砲: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 砲
- gun
- rifle
- small arms
- cannon
- artillery
- ordnance
- 銃砲
- guns
- firearms
- Firearms;
- 主砲
- main battery
- main armament
- 重砲
- heavy artillery
- heavy guns
- 鉄砲
- gun
- wooden pole that wrestlers strike in practice (practise)
- fugu
- Teppou
- Guns
- 弔砲
- artillery funeral salute
- 大砲
- gun
- cannon
- artillery
- Oozutsu
- Oodzutsu
- Artillery by type
- 山砲
- mountain gun
- Mountain artillery
- 艦砲
- ship's guns
- Naval artillery
- 巨砲
- huge gun
- Oozutsu
- Oodzutsu
- 空砲
- empty gun
- gun loaded with blanks
- firing a blank
- 砲台
- battery
- fort
- Houdai
- Artillery battery
- 砲弾
- shell
- bombshell
- Shell (projectile)
- 砲声
- sound of a gun
- roar of cannon
- 砲座
- gun platform
- emplacement
- 砲術
- gunnery
- artillery
- Hojutsu (the art of gunnery)
- 砲門
- gunport
- embrasure
- muzzle
- 砲撃
- bombarding
- shelling
- bombardment
- gunfire
- 礼砲
- salute (gun)
- 21-gun salute
- 野砲
- field gun
- field artillery
- 砲烟
- gunsmoke
- smoke of cannon
- 発砲
- firing
- discharge of gun
- gunfire
- an open fire
- 砲丸
- shell
- shots
- cannon ball
- 砲架
- gun mount
- gun carriage
- 砲煙
- gunsmoke
- smoke of cannon
- 鉄砲町
- Teppouchou
- Teppoumachi
- 水鉄砲
- water pistol
- squirt gun
- water gun
- 対空砲
- anti-aircraft gun
- antiaircraft artillery
- flak
- 速射砲
- rapid-fire gun or cannon
- Quick-firing gun
- 紙鉄砲
- popgun
- origami popgun
- 鉄砲玉
- gunshot
- bullet
- lost (truant) messenger
- bull's-eye
- 鉄砲水
- flash flood
- freshet
- river flash flood
- debacle
- 鉄砲魚
- archerfish (any fish of family Toxotidae, esp. the banded archerfish, Toxotes jaculatrix)
- 自走砲
- self-propelled artillery
- Self-propelled gun
- 滑腔砲
- smooth-bore gun
- unrifled gun
- Smoothbore
- 高角砲
- high-angle or anti-aircraft gun
- 高射砲
- antiaircraft gun
- Anti-aircraft guns
- 曲射砲
- howitzer
- high-angle gun
- 鉄砲弾
- gunshot
- bullet
- lost (truant) messenger
- bull's-eye
- 野戦砲
- field gun
- Field artillery
- 防空砲
- air defense artillery
- air defence artillery
- 無鉄砲
- rash
- reckless
- temerity
- Muteppo
- 迫撃砲
- mortar
- Mortars
- Mortar (weapon)
- 突撃砲
- assault gun
- Sturmgeschütz
- 豆鉄砲
- peashooter
- Pea shooter (toy)
- 肘鉄砲
- shot of the elbow
- rejection
- rebuff
- 鉄砲組
- Teppo gumi (gun squad)
- 大鉄砲
- Odeppo (Japanese artillery)
- 列車砲
- Railway gun
- Railway guns
- カノン砲
- cannon (esp. high-velocity artillery)
- 四斤山砲
- Yonkinsanpo (Mountain Gun used with a 4 Kg cannonball)
- 四斤野砲
- Yonkinyaho (Field gun used with a 4 kg cannonball)
- 鉄砲伝来
- Introduction of Firearms into Japan
- 巨砲丈士
- Oodzutsu Takeshi (h) (1956.4.18-)
- 鉄砲町駅
- Teppouchou Station (st)
- 無鉄砲な
- foolhardy
- harum-scarum
- rough-and-tumble
- 雀の鉄砲
- shortawn foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis)
- 十字砲火
- cross fire
- Crossfire
- 対空砲火
- anti-aircraft fire
- flak
- 対戦車砲
- antitank gun
- Anti-tank guns
- 艦砲射撃
- bombardment
- bombardment of land by warships
- 無反動砲
- recoilless rifle
- recoilless gun
- Recoilless rifles
- 鉄砲風呂
- bath with a metal pipe
- 鉄砲和え
- salad of minced Welsh onions, seafood, and vinegared miso
- 砲煙弾雨
- the smoke of guns and a rain of bullets or shells
- 鉄砲渡し
- Teppo watashi (handing over of a gun)
- 陽流砲術
- Yo-ryu hojutsu (gunnery of Yo school)
- 関流砲術
- Seki-ryu Hojutsu (Gunnery of Seki school)
- 鉄砲の記述
- Historical Description of Guns
- 自走曲射砲
- howitzer motor carriage
- 砲塔形屋根
- turret deck
- turret top
- 礼砲を放つ
- fire a salute
- give a salute
- 闇夜の鉄砲
- aimless attempt
- shot in the dark
- 闇夜に鉄砲
- aimless attempt
- shot in the dark
- 電磁投射砲
- railgun (firearm that uses electromagnetism to propell a projectile)
- 森重流砲術
- Morishige-ryu hojutsu (gunnery of Morishige school)
- ポンポン砲
- Gyro Rate Unit
- Pom-Pom Director
- QF 2 pounder naval gun
- 自走砲一覧
- List of artillery
- List of artillery by name
- 師団の大砲
- divisional artillery
- 砲塔制御装置
- gun fire control system
- 鉄砲伝来諸説
- Various Theories on the Introduction of Firearms into Japan
- 肘鉄砲を食う
- meet with a rebuff
- 大砲万右衛門
- Oodzutsu Man'emon, 18th sumo grand champion
- 大聖寺鉄砲町
- Daishoujiteppoumachi
- 丸岡藩砲台跡
- Maruokahanhoudaiato
- 肘鉄砲を喰う
- give/get the cold shoulder
- 九二式歩兵砲
- Type 92 Battalion Gun
- ドイツの火砲
- Artillery of Germany
- 二鯤シン砲台
- Eternal Golden Castle
- アルジェ砲撃
- Bombardment of Algiers (1816)
- 九七式自動砲
- Type 97 20 mm anti-tank rifle
- コジモ・大砲
- Cosimo Aldo Cannone
- 12発の礼砲
- a twenty gun salute
- 日英戦争砲台跡
- Nichieisensouhoudaiato
- 矢でも鉄砲でも
- whatever may happen
- 鉄砲伝来紀功碑
- Teppoudenraikikouhi
- ひどく無鉄砲な
- bold as a blind Bayard
- 発砲スチロール
- styrofoam
- styrene foam
- expanded polystyrene
- 砲艦サンパブロ
- The Sand Pebbles (film)
- 操江 (砲艦)
- Chinese gunboat Tsao-kiang
- 赤城 (砲艦)
- Japanese gunboat Akagi
- 後、大砲方下役。
- Later, he held a subordinate position of artillery,
- 大砲差図役頭取。
- He served as a chief commander of cannory.
- 肘鉄砲を食らわす
- give someone the air
- W9 (核砲弾)
- W9 (nuclear warhead)
- ビショップ自走砲
- Bishop (artillery)
- セクストン自走砲
- Sexton (artillery)
- 9cm迫撃砲GR
- 9 cm Mortar Type GR
- I号自走重歩兵砲
- 15 cm sIG 33 (Sf) auf Panzerkampfwagen I Ausf B
- パナイ (砲艦)
- USS Panay (PR-5)
- 五式十五糎高射砲
- Type 5 15 cm AA Gun
- 砲兵隊:関広右衛門
- Artillery unit: Hiroemon SEKI
- 種子島への鉄砲伝来
- The Introduction of firearms into Tanegashima Island, Japan
- レーザー誘導型砲弾
- cannon-launched guided projectile
- 刀鍛冶、鉄砲鍛冶。
- Sword smithery and Gun smithery
- 砲術(ほうじゅつ)
- Hojutsu (the art of gunnery)
- 日本の伝統的な砲術
- Japanese traditional art of gunnery
- QF 18ポンド砲
- Ordnance QF 18 pounder
- 十四年式十糎加農砲
- Type 14 10 cm Cannon
- QF 25ポンド砲
- Ordnance QF 25 pounder
- 60式自走無反動砲
- Type 60 Self-propelled 106 mm Recoilless Gun
- スウェーデンの火砲
- Artillery of Sweden
- W19 (核砲弾)
- W19 (nuclear artillery shell)
- - 任陸軍砲兵中尉。
- He was appointed as an artillery first lieutenant in the army.
- - 任陸軍砲兵少佐。
- He was appointed to an artillery major in the army.
- - 任陸軍砲兵中佐。
- He was appointed as an artillery lieutenant colonel in the army.
- 「津田流砲術」の祖。
- He was the founder of 'Tsuda-ryu hojutsu' (gunnery of Tsuda school).
- 長じて砲手になった。
- He went on to become a gunner.
- 陸軍砲兵大佐となる。
- He became an army artillery colonel.
- アーチャー自走榴弾砲
- Archer Artillery System
- フンメル (自走砲)
- Hummel (vehicle)
- アメリカ合衆国の砲艦
- Gunboats of the United States Navy
- BL 4.5インチ砲
- BL 4.5 inch Medium Field Gun
- M1 90mm高射砲
- 90 mm Gun M1/M2/M3
- 戦略的に置かれた大砲
- strategically placed artillery
- 軍人は、発砲していた
- The soldiers were popping
- 中島鉄砲火薬店を開業。
- He opened his own shop, 'Nakajima Gun and Gunpowder.'
- 銃砲刀剣類所持等取締法
- Swords and Firearms Control Law (1958)
- 鳩が豆鉄砲を食ったよう
- like a pigeon who's been shot by a peashooter (i.e. wide-eyed in shock)
- 関流筒:関流砲術参照。
- Seki style gun: See Seki's school of gunnery.
- アーチャー対戦車自走砲
- Archer (tank destroyer)
- Mk 71 8インチ砲
- 8'/55 caliber Mark 71 gun
- 120mm迫撃砲 RT
- Mortier 120mm Rayé Tracté Modèle F1
- GPF194mm自走砲
- Canon de 194 mle GPF
- F-22 76mm野砲
- 76 mm divisional gun M1936 (F-22)
- NR-23 (機関砲)
- Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23
- 織田軍の鉄砲数と三段撃ち
- Oda's 3,000 Teppo and Sandan-uchi
- 砂押御鉄砲薬蔵の南の山。
- Sunaoshi is the mountain located on the south, storing guns and their ammunition.
- この砲撃作戦は成功した。
- This strategy of firing cannons was successful.
- 砲弾が貫通した壁も現存。
- The wall which was penetrated by bullets still remains.
- ひいては刀・鉄砲を表す。
- The word eventually came to represent swords and guns.
- 諸軍艦で祝砲がうたれた。
- Gun salutes were fired from several navy ships.
- BL 7.2インチ榴弾砲
- BL 7.2 inch Howitzer
- M1909 76mm山砲
- Canon de 76 M(montagne) modele 1909 Schneider
- 46mm迫撃砲wz.36
- Granatnik wz.36
- B-4 203mm榴弾砲
- 203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4)
- 56口径100mm艦載砲
- Type 79 100 mm naval gun
- QF 3.7インチ高射砲
- QF 3.7 inch AA gun
- 1-K 37mm対戦車砲
- 37 mm anti-tank gun M1930 (1-K)
- ZiS-3 76mm野砲
- 76 mm divisional gun M1942 (ZiS-3)
- M67 90mm無反動砲
- M67 recoilless rifle
- ハメーンリンナ砲兵博物館
- The Artillery Museum of Finland
- M8 75mm自走榴弾砲
- Howitzer Motor Carriage M8
- 砲艦外交の展開:江華島事件
- Development of gunboat diplomacy: the Ganghwa Island incident
- 下手な鉄砲も数打てば当たる
- Even a poor shot will hit the mark, if he tries often enough.
- 63式107mmロケット砲
- Type 63 multiple rocket launcher
- M224 60mm 迫撃砲
- M224 mortar
- L118 105mm榴弾砲
- L118 Light Gun
- D-30 122mm榴弾砲
- 122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30)
- M114 155mm榴弾砲
- M114 155 mm howitzer
- ダナ 152mm自走榴弾砲
- 152mm SpGH DANA
- M777 155mm榴弾砲
- M777 howitzer
- M1943 76mm歩兵砲
- 76 mm regimental gun M1943
- M198 155mm榴弾砲
- M198 howitzer
- 中国人民解放軍第二砲兵部隊
- Second Artillery Corps (China)
- 53-K 45mm対戦車砲
- 45 mm anti-tank gun M1937 (53-K)
- 大砲が防衛施設を打ち壊した
- the artillery battered down the defenses
- - 岡山野砲兵第23連隊長。
- He was appointed to a chief of the twenty-third regiment in Okayama field artillery.
- 西洋式の大砲などを撃つ技術。
- 2. The Western method of firing artillery
- ボフォース 37mm対戦車砲
- Bofors 37 mm
- ML-20 152mm榴弾砲
- 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20)
- ZiS-2 57mm対戦車砲
- 57 mm anti-tank gun M1943 (ZiS-2)
- F-22USV 76mm野砲
- 76 mm divisional gun M1939 (USV)
- A-19 122mmカノン砲
- 122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19)
- BL 8インチ榴弾砲 Mk6
- BL 8 inch Howitzer Mk VI – VIII
- GSh-30-1 (機関砲)
- Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-301
- Br-2 152mmカノン砲
- 152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2)
- V3 15センチ高圧ポンプ砲
- V-3 cannon
- 偵察任務中に砲撃戦が起こった
- an exchange of fire occurred on a reconnaissance mission
- - 鋼鉄製の後装式ライフル砲。
- This was a breech-loading rifle made of steel.
- ワサビ入りを「鉄砲巻き」とも。
- With wasabi added, it is also called 'teppo-maki.'
- カエサル 155mm自走榴弾砲
- CAESAR self-propelled howitzer
- M110 203mm自走榴弾砲
- M110 howitzer
- M1910 152mmカノン砲
- 152 mm siege gun M1910
- その発砲は、彼女を不動にさせた
- The shot rendered her immobile
- 男爵・陸軍少将・陸軍省砲兵局長。
- He was a baron, Army Major General and head of artillery department in the Ministry of Army.
- この通達は「一、鉄砲の所持禁止。
- The first article of the notice was a ban on the ownership of guns.
- オードナンス QF 17ポンド砲
- Ordnance QF 17 pounder
- QF 3インチ 20cwt高射砲
- QF 3 inch 20 cwt
- オードナンス QF 20ポンド砲
- Ordnance QF 20 pounder
- 不安にさせるような砲火のような音
- the disquietingly close sounds of gunfire
- 彼は発砲のパチパチする音を聞いた
- he heard a spatter of gunfire
- 有無之助は大砲1門の指揮を執る。
- Umunosuke became a commander for the cannon crew.
- また、再び鉄砲洲で講義をおこなう。
- Yukichi taught in Tepposhu again.
- 鳩が豆鉄砲を食らったような顔をする
- (taken by surprise) look dumbfounded
- 500石 - 鉄砲1、鑓3但持鑓共
- 500 koku - one Muskets, and three Spears including spear owned by horse soldier
- M1909/37 122mm榴弾砲
- 122 mm howitzer M1909/37
- M1910/37 152mm榴弾砲
- 152 mm howitzer M1910/37
- 発砲は罪のない見物人を危険に陥れた
- the gunfire endangered innocent bystanders
- マウザーMK 30 30mm機関砲
- 30 mm Breda-Mauser
- 砲火を聞いて、軍人は、地面に伏せた
- The soldiers hit the dirt when they heard gunfire
- 主な半翻訳本に砲家必読11冊がある。
- Hoka Hitsudoku (literary, guidelines on gun battery) (Vol. 1-11) is one of his main translations.
- 1870年 鋳砲方仕準拾五等となる。
- In 1870, he was assigned to Ihogata (department in charge of casting cannon) and given the semi 15th grade.
- 500石 - 鉄砲1丁、鑓3本持鑓共
- 500 koku - one Musket, three Spears including spear owned by Mounted Warrior
- 砲撃は休止することなく何時間も続いた
- the shelling went on for hours without pausing
- 新選組では伍長・砲術師範などを勤めた。
- In the Shinsengumi, he served as gocho (a corporal) and hojutsu shihan (instructor for gunnery).
- 47mm P.U.V. vz. 36砲
- 47 mm kanon P.U.V. vz. 36 (Škoda A6)
- グラーフ・フォン・ゲッツェン (砲艦)
- MV Liemba
- しかし日本側の砲艦外交によって頓挫した。
- However it was frustrated by gunboat diplomacy by Japan.
- 海軍陸戦隊が旅順要塞への砲撃を開始した。
- The Naval amphibious forces shell the Lushun Fortress.
- 祖先の海部定右ヱ門正親は海部流砲術始祖。
- His ancestor Joemonmasachika KAIFU was a founder of Kaifu style artillery.
- 同じ年に『海上砲術全書』を訳述している。
- He translated 'Marine gunnery books' that year.
- 8月、四国連合艦隊下関砲撃事件が起きた。
- In August, the Incident of gunfire at Shimonoseki of the four countries' combined fleet occurred.
- 兵装として8つの小口径砲を装備していた。
- She was armed with eight small-caliber guns.
- 砲弾は天守にも命中、城内は大混乱となる。
- The artillery shells hit the main tower of the castle and caused havoc inside.
- 射場については鉄砲の練習場の意味もある。
- The word shaba also includes the meaning of practice field for guns.
- 鉄火 - 鍛冶によって作られる鉄砲、刀。
- Tekka - guns and swords produced by smithery
- 彼らは破壊的な敵の砲撃を前にして退却した
- they retreated in the face of withering enemy fire
- 敵の機関砲射撃を受ける中敵陣地を占領する。
- Being barraged with machinegun, his troop captured the enemy's position.
- 国臣は足軽鉄砲頭小金丸彦六の養子になった。
- Kuniomi was adopted by Hikoroku KOGANEMARU, head of the ashigaru artillery.
- 市川の砲兵連隊に入営するが、8日後に除隊。
- He joined the artillery regiment in Ichikawa, but was discharged eight days later.
- 文禄の役には、鉄砲大将として海渡している。
- In the Bunroku campaign, he crossed the sea as the major captain of the gun unit.
- 持筒組と持弓組があり、前者は鉄砲隊である。
- Mochigumi was composed of firearms unit and shooting arrows unit.
- 幕末の台場や砲台も、城に含めることがある。
- The forts and gun batteries at the end of the Edo period may also be included in castles.
- 鉄砲伝来と共に時計などの機械が入ってきた。
- When a harquebus came to Japan, mechanisms, such as that of a watch, also came.
- 鉄火 - 鉄砲の銃弾や刀が火花を散らす様。
- Tekka - sparks flying through the air from swords and bullets from guns.
- AMX30 AuF1 155mm自走榴弾砲
- GCT 155mm
- シュナイダーM1917C 155mm榴弾砲
- Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider
- 2S1グヴォズジーカ 122mm自走榴弾砲
- 2S1 Gvozdika
- また、国産第1号と伝わる鉄砲が存在している。
- They also have a gun handed down as the first domestic gun.
- 鉄砲を撃ち込まれた先鋒は打ち破られてしまう。
- The vanguard was defeated with guns.
- 矢以外の投射物の使用(石や金属球や砲弾など)
- Making use of other things to throw or catapult (stone, metal ball, cannonball and so on)
- 彼らは進撃する軍隊に対して弾幕砲撃を浴びせた
- they laid down a barrage in front of the advancing troops
- 根来衆には一定量の鉄砲があったと思われている。
- It is believed that Negoroshu had a certain amount of guns.
- 同日、家康・秀忠は諸将の砲撃を停止させている。
- On the same day Ieyasu/Hidetada ordered warlords to stop firing.
- そして16日から全軍より一斉砲撃が始められる。
- On 16th the whole army opened fire (the old calendar).
- 弓は鉄砲が広まるまで、投射兵器の主力であった。
- Until the spread of guns, bows and arrows were the principal power among the shooting weapons.
- 「鉄砲渡し」の最初は勘平が笠で顔を隠している。
- Kanpei hides his face with an umbrella in the opening scene of 'Teppo watashi.'
- その後各地に「地域おこし」の鉄砲隊が誕生した。
- After that, musket troops were established in various areas for the purpose of 'community development.'
- 二代軍兵衛家は代々土浦で同藩の鉄砲指南をした。
- The second-generation Gunbe family had been in charge of teaching the gunnery in the domain of Tsuchiura over generations.
- 子供は無防備に十字砲火の真っただ中に立っていた
- the child was standing in the middle of the crossfire, defenselessly
- - 陸軍士官学校(旧9期)卒業、任陸軍砲兵少尉。
- He graduated from the military academy and was appointed to artillery as a second lieutenant in the army.
- 銃砲弾又は軍用の爆発物(イに掲げるものを除く。)
- Ammunition or military explosives (excluding those listed in (a));
- 後に同地は、横須賀海軍砲術学校辻堂演習場となる。
- Subsequently, the field served as the Tsujido maneuvering range of the Yokosuka naval gunnery school.
- 稲富筒:稲富祐直の仕様に基づいて製作された鉄砲。
- Inatomi gun: It refers to guns made on the basis of specifications provided by Sukenao INATOMI.
- 天文12年、ポルトガル人が種子島に砲術を伝えた。
- In 1543, the Portuguese introduced the art of gunnery into the Tanegashima Island.
- ウジは警察と特殊部隊銃砲として世界中で使用される
- the Uzi is used throughout the world as a police and special forces firearm
- - 名古屋第3師団 (日本軍)砲兵第3連隊小隊長。
- He was appointed as an element leader of the artillery third regiment in the Nagoya third division.
- 首領に中山忠光を迎えて外国艦船砲撃事件に加わった。
- He participated in the attack of foreign ships, with Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA as their leader.
- - 歩兵隊4個大隊,砲兵組,御持小筒組などが参陣。
- The four battalions of infantry, artillery-groups, gojikodutsu-gumi etc. joined the war.
- 鉄砲を三つ撃てばこうした怪音がやむという説もある。
- It is also said that firing three shots will make this mysterious sound stop.
- 1000石 - 鉄砲2、鑓5但持鑓共、弓1、騎馬1
- 1000 koku - two Muskets, five Spears including spears owned by horse soldiers, one Bow, one Horse Soldier
- 鉄砲が戦闘形式を一変させ、天下統一への道を開いた。
- Firearms drastically changed the form of battle, and opened the road to the unification of the whole country.
- 鉄砲現物のほか、その製造技術や射撃法なども伝わった。
- Not only were actual guns introduced, but also manufacturing technology and shooting skills.
- 当時の鉄砲はマッチロック式であり、火縄銃と呼ばれた。
- The guns of this time were matchlock type and called hinawaju (matchlock gun).
- その後、西洋砲術を学び、幕府の蕃書調所などに務めた。
- Later he studied Western gunnery, and he worked at Bansho shirabesho of Edo bakufu or the Institute for the investigation of Western books.
- 連合軍の最初の正念場は大沽砲台・天津攻略戦であった。
- The first crucial event for the allied forces was the capture of Taku Fort and Tianjin.
- 後に鉄砲の質・量双方の増加により主力を鉄砲に譲った。
- Later, the principal power was transferred to the guns because of both improved quality and increase in the quantity of guns.
- 鉄砲場見廻役は、地元の村々の名主などから任命された。
- The patrolmen of the firing range were assigned by the head of the local village, etc.
- 大型の機械弓で矢だけでなく砲弾を発射する事が出来た。
- It was a big machine bow and could shoot arrows and also cannonballs.
- 朝鮮からの砲撃の翌日、今度は日本側が艦砲射撃を行った。
- On the day after Korea opened fire, Japan did the bombardment of land by their warships.
- この砲声は京にも届き、その音が途切れることはなかった。
- The sound of gunfire reached Kyoto and continued without stopping.
- 当初、別働第2旅団は堂坂の泥濘と薩軍の砲撃に苦しんだ。
- Initially, the detached 2nd brigade was suffering from the muddy ground in Dosaka and bombardments from the Satsuma army.
- この発砲の瞬間から鳥羽伏見の戦いが始まったと言われる。
- It is said that the Battle of Toba-Fushimi started at the moment of this firing.
- 相手は鉄砲を撃ちかけてきたが抜刀してこれを討ち取った。
- When the burglar attempted to shoot them, they drew their swords and killed him.
- 似通っている点としては優秀な鉄砲集団、傭兵集団であった。
- As what Saikashu and Negoroshu had in common, they were both excellent gun forces and mercenary forces.
- 恐らく他の武将からも鉄砲隊供出は行われたものと思われる。
- It is likely that other busho also provided teppo units.
- この5人の武将以外の部隊の鉄砲の数には言及されていない。
- It remains silent as to the number of teppo supplied to the other units.
- 艦船の砲弾は陣地の手前10メートルほどの海中に落下した。
- Cannon fire from the ships fell into the sea, about 10 meters short of the encampment.
- 明治17年(1884年)、”鉄砲火薬売買人”免許を取得。
- In 1884, he was licensed as a 'gun and gunpowder trader.'
- 鉄砲大頭役所使番、2月後に中番、次いで勘定所給仕となる。
- He became tsukaiban (a person responsible for order and patrol in the battlefield) of Jutegumi, and chuban two month later, and subsequently he was promoted to kyuji (server) of kanjosho (finance ministry).
- 明治時代に入り11代目当主以降は鉄砲鍛冶を廃業している。
- After entering the Meiji era, under the 11th head of the family, the family withdrew from the gun making business
- 本姓は辻村で、国友の鉄砲師は職務上「国友」姓を名乗った。
- His original name was TSUJIMURA, but teppo smith in the Kunitomo region had to use the name, 'KUNITOMO'.
- 1897年(明治30年):舞鶴に舞鶴要塞砲兵大隊を配置。
- 1897: Maizuru Yosai hohei daitai (Garrison Artillery) was deployed in Maizuru.
- 1000石 - 鉄砲2丁、弓1張、鑓5本持鑓共、馬上1騎
- 1000 koku - two Muskets, one Bow, five Spears including spears owned by Mounted Warriors, one Mounted Warrior
- また、鉄片や鉄釘を砲弾の代わりに装填した大砲も使用した。
- In addition, they used canons loaded with metal pieces and nails instead of canon balls.
- 熟練者なら発砲後の次弾発射準備が18~20秒で完了する。
- A veteran user would require 18 to 20 seconds from firing to being ready for the next shot.
- 攻めあぐねた寄せ手は、十三日には大砲を城内に撃ち込んだ。
- The offensive force were at a loss on how to continue, and fired cannons at the castle on October 19.
- 関流砲術では、7発位撃つと弾が入り難くなると伝えている。
- Seki's school of gunnery has taught that at about every seven shots it becomes difficult for a bullet to be inserted.
- 石のほか藁鉄砲(藁束を硬く縛ったもの)を使う地方もある。
- In some regions, a straw gun (a bundle of straws tied up) is used instead of a stone.
- ゴラン高原に配置された砲弾はイスラエル広域に脅威を与える
- artillery on the Golan Heights can dominate a large area of Israel
- 3日目には第1砲台も放火し、朝鮮側の35名を殺害している。
- On the third day, they also set fire to the first gun battery and killed 35 Korean soldiers.
- 実際左翼では山県が、右翼では土屋が鉄砲により討死している。
- Yamagata was shot down in the left wing and so was Tsuchiya in the right.
- 奇兵隊は総督を頂点に、銃隊や砲隊などが体系的に組織された。
- Kiheitai Army placed the governor-general on the top of the organization and systematically organized musket unit and cannon unit.
- これに対し、官軍は阜上からこれを砲撃し、戦闘が開始された。
- For this, the government army bombarded them from a hill, starting a battle.
- 砲兵については「座」(砲8門)という単位が用いられていた。
- For artillery units, the unit of `za' (8 cannons) was used.
- 会津藩の砲術師範であった山本権八・さく夫妻の子として誕生。
- She was born to Gonpachi YAMAMOTO, who was a gunnery instructor of the Aizu clan, and his wife, Saku.
- 明倫館兵学寮総官・教授として歩・騎・砲兵士官教育を行った。
- As a director and teacher of the Meirinkan Heigakuryo military school, he instructed cavalry, infantry and bombardiers.
- ここで志士たちと国事を論じ、さらに講武所で洋式砲術を学ぶ。
- Here, he debated national affairs with fellow believers and learned western shooting at the Kobusho (martial arts training hall).
- 4000石 - 鉄砲6、鑓20但持鑓共、弓4、騎馬6、旗1
- 4000 koku - six Muskets, twenty Spears including spears owned by horse soldies, four Bows, six Horse Soldiers, one Banner
- そして、鉄砲隊や士大将の護衛といった防御任務へと転換した。
- Their tasks shifted to protective ones, such as defending of the gun-bearing troops and samurai daisho.
- だが城兵も鉄砲によって防戦し、寄手の損害も大きく撤退した。
- But the castle soldiers also fought with guns and the besiegers were greatly damaged and withdrew.
