策: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 罰策・罰警
- Bassaku, bakkei (punishment with a Zen stick)
- 警策の歴史
- History of kyosaku (keisaku)
- 警策の意味
- Meaning of keisaku (kyosaku)
- 対策別の詳細
- Details of each measurement
- 禁武政策の虚実
- The truth and falsehood of kinmu seisaku (ban on weapons)
- 江戸幕府の政策
- Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) policies
- 関連施策の推進
- Promoting Relevant Policies
- 緊急事態応急対策
- emergency response measures
- 臨済宗における警策
- Keisaku in the Rinzai sect
- 曹洞宗における警策
- Kyosaku in the Soto sect
- 原子力災害事後対策
- Measures for Restoration from Nuclear Emergency
- 原子力災害予防対策
- measures to prevent nuclear emergency
- 第二章 基本的施策
- Chapter2 Basic Policies
- 東北に対する施策。
- This was a measure taken in the northeast of the country.
- 原子力災害事後対策の
- measures for restoration from nuclear emergency
- 原子力災害事後対策に
- measures for restoration from nuclear emergency
- エネルギー政策基本法
- Basic Act on Energy Policy
- 林業労働に関する施策
- Policies for Forestry Workforce
- 三上皇の仏教保護政策
- Buddhism protection measures carried out by the three Retired Emperors
- スギ花粉症の行政対策
- Administrative Countermeasures
- 2000年問題対策済み
- Y2K compliant
- 農村の振興に関する施策
- Policies for Development of Rural Areas
- 第四章 水産政策審議会
- Chapter4 Fishery Policy Council
- 国にも対策を要請する。
- There are demands that the national government also implement such policies.
- 農地拡大政策と律令国家
- Policy to expand farmland and ritsuryo kokka
- 彼が市の施策に協力する。
- He co-operates with the city's policies.
- 子ども坐禅会における警策
- Kyosaku (keisaku) in kodomo zazenkai (zazen session for children)
- 原子力災害合同対策協議会
- Joint Council for Nuclear Emergency Response
- 災害対策基本法の適用除外
- Exclusion from Application of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures
- 原子力災害対策本部の廃止
- Abolition of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters
- 緊急事態応急対策の実施等
- Implementation, etc. of Emergency Response Measures
- 原子力災害対策本部の設置
- Establishment of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters
- 原子力災害対策本部の組織
- Organization of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters
- 災害予防又は災害応急対策
- disaster prevention or emergency disaster control measures
- 災害応急対策又は災害復旧
- emergency disaster control measures or disaster recovery efforts
- 災害予防及び災害応急対策
- disaster prevention and emergency disaster control measures
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法
- Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness
- 薩軍主力北部進出と長囲策
- Northward March of the Main Force of the Satsuma Army and Drawn-Out Siege Plan
- 彼が早速夜の街を散策した。
- He immediately went for a walk on the night streets.
- それがテスト対策に有効だ。
- It's useful for test prep.
- 食料消費に関する施策の充実
- Improvement of Food Consumption Policies
- 原子力災害対策本部長の権限
- Authority of the Director-General of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters
- 災害応急対策並びに災害復旧
- emergency disaster control measures and disaster recovery efforts
- 水産政策審議会に対する報告
- Report to the Fisheries Policy Council
- 技術経営力強化のための施策
- Policy for Strengthening of Technology Management Capability
- それが施策の方向を定めます。
- That will determine policy direction.
- 早急に何らかの対策が必要だ。
- Some measures need to be taken quickly.
- 彼がいろいろと対策を考える。
- He thinks about many countermeasures.
- 施策の策定に係る基本的な方針
- Basic Direction for Policy Formulation
- 原子力災害対策本部の所掌事務
- Affairs under Jurisdiction of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters
- 災害応急対策若しくは災害復旧
- emergency disaster control measures or disaster recovery efforts
- 多面的機能に関する施策の充実
- Enhancement of Multifunctional Measures
- 勧誘方針の策定を要しない者等
- Persons Who Are Not Required to Establish a Solicitation Policy, etc.
- ほとんどの人が対策をしません。
- Few people have countermeasures.
- その方が得策との結論に至った。
- We concluded that it's better.
- 農業の持続的な発展に関する施策
- Policy on Sustainable Agricultural Development
- 原子力災害事後対策に要する経費
- expenses required for measures for restoration from nuclear emergency
- 政策委員会の議決に係る経過措置
- Transitional Measures Pertaining to the Policy Board Resolutions
- 水産政策審議会による報告徴収等
- Collection of Reports by the Fisheries Policy Council
- Collection of Reports by the Fisheries Policy Council, Etc.
- 地方公共団体の施策における配慮
- Considerations Concerning Local Government Policies
- 水産業の健全な発展に関する施策
- Policies for Maintenance of Sound Development of Fisheries
- 環境整備の基本構想を策定する。
- In 1990, the basic plan for the environmental preservation was drawn up.
- 保則の寛大な施策の一環である。
- This was a part of his sympathetic policies.
- 私がそろそろ明日の対策を考える。
- It is almost time for me to think about countermeasures for tomorrow.
- 食料の安定供給の確保に関する施策
- Policies for Securing Stable Food Supply
- 緊急事態応急対策及びその実施責任
- Emergency Response Measures and Responsibilities for Their Implementation
- 緊急事態応急対策を実施すべき区域
- the area where emergency response measures should be implemented;
- 緊急事態応急対策拠点施設の指定等
- Designation of an Off-Site Center
- 各分野の政策と開拓使時代の北海道
- Policies in each area and Hokkaido under the Development Commission
- 彼が今期の経営方針を策定しました。
- He formulated a management policy for this term.
- 第四章 食料・農業・農村政策審議会
- Chapter4 The Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies
- 公園内では、花木の散策が楽しめる。
- Many people enjoy taking a walk and viewing the trees and flowers in the park.
- 原子力災害事後対策及びその実施責任
- Measures for Restoration from Nuclear Emergency and Responsibilities for Their Implementation
- 災害対策基本法の規定の読替え適用等
- Application of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures by Replacing the Terms and Phrases, etc.
- 災害予防、災害応急対策又は災害復旧
- disaster prevention, emergency disaster control measures or disaster recovery efforts
- 原子力災害事後対策 (第二十七条)
- Measures for Restoration from Nuclear Emergency (Article 27)
- 水産物の安定供給の確保に関する施策
- Policies for Maintenance of Stable Supply of Marine Products
- 幕府の政策意思決定の最高合議機関。
- The supreme council system of policy decision within the bakufu.
- ADB/GEF黄砂対策プロジェクト
- ADB/GEF projects of countermeasures against kosa
- 彼が出来うる限りの対策を講じている。
- He is taking all of the measures within his power.
- 原子力災害対策本部長及び都道府県知事
- director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters and the relevant prefectural governor
- 日中韓局長級会合による黄砂対策協議。
- A director-level conference of countermeasures against kosa among Japan, China, and South Korea.
- 薩軍の長囲策の破綻と官軍衝背軍の上陸
- Failure of the Drawn-Out Siege and Disembarkation of Shohaigun of the Government Army
- これからの政策動向から目が離せません。
- I'm always focused on future policy trends.
- 焼酎への酒税は政策的に安くされていた。
- The liquor tax covering shochu was set low according to the policy at the time.
- こうした政策が取られていた(例空海)。
- Such was a strategy that the state took (as was the case with Kukai).
- 原子力災害予防対策又は緊急事態応急対策
- measures to prevent nuclear emergency or emergency response measures
- 原子力災害予防対策及び緊急事態応急対策
- measures to prevent nuclear emergency and emergency response measures
- 災害が発生した場合における災害応急対策
- emergency disaster control measures in the case of the occurrence of a disaster
- 緊急事態応急対策又は原子力災害事後対策
- emergency response measures or measures for restoration from nuclear emergency
- 水産に関する施策についての基本的な方針
- Basic direction of the policies on fisheries
- 全国規模で対策技術の開発が進められます。
- The development of technological countermeasures will advance on a nationwide scale.
- しっかりと対策をとらなくてはなりません。
- Serious countermeasures should be taken.
- われわれはウイルス肝炎対策の実施を図る。
- We plan to implement measures against viral hepatitis.
- 緊急事態応急対策並びに原子力災害事後対策
- emergency response measures and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency
- 業務の品質の管理の方針の策定及びその実施
- Formulation and implementation of policy on service quality control
- このため、幕府の政策は徹底できなかった。
- For this reason, the policy of the bakufu was not completely effective.
- これに対して玄宗は様々な政策を打ち出す。
- Xuanzong came up with various policies for countermeasures.
- 警策は、警覚策励(けいかくさくれい)の略。
- Keisaku is the abbreviation for Keikakusakurei.
- 緊急事態応急対策若しくは原子力災害事後対策
- emergency response measures or measures for restoration from nuclear emergency
- 1549年(嘉靖28) 大内氏(策彦周良)
- 1549: The Ouchi clan (Sakugen Shuryo)
- 第五十六条の二の規定による基本的な方針の策定
- Formulation of basic policy pursuant to the provision of Article 56-2.
- 幕府及び各藩の政策決定に大きな影響を与えた。
- They greatly influenced the decision making in the bakufu and domains.
- その旅行記として『航西日策』が残されている。
- The logbook, 'Kosai Nissaku' (A Diary of the Voyage to the West) remains today.
- 大韓民国、李氏朝鮮の李成桂よる崇儒廃仏政策。
- The policy of 'Suju-haibutsu (revere Confucianism, abolish Buddhism) adopted by Seong-gye YI of the YI Dynasty in Korea.
- 都道府県及び市町村の災害対策本部の必要的設置
- Mandatory Establishment of Prefectural and Municipal Headquarters for Disaster Control
- 藤原仲麻呂政権は対蝦夷政策も積極的に行った。
- FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's government was also very active in their policy on Ezo.
- しかし、実際に実行された対鹿児島策もあった。
- Still, some countermeasures against Kagoshima were brought into effect.
- それがセキュリティ対策機能の利用を可能にする。
- It makes possible to use the security features.
- その後、豊臣秀吉の都市政策により寺町に移った。
- Later, the temple was moved to Teramachi as a result of Hideyoshi's urban development policy.
- 大臣管理努力量に関し実施すべき施策に関する事項
- Matters concerning the measures to be implemented in regards to fishing effort control by the Minister; and
- 森林及び林業に関する施策についての基本的な方針
- Basic direction of the policies on forest and forestry.
- 第四章 林業の持続的かつ健全な発展に関する施策
- Chapter4 Policies for the Sustainable and Sound Development of Forestry
- 第五章 林産物の供給及び利用の確保に関する施策
- Chapter5 Policies for Securing Supply and Use of Forest Products
- こうした考えが、政策方針の転回の背景にあった。
- The above intention was the background of the policy change.
- 平城遷都の前後から政府は急速な拡大政策をとる。
- Since around the time of the transfer of national capital to Heijokyo, the government adopted a policy of rapid expansion.
- 第三章 森林の有する多面的機能の発揮に関する施策
- Chapter3 Policies for the Fulfillment of Multifunctional Roles of Forest
- 水産に関し、政府が総合的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策
- Measures that the Government shall implement comprehensively and systematically for fisheries.
- この永山策には山野田一輔・河野主一郎が同調した。
- Ippo YAMANODA and Shuichiro KONO agreed with NAGAYAMA.
- それが米政府の政策決定に一定の影響力を持っている。
- It has a certain influence on U.S. government decision-making.
- 力士の足首への負担を減らすなどの安全対策でもある。
- This is also a safety measure to protect ankles of sumo wrestlers, for example.
- 原子力災害対策本部は、次に掲げる事務をつかさどる。
- The nuclear emergency response headquarters shall take charge of the following affairs:
- 原子力災害対策副本部長は、主務大臣をもって充てる。
- The competent minister shall serve as the vice director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters.
- エネルギーの需給に関する施策についての基本的な方針
- Basic policy on measures on energy supply and demand
- また、暴動対策のため備辺司が設置されることになる。
- The Bihenshi (Korean Department of Army) was set up in order to provide against insurgencies.
- 鎖国は貿易の権限を幕府が制限・管理した政策である。
- Seclusionism was a policy by which the Bakufu controlled and managed the authority of trade.
- その方策が、結果的にシステム全体のコストを削減する。
- As a result, that strategy will reduce the cost of the whole system.
- それが毎年、各事業年度ごとの短期経営計画を策定する。
- Every year, a short-term business plan for each accounting period is worked out.
- 食料、農業及び農村に関する施策についての基本的な方針
- Basic direction of the policies on food, agriculture and rural areas.
- 直日・直堂は警策で背後より一回につき右肩を一打する。
- With kyosaku, jikijitsu or jikido gives a stroke on the right shoulder at one time from behind.
- 緊急事態応急対策は、次の事項について行うものとする。
- Emergency response measures shall be implemented with regard to the following matters:
- 原子力災害対策本部員は、次に掲げる者をもって充てる。
- The following persons shall serve as the members of the nuclear emergency response headquarters:
- 公示するとともに、速やかに原子力災害対策本部長に報告
- publicly notify and promptly report to the director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters to that effect
- 緊急事態応急対策の実施等 (第二十五条・第二十六条)
- Implementation, etc. of Emergency Response Measures (Articles 25 and 26)
- 千代田形丸(森本弘策、1869年4月箱館港にて座礁)
- Chiyogatamaru (Hirosaku MORIMOTO, aground at the Hakodate port in April 1869)
- アヘン戦争の講和条約によって海禁策はほぼ無力化する。
- Because of the ratification of the peace treaty after the Opium War, Kaikin Policy became almost invalid.
- 私のしごと館は、雇用対策基本計画に基づいて設置された。
- The Vocational Museum was established in accordance with the Basic Plan for Employment Measures.
- 送配電等業務の実施に関する基本的な指針を策定すること。
- Establish basic guidelines for the performance of the Services for Electricity Transmission and Distribution, etc.
- この対策として、歯にゴムを貼った下駄も販売されている。
- As a countermeasure against the above, Geta with teeth of which the bottoms are covered by rubber are sold.
- 原子力災害事後対策は、次の事項について行うものとする。
- Measures for restoration from nuclear emergency shall be implemented with regard to the following matters:
- 原子力緊急事態宣言の発出及び原子力災害対策本部の設置等
- Issuance of a Declaration of a Nuclear Emergency Situation and Establishment, etc. of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters
- しばしば為政者により政策のいっかんとしておこなわれた。
- Leaders often applied the practice as a part of their policy.
- 有力な戦国大名の下で、これらの施策は一部行われていた。
- These measures were partly conducted under the powerful daimyo in the Sengoku period.
- 具体的な政策として検地、刀狩、海賊禁止令が施行された。
- As specific policy measures, kenchi (land survey), katanagari (sword hunt) and kaizoku kinshirei (ban on piracy) were conducted.
- 公武合体策と尊王攘夷派の擡頭(1860年~1863年)
- Uniting the imperial court and the shogunate and the rise of Sonno Joi ha (supporters of the doctorine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians) (1860 – 1863)
- それ以後は以前の政策も鎖国の名で呼ばれることになった。
- Since that time, seclusionism in the past was also referred to as 'Sakoku.'
- それが「罰策」(ばっさく)・「罰警」(ばっけい)である。
- It is bassaku or bakkei (punishment with a Zen stick).
- 森林及び林業に関し、政府が総合的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策
- Policies that the Government shall implement comprehensively and systematically for forest and forestry.
- 新エネルギー利用等の促進のための施策に関する基本的な事項
- Basic Matters Concerning Measures for Promoting New Energy Utilization, etc.
- その他、地球温暖化への対策緩和策に関する議論も見られる。
- In addition, there is discussion on easing measures against global warming.
- 壁画の劣化防止策や保存方法について種々の検討が続けられた。
- Various measures have been studied to prevent the deterioration and conserve the mural paintings.
- これに政府主導による神道優位の風潮、脱亜入欧策が影響した。
- In addition, the Government-initiated fashion of regarding Shinto as superior and the Goverment policy of Datsua-nyuo (leave Asia and join Europe) also affected people.
- また、鹿鳴館を中心にした外交政策を「鹿鳴館外交」とも呼ぶ。
- In addition, a foreign policy centering on the Rokumei-kan Pavilion is called 'Rokumeikan Gaiko' (the Rokumei-kan Pavilion Diplomacy).
- 雲棲袾宏の『禅関策進』によって修行に開眼、諸国を遊方する。
- However, he came to understand ascetic practice by reading 'Zenkansakusin' (Incentives for Breaking Zen Barriers) written by Unseishuko, and went to various districts to practice.
- 禅堂内で警策は文殊菩薩の手の代わりであると考えられている。
- Keisaku (kyosaku) is considered as a substitute of the hand of Monju Bosatsu (Manjusri) in a Zendo hall.
- 原子力災害合同対策協議会は、次に掲げる者をもって構成する。
- A Joint Council for Nuclear Emergency Response shall consist of the following persons:
- この法律の規定により原子力災害対策本部長の権限に属する事務
- affairs that fall under the authority of the director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters pursuant to the provisions of this Act; and
- 文化庁はさっそく壁画の保存対策および研究調査にとりかかった。
- The Agency for Cultural Affairs soon started to take conservation measures and conducted research and investigation.
- 日講はこの政策に「守正護国章」を呈上して幕府を非難している。
- Nikko condemned this policy of bakufu by submitting 'Shusho Gokoku Sho.'
- 前条第二項の規定は、原子力災害現地対策本部について準用する。
- The provisions of paragraph 2 of the preceding Article shall apply mutatis mutandis to the local nuclear emergency response headquarters.
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十六条第一項第四号から第八号まで
- Article 26, paragraph 1, items (iv) to (viii) inclusive of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十六条第一項第二号から第八号まで
- Article 26, paragraph 1, items (ii) to (viii) inclusive of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness
- こうした泰時の一連の施策は、執権政治の確立と捉えられている。
- This series of measures by Yasutoki is regarded as the establishment of Shikken politics.
- 中国の一人っ子政策などは人口抑制に大きな役割を果たしている。
- For example, the one-child policy of China has played a significant role for controlling the population.
- 江戸時代初期には旧豊臣系大名を中心に大名廃絶政策が取られた。
- In the early Edo period, the Daimyo system abolishment measure was implemented mainly targeting Daimyo of the former Toyotomi family.
- そのため明・朝鮮連合軍は強襲策を放棄し、包囲戦に切り替える。
- Accordingly, the allied forces of Ming and Korea gave up the attack and switched to a battle of encirclement.
- 南宋になると官戸の免役の特権を制限する種々の施策がとられた。
- In the Southern Song Dynasty, various measures were adopted in order to limit the privileges held by guanhu.
- 食料、農業及び農村に関し、政府が総合的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策
- Policies that the Government shall implement comprehensively and systematically for food, agriculture and rural areas.
- 安楽庵流 (あんらくあんりゅう) 安楽庵策伝(現存するか不明)
- Anrakuan School: Sakuden ANRAKUAN (it is uncertain whether it presents itself or not).
- 警策を与える者を直日(じきじつ)または直堂(じきどう)と言う。
- The individual who gives the keisaku is called jikijitsu or jikido.
- エネルギーの需給に関し、長期的、総合的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策
- Measures that should be taken in relation to energy supply and demand on a long-term, comprehensive and systematic basis
- 農林水産省に、水産政策審議会(以下「審議会」という。)を置く。
- Fishery Policy Council (hereinafter referred to as 'Council') is hereby established in the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
- 代わりに、農地の小規模独立経営を推し進める政策が採られていく。
- Instead of that, a policy to facilitate small-scaled independent management over the agricultural land was adopted.
- その領土を都護府・羈縻政策・府兵制の制度をもって維持していた。
- It maintained its territory through protectorate, tributary and divisional militia systems.
- 黄砂対策プラン(Web参照)を作成するなどの成果を上げている。
- This project has achieved some results, for example, the compilation of a plan to combat kosa (refer to the web site concerned).
- ただ、住民に負担を強いたり、生活自体を変えたりする対策が多い。
- However, many of these measures include those that would force burden to be placed on the residents concerned or that would change their lives themselves.
- 鎖国政策は江戸幕府にとってまさに生命線そのものだったのである。
- Seclusionism was the very lifeline of the Edo Bakufu.
- 別に古風に則っているわけではなくて暗殺防止のための方策であった。
- It was not an ancient tradition, but a measure to prevent assassination.
- 鬼退治・結婚の策略・呪具の要素をめっぐってバリエーションが多い。
- There are many variations on the components regarding defeating of the ogre, plot to get married and the magical items.
- 広域的な地域活性化のための基盤の整備に関する施策との有機的な連携
- Organic Coordination with Measures concerning Infrastructure Improvement for Wide-area Regional Development
- 報告書はの成果は、前述の花粉発生源対策プロジェクトに反映された。
- The findings of this report were reflected by the previously mentioned Pollen Source Countermeasure Project.
- その後、信長は悪銭と良銭との交換レートを定める政策に改めている。
- Later, however, Nobunaga changed the policy and specified an exchange ratio of low-quality coins to high-quality coins.
- 現在では、ある問題や相手の態度に対して取られる方策のことをいう。
- Currently, a countermeasure taken against a certain issue or other party's attitudes.
- 上記の例を見ても分かるように、政治権力や政策と結びつくことも多い。
- As shown in the above examples, mausoleums are often connected with political powers or policies.
- 2003年3月、国宝高松塚古墳壁画緊急保存対策検討会が設置された。
- In 2003, an emergency conservation committee for the mural paintings of Takamatsuzuka tumulus was set up.
- その対策として1890年に年始の集配度数を減らす対策が講じられた。
- As a countermeasure, the frequency of pickup and delivery at the beginning of the year was decreased in 1890.
- 災害が発生した場合において、当該災害に係る災害応急対策及び災害復旧
- in the case where a disaster pertaining to the area of the relevant prefecture has occurred, ... with regard to emergency disaster control measures and disaster recovery efforts pertaining to said disaster
- 12世紀に入る頃から、国衙は本格的に荘園拡大対策に取り組み始めた。
- From the beginning of the twelfth century, kokuga began to put in serious efforts to tackle the expansion of shoen.
- 少なくともロシアの南下政策は既知であり、幕府はこれを懸念していた。
- At the very least, the Bakufu was uneasy about the knowledge of Russia expanding southward.
- この後、海外交易の抑制政策は明と次の清によって基本的に維持された。
- After this, the policy to restrict trading on the sea was maintained by the Ming dynasty and the following Qing dynasty.
- 小西行長と宗義調の子義智は、対朝鮮平和的計画進行を秀吉に献策した。
- Yukinaga KONISHI and the son of Yoshishige SO, Yoshitoshi, advised Hideyoshi to proceed with peaceful policies towards Korea.
- 国の農業政策の一環として開発された北海道、長野県などがこれにあたる。
- The Hokkaido and Nagano Prefectures, for which developments were conducted as part of the national agricultural policies, correspond to this.
- 第二種特定海洋生物資源知事管理努力量に関し実施すべき施策に関する事項
- Matters concerning measures to be implemented in regard to fishing effort control by the governor for Class II specified living marine resources; and
- 第二種指定海洋生物資源知事管理努力量に関し実施すべき施策に関する事項
- Matters concerning the measures to be implemented in regard to fishing effort control by the governor for Class II designated living marine resources;
- そして、短期決戦策を採り、2ヶ月も経たないうちに朝廷軍を打ち破った。
- They adopted a short decisive battle strategy and defeated the imperial court forces in under two months.
- 地球温暖化対策や京都議定書の在り方については、多種多様な議論がある。
- There are various kinds of discussions on measures against global warming and Kyoto Protocol.
- 豊臣秀吉は元来織田信長の政策を継承し、キリスト教布教を容認していた。
- Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI originally inherited the policy of Nobunaga ODA and approved the Christian mission.
- 献策が許されると話し合いで解決しようと朝鮮に渡ったが成果が無かった。
- After their advice was approved, they went over to Korea to solve the problem by negotiation, but failed.
- 学部:神、文、社会、法、経済、商学部の各3~4年次および政策学部全学年
- Under graduate schools: Third and fourth academic years of the School of Theology, Faculty of Letters, Faculty of Social Studies, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Economics, and Faculty of Commerce as well as all academic years of the Faculty of Policy Studies
- Faculties: Third- and fourth-year students of Theology, Letters, Social Studies, Law, Economics, and Commerce, and all students of Policy Studies
- 知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関し政府が集中的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策
- Measures that the government should take in a focused and systematic manner for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property;
- 政府が景気対策で「内需拡大」を訴えたところ、恵諦は公式の席で反対した。
- When the government appealed for 'domestic demand expansion' as economic measures, Etai disagreed in public appearances.
- 前二号に掲げるもののほか、原子力災害予防対策の実施を図るため必要な事項
- in addition to what is listed in the preceding two items, matters necessary for promoting the implementation of measures to prevent nuclear emergency.
- 指定行政機関 災害対策基本法第二条第三号に規定する指定行政機関をいう。
- designated administrative organ means a designated administrative organ prescribed in Article 2, item (iii) of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures;
- 指定公共機関 災害対策基本法第二条第五号に規定する指定公共機関をいう。
- designated public institution means a designated public institution prescribed in Article 2, item (v) of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures;
- こうした兵農分離政策は江戸時代に一層強化され身分の移動は少なくなった。
- These policies which separated warriors and peasants were further enforced in the Edo period, and social mobility was reduced as a result.
- また、そうなった場合にはもはや良貨をそのまま発行するのは得策ではない。
- Once such a situation occurs, it is not a good policy to continue issuing high-quality coins.
- 5代徳川綱吉の時代には廃絶政策は譜代大名に向けられ27家が改易された。
- During the time of the fifth shogun, Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, the target of the Daimyo abolishment measure shifted to Fudai Daimyo (a daimyo of a hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family), and as a result, 27 families were subjected to kaieki.
- 海禁政策を守り倭寇を打ち破るため、明においては強力な水軍が養成された。
- During the Ming Dynasty a powerful navy was developed to maintain Kaikin Policy (a policy forbidding private people to trade with foreign countries) and to destroy wako.
- 1995年(平成7年)6月 - 「勤労体験プラザ(仮称)基本計画」の策定
- June 1995: 'Work Experience Plaza Basic Plan' (tentative) drawn up
- 国民の食生活の状況等を考慮し、食品健康影響評価の結果に基づいた施策の策定
- Formulation of Policies on the Basis of the Results of the Assessment of the Effect of Food on Health in Consideration of the Conditions of the Dietary Habits of Citizens and Other Circumstances
- 奈良時代の鎮護国家思想に支えられた政府の仏教政策への関心の高さを伝える。
- The existence of the Hyakuman-to Tower speaks to the high level of interest in a Buddhism policy within the government, buttressed by the state's protection through out the Nara period.
- 1941年 日本童画家協会解散(戦時政策として日本少国民文化協会に統合)
- 1941: Nihon Dogaka Kyokai was dissolved (it was integrated into Japan Children's Culture Association under wartime policy).
- 原子力災害合同対策協議会の設置の場所は、緊急事態応急対策拠点施設とする。
- A Joint Council for Nuclear Emergency Response shall be established at an off-site center.
- 江戸幕府は大名統制策の一環として、その正室の呼称すらランク付けを行った。
- The Edo bakufu went so far as to put the naming of a legal wife under the control of the daimyo (Japanese feudal lord).
- そして、対策として諸国の人口状況もう一度調査して、正確に口分田を与える。
- As a countermeasure, he recommended surveying the population of provinces again to properly allocate kubunden.
- しかし、その政権が仏教の国家宗教化を意図した具体的な政策例は存在しない。
- However, there had been no specific policy that intended to establish Buddhism as the national religion.
- 山本勘助と馬場信春は、兵を二手に分ける、大規模な別働隊の編成を献策した。
- Kansuke YAMAMOTO and Nobuharu BABA proposed the plan to divide their forces into two troops, organizing a separate large-scaled troop..
- 農林水産省に、食料・農業・農村政策審議会(以下「審議会」という。)を置く。
- The Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies (hereinafter referred to as the 'Council') in the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is hereby established.
- 東海自然歩道の構想は昭和44年の年頭において厚生省の施策として発表された。
- The project of Tokaido Nature Trail construction was presented at the beginning of the year 1969 as a policy of the Ministry of Health and Welfare.
- 当該施策の内容からみて食品健康影響評価を行うことが明らかに必要でないとき。
- Where the Assessment of the Effect of Food on Health is explicitly unnecessary in consideration of the substance of the policy.
- 大和四座は豊臣秀吉が政策的に他の猿楽の座(丹波猿楽三座など)を吸収させた。
- Because of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's policies, Yamoto-shiza had absorbed the theatres of other Sarugaku such as Tanba sarugaku sanza.
- 徳川家康のブレーンとして、江戸幕府初期の朝廷政策・宗教政策に深く関与した。
- He took an active part in policies of the imperial court and religions in the early Edo bakufu as a strategist for Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 水産政策審議会は、前項の公示に関し農林水産大臣に意見を述べることができる。
- The Fisheries Policy Council may state opinions to the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister concerning the public notice set forth in the preceding paragraph.
- しかし、これらの寺社統制策は教団内部の反発を買い、寺社では内紛が頻発する。
- However, such plans to regulate temples and shrines revolted religious communities; internal conflicts occurred frequently within the temples and shrines.
- 位階昇進に必要な勤続年数を満たして任官の機会を待たせる施策がとられていた。
- The government had a policy that those courtiers would get a chance for appointments when they worked long enough for promotions.
- このため幕府は政策を見直し、4代徳川家綱の時代に末期養子の禁は緩和された。
- For this reason, the bakufu reviewed its policy and the Matsugo yoshi no kin (ban on adoption of a son on one's deathbed) was loosened during the time of the fourth shogun Ietsuna TOKUGAWA.
- 神道では、天神地祇の風光、衆人の寿命、国の擁衛、人民の轡策であるなどという。
- According to Shinto, they represent the wind and light of the gods of heaven and earth, the longevity of the people, the defense of the nation, and control over the public.
- 研究科:神学、文学、社会学、法学、経済学、商学、アメリカ、総合政策科学研究科
- Graduate schools: Graduate School of Theology, Graduate School of Letters, Graduate School of Social Studies, Graduate School of Law, Graduate School of Economics, Graduate School of Commerce, Graduate School of American Studies, and Graduate School of Policy and management
- Graduate schools: Theology, Letters, Social Studies, Law, Economics, Commerce, American Studies and Policy and Management
- 池の周囲に約1.3kmの散策道があり、周辺に各種施設を備える総合公園である。
- It is a comprehensive park with a walking trail of about 1.3 km around the pond, and various facilities in the neighborhood.
- 武帝はこの献策をいれ、建元 (漢)5年(紀元前136年)、五経博士を設けた。
- Emperor Wu accepted this proposal, and established Gokyo hakase in 136 B.C.
- 1944年 -第二次世界大戦の戦時国策による「戦時企業整備令」に基づき休業。
- 1944: The company suspended its operation due to the act for industrial adjustment in wartime issued by the government under its national policy in wartime during World War II.
- しかし、昭和10年代には戦意高揚など国策に利用され、戦時中は生産が激減した。
- However, it was used for the national policy such as the fostering the spirit for the war during the decade started from 1935, therefore the production decreased sharply in wartime.
- 宗門改(しゅうもんあらため)は、江戸幕府が行った宗教政策および民衆統制政策。
- Shumon aratame was religion policy and the control of the public promoted by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- このとき、曹洞宗では警策を体の中央に立てて、臨済宗では右肩に担いで巡回する。
- During this time, in the Soto sect he walks around holding the kyosaku straight up in the center of his body and in the Rinzai sect carrying the keisaku on his right shoulder.
- 1.灯りと花の路(青蓮院から清水寺の散策路)点灯時間 午後6時~午後9時30分
- 1. Lighting hours of the path of light and flowers (walking path from Shoren-in to Kiyomizu-dera Temple): 6:00 PM to 9:30 PM
- 明治初期の廃仏毀釈や神道国教化政策の影響で仏教・神道ともに大きな影響を受ける。
- In the early Meiji period, Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism) and a policy to establish Shinto as the state religion had a great impact on Buddhism and Shinto.
- その際に用いられる警策は、普段修行者に用いられるものより軽い材質でできている。
- The kyosaku (keisaku) used at the time is made of a lighter material than that is usually used for adult meditators.
- 原子力災害予防対策 原子力災害の発生を未然に防止するため実施すべき対策をいう。
- measures to prevent nuclear emergency means measures that should be implemented to prevent the occurrence of a nuclear disaster;
- 指定地方行政機関 災害対策基本法第二条第四号に規定する指定地方行政機関をいう。
- designated local administrative organ means a designated local administrative organ prescribed in Article 2, item (iv) of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures;
- 指定地方公共機関 災害対策基本法第二条第六号に規定する指定地方公共機関をいう。
- designated local public institution means a designated local public institution prescribed in Article 2, item (vi) of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures; and
- 日本銀行に、政策委員会(以下この章及び次章において「委員会」という。)を置く。
- A Policy Board (hereinafter referred to as the 'Board' in this and the following Chapter) shall be established in the Bank of Japan.
- 対策(たいさく)は、献策・方略試・秀才 (科挙)試・文章得業生試ともよばれた。
- Taisaku was also called kensaku (recommended proposal), horyaku shi (exam for selecting government officials), shusai (or kakyo) shi, monjo tokugosho shi.
- 長者の娘への策略は江戸時代に著わされた『神国愚童随筆』にも見え、記録されている。
- The plot against the chief's daughter can also be seen and is recorded in 'Shinkoku Gudo Zuihitsu (神国愚童随筆),' which was written during the Edo period.
- すなわち引き締め策を要するときには寒酒以外を禁じるなどして酒造への規制を強めた。
- That is, when there was a need to tighten-up, there was a clamp-down and with the exception of winter sake, brewing was prohibited.
- 前二号に掲げるもののほか、外国人の入国及び在留の管理に関する施策に関し必要な事項
- Matters necessary for implementation of the control of the entry and residence of foreign nationals, in addition to matters listed in the preceding two paragraphs.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言の発出及び原子力災害対策本部の設置等 (第十五条―第二十四条)
- Issuance of a Declaration of a Nuclear Emergency Situation and Establishment, etc. of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters (Articles 15 to 24)
- 古代・中世の日本では無官の者を救済する施策として正式な制度として導入されていた。
- In ancient and medieval Japan, the baikan system was introduced as an official system to rescue courtiers without posts.
- 明治新政府は発足当初から公議を標榜し、その具体的方策としての国是を模索していた。
- From the beginning of inauguration, the New Meiji Government advocated fair discussion and sought national policy as the concrete measure.
- 同年8月4日、飛鳥保存財団は「現地修復要望書」を文化庁と保存対策検討会に提出した。
- On August 4 in the same year, Asuka Preservation Foundation submitted 'a request for repairs at the site' to the Agency for Cultural Affairs and the conservation committee.
- 京都市が策定した大学のまち・京都21プランがイベントコンセプトの基本となっている。
- The idea for the event is based on Kyoto City's 'Daigaku no Machi (City of Universties), Kyoto 21 Plan.'
- そこで1899年、その対策として指定された郵便局での年賀郵便の特別取扱が始まった。
- To cope with such a situation, the special handling of nengajo at specified post offices started in 1899.
- 前項の補償金額は、農林水産大臣が水産政策審議会の意見を聴いて定め、これを告示する。
- The amount of compensation set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be decided by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries upon hearing the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council and shall be announced by a public notice.
- 1401年(応永8)に博多商人肥富の献策で、僧祖阿と肥富を使節として明へ派遣する。
- Adopting the recommended proposal made by a Hakata merchant Koitomi, he sent a Buddhist priest Soa and Koitomi as envoys to the Ming Dynasty in 1401.
- 明が海禁政策を行っている事情から足利将軍家の幕府将軍が「日本国王」として冊封した。
- Because the Ming Dynasty adopted the haijin policy (a ban on maritime activities), the shogun of the Ashikaga Shogun Family was granted the title of 'King of Japan' by the emperor of China.
- また、地頭と荘園領主との間で作合を巡る争いの解決方策として下地中分が行われ始めた。
- In addition, as a solution to dissolve disputes over sakuai (share that each shiki had for taxes) between jito and shoenryoshu, Shitaji chubun (physical division of the land) was started.
- Also, shitaji chubun (physical division of land) started to take place as a solution to a conflict between jito and shoen ryoshu over sakuai.
- しかし鎖国政策が推し進められた結果、遠距離航行をする船舶の必要性は消滅していった。
- However, as a national isolation policy was promoted, the necessity of ships sailing over long distances disappeared.
- (これは秀吉による全国各地に豊臣家の蔵入地を設定した政策が、裏目に出たのである。)
- (Which meant Hideyoshi's policy of 'kurairechi' (land directly controlled by the Toyotomi clan) was unsuccessful in various ways.)
- こうした対策の結果、日本列島の森林資源は回復に転じ、里山の持続可能な利用が実現した。
- As a result of such measures, the forest resources in Japan gradually recovered, enabling the sustained logging of Satoyama.
- 知的財産に関する教育の振興及び人材の確保等に関し政府が集中的かつ計画的に講ずべき施策
- Measures that the government should take in a focused and systematic manner to promote education on intellectual property and secure human resources, etc.
- 二度目は慶長14年(1609年)の薩摩藩による琉球侵攻後に実施された禁武政策である。
- The second kinmu seisaku was implemented after the invasion of the Ryukyu Kingdom by the Satsuma Domain (Shimazu Clan) in 1609.
- また明日香村議会は同年8月11日、壁画の現地保存対策要望を決議し、文化庁に提出した。
- On August 11 in the same year, Asuka Village Council also voted for the request to conserve the mural paintings at the site and submitted it to the Agency for Cultural Affairs also
- 現在の時宗教団は一遍を宗祖とするが、宗として正式に成立したのは江戸幕府の政策による。
- Current Jishu sect holds Ippen as the founder, but the sect was officially formed by the policy of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 国は、水産業の振興その他漁村の総合的な振興に関する施策を計画的に推進するものとする。
- The State shall systematically promote measures for the comprehensive promotion of fishing villages such as promotion of fishery industry.
- これに対し、朝廷は追捕官符を国衙へ発給し、さらに各国へ押領使を配置する対策をとった。
- For this, the imperial court issued tsuibu kanpu to the kokuga and took the measure of placing Oryoshi in each province as well.
- また、京都議定書目標達成計画で、それぞれの温暖化対策要素ごとに削減目標を定めている。
- And in the goal achievement plan of Kyoto Protocol, the reduction targets are decided for each factor of measures against global warming.
- 都議会内でも超党派の東京都議会花粉症対策推進議員連盟(会長・古賀俊昭)が結成された。
- The nonpartisan Tokyo Assembly Federation for the Promotion of Pollinosis Countermeasures (chairman: Toshiaki KOGA) was also formed within the Tokyo Assembly.
- しかし、西郷の新政府への不満はその富国政策とその指導にあたる大隈ら大蔵官僚にあった。
- Saigo, however, was dissatisfied with the government's policy of national enrichment and the bureaucrats of Okurasho (Ministry of Treasury), including Okuma, who led this policy.
- しかし近代の四民平等は名目のみであり、その解消のための具体的な施策が行われなかった。
- However, the modern equality of all people was only nominal and no specific measures were taken to dissolve it.
- この間、1980年にカビの大量発生をみるが、この時は薬品等を用いた除去策が功を奏した。
- During the works, a large amount of fungi grew, but the measure to remove them with chemicals was successful at that time.
- 教室、大学院共同図書室、アメリカ研究所・アメリカ研究科事務室、総合政策科学研究科事務室
- Classrooms, library of university and graduate schools, office of International Institutes of American Studies, office of the Graduate School of Policy and Management
- Classrooms, Graduate School joint library, the office of the International Institute of American Studies and the Graduate School of American Studies, and the office of Graduate School of Policy and Management
- 福知山藩主 松平忠房により作られた潅漑用の池を中心に、市民の散策の場として整備された。
- It was built as a place for the people of the city to stroll around, centering on an irrigation pond, and was made by Tadafusa MATSUDAIRA who was a lord of the Fukuchiyama clan.
- この背景として、日蓮宗管長・新井日薩らによる「全日蓮門下の統合」を目指す画策もあった。
- There was a background that the chief abbot of the Nichiren Sect, Nissatsu ARAI, and others aimed to 'unify the whole Nichiren discipline.'
- 直日・直堂は警策で正面から左右の背中をそれぞれ、一回につき夏季は二打、冬期は四打する。
- With keisaku, jikijitsu or jikido gives two strikes (in summer) or four strikes (in winter) each on the left and right backs at one time head on.
- 前三号に掲げるもののほか、水産に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進するために必要な事項
- In addition to what is listed in the preceding three items, matters necessary for the comprehensive and systematic promotion of fisheries policies.
- 律令制では、勧農は国司の職務として規定されており、国司による各種の勧農施策が行われた。
- Under the ritsuryo system, kanno was defined as the duty of kokushi and the measures and policies of kanno were implemented by kokushi.
- そのため、11世紀中期頃から中央政府は財政収入の確保を図って現実的な政策を採り始めた。
- Therefore, since around the middle of eleventh century, the central government began to adopt realistic policies in order to secure its financial revenue.
- しかし幕府は慶長小判回収を促進するため、二朱金への両替は元禄金に限るという策を講じた。
- However, bakufu took a measure to allow only Genrokukin at currency conversion to Nishukin to encourage collection of Keicho koban.
- 鎖国(さこく)は、江戸幕府が日本人の海外交通を禁止し、外交・貿易を制限した政策のこと。
- National Isolation ('Sakoku' in Japanese) refers to the policy of seclusion by which the Edo Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) prohibited Japanese citizens from going abroad, while imposing restrictions on diplomatic exchanges and trade with foreign countries.
- 開拓使による最初の移民政策は、政府募集の移民を送り込んで定住させるというものであった。
- The first immigration policy the Development Commission took was to send immigrants recruited by the government to Hokkaido and made them settled.
- 14世紀に元を滅ぼした明においては、王朝を脅かす怖れのある海上勢力の禁圧策がとられた。
- The Ming Dynasty that had destroyed Yuan Dynasty during the fourteenth century employed a policy to suppress the marine forces that posed a possibility to threaten the dynasty.
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法第十五条第三項若しくは第二十条第三項の規定による指示を受けたとき
- When a prefectural governor has received an instruction under the provisions of Article 15, paragraph 3 or Article 20, paragraph 3 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness,
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法第十五条第三項又は第二十条第三項の規定による指示を受けたときは、
- When a prefectural governor has received an instruction under the provisions of Article 15, paragraph 3 or Article 20, paragraph 3 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness, ... pursuant to the provisions of a regional disaster prevention plan
- 原子力災害については、災害対策基本法第八十七条及び第八十八条第二項の規定は、適用しない。
- The provisions of Article 87 and Article 88, paragraph 2 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures shall not apply to a nuclear disaster.
- 農林水産大臣は、定数を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In the event that the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries intends to provide for the Prescribed Number, he/she shall hear the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- この大火に江戸幕府も衝撃を受け、急遽老中松平定信を京都に派遣して朝廷と善後策を協議した。
- Thus fire shocked the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) which promptly dispatched senior councillor Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA to Kyoto to consult with the Imperial Court on how to handle the situation.
- 明治には新政府の政策に反対する徴兵令反対一揆や解放令反対一揆、地租改正反対一揆が起こる。
- In the Meiji period, uprisings in objection to the policies of the new government, including choheirei hantai ikki (conscription ordinance objection uprising), kaihorei hantai ikki (edict of Grand Council of State objection uprising), and chiso kaisei hantai ikki (land-tax reform objection reform), occurred.
