立: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 成立期
- Established period
- The period when the kokuga forces system was established
- The formative period
- Formative Stage
- 成立年代
- Establishing period
- Date of Completion
- 成立と意義
- The establishment and the meaning of Chiten
- 梅若流設立
- Foundation of Umewaka-ryu School
- 遊郭の成立
- Establishment of Yukaku
- 2本立て映画
- double feature (movie)
- 鎌倉との対立
- Antagonism against Kamakura
- 近代国家の確立
- The Establishment of the modern nation
- 同年、立太子。
- He became the crown prince in the year described above.
- 敦明親王立太子。
- Imperial Prince Atsuakira was formally installed as the Crown Prince.
- 10月、立親王。
- In October, he became an imperial prince.
- 成立は室町時代。
- It was written in the Muromachi Period.
- It was accomplished in the Muromachi Period.
- It was created in the Muromachi period.
- 競技かるたの成立
- Establishment of Kyogi Karuta
- 朝鮮の独立の承認
- Acknowledgement of Korea's independence
- 三笠宮家より独立。
- The House of Prince Katsura has become independent of the House of Prince Mikasa.
- 無双仕立て)とする。
- muso jutate (a kimono with a lining of the same fabric)
- 1289年、立太子。
- 1289: He became Crown Prince.
- 伊勢神宮外宮を建立。
- He had the Geku (the outer shrine) of the Ise-jinja Shrine constructed.
- 年(8年)に立太子。
- In the year of 8, he was formally installed as Crown Prince.
- 『助六』の成立と変遷
- Establishment and Transition of 'Sukeroku'
- (はやく立ちなさい。
- Leave quickly.
- 19世紀初頭に成立。
- It was compiled in the early nineteenth century.
- 成立は安土桃山時代。
- Yukaku was established in the Azuchi-momoyama period.
- 平氏との対立、院政停止
- The opposition against the Taira clan, the suspension of the cloistered government
- 同年3月、中宮に冊立。
- In April of the same year, she became Chugu.
- 同年4月、中宮に冊立。
- In April 1190, it was formally decided for her to become the second consort.
- 江戸時代の宮将軍擁立説
- The story regarding the establishment of Miyashogun during Edo period
- 商談成立も手打ちである。
- Teuchi is also used when business arrangements are completed.
- 生後2ヶ月足らずで立太子。
- He became the crown prince at the age of two months.
- - 宝皇女を皇后に立てる。
- Married with Takara no Himemiko.
- 草壁皇子を皇太子に立てる。
- He put the Prince Kusakabe to be the crown prince.
- 大手をひろげて立つたりける
- Kanpei stands in front with his arms spread wide.
- 立春の日:0.5%(43)
- The first day of spring: 0.5%(43)
- 同年4月、敦仁親王が立太子。
- In May of the same year, Imperial Prince Atsuhito became the Crown Prince.
- 同年8月に中宮に冊立される。
- In September 1261, she was formally installed as chugu.
- 加賀橋立石川県加賀市船主集落
- Kaga Hashidate, Kaga City, Ishikawa Prefecture, senshu village
- 普賢菩薩像(東京国立博物館)
- Fugen bosatsu (Tokyo National Museum)
- The painting of Fugen Bosatsu (Bodhisattva of Practice): owned by Tokyo National Museum
- 詳しくは立回りや殺陣を参照。
- For more details, refer to Tachimawari or Tate.
- 嘉永4年(1851年)成立。
- It was compiled in 1851.
- 民撰議院設立建白書、台湾出兵
- An opinion paper on establishing democratically elected parliament was presented and the troops were dispatched to Taiwan.
- 立ち食い形式のすし屋の名残り。
- Tracing back to stand-up sushi shops ('tachi' means standing-up).
- 呉炳本蘭亭序(東京国立博物館)
- The Gohei-bon Ranteijo (the rubbed copy of the monument which the handwritings of Wang Xi-Zhi were carved on) (Tokyo National Museum)
- 翌12月には親王は立太子された。
- In the following year, in December, the Prince became the Crown Prince.
- 天長4年(827年)皇后に冊立。
- She was officially appointed as the empress in 827.
- 二条親政派との対立、平氏との提携
- Antagonism against Nijo's directly run government, continued with the cooperation with the Taira clan
- 加賀市加賀橋立2005年船主集落
- Kaga Hashidate, Kaga City, 2005, senshu (ship-owner) village
- 静はその場から泣きつつ立ち去る。
- Shizuka leaves the scene in tears.
- 箸をご飯に突き刺して立てる所作。
- To make chopsticks stand on rice by pinking.
- 同5年(1091年)、中宮に冊立。
- She was officially appointed as Chugu in 1091.
- - 法起寺(斑鳩町)建立と伝える。
- It is said that he built the Hokki-ji temple (Ikaruga Town).
- 保元元年(1156年)中宮に冊立。
- In 1156, she was formally installed as chugu.
- 皇位の両統迭立のきっかけとなった。
- This was the start to the Ryoto-testuritsu (alternative succession) of the imperial throne.
- 箸を食器等に突き立てて揃える所作。
- To tap chopsticks on utensils, etc. to line up the tips of chopsticks.
- 扇物狂いと呼ばれる程、扇が目立つ。
- The fan is so impressive that it is called ogimonogurui (mad fan).
- 夕霧はその命をうけて九州へ旅立つ。
- Yugiri leaves for Kyushu following his order.
- この、試合の始まりを立合いという。
- This initial charge is called tachiai.
- 17世紀半ばの成立と見られている。
- It is considered to have been compiled in the middle of the seventeenth century.
- 館山市立博物館分館(千葉県館山市)
- Branch of Tateyama Museum (Tateyama City, Chiba Prefecture)
- 後に甥安徳天皇の准母として立后した。
- She was later selected as Crown Princess as the stepmother of her nephew Emperor Antoku.
- 立ち回りがあって、助六は意休を切る。
- After a fight, Sukeroku kills Ikyu.
- 1924年9月創業、設立1949年。
- It was founded in September 1924 and established in 1949.
- 後冷泉天皇は三后並立の唯一の例である。
- There was only one example of having Sango heiritsu (having three Empresses at the same time) during the Emperor Goreizei's reign.
- 同7年(1093年)2月、中宮に冊立。
- Formally decided that she should become the second consort in February 1093.
- 趙孟十三跋・臨蘭亭序(東京国立博物館)
- The Chomo Jusanbatsu Rinranteijo (the copy of the Ranteijo introducing Wang Xi-Zhi's handwritings) (Tokyo National Museum)
- 十二天像(東寺伝来・京都国立博物館蔵)
- Twelve Devas (To-ji Temple's ancestral property, owned by Kyoto National Museum)
- フランス語で「特注の仕立て服」のこと。
- It is a French word, and refers to 'tailored clothes for special orders.'
- 母は、九条良経の娘、東一条院・九条立子。
- His mother was Yoshitsune KUJO's daughter, Higashi Ichijoin Risshi KUJO.
- 4月に女御宣旨を受け、10月中宮に冊立。
- She became Nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court (a consort of an emperor)) in May by the Imperial decree and became Chugu in October.
- はっきりとした成立年代はわかっていない。
- The period of establishment is unknown.
- 楷書の成立と紀元を同じくすると言われる。
- It is said that this was established at the same time as kaisho (Chinese characters in standard [square] style).
- 京都写真家協会展(京都府立文化芸術会館)
- The Kyoto Photographers' Society Exhibition (Kyoto Prefectural Center for Arts and Culture)
- 同時に長男恒貞親王が仁明天皇皇太子に立坊。
- Her eldest son, Imperial Prince Tsunesada, was officially appointed as the Crown Prince of Emperor Ninmyo.
- 『古事記』によれば、允恭23年立太子する。
- According to the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), Kinashi no karu no miko was formally installed as Crown Prince in A.D. 434.
- 一とまづ立ちこえ、時節を待つてお詫びせん」
- Carry on for the time being and I will apologize later when I get the opportunity.
- 大きく分けて、次の4編の物語から成り立つ。
- 'Kanadehon Chushingura' is basically composed of four stories shown below.
- 現在は東京国立博物館の所蔵品となっている。
- Presently it is in the collection of the Tokyo National Museum.
- 神武天皇42年(紀元前619年?)に立太子。
- Emperor Suizei celebrated his investiture as Crown Prince in 619 B.C. (?).
- 同3月7日 (4月6日)、中宮に冊立される。
- She was appointed as Chugu in April 6, 1794.
- 親王の薨去は菅原道真の祟りとの風評も立った。
- A rumor spread that the demise of the prince was the direct influence of the evil spirit of SUGAWARA no Michizane.
- 長谷雄は怪しみながらも、勝負を受けて立った。
- Haseo, despite feeling suspicious of the man, accepted the challenge.
- 1420年ごろに成立した世阿弥真撰の能伝書。
- This document is a written record on noh play which was created around 1420 and contains genuine selections by Zeami.
- 組み立てる際に糊や針金などを使う場合がある。
- When the models are put together, glue or wires may be used.
- 兄・平城天皇の即位に伴って皇太弟に立てられる。
- Emperor Saga became the second prince when his brother, Emperor Heizei, was enthroned.
- 1348年(貞和4年 / 正平3年)に立太子。
- He became Crown Prince in 1348.
- 安寧天皇11年(紀元前538年)1月に立太子。
- In February, 538 B.C., he was formally installed as Crown Prince.
- 孝安天皇76年(紀元前317年)正月に立太子。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince in February, 317 B.C.
- そこには「不改常典と立て賜った食国法」とある。
- There, the phrase 'the law of the nation's governance legislated as Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten' is found.
- 若い美女が数人連れ立って紅葉見物にやってきた。
- Several young beautiful women have come to view the autumn foliage together.
- ついで人長が軾の前に行き、神殿に向かって立つ。
- Next, the nincho goes in front of the shoku and stands, facing the shrine.
- - 創立25周年をもって、京都写真家協会に改称
- On the twenty-fifth anniversary of its founding, it was renamed as the Kyoto Photographers' Society.
- 小都市の夜市は土曜日だけなど限られた日に立つ。
- The Night Market in smaller cities are only open a limited number of days, such as Saturday.
- にもかかわらず、「素腹の后」遵子を中宮に立てた。
- Despite the above, the Emperor appointed Junshi, who could not have children, as the second consort of an Emperor.
- 明和5年2月19日(1768年4月6日) 立太子
- He officially became Crown Prince on April 6, 1768.
- このとき、先立の中宮洞院佶子は皇后となっている。
- Empress Kitsushi TOIN had been an empress by that time.
- 延喜4年(904年)に2歳で立太子、東宮となる。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince when he was 2-years old in 904.
- ろ過機(ろ紙型カーボンフィルタ)の組立てを行う。
- Assembling of filtration machine (paper type carbon filter).
- なお漢詩は歌謡から独立して朗読する文芸となった。
- Chinese poetry ('Kanshi' in Japanese) became the literature for reciting, separately from kayo.
- 重要文化財として京都国立博物館に所蔵されている。
- It is held by the Kyoto National Museum as an Important Cultural Property.
- 現在、模擬天守は館山市立博物館分館となっている。
- Today the imitation tenshu (keep) is used as Branch of the Tateyama Museum.
- 最終的には渋川家・山路家・足立家のみが存続した。
- Finally, only Shibukawa family, Yamaji family and Adachi family survived until the end of Edo period.
- 第一皇子の広平親王を押しのけて生後間もなく立太子。
- He was chosen over Prince Hirohira and became the crown prince soon after his birth.
- ここに、二条親政派と後白河院政派の対立が始まった。
- This was the beginning of the confrontation between Emperor Nijo's directly ruled government force and the force of Emperor Goshirakawa.
- そして邦良親王、その急逝後は量仁親王が立太子した。
- Accordingly, Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi was formally installed as the Imperial Prince, succeeded by Imperial Prince Kazuhito after the demise of Kuniyoshi.
- 遠くに富士が見えるのを背景にお軽勘平が立っている。
- Okaru and Kanpei are standing with Mt. Fuji behind them in the distance.
- 「とくとく立てや (中略) 心許すな関守の人々。」
- Leave quickly. Do not trust the barrier keeper.'
- 足場の組立て等作業主任者などを所持することが多い。
- There are many tobishoku who are the certificate holders of 'Operation chief of assembling, etc. of scaffolding.'
- 定九郎は猪から逃げようと後ろ向きながら立ち上がる。
- In order to escape from the inoshishi, Sadakuro stands up while looking back over his shoulders.
- ちゃんこ鍋は外食産業の一分野としても成立している。
- The chankonabe has been established as well as a field of the restaurant industry.
- 寿月観前庭の飛び石や、庭に立つ袖石灯篭も有名である。
- The Steppingstones in the front garden of Jugetsukan and the Sodeishi lantern which stands in the garden are also famous.
- 明治天皇は、近代の天皇制が確立した時期の天皇である。
- Emperor Meiji was the Emperor during a time when the modern Emperor system was established.
- 寛平元年(889年)親王宣下、同5年4月2日立太子。
- In 889 he received a Shino senge and became a crown prince on April 2, 889.
- 母は、九条道家の娘、藻壁門院・九条竴子(竴は、立尊)
- His mother was Michiie KUJO's daughter, Sohekimon in Sonshi KUJO.
- 行燈山古墳は、形状が帆立貝形古墳(初期の前方後円墳。
- Andon-yama Tomb is a scallop shaped tomb (early keyhole-shaped tomb mound;
- 内親王宣下、後堀河天皇准母として皇后宮に冊立される。
- She was given title of Imperial Princess under the imperial proclamation, and became Kisainomiya as Junbo of Emperor Gohorikawa under the imperial investiture.
- 恒貞親王が廃太子され、道康親王(文徳天皇)が立太子。
- Imperial Prince Tsunesada was uncrowned and Imperial Prince Michiyasu (latter day Emperor Montoku) had an investiture of the Crown Prince.
- 助六は自分の不明を恥じ、じっとこらえる(辛抱立役)。
- Sukeroku was ashamed of his ignorance, and was patient and scolded by his mother--This scene is categorized as a quiet performance for male active role called 'ShinboTachiyaku' which requires superior acting ability.
- 定家仮名遣に先立つ古い時代の歴史的仮名遣ともされる。
- It is recognized as a historical phonetic orthography in ancient times, preceding Teika Kanazukai (phonetic orthography established by FUJIWARA no Teika in the Kamakura period).
- 上方和事の、柔弱でやや滑稽味を帯びた立役をこう呼ぶ。
- It is a male role of a weak-willed but somewhat comical character in Kamigata wagoto (a soft style of acting in Kamigata [the Kyoto-Osaka area] Kabuki).
- これを仕切りといい、立ち会いが成立するまで繰り返す。
- This step is called shikiri, and the wrestlers should repeat this until their tachiai (rising from a crouch to attack) was successfully made.
- 立合いは、世界では見られない、日本独自の方法である。
- Tachiai is unique to Japan and no other countries start their matches in this way.
- それに対して男は髭の上に櫓(砦)を組んで立ち向かう。
- Against the attack, a man countered by building yagura (turret) (fortress) on his mustachios.
- 和菓子職人としての修行を積み、のれん分けにより独立。
- He trained to become a skilled artisan of Japanese sweets, and became independent by setting up a branch of the same shop to share the clientele.
- 大判事清澄と太宰の後室定高は領地争いで対立している。
- Daihanji (senior judge) Kiyosumi and Sadaka, widow of Dazai, have a conflict over territory.
- それを演じることにより光秀が謀反に走るのが引き立つ。
- This performance as a monstrous master presents great conviction to the idea of Mitsuhide turning to rebellion.
- 寛徳2年(1045年)後朱雀天皇崩御、尊仁親王立太子。
- In 1045, after Emperor Gosuzaku died, Imperial Prince Takahito became Crown Prince.
- 外戚の力関係で憲平親王が立太子し、後の冷泉天皇となる。
- However, Imperial Prince Norihira was formally installed as the Crown Prince with the power of the maternal relative, and later became Emperor Reizei.
- 曙立王(あけたつのおう)は、『古事記』に登場する皇族。
- Aketatsu no o was a member of the Imperial family, who appeared in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters).
- 寿永元年(1182年)安徳天皇准母として皇后宮に冊立。
- In 1182, it was decided for her to be Kisai no miya (empress) as the stepmother of Emperor Antoku.
- 南朝君臣は神器を奉じて吉野を出立し、京都大覚寺に到着。
- Lords and vassals of the Southern Court left Yoshino, offering jingi (the sacred treasures), and arrived at Kyoto Daikaku-ji Temple.
- 以降は両統迭立することで和解が成立したといわれている。
- A settlement was reached by the alternative succession of emperors of Daikakuji-to line and Jimyoin-to line after Emperor Kogon.
- 供の者たちも、以下のように言って立ち向かう勢いである。
- The attendants are also ready to stand up, saying as follows.
- 前述の辻占とは独立に発生したもので、直接の関係はない。
- This came into being independently from the tsujiura previously mentioned, and is not directly related to it.
- その結果、大久保利通の独裁体制が確立することとなった。
- As a result, the dictatorship of Toshimichi OKUBO became established.
- 永観2年(984年)、花山天皇の時、皇太子に立てられる。
- He became the crown prince in 984, when Emperor Kazan was in power.
- 頼子妃も日本赤十字社では夫宮にならい、婦人会を設立した。
- Empress Yoriko also established the woman's club of the Japanese Red Cross Society following her husband's work.
- このタイプは台座に固定された立像で、着せ替えができない。
- The doll of this type is a standing statue fixed onto a pedestal and its outfit cannot be changed.
- 本来ならば情緒ある風景に、目立つ看板をいくつも立てる行為
- The act of posting many distracting signs in the scenery with good atmosphere.
- 対岸のウマの足の立つところにいってふたたびウマに乗った。
- The rider mounted the horse again when the water got shallow enough for it to stand as it reached the opposite bank of the river.
- ろ過機(ろ紙型カーボンフィルタ)の組立て及びろ過を行う。
- Assembling of filtration machine (paper type carbon filter) and filtration.
- 2つのやくざ勢力が対立するこの町に、流離の浪人が現れた。
- A wandering masterless samurai appears in a town disputed by two different yakuza (Japanese mafia) gangs.
- 徒なりと 名にこそ立てれ 櫻花 年に稀なる 人も待ちけり
- Called fleeting, said to be so, cherry blossoms, even those rare in the year, they wait for
- 文楽成立以前の人形浄瑠璃については、浄瑠璃も参照のこと。
- For ningyo-joruri before establishment of bunraku, see joruri.
- 積立金から「講」に所属する農地や財産を置く場合があった。
- Reserve funds were sometimes used for acquiring farm lands and other properties belonging to the 'ko.'
- なお穏子立后の際に中宮職が置かれ、以後これが主流となった。
- When Onshi/Yasuko became the consort of the Emperor, the post of the second consort was created and it became mainstream after that.
- 延暦4年(785年)、叔父の早良親王に代わり立太子される。
- In 785, the Emperor Heizei became the crown prince to succeed his uncle, Prince Sawara.
- これ以降、後白河院政派と二条親政派の対立は膠着状態となる。
- After that, Goshirakawa in's forces and Nijo's directly run government forces, were deadlocked.
- 697年、草壁皇子の遺児、文武天皇を15歳で立太子させた。
- In 697, she gave the investiture of the Crown Prince to Emperor Monmu, a posthumous child of Kusakabe no Miko, at the age of 15.
- 清和源氏は清和天皇を祖とする皇胤が源姓を賜り成立した一族。
- Seiwa-Genji was a family of Imperial descendants of Emperor Seiwa, who were given the family name, Minamoto.
- これにより「荒事の成田屋」という看板が確立したといわれる。
- It is said that by this performance, the feature attraction of 'Aragoto no Naritaya' (aragoto (kabuki play featuring exaggerated posture, makeup, and costume) at Naritaya) was established.
- 勿論、立派な刀を持っている子供は、他の児童の羨望を集めた。
- Of course, children envied those who had fine swords
- 戦後の歌舞伎では四段目の後に独立した演目として設けられる。
- In the case of post-war Kabuki, it is performed as an independent performance after Act Four.
- 体重制を取らなくても勝負が成立する理由の一つもここにある。
- This is one of the reasons why sumo tournaments can have fair matches without weight categories.
- 使用する扇は負修羅扇と言われ、図柄は「立波に入日」である。
- The ogi used in the performance is called Makeshura-Ogi on which 'rising waves and the setting sun' is drawn.
- 鍋料理としての「ちゃんこ」が確立されたのは明治時代である。
- It was the Meiji period when 'chanko' was established as hot pod dishes.
- 延喜9年(909年)従三位、延長元年(923年)中宮に冊立。
- In 909, she was given the rank of Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank), then officially became the second consort of the Emperor by royal edict in 923.
- 実際、院政が本格化すると皇太子を立てることがなくなっている。
- In fact, when the cloistered government developed full-scale, there was no need to have an official Crown Prince.
- 明治天皇の命によって設立された現在の学習院大学の前身である。
- This was a predecessor of the current Gakushuin University, which was built by Emperor Meiji's order.
- 康保4年(967年)に冷泉天皇が即位、それに伴い中宮に立后。
- Emperor Reizei ascended to the throne in 967 and she became Chugu accordingly.
- 以来、皇后は同時に2人まで冊立することができるようになった。
- Since then, up to two people could ascend to the throne as empress simultaneously.
- これらの国が田畑の少なさにもかかわらず一国として成立していた
- Each province was approved as one province despite the limited farm land.
- が、文永9年(1272年)に夫に先立たれたのを機に出家した。
- However, she became a Buddhist nun when her husband passed away in 1272.
- (福沢諭吉『西洋事情』1866年よりアメリカ独立宣言の一節)
- (Passage from the Declaration of Independence in 'Seiyo Jijyo' 1866 by Yukichi FUKUZAWA)
- 類似のものに、橋のたもとに立って占う橋占(はしうら)がある。
- There is a similar one called hashiura (bridge fortune-telling) which was done at the foot of a bridge.
- 「亡君の石碑建立の御用金を集めている、合点か」と謎を掛ける。
- He tests Kanpei by saying, 'I am collecting money for the construction of a stone monument for our deceased master, do you understand ?'
- 原典には、馬琴による小説仕立ての「あとがき」が置かれている。
- The original has an 'afterword' in the form of a story written by Bakin.
- また、清和源氏を称する徳川氏の上に立つという意志も見て取れる。
- Also, there was an indication that the Emperor meant to be in a higher position than the Tokugawa clan, who called themselves the Minamoto clan, which originated from Emperor Seiwa.
- これによって帝も廃立され、後高倉院の皇子後堀河天皇に譲位した。
- Due to this incident the Emperor lost his position, the Imperial throne was passed to Gotakakurain's Prince, the Emperor Gohorikawa.
- また、この時代に北条氏が鎌倉幕府を掌握し、執権政治を確立する。
- During this period the Hojo clan took control of the Kamakura bakufu and established regency politics.
- 48年4月(紀元前50年)、夢の前兆により皇太子に立てられる。
- In May 50 B.C., he was appointed as Imperial Prince by revelation in a dream.
- 伊勢神宮を構成する神社と施設としては唯一近代以降の創立である。
- This is the only part of Ise-jingu Shrine established in the modern era.
- 皇后(後の持統天皇)の病気平癒を祈って薬師寺を建立させている。
- The Emperor Tenmu built Yakushi-ji Temple, wishing for the Empress (later Empress Jito) to get back on her feet.
- 詞は後には詩と同様、音楽性から独立して朗読されるようになった。
- Ci, as with shi (poetry), later came to be recited separately from music.
- 討幕派と旧幕府勢力による戊辰戦争を経て明治新政府を成立させた。
- After the Boshin War between the anti-Shogunate faction and the former Shogunate force, the New Meiji government came into existence.
- 小寺・青山の対立という史実を元に脚色された物と考えられている。
- This story is considered to be a dramatized version of a historical fact, the antagonism between Odera and Aoyama.
- 初冬の観客の心が浮き立つような賑やかな華やかな内容が選ばれた。
- The idea was to devise a buoyant and glamorous program to entertain the audience in early winter.
- 神奈川県立近代美術館葉山館 (神奈川県三浦郡葉山町にある別邸跡。
- The Museum of Modern Art, Hayama (the place that used to be a villa, located at Hayama-machi, Miura-gun, Kanagawa Prefecture.
- この時は、立烏帽子ではなく冠をかぶった(この形を冠直衣という)。
- During this time those people had to wear a crown instead of wearing eboshi. (this style is called 冠直衣 - Crown and Noshi style.)
- 煕子女王に先立たれた朱雀天皇が詠んだ和歌一首が『玉葉集』にある。
- A waka (Japanese poem) which Emperor Suzaku created when Princess Kishi (Hiroko) died before him, was included in 'Gyokuyo shu.'
- 函根(箱根)離宮(現在の神奈川県立恩賜箱根公園):神奈川県箱根町
- Hakone Imperial Villa (current Kanagawa Prefecture Hakone Royal Garden): Hakone-cho, Kanagawa Prefecture
- 皇太子には藤原道長女藤原彰子腹の敦成親王(後一条天皇)が立った。
- Prince Atsuhira (later Emperor Go-Ichijo), the son of FUJIWARA no Shoshi (a daughter of FUJIWARA no Michinaga), became the crown prince.
- 高岳親王は皇太子を廃され、大伴親王(後の淳和天皇)が立てられた。
- The prince Takaoka was thus denied the status of crown prince, and Prince Otomo (the future Emperor Junna) was set up as the crown prince.
- この対立は平治元年(1159年)に頂点に達し平治の乱が勃発する。
- This antagonism reached it's peak and the Heiji War occurred in 1159.
- 後嵯峨天皇の意志により文永五年(1268年)生後8ヶ月で立太子。
- He became Crown Prince in 1268 when he was eight months old with the intention of Emperor Gosaga.
- 2年2月(紀元前28年)に狭穂姫を立后、10月、纒向に遷都した。
- He decreed Saohime (Princess Sao) to be the Empress in March, 28 B.C., and transferred the capital to Makimuku in November.
- 親王は後宇多天皇に寵愛され猶子となり、権中納言に取り立てられる。
- Favored by Emperor Gouda, the Imperial Prince was adopted by the Emperor and promoted to the Gon Chunagon (Provisional Middle Counselor).
- 三重県多気郡多気町の式内社・佐那神社は天手力男神と曙立王を祀る。
- Sana-jinja Shrine, which is a Shikinai-sha (shrine listed in the Engishiki code) and located in Taki-machi, Taki-gun, Mie Prefecture, enshrines Amenotajikarao-no-kami and Aketatsu no o.
- 光仁天皇の皇后として、称徳天皇の妹である井上内親王が立てられた。
- A younger sister of the Empress Shotoku, Imperial Princess Inoe, was chosen as the empress to the Emperor Konin.
- 足利尊氏は京都を奪還し、後醍醐らは吉野へ逃れて南朝を成立させる。
- Takauji ASHIKAGA regained Kyoto, and Emperor Godaigo and his followers fled to Yoshino and established the Southern Court.
- ここに至り、清和源氏が武家の棟梁となる慣習が確立したと言われる。
- It is said that a custom was established then to have the head of the samurai family from Seiwa-Genji.
- 二条天皇が即位した翌年の平治元年(1159年)中宮に冊立された。
- In the year after the Emperor Nijo ascended the throne (1159), it was formally decided for her to be Chugu (the Empress).
- 「意休さんと助六さんを並べて見るときは、こちらは立派な男振り。」
- When I compare you with Sukeroku, he is a handsome strong man.'
- 香炉台の前に立ち、曾我の三人兄弟は力を合わせるのが大切だと説く。
- Ikyu stands before a three-legged incense burner, pointing out that the three SOGA brothers should unite steadfastly like the burner.
- 少将が旅立って以降班女は酌も取らずに扇を見つめている毎日である。
- Since Shosho has gone, Hanjo spent days looking at the fan and stopped serving at banquets.
- 「花子が京に来る事があれば立ち寄ってくれ」と言付けて京に向かう。
- He left a message 'If Hanago ever comes to Kyoto, drop in' and headed for Kyoto.
- また、粥杖をなわしろの水口に立てて田の神に献じ、豊作を祈願した。
- The kayuzue was also erected at the water inlet of the rice plant nursery as an offering to the deity of the rice field in prayer for a good harvest.
- ついで人長が本方に立つと、本歌方が進んで庭燎を奏し、本方に着く。
- When the nincho stands on the motokata side, motoutakata (本歌方) (the first singers) come, sing Niwabi and take their places on the seat of the motokata.
- 奥田東(全回出席。立春の日。人間社会でなく国土に重きをおくべき)
- Azuma OKUDA (He attended all the meetings. Day of Risshun [the first day of spring]. An importance should be placed not on the human society but on the land.)
- 京都、江戸、大坂ともに万治、寛文には顔見世がほぼ確立したらしい。
- It is thought that the tradition of kaomise was established between the Manji and the Kanbun era in Kyoto, Edo and Osaka.
- 鳥羽院が治天を継承し廷臣を統率、後ろ盾を持たぬ幼帝崇徳は孤立した。
- After the Toba in succeeded to take over the Cloistered government and control his aides, the young Emperor Sutoku was alone without having any political support.
- 尊朝法親王は書道に優れ、青蓮院流から、その別流の尊朝流を創立した。
- Cloistered Imperial Prince Soncho was talented in calligraphy, he established another style of calligraphy, the Soncho style out of Shoren-in Style.
- 幕府は、代わりに上皇の皇子・光厳天皇を立て、しばらく院政を行った。
- The government appointed the Retired Emperor's Prince, Emperor Kogon, to continue ruling the cloistered government.
- 延享4年(1747年)立太子、同年、父桜町天皇の譲りを受けて即位。
- In 1747 he became Crown Prince and succeeded to the throne after his father, Emperor Sakuramachi passed the throne to him in the same year.
- 恒世親王(当時は「恒世王」)の立場は誕生時から複雑なものであった。
- The position of Imperial Prince Tsuneyo (called 'Prince Tsuneyo' in those days) had been complicated since he was born.
- 2005年に国立公文書館本を元版とする『文久山陵図』が出版された。
- 'Bunkyu Sanrikuzu' which was published in 2005, was based on the books of the National Archives of Japan.
- 天武天皇11年(682年) 匍匐礼を廃し、立礼にすることを命じる。
- 682: The Emperor Tenmu abolished genuflect (a salute on bended knee) and adopted standing bow.
- ともあれ、即位後は飛鳥浄御原令の制定を命じ律令国家の確立を目指す。
- Anyway, the Emperor Tenmu, after ascending the throne, enacted the Asukakiyomihararyo (a legal code of Japanese ancient state) and tried to put the Japanese nation under the Ritsuryo codes.
- このことから、天皇の称号の成立をこの7世紀初頭に求める意見もある。
- From this fact, there are some opinions establishing the title of Emperor at the beginning of the 7th century.
- 土俵祭とは、本場所の前日には立行司が祭主となって行なう祭事である。
- Dohyo-matsuri Festival is a sacred rite conducted by tategyoji (the head referee in sumo) the day before an official tournament begins.
- ついで人長が末方に立つと、末の歌方が進んで庭燎を奏して末方に着く。
- When the nincho stands on the suekata side, suenoutakata (末の歌方) (singers who sing after motoutakata) come, sing Niwabi and take their places on the seat of the suekata.
- 男性的で哀愁を帯びた強さがあらわれている立役、検非違使(けんびし)
- Kenbishi for tachiyaku (a leading male-role actor) who has masculinity and melancholic strength
- そこで後小松は貞成親王の皇子であった後花園天皇を擁立させたのである。
- Then Emperor Gokomatsu allowed Emperor Gohanazono, who was the Imperial Prince Sadafusa's Prince, to succeed to the throne.
- 近世の例では、形状は全く女性と同じだが、紐先に「立鼓」の飾りはない。
- In the modern times there was an example of Noshi, which was the same style as for women, but without ryugo decorations at the end of the strings.
- これより殉死が禁じられ、陵墓には埴輪が立てられるようになったという。
- After the incident mentioned above, martyrdom was prohibited and figures of Haniwa (unglazed terra-cotta cylinders and hollow sculptures arranged on and around the mounded tombs (kofun)) were berried around the mausoleum, instead.
- 景行天皇元年(71年)7月に即位、翌年に播磨稲日大郎を皇后に立てる。
- In August, 71, he ascended the throne and appointed Harima no inabi no ooiratsume to the Empress the next year.
- 833年(天長10年)従兄弟にあたる仁明天皇の即位に際し立太子した。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince when his cousin Emperor Ninmyo acceded the throne in 833.
- 神嘗祭の儀式に先立って、天皇は宮中三殿の神嘉殿南庇で神宮を遥拝する。
- Prior to the rite of the Kannamesai, the emperor bows the knee to Ise-jingu Shrine from away in the southern peripheral space of Shinka-den, one of the Three Shrines in the Imperial Court.
- この場合、男性皇族の結婚は賢所を出たときに成立したとみなされている。
- The marriage of a male Imperial family member is considered to be completed when he exits the Kashikodokoro.
- 日本における皇太子制の成立については(森田の説を含む)諸説あるが、。
- There are many speculative theories on how the Crown Prince system was established in Japan (including the MORITA's theory).
- 仕立てのときに繰り越しを加減しないと十分に衣紋を抜くことができない。
- Unless the kurikoshi (the length from the top of the shoulder to the bottom of the collar at the back) is adjusted when a kimono is sewn, the collar cannot be fully pulled.
- 所有者京都府京都市右京区花園妙心寺町 退蔵院(京都国立博物館に寄託)
- Owner: Taizo-in Temple, Hanazono Myoshinji-cho, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City (deposited in Kyoto National Museum)
- 認証の後、事務所の所在地において設立の登記をすることにより成立する。
- After certified, the corporation comes into effect by registering for establishment at the location of the office.
- 昭和初期、細川護立が買い取ったことにより、再び細川氏の所有となった。
- During the early Showa period, Moritatsu HOSOKAWA purchased it and again it was in the ownership of HOSOKAWA family.
- 翌寛永元年には冊立され中宮となり、翌寛永2年9月には女二宮が誕生する。
- In the following year of 1624, she was officially appointed as Chugu (second consort of an emperor), in October 1625, the second Princess was born.
- 835年、空海が入定すると、高弟のひとりとして遺骸の埋葬に立ち会った。
- In 835 when Kukai died, he attended the burial of Kukai's remains as one of the Kukai's best disciples.
- これに先立つ1900年(明治33年)に侯爵鍋島直大の二女伊都子と結婚。
- Before he went to France, in 1900, he married Marquis Naohiro NABESHIMA's second daughter, Itsuko.
- 第二代閑院宮典仁親王の時に、新井白石の慧眼が実際に役立つこととなった。
- Hakuseki ARAI's keen insight was helpful while the Second Kan in no Miya, Imperial Prince Sukehito was in power.
- 後醍醐天皇は12月21日に吉野に逃れて南朝を設立して南北朝が成立する。
- Emperor Godaigo escaped to Yoshino on December 21, then established the Southern Court, this was the beginning of the Southern Court.
- これに先立って後陽成は秀吉の勧めで第1皇子の覚深法親王を跡継ぎとした。
- Emperor Goyozei appointed his first Prince, Cloistered Imperial Prince Kakushin to succeeded the throne based upon Hideyoshi's advice that led up to the incident.
- 表門では仇討に意気込む息子力弥ら家臣達が険悪な雰囲気で立ち騒いでいる。
- At the front gate, his son Rikiya and other vassals, who are worked up about the revenge, are enraged and making a commotion.
- 勘平は、すべてを飲み込み、金を用立てすると約束し、現在の住処を教える。
- Kanpei understands everything, promises to come up with the money and tells SENZAKI where he lives.
- 拳をついた状態から、互いに目を合わせ、両者同時に立ち上がり、ぶつかる。
- Wrestlers with their fists touching the ground lock eyes with each other, and then rise to the attack at the same time.
- 宣安は大鼓方から出て、一流を築き、当時の立会能で活躍した名人であった。
- Nobuyasu, who turned from otsuzumi-kata and established his own school, was a master who actively performed in the Noh competitions called Tachiai Noh of the time.
- お囃子も、老若男女がそろって卑猥な事々を並べ立てるようなものになった。
- Everyone, young and old, men and women, also came to sing all sorts of obscene things.
- またテントのように組み立て型の骨組みをもとに店舗を設置する場合もある。
- Another vendor site involves a prefabricated store, such as an erected tent.
- 809年、父の平城天皇が譲位して嵯峨天皇が即位すると皇太子に立てられた。
- In 809 after his father, Emperor Heizei passed the throne to Emperor Saga, he became Crown Prince.
- 信長の援助のもと、応仁の乱より衰退しきった朝廷を立て直した時期であった。
- During this time the Emperor, together with Nobunaga, helped restore the debilitated Imperial Palace after the Onin War.
- 寛永19年(1642年)に立太子、翌年に姉・明正天皇の譲位を受けて即位。
- In 1642 he became the crown prince, and he was enthroned the following year after the abdication of his sister, Empress Meisho.
- 1439年に勅撰和歌集(二十一代集)の最後にあたる新続古今和歌集が成立。
- In 1439 the edition of Shin Shoku Kokin Waka Shu was completed, which was the last edition of Chokusen Waka Shu. (twenty one volumes)
- めでたく宗仁親王を産んだが、産後の肥立ちが悪く28歳の若さで亡くなった。
- She did bear Imperial Prince Munehito though she died at the tender age of 28, unable to recover from her confinement.
- 景行天皇51年(121年)に立太子、成務天皇元年(131年)正月に即位。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince in 121 and was enthroned in February, 131.
- しかし、堀田正俊らの反対に遇い、実現しなかったとする宮将軍擁立説がある。
- After all, Tadakiyo SAKAI's proposal didn't realize receiving an opposition from Masatoshi HOTTA; this is the story regarding the establishment of Miyashogun
- 1966年に宣仁親王妃喜久子を総裁名誉総裁・名誉副総裁として設立された。
- It was established with Princess Kikuko, the wife of Imperial Prince Nobuhito as the Honorary President and Honorary Vice-President in 1966.
- ドラマチックな展開を可能とする素材を扱いながら、対立的な描写を行わない。
- Although it deals with material that could have dramatic developments, it does not become confrontational.
- 1ヶ月ばかり経った翌元永元年(1118年)正月26日、立后され中宮を号す。
- About one month later, on February 25, 1118, she was appointed as an Empress and received the title of Chugu (the second consort of an emperor).
- だが、幕府は大覚寺統の分裂を招きかねない恒明親王立太子には同意しなかった。
- However the bakufu did not agree to his plan to let Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi become Crown Prince since it might cause a division of the Daikakuji Imperial line.
- 平治元年(1159年)しゅ子内親王が二条天皇中宮に立后したのに伴い皇后宮。
- When Imperial Princess Shushi was formally installed as chugu of Emperor Nijo in 1159, she became a Kisai no miya (empress).
- 皇室の馬車による送迎は各国親善に役立っているという(宮内庁ホームページ)。
- The carriage service has contributed to the nurturing of friendly relations with countries (according to the website of the Imperial Household Agency).
- 『助六』の成立とその変遷の背景には、歴代の市川團十郎が密接に関わっている。
- Danjuro ICHIKAWA of successive generations have been deeply involved with the establishment and transition of 'Sukeroku' behind the scenes.
- このような理由からとりあえず貞享4年(1687年)の成立と推定されている。
- Therefore, it is assumed so far that it was established in 1687.
- その後、満州、朝鮮半島の利害が対立したロシア帝国相手に日露戦争が勃発した。
- Later on, the Russo-Japanese War broke out over the rights and interests concerning Manchuria and Korean Peninsula.
- プロの折り紙作家は折り図を収録した本を執筆し、生計を立てているものが多い。
- Many professional origami artists write origami books containing folding diagrams to make their living.
- その後、林は奈良の漢國神社の近くに住居して塩瀬という店を立て評判になった。
- After that, Rin resided near the Kango-jinja Shrine in Nara and opened a shop called Shiose which gained popularity.
- その後も迭立への動きは見られたが、王朝内部に皇統を統一する意思が働き続けた。
- Thereafter, although there was a tendency to share the Imperial throne, there was intention inside the Imperial Palace to unify the Imperial line for succession.
- 倭姫命が伊勢神宮を建立するまでに八咫鏡を順次奉納した場所は元伊勢と呼ばれる。
- The locations where Yamatohime no Mikoto dedicated the sacred mirror, Yata no Kagami, before building Ise Jingu Shrine are called Moto Ise.
- むしろ、上記讒言事件は、外宮の設立と年代が近かったのではないかと推測される。
- It is more reasonable to suppose that the incident happened around the time of the construction of the Geku.
- 男山に立てこもるが、義詮の軍により敗走、河内国東条に逃れ、6月賀名生へ帰還。
- They barricaded themselves in Otokoyama, but fled to Tojo in Kawachi Province after an attack by Yoshiakira, and returned to Ano in July..
- 驚いた頼長はただちに法皇に多子の立后を求めるが、明確な返答は得られなかった。
- Yorinaga was surprised to hear that, and immediately asked the Cloistered Emperor for Masaruko to be enthroned as an empress; a clear answer was not obtained.
- 晩年に御所安井殿に建立した蓮華光院は道尊を開基として後に安井門跡と呼ばれた。
- In her last years, she founded Rengeko-in Temple in Yasui-dono of the Imperial Palace; Doson served as a patron of the temple; the temple was later called Yasui Monzeki.
- さらに伏見は、産まれたばかりの自分の皇子胤仁親王(後伏見天皇)を立太子した。
- Moreover, by Fushimi, Imperial Prince Tanehito (Emperor Gofushimi), the son of Fushimi, was formally installed as the Imperial Prince immediately after his was born.
- - ガス灯が全長223mにわたって立ち並んでおり、設置区間としては世界一長い
- Gas lights stand for a total length of 223 meters, which is the longest section with gas lights in the world.
- 由良之助はもう一人の家老斧九太夫と金の分配のことで対立し、九太夫は立ち去る。
- Yuranosuke confronts another chief retainer, Kudayu ONO, regarding the distribution of money, and Kudayu leaves the scene.
- 力弥と小浪は夫婦になり、一夜の契りを交わして、力弥は討ち入りのため出立する。
- Rikiya and Konami became husband and wife and they spend a night together, then Rikiya departs for the revenge.
- 牡丹餅と同じく、小豆餡の様子を秋の彼岸の時期に咲く萩の花に見立てたことから。
- Like the origin of botamochi, red azuki-an reminded people of hagi flower which had red-purple blossoms in the higan of fall, therefore, mochi with azuki-an made in fall began being called ohagi ('o' is a prefix).
- 「続耳塵集」にある、若立役の出端を女形がほめる言葉を引けば、次のようになる。
- Quoting from 'Zoku-Jijinshu' (a sequel of collection of commentary discourses), an actor of female roles praises the first appearance of a young leading player as follows:
- 鎌倉公方足利家に伝わる宝刀で、殺気をもって抜き放てば刀身から水気が立ち上る。
- This is a treasure sword which has been handed down in the Ashikaga family, Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) and it gives off a mist when drawn with an intention to kill.
- 国漢学校は、現在の長岡市立阪之上小学校、新潟県立長岡高等学校の前身となった。
- Kokkan gakko School became the predecessor of present Sakanoue Elementary School, Nagaoka City and Nagaoka High School, Niigata Prefecture.
