元年12月17日)、武田耕雲斎ら天狗党幹部はこれ以上の進軍は無意味と判断した。
- As a result of the negotiation, on January 14, 1865, Kounsai TAKEDA and other core member of Tenguto decided that it is meaningless to try to move further.
- また、親日団体としての働きについてはプラスの効果よりも民衆の反発を招いたマイナスの結果の部分が大きかったとしている。
- It also mentions that their job as pro-Japanese organizaiton provoked people's antipathy, so the negative result was much bigger than the positive effect.
- ともすれば似たようなケースでもシチュエーションが違えば結果も大きく変化するなど、事前に判るような性質のものでは無い。
- Even in similar cases, the result can be greatly different depending on the situation; this is not something which can be predicted beforehand.
- 1982年6月 国土庁が、1979~1981年度の調査結果より、「学術研究都市基本構想」(パイロットプラン)を発表。
- June, 1982: National Land Agency announced 'A basic concept for constructing a science city' (a pilot plan) based on an investigation from fiscal year 1979 to fiscal year 1981.
- 毛利氏の場合、中立の立場をとったにも関わらず減封という結果になり、長州藩内には徳川家への怨恨が蓄積するようになった。
- In the case of the Mori clan, despite its having taken a neutral position in the Battle of Sekigahara, its territory was reduced and hard feelings against the Tokugawa family accumulated within the Choshu clan.
- 承久3年(1221年)の承久の乱の結果、父の後鳥羽上皇らが配流されると、親王もこれに連座して備前国児島へと流された。
- When his father, the Retired Emperor Gotoba, was exiled after the Jokyu War in 1221, the Imperial Prince was implicated in this to be exiled to Kojima in Bizen Province.
- 現在に残されている肖像画は、気味の悪いものが多いが、多くの人の悩みを聞いた結果そのような顔になったとも言われている。
- It is said that many of his portraits that are left today look unearthly because he listened to the worries of many people.
- あくまでも正当防衛の一環であると認識されているため、結果的に相手が死ぬことはあってもとどめを刺さないのが通例である。
- Since it was a type of justifiable defense, usually warriors did not give the finishing blow to his offender(s), although the latter would die eventually.
- この件に関して杉山は関係者を一切処分しなかったばかりか、事情聴取すら行わず、結果的に事後了解を与えた形になっていた。
- Sugiyama, who failed to deal with the people involved or even conduct any investigations, gave the impression of having authorized the incident.
- しかし、たまたま実家で騒動が起きていて資金を送るのが遅れてしまい、結果資金は河合切腹直後に届けられたという説がある。
- At that time, there was a trouble at his parents' home, by which the money from his parents had been delivered just after Kawai's Seppuku.
- 類似の結果は、田中由真の『算法紛解』(1690?)や、大阪の井関知辰の著書『算法発揮』(1690年刊)にも見られる。
- One can see similar solutions given in 'Sanpo funkai' (a mathematical treatise that explains the resultant and applies it to several problems, written by Yoshizane TANAKA c. 1690) and in 'Sanpo hakki' (a mathematical treatise that explains the resultant and Laplace's formula of determinant for nXn case, written by Tomotoki IZEKI of Osaka and published in 1690).
- しかし8月17日、大和国の葛城山山麓、葛上郡吐田郷村で家臣が追いつき必死に懇願した結果、謙信は出家を思いとどまった。
- However, on September 30, 1556, Kenshin was dissuaded from becoming a priest by the desperate requests of the vassals who caught up with him at Handago village, Katsujo County at the foot of Mt. Katsuragi in Yamato Province.
- その結果、建設に際しての援助は日本鉄道に比べて大幅に少なく、建設費1マイル当たり2000円の補助金交付にとどまった。
- As a result, the government subsidy was very small as compared to that which was given to Nippon Railway and it was limited to 2,000 yen per mile for the construction cost.
- これに対して長岡藩では、新政府軍と戦っていた部隊の一部を引き抜いて鎮圧にあたった結果、6月26日にようやく鎮圧した。
- In response, Nagaoka Domain called back some of its own military units that were fighting against the new government army, and the domain finally managed to suppress the uprisings on August 14 (表記の変更).
- 青松葉事件の発生も、尾張藩の拙劣な政治・外交の結果であり、その犠牲者数の割には、歴史に与えた影響度合いが小さかった。
- The Aomatsuba Incident was a result of poor politics and diplomacy of the Owari Domain and for the number of victims it had little influence on history.
- その結果、元勲級の閣僚が1人もいなくなり、薩長出身者が全閣僚の半数を割るなど、いつ倒れてもおかしくない状況になった。
- As a result, the situation was that the cabinet could be fallen at any time with no Cabinet member of genkun (the statesmen who contributed in Meiji Restoration) class left, and less than half of the Cabinet members from Satsuma and Choshu.
- 当時実権を握っていた徳川家康は、主君は反逆した家臣を成敗できるとして忠恒の行為を支持し、その結果忠恒は島津邸へ戻った。
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who held the real political power at that time, supported Tadatsune's actions by approving a lord's punishing his vassal who rebelled, and as a result, Tadatsune returned to the Shimazu residence.
- 当然のことながら、文章生の多くが給料学生になることを望んだために、結果的にもっとも優秀な学生が選ばれることが多かった。
- Needless to say, many of the Monjosho wanted to become Kyuryo-gakusei and as a result, the most intelligent students were selected as recipients.
- その反面、農家が土地を収奪され、困窮した人々が満州や日本国内、沿海州などへ移住する結果となってしまったとする論もある。
- Some argued that, on the other hand, peasants were deprived of their land, and impoverished people ended up moving to Manchuria, the mainland in Japan and Russian Maritime Province.
- 結果的にその後も出納平田家による蔵人方(約60家)支配はそのまま継続され、両局と同様に朝廷儀式における実務を担当した。
- Even after the order of the Imperial court was reestablished, the Suino Hirata family kept control over about sixty families of the lower ranking officials at the Bureau of Archives, and remained in charge of the administration of the Imperial ceremonies as 'kyokumu' and 'kanmu.'
- 戦前、土佐は長宗我部氏の支配にあったが、結果領地没収の憂き目にあい、土佐には新しい城主・山内一豊を迎えることになった。
- Before the war, Tosa was under the rule of the Chosokabe clan, but the clan was unfortunately subjected to the confiscation of its land as the result of the war, and Tosa had to accept a new daimyo, Kazutoyo YAMAUCHI.
- 肺に入ると炎症を起こす二酸化ケイ素や、カビの菌糸体を構成するグルカンβグルカンなどが含まれているという研究結果もある。
- Research also found that silicon dioxide, which causes inflammation when taken into lungs, and β glucan, one configuration of the mycelium mold, were included in kosa.
- 北京市では粒子の直径がおよそ4 - 20μm、発生後3 - 4日経って到達する日本では4μm前後という調査結果がある。
- An investigation found that the diameters of sand grains falling in Beijing are roughly 4 to 20 μm, and those falling in Japan three to four days later are around 4 μm.
- 結果、学界の主流では「三韓征伐」に関する記述は具体的ではなく神話的誇張が多く神功皇后の実在を実証できないとされている。
- This resulted in the mainstream of academic world's theory that the real existence of Empress Jingu could not be proved, due to the two factors: 'Sankan-Seibatsu' was written without any definite supporting statements; and it was written with many inclusive elements of mythological exaggerations.
- その結果、義元と氏康は武田晴信(信玄)の仲介により、北条家の河東郡を今川家に返還するという義元に有利な条件で和睦した。
- As a result, Yoshimoto and Ujiyasu reconciled, due to the mediation of Harunobu TAKEDA (Shingen) with conditions favorable for Yoshimoto, in which it was settled to have the Kato County dominated by the Hojo family returned to the Imagawa family.
- 氏政が結果的に北条家の滅亡を回避できなかったことが、この逸話を有名なものにし、氏政の評価を一般的に低いものにしている。
- The fact that Ujimasa could not evade the fall of the Hojo clan made this anecdote famous and also the reputation of Ujimasa very low.
- 頼朝は後白河を頼朝追討の宣旨を出さざるを得ないように追い込んだ結果、多くの政治的要求を突きつける事に成功したのである。
- Yoritomo deliberately induced Goshirakawa to issue the pursuit of Yoritomo himself, and he succeeded in thrusting various political requests.
- 結果、頼朝の威光を背景に、讃岐守・左馬頭・右兵衛督・参議・左兵衛督・検非違使別当・権中納言・従二位と異例の栄進をする。
- As a result, through the influence of Yoritomo, Yoshiyasu was promoted unusually fast from the Director of Sanuki Province to Samanokami (Military Administrator), Uhyoenokami (Captain of the Right Division of Middle Palace Guards), Sangi (Councilor), Sahyoenokami (Captain of the Left Division of Middle Palace Guards), Kebiishi no Betto, (the Superintendent of the Imperial Police), Gonchunagon (Provisional Middle Councilor), and Junii (Junior Second Rank).
- その結果、明徳の和約による南北朝時代 (日本)の統一によってその大半が持明院統の嫡流とされた伏見宮家の元に集中された。
- As a result, during the peaceful era of the Southern and Northern Dynasties established in the Meitoku treaty, most of the Imperial estate fell into the hands of the Fushiminomiya family, which was considered a direct descendant of Jimyoin-to line.
- 「日本映画史に残る大失敗作」「大佛が作家としての自身のキャリアに自ら疵を付けた」と酷評された程の悲惨な結果に終わった。
- It came to a miserable end when it was severely criticized as 'the flop that would go down in Japanese movie history,' or 'Osaragi stained his own career as a writer.'
- また、結果的に大敗のきっかけを作った康成・牧野忠成 (越後長岡藩初代)父子は部下を庇って出奔したため、一時謹慎となった。
- Yasunari and his son Tadanari MAKINO (the first lord of the Echigo Nagaoka Domain), who made the cause of huge defeat in hindsight, ran away protecting their followers, so they were temporarily suspended.
- 結果、幕府としては従前同様に日朝貿易は対馬藩に委ねたほうが得策と判断し、宗義成は無罪、柳川調興は津軽地方に流罪とされた。
- As a result, the Edo bakufu judged that it would be wise to leave Japan-Korea Trade to the Tsushima Domain as before, and Yoshinari SO was found innocent while Shigeoki YANAGAWA was sentenced to banishment to the Tsugaru region.
- 第二次世界大戦が終了した結果、大日本帝国陸軍、大日本帝国海軍が解体され、旧来その対象とされていた軍人が存在しなくなった。
- As a result that the Second World War ended, Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) and Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) were demobilized and military men who were originally supposed to carry a sword went out of existence.
- この大峯七十五靡は75箇所を数えるが、これは歴史的に整理されてきた結果であり、もっと多くの靡が設けられていた時期もある。
- Since the number of nabiki has been arranged through history, Omine seventy-five nabiki has seventy five points, but there was a time when more than seventy five nabiki were established.
- 更に堆積物の分析結果から、最も古い時代では白亜紀後期にあたる約7,000万年前から、黄砂が発生していたと考えられている。
- An analysis of sediments showed that kosa originated as early as in the latter half of the Cretaceous period, or from approx. 70 million years ago.
- そのため、義兄・明政は久政の家督相続を承服せず、反乱をおこすなど久政の家督相続は家中に少なからぬ禍根を残す結果となった。
- Accordingly, his brother-in-law, Akimasa, did not accept Hisamasa's succession to the position of family head by raising a rebellion, which resulted in the significant cause of later trouble in his family.
- 1980年前後に奥野高広、今谷明、小和田哲男が史料調査の結果として「伊勢新九郎盛時」を後の北条早雲とする論文を発表した。
- Some time around 1980, Takahiro OKUNO, Akira IMATANI and Tetsuo OWADA, after examining historical archives, published a paper stating that Shinkuro Moritoki ISE later became Soun HOJO.
- 頼政は形勢はうかがっていたが必ずしも平家に付こうとも考えていなかったのに、結果的に平家方に追いやることになってしまった。
- In fact, Yorimasa was just sitting on the fence; it never occurred to him that he would take sides with the Heike; however, as a result, Yoshihira drove Yorimasa to the Heike side.
- 明治7年(1874年)東京喰違坂附近で征韓論争の結果に不満を抱く高知県士族武市熊吉らに襲撃され、怪我を負う(喰違の変)。
- In 1874, near the Kuichigaizaka Hill in Tokyo, he was attacked by Kumakichi TAKECHI, a samurai descendent in Kochi Prefecture, and others who were not satisfied with the result of the Seikan-ron debate and was injured (the Kuichigai Incident).
- つまり、日本武尊が独断で宮簀媛に預け、結果的に手放すことになってしまった草薙剣を取り返すべく、道行を買収したわけである。
- In other words, the side of Emperor Tenmu bribed Dogyo into stealing for the purpose of recovering the Kusanagi no tsurugi which YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto left in the care of Miyazu Hime at his own discretion, resulting in letting go of.
- ただし、藩閥政権に対してもある程度の自立性を持ち、衆議院とその地位を競った結果、藩閥政権を幾度となく窮地に陥れてもいる。
- However, Kizokuin had a degree of independence from the Hanbatsu-dominated government and after fighting its status against the House of Representatives, Kizokuin sometimes made it difficult for the Hanbatsu government to maintain its power..
- このため、異常な天文現象に対しては、天文学と占星術に通じた者が君主に対してその事実と占いの結果を報告することが求められた。
- For that reason, it was imperative that an unusual astronomical phenomenon should be reported to the monarch by those well versed in astronomy and astrology together with observations and astrological divination.
- 後の豊臣政権において大きな勢力をもったが、譜代の有力な家臣をもたなかった秀吉が自分の子飼いを過大に喧伝した結果ともいえる。
- These seven soldiers later gained great power in the Toyotomi government, which may have been a result of Hideyoshi's excessive trumpeting of his favorite men, who had been trained by him since their childhood, since Hideyoshi did not have his own powerful hereditary vassals.
- さらに、すでに複数の「関連はみられない」との結果が出ているにも関わらず、環境省では今後も大気汚染との関連を調査するという。
- Despite multiple results indicating no relationship, the Ministry of the Environment continues to investigate the relationship between air pollution and such allergies.
- 江戸時代の鎖国が原因で欧米列強に国力で大きな差をつけられ、これが安政五カ国条約という新国家を後々まで苦しめる結果となった。
- Japan, which fell far behind the Western powers due to its national isolation policy in the Edo era, was heavily burdened by the Ansei Five-Power Treaties long after its start as a renewed nation.
- 以上のように、白村江の敗戦は、倭国内部の危機感を醸成し、日本という新しい国家の建設を結果としてもたらしたと考えられている。
- It is believed that their loss at the Battle of Hakusukinoe fostered a sense of danger for Wakoku, which resulted in the building of a new nation called Japan.
- 結果としてもっとも有望な地域は京都府与謝郡与謝村(当時。現在の与謝野町与謝地区)を中心とする大江山連峰であることを知った。
- As a result, they found that the most promising area was Oeyama mountain range centering on the former Yosano village (now the Yosano area, Yosano-cho), Yosa County, Kyoto Prefecture.
- その結果、人口の多数を占める全人衆の多数が組織していた堅田門徒の発言力が高まり、堅田衆の指導的地位を獲得するようになった。
- As a result, Katata-monto, organized by many Zenjin-shu, majority in Katata, enhanced their power and took the leadership position in Katata-shu.
- 砂塵が舞い上がる条件として、タクラマカン・ゴビ・黄土高原において上空10mの平均風速が5m/s以上、という研究結果がある。
- An investigation found that, in the Takla Makan Desert, the Gobi Desert, and the Loess Plateau, dust was flung up into the air when the average wind speed at the height of 10 m above the ground was 5 m/s or more.
- 福田千鶴は彼女の呼称についての検証をした結果、本名を「浅井茶々」、通称を「淀」と号したとするのが適切ではないかとしている。
- Chizuru FUKUDA concluded based on the result of the verification about her naming that it would be appropriate that her real name was 'Chacha AZAI' and her common name was 'Yodo'.
- それらの結果が保元の乱であり、潔い最後を遂げた事はかろうじて為義の名誉を救ったが、上記のような遠謀は無駄になってしまった。
- All of these events culminated in the outbreak of the Hogen War, where his gallant death helped to partly salvage his reputation but made his long-term plan mentioned above pointless.
- 結果として湊川の戦いで楠木正成は戦死することになり、清忠は戦略も理解せずに忠臣正成の献言を退けた公家として評判を落とした。
- As a result, Masashige KUSUNOKI died in the Battle of Minatogawa and Kiyotada gained an infamous reputation for having not understood the tactic and rejected the proposal of his royal subject, Masashige.
- 原田は、洋画家の代表として審査官であったものの、審査委員長が洋画排斥の後ろ盾九鬼隆一であり、洋画に厳しい審査結果となった。
- Harada was an examiner representing Western-style painters, but because Ryuichi KUKI, who was backing the expulsion of Western-style paintings, was the chief examiner, the examination results were unfavorable for Western-style paintings.
- この結果、享保の大飢饉以降、関東地方や離島において薩摩芋の栽培が普及し、天明の大飢饉では多くの人々の命を救ったと評される。
- As a result, it is commented that, since the Great Famine of Kyoho, the cultivation of sweet potato spread in Kanto region and solitary islands, and thus a lot of people's lives were saved in the Tenmei Famine.
- これだけの時間をかければ、つばをつけて封をはがし、また貼り付けて体温で乾かすことが可能という実際の検証結果も示されている。
- Results of actual verification revealed that this length of time was enough for her to unseal them using saliva, paste them again and dry them with her body temperature.
- そのために、紀伝道発展の要素も絶たれて伝統を固守するだけの学問となり、その結果として文章博士の家による独占・家学化が進んだ。
- This cut off any possible development of kidendo and the subject became one in which only traditions were maintained, resulting in domination by certain monjo hakase families and making it their kagaku (hereditary learning).
- 検地の実施後、その結果を元にしてそれぞれの村の石盛を決定し、村内の田畑・屋敷地について、一筆ごとに以下の項目を記載していく。
- Based on the result of kenchi, 'kokumori' (the estimated yield from the land per 'tan' [the old Japanese unit of land area]) was calculated in each village, and then, the following items were entered in kenchi-cho for each parcel of paddy, field, and residential area of the village.
- 日朝貿易を経済的基盤としていた宗氏は事態の打開を図り、1547年に偽日本国王使を派遣した結果、締結されたのが丁未約条である。
- The Teibi Yakujo that was concluded when the So clan, who were economically dependent on Japan-Korea trade, managed to effect a breakthrough in the situation and a pseudo King of Japan envoy was dispatched in 1547.
- そのようなトモ制の拡大・発展の結果、5世紀後半には、さらにトモノミヤツコ(伴造)がトモ(伴)を率いるという体制も整備された。
- As a result of the development and expansion of such Tomo system, by the latter half of the fifth century, a system was organized in which the Tomonomiyatsuko led the Tomo.
- そうした中、日本は朝鮮語教育に力を入れ、朝鮮民衆にハングルが広まったのは、日本の政策の結果であったとする意見も存在している。
- There exists an opinion that Japan promoted education of Korean language, and the prevalence of Hangeul among Korean people was a result of the Japanese policy.
- 秀吉は、この信長の弔い合戦に勝利した結果、清洲会議などを経て信長の後継者筆頭としての名乗りを挙げ、天下人への道を歩み始める。
- As a result of winning this battle to avenge Nobunaga's death, Hideyoshi claimed his position as the leading candidate for the succession of Nobunaga's position through the meeting at Kiyosu-jo Castle and on other occasions, and began to proceed his way toward assuming political leadership of the whole nation.
- 明応3年(1494年)、香厳院清晃を将軍職に就けて管領に任じられた結果、政元は将軍を事実上の傀儡にして幕政を牛耳るに至った。
- In 1494, having installed Kogen-In Seiko as shogun and having himself appointed as Kanrei, Masamoto dominated the shogunate government, with the shogun just a puppet.
- しかしその結果、義経は後白河の側近に編成された事になり、幕府への奉仕が不可能になったため、それが頼朝の怒りを招いたのである。
- However, as a result, he was incorporated into the Goshirakawa's close retainers, and it became impossible to render services for the Kamakura bakufu, and that resulted in raising Yoritomo's anger.
- この点において、内容の真偽はともかく、むしろ禮一郎の父親への敬愛の念が優れた文筆力で著された結果と見ることが出来るであろう。
- Concerning this point, putting aside the actual truth of the matter, the devotion by Reiichiro towards his father can be clearly seen through his skillful writing.
- 忠行の目の前には八角形の箱が目の前に出され、これを占った結果は「朱の紐でくくられている水晶の数珠」である事を見事的中させた。
- In front of Tadayuki, a octagonal box was placed, and he accurately told 'there is a juzu (rosary) of crystal beads linked together with a vermilion string.'
- 6世紀後半敏達天皇の代、農夫であった父親が農作業の途中落ちてきた雷の命を助け、その結果、強力(ごうりき)の子として生まれた。
- During the reign of Emperor Bidatsu in the latter half of the 6th century, he was born as a powerful baby as a result of his farmer father saving the life of a lightning spirit who had fallen during his farming work.
- また、たたら吹きには大量の木炭を必要とするため、川の上流の木が伐採しつくされた結果洪水が起きたことを象徴しているともされる。
- A lot of charcoal was needed to do the traditional Japanese tatara steel making method, so some people claim that it is a symbol of flooding as a result of too much deforestation at the upper reaches of a river.
- また、意図した人為の反映されがちな文献資料 (歴史学)の欠点を補うため考古学的結果(考古資料)に照らし合わせることも行われる。
- Moreover, in order to supplement the defects of written materials (historical science) which are apt to be reflected by artificial intent, gisho have also been verified with archeological materials.
- また、一方では日本人は北海道から沖縄県に至るまで、遺伝学的には大差はなく比較的均一性も高い民族であるという研究結果も出ている。
- On the other hand, the research findings concluded that the Japanese race is comparatively genetically unified, having little variation from Hokkaido to Okinawa.
- そのため単なる精神論を越えて監視社会化してしまい、この結果、「悪法」として一般民衆からは幕府への不満が高まったものと見られる。
- In this way, the law went beyond the spiritualism, the society was put under surveillance, and as the result, it is thought that dissatisfaction with the bad law among people in general was heightened against government.
- 第二次征伐の失敗によって幕府の武力が張子の虎であることが知れ渡ると同時に長州藩と薩摩藩への干渉能力がほぼ無くなる結果を招いた。
- The failure of the second conquest made it public knowledge that the military power of the bakufu was a paper tiger, and as a result, the bakufu had almost lost the power to interfere in the Choshu Domain and the Satsuma Domain.
- 何度かの戦闘の結果、新羅は再び唐の冊封を受け、唐は現在の清川江以南の領土を新羅へ与えるという形式をとって両者の和睦が成立した。
- As a result of several battles, Silla became a vassal under the Tang Dynasty again, and the two parties reached a reconciliation by Tang giving the territory south of Seisenko River.
- 卒業試験試問を受験し、その試験結果が8割に達すれば式部省が実施する進士・明法・明経・算・秀才 (科挙)のいずれかの試験を受け、
- Daigaku-ryo students had to take graduation examinations, and if they achieved a mark of 80 percentages, they then had to take one of the following examinations given by the Shikibu-sho (the Ministry of Ceremonies): Sinshi (Daigaku student who passed a subject of the official appointment test), Myobo (law), Myogyo (the study of classic Confucian writings), San (mathematics), or Shusai (Daigaku student who passed a subject of the official appointment test).
- その結果、刈田狼藉取締権・使節遵行権・半済給付権・闕所地処分権・段銭徴収権などを得た守護は、国内に領域的な支配を及ぼしていく。
- As a result, the Shugo who acquired the following rights came to control the province territorially: the right to control Karita-rozeki (to reap rice illegally), the right to send a delegate for executing the bakufu's order, the right to collect half of the taxes from manors and demesnes as military fund, the right to confiscate land property from criminals or if it is left derelict, and the right to collect temporary special tax levied on arable land.
- また、一条がわずか11歳で入内した彰子が皇子を産むのを待ち続けた結果、居貞は皇太子のまま25年も即位を待たされることになった。
- Okisada had to wait for 25 years before accession because Ichijo waited for Shoshi, who entered the court when she was 11, to have a prince.
- 多くの武家では宗家と主従関係を結ばれた結果、宗家の一門としての待遇を離れ主家と祖先を同じくする家臣として位置づけられていった。
- As a result of establishing a relationship between a lord and vassal, many warriors relinquished being treated as the head of the family and positioned themselves as vassals from the same ancestors as those of their employer's house.
- これらも含め、贋作が非常に多い事でも知られ、鑑定の結果、真筆と判定された作品には「大観番号」という番号をつけて保護されている。
- As for Taikan's works, it is well known that there are enormous numbers of fakes including the above, and so Taikan's paintings are protected by assigning a number called 'Taikan number' to paintings that have been appraised by experts as being genuine.
- そうして二人は互いに相手を毛嫌いするようになり、ついに扶余福信(鬼室福信)が扶余豊(扶余豊璋)によって処刑される結果となった。
- Fukushin Fuyo (Fukushin Kishitsu) and Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO) gradually grew an aversion to each other, resulting in Fukushin Fuyo (Fukushin Kishitsu) being executed by Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO).
- 同時に時実・時家(時忠の子)や平信基(信範の子)も解官となり(『兵範記』)、結果として堂上平氏が詰め腹を切らされる形になった。
- At the same time, Tokizane and Tokiie (Tokitada's sons) and TAIRA no Nobumoto (Nobunori's son) were also dismissed ('Heihanki') and, as a result, members of Dojo Heishi (the Taira clan that was hereditarily allowed to the Court) were forced to resign.
- その性急な挙兵は少弐氏や大友氏の支持を得られず、自滅する結果となるが、武時の探題襲撃計画は九州における討幕運動の契機となった。
- The rapid raising of an army could not get support of the Shoni clan and the Otomo clan, which resulted in his self-destruction, however, Taketoki's plan to attack the tandai triggered the anti-shogunate movement in Kyushu.
- これは長年にわたる朝廷への出仕と、中御門天皇・桜町天皇両天皇の歌道師範となるなど、歌道への多大な貢献が評価された結果とされる。
- It is considered as a result of the appreciation of his long service for the Imperial Court and great contribution to poetry, such as his being a poetry teacher for both the Emperor Nakamikado and Emperor Sakuramachi.
- しかし、高宗 (朝鮮王)はこの第二次日韓協約の裏をかく形で再びハーグ密使事件を引き起こし、結果として退位させられることとなる。
- However, Gao Zong (Korean King) caused the Hague Secret Emissary Affair by outsmarting the Eulsa Treaty, which resulted in him being replaced.
- すると、国司は自己の収入につながる公廨稲の出挙に力を入れたために、結果的に地方財政が増加する一方で正税管理が疎かになり始めた。
- Then, kokushi began to focus on suiko of kugaito connected with their income, leading to the consequence of the growth of provincial finances while the control of shozei began to be neglected.
- この両者の作業はいずれも乱れた状況にあった『源氏物語』の本文を正そうとするものであったが、その結果は若干異なったものとなった。
- Both efforts were made to set the disturbed text in the 'The Tale of Genji' in the right order, but the results turned out to be slightly different.
- このことに適した武器として長柄の刺突武器が見直された結果、槍が主力武器とされ、火薬を用いた火器火縄銃の伝来、普及へと変化した。
- After reviewing weapons to replace piercing weapons having a long handle with weapons suitable for group tactics, spears were considered to be a main weapon, which led to the introduction and widespread use of firearms matchlock guns that used gunpowder.
- なお、平治の乱では、摂津源氏の源頼政は源義朝に対して独自行動をとって義朝の子の義平と戦い、結果的に平家の勝利に貢献したとされる。
- In the Heiji War, MINAMOTO no Yorimasa of Settsu-Genji acted independently from MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo and fought against Yoshihira, a son of Yoshitomo and as a result, contributed the victory of Heike
- この結果、守護大名をはじめとする各地の武士によって自己の所領の全一的支配が確立され、その影響は室町幕府の御料所にも及んでいった。
- As a result, each of the bushi throughout Japan including shugo daimyo (great feudal lord) established an integral rule over his own shoryo, which influenced the goryosho of the Muromachi bakufu.
- さらに西欧の近代鉱山技術を導入した結果、足尾銅山は日本最大の鉱山となり、年間生産量数千トンをかぞえる東アジア一の銅の産地となる。
- As a result of the introduction of Western modern mining technology, Ashio copper mine became Japan's largest copper producer and became the largest in East Asia which produced thousands of tons annually.
- また、足利将軍家や畠山氏、斯波氏などの後継者争いなど複雑な事情も重なった結果、応仁元年(1467年)には応仁の乱の勃発に至った。
- Furthermore, as a result of complicated issues such as the succession race of the Shuogun Ashikaga family, the Hatayama clan and the Shiba clan, positioning to accede to the shogunate, the Onin War broke out in 1467.
- 一益の敗戦により上野、信濃の織田勢力は一掃される結果となり、一益は織田家重臣の列から外され、清洲会議にも出席できなかったという。
- Because of defeat of Kazumasu, the influence of ODA in Kozuke Province and Shinano Province was swept away and Kazumasu was removed from the group of chief vassals and he could not attend the Kiyosu conference.