- また、世界的には財政が窮乏した際の増収策の一貫として官位などが売りに出される例もあった。
- In other parts of the world, government posts were sold in order to increase revenue when governments faced a financial predicament.
- 周辺諸氏と友好を保ち伊達氏に対抗したり、織田信長に使者を送るなど積極的な政策を打ち出す。
- Moritaka hammered out positive policies including trying to cope with the Date clan by maintaining friendly relations with adjacent clans and sending an envoy to Nobunaga ODA.
- しかし、禁武政策と空手発展の因果関係については、近年、これを疑問視する研究者が少なくない。
- Recently, however, many researchers have questioned the correlation between the kinmu seisaku and the development of karate.
- 通常警策は禅堂内で使用されるものだが、時として禅堂から離れたところで用いられることがある。
- Kyosaku (keisaku) is usually used in Zendo hall, but sometimes it is used in places away from Zendo hall.
- 原子力災害(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二条第一号に規定する原子力災害をいう。以下同じ。)を
- nuclear disaster (which means the nuclear disaster prescribed in Article 2, item (i) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness; the same shall apply hereinafter)
- 農林水産大臣は、前項の検討を行うに当たっては、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In his/her examination under the preceding paragraph, the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries shall hear the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- これらの批判を踏まえ林野庁では、2008年より花粉発生源対策プロジェクトを立ち上げている。
- In response to these criticisms, the Forestry Agency launched countermeasures to combat the sources of pollen in 2008.
- 阿保親王はこれに与せずに、逸勢の従姉妹でもある檀林皇太后に健岑らの策謀を密書にて上告した。
- Without taking their sides, the Imperial Prince Abo reported to the Empress Dowager Danrin, a cousin of Hayanari, about their scheme by sending a secret letter.
- その中で、支配層は農民を育成するため、年貢による収奪だけでなく、様々な勧農施策を実施した。
- Meanwhile, the ruling class not only exploited farmers by nengu, but also implemented several measures of kanno to cultivate farmers.
- 明和9年(1772年)9月に田沼意次の命を受けた勘定奉行の川井久敬の建策により創鋳される。
- They were minted on the instructions of Hisataka KAWAI, Kanjo Bugyo (commissioner of finance), who received the order from Okitsugu TANUMA in September 1772.
- 折しも、倒幕派公家の岩倉具視らの画策によって討幕の密勅が下されようとしていたときであった。
- The incident happened just when court nobles of tobakuha (anti-Bakufu, crushing-the-Bakufu faction) including Tomomi IWAKURA schemed the issuance of secret Imperial command of attacking the shogunate.
- これは当主の三沢為幸の手引きによる行動で、独立した動きを取る兄と弟を封じ込める策であった。
- This was a scheme by Tameyuki MISAWA, the head of MISAWA clan, who tried to contain the independent movements by his elder and younger sons.
- 荒俣宏の小説・帝都物語では、加持祈祷による米英ソの戦争指導者の呪殺を画策する事になっている。
- In the novel 'Teito Monogatari' (The tale of the Imperial Capital) by Hiroshi ARAMATA, he is supposed to plan killing the war leaders in the USA, the UK and Soviet Union through curses.
- それに伴い、蝦夷に対する政策も変わり7世紀中頃の攻防戦線は東北へ移動をしている(蝦夷征伐)。
- This affected the policy toward the Emishi and the battle line moved to the northeast in the mid-seventh century (the subjugation of Ezo).
- 及び原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第一項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。以下
- and including the cases where it is applied by replacing the term and phrase pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 1 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness ...;
- 国は、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する総合的な施策を策定し、及びこれを実施する責務を有する。
- The State shall be responsible for formulating and implementing comprehensive measures on the promotion of core manufacturing technology.
- 農林水産大臣は、基本計画を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries wishes to establish the Basic Plan, he/she shall first hear to the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- 院政期は、治天の君による仏教保護政策などによって寺社の世俗化のおおいに進展した時期であった。
- The Insei period was the period when temples and shrines were becoming secular through Buddhism protection measures by Chiten no kimi (the retired emperor in power).
- 私的な交易は認めず、冊封体制と呼ばれる国家間の公式な朝貢貿易に限定しようとした(海禁政策)。
- It did not authorize private trading but attempted to authorize only the official international tribute trading called sakuho system (the Chinese vassal system) (Kaikin Policy [the policy to forbid private people to trade with foreign countries]).
- 後白河は園城寺に帰信して庇護者となり露骨な優遇策をとったため、延暦寺では不満が渦巻いていた。
- Because Goshirakawa came to Enjo-ji Temple, became a patron and showed a conspicuous attitude with favorable treatment, the discontents were whirling at Enryaku-ji Temple.
- そのような状況により、銭の相場が乱高下して経済混乱に拍車をかけ、明の海禁政策の一因となった。
- This situation made the money value fluctuate significantly, accelerating economic turmoil, and causing Kaikin Policy to be employed by Ming.
- 670年(天智9年)全国的な戸籍(古代の戸籍制度)を作り、人民を把握する国内政策も推進した。
- In 670, Emperor Tenji created the nationwide family register system and promoted a national policy of surveying the condition of the people.
- 「鎖国」は日本だけにみられた政策ではなく、同時代の東アジア諸国においても「海禁」が採られた。
- In addition to Japan, countries of East Asia also adopted seclusionism during the same period which was called 'Kaikin.'
- 議員閲覧室、議員研究室は政治家の政策勉強のほか、政治家同士の密談に使われているといわれている。
- It is said that the Diet Member's Reading Room and Study Room are used by Diet members for the study of policies, as well as for confidential talks among politicians.
- 翌2004年6月には「緊急」を「恒久」に変えた国宝高松塚古墳壁画恒久保存対策検討会が発足した。
- In August in the next year (2004), the word 'emergency' was changed into 'long-term' and a long-term conservation committee for the mural paintings of Takamatsuzuka tumulus was founded.
- 関係者はポスト鴈治郎について何ら対策を講じる事無く1935(昭和10)年の鴈治郎の死を迎える。
- People involved in the Kabuki business did not take any measures to prepare for the post-Ganjiro era, however, and Ganjiro died in 1935.
- 脛指からの誕生や小動物の誕生から策略による結婚への展開は古く御伽草子の一寸法師形よりは新しい。
- The story that evolves from being born from a shin or a finger, and the birth of a small animal to marriage by trickery is old, but is newer than the figure of Issunboshi in Otogi Zoshi.
- 知的財産の創造、保護及び活用のために政府が集中的かつ計画的に実施すべき施策に関する基本的な方針
- Basic policy concerning measures that the government should implement in a focused and systematic manner for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property;
- 農林水産大臣は、前項の基準を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In the event that the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries intends to provide for the standard set forth in the preceding paragraph, he/she shall hear the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry or Fisheries wishes to establish a standard under the preceding paragraph, he/she shall first hear the opinions of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- 前三号に掲げるもののほか、森林及び林業に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進するために必要な事項
- In addition to what is listed in the preceding three items, matters required for the promotion of comprehensive and systematic implementation of the policies on forest and forestry.
- だが楠木軍は、鎧を着せた藁人形を囮として矢を射掛けるといった奇策により、再び幕府軍を翻弄した。
- The Kusunoki army then gave the bakufu army another drubbing by employing the novel strategy of shooting arrows from among straw figures dressed in armor that acted as decoys.
- 小泉政権がすすめてきた医療費削減政策の結果、日本の勤務医の労働環境は悪化の一途をたどってきた。
- As a result of the Koizumi administration's medical expenditure reduction policy, working conditions for public practice physicians grew steadily worse.
- 大きな財政負担を与えることで弱体化させ江戸幕府に対して武力反抗できないようにする政策を執った。
- The Edo bakufu aimed to weaken the domains by placing them under large financial burdens and not letting them revolt against the bakufu.
- これによりロシアはバルカン半島での南下政策を断念し、進出の矛先を極東地域に向けることになった。
- Consequently, Russia abandoned its southward expansion in the Balkan peninsula and shifted its direction towards expansion in the Far East.
- 永山武四郎本部長はロシアでコサック兵の制度を調べ、これを参考にして屯田兵拡大の具体策を立てた。
- Takeshiro NAGAYAMA, the director-general, examined the Cossac soldier system in Russia, and set up concrete measures of the tondenhei expansion on this model.
- ロシアは極東進出のために不凍港が必要であり、南下政策を取り満州における権益拡大をはかっていた。
- Russia wanted to acquire an ice-free port to advance to the Far East, while trying to expand its interests in Manchuria by the policy of the southward expansion.
- そこでドイツやロシアは自国の対中国政策を維持するために、この日本の要求を容認できないと考えた。
- Therefore, Germany and Russia objected to the Japan's demand in order to maintain their policies on China.
- 政府は、前条の施策を実施するため必要な法制上又は財政上の措置その他の措置を講じなければならない。
- The government must take legislative, financial and other measures required for implementing the measures set forth in the preceding Article.
- 1991年8月 特別顧問会議、「国立国会図書館関西館(仮称)設立に関する第二次基本構想」を策定。
- August 1991: The 'Second Basic Plan for the Establishment of the Kansai-kan of the NDL (provisional name)' was drawn up at the advisory meeting.
- また、政府の宗教政策から、1872年(明治5年)に四宗兼学が廃され、真言宗に属することとなった。
- Furthermore, with government policies concerning religions at the time, Shishu kengaku was abolished in 1872 and came under the Shingon sect.
- 明治時代の初期に西欧の三権分立をまね立法(宗会)・行政(宗務所)による施策決定システムを持った。
- At the beginning of the Meiji period, it had a governmental system of legislative process (shukai) and administration (shumusho), thus emulating the system of separation of the powers in Western countries.
- 原子力災害対策本部長及び原子力災害対策副本部長以外の国務大臣のうちから、内閣総理大臣が任命する者
- persons appointed by the Prime Minister from among the Ministers of State other than the director-general and the vice director-general(s) of the nuclear emergency response headquarters;
- 主務大臣は、前項の規定により提出された資料を当該緊急事態応急対策拠点施設に備え付けるものとする。
- The competent minister shall keep the documents submitted pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph at the relevant off-site center.
- 農林水産大臣は、第一項の計画を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In the event that the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries intends to establish a plan under paragraph 1, he/she shall hear the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- こうした旧来の特権は、明治政府が行う四民平等政策や、近代化政策を行うにあたって障害となっていた。
- These old privileges posed an impediment to the Meiji Government's policies like the equality of all people and modernization.
- そこで10世紀前期頃から中央政府は、軍事警察権を国司に委任するという現実的な政策を採用し始めた。
- In order to cope with such situations, the central government started to adopt from the early 10th century a realistic policy, meaning the delegation of military and police authorities to kokushi.
- 一般的には、経綸の語は、経済政策に限らず国家の政策全般を意味するものとして理解されることが多い。
- Generally the word, keirin is understood as a word referring not only economic policy but also general national policy.
- 結果としてこのような盲人保護政策が、江戸時代の音楽や鍼灸医学の発展の重要な要素になったと言える。
- As a result, these protection policies of the blind became a major cause for the development of music during the Edo period and acupuncture technology.
- ただし、近年の研究では他の戦国大名も独自にこれらの政策に取り組んでいたことが明らかになっている。
- However, recent studies have revealed that other Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) also adopted these policies independently.
- この為明治以降瀬田川洗堰建設や巨椋池の宇治川からの離断・干拓、新淀川開鑿等様々な対策を講じていた。
- In an attempt to prevent such floods, various measures have been implemented since the Meiji period such as building Setagawa-araizeki Barrage, the drainage of Oguraike Lake and its isolation from the Uji-gawa River, and the Shin-Yodogawa-kaisaku (new project of cutting the river wider).
- 唐朝においては、特定の寺院に勅額を下賜する制度を、国家公認の大寺に対する保護政策として行っていた。
- The Tang Dynasty had a system of giving imperial inscriptions to specific temples as a protective policy for large national temples.
- 電気も薬品も使わない防蚊手段であり、エコロジーの観点や薬品アレルギー対策として見直され始めている。
- Their use has started to become reevaluated from the standpoints of ecology and chemical allergies as they represent a mosquito repellent that uses neither electricity nor chemicals.
- マラリアの被害に悩まされるアフリカ諸国や東南アジアなどで、低コストな蚊対策として注目を浴びている。
- In various African and Southeast Asian countries afflicted by malaria, mosquito nets have gained attention as a low-cost measure against mosquitoes.
- 太平洋戦争中に、政府の宗教政策により、古義真言宗と新義真言宗の合同が計られ、大真言宗に統合された。
- During the Pacific War, the Kogi Shingon (Old Shingon) sect and the Shingi Shingon (New Shingon) sect were combined and united with the Dai-Shingon sect (literally, the Great Shingon sect) due to the government's policy on religion.
- 同条第三項(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第二項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)
- paragraph 3 of said Article (including the cases where it is applied by replacing the phrases pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 2 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness)
- 農林水産大臣は、前項の漁獲限度を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In the event that the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries intends to provide for the Fish Catches Limitation set forth in the preceding paragraph, he/she shall hear the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- 政府は、森林及び林業に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上及び財政上の措置を講じなければならない。
- The Government shall take legislative and financial measures required to implement the policies concerning forest and forestry.
- 政府は、水産に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上、財政上及び金融上の措置を講じなければならない。
- The Government shall take necessary legislative, fiscal and financial measures to implement the policies on fisheries.
- 江戸時代に入ると幕府は寛永通宝の流通を始め貨幣政策を強化したため、私鋳銭は徐々に姿を消していった。
- In the Edo period, however, as the bakufu enforced its policy on currency by starting to circulate Kanei Tsuho coins, shichusen gradually disappeared.
- なお、寛平・延喜の政策を、律令回帰ではなく土地中心体制への転換準備期と位置づける有力説も存在する。
- There is also another widely accepted theory alleging that the policies in Kanpyo and Engi era were not attempts to return to the Ritsuryo system but preparation for the shift towards the system based on land.
- 伝統的な南下政策がこの戦争の動機の一つであったロシア帝国は、この敗北を期に極東への南下を断念した。
- Although the Russian Empire's entry into the war was motivated by its traditional policy of southward expansion, this defeat prompted it to abandon this policy in the Far East.
- 園路の所々には、散策中の休憩所として、また、庭園を眺望する展望所として、茶亭、東屋などが設けられた。
- Houses for tea ceremony and azuma-ya (small arbors) are placed in various locations in the garden, for resting while walking or for enjoying views of the garden.
- 前三号に掲げるもののほか、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進するために必要な事項
- In addition to what is listed above, matters required to be promoted for the comprehensive and systematic implementation of the policies for food, agriculture and rural areas.
- 藤原惺窩の弟子である林羅山が徳川家康に仕え、以来、林家が大学頭に任ぜられ、幕府の文教政策を統制した。
- Razan HAYASHI, a disciple of Seika FUJIWARA, served Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and since then, the Hayashi family was appointed as Daigaku no kami (Director of the Bureau of Education) and controlled the educational policy of the bakufu.
- この宗論は一般的に信長の策略により、浄土宗側の意味不明なその言葉・発言に嵌められたと解釈されている。
- It is generally considered that Nobunaga trapped the Hokkeshu sect into losing the debate by using the unclear wording of the Jodoshu sect.
- 法興王の時代に公認された後は、南朝梁との交流もあり、国家主導の仏教振興策がとられるようになっていた。
- After it was officially admitted in the era of King Hoko, Buddhism promotion policy was implemented by the nation combined with exchange with the Liang of the Southern Dynasty.
- 国策により武道が利用されはじめ、国民は弓道を含めた各種武道・武士道の再認識・尊重をするようになった。
- Martial arts began being used as national policy, and citizens once again recognized and respected the various martial arts, including Kyudo and Bushido (the code of the samurai).
- 一方、欧化政策を批判する国粋主義者は「嬌奢を競い淫逸にいたる退廃的行事」として非難の声を挙げていた。
- On the other hand, nationalists attacking the Europeanization policy criticized these events as being 'decadent functions leading to competition for lust and luxury and to indulgence in pleasure.'
- 原子力災害対策本部長は、前二項の規定による委任をしたときは、直ちに、その旨を告示しなければならない。
- The director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters shall, when he/she has delegated his/her authority pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, immediately give a public notice to that effect.
- 政府は、毎年、国会に、エネルギーの需給に関して講じた施策の概況に関する報告を提出しなければならない。
- Every year, the government shall submit to the Diet a report on the general situation regarding the measures it has taken in relation to energy supply and demand.
- 農林水産大臣は、前項第三号の条件を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In the case where the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister is going to decide the conditions of the preceding item (iii), he/she shall hear the opinions of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- そして、義満の朝廷政策に批判的であったとされる息子の足利義持もまた後小松上皇の院執事に就任している。
- And even Yoshimochi, who was Yoshimitsu's son and was allegedly critical about his father's policies against the Imperial Court, also assumed the post of In no shitsushi of the retired Emperor Gokomatsu.
- それは大久保が批判対象とする旧幕臣を飛び越して一連の政策立案の中心である大隈をその最大の対象とした。
- The above was mainly targeted at Okuma, who was a key person in a series of policy planning, rather than the former retainers of shogun whom Okubo criticized.
- 以後もアメリカは「門戸開放政策」を掲げて中国進出を意図したが、結局上手くいかず、対日感情が悪化する。
- The United State's efforts to expand their presence in China through the 'Open-door Policy' failed to bear fruit, and led to rising tensions with Japan.
- 別の説では、日本に古くから存在した練酒、白酒などの甘い酒に腐敗防止策として焼酎が加えられたというもの。
- Another theory states that mirin developed from sweet alcoholic beverages that have long existed in Japan such as nerizake and white sake when shochu was added to prevent decay.
- この事態を受けて、文化庁により「国宝高松塚古墳壁画恒久保存対策」を目的とした古墳の発掘調査が始まった。
- In response to these situations, the Agency for Cultural Affairs started excavation and research of the tumulus to 'conserve mural paintings in the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus eternally.'
- 政府その他中央の諸機関との連絡及び首都における施策の調整をはかるため、東京都に東京宗務出張所を設ける。
- In order to communicate with government and other central institutions and to adjust policies in the capital, the Tokyo Local office was established.
- 政府は、第一項の規定により基本計画を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Government shall seek opinions from the Fishery Policy Council, pursuant to the provision of the first paragraph, in establishing the basic plan.
- 政府は、毎年、国会に、水産の動向及び政府が水産に関して講じた施策に関する報告を提出しなければならない。
- The Government shall annually submit to the Diet a report on the trend of fisheries and the measures implemented for fisheries.
- その後、林野庁は「花粉発生源対策プロジェクトチーム」を設置し2008年4月に報告書を取りまとめている。
- Following this, the Forestry Agency formed the 'Pollen Source Countermeasure Project Team' and produced a report in April 2008.
- だが、それでも不十分であり、砂漠緑化をはじめとした地道な活動が、黄砂対策として必要であるとされている。
- However, the measure alone is not enough, and it is considered that steady activities, including planting trees in desert, are required as measures against kosa.
- 元慶の乱は朝廷側の蝦夷に対する懐柔政策が功を奏して、蝦夷は降伏したとするが、これに異を唱える人もいる。
- Some people have disputed the idea that appeasement policy of the imperial side toward the Emishi led to their surrender in the Gangyo War.
- 削減どころか増加している自動車および業務・民生部門への対策として、近年、環境税の手法も検討されている。
- As measures against cars, business operations and civilian sectors, emissions from which tend to increase rather than decrease, the introduction of environmental taxes has been under consideration recently.
- 会議をまとめやすくするという外務省の思惑と、国内の温暖化対策を加速させるという環境省の思惑とがあった。
- There were two kinds of expectations: Ministry of the Foreign Affairs' expectation to organize the conference orderly and Ministry of the Environment's expectation to accelerate the environmental measures in Japan.
- 2005年6月27日、国宝高松塚古墳壁画恒久保存対策検討会において、この方法を採用することが決定された。
- On June 27, 2005, the long-term conservation committee for the mural paintings of Takamatsuzuka tumulus decided to adopt this plan.
- 推進計画に定める施策については、原則として、当該施策の具体的な目標及びその達成の時期を定めるものとする。
- The specific objectives and time limits for accomplishment of these objectives shall be, in principle, decided for the measures determined within the strategic program.
- それゆえ、禁武政策による空手発展説を「全く根拠のない巷間の浮説」(藤原稜三)と一刀両断する研究者もいる。
- The theory that karate developed due to the kinmu seisaku is therefore refuted by some researchers as 'completely groundless fiction invented in the streets' (Ryozo FUJIWARA).
- 総務部 - 総務課・労務厚生課・災害対策課・企画室・社会人権局 - 社会課・人権課(社会人権局長を置く)
- General Affairs Department - General Affairs Division/Labor Welfare Division/Disaster Prevention Division/Planning OfficeCommunity Human Rights Department - Community Division/Human Rights Division (The chief of Community Human Rights Department is placed.)
- 兄と共に度々大陸へ渡り、当地の事情に精通していたこともあって、同年に国策の北支那開発会社初代総裁に就任。
- Because he frequently traveled to the Chinese mainland with his elder brother and had an in-depth knowledge of the country, in 1938 he was installed as the first director-general of a national policy concern, Kita Shina Kaihatsu Kabushikigaisha (a company established to develop the Chinese economy during the era of the Great Japanese Empire).
- 塀・柵・門などがなく入園料も不要なのでどこからでも、いつでも(365日・24時間)散策することができる。
- There are no walls, fences, nor gates, etc., and admission is free, so you can take a walk from anywhere and anytime (24 hours, 365 days).
- つまり警策で打つという行為は、坐禅修行が円滑に進むようにという「文殊菩薩による励まし」という意味を持つ。
- That is, the act to strike with the keisaku (kyosaku) has the meaning of 'encouragement by Monju Bosatsu' so that zazen training will proceed smoothly.
- 第七十三条第一項(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第一項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)
- Article 73, paragraph 1 (including the cases where it is applied by replacing the phrase pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 1 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness)
- 第五十二条第一項(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第一項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)
- Article 52, paragraph 1 (including the cases where it is applied by replacing the phrase pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 1 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness)
- 第七十八条第一項(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第一項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)
- Article 78, paragraph 1 (including the cases where it is applied by replacing the term and phrase pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 1 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness)
- 第七十一条第一項(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第一項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)
- Article 71, paragraph 1 (including the cases where it is applied by replacing the term and phrase pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 1 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness)
- 第七十六条第一項(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第二項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)
- Article 76, paragraph 1 (including the cases where it is applied by replacing the term and phrase pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 2 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness )
- 国は、漁業経営の安定に資するため、水産物の価格の著しい変動を緩和するために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for mitigating adverse significant price changes of marine products to contribute to the stable fishery management.
- 農林水産大臣は、広域漁業調整委員会及び水産政策審議会に対し、監督上必要な命令又は処分をすることができる。
- The Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister may order or dispose of the Wide Sea-area Fisheries Adjustment Commissions and the Fisheries Policy Council as required for supervision.
- スギ花粉症に対する行政の政策に関しては日本人の患者数が多いため、日本では活発に対策・議論が行われている。
- There is continued active discussion and implementation of countermeasures in Japan due to the fact that Japanese cedar pollinosis affects such a large number of Japanese people.
- この動きを察知した細川澄元は祖父である細川成之や細川高国に頼んで、大内義興らと和睦しようと画策していた。
- In anticipation, Sumimoto HOSOKAWA asked Shigeyuki HOSOKAWA, his grandfather, and Takakuni HOSOKAWA including Yoshioki OUCHI together planned to reconcile with them.
- 一般的には百姓身分の者の武器所有を禁止し、それらを没収して農村の武装解除を図った政策として知られている。
- Katanagari is generally known as a policy of seeking to disarm a farming village by prohibiting peasants from owning arms and confiscating them.
- 国は、国民が農業に対する理解と関心を深めるよう、農業に関する教育の振興その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as the promotion of agricultural education so as to obtain better understanding and interest of the citizens in agriculture.
- 武帝 (漢)の時、賢良文学の士で挙げられた董仲舒は儒学を正統の学問として五経博士を設置することを献策した。
- In the era of Emperor Wu (Han), To Chujo (Dong Zhongshu), who was praised as the man of intelligent and good-natured literature, made a proposal to establish Gokyo hakase (the expert of Five Classics) for Ju-gaku, treating it as a legitimate learning.
- 琉球の沖縄本島で空手が発展した理由として、従来言及されてきたのが、二度にわたって実施された禁武政策である。
- Traditionally, the kinmu seisaku (a ban on weapons), which was implemented twice, has been cited as the reason that karate prospered in Okinawa's main island during the Ryukyu Kingdom era.
- 昭和20年(1945年)11月6日、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部が学校の剣道を禁止した(GHQ武道禁止策)。
- On November 6, 1945, the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ) prohibited Kendo in school (the Budo Ban).
- 政権確立後は各種寺院法度の発布や本末制度・檀家制度の確立を通じて日本全国を対象とした宗教統制策を遂行した。
- After he came to power, controls on religions all over Japan were placed through the promulgation of various jiinhatto (Act of Temples) and the establishment of honmatsu seido (main-branch temple system) and danka seido (parishioner system).
- 前三号に掲げるもののほか、エネルギーの需給に関する施策を長期的、総合的かつ計画的に推進するために必要な事項
- In addition to what are listed in the preceding three items, any matters necessary for promoting measures on energy supply and demand on a long-term, comprehensive and systematic basis
- 国は、国民が漁業に対する理解と関心を深めるよう、漁業に関する教育の振興その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as promotion of education on fisheries to obtain better understanding and interest of the citizens in fisheries.
- 政府は、前項の講じようとする施策を明らかにした文書を作成するには、林政審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Government shall seek opinions from the Forestry Policy Council, in preparing a document explaining the policies the Government is going to implement as referred to in the preceding paragraph.
- 政府は、森林及び林業に関する施策を講ずるに当たっては、必要な資金の融通の適正円滑化を図らなければならない。
- In taking measures for forest and forestry, the Government shall endeavor to provide adequate financial support smoothly.
- が、納銭方に任ぜられるのは土倉・酒屋の中の有力者で、自然と幕府の経済政策に対する影響が大きくなっていった。
- However, powerful owners of doso-sakaya were appointed to Nosenkata and they naturally came to affect the bakufu's economic policy.
- 本来は非公式の会合であり、意思決定も統裁合議制に則って行われていたが、次第に実質上の政策決定期間となった。
- Originally these meetings were informal in nature, and although decisions were made in accordance with the tosai-gogisei (a system under which the role of members was merely to advise the single individual vested with final decision-making power), the Jin no Sadame gradually became a de facto institution for government policy-making.
- 儒家でない者で文章得業生になることができない文章生については、特に方略宣旨を申請して、「対策」を受験した。
- Those Monjosho who were not Confucian and could not become Monjo tokugosho, made a special petition for Horyaku senshi (an imperial letter) to take the 'taisaku' exam.
- 文章得業生が一定年限(3・5・7年目など)を経て秀才試(方策試・対策とも)を受験して方略策2条を作成した。
- After a certain period of time studying as Monjo tokugosho (their third, fifth and seventh year etc.), they took the official appointment examination for the 'shusai' rank (both hosakushi examination and taisaku examination) and wrote two articles in the horyakusaku examination.
- 秀吉が三法師を推したのは腹心の黒田孝高(官兵衛)の策で、他の宿老たちにも根回しが行き渡っていたと言われる。
- It is said to have been the plan of Yoshitaka KURODA, a trustworthy assistant of Hideyoshi, that Hideyoshi backed up Sanboshi in the conference and that the consensus was secretly built among other chief vassals in advance.
- 国は、農産物の価格の著しい変動が育成すべき農業経営に及ぼす影響を緩和するために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for mitigating adverse effects of significant price changes of agricultural products on farm management which should be encouraged.
- 江戸時代、幕府の宗教政策である寺請制度により、何れかの寺院を菩提寺と定めその檀家になることが義務付けられた。
- In the Edo period, contemporary bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) instituted as a part of its policy for religions the Terauke seido (the system of organizing whole temples in Japan with registration of follower families) and made it mandatory for every family to become a parishioner of any temple designated as its bodaiji (a family temple).
- 原子力災害対策本部長は、前各項の規定による権限の全部又は一部を原子力災害対策副本部長に委任することができる。
- The director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters may delegate the whole or a part of his/her authority under the provisions of the preceding six paragraphs to the vice director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters.
- 国は、漁ろうの安全の確保、労働条件の改善その他の漁業の従事者の労働環境の整備に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for improvement of working environment of employed fishery such as maintenance of safety of fish catching and improvement of working conditions
- 南北朝の動乱による武家・公家・寺社の所領をめぐる利益衝突の融和策として天龍寺建立に賛同した副将軍・足利直義。
- Vice-Shogun Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA agreed to Tenryu-ji Temple construction as a reconciliation policy of the profit conflict concerning the territory of the samurai class, the court nobles, and temples and shrines due to the disturbance of the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
- 院政期には、「南都北嶺」などの大寺院が上述のような仏教保護政策に乗じて、荘園領主として世俗権力化していった。
- During the Insei period, large temples such as 'Nanto Hokurei' (temples in Nara and Mt. Hiei) became secular and powerful as a feudal lords of shoen (a manor in medieval Japan), taking advantage of Buddhist protection measures stated as above.
- 寛治4年(1090年)、堀河天皇の仏神事興行政策の中で上下賀茂社に各600町ずつの荘園が寄進された中の一荘。
- Within the Buddhist and Shinto ritual performance plan by Emperor Horikawa, Kuragaki no Sho was part of the manor donated in 1090 to the Kamigamo-sha and Shimogamo-sha Shrines, each receiving an area of 595 hectares.
- 泰盛は、時宗の理解も得て、幕府の経済基盤の充実を図るとともに、御家人の地位を保証する政策を実現しようとした。
- With the understanding of Tokimune, Yasumori attempted to implement a policy to guarantee the status of gokenin, as well as enrich the economical base of the bakufu.
- こうしたことから、政府の対応は患者不在の対策であると指摘され、縦割り行政の弊害が現れていると評する人もいる。
- These factors have led to criticism that government measures disregard patients, and there are also those who claim that actions of the divided government are resulting in adverse effects.
- 翌1205年、時政は娘婿の平賀朝雅を将軍にしようと画策、朝雅と対立する畠山重忠を殺害し、実朝を廃そうとした。
- In the following year of 1205, Tokimasa planned to install his adopted son-in-law Tomomasa HIRAGA as shogun, killed Shigetada HATAKEYAMA who had opposed to Tomomasa and tried to depose Sanetomo.
- 明治4年(1871年)1月に西郷は上京し、薩摩などの維新功労者の新政府登用策の受け入れのみで一旦は了承した。
- Saigo came to Tokyo in January 1871, and immediately understood the plan to appoint the persons of Satsuma etc. who rendered meritorious service in the Restoration to Governments posts.
- 歴代将軍の中でも一番独裁性の強かった徳川家康の治世においても、諌言したり政策立案する幕閣は存在したのである。
- Even under the rule of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, whose governance had the strongest aspects of dictatorship of all the shoguns, there were cabinet officials in the Shogunate who remonstrated against the shogun and were engaged in formulation of policies.
- 城中の糧食が尽きるのを待って陥落させるという長囲策を採る薩軍が対砲戦を主としたので、守城側はそれに苦しんだ。
- The besieged army of Kumamoto Castle was helpless against the Satsuma army, which attacked the castle mainly with counterbattery activities while laying a long drawn-out siege to make the besieged army run out of the provisions and fall.
- - 老朽化した外装・内装を更新するほか、バリアフリー対策としてエレベーターと廊下を増築する工事も行われている。
- In addition to the restoration of aging exteriors and interiors, elevators are installed and corridors added in order to provide better accessibility for the physically disadvantaged or disabled.
- 関係各大臣は、第一項第三号又は第四号の規定による勧告に基づき講じた施策について委員会に報告しなければならない。
- Relevant ministers shall report to the Commission on policies that they have implemented on the basis of a recommendation in accordance with the provisions of item (iii) or (iv) of paragraph (1).
- 終戦後、戦前〜戦中の国策とも言うべき武道励行に対する反動から、国民の武道に対する感情は非常に厳しいものとなる。
- After the war, due to a backlash against the rigorous enforcement of martial arts from before the war to during the war--which was something of a national policy--people's feelings toward the martial arts became very harsh.
- 東京都などが都市部のヒートアイランド対策として、数十万人の都民がいっせいに打ち水を行うという計画を進めている。
- As a countermeasure for the urban heat island phenomenon, Tokyo Metropolitan Government and others are implementing the program in which hundreds of thousands of citizens conduct Uchimizu simultaneously.
- 秀吉の宗教政策は総本山根来寺を智山派・豊山派に二分し、勢力を分散させ一大宗教都市根来を衰退させることにあった。
- Hideyoshi's policy regarding religion was to divide the Grand Head Temple Negoro-ji Temple into two, Chisan school and Buzan school, and decrease the power of the religious city, Negoro.
- いまでこそ坐禅につきものとされている警策であるが、その歴史は浅く、江戸時代になってから登場したと言われている。
- Now kyosaku (keisaku) is considered to be necessary to zazen, but its history is short, and it is said to have appeared in the Edo Period.
- また、「子ども座禅会」は、あくまでも坐禅「体験」であるので、いわゆる「希望策」というシステムを取ることが多い。
- Also, because 'kodomo zazenkai' is only zazen 'experience,' a system so-called 'kibo-saku' is often adopted.
- これらの幕府の政策は、各宗派の活動の中心にあった門派や塔頭の教団機能を低下させ、各本山への権限の集中を招いた。
- These shogunate policies reduced the organizational function of monpa (a division of a Buddhist sect) and of tatchu (a minor temple), both of which played the central role in Buddhist activities in each sect in those days, while the policies caused the concentration of religious power on each main temple.
- また一方で、租税の確保や武家的な禁欲思想に基づいて、たびたび酒の売買、製造、移出入などを禁ずる政策が出された。
- On the other hand, aiming to secure taxes and based on the asceticism of samurai, policies which forbade the trade, manufacturing, and transportation of sake were often implemented.
- 政府は、毎年、国会に、政府がものづくり基盤技術の振興に関して講じた施策に関する報告書を提出しなければならない。
- The government shall submit to the Diet a written report on the measures it has taken with regard to the promotion of core manufacturing technology, every year.
- 国は、中小事業者の取引条件に関する不利を補正するため、その下請取引の適正化に関し必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to correct disadvantages concerning trade terms with regard to small and medium sized business operators, the State shall take the necessary measures to make their subcontracting transactions fair and reasonable.
- 前項の施策を講ずるに当たり、その実効的な遂行を確保する観点から、事業者の理解と協力を得るよう努めるものとする。
- In taking the measures set forth in the preceding paragraph, national government shall endeavor to obtain the understanding and cooperation of business operators for the purpose of ensuring effective implementation of such measures.
- 農林水産大臣は、基本方針を定め、又はこれを変更しようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries intends to establish or change the Basic Policy, he/she shall listen to the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- 政府は、前項の講じようとする施策を明らかにした文書を作成するには、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Government shall seek opinions from the Fisheries Policy Council in preparing a document explaining the policies the Government is going to implement as mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
- 後白河は公卿を法住寺殿に召集して対策を協議させるとともに、検非違使・武士に動員令を下して御所の警備を強化する。
- Goshirakawa summoned kugyo (top court officials) to Hojuji-dono Palace to discuss measures and gave mobilization orders to kebiishi (police and judicial chief) to increase security.
- 朝廷ではその対策として養老5年(721年)に吉田宜(吉宜)を褒賞して医道を奨励し、内薬司に女医博士を設置した。
- Against this tendency, the court took countermeasures, such as rewarding KICHITA no Yoroshi (called Kichiyoroshi for short) in 721 for his contribution to I-do, and newly establishing the post of 'Nyoi Hakase' (Female Master of Medicine) in Naiyakushi.
- 廃刀令以降、1877年の薩摩士族の反乱である西南戦争まで、各地で新政府の政策に不平を唱える士族反乱が起こった。
- Shizoku no hanran (a revolt by families or persons with samurai ancestors) was instigated by families or persons who were the ancestors of samurai and complained about the new government's policies in various parts of the country after the issue of a decree banning the wearing of swords, until 1877 when Seinan War, a revolt by families or persons with samurai ancestors in Satsuma, occurred.
- また、勧学田の拡張や大学教官への職田設定、学生に対する学問料・給料(学資)支給制定などの財政支援策も採られた。
- Daigaku-ryo also promoted financial assistance measures such as the expansion of kangakuden, the offering of shikiden (a rice field provided for dainagon and the higher rank) to professors, and the provision of a study stipend and salary (financial aid) to students.
- 一方で、乾燥化の進行よりも植林などの対策のほうがスピードが遅く、黄砂対策は実効性を現しにくいという見方もある。
- On the other hand, there is a view of considering that the speed of dry land expansion is higher than that of planting trees and it is not easy to make the effects of the measures taken against kosa visible.
- 朱雀期以降、律令制的人別支配を前提とする班田収授が実施されていないことなどが、この政策転回の存在を示している。
- This policy change was proven by the fact that the government ceased to conduct handen shuju (a system of periodic reallocations of rice land), whose premise was people-based governance under the Ritsuryo system, since the Suzaku era.
- 対策文は、中国の故事を引用した内容空疎なものであり、次第に形式化していったが、試験自体は室町時代まで行われた。
- Taisakumon drew Chinese historical events and was poor in content, and was gradually becoming formalized, but the test itself continued until the Muromachi period.
- いっぽう、長州藩の長井雅楽が主導する「航海遠略策」が朝廷・幕府の賛同を得て、公武一和の具体策として急浮上する。
- Meanwhile, a policy that recommended improving Japan's navigational skills to communicate with foreign nations, advocated by Uta NAGAI of Choshu clan, was approved by both the imperial court and the bakufu, and emerged as a tool to unite the court and the shogunate.
- ダイオキシン類対策特別措置法(平成十一年法律第百五号)第六条第一項の政令の制定又は改廃の立案をしようとするとき。
- When intending to form a plan for enactment, amendment, or abolishment of the Cabinet Order provided in Article 6, paragraph (1) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Dioxins (Act No. 105 of 1999).
- 政府は、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上、財政上及び金融上の措置を講じなければならない。
- The Government shall take legislative, fiscal and financial measures required to implement policies concerning food, agriculture and rural areas.
- 昭和2年頃、旧磐田郡豊田町(旧井通村)役場の農事監督官、熊谷一郎氏が、昭和の不況対策のため新作物として導入した。
- Around 1926, Ichiro Kumagai, who was an inspector of farming at the town office of Toyoda-cho (the former Idoori Village), in the previous Iwata district, introduced ebi-imo into the area as a new crop to deal with the Showa recession.
- 明治維新後、幕府崩壊と共に武士階級の消滅、明治政府による近代化政策の煽りから武術は時代遅れとされ急激に衰退する。
- After the Meiji Restoration, because of the disappearance of Samurai hierarchy together with the demise of the bakufu, Japan's feudal government, and the influence of the modernization policy of the Meiji Government, martial arts were considered to be out of fashion and declined rapidly.
- 雲水が、その修行中に規矩(雲水が守るべき規則)を破ってしまった際、文字通り「罰」として警策で打たれることを指す。
- It refers to being struck with the kyosaku (keisaku) literally as 'batsu (punishment)' when an unsui (wandering monk) breaks kiku (rules that the unsui should observe).
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な漁業経営の育成に資するため、漁場の利用の合理化の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures such as promotion of rationalization of utilization of fishing grounds and others necessary for the development of efficient and sustainable fishery management.
- 国は、水産資源の適切な保存及び管理に資するため、水産資源に関する調査及び研究その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures such as research, study and others relevant to fishery resources and others necessary to contribute to an appropriate conservation and management of living aquatic resource.
- 更にこれは半済法でありながら、その内容は室町幕府の所領に関する政策と訴訟に対する姿勢を内外に示した法令であった。
- While this law was categorized as a hanzei law, its contents demonstrated policies concerning territories of the Muromachi bakufu as well as the attitude toward litigation on the inside and outside of the bakufu.
- 政府は、第一項の規定により基本計画を定めようとするときは、食料・農業・農村政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Government shall seek opinions from the Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies in establishing the basic plan under the provision of paragraph 1.
- 1960年以後は行政施策の後押しもあって全国的に過剰なまでに増産され、1968年の豊作時には計画生産量を上回った。
- After 1960, mikan was produced excessively country wide under the encouragement of administration and the total yield was beyond the planned figure in the good harvest year of 1968.
- 酒造統制(しゅぞうとうせい)とは、日本の江戸幕府が酒造業に対して加えた制限(規制)及び奨励(規制緩和)政策のこと。
- Sake brewing control is the restriction (control) and promotion (relaxation of the control) policy adopted by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in Japan for the sake brewing industry.
- 明治時代初期の神仏分離政策において、本地垂迹説を否定するために権現号の使用が一時禁止されたが、のちに取り消された。
- Owing to the government policy of the separation of Buddhism and Shintoism in the early Meiji period, the use of the title of gongen was banned for some time in order to deny Honji-suijaku setsu, but eventually the ban was withdrawn.
- 、原子力事業者(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二条第三号に規定する原子力事業者をいう。以下同じ。)並びにその他の関係者
- nuclear operators (which means the nuclear operators prescribed in Article 2, item (iii) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness) and other persons concerned
- 農林水産大臣は、第一項の政令の制定又は改廃の立案をしようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In the case where the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister is going to plan the establishment or abolition of the Cabinet Order of paragraph (1), he/she shall hear the opinions of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- 農林水産大臣は、毎年少なくとも一回、水産政策審議会に対し、指定漁業の許可及び起業の認可の状況を報告するものとする。
- The Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister shall report the states of the permissions and approvals on business commencement for designated fisheries to the Fisheries Policy Council at least once every year.
- 農林水産大臣は、第一項及び第二項の農林水産省令を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In the event that the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries intends to establish an Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries under paragraphs 1 and 2, he/she shall hear the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- When the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister is going to establish the Ordinances of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), he/she shall hear the opinions of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法第七条第四項、第八条第五項、第九条第七項又は第十一条第六項の規定による命令に違反したとき。
- when he/she has violated an order pursuant to Article 7 (4), Article 8 (5), Article 9 (7) or Article 11 (6) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency, or
- when he/she has violated an order pursuant to Article 7 (4), Article 8 (5), Article 9 (7) or Article 11 (6) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency.
- when he/she has violated an order pursuant to Article 7 (4), Article 8 (5), Article 9 (7) or Article 11 (6) of the Act on Special Law of Nuclear Emergency Preparedness.
- 食料である水産物の安定的な供給の確保に関する施策については、食料・農業・農村基本法及びこの節に定めるところによる。
- Measures for the maintenance of stable supply of marine products, the food, shall be provided in the Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas Basic Act and this Section.
- このことは税金を投入して対策を行う以上、無駄なことはできるだけ避けなければいけないため、以前より指摘されてはいた。
- The fact that such countermeasures are funded by taxpayer's money means that wastage must be avoided, and these initiatives therefore receive more attention than they once did.
- こうした動きとは別に、東京都による音頭とりによって、関東の8都県市では協調して花粉症対策を進めていくことになった。
- The example set by Tokyo has spurred on the implementation of pollinosis countermeasures by cooperation between Tokyo, Kanagawa Prefecture, Chiba Prefecture, Saitama Prefecture, Yokohama City, Kawasaki City, Chiba City and Saitama City.