- 3000石 - 鉄砲5、鑓15但持鑓共、弓3、騎馬4、旗1
- 3000 koku - five Muskets, fifteen Spears including spears owned by horse soldies, three Bows, four Horse Soldiers, one Banner
- 2000石 - 鉄砲3丁、弓2張、鑓10本持鑓共、馬上3騎
- 2000 koku - three Muskets, two Bows, ten Spears including spears owned by mounted warriors, three mounted Warriors
- しかしこれも城方の弓・鉄砲の反撃にあって多数の討死を出す。
- However, they were countered by the shooting from castle with bows and guns and many of them were killed in the battle.
- 鉄砲渡しの千崎も(物語には書かれないが)切腹自殺で終える。
- SENZAKI of Teppo watashi also commits seppuku (though this is not depicted in the story).
- 新聞紙などを用いる作品(帽子、ミット、紙鉄砲など)もある。
- Newspapers are used for some models (a hat, a mitt and a paper gun).
- 日本側の砲艦外交に対し、戦端を開く覚悟までは至らなかったこと
- Korea could not prepare for the outbreak of war against the gunboat diplomacy of Japan.
- (また、これとは別に徳川家の鉄砲も考慮に入れる必要がある。)
- (It is also necessary to take into account the teppo used by the Tokugawa family).
- 国友村で年寄脇(年寄の次席)を勤める御用鉄砲鍛冶の家の一つ。
- One of the gun smith families in Kunitomo village patronized by the government that had the rank of toshiyoriwaki (a hereditary rank given to gun smith families), which was one below toshiyori.
- その後、指揮官は鉄砲大将や長柄大将などと呼ばれる様になった。
- Later, the commander was called teppo taisho, nagae (spear) taisho, and so on.
- 2000石 - 鉄砲3、鑓5(15?)但持鑓共、弓2、騎馬3
- 2000 koku - three Muskets, five (or fifteen?) Spears including spears owned by horse soldies, two Bows, three Horse Soldiers
- 薩摩藩に生まれ、勉学をすすめたのち江川英龍門下で砲術を学ぶ。
- He was born in Satsuma Domain, and after his general studies, he learned gunnery as a disciple of Hidetatsu EGAWA.
- 1759年(宝暦9年):人吉藩竹鉄砲事件(相良氏 - 人吉藩)
- 1759: Hitoyoshi Domain Bamboo Gun incident (Sagara clan; Hitoyoshi Domain)
- 教育内容は手習や四書五経で、幕末には蘭学と西洋砲術が加わった。
- Tenarai (Japanese calligraphy) and Shishogokyo (the Four Books and Five Classics of Confucianism, otherwise known as the Nine Chinese Classics) were taught, and Western studies and Western gunnery were added to the curriculum at the end of the Edo period.
- 他に鉄砲組荷駄(人夫)がおり、合戦の緒戦において射撃戦を行う。
- Other than that, there were teppo gumi nida (provision transporters for the gun squad) (laborers), and they fought in the shoot-out at the beginning of the battle.
- 熟練した者ならば第1弾発砲から18〜20秒後に次弾発射できる。
- Skilled persons can shoot a second bullet after 18 to 20 seconds from the first.
- 武器の所持(鉄砲を除く)やその稽古まで禁じるものではなかった。
- As can be seen above, they didn't ban the ownership of weapons (except guns) or the practice of weapons.
- と諸説あり、鉄砲記の伝来年以前とするものもあり、はっきりしない。
- As mentioned above, there are various theories about the time of the introduction of guns into Japan such as some records saying it was before the introduction into Tanegashima Island, thus the precise time is not clear.
- 儀仗隊を葬列に参加させ、弔砲を定刻に発砲し、偉大な功績を称えた。
- A cortege participated in the funeral procession, and fired an artillery funeral salute at the appropriate time to mark the greatness of his achievements.
- - 任陸軍砲兵大佐、陸軍技術審査部審査官、軍馬臨時検査官となる。
- He was appointed as an artillery colonel in the army, an inspector in the technology inspection department in the army, and a tentative inspector for war-horses.
- 慶安3年(1650年)鉄砲組番頭、知行3,000石の上士に累進。
- In 1650, he was promoted even higher to general manager of Teppo-gumi (a Group of musketeers), which was a joshi (a high-ranking samurai in the clan) being chigyo 3,000 koku.
- 徳川家創成期には弓・鉄砲足軽を編制した部隊として合戦に参加した。
- In the early Edo period, it participated in battles as a troop which organized yumi-ashigaru (foot soldiers fighting with bow) and teppo-ashigaru (foot soldiers fighting with firearms).
- 築地鉄砲洲にあった奥平家の中屋敷に住み込み、そこで蘭学を教えた。
- He lived in the secondary residence of the Okudaira family located in Tsukiji Tepposhu, and taught Rangaku there.
- 5000石 - 鉄砲10、鑓25但持鑓共、弓10、騎馬14、旗3
- 5000 koku - ten Muskets, twenty-five Spears including spears owned by horse soldies, ten Bows, fourteen Horse Soldiers, three Banners
- 安宅船や大砲も動員してのこの攻撃で、一時は城域の大半を占拠した。
- With this attack by Atake-bune (a type of naval warship) and cannons, it temporarily occupied most of the castle area.
- 史料の成立は時堯死後27年、鉄砲伝来から60年近く経ったである。
- The book was completed 27 years after Tokitada's death and almost 60 years after the transmission of guns itself.
- 主に砲弾や石などを発射し、弓矢というよりは機械や兵器ともいえる。
- It mainly shoots cannonballs and stones so that it is considered to be a machine or weapon rather than Yumiya.
- 長州征伐では砲術の腕を買われて大砲(おおづつ)組に編入され参戦。
- During the Choshu Campaign, his cannon firing skills were valued and so he was reassigned and fought as the Ozutsu gumi (a group in charge of cannon).
- 当時の織田家が鉄砲をどのくらい集めることができたかを考えてみたい。
- Let us consider how many teppo the Oda family could collect at the time.
- 10000石 - 鉄砲20、鑓50但持鑓共、弓10、騎馬14、旗3
- 10000 koku - twenty Muskets, fifty Spears including spears owned by horse soldies, ten Bows, fourteen Horse Soldiers, three Banners
- - 日清戦争出征(第1軍 (日本軍),第3師団),任陸軍砲兵大尉。
- He departed for the front during the Japanese-Sino War (the first string, the third division), and was appointed to an artillery captain in the army.
- 弟に砲術自由斎流の開祖となった杉ノ坊照算(津田妙算の養子)がいる。
- His younger brother was Shozan SUGINOBO (adopted son of Taekazu TSUDA) who became the originator of the gunnery Hojutsu Juyusairyu.
- 製薬掛、後に砲術方掛となり、集成館事業に携わるなどの要職を務める。
- He was in charge of the pharmaceutical department and later, the gunnery department, and then he took important posts such as engaging in the Shuseikan business.
- 当然この銃は暗殺時も携帯していたが発砲することなく殺害されている。
- Naturally Ryoma carried the gun with him at the time of assassination, but was killed without opening fire.
- 第二次長州征伐は、6月7日の幕府軍艦による上ノ関砲撃から始まった。
- The second conquest of Choshu started with the bombardment of Kaminoseki by a battleship of the shogunate on June 7.
- 因テ諸手ニ命セラレ、一同ニツヘ鐵砲ヲ放テ、総御人数ヲ引揚ケラル。」
- Therefore, Masamune ordered the whole troops to withdraw after firing a volley.'
- だが、太田城の水攻めでは、行長の水軍が安宅船や大砲も動員して攻撃。
- When the inundation tactics were implemented against the Ota-jo Castle, however, Yukinaga's navy mobilized Ataka bune (a type of naval warship) and artillery to attack the castle.
- しかし初志を貫き軍制改革を訴えて軍事取調役兼大砲頭取に抜擢される。
- However, because he appealed for the necessity of the military system reformation to carry out his original intention, he was selected as a Gunji torishirabe yaku (a person in charge of investigation of military affairs) and a Taiho todori (a leader of cannon) at the same time.
- 藩側は、さらには大砲までくりだしたので、百姓側に多くの死傷者が出た。
- The Domain side used a cannon and inflicted a large number of peasant casualties.
- この時、弁天台場は、両艦を歓迎する礼砲を撃ったが、両艦とも無視した。
- At this time, a salute was fired at Benten Daiba to welcome the both worships, but they ignored it.
- そして村山台地に砲台を設置し、薩軍本営のあった球磨川南部を砲撃した。
- Then, the government army set up batteries on the Murayama Plateau and bombarded the southern part of the Kuma-gawa River where the headquarters of the Satsuma army was located.
- これに対し村田新八率いる薩軍も人吉城二ノ丸に砲台陣地を設け対抗した。
- The Satsuma army led by Shinpachi MURATA fought back by setting up a battery in Ninomaru (the second compound) of Hitoyoshi-jo Castle.
- 天正10年(1582年):山崎の戦いに鉄砲隊を指揮して武功をたてる。
- 1582: He rendered distinguished military service taking command of a firearms troop in the Battle of Yamazaki.
- 翌年の有岡城攻め(有岡城の戦い)では、万見、菅屋らと鉄砲隊を率いる。
- When attacking on Arioka-jo Castle (the battle of Arioka-jo Castle) next year, he led a gun troop with Manmi and Sugaya.
- 豊臣秀吉の鉄砲組頭として、小牧・長久手の戦いや小田原の役に従軍した。
- He took a part in campaigns of the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute and Odawara no eki (the Siege of Odawara) as the captain of the gun unit of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- 小倉市方面の戦闘指揮では、まず軍艦で門司・田ノ浦の沿岸を砲撃させた。
- In the area of Kokura City, he began the attack by commanding his warships to fire cannons at the coast of Moji and Tanoura.
- 大砲2門を奪取するなど、当時の新聞に報道されるほどの活躍をしている。
- He played an important role, as it was even reported in newspapers of those days that he had captured two big guns.
- 辻堂村西部は、大日本帝国海軍の横須賀海軍砲術学校辻堂演習場となった。
- The western part of Tsujido Village became the Tsujido maneuvering range of the Yokosuka naval gunnery school of the Imperial Japanese Navy.
- 3000石 - 鉄砲5丁、弓3張、鑓15本持鑓共、馬上4騎(旗1本)
- 3000 koku - five Muskets, three Bows, fifteen Spears including spears owned by Mounted Warriors, four Mounted Warriors (one Banner)
- 4000石 - 鉄砲6丁、弓4張、鑓20本持鑓共、馬上6騎(旗2本)
- 4000 koku - six Muskets, four Bows, twenty Spears including spears owned by mounted warriors, six Mounted Warriors (two Banners)
- 戦後砲台の武装解除を行い、取り外した武器等を戦利品として鹵獲している。
- In the aftermath, Japan disarmed the gun battery, and confiscated these arms as spoils of war.
- 『戦国鉄砲 傭兵隊』によると、雑賀衆同士が戦った可能性を示唆している。
- 'Sengoku Teppo Yoheitai' (Warring Guns - The Mercenary Force) introduces the possibility that the members of Saikashu fought each other.
- 砲艦外交を最大限推し進めながら、実際には戦争をできるだけ回避すること。
- They pushed forward with gunboat diplomacy as much as possible, while actually avoiding war as much as possible.
- 当時の軍隊には鉄砲の一斉射撃や速射に高い威嚇効果があった可能性が高い。
- It is highly likely that salvo and rapid firing had a great menacing effect on the army of the time.
- だが200挺の鉄砲や大鉄砲を有しており、抵抗は激しく武田軍を苦しめた。
- Equipped with 200 teppo and demi-cannons, it fiercely resisted and tormented the Takeda forces.
- 久坂玄瑞が率いる光明寺党の党首として下関における外国船砲撃に参加した。
- He participated in the attack of the foreign ship in Shimonoseki as the head of Komyo-ji Party lead by Genzui KUSAKA.
- 近江国国友(滋賀県長浜市国友町)の幕府の御用鉄砲鍛冶職の家に生まれた。
- He was born to a teppo (gun) smith family patronized by the Shogunate in Kunitomo of the Province of Omi (Kunitomo, Nagahama City, Shiga Prefecture).
- 5月10日、長州藩は攘夷を実行して関門海峡を通過する外国船を砲撃した。
- On May 10, the Choshu clan executed joi and attacked foreign ships passing Kanmon-kaikyo Strait with gunfire.
- そこで幕府軍は城方に心理的圧力をかけるべく、昼夜をとわず砲撃を加えた。
- The bakufu side attacked with gunfire day and night in order to put psychological pressure on the shirogata (people in the castle).
- 25歳で再び江戸に出大木衷城に蘭書を学んだほか洋式砲術の研究を深めた。
- He moved again to Edo at the age of 25, and studied Dutch from, Chujo OKI (大木衷城) as well as enhanced the research of foreign gunnery.
- 運動エネルギー兵器(銃砲を除く。)若しくはその発射体又はこれらの部分品
- Kinetic energy weapons (excluding firearms) or projectiles, or parts thereof
- 5000石 - 鉄砲10丁、弓5張、鑓25本持鑓共、馬上7騎(旗2本)
- 5000 koku - ten Muskets, five Bows, twenty-five Spears including spears owned by mounted warriors, seven Mounted Warriors (two Banners)
- また根来衆と通称される強力な僧兵武力を擁し、大量の鉄砲を装備していた。
- In addition, it held a strong military force of armed priests which were commonly called Negoro shu and equipped with a large amount of guns.
- 鉄砲傭兵集団としてその名を知られた雑賀衆、根来衆の得意スタイルである。
- It was a special style of Saiga-shu and Negoro-shu (a group of armed priests in Negoro-ji Temple), known as groups of gun mercenaries.
- 日本各地に鉄砲隊と称しイベント時に火縄銃で空砲をうつ団体が多数できた。
- Many groups appeared in various parts of Japan, that shot blanks using a hinawaju in the event, calling themselves musket troops.
- 近世の城郭に建てられた矢や鉄砲を発射するための重層または単層の建造物。
- A multi story or single story building for firing arrows or guns which was constructed at an early modern castle.
- 交渉の停滞に業を煮やした日本側は砲艦外交を行うことを日本政府に上申した。
- The Japanese got angry about the stagnation of negotiations, and they asked the Japanese government to resort to the gunboat diplomacy.
- 『國友鐵砲鍛冶由緒書』、『國友紀行』には1544年(天文13年)に伝来。
- 'Kunitomo Teppo Kaji Yuishosho' and 'Kunitomo Kiko' mention that the introduction of guns into Japan was in 1544.
- 明治2年(1869年)、鹿児島常備隊がつくられたとき、砲兵隊長となった。
- In 1869, when the Kagoshima regular army was assembled, Murata became a leader of an artillery unit.
- 9歳で父に代わって藤兵衛と名乗り、17歳で鉄砲鍛治の年寄脇の職を継いだ。
- He succeeded the 'Tobei' name from his father at age 9, and at 17, he inherited the position of toshiyoriwaki.
- その解説書として「気砲記」を著し、後には20連発の早打気砲を完成させた。
- He wrote 'Kihoki' as an instruction manual, and later he completed the 20 repeater kiho.
- 襖で仕切られた部屋3室と、虎の毛皮、女物の衣裳、鉄砲のセットが2つ必要。
- Three rooms divided by fusuma, two sets of tiger fur, female costumes and musket are required to play.
- 江戸時代には一つの備に二組の鉄砲組が配される様になり、足軽の主力となる。
- During the Edo period, there were two teppo gumi placed within one sonae, and they became the principal force of the foot soldiers.
- またその使用時には刀も鉄砲も火花を散らす事も鉄火を意味するようになった。
- It also came to mean swords and guns throwing off sparks in a battle.
- 海苔半枚で巻いた「細巻き」が本来であり、その形から「鉄砲」とも呼ばれた。
- The thin sushi roll wrapped by a half-size dried laver was the quintessential nori-maki and called 'teppo' (literally, gun) from its shape.
- 砲撃が止むと同時に薩軍の出張本営七本のみに攻撃目標を絞り、一斉に突撃した。
- Immediately after the bombardment, the force charged the Satsuma army's temporary headquarters in Nanamoto all at once as a single target.
- これにより阿久里は延宝6年(1678年)より赤穂藩の鉄砲州上屋敷へ移った。
- Therefore, Aguri moved into Tepposu kamiyashiki in Ako Domain in 1678.
- 薩英戦争では西欧列強の軍事力に衝撃を受け、幕臣江川英龍の塾にて砲術を学ぶ。
- In the Anglo-Satsuma War, he was shocked by the military forces of the powerful countries in Western Europe and started to learn about gunnery in the school of Hidetatsu EGAWA, a shogun's retainer.
- 父 大山綱昌(薩摩藩士西郷隆充の次男、薩摩藩士大山綱毅の養子。砲術専門家)
- His father: Tsunamasa OYAMA (the second son of Takamitsu SAIGO, a feudal retainer of the Satsuma clan, adopted by Tsunatake OYAMA, a feudal retainer of the Satsuma clan, an expert of gunnery)
- 騎兵は与力や旗本である御目見以上の小普請組から、砲兵は同心から編成された。
- The horse soldier troops were composed of Kobushin-gumi in the rank over omemie such as yoriki (a police sergeant) or hatamoto, while artillery was composed of doshin (a police constable).
- いずれも宗教上の問題以外に硝石、新式鉄砲等の貿易の利ざやがあったとされる。
- Whether those theories are true or not, each has an issue of profit brought about by trading of niter, new guns and so on in addition to religious issues.
- 会津藩士で砲術指南役の山本権八の長男として若松城近くの武家屋敷に生まれる。
- He was born at a samurai residence near the Wakamatsu-jo Castle as the oldest son of Gonpachi YAMAMOTO who served as a gunnery instructor in the Aizu Domain.
- 剣術、砲術、弓術、馬術、日本泳法等の日本武術について一流の域に達していた。
- He was an expert in the Japanese martial arts of swordplay, gunnery, archery, equestrian art, and Japanese swimming.
- 根来寺・・・津田流砲術の開祖・津田算長をはじめ、強力な火縄銃隊で知られる。
- Negoro-ji Temple; it was well-known for its mighty harquebus corps including Kazunaga TSUDA, the founder of Tsuda school of gunnery.
- また島津軍が大量の鉄砲を防御に使用し、効果を挙げたことも大きな要因である。
- In addition, using a great amount of guns as defense to increase the strength of Shimazu army became a great factor contributing to victory.
- 戦国時代 (日本)、弓矢の達人と鉄砲の達人が相撃ち死したと言う伝承がある。
- There is a legend that an archery master and a gun master killed each other due to aiuchi in the Sengoku period (the period of Warring States).
- しかし、織田軍の鉄砲数と三段撃ちに記述されるように三段撃ちは実在が疑わしい。
- As has been mentioned in the section 'The Oda Force's 3,000 teppo and Sandan Uchi,' we do not know if the tactics was really employed.
- しかし、嘉隆はこれをあしらうように応戦し、大砲も使って敵船の多くを撃沈した。
- In the face of this attack, however, Yoshitaka kicked back and sank a lot of opponent ships with cannons.
- 『戦国鉄砲 傭兵隊』によると根来衆経由で雑賀衆に持ち込まれたと思われている。
- According to 'Sengoku Teppo Yoheitai,' guns are believed to have been brought to Saikashu through Negoroshu.
- 装備に劣る長州はここでも敗れ、長州藩は窮地に陥った(四国艦隊下関砲撃事件)。
- The Choshu clan lost due to their inferior equipment, and got into trouble (the Battles of Shimonoseki).
- 9月24日午前4時、官軍砲台からの3発の砲声を合図に官軍の総攻撃が始まった。
- At 4 AM of September 24, the government army started attacking en masse, when batteries of the government army consecutively fired three times as a signal.
- 秋田藩小貫家には、剣術・砲術等の免許皆伝書などの多くの古文書が残存している。
- Many ancient documents remained, such as documents that proved full proficiency in the swordplay or gunnery in the Onuki family of Akita Domain.
- 柴五郎は当時砲兵中佐の階級にあり、北京公使館付武官として清朝に赴任していた。
- Goro SHIBA held the rank of lieutenant colonel of artillery, and was transferred to the post of military officer of the Beijing legation in the Qing Dynasty.
- 藩主堀田正睦の洋学気風もあり、藩命でオランダ語、英語の他、洋学や砲術を学ぶ。
- The lord of the domain, Masayoshi HOTTA had a keen interest in Western studies, and under the domain's command, Sen studied Dutch, English, Western studies, and Gunnery.
- 日本で初めて大砲(当時は国崩しと呼んだ)を使ったのは、宗麟であったとされる。
- It was said to be Sorin that used a cannon (called Kunikuzushi at that time) for the first time in Japan.
- たとえば弓,鉄砲,石つぶてといった投射兵種、荷駄や黒鍬といった支援兵種など。
- They are, for example, soldiers using artillery including a bow, a gun, gravel, and supportsoldiers such as cargo handling and utility work.
- 10000石 - 鉄砲20丁、弓10張、鑓50本持鑓共、馬上14騎(旗□本)
- 10000 koku - twenty Muskets, ten Bows, fifty Spears including spears owned by mounted warriors, fourteen Mounted Warriors (Banners)
- 江戸鉄砲洲に住み、幕末に肥後高瀬(熊本県玉名市)に移ったため高瀬藩とも言う。
- The family lived in the Cannon Sandbar in Edo and moved to Higo, Takase (Tamana City, Kumamoto Prefecture) in the end of Edo period, therefore they are also called as the Takase clan.
- また、幕末期には海防が重視され、藩内に大砲28門、砲台築造などが行なわれた。
- In the last days of Tokugawa Shogunate, naval defense became a priority, and 28 guns and gun emplacements were constructed in the domain.
- そのうえで、海軍陸戦隊と海兵隊大日本帝国陸海軍を上陸させて第2砲台を放火した。
- Then they sent Naval Landing Forces and Marine Corps and Landing Forces of the Empire of Japan to set fire to the second gun battery.
- ただ、先述のように信長がこの合戦に大量の鉄砲を持ち込んだことは疑いようがない。
- As has been mentioned, however, there is no doubt that Nobunaga deployed a large number of teppo in the battle.
- キリスト教が伝来して信者を集め、鉄砲などの最新技術が瞬く間に全国へと普及した。
- Christianity was introduced, gathering devotees, and the newest technology, such as guns, spread around the country instantly.
- まず織田信長軍の鉄砲隊が有岡城に乱射し、次いで弓 (武器)隊が町屋を放火した。
- At first, musket troops of Nobunaga ODA fired at random at Arioka-jo Castle and shooting units set fire to townhouses.
- 武田方が攻めてくる前提で陣城を築き鉄砲を大量に配置したことは理にかなっていた。
- It was logical that he built the field fortification where his army was based and deployed a large number of gunners, foreseeing the advancement of the Takeda force.
- 1864年、新選組に加盟して七番大砲組に属し、翌1865年には伍長をつとめた。
- In 1864, he joined the Shinsengumi and belonged to the Nanaban Ozutsu gumi (seventh platoon in charge of cannon), and in 1865, he held the position of corporal.
- 文久3年(1863年)、薩英戦争に参加した後、江戸で砲術を学び、皆伝を受けた。
- After participating in the Anglo-Satsuma War in 1863, he studied gunnery in Edo, and was conferred full proficiency.
- 大隈家は、知行300石を食み石火矢頭人(砲術長) を務める上士の家柄であった。
- The family lineage of Okuma was that of Joshi (superior warrior) who got a fiefdom of 300 koku and worked as Ishibiya-tonin (captain of gunnery).
- 実際、鉄砲隊とは名ばかりで、地役人や臨時の江戸詰め藩卒として動員されたりした。
- In reality, 'firearm unit' was merely a name, and the group was mobilized as locally-hired officers and low-ranking samurai from a domains working in Edo.
- In reality, it was a fusilier regiment in name alone and its members were mobilized to serve as local officials lower ranking samurai to work on an ad-hoc basis in Edo (now modern day Tokyo).
- 城兵は石・弓・鉄砲を放ちながら討って出て、寄手の先鋒細川勢と激戦を繰り広げた。
- The castle soldiers went out of the castle, throwing stones and shooting with bows and guns and fought with the Hosokawa troops, the vanguard of yosete.
- これに江戸時代に入ると日本独特と云われる大筒抱え打ちの業(大鉄砲)が加わった。
- In the Edo period, the art of underarm firing of Japanese artillery, which was unique to Japan, was included.
- 逆に武田軍はそれまで雑賀や根来のような鉄砲隊を主力とした軍隊と戦った経験はない。
- The Takeda force, on the other hand, had never fought with the armies like Zaiga and Negoro where teppo units played a central part.
- 大砲は計100門あり、臨戦態勢をとりながら、勝手に江戸湾の測量などを行い始めた。
- With 100 cannons aboard the squadron, Perry and his soldiers began to survey Edo Bay while readying themselves for action.
- 陸軍省大日記 明治10年 「大日記 砲兵本支廠工兵各方面 1月木 陸軍省第1局」
- In 1877: The Diary of the Department of War: '大日記 砲兵本支廠工兵各方面 1月木 陸軍省第1局'
- その会同の最中、榎本艦隊旗艦開陽丸が、賓客の来訪を歓迎する21発の礼砲を撃った。
- During the meeting, Enomoto Fleet's flagship Kaiyomaru fired a twenty-one-gun salute to welcome the visit of guests.
- 装薬が充填され信管が取り付けられている尖頭砲弾を使用し、当時最強の火力を有した。
- It had the most powerful firing ability of its day, using steeple skull ammunition and a detonation cord loaded with powder charge.
- 文久3年(1863年) 佐賀藩の反射炉で初の国産アームストロング砲を完成させる。
- In 1863, he completed the first domestic Armstrong Cannon by using a reverberatory furnace installed in the Saga Domain.
- また、江川や高島秋帆の技術を取り入れつつ大砲の鋳造に成功し、その名をより高めた。
- Shozan did great service as he succeeded in casting a cannon by absorbing techniques from Egawa and Shuhan TAKASHIMA.
- この徒組等への訓練は、講武所設置後には、その中の砲術習練所へと移って続けられた。
- The location of training to them was changed to the gunnery training center in Kobu sho after the establishment of Kobu sho and the training to them was carried on.
- また、山頂には旧陸軍の砲台跡なども残っており、近代史の探訪も兼ねることができる。
- Remains of a gun battery of the Imperial Army of Japan on the mountaintop tell a bit of Japan's modern history.
- 日本の火縄銃は、米沢筒や関流砲術仕様の銃等、鉄製のものもあるが殆どは木製である。
- Some of the Japanese flintlock guns, such as Yonezawa-zutsu or guns used by Kanryu School of Shooting had ramrods made of steel but most ramrods were made of wood.
- しばしば鉄砲を有効に活用したとされる織田軍も、雑賀衆の鉄砲の技術と量には苦戦した。
- Although Oda's army was well-known for their effective use of guns, Saikashu's gun-handling skills and the amount of guns they possessed troubled the Oda's army.
- 種子島に鉄砲の製造法が伝来すると、根来衆に続いて雑賀衆もいち早く鉄砲を取り入れた。
- Saikashu, following the Negoroshu, adopted the use of guns as soon as the manufacturing of guns was introduced into Tanegashima.
- しかしこれらの鉄砲をどのようにして用意できたのか、現在に至り明確には解っていない。
- However, what made it possible for Negoroshu to supply these guns is still unclear today.
- 東京は、開港場ではないが、開市場として1869年築地鉄砲洲に外国人居留地を設けた。
- Tokyo was opened not as a port, but as a market; in 1869, a foreign settlement was established in Tsukiji Teppozu.
- まもなく熊本鎮台から派遣された偵察隊が別府の隊に発砲し、西南戦争の実戦が始まった。
- In the meantime, the reconnaissance party dispatched from Kumamoto Garrison fired at the troops of BEPPU; here, actual fighting of the Seinan War began.
- 官薩両軍の戦いは激しく、三好少将が銃創を負ったほどの銃砲撃戦・接戦がおこなわれた。
- The battle between the government army and the Satsuma army was so fierce that it turned out to be gunfights and close combats in which Major General MIYOSHI got a gunshot wound.
- 斐三郎はやがて明治政府に呼ばれ、日本軍の鉄砲製造などを含め科学方面の指導者となる。
- Ayasaburo was later called by the Meiji government and became a leader in the science field including manufacturing guns for Japanese army.
- 兵数において劣るものの、明智軍は当時の織田軍団では最も鉄砲運用に長けていたと言う。
- The Akechi army was said to be most skillful with guns among the ODA troops in those days, though it was inferior in number of soldiers.
- 城塞の技術は、15世紀 - 16世紀の火薬、大砲、銃の活躍によって大きく変化した。
- Fortress construction technology changed greatly with the advance of explosives, cannons and guns in the fifteenth to sixteenth centuries.
- 装備は槍が主であるが、他にも弓や鉄砲などを奉公人に持たせる事で様々な武器を扱った。
- They were equipped mainly with spears, but other than that they handled various weapons by letting the servants carry guns and bows and arrows.
- 楯板で厳重な防備が施され、大鉄砲や大砲など強力な武装が取り付けられるようになった。
- Strong shield boards and powerful weapons such as odeppo (big gun) and cannons came to be equipped on the battle ships.