- その結果、荘園・公領における領家職・地頭職のあり方が大きく変わることとなり、次第に荘園公領制の解体が推し進められることとなった。
- As a result, the nature of ryoke shiki (rights and responsibilities of the lord of shoen) and jito shiki at shoen/koryo changed substantially and the collapse of shoen koryo sei was prompted.
- ただ、為兼の強烈な個性は多くの敵をつくり、伏見の積極的な政治姿勢とも相まって、西園寺実兼との対立や幕府の警戒を呼ぶ結果となった。
- However, Tamekane's individualistic character made many enemies and together with Fushimi's progressive governing stance, it led to confrontation with Sanekane SAIONJI and called attention from the bakufu.
- これらの歴史研究の結果、人口に膾炙した歴史像を大きく覆すような成果が多数発表されており、網野善彦などがその代表として挙げられる。
- Because of these investigations of history, many results that are largely different from well-known images of history have been reported: Yoshihiko AMINO is a typical researcher reporting such results.
- ともあれ結果的に陸軍は25万人の脚気患者を出し、3万名近い兵士を病死させる事態となった(同時期、海軍では脚気患者はわずか87名。
- As a consequence, 250,000 people in the army suffered from beriberi, and nearly 30,000 soldiers died, however the Navy had only 87 beriberi patients.
- これは、権力が分散した状態では直ちに旗幟を明確にしにくい(立ち回りが遅い)という集団指導体制の弱点をさらけ出した結果でもあった。
- This was one of the consequences of the weakness of a collective leadership that had difficulty in taking decisive action (or was too slow to respond) due to its decentralized power structure.
- その結果として豊臣氏を摂津国・河内国・和泉国の三カ国65万石の一大名の身分に落とし、家康が実質上の天下人として君臨したのである。
- Resultantly, the Toyotomi family was forced to become merely a 650,000-koku daimyo owning the three provinces of Settsu, of Kawachi, and of Izumi, and Ieyasu came to dominate the nation as virtual Tenkabito (the ruler of the nation).
- 儒学に志篤いが故に、主君である持氏を結果的にしろ裏切ったことを激しく後悔し、永享の乱後に自害を試みたとされている(『永享記』)。
- Because Norizane had high motive for Confucianism, it is described that he severely regretted that he betrayed his lord, Mochiuji, as a result, and tried to kill himself after Eikyo War ('Eikyoki').
- 但し、京・奈良の寺社の再建を綱吉・桂昌院親子に奨めたのは隆光で、結果として幕府の財政悪化の一端を担いでしまったことは事実である。
- However, it was Ryuko who recommended Tsunayoshi and Keishoin to rebuild temples and shrines of Kyoto and Nara, which surely played a part in the financial deterioration of the shogunate as a result.
- 結果として鎮圧側につくことでこれらの目的を達成しようとする者が雪崩的に増加し、叛乱的な条件闘争を図った側を圧倒して乱は終結した。
- There was a great increase in the number of Samurai working with the Imperial army; the Samurai that sided with the rebels were outnumbered, thus putting an end to the conflict.
- 秀吉がこの政治機構を定めたのは、家康に対する牽制の意味もあったと言われているが、結果的にみてそれは失敗に終わったと言えるのである。
- While it is said that Hideyoshi established that political structure partly because he wanted to contain Ieyasu, Hideyoshi's intentions seemed to have resulted in failure.
- 秀忠死後は政治のかなりの部分を幕閣に任せており、家光が親政を行なったというのは幕閣がそのように宣伝した結果であるとも言われている。
- After the death of Hidetada, Iemitsu let the Bakufu cabinet officials conduct most of the political works and people's perception that Iemitsu personally engaged in politics is said to be the result of propaganda by cabinet officials.
- なお、協定に基づく水質検査の結果、降雨時の堆積場からの水質が環境基準を超えていることがあることを群馬県が2005年に指摘している。
- By the way, in 2005 Gunma Prefecture pointed out the water quality tests based on the agreement showed that water from the deposit site had exceeded the environmental standards sometimes during rainfall.
- 結果、倒幕を行ったのは、関ヶ原の戦いによって徳川家におとしめられた郷士達ではなく、徳川家によって余りある恩を受けた上士達であった。
- As a result, the people who in fact conducted Tobaku were not Goshi who had been humbled by the Tokugawa family after the Battle of Sekigahara but were instead Joshi who had received overwhelmingly preferential treatment by the Tokugawa family.
- この戦争の結果、薩長、薩長協力藩(佐賀藩、土佐藩等)出身者が明治政府の主体となり、日本は近代的な中央集権国家への道を歩んでいった。
- As a result of the war, members from the Sat-Cho (the Satsuma and Choshu Domains) and their supporting domains (the Saga and Tosa Domains) played an active role in the Meiji government, and Japan was to head for the modern system of centralized government.
- 1221年の承久の乱の結果、後鳥羽上皇を中心とする朝廷が幕府に敗れる事態となり、上皇方についた貴族・武士の所領はすべて没収された。
- As the result of Jokyu War in 1221, the imperial court centering on the Retired Emperor Gotoba was defeated by the bakufu and all the lands of the aristocrats and samurais who were on the side of the Retired Emperor were confiscated.
- ちなみに事件後の検死結果によると、額から鼻にかけて断ち割られ、傷は長さ約21㎝、深さ6cmに達し、ほぼ即死の状態であったとされる。
- According to the postmortem report, he was cut from the forehead to nose and the wound was approximately 21cm in length and 6cm in depth, thus he died instantly.
- リアリズムであったため、少年時代自ら稲荷神社のお守りを厠に捨ててみて、神罰が起こるか試したことがある(結果神罰が起こらなかった)。
- Being a realist, Itagaki in his childhood once dared to throw away his Omamori (a personal amulet) of the Inari-jinja Shrine into the toilet and tried to see whether his action would trigger the divine punishment, which did not occur.
- しかし、縁ある公卿や女官を頼りに奔走し、12日間の京での滞在の結果、ついに「慶喜が恭順の道に尽くすなら」と徳川家存続の内旨を得た。
- She made every effort and asked related nobles and court ladies, then, after twelve days stay in Kyoto, she finally got the permission of the continuance of the Tokugawa family directly from the court with the condition that Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA should obey the court orders.
- 大阪御堂筋の旅宿・花屋仁左衛門方で「旅に病んで夢は枯野をかけ廻る」の句を残して客死した(よく辞世の句と言われているが結果論である。
- He left a haiku 'Tabi ni yande/yume wa kareno o/kakemeguru' (Sick on a journey, my dreams wander the withered fields) at Nizaemon HANAYA's lodge in Midosuji, Osaka and died abroad (It is often said to be a death haiku in hindsight.
- 目的は秀吉の朝鮮出兵(文禄・慶長の役)のための兵力把握や人夫の動員可能数の把握と言われているが、結果として兵農分離の一因ともなった。
- The goal was said to have determine the mobilization capacity of military force and workers to deal with Korean invasions (Bunroku and Keicho battles) by Hideyoshi and it also contributed to the separation of warriors and farmers.
- 9月には、北条・上杉の講和の結果北条傘下を離れた昌幸が信蕃に加勢するようになり、家康は信蕃と昌幸に曽根昌世らをつけて戦力を強化した。
- In September and October, Masayuki, who had left the umbrella of Hojo as a result of the peace made between Hojo and Uesugi, gave his support to Nobushige, and Ieyasu enhanced his military power by having Masatada SONE assist Nobushige and Masayuki.
- しかし、第二次鉱毒調査委員会は、前述のとおり、予防令による工事で鉱毒は減少したとは結論づけたが、鉱毒が消滅したという調査結果はない。
- Although the second Research Committee of the Mining Pollution, as described above, concluded that the construction by the first measure decreased the mining pollution, there was no researching result to show they had stopped the pollution.
- 戦国時代 (日本)には、各地の戦国大名が領国の一円知行を強めた結果、多様な主体が銘々に設置する関所は否定され、次第に減少していった。
- During the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan), the sengoku (warring) daimyo ruling the various parts of Japan intensified their complete proprietary control over their own domains, and as a result the barrier stations that had been erected by all the various influential players lost their significance, and gradually fell into decline.
- その結果、住民が出資し、「有限会社かやぶきの里」を設立し、建造物の維持管理および観光施設としての運営を組織的におこなうようになった。
- The area residents, consequently, invested in founding Kayabuki-no-sato, Inc. whereby they began to systematically maintain and operate buildings as tourist facilities.
- 地質調査の結果、平安遷都より古い時代の高野川は、(現在のように)出町柳で鴨川と合流していたわけではないという可能性が指摘されている。
- A geological investigation result points out that, before the Japanese capital was moved to Heian-kyo, the Takano-gawa River might not have been merged into the Kamo-gawa River at Demachiyanagi (as at present).
- 野州家は将軍近習としての性格を有した一方で、京兆家、典厩家とも密接な関係を保ち、結果として細川氏一門の幕政関与に貢献したと思われる。
- The Yashu family possessed its nature as a shogun attendant, but on the other hand, they maintained the close relationship with the Keicho family and the Tenkyu family, as a result, it is assumed, they had contributed to the involvement of the Hosokawa clan in bakufu.
- 尊氏が南朝に降ったときに南朝が要求した条件に、皇位は南朝に任せるという項目があったため、北朝の皇位の正統性が弱められる結果となった。
- Because one of the conditions that the Southern Court demanded when Takauji surrendered was to unify Imperial succession to the Southern Court, the legitimacy of the Imperial succession of the Northern Court was weakened.
- 万世一系の立場からは、女系天皇は即位しても神武天皇以来の皇統に属さず、その結果として日本史上初の王朝交代が生じる、ということになる。
- From the perspective of an unbroken line of Emperors, a Female-line Emperor doesn't belong to the imperial lineage originating from Emperor Jinmu even if he/she ascended to the throne, therefore, leading to the first-ever dynastic change in Japan.
- 草創期の鎌倉幕府は、東国の支配権を有するのみだったが、それは当時の幕府を構成する武士たちにとって十分満足できる結果だったはずである。
- The initial Kamakura bakufu only had the right to control the Eastern provinces and this should have been enough for the bushi who were part of the government of that time.
- 結果的に戦国大名浅井氏が滅亡に追い込んだことから、久政は時の流れを読むことができなかった暗愚な当主と言われるようになったのであろう。
- Leading to the ruin of a feudal lord, the Asai clan, Hisamasa seems to have been regarded as a foolish leader who could not read the current of the times.
- 実際には豊臣秀頼と側室の間に生まれた娘・奈阿姫が処刑される所を体を張った必死の助命嘆願を行い、その結果、奈阿姫は助けられたとされる。
- For example, when her husband Hideyori TOYOTOMI's daughter borne of his concubine, Naahime, was on the verge of being executed, Senhime risked her own life in a plea to save Naahime. Senhime managed to secure her release.
- そのため親房の構想は敵と身内の両方から突き崩される結果となり、1343年(興国4年/康永2年)に両城が陥落すると吉野へ帰還している。
- Because of that, Chikafusa returned to Yoshino after his plots were undermined by both the inside and outside and both castles were destroyed in 1343.
- この時期、在地領主の支配が及ぶようになった結果、各荘園からの熊野への年貢は一部の上分米をおさめるのみになり、それも滞りがちとなった。
- During this time, a local lord came to rule the area; as a result, the nengu (land tax) paid to Kumano were only a part of rice tax for the religious festivals and sometimes that fell behind.
- これらの歎願の多くは結果的には却下されることが多かったが、大総督有栖川宮や参謀西郷隆盛などに何らかの心理的影響を与えた可能性もある。
- The end result, although many of the petitions were rejected, was the possibility of directing some psychological impact upon the Dai Sotoku, Prince Arisugawanomiya, and the staff officer, Takamori SAIGO.
- 最終的に島津氏は九州の大部分を没収されたが、石田三成と伊集院忠棟による戦後処理の結果、薩摩・大隅国の2国を安堵され九州征伐は終了した。
- Although the Shimazu clan was finally deprived of most of its territories in Kyushu, it was granted the right to rule Satsuma and Osumi Provinces as a result of the post-war actions taken by Mitsunari ISHIDA and Tadamune IJUIN.
- 12回にわたる交渉の結果、8月24日(旧暦7月6日)、細目に当たる修好条規付録(11款)と章程にあたる貿易規則(11則)が定められる。
- As a result of negotiations over 12 times, details for subsidiary agreements of the Treaty of Amity (11 provisions) and the precise rules of trade regulations (11 rules) were established on August 24.
- この説明を日本にあてはめると、日本国家は法律上はひとつの法人であり、その結果として、天皇は、法人たる日本国家の機関だということになる。
- If you apply the theory to Japan, the Japanese Nation is a legal public authority, and this makes Emperor an organ of Japan, the public authority
- また、南北朝時代 (日本)にも直仁親王など複数の例が存在し、こちらは政治的な要素もさることながら、軍事的敗北の結果としての要素が強い。
- There are additional cases in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), including the Imperial Prince Naohito, who was deposed as a result of the military defeat rather than by political reasons.
- この説は、高柳光寿が当時の学会で権威を持っていたこともあって広く浸透し、その結果、信忠を暗愚とするイメージが長く定着することとなった。
- Mitsutoshi TAKAYANAGI had authority in academic society at that time, which made the foolish image he had established of Nobutada prevail for a long time.
- 弥生時代末期には、発掘調査の結果から、北部九州を中心とする政治勢力と奈良盆地東南部を中心とする政治勢力が存在していたことが判っている。
- Analytical research of the excavations by historians and other experts resulted in the conclusion that there were two political forces at the end stage of the Yayoi Period; one central force was in the northern part of Kyushu, and another central force was in located in the southeastern part of the Nara Basin.
- 韓国の資本主義は日本の植民地化の中で生まれ、特に戦後の韓国の資本主義や工業化は日本の近代化政策を模したものという研究結果を出している。
- He published the results of his study determining South Korean capitalism was born during Japanese colonization, and particularly the capitalism and industrialization in South Korea after the war was modeled after Japanese modernization policies.
- 中国人学者の沈仁安は日本書紀の信頼性を検証した結果、朝鮮の正史である三国史記を以て日本書紀の記述を訂正することは相反しないと指摘する。
- Ren'an SHEN, a Chinese scholar, verified the reliability of Nihonshoki, and as a result, he has pointed out that it is not wrong to correct the descriptions of Nihonshoki with Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) which is the official history of Korea.
- 豊臣秀吉が慶長3年(1598年)に死去するとこれらの体制で政権を維持することとなったが、必ずしも法令が機能したとは言えない結果となった。
- When Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI passed away in 1598, those systems were to support the Toyotomi government; however, the laws did not always function.
- 荘園や所領に関する荘園目録、所領目録、検注の結果を示す検注目録、耕作面積と人員を示す作田目録、年貢の進納状況を示す結解目録などがあった。
- Various mokuroku were drawn up, including shoen mokuroku and shoryo mokuroku which were related to manors and landholding, kenchu mokuroku which recorded the results of kenchu (land surveys), sakuden mokuroku which showed the area under cultivation and the number of workers, and ketsuge mokuroku which showed the status of the payment of nengu (land tax).
- 結果は院近臣勢力の露骨な拡大であり、兼実は「任人の体、殆ど物狂と謂ふべし。悲しむべし悲しむべし」(『玉葉』8月16日条)と憤慨している。
- The result was an outright expansion of the poser of In-no-kinshin (vassal attending on a retired emperor), which made Kanezane indignant enough to say, 'The state of appointments is practically insane. It is deplorable. Deplorable' ('Gyokuyo,' entry of September 11).
- 結果、約500万両(新井白石による推定)もしくは580万両(荻原重秀による推計)の出目(改鋳による差益)を生じ一時的に幕府財政を潤した。
- As a result, a profit margin of about 5,000,000 ryo (a unit of gold currency) (Hakuseki ARAI's estimation) or 5,800,000 ryo (Shigehide OGIWARA's estimation) was produced and temporarily enriched the government.
- 2005年から始まった発掘の結果、飛鳥甘樫丘で蘇我入鹿の邸宅が、「谷の宮門(たにのみかど)」の谷の宮門で兵舎と武器庫の存在が確認された。
- According to the results of the excavation which started from 2005, the SOGA no Iruka's residence was found on Amakashi Hill in Asuka as well as the barracks and weapon storage at 'Tani no Mikado.'
- また、黄砂の観測やモデルによる黄砂飛散の推定結果などから、東南アジアで発生した煤や一酸化炭素が日本に飛来してきていることも分かっている。
- Furthermore, from measurements of kosa and estimates based on a kosa-scattering model, it has also been known that soot and carbon monoxide generated in eastern Asia have flown to Japan as well.
- もう1つは、中世史料を詳細に検討した結果、進止の語が土地支配を意味するのに対し、知行の語は土地からの収益処分を指すものとした見解である。
- The other is as follows; As a result of detailed investigations of historical materials concerning the medieval period, it is considered that the term of shinshi indicated land control, but that of chigyo the right of obtaining profits from land.
- 同後半の黒船来航と日米和親条約締結を契機として、幕府の管理貿易体制(鎖国)は解かれ、結果として幕府の威信は低下し、朝廷の権威が増大した。
- With the arrival of Kurofune (the black ships of Commodore Matthew Perry) and the conclusion of Treaty between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan as the turning point, the trade system controlled by the bakufu (Sakoku) was dissolved, resultantly lowering the authority of the bakufu and increasing the authority of the Imperial Court.
- 外交はその国民の代表との長い信頼関係の構築の結果として醸成されてくるものであるから、国内での影響力と同じ尺度で評価する事は適切ではない。
- Since diplomacy is a result of constructing a long trusted relationships between representatives of citizens of the states, it is not appropriate to make an evaluation based upon his clout in Japan.
- 律儀に父の路線を守り、出来て間もない江戸幕府の基盤を強固にすることを期待されたのであり、結果として秀忠もそれによく応えたと言えるだろう。
- He was expected to solidify the foundations of the newly established Edo Bakufu strictly in line with his father's policy and it may be said that Hidetada consequently came up to the expectations well.
- しかしながら、家康の場合はその関与の度合いは不明とは言え、結果的に本願寺を内部分裂させ、彼らの自滅を誘う形でその勢力を更に弱めていった。
- However, although to what extent Ieyasu was involved in the affairs of the temple is unknown, he resultantly made Hongan-ji Temple separated internally, weakening the power of the temple by inducing self-destruction.
- これは長年、早雲と思われた伊勢貞藤の生年と混同されてしまった結果であるとし、江戸時代前期成立の軍記物で「子の年」生まれと記載されている。
- The discrepancy resulted from confusion over the date of birth of Sadafuji ISE, who was once thought to be Soun, and from war chronicles written at the beginning of Edo Period, in which Soun was described as having been born in the year of Rat.
- 結果として北部国境付近にある児玉党(児玉庄氏)本宗家を継ぎ、栗崎の領地を守る事となったのは、家長の四男(家次の弟)である本庄時家である。
- As a result, it was Tokiie HONJO, the fourth son (younger brother of Ietsugu) of Ienaga who ended up succeeding his father as the head of the head family of Kodama party (Kodama Sho clan) located near the north border and keeping its Kurisaki territory,
- 三成は秀吉の意向を受けて働いただけであり、結果として事務処理をせざるをえなかった三成が秀吉の代わりに憎まれ役になったという事実があった。
- Mitsunari might have worked in a businesslike manner on Hideyoshi's disposition, and might have played the bad guy instead of Hideyoshi.
- 1880年代に国境線画定の会談(「勘界会談」)がもたれたが、その結果豆満江(図們江)・鴨緑江をもってとりあえず国境線とすることとなった。
- There was a meeting to fix borders in 1880's ('Kamgye Conference') and as the result, the Tumen river (図們江 in Chinese) and the Yalu river became borders between Korea and China.
- その結果、藩札は大坂の両替商の関与を断たれ、桜井谷陣屋の米奉行が発行し、豊嶋郡の領内有力農民が銀穀方として運用する形態が幕末まで続いた。
- As a result, the currency exchangers in Osaka stopped supporting the domain's han bills, so their han bills were issued by a kome bugyo (commissioner of rice) of Sakuraidani jinya and were circulated as 'ginkokukata' by influential peasants in the territory of Teshima-gun until the end of the Edo period.
- この3分類法はいろいろな別の分野での研究結果とも一致すると考えられたこともあって、説得力のある見解として広く受け入れられるようになった。
- These three groups came to be widely accepted as a plausible view, and were considered to be in accordance with the study in various respects.
- だが、名体制が解体し始める室町時代以後になると、負担者と被負担者の区分が不明確となった結果、彼らに対しても公事が賦課されるようになった。
- However, after Muromachi period when the myo system began to dissolve, the distinction between tax bearers and non-tax bearers became unclear, so even non-tax bearers began to be imposed kuji.
- このような対馬藩の形振り構わぬ工作活動の結果、朝鮮側は(満州の女真族(後金)の勢力拡大で北方防備の必要もあったため)交渉に宥和的となった。
- As a result of such desperate maneuver activities by the Tsushima Domain, Korea became appeased and positive with the negotiations (partly because the need for northern defense increased due to the expanded power of the Joshin tribe [Kokin] in Manchuria.)
- また秀吉にとって都合の良い状況で光秀と戦って勝利を収め、また本能寺の変をきっかけに秀吉が天下人となり、結果的に一番利益を得ていることから。
- It is also because Hideyoshi fought with Mitsuhide under very favorable condition and won the battle and he became a tenkabito (a person who holds the reins of government) taking advantage of Honnoji Incident and as a result, obtained the largest advantage.
- 清和源氏は源頼朝が平氏本家を打ち破った後鎌倉に幕府を開き、3代にわたって東日本を統治した結果、武家の盟主として広く認められるようになった。
- Seiwa-Genji established the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in Kamakura after MINAMOTO no Yoritomo defeated Taira clan's head family and became widely known as a leader of buke (military authority) through controlling the east Japan for three generations.
- しかし、練習用の鉛管だとは告げずに透視結果を報告しており、山川から預かった鉛管は最初隠していたため、ごまかしを試みて失敗した可能性が高い。
- However, she reported the result without telling that was on the pipe for practice, which might be highly possible that she failed in cheating because at first she was hiding the lead pipe which Yamakawa gave her.
- そして藤壺が病のため里下がりした折に関係をもち(「若紫」)、その結果藤壺は源氏に生き写しの男御子(後の朱雀帝の皇太子、冷泉帝)をもうける。
- Then, when Fujitsubo took temporary leave from court because of her illness, she had an affair with Genji and Fujitsubo gave birth to a boy (later, Emperor Reizei, crown prince to Emperor SUZAKU) who looked exactly like Genii.
- くだって幕末、禁門の変では、長州藩が当地を押さえた上で京都御所へ進撃するが、結果的に敗走し、参陣していた真木和泉ら十七烈士は当地で自刃した。
- Later, in Kinmon Incident at the end of the Edo period, Choshu clan captured the place to attack the Kyoto Imperial Palace, however, they were routed back eventually to have 17 Patriots including Izumi MAKI commit suicide there.
- このため、深刻な外交摩擦に発展し、将軍の名分をめぐって林信篤や対馬藩藩儒雨森芳洲も巻き込んで日朝双方を果てしない議論にまき起む結果となった。
- Therefore, this problem developed into a serious diplomatic conflict, plunging both Japan and Korea sides into endless arguments concerning the positioning of shogun, including Nobuatsu HAYASHI and Hoshu AMENOMORI, Hanju of the Tsushima Domain (a Confucian scholar who worked for the Tsushima Domain).
- その結果、浅野にのみ切腹を命じて吉良の罪をとわなかった将軍徳川綱吉には「いじめっ子」に加担したかのような否定的イメージが付きまとってしまう。
- As a result, Tsunayoshi, who sentenced only Asano to death by seppuku without accusing Kira, is often associated with the negative image of him supporting a 'bully.'
- その結果、五山の僧侶たちは家康の影響力を恐れて、「みなこの銘中に国家安康の一句、御名を犯す事尤不敬とすべし。」(徳川実紀)と返答したという。
- For this, the priests are said to have answered, fearing the influential power of Ieyasu, that the phrase of 国家安康 in the inscription considered being extremely impious, because it damaged the name of Ieyasu (according to Tokugawa Jikki (a collection of official records of the Edo bakufu).
- ただし、和睦の結果、丹後国守護職は持範、若狭守護職には義貫がなったという『系図纂要』の記述は誤りで、持範は終生守護職に就くことなく終わった。
- According to 'Keizu sanyo,' Mochinori held the post of Shugoshiki of Tango Province and Yoshitsura held the post of Shugoshiki of Wakasa as a result of the reconciliation; however, this is incorrect and Mochinori had never held the post of Shugoshiki throughout his life.
- この他、『ルパン三世』のアニメ版諸作品でも、泥棒である主人公一味が結果的に一国や地球的な規模の巨悪までをも粉砕する展開が少なからず見られる。
- Besides these, in various works of 'Lupin III' of the animated cartoon version, lead characters of thieves often unintentionally defeat huge, nationwide or earth-scale evils.
- また、この合戦によって徳川家康の真田氏に対する評価は高まり、結果として本多忠勝の娘である小松姫を真田信之へ嫁がせて懐柔するきっかけともなった。
- In addition, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA recognized the Sanada clan highly through this battle, and as a result, he had Tadakatsu HONDA's daughter Komatsuhime marry into Nobuyuki SANADA for conciliation.
- こうした中で算道の地位はそれまでと大きく変動することもなく、結果的に上昇傾向にあった明法道・紀伝道とは相対的に見て地位が低下することとなった。
- During all this, Sando's position did not change greatly from what it had been before, and, as Myobodo and Kidendo were on the rise, it decreased by comparison.
- 秀吉の刀狩は、百姓等のみならず寺社勢力の武器没収も意味しており、この結果として約五百年間続いた寺社勢力は日本の権力構造から消えることとなった。
- Hideyoshi's Katanagari (sword hunt) meant that not only from the farmers but also weapons owned by jisha seiryoku were collected and this led to the disappearance of jisha seiryoku from the power structure of Japan after 500 years of existence.
- しかしこの方法では、全国一律公平の租税を徴収する目的は達しがたく、また、の改租結果から、目標の租税額が確保できそうにないことが明らかとなった。
- However, it became clear that it was difficult for the government to reach the goal of collecting land tax uniformly and fairly throughout the country and that the result of the land-tax reform of 1874 made the government know that it was difficult for the government to secure the amount of land tax it had aimed at.
- インフラストラクチャーの整備が行われ結果として伝染病の予防や出生率の増加におよび、教育施設では皇民化教育、日本語やハングルの教育が進められた。
- Infrastructure was improved, which led prevention of infectious diseases and increase of the birth rate, and Japanization and teaching of Japanese and Hangeul were pursued in educational facilities.
- 12月16日(1月21日)、隨・経由・光順と、経由の息子・経徳の計4名で改めて拝診した結果、天皇が痘瘡(天然痘)に罹患している可能性が強まる。
- On December 16 (in old lunar calendar), four doctors, Zui, Tsuneyoshi, Mitsuosa and Tsuneyoshi's son Tsunenori, all together, reexamined the Emperor and they found out that there was a strong possibility that he had been affected with smallpox.
- 父の頼政は平治の乱では平清盛に味方し、その結果、源義朝の河内源氏(源頼信の系統)は没落するが、摂津源氏は平氏政権下の中央に留まることになった。
- His father, Yorimasa, supported TAIRA no Kiyomori in the Heiji Rebellion, and as a result, the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan) led by MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo (in the family line of MINAMOTO no Yorinobu) was destroyed while the Settsu Genji remained an important family under the Taira administration.
- 義家の亡き後の源氏の棟梁となり天下に栄名を博したが、暗殺によって前途を断たれ結果的に源氏の勢力を守りきれなかったこともあり、後世の評価も低い。
- He achieved fame during his lifetime as the leader of Kawachi-Genji after the death of Yoshiie, but due to his assassination, he was not able to succeed in preserving the power of Kawachi-Genji and was therefore poorly regarded by later generations.
- その後、温暖化により海面が上昇した結果、先に述べた対馬・朝鮮半島間の水路の幅が広がって朝鮮海峡となり、対馬暖流が日本海に流れ込むこととなった。
- Later, due to the sea level rise in the above mentioned, the waterway between Tsushima Island and the Korean peninsula widened and became the Korea Strait; as a result, Tsushima Danryu (warm current) came to flow into the Sea of Japan.
- しかしアロー戦争の結果締結された天津条約や北京条約によって、清朝は少なくとも外交制度上は西欧諸国を自国と対等な存在として認めざるを得なくなる。
- Because of the Treaty of Tianjin and the Treaty of Beijing resulted from the Arrow War, the Qing dynastic was obliged at least from diplomatic point of view to recognize western countries as equal existence to own country.
- 結果的にはその後の紆余曲折を経て廃藩置県により連邦国家アメリカ以上の中央集権国家となったが、政体書作成当初はそこまでの展望は開けていなかった。
- As the result, through implementation of Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures), the government became a more centralized government than the United States, but it was not foreseeable at the time of creation of the Constitution.
- やがて受領と地方富豪層の間の緊張関係の調停に積極介入するようになり、そのこじれから国衙と戦となって、結果的に朝廷への叛乱とみなされるに至った。
- Soon after, Masakado intervened in a tense dispute involving the Zuryo (the Provincial Governors) and the local Fugo-so (the upper class) who were at war with the Kokuga (the provincial government office); the intervention was considered to be an act of rebellion against the Imperial Court.