- 終戦後は、日本は当初唱えていた満洲に於ける列国の機会均等の原則を翻し、日露が共同して利権を分け合うことを画策した。
- After the war, Japan reversed its original stance to seek equality among the great powers when it concerns Manchuria, and planned to share rights equally with Russia.
- 前項の検証の結果については、第三条の規定による国の施策の策定及び実施に当たって、適切な活用が図られなければならない。
- The results of the review set forth in the preceding paragraph must be utilized properly in developing and implementing measures of the State under the provisions of Article 3.
- 1989年(平成元年)度より施策の必要性の議論が始まり、1992年(平成4年)度には政府が施設の設置構想をまとめた。
- In 1989, discussions on the need for such a facility started, and in 1992 the government completed the plan to establish it.
- 自然林の中を散策できる散策道や、ビオトープ池でなどがあり、鳥のさえずりや生き物の観察に適した環境が作り出されている。
- This zone has a walking trail in a natural forest and a biotope pond that together provide a good environment for observing living creatures and listening to birds sing.
- 政府は、食品の安全性の確保に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上又は財政上の措置その他の措置を講じなければならない。
- The government shall take legislative or financial measures and other necessary measures to implement policies to ensure Food safety.
- 前各号に定めるもののほか、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策を政府が集中的かつ計画的に推進するために必要な事項
- Matters other than those prescribed in the preceding items that are required for the government to promote measures in a focused and systematic manner for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property.
- 政府の政策は他種への改植を促す事にもなり、ウンシュウミカンの栽培面積が年々減り続ける一方で他の柑橘の栽培は拡大した。
- The government's policy also prompted crop changeover, and while the total cultivation area of unshu mikan decreased year after year, that of other citrus increased.
- 秋の、野の花が咲き乱れる野原を「花野」(はなの)といい、花野を散策して短歌や俳句を詠むことが、古来より行われていた。
- The autumn field, where wildflowers bloom, is called 'Hanano' (flower field), and since early times people would walk around the field and compose Tanka (poems of 31 syllables) or Haiku (poems of 17 syllables).
- このため、苦肉の策として大豆の加水分解液を醤油に利用する方法が導入され、戦後しばらくの間はこうした醤油造りが続いた。
- For this reason, the method to use a hydrolyzed solution of soybeans for soy-sauce was introduced as a desperate measure, and production of soy-sauce using this method continued for a while after World War II.
- 太平洋戦争にともなう、政府の宗教政策により再び、古義真言宗派と新義真言宗派の合同が図られ、大真言宗に統合させられた。
- During the Pacific War, the government tried to integrate the Kogi Shingon sect and the Shingi Shingon sect again, and they were integrated into the Daishingon sect.
- 平安時代、僧侶の堕落停滞による真言宗没落の危機が発生し、高野山金剛峯寺の高僧だった覚鑁が宗派建て直しの緊急策を敢行。
- In the Heian Period, corruption by priests led to a crisis within the Shingon sect and emergency measures to rebuild the sect were taken by Kakuban, who was a high priest of Koyasan Kongobu-ji Temple.
- 国は、基本理念の実現に資することができるよう、水産に関する団体の効率的な再編整備につき必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for efficient restructuring and improvement of organizations relevant to fisheries to contribute to the realization of basic principles.
- 有名な例では、貞観 (日本)12年(870年)に行われた西曹に属する菅原道真の対策の出題博士は東曹の都良香であった。
- As a famous example, SUGAWARA no Michizane who belonged to the seiso took the taisaku examination in 870 from the MIYAKO no Yoshika of the toso as the setter hakase of the examination.
- その対策に苦慮して、後に分一銭を導入して債権額の1/10(後に1/5)を幕府に納入することを徳政令適用の条件とした。
- The bakufu struggled with the situation, later introduced the buichi-sen tax system, and made it a condition of Tokuseirei that one-tenth (later, one-fifth) of the debt amount should be paid to the bakufu.
- 更に明の海禁政策や銀と貨幣による通貨体系の確立(銅銭の除外)は銅銭鋳造の必要性を減らし、当然日本への流入も減少した。
- Furthermore, Kaikin Policy (the policy to forbid private people to trade with foreign countries) and the establishment of a currency system based on silver and coins (excluding copper coins) by the Ming Dynasty reduced the necessity of minting copper coins, naturally decreasing the amount of copper coins that were brought into Japan as well.
- しかし、その後江戸幕府はキリスト教の禁教政策を強化し、1624年(寛永元年)にはスペイン船の来航を禁止するに至った。
- However, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) tightened the ban on Christianity later, and in 1624, Spanish ships were prohibited from visiting Japan.
- 有名人としては、中条家長(初代評定衆として御成敗式目の策定に関与)や愛甲季隆(弓の名手。畠山重忠を討ち取る)が居る。
- Ienaga CHUJO, who was involved in the establishment of code of conduct for samurai as the first member of the Council of State, and Suetaka AIKO, who was a very skillful archer and slew Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, were well known as members of the Party.
- オリオン座は、アルテミスがアポロンの策略によって、自らオリオンを弓矢で射抜いたため、死に至り天空に星座として象られた。
- The origin of Orion is as follows; Orion was shot to death by Artemis because of Apollo's plot and was imitated in the heaven.
- それゆえに直日・直堂も、修行者も、両者ともが警策を「与える」・「いただく」前後に合掌低頭し、お互いに感謝の意を表わす。
- Therefore, both of Jikijitsu or jikido and meditators make the gassho (place the palms of the hands together in the position of prayer) and bow their head to show their gratitude each other, before and after the keisaku (kyosaku) is to 'give' and 'receive'.
- 農林水産大臣は、前二項の政令の制定又は改廃に当たってその立案をするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries plans to establish, revise, or abolish Cabinet Orders set forth in the preceding two paragraphs, he/she shall first hear the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- しかし8世紀後葉、対新羅外交政策を転換したことに伴い、対外防衛・侵攻のための軍団兵士制も大幅に縮小されることとなった。
- However, the government changed its diplomatic policy against Silla in the latter half of the eighth century, and therefore, the scale of the gundan-soldier system for defense and invasion was reduced drastically.
- 朝廷はこれらの鎮圧のために軍事貴族層を国司として派遣するとともに、国衙に検非違使等を設置するなどの政策をとっていった。
- The Imperial Court sent nobles concerned with military affairs to suppress these activities as kokushi (provincial governors), and in addition, took the measure of placing kebiishi (a police and judicial chief) at kokuga as well.
- しかし、その後の江戸幕府は禁教政策に加え、西国大名が勢力を伸ばすことを警戒したので海外との貿易を制限するようになった。
- However, after that, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), being afraid that daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) in western Japan would expand their power, and imposed restrictions on foreign trade in addition to the ban of Christianity.
- 中国が唐の時代、「策問」と称して天子が時事または経義をもって出題し、士がこれに応じて奉る文章を「対策文」と称していた。
- In Tang Dynasty China, the Emperor gave current affairs or creed related tests called 'sakumon,' and warriors wrote answers to the Emperor's questions, which was called 'taisakumon.'
- それで、国家権力として、出家や得度に定数を決定するなどの施策によって、その制限・規制を行なう必要が出てきた(年分度者)。
- It then became necessary for the national authority to implement limitation and regulation by measures including quotas on people who were to become priests or to enter the priesthood (nenbundo-sha [approved people who enter the Buddhist priesthood]).
- 行政庁は、前二項のあつせん又は調停については、中小企業政策審議会又は都道府県中小企業調停審議会に諮問しなければならない。
- With regard to mediation or conciliation under the preceding two paragraphs, an administrative agency shall consult with the Small and Medium Enterprise Policy Making Council or the Prefectural Small and Medium Enterprise Conciliation Council.
- 政府は、毎年、国会に、森林及び林業の動向並びに政府が森林及び林業に関して講じた施策に関する報告を提出しなければならない。
- The Government shall annually submit to the Diet a report on the trend of forest and forestry and on the policies implemented concerning forest and forestry.
- また、応急保存対策調査会とは別に、考古学、美術史、保存科学などの専門家から構成される高松塚古墳総合学術調査会が設置された。
- Separately from the Emergency Conservation Research Committee, Takamatsuzuka Tumulus General Science Research Committee consisting of experts in archaeology, art history, and conservation science was set up.
- ところで、江戸時代に存在した陣屋と呼ばれる施設や、幕末に外国船への対策として日本各地に築かれた台場や砲台も城の一種である。
- The facilities called jinya (regional government office) in the Edo period and forts and gun batteries built in various parts of Japan as a countermeasure against foreign ships were also kinds of castles.
- 政府は、前項の講じようとする施策を明らかにした文書を作成するには、食料・農業・農村政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Government shall seek opinions from the Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies, in preparing a document explaining the policies the Government is going to implement as referred to in the preceding paragraph.
- なお、この原料である糒は軍事作戦には不可欠の食料であるため、奨励策は軍備維持における糒の在庫処分ではないかという説もある。
- Additionally, some say that, since hoshi-ii (dehydrated cooked rice), the key ingredient of Choseiden, was an indispensable food in military operation, the Kaga Clan's incentive measures may have been an excuse to maintain an adequate stock level of hoshi-ii for military preparedness.
- 政府は、エネルギーの需給に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上、財政上又は金融上の措置その他の措置を講じなければならない。
- The government shall make legislative, fiscal or financial arrangements or other arrangements that are necessary for implementing measures on energy supply and demand.
- 彼らは皇太子の身に危険が迫っていると察し、皇太子を東国へ移すことを画策し、その計画を阿保親王(平城天皇の皇子)に相談した。
- Judging that danger was approaching the crown prince, they schemed to transfer him to Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly the Kanto region), and then consulted with the Imperial Prince Abo (a prince of the Emperor Heizei) about the scheme.
- 対策が遅れている原因として、各国で黄砂の定義や分類(各国の黄砂参照)、黄砂に関する認識に相違点があることが指摘されている。
- It is pointed out that the recognition of kosa as well as the definition and classification of kosa (refer to the section of kosa in various countries) depends on the nation and the differences constitute one factor of delaying taking necessary measures.
- 大韓帝国は冊封体制から離脱したものの、満州を勢力下においたロシアが朝鮮半島に持つ利権を手がかりに南下政策を取りつつあった。
- Although the Korean Empire broke away from the tributary system, Russia which held Manchuria under its sphere of influence, took advantage of its interests in Korea to proceed with its southward expansion.
- 1986年(昭和61年)6月 財団法人関西文化学術研究都市推進機構設立(国土庁「関西文化学術研究都市建設基本方針」を策定)。
- June 1986: The Kansai Research Institute Foundation was established, and the National Land Agency created the 'Basic policy on the constructions of Kansai Science City.'
- 国は、農業経営における農業資材費の低減に資するため、農業資材の生産及び流通の合理化の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as encouraging rationalized production and distribution systems of agricultural materials, in order to contribute to the cost reduction of agricultural materials in farm management.
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、当該施策が環境に及ぼす影響について配慮して、これが行われなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, it shall be conducted in consideration of the effects of policies on the environment.
- 牛海綿状脳症対策特別措置法(平成十四年法律第七十号)第七条第一項又は第二項の厚生労働省令を制定し、又は改廃しようとするとき。
- When intending to enact, amend, or abolish the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Ordinance provided in Article 7, paragraph (1) or (2) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Act No. 70 of 2002).
- そのため、大政奉還により、天皇に政権が返上されると、新政府の神道重視の政策の結果、全国で廃仏毀釈が行われ、寺院数が減少した。
- For this reason, the restoration of imperial rule and the transfer of political power back to the Emperor saw the new government introduce policies promoting Shinto, which together with the nationwide anti-Buddhist haibutsu-kishaku movement, led to a decrease in the number of temples.
- 国の関係行政機関は、産業技術力の強化に関する施策の円滑な実施が促進されるよう、相互に連携を図りながら協力しなければならない。
- National relevant administrative organs shall cooperate while providing mutual coordination, in order to promote smooth implementation of policies concerning enhancing Industrial Technology Capability.
- 農林水産大臣は、前項の政令の制定又は改廃の立案をしようとするときは、食料・農業・農村政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries must, when intending to propose the enactment, amendment or abolition of the Cabinet Order in the preceding paragraph, first consult the opinion of the Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies.
- 政府は、水産に関する施策の総合的かつ計画的な推進を図るため、水産基本計画(以下「基本計画」という。)を定めなければならない。
- The Government shall establish a basic plan for fisheries (hereinafter referred to as 'basic plan') for a comprehensive and systematic promotion of the policies on fisheries.
- 浪人が徒党を組んで幕府転覆を図ったこの事件は、幕府の大名統制策が新たな不安定要因を生み出していたことをはっきりと示していた。
- The incident involved ronins who banded together in an attempt to overthrow the bakufu, and was a sign of the growing political unrest as a result of strict controls which the shogunate enforced on daimyos.
- そして、国司苛政上訴が功を奏し、太政官の政策に影響を与え、国内の税率を固定化する「公田官物率法」が1040年代に制定された。
- Kokushi kasei joso was effective in having an effect on Daijokan's policies, resulting in the enactment of 'Koden kanmotsu rippo' (fixing a limit of 3 to of rice per tan of land) in 1040 for fixing the tax rates in Japan.
- こうした施策によって国司苛政上訴は沈静化したものの、雑役免荘園や国免荘などの登場で荘園拡大は必ずしも十分に抑制されなかった。
- Although the cases of Kokushi kasei joso were decreased by the implementation of these policies, the expansion of shoen was not curbed enough due to the advent of zoyakumen (exception from all levies except the regular land tax) shoen or Kokumen sho (a shoen allowed exemption from so or other tribute in benpo or binho system) and so on.
- しかしこれは当時の国際情勢を鑑みれば鎖国の下でのみ通用する政策であり、そのことが日米和親条約後の金流出へと至る原因となった。
- While this was a policy that could only work in national isolation from the viewpoint of the international situation at that time, it caused gold to move overseas after the Treaty between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan.
- 長囲軍が減少した薩軍は、桐野が熊本隊の建策を入れて、3月26日、石塘堰止を実行し、坪井川・井芹川の水を城の周囲に引き込んだ。
- On March 26, in the Satsuma army with the reduced besieging army, KIRINO adopted an advice from the Kumamoto-tai troop and dammed up the Tsuboi-gawa River and Iseri-gawa River with stony embankments to flow the land surrounding the castle.
- しかし、1990年代以降の研究では、墾田は律令政府が企図していた農地拡大政策に沿ったものとする評価が次第に有力となっている。
- However, the research after the 1990's has gradually strengthened another theory that konden was in line with the policy of expanding agricultural land, a policy which was undertaken by the Ritsuryo Government (an ancient Japanese government of centralized governance).
- 国は、裁判の迅速化(前条に規定する裁判の迅速化をいう。以下同じ。)を推進するため必要な施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- The State has the duty to develop and implement measures required for promoting the expediting of trials (referring to 'the expediting of trials' as set forth in the preceding Article; the same shall apply hereinafter).
- 1995年(平成7年)12月 - 「第8次雇用対策基本計画」の策定(閣議決定)(勤労体験プラザ(仮称)設置方針が盛り込まれる)
- December 1995: '8th Basic Plan for Employment Measures' formulated (Cabinet decision); policy to build Work Experience Plaza (tentative) included
- 1999年(平成11年)8月 - 「第9次雇用対策基本計画」の策定(閣議決定)(勤労体験プラザ(仮称)の設置が再度明記される)
- August 1999: '8th Basic Plan for Employment Measures' (Cabinet decision) and policy to build Work Experience Plaza (tentative) clearly stated again
- 強大な中華帝国唐が盛んな時代には、貴族は中国文化を模範とした天平文化を築き、留学生が学んできた先進文化が政策上の規範になった。
- In the era when the strong Tang-Dynasty of the Chinese Empire was prosperous, nobles established the Tenpyo culture modeled on Chinese culture, and an advanced culture learned by scholars sent to China became the standard for policies.
- 原子力災害対策本部は、原子力緊急事態宣言に係る原子力緊急事態に関し、原子力緊急事態解除宣言があった時に、廃止されるものとする。
- Nuclear emergency response headquarters shall be abolished when a declaration of the cancellation of a nuclear emergency situation is issued with regard to a nuclear emergency situation pertaining to the relevant declaration of a nuclear emergency situation.
- 第一項の給与等の支給の基準及び服務に関する準則については、施行日以後遅滞なく、日本銀行の政策委員会の議決を経なければならない。
- Standards for paying remuneration and rules on service set forth in paragraph 1 shall be decided by the Bank of Japan's Policy Board after the day of enforcement without delay.
- 政府は、ものづくり基盤技術基本計画を策定したときは、遅滞なく、これを国会に報告するとともに、その概要を公表しなければならない。
- The government shall, when it has formulated the basic plan on core manufacturing technology, report the Diet to that effect and publicize its outline without delay.
- 政府は、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上又は財政上の措置その他の措置を講じなければならない。
- The government shall take the legislative, financial and other actions that are necessary for implementing measures on the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property.
- 国は、第一項に規定する総合的な施策を策定し、及びこれを実施するに際しては、技術経営力の強化の促進の重要性を踏まえるものとする。
- The national government shall give due consideration with the importance of promoting the enhancement of Technology Management Capability when formulating a comprehensive policy as prescribed in paragraph 1 and implementing it.
- 農林水産大臣は、第一項の政令の制定又は改廃の立案をしようとするときは、食料・農業・農村政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries must, when intending to propose the enactment, amendment or abolition of the Cabinet Orders in paragraph 1, first consult the opinion of the Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies.
- 国は、基本理念の実現に資することができるように、森林及び林業に関する団体の効率的な再編整備につき必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for efficient restructuring of the bodies relevant to forest and forestry, which contribute to the realization of the basic principles.
- 院政期において、土地領有や売買貸借を巡る訴訟の増加や治安の悪化への対策としての取締強化によって再び明法道が興隆するようになる。
- In the period of Insei (rule by a retired emperor), Myohodo flourished again in response to increasing cases about land possession and buying, selling, loan and growing security concerns.
- また、英俊(興福寺僧侶)による『多聞院日記』などでは、政策の主目的が一揆(盟約による政治共同体)の防止であったと記されている。
- It was recorded in some documents such as 'Tamonin Nikki' (Diary of Tamonin) written by Eishun (a monk in the Kofuku-ji Temple) and the like that the primary objective of the katanagari policy was preventing ikki (political community based on a league).
- 約束期間に突入しても対策は全く進んでおらず、2007年の排出量は前年比で2.4%の増加となっていて、減少に転じる気配すらない。
- While having gone into the commitment period, effective measures have not been taken at all and the emissions amount in 2007 is larger by 2.4% than that of the previous year and does not seem to decrease at all.
- 9世紀末期~10世紀初頭(寛平の治・延喜の治期)には再び律令制の原則へ回帰する政策が採られたものの、結局それは失敗に終わった。
- Although the policies to return back to the principles of the Ritsuryo system were implemented again from the late ninth century to the early tenth century (during the peaceful era of Kanpyo and the peaceful era of Engi), such policies eventually ended in failure.
- 例えば天智天皇のときには近江令と呼ばれる法令群が策定され、天武天皇のときは最初の律令法とされる飛鳥浄御原令の制定が命じられた。
- For example, during the reign of Emperor Tenchi, a group of ordinances called the Omi Administrative Codes were created, and during the time of Emperor Tenmu, the legal codes of the ancient Japanese state, considered to be the first Ritsutyo Codes, were formulated.
- このような状況を憂慮した徳川幕府は1666年以降、森林保護政策に乗りだし、森林資源の回復促進と厳格な伐採規制・流通規制をしいた。
- Worried about the situation, the Tokugawa shogunate decided to adopt a forest protection policy in 1666, and launched an initiative to recover and promote forest resources, setting up strict regulations towards logging and distribution.
- 建設省近畿地方建設局(現・国土交通省近畿地方整備局)はこの計画に沿い、台風13号水害での洪水流量を基準値として治水対策を講じた。
- In accordance with this plan, the Construction Ministry Kinki Regional Construction Bureau (the current Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Kinki Regional Development Bureau) implemented measures of flood control based on the amount of flood water caused by Typhoon 13.
- 食品の安全性の確保のため講ずべき施策に関する重要事項を調査審議し、必要があると認めるときは、関係行政機関の長に意見を述べること。
- to examine and deliberate on important matters regarding policies to be implemented for ensuring Food safety, and to give opinions to the heads of relevant administrative organs if necessary.
- これは楽家の収入が石高制であり、幕府や諸藩と同様に飢饉や物価上昇のあおりを受けて困窮したことに対する打開策と考えることができる。
- It can be considered that this was a measure against the poverty of gakuke caused by the influences of famines and price increases similarly to bakufu and the clans because of the income of gakuke being based on the koku system.
- 第2回京都学生祭典~冬の陣~にて、食中毒事件が発生した教訓から、食物を扱う同企画では食中毒対策に特に力が入れられるようになった。
- Following a case of food poisoning during the socond Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa - Winter Battle -, there has been more focus on preventing food poisoning during the 'ennichi'.
- 太平洋戦争にともなう政府の宗教政策により、1941年(昭和16年)に古義・新義両派の真言宗各宗派が合同し、大真言宗に統合された。
- Along with Government policies on religions during the Pacific War, each of the new and old schools of the Shingon sect were unified into the Daishingon sect (literally, a larger Shingon sect) in 1941.
- 第六十三条第一項(原子力災害対策特別措置法第二十八条第二項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。以下この号において同じ。)
- Article 63, paragraph 1 (including the cases where it is applied by replacing the term and phrase pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 2 of theAct on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness; hereinafter the same shall apply in this item)
- 基本計画のうち森林に関する施策に係る部分については、環境の保全に関する国の基本的な計画との調和が保たれたものでなければならない。
- Policies of the basic plan pertaining to forest shall be developed in harmony with the national plan relevant to the conservation of environment.
- 衛府舎人は大粮米徴収権の既得権を有していたが、朝廷は延喜年間(900年代)に相次いで衛府舎人の既得権を剥奪する政策を打ち出した。
- Efutoneri had the right to collect tairomai (rice as food), but in the Engi era (in the 900s), the Imperial Court announced the key policies of depriving the Efutoneri of their vested rights one after another.
- 元弘3年/正慶2年(1333年)鎌倉幕府を打倒して成立した建武政権であったが、現実から乖離した政策の数々に武士は不満を募らせた。
- The Kenmu government was established after toppling the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in 1333, but samurai aggravated a grievance against many of its unrealistic policies.
- 江戸時代後期には、諸外国との通商条約の締結などを巡って、朝廷の伝統的権威が復興し、幕府と朝廷の提携による公武合体政策が取られた。
- The traditional authority of the Imperial Court was restored as a result of various events including the signing of commercial treaties with foreign countries, and the policy of kobu-gattai (reconciliation between the Imperial Court and the Shogunate) was adopted through cooperation between the Shogunate and Court.
- 現代 (時代区分)の歴史学においては、「鎖国」ではなく、東アジア史を視野に入れてこの「海禁政策」という用語を使う傾向がみられる。
- Modern historical science tends to use the term 'Kaikin Policy' instead of 'Sakoku' in light of East Asian history.
- 欧米文化を至上とした欧化政策が進められために、「白人の価値観で見て汚らしい」とされたものは時代遅れとして捨てられることがあった。
- As the Europeanization policy regarding the culture of Western countries as supreme was promoted, culture evaluated as 'detestable in light of the Caucasian's sense of values' was sometimes abandoned as old-fashioned culture.
- 国は、基本理念の実現に資することができるよう、食料、農業及び農村に関する団体の効率的な再編整備につき必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for efficient restructuring of the bodies relevant to food, agriculture and rural areas, which contribute to the realization of the basic principles.
- 知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策を集中的かつ計画的に推進するため、内閣に、知的財産戦略本部(以下「本部」という。)を置く。
- In order to promote measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property in a focused and systematic manner, the Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters (hereinafter referred to as 'Headquarters') shall be established in the Cabinet.
- しかし、スペイン・ポルトガルの領土的野心(サン=フェリペ号事件ほか)が知られたため、宣教師は追放され、次いで禁教の施策が取られた。
- However, since territorial ambitions of Spain and Portugal (the San Felipe go incident, etc.) were known, missionaries were exiled, and a measure to ban Christianity was taken.
- 政府は、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する施策を実施するため必要な法制上、財政上又は金融上の措置その他の措置を講じなければならない。
- The government shall take any legislative, fiscal or financial measures or any other measures that are necessary to implement measures on the promotion of core manufacturing technology.
- 国は、ものづくり労働者の確保及び資質の向上を促進するため、ものづくり労働者について、次の事項に関し、必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to promote the securing of workers and the improvement of their abilities, the State shall take the necessary measures on the following matters with regard to manufacturing workers:
- 2006年5月、林野庁はそうした花粉源に関する地図を作成し、影響の大きいところから優先的に植え替えなどの対策を推進することを表明。
- In May 2006, The Forestry Agency declared that it would produce a map of pollen sources and implement measures such as transplantation with priority to those areas that are most greatly affected.
- 一方、久保田藩は財政再建のための方策として鉱山開発に着目しており、安永2年(1773年)7月、源内を鉱山技術者として藩に招聘した。
- In the meantime, the Kubota clan, who were focused on mine development as a measure to reconstruct their finances, invited Gennai to be a mine engineer in August of 1773.
- 1977年(昭和52年)の「竹本処分」強行を経て、沢田敏男総長時代には吉田寮など学生寮の閉鎖に向け「学生寮の正常化」政策を進めた。
- After forcing through 'Takemoto shobun' (dismissal of associate professor Takemoto) in 1977, the president Toshio SAWADA implemented the policy of 'normalization of student dormitories' with the aim of abolishing student dormitories including Yoshida dormitory.
- これに対して保則は出羽国の現状を報告して、寛大な政策をおこなって苛政によって逃亡した夷俘の還住を促すことこそ上策であると意見した。
- In response he reported on the status of Dewa Province and stated the opinion that it would be better to adopt a sympathetic policy to urge the Ifu, who had fled from their homes due to misrule, to return to their homes.
- ロシア帝国は、不凍港を求めて南下政策を採用し、露土戦争 (1877年)などの勝利によってバルカン半島における大きな地歩を獲得した。
- In its pursuit of warm-water ports, the Russian Empire preceded with its southward expansion and acquried a significant foothold in the Balkan peninsula through its victory against the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish Wars (1877).
- そこで、薩軍は南下してくる官軍、また上陸してくると予想される官軍、熊本鎮台に対処するために、熊本城強襲策を変更して長囲策に転じた。
- Then, as countermeasures against the government army that was approaching from north, the government army that was going to disembark, and Kumamoto Garrison, the Satsuma army changed its plan of storming Kumamoto Castle to the drawn-out siege plan.
- 朝、食事後あわただしく出発というかつての旅行パターンならこれでもよいが、ゆっくりと温泉街を散策したいという志向には応えられていない。
- For those guests who leave early straight after breakfast, as was common previously, the unsightly buildings may not be a problem, but it is not satisfactory for those guests who wish to slowly wander around the resort town.
- 2007年(平成19年)12月24日 - 「独立行政法人整理合理化計画」の策定(閣議決定)(「私のしごと館」組織体制の抜本的見直し)
- December 24, 2007: 'Plans for Streamlining Independent Administrative Institutions' formulated (Cabinet decision); organization of Vocational Museum to be overhauled
- 政府は、毎年、国会に、食料、農業及び農村の動向並びに政府が食料、農業及び農村に関して講じた施策に関する報告を提出しなければならない。
- The Government shall annually submit to the Diet a report on the trend of food, agriculture and rural areas and on the policies implemented concerning food, agriculture and rural areas.
- 薩摩出身者が力を持っていた明治時代には富国強兵政策とも相まって各地に広まり、吉村岳城、辻靖剛、西幸吉、吉水錦翁などの名手が輩出した。
- They spread across the country combined with the policy of increasing wealth and military power in the Meiji period when people from Satsuma possessed power, and many super players appeared one after another such as Gakujo YOSHIMURA, Seigo TSUJI, Kokichi NISHI, and Kino YOSHIMIZU.
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法第十五条第三項の規定に基づく内閣総理大臣の指示又は同法第二十条第三項の規定に基づく原子力災害対策本部長の指示
- an instruction given by the Prime Minister pursuant to Article 15, paragraph 3 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness or an instruction given by the director-general of the nuclear emergency response headquarters pursuant to Article 20, paragraph 3 of said Act
- 第四号に掲げる数量(第五号に掲げる数量を定めた場合にあっては、その数量。以下「大臣管理量」という。)に関し実施すべき施策に関する事項
- Matters concerning measures to be implemented for the quantities under item (iv) (or the quantities listed in item (v) in the case where such categories are designated; hereinafter referred to as 'quantity control by the Minister');
- 政府は、毎年、前項の報告に係る水産の動向を考慮して講じようとする施策を明らかにした文書を作成し、これを国会に提出しなければならない。
- The Government shall annually prepare and submit to the Diet a document explaining the policies the Government is going to implement in view of the report pertaining to the trend of fisheries of the preceding paragraph.
- この間、時宗は非常事態への迅速な対処を名目として、時間のかかる合議ではなく、一門や側近(御内人という)らと専断で政策決定していった。
- During this time, in the name of a rapid response to the emergency, Tokimune made policies at his own discretion with only clansmen and close aides (Miuchibito (private vassals of the tokuso)), bypassing the parliamentary system which took a lot of time.
- 所領安堵や武家官位のみならず、公家の官職任免などの人事や家門安堵、寺社に対する政策、勅撰和歌集の撰進など朝廷のあらゆる分野に及んだ。
- Bukeshisso came to cover not only shoryo ando (the act of providing authorization for land ownership and guaranteeing feudal tenure) and bukekani (official court titles for samurai) but also almost all areas such as Court nobles' appointment and dismissal in the Imperial Court, kamon ando (providing authorization for family lineage), policies to temples and shrines and senshin (the dedicating of entitled documents and poetries) of Chokusen wakashu (anthology of Japanese poetry compiled by Imperial command).
- 軍議では池上が主張する「熊本に抑えを置き、主力東上」策と篠原らが主張する「全軍による熊本城強襲」策が対立したが、強襲策が採用された。
- The council was divided between the plan urged by IKEGAMI to 'deploy part of the army in Kumamoto to defend the region and to make the main force head east' and the plan urged by those including SHINOHARA to 'storm Kumamoto Castle by the whole army', and finally, the latter plan was adopted.
- ところが、本願寺の法主が証如の代に入ると証如とその後見である蓮淳(蓮如の六男で証如の外祖父)は法主による一門統制を強める政策を採った。
- However, after Shonyo became the head of Hongan-ji Temple, Shonyo and his guardian Renjun (the sixth son of Rennyo and maternal grandfather of Shonyo) adopted a policy of strengthening Ichimon (group of priests of the same sect) regulation by the head.
- 明治政府の宗教政策である大教院、三条教則に対して島地黙雷などが批判の論陣を張り、教団も脱退することで政府の宗教政策の方向転換を促した。
- Mokurai SHIMAJI and others criticized Daikyoin and Sanjo kyosoku (Three Fundamental Articles on Creed), which were the religious policy of the Meiji government, and the religious community dropped out of it, which promoted the change in direction of the religious policy of the government.
- このような彼の言動に対して明治政府は「神道国教化」政策の推進の障害になることを危惧して1876年に「須弥山」説の禁止を命じたのである。
- The Meiji government feared his words and actions would hinder the political movement to establish Shinto as a state religion and prohibited the Mt. Sumeru theory in 1876.
- 農林水産大臣は、飼養衛生管理基準を設定し、改正し、又は廃止しようとするときは、食料・農業・農村政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries must, when intending to establish, amend or abolish Standards of Rearing Hygiene Management, first consult the opinion of the Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies.
- そのため、彼らは婚姻を通して複雑なネットワークを形成し、国司の施策が自らの意向にそぐわなければ、国司へ反抗することもしばしば見られた。
- Thus, they formed complicated networks through marriage and if the measures and policies by kokushi were inappropriate for their interests, they often resisted kokushi.
- そして、義家の死後に家督を継承し栄名を誇った、義家の四男源義忠が叔父・源義光の策謀で暗殺されたことによって河内源氏の武名は損なわれた。
- The military renown of Kawachi-Genji was deteriorated by the assassination of MINAMOTO no Yoshitada, the fourth son of Yoshiie, who took over as the head of the family and enjoyed his fame after the death of Yoshiie, under/in the plot by his uncle MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu.
- この為水源地域対策特別措置法9条指定ダムとして補償額の国庫補助率を嵩上げした他、総合的な地域振興策を実施する事で漸く妥結した経緯がある。
- The negotiation finally reached settlement based on the following conditions: (1) the designation of this dam for Chapter Nine of the Act on Special Measures concerning Measures Related to Water Resources Areas, (2) raising the share of national subsidy for compensation, and (3) the implementation of comprehensive measures for regional economic development.
- 江戸時代には加賀藩が大々的に製菓事業に対して奨励策を取った事から、金沢市では落雁の技術が進化しており、長生殿はこうした成果の一つである。
- In the Edo period, the Kaga Clan implemented extensive incentive measures for the confectionery business in its domain whereby, as a result, manufacturing techniques for rakugan has much progressed in Kanazawa City, and Choseiden (celebrated rakugan presently made in Kanazawa City) is one of the achievements of the time.
- 高齢化社会や格差社会、雇用問題などを含め露天商が一つの解決策であるにも拘らず、社会的にこれを見直すといった風潮はまだ無いと言えるだろう。
- Although rotensho could be one solution for aging societies, societies where the gap between rich and poor is widening, and those with employment issues, there is no trend yet towards rethinking this as a society.
- この他、雪斎は臨済宗を中心とした領内における寺社・宗教の統制や、在来商人を保護する商業政策なども行ない、今川氏の最盛期に大きく貢献した。
- In addition to these, Sessai contributed greatly to the height of prosperity of the Imagawa clan by controlling temples and religions, mainly those of the Rinzai sect, and implementing commercial policy to protect local merchants in the Imagawa territory.
- 前項の給与等の支給の基準及び服務に関する準則の作成については、旧法第十三条ノ二に規定する日本銀行の政策委員会の議決を経なければならない。
- The establishment of standards for paying remuneration and rules on service set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be decided by the Bank of Japan's Policy Board as prescribed in Article 13-2 of the Former Act.
- 政府は、森林及び林業に関する施策の総合的かつ計画的な推進を図るため森林・林業基本計画(以下「基本計画」という。)を定めなければならない。
- The Government shall establish a basic plan for forest and forestry (hereinafter referred to as the 'basic plan') for the promotion of a comprehensive and systematic implementation of the policies on forest and forestry.
- しかし、義満・頼之による守護抑制政策は、次第に反頼之派を増やすこととなり、頼之の専断は義詮政権における斯波高経の権勢の再来のようになる。
- However, the policy of controlling shugo's authority implemented by Yoshimitsu and Yoriyuki gradually led to the increase of anti-Yoriyuki groups and the arbitrary behavior of Yoriyuki became similar to that of Takatsune SHIBA during the age of shogun Yoshiakira.
- 楠木軍は城壁に取り付いた幕府軍に対して大木を落としたり、熱湯を浴びせかけたり、予め設けておいた二重塀を落としたりといった奇策を駆使した。
- The army of the bakufu scaled the wall of Shimo Akasaka-jo Castle while the army of Kusunoki employed unprecedented tactics against the bakufu army, such as throwing enormous trees down onto them, pouring boiling water over them, and collapsing the outer layer of the two-layered wall to which they were clinging.
- 別の推定によれば、黄砂による医療・福祉分野の被害額や黄砂への対策費用は、年間3,640億ウォン(Kang, 2004年)だとされている。
- According to another estimate, the total of the amount of damage due to kosa in the medical and welfare areas and of the cost needed for the measures taken against kosa is 364 billion won yearly (according to Kang, 2004).
- 鎮護国家(ちんごこっか)は、政府が仏教を利用して内政の安定を図ろうとした政策、または、仏教には国家を守護・安定させる力があるとする思想。
- Chingokokka refers to a government policy to stabilize internal affairs using Buddhism or a thought that Buddhism has power to protect and stabilize a country.
- すなわち、神道の国教化を宗教政策の根幹とした明治政府は、仏教各派に対しては、行政制度上の統合整理強制によって分割支配をはかる方針を採った。
- Thus, the Meiji government, which basically tried to nationalize Shintoism as part of religious policy, tried to govern each Buddhist school individually due to tight control and political regulation.
- 国は、中小事業者の経営基盤の強化を図るため、新たな設備の設置その他資本装備の高度化、生産管理の合理化等に関し必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to ensure the strengthening of the business foundation of small and medium sized business operators, the State shall take any necessary measures for upgrading of capital equipment, installation of new facilities, and the streamlining of production management.
- 農林水産大臣は、第三項第一号の農林水産省令並びに第四項及び第五項の基準を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- When the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister establishes the Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of item (i), paragraph (3) and the standards of paragraph (4) and paragraph (5), he/she shall hear the opinions of the Fisheries Policy Council.
- 国は、前条の基本理念(以下「基本理念」という。)にのっとり、産業技術力の強化に関する総合的な施策を策定し、及びこれを実施する責務を有する。
- In accordance with the Basic Principle of the preceding Article (hereinafter referred to as 'Basic Principle'), the national government shall have the responsibility to formulate a comprehensive policy concerning enhancing Industrial Technology Capability and implement it.
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な林業経営を担うべき人材の育成及び確保を図るため、教育、研究及び普及の事業の充実その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as enriching education, research and dissemination projects, in order to develop and secure human resources who play a major role in efficient and stable forestry management.
- こうした「今年は多い/少ない」の予測、たとえば「少ない」との予測が出されると、患者の多くは安心してしまい、対策がおろそかになることがある。
- A forecast of 'low' according to a system that states 'values for this year will be high/low' would serve to make many patients feel at ease and less likely to take preventative steps.
- 逆に道真も文章博士就任後、元慶5年(881年)に東曹の三善清行、同7年(883年)には同じく東曹の紀長谷雄の対策に際して出題を行っている。
- Similarly, when Michizane assumed the post of the Monjo hakase, he set the question for the taisaku examination for Kiyoyuki (also referred to as Kiyotsura) MIYOSHI of the toso in 881, and KI no Haseo of the toso in 883.
- その8都県市でのアンケートでは、市民が花粉症対策として行政にもっとも進めてほしいと考えているのはスギの伐採や枝打ちで、56.4%であった。
- In a survey conducted in the above four prefectures and four cities, 56.4% of citizens responded that the pollinosis countermeasure that they most wanted the administration to implement was the felling and pruning of Japanese cedar trees.
- しかし、人為的な処置によって黄砂の量を減らすことはできるのではないかと考えられており、発生地の砂漠化の防止を中心とした対策が行われている。
- However, it is considered that the amount of kosa can be reduced by taking appropriate measures, and various measures have been taken centered on the prevention of desertification of the areas where kosa occurs.
- さきの討幕の密勅は、慶喜の大政奉還を想定した上で、主導権を持たない岩倉具視ら倒幕派の中下級公家と薩長側の非常手段として画策したものである。
- The said secret Imperial command of attacking the shogunate was planned as emergency measures by middle- and lower-graded court nobles without initiative including Tomomi IWAKURA, and Saccho (Satsuma and Choshu), under the supposition that Yoshinobu would carry out Taisei Hokan.
- 仏教色の濃い陰陽道の影響下にあった三河萬歳は、神道に変化して国家神道の政策の中で残っていき、大正時代の中頃まで萬歳の参内はあったようである。
- Mikawa-manzai, which was under the influence of the very Buddhism-oriented Onmyodo (way of Yin and Yang; occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements), changed into Shinto religion, survived through the policies of state-sanctioned Shinto religion and seems to have been performed in the court until the middle of the Taisho period.
- なお新鮮なニワトリの肉でもカンピロバクターに感染しているものが多く、またO-157などの病原性大腸菌対策としても充分な加熱処理が必要である。
- Since even fresh chicken meat is often infected with campylobacter, and as a measure against Escherichia coli bacteria such as o157, chicken meat must undergo sufficient heat treatment in cooking.
- 政府は、毎年、前項の報告に係る森林及び林業の動向を考慮して講じようとする施策を明らかにした文書を作成し、これを国会に提出しなければならない。
- The Government shall annually prepare and submit to the Diet a document explaining the policies the Government is going to implement in consideration of the trend of forest and forestry set forth in the preceding paragraph.
- 農林水産大臣は、特定家畜伝染病防疫指針を作成し、変更し、又は廃止しようとするときは、食料・農業・農村政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries must, when intending to prepare, amend or abolish Specific Domestic Animal Infectious Disease Quarantine Guidelines, first consult the opinion of the Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies.
- 政府は、水産をめぐる情勢の変化を勘案し、並びに水産に関する施策の効果に関する評価を踏まえ、おおむね五年ごとに、基本計画を変更するものとする。
- The Government shall revise the basic plan approximately every five years, taking into consideration of the changes in circumstances surround fisheries, and the result of evaluation of effectiveness of the measures on fisheries.
- 群盗海賊の頻発に対し、朝廷と国司は、ほとんど形骸化した軍団兵士制では満足のいく対応ができなかったため、別の鎮圧方策をとる必要に迫られていた。
- Bobbers and pirates appeared frequently, but the imperial court and kokushi could not cope with the situation using the gundan-soldier system that had become a dead letter and were forced to take a new measure to combat them.
- こうした就学政策に加えて、唐風文化への関心の増大などがあり、平安時代前期に相当する9世紀から10世紀初頭にかけてが大学寮の全盛期にあたった。
- In addition to these school attendance policies, because of a rise in interest in a Tang Dynasty-style culture, Daigaku-ryo saw its heyday between the 9th century and the early 10th century, which corresponds to the first half of the Heian period.
- そのため、欧化政策など日本が西洋と対等たらんとする様々な政策が行われたが、条約改正自体は半世紀におよぶ不断の努力を必要とした(→条約改正)。
- Because of this, although the government proceeded with various policies such as the Westernization policy in order to be equal to western countries, it took a half century to revise the unequal treaty.
- こうして、日本の出征大名達は朝鮮を退去して日本へ帰国し、豊臣秀吉の画策した明遠征、朝鮮征服計画は成功に至らぬまま、秀吉の死によって終結した。
- Thus, the daimyo that went to war from Japan withdrew and returned to Japan and the expedition to Ming and the conquest of Korea intended by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI was not achieved and was ended by Hideyoshi's death.
- 1993年(平成5年)4月 - 新総合経済対策決定(経済対策閣僚会議決定)(公共投資、社会資本整備として、勤労体験プラザ(仮称)構想が具体化)
- April 1993: new package of economic stimulus measures decided by the Cabinet; tentative plan for establishing a 'Work Experience Plaza' presented as public investment and social capital improvement
- 壁画発見からほどなく高松塚古墳応急保存対策調査会が設置され、発見から1か月も経たない1972年4月6日と4月17日に初の学術調査が実施された。
- Soon after the discovery of the mural paintings, Takamatsuzuka Tumulus Emergency Conservation Research Committee was set up and the first academic investigation was conducted on April 6 and 17, not later than a month after the discovery.
- 国は、農村における土地の農業上の利用と他の利用との調整に留意して、農業の振興その他農村の総合的な振興に関する施策を計画的に推進するものとする。
- The State shall systematically promote measures for the comprehensive development of rural areas including agricultural development, with proper consideration to the coordination of land use for agriculture and other purposes.
