礼: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 同格礼装
- Appositional formal dress
- 日本の婚礼
- Marriage ceremony in Japan
- 葬礼の様式
- Type of funeral ceremony
- 如是礼法。
- You will have such manners.
- 大牟礼合戦
- Omure kassen (Omure battle)
- 祭礼の牛鬼
- Ushioni in festivals
- 儀礼折り紙
- Girei origami (ceremonial paper folding)
- 即位礼ノ勅語
- The Imperial message at the Enthronement Ceremony
- 臣下の礼をとる
- pay homage to somebody
- 男性の略礼装。
- This is an informal court dress for a man.
- 礼服 (宮中)
- Formal attire (in the Imperial court)
- Raifuku (the Imperial Court)
- 男子礼服の構成
- Composition of the Male Raifuku
- 女子礼服の構成
- Structure of the Raifuku for Women
- 斉礼(十六代)
- Narinori (the sixteenth family head)
- 大牟礼山の戦い
- Omure san no tatakai (Mt. Omure battle)
- お先に失礼します
- pardon me for leaving (first) (used when leaving a workplace while others remain)
- 儀礼としての手刀
- Tegatana as Etiquette
- 書院 室礼の規則
- 'Shoin (reception room)' is about the rules for shitsurai (putting decorations suitable for the season or ritual in appropriate indoor places).
- 礼冠(らいかん)
- Raikan (ceremonial headdress)
- 主従関係と無礼討
- Relationship between lord and vassal and Bureiuchi
- イスラム教の巡礼
- Pilgrimages in Islam
- 日本における巡礼
- Pilgrimages in Japan
- キリスト教の巡礼
- Pilgrimages in Christianity
- 宗教(祭礼・儀式)
- Religion (rites and festivals, and ceremonies)
- 明治天皇の即位の礼
- Sokui no rei of Emperor Meiji
- 別名を無礼討とも。
- It is also called 'burei-uchi.'
- 白衣 (巡礼用品)
- Byakue Costumes (for pilgrimage)
- 祭礼や寺社との関わり
- Relationship with Festivals, Shrines and Temples
- 日本の儀礼のひとつ。
- An element of Japanese etiquette.
- 茶漬けにまつわる儀礼
- Manners related to chazuke
- これを大巡礼と言う。
- This is called the 'Haji.'
- 人生・儀礼 (6件)
- Life and rites (6)
- 神事や祭礼としての弓矢
- Yumiya as Shinto rituals and rites and festivals
- 「山野礼祭」とも書く。
- Sanyare-sai Festival (幸在祭) can also be written as 山野礼祭 using different characters.
- 即位礼正殿の儀おことば
- The Imperial message at the Enthronement Ceremony
- 即位の礼の皇后と同じ。
- Same as the Empress at the ceremony of the enthronement.
- 人生・儀礼 (15件)
- Life and ceremony (15 entities)
- Life and rites (15)
- 婚礼の儀と即位礼に使用。
- Used hiogi at marriage ceremony and ceremony of the enthronement.
- 九州王朝の春の祭礼の歌説
- View that Kimigayo was the song for spring festival of the Kyushu Dynasty
- 祭礼(信仰) (89件)
- Rites and festivals (religious belief) (89 entities)
- Festivals (religious faiths) (89)
- 祭礼(信仰) (54件)
- Festivals (religious faiths) (54)
- 山本礼三郎プロダクション
- Yamamoto Reizaburo Productions
- 礼服の場合は象牙を用いる。
- Ivory is used for the raifuku.
- 今上天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of the present Emperor
- 大正天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of Emperor Taisho
- 昭和天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of Emperor Showa
- ワキ 貴一同に礼する其音は
- Waki: Since all raise their voices in their worship of the Emperor at once, their voices
- 唐の礼法をまねたものである。
- It is based on the manners of the Tang Dynasty.
- 民間の祭礼などで演じられる舞
- Mai performed at festivals of the people
- 『山科家礼記』 大沢久守ら著
- 'Yamashinake Raiki' by Hisamori Osawa and others
- 厳格に定型化された礼式は無い。
- There is no strictly fixed etiquette.
- 十六代当主 徳川斉礼 (水戸)
- The sixteenth family head: Narinori TOKUGAWA (Mito City)
- 大正天皇即位による大礼使総裁。
- Then, he served the Taireishi Sousai (president of the administrative organization to oversee an imperial or state ceremony) as the president when the Emperor Taisho had his enthronement ceremony.
- 京都市民の即位の礼に対する思い
- The feelings of people of Kyoto City for Sokui no rei
- 各地の神社で祭礼として行われる。
- It is conducted as a festival in shrines around the country.
- 成人を祝う儀礼は古くからあった。
- A ceremony celebrating the attainment of manhood has been held since the ancient times.
- その返礼として禄物が授けられる。
- In return, money or textiles were given as a salary.
- 即位の礼 1915年11月10日
- Sokui no rei: November 10, 1915
- 京都御所南面正門は建礼門である。
- The southern main gate of the Kyoto Imperial Palace is the Kenrei Gate.
- 祇園祭礼信仰記(信仰記、金閣寺)
- Gion Sairei Shinkoki (Gion Honoring Story, Golden Pavilion) (Shinkoki, Kinkaku-ji Temple)
- 儀礼的か実戦的かの性格による分類。
- Classification by character; ceremonial and practical
- 「文射・礼射」・「武射」の2側面。
- Two aspects of 'Bunsha and Reisha' or 'Busha.'
- 宋濂は明朝の礼制の制定に尽力した。
- So Ren (Song Lian) made efforts to establish the Li-system for the Ming Dynasty.
- 半裃よりさらに鄭重な礼装とされた。
- It was regarded as a more courteous formal dress than the han-kamishimo.
- 半裃よりさらに略式の礼装とされる。
- Compared with the han-kamishimo, it is regarded as an even more abbreviated formal dress.
- 祭礼内容は地鎮祭、上棟式、竣工式。
- Rites and festivals include jichinsai (ground-breaking ceremony), jotoshiki, and shunkoshiki (ceremony of completion).
- 鎌倉時代、直垂は武家の礼服になった。
- During the Kamakura period, Hitatare became the formal clothing for the military family.
- 明治の大礼...総費用4万3800両
- Tairei of Meiji: total cost 43,800 Ryo (unit of currency)
- ただし婚礼には松梅鶴なども使用した。
- The design of pine, plum, and crane was also used in hiogi for marriage ceremonies.
- 鎌倉時代以来、礼服化していった直垂。
- Since the Kamakura period, hitatare had become a full-dress.
- 毎年7月28日に祭礼が執り行われる。
- Rites and festivals are held on July 28th every year.
- 本来の儀式はこうした礼儀作法を指す。
- Gishiki meant the rules and customs in their original sense.
- 幕府からの返礼使は対馬藩が代行した。
- The Tshushima domain sent a return-call envoy to Korea instead of the bakufu.
- さらに田中角栄の礼賛で有名になった。
- He further became famous by praising Kakuei TANAKA.
- 平安中期には儀礼として完成していた。
- It reached completion as a ceremonial song in the mid Heian period.
- 日本では帯初めという通過儀礼もあった。
- In Japan, there was a rite of passage called Obizome.
- 礼装するときは必ず国民服の上衣を着た。
- The Joi national uniform was required for occasions of in full dress.
- 練習に使うものと祭礼に使うものがある。
- There are two kinds of matoya, one for practice and another for rites and festivals.
- There are two kinds of matoyumi, one for practice and another for rites and festivals.
- 士分の正装であり、庶民の礼装であった。
- It was a formal dress for the samurai class, and commoners.
- 1928年:昭和天皇即位礼が行われる。
- 1928: The enthronement ceremony of the Emperor Showa was held.
- 1915年:大正天皇即位礼が行われる。
- 1915: The enthronement ceremony of the Emperor Taisho was held.
- 現在では祭礼時に奉仕者が着用している。
- Nowadays, suo may be worn by a minister at rites and festivals.
- 大変恐縮ですが失礼させていただきます。
- I'm very sorry, but please excuse me.
- 観音霊場巡礼の場合には南無観世音菩薩。
- For pilgrimage of the sacred place of Kannnon, 南無観世音菩薩 (Namu Kanzeon Bosatsu) is used.
- 昔は巡礼の際に観音像を背負って歩いた。
- In the past people walked with Kannnon-zo (statute of the Goddess of Kannon) on their back during pilgrimage.
- おさよは父西心ともども巡礼の旅に出る。
- Osayo and her father Saishin go on a pilgrimage.
- 阿波国の巡礼の風習が広まったとも言う。
- Some say this came from pilgrimage manners that spread from Awa Province.
- やがて、神社にも巡礼がさかんになった。
- Later, pilgrimages to shrines also came to be performed actively.
- 古くから「礼の小笠原」と讃えられてきた。
- From ancient times, it has been praised as 'Ogasawara of etiquette.'
- 秋に新穀を供えて神を祭る稲作儀礼である。
- It is a ritual of rice farming held in the autumn, at which the Emperor worships deities by offering newly harvested rice.
- そして三十三所巡礼は忘れ去られていった。
- The Saigoku Sanjusankasho Junrei was gradually forgotten.
- 明治40年(1907年) 遣英答礼大使。
- In 1907, The Emperor Meiji sent Prince Sadanaru to England; Prince Sadanaru was a torei (return salute) ambassador.
- 女院号は恭礼門院(きょうらいもんいん)。
- Her nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the emperor or a woman of comparable standing) was Kyoraimonin.
- 即日院号授与され、以降は恭礼門院となる。
- She was given the Ingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the emperor or a woman of comparable standing) on the same day, and was called Kyoraimonin thereafter.
- お梶親子は早速主人の放免に社へお礼詣り。
- Okaji and her son immediately visited a shrine to pray for her husband's discharge.
- 宇礼志岐(賀茂女御) - 賀茂県主重助女
- Ureshiki (Kamo nyogo) - the daughter of Sigesuke KAMOAGATANUSHI
- そのため礼儀作法が非常に重視されている。
- For this purpose, they attached great importance to etiquette and formality.
- 神社の祭礼において練り出される山車の一種。
- A kind of dashi (float) carried in parades for shrine rites and festivals.
- 奈良時代の朝会は現在の朝礼の意味ではない。
- The Chokai during the Nara period does not mean the morning meetings generally held in Modern Japan.
- 巡礼鈴(じゅんれいすず)、振鈴(しんれい)
- Junrei-suzu, Shinrei
- 写経の代わりに納経札を納める巡礼者もいる。
- Some pilgrims leave the nokyo-fuda (prayer paper) at each temple instead of the shakyo.
- 会所では主に闘茶と、時には茶礼が催された。
- Mainly Tocha and occasionally Sarei was performed in Kaisho.
- この下に表着や重ね袿を着て、略礼装とした。
- Outer garment and kasane-uchiki (a series of brightly colored unlined robes) were worn underneath Kouchigi for semi-formal attire.
- 親王妃:勲一等宝冠章‐結婚の礼を行う当日。
- Consorts of Imperial Princes: the First Order of the Precious Crown (Kunitto Hokansho), on the day of the wedding ceremonies.
- 婚礼時の結納品として、束ね熨斗が用いられる。
- Tabane noshi are used as ornaments for betrothal gifts.
- 切腹人は、検視役に黙礼し、右から肌脱ぎする。
- The seppukunin would silently bow to the coroner and bear the waist by removing the robe from the right.
- - 折り紙の歴史の項目「儀礼折り紙」を参照。
- Refer to the 'Girei origami' (ceremoniarl paper folding) section in the history of origami.
- 黒漆彩色華形大壇・黒漆箱形礼盤(愛染堂所在)
- Kurourushisaishoku hanagata odan (literally, black lacquer colored flower-shape large stage) and kurourushi hakogatareiban (literally, black lacquer box-shape reiban (seat for chief priest)(stored in Aizendo)
- 即位の礼 同年8月27日(同年10月12日)
- Sokui no rei: August 27 of the same year (October 12 of the same year)
- 単に儀礼的なことだって場合によってはあった。
- It was simply a ritualistic process in some cases.
- また各地の殉教者記念堂も巡礼の対象となった。
- Martyriums at various places were also destinations for pilgrimages.
- これは武士として最期に礼を尽くす解釈である。
- The above is based on the interpretation that a samurai should observe the proprieties until the last moment of his life.
- 「さきほどの失礼のおわびに酒をもってきた。」
- I've got sake for you as an apology for our rudeness.'
- 七月の暑い盛り、高津神社の祭礼の宵宮である。
- The eve of a festival vigil at Takatsu-jinja Shrine in the heat of July.
- 袞衣は、袞服、冕服、天子御礼服とも呼ばれる。
- Kone is also called Konfuku, Benfuku or Tenshi-Go-raifuku.
- それは周代の儀礼を受け継いだものとも言われる。
- It is said to have come down from the ritual in the Zhou Dynasty.
- 挨拶を済ませた後、勧められたら礼を述べて座る。
- After greetings are over and the host offers the zabuton, the guest thanks the host and then sits down.
- 例えば能楽では能管、民謡や多くの祭礼では篠笛。
- For example, it means Nohkan in the case of Noh and shinobue in the cases of folk music as well as many of rites and festivals.
- 公家の間では食礼式や料理の流派が発達していた。
- Among kuge (court nobles), schools concerning eating etiquette and cooking methods developed.
- 一般家庭には、礼装の和服を洗濯する技術がない。
- An ordinary household does not have the technique for washing formal wear Wafuku.
- 礼の小笠原に対し、「射の日置」と称されてきた。
- As opposed to Ogasawara of etiquette, it has been called 'Heki of technique.'
- 遺族は席を回って一人一人にお礼の言葉を述べる。
- The mourner goes round the table to thank every attendant.
- 弓馬術礼法小笠原流や小笠原流煎茶道などがある。
- The school teaches the Ogasawara style of archery, horsemanship and etiquette, and the Ogasawara Tea Ceremony.
- 合戦後ほどなく建礼門院は出家し大原に隠棲した。
- Immediately after the battle, Tokuko became a nun and began a secluded life in Ohara.
- - 祭礼は大津祭と呼ばれ、湖国三大祭のひとつ。
- Its festival is called Otsu-matsuri Festival, which is one of the Big Three Festival of Lake Countries.
- ここでは、前者の宗教的観点からの巡礼を述べる。
- Here we discuss pilgrimages according to the first definition.
- 伊勢貞丈『軍礼抄』に、以下のような記述がある。
- In Sadatake ISE's 'Gunreisho' (Extracts of Military Honors) there is a following description.
- また座布団を足で踏むのはかなり失礼な行為となる。
- Trampling down a zabuton cushion is considered more than a bit impolite.
- 正介錯人は、切腹人に対して名を名乗り、一礼する。
- The main kaishakunin would say his name to the seppukunin and bow.
- 祭囃子・神楽等の祭礼を盛り上げるのに欠かせない。
- It is essential to enhance the atmosphere of rites and festivals such as matsuri-bayashi, (Japanese music) and kagura.
- 「力士と士たる者との勝負を所望するのは失礼だ。」
- 'Kanzaemon reacted in a justifiable manner.'
- 外部からの訪問者もこれに準じるのが礼節とされる。
- They expect visitors from outside the brewery also follow this as good manners.
- 荀況(荀子)は性悪説を唱えて礼治主義を主張した。
- Junkyo (Junshi (Xun Zi)) advocated the ethical doctrine that human nature is fundamentally evil and insisted on the principle of the rule by virtue of courtesy.
- 礼銭・一献料はその性質上、様々な別名が存在する。
- The reisen and ikkenryo were, by their very nature, called according to different names.
- 礼法に関しては小笠原流を参考にしていると思われる。
- The ceremonial style seems to refer to that of Ogasawara school.
- 礼堂/釈迦如来立像/鎌倉時代/清凉寺式/重文/秘仏
- A standing statue of Shaka Nyorai in the Rai-do hall (a worship hall): A Seiryo-ji Temple style, sculpted in the Kamakura period, designated as an Important Cultural Property, a Buddhist statue normally withheld from public view
- 元来の仏教は、葬送儀礼を重視する宗教ではなかった。
- Buddhism was originally not a religion which emphasized funeral rites.
- 一方で『周礼』を「六国陰謀の書」として斥けている。
- On the other hand, he rejected 'Rites of Zhou' as 'a book of conspiracy by the six nations.'
- 明治維新後、明治17年7月広幡忠礼は侯爵位を賜る。
- After the Meiji Restoration, Tadaaya HIROHATA was given the title of marquis in July 1884.
- この2つを「家人」・「家礼(けらい)」と区別する。
- These two were labeled apart as the 'Kenin' (retainers) and 'Karei' (courtesy among cultured people).
- 建礼門院が懐妊したため、平清盛が恩赦を出したのだ。
- TAIRA no Kiyomori had granted amnesty because of Kenreimonin's pregnancy.
- 神社の場合は再拝二拍手 (神道)一拝(拝は深い礼)。
- At a shrine, bow twice, clap hands twice, and then bow once (all being deep bows).
- 祭礼(さいれい)もしくは祭祀(さいし)とも呼ばれる。
- It is also called Sairei (rites and festivals) or Saishi (religious service).
- 錦などでも仕立てられ、外出着や略礼装にも用いられる。
- Nishiki (brocade) is also used as material, and such products are used for street clothes and semi formal dresses.
- 儀礼的な色合いが濃い料理であり、明治以降は衰退した。
- Provided with a strongly ceremonial atmosphere, these dishes declined during the Meiji period and later.
- 文射とは礼射ともいい、弓射の儀礼としての側面である。
- Bunsha is also called Reisha, which shows an aspect of the Yumiire ceremony.
- 通常の霊場巡礼と異なり、札所番号は定められていない。
- Contrary to ordinary pilgrimages to reijo, no number is given to the reijo where the pilgrimage is to be made.
- 正教会の奉神礼(礼拝)は立って行うことが基本である。
- It is normal in the Orthodox Church that Hoshinrei (liturgy) (worship) is observed with those present to stay standing.
- 彼らは音韻学・文字学・校勘学や礼学などに長じていた。
- They excelled in phonology, ideographic science, literal revision science, and courtesy science.
- 現在に残る狩猟や、競技や武芸、神事や祭礼としての弓矢
- Yumiya for present hunting, games, military arts, Shinto rituals, rites and festivals
- 神事としての的矢において金的や銀的から矢を抜く儀礼。
- A ceremony to remove an arrow from kinteki or ginteki (銀的) in the matoya ceremony during Shinto rituals.
- 礼服は熨斗目・白帷子、平服は黒縮緬の羽織・無紋の袴。
- Their formal suit was noshime (a kind of kimono)/shiro-katabira (light white hemp garment) and their normal suit was a black crepe haori (Japanese half-coat)/hakama (pleated trousers) with no family crest.
- 物品で献上される場合には礼物(れいもつ)と呼ばれる。
- The word 'reimotsu' was used when non-cash gifts were presented.
- 祭礼においては、祭る側の参加者も神酒を頂くことが多い。
- In rites and festivals, participants on the enshrining side also usually receive miki.
- そのお礼に役小角が里人に渡したソバの種が発祥とされる。
- It is said that, as a gesture of thanks, Enno Ozunu gave the village people some buckwheat seed which was the origin of buckwheat grown in the area.
- もっとも一般的な結びかたで、礼装の場合にも用いられる。
- This is the most common knotting method and can also be used for formal dress.
- 射礼・騎射(後に競馬)と並んで「三度節」とも呼ばれた。
- The event was part of what was known as the 'three occasions' along with the Jarai archery ceremony and horseback archery (later on horse racing).
- 礼装しない場合は「適宜」とだけ指定される部分が増える。
- For occasions other than requiring full dress, clothes were only specified as 'discretionary.'
- こうした行事は朝廷や幕府の弓射儀礼に由来するとされる。
- These events are considered to originate from Yumiire/Kyusha girei (shooting ceremony) of the Imperial court and bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 特に年初の的始(後には射礼と称された)は重要とされた。
- Especially, a high value was placed upon Mato-hajime (first shoot in the beginning of the year - later called Jarai).
- 第二十四条 皇位の継承があつたときは、即位の礼を行う。
- Article 24. When imperial throne is succeeded, the Sokui-no-rei (ceremony of the enthronement) shall be held.
- 礼儀として、笑うときに歯が見えないように口の前を覆う。
- It is a polite way to cover the mouth hiding the teeth with a Sensu when laughing.
- 蘇我稲目に仏像を授けて私的な礼拝や寺の建立を許可した。
- He gave a Buddha statue to SOGA no Iname and allowed him to worship it in private and build a temple.
- 仏典に節をつけたもので儀礼に用いられる宗教音楽である。
- It is a chant of Buddhist scriptures and a religious music for ceremonies.
- 大正の大礼...総予算853万8357円(当時の金額)
- The tairei of Taisho: General budget, 8,538,357 yen (amount at that time)
- 建礼門(けんれいもん)は、内裏の外郭門のひとつである。
- The Kenrei-mon Gate is one of the outside gates in the Imperial Palace.
- 巡礼と同じような意味の言葉に巡拝(じゅんぱい)がある。
- A similar word to pilgrimage is the word, 'Junpai' (circuit pilgrimage).
- 翌年には日本と和解し、回礼使として宋希璟が派遣された。
- The following year a peace treaty was concluded between Japan and Korea, and Hui Gyeong SONG (also known as Nosongdang) was sent as special envoy.
- 冠婚葬祭などの儀礼や改まった年中行事の場として用いる。
- The room is used to conduct rituals on ceremonial occasions for the coming of age, marriage, funeral and ancestral worship, and annual ceremonies.
- その際の礼状があったが、昭和28年の大水害で失われた。
- There were a letter of thanks for his instruction; however, it was lost by the flood disaster in 1953.
- 礼装などに用いられるほか、能装束の大口袴は一文字に結ぶ。
- The straps of a wide-sleeved hakama (pleated and divided skirt made in fine stripes) for Noh costume are knotted so that they form a straight line which is also used for formal dresses.
- 防寒・礼装などの目的から、長着・小袖の上にはおって着る。
- It is put over a nagagi (full-length garment) or a kosode (standard sized kimono of today) for protection against the cold or as a ceremonial dress.
- 明治に入ってからは東京神田に弓馬術礼法小笠原教場を開設。
- In the Meiji period, Kyubajyutsu Reihou Ogasawara Kyohjyo Ogasawara Kyojo (school of Japanese archery, horsemanship and courtesy) was opened in Kanda, Tokyo.
- 続いて建礼門院ら平氏一門の女たちも次々と海に身を投げる。
- After that, other women of the Taira clan, including Tokiko's daughter Tokuko (also known as Kenreimonin, the Cloistered Lady of Kenrei Gate), threw themselves into the sea one after the other.
- 即位の大礼に係る一連の儀式を終えた旨、奉告し、帰京した。
- He reported that a series of ceremonies involving the tairei of enthronement was finished and then returned to the capital.
- 殯宮の外では諸臣が誄(しのび、しのびごと)の儀礼を行う。
- Outside of the funeral parlor, the retainers perform the ceremony of Shinobi or Shinobigoto.
- 巡礼は多くの旅行者を集めた(『カンタベリー物語』など)。
- Pilgrimages gathered many travelers (as seen in 'Canterbury Tales').
- これは、厳しい旅が続く巡礼中は死と隣り合わせであるから。
- This is because severe journey of pilgrimage is next to death.
- 伏姫の数珠に「仁義礼智忠信孝悌」に代わって浮き出た文字。
- Letters which appeared in Princess Fuse's beads instead of the kanji for humanity, justice, courtesy, wisdom, loyalty, sincerity, filial piety and obedience.
- 神職による修祓、祝詞奏上の後、神前に玉串を捧げて拝礼する。
- After a Shinto priest performs shubatsu (purification ceremony) and chants norito to gods, they present tamagushi (branch of a sacred tree) before the gods and then bow.
- 神社の祭礼・神事として執り行い、神社へ奉納するためのもの。
- Shinji Kasagake became a fixture in shrine religious festivals and events and, fulfilled a role in the dedication of temples.
- 歩射や現在の一般的な弓道でも余興や祭礼・行事等に行われる。
- Hasamimono style archery took place at archery events with archers standing and, at that time at festivals/as general entertainment and standard archery events.
- この左義長は据え置く左義長ではなく、担ぎまわる祭礼である。
- This Sagicho is not stationary but is carried around.
- 拝殿(はいでん) - 祭祀・拝礼を行なうための社殿である。
- Haiden: a pavillion for worship and prayer.
- - 古くは射礼(じゃらい)または武射(かちゆみ)といった。
- It was called Jarai or Kachiyumi in ancient times.
- また袴も、江戸期には礼服として長袴を用いる習慣が生まれた。
- Moreover, also during the Edo period, the custom of wearing long hakama as ceremonial dress was born.
- 藪内流の精神「正直清浄 礼和質朴」は竹心の言葉に由来する。
- The spirit of the Yabunouchi school, 'honesty, purity, courtesy, simplicity', came from the words of Chikushin.
- 後に吉宗は近侍の臣らを持広の弟子として射礼を学ばせている。
- Later Yoshimune have his valets learned jarai as disciples of Mochihiro.
- なおこれらの絵柄は大正天皇の即位礼に際して定められたもの。
- These designs were designated at the ceremony of the enthronement of the Emperor Taisho.
- 無礼な行為とそれに対する正当性を立証する証人も必要とされる
- An offensive act had to be proven and a witness to prove it was required.
- 律令以前の初穂儀礼に由来するのではないか、とする説もある。
- There is a theory that this system might originate in the etiquette of the first years of rice before the enforcement of the Ritsuryo codes.
- 宗族的関係も儀礼を中心としたものに変質したとする説もある。
- Another theory is that the Sozoku-based relations became ceremonial.
- 暗記後は対戦相手、読手の順に礼をしてから競技が始められる。
- After memorizing cards, the players make bows to the opponent and to yomi-te (a person who reads cards in Kyogi Karuta), and the game starts.
- 近畿地方の和泉国・河内国・摂津国地域などの祭礼で見られる。
- It is seen at rites and festivals in areas such as Izumi Province, Kawachi Province and Settsu Province in the Kinki region
- 6.『小笠原諸礼忠孝』(おがさわら しょれいの おくのて)
- 6. 'Ogasawara shorei no okunote'
- 弁士に対して歌舞伎のような礼賛の掛け声がかかることがあった。
- Occasionally, katsudo benshi won a call of praise from the audience, like in Kabuki.
- 一部の寺院における祭礼の際の延年は規模も大きくなっていった。
- The scale of Ennen performed on the occasion of some temples' festival became bigger.
- 女子服飾は長い袂(たもと)の流行から婚礼衣装の振袖ができた。
- As the 'Furisode,' a long-sleeved kimono became popular among women, a bridal costume was also derived from 'Furisode.'
- 「しつらい」には「室礼」とか「舗設」などの漢字を当てている。
- Shitsurai is written as '室礼' or '舗設' in Chinese characters.
- 元々は宮中に於ける宿直用の装束であったが、後に儀礼服化した。
- Originally it was a costume for courtiers on night duty in the Imperial court, but later it became a ceremonial costume.
- 対して、これ以外の月に巡礼することは小巡礼(ウムラ)と言う。
- Pilgrimages in other months are called 'Umrah.'
- 白衣(びゃくえ)とは、霊場巡礼の際に着用する白い上着である。
- Byakue costumes are white jackets worn when people make pilgrimage of sacred ground.
- 香典返しには、会葬御礼と忌明けの報告を兼ねた挨拶状を同梱する。
- A greeting card is enclosed in the koden-gaeshi, which expresses thanks for attending the funeral and announces the end of the mourning period.
- 室町時代には、書院における室礼の形式化にともなって権威化した。
- During the Muromachi period, it was authorized with the formalization of shitsurai (putting decorations suitable for a season or ritual onto an appropriate indoor place) in shoin (reception room).
- 紀元前8世紀頃の「周礼」で、「醤」という漢字が初めて使われた。
- The Chinese character, '醤' was used in 'Rites of Zhou' around the eighth century B.C.
- 最後は「南無帰命頂礼大慈大悲観自在尊」と厳かに唱え締めくくる。
- At last they end up chanting solemnly 'Namukimeichoreidaijidaihikanjizaison.'
- 髷の根に飾り紐を結び礼冠に準じる徴を飾ったものと言う説がある。
- It is held that a decorative cord was tied at the root of the topknot, together with a brooch corresponding to the ceremonial headdress.
- 佐太夫は、たいそう喜び、お礼として帯鞘の山刀を行者に布施する。
- Satayu was overjoyed, and offered the pilgrim an obisaya (obi scabbard) woodman's hatchet as a gift.
- 1928年(昭和3年) - 即位の礼、大嘗祭が京都で行われる。
- 1928: The Sokui no rei (enthronement ceremony) and Daijosai are held in Kyoto.
- 1915年(大正4年) - 即位の礼、大嘗祭が京都で行われる。
- 1915: The Sokui no rei (enthronement ceremony) and Daijosai are held in Kyoto.
- 1990年(平成2年) - 即位の礼、大嘗祭が東京で行われる。
- 1990: The Sokui-no-rei (enthronement ceremony) and Daijosai are held in Tokyo.
- また、他の臨時収入的なものとして礼銭や分一銭などが挙げられる。
- Other special income included Reisen (礼銭) and Buichisen (分一銭).
- 巡礼(じゅんれい)は、聖地を巡るという宗教的行為のことを指す。
- A pilgrimage is a religious act of traveling to holy places.
- その分、休演した本役は相当の謝礼を代役に贈らなければならない。
- In return, the initial actor must give a suitable consideration to the substitute.
- また、佐田岬地域、西予市三瓶町などでも、祭礼に牛鬼が登場する。
- In around Sadamisaki Peninsula (a peninsula in Ehime Prefecture), Mikame-cho in Seiyo City, and other regions, too, Ushioni appear in the festivals.
- 各地域にあり、祭礼の際に地域住民の子供などによって披露される。
- Bo-no-te survives in various regions and is performed by local children at festivals.
- 三度節には、「射礼」と「騎射」、「相撲」の三つの内容があった。
- Sando sechi consisted of three events: jarai (arrow shooting), kisha (arrow shooing on horseback), and sumo.
- 先帝崩御から1年間は服喪期間として即位礼・大嘗祭は行われない。
- The enthronement ceremony and Daijosai are not held during the mourning period, for one year after the death of the previous emperor.
- 講(お伊勢参り・富士講など)、七福神めぐり、巡礼、初詣、彼岸参り
- Ko (group of people professing the same religion) (Oisemairi (pilgrimage to Ise (Shrine)), Fujiko (Devotional Fuji confraternities), etc.), visit to seven gods, pilgrimage, Hatsumode (the first prayer at Shinto shrine and/or temple of the New Year), and higan mairi (visiting a temple or shrine at equinox)
- カトリック教会の典礼暦では待降節初日が一年の始まりとされてきた。
- According to the ritual calendar of the Catholic Church, the first day of the four weeks before the Christmas was the start of a year.
- 訪問着女性用(未婚、既婚の区別なし)の絵羽模様がある礼装である。
- Homongi: Formal wear for married and unmarried women with Ebamoyo.
- 現在、奈良時代の礼服は、「れいふく」ではなく「らいふく」と読む。
- Recently, formal clothing during the Nara period is pronounced 'Raifuku' instead of the ordinary pronunciation 'Reifuku.'
- やがて、寝殿造りの貴族の邸宅にも、室礼が設けられるようになった。
- Later, Shitsurai came to be set up in an aristocrats' residence of Shinden-zukuri as well.
- 室町時代に確立された武家の礼法から始まり江戸時代に発展した形式。
- It began with the manners of the samurai community established in the Muromachi period and developed during the Edo period.
- 今日的な分類では、弓道を武射と礼射に分ける考え方が主流となった。
- In a modern classification, the idea that divided archery into busha (archery for battle) and reisha (archery for ceremony) has become the main common practice.
- 現代日本では京都などで観光用や祭礼用として利用されることもある。
- In modern Japan, it is sometimes used for tourists or for festivals in Kyoto and other cities.
- もともとは宗教儀礼でのタブーや伝統的な習慣・制度を意味していた。
- It originally referred to taboos in religious courtesy or traditional practices and systems.
- 平安宮の内裏外郭の南東端に位置し、建礼門を挟んで修明門と対する。
- The Shunka-mon gate was located at the end of the south east side of the outer wall of the Imperial Palace and paired up with shumei-mon gate across from Kenrei-mon gate.
- 従って、花柳界では、第一礼装の黒紋付に、帯留の使用は厳禁である。
- Accordingly, in 'karyu kai' (world of the geisha), using obidome on kuromontsuki (black kimono marked with the family crests), the most formal attire was strictly prohibited.
- 母の建礼門院も入水するが、熊手に髪をかけられ引き上げられている。
- His mother, Kenrei-mon in, also jumped into the sea to commit suicide, and her body was found and pulled up by raking her hair.
- 裲襠(りょうとう)とは、武官の礼服 (宮中)に用いられる儀仗の鎧。
- Ryoto is an armor of honor worn by military officers as their formal attire (at court).
- 以上の者は自らの歌の披講の際は起立し、天皇に一礼する慣わしである。
- It is a time-honored practice that a person stands up and makes a bow to the emperor just before his or her poem is recited.
- 狩猟民族でも獲物を捧げ豊猟を祈願する儀礼がみられる(熊送りなど)。
- A race of hunters also has a ceremony for praying for good hunting by presenting caught animals (sending of bear and so on).
- 「文射・礼射(ぶんしゃ、れいしゃ)」、「武射(ぶしゃ)」の2側面。
- Classifications under 'Bunsha (文射) and Reisha (礼射)' or 'Busha (武射).'
- 」とあるなど、支配者層の弓射が文化的・儀礼的性格を強く持っていた。
- As seen above, rulers strongly emphasized the cultural and ceremonial aspects of Yumiire.
- 流派の系統は今日的な用語で「礼射系」・「武射系」と分類されている。
- The schools' lineages are categorized as the 'Reisha group' and the 'Busha group' in today's terms.
- 起源的には長裃より古くから存在するが、長裃に対して略礼装とされる。
- As far as the origin is concerned, it existed longer than the naga-kamishimo, but compared to the long kamishimo, it is a semi informal dress.
- 主人が不都合をしでかした家来を斬る場合も無礼討(上意討ち)という。
- When a lord killed his servant(s) who did something disadvantageous with a blade, it was called Bureiuchi (Joiuchi (killing of an offender)).
- しかし、武家故実に優れた大舘尚氏の書札礼として後世に重んじられた。
- However, it was valued by prosperity as shosatsurei of Hisauji ODACHI, who was well versed in ancient practices of samurai family.
- 大衆は内裏に乱入すると、建礼門・建春門に神輿を据えて気勢を上げた。
- When the daishu intruded into the dairi, they placed the mikoshi at Kenrei-mon Gate and Kenshun-mon Gate and raised morale.
- 壁画、並びにタンカと呼ばれる礼拝儀式に使用する曼陀羅・仏画がある。
- There are wall paintings as well as mandala (Buddhist visual schema of the enlightened mind) Buddhist paintings called Thangka and used in rites for praying.
- 侍は治兵衛の無礼を戒める為に治兵衛の手首を格子に括り付けてしまう。
- In order to caution Jihe's rudeness, samurai bound Jihe's wrists to a lattice.
- 不明な点が多い中世の朝廷儀礼について伝える史料の一つとしても著名。
- This book is renowned as a historical document about the imperial protocol in the Middle Ages, about which much is still unknown.
- 中世には、現世に失望し来世の幸福を願い沢山の人々が寺院へ巡礼した。
- In medieval times, people that despaired of their world, made a pilgrimage to temples in hope of happiness in the afterlife.
- 時頼は常世に礼を言い、言葉に偽りがなかったのを誉めて恩賞を与える。
- Tokiyori expresses his gratitude to Tsuneyo, praises that Tsuneyo had given no false words, and provides him with Onsho (reward grants).
- 禁じ手・四十八手・作法・礼法等が神亀3年(726年)に制定される。
- In 726, they defined a list of prohibited techniques, 48 major sumo techniques, etiquette, and good manners.
- 当時は婚礼道具や夜具地(布団)を唐草の風呂敷で包んでいたようである。
- Around that time, bridal furniture and bedclothes (Futon) seem to have been wrapped in arabesque-pattern Furoshiki.
- 「掛けて拝する」事に用いられ礼拝用の意味合いが強くあったと思われる。
- It seems to be meant for worship, used as 'hung and worshiped.'
- 未婚女性が祭礼や儀礼的な場面で着用する正装の晴れ着である和服が振袖。
- For unmarried women, the furisode is the most gorgeous type of formal dress that can be worn in festivals and in other formal scenes.
- 一部の猿楽の座は、社寺の庇護を得て、その祭礼の際などに芸を披露した。
- Some Sarugaku groups were protected by shrines and temples and therefore gave performances at rituals.
- 京都御所の御文庫には後西天皇以後孝明天皇までの歴代の礼服が伝来する。
- The library of the Kyoto Imperial palace owned all the Emperor's raifuku from the period of Emperor Gosai to Emperor Komei.
- この時の巡礼は、第一番は長谷寺であり、第三十三番は三室戸寺であった。
- In this pilgrimage, the first temple for Gyoson to visit was the Hase-dera Temple and the thirty-third one was the Mimuroto-ji Temple.
- 巡礼者の増加に伴い、各寺院の財政が潤っていることを端的に示している。
- This clearly shows that each fudasho temple is in good financial shape due to the increasing number of pilgrims
- 江戸時代初期から「巡礼講」が各地で組まれ団体の巡礼が盛んに行われた。
- In the early Edo period, the 'junrei-ko' (pilgrim groups) were organized in many parts of the country, and group pilgrimage became popular.
- 『周礼』では「正西」すなわち中原から真西側にあたる地域であるとする。
- 'The Rites of Zhou' defined the area as 'Zhengxi,' that is, from the center of the field to the due west side.
- 江戸時代には博学典礼家として、近衛尚嗣、近衛基熙、近衛家熙らが続く。
- The family produced Hisatsugu KONOE, Motohiro KONOE, Iehiro KONOE and so on as a family of wisdom and righteousness during the Edo period.
- 儒教では『礼記』における父の死の3年、母の死の1年の喪の期間を言う。
- In Confucianism, it means a period of mourning for a father should be three years and a mother should be for a year as written in the 'Book of Rites'.
- そのため、無礼打ちする方・受ける方双方命懸けで臨まねばならなかった。
- Both the attacker and the attacked one had to fight desperately.
- (2)年中行事、祭礼、法会等の中で行われる行事で芸能の基盤を示すもの
- (2) An annual event or event held in a festival, a memorial service, etc. that shows the foundation of performing arts.
- 巡礼者が白い手甲と脚半を着けるのも死に装束に準じているものといえる。
- Pilgrims wear tekko (covering for the back of the hand and wrist) and kyahan (gaiters) for the same reasons as burial outfit.
- この場合の少女の化粧には少年のふんどしと同様、通過儀礼の色彩がある。
- In this case, a girl's makeup carries the meaning of the rite of passage, similar to a boy's fundoshi (loincloth).
- 織部流を合わせて、米川流の香道、伊勢流の礼法と合わせ伝えられている。
- The school has been passed down for generations by being further combined with the traditions of Oribe-ryu school of tea ceremony, Yonekawa-ryu school of kodo (incense-smelling ceremony), and Ise-ryu school of reiho (manners and etiquettes).
- 多くは単なる競技ではなく、年占的性格を持つ宗教儀礼として行われている。
- Most of them are performed as religious ceremonies that include fortune-telling for the coming year, rather than a just being a mere game.
- 葬送儀礼において、どの部分を引導と称するのかは、宗派により違いがある。
- Different sects of Buddhism refer to different parts of the funeral as Indo.
- 宝号は時導師の音頭で観世音菩薩の名号を唱えては一礼することを繰り返す。
- In hogo (to chant the name of Kanzeon Bosatsu and bow repeatedly), they chant the myogo (name of the Buddha) of Kanzeon Bosatsu and bow repeatedly, led by Jidoshi.
- 山(やま)は自然の山岳を模して造られた依り代で、祭礼などで用いられる。
- The term 'Yama' used here is equivalent to yorishiro (an object representative of a divine spirit) which is fabricated to imitate natural mountains, for use at a festival.
- その学問的側面から儒学(中国語)、思想的側面からは名教・礼教ともいう。
- It is referred to as Ju-gaku (in Chinese) from the scholarly side, and Mei-kyo or Rei-kyo from the side of philosophy.