- この結果、尾崎行雄が外務省参事官に任命されるなど政党からの参事官起用が実現した(逆に、これが第2次山縣内閣による文官任用令改正の遠因となる)。
- As a result, employment of counsellors from the political parties was realized such as Yukio OZAKI who was assigned as Counsellor for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (on the contrary, this became the underlying cause for revision of the Civil Service Appointment Ordinance by the Second Yamagata Cabinet).
- これは文章博士が紀伝道成立以前からある官である事と「紀伝」を学ぶために設置された官職であった事実との間でバランスを取った結果とも考えられている。
- This can be understood as them trying to keep balance between the fact that monjo hakase existed before the establishment of kidendo and that they were the positions set for studying 'kiden.'
- この結果、二十歳以上の男子の3%~4%くらいしか徴兵できなかった(もともと政府の財政難により、成人男子全員を徴兵することは到底無理ではあった)。
- As a result, only about 3 to 4% of the male aged 20 and over were drafted (though it was never possible to draft all adult males due to the government's financial difficulty).
- このような繋がりの増強は、後の倒幕運動にも生かされるようになり、薩摩藩は終始佐幕派を装いつつ、結果として秘密裏に薩長同盟を締結する事に成功した。
- The power thus strengthened was utilized in the Tobaku movement that followed, and while the Satsuma clan pretended to be pro-Bakufu at all times it ended up secretly concluding the Saccho Coalition.
- その数か月後、またも世の形勢は変転し、後醍醐側勢力を打ち破った足利尊氏は光厳上皇を治天の君として迎えいれ、結果、光厳院政が開始することとなった。
- After several months, affairs once again changed; Takauji ASHIKAGA who had beaten the force of Godaigo invited the Retired Emperor Kogon as Chiten no kimi, commencing the cloistered government with the Retired Emperor Kogon.
- その結果宗氏は送還に消極的になり、三浦人口は1436年の206人から1466年には1650余人、1494年には3105人まで急増することになる。
- Consequently, the So clan became less interested in the repatriation of the residents, and the population in Sanpo increased drastically: the population was 206 in 1436, and it increased to over 1,650 in 1466, and then it eventually reached 3,105 in 1494.
- 後鳥羽上皇らが幕府討伐のため起こした承久の乱は、結果としては幕府が朝廷に勝利し、朝廷に対する幕府の政治的優位性の確立という画期的な事件となった。
- The end result of the Jokyu Rebellion, in which Retired Emperor Gotoba and others tried to overthrow the bakufu, was the triumph of the bakufu over the court--this rebellion ushered in a new era, one of the political ascendancy of the bakufu over the court.
- なお、制度変更後の第一回国費留学生には政治家となった鳩山和夫、外交官となった小村寿太郎などの人材がおり、結果的に九鬼の目標は達成されたと言える。
- The first government-sponsored overseas students after the revision of the system included Kazuo HATOYAMA who became a statesman and Jutaro KOMURA who became a diplomat, which shows that Kuki eventually achieved his goal.
- 延暦寺は朝廷と幕府に二人の死罪を求めるが、幕府はこれを放置し、延暦寺がさらに強く抗議を行った結果、二人は上総国山辺郡 (上総国)へ一時流される。
- Enryaku-ji Temple required the Imperial Court and the bakufu to sentence both of them to death, but the bakufu left the matter as it was; after Enryaku-ji Temple made a stronger protest, both of them were temporarily exiled to Yamabe-gun, Kazusa Province (Kazusa Province).
- あちこちで敗れた平家一門は尾瀬も近く、片品村に至るまでも険しい山々が連なる場所まで逃げた結果、片品村に平家の落人が住み着いて繁栄することになった。
- After being defeated at various places, the Taira family escaped to Katashina-mura, which is located near Oze and surrounded by steep mountains, and Heike no Ochudo settled there and prospered.
- しかし、一貫して金銀の純度を下げる方向で改鋳をし続けた結果、実態の経済規模と発行済通貨量が著しくアンバランスになりインフレーションが発生していた。
- However, he repeatedly reminted coins by consistently degrading the purity of the gold and silver, and this caused inflation due to a significant imbalance of actual economic scale and currency circulation.
- 後藤は台湾の社会風俗などの調査を行い、その結果をもとに政策を立案、生物学的原則を確立すると同時に、漸次同化の方法を模索するという統治方針であった。
- Goto conducted research on Taiwanese society and customs and formulated the governance policy based upon research results to establish biological principles as well as to seek eventual assimilation.
- 戦国時代 (日本)後期、織田信長は足利義昭を将軍として上洛を行ったが、程なく信長と義昭の間に対立が生じ、その結果義昭は追放され室町幕府は滅亡した。
- During the late Sengoku period (Japan), Nobunaga ODA went to the capital (Kyoto), regarding Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA as the Shogun, but shortly afterward, he faced confrontation with Yoshiaki and as a result, Yoshiaki was expelled leading to the fall of the Muromachi shogunate.
- それを封じるため、治承4年(1180年)12月、平重衡は東大寺・興福寺を焼き討ちにした(南都焼討)が、より一層、平氏への抵抗を強める結果となった。
- To suppress this movement, in December 1180, TAIRA no Shigehira burned down Todai-ji and Kofuku-ji Temples (Nanto Yakiuchi), resulting in strengthening of the resistance against the Taira clan.
- この結果、清朝は従来の華夷秩序に基づいてヨーロッパ諸国と外交することが不可能となり、新たに総理衙門を設けて対ヨーロッパ外交をおこなうこととなった。
- As a result, it became impossible for China to maintain the diplomatic relations with European countries based on the traditional order of kai (the Chinese vs. barbarians), and it established Sorigamon (the government body in charge of foreign affairs) in order to deal with the diplomacy with European countries.
- 朝鮮最初の条約が不平等条約であったのは、日本側の砲艦外交の結果でもあるが、国際法や条約体制に関し、朝鮮側が関心を払っていなかったことも要因である。
- The first treaty, which Korea concluded was an unequal treaty due to the gunboat diplomacy of Japan but it is also pointed out that Korea did not pay attention to it.
- 徴税(民部省)と財政(大蔵省)機構の一体化による中央集権体制の確立を主張する大隈重信(民部大輔)、伊藤博文(大蔵少輔)が強く推進した結果であった。
- This merger resulted from the strong pressure exerted by Shigenobu OKUMA (Minbu-no-Taifu) and Hirobumi ITO (Okura-no-Shofu) aiming to establish the centralized administrative framework by integrating a tax collection system (Minbu-sho) and a financial system (Okura-sho).
- 結果、和泉国・紀伊国・周防国・長門国・豊前国・石見国の6カ国を領する守護大名となり、李氏朝鮮とも独自の貿易を行うなどして大内氏の最盛期を築き上げた。
- As a result, he became a shugo daimyo with the territories of six provinces, such as Izumi Province, Kii Province, Suo Province, Nagato Province, Buzen Province and Iwami Province, and built the height of the Ouchi clan's prosperity, along with the trading with Yi Dynasty Korea on its own accord.
- その結果36人余の集団となった壬生浪士組は、京都守護職・松平容保より、主に尊攘激派(勤王倒幕)浪士達による不逞行為の取り締まりと市中警護を任された。
- As a result, Mibu Roshi-gumi became a group of about 36 men, and was assigned by Katamori MATSUDAIRA, Kyoto Shugoshoku, to control lawless acts by Sonno-joi extremists (loyalists aiming for overthrow of the shogunate), and guard in the city of Kyoto.
- また、他領の領民に対する危害行為は、たとえ正当防衛である切捨御免の結果であったとしても、その領民が属する封建領主への敵対的行為とされる恐れがあった。
- Any harmful deed toward a person of another domain could be regarded as hostile behavior to the suzerain to whom the killed person belonged, even if it was the result of Kirisute gomen, justifiable defense.
- この結果、義教によって復興された権力はこの後弱体化していくが、義政の東山文化を支えた将軍の中央集権権力は、義教の代に再び確立されたことも事実である。
- As a result, the authority that Yoshinori had restored became weaker, but it remains a fact that the centralized authoritarian power of the shogun that supported the Higashiyama culture, led by Yoshinori's son, Yoshimasa, was re-built during Yoshinori's time.
- 石川氏から公卿が出るのも結果的に彼が最後(石川氏は他にも大叔父の石川豊成の系統があるが、中納言を極官とした彼が亡くなって以降振るわなかた)であった。
- He was the last Court noble from the Ishikawa clan (the clan also included the family originated from his great-uncle ISHIKAWA no Toyonari, whose highest position was Chunagon, but this family's influence was not so strong after Toyonari's death).
- 江戸時代以降、南朝の忠臣として讃えられ、特に皇国史観の下での学校教育において忠臣・児島高徳は絶好の教材となり、その結果、国民的英雄のひとりとなった。
- In and after the Edo period, he was praised as a loyal subject of the Southern Court and especially in regard to education under the Kokuku Shikan (emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto), the loyal subject Takanori KOJIMA created great teaching material, which made him a national hero.
- これによって長岡藩の兵力が減少したのみならず、人夫動員も困難となり河井継之助の長岡城奪還計画は大幅に遅れて、結果的に新政府軍に有利に働くことになる。
- However, the reduced military power of the domain due to this operation made it difficult for the domain to mobilize even its labor force and the plan to recover Nagaoka-jo Castle lead by Tsugunosuke KAWAI was largely delayed, which consequently worked favorably to the new government.
- また、諸藩も安定した平和による軍役の負担の軽減により藩政も安定し、また、寛永の大飢饉を背景に、新田開発が進展し、結果として領内の経済も発展してきた。
- Furthermore, the administration of each domain was stabilized due to the reduced burden of military service in the long-lasting peace, and each domain set out the development of new fields in response to the great famine of the Kanei era, which consequently produced economic growth within the domain.
- そして5月10日に行なわれた第15回衆議院議員総選挙の結果、護憲三派からは286名(憲政会151名。政友会105名。革新倶楽部30名)らが当選する。
- As a result of the 15th general election of the House of Representatives on May 10, 286 candidates were elected to the House from the Goken Sanpa (151 from the Kenseikai Party, 105 from the Seiyukai Party and 30 from the Kakusin Kurabu.)
- 仏教の受容をめぐっては有力氏族である蘇我氏(崇仏派)と物部氏(排仏派)の間に対立があり、ついには武力抗争に突入するが、結果は崇仏派の蘇我氏が勝利した。
- Over the introduction of Buddhism, a conflict between the two influential clans, the Soga clan (pro-Buddhist) and the Mononobe clan (anti-Buddhist), escalated into an armed struggle, and it ended in the pro-Buddhist Soga clan's victory.
- 結果的に大内軍が撤退し、大友軍の勝利ということにはなったが、大友軍も二人の総大将を失い、本軍が崩れていたことから、軍事的には「引き分け」と分類される。
- In the end, the Ouchi army withdrew and the Otomo army won, yet, the battle was a draw in a military sense because the Otomo army also lost its two commanders in chief and the main army was broken up.
- 大蔵館跡(埼玉県指定文化財一覧。平安時代末期の武将源義賢の居館とされているが、発掘調査の結果南北朝時代 (日本)の遺構であると判明。真の館の主は不明)
- Site of Okura-yakata (listed in the designated cultural properties of Saitama Prefecture; this was believed to be the residence of MINAMOTO no Yoshikata who was a warlord living during the late Heian period, but the result of survey by excavation clarified that the remains were from the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan); the actual owner of the residence has yet to be identified.)
- など多数) これは、昭和期に入り旧城下町周辺に急激に新市街地が広がったのに対し、それらの字名を整理しないまま街区名や自治会名をつけていった結果である。
- As shown above, many examples exist, and this is due to the fact that while a new urban area was developed rapidly around the old castle town during the Showa period, city blocks and residents' associations were named without sorting out names of Aza in the old castle town.
- 安政の大獄によって吉田が処刑されると、これを機に長州藩は終始幕府への敵対心をむき出しにし、その結果禁門の変を起こし、二度に渡る幕府からの征討を受けた。
- When YOSHIDA was executed as a result of the Ansei Purge (安政の大獄), the Choshu clan started to clearly indicate its attitude of opposition to Bakufu at all times, which resulted in the Kinmon Rebellion (禁門の変), and twice they were punitively expedited by Bakufu.
- 承和 (日本)10年(843年)、盾列陵で奇異があり、調査の結果、神功皇后陵と成務天皇陵を混同していたことがわかったという記事が『続日本後紀』にある。
- There is a story in 'Shoku Nihon Koki' (Later Chronicle of Japan Continued) that investigation into a strange matter at the tatanami no misasagi revealed in 843 that Mausoleum of Empress Jingu was confounded with Mausoleum of Emperor Seimu.
- 最終的には、反乱勢力同士の対立がありつつも平氏政権の崩壊により源頼朝を中心とした主に坂東平氏から構成される関東政権(鎌倉幕府)の樹立という結果に至る。
- In the end, although there were divisions among the rebel forces, the destruction of the Taira clan government led to the establishment of the Kanto government (Kamakura bakufu) which mainly consisted of the Bando-Taira clan led by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
- この「サモラフ」が平安時代に母音交替を起こしていったん「サムラフ」となり、更に子音交替を起こした結果「サブラフ」という語形が誕生したと考えられている。
- A vowel was replaced in the Heian period that changed 'Samorahu' to 'Samurahu,' and a further consonant change led to the word form, 'mandafu.'
- そしてこの本願寺の東西分裂によって東西本願寺はお互いに対立関係に陥り、結果戦国時代に諸大名を脅かしたような強大な武装宗教勢力としての形を変えていった。
- Then after the separation of Hongan-ji Temple, Higashi-Hongan-ji Temple and Nishii-Hongan-ji Temple came to confront each other, and resultantly, the sect gradually lost the strong armed religious power that had been threatened daimyo in the Sengoku period.
- 金子は、当初「元老院」と仮称していたが、伊藤博文は外国の元老院は選挙による選出だから今回の議院とは性質が異なると否定し、その結果「貴族院」に決定した。
- Kaneko called Kizokuin 'Genroin' (the Chamber of Elders) initially but Ito disagreed with Kaneko because the Chambers of Elders overseas were selected by election and not in the same way as that of Japan; as a result, it was decided to call it as 'Kizokuin' (The House of Peers).
- その結果、本願寺の権力は年々増大し、11世の顕如が門跡(門跡は皇族・貴族が僧籍に入り住職となる際の呼称)になるなど、中央権力との結びつきが強くなった。
- As a result, the Hongan-ji Temple power grew year by year and strengthened a connection with the central authority when the 11th chief priest Kennyo became Monzeki (this title was basically given to the Imperial family and nobility who entered into priesthood and became a chief priest).
- そして、その調査結果をふまえて、建前としての酒造株高ではなく、酒屋に申告させた酒造石高を基準として酒の生産量を三分の一にするようにという法度を発した。
- Based on the investigation results, the bakufu issued an act to reduce sake production to one-third according not to shuzokabu amount which was only a nominal one, but to sake brewing kokudaka breweries had declared.
- 幕府軍の攻撃の結果、天皇をはじめとして倒幕計画に関わった日野俊基・円観などの公家や僧侶が多数、幕府に捕縛され、天皇は翌年隠岐島に流された(元弘の乱)。
- As a result of the attack against the emperor made by the shogunate, the emperor and his followers such as Toshimoto HINO and Enkan were captured, and the following year Emperor Go-Daigo was exiled to Oki Islands (Genko Rebellion).
- 貞観 (日本)13年(871年)に算博士の官位相当が正七位下に引き上げられたのも、算道の隆盛とは正反対の算博士の算道以外の職務が重視された結果であった。
- In 871, in stark contrast to Sando's waning prosperity, the official court rank equivalent to San hakase was raised to Shoshichiinoge (Senior Seventh Rank, Lower Grade), a result of the high regard given to the duties of the San hakase other than Sando.
- また、平家の落人といわれる家系が姻戚関係を結んだ結果間接的な子孫も増えるのは当然なことであるが、そうした間接的な血筋までも平家の落人を称する場合がある。
- Further, as a result of marriage of the descendants of Heike no Ochudo, indirect descendants increased accordingly and such indirect descendants were sometimes called Heike no Ochudo as well.
- 結果、台湾を領有、大韓帝国を韓国併合、満州国を建国、南洋諸島を委任統治とするなど、アジア・オセアニア各地に急速に分布域を広げたために多民族国家となった。
- As a result, Japan became a multiracial nation due to a rapidly expanded range of settlement over various regions of Asia and Oceania, possessing Korea, annexing the Korean Empire, building Manchukuo, and putting the South Sea Islands under mandate.
- 御文庫を擁する上冷泉家が関西の京都に残ったことで、結果として膨大な至宝が関東大震災と東京大空襲から守り抜かれたことは、日本文化史上この上ない僥倖である。
- It is a happy accident of Japanese cultural history that the Kami Reizei family which holds Gobunko remained in Kyoto in Kansai, keeping these great treasures safe from the Great Kanto Earthquake and the bombing of Tokyo.
- 秦氏が現在の淀川の治水工事として茨田堤を築堤する際に協力したとされ、現在の熱田神社が広隆寺に記録が残る河内秦寺(廃寺)の跡だったとされる調査結果もある。
- The Hata clan are thought to have helped construct the Manda Levee as flood prevention works for the present-day Yodo-gawa River, and it has also been shown that the present-day Atsuta-jinja Shrine was built on the site of Kawachi Hata-dera Temple (now ruined) whose written records are preserved in Koryu-ji Temple.
- 最終的には、豊臣秀吉による兵農分離(刀狩)と土地所有確認(太閤検地)の結果、惣村という結合形態は消滅し、江戸時代に続く近世村落が形成していったとされる。
- As a result of heinobunri (a separation of the warrior class in this domain from the soil) (Sword Hunt) and the confirmation of land ownership (Taiko-kenchi (the land survey by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI), which had been implemented by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, the style of connection called the soson finally disappeared, and there emerged early-modern villages that survived in the Edo period.
- その結果三浦居留地は廃止され、通交も大幅な制限を受けることになり、宗氏は偽使の派遣や通交権の対馬集中といった活路を模索することになる(乱の顛末節参照)。
- Consequently, the settlement in Sanpo was closed and the trade was largely restricted, which made the So clan have to seek other possibilities such as the dispatch of gishi (envoys under false names who were sent to Korea in order to evade trading restrictions imposed by Korea) and the concentration of trading rights in Tsushima in order to survive (see the section of the Aftermath of the war).
- 加藤は「夫婦同権の流弊論」(第31号)において、西欧のレディファーストの慣習を取り上げ、これを東洋の人が真似るのは夫婦同権の行き過ぎた結果だと批判した。
- In 'A bad custom of the equal rights between husband and wife' (No.31), Kato mentioned about the custom of lady first in Western Europe and criticized that introducing this custom by Asian people was a result of excessive equal between husband and wife.
- その結果、諸侯の蔵屋敷が大坂に集まるようになり、藩の年貢米・産物を大坂で売却して江戸や領国における政治運営の費用に充てるという構図が形成されるに至った。
- As a result, the feudal lords were encouraged to build a storehouse attached to the residence in Osaka and trade rice and other goods brought from their domains in order to cover their cost of administration in Edo as well as in the respective domains.
- 全国の酒屋たちは彼ら独自のネットワークにより対策を協議した結果、すなおに幕府に対して「これではやっていけません」と正面から窮状を述べて陳情するに至った。
- Breweries throughout the country discussed countermeasures through their own network, and as a result, they claimed to the bakufu that 'we would never survive under such circumstances,' appealing their plight directly and straightforwardly.
- 「韓国併合」というとき、大韓帝国が消滅し、朝鮮が日本の領土となった瞬間的事実だけではなく、併合の結果として朝鮮を領有した継続的事実を含意する場合もある。
- The annexation of Korea refers not only to the momentary fact that the Korean Empire disappeared and Korea became a Japanese territory, but also sometimes refers to the continuous fact that Korea had been occupied as a result of the annexation.
- また京都地方検察庁は公安条例違反による関係者の起訴を考えていたが、関係者を取り調べた結果、条例に違反するような事件は発生していないとみなし立件を断念した。
- The Kyoto District Public Prosecutors Office studied the possibility of prosecuting them for the violation of Public Safety Regulations, but after investigating relevant personnel, it found no violation and gave up prosecution.
- そのため、豊臣方の制止を無視して「だまし討ち的に」内堀まで埋め立てたとする通説は俗説であるが、以上のような経緯が誇大に伝えられた結果と考えることができる。
- Therefore, a popular theory is that the Tokugawa side reclaimed even the uchibori 'in a cheating way', ignoring the determent of the Toyotomi side, however, the theory may have come from the results that the exaggerated above-mentioned process has been passed down
- 実際はより複雑であるが、こういった思想の類型では四大元素など、相互に影響しあって何らかの結果を招くという意味で、この関係性が「相性」という言葉で表された。
- The actual idea is much more complicated; nonetheless, the relationship, in which things, such as four elements, influence each other and this then leads to a consequence, was expressed with a term 'aisho.'
- その結果、直弼の側近だった老中安藤信正および久世広周を罷免するとともに、直弼の失政を理由に京都守護の家職を井伊家から剥奪し、松平容保を京都守護職に宛てた。
- The Shogunate dismissed Nobumasa ANDO and Hirochika KUZE, Senior Councillors of the Shogunate who were also aides of Naosuke, and banned the Ii Family from entering the profession of Kyoto-shugo (Military Governor of Kyoto) on account of Naosuke's misgovernment, while Katamori MATSUDAIRA was promoted to Kyoto-shugo (Military Governor of Kyoto).
- 道長は翻意するよう(形式的に)説得するが敦明親王の意思は固く、結果として後一条天皇の皇太弟である敦良親王(のちの後朱雀天皇)が新たに東宮として立てられる。
- Although Michinaga persuaded Imperial Prince Atsuakira to change his mind (in form), his intention was resolute, and as a result, Imperial Prince Atsunaga (later Emperor Gosuzaku), younger brother of Emperor Goichijo, was named as the new Crown Prince.
- 結果として九鬼の活動した地方では奈良県の4増をはじめ政府系候補が10議席増加し、自由党 (日本)の大物である大井憲太郎を落選に追い込むなどの成果を収めた。
- As a result, the number of seats of government-affiliated candidates increased by ten seats in the areas where Kuki conducted election campaigns, including four seats in Nara, and Kuki also succeeded in making a big-shot politician from the Liberal Party (Japan), Kentaro OI, lose the election.
- その当時、直輝や直温はまだ少年であり、あまり深く関わることはなかったが、父・直英は勤王に傾倒していたため、私財を投じて支援した結果、家計は火の車であった。
- While Naoteru and Naoharu were too young to be involved at the time, their father Naohide was deeply devoted to support the loyalists for Emperor and they were struggling to make ends meet as a result of spending his own funds.
- 結果的にではあるが、横綱勝率10割【1867年(慶応3年)3月7勝2分、同年11月7勝。計14勝2分無敗】という永遠に破られないであろう記録を打ち立てた。
- As Yokozuna, his winning average was 100% (7 wins and 2 draws in March of 1867 and 7 wins in November of the same year, which brings the number of win to 14, draws to 2 and no defeat); so as a result he established a great record which would be never broken.
- それに加え同年2月21日に棚尾村妙福寺で行われた棚尾親民塾開校式において、塾長である光輪寺の高木賢立が行った教育談話がこの事態に拍車をかける結果となった。
- In addition, on February 21, 1871, in the opening ceremony of Tanao Shinmin School in Myofuku-ji Temple, Tanao Village, the educational discourse of Kenryu TAKAGI, a principal of the school, from Korin-ji Temple worsened the situation.
- 明智光秀と上級将校たちは、(結果論として)信長を討つ事で明智軍全体を共犯者に仕立て、軍団員が引くに引けない状況を作り上げることを意図していた可能性もある。
- Mitsuhide AKECHI and his upper officers may have intended by attacking Nobunaga to make the whole Akechi army accomplices and create a situation from which they could not escape.
- しかし、泰時が確立した集団指導体制・明確な法令による司法体制は、個人的な資質などの不安定な要素に左右されることはなく、安定した政治結果を生み出すものだった。
- However, the judicial system by collective leadership system and clear codes established by Yasutoki was not determined by unstable factors such as a personal character, and gave rise to stable political results.
- 長崎貿易の決済には金銀が多用されたが、この結果、日本の国内通貨量のうち金貨の4分の1、銀貨の4分の3が開幕から元禄までの間に海外に流出したと新井は計算した。
- Since a lot of gold and silver were used in the trade between Holland and Japan, Arai estimated that a quarter of gold coins and three quarter of silver coins circulated in Japan went overseas between the beginning of the Edo period to the Genroku era.
- 結果的に、李氏朝鮮外交に翻弄された日本政府は、遂に痺れを切らし、小艦を釜山に派遣し東莱府館員を艦上に招待し発砲演習を見せつけることにより、局面打開を図った。
- The Japanese government was at the mercy of the Joseon Dynasty's diplomacy and they lost their patience at last, so they made a breakthrough; dispatched a small warship to Pusan and invited the members of Toraifu on board to show the shooting exercises.
- そこで秀吉が多くの学識者から意見を聴取した結果、朝廷より源平藤橘(源氏・平氏・藤原氏・橘氏の総称)に匹敵する新姓を賜ることが公明正大であるという結論を得た。
- Then, after consulting many academic experts, Hideyoshi reached a conclusion that it would be justifiable to be granted a newly created honsei (original name) by the Imperial Court, matching the genpeitokitsu (general term of four major honseis : the Minamoto clan, the Taira clan, the Fujiwara clan, and the Tachibana clan).
- 2002年4月に黄砂の発生・飛来地域で行われたエアロゾルの成分分析では、カルシウム鉱物に占める石膏の割合が、東の地域にいくほど増加したという調査結果がある。
- A component analysis of aerosol conducted in April, 2002 at a kosa-producing place and a kosa-falling place showed that the ratio of gypsum included in calcium minerals was larger in more eastern places.
- 庸之助はこれに抵抗するが、地元においても反対派に向けての切り崩し工作が行われた結果、明治32年(1899年)についに県境変更法案が成立するに至ったのである。
- Although Yonosuke resisted this, as a result of the maneuvering to break up the opposing group being also carried out in the local districts, the bill for changing the prefectural border got to pass the Diet at last in 1899
- 16日、後白河の主宰の下に除目が行われた結果、平氏一門が占めていた総計30ヶ国の国司には木曽義仲・源行家らを除いて、ほとんど院近臣が任じられることになった。
- On August 16, as a result of Jimoku that was presided by Goshirakawa, close vassals of the Retired Emperor occupied almost all of the positions of Kokushi (provincial governor) of thirty provinces in total that were occupied by members of the Taira clan with few exceptions including Yoshinaka KISO and MINAMOTO no Yukiie.
- その結果、叡尊と忍性の間に齟齬を来たし、叡尊は忍性が布教に力を入れすぎて学業が疎かになっている(「良観房ハ慈悲ガ過ギタ」(『聴聞集』))と苦言も呈している。
- It led to a contradiction between Eison and Ninsho, and Eison gave a bitter comment about Ninsho putting too much effort into the propagation which made him ignore his studies ('Ryokan-bo wa jihi ga sugita' 'Chobun-shu').
- しかしその後も幕府に対して反抗的な態度を取り続けた為、義満の命令を受けた、阿蘇惟村等の諸大名から攻撃を受け、結果として菊池氏は衰退の一途をたどることとなる。
- However, as he continued to take a defiant attitude against the bakufu (government by shogun), he was attacked by territorial lords including Koremura ASO under orders of Yoshimitsu; as a result, the Kikuchi clan started to go on a path of deterioration.
- 協議の結果、1艘の1,000-1,500トンのキャラック船(武装商船大きなジャンク船やガレオン船の2,3倍の大きさ)に毎年排他的に交易する権利が与えられた。
- As the result of this conference, an armed merchant ship of 1,000 to 1,500 tons was given exclusive rights to trade each year (an armed merchant ship was 2 to 3 times as large as junk or galleon ships).
- これは一気に膨れあがった雑多な形式を抱え、それらの今後の処遇や、輸送計画を練るのに手一杯で、機関車の新製にまで手が回らなかった結果ではないかと想像されている。
- It is imagined that this is because the bureau was so tied up with dealing with the existing locomotives in various forms that swelled in a short period that it was not able to create new locomotive.
- 一族や家臣と合議した結果、叔父の伊集院新右衛門は旧領の安堵を請うべきとしたが、元・紀州根来寺の僧で、広済寺住職となっていた客将の白石永仙は徹底抗戦を主張した。
- After discussions with his family and vassals, his uncle Shinemon IJUIN argued that they should secure their lands, but the visiting warrior, Eisen SHIRAISHI, who had been a monk at Kishu (the present-day Wakayama Prefecture) Negoro-ji Temple and was the head monk at Kosai-ji Temple, asserted that they should resist to the last.
- 狭い川中島を巡る局地戦で、信玄と謙信が兵力と10年以上の時間を浪費したため、いたずらに信長の台頭を許す結果になったと、古来、多くの論者がこの戦いを評している。
- From old times, many pundits have evaluated this battle in the following way: Shingen and Kenshin consumed lots of forces and the time of more than ten years in local battles over the control of the narrow Kawanakajima area, unnecessarily allowing Nobunaga to gain dominant power.