- 第一項に定めるもののほか、関係各大臣は、食品の安全性の確保に関する施策を策定するため必要があると認めるときは、委員会の意見を聴くことができる。
- In addition to cases provided in paragraph (1), relevant ministers may hear the Commission's opinions if they are recognized as necessary for formulating policies to ensure Food safety.
- 基本計画のうち農村に関する施策に係る部分については、国土の総合的な利用、整備及び保全に関する国の計画との調和が保たれたものでなければならない。
- Policies of the basic plan which are relevant to rural areas shall be developed in harmony with the national plan of comprehensive use, development and conservation of national land.
- また、政府も地球温暖化対策キャンペーンの一環として打ち水を奨励しているほか、全国各地のNPOや市町村などもこぞって打ち水を計画・実行している。
- The Japanese Government also recommends Uchimizu as a part of its campaign against global warming and municipal governments as well as NPOs around the nation are also planning or implementing Uchimizu.
- その後女帝死去するまでの間に、蘇我氏、聖徳太子らを中心として、冠位十二階の制定、十七条憲法の制定、遣隋使派遣などの重要施策がこの宮で行われた。
- Important measures, such as establishing Kan I junikai (twelve grades of cap rank) or the Seventeen Article Constitution, as well as sending a Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China, were implemented here by the Soga clan and Prince Shotoku until the death of the empress.
- 海運業で財を成した中村準策・準一・準佑が三代にわたって収集した一万点以上の美術品のうち、神戸市の大空襲を運良く免れた2千数百点を収蔵している。
- It keeps two thousand several hundred artworks which fortunately escaped the major air raid on Kobe City out of over the 10,000 artworks collected by the three generations of Junsaku NAKAMURA, Junichi NAKAMURA and Junsuke NAKAMURA who made a fortune in the shipping business.
- ただ、参加者が中学生・高校生中心の場合は、一般修行者の坐禅の場合と同じように、希望策ではなく、直日・直堂の判断に基づく警策を与えることもある。
- However, if participants are primarily junior high school and high school students, instead of kibo-saku, sometimes the kyosaku (keisaku) is given based on the judgement of jikijitsu or jikido, as with during zazen for adult meditators.
- 地方公共団体は、国の施策と相まって、当該地域の実情に応じ、使用済自動車の再資源化等を促進するよう必要な措置を講ずることに努めなければならない。
- Local governments shall endeavor to take the measures required to promote Recycling, etc. of End-of-Life Vehicles pursuant to local circumstances conjointly with national policies.
- 基本計画のうち漁村に関する施策に係る部分については、国土の総合的な利用、整備及び保全に関する国の計画との調和が保たれたものでなければならない。
- Measures relevant to fishing villages referred in the basic plan shall be developed in harmony with the national plan of comprehensive utilization, development and conservation of the national land.
- 国は、前項に規定する施策が漁業経営に著しい影響を及ぼす場合において必要があると認めるときは、これを緩和するために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall, in case when the measures provided in the preceding paragraph give serious adverse effects to fishery management, take necessary measures for mitigating them when it finds necessary.
- よって、花粉を多く発生させるところや人口密集地への影響の大きなところから林業面での対策を行うなど、効率的な取り組みができる可能性を秘めている。
- These have made it possible to implement forestry countermeasures and effective initiatives in locations that produce large quantities of pollen and in which there is a great effect on densely-populated areas.
- 前号の規定により行った食品健康影響評価の結果に基づき、食品の安全性の確保のため講ずべき施策について内閣総理大臣を通じて関係各大臣に勧告すること。
- to make recommendations to relevant ministers through the Prime Minister about policies to be implemented for ensuring Food safety on the basis of the results of the Assessment of the Effect of Food on Health which was conducted in accordance with the provisions of the preceding item.
- また、米国のエネルギー安全保障政策でバイオ燃料作物への転作が進み急激な高騰や、包装等の資材の原油価格高騰による原材料費高騰も経営を圧迫している。
- Additionally, a squeeze on management is caused by steep price escalation due to the accelerated shift toward the use of crops for bio-fuel under the U.S. Energy Security Policy, and by raising the price of raw materials due to the escalating price of oil as an ingredient in packaging materials, etc.
- この期間中に剣道を何とか復活させようと愛好者たちが策を練った末に、剣道の要素を取り込んだ撓競技(しないきょうぎ)が生まれ、次第に普及していった。
- During this period, Kendo devotees worked hard to restore Kendo and came up with ideas on the Shinai sport, which incorporated the elements of Kendo, so that it gradually became widespread.
- 曹洞宗においては坐禅の姿勢が前かがみになっていないか、臨済宗においては法界定印の親指同士が離れていないかが、警策を与える一つの基準となっている。
- As a criterion to give the keisaku, in the Soto sect, it is checked whether the posture of zazen leans forward, and in the Rinzai sect, whether the thumb tips of hokkai-join (the 'cosmic mudra,' the body and hand position generally assumed during periods of Zen meditation) are not apart.
- 防災計画若しくは原子力事業者防災業務計画(原子力災害対策特別措置法第七条第一項の規定による原子力事業者防災業務計画をいう。第三項において同じ。)
- a disaster prevention plan or a nuclear operator emergency action plan (which means the nuclear operator emergency action plan under the provisions of Article 7, paragraph 1 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness; the same shall apply in paragraph 3)
- 原子力災害対策特別措置法(平成十一年法律第百五十六号)第七条第四項、第八条第五項、第九条第七項又は第十一条第六項の規定による命令に違反したとき。
- when he/she has violated the provision of Article 7 (4), Article 8 (5), Article 9 (7) or Article 11 (6) of the Act on Special Law of Nuclear Emergency Preparedness (Act No. 156 of 1999).
- 国及び地方公共団体は、水産に関する施策を講ずるに当たっては、水産業者及び水産業に関する団体がする自主的な努力を支援することを旨とするものとする。
- The State and local governments shall, in taking measures for fisheries, aim at supporting voluntary efforts of fishery household and fisheries organizations.
- 朝鮮では日本が犯した誤りを恨みながらも建国以来の交隣政策の原則に照らし、制限された範囲内での交渉を許した(1609年(光海君2年)、己酉約条)。
- Korea, while resenting Japanese crimes, permitted the negotiations, referring to its basic policy of being friendly to neighbors, within certain limitations (according to Kiyu yakujo (Treaty in 1609)).
- 11世紀中期に見られた体制変化・社会変化は、当時徐々に一円化を進め、著しい増加を見せていた荘園に対抗するための国衙側(公領側)の対応策であった。
- The changes in the governing structure and society that occurred in the mid-11th century were countermeasures taken by kokuga side (public land side) in order to counter shoen (manor in medieval Japan), which were rapidly increasing at the time and proceeding with ichienka (realization of complete ownership).
- 鎌倉中期から徐々に発展してきた貨幣経済や商業・流通経済を政策に取り込んだ体制の維持の成功は、豊臣秀吉や蒲生氏郷など多くの模倣者や追随者を生んだ。
- He succeeded in maintaining this system by adopting a monetary economy and commodity markets which gradually developed after the mid-Kamakura period; this success also gave rise to many imitators and followers such as Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Ujisato GAMO.
- 国は、農産物の輸出を促進するため、農産物の競争力を強化するとともに、市場調査の充実、情報の提供、普及宣伝の強化その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as strengthening the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products, promoting market research, providing information and encouraging dissemination activities, in order to promote exports.
- 国は、消費者の需要に即した農業生産を推進するため、農産物の価格が需給事情及び品質評価を適切に反映して形成されるよう、必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for allowing the prices of agricultural products be set appropriately reflecting supply and demand situation and quality evaluation, in order to promote agricultural production that meets the consumers demand.
- 政府は、毎年、前項の報告に係る食料、農業及び農村の動向を考慮して講じようとする施策を明らかにした文書を作成し、これを国会に提出しなければならない。
- The Government shall annually prepare and submit to the Diet a document explaining policies the Government is going to implement in consideration of the trend of food, agriculture and rural areas described in the report of the preceding paragraph.
- その具体的政策はときどきに応じて異なるが、江戸時代を通じて酒造制限令が61回、酒造奨励令が6回発せられ、全体的には規制をかけることが基調であった。
- Although concrete measures were different as the occasion demanded, the sake brewing restriction decrees were enforced 61 times and the sake brewing promotion decrees 6 times throughout the Edo period, which indicates basic direction was, as a whole, to impose restrictions.
- 当時の大蔵省は奄美諸島の振興策の一環として、米こうじ使用を条件に、熊本国税局大島税務署の管轄区域(奄美諸島)に限って黒糖原料の焼酎製造を特認した。
- The Finance Ministry at that time specially admitted the production of shochu made from brown sugar in the jurisdiction of the Oshima tax office of Kumamoto Regional Taxation Bureau on condition of using malted rice as part of its measures to promote the Amami island chain.
- 国及び地方公共団体は、水産に関する施策を講ずるにつき、相協力するとともに、行政組織の整備並びに行政運営の効率化及び透明性の向上に努めるものとする。
- The State and local governments shall endeavor to cooperate in taking measures for fisheries, and to improve administrative organizations, efficiency and transparency of administrative management.
- 国は、水産物の輸出を促進するため、水産物の競争力を強化するとともに、市場調査の充実、情報の提供、普及宣伝の強化その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures such as strengthening the competitiveness of the domestic marine products, promoting market research, providing information, encouraging dissemination activities and other necessary measures to promote exports.
- 秀吉は1585年には先行して根来衆や雑賀衆から武器没収を行っており、また織田氏家臣の柴田勝家も越前国の一向一揆の鎮圧のために刀狩政策を行っている。
- In 1585, prior to katanagari edict, Hideyoshi confiscated weapons from negoroshu (armed monks with muskets at more than 500 temples in Negoro district collectively called Negoro Temple) and saigashu (or saikashu: musket troop of powerful families in Kishu who supported Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple), and Katsuie SHIBATA, a retainer to Nobunaga ODA, also executed a katanagari policy for putting down ikko ikki in the Echizen Province.
- 外国との条約締結を巡り幕府では朝廷に勅許を求めるべきであるとする意見が出され、鎖国政策を維持するか、開国するかにあたり朝廷の判断を仰ぐ事となった。
- Some in the Shogunate had the view that they should acquire Imperial permission from the Imperial Court in order to sign a treaty with a foreign country, and a decision was made to seek the judgment of the Imperial Court on whether to maintain the sakoku policy (seclusion) or an open-door policy.
- 1872年になると、新しい農業・私法政策に取り組む政府は、旧来から存在していた水呑の呼称の禁止及び身分から解放等を規定した法令を大蔵省から発した。
- In 1872, the government was working for new policies of agriculture and private law and the Finance Ministry announced the law including the prohibition of the name, Mizunomi that had existed conventionally and the emancipation of Mizunomi from the position.
- こうして諸策百出して紛糾したが、最後に桐野が「断の一字あるのみ、...旗鼓堂々総出兵の外に採るべき途なし」と断案し、全軍出兵論が満座の賛成を得た。
- As such, various plans were presented and the discussion degenerated into confusion; at last, KIRINO concluded that 'we should take decisive action, …, the only way for us is to dispatch the whole troops with colors flying' and the whole assembly agreed on the opinion of dispatching the whole troops.
- 国は、都市及びその周辺における農業について、消費地に近い特性を生かし、都市住民の需要に即した農業生産の振興を図るために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures so that agriculture in and around urban areas can operate production activities that meet the demand of urban residents, making use of advantages of proximity to the consumers.
- 宮上茂隆によると、天守の名称の由来は岐阜城の天主が始まりであり、織田信長が、策彦周良に依頼して麓にあったという四階の御殿に命名したものであるという。
- According to Shigetaka MIYAKAMI, the name Tenshu originated from Tenshu of Gifu-jo Castle, where Nobunaga ODA, requesting Shuryo SAKUGEN, gave the name to a four-story palace understood to be located at Fumoto (the foothill).
- 前号に掲げるもののほか、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策で重要なものの企画に関する調査審議、その施策の実施の推進並びに総合調整に関すること。
- In addition to what is prescribed in the preceding item, study and deliberation on planning important measures on the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property, and promotion and comprehensive adjustment of implementation of the measures.
- 食料、農業及び農村に関する施策を講ずるに当たっては、水産業及び林業との密接な関連性を有することにかんがみ、その振興に必要な配慮がなされるものとする。
- In taking measures for food, agriculture and rural areas, necessary consideration shall be given to the fisheries and forestry industries in view of their close relationship with agriculture.
- 地方公共団体は、地域における新エネルギー利用等の促進に資する施策の策定及び実施に当たっては、できる限り、基本方針の定めるところに配慮するものとする。
- In establishing and enforcing policies that contribute to promoting New Energy Utilization, etc. in local areas, local government shall take into consideration the Basic Policy as much as possible.
- 満州族による王朝である清は建国以来、父祖の地である満洲には漢民族を入れないという封禁政策を取り、中国内地のような目の細かい行政制度も採用しなかった。
- The Qing Dynasty was established by the Manchu, who forbade the ethnic Han from migrating into their native lands through an exclusion policy, and did not adopt specifically delineated administrative policies as they in Manchuria as they had in China.
- また流通分野では、郵便制度・電信網の整備、鉄道および船舶運輸(民間の三菱財閥と国策会社の共同運輸会社の競合を経て日本郵船会社)などの整備が行われた。
- The postal system, the telegraph network, and transportation by railway and ship were consolidated as one distribution system (Nippon Yusen Company was established after the competition between the Mitsubishi Combine, the private sector, and the Kyodo Unyu Company, the national policy concern).
- 1971年(昭和46年)、建設省(現・国土交通省近畿地方整備局)は「淀川水系工事実施基本計画」を策定し、伊勢湾台風出水以来の洪水流量の改訂を実施した。
- In 1971, the Construction Ministry (now Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Kinki Regional Development Bureau) devised the 'Yodo-gawa River System Construction Implementation Basic Plan,' and revised flood water estimates for the first time since the Isewan (Ise Bay) Typhoon.
- 政府は、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策の総合的かつ計画的な推進を図るため、食料・農業・農村基本計画(以下「基本計画」という。)を定めなければならない。
- The Government shall establish a basic plan for food, agriculture and rural areas (hereinafter referred to as the 'basic plan') for the promotion of a comprehensive and systematic implementation of the policies on food, agriculture and rural areas.
- だが、後を継いだ息子顕誓は蓮悟と並んで宗派を代表する碩学の一人と称えられながら、その蓮淳による法主強化政策による弾圧(大小一揆)によって破門となった。
- But Kensei, who was his successor, son, and a renowned great scholar of the sect along with Rengo, was persecuted by Renjun's Hossu (the head of a Buddhist sect) empowerment policy and excommunicated.
- 他のエネルギーによる代替又は貯蔵が著しく困難であるエネルギーの供給については、特にその信頼性及び安定性が確保されるよう施策が講じられなければならない。
- With regard to the matter of supplying an energy source that is extremely difficult to either substitute with other energy resources or to store, measures shall be taken to specially secure its reliability and stability.
- 農林水産大臣は、水産動植物の繁殖保護又は漁業調整のため必要な限度において、水産政策審議会の意見を聴いて、第一項の期間より短い期間を定めることができる。
- The Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister may decide a period shorter than the period of paragraph (1) after hearing the opinions of the Fisheries Policy Council to such an limit as necessary for the protection of reproduction of aquatic animals and plants and fisheries adjustment.
- 公武合体(こうぶがったい)は、江戸時代後期(幕末)に公家(朝廷)の伝統的権威と、武家(幕府)を結びつけて幕府権力の再構築をはかろうとした政策論をいう。
- Kobu gattai is a policy promoted in the second half of the Edo period which aimed to reassert the power of the Shogunate by bonding the traditional authority of the Imperial Court to the Shogunate.
- 篠原・淵辺群平・池上四郎 (薩摩藩士)・河野主一郎ら私学校幹部は善後策を話し合い、小根占で猟をしていた西郷隆盛のもとに彼の四弟の西郷小兵衛を派遣した。
- The leaders of Shigakko, SHINOHARA, Gunpei FUCHIBE, Shiro IKEBE (retainer of the Satsuma Domain), and Shuichiro KONO discussed countermeasures and sent Kohei SAIGO, Takamori's fourth younger brother, to Takamori, who went on a hunting in Konejime.
- 1996年(平成8年)、「学校跡地利用審議会」・「京都市芸術文化振興計画」において元明倫小学校を「芸術文化交流センター」として活用する計画が策定される。
- In 1996, a plan to use the former Meirin elementary school as 'a center for promoting interactive art/culture-related activities' was compiled in 'A plan to promote art/culture-related activities in Kyoto City' by 'the council to deliberate on use of former school sites.'
- 国は、水産動植物の生育環境の保全及び改善を図るため、水質の保全、水産動植物の繁殖地の保護及び整備、森林の保全及び整備その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures such as conservation of water quality, protection and development of breeding grounds of aquatic plants and animals, conservation and developments of forests and others necessary to improve the conserve the growing environment for aquatic plants and animals.
- これにより花粉症を含めたアレルギー対策に関する予算が急激に増加し、2002年度のアレルギー関連予算は7年前の27倍に達する73億7200万円にもなった。
- As a result, the budget allocated for countermeasures against allergies including pollinosis has increased drastically, and the allergy related budget for 2002 reached 7.372 billion yen, which was 27 times more than that of the seven years before.
- しかしこうして10世紀後期以降、受領と田堵負名層との間に紛争がしばしば見られるようになり、受領の施策に不満の田堵負名層が中央政府へ訴え出ることもあった。
- However, from the late 10th century and onwards, there were frequent conflicts between the zuryo and the tato fumyo, and in some cases, the tato fumyo appealed to the central government about measures taken by the zuryo.
- 一方、私学校設立以来、政府は彼らの威を恐れ、早期の対策を行ってこなかったが、私学校党による県政の掌握が進むにつれて、私学校に対する曲解も本格化してきた。
- On the other hand, when Shigakko was founded, the central government had failed in taking prompt action for fear of the schools' influence; however, as the Shigakko faction became powerful in the prefectural government, the central government began to put a false color on Shigakko.
- 国は、農業の自然循環機能の維持増進を図るため、農薬及び肥料の適正な使用の確保、家畜排せつ物等の有効利用による地力の増進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as securing the proper use of agricultural chemicals and fertilizers and improving soil fertility through effective use of livestock manure, in order to maintain and promote the cyclical function of nature.
- また第二次世界大戦末期に日本全土が大規模な空襲に見舞われたが、これへの対処策として2枚の座布団を組み合わせた防空頭巾で頭部や肩を落下物の衝突から保護した。
- In addition, towards the end of World War II, Japan was subject to large scale air raids nationwide and one protective measure taken was to use two zabuton together make an 'air raid hood' to protect the head and neck from falling objects
- 国及び地方公共団体は、森林及び林業に関する施策を講ずるにつき、相協力するとともに、行政組織の整備並びに行政運営の効率化及び透明性の向上に努めるものとする。
- The State and local governments shall endeavor to cooperate in taking measures for forest and forestry, and restructuring administrative organs as well as improving their efficiency and transparency in administrative management.
- 国は、前二条に定める水産に関する施策についての基本理念(以下「基本理念」という。)にのっとり、水産に関する施策を総合的に策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- The State shall be responsible for comprehensively formulating and implementing the measures with the purport of the basic principles of the policies for fisheries provided in the preceding two articles (hereinafter referred to as 'basic principles'.)
- 「万機公論に決すべし」の語句は、由利と親交のあった坂本竜馬の船中八策(慶応三年六月)に「万機宜しく公議に決すへし」とあり、ここから採られたものとみられる。
- It seems that the phrase '万機公論に決すべし(all matters decided by open discussion)' was adopted from '万機宜しく公議に決すへし (all matters decided by open discussion)' of Senchu hassaku (the basic outline of the new regime) (in 1867) drawn up by Ryoma SAKAMOTO who was a friend of Yuri.
- 一般的な特徴としては、歴史的に寺院を持たなかった貧しい集落に厚生事業として設置される例、いわゆる同和地区に同和対策事業として設置される例などが多く見られる。
- Generally speaking, nokotsudo have often been built as part of welfare in poor communities that haven't previously had temples, and they have often been built in so-called Dowa chiku (areas where people subject to unfair discrimination have lived) as measures to eliminate social prejudice.
- 内閣は、毎年、国会に、自衛隊員の職務に係る倫理の保持に関する状況及び自衛隊員の職務に係る倫理の保持に関して講じた施策に関する報告書を提出しなければならない。
- The Cabinet shall annually submit to the Diet a report on the state of the maintenance of ethics pertaining to the duties of self-defense forces personnel and the measures taken concerning the maintenance of ethics pertaining to the duties of self-defense forces personnel.
- 政府は、森林及び林業をめぐる情勢の変化を勘案し、並びに森林及び林業に関する施策の効果に関する評価を踏まえ、おおむね五年ごとに、基本計画を変更するものとする。
- The Government shall revise the basic plan approximately every 5 years, taking into consideration of the changes in circumstances surrounding forest and forestry as well as the result of evaluation of the policies on forest and forestry.
- 彼らの目的は、強硬な取締りを行った辺将を討取り、朝鮮王朝の行なった交易の制限、恒居倭に対する検断権・徴税権の行使といった倭人抑圧政策の変更を迫る事にあった。
- Their objectives were to defeat Hensho who abused their powers, and to persuade the Korean Dynasties to change their repressive policy over the kokyowa, such as trade restrictions, or the execution of the right to judge criminal cases and the power to levy taxes over the kokyowa.
- 慶長小判はこの京目一両の原則に沿っていたが、後世、正徳 (日本)享保期を除き、時代ごとの経済政策により品位(金含有率)・量目ともに改悪されることが多かった。
- Keicho koban was made based on the principle of kyome 1ryo, however, later, due to economic policies of different periods except in Shotoku Kyoho period, it became often made worse both in karat (content rate of gold) and ryome (a weighed value).
- 日本軍は釜山西方の制圧を画策して、第一次晋州城攻防戦(1592年9月、細川忠興指揮の日本軍対金時敏指揮の朝鮮軍)を生起させるが苦戦したうえ、攻城に失敗した。
- Intending to conquer the area west of Busan, the Japanese army caused the first Siege of Jinju (in September 1592, the Japanese army commanded by Tadaoki HOSOKAWA versus the Korean army commanded by Kim Si-min) and, after hard battles, failed in attack on the castle.
- 国は、災害によって農業の再生産が阻害されることを防止するとともに、農業経営の安定を図るため、災害による損失の合理的な補てんその他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as reasonable compensation for disaster losses in order to prevent any possible impediment to agricultural reproduction by disasters and help the stabilization of farm management.
- 二度の禁武政策を通じて、武器を取り上げられた人々が、薩摩藩に対抗するために空手を発展させたとする説が、従来、歴史的事実であるかのように繰り返し言及されてきた。
- Traditionally, the belief that Okinawan people, who were deprived of weapons after two kinmu seisaku, tried to refine karate to confront the Satsuma Domain was repeatedly insisted as if it were a historical fact.
- 1638年(寛永15) 江戸幕府が対朝廷政策・宗教政策の一環として、幕府が朝廷に対して皇子下向の要請を出し、翌年に幕府と朝廷との間に皇子下向の契約が結ばれる。
- As part of the policy of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) concerning the Imperial Court and religion, the bakufu submitted a request to the Imperial Court in 1638 for a prince to move outside of Kyoto (regarded as 'descending' from the holy Imperial compounds to the lower world), and an understanding was reached beteween the bakufu and the Imperial Court the following year for such an arrangement.
- 法務大臣は、出入国の公正な管理を図るため、外国人の入国及び在留の管理に関する施策の基本となるべき計画(以下「出入国管理基本計画」という。)を定めるものとする。
- The Minister of Justice shall formulate a basic plan for the control of the entry and residence of foreign nationals (hereinafter referred to as the "Basic Plan for Immigration Control"), in order to allow the exercise of equitable control over immigration affairs.
- 国は、災害によって漁業の再生産が阻害されることを防止するとともに、漁業経営の安定を図るため、災害による損失の合理的な補てんその他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as reasonable compensation for disaster losses in order to prevent any possible impediment to fishery reproduction by disasters and help stabilization of fishery management.
- 国は、災害によって林業の再生産が阻害されることを防止するとともに、林業経営の安定を図るため、災害による損失の合理的な補てんその他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as reasonable compensation for the disaster losses in order to prevent any possible impediment to forestry reproduction by the disasters and help the stabilization of forestry management.
- 宗氏にとって三浦の喪失と通交の制限は大きな痛手であり、日本国王使の偽使の派遣、通交権の対馬集中といった方策を持って三浦の乱による損失の穴埋めを図ることになる。
- The loss of Sanpo and the restricted trading greatly affected the So clan.The clan had to cover their loss by sending gishi whose nominal status was an Imperial envoy and by concentrating the trading rights in Tsushima.
- 泗川は日本軍の策源地であった釜山広域市と日本軍最左翼の順天倭城・南海倭城の中間に位置する為、ここを落とされると西方にいる軍との連絡が分断される可能性があった。
- Since Sacheon City was located midway between Busan Metropolitan City of the supply base of the Japanese army and Suncheon Waeseong and Namhae Waeseong (Namhae Japanese Castle) at the extreme left wing of the Imperial Japanese Army, the communication with the army on the western side would be cut off if the city fell.
- この水攻めの策は中国の春秋時代に晋 (春秋)の智伯が晋陽城を水攻めしたことからヒントを得たと考えられ、低湿地にある沼城の利点を逆手に取ったまさに奇策であった。
- Considered to have taken a cue from an episode in which Zhi Bo during the Chunqiu period in China conquered Jinyang Castle by inundation, the inundation tactic was a clever idea which made full use of the merits of numajiro that was a swamp.
- 国及び地方公共団体は、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策を講ずるにつき、相協力するとともに、行政組織の整備並びに行政運営の効率化及び透明性の向上に努めるものとする。
- The State and local governments shall endeavor to cooperate in taking measures on food, agriculture and rural areas, and to restructure administrative organs as well as to improve their efficiency and transparency in administrative management.
- 貞観 (日本)16年(874年)の火災で一度は焼失するが、再建後に正子内親王はここを当時朝廷の仏教政策で正式な僧侶になることが出来なかった尼のために尼寺とした。
- After the palace burned in 874 and was rebuilt, Imperial Princess Masako made this palace a temple for nuns who could not officially become priests due to the Court's Buddhism policy.
- 第二号の規定により行った食品健康影響評価の結果に基づき講じられる施策の実施状況を監視し、必要があると認めるときは、内閣総理大臣を通じて関係各大臣に勧告すること。
- to monitor the implementation conditions of policies that are implemented on the basis of the results of the Assessment of the Effect of Food on Health, which was conducted in accordance with the provisions of item (ii), and to make recommendations to relevant ministers through the Prime Minister if necessary.
- 度牒出売の目的は、その成立当初から財政難に困窮し続けた宋朝の財政政策の一翼を担うことであり、実際に塩の専売制などと共に、国家の重要な財源の一つとなったのである。
- The purpose of selling the Docho was to contribute to the fiscal policies of the Sung Dynasty, which had constantly suffered financial difficulties since its formation, and the sales actually served as an important source of revenue together with the state monopoly on salt.
- 隠退後も文化活動を続け、1919年には光寿会を設立して仏典原典(梵字で記述)の翻訳にあたり、1921年には上海市に次代を担う人材育成のために策進書院を開校した。
- After his retirement, he continued cultural activities and in 1919, established Kojukai in order to translate the original text of Buddhist scriptures described in Bonji (Siddham script), and in 1921, he opened Sakushin shoin (a school) in Shanghai City to bring up talented people, who would lead the next generation.
- 地方公共団体は、基本方針にのっとり、エネルギーの需給に関し、国の施策に準じて施策を講ずるとともに、その区域の実情に応じた施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- The local public entities shall be responsible for taking measures complying with the measures of the State as well as formulating and implementing measures that suit the actual situation of their districts with regard to energy supply and demand, in conformance to the Basic Policy.
- ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する施策は、ものづくり事業者、ものづくり労働者又はこれらに関する団体がする自主的な努力を助長することを旨として講じられるものとする。
- Measures on the promotion of core manufacturing technology shall be taken with the aim of encouraging the voluntary efforts of manufacturing business operators, manufacturing workers and organizations related thereto.
- 文部科学大臣及び経済産業大臣は、民間事業者が特定研究成果を活用するために必要な知識及び技術の習得を促進するための施策を効果的に推進するよう努めなければならない。
- The Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry shall endeavor to effectively promote policies to further the acquisition of knowledge and technologies necessary for private business operators to utilize Specified Research Results.
- 都道府県知事は、水産動植物の保護培養のため必要があると認めるときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴いて農林水産大臣が定める基準に従つて、保護水面を指定することができる。
- In the event that the prefectural governor deems it necessary for the protection and culture of aquatic animals and plants, he/she may designate a Protected Water Surface upon hearing the opinion of the Fisheries Policy Council and in accordance with the standard provided for by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
- 国は、環境との調和に配慮した水産動植物の増殖及び養殖の推進を図るため、水産動物の種苗の生産及び放流の推進、養殖漁場の改善の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures such as promotion of production and release of seedlings of aquatic animals, improvement of aquafarms and others necessary to promote the propagation and aquaculture of aquatic plants and animals in harmony with environment.
- 国は、地域の林業における効率的な林業生産の確保に資するため、森林組合その他の委託を受けて森林の施業又は経営を行う組織等の活動の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for promoting forestry activities of forest owners' cooperation association, and other organizations which operate commissioned forest management practices, in order to contribute to secure efficient forestry production in the local forestry.
- 王朝国家体制期における中央政治機構や軍制・荘園政策・負名体制に関する研究は著しい進展を見せ、さらには王朝国家に代わる新たな古代-中世移行論が唱えられ始めてはいる。
- The study of central government organization, military systems, shoen policy, and local tax management systems during the Dynastic polity period has marked significant progress and another theory concerning the transition from the ancient times to the medieval age was proposed in lieu of the theory of Dynastic polity.
- 薩軍の主力が北部戦線に移った後も熊本城の長囲は続けられていたが、官軍衝背軍の上陸と熊本鎮台との連絡がついたことから長囲策は破綻し、戦線は熊本城の南部東部に移った。
- Although the Satsuma army kept the drawn-out siege of Kumamoto Castle even after it transferred the main force to the northern front, the drawn-out siege failed and the front moved to the south and east of Kumamoto Castle when Shohaigun (rear attack force) of the government army disembarked and established communications with Kumamoto Garrison.
- 例外的に、存城処分として陸軍用地となった城郭であっても、彦根城のように、明治政府の特例政策として城郭の土地と建造物が保存され、国宝、特別史跡となっているものもある。
- Even among the castles that were kept for conversion to Army sites, some castles, such as Hikone-jo Castle, had their lands and buildings preserved under an exceptional policy of the Meiji Government, being designated National Treasures and special historic sites.
- しかし総じて、このような盲人への保護政策により三味線音楽や近世箏曲、胡弓楽の成立発展、管鍼法の確立など、江戸時代の音楽や鍼灸医学の発展が促進されたことは重要である。
- In general, however, it should be noted that by the welfare system for the blind, the development of music and the medicine of acupuncture and moxibustion in the Edo period was advanced, including the formation and development of shamisen music, modern koto music and Chinese fiddle as well as the establishment of the acupuncture needle tube method.
- 第二次世界大戦のさなか、日本政府の宗教政策により、真言宗の古義・新義両派を合同して大真言宗になったが、戦後に独立し、1946年(昭和21年)、真言宗御室派となった。
- During World War II, the Japanese government's policy on religion forced Kogi (old) and Singi (new) Shingon sects to be integrated into Dai Shingon (literally, 'Large Shingon'), but in 1946, after the war it became independent and began referring to itself as the Omuro School of the Shingon Sect.
- 明治以降、政府の宗教政策から、他の真言宗宗派(真言宗御室派(総本山仁和寺)・真言宗大覚寺派(大本山大覚寺)など)と合同した古義真言宗に属し、古義真言宗総本山となる。
- After the Meiji period, in accordance with the religious policies of the government, the Koyasan Shingon sect became a part of the Old Shingon sect, which was merged with the other religious schools of the Shingon sect (Omuro school of the Shingon sect [the grand head temple is Ninna-ji Temple], Daikaku-ji school of the Shingon sect [the head temple is Daikaku-ji Temple], etc.), and became the grand head temple of the Old Shingon sect.
- 地方公共団体は、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関し、国の施策に準じた施策及びその地方公共団体の区域の特性を生かした自主的な施策を策定し、及びこれを実施する責務を有する。
- A local public entity shall be responsible for formulating and implementing measures similar to the measures taken by the State and unique measures that reflect its local characteristics, with regard to the promotion of core manufacturing technology.
- 国は、排他的経済水域等以外の水域における我が国の漁業に係る漁場の維持及び開発を図るため、操業に関する外国との協議、水産資源の探査その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures such as conference with foreign states on fisheries, exploration of fishery resources and others necessary to maintain and develop the fishing grounds pertaining to the Japanese fisheries in waters other than Exclusive Economic Zone.
- 漁業者以外の者であって、水産動植物の採捕及びこれに関連する活動を行うものは、国及び地方公共団体が行う水産に関する施策の実施について協力するようにしなければならない。
- Those who are engaged in activities relevant to taking aquatic animals and plants, other than fishery operators, shall cooperate with implementation of the measures for fisheries established by the State and local government.
- ただ人欲を人間本来の自然とみる考えを全否定することはなく、それを認めつつ、人欲をコントロールする役目を「理」に与えることにより現実的な政策・思想を構想しようとした。
- The Dongling movement did not deny the idea of considering desire to be innate human nature, rather, it approved the idea, while making 'ri' play the role of controlling desire to establish more realistic policy and ideology.
- 明治元年正月、福井藩出身の参与由利公正が、坂本龍馬の船中八策と似ている部分が多い議事之体大意五箇条を起案し、参与東久世通禧を通じて議定兼副総裁の岩倉具視に提出した。
- New Year in 1868, Sanyo (councilor), Kosei YURI from Fukui Domain made up Gijinoteitaii Five Articles which was partially similar to Senchu hassaku (the basic outline of the new regime drawn up by Ryoma SAKAMOTO) and submitted to gijo (official post) and vice-president, Tomomi IWAKURA through Sanyo, Michitomi HIGASHIKUZE.
- 神宮では、大正12年(1923年)に森林経営計画を策定し、再び神路山・島路山・高倉山を御杣山とすべく、大正末期(1925年または1926年)から檜の植林を続けている。
- The Jingu made a forest management plan in 1923, after which they have continued planting Japanese cypress since the end of the Taisho period (1925 or 1926) in an attempt to lay Miso-yama again in Mt. Kamiji, Mt. Shimaji, and Mt. Takakura.
- 前二項に定めるもののほか、食品関連事業者は、基本理念にのっとり、その事業活動に関し、国又は地方公共団体が実施する食品の安全性の確保に関する施策に協力する責務を有する。
- In addition to what is prescribed in the preceding two paragraphs, Food-related Business Operators shall be responsible for cooperating in policies that are implemented by the national or the local governments, on the code of the Basic Principles, to ensure Food safety.
- 国は、食料消費の改善及び農業資源の有効利用に資するため、健全な食生活に関する指針の策定、食料の消費に関する知識の普及及び情報の提供その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as developing healthy dietary guidelines, broadening the citizens' knowledge of food consumption and providing relevant information, in order to contribute to the improvement of food consumption and effective use of agricultural resources.
- 前項第一号の特定目的信託契約の期間は、政令で定める特定資産の区分に応じ、その管理及び処分に関する合理的な計画の策定可能な期間として政令で定める期間を超えてはならない。
- The period of the Specific Purpose Trust Contract set forth in item (i) of the preceding paragraph shall not exceed the period specified by a Cabinet Order as one in which a reasonable plan concerning the administration and disposition of the Specified Assets can be formulated for the categories of Specified Assets specified by a Cabinet Order.
- 国は、我が国の国際社会における役割を積極的に果たすため、ものづくり基盤技術に関し、開発途上地域に対する技術協力等国際的な技術協力の推進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to actively fulfill Japan's role in the international community, the State shall take the necessary measures for the promotion of international technical cooperation such as technical cooperation in developing areas concerning core manufacturing technology.
- その対策として発行された万延小判の品位の低さなどにより諸物価が高騰、開国策・不平等条約への批判が噴出し、外国人排斥の攘夷思想が次第に隆盛し、各地で異人斬りが横行する。
- In responce to the situation the government issued Manen oval gold coins, but the low quality of the coins led to steep inflation, triggering severe criticism of the unequal treaty and opening of the country and a growing anti-foreigner movement, provoking the rampant killing of Westerners in many places in the country.
- ロシアの南下が自国の権益と衝突すると考えたイギリスは危機感を募らせ、1902年に長年墨守していた孤立政策(栄光ある孤立)を捨て、日本との同盟に踏み切った(日英同盟)。
- England became alarmed that Russia's southward expansion could clash with its own interests, abandoned the isolationist policy (Splendid Isolation) it had adhered to for many years, and decided to enter into an alliance with Japan in 1902 (Anglo-Japanese Alliance).
- 楽市楽座等の経済政策により、金銭で多くの軍役従事者を雇用することができたため、農繁期・農閑期を問わず、京など政略的・戦略的要地に、長期的に大軍を派遣することができた。
- The economic policy, Rakuichi-rakuza (Free markets and open guilds) made it possible to hire many pursuers of military service, therefore, the long-term dispatch of a large army was doable even during the busy farming season.
- 遺伝子組換え生物等の使用等により生ずる影響であって、生物の多様性を損なうおそれのあるもの(以下「生物多様性影響」という。)を防止するための施策の実施に関する基本的な事項
- Basic matters concerning the implementation of measures designed to prevent adverse effects that are caused by the use of living modified organisms and posing unacceptable risks that impair biological diversity (hereinafter referred to as 'Adverse Effect on Biological Diversity')
- 政府は、食料、農業及び農村をめぐる情勢の変化を勘案し、並びに食料、農業及び農村に関する施策の効果に関する評価を踏まえ、おおむね五年ごとに、基本計画を変更するものとする。
- The Government shall revise the basic act approximately every 5 years, by taking into consideration of the changes in circumstances surrounding food, agriculture and rural areas and also the result of policy effectiveness evaluation on food, agriculture and rural areas.
- 前項第一号の資産流動化計画の計画期間は、政令で定める特定資産の区分に応じ、その管理及び処分に関する合理的な計画の策定可能な期間として政令で定める期間を超えてはならない。
- The period for the Asset Securitization Plan set forth in item (i) of the preceding paragraph shall not exceed the period specified by a Cabinet Order as one in which a reasonable plan concerning the administration and disposition of Specified Assets can be formulated for the categories of Specified Assets specified by a Cabinet Order.
- 第二号に掲げる数量(前号に掲げる数量を定めた場合にあっては、その数量。第八条第二項において「第一種特定海洋生物資源知事管理量」という。)に関し実施すべき施策に関する事項
- Matters concerning measures to be implemented for quantities as set forth in item (ii) (or the quantities under the preceding item, if such categories are designated; referred to as 'quantity control of Class I specified living marine resources by the governor' in paragraph (2) of Article 8);
- これらの農村の膨大な武器がほぼ完全に消滅するのは、大日本帝国が太平洋戦争においてポツダム宣言を受諾し降伏文書に調印した後の、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の占領政策による。
- These cache of weapons in the rural villages were almost completely eradicated under the Occupation policy by the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ) which was carried out after the Empire of Japan accepted the Potsdam Declaration for the Pacific War and the Instrument of Surrender was signed.
- その一方で「国王」称号は国内的には天皇をさすため、これに遠慮し次善の策として「大君」を用いたという、もっぱら国内的要因に鑑みての変更にすぎないではないかという論もある。
- On the other hand, there is another opinion as in the following: Since the title of 'King' indicated the emperor domestically, the term of 'Tycoon' was simply used as the second best term hesitating to utilize the term of King, and therefore, the change of the title name was made solely based on a domestic factor.
- 国は、前三条に定める食品の安全性の確保についての基本理念(以下「基本理念」という。)にのっとり、食品の安全性の確保に関する施策を総合的に策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- The national government shall be responsible for formulating and implementing comprehensive policies to ensure Food safety on the code of basic principles for ensuring Food safety, provided in the preceding three articles (hereinafter referred to as the 'Basic Principles').
- The national government shall be responsible for formulating and implementing comprehensive policies to ensure Food safety on the code of basic principles for ensuring Food safety, provided in the preceding three articles (hereinafter referred to as the "Basic Principles").
- とくに生酒(なまざけ)として出荷する場合は、火落ち菌対策として、火入れをしないことから、高精度な(0.22 - 0.65μ程度の)除菌のための濾過をこれによっておこなう。
- In particular for sake to be shipped out as namazake (raw sake), because hiire (pasteurization) as a measure against hiochi bacteria is not done, filtration for removing bacteria with high precision (in the order of 0.22 to 0.65 μ) is carried out with this method.
- 1939年(昭和14年)には文部省にあらためて法隆寺壁画保存調査会が設置され、美術や歴史の専門家のほか、自然科学の専門家も参加して壁画の劣化防止と保存の対策が検討された。
- In 1939, the Horyuji hekiga hozon chosaiinkai (Investigative Committee of Conservation Techniques for Mural Paintings of Horyu-ji Temple) was newly established in the Ministry of Education, and the experts in the art, history, and natural science were joined to discuss about strategy for prevention of further deterioration and the conservation of the murals.
- 足利尊氏の崇敬を受けてきた夢窓疎石のもとで大きく発展し、以後も春屋妙葩・義堂周信・絶海中津などの高僧を輩出して歴代足利将軍の崇敬を受けて、室町幕府の政策にも影響を与えた。
- The Gozanha system flourished under Soseki MUSO, to whom Takauji ASHIKAGA had paid respect; ultimately it produced many high-ranking priests, such as Myoha SHUNOKU, Shushin GIDO and Chushin ZEKKAI, thereby exerting considerable influence on the policies of the Muromachi bakufu with reverence by the successive Ashikaga shoguns.
- 江戸時代初期に安楽庵策伝は「醒睡笑」に、武士(もののふ)のやばせの舟は早くとも急がば廻れ瀬田の長橋という連歌師の宗長の歌から急がば回れのことわざがうまれたと紹介している。
- In the early Edo period, Sakuden ANRAKUEN noted that the proverb 'Isogaba Maware (Make haste slowly)' was derived from a renga (collaborative poetry) included in 'Seisuisho,' 'Mononofu no Yabase no fune wa hayakutomo Isogaba Maware Seta no Naga-bashi,' which was written by a poet Socho.
- 農林水産大臣は、広域漁業調整委員会が議決を怠り、又はその議決が法令に違反し、若しくは著しく不当であると認めて水産政策審議会が請求したときは、その解散を命ずることができる。
- In the case where the Fisheries Policy Council finds that a Wide Sea-area Fisheries Adjustment Commission fails to make any resolution or that any resolution made by the commission violates an act or ordinance and remarkably undue, and requests the dissolution of the commission, the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister may order the dissolution of the commission.
- 知的財産の保護及び活用に関する施策を推進するに当たっては、その公正な利用及び公共の利益の確保に留意するとともに、公正かつ自由な競争の促進が図られるよう配慮するものとする。
- In promoting measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property, consideration shall be paid to secure the fair exploitation of intellectual property and public interests and to promote fair and free competition.
- 国は、前二条に定める森林及び林業に関する施策についての基本理念(以下「基本理念」という。)にのっとり、森林及び林業に関する施策を総合的に策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- The national government is responsible for formulating and implementing comprehensive policies for forest and forestry, pursuant to the basic principles for forest and forestry prescribed in the preceding two articles (hereinafter referred to as 'basic principles').