- 略儀には紅生絹の引き返し仕立て(裾口を折山にして、表裏一続きの生地でしたてる。
- In semi-formal style, it was a light pink color with plain silk and made by 'Hikikaeshi jitate.' (the outside and inside of the sleeves were made with one piece of fabric
- 康保4年(967年)9月1日、九歳にして、同母兄の為平親王を飛び越えて立太子。
- On September 1, 967, he became the crown prince at the age of nine instead of his older brother, Imperial Prince Tamehira.
- 治承2年(1178年)11月12日に生まれ、生後まもない12月15日に立太子。
- He was born on November 12, 1178 and became Crown Prince on December 15, not long after his birth.
- 邦彦王の弟宮多嘉王は、京都に在住し、、結局、独立した宮家を興すことはなかった。
- Prince Kuniyoshi's younger brother, Prince Taka lived in Kyoto and did not establish a new Miyake until the end.
- 宝永5年(1708年)立太子、同6年(1709年)東山天皇から譲位されて即位。
- He became Crown Prince in 1708 and then succeeded to the throne after Emperor Higashiyama passed the throne to him in 1709.
- 現在、朝廷献上本は宮内庁書陵部の、幕府献上本は国立公文書館の所蔵となっている。
- Presently the books presented to the Imperial court are possessed by Imperial Household Archives and those presented to bakufu are possessed by the National Archives of Japan.
- 皇太子および同妃、その子女は内廷皇族でありながら、天皇とは独立した生活を営む。
- Although inner-court members of the Imperial Family, the Crown Prince, the Consort of the Crown Prince and their children set up a separate household, independent of the Emperor.
- 筑前国の少弐頼尚がこれを支援し、九州は幕府、直冬、南朝3勢力の鼎立状態となる。
- Yorinao SHONI in Chikuzen Province supported Tadafuyu, and consequently Kyushu turned out to be a three-way struggle between the bakufu, Tadafuyu, and the Southern Court.
- 作業内容は地業(地均し、掘削)、基礎工事、足場の架設、棟上(軸組の組み立て)。
- The work includes jigyo (ground leveling, excavation), foundation work, scaffold erection, and muneage (framework assembly).
- 常世・常夜(とこよ)へ旅立った霊魂で、お盆に帰ってきても、見ることはできない。
- Shoryo are spirits that have departed this world to Tokoyo or Tokkoyo and can not be seen even if they return during the Obon festival.
- この事件により、憲仁の立太子のみならず親王宣下さえも絶望的なものとなってしまう。
- Due to this incident, Prince Norihito's position as Crown Prince, and also receiving the title to become Imperial Prince were both cancelled.
- 衣《きぬ》は束帯の衵《あこめ》に相当するが、それより長く仕立てたという説もある。
- Kinu means Akome to wear with Sokutai, there was a theory that Kinu was made longer than Akome.
- 10年後、約束通り花園天皇から後醍醐天皇に皇位が譲られ、邦良親王が立太子された。
- After ten years, the Imperial throne was passed from Emperor Hanazono to Emperor Godaigo, as it was agreed beforehand, Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi was appointed as Crown Prince.
- 享保13年(1728年)に立太子、同20年(1735年)に父帝の譲位により践祚。
- In 1728 he became the crown prince, and in 1735 he ascended the throne after his father passed it to him.
- 吉野に逃れた後醍醐天皇に代えて、足利尊氏は持明院統(北朝)の光明天皇を擁立する。
- After Emperor Go-Daigo escaped to Yoshino, Takauji ASHIKAGA backed up Emperor Komyo from Jimyoin-to (the Northern court).
- 甥の足仲彦尊(仲哀天皇)を皇太子に立て、60年(190年)6月に崩御、107歳。
- He installed his nephew, Tarashinakatsuhiko no mikoto (Emperor Chuai) as Crown Prince and passed away in July, 190 at the age of 107.
- 忠通は呈子を養女に迎えると、法皇に「摂関以外の者の娘は立后できない」と奏上した。
- Tadamichi adopted Teishi, and advised the Cloistered Emperor saying `a daughter of someone who is other than the clan is not able to be enthroned.'
- 多子の後を追うように、4月21日に呈子も入内して、6月22日に立后、中宮となる。
- On April 21, as if Teishi followed Masaruko, she entered into the palace, and was enthrone; she became the second consort of an emperor on June 22.
- 長慶は幕府に対する強硬派の人物で、南朝内部には路線対立が存在していたと言われる。
- Chokei was a hard-liner towards the bakufu, and it is told that a policy conflict existed within the Southern Court.
- 戦後の1951年に、、岩橋小弥太が論文「天智天皇の立て給ひし常の典」を発表した。
- In 1951 after the war, Koyata IWAHASHI presented an article titled 'The eternal code established by his majesty Emperor Tenchi.'
- 五番立においては最後の五番目に演じられることから、切能または五番目物と呼ばれる。
- This program is the last, fifth performance among five Noh performances defined in the form of Noh program, therefore it is also called Kiri (cut off) Noh or gobanme-mono (the fifth-category play).
- 流祖平岩勘七親好が伊達政宗の命によって牛尾豊前守に入門して一流を立てたとされる。
- It is said that Kanshichi Chikayoshi HIRAIWA established this school after entering a school of Buzen no kami (the Governor of Buzen Province) Ushio by order of Masamune DATE.
- ヒシの葉に似た文様の弁を4つ並べて花びらに見立てた形から花菱と付けられたという。
- The name hanabishi originates from the arrangement of four hishi-like (water chestnut-like) leaves as petals into a flower.
- 冷泉天皇は容姿が非常に端麗であったが、皇太子時代から精神の病ゆえの奇行が目立った。
- Emperor Reizei appeared physically healthy, but since his days as the crown prince he had exhibited strange behavior that belied his insanity.
- 応徳3年(1086年)11月26日、立太子と同日に、8歳で父から譲位され即位した。
- On November 26, 1086, he became the crown prince; on the same day, at the age of eight years, he succeeded to the throne from his father.
- 炎立つ (NHK大河ドラマ)(1993年~1994年 NHK大河ドラマ)演:中尾彬
- Homura Tatsu (Rising Blaze) (NHK period drama) (1993 -1994 NHK period drama) cast Akira NAKAO
- ここから、後深草天皇の血統(持明院統)と亀山天皇の血統(大覚寺統)の対立が始まる。
- This was the beginning of two parties, Emperor Gofukakusa's lineage (the Jimyoin Imperial line) and Emperor Kameyama's lineage (the Daikakuji Imperial line) opposing each other.
- 1200年に立太子、後鳥羽天皇の強い意向で、土御門天皇の譲位により1210年即位。
- In 1200 he became Crown Prince and succeeded to the throne upon the strong request of Emperor Gotoba, after Emperor Tsuchimikado passed the throne to him in 1210.
- 1256年(康元元年)、後深草天皇に入内し女御となり、その翌年に中宮に冊立される。
- In 1256, she entered into court to become nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court - a consort of an emperor) of Emperor Gofukakusa, whereupon she became Chugu of Emperor Gofukakusa in the following year.
- 「相模の野に燃え立つ火の中で、わたしの心配をしてくださった貴方」という意味である。
- This poem means: 'You who were worried about me when we were surrounded by the flaming fire in the fields of Sagami.'
- さねさし 相武(さがむ)の小野に 燃ゆる火の 火中(ほなか)に立ちて 問ひし君はも
- You who inquired after my safety when we stood amidst of the burning field of Ono, Sagamu, with mountains rising high above.
- 以後、皇后が同時に2人立てられることはなくなり、また皇后はすべて「中宮」とされた。
- Afterward, two empresses were no longer in place and all empresses became 'Chugu.'
- しかし、2月になると藤原伊通の娘・藤原呈子(20歳)が入内するという風聞が立った。
- In February, there was a rumor that the daughter of FUJIWARA no Koremichi, FUJIWARA no Teishi (twenty years old) would enter into the palace.
- 建久元年(1190年)従三位・准后、その後立后を経ず女院となり、七条院と呼ばれる。
- She was conferred in 1190 the title of Jusanmi Jugo (honorable rank next to three empresses), and later she was further conferred the title of Nyoin without becoming an empress consort and was called Shichijo-in.
- 独自の宮号を持たないが、皇室経済法では宮家としての扱いを受け、独立した会計を営む。
- Although the House of Prince Tomohito is not an independent princely house, it is treated as such by the Imperial House Economy Law, thus permitted to have a separate account.
- 応保2年(1162年)女院号を宣下され、立后を行った高松殿に因んで高松院と号した。
- In 1162, an imperial letter to permit use of Nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing) was issued, and she was given the title of Takamatsuin, which was named after Takamatsu-dono where the investiture of the Empress was held.
- しかし、裏づけとなる根拠はなく、むしろ猶子師房の立場を配慮したためとする説もある。
- However, such view is not supported by reliable evidence and some assert that he did so out of consideration for his adopted son Morofusa rather than for the above reason.
- この事態に困惑した幕府は後深草上皇の子・熈仁親王(後の伏見天皇)を皇太子に立てた。
- This greatly perplexed the Bakufu and they decided to select Imperial Prince Hirohito (later Emperor Fushimi), the son of the retired Emperor Gofukakusa, to be the Crown Prince.
- 延享4年(1747年)、桜町天皇が遐仁親王に譲位すると、舎子は皇太后に冊立される。
- In 1747, when Emperor Sakuramachi abdicated the throne to Imperial Prince Tohito, Ieko was formally decided to be the Empress Dowager.
- 藩内各地において同様の装置を設置する構想も立てていたが、翌年の急逝で構想は流れた。
- Although he planned to install similar equipments across the domain, his plan was not materialized as he suddenly died in 1858.
- 大立ち回りが演じられ、力弥が師直の子高師泰と、勝田新左衛門が小林平八郎と斬り結ぶ。
- Amid a large-scale stage fight, Rikiya and Shinzaemon KATSUTA fight against Moronao's son Moroyasu KO and Heihachiro KOBAYASHI, respectively.
- 出立は赤頭、赤地唐織、緋大口(または赤地の半切)で、足袋以外はことごとく赤である。
- The performer of Shojo wears an aka-gashira (red wig), an aka-ji-karaori (red gorgeous short-sleeved kimono) and a hi-okuchi-bakama (pleated loose-fitting trousers colored with scarlet) or an aka-ji-hangiri-bakama (red extremely gorgeous pleated loose-fitting trousers), so the costume is all red except for the tabi.
- 通常は一流のデザイナーがデザインを手掛け、仕立てた既製品にのみ当てはめられる言葉。
- In general, it is a word which refers to ready-made clothes designed and tailored by name designers.
- 江戸時代前期の上方は地質の立派な着物を好み、染めや鹿子絞りも上方が早かったという。
- In the early Edo period, people in Kamigata liked kimono (Japanese traditional clothing) made of good quality materials and also dyed kimono and kanoko shibori (spot tie-dyeing) appeared earlier in Kamigata.
- 別の説では、1500年頃、小瀬付近の鮎漁権を握っていた足立新兵衛が始めたともいう。
- Some people assert that Oze ukai was inaugurated around in 1500 by Shinbei ADACHI, a person who held the right of ayu fishing at Oze.
- その後、後ろ盾を失った忠実・頼長の立場は次第に危うくなり、保元の乱へ突入して行った。
- After that, since Tadazane and Yorinaga lost their political support, their position became fragile and it caused the Hogen War.
- 若死したため子は無く、皇位を巡って鳥羽と崇徳天皇が対立したことから保元の乱が起こる。
- Because the Emperor died young, he did not have any children, and the Hogen War occurred in the result of fighting for Imperial succession between Emperor Toba and Emperor Sutoku.
- 明治16年(1883年)には、仁和寺の復興のために、仁和会を創立して、総裁となった。
- In 1883 he established Ninna kai to restore the Ninna-ji Temple and became president.
- 二年後の1682年(天和 (日本)2年)には修学院村に林丘寺を建立し、開基となった。
- Two years later, in 1682, she built Rinkyu-ji Temple in Shugakuin Village and became the founder.
- 天武天皇9年(680年) 皇后(後の持統天皇)の病気平癒のため薬師寺の建立を命じる。
- 680: The Emperor Tenmu built Yakushi-ji Temple wishing the Empress to get back on her feet.
- 天智天皇7年(668年) 天智天皇の皇太弟に立てられたとされる(否定する説もある)。
- 668: It is said that he was put up to be the Kotaitei of the Emperor Tenchi (some disagree).
- 成務天皇を架空と見る立場からは、天智天皇の近江宮のモデルを過去に投影した創作とする。
- For those who see the Emperor Seimu as fictitious, the palace was a creation reflecting the Omi no miya Palace of the Emperor Tenji as a model.
- 禧子の死後、後醍醐天皇の中宮には新たに後伏見天皇の第一皇女、珣子内親王が立てられた。
- After Kishi died, Emperor Gofushimi's first Princess, Imperial Princess Junshi became Emperor Godaigo's Chugu.
- 山伏一行はこの君をあやしまれては一大事と色めき立つが、弁慶は一同をとどめてたずねる。
- The yamabushi party becomes unsettled by the emergency that their master is suspected, but Benkei holds them back and asks a question.'
- ここで天保年間から昭和初期まで外郎売の言い立てがあったが、これも取り除かれて久しい。
- Here, from the Tenpo era to the early Showa period, a medicine peddler entered and delivered his sales pitch, but it was removed for a long time.
- 16世紀以後でも喫煙人口の少ない古い時代に庶民が立派な煙管を持っているのもおかしい。
- Even if it appears on stories of the 16 century or later, it is also strange that commoners had good kiseru in the old days when smoking population was small.
- 熊野は観世音の功徳と感謝し、宗盛の気が変わらない内にとすぐさま故郷を目指し出立する。
- Yuya is grateful for what she considers a virtuous deed of Kanzeon and quickly departs for her home town before Munemori has a chance to change his mind.
- 第一に、立法であるが天皇は第五条において帝国議会の協賛を以って行使すると規定された。
- First of all, with regard to legislation, pursuant to Article 5, it stipulated that the Emperor exercised the legislative power with the consent of the Imperial Diet.
- 能において爪先立ちして舞を舞うのは、乱の流レ足くらいにしか見られない特殊な例である。
- In the Noh performances, the performers do not dance on tiptoes except for performing with the step of the midare-ashi in the midare.
- 長岡赤十字病院の直接の前身は、明治6年に三島億二郎が設立した「長岡會社病院」である。
- The direct predecessor of Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital was 'Nagaoka Kaisha Hospital' which founded in 1873 by Okujiro MISHIMA.
- 1966年(昭和41年)6月25日、「建国記念の日」を定める祝日法改正案は成立した。
- On June 25, 1966 the revision of the National Holiday Law was enacted to establish 'National Foundation Day' (建国記念の日).
- また、藩閥政府内の元勲間にあった政策や感情の上での対立においても、天皇は宥和に努めた。
- The Emperor also worked to suppress political or emotional conflicts between the elder statesmen of the han-dominated government.
- 父同様に学問好きな性格の持ち主で、その遺志を継いで公家の学問所である学習院を創立した。
- He took after his father and loved to study, he took father's will and established the court nobles learning center, Gakushuin.
- 絵画にも優れ、東京国立博物館にある「武者小路実陰肖像画」は重要美術品に指定されている。
- He was also a talented painter, and his artwork titled 'Portrait of Sanekage MUSHANOKOJI,' housed at the Tokyo National Museum, is designated as an art treasure.
- 1371年(応安4年)に親王宣下を受け立太子され、即座に後光厳天皇の譲位を受けて即位。
- In 1371 after receiving the title Prince by Imperial order, he immediately succeeded to the throne after Emperor Gokogon passed the throne to him.
- 満雅はこの当時幕府と対立していた鎌倉公方足利持氏と連合し、聖承を推戴して反乱を起こす。
- In cooperation with Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) who had been in conflict with the shogunate in those days, Mitsumasa rose in revolt, being presided by Seisho.
- しかし、即日辞退してその日のうちに嵯峨上皇の子である正良親王(仁明天皇)が擁立された。
- However, Prince Tsuneyo excused himself from being the crown prince on the same day, and Imperial Prince Masara (Emperor Ninmyo), the son of the Retired Emperor Saga, was installed as the Crown Prince.
- やがて後冷泉天皇が嗣子なくして崩御、後三条天皇が即位して馨子内親王も中宮に冊立される。
- After the death of Emperor Goreizei, who had no heir, Imperial Princess Keishi was appointed to the Chugu with the enthronement of Emperor Gosanjo.
- 持明院統と大覚寺統は当時朝廷を二分して対立していたため、これは大事件だったようである。
- This might have been quite a scandal because the Imperial Court at the time was split into two groups of Jimyointo and Daikakujito and both groups bitterly conflicted with each other.
- 間の子である他戸親王(持統天皇の来孫)が、天智・天武皇統融合の象徴として立太子された。
- Their child, Imperial Prince Osabe (the Empress Jito's great-great-great grandchild) received the investiture of the Crown Prince as a symbol of fusion of the two Imperial lines of Tenchi and Tenmu.
- 以後、これに対する修正や批判、新説の提唱が続き、多くの学説が並立する状況が続いている。
- Since then, corrections, criticisms, and the presentation of new theories have been successively presented to date, and still various theories are argued.
- 中国においては、寵妃の親族は皇帝によって引き立てられ顕位に上り権力を振るうことになる。
- In China, relatives of the emperor's favorite concubine were raised to high ranks by the emperor to exercise their powers.
- 新歌舞伎(しんかぶき)とは、明治以降に、劇場とは独立した作家が書いた歌舞伎作品のこと。
- Shin Kabuki refers to kabuki plays written by authors independent from theaters after the Meiji period.
- 立回りよろしくあって伴内は散々にやっつけられ、勘平はお軽を連れて意気揚々と去ってゆく。
- Bannai is beaten decisively in the ensuing fight and Kanpei leaves triumphantly with Okaru.
- 公家列影図(くげれつえいず/こうけれつえいず)は、鎌倉時代に成立したとされる肖像画集。
- Portraits of Court Nobles (called 'Kugeretsueizu' or 'Kokeretsueizu' in Japanese) is a book of portraits that is thought to have been compiled in the Kamakura period.
- 19世紀にはヨーロッパにも独立した折り紙の伝統があり、日本の開国と共に両者が融合した。
- In the 19th century, Europe had its own independent origami tradition, which was fused with Japanese origami when Japan opened up to the world.
- 最終的には幕府が仲介に入って双方が交互に治天の地位に就く両統迭立が行われるようになった。
- Finally, the bakufu worked as mediator between the two parties, and it was decided to have Ryoto tetsuritsu (sharing the Imperial succession) become Chiten by turns.
- 明治4年7月14日(1871年8月29日)には廃藩置県を断行し、中央集権体制を確立した。
- On August 29, 1871, the government absolved the han system (feudal domains) and the establishment of prefectures to establish the system of one consolidated political power into the center of the government.
- 病状の悪化もあり、三条天皇は第一皇子小一条院の立太子を条件に、道長の勧めに従い退位した。
- As his disease got worse, Emperor Sanjo abdicated by taking Michinaga's advice after the first prince, Ko-Ichijo-in, became the crown prince.
- 真仁法親王は円山応挙、呉春らを引き立てたことでも知られ、複数の民間歌人とも交際があった。
- Imperial Prince Masahito was known to support Okyo MARUYAMA and Goshun, and he associated with a various private poets.
- 皇太子には邦良親王の嫡男木寺宮康仁親王が立てられて、両統迭立原則は維持される事となった。
- Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi's (Kuninaga) legitimate son, Kidera no Miya Imperial Prince Yasuhito, was appointed the Crown Prince, then the principal of sharing the Imperial Succession was maintained.
- ところがこの年に邦良親王が病死したため、急遽量仁親王の繰り上げ立太子が実現したのである。
- However Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi (Kuninaga) died of an illness in that year, Imperial Prince Kazuhito was decided, in haste, to become the Crown Prince.
- 寛元元年(1243年)六月、外祖父太政大臣実氏の今出川邸第にて誕生、生後二ヶ月で立太子。
- He was born at his maternal grandfather Saneuji's Imadegawa residence, who was the Grand Minister, in June 1243 and became Crown Prince when he was just two months old.
- 鉄剣が作られた頃はそのような天皇(大王)の存在は系図上確立されていなかったことを物語る。
- It implied that the existence of such emperors (kings) wasn't established in the genealogy when the iron sword was made.
- 死に先立ち居所を禅院(現在の京都嵐山臨川寺)とし、昭慶門院から継承された所領を寄進した。
- Before his death, his domicile was at a Zen temple (present-day Rinsen-ji Temple in Arashiyama, Kyoto City), and he donated his territory inherited from Shokeimonin.
- しかし政治的な役割は熾仁親王に託し、自らは表立った活動をしないまま議定職の廃止を迎えた。
- However, he delegated political roles to Imperial Prince Taruhito without publicly performing the role himself, and the gijo post was abolished.
- このため古くから、鳥羽には貴族達の別邸が建ち並び、市が立つなど、都市として発達していた。
- Because of this, many villas belonging to noblemen stood side by side, and Toba also had markets on specific days and it was developed like a small city from olden times.
- 日本においても、組織的な捕鯨産業の成立以前から、鯨肉を食用とすることはあったようである。
- It seems that whale meat was eaten even before a systematic whaling industry was established in Japan as well.
- 名人笛彦兵衛の弟子浅沢市右衛門元道が一家を立て、子の市右衛門景道の代から春日を姓とした。
- Ichiemon Motomichi (元道) ASAZAWA, who was a follower of a flute master named Hikobei FUE, established the head family, and his son named Ichiemon Kagemichi began to use the family name Shunnichi.
- 左官の長兵衛は、腕は立つのだが、無類のばくち好きが高じて、仕事もせずに借金を抱えている。
- Chobei was a skilled plasterer, but he didn't work and was in debt because he hooked on gambles.
- 朝鮮半島では1896年に、中国では1912年の中華民国成立時にグレゴリオ暦に改暦された。
- In the Korean peninsula the Gregorian reform was implemented in 1896 and in China it was introduced in 1912 when the Republic of China was established.
- 立后の翌年、彼女は上皇の寵姫藤原得子(のちの美福門院)所生の皇女、叡子内親王を養女とした。
- After one year she became an Empress, she adopted Imperial Princess Eishi, who was the Retired Emperor's loving wife, FUJIWARA no Tokushi's (later called Bifukumonin) Princess.
- 後白河に難は及ばなかったが、治承2年(1178年)安徳天皇の立太子を認めざるを得なくなる。
- Although Goshirakawa was not in trouble, later on he had to accept Emperor Antoku to become Crown Prince in 1178.
- 9月、鎌倉に本拠を置いた頼朝が密奏を行い、東国の支配権を認めさせると、義仲は京で孤立する。
- In September Yoritomo who had his political base at Kamakura, secretly asked to obtain the right to rule the eastern countries, Yoshinaka was isolated in Kyoto.
- 皇太子には嵯峨上皇の強い意向で同月4月18日に当時従四位下侍従であった恒世王が立てられる。
- With the Retired Emperor Saga's strong desire, Prince Tsuneyo, who was Jushiinoge jiju (Junior Forth Rank, Lower Grade Chamberlain) on this occasion, was installed as the Crown Prince on June 4, 823.
- 嵯峨天皇の時代(承和 (日本)年間頃)に成立したと見られ、宇多天皇が整備して譲位後に居住。
- It seems that it was established during the period of Emperor Saga (around the Jowa era (834 - 848) in Japan), and Emperor Uda repaired it and lived there after the abdicating the throne.
- 再興されるのは、寛永元年(1624年)冊立の後水尾天皇の皇后(中宮)徳川和子のときである。
- It was revived, for the empress of Emperor Gomizunoo (Chugu), Masako TOKUGAWA, when she became the empress in 1624.
- 745年(天平17年)1月には新京と呼ばれ、宮門に大楯と槍が立てられ、甲賀宮が都とされた。
- In January 745, it was called Shinkyo and Koka no miya turned into the capital, a spear and a larger spear were built at the gate of the palace.
- 実朝死後の源氏嫡流として足利将軍家を確立し頼朝以来の源氏将軍を復活させるに至ったのである。
- He established the Ashikaga shogun family as the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan after the death of Sanetomo, and he managed to revive Genji shogun since Yoritomo.
- 成立には文和4年(1355年)と長享3年(1489年)の二説があるが、現在では後者が有力。
- There are two theories of 1355 and 1489 regarding the time of completion of the work, but today the latter is accepted more dominantly.
- 天橋立、鳥取砂丘、千里浜海岸、丹後の鳴き砂など海と砂の作る不思議な海岸の光景が有名である。
- The magical views created by the sea and sands such as Amanohashidate, Tottori-sakyu Sand Dunes, Senrigahama Beach and Tango no Nakisuna are well known.
- 文楽太夫、文楽三味線、文楽人形遣いの「三業(さんぎょう)」で成り立つ三位一体の演芸である。
- It is entertainment played by a trinity, which consists of 'sangyo'; tayu (narrator or chanter), shamisen player, and puppeteers.
- こうして権勢を失った待賢門院は、翌康治元年(1142年)、自ら建立した法金剛院において落飾。
- Thus Taikenmonin who lost her political power, went into Hokongo-in Temple which she had ordered built and shaved her head in 1142.
- そして伊勢国への下向に先立ち、潔斎のためしばらくこもる野宮として春日斎宮に住まう事になった。
- Then it was decided for her to live in Kasuga Saigu for a while to use as a Nonomiya (a temporary palace to live in order to purify oneself, before serving at a shrine) to purify herself before she left for Ise Province.
- 同10年(1037年)2月、中宮に冊立されるも、3月藤原嫄子(藤原頼通養女)の立后で皇后に。
- In February 1037, she was appointed as Chugu, and she officially became the Empress when FUJIWARA no Genshi (FUJIWARA no Yorimichi's adopted daughter) was appointed as the Empress in March.
- 皇太子には冷泉天皇の皇子居貞親王(三条天皇)を立て、摂政に藤原兼家が就任した(のちに関白)。
- The crown prince was Imperial Prince Okisada, son of Emperor Reizei (FUJIWARA no Kaneie), who became regent (and later became kampaku, or chief adviser, to the Emperor).
- 文化6年(1809年)3月24日、父帝の中宮欣子内親王(新清和院)の養子として立太子された。
- He became the crown prince as an adopted son of his father's chugu (second consort of an emperor), Princess Yoshiko (Shin-Seiwa in), on March 24, 1809.
- 実際に陰謀計画が進行していたかは定かでないが、院と平氏の対立が激しくなっていたことを物語る。
- It is uncertain whether the conspiracy in fact proceeded any further or not, however it showed that the opposition between In government and the Taira clan became serious.
- 弘仁年間頃に離宮として成立、弘仁7年(816年)嵯峨天皇が行幸したことが記録上の初見である。
- It was established as rikyu (an imperial villa) during the Konin period (810-824), and a visit by Emperor Saga in 816 was recorded as a first visit.
- 具体的な計算方法は明かにされていないが、当時の説明では「干支に相より簡法相立て」としている。
- Although the specific method of calculation has not been revealed, they explained that '干支に相より簡法相立て' at the time.
- 廻立殿に戻り、次いで主基殿(千木は伊勢神宮内宮と同じ内削ぎ)に入り、悠紀殿と同じことを行う。
- Later emperors go back to the Kairyu-den building once again and then go into the Suki-den building (the figure of Chigi is Uchisogi, or the ends of the former are terminated with a horizontal cut, and is same as that of the Inner Shrine of Ise-jingu), to repeat what he did in the Yuki-den building.
- 孝元天皇22年(紀元前193年)正月に立太子、孝元天皇57年(紀元前158年)11月に即位。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince in January, 193 B.C., and was enthroned in November, 158 B.C.
- 治暦4年(1068年)後三条天皇が即位、それに伴い翌延久元年(1069年)中宮に冊立される。
- With the enthronement of Emperor Gosanjo in 1068, she was appointed to the Chugu in 1069.
- 近年の研究では、「天皇」号が成立したのは天武天皇の時代(7世紀後半)以降との説が有力である。
- In recent year studies, the theory stating that the title 'Tenno' was adopted sometime after the period of Emperor Tenmu (latter half of 7th century) is a powerful one.
- 「陽成源氏の幻想」『姓氏と家紋』 1989年,(宝賀寿男氏) 旧来の系図が正しいという立場。
- Illusion of Yozei-Genji' 'Seishi to Kamon' (family name and family crest), 1989, (Toshio HOGA) Claimed that the conventional family tree was authentic.
- 梅雨 - 入道雲 - 逃げ水 - 夕立 - スコール - 雷雨 - 日射病 - 汗 - 炎天
- the rainy season (the spring rainy season) - thunder cloud - water mirage - sudden evening shower (rain) - squall - thunderstorm - sunstroke - sweat - blazing sky
- くじ引きの結果、選ばれた者は、「講」の代表として伊勢へ旅立つ、旅の期間は農閑期が利用される。
- The person chosen by lot made a journey to Ise on behalf of other 'ko' members, taking advantage of the agricultural off-season.
- 幕末の尊王攘夷運動の過程で強化され、明治維新後には政治体制によって正統な歴史観として確立した。
- It was strongly influenced by a campaign to restore the emperor and expel the barbarians during the last days of the Tokugawa government, it was established as an orthodox historical view by the new political system after the Meiji Restoration.
- この件で後宇多上皇と完全に対立関係に陥った西園寺公衡は上皇から出仕停止の扱いを受けてしまった。
- Due to above, Kinhira SAIONJI who fell into the opposed position against the Retired Emperor Gouda, was ordered not to come and work in the Imperial Palace by the retired Emperor.
- 外祖父兼家に容姿が酷似して立派であったといい、兼家の鍾愛を受けて育ったことが『大鏡』に見える。
- According to 'O-kagami (The Great Mirror),' it is said that the Emperor looked very much like his maternal grandfather, Kaneie, so he won his favor.
- 久邇宮(くにのみや)は、明治時代前期に伏見宮邦家親王の第4王子・久邇宮朝彦親王が創立した宮家。
- Kuni no Miya was the Miyake (house of an imperial prince) established by Fushimi no Miya Imperial Prince Kuniie's fourth Prince, Kuni no Miya Imperial Prince Asahiko during the early Meiji period.
- 生後7ヶ月と11日(数え年で2歳)で親王宣下・立太子し、その日のうちに践祚(歴代最年少即位)。
- He received the title of Prince by Imperial order when he was seven months and eleven days old (two years old by counting in the old Japanese way) and became Crown Prince, he then succeeded to the throne on the same day. (the youngest Emperor in the history)
- そこで延久4年(1072年)に白河天皇即位の際に実仁親王はわずか2歳で皇太弟として立てられた。
- During the enthronement of Emperor Shirakawa in 1072, Imperial Prince Sanehito was addressed the younger brother of Emperor Shirakawa who was heir apparent, only at age two.
- 大君は神であるので、赤駒が腹までつかるような田んぼまですっかり立派な都につくりかえられられた。
- 'Okimi has changed the deep-soaking rice field, in which even a red-haired horse could sink up to its belly, into a great city, because he is a god.'
- 『仮名手本忠臣蔵』は通し狂言で上演されることが比較的多い演目なので、これが目立ってしまうのだ。
- As 'Kanadehon Chushingura' is often performed in the form of toshi kyogen, such a problem becomes relatively conspicuous.
- 天王立で幕を開ける荘重な場面であり、歌舞伎では現在演目として行われている数少ない大序のひとつ。
- It is a solemn scene that starts with kabuki instrumental music, and it is one of the few prologues which is currently performed as an independent act.
- その後、初世高安重政(高安寿閑)が金春流のワキ方春藤友尊の女婿となって修行し、流儀を確立した。
- Subsequently, the first generation head named Shigemasa TAKAYASU (also known as Jukan TAKAYASU) married a daughter of Yuson (友尊) SHUNDO, who was a waki-kata of the Konparu school, and established the school.
- 信乃18歳の夏、伯母夫婦は村雨丸をすりかえ、信乃を滸我(古河)の公方足利成氏の許に旅立たせた。
- In the summer when Shino was 18 years old, his aunt and uncle secretly substituted Murasame-maru with a fake and sent him to Nariuji ASHIKAGA, kubo in Koga.
- ほかにも近年では差し上げの状態からさらに後輪の片方を持ち上げ「一輪立ち」などを行う地区もある。
- In addition, in recent years, there are areas where 'ichirin dachi' (standing up on one wheel) is performed, in which one of the rear wheels is lifted up from the sashiage position.
- また卑弥呼の没後、男王が立ったが再度争乱が起こり、卑弥呼の宗女台与が王位について争乱は収まった。
- After Himiko died, although a new male king succeeded to the throne, fighting broke out again, after Toyo, a woman from the same family as Himiko, was decided to become Queen, the fighting ended.
- 泰子立后の時、皇后宮大夫に任ぜられたのは泰子の異母弟であり、その庇護下に入っている頼長であった。
- When Taishi became Empress, it was Yorinaga, a younger half-brother of hers that she had taken under her protection, who was appointed to the position of Kogogu-daibu (Lord Steward to Her Majesty the Empress).
- 明治17年(1884年)以降は、間近に控えた議会創設に備えて、立憲制に対応する諸制度を創設した。
- After 1884, the Emperor established various regulations for the constitution to prepare for the establishment of the Diet, which was drawing near.
- また、義満死後に生じた後花園天皇の擁立は、後小松上皇による治天としての行為であるとも考えられる。
- It was also presumed that Emperor Gohanazono was appointed to Emperor after Yoshimitsu died from Retired Emperor Gokomatsu's intention as Chiten.
- 天保11年(1840年)に立太子し、弘化3年(1846年)の父・仁孝天皇の崩御によって践祚した。
- He became Crown Prince in 1840 and succeeded to the throne due to his father, Emperor Ninko's death in 1846.
- また、2人の相次ぐ死が菅原道真を結果的に政界の矢面に立たせることとなり、昌泰の変の遠因となった。
- These two successive deaths eventually made SUGAWARA no Michizane take the brunt of political criticisms and attacks, and that situation formed a remote cause of the Shotai Incident.
- しかし1984年、同市脇本にある脇本遺跡から、5世紀後半のものと推定される掘立柱穴が発見された。
- However, in 1984, a pit of a pillar embedded directly in the ground was found in the Wakimoto ruins located at Wakimoto, Sakurai City, and it was supposed to date back to the late 5th century.
- 晩年は後高倉院に先立たれ、また後鳥羽院との再会も叶わぬまま、安貞2年(1228年)72歳で崩御。
- She outlived Gotakakurain in her last years and died in 1228 at the age of 72 without meeting Gotobain again.
- 一月ほどの交渉の間に道長が折れ、次の東宮には三条天皇の第一皇子である敦明親王を立てることとした。
- Michinaga gave up during negotiations for about one month, and it was decided that the next Crown Prince would be Imperial Prince Atsuakira, the first son of Emperor Sanjo.
- モデル:『其小唄夢廊』や『鈴ケ森』の題材にもなっている、実在した前髪立ちの美少年盗賊・白井権八。
- Model: Gonpachi SHIRAI who was a real and beautiful boy thief before genpuku (celebrate one's coming of age), and who was also used as a subject of 'Sonokouta Yumemo Yoshiwara' and 'Suzugamori.'
- 風が吹くと沖の白波が立つ、ではないがその龍田山を越えて、夜道をあの人が一人でいくのが心配だなあ。
- When the wind blows white waves can be seen out at sea (robbers strike on Mt. Tatsuta-yama), I worry that you travel alone at night.
- 独立行政法人国立印刷局が発行する官報には、天皇・皇后の行幸啓があった場合、下記の項目が掲載される。
- According to the government newsletter published by an Independent administrative institution, the National Printing Bureau, the following items are run when there was Gyokokei of the Emperor and Empress.
- この憲法は、日本史上初めて天皇の権限(天皇大権)を明記しており、近代天皇制国家確立の基礎となった。
- This constitution clearly stated the Emperor's prerogative rights (Tenno Taiken) for the first time in history, this became the basis to establish the modern Emperor System of Japan.
- 崩御まで朱雀天皇・村上天皇どちらにも皇后が立たなかったため、生涯を通じて後宮唯一の后であり続けた。
- Neither Emperor Suzaku nor Emperor Murakami had an empress, she remained the only Empress in the Imperial Palace during her lifetime.
- なお、プリンスホテルの社名は、ホテルの建物が旧皇族の手放した土地に立地していることに由来している。
- The name 'Prince Hotel' was derived from a place on some land that used to belong to the Imperial Family.
- かように藤原氏の勢力争いに翻弄され、永観2年(984年)、懐仁親王の立太子を条件に花山天皇に譲位。
- Thus the Emperor was at the mercy of a power struggle within the Fujiwara clan, and he abdicated and passed the throne to Emperor Kazan in 984 after Imperial Prince Yasuhito became the crown prince.
- 永万元年(1165年)二条天皇が死去すると、後白河は清盛と手を結び、憲仁親王の立太子を実現させた。
- After Emperor Nijo died in 1165, Goshirakawa made a deal with Kiyomori to allow Prince Norihito become Crown Prince.
- そこで西暦紀元前660年の立春に最も近い庚辰の日を探すと、グレゴリオ暦では2月11日と特定される。
- Accordingly, Kanoetatsu no hi (day of Kanoetatsu) which is the nearest to the first day of spring in 660 B.C. is calculated, February 11 is identified in the Gregorian calendar.
- 房子は天和 2年(1682年)12月7日 准三后宣下され、翌年の2月14日 には中宮に冊立される。
- On December 7, 1682, she received the Imperial order to be ranked as Jusango, then officially became the second consort of Emperor Reigen by royal edict on February 14, the next year.
- また若狭国・志摩国と同様に田畑が少ないにも関わらず一国として成立していた特殊性を見ることもできる。
- Like in Wakasa and Shima Provinces, the particularity was seen since it was approved as one province regardless of the limited farm land availabe.
- 内容に関しては、父から子に皇位を伝える直系皇位継承法説などおびただしい学説が立てられ、定説はない。
- There are numerous theories about the origin of the contents, including the direct line imperial succession code theory, which advocates that it is a code for transcending the Imperial Throne from father to son, and there is no established theory.
- なお、『乱』で音楽を手掛けた武満とも黒澤は激しく対立し、降板こそしなかったものの決別に至っている。
- Kurosawa was also in fierce conflict with Takemitsu, who had produced music for 'Ran' and after the completion of the movie, he broke ties with Takemitsu.
- 一取引一回のみの役目で、毎回異なった手彫り又は、鋳造文字が使われ、荷渡しの安全に役立ったのである。
- Used only once per transaction with different hand-carved or cast characters each time, itoin made deliveries safer.
- 元々の辻占は、夕方に辻(交叉点)に立って、通りすがりの人々が話す言葉の内容を元に占うものであった。
- Originally it was conducted by a fortune-teller standing at a tsuji (intersection) in the evening based on what passers-by talked.
- 仕切りを繰り返すうちに、両者の気合いが乗り、共にその気になった瞬間に立ち上がるのが本来の形である。
- The ideal tachiai is such that two spirited wrestlers stand up when both wrestlers are fully motivated after repeating shikiri.
- また堺利彦・片山潜らの反戦運動や与謝野晶子やキリスト教の立場からする内村鑑三の非戦論も唱えられた。
- Additionally, Toshihiko SAKAI and Sen KATAYAMA started an anti-war movement and Akiko YOSANO and Kanzo UCHIMURA from the Christian viewpoint spoke of pacifism.
- 第二次世界大戦後、現家元、小川後楽 (6代目)は、畳に座らず椅子と机を用いる立礼での手前を定めた。
- After the end of World War II, today's head of the school, Koraku OGAWA the sixth defined the temae in Ryurei method by using chairs and tables for not sitting directly on a tatami mat.
- こうして伊勢に旅立った者は、伊勢滞在時に大抵、自分達の集落を担当している御師のお世話になっていた。
- Those who set out for Ise against such a background usually stayed with onshi who covered the pilgrim's village, during his/her stay in Ise.
- また、團十郎は殺害前の立ち回りを竹本の浄瑠璃を廃して柔術をありのままに演じる写実的な演出に変えた。
- In addition, he incorporated 'jujutsu' (a soft stylg of Japanese martial art) to make the play more realistic instead of 'Takemoto Joruri' in the fight scene before Chobei is killed.
- 一方花子こと松若は系図を奪おうとする丑右衛門を殺し、系図を手に入れた上からは早速立ち退こうとする。
- Meanwhile, Hanako, or Matsuwaka, kills Ushiemon, who tried to rob him of the genealogical table, is getting ready to leave the place with it in his hand.
- 上皇が国王の座につくことにより、天皇がそれまでの皇太子的立場となったため、皇太子の空位が常態化した。
- As the retired Emperor acted as Emperor, the Emperor himself filled the current position of Crown Prince, there often was no one to become Crown Prince.
- だが、1412年(応永19年)には後小松皇子の称光天皇が即位して、両統迭立の条件は反故にされている。
- However after Emperor Gokomatsu's Prince, Emperor Shoko succeeded to the throne in 1412, the agreement on sharing the succession to the throne was cancelled.
- 寛徳2年(1045年)親仁親王の受禅に伴って女御宣下を受け、永承元年(1046年)中宮に冊立される。
- With the juzen (accession to the throne as a result of abdication) of Imperial Prince Chikahito in 1045, she received the title of nyogo (a court title given to a consort of the Emperor) and was officially appointed as the second consort of the emperor in 1046.
- 関ヶ原の合戦後、後陽成は家康の了承を得て良仁親王を強引に仁和寺で出家させて第3皇子政仁親王を立てる。
- After the Battle of Sekigahara, Emperor Goyozei forced Imperial Prince Nagahito to abdicate from the throne to allow him to became a priest at Ninna-ji Temple, he then appointed the third Prince, Imperial Prince Kotohito to succeed to the throne.
- これら陵墓は現在も皇室による祭祀が行われており、研究者などが自由に立ち入って調査することができない。
- The imperial household still carries out the rituals for these imperial mausoleums even today, so researchers cannot enter the mausoleums freely to investigate.
- 大正天皇以後、天皇・皇后の陵は現東京都八王子市の御料地内に作られることになり、武蔵陵墓地が成立した。
- After Emperor Taisho, the imperial mausoleums for the emperors and the empresses were built inside goryochi (an Imperial estate) in present Hachioji City, Tokyo.
- 天皇は皇子を曙立王、菟上王とともに出雲に遣わし、大神を拝させると皇子はしゃべれるようになったという。
- Then, the Emperor sent the Prince to Izumo with Aketatsu no o and Unakami no o to make them bow to Okami, and the Prince recovered the speech.
- 『日本書紀』によれば叔父の成務天皇に嗣子が無く、成務天皇48年3月1日(178年)に31歳で立太子。
- According to the Nihon Shoki, Emperor Chuai was chosen as Crown Prince at the age of 31, because his uncle, Emperor Seimu had no heir.
- 元中2年(1384)9月10日には高野山に「長慶天皇宸筆御立願文」(国宝、金剛峯寺蔵)を納めている。
- On October 22, 1385, he offered to Mt. Koya the 'Petition and Prayer Text of Emperor Chomei's Own Handwriting,' which is designated as a national treasure and kept in Kongobu-ji Temple.