- 以上から判るとおり、裁判結果が決して一方の主張に偏ることなく、特定の権力者の意向が反映しないよう、透明性と公平性が確保されたシステムが構築されていたのである。
- As explained above, the system ensured transparency and fairness in order to prevent the outcome of a trial to be one-sided or to reflect the inclinations of a particular influential individual.
- これは津田を死刑にしなかった場合必ずロシアによる日本本土攻撃を招き、その結果日本の敗北・滅亡となると危惧した西郷の強い憂国ゆえの勇み足であったと言われている。
- It is believed that he was overeager because he was strongly concerned that if Tsuda was not sentenced to death, Russia was highly likely to attack on Japan's mainland to defeat and destroy Japan.
- 前者は一定の成果を上げたものの、後者は結果的に旧佐幕派勢力の復権を招き、佐々木・斎藤も板垣と同類(新政府を作った裏切者)として糾弾されたために失敗に終わった。
- His efforts to undermine ITAGAKI achieved some of the results; however, attempts to organize the anti- ITAGAKI force failed since they prompted the reinstatement of former Sabaku-ha (supporters of the Shogun) and SASAKI and SAITOU were regarded as ITAGAKI's allies (as betrayers who helped to establish the new government) and accused.
- 別人の作説 安本美典 文部省(現文部科学省)の統計数理研究所(「雲隠」までと宇治十帖の名詞と助動詞 (国文法)の使用頻度が明らかに異なるという研究結果による)
- A conjecture of different authorship presented by Biten YASUMOTO, based on the study conducted by the Institution of Statistical Mathematics in the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (the present Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology), revealing that the frequency in the use of nouns and auxiliary verbs is different between the chapters before 'Kumogakure' and 'Ten Quires of Uji'.
- 帰国後の南条氏は、毛利氏に属したままだった八橋城回復のため奔走、尾高城の奪還を目指す行松氏を支援するなどした結果、天正13年の春には念願の八橋城回復に成功した。
- Back home, the Nanjo clan made a great effort to recover Yabase-jo Castle, which was still in the territories of the Mori clan, and supported the Yukimatsu clan who were aimed at recovering Odaka-jo Castle, resulting in successfully recovering the long-sought Yabase-jo Castle by the spring of 1585.
- この結果に激怒した信長は勝手に軍を動かした信雄に激怒し絶縁すると脅して諫める一方、2年後の天正9年(1581年)には自らおよそ4万の兵を率いて伊賀に攻め込んだ。
- Nobunaga who was furious at this outcome raged at Nobuo who had moved army without permission and admonished him suggesting breakup of their relationship, but after two years, in 1581, he invaded into Iga Province himself leading about 40,000 soldiers.
- 近代以後、日本の中国思想研究は、哲学(西欧の哲学)を模倣する必要に迫られた結果、朱子学の思弁的側面を強調し、これを以て哲学と比較可能であると見なすようになった。
- In the modern era, Japanese scholars of Chinese ideology have been required to follow philosophy (Western philosophy), and have therefore emphasized the speculative side of Shushigaku and considered it as comparable with the philosophy.
- これにより、結果的に先に亡くなった厩戸皇子より長生きした大王からは後継者に明確に指定はされなかったものの、蘇我氏の力を背景に629年(舒明天皇元年)に即位した。
- Therefore, backed by the power of the Soga clan, he acceded to the throne in 629 although he had not been officially assigned by the okimi (great king), who outlived the Imperial Prince Umayado, who consequently died earlier than the okimi.
- 平氏一門は保元の乱の結果、清盛が播磨守、平頼盛が安芸守、平教盛が淡路守、平経盛が常陸介となり兄弟で四ヶ国の受領を占めるなど、その実力は無視できないものがあった。
- The end result of the Hogen Rebellion was favorable to the Taira clan, with Kiyomori made governor of Harima Province and TAIRA no Yorimori governor of Aki Province, TAIRA no Norimori governor of Awaji Province, and TAIRA no Tsunemori assistant governor of Hitachi Province; the Taira's power and influence, what with a single set of brothers now controlling four provinces, could no longer be ignored.
- この結果、10世紀後半の貴族社会において、承平天慶の乱の勲功者とその子孫たちは軍事に特化した家系、すなわち兵の家(つわもののいえ)として認知されるようになった。
- As a result, in aristocratic society of the later half of the 10th century, Johei Tengyo kunkosha and their descendants became known as families specialized in military affairs called tsuwamono-no-ie.
- これが真に猪俣の独断であるならば、氏直・氏政の監督不行き届きが招いた結果であり、穏健派の氏規と中間派の氏直、主戦派の氏政・氏照・氏邦の対立が表面化したと言える。
- If this incident was indeed caused only by Inomata, it was a result of a lack of supervision by Ujinao and Ujimasa, and it can be said that the confrontation among moderate Ujinori, center Ujinao and pro-war Ujimasa, Ujiaki and Ujikuni surfaced through this incident.
- 家臣への知行割も事実上の給米制とし検地の結果を農民に公開した上で実収に伴った年貢を徴収して負担を少なくするといった善政を布き、意外な地方巧者ぶりを発揮している。
- He proved himself as a surprisingly good local governor; he had in place a system of paying the salary rice to his vassals instead of allotting them fiefs (chigyo-wari), and reduced the burden of the peasants by disclosing the result of the land surveys, and collecting nengu (land tax) accordingly.
- その結果、葛飾郡東部一帯を支配下に置き、天文_(元号)17年(1548年)に中山法華経寺に対しても「守護不入」の証文を発給するなど地元領主としての基盤を固めた。
- As a result, he had the eastern part of the Katsushika district under his control, and in 1548, he issued a deed to 'prohibit Shugo (governors) to enter (his) territory' to Nakayama Hokekyo-ji Temple to strengthen his foundation as the local feudal lord.
- これにより安土桃山時代に3千近くもあったといわれる城が約170まで激減し(陣屋を含めると約300)、結果として家臣団や領民の城下町集住が一層進んだとされている。
- As a result, the number of castles which were said nearly as many as 3,000 in the Azuchi Momoyama period dropped sharply to about 170 (about 300 when regional government offices included), and consequently, grouped housing of vassals and domain people in castle towns progressed more.
- だが、『日本書紀』によれば、法隆寺は670年に一度焼亡しており、現存する同寺の伽藍はその後(7世紀末頃)の再建であることは発掘調査の結果等からも定説となっている。
- However, according to Nihonshoki, Horyu-ji Temple burned down in A.D. 670 and the existing Saiin Garan was reconstructed later (around the end of the seventh century), and this depiction is now widely accepted, partly because the excavation and research proved the truth of the depiction.
- その後も二国間はまだ交戦していたが、天文 (元号)7年(1538年)に室町幕府第12代将軍・足利義晴の仲介を受けて和睦し、結果、大内義隆による九州平定は頓挫した。
- Thereafter, the two camps still fought against each other, but in 1538, they finally made peace through the mediation of the twelfth shogun of the Muromachi bakufu, Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA -- As a result, the subjugation of northern Kyushu by Yoshitaka OUCHI met with a hitch.
- 2004年7月滑川町で合併の枠組みを問う住民投票を行った結果、東松山市・吉見町を含む8市町村で合併が過半数を占めたために滑川町は比企地域3町3村合併協議会から離脱
- July 2004: Withdrawal by Namegawa-machi from the Hiki Area Council for Merger of Three Towns and Three Villages due to support by the majority of citizens for the merger of eight cities, towns and villages including Higashimatsuyama City and Yoshimi-machi, as a result of plebiscite on the framework of the merger conducted in Namegawa-machi
- そして、大東亜戦争(太平洋戦争)においてその動きは最高潮に達し、「神州不滅」の主張の元に玉砕・神風特攻隊・本土決戦などが横行して多くの人命が失われる結果となった。
- The movement reached it's pinnacle in the Greater East Asia (Asian) War (the Pacific War), it caused the death of many people from Kamikaze suicide attacks (suicide corps), homeland defense war (the Hondo Kessen) under the belief of 'Shinshu Fumetsu' (the Immortal Divine Land).
- 政府は協議の結果、大久保が生前に鹿児島県庁に学校費として寄付した8,000円を回収し、さらに8,000円の募金を集めてこの1万6,000円で遺族を養うことにした。
- As the result of a conference, the government recovered 8,000 yen which he had contributed to the Kagoshima prefectural government when he was alive and raised another 8,000 yen, deciding to support his bereaved family with this 16,000 yen.
- 結果的に久光ら3侯が慶喜(幕府)側に譲歩し鎖港方針に合意したものの、両者の不和は解消されず、参預会議は機能不全に陥り解体、薩摩藩の推進した公武合体運動は頓挫する。
- In the end, the three Marquises including Hisamitsu conceded to Yoshinobu (bakufu) and agreed to the foreign ship exclusion policy from Yokohama port, but the discord between both parties was not settled, and the council of Sanyo did not work well and was disorganized, leading to the setback of Kobu Gattai movement.
- 同月23、24日の2日間に及んだ朝議の結果は、2問題を同時に勅許するというものだったが、長州処分の具体的内容は不明確なままであり、慶喜の意向が強く反映されていた。
- As the result of Chogi which were held for two days of July 1 and 2, it was decided to give an imperial sanction for these two problems at the same time, but the content of decision regarding the punishment of the Choshu domain was not clear, strongly reflecting the intent of Yoshinobu.
- 結果、日蓮門下の日印(彼の弟子が日静、孫弟子が日陣(法華宗陣門流)と日伝 (曖昧さ回避)(日蓮宗六条門流))が諸宗をことごとく論破し、題目宗の布教を高時は許した。
- Result was that disciple of Nichiren, Nichiin (Nichiin's disciple was Nichijo, and second-generation pupils were Nichijin [Jinmon lineage of Hokke sect] and Nichiden [Nichiren sect Rokujo monryu] [the Rokujo Lineage]) defeated Shoshu in all arguments therefore Takatoki permitted propagation of Daimoku sect (Nichiren sect).
- 政元は次期将軍として堀越公方・足利政知の子・香厳院清晃(足利義澄)を推挙するが、日野富子の後押しの結果、足利義視の子・足利義稙(のち義稙)が10代将軍に就任する。
- Masamoto recommended Kogen-In Seiko (Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA), a son of the Horikoshi Kubo, Masatomo ASHIKAGA, as the next shogun but, as a result of support by Tomiko HINO, Yoshiki ASHIKAGA (later called Yoshitane), a son of Yoshimi ASHIKAGA, became the 10th shogun.
- これらの結果、1928年(昭和3年)には従五位に列せられ、1933年(昭和8年)には山口藤次郎の手による伝記が刊行されたが、あくまで本草学者としての評価であった。
- As a result of these he was ranked Jugoi (Junior Fifth Rank) in 1928 and his biography by Tojiro YAMAGUCHI was published in 1933; however he was evaluated only as a scholar of herbalism.
- その結果、平和主義や一揆の禁止などを説きながらも、教団を守るために一向一揆を組織し、更には守護などの世俗権力との連携をするという難しい選択に迫られることになった。
- As a result, on one hand he preached pacifism and the prohibition of uprisings, but on the other hand he had to make a hard decision to organize the Ikko-Ikki army to protect the religious community and furthermore to receive the cooperation from the secular powers such as provincial governors.
- 法隆寺西院伽藍は、かつては聖徳太子の時代の建築と信じられていたが、近代における研究の進展の結果、670年の火災以後、7世紀末から8世紀初めの再建と考えられている。
- Saiin Garan of Horyu-ji Temple was once believed to have been built in the age of Prince Shotoku, but it is now considered, thanks to the development of research in the modern times, that the complex was destroyed by fire in 670 and rebuilt sometime between the late seventh and early eighth century.
- この梅北一揆はもともと遅れ気味であった島津氏の文禄の役参陣をさらに遅らせてしまう結果となり、島津義弘をもってして「日本一の遅陣」と言わしめるほどの失態につながった。
- Umekita ikki caused the further delay in sending of troops from the Shimazu clan that was already late in the Bunroku Campaign, as Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, the head of the Shimazu clan, recognized it as 'the slowest dispatch of troops in the country.'
- 更に検非違使が徴税に関する業務を行うことがあったことから、検非違使の不入を求める動きも現れ、結果的には検非違使本来の業務である警察権の排除にも発展するようになった。
- In addition, because kebiishi sometimes worked to collect taxes, a movement to keep kebiishi from entering shoen also arose and this led to the elimination of their policing rights, which was the actual task of kebiishi.
- 臨時陵墓調査委員会(1935年-1944年)で審議の結果、桓武天皇や安徳天皇など埋葬地以外が陵に治定されている前例を踏まえ、その跡地を整備、陵墓参考地に指定された。
- The site of Keijuin Temple was arranged and designated as a referable mausoleum according to the discussion in the extraordinary investigation committee of the Imperial mausoleums and tombs (1935 – 1944), which followed the examples of designated mausoleums that were not located where the dead were buried, such as those of Emperor Kanmu and Emperor Antoku.
- その結果、宋代の荘園の内実は零細な土地片の集積を便宜上荘園としているに過ぎず、地主と佃戸は自由人間の契約関係に基づく小作制度によって経営されていたとするものである。
- As a result, shoens during the Sung dynasty, in fact, just regarded the collection of small lands as shoens for convenience and the owners and the denkos established contractual relationships as free men and based on it, shoens were managed by the tenancy system.
- 頼盛の地位は安定したかに見えたが、法住寺合戦を前に京都から逃亡したことや鎌倉の厚遇を受けたことは、院近臣からの反発を招く結果となり、朝廷内で孤立化したと推測される。
- Although it would appear that Yorimori's position had become stable, it is presumed that he had become isolated in the Imperial Court in view of the fact that he abandoned the capital prior to the outbreak of the Battle of Hoju-ji Temple, and accepted hospitable treatment in Kamakura, provoking the antipathy of Goshirakawa in no kinshin.
- ところが、幕府では道誉の普段の行状に批判的であった足利直義でさえも道誉を弁護して朝廷の命令を拒否、結果的に道誉父子は上総国に配流となるが、その後幕政に復帰している。
- However, even Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA, who had frequently been critical of Doyo, came to his defense, rejecting the Imperial order; as a result, Doyo and Hidetsuna were banished to Kazusa Province, but soon returned to the shogunate.
- 大衆の行動は興福寺の平氏に対する敵意の大きさを物語る出来事だが、結果的に興福寺攻撃に対する公卿たちの反対を封じ込め、興福寺への大軍派遣の大義名分を与える事になった。
- Actions of Daishu revealed the incident which showed the magnitude of hostility of Kofuku-ji Temple to the Taira clan, but consequently, contained opposition to Kofuku-ji Temple attack by Court nobles and gave a legitimate reason to dispatch large force to Kofuku-ji Temple.
- 表向きは健康上の問題によるとされたが、山縣有朋が「事件は社会主義者に対する融和の結果発生した。これは西園寺内閣の失策である」と奏上したのが直接の原因といわれている。
- The official reason of the resignation was Saionji's failing health, but it is said that the direct cause of the resignation was Arimoto YAMAGATA's report to the Emperor that said 'The incident occurred as a result of a move to reconcile with socialists by the Saionji's cabinet, so it was a blunder by the cabinet.'
- その結果、西郷や板垣らの征韓派は一斉に下野(征韓論政変または明治六年政変)し、1874年の佐賀の乱から1877年の西南戦争に至る士族反乱や自由民権運動の起点となった。
- In consequence, Saigo, Itagaki and others who supported Seikanron went into opposition (this incident is called the 'Seikanron Coup' or the 'Coup of 1873'), and they became leaders of the revolt by Shizoku (family or person with samurai ancestors) from Saga War in 1874 to Satsuma Rebellion or the Freedom and People's Right Movement.
- この結果、朱子学とその派生形態である陽明学の中にある、思弁的側面に集中的に研究が加えられ、或はその思弁的側面こそが朱子学ないし陽明学の特徴であると考えられるに至った。
- As a result, the speculative sides of Shushigaku and its derivative Yomeigaku have been intensively studied and these speculative sides are considered to characterize Shushigaku and Yomeigaku.
- 政治的才能には長けていたが、それでも応仁の乱を勃発させて国人層の台頭を招くなど、結果として戦国時代の幕を開くことになった張本人の一人であることは間違いない人物である。
- Although he had high political skills, he was undoubtedly one of the people who started the Onin War, triggered the rise of local samurais and ultimately started the he Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) as a result.
- 帰国後は征韓論論争において、西郷隆盛を大使として朝鮮に派遣する案に反対して辞意を表明し、その後西郷の派遣を無期延期させた(その結果、西郷は参議・近衛都督を辞職した)。
- After returning to Japan, over the Seikan-ron (debate over conquering Korea), he opposed the idea of dispatching Takamori SAIGO to Korea as an ambassador and then postponed the dispatch indefinitely (as a result, Takamori resigned as Sangi (Royal Advisor) and Konoe-totoku (Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Guard)).
- また、倭国に人質として派遣されたことがそもそも百済国内での政争に敗れた結果であったため、百済の遺民や復興軍の将帥たちのなかにも扶余豊(扶余豊璋)に対する侮蔑があった。
- Since Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO) had been sent to Wakoku as a consequence of losing a political strife in Baekje, generals of the Baekje revival army and people left behind in Baekje had contempt for him.
- 秋田城についてはこれらの機能に加えて渤海 (国)等の外国使節の饗応や北方諸民族との交易の場が設定されていたのではないかとする見解が、発掘結果等を踏まえて出されている。
- Given the excavated materials, it is viewed that Akita-jo Castle served as a site to entertain foreign envoys from countries such as Bokkai, or Bohai, and to trade with the northern peoples, in addition to the functions described above.
- その結果、ドイツの憲法体制が最も日本に適すると信ずるに至った(ただし、伊藤はドイツの方式を過度に評価する井上毅を嗜めるなど、そのままの移入を考慮していたわけではない)。
- After the study, Ito believed that the German constitution was the most suitable to model after for Japan's constitution (But Ito reproved Kowashi INOUE who overvalued German system, and thought that they could not introduce German constitution as it was.)
- それに続き、若嶌權四郎の後継者とされていた23代横綱大木戸森右エ門の横綱免許取得を巡る対立から、五条家頼みの綱である大阪相撲と吉田司家との間に亀裂を招く結果をも招いた。
- In addition to that, the conflict over the yokozuna license acquisition by Yokozuna Moriemon OKIDO, the twenty-third, who was supposed to be the successor to Gonshiro WAKASHIMA, resulted in a rift between the Yoshida Tsukasa family and the Gojo family's last hope, the Osaka zumo.
- また、醍醐天皇と打ち合わせをして、わざと華美な装束で参内して、天皇の怒りを買い、退出、邸に閉じこもって誰とも面会しなかった結果世の贅沢が治まったという逸話も有名である。
- As another story goes, prearranged with Emperor Daigo, Tokihira deliberately wore opulent clothing for an audience with the Emperor, thereby incurring his wrath, at which point Tokihira shut himself away in his residence and refused to see anyone, thus discouraging the desire for luxury among the people.
- しかし、保科正之(上杉綱勝の岳父)の斡旋を受け、長男三之助を上杉家の養子(のち上杉綱憲)とした結果、上杉家は改易を免れ、30万石から15万石への減知で危機を収束させた。
- However, due to the good offices of Masayuki HOSHINA (father-in-law of Tsunakatsu UESUGI), the eldest son, Sannosuke (later known as Tsunanori UESUGI), was adopted by the Uesugi family, and therefore the Uesugi family was able to avoid the crisis, but ultimately its fief was decreased from 300,000 to 150,000.
- 実家では義兄(姉の夫)、中学校の舎監・体操教員であった清原猛雄に「お前は透視ができる人間だ」との催眠術をかけられたところ、優れた結果が出たため修練を続けることとなった。
- In the family house, her brother-in-law (her older sister's husband) Takeo KIYOHARA, a shakan (dormitory dean) and PE teacher, mesmerized her, saying: 'You have the power of toshi [clairvoyance],' and tested her, which brought forth such good results that he continued her training.
- 7月16日条約改正交渉の結果、領事裁判権を廃止する日英通商航海条約調印を経て、20日大鳥公使は朝鮮政府に清軍の撤退と朝清間の条約廃棄を3日間の期限で回答するよう通告した。
- After the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation was signed on July 16 as the result of negotiation over treaty revisions to do away with consular jurisdiction right, Minister Oshima gave notice to the Korean government requesting the withdrawal of Qing troops and the denunciation of Sino-Korean treaties with a response demanded within three days.
- 結果として発表時の4割程度の支出に留まり、米価格の下落には至らず、1918年末には米騒動当時の価格まで上昇したが、国民の実質収入増加によって騒動が再発することはなかった。
- As only about 40 percent of the announced budget were eventually spent, the rice price did not drop but rose to the price during the rice riots in the end of 1918, but riots never occurred any more since people's actual income had increased.
- この結果、寛永年間以後は摂関政治の時代ですら建前上決定に参与出来なかった朝議を摂政・関白が主宰し、清華家以下の公家は大臣であっても参加権・発言権が剥奪されるようになった。
- As a result, after the Kan-ei period the regent and chief advisor to the Emperor presided over the Imperial Court's decision that the regent and chief advisor to the Emperor were, as a general rule, not able to participate, even in the period of the Sekkan (regent to the Emperor) government; thus any court noble who was from the Seiga Family or another family of lower position would be deprived of the rights of participation and speaking, even if the court noble was a minister.
- しかしながら、近年になって真宗大谷派が「教如は家康にそそのかされて東本願寺を設立したのではなく、元々独立志向があった」とする見解を史学研究の結果として正式に表明している。
- However, recently, the Otani group of the Shinshu sect has officially expressed, as a result of historical study, the viewpoint that Kyonyo did not establish Higashi-Hongan-ji Temple by being enticed by Ieyasu but had originally the intention of independence.
- 下道主を造東大寺司から造石山寺所に呼び寄せる際には、一旦は雄足の要求が造東大寺司政所に拒否されたにも関わらず、結果的には、雄足の要求どおり道主は造石山寺所に勤務している。
- When he called Shimonomichinushi to Office of Ishiyama-dera Temple Construction from Office of Todai-ji Temple Construction, although his request was once turned down by Mandokoro of Office of Todai-ji Temple Construction, as a result Shimonomichinushi worked for Office of Ishiyama-dera Temple Construction at his request.
- なお、東北・北海道地方では、石鏃からアスファルトが検出される場合も多く、秋田県の油田から湧出する天然アスファルトが交易の結果、北日本一帯に流通していたことが判明している。
- Moreover, asphalt was often detected on Sekizoku pieces found in the Tohoku and Hokkaido regions; thus, natural asphalt from oil mines in the Akita Prefecture is thought to be distributed throughout northern Japan by trade.
- また招いた結果が国権を喪失し植民地支配に陥ったという重大事態であるので「騙されたとしても、騙された事に対する責任がある。」とする厳しい意見も南北朝鮮を中心に存在している。
- There are some barbed criticism in North and South Korea saying 'Even if they were betrayed, they were still responsible for being betrayed' considering that the serious result that the group brought was the loss of the sovereignty and to fall under colonial rule.
- 「自家優先主義」との批判もあるが、これにより結果的には260年以上続く長期安定政権の基盤を確立し、「天下泰平」という日本語が生まれるほどの相対的平和状態を日本にもたらした。
- Although being criticized for the 'favoritism to relatives,' it resulted in establishing the basis for the long-term stable government which lasted more than 260 years, and in bringing about such a relatively peaceful state in Japan as a set phrase, 'Tenkataihei' (the peaceful and tranquil world), coined.
- この結果、平氏軍は関東政権軍へ瀬戸内海の制海権を明け渡すこととなり、熊野別当湛増が率いる熊野水軍や,河野通信らの水軍を始めとする中国・四国の武士が続々と鎌倉政権へ味方した。
- As a result, the Taira clan forces gave the command of the Seto Inland Sea to the Kanto government forces and Chugoku, Shikoku region bushi such as the Kumano Navy led by Kumano Betto Tanzo and Michinobu KONO's navy started to take the Kamakura government's side.
- 結果的に数年間の抵抗の末、浅井・朝倉連合は織田氏に敗北し、1573年、織田軍の猛攻を受けた久政は、小谷城京極丸にて自害し、長政もやがて自刃し戦国大名浅井氏は三代で終幕した。
- As a result of a struggle over several years, the alliance of the Azai and the Asakura was defeated by the Oda clan, and in 1573, Hisamasa killed himself in the Kyogokumaru section inside Odani-jo Castle due to fierce attacks from the Oda army while Nagamasa soon fell on his sword, which resulted in putting an end to the Azai family as a feudal lord in just three generations.
- 結果的にこの選挙での投票はかなわなかったものの、自由民権運動と結びつき、1880年9月20日に政府より区町村会法が発布され、区町村会選挙規則制定権が各区町村会で認められた。
- She, after all, could not vote in the election, however, her action was jointed to the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, and on September 20, 1880, Kuchsonkai ho (the law of municipal assembly) was issued, which gave each Kuchsonkai (municipal assembly) the right to make rules of its own election.
- 近代的な欧米の法体系が流入して「法律(法体系)の一元化」が求められた結果、全く同趣旨の法令でありながら官吏向けの法令と一般向けの高札が並存するのは明らかに異質であったこと。
- The inflow of a modern European judicial system promoted the 'unification of the law (legal system),' therefore it was obviously an awkward situation that two variants of a single code co-existed in a government official version and in Kosatsu version for general public;
- その結果によると、全三十巻のうち巻一・二の神代紀と巻二十八・二十九・三十の天武天皇・持統天皇紀の実録的な部分を除いた後の二十五巻は、大別して二つに分けられるといわれている。
- According to those researches, the 25 volumes, that is, the rest of the total 30 volumes from which Jindaiki (Records of the period of the gods) in the first and second volume and the authentic records of the section of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jito in the 28th, 29th and 30th volumes are excluded, are roughly classified into the two categories.
- この頃にはロシアの進出などの国際的状況においてイギリスの外交姿勢は軟化を示していたが、1891年(明治24年)の大津事件で青木が辞任に追い込まれた結果、中断を余儀なくされた。
- This time the diplomatic attitude of England was softened under the international circumstances such as the advance of Russia, but AOKI was forced to resign due to the Otsu Incident in 1891 and the negotiation was interrupted.
- この戦いで薩長側が掲げた錦の御旗に動揺した幕府軍は大敗したばかりでなく「朝敵」としての汚名を受ける事になり、崩壊が時間の問題であった新政府を結果的には救ってしまう事になった。
- The Shogunate army, unnerved by the Imperial standards used by the Satsuma forces, not only suffered a crushing defeat but were also labeled as the Emperor's enemy, despite in the end being the ones who saved the new Imperial government whose days were already numbered.
- しかし、現地での実際においては、地頭は風水害など様々な理由をつけ、年貢を押領することも多く、領主との紛争は訴訟だけでは解決できず、訴訟の結果も実効性を持たないことも多かった。
- At local shoen, however, jito often embezzled nengu on the pretext of natural disasters etc. and many of these disputes couldn't be resolved through litigations alone or the results of litigations were virtually ineffective.
- ワシントン軍縮条約の結果主力艦の保有比率が対英米6割と希望の7割より低く抑えられたことに憤激する将官達に向かって、「でも訓練には比率も制限もないでしょう」と諭したと言われる。
- The agreement of the Disarmament Washington Naval Treaty that a 10:6 tonnage ratio of capital ships, being cut down from a 10:7 ratio which Japan contended, between the navies of the United States and Great Britain and Japan drove generals exasperation, but Togo is said to have urged them by saying that 'there was neither ratio nor limit in skill-up training.'
- なお、鎮圧にあたって有力庄屋層が、解放令が「五万日の日延べ」となったと号令を出し、当時、法教育を受けていない農民を納得させ、結果的に、解放令の発効を認めなかった地方もあった。
- In the meantime, lot of influential shoya (village headman) satisfied farmers who were not given any legal education at that time through issuing a command that Kaiho Rei was made '5 man nichi no hinobe (to take effect after 50,000 days)' in order to repress, and, as a result, the enforcement of Kaiho Rei was not acknowledged in some provinces.
- (2)古都奈良の文化財は日本建築と日本美術の進化のひときわ優れた証拠性を有しており、それらは中国と朝鮮との文化的つながりの結果であり後世の発展に重要な影響を与えることになった。
- 2. Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara is exceptionally useful evidence of the development of Japanese Architecture and Art and the result of cultural ties among Japan, China, and Korea; it had the important influence on the development which took place in later years.
- これは、この年に豊臣秀吉が内大臣に昇進した事をきっかけとした人事抗争であるが、結果的に当事者の二人を差し置いて秀吉が関白に就任する事になり、豊臣政権にとっては大きな画期となる。
- This was a personnel feud that had arisen from Hideyoshi HASHIBA's promotion to Naidaijin (Inner Minister) in the same year, but, as a matter of fact, Hideyoshi was appointed as Kanpaku before those two people; this marked a turning point for the establishment of the Toyotomi administration.
- また2階には多数の尊王派(大山巌・西郷従道・三島通庸・篠原国幹・永山弥一郎など)がいたが、大山綱良らが刀を捨てて飛び込み必死の説得を行った結果、残りの尊王派志士たちは投降した。
- Still, many members of the royalists (Iwao OYAMA, Tsugumichi SAIGO, Michitsune MISHIMA, Kunimoto SHINOHARA, and Yaichiro NAGAYAMA) stayed upstairs, but after Tsunayoshi OYAMA dropped his sword and burst into the room in a desperate attempt to persuade them, the rest of the devoted members in the royalists surrendered.