- 当初は同業の問屋による私的な集団であり、江戸幕府は当初は楽市楽座路線を継承した商業政策を方針としており、こうした組織が流通機構を支配して幕府に対する脅威になる事を恐れた。
- Originally, it was a private group consisting of peer warehouse merchants and the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) feared that this kind of organization would control the distribution system and pose a threat to them because the Edo bakufu adopted the commercial policy inherited the course of rakuichi-rakuza (free markets and open guilds) at first.
- 多目的ダム建設を骨子とした「河川改訂改修計画」は1949年(昭和24年)に発表されたが、淀川水系においても1954年(昭和29年)より「淀川水系改訂基本計画」が策定された。
- The 'Revised River Improvement Plan' including the building of multipurpose damswas published in 1949, and for Yodo-gawa River system, the 'Revised Basic Plan for Improvement of Yodo-gawa River System' was fixed in 1954.
- 2001年に京都ホテルは経営再建策の一環としてホテルオークラとの業務提携を決定、2002年にオークラホテルズ&リゾーツに加盟して本館の名称を「京都ホテルオークラ」に改めた。
- In 2001, Kyoto Hotel decided to tie-up with Hotel Okura as one of its management restructuring measures, and became a member of Okura Hotels & Resorts in 2002 and renamed the main building 'Kyoto Hotel Okura.'
- これは、あらかじめ子どもたちに「坐禅中、心が落ち着かなくなったり、眠くなったりしたら手を合わせなさい」などと指導しておき、合掌した子どもにだけ警策を与えるというものである。
- This is the practice in which children are instructed in advance to 'put your hands together if they feel distracted or sleepy during zaze' and kyosaku (keisaku) is given only those who make the gassho (hands in prayer position).
- 国は、産業技術力の強化の円滑な実施を図るため、研究及び開発を行うための施設及び設備の整備、研究材料の供給並びに技術に関する情報の流通の円滑化に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to provide smooth implementation of enhancing Industrial Technology Capability, the national government shall take the necessary measures to facilitate the maintenance of facilities and equipments for carrying out research and development, the supply of necessary materials for research, and the achievement of smooth flow of technology-related information.
- 当時の太政官日誌は都市の書店で一般に発売されていたが、各農村にまで配布されておらず、一般国民に対しては、キリスト教の禁止など幕府の旧来の政策を踏襲する五榜の掲示が出された。
- At that time Daijokan nittshi was available at urban book stores, but not distributed in the rural areas yet and to the general public Gobo no keiji (five edict boards) taking over traditional policies of bakufu such as a ban of Christianity was posted.
- 国は、第二条第四項に規定する場合において、国民が最低限度必要とする食料の供給を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、食料の増産、流通の制限その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as increasing food production and restricting distribution in order to secure the minimum food required by the citizens in the events prescribed in paragraph 4 of Article 2.
- 特に薩摩藩の実施した禁武政策(1613年の琉球王府宛通達)は、帯刀など武器の携帯を禁じただけで、その所持まで禁じたものではなく、比較的緩やかな規制であったことが判明している。
- Particularly, it is revealed that the kinmu seisaku by the Satsuma Domain (which came into effect in 1613 through a written notice to the Ryukyu Kingdom) was a relatively loose regulation, whereby the carriage of weapons such as swords was banned but ownership of weapons was not.
- 防災計画 災害対策基本法第二条第七号に規定する防災計画及び石油コンビナート等災害防止法(昭和五十年法律第八十四号)第三十一条第一項に規定する石油コンビナート等防災計画をいう。
- disaster prevention plan means a disaster prevention plan prescribed in Article 2, item (vii) of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures and a disaster prevention plan for petroleum industrial complexes and other petroleum facilities prescribed in Article 31, paragraph 1 of the Act on the Prevention of Disasters in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities (Act No. 84 of 1975).
- そこで商人の側としては、幕府の次なる政策を先読みして、たとえば酒株酒造石高を水増し申告しておき、減醸石高を言いつけられても商売にさしつかえないように図ったりした店も多かった。
- On the merchant's part, many of stores foresaw the next possible measures by the bakufu to try not to be hindered in their business, for instance, they made a padded filing for the Sakekabu/Kokudaka (yield) of sake brewing preparing for a possibility that they were required to reduce their sake brewing Kokudaka.
- この軍議では、一旦は篠原らの強襲策続行に決したが、遅れて到着した小兵衛や野村忍介の強い反対があり、深夜に開かれた再軍議で熊本城を強襲する一方、一部は小倉を電撃すべしと決した。
- In the council of war, they once agreed in further storming the castle according to the plan of SHINOHARA and others, but Kohei and Oshisuke NOMURA, who arrived later, strongly opposed that; in the council held again in the midnight, they agreed in storming Kumamoto Castle, while dispatching part of the army to blitz Kokura.
- 鎖国政策は、江戸幕府の法令のなかでは徹底された部類ではあったが、特例として認められていた松前藩、対馬藩や薩摩藩では、幕府の許容以上の額を一種の密貿易(抜荷)としておこなった。
- Although Bakufu-issued ordinances on isolation policies were implemented consistently, the Matsumae Domain, the Tsushima Domain and the Satsuma Domain, all of which were dealt with as special domains, carried out a variety of illegal trades (also called Nukeni in Japanese), making transactions in excess of the tolerable amount set by the Bakufu.
- その後洪水調節に加え関西圏の人口増加に伴う水需要の逼迫に対応する為、1962年(昭和37年)に淀川水系は「水資源開発促進法」に基づく「淀川水系水資源開発基本計画」が策定された。
- In 1962, for the Yodo-gawa River System, the 'Yodo-gawa River System Water Resources Development Basic Plan' was created based on the 'Water Resources Development Promotion Law' in order to cope with pressing water demands due to the growing population in the Kansai region.
- 国及び地方公共団体は、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策を講ずるに当たっては、農業者及び農業に関する団体並びに食品産業の事業者がする自主的な努力を支援することを旨とするものとする。
- In taking measures for food, agriculture and rural areas, the national and local governments shall aim at providing support to the proactive efforts of farmers, farmers' organizations and business operators in food industry.
- 以降、江戸時代まで、教王護国寺は真言宗の長者寺としてその役割を果たしてきたが、明治時代に入ると、政府の宗教政策から、真言宗は、古義真言宗・新義真言宗各派が合同することとなった。
- After that, until the Edo period, the Kyoogokoku-ji Temple had played a role as the head temple of the Shingon sect, and during the Meiji period, various schools of the Kogi Shingon sect and the Shingi (new) Shingon sect were integrated in accordance with the religious policy of the government.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言があった時以後における災害対策基本法の次の表の上欄に掲げる規定の適用については、これらの規定中同表の中欄に掲げる字句は、それぞれ同表の下欄に掲げる字句とする。
- With regard to the application of the provisions of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures, which are listed in the left-hand column of the following table, after the issuance of a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation, the terms and phrases listed in the middle column of the same table in these provisions shall be deemed to be replaced with the terms and phrases listed in the right-hand column of the same table.
- 国は、研究者及び技術者の創造性が十分に発揮されることにより、産業技術力の強化が図られることにかんがみ、研究者及び技術者の確保、養成及び資質の向上に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In light of the fact that the enhancing of Industrial Technology Capability is furthered by enabling the creativity of researchers and engineers to be fully demonstrated, the national government shall take necessary measures to secure and train researchers and engineers and to improve their qualities.
- 地方公共団体は、基本理念にのっとり、産業技術力の強化に関し、国の施策に準じた施策及びその地方公共団体の区域の特性を生かした自主的な施策を策定し、及びこれを実施する責務を有する。
- In enhancing Industrial Technology Capability, in accordance with the Basic Principle, local governments shall have the responsibility to formulate policies that follow the national policies, and autonomous policies that utilize the characteristics of the region of that local government, and to implement those policies.
- 国は、林業労働に従事する者の福祉の向上、育成及び確保を図るため、就業の促進、雇用の安定、労働条件の改善、社会保障の拡充、職業訓練の事業の充実その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as increasing job opportunities, stabilizing employment, improving working conditions, improving social security, and enhancing vocational training programs, in order to improve welfare, develop and secure the forest labor force.
- 地方公共団体は、基本理念にのっとり、水産に関し、国との適切な役割分担を踏まえて、その地方公共団体の区域の自然的経済的社会的諸条件に応じた施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- Local governments shall be responsible for formulating and implementing the measures for fisheries that suit natural and socioeconomic characteristics of the areas with the purport of the basic principles and based on the appropriate sharing of roles with the State.
- 当時、中央集権体制を進めるために廃藩置県の必要があることは政府内の共通認識となっていたが、その実施に向けた方策について急進的な木戸孝允と漸進的な大久保利通との対立が続いていた。
- Although there was a shared understanding within the government at that time that Haihan-chiken had to be carried out in order to move towards a centralized administrative system, Takayoshi KIDO (who insisted on radical reform) and Toshimichi OKUBO (who insisted on moderate reform) continued to hold differing views concerning practical procedures.
- 国は、食料の安全性の確保及び品質の改善を図るとともに、消費者の合理的な選択に資するため、食品の衛生管理及び品質管理の高度化、食品の表示の適正化その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as improving food hygiene and quality management and proper food labeling, in order to secure food safety, improve food quality, and contribute to the consumers' reasonable selection.
- 放射性物質による汚染の有無又はその状況が明らかになっていないことに起因する商品の販売等の不振を防止するための、緊急事態応急対策実施区域等における放射性物質の発散の状況に関する広報
- public information activities concerning the status of the emanation of radioactive materials in the emergency response measures implementation area, etc. for the purpose of preventing the stagnation of sales, etc. of goods resulting from a situation where the status of contamination by radioactive materials remains unclear;
- 政府は、エネルギーの需給に関する施策の長期的、総合的かつ計画的な推進を図るため、エネルギーの需給に関する基本的な計画(以下「エネルギー基本計画」という。)を定めなければならない。
- The government shall formulate a basic plan on energy supply and demand (hereinafter referred to as the 'Basic Energy Plan') in order to promote measures on energy supply and demand on a long-term, comprehensive and systematic basis.
- 合金又はその粉末の製造用の装置(コンタミネーション防止対策を講じてあるものに限る。)であって、第七号ハ(二)1から7までのいずれかに該当する方法において使用するように設計したもの
- Devices for the manufacture of alloys or powders thereof (limited to those with contamination prevention measures taken) and designed for use in the methods that fall under any of item (vii), (c), 2., i. through vii.
- 国は、国民、事業者又はこれらの者の組織する民間の団体が自発的に行う緑化活動その他の森林の整備及び保全に関する活動が促進されるように、情報の提供その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall provide information and take necessary measures for the promotion of forest development and conservation activities including voluntary tree-planting activities by the citizens, business operators and private bodies organized by such parties.
- 魚類防疫協力員は、養殖水産動植物の伝染性疾病の予防に関する事項につき、都道府県の施策に協力して、養殖をする者からの相談に応じ、及びこれらの者に対する助言その他の民間の活動を行う。
- The Fish Epidemic Prevention Assistants shall respond to the consultations had with aquaculture farmers, give advice to the farmers, or engage in private activities for the prevention of infectious diseases in farmed aquatic animals and plants to promote the policies of the prefecture concerned.
- 12月2日 (旧暦)(12月26日)、秀吉は毛利氏対策として山陰は宮部継潤、山陽は蜂須賀正勝を置いた上で、和睦を反故にして大軍を率いて近江国に出兵、長浜城 (近江国)を攻撃した。
- On December 26, Hideyoshi, who had earlier assigned Keijun MIYABE to the Sanin region and Masakatsu HACHISUKA to the Sanyo region to deal with the Mori clan, broke the truce and led his large army to Omi Province, attacking Nagahama-jo Castle (Omi Province).
- 貪欲な受領とされることの多い藤原元命だが、当時、花山天皇が即位直後に地方税制の改革など積極的な政策展開を行っており、元命はこの花山新制の方針を遵守したに過ぎないとする見方もある。
- Although FUJIWARA no Motonaga had been often regarded as a greedy Zuryo, some suggest that Motonaga only observed strictly the policy of Kazan shinsei (new laws issued by Emperor Kazan) under the new local tax system Emperor Kazan actively introduced immediately after his enthronement.
- その範囲は、中央官制・法制・宮廷・身分制・地方行政・金融・流通・産業・経済・教育・外交・宗教政策など多岐に及び、日本をアジアで最初の西洋的国家体制を有する近代国家へと変貌させた。
- The restoration affected all areas of life, such as the organization of the central government, legislation, the Imperial court, the class system, the local administration, the distribution system, industry, education, diplomacy, and religious policy, and effectively converted Japan into the first Western-style modern state in Asia.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言(原子力災害対策特別措置法第十五条第二項の規定による原子力緊急事態宣言をいう。以下同じ。)があつた場合において、当該原子力災害(原子力災害が生ずる蓋然性を含む。)
- in the case where a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation (which means the declaration of a nuclear emergency situation under the provisions of Article 15, paragraph 2 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness; the same shall apply hereinafter) pertaining to the area of the relevant prefecture has been issued, collecting information regarding the relevant nuclear disaster (including the probability of the occurrence of a nuclear disaster)
- 延久宣旨枡(えんきゅうせんじます)は、後三条天皇が延久の荘園整理令など新立荘園整理政策の裏付けとした、1072年(延久4年)に再指定した国家公定枡のことである。単に宣旨枡ともいう。
- An official national measure that was enacted by Emperor Gosanjo in 1072, Enkyu senjimasu (also referred to simply as Senjimasu) was used to implement new manor regulation policies, including a manor regulation ordinance issued during the Enkyu era.
- しかしながら、仮に日本が「産業界を中心に世界有数の環境対策を施してきた」としても、 人口一人あたりの化石燃料由来温室効果ガスの排出量は高く、温室効果ガス排出量の削減もできていない。
- However, even though Japan has implemented world's leading environmental measures particularly in the industrial field, the per capita emissions amount of greenhouse gases originating from fossil fuel is still high and Japan has not achieved the reduction goal of emissions of greenhouse gases in fact.
- 堤防建設や浚渫では限界が出てきており、宅地化の進行でこれ以上の河川改修は補償の観点から難しく、抜本的な治水対策が叫ばれる一方で関西圏地域の人口急増に伴い水需要も引き続き急増していた。
- Building barrages and dredging the river bed had only a limited effect, and it was almost impossible to improve the river further because of compensation issues, while there were growing calls for fundamental flood control measures, and demand for water was rapidly increasing due to the rapid growth of the population in the Kansai region.
- 汲み取り式の場合、汚物が下の便槽に筒抜けになっており、その汚物の臭いで便所がくさくなるため、便器に蓋をしたり排気口を作ってファンによって屋外へ送風するなどの対策が取られる場合がある。
- In the case of vault toilets, they stink because filthy matters are in the tank below and sometimes as countermeasures a lid is put on the basin or an exhaust outlet is installed to fan the inner air out.
- 確かに中国では、僧侶に徭役免除の特権が付与されたため、徭役免除を目的とした出家者が数多く現われ、そのために、国家が出家得度に定数を定めるなどの諸々の抑制策や規制を設けるようになった。
- Indeed in China, since the special privilege of exemption from labor was given to priests, many priests with the purpose of exemption from labor appeared, and because of that, the government established various restraining policies and regulations, such as limiting the numbers of priests receiving tokudo.
- 原子力災害合同対策協議会は、必要と認めるときは、協議して、前項に掲げるもののほか、指定公共機関、原子力事業者その他の原子力緊急事態応急対策の実施に責任を有する者を加えることができる。
- A Joint Council for Nuclear Emergency Response may, when it finds it necessary, by conference, include designated public institutions, nuclear operators or any other parties responsible for the implementation of nuclear emergency response measures within the council, in addition to the persons listed in the preceding paragraph.
- 都道府県の知事は、基本計画に即して、前条第二項第六号に掲げる数量又は同項第十号に掲げる量に関し実施すべき施策に関する都道府県の計画(以下「都道府県計画」という。)を定めるものとする。
- The governor of each prefecture shall formulate a Prefectural Plan concerning measures to be implemented for quantities under item (vi) of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article or amounts under item (x) of the same paragraph, in conformity with the Basic Plan (hereinafter referred to as 'the Prefectural Plan').
- 第二号に掲げる都道府県漁獲限度量(前号に掲げる数量を定めた場合にあっては、その数量。第八条第二項において「第一種指定海洋生物資源知事管理量」という。)に関し実施すべき施策に関する事項
- Matters concerning the measures to be implemented regarding prefectural catch limits under item (ii) (the quantities under the previous item in the case where such categories are designated; referred to as 'quantity control of Class I designated living marine resources by the governor' in paragraph (2) of Article 8);
- 国は、国民の水産業及び漁村に対する理解と関心を深めるとともに、健康的でゆとりのある生活に資するため、都市と漁村との間の交流の促進、遊漁船業の適正化その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measure such as promotion of exchange between urban areas and fishing villages and rationalization of recreational fishing vessels to enhance public understanding and interest in fishery industry and fishing villages, and to contribute to healthy and comfortable life.
- 国は、前二条に規定する知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する基本理念(以下「基本理念」という。)にのっとり、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- National government shall have the responsibility for formulating and implementing measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property in accordance with the basic principles on the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property set forth in the provisions of the preceding two articles (hereinafter referred to as 'basic principles').
- 国は、国民の農業及び農村に対する理解と関心を深めるとともに、健康的でゆとりのある生活に資するため、都市と農村との間の交流の促進、市民農園の整備の推進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as encouraging exchanges between urban and rural areas, and promoting improvement of allotment gardens, in order to enhance public understanding and awareness of agriculture and rural areas and to contribute to healthy and comfortable life.
- この台風13号での淀川の洪水流量は過去最悪のものであり、これを機に淀川流域の根本的な治水対策として建設省近畿地方建設局(現・国土交通省近畿地方整備局)は「淀川水系改修基本計画」を実施。
- The fact that Typhoon 13 caused the greatest volume of flood water yet at the Yodo-gawa River made the Kinki Regional Construction Bureau of the Construction Ministry (the present Kinki Regional Development Bureau of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) implement 'the Basic Plan to Repair the Yodo-gawa River System,' a drastic measure of flood control throughout the Yodo-gawa River area.
- 本山と末寺が遠距離を隔てていたり、利害関係での対立、そして宗派が異なる場合などには末寺が本山からの自立を画策したり、逆に本山側が末寺に対する地位・権利の確認を求める本末相論が発生した。
- The Honmatu dispute (dispute over head and branch temples) rose from matsuji seeking its own independence from the head temple by having a great physical distance from the head temple, conflict due to different interests, or by having different sects, and the head-temple side sought to confirm the position and benefits of matsuji.
- 国は、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する施策の適正な策定及び実施に資するため、ものづくり基盤技術の関係者等の意見を国の施策に反映させるための制度を整備する等必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to contribute to the appropriate formulation and implementation of measures on the promotion of core manufacturing technology, the State shall take necessary measures such as the establishment of a system for reflecting the opinions of such persons as those concerned with core manufacturing technology, in the measures taken by the State.
- 国及び地方公共団体は、産業技術力の強化に関する施策で大学に係るものを策定し、及びこれを実施するに当たっては、研究者の自主性の尊重その他の大学における研究の特性に配慮しなければならない。
- In formulating and implementing policies for enhancing Industrial Technology Capability pertaining to universities, the national government, and local governments shall pay due attention to autonomy of researchers or other characteristics of research conducted at universities.
- 地方公共団体は、基本理念にのっとり、森林及び林業に関し、国との適切な役割分担を踏まえて、その地方公共団体の区域の自然的経済的社会的諸条件に応じた施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- Local governments are responsible, pursuant to the basic principles, and based on an appropriate sharing of the roles with the national government, for formulating and implementing the policies for forest and forestry that suit their natural and socioeconomic characteristics of the area.
- 経済産業大臣は、特定研究成果の活用において中小企業者が果たす重要な役割にかんがみ、研究開発、特定研究成果の活用に関する情報の提供その他の関連施策を効果的に推進するよう努めるものとする。
- The Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry shall, in view of the important role played by Small and Medium Sized Enterprise Operator in utilizing Specified Research Results, endeavor to effectively promote the provision of information pertaining to utilizing research and development and Specified Research Results, and other relevant measures.
- 行政が行う花粉症対策とは基礎研究や治療法の開発、花粉飛散の予報技術の向上などが主であり、スギ・ヒノキ花粉発生源への根本的な対策がおろそかになっているとの指摘は従来より多くなされている。
- The majority of the pollinosis countermeasures implemented by the administration consist of fundamental research, the development of treatments and the improvement of airborne pollen forecasting technology, and there is increasing criticism that fundamental countermeasures against the sources of Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress pollinosis are being neglected.
- これは長年の倭寇対策で船体破壊のための遠戦指向の朝鮮水軍に対して、船員制圧のための近戦指向の日本水軍では装備や戦術の差もあって、正面衝突の海戦をすると日本水軍が不利であったことによる。
- This was because direct naval battles were unfavorable to the Japanese navy because of the differences in equipment and tactics between the Korean navy that was oriented to distant combat (battles with missiles) to break the vessel's body because of their experiences over a long period in coping with wako (Japanese pirates) and the Japanese navy that was oriented to close combat to suppress sailors.
- 第二次世界大戦のさなか、日本政府の宗教政策により、真言宗の古義・新義両派を合同して大真言宗に組み込まれたが、戦後に独立し、1952年(昭和27年)、真言宗山階派となり、現在に至っている。
- During World War II, the Kogi, Shingi both schools of the Shingon sect were integrated into the Daishingon sect by according to the religious policy of the Japanese government, but it gained independence as the present Yamashina school of the Shingon sect in 1952.
- 国は、木材産業等が林産物の供給において果たす役割の重要性にかんがみ、その健全な発展を図るため、事業基盤の強化、林業との連携の推進、流通及び加工の合理化その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures, in consideration of an importance of the role of wood industry, etc. in the supply of wood products, such as enhancement of business base, promotion of partnerships with forestry, streamlining of distribution and processing, for the sound development of wood industry.
- 全国通用を前提とするものであるが、金鉱山が主に常陸国、甲斐国、伊豆国および佐渡国などに位置し、金貨の一般通用は家康により新たに取り入れられた政策であったため主に関東地方を中心に流通した。
- It was planned to circulate nationwide, however, the distribution was mainly in Kanto Region because gold mines were located in Hitachi, Kai, Izu and Sado Provinces and the policy of circulating gold coins in public was newly adopted by Ieyasu.
- 第三条第一項の規定による基本方針の策定及び公表並びに同条第三項の規定による基本方針の改定に関する事項については、経済産業大臣、国土交通大臣、農林水産大臣、財務大臣、厚生労働大臣及び環境大臣
- With respect to the formulation of the Basic Policy under Article 3, paragraph 1 and the revision of the Basic Policy under paragraph 3 of the said Article: the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Minister of Finance, Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare, and Minister of the Environment.
- 1925年(大正14年)には、真言宗高野派・真言宗東寺派と合同して、古義真言宗に属したが、太平洋戦争中に、政府の宗教政策により、古義真言宗と新義真言宗の合同が計られ、大真言宗に統合された。
- The Takano and Toji schools of the Shingon Sect unified in 1925 and became part of the Kogi Shingon Sect but during the Second World War, the government amalgamated the Kogi (Old) Shingon Sect and Shingi (New) Shingon Sect into the single Daishingon Sect as part of its policy on religion.
- しかし西園寺は日露戦争を要因とした財政難や国際関係の問題などを理由に拒否した為、上原は軍部大臣現役武官制を利用して西園寺内閣を内閣総辞職へ追い込み、陸軍主導の内閣を成立させようと画策した。
- However, SAIONJI's refusal on grounds of fiscal problems stemming from the Russo-Japanese War and of issues of international relations led to UEHARA driving the Saionji administration to mass resignation by taking advantage of the law requiring that the military-related ministers to be named from among active-duty military officers in order to form an army-led administration.
- その一方で長期に渡る鎖国の反動からか文化・風土面においても世界的に類を見ない規模の欧化政策(脱亜入欧)を行い、現代に至るまでの日本人における白人コンプレックスの礎となったと考える者もいる。
- On the other hand, there is also an opinion that the Japanese government introduced a Europeanization policy (leave Asia, enter Europe) into its culture and its natural features on an such an unprecedented scale due to a backlash against its extended seclusionism, that it layed a foundation for the people of Japan to have an inferior complex to the Caucasian that remains even today.
- 地方公共団体は、基本理念にのっとり、食品の安全性の確保に関し、国との適切な役割分担を踏まえて、その地方公共団体の区域の自然的経済的社会的諸条件に応じた施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- Local governments shall be responsible, pursuant to the Basic Principles, and based on an appropriate sharing of roles with the national government, for formulating and implementing policies to ensure Food safety that suit their natural and socioeconomic characteristics of the area.
- 地方公共団体は、基本理念にのっとり、食料、農業及び農村に関し、国との適切な役割分担を踏まえて、その地方公共団体の区域の自然的経済的社会的諸条件に応じた施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- Local governments are responsible, pursuant to the basic principles, and based on an appropriate sharing of roles with the national government, for formulating and implementing policies for food, agriculture and rural areas that suit their natural and socioeconomic characteristics of the area.
- 比較的、観光客の多い日中と異なり、夜の京都は地元や宿泊客などの一部に知られるものの、寺社のほとんどは拝観時間の制限もあり、繁華街を除けば東山周辺の小路などが散策の対象になることは少なかった。
- Though Kyoto at night have been known by some people such as local people and hotel guests, different from the daytime with relatively high number of tourists, a narrow path in and around Higashiyama had never been a place to walk except downtown areas, partly because of the limit of opening hours of most temples and shrines.
- 原子力災害対策副本部長及び原子力災害対策本部員以外の原子力災害対策本部の職員は、内閣官房若しくは指定行政機関の職員又は指定地方行政機関の長若しくはその職員のうちから、内閣総理大臣が任命する。
- The officials of the nuclear emergency response headquarters other than the vice director-general(s) and the members of the nuclear emergency response headquarters shall be appointed by the Prime Minister from among the officials of the Cabinet Secretariat or designated administrative organs, or the heads or officials of designated local administrative organs.
- 国は、第二条から前条までに定めるエネルギーの需給に関する施策についての基本方針(以下「基本方針」という。)にのっとり、エネルギーの需給に関する施策を総合的に策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- The State shall be responsible for comprehensively formulating and implementing measures on energy supply and demand in conformance with the basic policy on measures on energy supply and demand prescribed in Article 2 to the preceding Article inclusive (hereinafter referred to as the 'Basic Policy').
- 地方公共団体は、基本理念にのっとり、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関し、国との適切な役割分担を踏まえて、その地方公共団体の区域の特性を生かした自主的な施策を策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- Local governments shall have the responsibility for formulating and implementing autonomous measures that reflect distinctive features of the areas of the relevant local governments with regard to the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property in accordance with the basic principles, by appropriately sharing roles with national government.
- 国は、森林の適正な整備を推進するため、地域の特性に応じた造林、保育及び伐採の計画的な推進、これらの森林の施業を効率的に行うための林道の整備、優良種苗の確保その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for the promotion of adequate development of forest such as promotion of systematic afforestation, tending and cutting best suited to the characteristics of the region, development of forest roads required for efficient forest management practices and securing of superior seedlings.
- 東アジアから東南アジアにおいて、15世紀には中国の明が海禁政策を行い、また日本の室町幕府との日明貿易(勘合貿易)が途絶した事などにより倭寇(後期倭寇)による私貿易、密貿易が活発になっていた。
- Because the Ming Dynasty in China strictly controlled overseas trade in East and South East Asia during the 15th century and the tally trade between the Muromachi shogunate and the Ming Dynasty had been disrupted, wako (koki wako, or 16th-century wako pirate-traders) actively engaged in private and illicit trades.
- 国は、中山間地域等においては、適切な農業生産活動が継続的に行われるよう農業の生産条件に関する不利を補正するための支援を行うこと等により、多面的機能の確保を特に図るための施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take specific measures for the fulfillment of multifunctional role of agriculture in hilly and mountainous areas, by providing support to compensate disadvantages in agricultural production conditions so that such areas can maintain adequate agricultural production activities.
- 国は、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用を促進するため、大学等及び事業者と緊密な連携協力を図りながら、知的財産に関する専門的知識を有する人材の確保、養成及び資質の向上に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall take necessary measures to promote the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property, such as securing and developing human resources that have expert knowledge on intellectual property and improving their quality in close cooperation and coordination with universities, etc. and business operators.
- 国は、ものづくり基盤産業における新規創業等の円滑化を図るため、ものづくり事業者に対する施設、人材、情報等の提供、資金の円滑な供給等新規創業等に係る支援機能の充実に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to ensure the facilitation of new start-ups and other developments in the core manufacturing industry, the State shall take the necessary measures for enhancing the support functions pertaining to new start-ups and other developments, such as providing facilities, human resources, information and other resources, and efficiently supplying funds to manufacturing business operators.
- 主務大臣及び文部科学大臣は、同意集積区域における特定事業者による企業立地又は事業高度化に伴って新たに必要となる知識及び技術の習得を促進するための施策を積極的に推進するよう努めなければならない。
- The competent ministers and the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology shall endeavor to actively put forward measures for promoting the learning of knowledge and skills to be newly required as a result of the establishment of new business facilities and business innovation by a specified business operator in an agreed cluster zone.
- また、近隣間の些細なトラブルでさえ暴力によって解決される傾向にあった、そのため、秀吉は刀狩と並行して武器の使用による紛争の解決を全国的に禁止(喧嘩停止令)し、この施策は江戸幕府にも継承された。
- People would often resort to force to solve even trivial matters, and Hideyoshi addressed this by prohibiting any conflict resolution using weapons (kenka choji rei (edict prohibiting quarrel and fighting)) throughout the nation in parallel with katanagari edict, which was inherited by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- また現地の港湾からの流通に対する独占的権利を確立して港湾支配を確立したものの、逆に特権によって他者の流通を妨げる存在に成長したために楽市楽座政策によって座とともに解体に追い込まれたものもある。
- There were also some Toimaru which monopolized the rights over the transport business in ports, and there were even some which, under the policy of the 'rakuichi-rakuza' (Free Market, Free Guilds), were forced to dissolve their business and guild that had become far too powerful for the smooth and fair operations of transportation business in the ports.
- 後期倭寇はそれまでの倭寇と違い通交権を盾にした統制の効かない相手であり、朝鮮王朝は有効な対策を打ち出せないまま、1588年の豊臣秀吉の海賊停止令により倭寇が終息するまで苦しめられることになる。
- Unlike the cases of early wako pirates, the Korean Dynasty could not take advantage of the benefit of trading rights in order to control the late wako, and they had suffered troubles caused by the late wako without any effective countermeasures until Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI issued the Kaizoku Teishirei (act to ban the piracy) in 1588.
- 消費者は、食品の安全性の確保に関する知識と理解を深めるとともに、食品の安全性の確保に関する施策について意見を表明するように努めることによって、食品の安全性の確保に積極的な役割を果たすものとする。
- Consumers shall play an active role in ensuring Food safety by endeavoring to improve their own knowledge and understanding of Food safety and by making efforts to express their opinions about policies to ensure Food safety.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言があった時から原子力緊急事態解除宣言があるまでの間においては、当該原子力緊急事態宣言に係る原子力緊急事態については、災害対策基本法第二章第三節及び第百七条の規定は、適用しない。
- During the period from the issuance of a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation to the issuance of a declaration of the cancellation of a nuclear emergency situation, the provisions of Chapter II, Section 3 and Article 107 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures shall not apply to the nuclear emergency situation pertaining to said declaration of a nuclear emergency situation.
- 11月26日には衆議院法務委員会に服部学長と同学会委員長が喚問される事態となり、政府(第3次吉田内閣)および与党自由党はこの事件をきっかけに大学への警官の自由な立ち入りを認めさせようと画策した。
- The president of the university Hattori and the chairman of the Dogakukai were summoned to the Lower House Judicial Affairs Committee on November 26, and the Government (the third Yoshida cabinet) and the ruling Liberal Party planned, taking advantage of this incident, to make it possible for the police to enter the university campus freely.
- 国は、第二条から第五条までに定める食料、農業及び農村に関する施策についての基本理念(以下「基本理念」という。)にのっとり、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策を総合的に策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
- The national government is responsible for formulating and implementing comprehensive policies for food, agriculture and rural areas, pursuant to the basic principles of the policies for food, agriculture and rural areas prescribed in Articles 2 to 5 (hereinafter referred to as the 'basic principles'.)
- 国は、国及び地方公共団体の試験研究機関、大学並びに事業者が互いに補完することにより産業技術力の強化の効果的な実施が図られることにかんがみ、これらの者の間の連携の強化に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The national government shall, considering that enhancing Industrial Technology Capability can be effectively promoted when the research and development institutes of the national government and local governments, universities and business operators supplement each other, take necessary measures for strengthening the coordination of these entities.
- 国は、林産物の適切な利用の促進に資するため、林産物の利用の意義に関する知識の普及及び情報の提供、林産物の新たな需要の開拓、建物及び工作物における木材の使用の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as disseminating the knowledge on the significance of forest products' utilization and providing relevant information, stimulating new demand for forest products, and promoting the use of woods in buildings and structures, to contribute to the promotion of adequate utilization of forest products.
- その後善徳女王(632年~647年)のもとで実力者となった金春秋(後の太宗武烈王)は積極的に唐化政策を採用するようになり、654年に武烈王(~661年)として即位すると、更に両国の間は親密化する。
- Afterwards, Kim Chunchu (later to become King Taejong Muyeol), who gained a lot of power under Princess Sondoku (632 - 647), proactively adopted the Tang Dynasty system, and when he took the throne as King Taejong (654 - 661) in 654, their kingdoms grew even closer.
- そのため、汲み取ったし尿は周辺の海域に投棄されることが多かったが、国際条約によってし尿の海洋投棄が禁止されることになり、下水道の整備や浄化槽の設置に対する補助金制度の拡充などの施策が進められている。
- That was why collected human wastes were often dumped in the surrounding sea areas, but according to an international treaty the dumping of human wastes at sea was banned and the measures such as the improvement of bounty system for the maintenance of sewage lines or the installation of septic tanks have been promoted.
- 真言宗の建て直しを図るが、この強硬策に当然に反発した上下の僧派閥は覚鑁と激しく対立、遂に1140年、覚鑁の自所であった金剛峯寺境内の密厳院を急襲してこれを焼き払ったうえ金剛峯寺追放という凶行に出る。
- He tried to rebuild Shingon sect, but naturally, higher and lower priest factions revolted against his hard-line measures and were bitterly confronted Kakuban, and finally in 1140, they went on a rampage to conduct a raid on Kakuban's living place, Mitsugonin Temple, in the precincts of Kongobuji Temple to burn it, and banished him from Kongobuji Temple.
- 日本より高い削減目標を掲げた 欧州連合 などの西欧諸国が抑制に努めているのに対し、日本では +0.6% どころか +8% と増加しており、この状況になっても政府当局は効果的な対策を実施できずにいる。
- Western countries such as European Union, having a higher reduction target than Japan, aggressively promote the suppress of the emissions, while in Japan, the emissions amount increases not by +0.6% but by +8%, and in spite of facing such a situation, the government authority cannot take effective measures at present.
- だが、江戸時代中期以後商品作物の生産が広まってくると都市周辺部の農村など本来は米の生産が可能な地域においてもなし崩しに買納制が行われていき、江戸幕府さえもが事実上の黙認政策を採らざるを得なくなった。
- However, as the production of commercial crops became widely spread during the mid-Edo period, baino-sei was carried out even in suburban villages where rice can be produced, to which the Edo bakufu virtually took an acquiescence policy.
- 菊池契月― 『赤童子』1926、『経政』1926、『敦盛』1927、『南波照間』1928、『少女』1932、『友禅の少女』1933、『散策』1934、『交歓』1938、『小楠公弟兄』1943、『供燈』
- Keigetsu KIKUCHI, 'Akadoji' (赤童子) (A Child with a Red Face) 1926, 'Keisei' (経政) 1926, 'Atsumori' (敦盛) 1927, 'Paipatiroma' (南波照間) 1928, 'Shojo' (少女) (A Girl) 1932, 'Yuzen no Shojo' (友禅の少女) (A Girl in Yuzen Kimono) 1933, 'Sansaku' (散策) (A Walk) 1934, 'Kokan' (交歓) 1938, 'Shonanko Ototoe' (小楠公弟兄) 1943, 'Kuto' (供燈)
- 1995年(平成7年)の閣議決定(開館準備の推進)及び1999年(平成11年)の閣議決定(設置の推進)を経て、厚生労働省の重点施策「若年者雇用対策の推進」の一つとして国により設置が推進及び促進された。
- Following cabinet decisions to prepare for the building of the facility, taken in 1995, and to implement the plan to establish it, taken in 1999, the government promoted its creation as part of the policy surrounding the 'Promotion of Youth Employment Measures' of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.
- 儒教、とりわけ朱子学を重んじる政策をとった江戸幕府も、その一方で、寺領を安堵し、伽藍の整備をも推進していたが、それと同時に僧侶の統制をはかる目的から、各宗の僧に対して設けられたのが、寺院諸法度である。
- While the Edo bakufu (the Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) adopted a policy to respect Confucianism, particularly Neo-Confucianism, it promulgated the Jiin Sho-Hatto for Buddhist priests belonging to each sect with the aim of controlling those priests, as well as approving the ownership of temple estates and promoting the maintenance of Buddhist temples.
- 国、地方公共団体、原子力事業者並びに指定公共機関及び指定地方公共機関は、原子力災害予防対策、緊急事態応急対策及び原子力災害事後対策が円滑に実施されるよう、相互に連携を図りながら協力しなければならない。
- The State, local governments, nuclear operators, and designated public institutions and designated local public institutions shall, for the purpose of ensuring the smooth implementation of measures to prevent nuclear emergency, emergency response measures and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency, cooperate with each other through the promotion of mutual coordination.
- 農林水産大臣は、前項の伝染性疾病を定める農林水産省令を制定し、又は改廃しようとするときは、厚生労働大臣の公衆衛生の見地からの意見を聴くとともに、食料・農業・農村政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries must, when intending to enact, amend or abolish Ordinances of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries specifying the infectious diseases in the preceding paragraph, first consult the opinion of the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare from the perspective of public hygiene, and must also consult the opinion of the Council of Food, Agriculture and Rural Area Policies.
- 室町時代初期、南北朝時代 (日本)に最盛期を迎え、やがて戦国時代 (日本)以降、寺院勢力のそぎ落としを狙う支配者たちの政策のもとに衰えていったが、この酒の味を引き継ごうと志す奈良流の造り酒屋は多かった。
- Bodaisen was in its prime in the early Muromachi period (in other words, the period of the Northern and Southern Courts), and after a while, from the Period of Warring States, it went into decline under the Japan rulers' policies to weaken the power of temples, but still, there were many sake brewers who would inherit the brewing method of Bodaisen from Nara temples.
- 農林水産大臣は、第一項の規定により公示すべき事項を定めようとするときは、水産政策審議会の意見を聴かなければならない。ただし、前項の農林水産省令で定める緊急を要する特別の事情があるときは、この限りでない。
- When the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Minister is going to decide the matters to be publicly notified pursuant to the provision of paragraph (1), he/she shall hear the opinions of the Fisheries Policy Council; provided that the same shall not apply if there is any special circumstance requiring urgency prescribed in the Ordinary of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of the preceding paragraph.
- 地方公共団体は、小売業を行うための店舗の立地に関し、その周辺の地域の生活環境を保持するために必要な施策を講ずる場合においては、地域的な需給状況を勘案することなく、この法律の趣旨を尊重して行うものとする。
- A local public entity shall, when taking the necessary measures, with regard to the location of a store to conduct retail business, for preserving the living environment of the surrounding area, respect the purport of this Act, without taking into account the supply-demand situation of the region.
- 信長からは丹波国を平定させた明智光秀の軍を送るとの返事を得たものの、1日も早く備中高松城を落城させよという厳しい命が下り、秀吉が不安と焦りに駆られていたころ、軍師・黒田官兵衛孝高が水攻めの策を進言した。
- While Nobunaga replied that he would send the troops of Mitsuhide AKECHI, who had subjugated Tanba Province, but gave strict orders to conquer Bitchu Takamatsu-jo Castle as soon as possible, Hideyoshi, alarmed and frustrated, heard his strategist Kanbei Yoshitaka KURODA offer an idea of using inundation tactics.
- 日本銀行は、おおむね六月に一回、政策委員会が議決した第十五条第一項各号に掲げる事項の内容及びそれに基づき日本銀行が行った業務の状況を記載した報告書を作成し、財務大臣を経由して国会に提出しなければならない。
- The Bank of Japan shall, approximately every six months, prepare a written report on the Policy Board resolutions regarding the matters listed in the items of Article 15, paragraph 1 and conditions of business operations that the Bank has conducted based thereon and submit it to the Diet through the Minister of Finance.
- 明治時代になると近代国家に脱皮するためには中世封建制社会の身分制度を破棄することは避けて通れないと考えられ、政府により江戸時代の身分制度が廃止され四民平等(しみんびょうどう)の政策が採られることになった。
- In the Meiji period, it was considered that Japan would not be able to develop into a modern nation unless it broke away from its class system based in the medieval feudal society: therefore the government abolished the class system from the Edo period and enacted the policy of shimin byodo (the equality of four classes).
- しかし、同藩の桂小五郎(のちの木戸孝允)や久坂玄瑞、久留米の神官・真木和泉ら尊王攘夷派は、幕府の権力強化につながるこの策に猛反対し、長井は失脚させられて、以後長州の藩論は尊王攘夷の最過激派へと転換される。
- However, Kogoro KATSURA (later Koin KIDO) and Genzui KUSAKA from the Choshu clan, and people of Sonno Joi ha, such as Izumi MAKI of Kurume, firmly opposed this policy because they thought it would lead to a restrengthening of the bakufu's power, and thus they brought down Nagai, and the Choshu clan returned to the radical Sonno Joi philosophy of restoring power to the emperor and expelling foreigners.
- 対外政策としては明に替わり日本がその中心になる華夷思想を打ち出し、ルソン・琉球国・高山国(当時、台湾に存在すると考えられていた国)・李氏朝鮮などに服属と朝貢を求める武威を背景にした強硬政策を推進している。
- In regards to diplomatic policy, Hideyoshi insisted 'Sinocentrism' in which Japan would be the center instead of Ming and based on military force, applied a hard-line policy that required Luzon, Ryukyukoku, Takasagun (the country believed to exist in Taiwan in those days), Joseon Dynasty and others to yield allegiance and bring tributes to Japan.
- スエヒロの当時の社長が、しゃぶしゃぶを始めたきっかけは『夏場に焼肉が売れないため』の対策であり、冬の料理と思われがちなしゃぶしゃぶだが、実際は夏の料理であり、俳句の季語として使うのであれば、『夏』が正しい。
- The president of Suehiro at the time introduced sukiyaki for the reason that 'it was not possible to sell yakiniku (grilled meat) during summertime,' and shabu-shabu, which is often considered to be a winter dish, is actually a typical summer dish.
- 登録施設利用促進機関は、施設利用研究の促進のための方策に関する調査研究その他の目的で、特定先端大型研究施設のうち研究者等の共用に供する部分を利用しようとするときは、文部科学大臣の承認を受けなければならない。
- The Registered Institution for Facilities Use Promotion shall obtain approval of the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology when it intends to use the portion of the Specific Advanced Large Research Facilities that is made available for public utilization by the Researchers, etc. for the purpose of research and study of measures for promoting the Researches Utilizing Facilities or for other purposes.