- 「弓道をなめている」「礼を逸している」などの批判が多く、問題になった。
- It raised an issue with many criticisms such as, 'It's disrespectful to Kyudo,' or 'It's impolite.'
- 文政7年 八ッ橋屋為治郎が熊野神社に祈願成就の御礼に白馬の絵馬を奉納。
- 1824: Tamejiro YATSUHASHIYA dedicated an ema (votive tablet) with a picture of a white horse, as a token of gratitude for the fulfilment of a prayer, to Kumano-jinja Shrine.
- 十九代(侯爵) 徳川義親 (越前松平家から養子、夫人は十八代義礼の娘)
- The nineteenth (a marquis): Yoshichika TOKUGAWA (adopted from the Echizen Matsudaira family; his wife was a daughter of the eighteenth lord, Yoshiakira)
- 昭和の大礼の総予算は当時の金額で1968万3637円50銭5厘という。
- It is said that the general budget of the tairei of Showa was 19,683,637.55 yen, in the amount of money in those days.
- また紫扇や赤色=蘇芳扇は即位のとき礼服に懐中して用いられたようである。
- Purple or red (suo) fans seem to be used at enthronement where emperors and high officials carried these fans in their bosom in court dresses.
- 室町時代後期には紋を定位置に配し生地は麻として直垂に次ぐ礼装とされた。
- In the late Muromachi period, Daimon was made of linen with its pattern on a fixed position and was considered as the second formal wear, following Hitatare.
- 巡礼中の断食により、汚染したライ麦を食べなくなったためであったという。
- It is said that this happened because a pilgrim would fast during a pilgrimage and therefore not eat contaminated rye.
- 今治市菊間町の加茂神社の秋の祭礼には東予地方では唯一、牛鬼が出場する。
- Only in the autumn festival of Kamo-jinja Shrine at Kikuma-cho, Imabari City, appears Ushioni in the Toyo region.
- 最後は朝廷から「天神」の神号をおくられ、礼を述べて黒雲に乗り立ち去る。
- Finally, Michizane was given a spiritual name of 'Tenjin (god in heaven)' from the Imperial Court and he thanked and went away riding on a black cloud.
- 父は高倉天皇で、母は平清盛の娘の徳子(後の建礼門院)、祖父は、平清盛。
- His father was Emperor Takakura, his mother was Tokuko (later called Kenrei-mon in), a daughter of TAIRA no Kiyomori, and his grandfather was TAIRA no Kiyomori.
- 近代までにそれぞれ独立した競技、儀礼的神事として作法や規則が整備された。
- In separate competitions, the rules and etiquette of each of the forms has been maintained through to present times.
- 羽織紐は最礼装では白の平打ちだが、丸組みやそのほかの色でも差し支えない。
- White flat braids are used for haori for the most formal case, but round braids and other type braids as well as other color of the braids are acceptable.
- これは真言密教の灑水(しゃすい)の礼に由来した浄めの意味があるとされる。
- This custom is said to have originated from the Shingon Esoteric Buddhism's rite of water-pouring and to have the meaning of purification.
- そのため礼装、正装としての着用は出来ない(江戸小紋を除く、理由は後述)。
- For that reason, it may not be worn as formal or full dress (the reason for excluding Edo-komon is mentioned later).
- 室町時代に入ると宮中の料理は武家の間にも採り入れられ、食礼式が発達した。
- Entering the Muromachi period, dishes served in the Imperial court became eaten by samurai as well, developing eating etiquette.
- 天理教及びその傍系宗教において、儀礼音楽の中で他の楽器と共に演奏される。
- In Tenrikyo and its related sects, Kokyu is played together with other instruments in its ceremonial music.
- そのような中、即位式の仏教儀礼である即位灌頂に非難が集まるようになった。
- Under such circumstances, blame started to be concentrated on sokuikanjo which was a Buddhist ritual performed during the enthronement ceremony.
- プロテスタントの葬儀は欧米では日中の葬儀・埋葬礼拝のみであることが多い。
- As for Protestant funerals in the West, only funerals and burial worship in the daytime are observed in many cases.
- また鎌倉時代から室町時代には公武の童形(元服前)の礼装として多用される。
- From the Kamakura period to the Muromachi period, suikan were often used as formal wear for the sons of court nobles and samurai before they came of age.
- どんな着物でもこれを羽織れば礼装となる、と言うもので主婦には重宝された。
- Since it has become formal attire when wearing it with any kimono, it is popular among housewives.
- 礼装用に用いるが、帆布の帯芯を入れて布を折りたたむため重くて扱いにくい。
- It is used for formal dress, but it is heavy and hard to handle because it is folded with an obishin (obi padding, which is made of sail cloth) placed inside it.
- 江戸時代になると江戸幕府により「武家官位以上の武家の礼装」と定められた。
- In the Edo period, Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) defined Daimon as 'a formal wear for samurai families with Buke-kani (official court titles for samurai) or higher titles.'
- 始めは下級武士の普段着であったが、室町時代末期には大紋に次ぐ礼装となる。
- Although it was lower ranked samurai's casual wear in the beginning, it became the second most formal dress after daimon (crested formal robe) in the end of the Muromachi period.
- 初日ないし最終日には法会と共に各寺院の得度を朝廷から賜る儀礼が行われた。
- On the first or final day of a Kinomidokyo, a ritual was performed through the Imperial Court, together with a hoe, for those entering into Buddhist priesthood at each temple.
- 本来、巡禮とは日本における各地の神社、寺院を訪ね巡り礼拝することである。
- Originally, Junrei (pilgrimage) meant to travel and visit shrines and temples throughout Japan for the purpose of worship at each location.
- 地車と呼ばれる山車を曳く祭り、地車囃子の演奏を奉納する祭礼の総称である。
- This is a general term for festivals in which a dashi called danjiri is pulled, or for rites and festivals in which a performance of danjiri bayashi (music performed at festivals) is dedicated.
- 貝桶渡しは家老などの重臣が担当し、大名家の婚礼に置いて重要な儀式であった。
- Karo (chief retainer of a feudal lord) or other senior vassals performed kaioke watashi as the most important ritual in a wedding ceremony of daimyo families.
- また祭囃子・神楽等の祭礼音楽でも「大甲」と合わせて大変好まれる音域である。
- In combination with the daikan (high-pitched) tone, it is favored in the music for rites and festivals such as matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music) and kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine).
- 右頁五行目中段から「君子争う所無し〜」とあり、礼射思想の淵源が見て取れる。
- The text 'a wise man doesn't participate in shooting contests' in the middle of the fifth line of the right page shows the origin of Reisha thought.
- ちなみにこの「しびらだつ物」を着るのがこの時代の庶民の女性の礼装であった。
- Full dress of the women of commonalty during that time was this 'Shibiradatsumono.'
- 漫画家の加藤礼次朗は、カツ丼発祥の地伝説のある高田馬場三朝庵の子息である。
- Reijiro KATO, a cartoonist, was born into the family of Sanchoan in Takadanobaba, a legendary restaurant where katsudon was created.
- 宇治の平等院の南門から100mくらいのところにある県(あがた)神社の祭礼。
- It is held at Agata-jinja Shrine located 100 meters away from the south gate of the Uji Byodoin Temple.
- 1521年室町幕府などからの援助を元に即位22年目にして即位の礼を行った。
- His Sokui no rei was held in 1521, 22 years after the accession, with financial support mainly from the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 主従関係に基づく無礼討ちでは主人が有する家臣への処罰権の行使と考えられた。
- Bureiuchi, which was based on the relationship between a lord and his vassals, was regarded as conducting a lord's punishment right to his vassals.
- 江戸時代において旗本は位階以下の官位に叙されため素襖は旗本の礼服となった。
- During the Edo period, suo became full dress of hatamoto (a direct vassal of the shogun) because hatamoto was ranked below Ikai.
- 江戸時代には江戸幕府によって六位以下階位に叙された武士の礼装と定められた。
- In the Edo period, it was determined as a formal dress for a samurai ranked Ikai (court rank) below Rokui (Sixth Rank) by the feudal government.
- 行程に若干異なる点があるが、巡礼にはイスラム教各宗派の信徒が共に参加する。
- There are slight differences, but the pilgrimage is taken together with the followers of the various schools of Islam.
- 近代では即位関連儀礼でも使用はなく、唯一賀茂祭の勅使が使用するだけである。
- In the early-modern times, the Gyotai is not used even in a ceremony of the enthronement: Only an Imperial envoy of the Kamo Festival uses the Gyotai.
- おもに北部九州での祭礼でみられ、それらの祭礼の略称にも「山笠」が用いられる。
- It is used mainly in rites and festivals in the northern part of Kyushu, and the term 'yamakasa' is also used as an abbreviation for it.
- 祭礼時に幸、不幸の別でそれを執り行う部屋の畳の敷き込みを変えていた事を指す。
- These terms refer to the custom of changing the layout of tatami mats at celebrations (shugijiki) or condolences (bushugijiki).
- 仙台平などの縞の絹地で作った場合には、紋付とあわせて礼装とすることができる。
- A hakama is made of striped silk, such as Sendai-hira (hand-woven silk fabric with vertical stripes) and can be used as formal wear with montsuki (a blazoned haori [a Japanese half-coat]).
- 踊りながら義経らを逃がし、弁慶は富樫に目礼し後を急ぎ追いかける(「六方」)。
- While Benkei dances, he lets Yoshitsune and others escape, then greets Togashi with his eyes and hurries after his master (the Scene of the Roppo Exit).
- 両袖を略した三つ紋、背中の紋のみの一つ紋の紋付もあり、準礼装として通用する。
- And 'mitsu-mon' (three-crest type) - in which the two crests on the sleeves' back are removed - and 'hitotsu-mon' (single-crest type), which has only one crest on the back, are also semi-formal attire.
- 留袖(とめそで)は、和服の一つで、既婚女性が着用する最も格の高い礼装である。
- Tomesode is a type of Japanese traditional clothes and is a formal dress of the highest rank worn by married women.
- 頼政が鵺退治の前にここで祈願し、見事退治した礼といって矢尻を奉納したという。
- It is said that Yorimasa prayed here before killing the Nue, and devoted the arrowhead there as token of his thanks for his successful killing of it.
- 昭和天皇までの「即位」は、現行皇室典範の「即位の礼」に当たるものと解される。
- The term 'Sokui (enthronement)' applied to the consecuutive lineage of emperors up to Emperor Showa is understood as equivalent to 'Sokui-no-rei (ceremony of the enthronement)' specified in the current Imperial House Act.
- 東照宮御影として知られる家康の礼拝用肖像画にも白鷹が書き込まれる場合が多い。
- On the Ieyasu's portraits for prayer, which are known as Toshogu-Mikage (image of Toshogu, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA), a white hawk is often drawn.
- 宮殿(くうでん)は、仏教の礼拝対象である仏像、祖師像などを収める厨子の一種。
- Kuden is a kind of Buddhist altar case called 'Zushi' to contain a Buddhist object of worship such as a Buddhist statute, an image of patriarch, or the like.
- 現在は武田流、小笠原流に伝わる流鏑馬など、故実の祭礼式などで使用されている。
- Now it is used in rituals that succeed ancient customs such as yabusame (archery on horseback) that has succeeded to the Takeda or Ogasawara schools.
- そして結願のお礼参りとして、最後に信州の善光寺に参拝し計37か所を巡礼する。
- As the orei-mairi (a visit to a temple to show gratitude for the completion of the prayer) for the completion of the pilgrimage, pilgrims pay a visit to the Zenko-ji Temple at last, resulting in making the pilgrimage to the thirty-seven temples in total.
- 幕臣である大舘氏の立場で書かれた書札礼で一般的な書札礼を論じた著作ではない。
- This book was written by the Odachi clan in the capacity of the bakufu's vassal and it is not a book dealing with general shosaturei.
- これはその地方の伝統が反映された特徴によるもので、その土地の祭礼ごとに異なる。
- These tempestuous movements of parades vary in each rite and festival of regions, depending on local traditions.
- 物を包んだり(包み袱紗)、進物の上に掛けたりする(掛け袱紗)方形の儀礼用絹布。
- A ceremonial square piece of silk cloth used to wrap things (called tsutsumi-fukusa) or to cover over gift (kake-fukusa).
- 皮一枚残して斬ることを「抱き首」といい、この形に斬るのが介錯人の礼儀とされた。
- The severing of the head while leaving it attached by a single band of skin is called 'daki-kubi' and etiquette dictated that this is how the kaishakunin was to perform his duty.
- 見合い、結納、仲人、婚礼・結婚式・結婚式場、三々九度、色直し、床入り、新婚旅行
- Miai (formal marriage interview), Yuino (exchange of engagement gifts), Nakodo (matchmaker), wedding ceremony and wedding center, San-san-kudo (a manner for a bride and groom to drink sake at a wedding ceremony), Ironaoshi (an event that either or both of bride and groom change a dress at the wedding reception), Tokoiri (consummation of a marriage), and honeymoon
- 背中に家紋を入れることで色無地と同格になり、準礼装となる便利な着物である。
- It is useful kimono such that may be used as a semi-formal dress since it is treated like iromuji (solid colored kimono) when the family crest is added on the back.
- 一般的には、縮緬はカジュアル、塩瀬羽二重はカジュアルから礼装まで広く使われる。
- Generally speaking, crepe is used for casual wafuku, while shioze habutae (a, thick silk fabric) is used for a wide variety of wafuku, ranging from casual kimonos to formal kimonos.
- 留袖は本来既婚女性のものであるが、近年では未婚女性が礼装として着ることがある。
- Although tomesode was originally worn by a married woman, recently an unmarried woman may wear it as a formal dress.
- 着物の格においては第一礼装になり、西洋のイヴニングドレスに相当するものである。
- In the rank of kimono, tomesode is the no. 1 formal dress and is equivalent to the evening dress of the West.
- 一方、この儀礼的な料理に対して茶道から生まれた趣味的な料理が懐石料理であった。
- On the other hand, for these ceremonious dishes, kaiseki (懐石)-ryori dishes were hobby-like based on tea ceremonies.
- 上記について補足すると、即位礼では天皇は正殿真中に立ち、皇后は向って右に立つ。
- To give further details about the aforementioned position, at the enthronement ceremony, the emperor stands in the center of the Throne Hall and the empress stands to the right from the viewer's perspective.
- 明治時代には洋服は主に男性の外出着や礼服であり、日常はほとんど和服が使われた。
- During the Meiji period, western clothes were mainly worn by men as their street clothes and formal clothing, and they wore Japanese clothes in daily life.
- 葬儀費用には、葬儀本体価格の他に、飲食や返礼品などの実費費用が別途必要になる。
- Total funeral costs include the cost of a funeral itself and the actual costs of food/drink and return offerings separately claimed.
- 聶崇義の『三礼図』、ケイヘイ・孫セキらの『孝経疏』『論語疏』『爾雅疏』がある。
- Examples include 'Sanrai-zu' (Figure for the Three Classic of Rites) of Jo Sogi, 'Interpretation of Ko-kyo' (Interpretation of Xiao Jing, Interpretation of Classic of Filial Piety), 'Interpretation of Rongo' (Interpretation of Lunyu, Interpretation of Analects of Confucius), and 'Interpretation of Jiga' (Interpretation of Erya) by Kei Hei, Son Seki, etc.
- 鏃を付けず、蟇目の出す音で邪を払い場を清める事を目的とし、祭礼神事で使われる。
- It is intended to remove negative vibes and to purify a place by the sound of Hikime without using Zoku, and it is used in rites and festivals and in Shinto rituals.
- 現在でも鉄道会社やバス会社によって多くの巡礼ツアーが組まれており利用者も多い。
- Railway and bus companies still organize many pilgrimage tours, and a lot of people join them.
- 褰帳(けんちょう)は、即位、朝賀など大礼の時に高御座の帳を褰げ開く女性である。
- Kencho refers to a woman who raises and open Tobari (curtains) of the Takamikura (Imperial Throne) during a state ceremony such as one for enthronement or Chouga (New Year's greetings or well-wishes offered by retainers to the Emperor).
- 逆に弘仁式や延喜式には序文において、儀礼については省略したことを明記している。
- Conversely, Koninshiki (Palace regulations of the Konin era) and Engishiki (Palace regulations of the Engi era) stated in their prefaces that descriptions of formalities were omitted.
- 大名家の姫の婚礼調度の中で最も重要な意味を持ち、婚礼行列の際には先頭で運ばれた。
- They were the most important article of the bride's household effects for a daimyo's daughter, so that they were carried at the head of a wedding procession.
- 紋付小袖は、武家社会では略装の裃や羽織袴などのような準礼装にもっぱら用いられた。
- In samurai society, montsuki kosode was coordinated merely with semi-formal attire, or in other words a simplified version of kamishimo or 'haori-hakama' (the combination of haori and 'hakama' [loose-legged, pleated trousers]).
- 紫宸殿は、平安京の大内裏の正殿で、朝賀・公事を行なう所で、のち大礼も行なわれた。
- Shishinden was the state chamber of Dai-dairi (place of the Imperial Palace and government offices) in Heian-kyo and a place held Choga (the national ceremony in which Emperor received New Year's congratulations from the whole body of officials) and public matters as well as imperial or state ceremonies held later.
- そもそも建築物を礼拝の対象とするという発想自体が仏教に由来するものかもしれない。
- The idea of an architectural structure being the object of worship per se may have originated in Buddhist influence.
- 現在の祭礼では、巡行されない置き山は数が少なく、巡行される山車がほとんどである。
- In current festivals, fixed-type yama, called Okiyama, are rarely used, while Dashi (mobile-type Yama) for moving around town are dominant.
- 近世まで日本では髻を結って冠を被る冠着(かむりぎ)の儀礼を以って、成人式とした。
- Until the early modern times, coming-of-age ceremony meant a ceremony of Kamurigi (literally, 'wearing a cap') in Japan, and a young man made a topknot and put a cap on his head at this ceremony.
- こうした奇跡が起こったということから巡礼者が集まるようになったというものも多い。
- More pilgrims gathered in locations where miracles occurred.
- キリスト教における巡礼は聖地への礼拝だけでなく、巡礼旅の過程も重要視されている。
- The pilgrimage in Christianity not only regards the worship at the holy sites but also place equal importance on the process of the pilgrimage.
- お礼をしようと考えた豆腐屋は、狐の大好物である鼠の天婦羅を作って宗旦狐に贈った。
- The tofu shop keeper decided to return the favor by making a tempura of mice considered to be the favorite food of foxes and sent it to Sotan Gitsune.
- 主に西日本の祭礼で登場し、「曳きだんじり」と「担ぎだんじり」の2種類に大別される。
- Danjiri appear mainly in festivals of western Japan, and are roughly categorized into two types, 'hiki-danjiri' (a decorative float towed by festival participants) and 'katsugi-danjiri' (a decorative float shouldered by festival participants).
- 武家の新年の弓射儀礼である的始などで使用され、現在でも小笠原流の儀式で用いられる。
- This was used for mato-hajime, which is the New Year's ceremony of shooting at a samurai family, and this is still used in ceremonies of the Ogasawara school.
- 満州族は冬至の日に庭に筵を敷いて供え物を並べ、先祖を象徴する木竿を敬う儀礼がある。
- The Manchurian people have a rite wherein they pay respect to a wooden pole representing ancestors on the winter solstice, placing offerings on a bamboo mat in the yard.
- 客の側も、座布団を勧められる前にその上に座る行為は礼儀に反するとされることがある。
- On the guest's part, it is impolite to sit on a zabuton before it is offered by the host.
- 勲章着用規定に第一種礼装として定められているために現在一般には和服の正装とされる。
- Since the decree's provision to wear a decoration stipulated this attire as the first class formal costume, it is now generally regarded as formal Japanese clothes.
- 白く風合いがとてもよいことから、和服の裏地として最高級であり、礼装にも用いられる。
- Because of its whiteness with more than good feeling, habutae is used as the highest class liners for wafuku (Japanese kimono garment) and even as the fabric for formal dresses.
- 儒教においては「仁」「義」「礼」「知」「信」の五つの徳をいい、たんに五常ともいう。
- In Confucianism, 'humanity,' 'justice,' 'courtesy,' 'wisdom,' and 'faith' are considered as five eternal virtues, and they are also referred to as Gojo (five eternals).
- しかし、明治以降一部の流派は祭礼の行事として残り空砲による発砲演武が行われてきた。
- However, some of the schools remained as festival features in the Meiji period; demonstrations of gunfire were conducted by using blank shots.
- しかしながら、婚礼にも用いられるようになり、角隠しと呼ばれるようになったとする説。
- However, it is said that this custom was gradually adopted in wedding ceremonies and came to be called Tsunokakushi.
- ここから「留袖」と言う名称自体がやがて「既婚女性の礼装」と言う意味に転じていった。
- From this custom originated the name 'tomesode' itself, which eventually came to have the meaning of 'formal dress for married women'.
- 有職料理 - 平安時代の貴族の社交儀礼の中で発達した大饗料理の流れをくむ料理様式。
- Yusoku-ryori dishes: Their style belonged to the line of the dishes for grand banquets that developed based on the codes of honor among nobles during the Heian period
- 養老律令の衣服令によると、武官の礼服と朝服の規定に、位襖(いおう)が含まれていた。
- According to the clothing code of the Yoro Ritsuryo Code, Raifuku and Chofuku for military officers were prescribed to ware garments called 'Iou.'
- また、13歳という年齢が元服の時期と合致するため、一種の通過儀礼として伝承された。
- As 13 is the time of coming of age, this ritual became a tradition as a sort of rite of passage.
- 神様に供えたものであるので、包丁などで「切る」行為は礼を欠き、縁起が悪いとされる。
- Because kagami-mochi has been offered to deities, 'cutting' it with a knife or other implement is considered discourteous and a bad omen.
- 一方、祭礼(祭囃子、神楽など)のために屋外で演奏される分野の楽器は、音量が大きい。
- On the other hand, the Wagakki used in the field of music played outdoors at festivals (festival music, Shinto music, etc.) can provide sufficiently high sound levels.
- 伊勢氏は武家の礼儀作法を司り、代々室町幕府の足利将軍家の嫡男に作法等を教えていた。
- The Ise clan took charge of civility and rules of etiquette of samurai families, and the clan taught the art of manners to the legitimate sons of the Ashikaga Shogunal family for generation after generation during the Muromachi bakufu period.
- 即位の礼では、表に金箔押しの雲に桐と鳳凰の絵、裏は同じく金箔の雲に鳥や蝶の舞う絵。
- A fan for the ceremony of the enthronement has gilded clouds and pictures of paulownia and phoenix on the front, and gilded clouds and pictures of flying birds and butterflies on the back.
- 当時の貴族は祝宴や法会、祭礼などの席で人びとを驚かせる豪華な造り物を競って飾った。
- Court nobles at that time competed to decorate gorgeous crafts which amazed people at a feast, at a Buddhist mass, and at rites and festivals.
- 即位の礼では最重要の儀式が「正殿の儀」であり、天皇は束帯、皇后は十二単に身を包む。
- In Sokui no rei, 'Enthronement Ceremony' is the most important ceremony where the Emperor wears sokutai (traditional ceremonial court dress); and the Empress wears juni-hitoe (twelve-layered ceremonial kimono).
- 初演は風物・情景・祭礼など三段構成で見せる典型的な「三段返し」ものの演目であった。
- The first performance was a typical `sandangaeshi' style, consisting of three parts; scenery (scenery and customs), scene (sight), and rites and festivals.
- また、今日見られる熨斗も、熨斗鮑の包みが様式化したもので、儀礼折り紙の一例である。
- Furthermore, the current noshi is a stylized noshi awabi (a thin strip of dried abalone wrapped in folded red and white paper), and an example of the girei origami.
- 古くから棒術は宗教とかかわりがあり、祭礼で棒術に相当するものが古くから行われている。
- From old times, Bojutsu has been related to religion, and a kind of Bojutsu has been performed in rites and festivals.
- 現在でも祭礼で棒術が棒の手や棒術、棒踊り、獅子舞などと呼ばれ演じられる例が多くある。
- Even now, Bojutsu is often performed in rituals and festivals by the names of Bo no te (Japanese traditional dance), Bojutsu, bo-odori (bar dance) and shishimai (lion dance).
- 逆に、恋人同士や婚礼の儀で、神社の前を通ったり宇治橋を渡ったりするのはタブーである。
- However, couples and wedding parties should also avoid walking past the shrine or crossing the Uji-bashi Bridge.
- また、武士の礼装となった裃でも小袖を表に出す着方が通例となり、小袖は上着に昇格した。
- And the kamishimo which became a full dress uniform of samurai, the way to wear kosode outside of kamishimo became a permitted custom and kosode was upgraded to an outer garment.
- 神社を訪れると、本殿の手前に礼拝用の建物である拝殿が建っており、賽銭箱が置いてある。
- When you visit a shrine, you see the worship hall haiden building situated on the same axis as the main sanctuary honden toward the front with a saisen (offertory) box being placed at the front.
- 文化人類学や民俗学では、こうしたものを通過儀礼(イニシエーション)の一つとして扱う。
- In the cultural anthropology or folklore, this kind of ceremony is treated as one of the rites of passage (initiation).
- 前3代と異なり、平成の即位の礼においては、一連の式典に外国の要人も多数参列していた。
- Unlike previous three Sokui no rei, many important persons attended Heisei's Sokui no rei from overseas.
- 楢光の嫁入りの時は、大阪から東京まで、7台の貨車を借り切って婚礼衣裳を送ったという。
- It is said that when Naramitsu married into the Mitsui Family, seven freight cars were hired to send wedding dresses from Osaka to Tokyo.
- 大錦旛(だいきんばん)は、即位の礼の日、紫宸殿前の庭に立てられる錦旛のひとつである。
- The Daikinban is made of gold brocade and one of the imperial standards (flags) erected at Sokui no rei (ceremony of enthronement) in the garden in front of Shishinden (hall for state ceremonies).
- 近世において武士が町人・百姓らから耐え難い無礼を受けた時は、斬殺しても処罰されない。
- In modern ages, when a warrior put townspeople or farmers to a sword because he was unbearably insulted by them, he was not punished.
- この絵巻からも、遊戯や神事、祭礼や法会など、当時の庶民の生活ぶりや風俗がうかがえる。
- These emakimono also show the life or customs of the common people at that time through games, Shinto rituals, rites and festivals, and in Buddhist mass.
- 神田にかかる年貢・公事は、領主の収入とはならず、神社の祭祀・祭礼の経費にあてられた。
- The tax imposed on Shinden was not regarded as the income of the Lord of the manor, but was used for shrines' religious services or festivals.
- 朝鮮通信使のそもそもの趣旨は室町幕府征夷大将軍からの使者と国書に対する返礼であった。
- Chosen Tsushinshi originally started as a return call for an envoy and message dispatched by Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to Korea.
- 首里城という「ハコ」が先にできたものの、ハコの中身である儀礼や音楽は空っぽであった。
- The restored castle was like an 'empty box', devoid of pageantry and music.
- しかし、家に着いてから礼を述べようと戸口に立つ女を見ると、その顔は骸骨だったという。
- Arriving home, he looked to the female to thank her, but the face was a skeleton.
- しかし、むしろ心遣いとしては新札をつかうことは必ずしも失礼にはあたらないともいわれる。
- However, it is also said that the use of new notes may be acceptable as thoughtful etiquette
- 古くは卑弥呼なども祭礼を司る巫女や祈祷師であり、祈祷や占いによって執政したといわれる。
- It is said that in the ancient times, Himiko who was also a shrine maiden or shaman conducting rites and festivals controlled the administration by prayer or fortune-telling.
- 現会長は金子家教で、「武田流司家、弓馬軍礼故実司家芸州武田氏正統師範」を名乗っている。
- The current chairperson is Ietaka KANEKO and he announces himself as 'the legitimate Master of Takeda school tsukasake family, Kyuba-gunrei Kojitsu tsukasake Geishu Takeda clan.'
- 祭礼の形は世界各地で多様な形を示すが、原初の祭は一つの信仰に基づいていたと考えられる。
- Rites and festivals are held in various forms across the world, but, a primitive matsuri is considered to have been based on one belief.
- この矢尻は社宝とされ、普段は写真のみ展示されており、毎年9月の祭礼で実物が公開される。
- This arrowhead was kept as a treasure of the shrine, and its photograph is always exhibited, with the real one exhibited to the public at the annual feast of the shrine in September.
- 宝号が終わり近くになると平衆の一人が礼堂に出て五体投地を行い、懺悔の心を体で表現する。
- Around the end of hogo, one of Hirashu goes to rai-do hall, does gotai-tochi (a prostration in which both hands, legs and head are pressed to the ground) and expresses his heart of repentance through his body.
- また、宗教儀式のひとつで、定期的に仏像などの本尊の前で、読誦したり礼拝したりすること。
- It is also one of religious ceremonies including regular dokuju (chanting sutras) and prayers for honzon (major statue of a temple) such as statue of Buddha.
- さらに江戸期には、「羽織」や「裃」など礼装・正装の衣服に家紋を入れる慣習が一般化する。
- Also, during the Edo Period, the custom of including Kamon on ceremonial dress such as 'Haori' and 'Kamishimo,' became common place.
- 道統とは小笠原の弓・馬・礼の三法の総取り仕切り役の正統継承を意味し、「宗家」にあたる。
- This formal handing down of the position of the person in charge of the three arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy of Ogasawara-ryu school is known as Doto, equivalent to 'Soke'
- 1889年(明治22年) - 旧皇室典範で「即位の礼」と「大嘗祭」は京都で行うと規定。
- 1889: It was ruled in the Imperial House Act that the 'Sokui no rei (enthronement ceremony)' and 'Daijosai' would be held in Kyoto.
- そのため、京都市民の今上天皇の即位の礼の場所に対する落胆ぶりには甚だしいものがあった。
- Therefore, people of Kyoto City were deeply disappointed with the location of the present Emperor's Sokui no rei.
- また『礼記』王制篇に、方伯が天子に朝するときにはみな天子の県内に湯沐の邑を持つとある。
- The volume about a system of monarchy in 'Raiki' (Book of Rites) also said that when heads of lords presented themselves to the Emperor, all of them had Yu for Tomoku in the Emperor's country.
- 承安 (日本)元年(1171年)、清盛は娘の平徳子(建礼門院)を高倉天皇の中宮とした。
- In 1171, Kiyomori had his daughter, TAIRA no Tokuko (Kenreimonin) appointed as Emperor Takakura's Chugu (Empress Consort).
- 祭礼時の縁起物や互助活動の手間に対する対価は謝意であり、祝儀不祝儀であり代金ではない。
- The consideration of the time and effort spent by tobishoku for the lucky charms sold at rites and festivals and for the mutual aid activities was paid by showing appreciation or giving congratulatory and commemorative gifts, not by offering the payment.
- 多田孝正(仏教学者)「仏教儀礼入門」(『お位牌はどこから来たのか』興山舎として書籍化)
- Kosho TADA (Buddhism scholar) 'Introduction of etiquette in Buddhism' (published as the book 'Where did a Buddhist mortuary tablet come from?' by Kohzansha)
- 上記の通り慣例故実を整理簡素化した大正大礼以後、太刀と石帯の対応関係もなくなっている。
- Since the state ceremony of the Taisho Emperor, when the customs were simplified as described above, the link between sword and sekitai has been lost.
- 愛知県の名古屋市緑区 (名古屋市)を中心とする地域の祭礼には、猩猩が祭りに欠かせない。
- In the Midori-ku Ward of Nagoya City (Aichi Prefecture) festivals are held, in which Shojo plays a major role.
- 成婚当時は教育係の万里小路幸子という老女官に宮中での礼儀作法を厳しく躾けられ困惑した。
- At the begging of her marriage life, the Empress Teimei was taught civilities and rules of etiquette in the Imperial Court in a stern manner by Yukiko MADENOKOJI, a senior court lady and the educator,; this put the Empress Teimei in a difficult position.
- 祭礼行事においては、祭礼運営のために氏子地域から出される、或いはお願いして分けてもらう。
- In the case of festive events related to local guardian deities, ohanadai is presented by the parishioners of each deity, or they are asked for a contribution to cover the operation cost of the event.
- 建礼門院入水の段で「弥生の末の事なれば、藤がさねの十二単の御衣を召され」と書かれている。
- In the chapter which Kenreimonin drowns herself, it is written that she was wearing juni-hitoe of mauve gradation as it was the end of March (wisteria season).
- 明治時代の貴族女性はこれが礼装であり、鹿鳴館にもこの格好で出席した女性が多かったらしい。
- It was full dress for ladies of Meiji period, and it is told that many ladies went to the Rokumeikan (a building used mainly for housing foreign guests) wearing this outfit.
- 婚礼や見合いなどの席では「お茶を濁す」ことを嫌い、お茶を用いずに桜湯を用いることが多い。
- Sakurayu (salt-pickled blossoms in hot water) is often drunk at events such as weddings and formal marriage meetings in place of green tea, to avoid the situation of 'Ocha o nigosu' (making tea turbid – evading the point).
- 江戸時代、有職故実の復興により公家女子が「袴着の儀式」の時に着用する礼装として復活する。
- In the Edo period, with the re-establishment of Yusoku kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette), hosonaga was revived as a full dress for ladies of court nobles to wear at the time of 'Hakamagi ceremony.'
- すでに大和国高市郡において本尊を安置し、「大唐の神」を礼拝していたと『扶桑略記』にある。
- According to 'Fuso Ryakki' (A Brief History of Japan), he placed honzon (principal image of Buddha) at the Takaichi County in the Yamato Province and worshipped 'Chinese god.'
- 例えば位牌は、儒教の葬礼に用いられる神主(しんしゅ)が変化されたものだと考えられている。
- For example, it is said that ihai ('lingpai' or 'paiwei' in Chinese, Buddhist memorial tablet) is a modification of shinshu ('shenzhu' or 'shenwei' in Chinese) at a Confucian funeral.
- この料理が次第に武家社会において儀礼化していき、やがて一般庶民に普及したものとみられる。
- This dish probably became one of the rituals in the samurai world, and later spread among common people.
- (律令制度では五位以上の官僚の服には礼服と朝服とがあり、六位以下には朝服のみがあった。)
- (In the ritsuryo system, or the old system of Japanese government based on the penal and civil codes, government officials of the Fifth Rank and higher could wear raifuku and chofuku (clothes worn by the nobility when attending Court), while officials of the Sixth Rank and lower wore only chofuku.)
- 一般に格式の高い茶礼で用いるものとされており、とくに真台子は献茶式などで用いられている。
- It is generally used during formal sarei (tea ceremony), and shin daisu is especially used during the ceremonial offering of tea to a Shinto or Buddhist deity.
- なお、立后に使用する白綾衣は、少なくとも平安時代中期以降は礼服とは認識されていなかった。
- In addition, the twilled white robe used for the official investiture of the Empress was not recognized as raifuku at least until after the mid-Heian period.
- 馬術家の礼儀・作法も重んじており、公式の場では燕尾服・山高帽や軍服などの正装を要求する。
- The decencies of the equestrians are important as well; at the formal events, it requires the formal dress such as a tailcoat and a top hat or regimentals.
- 「礼賓三島」は上手物で、朝鮮で外国賓客のもてなすための役所で使われたことを示す銘がある。
- Raihin Mishima' is a jotemono piece with an inscription stating that it was used at an office for entertaining foreign guests in Korea.
- 土屋礼子は「非知識人層を読者対象とした小新聞に連なるニュース媒体であった」と位置づける。
- Reiko Tsuchiya positioned the nishiki-e-shinbun saying 'nishiki-e-shinbun was a news medium lining up next to the small-scale newspapers which were directed to non-intellectual people as their readers'.
- 紋付羽織袴(もんつきはおりはかま)は、現在一般的に和服における男子の第一礼服とされる衣服。
- 'Montsuki Haori Hakama' is a Japanese traditional costume that is commonly regarded as the most formal attire for men at present.
- 危機を脱出した一行に、富樫は失礼なことをした、と酒を勧め、弁慶は舞を披露する(延年の舞)。
- Yoshitsune and his company have now passed the crisis, and Togashi offers them sake to make up for his rudeness, while Benkei performs a dance (the Scene of the Ennen no mai (Ennen Dance)).
- このため、現在はほとんど廃れて、芸者、舞妓、等の花柳界や、婚礼衣装ぐらいにしか使われない。
- Therefore, it is seldom used at present other than by the people of karyukai (world of the geisha), such as geisha and maiko (apprentice geisha), or for bridal dress.
- 戦場、祭礼行事、朝廷での故実・年中行事などに於いて弓術流派はそれぞれに活躍、発展していく。
- In the battlefields, festival events and Kojitsu (ancient practices of customs) or annual events at the Imperial Court, each school of Kyujutsu had flourished and developed.
- このため、慰霊を行う霊場は日本以外の激戦地などにもあり、毎年、日本からも巡礼団が渡航する。
- For this reason, many reijo where furious battles were fought are also located outside Japan, and groups of pilgrims from Japan visit these reijo every year to hold memorial services.
- 江戸のは様式性を重視する幕切れであるが 上方は最後は武士として礼を尽くすという理屈である。
- The Edo-style ending attaches importance to stylization, while Kamigata maintains the logic that Kanpei showed courtesy as a samurai at the end.
- これら巡礼講や三十三度行者の満願を供養した石碑である「満願供養塔」は全国各地に残っている。
- There still remain the 'Mangan Kuyo-to' (memorial towers), which were built for the commemoration of the mangan (completion of the pilgrimage) achieved by these pilgrim groups and sanjusando gyoja.
- 使いがそのことを天皇に知らせると、天皇は同じ父に対して失礼なことを怒って誅殺したとされる。
- When the bearer reported this to the Emperor, he became angry and killed Ashikamino kamami wakenomiko for being rude to their father.
- 四大節祝賀式典の際には、職員生徒全員で御真影に対しての最敬礼と教育勅語の奉読が求められた。
- In the four major festivals, all school staff and students were obliged to make a deep bow and read the Imperial Rescript on Education with respect.
- 清では皇荘に替わって拠点となる北直隷及び満洲に内務府官荘や盛京戸部・礼部官荘が設けられた。
- During the Ching dynasty, instead of the imperial manor, the Imperial Household manor or Shengjing Ministry of Revenue and Ministry of Rites are set up in Hokuchokurei or Manchuria which were the bases.
- また、正親町天皇の時も皇室財政から即位礼費用の拠出は叶わず、毛利元就の援助をして挙行した。
- Moreover, Emperor Ogimachi's enthronement ceremony was held with financial support from Motonari MORI because of Imperial financial difficulty.
- 判衣(はんい)は白衣ではあるが巡礼中に着用するものではなく、札所で朱印を受けるものである。
- Han-i is Byakue costume; it is not worn during pilgrimage but for receiving read seals at fudasho (temple where amulets are collected).
- ただし、他流の茶会などへ招かれたときに自流の扇子を使うことは失礼に当たらないとされている。
- It is said, however, that using a sensu of one's own school at a tea ceremony of another school is not rude.
- 祭礼中の移動のときは「市中を練り廻す」「参道を練り歩く」などのような表現で用いる場合もある。
- When transferring them during the rites and festivals, it may be described as 'wind through,' or 'march along.'
- これらを参照して大正以降即位礼の皇后の料は白唐衣に緑系統の表着という組み合わせに固定化した。
- Based on this, the fabric for the empress's clothing worn during the enthronement ceremony have been fixed as a combination of white karaginu and omotegi in greenish color since the Taisho Period.
- 慶弔行事の金品を贈る時の儀礼や心使いとして広蓋(黒塗りの盆)と併せて用いられるようになった。
- It came to be used with hirobuta (a black-lacquered tray) by courtesy and to show care to send monetary gifts for events of congratulations and condolences.
- 座布団は来客に対するもてなしとして用いられる訳だが、これを固辞することも礼を逸するとされる。
- Zabuton are used as part of the hospitality towards a guest and declining this is a lack of courtesy.
- このような人形を婚礼道具のひとつとした時代は近年まで続き、1980年代半ばまで多くみられた。
- The custom of giving these kinds of dolls as wedding furnishings was common until the middle of the 1980s.
- 一説には、釈迦に帰依した舎衛国の波斯匿王が仏弟子とバラモン教を見まちがえて礼拝したとされる。
- According to one view, it originated from the fact that Hashinoku-o (King Pasenadi) of Sravasti, who became a follower of Shakyamuni, mistakenly worshipped Brahmanism by mistaking a disciple of the Brahmanism for that of the Buddha.