- 主に西国武士を率いて平氏を滅亡させた義経の多大な戦功は、恩賞を求めて頼朝に従っている東国武士達の戦功の機会を奪う結果になり、鎌倉政権の基盤となる東国御家人達の不満を噴出させた。
- Yoshitsune's remarkable military contributions in defeating the Taira clan were mainly achieved with the participation of the Saigoku (western Japan) warriors, and this lead to a deprivation of Togoku (eastern Japan) warriors' opportunities to render distinguished services, and consequently, provoked the discontent of the lower-ranking vassals (gokenin) of eastern Japan.
- だが、開国の反動から攘夷鎖国への傾向が出てきたことを背景に、1863年(文久3年)から、幕府は同法令の本格施行を強め、その結果、生糸輸出が減少するなど次第に実効が現れていった。
- However, supported by the trend toward expulsion of foreigners and national isolation arising in reaction to the opening of Japan to the world, the bakufu promoted full-fledged enforcement of the law from 1863, and as a result it began to produce material results slowly such as the decreased exports of raw silk thread.
- このダムは鉱毒対策を目的の中に入れていなかったが、参議院議員近藤英一郎(当時)が商工委員会で質問を行った結果、このダムについては「水質保全に特に留意」することとされた経緯がある。
- This dam had not been for controlling mining pollution, however, after Eiichiro KONDO, a member of the House of Councilors (at that time) enquired at the committee of commerce and industry, it was concluded that 'it is especially important to keep water quality of this dam.'
- 小荷駄の規模は遠征か防衛か、移動時・戦地における現地調達(収奪、買い上げ)の容易さ、動員兵力の規模、要員として動員される領民の状態など様々な要素を鑑みた結果、決定され編成される。
- The size of konida was decided and organized as a result of weighing various factors such as whether the battle was an expedition or a defense, ease of delivering the goods during transfer as well as at the battleground (either by confiscation or by purchase), size of the mobilized army, condition of the people of the domain mobilized as troop members.
- なお、結果的に梯子を外された形となった後藤象二郎直系を中心とした集団は国民自由党を結成して吏党に転じるが、第1回総選挙で5議席しか獲得できなかったためにほとんど影響力は無かった。
- In the meantime, Shojiro GOTO and his followers consequently lost support and organized Kokumin Liberal Party (National Liberal Party), which turned into a government-leaning party; however, they could gain only five parliamentary seats in the first general election, which barely bestowed them much political clout.
- 百姓、すなわち田堵負名層は公領に属する者と荘園に属する者に分かれ、荘園公領間の武力抗争の当事者となった結果、前期王朝国家に見られたような一国単位に結集する闘争形態は急速に消滅した。
- Hyakusho, i.e., the tato and fumyo class, was separated into hyakusho belonging to koryo and hyakusho belonging to shoen, and became parties of armed conflicts between shoen and koryo and as a result, the conflict forms observed in the early dynastic nation-state in which people gathered country by country disappeared rapidly.
- そして、江戸のように全く新しくあるいはそれに近い都市改造の結果誕生した都市では、初期段階において領主への国役などの負担と引換に新設された町屋敷地を拝領する方式が取られた地域もある。
- In some cities - newborn ones and renewed ones - such as Edo, residents offered 'kuniyaku' (public duties) to the feudal lord at the early stage of the city development, and in exchange, they received the land of the town's residential area that was newly developed.
- しかし顧問団が戊辰戦争で箱館戦争し敗戦の結果に終わり、ヨーロッパで普仏戦争にプロイセン(ドイツ)が勝利したこともあってか、明治新政府は軍制を転換しドイツから顧問団を招くこととした。
- However, because the efforts of this advisory group ended in defeat at the battle of Hakodate during the Boshin War, and perhaps also because Prussia (Germany) won the Franco-Prussian War, the new Meiji government overturned its military system and decided to invite an advisory group from Germany.
- 結果として諸国列強に押し切られる形で滝善三郎という1人の命を代償として問題を解決する形にはなったが、これ以降、明治政府が対外政策に当たる正当な政府であるということを諸外国に示した。
- Consequently the matter was solved by sacrificing the life of a man, Zenzaburo TAKI, under the pressure by the powerful countries, but the Meiji government appealed to them its legitimacy as a government in charge of the diplomatic policy after that.
- こうした結果、朝鮮半島で流行していた伝染病が予防され、農地の開発等により食糧生産が増加(併合当初米の生産量が約1千万石 (単位)であったものが、20年後には2千万石へと倍増)した。
- As a result, the infectious disease that was spread in the Korean Peninsula was prevented, and food production increased (the rice production at the time of the annexation was about 10 million koku [crop yield], which increased to 20 million koku 20 years later) due to development of agricultural land.
- 井上内親王の光仁天皇呪詛事件は、山部親王の立太子をもくろむ藤原良継や藤原百川ら藤原式家一派の陰謀だと(あるいは彼らの政治的圧力によって内親王が追い詰められた結果とも)いう説がある。
- There is a theory which states that the incident of Imperial Princess Inoe's curse on Emperor Konin was a plot of the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan, such as FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and FUJIWARA no Momokawa, who attempted to install Imperial Prince Yamanobe as the Crown Prince (or that the Imperial Princess was brought to bay by their political power).
- 上横手雅敬は鎌倉幕府編纂である『吾妻鏡』に疑問を呈し、義経の無断任官問題が老獪な後白河が義経を利用して頼朝との離反を計り、義経がそれに乗せられた結果であるとする通説を批判している。
- Masataka UWAYOKOTE poses a question on the credibility of 'Azuma Kagami' elaborated by the Kamakura bakufu, and he opposed to the common theory, that is, Yoshitsune's acceptance of the title without his brother's permission was a result of an evil design of Goshirakawa, and with this strategy he tried to divide Yoshitsune from Yoritomo and Yoshitsune was trapped by it.
- 頼通は長久元年(1040年)、寛徳2年(1045年)、天喜3年(1055年)に荘園整理令に着手するが、結果的には権門擁護策に終わる(増加の抑制の成果については肯定的な見方もある)。
- Yorimichi gave orders in 1040, 1045 and 1055 to embark on reorganizing the manors but his resulted in the support of the powerful families (although other viewpoints contend that the resulting curtailment of expansion was a positive thing).
- これ以降は堺市の経済力を握り、有能な弟たちに軍を預けて、河内国や大和国、丹波国に転戦して、畿内に一大政権を築き上げたと言ってもそれは幕府隷下の地方権力に留まる結果を齎したのである。
- He subsequently held control of the economic power in Sakai City, entrusting his armies with his competent younger brothers to fight wars in Kawachi Province, Yamato Province and Tanba Province one after another; though he built a large administration, this resulted only in his only influence stopping at the local level.
- また、永享11年の室町幕府の意見書でも「湯起請の失の深浅は、牓示姧曲の多少による」とされ、不当な主張をすれば湯起請の結果に反映されるとして、境相論の解決法として有効とみなしていた。
- A written opinion issued by the Muromachi bakufu in 1439 described that 'the degree of shitsu shows how maliciously Boji (signs placed at the border between territories) was distorted' and regarded it as an effective solution to disputes over the boundary between territories since an unreasonable claim would be reflected in the the result of yugisho.
- 更には神殿で行なわれる祭祀に教導職である僧侶の参列と拝礼を義務付けた為に仏教勢力の一部を激しく怒らせる結果となった(又、その反面に幟を掲げるなどして熱烈な祝福を示した僧侶もいた)。
- Furthermore, Kyobusho enforced attendance and religious services at rituals performed at the shrine on the Buddhist priests who were Kyodoshoku, which made part of Buddhist power furious (on the other hand, some Buddhist priests fervently celebrated them by setting up a flag).
- しかし元章は各作者付の信頼度については深く検討せず、結果として誤りの多い資料を無批判に採り入れる一方、逆に『申楽談儀』『五音』など根本資料と言える世阿弥の著書も見ていなかったらしい。
- However, Motoakira did not place great emphasis on the reliability of the sakushazuke, on which he based his work and as such, not only did he unquestioningly adopted sources containing numerous mistakes but it also appears as though he did not refer to fundamental sources such as 'Sarugaku Dangi' an 'Go On.'
- 日本統治の第2期は西来庵事件の1915年から1937年の盧溝橋事件であり、国際情勢の変化、特に第一次世界大戦の結果、西洋諸国の植民地統治の権威が失墜し、民族主義が高揚した時期である。
- The second phase of Japanese rule was from 1915 when the Silaian Incident broke out to 1937 when the Marco Polo Bridge Incident occurred, during which time the authority of colonialism by the Western countries fell and nationalism emerged due to the change of the world situation, especially after World War I.
- 滝川一益 - 北条氏政から変についての情報がもたらされ、「北条は手出ししない」という声明もあったが一益がこれを偽計と見てとり、結果的に北条勢と一戦見えることとなった(神流川の戦い)。
- Kazumasu TAKIGAWA: Informed of the incident by Ujimasa HOJO and of the declaration that 'Hojo will not intervene,' but Kazumasu noticed that it was a trick, eventually running into a fight with the Hojo troops (Battle of the Kanna-gawa River).
- これらの旅館同士の競争がいい相乗効果を生んでおり、着実にリピーター、新規顧客を増やし、安定した成長を続ける結果となり、減少を続けていた宿泊客数は少しずつではあるが、増加に転じている。
- The competition among those accommodations creates positive synergetic effect, by which stable development that raises repeat guests and new customers continues and the number of visitors, used to be decreasing, now are coming back little by little.
- こうした結果、三浦の乱後の1511~1581年までの間、日本国王使は二十二回通交することになるがその中で本物の日本国王使は二回に過ぎず、残りの二十回は宗氏の仕立て上げた偽使であった。
- As a result of this, royal envoys visited Korea 22 times between 1511 and 1581 after the Sanpo War, but only 2 visits were by real royal envoys and the other 20 visits were by gishi which were prepared by the So clan.
- 尊氏の死後、南朝方の新田義興を滅ぼすとともに、1361年(康安元年)には執事として基氏を補佐していた畠山国清と対立した家臣団から国清の罷免を求められた結果、抵抗した国清を討つに至る。
- After Takauji's death, he destroyed Yoshioki NITTA of Southern Court, and in 1361, he killed Kunikiyo HATAKEYAMA, who was a steward supported Motouji, as Kunikiyo resisted after a group of vassals who was opposing to Kunikiyo requested dismissal of Kunikiyo.
- 武断派の印象が強いが、慶長6年(1601年)の検地で知行高498,000石だったのを元和5年(1619年)に515,000石まで増加させており、領主として行政面でも結果を残している。
- Although he is remembered more as a military commander of Budan faction (pro-military faction), he also achieved a good result in terms of administration as a feudal lord; his domain was calculated worth 498,000 koku in the land survey of 1601, and he increased it to 515,000 koku in 1619.
- 久安5年(1149年)、大納言の三条実行と源雅定がそれぞれ右大臣・内大臣に昇進して、大納言以下に欠員が生じたことによる玉突き人事の結果、経宗は31歳でようやく参議となり公卿に列した。
- In 1149, Saneyuki SANJO and MINAMOTO no Masasada, who were Dainagon (chief councilor of state) were promoted to Udaijin (minister of the right) and Naidaijin (mister of the center) respectively, vacancies occurred in positions of Dainagon and lower, and, due to a series of linked personnel changes as a result of such vacancies, Tsunemune finally became Sangi (Royal Advisor) at the age of thirty-one and took rank with court nobles.
- その後、石川台嶺ら暴動の主導的役割を果たした僧侶や役人殺害に関与したとされる暴徒数百名は捕らえられ、裁判の結果、台嶺と暴徒1人は斬罪に処され、その他、多数の僧侶・暴徒が罪人となった。
- After the riot, Tairei ISHIKAWA and other monks who took a leading role in the riot and hundreds of followers who were involved in killing the officer were captured, and Tairei and one of the followers were executed by decapitation, and the other many monks and the followers were punished after the trials.
- しかし、御家人の凋落は、元寇時の負担だけではなく、惣領制=分割相続制による中小御家人の零細化、そして貨幣経済の進展に翻弄された結果であり、そうした大きな流れを止めることは出来なかった。
- However, since the decline of Gokenin (shogunal retainers of the Kamakura bakufu) resulted from not only the burden at the time of Mongol invasion attempts against Japan but also the downsizing of mid- and small-scale Gokenin to ultrasmall-scale Gokenin due to the Soryo system (the eldest son system for the succession of the head of the family) referring to division of succession, and from being buffeted by the progress of monetary economy, it was impossible to stop such a big movement.
- 従って、残りは内親王となるが、平安時代の妃は結果的には成功しなかったものの、古代以来皇位継承の優先権があるとされた皇族を母とする親王による皇位の直系継承を目指したものと考えられている。
- Consequently, the remaining possibility was Imperial Princess, although the title of Hi in the Heian period got lower, the advantage for an Imperial Prince whose mother was from Imperial family having prior right to succession to the Imperial throne since ancient time was valued for aiming at family succession to the throne.
- 武家政権である鎌倉幕府の成立後、京都の公家政権(治天の君)との二頭政治が続いていたが、この乱の結果、幕府が優勢となり、朝廷の権力は制限され、幕府が皇位継承などに影響力を持つようになる。
- Even after the Kamakura bakufu, when a samurai government was established, it continued to rule in step with the old aristocratic system of government in Kyoto (called the 'lord governing in heaven' system) as part of a two-part government, but as a result of the Jokyu Rebellion, the shogunate gained the upper hand, placing restrictions on the power of the Imperial Court, and achieving influence over matters of Imperial succession etc.
- 文久3年(1863年)半ばに、米国南北戦争(1861年-1865年)により欧州の綿・茶が不足となり、日本綿・茶の買い付けが盛んに行なわれた結果、両品の日本からの輸出量が極端に増加した。
- In the middle of 1863, cotton and tea from Europe was insufficient due to the American Civil War (1861 - 1865), and the result was that sales of Japanese cotton and tea was soared, and exportation of both items increased drastically.
- しかも子がないのだから、広く継嗣を求めよ」と叱咤して無理強いに縁組しようとさせたが、やがて頼通は重病となり、加持調伏の結果、具平親王の怨霊が出たため、この結婚は止み沙汰になったという。
- Moreover, you have no children and I want you to have many heirs,' Michinaga rebuked and forced Yorimichi into the marriage but before long, Yorimichi fell seriously ill, and the wedding was instructed to be halted when, as a result of faith healing and exorcism, the ghost of Prince Tomohira emerged.
- アロー戦争以後清朝の外交を担ってきた総理衙門が清朝官庁内で次第に地位低下したことに不満を覚えた諸外国が、清朝が外交を重視するよう求めた結果、総理衙門を廃止し外務部をつくらせるに至った。
- After the Arrow War, various foreign nations felt frustrated with the falling social status of Zongli Yamen, which had become burdened with the diplomacy that the Qing dynasty placed great importance on, and as a result Zongli Yamen was abolished and replaced with the Foreign Office.
- 大久保を中心に岩倉具視・大隈重信・伊藤博文らが政府の再編を行うが、直後に台湾出兵をめぐる意見が対立、その結果、長州閥のトップ木戸孝允までが職を去る事態に陥り、ほぼ大久保専制体制となる。
- Under Okubo's leadership, Okubo, Tomomi IWAKURA, Shigenobu OKUMA and Hirobumi ITO reorganized the government, but immediately after that, they clashed over the issue of the Taiwan expedition; eventually, Takayoshi KIDO, the leader of the Choshu faction, resigned from the office and thus Okubo's despotic regime virtually came into being.
- また、朝廷の行動が実際の救済行動に結びついたことで、幕府の朝廷統制によって江戸時代を通じて忘れられかけていた朝廷の存在を民衆に再度思い起こさせる結果となり、尊王論の興隆の一因となった。
- The act by the Imperial Court led to the actual relief reminded the people of the existence of the Imperial Court, which had been almost forgotten throughout the Edo period due to the tight control on the Imperial Court by the bakufu, as a result this incident became one of the causes to rise the sonnoron (imperial loyalism).
- 荻原は元禄小判による貨幣改鋳(金含有率を減らして貨幣流通量を増やす)によって財政問題を一時的に解決するが、結果として元禄期のインフレーション状況を生じることとなり、物価の高騰を招いた。
- Ogiwara tentatively resolved the financial crisis by reminting an old coin into 'Genroku koban' (the oval gold coin minted in the Genroku era) - he reduced the percentage of gold in the old coin, and increased the number of coins in circulation as a whole - but as a result, his policy caused inflation and a surge of commodity prices in the Genroku era.
- 日本列島にも旧石器文化が存在したことは、岩宿遺跡(群馬県)をはじめ、各地での発掘調査の結果から明らかとなっているが、日本の旧石器文化の遺物には造形芸術と呼ぶべきものはほとんど存在しない。
- Excavation and research in many places, including the Iwajuku Archaeological Site (in Gunma Prefecture), revealed that there had once existed a Paleolithic culture on the Japanese archipelago, but things that can be called art and design have rarely been found in the relics of the Paleolithic culture.
- 一方では唐の時代には既に経済規模に対して銅銭発行量が追いついていなかったといわれる中での更なる銅銭流出は、結果的には「銭荒」と呼ばれる銅銭不足の状態を恒常化させて中国経済を混乱に陥れた。
- Meanwhile, it is said that the mint output of copper coins was already behind the country's economic scale during the Tang Dynasty and under such circumstances the further outflow of copper coins plunged the Chinese economy into chaos by causing constant lack of copper coins called 'senko'.
- また守護は、当初は国司の業務や地頭の権限への介入を禁じられていたが、応仁の乱以後の地方定住と権力の拡張の結果次第に領主化して室町後期には地方支配も進み、この頃の守護は守護大名と呼ばれる。
- At first, it was prohibited for shugo to intervene in the tasks of Kokushi and the authorities of Jito, however, as a result of settlement in local areas and expansion of authorities after the Onin War, they gradually became feudal lords and cemented their grip in local areas by the late Muromachi period; shugo in this period are especially called shugo-daimyo (Japanese territorial lords).
- 日露戦争では補給が滞り現地調達も困難であったため、米のみで熱量(カロリー)を補給する事態となり、鴎外らによって麦飯の補給を止められた陸軍では、大量の脚気患者と死者を生み出す結果となった。
- During the Russo-Japanese War, the food supply got disconnected and it was difficult to procure on the spot, so the soldiers' energy (calories) came purely through rice, and as the supply of barley rice to the army was stopped by Ogai and others, it led to many cases of beriberi and many deaths.
- 結果的に政宗への恩賞は、仙台開府の許可と陸奥国刈田郡(白石)合わせて2万石の加増のみにとどまり、領地は60万石となった(後に近江国と常陸国に小領土の飛び地2万石の加増で62万石となる)。
- In the end, the rewards granted to Masamune were limited to the permission of establishing Sendai Domain, along with the territorial gain of 20,000 koku by adding Katta District (Shiroishi) in Mutsu Province; his territorial land value became 600,000 koku in total (later, he acquired additional small and scattered territories in Omi Province and Hitachi Province, making his territorial land value to 620,000 koku in total).
- ただしそれも、年齢を経た結果というよりも、自分の死に場所を見つけたという悟りに近い気持ちと、明日にも闘いで命を落とすかも知れない隊士の士気を上げるための、計算の上であったとする説もある。
- However, there is a view that this was not because he has become older, but this was a calculated action based on his realization that he has found a place to die, as well as for motivating his men who could die tomorrow in a battle.
- 慶長12年(1607年)2月、宮廷女官との密通が明らかとなった結果、後陽成天皇から勅勘を蒙って追放されるが、のち京へ戻った後も素行は収まらず、多数の公卿を誘っては女官と不義密通を重ねた。
- Found guilty of adultery with an Imperial court lady around February or March 1607, he was punished and temporarily expelled from Kyoto by the Imperial order of Emperor Goyozei, but after returning to Kyoto, his loose moral was not rectified and he continued having illicit liaisons with court ladies, taking many high court nobles out with him.
- 「発見」によって、国際法の法源と儒教とは親和性を持つかのような印象を読者に与え、その結果「万国公法」(=近代国際法)は中華も含めた世界規模の「普遍性」を持ったものとして受容されていった。
- Through such 'discovery,' readers became to have an impression that the origin of international law and Confucianism had affinity with each other and, as a result, 'bankoku koho' (modern international law) was accepted as one with global 'universality' including China.
- また、公文書の開示結果、1920年に既に認可できる要件は整っていたが、この事件が影響して認可できないという内容が残されていることが判り、東洋大学が遅れた存在ではなかったことが証明された。
- According to a disclosed official document, the requirements to be authorized as Toyo University were ready in 1920 but the approbation was delayed due to the incident, so this record proved that Toyo University didn't lag behind others.
- 複数の物語をばらけないように包んでおいたため「つつみの物語」と称され、それがいつの間にか実在の堤中納言(藤原兼輔)に関連づけられて考えられた結果「つつみ」中納言物語となったのではないか。
- According to one theory, it was called 'Tsutsumi no Monogatari' because various stories (monogatari) were wrapped (tsutsumi) so that the stories might not come apart; then it was related to a real person, Tsutsumi Chunagon (FUJIWARA no Kanesuke) and in the end became 'Tsutsumi Chunagon Monogatari.'
- 梅北一揆によって島津氏の政治的な立場は極度に悪化したが、検地やそれに伴う国人領主層の没落は結果として島津氏の大名権力を強化する事につながり、慶長の役で軍功をあげ名誉を挽回する契機となった。
- Although the political status of the Shimazu clan had fallen to the extremely precarious state as a result of Umekita ikki, the land survey by the administration and the fall of the local lords which was triggered by it actually strengthened the authority of the Shimizu clan as a feudal lord as a result, and in the Keicho Campaign, the Shimizu clan reclaimed its reputation for their distinguished military service.
- 結果、容堂は幕末の四賢侯の一人に挙げられていながらも、討幕運動が盛んになり続けても逆に幕府を擁護したため幕末及び明治初期の政局に混乱をきたす事となり、彼の評価は芳しい物ではなくなっていく。
- As a result, although Yodo's name is listed among the Bakumatsu-no-shikenko (幕末の四賢候), he continued to defend Bakufu even when the Tobaku movement became active; this brought about confusion in political conditions at the end of the Edo period and the beginning of the Meiji period, and his reputation declined.
- 結果から言えば「妻妾論論争」は、夫婦間の私的な空間における男女平等については積極的な問題提起をしたが、公的な空間における政治的・社会的な男女同権については消極的姿勢に甘んじたと言って良い。
- As a result, it can be said that 'a dispute on wives and concubines' raised questions about the equal between men and women at a private space between husband and wife, but that it was passive against the equal of political and social rights between men and women.
- また、同様の目的で米切手の為替化容認(結果的に米の延べ売買となり、米の売出しの先送りとなる)、囲米奨励、諸藩に対する江戸・大坂への廻米・蔵屋敷の米売却の制限・禁止などの措置が取られている。
- For the same purpose the government allowed kome-kitte (rice voucher) to be used as money orders (this resulted in a pre-date transactions of rice), encouraged the stockpiling of rice, and controlled or restricted the domains transporting the rice, and the Kurayashiki (Warehouse-residences) from selling the rice.
- しかし一介の武士に過ぎない義仲の意見が受け入れられるはずもなく、朝廷では義仲を制するため御占が数度行なわれた結果、8月20日に高倉天皇の皇子で安徳天皇の弟四之宮(後鳥羽天皇)を即位させた。
- However, an opinion of a mere warrior like Yoshinaka could not be accepted, and in order to restrain Yoshinaka a few divinatory readings were performed; as a result the Imperial Court enthroned Shinomiya (Emperor Go-Toba), a son of Emperor Takakura and a brother of Emperor Antoku.
- 「秀吉の降伏」を確認した明は朝議の結果「封は許すが貢は許さない」(明の冊封体制下に入る事は認めるが勘合貿易は認めない)と決め、秀吉に対し日本国王の称号と金印を授けるため日本に使節を派遣した。
- After confirming 'Hideyoshi's surrender,' Ming decided by deliberation of the court that 'Ho is allowed but Ko is not allowed' (It is allowed to join the sakuho (homage by Chinese emperors) system of Ming, but tally trade is not allowed), and dispatched an envoy to Japan to confer the title of the king of Japan and a gold seal on Hideyoshi.
- 常盤井宮全仁親王の子として生まれ、永徳元年(1381年)に親王宣下を受けるが、これは愛妾の一人である小少将なる女性を足利義満に差し出し、その結果、義満の根回しによって為された物だったという。
- Though he was born the son of Imperial Prince Tokiwainomiya Matahito and was given the title of Imperial Prince in 1381, this was accomplished behind-the-scenes because Prince Masahito offered one of his beloved concubines called Koshosho to Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA and Yoshimitsu produced a child with her who would become the Imperial Prince.
- 結果的に坂東平氏は源氏一門や藤原氏一門に恭順し家臣となるか、あるいは抵抗して追討されるなどして、東国史上華々しい成果を収めなかったのに対し、伊勢平氏の平清盛は西国を制して中央政権を牛耳った。
- Families of the Bando-Heishi clan either became retainers for or rebelled against and suppressed by the Genji and Fujiwara clans, and thus hardly left their marks on the history of Togoku, while TAIRA no Kiyomori who came from the Ise-Heishi ruled Saigoku and controlled the central government.
- その結果、法皇は義仲への配慮のため北陸道は除いたが、ほぼ上記の内容を認める寿永二年十月宣旨を頼朝へ発して東海道・東山道の荘園・国衙領を元の通り領家に従わせる権限(沙汰権)が頼朝に認められた。
- As a result, the Cloistered Emperor issued 'Juei Ninen ju gatsu no senji,' an Imperial order close to the content above, except that Hokuriku-do Road was excluded in order to honor Yoshinaka and gave Yoritomo the right (Sata ken) to return shoen and Kokugaryo in the Tokai-do Road and Tosan-do Road back to their owners.
- また、物価騰貴は株仲間に原因ありとして株仲間の解散を命じる低物価政策を実施したが、その一方で低質な貨幣を濫造して幕府財政の欠損を補う政策をとったため、物価引下げとは相反する結果をもたらした。
- Also, he dissolved merchant guilds as a part of the low-price policy, as he placed a blame on them for rising goods prices, but he minted low-quality coins to compensate the finance shortage of bakufu at the same time, which brought about an outcome completely opposite to a price reduction.
- 『紅白梅図』屏風の金地(金色の背景)は、金箔を貼ったものと長年信じられてきたが、2003年から翌年にかけての東京文化財研究所の蛍光X線による調査の結果、金箔は使用されていないことが判明した。
- It has long been believed that the kinji (gold background) of the Red and White Plum Blossoms was created through the application of gold foil; however, examination using fluorescence X-ray by the National Research Institute for Cultural Properties in Tokyo from 2003 to 2004 revealed that gold foil was not used.
- 結果的に延喜の治は律令制復活の最後の試みとなり、次代の朱雀天皇および藤原忠平の治世から、律令制支配は完全に放棄されることとなり、新たな支配体制王朝国家体制の構築・充実が進展していったのである。
- As the result, Engi no chi was the last trial conducted to bring back the Ritsuryo system, and this ruling system was completely abandoned during the reign of the next emperor, Emperor Suzaku, and FUJIWARA no Tadahira and the establishment and reinforcement of a new system, i.e. the Imperial Court, state was starting to develop.
- 彼は、朝鮮半島における問題の広範囲な解決が日露戦争の論理的な結果であり、もし韓国政府が単独で放置されるような事態になれば、再び同じように他国と条約を結んで日本を戦争に巻き込むだろうと主張した。
- Katsura stated that a comprehensive solution to the problem of the Korean Peninsula should be the logical outcome of this war, and that if left alone, the Korean Empire would continue to enter into treaties with other powers that would cause the same problem, which would result in bringing Japan into a fight again.
- もちろんデマだったわけであるが、結果的に摂津衆は清秀・高山右近を初めとしてほとんどの諸将が秀吉に味方をすることになり、さらに四国征伐のために大坂に集結していた織田信孝・丹羽長秀らも味方になった。
- Of course, it was a lie, but eventually most leading members of Settsushu including Kiyohide and Ukon TAKAYAMA sided with Hideyoshi, and Nobutaka Oda and Nagahide NIWA, having gathered in Osaka to join the Conquest of Shikoku, also joined Hideyoshi's camp.
- 観応2年/正平6年(1351年)10月、尊氏を中心とする幕府勢力は足利直義との対抗上の必要から南朝と講和し、その結果、光厳院政及び光厳の子崇光天皇の皇位がともに廃されることとなった(正平一統)。
- In October 1351, Bakufu forces, mainly dominated by Takauji, concluded peace with the Southern Court, in need for competition against Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA, resulting in the abolishment of the cloistered government by Kogon and the throne of Emperor Suko, the child of Kogon (Shohei Itto).
- この戦いの結果、大坂湾の制海権は織田方のものとなったが、依然淡路島西部の制海権は毛利水軍が握っており、淡路島以西に織田氏の勢力が及んだのは1582年に3月に来島通総が離反した一時期だけであった。
- As a result of this battle, the Oda navy gained naval supremacy of Osaka Bay, but the naval supremacy of the west area of Awaji-shima Island was still held by the Mori navy and it was just for a period of time when Michifusa KURUSHIMA seceded in March 1582 that the Oda clan took control of Awaji-shima Island and westward.