- 国は、国民の森林及び林業に対する理解と関心を深めるとともに、健康的でゆとりのある生活に資するため、都市と山村との間の交流の促進、公衆の保健又は教育のための森林の利用の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as encouraging exchanges between urban and mountain villages, and promoting public health or use of forests for education , in order to enhance public understanding and awareness of forest and forestry and to contribute to healthy and comfortable life.
- このため、穀倉院領となった旧勧学田を大学寮に返還することは、財政政策上採るところではなかった朝廷はその代償として、穀倉院から一部学生への学問料支給を行うことで大学寮側からの不満の緩和に努めたと考えられている。
- Under such circumstances, the Imperial court couldn't return the former kangakuden, which was then the territory of Kokuso-in, to Daigaku-ryo and intended to ease the dissatisfaction of Daigaku-ryo by getting Kokuso-in to grant Gakumonryo to selected students in return.
- 折から建設中の1994年(平成6年)、建設省はダム・ダム湖を地域活性化の要とし、観光地としての価値をダムに持たせ地域振興に寄与する事を目的にダムの積極的な一般開放を目指して「地域に開かれたダム」施策を実施した。
- In 1994, when it was still under construction, regarding dams and dam lakes as essential for regional development, the Construction Ministry promoted the policy of 'Dams Friendly and Open to the Regions' in the aim of making dams contribute to regional economic development by actively opening them to the public and by promoting them as tourist attractions.
- 国は、地域の農業における効率的な農業生産の確保に資するため、集落を基礎とした農業者の組織その他の農業生産活動を共同して行う農業者の組織、委託を受けて農作業を行う組織等の活動の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for promoting agricultural activities by cooperative organizations including those based in rural communities and organizations which operate commissioned farming, in order to contribute to secure efficient agricultural production in the local agriculture.
- 政策内容を見ると、制限令としては「酒株の設定」「寒造り以外の禁」「酒株天明の酒株改め」「酒株運上金の導入の導入」「下り酒の江戸入津制限」などが、奨励令としては「酒株宝暦の勝手造り令」「藩造酒の許可」などがある。
- The examples of measures include 'establishment of the sakekabu' (an official certificate of sake brewing), 'prohibition of sake other than sake made in the winter,' 'Tenmei revision of the sakekabu system,' 'introduction of business taxes on the sakekabu,' 'restrictions on port entry of sake shipped from Kyoto and Osaka to Edo' and so on as the restriction decrees and 'Horeki katte-zukuri decree (the deregulation policy to promote sake brewing),' 'permission of sake brewed by the domains' and so on as promotion decrees.
- 原子力事業者は、他の原子力事業者の原子力事業所に係る緊急事態応急対策が必要である場合には、原子力防災要員の派遣、原子力防災資機材の貸与その他当該緊急事態応急対策の実施に必要な協力をするよう努めなければならない。
- A nuclear operator shall, where there is a need to take emergency response measures pertaining to the nuclear site of another nuclear operator, make efforts to dispatch nuclear disaster prevention staff, lend materials and equipment for nuclear disaster prevention and provide any other cooperation necessary for implementing said emergency response measures.
- 政府は、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する施策の総合的かつ計画的な推進を図るため、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する基本的な計画(以下この条において「ものづくり基盤技術基本計画」という。)を策定しなければならない。
- The government shall formulate a basic plan on the promotion of core manufacturing technology (hereinafter referred to as the 'basic plan on core manufacturing technology' in this Article) in order to drive forward measures on the promotion of core manufacturing technology in a comprehensive and organized manner.
- 国は、国、地方公共団体、大学等及び事業者が相互に連携を図りながら協力することにより、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用の効果的な実施が図られることにかんがみ、これらの者の間の連携の強化に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall, in light of the fact that mutual cooperation and coordination between national government, local governments, universities, etc. and business operators can effectively achieve the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property, take necessary measures to strengthen coordination between these parties.
- 第十五条第一項各号(第十二号及び第十三号を除く。)及び第二項各号に掲げる業務のうち、特別会計に関する法律第八十五条第二項に規定する燃料安定供給対策及び同条第三項に規定するエネルギー需給構造高度化対策に関する業務
- Out of the functions listed in the items of Article 15, paragraph (1) (excluding item (xii) and item (xiii)) and the items of Article 15, paragraph (2), the functions concerning measures for a stable fuel supply as prescribed in Article 85, paragraph (2) of the Act on Special Accounts and the measures for the enhancement of the energy supply-demand structure as prescribed in paragraph (3) of said Article;
- ロシアは閔妃を通じ売り払われた鍾城・鏡源の鉱山採掘権や朝鮮北部の森林伐採権、関税権などの国家基盤を取得し朝鮮半島での影響力を増したが、ロシアの進める南下政策に危機感を持っていた日本がこれらを買い戻し回復させた。
- Japan became alarmed when Russia enhanced its grip and influence over the Korean peninsula by acquiring vital state assets such as the mining rights in Chongsong and Gyeongwon sold off by Empress Myeongsong, timber rights in the north, and tariff rights, and purchased back and restored many of these.
- 都市基盤におけるインフラ整備は大きく分けると、長々期的な計画の元に国家や地方公共団体が政策主導で行なう数十年単位のものと、5 -10年程度の間隔において比較的短期間に目標を達成して収益や効果を期待するものがある。
- Broadly speaking, urban infrastructure improvement includes projects carried out by the state or local government based on long-term plans over tens of years, and those aiming to be completed and become profitable within a relatively short period of 5-10 years.
- 政府は、エネルギーをめぐる情勢の変化を勘案し、及びエネルギーに関する施策の効果に関する評価を踏まえ、少なくとも三年ごとに、エネルギー基本計画に検討を加え、必要があると認めるときには、これを変更しなければならない。
- The government shall review the Basic Energy Plan at least once every three years by taking into consideration the changes in the situation concerning energy and based on an evaluation of the effects of measures concerning energy, and if it finds necessary, make changes to the plan.
- 日本銀行の監事は、前項の規定による財務大臣又は内閣総理大臣の求めがあったときは、速やかに当該求めがあった事項について監査し、その結果を財務大臣又は内閣総理大臣に報告するとともに、政策委員会に報告しなければならない。
- When a request has been made from the Minister of Finance or the Prime Minister as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the Auditors of the Bank of Japan shall promptly audit such matters and report the results thereof to the Minister of Finance or the Prime Minister and also to the Policy Board.
- 国は、国及び地方公共団体の試験研究機関並びに大学における研究及び開発の成果が事業活動において活用されることが産業技術力の強化に重要であることにかんがみ、当該成果の事業者への移転の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The national government shall, considering that it is important for the enhancing of Industrial Technology Capability that the results of research and development at research and development institutes of the national government and local governments and universities be utilized for business activities, take the necessary measures for promoting the transfer of those results to business operators.
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、食品の安全性の確保のために必要な措置が食品供給行程の各段階において適切に講じられるようにするため、関係行政機関の相互の密接な連携の下に、これが行われなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, close and mutual coordination among relevant administrative organs shall be made to create the necessary measures for ensuring Food safety to be appropriately taken at each stage of the Food Supply Processes.
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な農業経営を担うべき人材の育成及び確保を図るため、農業者の農業の技術及び経営管理能力の向上、新たに就農しようとする者に対する農業の技術及び経営方法の習得の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as improving technical and management skills of farmers, and encouraging those to be engaging in farming to acquire agricultural technologies and management methods, in order to develop and secure human resources who play a major role in efficient and stable farm management.
- 日本画の誕生は、明治政府の欧化政策のもとでの西洋文化の急速な流入に対する国粋主義的な危機感と、当時のアメリカ合衆国でヨーロッパ由来の文化との対抗軸を模索していたフェノロサとの出会いと共感が造り出したものかもしれない。
- Nihon-ga may have been a product of a nationalistic feeling of crisis due to the rapid influx of western culture under the Meiji government's westernization policy combined with an affinity felt in the encounter with Fenollosa who sought to create a foothold in America to counter the dominance of European culture.
- この法律は、平成十八年四月一日から施行する。ただし、附則第十六条の規定は、この法律の公布の日又は地球温暖化対策の推進に関する法律の一部を改正する法律(平成十七年法律第六十一号)の公布の日のいずれか遅い日から施行する。
- This Act shall come into effect as from April 1, 2006; provided, however, that the provision of Article 16 of the Supplementary Provisions shall come into effect as from the date of promulgation of this Act or the date of promulgation of the Act for Partial Revision of the Act on Promotion of Measures to Cope with Global Warming (Act No. 61 of 2005), whichever comes later.
- 日本銀行は、前項の規定による財務大臣又は内閣総理大臣の求めがあったときは、速やかに当該行為の是正その他の政策委員会が必要と認める措置を講ずるとともに、当該措置の内容を財務大臣又は内閣総理大臣に報告しなければならない。
- When a request has been made from the Minister of Finance or the Prime Minister as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the Bank of Japan shall promptly take measures which the Policy Board finds necessary, such as rectifying the said acts, and report those measures to the Minister of Finance or the Prime Minister.
- 日本銀行の総裁若しくは政策委員会の議長又はそれらの指定する代理者は、日本銀行の業務及び財産の状況について各議院又はその委員会から説明のため出席することを求められたときは、当該各議院又は委員会に出席しなければならない。
- The Bank of Japan's Governor or the chairperson of the Policy Board, or a representative designated by them, shall attend the sessions of the House of Representatives, the House of Councillors, or their Committees when requested by them, in order to explain the state of the Bank's business operations and property.
- 国は、ものづくり基盤技術の水準の向上を図るため、ものづくり基盤技術に関する研究開発の実施及びその成果の普及、技術の指導、技術者の研修、特許権その他の工業所有権に関する指導及び情報の提供等必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to improve the level of core manufacturing technology, the State shall take any necessary measures such as the implementation of research and development concerning core manufacturing technology and dissemination of the results thereof, guidance on technology, training for engineers, and guidance and provision of information on patent rights and other industrial property rights.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言があった時から原子力緊急事態解除宣言があるまでの間においては、当該原子力緊急事態宣言に係る原子力緊急事態に関しては、災害対策基本法第五十条、第五十四条、第五十九条及び第六十六条の規定は、適用しない。
- During the period from the issuance of a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation to the issuance of a declaration of the cancellation of a nuclear emergency situation, the provisions of Articles 50, 54, 59 and 66 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures shall not apply to a nuclear emergency situation pertaining to said declaration of a nuclear emergency situation.
- 国は、水産加工業及び水産流通業の健全な発展を図るため、事業活動に伴う環境への負荷の低減及び資源の有効利用の確保に配慮しつつ、事業基盤の強化、漁業との連携の推進、水産物の流通の合理化その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as enhancement of business base, promotion of coordination with fisheries and rationalization of marine products marketing for the sound development of fishery processing industry and fishery marketing with consideration to the reduction of adverse effects to environment caused by the business operation and maintenance of effective utilization of resources.
- 9世紀末~10世紀初年に醍醐天皇及び藤原時平が主導した律令制復活の最後の試みである延喜の治が失敗に終わると、次代の朱雀天皇及び藤原忠平は、個別人身支配を基調とする体制から土地課税基調の体制へと大きな政策転回を行った。
- When the Engi no chi (Reign of the Emperor Daigo), the last attempt for reviving the Ritsuryo system led by the Emperor Daigo and FUJIWARA no Tokihira during the period from the end of the 9th century to the early 10th century, ended in failure, the emperor Suzaku, his successor, and FUJIWARA no Tadahira made a bold policy change from the principle of people-based governance to that of tax on land.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言があったときは、当該原子力緊急事態宣言に係る緊急事態応急対策実施区域を管轄する都道府県知事及び市町村長は、当該原子力緊急事態に関し災害対策基本法第二十三条第一項に規定する災害対策本部を設置するものとする。
- When a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation has been issued, prefectural governors and mayors of municipalities who have jurisdiction over the emergency response measures implementation area pertaining to said declaration of a nuclear emergency situation shall establish headquarters for disaster control as prescribed in Article 23, paragraph 1 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures with regard to said nuclear emergency situation.
- 日本銀行は、第一項の規定による財務大臣の承認を受けたときは、遅滞なく、財務諸表、前項の決算報告書及び前二項の監事の意見書を、本店及び支店に備え置き、政策委員会が適当と認めて定める相当期間、一般の閲覧に供しなければならない。
- When having received the approval from the Minister of Finance as prescribed in paragraph 1, the Bank of Japan shall, without delay, keep the financial statements, the statement of accounts set forth in the preceding paragraph, and the Auditors' written opinions set forth in the preceding two paragraphs at its head office and branch offices and make them available for public inspection for a period determined by the Policy Board as appropriate.
- 政府は、ものづくり基盤技術をめぐる経済的社会的状況、政府がものづくり基盤技術の振興に関して講じた施策の効果等を勘案して、適宜、ものづくり基盤技術基本計画に検討を加え、必要があると認めるときは、これを変更しなければならない。
- The government shall, if necessary, review the basic plan on core manufacturing technology taking into consideration such matters as the economic and social circumstances concerning core manufacturing technology and the effects of the measures considered by the government with regard to the promotion of core manufacturing technology, and when the government finds it necessary, it shall modify the basic plan on core manufacturing technology.
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な漁業経営を担うべき人材の育成及び確保を図るため、漁業者の漁業の技術及び経済管理能力の向上、新たに漁業に就業しようとする者に対する漁業の技術及び経営方法の習得の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as improving technical and management skills of fisheries and promoting acquisition of technical and management skills of fisheries for those who will be newly engaged in fishery in order to develop and maintain human resources who will be responsible for efficient and stable fishery management.
- ただし、西日本の(急傾斜)棚田では、大規模化をしようとすると斜面を大きく削らなくてはならず、のり面の土砂崩れ対策など付帯工事の費用が莫大となるため、大規模化されなかったり、営農放棄されたりして荒廃していくところも多く見られた。
- However, in the case of Tanada (on a steep slope) in western Japan, the slope would have to be cut away on a large scale if agricultural fields were to be enlarged, and ancillary works including prevention of mudslides on the slope would involve enormous cost, so many of the rice terraces were not enlarged, or were abandoned and degraded.
- 国は、国民が広く知的財産に対する理解と関心を深めることにより、知的財産権が尊重される社会を実現できるよう、知的財産に関する教育及び学習の振興並びに広報活動等を通じた知的財産に関する知識の普及のために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall take the necessary measures to promote education and learning on intellectual property and disseminate knowledge on intellectual property through public relations activities, etc. in order to develop a society in which intellectual property rights are respected, through making citizens more aware of and deepening its interest in intellectual property.
- 一方で、林野庁は花粉症対策の重点をスギの選択的な間伐に求めてきたが、2006年、花粉の抑制効果について誤解を招く発表をしていたことがマスコミの指摘により明らかになり、従来からの植え替えに消極的な姿勢に疑問が持たれることもあった。
- On the other hand, the Forestry Agency focused its pollinosis countermeasures on the selective felling Japanese cedar trees but in 2006 the media brought to light an announcement that caused misunderstanding regarding the suppressive effect on pollen, and there is doubt surrounding the passive stance toward conventional transplantation.
- 関係各大臣は、前項ただし書の場合(関係各大臣が第十一条第一項第三号に該当すると認めた場合に限る。)においては、当該食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定の後相当の期間内に、その旨を委員会に報告し、委員会の意見を聴かなければならない。
- In cases falling under the proviso of the preceding paragraph (limited to cases recognized by the relevant ministers as falling under Article 11, paragraph (1), item (iii)), relevant ministers shall report such fact to the Commission and hear its opinions within a certain period of time after the formulation of policies to ensure the safety of the Food.
- 池上率いる長囲軍は当初、21個小隊・1個砲隊、計4,700名近くもいたが、長囲策が採られると16個小隊・2個砲隊に減少し、3月になって高瀬・山鹿・田原・植木等の北部戦線が激戦化するにつれ、増援部隊を激戦地に派遣してさらに減少した。
- The besieging army led by IKEGAMI was as big as about 4700 strong with 21 platoons and one battery in the beginning, but reduced to 16 platoons and two batteries during the drawn-out siege, and further reduced in March when they sent reinforcements to the hard-fought battlefields at the north front including Takase, Yamaga, Tabaru, and Ueki as the battles became more violent.
- 国は、この法律に基づく施策に国民の意見を反映し、関係者相互間の情報及び意見の交換の促進を図るため、生物多様性影響の評価に係る情報、前条の規定により収集し、整理し及び分析した情報その他の情報を公表し、広く国民の意見を求めるものとする。
- The government shall publicly announce information pertaining to the assessment of Adverse Effect on Biological Diversity, information that has been collected, arranged and analyzed under the provisions of the preceding Article, and other information, and broadly consult the public, in order to reflect public opinion in measures based on this Act and encourage mutual exchanges of information and opinions between the parties concerned.
- 国は、国内の農業生産に必要な農地の確保及びその有効利用を図るため、農地として利用すべき土地の農業上の利用の確保、効率的かつ安定的な農業経営を営む者に対する農地の利用の集積、農地の効率的な利用の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as securing agricultural use of land suitable for farming, promoting an intensive use of farmland by those farmers whose management is efficient and stable, and promoting effective use of farmland in order to secure and effectively use the farmland for the domestic agricultural production.
- 前項の施策を講ずるに当たっては、中小企業が我が国経済の活力の維持及び強化に果たすべき重要な使命を有するものであることにかんがみ、個人による創業及び事業意欲のある中小企業者による新事業の開拓に対する特別の配慮がなされなければならない。
- In taking the measures set forth in the preceding paragraph, national government shall specially consider business startups by individuals and the development of new businesses by small and medium sized enterprise operator with volition, in light of the fact that small and medium sized enterprises are entrusted with an important mission for maintaining and strengthening the vitality of the Japanese economy.
- 今後の課題としては、地表の水分量や植生の状態、作物の種類や分布、家畜の分布、地下水の取水状況などの継続した調査や、観測機器の整備、観測データの常時共有化、黄砂の定義や分類の統一、黄砂の予測技術の改良、対策の評価などが挙げられている。
- The following are considered as future problems to be tackled: Continuing surveying the water amount and state of flora on the earth surface, the kinds and distribution of crops, the distribution of livestock, and the continuous survey of the state in which underground water is taken up, deploying advanced observation instruments, enabling observed data to be shared anytime, unifying the definitions and classifications of kosa, improving kosa-forecasting technologies, and evaluating the measures taken.
- 知的財産戦略本部は、知的財産を取り巻く状況の変化を勘案し、並びに知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策の効果に関する評価を踏まえ、少なくとも毎年度一回、推進計画に検討を加え、必要があると認めるときには、これを変更しなければならない。
- The Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters shall, by taking into consideration of the changes in the situation surrounding intellectual property and based on the assessment of the effect of the measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property, review the strategic program at least annually and amend the program when it finds necessary.
- 1602年、石山退去時の見解の相違等をめぐる教団内部の対立状況が主因となり、これに徳川家康の宗教政策が作用して、顕如の長男である教如(1558年-1614年)が、家康から本願寺のすぐ東の土地(京都七条烏丸)を与えられ東本願寺を構えた。
- In 1602, mainly due to the confrontation in the sect over the difference of views when leaving Ishiyama, and the influence of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's policy on religion, Kyonyo (1558-161), Kennyo's oldest son, was given the nearby land to the east of Hongan-ji Temple (Shichijo-Karasuma, Kyoto City) by Ieyasu, and built Higashi Hongan-ji Temple.
- 被害の対策に当たっては、当該団体と対立関係にある宗教宗派に頼ることは避ける(対立関係にある宗教であることを隠した「被害者の会」(例として日蓮正宗主導の創価学会被害者の会や創価学会主導の顕正会被害者の会)が存在するため、注意を要する)。
- In case of asking help for the damage suffered, avoid depending on the religious sect which is opposed to the organization in question (as you should be cautious because there exists 'Victims' Group' which is hiding its religion placed in the opposing relationship, [whose examples are the Soka Gakkai victims' group led by Nichiren Shoshu sect and the Kensho-kai victims' group led by Soka Gakkai]).
- 平安時代に入ると、桓武天皇による律令制再建政策の中で延暦18年(799年)には大宰府にも明法博士が設置され、同21年(802年)には当時30名の定員があった算生の定員を10名削って、明法生を10名から20名に増やす措置が採られている。
- In the Heian period, in the restructuring policy of ritsuryo by the Emperor Kanmu, doctors of Myoho were appointed also in Dazaifu (the local government institution in Kyushu) in 799 and a measure was taken to increase the students of Myoho from 10 to 20 by cutting 10 of the fixed 30 students of Sando in 802.
- 農林水産大臣は、第一項から第三項までの規定により品質に関する表示の基準が定められることにより、当該基準に係る農林物資の生産又は流通の改善が図られると認めるときは、内閣総理大臣に対し、当該基準の案を添えて、その策定を要請することができる。
- When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries finds that the enactment of a standard for quality labeling pursuant to the provisions of paragraphs (1) to (3) improves the production or distribution of the agricultural and forestry product to which it pertains, he/she may request that the Prime Minister establish said standard by providing him/her with a draft thereof.
- 更に頼之の没後、義満は息子足利義持に将軍職を譲って自らは出家するが、幕府の実権を握り続け、表面上引退しているために自らは召集できない公式な評定に代わって自ら主宰する御前沙汰を開いて幕府の政策決定を行い、将軍義持はこれに従う存在となった。
- After Yoriyuki died, Yoshimitsu abdicated the office of shogun in favor of his son Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA and entered the priesthood, yet he kept controlling the bakufu and made bakufu's policy decisions by chairing and holding gozen-sata instead of formal consultations, which nominally retired shogun Yoshimitsu could not convene -- and the shogun Yoshimochi followed the decisions.
- 締約当時に開発途上国と見なされた中華人民共和国・インドなどが、その後順調な経済的発展を遂げ、非効率的なエネルギー政策で大量に温室効果ガスを発生させ、世界有数の排出国となっているにも関わらず、何ら義務を負っていないことも問題視されている。
- Countries such as People's Republic of China and India, which were regarded as developing countries at the time of ratification, have economically developed steadily afterward and they have come to produced a massive amount of greenhouse gases to be the world's top-class emitter due to their inefficient energy policies; accordingly, it is problematic that they have not undertaken any obligation in spite of such a situation.
- こうした政策は公家政権では後嵯峨天皇・亀山天皇院政期、武家政権では北条時宗・北条貞時政権(安達泰盛補佐)期にあたる文永・弘安年間に最高潮に達し、いわゆる「弘安徳政」のもとで各種の神領興行が行われたほか、寺院に対しても同様の措置が見られた。
- The policy was culminated in the Bunei era and Koan era which corresponded to the period of the cloistered emperor's governments by Emperor Gosaga and Emperor Kameyama in the imperial court administration, and the period of the government led by Tokimune HOJO and the government led by Sadatoki HOJO (Yasumori ADACHI as an advisor), when various kinds of Shinryo Kogyo were conducted to shrines and similar policies were also conducted to the temples under the so-called 'Koan Tokusei.'
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、食品の安全性の確保に関する教育及び学習の振興並びに食品の安全性の確保に関する広報活動の充実により国民が食品の安全性の確保に関する知識と理解を深めるために必要な措置が講じられなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, necessary measures for improving knowledge and understanding of ensuring Food safety among citizens shall be taken by promoting education and learning and improving public relations activities on ensuring Food safety.
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、科学的知見の充実に努めることが食品の安全性の確保上重要であることにかんがみ、試験研究の体制の整備、研究開発の推進及びその成果の普及、研究者の養成その他の必要な措置が講じられなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, necessary measures, such as establishment of test and research systems, promotion of research and development, dissemination of results thereof and training of researchers, shall be taken in consideration that efforts to improve scientific knowledge are important for ensuring Food safety.
- 義政夫人の日野富子に子(足利義尚)が誕生した後は義政が次期将軍と約束していた弟の足利義視を排斥しようとして策謀し、三管領の1つの斯波氏の家督問題にも介入し、1466年(文正1年)に対立する細川勝元らによる文正の政変で貞親らとともに失脚する。
- After Tomiko HINO, the wife of Shogun Yoshimasa, had a son (Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA), he not only plotted to out Yoshimi ASHIKAGA, Yoshimasa's younger brother, to whom Yoshimasa had promised that he would hand over the shogunate, but also interfered in the succession dispute in the Shiba clan, one of the three Kanrei (family in the post of shogunal deputy to the Muromachi Shogunate), but he fell from power along with Sadachika and others in the Bunsho Coup caused by the opposition such as Katsumoto HOSOKAWA in 1466.
- 緊急事態応急対策 第十五条第二項の規定による原子力緊急事態宣言があった時から同条第四項の規定による原子力緊急事態解除宣言があるまでの間において、原子力災害(原子力災害が生ずる蓋然性を含む。)の拡大の防止を図るため実施すべき応急の対策をいう。
- emergency response measures means temporary measures that should be implemented in order to prevent the progression (expansion) of a nuclear disaster (including the probability of the occurrence of a nuclear disaster) during the period from the issuance of a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation under the provisions of Article 15, paragraph 2 to the issuance of a declaration of the cancellation of a nuclear emergency situation under the provisions of paragraph 4 of said Article;
- 国は、インターネットの普及その他社会経済情勢の変化に伴う知的財産の利用方法の多様化に的確に対応した知的財産権の適正な保護が図られるよう、権利の内容の見直し、事業者の技術的保護手段の開発及び利用に対する支援その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall take necessary measures, such as reviewing the contents of rights and supporting business operators in developing and utilizing their technical means for protection, in order to achieve proper protection of intellectual property rights while precisely responding to the diversified applications of intellectual property along with the dissemination of the Internet and other changes in social and economic circumstances.
- 当初は学生が東西いずれの曹に属するかという規定は定まっていなかったが、文章生が文章得業生となり対策を受ける際には所属する曹とは反対の曹の文章博士から出題を受けることとなっていたため、当然その頃にはいずれかの曹に属していなければならなかった。
- Although it was not defined which of the toso and seiso the students were to belong at the beginning, when monjosho became Monjo tokugosho (Distinguished Scholars of Letters) and took taisaku (civil service examination), it was decided that the Monjo hakase of the so other than that the monjosho belonged to set the examination, which meant that the monjosho had to belong to either the toso or the seiso by that time.
- このダム建設によって日吉町の188世帯が水没する事になり、「宮村ダム」計画発表の1961年に「日吉ダム対策協議会天若同盟」を住民は結成し、以来1984年(昭和59年)9月に補償交渉が妥結するまでの24年間、町を挙げた強固な反対運動を展開した。
- Because 188 households in Hiyoshi-cho were to be submerged through the building of this dam, the residents formed 'Hiyoshi Dam Taisakukyogikai Amawaka Domei' (Amawaka Association, Hiyoshi Dam Opposition Movement) in 1961 when the plan to build 'Miyamura Dam' was announced, and they staged an uncompromising opposition movement against the plan involving people of the whole town for twenty-four years until September 1984 when the compensation negotiations were settled.
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、食品の表示が食品の安全性の確保に関し重要な役割を果たしていることにかんがみ、食品の表示の制度の適切な運用の確保その他食品に関する情報を正確に伝達するために必要な措置が講じられなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, necessary measures for accurately transmitting the information on Food, such as ensuring the appropriate operation of a Food labeling system, shall be taken in consideration that Food labeling plays an important role in ensuring Food safety.
- 国は、産業技術力の強化の効果的な実施を図るため、国の資金により行われる研究及び開発の適切な評価を行い、その結果を予算の配分へ反映させること等により、産業技術に関する研究及び開発に係る資金の重点化及び効率化の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to promote effective implementation of enhancing Industrial Technology Capability, the national government shall take necessary measures for promoting the prioritization of funds for research and development related to Industrial Technologies and increasing the efficiency thereof, by means of implementing suitable evaluation of the researches and developments carried out using national funds and having the results thereof reflected in budget allocations.
- 国は、食品産業が食料の供給において果たす役割の重要性にかんがみ、その健全な発展を図るため、事業活動に伴う環境への負荷の低減及び資源の有効利用の確保に配慮しつつ、事業基盤の強化、農業との連携の推進、流通の合理化その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as enhancing business base, encouraging closer cooperation with agriculture, streamlining its distribution system, in order to promote the sound development of food industry in view of an importance of its role in stable food supply with proper consideration to the reduction of adverse effects to be caused by the business operation on the environment and ensuring effective use of the resources.
- 国は、熟練ものづくり労働者(熟練ものづくり労働者であった者を含む。以下この条において同じ。)の有する技能及び知識の有効な活用並びにものづくり基盤技術の継承を図るため、熟練ものづくり労働者に対する技術指導業務の委嘱等必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to ensure the effective use of the skills and knowledge of skilled manufacturing workers (including those who have been skilled manufacturing workers in the past; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) and to have core manufacturing technology succeeded, the State shall take the necessary measures such as commissioning skilled manufacturing workers to provide technical guidance services.
- 国及び地方公共団体は、森林及び林業に関する施策を講ずるに当たっては、林業従事者、森林及び林業に関する団体並びに木材産業その他の林産物の流通及び加工の事業(以下「木材産業等」という。)の事業者がする自主的な努力を支援することを旨とするものとする。
- In taking measure for forest and forestry, the national and local governments shall aim at providing support to the voluntary efforts of the people engaged in forestry, organizations relevant to forest and forestry, operators of wood industry and others engaged in the distribution and processing of the forest products (hereinafter referred to as 'wood industry').
- この章及び次章で「指定有害動植物」とは、有害動物又は有害植物であつて、国内における分布が局地的でなく、且つ、急激にまん延して農作物に重大な損害を与える傾向があるため、その防除につき特別の対策を要するものとして、農林水産大臣が指定するものをいう。
- Specified Pests as used in this Chapter and the next Chapter means injurious animals or injurious plants that are specified by the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries as those for which special measures are required for their control since their distribution in Japan is not localized, and they spread quickly and tend to do material harm to crops.
- 第二次世界大戦後に研究が進むと、潜在的に不満を抱いていた中下流の文人貴族層による過大な評価であることが明らかとなり、またその時期の実際の政策も宇多天皇期及びその後の宇多上皇による事実上の院政下で行われたものの延長でしかないことが明らかになった。
- As further research was done after World War II, it became apparent that the eras were overrated by people in the literary nobility in the middle and lower classes who were potentially frustrated at the system of rule at the time, and the actual policies of that time were merely an extension of the ones by the Emperor Uda era and under Insei (rule by the retired emperor) of consecutive reign by Retired Emperor Uda.
- 内閣総理大臣は、原子力緊急事態宣言をしたときは、当該原子力緊急事態に係る緊急事態応急対策を推進するため、内閣府設置法(平成十一年法律第八十九号)第四十条第二項の規定にかかわらず、閣議にかけて、臨時に内閣府に原子力災害対策本部を設置するものとする。
- The Prime Minister shall, when he/she has issued a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation, temporarily establish nuclear emergency response headquarters within the Cabinet Office after deliberation in a cabinet meeting in order to promote emergency response measures pertaining to said nuclear emergency situation, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 40, paragraph 2 of the Act for Establishment of the Cabinet Office (Act No. 89 of 1999).
- 明治4年(1871年)、地租改正の前提として全ての免税地が廃せられ、それを口実に寺院領が国家に収公された(興福寺の現在の敷地が奈良公園の中にある体裁になっているのは、興福寺の境内を収公してこれを潰して跡地を公園化する政策(後に中止)の名残である)。
- In 1871, all tax-free lands were abolished as a precondition of land tax reforms, and using this as an excuse, the state confiscated temples' properties (the present Kofuku-ji Temple is located in Nara Park because of the aftereffect of a policy aimed at confiscating the temple's property, pulling down the buildings and making a park (which was cancelled later on)).
- 原子力災害についての災害対策基本法の次の表の上欄に掲げる規定(石油コンビナート等災害防止法第三十二条第二項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)の適用については、これらの規定中同表の中欄に掲げる字句は、それぞれ同表の下欄に掲げる字句とする。
- With regard to the application of the provisions of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures, which are listed in the left-hand column of the following table (including the cases where these provisions are applied by replacing the terms and phrases pursuant to the provisions of Article 32, paragraph 2 of the Act on the Prevention of Disasters in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities), to a nuclear disaster, the terms and phrases listed in the middle column of the same table in these provisions shall be deemed to be replaced with the terms and phrases listed in the right-hand column of the same table.
- 国は、地域の農業の健全な発展を図るとともに、景観が優れ、豊かで住みよい農村とするため、地域の特性に応じた農業生産の基盤の整備と交通、情報通信、衛生、教育、文化等の生活環境の整備その他の福祉の向上とを総合的に推進するよう、必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for the comprehensive promotion of improvements of agricultural production bases and rural welfare including living infrastructure such as transportation, telecommunications, public health, education and culture that suit the regional characteristics, in order to promote the sound development of regional agriculture and create pleasant and comfortable rural areas with beautiful landscape.
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な農業経営を育成し、これらの農業経営が農業生産の相当部分を担う農業構造を確立するため、営農の類型及び地域の特性に応じ、農業生産の基盤の整備の推進、農業経営の規模の拡大その他農業経営基盤の強化の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for the promotion of improvement of agricultural production base, expansion of farm management scale and enhancement of farm management infrastructure according to the type of management and regional characteristics, in order to develop efficient and stable farm management and to establish agricultural structure that can play considerable part in the agricultural production.
- エネルギー市場の自由化等のエネルギーの需給に関する経済構造改革については、前二条の政策目的を十分考慮しつつ、事業者の自主性及び創造性が十分に発揮され、エネルギー需要者の利益が十分に確保されることを旨として、規制緩和等の施策が推進されなければならない。
- With regard to economic structural reforms concerning energy supply and demand such as the liberalization of energy markets, deregulation and other similar measures shall be promoted in a manner such that business operators can fully demonstrate their initiative and such that creativity and the interests of energy consumers are sufficiently secured, while giving due consideration to the policy objectives prescribed in the preceding two Articles.
- 地方公共団体は、この法律又は関係法律の規定に基づき、原子力災害予防対策、緊急事態応急対策及び原子力災害事後対策の実施のために必要な措置を講ずること等により、原子力災害についての災害対策基本法第四条第一項及び第五条第一項の責務を遂行しなければならない。
- A local government shall, pursuant to the provisions of this Act or any other relevant Act, fulfill its responsibilities under Article 4, paragraph 1 and Article 5, paragraph 1 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures concerning a nuclear disaster by taking measures necessary for the implementation of measures to prevent nuclear emergency, emergency response measures and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency.
- 国は、水産業及び漁村が国民生活及び国民経済の安定に果たす役割に関する国民の理解と関心を深めるとともに、水産業及び漁村の有する水産物の供給の機能以外の多面にわたる機能が将来にわたって適切かつ十分に発揮されるようにするため、必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures to gain better public understanding and interest in the role of fishery industry and fishing villages for the stabilization of the citizens' life and national economy, and to exert appropriately and fully the multifunction of fishery industry and fishing villages other than supply of marine products for the future .
- 国は、水産業の生産性の向上を促進するとともに、水産動植物の増殖及び養殖の推進に資するため、地域の特性に応じて、環境との調和に配慮しつつ、事業の効率的な実施を旨として、漁港の整備、漁場の整備及び開発その他水産業の基盤の整備に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures for improvement of productivity of fisheries industry and promotion of propagation and aquaculture of aquatic plants and animals, according to the regional characteristics, in consideration of harmony with environments, aiming at efficient business operation, such as improvement of fishing ports, improvement and development of fishing grounds and others necessary for improvement of fisheries industry infrastructure.
- また5世紀末から6世紀初めにかけて、それまで首長墓を造営してきた古墳群の多くが衰退し、新興の古墳群が出現していることから、ワカタケル大王の王権強化策は成功したが、その一方で旧来の勢力からの反発を招き、その結果として王権が一時的に弱体化したとの説もある。
- Furthermore, since towards the end of the fifth and the beginning of the sixth centuries many of the old burial mounds where chiefs were entombed went into decline and new types of burial mounds emerged, it is thought that King Wakatakeru's strategy for strengthening sovereignty succeeded, although his power was temporarily weakened by rebellions from the former powers.
- 江戸幕府の鎖国政策の進展により、幕府公認の朱印船の海外渡航すら難しくなり、1633年老中奉書船以外の海外渡航や帰国を禁止する第1次鎖国令が発令され、1635年にはすべての日本人の海外渡航と帰国を禁止する第3次鎖国令が発令されて朱印船貿易は終末を迎えた。
- It became increasingly more difficult even for government-certified Shuinsen ships to travel to other countries due to the isolationist policy of the shogunate government; in 1633, the First Seclusion Order, which forbade all ships other that those carrying official letters of the shogunate government to visit or return from other countries, was issued; and in 1935, the Third Seclusion Order, which forbade all Japanese to travel to or return from other countries, was issued, bringing an end to Shuinsen trade.
- 第一条(台風常襲地帯対策審議会に係る部分を除く。)及び第六条から第九条までの規定、第十条中奄美群島振興開発特別措置法第七条第一項の改正規定並びに第十一条、第十二条及び第十四条から第三十二条までの規定 昭和五十四年三月三十一日までの間において政令で定める日
- The provisions of Article 1 (excluding, however, the part concerning the Council for Measures for Areas Susceptible to Typhoons) and Articles 6 to 9, the provision in Article 10 to revise Article 7, paragraph 1 of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Promotion and Development of the Amami Islands, and the provisions of Article 11, Article 12, and Articles 14 to 32: the date specified by a Cabinet Order within a period until March 31, 1979.
- 菊紋を授かることは名誉かつ光栄なことであったが、主に下賜された家紋は替紋とされていた桐紋と言われ、天皇より任命された摂政・関白・征夷大将軍・太政大臣など統治者らは統治者の行う政策などに於いて功績を残した家来や大名などに、桐紋を贈与することもあったという。
- It was glorious and honorable to be given Kiku-mon and it is said that the Kamon which was given was mainly Kiri-mon of Kae-mon, and some rulers such as Sessho (regent, regency), Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister) gave Kiri-mon to their followers who contributed much to their policies.
- 国は、地域の水産業の健全な発展を図るとともに、景観が優れ、豊かで住みよい漁村とするため、地域の特性に応じた水産業の基盤の整備と防災、交通、情報通信、衛生、教育、文化等の生活環境の整備その他の福祉の向上とを総合的に推進するよう、必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for the comprehensive promotion of improvement of infrastructure for fishery industry, living environment including disaster prevention, transportation, telecommunication, public health, education and culture in accordance with regional characteristics and welfare, in order to promote the sound development of regional fishery industry and create pleasant and comfortable fishing villages with beautiful landscape.
- 国は、森林の適正な整備及び保全を図るためには、森林所有者等が山村地域に生活することが重要であることにかんがみ、地域特産物の生産及び販売等を通じた産業の振興による就業機会の増大、生活環境の整備その他の山村地域における定住の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall, in consideration of the importance of forest owners to live in mountain villages, take necessary measures for the promotion of the settlement of people in mountain villages such as increasing of job opportunities by promoting industries through production and distribution of local specialty products, and improving the living environment.
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な林業経営を育成し、これらの林業経営が林業生産の相当部分を担う林業構造を確立するため、地域の特性に応じ、林業経営の規模の拡大、生産方式の合理化、経営管理の合理化、機械の導入その他林業経営基盤の強化の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for the promotion of expansion of forestry management scale, streamlining of production system, and rationalization of management according to the regional characteristics, in order to develop efficient and stable forestry management and to establish the forestry structure that plays considerable part in the forestry production.
- 天保の改革最中の天保13年(1842年)9月の御触書には「百姓の余技として、町人の商売を始めてはならない」という文があり、併せて農村出身の奉公人の給金に制限を設けているが、これはこうした風潮が農業の衰退に繋がる事を危惧した幕府の対応策であったと考えられる。
- An official announcement issued in October and November 1842 in the midst of the Tempo Reforms contained the following sentence: 'peasants must not start business of the townsman as a sideline' and set a ceiling on wages paid for employees who came from farming villages, all of which must have been countermeasures taken by the bakufu for fear that such tendencies would lead to a decline in agriculture.
- だが、日本のこの要求はこの列強間の「暗黙の了解」を破棄するものであり、更に清朝が直隷と渤海_(海域)を挟んで向かい合った遼東半島を失う事でその政治的権威が失墜して国内の政情が不安定になるような事態の発生は、各国の対中国政策を根底から揺るがせるものであった。
- Therefore, the Japan's demand for the Liaodong Peninsula broke the 'tacit agreement' among the world powers and also influenced the policy of each country toward China, because if the Qing Dynasty lost the Liaodong Peninsula which was located on the opposite side of the Choku-rei region across Bokkai (marine area), Qing's political power would fall, which might result in a precarious political situation of China.
- 主務大臣は、この法律の規定による権限を適切に行使するほか、この法律の規定による原子力事業者の原子力災害予防対策、緊急事態応急対策及び原子力災害事後対策の実施が円滑に行われるように、当該原子力事業者に対し、指導し、助言し、その他適切な措置をとらなければならない。
- In addition to exercising his/her authority under the provisions of this Act appropriately, the competent minister shall, for the purpose of ensuring the smooth implementation of measures to prevent nuclear emergency, emergency response measures and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency by a nuclear operator under the provisions of this Act, give guidance and advice to said nuclear operator and take other appropriate measures.
- 幕末には攘夷論が台頭するがそれを克服し、戊辰戦争の後明治政府は西洋文明の積極的な受容による近代国家の建設、幕府が結んだ西欧諸国との不平等条約の改正と南下政策を進めるロシア帝国との国境確定および東アジア諸国との外交関係の再構築と版図の確定という課題に取り組んだ。
- Japan conquered principle of excluding foreigners that emerged at the end of Edo period, and the Meiji Government had tackled the following issues since the Bushing War: the construction of a modern state through the introduction of western civilization; the revision of the unequal treaties that the bakufu signed, with western countries; the definition of the border with Russia that had been promoting southward expansion; and the restructing of diplomatic relations and definition of the territory with East Asian countries.
- その後長きにわたって、通称として富士門流または日興門流と呼ばれた「日興の日蓮宗」の流れを汲む諸派は、勝劣派・一致派48本山が戦前の宗教政策により連合した日蓮宗とは教義的にも宗教行為の交流はないが、学術面での交流を持っており、日蓮宗僧侶が大石寺を訪れることがある。
- Since then, the various schools which derived from 'Nichiren Sect of Nikko' and commonly called Fujimon School or Nikkomon School for a long time, have no doctrinally interaction and religious communication with Nichiren Sect, the combination of forty-eight honzan of Shoretsu School and Itchi School (of the Nichiren sect) under the religious policy before the War, however, they have academically interaction with them and sometimes monks from Nichiren Sect visited Taiseki-ji Temple.
- 明治政府の地租改正作業の中で、入会地が入会権を持つ諸個人の私有地に分割され、入会地ではなくなっていくこともあったし、また入会地であることの証明が無ければ官有地とするという明治政府の政策により、数多くの入会地としての里山が官有地として召し上げられたと考えられている。
- It is probable that in the process of the land-tax reform carried out by the Meiji government, some iriaichi (the common lands) lost their function and were divided into privately-owned lands that had access rights, and many of them were expropriated under the policy of the Meiji government, which promoted the registration of these as public lands if they had no proof of being common land.