- 不安定な基盤にのっていた王統が確立したのが継体の子である欽明天皇の頃(6世紀中期)だと言われている。
- It is said that around the period of Emperor Kinmei (middle of the 6th century), the son of Emperor Ketai, the lineage of the Emperor, which had been unstable, was stabilized.
- 時々、有名な甲冑「源太が産衣」が源氏嫡流の証として、それを伝える河内源氏が源氏嫡流とする立場がある。
- The famous armor 'Genta ga Ubuginu' (Genta's clothes as a newborn) was sometimes used as a proof of being the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan, and there is a view that suggests that Kawachi Genji that passed it down was the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan.
- その由来は定かではないが、「江戸時代後期の「五色巻」の赤巻だけが独立して残ったもの」という説もある。
- Although it remains uncertain where that came from, there is a hypothesis that 'among the 'Goshokumaki' (five colored kamaboko) in the late Edo era, only the akamaki (red roll) kamaboko remains.'
- これにより、立法機関である元老院 (日本)、司法機関である大審院、地方官会議を開催することを決めた。
- According to the said imperial edict, Okubo decided to organize the legislative body Genroin (the Senates) (Japan), the judicial branch Daishin-in (Predecessor of the Supreme Court of Japan) and local administrative assemblies.
- 土俵に拳をつける立ち合いは江戸時代の元禄の大相撲力士の鏡山仲右衛門が始めたものが広まったものである。
- An Ozumo wrestler named Okinoemon KAGAMIYAMA, who lived during the Genroku era in the Edo period, started a tachiai style of touching a dohyo with his fist, and other wrestlers began to adopt this style.
- 成立当時まだ百人一首に一定の呼び名はなく、「小倉山荘色紙和歌」や「嵯峨山荘色紙和歌」などと称された。
- When it was compiled, the title wasn't fixed, therefore, it was called by various nicknames such as 'Ogura-sanso Shikishi no Waka' and 'Saga-sanso Shikishi no Waka.'
- 道長は先に中宮であった定子を皇后とし、娘の藤原彰子(しょうし)を中宮に立てて、一帝二后の先例を開いた。
- Michinaga set the precedent for Ittei-Nigo (an emperor having two empresses) when he made Teishi, who was the second consort of the emperor at the time, empress, and made his daughter, FUJIWARA no Shoshi, the new second consort.
- 一説に曙立王が唖の皇子の伝承と関係を持っているのは、伊勢の佐那造がこれを語り伝えたためであるとされる。
- According to a theory, Aketatsu no o appears in the legend of the speech impaired Imperial Prince in the Kojiki because the episode associated with the legend was created and handed down by the Sana no miyatsuko in Ise Province.
- 岩橋は聖武天皇の詔を検討してこれが皇位継承の根拠として用いられていることを示し、皇位継承法説を立てた。
- IWAHASHI, after examined the edict of Emperor Shomu, pointed out that it is used as a rational base of the succession of the Imperial Throne, and presented the imperial succession code theory.
- 正式には立回り(歌舞伎)、殺陣(たて。演劇・映画)などと呼ばれ、俗称として「チャンバラ」が用いられる。
- It is formally called tachimawari (stylized fight scene) in Kabuki or tate (sword battle) in theatrical performances as well as movies and commonly called 'chanbara.'
- その運動のは同22年(1989年)の東京美術学校の設立へと結実し、その結果として鑑画会は自然消滅した。
- The movement led to the establishment of Tokyo School of Art in 1989 and as a result, the Kangakai disappeared on its own.
- 江戸時代には、辻に子供が立っておみくじ(これも一種の占いである)を売るようになり、これも辻占と呼んだ。
- In the Edo period, children began to sell omikuji (sacred lots)(which is also a kind of fortune-telling) standing at a tsuji, and that was also called tsujiura.
- 円形の土俵に入り、最初はやや離れて立ち、互いに顔を見合わせ、腰を落とし、仕切り線に拳をついて準備する。
- Two wrestlers stand facing each other with a short distance between them on a circle-shaped dohyo, and they bend their knees until they can touch the starting line with their fists.
- 名人笛彦兵衛(檜垣本彦兵衛)の門人であった馬淵頼元の甥、下川丹斎の弟子藤田清兵衛なる者が一流を立てた。
- Seibei FUJITA, a follower of Tansai SHIMOKAWA, established this school; Tansai was a nephew of Yorimoto MABUCHI, who was a follower of a flute master Hikobei FUE (also known as Hikobei HIGAIMOTO).
- 毎年2月から4月に5枚の花弁のある1センチメートルから3センチメートルほどの花を葉に先立って咲かせる。
- Every February to April, before growing leaves the Japanese plum tree produces 1-3 centimeter flowers with five petals.
- 足立信頭が寛政の改暦(寛政暦)のために高橋至時の助手となり、天保6年(1835年)天文方に任じられた。
- Nobuakira ADACHI became the assistant of Yoshitoki TAKAHASHI at the time of Kansei calendar revision (Kansei Calendar) and was appointed to Tenmonkata in 1835.
- 立太子から譲位する間際に病没し、その遺子である和仁親王(後陽成天皇)を正親町天皇は猶子として、譲位した。
- He died of illness while he was the official investiture of the Crown Prince and was waiting to succeed to the throne, his son, Imperial Prince Kazuhito (Emperor Goyozei) was adopted by Emperor Ogimachi and succeeded to the throne.
- だが、白河上皇もいつまでも実の祖母と仲違いを続ける訳にはいかず、篤子内親王を堀河天皇に入内・立后させた。
- However the retired Emperor Shirakawa had to stop the conflict between him and his own grandmother, he made Imperial Princess Tokushi Imperial Consort's bridal entry of Emperor Horikawa into court and made her become the Empress.
- また、皇位継承に介入する鎌倉幕府に対して強い不信感を持ち、在世中は倒幕画策の噂が立てられるほどであった。
- He was also strongly suspicious toward the Kamakura bakufu, which had tried to get involved in the succession of the Imperial Throne; during his reign there was even a rumor that the Emperor had an intention to defeat the Kamakura bakufu.
- 宇多天皇が『新撰万葉集』を編纂に先立って、親王に託してその元となる『是貞親王家歌合』の撰定を行っている。
- Before Emperor Uda compiled 'Shinsen Manyoshu' (anthology of Japanese poems), Imperial Prince Koresada selected poems for 'Koresada Shinno-ke Utaawase' (Poetry contest sponsored by the family of Imperial Prince Koresada) which became the sources of Shinsen Manyoshu, under a commission from Emperor Uda.
- 翌年、常陸国の豪族藤原玄明と常陸介藤原維幾が対立し、玄明に助力した将門は常陸国府を襲撃、国府を占領した。
- The following year, when a confrontation arose between FUJIWARA no Haruaki, a powerful regional clan in Hitachi Province, and FUJIWARA no Korechika, the Hitachi no suke (Assistant Governor of Hitachi Province), Masakado, assisting Haruaki, attacked the Hitachi provincial office and occupied it.
- 史料的根拠としては、後に高橋崇があげた元明天皇の即位詔の「不改常典と立て賜わる食国法」という箇所がある。
- The phrase of Empress Genmei's imperial edict to the enthronement that says 'the law of the nation's governance legislated as Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten' cited later by Takashi TAKAHASHI is considered as a historically proofed reference.
- しかし皇太子については別の解釈方法もあり、傍系継承の淳和天皇、仁明天皇は皇太子に前天皇の子を立てている。
- However, there is another interpretation in the treatment of the imperial prince, in which it is said that Emperor Junna and Emperor Ninmyo, who undertook the collateral line succession, put up the late emperor's son.
- しかしながら、この説に従えば、次の後継者に弟の天武天皇が立ったとき、不改常典は早々に破られたことになる。
- However, according to this theory, it can be said that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten was broken too soon, when Tenchi 's younger brother Emperor Tenmu presented himself to the next heir to the Imperial Throne.
- すると鐘は音を立てて落ち、祈祷によって持ち上がった鐘の中から現れたのは白拍子が蛇体に変化した姿であった。
- Then the bell falls with a loud crash, and when the bell is lifted by prayer Shirabyoshi appears in the form of a snake.
- 後期になると勧善懲悪や立身出世などのテーマ性を持ったものや浮世絵師による豪華な双六も出現するようになる。
- Latterly, the Sugoroku with themes such as moralistic or social success subjects, or gorgeous Sugoroku by Ukiyo-e artists appeared.
- 「楽家録」によれば、その作法は、まず人長が進んで軾の前に行って3拍子を踏んで右足で軾を蹴って本方に立つ。
- According to the 'Gakkaroku' (fifty books on gagaku written by Suehiro ABE in 1690), the Niwabi was performed as follows: a nincho (chief kagura dancer) would go to a point in front of the shoku (straw mat), dance in triple meter, kick the shoku with his right foot, and then stand to the side of the motokata (leaders who sat to the left of the garden fire during the performance of the Mikagura, a type of music performed in court Shinto ceremonies).
- 勧進能(かんじんのう)は、社寺の建立、改築などの際に寄付を募るために、入場料を取って公開された能である。
- 'Kanjin-Noh' refers to Noh performances which charged admission fees in order to raise subscriptions for the construction or the reconstruction of shrines or temples.
- 名人笛彦兵衛の弟子中村七郎左衛門が一家を立て、子の又三郎が一噌似斎とも称したところから流儀の名が興った。
- Shichirozaemon NAKAMURA, who was a follower of a flute master named Hikobei FUE, established this family, and the name of the school originated from his son named Matasaburo because he called himself Jisai ISSO.
- 代表的なものに東京国立博物館所蔵の国宝、梨地螺鈿金装飾剣(なしじらでんきんそうのかざりたち)などがある。
- One example that represents such items is Nashiji radenkinso no kazaritachi (Sword mounting of kazari-tachi type, with mother-of-pearl inlay decoration and gold fittings on nashiji lacquer ground), which is a national treasure housed in Tokyo National Museum.
- 後光明以降は、直系男子への継承を基本として、継承者が未成人などの場合に中継ぎとしての女帝が擁立されていた。
- After the era of Emperor Gokomyo, although the basic rule for Imperial succession was for a male Imperial member to succeed to the throne, there were some female Empresses that temporarily succeeded, in case the other candidates were too young to become Emperor.
- 親王は当時南朝荘園だった入野に下向し御館を建立、四百余石を所領し、さらに御館横に祈祷所を建立し開基となる。
- The Imperial Prince went to Irino where there used to be a manor of the Southern Court at that time and built an office for the manager of the manor and had more than four hundred koku, furthermore, after building a prayer room next to the office, he became the founder.
- 一方、摂関家側は頼通・教通兄弟が対立関係にあったために天皇への積極的な対抗策を打ち出すことが出来なかった。
- On the other hand, the Sekkan-ke did not come up with a constructive plan to counter the Emperor, mainly since there was an adversarial relationship between Yorimichi and Norimichi.
- 譲位後は後白河院として院政を行うが、二条天皇や高倉天皇との対立により、院政停止に追い込まれることもあった。
- After the enthronement to the Imperial succession, he ruled the cloistered government as the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, however his government was often suspended due to the opposition between Emperor Nijo and Emperor Takakura.
- 承安3年(1173年)6月、興福寺と延暦寺の対立から、延暦寺傘下の多武峯が興福寺大衆の攻撃により炎上する。
- In June 1173, the Tonomine (Temple) under the umbrella of Enryaku-ji Temple were burned in the attack by the priests from Kofuku-ji Temple because of the fight between Kofuku-ji Temple and the Enryaku-ji Temple.
- 綏靖天皇25年正月(紀元前557年)に立太子、同33年(紀元前549年)父天皇の崩御を受けて、7月に即位。
- In 557 B.C., he was formally installed as Crown Prince, then he ascended the throne in August, 549 B.C. after the death of his father in the same year.
- なお嫄子を擁立したことで先に中宮となっていた禎子内親王は皇后に押しやられ、頼通との関係が悪化したとされる。
- As Imperial Princess Teishi, who had become Chugu earlier, was forced to become Kogo (the title of empress consort which is conferred when another woman becomes Chugu) when Genshi became Chugu, it was purported that her relationship with Yorimichi became worse.
- その結果、明治末になるとそれらは書き言葉として次第に確立し、一般の文章にも大きな影響を与えるようになった。
- As a result, in the late Meiji period they gradually became established as the written language, and came to greatly influence Japanese general writing.
- これは二代目と親交のあった蔵前の札差・大口屋暁雨の出で立ちをモデルにしたもの、という噂がこの頃から広まる。
- In those days, a rumor spread that this outfit was arranged imitating Gyouu OGUCHIYA, a rice broker in Kuramae.
- いわゆる「曾我物」のひとつ『若緑勢曾我』(わかみどり いきおい そが)の一幕を一部を独立させたものである。
- Originally it was a part of an act in 'Wakamidori Ikioi Soga' (Verdant Green and the Energetic Soga), one of so-called Sogamono (programs based on The Tale of the Soga), that later became an independent program.
- 恨みと恋路を並べ立てる名台詞があり、やがて多左衛門のとりなしで二人は金をもらって引き上げる(「源氏店」)。
- Famous lines telling his bitterness and love follow, and then the two of them got money and left thanks to the intervention of Tazaemon ('Genjidana').
- まず御籤で1~3の数字を出し、鳥居の前に立って、例えば御籤で2が出れば2番目に通った人の姿などを記録する。
- The person who wants to receive this service first draws Omikuji (sacred lots) to pick up a number from one to three, then stands in front of Torii (an archway to a shrine), where, for example, if the number is two, then he or she records the appearance and other things of the second passer-by.
- 1984年には国立文楽劇場が完成し、松竹の撤退後もときおり文楽を興行していた朝日座、旧文楽座は幕を閉じる。
- The National Bunraku Theatre was completed in 1984, and then Asahi-za (former Bunraku-za), having given performances from time to time after withdrawal of Shochiku, was closed down.
- このために幕末までに渋川家、猪飼家、西川家、山路家、吉田家、奥村家、高橋家、足立家の8家が任命されている。
- As a result, members of eight families were appointed to the position during the end of Edo period; namely Shibukawa family, Ikai family, Nishikawa family, Yamaji family, Yoshida family, Okumura family, Takahashi family and Adachi family.
- 下段には座頭を中心に立女形を左方に、敵役を右方に全役者をそれぞれ相当の位置に配して絵姿を描いたものである。
- An image of zato was drawn at the center of the lower, tateoyama's image (leading female impersonator) on his left, the villain actor's image on his right, and the images of other actors were drawn in certain positions they were assigned.
- 以上のような状況から、皇位継承候補者も複数存在することとなり、再び皇統の分裂-迭立-が見られるようになった。
- Due to the above, there were many candidates for Imperial succession, again, the separation of the Imperial line - sharing the Imperial throne - became apparent.
- 1895年(明治28年)には平安神宮が建立され、内部に大極殿、応天門など大内裏朝堂院の施設が縮尺復元された。
- In 1895 the Heian-Jingu Shrine was built, restoration was done on the facilities like; Daigoku-den building, Oten-mon Gate and Daidairi Chodoin (a large main hall of Daidairi) in small scale than original ones inside the Palace.
- 1086年(応徳3年)に白河天皇が実子の堀河天皇へ譲位し、院政を開始した時が、治天の成立だと考えられている。
- It was said the establishment of Chiten was when Emperor Shirakawa passed the Imperial succession to his biological son, Emperor Horikawa and started the cloistered government in 1086.
- 本来ならば次の花園天皇(持明院統)の皇太子に立つべきであったが、幼少の親王を皇太子にする事には不安もあった。
- Originally the next successor to the throne, Emperor Hanazono (the Jimyoin Imperial line) was to become Crown Prince, but there was concern to let young Imperial Prince become Crown Prince.
- 1351年、北朝を擁する足利尊氏が南朝に帰順し、皇統が一時的に南朝へ統一される観応の擾乱正平一統が成立する。
- In 1351, after the leader of the Northern Court, Takauji ASHIKAGA, submitted to the Southern Court, unification of the Imperial line took place in the Shohei era during the Kanno Disturbance, and the Imperial lineage was given to the Southern Court temporarily.
- 明和5年2月19日(1768年4月6日)に立太子し、明和7年(1770年)伯母後桜町天皇の譲位を受けて即位。
- He became Crown Prince on April 6, 1768 and succeeded to the throne after his aunt, Empress Gosakuramachi, passed the throne to him.
- 蘇我蝦夷は群臣にはかってその意見が田村皇子と山背大兄王に分かれていることを知り、田村皇子を立てて天皇にした。
- SOGA no Emishi came to know that the opinions of retainers or subjects were divided into two, Tamura no Miko and Yamashiro no Oe no O (Prince Yamashiro no oe), thus assigned Tamura no Miko to be the emperor.
- また威子の立后は道長が三后(皇后・皇太后・太皇太后)をすべて我が娘で占めるという前代未聞の偉業の達成である。
- When Ishi became the empress, Michinaga accomplished an unprecedented great achievement, namely all of Sango (empress, empress dowager and great empress dowager) were his daughters at that time.
- これに対応して行政機構も太政官と大弁官が並立し上層官僚貴族には実質的な権力を伴わない納言の官職が与えられた。
- For this reason, Daijokan (Grand Council of State) and Daibenkan (Major Controller) conducted the affairs of state and the position of Nagon without any practical power was given to the bureaucrats of high rank.
- このように田畑の少ない場所が国単位として成立していたことは、皇室・朝廷にとって特殊な場所であったと推定される
- As just described, it was assumed to be special places for the Imperial family and the Imperial court since it was approved as one province even though it had little farm land.
- 元明天皇即位詔の二番目の不改常典、「不改常典と立てられた食国法」は、皇位継承法説に対する重要な批判点である。
- The second citation on Fukai-no-Joten in the edict of Empress Genmei, 'the law of the nation's governance legislated as Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten' is an important point of criticism toward the imperial succession code theory.
- ここに後宇多の院政が開始されたが、持明院統の後伏見の弟富仁親王(花園天皇)が後伏見の猶子として立太子された。
- The rule by the Retired Emperor Gouda began accordingly, but Imperial Prince Tomihito (Emperor Hanazono), the brother of Gofushimi from Jimyoin-to, was formally installed as the Imperial Prince as an adopted child of Gofushimi.
- 暁雨の方も助六そっくりの出で立ちで吉原に出入りし、「今様(いまよう)助六」などと呼ばれてご満悦だったという。
- It is said that Gyouu, on the other hand, visited Yoshiwara attired as Sukeroku and was pleased at being called 'the contemporary Sukeroku.'
- 国立天文台が作成する『暦象年表』という小冊子に基づいて閣議で決定され、前年2月第1平日付の官報で発表される。
- The day is decided at Cabinet meetings based on the booklet called ' Calendar and Ephemeris 'created by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and is announced in an official gazette as of the first weekday in February of the previous year.
- The day is decided at Cabinet meetings based on the booklet called 'Calendar and Ephemeris 'created by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and is announced in an official gazette as of the first weekday in February of the previous year.
- 大正期に大阪の市川右團次 (2代目)が演じたのは、幕切れの立ち回りにだんじり囃子を用いた派手なものであった。
- During the Taisho period, Udanji ICHIKAWA the second in Osaka played it flamboyantly, using Danjiri-bayashi (music performed in festivals) in the action scene before the curtain falls.
- 現在、マレーシアのジョホールバルの日本人墓地には、親王院が日本から御影石を運んだ親王の供養塔が建立されている。
- Currently in the cemetery of Japanese people in Johor Baharu, there is a memorial tower of the Imperial Prince made of granite stones which were brought from Japan by Imperial Prince in.
- その後院と内親王の御所であった六条殿に御堂が建立され、院はそこへ昔日と変わらぬままに女房達を仕えさせたという。
- After that, a temple was built in Rokujodono, where the retired Emperor and the Princesses palace used to be, the Retired Emperor continued to let the ladies-in waiting serve at the Palace in the same way as it use to be.
- 以後、持明院統と大覚寺統による皇位の争奪に対し、調停策として出された幕府の両統迭立案に基づく皇統の分裂が続く。
- Since then, the separation of the Imperial line continued to prevent conflicts against the succession of the Imperial throne between the Jimyo-in Imperial line and the Daikaku-ji Imperial line, whereby ryoto tetsuritsu (alternate accedence from two ancestries of imperial families) was suggested by bakufu as the mediation.
- 武田信玄が徳川家康の野田城 (三河国)攻めの際に死亡した事実を隠すため、弟・武田信廉らは信玄の影武者を立てる。
- In order to conceal the fact that Shingen TAKEDA died in the attack on Noda-jo Castle (Mikawa Province) by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, his younger brother Nobukado TAKEDA and others used him as Shingen's body double.
- 牡丹の花が咲く季節、すなわち春の彼岸に、神仏や先祖への供物とされた小豆餡の様子を、牡丹の花に見立てたことから。
- In the higan (the equinoctial week) of spring when red and pink flowers of peony bloomed, people put red azuki-an for gods or Buddha or ancestors; the color and the shape of those azuki-an reminded people of the peony flowers, therefore, the mochi with azuki-an made in spring began being called botamochi.
- 舞いながら悲しみが最高潮に達したとき、侍女夕霧が立ち上がり、伝言をきいてきた体(てい)で、以下のように言った。
- When her feelings of desolation reach a peak during the dancing, the maid Yugiri stands up to pass a message to her that she has just received, and says as follows.
- 国民代表として内閣総理大臣、最高裁判所長官、衆議院参議院両院議長の行政司法立法の三権の長、全閣僚などが参列した。
- The Japanese Prime Minister, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, the head of three branches of government-legislature, administrative, and judicial branches, the Speakers of the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors, all the Cabinet ministers attended the ceremony as the representatives of the nation.
- 皇位継承を男系皇族のみに限定するという不文律が、日本でいつごろ、どのようにして成立したのかはよく分かっていない。
- It is uncertain as to when and how the unwritten rule limiting succession to the imperial throne to male imperial family members was established.
- さらに慶応3年12月9日(1868年1月3日)には(討幕派の主導において)王政復古を発し、「新政府樹立」を宣言。
- Furthermore, on January 3, 1868, (it was supported by the opposition force who tried to overthrow the Shogunate) the Restoration of Imperial Rule was issued, and 'the establishment of the new government' was announced.
- 翌年、後醍醐天皇は隠岐国に流されるが退位を拒否し、光厳天皇と並立したため、広義にはこの時代より南北朝時代と呼ぶ。
- In the following year, Emperor Godaigo was sentenced to deportation to Oki Province, however he refused to abdicate and stood side by side with Emperor Kogon, and the period of the Northern and Southern Courts started from that time.
- 一方、徳川光圀が『大日本史』の編纂を始めた頃幕府も天皇陵を立派にすることで、幕府の権威をより一層高めようとした。
- On the other hand, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) tried to enhance their authority by improving mausoleums, around the time when Mitukuni TOKUGAWA started compilation of 'Dainihonshi' (Great history of Japan).
- 明仁・皇后美智子も非常に熱心であり諒闇(服喪中)や病気を除くとほとんどの宮中祭祀に代拝を立てず自ら出席している。
- Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko are also interested in them, and they attend most Court rituals without asking someone to worship on behalf of them, apart from a period that they are sick or in mourning.
- 大夫(ますらを)の鞆(とも)の音すなり物部(もののふ)の 大臣(おほまへつきみ)楯立つらしも 万葉集 巻1-76
- I can hear the sound of brave men's Tomo (archers' wrist protector wore on the left hand), and I wonder if Minister of Mononobe might take up the shield; Manyoshu, Vol.1-76
- そこで垂仁天皇は彼に大和師木登美豊朝倉曙立王という名を与え、さらに菟上王をもお供にして、出雲を訪問させたという。
- Therefore, Emperor Suinin gave him the name of Yamatoshi-kinotomino-toyoasakura no Aketatsu no miko, and dispatched him to Izumo with a new attendant Unakami no o in addition to Akatatsu no o.
- なお、天皇号が成立する以前の王号は、倭国王・倭王(外国向け)および治天下大王(国内向け)だったと考えられている。
- Further, it is believed that the title of the King, before the establishment of the title of the Emperor, was Wakoku-o and Wao (diplomatically), and Amenoshitashiroshimesuokimi (domestically).
- 紫宸殿(ししんでん)とは、天皇の私的な在所であった内裏において、天皇元服や立太子、節会などの儀式が行われた正殿。
- The Shishinden Hall was a main hall where ceremonies like the Emperor's genpuku (attaining manhood), investiture of the Crown Prince, and Sechi-e (seasonal court banquets) were held, in the Imperial Palace which was the Emperor's private place.
- 備考:このとき初めて舞台一面から花道にかけて桜の造花が飾られ、芝居小屋そのものを吉原に見立てるという体裁が完成。
- Artificial cherry blossoms were decorated from the stage to the hanamichi for the first time in this performance during the history of Sukeroku, and here, a style of likening the entire auditorium to the quarters of Yoshiwara was completed in this performance.
- 大きな縞のブロックを木工のろくろ、旋盤などを使い立体的な美しい曲面に仕上げ、丸盆、ぐいのみ、なつめなどができる。
- Large striped blocks can be made into round trays, guinomi (large sake cups) or natsume (containers for storing green tea leaves or powdered green tea) using a woodworking turner or a lathe to create a beautiful, three-dimensional curved surface.
- 離れた状態から、ぶちかまし・喉輪・突っ張り・張り手・足払い等の攻め手を用いる立ち合いにより、優位な状況をつくる。
- A wrestler standing at a short distance from his opponent attempts to have a tachiai with aggressive styles such as buchikamashi (butting with a head), nodowa (throat attack), tsuppari (thrust), harite (slapping of an opponent's face), and ashibarai (foot sweep) in order to gain an advantage over an opponent.
- これ以前は当時の写真をみればわかるとおり、立会いの距離制限がなく頭と頭をつけた状態から開始されることも多かった。
- As pictures from those days show, the distance between two wrestlers was not designated at a tachiai before starting lines were set up, and two wrestlers had a tachiai with their foreheads touching each other in many matches.
- 大同4年(809年)4月、病気のため神野親王(嵯峨天皇)に譲位、嵯峨天皇は平城天皇の子の高岳親王を皇太子に立てた。
- In April 809, the Emperor abdicated and Prince Kamino (Emperor Saga) succeeded to the Imperial Throne, whereupon Emperor Saga appointed Prince Takaoka (Emperor Heizei's son) as the crown prince.
- 弘仁元年9月13日(810年10月14日)、薬子の変後に廃太子された高岳親王(平城天皇の子)に代わって立太子した。
- After the Kusuko Incident (Revolt of Kusuko), Prince Takaoka (Emperor Heizei's son) was removed from the position of Crown Prince, whereupon Emperor Junna became the crown prince on October 14, 810.
- 崩御の翌年にあたる弘化4年(1847年)、天皇の遺志によって御所の建春門外に公家講学の所として学習所が設立された。
- A year after the Emperor's death (1847), an educational center for court nobles was established outside of Kenshun mon Gate at the Imperial Palace, thus realizing his last wish.
- 文永五年(1268年)に、後嵯峨上皇の指示により、年長の後深草院皇子熈仁を差し置いて亀山皇子世仁親王が立太子した。
- In 1268 Emperor Kameyama's Prince, Imperial Prince Yohito, became Crown Prince at the request of Retired Emperor Gosaga, although there was another possible successor to the throne, Gofukakusa in's Prince, Hirohito who was older than he.
- 宇多上皇は阿衡事件の教訓から藤原北家嫡流を外祖父とする皇子の出生を望まず、為子所生の男子を立太子する方針であった。
- The Retired Emperor Uda who learned from the Ako Incident did not desire the birth of a prince whose maternal grandfather was from the main branch of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, and intended to install a son of Tameko as a Crown Prince.
- 孝昭天皇68年正月(紀元前408年)に立太子し、同83年(紀元前393年)父天皇の崩御に伴い、翌年正月に即位した。
- In February, 408 B.C., he was formally installed as Crown Prince, and after the death of his father in 393 B.C., he ascended the throne on next New Year's Day.
- 幼い皇帝が即位した場合、その後見として皇太后が付くことが多いため、自らの親族を補佐の為に取り立てることも多かった。
- When a very young emperor ascended the throne, the empress dowager was generally appointed as his guardian, and therefore the empress dowager often raised her own relatives to support herself.
- 伝承の薄れや途切れというより積極的に、基王の死と孝謙天皇即位、道祖王立太子をもって、不改常典の廃棄とする者もいる。
- Some scholars argue that the degradation or interruption of Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten in the course of its transcendence is unthinkable and it is rather probable that the code had been deliberately carried to cassation with a series of such events as Prince Motoi's death, Emperor Koken's enthronement, and Funado no Okimi's investiture as Crown Prince.
- 大覚寺統(だいかくじとう)は、鎌倉時代後期から南北朝時代にかけて皇位に即いた皇室の系統で、持明院統と対立していた。
- Daikakuji-to is a royal ancestry between the late Kamakura Period to the Northern and Southern Courts Period and used to oppose to Jimyoin-to.
- そうした時代の移り変わりがもたらす閉塞感が、彼らを反社会的で刹那的な生き方に駆り立てたという側面もあると思われる。
- It is believed that it was the feeling of despair created by the change of circumstances experienced during this period that drove the Kubuki-mono to live in such an antisocial and ephemeral way.
- 力士が、「両手の手(拳)を土俵に付けてから立ち会う」事は、江戸時代中期の人物で紀伊出身の鏡山沖右衛門から始まった。
- Okinoemon KAGAMIYAMA, a sumo wrestler who lived during the mid Edo period and was from Kii Province, developed a tachiai starting with both hands (fists) touching the dohyo.
- 主膳がお菊を責め立てる際にその指を一本切り落としたため、後に生まれた主膳の子には手の指が一本足りなかったともいう。
- It is also said that since Shuzen cut off one of Okiku's fingers when blaming her, his child, who was born later, had one finger missing.
- その何度でも起き上がる様子が、達磨の面壁九年という坐禅をし続けた逸話に見立てられ、達磨の顔が描かれるようになった。
- This roly-poly doll which always stands up was compared to the anecdote of Bodhidharma's persistence during his nine-year Zen meditation of wall-gazing, after which the face of Bodhidharma was painted on the doll.
- 1872年(明治5年)、成立したばかりの明治政府によって芸娼妓解放令が発令されたが、実態はほとんど変わらなかった。
- In 1872, the newly inaugurated Meiji government issued the Emancipation Decree for Female Performers and Prostitutes, but it had little effect on the real situation.
- 宮中に小袖を着用する習慣を持ち込んだのは和子といわれ、尾形光琳・尾形乾山兄弟の実家である雁金屋を取り立てたとされる。
- It is said it was Kazuko who introduced the custom to wear Kosode (Kimono with short sleeves) into the Imperial Palace, she preferred to use Karigane ya which was the house where the Korin and Kenzan OGATA brothers were born.
- 三笠宮の長男である寛仁親王も独立の生計を営んでいるが、三笠宮家の継承が予定されているため、独自の宮号は持っていない。
- Although the eldest son of Mikasanomiya, Imperial Prince Tomohito, enjoys his own independent life, he does not have his own Miya since he was expected to succeed the Mikasanomiya family.
- 「天皇の男系子孫のみが皇位を継承できる」というのは、明治期にそれまでの継承経緯とされるものを元に成立したものである。
- The regulation that `only male-line descendants of the Emperor are able to succeed the imperial throne' was established in the Meiji era; 1868 - 1912 based on the former process of imperial succession.
- 鎌倉幕府は仲恭天皇を廃位し、「後鳥羽上皇の子孫の皇位継承は認めない」とする方針を決定、非後鳥羽系皇族の擁立を図った。
- The Kamakura bakufu let Emperor Chukyo abdicate the throne and decided to institute a new policy 'Not to allow Retired Emperor Gotoba's descendants succeed to the throne,' and they tried to set up an Imperial Family member to succeed, who was not a member of Emperor Gotoba's Imperial Family.
- 文永4年(1267年)には皇后の腹に皇子の世仁親王(後宇多天皇)が生まれ、翌五年後嵯峨院の意向をもとにこれを立太子。
- In 1267 the Empress gave a birth to Imperial Prince Yohito (Emperor Gouda), and he became Crown Prince due to the Gosaga in's intention the following year.
- 制度としての宮中祭祀が確立して以降の天皇では明治天皇や大正天皇はあまり熱心ではなく、侍従らが代拝するのが主であった。
- After the Court rituals were institutionalized, both Emperor Meiji and Emperor Taisho were not so interested in them, and chamberlains usually worshipped on behalf of the Emperor.
- しかし、足立郡郡司武蔵武芝は武蔵では正官の国司赴任以前には検注が行われない慣例になっていたことから、検注を拒否する。
- However, MUSASHI no Takeshiba, the local magistrate of Adachi County, refused the Gon-no-kami's land survey because Adachi County had decided not to conduct the survey in the customary way unless the official Governor arrived in the county.
- さらに長保2年(1000年)、藤原彰子が皇后とされるに及んで1人の天皇が2人の皇后を立てることができる例が開かれた。
- Moreover, as FUJIWARA no Shoshi was to become the empress in 1000, it became an example of one emperor having two empresses.
- 北朝・崇光天皇の皇太子(厳密には皇太弟)に立てられたが、正平一統の際に南朝軍によって吉野へと連行されて廃太子された。
- After enthroned as prince (younger brother of an Emperor who is heir apparent) of Northern Court Emperor Suko, he was taken to Yoshino by the Southern court army at the time of the Shohei itto (temporal unification of the Northern and Southern Courts) incident; and was deprived of his throne.
- これは恭仁京を唐の洛陽に見立て、その洛陽と関係の深い龍門石窟の盧舎那仏を紫香楽の地で表現しようとしたものとみられる。
- It is assumed that he wanted to view Kunikyo as Luoyang in Tan, and attempted to actualize Rushanabutsu (statue of Buddha) of Ryumon sekkutsu (stone cave) which was deeply connected to Luoyang in Shigaraki.
- 軽皇子(文武天皇)が若年で立太子したときに、皇族内で異論があったことは、奈良時代に作られた『懐風藻』に記されている。
- 'Kaifuso' (Fond Recollections of Poetry) published in the Nara period reported that there were some objections within the imperial family, when Prince Karu was invested in the Crown Prince at a young age.
- 大詰第一場(極楽寺屋根立腹の場)の弁天小僧切腹から第二場(極楽寺山門の場)の駄右衛門登場に至る「強盗返」も目を惹く。
- Another eye-catching scene is 'gando gaeshi' (to pivot one large piece of scenery onto its side so as to reveal a different one) performed from a scene of Bentenkozo Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) in Scene One (scene of Gokurakuji yane tachibara) to a scene of appearance of Daemon in Scene Two (scene of Gokurakuji sanmon) of Ozume (final act).
- 「さらば、さらば、おさらばと見送る涙、見返る涙、涙の、波の立ち帰る人も、哀れはかなき」という悲痛な浄瑠璃で幕となる。
- The scene ends with a woeful Joruri saying, 'it's sad to see people who are shedding tears and saying farewell.'
- 僧は諸国を修行しながら見物しており、その途中、大和国石上(いそのかみ,現在の奈良県天理市)にある在原寺に立ち寄った。
- The monk is visiting various provinces while practicing asceticism, and on the way has come by Ariwara-dera Temple in Isonokami, Yamato Province (present Tenri City, Nara Prefecture).
- 素謡においても特に前期には勢力がつよく、忠次の子進藤以三は宗家を嗣がず京都で素謡教授をして生計を立てたほどであった。
- They were also influential in the area of su-utai (chanting a Noh text without musical accompaniment) especially in their earlier times; Tadatsugu's son, Isan SHINDO did not succeed to the head of the family but made his living by teaching su-utai in Kyoto.
- しばらく両統迭立は順調に行われていたが、鎌倉時代末期になると両統の内部で皇統分裂が見られ始め、迭立の混乱が生じてきた。
- The Ryoto Tetsuritsu was conducted smoothly for a while, however the Imperial lines started to divide within the each Imperial line at the end of the Kamakura period, the situation was getting confused in terms of sharing the throne.
- そのため、夫と別の女性との間に生まれた後光明天皇を養子として実娘・明正天皇の後継者とし、夫と徳川家双方の面目を立てた。
- Therefore Emperor Gokomyo who was born between the Emperor and aother woman was adopted to succeed to the throne after Kazuko's daughter, Emperor Meisho, this way, Kazuko was able to preserve both the Emperor's and the Tokugawa family's honor.
- 「女系」論の立場からすると、第44代元正天皇は母親である第43代元明天皇から皇位を譲られており、母親のみが天皇である。
- From the perspective of the `Female-line' theory, the forty-fourth Emperor Gensho was given the imperial throne by his mother, the forty-third Emperor Genmei who was the Emperor at the time.
- 一方で、後白河との対立は生涯に渡って解消されることはなく、「孝道には大に背けり」(『源平盛衰記』)という世評もあった。
- On the other hand, the Emperor had opposed Emperor Goshirakawa all his life, and some people said 'Emperor Nijo did not respect his father' ('Genpei Josui Ki').
- 後深草院が出家の意向を示すと、幕府は持明院統の冷遇を危惧し、妥協案として後深草皇子熙仁親王(伏見天皇)の立太子を推進。
- The bakufu, concerned about the Jimyo-in Imperial line cold treatment of the Retired Emperor Gofukakusa when he made known his intention to become a priest, they recommended Gofukakusa's Prince, Imperial Prince Hirohito (the Emperor Fushimi) to become Crown Prince as a compromised proposal.
- 正嘉2年(1258年)8月、惨烈を極めた正嘉の飢饉の最中、10歳で立太子、翌正元元年兄の後深草天皇の譲りを受けて践祚。
- During the most horrible Shoka Famine, he became Crown Prince when he was just ten years old in August 1258, then he succeeded to the throne in the following year after his brother, Emperor Gofukakusa passed the throne to him.
- 元久2年(1205年)4月、21歳で10歳年下の土御門天皇のもとに入内して女御宣下を受け、同年7月に中宮に冊立される。
- In April 1205, she entered into the court of Emperor Tsuchimikado who was ten years younger than her at the age of 21, and was given the title of nyogo; she was formally installed as chugu in July during the same year.
- さらに天武13年(684年)、八色の姓を制定して朝廷の身分秩序を確立し新冠位制を施行して冠位賦与を親王にまで拡大した。
- In 684, he enacted the Yakusa no Kabane (the eight honorary titles) so as to establish the order of social status within the imperial court, and put the new system indicating court ranks by headgear colors in effect and made Imperial Princes able to gain court rank.
- 懿徳天皇22年(紀元前489年)2月12日 (旧暦)に立太子、孝昭天皇元年(紀元前475年)1月 (旧暦)に即位した。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince on March 25, 489 B.C., then ascended the throne in 475 B.C.
- 不遇を囲った源為義の子で東国に下っていた源義朝は、保元の乱において、河内源氏恩顧の関東の武士を糾合して天皇方に立った。
- MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, who lived in the east and was the son of MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, who lived in unfortunate circumstances, gathered samurai from the Kanto region who received Kawachi-Genji's special favors, and supported the Emperor in the Hogen Disturbance.
- 瀬川如皐 (3代目)が歌舞伎に仕立て嘉永6年1月14日 (旧暦)(1853年2月21日)に江戸・中村座で初演となった。
- Joko SEGAWA (the third) made this story into Kabuki, which was performed for the first time at Edo Nakamura-za Theater on February 21, 1853.
- 昭和21年(1946年)、津山松平家より刀剣商に売却され、紆余曲折の末、国の所有となり東京国立博物館に所蔵されている。
- In 1946, the sword was sold from Matsudaira Family of Tsuyama Domain to a sword merchant, and after twists and turns it passed into the state's possession and now is in the collection of the Tokyo National Museum.
- 井筒をのぞきこむ部分に関して、「作り物の前へ行き立ち、扇を笏のやうに立て、両手に持ちて、見ればなつかしやと井の内みる」
- For the part of looking down into the izutsu, 'walk over to the stage setting and stand in front of it, hold the fan up like a scepter with both hands, and look into the well with longing'
- たとえば、立候補をした際に左目玉を墨で入れ、当選後に右目玉を墨で入れる「選挙だるま」のほとんどが高崎で生産されている。
- For example, Takasaki City produces almost all of 'Election Daruma' dolls, in whose left eye a politician paints in black ink when running for an election, and at the victory in the right eye in black ink.
- 天和3年(1683年)2月に直仁親王(崇光天皇皇太子、南朝により廃される)以来300年ぶりの立太子礼を経て皇太子となる。
- After having the ceremonial investiture of the Crown Prince in February and March 1683, the first time in three hundred years since Imperial Prince Naohito (Emperor Suko's Crown Prince, deposed by the Northern Court) he became Crown Prince.
- 後醍醐天皇の代わりに8月15日に豊仁が三種の神器の無い状況で光厳天皇の院宣により即位して光明天皇となり、北朝が成立する。
- Imperial Prince Yutahito succeeded to the throne instead of Emperor Godaigo, although he did not have the three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family, after receiving a command from ex-Emperor Kogon and became Emperor Komyo on August 15, and this was the beginning of the Northern Court.
- しかしながら、公家と武家との通婚や養子縁組を良しとしなかった父帝後水尾天皇の反対によりこの縁談は成立することはなかった。
- This marriage was not realized because her father, Emperor Gomizuno, was opposed to it, since he frowned on any marriage or adoption between kuge (court nobles) and buke (samurai families).
- 孝霊天皇36年(紀元前255年)1月に立太子、同76年(紀元前215年)2月に孝霊天皇が崩御すると、翌年1月に即位した。
- He was formally installed as Crown Prince in January, 255 B.C., and after the Emperor Korei passed away in February, 215 B.C., he was enthroned in January next year.
- 高明は親王が即位する事で外戚になれることからその立太子が期待されたが、実際には守平親王(後の円融天皇)が皇太弟となった。
- Takaakira wished the Imperial Prince to become Crown Prince since he could become his maternal relative, in fact, Imperial Prince Morihira (later called Emperor Enyu) became Crown Prince.
- 鎌倉幕府の基本的な主従制構造は、武家の棟梁である鎌倉殿(≒征夷大将軍)と御家人との御恩と奉公の関係により成り立っていた。
- The fundamental lord and vassal structure of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was formed through obligation performed by Kamakura-dono (lord of Kamakura) who was a toryo (head of samurai clan) corresponding to seii taishogun to gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate during the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods), and service performed by gokenin to Kamakura-dono.
- その一方で、親王に関しては短慮な振舞いが多く、藤原実資の『小右記』には親王に対する批判が立太子以前より多く記されている。
- Meanwhile, Criticism against Imperial Prince Atsuakira had been often indicated in 'Shoyuki' (the diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke) because before Atsuakira was installed as a prince, he behaved indiscreetly.
- これは天智天皇が「天地とともに長く日月とともに遠く、改めない常の典と立て賜い、敷き賜える法」にもとづくのだと元明は言う。
- Genmei says that this was done based on 'the code which should not be modified as long as the universe exists and as long as the sun and the moon shed light.'