- 1284年に弘安の徳政、さらに1297年に永仁の徳政令を実施して没落する御家人の救済を図ったが、恩賞不足や商人が御家人への金銭貸し出しを渋るなど、かえって御家人の不満と混乱を招く結果に終わった。
- The bakufu did try to save such financially ruined gokenin by ordering two rounds of debt forgiveness, the 1284 Koan Tokusei ('benevolent rule,' a euphemism for the mass forgiving of debts) and then the 1297 Einin Tokusei, but as they could not provide sufficient rewards and yet were reluctant to allow merchants to loan money to gokenin, the bakufu's efforts only ended up exacerbating disgruntlement among the gokenin, inviting further chaos and disorder.
- 皇極4年(645年)6月14日、乙巳の変の直後、皇極天皇は退位し、中大兄皇子に皇位を譲ろうとしたが、中大兄と鎌足との相談の結果、皇弟・軽皇子が即位し、孝徳天皇となり、中大兄皇子が皇太子になった。
- On July 15, 645, immediately after Isshi-no-hen, Emperor Kogyoku stepped down from the throne, tried to pass over the throne to Naka no Oe no Oji but as a result of a meeting between Naka no Oe and Kamatari, the younger brother of the Emperor, Prince Karu, acceded to the throne and became Emperor Kotoku, with Naka no Oe no Oji becoming the Crown Prince.
- また、それまでの権力闘争の結果、兄弟もなく、父聖武天皇にも兄弟がなく、他に適当な天武天皇の子孫たる親王、王が無かったため、藤原永手や藤原百川の推挙によって天智天皇系の白壁王(光仁天皇)が即位した。
- Since neither she nor her father Emperor Shomu had brothers, who had all died in power struggles, and there was no Imperial Prince, Prince or other descendants of Emperor Tenmu, who would have been adequate to accede to the throne, Shirakabe no okimi (Prince Shirakabe) (Emperor Konin), from the line of Emperor Tenchi, was enthroned with the recommendation from FUJIWARA no Nagate and FUJIWARA no Momokawa.
- 父の隆盛が武房より先に死去した後、菊池氏の家督は兄の時隆が武房の養嗣子となって継いだが、叔父の菊池武経がこれに不満を持って対立し、結果として時隆と武経が共に滅んだため、その後を継いで当主となった。
- After the death of his father Takamori prior to that of Takefusa, his elder brother, Tokitaka became an adopted heir of Takefusa and succeeded to the family estate of the Kikuchi clan, however, his uncle, Taketsune KIKUCHI was not satisfied with this and was opposed to Tokitaka, and consequently, both Tokitaka and Taketsune ruined, and he took over the family estate and became the family head.
- これは当時、清浦内閣を翌年5月10日に予定されていた総選挙施行のための期間限定の選挙管理内閣であり、中立性に配慮した結果、政党色のない貴族院議員が占めるのは仕方がないとする見方もあったからである。
- Some say that this was because in the first place, the KIYOURA cabinet had a role as a caretaker cabinet to administer the general election planned on May 10 next year and to serve for a limited period of time, so people thought it was only natural that such a short-term cabinet was dominated by members of House of Peers who were less political in order to keep the cabinet neutral.
- その結果、1401年(応永8年)、「日本准三后道義」の表文を携えて派遣された使節はついに目的を果たし、「日本国王源道義」宛の建文帝(在位1398年~1402年)の詔書を携えて明使とともに帰国した。
- As a result, an envoy, who was dispatched in 1401 with the letter of 'Nihon Junsango Dogi,' accomplished the object and returned to Japan with a Ming envoy, who bore a letter of the Jianwen Emperor (period of reign: 1398 -1402) addressed to 'Nihon-kokuo Gen Dogi.'
- その結果、2009年(平成21年)現在では、鉄道事業としては京福電気鉄道嵐山本線、京福電気鉄道北野線、京福電気鉄道鋼索線(叡山ケーブル)、叡山ロープウェイの4路線12.8kmを残すのみとなっている。
- Today in 2009, four remaining lines, which are Arashiyama Main Line of Keifuku Electric Railroad, Kitano Line of Keifuku Electric Railroad, Kosaku Line of Keifuku Electric Railroad (Eizan Cable), and Eizan Ropeway, covering 12.8 km, are still in operation.
- 新渡戸は現地の教育関係者との会談において日本における宗教的教育の喪失に突き当たった結果、『武士道』(Bushido The Soul of Japan)を明治33年(1900年)に英語版で刊行した。
- Nitobe had meetings with educators there and found the loss of religious education in Japan and as a result he published 'Bushido' in English in 1900.
- 事件発生後総督府は原住民への討伐を決定、軍隊出動による討伐作戦を2ヶ月にわたって展開し、対立部族の協力も得た鎮圧作戦の結果700人ほどの抗日サイディック族が死亡もしくは自殺、500人ほどが投降した。
- The Sotoku-fu decided to retaliate against the tribe after the Incident and developed a subjugation campaign using the military force in cooperation with the rival tribes for two months, as a result of which military campaign 700 Seediq were killed in fighting or committed suicides and 500 people surrendered.
- しかし、この盟約は結果的に履行されることはなく、氏真およびその子孫が領主の座に戻らなかったことから、一般的には、この掛川城の開城をもって戦国大名としての今川氏の滅亡(統治権の喪失)と解釈されている。
- However, this pact was not fulfilled in the end, and because neither Ujizane nor his descendants returned to the position as the lord, and in general, this surrender of Kakegawa-jo Castle is interpreted as the downfall (loss of sovereignty) of the Imagawa clan as a warlord.
- さらにこの結果に基づき、政府と陸軍の援助を受け、大江山鉱山から11キロしか離れていない与謝郡吉津村(当時。現在の京都府宮津市と与謝野町岩滝)に専用のニッケル製錬施設、岩滝製錬所を建設することになった。
- Furthermore, based on this result, they received assistance from the government and the army, and established Iwataki Smeltery, a smelting facility exclusively for nickel, which was only 11 kilometers away from Oeyama Mine in the former Yoshizu village, Yosa County (now Miyazu City, Kyoto Prefecture and Iwataki, Yosano-cho).
- だが、大規模な軍事衝突にも関わらず、参加諸大名の士気は低く、かと言って勝利の際の利益配分を期待しなかったわけではないため、結果的に首都で延々と11年間も決着が付かない軍事衝突を断続的に行う事になった。
- Yet despite the enormous size of the armies involved, morale among the various participating daimyo was low; this wasn't to say that they weren't hoping to be rewarded if their side was victorious, but as a result of this situation, inconclusive and intermittent fighting ravaged the capital for the next eleven years.
- 中世後期に入ると、下記(世阿弥『風姿花伝』別紙口伝)に代表されるように「家学」そのものの継承を優先として血縁者ではなくても教えに忠実な門人が継ぐ場合でも結果的には「家学」は守られるという考え方も生じた。
- In the late medieval period an idea came about that 'kagaku' was consequently upheld even when it was inherited, not by relatives, but by pupils who were committed to the doctrine with a view to giving priority to the inheritance of 'kagaku' itself, as represented as follows ('Fushikaden' [The Flowering Spirit] Besshi Kuden [a separate secret teaching] written by Zeami).
- その直接さがゆえ、徳川慶喜は維新後、長州に対しての恨みが消えていったが、佐幕派を装いつつ結果的に寝返った薩摩に対しての恨みは強かったと言われる(司馬遼太郎著『最後の将軍 徳川慶喜』『竜馬がゆく』ほか)。
- Perhaps because of such directness, after the restoration Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's ill feelings against the Choshu disappeared; however, it is said that he had strong ill feelings against Satsuma, which pretended to be pro-Bakufu but ultimately moved over to the enemy ('Last Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (最後の将軍 徳川慶喜),' 'Ryoma ga yuku (竜馬がゆく),' written by Ryotaro SHIBA).
- 天保12年(1841年)10月8日妹の隆子女王と共に出奔するという不祥事を起こし、結果天保13年(1842年)7月22日に光格天皇養子・二品親王・勧修寺住職の地位が停止され、伏見宮より除籍されてしまう。
- He caused a scandalous affair in which he ran away with his younger sister, Princess Takako, on November 20, 1841, resulting in termination of his position as an adopted son of Emperor Kokaku, a second-ranked Imperial Prince, and a chief priest of Kaju-ji Temple on August 27, 1842, to be was finally expelled from the Fushiminomiya family.
- 摂関政治や院政などの新しい政治形態の出現、班田制の衰退と荘園の発展、律令法的身分秩序の解体などにみられる各種の歴史上の変化によって、律令法に基づく新しい慣習法が律令法の各分野で形成されてきた結果である。
- This is a result of new common laws being formed in various areas of ritsuryo law, due to a variety of historical changes such as the emergence of new political formats like sekkan seiji (politics of regents and advisers) and insei (rule by a retired Emperor), decline of ancient farmland allotment and accepting system and development of manors, and dismantling of the class system under ritsuryo law.
- 元和9年(1623年)危篤に陥った宗家当主の狩野貞信には子供がいなかったため、一門の重鎮に当たる狩野長信と狩野吉信の話し合いの結果、当時10歳であった安信を貞信の養子として惣領家を嗣ぐことが決められた。
- Since Sadanobu KANO, head of the Kano family, did not have a child when he fell into critical condition in 1623, Naganobu KANO and Yoshinobu KANO, two major figures in the family, had discussions in which they decided to adopt Yasunobu, then 10 years old, as Sadanobu's child and have him take over the Soryo family (the head family).
- その結果、兄・経治と穂波経度(顕彰の子)はともに穂波家への養子として出されて(経治が穂波家を継ぎ、経度を養子とする)経理が後継者となり、天保10年4月8日(1839年5月20日)に従五位下が授けられた。
- The confrontation was settled in the following way; Tsuneosa's older brother, Tsuneharu, and Tsunenori HONAMI (a son of Akiteru) were adopted by the Honami family (Tsuneharu succeeded to the Honami family and adopted Tsunenori), and Tsuneosa succeeded to the Kashuji family and was conferred Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) on May 20, 1839.
- 阿部は改正を論じる自体が保守派の刺激をしかねない公事方御定書の改正を避け、恩赦という形式を用いて公事方御定書が定めた刑罰を減刑するという遠まわしな手法で結果的に公事方御定書の改正を図ろうとしたのである。
- Abe avoided a direct reform of the Kujigata-osadamegaki, as even a discussion about reforming it might stir up the conservatives, so he used pardon as a means of reducing the penalties provided in the Kujigata-osadamegaki, and by using such a roundabout method he intended to reform the Kujigata-osadamegaki as a result.
- 結果的に、そのレーションの不備と輸送能力・インフラ整備の問題(輸送中に一万石の挽割麦の大半が変敗したという記録がある)等により、陸軍は約25万人の脚気患者を出し、うち約2万7,800人が病死したとされる。
- Approximately 27,800 of 250,000 army beriberi patients are said to have died due to improper rationing, and logistics and infrastructure problems (Records reveal that most of the 10,000 koku [approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield] of barley groats spoiled in transit).
- これは当時の政権が大規模な輸送を行う能力を持っていたことを裏付けている(この徴発によって反乱軍を率いる皇子側は軍馬を確保するとともに、結果的には敵の本拠である大津京への兵糧搬入を妨害したことにもなった)。
- Operations of this size give evidence to support the capability of the government of the time to have large-scale transportation (As a result of this requisition, the rebel troops on the Prince's side gained war-horses while simultaneously interrupting the delivery of provisions to the enemy's base in Otsukyo).
- 延暦寺は朝廷と幕府に二人の死罪を求めるが、幕府はこれを放置し、延暦寺がさらに強く抗議を行った結果、二人は上総国山辺郡へ一時流されるが、その道中は道々で酒席を設け宿々で美女を弄び、流人には見えなかったと言う。
- Enryaku-ji Temple requested the Imperial Court and the bakufu to sentence the two to death, but the bakufu ignored the request, and Enryaku-ji Temple strongly protested, whereby the two were temporarily exiled to Yamabe County, Kazusa Province, but it is said that they did not look like exiles since they had banquets and had women along the way.
- 山縣の権威が失墜した宮中某重大事件は西園寺公望が山縣に相談したことをきっかけに山縣が動き始めたものであったが、世間では藩閥間の対立ばかりが強調されて捉えられて、結果的に山縣一人が「悪者」となった側面もある。
- Yamagata started taking action in the certain serious incident of the Imperial Court, which later caused his power to drop, when Kinmochi SAIONJI consulted Yamagata, but to the public conflicts among domain cliques were so emphasized that ultimately Yamagata was considered to be the sole 'bad guy.'
- しかし、同時に千葉胤貞との密着は胤貞自身が盟主として擁立された千葉氏の家督争いに門流を直接巻き込む事になってしまい、結果的に世俗勢力や他宗との関係を保ちながら門流の維持を優先する路線を選択することになった。
- Nichiyu, however, left a bitter legacy such that his close adherence to Tanesada CHIBA entangled his school in conflict over succession of the Chiba family head among the potential successors, which resulted in his school adopting a policy which gave priority to carry on the school while having a cooperative relationship with secular powers and the other sects.
- 日朝関係は豊臣秀吉の文禄・慶長の役によって破壊され、関係の復旧に意欲を示した徳川家康は対馬国の宗氏を通じて国交回復の交渉を行い、結果寛永13年(1636年)に朝鮮通信使という名の使節の最初の者が送られてきた。
- The relationship between Korea and Japan was destroyed by the Bunroku-Keicho War in the Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI era, but Ieyasu TOKUGAWA began the process of repairing the relationship through the So clan in Tsushima Province and the first Korean delegacy named Chosen Tsushinshi was sent to Japan in 1636.
- また同じく釜山で、2007年に人体への摂取量を調べた調査では、通常時は約0.01pg-TEQ/kg/日なのが、黄砂の日は0.028 - 0.038pg-TEQ/kg/日と、2倍以上になるという結果が出ている。
- In an investigation in 2007 also in Busan in which the amount of these components taken into human bodies was measured, it was found that 0.028 to 0.038 pg-TEQ/kg/day was taken in the day when kosa fell, more than double 0.01pg-TEQ/kg/day that was taken in an ordinary day.
- だが中国の銅の生産能力は決して高いとは言えない上に、経済の急速な発展から銅銭の需要が銅銭発行量を上回るペースで高まったために、結果的には市中に流通する銅銭が慢性的に不足すると言う銭荒現象が生じるようになった。
- However, since Chinese copper production capacity was not high enough and a demand for copper coins increased at a pace surpassing the amount of copper coins issued due to rapid economic development, a phenomenon called senko that the quantity of circulating copper coins was chronically short occurred.
- その後、軍事貴族の平清盛が平氏政権をうちたて、平氏政権打倒の過程で発生した の内乱(源平合戦)の結果、東国に武家政権(鎌倉幕府)が登場することとなったが、その後も貴族たちは一定の政治実権を握り続けたのである。
- Later, TAIRA no Kiyomori from the military nobles established the Taira clan administration, and as a result of the civil war of Gisho-Juei (the Genpei war) which occurred during the course of overthrowing the Taira clan administration, a military administration (the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun)) was established in the East, but the nobles continued to seize political power afterwards as well.
- このため、水戸徳川家を除く御三家・御三卿には家斉の弟、もしくは実子が養子入りしている(ただし肝心の一橋家の系統は徳川昌丸で断絶し、水戸徳川家から徳川慶喜が養子入りして後に将軍になるという皮肉な結果となった)。
- As a result, Ienari's brothers and biological children were adopted out to the Gosanke (the Owari-Tokugawa, Kishu-Tokugawa, and Mito-Tokugawa families) and Gosangyo (the Tayasu-Tokugawa, Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa, and Shimizu-Tokugawa families), though not to the Mito-Tokugawa family (The radical expansion of the Hitotsubashi family line ended with Masamaru TOKUGAWA upon an ironic adoption of Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA--who later became Shogun--out of the Mito-Tokugawa family).
- その凄惨さに、立ち会っていたフランス軍艦長プティ・トゥアール(Petit Thouars)は、(フランス人の被害者数と同じ)11人が切腹したところで外国局判事五代才助に中止を要請し、結果として9人が助命された。
- Petit Thouars, the chief of French warship, saw this dreadful sight and requested Saisuke GODAI, a judge of foreign affairs, to stop the execution after the eleventh Tosa retainers was executed (the same figures as French casualties), resulting in saving nine retainers' lives.
- この時代、人々はおもに狩猟、漁労、採集によって生活していたが、三内丸山遺跡(青森県)などの発掘調査結果によると、この時代すでに栽培が行われ、人々は豊かな食生活をしていたことが明らかになり、時代観も変わりつつある。
- During this period, people made their living mainly with hunting, fishing, and gathering, but the excavation and research in some places, such as the Sannai-Maruyama Archaeological Site (in Aomori Prefecture), revealed that people had already begun cultivating and had enjoyed plentiful diets, so our perspective on this period is changing.
- 中国三国時代 (中国)の呉 (三国)の太子孫和の例など、宮廷闘争や政争の結果として発生することが多いが、対象者が実際に皇位・王位継承者として不適格であるがゆえに緊急避難的措置として行われる場合もしばしば存在する。
- Although many of the disinheritance cases resulted from imperial-court or political strives, as in the example of Sun He, who was a prince of Wu who lived in the Three Kingdoms period (China), heirs were often disinherited because they were deemed incompetent as a crown prince on an emergent basis.
- 律令法において、天皇の地位、権能について規定がないのも、それが国家的祭祀の執行など大化前代以来の宗教的機能をもっていたことと、専制君主的性格をもったことの結果であって、法を超越した存在と考えられていたからである。
- The position and authority of Emperors were not defined in the ritsuryo law, due to their religious functions, such as; their performing of national religious services since the pre-Taika era, and as a result of their despotic nature, this made them above the law.
- 結果、古代末期には官印はまったく廃れ、院政期に「二合体」(「頼」のへんと「朝」のつくりを合わせて「源頼朝」をあらわすなどの方法)という新しい書判の形式が現れると、これ以降花押の使用が一般化することになるのである。
- As a result, kanin was completely demolished at the end of the ancient Japan, and Kao came into general use after a new Kakihan style 'Nigotai' which was a way to represent someone's name by combining a part of 2 characters of a name (for example, by combining a part of 'Yori' and a part of 'Tomo' to represent 'MINAMOTO no Yoritomo') appeared during the period of the government by the abdicated Emperor.
- 宗家である宮津藩の京極氏はほどなく改易され、丹後田辺藩(舞鶴藩)の京極家も但馬国豊岡藩へ転封となったため丹後一国を領した京極高知の所領も、結果的にはこの峰山藩の1万3,000石だけが丹後に残るだけとなってしまった。
- Soon kaieki (change of rank) was made to the Kyogoku clan, the head family in the Miyazu domain, and the Kyogoku family in the Tanabe (Maizuru) domain of the Tango province was also transferred to the Toyooka domain of Tajima province, and thereby only this 13,000 goku in the Mineyama domain remained in Tango among the territories of Takatomo KYOGOKU who possessed the entire Tango province.
- その一方で瀬戸で釉薬を用いた陶器製造が開始されたのは鎌倉時代前期にまで遡るとする発掘結果も報告されており、景正自身あるいはそのモデルとなった人物がこの時期に瀬戸焼の基礎を構築した可能性も否定は出来無いとされている。
- On the other hand, a result of excavation reported that the beginning of fabrication of earthenware using glaze in Seto goes back to the early Kamakura period, so the possibility that Kagemasa himself or someone else who acted as his role model built the foundation of Seto ware during this period is said to be impossible to deny.
- 絶え間なく中央(京都)および周辺諸国情勢に煩わされる部分もあったが、結果的に朝倉氏の勢力をさらに拡大するとともに、朝廷や室町幕府との繋がりをも深め、越前に更なる繁栄をもたらし、本拠一乗谷城に京風の文化を華開かせた。
- Although the Asakura family was constantly concerned by the situation in the capital and neighbouring provinces, they eventually extended their influence, deepened ties with the Imperial Court and Muromachi shogunate, brought prosperity to Echizen Province, and nurtured the growth of Kyoto-style culture in their base, Ichijodani-jo Castle.
- アジア諸国の西欧列強による植民地化と日本による朝鮮王朝の開国と干渉に刺激された結果、清国と朝鮮の関係を伝統的な宗属関係から近代的な宗主国と属国の関係(宗主国と植民地の関係)に改めて朝鮮を自勢力下に留めようとした戦争。
- As western powers colonized Asian countries and Japan forced Korea to open the country to the world and intervene in it, Qing, as a result, was spurred into using this war to try to transform the conventional relationship between Qing and Korea based upon a concept of a family with the same origin into a modern suzerain-dependency relationship (suzerain-colony relationship) and keep Korea under control.
- その結果立憲政友会・憲政会・革新倶楽部の護憲三派からなる加藤高明内閣が成立し、普通選挙法が制定され財産(納税額)によって制限される制限選挙から満25歳以上全ての男子に選挙権が与えられることとなり、普通選挙が実現した。
- This led to the formation of the Takaaki KATO administration by the three pro-constitution factions of Rikken Seiyukai, Kenseikai and Kakushin Kurabu and to the legislation of the Universal Manhood Suffrage Act that abolished the restriction of voting right based on property (tax payment) and granted the right to all men aged over 25 for organization of popular elections.
- その結果、局務押小路家が外記方、官務壬生家が官方、そして出納平田家が蔵人方の地下官人を統率して奉行・職事の指示に従って傘下の地下官人を率いて儀式のために必要な事務・雑務を行うことになった(「禁中諸政諸司等作法事」)。
- It was decided that the head secretary of the Council of State Secretaries 'kyokumu,' the Oshinokoji family; the head secretary of the Senior Recorder of the Left 'kanmu,' the Mibu family; and a secretary of the Bureau of Archives 'suino,' the Hirata family were to lead the lower ranking officials in respective offices to carry out clerical work and miscellaneous business for the ceremonies under the command of commissioners and court officials (according to 'Kinchu shosei shoshi to shoji').
- As a result, Kyokumu Oshikoji family, Kanmu Mibu family and Suino Hirata family became responsible for various clerical and administrative jobs relating to ceremonies under the instruction of bugyo and shikiji (the head of office) while commanding the jigekanjin of Gekikata (Secretaries' Office), Kangata (one of government office) and Kurodogata respectively ('Kinchu Shosei Shoshi to Sahonokoto' (manners in political affairs and officers of the Imperial Court)).
- しかし、地頭は紛争を武力で解決しようとする傾向が強く、訴訟結果が実効を伴わないことも多かったため、荘園領主はやむを得ず、一定額の年貢納入を請け負わせる代わりに荘園の管理を委ねる地頭請(じとううけ)を行うことがあった。
- However, as the jitos tended to solve the disputes by force and many results of the lawsuits were not effective, the lords of shoens were compelled to do jitouke (the contract system that the manor's owner entrusts a jito to manage his manor and pay the customs), where the jitos did not undertake the payment for a certain amount of nengu (land tax) and instead controlled the shoens.
- しかし、1170年以降、マネーサプライの増大とそれがもたらしたインフレーションの結果、貴族たちは、賃貸していた土地や財産を取り戻すとともに、文字どおり減退してしまった現金支払の固定価値と同等の労役を再び課していった。
- However, after 1170, money supply increased and thus inflation happened and as a result, the aristocrats came to impose the same labor service as the fixed value of paying cash which was literally diminished as well as regaining the leased lands and assets.
- 強制的な拘束や拷問などを行わずに「神の意思」の名のもとで当事者の合意を得られる方法として広く行われたが、あくまでも双方の証人・証文などの証拠類を揃えて吟味した結果でも事実の成否が確定できない場合などに限定されていた。
- It was widely used as a method which enabled people to obtain agreements from both claimants without the exercise of detentions or tortures at 'the will of the gods,' but its use was limited only to the cases in which the truth could not be ascertained even after the thorough investigation of evidence such as witnesses or documents collected from the both parties.
- 島津氏は秀頼からの書状に対し「豊臣家への奉公は一度済んだ」と返事したが、徳川方としての出陣は冬の陣・夏の陣とも結果的にかなわなかった(夏の陣では、鹿児島を発ち平戸市に到着した時に大坂の役の情報を聞いて引き返している)。
- Shimazu clan replied to the letter from Toyotomi Family that 'they had already completed their service to Toyotomi Family', however, they could not fulfill joining the Tokugawa army both in Fuyu no Jin and Natsu no Jin (in Natsu no Jin they got information on Osaka no Eki after having left Kagoshima and arriving in Hirado City, then they returned).
- 安康天皇が彼の同母妹の草香幡梭皇女と弟の雄略天皇を結婚させようとした際、彼は承諾したものの、その印として献上された宝冠、押木珠縵を使者根使主が盗み、それを隠すために断ったと虚偽の報告をしてしまい、その結果殺されてしまう。
- When Emperor Anko tried to marry his younger brother, Emperor Yuryaku, with Kusaka no Hatabi no Himemiko who was the younger maternal half-sister of Imperial Prince Okusaka, Imperial Prince Okusaka consented, but Kebutsu (the Artificial Buddha) and Oshiki no Tamakatsura Crown which were presented as a token of his consent were stolen by his envoy, Nenoomi; in order to hide this, Nenoomi gave a false report that Imperial Prince Okusada had not consented, and as a result, Imperial Prince Okusada was killed.
- しかしその結果、鳥居忠広、成瀬正義や、二俣城の戦いで開城の恥辱を雪ごうとした中根正照、青木貞治といった家臣をはじめ1,000人以上の死傷者を出し、平手汎秀といった織田軍からの援将が戦死するなど徳川・織田連合軍は惨敗した。
- However, as a result, the allied forces of Tokugawa and Oda were defeated miserably: More than 1,000 people, including Tadahiro TORII and Masayoshi NARUSE as well as Masateru NAKANE and Sadaharu AOKI, both of whom tried to clear the humiliation of having made the Futamata-jo Castle surrendered once, and Hirohide HIRATE, a general of Oda's reinforcements, died in the fight.
- 顕光は式次第を書き付けた草紙(ノート)を持って儀式に臨んだが、結果は儀式進行の手違いや失態が多く、またも公卿たちの嘲笑を買うことになり、実資は『小右記』に「(失態を)いちいち書いていては筆がすり切れる」と書き残している。
- Akimitsu brought detailed notes for the ceremony; however, there were many mistakes and blunders during the ceremony, causing more mockery from the public, for which Sanesuke wrote in his 'Shoyuki' that 'writing out all of his blunders will ruin the brush.'
- 政宗は、慶長5年11月に届いた家康からの書状を請け、慶長6年2月17日に「家臣等軍役ノ人数改メ」を命じて内々に出陣の準備をしていたが、上杉家が本多正信や結城秀康等を通じて降伏を願い出たため、結果的に上杉征伐は中止された。
- In response to the letter from Ieyasu which arrived in November, 1600, Masamune ordered 'a survey on a number of warriors including vassals in military service' on February 17, 1601 to secretly prepare for the battle, but the conquest of Uesugi was canceled as a result because the Uesugi family called for the surrender through Masanobu HONDA and Hideyasu YUKI.
- これは結果的には大多数の農民の負担を高めることにつながり、また土地の所有者がおらず納税が困難な入会地が事実上、政府に没収されたことなどから伊勢暴動、真壁暴動など一揆(地租改正反対一揆)が頻発し、自由民権運動へ影響を与えた。
- In terms of the consequence, this high tax rate resulted in increasing the burden of majority of the farmers; therefore, peasant revolts against the land-tax reform erupted including the Ise Revolt, Makabe Revolt; the part of the reason these revolts occurred lied in that the government virtually confiscated common land (iriaichi) from which the government could not expect to receive taxes; these revolts gave influence to the Jiyu MInken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).
- 治天の君は、自己の軍事力として北面武士を保持し、平氏や源氏などの武士とも主従関係を結んで重用したが、このことは結果的に、武力による政治紛争の解決への道を開くことになり、平氏政権の誕生や源氏による鎌倉幕府の登場につながった。
- Chiten no Kimi, holding Hokumen no Bushi (the Imperial Palace Guards) as his own military power, formed the relationships between lord and vassals with samurai such as the Taira and Minamoto clans and placed them in important positions, but as a result, it opened the way to solving political disputes by military power, and led to the birth of the Taira clan government and the establishment of the Kamakura Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) by the Minamoto clan.
- また、乾燥地帯が発生地ということは分かっているものの、飛来する砂塵の分析結果から、発生地は砂漠のみであるとする説、砂漠以外の乾燥した地域であるとする説、その両方であるとする説の3つが唱えられている(黄砂の成分・形状参照)。
- Although it is known that kosa originates in dry zones, there are the following three theories about the area where kosa actually originates: One of them limits the area to deserts alone, based on analysis of the dust that comes flying, another attributes the area to dry areas other than deserts, and the last one says that kosa originates in both deserts and dry areas (see the section of Components and shapes of kosa).
- もっとも、寺社への寄進などは全面禁止はされず、それ以外の他人和与についても禁止が命じられた後も売買や譲与、担保の対価として結果的に他人和与が行われる事態が相次ぎ、鎌倉幕府としても御家人役の仕組を維持することが困難となった。
- But due to the facts that donation to temples and shrines was not completely banned and that other forms of wayo to others were also continuously made even after the ban order was issued after all in consideration of the trade and transfer or as a collateral, the Kamakura bakufu faced difficulties in maintaining the system of gokeninyaku (duty assigned to shogunal retainers).