- 緊急事態応急対策実施区域において指定行政機関の長、指定地方行政機関の長、地方公共団体の長その他の執行機関、指定公共機関、指定地方公共機関及び原子力事業者の原子力防災組織が防災計画又は原子力事業者防災業務計画に基づいて実施する緊急事態応急対策の総合調整に関すること。
- affairs relating to the comprehensive coordination of emergency response measures that are implemented by the head of a designated administrative organ, the head of a designated local administrative organ, the head of a local government or any other executive organ, designated public institution, designated local public institution or an on-site organization for nuclear emergency preparedness of a nuclear operator in the emergency response measures implementation area based on a disaster prevention plan or a nuclear operator emergency action plan;
- 事業者は、その事業活動に際しては、自主性及び創造性を発揮し、エネルギーの効率的な利用、エネルギーの安定的な供給並びに地域及び地球の環境の保全に配慮したエネルギーの利用に努めるとともに、国又は地方公共団体が実施するエネルギーの需給に関する施策に協力する責務を有する。
- When conducting their business activities, business operators shall be responsible for endeavoring to use energy efficiently and to use energy in a manner that gives consideration to stable supply of energy and preservation of the local and global environment, by demonstrating their initiative and creativity, and for cooperating with the measures on energy supply and demand implemented by the State and local public entities.
- 国は、発明、植物の新品種、意匠、商標その他の国の登録により権利が発生する知的財産について、早期に権利を確定することにより事業者が事業活動の円滑な実施を図ることができるよう、所要の手続の迅速かつ的確な実施を可能とする審査体制の整備その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall take necessary measures, such as improving the examination systems to enable the necessary procedures to be promptly and properly carried out so that business operators will be able to smoothly carry out their business activities by promptly obtaining definite rights with respect to intellectual property for which a right is established on the basis of such national registrations, as inventions, new varieties of plants, designs, and trademarks.
- この法律は、水産に関する施策について、基本理念及びその実現を図るのに基本となる事項を定め、並びに国及び地方公共団体の責務等を明らかにすることにより、水産に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進し、もって国民生活の安定向上及び国民経済の健全な発展を図ることを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to stabilize and improve the life of the citizens and to develop the national economy through comprehensive and systematic implementation of the policies for fishery by means of establishing basic principles and basic matters for their realization and clarifying the responsibilities of the State and local governments.
- 日本政策投資銀行等は、第一項の規定により政府から利子補給金の支給を受けたときは、当該利子補給金に係る貸付契約による利子で当該単位期間において生ずるものの額を、当該貸付契約により定まる利子の額から当該利子補給金の額に相当する金額だけ差し引いた金額としなければならない。
- In the event interest subsidies are paid pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), the Development Bank of Japan, shall determine the amount of interest generated during such Unit Period under the loan agreement in relation to which such interest subsidies are paid as the amount of interest under such loan agreement minus the amount equivalent to the amount of such interest subsidies.
- 内閣総理大臣は、原子力緊急事態宣言をした後、原子力災害の拡大の防止を図るための応急の対策を実施する必要がなくなったと認めるときは、速やかに、原子力安全委員会の意見を聴いて、原子力緊急事態の解除を行う旨の公示(以下「原子力緊急事態解除宣言」という。)をするものとする。
- The Prime Minister shall, when he/she finds, after he/she has issued a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation, that it is no longer necessary to implement emergency measures in order to prevent the progression (expansion) of a nuclear disaster, promptly hear the opinions of the Nuclear Safety Commission and give a public notice to the effect that said declaration of a nuclear emergency situation is cancelled (hereinafter referred to as a 'declaration of the cancellation of a nuclear emergency situation').
- 国は、事業者が知的財産を活用した新たな事業の創出及び当該事業の円滑な実施を図ることができるよう、知的財産の適正な評価方法の確立、事業者に参考となるべき経営上の指針の策定その他事業者が知的財産を有効かつ適正に活用することができる環境の整備に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall take necessary measures to develop an environment in which business operators can effectively and properly exploit intellectual property, such as establishing methods for appropriate assessment of intellectual property and setting forth management guidelines that will be helpful examples for business operators, in order to enable business operators to start up new businesses and smoothly carry out these businesses by exploitation of intellectual property.
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、国民の食生活を取 り巻く環境の変化に即応して食品の安全性の確保のために必要な措置の適切かつ有効な実施を図るため、食品の安全性の確保に関する国の内外の情報の収集、整 理及び活用その他の必要な措置が講じられなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, necessary measures such as the collection, arrangement, and utilization of internal and external information about ensuring Food safety, shall be taken to appropriately and effectively implement the necessary measures for ensuring Food safety in response to changes in the environment surrounding dietary habits of citizens.
- 国は、農業並びに食品の加工及び流通に関する技術の研究開発及び普及の効果的な推進を図るため、これらの技術の研究開発の目標の明確化、国及び都道府県の試験研究機関、大学、民間等の連携の強化、地域の特性に応じた農業に関する技術の普及事業の推進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as setting specific goals for the research and development of technology, encouraging closer cooperation among national and local research institutes, universities and private bodies, and promoting the dissemination of agricultural technologies that suit the regional characteristics, in order to effectively promote research and development and dissemination of such technologies in the area of agriculture, food processing and distribution.
- 平安時代の『小右記』によれば、朝廷の会議での多数意見が関白藤原頼通の反対によって否認されて頼通が支持した少数意見による方策が実施されたケースがあり、時代が下って鎌倉幕府でも評定衆が全員一致で反対した日蓮に対する恩赦が決裁者である執権北条時宗によって実施されたケースがある。
- According to the 'Shoyuki (Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke)' in the Heian period, there was a case where the major opinion in the conference of the Imperial court was denied by the opposition of FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, a chief adviser to the Emperor, and another minor opinion supported by Yorimichi was implemented, and in another case more recently, amnesty for Nichiren, which was opposed by all hyojoshu (chamber of government affairs and justice) in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), was implemented by Tokimune HOJO, a regent to the shogunate, who was the odd man.
- 第十五条第一項各号(第一号ロ及びニ、第四号、第五号(第一号ニに掲げる技術に係る ものに限る。)、第六号ロ、第七号並びに第十二号から第十四号までを除く。)に掲げる業務のうち、特別会計に関する法律(平成十九年法律第二十三号)第八 十五条第五項に規定する電源利用対策に関する業務
- Out of the functions listed in the items of Article 15, paragraph (1) (excluding (b) and (d) of item (i), item (iv), item (v) (limited to the functions pertaining to technology listed in (d) of item (i)), (b) of item (vi), item (vii), and from item (xii) to item (xiv)), the functions concerning measures for electric power use as prescribed in Article 85, paragraph (5) of the Act on Special Accounts (Act No. 23 of 2007);
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、食品を摂取するこ とにより人の健康に係る重大な被害が生ずることを防止するため、当該被害が生じ、又は生じるおそれがある緊急の事態への対処及び当該事態の発生の防止に関 する体制の整備その他の必要な措置が講じられなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, necessary measures, such as establishment of a system to cope with or prevent emergency situations that cause or are likely to cause serious damage to human health by Food ingestion, shall be taken to prevent such damage.
- この法律の施行の際現に旧法第二十一条の規定により公告されている基準となるべき割引歩合又は基準となるべき貸付利子歩合は、新法第十五条第一項の規定により日本銀行の政策委員会が議決した同項第一号に規定する基準となるべき割引率又は同項第二号に規定する基準となるべき貸付利率とみなす。
- The basic discount rate and the basic loan interest rate publicly notified pursuant to Article 21 of the Former Act prior to the enforcement of this Act shall be deemed to be the basic discount rate prescribed in Article 15, paragraph 1, item (i) of the New Act and the basic loan interest rate prescribed in item (ii) of the same paragraph which the Bank of Japan's Policy Board decided pursuant to Article 15, paragraph 1 of the New Act, respectively.
- 刀狩(かたながり、刀狩り)とは、百姓身分の者の帯刀権を剥奪する兵農分離政策で、特に安土桃山時代の1588年8月29日(天正16年7月8日 (旧暦))に豊臣秀吉が刀狩令(同時に海上賊船禁止令)を出して大規模に推進した政策を指す(ただし、刀狩を最初に行なったのは柴田勝家である。
- Katanagari (written as 刀狩 or 刀狩り) was a policy of heinobunri (separating warriors and peasants) which deprived those in the peasant class of their privilege of wearing swords, which highlighted the policy enacted by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI through the katanagari edict (at the same time, pirate ship interdiction) issued on August 29, 1588 in the Azuchi-Momoyama period (The first person who executed katanagari was Katsuie SHIBATA.
- 主務大臣は、原子力事業所ごとに、第二十六条第二項に規定する者による緊急事態応急対策の拠点となる施設であって当該原子力事業所の区域をその区域に含む都道府県の区域内にあることその他主務省令で定める要件に該当するもの(以下「緊急事態応急対策拠点施設」という。)を指定するものとする。
- The competent minister shall, with respect to each nuclear site, designate a facility that serves as the center for emergency response measures taken by a person or an organization prescribed in Article 26, paragraph 2, which is located within the area of the prefecture that includes the area where the relevant nuclear site is located and fulfills other requirements specified by an ordinance of the competent ministry (hereinafter referred to as an 'off-site center').
- ただ、近年では未曾有の大飛散と予測された2005年のスギ花粉症のシーズン前には、各省庁が連携して広報などの対策に当たり、厚労省では公開のシンポジウムも開催したが、国を挙げての統一した施策・政策を打ち出して国民の期待に応えることはなく、シーズンが過ぎてからは目立った動きはない。
- However in recent years, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare held an open symposium to encourage all government agencies to work together with regard to countermeasures such as bulletins prior to the 2005 Japanese cedar pollinosis season in which unprecedentedly high airborne pollen levels were forecast but it was unable to finalize any unified national policies or meet public expectations, and the season passed without any visible initiatives.
- 国は、水産に関する技術の研究開発及び普及の効果的な推進を図るため、これらの技術の研究開発の目標の明確化、国、独立行政法人、都道府県及び地方独立行政法人の試験研究機関、大学、民間等の連携の強化、地域の特性に応じた水産に関する技術の普及事業の推進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for effective promotion of research and development and dissemination of technologies relevant to fisheries such as setting of specific goals for research and development of such technologies, enhancement of coordination with national laboratories, laboratories of incorporated administrative agencies, local governments and local incorporated administrative agencies, universities and private bodies, and promotion of dissemination activities of technologies relevant to fisheries in accordance with regional characteristics.
- 国及び地方公共団体は、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策であって、大学及び高等専門学校並びに大学共同利用機関に係るものを策定し、並びにこれを実施するに当たっては、研究者の自主性の尊重その他大学及び高等専門学校並びに大学共同利用機関における研究の特性に配慮しなければならない。
- In formulating and implementing measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property pertaining to universities, colleges of technology and inter-university research institutions, national government and local governments shall consider the respect for researchers' autonomy or other characteristics of the research that is carried out at universities, colleges of technology and inter-university research institutions.
- この法律は、森林及び林業に関する施策について、基本理念及びその実現を図るのに基本となる事項を定め、並びに国及び地方公共団体の責務等を明らかにすることにより、森林及び林業に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進し、もつて国民生活の安定向上及び国民経済の健全な発展を図ることを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to stabilize and improve the life of the citizens and to develop the national economy through comprehensive and systematic implementation of the policies on forest and forestry by means of establishing the basic principles and basic matters for their realization, and by clarifying the responsibilities of the national and local governments.
- 台湾領有については松方、陸奥、伊藤ら日本政府要人も1894年以来、その領有の必要性や目的を意見書「威海衛を衝き台湾を略すべき方策」(伊藤)、「台湾島鎮撫策に関して」(陸奥)などでマレー半島や南洋群島に進出する根拠地、中国大陸に将来版図を展開する際の根拠地とする意見を表明していた。
- Leaders in the Japanese government such as Matsukata, Mutsu, and Ito expressed their opinion in their papers on the aim and necessity for Japan to occupy Taiwan based on its expansion to the Maly Peninsula and the South Sea Island or as a base in the future to conquer territory on the Chinese continent since 1894: for example 'Strategy for occupation of Taiwan by attacking Weihaiwei' (Ito), and 'A measure to pacify the Taiwan Island' (Mutsu).
- 第二十八条第一項の規定により読み替えて適用される災害対策基本法第四十八条第一項の防災訓練(同項に規定する災害予防責任者が防災計画又は原子力事業者防災業務計画の定めるところによりそれぞれ行うものを除く。)は、主務大臣が主務省令で定めるところにより作成する計画に基づいて行うものとする。
- Disaster prevention drills under Article 48, paragraph 1 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures applied by replacing the terms and phrases pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 1 (excluding those carried out by each person in charge of disaster prevention prescribed in said paragraph pursuant to the provisions of a disaster prevention plan or a nuclear operator emergency action plan) shall be carried out based on a plan prepared by the competent minister pursuant to the provisions of an ordinance of the competent ministry.
- 国は、ものづくり基盤産業における事業活動の効率化、高度化等を図るため、自然的経済的社会的条件からみて一体である地域における工業団地等の施設の整備、ものづくり事業者の交流又は連携の推進等ものづくり事業者の新たな集積の促進又は既存の集積の有する機能の強化に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to ensure the increased efficiency and sophistication of, and any other improvements in, business activities in the core manufacturing industry, the State shall take necessary measures for promoting a new agglomeration of manufacturing business operators and strengthening the functions of the existing agglomeration, such as the establishment of such facilities as industrial parks and the promotion of exchange and cooperation among manufacturing business operators in an area that is regarded as a single domain in light of natural, economic and social conditions.
- こうした行政の動きに関しては、自由民主党 (日本)内で「花粉症等アレルギー症対策議員連盟(通称ハクション議連:事務局長・小野晋也衆院議員)」が、安倍晋三ら約50名(当時)の国会議員によって1995年に設立され、本格的な対策の推進を国に働きかけるようになったことが大きく影響している。
- Such administrative actions include the Liberal Democratic Party 'Federation of Diet Members for Measures Against Pollinosis and Other Allergies' (commonly known as Hakushon Giren, secretary general: lower house member Shinya ONO) which was established by Shinzo ABE and approximately 50 (at the time) other Diet members in 1995, and has had a major impact on the national implementation of serious efforts.
- 鎌倉幕府は元寇に伴う対外的危機を通じて、一円支配が確立した本所領の住人を動員することには成功したが、それでも検断権などを本所領に対しては及ぼすことが出来ず、却って寺社興行法などで御家人の権利よりも寺社領の権限を保護する政策を取って神仏の加護よる対外危機の克服を期待する有様であった。
- The Kamakura bakufu succeeded in calling the residents in the honjoryo, in which the bakufu established a ruling throughout the land, to arms through the external crisis accompanying Genko (Mongol Invasion), but still cannot exercise kendanken (provincial policing authority) and so forth on the honjoryo -- On the contrary, the bakufu prayed for divine protection and expected god and Buddha to support the bakufu to overcome the external crisis, and took a policy to protect not the right of the gokenin (the top of the warrior-class hierarchy) but the right of the jisharyo by issuing the jishakogyoho (Shrine restoration policy).
- 京都・東山花灯路(きょうと・ひがしやまはなとうろ)は、3月中旬に京都の東山 (京都府)山麓の青蓮院から清水寺に至る約4.6キロの小路に京都の伝統工芸である清水焼、北山杉、京銘竹、石工、金属などで作られた約2400基の行灯を点し、夜の散策を楽しむ趣向の、早春を告げる観光イベントである。
- Kyoto Higashiyama Hana Toro refers to a touristic event to herald the arrival of early spring in the middle of March, that about 2400 lanterns, which are made by Kiyomizu ceramics (traditional handicrafts in Kyoto), Kitayamasugi round cedar wood, Kyomei bamboo, stone art and metal art, are lit on the narrow path for about 4.6 km from Shoren-in Temple to Kiyomizu-dera Temple at the foot of Higashiyama mountain range of Kyoto to enjoy an evening walk.
- 例えば1428年(正長元年)派遣の使節に同行した書記官の申叔舟が著した『海東諸国紀』によると、倭寇禁圧要請と併せて倭寇の根拠地の特定、倭寇と守護大名、有力国人、土豪との関係、都市部の発展状況や通貨政策など国力状況の観察、日本での仏教の展開状況をはじめ15項目の調査内容があったという。
- For example, according to 'Kaitoshokokuki' (literally, descriptions of various countries across the sea) written by Sukchu SIN, a secretary of the envoy dispatched in 1428, the survey included 15 items including the following: identifying base-places of wako together with a request of prohibiting wako (Japanese pirates) actions, observing Japan's power, such as relationships among wako, shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords), dominant Kokujin (local samurai) and local clans, states of progress in urban areas, and monetary policies, and checking the states of progress of Buddhism in Japan.
- 幕末は、徳川宗家の当主が征夷大将軍職に就き、幕府の主宰者として君臨する幕藩体制が変質し、崩壊していく過程であり、また、鎖国すなわち海禁政策を抛棄して開港し、外国との通商貿易の開始によって日本が世界的な資本主義市場経済に組み込まれ、社会そのもののあり方が劇的に変化していく過程でもある。
- The bakumatsu can be described as the period in which the feudal system characteristic of the shogunage by the head of the Tokugawa family collapsed, or the period in which the social structure dramatically changed as the country abolished the long-held closed-door policy and started trading with foreign countries, eventually becoming a member of the global capitalist market economy.
- この事態に苦慮した実如は、弟蓮淳・息子円如とともに北陸門徒に対し一揆の禁止をはじめとする3か条の戒めを発布したり、本願寺の一族を一門衆(嫡男)と一家衆(次男以下)に分ける一門一家制を設けたり、蓮如の文書の中から80通を選んで5帖に編集し御文とよんで宗門信条の基本とするなどの策を講じた。
- Jitsunyo, racking his mind for what to do amongst these circumstances, planned several responses, notably: 1) promulgating--together with his younger brother Renjun and his son Ennyo--three different punitive admonitions, the most notable of which was the one focused on Jodo Shinshu followers in the Hokuriku region (central-north Japan) that outlawed Ikki; 2) establishing Ichimon-Ikka System that split the household at Hongan-ji Temple into the Ichimonshu (the lineage of the eldest son) and the Ikkashu (the lineage of the second and other sons); and 3) selecting 80 documents from among Rennyo's writings, compiling them into five volumes, calling them the Gobun (also referred as Ofumi, literally Epistles) and using them as the fundamental doctrinal creed of the sect.
- 国は、知的財産に関する内外の動向の調査及び分析を行い、必要な統計その他の資料の作成を行うとともに、知的財産に関するデータベースの整備を図り、事業者、大学等その他の関係者にインターネットその他の高度情報通信ネットワークの利用を通じて迅速に情報を提供できるよう必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall conduct research and analysis on domestic and international trends concerning intellectual property, prepare necessary statistics and other data, develop databases on intellectual property, and take necessary measures to promptly provide information for business operators, universities, etc. and other parties concerned through access to the Internet and other advanced information and telecommunications networks.
- 国は、森林の適正な保全を図るため、土地の形質の変更その他の森林の保全に著しい支障を及ぼすおそれがある行為に関し、その支障を防止するために必要な規制、災害による土砂の崩壊の防止及びその復旧のための森林土木事業の推進、森林病害虫の駆除及びそのまん延の防止その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures to conserve forest adequately, including promotion of the controls required for the prevention of adverse effect of activities such as changes in the character of land that are likely to cause significant impacts on forest conservation, prevention of landslides to be caused by disasters, promotion of civil work to restore the damages caused by such events, and extermination of forests diseases and pests and prevention of their spread.
- 指定行政機関の長及び指定地方行政機関の長、地方公共団体の長その他の執行機関、指定公共機関及び指定地方公共機関、原子力事業者その他法令の規定により原子力災害事後対策に責任を有する者は、法令、防災計画又は原子力事業者防災業務計画の定めるところにより、原子力災害事後対策を実施しなければならない。
- The heads of designated administrative organs and the heads of designated local administrative organs, the heads of local governments and other executive organs, designated public institutions and designated local public institutions, nuclear operators and other parties responsible for measures for restoration from nuclear emergency pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations shall implement measures for restoration from nuclear emergency pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations, a disaster prevention plan or a nuclear operator emergency action plan.
- この法律は、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策について、基本理念及びその実現を図るのに基本となる事項を定め、並びに国及び地方公共団体の責務等を明らかにすることにより、食料、農業及び農村に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進し、もって国民生活の安定向上及び国民経済の健全な発展を図ることを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to stabilize and improve the life of the citizens and to develop the national economy through comprehensive and systematic implementation of the policies on food, agriculture and rural areas by means of establishing basic principles and basic matters for their realization and clarifying the responsibilities of the national and local governments.
- 神道国教化政策との絡みや、キリスト教を解禁しても直ちに欧米が条約改正には応じないとする懐疑的な姿勢から来る、政府内の保守派の反対のみばかりでなく、宗教界や一般民衆からも「邪宗門」解禁に反対する声が強く紛糾したものの、明治6年(1873年)2月24日禁制の高札を除去し、その旨を各国に通告した。
- The conservatives in the government opposed it because they thought that allowing Christianity could be an obstacle to establishing Shinto as a state religion, and because they doubted Europe and the United States would accept a revision of the unequal treaty immediately even if they lifted the ban on Christianity, but also because the religious world and people opposed it because they considered Christianity as 'Heresy,', but in any case the government lifted the ban on Christianity and announced it to foreign countries on February 24, 1873.
- ところが、本願寺の法主が証如の代に入ると証如とその後見である蓮淳(蓮如の6男で証如の外祖父)は法主による一門統制を強める政策を採り、その遂行のために蓮淳の娘婿で朝倉氏によって越前から追放されていた末寺の一つ超勝寺の住持であった実顕が代官に任じられて「両御山」体制を否認する命令を加賀各地に出す。
- However, when Shonyo became the lord of Hongan-ji Temple and his guardian Renjun (the sixth son of Rennyo and maternal grandfather of Shonyo) took a policy of keeping the family under control by the lord, they pursued their policy by appointing Saneaki, Renjun's adopted son-in-law and a chief priest in Chosho-ji Temple, one of Hogan-ji Temple's branch temples, who had been expelled from Echizen by the Asakura clan, as local governor to issue an order to reject the 'Two Temples' system throughout Kaga.
- 原子力事業者は、第一項の指定があった場合には、当該緊急事態応急対策拠点施設において第二十六条第二項に規定する者が当該原子力事業所に係る緊急事態応急対策を講ずるに際して必要となる資料として主務省令で定めるものを主務大臣に提出しなければならない。提出した資料の内容に変更があったときも、同様とする。
- A nuclear operator shall, when being designated under paragraph 1, submit to the competent minister the materials specified by an ordinance of the competent ministry as those necessary to enable a person or an organization prescribed in Article 26, paragraph 2 to take emergency response measures pertaining to the relevant nuclear site at the relevant off-site center. The same shall apply to a case where there has been any change to the content of any documents submitted.
- この制度が日本に伝わり、平安時代初期、紀伝道(文章院で漢詩文または歴史を学ぶ学科、通称は「文章道」)が盛んになると、文章博士(大学寮で詩文・歴史を教授した教官)が「策文」を出して文章得業生(もんじょうとくごうしょう)に答えさせる試験が行われるようになり、この試験が「対策」といわれるようになった。
- This program was introduced to Japan, and as Kidendo (called 'Monjodo,' a department of the Monjoin that was established to study Chinese-style poems or history) became popular in the early Heian period, exams were introduced and Monjo hakase (professors of literature and history at Daigaku-ryo, the Bureau of Education under the Ritsuryo system) gave 'sakumon' to Monjo tokugosho and had them take this examination, known as 'taisaku.'
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、食品を摂取するこ とにより人の健康に悪影響が及ぶことを防止し、及び抑制するため、国民の食生活の状況その他の事情を考慮するとともに、前条第一項又は第二項の規定により 食品健康影響評価が行われたときは、その結果に基づいて、これが行われなければならない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, it shall be conducted for the purpose of preventing and restraining the adverse effect of Food ingestion on human health, in consideration of the dietary habits of citizens and other circumstances, and on the basis of the results of the Assessment of Effect of Food on Health if conducted in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (1) or (2) of the preceding article.
- 国は、経済社会における知的財産の活用の進展に伴い、知的財産権の保護に関し司法の果たすべき役割がより重要となることにかんがみ、知的財産権に関する事件について、訴訟手続の一層の充実及び迅速化、裁判所の専門的な処理体制の整備並びに裁判外における紛争処理制度の拡充を図るために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In light of the fact that the judicial authorities will play more important role in protecting intellectual property rights along with advancement in the exploitation of intellectual property in the economy and society, national government shall take necessary measures to ensure more effective and prompt court proceedings, improve technical resolution systems at court and reinforce alternative dispute resolution systems, with regard to legal case on intellectual property rights.
- 漁業調整委員会又 は水産政策審議会は、この法律の規定によりその権限に属させられた事項を処理するために必要があると認めるときは、その委員又は委員会若しくは審議会の事 務に従事する者をして他人の土地に立ち入つて、測量し、検査し、又は測量若しくは検査の障害になる物を移転し、若しくは除去させることができる。
- Each Fisheries Adjustment Commission or the Fisheries Policy Council may let the commission members or the persons engaged in the affairs of the commission or the council enter other persons' land, to survey or inspect, or to move or remove things obtrusive to the surveying or inspection, when the commission or council finds it necessary for dealing with the matters belonging to its authority pursuant to the provisions of this Act.
- 国は、我が国が世界の漁業生産及び水産物の消費において重要な地位を占めていることにかんがみ、排他的経済水域等以外の水域における水産資源の適切な保存及び管理が図られるよう、水産資源の持続的な利用に関する国際機関その他の国際的な枠組みへの協力、我が国の漁業の指導及び監督その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall, in view of Japan's important status in the global fishery production and consumption of marine products, take measures such as cooperation with international organizations relevant to the sustainable utilization of fishery resources and other international framework, guidance and supervision of Japan's fishery and others necessary for appropriate conservation and management of fishery resources in the waters other than Exclusive Economic Zone, etc.
- 国は、専ら農業を営む者その他経営意欲のある農業者が創意工夫を生かした農業経営を展開できるようにすることが重要であることにかんがみ、経営管理の合理化その他の経営の発展及びその円滑な継承に資する条件を整備し、家族農業経営の活性化を図るとともに、農業経営の法人化を推進するために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In view of the importance of enabling full-time farmers and other motivated farmers to develop originality and creativity in their farm management, the State shall take necessary measures for the revitalization of family farming by means of improving conditions for the rational management and smooth business succession, and the promotion of incorporation of farm management.
- 一般に「廃仏毀釈」と言えば、日本において明治維新後に成立した新政府が慶応4年3月13日 (旧暦)(1868年4月5日)に発した太政官布告「神仏分離令」、明治3年1月3日 (旧暦)(1870年2月3日)に出された詔書「大教宣布」など神道国教・祭政一致の政策によって引き起こされた仏教施設の破壊などを指す。
- In general, 'Haibutsu-kishaku' means the destruction of Buddhist facilities caused by the policies of Shinto kokkyo (establishing Shinto as a state religion) and Saisei icchi (uniting Shinto and politics) including 'Shinbutsu Bunrirei' (Ordinance distinguishing Shinto and Buddhism), an edict of Dajokan (the Grand Council of State) dated on April 5, 1868 as well as 'Taikyo Senbu' (Establishment of Shinto), an Imperial edict dated February 3, 1870, which the new Japanese government established after the Meiji Restoration issued.
- このEU指令下では、京都議定書策定以前から技術のみに依存するのではなく化石燃料を使わない方法で化石燃料由来排出量を減らしてきた北欧諸国などは京都議定書の目標値が緩く設定されており(p.84)、例えばスウェーデンは +4%が認められているなど、具体的な成果を挙げている国については相応の評価がされている。
- Under the EU directive, Scandinavian countries, which have reduced the amount of emissions generated from fossil fuel by not only depending on technology but also lessening use of fossil fuel since the time before the formulation of Kyoto Protocol, are evaluated for their emissions reduction achievements and allowed to have lower reduction targets (p.84) in the Kyoto Protocol, for example, Sweden's target is +4%.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言があった時から原子力緊急事態解除宣言があるまでの間における災害対策基本法の次の表の上欄に掲げる規定(石油コンビナート等災害防止法第三十二条第二項の規定により読み替えて適用される場合を含む。)の適用については、これらの規定中同表の中欄に掲げる字句は、それぞれ同表の下欄に掲げる字句とする。
- With regard to the application of the provisions of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures, which are listed in the left-hand column of the following table (including the cases where these provisions are applied by replacing the terms and phrases pursuant to the provisions of Article 32, paragraph 2 of the Act on the Prevention of Disasters in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities), during the period from the issuance of a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation to the issuance of a declaration of the cancellation of a nuclear emergency situation, the terms and phrases listed in the middle column of the same table in these provisions shall be deemed to be replaced with the terms and phrases listed in the right-hand column of the same table.
- エネルギーの需給については、エネルギーの消費の効率化を図ること、太陽光、風力等の化石燃料以外のエネルギーの利用への転換及び化石燃料の効率的な利用を推進すること等により、地球温暖化の防止及び地域環境の保全が図られたエネルギーの需給を実現し、併せて循環型社会の形成に資するための施策が推進されなければならない。
- With regard to energy supply and demand, measures shall be promoted to realize energy supply and demand that allow for the prevention of global warming and the preservation of the local environment, as well as to contribute to the formation of a recycling society by improving energy consumption efficiency, by such measures as promoting the conversion to non-fossil-fuel energy use such as solar and wind power and the efficient use of fossil fuels.
- 原子力事業者は、法令、防災計画又は原子力事業者防災業務計画の定めるところにより、指定行政機関の長及び指定地方行政機関の長並びに地方公共団体の長その他の執行機関の実施する緊急事態応急対策が的確かつ円滑に行われるようにするため、原子力防災要員の派遣、原子力防災資機材の貸与その他必要な措置を講じなければならない。
- A nuclear operator shall, pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations, a disaster prevention plan or a nuclear operator emergency action plan, dispatch nuclear disaster prevention staff, lend materials and equipment for nuclear disaster prevention and take other necessary measures for the accurate and smooth implementation of emergency response measures which are implemented by the heads of designated administrative organs and the heads of designated local administrative organs, and the heads of local governments and other executive organs.
- 原子力事業者は、法令、防災計画又は原子力事業者防災業務計画の定めるところにより、指定行政機関の長及び指定地方行政機関の長並びに地方公共団体の長その他の執行機関の実施する原子力災害事後対策が的確かつ円滑に行われるようにするため、原子力防災要員の派遣、原子力防災資機材の貸与その他必要な措置を講じなければならない。
- A nuclear operator shall, pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations, a disaster prevention plan or a nuclear operator emergency action plan, dispatch nuclear disaster prevention staff, lend materials and equipment for nuclear disaster prevention and take other necessary measures for the accurate and smooth implementation of measures for restoration from nuclear emergency which are implemented by the heads of designated administrative organs and the heads of designated local administrative organs, and the heads of local governments and other executive organs.
- 国は、この法律又は関係法律の規定に基づき、原子力災害対策本部の設置、地方公共団体への必要な指示その他緊急事態応急対策の実施のために必要な措置並びに原子力災害予防対策及び原子力災害事後対策の実施のために必要な措置を講ずること等により、原子力災害についての災害対策基本法第三条第一項の責務を遂行しなければならない。
- The State shall, pursuant to the provisions of this Act or any other relevant Act, fulfill its responsibilities under Article 3, paragraph 1 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures concerning a nuclear disaster by establishing nuclear emergency response headquarters, giving necessary instructions to local governments and taking other measures necessary for the implementation of emergency response measures and those necessary for the implementation of measures to prevent nuclear emergency and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency.
- 基準年を1990年に設定したのはロシアの批准を促すことなどにも配慮されたという国際政治の現場にありがちな話を指摘する向きや、「産業界を中心に世界有数の環境対策を施してきた日本が6%もの高水準を求められている」といった論調により、「この議定書が締結・発効に至る過程で政治的に歪められている」とする意見が散見される。
- An opinion saying 'the Protocol was politically biased in the process of ratification and effectuation' is heard here and there along with the following views: setting 1990 as the reference year was to give time to Russia for ratification, which is quite a political consideration; Japan has implemented world's leading environmental measures particularly in the industry, but is required for a high reduction level of 6%.
- この法律は、公布の日から起算し て一年をこえない範囲内において政令で定める日から施行する。ただし、第八十六条から第九十三条までの規定及び附則第二十六項の通商産業省設置法(昭和二 十七年法律第二百七十五号)第二十五条第一項の改正規定中石炭対策連絡協議会の項の次に電気事業審議会の項を加える部分は、公布の日から施行する。
- This Act shall come into force as from the date specified by a Cabinet Order within a period not exceeding one year from the date of promulgation; provided, however, that the provisions listed in Articles 86 to 93 and the part of the provision in paragraph 26 of the Supplementary Provisions to revise Article 25, paragraph 1 of the Act for Establishment of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Act No. 275 of 1952) by adding the paragraph on the Council for Electricity Industry following the paragraph on the Liaison Council for Coal Measures, shall come into force as from the date of promulgation.
- 水産政策審議会は、第二章第一節の規定によりその権限に属させられた事項を処理するために必要があると認めるときは、漁業を営み、若しくはこれに従事する者その他関係者に対し出頭を求め、若しくは必要な報告を求め、又はその委員若しくはその事務に従事する者に漁場、船舶、事業場若しくは事務所について所要の調査をさせることができる。
- In the event that the Fisheries Policy Council deems it necessary to process matters that have come to be under its authority pursuant to the provision of Section 1 of Chapter II, it may ask persons who operate or engage in fishery and other relevant persons to appear in person, and ask them to make necessary reports or may cause council members or persons engaging in its office work to carry out necessary research of fishery areas, vessels, workplaces or offices.
- 国は、林産物につき、森林の有する多面的機能の持続的な発揮に配慮しつつ適正な輸入を確保するための国際的な連携に努めるとともに、林産物の輸入によってこれと競争関係にある林産物の生産に重大な支障を与え、又は与えるおそれがある場合において、緊急に必要があるときは、関税率の調整、輸入の制限その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for building international partnerships to secure adequate import of forest products while endeavoring to sustainable development of forests' multifunctional roles, such as tariff rate adjustments and import restrictions, where urgently required, when certain imports create or likely to create serious adverse effect on the production of domestic forest products that compete against imports.
- 国は、山間地及びその周辺の地域その他の地勢等の地理的条件が悪く、農業の生産条件が不利な地域(以下「中山間地域等」という。)において、その地域の特性に応じて、新規の作物の導入、地域特産物の生産及び販売等を通じた農業その他の産業の振興による就業機会の増大、生活環境の整備による定住の促進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures, for the areas with poor geographical conditions and disadvantages to agricultural production including mountainous areas and their surrounding areas (hereinafter referred to as 'hilly and mountainous areas'), such as increasing job opportunities by promoting agriculture and other industries through introduction of new crops and production and distribution of local specialty products, taking such regional characteristics into consideration and promoting the settlement of the people through improved living environment.
- 国は、森林、林業並びに林産物の流通及び加工に関する技術の研究開発及び普及の効果的な推進を図るため、これらの技術の研究開発の目標の明確化、国、独立行政法人、都道府県及び地方独立行政法人の試験研究機関、大学、民間等の連携の強化、地域の特性に応じた森林及び林業に関する技術の普及事業の推進その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures such as setting specific goals for research and development of technology, enhancing the partnerships among laboratories of national, independent administrative agencies, local governments, local independent administrative agencies, universities, and private bodies, and promoting dissemination of forest and forestry technologies that suit the regional characteristics, in order to effectively promote research and development and dissemination of the technologies relevant to the forest and forestry distribution and processing.
- 国は、良好な営農条件を備えた農地及び農業用水を確保し、これらの有効利用を図ることにより、農業の生産性の向上を促進するため、地域の特性に応じて、環境との調和に配慮しつつ、事業の効率的な実施を旨として、農地の区画の拡大、水田の汎用化、農業用用排水施設の機能の維持増進その他の農業生産の基盤の整備に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for agricultural production base including farmland partition enlargement, creation of multipurpose paddy fields, maintenance of better functions of irrigation and drainage facilities, according to the regional characteristics, in consideration of harmony with the environment, and with the view of efficient operation, in order to encourage the improvement of agricultural productivity by securing farmland with good farming conditions and agricultural water facilities and promotion of their effective use.
- 基本方針は、エネルギーの使用の合理化のためにエネルギーを使用する者等が講ずべき措置に関する基本的な事項、エネルギーの使用の合理化の促進のための施策に関する基本的な事項その他エネルギーの使用の合理化に関する事項について、エネルギー需給の長期見通し、エネルギーの使用の合理化に関する技術水準その他の事情を勘案して定めるものとする。
- The basic policy shall provide for basic matters concerning the measures to be implemented by energy users, etc. for the rational use of energy, basic matters concerning the measures to promote the rational use of energy, and other matters concerning the rational use of energy, while taking into consideration long-term energy supply-demand forecasts, the technical level related to the rational use of energy, and other circumstances.
- この法律は、我が国の産業技術力の強化に関し、国、地方公共団体、大学及び事業者の責務を明らかにするとともに、産業技術力の強化に関する施策の基本となる事項を定め、併せて産業技術力の強化を支援するための措置を講ずることにより、我が国産業の持続的な発展を図り、もって国民生活の安定向上及び国民経済の健全な発展に資することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to further sustainable development of Japanese industries, by clarifying the responsibilities of the national government, local governments, universities and business operators in regard to enhancing the our nation's industrial technology capability, stipulating provisions to form the basis of policies concerning enhancing industrial technology capability, and taking measures to support enhancing industrial technology capability, and thereby to contribute to the stabilization and improvement of the general welfare of the life of the citizens and to the sound development of the national economy.
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な漁業経営を育成するため、経営意欲のある漁業者が創意工夫を生かした漁業経営を展開できるようにすることが重要であることにかんがみ、漁業の種類及び地域の特性に応じ、経営管理の合理化に資する条件の整備、漁船その他の施設の整備の促進、事業の共同化の推進その他漁業経営基盤の強化の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall, in view of importance of enabling motivated fishery operators to develop creative fishery management, take measures such as improvement of conditions that helps management rationalization, promotion of improvement of fishing boats and other facilities, promotion of joint operation of business and others necessary for the promotion of reinforcement of fishery management infrastructure to develop efficient and stable fishery management.
- 前号に掲げる業務の実施に必要な場合において、地球温暖化(地球温暖化対策の推進に 関する法律(平成十年法律第百十七号)第二条第一項に規定する地球温暖化をいう。)の防止に寄与する事業を行う者に対して、非化石エネルギー、可燃性天然 ガス及び石炭に関する技術並びにエネルギー使用合理化のための技術並びに鉱工業の技術に関する指導を行うこと。
- Where it is necessary for performing the functions listed in the preceding item, providing guidance concerning technology for non-fossil energy, combustible natural gas, and coal; technology required for the rational use of energy; and mining and industrial technology to persons who conduct business activities that contribute to the prevention of global warming (meaning global warming as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures (Act No. 117 of 1998)); and
- 第十五条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第十六条に規定する指導及び助言、第十七条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第一項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、当該特定再利用業種に属する事業を所管する大臣
- With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 15, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the guidance and advice prescribed in Article 16, the recommendation prescribed in Article 17, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 17, paragraph 2, the order under Article 17, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 1: the ministers who have jurisdiction over businesses that fall within the respective Designated Resources-Reutilizing Industries.
- 水産政策審議会は、この法律の規定によりその権限に属させられた事項を 処理するために必要があると認めるときは、特定海洋生物資源の採捕を行う指定漁業等を営む者その他関係者に対し出頭を求め、若しくは必要な事項に関し報告 を求め、又はその委員若しくはその事務に従事する者に漁場、船舶、事業場若しくは事務所について所要の調査をさせることができる。
- The Fisheries Policy Council may ask a person who operates a designated fishery, etc. and who gathers or catches specified living marine resources or any other relevant person to appear before the council or to report to it on any necessary matters, or may have a member of the council or a person engaged in the affairs of the council carry out the necessary examination of a fishing area, ship, workplace, or office, if the council finds it necessary for dealing with any matter over which it holds authority pursuant to the provisions of this Act.
- 漁業調整委員会又は水産政策審議会は、この法律の規定によりその権限 に属させられた事項を処理するために必要があると認めるときは、漁業者、漁業従事者その他関係者に対しその出頭を求め、若しくは必要な報告を徴し、又は委 員若しくは委員会若しくは審議会の事務に従事する者をして漁場、船舶、事業場若しくは事務所について所要の調査をさせることができる。
- Each Fisheries Adjustment Commission or the Fisheries Policy Council may request fishery managers, fishery employees and other persons concerned to attend, or may collect necessary reports, or let commission members or persons engaged in the affairs of the commission or the council make necessary investigations at fishing grounds, boats, places of business or offices, when the commission or council finds it necessary for dealing with the matters belonging to its authority pursuant to the provisions of this Act.
- 戦国時代になると、大名は主従関係の安定化のため、寄親となった有力武士の権利を保障し、寄子が濫りに寄親を変えることを禁じたり、大名への訴訟は寄親を通じて行うことを命じて、強制力を持たせる一方、寄親が寄子に恩給を与えなかったり、その他寄子に対する不当な扱いを行った場合には寄親を変えさせるなど、寄子を自己の軍事力として確保する政策が取られた。
- In the Sengoku period, in order to stabilize the master-servant relationship, daimyo guaranteed the rights of the dominant samurai who had become Yorioya, prohibited Yoriko from changing Yorioya, and gave Yorioya a legal force by ordering that lawsuits against daimyo should be filed through Yorioya; on the other hand, they adopted a policy to secure Yoriko as their military force by allowing Yoriko change Yorioya if Yorioya didn't give Onkyu (rewards from master to a vassal) or if Yorioya mistreated Yoriko.
- 国は、ものづくり基盤技術に関する研究開発及びその成果の利用の促進並びに研究開発に係る人材の育成に資するため、ものづくり事業者と大学、高等専門学校及び大学共同利用機関(以下この条において「大学等」という。)との有機的な連携が図られるよう必要な施策を講ずるものとする。この場合において、大学等における学術研究の特性に常に配慮しなければならない。
- In order to contribute to the promotion of research and development concerning core manufacturing technology and the use of the results thereof and to the development of human resources pertaining to such research and development, the State shall take the necessary measures so that organic cooperation will be made between manufacturing business operators and universities, colleges of technology and inter-university research institutes (hereinafter referred to as 'universities, etc.'). In this case, the State shall give constant consideration to the characteristics of academic research at universities, etc.
- 国は、知的財産に関する国際機関その他の国際的な枠組みへの協力を通じて、各国政府と共同して国際的に整合のとれた知的財産に係る制度の構築に努めるとともに、知的財産の保護に関する制度の整備が十分に行われていない国又は地域において、本邦法人等が迅速かつ確実に知的財産権の取得又は行使をすることができる環境が整備されるよう必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- National government shall endeavor to establish systems pertaining to intellectual property that are internationally consistent in concerted action with foreign governments by cooperating with intellectual property-related international organizations and other international frameworks, and shall take necessary measures to develop an environment in which Japanese juridical persons, etc. can promptly and certainly obtain or enforce intellectual property rights in states or regions where an intellectual property protection system has yet to be sufficiently developed.