- 場合によっては、祭礼で演じられるが、伝承形態は武術そのものとして伝わっている例も散見される。
- Some of them have succeeded as a martial art, although they are sometimes performed in rituals and festivals.
- 弥生時代にその原型が成立し、近世期においては主に男子において用いられ、礼装とみなされてきた。
- Its prototype was built in the Yayoi period, and hakama was mainly used by men and is regarded as a formal dress in recent times.
- 国民服令によると、国民服は、正装かつ礼服であり、背広を着るような場面で着る服だと決められた。
- According to the National Uniform Edict, the national uniform was defined as full dress and formal clothing, and that should be worn on occasions requiring a person to wear a jacket.
- 現代においても即位の礼の中での最重要の儀式「正殿の儀」や宮中祭祀の四方拝等で着用されている。
- At the present time still, it is used in the occasions such as the Ceremony of the Seiden State Hall, which is the most important of the Enthronement Ceremonies and a festival of the Imperial Court called Shihohai (a Shinto ceremony held on New Year's Day in which the Emperor pays respect to the deities in all quarters).
- 胡エン・孫復・石介は「仁義礼楽を以て学と為」し、後に欧陽脩によって宋初三先生と称されている。
- Ko En, Son Puku, and Seki Kai 'considered humanity, justice, courtesy, and music as what needed to be learned' and were later called the three teachers of early Song by Oyo Shu (Ouyang Xiu, Ou-yang Hsiu).
- この儀礼はやがて庶民の間にも伝わるようになり、医者が薬代の返礼にと屠蘇散を配るようになった。
- This practice eventually spread among ordinary people, and doctors would distribute tososan in return for their medicine fee.
- 全日本弓道連盟が公式に定めているのは「射法八節(後述)」「礼法」「間合い」のみとなっている。
- Shaho hassetsu' (discussed later), 'manners' and 'distance' are the only aspects that are officially defined by the All Nippon Kyudo Federation.
- 礼射系は儀礼・儀式的な要素が加味されつつ発展した射の系統を言うが、事実上小笠原流系統をさす。
- The Reisha group refers to a shooting lineage that developed with elements of courtesy and ceremony, but in reality it refers to the Ogasawara school lineage.
- しかしながら、遅くとも応仁の乱前後から一般化した戦陣の略礼服であったのではないかと思われる。
- However, it seems at least around the time of the Onin War, it was a semi informal dress on the battlefield.
- 小笠原流は「弓・馬・礼」の三法をもって小笠原流とするが、その正統な継承権を有する家元のこと。
- The Ogasawara-ryu consists of the three arts of 'archery, horsemanship and courtesy', which are officially handed down by the Iemoto (head of the school).
- 明治天皇・大正天皇・昭和天皇と近代に入ってからも京都御所に於いて即位の礼が行われ続けていた。
- Even after the modern ages, Sokui no rei had been continuously taken place at Kyoto Imperial Palace, and so were Emperor Meiji's, Emperor Taisho's and Emperor Showa's.
- 無礼討のために刀を抜いたが、相手に逃亡された場合なども武士の不名誉とされ処罰の対象であった。
- When a warrior pulled his sword out for Bureiuchi but the offender ran away, the warrior was punished because his deed was considered a warrior's dishonor.
- 工藤が舞台の高座にあがるとき一礼するが、江戸時代の劇場の櫓芝居小屋に敬意を表する意味である。
- Kudo bows when he goes on the raised platform of the stage in order to pay respect to the licensed theatre during Edo period.
- 烏帽子(えぼし)とは平安時代から近代にかけて和装での礼服着装の際に成人男性が被った帽子のこと。
- Eboshi was the headwear which an adult man put on when he wore a Japanese formal attire from the Heian period to modern times.
- 武田流(たけだりゅう)は弓術・馬術・礼法などからなる弓馬軍礼故実(弓馬故実・武家故実)の流派。
- Takeda-ryu is one of the schools of the Kyuba-gunrei Kojitsu (Japanese ancient practices of customs about archery, equestrian and military etiquette).
- 厄よけの身代りでもあることから、なるべく身分が高く姿の美しい人形が、婚礼道具として勧められる。
- As they were also meant to protect the bride from ill fortune, it was commended to furnish the wedding trousseau with the most grand and beautiful doll.
- 現在では未婚の女性が、裾模様の黒留袖や色留袖、訪問着に相当する格式の礼装として着ることが多い。
- In recent years, furisode is often worn by young unmarried women as a type of formal dress, since furisode are now seen as equally formal and appropriate as black or colored formal susomoyo (kimono with a pattern on the skirt) and homongi (a kind of semi-formal kimono for women).
- こうした礼式には逸見氏・武田氏・小笠原氏・伊勢氏・吉良氏などの家々に独自の伝があったとという。
- It is said that some clans such as the Henmi clan, Takeda clan, Ogasawara clan, Ise clan, and the Kira clan had originated the code of etiquette.
- ただ、戦国時代の一時期、没落した小笠原家に変わり、日置吉田流一門が宮中で射礼を行った事もある。
- However, for a certain period of time during the Sengoku period (period of Warring States), instead of the declining Ogasawara family, the Heki-Yoshida school group performed the ceremonial shootings in the Imperial Court.
- またそれは日本でも同じであるが、江戸時代には弓術や弓道、祭礼や文化になり消え去る事はなかった。
- In addition, this was also true in Japan, but Yumiya developed into Japanese archery, Kyudo (Japanese archery), used in rites and festivals and culture during the Edo period so, it did not disappear.
- 遣明船は本字号勘合を1号から順次持参し,浙江の布政司(行政府)と北京の礼部で底簿と照合される。
- The Japanese envoy ship dispatched to Ming China brought the Honjigo Kango in order from No.1, and they were compared with the Honji Kango teibo in the executive office in Zhejiang and the Ministry of Civil Administration in Beijing.
- これを小万が止めようとしているところに、了心が戻ってきて旧主が三五郎に会って礼を言うと伝える。
- When Koman is trying to stop him, Ryoshin comes back and tells them that his former master wants to thank them directly for preparing the money.
- そのため、婚礼や式典、葬儀など正式な場面での使用は厳禁で、マナーに外れ失礼とする考え方もある。
- Therefore, there are views that using obidome in formal occasions such as a wedding or funeral ceremony was strictly prohibited, because it was considered to be rude and bad-mannered.
- だが、現在は麻の礼服自体が珍しく、もっぱら絹(絽や紗といった薄手の物)に染められることが多い。
- However, hemp full dresses themselves are rare nowadays, and the Chaya-zome is mostly done on silk (thin silk, such as silk gauze, including Ro and Sha fabrics in Japanese).
- また生後の氏神参りを他宗教でいう洗礼とみなし、これをもって神道の一員になるという解釈も出来る。
- The custom of bringing a baby to the deity of the clan (ujigami) after birth may be interpreted as a kind of baptism of other religions, which gives the membership of Shinto.
- 近代の忘年会がお祭りムードに変化したのは明治時代からで、無礼講などのキャッチフレーズで広まった。
- It was the Meiji period when the present Bonenkai, a festive event was established; it was widespread with catchphrases such as Bureiko (unrestricted binge).
- ちらし寿司は家庭で作られる機会も多く、祭礼などハレとケの日の手作り料理として供されることが多い。
- Chirashi-zushi is often made at home, and is often served as homemade dish on days of hare and ke (sacred-profane dichotomy) such as rites and festivals.
- 現在では儀礼が簡略化され、中日の挨拶などは略されることが多いが、初日と千秋楽は重要視されている。
- Although these formalities especially nakabi's compliment have been simplified these days, importance is still placed on shonichi and senshuraku.
- 一方、祭囃子など、祭礼音楽では口承と手真似による伝承が主で、楽譜の使用は一部地域に限られていた。
- Meanwhile, in the music for rites and festivals such as matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music) music was been handed down orally and by imitation, while notation was used in only some areas.
- 和辻哲郎は奈良帝室博物館に寄託されていた本像を見た感想を『古寺巡礼』(1919年)で述べている。
- Tetsuro WATSUJI made remarks in 'Koji Junrei' (1919) about this statue, which was deposited at the Imperial Household Museum of Nara.
- また程頤に私淑した胡安国は『春秋』に注して『胡氏春秋伝』を著し、『周礼』に基づく新学を批判した。
- Additionally, Ko Ankoku, who adored Tei I (Cheng Yi), wrote annotation for 'Shunju' in 'Ko's Annotation of Spring and Autumn Annals,' and criticized the New learning, which was based on 'Rites of Zhou.'
- その門下に北周の熊安生(ゆうあんせい)がおり、とりわけ三礼に通じて『礼記義疏』などの著作がある。
- Among the disciples was Yu Ansei of Northern Zhou, who was especially knowledgeable about Sanrai, and wrote 'Interpretation Learning of Raiki' etc.
- つまりこのとき、本家としての総領家と、弓馬礼法の宗家との家がはじめて歴史的に分離したことになる。
- This was the first time that the position of 'Soke' had been separated from the main family.
- 十八代・貞慶は、「三議一統」後に加えられた記述をし、武家礼法を「小笠原礼書七冊」としてまとめる。
- The 18th generation of the family, Sadayoshi, wrote about changes since the 'Sangiitto', compiling them into the 'Seven Volumes of Ogasawara Etiqutte', which covered samurai etiquette.
- 京都府左京区にある賀茂神社の祭礼葵祭の行列では、牛車を引く牛までもがフタバアオイの葉を頭に飾る。
- In the Aoi Festival parade (Hollyhock flower Festival), a festival of Kamo-jinja Shrine in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto Prefecture, even the oxen pulling the gissha (ox-drawn carriage) wear leaves of Hollyhock on its head.
- ○○宗単立、○○派単立などというように、教義・儀礼は伝統宗派や教派に則っていることも珍しくない。
- As seen in XX-shu (sect) Tanritsu, and XX-ha (school) Tanritsu, it is not unusual that some Tanritsu follow tenets and rituals of traditional religious schools or sects.
- 四国八十八箇所詣などの霊場巡りでは、巡礼中に着ている白衣(びゃくえ)に御朱印をもらう場合もある。
- In a sacred ground tour such as the 88 Shikoku sacred sites pilgrimage, goshuin may be given on a byakue costume to be worn during the pilgrimage.
- なお、秩父宮妃勢津子は婚礼の時経緯とも緑の、緑裏の唐衣を用いて青色と称したが、近代の新儀であろう。
- At her wedding, Princess Chichibu Setsuko wore karaginu with green warp and weft, and a green lining, but this was referred to as blue, which may be a new definition that arose in early modern times.
- 1872年には、当時の明治政府が大礼服を定め、勅任官は、その上着に「五七桐」を用いることとされた。
- In 1872, the Meiji Government designated taireifuku (court dress, full-dress uniform), and ruled that imperial appointees had to have 'Goshichinokiri' on their taireifuku jackets.
- 上記の「祭礼(祭り)や市や縁日などが催される、境内、参道や門前町」を庭場という。(以下庭場と記述)
- The ground of shrines or temples, on the approach to them or in temple towns during festivals, markets, and fairs' mentioned above are known as niwaba (literally meaning 'yard' and described 'niwaba' hereinafter).
- 正月に行われていた弓の技を試す「射礼」(じゃらい)という行事に使われた弓矢に由来するとされている。
- The words 'Hamaya' and 'Hamayumi' are derived from the bow and arrow used in a New Year event called 'Jarai,' in which people pit their skills in Japanese archery against one another.
- こうして、当時の日本人成人男子は通過儀礼として誰もが「褌」を締めなければならない環境下に置かれた。
- Thus, it was mandatory for every Japanese adult man had to wear 'fundoshi loincloth' as a rite of passage.
- 一方、十二単を着るほどでもなく、平服でも失礼な場合の時に着用する着物として小袿なる物が発明される。
- Meanwhile, kouchigi (literally 'small uchigi') were created for occasions when juni-hitoe were too formal, but everyday clothes might be impolite.
- 悔過は諸仏の名前を唱えた後、十一面観音の姿や功徳を列挙して唱句を斉唱し、一句ごとに礼拝を繰り返す。
- In Keka, after chanting the names of various Buddhas, they chorus shoku reckoning up the figure or kudoku of Eleven-faced Kannon and adore repeatedly by each verse.
- 封建時代は終わり、1885年に当時の文部卿森有礼によって儒教的な道徳教育を規制する命令が出された。
- The feudal period ended, and in 1885, the then Monbukyo (chief of Ministry of Education), Arinori MORI, issued an order to restrict Confucian ethics education.
- それにより、一般には流派の本質ではない「礼儀作法=堅苦しい=小笠原」イメージがついてしまっている。
- Due to this, an image of 'courtesy and manners = strict and rigid = Ogasawara' developed, although as a rule this was not what the school advocated.
- 道統とは小笠原の弓・馬・礼の三法の総取り仕切り役の正統継承を意味し、一般用語では「宗家」にあたる。
- Doto means the formal succession of responsibility for the three arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy, and is equivalent to the more common 'Soke'.
- 表現形態として、権現(神仏が仮の姿で現れた神)などの神格や王子(参詣途上で儀礼を行う場所)がある。
- Visible objects for worship include Gongen (where gongen, a god or Buddha appearing in a temporary shape, is enshrined) and Oji (a place to conduct rituals en route to pilgrimage).
- 同月27日の即位の礼当日は、宣明使が宣明を読み上げ、参列者中筆頭位の者が寿詞を読、古歌を歌われた。
- On the 27th of the same month, the day of Sokui no rei, a proclaimer read out the manifesto, and highest ranked attendant offered congratulations and recited an old poem.
- なお、大牟礼山/大村山は「おおむれさん」と読み、大内軍の陣があったことから戦闘名としても使われる。
- 大牟礼山 and 大村山 (Mt. Omure) read 'Omure san', which was also used as the battle name because the OUCHI army pitched camp there.
- サウジアラビア政府は巡礼地での礼拝時の宗教的興奮において起こると危惧される政治的混乱を恐れている。
- The Saudi Arabian government is wary of political confusion that may occur during times of religious excitement during worship time at pilgrimage sites.
- 巡礼は宗教色が強く、巡拝はどちらかと言えば観光や娯楽の意味合いが強いとされるが、明確な区別はない。
- Junrei has a more religious aspect and Junpai is generally geared towards sightseeing and leisure, but there is no clear distinction in meaning.
- これをマルティリウムといい、礼拝の場である教会と並び、キリスト教コミュニティの重要な中心となった。
- This was called 'martyrium' and along with the church, which was a place for worship, this became an important core of the Christian community.
- つまり、近代以前の法観念においては礼銭と賄賂の境界線は微妙で曖昧であったことに留意する必要がある。
- In short, it is necessary to bear in mind that the line between the reisen and bribery was subtle and ambiguous in the legal concepts before the modern era.
- 8代松翁宗完は明治8年(1875年)にタワフル夕顔蒔絵の立礼卓を考案し、表千家に立礼式を受容した。
- The eighth generation grandmaster, Sokan MATSUO, designed Ryurei-joku (a set of tea service table and chair) called 'Tafel yugao makie' (table with lacquer craft of moonflowers), and subsequently obtained recognition of the ryurei-shiki (chair-style tea ceremony) in the Omotesenke.
- 第二次世界大戦後、現家元、小川後楽 (6代目)は、畳に座らず椅子と机を用いる立礼での手前を定めた。
- After the end of World War II, today's head of the school, Koraku OGAWA the sixth defined the temae in Ryurei method by using chairs and tables for not sitting directly on a tatami mat.
- 婚礼行列が婚家に到着すると、まず初めに貝桶を新婦側から婚家側に引き渡す「貝桶渡し」の儀式が行われた。
- After the procession arrived in a bridegroom's residence, 'kaioke watashi' was conducted as the first ritual, in which kaioke was handed over from the bride's side to the groom's side.
- また余興、騎射の腕を競う勝負事として、儀礼的な側面が強く敷居の高い流鏑馬とは別に独自の発展を遂げた。
- Also, as a form of entertainment, wagers were made on the skills of the horseback archery competitors which led to the 'Kasakake' form developing separately and independently from the more formalized and somewhat awkward 'Yabusame' form of horseback archery.
- 以後は竹原家が継承し、熊本藩藩校時習館では二条流和歌や礼法とともに武田流の流鏑馬が必修科目とされた。
- After that, the Takehara family inherited it and at Jishukan, a domain school of the Kumamoto Domain, Yabusame of Takeda-ryu became a compulsory subject along with Nijyo style waka (Japanese traditional poems) and manners.
- 古典的な儀式や儀礼の場では縁起物として扱われ、結納の際に相手方に納める品としても代表的なものである。
- At traditional ceremonies or rituals, surume is regarded as a token of good luck being a representative item among betrothal gifts for the other party.
- ハレ(晴れ)は儀礼や祭、年中行事などの「非日常」、ケ(褻)はふだんの生活である「日常」を表している。
- Hare (noticeably cheerful and formal situations or such places) represents rituals, festivals and annual events that are 'non-ordinary,' while ke represents 'ordinary,' that is everyday life.
- 祭囃子、神楽、獅子舞等、各地の祭礼に古来から用いられてきた篠笛を便宜的に「囃子用」「古典調」と呼ぶ。
- Shinobue which have been used since ancient times for the rites and festivals in various places such as matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music), kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrines), and shishimai (lion dance) are called 'hayashi-yo' (lit. for hayashi (musical accompaniment played on traditional Japanese instruments)) shinobue or 'koten-cho' (lit. classical style) shinobue.
- 令制によれば、一品親王以下、臣下の位階に至るまでは、当色(とうじき=服の色目)は礼服と同じであった。
- According to the ritsuryo code, from Ippon Shinno (the first-ranked Imperial Prince) down to subjects the tojiki (the color corresponding to one's official rank) of chofuku was the same as that of raifuku (formal attire).
- 馬長は祭礼において朝廷などが寄進した馬に乗る役目をもった風流で、八坂神社の御霊会などで行われていた。
- Umaosa was furyu, a divine dance performed by a child who rode on a horse dedicated by the Imperial Court, that was held in goryoe (a spirit-pacifying ceremony) of the Yasaka-jinja Shrine.
- 都七福神(みやこしちふくじん)は、京都府京都市内の7箇所の社寺から構成される七福神めぐりの巡礼札所。
- Miyako shichifukujin are stamp places for pilgrims to visit seven deities of good fortune, which consist of seven temples and shrines in Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- なお、江戸初期まで武家の男性は婚礼において直垂または大紋、素襖を着用し、くだけた場でも裃を着ていた。
- Until the Edo period, males from warrior families wore Hitatare, Daimon, and Suo for wedding ceremonies, and they even wore Kamishimo on informal occasions.
- 国民服令では、「礼装」をする場合、つまり儀式などで礼服を着る場合は、国民服の様式が細かく定められた。
- In the National Uniform Edict, the combinations of the clothes were strictly prescribed for occasions requiring full dress, i.e., for wearing the national uniform as formal clothing to attend ceremonies.
- 小笠原流では歩射と騎射は別物であり、「歩射」「騎射」「礼法」と分けて考えられ免許もそれぞれ別にある。
- Ogasawara school regards Busha and Kisha differently and it divides 'Busha,' 'Kisha,' and 'code of etiquette' and gives licenses separately.
- それでいて、構造的な壁面と違って、その部屋の役割や個性や室礼(しつらい)に重要な役割を果たしている。
- However, different from the walls which make up the structure, it plays an important part in the role, characteristics and Shitsurai of the room.
- 祭礼用の丸木弓の小弓や、御弓始めの神事などでは実際に射るものは長弓であり、大きさや形状は様々である。
- There were various bows in size and shapes such as a short bow of maruki-yumi (bow made from a small sapling or tree limb, often catalpa wood, that had a centered grip), and long bows actually used for festivals and rituals and in the Shinto rituals of Oyumi-hajime (Honorable First Bow).
- 島根の大社地方を中心に古くから作り伝えられてきた細工蒲鉾は、婚礼(披露宴)の引出物として有名である。
- Saiku kamoboko in the Oyashiro region of Shimane Prefecture has a long tradition and is famous for the 'hikidemono' used for weddings.
- 西国三十三箇所の観音菩薩を巡礼参拝すると、現世で犯したあらゆる罪業が消滅し、極楽往生できるとされる。
- It is believed that all the sins committed throughout one's lifetime would be washed away and a person would go to paradise if he/she made the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon in western provinces.
- 藤孝の子・細川忠興と明智光秀の娘・玉(細川ガラシャ)の婚礼における玉姫輿入請取役は康之が行っている。
- At the wedding between Tadaoki HOSOKAWA (a son of Fujitaka) and Princess Tama (Gracia HOSOKAWA, a daughter of Mitsuhide AKECHI), Yasuyuki served as the organizer for Tama.
- 1947年(昭和22年) - 皇室典範で単に「即位の礼を行う」とし、大嘗祭と場所は規定されなかった。
- 1947: The Imperial Household Act plainly states that the Sokui no rei (enthronement ceremony) will be performed, and there is no provision for the Daijosai or place for it.
- 一条兼定の嫡男 一条内政は大津御所と称され、土佐一条家最後の当主 一条政親は、久礼田御所と称された。
- The eldest son and heir of Kanesada ICHIJO, Tadamasa ICHIJO was referred to as Otsu Gosho, and the last head of the Tosa-Ichijo family, Masachika ICHIJO was called Kureda Gosho.
- なお、これは「サンティアゴ・デ・コンポステーラの巡礼路」(スペイン)と共に珍しい道の世界遺産である。
- It is a rare example of roads which have been registered as a word heritage site, along with ` Way of St. James' (Spain).
- 1928年(昭和3年)11月6日、昭和天皇は即位の礼を執り行う為、宮城を出発し、京都御所へ向かった。
- On November 6, 1928 (Showa 3), Emperor Showa left Miyagi and went to Kyoto Imperial Palace to hold the Sokui no rei.
- 基本的には即位の礼を行い、天下に自分が天皇の位を継いだことを示すことで、昔は践祚との区別はなかった。
- It basically refers to the act of the new emperor or empress demonstrating that he or she has succeeded the predecessor by holding the Sokui no rei (ceremony of the enthronement), and there was no distinction between sokui and senso (accession to the throne) in the past.
- 当時、一般の大名当主は五位に叙せられる慣例となっていたから、つまり大紋は大名の礼服となったのである。
- In those days, ordinary daimyos were customarily appointed to the Fifth Rank, so Daimon became a formal wear for daimyos.
- また、巡礼者を惹きつけるために他の教会から聖遺物を盗んできたり、偽造するということもあったとされる。
- It is also said that relics were sometimes stolen from other churches or faked in order to gather pilgrims.
- 春日若宮おん祭(かすがわかみやおんまつり)は、奈良県奈良市の春日大社の摂社若宮で行われる祭礼である。
- Kasuga Wakamiya Onmatsuri is a festival held at Sesha Wakamiya shrine (a subordinate shrine) of Kasuga-taisha Shrine in Nara City, Nara Prefecture.
- また「神事相撲」は、農作物の豊凶を占い、五穀豊穣を祈り、神々の加護に感謝するための農耕儀礼であった。
- Also 'shinji sumo' (Shinto ritual sumo) was held as an agricultural rite in order to find out if they would have a rich or poor harvest, or pray for a rich harvest, and to thank for divine protection.
- また、土中の邪気を払う意味の儀礼である四股は重視され、神事相撲の多くではこの所作が重要視されている。
- Shiko (a sumo wrestler's ceremonial leg raising and stomping) is important as it is believed to get rid of evil from the ground, and great importance is attached to many Shinto ritual sumo matches.
- 上記のだんじりの内の一つで、近畿地方の主に和泉国・河内国・摂津国地域の祭礼で登場する地車(だんじり)。
- Danjiri refers to the type of float --- one of the above mentioned --- that appears mainly in festivals of the former Izumi Province, Kawachi Province, and Settsu Province (the present Hyogo and Osaka Prefectures) in the Kinki region.
- しかし、互助活動に対しての謝礼の授受が今でいう民事介入と言う表現になりやくざと同一視される由縁である。
- However, the system of rewards that existed as part of their mutual assistance activities developed into what is now called 'minji kainyu' (essentially protection rackets) and which is seemed associated with the yakuza.
- 平安時代以降は騎射様式が整理され、流鏑馬・犬追物・笠懸などが成立し、神事・祭礼行事として行われ始める。
- After the Heian period, the form of kisha was settled and yabusame (the art of shooting arrows on horseback), inuoumono (dog-hunting event, needing archery skills), and kasagake (a horseback archery competition) were established, and they started to be used in Shinto rituals and festival events.
- 一方で必ずしも練習用、初心者用に限ったものではなく、「巻藁射礼」等、作法に乗っ取った礼法、演武もある。
- On the other hand, makiwara are not only used for practice or for beginners, but require some archery techniques based on manners and enbu (military exercises), including makiwara-jarei (a way of ceremonial shooting to aim at a straw target).
- 生地は木綿、絹などがあるが、最礼式は羽二重と呼ばれる特殊な絹織物で、無地の場合、色は黒が正式とされる。
- The natural substance of montsuki kosode is cotton, silk or another material, while the best-quality cloth used for the kosode is the special silk cloth called 'habutae' (a smooth, glossy silk cloth that's finely woven), and habutae's formal color is black when the solid-color type is chosen.
- そのような意味では、「わび茶」の発生とは「名物」を礼賛する価値観への否定であったことをよく示している。
- In that sense, the birth of 'wabicha' (a tea ceremony style that appreciates the beauty of simplicity, austerity and poverty) is a good example of denying the values of praising 'meibutsu'.
- 養老律令の衣服令によると、礼服・朝服・制服の形式・色彩は、それぞれの地位や役職によって違うものだった。
- According to the clothing code of the Yoro Ritsuryo Code, the forms and colors of Raifuku, Chofuku, and uniforms differ to differentiate each status and official position.
- なお東海寺では禅師の名を呼び捨てにするのは非礼であるという考えから、『百本』という呼び名を用いている。
- By the way, at Tokai-ji Temple, takuan-zuke is referred to as 'Hyappon' based on their belief that it is discourteous to use the name of Zenji without an honorific.
- これは五経の一つである礼記の王制篇に『王者之制禄爵 公候伯子男 凡五等』とあるのにならったものである。
- This was based on the description in the king system part of Raiki (Book of Rites), one of Gokyo (Five Classics), that 'The salary and title in the king's system is commonly classified into five ranks including Ko (公), Ko (候), Haku, Shi, Dan.'
- 巡礼の道中に、開基である徳道上人や再興させた花山法皇のゆかりの寺院が番外霊場として3か所含まれている。
- The pilgrimage route of the Saigoku Sanjusankasho includes, as additional holy places, three more temples associated with the founder of the pilgrimage Saint Tokudo and Cloistered Emperor Kazan, who revitalized it.
- 義経は建礼門院と守貞親王それに捕虜を連れて京へ戻り、範頼は九州に残って戦後の仕置きを行うことになった。
- Yoshitsune returned to the capital accompanied by Tokuko and Imperial Prince Morisada as prisoners of war, while Noriyori remained in Kyushu, meting out postwar punishments.
- 十八代(侯爵) 徳川義礼 (高松藩松平(まつだいら)〔水戸(みと)〕家から養子、夫人は十七代慶勝の娘)
- The eighteenth (a marquis): Yoshiakira TOKUGAWA (adopted from the Takamatsu Matsudaira family; his wife was a daughter of the seventeenth lord, Yoshikatsu)
- また、登下校時や単に前を通過する際にも、職員生徒全てが服装を正してから最敬礼するように定められていた。
- Moreover, they had to make a deep bow after straightening their clothes not only when they arrived at school and left school, but also whenever they passed in front of the portraits.
- 世の中が落ち着いたため、巡礼の目的は来世の救済から現世利益が中心となり、観光の目的も含むようになった。
- As the world became settled, the pilgrimage came to be aimed mainly to gain benefit in this world instead of salvation in the afterlife, and also came to contain the purpose of sightseeing.
- 平安時代末期ごろから貴族を中心として熊野三山・高野山・伊勢神宮への参詣巡礼が盛んに行われるようになった。
- From about the end of the Heian period, people, mainly nobles, often made a visit or a pilgrimage to the Kumano-sanzan (three major shrines of the Kumano-hongu-taisha Shrine, the Kumano-hayatama-taisha Shrine and the Kumano-nachi-taisha Shrine), the Koya-san mountains and the Ise-jingu Shrine.
- 彼ら三阿弥が3代にわたって編纂した『君台観左右帳記』は、こうした室礼における唐物の価値体系を伝えている。
- They, san-ami (three-ami) for three generations, edited 'Kundaikan Sochoki' (catalogue of the shogunal collection with display instructions) in which the set of values of karamono in such a shitsurai was described.
- また、地方では、祭礼の際に行われる簡易の芝居を、それぞれの地方名を冠した俄として伝承している地域もある。
- In some regional parts of Japan, a simplified play performed at festive occasions is handed down through the generations as 'such-and-such niwaka' prefixing it with the region's name.
- これは「打ち指」と呼ばれる伝統的演奏技法であり、祭囃子・神楽・獅子舞等の祭礼音楽において特に多用される。
- This is a traditional technique for playing the shinobue which is called 'uchiyubi' (lit. tapping finger), and it is often used in the music of rites and festivals such as matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music), kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine), and shishimai (lion dance).
- 当時は小笠原流などの礼法が盛んな時代であり、料理の流派としては中納言山陰政朝を始祖とする四条流が興った。
- At that time, many schools of etiquette, including the Ogasawara school, thrived, and as a school for cooking, the Shijo school with YAMAKAGE no Masatomo as its founder was established.
- 元服(げんぶく、げんぷく)とは、平安時代以降、公家・武家の間で行われた男子の成人式という通過儀礼である。
- Genpuku was a coming-of-age celebration for boys, a rite of passage held among Court nobles and samurai families since the Heian period.
- 座って挨拶をするときに、胸元から畳んだ状態の扇子を自らの膝前に置き、それを境にするように相手に礼を行う。
- When a person sits on the floor as a greeting, he takes out a folded Sensu from within the front overlap of his kimono (usually) and places it in front of his knees, before saying his greeting or thank-yous, considering the folded Sensu as a border line.
- 「五念門」とは、「礼拝門」 「讃嘆門」 「作願門」 「観察門」(かんざつもん) 「回向門」の5つをさす。
- The 'gonenmon' refers to 'reihaimon' (the gate of worship), 'santanmon' (the gate of praise), 'saganmon' (the gate of aspiration) 'kanzatsumon' (the gate of contemplation) and 'ekomon' (the gate of directing virtue).
- 王安石は特に『周官新義』を重んじ、『周礼』に基づく中央集権国家の樹立を目指し、さまざまな新法を実施した。
- Anseki O (Wang Anshi) especially valued the 'New annotation of Shukan,' and implemented various new acts, aiming to establish a centralized government based on 'Rites of Zhou.'
- それだけに、恩師に対する「礼」は深く、先生を敬う等儒教文化が良い意味で深く浸透しているという意見もある。
- Thus, they have a strong sense of 'politeness' towards former teachers, and some say that the Ju-kyo culture of respecting teachers, etc. is deeply rooted in good sense.
- 近年、本家筋の子孫が小笠原流礼法の商標を無断で登録して宗家を称したことにより裁判沙汰になった事実がある。
- Recently, desecendants of the main branch of the family were taken to court for registering Ogasawara-ryu Reiho as a trademark and using the Soke title.
- 高水寺斯波氏は、名族であることから「斯波御所」「奥の斯波殿」と尊称され、書札礼でも大崎氏と同格であった。
- The Kosuiji Shiba clan was such a distinguished family that it was referred to as the honorific titles like 'Shiba-gosho' and 'Oku no Shiba-dono' and was on the same level as the Osaki clan in the Shosatsurei (Remarks on the Concept of Epistolary Etiquette).
- 現在の日本の天皇の即位の礼が先代天皇の数え年で死後3年目に行われるのも、この「諒闇」の観念によっている。
- It came from this concept of ryoan that the Emperor's ceremony of the enthronement is now held three years, counting in the old Japanese way, after the late Emperor's death.
- 国歌は、近代西洋において生まれ、幕末、日本が開国した時点において、外交儀礼上欠かせないものとなっていた。
- The national anthem was born in the modern Occident and, when Japan opened the country to foreigners in the last days of the Edo Period, it had become indispensable for diplomatic ceremonies.
- 「勢揃い」は木遣歌や神田祭礼の唄が流れる中、粋な鳶の者の名乗りだけを見せる顔見世形式の華麗な一幕である。
- Seizoroi' is a lavish act of all star performance showing only the scene of fashionablefirefighters identifying themselves while songs such as A log-carriers' [lumber-carriers'] chant [song] and Kanda Matsuri Festival songs are being played.
- 本能寺の変に取材した『祇園祭礼信仰記』・『三日太平記』・『絵本太功記』などの先行諸作品をもとにしている。
- 'Toki wa Ima Kikyo no Hataage' is based on previous plays such as 'Gion Sairei Shinkoki' (The Gion Festival Chronicle of Faith), 'Mikka Taiheiki' (Three-day Chronicle of Grand Pacification), and 'Ehon Taikoki' (The Illustrated Chronicles of the Regent), all covering 'the Honnoji Incident' (in 1582, when Nobunaga ODA was killed.)
- 驚いた五右衛門が手裏剣を打つと久吉は柄杓でそれを受け止め、「巡礼にご報謝」と双方にらみ合って再会を期す。
- Goemon is surprised and hurls a shuriken (short or small sword for throwing) against Hisayoshi, Hisayoshi catches it with a dipper (for visitors to wash hands and rinse mouth in the temple), Goemon says, 'it's a present to you, pilgrim', then the two men glare at each other, swearing to meet again.
- 阪東主演作だけでなく、草間実、梅若礼三郎、市川松之助らの主演映画も製作して、松竹に納入することとなった。
- The company therefore had to produce not only films starring Bando, but also films starring actors such as Minoru KUSAMA, Reizaburo UMEWAKA and Matsunosuke ICHIKAWA, and then deliver them to Shochiku.
- 日本古来の春の農耕儀礼に中国の大祀祈殻の要素を取り入れて、律令国家祭祀として成立したものと考えられている。
- Combined with the Chinese ceremony to pray for the good crop, the ancient Japanese ritual of agriculture in spring is deemed to have been renewed as the ritual of the nation under ritsuryo.
- 贈答品を渡す際は、直接手で持って渡すことは失礼にあたるとされ、風呂敷に包んで持参するのが礼儀とされている。
- When one is giving a gift, it is considered impolite to give it directly by hand and it is instead considered polite to take it being wrapped in Furoshiki.
- 平安末期以後には祭礼の山車や衣装、宴席の州浜台などに施された華美な趣向を指して「風流」と呼ぶようになった。
- After the end of the Heian Period, festival floats and clothes and the elaborate designs of the theater Suhamadai (standing trays with sandbar patterns) were called 'Furyu.'
- 庶民の祭礼(祭囃子)、神楽里神楽(里神楽)、獅子舞には篠笛が多く見られるが、龍笛や能管を用いる地方もある。
- Shinobue were often used in the rites and festivals (matsuri-bayashi festival music) of common people, satokagura (kagura dances held at somewhere other than the imperial court) and the shishimai (lion dance), but ryuteki or Nohkan were used in some regions.
- 黒・色共に原則として既婚女性用の第一礼装であるが、最近では色留袖が未婚の女性に着用されることも多くなった。
- In principle, both Kurotomesode and Irotomesode are full dress for married women, but these days, an increasing number of unmarried women wear Irotomesode.
- 縮緬や綸子など高価な正絹で作られている礼装の和服の洗濯の料金は高いので、正装の和服を洗濯する頻度は少ない。
- As the prices for washing expensive formal Wafuku that is made of pure silk like silk crepe or figured satin are high, formal Wafuku are not frequently washed.
- 礼装しない場合の国民服の甲号では、上衣と「袴」だけが茶褐色であり、他の部分の色は「適宜」とだけ指定された。
- For occasions other than requiring full dress with the Kogo type national uniform, it was specified that only Joi and 'Hakama' should be brown and other clothes were specified as 'discretionary.'
- 養老律令が制定された718年の時点で、文官の礼服を構成する物の中に、襴がついた服があったと推定されている。
- It is considered that Raifuku for civil officers included layered clothing during 718 when the Yoro Ritsuryo Code was promulgated.
- 1から転じて、仏教における葬送儀礼の1つで、葬儀において僧侶が死者に対して読経を行った後に読誦される法語。
- Indo has expanded in meaning to be a Buddhist word that also describes the prayers a monk says to the dead after reading the sutra, which is one of the rituals performed at Buddhist funerals.
- 一方、王守仁と同時代の黄佐は郷村社会で用いられる郷礼を作るため朱熹の『家礼』を参考に『泰泉郷礼』を著した。
- Meanwhile, Kosa, from the same period as O Shujin, wrote 'Taisen Gorei' (Courtesy in villages) drawing upon 'Karei' (courtesy among cultured people) by Chu His to create courtesy in villages for use in village societies.
- その弟子、鄭玄(じょうげん)は三礼注を中心に五経全体に矛盾なく貫通する理論を構築し、漢代経学を集大成した。
- His disciple, Jo Gen (Zheng Xuan) developed a theory centered around Sanreichu and running through the entire Five Classics without contradictions, and compiled the learning of Keisho in the Han Dynasty.
- 現在では流鏑馬など故実の祭礼式などで使用され、また飾り矢として邪を払う縁起の良いものとして親しまれている。
- Nowadays, it is used in rituals that succeed ancient customs such as yabusame (archery on horseback), and it is also regarded as lucky, and is well known as Kazariya (decorative arrow) that removes negative vibes.
- 室町時代、禅宗文化が栄え、茶礼が盛んになったが、上層階級の間では、義政の時代まで闘茶も広く親しまれていた。
- The sarei became popular as the Zen culture became prosperous during Muromachi period, and tocha was widely popular within the upper class people until the time of Yoshimasa.
- 礼を述べた二人が孫七と話すをするうち、与兵衛は多賀家の家臣高橋瀬左衛門の弟で、孫七は瀬左衛門の旧臣と知る。
- They thank Magoshichi and chat with him, and then it is disclosed that Yohei is the younger brother of Sezaemon TAKAHASHI, a vassal of the Taga family, whom Magoshichi used to serve.
- 近世の公家日記には、指袴で出仕中急に天皇に御礼言上する必要が生じたので指貫に着替えたといった記事もみられる。
- In kuge-nikki (noblemen's diaries) in the early-modern times, there are articles that describe someone wearing sashiko while serving who suddenly needed to change his clothes to sashinuki to say thank the emperor.
- いわゆる「かどはき」「水まき」は、自分の家の前だけで、隣にまでおよんでは失礼であるという暗黙の了解もあった。
- Also, there was a tacit understanding that 'kadohaki' and 'mizumaki' should be done only in front of one's own house and doing it in front of neighboring house was considered to be impolite.
- 伝書などに準拠し純歴史学的に再興したもの(但し1、2の流派で明治以降も祭礼等で細々と伝承されたものもある)。
- One that revived in terms of pure historical studies, based on densho (books on the esoterica) and so on (however, even after the Meiji period, it was obscurely inherited in rites and festivals and so on of one or two schools).
- 国民服の甲号で礼装する場合、上衣、「袴」(形は洋服のズボン)、帽子、外套の全ての色が「茶褐色」と決められた。
- For the full dress Kogo type national uniform, it was specified that 'brown' should be selected for all of Joi, 'Hakama' that seemed like trousers, cap, and overcoat.
- 特に細川幽斎とは親しく、弓術を教授したほか、幽斎配下の故実家小笠原秀清(少斎)から故実・礼法を学んだという。
- He was an intimate friend of Yusai HOSOKAWA; besides teaching him archery, it is said that he learnt Kojitsu (ancient customs) and rules of decorum from Yusai's follower Hidekiyo (Shosai) OGASAWARA, who was an authority of ancient customs.
- 黒い羅を漆で固めて作ったものが一般的だが、即位の礼や朝賀の儀の際に着用した礼冠と呼ばれる金属製の冠もあった。
- Court caps were generally made from black ra (thin silk) covered with lacquer, but there were also metal caps called reikan which were worn at the Sokui no Rei (Ceremony of the Enthronement) and the Choga no Gi (ceremony held on the New Year's Day).