- 鉄炮記(てっぽうき、鐵炮記)は、江戸時代のに成立した鉄砲伝来に関わる歴史書である。
- Teppoki (Gun Chronicle) is a history book concerning the transmission of guns to Japan, and was completed in 1606 during the Edo period.
- 横須賀海軍砲術学校辻堂演習場は太平洋戦争後は在日米海軍辻堂演習場として接収された。
- The Tsujido maneuvering range of the Yokosuka naval gunnery school was requisitioned as the Tsujido maneuvering range of the US Navy in Japan after the Pacific War.
- 根来・雑賀の鉄砲衆は、その質量両面において戦国時代随一の鉄砲隊だったと言ってよい。
- It can be said that the unit of gun fighters of Negoro and Saiga shu was the strongest both in quality and quantity in the Sengoku period.
- しかし、明治以降一部の流派は祭礼の行事として残り空砲による発砲演武が行われてきた。
- However, some of the schools remained as festival features in the Meiji period; demonstrations of gunfire were conducted by using blank shots.
- そのため、急ぎ雲楊へ帰艦し江華島砲台を破壊、永宗城島の要塞を占領した、とされてきた。
- So he hurriedly came back to the Unyo and attacked and destroyed the gun batteries of the Island; then, he occupied the fort of the EisoJoto island.
- このため西郷軍は、その地にあった官軍の食糧、弾薬3万発、砲一門を奪うことに成功した。
- Therefore, Saigo's forces succeeded in looting the food, 30,000 rounds of ammunition, and a cannon of the government army.
- そして雨の中、二股の横平山の砲兵陣地から田原坂一帯に未だかつてない大砲撃を開始した。
- In the rain, the government army made unprecedented heavy artillery attack from the artillery position on Mt. Yokohira in Futamata toward the whole area of Tabaru Slope.
- 16時間にも及ぶ砲撃・銃撃戦であったが、結局、薩軍は官軍を破れず、末吉へと退却した。
- The battle with artillery and guns continued for as long as 16 hours, but the Satsuma army was unable to defeat the government army after all and retreated to Sueyoshi.
- 斉彬の死後は弟の久光の側近となり、引き続き集成館事業に携わり、大砲・火薬製造を担当。
- After the death of Nariakira, he became a close aide to Nariakira's younger brother, Hisamitsu, and continuously engaged in the Shuseikan business and in charge of manufacturing cannons and gunpowder.
- (弓術、剣術、柔術、砲術、兵学等の流派となって「武士のたしなみ」として修練された。)
- (The schools were established as schools in the art of Japanese archery, swordplay, jujutsu, gunnery, and military science, and were practiced as 'essential disciplines of warriors.')
- しかし、鉄の加工技術が鍛造中心だった日本では鋳造製の大砲を製造する事が困難であった。
- However, in Japan, where iron was mainly processed by hammering, it was difficult to produce cannons.
- そのため、薩摩藩邸の浪人と庄内藩士は対立し、浪人が庄内藩邸に発砲する事件が発生した。
- Ronin congregated at the Satsuma Clan residence and the Shonai Clan retainers consequently were in confrontation with one another, transpiring an incident where the former opened fire at the Shonai Clan residence.
- ゲーベル銃隊を率いる池内蔵太が空砲で威嚇し、吉村寅太郎が率いる槍隊が裏門から突入した。
- Kurata IKE, who led the Gewehr gun corps, threatened by firing blanks, while the spear corps led by Torataro YOSHIMURA entered from the rear gate.
- 鉄砲技術を算長が関西に持ち込んだ事によって、紀伊・堺市などは鉄砲の大量生産国となった。
- Because Kazunaga introduced gunnery to Kansai region, Kii Province, typically Sakai City, became a place of mass production of guns.
- その援護のもと奇兵隊・報国隊を上陸させ、幕軍の砲台、火薬庫を破壊し幕府軍を敗走させた。
- With this support, he landed Kiheitai and Hokokutai troops and destroyed the gun battery and magazine of the shogunate, whose army then took flight.
- ここでも押し寄せる上方勢に城兵の鉄砲という図式は変わらず、寄手の負傷者は多数に上った。
- There was the same pattern where the castle soldiers shot the Kamigata army with guns, and many soldiers of yosete were injured.
- しかし、戦争末期には日本各地で連合国軍の空襲や艦砲射撃が苛烈を極め多くの弓道場が焼失。
- However, toward the end of the war, air raids and naval gunfire by the Allied Forces became fierce in various parts of Japan, and many Kyudo dojo burned down.
- 火縄銃(ひなわじゅう、英語:matchlock gun)は、初期の鉄砲の形態のひとつ。
- Hinawaju (English: matchlock gun) is one form of gun in early times.
- 近年の研究によって、戦場では、弓矢、鉄砲につぐ兵器として、盛んに使われたとされている。
- According to the recent research, next to a bow and allow and a firearm, the sling was considered to be frequently used.
- しかしながら、今では「鉄砲」というとワサビ入りのカンピョウ巻きのことを指す場合が多い。
- However, nowadays, the term 'teppo' is mostly used for indicating the kanpyo-maki with wasabi.
- 優れた射手を養成すると共に鉄砲を有効的に用いた戦術を考案して優れた軍事集団へと成長する。
- Saikashu grew as an eminent military force by producing skilled shooters and designing tactics which made use of guns most efficiently.
- 通説である鉄砲3000丁というのは小瀬甫庵本『信長記』や池田本『信長公記』が出典である。
- The standard account of the 3,000 teppo is based on 'Nobunagaki' (The Record of Nobunaga) by Hoan OZE and 'Shinchoko-ki' (Biography of Nobunaga ODA) owned by the Ikeda family.
- しかし、鉄砲を主力とする守戦を念頭に置いていたため、武田の騎馬隊を誘い込む狙いであった。
- Keeping in mind his strategy in which the teppo units would play a central role, he also attempted to decoy Takeda's cavalry into it.
- 帰郷した村田は桐野利秋・篠原国幹らと私学校を創立して、砲隊学校・章典学校の監督となった。
- At his hometown, Murata built the Shigakko (school mainly for warriors) with Toshiaki KIRINO and Kunimoto SHINOHARA and became a director of Hotai (army troop) school and Shoten school (school for children).
- このとき彼が築いた久良砲台(愛南町久良)は当時としては最高の技術を結集したものとされる。
- The Hisayoshi gun battery (Hisayoshi, Ainan Town) built by Choei during this period is reputed to be the crystallization of the best technology of that time.
- 同年のアメリカ軍艦による江華島砲撃事件(辛未洋擾)ともあいまって朝鮮側は態度を硬化した。
- Coupled with the attacks by the U. S. naval forces on Ganghwa Island (the Shinmiyangyo or the U. S. Korean Expedition), it hardened Korea's attitude.
- 青年時には高島流砲術など火薬に関する勉学を修めたところを島津斉彬に認められ、側近となる。
- As a youth, his study about gunpowder such as the Takashima-ryu School gunnery was recognized by Nariakira SHIMAZU, and he became a close aide to Nariakira.
- 嘉永4年(1851年)に江戸で大砲の演習を行ったが、砲身が爆発して周囲から大笑いされた。
- He carried out a military exercise of cannon shooting in 1851, but the barrel of a cannon exploded and he was laughed at.
- 御人数ノ攻入ヲ待ツ處ニ、諸手ヨリツルヘ鉄砲ヲ懸ルヲ聞テ、扨ハ御人数ヲ引揚ラルト見エタリ。
- The troops seemed to have retreated because they learned there was gun troops as the Date army was approaching while Honjo waited for attack from Date.
- 従来、『鉄炮記』の記述により日本への鉄砲伝来は1543年の種子島より始まるとされてきた。
- Traditionally, according to the descriptions of 'Teppoki' (a history book on the introduction of guns), the introduction of a gun to Japan began on Tanega-shima Island in 1543.
- 日本には1543年に種子島に鉄砲伝来したことから、種子島銃あるいは単に種子島と呼ばれた。
- In Japan it was introduced at Tanega-shima Island in 1543 and thus it was called a Tanegashima rifle or simply Tanegashima.
- 藤林宗源の系譜は片桐家の家臣で伝承され、江戸中期に大坂鉄砲組与力の本庄宗敬に伝授された。
- The style of Sogen FUJIBAYASHI was handed down among the retainers of the Katagiri family and in the mi-Edo period, it was passed to Sokei HONJO, yoriki (a police sergeant) to the Osaka Commissioner of Guns.
- この改正に伴い、2008年、民俗技術として最初に「中津川の鉄砲堰製作技術」が選択された。
- Accompanying to the revision, 'Nakatsugawa technique to make a dam to convey wood' was selected first as a folk technology in 2008.
- この部隊単位で考えれば、織田軍の鉄砲が1000丁であったとしても、相対的に相当な数である。
- Even if the Oda family had only 1,000 teppo, this figure can be regarded as significant in relation to the size of each army.
- 備前藩は非常召集を行って大砲5門を以って砲撃、蒸気船二隻は逃走したが、帆船三隻に命中した。
- The Bizen Domain did an emergency call and sent five shots back, hitting the three sailing ships, although the two steamboats escaped.
- さらに、アメリカ独立記念日の祝砲や、号令や合図を目的として、湾内で数十発の空砲を発射した。
- They fired several dozen blanks into the Bay, as both a salute to America's Independence Day and as a message.
- 浅野内匠頭の母方の従兄弟に当たる美濃国大垣藩主戸田氏定も自ら鉄砲州上屋敷へ駆けつけてきた。
- The lord of Ogaki Domain in Mino Province Ujisada TODA, who was a maternal cousin of Asano Takumi no Kami, also came over to the Tepposhu Kamiyashiki.
- 特に江戸から西方へつながる東海道沿いの関所では、女性と鉄砲の通行が厳しい制限を受けていた。
- Restrictions on allowing women and firearms to pass were strict, particularly at the barrier checkpoints along the Tokaido Road from Edo on westwards.
- 根来衆の佐武伊賀守が天文18年(1549年)に鉄砲を習い始める、という記述が見受けられる。
- There is a description that a member of Negoroshu, Iganokami SATAKE, started to learn how to use a gun in 1549.
- よって勅使らは中原らを出獄させ、弾薬製作所・砲台を破壊し、火薬・弾薬を没収して引き揚げた。
- Therefore, the messenger and others made NAKAHARA and others discharged from prison, destroyed factories to manufacture ammunition and batteries, confiscated gunpowder and ammunition, and then left Kagoshima.
- 大垣城を吉政が攻略する際、大砲を撃つ時は城の者に事前通告したという記述がおあん物語にある。
- According to 'The tale of Oan', he gave an advance notice before firing a cannon at people in Ogaki-jo Castle while he was attacking the Castle.
- 1864年(元治元年)砲兵隊を率いて参戦した禁門の変において勲功を挙げ公用人に任ぜられる。
- He distinguished himself during Kinmon Incident in 1864, in which he participated with gun crews, therefore he was appointed as a Koyonin.
- 墳頂部は太平洋戦争末期に削平され、そこに高射砲か対空機銃の砲台の基礎部分の跡が発見された。
- The top of the tomb was flattened out during the end of the Pacific War, and the remains of the base of an antiaircraft gun or an antiaircraft machine gun were found there.
- そんな三船は頻繁に「黒澤の野郎、あいつバズーカ砲でぶっ殺してやる!」ともらしていたという。
- It is said that Mifune often said, 'Kurosawa, the bastard, I will kill him with a bazooka!'
- しかし薩軍の大砲は射程距離が短いためにかなわず、逆に永国寺や人吉城の城下街を焼いてしまった。
- However, the cannonballs of the Satsuma army fell short and rather burnt Eikoku-ji Temple and towns around Hitoyoshi-jo Castle.
- 同時期の米軍艦による江華島砲撃事件(辛未洋擾)ともあいまってますます朝鮮の態度を硬化させた。
- Under the worsening situation created by the attacks by American naval forces on Ganghwa Island (the Shinmiyangyo or the US Joseon Expedition), the Joseons hardened their attitude.
- 本業の鉄砲のほか、「気炮」と呼ばれる蓄気ボンベ式の高性能空気銃や反射望遠鏡の開発で知られる。
- He was known as a teppo smith as well as a craftsman who developed high-performance air guns equipped with a bottle filled with accumulated air pressure called 'kiho' and reflecting telescopes.
- 本丸まで飛来した一発の砲弾は淀殿の近辺に着弾、侍女の身体を粉砕し淀殿を震え上がらせたという。
- One shell which flew to Honmaru landed near Yodo-dono and smashed the body of a maid making Yodo-dono afraid.
- 近年では商品を薄い紙で吊るし、水鉄砲を使いその紙紐を濡らして商品を落とすといった射的もある。
- Recently, some stalls hang the prizes on thin strips of paper and customers use water guns to soak the paper and make the prizes drop.
- 同家中の丸田盛次(丸田九左衛門)に師事して霞流砲術の奥義を極め、関流を称することを許される。
- Seki studied under Moritsugu MARUTA (Kyuzaemon MARUTA)serving for the same family and after mastering the secrets of arts of gunnery of Kasumi school, he was permitted to call his school Seki.
- 26日払暁、狭い小道を進軍してきた天誅組に対して、高取藩兵は大砲と鉄砲を激しく撃ちかけて来た。
- At the dawn of October 8, the soldiers of Takatori Domain shot cannons and guns intensely to Tenchu-gumi which came forward marching on a small path.
- しかし、天狗党は数々の戦闘を経験した精鋭であり、一説には数十門とも言われる大砲を所持していた。
- However, Tenguto was an experienced army and one theory even says that they had dozens of cannons.
- また、信長はこの合戦の直前、参陣しない細川幽斎や筒井順慶などへ鉄砲隊を供出するよう命じている。
- Just before this battle, Nobunaga moreover ordered Yusai HOSOKAWA and Junkei TSUTSUI who did not take part in the battle to provide teppo units for the battle.
- つまり、信長側は無防備に近い鉄砲隊を主力としてこれを守り、武田の騎馬隊を迎え撃つ戦術をとった。
- In other words, Nobunaga's military strategy was to protect the almost defenceless teppo units that functioned as his main force in the battle against the Takeda cavalry.
- 霧の中、砲撃・銃撃を混じえた激戦は、霧が晴れたときには双方の距離10数歩という接近戦であった。
- They fought fiercely with bombardment and rife-shooting in a fog at close quarters so that the distance between them was a little more than 10 steps when the fog cleared.
- 柔道二段、碁も素人二段、そのほか撞球、鉄砲、乗馬、ゴルフ、油絵など何をやっても抜きん出ていた。
- He had a second degree in judo and also a second degree in go (board game of capturing territory) as an amateur, as well as being highly skilled at billiards, gun shooting, horse riding, golf and oil painting.
- 大砲の代替として焙烙火矢や焙烙火矢と呼ばれた擲弾が使用され、江戸時代においても使用されている。
- Grenades which were called horokubiya (cooking-pot fire arrows) or horokubiya (cooking-pot fire arrows) were used instead of cannons, and were still used in the Edo period.
- 将軍の弓 (武器)や火縄銃を持つ部隊と言う意味であるが、その実態は将軍直衛の弓・鉄砲隊である。
- Mochigumi literally means troops for carrying the arrows (weapons) and matchlock guns of a shogun, but in practice they were arrow and musket troops under shogun's direct orders.
- また近衛の責任追及も行われるようになり、砲艦に呼び出され軍部と政府の関係について質問があった。
- Furthermore, as investigations into Konoe's accountability seemed likely to continue, he was summoned to a gunboat and questioned on the relationship between the government and the military.
- 稲富は包囲方に加わっていた砲術の弟子の手引きで逃亡したため、後に忠興の勘気を蒙ることになった。
- Sukenao INADOME, on the other hand, escaped from the residence led by his disciples in artillery who were in the Ishida's army; this aroused the displeasure of Tadaoki HOSOKAWA later.
- 井上左太夫貞高(幕府鉄砲方)と、江川太郎左衛門(当主)と、鉄砲場見廻役(地元住民)で運営した。
- It was managed by Sadayu Sadataka INOUE (the government official of Teppo Kata), Tarozaemon EGAWA (family head) and the patrolmen of the firing range (local residents).
- 現在、鉄砲の技術は長浜八幡宮の祭りに繰り出される曳山(山車)や長浜仏壇の金具に生かされている。
- Today firearm craftsmanship of Kunitomo is exhibited on the portable shrine used during festivals held by Nagahama Hachiman-gu Shrine as well as the metal fixtures adorning the Nagahama Butsudan altar.
- 中国のもので、矢の他に砲弾や石も発射できる床弩のことであるが、特に城壁に固定してある物を指す。
- This is the Shodo made in China which can shoot cannonballs and stones as well as arrows, and especially refers to one fixed on a castle wall.
- それらの中には砲術流派を名乗るものも多いが、それらは藩政時代の伝書からの再興によるものである。
- Many of them claimed to be certain schools of gunnery; they were restored based on the books of secrets written in the period of domain duties.
- 関西では、フグの持つ毒で当たることを転じて「テッポウ」(鉄砲)、これを短くした「テツ」と呼ぶ。
- In the Kansai region, fugu is called 'teppo' (literally, a gun) or 'tetsu' for short, as the sounds for the Japanese words for 'getting shot' and 'being poisoned by pufferfish poison' are the same.
- この流の銃は独自の仕様により、近江国の国友丹波ならびにこの技術を受け継いだ鉄砲鍛冶に特注した。
- As the gun used by this school has unique specifications, special orders were placed with Kunitomo Tanba and the gun smiths who learned the techniques.
- 日本国旗を掲げながら江華島の草芝鎮沖にさしかかった際に、島に設置された第3砲台から砲撃を受けた。
- When they reached the offshore of Chojijin in Ganghwa Island, displaying the national flag of Japan in search of drinkable water, Korean garrison opened fire toward them from the third gun battery placed on Ganghwa Island.
- かつての雑賀衆は滅びた土豪勢力として帰農したり、各地に散らばって鉄砲の技術をもって大名に仕えた。
- Former members of Saikashu returned to farming or settled in other regions to serve daimyo (feudal lords) using their gun-handling ability.
- 他に秩父郡各村小隊長・兵糧方・軍用金集方・弾薬方・銃砲隊長・小荷駄方・伝令使などの役割があった。
- Others included roles such as an element leader in each village in Chichibu County, persons in charge of army provisions, war funds collecting, ammunition, a leader of gunnery troop, provision transporters, messengers and so on.
- また、今川殿の名代として、北条早雲が松平方の西三河の岩津城を攻撃した際に、四方鉄砲を放つとある。
- It also mentions that Soun HOJO shot guns from all directions when he invaded Matsudaira's Iwazu-jo Castle in West Mikawa Province as a representative of Imagawa clan.
- ただ、当時としては最大規模の鉄砲隊の投入、また騎馬隊を防ぐための馬防柵が活躍したのは事実である。
- Yet the fact remains that the then largest teppo units were deployed and the stockade was instrumental in warding off Takeda's cavalry.
- しかし箱館総攻撃の5月11日、旧幕府軍艦「蟠龍丸」の砲弾が朝陽丸の火薬庫に直撃し大爆発を起こす。
- However on May 11, on the day of the all-out attack in Hakodate, the shells fired by a warship of the former bakufu 'Banryu-maru' directly hit the ammunition storage on Choyo-maru and triggered a huge explosion.
- 1869年 銃砲曹少属火薬製造担当に任ぜられ、那珂郡 (筑前国)那珂川町 (福岡県)勤務となる。
- In 1869, he was assigned to Shosakan (Junior clerk) of Juhoso (gunnery division) and became in charge of manufacturing gunpowder, and he started working in Nakagawa-machi, Naka County (Chikuzen Province) (Fukuoka Prefecture).
- 田辺城攻めの際は城に向けては空砲を撃っていたらしく、俗に「谷の空鉄砲」という言葉が伝わっている。
- It looks like he fired blanks at the castle and, therefore, there is a saying 'tani no karadeppo (Tani's blank firing).'
- 以後国友村は豊臣政権の時代まで鉄砲の産地として天下に知られ、中央の管理と庇護を受けることとなる。
- Since then Kunitomo village was known as an area that produced guns until the period of Toyotomi government, being managed and protected by the government.
- 陸軍奉行を長として、その下に歩兵奉行3人と騎兵奉行を置き、歩兵・騎兵・砲兵の三兵戦術を導入した。
- The three members, foot soldier Bugyo, horse soldier Bugyo, and Army Bugyo as a head, were placed, and the three soldiers tactics using foot soldiers, horse soldiers, and artillery were introduced.
- 8月下旬に四条堀川の米屋に鉄砲を持った強盗が押し入り、永倉、斎藤、平山、山野八十八ら5人が出動。
- In late August, a burglar carrying a gun broke into a rice store at Shijo-Horikawa, and five members of the Shinsengumi (Nagakura, Saito, Hirayama and Yasohachi YAMANO) were sent after him.
- 本願寺はこれを迎え討つべく、淡輪(現大阪府岬町)でこの船団を小船で取り囲み、鉄砲や火矢で攻撃した。
- To counterattack it, Hongan-ji Temple encircled the fleet with small ships in Tannowa (now Misaki Cho, Osaka Prefecture) and attacked with guns and flaming arrows.
- 5月11日から13日にかけては、催馬楽山の薩軍と海軍軍艦龍驤との間で大規模な砲撃戦がおこなわれた。
- From May 11 to 13, a heavy bombardment battle was fought between the Satsuma army positioned in Mt. Saibara and the Imperial Navy warship named Ryujo.
- しかし、人数は多くても烏合の衆に過ぎず、少数の高取藩兵の砲銃撃を受けるとたちまち敗走してしまった。
- Despite the large number of warriors, it was for the most part a disorderly crowd, and, as soon as they were shot by warriors of the Takatori clan, they immediately took flight.
- 自ら種子島に渡り、領主・種子島時堯から一丁の種子島銃を買い、職人・芝辻清右衛門に鉄砲を複製させた。
- He traveled to Tanegashima Island and bought a Tanegashima rifle from the feudal lord Tokitaka TANEGASHIMA, and made Seiemon SHIBATSUJI, a craftsman, to reproduce the rifle (teppo).
- 三好方は久米田の戦いで雑賀衆および根来衆の鉄砲で三好義賢を失ったことから、雨を待っていたと伝わる。
- It is said that Miyoshi's army was waiting for the rain because Yoshitaka MIYOSHI was shot by Saikashu or Negoroshu in the battle of Kumeda.
- 足軽部隊は、槍組足軽、弓足軽、鉄砲足軽などに分類され、多くは集団で隊を編制して小頭の指揮に従った。
- Ashigaru units were divided into yarigumi-ashigaru (carrying spears), yumi-ashigaru (carrying bows and arrows), and teppo-ashigaru (carrying firearms), with multiple groups forming units led by a kogashira (a head of small ashigaru group).
- 根来・雑賀の鉄砲もさることながら、一揆や寺社の体現する思想そのものが天下人への脅威だったのである。
- Not only the guns of Negoro and Saiga but also the idea itself which ikki, temples and shrines embodied was a threat against tenkabito.
- ただし銃砲刀剣類所持等取締法や火薬類取締法などに基づく各種規制があるため、競技人口は極めて少ない。
- However, as there are various regulations based on the Firearm and Sword Control Law or the Explosives Control Law and so on, the population of players is very small.
- つまり、大田は全体の正確な鉄砲数を把握していなかったといえ、1500丁は考えうる最低数の数といえる。
- This suggests that Ota did not capture the exact number of teppo, and 1,500 therefore is likely to be a minimum figure.
- しかし日本政府はこれを口実として砲艦外交を押し出し、1876年江華島条約(日朝修好条規)が結ばれる。
- The Japanese government, using the incident as a pretext for gunboat diplomacy, concluded the Treaty of Ganghwa (Japanese-Korea Treaty of Amity) in 1876.
- 種子島氏に伝わる記録には、ポルトガル人により持ち込まれた鉄砲は明治の西南戦争の際に消失したとされる。
- According to a record of the Tanegashima clan, the guns brought by the Portuguese were lost during the Seinan War in the Meiji period.
- やがて鉄砲鍛冶が成立し、戦場における新兵器として火器が導入され、日本の天下統一を左右することになる。
- The gunsmith industry was then established and guns started to be used in the battlefield as a new weapon, even affecting the unification of Japan.
- 6月18日、官軍の山野への進撃に対し、雷撃隊を率いる辺見は砲弾の雨の中、必死に官軍をくい止めていた。
- On June 18, under a rain of shells, HENMI, who led the Raigeki-tai troop, was making desperate efforts to stop the advancement of the government army to Yamano.
- 元治元年(1864年)には久留米藩に帰り、藩の軍艦購入や銃砲の鋳造に携わり、殖産興業等にも貢献した。
- In 1864, he returned to his native Kurume Domain and got involved in the process of purchasing warships and creating guns and cannons for the Domain, contributing to the development of the military industry.
- また国友一貫斎(藤兵衛重恭)は「気砲」と呼ばれる蓄気ボンベ式の空気銃や高性能望遠鏡の開発で知られる。
- Ikkansai KUNITOMO (Tobeshigeyuki) was known for the development of high power telescopes and a compressed gas cylinder air gun called a 'kiho.'
- 砲艦外交や米価騰貴、領事裁判権などいくつもの要因が重複して、朝鮮側の日本への悪感情を蓄積させていった。
- By the gunboat diplomacy, the soaring price of rice, consular jurisdiction, and other factors overlapping, the bad feelings against Japan had been accumulated in Korea.
- 鉄砲伝来は天文 (元号)12年(1543年)8月に鉄砲が種子島に我が国で初めて伝来したと思われている。
- It is believed that guns were first introduced to Tanegashima, Japan in September, 1543.
- その後、全員で政府軍の熊本鎮台(熊本城内)を襲撃し、城内にいた兵士らを次々と殺害し、砲兵営を制圧した。
- After that, all the members attacked the Kumamoto Chindai Army (in Kumamoto Castle) of the government forces, killed soldiers in the castle one after another, and gained control of the artillery barracks.
- 「弥助砲」と呼ばれる大砲を開発するなど、戊辰戦争では新式銃隊を率いて、鳥羽伏見や会津などの各地を転戦。
- He developed a cannon called 'Yasuke cannon' and moved from place to place to fight, such as Toba Fushimi and Aizu, leading a new-style musket unit in the Boshin War.
- 1843年、二条城詰め鉄砲奉行組同心・人見勝之丞(御家人10石3人扶持)の長男として京都市に生まれる。
- In 1843, he was born in Kyoto as the first son of Katsunojo HITOMI (a vassal with 10 Goku crop yield and an annual three-man rice stipend) who served in Nijo-jo Castle as a teppobugyogumi doshin (a constable in firearms section).
- ただ『花の慶次』で秀吉の回想に登場する若き頃の利家は、慶次のような無鉄砲なかぶき者として描かれている。
- However, the young Toshiie who appears in Hideyoshi's recollection in 'Hana no Keiji' is described as a reckless kabukimono just like Keiji.
- 江川英龍のもとでは砲術を学び、勝海舟の神戸海軍操練所では塾頭の坂本龍馬、陸奥宗光らと共に航海術を学ぶ。
- He learned about gunnery while under the supervision of Hidetatsu EGAWA and he learned about seamanship with Ryoma SAKAMOTO, one of the school's managers, Munemitsu MUNE, and others at the Kobe Naval Training Center which was established by Kaishu KATSU.
- 国友藤兵衛能當は、江戸時代まで鉄砲の生産地として栄えた江州国友村の鉄砲師、国友藤兵衛家の鍛冶銘である。
- Kunitomo Tobei Yoshimasa was the name of the smith, the Kunitomo Tobei family that produced teppo (gun) in Goshu Province which flourished as a place of teppo production until the Edo period.
- 翌年、天文台役員の職を辞し、主として砲術書などの訳述に従い、1856年には蕃書調所の教授に迎えられた。
- After resigning the translator of the astronomical observatory the next year, he was mainly engaged in the translation of gunnery books and others and became the professor of Bansho shirabesho in 1856.
- 結果、清国政府は3月15日、辰丸釈放、損害賠償、謝罪礼砲、兵器買収など五ヶ条の要求を入れることとなる。
- As a result, on March 15, the Qing government accepted Japan's five demands including release of Tatsumaru, compensation for damage, ceremonial fire of bombshells and purchase of arms.
- 戊辰戦争時には断髪・男装し、家芸であった砲術を以て奉仕し、会津若松城籠城戦で奮戦したことは有名である。
- She is famous for having worn her hair bobbed, been dressed like a man, rendered service with gunnery, an art handed down from her father to her and fought hard in the battle where Aizu Wakamatsu-jo Castle was besieged, during the Boshin Civil War.
- 第一陣が正面から渡河をするように突出すると、一条方は渡り終えたところに弓矢や鉄砲を浴びせんと後退した。
- When the first unit of the Chosogabe army advanced head-on into the river, the Ichijo army retreated in order to attack the enemy with arrows and bullets as they reached their side of the river.
- 境内に「史跡淀古城戊辰役砲弾貫通跡」の碑と「戊辰役東軍戦死者之碑」、本堂に「東軍戦死者の位牌」を残す。
- On the grounds of the temple remain the monuments 'The site of bullet holes in the historic site of Yodo Castle in the Boshin War,' and 'The monument for the fallen soldiers of the eastern forces in the Boshin War,' and inside the main building there is the 'memorial tablet for the fallen soldiers of the eastern forces.'