- 食品安全基本法(以下「法」という。)第二十四条第一項第十四号の政令で 定めるときは、同項第一号から第十三号までに掲げる法律に基づく命令(政令を除き、告示を含む。)の規定に基づき食品の安全性の確保に関する施策を策定し ようとする場合であって、法第十一条第一項に規定する食品健康影響評価が行われなければならないときとして内閣府令で定めるときとする。
- The case provided by the Cabinet Order provided in Article 24, paragraph (1), item (xiv) of the Food Safety Basic Act (hereinafter referred to as the 'Act') is the case when relevant ministers intend to formulate policies to ensure food safety in accordance with the provisions of ordinances (excluding Cabinet Orders, and including public notices) in accordance with the Acts cited in items (i) to (xiii) of the said paragraph, specified by the Cabinet Office Ordinance as one where the Assessment of the Effect of Food on Health provided by Article 11, paragraph (1) of the Act shall be made.
- 国は、大学等における付加価値の高い知的財産の創造が我が国の経済社会の持続的な発展の源泉であることにかんがみ、科学技術基本法(平成七年法律第百三十号)第二条に規定する科学技術の振興に関する方針に配慮しつつ、創造力の豊かな研究者の確保及び養成、研究施設等の整備並びに研究開発に係る資金の効果的な使用その他研究開発の推進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In light of the fact that the creation of high-value added intellectual property at universities, etc. is a source of sustainable development for the Japanese economy and society, national government shall take necessary measures to promote Research and Development, such as securing and developing researchers rich in creativity, improving research facilities, etc., and making effective use of funding pertaining to Research and Development, while considering the policy on the advancement of science and technology stipulated in Article 2 of the Basic Act on Science and Technology (Act No. 130 of 1995).
- 3代将軍足利義満の時代には幕府組織の再編が進み一時御前沙汰は行われなくなるが、出家していた元管領細川頼之を幕府に呼び戻す際に、幕府役職になかった頼之を幕府の政策決定に関与させるために正式な評定ではなく、出席者の人選に決まりが無く主宰者である将軍の意向が反映しやすい非公式な評定である御前沙汰の形式で評定を行って幕府の政策に関する重要決定を行った。
- In the tenure of the third shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the bakufu was substantially reorganized and gozen-sata ceased once, but the shogun began holding consultations in the informal style of gozen-sata for making bakufu's important policy decisions for the purpose of having the former shogunal deputy Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, who had entered the priesthood and had been out of bakufu office, participate in the bakufu's policy-making when the shogun sought to bring him back to bakufu -- because gozen-sata was not a formal consultation, the members of which were selected mostly at the discretion of shogun, the head of the consultation.
- 内閣総理大臣は、第一項の規定による報告及び提出があったときは、直ちに、前項第一号に掲げる区域を管轄する市町村長及び都道府県知事に対し、第二十八条第二項の規定により読み替えて適用される災害対策基本法第六十条第一項及び第五項の規定による避難のための立退き又は屋内への退避の勧告又は指示を行うべきことその他の緊急事態応急対策に関する事項を指示するものとする。
- When there has been a report or submission under the provisions of paragraph 1, the Prime Minister shall immediately instruct mayors of municipalities and prefectural governors who have jurisdiction over the area listed in item (i) of the preceding paragraph to make a recommendation or give instructions for eviction in order to evacuate the area or to take shelter under the provisions of Article 60, paragraphs 1 and 5 of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures applied by replacing the terms and phrases pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph 2, or give such mayors of municipalities and prefectural governors other instructions concerning emergency response measures.
- これは、ロシア側へいかなる弱みともなることをも秘密にしようとした日本政府の政策に加え、新聞以下マスコミ各社が日清戦争を引き合いに出して戦争に対する国民期待を否応なしに煽ったために修正がきかなくなっていたこともあり、国民の多くは戦争をしている国力の実情を知らされず、目先の勝利によってロシアが簡単に屈服させられたように錯覚した反動から来ているものである。
- The discrepancy between popular sentiment and government policy is due to the fact that the Japanese Government adopted a stringent policy of secrecy to keep any information that could reveal national weaknesses from falling into Russian hands; The media including newspapers used the example of the Japanese victory in the Sino-Japanese War to fan the flames of war without regard to national sentiment, and inadvertantly built up jingoistic mood which could not be easily reversed; and finally, the majority of citizens were not aware of the true nature of Japan's national strength and erroneously believed that Japan easily defeated Russia in battle.
- 国は、技術経営力の強化が産業技術力の強化に重要であることにかんがみ、事業者が広く技術革新の動向を把握する上で有用な将来の技術に関する見通しの提示、技術経営力の強化に寄与する人材の養成及び資質の向上、事業者が研究及び開発の成果を事業活動において効率的かつ円滑に活用することができる環境の整備その他技術経営力の強化の促進のために必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- Considering that enhancing Technology Management Capability is important for enhancing Industrial Technology Capability, the national government shall take necessary measures for promoting the enhancing of Technology Management Capability, such as presenting forecasts concerning useful future technologies for business operators to comprehensively grasp the trends of technological innovations, training the human resources who will contribute to enhancing Technology Management Capability and improving the qualities thereof, thus maintaining an environment in which business operators can efficiently and smoothly utilize the results of research and development in carrying out business activities, etc.
- これは当時日本で一国ほどの価値があるとされた茶器や陶器を作り出す陶工を大名が藩の庇護の下、士分を与えるなど手厚い待遇をしていたのに比べ、李氏朝鮮では儒教思想による身分制において陶工は最下層の賤民に位置づけられ、奴隷的な労働を強いられるとともに、失策を犯した場合には体罰を課せられるという過酷な状況にあり、職人に対する根源的な差別があったことが原因である。
- The reason is considered as follows: In Japan at that time, potters who produced chaki (tea utensils) and earthenware, considered having a value equal to that of a province, were treated favorably, for example, given the samurai status, but in Yi Dynasty Korea, potters were designated as humble or lowly people with the lowest social status in the social status system based on the Confucian thought: They were forced to work like slaves and were placed in such harsh conditions that they were punished physically when committing an error, or in other words, there existed fundamental discrimination against craftsmen.
- 第十条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第十一条に規定する指導及び助言、第十二条に規定する計画、第十三条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第一項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、当該特定省資源業種に属する事業を所管する大臣
- With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 10, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the guidance and advice prescribed in Article 11, the plan prescribed in Article 12, the recommendation prescribed in Article 13, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 13, paragraph 2, the order under Article 13, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 1: the ministers who have jurisdiction over businesses that fall within the respective Designated Resources-Saving Industries.
- 第二十八条の規定による競馬法第二十三条の十三、日本中央競馬会法第十三条、原子力委員会及び原子力安全委員会設置法第五条第四項、科学技術会議設置法第七条第四項、宇宙開発委員会設置法第七条第四項、都市計画法第七十八条第四項、北方領土問題対策協会法第十一条、地価公示法第十五条第四項、航空事故調査委員会設置法第六条第四項及び国土利用計画法第三十九条第五項の改正規定
- The provisions for revising Article 23-13 of the Horse Racing Act, Article 13 of the Japan Racing Association Act, Article 5, paragraph 4 of the Act for Establishment of the Atomic Energy Commission and the Nuclear Safety Commission, Article 7, paragraph 4 of the Act for Establishment of the Council for Science and Technology Policy, Article 7, paragraph 4 of the Act for Establishment of the Space Activities Commission, Article 78, paragraph 4 of the City Planning Act, Article 11 of the Northern Territories Issue Association Act, Article 15, paragraph 4 of the Public Notice of Land Prices Act, Article 6, paragraph 4 of the Act for Establishment of the Aircraft Accidents Investigation Commission, and Article 39, paragraph 5 of the National Land Use Planning Act pursuant to Article 28;
- 治承・建久の2度の新制の制定に大臣・摂関として関わった九条兼実(道長の6代目の子孫)は「長保以後代々制符」が制符(新制)策定の基本であるべきであると度々主張(『玉葉』治承2年4月23日・6月5日条)しており、長保から200年経た後世においても長保元年令が新制の出発点になるとする考え方が公家社会に広く存在し、中世公家法に対して強い影響を与えたことが分かる。
- Kanezane KUJO (the sixth generation descendant of Michinaga), who was involved in the establishment of shinsei in Jisho and Kenkyu eras as a minister and Sekkan (regents and advisers), often insisted that it was fundamental for the establishment of seifu (an official code of new laws issued by Daijokan, Great Council of State) or shinsei to 'follow the example of Choho' (articles dated April 23 and June 5, 1178 of 'Gyokuyo') and it follows that even two hundred years after the Choho era it was widely believed in the court noble society that Chohogannenrei should be a starting point for shinsei and that kugeho (laws issued by the imperial court) in the medieval period was greatly influenced by such a belief.
- 国は、大学等における研究成果が新たな事業分野の開拓及び産業の技術の向上等に有用であることにかんがみ、大学等において当該研究成果の適切な管理及び事業者への円滑な移転が行われるよう、大学等における知的財産に関する専門的知識を有する人材を活用した体制の整備、知的財産権に係る設定の登録その他の手続の改善、市場等に関する調査研究及び情報提供その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In light of the fact that Research and Development results achieved by universities, etc. are useful for the development of new business fields and the improvement of industrial technology, national government shall take necessary measures to encourage universities, etc. to properly manage their Research and Development results and smoothly transfer the results to business operators, such as improving systems in universities, etc. to utilize human resources that have expert knowledge on intellectual property, improving such proceedings pertaining to registration for establishment on intellectual property, carrying out research and study on market, etc., and providing market information.
- この法律は、科学技術の発展、国際化の進展その他の国民の食生活を取り巻 く環境の変化に適確に対応することの緊要性にかんがみ、食品の安全性の確保に関し、基本理念を定め、並びに国、地方公共団体及び食品関連事業者の責務並び に消費者の役割を明らかにするとともに、施策の策定に係る基本的な方針を定めることにより、食品の安全性の確保に関する施策を総合的に推進することを目的 とする。
- In consideration of the vital importance of precise responses to the development of science and technology, and to the progress of internationalization and other changes in the environment surrounding Japan's dietary habits, the purpose of this Act is to comprehensively promote policies to ensure food safety by establishing basic principles, by clarifying the responsibilities of the national and local governments, and food-related business operators and the roles of consumers, and establishing a basic direction for policy formulation, in order to ensure food safety.
- 政府は、この法律の目的を達成するため、特定先端大型研究施設のうち研究 者等の共用に供される部分又は放射光専用施設を利用した研究等(以下「施設利用研究」という。)を行う者に対する支援、施設利用研究の促進のための方策に 関する調査研究及び施設利用研究の促進に資する国際交流の推進その他の特定先端大型研究施設の共用を促進するために必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければな らない。
- For achieving the purpose of this Act, the government shall endeavor to support persons engaged in the Researches, etc. utilizing the portion of the Specific Advanced Large Research Facilities that is made available for public utilization by the Researchers, etc. or the Dedicated Facilities for Synchrotron Radiation (hereinafter referred to as the 'Researches Utilizing Facilities'), conduct researches and studies concerning measures to promote the Researches Utilizing Facilities, promote international exchange that would contribute to the promotion of the Researches Utilizing Facilities and take other measures necessary to promote public utilization of the Specific Advanced Large Research Facilities.
- 第三十四条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第三十五条に規定する指導及び助言、第三十六条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第五項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、政令で定めるところにより、当該指定副産物に係る業種に属する事業を所管する大臣
- With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 34, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the guidance and advice under Article 35, the recommendation prescribed in Article 36, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 36, paragraph 2, the order under Article 36, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 5: the ministers who have jurisdiction, pursuant to the provision of Cabinet Order, over businesses that fall within industries pertaining to the respective Specified By-products.
- 原子力緊急事態宣言があった時から原子力緊急事態解除宣言があるまでの間においては、指定行政機関の長及び指定地方行政機関の長、地方公共団体の長その他の執行機関、指定公共機関及び指定地方公共機関、原子力事業者その他法令の規定により緊急事態応急対策の実施の責任を有する者は、法令、防災計画又は原子力事業者防災業務計画の定めるところにより、緊急事態応急対策を実施しなければならない。
- During the period from the issuance of a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation to the issuance of a declaration of the cancellation of a nuclear emergency situation, the heads of designated administrative organs and the heads of designated local administrative organs, the heads of local governments and other executive organs, designated public institutions and designated local public institutions, nuclear operators and other parties responsible for the implementation of emergency response measures pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations shall implement emergency response measures pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations, a disaster prevention plan or a nuclear operator emergency action plan.
- 食品の安全性の確保に関する施策の策定に当たっては、人の健康に悪影響 を及ぼすおそれがある生物学的、化学的若しくは物理的な要因又は状態であって、食品に含まれ、又は食品が置かれるおそれがあるものが当該食品が摂取される ことにより人の健康に及ぼす影響についての評価(以下「食品健康影響評価」という。)が施策ごとに行われなければならない。ただし、次に掲げる場合は、こ の限りでない。
- In formulating policies to ensure Food safety, assessment (hereinafter referred to as the 'Assessment of the Effect of Food on Health') shall be made for each policy on the effects that potentially harmful biological, chemical, or physical agents likely to be contained in Food, or conditions under which Food is likely to be placed, have on human health, through the ingestion of the Food, provided that this shall not apply to the following cases:
- この法律は、ものづくり基盤技術が国民経済において果たすべき重要な役割にかんがみ、近年における経済の多様かつ構造的な変化に適切に対処するため、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する施策の基本となる事項を定め、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進することにより、ものづくり基盤技術の水準の維持及び向上を図り、もって国民経済の健全な発展に資することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to ensure the maintenance and improvement of the level of core manufacturing technology by providing for matters that serve as the basis of measures relating to the promotion of core manufacturing technology and by driving forward measures on the promotion of core manufacturing technology in a comprehensive and organized manner, in order to appropriately deal with the diverse and structural changes of the economy in recent years, in view of the important role to be played by core manufacturing technology in the national economy, thereby contributing to the sound development of the national economy.
- 申請人が高等学校において教育を受けようとする場合は、年齢が二十歳以下であり、かつ、教育機関において一年以上の日本語の教育又は日本語による教育を受けていること。ただし、我が国の国若しくは地方公共団体の機関、独立行政法人、学校法人、公益社団法人又は公益財団法人の策定した学生交換計画その他これに準ずる国際交流計画に基づき生徒として受け入れられて教育を受けようとする場合は、この限りでない。
- In cases where the applicant is to study at an high school, he/she must be 20 years of age or younger and must have studied the Japanese language or must have received education in the Japanese language for at least 1 year at an educational institution; provided, however, that this shall not apply to cases where he/she is accepted for study based on a student exchange program or other equivalent international exchange program of the national government or of a local government, incorporated administrative agency, educational foundation, public interest incorporated association, or public interest incorporated foundation.
- 国は、排他的経済水域等(我が国の排他的経済水域、領海及び内水並びに大陸棚(排他的経済水域及び大陸棚に関する法律(平成八年法律第七十四号)第二条に規定する大陸棚をいう。)をいう。以下同じ。)における水産資源の適切な保存及び管理を図るため、最大持続生産量を実現することができる水準に水産資源を維持し又は回復させることを旨として、漁獲量及び漁獲努力量の管理その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take measures such as management of catch and fishing effort and others necessary for an appropriate conservation and management of fishery resources in Exclusive Economic Zone, etc. (the term 'Exclusive Economic Zone' as used in this Act shall mean the Japanese exclusive economic zones, territorial seas, inland water and continental shelf as provided in Article 2 of Act Concerning Exclusive Economic Zones and the Continental Shelf (Act No.74 of 1996). The same shall apply hereinafter.), aiming at the maintenance or recovery of fishery resources to the level that enables maximum sustainable production.
- 国は、我が国への石油の供給が不足する事態に備えて行う備蓄(以下単に「備蓄」という。)が、その事態が生じた場合における国民生活の安定と国民経済の円滑な運営の確保に欠くことのできないものであることにかんがみ、石油の貯蔵施設についての保安の確保に配意しつつこの法律による石油の備蓄の円滑化を図るための施策を講ずるとともに、石油の備蓄の確保の必要性について国民の理解を深めるよう努めなければならない。
- In view of the fact that the stockpiling of oil in preparation for a shortage in the supply of oil to Japan (hereinafter simply referred to as 'Stockpiling') is indispensable to the stability of lives of the citizenry and the smooth operation of the national economy in the event of an actual shortage, the government shall take measures for the facilitation of oil stockpiling under this Act considering the maintenance of a security system for oil storage facilities and strive to deepen national understanding for the necessity to secure a stockpile of oil.
- 普通保険の保険関係であって、地域産業集積関連保証に係るものについての中小企業信用保険法第三条第二項及び第五条の規定の適用については、同法第三条第二項中「百分の七十」とあり、及び同法第五条中「百分の七十(無担保保険、特別小口保険、流動資産担保保険、公害防止保険、エネルギー対策保険、海外投資関係保険、新事業開拓保険、事業再生保険及び特定社債保険にあつては、百分の八十)」とあるのは、「百分の八十」とする。
- With regard to the application of the provisions of Article 3, paragraph (2) and Article 5 of the Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Credit Insurance Act to insurance relationships of general insurance that pertain to a guarantee related to regional industrial clusters, the term '70 percent' in Article 3, paragraph (2) of the same Act and the term '70 percent (80 percent in the case of unsecured insurance, special petty insurance, current assets insurance, pollution prevention insurance, energy conservation insurance, overseas investment-related insurance, new business development insurance, business reconstruction insurance, and specific corporate bond insurance)' in Article 5 of the same Act shall be deemed to be replaced with '80 percent.'
- 指定行政機関の長(当該指定行政機関が委員会その他の合議制の機関である場合にあっては、当該指定行政機関。第十七条第六項第三号及び第二十条第三項を除き、以下同じ。)及び指定地方行政機関の長は、この法律の規定による地方公共団体の原子力災害予防対策、緊急事態応急対策及び原子力災害事後対策の実施が円滑に行われるように、その所掌事務について、当該地方公共団体に対し、勧告し、助言し、その他適切な措置をとらなければならない。
- The head of a designated administrative organ (in the case where said designated administrative organ is a committee or any other agency based on the council system, said designated administrative organ; the same shall apply hereinafter except in Article 17, paragraph 6, item (iii) and Article 20, paragraph 3) and the head of a designated local administrative organ shall, for the purpose of ensuring the smooth implementation of measures to prevent nuclear emergency, emergency response measures and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency by a local government under the provisions of this Act, make recommendations and give advice to said local government and take other appropriate measures with regard to the affairs under the jurisdiction of said local government.
- 国は、青少年をはじめ広く国民があらゆる機会を通じてものづくり基盤技術に対する関心と理解を深めるとともに、ものづくり基盤技術に関する能力を尊重する社会的気運が醸成されるよう、小学校、中学校等における技術に関する教育の充実をはじめとする学校教育及び社会教育におけるものづくり基盤技術に関する学習の振興、ものづくり基盤技術の重要性についての啓発並びにものづくり基盤技術に関する知識の普及に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- In order to increase the interest and understanding of the youth and other citizens in core manufacturing technology through the use of all kinds of opportunities and in order to promote the establishment of a social sentiment to respect abilities related to core manufacturing technology, the State shall take the necessary measures for the promotion of learning about core manufacturing technology in school education and social education including increasing education in technology in elementary schools, lower secondary schools and other schools, raising awareness about the importance of core manufacturing technology, and disseminating knowledge on core manufacturing technology.
- 機構は、当分の間、第十五条に規定する業務のほか、エネルギー等の使用 の合理化及び再生資源の利用に関する事業活動の促進に関する臨時措置法及び石油及びエネルギー需給構造高度化対策特別会計法の一部を改正する法律(平成十 五年法律第三十七号)の施行前に産業基盤整備基金が締結した債務保証契約に係る同法第一条による改正前の特定事業活動促進法第十条第一号の業務及びこれに 附帯する業務(以下「特定事業活動等促進経過業務」という。)を行う。
- In addition to the functions prescribed in Article 15, NEDO shall, until otherwise stipulated, perform the functions set forth in Article 10, item (i) of the Specific Business Activities Promotion Act prior to its revision under Article 1 of the Act for Partial Revision of the Act on Temporary Measures to Promote Business Activities for the Rational Use of Energy and the Utilization of Recycled Resources and under the Act on Special Accounts for Measures for Advancing the Supply and Demand Structure of Petroleum and Energy (Act No. 37 of 2003) related to loan guarantee contracts that the Industrial Infrastructure Development Fund had concluded prior to the enforcement of said Act, and shall perform other functions incidental thereto (hereinafter referred to as the 'transitional functions related to promoting specific business activities').
- しかし、日本では新たに植林をする場所がほとんどない上、むしろ森林所有者の管理放棄(特に人工林)や、相続税支払いのために売却・宅地転用 を余儀なくされる山林や農地の増加、さらに生産緑地地区農地課税の扱いが異なる自治体を施行したり、保安林維持予算の縮減・林野庁職員の大幅減員を行うなど政府与党の政策はむしろ逆行しているため、このままでは当初見込まれた吸収量を達する可能性が薄いと考えられており、達成できるかどうかは微妙な情勢である。
- However in Japan, there is little land for newly tree planting, and the mountain forests and farmlands increase, in which management has been abandoned by the forest owners (especially artificial forests) and/or disposition or diversion to building lots has been inevitably done in order to complete the inheritance tax payment; furthermore, the policies of the ruling party put a clock back, such as the enforcement of autonomous bodies where the taxations on productive green area farmlands are differently dealt with, the reduction of budget for keeping conservation forests, the large reduction of the staff in Forestry Agency and so on; therefore, it is considered to be difficult to achieve the absorption target initially expected.
- したがって、信長が日蓮法華宗を不当に弾圧したという歴史学上の見解には疑義が提出されているが、一方では、信長の陰謀というより、かねてから法華宗をどう諌めようか想定していた所へ、折も折、法論を契機として、それを口実にして乗っかっただけ、という指摘や、その後浄土真宗の一向一揆に対して行ったような大規模な弾圧が行われていないことより、経済的に豊かであった日蓮法華宗寺院及び信者から矢銭を調達するための策略であったとする指摘もされている。
- Therefore, a doubt has been cast on the historical opinion that Nobunaga wrongfully oppressed the Nichiren Hokkeshu sect, but on the other hand, there are other opinions, including one that Nobunaga had thought he should have somehow remonstrate the the Hokkeshu sect and he found a timely opportunity in the debate and he decided to merely take advantage of that instead of laying a plot; and that as the Nichiren Hokkeshu sect and its followers were rich, Nobunaga plotted to raise his war funds from the sect and followers, which was why he did not seriously oppress the sect unlike his actions on the Ikko-ikki uprisings of the Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) that occurred later.
- 知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策の推進は、創造性のある研究及び開発の成果の円滑な企業化を図り、知的財産を基軸とする新たな事業分野の開拓並びに経営の革新及び創業を促進することにより、我が国産業の技術力の強化及び活力の再生、地域における経済の活性化、並びに就業機会の増大をもたらし、もって我が国産業の国際競争力の強化及び内外の経済的環境の変化に的確に対応した我が国産業の持続的な発展に寄与するものとなることを旨として、行われなければならない。
- Measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property shall be promoted with the objective of achieving an intensification of the technical capabilities of Japanese industry and the revitalization of the industry, the activation of the local economy, and an increase in job opportunities, thereby contributing to the intensification of the international competitiveness of Japanese industry and a sustainable development of Japanese industry that precisely responds to the changes in the economic environment at home and abroad, through encouraging smooth transfer of the results of creative Research and Development into commercial use and promoting the development of new business fields, management innovation and business startups, all of which are based on intellectual property.
- 内閣は、新法第二十三条第一項又は第二項の規定により副総裁又は審議委員のそれぞれについて施行日以後最初に任命する者(第二項又は前項の規定により施行日に副総裁又は審議委員として任命されたものとみなされる者を除くものとし、その者の退任又は任期の満了後最初に任命する者を含む。)については、日本銀行の政策委員会の委員の任期の満了の期日が特定の年に偏ることのないよう、新法第二十四条第一項の規定にかかわらず、二年以上五年以内で内閣の定める任期をもって任命することができる。
- The Cabinet may appoint the first Deputy Governors or Members of the Policy Board after the day of enforcement pursuant to Article 23, paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 of the New Act (excluding persons deemed to have been appointed as Deputy Governors or Members of the Policy Board as on the day of enforcement as prescribed in paragraph 2 or the preceding paragraph and including the first Deputy Governors or Members of the Policy Board appointed after the resignation or the expiration of the term of office of such persons) by specifying the term of office between two years or more and five years or less so that the expiration dates of the Board members' terms of office range evenly, irrespective of the provisions of Article 24, paragraph 1 of the New Act.
- この法律は、我が国の排他的経済水域等における海洋生物資源について、そ の保存及び管理のための計画を策定し、並びに漁獲量及び漁獲努力量の管理のための所要の措置を講ずることにより、漁業法(昭和二十四年法律第二百六十七 号)又は水産資源保護法(昭和二十六年法律第三百十三号)による措置等と相まって、排他的経済水域等における海洋生物資源の保存及び管理を図り、あわせて 海洋法に関する国際連合条約の的確な実施を確保し、もって漁業の発展と水産物の供給の安定に資することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act shall be to preserve and control the living marine resources in Japan's exclusive economic zone, etc. in coordination with the measures, etc. taken under the Fishery Act (Act No. 267 of 1949) and the Marine Resources Protection Act (Act No. 313 of 1951), as well as to ensure the appropriate implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, for thereby contributing to the development of fisheries and the stable supply of aquatic products, by establishing a plan for the preservation and control of living marine resources in Japan's Exclusive Economic Zone, etc. and by taking the required measures to control the fish catch and the fishing effort.
- この日、西郷を中心に作戦会議が開かれ、小兵衛の「海路から長崎を奪い、そこから二軍に分かれて神戸・大阪と横浜・東京の本拠を急襲」する策、野村忍介の「三道に別れ、一は海路で長崎に出てそこから東上、一は海路から豊前・豊後を経て四国・大坂に出てそこから東上、一は熊本・佐賀・福岡を経ての陸路東上」する策即ち三道分進策が出されたが、小兵衛・野村忍介の策は3隻の汽船しかなく軍艦を持たない薩軍にとっては成功を期し難く、池上の「熊本城に一部の抑えをおき、主力は陸路で東上」する策が採用された。
- On the same day, SAIGO held a council of war, and Kohei proposed the plan that 'the troops should attack Nagasaki from sea and then divide into two groups, one of which would raid Kobe and Osaka and the other of which would raid Yokohama and the headquarters in Tokyo', whereas Oshisuke NOMURA proposed the plan of heading east through three courses that 'the army should divide into three groups, one of which would go to Nagasaki by sea and head east from there, another of which would go to Shikoku and Osaka by sea through Buzen and Bungo Provinces and head east from there, and the other of which would head east by land through Kumamoto, Saga, and Fukuoka,' but both of the plans seemed to have little chance of succeeding for the Satsuma army, which had no warship but only three steamships; finally, they adopted the IKEGAMI's plan of 'deploying part of the army in Kumamoto Castle to defend the region and having the main force headed east by land.'
- 原子力防災専門官は、その担当すべき原子力事業所として文部科学大臣又は経済産業大臣が指定した原子力事業所について、第七条第一項に規定する原子力事業者防災業務計画の作成及び第八条第一項に規定する原子力防災組織の設置その他原子力事業者が実施する原子力災害予防対策に関する指導及び助言を行うほか、第十条第一項前段の規定による通報があった場合には、その状況の把握のため必要な情報の収集、地方公共団体が行う情報の収集及び応急措置に関する助言その他原子力災害の発生又は拡大の防止の円滑な実施に必要な業務を行うものとする。
- A senior specialist for nuclear emergency preparedness shall, in addition to giving guidance and advice concerning the preparation of a nuclear operator emergency action plan under Article 7, paragraph 1, establishment of an on-site organization for nuclear emergency preparedness under Article 8, paragraph 1 or other measures to prevent nuclear emergency implemented by a nuclear operator with regard to a nuclear site that has been designated by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology or the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry as a nuclear site of which said senior specialist for nuclear emergency preparedness should take charge, collect information necessary for understanding the situation, give advice concerning the collection of information and emergency responses implemented by a local government and perform any other duties necessary to smoothly implement the prevention of the occurrence or progression (expansion) of a nuclear disaster in the case where there has been a notification under the provisions of the first sentence of Article 10, paragraph 1.
- エネルギーの安定的な供給については、世界のエネルギーに関する国際情勢が不安定な要素を有していること等にかんがみ、石油等の一次エネルギーの輸入における特定の地域への過度な依存を低減するとともに、我が国にとって重要なエネルギー資源の開発、エネルギー輸送体制の整備、エネルギーの備蓄及びエネルギーの利用の効率化を推進すること並びにエネルギーに関し適切な危機管理を行うこと等により、エネルギーの供給源の多様化、エネルギー自給率の向上及びエネルギーの分野における安全保障を図ることを基本として施策が講じられなければならない。
- With regard to the matter of securing a stable supply of energy, given that the international situation regarding world energy involves unstable factors and for other reasons, measures shall be taken with the basic aim of diversifying energy supply sources, increasing energy self-sufficiency and achieving stability in the energy sector by undertaking such measures as reducing excessive dependence on specific geographic regions for the import of primary energy sources such as oil, promoting the development of energy resources that are important to Japan, providing for energy transportation systems, promoting the stockpiling of energy and energy use efficiency, and implementing appropriate crisis management concerning energy.
- こ の法律は、エネルギーが国民生活の安定向上並びに国民経済の維持及び発展に欠くことのできないものであるとともに、その利用が地域及び地球の環境に大きな 影響を及ぼすことにかんがみ、エネルギーの需給に関する施策に関し、基本方針を定め、並びに国及び地方公共団体の責務等を明らかにするとともに、エネル ギーの需給に関する施策の基本となる事項を定めることにより、エネルギーの需給に関する施策を長期的、総合的かつ計画的に推進し、もって地域及び地球の環 境の保全に寄与するとともに我が国及び世界の経済社会の持続的な発展に貢献することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is, given that energy is essential for improving the stability of citizens' lives and for maintaining and developing the national economy and that its use has a major impact on the local and global environment, to promote measures on energy supply and demand on a long-term, comprehensive and systematic basis by laying down the basic policy and clarifying the responsibilities of the State and local public entities with respect to measures on energy supply and demand and by prescribing matters that form the basis of measures on energy supply and demand, thereby contributing to the preservation of the local and global environment and to the sustainable development of the Japanese and global economy and society.
- 地域における産業集積の形成及び活性化は、産業集積が事業者相互間における効率的な分業、事業高度化に資する情報の共有、研究開発における緊密な連携等を促進することにより、効率的かつ創造的な事業活動を可能とし、もって地域経済に活力をもたらすとともに我が国経済の生産性の向上に資するものであることにかんがみ、地方公共団体が緊密に連携して、企業立地の動向を踏まえつつ、地域における自然的、経済的及び社会的な特性に適合し、かつ、当該地域において産業集積の核となるべき業種について、集中的かつ効果的に施策を講ずることを旨として、行われなければならない。
- Considering that industrial clusters will enable efficient and creative business activities through promoting an efficient division of work among business operators, sharing information that may contribute to business innovation, and promoting closer coordination in research and development and will thereby re-energize local economies and contribute to the improvement of the productivity of the entirety of the Japanese economy, the formation and development of regional industrial clusters shall be carried out under close collaboration among local public entities, based on trends in the establishment of new business facilities, in view of taking measures intensively and effectively for industries that conform to the natural, economic and social characteristics of respective regions and can become the core of industrial clusters therein.
- 知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策の推進は、創造力の豊かな人材が育成され、その創造力が十分に発揮され、技術革新の進展にも対応した知的財産の国内及び国外における迅速かつ適正な保護が図られ、並びに経済社会において知的財産が積極的に活用されつつ、その価値が最大限に発揮されるために必要な環境の整備を行うことにより、広く国民が知的財産の恵沢を享受できる社会を実現するとともに、将来にわたり新たな知的財産の創造がなされる基盤を確立し、もって国民経済の健全な発展及び豊かな文化の創造に寄与するものとなることを旨として、行われなければならない。
- Measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property shall be promoted with the objective of realizing a society in which the public can enjoy the benefit of intellectual property and establishing a foundation for the creation of new intellectual property in the future, thereby contributing to the sound development of the national economy and the creation of rich culture, through developing an essential environment to develop human resources that are rich in creativity, effectively exercise such creativity, achieve prompt and appropriate protection of intellectual property in response to the progress in technical innovation at home and abroad, actively exploit intellectual property in the economy and society, and utilize its value to the maximum.
- この法律は、原子力災害の特殊性にかんがみ、原子力災害の予防に関する原子力事業者の義務等、原子力緊急事態宣言の発出及び原子力災害対策本部の設置等並びに緊急事態応急対策の実施その他原子力災害に関する事項について特別の措置を定めることにより、核原料物質、核燃料物質及び原子炉の規制に関する法律(昭和三十二年法律第百六十六号。以下「規制法」という。)、災害対策基本法(昭和三十六年法律第二百二十三号)その他原子力災害の防止に関する法律と相まって、原子力災害に対する対策の強化を図り、もって原子力災害から国民の生命、身体及び財産を保護することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to strengthen nuclear disaster control measures, in cooperation with the Act on Regulation of Nuclear Source Materials, Nuclear Fuel Materials and Reactors (Act No. 166 of 1957; hereinafter referred to as the 'Reactor Regulation Act'), the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures (Act No. 223 of 1961) and other Acts concerning nuclear disaster prevention, by providing special measures for the obligations, etc. of nuclear operators concerning nuclear disaster prevention, the issuance of a declaration of a nuclear emergency situation and the establishment, etc. of nuclear emergency response headquarters, and the implementation of emergency response measures and other matters relating to a nuclear disaster, taking into consideration the particularity of a nuclear disaster, thereby protecting the lives, bodies and properties of citizens from a nuclear disaster.
- この法律は、内外の社会経済情勢の変化に伴い、我が国産業の国際競争力の強化を図ることの必要性が増大している状況にかんがみ、新たな知的財産の創造及びその効果的な活用による付加価値の創出を基軸とする活力ある経済社会を実現するため、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関し、基本理念及びその実現を図るために基本となる事項を定め、国、地方公共団体、大学等及び事業者の責務を明らかにし、並びに知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する推進計画の作成について定めるとともに、知的財産戦略本部を設置することにより、知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策を集中的かつ計画的に推進することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is, for the objective of realizing a dynamic economy and society that is based on the creation of added values through the creation of new intellectual property and effective exploitation of such intellectual property in light of a growing necessity for intensifying the international competitiveness of Japanese industry in response to the changes in the social and economic situations at home and abroad, to promote measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property in a focused and systematic manner by stipulating the basic principles on the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property and the basic matters to achieve the principles, clarifying the responsibilities of national government, local governments, universities, etc. and business operators, establishing the Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters, and providing stipulations on the development of a strategic program on the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property.
- 原子力事業者は、その原子力事業所ごとに、主務省令で定めるところにより、当該原子力事業所における原子力災害予防対策、緊急事態応急対策及び原子力災害事後対策その他の原子力災害の発生及び拡大を防止し、並びに原子力災害の復旧を図るために必要な業務に関し、原子力事業者防災業務計画を作成し、及び毎年原子力事業者防災業務計画に検討を加え、必要があると認めるときは、これを修正しなければならない。この場合において、当該原子力事業者防災業務計画は、災害対策基本法第二条第十号に規定する地域防災計画及び石油コンビナート等災害防止法第三十一条第一項に規定する石油コンビナート等防災計画(次項において「地域防災計画等」という。)に抵触するものであってはならない。
- A nuclear operator shall, pursuant to the provisions of an ordinance of the competent ministry, prepare a nuclear operator emergency action plan with regard to its measures to prevent nuclear emergency, emergency response measures, and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency and other duties that are necessary for preventing the occurrence and progression (expansion) of a nuclear disaster and for promoting nuclear disaster recovery efforts, with respect to each of its nuclear sites, and review its nuclear operator emergency action plan every year and revise it if revision is found to be necessary. In this case, said nuclear operator emergency action plan shall not conflict with either any regional disaster prevention plan prescribed in Article 2, item (x) of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures or any disaster prevention plan for petroleum industrial complexes and other petroleum facilities prescribed in Article 31, paragraph 1 of the Act on the Prevention of Disasters in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities (referred to as a 'regional disaster prevention plan, etc.' in the next paragraph).
- 第二十六条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第二十七条第一項の規定による認定、第二十八条第一項の規定による変更の認定、第二十九条の規定による認定の取消し、第三十条の規定による意見、第三十二条に規定する指導及び助言、第三十三条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第三項及び第四項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、政令で定めるところにより、当該指定再資源化製品の製造、加工、修理若しくは販売の事業又は当該指定再資源化製品を部品として使用する第二十六条第一項の政令で定める製品の製造、加工、修理若しくは販売の事業を所管する大臣及び環境大臣
- With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 26, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the recognition under Article 27, paragraph 1, the recognition of change under Article 28, paragraph 1, the rescission of recognition under Article 29, the opinions under Article 30, the guidance and advice under Article 32, the recommendation prescribed in Article 33, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 33, paragraph 2, the order under Article 33, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 3 and paragraph 4: the ministers who have jurisdiction, pursuant to the provision of Cabinet Order, over businesses of manufacturing, processing, repairing or selling the respective Specified Resources-Recycled Products or businesses of manufacturing, processing, repairing or selling the products specified by Cabinet Order under Article 26, paragraph 1 that use the respective Specified Resources-Recycled Products as parts, or the Minister of the Environment.
- この追放令が出た背景には諸説あり、秀吉が有馬の女性を連れてくるように命令した際にキリシタンであることを理由に住民が拒否し秀吉が激怒したとも、九州征伐に向かった秀吉の目の前で、当時の日本イエズス会準管区長でもあったコエリョがスペイン艦隊が自分の指揮下にあるごとく誇示した事が原因とも、九州の有馬氏や大村氏などのキリシタン大名が寺社仏閣を破壊すると同時に、僧侶にも迫害を加えたり教会へ莫大な寄進を行っていた事が理由とも、また織田信長から継承した旧来の寺社領を解体して統一政権の支配下におく政策をイエズス会領である長崎にも適用しようとしてイエズス会側が従わなかったとも、宣教師の一部が人身売買(日本人を奴隷商品として国外へ売り払う)を行っていた事が原因とも言われている。
- There are various theories about the issuing of this Expelling edict and the cause could be that Hideyoshi was furious at the residents rejecting his order to bring a woman of Arima because she was Christian, that Coelho, Vice-Provincial of the Society of Jesus in Japan at that time boasted as if the Spanish Armada was under his command in front of Hideyoshi during the expedition to Kyusyu, that the Christian feudal lords such as ARIMA and OMURA in Kyushu destroyed shrines and temples as well as persecuted monks and made huge donations to the churches, and that the Society of Jesus did not obey when he tried to apply the policy to Nagasaki, the domain of the Society, they dissolved the old domains of temples and shrines inherited from Nobunaga ODA and place them under a unified regime, and that some of the missionaries conducted human trafficking (selling the Japanese to outside Japan as slaves).
- 原子力事業者は、前項の規定により原子力事業者防災業務計画を作成し、又は修正しようとするときは、政令で定めるところにより、あらかじめ、当該原子力事業所の区域を管轄する都道府県知事(以下「所在都道府県知事」という。)、当該原子力事業所の区域を管轄する市町村長(以下「所在市町村長」という。)及び当該原子力事業所の区域をその区域に含む市町村に隣接する市町村を包括する都道府県の都道府県知事(所在都道府県知事を除く。以下「関係隣接都道府県知事」という。)に協議しなければならない。この場合において、所在都道府県知事及び関係隣接都道府県知事は、関係周辺市町村長(その区域につき当該原子力事業所に係る原子力災害に関する地域防災計画等(災害対策基本法第二条第十号イ又はハに掲げるものを除く。)が作成されていることその他の政令で定める要件に該当する市町村の市町村長(所在市町村長を除く。)をいう。以下同じ。)の意見を聴くものとする。
- When a nuclear operator intends to prepare or revise a nuclear operator emergency action plan pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, it shall, pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Order, confer in advance with a prefectural governor who has jurisdiction over the area where the relevant nuclear site is located (hereinafter referred to as the 'competent prefectural governor'), the mayor of a municipality who has jurisdiction over said area (hereinafter referred to as the 'competent mayor of a municipality') and the prefectural governors of the prefectures which include a municipality that neighbors a municipality including said area (excluding the competent prefectural governor; hereinafter referred to as the 'related neighboring prefectural governors'). In this case, the competent prefectural governor and related neighboring prefectural governors shall hear the opinions of the mayors of related surrounding municipalities (which means the mayors of municipalities which have prepared a regional disaster prevention plan, etc. (excluding those listed in Article 2, item (x) (a) or (c) of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures) concerning nuclear disasters pertaining to said nuclear site with regard to the municipal area and fulfill other requirements specified by a Cabinet Order (excluding the competent mayor of a municipality); the same shall apply hereinafter ).
- ものづくり基盤技術は、我が国の基幹的な産業である製造業の発展を支えることにより、生産の拡 大、貿易の振興、新産業の創出、雇用の増大等国民経済のあらゆる領域にわたりその発展に寄与するとともに、国民生活の向上に貢献してきた。また、ものづく り基盤技術に係る業務に従事する労働者は、このようなものづくり基盤技術の担い手として、その水準の維持及び向上のために重要な役割を果たしてきた。我ら は、このようなものづくり基盤技術及びこれに係る業務に従事する労働者の果たす経済的社会的役割が、国の存立基盤を形成する重要な要素として、今後におい ても変わることのないことを確信する。しかるに、近時、就業構造の変化、海外の地域における工業化の進展等による競争条件の変化その他の経済の多様かつ構 造的な変化による影響を受け、国内総生産に占める製造業の割合が低下し、その衰退が懸念されるとともに、ものづくり基盤技術の継承が困難になりつつある。 このような事態に対処して、我が国の国民経済が国の基幹的な産業である製造業の発展を通じて今後とも健全に発展していくためには、ものづくり基盤技術に関 する能力を尊重する社会的気運を醸成しつつ、ものづくり基盤技術の積極的な振興を図ることが不可欠である。ここに、ものづくり基盤技術の振興に関する施策 を総合的かつ計画的に推進するため、この法律を制定する。
- By way of supporting the development of the manufacturing industry, which is Japan's fundamental industry, core manufacturing technology has contributed to the development of all areas of the national economy such as expansion of production, promotion of trade, creation of new industries, and increase in employment, and has contributed to improving the lives of the citizenry. In addition, workers engaged in operations pertaining to core manufacturing technology have played an important role in maintaining and improving the level of the technology in their capacity as supporters of such core manufacturing technology. We believe that the economic and social role of such core manufacturing technology and workers who engage in operations pertaining thereto will continue to be an important element in the foundation of the existence of the State in the future. Recently, however, due to changes in the employment structure, changes in competitive conditions resulting from factors like the progress of industrialization overseas, and other diverse and structural changes in the economy, the share of the manufacturing industry in Japan's gross domestic product has fallen, and concerns about a decline in the industry have grown, and the smooth succession of core manufacturing technology is becoming difficult. In order to deal with such a situation and to maintain the sound development of Japan's national economy through the development of the manufacturing industry, which is a fundamental to the State, that the active promotion of core manufacturing technology is indispensable, while a social tendency to respect abilities related to core manufacturing technology is enhanced. We hereby establish this Act so as to drive forward measures for the promotion of core manufacturing technology in a comprehensive and organized manner.