- 祭礼の雰囲気にみちた江戸前の曲と、賑やかで派手な振りの舞が特色で、これが『お祭』の通称の由来ともなっている。
- It is characterized by the Edomae (Tokyo style) song full of the atmosphere of rites and festivals, and by dance with the lively and dramatic choreography, and the common name, 'omatsuri,' came from those.
- 小野妹子の隋からの帰国の際に同行した答礼使が携えた下賜品に結ばれていた紅白の麻の紐が水引の起源であるとされる。
- It is said that the origin of Mizuhiki is a red and white hemp string which was tied around a gift from the Sui Dynasty to the Japanese government, which was brought back to Japan by the mission led by ONO no Imoko.
- また、定められた作法に則り、礼法に従って射を披露することを射礼や体配などという(「体配」とは日置流系の用語)。
- Besides, it is called Jarai (or Sharei) or Taikubari pose (体配) to shoot according to defined manner and rules of decorum ('Taikubari' is a term from the Heki schools).
- このうち、生七斎は、生者が自身の没後の安穏を祈願して行う儀礼であり、その故に「預修」(または「逆修」)という。
- Shoshichi-sai is a ceremony that the living people hold in order to wish for peace and comfort after their own deaths; so, it is called 'Yoshu' (practicing in advance; also known as 'Gyakushu [practicing in a reversed way]).
- その後、紙製の小さな人の形(形代(かたしろ))を作ってそれに穢れを移し、川や海に流して災厄を祓う祭礼になった。
- Later, the Hina-matsuri Festival turned out to be a rite or festival to purify people and prevent the causes of disaster by removing various stains from katashiro (a small human-shaped sheet of paper) by floating them in streams, rivers, or in the sea.
- 趣向によって、屋外を茶室に見立てる野点(のだて)や、テーブル・椅子を用いる立礼(りゅうれい)の茶事も行われる。
- Depending upon the occasion, chaji is performed in the form of nodate (outdoor tea making) which uses the outdoors in place of the tea room and ryurei (table seated style) which uses tables and chairs.
- 小笠原姓は長清が高倉天皇から賜ったとされ、源頼朝をはじめとする武将の糾法(弓馬術礼法)師範を代々つとめていた。
- The family name Ogasawara is believed to have been given by Emperor Takakura, and starting with Yoritomo MINAMOTO, the clan served for generations as instructors of Kyuho to military commanders.
- 京都小笠原氏の一族は将軍側近の有力武将として重きをなすとともに、幕府初期から的始めなどの幕府儀礼参加している。
- The Kyoto-Ogasawara clan played an important role as powerful military commander close to shogun and participated in ceremonies of bakufu such as Mato-hajime (first shoot in beginning of year), since the beginning of bakufu.
- また、とりわけ、六時礼讃の念仏に節をつけた念仏興行で人気を博していた安楽房遵西や法本房行空が攻撃の的にされた。
- In particular, Anrakubo Junsai and Hohonbo Gyoku were attacked because of their popularity with Nenbutsu shows which featured a tune similar to the Rokuji-Raisan nenbutsu.
- 焼畑農法でソバを栽培していたような山村にあっても、蕎麦切りは祭礼や正月、来客時のごちそうであると認識されていた。
- Even in rural areas where buckwheat was cultivated by slash-and-burn farming, sobakiri was recognized as a treat for special occasions such as holidays, New Year's and when having company.
- 使用については、儒教の「仁・義・礼・智・信」の五徳にかけたともされ、また「温・良・恭・倹・譲」にも通じるという。
- For adopting the gotokumon as a family crest, the pun for the Confucian gotoku ('humanity,' 'justice,' 'courtesy,' 'wisdom,' and 'faith') was intended, as well as for the other set of five Confucian virtues, 'calmness,' 'sincerity,' 'respect,' 'modesty,' and 'selflessness.'
- 本来の本経が、経典の体裁をとっておらず、はじめ、礼讃文や儀軌の類として制作された経緯に拠るものと考えられている。
- It is considered that originally written scriptures did not follow the style of Buddhist scriptures; they were made as examples to express raisan-mon (messages which expresses faith in the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha) or Giki (regulations prescribing Esoteric Buddhist ceremonies, incantations and services, and the iconography and standards to be used to make Buddhist statues and paintings).
- 日本においては仏教の葬儀様式に慣れた参列者の便宜を図り、前夜と当日との2日にわたって典礼を行うことが少なくない。
- In Japan, to meet the convenience of attendees accustomed to the style of Buddhist funerals, quite a number of rituals are held for two days, on the night before and on the day.
- 平安時代頃から、扇子(扇)はあおぐという役割だけでなく、儀礼や贈答、コミュニケーションの道具としても用いられた。
- A Sensu has been used as an expression of respect and good wishes and as a gift and as a communication tool since the Heian period, besides its function to create an airflow.
- 儀式によって使用する草花に違いがあり、多少は個人の趣味志向が反映されるがあくまで装身具とは違う儀礼の道具である。
- The flowers and leaves varied depending upon the ritual, and they were not considered accessories, but were absolutely tools for rituals, although some personal taste was reflected.
- 当初は11月に即位の礼を行う予定であったが、大政奉還など時勢が急速に変化していく中で国事多難を理由に見送られた。
- Although the Sokui no rei was originally going to be held in November, it was postponed because of the troubled national situation in the transitions of time, such as Restoration of the Imperial rule.
- 11月10日、即位の礼当日の参列者は勲一等以上の者665名、外国使節92名他、2,000名以上の参列者があった。
- On November 10, the attendants of the Sokui no rei was 2,000 or more besides the 665 persons ranked above the First Order of Merit and 92 foreign envoys.
- また、会所に集う人々によって、その場は「乱れがわし」くなり、また、「無礼ノ事多」かった、と批判的に書かれている。
- In addition, it also criticized that such places became a 'disturbance' and 'had many rude activities' done by people who gathered at kaisho.
- 都市部の庶民のまつりごと(自治、祭礼)は伝統的にこの単位で行われ、その慣行が今でも残っているところも少なくない。
- Matsurigoto (self-government, and rites and festivals) for people living in the cities was traditionally administered by this unit, and many places still continue to have such customary practice.
- 伏姫の自害に伴って数珠が飛散する際にそれぞれの玉の文字が「仁・義・礼・智・忠・信・孝・悌」と変わったものである。
- When the beads flew in all directions at the time of Princess Fuse's suicide, the letters on the beads turned into 7humanity, justice, courtesy, wisdom, loyalty, sincerity, filial piety, and obedience7 again.
- 清和天皇の皇子貞純親王が、朝廷の諸儀礼に通じていた源能有(文徳天皇皇子)から故実を伝授されたのが起源であるという。
- The origin is said to be that Imperial Prince Sadazumi, a son of Emperor Seiwa received the instruction of the ancient practices from MINAMOTO no Yoshiari (a son of Emperor Buntoku) who was familiar with manners of the Imperial Court.
- 一般的に葬礼は仏式で行われることが多く、結婚式はキリスト教式あるいは神式で、といった宗教形式の混在現象が見られる。
- There is seen such a phenomenon of mixed religious form as funeral services are generally held in accordance with Buddhist rituals, and wedding ceremonies are held in accordance with the Christian or Shinto rituals.
- 文武天皇の時代に大宝令の制定とともに服飾も一新され、新たに礼服 (宮中)(らいふく)・朝服・制服の制が定められた。
- During the period of the Emperor Monmu, with the establishment of Taihoryo (Taiho Code), the system of raifuku (formal court attire), chofuku and seifuku (uniform) was introduced.
- そのお礼に小麦粉を水で溶いて薄く伸ばしたものを熱した銅鑼に引き、丸く焼いた生地であんこを包み、振舞ったことが起源。
- To show his gratitude, he mixed flour and water, spread it thinly over a hot Chinese gong and used the round baked cake to wrap bean paste and this was the origin of Dorayaki.
- また猿楽は武家社会における典礼用の正式な音楽(式楽)も担当することとなり、各藩がお抱えの猿楽師を雇うようになった。
- Moreover, Sarugaku came to be the formal music (ritual music) for ceremonies in the community of samurais and each clan came to employ its retained Sarugaku performer.
- Also, Sarugaku became the official music (shikigaku - the music and plays for official ceremonies) for ceremonies held in samurai society, and each domain employed their own sarugaku-shi (sarugaku player).
- これに対して蘇我稲目は「西の諸国はみな仏を礼しております。日本だけこれに背くことができましょうか」と受容を勧めた。
- Against this, SOGA no Iname recommended to accept it; 'All people in west countries believe in Buddhism. How can only Japanese people be against it?'
- 板垣はワサビの栽培を天城でも行いたいと懇願し、有東木の住民はシイタケの礼から禁を犯して板垣にワサビの苗を持たせた。
- Itagaki implored the local residents of Utogi to allow wasabi cultivation in Amagi, and the residents gave him seedlings of wasabi as a reward for his instruction in shiitake cultivation, though it was in violation of the law.
- 唐書などに粟田真人の装束を「花飾りをつけた進賢冠・紫の衣を帛の帶で縛る」と記すが、これが礼服に相当するようである。
- A Chinese book contains a record concerning the costume of AWATA no Mahito, which states that he 'wore coronet of office with floral decoration and a purple robe tide with a silk sash,' and seems to have been equivalent to raifuku.
- 江戸時代には庶民に観音巡礼が広まり、関東の坂東三十三箇所や秩父三十四箇所と併せて日本百観音と言われるようになった。
- In the Edo period, the Kannon pilgrimage spread among ordinary people, and together with the Bando Sanjusankasho (Thirty-three Holy Places of Kannon in the Bando region) and the Chichibu Sanjuyonkasho (Thirty-four Holy Places of Kannon in the Chichibu area), the Saigoku Sanjusankasho came to be called the 'Nihon Hyaku Kannon' (hundred Kannon temples in Japan).
- 地域などから依頼を受けて三十三箇所を33回巡礼することで満願となる「三十三度行者」と呼ばれる職業的な巡礼者もいた。
- There were even professional pilgrims called 'sanjusando gyoja' (literally meaning 'thirty-three times ascetic') who completed one pilgrimage by making the Sanjusankasho pilgrimage thirty-three times at the request of others such as a local area.
- かつての武家である鈴木氏との関係は諸説あって定まらないが、祭礼の際に祭られる稲穂に由来した神官の姓氏と考えられる。
- Although the connection with the Suzuki clan who was once a samurai family, is not clear, since there are diversified theories on it, this seishi (hereditary family name) is thought to be of the Shinto priest and its origin derived from the rice ear used at the rituals.
- また、その頃になると辞表の提出そのものも儀礼化していき、上表の手続そのものが有職故実の一環として後世に伝えられた。
- At that time, handing over a Jihyo became more like a ritual and the procedure of Johyo was carried over as a part of Yushoku-kojitsu (knowledge of court rules, ceremonies, decorum and records of the past).
- 平将門は、一族の内部抗争を勝抜き坂東(関東一円)を制圧すると、天慶2年(939年)、上野国庁で即位の儀礼を行った。
- TAIRA no Masakado, after conquering Bando (old Kanto region), having won out family struggles, held a ceremony of enthronement at the local government of Kozuke in 939.
- だが、兄の安宿王が白状したため捕らえられ、久奈多夫礼(頑に狂った者の意)と改名させられた後、拷問を受けて死亡した。
- But when the Prince Asukabe, who was his older brother, made a confession, he was captured, forced to change his name to Kunatabure (stubbornly mad), then tortured to death.
- 例えば、ライムギにつく麦角菌に起因する麦角病(四肢が壊疽したり、精神錯乱を招く)は巡礼に赴くことで癒えるとされた。
- For example, it was thought that ergot disease (causes the limbs to rot and leads to madness) caused by ergot fungus on rye, could be cured by taking a pilgrimage.
- 2代杖信は閑院宮の茶頭を務め、以降公家との関わりが強かったが、3代有斐の亡きあと嗣子の礼座が早世したため断絶する。
- With Joshin, the second tea master, serving as a sado (a person in charge of the tea ceremony) for Kaninnomiya (one of the Imperial families), the relationship with court nobles had deepened since then, but after the death of the third head, Yuri, the premature death of the following heir Reiza caused the extinction of the Omori family line.
- 死人が生き返ったなど、他の巡礼にも付き物の説話は数多くあるが、巡礼を拒んだ真宗教徒が神罰を受ける話がまま見られる。
- Okage mairi, as well as other pilgrimages, was accompanied by many folktales, such as one about the dead coming back to life, and there were sometimes stories where followers of the Shinshu sect who refused to join the pilgrimage were punished by God.
- 練り(ねり)もしくはお練り(おねり)とは、祭礼の神輿や山車を神事の奉納や観衆への披露のために動かす様子のことをいう。
- Parade (neri or oneri in Japanese) means to transfer a portable shrine (carried in festivals) or a festival car (float) of rites and festivals, to dedicate them to Shinto rituals or to introduce them to audience.
- また、武家社会以外でも王朝時代から続く公家社会での冠礼における引入及び裳着における腰結も仮親による成人儀式であった。
- In addition to the samurai society, the court noble society during the Nara and Heian periods also had coming-of-age ceremonies where nominal parents, similar to the eboshi-oya, assumed the role of 'hiki-ire' (a person who sets a young man's hair into a crown) during a Kanrei (a ceremony where a man is given a crown for his attainment of manhood) and 'koshi-yui' (a person who ties a band around a young woman's waist for her coming-of-age ceremony) during a Mogi (coming-of-age ceremony for girls).
- 元来が略装の最たるものであるから、浴衣で出かけられるのは気取らない場所にかぎり、この格好で人と会うのは失礼とされる。
- Because the yukata has been the utmost casual wear from the beginning and it's regarded as impolite if one wears yukata to meet others, one can only wear a yukata to the most casual places.
- その他礼装用などで本畳みにすると刺繍など折り目がついてしまうことを避けるために行なう「夜着畳み」という畳み方もある。
- There is another folding called 'Yogitatami or Yagutatami' for avoiding a crease on embroidery or the like on formal clothing that would occur if the clothing is folded in Hondatami.
- 役行者霊蹟札所(えんのじょうしゃれいせきふだしょ)は、修験道の開祖とされる役小角ゆかりの三十六寺社の霊場巡礼である。
- En no Gyoja Reiseki Fudasho indicates the pilgrimage of the thirty-six reijo (sacred places) in thirty-six temples and shrines, related to En no Gyoja who is said to have founded Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts).
- 喪中の葉書を送ってきた人の家には年賀状を出さない方が良いとされているが、実際には年賀状を送っても失礼には当たらない。
- It's believed that it would be better not to send a nengajo to the sender of the mochu postcard, but actually it isn't rude to send the nengajo.
- 専門の演者による公演の他、地域住民が祭礼の奉納行事などとして江戸時代以来の伝統に則った芝居を日本各地で上演している。
- In addition to the plays by the expert performers, local residents all over Japan perform plays in the name of, for example, the festival ritual dedicated to a god, following the tradition from the Edo period.
- 練習、試合等では弓道衣を、改まった場(射礼、祝賀射会、奉納射会など)や高段位・称号の審査を受ける際は和服を着用する。
- For training and matches, a Kyudo uniform is worn, while for formal occasions (Jarai, Shukuga shakai (the celebration ceremony of shooting, Hono shakai (the dedication ceremony of shooting), etc.) or when receiving reviews for high dan-i and award titles, traditional Japanese clothing is worn.
- 退位が比較的平穏裡に行われた場合、退位した元君主やその親族は、旧来と同等の礼遇を以て接することが約されることが多い。
- In cases where abdication is accomplished relatively peacefully, the former monarch and his family members are often guaranteed treatment with the same degree of honor as before.
- 皇室典範・登極令制定後初の即位の礼となる大正の即位の礼は1915年(大正4年)11月10日に京都・紫宸殿で行われた。
- The Sokui no rei of Taisho, which was the first Sokui no rei after the establishment of the Imperial House Act and Tokyoku-rei, was held at the Shishin-den in Kyoto on November 10, 1915 (Taisho 4).
- 日本海に面した地域を指定した国立公園には利尻礼文サロベツ国立公園、山陰海岸国立公園、大山隠岐国立公園の3公園がある。
- The coastal areas of the Sea of Japan that have been designated as the national parks include the following three: the Rishiri-Rebun-Sarobetsu National Park, Sanin-Kaigan National Park and Daisen-Oki National Park.
- 熨斗袋の水引がくずれたり袋が皺になることを防ぐ事や先方の心中や祭礼を重んじ、喜びや悲しみを共にする気持ちを表している。
- A fukusa prevents damage to mizuhiki (decorative Japanese cord made from twisted paper) of a noshi envelope or prevents the envelope from wrinkling, and shows respect for the receiver's feeling and ritual events as well as empathy to share joy and sadness.
- 大名の往来を上から見下ろすことが失礼に当たるということから居間としてではなく物置として造り、使うことが許可されていた。
- Since it was considered to be disrespectful to look down on processions of feudal lords, the loft was allowed to be built and used as a storage and not as a living space.
- 拝舞(はいぶ、はいむ)は、平安時代、宮中で、叙位、任官、賜禄の際などに、謝意を表して左右左(さゆうさ)を行う礼である。
- Haibu (haimu) refers to a ritual of bowing which includes sayusa (a series of movement from left to right to left) for expressing one's gratitude on occasions such as joi (investiture of a court rank), appointment, and shiroku (receiving a stipend) in the Imperial Court during the Heian period.
- 推古天皇が「太刀ならば句礼(中国の呉)の真鋤(刀剣の意味)」と詠っているように、古代は大陸からの輸入品が主流であった。
- As the Emperor Suiko said 'masasabi (swords) produced in Kure (Wu-southern part of ancient China) are the best', swords imported from China were mainly used during ancient times.
- これは尼公が大仏殿に到着し、礼拝し、夜通し参篭し、明け方出発するという一連の時間的経過を1枚の絵で表現したものである。
- This scene is depicting a sequence of events as time goes on in one picture, namely the arrival of Amagimi at Daibutsu-den hall, her pray to the Buddha statue, her overnight stay in the hall in seclusion, and her departure at dawn.
- 一方、礼法家の立場からは、本膳料理の食事作法を定めるようになり、小笠原流の『食物服用之巻』などのハウツー本が生まれた。
- Manner specialist wanted to fix the table manners for honzen ryori (formally arranged meal), so a how-to book by the Ogasawara school called 'Shokumotsufukuyo-no-maki' (a book for taking meals) was published.
- 王安石は『周礼』『詩経』『書経』に注釈を施して『三経新義』を作り、さらに新学に属する学者たちが他の経書にも注を作った。
- Anseki O (Wang Anshi) created annotations for 'Rites of Zhou,' 'Shikyo,' and 'Shujing' in his 'New annotation of the Three Classics,' and other scholars belonging to the New learning created annotations for the other Keisho.
- 特に近代以降を発祥とする都市祭礼のなかで見られ、戦後に観光業振興のため地域の歴史的資源が着目されて創始された例が多い。
- Particularly, the Jidai Gyoretsu often takes place in urban festivals, which were begun in the modern era and in many cases, is intended to promote tourism in the postwar era by focusing on local historical resources.
- しかし、日本では儒教の思想よりも礼節の面が受け入れられ、江戸幕府では道徳的実践を重んじる朱子学が「官学」と定められた。
- In Japan, however, the aspect of reisetsu (propriety) was received more favorably than Confucianism; thus, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) designated the Shushigaku (Neo-Confucianism) which had always insisted on the importance of moral practice as 'kangaku' (a school of learning advocated by the Tokugawa shogunate).
- 『続日本紀』によれば、文武天皇2年(698年)に朝儀の礼、天平20年(748年)に釋奠の礼を定めたことが記されている。
- According to 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued), Chogi no rei (ceremonies in the imperial court) was decided in 698, and Shakuten no rei (also referred to as Sekiten no rei; a festival to Confucius and his disciples) was decided in 748.
- 神祇信仰の初穂儀礼に由来すると見られている租庸調の徴収や神祇信仰を通じた国家への求心力の低下が懸念されることとなった。
- There was a concern that it might affect collection of the Soyocho (a tax system, corvee), which was thought be derived from first-crop-offering ritual of Jingi belief, and the centripetal force of the country through Jingi belief.
- ヒジュラ暦で12番目の月を「ハッジの月(巡礼月)」と呼び、この月にマッカのカアバへ巡礼することは、特に奨励されている。
- The 12th month of Hegira is called the 'Haji month' (pilgrimage month) and it is especially recommended to take a pilgrimage to the Kabah in Mecca during this month.
- また、会の内容も晴儀の場でもあったし、儀礼的な遊戯・遊宴にすぎなかったが、この性格は白河天皇の時代以降、大きく変った。
- In addition, the content of the meeting was fancy and just a ritualistic game and party, but this characteristic greatly changed after the period of Emperor Shirakawa.
- 島民を巨済島などに住まわせ、対馬を朝鮮領土と見なして州郡の名称と印信を賜れば、我々は適切に臣下の礼をもって命令に従う。
- If you would allow us islanders to live on Geoje Island and its neighboring islands, and honor us by viewing Tsushima as being under Korea's dominion and granting us a new provincial label and seal, we, as your grateful retainers, will obey your orders accordingly.'
- そもそも歌舞伎役者は姓名ではなく屋号で呼びかけるのが礼儀(「市川さん」「團十郎さん」ではなく、「成田屋さん」と呼ぶ)。
- Basically, kabuki actors should be called by yago, not by myoseki ('yago' is substitute name which actor calls himself; in the Edo period kabuki actors were not allowed to use their surnames, so they used yago; 'myoseki' is a successive name); therefore, the twelfth Danjuro ICHIKAWA (myoseki) should not be called 'Ichikawa-san' nor 'Danjuro-san' ('san' means 'Mr.'), he should be called 'Narita-ya-san' ('Narita-ya' is his yago).
- 一般に知られている折り鶴などの折り紙は遊戯折り紙と呼ばれ、熨斗などの折り紙は儀礼折り紙(または礼法折り紙)と呼ばれる。
- Origami like the paper crane model commonly seen is called yugi origami (play paper folding), and other origami like noshi (folded red and white paper) is called girei origami (ceremonial paper folding).
- 日本人論研究者によれば、日本にこれらの意味を表す言葉があるということは、日本の礼儀や文化への厳格さの一要素だと見ている。
- Researchers on theories of Japanese cultural and racial uniqueness consider that the existence of such wording to express discrepancy between personal feelings and social view is an element of austerity of Japanese people in their courtesy and culture.
- 残す場合には苦手とする食べ物である、満腹である、アレルギーや特定の禁忌がある等の市場を述べて丁寧に断ることが礼儀である。
- When you wish to leave any dish before finishing, it is proper etiquette to apologize for refusing it by stating such reasons as your weakness in it, full stomach condition, allergy or specific taboo against it, or the like.
- 1月7日のみの簡単なものであるが、初夜と後夜に別れ、初夜では如意輪観音に悔過し、後夜では礼仏偈ほか多くの法要が行われる。
- This is a simple one held only on January 7, but there are shoya and goya events, and on shoya they confess their sins to Nyoirin Kannon (the Bodhisattva of Compassion) and on goya many Buddhist memorial services such as reibutsu ge and so on are held.
- また、葬儀を妨害した者は刑法188条第2項「礼拝所及び墳墓に関する罪」で懲役、禁固または、十万円以下の罰金刑が科される。
- Additionally, a person who interferes with a funeral service shall be punished by imprisonment with or without work or a fine of not more than 100,000 yen according to the Penal Code, Article 188 (2) 'Crimes Related to Places of Worship and Graves.'
- 夏季に社寺の境内で催される祭礼や縁日などでは綿飴・たこ焼き・焼きそばとともに代表的な縁日物(えんにちもの)の一つである。
- In rites and festivals as well as at fairs held in summer in precincts of a shrine or temple, it is one of typical ennichimono (items to be sold at festival) same as 'wata-ame (cotton candy),' 'takoyaki (octopus dumplings)' and 'yakisoba (fried soba).'
- ただし筑紫箏の音楽は、高尚で雅びであるが娯楽性は少なく、礼や精神性を重んじ、また調弦も雅楽に近い「律音階」に由っていた。
- The Tsukushi goto was classic and elegant, put emphasis on manner and spiritualness rather than on entertainment, and used the 'ritsuonkai' scale which was close to that used in gagaku.
- この霊場を札所とした巡礼は日本で最も歴史がある巡礼行であり、現在でも「西国三十三所巡礼」として多くの参拝者が訪れている。
- A pilgrimage to visit these holy places as the fudasho temples (a temple of pilgrimage where pilgrims originally nailed a 'fuda,' or wooden votive plate, to the pillar or ceiling of the temple) is the oldest form of pilgrimage in Japan, and is still enjoyed today by many worshipers as the Saigoku Sanjusankasho Junrei (Pilgrimage).
- 伊勢神宮などの大寺社では御師(おんし)と呼ばれるツーリストが誕生し、宿坊と共にそれぞれの担当地域の巡礼者を案内していた。
- At large shrines and temples such as the Ise-jingu Shrine, tourists called 'onshi' appeared and together with temple lodgings, they helped pilgrims find their way within their area.
- これには儀礼折り紙と遊戯折り紙の両方が含まれているが、遊戯折り紙については、19世紀前半に折られたものと推定されている。
- These models contain both the girei origami and the yugi origami, but the yugi origami was estimated to have been folded in the early 19th century.
- 一般的に神社における祭礼には、神輿(神様の乗り物)をはじめとして山車・太鼓台・だんじりなどの屋台などが出されることが多い。
- Generally, at the rites and festivals held at shrines, large floats used to carry taiko (drums) at festivals such as dashi (float), taiko-dai (dashi including a drum), decorative portable shrine and so on, including mikoshi (portable shrine carried in festivals) (carriage of deity).
- 古代までにはなんらかの弓術、礼式の形はあったと考えられるが、しかし史料も乏しく史実としての古代の弓射の実体は解っていない。
- It is suspected that some forms of Kyuju and codes of etiquette existed in ancient times, but there is little historical data to explain Yumiire in ancient times.
- 安土桃山時代に若狭武田氏の縁戚であった細川幽斎(幽斎)に伝授され、江戸時代は細川流弓馬軍礼故実と称して熊本藩で保護された。
- It was taught to Yusai HOSOKAWA, who was a relative of the Wakasa-Takeda clan in the Azuchi-Momoyama Period and was preserved in the domain of Kumamoto in the Edo Period, called Hosokawa-ryu Kyuba-gunrei Kojitsu (Hosokawa's ancient practices of customs about archery, troops and military etiquette).
- 寝殿造りの室礼を記した古文書の中に、「柱をたてまわして鴨居を置きてのち、塗子(ぬりこ)の明かり障子を間ごとに覆う」とある。
- An ancient writing describing shitsurai (putting decorations suitable to the season or a ritual onto an appropriate indoor place) in a house built in the manner of Heian period palatial architecture contains a statement that 'the lacquered structure of akari shoji was covered with cloth or paper after the erection of pillars and the construction of kamoi (a narrow piece of wood that passes over the sliding doors and around an entire Japanese room).'
- In the ancient documents on Shitsurai in Shinden-zukuri style there is a description that 'After building posts around and setting Kamoi lintels, lacquered Akari-shoji sliding doors are set in each room.'
- 「しつらい(室礼、舗設)」とは、元来晴れの儀式や請客饗宴の日に、寝殿の母屋や廂(ひさし)に調度を整え、飾りつける事をいう。
- The term 'Shitsurai' originally refers to setting up furnishing and decorating them at moya and hisashi in shinden (main house) on the day of an honor ceremony, welcoming guests and holding a feast.
- ミケランジェロ・ブオナローティの作であるバチカンのシスティーナ礼拝堂の『最後の審判 (ミケランジェロ)』などは有名である。
- Michelangelo Buonarroti's product 'Last Judgment' which is displayed in Sistina Chapel in Vatican is famous for applying that technique.
- 万が一、他の葬儀社に搬送してもらった場合は自宅に戻った後にお礼金を渡して丁重にお礼とお断りをして帰って貰う事が一番である。
- If other funeral homes, by some change, take care of the transportation home, then the best way is to give a reward and offer cordial thanks and an apology upon returning home.
- 立礼や盆略はその後三千家やそれ以外の流派にも形を変えながら受容されているが、こうした積極性は伝統的な流派においては珍しい。
- Although the ryurei and bonryaku styles of tea ceremony later became accepted by all sansenke and other schools, in different forms, such a positive progressive attitude characteristic of Urasenke is rarely seen among other traditional schools.
- 最初は余興的なものとして扱われていたが、やがて社寺の祭礼の中に、猿楽が重要な要素として組み込まれるような現象も起き始めた。
- Though such performances were at first seen merely as entertainment, Sarugaku was gradually incorporated into the rituals of shrines and temples.
- 弓矢が日本の歴史の中で公家や武家にとって重要であったことから、矢筒も様々に変化し、儀礼用や戦いのためのものなど細分化した。
- Since Yumiya had been important for kuge and samurai families in Japanese history, Yazutsu also had changed and segmentalized for ceremonies and for battles.
- 江戸時代頃には武家や庶民にも定着し、江戸幕府では公式行事として、征夷大将軍以下全ての武士が七種粥を食べる儀礼を行っていた。
- Around the Edo period, Nanakusa-gayu became popular among samurai families and ordinary people; the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) held the ceremony as their official event in which all samurai warriors including the seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') ate Nanakusa-gayu.
- 礼服(らいふく)とは、唐の律令を参考に日本の朝廷に導入された、五位以上の貴族が正月の朝賀や代始の即位式に用いた正装のこと。
- Raifuku refers to formal clothes which were used by nobles of the Fifth Rank and higher, and worn at the New Year's court ceremony and new emperor's enthronement ceremony; it was introduced into the Japanese court and modeled after Chinese law.
- 有職料理(ゆうそくりょうり)とは、平安時代の貴族の社交儀礼の中で発達した大饗料理が、公家風の料理形式として残った物である。
- Yusoku cuisine is a type of taikyo ryori (dishes served at a grand banquet) which was developed through the social etiquette of nobles during the Heian period, and survived into the modern day as a cuisine in the style of the court nobles.
- 名前の由来は織りの技法(袋織り:二重織の一種だが、表裏の耳の部分が繋がり袋状の生地になる)からで、礼装や晴れ着の帯である。
- This name derived from the technique of weaving (fukuro-ori : a kind of futae-ori [double fabric]; it is a sack-like textile whose selvages of right and wrong sides are sewed together), and it is used for formal dress and festive dress.
- かつての巡礼者が本尊である観音菩薩との結縁を願って、氏名や生国を記した木製の札を寺院のお堂に打ち付けていたことに由来する。
- The name originates from the old custom that pilgrims nailed wooden votive plates inscribed with their names and birth provinces to the main hall of a temple, hoping to make a connection with the principal object of worship, Kannon (Goddess of Mercy).
- 斎藤利三の娘である春日局は、初対面であるはずの天海に対して最上礼である「平伏」をした上で「お久しゅうございます」と述べた。
- Kasuga no Tsubone, who was a daughter of Toshimitsu SAITO, showed the highest politeness by 'prostrating herself' before Tenkai, with whom she must met for the first time, and stated, 'It is a long time since we met each other last time.'
- 6月2日朝、返礼のため長尾街道を京へ向かっていたところ、四条畷付近で京から駆けつけた茶屋四郎次郎に会い、本能寺の変を知る。
- In the morning of July 5, when he was traveling Nagao kaido (Nagao road) heading to Kyoto to make a return call, he met Shirojiro CHAYA, who hastened from Kyoto, in the vicinity of Shijo Nawate and knew about Honnoji Incident.
- また無礼な行為とそれに対する切捨御免は連続している必要があり、以前行われた無礼を蒸し返しての切捨御免は処罰の対象となった。
- Kirisutegomen should be done immediately to an offensive act and Kirisutegomen to an offensive act that had been done before was punished.
- 冥加の祈願あるいは冥加を受けたことに対する謝礼として寺院や神社に奉納された金銭や物資のことも「冥加」と称するようになった。
- Money and goods that were offered to temples/shrines as gratuity for a Myoga prayer or receiving Myoga also came to be known as 'Myoga.'
- または、死に装束で他界(聖なる世界)を行く者であることを象徴し、巡礼者は一度死んだものとして霊場を巡り新たな生を得て蘇る。
- Or it expresses that they are in the next world (sacred world) in burial outfit, and they make pilgrimage of sacred ground as a man who once died and return with a new life.
- 1683年には意中の皇位継承者であった朝仁親王(後の東山天皇)の立太子礼が行われ長く中断していた皇太子の称号を復活させた。
- In 1683 there was a ceremonial investiture of the crown prince, the Imperial Prince Asahito (later called Emperor Higashiyama), who was expected to ascend to the Imperial Throne; this brought back the title of Crown Prince, which had not been used for a long time.
- 中国の後漢時代から儒教の葬礼に用いられる神主(しんしゅ。死者の官位・姓名を書く霊牌。)と同視されたため、「位」牌と呼ばれる。
- The tablet was named ihai (literally, 'rank' tablet) because it was considered to be the same as shinshu (a tablet inscribed with the official rank and name of a deceased person) used for Confucian funeral rites from the Later Han period in China.
- 国民服令により国民服が正装であると決められたので、結婚式で新郎が正装するときや葬式に出席するときは、男性は国民服で礼装した。
- As it was decided that the national uniform was full dress by the National Uniform Edict, men wore the national full dress uniform at wedding ceremonies as a bridegroom or when attending a funeral ceremony.
- 大宝律令と養老律令の衣服令により、朝廷で着る服が定義され、礼服 (宮中)(らいふく)、朝服(ちょうふく)、制服が定められた。
- The clothing codes in the Taiho Ritsuryo Code and the Yoro Ritsuryo Code prescribed the clothes that should be worn in the Imperial Court as the formal clothing worn by the court nobles in the Imperial Court called 'Raifuku,' the clothing worn by the court nobles in the Imperial Court called 'Chofuku,' and the uniforms.
- そして四度にわたり摂関を勤めた二条良基は、数代の天皇の即位時に印明伝授を行い、即位灌頂の儀礼としての定着にも大きく貢献した。
- Yoshimoto NIJO, who assumed the position of Sekkan four times, conducted inmyodenju for the emperors of several generations and contributed to the settlement of sokuikanjo as a ritual.
- 「礼儀作法といえば小笠原」といわれるほどのマナー作法における正統流派だが、その歴史は鎌倉時代にまでさかのぼる武家作法の高家。
- The school is so well-known as a school of traditional etiquette that it is said that 'etiquette is Ogasawara' and its history can be traced back to the Kamakura-period high-ranking family involved in teaching samurai etiquette.
- 明仁の即位の礼・大嘗祭を巡る儀式は平成2年(1990年)1月23日の期日奉告の儀から始まり、1年間に渉り関連行事が行われた。
- The ceremonies that concerned Akihito's Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival started with the ceremony of announcing the dates on January 23, 1990 (Heisei 2), and the related events were held for one year.
- 新政府設立後間もない時の明治の即位の礼では儀式に用いる物は先代孝明天皇の時に使用した物を使っていたが、高御座等が新調された。
- The Takamikura and other objects were newly made for the ceremonies although they used same ceremonial objects as predecessor Emperor Komei at the Sokui no rei of Meiji, which was held shortly after the establishment of new government.
- さらに享保10年(1725年)、薨去に際しては、准后宣下、次いで女院号宣下がなされて礼成門院(れいせいもんいん)と称された。
- After her death in 1725, the senge for Jugo (honorary rank next to the three empresses: great empress dowager, empress dowager, and empress), and later Nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the emperor or a woman of comparable standing) were made, and she was named Reiseimonin.
- 礼銭(れいせん)とは、本来は室町幕府において征夷大将軍の任命などの祝い事の際に守護大名や寺社などから献上された祝い金のこと。
- The reisen was originally a gift money presented from Shugo Daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable), temples and shrines in celebrations such as the appointment of Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') at the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 「ラ・マンチャの男」(松本幸四郎 (9代目))とか「鬼平犯科帳」(中村吉右衛門 (2代目))などとは決して掛けないのが礼儀。
- Following this manner, audience shouldn't call Koshiro MATSUMOTO (the ninth) 'La Mancha no Otoko' ('Man of La Mancha' in which Koshiro played the leading part), nor call Kichiemon NAKAMURA (the second) 'Onihei Hanka-cho' ('Onihei's Crimes Note' in which Kichiemon played the leading part).
- 10代信正が明治維新に際して奥羽越列藩同盟に加わったことから、明治期の安藤家は減封されたり礼遇停止となったりと混乱していた。
- But because Nobumasa, the 10th head of the family, joined Ouetsu-reppan domei (alliance among three provinces; Mutsu, Dewa, and Echigo) at the time of Meiji Restoration, the Ando family went through a confusing time as they lost a part of their territory and were deprived of their social status during Meiji period.
- また、祭礼や縁日や市などの寺社の参道や境内や門前町・鳥居前町において参詣者に授与・販売する歴史的、文化的背景のあるものを指す。
- Engimono also means something to be sold or offered to visitors at sando (an approach to the temple), temple or shrine grounds, Monzen-machi (a temple town) and Toriimae-machi (town in front of torii [Shinto shrine archway]) on the day of festivals and fairs, based on the historical and cultural backgrounds.
- このような場合、その祭が行われる地域名と、祭礼の行事の内容や、出し物の名前を指す名称を、組み合わせた名前で呼ばれることが多い。
- In this case, the matsuri is often called by combining the name of region where the matsuri is held, details of event held in the rite and festival, and name of attraction.
- 参拝者は賽銭箱に金銭を投入した後、神社なら拍手 (神道)、寺院なら合掌し、目を閉じながら神仏への願い事やお礼を心の中で唱える。
- After throwing money in Saisenbako, visitors clap their hands at shrines (Shinto) or put their palms together at temples, and then they pray for their wishes or offer their thanks to Shinto and Buddhist deities in their minds while closing their eyes.
- 手を通して両手で襟先を持ち、上前襟先が右腰骨の上にくるまで前を合せ、座礼(茶の湯など)の場合、襟先が後に回るくらい深く合せる。
- Put on the kimono, hold two collar ends with both hands and adjust the collar end of Uwamae so it comes to the right hipbones--If the wearer is to be seated on tatami like attending the tea ceremony or the like, pull the collar end to back of the hipbones.
- 養老律令の衣服令によると、奈良時代の礼服は、重要な祭祀、大嘗祭(おおなめのまつり、だいじょうさい)、元旦のときに着る服である。
- According to the clothing code in the Yoro Ritsuryo Code, formal clothing during the Nara period was worn to attend important religious services, the Imperial Enthronement Ritual called Daijosai or Ooname no matsuri, and on New Year's Day.
- また仏具としての室内用の灯籠(置灯籠・釣灯籠)や祭礼用などで移動可能なものもある(青森県のねぷた祭り、熊本県の山鹿灯籠など)。
- However, there also exists toro which are used indoors as on a Buddhist altar, such as oki-doro (one variety of nonbasic-type ishi-doro, which has no sao and therefore whose chudai is directly mounted on a natural stone serving as a base, note: the term 'nonbasic' means that any of the basic parts of ishi-doro, that is, hoju, kasa, hibukuro, chudai, sao and kiso, is missing) and tsuri-doro (hanging toro), as well as being a portable toro for use in a festival (such as one used in Nebuta Festival, which is held in Aomori Prefecture, and Yamaga-doro used in Kumamoto Prefecture).
- 中世前期に律僧や時衆が庶民の仏教典礼として促進したことにはじまり、定着をみたのは、寺請制度のできた江戸時代からと言われている。
- It is said that it started when Risso (monks following Rishu) and the Jishu school promoted it as a Buddhist ritual for the common people in the early medieval period and it took hold in the Edo period when Terauke seido (the system of organizing whole temples in Japan with registration of follower families) was established.
- 南学では魏晋の学風が踏襲され、『毛詩』「三礼」の鄭玄注以外に、『周易』は王弼注、『尚書』は偽孔伝、『春秋』は杜預注が尊ばれた。
- In the south learning, a method of learning from Gi Shin was adopted, and annotation by Jo Gen such as 'Mao shi,' 'Sanrai' (three classical texts on rites), as well as annotation by Wang Bi for 'Zhouyi,' Gikoden for 'Shosho,' and annotation by To Yo for 'Shunju' were honored.
- また、高野参詣道をめぐって村上・山陰が指摘するとおり近世の巡礼では参詣道をたどること自体に信仰上の意味がしばしば失われている。
- As 'Murakami Sanin' pointed out in an article concerning the pilgrimage road to Mt. Koya, during the early-modern period, most pilgrims did not appreciate the religious significance of just walking pilgrimage roads.