- 備中高松城は当時数少なかった低湿地を利用した平城(沼城、ぬまじろ)であり、鉄砲・騎馬戦法にも強かった。
- Bitchu Takamatsu-jo Castle was then one of the few hirajiro or numajiro (castles built on the level ground) which were based on swamps, and was suitable for firearms and cavalry operations.
- 筒井・長谷川・堀勢ら一万五千人が進撃すると、城兵五百余が討って出て横合いから弓・鉄砲で奇襲を仕掛けた。
- When 15,000 troops of Tsutsui, Hasegawa and Hori attacked, more than 500 castle soldiers fought against them and took them in a surprise attack with bows and guns.
- 中国のもので矢の他に砲弾や石なども発射できる大型の機械弓で、西洋ではカタパルトと呼ばれる投石機のこと。
- This is a large machine bow made in China which can shoot cannonballs and stones as well as arrows, and called a catapult in Western countries.
- 元亀2年の河窪信実に宛てた軍役定書でも騎馬3、鉄砲5、持鑓5、長刀5、長柄10、弓2、旗3となっている。
- The Military Conscription Decree addressed to Nobuzane KAWAKUBO in 1571 refers to 3 mounted warriors, 5 teppo, 5 spears, 5 naginata (long-handled swords), 10 pole weapons, 2 bows and 3 standards.
- 次に「鉄砲三段撃ち」であるが、これは映画『影武者 (映画)』のラストシーンにも登場した有名な戦法である。
- Sandan-uchi,' which appears in the last scene of the film 'Kagemusha' (Body Double), is a famous tactics.
- 大久保忠教の『三河物語』では、松平清康が、熊谷が城へ押し寄せた際に、四方鉄砲を打ち込むと記載されている。
- Tadataka OKUBO says in 'Mikawa Monogatari' that Kiyoyasu MATSUDAIRA shot guns from all directions when Sanenaga KUMAGAI's force surged the castle.
- 天正3年(1575年)5月の長篠の戦いでは前田利家、野々村正成、福富秀勝、塙直政とともに鉄砲隊を率いた。
- In the Battle of Nagashino in May 1575, he led firearms troops with Toshiie MAEDA, Masanari NONOMURA, Hidekatsu FUKUTOMI, Naomasa BAN.
- 8月には、イギリス、フランス、アメリカ、オランダの4カ国連合艦隊が下関を砲撃、砲台が占拠されるに至った。
- In September, a combined fleet of warships from four nations — England, France, the United States of America and the Netherlands — attacked Shimonoseki and occupied the gun battery there.
- 鉄砲組2…侍1人、奉公人4人、足軽36人、人夫11人、口取2人(計54人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬2頭(計3頭)
- Teppo gumi 2 - 1 samurai, 4 servants, 36 foot soldiers, 11 laborers, 2 kuchitori (total of 54), 1 cavalry horse and 2 packhorses (total of 3 horses).
- その他に旗~鉄砲組~長柄組~弓組~士大将~騎馬隊~小荷駄の例もある(後者から弓組を除いた備も存在する)。
- In addition, there was an example of banner, teppo gumi, nagae gumi, yumi gumi, samurai daisho, cavalry and konida (there also existed sonae in which the yumi gumi was omitted from the latter).
- この方式は銃剣の発明以前であり、発砲を終えた銃兵は有効な戦力ではないから、退避行動を取ったとされている。
- As this method was used before the invention of the bayonet and the fusiliers who shot were not good war potentials, they are said to have retreated.
- 戦国時代以降、日本では近江国の国友、同じく日野、紀州の根来寺、和泉国の堺が鉄砲の主要生産地として栄えた。
- After the Sengoku period in Japan, Kunitomo and Hino in Omi Province, Negoro-ji Temple in Kishu Province and Sakai in Izumi Province flourished as major production areas for guns.
- 勘平は、「自分は猟師だがこういう場所では盗賊と間違われるのも無理はない」と言い、鉄砲を男に渡してしまう。
- Kanpei says, 'I am a hunter, but I can understand why you mistake me for a bandit in a place like this,' and he gives his gun to the man.
- 長州藩はフランス船、オランダ船を砲撃して、意気を大いに揚げ、朝廷からも攘夷決行を称賛する御沙汰が下される。
- Bombarding a French ship as well as a Dutch ship, Choshu Domain greatly raised morale of Joi ha and the Imperial Court gave Choshu Domain words of praise for the decisive action the Domain took.
- 事件は嘉永7年1月23日(1854年2月21日)丑の下刻、洲崎を警護する備前国岡山藩陣地への砲撃であった。
- The incident is said to have occurred at 2:30 a.m. on February 21, 1854, with the bombardment of an encampment in the Okayama Domain, Bizen Province that guarded Susaki.
- 明治政府は12月に黒田清隆を特命全権大使に任命し軍艦3隻などの艦隊をともなって朝鮮に派遣した(砲艦外交)。
- The Meiji Government appointed Kiyotaka KURODA as a plenipotentiary in December and dispatched him to Korea with a fleet including three warships (gunboat diplomacy).
- さらには足利将軍家にも献上されたことなどから、鉄砲製造技術は短期間のうちに複数のルートで本土に伝えられた。
- A matchlock gun was also presented to the Ashikaga shogunate around the same time, indicating that the technology of gun manufacturing was introduced into the mainland through several routes in a short period.
- 石拉子高地の戦闘に参加し金州城を攻略、11月21日に旅順付近の戦闘に参加し翌日には饅頭山の砲台を占領する。
- He took part in the battle of Shilazi Highland and captured Jinzhoucheng; and on November 21, he took part in the battle near to Lushun, and on the next day, captured the gun battery at Mantoushan.
- 救助活動は青森連隊、弘前連隊、更には仙台第5砲兵隊も出動した大掛かりな体制になり、延べ1万人が投入された。
- The rescue effort was large-scale and 10,000 people were involved, including the Aomori Regiment, Hirosaki Regiment and the fifth Sendai Artillery.
- 鉄砲の名手で、朝倉義景に仕官した際、一尺四方の的を25間(約45.5メートル)の距離から命中させたという。
- He was a skillful rifleman who, while serving Yoshikage ASAKURA, hit a 3cm square target from a distance of about 45.5 meters.
- 爆発物(銃砲弾を除く。)若しくはこれを投下し、若しくは発射する装置若しくはこれらの付属品又はこれらの部分品
- Explosives (excluding ammunition), explosive dispensers or launchers, or accessories or parts thereof
- 禁門の変に於いて長州藩兵が御所へ向けて発砲した事等を理由に幕府は長州藩を朝敵として、第一次長州征伐を行う。
- Using the fact that the Choshu loyalists dared to fire their guns in the direction of the Imperial palace during the Hamaguri rebellion as a pretext, the Tokugawa shogunate labeled Choshu domain an official enemy of the Court, and as such launched the First Punitive Expedition against them.
- 「城内より鉄砲を放つこと、平砂に胡麻を蒔くがごとし」という猛烈な射撃により、上方勢は多数の死傷者を出した。
- With such a heavy shooting that it was described as 'the shooting from the castle was like scattering of sesame on sand,' and many soldiers of the Kamigata army were killed.
- 戦場における組討の技術(弓・鉄砲、槍、刀剣の間合いに続く格闘における技術。敵将の首を取ることも行われた。)
- The techniques of kumiuchi at a battleground: While making some space, fighters fought against the opponents with an arrow, a harquebus, a spear, or a sword, and then they used these techniques in a physical combat; by that means, they also cut off the head of the opponents' leader.
- また、当然信長としても鶴翼包囲を予見し、限られた数の鉄砲を両翼に集中的に配置していたと考えるのが自然である。
- Naturally, Nobunaga would have anticipated the two-flanking wings formation to concentrate gunners whose availability was limited on both wings.
- また、武田軍は朝から昼過ぎまで数時間にわたって鉄砲の射程内に留まり、ひたすら掃射を受けていたこともおかしい。
- It is also unlikely that the cavalry stayed within range of the teppo for several hours from morning to early afternoon and was subject to constant gun attacks.
- 天誅組は「御政府」の名で近隣から武器兵糧を集め、松の木で大砲十数門をつくったが、その装備は貧弱なものだった。
- Tenchu-gumi collected weapons and food from neighborhood in the name of 'the government' and made more than 10 canons with pine wood; however, the equipment was poor.
- 城中の糧食が尽きるのを待って陥落させるという長囲策を採る薩軍が対砲戦を主としたので、守城側はそれに苦しんだ。
- The besieged army of Kumamoto Castle was helpless against the Satsuma army, which attacked the castle mainly with counterbattery activities while laying a long drawn-out siege to make the besieged army run out of the provisions and fall.
- またマウリッツは、歩騎砲の三兵が連動して機動戦術を採る事を発案し且つ可能にした軍事家としても評価されている。
- Also, Maurice is highly evaluated as a militarist, who thought up the idea to have three kinds of soldiers; infantry, cavalry and artillery coordinated in order to apply mobile tactics and who actually made the tactics possible.
- (明治維新後に兵学、砲術は滅び、他も衰えたこれらはいったんは体育に向かないと教育制度にとり入れられなかった。)
- (After the Meiji Restoration, gunnery, and military science were abolished, and other schools, which were also diminished, were not adopted in the educational system as they were determined to be unsuitable to be included in physical education classes.)
- 具体的には不平等条約を砲艦外交(軍艦や大砲といった軍事力を背景に行われる恫喝的な外交交渉)によって強制された。
- To be more precise, such countries were forced to accept unequal treaties through gunboat diplomacy (threatening diplomatic negotiation backed with military force such as battleships and cannons).
- 日本庭園に使用される主な竹垣は建仁寺垣、高麗垣、沼津垣、鉄砲袖垣、襖垣、鶯垣、四つ目垣、大徳寺垣、立会垣など。
- Major kinds of takegakis for use in Japanese gardens include Kennin-ji-gaki, Korai-gaki, Numazu-gaki, Tepposode-gaki, Fusuma-gaki, Uguisu-gaki, Yotsume-gaki, Daitoku-ji-gaki, and Tachiai-gaki.
- 内訳 鉄砲組1…侍1人、奉公人5人、足軽36人、人夫11人、口取2人(計55人) 乗馬1頭、駄馬2頭(計3頭)
- Breakdown of teppo gumi 1 - 1 samurai, 5 servants, 36 foot soldiers, 11 laborers, 2 kuchitori (total of 55), 1 cavalry horse and 2 packhorses (total of 3 horses).
- 丹生島城は、宗麟がポルトガルより輸入し「国崩し」と名付けた仏郎機砲(石火矢)の射撃もあり、なんとか持ち堪えた。
- Nyushima-jo Castle managed to sustain itself using Furankiho (Ishibiya) (Ishibiya is literally, stone fire arrow) that Sorin imported from Portugal and called Kunikuzushi (literally, destroying a nation).
- 厳密に言えば270年ほど前に日本には火薬は中国から輸入され原始的な鉄砲と呼ばれる銃は日本国内に存在はしていた。
- Strictly speaking, from around 270 years before that, Japan imported gunpowder from China and primitive guns called teppo (literally, an iron barrel) existed in Japan.
- こうした例に熊本藩の「地筒・郡筒(じづつ・こうりづつ)」の鉄砲隊があり、これは無給に等しい「名誉職」であった。
- An example of this was the 'Jizutsu Korizutsu' firearm unit of Kumamoto Domain, which was essentially an unpaid honorary position.
- これらの知識が新しく登場した特長と弱点を併せ持つ鉄砲の運用に応用された成功したのは、まず間違いはないであろう。
- It is safe to say that this knowledge was applied to the operation using guns which had both newly emerging characteristics and weak points and it succeeded.
- 約束の日である5月10日、長州藩は久坂玄瑞らの指揮の下、関門海峡を通過する外国商船に砲撃を加え、攘夷を決行する。
- On the agreed date of May 10, under the direction of Genzui KUSAKA and others, the Choshu clan attacked foreign vessels crossing the Kanmon Channel with gunfire.
- 明治11年(1878年)海軍軍医に転じ、軍艦「鳳翔 (砲艦)」軍医として韓国に派遣され、韓国人の診療に活躍した。
- In 1878 he became medical officer of the navy and was sent to Korea on the warship (gunboat) 'Hosho'; he did an excellent job in treating Koreans.
- 銃砲若しくはこれに用いる銃砲弾(発光又は発煙のために用いるものを含む。)若しくはこれらの附属品又はこれらの部分品
- Firearms, ammunition therefor (including those used in the emission of light or smoke), or accessories or parts thereof
- 行軍時における備の隊列は前述における旗~鉄砲組~長柄組~騎馬隊~士大将~弓組~小荷駄の順番で組まれたものがある。
- As mentioned before, sonae formation during a military march consisted of banner, teppo gumi, nagae gumi, cavalry, samurai daisho, yumi gumi and konida.
- 1575年長篠の戦いに織田、徳川軍が鉄砲の力を利用して武田軍を破ると1582年徳川軍は武田領の遠江、駿河を得た。
- When troops of Oda and Tokugawa defeated the troops of Takeda in the Battle of Nagashino in 1575 thanks to the power of guns, the troops of Tokugawa obtained Totomi and Suruga, which were territories of Takeda, in 1582.
- 『鉄炮記』の記述は詳細で、種子島への鉄砲伝来に関しての史料が他にないこともあり伝来説の根本史料として利用される。
- Both because the description given in the 'Teppoki' is very detailed and because no other historical record describing the transmission of guns on Tanegashima island exists, the Teppoki is used as the source document for the transmission theory.
- 稜堡式の土塁と砲台を構築した松前藩の戸切地陣屋(北海道上磯町)のように、限定的に軍事機能を持たせることもあった。
- Some jinya had limited military functions such as Hekirichi Jinya of the Matsumae Domain (Kamiiso-cho, Hokkaido Prefecture) which had dorui and gun batteries in ryoho-shiki style (a style based on the fortification of Vauban in France).
- 鉄砲の伝来と共に戦場では使われなくなった武術の薙刀術のうち女薙刀が、明治末から大正にかけて女子の武道として発展。
- With a harquebus introduced in Japan, naginata wielding techniques became rarely used on the battlefield, but from the last days of the Meiji period to the Taisho period, they were partially revived as a martial art for women, and this was called 'onna naginata' (women's naginata).
- 孫一が歴史から名を消した後、豊臣家の鉄砲頭として孫一の兄弟とも子ともいわれる鈴木重朝の活躍が見られるようになる。
- After Magoichi's name disappeared from history, Shigetomo SUZUKI, who is said to have been either Magoichi's brother or son and served as a head of the artillery for the Toyotomi family as well, began to show active performance.
- 毎年、愛知県新城市の「長篠合戦のぼりまつり」において、米沢藩古式砲術保存会・長篠設楽原鉄砲隊と競演で演武を行う。
- Every year in the 'Nagashino Banner Festival' held in Shinshiro City, Aichi Prefecture, they conduct a demonstration of gunfire together with the Preservation Society of Traditional Gunnery of Yonezawa Domain and the Nagashino Shitaragahara Musket Corps.
- 過去に織田軍も雑賀鉄砲隊との戦いで、雑賀軍が狙撃主を秘匿するために行った囮の空砲の速射で大混乱に陥ったことがある。
- In the battle with the Saiga teppo units, the Oda army was also thrown into a chaos by blanks rapidly fired by the enemy to hide their snipers.
- また、鉄砲の時間差を見越して断続的に攻撃を仕掛けたが、織田軍の時間ロスを減らした三段撃ちによって被害を拡大させた。
- Another explanation is that the Oda army's sandan-uchi which compensated for the teppo's slow reloading did greater damage to the Takeda forces which made intermittent attack, anticipating the delay in firing.
- 「鉄砲」とは日本においてはじめは火縄銃をさす言葉として使われ、後に小銃から大砲まで火器一般を意味する名称となった。
- In Japan, while the term 'teppo' was first used only for matchlock guns, the term later referred to general firearms including rifles and cannons.
- 山口修弘は果敢に出撃してしたたかに前田勢に被害を与えたが前田勢の鉄砲隊の一斉射撃を受けて、やむなく城内に退却する。
- Nagahiro YMAMGUCHI valiantly made a sortie and did damage to the MAEDA force, but he was saluted with a volley from the gun squad of the MAEDA force and he was forced to retreat to the castle.
- 安政3年(1856年)4月に開場された講武所では、古来の剣術などだけでなく、西洋式の砲術や戦術学の研究も行われた。
- In the Kobu jo which opened in April 1856, not only ancient swordplay but also the western-style gunnery and tactics were studied.
- 日本の戦国時代から江戸時代においては備ひとつに対し、鉄砲組(20 - 50名)を1、2組配しているのが基本である。
- From the Sengoku period to the Edo period in Japan, for one troop, one or two group(s) of matchlock infantry (20 to 50 members) were positioned.
- 『信長公記』では鉄砲奉行5人に指揮を取らせたとだけ書いてあり、具体的な戦法、つまり三段撃ちを行ったという記述はない。
- 'Shinchoko-ki' does not refer to a specific tactics, i.e., sandan-uchi although it mentions that five Teppo Bugyo (Commissioners) assumed command.
- 日本政府が示威で江華島沖に送った軍艦雲揚 (軍艦)から出た小船に江華島の砲台から発砲、雲揚が「応戦」した事件である。
- The incident occurred when a Japanese battleship, the Unyo, sent a small boat to Ganghwa Island as a demonstration of strength by the Japanese government and was attacked by cannon from Ganghwa Island whereupon the battleship 'returned' fire.
- 1966年『砲艦サンパブロ (The Sand Pebbles (film))』でアカデミー助演男優賞にノミネート。
- In 1966, he was nominated for the Best Supporting Actor Academy Award for his performance in 'The Sand Pebbles.'
- 1月29日、政府は鹿児島県にある陸軍省砲兵属廠にあった武器・弾薬を大阪へ移すために、赤龍丸への搬出を秘密裏に行った。
- On January 29, the government secretly carried the arms and ammunition from the arsenal of the Army Ministry in Kagoshima into the ship Sekiryu-maru to transfer them to Osaka.
- しかしながら、これ以降も上述の通り、明治陸軍は諸外国と同様に火力優勢(銃砲火力の優劣が勝敗を決する)を採用している。
- However, as described above, even after this war, the Army in the Meiji period aimed at gaining fire superiority (the policy that the quality of the firepower of guns and artillery decides the war) as in other nations.
- 薩軍は官軍の猛砲撃と、断続的に降り注ぐ雨のため応戦が遅れ、七本では状況が把握できないまま攻撃を受けざるを得なかった。
- In Nanamoto, due to the heavy gunfire from the government army and intermittent rain, the Satsuma army delayed in fighting back and could do nothing but endure the attack without grasping the situation.
- 6月17日、天津にある大沽砲台の攻撃について、清朝は「無礼横行」と非難し、宣戦布告をする重要な動機のひとつとなった。
- The Qing dynasty criticized the attack of Taku Fort at Tianjin as 'impolite rampancy' on June 17 and it became one of the important motives for the proclamation of war.
- 鉄砲製造の起源は、天文 (元号)13年(1544年)、将軍足利義晴より見本の銃を示され作ったのが始まりと伝えられる。
- Firearm production in Kunitomo is reputed to have begun in 1544 when samples were ordered by Shogun Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA.
- 阿部はとりあえず、諸大名へ江戸湾警備を増強すべく、砲撃用の台場造営を命じたほか、11月14日に持ち場の変更を行わせた。
- Meanwhile, he had the daimyos (territorial lords) build forts to strengthen the security of Edo Bay, and on November 14, changed each daimyo's duty post.
- また、鉄砲の重要性を早くから認識しており、日野城下に鉄砲職人を招聘している(従前の刀鍛冶を転職させたという説もある)。
- He recognized the importance of Teppo (gun) since early stage, and he invited a Teppo craftsman to the Hino castle town (there is another theory that he got a swordsmith to change the job).
- 後に桑原頼太郎の変名を用いて長州攘夷派と行動をともにするが、赤間関の砲台視察中に病に倒れ、同地で30歳の生涯を閉じた。
- Even after that, he kept supporting the group of Joi of Choshu Domain calling himself Yoritaro KUWABARA as a disguise; however, while visiting the gun batteries of Akamagaseki, he became sick and died there at the age of 30.
- 特に中心となった長岡藩は郡奉行河井継之助により、兵制改革が進められ、武装も更新されており、、ガトリング砲も有していた。
- The center of the alliance, in particular the Nagaoka Domain, allowed the county magistrate, Tsugunosuke KAWAI, to carry out army reform and to upgrade military equipment, and even possess Gatling guns.
- だが鉄砲隊をある程度集中した部隊として機能させていれば、1度の射撃で部隊単位の戦力を大きく消耗させる事は不可能ではない。
- It would not have been impossible for single firing to do considerable damage to an army if the teppo units had been deployed reasonably intensively.
- 説としては、堺より外国から移入した、地元で作られた、当時は鉄砲作成技術はなく他の地域より職人を招いたなどが言われている。
- There are a variety of theories including that they imported the guns from abroad through Sakai region, that the guns were locally produced, and that craftsmen were invited from other areas as they did not have the technique of producing guns at the times.
- 『國友鐵砲記』には、1501年(文亀元年)、1510年(永正7年)、1539年(天文8年)、の3回に渡り、南蛮から伝来。
- 'Kunitomo Teppoki' states that guns were introduced three times, in 1501, 1510 and 1539 from Western Europe.
- 船上での水葬の際、近藤自身も肩の鉄砲傷がひどく寝込んでいたが、別れを告げるべく正装し代表として追悼の言葉を読んだという。
- At the water burial held on the ship, Kondo is said to go out of the bed to be dressed up and read his message of condolences, although he was also shot and heavily wounded in the shoulder.
- この年横浜ではイギリス軍による幕府への威嚇砲撃があり、本格攻撃を恐れた庶民が江戸から郊外へと一斉に避難する騒ぎがあった。
- In this year, in Yokohama, there was a warning bombardment by the British army against the shogunate and many of the public who were afraid of a full-scale attack suddenly evacuated from Edo to the countryside.
- 清朝が国際法を学び遵守するのであれば、再度大規模な砲艦外交に頼らずに交渉のスムーズ化と安定化を図れると考えたためである。
- This was because they thought that if the Qing dynasty would learn and abide by international law, it would be possible to make negotiation smooth and stabilized without using large-scale gunboat diplomacy again.
- 政宗は事件の時、狩りに出かけていたが急遽戻り、畠山一行を追跡し、父・輝宗もろとも鉄砲を放って一人も残さず殺害したという。
- When this incident occurred, Masamune was out in the field for hunting, but he rushed back to the castle and chased after the entourage of HATAKEYAMA, and shot everyone to death along with his father, Terumune.
- 天正18年(1590年)の小田原攻めには六番隊として参陣し、左備えの大将となった堀秀政の指揮の元で鉄砲隊を供出し戦った。
- During the Battle of Odawara in 1590, he sent a firearm troop to the battle and also fought as a member of the sixth troop under the command of Hidemasa HORI who was General of the Left Army.
- 斡旋案に対し根来衆の間では賛否分かれたが、反対派は夜中に応其の宿舎に鉄砲を撃ちかけ、このため応其は急いで京都に向かった。
- Negoro shu brought on active debate over its pros and cons, but the opposing group shot down the lodgment of Ogo by gun during the night, and as a result, Ogo quickly went to Kyoto.
- 船戦要法28巻を著し、合武三島流軍船学(ごうぶさんとうりゅう)を興した、後にその砲術部門を森重流と呼ばれるようになった。
- He wrote 'the 28 volumes of Funaikusa yoho' (the method of a naval battle) and established naval science of Gobu-Santo school; its section of gunnery was later to be called Morishige school.
- 和平成立後、家康は京都から駿府へ戻り、秀忠も伏見に戻ったが、一方で国友鍛冶に大砲の製造を命じるなど、戦争準備を行っている。
- After pacification was made, Ieyasu returned from Kyoto to Sunpu, and Hidetada to Fushimi, however, on the other hand, they ordered blacksmiths in Kunitomo to manufacture cannons to prepare for war.
- 長崎の役人で砲術家の山本物次郎宅に居候し、オランダ通詞(通訳などを仕事とする長崎の役人)のもとへ通ってオランダ語を学んだ。
- Yukichi lived in the house of Monojiro YAMAMOTO, who was an expert of gunnery and a public servant of Nagasaki, and learned the Dutch language under a Dutch translator, who worked as a Nagasaki official for interpreting and the like.
- ところで、江戸時代に存在した陣屋と呼ばれる施設や、幕末に外国船への対策として日本各地に築かれた台場や砲台も城の一種である。
- The facilities called jinya (regional government office) in the Edo period and forts and gun batteries built in various parts of Japan as a countermeasure against foreign ships were also kinds of castles.
- 第2次世界大戦中には旧日本軍により対空砲の陣地がおかれ、このさいに竪穴式石室の石材(柏原市芝山産)が堀りだされたとされる。
- It is said that the antiaircraft artillery position was taken up by the former Japanese military during World War II, and the building stones (produced in Shibayama, Kashiwabara City) in the vertical stone chamber were dug up at that time.
- 足軽など軽輩の者は、町人地の外側に配されることも多く、現在に残る地名で、番町・弓之町・鉄砲町などがこれにあたることが多い。
- Keihaimono (low-ranked people) such as Ashigaru were placed on the outside of the townsmen district and current place names include Ban-cho, Yumino-cho, and Teppo-cho.
- このため、織田軍の鉄砲隊が大活躍し、逆に武田軍は霧のために戦況を正しく把握することができず損害をいっそう拡大させたとされる。
- Thus Oda's teppo units were active while the Takeda army incurred more casualties because they could not assess the situation of the battle due to the fog.
- 出版社の欄外の解説には、この役は、1506年(永正3年)のことで、鉄砲はこのときないとして、『鉄炮記』の記述を支持している。
- The publisher comments that this battle was in 1506 and guns could not have been used at this time, supporting 'Teppoki'.
- また、諸隊に命じて毎夜三度(酉・戌・寅の刻)、鬨の声を挙げて鉄砲を放たせ、敵の不眠を誘っている(この鬨の声は京まで届いた)。
- Moreover, Ieyasu ordered troops to give a battle cry and shoot teppo (guns) three times every night at torino koku (about 17:00 -19:00)/ino koku (about 19:00 - 21:00)/torano koku (about 3:00-5:00) in order to prevent the enemies from sleeping (the battle cries reached as far as Kyoto).
- また元軍は毒矢・てつはう(鉄火砲)など、日本側が装備しない武器を活用したことにより、各地で日本軍は圧倒されたと言われている。
- It is also said that the Yuan army fought far better, by using weapons that the Japanese army did not have, such as poison arrows and guns.
- 錬度を上げることに熱心で聯合艦隊解散之辞に「百発百中の一砲能(よ)く百発一中の敵砲百門に対抗し得る」という言葉を残している。
- Togo was so enthusiastic about raising the level of firing proficiency that he left the words at the dismissal ceremony of the Combined Fleet, saying, 'One cannon hitting marks one hundred times out of one hundred makes it possible to take countermeasures against enemies' one hundred cannons hitting one time out of one hundred.'
- 築地鉄砲州(現在の明石町 (東京都中央区))で諭吉と同居し諭吉が開いた蘭学塾「一小家塾」(後の慶應義塾)の第1期生となった。
- He lived with Yukichi in Teppozu, Tsukiji (present Akashi-cho, Chuo Ward, Tokyo Prefecture) and became the first member of 'a small private school' of Western studies (the predecessor of Keio Gijuku) opened by Yukichi.
- アヘン戦争の情報などから次第に危機感を覚えた幕府は、高島秋帆や江川英龍らを砲術師範などに登用して西洋式軍備の研究を開始した。
- The bakufu, which gradually developed a sense of crisis as they gained the information on the Opium War, appointed Shuhan TAKASHIMA and Hidetatsu EGAWA to the instructors of gunnery, commencing studies on the western-style armament.
- 物資を貯蔵した倉庫としての役割もあり、糒(ほしいい)を備蓄すれば干飯櫓で、旗指物ならば旗櫓、鉄砲なら鉄砲櫓という城もあった。
- As they also served as a storehouse, yagura where hoshiii (dried cooked rice, dry provisions) was stored might be called Hoshiii Yagura, where hatasashi-mono (battle flags) were stored might be called Hata Yagura, and where rifles were stored might be called Teppo Yagura.
- 鉄砲伝来まで弓矢は最有力の武器であったことから重んじられ、的中と矢の威力を高めるため、技術の発展と道具の改良がなされてきた。
- The bow and arrow was highly valued as the most prevailing weapon in Japan before the introduction of firearms, so technique had been developed and their equipment and strength of the arrow improved to improve the hitting ratio.
- だがその一方で、安土城の築城に延暦寺の職人を利用したり、根来寺の鉄砲を戦争に利用するなど、寺社勢力の高い技術力を活用もした。
- However, they used the advanced technological skills of the jisha seiryoku, for example craftsmen from Enryaku-ji Temple were used to build Azuchi-jo Castle, or rifles made by craftsmen from the Negoro-ji Temple were used in the battle.