- 加えて、下野した木戸や自由民権運動を率いている板垣らを牽制、懐柔するため、に大阪会議を開催し、立憲政体の詔書を発布した。
- Additionally, to warn and to conciliate Kido who resigned from the post of councilor, Itagaki who was leading Jiyu Minken Undo (the Movement for Liberty and People's Right) and their sympathizers, Okubo held the Osaka Conference to proclaim the imperial edict on the constitutional system of government.
- 京都写真家協会(きょうとしゃしんかきょうかい、略称KPS)は京都府のプロ写真家の組織で、1970年(昭和45年)に設立。
- The Kyoto Photographers' Society (KPS), an organization for professional photographers in Kyoto Prefecture, was founded in 1970.
- 天武天皇直系の男子がいなくなった時に天智天皇直系の男子である光仁天皇が擁立され、他戸親王が年少でありながら皇太子となった。
- When the direct male descendant of Emperor Tenmu was not available, Emperor Konin, the direct male descendant of Emperor Tenji, was a back up, and the Imperial Prince Osabe became prince even though he was young.
- はじめ関白藤原兼通の娘媓子を中宮とし、天元2年(979年)に彼女が亡くなると、代わって関白藤原頼忠の娘遵子を中宮に立てた。
- Initially, the chancellor (chief adviser to the Emperor) FUJIWARA no Kanemichi's daughter Koshi became the Emperor's second consort, but after she died (in 979), Junshi, daughter of the chancellor FUJIWARA no Yoritada, took over her position.
- 第二次世界大戦以前には、東京・京都・奈良の帝室博物館(現・国立博物館)の所蔵品や奈良・正倉院の宝物なども「御物」であった。
- Before World War II, the collection of the Teishitsu National Museum (currently the National Museum) in Tokyo Prefecture, Kyoto Prefecture and Nara Prefecture, as well as the treasures of Shoso-in in Nara Prefecture, were called 'gyobutsu.'
- 1683年には意中の皇位継承者であった朝仁親王(後の東山天皇)の立太子礼が行われ長く中断していた皇太子の称号を復活させた。
- In 1683 there was a ceremonial investiture of the crown prince, the Imperial Prince Asahito (later called Emperor Higashiyama), who was expected to ascend to the Imperial Throne; this brought back the title of Crown Prince, which had not been used for a long time.
- それほど鍾愛の皇女であったが、伊勢から帰京した長和5年(1016年)、当子内親王に藤原道雅が密通しているという噂が立った。
- Although she was loved by the Emperor as deeply as mentioned above, the rumor that FUJIWARA no Michimasa committed adultery with Imperial Princess Toshi was spread in 1016 when she came back from Ise to Kyoto.
- アメリカ合衆国のジェラルド・R・フォードは、昭和天皇の前に立った時には足が震えたというエピソード(竹村健一著より)もある。
- There is an episode (from the book by Kenichi TAKEMURA) that USA Gerald Rudolph Ford's legs trembled when he stood in front of Emperor Showa.
- 平安後期に即位した後三条天皇は、摂関家を外戚に持たない立場だったことから、摂関の権力から比較的自由に行動することができた。
- Emperor Gosanjo, who was enthroned in the latter Heian period, could act relatively freely because he was in position without any Sekkanke amongst maternal relatives.
- しかし、皇統が南北朝時代_、さらには北朝自体が崇光上皇、栄仁親王の系統と崇光天皇の弟である後光厳天皇の系統に分立するなど、
- However the Imperial line was separated into a few different ones such as the retired Emperor Suko's line of the Northern Court and Emperor Gokogon's line who was Emperor Suko's younger brother during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
- 先に述べた若狭と同様にこのような小国の成立は、小島が点在した地理的条件とともに、政治・宗教的な特殊事情あったと推定される。
- Like Wakasa Province in the previous description, establishment of these small provinces seemed to have political and religious circumstances with geographical conditions where small islands were scattered.
- この窮地を打開するため、在京であり光厳・光明・崇光の直系尊属である広義門院が上皇の代理として伝国詔宣を行う案が立てられた。
- To get out of difficulty, the plan to perform 伝国詔宣 by Kogimonin; the direct ancestor of Kogon, Komyo, and Suko, who stayed in Kyoto, in substitution for the Retired Emperor, was made.
- 不改常典が直系皇位継承を定めていたのなら、それを拠りどころにして文武立太子・即位の正当性を主張することができたはずである。
- If Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten had instituted the direct line imperial succession, he would have alleged the legitimacy for his investiture of the Crown was based on it.
- これに先立つ「猿翁十種」とは異なり、こちらは祖父・孫の二代にわたる猿之助の創作舞踊なので、屋号の澤瀉屋をこの名称に冠した。
- Unlike the precedent 'Eno Jusshu,' these are dances created by two generations of Ennosuke, grandfather and grandson, so they are given the stage family name, Omodakaya.
- (上方は柝を打ち続く)懐紙で涙をふき鼻をかみ、力なく立ちあがって、下手から登場した長唄三味線の送り三重によって去って行く。
- Yuranosuke wipes off tears and blows his nose with a tissue paper, stands up feebly and leaves the scene with the accompaniment of 'okurisanju,' a music played by nagauta (long epic song) shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese banjo), whose player appears from stage right (in kamigata, the scene continues with the signal of ki (wooden clappers)).
- これを立ち聞きした道節は毛野の仇討ちに乗じ、穂北郷士たちとともに挙兵して定正の命を狙うが、蟹目前らの自害を知って兵を退く。
- Eavesdropping on this conversation, Dosetsu raised an army with Hokita goshi (country samurai) in order to kill Sadamasa taking advantage of Keno's avenge, but retreated after hearing about Kanae no mae's suicide.
- (ただし女院宣下については、時の白河天皇女御藤原賢子を立后させるためだったともいわれ、非国母の故か院分受領は給わっていない)
- (However, in order for FUJIWARA no Kenshi, a nyogo of Emperor Shirakawa, to become an empress, she received the title of nyoin and did not receive a title of inbun zuryo (a head of administrative supervisors for a Imperial Palace), it maybe because she was not the empress dowager.)
- 二度の百首歌を経ていよいよ和歌に志を深めた院はついに勅撰集の撰進を思い立ち、建仁元年(1201年)七月には和歌所を再興する。
- Having been involved in two 100-poem collections, Go-Toba in became more determined to live as a poet and finally decided to make an anthology of poems (collected) by imperial command; in July 1201 he rebuilt the Waka-dokoro.
- やがて憲仁立太子の陰謀が発覚し、平時忠・平教盛・藤原成親・藤原信隆らが二条天皇により解官され、後白河の政治介入は停止された。
- Soon after, it became apparent that Prince Norihito organized a plot, TAIRA no Tokitada, TAIRA no Norimori, FUJIWARA no Narichika and FUJIWARA no Nobutaka were removed from their positions, and Goshirakawa's involvement into the politics was stopped.
- これは明徳3年(1392年)の南北朝合一の際の条件である両統迭立に反しており、その後南朝勢力はしばしば反発して武装蜂起する。
- This was against the agreement of sharing imperial succession as decided by the union of the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392, and subsequently the two sides often opposed each other in armed conflicts.
- 漢風諡号、天武天皇は代々の天皇とともに淡海三船により「天は武王を立てて悪しき王(紂王)を滅ぼした」から名付けられたとされる。
- Tenmu (天武) is his Chinese-style posthumous name, given by OMI no Mifune who also gave Chinese-style posthumous name to other emperors in Japan, meaning 'Heaven (天) sent King Wu (武) of Zhou and defeated the evil king (King Zhou).'
- ちなみに、内親王の中宮立后は後醍醐天皇の中宮珣子内親王(後伏見天皇の第一皇女、新室町院)以来実に460年ぶりのことであった。
- By the way it was indeed the first time for the Imperial Princess to be officially appointed as Chugu in four hundred and sixty years, since Emperor Godaigo's Chugu, Imperial Princess Junshi (Emperor Gofushimi's first Princess, Shinmuromachiin)
- 理由としては寺務を巡る大衆_(仏教)との対立、酒乱による乱行、江戸幕府の朝廷への介入を非難する言辞を行ったなど諸説が伝わる。
- There are various theories on the reason for his exile, one theory says he had a conflict with the temple followers about the operation of the temple, another says his misconduct during a drunken frenzy or another says he criticized the Edo Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) for intervening with the Imperial Court.
- いずれも市川團十郎 (初代)・市川團十郎 (2代目)・市川團十郎 (4代目)の團十郎によって初演された立役の当たり芸である。
- In both cases, they are performance numbers that are sure to be successful with Danjuro as the leading male actor, and the first performance was put on by Danjuro ICHIKAWA (the first), Danjuro ICHIKAWA (the second) and Danjuro ICHIKAWA (the fourth).
- また、元正天皇への継承は、幼かった皇太子首皇子(聖武天皇・第42代文武天皇の皇子・元明天皇の頃に立太子)の即位が前提であった。
- The succession to Emperor Gensho was based on the condition of the accession of young Prince Obito (the Prince of Emperor Shomu and the forty-second Emperor Monmu; he became a Prince during the era of Emperor Genmei) to the imperial throne.
- これらは、南北朝合一の約束であった両統迭立を死文化し、持明院統による皇位継承を既成事実化するための将軍足利義満の意向であった。
- This was planned by Shogun, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA who tried to cancel the mutual agreement of Ryoto tetsuritsu between the Southern and the Northern Courts, and to make the Imperial succession of the Jimyoin Imperial line become an existing fact.
- この年、政治的に対立関係にあった実力者・九条道家が失脚した事もあって、以後上皇の主導によって朝廷内の政務が行われる事になった。
- After his opposition, who was a powerful politician, Michiie KUJO lost his position, the retired Emperor took control of the politics inside the Imperial Palace.
- 禖子は母親に准じるとして同年10月25日 (旧暦)(11月25日)に康仁の立太子と同時に准三宮の称号を受け、女院宣下を受けた。
- Thereafter, Baishi was treated as the mother and thus awarded the rank of Jusangu (honorary rank next to the three Empresses: Great Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager, and Empress) upon the investiture for Yasuhito on December 3, 1331, and then was given the title of nyoin (a close female relative of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing).
- 1355年(正平10年 / 文和4年)、再び南朝に帰順した足利直冬を立てて京の奪回を目指すが、尊氏・義詮の軍に敗れて頓挫する。
- They tried to regain Kyoto putting forward Tadafuyu ASHIKAGA, who had again submitted to the Southern Court, but were defeated by the forces of Takauji and Yoshiakira, which foiled the attempt.
- 仏教伝来直後は、物部氏など神道を崇拝する人々によって唱えられた事もあったが、神仏習合の普及以後は一時的に対立は緩和していった。
- After Buddhism was introduced, Shinkoku was taught by the Mononobe clan who believed in Shinto, however the conflict between the belief of Shinkoku and Buddhism were temporarily eased after synchronization of Shinto with Buddhism was introduced.
- 文保2年(1318年)2月、尊治親王の即位に伴い、同年4月に女御宣下、次いで翌元応元年(1319年)8月には中宮に冊立される。
- After Imperial Prince Takaharu succeeded the throne in February 1318, she was given title to become Nyogo (imperial consort) in April, then was officially appointed to Chugu in August 1319.
- 新国家の樹立とも言えるが、将門は京都の天皇(当時は朱雀天皇)を「本皇」と呼ぶなど、天皇の権威を完全に否定したわけではなかった。
- It can be said that a new country was established, but Masakado, like calling the Emperor in Kyoto (at that time was Emperor Suzaku) 'Honno,' didn't completely deny the authority of the Emperor.
- 当時、朝廷は持明院統と大覚寺統の両統が交互に政務を担当する両統迭立の状態にあったが、西園寺家は両統双方と姻戚関係を結んでいた。
- At that time, the Imperial Court was alternatively ruled by the Jimyo-in Imperial line (the imperial line of Emperor Gofukakusa) and the Daikaku-ji Imperial line (the imperial line of Emperor Kameyama); Saionji family was connected to both of them by marriage.
- 直木は後に仮託説を捨てたが、仮託というアイデアは、直系・嫡系皇位継承法説からも、これを否定する立場からも引き続き参考にされた。
- NAOKI, later discarded the pretext theory, but the idea of pretext was succeeded by the supporters of the direct line imperial succession code theory and the legitimate child imperial succession code theory, as well as, those who denied the theory.
- 通常は2時間、まったく省略なしで演ずると3時間もの長尺となるこの歌舞伎は、たった一幕「三浦屋格子先の場」だけで成り立っている。
- 'Sukeroku' is a one-act play with the scene of in front of the lattice of Miuraya brothel' that usually lasts for two hours, and if it is performed without any omission, it lasts as long as three hours.
- 胡服のうわぎは元来腋に開きのあるものだったが、北周の皇族の宇文護が襴をつけることを建言して以来、縫腋袍が成立した(隋書ほか)。
- The robe of Kohuku originally had open sides, but since Yuwen Hu, an member of the Imperial Family in Northern Zhou, proposed to the government, this hoeki no ho was made (according to 'Zuisho' (the Book of the Sui Dynasty), etc.).
- 歌舞伎では通常「おんながた」と読み、立女形(たておやま)、若女形(わかおやま)のような特殊な連語の場合にのみ「おやま」とする。
- In Kabuki, it is commonly read as 'onnagata', and 'oyama' is only used when it specially follows another word such as tate-oyama or waka-oyama.
- 両親王とも、皇位を継承する可能性があったが、当時の持明院統と大覚寺統の両統迭立の情勢に翻弄され、実際には皇位に就く事がなかった。
- Both Princes had the possibility to succeed to the throne, however the situation was tossed about by the Ryoto Tetsuritsu (sharing Imperial succession) between the Jimyo-in Imperial line and the Daikakuji Imperial line, and they did not have the chance to become Emperors after all.
- 捕えられ播磨国明石まで来たとき、わたしは夢で昔の内裏よりも立派な場所で先帝と平家一門の人々が礼儀を正して控えているのを見ました。
- When I was caught and brought to Akashi in Harima Province, I had a dream and saw the former Emperor and the people from the Taira clan sitting down in polite manner somewhere looked better than the former Imperial Palace.
- このクーデターの成功により新政府が樹立され総裁・議定・参与の三職が新たに設けられると、熾仁親王はその最高職である総裁に就任する。
- This coup was successful and the new government was established, three new positions of President, Gijo, and Councilor were established and the Imperial Prince Taruhito assumed the highest position of President.
- 後の鳥羽天皇や二条天皇、後堀河天皇にも中宮・皇后となった后妃が3人いたが、同時期に3人の后が並立したのは後冷泉天皇が唯一である。
- Emperor Goreizei was the only Emperor having three Empresses at the same time, although later on Emperor Toba, Emperor Nijo and Emperor Gohorikawa had three Empresses, including the second consort of the Emperor.
- これには自らの息子に皇位を継がせたい帝の意思と、それを利用して甥である道康を立太子させたい藤原良房の陰謀があったと言われている。
- It is said that this incident happened because the Emperor wanted his son to succeed the throne; on the other hand, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa used the Emperor's intentions and formed a plot against him in order that his nephew Michiyasu could succeed to the throne.
- 天皇ははじめ中宮藤原穏子との間にあげた長子保明親王を東宮の座に据えたが、早世したためその子慶頼王を立坊させるも、やはり夭折した。
- The eldest son of the Emperor and FUJIWARA no Onshi, who was the second consort of an Emperor, Prince Yasuakira became the crown prince; however, because he died young, his son, Prince Yoriyoshi, was set up as a crown prince, but he too died young.
- なお、後水尾天皇の記録を抜いた昭和天皇は、「後水尾天皇の時は平均寿命が短く、後水尾天皇の方が立派な記録です」とコメントしている。
- Said Emperor Showa, who beat the long-standing record of Emperor Gomizunoo, 'During Emperor Gomizunoo's reign, people's lives were shorter, so his record is more valuable than mine.'
- ともあれ、これがその後院政期にしばしば見られる准母立后の始まりとなり、媞子内親王はさらに女院号までも宣下されて郁芳門院となった。
- Anyway, this became the beginning of Junbo Rikko, (becoming Junbo as well as one of the ranks of Sanko (the Empress Dowager, Empress, Grand Empress Dowager) the Imperial Princess Teishi (Yasuko) even received the title Nyoingo and became Ikuhomonin.
- その際、元弘の変に関与していない大覚寺統嫡流の邦良親王家との両統迭立を求める鎌倉幕府の意向によって康仁親王が皇太子に立てられた。
- On this occasion, Imperial Prince Yasuhito was installed as the Crown Prince by the intention of Kamakura bakufu who was demanding an alternate accedence from two ancestries of the Imperial Families including the family of Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi, the main branch of Daikakuji-to those who were not involved in the Genko Incident.
- しかし父済時の死後は後見も弱く、ことに左大臣藤原道長が娘藤原妍子を後宮に送り込み中宮に立てたため、その権勢に押されがちであった。
- However, after the death of her father Naritoki, she had weak support, and since Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) FUJIWARA no Michinaga sent his daughter FUJIWARA no Kenshi into the inner palace and made her chugu (the second consort of an emperor), she was easily pushed aside by that power.
- だが、人が寝静まった子一つの時(夜中の12時半ごろ)、女が女童を先に立たせ、女のことを思って眠れずにいた男の寝所までやってきた。
- Yet around midnight when everyone was asleep, preceded by a little girl, she went to the chamber in which he was spending a sleepless night, thinking of her.
- 開化天皇10年(紀元前148年)に産まれ、28年(紀元前130年)に立太子、60年(紀元前98年)の開化天皇崩御に伴い翌年即位。
- He was born in the tenth year of the reign of Emperor Kaika (148 B.C.) and pronounced crown prince in 130 B.C. before being enthroned as emperor, the year following the death of Emperor Kaika (98 B.C.).
- しかしその後の内乱を通じて南北朝時代 (日本)が並立し、足利将軍家方の北朝_(日本)が南朝_(日本)を吸収することで収拾された。
- However, after the civil war that followed, two Imperial Courts stood at the same time in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), and they were taken under control by the Northern Court, which was the side of the Ashikaga Shogunate, absorbing the Southern Court.
- 仁治3年(1242年)1月の後嵯峨天皇の即位を受けて、6月に急遽18歳にして同天皇の女御となり、その2ヵ月後に中宮に冊立された。
- Came to the throne of Emperor Gosaga on January 1242, she was appointed to his Nyogo (imperial consort) on very short notice as an 18 year old, and was promoted to Chugu two months later.
- 音楽、舞踊、演劇その他の芸能及びこれらの芸能の成立、構成上重要な要素をなす技法のうち我が国の芸能の変遷の過程を知る上に貴重なもの
- The performing arts including music, dance and drama, and the techniques playing an important role in such performing arts' establishment and construction, which possesses a high value for seeing the history of transition of the performing art in this country.
- もとは長谷川千四・文耕堂作「三浦大助紅梅革勺」(みうらのおおすけこうばいたづな)の内の梶原平三試名剣星合寺の場を独立させたもの。
- It was originally the scene of Kajiwara Heizo Shimeiken Hoshiai-ji in 'Miura Osuke Kobai Tazuna' written by Senshi HASEGAWA and Bunkodo (Joruri dramtists in the mid Edo period) and the scene has become a separate program.
- もしや御立会の内に、熱海市か箱根温泉塔ノ沢温泉へ湯治に御出でなさるるか、又は伊勢神宮御参宮の折からは、必ず門違いなされまするな。
- If you have the opportunity to go to Atami City, Hakone hotspring, or Tonosawa hotspring for the baths, or visit to Ise Jingu Shrine, be sure not to go to the wrong place.
- その結果、明治政府から追放されることとなった板垣退助は自由党を、大隈重信は立憲改進党を結成し、来る国会開設の準備を図ろうとした。
- As a result, Taisuke ITAGAKI and Shigenobu OKUMA who came to be purged from the Meiji Government formed the Liberal Party and the Constitutional Progressive Party, respectively, in preparations for the coming inauguration of the Imperial Diet.
- これを知っていきり立つ義実に、伏姫は「犬相手とは言え、君主たる者が一度口にした約束を違えてはいけない」と八房を伴い富山に入った。
- Yoshizane was furious when he found it out, but Princess Fuse told him that a lord should not break his promise, even a promise he has made to a dog, and entered Mt. Toyama with Yatsufusa.
- 集団ごとに幟を立てていたが、初めは幟に出身地や参加者を書いていたが、段々と滑稽なものや卑猥なものを描いたものが増えてきたという。
- At first each group held up the flag with its hometown and members written on it, but the number of flags showing comical and obscene things gradually increased.
- だが、藩の大参事小林虎三郎は、贈られた米を藩士に分け与えず、売却の上で学校設立の費用(学校設備の費用とも)とすることを決定する。
- However, Daisanji (second to a governor) of Nagaoka domain, Torasaburo KOBAYASHI decided to sell the given rice and found a school (it is also said for school facilities) with the money instead of sharing out them to the retainers.
- いずれにしても、皇位継承争いに敗れた皇族が、皇位を確保した本家に政治的に対抗するかたちで分家を創立する、というパターンは共通する。
- Both Imperial families had a similar tendency to establish a branch family of the future generations after losing the battle of Imperial succession and trying to go against the main Miyake.
- 内親王が斎宮に卜定された際にも野宮まで行幸し(天皇の野宮行幸はこの白河天皇の例のみである)、斎宮退下の後には堀河天皇の后に立てた。
- The Emperor accompanied the Imperial Princess to go to Nonomiya (the temporary palace for purification) when the Princess was appointed to become Saigu by fortune telling, (there was no other record in the history about an Emperor going to Nonimiya, apart from Emperor Shirakawa) after the Princess resigned from the position of Saigu, she was appointed as Emperor Horikawa's Empress.
- 冷泉・円融天皇両系の迭立に基づく立太子であったが、東宮の方が天皇より4歳年上の11歳であったため、「さかさの儲けの君」といわれた。
- There was a ceremonial investiture of the crown prince under the circumstance of having both Emperor Reizei and Emperor Enyu's sides in power by turns; the crown prince was called 'Sakasa no Moke no kimi' because he was eleven years old, four years older than the Emperor.
- だが、平城天皇には既に高岳親王・阿保親王の両親王がいたことから、皇太弟擁立の背景には、亡父・桓武天皇の意向が働いたといわれている。
- However, Emperor Heizei already had Prince Takaoka and Prince Abo, so the means by which Emperor Saga became the second prince was that his deceased father, Emperor Kammu, had intended it.
- 院政期の白河天皇にいたって仏式のお堂に納骨する方式が現れ、江戸時代の後水尾天皇以降は代々京都泉涌寺に石造塔形式の陵墓が建立された。
- During the period of the cloister government by Emperor Shirakawa, a new funeral style was adopted, in which the ashes of a deceased person were placed in a Buddhist chapel, and during the Edo period, tower-shaped stone graves were built at Senyu-ji Temple in Kyoto for the emperors after Emperor Gomizuno.
- ただしこの薬師寺の建立地は飛鳥であり、現在の地ではない(現在、この薬師寺の址として奈良県橿原市に本薬師寺址という史跡が存在する)。
- Yakushi-ji Temple was built in Asuka and later moved to the present location. (The original site of Yakushi-ji Temple is located in Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture, and now is called Moto-yakushi-ji Temple (former Yakushi-ji Temple).)
- 薨去後、第一王子の慶頼王が皇太子に立てられるが、2年後僅か5歳で薨去し、王の代わりに親王の弟、寛明親王(朱雀天皇)が皇太子となる。
- After the death of prince Yasuakira, the first prince, Prince Yoriyoshi became the Crown Prince, however, he also died two years later at the age of just five, and then the younger brother of Yasuakira, Imperial Prince Yutaakira (the Emperor Suzaku) succeeded the Crown Prince.
- 武家政権の台頭を嫌いその勢威を抑制してきた後白河天皇が死去すると、1192年に征夷大将軍に任ぜられ、今日でいう鎌倉幕府が成立した。
- After the demise of Emperor Goshirakawa who had disliked the rise of the samurai government and suppressed its power, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo was appointed as seii taishogun in 1192 and established what is now called the Kamakura bakufu.
- また、細部において、和談自体の存在を否定する者、和談は実施されたが次代の皇太子については合意に達しなかったとする者が並立している。
- In addition, in details, some believe that the Compromise itself did not exist, and others believe that an agreement was not reached on the next heir to the throne despite negotiations.
- 奈良時代は朝賀・即位・改元・立后・立太子などの儀式に用いられ、平安時代以降は任大臣・贈位・神社・天皇陵などの告文にだけ用いられた。
- In the Nara period they were used at the ceremonies such as Choga (New Year greetings or well-wishes offered by retainers to the Emperor), enthronement, changing the name of an era, investiture of the Empress, investiture of the Crown Prince, and after the Heian period, only used for imperial instructions such as appointment of ministers, conferral of posthumous ranks, shrines and the Imperial mausoleum, and so on.
- このように地車と認めづらい地区が存在するのだが、これらの地区にあたる(北)長柄・南長柄等では地車囃子を独立した音楽ととらえている。
- Thus, there are areas which can hardly be called to be in possession of danjiri, but places such as (north) Nagara and Minami Nagara in these areas view danjiri bayashi as an independent music.
- ドイツのゲルマン国立博物館およびザクセンフォークアート美術館に、19世紀前半に折られたものと推定されている作品群が所蔵されている。
- Germanisches National Museum and Saxon Folk Art Museum in Germany possess origami models which are estimated to have been folded in the early 19th century.
- 1956年、売春防止法が成立し、1958年3月31日、同法の施行と共に公娼地域としての遊廓の歴史は、完全に幕を閉じることになった。
- The Anti-Prostitution Law was enacted in 1956, and with the enforcement of this Law, the history of Yukaku as a red-light district completely ended up on March 31, 1958.
- しかし、1412年に称光天皇が即位するに際して迭立再開の条件は撤回されることとなり、後小松天皇の直系子孫による皇位継承が宣言された。
- However after Emperor Shoko succeeded to the throne in 1412, the agreement to restart sharing the Imperial throne was cancelled, there was a declaration for Emperor Gokomatsu's direct descendants to succeed to the throne.
- 統一政権の成立とともに、桂宮、有栖川宮、閑院宮の3家が相次いで創設され、伏見宮とあわせて、この4つの世襲親王家を「四親王家」と呼ぶ。
- After political power was united into, three Miyake, Katsuranomiya, Arisugawanomiya, and Kaninnomiya were established one after another, these are called 'the Four Imperial families' including Fushiminomiya.
- 万世一系の立場からは、女系天皇は即位しても神武天皇以来の皇統に属さず、その結果として日本史上初の王朝交代が生じる、ということになる。
- From the perspective of an unbroken line of Emperors, a Female-line Emperor doesn't belong to the imperial lineage originating from Emperor Jinmu even if he/she ascended to the throne, therefore, leading to the first-ever dynastic change in Japan.
- 1333年(元弘3年)に始まる後醍醐の建武の新政は数年で失敗に至り、当時最大の実力者だった足利尊氏が幕府政権を樹立することとなった。
- The Kenmu Restoration started by Emperor Godaigo in 1333, ended in just a few years, the person in power at that time, Takauji ASHIKAGA was to open the bakufu (the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun)).
- その後、中務卿に任命されたものの、大叔父・後醍醐天皇との対立は続き、足利尊氏によって持明院統の光明天皇が即位すると、これを支持した。
- After that, the Imperial Prince was appointed to Nakatsukasakyo (an official position equivalent to Shoshiinojo (Senior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade)), the conflict between his granduncle, Emperor Godaigo continued, he was supportive when Emperor Komyo succeeded to the throne which was organized by Takauji ASHIKAGA.
- 同じ天台宗でありながら園城寺と激しく対立する延暦寺では不満が渦巻き、各地では延暦寺傘下の神人と院近臣の国司の間で抗争が絶えなかった。
- This was cause for strong frustration within Enryaku-ji Temple which although still had the same background as the Tendai sect of Buddhism, but fiercely opposed Onjo-ji Temple, there were many fights that broke out between the Shinto priests who were under the umbrella of Enryaku-ji Temple and the Kokushi (Kunitsukasa) (the head of the local government) of Goshirakawa's aides.
- 朝廷内部にまで政治的影響力を及ぼし多くの公家を主従関係の下に置いた室町幕府3代将軍足利義満と上皇の関係は険悪であり、両者は対立する。
- There was an abrupt relationship between the Retired Emperor and the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) --the third Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, who influenced his political power within the Imperial Palace and held many court nobles in the relationship of master and servant--and each party opposed each other.
- 南北朝時代 (日本)以降、元弘3年(1333年)に後醍醐天皇の皇后(中宮)に立てられた珣子内親王を最後として、皇后の冊立は途絶えた。
- The period of the Northern and Southern Courts (in Japan) onward, Imperial Princess Junshi, the wife of Emperor Godaigo was the last to become empress (Chugu) in 1333 and the empress by Imperial Investiture ended.
- この説が正しければ、白河院政に先立つ最初の院政ということもできるが、後三条は譲位後半年足らずで死去したのでその真意は謎のままである。
- If the theory is correct, it can be regarded as the first Insei preceding the Shirakawa Insei (ruled by the retired Emperor Shirakawa), but since Gosanjo had passed away in less than a half year after abdication, his real intention remains a mystery.
- また8世紀以降で高橋人足、高橋子老、高橋安雄の三名が若狭国の国司に任命されており、律令制成立以後は、内膳司が直接支配した地域である。
- In addition, Hitotari TAKAHASHI, Kooyu TAKAHASHI, and Yasuo TAKAHASHI were assigned as kokushi (provincial governors) of Wakasa Province after the eighth century, and Naizenshi directly dominated the province after the establishment of the Ritsuryo system.
- 後に主流となった頼信の嫡流が東国の武士団を支配下に置いて武家の棟梁としての地位を固め、源頼朝の代に鎌倉幕府を開き武家政権を確立した。
- The direct descendants of Yorinobu, who later became the mainstream, solidified their position as the head of the samurai family with the eastern samurai groups under their control, and in the era of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, they founded the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and established the samurai government.
- 単に高所作業を行うだけでなく、設置場所の状態や作業性、足場解体時の効率など、その場に応じて的確に判断して組み立てることが求められる。
- Besides working simply in high places, ashibatobi is required to assemble scaffolds based on proper judgment of the condition or the workability in the area and the efficiency at the time of disassembling depending on the various situations.
- また、黒田清隆首相は「政党の動向に左右されず、超然として公正な施策を行おうとする政府の政治姿勢(超然主義)」を示し、議会と対立した。
- Additionally, showing 'political stance of the government which aspired to take equitable measures being uninfluenced by and detached from movements of political parties,' Prime Minister Kiyotaka KURODA came into collision with the Diet.
- 当初は毒にも薬にもならぬ人物と思われ、大王に擁立されるが次第に横暴な面が目立つようになり、最終的には厩戸と蘇我氏によって暗殺される。
- At the beginning, he was thought to be good for nothing and was helped to the throne, but his autocratic manner became increasingly accentuated and finally he was assassinated by Prince Umayado and the Soga Clan.
- 兄・後深草の系統を持明院統、弟・亀山の系統を大覚寺統というが、これが日本史上最大の皇位迭立となり、後世に大きな影響を与えることとなる。
- The older brother, Emperor Gofukakusa's line was called the Jimyoin Imperial line, and the younger brother, Emperor Kameyama's line was called the Daikakuji Imperial line, this example of sharing the throne was the biggest event in Japanese history that had a great impact on the later period.
- 現状のままではいずれの宮家も近い将来に断絶してしまうことになり、皇位の補間としての宮家の立場から、宮家の存続をめぐり様々な意見がある。
- If the current situation continues, all the Miyake may discontinue in near future, there are various opinions for Miyake to survive in the view of interpolating the Imperial throne.
- 一方、霊元法皇は長年幕府と対立関係にあったが、政敵である近衛基熙の権力基盤である幕府との関係に楔を打ち込むためにこれに応じたのである。
- On the other hand the Cloistered Emperor Reigen was opposed to the bakufu for a long time, he also agreed to this plan to drive a wedge into the relationship between Motohiro KONOE and the bakufu, in which Konoe got the basis of his political power from.
- 即位と同時に皇子を多く臣籍降下させたが、病を得たため仁和3年8月25日に子宇多天皇(さだみ)を親王に復し、翌8月26日に立太子させた。
- As soon as he was enthroned, he allowed many princes to be demoted from nobles to subjects; due to his illness, his son, Emperor Uda (Sadami) was returned as a prince on August 25, Ninna 3 and Emperor Uda became the crown prince on August 26, Ninna 4.
- やがて、天皇は惟喬親王の立太子を条件に惟仁親王への譲位を図るが、惟喬親王の身に危機が及ぶ事を恐れた左大臣源信の諫言で取り止めとなった。
- Soon the Emperor tried to let Prince Korehito resign from his position as the crown prince, as he wanted Prince Koretaka to become the crown prince instead; however, Sadaijin MINAMOTO no Makoto, advised that it should be stopped since he was concerned about Prince Koretaka's safety.
- 1392年(明徳3年)には義満の斡旋によって南朝との和平が成立して南北朝時代が終結したが、1393年(明徳4年)4月26日に崩御した。
- In 1392 the period of the Northern and Southern Courts finished after a peace agreement was concluded between both parties with Yoshimitsu's help, the retired Emperor died on April 26, 1393.
- 尊氏が南朝に降伏し正平一統が成立すると、北朝方の三種の神器(後醍醐は偽器と主張していた)を接収し、尊氏に対して直義追討の綸旨を与える。
- Shohei itto (temporal unification of the Northern and Southern Courts) was realized with Takauji's surrender to the Southern Court, Emperor Gomurakami took over the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family on the side of the Northern Court (Godaigo had insisted that they had been imitations) and gave an Imperial order to hunt down and kill Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA.
- 第二次世界大戦直後、厳しい食料統制のさなか、昭和22年(1947年)飲食営業緊急措置令が施行され、すし店は表立って営業できなくなった。
- Under strict food control in the era immediately after the end of World War II, sushi shops were prohibited from doing business openly due to the enforcement of the Emergency Restaurant Business Measures Ordinance in 1947.
- やがて、「立ち別れ いなばの山の 峰に生ふる 待つとし聞かば いま帰り来ん」(在原行平)の歌に始まる中ノ舞から心が激して破ノ舞となる。
- The Naka no mai (moderate-tempo dance), beginning with the poem 'Although I leave you and go to Inaba Province, I will return immediately if I hear you wait for me like the pines growing at the peak of Mt. Inaba (play on word – wait and pine are both pronounced 'matsu'' (ARIWARA no Yukihira), eventually turns into the Ha no mai (very high-tempo dance) as the sisters become more passionate.
- しかし、当時野党第一党の日本社会党が「建国記念日」の制定を「戦前回帰、保守反動の最たるもの」として非難・反対したため、成立しなかった。
- However, such bills did not pass, because the then leading opposition party, Japan Socialist Party, opposed to and criticized the establishment of National Foundation Day, citing 'a return to a prewar period and the prime example of reactionary conservatism' as the reason.
- 桓武の後は、桓武長子の平城天皇が皇位継承し、その遺志に従う形で病弱であった平城の次にはその弟の神野親王(後の嵯峨天皇)が皇太弟に立った。
- After Emperor Kanmu's era, his eldest son, Emperor Heizei succeeded to the throne, his younger brother, Imperial Prince Kamino (later called Emperor Gosaga) became the second successor to the Crown Prince by following the Emperor's will after the Emperor Heizei, who was born weak.
- 親王の誕生前年、父である崇徳天皇は院政を行う鳥羽上皇の強い意向によって異母弟・体仁親王(後の近衛天皇)を皇太弟に立てることを強要される。
- A year earlier before the Imperial Prince was born, his father, the Emperor Sutoku was forced by the Retired Emperor Toba who was executing Insei (rule by the retired emperor) to accept his half brother, Imperial Prince Narihito (future Emperor Konoe) as a younger brother of the Emperor who was heir apparent.
- 1352年(正平7年/観応3年)、北朝・幕府と対立していた南朝は、観応の擾乱に乗じ、北朝側の治天・天皇・皇太子を拉致することに成功した。
- In 1352 the Southern Court that was going against the Northern Court and the bakufu, attempted to cause the Kanno Disturbance and was able to kidnap the Chiten, Emperor, and Crown Prince of the Northern Court.
- 後陽成天皇はかねてから豊臣秀吉の意向で立てられた儲君・第1皇子良仁親王(覚深法親王)を廃して、自らの手で次期天皇を決める事を望んでいた。
- Emperor Goyozei wanted to get rid of the crown prince (the first prince), Imperial Prince Katahito (monk-Prince Kakushin), who had been appointed according to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's disposition, and wanted to make his own decision as to who should be the next Emperor.
- 寿永2年(1183年)、平氏が源義仲の軍に京都から追い出された為、平氏とともに西走した安徳天皇の代わりに新たな帝を立てる必要が出てきた。
- When the Taira clan was pushed out of Kyoto by the force of MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka (1183), Emperor Antoku escaped to the west with the Taira clan and a new Emperor was needed.
- 即位当初は政治に意欲的に取り組み、官司の統廃合や年中行事の停止、中・下級官人の待遇改善など政治・経済の立て直しを行い、民力休養に努めた。
- In the early stage of his reign, he dealt aggressively with politics, trying to combine or remove officials, stopping annual events or improving working conditions for middle- and low-class officials in order to restore the politics and finances as a means to ease ordinary people.
- 久寿2年(1155年)近衛天皇が死去すると、美福門院の養子となっていた二条天皇即位までの中継ぎとして、立太子しないまま29歳で即位した。
- After Emperor Konoe died in 1155, Emperor Goshirakawa was enthroned without becoming Crown Prince, when he was twenty nine years old, he was enthroned temporarily until Emperor Nijo's enthronement who was an adopted child of Bifukumon in.
- 親王は母が藤原時平の妹、妃が娘であった為時平と繋がりが深く、人々は親王と慶頼王の薨去は時平が追いやった菅原道真の祟りとする風評が立った。
- As Prince Yasuakira's mother was a sister of FUJIWARA no Tokihira and his wife was a daughter of Tokihira, he had a strong connection with Tokihira, thus the rumor spread that the death of Yasuakira and his son were under the direct influence of the evil spirit of SUGAWARA no Michizane who was expelled by Tokihira.
- 建武2年(1335年)、広義門院の甥西園寺公宗が後醍醐天皇を廃し、後伏見院政を復活して持明院統を再興する計画を立てたが、失敗に終わった。
- In 1335, Kinmune SAIONJI, the nephew of Kogimonin abolished the throne of Emperor Godaigo, and made a plan to resume the cloistered government by Gofushimi to revive the Jimyo-in Imperial line, but it failed.
- なお通常二・八・九段目は上演されないが、昭和49年 (1974) 国立劇場において、逆に二・八・九段目だけを上演するという試みがあった。
- Although acts two, eight and nine are usually not performed, an attempt was made in 1974 to perform only acts two, eight and nine at the National Theater.
- 鉄骨構造の建築物において、鉄工所などで製作された柱や梁になる鋼材をクレーンなどで吊り上げて組み立てる(建て方・建て込みとも呼ばれる)鳶。
- Tekkotsutobi is a workman who operates a crane to hoist and assemble (also called 'takekata' or 'tatekomi') steel members such as columns and beams manufactured in iron factories to construct steel buildings.
- 本来の語義からいえば、女形を演じる役者は男にかぎられるものではないが、現在では「男が女を演じる」という認識に立って理解されることが多い。
- In the original meaning, the term, actors who play oyama should not be limited to men, but today, oyama is often recognized as the word which refers to `the man acting a woman.'
- 一方、岡本太郎や花田清輝らの結成した「夜の会」、安部公房らによる「記録芸術の会」などに参加し、総合的な芸術への視野に立った活動を始めた。
- At the same time, he took part in 'Yoru no Kai' (the Night Society) organized by Taro OKAMOTO, Kiyoteru HANADA and so on, and 'Kiroku Geijutsu no Kai ' (Organization of the Documentary Arts) by Kobo ABE and so on; and started his activities looking at all kinds of arts as a whole.
- 3代・幸仁親王は、延宝8年(1680年)に将軍家綱が死去した際、大老の酒井忠清によって将軍に擁立されようとした、とする宮将軍擁立説がある。
- There is an episode in which, when Shogun Ietsuna died in 1680, the third successor, Prince Yukihito, was about to be captured by a chief minister, Tadakiyo SAKAI; it is one of the theories that emerged and became known, as both the Imperial Palace and Shogun tried to set up the story.
- 東大寺の戒壇院に伝来したもので、東大寺、東京国立博物館、前田育徳会、白鶴美術館に巻子本として所蔵されるほか、古筆手鑑などに断簡がみられる。
- It was handed over to Kaidan-in, Todai-ji Temple, and as kansu bon (scroll), is now held at Todai-ji Temple, Tokyo National Museum, Maeda Ikutoku Kai and Hakutsuru Museum, and also dankan is found in Kohitsu Tekagami.
- 「后腹」の親王の政治的立場を強化するために平城・嵯峨の同母妹である高志内親王を同じ式家出身の母親を持つ大伴親王に嫁がせたと考えられている。
- It is therefore assumed that, in order to strengthen the political position of the Imperial Princes of the Empress, Imperial Princess Koshi, who was the maternal sister of Heizei and Saga, was made to marry Imperial Prince Otomo, who had a mother from the same the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan.
- 逝去当時、源氏でありながら藤原氏の養女として立后した事で、藤原氏の氏神である春日大社の神の怒りを買った為に亡くなったのだという噂が流れた。
- When she died, the rumor spread saying she died due to the anger of deities of Kasuga-taisha Shrine, which was a private deity of the FUJIWARA family, because she became an empress consort as the adopted daughter of the FUJIWARA family though she originally had been a member of the Minamoto clan.
- 弘安8年(1285年)8月、後二条天皇准母として皇后に冊立(尊称皇后、ただし実際は後二条天皇は生後間もなく立太子もしていないので誤りか)。
- In August, 1285, she was formally proclaimed Empress as junbo (a woman who was given the status equivalent to the emperor's mother) of Emperor Gonijo (Sonsho Kogo, an empress who was not actually the spouse of an emperor but given only the honorific title, however, this may not be true because this was too soon after the birth of Gonijo and the emperor was not formally installed as Crown Prince).
- 居敷当(いしきあて)は、単衣仕立ての衣の尻が当たるあたりに、背縫い目が開かないように補強のために裏(中)から当てる四角い厚地の布片である。
- Ishikiate is a square piece of thick cloth for the reinforcement of an unlined garment; it prevents the seams from coming apart and is applied from the back (inside) to the part that presses against the wearer's hip.
- ちゃんこ鍋は昔からそっぷと呼ばれる鶏ガラで出汁をとることが多いが、これは人間と同じように二本脚で立つ鶏から縁起を担ぐ意味も込められている。
- Soup stock for the chankonabe has been often taken from chicken bones called soppu since early times to bring good luck from a chicken standing on two legs like human beings.
- 智仁親王は初め豊臣秀吉の猶子となったが、秀吉に実子が生まれたため、豊臣家を離れ、あらたに秀吉から知行地を献じられることとなり、一家を立てた。
- Imperial Prince Toshihito was adopted by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, but after Hideyoshi had his biological son, the Prince left the Toyotomi family and was given an estate by Hideyoshi, and he established his own family.