- 政府は8月13日に1000万円の国費を米価対策資金として支出する事を発表し、各都道府県に向けて米の安売りを実施させたが、騒動の結果、米価が下落したとの印象があるとの理由から8月28日にはこの指令を撤回し、安売りを打ち切った。
- On August 13, the government announced that they would spend the national treasury of 10 million yen as money for rice price and ordered each local government to sell rice at a cheap price, but took the order back and stopped the discount on August 28 since they judged that the rice price seemed to drop as a result of riots.
- 決定的とは認知されていない説だが、『魏略』には現在の半年を当時の日本が一年として数えていたという『倍年説』を基に歴史を再計算しその結果、神武天皇の即位は西暦181年であり、寿命は127歳の半分の63歳であったと主張している。
- It is not recognized as conclusive, but he recalculated years of the history according to 'Double Year Theory' which says in 'Weilue (Brief Account of the Wei Dynasty)', a half year of the present was counted as a year at that time in Japan, and as a result, he asserts that Emperor Jinmu was enthroned in 181 and his life duration was 63 years, half of 127 years.
- しかしプティジャンによるキリスト教徒発見と、明治政府による一連の弾圧行為の情報が欧米諸国を動かし、日本政府に対しキリスト教弾圧政策に圧力をかける結果に繋がり、江戸時代より禁教とされてきたキリスト教信仰の復活のきっかけとなった。
- However, when Petitjean discovered the Christians, the information regarding oppressive actions of the Meiji government toward Christians mobilized Western governments to pressure the Japanese government about policies supressing Christianity, which lead to the rehabillitation of Christianity, which had been prohibited since the Edo Period.
- 『源氏物語』に対して西洋の文学理論を適用することおよびそれに基づく分析手法を用いた結果導き出された「テーマ」に意味があるのかといった前提が問い直されていることも多く、それぞれがそれぞれの関心に基づいて論じているという状況である。
- People often doubted whether it was appropriate to apply the Western literary theory to 'The Tale of Genji' and whether the 'theme' derived from the analytical method based on the Western theory does make sense, so everybody would discuss it according to his or her interest.
- しかし、そのことをもって、御伽草子全てを婦女童幼の読み物であると断定するべきではなく、物語が庶民に楽しめるものになっていったこの時代に、色々な創作・享受の条件が複雑に重なった結果、御伽草子のような形の物語群が生まれたと思われる。
- However, that is not to say that all Otogi Zoshi were reading material only for women and children, and the narrative forms of Otogi Zoshi are thought to have been created as a result of complicated, overlapping conditions of various recreations during that period when narratives began to be enjoyed by general public.
- いわゆる「一目ぼれ」(訳も判らず一見で気に入ってしまうこと)や「癪に障る」(苛立たしいと感じる・怒りのうち抑圧 (心理学)され継続的なもの)など、当事者には説明しがたい感情に支配された結果、相性が良い/悪いとみなされる場合もある。
- The so-called 'love at first sight' (when one is attracted to someone without even knowing him/her) or 'getting under one's skin' (the emotion of frustration and anger that is suppressed (psychology) and continual) are the situations which are controlled by emotions inexplicable to the one experiencing it, and as a result of which causes one to feel that he/she has a good/bad aisho with the given person.
- その結果、中央財政にも影響を与えるようになり、宋王朝では乾興 (宋)元年(1022年)に官僚荘園を30頃、将吏衙前荘園を15頃に制限する提案が出されたものの失敗し、その後限田免役法を行って免役の範囲や寄進に制約を課そうとしている。
- As a result, the finance of the central government was influenced by this and during the Sung dynasty in 1022, the proposition that the manors owned by a bureaucrat be limited to 30 and shorigozenmaeshoen to 15 was issued but it failed and later the regulations of tax exemptions were promulgated to impose the restrictions on the range of tax exemptions and the donations.
- このようないくつかの現象の結果として、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけてのころには多くの『源氏物語』の写本が存在しているものの、家々が持つ写本ごとにその内容が違っており、どれが元の形であったのか分からないという状況になっていた。
- As a result, many different manuscripts of 'The Tale of Genji' had existed since the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period, but each of them was different and it was not certain which one maintained the original form.
- 生駒郡の安堵町、三郷町、平群町と北葛城郡の王寺町、上牧町、河合町(西和7町)との合併が審議されていたが、斑鳩町・王寺町・平群町で実施された住民投票の結果、財務状況が良好である斑鳩・王寺両町で反対票が多数となり、両町が合併協議会を離脱。
- The merger of Ando-cho, Sango-cho and Heguri-cho of Ikoma County and Kita-katsuragi County's Oji-cho, Kanmaki-cho and Kawai-cho (the seven Seiwa towns) was deliberated, but a referendum conducted in Ikaruga-cho, Oji-cho and Heguri-cho showed that the majority of Ikaruga and Oji citizens opposed the merger, resulting in the two towns withdrawing involvement.
- そうした雰囲気もあって、日本統治時代に様々な近代化が行われたことを認めつつも、近代化の萌芽は李氏朝鮮の時代に既に存在しており、日本による統治はそれらの萌芽を破壊することで、結果的には近代化を阻害したとする近代化萌芽論が独立後に現れた。
- Under those circumstances, the modernization germination theory, arguing modernization had already germinated in the Yi Dynasty Korea period, and the Japanese rule destroyed the germination, resulting in the impeded modernization, appeared after Korea's independence in spite of recognizing that the various modernization during the Japanese rule.
- なお、全ての異常な天文現象が天文密奏の対象になったわけではなく、天文博士・天文密奏宣旨授与者が占った結果、重大な変事の前兆と判断された出来事に限定され、天文博士・天文密奏宣旨授与者が異常の発生に気付かなかった場合も密奏は行われなかった。
- Tenmon misso was not performed for all the unusual astronomical phenomena but only for phenomena which had been divined by tenmon hakase or those who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso as an omen of a great calamity -- the phenomena which tenmon hakase and those who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso had failed to observe were not reported as tenmon misso either.
- これに対して、政府と海軍が陸軍と協議をした結果、内閣官制によって事務行為の代理については文官でも認められること、ただし、帷幄上奏に関する職務は軍令部長が代行すること、陸軍に対しては今回の件を前例とはしないことで、陸軍もこれを受け入れた。
- For that, as a result of the consultation between the government, the Navy, and the Army, the substitution of official activity by the civil officers would be admitted by the government regulations, but the duty as for the Iaku-joso (making comments on military affairs to the Emperor with full responsibility of the results) would be substituted by the Chief of the Naval General Staff, and the Army accepted that the affair this time would not become a precedent.
- ただ更に時代を下った近代では、陰陽五行思想は一般には余り気に掛けられず、専ら各々の人などが持つ要素・属性などの相互関係で、望ましい方向に発展することを「相性が良い」といい、どうも芳しくない結果に陥りがちな関係は「相性が悪い」と表現する。
- In the modern times, the philosophy of Onmyo gogyo is not much cared for in general; simply, when the mutual relationship between the elements or attributes of people develops to a desired direction, it is said to have a 'good aisho,' and when the combination may produces an undesirable result, it is said to have a 'bad aisho.'
- 農学者で思想家の新渡戸稲造は『武士道』(1900)において19世紀末の哲学や科学的思考を用いながら、島国の自然がどのようなもので、四季の移り変わりなどから影響を及ぼされた結果、社会という枠の中で日本人はどのように生きたのかを説明している。
- Agriculturist and thinker Inazo NITOBE explained the nature of the island country and how Japanese who lived in society were affected by the four seasons, using philosophy and scientific thinking of the late 19th century in 'Bushido' (1900).
- が、志方正和は公家が残した日記や源氏物語を研究した結果、藤原隆家の下で大宰少弐であった則隆の父藤原政則が、肥後国住人と記述されていることから、政則と則隆の代1070年ころ菊池周辺に土着したとする説を発表、この説が現在まで有力とされている。
- However, in his study on the diaries left by nobles and The Tale of Genji, Masakazu SHIKATA found that Noritaka's father, FUJIWARA no Masanori, who was Dazai no shoni (junior assistant governor of Dazaifu, local government office in Kyushu region) under FUJIWARA no Takaie, was mentioned as a resident of Higo Province, and on this finding, Shikata presented a theory that the family was settled in the vicinity of Kikuchi around 1070, during the generations of Masanori and Noritaka, and since then, this is considered as a theory with high credibility.
- その結果、大覚寺統傍流出身の後醍醐天皇子孫への皇位継承を認めないという結論に達したとき、これに反発した後醍醐天皇がこれを支持する公家と幕府に不満を抱く武士達の連携の動きが現われるのを見てクーデターを起こし、討幕運動へと発展する事になった。
- As a result, when the policy eventually reached the point of refusing to consider descendants of Emperor Godaigo, himself a scion of the Daikakuji lineage, as candidates for the throne, Emperor Godaigo was able to harness the long-festering resentment among warriors towards those who supported this policy--the nobility and the bakufu--and cooperate with them to launch a coup d'etat, which then developed into a full-scale rebellion against the bakufu.
- やがて、南北朝時代 (日本)に入ると、北朝 (日本)を擁する室町幕府(武家側)と南朝 (日本)の吉野朝廷(公家側)の対立によって、自己が所属する公権力側を「公儀」と呼ぶようになり、その結果幕府や将軍に対しても公儀が用いられるようになった。
- Eventually, in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), due to the conflict between the Muromachi bakufu (buke) which supported the Northern Court and the Yoshino Court (kuge), both sides called their official authority 'Kogi', which led to the use of Kogi towards the bakufu and shogun as well.
- 造高8メートルに及ぶこれらの巨像は、平成の解体修理の結果、像内納入文書から運慶、快慶、定覚、湛慶(運慶の子)が小仏師多数を率いてわずか2か月で造立したものであることがあらためて裏付けられ、運慶が制作の総指揮にあたったものと考えられている。
- These huge statues are eight meters tall, and as a result of renovation carried out recently, documents were found inside the statues confirming that Unkei, Kaikei, Jokaku, and Tankei (Unkei's son) led many Buddhist statue sculptors specialized in carving smaller items to carve the whole thing in only two months, and it is also believed that Unkei was in charge of the entire production process.
- その結果相撲史上初めて明治23年(1890年)5月場所、横綱が番付に明記(東方に張出、西ノ海は引退する明治29年(1896年)1月場所まで12場所、番付上は全て張出されている)され、この後横綱は名誉ではなく地位とみなされていくようになる。
- At the result, at the May Tournament in 1890, for the first time in the sumo history, the name of Yokozuna was written on the chart (his name was written in the margin of the east side and after that his name had been written in the margin through all the twelve tournaments until his last tournament in January 1896); and after that, Yokozuna became regarded not as an honor but as an official rank.
- 10月14日-15日に開かれた閣議は紛糾したが、採決で同数になった結果、この意見が通らないなら辞任する(西郷が辞任した場合、薩摩出身の官僚、軍人の多数が中央政府から抜けてしまう恐れがある)とした西郷の言に恐怖した議長の三条が即時派遣を決定。
- The cabinet meeting held on from October 14 to 15 got complicated, but chairman SANJO who was afraid of SAIGO's remark that he will resign when his idea couldn't put through as a result of a tie (there is a possibility that numerous bureaucracies and military men from Satsuma will leave from central government in case of Saigo's resignation), determined immediate dispatch.
- 結果として自由民権運動や大隈の唱えるフランス流やイギリス流を否定したものの、岩倉らの進めようとしたプロシア流についても一旦は白紙撤回されることとなった(勿論、これによってプロシア(ドイツ)流論者の政府内での立場が強化されたのは事実であるが)。
- As a result, the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, France style and England style, which were recommended by Okuma, were rejected but also Prussia style, which was recommended by Iwakura, was rejected (as a result, people who advocated Prussia (Germany) style strengthened their position).
- 乱を起こした側としては、治安維持の任につく武芸の家の者としての勲功認定、待遇改善を目指す動きを条件闘争的にエスカレートさせていった結果として叛乱に至ってしまった面を持ち、また鎮圧側も、乱を鎮圧することでやはり自らの勲功認定、待遇改善を図った。
- The Samurai that fought with the rebels aimed to gain formal recognition for their profession and improve the living conditions for the samurai families that were responsible for maintaining security, while the Samurai who fought against the rebels were also fighting for recognition and better conditions.
- ところで、現在京都市内には、多くの木造建築物や仏像などの文化財が数多く現存しているが、その理由として、これらの文化財は昭和初期までほとんどが住宅地の外にあり、幾たびかの市街地からの延焼をまぬがれてきたから存在するとの研究結果が認知されつつある。
- Many cultural properties including a large number of wooden buildings and Buddhist images exist in modern-day Kyoto City, and there is continuing recognition of research findings which claim that these cultural properties have survived because the majority of them were located outside of the residential area until the early Showa period and therefore escaped the fires that repeatedly spread from the urban center.
- この中には、敵兵力に対して実力を行使するだけでなく、隣接勢力に対する嫌がらせの意味も含め、日常的な焼討ちや、食料を断つ“刈り働き”(あるいは“青田刈り”)も含まれており、結果として、そのエスカレーションが、大規模な軍事行動を誘引する面もあった。
- Not only applying raw power against the enemy's armed forces, but also day-to-day attacking and burning or 'karibataraki (to send a small group of soldiers to an opponent's territory to cut wheat and rice off their fields and take it back (a kind of tactic that was used during the Sengoku Period) ' (or 'aotagari (literally, cutting off rice plants while it is still green)') to cut out the supply of foods as a kind of harassment to the opponent are included in such conflicts and as a result, escalation from such conflicts led to a large-scale military operation
- 北条氏と足利氏との融和策の一環として足利高氏(当時)に嫁ぎ、嫡男千寿王(のちの義詮)を産んだが、北条家への人質として鎌倉に差し出されたり、のちに高氏が鎌倉幕府に反抗したため、結果として兄の守時を含む北条一門が族滅の憂き目にあうなど辛酸をなめた。
- As a part of measures to reconcile the relationship between the Hojo clan and Ashikaga clan, she married Takauji ASHIKAGA and gave birth to the heir, Senjuo (later, Yoshiakira) and she went through many hardships that Yoshiakira was sent to Kamakura as a hostage for the Hojo family and that as Takauji later turned against the Kamakura bakufu, as a result, the Hojo family including her elder brother, Moritoki was ruined..
- その後、イギリス公使トーマス・ウェードの斡旋で和議が行われ、全権弁理大臣として大久保利通が北京に赴いて清国政府と交渉した結果、清が日本軍の出兵を義挙と認め賠償金50万両(テール)を日本に支払うことと引き換えに、征討軍の撤兵が行われることとなった。
- Afterwards, peace talks were held through the mediation of British envoy Thomas Wade and Toshimichi OKUBO went to Beijing as a minister extraordinary and plenipotentiary to negotiate with the Qing Government, as a result of which Japan committed to the withdrawal of the expeditionary force in exchange for Qing interpreting the dispatch of Japanese troops as an act of righteousness as well as paying 500 thousand liang (tael, which was a monetary unit formerly used in China) in compensation to Japan.
- 結果的には上記提案どおりであったが、両統迭立の約束自体が極めて不確実な状態のまま大覚寺統傍系の後醍醐が即位したことは、後醍醐が父後宇多の遺志に従わずに自分の子孫に皇位を継承させようとしたこともあり、南北朝時代 (日本)の両統並立に繋がっていった。
- The above proposal was achieved, but the enthronement of Godaigo, who was in the collateral line of Daikakuji-to, without a definite agreement on alternate succession led to the concurrent succession in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), where Godaigo attempted to make his descendant succeed to the throne irrespective of the wishes of his father Gouda.
- しかし翌月、遠征軍の編成が行われた結果、北陸道は平知度・平清房(宗盛の異母弟)・重衡・平資盛、東海道・東山道は維盛・平清経(重盛の子)、熊野は頼盛の子息2名、最も重要な洛中守護は宗盛・教盛・経盛・頼盛・平知盛が担当した(『玉葉』10月10日条)。
- In the following month, however, a reorganization of the expeditionary force resulted in the following changes: TAIRA no Tomonori, TAIRA no Kiyofusa (Munemori's younger brother by a different mother), Shigehira, and TAIRA no Sukemori were placed in charge of Hokurikudo; Koremori, TAIRA no Kiyotsune (Shigemori's son) were placed in charge of Tokaido and Tosando; Yorimori's two sons of Kumano; and Munemori, Norimori, Tsunemori, Yorimori, and TAIRA no Tomomori were placed in charge of the most important task, that of Rakuchu shugo (safeguarding Kyoto) (see the entry for October 10 in the 'Gyokuyo').
- これに対しては幕府内反対派の林家から「国王は天皇を指し、将軍が国王を名乗るべきではなく、無用の改変。平地に波風を立てるもの」、また対馬藩藩儒雨森芳洲から「李氏朝鮮は急激な変革を特に嫌う。再考願いたい」とそれぞれ反論をうけたが結果として実現している。
- The Hayashi family, one of the bakufu members opposing Arai's plan, insisted, 'King means Emperor, therefore, Shogun should not introduce himself as King, this is an useless reform. This only causes a flutter in the dovecotes,' and also Hoshu AMENOMORI, a Confusion scholar in Tsushima domain opposed it saying, 'the Joseon Dynasty doesn't like sudden reformation. Please reconsider,' but as a result, the changes were implemented.
- 更にその五摂家の当主ですら幕府が摂政・関白の任命権を事実上掌握している以上、幕府の意向に反する事は出来なかったために、その結果、幕府→摂家・武家伝奏(最大でも5+4名)→天皇及び諸公家という幕府にとっては非常に効率の良い朝廷統制の仕組みが完成した。
- Moreover, as long as the bakufu virtually controlled the right of appointment of regent or chief advisor to the Emperor, even the family head of the Gosekke could not oppose the intention of the bakufu, and the system for controlling the Imperial Court, which was the orderly sequence from the bakufu through the sekke/samurai families (five plus four people at most) to the Emperor and each court noble, was thereby established as an extremely efficient system for the bakufu.
- この方針は建武政権崩壊後に成立した北朝 (日本)においても継承され、当主もしくは嫡男・猶子が家督の継承時や新たな治天の君の登場時などに家門と家領の一括安堵を受けることになり、結果的には当主の家督を含めた「家」そのものの安堵の役割を果たすことになった。
- The policy was carried forth in the North Court (Japan), which was established after the fall of Kemmu Restoration; when a family head, a legitimate son or an adopted child inherited the family estate, or when a new chiten no kimi (the retired Emperor who organized politics) appeared, the family reign and estate were approved as a whole; consequently, the 'family' itself, including the headman's estate, was stabilized.
- 平安後期に都でもてはやされた定朝様(じょうちょうよう)の仏像は、浅く平行して流れる衣文、円満で穏やかな表情、浅い肉付けに特色があり、平安貴族の好みを反映したものであったが、分業制で同じような仏像を量産した結果、無個性でマンネリ化した作風に陥っていた。
- Buddhist statues of the Jocho-yo (Jocho style), which was hugely popular in the capital in the late Heian period, were characterized by smooth creases in the clothes that were carved shallow and parallel, facial expressions that looked satisfied and calm, and only little amplification of form, representing the taste of Heian aristocrats; however, as a result of mass production of similar Buddhist statues through division of labor, the statues were no longer unique and always looked the same.
- 翌年に南朝の北畠親房や楠木正儀らが京都へ侵攻すると、義詮は京を逃れて近江国へ避難した結果、光厳天皇、光明天皇、崇光天皇の三太上天皇を奪われたが、観応の年号を復活させるとともに兵を募って京都を奪還し、三種の神器の無い状態で新たに後光厳天皇を即位させる。
- In the following year the Southern Dynasty's Chikafusa KITABATAKE and Masanori KUSUNOKI invaded Kyoto; and although three former Emperors, Kougon, Komyo, and Suko, were captured because Yoshiakira fled the capital and took refuge in Oumi province, he restored the name of the era to Kanno while recruiting an army to regain Kyoto, and enthroned Emperor Gokougon without the Three Sacred Treasures.
- また5世紀末から6世紀初めにかけて、それまで首長墓を造営してきた古墳群の多くが衰退し、新興の古墳群が出現していることから、ワカタケル大王の王権強化策は成功したが、その一方で旧来の勢力からの反発を招き、その結果として王権が一時的に弱体化したとの説もある。
- Furthermore, since towards the end of the fifth and the beginning of the sixth centuries many of the old burial mounds where chiefs were entombed went into decline and new types of burial mounds emerged, it is thought that King Wakatakeru's strategy for strengthening sovereignty succeeded, although his power was temporarily weakened by rebellions from the former powers.
- 1664年、景勝の孫上杉綱勝が急死して断絶の危機を迎えたが、綱勝の舅保科正之(徳川家光の実弟)の尽力により、妹婿吉良義央(上野介、扇谷上杉家の女系子孫)の子上杉綱憲が綱勝の養子に入りした結果、半知15万石(実高30万石余)で家名存続することを許された。
- In 1664, Kagekatsu's grandson, Tsunakatsu UESUGI, died suddenly and there was a danger of the family dying out, but due to efforts by Tsunakatsu's father-in-law, Masayuki HOSOKAWA, who was a younger brother of Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, Tsunanori UESUGI, the son of his daughter's husband, Yoshihira KIRA (Kozu no suke, descendant of the female side of Ogigayatsu Uesugi family) became an adopted son of Tsunakatsu, and as a result the family was permitted to continue its family name with a half stipend of 150,000 koku (30,000 koku in actuality).
- 初め百済大井宮(くだらのおおいのみや、大阪府河内長野市太井・奈良県北葛城郡広陵町百済・大阪府富田林市甲田・奈良県桜井市など諸説あり)を皇居としたが、575年卜占の結果に従い、訳語田幸玉宮(おさたのさきたまのみや(他田宮)、現在の奈良県桜井市戒重へ遷った。。
- Although at first, the Imperial Palace used to be Kudara Oinomiya (in terms of the location of which, there are various theories such as Oi, Kawachinagano City, Osaka Prefecture, Kudara, Koryo-cho Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara Prefecture, Koda, Tondabayashi City, Osaka Prefecture, Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture), following the result of bokusen (divination), it moved to Osata no Sakitama no Miya (Wosada Miya) located in present-day Kaiju, Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture in 575.
- 独身の女帝に後継者はなく、度重なる政変による粛清劇によって天武天皇の子孫たる皇族がなかったため、左大臣藤原永手、右大臣吉備真備、参議藤原宿奈麻呂、同藤原縄麻呂、同石上宅嗣、近衛府藤原蔵下麻呂らによる協議が行われ、その結果を受けて、62歳で即位することとなった。
- As the Empress was single and had no successor, and because there was no imperial family members who were descendants of Emperor Tenmu due to the repeated purges in political changes, FUJIWARA no Nagate, Minister of the Left, KIBI no Makibi, Minister of the Right, FUJIWARA no Sukunamaro, Sangi (councilor), FUJIWARA no Tadamaro, Sangi, ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu, Sangi, FUJIWARA no Kurajimaro, Division of Inner Palace Guard, and others had talks, which led to his accession to the imperial throne at the age of 62.
- 天皇や太上天皇・太上法皇(いわゆる治天の君)の意思あるいは公卿の会議「陣定」の結果を統裁・決定した事項は、蔵人から支持の伝達を受けた上卿(陣定の首席大臣)が陣定において発する口頭形式による命令(宣)を通じて、弁官・外記の手によって文書化されて相手に通達される。
- The emperor or the emperor Daijo/Cloistered emperor Daijo (the so called Chiten no kimi)'s intentions, or the results matters of the Court noble's meeting 'Jin no sadame' that had been governed and decided were issued in Jin no sadame by Shokei (the leading minister) receiving the notification of the instructions from Kurodo (imperial archives keeper) issued the command in the oral format, and were documented by benkan (Oversight Department:division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices) and gaiki (Secretary of the Grand Council of State) and notified to the targeted people.
- さらに、政治学者の丸山眞男は、甲申事変が三日天下に終わったことの挫折感と、日本・清国政府・李氏政権がそれぞれの立場から甲申事変の結果を傍観・利用したことに対する不満から、「「脱亜論」の社説はこうした福沢の挫折感と憤激の爆発として読まれねばならない」と説明する。
- A scholar of political science, Masao MARUYAMA said that, from frustration of the Gapsin Coup being short-lived and disappointment toward Japan, the Chinese government and the Yi government when all of them were just watching the Coup and using the results, 'the editorial of the 'Datsu-A Ron' should be read as an emotional explosion of Fukuzawa's frustration and rage.'
- ところが、歴史研究家の立花京子が晴豊の日記全体の「被申候」使用例を分析した結果、村井貞勝の言葉と解釈し、独断専行を嫌う信長に無断で貞勝が発言するはずがないとし、信長の将軍任官の意向を踏まえたものであったと主張したことにより、歴史学者の間で賛否両論の論争となった。
- However, Kyoko TACHIBANA, a researcher of history, studied usages of '被申候'in other passages across Haretoyo's diary and concluded it was what Sadakatsu MURAI said, arguing that Sadakatsu would never say such a thing without Nobunaga's permission because Nobunaga disliked his followers' arbitrary decisions or executions, and that he represented Nobunaga's wish to gain the post, which led to controversies of pros and cons among historians.
- だが、延べ数十万の兵士を都に集結させて11年にもわたり戦闘が続いたにも関わらず、主だった将が戦死することもなく、ただ惰性的に争いを続けてきた挙句に守護大名たちが獲得を目指していた幕府権力そのものが権威を失墜させてしまい、結果的に獲得するものは何もなかったのである。
- However, in spite of the 11-year duration of the war involving an aggregate of hundreds of thousands of soldiers mobilized into the capital, it was a war continued by inertia, tolling the life of none of major military leaders; moreover, the authority of the Bakufu power itself, which shugo daimyos had been vying for, was already lost, eventually nothing for them to win.
- 朝鮮半島においては、高麗のモンゴル帝国干渉期から李氏朝鮮まで他国の冊封体制下にあったため太子の称号が使えず、国王の継承者は「王世子」と呼ばれていたが、日清戦争の結果、下関条約が結ばれた事により清国の冊封から外れ、国号を大韓と改めた際に「皇太子」を使うようになった。
- Since the Korean peninsula was under the tributary system from the Goryeo period which was subjected to the interference by the Mongolian Empire to Joseon Dynasty, the successor to the king was called '王世子 (crown prince)', but since the Treaty of Shimonoseki was concluded as a result of Sino-Japanese War, Korea was released from the tributary system of the Qing,, the name of the country was changed to Korea and 'Crown Prince' came into use.
- だが、本来東京都は花粉症増加の原因をディーゼル自動車の排気ガスに求め、排ガス汚染との関連はみられないという疫学調査の結果が出たにもかかわらず、その規制を強行した自治体であることは記しておかねばならない(ただし、規制そのものは花粉症のみのために行なったものではない)。
- However, it must be said that Tokyo is an autonomous body that enforced diesel regulation based on the concept that exhaust fumes from diesel vehicles was the cause for increases in pollinosis despite epidemiological investigation findings that there is no relationship between exhaust gas pollution and pollinosis (although these regulations did not pertain only to pollinosis).
- また元の侵攻は阻止したものの、今までの幕府の戦争と違い全くの外国が相手であったため、この戦いによって実質的に獲得したものは何も無く、そのため出征した武士(御家人)への恩賞の支払いが少なかったこともあって、「いざ鎌倉」といった幕府と御家人との信頼関係を損ねる結果となる。
- And although the bakufu managed to fend off the Mongol invasions, these two battles were unlike any previous conflicts in that the enemy was from a genuinely foreign country, meaning that no land to speak of had been confiscated and thus that there was very little with which to reward the warriors (gokenin) who had fought to repulse the invaders, which led to a souring of the relationship between the bakufu and its gokenin, who had faithfully responded to the bakufu's emergency summons.
- なお、後述の滝川一益や前田利家、この2人は確かな結果を出しているため比較対象には適切ではなく(利家は信盛とは地位・権限や態度にも大きな違いがある)、信盛が軍費をケチった為に本願寺勢に打撃をあたえられず、数年間もの間持たせ、またその費用を道楽につぎ込んだようにも見える。
- Kazumasu TAKIGAWA and Toshiie MAEDA, later mentioned, are not appropriate for comparison with Nobumori since they produced adequate results (Toshiie is greatly different from Nobumori in position and authority), but it looks as if Nobumori could not damage the army of Hongan-ji Temple and let the situation drag on since he was stingy about the military costs, and as if he spent that money on pleasure.
- このように軍隊が所属する国家の通貨制度とは分離して軍票を使用する制度を用いるのは、自国の通貨を使用すると通貨供給量が激増し、結果的にはインフレーションで経済破綻する恐れがあるほか、敵国に自国通貨が渡ると工作資金になる危険性があるなど、戦略面からの要請があるためである。
- The reason a military force used their military currency instead of using their own country's monetary system was as follows; the total money supply might increase drastically, which could lead to inflation and economic disaster if they used their own country's currency; the country's currency might be used for power-keeping maneuver if their enemy country got it.