- 「晴れの舞台」(=生涯に一度ほどの大事な場面)、「晴れ着」(=折り目・節目の儀礼で着用する衣服)などの言い回しで使用されている。
- It is used in expressions such as 'hare no butai' (a situation so important that it happens almost only once in a life time) and 'haregi' (clothes worn at rituals that take place at milestones or specific changes).
- 日本の一部の地方では、通過儀礼として、一定年齢に達すると、成人を迎えた証として初めて褌を締める「褌祝」と言われる私的祭事がある。
- In some regions in Japan, people celebrate a private festival called 'fundoshi iwai' that is a rite of passage, where persons who reached a certain age would wear fundoshi loincloth for the first time as proof of attaining adulthood.
- ただし江戸時代には「礼は小笠原、射は日置」といわれ、礼法については小笠原流が、射法については日置流が専門であると認識されていた。
- However, during the Edo Period the phrases; 'Ogasawara etiquette, Heki technique,' reveal, that the Ogasawara school specialized in rules of decorum while the Heki school specialized in shooting style.
- 明かり障子の歴史的発展の過程で、漆の塗子の縁が寝殿造りに使用され、襖障子と同様な室礼としての位置付けがあったことは注目に値する。
- It is notable that akari shoji with lacquered framework was used in a house built in the manner of Heian period palatial architecture and in the historical development of akari shoji, it was considered to be a kind of shitsurai equivalent to fusuma.
- 東海地方では武士以外に庄屋・名主層にも弓術が普及し、現在でも「お祭り弓」と称して神社において祭礼と結びついた形で保存されている。
- In the Tokai region, besides being popular among the samurai, archery is also popular among Shoya (village headman) and in the Nanushi hierarchy (village headman); even now, it is preserved in the form of the so-called 'Omatsuri-yumi' (archery for the festival), which is related to festivals in the Shinto shrine.
- 内陣の錠があけられ、扉が開くと、練行衆は内陣にかけいり、須弥壇の周囲を3周し、本尊を礼拝し、内陣の掃除や須弥壇の飾り付けを行う。
- When the key of Naijin (the inner sanctum located in the main halls, Kondo or Hondo of a Buddhist temple, or Honden of a Shinto shrine) is opened and the door opens, Rengyoshu run into Naijin, go around shumidan (an altar made of fine timber, generally with paneling, hame) three times, pray to the honzon, clean Naijin and decorate the shumidan.
- 玄々斎による茶箱点・立礼式や、13代円能斎による盆略点に代表されるように、新しい点前を作ることに対して他の二家より積極的である。
- The Urasenke school has kept a more positive attitude than the other two Senke schools in creating new temae (tea serving manners/methods), as being represented by chabakodate (a tea serving method using tea chests) and ryureishiki (a style of tea ceremony using chairs to sit on), both invented by Gengensai, and bonryaku-date (bonryaku-type service) established by Ennosai, thirteenth head of the school.
- 儒教は、五常(仁、義、礼、智、信)という徳性を拡充することにより五倫(父子、君臣、夫婦、長幼、朋友)関係を維持することを教える。
- Ju-kyo teaches the maintenance of five human relations arranged in order (father and son, lord and vassal, husband and wife, old and young, one and one's friend) through expansion of moral character called the five eternal virtues (humanity, justice, courtesy, wisdom, sincerity).
- 山本礼三郎プロダクション(やまもとれいさぶろう-、1928年6月 設立 - 8月 解散)は、かつて京都に存在した映画会社である。
- Yamamoto Reizaburo Productions (established in June 1928 and dissolved in August) was a film company located in Kyoto.
- また別に、金子有鄰の六郎家堅氏を師範として日本古式弓馬術協会(武田流鎌倉派)が結成され、弓馬軍礼武田家の道統を受継ぎ活動している。
- Besides, having Rokuroietaka from Yurin KANEKO as a Master, Japanese Traditional Archery on Horseback Association was established (Takeda-ryu Kamakura school) and they inherits and performs the tradition of Kyuba-gunrei Takeda family.
- とりわけ、8月の旧盆の時期をはさんだ夏祭りは、帰省の時期と相まって、祭礼中での懐かしい人との再会など、感慨深いものがあるとされる。
- Above all, natsumatsuri festivals held in a few days before or after the Bon festival of lunar calendar are said to be deeply emotional because many people return to their homes in this season and reunite with each other.
- しかしながら、黒足袋・色足袋が平服にしか合わせられないのに対し、白足袋は平服から礼服まで広汎に着用することができる点に特色がある。
- However, while black tabi and colored tabi can be worn only with informal dresses, white tabi can be worn with informal dresses as well as formal attire.
- 1868年の明治天皇即位時には、即位式の神道儀礼化が追求された結果、仏教的な色彩は全て追放され、即位灌頂は廃止されることになった。
- At the enthronement of Emperor Meiji in 1868, as a result of the pursuit of making the enthronement ceremony follow Shinto, the color of Buddhism was excluded totally and sokuikanjo was discontinued.
- 日本に密教が伝来した9世紀に灌頂の儀礼が開始され、やがて密教の灌頂儀式が天皇の即位式に取り入れられ、即位灌頂が成立することになる。
- In the ninth century, when Esoteric Buddhism was brought into Japan, the ritual of kanjo commenced and the ceremony of kanjo of Esoteric Buddhism was used for the enthronement ceremony for the emperor and sokuikanjo was formed.
- 春分と秋分は、太陽が真東から昇り、真西に沈むので、西方に沈む太陽を礼拝し、遙か彼方の極楽浄土に思いをはせたのが彼岸の始まりである。
- As the sun rises directly in the East and sets directly in the West around the Equinox, people worshipped the sun setting in the west and imagined a faraway Pure Land of Amitabha; and this was the precursor to higan.
- さきに、日本国憲法及び皇室典範の定めるところによって皇位を継承しましたが、ここに即位礼正殿の儀を行い、即位を内外に宣明いたします。
- Imperial Throne was succeeded in advance under the provision of the Constitution of Japan and the Imperial House Act, and here, I hold the Enthronement Ceremony and announce the enthronement in and around.
- たとえば晩年の西園寺公望は第1の大勲位、第4の元老、第7の首相前官礼遇、第16の公爵などに該当するが、第1の大勲位として扱われる。
- For example, although Kinmochi SAIONJI was ranked as the first Daikuni (Supreme order), the fourth Genro (elder statesman), the seventh ex-Prime Minister with courteous reception (ex-Prime Minister receives the same treatment as his previous post according to his contribution) and the 16th Koshaku (duke), only the first Daikuni was applied to his precedence.
- また、日本に派遣された朝鮮の回礼使の宋希璟は「日本国王が喜ぶと思ってやったこと」と釈明しており、外交的にも失敗だったと考えられる。
- Furthermore, Hui Gyeong SONG, the special envoy dispatched to Japan from Korea, tried to vindicate Korea's invasion of Tsushima by saying 'We believed our actions would please the King of Japan,' which resulted in the incident being considered a diplomatic failure as well.
- 礼銭が賄賂とみなして厳しく禁じられるのは統一的権力を打ちたて、強力な財政基盤と武士道の涵養に尽力した江戸幕府の成立以後の事になる。
- It was not until the establishment of the Edo bakufu, which formed a unified government and was engaged in creating a sound financial footing and the samurai code, that the reisen was considered to be a bribe and strictly prohibited.
- 奈良時代には細い色糸による組み帯などの男女の礼服として普及、鎌倉時代には武具の一部、安土桃山時代には茶道具の飾り紐として使われた。
- In the Nara period, braided kimono sashes made from fine color threads became popular as a formal dress for men and women; it was used as a part of arms in the Kamakura period, and as a decorative cord for the tea ceremony in the Azuchi-momoyama period.
- 女性皇族が伝統的な儀式に参列する際に十二単と共に礼服とするほか、一般女性でも結婚式の際にやはり十二単と共にこの髪型にすることがある。
- Women in the Imperial family have the osuberakashi hairstyle as formal attire in addition to wearing juni-hitoe (twelve-layered ceremonial kimono) when attending traditional ceremonies; furthermore, even ordinary women sometimes wear juni-hitoe and have the hairstyle at wedding ceremonies.
- 戦国時代には祭礼の要素が強くなり、羽根突きよりも羽子板に祓いや縁起としての装飾が施され、縁起物の装飾品としての色合いを帯びていった。
- In the Sengoku period (period of warring states), since the factor of rites and festivals became stronger, decorations as exorcism or luck were provided to Hagoita rather than Hanetsuki, and Hagoita came to be tinged with an accessory as a lucky charm.
- 現在は祭礼や縁日に人出が減ったのに比べ、自治体が管理する公園や遊技場において各種団体が主催するフリーマーケットなどが多くなっている。
- While the number of people attending festivals and fairs is decreasing, the number of events such as flea markets, run by various organizations and held in municipally managed parks and recreation halls, is on the rise.
- 「打掛」は庶民には無縁の物と考えられているが、公家や武家に準じた身分を持つ町人などの中には、家の儀礼などに打掛を着用するものもいた。
- Although it is thought that 'uchikake' was not for common people, some townsmen who has quasi-court noble or quasi-samurai class clad uchikake for rituals of the family.
- 近世の女子の細長は高貴な皇女の幼少時の礼装で、形式は上記のように袿に似ておくみのない仕立てで小袿のように中倍を入れるのが普通である。
- Women's hosonaga in modern times is a formal costume of high and noble Emperor's daughters when they were girls, and the form is similar to uchiki as the aforementioned tailored without a gusset, and it is common to insert nakabe (lining cloth attached between the outer material) like kochigi.
- 本多流は、三十三間堂の通し矢を得意とした日置流の堂射系統が母体で、本来は礼射系で行っていた正面打起しを取り入た、武射系の流派である。
- The Honda-ryu school is a Busha group school with a parent organization that is a Dosha lineage of the Heki-ryu school, known for excelling at Toshiya (long-range archery) at the Sanjusangendo Temple, and they adopted Shomen-uchiokoshi (shooting with front-facing posture), which was originally performed in the Reisha group.
- 礼法だけが独立したように取り扱われることがあるが、その歴史的背景から、弓と馬と礼の三つが揃ってはじめて小笠原流とするのが適切である。
- Occasionally, only manners are taught but, taking into account the historical background, the Ogasawara-ryu can only be considered complete with the three arts of 'archery, horsemanship and courtesy'.
- 正統な弓馬礼法の継承者として、明治神宮や熱田神宮、伊勢神宮、靖国神社、鶴岡八幡宮などで、年間四十回以上の公的な神事を執り行っている。
- He is the official successor of the arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy and holds over 40 public rituals a year at shrines including Meiji-jingu Shrine, Atsuta-jingu Shrine, Ise-jingu Shrine, Yasukuni-jinja Shrine and Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine.
- (その前の藤原高藤は危篤となった天皇の外祖父である大納言に対する礼遇であるため、実質は奈良時代末期の藤原魚名以来191年ぶりである)
- (As the previous appointment was out of respect for FUJIWARA no Takafuji, the Dainagon (chief councilor of state) and maternal grandfather of the emperor who was in critical condition, it was in fact the first time in 191 years since FUJIWARA no Uona at the end of Nara period.)
- 一般に、キリスト教やイスラム教に見られる一つの聖地だけに巡礼する直線型と、インドや東洋で見られる複数の聖地を巡る回国型に分類される。
- There is the direct type of pilgrimage seen in Christianity and Islam where a pilgrim visits only holy site, and the round-the-country type seen in India and Asia where a pilgrim visits several holy sites.
- 帯板を必要とせず(但し現代の着付けでは帯板を使うことがほとんどである)扱いも楽なため、現在は丸帯に代って礼装用の帯の代名詞となった。
- It has become synonymous with obi for formal dress since obi ita (cardboard belt to stiffen the obi sash) is not necessary in tying (however, obi ita is normally used in contemporary kimono-wearing) and it is easy to handle.
- 寺入りの場: 京の外れ、芹生の里にある源蔵の寺子屋(菅秀才をかくまっている)へ、礼儀正しい母親に連れられた上品な子供が入門してくる。
- Entering Temple Act: A well behaving child led by his polite mother came and entered the Terakoya (that hosted Kanshusai) of Genzo in the Seryo Village, which was located on outskirts of Kyoto.
- 都の僧は礼をいい、さきほどの漁師はなにものだったのだろうかと問うと、所の者は義経の霊ではないかと答え、宿を用意するといって退場する。
- As the monk thanks him and asks who the fisherman was, Tokoro no mono answers that it might have been a ghost of Yoshitsune, and he leaves the scene saying that he is going to prepare some accommodation for the monk.
- 黄丹は、『養老律令』の「衣服令」において皇太子の礼服(朝賀と即位に使う正装)・朝服(のちの束帯の原型)の「衣」の色と規定されている。
- According to 'The Garment Code' of 'Yoro Ritsuryo Code,' oni was determined as the color of 'koromo' (robe) of crown prince's reifuku (formal dress used for choga [retainers' New Year's greeting to the emperor] and the enthronement ceremony) and chofuku (the original model of sokutai).
- 総じていえば、日本料理は近代化の洗礼を受けながら、自分で食材を採集し、食器を整えた前近代の食事事情の名残を今なお残しているといえよう。
- Generally speaking, although having undergone modernization, nihon-ryori dishes still maintain the reminiscence of eating before modern times when people collected food by themselves and prepared their own tableware.
- 朝廷では天武天皇(7世紀後半)には既に年中行事として大射(射礼〈じゃらい〉)が行われるなど、種々の“儀礼の射”(「礼射」)が行われた。
- In the Imperial Court, Emperor Tenmu (at the latter part of the 7th century) held Taisha (Jarai) as an annual event, and various 'ceremonial shooting exhibitions (Reisha)' were performed.
- 明かり障子の歴史的発展の過程で、漆の塗子の縁が寝殿造りに使用され、襖障子と同様な室礼としての位置付けがあった事は、興味深いことである。
- It is interesting to note that in the historical process of development of Akari-shoji, the edge of lacquered Nuriko (thing to be coated with) was used in Shinden-zukuri house and considered as Shitsurai the same as Fusuma Shoji.
- なお扇子の開け閉めは相手にとって雑音として受け取られる場合もあることから、極力自分の考慮時間中に行う事が相手に対する礼節とされている。
- The sound folding and unfolding is sometimes likely to be annoying to the other parson, so it is considered good manners for the player to reciprocate the motion during his or her turn, as much as possible.
- 本尊十一面観音の11の面の内の頂上仏面を「南無頂上」「南無最上」などと礼拝し、須弥壇の周りを回りながら一人ずつ礼堂に出て五体投地する。
- They adore Butsumen (the head of a Buddha) of eleven faces of honzon, Eleven-faced Kannon, saying 'Namuchojo,' 'Namusaijo' and so on, and, going around shumidan, they go in rai-do hall one by one and do gotai-tochi.
- その後、戦国時代 (日本)の進取の機運にのって、享禄年間から天文 (元号)年間頃にはすでに平時の略礼服としても用いられるようになった。
- Afterwards, with the progressive opportunity during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) it had already become a semi informal dress even during peacetime from 1528 and 1554.
- また、浅草・鷲神社の社伝では、日本武尊が鷲神社に戦勝のお礼参りをしたのが11月の酉の日であり、その際、社前の松に武具の熊手を立て掛けた。
- According to the biography of Otori-jinja Shrine in Asakusa, Yamato Takeru no Mikoto visited the shrine for thanksgiving on Tori no hi in November, and he leaned a rake, which was used as a weapon, against the pine tree in front of it.
- 近年ではテレビなどの影響により、特に大阪府岸和田市の祭礼(岸和田だんじり祭)が有名であるため、この祭に登場する地車の事を指すこともある。
- Recently, television broadcasts and others have made the Kishiwada Danjiri Festival (the festival held in Kishiwada City, Osaka Prefecture) so famous that danjiri sometimes refers to the float that appears in this festival.
- 的屋(てきや)とは、祭礼(祭り)や市や縁日などが催される、境内、参道や門前町において屋台や露天で出店して食品や玩具等を売る小売商を指す。
- Tekiya are merchants who sell items such as food or toys on the street or stalls set up in the ground of shrines or temples, on the approach to them or in temple towns during festivals, markets, and fairs.
- しかし、本来は略礼装に過ぎなかった衣服であるため、伝統的な宗教・芸能などの分野では、かならずしも紋付羽織袴を正装としているわけではない。
- But, since it had originally been no more than simplified formal wear, people of traditional religions and arts of performance do not necessarily consider Montsuki Haori Hakama formal.
- 「車争い」とは、平安時代に祭礼の場などで、貴族たちが牛車を見物しやすい場所に移動させようとした際に牛車同士が場所を取り合ったことをいう。
- Kuruma Arasoi' is the struggle that during the Heian period the court nobles scrambled to move their carts and park gissha in order to get better view on the occasions including festivals.
- しかし明治時代以降ほとんど廃れてしまい、現在では冠婚葬祭などの儀礼的な料理にその面影が残されている程度である(婚礼の際の三々九度など)。
- Since the Meiji period, these manners have been out of fashion, and we can only see a trace of them during formal ceremonial occasions such as a coming-of-age day, marriage, or funeral ceremonies (for example, san-san-kudo, when the bride and the groom drink sake during a wedding ceremony).
- 恒久的である神殿内部の依り代と並行して、この山は神の降臨を表現する、或いは、再確認する臨時の依り代として祭礼などで用いられるようになる。
- In parallel with permanent yorishiro fixed inside shrines, these Yama (imitation mountains) have been fabricated and used in festivals as temporary yorishiro to represent or reconfirm the descent of gods.
- 室町時代以降、武家社会で有職故実の中心的存在となり家の伝統を継承していったことから、時の幕府からも礼典や武芸の事柄においては重用された。
- Since the Muromachi period, because it passed the family tradition down as a key player of yusoku kojitsu in the samurai society, its ceremonies and military arts treated preferentially by bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) of the period.
- 惟喬親王や建礼門院をはじめ、大原三寂(常盤三寂)と称された寂念・寂超・寂然兄弟、藤原顕信・西行・鴨長明などの隠遁の地として知られている。
- Ohara is known as the place where individuals who included Imperial Prince Koretaka, Kenreimonin but also brothers of Jakunen, Jakucho and Jakuzen who were called the Ohara no Sanjaku (or Tokiwa no Sanjaku), FUJIWARA no Akinobu, Saigyo and KAMO no Chomei retired from the world.
- 大王大妃は現王の母后である大妃と比べて政治的実権は少なかったが、王の祖母であるため王室最高位としての礼遇を受け、王室の威厳の象徴だった。
- Although Daio ohi had less political power compared to the empress dowager, she received the highest rank in the royal family and was highly respected as the grandmother of the King and she was a symbol of the royal family.
- マキノ・プロダクションの俳優山本礼三郎が設立したスタープロダクションであり、貸しスタジオの双ヶ丘撮影所で1本のサイレント映画を製作した。
- It was established by Reizaburo YAMAMOTO, an actor who belonged to Makino Productions, and produced one silent film in the rentable Narabigaoka Studio.
- 3年後の大正4年(1915年)11月10日に京都御所にて即位の礼が行なわれたが、貞明皇后は第四子(のちの三笠宮)を懐妊中のため欠席した。
- Three years later, on November 10, 1915, the Sokui no rei (The enthronement of the Emperor) ceremony was held at the Kyoto Imperial Palace; but the Empress Teimei did not attend this ceremony due to her pregnancy with the forth child (later became Mikasanomiya).
- 衣冠は、本来、宮中に於ける宿直用の装束(とのいぎぬ)であったが、宮中での勤務服として定着するにつれ、束帯は儀式に用いる儀礼的な服となった。
- Ikan (traditional formal court dress) was originally a costume for night duty (called tonoiginu) in the Imperial Court, however, it started to take root as a working costume in the Imperial Court, then sokutai became to be worn as a formal costume in ceremonies.
- 和辻哲郎の『古寺巡礼』は大正8年(1919年)に刊行されたものだが、『法隆寺大鏡』の記述に影響されてか、この像を「百済観音」と呼んでいる。
- The 'Koji Junrei' by Tetsuro WATSUJI, which was published in 1919, calls this statue 'Kudara Kannon', maybe as influenced by the description of 'Horyu-ji Okagami'.
- そのなかにあって叔孫通が漢の宮廷儀礼を定め、陸賈が南越王を朝貢させ、伏生が『今文尚書』を伝えるなど、秦の博士官であった儒者たちが活躍した。
- Under these circumstances, Confucianist who were erudite officers in Qin took active roles, such as Shuku Sontsu who defined the court etiquette of Han, Riku Ka who made the king of Nanyue pay tribute to the court, and Fuku Sho (Fu Sheng) who introduced the 'Kinbunshosho' (a New Text version of the Classic of History).
- 歴史資料に三十三所巡礼が表れるのは、1090年(寛治4年)の近江国園城寺(三井寺)の僧・行尊による「観音霊場三十三所巡礼記」が最初である。
- The first historical document to refer to the Sanjusankasho junrei (pilgrimage) was the 'Kannon Reijo Sanjusankasho Junrei-ki' (Memoirs of the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon) written by the Buddhist monk Gyoson of the Onjo-ji Temple (known as Mi-dera Temple) in Omi Province in 1090.
- 亀山は、朝廷の訴訟処理機構の整備を進め、また公家社会の身分秩序を律する「弘安礼節(弘安書札礼)」を制定するなど、意欲的に政務に取り組んだ。
- Kameyama worked extensively to arrange a court management system within the Imperial court, and established 'Koanreisetsu' (Koan Shosatsurei) to maintain class order within the Imperial Court society.
- 明治天皇の即位の礼が行われた当時は、天保暦が用いられており現在のグレゴリオ暦とは日付が異なるため、天保暦(グレゴリオ暦)の順番で記載する。
- Because dates in Tenpo reki (Tenpo calendar), which was used when Emperor Meiji's Sokui no rei was held, differ from the Gregorian calendar, which is used today, dates are describes in order of Tenpo reki and (Gregorian calendar).
- ただし、無礼な行為によって武士の名誉が傷つけられる事を制止するための正当防衛的な行為と認識されており、無礼を働いた事自体への処罰ではない。
- It was considered a type of justifiable defense to protect the honor of warriors and it did not mean a punishment to the insult itself.
- 大正の大礼以後、天皇・皇族は透瑪瑙(白く半透明の石)の有文巡方の帯を使用し、透瑪瑙や白石などを使用した無文巡方帯を臣下の参列者が使用する。
- Since the state ceremony of the Taisho Emperor, the emperor and the imperial family have used figured square sashes with translucent agate (white translucent stone), and attendants unfigured square sashes with translucent agate, white stones and so on.
- ただし、北海道では、会葬御礼の挨拶状と、数百円程度の品物が香典の領収書と共に通夜の時に渡され、忌明け時に香典返しを行うことはないことが多い。
- However, in Hokkaido, a greeting card to express thanks for attending the funeral and an article having a monetary value of several hundreds yen are often given to a mourner together with a receipt for the Koden at the lykewake and no gift is sent in return for the Koden upon the end of mourning period.
- その他、籤や銀杏、椎などの元は時節や節気の縁起物である食品や祭礼用の品を売る屋台(古くは蓮の葉商いといった)などが縁日などではお馴染み深い。
- There are also stalls that sell food and festival goods such as lottery tickets, ginko nuts and sweet acorns, which were originally sold as seasonal good luck charms (what was traditionally called the Lotus Leaf Trade) and are often found at fairs.
- 平安時代の朝廷には進物所が、鎌倉幕府には進物奉行・贈物奉行が、室町幕府には折紙方が設置されて、折形を研究し、小笠原礼式などの礼法が誕生した。
- The royal court in the Heian period, the Kamakura shogunate, and the Muromachi shogunate each had a special gift-related section to study Orikata, as a result of which Orikata techniques, such as Ogasawara-reiho, were developed.
- 封建社会を経て近代化してもなお、このような原始宗教ともいわれる世界観を持ち合わせる国は少なく、日本独特に育まれてきた観念からの祭礼でもある。
- Among modernized countries having undergone feudal perods, only a few countries retain such an interpretation of the world which can be called a primitive faith; it is also a festival originated from the concept that has specifically been nurtured in Japan.
- 点茶の形式は従来の形式ではなく「立礼式」というスタイルでこれは外国人を接待する為に裏千家により考案されたもので、最初は屋外で設置されていた。
- The style of boiling tea was not done in a conventional form, but in the style of 'Ritsurei shiki (standing up and bowing),' which was devised by Urasenke school to attend to foreigners and was done outdoors at first.
- 公家社会では、白生平絹や白精好地に白い紐、黒い袖括りと菊綴をつけ、同じ生地で黒い菊綴を着けた「長絹」という水干が童形の礼装として多用された。
- Among court nobles, suikan called 'choken' (outer garment with wide sleeves) made of undyed white plain weave silk or thick white plain weave silk with white strings, black sodekukuri (straps to turn up the cuffs), tassels and black tassels of the same material, was often used as formal wear for boys before they came of age.
- 江戸時代には無官の武士の最礼装とされ、身分のある町人もこれに倣うことが多かったため、現在でも伝統芸能や祭礼などにおいて用いられることがある。
- In the Edo period, it was regarded as the utmost formal dress of the samurai without rank, because many town people with status also followed this practice, it is still used in the traditional Japanese theater and the festival and so on.
- 江戸時代には、黒一色で五つ紋が入った色無地は庶民の間では喪服ではなく礼服として使われていたので、黒紋付羽織が広まる土壌があったと考えられる。
- During the Edo period, the plain colored all black fabric with five family crests was used as a ceremonial dress rather than a mourning dress, and it is thought that there was a region that spread the haori coat with a black family crest.
- 書院式の茶礼にはすべて台子を利用し、そこから各種の大棚・小棚・長板などが派生し、さらには棚物を用いない運び点前が考案されたと考えられている。
- Daisu were always used in the shoin style tea ceremony, from which various odana, kodana (small stand), nagaita (long board) were generated, and moreover Hakobi temae (the tea ceremony in which essential items for the tea-making are carried into the tea room by the host), which any display stand was not used in, seems to have been invented.
- 江戸後期や四民平等となった明治には、女学校で礼儀作法が授業に取り入れられるなど、富裕層の町人も作法を学ぶようになるが、小笠原とは関係はない。
- In the late Edo period and Meiji period, which saw the introduction of equality for all people, girls' schools started teaching etiquette classes and affluent merchants were able to learn manners, although they were not related to Ogasawara.
- これは吉宗が射礼や犬追物など弓馬の古式の復興に熱心で諸家の記録を調べていたためで、「世に稀なる書ゆえ永く秘蔵すべき」旨の言葉があったという。
- It was because Yoshimune was examining records of each family for revival of old style kyuba such as jarai (shooting) and inuoumono (dog-hunting event, a skill of an archery) and Mochihiro was given words 'those books are rare in the world and to be stashed away for many years.'
- 朝鮮通信使・・・足利義満からの使者と国書に対する返礼で1375年に足利義満に対して信(よしみ)を通わす使者として派遣されたのが始まりである。
- Embassies from Korea: after an envoy and royal missive was sent to Korea by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, a reply was dispatched to Yoshimitsu via an emissary from Shin (Yoshimi) in 1375, thereby opening official communications.
- 即位の礼にあたり、式典の警備・要人警護には昭和天皇の大喪の礼での3万2000人を大きく上回る3万7000人の皇宮護衛官、警察官が動員された。
- At the Sokui no rei, 37,000 Imperial guards and police officers, were mobilized to guard the ceremonies and protect VIPs, more than at the time of Imperial funeral ceremony of Emperor Showa where 32,000 were mobilized.
- 現代の日本人の大多数は、宗教に対する帰属意識は薄く、実際には宗教儀礼に参加しているにもかかわらず自分のことを「無宗教」と考える日本人も多い。
- The majority of Japanese people today lack a sense of belonging to religions, and many Japanese also consider themselves to have 'no religion,' although they actually engage in religious rituals.
- 他国では洗礼を受けた時点でその宗教の信者に成るのに対し、日本ではその宗教の神を拝めば信者とみなす(氏子であり檀家でもある者などが多くいる)。
- People become a member of a religion by baptism in other countries, while those who worship a god of a religion are deemed to be a believer of that religion in Japan, (where many people are shrine parishioners and Buddhist parishioners at the same time).
- 室町時代の一条兼良はこの三書を、『西宮記』は古礼、『北山抄』は一条天皇の時代以降の儀式、『江家次第』は後三条天皇の時代以後の儀式と記している。
- Kaneyoshi ICHIJO of the Muromachi period recorded that 'Saikyuki' is about old ceremonial styles, 'Hokuzansho' is about ceremonies during and after the era of Emperor Ichijo, and 'Goke-shidai' is about ceremonies during and after the era of Emperor Gosanjo.
- 衣裳人形は、江戸時代に武家の子女が嫁ぐ際に、婚礼の家財道具としても扱われる習わしがあり、人形にその災厄を身代りさせるという大切な役割もあった。
- There was a tradition of including Isho-ningyo costume dolls in the wedding trousseau of daughters of samurai in the Edo Period and the dolls played an important role in bearing the burdens or bad luck in place of the bride.
- この障子は、今日の明かり障子ではなく、絹布を貼った可動式の嵌め込み式の板壁で室礼(しつらい)として用いられ、時に応じて設置されるものであった。
- This Shoji was not Akari-shoji (a translucent screen or sliding door made by pasting single sheets of white Washi (Japanese paper) on light wooden frames, or sometimes on bamboo frames) as seen at present but a movable set-in board wall pasted silk cloth, which was set in as Shitsurai (room decorations) as the occasion might demand.
- NHKが中継した「即位の礼・正殿の儀」(12時20分から1時間40分放送)は、平均視聴率31.9%(ビデオリサーチ・関東地区調べ)を記録した。
- 'The Sokui no rei and the Enthronement Ceremony' (1 hour and 40 minutes air time from 12:20), which broadcasted on NHK, had an average audience rating of 31.9 percent (in Kanto region according to Video Research).
- 特に、ダイヤ・ルビー・サファイヤ・エメラルド・真珠を使ったものは、紋付の色留袖・丸帯の礼装に合わせて、パーティーやレセプションなどで活躍した。
- Especially, putting obidome studded with diamond, sapphire, emerald and pearls on obijime in a party or reception was extremely popular when people wore formal kimono such as 'iro tomesode' (kimono marked with the family crests) and maru obi (a round-shaped kimono band).
- 特に南北朝時代 (日本)以後には、都市には町衆、農村には乙名などの有力な指導層が現れて、彼らが主導する祭礼や芸能の中で「風流」が取り入れられた。
- After the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) in particular, powerful leaders like Machishu (rich merchants) in the urban areas and Otona (leaders of farmer's organizations) in the rural areas appeared, and 'Furyu' was included in the festivals and performing arts that they hosted.
- 政宗の長女・五六八姫の婚礼や、慶長18年(1613年)の支倉常長をはじめとする「慶長遣欧使節」の出帆のときもこの手締めが行われたといわれている。
- It is said that this tejime was performed at the wedding ceremony of the first daughter of Masamune, Princess Iroha, and also at the departure of 'Keicho era mission to Europe,' in which people such as Tsunenaga HASEKURA joined, in 1613.
- キリスト教・仏教などの世界宗教にも祭礼がみられるが、教義より儀式・慣習によるところが大きい点で祭の要素は本質的に民族宗教に顕著であるともいえる。
- Rites and festivals are also seen in the world religion such as Christianity, Buddhism and so on, but, from the viewpoint of greatly depending on ceremonies and conventions rather than creeds, it is possible to say that the element of matsuri was especially pronounced in the racial religion.
- また茶道の拡大に伴って需要が増えると備前焼や信楽焼で倣製品が作られるようになり、江戸時代には野々村仁清が室礼専用の色絵金彩の茶壺を制作している。
- Also, those copies were produced with Bizen yaki (Bizen ware) and Shigaraki-yaki (Shigaraki ware) as demands increased along with the expansion of tea ceremony, and in the Edo period, Ninsei NONOMURA created a chatsubo colored with various hues and gold specifically for the shitsurai (putting decorations suitable for a season or ritual onto an appropriate indoor places).
- しかし、発展過程がそれぞれ異なる、日置流(武射系)や小笠原流(礼射系)の文化的・歴史的な背景に敬意を払い、よく理解して弓道を学ぶことが望ましい。
- However, because the development processes are respectively different, it is hoped that students of archery will pay respect to and understand well the cultural and historical backgrounds of the Heki school (busha group) and the Ogasawara school (reisha group).
- 慶応4年8月17日 (旧暦)(1868年10月2日)に、10日後の8月27日 (旧暦)(1868年10月12日)に即位の礼を行うことを発表した。
- On August 17, Keio 4 (old lunar calendar) (October 2, 1868), it was announced that Sokui no rei would be held ten days later, on August 27 (old lunar calendar) (October 12, 1868).
- 尚、庭訓とは、『論語』季子篇の中にある孔子が庭を走る息子を呼び止め詩や礼を学ぶよう諭したという故事に因み、父から子への教訓や家庭教育を意味する。
- The word 'teikin' originates from a historical event taken from the Ji Shi (Chief of the Ji Clan) section of 'Rongo' (the Analects of Confucius) in which Confucius called to his son to stop running in a garden and encouraged him to learn poetry and etiquette, signifying teachings from father to son and home education.
- そこに巡礼姿の久吉が現れ、五右衛門の句を詠み上げる: 久吉「石川や浜の真砂は尽きるとも」、五右衛門「や、何と」、久吉「世に盗人の種は尽きまじ」。
- At the end of the fight, Hisayoshi, disguised as a pilgrim, comes to the stage and reads Goemon's poem, 'Dear Ishikawa, even if all of the sands on the beach are gone--', Goemon interrupts, 'whoa, what?', Hisayoshi continues, '--the seeds of thieves wouldn't run out from the world' ('Ishikawa' refers to Goemon and to shingle).
- 日本の歴史書である『古事記』には、「その年の9月20日 (旧暦)に喪礼が執り行われ、遺令によって女帝の亡骸は息子・竹田皇子が眠る墓に合葬された。
- According to 'Kojiki,' a Japanese history book, 'the funeral rites were conducted on October 23, 628 and, according to the posthumous order, her remains were buried in the tomb where her son, Prince Tamura, slept.
- 『続日本紀』によると725年に聖武天皇が朝賀を受ける礼や、785年の冬至に桓武天皇が河内郡交野郡で執り行った儀式などがこれに当たると言われている。
- According to 'Shoku-Nihongi' (the second in a series of chronicles about Japan), the ceremony in which Emperor Shomu received 'Choga' (greetings of the New Year) in 725 and the ritual which Emperor Kanmu held in Katano County, Kawachi Province on the winter solstice in 785 correspond to this.
- 家元の存在する分野としては、各種の武術・武道、江戸期の公家家職に由来する有職故実・礼式の類、華道、茶道、書道、盆庭、能、邦楽、日本舞踊などがある。
- Iemoto exist in fields including various martial arts, practices and etiquette of the court or military households originating from Edo period court nobility professions, flower arranging, tea ceremony, calligraphy, bontei (tray gardening), noh, traditional Japanese music, and Classical Japanese dance.
- 吉兆の料理は、献立や、建具や調度品などを一期一会その場の雰囲気や季節に応じて変える「室礼(しつらい)」に至るまで、懐石料理の影響を強く受けている。
- The services of Kitcho including the menus and the 'shitsurai', by which fittings and furnishing goods are changed in accordance with the atmosphere and seasons under the concept of Ichigo Ichie (Treasure every encounter), are strongly affected by Kaiseki ryori (a simplified version of honzen ryori; dishes different from the Kaiseki ryori mentioned above, although the pronunciation is the same).
- 天皇が皇后の右に立つ理由は、少なくとも即位の礼においては西洋に倣ったわけではなく、真中・向って右に並ぶのであって、左・右に並んでいるわけではない。
- The reason why the emperor stands to the right of the empress is, at least at the enthronement ceremony, not because they are following the western style, but just because the emperor stands in the center while the empress is on his right from the viewer's perspective, meaning that they do not stand to the right or the left of each other.
- 武家社会においては、弓射の実利的側面が重視されたのは当然であるが、同時に儀礼的側面も重んじられ、公家の弓射儀礼を基礎としつつ様々な礼式が発達した。
- It is natural in the Samurai world that the practical aspect of Yumiire was emphasized, but high value was placed upon the ceremonial aspect and various codes of etiquette developed based upon Yumiire ceremonies of court nobles.
- 即位灌頂(そくいかんじょう)とは、11世紀ないし13世紀から江戸時代にかけて、天皇の即位の礼の中で行われた密教儀式で、その内容は秘儀とされていた。
- Sokuikanjo is a ritual of Esoteric Buddhism conducted in an enthronement ceremony for the emperor from the 11th or 13th century up to the Edo period and its contents were treated as a secret ceremony.
- これも地方によって違うが、初盆の家の人は門口や、お墓に白一色の提灯を立て、初盆以外のお墓には白と赤の色が入った提灯を立てるなど、特別の儀礼を行う。
- Though this also depends on the region, there are special rituals, for example, households experiencing Hatsubon hang all white Chochin (Japanese paper lantern) at the gate or grave, while other graves have red and white Chochin.
- 「君が代」の元歌は、「わが君は千代に八千代にさざれ石の、いわおとなりてこけのむすまで…」と詠われる福岡県の志賀島の志賀海神社の春の祭礼の歌である。
- The original song of 'Kimigayo' is the song for the spring festival of Shikaumi-jinja Shrine of Shikanoshima Island in Fukuoka Prefecture which read 'Wagakimiha chiyoni yachiyoni sazareishino iwaotonarite kokenomusmade…(My lord lives for thousands and thousands years until pebbles become a rock and bears moss... '.
- しかしながら、主として軍事的な理由においてソウル特別市まで上る事を朝鮮側から拒否され、釜山広域市に貿易目的で設立された倭館で返礼の儀式が行われた。
- However, the Korean side did not permit the envoy to come up to Seoul Special City mainly for military reasons, and a ceremony for the return call was held at Wakan (consular office) in Pusan Metropolitan City.
- また即位礼の習礼で皇族が使用し(このときは立烏帽子・指袴(切袴)・烏皮履を使用)、また神宮祭主など、皇族が神職をつとめる場合に使用例があるという。
- A konoshi is also worn by the Imperial Family during the rehearsal for the enthronement ceremony (on this occasion it is worn with a tateeboshi (formal headwear with a peak), a sashiko (hakama on which the sashinuki hem reaches the ankles and is not tied) and uhiri (black leather shoes)), and when members of the Imperial Family serve as Shinto priests such as the head priest of Ise-jingu Shrine.
- 西国三十三箇所霊場詣や四国八十八箇所霊場詣、他にも寺社何か所か合わせての巡礼等の場合には、専用の御朱印帳や用紙、掛軸などが用意されていることもある。
- Special goshuin-cho, paper, or hanging scrolls may be available when a pilgrimage, such as the 44 Saigoku sacred sites pilgrimage and 88 Shikoku sacred sites pilgrimage, involves visits to multiple temples.
- 古代後期から、殉教者の遺骨によって奇跡がおき、参拝した巡礼者に病気が治癒したりや歩けなかった足が動くようになったなどの事例が報告されるようになった。
- From the late ancient times, miracles involving the remains of martyrs were reported where a pilgrim who came to offer prayers was cured of his disease or a cripple was able to walk.
- 立花良介が総指揮を執り、阪東が総監督となり、貴司山治が「朝日新聞」に連載した写真物語を江川宇礼雄が脚色、枝正義郎が監督するという異色の大作であった。
- It should have been a great piece of work produced by an unusual mix of diverse talents: Ryosuke Tachibana as executive producer; Bando as executive director; Yoshiro EDAMASA as director; and Ureo EGAWA as screenwriter, adapting the story from the novel, 'Shashin Monogatari'(Photograph Story), by Yamaji KISHI, which was published in serial form in the newspaper 'Asahi Shimbun.'
- 元禄時代になり、葛籠屋甚兵衛という江戸の商人が規格サイズ(約87×53×45cm)を婚礼の道具として作り出し、庶民にも親しみやすいものになっていった。
- In the Genroku era, a merchant in Edo (Tokyo), Jinbe TSUZURAYA, made and sold unified size baskets (about 87 x 53 x 45cm) as bridal furniture and they became popular products for the common people.