- 高島秋帆の西洋砲術、江川英龍(太郎左衛門)の韮山反射炉、勝海舟の長崎海軍伝習所など、幕府洋学は軍事的実学性の強いものであった。
- Bakufu Yogaku such as Western gunnery of Shuhan TAKASHIMA, Nirayama Reverberatory furnace of Hidetatsu (Tarozaemon) EGAWA, and Kaigun Denshu-sho (The Nagasaki Naval Training Center) of Kaishu KATSU were highly practical for military purposes.
- しかし同月末に外国船に反撃され、砲台を占拠されるなど、実際には攘夷の困難さを身をもって知ることとなる(四国艦隊下関砲撃事件)。
- However, the foreign vessels fought back at the end of the same month and occupied the gun battery in Choshu (the Battles of Shimonoseki); actually, this incident provided a good opportunity for the Choshu clan to reconsider how difficult it would be to expel foreigners.
- 長篠の戦いの特筆すべき点として織田家は当時としては異例の鉄砲3000丁を用意し、新戦法三段撃ちを行ったとされるのが有名である。
- What is remarkable about the Battle of Nagashino is that the Oda family famously prepared 3,000 teppo, which was unusual at the time and employed a new tactics called 'sandan-uchi.'
- この旅団は3月19日、艦砲射撃に援護されて日奈久南方の州口及び八代の背後に上陸し、薩軍を二面から攻撃して八代の占領に成功した。
- On March 19, that brigade disembarked at the rear of Sugu, which was south to Hinagu, and at the rear of Yatsushiro, covered by naval bombardment, and succeeded in occupying Yatsushiro by attacking the Satsuma army on both sides.
- そもそも、建築物や軍船のほとんどが木製だったため、衝突力を主な攻撃力とする大砲よりも燃焼力、爆発力を利用した攻撃が有効だった。
- Attacks using explosive force and burning power were more effective than cannons that used colliding force since most of the buildings and warships during this time were made of wood.
- 「どんどん」とは見る間にどんどん焼け広がったさまとも、禁門の変に乗じて発生したことから鉄砲の音から名付けられたとも伝えられる。
- It is said that the word 'Dondon' comes from the appearance of the quickly spreading fire or the sound of gunfire because the fire broke out in the Kinmon Incident.
- 藁鉄砲を使う事例により、東日本における10月10日 (旧暦)に行われる同様の行事、十日夜(とおかんや)との類似性が指摘できる。
- According to some cases using a straw gun, they may be associated with a similar event, tokanya (the night on the 10th day of October) held on October 10 in the east of Japan.
- 砲兵大尉の明治29年10月から翌30年10月まで、台湾総督府軍務局陸軍部課員として、乃木希典が総督を務めていた台湾に赴任をした。
- From October 1896 to October 1897 when he was an artillery captain, he served as an official of the military department in Military Affairs Bureau of Taiwan Governor-General Office, where Maresuke NOGI was the governor-general.
- ここでオリンピック会場などの視察をした後、砲丸や槍などの日本ではまだ知られていないスポーツ用品を買い込んで、翌年2月7日に帰国。
- There they inspected the Olympics site and so on, and bought sports goods such as shot and javelin unknown yet in Japan, then went back to Japan on February 7, 1913.
- しかし、大山崎に布陣していた津藩が新政府軍に寝返って橋本の旧幕府軍を砲撃した事で旧幕府軍は総崩れとなり、戦いの趨勢が決している。
- However, the Tsu clan in Oyamazaki switching to the new government army and shelling the former bakufu army in Hashimoto caused the former bakufu army completely collapsed and decided the outcome of the battle.
- 秀次は自身の馬廻も投入して二の丸に突入させ、城兵三百余を討ち取ってさらに本丸を攻めるが、またしても城兵の弓・鉄砲により阻まれた。
- Hidetsugu made his troops including umamawari (horse guards) attack the Ninomaru (second bailey), kill more than 300 castle soldiers and attack Honmaru (the keep of a castle), but they were prevented by the shooting with bows and guns of the castle soldiers again.
- ヨーロッパや中華文明圏では、機械弓や大型機械弓も発明され、破壊力や飛距離のあるものも作られ、矢だけではなく砲弾などが使用された。
- In European and Chinese civilizations, a mechanized bow and a large machine bow was invented which provided destruction power and a long range, and cannonballs were also used with them as well as arrows.
- 小牧・長久手の戦いから文禄・慶長の役にいたる秀吉の一連の戦役に参加した豊臣氏の鉄砲頭の中に、孫一を含め数人の鈴木姓の名が見える。
- Including Magoichi, several names capped by the surname 'Suzuki,' are found as heads of the artillery of the Toyotomi clan which served in the series of battles in which Hideyoshi took place, from the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute to the Bunroku-Keicho War.
- 「鉄砲組」は「歩兵隊」または「銃隊」へと改組され、これまでの和流砲術家達も洋式砲術を学びなおす等により和流砲術は消滅していった。
- The musket troops' were reorganized into 'the infantry corps' and 'the musket corps;' the Japanese-style gunnery disappeared as the expert gunners of the Japanese-style gunnery restudied the Western-style gunney.
- このため、土佐藩側はこれを逮捕しようとして捕らえるのではなく、咄嗟に発砲し、フランス人11人を殺傷または、海に落として溺死させた。
- Therefore, the Tosa retainers fired a gun at once instead of arresting them, and killed, wounded or drowned eleven French people.
- さらに同じ頃、前年の下関における外国船砲撃の報復として、イギリス・フランス・アメリカ・オランダ4国の極東艦隊が連合して下関を攻撃。
- In addition, Britain, France, the US, and the Netherlands sent a combined Far East squadron to attack Shimonoseki, in retaliation against the Choshu clan's attacks on foreign vessels in the previous year.
- 藩内改革派と保守派が藩政の主導権を争っていた長州藩では、5月、馬関海峡を航行中の外国船を自藩製の大砲で攻撃して「攘夷」を決行した。
- Choshu Domain, where reformists and conservatives were in a power struggle, carried out the exclusionist policy, bombarding a foreign vessel sailing through the Bakan Straits with home-manufactured cannons in May 1863.
- 官軍の八代上陸の報を得た薩軍は、熊本長囲軍の一部を割き、三番大隊指揮長永山弥一郎率いる5箇中隊・都城隊・二番砲隊を八代に派遣した。
- In response to the report of disembarkation of the government army at Yatsushiro, the Satsuma army dispatched five companies led by Commander of the 3rd battalion Yaichiro NAGAYAMA, Miyakonojo troop, and the 2nd battery from the besieging army at Kumamoto Castle.
- 早くから鉄砲に着目し、また根来衆を傭兵として雇ったりもしており、鉄砲を多数所有し鉄砲の扱いや軍事利用法などに長けていたと言われる。
- He took note of guns from early on, and sometimes hired Negoroshu (a group of armed priests in Negoro-ji Temple); it is said he had a lot of guns and was aware of how to use a gun and usage for military purpose.
- 例として、戦国時代の甲斐武田家の事跡を基として書かれた軍学書である『甲陽軍鑑』には、「武芸四門とは弓鉄砲兵法馬是れ四なり」とある。
- It is described that 'there are 4 skills of martial arts; that are archery, gunnery, art of warfare, equestrian art' in 'Koyo Gunkan' (record of the military exploits of the Takeda family), which is a military science book written based on the achievements of the Takeda family in Kai Province in the Sengoku period.
- このような経緯から、将軍として諸大名から認められるようになり、織田信長や上杉謙信などは上洛して拝謁、大友義鎮は鉄砲を献上している。
- This is how he came to be recognized as the shogun by the various daimyo, and Nobunaga ODA and Kenshin UESUGI traveled to Kyoto to have an audience with him, while Yoshishige OTOMO presented some rifles to him.
- 一例として弓組約10組と筒組(鉄砲組)約20組の計30組で、各組には組頭1騎、与力が10騎、同心が30から50人程配置されていた。
- For example, it had thirty groups in total, consisting of about ten groups of the Yumi (archery) troop and about twenty groups of matchlock infantry, with each group being stationed with one kumigashira (a head of the group), ten yoriki (police sergeants), and thirty to fifty doshin (police constables).
- しかし、義弘の軍を追撃している際に義弘の軍の鉄砲隊が撃った銃弾が右肘関節(記述によっては右肩または左腕)に命中し、落馬してしまう。
- However, whilst in pursuit of Yoshihiro's army, he was shot in the right elbow (right shoulder or left arm depending on the source document) by Yoshihiro's musket troops, and fell from his horse.
- このとき、片桐軍は大坂城から退去するとき、300人の兵が完全武装の上、鉄砲の火縄に点火するという物々しいものであったと言われている。
- It was reported that when the Katagiri brothers' army left, 300 stern soldiers were fully-armored and even made their harquebus ignited.
- この頃より大坂城総構への南方からの大砲射撃も本格化し、幕府方の仕寄は堀際まで松平忠明隊は20から30間、藤堂隊は7間に近接している。
- Since about that time cannon shootings from the south to the sogamae of Osaka-jo Castle went into full swing, bakufu's shiyori approached near to the moat, Tadaakira Matsudaira troop 20 to 30 ken (one ken equals to about 1.8 meters) and Todo troop 7 ken.
- 長篠の戦いでは酒井忠次の鳶ノ巣山奇襲隊に参戦し奮戦するがその時に武田軍から撃たれた鉄砲で負傷しその鉄砲玉が生涯、体内にあったという。
- In the Battle of Nagashino, he participated in the Tobinosuyama troop with Tadatsugu SAKAI and fought hard, but he got injured by the bullet shot by the Takeda army, and it is said that this bullet was inside his body throughout the rest of his life.
- しかし、ひとつの曲輪が制圧されると、次の曲輪が射程に入ってしまうことが多く、中世の山城の曲輪は、鉄砲を用いた戦いに向いていなかった。
- However, kuruwas of yamajiros built in the middle ages were not suitable for a gun-shooting battle, because once a kuruwa is captured by the enemy, the next kuruwa often comes within the range of the enemy's fire.
- 何人撃ち殺されても決して退かず、数を頼りに突撃を繰り返す大軍の前に、いかな精鋭の鉄砲衆といえども寡勢の紀州勢には抗する術はなかった。
- They never withdrew despite many soldiers who were shot, and repeated attacking with numbers, so that even the elite unit of gun fighters of the Kishu army could not oppose them with a smaller force.
- 鉄が赤く焼けている様や鍛冶仕事の火花でもあるが、そこから鍛冶の中でも神事や武士との繋がりが強い、刀鍛冶・鉄砲鍛冶を指すようになった。
- Tekka originally meant the state of red hot iron as well as sparks generated by the forging process, and it came to refer particularly to teppo kaji (gun smithery) and also to katana kaji (sword smithery), latter of which has been closely related to Shinto rituals and samurai warriors.
- 以上の内容を考慮して織田家が使用した鉄砲数が通説よりも少ない1000丁だったとみても、当時のことを考えれば十分に特筆すべき数ではある。
- Supposing, on the basis of this, that they used only 1,000 teppo as opposed to the standard figure, this is still a remarkable figure for the period.
- さらに3月15日 (旧暦)(4月22日)に入った深夜頃から略奪を目的に町人が大勢群集して浅野家の鉄砲洲上屋敷裏口に乱入するようになる。
- On April 22, commoners gathered around at midnight for the purpose of plunder and broke into Asano's Tepposhu Kamiyashiki from the back door.
- 奇兵隊は6月1日に臼杵を占領したが、6月7日の野津道貫大佐の指揮する4個大隊の攻撃と軍艦3隻による艦砲射撃により6月10日に敗退した。
- Kiheitai seized Usuki on June 1, but was attacked on June 7 by four battalions led by Colonel Michitsura NOZU and bombarded from three warships, and was defeated on June 10.
- 慶応2年(1866年)、第二次長州征伐では藩海軍総督の高杉晋作から丙寅丸の砲隊長に任命され、同年6月、周防大島沖で幕府軍艦を奇襲攻撃。
- In 1866, he was appointed as a head of the cannon party of Yang Fire Tiger Maru by Shinsaku TAKASUGI, governor of the Domain navy, in Second conquest of Choshu, making a surprise attack on the warship of Bakufu in June of the same year.
- 火縄銃は、火縄を装着した「火挟み」と呼ばれるアームが、引金を引くことにより作動し火皿の火薬に点火することで発砲する仕組みとなっている。
- Matchlock is fired when a match-mounted arm called 'serpentine' is set in motion by pulling the trigger to ignite the priming powder in the flashpan.
- しかし、幕府もこの風聞を信じて近隣の諸藩に出兵を命じたため、同年8月20日、紀通は福知山城にて鉄砲自殺して果て、稲葉氏は改易となった。
- The shogunate, however, took the rumor seriously, and ordered several neighboring domains to send troops, with the result that Norimichi committed shot himself dead in the Fukuchiyama-jo Castle on August 20, 1648, and the Inaba clan was punished by Kaieki (removal of samurai status and expropriation of territories).
- ところが、1月16日に結集した「ポーハタン」以下七隻の内、蒸気船二隻と帆船三隻が安房国(千葉県)洲崎を砲撃した、と日本側の古文書にある。
- However, according to an ancient Japanese text, among the seven ships, including the Powhatan, that gathered on January 16, two steamers and three sailing ships bombarded Susaki in Awa Province (present-day Chiba Prefecture).
- 薩軍は少ない大砲と装備の劣った小銃で、堅城に籠もり、優勢な大砲・小銃と豊富な弾薬を有する鎮台を攻めるなど無謀この上もない作戦を採用した。
- The Satsuma army adopted a reckless plan of attacking the garrison, which entrenched themselves in the sturdy castle with superior cannons, rifles, and abundant ammunition, with less cannons and inferior rifles.
- この近代国際法は、19世紀に入ると掲げられた理念とは裏腹な砲艦外交によって中近東、アフリカ、東アジア等世界全体に適用範囲を広げていった。
- From the beginning of the nineteenth century, the range of application of this modern international law was expanded to whole world including, the Middle and Near East, Africa and East Asia through gunboat diplomacy that was contradictorily to the heralded idealistic principle.
- 後に、薩摩武士らは海軍の要職を占めるが、この気質をもとにドイツ等で当時の最新の砲術兵器を学び一発でしとめる名手が海軍大将などを歴任した。
- Later, Satsuma warriors held important posts in the Navy, and based on this nature, experts to defeat at the first attempt who learned the latest gunnery weapons of the day in Germany or other countries succesively held the posts including Full Admiral.
- 日本は1876年に江華島事件を起こし、砲艦外交によって朝鮮に開国を迫り、翌年日朝修好条規を締結して日本外交使節のソウル駐在を認めさせた。
- Causing the Ganghwa Island Incident in 1876, Japan demanded Korea to open the country by gunboat diplomacy, and compelled it to allow Japanese diplomatic envoys to stay in Seoul by concluding the Treaty of Ganghwa in the next year.
- 1946年6月9日未明、パトロール中の七条警察署の巡査が、不審人物5人を発見し職務質問をしようとしたところ、中の1人から突然発砲された。
- A constable from the Shichijo Police station, who was making his rounds in the early hours of June 9, 1946, saw five suspicious people, and when he tried to question them, was shot by one of them.
- 倭寇や女真族との紛争以外本格的な戦争経験がない朝鮮正規軍を、戦国時代 (日本)を経て大量の鉄砲を装備した日本軍が圧倒し連戦連勝を重ねた。
- The Korean regular force, which had never experienced a full-scale war except troubles with 'wako' (Japanese pirates) or the Joshin tribe, was overwhelmed and completely defeated by the Japanese military force, which was equipped with a large amount of guns after the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
- 鉄砲伝来(てっぽうでんらい)とは、15世紀にヨーロッパから東アジアへ火縄銃型の銃が伝わったこと、狭義には日本の種子島に伝来した事件を指す。
- The term 'Teppo Denrai' (introduction of firearms) generally refers to the introduction of matchlock guns from Europe into East Asia in the 15th century, and in a more limited sense it means the introduction of matchlock guns into Tanegashima Island, Japan.
- 禁門の変を理由に幕府は、第一次長州征伐を決行、同時期に、英米仏蘭4ヶ国艦隊の反撃に遭い、上陸され砲台を占拠された(四国艦隊下関砲撃事件)。
- On the pretext of the Kinmon Incident, the shogunate government carried out the First Choshu Expeditions, but at the same the combined fleet of Great Britain, United States, France and the Netherlands made a counterattack and got to land to occupy the gun battery (the Shimonoseki Bombardment).
- 壮年時代はよく遊び、料亭に数日間も居続けたり、鉄砲打ちに出かけたりしたが、晩年は質素倹約を旨とし、趣味といえば盆栽と碁を嗜む程度であった。
- In the prime of his life he often played, visited Ryotei (fancy Japanese-style restaurants) for days at a time, and went out shooting, but in his later years he made it his concern to live a simple, frugal life, with interests such as bonsai (a dwarf miniature potted tree) and a game of Go.
- 山本 覚馬(やまもと かくま、文政11年1月11日 (旧暦)(1828年2月25日) - 12月28日)は、江戸時代末期の会津藩、砲術家。
- Kakuma YAMAMOTO (February 25, 1828 - December 28, 1892) is a hojutsuka (ballistic specialist) of the Aizu Domain in the end of the Edo period.
- 旧幕府軍の総大将の徳川慶喜の撤退と、新政府軍の砲兵力、新政府軍の優勢により多くの藩が旧幕府軍を見限ったことで、旧幕府軍の全面敗北となった。
- The former Shogunate forces were completely defeated due to the retreat of the Commander in Chief of the former Tokugawa Shogunate, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, the strong artillery of the new government's forces, and the abandonment of the former Shogunate forces by an increasing number of domains due to the superiority of the new government's forces.
- この戦いで薩軍の死傷者が8名ほどであったのに対し、官軍の死傷者は95名ほどで、そのうえ大砲2門・小銃48挺・弾薬など多数の軍需品を奪われた。
- While the Satsuma army suffered about 8 casualties, the government army suffered about 95 casualties in this battle, and in addition, the government army was plundered of a large amount of ordnance including two cannons, 48 small guns, and ammunition.
- そして、開戦すると山縣有朋とともに参軍(総司令官)として海軍を率い、海上からの軍員及び物資輸送、海上からの砲撃等により戦争の鎮定にあたった。
- After the war broke out, Sumiyoshi led the navy together with Aritomo YAMAGATA as Sangun (Commander in chief) and transport soldiers and goods by sea, and bombarded shores to put down the war.
- 国友藤兵衛重恭(くにとも とうべえしげゆき、1778年 - 1840年)は、近江国坂田郡国友村(現、滋賀県長浜市国友町)に生まれた鉄砲鍛冶。
- KUNITOMO Tobei Shigeyuki (born in 1778 and died in 1840) was a teppo smith born in Kunitomo village, Sakata-gun, Omi Province (present-day Kunitomo-cho, Nagahama City, Shiga Prefecture).
- 藤田は明治2年、長州藩が陸運局を廃止して大砲・小銃・砲弾・銃丸などを払い下げたとき、藤田はこれらを一手に引き受け、大阪に搬送して巨利を得た。
- In 1869, when the Choshu Domain abolished the Land Transport Bureau and disposed of artillery guns, rifles, artillery shells and bullets, Fujita purchased all of them and made a large profit by delivering them to Osaka.
- しかし、大砲、銃が使われ出すと、火薬を使った銃弾の威力は高さの優位を減少させ、大砲により高いが比較的薄い壁は容易に打ち壊されるようになった。
- However, when cannons and guns came into use, the power of bullets with gunpowder reduced the superiority of height and the relatively thin walls were destroyed easily with cannons.
- この時には火砲の使用に記録はないが、馬防用の先端のとがった杭の携行については、英国王ヘンリー5世 (イングランド王)の命令が記録されている。
- At that time the use of gun was not recorded, but as for the carrying of pointed stakes for horse-blocking, the order of British monarch Henry V (the King of England) was recorded.
- 日本において馬とは、刀剣や鉄砲と同じように兵器として扱われていたので、武士以外の身分(商人や農民)などは通常、乗馬することを禁止されていた。
- In the past, horses had been considered to be one of weapons, such as swords and guns, therefore, the people except for the bushi class, such as tradesmen and peasants, had been forbidden to ride horses.
- 長州藩内でも四国艦隊下関砲撃事件での敗戦以降、松下村塾系の下級藩士を中心とした攘夷派勢力が後退し、椋梨藤太ら譜代家臣を中心とする俗論派が擡頭。
- Even in Choshu domain, the Joi movement, in which lower ranked samurai gathered at Shokason-juku played a central role, gradually lost its support after the defeat of the battles of Shimonoseki, and saw the emergence of Zokuron-ha (a kind of conservatism that allows acknowledgement of fealty to the bakufu), supported by the hereditary vassals including Tota MUKUNASHI.
- この少し後、自ら火薬の製法を学ぶなど鉄砲の導入に積極的だった将軍足利義輝の命令を受け、近江国国友村に庇護を与えて組織的に鉄砲を製造させている。
- After a while, he protected Kunitomo village in Omi Province and made people there produce guns systematically by order of Shogun Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, who was positive about bringing in guns and learned how to make gunpowder.
- 尚之助と離別した八重は「裁縫より鉄砲」と果敢に闘うが落城、「あすの夜はいづくの誰かながむらむ馴れにしみ空に残す月影」と城内の壁に簪で刻書した。
- After separated from Shonosuke, Yae fearlessly fought saying 'Gun more than sewing,' but finally surrendered the castle after engraving a poem 'Who would see the moon in my familiar sky tomorrow night?' on the castle wall using a Kanzashi (an ornamental hairpin).
- 直後に信長は小姓たちを呼び、鎌のような武器(薙刀術)を振り回しながら明智の兵達に対して応戦していたが、明智の鉄砲隊が放った弾が左肩に命中した。
- Immediately after that, Nobunaga called his pages and counterattacked warriors of the Akechi clan brandishing a sickle-like weapon (naginata (Japanese halberd) art), but he was shot his left shoulder by a bullet shot by the musket troops of the Akechi clan.
- これより6年後の天正9年(1581年)に定められた明智光秀家中の軍法によれば、一千石取りで軍役32人、そのうち鉄砲5挺を用意すべき旨定めている。
- The Akechi family's military code, set forth six years after the battle, in 1581, stipulates that a person with 1,000 koku should provide 32 people for military service of whom 5 should be gunners.
- この戦いに敗れた原因は多々あるが、主なものでは、砲・小銃が旧式で、しかも不足、火薬・弾丸・砲弾の圧倒的な不足、食料などの輜重の不足があげられる。
- There were many reasons for their defeat in this battle, but the main problem was that their guns and rifles were outdated, and the amount of gunpowder, bullets and cannonballs they had was insufficient, and also the military supplies like food was extremely lacking.
- 三島流舟戦法を学び、18歳のとき故郷を出て諸国を回り安盛流、中島流、遠国流、禁伝流等の砲術を学び、橋爪廻新斎流合武伝法、甲州、越後の兵学を得た。
- After learning the naval battle tactics of Santo school, he left his hometown at the age of 18 and traveled around the country to learn the art of gunnery of various schools such as the Asaka, Nakajima, Ongoku, and Kinden; he mastered Hashizume Kaishinsai school Gobu-denpo (橋爪廻新斎流合武伝法), and military science in Koshu and Echigo.
- 朝鮮最初の条約が不平等条約であったのは、日本側の砲艦外交の結果でもあるが、国際法や条約体制に関し、朝鮮側が関心を払っていなかったことも要因である。
- The first treaty, which Korea concluded was an unequal treaty due to the gunboat diplomacy of Japan but it is also pointed out that Korea did not pay attention to it.
- 私学校は篠原国幹が監督する銃隊学校、村田新八が監督する砲隊学校、村田が監督を兼任した幼年学校(章典学校)があり、県下の各郷ごとに分校が設けられた。
- The private school established branch schools in each town under the prefectures, which were the gun army school that Kunimoto SHINOHATA supervised, the bombardment army that Shinpachi MURATA supervised, and the Army Cadet school (Shoten school) that Murata supervised.
- 「○○大将」「○○奉行」「組頭」「番頭」「物頭」(○○には士、侍、足軽、鉄砲、槍、弓等が入る)…備の指揮官やその指揮下にある各部隊の指揮官を指す。
- Such and such daisho' (general), 'such and such bugyo,' 'kumigashira' (captain), 'ban gashira' (head of a group) 'mono gashira' (military commander) ('such and such' is replaced by samurai, samurai, ashigaru, teppo, yari, yumi, and so on) refer to commanders of the sonae or the captains of various troops under the commanders.
- 部屋住みの時代に儒学、国学、曹洞宗の禅、書、絵、歌、剣術・抜刀術・槍術・弓術・ 砲術・柔術などの日本武術、茶道、能楽などの多数の趣味に没頭していた。
- When Naosuke was still a heyazumi (an adult-age eldest son who has yet to come into his inheritance), he devoted himself to many hobbies, including Sado, Nohgaku (the art of Noh theater), Confucianism, Japanese classical literature, the Soto sect of Zen Buddhism, calligraphy, painting, poetry, as well as Japanese martial arts: swordplay, spearmanship, Japanese archery, gunnery, and jujutsu.
- 根来のみは織田信長・豊臣秀吉による紀州攻めの影響で安土桃山時代期以降衰退したが、国友・日野・堺はその後も鉄砲の生産地として栄え、高い技術力を誇った。
- Only Negoro-ji Temple declined after the Azuchi-Momoyama period because of the influence of Siege of Kishu by Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, but even after that, Kunitomo, Hino and Sakai flourished as production areas for guns and they were proud of their high technical capabilities.
- これは伝承砲術によっているものであるが、日本では幕末明治維新期に兵制・武器の西欧化が急速に行われたため、流派の直接伝承はすべていったん途絶えている。
- They did it following traditional gunnery, but in Japan, during the Meiji Restoration, the military conscription and weapons were rapidly westernized and thus all the direct handing down of the school stopped.
- 武士が戦うための技芸であった武芸,兵法を基に、室町時代の終わり頃から剣術や柔術、槍術、弓術、砲術などがそれぞれ様々な流派として技術化、体系化された。
- Based on bugei (a military art) or hyoho (an art of warfare) which had been a practical art for samurai (warriors) to fight with, since around the end of the Muromachi period, kenjutsu (swordplay), jujutsu (classical Japanese martial art, usually referring to fighting without a weapon), sojutsu (the art of spearmanship), kyujutsu (the art of Japanese archery), hojutsu (gunnery), etc. have been evolved technically and systematized as various schools respectively.
- 教育内容も藩によって異なるが一般に四書五経の素読と習字を中心とし、江戸後期には蘭学や、日本武術として剣術・槍術・弓術・砲術・馬術・柔術などが加わった。
- Although the content of education differed according to each domain, general teaching focused on reading of shishogokyo (the Four Books and Five Classics of Confucianism, or the Nine Chinese Classics) without comprehension or calligraphy; in the latter half of the Edo period, Western learning and Japanese martial arts were also taught, including swordplay, spearmanship, archery, gunnery, horsemanship and jujitsu.
- 仮に鉄砲を自前で作成していたとしても、雑賀には鉄砲の材料となる鉄、真鍮、黒色火薬の材料となる硝石が生産されておらず、入手経路等を示す資料は解っていない。
- Even if they manufactured guns for themselves, iron and brass which guns are made from and saltpeter which black gunpowder is made from are not produced in Saika, and there is no material to suggest the source of their supply and others.
- 江戸幕府成立時、徳川氏直参の足軽を全て同心としたため、忍者を祖先とする伊賀同心、甲賀同心、鉄砲組の百人組、郷士の八王子千人同心等、様々な同心職ができた。
- Since all the foot soldiers of the Tokugawa clan's immediate retainers became doshin when the Edo bakufu was established, various sorts of doshin were made; for example, Iga doshin and Koka doshin descended from ninja, a one-hundred matchlock infantry unit, Hachioji thousand doshin of country samurai, and so on.
- 其所で、子爵は、幹部は、戦闘線に出なくともいいのであろうからと云ふので、余等一同は、栗の粥を啜り、砲弾で死んだ軍馬の肉を、是幸いと取って煮染にして喰ふ。
- Since Viscount TANI said that high-ranking officers need not to go into battle, all of us sipped chestnut porridge, and jumped at the opportunity to stew the meat of military horses shot dead and ate it.
- 1946年(昭和21年)に銃砲刀剣類所持等取締法が施行され、民間人は狩猟用や射撃競技用以外の銃器類と、美術用以外の日本刀を所持することができなくなった。
- After the Firearm and Sword Control Law was enforced in 1946, civilians were prohibited from possessing firearms for use other than hunting and target shooting and Japanese swords for use other than works of art.
- さらにいえば、日本の砲艦外交的姿勢は無論朝鮮の屈服を促すものであったが、同時に日本国内の「征韓論」を唱える不平士族の溜飲を下げることも狙ったものであった。
- Moreover, the gunboat diplomatic attitude of Japan was of course an attempt at urging Korea to submit, but at the same time it aimed to appease the complaints of the former samurai class who advocated the policy of conquering Korea by military force.
- 「山県隊はさんざん鉄砲に撃たれてほうほうの体で退却し、次に二番手、三番手と次々と新手を繰り出すが、それもまた過半数が鉄砲の餌食になった(要約)」とされる。
- The Yamagata army were shot and retreated, followed by a second and a third army, most of whom were shot down by the teppo (a gist).'