- また、後深草天皇の血統(持明院統)とは別に、自らの血統(大覚寺統)の繁栄に力を注ぎ、皇統が分裂して交互に皇位継承を行う両統迭立の端緒となる。
- The Emperor worked hard to continue his own Imperial line (the Daikaku-ji Imperial line) apart from Emperor Gofukakusa's (the Jimyo-in Imperial line), this was the beginning of the separation of the Imperial lineage and sharing of Imperial succession for both parties.
- この説によれば日本では聖徳太子が政治を始めた601年(厳密には6世紀末とされているが、表立った活動の記録はない。)が辛酉の大革命の年である。
- According to this legend, 601 A.D., when Prince Shotoku took office (although he is believed to have taken office at the end of the 5th century, there is no record of his activities before 601), was the year of the great Shinyu revolution.
- 崇敬の声が大きくなり、丹波国にも祀られていたものを、雄略天皇22年(崩御前年)に外宮を設立することで収拾を図ったのではないかとする説がある。
- Following the movement of worship, the Emperor had the Geku constructed in 478 (one year before his death), also with another aim to enshrine the Divine which had also been enshrined in the Tanba Province, a theory says.
- 大土巡回:津長・新川・石井・大水・川相・熊淵・饗土橋姫・大山祇・子安・宇治山田・那自売・芦原・大土御祖・宇治乃奴鬼・国津御祖・葦立弖神社神社
- Otsuchi Junkai: Tsunaga, Niikawa, Iwai, Omizu, Kawaai, Kumabuchi, Aedohashihime, Oyamatsumi, Koyasu, Ujiyoda, Najime, Ashihara, Otsuchimioya, Ujinonuki, Kunitsumioya, and Ashidate jinja Shrines
- 平安仏画の代表作である奈良国立博物館蔵の国宝・絹本著色十一面観音像は井上馨及び益田孝の旧蔵で、1935年5月20日に重要美術品に認定された。
- Juichimen Kannon-zo (the statue of Eleven-faced Kannon) painted in color on a silk canvas in the collection of Nara National Museum, which is a leading Buddhist painting of the Heian period, used to be owned by Kaoru INOUE and then by Takashi MASUDA and was accredited as an important art object on May 20, 1935.
- スペインでは「オジャ デ 〜」の他、「〜 カルドソ」「アロス 〜」「アロス アンブ 〜」という名称で同様のお米入りスープ仕立ての料理がある。
- In Spain, there are dishes of rice made with soup named '… caldoso,' 'arroz …' and 'arroz anb …,' similar to 'olla de ….'
- また、板垣、後藤、江藤、副島らは、に民選議院設立建白書を政府に提出して有司専制を批判し、議会開設を主な要求とする自由民権運動の嚆矢となった。
- Itagaki, Goto, Eto, Soejima and their sympathizers presented an opinion paper on establishing democratically elected parliament that criticized Yushi Sensei (despotism by domain-dominated government) to the government starting the Movement for Liberty and People's Right of which the establishment of the National Diet was the main demand.
- 慶長の頃の記録であるが、諸大名が参勤交代や旅行で駕籠を用いるときに、非常時に対する備えとして、打根を駕籠の片隅に立てて乗ったといわれている。
- According to the records from the early 1600s, uchine were equipped for emergencies in the corner of palanquins used by feudal lords when on Sankinkotai or when traveling.
- 明治時代に入ってからも馬琴の評価は高く、坪内逍遥や二葉亭四迷によって近代文学が打ち立てられるまで日本文学は読本など戯作の影響を逃れなかった。
- Even in the Meiji period, the works of Bakin were highly appreciated, and until the early modern literature was established by Shoyo TSUBOUCHI and Shimei FUTABATEI, Japanese literature had been highly influenced by gesaku such as Yomihon.
- その後、藤原仲麻呂の強い推挙により天武の孫の淳仁天皇が立ったが、藤原仲麻呂の乱に連座して淳仁は廃帝となり、孝謙が再度即位して称徳天皇となった。
- After that, Emperor Tenmu's grandchild, Emperor Junnin succeeded to the throne upon the strong recommendation of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, however he was involved in the FUJIWARA no Nakamaro dispute, Emperor Junnin was removed from his position, Empress Koken was enthroned again to become Empress Shotoku.
- 和宮は「空蝉の 唐織り衣 なにかせん あやも錦も 君ありてこそ」の和歌を添えその西陣織を増上寺に奉納、のちに年忌の際、袈裟として仕立てられた。
- Kazunomiya gave the Nishijin brocade with the following poem to the Zojo-ji Temple, and later the Nishijin brocade was made into Kesa (an oblong piece of ornamental cloth worn over the robe by a Buddhist priest) on the anniversary, 'Even though I have this gorgeous Nishijin brocade Kimono, I would enjoy wearing it if you are still alive.'
- この頃、政治の主導権を巡って後白河と二条天皇は激しく対立していたため、その出生には「世上嗷々の説(不満・批判)」があったという(『百錬抄』)。
- During this period, Emperor Goshirakawa and Emperor Nijo were severely opposed to each other taking control of political power, it was said there was a lot of criticism and complaining against the birth of Prince ('Hyakurensho' (History book from the Kamakura period)).
- 帝国議会開設当初は、超然主義を唱える藩閥政府と衆議院に依拠する政党勢力が鋭く対立衝突したが、天皇はしばしば詔勅を発し、調停者的機能を発揮した。
- In the beginning of the opening of the Imperial Diet, there was often conflict between the Han-dominated government who support the detached policy, and the government force who was based on the House of Representatives, the Emperor sometimes issued an order and worked as an arbitrator.
- これは綏靖紀二年条に「(安寧天皇の父である綏靖天皇は)五十鈴依媛を立てて皇后と為したまう。すなわち天皇の姨(みおば)なり」とあるのと合致する。
- This matched the description in Suizei-ki 二年条 '(Emperor Suizei, a father of Emperor Annei) took Isuzuyori hime for his wife as Empress, that is, she was a mioba (a sister of the wife) of Emperor.'
- 第一皇女章子内親王出産の折には、周りの失望に天皇が「昔は女帝が立ったこともあるのだから」と言って威子を庇ったという話が『栄花物語』に見られる。
- When she delivered the first Imperial Princess Shoshi, according to 'Eiga Monogatari' (A tale of Flowering Fortunes), those around Kishi were disappointed and the Emperor stood up for her by saying 'the Empress used to exist in ancient times.'
- 翌文応2年2月(1261年3月)、中宮に冊立されるが、半年後の弘長元年8月(1261年9月)、女御西園寺嬉子が立后されるのを受け、皇后となる。
- In March, 1261, she was installed as chugu (the second consort of an emperor), and a half year later, she became an empress when nyogo, Kishi SAIONJI was installed as empress in September, 1261.
- とりわけ鎌倉幕府成立以後は武家の棟梁の一族が代々世襲で征夷大将軍に就任し、少なくとも基本的に内政や外交では日本の最高権力者として君臨してきた。
- Particularly after the Kamakura Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was established, the head family of the samurai families inheritably succeeded the position of Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), and at least in basic domestic affairs and diplomatic affairs, they reigned as the highest authority.
- このことから、関東申次西園寺実兼と執権北条時宗との折衝により、後深草の皇子熈仁親王(伏見天皇)が同年中に亀山の猶子となり親王宣下、立太子した。
- Accordingly, as a result of negotiations between Sanekane SAIONJI, Kanto moshitsugi (court-appointed liaison with the bakufu) and the regent Tokimune HOJO, Imperial Prince Hirohito (Emperor Fushimi), the son of Gofukakusa, became an adopted child of Kameyama in 1275, and was given the title of Imperial Prince and formally installed as the Imperial Prince.
- 下関条約の結果、清の朝鮮に対する宗主権は否定され、ここに東アジアの国際秩序であった冊封体制は終焉を迎えた(李氏朝鮮は大韓帝国として独立した)。
- As a result of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, China's sovereignty over Korea was renounced whereby the traditional tributary system which was the international order in East Asia came to an end (and the Yi Dynasty Korea attained independence as the Korean Empire).
- 成り立ちは、幕末~明治初期、薩長の田舎侍が我が物顔で江戸を闊歩していることが気に食わず、江戸っ子の心意気を誇張して魅せるために作ったとされる。
- It is said that the story was created to express the sprit of a native of Edo in an exaggerated way as the author didn't like country samurai from Saccho (Satsuma Domain and Choshu Domain), who walked around like they owned the world, from the end of Edo period through until the early Meiji period.
- 1957年(昭和32年)2月13日には、自由民主党 (日本)の衆議院国会議員らによる議員立法として「建国記念日」制定に関する法案が提出された。
- Legislators of the house of Councilors and members of the Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) submitted a bill as legislation by House members to call for the establishment of 'National Foundation Day' (建国記念日) on February 13, 1957.
- これに対して淳和は却って紛争の原因となる事を危惧を抱いており、嵯峨に仁明の次にはその皇子を立てるべきであると忠告したものの受け入れられなかった。
- After this arrangement however, Emperor Junna was concerned it would cause another dispute, he advised Emperor Saga to appoint Emperor Ninmyo's Prince as a successor after the Emperor Ninmyo, however this advice was rejected.
- 天武は、自身以降の皇位承継紛争を防止するため、兄弟承継を廃止し、直系男子が皇位承継するルールを定めようと試みたらしく、草壁皇子を皇太子に立てた。
- Emperor Tenmu discontinued the Imperial succession between brothers to stop disputes due to the Imperial succession after his era, it was said he tried to set up a rule for the male in his direct line to succeed the throne, he allowed Prince Kusakabe become Crown Prince.
- その後、大正天皇の3皇子のうち、大正2年(1913年)に高松宮宣仁親王が断絶した有栖川宮の祭祀を継承するために高松宮の宮号を賜り宮家を創立した。
- After that, Takamatsunomiya Imperial Prince Nobuhito, who was one of Emperor Taisho's Princes of three, was given the Miya go title of Takamatsunomiya to succeed the ritual of Arisugawanomiya in 1913, that was discontinued after Takamatsunomiya Imperial Prince Nobuhito, and established a new Miyake.
- 翌仁安元年(1166年)、六条天皇を後見していた摂政・近衛基実が死去すると平清盛を自派に引き入れて、10月10日、憲仁親王の立太子を実現させた。
- In 1166, after Regent, Motozane KONOE died, who was the supervisor of Emperor Rokujo, Emperor Goshirakawa allowed TAIRA no Kiyomori join his force, and he allowed Imperial Prince Norihito to officially become Crown Prince on 11 November.
- しかし後朱雀天皇の即位にあたり、伯父の関白頼通が養女嫄子を入内させて中宮に冊立した頃から、禎子内親王と摂関家の関係は急速に悪化していったらしい。
- However after Emperor Gosuzaku's enthronement, this was the time the Princess's uncle and the Chancellor, Yorimichi made her adopted daughter Geshi an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into court and she became Chugu, the relationship between the Princess Teishi and the Sekkan family (family eligible for the regent and the chancellor) became worse all the sudden.
- しかし、白河天皇に始まる院政では、上皇が子へ譲位した後も、直接的な父権に基づき政治の実権を握るようになったため、摂関政治はその存立根拠を失った。
- However, after Emperor Shirakawa started his cloister government, the retired Emperor still took the control of politics to use his direct paternal rights after he passed the position to his son, there was no basis for regency government to exist any longer.
- やがて源平争乱を経て鎌倉幕府が成立、承久の乱で後鳥羽天皇を流刑に処するに至ると、朝廷ではいよいよ崇徳の祟りが起こったと恐れたと言う(御霊信仰)。
- Soon after that Taira-Minamoto War occurred, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was established, Emperor Gotoba was sentenced to deportation after The Jokyu War, the Imperial Palace feared the wrath of Sutoku's. (Goryo Shinko)
- 親王はこの事に加え、家臣であり教育係であった飯田忠彦の影響を色濃く受け、明治新政府の成立に至るまで朝廷における反会津・親長州派の急先鋒となった。
- In addition to the above, the Prince was influenced strongly by his aides as well as an educator, Tadahiko IDA, he was the vanguard against the Aizu and Choshu Domain supporters of the Imperial Palace until the Meiji new government was established.
- しかしながら、他戸親王の立太子に反対していた藤原式家の藤原良継・藤原百川兄弟の陰謀に遭い、光仁天皇を呪ったとして庶人に落とされ、母共々変死した。
- However, Imperial Prince Osabe was entrapped by a scheme of FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and a FUJIWARA no Momokawa (brothers) from the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan who opposed his investiture of the Crown Prince; and eventually he was demoted to common people for allegedly having put a curse on Emperor Konin, thereafter he and his mother died an unnatural death.
- さらに鳥羽は、永治元年(1141年)、同年に即位した自分の末子近衛天皇の生母藤原得子を、天皇の生母であることを根拠に皇后(皇后宮)に立てている。
- Moreover, Toba made FUJIWARA no Tokuko, who was the real mother of his last son, Emperor Konoe, an empress, based on the fact that she was his real mother.
- 摂関政治の成立の背景には、国内外の脅威がなくなったことにともなって政治運営が安定化し、政治の中心が儀式運営や人事などへ移行していったことにある。
- The background of the establishment of Sekkanseiji was that because threats inside and outside the country had gone, politics had been stabilized, and the center of the politics began to be moved to the management of ceremonies and personal matters.
- この期間中、猿ヶ辻の邸宅は京都御所拡張のために召し上げられ、幟仁親王は現在の京都市立銅駝美術工芸高等学校の場所にあった宮家の夷川別邸に転居した。
- During this period, the residence near the Saru-ga-tsuji Crossroads was confiscated in order to expand the Kyoto Imperial Palace, and Imperial Prince Takahito had to move to the family's secondary residence called the Ebisugawa Villa, whose site is currently used for Kyoto City Dohda Senior High School of Arts.
- 劇の宣伝文である「語り」には「豐國漫畫姿其儘歌舞伎仕組義賊傳」(大意:豊国の下絵に描かれた姿をそのまま歌舞伎に仕立て上げた義賊伝である)とある。
- Talking' which was an advertising statement of play had a phrase meaning that 'this was a story about chivalrous robber which was shaped into Kabuki as shown in Toyokuni's preliminary sketch.
- 次の古墳時代になると出土品が多くなり、環頭大刀(かんとうだち)や頭椎大刀(かぶつちのたち)など、柄頭に特徴的な装飾がある外装が目立つようになる。
- From sections of the Kofun period (tumulus period) that followed, more artifacts were excavated, including fittings the majority of which bear pommels with characteristic decoration, as seen in examples such as kantotachi (sword with a ring pommel) and kabutsuchi-no-tachi (sword with a pommel having a fist-like end).
- 翌3年(1134年)3月2日、廷臣の反対を排し、上皇の妃ながらに女御宣下を与え、同月19日、これまた異例中の異例として、皇后宮に冊立したのである。
- Despite the objections of court retainers, Taishi was given the title of Imperial Princess on April 5 of the following year, entitling her to be treated as almost equal to the Retired Emperor's Empress, and in an almost unprecedented turn of events, she became Kogogu (equivalent to Empress) on April 22.
- その後、文保2年(1318年)に同母弟の後醍醐天皇が即位すると、翌文保3年(1319年)3月に皇后(実際には天皇の后でない尊称皇后)に冊立される。
- After that, when her younger brother Emperor Godaigo was enthroned in 1318, she was given Sakuryu (Imperial investiture) as the Kogo, or the Empress (actually, a Sonsho Kogo, an Empress not being a wife of an Emperor) in March 1319.
- 承久の乱以後は、朝廷は独自の軍事力を失って、幕府に対して従属的な立場に立たされることになり、ときには幕府の命令で天皇が任免される事態にまで至った。
- After the Jokyu War, the Imperial Court lost its military power and was subordinated to the bakufu, and this sometimes resulted in a situation where the Emperor was appointed upon orders from the bakufu.
- もっとも、このような一連の現象は、逆に言えば、天皇という地位が制度的に安定し、他の勢力からその存立を脅かされる可能性が薄らいだことの反映でもある。
- However, this series of phenomena, oppositely reflecting the fact that the position of the Emperor was stabilized, and the possibility of the threat being abolished had been reduced.
- - 本来は玉のような形の見えない精霊(しょうれい)となって常世(かくりよ)に旅立つべきなのに、生前の人の姿で現世(うつしよ)に留まってしまうから.
- -Dead persons who remain in the actual world as an antemortem figure when they ought to have become a ball-shaped invisible soul and departed to heaven.
- 歴史的な伎楽面は、奈良の法隆寺(現在は東京国立博物館法隆寺宝物館に収蔵)、東大寺、正倉院、春日大社などに飛鳥時代および奈良時代の遺品が残っている。
- Historical gigaku-men masks made during the Asuka period and the Nara period are kept at Horyu-ji Temple (today housed at The Gallery of Horyu-ji Temple Treasures at The Tokyo National Museum) in Nara, Todai-ji Temple, Shoso-in, Kasuga-taisha Shrine, and other places.
- 征韓論をめぐって、強硬派の江藤新平・西郷隆盛・副島種臣・板垣退助・後藤象二郎の5人は大久保利通・岩倉具視らと対立し参議を辞任した(明治六年政変)。
- Colliding with Toshimichi OKUBO, Tomomi IWAKURA and their sympathizers over Seikanron (debate on subjugation of Korea), the 5 hardliners such as Shinpei ETO, Takamori SAIGO, Taneomi SOEJIMA, Taisuke ITAGAKI and Shojiro GOTO resigned from the post of Sangi (councilor) (Meiji roku-nen no Seihen (Political Upheaval of 1873)).
- それによると、この条約により各地の港が開かれ、役人や通訳などの直接外国人と交渉をする立場の人間を中心として、服装の西洋化が広まっていくことになる。
- According to this theory, westernized clothing style became widespread mainly among officers or interpreters who had negotiations with foreigners in person after ports throughout Japan were opened due to the treaty.
- 立太子の背景には、兄保明親王とその子慶頼王の二代にわたる東宮の夭折があり、母后穏子は怨霊を恐れて、幾重にも張られた几帳の中で寛明親王を育てたという。
- In the background how he became the crown prince was that the previous crown princes--his brother Prince Yasuakira and his son, Prince Yoshiyori--died young, thus the mother, Onshi, was afraid of bad spirits and looked after Prince Yutaakira within the layered Kicho (a partition of fabric used during the Heian period).
- 祭の当夜、天皇は廻立殿(かいりゅうでん)に渡御し、小忌御湯(おみのおゆ)で潔斎して斎服を着け、深夜、悠紀殿(千木は伊勢神宮外宮と同じ外削ぎ)に入る。
- The night of the day in which the festival is held, an emperor goes to the Kairyu-den building, taking Omi no oyu for purification, wearing Saifuku (priestly vestments), and after that, in the late-evening, goes into the Yuki-den building (the figure of Chigi [ornamental crossbeams on the gable of a Shinto shrine] is Sotosogi, or the ends of the former are terminated with a vertical cut, and is same as that of the Outer Shrine of Ise-jingu).
- 外交面においては新羅の朝鮮半島統一(676年)により新羅使の来朝を受け遣新羅使を派遣、新羅との国交保持のため新羅と対立していた唐との国交を断絶した。
- On the diplomatic front, they started accepting Shiragi-shi (envoy of Silla) and sending Kenshiragi-shi (Japanese envoy to Silla) because Shiragi unified the Korean Peninsula as one country in 676, and to secure the diplomatic relations with Shiragi they broke off diplomatic relations with Tang.
- また同書では当初から兄・天智天皇の皇太弟であると記されているが、弘文天皇の立太子の事実を否定し天皇の皇位継承を正当化する意図があるとする意見もある。
- The 'Nihonshoki' describes that he was the Kotaitei (the younger brother of an Emperor so is heir apparent) of his older brother the Emperor Tenchi to begin with; however, some say that the book tries to deny the fact that the Emperor Kobun actually was the investiture of the Crown Prince, and justifies his succession to the imperial throne.
- 成立当初の下限はおそらく称光天皇であったと見られるが、後世、書写・刊行の度に当時の天皇・皇族まで追補が行われて、写本や刊本の間でも内容に異同が多い。
- At first, the last Emperor described in it was Emperor Shoko, but every time it was copied and published, then Emperor and Imperial Families were added and there are many discrepancies between manuscripts and printed copies.
- 東京ではすし店の組合の有志が交渉に立ちあがり、1合の米と握りずし10個(巻きずしなら4本)を交換する委託加工として、正式に営業を認めさせたのである。
- In Tokyo, the sushi association members made negotiations with the government and won the right of doing business officially in the form of making ten pieces of nigiri-zushi (or four rolls of maki-zushi) in exchange for 180ml of rice.
- 広島県福山市の鞆の浦では、市の「鞆港埋立による架橋計画と町並み保存は一体」との考えから、埋め立て架橋計画の白紙化と共に町並み保存計画も白紙化された。
- In Tomonoura, Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture, the local authority cancelled a plan for building a bridge by reclaiming the Tono port as well as a townscape preservation plan since it considered that the bridge construction over the reclaimed port was inseparable from the preservation of the townscape.'
- しかし龍池会の重要なブレーンであったフェノロサは、狩野芳崖を通じて和洋折衷の新しい日本画の創出を目指すようになり、龍池会の内部での対立を生み出した。
- However, Fenollosa, who was the brain of the Ryuchikai, began to aim for the creation of new Japanese paintings in combination of Japanese and Western-styles by the help of Hogai KANO, which brought clashes inside of the Ryuchikai.
- 日露戦争における日本の勝利は、白色人種の大国に対する有色人種の小国の、また絶対主義国家に対する立憲君主国家の勝利であり、世界史上の意義も大きかった。
- Japan's winning the Russo-Japanese War was significant in the course of world history because it was a victory of a small colored country over a big white country as well as a triumph of a constitutional monarchy over a country under an absolutistic ruler.
- 蝋燭立ては筐体内で倒れないように常に自立可能なジャイロスコープと同様の仕組みをもつ自在に回転する留め金で固定されており、光が単一方向にのみ照射する。
- The candle holder does not fall in the chassis as it is fixed to one of two freely rotatable rings perpendicular to each other, which is a mechanism similar to that of a gyroscope which can always keep the direction of the axis of spin unchanged, so that the light comes out only in a single direction.
- 以後後一条天皇の即位まで約50年間弟の円融系との皇位迭立が続き、円融系を父方、冷泉系を母方とする曾孫の後三条天皇の即位で両皇統は融合される事となった。
- Subsequently, the Imperial Throne was shared with his brother (from the Enyu line) for about 50 years until Emperor Go-Ichijo succeeded to the throne; the Imperial line was brought together after the enthronement of Emperor Go-Sanjo, who was a great-grandchild from both lines, having his mother from the Reizei line and his father from the Enyu line.
- 当初、淳和天皇の皇子恒貞親王を皇太子に立てたが、承和9年(842年)の承和の変により、恒貞は廃せられ、代わりに仁明天皇の第一皇子道康親王が立太子した。
- Initially, a prince of Emperor Junna, Prince Tsunesada, was recommended to become the crown prince; however, after the Showa Incident (842) Prince Tsunesada was dethroned, so instead Emperor Nimmyo's first prince, Michiyasu, became the crown prince.
- これには後光厳天皇と崇光天皇の間に皇太子擁立の対立が有り、後光厳が室町幕府の管領である細川頼之の支持などを受け、後光厳天皇の皇子の緒仁親王が即位した。
- Emperor Gokogon and Emperor Suko opposed each other concerning the succession of the Crown Prince, since Emperor Gokogon had support from a shogunate deputy of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, his son, Imperial Prince Ohito became Crown Prince.
- 荘園制の普及にもかかわらず律令体制下の公領(国衙領)がなお根強く残されていたことから、鎌倉幕府の成立前後までは上皇がかなりの権力を振るう余地はあった。
- Since Koryo (Imperial demesne, or Kokugaryo) under the Ritsuryo system persistently continued even after the spread of the manorial system, there was room for Joko to use considerable power until the establishment of the Kamakura Bakufu.
- 特に後継者争いが生じやすい状況ではその後見人として、皇帝親政において、ある特定の妃を寵愛した場合にその親族が取り立てられ外戚が権勢を振るうことが多い。
- Especially in a state where a succession race was likely to occur and the emperor favors a specific concubine over others, her relatives were often raised as the guardian of successor candidates under the direct Imperial rule allowing them to have a great political influence.
- 日本においては、天皇に自分の娘を嫁がせ次の天皇に成る皇子を産ませ、その皇子を擁立し外祖父として一族の政治力を強化・維持する方法が古代より知られている。
- In Japan, the ancient method of making one's own daughter an emperor's bride was practiced, having her give birth to a prince that would be the next emperor, and supporting the prince as his maternal grandfather, thereby increasing and maintaining the political power of his relatives.
- 仙平は「ええ、おかっせえ」とたしなめ、助六に他の商品名の煎餅も言い立てて啖呵を切る、そこに門兵衛も加勢、二人が「そもそもうぬは何奴だエエ」と詰め寄る。
- Senbei says to Monbei 'It's killing me' in a cautioning tone, and starts a verbal attack on Sukeroku, also advertising the rice cracker brand Asagao Senbei, and together with Monbei demands Sukeroku identify himself.
- 多くの和菓子にいえることだが、隠し味として餡にごくわずかの塩を加えるか、ついたものを握るときに手を適度な塩水に浸してから握るとより一層甘味が引き立つ。
- Like other Japanese traditional sweets, an is seasoned with a very small amount of salt or mochi is shaped with a little salt water, since the salt is very effective in increasing the sweetness.
- 本格的な世襲親王家の嚆矢とされるのが、室町時代に成立した亀山天皇の皇子恒明親王を始祖とする常盤井宮と、後二条天皇の皇子邦良親王を始祖とする木寺宮である。
- The orthodox Seshu Shinnoke (the Hereditary Imperial family) was the Tokiwainomiya, which was established by Emperor Kameyama's Prince, Imperial Prince Tsuneaki during the Muromachi period, and Kideranomiya, which was founded by Emperor Gonijo's Prince, Imperial Prince Kuninaga (Kuniyoshi).
- 同月には時忠らによる憲仁立太子の陰謀が発覚したため、二条はただちに時忠・平教盛・藤原成親・藤原信隆らを解官して、後白河の政治介入を停止する措置をとった。
- In the same month, a plot to have Prince Norihito become Crown Prince was discovered, Emperor Nijo immediately took positions away from Tokitada, TAIRA no Norimori, FUJIWARA no Narichika, and FUJIWARA no Nobutaka to stop Emperor Goshirakawa's political involvement.
- 花園天皇の在位の間、鎌倉幕府と折衝し持明院統と大覚寺統から交互に天皇を出すと言う取り決めを行おうとした(文保の御和談)が失敗に終わる(両統迭立を参照)。
- During Emperor Hanazono's reign, he negotiated with the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a Shogun) and tried to establish an agreement to send a successor to the Imperial throne from either party, the Jimyo-in Imperial line or the Daikaku-ji Imperial line (Bunpo no go-wadan (negotiation for reconciliation)), however it was not realized. (Please refer to the Ryoto Tetsuritsu section.)
- しかし、藤原氏などを巻き込んだ政争によって異母弟である前皇太子他戸親王とその母であった皇后井上内親王が突如廃されて宝亀4年(773年)1月2日に立太子。
- However, Imperial Prince Osabe, the former crown prince and his half brother with the same father, and his mother, Imperial Princess Inoe, were gotten rid of due to the political fight, and the Emperor Kammu had a ceremony of the formal investiture of the Crown Prince on February 2, 773.
- 神功皇后や飯豊皇女を含め彼女らはすべて男系皇族である女性(男系女性天皇)であり、かつ既婚の場合は、即位に先立ち天皇の妻(皇后)で夫は故人だったものである。
- All the female Emperors including Empress Jingu and Iitoyo no himemiko (Princess Iitoyo) were female Imperial members of the male line in the Imperial Family (Female Emperors of the male line), when they were married, they were Emperor's Empresses before succession to the throne and the husbands (Emperors) previously passed away.
- その後、弘安三年(1280年)頃から後深草院方による後宇多退位と皇太子擁立の動きが強まり、ついに十年(1287年)十月、伏見天皇即位に伴い院政を開始した。
- The Gofukakusa-in started a movement for Emperor Gouda to abdicate and to appoint the newest Crown Prince since 1280, finally, when Emperor Fushimi succeeded to the throne in October 1287, Gofukakusa-in began his cloistered government.
- そしてその調整策の結果、中継ぎとしての後醍醐天皇の即位、そして皇位継承への幕府の関与に対する異議申し立てに発する討幕運動へと展開していく事になるのである。
- As a solution, Emperor Godaigo was appointed to temporarily succeed to the throne, and this caused adverse claims and started a movement to close down the bakufu in order to prevent their participation in the Imperial succession.
- 更に父親在世中に父を飛ばして子を皇位に立てる慣例が存在しないために、恒世を即位させるために大伴親王にも皇位継承を認めなければならない事態となったのである。
- Moreover, as there had been no practice where a child would become emperor ahead of his father while the father was alive, it was required to approve Imperial Prince Otomo as the heir to the imperial throne in order to have Tsuneyo ascend the throne.
- 白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させて院政を開始する事になった。
- In the following year, Emperor Shirakawa disregarded his father's will, making his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito (who later became Emperor Horikawa) an Imperial Prince; the same day, he abdicated the throne in favor of Imperial Prince Taruhito accordingly and Emperor Horikawa ascended to the throne, thus initiating the government by the Retired Emperor Shirakawa.
- 淳和上皇や恒貞親王は皇太子に立てられる事によって権力闘争に巻き込まれる事を憂慮して度々事辞退の申し入れをしたものの、嵯峨上皇や仁明天皇に慰留されてしまう。
- Although the Retired Emperor Junna and Imperial Prince Tsunesada refused to accept the position of Crown Prince many times, fearing to becoming involved in the power struggle, the Retired Emperor Saga and Emperor Ninmyo persuade them not to resign from the position of Crown Prince.
- 道長は翻意するよう(形式的に)説得するが敦明親王の意思は固く、結果として後一条天皇の皇太弟である敦良親王(のちの後朱雀天皇)が新たに東宮として立てられる。
- Although Michinaga persuaded Imperial Prince Atsuakira to change his mind (in form), his intention was resolute, and as a result, Imperial Prince Atsunaga (later Emperor Gosuzaku), younger brother of Emperor Goichijo, was named as the new Crown Prince.
- 吉野に逃れた大覚寺統の天皇(南朝)と、足利尊氏に擁立された持明院統の天皇(北朝)の対立時代=南北朝時代となる(以後の詳細は南朝の項目を併せて参照のこと)。
- The Emperor from Daikakuji-to (the Southern Court) escaped to Yoshino and Takauji ASHIKAGA backed up the Emperor from Jimyoin-to (the Northern Court), thus giving rise to a period of conflict known as the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (refer to the section on the Southern Court for additional details).
- 「はねはわが身にかかるとも、知らず立ったるうしろより、逸散に来る手負い猪。これはならぬと身をよぎる。駆け来る猪は一文字」の床の言葉どおり、猪が走ってくる。
- Inoshishi dashes out while the toko (musicians) narrate, 'はねはわが身にかかるとも、知らず立ったるうしろより、逸散に来る手負い猪。これはならぬと身をよぎる。駆け来る猪は一文字.'
- これによって平城の直系は皇位の可能性がなくなったものの、嵯峨は内外の批判を恐れて自分の実子を擁立する事に躊躇して弟の大伴親王(後の淳和天皇)を皇太弟とした。
- Due to this the direct Imperial line, Emperor Heizei lost the possibility to succeed to the throne, Emperor Saga was afraid of being criticized from both inside and outside the palace, he hesitated to appoint his own child to succeed to the throne, he appointed his younger brother, Imperial Prince Otomo (later called Emperor Junna) to become the second successor of the Crown Prince.
- 1392年、持明院統(北朝)と大覚寺統(南朝)の迭立再開が提案され、南朝の後亀山天皇が条件受諾したことにより、北朝の後小松天皇とともに南北朝合一が実現した。
- In 1392 after the suggestion to restart the sharing of the Imperial throne between the Jimyoin Imperial lineage (the Northern Court) and the Daikakuji Imperial lineage (the Southern Court), Emperor Gokameyama of the Southern Court accepted, and the unity of the Northern Court and the Southern Court was realized, together with Emperor Gokomatsu of the Northern Court.
- それによれば、かつて元明天皇は元正天皇に譲位したとき、天智天皇が「万世に長く改めない常の典として立てたまい敷きたまえる法」に従って、わが子に授けよと命じた。
- Accordingly, when Empress Genmyo abdicated the throne to Empress Gensho, Emperor Tenchi ordered the investiture based upon 'the lay which is also irreversible like the universe and deemed as the permanent code.'
- 他にも天鵞絨(ビロード)の襟や立髪や大髭、大額、鬢きり、茶筅髪、大きな刀や脇差、朱鞘、大鍔、大煙管などの異形・異様な風体が「かぶきたるさま」として流行した。
- Additionally, unusual and bizarre items and styles were in fashion called 'Kabuki-taru-sama'(an eccentric look) such as velvet collars, tategami hairdos (long hair with the center part left unshaved), big beards, obitai hairdos (widely shaved forehead with a little hair left on the temples), binkiri hairdos (hairdo with a lock of hair running down from the temples), chasen hairdos (a hairdo modeled after a tea whisk), large swords, and oversized short swords, red colored sheaths, big sword guards, and big pipes.
- 日本の皇位継承は、皇室始まって以来の男系の伝統をつないでいくか、女系を容認して旧来の皇統と決別し、新たな皇統を創設していくかの岐路に立っていると言えるだろう。
- Japanese Imperial succession, it is at the crossroads to end the old tradition and establish new Imperial lineage, whether to keep the traditional Imperial succession by the male Imperial line since the beginning of the Imperial family, or to accept succession from the female Imperial lineage.
- 寛平8年(896年)宇多天皇の時、自らが建立した東光寺の座主善祐と密通したという疑いをかけられ皇太后を廃されたが、没後の天慶6年(943年)に復位されている。
- She was under suspicion of having an affair with zasu (temple's head priest), Zenyu of Toko-ji Temple which she ordered to be built during Emperor Uda's era and she lost her position as Empress Dowager in 896, however she took back her position again in 943.
- 中級貴族であった経基の子源満仲(多田満仲)が藤原北家による摂関政治の確立に協力して中央における武門としての地位を築き、摂津国川辺郡多田の地に武士団を形成する。
- MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka (TADA no Manju), the son of Tsunemoto who was a middle-ranking noble, cooperated with the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan for the establishment of Sekkanseiji (regency), thereby gaining the status as the central samurai family and forming a samurai group in Tada, Kawabe District, Settsu Province.
- この説では天智天皇10年に大友皇子が立太子したとする森田の説によれば、不改常典は複数の内容を含むもので、その一部に皇位継承に関わり皇太子制を定めた箇所がある。
- MORITA's theory advocates that the investiture of Crown Prince Otomo falls on the 10th year of the enthronement of Emperor Tenchi, and according to this theory, Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten compiles plural contents, and a part of them touches on the succession of Imperial Throne with the specific description that institutes the Crown Prince system.
- それに対し、『安宅』が成立したと考えられる室町時代や作中の時代である鎌倉時代ではそれほど重い罪ではなく、また幕府による御家人の統制もそれほど厳しくはなかった。
- On the other hand, in the Muromachi Period when 'Ataka' was believed to be accomplished and in the Kamakura Period in the story, it was not so serious crime and the control of gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods)by bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was not so strict.
- 平安時代末期の12世紀は日本仏教絵画史のピークの1つで、東京国立博物館所蔵の普賢菩薩像をはじめ、金銀の箔や切金を多用した貴族的、耽美的な作品が数多く作られた。
- The twelfth century in the late Heian period saw the peak of the history of Japanese Buddhist paintings, and, starting with Fugen bosatsu zo (statue of Fugen bosatsu [Samantabhadra Bodhisattva]) owned by Tokyo National Museum, many aristocratic and aesthetic works were created.
- 食料など様々な物資不足はもとより、衣服も不足し闇市でも入手できない立場の大衆は、1948年から連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の放出衣料による古洋服の着用を始める。
- On top of shortages of basic commodities such as food, common people, who didn't have enough clothes even in the black market, started to wear old clothes released from the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers in 1948.
- 近衛は病弱で子もいなかったことから、仁平3年(1153年)関白・忠通が鳥羽法皇に孫王への譲位を奏請し、美福門院も崇徳の院政への危惧から孫王の擁立に傾いていった。
- Because Emperor Konoe was not well and had no children, the chancellor (chief advisor to the emperor), Tadamichi, asked the approval of the Cloistered Emperor Toba for Sonno (the grandson of the Emperor) to succeed the throne in 1153; Bifuku mon in also supported it, since she was concerned about Emperor Sutoku starting his cloister government.
- 『古事記』に「御陵は菅原の御立野(みたちの)の中にあり」、『日本書紀』に「菅原伏見陵(すがわらのふしみのみささぎ)」、『続日本紀』には「櫛見山陵」として見える。
- Kojiki states that the mausoleum was in 'Sugaware no Mitachino,' while 'Nihon Shoki' states that it was in 'Sugawara no Fushimino' and 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicles of Japan Continued) in 'Kushimi-yama' (Mt. Kushimi).
- また、長承3年(1134年)には、鳥羽天皇が譲位して上皇となったあとに入内させた妻である藤原泰子を、治天の正妻であることを明示する目的で皇后(皇后宮)に立てた。
- In addition, in 1134, FUJIWARA no Taishi, who entered into court (Imperial Consort) as the wife of Emperor Toba after he abdicated and retired, became empress ('Kisainomiya') in order to clarify that she is the legally wedded wife of Chiten (emperors or retired emperors).
- 今まで現人神とされ、写真も「御真影」等と呼ばれていた天皇が、しかも肩の力を抜いた姿の元帥の隣に直立不動の姿勢で、普通に新聞に写っていることは国民の衝撃を呼んだ。
- The photograph of the Emperor, who was considered as Arahitogami and his photographs were called 'Goshin-ei' (honorific name for the photograph of the Emperor) and so on, standing straight without moving next to the relaxed General, placed commonly in newspapers shocked the common people.
- ところが、1348年(貞和4年/正平3年)に元服すると光厳天皇の猶子として皇位継承権が与えられ、その年の10月27日に義兄にあたる崇光天皇の皇太子に立てられた。
- However, when he had the Genpuku ceremony (coming- of-age ceremony for a young man after the Nara period) in 1348, he was granted the right to the imperial throne as the adopted child of Emperor Kogen, and was enthroned as the prince of Emperor Suko (his brother in law) on October 27 in the same year.
- 「聖武天皇最愛の夫人が建立せられた盧遮那仏の霊場(東大寺のこと)が絶えようとしていることを惜しみ、俊乗坊重源が諸国を勧進(寄付をつのること)してまわっている。」
- Feeling a regret that the sacred ground of Vairocana (which means Todai-ji Temple), which Emperor Shomu's beloved wife established, is to be ruined, Chogen SHUNJOBO visits various regions for kanjin (collecting contribution).'
- 当時世界第一の大帝国で「栄光ある孤立」を貫いていたイギリスが初めて同盟を締結したということと、アジアの新興国家である日本が相手ということから世界の注目を受けた。
- This alliance attracted considerable attention worldwide because England, the greatest empire on earth at the time and had previously adhered to the principle of 'Splendid Isolation,' entered into an alliance for the very first time and also because the other party in question was Japan, an emerging country in Asia.
- 平安神宮前から御池通、烏丸通、今出川通、加茂街道、北山通、川端通を通り北上、国立京都国際会館前で折り返して白川通を南下、丸太町通を通り平安神宮前まで戻るルート。
- The route starts in front of Heian-jingu Shrine; proceeds along Oike-dori Street, Karasuma-dori Street, Imadegawa-dori Street, Kamo-kaido Road, and Kitayama-dori Street; goes north along Kawabata-dori Street into a turnaround point in front of the Kyoto International Conference Center; goes south along Shirakawa-dori Street; and follows Marutamachi-dori Street back to the front of Heian-jingu Shrine.
- 1958年「東京フォトスクール」を創立、1960年東京綜合写真専門学校と名称を変えて発展させ、自らの写真美学や批評精神を展開しつつ、写真家の育成に情熱を注いだ。
- Having established 'Tokyo Photo School' in 1958 and renamed it Tokyo College of Photography in 1960 for further development, he devoted himself to training photographers while he developed his own photographic aesthetics and critical spirit.
- もともと後白河と清盛は高倉天皇の擁立という点で利害が一致していただけで、平氏一門と院近臣の間には官位の昇進や知行国・荘園の獲得などを巡り、鋭い対立関係が存在した。
- Although Emperor Goshirakawa and Kiyomori had the same interest in having Emperor Takakura succeed to the throne, there were severe opposing views between the Taira clan and In Kinshin in terms of official government promotions or acquisition of an estate, a province, or a manor.
- つくる会など保守派について自慰史観または歴史修正主義とする立場から、神話と史実とを峻別せず、天皇や国家へ無批判であるとして「皇国史観の復活」だと批判する声もある。
- The conservative group, like the creative group, did not separate mythology and historical fact, as they believed in the concept of self-consolation and the principle to amend the history, some people said it is 'the revival of the Kokokushikan' since there was no criticism of the Emperor and the nation.
- 1180年代の治承・寿永の乱の結果、東国に鎌倉幕府が成立し、独自の支配権を獲得していたが、治天として専制を指向する後鳥羽には、幕府の存在が我慢ならないものだった。
- In 1180 as the result of the Jisho, Juei War, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by shogun) was established in the eastern province and had their own right to rule the government, however Gotoba who had the absolute power to direct a despotic government as Chiten, he could not stand the existence of the bakufu.
- また、法制面でも国政国務の問題を扱う大日本帝国憲法及びこれに基づいて制定された諸法令と、宮中の問題を扱う旧皇室典範及びその下の様々な皇室令とが対等に分立していた。
- Additionally, from the legal aspect of these institutes, the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, which handled the national administration and affairs, as well as various laws and ordinances established based on the Constitution equally coexisted with the former Imperial Household Law, which handled the Court affairs, and various Koshitsu-rei (the Imperial Household's Orders) under the Law.
- これも上東門院の意向であったが、尊仁親王とその生母禎子内親王は先帝後朱雀天皇の時代から頼通らと対立しており、馨子内親王の入内もその溝を埋めることはかなわなかった。
- This was also the idea of Jotomonin, but Crown Prince Takahito and his birth mother, Imperial Princess Teishi were in conflict since the period of the former emperor, Gosuzaku, and even the entry of Imperial Princess Keishi into the court couldn't fill the gap between them.
- しかし、光明皇后が磐之媛の例を先例として皇后に冊立されてから、このような制約はなくなり、むしろ皇族よりも藤原氏のほうが皇后の出身氏族として尊重されるようになった。
- However, since Empress Komyo became empress by imperial investiture, following Iwanohimenomikoto as a precedented example, these became unrestricted and rather, the Fujiwara clan became more respected than the Imperial Family as the origin of the empress' clan.