- カトリック教会における葬儀観は、現代のカトリック教会の精神をもっともよく表している第2バチカン公会議の文書の一つ『典礼憲章』から読み取ることができる。
- The view of funerals by the Roman Catholic Church can be read in 'Constitutio de Sacra Liturgia,' one of the documents of the Second Vatican Council which best indicates the current Roman Catholic ethos.
- 受戒が終わると、1時40分、「ただいま上堂、ただいま上堂」のかけ声にあわせて練行衆は一団となって二月堂に上堂し、木沓にはきかえ、礼堂の床を踏みならす。
- After Jukai is over at one forty, Rengyoshu as one group go in Nigatsu-do Hall with the call of 'Now we go in, now we go in,' change into clogs and stomp on the floor of rai-do hall (a worship hall).
- 儒教的な葬礼が、檀家制度を通じ一般的となったのが、数少ない例外の一つであるが、儒教的な徳目は曲亭馬琴の南総里見八犬伝などを通じて教化がこころみられた。
- Confucian funeral rites, which became common through danka seido (parishioner system), is one of the few exceptions, but edification of the types of virtue in Ju-kyo were attempted, for example, through the story of eight dog samurai and a princess of Satomi family in Nanso region by Bakin KYOKUTEI.
- 現在でも七五三や十三参り、祭礼などに参加する少女が結うことがある(但し、現在では晴れ着の少女の髪形は結綿や勝山髷が主流で稚児髷は思ったほど多くない)。
- Even now chigomage is sometimes worn by girls when they take part in Shichi-go-san (a day of prayer for the healthy growth of young children) events, Jusan Mairi (a visit to a shrine or temple to celebrate being 13 years old), festivals and so on (however, today gaily dressed girls mainly wear Yuiwata [hair style like cotton wrapped up] or Katsuyama-mage [hair style with combs and pins], so that chigomage is not to be seen very often).
- 浄土真宗では、阿弥陀如来の本願(四十八願)により死者はすでに浄土に往生しているとされるので、「死者に対する回向」という概念がなく、礼拝の対象にもしない。
- Because the deceased are believed to have been already born in the Pure Land thanks to Amida Nyorai's primal vow (forty-eight vows) in Jodo Shinshu, the sect does not have the notion of eko (prayers for the repose of the soul) towards the deceased nor consider them to be objects of prayer.
- 長らく「ハレとケ」の二項図式を公理のようにみなした民俗構造の共時的な分析に傾斜し、もっぱら<「ハレ」の非日常=儀礼や祭り>に対して関心が寄せられていた。
- For a long time, it leaned toward the synchronic analysis of folklore structure that viewed the dichotomy of 'hare and ke' as an axiom, and there was an exclusive interest in the definition of 'hare' referring to non-ordinary events, which were rituals and festivals.
- 行灯袴は袴が町人のあいだでも穿かれることの多くなった江戸時代後期に発案されたものであり、本来は略式とされたが、現在では馬乗袴と同じく礼装にも用いられる。
- The andon hakama was invented in the late Edo period when the townspeople also put on hakama and it was initially regarded as informal, but it is currently used as formal wear like umanori hakama.
- その伝統を受け継ぐ小笠原流は武家社会での礼式に則った射の流れを汲む流派であり、今日の弓道で「礼射系」といえば、小笠原流に由来する作法や射法のことをいう。
- The Ogasawara school inherited a shooting tradition based upon the code of etiquette from the Samurai world and the 'Reisha group' in today's Kyudo means the code or style of shooting originating from the Ogasawara school.
- 朱熹の『家礼』は元から明にかけて丘濬『家礼儀節』の改良を経ながら士大夫層の儀礼として流行していたが、明末、宗族という家族形態とともに庶民にまで普及した。
- 'Karei' by Chu His was popular from Yuan to Ming as the Girai (Yili) for the shitaifu class, with improvements through 'Courtesy Among Cultured People and How to Keep Moderation' by Kyu Shun, and by the end of Ming, it spread to the common people along with a form of family called Sozoku (the paternal family group).
- しかしながら大孤の礼拝の所作は、仏教に対する敬虔さを表現しており、伎楽が喜劇的な要素をもちながら、寺院楽として用いられた理由がここにあるという説もある。
- However, the act of Taiko performing the Buddhist service expresses the devout behavior and spirit of people approaching toward Buddhism, which could be the reason that gigaku was performed at Buddhist temples even with the comical aspects of the performance.
- 王の舞と同じように、これら一連の芸能を構成する一つの芸能として平安後期の畿内の祭礼・法会でヒトツモノは成立し、中世に各地に伝播していったと考えられている。
- In the late Heian period, like the king dance, as one of such a series of performance arts, Hitotsumono was established in the festivals or Buddhism gatherings in the countries near Kyoto, and in the Medieval Period, it spread to various regions.
- 礼射思想については大陸文化の『射禮』を取り入れたものであり、大陸に習って国家としての基本を作り上げて行った飛鳥時代~奈良時代にその起源があると考えられる。
- Reisha (礼射) thought originates from 'Jarai (ceremonial shooting)' in culture and seems to have been created sometime in between the Asuka Period and the Nara Period, when basic policies of state were implemented, following China as a model.
- しかし、インドから中国へと伝播し民衆へと教化が行われるうちに、漢民族の道教や儒教に由来する先祖供養の民間信仰と習合し、仏教は葬送儀礼をも司るようになった。
- However, in the process that Buddhism spread from India to China and became familiarized to the common people, it had assimilated the Han race's folk religion for memorial services for ancestors which originated from Taoism and Confucianism, and at last Buddhist priests became to manage funeral rites as well.
- 家人が「食事を勧める」ことで、訪問者は時間を自覚でき、家人側も相手に対して失礼を犯さずに帰宅を要求することができる、という社交的な効果があると考えられる。
- The host may expect a sociable effect of 'offering meals' that reminds any guest of lapse of time and urges him to leave without discourteousness.
- 日本では神道、仏教などの祭りに参加するものも多く、企業では神棚を設置する所があり、神道、仏教、キリスト教など宗教を超えて安全祈願などの礼拝を行う事がある。
- In Japan, many people participate in Shintoist and Buddhist festivals, some companies have a household Shinto altar, and services, such as praying for safety, are often held beyond religious boundaries of Shinto, Buddhism, Christianity etc.
- 理由は、「術」という名は技術の上達のみに終始し、「礼儀」は無用と考えることになるのでよくなく、「武」は技術でないという観念を明確にするため、であったという。
- The reason was said to be that the term 'jutsu' was not suitable because it focused on only progress of the arts and was likely to result in the idea that 'courtesy' was unnecessary, and that 'do' had to be used to clarify the concept that 'bu' was not an art.
- 更に、肝心の料理店自体が用語の使い方を誤っている例がしばしば見られる(単なる婚礼や法事の会席料理や仕出し弁当に「本膳料理」という名前を付けている例がある)。
- In addition, examples where a restaurant uses the term improperly can often be seen (there are examples of naming the delivery box lunches 'formal arranged meals' for only a marriage or a Buddhist service).
- 地域により、通夜も喪服が礼儀であるとの見解もあるが、一般的に通夜へ喪服で参加することは失礼にあたる(喪服だと葬儀を予期してたようで失礼にあたるという考え)。
- In some regions, there is a view that it is good manners to wear Mofuku at Tsuya, however, it is, generally speaking, impolite to attend a Tsuya dressed in Mofuku (It comes from a view that wearing Mofuku indicates that a funeral has been expected, which is thought to be impolite.)
- それまでの歴代が禅的消極的であったのに対し、茶道以外にも華道、香道、謡曲などに通じていて、茶箱点や立礼式の創始、和巾点の復興など、明朗で積極的な人であった。
- In contrast with previous heads of the school, who had had a rather passive Zen-style attitude, Seichu GENGENSAI was a cheerful and active person with expertise in not only the tea ceremony but also flower arrangement, the traditional incense-smelling ceremony and Noh songs, who created such new methods of tea ceremony as chabakodate (a tea serving method using a tea chest) and ryureishiki (a style of tea ceremony using chairs to sit on) and also restored wakindate (a tea serving method using wakin or traditional Japanese cloth.)
- 「シ」[ʃi]を「ヒ」[çi]に転化して「失礼」(しつれい)を「ヒツレイ」としたり、[s] を [ʃi] に、[m] を [b] に転化させる例などがある。
- There are some examples to change pronunciation of 'shi' [ʃi] to 'hi' [çi], as in the case of 'hitsurei' instead of 'shitsurei' (literally, 'excuse me'), as well as 's' to [ʃi] and 'm' to [b].
- 天皇は明治元年(1868年)8月27日、政情の激しい移り変わりにより遅れていた即位の礼を執り行ない、同年9月20日に京都を出発して、東京に行幸した(東幸)。
- The emperor performed the enthronement ceremony on August 27, 1868, which was delayed because of strong political unrest, and left Kyoto for Tokyo on September 20.
- 総じて自己主張を抑える奥ゆかしさが美徳とされ、周りとの軋轢を避けようとする「和」の観念から、他の民族とは違った日本独特の人間関係における慣習や礼儀が見られる。
- In general, Japanese people think that a modest attitude of keeping down self-assertiveness is a virtue, and have a concept of 'harmony' of trying to avoid conflict with surrounding people, and therefore, Japanese people have customs and etiquette in human relationships which are unique and are not owned by other races.
- 祝食としては、壱岐島を中心とした九州で食べられる鯛素麺や滋賀県の長浜市を中心とした湖北地方で食べられる焼鯖素麺、広島県の婚礼に供される「鯛めん」が有名である。
- Known as a celebratory foods are sea bream somen eaten around Oki no shima Island in Kyushu, grilled mackerel somen eaten in the Kohoku area (area north of Lake Biwa) around Nagahama City, Shiga Prefecture, and 'tai men' (literally meaning sea bream noodle) served in wedding banquettes in Hiroshima Prefecture.
- 日本における木造仏像彫刻の古例として貴重であるとともに、大正時代以降、和辻哲郎の『古寺巡礼』、亀井勝一郎の『大和古寺風物誌』などの書物で紹介され著名になった。
- It is valued as an old example of wooden Buddhist sculptures in Japan; after the Taisho period, it was introduced in writings such as 'Koji Junrei' (A pilgrimage to ancient temples) by Tetsuro WATSUJI and 'Yamato Koji Fubutsushi' (Pilgrimage to the ancient temples of Yamato) by Katsuichiro KAMEI and became well-known.
- そして中山寺で宝印を探し出し、播磨国書写山の性空上人、河内国石川寺の仏眼上人と中山寺の弁光上人を伴い三十三箇所を巡礼したことから、やがて人々に広まっていった。
- Emperor Kazan then found the hoin at the Nakayama-dera Temple, made the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon accompanied by Saint Shoku in Mt. Shosha in Harima Province and Saint Butsugen at the Ishikawa-dera Temple in Kawachi Province, and as a result, the pilgrimage began to spread among people.
- 天皇が賢所・皇霊殿・神殿(合わせて宮中三殿と呼ぶ)に祀られている天照大神・天神地祇・歴代の天皇に即位の礼を行うことを告げる(神々に告げることを奉告という)儀式
- The ceremony that the Emperor announces to Amaterasu Omikami, the gods of heaven and earth and successive Emperors, enshrined in Kashikodokoro, Korei-den and shinden (they are called the Three Shrines in the Imperial Court) that he is going to hold Sokui no rei (to inform gods is called hokoku).
- このため、大名から民衆に至るまで上位の権力者から権利を授かれば、お礼として金品など実際の利益となる物を献上することが当然の礼儀・道理と考えられていたのである。
- As a result, everyone from Daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) to commoners thought it a natural courtesy and righteous judgment to present something beneficial such as money or goods in return when he/she was given a right by the higher authority.
- - 的屋とは基本的には祭礼や縁日や時節や年中行事で、寺社の参道や境内または門前町を主に、人出が見込まれる場所を渡り歩き商売をする、日本古来の伝統的な生業を指す。
- Tekiya is basically a traditional ancient Japanese vocation in which one travels looking for business in locations where a large number of people are expected, mainly around the sando (an approach to the temple) or precincts of temples and shrines, for rites and festivals, fairs, and annual events.
- 略式礼装にあたるため儀式などの重い席には着用されることが少ないが、軽い柄付けの訪問着より古典柄の付け下げの方が格が上とされるので、着用の際には注意が必要である。
- Although Tsukesage is not worn for formal ceremonial occasions as it is with informal dress, Tsukesage with classical designs are ranked higher than Homongi with light design, it requires care in choosing Wafuku suitable for an occasion.
- 本来は白いものであった(現在でも白い喪服を用いる地方もある)が、明治以降黒=礼装の色と定められたことと、洋装の黒=喪という感覚の影響で現代では黒が一般的である。
- Mofuku were originally white--in fact, people in some regions still wear white Mofuku--but, as black has taken root as the color of formal dress after the Meiji period, and the black Western clothing has been recognized as the mourning dress, Mofuku is black in general.
- なお、弓の引き方を儀礼的に行うことを一般に「礼射」というが、その際に小笠原流が「礼射」と称するところのものを日置流では「体配(たいはい)」と呼び、区別している。
- Pulling the bow in a ceremonial way is generally referred to as 'Reisha' (ceremonial shooting), however, the Heki school called this 'Reisha' of the Ogasawara school 'Taihai' (posture and manner of the martial art) in order to distinguish it.
- 体形的な祭礼の物では、『続日本後紀』天長10年(833年)11月戌申条、仁明天皇の大嘗祭に曳きたてられた「標山(しるしのやま・ひょうのやま・しめやま)」がある。
- One notable Yama used in a pageant for systemized festival, is the Shirushinoyama (also called Hyonoyama and Shimeyama) which was pulled around in the Onieno-matsuri festival held in November, 833 (the festival for the first ceremonial offering of rice by newly-enthroned Emperor Ninmyo) according to the 'Shoku-nihon-koki. (historical records published in 869, Heian era.)'
- 刈安染の青は「仁」を、アカネ染の赤は「礼」を、アイ (植物)染の紺は「智」を、ウコン染ないしヤマモモ染の黄は「信」を、そしてムラサキ染の紫は「徳」を表している。
- Blue dye, created from Kariyasu grass represents 'benevolence,' red dye from madder 'politeness,' dark-blue dye from indigo (plant) 'wisdom,' yellow dye from turmeric or bayberry 'faith' and purple dye from purple gromwell 'virtue.'
- また、上意討ち・無礼打ちに理不尽を感じた者は、両者にどのような身分差があれど(たとえ上司であっても)、脇差でならたとえ殺すことになっても刃向かうことも許された。
- Any person who felt Joiuchi (kill of offender) or Bureiuchi (kill of dishonor) outrageousness was allowed to fight against or even kill his enemy using a short sword however overcoming their status distinctions were (even the enemy was his superior).
- また、中世のもう一つの歴史認識は、年中行事や有職故実などの儀礼を通じて歴史を考えるというもので、そのため、故実を伝えるための日記や各種記録文書が多数作成された。
- During the medieval period, history was also recognized through ceremonies in annual events and in Yusoku kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette), and therefore, many diaries and records were written to hand over practices from older days to later generations.
- 祓う(災厄、身の汚れを祓う)、示す・正す(威儀)、顔を隠す(威儀)、表す(家紋など、象徴)、かざす(儀式の際)、占う(軍配、差配)、もてなす(客間、作法・礼儀)。
- The Uchiwa fan is used to drive out evil spirits, show dignity, cover one's face to show dignity, show one's symbol such as a family crest, tell fortunes, take command of the military, and demonstrate good manners when entertaining others in a drawing room; it is also held above one's head in certain rituals.
- しかし、1928年(昭和3年)の即位の礼で調製した十二単は、この「板引き加工」も贅沢であるとして通常の生地から調製されるようになり、この慣行が現在まで続いている。
- However, uchiginu made by 'itahiki' was still considered very luxury, so at the accession ceremony of Emperor Showa of 1928 when the juni-hitoe was prepared, the uchiginu was made of plain materials; since then uchiginu have been made of plain materials until the present.
- 鎌倉時代後半から南北朝時代にかけて、天皇の存在が互いに不可欠であった摂関家と寺院勢力は、自らの存続をかけて共同で即位儀礼の中に即位灌頂を持ち込んだものと見られる。
- It seems that in the late Kamakura period and the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), Sekkan-ke and temples for both of whom existence of the emperor was indispensable, brought jointly sokuikanjo into the enthronement ceremony for their own survival.
- 北朝では後漢の古文学が行われ、『周易』・『書経』・『毛詩』「三礼」は鄭玄注、『春秋左氏伝』は後漢の服虔(ふっけん)の注、『春秋公羊伝』は後漢の何休の注が尊ばれた。
- In the Northern Dynasty, Kobun learning of later Han was practiced, and 'Zhouyi,' 'Shujing,' 'Mao shi,' and 'Sanrai' honored annotations by Jo Gen, 'Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan,' the annotation by Fukken of later Han, and 'Shunju Kuyo-den,' the annotation by Ka Kyu of later Han.
- 物具装束(もののぐしょうぞく、平安末期までの正装)では上記に比礼(ひれ)、桾帯(くんたい)を追加、髪の毛を結い上げ、宝冠(ほうかん)を追加、奈良時代の風俗を残す。
- In addition to the clothes mentioned above, Mononogu shozoku (a formal wear worn until the late Heian period) contained hire (cloth sash hung from the shoulders) and kuntai (cloth sash hung from the waist), with the hair done up and hokan (crown) on top of the head, in which the Nara period customs remained.
- 大舘常興書札抄(おおだちじょうこうしょさつしょう)は、室町時代後期から戦国時代 (日本)にかけての室町幕府幕臣大舘尚氏の書札礼書(「大館」とも表記、常興は法号)。
- Odachijoko shosatsusho is a book of shosatsurei (model sentences for official letters) written by Hisauji ODACHI, a vassal of the Muromachi bakufu from the late Muromachi period to the Sengoku period (Japan) (the book is also called 'Odachi' and Joko was the priest name of the author).
- 特に11月13日付で「天皇への無礼と京大の責任」なる論説を掲載した京都新聞を初めとして新聞は学生側を強く非難し、常軌を逸した「不敬罪」であるかのように書き立てた。
- Especially, newspapers strongly condemned students as if they committed 'lese majesty,' including Kyoto Shimbun which posted the article 'Disrespect for the Emperor and Kyoto University's responsibility' on November 13.
- 、ヤヨイ食品の企画によりコロッケのキャンペーンソング「コロッケのうた」(作詞:礼空トオル、作曲:青木隆、歌:やよいちゃん)がシングルコンパクトディスクで発売された。
- Yayoi Foods Co., Ltd.'s korokke campaign song, 'Korokke Song' (Lyric is composed by Tooru RESORA, song is written by Takashi AOKI, sung by Yayoi-chan) was released as a single on CD.
- 江戸時代の武家社会における礼装は、その者の官位により直垂・狩衣・大紋(大名の場合・忠臣蔵などで見られる)、素襖(旗本以下の場合・能、狂言の舞台で見られる)であった。
- Meanwhile, formal clothes of the people of samurai society in the Edo period depended on their official ranks, ranging from hitatare, kariginu, daimon (worn by a feudal lord as seen in the drama 'Chushingura') and suo (worn by lower ranks than Hatamoto or direct retainers of the shogun, as seen on the stages of Noh, Kyogen and other plays.)
- 江戸時代、太平の世にあって弓矢が武器としての役割を後退させる中で、武射系統も礼法を摂取することにより文武の両側面は融合し、弓術は武士階級に必須の武芸となっていった。
- In the peaceful Edo Period when the bow and arrow declined as the role of a weapon, the lineage of the Busha group incorporated rules of decorum so that both aspects of Bunsha and Busha were combined and Kyuju became the essential military art for the Samurai hierarchy.
- この動きの中で、主に「より美味しいお茶を味わうため」の技術を追求する目的に加え茶道の流儀などを参考とし、一定の形式や礼法を定めた「宗匠派」と呼ばれる一派も生まれる。
- In this movement, the 'Sosho school' was founded and they added a certain level of form and manners by modeling the established sado to the purpose of sencha-do pursuing how to better enjoy the taste of tea.
- そもそも「食事を勧められる」ということは、客がそのような食事時に訪問しているか、あるいは食事時まで居続けているということであり、常識的に考えれば失礼な行為に当たる。
- In the first place, 'being offered any meal' means that you are visiting him at mealtime or you have extended your stay until mealtime, and this kind of action should be regarded as unmannerly from common-sense.
- こうした呼称の違いは、各地域と高野・熊野との結びつきや巡礼等の目的地の違いに依存すると考えられ、「小辺路」は参詣道全体を鳥瞰するような場合に用いられる名なのである。
- It is considered that this difference of names depends on the connection between each region and Koya or Kumano and on the destination of each pilgrim, and the name 'Kohechi' was used only when the whole pilgrimage road had to be explained.
- 中村歌右衛門 (6代目)と共演した『建礼門院』の後白河法皇、『隅田川』の舟長や、晩年長男・二代目扇雀と共演した『宿無団七』の並木正三など枯れた芸風で演じた役も傑作。
- Also, roles which he played with a seasoned style of performance were masterpieces, such as the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa in 'Kenreimonin' and Funaosa (shipmaster) in 'Sumida-gawa' (the Sumida-gawa River) which he performed with Utaemon NAKAMURA, the sixth, and Shozo NAMIKI in 'Yadonashi Danshichi' (Homeless Danshichi) which he performed with his first son Senjaku the second in his later years.
- しかし、1928年(昭和3年)4月の片岡千恵蔵、嵐寛寿郎、山口俊雄 (新派俳優)、中根龍太郎、市川小文治、山本礼三郎らスター俳優の集団退社のさいに、ともに退社した。
- However, when star actors including Chiezo KATAOKA, Kanjuro ARASHI, Toshio YAMAGUCHI (an actor belonging to Shinpa-Geki), Ryutaro NAKANE, Kobunji ICHIKAWA and Reizaburo YAMAMOTO left the company in a group in April of 1928, TAKEI resigned as well.
- この越後騒動後、越前松平家の宗家は忠直の弟松平忠昌が継ぎ、嫡流で忠直の嫡男松平光長は嫡家と称されたが、嫡家は嫡宗権を持たず、相応の礼を賜るに留まったというものである。
- After this Echigo-sodo (Echigo scandal), the Soke of the Echizen-MATSUDAIRA family was succeeded by Tadamasa MATSUDAIRA, Tadanao's younger brother, and Mitsunaga, Tadanao's eldest son, was respected as Chakuke but not allowed to govern the whole family.
- だが、2年後に今度は延暦寺と堅田の南にある坂本 (大津市)との衝突が起きると、延暦寺側が譲歩して延暦寺に多額の礼金を上納する事を条件に堅田の再興が許される事になった。
- Two years after that, when a conflict between Enryaku-ji Temple and Sakamoto (Otsu City), south to Katata, occurred, Enryaku-ji Temple compromised and allowed the restoration of Katata based on the condition that Katata would pay a reward to Enryaku-ji Temple.
- 藤原実頼は、儀礼について深く研究したことで知られ、後に小野宮流と呼ばれる彼を祖とする流派の根本資料となる宮中の儀礼・慣習に関する記述が多数含まれていたと言われている。
- FUJIWARA no Saneyori is known for his deep study of Girei (rites), and the diary, is said to include many definitions about the rituals and customs of the imperial court, later it became the primary written material in a school called Ononomiya line, of which he was the founder.
- 本作は上演すれば必ず大入り満員御礼となる演目として有名で、かつては不況だったり劇場が経営難に陥ったりしたときの特効薬として「芝居の独参湯」と呼ばれることもあったほど。
- This program is famous as a play that consistently draws big crowds every time it is performed, and it was once called 'shibai no dokujinto of theater' (medicinal bath for theaters) because it was an effective remedy for theaters facing financial difficulties.
- 108つの玉の内の8つの大玉で、「仁義礼智信忠孝悌」と現れていたが、八房が伏姫を恋い慕うようになってからは「如是畜生発菩提心」の8文字がひとつずつ浮かぶようになった。
- They are eight large beads of the 108 beads, which originally bore the letters meaning humanity, justice, courtesy, wisdom, loyalty, sincerity, filial piety and obedience, but after Yatsufusa began to love Princess Fuse the letters turned into 'Nyoze Chikusho Hotsubo Daishin.'
- 古くは羽織を略したもののみを特に着流しと称し、袴をつけなくとも羽織を着ていれば礼装にかなうとされていたが、現在では羽織の有無にかかわらず袴を着けない様を指すことが多い。
- In days gone by, only the style in which one omitted haori (a Japanese half-coat) was particularly called kinagashi, and if only he had haori on, he could be considered to be in a formal costume even if he didn't have hakama on, but now kinagashi often indicate the style without hakama, whether he had haori on or not.
- 武射系と言えば日置流系統の射を指し(この場合は歩射・堂射が含まれている)、礼射系と言えば、小笠原流騎射・歩射から儀礼・儀式的なものを加味されつつ発展した射の系統を指す。
- When it comes to the busha group, it refers to the Heki school system (in this case, it includes walking archery and long-range archery), and when it comes to the reisha group, it refers to the shooting system developed from Ogasawara school's riding archery and walking archery, but gradually implemented with ceremonial elements.
- 同文書では「葬儀はキリスト信者の死の過ぎ越しの性格をより明らかに表現し、典礼色も含めて各地方の状況と伝統によりよく適応したものでなければならない」(81条)としている。
- The document stipulates 'Funeral rites should express more clearly the paschal character of Christian death, and should correspond more closely to the circumstances and traditions found in various regions. This also applies to the liturgical color to be used' (Article 81).
- また宣賢の孫舟橋枝賢(しげかた)(正三位・宮内卿・侍従・少納言)(1520年-1590年)の娘いと(洗礼名:マリア)は、細川ガラシャに仕えてキリスト教入信を手助けした。
- Furthermore, Ito (Christian name: Maria), a daughter of Nobukata's grandson, Shigekata FUNABASHI (Shosanmi, Kunaikyo [Minister of the Sovereign's Household], jiju, Shonagon) (1520 - 1590), served Gracia HOSOKAWA and helped her convert to Christianity.
- 教科書は平安時代に三経(詩経・書経・易経)、三礼(周礼・儀礼・礼記)、三伝(春秋左氏伝・春秋公羊伝・春秋穀梁伝)及び『論語』『孝経』の11経が主な教材として確立された。
- The following eleven books were established as the major Myogyo textbooks during the Heian period: the three Sankyo (three classics on Confucianism) called Shikyo, Shokyo and Ekikyo; the three Sanrai (three classical texts on rites) called Shurai, Girai and Raiki; the three Sanden (three classics on a Chinese history book 'Shunju') called Shunju Sashiden, Shunju Kuyoden and Shunju Kokuryoden; as well as the 'Rongo' and 'Kokyo.'
- 文化 (元号)四年 (1807) に富岡八幡宮の祭礼でごったがえした付近の永代橋が崩落した事件と、文政三年 (1820) に起きた深川の芸者殺しの事件を題材にしている。
- Its' themes were based on the Eidai-bashi bridge-collapsing incident that occurred in 1807 around a place thronged with people for a festival at Tomioka Hachiman-gu Shrine, and on the geisha-killing incident that occurred in 1820 in Fukagawa.
- 侘茶法は千利休ゆずりの草庵の茶といい、これに対して式正茶法は書院および広間の茶で、室町以来の書院茶に武家の礼儀作法と侘茶の精神とを取り入れた秋元瑞阿弥独自の流儀である。
- The Wabi-cha school is said to favor a style of tea ceremony performed in a simple thatched cottage (soan) that is derived from SEN no Rikyu; the Shikisei school, on the other hand, is a style of tea ceremony performed in a study (Shoincha) or grand hall, and this is the original way developed by Zuiami AKIMOTO, who incorporated the philosophy of the samurai called Reigi Saho (civilities) and the spirit of Wabi-cha into the Shoincha way of tea ceremony from the post-Muromachi period.
- 共通して「犬」の字を含む名字を持つ八犬士は、それぞれに仁・義・礼・智・忠・信・孝・悌の文字のある数珠の玉(仁義八行の玉)を持ち、牡丹の形の痣を身体のどこかに持っている。
- The dog warriors, whose family names contain the kanji for 'dog' in common, have a peony-shaped bruise somewhere on their body, as well as a bead of Juzu (rosary) with the kanji for humanity, justice, courtesy, wisdom, loyalty, sincerity, filial piety and obedience respectively (Beards of Jingi-hachigyo [eight benevolences and righteousnesses]).
- 別名「牽牛」(花は「牽牛花」)というが、これは、その種(牽牛子)が薬として非常に高価で珍重されたため、種を贈られた者はウシを牽いて御礼をしたという、古い中国の謂れである。
- It is also known as 'kengyu' (Cowherd) (its flower is called 'kengyuka') because in ancient China its seeds (called kengoshi) were so expensive and so valuable medicines that people who were given the seeds would thank the giver taking their cows with them.
- 差し上げ(さしあげ)とは、おもに祭で運行される神輿や太鼓台、ふとん太鼓、山車など担いで運行する方式の祭礼神具を 通常の担ぐ高さより更に高く持ち上げて舁く様子のことをさす。
- Sashiage is a way of lifting up votive objects for a Shinto home shrine, which are of a shouldered type used at a festival, such as Mikoshi (a portable shrine), Taikodai (a drum stand), Futon Daiko (a mattress drum) or Dashi (a float), higher than usual.
- この「祭天」自体は、名称から想起されるような祭祀や祭礼のような意味合いはなく、隣接する郡山市の郡山うねめまつりのように郷土の歴史や言い伝えなどを下敷きにしたものでもない。
- This 'Saiten' itself doesn't mean a rite or a ritual, which is associated with the name, nor is it based on the local history and legends unlike Koriyama Uneme Festival in adjoining Koriyama City.
- 室町時代には抹茶を入れる容器として価値を高め、室礼の様式化に伴って優品が選ばれるようになると(『君台観左右帳記』を参照)、特に優れた物には銘が与えられて「名物」となった。
- During the Muromachi period the value of chaire was enhanced as a container for powdered green tea, and when better pieces began to be selected with the progress of formalization of shitsurai (placing decorations suitable for a season or ritual onto appropriate indoor places) (see 'Kundaikansochoki' (book of secrets about zashiki-kazari (decoration of room or study with shoin (one of Japan's most important residential architectural styles, established in Momoyama era)))), especially excellent pieces were given a name and ranked as 'masterpieces.'
- 6代将軍の足利義教の頃には将軍家の「弓馬師範」としての地位を確立し、以後的始め、馬始めなど幕府の公式儀礼をしばしば差配し、当時における武家の有職故実の中心的存在となった。
- In the period of the sixth shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, it established the position of 'the master of kyuba' of the shogun family and often managed the official ceremonies of bakufu such as Mato-hajime and Uma-hajime (first horse riding in beginning of year) as the key player of yusoku kojitsu of samurai families around that time.
- 儀式(ぎしき)とは、本来は律令制の朝廷における公務・宮中行事に際しての礼儀作法のことであるが、後にはこうした作法を規定した編纂物・書物のことを「儀式」と呼ぶようになった。
- Gishiki originally meant court rule and customs in official duties and ceremonial functions at the imperial court under the ritsuryo system, and later, compilations and books for prescribing court rule and customs came to be called 'Gishiki.'
- つまり国歌の必要性は、まずなによりも、外交儀礼の場において軍楽隊が演奏するために生じるのであり、現在でも例えばスペイン国歌・国王行進曲のように、歌詞のない国歌も存在する。
- In other words, the necessity of a national anthem is generated by a military band on the occasion of extending diplomatic courtesy and, even today, there are national anthems that have no words like Spanish National Anthem, Marcha Real.
- また、長年続いた礼銭の観念から賄賂に対する罪悪感は希薄な状態が続き、江戸幕府そして明治政府以後に至るまでこうした賄賂や買収を巡る問題が絶えない一因とも考えられるのである。
- It is also possible to suppose that the issues of bribery and corruption kept appearing from the Edo bakufu through and after the Meiji government because people had been accustomed to the concept of the reisen and not felt so guilty for a long time.
- 井上は昭和8年に没し、翌9年に井上の弟子金子有鄰が細川護立侯爵(当時の細川家当主)の許しを得て、細川侯・熊本県知事立会のもと、「三十四代武田流弓馬軍礼故実司家」を相伝した。
- In 1933 Inoue died, and in 1934, his disciple Yurin KANEKO obtained the permission from Marquis Morihisa HOSOKAWA (a head of the Hosokawa family at the time) and inherited 'the 34th tsukasake family of Takeda Kyuba-gunrei Kojitsu' in witness whereof Marquis HOSOKAWA and the governor of Kumamoto Prefecture.
- 祭天は壮大な儀礼であり、その壇となった場所は今の北京市南部に残っており、明および清代に祭天が行われたこの場所は272万㎡の面積を誇る御苑の中に古の建築物とともに残っている。
- Saiten was a magnificent ritual, and the site of the altar for it still remains in the southern part of Beijing and the site where Saiten took place during the Ming and Qing Dynasties remains with other ancient structures in the park covering 2.72 million square meters.
- 現在では最も袖丈の短い小振袖はほとんど着用されないが、格式があれば中振袖でも第一礼装とし通用するとされ、一般的な大振袖より格が落ちるわけではない(むしろ古風と認識される)。
- Today, hardly anyone wears the short furisode, which has the shortest sleeves of the three types of furisode; instead, it is the middle-length furisode that has become the most popular type of formal wear for ceremonies and the like, and the middle-length furisode is not necessarily seen as a step down in formality from the long furisode (indeed, the mid-length furisode has earned recognition as an even older, more venerable style).
- しかしながら、室礼(しつらい)としての「賢聖の障子」は、取り外される事が前提の嵌め込み式である事を考えると、出入口として設けた「障子戸」が、固定式の扉であっては都合が悪い。
- However, considering that the 'Kenjo no shoji' as Shiturai was a removable set-in door, it was not convenient if 'Shoji-to' as a way in or out was a fixed door.
- 一方、武家においても、諏訪大社や二荒山神社への贄鷹儀礼と結びついて、禰津流、小笠原流、宇都宮流等の鷹術流派が現れ、禰津信直門下からは、屋代流、荒井流、吉田流などが分派した。
- On the other hand, in the warrior class Taka-gari developed in combination with a ceremony to sacrifice a hawk in Suwa Taisha and Futarasan-jinja Shrines, and that led to the schools of falconry technique such as the Nezu school, the Ogasawara school, and Utsunomiya school, and moreover, the Yashiro school, the Arai school, and Yoshida school, split from descendant of Nobunao NEZU.
- 欽明天皇は百済王からの伝来を受けて、特に仏像の見事さに感銘し、群臣に対し「西方の国々の『仏』は端厳でいまだ見たことのない相貌である。これを礼すべきかどうか」と意見を聞いた。
- The Emperor Kinmei, who was introduced to Buddhism by the Baekje's king, was especially moved by the beauty of Buddha statue and asked his retainers, ''Buddha' of west countries has a look of dignity which I have never seen. I wonder whether we should worship it or not.'
- 選手は試合場に入り二歩進んでお互いに礼をし、三歩進んで蹲踞したあと審判の「始め!」の声がかかってから立ち上がって勝敗が決するか規定の試合時間が経つまでお互いに技を出し合う。
- The contenders enter the match site, step forward two paces, bow to each other, step forward three paces, take a Sonkyo (squatting position) and stand up when the referee calls out, 'Hajime (Start),' and then fight to the finish using their techniques or until the specified duration of the match has elapsed.
- 天長節の儀礼が整ったのは明治5年で、同年の天長節の勅語で「茲ニ朕カ誕辰ニ方リ群臣ヲ会同シ酺宴ヲ張リ舞楽ヲ奏セシム汝群臣朕カ偕ニ楽シムノ意ヲ体シ其ノ能ク歓ヲ尽セヨ」と宣した。
- Finally in 1872, tencho setsu ceremony was formally arranged and at the Ordinance of tencho setsu of that year, it was declared that '茲ニ朕カ誕辰ニ方リ群臣ヲ会同シ酺宴ヲ張リ舞楽ヲ奏セシム汝群臣朕カ偕ニ楽シムノ意ヲ体シ其ノ能ク歓ヲ尽セヨ.'
- むしろ討たれる者が士分の場合、何も抵抗せずにただ無礼打ちされた場合は、国家鎮護守・外敵制征圧(軍事警察力)を担う兵(つわもの)である武家としての「不心得者である」とされた。
- When the attacked was a warrior and was attacked in Bureiuchi without resisting the attacker, he was punished severely as an 'imprudent person' since he was expected to be a soldier who worked for the protection of the nation and to conquer outside enemies (military and police power).
- 巡礼は、体力的、経済的に可能な者に、一生に一度は行なうよう義務付けられている行為であるが、巡礼を果たしたムスリム(イスラム教徒)は、「ハーッジー」と呼ばれ、特に尊敬される。
- The pilgrimage is a duty to be fulfilled at least once during a lifetime for all followers who are physically and financially able, and a Muslim who has completed the pilgrimage is greatly respected and called 'al-haji.'
- なお、明治5年に宮中や官界では正装・礼装を洋服に改めたため、現在では、宮中祭祀・儀式の際に諸皇族方や掌典職が祭服として着用するほかは、神社界の神職が正装として衣冠を着用する。
- Since 1872, European clothes have become the formal attire and ceremonial dresses in the Imperial Court and the government, so now ikan is used by Shinto priests in shrines as formal attire, besides the imperial families and ceremonial staffs wear ikan as ceremonial attire in court rituals and ceremonies.
- この本膳料理は少なからず儀礼的な物であり、この後に能や狂言などの演技が行われつつ、後段と呼ばれるうどんや素麺といった軽食類や酒肴が出されて、ここで本来の意味での酒宴になった。
- This Honzen ryori (formally arranged meal) was just ceremonial; after this was the Noh play and the Noh farce, then a light meal and sake was served such as udon (Japanese thick white noodles) and thin wheat noodles which was the actual feast.
- こうしたことから奉公衆とはいえ一般の番衆とは区別され、書札礼では「小笠原殿のことは、弓馬師範たる間、如何にも賞翫にて恐惶謹言と書く事、可然也」(『大舘常興書札抄』)とされた。
- Because of those, it was distinguished from ordinary banshu (guards) though it was hokoshu, and in Shosatsurei (Remarks on the Concept of Epistolary Etiquette) it was written 'it is natural that I humbly write about Mr. Ogasawara with appreciation while they are serving as the position of the master of kyuba' ('Odachijoko shosatsusho').
- 後に室町幕府の14代征夷大将軍・足利義栄が将軍就任の御礼に朝廷に献上した銭貨や同じく織田信長が正親町天皇の儲君誠仁親王の元服の際に献上した銭貨が鐚銭ばかりであると非難された。
- It was criticized that the coins contained mostly akusen, the coins which Yoshihide ASHIKAGA, the 14th seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi bakufu presented to the Imperial court as a reward for the assumption of the Shogun, and coins which Nobunaga ODA presented at the ceremony of genpuku (celebration of one's coming of age) for Imperial Prince Sanehito, the chokun (crown prince) of Emperor Ogimachi.
- 明治2年(1869年)に設立された薩摩藩軍楽隊の隊員に対し、イギリス公使館護衛隊歩兵大隊の軍楽隊長ジョン・ウィリアム・フェントンが国歌あるいは儀礼音楽を設けるべきと進言した。
- John William Fenton who was the military bandmaster for the infantry battalion of the convoy attached to the British Legation advised to the military band of the Satsuma Domain established in 1869 to prepare a national anthem or ceremonial music.
- 生まれて初めて富士山を祀る神社に参拝する行事で、山開きの日(多くは6月1日)の例祭に、初山団扇と呼ばれる団扇を購入して親類縁者に配り、子供の成長の御礼と報告を兼ねる場合が多い。
- In an event that a child visits the shrine where Mt. Fuji is enshrined for the first time, his or her parents buy Uchiwa fan called Hatsuyama Uchiwa in the annual festival held on the opening day of a mountain to climbers (usually June 1), distributing it to relatives for expressing their appreciation and telling relatives about their child's growth.
- 角隠し(つのかくし)は、和式の婚礼の儀において、花嫁が文金高島田(ぶんきんたかしまだ)と呼ばれる、日本的な高い髷(まげ)を結った髪の上に、頭を覆う形で被る帯状・幅広の布を言う。
- Tsunokakushi is a wide strip of cloth worn by a bride at a Japanese-style wedding ceremony, covering her head including the coiffure called Bunkintakashimada.