- これに対し豊臣方は近接する徳川方に激しく銃撃し、竹束のみの時は一手に付き300から500人の死傷者が出たが、相手が築山・土塁を築くと鉄砲の効果は激減する。
- In response, the Toyotomi side fired furiously at the approaching Tokugawa side; attacks with teppo (guns) killed or injured 300 to 500 enemies per one battle when they were guarded only with taketaba (bamboo shields against firearms), but guns lost effects greatly when they built tsukiyama (artificial hills)/dorui (earthen walls).
- また対外政策では、大御所時代に出された異国船打払令を改め、無用の戦を避けるため薪水給与令が出され、江川や高島秋帆による西洋砲術導入による国防策も図られた。
- In foreign policy, he revised the decree issued in Ogosho period which ordered expelling foreign vessels, newly issued the decree that permitted providing foreign vessels with fuel and water in order to avoid an unnecessary war, and tried to build national defense by having Egawa and Shuhan TAKASHIMA introduce Western artillery.
- また吉政の母すなわち国友与左衛門(宮部継潤家臣)の姉は宮部村と三川村にほど近い坂田郡国友村(当時有数の鉄砲の生産地。現在の長浜市国友町)の出身などである。
- Moreover, his mother, i.e. an older sister of Yozaemon KUNITOMO (a vassal of Keijun MIYABE) is said to have been from Kunitomo Village, Sakata District (a leading gun producing district at that time, present-day Kunitomo Town, Nagahama City) near Miyabe Village and Mikawa Village.
- また中国同様、朝鮮でも列強の砲艦外交とほぼ同時に「万国公法」がもたらされたため、それへの不信の念がなかなか払拭されず、受容の遅れにつながったためでもある。
- Secondly, 'Bankoku Koho' was brought to Korea at the same time with gunboat diplomacy as was the case in China and deep distrust resulted in the late acceptance.
- 当時最新最強と謳われた開陽でさえ木造艦であり、砲数・トン数では勝るものの防備性の劣勢は否めず、これを大いに憂慮した榎本は同艦奇襲・奪取の奇策を実行に移す。
- Even Kaiyo, which had been reputedly the sturdiest ship until then, was made of wood, so its inferiority in terms of defensibility was undeniable even with its superiority in weight and number of equipped cannons; thus ENOMOTO, much concerned about this situation, carried out an uncommon military operation to seize Kotetsu in a surprise attack.
- 銃砲刀剣類所持等取締法(昭和三十三年法律第六号)に定める銃砲若しくは刀剣類又は火薬類取締法(昭和二十五年法律第百四十九号)に定める火薬類を不法に所持する者
- A person who illegally possesses firearms, swords or other such weapons as prescribed in the Act for Controlling the Possession of Firearms or Swords and Other Such Weapons (Act No. 6 of 1958) or explosives as provided for by the Explosives Control Act (Act No. 149 of 1950).
- しかし、対岸の大山崎を守護する津藩の裏切り(下記参照)に遭い、思いもかけない西側からの集中砲火を喰らった幕府軍は総崩れとなり、淀川を下って大坂へと逃れた。
- However, betrayed by the Tsu domain guarding Oyamazaki across the river (see below) and consequently subjected to unexpected heavy fire from the west, the Shogunate forces collapsed and fled to Osaka down the Yodo-gawa River.
- さらに平和な江戸時代においては武術として、武士の教養と化した「砲術」と百姓の害獣駆除のため猟銃として量産された火縄銃はより洗練された形で命中にこだわった。
- Furthermore, in the pacific Edo period, matchlocks were mass-produced for 'gunnery,' a part of martial arts that became an education for samurai warriors and for hunting to exterminate mammalian pests, therefore the accuracy rate was valued in a sophisticated way.
- 且元を討とうとする大野親子の一味が鉄砲で追われた後、ただ一騎でやってきた且元は、夜明け前の淀川の堤で遠く大阪城をながめ感慨にふけりながら、木村重成を待つ。
- After a member in the group of the father and son of the Ono is driven away with a gun, Katsumoto who goes to the bank of the Yodo-gawa River alone before dawn stares at Osaka-jo castle in the distance with emotion as he waits for Shigenari KIMURA.
- 結果的に、李氏朝鮮外交に翻弄された日本政府は、遂に痺れを切らし、小艦を釜山に派遣し東莱府館員を艦上に招待し発砲演習を見せつけることにより、局面打開を図った。
- The Japanese government was at the mercy of the Joseon Dynasty's diplomacy and they lost their patience at last, so they made a breakthrough; dispatched a small warship to Pusan and invited the members of Toraifu on board to show the shooting exercises.
- 5月10日、幕府が攘夷を実行に移すことはなかったが、長州藩はこれを信じて下関海峡を通過するアメリカ合衆国船を砲撃して遂に攘夷を決行してしまった(下関戦争)。
- On June 25, the bakufu never carried out any action; however, Choshu Domain believed in the words of bakufu and they themselves started expelling foreigners by firing on the ships of the United States that were passing the Straits of Shimonoseki (the Shimonoseki War).
- これは日本側から見ると武家諸法度に定められた「供割」(ともわり)と呼ばれる非常に無礼な行為で、これを見た第3砲兵隊長・滝善三郎正信が槍を持って制止に入った。
- From the viewpoint of Japan, this was a very rude act called 'Tomowari,' which was provided in Bukeshohatto (Acts for the Military Houses), so that a chief of the third battery Zenzaburo Masanobu TAKI stopped them, holding a spear.
- 西洋諸国のように大形の大砲を製造できるほどにまだ鋳造技術が優れていなかった当時の東アジアでは、こうしたロケット型の兵器が攻城戦や海戦で比較的多く導入された。
- At the time, East Asia had not yet created superior metal casting technology similar to Western countries, which meant that large cannons were unable to be produced and relatively numerous rocket-shaped weapons were introduced in siege warfare and naval battles.
- 1866年(慶応2年)6月7日に幕府艦隊の周防大島への砲撃が始まり、13日には芸州口・小瀬川口、16日には石州口、17日には小倉口でそれぞれ戦闘が開始される。
- On July 18, 1866 (表記の変更), the fleet of the bakufu opened fire on Suo-oshima Island, and fights started successively in Geishu-guchi on July 24 (表記の変更), Sekishu-guchi on July 27 (表記の変更), and Kokura-guchi on July 28 (表記の変更).
- この構造は門扉が砲撃の死角となるようにできており、幕末戊辰戦争では緒戦において北出丸の追手門を突破しようとした新政府軍の阻止に成功し、長期籠城戦に持ち込んだ。
- This structure helped the gate door to be in a blind spot in an attack, and in many battles of the Boshin War at the end of Edo period, they were successful in preventing the New Government Army from breaking through Kita demaru Ottemon gate, allowing the castle to be held for a long time.
- しかし、長篠合戦に参戦した織田軍の兵力を通説に従って3万、また先述のように参戦しない武将にも鉄砲隊を供出させた史実を考えれば、数千挺ほど用意出来た可能性はある。
- However, the Oda family could have acquired a few thousand teppo, if we take the standard number of 30,000 men deployed by the family, and if we recall the historical fact that they ordered the non-participating busho to provide teppo.
- 鉄砲は高価で貴重な兵器であったため、軍役として鉄砲を用意するよう義務付けられるのはある程度大身の者であることを考慮すると、この軍役率はそのまま参考にはならない。
- This rate cannot be taken at face value because only men of significantly high rank could have been obliged to provide for military service teppo which were expensive and rare at the time.
- 唯一多門院日記に伝聞として「鉄の船なり。鉄砲通らぬ用意敷儀なり」との記載があることが、同時代の資料において船体に鉄の装甲を施した船であると解釈できる部分である。
- Tamonin nikki diary alone reported it as 'an iron ship that no bullets of a gun can pass through', which part can be interpreted that it was a ship whose hull was iron-covered in the light ofdocuments of the same period.
- 文久3年(1863年)5月10日、幕府が朝廷から要請されて制定した攘夷期限が過ぎると、長州藩は関門海峡において外国船砲撃を行うが、逆に米仏の報復に逢い惨敗する。
- On June 25, 1863, after the deadline for the expulsion of foreigners that had been set by the shogunate upon the demand of the imperial court, the Choshu clan fired cannons at foreign ships in the Kanmon-Kaikyo Strait, but was overwhelmingly defeated by the American and French counter-attack.
- 若い頃、南蛮人が持ってきた鉄砲が試し撃ちの際に暴発して弟が手に怪我をしたが、その時に進んだ西洋医学による応急処置を見た宗麟は西洋の技術に感銘を受けたといわれる。
- It was said that Sorin was impressed with Western medical technology when seeing the advanced emergency treatment of Western medicine when his younger brother was injured by accidental firing from a teppo (gun) introduced by a southern barbarian in its trial shooting in his early years.
- 狐は咄嗟に藪の中に逃げ込んだが、慌てたために井戸に落ち、命を落としてしまった(別説では猟師に鉄砲で撃たれた、または自ら死期を悟って別れの茶会を開いたともいう)。
- The fox escaped instantaneously into the bush, but it was too frantic to see the destination and so fell into a well to death (according to other theories, the fox was shot by a hunter with a gun or held the farewell tea ceremony by predicting his own death).
- この雲揚が同年9月20日首都漢城に近い要塞地帯であった江華島に接近し、発砲されたとの理由で3日間にわたり戦闘し22日には永宗島の砲台を攻撃、占領する事件が起きた。
- On September 20 of the same year, an incident occurred: this Unyo approached Ganghwa Island, which was the stronghold base near the capital Hanseong, and fought for three days insisting that she had been fiired, then on 22nd, she attacked the gun batteries and seized Yeongjong Island.
- また、素手で鉄砲や刀などの武器に対抗するという発想そのものが非現実的であり、このような動機に基づいて琉球士族が空手の鍛錬に励んだとは考えられない、との指摘もある。
- Also, some critics point out that the idea that an unarmed person counterattacks weapons such as guns and swords is unrealistic in the first place, and that it is unlikely that the warrior class in the Ryukyu Kingdom practiced karate based on such an unrealistic reason.
- 謙信と他大名との鉄砲、弓、馬などの軍事編成の比はさほど差異はなく、戦術的にも大きな違いはないが、上杉軍は敵と敵のぶつかりあい、直接戦闘では圧倒的な強さを誇っていた。
- When comparing Kenshin and other daimyo (Japanese feudal lords), in a military organization such as teppo (gun), bows, horses and so on there was only a small difference, and not much difference in strategies, but the Uesugi army was proud of their own overwhelming strength in direct combats with enemies.
- 戦国時代は粗悪な数打物の大量生産を招来したが、一方で原料を生産する鉄鋼業は国内におけるたたら技術の進歩、南蛮貿易による鉄砲の伝来によって急速な進歩を遂げる事になる。
- The Sengoku period (period of warring states) gave rise to mass production of inferior Kazu-uchi mono (mass products), but on the other hand, the steel industry which produced the material made a rapid advance in Tatara (bellows) technology and with the arrival of guns by trading with Westerners.
- 1867年から横浜市の大田陣屋で幕府伝習隊の教練をしていたフランス軍事顧問団から副隊長ジュール・ブリュネ砲兵大尉ら約10人がフランス軍籍を脱走して蝦夷政権に参加した。
- About ten soldiers including Assistant Chief Jules Brunet, Captain of Artillery Unit, deserted French Military Advisory Team which was giving a military drill to Bakufu Denshutai (Edo shogunate's army) at Ota Jinya (regional government office) in Yokohama City from 1867, and abandoned the French national army to join the Ezo Government.
- 信繁を討った松平忠直隊鉄砲組頭西尾宗次は信繁を討ったときを誇張して報告した為に、家康は宗次の「信繁を討ち取った」という報告を真に受けようとしなかったとも言われている。
- Munetsugu NISHIO, the captain of the Tadanao MATSUDAIRA gun unit reported the scene when he killed Shigonobu so exaggeratedly that Ieyasu is said not to have taken Munetsugu's report that he killed Shigenobu to be true.
- 薩英戦争では長崎にて病気療養中だったが、禁門の変においては軍賦役・大砲隊長に任ぜられ、慶応2年(1866年)の長州征討の際は、長崎にて長州藩の軍備品購入の斡旋をした。
- He was recuperating in Nagasaki during Anglo-Satsuma War, but was appointed Gunbuyaku (army commander) and the commander of cannon troops in Kinmon Incident, and also used his influence to help Choshu clan purchase armaments in Nagasaki during the Second Choshu Conquest in 1866.
- 例外は大沽砲台や聶士成の武衛前軍、馬玉崑率いる武衛左軍といった近代化部隊であったが、これすら兵器の扱いに不慣れな兵士が多かったために効果的な運用ができなかったという。
- The exceptions were Taku Fort, the frontal army of Chinese imperial guard division of Nie Shicheng, and the modern left Chinese imperial guard division led by Bagyokukon, but they could not operate smoothly since many soldiers were unfamiliar with their weapons.
- しかし接舷には成功したものの我彼の舷高に大いに開きがあり、突入を躊躇した榎本軍はガトリング砲の砲火を浴び、突入作戦に失敗、甲賀艦長も戦死するなど大打撃を受け敗走した。
- The Kaiten succeeded in attaching itself to the side of the Kotetsu, but the Enomoto forces hesitated in boarding because of a big gap in the height of the gunwale of both ships; as a result they received heavy gunfire from Gatling guns, failed in the operation and fled, incurring great damage including the death of Captain Koga.
- 同年の八月十八日の政変では長州藩兵として堺町御門の警備を担当し大砲掛となるも、公武合体派に排除され、三条実美以下7人の尊皇攘夷派公卿の長州亡命(七卿落ち)に同行した。
- In the Coup of August 18 that happened in the same year, he guarded Sakaimachigomon as a samurai of the Choshu clan, charging a cannon, but cleared off by Kobu Gattai ha (supporters of the doctrine of unity between the Bakufu and the imperial court), he went along with Sanetomi SANJO and other seven Kugyo (high court noble) of Sonno Joi ha (supporters of the doctorine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians) in their Choshu exile (the exile of the Seven nobles from Kyoto).
- また、史学的な研究の進展によって、日本への鉄砲伝来は東南アジア交易に従事した倭寇勢力によって、短い間に西日本各地へ同時多発的に起こったとする説が有力視されてきている。
- With the advance of historical study, the most likely theory is now that the introduction of guns into Japan simultaneously took place at various places in southwestern Japan during a short period by wako (Japanese pirates) involved in trade with Southeast Asia.
- 此の生徒のことについて台湾総督府の砲兵部員になって台湾に行っていた長兄から書面が来て「今度幼年学校の新入生の中に小笠原善平という生徒がいる筈だから面倒を見てやってくれ。
- For this student, my oldest brother who was in Taiwan as an artillery member of the Taiwan Governor-General Office sent me a letter asking me 'to take care of the student called Zenpei OGASAWARA among the new students in the army cadet school this year.
- 6日夜、伊達の国見山本陣に、上杉景勝家臣藤田能登家士斉藤兵部が、伊達・信夫の百姓等4千人を伴い内通してきた他、直江山城守鉄砲頭極楽寺内匠が伊達成実に協力を申し出てきた。
- On October 6 at night, Hyobe SAITO (斉藤兵部), a retainer of Noto FUJITA who was a vassal of Kagekatsu UESUGI visited the Date's headquarters in Mt. Kunimi with about 4,000 peasants and others from Date and Shinobu Districts to hold secret communication, and Takumi Gokurakuji (極楽寺内匠), the head of the artillery for Yamashiro no kami (governor of Yamashiro Province) NAOE offered Shigesane DATE his cooperation.
- 一 今後屯営地所練兵場等有用ノ節且全国防禦線決定ノ日ニ至リ砲墩塁壁等建築ノ地所ハ陸軍省ニ於テ撰定シ其省ヘ協議ノ上伺出候ハヾ無代ニテ可渡筈ニ付地代等ハ是又於其省取計フヘシ
- If military camps, drill fields, etc. become necessary, and artillery mounds, ramparts, etc. are to be constructed after lines of defense across the country have been defined, their sites will be selected by the Department of War, and after discussion with Okura-sho, if an inquiry is made, the sites are supposed to be handed over free of charge; in that case, arrange the land rents etc. at Okura-sho again.
- 日露戦争当時、日本海軍はロシア海軍が本土に上陸する地点は若狭湾であると想定し、京都への侵攻を防ぐため舞鶴に海軍基地、舞鶴から高浜町にかけての海岸沿いには砲台を設置した。
- Before the Russo-Japanese War, the Imperial Japanese Navy assumed that the landing point of the Russian Navy would be Wakasa Bay, so they established a naval base in Maizuru and gun batteries along the coast from Maizuru to Takahama-cho.
- 通説では、当時最新兵器であった鉄砲を3000丁も用意、さらに新戦法の三段撃ちを実行した織田軍を前に、当時最強と呼ばれた武田の騎馬隊は成すすべも無く殲滅させられたとされる。
- A standard theory is that Takeda's cavalry which was regarded as the most powerful at that time was overwhelmingly defeated by the Oda forces which were equipped with 3,000 then state-of-art teppo (matchlock guns), and which employed a new tactics of 'sandan-uchi' (in which the gunners were arranged in three lines).
- 午後8時、午前0時、午前4時に一斉に勝ち鬨をあげさせ、さらに午後10時、午前2時、午前6時に大砲(石火矢・大筒)を放たせて城兵、特に戦慣れしていない淀殿らを脅そうとした。
- To threaten the soldiers in the castle and Yodo-dono in particular, who were unfamiliar with wars, he made his soldiers give a shout of victory at 8 PM, 0 AM, and 4 AM, and made cannons (ishibiya (guns with stones as bullets), and artillery) fire at 10 PM, 2 AM, and 6 AM.
- 国友(くにとも)は、戦国時代 (日本)から江戸時代末期まで「堺市」と並び称せられた鉄砲生産地、近江国坂田郡国友村(現、滋賀県長浜市国友町)及び工人の「国友鍛冶」を指す語。
- The word 'Kunitomo' referred to Kunitomo Village in Sakata County, Omi Province (present-day Kunitomo-cho, Nagahama City, Shiga Prefecture), which was renowned for its production of firearms along with Sakai City during the Warring States period through to the end of the Edo period, and also to gunsmiths who worked in Kunitomo Village (called 'Kunitomo Kaji' in Japanese).
- 手で投げることを始めとして、西洋のような投石器を使用するもの、日本手ぬぐいを持ってそれに代用するもの、砲丸投のように重量のあるものを投げつけるものなど様々な形態があった。
- Inji had different styles such as slinging by hand, operating a Western style sling, utilizing Japanese towels in place of the sling, or throwing heavy stuff like putting a shot.
- ペリーは共和党 (アメリカ)のミラード・フィルモア大統領から海軍の作戦行動として日本との条約締結を命じられるが、アメリカでは交戦権が上院に属するため、発砲は禁止されていた。
- Perry had been ordered by Republican president Millard FILLMORE on a naval mission to conclude a treaty with Japan, but was prohibited from any act of belligerency without senate approval.
- 北方の備前島だけで大筒100門と石火矢が本丸北側の奥御殿に、南方の天王寺口からはこれまでの総構から本丸南方の表御殿千畳敷に目標を変更した砲撃が和議締結まで打ち込まれ続けた。
- The bombardments continued until a peace treaty was concluded; attacks with one hundred ozutu (Japanese artilleries) and ishibiya (Japanese artilleries) from Bizenjima in the north side alone to the oku-goten of Honmaru (the keep of a castle) and attacks from Tennoji-guchi in the south side to Goten Senjoshiki (a new target switched from sogamae) in the south of Honmaru.
- 第二次大戦後、他の武道と同様にそれらは禁止されたが、戦後復興と共に行事が復活し、東京五輪の「射撃競技」の開始式典で大戦前から伝統の米沢市の「砲術隊」等による演武が行われた。
- After the World War II, the gunnery was prohibited like other martial arts; however, many events were restored in the process of Japan's postwar rehabilitation; in the opening ceremony for 'target shooting' in the Tokyo Olympics, the traditional demonstration of gunfire by the 'musket troops' in Yonezawa City, which dated back before the war.
- 3月26日、黒田参軍は別働第1旅団を左翼、別働第2旅団を中央、警視隊を右翼に配し、艦砲射撃の援護のもと三方から小川方面の薩軍を攻撃し、激戦の末、薩軍を撃退して小川を占領した。
- On March 26, Sangun Kuroda deployed the detached 1st brigade in the left flank, the detached 2nd brigade in the center, and the Keishi-tai troop in the right flank, and attacked the Satsuma army in the Kogawa area from the three directions under cover of naval bombardment and seized Kogawa by driving back the Satsuma army after a fierce battle.
- 翌明治2年(1869年)、開陽座礁沈没、戦費の枯渇、相次ぐ自軍兵士の逃亡、新政府軍斥候による弁天台場砲台閉鎖、箱館湾海戦による全艦喪失など劣勢は決定的となり、榎本は降伏した。
- In the following year, 1869, due to the Kaiyo running aground and sinking, shortage of funds, frequent desertions of soldiers, closing of the gun batteries in Benten Daiba (Cape Benten Battery) led by scouts from the new government forces, and losing all warships in the Naval Battle of Hakodate Bay, the inferior position of the Enomoto forces had become indisputable and ENOMOTO surrendered.
- このとき、臼杵城(丹生島城)に籠城していた宗麟は大砲・国崩し(フランキ砲のこと。その大きな威力からこのように名づけられた)を使って臼杵城を死守し戦国大名としての意地を見せた。
- At that time, Sorin who held up in Usuki-jo Castle (Nyushima-jo Castle) used a cannon and Kunikuzushi (literally, destroying a nation) (フランキ砲, named after its power) to defend Usuki-jo Castle and show pride as a daimyo in the Sengoku period.
- 備前藩では1月5日 (旧暦)(1月29日)までに2,000人の兵を出立させ、このうち家老・日置帯刀(へきたてわき)率いる500人(800人説もある)は大砲を伴って陸路を進んだ。
- The domain of Bizen sent 2,000 soldiers before January 29, and of all the soldiers, 500 (some theory insists that it was 800) led by Karo (chief retainer) Tatewaki HEKI advanced on the ground with a cannon.
- 寛文7年8月11日 (旧暦)(1667年9月28日)、浅野長友の長男として江戸鉄砲州(現東京都中央区明石町)にある浅野家上屋敷(現在聖路加国際病院がある場所)において生まれる。
- He was born on September 28, 1667, as the eldest son of Nagatomo ASANO in the kamiyashiki of the Asano family (current St. Luke's international hospital) in Edo Tepposu (current Akashi-cho, Chuo Ward, Tokyo).
- この事件は、輝宗が自分とともに義継を撃てと命じたとの説や追跡してきた政宗の軍勢がすでに鉄砲で武装していたことから、政宗の父殺しの陰謀だったとする説など発生原因も含めて諸説ある。
- As for this incident, there are various theories regarding the causes and consequences; Terumune ordered Masamune to shoot Yoshitsugu together with him; or it was a plot of Masamune to kill his father, judging from the fact that the troops of Masamune coming after the group of Hatakeyama was prepared with guns.
- 雑賀衆のほかの土豪たちと同様、鉄砲伝来から間もない早い時期に鉄砲を使った戦術を取り入れ、16世紀の半ばには鉄砲で武装したある程度の規模の傭兵的集団として活動していたようである。
- Same as the other local clans of Saigashu, the clan adopted guns in its fighting tactics shortly after the arrival of guns to Japan, and by the mid-16th century the clan seems to have been active as a certain sized mercenary force equipped with guns.
- より具体的には「長篠の戦いの緒戦で、武田軍は家老山県昌景を一番手として織田陣営を攻め立てたに対し、織田軍の足軽は身を隠したままひたすら鉄砲を撃ち、誰一人前に出ることはなかった。」
- More specifically, 'when the Takeda army led by Karo (chief retainer) Masakage YAMAGATA attacked the Oda side at the start of the Battle of Nagashino, the ashigaru (common foot soldiers) of the Oda army, none of whom stepped forward and who hid themselves, kept shooting the teppo.'
- 第1遊撃隊司令官の命により「浪速」艦長の東郷平八郎大佐は「高陞号」に停船を命じて臨検を行うように発砲し、清国兵が停船命令に従わないため、魚雷で「高陞号」を撃沈する(高陞号事件)。
- Under the order from the commander of the first commando unit, Heihachiro TOGO, the commanding officer of 'Naniwa' requested 'Kowshing' to stop for inspection after warning fire, but when Qing soldiers ignored, he torpedoed the steamship (Kowshing Incident).
- 元亀元年1570年の俗に言う金ヶ崎の退き口では、梁田広正・中条将艦らと共に、僅かな兵力である馬廻り衆を率いて、成政も殿の軍に参加し、鉄砲隊を用いて秀吉軍を救援し活躍したとされる。
- On the so called Kanegazaki no nokiguchi (withdrawal from Kanegazaki) in 1570, it is said that Narimasa also participated in the army of the lord, leading a few armed forces of horse guards with Hiromasa YANADA and Masakane CHUJYO and worked to support Hideyoshi using firearms troop.
- また、この毛利氏との戦闘の中で宗麟は宣教師に鉄砲に用いる火薬の原料である硝石の輸入を要請し、その理由として自分はキリスト教を保護する者であり毛利氏はキリスト教を弾圧する者である。
- In addition, in the battle with the Mori clan, Sorin requested the missionary to import saltpeter, the raw material of gunpowder used in guns, for he was the person to protect Christianity and the Mori clan was the clan to suppress.
- 大田牛一の『信長公記』では、決戦に使用された鉄砲数に関しては「千挺計」(約1000丁)、鳶ヶ巣山攻撃の別働隊が「五百挺」と書いてあり(計約1500丁)、3000丁とは書かれてない。
- 'Shinchoko-ki' by Gyuichi OTA does not mention 3,000 teppo but it does mention that '千挺計' (about 1,000 teppo) were used in the main battle and '五百挺' (500 teppo) were used by the detachment force in the Battle on Mt. Tobigasu (making a total of about 1,500).
- 「砲第五号 砲兵支廠鹿児島属廠設置之スナイトル弾薬器械其廠ヘ備附其廠ニ於テ製作可致此旨相達候事但入費之儀ハ其廠額金之内ヲ以取計 追而不足之節可申出事 十年一月八日 陸軍卿山県有朋」
- 砲第五号 砲兵支廠鹿児島属廠設置之スナイトル弾薬器械其廠ヘ備附其廠ニ於テ製作可致此旨相達候事但入費之儀ハ其廠額金之内ヲ以取計 追而不足之節可申出事 十年一月八日 陸軍卿山県有朋'
- 織田・徳川方の3000丁という量の鉄砲、さらに鉄砲隊を3つに分け、鉄砲の弾込めによるタイムロスをなくす三段撃ち戦法で、最強と呼ばれた武田の騎馬隊を破ったというのが有名な通説である。
- A standard and well-known explanation is that Takeda's cavalry, known as the most powerful, was defeated by the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces which employed as many as 3,000 teppo in the 'sandan-uchi' tactics in which the gunners were arranged in three lines to compensate for the teppo's slow reloading.
- さらに講武所の設置と前後して、安政2年(1855年)9月には徒士、安政3年(1856年)1月には小十人に対して砲術師範の江川英敏への入門が義務付けされ、洋式銃砲の訓練が始められた。
- In November 1855, about the same time as the establishment of kobu-jo, kachi (Foot Guards) was obliged to study gunnery, while Kojunin (Escort Guard) was obliged to study gunnery in February 1856, under 江川英敏 who was the grandmaster of gunnery, thus, the training of western-style gunnery was commenced.
- 一説には大筒3門の他、大鉄砲を多数備え、船体に厚さ3mmの鉄板を鋲で貼り付けた長さ12~13間(21.8m~23.6m)、幅7間(12.7m)の1500石積みの巨船といわれている。
- One theory says that it was a huge ship of 139 cubic meters in loading capacity with 21.8 to 23.6m in length and 12.7m in width, equipped with three ozutsu (Japanese artilleries) and many odeppo (big guns) and the surface of the body was tacked with iron plates 3mm in thickness.
- 開拓長官時代、商船に乗船したとき、酒に酔って船に設置されていた大砲(当時は海賊避けのため商船も武装していた)で面白半分に岩礁を射撃しようとして誤射し、住民を殺めてしまったことがある。
- While serving as Chief Hokkaido Development Commissioner, Kuroda was on board a merchant ship and, when he became drunk, tried to shoot the shore reef with a cannon on ship for fun (merchant ships of the time were also armed to avoid pirates) and killed a resident.
- 戦国時代(日本)に種子島へ鉄砲(火縄銃)が伝来された史実を領主である種子島久時が、父種子島時堯の鉄砲入手とその製法確立の過程を薩摩国大竜寺の和尚である南浦文之に編纂させたものである。
- The book is based on the account given by Hisatoki TANEGASHIMA, a local lord, concerning the historical fact of the transmission of guns (specifically, arquebuses) to Japan on Tanegashima island during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States), describing how Hisatoki's father Tokitaka TANEGASHIMA had acquired guns and established his gun manufacturing process; this account was edited by the abbot of Satsuma Province's Dairyu-ji Temple, Bunshi Nanpo.