- こうした甲乙の区別は、上代においては母音がアイウエオの5音の他にイエオのみ甲乙の2種類に分かれ、8母音であったことから生じたという音韻による区別の説が立てられた。
- A theory has been developed about this distinction between A-type and B-type, saying the distinction stemed from sounds; in ancient times, there were eight vowels, which were five vowels of アイウエオ (a, i, u, e, o) with each of イエオ (i, e, o) having two types, A-type and B-type.
- 「力弥、力弥、由良之助は」「未だ参上仕りませぬ」「存命に対面せで、無念なと伝えよ。方々いざ、ご検分くだされ」と遂に短刀を腹に突き立てたときに由良之助が駆けつける。
- Yuranosuke arrives when Hangan thrusts a short sword into his belly while saying, 'Rikiya, Rikiya, where is Yuranosuke,' 'he is not here yet,' 'tell him that I am sorry that I could not see him while I was still alive. Everyone, please have a good look at how I end my life.'
- (野丁場ともいう、造成地や埋立地など町の形成される前の場所や町という単位からはずれる、または超える規模の仕事の場所、検地(野帳簿ない)の出来ていない土地をさす。)
- (The term nochoba [also written as '野丁場'] means the areas where the future towns will be built, such as developed lands or reclaimed lands, or the work sites where its size cannot be categorized or over-categorized as a town, or the properties not registered based on land survey (or without registration).)
- 古典の妖怪絵巻『百鬼夜行絵巻』に描かれた妖怪の一つに、手足の生えた布状のものがあるが、民俗学者・小松和彦はこれを一反木綿のルーツにあたるものとの仮説を立てている。
- In 'Hyakki Yagyo Emaki,' which is a classical picture scroll of a variety of ghosts, a cloth-like ghost having two arms and two legs was illustrated, and folklorist Kazuhiko KOMATSU put forward the hypothesis that this ghost was the origin of Ittan-momen.
- 同時に大覚寺統側からその政治的立場に疑いを持たれるに至り、「関東申次」職を背景に朝廷内で隠然たる力を振るっていた西園寺家はその政治的求心力を大きく損なう事になった。
- At the same time, his political position was questioned by the Daikakuji Imperial line, the Saionji family, who had the position of 'Kanto Moshitsugi' and had strong political power in the Imperial Palace, ended up dramatically losing their unifying political force.
- 最終的に後陽成天皇はこれを受け入れたものの、結果的には自己の希望に反して家康の意向によって立てられた政仁親王に対しても良仁親王と同様に冷淡な態度を取るようになった。
- Finally, Emperor Goyozei agreed to this; however, he treated Imperial Prince Kotohito coldly the same way he had Imperial Prince Katahito, since it was not the Emperor's intention but Ieyasu's to let Imperial Prince Kotohito succeed to the throne.
- そして以後の皇位が持明院統だけで継承されたため、大覚寺統の子孫は不満を抱き、南朝の遺臣が宮中の神器を奪取して立てこもるなどの抵抗を15世紀半ばまで続けた(後南朝)。
- Subsequently, succession to the Imperial Throne was kept only from the Jimyoin-to side, and the ancestors of Daikakuji-to complained about this; on one occasion a surviving retainer from Nancho (the Southern Court) stole the holy durables from the palace and barricaded himself, and incidents of this sort continued to occur until the mid-fifteenth century (Second Southern Court).
- 二条の即位により、後白河院政派と二条親政派の対立が始まり、後白河院政派内部でも信西と藤原信頼の間に反目が生じるなど、朝廷内は三つ巴の対立の様相を見せるようになった。
- After Emperor Nijo's enthronement, opposition between the Goshirakawa in forces and the Nijo directly ruled government forces began, also, there antagonism grew between Shinzei and FUJIWARA no Nobuyori within the Goshirakawa in forces, so, three forces opposed each other inside the Imperial Palace.
- しかしながら調査の許可を求める考古学界の要望もあり、近年は地元自治体などとの合同調査を認めたり、修復のための調査に一部研究者の立ち入りを認めるケースも出てきている。
- However, due to archaeologists' repeated requests for permission to conduct surveys on these mausoleums, researchers are often allowed to enter mausoleums in recent years to conduct joint research with local communities or to participate in repair surveys.
- 音楽については『どん底 (1957年の映画)』から『赤ひげ』までコンビを組んできた佐藤勝が黒澤と対立して降板、武満徹の推薦で急遽池辺晋一郎が起用されることになった。
- As Masaru SATO, who had produced the music for 'Donzoko' (the Lower Depths, 1957) and 'Akahige' (Red Beard), clashed with Kurosawa and left the movie, Shinichiro IKEBE was used in place of him at the recommendation of Toru TAKEMITSU.
- その店に毎日やってきては酒を飲むが顔色の変わらない不思議な客(前シテ)がおり、その素性を高風がたずねたところ、自分は海中に住む猩々であると告げて立去った(中入り)。
- There was a strange customer ('shite' or the leading role) who came to his pub every day and drank in a very cool manner, so one day Kofu asked him about his name, then the customer answered that he was Shojo living under water; and the customer left (the disappearance of the leading role from the stage is called 'naka-iri', and the leading role before the naka-iri is called 'mae-jite', after the naka-iri is called 'nochi-jite').
- しかし、堺相論などが盛んになると、それは領民と土地の一元支配を名目として支配地域拡大を図る居住地側領主と耕作者の取り込みを図る耕作地側領主による対立の一因となった。
- However, as conflicts over the territory intensified, koso became a cause of conflicts between the lords of the lands where farmers lived and where the farmers worked, because the former intended to expand their territory by ruling unitarily over the inhabitants and the lands but the latter aimed to invite more farmers into their territory to work.
- その初例は、寛治5年(1091年)に堀河天皇の准母となったてい子内親王であるが、彼女が同時に皇后とされたことから、天皇の妻ではない女性が皇后に立てられる例が開かれた。
- The first example of such is Imperial Princess Teishi who became 'Junbo' for Emperor Horikawa in 1091 but since she became the empress at the same time, women who were not wives of the Emperor started to be represented as empress.
- これらの組み紐は熟練の職人による一点ものの手工芸品だったが、1882年ドイツのバーメンから、工業用の組み紐製造機が輸入され、組み紐業が産業として成立するようになった。
- These braided cord products had been one-of-a-kind handicrafts created by master craftsmen, but a braided cord machine for industrial use was imported from Barmen, Germany in 1882, making braided cord manufacturing an industry.
- その後、7月、第2次桂内閣が韓国併合を閣議決定、10月26日、伊藤はロシア帝国との会談を行うため渡満し、ハルピンに到着した際、大韓帝国の独立運動家安重根に暗殺された。
- Later, in July, the second administration of the Katsura Cabinet approved the annexation of Korea and when Ito arrived in Harbin on October 26 during his visit to Manchuria for a talk with the Russian Empire, he was assassinated by Ahn Jung-geun who was an activist for the independence of the Korean Empire.
- 文徳天皇の頃から藤原北家が天皇の外戚として摂政・関白につく摂関政治がある程度形成されていたが、醍醐の子である朱雀天皇・村上天皇兄弟の頃に、摂関政治が確立することとなる。
- Since the era of Emperor Montoku, the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan became Regent and Chancellor as the Emperor's maternal relatives and the regency government was partly established, during the era of Emperor Daigo's child, brothers of the Emperor Suzaku and Emperor Murakami, this government was fully established.
- 殊に鳥羽院の愛児、近衛天皇が夭折してしまって以後は、美福門院や忠通の讒言によって忠実・頼長父子は院から疎遠されて行ったが、泰子はその間に立って重要な緩和作用を果たした。
- Due to Bifukumonin and Tadamichi's slander, Tadazane and his son Yorinaga were kept away from the Palace of the retired Emperor after the premature death of Emperor Konoe (the beloved son of retired Emperor Toba); however, Taishi fulfilled an important role in easing the relationship between them.
- 旧皇室典範の制定後、明治33年(1900年)には賀陽宮、明治36年(1903年)には東伏見宮、明治39年(1906年)には竹田宮、朝香宮、東久邇宮の3宮家が設立された。
- After the issue of the former Imperial Family (Household) Law, Kayanomiya was established in 1900, Higashifushiminomiya was established in 1903, followed by three Miyake, Takedanomiya, Asakanomiya, and Higashikuninomiya established (1906).
- 延暦15年(796年)2月15日、斎宮で斎王解任のための奉幣使が立てられ、3月15日には平安京から朝原内親王の帰京を求める奉迎使左少弁兼左兵衛佐橘朝臣入居が派遣された。
- On April 1, 796, an Imperial messenger arrived at the Shinto shrine in Itsukinomiya to give Itsukinomiko some time off from her position, there were other Imperial messengers, Sashoben and Sahyoenosuke, TACHIBANA no Asomi Irii, who were sent from Heijokyo (the ancient capital of Heijo), to have Itsukinomiko return to Kyoto on April 30.
- 承和9年(842年)、承和の変で皇太子恒貞親王が廃されると、変の解決に功のあった伯父藤原良房にも推され代わりに立太子し、嘉祥3年(850年)、仁明天皇の崩御に伴い即位。
- After Prince Tsunesada was removed from the position of Crown Prince in the Showa Incident of 842, instead the Emperor Montoku succeeded to the throne after Emperor Nimmyo died (850), with the recommendation of his uncle, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa, who had contributed to the resolution of the incident.
- 狭穂姫命(さほひめのみこと、生年不詳 - 垂仁天皇5年(紀元前24年)10月没)とは、記紀に伝えられる垂仁天皇の最初の皇后(垂仁天皇2年(紀元前28年)2月9日立后)。
- Empress Sahohime no mikoto (year of birth unknown - November, 25 B.C.) was the first wife of Emperor Suinin (she became Empress on March 29, 28 B.C.), and she is mentioned in the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan).
- しかし、実際にどのような経緯があったかについては、依拠しうる史料が、後代に「万世一系」史観の立場で書かれた『日本書紀』などに限られているため、前述の各説には異論もある。
- However, as for the actual circumstances that occurred back then, the historical records are limited to those with a 'bansei ikkei' history view in later generations, like in the 'Nihonshoki' and so on, so there are also objections to the theories mentioned above.
- 『平家物語』『源平盛衰記』の「経正都落」条に、平経正が都落ちの際仁和寺に立ち寄り、先代覚性法親王より拝領の琵琶『青山』を返上した折、別れを惜しみ歌を交わした記事が残る。
- In the chapter of 'Tsunemasa Miyakoochi' (the rustication of Taira no Tsunemasa) in 'Heike monogatari' (The Tale of the Heike) and 'Genpei Josui ki' (the history of flux and reflux of Genji and Heishi), there is a story that TAIRA no Tsunemasa dropped in at Ninna-ji Temple when he rusticated Kyoto and returned the biwa (Japanese lute) 'Aoyama' given by the precedent chief priest, priest Imperial Prince Kakusho, Tsunemasa and monk-Imperial Prince Shukaku exchanged waka poems feeling the sorrow of parting.
- 南朝は、上皇ら拉致により北朝・幕府側を回復不能の窮状へ追い込み、圧倒的な優位に立ったはずだったが、広義門院の政務受諾によりその優位性をほぼ完全に失ってしまったのである。
- The Southern Court, which was supposed to have an overwhelming superiority driving the force of the Northern Court and Bakufu into a corner by abducting of the Retired Emperors or others; they lost their superiority almost as soon as Kogimonin accepted to take government practices.
- 御師は数名ずつのグループに分かれて各地に散らばり、農村部でカレンダーを配ったり、豊作祈願を行ったりして、その年に収穫された米を初穂料として受け取る事で生計を立てていた。
- Onshi were divided into groups of several people, were scattered around the country, and made a living by receiving rice harvested in the year as hatsuho ryo (ceremony fee) in return for distributing calendars and praying for a good harvest in rural areas.
- また、成立の経緯からして相撲文化と直結している料理であり、このため両国 (墨田区)界隈の他、地方場所の開催がある大都市、名古屋、大阪、福岡などにはちゃんこ料理店が多い。
- In light of the background of the establishment, the dish is directly connected to sumo culture and, therefore there are many chanko restaurants around Ryogoku (Sumida Ward), and in big cities such as Nagoya, Osaka and Fukuoka where regional tournaments are held.
- 熾仁親王の薨去後、大山巌・山県有朋・西郷従道などが親王の銅像を建立することを提唱し、陸海軍人や一般から資金を募り東京・三宅坂の参謀本部の正門前に親王の騎馬像が建立された。
- After Imperial Prince taruhito passed away, Iwao Oyama, Aritomo YAMAGATA and Tsugumichi SAIGO suggested to build a statue of him, they collected the donations from soldiers, sailors, and ordinary people, the Prince's statue on horseback was built in front of the main gate of the staff office in Miyakezaka, Tokyo.
- 江戸時代の儒学者・頼山陽は、天皇が恒貞親王が度々皇太子を辞退した際には受け付けず、事件にかこつけてこれを廃して自分の実子を立てたことを厳しく非難している(『日本政記』)。
- Sanyo RAI, who was a Confucianist (a Confucian scholar of the Edo period), criticized Emperor Nimmyo for not accepting Prince Tsunesada's previous frequent resignations from the position of Crown Prince, but he removed the prince and let his own son be enthroned as the crown prince when the incident occurred ('Nihon Seiki').
- しかし、その栄光も長くは続かず、正慶2年(1333年)には後醍醐側勢力が巻き返すと鎌倉幕府はあえなく滅亡し、後伏見上皇と光厳天皇もまた後醍醐天皇によってすぐに廃立された。
- That glory didn't last long, the Kamakura bakufu collapsed after the force of Emperor Godaigo made a comeback in 1333, soon after this, the throne of the Retired Emperor Gofushimi and Emperor Kogon was abolished by Emperor Godaigo.
- 源義経主従が奥州に落ちる途中、安宅の関で関守にとめられ、弁慶がいつわりの勧進帳(寺院などの建立にあたって寄進を集めるための公認の趣意書)を読んでその場を逃れた逸話を描く。
- It depicts an anecdote that MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune and his servants were stopped at the Ataka barrier station by a barrier keeper on the way they fled to the Oshu area, and Benkei read out a false kanjincho (a prospectus to gather donation for establishing a temple), which led them to get away from the situation.
- そして、『東海道中』シリーズは、文化6年(1809年)の第8編(大阪見物)で一段落したが、文化11年(1814年)に、旅立ちの発端(はじまり)の編が、追いかけて出された。
- The 'Tokaidochu' series ended in 1809 with the eighth volume (Sightseeing in Osaka), but there was a follow-up publication in 1814 of a volume on the inception of the trip.
- これは「観光圏の整備による観光旅客の来訪及び滞在の促進に関する法律(平成20年5月23日法律第39号)」に基づくものであり、政府の立場からは国土交通省が音頭を取っている。
- This is based on 'Act on Promotion of Tourists' Visit and Stay Through Development of Tourism Areas (Act No. 39 of May 23, 2008),' and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism takes the initiative from the standpoint of the government.
- 端役のなかにまれ見られる女の道化役(『仮名手本忠臣蔵』の下女りん、『妹背山婦女庭訓』の豆腐買など)は、女形ではなく、道外方(およびそれを吸収した現在の立役)の職掌である。
- It is not onnagata but dokekata (a clown) (and present tachiyaku [a leading male-role actor] that absorbed dokekata is also included) that take charge of the female clown roles (example; maid servant, rin of 'Kanadehon Chushingura' [The Treasury of Loyal Retainers], tofu buyer of 'Imose-yama Onna Teikin'), which are rare roles of hayaku (unimportant role).
- 後嵯峨の父は、父の後鳥羽に疎んじられて承久の乱の際も中立を守った土御門天皇であるが、このことが幕府の賛意を得ることになり、事実上、後嵯峨の皇位継承は幕府が決定したと言える。
- Emperor Gosaga's father, Emperor Tsuchimikado, was treated coldly by his own father, Emperor Gotoba, took a neutral position at the Jokyu Disturbance, it made a good impression on the Kamakura bakufu and practically all the bakufu approved Emperor Gosaga's Imperial succession to the throne.
- 鳥羽院は白河院によって関白を罷免され逼塞していた忠実を起用し、その娘藤原泰子(高陽院)を皇后に立てたばかりでなく、待賢門院に代わって藤原得子(美福門院)を寵愛したのである。
- The Toba in promoted Tadazane who lost his position of the Chancellor and fell into obscurity by Shirakawa in, the Emperor not only appointed his daughter FUJIWARA no Taishi (Kayanoin) to an Empress, but also loved FUJIWARA no Tokushi (Bifukumonin) most, instead of Taikenmonin.
- このことにより冷泉・円融両系の迭立に終止符が打たれ、皇位は永く円融天皇の直系に帰したが、三条天皇の血統もまた皇女禎子内親王を通じて以後の天皇家へ受け継がれていくことになる。
- Consequently, Emperor Reizei and Emperor Enyu would no longer share the Imperial Throne; thus the throne was kept with Emperor Enyu's direct descendant for a long time, as Emperor Sanjo's blood line was carried over to the next generation of the Imperial Family through Princess Teishi.
- 平群真鳥(へぐりのまとり)を大臣に、大伴室屋(おおとものむろや)・物部目(もののべのめ)を大連(おおむらじ)に任じて、軍事力で専制王権を確立した大泊瀬幼武大王(雄略天皇)。
- By appointing HEGURI no Matori as an Oomi, and OTOMO no Muroya and MONONOBE no Me as Omuraji (Oomi and Omuraji are high ranking titles), Ohatsuse no Wakatakeru no Okimi (the Emperor Yuryaku) established a tyrannical government with military power.
- 尾畑喜一郎は佐那造が古代の水銀採掘に携わった人々であるとし、気化した水銀を長時間呼吸することによって喉の病を患い、その職業病が誉津別命と曙立王の伝承を結びつけたとしている。
- Kiichiro OBATA argues that, in ancient times, Sana no miyatsuko was the family in charge of mining mercury in this area, and vaporized mercury caused throat disorders among the people due to long-time aspiration of the material; and this job-related disease, as a result, came to connect the legendary Homutsuwake no mikoto with the tale of their ancestor Aketatsu no o.
- 朝鮮半島独立後は、英語で天皇を意味する「Emperor」の訳語を踏襲せず「日本国王」(日王)という称号を用いてこれに倣い「皇室」を「王室」、「皇太子」を「王世子」と呼んだ。
- After the independence of Korean Peninsula, the translation 'Emperor' meaning Emperor in English was not inherited, but the title 'Nihon Kokuo' (Nichio) was used, and following that, 'Koshitsu' (Imperial family) was called 'Oshitsu' (King's family), and 'Kotaishi' (Crown Prince) was called 'Oseishi' (heir of King).
- 皇位継承とする説としては他に、特に正妻から生まれた子に伝えるという嫡系皇位継承法説、譲位によって皇位を伝えるという譲位法説、皇太子を立てて継承させるという皇太子制説がある。
- Among the other imperial succession theories, the theory of lineal descendent hereditary imperial succession law theory, in which the throne is exclusively ascended to the son born from the legal wife, that of the throne abdication law, which establishes the succession of the throne by abdication, and the crown prince theory, in which the succession is undertaken by pointing the crown prince, can be found.
- ついで元明は王臣・百官人の輔佐で食国天下の政事を行いたいとしてから、「天地と共に長く改めない常の典と立て賜える食国の法も、傾くことなく動くことなく渡り去るように」と述べた。
- In continuation, Genmei expresses his intention to undertake the governance of the nation (Osukuni amenoshita no matsurikoto) counting on the assistance of her grand ministers and hundreds of officials and states 'to hand down the reign by securing the lay of the nation's governance, which is also irreversible like the universe and deemed as the permanent code, without decline nor oscillation.'
- 事実、源氏に生まれたものの頼朝の政治的な思惑により生まれ、確立さされていった源氏嫡流の地位は、最終的には徳川将軍家が天下を平定するにあたり、政治的に利用されることとなった。
- In fact, the status as the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan, which was created out of political consideration by Yoritomo who was born into the Minamoto family, and became established, was used politically in the end by the Tokugawa shogun family in order to conquer the country.
- 江戸時代も中頃になると、品種改良や農業技術の進歩により、農家の中に現金収入を得られるものが増え、新たな知識や見聞、物品を求めて旅をしようと思い立つものが現れるようになった。
- In the middle of the Edo period, the variety of improvement and development of agricultural technologies led to an increase in the number of peasants who earned cash and gave rise to those who decided to go on a journey in search of new knowledge, experience, and products.
- なお相撲部屋においては常食となっているため、中に入っている具も取り立てて、これが入ってなければならないというものはないが、タンパク質摂取のため肉や魚が具の中心となっている。
- Although there is no rule for ingredients, meat and fish are mostly used for the chankonabe to take protein because it is a regular diet in sumo stables.
- 『古事記』によると、唖の誉津別命が出雲国に赴くさい、そのお供をするべき人物として占いに当たったので、曙立王がうけいをすると、一度死んだサギが蘇り、また一度枯れた樹木が蘇った。
- According to the Kojiki, when Homutsuwake no mikoto, who had speech impairment, left for Izumo Province for his new appointment, a divination recommended that he should take Aketatsu no o as an attendant, and when Aketatsu no o practiced ukei (pledge), a dead egret resuscitated and a dead tree recovered.
- 今日の文学は世の好尚のために書く文学と云つて島田氏は嘆かれ、今の文学者に一機軸を出すものが無いとて福沢翁は呟かれ、其他の人は今日の文学を拝金主義の下に立つものと評されました。
- Mr. SHIMADA said sadly that literature today had been written for the public taste, the revered old Mr. FUKUZAWA sighed that no person of letters now had been able to produce new ideas and thoughts, and other people criticized that literature today was based on mammonism.
- 後醍醐は両統迭立状態を解消し、自身の系統に皇統を再度統一したと考えていたが、その後、後醍醐の新政へ多くの離反が相次ぎ、離反勢力からなる足利幕府は持明院統から光明天皇を擁立した。
- The Emperor had the intention to solve the current problem of conducting Ryoto Tetsuritsu and re-unifying the Imperial line to his lineage, however there were many disputes against the Emperor's new government, the Ashikaga shogunate who was in opposition to the Emperor appointed Emperor Komyo from the Jimyoin Imperial line.
- 遺詔で末子であり当時3歳の常盤井宮恒明親王の立太子の意思を示し、親王の伯父である左大臣西園寺公衡が実現工作に動いたために、後宇多上皇の強い反発を招き大覚寺統内部に混乱を招いた。
- He left his will for his youngest child, Tokiwai no Miya Imperial Prince Tsuneaki, who was three years old at that time, to become Crown Prince, the Prince's uncle, the Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), Kinhira SAIONJI tried to make it happen, the Retired Emperor Gouda opposed to this strongly and this caused confusion within the Daikaku-ji Imperial line.
- 嵯峨上皇の崩後も太皇太后として隠然たる勢力を有し、橘氏の子弟のために大学別曹学館院を設立するなど勢威を誇り、仁明天皇の地位を安定させるために承和の変にも深く関わったといわれる。
- She had absolute power as a grand empress after the Retired Emperor Saga died, she wielded her influence and established Daigaku besso Gakkan in (accommodation facility built near the University or college by the influential court nobles for their children in the Heian period) for the Tachibana clan, and was deeply involved in the Showa Incident to secure the position for Emperor Ninmyo.
- 源満仲を祭神とする兵庫県川西市多田院にある多田神社では1939年5月、清和源氏一門として崇神崇祖、日本の産業と文化発展、一門の相互親和を図る目的で「清和源氏同族会」を設立した。
- In May 1939, Tada-jinja Shrine, located in Tadain, Kawanishi City, Hyogo Prefecture and enshrining MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka, established 'Seiwa-Genji Dozokukai' (Seiwa-Genji family council) to worship the deity and ancestors as the family of Seiwa-Genji, and for the development of industries and cultures in Japan, and mutual friendship among the family.
- 根付(ねつけ、ねづけ)とは、江戸時代に煙草入れ、矢立、印籠、小型の革製鞄(お金、食べ物、筆記用具、薬、煙草など小間物を入れた)などを紐で帯から吊るし持ち歩くときに用いた留め具。
- Netsuke (also called 'nezuke') is an attachment used in the Edo period when people carried tobacco pouches, yatate (brush holder), inro (a tiny box which contains medicine or one's seal and a small red ink pad) and leather bags (pouches for accessories including money, foods, writing utensils, medicines and tobaccos) by suspending from the obi sash by a cord.
- クリスマス期にはクリスマス市(フランス語:マルシェ・デュ・ノエル Marché du Noël)として町の中心広場などに木組みの仮設屋台が多く立ち、食べ物や小物などが売られる。
- During Christmas season, a Christmas market (in French, 'Marché du Noël'), many street stalls are constructed from wood, built in the central plaza of a town to sell food and small articles (items).
- 後嵯峨の子には、後深草天皇・亀山天皇の兄弟がいたが、互いに後嵯峨後継の治天の君の座を争い、その妥結として、両者の直系子孫が交互に皇位・治天位につく両統迭立が行われることとなった。
- Emperor Gosaga's children, the brothers of Emperor Gofukakusa, Emperor Kameyama, both fought against each for the position of Chiten no kimi as his father's successor, they came to an agreement to conduct Ryoto Tetsuritsu (sharing the Imperial throne from both Imperial lines) that the direct descendants of the each Imperial line would take turns to sharing the Imperial throne.
- 後白河法皇と清盛との対立も高倉天皇を悩ませた、治承3年(1179年)11月、近衛家の所領継承問題に不満を持った清盛がクーデターを断行して法皇を幽閉してしまった(治承三年の政変)。
- It was a headache for Emperor Takakura that Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa and Kiyomori opposed each other, there was an incident where Kiyomori had complained about the issue of land succession for the Konoe family in November 1179, he carried out a coup and confined the Emperor (The coup of Jisho san nen).
- 明治10年(1877年)の西南戦争では鹿児島県逆徒征討総督に就任し、維新に際して共に国事を語らい、東征に際して共に官軍を指揮した西郷隆盛と、敵将として対峙する皮肉な立場に立った。
- He became the Governor-General in charge of suppressing the opposition at Kagoshima Prefecture in the Seinan War during 1877, ironically he opposed Takamori SAIGO who he used to discuss national affairs with during the Meiji Restoration, or command the national army together at the expedition to the east.
- 即位後は関白藤原頼通が養女藤原嫄子を入内させて中宮に立てたのを始め、その弟藤原教通が娘生子を、同じく藤原頼宗が娘延子を相次いで入内させたが、いずれも皇子を出産することはなかった。
- After his enthronement, the chancellor (chief advisor to the Emperor), FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, organized his adopted daughter, FUJIWARA no Genshi, an imperial consort's bridal entry into the court as a second consort of the Emperor; also, Yorimichi's brother FUJIWARA no Norimichi organized the same for his daughter Seishi, and FUJIWARA no Yorimune did the same for his daughter Enshi, all of which was done in quick succession, but none of them had an opportunity to have a prince.
- 日本は、明治15年(1882年)の壬午軍乱、明治17年(1884年)の甲申事変を契機に朝鮮を巡り、清と対立し、甲午農民戦争を契機に、明治27年(1894年)に日清戦争が勃発した。
- The subsequent Imo Incident in 1882 and the Gapsin Coup in 1884 triggered hostility over Korea between Japan and China and, touched off by the subsequent Donghak Peasant Revolution, began the Sino-Japanese War in 1894.
- 8月仁和寺から戻った孫王は、9月親王宣下を蒙り「守仁」と命名され即日立太子、12月に元服、翌年3月には美福門院の皇女・しゅ子内親王を妃に迎えるなど、美福門院の全面的な支援を受けた。
- Sonno returned from Ninna-ji Temple in August, whereupon he was ordered to become the crown prince and adopt the name 'Morihito' in September; he then had a coming-of-age ceremony in December and in March of the following year, he married Princess Shushi, as a result of which he had the complete support of Princess Shushi's father, Bifuku mon in.
- 『平家物語』は多子の入内を二条の独断とするが、後見の美福門院や側近の経宗・惟方がこのような重大問題に関与しなかったとは考えにくく、二条の立場を固めるための政略的な婚姻と推測される。
- It is said in 'The Tale of the Heike,' Tashi was allowed to make her bridal entry to the court as the Emperor's court lady due to the Emperor's own authority; however, it is hard to think his guardian, Bifuku mon in, and his close aides Tsunemune and Korekata did not get involved in making decisions on such an important issue, so it is presumed that this was an arranged engagement for the Emperor to be in a better political position.
- この時尊仁親王の異母兄後冷泉天皇はまだ若く、しかも尊仁親王とその母禎子内親王は関白藤原頼通と対立していたこともあって、はかばかしい後見のない皇太子に娘を入内させる公卿はいなかった。
- On this occasion, under the circumstances of Imperial Prince Takahito's older paternal half-brother, Emperor Goreizei being still young, and the conflict between Imperial Prince and his mother, Imperial Princess Teishi and Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, there were no other court nobles who would wish to send their daughters to the palace.
- ガスを灯火として用いた最古の記録としては、安政の大地震以前に南部藩の医師であった島立甫が、亀戸の自宅においてコールタールから発生させたガスを灯火として燃焼させたことが記されている。
- One of the earliest document on the use of gas for lighting gives the following account: Ryuho SHIMA, physician in Nanbu Domain, burned gas produced from coal tar to obtain lighting in his house in Kameido before the Ansei Great Earthquake.
- 更に1697年には母・松木宗子(敬法門院)の信任の厚かった議奏中御門基熙の更迭問題を巡って両親と対立して中御門の普段からの天皇軽視の言動に不快感を抱いていた近衛基熙との関係を強めた。
- Furthermore in 1697, he nurtured a strong relationship with Motohiro KONOE, who opposed his parents in relation to Giso (close aides to the Emperor), Motohiro NAKAMIKADO's reshuffle issue, while Motohiro had absolute trust from Konoe's mother, Muneko MATSUNOKI (Keihomonin) and was frustrated with NAKAMIKADO's attitude to previously look down upon the Emperor.
- ただし、陽成天皇の暴君説は退位時の年齢が17歳(満15歳)であり疑問点も多く、天皇を廃位し、自身の意向に沿う光孝天皇・宇多天皇帝を擁立した基経の罪を抹消するための作為だともいわれる。
- Although Emperor Yozei is infamous for his bad behavior, it is questioned whether the story could be true, since he was only 17 years old at the time of his abdication; it could have been Mototsune's attempt to cover up his accusation in order to remove Emperor Yozei from his position and set up his favorites (the future emperors Koko and Uda) to succeed the throne.
- 後白河法皇の死後は自ら親政及び院政を行ったが、治天の君として土御門天皇を退かせて寵愛する順徳天皇を立てその子孫に皇位継承させた事には貴族社会からは勿論、他の親王達からの不満を買った。
- After the Cloistered Emperor Go-Shirakawa died, Go-Toba-in, as a Chiten no kimi, ruled the government directly or started a cloister government, whereupon he forced Emperor Tsuchimikado to abdicate from the throne and let his favorite (the future Emperor Juntoku) assume the throne, followed by Emperor Juntoku's descendants as successors; thus it is needless to say that the lords and princes were hostile against him due to this incident.
- 皇位継承法説の論者の多くは、この箇所を含む文は「改めてはならない常の典と立てた法が傾くことなく動くことなく続くように働け」という意味で、全体として継承を意識しているとして弁明とする。
- Many of the supporters of the imperial succession code theory explain that the description including this expression means 'work to maintain the law formulated as the irreversible code not declined, stable, and sustained,' and as a whole, the description is conscious of the succession.
- 保延5年(1139年)8月17日、鳥羽院は得子が生んだ生後三ヶ月の第八皇子躰仁親王を立太子させ、2年後の永治元年(1141年)12月7日、崇徳天皇から皇位を譲り受けさせた(近衛天皇)。
- On September 18, 1139, Toba in let Tokushi's three month old baby, the eighth Prince, Imperial Prince Narihito become Crown Prince, and after two years, on January 12, 1142, he succeeded the throne after Emperor Sutoku passed the position to him (Emperor Konoe).
- 同5年(1021年)道長の六女で叔母にあたる藤原嬉子が東宮妃として入内、万寿2年(1025年)に待望の第一王子親仁(後冷泉天皇)が生まれるが、嬉子は産後の肥立ちが悪く2日後に急逝した。
- In 1021 FUJIWARA no Kishi, Michinaga's sixth daughter and the Emperor's aunt, had an official ceremony to enter the Imperial Palace as the Empress of the crown prince, and she gave birth to the long-awaited first prince, Chikahito (Emperor Go-Reizei) in 1025; however, Kishi was not well after the birth of the prince and died suddenly two days later.
- 武家方の目を眩ます陽動作戦のため、吉野朝の後村上天皇(義良)が身代わりの天皇として表に立ったため、興国天皇(守永)は、 内伝の天皇として身分を隠し、守永親王として東日本各地を転戦した。
- Because Emperor Gomurakami (Noriyoshi) of the Yoshino Court stood up in front to distract samurai families, Emperor Kokoku (Morinaga) hid his position as the Emperor and fought in various places in the eastern side of Japan as Imperial Prince Morinaga.
- 神武天皇の即位年の「辛酉年」は『日本書紀』の歴代天皇在位年数を元に計算すると西暦紀元前660年に相当し、即位月は「春正月」であることから立春の前後であり、即位日の干支は「庚辰」である。
- When the year of Emperor Jimmu's enthronment 'the year of kanototori' is calculated on the basis of the period of reign of successive emperors, it falls on 660 B.C., and the month of his enthronment was 'harushogatsu,' which is around the first day of spring, and the date of the enthronment (eto) was 'Kanoetatsu.'
- 憲法学界にも、「皇室に私なし」とする立場から、「内廷」を戦前の「宮中」のような公的な存在ととらえ、宮中祭祀を「内廷の公的な祭祀」とする考え方が、保守系の学者を中心に根強く存在している。
- In the academic society of constitutional studies, some conservative scholars regard the 'inside of the Imperial Court' as a public organization like the prewar 'Imperial Court' because of the perspective that there is no personal affairs in the Imperial Household, and they also strongly believe that the Court rituals are 'public rituals at the inside of the Imperial Court.'
- 息子である天皇の崩御から元明天皇即位までの2ヶ月間は形式的には阿閉皇女の称制が成立していたと考えられているが、期間が短かったために、称制としての実質はほとんどなかったと考えられている。
- It was considered to be a period of two months, after Emperor Ahe no Himemiko died that she succeeded to the throne, and the official Shosei of Ahe no Himemiko was established, however, the government itself was not ruled properly during this short period of time.
- 歴史学者の間で最も有力なものは1951年に岩橋小弥太が論文「天智天皇の立て給ひし常の典」で提唱した直系皇位継承法説で、兄弟継承を排して天皇の子への皇位継承を定めた法だとするものである。
- The most widely-accepted theory is the direct line imperial succession code theory that Koyata IWASAKI presented in 1951 in his article 'The permanent code established by his majesty Emperor Tenchi,' in which he argues that this is the law that determinates the imperial succession rule, eliminating collateral successions between brothers.
- 天長・承和期の淳和天皇と仁明天皇の治世は、学問が興隆し、後世の故実ともなった宮廷儀式が確立するなど、王朝文化が花開いた時期であるが、これらは勅旨田収入に支えられたものと考えられている。
- In the reigns of Emperors Junna and Ninmyo in the Tencho and Showa periods, a royal court culture was in full bloom with academics flourishing as well as court ceremonies that would be practiced in later ages, all supported by the income from Chokushiden.
- その態度に立腹した弾四朗は、お菊が管理を委任されていた10枚揃えないと意味のない家宝の毒消しの皿のうちの一枚をわざと隠してお菊にその因縁を付け、とうとう責め殺して古井戸に死体を捨てた。
- Danshiro, offended at her attitude, hid one of the ten poison-neutralizing plates of the family treasure which were committed to Okiku's management and worthless unless all the plates were completely reserved, on purpose to blame her, and he finally strangled her to death and dumped her body in an old unused well.
- 作家の井沢元彦は、日本には無意識の強烈な「怨霊」信仰と、怨霊を発生させない「和」への信仰があり、神道はその上に成立し、仏教も結局は怨霊を鎮魂する為の道具として活用されたと解説している。
- Writer Motohiko IZAWA explains that in Japan there are unconscious and strong belief in 'vengeful spirits' and faith in 'harmony' to prevent the vengeful spirits from coming into this world, and on this foundation Shinto was established, while Buddhism turned out to be used as a tool to appease these vengeful spirits.
- また、信憑性にはやや欠けるものの、「水鏡」によれば光仁天皇が酒人内親王の立太子を検討していたとも言われ、もしそれが事実ならば桓武天皇やその周辺にとっては警戒すべき相手であったとも言える。
- Although there is no definitive proof as to whether this is true or not, according to the 'Mizukagami' (The Water Mirror), Emperor Konin planned to have Imperial Princess Sakahito become the Crown Princess; if true, this must have made Emperor Kanmu and his circle extremely wary of her.
- 本来、父の花園天皇は持明院統においては傍流であり、その皇位は嫡流である後伏見天皇-光厳天皇-崇光天皇の系統に引き継がれるものと考えられていたために親王は皇位継承に与れる立場にはなかった。
- Because his father, Emperor Hanazono was originally a branch line of the Jimyo-in Imperial line, Imperial Prince was not in a position to succeed the throne; the throne was supposed to be succeeded by the main line; Emperor Gofushimi-Emperor Kogon-Emperor Suko.
- 父・文徳天皇は皇太子として第四皇子である惟仁親王(後の清和天皇)を立てた後、惟喬親王にも皇位を継承させようとしたが、藤原良房の反対を危惧した源信の諫言により実現できなかったといわれている。
- His father, Emperor Montoku appointed his forth Prince, Imperial Prince Korehito (later called Emperor Seiwa) as Crown Prince, and tried to let Imperial Prince Koretaka succeed to the throne, however this did not happened as MINAMOTO no Makoto was concerned that FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa would be against this and he remonstrated his concern to the Emperor.
- 西南戦争のさなか、佐野常民や大給恒から「博愛社」(後の日本赤十字社)設立の建議を受けるが、官軍のみならず逆徒である薩軍をも救護するその精神を熾仁親王は嘉し、中央に諮る事なくこれを認可した。
- During the Seinan War, he received a proposal to establish 'Hakuai sha' (later called the Japanese Red Cross Society) by Tsunetami SANO and Yuzuru OGYU, he approved it without consulting the main government, as he was moved by the spirit to rescue not only the government army, but also to help the rival, Satsuma army.
- 両親王が謹慎生活で外部との接触を絶たれている間、長州征伐、薩長同盟の成立、将軍徳川家茂の死去と徳川慶喜の将軍就任、さらに孝明天皇の崩御により、時代はそれまでとは桁違いの速度で変化してゆく。
- The situation was changed dramatically compared to before, the Choshu Expeditions went fourth, the establishment of the Satsuma-Chochu Alliance, the death of Shogun Iemochi TOKUGAWA, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA being new Shogun, the death of Emperor Komei and so on, while both Prince Taruhito and Takahito were refrained from making public appearances and had no contact with outside.
- 父である二条天皇は在世中に親政を行おうとして後白河と対立した上、異母弟・憲仁の擁立を画策したとして、憲仁の叔父・平時忠を流罪、平教盛・藤原成親・藤原信隆を解官して後白河の院政を停止させた。
- His father, Emperor Nijo tried to directly rule the government and was opposed to Goshirakawa, he put an end to Goshirakawa's cloister government by saying he was scheming to allow his half younger brother, Prince Norihito, ascend to the throne, and Norihito's uncle, TAIRA no Tokitada was sentenced to deportation, TAIRA no Norimori, FUJIWARA no Narichika and FUJIWARA no Nobutaka lost their positions.
- 明正天皇の時にはまだ復興していなかった大嘗祭・新嘗祭の装束としては、御斎服・帛御服があるが、前者は男子同様の仕立てで髪型がおすべらかしであることだけが異なり、後者は白平絹の裳唐衣五衣である。
- The costume for the Great Thanksgiving Service (after the Enthronement of an Emperor) and the Harvest Festival, which were not restored during Emperor Meisho's era, was Gosaifuku and Haku Gofuku, the former had the same finish as the male Emperor's, the only difference being, the hair style was traditional coiffure for Shinto priestesses, with the hair gathered so as to hang down from the back of the head, the latter was Mo Karajan Itsutsuginu with plain white silk.
- 彼女は草壁の早世にめげず、強いリーダーシップで律令国家体制確立への舵を執り、孫・軽皇子への譲位(直前に天武天皇第一皇子高市皇子が薨去したが、菟野・藤原不比等による暗殺説もある。)を果たした。
- Although her son, Prince Kusakabe died young, she showed strong leadership and was brave enough to take control of politics to establish the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes, she finally passed the throne to her grandchild, Prince Karu (there was a theory Uno no and FUJIWARA no Fuhito planned an assassination when Prince Takechi, Emperor Tenmu's first Prince died just before Prince Karu's enthronement).
- 例えば幕末に捕鯨地の長崎県を訪れたフィリップ・フランツ・フォン・シーボルトも、しばしば鯨料理が供されたことについての記録を残しており、中には「鯨ひげのサラダ」などの特異な献立も記されている。
- For example, at the end of Edo Period, Philipp Franz von Siebold visited Nagasaki Prefecture, where a whaling base existed and recorded that he was often served whale-based dishes, in particular a unique menu of 'whalebone salad.'
- その後第一次世界大戦の講和により完成したヴェルサイユ条約の世界で、に設立された国際連盟に常任理事国として参加し、日本は明治維新から約50年という速さで列強国のひとつに数えられることになった。
- Later, as a result of the Treaty of Versailles signed to conclude the peace process after the World War I, the League of Nations was founded with Japan participating as a permanent member whereby it became one of the powerful countries in the world in mere fifty years or thereabouts since the Meiji Restoration.
- 皇籍を離脱した後も皇室の親戚という立場には変わりがなく(皇族ではないが民法上天皇の親族である者もいる)、皇室の親族が所属する親睦団体の菊栄親睦会に所属して現在でも皇室と親しく交流を続けている。
- Even after some people were demoted to subject, they were still related to Imperial Family, (some people are no longer part of the Imperial Family, but are still relatives to the emperor under civil law), they are members of Kikuei Shinbokukai, a friendship group that Imperial relatives belong to, and continue to socialize with the Imperial Family.
- 生後10ヶ月足らずで立太子したのは、摂政であった外祖父伊尹の外祖父によるものだが、17歳で即位時には既に伊尹は亡くなっており、有力な外戚を持たなかった事は、2年足らずの在位という後果を招いた。
- He was enthroned after ten months he was born due to his maternal grandfather, Koremasa's political influence; however, when he succeeded to the throne at seventeen, Koremasa had already passed away and he did not have any powerful maternal relative, so his reign only lasted a little more than two years.
- もっとも退位後は在位時のプレッシャーがなくなったのか、61歳まで生きたが、師貞親王(花山天皇)をはじめとする皇子女や弟円融天皇、その皇子の一条天皇等多くの親族に先立たれたのは皮肉な事であった。
- However, after the abdication the Retired Emperor Reizei lived to the age of 61, presumably due to not having too much stress that he had when in power; it was ironic that his relatives like Prince Morosada (the Emperor Kazan) or other princes and princesses, his brother Emperor Enyu and his Prince (Emperor) Ichijo, passed away before him.