- 日本でも、このような弓の呪術性は、鳴弦という言葉に示され、平安時代に、宮中で夜間に襲来する悪霊を避けるために、武士たちによって、弓の弦をはじいて音を響かせる儀礼が行われていた。
- In Japan, this magic power of the bow can be seen in the word meigen, and during the Heian period a ceremony was held to make asound by striking the string of a bow by samurai at the Imperial Palace in order to avoid evil spirits that came during night.
- 地域住民を主体とする伝統的祭礼と異なり行政主導である事が多く、宗教的側面が薄く伝統的制約が少ないため集客を目的としたさまざまな趣向が凝らされて華やかなイベントとなる傾向にある。
- Unlike a traditional festival managed directly by local residents, urban festivals are often initiated by local governments and, since they have few religious characteristics or traditional restrictions, tend to be flamboyant with lots of events in order to attract crowds.
- 上人はこの三十三所巡礼を人々に説くが世間の信用が得られずあまり普及しなかったため、機が熟すのを待つこととし、閻魔大王から授かった宝印を摂津国の中山寺_(宝塚市)の石櫃に納めた。
- Saint Tokudo persuaded people to make the Sanjusankasho junrei (pilgrimage), but it did not become popular due to the lack of trust towards him among the public; thus, he decided to wait for the right time and placed the hoin he had received from Enma Daio in a stone urn at the Nakayama-dera Temple in Settsu Province.
- 源頼朝による鎌倉幕府の成立以後、元服や移徙などの重要な儀礼の際には椀飯が行われ、とりわけ年始に行われる「歳首の椀飯」は武家政権の最も重要な儀式の1つとして行われるようになった。
- After the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was established by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, oban was served at important ceremonies such as Genpuku (coming of age) and Ito (moving), and the 'Saishu no oban' that was served in the beginning of the year became one of the most important ceremonies of the buke (military) government.
- 建武式目は公家法と同様に「倹約」「礼節」を前面に掲げ、更に御成敗式目を「本条」としてその法源の主たる地位に置き、実際の訴訟でも奉行人は御成敗式目を常備していたと伝えられている。
- Like the court noble law, the Kenmu Code put forward 'thrift' and 'decorum,' and further put Goseibai-shikimoku in its main position of the source of law as 'main code,' thus reportedly bugyonin (a magistrate) always had Goseibai-shikimoku even in the actual lawsuit.
- 古典『太平記』で巻一に正中の変の顛末が記されており、無礼講と称して討幕計画や、計画に参加していた土岐頼員が妻に謀反の計画を漏らし、六波羅探題に事情を密告する話などが記されている。
- The first scroll of the classic, 'Taiheiki' (Records of Great Peace), includes an account of the Shochu no Hen (Shochu Incident), depicting it as an overthrow plan disguised as 'bureikou' (do as you please), and a story about Yorikazu TOKI, who was participating in the plan, leaking the rebellion plan to his wife who then betrayed them to the Rokuhara Tandai.
- 藤原京の頃を頂点として、次第に政事庶務の中心が朝堂院から周辺官衙に移っていき、平安京の頃にはその規模は縮小され、朝賀や即位、饗宴など、主に朝廷の盛典、儀礼に用いられるようになった。
- After the peak period of Fujiwara-kyo (the Fujiwara Palace; the ancient capital of Fujiwara), the center of political and general affairs had gradually shifted from the chodoin to the kanga (government office) around them, and by the time of Heian-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Kyoto), the scale of the chodoin had been reduced; as such, the chodoin came to be used mainly for rituals and ceremonies of the Imperial Court such as Choga (New Year's greetings or well-wishes offered by retainers to the Emperor), enthronement and a banquet.
- 『金枝篇』に載せられている例でいえばヨーロッパのキリスト教以前の色を濃く留めている風習の一つで、収穫した穀物を使い人形状のパンまたはクッキー(人体の象徴)を作り、分割する祭礼がある。
- According to an example stated in 'Kinshihen,' there was a festival of making human-shaped bread or cookie (symbol of human body) using harvested cereals, and of dividing it, as one of very religious European customs before the Christianity.
- 商売人といっても、祭礼時などは町鳶、町大工などの冠婚葬祭の互助活動と同じで、いわゆる寺社普請と呼ばれる相互扶助の一環でもあり、支払われるお金も代金ではなく祝儀不祝儀であるともいえる。
- Although they are referred to as merchants, they are similar to the cooperatives formed for ceremonial occasions such as scaffolding men or carpenters, and are part of the mutual assistance known as jisha fushin (to making efforts for the construction of temples and shrines), were not paid but rather given money as a gift.
- これは、餅を主体とする雑煮は近世以後に全国的に普及したもので、それ以前においては民衆社会に根ざした正月用の儀礼料理であり、餅主体の雑煮は畿内周辺にしか存在しなかったとするものである。
- This theory argues that zoni (without mochi) was one of the ritual dishes of the New Year among common people, and zoni containing mochi as essential ingredients was eaten only in the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) before the early-modern times, and since then it has spread across the country.
- また、福岡県久留米市でも、8世紀以前の曲水の宴の跡とされるものが発掘されており、筑紫の君磐井が「天皇の命に従わず、礼無きことが多かった」と非難された理由の一つであるという見解もある。
- In Kurume City, Fukuoka Prefecture, the remains of what seems to be a location where Kyokusui no en was held before the eighth century was excavated, and there is a view that this is one of the reasons why Iwai, King of Tsukushi was blamed for 'his rudeness and disobedience to the Emperor.'
- 祭礼時に祭、縁日、市(酉の市、だるま市、羽子板市、朝顔市)の境内、参道、門前町などで寺社との取り交わしにより神託を受け(熊手、達磨、羽子板、朝顔)などを売る(的屋と同じ)ものも多い。
- At rites and festivals, there are many tobishoku (same as tekiya [street vendors]) who sell rakes, daruma (Dharma dolls), hagoita (battledores) and morning glories in the precincts of shrines and temples holding festivals, fairs and markets (Tori no ichi [open-air market], Daruma-ichi [fair of Dharma dolls], Hagoita-ichi [battledore fair] and Asagao-ichi [Morning-glory fair]), and along the sando (approach to the temples) or in Monzen-machi (temple towns), after receiving the oracle by communicating with temples.
- 同時期にマキノを退社した嵐寛寿郎、山口俊雄 (新派俳優)、中根龍太郎、市川小文治、山本礼三郎がそれぞれプロダクションを設立、千恵プロとともに「日本映画プロダクション連盟」を結成した。
- Kanjuro ARASHI, Toshio YAMAGUCHI (actor of Shinpa-Geki), Ryutaro NAKANE, Kobunji ICHIKAWA and Reizaburo YAMAMOTO resigned from Makino around the same time, each establishing their own film production companies and worked together with Chie Puro to organize 'Nihon Eiga Purodakushon Renmei' (Japan Movie Production Federation).
- 伝統芸能や伝統のスポーツ、あるいは日常生活におけるお辞儀・礼儀作法・日本の食事作法などにおいて、広範に見られる特徴として「型(形)」の尊重という点が挙げられ、日本の美点ともされてきた。
- As a characteristic which is broadly seen in traditional performing arts, traditional sports, or in manners in Japanese daily life such as bowing, civility and rules of etiquette and table manners, a respect for 'kata' (standard form of a movement, posture, etc. in martial arts, sport, etc.) (or called katachi (pattern)) is pointed, and has been considered to be a virtue of Japan.
- 見合いや婚礼などの一生を決める祝いの席では、その場だけ取り繕ってごまかす意味の「茶を濁す」ことを忌み嫌うことから、祝いの席ではお茶を用いず、代わりの飲み物として桜湯を用いることが多い。
- During once-in-a-lifetime events, such as ceremonies involving marriage, sakurayu is used in place of green tea because tea is used in the saying 'cha o nigosu,' which has the meaning of glossing over something or making things look right only on the surface and therefore gives green tea a negative image.
- 平安期に登場した装束はそれ以降も朝廷・幕府等の儀礼に用いられ、着装法や着装する儀式と装束の相関に様々な時代的変化を経たものの、形状等の基礎的な部分に於いては現代に至っても通底している。
- The costumes that appeared during the Heian period had been used for ceremonies in the Imperial court and bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) since then, and the shape of clothing has essentially been the same until today, though 'how to wear costumes' and 'how rituals and costumes related to each other' had gone through various changes through the years.
- 入水した建礼門院は助け上げられ、内侍所(八咫鏡)と神璽(八尺瓊勾玉)は回収されたが、二位ノ尼とともに入水した安徳天皇は崩御し、宝剣(天叢雲剣)も海に没した(別説あり、天叢雲剣現存説)。
- Tokuko, who had jumped into the sea, was rescued and brought up again, and while the Eight-Span Mirror (Yata no kagami, one of the three Imperial Regalia); it was also known as the Naishidokoro (the Palace of the Inner Attendants, where it was kept) and the Grand Jewels (Yasakani no magatama, comma-shaped jewel) were recovered, Emperor Antoku, who had gone into the sea with Tokiko, perished, and the Sword (the Sword of the Heavenly Gathering of Clouds, the third of the Imperial Regalia) sank away into the sea (there is another theory which states that the Sword is still extant).
- なお皇后美智子が結婚・即位・立太子で、徳仁親王妃雅子が結婚で、文仁親王妃紀子が結婚並びに即位の礼で、夫々使用している写真をフォトグラフィック関連の書籍及び雑誌等で目にすることができる。
- There are books and magazines that contain photographs of hiogi fans used by the Empress Michiko at ceremonies of marriage, enthronement, and investiture of the Crown Prince; Princess Masako, the wife of Imperial Prince Naruhito at the marriage ceremony; and Princess Kiko, the wife of Imperial Prince Fumihito at the ceremonies of marriage and enthronement.
- 地中海沿岸からヨーロッパ各地に諸聖人の遺骨(聖遺物または不朽体)またはキリストの磔刑、ノアの箱舟の跡などの遺物を祭ったとされる教会、聖堂などが多数あり、そのような地への巡礼が行われた。
- Pilgrims traveled to numerous churches and cathedrals throughout the Mediterranean region and Europe that venerate the remains of saints (sacred relics or immortal body) or relics of the crucifixion of Christ or remains of Noah's Ark.
- これは、貴族・寺社への国家的給付(封戸物・正税物)の代替というやむを得ない場合もあるが、ほとんどが任期終了間際に国司が貴族・寺社から礼物をとり、国司免判を濫発したことによるものだった。
- This was mostly because kokushis got the gift items from aristocrats, temples, and shrines just before their service ended and in return over issued the remission of tax, though there were the unavoidable cases of the substitution of national benefits (fuko (a vassal household allotted to courtier, shrines and temples), shozei (the rice tax stored in provincial offices' warehouse)) for aristocrats, temples, and shrines.
- 布袴(ほうこ/束帯の袴を指貫に置き換えたもので私的な式での礼装)、直衣、狩衣(狩衣には院政期までは差袴と言う細身の袴を使用)と一緒に着用され、さまざまな色を年齢や状況に合わせて使った。
- It was worn with hoko (a personal style of formal dress in which a sokutai (old ceremonial court dress) hakama has been replaced with a sashinuki), noshi (an unlined, long-sleeved garment), kariginu (a narrow hakama was used with kariginu until the period of cloistered rule) and a variety of colors were worn depending on age and status.
- 「的矢」は、関西では楊弓場(ようきゅうじょう)、関東で矢場(やば)といわれ、祭礼の立つ日の庭場や遊郭で出店や夜店として、弓矢を使い的に当て、的の位置や種類により、商品や賞金が振舞われた。
- Matoya' was known as 'yokyu-jo' (yokyu place) in the Kansai region of western Japan and 'yaba' (arrow place) in the eastern Kanto region and during festivals, stalls were set up in niwaba and in red light districts (or licensed quarters), with prizes or money awarded depending on the position or the type of the target.
- 古代史家の三宅和朗はこの変化について、平安初期における触穢信仰の高まりが、葬送儀礼にも深く関わっていた方相氏に対する忌避感を強め、穢れとして追われる側に変化させたのではないかとしている。
- Kazuo MIYAKE, an ancient historian explains that this change may have occurred because popularity of Shokue shinko (uncleanliness religion) in the early Heian period developed the sense of avoidance against Hososhi, who had been deeply related with funeral rites, and altered the position of Hososhi to be expelled as impurities.
- また、伝統などの違いにより例外もあるが、多くの祭りにおいては工夫を凝らした美しい衣装や化粧、厚化粧を施して稚児、巫女、手古舞、踊り子、祭囃子、行列等により氏子が祭礼に参加することも多い。
- In many matsuri, although there are exceptions due to a difference of tradition, shrine parishioners often participate in the rites and festivals by putting on an artful and beautiful costume, and makeup or heavy makeup, as chigo (beautifully dressed children parading at festivals), miko (a shrine maiden), performers of tekomai (float leading dance), dancers, performers of festival music, participants in the parade and so on.
- 杉障子には絵を描き、壁の代用にも用いていたことは、室礼としての襖障子の延長とも考えられるが、主に縁側と部屋との仕切りや縁上の仕切りにに使用され、また出窓形式の書院の窓にも使用されていた。
- Considering that pictures were executed on Sugi-shoji and it was used as an alternative wall, it can be thought of as a kind of development of Fusuma-shoji of Shitsurai, and it was mainly used for partitions between verandas and rooms or on the veranda as well as a shoin window (study or guest room in Japanese residential architecture) resembling a bay window.
- 江戸時代中期以降になると切腹自体が簡略・儀礼化し、いわゆる「扇子腹」の形式で行われるようになり、切腹人が小刀・脇差に見立てた扇子に手を伸ばそうとした瞬間に介錯することがほとんどであった。
- Since the mid Edo period, Seppuku was simplified and ritualized, eventually reduced to a so-called Sensu-bara pattern, in which an assistant swung the sword down onto the person committing Seppuku the very moment he reached for Sensu (a fan) which represented a short sword or Wakizashi used for disemboweling.
- だが、後には一献料(いっこんりょう)とも呼ばれて、官職や訴訟における有利な判決と引き換えに謝礼として室町幕府や朝廷、守護大名、あるいはそれらに仕える役人達に対して献上される金品を指した。
- The reisen was later called the ikkonryo to indicate the gifts (money or goods) presented to the Muromachi bakufu, the Imperial Court, Shugo Daimyo, and the government officials working for them in exchange for receiving a government post or a favorable ruling in a lawsuit.
- 神輿が神社の所有物であるのに対して、太鼓台は山車と同様に氏子地域からの出し物であることが多く、太鼓台の祭礼における役割は神幸祭のお供や先導(露払い)、および神前での練りによる奉納等である。
- While a mikoshi (a portable shrine) belongs to a shrine, a taikodai as well as a dashi usually belongs to the area of ujiko (shrine parishioners) who donate and maintain it, and the role of taikodai in rites and festivals is to accompany the Shinko-sai Festival (a kind of Shinto ritual; carrying the deity in a mikoshi from a shrine through the community), to lead its parades (tsuyuharai; a forerunner), and to dedicate them before the gods.
- 平家が滅亡した後、平家の数少ない生き残りで、京の大原に隠棲した建礼門院(平徳子)が、慰めのために持ち寄られた地元の漬物を気に入り、紫葉の入った漬物、「紫葉漬け」と名付けたという伝承がある。
- There is an legend that, after the Taira clan was destroyed, Kenreimonin (TAIRA no Tokuko), one of the few survivors of the Taira clan, having secluded herself in Ohara, Kyoto, liked the local Tsukemono brought for her comfort, and named the Tsukemono with perilla 'Shibazuke.'
- 山鉾の源流は大嘗祭で曳かれていた標山であると考えられているが、一部ではインドのオリッサ州地方で行われる4月の祭礼ジャガンナート祭の山車が山鉾のモデルになったものではないか、と言われている。
- The origin of the yama and hoko floats is believed to be shirushi yama (tall decorative float with wheels), that was pulled in Daijosai (first ceremonial offering of rice by newly-enthroned Emperor); some say that the yama and hoko floats originated from the floats in the Jagannatha Festival, a religious festival held in April in the state of Orissa, India.
- やがて「舞事」になり、「今この経の功徳にて」成仏した礼をのべ、地謡の「龍女成仏、さてこそ讃州志度寺と号し、毎年八講、朝暮の勤行、仏法繁昌の霊地となるも、この孝養と承る(龍女は成仏しました。
- Soon it becomes 'mai-goto' (instrumental dance) and she gives thanks for her jobutsu (die peacefully) through 'the merit of the sutra,' and with the dance to the Jiutai singing, 'Ryunyo has died peacefully.
- 民間企業では法令で規制・禁止されているわけではないが、バブル崩壊後の虚礼見直しや企業活動のコンプライアンス確保のため、企業方針として高額の贈答品の受け取りを辞退する企業が多くなってきている。
- Although it is not prohibited for private businesses, an increasing number of companies have decided as company policy to refuse expensive gifts as an action to readjust empty formalities after the burst of the bubble economy or to ensure ongoing compliance of business activities.
- 江戸時代中期まで使われていた宣明暦では12月13日の二十七宿は必ず「鬼」になっており、鬼の日は婚礼以外は全てのことに吉とされているので、正月の年神様を迎えるのに良いとして、この日が選ばれた。
- According to the Senmyoreki lunisolar calendar used until the middle of the Edo period, the 13th of December was always a 'day of the ghost' in the 27 mansions or divisions of Chinese astrology and this day was auspicious for everything except weddings, so it was chosen as a good day to welcome the god of the New Year called Toshigama-sama.
- グレートブリテン王国では、1752年1月1日まで採用されていた(スコットランドを除く、スコットランドは1600年1月1日に、割礼祭様式の暦(1 January を正月とする)を用いていた)。
- In the Kingdom of Great Britain, the above calendar was used until January 1st, 1752 (except Scotland, which employed a Circumcision-style calendar on January 1st, 1600 which had its new year on January 1st).
- 初めは主に子どもが小さな松明を、その後は青年など大人が比較的大きな松明を持って「サイレイヤ、サイリョウ」(祭礼や、祭礼の意)のかけ声と共に集落内を練り歩き、「仲間」と呼ばれる御旅所へ向かう。
- At first mainly children carrying small pine torches, and then grown-ups holding rather huge pine torches parade in the village with shouts, 'sairei ya, sairyo' (meaning festival), and head for otabisho (the resting place for a portable shrine being moved about on its feast day) called 'nakama.'
- 朕惟フニ我カ皇祖皇宗惟神ノ大道ニ遵ヒ天業ヲ経綸シ万世不易ノ丕基ヲ肇メ一系無窮ノ永祚ヲ伝ヘ以テ朕カ躬ニ逮ヘリ朕祖宗ノ威霊ニ頼リ敬ミテ大統ヲ承ケ恭シク神器ヲ奉シ茲ニ即位ノ礼ヲ行ヒ昭ニ爾有衆ニ誥ク
- 朕惟フニ我カ皇祖皇宗惟神ノ大道ニ遵ヒ天業ヲ経綸シ万世不易ノ丕基ヲ肇メ一系無窮ノ永祚ヲ伝ヘ以テ朕カ躬ニ逮ヘリ朕祖宗ノ威霊ニ頼リ敬ミテ大統ヲ承ケ恭シク神器ヲ奉シ茲ニ即位ノ礼ヲ行ヒ昭ニ爾有衆ニ誥ク
- 祭礼などの場に地元の酒が四斗樽で運ばれて皆で自由に飲むか、比較的に裕福な階層が自前の徳利などを携えて酒屋へ行き、酒屋は店頭に並べた菰(こも)かぶりの酒樽から枡で量り売りをするのが通例であった。
- People usually drank local sake freely in the situations like festivals from yontodaru (a barrel of about 72 liters), or comparatively rich people went to sake shops with their own sake bottles and bought sake by masu (measure) from a sake cask wrapped in a rush mat.
- また、高野山金剛峯寺の奥の院、比叡山延暦寺の根本中堂、奈良の東大寺の二月堂、大阪の四天王寺を番外霊場に含んでいる場合もあり、お礼参りは善光寺を含め5か所の中から一つを選べばよいとする説もある。
- The Saigoku Sanjusankasho Junrei may include, as additional holy places, the Oku no In (innermost sanctuary) at the Kongobu-ji Temple in Koyasan, the Konpon Chudo (main hall) at the Enryaku-ji Temple in the Mt. Hiei, the Nigatsu-do (literally February hall) at the Todai-ji Temple in Nara, and/or the Shitenno-ji Temple in Osaka, and, accordingly, some believe that pilgrims can select one temple for the orei-mairi from the five temples of these four additional places and the Zenko-ji Temple.
- 一説によれば、在富の嫡男である勘解由小路在昌がキリスト教の洗礼を受けた事を知った在富がこれを廃嫡し、続いて甥の在種を養子とするが、後に在富自身がこれを暗殺して自ら家名を絶ったとも言われている。
- According to one theory, Aritomi disinherited Arimasa KADENOKOJI who was his heir as he knew that Arimasa had been christened as Christian; he then adopted Aritane, who was his nephew, but later assassinated him, and personally terminated the family name.
- もっとも、この時代には飾り物としての古の形式と、一生の災厄をこの人形に身代りさせるという祭礼的意味合いが強くなり、武家子女など身分の高い女性の嫁入り道具の家財のひとつに数えられるようにもなった。
- During this period, however, Hina-matsuri increasingly had a ritualistic aspect of having the dolls suffer all the present and future misfortunes in place of people in addition to the traditional aspect of a display, and the Hina-matsuri doll set was considered to be one of the bride's household articles for high-ranking females such as the daughters of samurai families.
- そのシャーマニズムから祖先崇拝の要素を取り出して礼教化し、仁愛の理念をもって、当時、身分制秩序崩壊の社会混乱によって解体していた古代社会の道徳的・宗教的再編を試みたのが孔子であると主張している。
- She claimed that Koshi attempted to morally and religiously reorganize the ancient society, which was falling apart due to social disorder caused by collapse of public order based on the system of social status, by extracting the ancestor worship factor from shamanism and organizing it as Rei-kyo, and by embracing a philosophy of sympathy.
- 応神天皇の皇子で、母は和珥氏祖の日触使主(ひふれのおみ、比布礼能意富美)の女 ・宮主宅媛(みやぬしやかひめ、宮主矢河枝比売)である(ただし『先代旧事本紀』には、物部多遅麻連の女・山無媛とする)。
- Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko was Imperial prince of the Emperor Ojin, and his mother was Miyanushi Yakahimi [(宮主宅媛), also known as Miyanushi Yagahaehime (宮主矢河枝比売)], a daughter of Hifure no Ohomi [(日触使主); his name was also written in this way '比布礼能意富美') in being an ancestor of the Wani Uji Clan.] [However, according to the 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History), the mother of Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko appeared as Yamanashi Hime (山無媛), a daughter of 'Mononobe no Tajima no Muraji' (物部多遅麻連).].
- 平安時代初期には三礼学派・三伝学派という流れが成立して両者の間で論争が行われたが、平安時代中期以降は明経道そのものが儒教の専門家養成コースのような性格を持つようになって学術論争が沈滞していった。
- During the early Heian period, Myogyodo separated into the two schools called 'Sanraigaku' and 'Sandengaku' and debates took place between them; the arguments stagnated after the middle of the Heian period, however, once Myogyodo itself came to have the characteristics of a training course for becoming a professional on Confucianism.
- 1577年(天正5年)水野監物が織田信長に鯨肉を贈った、その返礼が信長よりなされており「鯨一折到 来候細々懇 情別而悦入候 猶参上之時 可申候也 正月十六日信長」という内容の感状が書かれている。
- In 1577, Kenmotsu MIZUNO presented whale meat to Nobunaga ODA, and for this, Nobunaga ODA returned a message including the following description, thanking Mizuno for the present: 'I received a pack of whale meat. I am delighted with your kindness. We'll talk more when you visit me. By Nobunaga ODA, on February 13, 1577.'
- また家元は原則として表千家許状(ゆるしじょう・おゆるし)の発行権を独占しており、中間の師匠は自分より上位の師匠、さらに家元へと許状の発行申請を取次ぎ、御礼(申請のための費用)も上納する義務がある。
- Additionally, the iemoto has an exclusive right to issue the Omote-senke yurushijo (permit) in principle and each instructor is under obligation to submit an application as well as a fee (to cover the processing cost for the application) for a permit for their disciple to their senior instructors as well as the iemoto.
- 舞妓のようにジーンズの着用禁止や髪結いの徹底、出入り店舗(コンビニやバーなど若者が好みそうな店への出入り禁止)の制限などを設け若手の伝統や礼儀に対する意識改革をすべきと各方面から声が上がっている。
- There have been voices from various sectors suggesting that some awareness-raising measures towards tradition and manners for the young geisha by putting restrictions such as prohibiting jeans, enforcement of proper hairdressing, qualifying stores and other establishments that they are allowed to visit (forbidding them to go to some shops including convenience stores and bars where young people are likely to frequent).
- 開放的な空間を、住む人の日常生活の都合や、季節の変化や年中行事の儀礼や接客饗宴などに応じて、几帳や屏風や障子などによって内部を仕切り、帳台や畳その他の調度を置いて、その都度適切な空間演出を行った。
- This inside open space was divided with kicho, folding screens and shoji according to daily needs of residents, ceremonies of annual events and banquets, and staged the space adequately by placing chodai, tatami and other furniture for every occasion.
- 旧皇室典範では「即位ノ礼及大嘗祭ハ京都ニ於テ之ヲ行フ」とあり、また天皇の所在を示す高御座が京都御所に安置されていることから、天皇の東京行幸以降も京都は依然として都で、特別な機能を有する都市である。
- The city of Kyoto maintains a special function as a result of the Former Imperial House Act which stipulated that 'the Sokui no rei (enthronement ceremony) and Daijosai (first ceremonial offering of rice by newly-enthroned Emperor) be held in Kyoto' and the fact that the Takamikura (imperial throne) is housed at the Kyoto Imperial Palace, which mean that Kyoto remains a capital even after the emperor has departed for Tokyo.
- 近世ノ作法、仏の懸記ニタガハズコソ、仏ノ弟子ナヲ仏意ニ背ク、マシテ在家俗士堂塔ヲ建立スル、多ハ名聞ノ為メ、若ハ家ノカザリトス、或ハ是レニヨリテ利ヲエ、或ハ酒宴ノ座席、詩歌ノ会所トシテ、無礼ノ事多シ
- The modern customs are shameful to the Buddhist record written about the future, and the students of Buddhism turned away from the will of the Buddha as the samurai of existing families built a tower, young men decorated their houses in order to have his name heard many times, gained profits from it, sat at drinking parties, or made it into kaisho where poetry is read, and held many rude activities.
- 「(西洋諸国において)聘門往来などの盛儀大典あるときは、各国たがいに(国歌の)楽譜を謳奏し、以てその特立自立国たるの隆栄を表認し、その君主の威厳を発揮するの礼款において欠くべからざるの典となせり」
- 'In the case of grand ceremonies held when official diplomats visit (in the Occidental countries), every country plays the musical score (of their national anthem) as an indispensable sign to represent prosperity as an independent country and show the dignity of the sovereign ruler.'
- 朝廷や幕府財政の悪化が深刻になると、段銭・半済などの課役免除や禁制制札の発給、関所の新設廃止、座などの商業上の特権付与、訴訟に対する支持など様々な権利を求める人々に対して礼銭を求めるようになった。
- When the financial conditions of the Imperial Court and the bakufu greatly worsened, to present the reisen was required for those who asked for various kinds of privileged rights such as: tax exemption including the tansen (a kind of provisional tax in medieval Japan) and the hanzei (tax system in which the Muromachi bakufu allowed Shugo, or military governors, to collect half of the taxes from manors and demesnes as military fund); issuance of the kinsei seisatsu (notice of banning orders on a street bulletin board); ban on the construction or abolition of a sekisho (checking station); granting of commercial privileges such as the za (privileged guild); or support for a lawsuit.
- 蹲う(つくばう)には平伏・平身低頭する意味、踞む(こごむ)は屈み込んだ状態を指し、腰をかけたり中腰の状態の踞ぐ(しりうたぐ)を指すことから転じて貴人が通行する際にしゃがんだ状態で礼をするさまを言う。
- 蹲う (Tsukubau) means bowing to the ground and 踞む (Kogomu) means bending down, sitting down or crouching, and therefore the combination of these two characters can represent the posture of bowing politely with one's body bended down that is taken to show respect toward any person of high rank passing by.
- 「儀式」のモデルになったのは、唐における礼制の集大成である礼書であったと考えられているが、日本の「儀式」は律令格式と重複する部分を削り、法令で定めるのには不適切な純粋な礼儀作法の記述に特化している。
- It was considered that 'Gishiki' modeled after the Book of Etiquette and Decorum, a compilation of decorum in Tang -- Japanese 'Gishiki' was specialized exclusively in rules and customs inappropriate to be specified in law by omitting the parts that overlapped with ritsuryo kyakushiki (Laws and regulations).
- 家紋を入れることで訪問着などと同様に礼装として着ることもでき、家紋がなければ普段着として着ることができるうえ、黒の帯をすることで略式の喪服とすることも可能であるというTPOを選ばない便利な着物である。
- By adding a family crest, it may also be worn as a formal dress like homongi (semi-formal kimono for women) and the like, and without family crest it can be worn as a casual dress, and furthermore if a black obi (kimono sash) is worn, it can be used as an informal mourning dress; as such, iromuji is a useful kimono that can be worn at any time, place, or opportunity.
- 飛鳥時代末期には文武天皇により『大射禄法』が定められた辺りを皮切りに、朝廷の間で次第に弓射に関する礼射、礼法が整理され、また同時に技術も体系化、単なる射術から『弓術』として成立していったものと思われる。
- At the end of the Asuka Period, since the establishment of 'Taisha-rokuho' by Emperor Monmu, Reisha and rules of decorum for Yumiire began to be gradually organized and the technique was also systematized and established as 'Kyujutsu' at the same time, based on the simple technique of shooting.
- 儒(じゅ)の起源については胡適が論文「説儒」(1924年)で「殷の遺民で礼を教える士」として以来、様々な説がなされてきたが、近年は冠婚葬祭、特に葬儀を専門とした集団であったとするのが一般化してきている。
- There have been various theories on the origin of Ju since Koseki (Hu Shih) wrote in his research paper 'The Explanation of Thought of Confucianists' (1924), that they were 'men of the people remaining from Yin who taught courtesy,' but in recent years, it has generally been believed that they were a group who specialized in ceremonial occasions, especially, funeral ceremonies.
- 三条の意見により還幸の日が延びていたが、先帝(孝明天皇)の三年祭と立后の礼を行なう必要があるという岩倉の意見もあり、明治元年(1868年)12月8日、天皇はひとまず京都に還幸し同年12月22日に到着した。
- The day for the emperor to return home was delayed due to Sanjo's opinion, but Iwakura believed that it was necessary to hold the third anniversary of the late emperor Komei and a ceremony to define the empress, and the emperor left for Kyoto on December 8, arriving on December 22, 1868.
- それを受けた片岡千恵蔵は4月にマキノを退社、5月に「片岡千恵蔵プロダクション」(千恵プロ)を設立、同時期にマキノを退社した嵐寛寿郎、中根龍太郎、市川小文治、山本礼三郎らもそれぞれプロダクションを設立する。
- In conjunction with this establishment, Chiezo KATAOKA left Makino in April and established 'Kataoka Chiezo Productions' (Chie Pro) in May, while Kanjuro ARASHI, Ryutaro NAKANE, Kobunji ICHIKAWA and Reizaburo YAMAMOTO, who left Makino at the same time also established their own productions.
- 江戸時代初期、正座の広まった要因としては、江戸幕府が小笠原流礼法を採用した際に参勤交代の制定より、全国から集められた大名達が全員将軍に向かって正座をする事が決められ、それが各大名の領土へと広まった事が一つ。
- One factor why sitting in the seiza style became popular in the early Edo period was that when the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) adopted the Ogasawara school of etiquette, the Daimyo (feudal lords) were required to use seiza style when they all gathered to meet the Shogun under the Sankinkotai system, which required them to spend every other year in Edo, and the custom then spread to their domains.
- 夜の山中の祠を舞台に、奇抜な扮装と化粧を施した怪人物たちが、山賊実は平将門、巡礼実は藤原純友などといった役で登場し、神楽などのゆっくりとした伴奏に乗せて、大きな動きで宝物を巡って無言で争う様式が普通である。
- The performance is usually played in the following way: In a night scene at a hokora (a small shrine) on a mountain, suspicious people in a bizarre costumes and makeup appea on stage as bandits (for example, TAIRA no Masakado), or as pilgrims (for example, FUJIWARA no Sumitomo), and fight each other silently for a treasure in exagerrated movements, accompanied by the slow rhythm of Kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine).
- 民間の祭礼にも同じようなものが登場し、形態は祭壇のようなものあるが、山との関連と運行形態から引く形式のものは曳き山、担ぐ形式のものは舁き山などと呼ばれ、また「だし」とも呼ばれるが、その漢字には山車が使われた。
- Since then, many similar Yama have appeared in private festivals, with various types including an altar-like one, but mostly Yama-related mobile floats such as Hikiyama (pulling type), Kakiyama (shouldering type) and others, all of which are collectively called Dashi and two kanjis of Yama (mountain) plus Kuruma (vehicle) are used.
- 堺で会合衆の名が初見されるのは季弘大叔の『蔗軒日録』で、1484年(文明16年)8月1日に三村社(開口神社)の祭礼で頭を務めたのが「会合衆内、カスエ(材木商・三宅主計)、イスミ(和泉)屋両人」と記されている。
- The name of Egoshu first appears in Sakai City, in the 'Shaken nichiroku,' a diary written by a Zen priest, Daishuku KIKO. It records that on August 1 in 1484, both the Kasueya (timber merchant, Kazue MIYAKE) and the Isumiya (Izumiya) from among the Egoshu members led the festival at Mimura-sha Shrine (Aguchi-jinja Shrine).
- それは、安元3年(1177年)の鹿ケ谷の陰謀で成親が逮捕された時、大衆が清盛に「敵を討っていただいたことは喜ばしい」とわざわざ使者を送って礼を述べていることからも明らかといえる(『玉葉』安元3年6月3日条)。
- That was obvious as the daishu bothered to send an envoy to show gratitude, 'It is gratifying that the enemy was caught' when Narichika was arrested at the Shishigatani plot in 1177 ('Gyokuyo' article of June 3, 1177).
- さらに『易経』には経を占いの書として扱った『周易本義』、『詩経』には必ずしも礼教的解釈によらず人の自然な感情に基づく解釈をした『詩集伝』、「礼経」には『儀礼』を経とし『礼記』を伝とした『儀礼経伝通解』を著した。
- Furthermore, for 'I Ching,' he wrote 'Shueki-Hongi' (the real meaning of Zhouyi), which treated the classics as books on fortune-telling, and for 'Shikyo,' 'Shishu-den' (Annotation of Shi Jing, which interpreted it based on natural human emotions, and not necessarily based on Rei-kyo, and for 'Classic of Li' (Classic of Rites), 'Comprehensive Explanation of Classic of Yili and Annotation of Classic of Li,' which treated 'Girai (Yili)' as a classic and 'Classic of Rites' as tradition.
- 作曲家は流行歌から転身した古賀政男にくわえ、吉田正、猪俣公章、船村徹、市川昭介、流しから転身した遠藤実、ロカビリーから転身した平尾昌晃が登場、作詞家ではなかにし礼、星野哲郎、岩谷時子、山口洋子、川内康範らが登場。
- Composers, such as Masao KOGA who switched from hit songs, Tadashi YOSHIDA, Kosho INOMATA, Toru FUNAMURA, Shosuke ICHIKAWA, Minoru ENDO who had been a strolling singer, and Masaaki HIRAO converting from rockabilly, and lyricists, such as Rei NAKANISHI, Tetsuro HOSHINO, Tokiko IWATANI, Yoko YAMAGUCHI, and Kohan KAWAUCHI, also appeared.
- 更に応仁の乱以後になると、地方にあった公家や奉行衆の所領が戦国大名や国人達の押領を受けて収入が途絶え、礼銭収入無しでは日常生活も送れないほどの経済的苦境にも陥っていたため、禁令を出すこと自体が困難となってしまった。
- Since the Onin War, furthermore, Court nobles and the bugyoshu, whose shoryo in rural area were usurped by Daimyo in the Sengoku period and the kokujin (local samurai), lost their income and were too poor to sustain their lives without the income of the reisen, making it difficult to even issue a ban on the reisen.
- あいさつ:いただきます、ごちそうさま(でした)、ただいま、おかえり(なさい)、いってらっしゃい、いってきます、失礼します(した)、お邪魔します(した)など、他の文化圏にはない微妙なニュアンスをともなう言語概念が多い。
- Greeting: The Japanese language has many linguistic concepts along with delicate nuances which are nonexistent in other cultural areas such as itadakimasu (expression of gratitude before meals), gochisosama (deshita) (phrase used after one has been treated (especially after meals), tadaima (I'm home!), okaeri (nasai) (welcome home), itterasshai (have a good day), ittekimasu (I'm going now), shitsureishimasu (shita) (excuse me), ojamashimasu (shita) (excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you), etc.
- それを受けた片岡千恵蔵は4月にマキノを退社、5月に「片岡千恵蔵プロダクション」(千恵プロ)を設立、同時期にマキノを退社した嵐寛寿郎、山口俊雄 (映画俳優)、市川小文治、山本礼三郎らもそれぞれプロダクションを設立する。
- Influenced by these announcements, Chiezo KATAOKA, who left Makino Productions in April and found 'Kataoka Chiezo Productions' (commonly known as Chie Productions) in May, as well as other members who resigned from Makino Productions around the same time such as Kanjuro ARASHI, Toshio YAMAGUCHI (the film actor), Kobunji ICHIKAWA and Reizaburo YAMAMOTO established their own productions as well.
- 1891年(明治24年)には小学校祝日大祭儀式規程(明治24年6月17日文部省令第4号)が定められ、天皇皇后の御真影(写真)に対する最敬礼と万歳奉祝、校長による教育勅語の奉読などからなる儀式を小学校で行うことになった。
- In 1891 Regulations for Elementary School Ceremonies on Festivals and Holidays were issued (Order of the Ministry of Education no. 4, June 17, 1891) and thus ceremonies at elementary schools were held with acts like making a deep bow in front of a portrait (picture) of the Emperor and the Empress, shouting 'banzai' to wish for their long life and a reading of the Imperial Rescript on Education in a respectful manner by the principal.
- 立礼式は明治5年(1872年)の博覧会に際して外国人を迎えるための創案であり、また同じ年に『茶道の源意』を著して茶道は遊芸とする風潮を批判するなど、幕末から明治の変動の時代に合わせた茶道の近代化の先駆として評価されている。
- He is appraised as a pioneer for modernizing the tea ceremony in step with a changing world from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period, being credited for his innovative ryureishiki style tea ceremony which was specially arranged to welcome foreign visitors to the exhibition held in 1872, and also for his criticism against the general trend to consider tea ceremony as art for amusement, as written in his book 'Sado no Gen-i (literally, Root Meaning of the Tea Ceremony.)'
- その江戸幕府においても高家が大名に礼儀作法を伝授する際に受け取る「束脩」などは一種の幕府公認の礼銭であり、かの『忠臣蔵』の最初の場面である浅野長矩と吉良義央の遣り取りも実は「束脩」の性質を巡るトラブルと考える事も可能である。
- In the Edo bakufu, however, the 'sokushu' (initiation fees) that Koke (government position in charge of rituals and ceremonies) received from Daimyo when teaching manners can be considered to be a type of reisen officially recognized by the bakufu; in fact, it is possible to assume that the fight between Naganori ASANO and Yoshihisa KIRA in the first scene of the 'Chusingura' (The treasury of Loyal Retainers) was over the nature of the 'sokushu.'
- 武家故実の中でも弓馬や軍陣における実践的な故実と幕府や主君の前における儀礼や作法などの故実が存在したが、戦法の変化によって前者は形式的なものになったのに対して、後者は公家故実とも融合して、室町時代に小笠原流や伊勢流が生まれた。
- Within buke-kojitsu, there was practical kojitsu on kyuba (archery and horsemanship) and battle as well as kojitsu on ceremonies and manners for when in front of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) or one's lord, and while the former became perfunctory due to changes in military tactics, the latter blended with kuge kojitsu and spawned the Ogasawara school and Ise school.