- 大名などの主君から給人へ課せられる軍役は「馬上○騎、弓○張、鉄砲○挺、鑓○本、旗○本」といった具合であったが、これに小荷駄隊や下人などの人夫もあわせた総人数が規定されることもあった。
- The military services imposed on the middle and lower ranking samurai who offered military services to the lord by lords such as the territorial lords were defined by 'the number of Mounted Warriors, the number of Bows, the number of Muskets, the number of Spears, and the number of Banners,' to which manpower including the numbers of such laborers as caravan of men and animals carrying supplies and low ranked people was sometimes additionally defined.
- また本所屋敷は当初鉄砲州上屋敷から運び出した品を収納していたが、それも随時運び出して、3月22日 (旧暦)(4月27日)には安井彦右衛門から加藤泰恒(伊予国 大洲藩主)に引き渡された。
- Although the residence in Honjo was initially used to store Asano's belongings removed from the Tepposhu Kamiyashiki, it was handed over from Hikoemon YASUI to Yasutsune KATO (the lord of Ozu Domain in Iyo Province) on April 27 after the goods were transported to somewhere else.
- しかし、15世紀にはいり大砲、銃が活躍し出すと、火薬を使った銃弾の威力は高さの優位を減少させ、大砲の使用により高いが比較的薄い壁は容易に打ち壊され、また高い建造物は大砲の標的となった。
- However, when cannons and guns came into wider use in the fifteenth century, the power of bullets with gunpowder reduced the superiority of height, while cannons destroyed high and relatively thin walls with ease while high buildings became excellent targets for cannons.
- ただ、実際には、刀や脇差の上納と没収が名目上で展開されたのみで、祭祀に用いる武具や害獣駆除のための鉄砲などは所持を許可されるなど、刀狩の展開後も農村には大量の武器が存在したままだった。
- Actually, however, the katanagari edict developed as a means to deliver or confiscate swords and short swords, while arms used for religious ceremonies and muskets for getting rid of noxious beasts were still allowed, leaving a great deal of weapons in the villages even after the execution of the katanagari edict.
- 1576年の第一次木津川口の戦いで毛利水軍・村上水軍の使用する焙烙火矢の前に大敗したため、織田信長が九鬼嘉隆に命じ、大筒・大鉄砲を装備し、焙烙が効かない鉄甲船6隻を伊勢国で建造させた。
- Since Nobunaga ODA suffered a major defeat in the first battle of Kizugawaguchi due to the horokuhiya (cooking-pot fire arrows) used by the Mori navy and the Murakami navy, he ordered Yoshitaka KUKI to build six bombproof armored warships equipped with ozutsu (a kind of cannon) and odeppo (Japanese hand culverin) in Ise Province.
- 慶長7年(1602年)2月1日に、おそらくは長年の家康に対する奉公による過労と島津義弘の軍を追撃していた際に義弘の軍の鉄砲隊が撃った銃弾による鉄砲傷が癒えないまま、破傷風が元で死去した。
- Naomasa died on March 24, 1602, probably from overwork in serving Ieyasu for many years, and tetanus caused by the bullet wound he received from Yoshihiro's musket troops while chasing his army.
- 九鬼嘉隆指揮の織田水軍は、石山本願寺支援のため大坂湾に入った毛利水軍と木津川口で海戦となり、織田軍の6隻の鉄甲船に搭載された大筒・大鉄砲の火力の前に毛利水軍・村上水軍600隻は惨敗した。
- The Oda navy led by Yoshitaka KUKI encountered the Mori navy which entered into Osaka Bay to support Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple and had a naval battle with them, then 600 ships of the Mori navy and the Murakami navy suffered a crushing defeat before the power of ozutsu and odeppo loaded onto the Oda navy's six armored warships.
- 京極軍は家臣赤尾伊豆守、山田大炊以下、奮戦し、7日間持ち堪えたが、9月13日 (旧暦)からは近くの長等山から大砲で砲撃を受け、砲弾は眼下に落ちるような勢いで天守その他の建築物を破壊した。
- Kyogoku Army including AKAO Izu no kami (Governor of Izu Province) and Oi YAMADA fought to defend the castle for seven days, but, on October 19, they were attacked with cannons from nearby Mt. Nagara and the cannonballs rained down on the keep and other buildings of the castle, destroying them.
- 織田方が川を渡ろうとすると人馬が足を取られて前進できず、また川を越えた者も湿地帯で動きが鈍っている所に、頭上から25人ずつが二列横隊を組んで間断なく鉄砲で狙い撃ち、さらに弓隊が射立てた。
- While some of the Oda army could not move in the river and others who crossed the river could not progress quickly in the marsh, two rows of 25 soldiers each shot them with guns without interruption and furthermore, other units shot them with bows.
- 5月22日、川村参軍は第4旅団1個大隊半・別働第3旅団2個中隊を右翼、別働第1旅団2個大隊半を左翼として軍艦4隻と小舟に分乗させ、艦砲で援護しながら重富に上陸させて薩軍の後方を攻撃させた。
- On May 22, Sangun KAWAMURA made one and a half battalions of the 4th brigade and two companies of the detached 3rd brigade as the right flank and two and a half battalions of the detached 1st brigade as the left flank get on board four warships and small boats, and made the troops land at Shigetomi while supporting them with bombardment from the warships and made them attack the Satsuma army in the rear.
- 1867年(慶応3年)、徳川慶喜の無罪を訴え薩摩藩を訴える討薩表を持ち旧幕府軍の先鋒を率い京都に向かう途中、鳥羽 (洛外)の関所を守る薩摩藩士椎原小弥太と問答の末、薩摩藩陣地から発砲される。
- In 1867, while he was bringing an action against Satsuma clan to appeal for Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's innocence with the statement to the Emperor to avenge Satsuma in hand, and leading the spearhead of the old shogunate army toward Kyoto, he was fired from the encampment of Satsuma clan at the end of answering the questionings from Koyata SHIIHARA, who was the feudal retainer of Satsuma guarding the checking station of Toba (Rakugai [outskirts of Koyo]).
- これまで足軽は戦闘の主役ではなかったが、戦国時代 (日本)を迎え集団戦が本格化・大規模化していくと、訓練された槍・弓 (武器)・鉄砲の足軽隊が組織され備の主要な部隊として活躍するようになる。
- Ashigaru had not yet been utilized as the main element of battle forces but as they became more well organized and increased in number during the Sengoku period (Japan), they were given training and ashigaru units bearing spears, bows (weapons) and guns were created, going on to form the backbones of armies.
- 忠邦はまた、阿片戦争における清の敗北により、従来の外国船に対する異国船打払令を改めて薪水給与令を発令して柔軟路線に転換する一方、江川英龍や高島秋帆に西洋流砲術を導入させて、近代軍備を整えさせた。
- In response to the defeat of Qing Dynasty in the Opium Wars, Tadakuni shifted his foreign policy to more flexible one by amending the conventional edict to repel foreign vessels to the law to provide water and fuel for foreign ships, while he ordered Hidetatsu EGAWA and Shuhan TAKASHIMA to introduce the western style gunnery and the modern military buildup.
- 石山合戦の際に討伐に4年もかかった件については相手に鉄砲が多く力攻めが無理であり調略のきかない本願寺勢であること、海上封鎖ができず海から本願寺に兵糧を運びこめたことを考えれば致し方ないといえる。
- The four years it took for subjugation in the Ishiyama War was never too long when we consider that a forcible attack could not be carried out because the enemy owned many guns, that stratagems were ineffective on the army of Hongan-ji Temple, and that the enemy could carry army provisions into Hongan-ji Temple from the sea, which could not be blockaded.
- 日本の合戦では戦闘時、上級武士の指揮下に少人数ずつの銃手(鉄砲足軽)が組織化されて、この戦闘単位ごとに勲功を競うといった運用形態をとっていたこともあり、個々の銃手の命中率が重要視されたのである。
- At the time of a battle in Japan, gunners (teppo-ashigaru, foot soldiers fighting with firearms) were organized in small groups under the command of high-ranking warriors, and these units vied for exploits of war, therefore accuracy rate of individual gunners was of high concern.
- また銃剣の登場もこれに大きく寄与していると考えられるが、同時にこの時代は大砲の運用が飛躍的に改良されており、銃兵の交替射撃のみが戦線の状況を変革させたと論じるのは未だ大きな検討を要するであろう。
- Also, the appearance of bayonet drill is considered to have contributed much to this, but at the same time, during this period the operation of the cannon was dramatically improved and it still needs much revision to argue that only the exchange shooting of fusiliers transformed the battle line situation.
- この砲撃では国友製3貫目の大砲が用いられており、また6月頃にイギリスより購入したカルバリン砲4門、セーカー砲1門や7日前に兵庫港に到着したオランダ製4・5貫目の大砲12門も含まれていると思われる。
- In these bombardments 3 kanme (unit of weight) of ozutsu made in Kunitomo were used, and probably four culverins imported from England about in June, one Saker and 4.5 kanme of 12 Dutch cannons that had arrived in Hyogo Port seven days before were included.
- 虎拳(とらけん)は、襖をしめて、左右の部屋で、虎・女物・鉄砲のいずれかを身につけて待ち、襖を開くと、虎女(和藤内(=鄭成功)の母)鉄砲(和藤内あるいは加藤清正)虎という三すくみで勝負がつく拳遊び。
- Toraken is a game played in three Japanese rooms divided by closed Fusuma (Japanese sliding door) where people choose to wear or hand a tiger costume, women's clothes (implying Torajo, literally, a tiger woman, the mother of Watonai, another name of Seiko TEI - Zheng Chenggong or musket - implying Watonai or Kiyomasa KATO) and wait until the fusuma is opened, and they run off to decide who wins.
- その理由として、戦国期においては鎧武者による射撃に適さないことや鉄砲狭間からの射掛けにおいて邪魔であるという用兵上の事情、泰平期においては流儀による形態・射法の継承による硬直化等が指摘されている。
- As for the reason, it is pointed out that it was not appropriate for armored warriors to shoot during the Sengoku period (period of warring states), that it was cumbersome to shoot from gun crenels in tactics, and during peaceful periods the form and style of shooting was inherited through tradition and were rigidified.
- 1864年(元治元年)には藩主父子の赦免などを求めて京へ軍事的に進行する禁門の変が起こると、朝廷は長州藩が京都御所へ向かって発砲を行ったことを理由に長州を朝敵とし、幕府に対して長州征討の勅命を下す。
- When the Kinmon no Hen (Conspiracy of Kinmon) occurred in 1864, in which the Choshu clan advanced its army toward Kyoto in order to ask for the Imperial Court's pardon for its lord and his son, the Imperial Court branded the Choshu clan as the Emperor's enemy for the reason that its soldiers fired at Kyoto Imperial Palace, and gave an imperial order to the bakufu to conquer the Choshu clan.
- これを「入鉄砲出女」と言うが、江戸在住の大名の妻が密かに領国へ帰国することと、江戸での軍事活動を可能にする江戸方面への鉄砲の流入の2つが、幕府によって厳重に規制されたのである(童謡「通りゃんせ」)。
- These were collectively known as the restriction on 'letting in guns and letting out women,' referring to the severe limitations placed by the bakufu on two things, namely the ability of the wives of daimyo stationed in Edo to return in secret to their own territories, and the influx of guns into the Edo region, the latter of which might render military action against the bakufu feasible (In a children's song, 'Toryanse' [Ain't gettin' by!].)
- 台湾出兵時に西郷従道が装備したガトリング砲も九州へ送られるなど、徴兵で構成された政府軍は精強な薩摩士族相手に戦うために、相当な意気込みを見せたが、一番肝心な歩兵銃の弾薬調達でトラブルが発生していた。
- The government army, which consisted of conscripts, was so enthusiastic about fighting against the powerful band of warrior class in Satsuma that it even sent the Gatling gun that had been equipped by Tsugumichi SAIGO for the Taiwan expedition to Kyushu but had a trouble in the essential matter of supplying ammunition for infantry rifle.
- 5月20日 (旧暦)夜、酒井忠次率いる東三河衆の他、織田軍・金森長近などの与力、また鉄砲500丁を持たせた計約3000名という連合軍の大部隊(『信長公記』によると約4000名)が、密かに豊川を渡河。
- During the night of July 18, the great allied forces, comprising the Migashimikawa army under Tadatsugu SAKAI, the yoriki (assistants to commanders) including Nagachika KANAMORI of the Oda force, and approximately 3,000 (or 4,000 men according to 'The Shinchoko-ki') with 500 teppo, crossed Toyo-gawa River in secret.
- 朝鮮総督府警察は普通警察に移行した後も、日本内地の警察には無い機関銃、野砲等の重装備を保有しており、日本の支配が及ばない中国領から越境してくる独立派武装勢力との戦闘を行うなど警察軍的性格を有していた。
- The Chosen Sotoku-fu Police possessed heavy arms including machine guns and field guns, which the police in the mainland in Japan didn't, even after they were shifted to the regular police, and they had a character as a police army, which fought against pro-independent armed groups crossing the border of the Chinese territory which was out of Japan's control.
- 鉄砲による損害に関しては「三段撃ちこそ無かったものの、1000丁という大量の鉄砲の一斉掃射による轟音によって武田の馬が冷静さを失い、騎馬隊を大混乱に陥れたのではないか」とする説がある(井沢元彦ほか)。
- Concerning the damage done by the teppo, some scholars (such as Motohiko IZAWA) have suggested that 'although the sandan-uchi tactics was not carried out, the horses of the Takeda cavalry were upset when 1,000 teppo were fired at the same time and brought it into great confusion.'
- 天文23年(1554年)には大友氏から鉄砲と火薬の秘伝書(『鉄放薬方并調合次第』)を手に入れたり、永禄3年(1560年)にはガスパル・ヴィレラにキリスト教の布教を許すなど、新しい物に目敏かったようだ。
- In 1554, Yoshiteru got rifles and a secret recipe for making gunpowder called 'Teppokusurikata narabini chogo shidai' from the Otomo clan, and in 1560, he allowed Gaspar Vilela to preach Christianity, and these facts illustrate that he had a great interest in new things.
- 徳川氏に仕えることとなったのは、長男の柳生厳勝は久秀配下として筒井順慶と戦ったとき、鉄砲により戦傷を負い、次男の柳生久斎と三男の柳生徳斎は僧侶となり、四男の柳生宗章は中村一氏に仕官していたからである。
- Munetoshi's first son Yoshikatsu YAGYU had served Hisahide and in the battle against Junkei TSUTSUI, he had been shot and badly injured; the second son Kyusai YAGYU and the third son Tokusai YAGYU had become priests; and the fourth son Muneaki YAGYU had served Kazuuji NAKAMURA; so when Ieyasu requested Munetoshi to become an instructor, only Munenori happened to be available for serving the Tokugawa clan.
- 1923年12月27日、難波大助(なんば だいすけ)が虎ノ門で第48帝国議会の開院式に向かう摂政・皇太子裕仁親王(後の昭和天皇)の車に向けてステッキ状の拳銃を発砲・狙撃し、現行犯で逮捕された暗殺未遂事件。
- The Toranomon Incident was an assassination attempt occurred on December 27, 1923 at Toranomon, by Daisuke NANBA who fired a stick-shaped gun at Imperial Prince Hirohito (later the Emperor Showa), then-regent and crown prince, when Prince was heading by car for the opening ceremony of the 48th Imperial Diet, and Nanba was arrested red-handed.
- 日本の合戦は中世の弓や近世の鉄砲などといった遠距離兵器が主体であり、中距離での戦いは槍などで闘ったあと、短刀や鎧通しで頸動脈を切るための組み打ちで終結するため、日本刀は槍の補助として使われる事が多かった。
- Battles in Japan had mainly long-distance weapons including bows in the middle age and guns in the modern age, and as for a middle-distance fight, after fighting with Yari (spears), they ended up wrestling to cut the carotid artery by Tanto (short sword) or Yoroidoshi (knife going through armor), so Japanese swords were usually used as assistance for Yari.
- が、永禄11年(1568年)、宇喜多直家に主力の重臣である宇垣与右衛門を謀殺され、さらに直家の調略により虎倉城主の伊賀久隆に寝返られ、同年7月、宇喜多勢に金川城を攻撃され元輝は伊賀久隆の鉄砲隊により討死。
- In 1568, however, Yoemon UGAKI, his important senior vassal, was killed by Naoie UKITA, and Hisataka IGA, the lord of Kogura-jo Castle, went over to the other side by Naoie's plot, and in August in the same year, Kanagawa-jo Castle was attacked by the Ukita's forces, and Mototeru was killed by the firearms troop of Hisataka IGA.
- また、政治的な理由からか態度を何度も豹変させた徳川慶喜や、勤王を唱えながらも禁裏に砲火を浴びせた薩長、ならびに元は攘夷を叫びながら明治になれば開国・開明を唱える人々に対して、深い不満を抱いていた様である。
- He also seemed to have strongly disapproved toward Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, who frequently changed his attitude suddenly due to political reasons, Saccho (Satsuma Domain and Choshu Domain) who vowed loyalty toward the emperor but fired guns toward the palace, and people, who originally shouted for the exclusion of foreigners and once the Meiji era began, talked about Kaikoku (the opening of Japan) and Kaimei (enlightenment).
- ついで、同年12月13日辰刻(午前九時頃)に尼崎城の近く、織田信忠が陣をはっていた七つ松に有岡城の本丸にいた人質が護送され、97本の磔柱を建て家臣の妻子122名に死の晴着をつけ、鉄砲で殺害されたようである。
- Around nine o'clock in the morning on January 9, 1580, hostages in honmaru of Arioka-jo Castle were sent to Nanatsumatsu where Nobutada ODA had taken up a position and 97 crosses were erected and 122 wives and children of subordinates were made to wear festive dress and killed with guns.
- 澳門のポルトガル人銃砲商が発注した銃器94函、弾薬40函及び石炭等を積載して神戸を出た汽船第二辰丸は、澳門前面の水域において清国拱北関の巡視船四隻に武器密輸の嫌疑で拿捕され、日章旗を撤去、広東に廻航された。
- A stream ship Dai-ni Tatsumaru, carrying 49 boxes of firearms, 40 boxes of ammunition and coal, etc. ordered by a Portuguese weapons merchant in Macao, left Kobe, was captured by four patrol boats of 拱北関, Qing in the water area before Macao, deprived of the Japanese (rising sun) flag and taken to Guangdong, on a charge of smuggling arms.
- これは、結局、当時の国力の差は歴然としており、この状況下、この(日本側としては)無念極まりない要求も受け入れざる得なかったものとされるが、捕縛ではなく発砲による殺傷を目的とした野蛮な対応に外国は震撼せしめた。
- This incident ended up in the matter of the involved countries' power and footing at that time, and with the outstanding power of France, Japan had no choice but to accept the unconditional requests, but at the same time, it was true that Japan's primitive action using a gun instead of a rope frightened off foreign countries.
- 開戦原因のひとつとなった鹿児島属廠のスナイドル弾薬製造設備は、2月13日に大阪砲兵工廠に設置されたが、鹿児島から搬出した際に部品の不備や破損が生じていたため、稼働させるには修理と部品の追加購入が必要となった。
- On February 13, the production equipment of Snider Ammunition from the arsenal in Kagoshima, which was one of the reasons for the war, was set up in the arsenal in Osaka; but some parts of the equipment had been lost and some had been damaged during the transportation from Kagoshima, the government army had to repair and purchase additional parts to operate the equipment.
- 天保年間に高島秋帆によって西欧の火器用兵術が紹介され、殊に武州徳丸原(ぶしゅうとくまるがはら=現、東京都板橋区高島平)での公開演練の後は、江戸幕府や西南雄藩において「高島流砲術」として導入され急速に普及した。
- During the Tenpo era, Western firearm strategy was brought by Shuhan TAKASHIMA; after its demonstration conducted in the open military drill held in Bushu Tokumarugahara (present-day Takashimadaira, Itabashi Ward, Tokyo), it was adopted as 'gunnery of Takashima school' by the Edo shogunate and the southwest strong domains, and spread quickly.
- 国友 一貫斎(くにとも いっかんさい、九代目国友 藤兵衛(- とうべえ) 安永7年10月3日 (旧暦)(1778年11月21日) - 天保11年12月3日 (旧暦)(1840年12月26日))は鉄砲鍛冶師、発明家。
- Ikkansai KUNITOMO (November 21, 1778 - December 26, 1840), the ninth Tobei KUNITOMO, was a gun (teppo in Japanese) smith and an inventor.
- ペリーの『日本遠征記』によると、2度の来航で100発以上の空砲を祝砲、礼砲、号砲の名目で撃っており、日本側史料には、これが大混乱を巻き起こしたことが記録されているが、いずれも被害は無く、実戦は行っていないはずである。
- According to Perry's 'Narratives of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan,' over 100 blanks were fired during the squadron's two visits for the purposes of celebration, appreciation, and signaling, while Japanese sources write that these gun shots created great confusion, but there was no damage, and it is unlikely that actual fighting occurred.
- 浦賀は見物人でいっぱいになり、勝手に小船で近くまで繰り出し、上船して接触を試みるものもあったが、幕府から武士や町人に対して、十分に警戒するようにとのお触れが出ると、実弾砲撃の噂と共に、次第に不安が広がるようになった。
- Uraga filled with spectators, some of whom boarded small boats to get closer to the ships, while others even tried to climb aboard and make contact with the sailors, but once the Shogunate had issued an order to the samurai and merchant classes that expressed the need for caution, eventually a sense of fear spread, with the rumors of live artillery.
- 天正元年(1573年)9月の一乗谷城の戦い、天正2年(1574年)7月の長島一向一揆、天正3年(1575年)5月の長篠の戦いなどでは佐々成政、野々村正成、福富秀勝、塙直政らと共に鉄砲奉行としての参戦が確認されている。
- In the cases of battles like the Battle of Ichijodani-jo Castle in October of 1573, Nagashima Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers in Nagashima) in August of 1574, and the Battle of Nagashino in June of 1575, it has been verified that Toshiie took part in these wars as a teppo bugyo (commander of the firearms troop) along with Narimasa SASSA, Masanari NONOMURA, HIdekatsu FUKUTOMI, Naomasa BAN and others.
- 豊臣方も同じく兵糧に加え弾薬の欠乏や徳川方が仕掛けた心理戦、大砲で櫓・陣屋などに被害を受けて将兵は疲労し、また豊臣家で主導的立場にあった淀殿も本丸への砲撃で身近に被害が及び、態度を軟化させて和議に応じたという(16日)。
- With lack of army provisions and ammunition, psychological warfare that the Tokugawa side conducted, and damages of the towers and camps by cannons, the Toyotomi officers and soldiers had been exhausted, and also Yodo-dono, who was in a leading position in the Toyotomi Family, having seeing damage around her brought by bombardments to Honmaru, Toyotomi side decided to take a softer line, and agreed to have peace negotiations (16th) (the old calendar).
- 葬列(車列)は自衛隊による21発の弔砲に送られて皇居正門を出発し、葬送曲「哀の極」の奏楽の中を桜田門、国会議事堂正門前、憲政記念館前、三宅坂、赤坂見附、青山一丁目、外苑前、青山三丁目を経て新宿御苑の葬場総門に到着した後、
- After the funeral motorcade departed from the main gate of the Imperial Palace as the Japan Self-Defense Forces made a twenty-one gun funeral salute, it passed the Sakurada-mon Gate, the main gate of the Diet Building, Parliamentary Museum, Miyakezaka, Akasakamitsuke, Aoyama 1-chome, Gaienmae, and Aoyama 3-chome with playing the funeral music called 'Kanashimi no Kiwami' (a funeral march composed by Franz Eckert) before reaching the main gate of the funeral place at the Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden.
- 同乗していたポルトガル人(「牟良叔舎」、「喜利志多佗孟太」)が火縄銃を所持しており、鉄砲の実演を行い種子島島主である種子島恵時・種子島時尭親子がそのうち2挺を購入して研究を重ね、刀鍛冶の八板金兵衛に命じて複製を研究させる。
- Two Portuguese onboard (probably Francisco Zeimot and Antonio da Motta) had matchlock guns and gave a demonstration for Masatoki TANEGASHIMA and his son Tokitaka TANEGASHIMA, who purchased two of them and ordered Kinbei YAITA, a swordsmith, to investigate and replicate them.
- 明治37年11月30日、苦戦を強いられていた帝国陸軍は第3軍司令官・希典と児玉源太郎陸軍大将の戦略で203高地を進軍していたが、この時に保典が砲弾に打たれたショックで岸壁から滑落、岩場に激突し、頭が砕けて戦死した(即死)。
- On November 30, 1904, when the Imperial Army which faces an uphill battle attacked 203 high land under the strategy of the third commander Maresuke and the Army General Gentaro KODAMA, Yasusuke was hit by crump, fell down from a quay and crashed into rocks, and his head was pulverized and he died (immediate death).
- 装填に時間と防御上の弱点が生じることを解決する手段として、縦列で行進する銃兵の最前者が発砲し、発砲後直ちに最後尾に駆け戻って装填作業をしながら行進を続行するという方式が考え出されたが、それを行うには非常に訓練を必要とした。
- To solve the weak point of the time needed to load and aspects of defenses, one method was contrived, in which, just after the front man of fusiliers marching in a column line shot, he ran back to the end of the line while loading, but it required much practice to do this.
- 25年には一転して強硬な異国船打払令(文政令)が出され、文化5年(1808年)にはイギリス船が長崎へ上陸して食料を奪うフェートン号事件が起こり、1837年には浦賀に侵入したアメリカ商船に大砲が打たれるモリソン号事件が起こる。
- In a turn of events, a strict edict known as the Order for the Repelling of Foreign Ships was issued in 1825 following the 1808 Phaeton Incident in which a British ship pillaged food in Nagasaki; by 1837 the Morrison Incident occurred in which an American ship sailing into Uraga was attacked by cannon.
- しかし、嘉隆は淡輪での戦いと同様に、鉄甲船を相手の大将が乗っていると思われる舟に近づけては大砲を打ち込んで撃沈するという方法で相手を打ち崩し、ついには毛利水軍の舟数百艘を木津沖に追い返すことに成功した(第二次木津川口の戦い)。
- However, like in the battle in Tannowa, Yoshitaka used the tactic in which the armored warships approached and shot cannons to the ships which the opponent general probably was aboard to sink them, and finally succeeded in repelling hundreds of Mori's ships to the sea off Kizu (the second Naval Battle of Kizu-gawa River Estuary).
- しかし、事件から9日後に提出された公式報告書(9月)では、測量等のために朝鮮側の官僚と面会しようとして武装端艇でその陣営近くまで遡航し、さらに朝鮮側に断ることなく奥(ソウル方面)へと進もうとして砲台から砲撃されたと記されていた。
- However, the official report (September) which was submitted nine days after the incident describes that Japan approached Korea's camp by warship to meet the Korea's bureaucrats for the purpose of measuring and so on, and when they advanced more (toward Seoul) without permission from Korea, they were attacked from Korea's gun battery.
- 九州や中国地方の戦国大名から、やがて天下統一事業を推進していた尾張国の織田信長が1575年(天正3年)に武田氏との長篠の戦いをはじめとする戦で、鉄砲を有効活用したとされ、鉄砲が戦争における主力兵器として活用される軍事革命が起こる。
- The use of guns spread from the Kyushu and Chugoku regions to the eastern part of Japan, and Nobunaga ODA of Owari Province, who was promoting the unification of Japan, strategically used guns in battles including the Battle of Nagashino in 1575, opening the new era of military technology in which firearms became the main weapon in battle.
- また、鉄砲が広まった後も天候に関係なく無音で射て、速射性に優れ安価である事、鉄砲と異なり弭槍(弓の先端に槍の穂を付け、緊急時に槍とするもの)で近距離でもある程度は対抗できるといった理由があるため、数を減らしながらも用いられ続けた。
- Furthermore, even after the spread of guns, bows and arrows remained in use even with a decrease in number, because arrows could be shot soundlessly regardless of the weather, and they could be shot quickly, and they were inexpensive, and furthermore, unlike the guns, hazuyari (the blade of a spear was attached to the tip of the bow, turning it into a spear in acute situations) could be used, to a certain degree, to fight even in short-range battles.
- しかし戦争が終わると地元の農民が自力でその滑走路のコンクリートを剥がし農地に復興させたため、今ではその姿を見ることは出来ないが周辺には物資格納倉庫に加え、敵機を撃墜させるための高射砲も存在し、米軍の機銃掃射の攻撃対象にもなっていた。
- However, when the war was over, since local farmers removed concrete from the runway by themselves, and restored it as agricultural land, the runway no longer exists; however, an antiaircraft gun and storage locker still exists around it, and were the target of machine gun attacks by the U.S. military.
- 明治7年(1874年)、辞職軍人有志の発議で鹿児島の青少年の教養のために私学校がつくられたとき、篠原国幹が銃隊学校、村田新八が砲隊学校・賞典学校(幼年学校)を監督し、桐野は翌年つくられた吉野開墾社を指導して、率先して開墾事業に励んだ。
- In 1874, when Shigakko (literally, private school) was established for the education of youths in Kagoshima on the initiative of interested retired soldiers, Kunimoto SHINOHARA supervised a school for the shooting squad, Shinpachi MURATA, a school for battery and a school for little boys, and Kirino, the Yoshino reclaimation company, which was established the next year, and he took the initiative of reclaimation activity.