- もとは嵯峨天皇の数多い夫人の一人に過ぎなかったが、桓武天皇皇女の高津内親王が后を廃された後、姻戚である藤原冬嗣(嘉智子の姉安子は冬嗣夫人藤原美都子の弟藤原三守の妻だった)らの後押しで立后した。
- Initially she was just one of Emperor SAGA's Empress but after Imperial Princess Takatsu, Emperor Kanmu's Princess, deposed from the Empress, her relative in law, FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu (Kachiko's older sister, Yasuko was FUJIWARA no Mimori's wife, who was the younger brother of Fuyutsugu's wife, FUJIWARA no Mitsuko) supported Kachiko to become Empress.
- 実際には「温羅」とはそれまで吉備国を支配していた旧勢力に製鉄技術を供与していた渡来人もしくは地来の豪族であり、旧勢力に義理立てするために吉備津彦(ひいてはヤマト王権)と戦ったと言う見方がある。
- There is a theory that 'Ura' was actually toraijin (immigrants, mainly from China and Korea), who had been giving steel manufacturing techniques to the former rulers of Kibi Province, or local ruling families, and out of loyalty to the former rulers, they fought against Kibitsuhiko (or Yamato rule).
- 1356年(延文元年/正平11年)に解放されて、翌年に京都に帰還するが、京都では既に崇光天皇の実弟である後光厳天皇が尊氏によって擁立された後であり、崇光天皇と直仁皇太子の復位要求は拒絶された。
- After their release in 1356, they returned to Kyoto in the following year, however, their demands for reinstatement of Emperor Suko and Imperial Prince Naohito were denied; in Kyoto, the younger bother of Emperor Suko, Emperor Kogon had been enthroned by Takauji until then.
- また、重要美術品等認定物件は、分野的には、刀剣、浮世絵、古筆(主として平安~鎌倉期の筆跡を指す)、宸翰(しんかん:天皇の筆跡)など、いくつかの特定分野の物件の認定が際立って多いのも特色である。
- Another distinctive feature of the properties accredited as an important art object is that the accreditation of the properties in several particular fields markedly stands out in number, namely swords, ukiyo-e pictures, ancient Japanese writing (mainly the calligraphy of the Heian and Kamakura periods) and Imperial letters (the calligraphy of emperors).
- しかし伊丹で奈良流に改良が加えられ伊丹酒大量生産方式が確立されたことや、奈良が地理的に大消費地である江戸への輸送に適していなかったことなどから、奈良流そのものは商業的に隆盛することはなかった。
- Nara-ryu itself, however, did not commercially succeed because Itami-zake came to be produced in a large volume through the development of mass production technology and also because Nara was located inconveniently to Edo, the then greatest market for sake.
- 同附則3項は「内閣総理大臣は、改正後の第2条に規定する建国記念の日となる日を定める政令の制定の立案をしようとするときは、建国記念日審議会に諮問し、その答申を尊重しなければならない。」と定めた。
- Article 3 of its supplementary provision also states, 'Prime minister shall consult Council for National Foundation Day and respect its report when planning to establish an ordinance to designate the date of National Foundation Day as stipulated in Article 2 of the revised National Holiday Law.'
- ただ、光孝はあくまで中継ぎとの立場をとり、自身の皇子を全て臣籍降下させていたが、死去直前になっても後継者を立てていなかったため、緊急措置として急遽、光孝の子の源定省が立太子され宇多天皇となった。
- However, Emperor Koko succeeded to the throne temporarily and he allowed all his children to be demoted to commoners; as he did not decide upon a successor before his death, Emperor Koko's child MINAMOTO no Sadami was hurriedly made Crown Prince as an emergency measure just prior to the emperor's death and he subsequently succeeded to the throne as Emperor Uda.
- 3歳の時、父である亀山法皇が病死するが遺詔でその財産の多くを与えた上に、自分の孫に当たる後二条天皇に対しては次の大覚寺統の皇位は天皇の嫡男邦良親王ではなく、恒明親王を立てるように命じたのである。
- After his father, the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama died when he was three years old, he inherited most of his father's assets due to his father's will, he ordered his grandchild, Emperor Gonijo to let Imperial Prince Tsuneaki succeed to the throne for next Emperor from the Daikakuji Imperial line, instead of Emperor's eldest Prince, Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi, also pronounced Kuninaga.
- しかし、同じ詔の中で「月日とともに長く、天地とともに変わらず、改めてはならない法として立てられた」とほぼ同じに長々しく形容されている二つの法が別のものを指すというのは不自然だと考える学者が多い。
- However, many scholars consider that it is unnatural to think that the two different laws are similarly modified by the excessively long adjective phrase that means 'established as the irreversible and eternal code, which should not be modified as long as the universe exists and as long as the sun and the moon shed light' could exist in the same edict.
- 陰部ノ検査ハ受検者ヲシテ脱褌セシメ両脚ヲ開キ検者ニ正面シテ立タシメ鼠蹊部、陰茎、陰嚢、精系、睾丸及副睾丸ノ異常ノ有無ヲ検査シ排尿ノ難易、遺尿ノ有無ヲ検シ必要アルトキハ排尿セシメテ尿ノ性状ヲ検査ス
- To examine the pubic region, make an examinee take off his fundoshi, make him stand with legs apart and facing the examiner, inspect the groin, the penis, the scrotum, the spermatic cord, the testicles, and the epididymis for their abnormalities, check whether it is hard to pass urine or not and whether there is enuresis or not, and if necessary, make him pass urine and test the properties of the urine.
- 文語体:例は威勢よき黒ぬり車の、それ門に音が止まつた娘ではないかと両親に出迎はれつる物を、今宵は辻より飛びのりの車さへ帰して悄然と格子戸の外に立てば、(樋口一葉『十三夜』1895年)岩波文庫から
- Literal style: When a black colored car stopped at the gate, her parents, thinking that their daughter had come back, always greeted her, but tonight she left the car which she had picked up on the street and stood with a heavy heart in front of the lattice door ('Jyusanya' by HIGUCH Iichiyo, 1895, from Iwanami Bunko)
- 江戸八丁堀 (東京都中央区)の住人栃面屋弥次郎兵衛(とちめんや やじろべえ)と、居候の喜多八(きたはち)が、厄落としに伊勢神宮を思い立ち、東海道を江戸から伊勢神宮へ、さらに京都、大坂へとめぐる。
- Yajirobe TOCHIMENYA, a resident of Edo Hatchobori (Chuo Ward, Tokyo) and Kitahachi, his freeloader, decide to visit Ise-jingu Shrine to get rid of their bad luck, and they travel the Tokai-do road from Edo to Ise-jingu Shrine, and further on to Kyoto and Osaka.
- こうした事態を憂慮した伊藤は初代内閣総理大臣就任とともに引き続き初代宮内大臣を兼ねて天皇の意向を内閣_(日本)に伝えることで天皇の内閣への不信感を和らげ、伊藤の目指す立憲国家建設への理解を求めた。
- Concerned about this, Ito told the Cabinet (Japan) of the emperor's intention once he had been appointed to serve as the first Prime Minister while also serving as the Minister of the Imperial Household at the same time in order to quell the emperor's distrust of the Cabinet and gain his acceptance for the constitutional government Ito sought to implement.
- しかし、甥の白河天皇が即位すると、「後三条天皇の遺言」を盾に白河天皇の異母弟・実仁親王 (平安時代)、輔仁親王を東宮に推す夫・俊房と、自分の子孫を天皇に据えたい白河天皇は次第に対立するようになる。
- However after his nephew, Emperor Shirakawa succeeded to the throne, there was conflict starting to build up between husband, Toshifusa, who took advantage of 'Emperor Gosanjo's will' and strongly recommend Emperor Shirakawa's half younger brother, Imperial Prince Sanehito (Heian period) and Imperial Prince Sukehito to become Crown Prince, and Emperor Shirakawa who wish to let his grandchild to succeed to the throne.
- この時代には、ドイツのナチス政権やイタリアのベニート・ムッソリーニ政権といったファシズム体制が成立し、日独伊三国同盟が結ばれたことから、この時期の日本の皇室制度は天皇制ファシズムとも呼ばれている。
- Around this period, like the Nazis in Germany and the Benito MUSSOLINI government in Italy, Fascist systems were established, and because the Tripartite Pact between Japan, Germany, and Italy was formed, the system of Imperial Household at this time was called Tennosei Fascism.
- しかし、1085年(応徳2年)に実仁が亡くなると、白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させるという手段に出た。
- However, Emperor Shirakawa ignored his father's will when Sanehito died in 1085, he formally installed his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito as the Crown Prince in the next year, and within the day, Shirakawa declared to give the throne to Emperor Horikawa.
- 幕切れの見得は、五右衛門が刀を抜きかけて欄干に片足をかけて下をにらみ、久吉が柄杓で手裏剣を受けて上をにらみ返す「天地の見得」と呼ばれるもので、絢爛豪華な舞台にふさわしい立体感あふれる幕切れである。
- At the end of the scene, two actors perform a mie pose called 'Tenchi-no-mie' (mie pose emblematic of heaven and earth), in which from above Goemon, putting his foot on the railing and his hand on the hilt of the sword, stares at Hisayoshi, while from below Hisayoshi, catching the shuriken with the dipper, stares at Goemon; with such three-dimensional picturesque view on the stage, the curtain falls and the gorgeous scene is completed.
- 神沢貞幹の『翁草』によると生まれが元旦でそのとき火事があり且つ実績も立派という共通点から聖徳太子の再来といわれ、歴史家としても知られた公家の柳原紀光も「延喜・天暦の治以来の聖代である」と評したという。
- According to 'Okina gusa,' by Teikan KANZAWA, the Emperor was called the return of Shotoku Taishi (Prince Shotoku), since they had similarities such as a New Year's birthday and there was a fire on the day of birth, or that they both achieved a lot in politics; moreover, the famous historian and court noble, Motomitsu YANAGIHARA, referred to the Emperor as 'the first Saint Emperor since the peaceful era of Engi and Tenryaku.'
- 18年(88年)3月に都へ向け出立し、熊県(熊本県球磨郡)や葦北(同葦北郡)・高来県(長崎県諫早市)・阿蘇国(熊本県阿蘇郡)・的邑(いくはのむら、福岡県浮羽郡)を巡り、19年(89年)9月に還御した。
- In March, 88, he left for the capital, and after touring Kuma no agata (Kuma Gun, Kumamoto Prefecture), Ashikita (Ashikita Gun, Kumamoto Prefecture), Takaki no Agata (Isahaya City, Nagasaki Prefecture), Aso no kuni (Aso gun, Kumamoto Prefecture) and Ikunohanomura (Ukiha gun, Fukuoka Prefecture), he returned in September the next year.
- 翌年、村上天皇崩御に伴い、親王の兄である冷泉天皇が即位するが、天皇は、容姿は美しいが奇行が目立ち病弱であった為藤原実頼が関白(准摂政)を務めていたが、聡明な為平親王がその皇太弟になると予想されていた。
- After Emperor Murakami died the following year, Emperor Reizei, who was the Prince's older brother, succeeded to the throne however, he had many eccentricities and was born weak although he was attractive in appearance, when FUJIWARA no Saneyori was the Chancellor (associate regent) and the Imperial Prince Tamehira, who was bright, was expected to become Crown Prince.
- 役としては白塗りの二枚目立役または若衆役かそれに類するものであること、調子のよい口跡を聞かせる役が多いこと、世話ものでは江戸前の粋でいなせな風情を見せる役が多いこと、丸本歌舞伎が少ないことなどが特徴。
- Many programs contained in the selection feature a role of a handsome man or boy with his face painted white (or a similar role), or a role that appeals his good voice and eloquency, or a role with Edo-style sophisticated and gallant appearance in the case of plays dealing with the lives of ordinary people, and the selection contains few works of Maruhon Kabuki (Plays written for ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater) that have been adapted for Kabuki (traditional drama performed by male actors)).
- 父後醍醐の鎌倉幕府倒幕が成功し、建武の新政が開始されると再び天台座主となるが、建武の親政が崩壊し、南北朝の対立が本格化すると還俗して宗良を名乗り、大和国吉野(奈良県)の南朝方として活躍をするようになる。
- He became the head priest of the Tendai sect of Buddhism after his father, Emperor Godaigo was successful with overthrowing the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and the Kenmu Restoration started, but after the Restoration collapsed and antagonism between the Southern and the Northern Courts became serious, he returned to a secular life and was re-named Muneyoshi, he started taking sides with the Southern Court force of Yoshino in Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture).
- 表面的には「院・内申シ合ツツ同ジ御心ニテ」(『愚管抄』)二頭政治が行われたが、両派の対立は深く「上下おそれをののいてやすい心なし、ただ深淵にのぞむで薄氷をふむに同じ」(『平家物語』)という状況であった。
- On the surface it appeared that the government was ruled by two political forces with no conflict, ('Gu kan sho (A Selection of the Opinions of a Fool)'), however the fighting between the parties was more complicated; the situation was as if 'both were scared of each other and were in fear, although their fighting could not be seen on the surface but was like walking on the thin glass.' ('the Tale of the Heike')
- 高倉上皇の皇子から新帝を擁立する際には、義仲は以仁王の子の北陸宮を推挙するが、後白河は寵姫の高階栄子の影響でこれを退けて尊成親王(後鳥羽天皇)に決定し神器が無いために緊急措置として院宣により即位させた。
- When the new Emperor was to be appointed from Retired Emperor Takakura's Prince, Yoshinaka recommended Hokuriku no Miya; Prince Yukiie who was the son of Prince Mochihito, Goshirakawa refused this recommendation due to his favorite lady, Eishi TAKASHINA's influence, and appointed Prince Takahira (the Emperor Gotoba), and he was enthroned by a command issued from a retired emperor since he did not have three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family.
- 強盗(がんどう)若しくは龕灯(がんどう)と呼ぶ携帯型の照明器具の仕組みは不燃性の材料を用い、一般的には銅版やブリキ板等の金属板を丸めた円筒台形の筐体をもち、筐体の中にはろうそく立てと反射鏡が入っている。
- The device included in the portable lighting apparatus called 'Gando' is made up of nonflammable materials--in general, a cylindrical trapezoid chassis produced by rolling a metal plate such as copper or tin, and a candle holder and a reflecting mirror both of which are placed inside the chassis.
- なお、「ある町にふらりと現れた主人公が、そこで対立する2つの組織に近づいて双方を欺き、最後には全滅させて去っていく」という、本作のようなアウトラインは、多少の違いはあるものの他の東宝映画にも見受けられる。
- The plot of this film involves a hero who happens to come into town, approaches two groups in conflict with each other to deceive and finally annihilates both of them and walks away, and this kind of plot is seen in other Toho films, although each with varying details to some degree.
- これは、当時関白太政大臣であった藤原兼通が実弟である大納言藤原兼家と対抗するために、当時の藤原氏内部において兼通・兼家双方と対抗出来る立場にあった右大臣藤原頼忠(兼通の従兄弟)を味方につける必要性があった。
- Since FUJIWARA no Kanemichi, who was Kanpaku Daijo Daijin (the Chief Adviser to the Emperor) at that time, had to oppose to his younger brother, Dainagon (chief councilor of state), FUJIWARA no Kaneie, Kanemichi needed to have Udaijin (Minister of the right), FUJIWARA no Yoritada (Kanemichi's male cousin) on his side, since he was in a strong position to be able to compete against both Kanemichi and Kaneie within the Fujiwara.
- これにより皇室制度は、プロイセン式の立憲君主制を採ったが、大日本帝国憲法と同時に制定された皇室典範は、内閣や国会も改廃できない「皇室の家法」とされ、皇室制度は国民統治の神権的機関として利用されるようになる。
- With this, the system of the Imperial Household adopted a Prussian style constitutional monarch, but the Imperial House Act, which was established at the same time with the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, was considered as 'the family codes of the Imperial Household,' that could not be changed nor abandoned by the cabinet or the Diet, and the system of the Imperial Household began to be used as a system of divine right to reign over the people.
- 親王の邸宅は桃園親王と呼ばれた貞純親王の邸宅で、後に源保光(桃園中納言)、藤原師氏(桃園大納言)、藤原近信、藤原伊尹家へ移り、その後藤原行成(親王の曾孫にあたる)の邸宅となり、行成はその邸内に寺を建立した。
- The Imperial Prince's Palace belonged to Imperial Prince Sadazumi who was called Imperial Prince Momozono, later on the Palace was passed to MINAMOTO no Yasumitsu (Momozono Chunagon (vice-councilor of state)), FUJIWARA no Morouji (Momozono Dainagon (chief councilor of state)), FUJIWARA no Chikanobu, FUJIWARA no Koretada, after that it became FUJIWARA no Yukinari's (the Imperial Prince Yoshiakira's great grandchild) Palace and he built a temple within the Palace.
- 各天皇(諡号または院号)の傍には、代数・生母・諱・在位年数や立太子/践祚/即位/譲位/崩御の年月日・御陵などの事項を列記し、その他の皇族にも、生母・略歴・極位・極官・没年月日などの注記(尻付)を施している。
- The information such as generation number, biological mother, imina (personal name), reign, date of investiture of the Crown Prince, accession to the throne, enthronement, abdication of the throne and demise, and Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) are listed near the name of each Emperor (shigo (a posthumous name) or ingo (a posthumous title given to an emperor)), for the other Imperial Families, biological mother, brief personal history, gokui (his best rank), gokkan (his Best position) and date of death are annotated.
- その状況下で大覚寺統の後醍醐天皇は、王権復興を目指して幕府追討計画を2度にわたって立て(正中の変・元弘の変)、幕府により廃位・流罪に処されるも、鎌倉幕府の滅亡をもたらし、京で復位した後、建武の新政を開始した。
- Under such circumstances, Emperor Godaigo of the Daikakuji Imperial line attempted to overthrow the Bakufu twice to revive royal authority for the Imperial Palace (the Shochu Disturbance, the Genko Disturbance), his position was taken away from the bakufu and he was banished, but it caused the ruin of the Kamakura bakufu, Emperor Godaigo became Emperor again in Kyoto and started the Kenmu Restoration.
- だが、在位わずか7年で病没したこと、その時点で次の大覚寺統の嫡流を継ぐべき邦良親王がわずか9歳だったことから、大覚寺統と持明院統が交互に皇位継承していくという幕府裁定の両統迭立原則が崩壊してしまう事になった。
- However, the Emperor died of illness only seven years after his enthronement, and the next successor to the throne, who was supposed to succeed the Daikakuji-to line to the Emperor, Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi, was only nine years old at that time, an agreement between both parties to share the Imperial succession in turn, which was arbitrated by the Kamakura bakufu, was no longer valid.
- これに対して三条天皇は、大納言で没した父済時に右大臣を追贈することで娍子を皇后に立てたが、立后当日も道長の妨害に遭い、儀式に参列した公卿は、弟の藤原通任以外には藤原実資・藤原隆家・藤原懐平のみの侘しさだった。
- Against this, Emperor Sanjo additionally gave the title of Udaijin to her father Naritoki, who had died as Dainagon (a chief councillor of state), and made Seishi the Empress, but on the day of the ceremony for becoming the Empress, Michinaga caused a disturbance and sadly the Court nobles who attended the ceremony, excluding her younger brother FUJIWARA no Michito, were only FUJIWARA no Sanesuke, FUJIWARA no Takaie, and FUJIWARA no Kanehira.
- 重要美術品等認定物件には、絵画、仏像、工芸品、経巻、典籍、考古資料、建造物など各種のものが含まれているが、当時の国宝指定物件(文化財保護法における「重要文化財」に相当)に比して、いくつかの際立った特色がある。
- The properties accredited as an important art object include many items such as paintings, Buddha statues, craft products, sutra scrolls, classical books, archaeological materials and buildings, and they have a few outstanding characteristics compared to the articles designated as a national treasure (which are equivalent to the 'important cultural property' under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties) of those days.
- 高倉天皇即位によって成立した後白河院政は、武門平氏・堂上平氏・院近臣という互いに利害を異にする各勢力の連合政権といえる形態をとっていたため、滋子の死により、今まで隠されていた対立が一気に表面化することになった。
- The conflict between Emperor Goshirakawa and the In Kinshin became apparent, all the sudden, after Shigeko died, since the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa's government was established after Emperor Takakura's succession to the throne, whose government consisted of an allied government made up of the Taira Samurai family, the Tosho House of the Taira clan, and the In Kinshin, and they all had the different political interests.
- 皇太子保明親王を出産するも親王は早世、孫の慶頼王も僅か5歳で没したが、保明親王の死と同年に立后、さらに寛明親王(朱雀天皇)と成明親王(村上天皇)を相次いで出産して2代の国母となり、摂関政治全盛への基盤を固める。
- Although she gave birth to the Imperial Prince Yasuakira, he died very young and her grandson, Prince Yoshiyori also died at the age of 5, however, she officially became the second consort in the same year when Imperial Prince Yasuakira died, then she gave birth to Imperial Prince Yutaakira/Hiroakira (Emperor Suzaku) and Imperial Prince Nariakira (Emperor Murakami) in succession and became a mother of the Emperor for 2 generations, which strengthen the foundation of a blooming regency government.
- しかし1690年には幕府の後押しを受ける近衛基熙が霊元上皇の後押しを受ける一条兼輝を失脚させて朝廷政治の実権を掌握したため、その後、関白近衛基熙と霊元天皇の院政との間で「幕府との距離」をめぐって対立が深まった。
- However in 1690 Motohiro KONOE who was supported by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), caused Kaneteru ICHIJO's downfall, supported by the Retired Emperor Reigen, and took actual political power of the Imperial government, after that, a conflict started to deepened between the Chancellor Motohiro KONOE and Emperor Reigen's cloistered government, called 'the distance between the bakufu.'
- 不破内親王の姉の井上内親王(聖武天皇の娘)と白壁王(後の光仁天皇)との間の子である他戸親王(草壁皇子の玄孫)が、伯母の孝謙天皇称徳天皇が崩御に伴い、父王が即位した時に天智・天武皇統融合の象徴として立太子された。
- Imperial Prince Osabe (the great-great-grandson of Prince Kusakabe), who was the son of Imperial Princess Inoe (a daughter of Emperor Temmu), a older sister of Imperial Princess Fuwa, and Shirakabe no okimi (Prince Shirakabe, later Emperor Konin), was formally installed as Crown Prince as the symbol of merger of Tenchi and Temmu Imperial Line at the time of enthronement of his father, with demise of his aunt, Empress Koken Empress Shotoku.
- 彼は閑院宮典仁親王の第6王子であったが、直系の第118代後桃園天皇が死去したときに皇子がいなかったため、急遽後桃園天皇の養子となった上で即位したが、長じて、後桃園天皇のただ一人の皇女欣子内親王を中宮に立てている。
- Since there was no son when the hundred and eighteenth Emperor Gomomozono in direct line passed away, Emperor Kokaku, the sixth Prince of Imperial Prince Kanin no Miya Sukehito, became the adopted child of Emperor Gomomozono and ascended the imperial throne with Imperial Princess Yoshiko, the only princess of Emperor Gomomozono.
- だが、関ヶ原の合戦によって新たに権力の座を手に入れた徳川家康もまた皇位継承に介入し、良仁親王の出家(皇位継承からの排除)は認めるものの、これに替わる次期天皇として嫡出男子であった第3皇子の政仁親王の擁立を求めた。
- However, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who had seized political power after the Battle of Sekigahara, got involved in the imperial succession, and although he accepted Imperial Prince Katahito's joining the priesthood (not being included in the imperial succession) he demanded that the third prince, Kotohito, be enthroned as the next Emperor, since he was the legitimate son.
- 後に足利義満の斡旋により、正式な譲位の儀式を行うとともに今後の皇位継承については両統迭立とするという条件で、大覚寺統の後亀山天皇が三種の神器を持明院統の後小松天皇に引き渡し、南北朝の分裂は終わった(明徳の和約)。
- Later, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA helped organize the official enthronement ceremony and there was a condition for sharing the Imperial Throne (Ryoto Teiritsu); in terms of succession to the imperial enthronement, Emperor GO-KAMEYAMA from Daikakuji-to gave three holy durables to Emperor KOMATSU, thus marking the end of the division of the Northern and Southern Courts (the Meitoku Treaty or Meitoku Compromise).
- このような特別な八角墳が大王にのみ採用されたのは、畿内を中心とした首長連合の盟主であった大王の地位を、一般の首長を超越して中国の天子のような唯一の最高権力者として地位を確立しようとして形に表したという解釈がある。
- Some people argue that these octagonal tumuli, which were built only for Great Kings, were built as symbols designed to establish the status of these kings, who led the union of chiefs in and around the Kinai region (region around Kyoto and Nara), as supreme rulers like Chinese emperors ranking far above other ordinary chiefs.
- 13世紀中期には、次代の治天の座を巡って後深草天皇の系統(持明院統)と亀山天皇の系統(大覚寺統)が対立したが、治天である後嵯峨天皇は亀山系による皇位継承を遺言して没し、後深草系はこれに反発して幕府に力添えを頼んだ。
- After middle of thirteenth century, there was a conflict between Emperor Gofukakusa's line (Jimyoin Imperial line) and Emperor Kameyama's line (Daikakuji Imperial line) to succeed to the next position of Chiten, but Emperor Gosaga died and left his will to have Emperor Kameyama's line succeed to the throne, Emperor Gofukakusa's line was against it and asked the bakufu to support their force.
- 拙者親方と申すは、御立会の内に御存知の御方も御座りましょうが、御江戸を発って二十里上方、相州小田原市一色町を御過ぎなされて、青物町を上りへ御出でなさるれば、欄干橋虎屋藤右衛門、只今では剃髪致して圓斎と名乗りまする。
- My master is, I guess some of you already know, 78.54 km away from Edo in the direction of Kyoto, passing through Isshiki town, Odawara City, Sagami Province, then going further from Aomono town toward Kyoto, there he lives, Rankanbashi Toraya Toemon, now he is tonsured and calls himself Ensai.
- 弥仁は妙法院への入室が予定されていたが、京都の足利義詮は二条良基と相談の上、北朝再建のために広義門院に要請し、延臣に擁立されて即位した古代の継体天皇の先例も引照して、8月17日に弥仁は践祚され、後光厳天皇として即位。
- Although Prince Iyahito was expected to enter Myohoin, after Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA of Kyoto discussed the situation with Yoshimoto NIJO, they asked for help for Kogimon-in, Prince Iyahito received the order to succeed to the throne and was enthroned as Emperor Gokogon in August 17, following the example of ancient Emperor Keitai who was enthroned after being appointed by Enshin (延臣).
- 2005年(平成17年)になってテレビ番組『トリビアの泉』でとりあげられたことがきっかけとなり、銀座三越ではふんどしが2週間で年間売り上げの倍以上が売れたり、 買い求める女性客が目立つようになったという報道が流れた。
- It was reported by the mass media that as fundoshi was featured in a television program 'Toribia no izumi' (the fountain of trivia) in 2005, with this as a turning point, at the Mitsukoshi Ginza Store fundoshi sold more than twice the annual sales in two weeks, and the women customers who purchased fundoshi increased prominently.
- ところが、近衛天皇即位・得子の皇后冊立と相前後して得子を標的にしたと考えられる呪詛事件(日吉社呪詛事件・広田社巫呪詛事件)が相次いで発覚し、息子が皇位を失った待賢門院が裏で糸を引いているという風説が流されるようになる。
- However after Emperor Konoe succeeded to the throne, and also just before and after Tokushi officially became the Empress, there were some curse incidents (the Hie Shrine Curse Incidents, the Hirota Shrine Curse Incident) continuously happening, and there was a rumor that Taikenmonin, whose son lost his Imperial succession, had something to do with them.
- 光厳上皇が院政を敷いたが、足利家の内紛から観応の擾乱が起こり、1351年(観応2年 / 正平6年)には尊氏が南朝に帰順することで観応の擾乱正平一統が成立し、11月7日に皇太子直仁親王(花園天皇皇子)とともに廃立される。
- During that time, while retired Emperor Kogon ruled the cloister government, the Kanno Disturbance occurred due to internal struggling within the ASHIKAGA clan, after Takauji's decision to pay allegiance to the Southern Court, unification of the Imperial lineage in the Shohei era was concluded in 1351, and the Emperor and Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Naohito (Emperor Hanazono's Prince) lost their positions on November 7.
- この原因として韓国の「小中華思想」の他、朝鮮が清国の冊封体制から自立した後、大韓帝国と改称して憚りなく皇帝を称するようになったのに日本により再び「皇帝」から「王」に格下げされたことに対する報復であると指摘する説もある。
- There is a theory stating that the reason for this naming is not only because of 'little Sino-centrism,' but also because of retaliation for being demoted from 'Kotei' to 'O' (King) once again by Japan even after they came to call themselves the Korean Empire and held the title of Emperor without hesitation after the independence from the Sakuho system of Qing.
- やがて、尊氏と南朝が再度対立して南朝軍が京都からの撤退を余儀なくされると、南朝軍は光厳・光明天皇・崇光の3太上天皇と廃太子直仁親王は南朝の本拠である大和国吉野に連行され、続いて賀名生(現在の奈良県五條市)に幽閉された。
- Soon after, the Southern court army was forced to move out of Kyoto due to the opposition between Takauji and the Southern court; the Southern court army with Emperor Kogon, Emperor Komyo, the Retired three Emperors of Suko, the abolished Imperial Prince Naohito were taken to Yoshino, Yamato Province; the base of the southern court, and they were confined in Ano (present-day Gojo City, Nara Prefecture).
- テレビ用時代劇は他のテレビ番組が急速にビデオ撮影による収録に切り替わっていく中、1990年代後半までは映画用写真フィルムによる撮影を主流とし、'ドラマ'というよりは'映画'的なコンテンツとして特異な地位を確立していた。
- Whilst video-tape was rapidly taking over as the recording medium for other television shows, jidaigeki continued mainly to be shot using motion-picture film, thus establishing a unique status of being more 'movies' than 'dramas.'
- 50年以上わたる南北朝の争いは、途中南朝が優勢に立って北朝を一時解体に追い込んだ事(正平一統)もあったものの、次第に北朝を擁立した足利尊氏が開いた室町幕府が全国の武士を掌握するにつれて北朝側優位の流れが固まりつつあった。
- The conflict that continued for more than fifty years between the Northern and the Southern Court was gradually ended with the dominant position favoring the Northern Court, as Takauji ASHIKAGA gradually established the Northern Court and opened the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by shogun) and controlled the Samurai all over Japan, although the Southern Court once was in the dominant position and nearly took the political power from the Northern Court (Shohei Itto).
- それでも伏見宮家から入った後花園天皇から17世紀前期(江戸時代初期)の後陽成天皇まで、直系男子が継承紛争もなく迭立もないまま順調に皇位を継承していき、日本史上もっとも皇位継承が長期間にわたり穏やかに行われた時代でもある。
- During the period of Emperor Gohanazono who came from the Fushiminomiya family to Emperor Goyozei of early seventeenth century (early Edo period), Imperial succession was conducted smoothly by the male Imperial members of the direct lineage, without any disputes or sharing of the throne, this was the longest period in Japanese history when Imperial succession was conducted smoothly without problems.
- この問題について「男系」論の立場からすると、父親・草壁皇子は皇統に属する男系の男子の皇族であり皇太子でもあることから、元正天皇の皇位は父親が皇族だからであり元明天皇が天皇であったためではなく、女系ではないという説となる。
- Regarding this issue, from the perspective of the `Male-line' theory, he was not a Female-line Emperor since his father, Prince Kusakabe was a male imperial family member with male-lineage belonging to the imperial line, and Emperor Gensho's accession to the Imperial throne resulted from the fact that his father was an imperial family member regardless of his mother, Emperor Genmei, being the Emperor.
- 老中板倉勝静らも多事多難の折柄、一橋慶喜をこそ将軍に立てるべきと斡旋し、慶喜の後継に亀之助をと和宮に伺ったところ、和宮は「御遺命さへ反故とならずば異存なし、中納言(慶喜)の後をば必ず亀之助に継がしむべし」と許可したという。
- Senior councilor Katsukiyo ITAKURA strongly recommended Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI during his busy days having one difficulty after another, he then asked Kazunomiya to have Kamenosuke as Yoshinobu's successor, she approved saying, 'As long as the will was kept, there is no problem, please make sure Kamenosuke succeeds to Chunagon (Yoshinobu's) position. '
- 和銅7年(714年)には首皇子の元服が行われて正式に立太子されるも病弱であったことと皇親勢力と外戚である藤原氏との対立もあり、即位は先延ばしにされ文武天皇の妹である元正天皇が「中継ぎの中継ぎ」として皇位を継ぐことになった。
- In 714, genpuku (a ceremony held to celebrate one's coming of age) was held for Prince Obito, and he was invested as crown prince, but due to his poor health and a conflict between pro-imperial forces and the Fujiwara clan, who were maternally related to the Imperial family, his enthronement was postponed and the Empress Gensho, younger sister of the Emperor Monmu, succeeded to the Imperial Throne as 'an interim empress for the interim emperor'.
- 他に群馬県甘楽郡の2町1村・滋賀県彦根市・兵庫県尼崎市・島根県松江市・高知県幡多郡の2町1村・福岡県嘉麻市・長崎県五島列島の福江島など日本各地において類似の話が残っており、それらが相互に影響しあいながら成立したものであろう。
- Similar stories also remain all over Japan: In two towns and one village of Kanra-gun, Gunma Prefecture; Hikone City, Shiga Prefecture; Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture; Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture; two towns and one village of Hata County, Kochi Prefecture; Kama City, Fukuoka Prefecture; the Island of Fukue, Goto-retto Island, Nagasaki Prefecture: and it is assumed that those stories were made with a mutual influence on each other.
- 先帝の后や母后ではなく皇太子の方が実権を握っている点で、中国の称制とは異なるが、まず母后(斉明天皇)のちに先帝の后(孝徳天皇の皇后・間人皇女)を名目上の上位者として立てていたために形式上「称制」という名称が選ばれたのであろう。
- Since the Crown Prince had actual political control of the Japanese Shosei, it was different from the one in China where the Empress or the Empress Dowager used to take control of politics, it is presumed that above case was formally called 'Shosei' as the Empress Dowager (Emperor Saimei) was first appointed the nominal highest position followed by former Emperor's Empress (Emperor Kotoku's Empress, Princess Hashihito).
- 嵯峨と皇位継承紛争を防ぐために、それぞれの直系を互いに皇位につける迭立(てつりつ)を採用することとし、実際、嵯峨-淳和-仁明天皇(嵯峨の子)と皇位継承され、仁明の次も恒貞親王(淳和の子、母は嵯峨の皇女)が皇太子に立てられていた。
- To prevent the dispute against Emperor Saga of Imperial succession, there was an agreement to share Imperial succession from both direct Imperial lines, in fact, the succession was conducted such as Emperor Saga - Emperor Junna - Emperor Ninmyo (Emperor Junna's child), after Emperor Ninmyo, Imperial Prince Tsunesada (Emperor Junna's child, his mother was Emperor Saga's Princess) was appointed as Crown Prince.
- また、青蓮院が属する天台宗の主要寺院が住職の世襲を認めていないのに対し、青蓮院門主の地位を子息に譲ることを強く望んで天台宗教団と鋭く対立し、一時は教団離脱をほのめかして教団に圧力をかけ、ついに世襲を認めさせた事件も起こしている。
- While major temples in the Tendai sect that Shoren-in Temple belongs to do not allow the heredity of the chief priest, he had a fierce conflict with the Tendai sect strongly insisting to give the position of the chief priest of Shoren-in, and he applied pressure implying secession from the sect, finally forcing the sect to allow heredity.
- まず、文久3年(1863年)に中川宮(のちに賀陽宮を経て久邇宮に改称)、元治元年(1864年)に山階宮、以後明治3年(1870年)までに梨本宮、聖護院宮、北白川宮、華頂宮、東伏見宮(明治15年に小松宮に改称)の各宮家が設立された。
- Firstly in 1863, Nakagawanomiya (later changed to Kayanomiya, then changed again to Kunimomiya) was established, followed by the establishment of Yamashinanomiya in 1864, Nashimotonomiya, Shogoinnomiya, Kitashirakawanomiya, Kachonomiya, Higashifushiminomiya (changed to Komatsunomiya in 1882) before 1870.
- また『平家物語』に安徳天皇は実は女子であったのではないかという疑念を起こさせるような記述があることをもとにして、浄瑠璃・歌舞伎の「義経千本桜」などでは、女子であったという筋立てを採用している(渡辺199082-122ページ参照)。
- Because there is a description in 'The Tale of the Heike' to imply that the Emperor Antoku could have been a woman, in the story of Yoshitsune Sen-bon Zakura (Yoshitsune's one thousand cherry trees) of Joruri and Kabuki there is a story based on the possibility that Emperor Antoku was a woman (WATANABE, 199082; please refer to page 122).
- これに不満を抱いた後深草院は、翌建治元年(1275年)、太上天皇の尊号辞退と出家の意思を表明し、時の関東申次で後深草院寄りの西園寺実兼が執権北条時宗と折衝し、後深草天皇の皇子熈仁親王(伏見天皇)を同年中に立太子させることに成功した。
- The Gofukakusa in was not happy about the situation, he demonstrated his dissatisfaction by declining from his position as the retired emperor and to receive the respected name in 1275, Sanekane SAIONJI, who was the Kanto Moshitsugi in this period and favored the Retired Emperor Gofukakusa, negotiated with the regent, Tokimune HOJO, he succeeded to have Gofukakusa's Prince, Imperial Prince Hirohito (the Emperor Fushimi) to become Crown Prince in the same year.
- その後同4年(1246年)に修明門院の最大の支援者であった当時の朝廷の実力者・九条道家が息子である将軍九条頼経と結んで、執権北条時頼とその後押しを受けた後嵯峨天皇を退けて雅成親王を次期天皇に擁立しようとしているとする風説が流される。
- Then, in 1246, a rumor was circulated that Michiie KUJO who was an influential person in the then imperial court and chief supporter of Shumeimonin colluded with his son, Shogun Yoritsune KUJO, and intended to put up Shogun Yoritsune KUJO as the next Emperor by dismissing the regent Tokiyori HOJO and Emperor Gosaga who were supported by him.
- こうした経緯も含め、藤原良房は仁明朝期頃から次第に権勢を強め、文徳天皇が東宮だった頃に嫁がせていた娘、染殿后藤原明子 (染殿后)(あきらけいこ)がちょうど天皇即位の年にようやく産んだ、第四皇子惟仁親王(のちの清和天皇)を立太子させる。
- Given the situation, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa started to enhance his political power during Emperor Nimmyo's reign; he let his grandchild, his fourth prince, Korehito (later called Emperor Seiwa), whose mother was Some dono no kisaki (Empress) FUJIWARA no Akirakeiko (Empress Some dono) (Akira Keiko) become the crown prince, married while the Emperor was the crown prince, and finally had Prince Korehito in the same year as the Emperor's enthronement.
- 禁門の変の2ヶ月前である元治元年5月9日(1864年6月12日)、熾仁親王は父・幟仁親王とともに国事御用掛に任命されて朝政に参画し、親長州派の立場から京都守護職・松平容保らの幕臣たちや、久邇宮朝彦親王ら佐幕派の皇族・公卿らと対立した。
- On June 12, 1864, two months before the Kinmon Incident, Imperial Prince Taruhito and his father, Imperial Prince Takahito were appointed as officials in charge of national affairs and took part in the planning politics in the Imperial Palace, since they were supporters of the Choshu Domain, they opposed Kyoto Protection official, Katamori MATSUDAIRA's close aides and supporters of the Shogun, Kuni no Miya Imperial Prince Asahiko.
- 鎌倉時代に成立した『一代要記』や『本朝皇胤紹運録』、『皇年代略記』ではそれぞれ生年が推古天皇30年(622年)・31年(623年)と考えられ『日本書紀』での天智天皇の生年・推古天皇34年(626年)を上回る事等がその根拠とされている。
- It is because while 'Nihonshoki' says that the Emperor Tenchi was born in 626, 'Ichidai Yoki' (summary chronicle of each reign) and 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) says that the Emperor Tenmu was born in 622 and 'Konendai ryakki' (Short Imperial Chronicle) says he was born in 623 which is a few years earlier than that of the Emperor Tenchi.
- 頼長は宇治にいる忠実に助けを求め、上洛した忠実は法皇に対して、藤原道長の娘・藤原彰子や非執政者の娘(藤原師輔の娘・藤原安子、藤原師実の養女・藤原賢子)が立后した例を示し、頼長には近衛天皇の母・美福門院に書を送って嘆願することを命じた。
- Yorinaga sought Tadazane who was in Uji for help; Tadazane came out of Uji, ordered Yorinaga to send the document to Bifukumonin, the mother of Emperor Konoe, to ask for Masaruko to be enthroned, presenting the case examples to the Cloistered Emperor that the daughter of Michinaga FUJIWARA, FUJIWARA no Shoshi, and daughters either of which was not the daughter of a governor; FUJIWARA no Anshi; the daughter of FUJIWARA no Morosuke; FUJIWARA no Kenshi, the adopted daughter of FUJIWARA no Morozane were enthroned.
- 文保の和談(ぶんぽうのわだん)とは、鎌倉時代後期の文保元年(1317年)、後嵯峨天皇の皇子である、後深草天皇の子孫(持明院統)と亀山天皇の子孫(大覚寺統)の両血統の天皇が交互に即位する(両統迭立)ことを定めたとされる合意のことである。
- The Bunpo Compromise is an agreement made in 1317, the late Kamakura period, that succession to the throne would alternate between descendants of Emperor Gofukakusa (Jimyoin-to - imperial lineage from Emperor Gofukakusa to Emperor Gokomatsu) and descendants of Emperor Kameyama (Daikakuji-to - imperial lineage starting with Emperor Kameyama) (both were the sons of Emperor Gosaga).
- このころ、関東では桓武天皇5代の皇胤平将門が親族間の内紛を抑え、近隣諸国の紛争に介入したところ、在地の国司と対立、やがて叛乱を起こして自ら「新皇」(新天皇)と名乗り、朝廷の任命した国司を追放し、関東7ヶ国と伊豆国に自分の国司を任命した。
- Around this time, in the Kanto region, TAIRA no Masakado, who was an Imperial descendant of Emperor Kanmu for five generations, suppressed the internal conflicts between his relatives, and when he intervened in disputes amongst the neighboring provinces, he opposed the local Kokushi (provincial governor), soon caused insurrection and called himself 'Shinno' (new Emperor), banished Kokushi appointed by the Imperial Court, and appointed his Kokushi to 7 provinces in Kanto and Izu region.
- 1965年(昭和40年)に肌着に自社ブランドを立ち上げた三越が、高級感を持たせるためや女性が代理購入する場合でも恥ずかしくないように越中褌を「クラシックパンツ」と命名して販売したため、他の百貨店などでもそう呼ぶようになったとの説がある。
- There is an opinion that because Mitsukoshi which started up the company's store brand in underwear in 1965 sold Ecchu fundoshi by naming them 'Classic Pants' in order to make them create an impression of the high-grade undergarment and for women not to be embarrassed when they buy one on behalf of men, the other department stores and shops have come to call them by the same name.