- しかし一方で、日常では許されないような秩序や常識を超えた行為(ふんどし一丁、男性の女装等)も、「この祭礼の期間にだけは」伝統的に許されると認識する地方が多く、そのため賑やかな場面を指して「お祭り騒ぎ」などの言葉が派生している。
- On the other hand, order disallowed in the daily life and acts beyond the bounds of common sense (naked except for one's loincloth, dressing as a woman by men and so on) are recognized to be allowed traditionally 'only during the matsuri' in many provinces, and therefore, the term 'omatsuri sawagi' referring to a joyous scene was derived.
- ふすま障子の当初の形態は、板戸に絹布を張り唐絵や大和絵を描いたものであったと考えられるが、建具の軽量化という技術課題のなかで、框に組子を設け両面に綾絹を張り、軽量化と室礼としての装飾の目的を達する襖建具が誕生したと考えられる。
- The first form of Fusuma Shoji can be thought as a wooden panel pasted silk cloth with and drawn Chinese paintings or Yamato-e, and later because of pursuing lightweight doors it was changed to the new form with setting kumiko (strips of the wooden lattice positioned vertically and horizontally to make latticework used in gable pediments or sliding screens) on Kamachi and pasting figured silk on both sides for lightweight and decoration of Shitsurai.
- 『京鹿子娘道成寺』の白拍子花子、『本朝廿四孝・十種香』の濡衣・八重垣姫、『一條大蔵譚』の常盤御前、『鎌倉三代記・絹川村閑居』の時姫、『祇園祭礼信仰記・金閣寺』の雪姫、『刺青奇遇』のお仲、『一本刀土俵入』のお蔦などが評価が高い。
- He is highly rated in the plays of Shirabyoshi dancer, Hanako in 'Kyoganoko Musume Dojoji' (Maiden at Dojo-ji Temple), Nureginu and Princess Yaegaki in 'Jusshuko, Honcho Nijushi Ko' (Incense Burning, from 24 Episodes of Great Children in the Country), Tokiwa Gozen in 'Ichijo Okura Monogatari' (The Mad Aristocrat), Princess Toki in 'Kamakura Sandaiki, Kinugawa-mura Kankyo' (Living in seclusion in Kinugawa Village, Three Generations of the Kamakura Shogunate), Princess Yuki of 'Gion Sairei Shinkoki' (Kinkaku-ji Temple, The Gion Festival Chronicle of Faith), Onaka in 'Irezumi Chohan' (Tattooed Hantaro) and Otsuta in 'Ippongatana Dohyoiri' (Into the Sumo Ring with a Sword).
- 儀礼折り紙は武家の礼法に含まれるもので、1764年に伊勢貞丈が著した『包之記』に「右の折形どもは、京都将軍の御代に用いられし折形也」という記述があるから、足利義満の時代、小笠原氏・伊勢氏・今川氏を中心に整えられたと考えられる。
- The girei origami is a part of a warrior family's manners and it would appear that it was developed mainly by the Ogasawara clan, the Ise clan and the Imagawa clan in the days of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA because 'Tsutsumi no ki (record on wrapping)' written by Sadatake ISE in 1764 said that 'the folded paper models on the right were used during the time of the Kyoto shogun.'
- 元日の午前5時30分に、今上天皇が黄櫨染御袍と呼ばれる束帯をお召しになり、皇居の宮中三殿の西側にある神嘉殿の南の庭に設けられた建物の中に入り、伊勢神宮の皇大神宮・豊受大神宮の二宮に向かって拝礼した後、続いて四方の諸神を拝する。
- On January 1, at about 5:30 in the morning, the Emperor, wearing a traditional formal court dress called Korozen no go-ho, would enter a building constructed in the southern garden of Shinka-den, which is located west of the Three Shrines in the Imperial Court, whereupon he would bow toward the direction of two shrines--Ko-tai jingu Shrine and Toyouke Dai-jingu Shrine of Ise-jingu Shrine--and pray to spirits in various directions.
- 当せんした者は褒美金全部を入手したのではなく、突留1000両を得たものはその100両を修理料として興行主に贈り、100両を札屋に礼として与え、その他諸費と称して4、50両取られたから、実際に得るところはおよそ700余両であった。
- Winners didn't receive all of the prize money, if a winner got tsukitome 1000 ryo, he gave 100 ryo to the distributer as a repair fee and 100 ryo to ticket seller and also was taken 40 – 50 ryo as miscellaneous expense, so the rest was about 700 ryo.
- 太政官符・太政官牒の発給には直接の担当者ではない少納言や外記が関与したり、天皇の御璽の請印などが必要とされたために、手続が煩雑でしかも間に儀礼的な文書授受や請印を求めるための儀礼が加わるなど、緊急時には対応が出来ないものであった。
- The daijokanpu or dajokancho was not fit for emergencies because shonagon and geki, who were not directly in charge of their issuance, were implicated, because the imperial stamp was needed for their issuance and because the procedures were complicated and often necessitated ceremonious events: exchange of documents, stamping etc.
- こうして、祭礼のとき以外に、結婚式、葬式などはもちろん、血税の無駄遣いであったオリンピックの誘致活動、なかにはプロのボウリング・トーナメントの開会式などで演奏されることもあり、さらにはゲリラ・ライブを敢行する保存会や講・連もある。
- So, the danjiri-bayashi has been played at a promotion for the Olympics, which was wasteful spending of taxpayer's money, and the opening ceremony of a professional bowling tournament as well as weddings and funerals; moreover, there are some preservation societies and forums called Ko and Ren that carry out guerrilla concerts.
- 八幡伝統的建造物群保存地区(はちまんでんとうてきけんぞうぶつぐんほぞんちく)は、滋賀県近江八幡市旧市街地にある伝統的建造物群保存地区の名称で、八幡堀、日牟礼八幡宮境内地、新町通り、永原町通りを中心とする広さ13.1haの地区のこと。
- Omi Hachiman City Preservation District for Groups of Historic Hachiman Buildings is a name of a preservation district for groups of historic buildings located in the old urban area of Omihachiman City, Shiga Prefecture and it is a district with the area of 13.1 ha approx. centering on Hachiman-bori canal, precincts of Himure Hachimangu Shrine, Shinmachi-dori Street and Nagaharacho-dori Street.
- 当初は宮中儀礼において必要に応じて定められた地位であったが、後に皇女の優遇のために置かれるようになり、天皇と配偶関係にない皇女が准母・皇后として冊立された例も多い(これを准母立后と称し、このように后となった内親王を尊称皇后とも呼ぶ)。
- At first junbo was the status which was named accordingly in court ceremony, later it was put to give good treatment to imperial princesses, and there were many examples that imperial princesses who were not married to the emperor were named as a junbo and empress (it is called junbo-rikko [investiture of junbo and empress], and an imperial princess who became an empress in this way is also called a Sonsho kogo [honorific empress who is not a wife of the emperor]).
- 漢語の経典や声明(しょうみょう)と異なり和歌の賛仏歌として「御詠歌」が多くの宗派・寺院で採用されているが、この「御詠歌」の起源は花山法皇が西国三十三箇所の各札所で詠まれた御製の和歌を後世の巡礼者が節をつけて巡礼歌として歌ったものである。
- Unlike sutras and chants in Sino-Japanese words, the 'goeika,' songs consisting of waka poems to praise Buddha, has been widely adopted among many temples and schools of Buddhism; in fact, the origin of the goeika goes back to the pilgrimage songs sung by pilgrims who set to music the poems Cloistered Emperor Kazan had written at each fudasho temple of the Saigoku Sanjusankasho pilgrimage.
- こうした自治の場で町鳶は冠婚葬祭の互助活動などや消火(町火消)、祭礼(山車・神輿の作成)、橋、井戸の屋根、つるべや上水道の枡、木管や下水道のどぶ板といった町内インフラストラクチャーの作成、保守などを、町大工(大工)と協力して担ってきた。
- In these autonomous places, machitobi was engaged in mutual activities for ceremonial occasions, fire activities (as machihikeshi or fire brigade), rites and festivals (construction of dashi [floats] and mikoshi [portable shrines]), construction and maintenance of town infrastructure including bridges; well roofs; well sweeps and water supply manholes; and wooden pipes and ditch covers, working together with machidaiku (carpenters).
- 「ハレとケ」という概念関係の捉え方は、柳田國男が近代化による民俗の変容を指摘する一つの論拠として、ハレとケの区別の曖昧化が進行していること(例えば、ハレの儀礼時にのみ行っていた特別な飲食が日常的に行われる、など)を提示したのが始まりである。
- Interpretation of the conceptual connection of 'hare and ke' began when Kunio YANAGIDA posed that the distinction between hare and ke was progressing towards ambiguity (for example, special food and drinks that were served only at hare rituals are consumed in ordinary settings), which he used as a rationale for pointing out that folklore was transforming because of modernization.
- しかも三井高泰の長男高篤(元三井物産取締役)は、三井総領家である北家十代の三井八郎右衛門(高棟)の妹礼子を妻にしているので、住友家と三井家の閨閥のつながりは、単に一族と一族との結合ではなく、本家と総領家が直接に結びついた本格的なものである。
- Moreover, since Takayasu MITSUI's eldest son Takaatsu (the torishimariyaku of Mitsui & Co., Ltd.) married Reiko, who was younger sister of Hachiroemon MITSUI, the tenth-generation Hokke, being the Mitsui Soryo-ke family and heir, the Keibatsu, Keibatsu blood connection between the Sumitomo and Mitsui families is not only a simple bond between one family and another family but is also a genuine connection directly connecting the Honke and Soryo-ke families and heirs.
- また『詩経』『書経』『儀礼』『楽経』『易経』『春秋』といった周の書物を六経として儒家の経典とし、その儒家的な解釈学の立場から『礼記』や『易伝』『春秋左氏伝』『春秋公羊伝』『春秋穀梁伝』といった注釈書や論文集である伝が整理された(完成は漢代)。
- Additionally, the Rikkei (six documents) books from Zhou, 'Shikyo' (Chinese Poetry book), 'Shujing' (Book of History), 'Girai' (Yili), 'Gakkei,' 'I Ching' (The Book of Changes), and 'Shunju' (Spring and Autumn Annals) were specified as Ju-kyo scriptures, and from their Ju-ka-style interpretation learning perspective, 'Classic of Rites' and den, or commentaries and collected papers, such as 'Ekiden,' 'Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan' (Master Zuo's Commentary to the Spring and Autumns), 'Shunju Kuyo-den' (Annotation of Gongyang on Spring and Autumn Annals), and 'Shunju Kokuryo-den' (Annotation of Guliang on Spring and Autumn Annals) were organized.
- 俳優部にいた井上金太郎と内田吐夢、二川文太郎、渡辺篤 (俳優)、江川宇礼雄、岡田時彦、鈴木すみ子は、「浅草オペラ」の劇団を渡り歩き「根岸大歌劇団」を飛び出て大活で俳優・監督となった獏与太平(のちの古海卓二)とその妻紅沢葉子に率いられて京都入った。
- Kintaro INOUE and Tomu UCHIDA, Buntaro FUTAGAWA, Atsushi WATANABE (actor), Ureo EGAWA, Tokihiko OKADA, and Sumiko SUZUKI who belonged to the actors division entered Kyoto lead by Yotahei BAKU (later known as Takuji FURUMI), who wandered various theatrical companies of 'Asakusa Opera', quit 'Negishi Dai-Kagekidan' (Negishi great opera company) and became actor and director at Daikatsu, and his wife Yoko BENISAWA.
- 践祚にかかる儀式を『践祚の儀』といい、先帝崩御後直ちに行われる『剣璽』及び新帝が即位後初めて三権の長(内閣総理大臣、衆議院議長、参議院議長、最高裁判所長官)を引見される『即位後朝見の儀』は共に国事行為とされ、先帝の諒闇が明けて行われる即位の礼と続く。
- A series of ceremonies related to Senso are called 'Senso-no-gi (ceremonies to become a new emperor)' which are regarded as a part of the emperor's constitutional functions, being composed of the first ceremony named Kenji (ceremony for imperial succession) to be executed immediately after the demise of the previous emperor, and the second ceremony named Sokuigo Choken-no-gi (ceremony to have an audience with the emperor after enthronement) for the Sanken-no-cho (chiefs of three organizations of power, namely the prime minister, the chairmen of House of Representatives and the House of Councillors, and the Chief Justice,) and being followed by the next ceremony named Sokui-no-rei (ceremony of the enthronement) which is to be held after the end of ryoan (period to mourn for the passing of emperor.)
- 糾法とは弓と馬を意味し、七代目の小笠原貞宗は南北朝時代 (日本)に後醍醐天皇に仕え「弓馬の妙蘊に達し、かつ礼法を新定して、武家の定式とするなり」という御手判を賜り、このとき「弓・馬・礼」の三法をもって小笠原流とする武家作法としてのその位置づけが確立。
- 'Kyuho' was defined as archery and horsemanship, and the 7th head of the clan, Sadamune OGASAWARA, who served Emperor Godaigo during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, was asked by the Emperor 'to improve archery and horsemanship skills and to set new standards for manners, which samurai families should follow'; it was at this time that the Ogasawara school's three arts of 'archery, horsemanship and courtesy' were established as samurai manners.
- 第一番から第三十三番までの巡礼道は約1000kmであり四国八十八箇所の遍路道約1400kmと比較すれば短いが、京都市内をのぞいて札所間の距離が長いため、現在では全行程を歩き巡礼する人はとても少なく、自家用車や公共交通機関を利用する人がほとんどである。
- The total distance of the junrei-do (pilgrimage route) from the first fudasho temple to the thirty-third one is approximately 1000 kilometers, which is shorter than the henro michi (pilgrimage route) of the Shikoku Hachijuhakkasho (Eighty-eight Holy Places in the Shikoku region); because the distance between two fudasho temples of the Saigoku Sanjusankasho are long except in Kyoto City, however, a few people nowadays walk the entire pilgrimage route and instead most use their own cars or public transportation.
- また、当道座の盲人たちによって伝承されてきたために法師唄とも呼ばれることもあった (検校など当道座の盲人は髪を剃りユニフォームが「検校服」と呼ばれる僧衣に近いもので、僧形であったため。ただし平曲以外の演奏は民間の礼服である紋付羽織袴が多かったらしい)。
- Furthermore, because it was passed down among the blind people of Todo-za it was also called hoshi uta (because the blind people of Todo-za, such as the kengyo, shaved their heads and wore uniforms called 'kengyo fuku' resembling the robes of Buddhist monks, and therefore they looked like Buddhist priests; but in performances other than Heikyoku it is considered that they often dressed in a combination of a haori and a hakama with a family crest, as the formal attire of ordinary citizens).
- 中国においては、『周礼』の司徒属人條にて周が「委積法」を行ったことに由来しているとされているが、記録の上で明白なのは、隋の開皇8年(585年)に度支尚書長孫平が定義したもので、諸侯から民衆まで一定額の粟・黍を納めさせて州県に設置された義倉に納められた。
- In China, Shito zokunin jo (司徒属人條, an article of Shito zokunin) in 'Rites of Zhou' talks about its origin that Zhou applied 'Ishi-ho' (委積法, literally, method of goods), and according the definition Sonhei CHO, Takushi shosho (account office) made in the Sui Dynasty (in 585), that was obvious on record, people from the domains to ordinary people were forced to provide a certain amount of foxtail and proso millet and those millets were stored in giso warehouses which were constructed in prefectures.
- 達陀の行法(だったんのぎょうほう)は、堂司以下8人の練行衆が兜のような「達陀帽」をかぶり異様な風体で道場を清めた後、燃えさかる大きな松明を持った「火天」が、洒水器を持った「水天」とともに須弥壇の周りを回り、跳ねながら松明を何度も礼堂に突き出す所作をする。
- In Dattan no gyoho, eight Rengyoshu under Dotsukasa wear Dattanbo like a kabuto (helmet) and look bizarre, and after they purify the dojo, 'Katen, Agni' with a big flaming Taimatsu torch and 'Suiten, Varuna' with a barrel of Shasui go around shumidan and jump up and down, sticking out the torch to the rai-do hall many times.
- しかし、宗教への関心の薄れなどから、大相撲のように「神事や祭礼としての祭りである」ことが忘れられたり、祭祀に伴う賑やかな行事の方のみについて「祭」と認識される場合もあり、元から祭祀と関係なく行われる賑やかな催事、イベントについて「祭」と呼ばれることもある。
- However, due to lessened interest in the religion, 'being a matsuri as a Shinto ritual or rite and festival' is sometimes forgotten like a grand sumo tournament, and only cheerful events associated with rites and festivals are sometimes recognized as 'matsuri,' and therefore, cheerful events which were originally held independently of rites and festivals were called 'matsuri' in some cases.
- 1414年には将軍足利義持が琉球王の献上物に対する返礼の書状を贈っており、1441年には足利義教が琉球を薩摩国の島津氏の属国とする事を認めており、さらに幕府には琉球奉行が設置されて貿易の統制を行おうとしており、室町時代には琉球が「日本」として認識されていた。
- In 1414, the Shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA responded to the tributary gifts sent to him from the Ryukyu Kingdom with an official letter, while in 1441, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA declared the Ryukyu islands to be a vassal state of the Shimazu clan, lords of Satsuma Province; furthermore, the bakufu created the office of Ryukyu Hoko (shogunal magistrate of the Ryukyus) in an attempt to exert control over Ryukyu trade, meaning that it was during the Muromachi period that the Ryukyus began to be seen as part of Japan.
- もっとも有名なものには、エレナが発見したとされる十字架の遺物、アルメニア王アブガルス3世に贈られ、エデッサからコンスタンティノポリスにもたらされたマンドリオン(手で描かれたのではない聖像)、コンスタンティノポリスの聖母マリアの衣、洗礼者ヨハネの首などがある。
- The most famous relics include relics of the cross discovered by Elena, the Mandylion (an icon not painted by human hand) brought to Constantinople from Edessa that was presented to the King of Armenia, Abgarus III, Virgin Mary's clothes in Constantinople, and John the Baptist's head.
- 通常は、各種の武芸である日本武術、江戸期の公家家職に由来する有職故実・礼式、そのほか能楽、歌舞伎、人形浄瑠璃などの芸能、邦楽、茶道、華道、香道、書道、盆庭などをはじめとして、伝統工芸的な手工業、古典園芸など、ひろく技術を伝承する分野においてこうした観念が見られる。
- This concept can normally be seen in the various Nihon bujutsu (Japanese martial arts) and the Yusoku kojitsu (traditional protocol of the imperial court and samurai families) or reishiki (etiquette) that are derived from the practices and manners observed by court nobles in the Edo period; it can also be seen in fields where skills are passed down from one generation to the next, ranging from performing arts such as Nohgaku, Kabuki, and Ningyo Joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater), Hogaku (traditional Japanese music), Sado (tea ceremony), Kado (flower arrangement), Kodo (traditional incense-smelling ceremony), Shodo (calligraphy), Bontei (tray garden) to traditional handicrafts and classic gardening.
- これは、日本古来の民族信仰の基盤の上に、自然風土の中で培われた年中行事や、祭礼などを通じて、多くの日本人が七五三や初詣、あるいは季節の祭りを神社で行い、江戸時代の寺請制度の影響で、葬式や盆などを仏教式で行うなど、複数の宗教にまたがって儀礼に参加しているためである。
- This is because many Japanese people engage in rituals of multiple religions, holding the seven-five-three festival and other seasonal festivals at shrines and visiting shrines at the beginning of the New Year based on annual events and rituals developed in the natural climate from ancient ethnic religions of Japan, and by the influence of the temple guarantee system in the Edo period, holding funerals and bon festivals (a festival of the dead or Buddhist all soul's day) with Buddhist rites.
- これにより東国の巡礼者が増え、この上方の観音巡礼が「西国三十三箇所」と言われるようになり、熊野詣から巡礼を始める人が多かったので第一番が紀伊国熊野の青岸渡寺に、東国への帰路に着きやすいということで第三十三番が美濃国の華厳寺という現在の巡礼順になったと考えられている。
- Consequently, the number of the pilgrims from the eastern provinces increased, and this Kannon pilgrimage in the Kamigata area (area centering around Kyoto) came to be called the 'Saigoku Sanjusankasho;' it is believed that the Seiganto-ji Temple in the Kumano area of Kii Province became the first temple because many people made the pilgrimage to the three grand shrines (including the Seiganto-ji Temple) of Kumano first, that the Kegon-ji Temple in Mino Province became the thirty-third temple because of the easy access to the eastern provinces when returning home, and that the current route of the pilgrimage was decided in this way.
- 例えば、伊勢神宮正殿において妻の部分の金具が特別視され、式年遷宮の際にそれを装着する儀礼が秘伝とされていたことや、流造の社殿を横にいくつも連結した社殿において、ひとつの社殿ごとに正面に千鳥破風(妻)が設けられて、ひとつひとつの社殿が分かるようにしていることからも分かる。
- The religious importance is evident, for instance, in the hardware parts of tsuma, or gabled pediment, which are specially treated, and mounting them during periodical occasions when moving shintai to a new shrine was carried out as a secret ceremony at the Shoden of Ise Jingu, and in nagare-zukuri pavillions jointed side by side in rows, each pavillion has chidori-hafu, a dormer bargeboard at the front side to differentiate the pavillions from each other.
- 周の礼制を規範とする儒教では周の封建制を重視するが、官僚となり中央集権政治を担うようになった儒者たちにとって大きな矛盾をはらみ、たびたび封建論あるいは郡県論として論議された(ここでいう封建制・郡県制は歴史学上の実際のものではなく儒教思想上の理念として語られたものである)。
- Confucianism, which follows the example of the Li system of Zhou, put importance on the Hoken system of Zhou, but for confucianists who began to take part in centralized politics, the hoken system was very contradictory and was often discussed in the form of essay on the Hoken or Gun Ken system.
- スペインとフランスの国境、ピレネー山中のルルドや、ローマ、エルサレムと並ぶ西方キリスト教(カトリック)の三大巡礼地の1つ北スペインのサンティアゴ・デ・コンポステーラ(ここへの巡礼の物語を時間と空間を越える神の存在への問いかけの物語にしたフランス映画で「銀河」がある)など。
- Lourdes in the Pyrenees on the border between Spain and France, the three holy places of western Christianity (Catholic), namely, Rome, Jerusalem and Santiago de Compostela ('La Voile Lactee' is a French movie that made a story out of a pilgrimage into a dialogue on the existence of God over time and space) were such locations.
- 室町幕府申次衆などを務め、征夷大将軍と諸権門との連絡役を務めることが多かった大舘氏当主が将軍・公卿以下の公家、門跡以下の僧侶、管領以下の守護大名、室町幕府の諸役人や諸大名の家臣などに出す場合の書札礼を差出対象ごとに分けた上で実際の書札を例に取りながら注記を加えたものである。
- In this book, the head of the Odachi clan, who served the Muromachi bakufu as moshitsugishu (a civil servant post of Muromachi bakufu) and played a role of corresponding secretary between seii taishogun (literally, a great general who subdues the barbarians) and influential families, listed actual shosatsurei together with his notes based on the categories of addressees, namely shogun, court nobles including top court officials, Buddhist priest including monzeki (priest-prince), shugo-daimyo (military governor) including kanrei (shogunal deputy), officials of Muromachi bakufu and vassals of daimyo.
- 呉王、金剛による登場の舞に続いて、霊鳥である迦楼羅が蛇を食べるテンポの速い舞、崑崙が呉女に卑猥な動作で言い寄り力士にこらしめられる演技、波羅門が褌をぬいで洗う所作、大孤という老人が仏に礼拝する演技、酔胡(酒に酔った胡の王)とその従者(酔胡従)による滑稽な演技がおこなわれた。
- Following the dances of King of Wu and Kongo, various dance performances are played by different characters; a speedy dance of Karura represented as a spiritual bird gobbling up a snake; the performance of Kuron making a play for a woman of Wu in obscene actions, to be punished by Rikishi; the act of Baramon taking off his loincloth to wash it himself; a performance of an old man named Taiko to pray for Buddha; a comical play between Drunk Persian King and his attendant.
- 片岡と同時期に嵐寛寿郎、中根龍太郎、山口俊雄 (新派俳優)、山本礼三郎らはそれぞれ自らのプロダクションを設立、小文治の「歌舞伎映画プロ」とともに「日本映画プロダクション連盟」を結成し、河合・田中の「双ヶ丘撮影所」をレンタル使用して、山崎らの「館主連盟」に作品の供給を開始する。
- Concurrently with KATAOKA, Kanjuro ARASHI, Ryutaro NAKANE, Toshio YAMAGUCHI (an actor belonging to Shinpa-Geki) and Reizaburo YAMAMOTO establishing their own productions, the 'Japan Movie Production Federation' was formed with Kobunji's 'Kabuki Eiga Pro' and started to supply YAMAZAKI's 'Kanshu Renmei with films that were shot using the rentable Narabigaoka Studio operated by KAWAI and TANAKA.
- 日記の家では歴代の当主が単に日記を執筆したり所持するだけでなく、家記から写本や抄本、部類記の作成や内容の研究を通じてそこに書かれた有職故実の内容を吸収するとともに、家記の喪失を防いで朝廷の官吏あるいは摂関家の家司・家礼として奉仕できる体制を整えることで家名の安定を図っていった。
- In such 'houses with diaries,' beyond simply having the family head of each successive generation record and then maintain ownership of a diary, family members would also make manuscript copies, abridged versions, and indices (by topic or category) of the house diary, and gain a thorough understanding and knowledge of court practices through research into what was recorded therein; moreover, such families also tried to guard against the possibility of losing their house diaries by setting up a governmental system in which they themselves could serve the Imperial Court as officials or the Sekkanke (the line of regents and advisors) as keishi (clerks and household superintendents) and karei (house retainers), thereby aiming to keep their family name stable and secure.
- 元来は礼記に「鸚鵡は能く言して飛鳥を離れず。猩々は能く言して禽獣を離れず」とあるのが出典で、後代の注ではしばしばオランウータンなどの大型類人猿に擬せられるが(猩々はオランウータンの和名のひとつでもある)、一方で各種の説話や芸能によってさまざまなイメージが付託されて現在に及んでいる。
- An ancient book of Chinese Confucianism 'Raiki' ('Liji') first described Shojo as 'a parrot can talk, but that is nothing but a bird; a shojo can talk, but that is nothing but an animal', and some annotations on 'Raiki' explained that Shojo resembled large anthropoid apes such as orangutan (in the past, some Japanese called orangutan 'shojo'); in Japan, they had been given other characters, and became legend and even dramatis personae of traditional performing arts.
- これは、喪中「欠礼」という言葉の示すとおり、「年賀の挨拶をお断りします」というよりは、「自分の家は今年は忌中なので年賀の挨拶ができなくて申し訳ありません」という意味だからである(昨今では喪中の家に年賀状を出すのは失礼という人もいる。一般的には寒中御見舞いのはがきを出すことが多い。)。
- As indicated by the phrase 'refraining from greetings' due to mourning, the concept of sending the postcard is to say, 'We are sorry we can't send a New Year's greeting due to the mourning period,' as opposed to, 'We won't accept a New Year's greeting from you,' (while some people believe it's rude to send the nengajo to a mourning family, it's common to send a kanchuomimai [winter greeting card] instead).
- 平安時代の源氏物語に見られるような、貴族階級による願掛けを中心とした神社参詣がその初期形態ではないかとされ、その後仏教の末法思想の流行により、後白河法皇の熊野三山詣でなど浄土信仰を背景とした極楽往生を願う巡礼へと変化し、中世に入ると、戦乱や貧困の中で一般階級による巡礼も行なわれるようになった。
- As depicted in the Tale of Genji set in the Heian period, the initial form was thought to be the shrine visits that the nobility made, which further transformed into Junrei to wish for a peaceful death through Jodo Shinko (belief of a pure land after death) such as the Kumano Sanzan (three shrines in Kumano) visits of the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa due to the spread of pessimism in a decadent age, and in the middle ages, Junrei were done by the ordinary public during the age of war and poverty.
- 718年(養老2年)大和国の長谷寺の開基である徳道上人が62歳のとき、病のために亡くなるが冥土の入口で閻魔大王に会い、生前の罪業によって地獄へ送られる者があまりにも多いことから、三十三箇所の観音霊場をつくり巡礼によって人々を救うように託宣を受けるとともに起請文と三十三の宝印を授かり現世に戻された。
- Saint Tokudo, the founder of the Hase-dera Temple in Yamato Province, met Enma Daio (King Yama, or the King of Hell) at the entrance to the other world when he died of disease at the age of sixty-two in 718; he received from Enma Daio an oracle telling him to build thirty-three holy places of Kannon and save people by having them make the pilgrimage, then received the kishomon (written oath) to Kannon and the thirty-three hoin (temple seals), and was sent back to the world to accomplish these tasks, for too many people had been sent to hell from bad karma.
- 同時期、片岡千恵蔵が先陣を切って退社し、嵐長三郎が牧野にかつて命名された名を返上して退社して嵐寛寿郎を名乗り、また山口俊雄 (新派俳優)、中根龍太郎、市川小文治、山本礼三郎、武井龍三、中村梅太郎(「マキノ梅太郎」名返上)ら50数名のスターを中心とした俳優が大挙してマキノ・プロダクションを退社した。
- Chiezo KATAOKA was the first to quit the company, Chozaburo ARASHI, who went back to using his acting name after quitting Makino and called himself Kanjuro ARASHI, Toshio YAMAGUCHI (New School Actor), Ryutaro NAKANE, Kobunji ICHIKAWA, Reizaburo YAMAMOTO, Ryuzo TAKEI, and Umetaro NAKAMURA (sending back to using his acting name 'Makino Umetaro'), and approximately fifty popular actors quit Makino Productions.
- このため、天武天皇は大陸の礼楽思想を取り入れる意図をもって五節舞を考案したとする見方もある(なお、聖武天皇が元正上皇のために孝謙天皇(孝謙天皇)に五節舞を舞わせた際に、天皇が上皇に対して「天武天皇が天下統治のために礼と楽を整備するために五節舞を考え出された」と述べている(『続日本紀』天平15年5月辛丑条))。
- Based on this interpretation, a number of people assert that Emperor Tenmu invented the Gosechi no mai with the aim of introducing Reiraku philosophy (ancient Chinese philosophy emphasizing propriety and music) (Incidentally, when Emperor Shomu got Empress Koken to dance in a Gosechi no mai for the Retired Empress Gensho, the Emperor said to the Retired Empress, 'Emperor Tenmu invented Gosechi no mai with the intention to govern the nation and in order to make rei (propriety) and raku (music) take root among the people' ('Shoku Nihongi' - June 3, 743)).
- 室町時代・戦国時代 (日本)の朝廷・室町幕府の財政基盤が大変弱かった事から、官職・役職への補任や継目安堵(将軍の就任に際して引き続き所領安堵の安堵状を得る事)の文書発給条件として謝礼としての礼銭の献上が期待されるようになり、いつしか論理がすり替わって礼銭の献上の多寡によって発給の是非が決定されるようになっていったのである。
- In the Muromachi and Sengoku (warring states) periods, the Imperial Court and the Muromachi bakufu were in severe financial difficulties, and as a result, the reisen as a gratuity was expected to be presented as a condition for receiving the documents of awarding government posts and official positions as well as of the tsugime ando (receiving again the ando-jo, or document to authorize the ownership and control of the shoryo, or territory, in case of appointment of Shogun); before long, the logic was changed, and whether the documents were issued or not came to depend on the amount of the reisen presented.
- 現在、総領家三十二世の姪、小笠原敬承斎なる宗家と称する者が小笠原伯爵邸を教場として教授しているが、(1)歴史的に小笠原弓馬術礼法の三法をもって小笠原流とする本流に反すること、(2)全国各地の神社での神事を行っていないこと、(3)弓馬術は武家作法で、歴史的に男系一子相伝、という3点の事実から、敬承斎は「自称宗家」と見るほうが適切。
- Nowadays, Keishosai OGASAWARA, a niece of the 32nd head of the main family, calls herself Soke and teaches classes at Lord Ogasawara's Residence, but she should be considered a 'self-appointed Soke' due to the following three facts: (1) her school goes against the main idea that the Ogasawara school has historically consisted of the three arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy; (2) her school has not performed shinji (ritual ceremonies) in temples and shrines throughout Japan; and (3) archery and horsemanship are samurai skills and have historically have been handed down to one son only.
- 各流派による点前の形態や茶会様式の体系化と言った様式(「結婚式には礼服を着る事」程度のマナ−の範疇である)の整備に加えて、「人をもてなす事の本質とは(常日頃の振る舞いと、その奥底にある心の本質に気を使わないと、本当の意味で人をもてなす事はできない)」と言った茶道本来の精神を見直すことにによって、現在「茶道」と呼んでいる茶の湯が完成したのである。
- The current chanoyu called 'sado' was completed by reexamining the structure of temae (a formalized chano yu procedure) of each school, adding the ritualization structure of tea parties ('one of the basic mannerism is to wear full dress at weddings'), and reexamining the original idea of sado, 'the essence of hosting a guest is (the guest cannot be truly entertained if the person does not take a full consideration of daily conduct and be aware of the essence at the bottom of one's heart).'
- こうした巡礼の旅で病に倒れた人、宿を求める人を宿泊させた巡礼教会、その小さなものをHospice(終末期の患者が残りの時を過ごす近代的なホスピスの語源)と呼んだが、そこでのもてなしから「歓待」(Hospitality)の語がうまれ、病人の看護などの仕事をする部門が教会の中に作られるようになって今日の英語でいう「病院」(Hospital)が派生した。
- Small pilgrimage churches that took care of pilgrims who fell sick or were looking for a bed were called hospices (the root word for the modern hospice, a place where the terminally ill live out their lives), which led to the word 'Hospitality' and a section within the church devoted to the care of the sick became the 'Hospital.'
- 当時の日本人には朝鮮人の肉食文化が野蛮なものに見えたことが原因であるとし、その根拠として『画図入(えずいり)朝鮮来聘記全』内の狂詩における「通信使が寺の中に魚や肉を持ち込んで食い散らかしている」という表現、及び淀藩の資料『朝鮮人来聘記』内の朝鮮聘礼使淀城着来図の絵に描かれたうちの一部(右図)を「通信使一行が町人の飼っている鶏を盗んで逃げようとし、日本人と喧嘩になっている」様子だとしたうえで挙げている。
- It is said that the meat-eating culture of the Koreans looked barbaric to the Japanese at that time and this was one cause of the conflicts, and as grounds for this, the following are listed: There is the expression of 'Tsushinshi brought fish and meat into a temple and ate them littering the place' in a comical poem in 'Ezuiri Chosenraiheikizen' (Descriptions of Korean visits, with pictures), and part of the picture depicting the arrival of Chosen envoy at Yodo Castle in 'Chosenjin Raiheiki' (see the picture on the right), a document in the Yodo province: It is said that this picture depicted the scene where an officer of Tsushinshi who stole a chicken kept by a townspeople was fighting with Japanese while escaping with the chicken.
- 1420年の回礼使である宋希景は乞食が食物ではなく銭を欲しがるような貨幣経済の発達に対して驚きの声を上げた(その時の李氏朝鮮では、都市部で楮貨という紙幣が流通していた程度で、貨幣経済と呼ぶに足るものが成立しておらず、布・米を媒体とした物々交換が主であったため)といった記録が残っており、また、朝鮮で後に飢饉を救ったサツマイモ(宝暦度 1764年(宝暦14年))や揚水式水車など、日本から相応の文物を持ち帰っていたようである。
- A document records that Kiei SO (宋希景), a kaireishi (an officer sent to Japan responding to an envoy sent by Japan) sent to Japan in 1420, gave an exclamation of surprise about the highly progressed monetary economy that even a beggar wanted money instead of food (this was because, in Korea at that time, paper money called Choka was circulated only in urban areas, with no system that could be called a monetary economy established yet, and the economy was centered on barter trade based on the media of rice and cloth), and in addition, it is likely that the envoy from Korea brought back products of culture necessary for them, such as sweet potato that rescued Korean people from a famine in Korea in later years (1764) and water-pumping wheels.
- だが、実際に『延喜儀式』が朝廷の儀礼など用いられた事が確認できる記録が無く、逸文の初出も延喜年間より100年以上も経た『北山抄』であり、その後は院政期の書物に限られる事から、延喜年間に編纂されたものの『貞観儀式』(『儀式』)の部分的手直しに過ぎないとする説や、完成したが施行されなかったとする説、未完成に終わったとする説、更には延喜期の編纂ではなく11世紀までに成立した延喜期の儀礼に関する記録が儀式と看做された説などが諸説に分かれている。
- Yet, from the fact that there were no records to prove that 'Engi Gishiki' was practically used in formalities at the imperial court, that its surviving fragment first appeared in 'Hokuzansho' which was written more than one hundred years after the Engi era, and that it only appeared in documents during the period under the rule of Cloistered Emperors, some said that Engi Gishiki was compiled in the Engi era, but just as a partial improvement of 'Jogan Gishiki' ('Gishiki'), some said that it was completed, but did not come into use, some said that it was not completed, and some said that it was not compiled during the Engi era, but records on the formalities in the Engi era established until the eleventh century were considered to be Gishiki.
- 歌右衛門生涯の当たり役は非常に多く、『京鹿子娘道成寺』の白拍子花子、『籠釣瓶花街酔醒(籠釣瓶)』の八つ橋、『祗園祭礼信仰記(金閣寺)』の雪姫、『鎌倉三代記・絹川村』の時姫、『本朝廿四孝・十種香』の八重垣姫、『東海道四谷怪談』のお岩、『妹背山婦女庭訓(妹背山)』の定高、お三輪、『沓手鳥孤城落月(孤城落月)』の淀君、『仮名手本忠臣蔵・九段目』の戸無瀬、『積恋雪関扉(関の扉)』の小町と墨染、『恋飛脚大和往来・新口村』の梅川、『攝州合邦辻・合邦庵室』の玉手御前、『伽羅先代萩』の政岡、『鏡山旧錦絵(鏡山)』の尾上、『隅田川続俤(隅田川)』の班女など、娘形から姫、片はずし、傾城に至るまで、あらゆる女形の領域をこなした。
- Utaemon performed many successful characters in his lifetime, and those were Shirabyoshi (women who play Shirabyoshi (Japanese traditional dance)) Hanako of 'Kyo Kanokomusume Dojoji' (The maiden at Dojo Temple), Yatsuhashi of 'Kago Tsurube Satono Eizame' (Basket bucket in red-light district), Yukihime of 'Gion Sairei Shinkoki' (The Gion Festival Chronicle of Faith)(Kinkaku-ji Temple), Tokihime of 'Kamakura Sandaiki, Kinugawa-mura' (Three Generations of the Kamakura Shogunate in Kinugawa Village), Yaegaki-hime of 'Honcho Niju-shi ko, Jusshuko' (24 Paragons of Filial Piety of our Country, Incense Burning), 'Oiwa of 'Tokaido Yotsuya Kaidan' (Tokaido Yotsuya Ghost Stories), Sadaka and Omiwa of 'Imoseyama Onna Teikin' (An Exemplary Tale of Womanly Virtue in Mt. Imose), Yodogimi of 'Hototogisu Kojo no Rakugetsu' (The Sinking Moon over the Lonely Castle Where the Cuckoo Cries), Tonase of 'Kanadehon Chushingura, Kudanme' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers, 9th act), Komachi and Sumizome of 'Tsumoru Koiyuki no Seki no To' (The Barrier Gate), Umegawa of 'Koibikyaku Yamato Orai, Ninokuchi-mura' (The Amorous Courier on the Yamato Highway, Ninokuchi Village), Tamate-Gozen of 'Gappo Anjitsu (hermitage of Gappo), Sesshu Gappo ga Tsuji (A Kabuki Drama of Unfettered Evil),' Masaoka of 'Meiboku Sendai Hagi' (The trouble in the Date Clan), Onoue of 'Kagamiyama Kokyo no Nishikie' (old brocade pictures of Mt. Kagami), Hanjo of 'Sumida-gawa Gonichi no Omokage' (Latter-day Reflections of the Sumida-gawa River), and he acted many types of female roles, such as a daughter, princess, Katahazushi (female role of nyobo (a court lady) of a samurai family or goten jochu (palace maid)), and keisei (courtesans with high dignity and literacy).