- 天正元年(1573年)8月に越中国と加賀国の国境にある朝日山城を攻めた際に、一向一揆による鉄砲の乱射を受けて謙信は一時撤退を命じたが、吉江景資の子・与次だけは弾が飛び交う中で奮戦して撤退しようとしなかったため、謙信は与次を陣内に拘禁した。
- Kenshin ordered a temporarily withdrawal due to random shooting by an uprising of Ikko sect followers while attacking Asahiyama-jo Castle at the border between Ecchu Province and Kaga Province in September 1573, he demanded Yoji, the son of Kagesuke YOSHIE, to remain in custody within the camp as he fought bravely in a flurry of bullets and did not withdraw as ordered.
- 戦国時代 (日本)中頃には鉄砲の登場により弓は戦場の一線から退くが、実戦から離れても弓術は武術としての地位は変わることなく、時代を経た泰平の江戸時代の世においても弓術は武士の武術 (日本)として、また心身鍛錬の道として依然人気は高かった。
- Around the middle of the Sengoku Period (inJapan), the introduction of firearms retired bows and arrows from actual fighting in battlefields, but Kyujutsu kept the same status as a martial art even after departing the actual fighting, and remained popular as a martial art for Samurai and a way to discipline the mind and body in the peaceful Edo Period.
- 『鉄炮記』によれば、種子島への鉄砲伝来は天文 (元号)12年8月25日 (旧暦)(ユリウス暦1543年9月23日)の出来事で、大隅国(鹿児島県)種子島西之浦湾に漂着した中国船に乗っていた「五峰」と名乗る明の儒生が西村織部と筆談で通訳を行う。
- According to 'Teppoki' (a history book on the introduction of guns), firearms were first brought to Tanegashima Island on October 3, 1543 by a Chinese ship tossed ashore on Nishinoura Bay of Tanegashima Island, Osumi Province (Kagoshima Prefecture) and a Confucian scholar from Ming onboard, who identified himself as Goho, worked as a translator for Oribe NISHIMURA by using written messages.
- 中世にも町屋 (商家)などと共に建てられており、近世、鉄砲の伝来の影響により城郭にも防火・防弾のために漆喰大壁の技術が用いられ、30cm以上の分厚い壁を多用したことで安土桃山時代後期から江戸期前後の櫓や天守などの防御施設は土蔵造りとなった。
- They were also built in the Middle Ages together with tradesmen's houses (merchant's houses), and in modern times, with the arrival of firearms, lime plaster stud wall techniques were also used on castles for fire-proofing and bullet-proofing, and mud walls over 30 centimeters thick as Dozo-zukuri style were extensively used on defensive structures such as guard towers and turrets keep from the late Azuchi-Momoyama period to around the Edo period.
- この戦いは火砲の使用が初めて記録された戦いとしても有名であり、また馬防柵を急造設置したらしい痕跡が現在発掘調査で明らかになりつつあると言われているが、火砲は使用されたとしても極少数であり、使用の事実及び効果に付いてはまだ今後の研究を待つ所が大きい。
- This battle is famous for the first record of the use of the gun, and it is said that the evidence of rapidly established horse-blocking fence is being revealed by an excavation and research, but, even though guns were used, they were very few and the fact and effect of the use of guns still remain to be proven.
- また、大砲戦に対応した西洋式築城の影響を受けて、五稜郭など稜堡式要塞の影響を受けて築城された城もいくつか存在するが、五稜郭以外は、工期・予算を大幅に短縮又は圧縮されてとても実戦に耐えうるものではないもの、廃藩置県により工事が中止になったものがほとんどである。
- There are several castles which were built under the influence of the western castle construction style for artillery battles and the bastion-type fortresses (such as Goryokaku), but except for Goryokaku, they were not fit for actual fighting because of reduced construction period and budget, and the construction work for most of them was suspended by Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures).
- 野戦隊形における集中射撃法が実用化されたのはヨーロッパにおいてであり、最も初期のものはテルシオと呼ばれる、長槍(パイク)の密集方陣の進撃に際して四周に随伴した銃兵が相手方の方陣と至近距離まで接近し、接触寸前になった時点で発砲して第一次打撃を期待するものである。
- It was in Europe that the concentrated shooting method in open battle formation was turned into actual utilization and the earliest called tercio (Spanish square), where, against the advancement of a close-packed formation of pikes, fusiliers accompanying in four directions approach to the formation of the enemies at close range and just before contact, they firstly shoot and expect the first impact blow.
- 幕末になって江戸幕府及び諸藩は、火縄銃装備の「鉄砲組」を廃止し、洋式銃装備の「歩兵隊」や「銃隊」を作る必要に迫られたが、従来の足軽身分のものだけでは不十分なケースが多々見られ、こうした場合、新たに人員を募集し戦国時代の足軽隊に似た歩兵部隊を創設することがあった。
- At the end of the Edo period, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and its domains were forced to eliminate their 'matchlock infantry' armed with matchlocks and to form a 'musket infantry' or 'musket unit' armed with Western style firearms, however, the number of ashigaru (common foot soldiers) was sometimes not enough to form these infantries or units and, in these cases, new members were recruited to create a musket infantry similar to the ashigaru troops in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
- ただし、内戦状態が解消して安定状態がもたらされた江戸時代には、表向き禁止された百姓の一揆が結成され、それによる権益要求の示威活動(強訴)が行われても、一揆側で真に戦闘時に威力を発揮する鉄砲や弓矢といった飛び道具の持ち出しは自粛されるなど、一定の妥協が成立していた。
- In the Edo period after civil wars had ended and the nation was stabilized, although the peasants formed ikki in spite of the ostensible prohibition and held demonstrations (goso) to demand their rights, a certain compromise had been reached, and those on the side of the ikki refrained from using such long range weapons as muskets and bows which were most effective in battle.
- 古式銃とは主に前装式銃砲のことを言うが、初期の後装銃も佐賀藩の主力銃であったスペンサー銃(のちにウインチェスター銃の祖形となった)をはじめ、普仏戦争の主要銃であったシャスポー銃(後に村田式の開発の淵源となった)やドライゼ銃(ツンナール)など類種のものも相当数輸入されていた。
- An ancient gun mainly refers to a muzzle loader, but a large number of several kinds of guns were imported, such as an early breech loader, Spencer Carbine which was the main force gun of the Saga clan (later it became the original form of Winchester rifle), Chassepot rifle which was the main force gun in the Franco-Prussian War (later it became the basis for the development of the Murata-style gun), Dreyse needle-gun (Zundnadel gun) and so on.
- 「備」「衆」「隊」「組」「勢」「手」…本稿に於ける最小戦術単位としての意味以外にそれらを複数有する部隊又はそれらの数え方を指す(例:織田勢、井伊隊、雑賀衆、先備三手など)事やそれ以下の各兵科単位の部隊又はそれらの数え方を指す(例:槍組、鉄砲衆、弓隊、大番六備など)事などがある。
- Other than meaning the smallest unit of military tactics in this paper, 'sonae,' 'shu,' 'tai,' 'kumi,' 'zei' and 'te,' may refer to units that contain multiples of such or the way such things are counted (for example, Oda zei (Oda forces), Ii tai (Ii troops), Saiga shu (gun troop), senbi sante (three vans of an army), and so on), or they may refer to troops of each unit of military branch below such or the way such things are counted (for example, yari gumi (spear fighter unit), teppo shu (gun fighter unit), yumi tai (the arrow-shooting unit), 大番六備).
- 帰蝶を信長に嫁がせた後の聖徳寺(現在の愛知県一宮市(旧尾西市)冨田)で会見した際、「うつけ者」と評されていた信長が多数の鉄砲を護衛に装備させ正装で訪れたことに大変驚き、斎藤利政は信長を見込むと同時に、「我が子たちはあのうつけ(信長)の馬をつなぐようになる」と述べたと信長公記にある。
- According to 'Shincho Koki' (biography of Nobunaga ODA), Toshimasa (Dosan) was very surprised when he met Nobunaga at Shotoku-ji Temple (present-day Tomida, Ichinomiya City (former Nishio City), Aichi Prefecture) after Kicho married Nobunaga, because even though Nobunaga was known as empty-headed he showed up formally dressed and he had his guards equipped with many rifles; Toshimasa SAITO (Dosan) anticipated a bright future for Nobunaga and said, 'My sons will be tying that empty-headed man's (Nobunanga's) horse.'
- 鉄砲の伝来は、初期の火縄銃の形式が東南アジアの加圧式火鋏を持った鳥銃に似ている事や東南アジアにおいても先行して火縄銃が使われていた事などから、種子島への鉄砲伝来に代表されるようなヨーロッパ経由でなく倭寇などの密貿易によって東南アジア方面から持ち込まれたとする説がある(宇田川武久説)。
- Based on the facts that the mechanism of early matchlock guns is similar to that of the choju (guns for bird hunting) of Southeast Asia with a pressurized serpentine arm and the use of matchlock guns in Southeast Asia preceded to use in Japan, some researchers (such as Takehisa UDAGAWA) argue that matchlock guns were introduced into Japan not via Europe, as typified by the introduction of firearms to Tanegashima Island, but through illicit trades with Southeast Asia by wako.
- 幕末になって江戸幕府及び諸藩は、火縄銃装備の「鉄砲組」を廃止し、洋式銃装備の「歩兵隊」や「銃隊」を作る必要に迫られたが、従来の足軽隊は既に整理され事実上消滅し、残りも最低定員で末端役人や治安警備担当に振り分けられていたため、新たに人員を募集し戦国時代の足軽隊に似た歩兵部隊を創設した。
- At the end of the Edo period, the Edo bakufu and the domains abolished the 'firearm units' which bore matchlock guns and there was a growing need to form western-style infantry units and musket units, but due to the fact that the preexisting ashigaru units had already been disbanded and had virtually disappeared, with those remaining serving as low-level officials and security police, new personnel was recruited and infantry units resembling the ashigaru units of the Sengoku period were created.
- 登録は日本刀などと同じく銃に対してなされ、登録を受けた銃器は誰でも所持・所有できるが、実際に実弾・空包の発砲及び火薬の入手所持消費に関しては、その都度(実弾射撃を許可された者は、火薬購入については1年間、また消費は6ヶ月間限定の)所轄の警察署を通じて公安委員会の別途の許可を受ける必要がある。
- The registration is for the gun, like with a Japanese sword, and a registered gun can be possessed by anyone, but in fact, concerning the shooting of live cartridges and blank cartridges, and the purchase, possession and consumption of gunpowder, every time you need to get permission from National Public Safety Commission through the police under jurisdiction (those who get permission to fire live must purchase gunpowder within one year and consume it within six months).
- この頃幕府は武力で勅命を出させ、長州藩主父子の出府、五卿の江戸への差し立て、参勤交代の復活の3事を実現させるために、2老中に4大隊と砲を率いて上京させ、強引に諸藩の宮門警備を幕府軍に交替させようとしていたが、それを拒否する勅書と伝奏が所司代に下され、逆に至急将軍を入洛させるようにとの命が下された。
- At that time, the shogunate ordered an Imperial command by force, to go to the capital of the father and son of the domain of Choshu and to send five nobles to Edo, and sent two councilors to Kyoto with four battalions with guns to realize that revival of three things of Sankin-kotai (daimyo's alternate-year residence in Edo), and they were forced to exchange the security of the Imperial Palace's gates of domain to shogunate army, but Shoshidai (local governor) ordered the bull and Denso (job title referring to one who relays messages of court's people to Emperor) to reject that, instead of that an urgent order sent to the general was urgent.
- 国債・合邦・自主・戦利・特権・平時・民主・盟邦・野蛮・越権・海峡・各処・過大・慣行・管制・急行・強制・共用・協力・君権・現今・現在・合法・公約・誤解・国会・私権・実権・実務・首位・主権・上告・商事・聖書・専権・全国・戦時・戦前・船内・全廃・属地・奪回・直行・特約・突然・物件・砲弾・某国・例外・聯邦・権利etc。
- nation debt, annexation, independence, prize of war, special privilege, time of peace, democratic, allied power, barbarian, exceeding one's authority, strait, in every, excessive, traditional practice, system of government, express, compulsion, common, cooperation, right of ruler, present, present, lawful, pledge, misunderstanding, national assembly, private, real power, practical business affairs, first place, sovereignty, final appeal, business affairs, bible, exclusive prerogative, whole country, wartime, prewar, on boat, total abolition, appurtenant land, recapture, direct, special contract, sudden, article, cannonball, certain country, exception, federation, right etc.
- 流派とは、能(猿楽)、狂言、日本舞踊、棒の手、華道(生け花)、茶道(茶の湯)、包丁式、有職故実、衣紋道、雅楽、書道、日本画、剣術・抜刀術・薙刀術・弓術・砲術・軍学(兵法)などの日本武術などの芸道や日本酒造りなどの分野において、ひとつの体系化された技を継承する集団を指し、開祖の家元・宗家とその門弟により継承される。
- Ryuha is a group of people who inherit a certain systematic expertise or technique in the field of sake brewing and Japanese art including: Noh (and its predecessor Sarugaku); Kyogen (traditional short comedic drama); Nihon Buyo (classical Japanese dance); Bo-no-te (Japanese traditional dance); Kado (Japanese flower arrangement); Sado (tea ceremony); Hochoshiki (schools of Japanese cuisine); Yusoku kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette); Emondo (traditional technique of dressing up for Junihitoe [a ceremonial Robe of a court lady]); Gagaku (Japanese traditional music and dance); shodo (calligraphy); Nihonga (Japanese-style painting); and Japanese martial arts such as kenjutsu (swordplay), battojutsu (the technique of drawing a sword), naginata jutsu (art of using a naginata halberd), kyujutsu (archery), hojutsu (gunnery) and gungaku (art of warfare), and is passed down from the Iemoto or Soke to their students.
- 『鉄炮記』には「天文 (元号)癸卯」(1543年)と記されているが、一方でポルトガル側の史料には鉄砲の伝来を記さないものや、イエズス会の『日本教会史』には1542年(天文11年)の出来事、フェルナン・メンデス・ピントの『東洋遍歴記』には1545年(天文14年)の出来事であると記されているなど年代には諸説が存在する。
- While 'Teppoki' records firearms that were introduced into Japan in 1543, several theories about the date exist including some materials from the Portuguese side do not even cover the event and 'Nihon Kyokai Shi' (História Da Igreja Do Japão) compiled by the Society of Jesus mentions that it was in 1542 and the 'Toyo Henreki Ki' (Peregrinacao) by Fernão Mendes Pinto states that it was in 1545.
- 次弾発砲までに「銃身内の火薬残滓を洗い矢で拭う」(数発撃つと銃腔にすすがこびり付き弾が入らなくなるため、槊杖の先に水に濡らした布を付けて拭う)「火穴にせせり(ヴェントピック)を通す」「銃身を冷やす」(但し、1分間に1発程度のペースで発砲するのであればこの必要は全くない)など、一般に次弾装塡の際に行うべき事は多いと言われる。
- It is said that in general there are many things to do when loading the next bullet, such as 'clean out the residuary gunpowder from inside the gun barrel with a cleaning rod' (after shooting a few bullets the gun barrel soots up and the lead shot cannot be inserted, and thus it is washed with a ramrod with a wet cloth on the end), 'stick a ventpick in the fire hole,' 'cool the gun barrel down' (however, if one shoots every minute, it is not necessary) and so on.
- こうした自検断権の裏づけとなる軍事警察力の保証としての武器の保有も、建前上は刀狩以降放棄した形式をとり、百姓身分の者は身分表象としての帯刀を放棄することでそれを示していたが、実際は個々の村には膨大な数の刀槍、鉄砲が神仏への献納物、あるいは害獣駆除の名目で備蓄されており、明治維新以降も国家権力はあからさまにこれに手をつけられない状態であった。
- After the Sword Hunt, keeping arms that supported the right to judge criminal cases as a safeguard military police power had the form of waiving the right and people in a farming rank showed their waiver by not wearing a sword, their rank symbol, but actually an individual community had big stockpiles of swords, spears, and guns under the pretext of dedicating things to Shinto and Buddhist deities or the extermination of harmful animals and the governmental powers could not openly touch them even after the Meiji Restoration.
- (アルケビュス)については一つの説として、さらに初期の手砲の一形式に棒の先につけた金属筒に鉤状の突起を設け、発射時は鉤を委託物に引っかけ棒を地上に押さえ付けて発射した形式があり、これをドイツ語系で(ハーケン・ビュクセ=鉤付筒)と呼んだだのが語源で、フランス語系で類似した(アーケン・ビュッス→アルケブス)と発音が訛化したのであろうという説がある。
- As one theory for 'arquebus,' there is one form where, as one form of the early hand gun, hook-shaped jut was put on an iron tube attached on the tip of stick and when shooting the hook was attached to something and the stick was pushed into the earth, and one theory says that it was called 'Hakenbüchse = a tube with a hook' in German and became the word origin and in French the similar pronunciation (Arquen bus =>arquebus) was accented.
- 浅野内匠頭の弟であり、兄の養子に入っていた浅野長広は刃傷発生を知ると即刻伝奏屋敷(現在の東京都千代田区丸の内1-4日本工業倶楽部)から鉄砲州の上屋敷(現在の東京都中央区 (東京都)明石町 (東京都中央区)聖路加国際病院)に駆けつけたが、浅野内匠頭の正室の阿久里(後の瑤泉院)から上野介の生死について問われても答えられないほど狼狽していたといわれる。
- It is said that when Nagahiro ASANO, who was a brother of Asano Takumi no Kami and his adopted son, rushed from the residence for imperial envoys (current location of Japan Industrial Club at 1-4 Marunouchi, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo) to the Tepposhu Kamiyashiki (one of the residences granted to the feudal lord) (current location of St. Luke's International Hospital in Akashi-cho, Chuo Ward, Tokyo) as soon as he received the news about the attack, he was in such panic and unable to answer any question from Asano Takumi no Kami's wife Aguri (later known as Yozenin) about Kozuke no suke's survival.
- 渡辺家はもともと徳川家康の家来で「槍の半蔵」の異名を取った渡辺守綱(天文 (元号)11年(1542年) - 元和 (日本)6年(1620年))の末裔であるが、鉄砲にも興味を持ち、その鋳造に用いる火を起こすのに青松葉を使ったとか、知行地から年貢を受け取るとき、青松葉を俵に挿して数えた、などという逸話が多いことから「青松葉の渡辺」といわれていたらしい。
- The Watanabe family was originally a descendant of Moritsuna WATANABE (1542 - 1620), whose imyo (another name) was 'Hanzo of Spear' and was a retainer of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and there were many anecdotes such as that the family was also interested in teppo (gun) and aomatsuba (blue pine needle) was used for starting a fire to cast it or that when taking nengu (land tax) from chigyo-chi (territory) they were counted with aomatsuba inserted in the bales, which is why they were called 'WATANABE of aomatsuba.'
- 3月16日 (旧暦)(4月23日)中に家財の積み出し作業も終わって赤穂藩士は全員鉄砲州の上屋敷から引き払い、申の刻(午後4時頃)には広島藩兵たちも引き上げて、戸田氏定がひとまずの管理者となったが、3月17日 (旧暦)(4月24日)には同屋敷は新しい主となった出羽国新庄藩主戸沢正誠に引き渡され、さらに3月22日 (旧暦)(4月27日)には小浜藩主酒井忠囿の屋敷となった。
- When they finished removing Asano's belongings on April 23 and retainers of Ako Domain as well as Hiroshima Domain left the Tepposhu Kamiyashiki by 4 p.m., Ujisada TODA became a temporal manager until it was handed over to the lord of Shinjo Domain, Dewa Province Masanobu TOZAWA on April 24, and it then became the residence for the lord of Obama Domain Tadasono SAKAI on April 27.
- また、川路聖謨、江川英龍などの幕府要人、渡辺崋山、桂川甫周などの蘭学者、箕作省吾などの地理学者、司馬江漢、谷文晁ら画家、砲術家 高島秋帆、海外渡航者の大黒屋光太夫、足立左内、潁川君平、中山作三郎ら和蘭通詞、オランダ商館長(カピタン)のスチュルレ(Johan Willem de Sturler)など、当時の政治、文化、外交の中枢にある人々と広く交流を持って洋学界にも大きく寄与した。
- He also greatly contributed to the development of western studies by his wide-ranging exchanges with the central people of that time in politics, culture, diplomacy such as Toshiakira KAWAJI and Hidetatsu EGAWA (key Edo shogunate figures), Kazan WATANABE and Hoshu KATSURAGAWA (Dutch scholars), Shogo MITSUKURI (geographer), Kokan SHIBA and Buncho TANI (painters), Shuhan TAKASHIMA (ballistic specialist), Kodayu DAIKOKUYA (returnee from Russia), Sanai ADACHI, Kunpei EGAWA, Sakusaburo NAKAYAMA (Japanese-Dutch translator), Johan Willem de Sturler (curator of Dutch trading house).
- 出動自衛官は、前条の規定により拘束した者(以下「被拘束者」という。)については、その所持品又は身体について危険物(銃砲、銃剣、銃砲弾、爆発物その他の軍用の武器及びこれらに準ずる物であって、人の生命又は身体に危険を生じさせるものをいう。次項において同じ。)又は軍用書類(地図、軍用規則、命令書、計画書その他の軍用に供する書類をいう。以下同じ。)を所持しているかどうかを調べることができる。
- The SDF personnel under Operations may conduct an examination of the personal belongings or the body of the person in captivity pursuant to the provision of the preceding Article (hereinafter referred to as "captive person(s)") as to ascertain possession of dangerous goods (i.e. firearms, bayonets, bullets, explosives and other military arms and any object equivalent to the above, and which endanger human lives or bodies. The same shall apply in the following paragraph) or military documents (i.e. maps, military rules, written orders, plans and other documents to be used for military purposes. The same shall apply hereinafter).
- 文久3年(1863年)2月8日に尊攘派に推されて藩主になった池田茂政であるが次第に迷走するようになり、実兄の徳川慶喜が征夷大将軍になると一切の朝幕間周旋の仕事から身を引いたため、国事周旋方(尊攘派)の新庄厚信・津田弘道・平井重道らが隠居を迫り万成峠(岡山市万成)から岡山城へ大砲の音を鳴らして威嚇する事件があり、茂政より役目罷免・蟄居謹慎を命ぜられたが権六郎が執りなして蟄居謹慎を解かせた。
- Mochimasa IKEDA who was recommended by the Sonjo-ha party became the lord of the domain on March 26, 1863, but gradually strayed and when Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, his real older brother, became Seiitaishogun (great general), Mochimasa retired from the procurement work between the Shogunate and the Imperial Court, and after the incident that Atsunobu SHINJO, Hiromichi TSUDA, Shigemichi HIRAI, etc. in the procurement side of state affairs (Sonjo-ha) pressed Mochimasa to retire and threatened him by the sound of a cannon from Bansei Pass (Bansei, Okayama City) to the Okayama-jo Castle, Mochimasa ordered thier dismissal of the role and house arrest, but Gonrokuro mediated to release from the house arrest.
- この頃、本土では、薩摩の意見も取り入れ、文久2年(1862年)7月に松平慶永が政事総裁職、徳川慶喜が将軍後見職となり(文久の幕政改革)、閏8月に会津藩主松平容保が京都守護職、桑名藩主松平定敬が京都所司代となって、幕権に回復傾向が見られる一方、文久3年(1863年)5月に長州藩の米艦砲撃事件、8月に奈良五条の天誅組の乱と長州への七卿落ち(八月十八日の政変)、10月に生野の変など、開港に反対する攘夷急進派が種々の抵抗をして、幕権の失墜をはかっていた。
- At this time, in July 1862, Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA became the president of political affairs, and Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA became the Shogun-kokenshoku officer (reformation of shogunate administration in Bunkyu) that took in Satsuma's opinion; also, on the main island, in an intercalary year on August, Katamori MATSUDAIRA of the lord of the Aizu domain attained the title of Kyoto Shugoshoku, and Sadaaki MATSUDAIRA of the lord of the Kuwana domain became Kyoto Shoshidai (the local governor of Kyoto), and the power of the Bakufu (feudal government) was showing an inclination to reconstruction, however in May 1863, the Choshu domain caused an incident in that gunfire at a North American ship was discharged and the Tenchugumi-no-ran War at Nara Gojo, and the seven nobles outrunning to Choshu (Coups of August eighteenth) occurred in August, and Ikuno-no-Hen (Conspiracy of Ikuno) occurred in October, and also the radical Joi (those who held to the principle of excluding foreigners) group, which was against opening the port, provided resistance several times to thward the plans of the domain.
- 例えば、留守居・大番頭は5000石を基準としてそれ以下に1000俵、書院番頭・小姓番組頭は3000石以下に1000俵、大目付・町奉行・勘定奉行は3000石以下に700俵、百人組頭は3000石以下に500俵、作事奉行・普請奉行・槍奉行・持弓筒頭は2000石以下に300俵、先手頭・新番頭は1500石以下に300俵、留守居番・目付・使番・書院番組頭・小姓組組頭・徒頭・小十人頭は1000石以下に300俵、鉄砲方は1000石以下に200俵などの決まりがあった。
- For example, there was the regulation that for rusui and oban gashira, 5000 koku was set as the standard and a person whose chigyo was below this was given 1000 hyo; shoinban gashira and koshobangumi gashira whose chigyo were below 3000 koku were given 1000 hyo; ometsuke, machi bugyo, and kanjo bugyo (commissioners of finance) whose chigyo were below 3000 koku were given 700 hyo; hyakuningumi kashira whose chigyo was below 3000 koku were given 500 hyo; sakuji bugyo, fushin bugyo, yari bugyo, and mochiyumitsutsu gashira whose chigyo were below 2000 koku were given 300 hyo; sakite gashira and shinban gashira whose chigyo were below 1500 koku were given 300 hyo; rusuiban, metsuke, tukaiban, shoinban kumigashira, koshogumi kumigashira, kachi gashira, and kojunin gashira whose chigyo were below 1000 koku were given 300 hyo and teppogata (officer handling firearms) whose chigyo were below 1000 were given 200 hyo.
- 「候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候」
- 候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候'
- 東西それぞれに与力20騎と同心50人が付いていたが、享保年間から元文年間にかけて訴訟の受付と市中警備を担当する番方、闕所された財物の処分を入札監督などを担当する闕所方、制札や各種証明書の発給や宗門改・鉄砲改・浪人改を行う証文方、建築の届出・確認や道路管理などの都市計画を行う新家方、奉行所内外の監察業務を行う目付(後に新家方を統合して目付方とも)、奉行所内の会計・公的な入札業務及び天領の年貢収納を行う勘定方、一般の刑事・行政を扱う公事方、鴨川の管理を行う川方といった担当部門に分離されてそこに与力・同心が配置されるようになる。
- During the Kyoho and Genbun era, 20 yoriki (a police sergeant) and 50 doshin (a police constable), who used to serve for each of the East and West Magistrates, came to be dispatched to separate divisions such as Ban-kata responsible for lawsuit registration and city guard, Kessho-gata responsible for bidding and managing confisticated properties, Shomon-gata responsible for issuing paper bills and various certificates as well as checking the religion, gun-owning and ronin status, Niinomi-gata responsible for urban development including construction registration and checking as well as road management, Metsuke responsible for auditing the Magistrate both internally and externally (later merged with Niinomi-gata to be collectively called Metsuke-gata), Kanjo-gata responsible for the Magistrate's accounting, official bidding and collecting land taxes from the shogunate demesne, Kuji-kata responsible for general criminal investigation and administration, and Kawa-gata responsible for management of the Kamo-gawa River.
- その理由として、江戸時代に入って徳川綱吉によって諸国鉄砲改めによる百姓の狩猟及び銃の原則所持禁止、銃器の移動制限がなされたことや、鎖国の影響による技術進歩の停滞という通説、フリントロック式は火縄式に比べ強力なバネが装着されており、撃鉄作動時の衝撃が大きく、引金を引いてから一瞬遅れて装薬に着火する機構のため銃身がぶれ、火縄銃に比べ命中率が悪く「一発必中」を好む日本人から嫌われたらしいことのほかに、日本では良質の火打石が産出せず大量生産ができなかったこと、またおそらくはすべての武術と同じく鉄炮術も一種の競技的な要素を含んで流派形式で継承されたため、その結果必然的に器具類の改変は避けられた、という要素も大きかった。
- The reasons for this follow; in the Edo period Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA prohibited hunting and the possession of a gun by farmers in principle; that the transfer of a gun was limited; that, commonly believed, the technological advance of guns stagnated from the influence of the exclusion of foreigners (national isolation); that a flintlock gun (flintlock system) had a stronger spring than a hinawaju and when the gunlock operating the impact was big and after trigger was pulled, the ignition mechanism for the explosive charge momentarily wavered and the accuracy of fire was bad and thus Japanese who liked to 'ippatsu hicchu' (hit with one shot), disliked the flintlock gun; that good quality flints could not be found in Japan and could not be mass-produced; and that, as a big factor, the art of gun was inherited probably in the form of a school-style gun for competitions like all the martial arts and as a result, the improvement of the weapon was necessarily avoided.