- 京都国立博物館収蔵の「」(重要文化財)は南北朝時代 (日本)のものだが、江戸時代中頃になっても「江戸の粋」を凝縮した歌舞伎の傑作『助六』で助六の腰にあるのは「一つ印籠と鮫鞘」となっており、その存在は日本刀の芸術性とは不可分のものだった。
- The 'Botanzukuri Kairagi Zamesaya Koshigatana' (important cultural property) housed in the Kyoto National Museum is from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), but even in the mid Edo period, Sukeroku, who is the hero in the Kabuki masterpiece 'Sukeroku' featuring the Edo idea of stylishness, carried 'an inro (pill case) and samezaya' on his waist, suggesting samezaya being a part of the artistic aspect of Japanese swords.
- 新帝は崇徳の中宮藤原聖子の養子となっており、当初、崇徳は自身による院政を期待していたのであるが、鳥羽によって発布された譲位の宣命には「皇太弟」と明記されていたため、崇徳は父院としての立場を喪失し、巧みにその院政を封印されてしまったという。
- The Emperor Sutoku wished to rule his cloister government since the new Emperor was his second consort, FUJIWARA no Seishi's adopted son; however, according to the statement of succession to the throne issued by Toba, he was stated as the 'younger brother of the prince' and therefore lost his position as the new Emperor's father; thus his intention to rule his cloister government was stopped through clever means.
- 太陽暦(グレゴリオ暦)が1月1日 から暦として採用されたが、それに先立って、紀元節が旧暦である天保暦の正月(旧正月)とはならないようにするため、神武天皇即位の日をグレゴリオ暦の遡り暦に換算して、紀元節を特定の日付に固定する必要が生まれた。
- Before the Solar calendar (the Gregorian calendar) was adopted as a calendar starting from January 1st, in order to prevent Kigensetsu (the National Foundation Day, the day commemorating the ascension to the throne of the first emperor Jimmu) from falling on New Year's Day of Tenpo reki (Tenpo calendar) in the lunar calendar, they had to fix a specific date for Kigensets by converting the date of enthronement of Emperor Jimmu into 遡り暦 of the Gregorian calendar.
- 引き幕が引かれると浅黄幕の前で花四天が現れるもの、花四天を省略して浅黄幕だけを見せるもの(浅黄幕が引かれると、おかると勘平が連れ立って歩いている)、そして花四天が嘆き去った後に、花道からまずおかるが、次いで勘平が息荒げに走って現れるもの。
- They are: the one in which hanayoten (constable in colorful uniform) appear in front of asagimaku (light-blue curtain), the one in which only asagimaku is shown without hanayoten (when asagimaku is drawn, Okaru and Kanpei are walking together), and the one in which Okaru, followed by Kanpei, runs out from hanamichi (passage through audience to the stage) after hanayoten leaves in grief.
- 京都市右京区花園扇野町に現存する法金剛院は、平安前期、右大臣清原夏野の山荘だったものを死後双丘寺とし、天安2年(858年)文徳天皇の勅願によって天安寺が建立されたが、その後荒廃し、大治5年(1130年)になって待賢門院が復興したものである。
- The Hokongo-in Temple which currently exist at Hanazono Ogino-cho, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City, was originally Udaijin (Minister of the right), KIYOHARA no Natsuno's mountain villa in early Heian period, and it was changed to Narabigaoka-dera Temple after he died, when the Tenan-ji Temple was build by the Emperor Montoku's order in 858, the temple was ruined after that, Taikenmonin then restored it in 1130.
- なお、1938年(昭和13年)から挙行された紀元二千六百年記念行事に伴い、末永雅雄の指揮による神宮外苑の発掘調査が行われ、その地下から縄文時代後期~晩期の大集落跡と橿の巨木が立ち木のまま16平方メートルにも根を広げて埋まっていたのを発見した。
- With a commemorative ceremony for the 2,600th year of the founding of Japan held in 1938, research on the land of Jingu Gaien (the Outer Gardens of the Meiji Shrine) was conducted under the direction of Masao SUENAGA, and discovered that remains of a large settlement from the late to last of Jomon period was buried under the ground and as well found a giant evergreen oak was buried in a state of standing and spreading out its roots in 16 square meters.
- 張り方は板を斜めに立てかけて糊付けしたものを手で張りながら皺を伸ばし上部にむかって張り上げたが、のちに職業的には張り板を水平に、板の脚の長い方を右にして置き、十分に糊を引き、2~3cmだけ手で張り、残りはかための刷毛で小皺を伸ばしながら張る。
- The methods for stretching out fabrics are as follows: manually and upwardly stretching out a piece of starched fabric onto a board, which leaned upon an object at an inclined angle so as not to form creases; later, by professionals, manually stretching out only the first 2-3cm of a piece of well-starched fabric onto the Hariita, which is horizontally placed with a longer leg of it on the right, and then stretching out the rest of the fabric onto the board with a hard brush so as not to form fine creases.
- 伊勢神宮鎮座後も倭姫命を祭る神社は存在しなかったが、大正にはいり神宮司庁と地元伊勢市から倭姫命を祭る神社を創建する運動を生じ、1920年1月4日に皇大神宮別宮として倭姫宮の創立が許可、1922年11月5日内宮と外宮の中間である倉田山に鎮座した。
- Even after Yamatohime no Mikoto was enshrined at Ise-jingu Shrine, there was no chapel specifically dedicated to her until the Taisho period, when a proposal was made by the administrative branch of Ise-jingu Shrine and Ise City to erect a separate shrine for Yamatohime no Mikoto; the proposal was approved by the government on January 4, 1920 and on November 5, 1922, she was enshrined in Yamatohime no Miya Chapel on Mt. Kurata located between the inner shrine and the outer shrine.
- 日本武尊の話は複数の大和地方の英雄の事跡を小碓命(おうすのみこと)一人にあてがって、一大英雄伝説に仕立て上げた物であり、神功皇后の話は白村江の戦いから、持統天皇による文武天皇擁立までの経緯をもとに神話として記紀に挿入された物である、としている。
- The stories of Yamato Takeru and Empress Jingu are thought to have been inserted into the Kojiki and Nihonshoki, with Yamato Takeru believed to be based on legends of heroes in Yamato region, condensed into the person of Osu no Mikoto, and Empress Jingu's story to be based on the sequence of events from the Battle of Hakusukinoe through the enthronement of Emperor Monmu by Empress Jito.
- しかし身内の不幸もなかったにも関わらず、突如朝原内親王は延暦15年(796年)2月15日、朝原内親王の斎王解任のため、斎宮では奉幣使が立てられ、3月15日には平安京から朝原内親王の帰京を求める奉迎使左少弁兼左兵衛佐橘朝臣入居が、斎宮に派遣された。
- However, although there had been no sudden crisis such as a death in her family, an Imperial messenger was sent to Saigu to dismiss Imperial Princess Asahara from her position as Saio/Itsukinomiko on April 1, 796; some time later on April 30, an Imperial messenger called TACHIBANA no Asomi Irii, who held the titles of Sashoben (Minor Controller of the Left) and Sahyoe no suke (Assistant Captain of the Left Division of Middle Palace Guards), was sent to Saigu to ask her to return to Kyoto.
- 例えば、後円融の子後小松天皇は、1392年(元中9年/明徳3年)に南北朝合一を実現して後醍醐以来の唯一の天皇となり、皇子称光天皇に譲位して院政を行い、1428年(正長元年)に称光が没して皇統が絶えると、伏見宮家から後花園天皇を立てて院政を続けた。
- For example Emperor Goenyu's son, Emperor Gokomatsu made the unity of the Southern and the Northern Courts happen in 1392, and became the only Emperor since Emperor Godaigo's era, he then passed the Imperial throne to his Prince, Emperor Shoko to start his cloistered government, after Emperor Shoko died in 1428 and there was no one to succeed to the throne, he appointed Emperor Gohanazono from the Fushiminomiya family as a successor to continue to rule his government.
- 結果的には上記提案どおりであったが、両統迭立の約束自体が極めて不確実な状態のまま大覚寺統傍系の後醍醐が即位したことは、後醍醐が父後宇多の遺志に従わずに自分の子孫に皇位を継承させようとしたこともあり、南北朝時代 (日本)の両統並立に繋がっていった。
- The above proposal was achieved, but the enthronement of Godaigo, who was in the collateral line of Daikakuji-to, without a definite agreement on alternate succession led to the concurrent succession in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), where Godaigo attempted to make his descendant succeed to the throne irrespective of the wishes of his father Gouda.
- 使用する道具は、まず第一に「刀」の代りになる木切れで、器用な子は太い枝を肥後守(プレス加工で作られた安価なナイフ)で削って立派な「木刀(ただし剣道で使う実戦的な打撃を目的とする木剣では無く、刀のような形状をした薄い木片である)」を作ったりもした。
- First of all, chunks of wood were used as 'sword' and children who were good at handicraft made fine 'wooden swords' – not the wooden swords for actual fight of kendo (Japanese art of fencing), but a sword-shaped thin pieces of wood - by whittling wide branches with Higonokami (a cheap knife produced by press working).
- なお、戦前の皇国史観においては、鎌倉幕府が亀山法皇の遺詔を無視して恒明親王を立てなかったことを「不忠」であると非難する主張がなされる事があったが、幕府はあくまでも亀山法皇の嫡男でありかつ当時の治天の君であった後宇多上皇の意向に従っただけに過ぎない。
- Under the emperor-centered historiography based on state Shinto before the War, there was criticism towards the Kamakura bakufu's disloyalty since they ignored the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama's will to allow Imperial Prince Tsuneaki succeed to the throne, but the bakufu only obeyed the Retired Emperor Gouda's intention, who was the eldest son of the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama and the Chiten no kimi (person in power) at that time.
- 院政を敷いた後嵯峨上皇が、後深草上皇の弟亀山天皇の子孫(大覚寺統)が皇位を継承するよう遺言して崩御したために、後深草と亀山の間で対立が起こり、鎌倉幕府により、両者の子孫の間でほぼ十年をめどに交互に皇位を継承(両統迭立)し、院政を行うよう裁定された。
- The retired Emperor Go-Saga, who started a cloister government, left a will for the brother of the retired Emperor Go-Fukakusa, Emperor Kameyama's descendant (Daikakuji-to), to succeed to the Imperial Throne, and this caused the mutual conflict; therefore, it was decided by the Kamakura shogunate to share the Imperial Throne between ancestors from both sides on the basis of a rotation every 10 years (Ryoto Teiritsu) and to continue running the cloister government.
- 本来、皇后の定員は1名であったが、永祚 (日本)2年(990年)、一条天皇が藤原定子を皇后に冊立するにあたり、すでに円融天皇の皇后として藤原遵子が在位していたにかかわらず、先帝の皇后と今上の皇后は併存しうるものとして、2人の皇后の並立が強行された。
- Normally, only one person could be the empress, however, when FUJIWARA no Sadako became empress of Emperor Ichijyo in 990, despite FUJIWARA no Junshu's reign as the empress of Emperor Enyu, he allowed and enforced two empresses to co-exist, the one that was in reign and the new one.
- この事件について、『看聞日記』には生活上の困窮によるものと見えるが、当時の幕府が講和条件(両統迭立)に反して後小松天皇皇子の躬仁親王(後の称光天皇)の即位を目論んでいることから、そのような動きに不満を抱く後亀山法皇の抗議行動であったとも考えられる。
- 'Kanmon Nikki' (Diary of Imperial Prince Fushimi no miya Sadafusa) suggests that although this event appears as a result of dire poverty, due to the fact that the bakufu at that time attempted to have Imperial Prince Mihito (later Emperor Shoko), the prince of Emperor Gokomatsu, take over the throne, contrary to the conditions of peace (ryoto tetsuritsu (alternate accedence from two ancestries of imperial families), it may have been an act of protest by the Cloistered Emperor Gokameyama, who was unhappy with such developments.
- 院政を布いた上皇(院)は、多くの貴族たちと私的に主従関係を結び、治天の君(事実上の国王)として君臨したが、それは父としての親権と貴族たちの主人としての立場に基づくもので、天皇の外祖父ゆえに後見人としてふるまった摂関政治よりもいっそう強固なものであった。
- Joko (In), after establishing Insei, privately formed relationships between lord and vassals with many nobilities and reigned as 'Chiten no Kimi' (actual ruler of the country), and since it was based on the parental authority as father and the position as the lord of nobilities, his position was more firm than that of Sekkanseiji, which was a conservator as maternal grandfather of the Emperor.
- 観光圏(かんこうけん)は日本の一つの都道府県または複数の都道府県にまたがった地域を観光のためにまとめたもので、日本を観光立国とする実現に向けての整備をし、観光旅客の来訪および長期の滞在を促進するために日本の国土交通省の外局である観光庁に認定された地域。
- Kanko-ken (sightseeing areas) are areas (each of which is located in one prefecture or multiple prefectures in Japan), being organized for tourism; they are designated by the Japan Tourism Agency, an extra-ministerial bureau of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan, to develop sightseeing areas in order to distinguish Japan as a tourism nation and promote tourists' visits and extended stays.
- 津田は記紀の成立過程に関して初めて本格的な文献批判を行い、神話学、民俗学の成果を援用しつつ、神武天皇は弥生時代の何らかの事実を反映したものではなく、主として皇室が日本を支配するいわれを説明するために述作された日本神話の一部として理解すべきであると断じた。
- TSUDA was the first person who criticized literature regarding the process of coming into existence of the kojiki and Nihonshoki in earnest, and concluded that the Japanes had to understand that description concerning Emperor Jimmu did not reflect any fact in the Yayoi period, but were mostly written as part of Japanese Mythology in order to justify the ruling of Japan by the Imperial Family, taking advantage of mythology and folklore.
- 調整がうまくつかないと、様々な作品のヒーロー役が乱立したり、悪人方に回されたのを納得しない子供がやられて死ぬ演技をなかなやかやってくれなかったりするが、中には「切られ役(殺陣)の美学」を持つ子供が、オーバーな臨終のシーンを演じる等といった動きも見られた。
- When it was not adjusted well, some children acted various heroes of different stories freely and evil strangers who wanted to play heroes did not die soon after killed, and also it was seen that children who had 'aesthetics of how to be killed' acted dying scenes exaggeratingly.
- 政界の実力者・平清盛の義理の甥にあたる事に加えて、当時政治方針を巡って対立した二条天皇によって院政停止状態に置かれていた後白河院の不満から、二条天皇の死後に立てられた六条天皇(二条天皇の子、高倉天皇からみて甥)をわずか3歳で退位させ、天皇として擁立された。
- Emperor Takakura was TAIRA no Kiyomori's nephew in law, while TAIRA no Kiyomori had the control of the politics at that time, the Emperor Takakura was appointed to succeed to the throne after Emperor Rokujo (Emperor Nijo's child and Emperor Takakura's nephew) was forced to abdicate when he was three years old, who was set up to succeed to the throne after Emperor Nijo died by the retired Emperor Goshirakara in, since Goshirakawa was not able to rule his Cloister government due to Emperor Nijo's political pressure who opposed to Goshirakawa on political policy during that period.
- 親王の長男である康仁親王(1320年-1355年)は後醍醐天皇が再度の倒幕計画に失敗(元弘の変)して流罪となり、持明院統の光厳天皇が即位すると大覚寺統の嫡流として皇太子に立てられたものの、翌年の幕府滅亡と後醍醐天皇の復帰とともに光厳天皇ともども廃位されている。
- The eldest son of the Prince, Imperial Prince Yasuhito (1320 - 1355) was banished after he failed to overthrow the bakufu again (The Genko Disturbance), once he was appointed as Crown Prince as the successor from the Daikakuji Imperial line after Emperor Kogon of Jimyoin Imperial line succeeded to the throne, but he lost his position the following year, together with Emperor Kogon, when the bakufu went to ruin and Emperor Godaigo came back to his position as Emperor.
- しかし、3月に経宗・惟方が後白河の命により配流されて失脚、7月には藤原隆信が院昇殿停止処分を受け、8月には中宮・姝子内親王が病により出家、11月には後見の美福門院が死去するなど二条親政派の要人が次々に消えて、二条の立場は不安定となり後白河院政派が勢力を拡大した。
- However, Goshirakawa ordered to sentence Tsunemune and Korekata for deportaion and they lost their positions in March; FUJIWARA no Takanobu was suspended from entering into a special temple in the Imperial Palace in July, the second consort of the Emperor, Princess Shushi became a nun due to her illness in August, followed by the death of the Emperor's guardian Bifuku mon in that November; thus Emperor Nijo's political power was wrecked by losing his important people, while on the other hand Goshirakawa, with the support of his force, took more political power.
- 江戸時代には儒教や仏教などの外来思想に批判的な立場から古典や神道を研究する国学が盛んになると、神国思想もまた広く受け入れられるようになり、それが幕末の黒船来航などの外的圧力の増大とともに攘夷論へと発展し、尊王攘夷運動が展開されてやがて江戸幕府滅亡の原因となった。
- In the Edo period, once the study of ancient Japanese thought, classics, and Shinto became popular under the view point of criticizing beliefs from overseas like Confucianism and Buddhism, the belief of Shinkoku was widely accepted, it developed the principle of excluding foreigners in the face of pressure from Western ships coming to Japan in the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, the movement of 'Revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians' (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of the barbarians or foreigners) was established which caused of the fall of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- このため、為子の次の后として藤原時平の妹藤原穏子を入内させようとした醍醐天皇・藤原時平とこれに反対する宇多上皇との対立が発生(『九暦』)し、後の宇多上皇による斉世親王の皇位継承者指名問題及び菅原道真の大宰権帥左遷事件(いわゆる昌泰の変)に発生したとも言われている。
- Therefore, Emperor Daigo and FUJIWARA no Tokihira who intended to have FUJIWARA no Onshi, younger sister of FUJIWARA no Tokihira, enter into the court as the next empress of Tameko, this conflicted with Retired Emperor Uda who objected against it ('Kyureki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Morosue)), and it is said that this conflict developed to a later problem when Retired Emperor Uda designated Imperial Prince Tokiyo as the heir to the Imperial Throne, and to an incident of demotion of SUGAWARA no Michizane, Dazai gon no sochi (Provisional Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices) (so-called the Shotai Incident).
- しかし元弘元年(1331年)、元弘の変によって後醍醐天皇が捕らえられ、翌元弘2年(正慶元年、1332年)3月に天皇が隠岐諸島に流罪となると、禧子はそれに伴って同年5月、新たに立てられた北朝の光厳天皇より女院号を宣下されて礼成門院と称し、追って同年8月には出家する。
- However in 1331, after the Genko Incident, Emperor Godaigo was caught and was sentenced to deportation to the Oki Islands in March 1332, Kishi was given Nyoin go title by Emperor Kogon of the newly established Northern Court government in May, she was named Reizeimonin, and entered into the priesthood in August in the same year.
- 1982年(昭和57年)から1988年(昭和63年)まで京都市と京都府仏教会・京都市仏教会とが深刻な対立抗争を繰り広げ、ついには多くの寺院の拝観停止や行政訴訟の提起にまでいたった、いわゆる「古都税問題」では、仏教会の理事長あるいは会長として反対運動の先頭に立った。
- In the so-called 'old capital tax issue' in which Kyoto City Government severely fought against Kyoto Prefecture Buddhist Organization and Kyoto City Buddhist Organization from 1982 to 1988 leading to suspension of viewing in may temples and submission of an administrative lawsuit, he spearheaded the protest campaign as a president or a chairman of the Buddhist Organizations.
- 院政を敷いた後嵯峨上皇が、自分の皇子のうち後深草天皇の子孫ではなく弟の亀山天皇の子孫が皇位を継承するよう遺言して崩御したために、後深草と亀山の間で対立が起こり、鎌倉幕府により、両者の子孫の間でほぼ十年をめどに交互に皇位を継承(両統迭立)し、院政を行うよう裁定された。
- The retired Emperor Go-Saga, who started a cloister government, left a will stating that among the imperial princes, the younger brother Emperor Kameyama's descendant should succeed to the Imperial Throne instead of Emperor Go-Fukakusa's descendant, thus causing a mutual conflict; it was therefore decided by the Kamakura shougunate to share the Imperial Throne between ancestors from both sides on the basis of a ten-year rotation (Ryoto Teiritsu) and to continue running the cloister government.
- ところが、平安時代末期より鎌倉時代にかけて末法思想や鎌倉新仏教の広がりによって現世を否定する思想が広がり、実社会と乖離した儀礼中心の政治が打ち続く戦乱によって存亡の危機に立たされると貴族社会を中心に皇室とそれを支える貴族社会の由来を神国思想に求める考え方が出現した。
- However, from the late Heian period, there was a belief to deny the current world such as Mappo (Age of the Final Dharma) or spread of the New Kamakura Buddhism founded during, and after people were experiencing the crisis of having a ceremony centered government that was becoming estranged, instead of having a realistic government, the belief of Shinkoku became popular among the nobility and the Imperial family.
- 祖霊(それい)精霊のことでもあるが、精霊の内、あくまで子孫がいる者の霊を祖霊とする考えや、死後の時間経過や子孫の弔い(とむらい)のしかたにより、位付けされ、精霊から祖霊に果ては神に変わるとする考えや、現世に残った死霊と常夜へ旅立った精霊の総称を祖霊という考えがある。
- Shoryo or shoro are also called sorei shoryo, but interpretations of them vary: some regard them as merely shorei spirits having descendants; others believe that spirits are rated or promoted from shoro to sorei, or finally to a god depending on the time after death or the way the descendant holds a memorial service; still others regard sorei as a general term for a shiryo remaining in Utsushiyo or a shorei that has departed to Tokoyo.
- 「倅清舟承れ。人間最期の一念によって、輪廻の生を引くとかや。忠義に死する汝が魂魄、君父の影身に付き添うて、朝敵退治の勝ち戦を、草葉の陰より見物せよ。今雛鳥と改めて、親が許して尽未来まで、変わらぬ夫婦。忠臣貞女の操を立て、死したる者と高声に、閻魔の庁を名乗って通れ。」
- Listen, my son Kiyofune (Koganosuke's real name). What your soul is at your death decides what your next life will be. Dying for fidelity, let your soul accompany your lord and father and witness the victory over the emperor's enemy. Now, we have permitted you and Hinagiku to marry each other forever. You shall pass through the palace of Enma (the King of Hell who passes judgement on the dead) introducing yourselves aloud as ones who have died for fidelity and virtue.'
- そこで祖父である後宇多天皇の要請を受けた鎌倉幕府は後二条天皇の在位が大覚寺統・持明院統間の皇位移譲約束である10年より短い事を配慮して、花園天皇の後に大覚寺統から中継ぎの天皇を立てることを容認し、後二条天皇の弟である尊治親王(後の後醍醐天皇)を皇太子にする事になった。
- Thus after the Prince's grandfather, Emperor Gouda asked the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to organize a temporary Emperor from the Daikakuji Imperial line after Emperor Hanazono, considering the situation that Emperor Gonijo's era was shorter than ten years, which was the agreement for sharing Imperial succession between the Daikakuji Imperial line and the Jimyoin Imperial line, the bakufu approved it and decided to let Emperor Nijo's younger brother, Imperial Prince Takaharu (later called Emperor Godaigo) Crown Prince.
- このため、五摂家の当主らが秘かに宮中で会議を開き、英仁親王の将来における皇位継承を前提に中継ぎとしての新天皇を擁立する事が決定、天皇の異母姉である智子内親王が英仁親王と血縁が近く政治的にも中立であるということで桃園天皇の遺詔があったという事にして即位を要請したのである。
- Thus a secret meeting was held in the Imperial Palace with the heads of the five families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho and Kanpaku, it was decided to have a temporary Empress until Hidehito was old enough to succeed to the throne in the future, thus the Emperor's half older sister, Princess Toshiko, who had close blood relationship to Prince Hidehito and who maintained neutrality in politics, was appointed to succeed to the throne.
- 平安時代、桓武天皇の政策により東宮とならなかった親王を八省卿にする方針が打ち出されたが、後に親王に政治責任を負わせることに消極的な立場から中務省、兵部省兵部省 (律令制)、式部省、弾正尹、大宰帥といった名誉職に就いて俸禄のみを得て、政務には携わらないという慣習ができた。
- In the Heian period, a plan was put out for making the Shinno, who was not able to become a Togu (crown prince) due to Emperor Kammu's policy, a Minister for one of the eight central ministries, but later, from a passive viewpoint towards putting political responsibility on a Shinno, it became a custom for a Shinno to take the position of an honorary office such as the Ministry of Central Affairs, Ministry of Military (Treasury code), Ministry of Ceremonial, Danjoin, and Dazai no sochi, where they received only stipends and did not participate in state affairs.
- だが、鎌倉幕府は今回の事件は大覚寺統全体が関与していないものであるから、後醍醐天皇と対立関係にある大覚寺統嫡流から皇太子を輩出して、引き続き大覚寺統と持明院統が交代で皇位継承(両統迭立)をすべきであるとしたため、持明院統もこれに同意して当時13歳の康仁親王の立太子を容認した。
- However, the Kamakura bakufu insisted that because this incident had nothing to do with the Daikakuji Imperial line, the Daikakuji Imperial line should appoint a successor to the Crown Prince, and Imperial succession should be shared alternately between the two parties in turns continuously, the Jimyoin Imperial line agreed to this and accepted Imperial Prince Yasuhito as Crown Prince who was thirteen years old at the time.
- 対象となった歌人は藤原雅経、源具親、鴨長明、後鳥羽院宮内卿ら院の近臣を中心とする新人のグループで、この時期、院は熱心に新たな歌人を発掘し、周囲に仕えさせることで、後に新古今歌人群のなかにあって、九条家グループ、御子左家グループと鼎立する院近臣グループの基盤がここに整ったといえる。
- The reprehensive poets were FUJIWARA no Masatsune, MINAMOTO no Tomochika, KAMO no Chomei and Go-Toba in no Kunaikyo, who were mostly newcomers from among the aides of Go-Toba-in; he tried to find new poets to serve the other people, but later on it helped to create a base for the In aide group together with the KUJO Family group and the Mikohidari Family group within Shin Kokin Kajin gun.
- 市松人形の名前の由来としては、顔立ちが江戸時代中期の歌舞伎役者、佐野川市松に似ていたため市松人形と名付けられたと言う説、当時「市松」と言う子供が多かったので、子供の人形と言う意味合いで市松人形と呼ばれたと言う説、市松模様の衣装を着せて売られていたため、市松人形と名付けられたと言う説がある。
- There are three widely held explanations regarding the origin of the name of Ichimatsu ningyo; the name came from Ichimatsu SANOGAWA, a kabuki actor in the mid- Edo period, who resembles the doll in its face, the name carries the connotation of the doll for kids whose prevailing name at that time was 'Ichimatsu,' and it was named so because it was sold with a checkered pattern costume.
- 安土桃山時代後期・江戸初期の後陽成は自分の後継者が豊臣秀吉・徳川家康の2大権力者の思惑により擁立された事に不満を抱き、実子ながらこれらを廃して実弟の八条宮智仁親王に譲位しようとして豊臣政権や江戸幕府と衝突したが、最終的に家康の推す嫡男子の後水尾天皇に譲る事になったが長く親子間の不和が続いた。
- Emperor Goyozei, during the late Azuchi-Momoyama period and early Edo period, was frustrated as his successor was decided by two powerful leaders, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, he allowed his own child to abdicate from the throne and tried to have his younger brother, Hachijonomiya Imperial Prince Toshihito succeed to the throne, however, there was a conflict with the Toyotomi government and Edo bakufu, finally he decided to pass the throne to Emperor Gomizunoo, who was the eldest son and was recommended by Ieyasu, but an unpleasant relationship between the father and son continued.
- だが、実際には同帝の皇子英仁親王(のちの後桃園天皇)が五歳の幼さであった事、桃園天皇治世末期に生じた竹内式部一件(宝暦事件)では、天皇が幼い頃から自分に付き従っていた側近達を擁護して側近達の追放を要請した摂関家との対立関係に陥った事から、英仁親王が即位した場合に同じ事が繰り返される事が憂慮された。
- However when the Takenouchi Shikibu incident (the Horeki Incident) occurred, Emperor Momozono protected his aides who worked for him since his childhood and it caused conflict between members of the family eligible for regents and chancellors who demanded the aides be expelled from their positions, as the Emperor had his Prince Hidehito (later known as Emperor Gomomozono) who was five years old, it was concerned that the same thing might happen to the Prince after his enthronement.
- また、法の名称そのものではなく、何か名前が出てこない法の形容部分である「かけまくもかしこき近江の大津の宮にあめのしたしらしめし大倭根子天皇の天地とともに長く日月とともに遠く改めるまじき常の典と立てたまひ敷きたまへる」というような長い形容の中から、現代の学者が一部を抜き出して使う語が「不改常典」である。
- The word 'Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten' is not the name of the code itself, but the word extracted by present scholars from a part of a long adjective phrase qualifying a certain code whose name is not mentioned, as follows: '[the code] that His majesty Oyamatoneko no Sumera Mikoto (referring to an emperor), who resides in the highly respectable and noble Omi-no-Otsu-no-Miya Palace, established as the irreversible and eternal code, which should not be modified as long as the universe exists and as eternal as the sun and the moon shed light.'
- 後に頼通の娘藤原寛子入内に際して、内親王がこのまま中宮でよいと言ったという話が『栄花物語』に見えるが、これは先帝後朱雀天皇の後宮で同じく中宮であった禎子内親王(章子内親王には母方の従姉妹にあたる)が頼通の養女藤原嫄子の立后で皇后に押し上げられ、宮中入りもままならなかった状況を見ていたためでもあるだろう。
- When FUJIWARA no Kanshi (Hiroko), a daughter of Yorimichi, made her bridal entry into the court in later times, 'Eiga monogatari' (Tale of Flowering Fortunes) described that the Princess said she would continue to be the second consort of an emperor, but it was because she saw the situation where Princess Teishi (Yoshiko/Sadako - maternal cousin of Imperial Princess Shoshi (Akiko)), the second consort of the former Emperor Gosuzaku at the inner palace, was forced to become an empress by the order from FUJIWARA no Genshi, adopted daughter of Yorimichi, and barely entered the Imperial Court.
- 3世紀中葉以降に見られる前方後円墳の登場は日本列島における統一的な政権の成立を示唆しており、このときに成立した王朝が天皇家の祖先だとする説や、弥生時代の近畿地方にあった場合の邪馬台国の卑弥呼の系統を天皇家の祖先とする説、天皇家祖先の王朝は4世紀に成立したとする説、など多くの説が提出されており定まっていない。
- Many theories, such as a theory stating that the appearance of large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds seen in and after middle 3rd century suggests the establishment of unified government in the Japanese Islands, and the dynasty established at that time were the ancestors of the Imperial Family, a theory regarding the lineage of Himiko of the Yamatai Kingdom, if it existed in the Kinki region of the Yayoi period, as the ancestors of the Imperial Family, and a theory stating that the dynasty of the ancestors of the Imperial Family was established in 4th century, has been presented, and has not been settled.
- 「ようよう立艶姿に伊達風流股立袴すそ高くたつたの川にあらねとも紅葉の顔に薄化粧浅黄羽織の紐きやしやに結ひとめたる恋の括り目は在原の業平もあんまりよそには御座んすまいやりたい金やりたい小指かはるなかはらし二世までとかはす枕ににくまれて浮世も後生も後の日も思ひの淵に身は沈むさてもさても見事な御器量てあるわいな」。
- Oh! Oh! How amorous his standing pose is, with his skirts kilted high in an elegant men's style, with his lightly made-up face having autumnal tint like crimson foliage, and with delicately tied braids of his drape of pale yellow, who must not be far from ARIWARA no Narihira, a typical man of handsome feature, alluring his fans to spend money and to lock their pinky fingers to his, while he desires no change forever until next generation, staying together in bed, playing a bad guy for pillows, sinking himself on the verge of thinking in this and another worlds in future days.
- しかしこの宣言は、戦前戦中に「修身」の教科書などで国民が意識していた“日本国民は優秀な民族であり、世界の支配者たるべき立場にある”という概念を否定する文脈にあること、詔書の冒頭において「五箇条の御誓文」を掲げていることに見られるように、かならずしも従来の天皇のありかたそのものを否定するものでは無かったとする説もあった。
- There was a theory stating that this declaration, seen as denying that, 'Japanese people are a perfect race in position to rule the world,' which was promoted to the people before and during the war through textbooks of 'Shushin' (moral training), etc., and having a 'Charter Oath of Five Articles' declared at the beginning of Shosho (Imperial edict), not necessarily denied completely the way the Emperor existed in the past.
- 欠史八代を史実の反映と見る立場からは、書紀の記述によると、神武天皇が畿内で即位後は畿内周辺の狭い領域のことしか出てこないが、崇神天皇の代になって初めて、日本の広範囲の出来事の記述が出てくるので、神武天皇から開化天皇までは畿内の地方政権の域を出ず、崇神天皇の代になって初めて日本全国規模の政権になったのではと考える説もある。
- Descriptions in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki after the enthronement of Emperor Jinmu are limited to the Kinai region (region around Kyoto and Nara) and its surrounding areas until Emperor Sujin, after whose enthronement descriptions of events in various other areas in Japan appear. Based on these descriptions, some of those who regard the eight undocumented generations of emperors as genuine historical figures argue that the ancient Yamato government was a local power during the period between Emperor Jinmu and Emperor Kaika and established its power nationwide only in the generation of Emperor Sujin.
- 南朝から北朝への神器の引渡し、国衙領を大覚寺統、長講堂領を持明院統の領地とする事、皇位は両統迭立とする(後亀山天皇の子である小倉宮実仁親王の立太子)事など3か条を条件に和睦が成立し、1392年(明徳3年/元中9年)に後亀山天皇は京都へ赴いて、大覚寺にて後小松天皇と会見して神器を譲渡し、南朝が解消される形で南北朝合一は成立した。
- After there were three agreements settled such as passing the three sacred treasures from the Southern Court to the Northern Court, a governorship that was to belong to the Daikakuji Imperial line and the Chokodo possessions were to belong to the Jimyoin Imperial line, and Imperial succession would be shared by both Courts, (Emperor Gokameyama's son, Oguranomiya Imperial Prince Sanehito was going to become Crown Prince) in 1392 Emperor Gokameyama went to Kyoto to see Emperor Gokomatsu at the Daikaku-ji Temple, and to pass the three sacred treasures, there was the unity of the Southern and Northern Courts, although Imperial succession was succeeded by the Northern Court this time, not by the Southern Court.
- 『先代旧事本紀』では「三世孫 天日方奇日方命 亦名 阿田都久志尼命 此命娶日向賀牟度美良姬 生一男一女 兒 健飯勝命 妹 渟中底姬命 此命 片鹽浮穴宮天皇 安寧 片鹽浮穴宮 或本坐輕地曲峽宮 立為皇后 誕生四兒 即 大日本根子彥耜友天 懿德 次 常津命 次 磯城津彥命 次 手研彥奇友背命也」とあり渟中底姬命といい、天日方奇日方命の娘。
- In 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History), she is described as a daughter of Amehikatakushihikata no mikoto, called Nunasokohime no mikoto, as the following phrase describes:三世孫 天日方奇日方命 亦名 阿田都久志尼命 此命娶日向賀牟度美良姬 生一男一女 兒 健飯勝命 妹 渟中底姬命 此命 片鹽浮穴宮天皇 安寧 片鹽浮穴宮 或本坐輕地曲峽宮 立為皇后 誕生四兒 即 大日本根子彥耜友天 懿德 次 常津命 次 磯城津彥命 次 手研彥奇友背命也 (意味不明のため訳出不能).
- 平家滅亡時に救出されて帰京するが、都では既に後鳥羽天皇が即位していた(ちなみに『増鏡』では、守貞親王と尊成親王(後鳥羽天皇)が後白河法皇の前に呼ばれて、すぐに法皇に懐いた尊成が皇位に立てられたとする記述があるが、実際に尊成とともに呼ばれたのは守貞親王の異母弟惟明親王(高倉天皇第三皇子)といわれており、これについては『増鏡』作者による「演出説」と「勘違い説」に分かれている)。
- He was saved and went back to Kyoto when the Taira clan died out, however Emperor Gotoba had already succeeded to the throne in Kyoto. (in 'Masukagami' (The Clear Mirror) it is said Imperial Prince Morisada and Imperial Prince Takahira (Emperor Gotoba) were called in by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, and Takahira, who took to the Emperor before Morisada, was appointed to succeed to the throne, however there was another theory that it was Morisada's half younger brother, Imperial Prince Koreaki (Emperor Takakura's third Prince) who was called with Takahira, but there were two different theories of the author of 'Masukagami,' one was 'the direction theory' and another one was 'the misunderstanding theory.'
- 元正天皇即位当時、首皇子は14歳であり「首皇子が幼かったために中継ぎとして即位した」という説は成立しないとの説もある。(ただ、当時の朝廷の動勢(長屋王や藤原不比等など)により、年齢的に即位は不安と見られたとの説もある。)また、元正天皇は母の元明天皇の子としてではなく、父である草壁皇子の子として即位しているが、草壁皇子自身も父に天武天皇、母に持統天皇をもつ男女双系天皇であった。
- Another theory denies the theory that `Emperor Gensho ascended as a relay because the Prince Obito was only fourteen years old at the time Emperor Gensho ascended to the throne. (There is a theory that the issues of the imperial court at that time; including issues concerning Prince Nagaya or FUJIWARA no Fuhito, didn't allow the prince Obito to ascend to the throne considering his age). Also, Emperor Gensho ascended to the throne as a child of his father, Prince Kusakabe, not as a child of his mother, Emperor Genmei, however, Prince Kusakabe himself was also Male & Female-line Emperor having Emperor Tenmu for his father and Emperor Jito for his mother.
- 伊勢神宮を建立したときの天照大神から倭姫命への神託は、『日本書紀』垂仁天皇25年春3月丁亥朔丙申条では「是神風伊勢國 則常世之浪重浪歸國也 傍國可怜國也 欲居是國」、『倭姫命世記』では「是神風伊勢國 即常世之浪重浪皈國也 傍國可怜國也 欲居是國」であり、神風(かむかぜ)の伊勢の国は常世の波の敷浪の帰(よ)する国、方国(かたくに)の美まし国なり。この国におらんと欲(おも)ふ と伝えられている。
- It is written in both the Nihon Shoki and 'Yamatohime no Mikoto Seiki' (Chronicles of Yamatohime no Mikoto) that when Ise Shrine was erected, Yamatohime no Mikoto was given an oracle by the great sun goddess Amaterasu Omikami that Ise Province, where divine winds blow, is a beautiful place where waves from all around the world lap on its shore and that the goddess will stay in this province forever.
- 京漆器の特徴は薄手の木地に漆と澱粉糊で麻布を貼って補強し、その上に京都市山科区から産出する「山科地之粉」「山科砥之粉」等を漆で練り合わせてペースト状にした「地錆漆」「錆漆」という下地材を何層にもわたって塗り重ね、さらに器の角の部分をより鋭角を際立たせ、丈夫にするために補強する「くくり錆」という工程をはさみ、黒や赤のうるしを塗り重ねていくという「本堅地」という漆工芸において最も基本的な製作工程にある。
- The characteristics of Kyo-shikki is 'Honkataji,' the most basic process of manufacturing lacquer craftworks in which thin wood grain is reinforced with hemp attached to it by using lacquer and starch glue, layers of foundation called 'Jisabiurushi' and 'Sabiurushi,' which is a kind of paste made from 'Yamashina Jinoko' and 'Yamashina Tonoko'both produced in Yamashina Ward, Kyoto City and mixed together with lacquer, are applied onto the reinforced wood grain, and, after a process called 'Kukurisabi' in which the corners of the artifact are reinforced for the purpose of strengthening and making the sharp edge sharper, black and red lacquer is applied onto it layer by layer.
- しかし、1907年以来の政府の皇族増加抑制策は、明治維新前後の時期に新たに興された各宮家が、いわゆる「四親王家」とは異なり、元来は世襲を予定しなかったにもかかわらず、天皇の「特旨」などによって漸次永世皇族に移行してゆき、結局、皇室典範での永世皇族制の成立に結びついた経緯への反省を踏まえたものでもあり、宮家の不足も生じていなかったことから天皇の大権を発動して例外をつくるケースが実際に発生したとは考えにくい。
- However, the government policy to halt the increasing numbers of Imperial members since 1907, was established after reflecting on the experience of each new Miyake established before and after the Meiji Restoration, that were different from the 'four Imperial Prince families' that were not originally planned as hereditary families, they gradually became the permanent Imperial Family by the order of the Emperor, since there was no shortage of Miyake, it is hard to think that there was a case when Emperor had to make an exception by using the Emperor's Taiken (Emperor's right).
- また、天皇が道長を関白とせずに内覧に留めたのは、天皇自身が長ずるにつれ、曽祖父の醍醐天皇・祖父の村上天皇のように、摂政関白を置かずに親政する事を志したのと、道長自身も、当時閣議に出られない決まりがある摂政関白よりも、内覧を兼ねたまま一上(閣員の首座)として実権を掌握しようとした事が一致した為で、これにより、後に大江匡房が『続本朝往生伝』で藤原実資や藤原行成等の有能な人材を輩出したと称えたほど、有為な政治体制が確立した。
- The Emperor decided that Michinaga would be nairan (chief secretary) instead of kampaku (chief adviser) to the Emperor, once he became older, since he wanted to run the government directly instead of having a regent and kampaku, like his great-grandfather Emperor Daigo and his grandfather, Emperor MurakamiI; on the other hand, Michinaga agreed to be nairan and also the head of various sections to control the government, since the regent and kampaku weren't entitled to attend the meetings of the Cabinet; thus a strong political framework was set up and OE no Masahusa acknowledged through 'Zoku Honcho Ojoden,' with which talented people like FUJIWARA no Sanesuke and FUJIWARA no Yukinari were produced.
- 後世においては製造に高度な技術を必要として製造経費もかかる白紙ではなく、低廉で非常時の綸旨発給に備えやすい中古紙からの再生紙である薄墨紙(宿紙/漉返紙)が用紙として用いられるようになり、後に綸旨には薄墨紙用いる事を書式とする慣例が成立したために、薄墨紙を「綸旨紙」、綸旨自体を「薄墨綸旨」と呼ぶ例も見られるようになった(ただし、天皇から蔵人頭・蔵人以外の官人(弁官など)に対して作成・発給が命じられた場合には薄墨紙は用いられていない)。
- In the later age, usuzumi gami (gray paper) (shukushi (recycled paper) or sukigaeshi gami (paper made from dissolved paper), recycled paper made from used paper, which was inexpensive and easy to be stocked for urgent issuance of rinji, came to be used instead of white paper whose manufacturing cost was expensive because an advanced technique was required for manufacturing, and thereafter it became a custom to use usuzumi gami for rinji as a documentary format; therefore, in some cases, usuzumi gami was called 'rinji gami' (rinji paper), and rinji itself was called 'usuzumi rinji' (however, usuzumi gami was not used for rinji which was created and issued by the Emperor to government officials (esp. low to medium rank) (such as benkan, etc.) other than Kurodo no to (Head Chamberlain) and Kurodo).