- この著書で水野は、古事記の記載(天皇の没した年の干支や天皇の諡など)を分析した結果、崇神から推古に至る天皇がそれぞれ血統の異なる古・中・新の3王朝が交替していたのではないかとする説を立てたが、これは皇統の万世一系という概念を覆す可能性のある繊細かつ大胆な仮説であった。
- In this book, MIZUNO, by analyzing description of the Kojiki (including the Oriental zodiac signs of the years an emperor died and okurina [the honorary name given to an emperor after his death]), came up with a sensitively exciting hypothesis that three dynasties in different blood lines such as old, middle, and new, were changed from Emperor Sujin to Empress Suiko, which could turn over the concept of the unbroken imperial line.
- 皮肉にも7月になって大久保利通と木戸孝允・大隈重信の対立を原因とする政争の結果、大蔵省首脳が民部省の同じ役職を兼務していたことで統合されていた民部省に新たに東京府知事であった大木喬任が大隈の後任の民部大輔に就任し、吉井友実(少輔)・松方正義(大丞)ら大久保派が就任した。
- Ironically in July, Takato OKI who was the Governor of Tokyo prefecture was inaugurated as Minbu no taifu (a senior assistant minister of the Ministry of Popular Affairs) of Minbusho that was in effect unified with Okurasho because the heads of Okurasho doubled as the corresponding posts of Minbusho, succeeding OKUMA, together with Tomozane YOSHII and Masayoshi MATSUKATA (who was Taijo, Senior Secretary) also assuming office, as a result of the political strife caused by the confrontation between Toshimitsu OKUBO against Takayoshi KIDO and Shigenobu OKUMA.
- 田口掬汀は、海老瀬村の鉱毒被害者向けの診療所の医師に聞いた話として、忙しくて統計はとっていないが、ひと月に2300名を越える患者を診断し、うち半数が眼病であったが、これは地質が及ぼす結果だろうとこの医師は推測していることを佐藤儀助編『亡国の縮図』(1902年)で紹介している。
- In 'Bokoku no Shukuzu' (The Epitome of the Perishing Nation) (1902) compiled by Gisuke SATO, Kikutei TAGUCHI refered to a doctor's story; the doctor had been working at a clinic for the victims of the mining pollution in Ebise Village, and although he had not taken statistics because he was very busy, he treated over 2,300 patients in a month and a half of them suffered from eye diseases, and he estimated they were caused by some qualities of the lands.
- 結果、4月4日に勅使(先鋒総督橋本実梁・同副総督柳原前光)が江戸城に入り、慶喜は水戸にて謹慎すること、江戸城は尾張徳川家に預けること等とした条件を勅諚として伝え、4月11日 (旧暦)(同5月3日)に江戸城は無血開城され、城は尾張藩、武器は肥後藩の監督下に置かれることになった。
- As a result, on April 26, the Imperial envoy (the spearhead commander, Saneyana HASHIMOTO and the deputy spearhead commander, Sakimitsu YANAGIWARA) entered Edo Castle, and delivered the Imperial order that Yoshinobu be confined to Mito, and that Edo Castle be entrusted to the Owari-Tokugawa family; on May 3, the bloodless surrender was accepted, and the weapons and Edo Castle were each placed under the supervision of the Owari and Higo Domains.
- だが、訴訟を終結させるための条件もしくは結果として贈与としての和与を行う例は平安時代末期には既に見られた(例相馬御厨の領主の地位を巡って伊勢神宮禰宜間で交わされた和与状(『檪木文書』「仁安二年六月十四日付皇太神宮権祢宜荒木田明盛和与状」(『平安遺文』第7巻3425号所収))。
- But, there was already the case in which wayo, in the sense of gift, was made as a condition for or result of ending a lawsuit in the end of Heian period (e.g., wayo deed between negi [Shinto priests] of Ise-jingu Shrine regarding feudal lordship of Soma-mikuriya [private estate of Soma ranch] ['wayo deed of Akimori ARAKIDA, Gonnegi of Kotai-jingu Shrine, dated July 9, 1167' of 'The Kunugi Documents' [included in 'Heian Ibun' [Documents of the Heian Period] Volume 7, No. 3425]].
- 日本では、天文博士あるいは天文密奏宣旨を受けた天文学・占星術に通じた人物が、異常な天文現象を見つけた際には、占いの結果と過去に発生した同様の事例から勘案してその意味を解釈したものを観測記録とともに奏書に認めて密封して、速やかに陰陽頭を通じて天皇に対して上奏されることとなっていた。
- In Japan, it was decided that upon observing an unusual astronomical phenomenon, tenmon hakase (a master of astronomy) or a person who was well versed in astrology and astronomy and had received an imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso should draw up a document stating what it symbolized by taking into account the divination and similar cases in the past, and observations; seal it; and directly submit it to the emperor through Onmyo no kami (Director of Onmyoryo, or Bureau of Divination) at once.
- 桐野作人は、朝廷黒幕説への自己批判という意味からか「信長は、毛利水軍を牽制するために長宗我部氏が必要だったが、本願寺の退去と毛利水軍の衰微が長宗我部氏を必要としなくなっていった。その結果、長宗我部氏との親戚・婚姻関係樹立に尽力した光秀と利三の立場が危うくなった」という説を唱えた。
- Probably as self-recrimination against the view that the imperial court was the mastermind of this revolt, Sakujin KIRINO advocated, 'Nobunaga needed the Chosokabe clan in order to contain the navy of the Mori clan, but because of deportation of Honganji and decline of the navy of the Mori clan made the Chosokabe clan needless for Nobunaga. As a result, the position of Mitsuhide and Toshimitsu, who made best effort to establish the relation of relative and matrimonial relation with the Chosokabe clan became undermined.'
- (一説に、中大兄皇子が同母妹の間人皇女と不倫関係を持っていた為に乙巳の変から15年以上経過してもなお即位できなかったとの説や、反対に間人皇女(=中皇命)は中継ぎの大王として即位していたとの説もある。中大兄皇子が(結果的に)晩年にやっと即位した理由については他にも様々な説がある。)
- (There is another theory that Prince Naka no Oe could not succeed to the throne fifteen years after Isshi-no-hen (a Murder in the Year of Isshi), since he had an affair with his real younger sister, Princess Hashihito, or as opposed to this, it was said Princess Hashihito (Nakatsusumera-mikoto) was enthroned as a temporal Emperor. There are various theories concerning the reason why Prince Naka no Oe was finally enthroned in his later years.)
- 特に加賀国においては教団への保護の約束を信じて蓮如自身が一揆とともに守護富樫氏の内紛に加担(文明_(日本)5年の「多屋衆決議文」)し、その後教団の力を恐れた富樫氏が弾圧を加えたため門徒らが激しく抵抗し、結果的に富樫氏を倒して一国を領有する事態となってしまっていた(加賀一向一揆)。
- Especially in Kaga Province, Rennyo himself participated in the internal conflict of the Togashi clan, a provincial military governor, along with the Ikki army, believing Togashi's protection for his religious community ('Taya-shu ketsugi bun' [Resolution of Taya Group] in 1473), but after that, the Togashi clan who feared the power of the religious community oppressed them which the followers fiercely resisted to the extent that they overthrew the Togashi clan and owned the province (Kaga Ikko-Ikki Revolt).
- 2005年放送の「その時歴史が動いた:戦国をひらいた男~北条早雲 56才からの挑戦~」(日本放送協会、ゲスト:小和田哲男静岡大学教授)では、早雲を幕府の高級官僚としているが、年齢については享年88説を採り「大器晩成」として描いている(諸説を検討の結果一般的な説を採用したとのこと)。
- In the documentary, 'Movement of History: The Man that started the Warring States Period - Soun HOJO, Challenge from the age of 56' (NHK, Guest: Tetsuo OWADA, Professor of Shizuoka University), broadcast in 2005, Soun is described as 'a late bloomer' who became a high ranking officer in the Bakufu government and who died at the age of 88 (a generally accepted theory that was adopted after reviewing various theories).
- しかしながら途上国の言い分である「先進国の結果責任に基づいて自主的に二酸化炭素排出量を減らす努力義務を途上国が負うのは身勝手」との意見も根強く、京都議定書の次のスキームを構築する作業は残念ながら遅遅として進んでおらず、京都議定書は一過性のもので失敗に終わる可能性が高いと見る意見がある。
- However, developing countries strongly insist that 'it is unfair for developing countries to undertake the obligation to reduce the emission amount of carbon dioxide voluntarily on the basis of the outcome brought about by developed countries,' and the task to establish the next scheme for Kyoto Protocol has regrettably made little progress, and some people say that Kyoto Protocol is transient and will probably end up as a failure.
- が、結果的には他の学科が学科名と博士の称号の合致を見ている(明経道=明経博士、算道=算博士、明法道では当初律学博士という呼称が用いられたものの後に明法博士と改称された)ことから、明治以後に文章道と紀伝道が別々に存在したのが紀伝道が文章道に併合されたという誤った解釈を流布させる原因となった。
- However, as all other subject names and titles of hakase corresponded with each other (myogyo hakase for myogyodo, san hakase (professor of mathematics) for sando and myobo hakase for myobodo in which once the title of ritsugaku hakase (professor of the law in the Ritsuryo system) was used but changed to myobo hakase later on), it left room for misunderstanding after the Meiji period that monjodo and kidendo existed separately and kidendo was absorbed into monjodo.
- この法令によって意図されたものとしては、今後の室町幕府の土地に関する基本的原則と所領訴訟に対する姿勢が確立して、結果的には守護領国制が事実上公認されたこと、半済から守られることとなった天皇家や摂関家との関係を強化して後年の義満による朝廷・院政支配への道を開いたことの意味の方が大きいと言える。
- Among the goals in the enactment of this law, the following points can be regarded as more significant than others: First, the basic principles of administration of territories and the basic approach toward litigation over territories were established by the Muromachi bakufu, resulting in the de facto recognition of the Shugo-ryogoku system; second, the relationships with the Imperial family and Sekkan-ke, both of which were exempt from hanzei by this law, were strengthened, clearing the way for Yoshimitsu to rule over the Imperial Court and the Retired Emperor in later years.
- (『水鏡』では、光仁天皇が皇后と賭け事で「自分が勝ったら后に絶世の美女を紹介してもらおう。自分が負けたら后に若く逞しい男性を与えよう」と言い、結果皇后の勝ちであったために息子の山部親王(後の桓武天皇)を差し出したところ、皇后が若い親王に夢中になってしまったのが事件の原因であるという話が見える)
- ('Mizu Kagami' [The Water Mirror] contains a story that Emperor Konin told the empress, 'if I win, you give me a lady of great beauty. If I loose, I give you a young and strong man,' and the empress won, so his son Imperial Prince Yamanobe (later Emperor Kanmu) was introduced to her, and she got so attracted to the young prince, causing the incident.
- また、明治時代末期から第二次世界大戦敗戦まで、当時の政府の公式見解においては、南朝 (日本)を正統な皇統としてこの時代を「南北朝時代 (日本)」と称していたが、その結果、北朝 (日本)が任じた初代尊氏・2代足利義詮・3代足利義満(南北朝合一以前)は正式な将軍とは認められていなかった(皇国史観)。
- Also, according to the official opinion of the government at the time, from the end of the Meiji period until defeat in World War II, Nancho (Japan) was regarded as the legitimate imperial line, and this age was referred to as the 'period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan)'; because of such a view, the first shogun Takauji, the second shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA and the third shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA were not acknowledged as official shoguns (based on imperial history).
- この結果法学部教官は、解決案により要求が達成されたとして辞表を撤回した残留組(中島玉吉、末広重雄、牧健二など)と、辞表を撤回せず解決案を拒否した辞職組に分裂し、前記6教授以外に恒藤恭(のちの大阪市立大学初代学長)および田村徳治の教授2名、助教授5名、専任講師以下8名が辞職という形で事件は決着した。
- As a result, law faculty staff became divided into those who decided that their demands had been reached by the solution and retracted their resignations and stayed (Tamakichi NAKAJIMA, Shigeo SUEHIRO, Kenji MAKI, etc.), and those who resigned because they did not retract their resignations and refused the solution, who were the aforementioned six professors, two professors, Kyo TSUNETO (later the first president of Osaka Prefectural University) and Tokuji TAMURA, five associate professors and eight lecturers and the incident was concluded.
- 勧悪懲悪(かんあくちょうあく)とは、勧善懲悪において、本来であれば悪に値する存在(強盗、殺し屋、闇金、女衒など)が様々な理由(猛悪に対する正義心や義侠心の発露、仲間の裏切りや取り分の相違、権力闘争、あるいは助平心など)によって、悪と対峙する立場になり、結果的に(他方の視点からして)悪を懲らしめる。
- In Kanaku Choaku, someone considered to belong originally to the evil side (e.g. bandit, hired killer, black-market lender, or woman trafficking broker) is put into a position in conflict with evil for many different reasons (e.g. the emergence of a feeling of justice or a chivalrous spirit against a greater evil, a peer's betrayal, a disagreement about the sharing of the spoils, a power struggle, or greed) and consequently punishes the greater evil (from the other's point of view).
- 天保14年(1843年)に顕彰は勧修寺家歴代が補任されてきた蔵人に任じられたものの、彼を取り巻く諸問題が尾を引いた結果、弘化3年(1846年)秋の放生会での「御混乱」をきっかけに「所労」を理由に自宅に引き籠ってしまったのである(袖岡文景(勧修寺家雑掌)『山城国京都袖岡玄蕃助家記』弘化4年2月14日条)。
- Although Akiteru was appointed to Kurodo (Chamberlain), the government post the Kashuji family had been successively appointed to, he shut himself off from the public, saying that he was 'exhausted and sick' from the lingering various problems surrounding him after showing 'behavioral disorder' at 'Hojoe (the ritual for releasing living beings)' in the autumn of 1846. (The section of February 14, the 4th year of Koka era in 'Yamashiro no Kuni Kyoto SODEOKA Genbanosuke Kaki' [The Family Chronicle of Genbanosuke SODEOKA in Kyoto, Yamashiro Province] written by Fumikage SODEOKA [a Zassho [or Karei: butler] of the Kashuji family]).
- そのため、訴人と論人の双方が訴訟機関(鎌倉幕府では鎌倉・六波羅探題・鎮西府)に対して2通の和与状を提出し、訴訟機関の審査の結果正当な和与と認められた場合には和与状に訴訟担当奉行の証判が押され、和与状の内容を承認したことを示す裁許状・下知状が訴訟当事者双方に交付されることで法的拘束力を有することとなった。
- Given this situation, the private wayo was made legally binding, provided that both the plaintiff and defendant submitted two copies of wayo deed to legal institutions (Kamakura, Rokuhara Tandai [the office of shogunal deputy in Kyoto], and Chinzei-fu [local government office in Kyushu region] in the case of the Kamakura bakufu), a magistrate in charge of the suit placed the certifying seal on the wayo deed after wayo in question was justified as a result of the examination by the legal institutions, and saikyojo (judicial decisions) and gechijo (commands) to show that contents of the wayo deed were approved were issued to the parties to the suit.
- クリーン開発メカニズム (CDM Clean Development Mechanism) とは、先進国が開発途上国に技術・資金等の支援を行い温室効果ガス排出量を削減、または吸収量を増幅する事業を実施した結果、削減できた排出量の一定量を先進国の温室効果ガス排出量の削減分の一部に充当することができる制度である。
- Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a mechanism in which developed countries support developing countries in fields such as technology and finance so as to reduce the amount of emissions of greenhouse gases and/or carry out activities to increase the amount of carbon dioxide absorption; and a certain amount of the consequently reduced emissions can be used partly as an amount of emissions of greenhouse gases in the developed countries.
- たとえば酒造りには「汲水延ばし(くみみずのばし)」などと表現される技法があり、これは通常の酒造りにおいては精米1石に対して水1石を加えていたものを、寛文年間に改良された寒造りなどでは加える水を1.2~1.3石とするため、結果として1石の籾米から生酒1石以上が生産され、酒垂れ歩合は1.00以上になるからである。
- One koku of water is usually added to one koku of polished rice to produce sake, but for example, a method of brewing sake in winter, which is invented in the Kanbun era, uses 1.2 to 1.3 koku of water using a sake brewing technique called 'kumimizu nobashi' (drawn water dilution), so more than one koku of pure sake is eventually produced from one koku of unhulled rice with a sakedare percentage being more than 1.00.
- その結果藩札481貫110匁(金換算8,019両)が回収され、未発行分の230貫190匁(同3,836両)と合わせた合計711貫300匁(同11,855両、当時の藩財政の約1/6相当にあたる)が、方谷の命令によって嘉永5年(1852年)9月5日_(旧暦)領内の高梁川にある近似川原(ちかのりがわら)に集められた藩士・領民の目前で焼却処分された。
- As a result, 481 kan and 110 monme (8,019 ryo of gold) of the han bills collected and 230 kan and 190 monme (3.836 ryo of gold) of unissued han bills (711 kan and 300 monme [11,855 ryo of gold, one sixth of their fund] in total) were burned in front of feudal retainers and the people of the domain at Chikanorigawara beside Takahashi-gawa River by the order of Hokoku on September 5, 1852 (old lunar calendar).
- 後期京極派においては、永福門院、花園天皇、光厳院らが主要な歌人として活躍し、十七番目の勅撰集『風雅和歌集』(花園院下命、光厳院親撰)が編まれたが、観応の擾乱によって光厳院ら持明院統の要人が南朝側に監禁された結果、持明院統宮廷が大きな打撃を受け、そして光厳院が監禁されている間に持明院統を継いだ後光厳院が二条派を重んじたため、思わしい後嗣を得ないままに断絶した。
- In the later period of the Kyogoku school's history, Shoshi SAIONJI (also known by her Buddhist name, Eifukumonin), Emperor Hanazono, and Emperor Kogon were its principal active poets, and Kogon (by order of Emperor Hanazono) was selected to compile the 17th Imperial waka anthology, 'Fuga wakashu' (Collected Elegant Waka), but during the Kanno Disturbance, the most important members of the Jimyoin lineage imperial court such as Emperor Kogon were put under confinement by Southern Court forces, and as a result the Jimyoin lineage imperial court suffered a major blow to its power and prestige, and while Emperor Kogon was still under house arrest, Emperor Gokogon, the successor to both the Jimyoin lineage and to the poetic traditions of the Kyogoku school, switched his allegiance to the Nijo school, leaving the Kyogoku school facing extinction, without a suitable successor.
- 神亀6年(729年)2月、漆部造君足(ぬりべのみやつこきみたり)と中臣宮処東人(なかとみのみやこのむらじあずまひと)が「長屋王は密かに左道を学びて国家を傾けんと欲す。」と密告があり、それをうけて藤原宇合(ふじわらのうまかい)らの率いる六衛府の軍勢が長屋王の邸宅を包囲し、舎人親王などによる糾問の結果、長屋王はその妃吉備内親王と子の膳夫王らを縊り殺させ服毒自殺した。
- Nuribe no miya tsukokimitari and Nakatomi no miya konomuraji azumahito got secret information that 'Prince Nagaya was led into the wrong course and wished to subvert the state', so the troops of rokuefu (six guard divisions) led by FUJIWARA no Umakai besieged the residence of Prince Nagaya and, as a result of inquiries by Imperial Prince Toneri and others, Prince Nagaya ordered to strangle his empress Imperial Princess Kibi and his son Kashiwade no Okimi to death and killed himself with poison.
- 徳川吉宗は享保八年(1723年)九月から享保九年(1724年)四月の間の9263人の急激な人口減少、享保十年(1725年)四月から六月の間の1万0394人の急激な人口増加に気付き、季節的な人口変動の理由を調べさせた結果、冬の火災の多さから特に子女は近隣実家等へ疎開する、春以降火災からの復興再建や土蔵の建築が増えて労働転入者も増える、などといった実態が判明している。
- In gathering demographic information, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA noticed a sharp population decline of 9,263 persons between September 1723 to April 1724 and a population surge of 10,394 persons between April and June 1725; After ordering an investigation into the seasonal fluctuations in population, it was discovered that frequent fires in winter prompted women and children to take shelter in neighboring towns and parental residences, and reconstruction work and the construction of dozo (earthen storehouse) from spring brought in an influx of workers.
- 黄砂の粒子が森林や海洋の上にあるときは太陽放射を遮蔽する日傘効果(冷却)、黄砂の粒子が雪や氷河の上にあるときは太陽光線を吸収して大気を暖める効果(加熱)、黄砂の粒子が雲核となって地球上の雲の分布を左右する効果(冷却・加熱)、黄砂に含まれる成分が植物やプランクトンに作用することで炭素循環に作用する効果などがあり、結果的にどう作用するかは現在はっきりと分かっていない。
- Today, the following are known as effects caused by kosa, but it is not known clearly how kosa works completely: When being placed over forests or sea, kosa grains provide the so-called umbrella effect to prevent the penetration of the sunlight (cooling effect); When being placed on snow areas or glaciers, they provide the effect of warming the air through absorbing sunlight (heating); Being able to become nuclei of generating clouds, they provide the effect of controlling the distribution of clouds above the earth; Because substances included in kosa affect the growth of plants and planktons, kosa also provides the effect of affecting the carbon cycle.
- この結果、土地は天皇のものであり、臣民は天皇または領主からその使用を許されているに過ぎないと考える公地公民制思想(王土王民説)や封建領主による領主権や村などの地域共同体による共同保有といった封建制度的な土地保有形態が完全に崩壊し、土地にも保有者個人の所有権が存在する事が初めて法的に認められることになり、土地が個人の財産として流通や担保の対象として扱われるようになった。
- As a result, the idea in that all land was under the sole ownership of the emperor and individuals were merely borrowing the land from the emperor or the idea in that feudal lords had the land ownership or the idea of cooperative ownership by local communities such as villages were completely collapsed; private land ownership by individuals was recognized legally for the first time in Japan; and land came to be treated as the objects of circulation or collateral as the property of individuals.
- 再度善後策を講じることになり渡辺が日銀支店に相談すると、日銀総裁と大蔵大臣が協議して北浜銀行重役が責任を負うならば必要資金を融通する用意があることを聞き出し、最も了解が得られにくいと思われた藤田男爵の了解を取り付けるべく、藤田男爵から最も信頼の厚かった谷口房藏に説得を要請、夜を徹して説得に当たった結果、藤田男爵家からの承諾を得ることができ、29日から引き出しが可能となった。
- Upon further consultation between the Finance Minister and the head of Bank of Japan and under the condition that Kitahama Bank executives would assume responsibility for the loan, necessary funds were granted and withdrawals were once again possible from the 29th after Fusazo TANIGUCHI, who was most entrusted and was successful in persuading Baron Fujita who was the thought to be the least likely to cooperate with their plan.
- このことは藤原定家と源光行らが共にほぼ同じ資料を前にして、当時の本文の状況を「さまざまに異なった本文が存在し、その中のどれが正しいのかわからない。」と認識していたにもかかわらず、定家は「その疑問を解決することはできなかった。」という意味のことを述べ、源光行は「さまざまな調査の結果疑問をすっきりと解決することができた。」という意味のことを述べるという正反対の結論に達していることともよく対応していると考えられて来た。
- It has been considered that this corresponded to the exact opposite conclusions drawn by FUJIWARA no Sadaie and MINAMOTO no Mitsuyuki in the context of nearly the same material and with the recognition that 'the existence of different texts make it difficult to find out which one is correct': Sadaie said, 'It was impossible for me to solve the question,' and Mitsuyuki said, 'I was able to solve the question completely after various investigations were conducted.'
- 宮内貴久の著物によれば、住居とは生存の拠り所として、最も根本的な施設であり古来より生命や財産を守るための工夫を重ねてきたが天災によって、当時としては不可解な被害(例えば地震)に見舞われていたことから災いの要因を含めた「世界を支配し統括する原理を知りたい」という欲求に晒された結果、住宅に対して、人々が居住生活に求める概念を実体化させて、長い年月を経て培われた知見が規範化され影響力を持ち家相の世界観が生み出されたと述べられている。
- According to a book of Takahisa MIYAUCHI, houses are the most fundamental center of one's existence and from ancient times people have made efforts to protect life or fortune, but natural disasters (eg. earthquakes) were mysterious in those days so they desired to understand 'the principles governing and controlling the world' including factors for disasters, as a result of which the concept of living space materialize, over the years cultivated through knowledge, a standard influencing the construction of a house, from an outlook of the world was produced.
- しかし、単なる翻訳ではなく Adolf Ijpeij による 『Sijstematisch handboek der beschouwende en werkdaadig Scheikunde』 (『依氏広義』)、スモーレンブルグ(F. van Catz. Smallenburg)の『Leerboek der Scheikunde』 (『蘇氏舎密』)などの他の多くのオランダ語の化学書から新しい知見の増補や、宇田川榕菴自身が実際に実験した結果からの考察などが追記されている。
- It was not simply the translation book, however, he augmented the book with new knowledge from the Dutch chemical book such as 'Sijstematisch handboek der beschouwende en werkdaadig Scheikunde' ('Ishi Kogi') by Adolf Ijpeij and 'Leerboek der Scheikunde' ('Soshi Seimi') by F. van Catz. Smallenburg, and edited it with the considerations from the results of the experiment by Yoan himself.
- 会場となった3大学は京都大学・同志社大学・立命館大学(当時の校地は鴨川 (淀川水系)西岸の広小路通 (京都市)に所在していた)各大学であったが、このうち京都大学では会場に予定されていた法経一番教室の使用を大学当局(服部峻治郎学長)が認めようとせず、警官隊導入により抗議する学生を排除するなどしていたため当局と学生自治会である同学会(1951年の京大天皇事件の結果解散をよぎなくされ、この年の初夏、学生による全学投票を経て再建されたばかりであった)との間には険悪な雰囲気が漂っていた。
- The chosen universities as places for the meetings were Kyoto University, Doshisha University and Ritsumeikan University (the then campus was located at Hirokoji-dori Street, the west shore of the Kamo-gawa River of Yodogawa River system in Kyoto City), however, Kyoto University authorities (President Shunjiro HATTORI) didn't permit the use of classroom number one of the faculty of law and economics, and called the police to remove protesting students, as a result, an explosive atmosphere remained between the authorities and the students, especially the students' association 'Dogakukai' of Kyoto University (although the Dogakukai had been forced to dissolve after the Kyodai Tenno Incident of 1951, in the early summer of 1953 it had just been reorganized by a vote in which all the students had been involved).
- これは、2月に太政大臣に就任したばかりである近衛前久が5月に突如辞任していること、本能寺の変後の7月17日_(旧暦)に羽柴秀吉から毛利輝元に宛てられた手紙において、秀吉が信長のことを「大相国」と呼んでいるが、信長に対する太政大臣贈官が宮中で論じられたのは同年10月の事であること、加えてその結果出された贈官の宣命には「重而太政大臣」の語句があり、これを太政大臣の辞令が出されたのが2度目であると解釈して、1度目の辞令を三職推任問題の時に既に太政大臣就任の内諾を信長から得たことにより、非公式な内定が出されていたと解している。
- He thinks that the informal decision of appointing Nobunaga as Daijo daijin had been already made after confirming his informal consent when Haretoyo talked about Sanshoku suinin mondai based on the following facts: Sakihisa KONOE, who assumed Daijo daijin in March (February in old lunar calendar), abruptly resigned in June (May in old lunar calendar); Hideyoshi called Nobunaga 'Daishokoku' (the Grand Minister) in his letter to Terumoto MORI on August 15 (July 17 in old lunar calendar) after the Honnoji Incident, while the formal discussion at court on granting a posthumous title of Daijo daijin to Nobunaga was in October; and the subsequently issued Emperor's order of the posthumous title for Nobunaga contained a word 'choji Dajodaijin' (重而太政大臣) (the Grand Minister again), which Hashimoto believed meant the second appointment of Nobunaga as Daijo daijin.
- 大久保は、説得に大院君が耳を貸すとは思えず西郷が朝鮮に行った場合必ず殺される(殺されずとも大院君が使節を拒否した場合は開戦の大義名分になってしまう)、そうなった場合結果的に朝鮮と開戦してしまうのではないかという危機感、当時の日本には朝鮮や清、ひいてはロシアとの関係が険悪になる(その帰結として戦争を遂行する)だけの国力が備わっていないという戦略的判断、外遊組との約束を無視し、危険な外交的博打に手を染めようとしている残留組に対する感情的反発、朝鮮半島問題よりも先に片付けるべき外交案件が存在するという日本の国際的立場(清との琉球帰属問題(台湾出兵参照)、ロシアとの樺太、千島列島の領有権問題、イギリスとの小笠原諸島領有権問題、不平等条約改正)などから猛烈に反対、費用の問題なども絡めて征韓の不利を説き延期を訴えた。
- OKUBO didn't think Daewongun lend an ear to persuasion, and thought SAIGO will be killed (even if he won't be killed, if Daewongun rejected the envoy, it can be a legitimate reason for outbreak of war) inevitably when he went to Korea, and he felt a sense of danger that they will start the war with Korea as a result, and his strategic decision that Japan doesn't have national strength at that time to strain the relationship (as a result, wage a war) with Korea, Qing, and eventually Russia, an emotional backlash to the remaining group that ignored agreement and about to dabble in diplomatic gambling, he strongly opposed because of the presence of a diplomatic matters (Ryukyu attribution issue with Qing [see the Taiwan expedition], territorial right problem on Sakhalin and Kurile Islands with Russia, territorial right problem on Ogasawara Islands [Bonin Islands] with England, revision of the unequal treaty) that must be dealt with before Korean Peninsula problem on Japanese international standing, and he correlated it with expenses etc and appealed postponement by telling disadvantage of subjugation of Korea.