甫: 668 Terms and Phrases
- 甫
- Sukejirou
- Sukemune
- Sukeyuki
- Hashime
- Hajimu
- Hajime
- Fu
- Ho
- Mitsuru
- for the first time
- not until
- 新甫
- new futures on the first trading session of the month
- Shinsuke
- Shinbo
- Shinpo
- Niibo
- 章甫
- Akihiro
- Akiho
- Shouho
- Norimi
- 正甫
- Masatoshi
- Masanami
- Masaho
- Masamoto
- 松甫
- Shouho
- Matsuura
- Matsuho
- 一甫
- Ippo
- Itsuho
- Kazuo
- Kazutoshi
- Kazumoto
- 晃甫
- Akiho
- Kousuke
- Kouho
- Terutoshi
- 幸甫
- Kousuke
- Sachiho
- Yukiho
- Yukimasa
- 王甫
- Wang Fu (Three Kingdoms)
- 甫めて
- for the first time
- only after ... is it ...
- only when ... do you ...
- 洪明甫
- Koumeiho
- Hon Myonbo (1969.2-)
- Hong Myung-Bo
- 三好甫
- Miyoshi Hajime (1932-)
- 桂川甫周
- Katsuragawa Hoshuu
- Hoshu KATSURAGAWA
- Katsuragawa Hoshū
- 嵐山甫安
- Arashiyama Houan (h)
- 箕作阮甫
- Mitsukuri Genpo (h) (1799.10.5-1863.8.1)
- Genpo MITSUKURI
- 豊竹咲甫大夫
- Toyotake Sakihodayuu
- 箕作阮甫旧宅
- Minosaku Genpo (former residence)
- 本名上田広甫。
- His real name was Koho UEDA.
- 甫喜ヶ峰森林公園
- Hokigamineshinrin Park
- Hokkigamineshinrin Park
- 字は子果、実甫。
- His azana (adult male's nickname) were Shika and Jippo.
- 桂川甫周 (国興)
- Hoshu KATSURAGAWA
- 端甫法師が最初とする。
- Priest Duanfu is considered to have been the first to have held the post.
- 父は杉田玄甫、母は八尾氏の娘。
- His father was Genpo SUGITA and his mother was a daughter of the YAO clan.
- 道号は大有宗甫、庵号は孤篷庵。
- His dogo (priest name) was Taiyu Soho, and ango (temple name or pen name ending with the character an) was Kohoan.
- また秀甫は秀栄に七段を贈った。
- Then Shuho gave Shuei 7-dan.
- 絹本著色草虫図 2幅 呂敬甫筆
- Color painting on silk, Sochu-zu (painting of grass and insects): 2 scrolls, drawn by Keiho RO.
- 薫甫の死後、和泉国堺市に出た。
- After the demise of Toho, he moved to Sakai City in Izumi Province.
- 後に幕医の松本良甫の養子となる。
- Later, he was adopted by a doctor of shogunate, Ryoho MATSUMOTO.
- 桂川甫三は杉田玄白と同世代の友人。
- Hosan KATSURAGAWA was a contemporary friend of Genpaku SUGITA.
- 本名は村瀬秀甫（むらせしゅうほ）。
- His real name was Shuho MURASE.
- 本稿では4代目甫周について記述する。
- This article describes about Hoshu the fourth.
- 万延元年(1860年)村瀬秀甫と改名。
- In 1860 he changed his name to Shuho MURASE.
- 阮甫の生家は津山市西新町に現存している。
- The birthplace of Genpo still remains in Nishishinmachi, Tsuyama City.
- 後に馬場佐十郎、桂川甫賢にも学んでいる。
- He later also studied under Sajuro BABA and Hoken KATSURAGAWA.
- 箕作秋坪の四男で、母つねは箕作阮甫の三女。
- Genpachi was the fourth son of Shuhei MITSUKURI, while Genpachi's mother Tsune was the third daughter of Genpo MITSUKURI.
- 明和6年（1769年）には父の玄甫が死去。
- In 1769, Genpaku's father, Genpo, died.
- 阮甫の子孫には有名な学者が多数輩出している。
- Many of the Genpo's descendants grew to be famous scholars.
- 広甫は、自ら不濁斎広甫と名乗るようになった。
- Koho came to call himself Koho FUSHOKUSAI.
- 安禄山も李林甫を通じて玄宗の寵愛を勝ち取った。
- Lushan AN also won the favor of Xuanzong through Linfu LIN.
- 名は国興（くにおき）であり、甫周は通称である。
- His name was Kunioki and commonly called as Hoshu.
- 箕作阮甫や坪井信道に学び、長崎で、採鉱術を学ぶ。
- He studied under Genpo MITSUKURI and Shindo TSUBOI, and studied mining technology in Nagasaki.
- 1884-86年 村瀬秀甫十番碁（秀栄先）5-5
- 1884 to 1886: 10 matches against Shuho MURASE (Shuei, Sen), 5-5
- 名は国瑞（くにあきら）であり、甫周は通称である。
- His name was Kuniakira and Hoshu was his common name.
- はじめは箕作阮甫の、次いで緒方洪庵の弟子となった。
- He was Genpo MITSUKURI's disciple at first, then became Koan OGATA's.
- 芳川波山に漢学を学んだ後、箕作阮甫に蘭学を学んだ。
- After learning Sinology from Hazan YOSHIKAWA, he studied Western learning under Genpo MITSUKURI.
- この最終局が秀甫の絶局となり、10月14日没する。
- This game was his last game and Shuho died on October 14.
- 大阪に着き、未生斎広甫は未生斎一甫と未生流を開いた。
- After arriving at Osaka, Koho and Ippo MISHOSAI founded Misho school of flower arrangement.
- 琴は心越の流れを汲む空々（宿谷黙甫）の門下となった。
- He became a disciple of Kuku (宿谷黙甫) who followed the style of Shinetsu for learning koto.
- 甫庵本は資料としての信用度はさほど高くはないとされる。
- The book by Hoan is of little credibility as a source.
- 8月6日、秀甫との十番碁は5勝5敗の打ち分けで終わる。
- On August 6, Shuei finished 10 matches against Shoho in a draw, with 5 wins and 5 losses.
- この頃、秀策と秀甫は坊門の竜虎、碁界の圭玉と称された。
- Around this time Shusaku and Shuho were called Dragon and Tiger of the Hoinbo Disciples or the Treasure of the Go world.
- 『解体新書』を征夷大将軍に推挙したのは、桂川甫三である。
- It was Hosan KATSURAGAWA who recommended 'Kaitai Shinsho' to seii taishogun (literally, a great general who subdues the barbarians).
- 柔術は高橋猪兵衛満政について習った難波一甫流柔術である。
- His learned jujutsu (classical Japanese martial art, usually referring to fighting without a weapon) under Takahashi Ihei Mitsumasa, who belonged to the Nanba ippo-ryu school.
- 桂川甫周は法眼桂川甫三の子であり、後には自身も法眼となる。
- Hoshu KATSURAGAWA, a son of Hogen Hosan KATSURAGAWA, was later ranked also Hogen.
- 三代・半四郎（1746年 - 1784年、号：一得斎友甫）
- The third Hanshiro (1746 - 1784, go: Ittokusai Yuho)
- 江戸時代においては小瀬甫庵が記した信長記によって知られた。
- During the Edo period, Nobunaga was known by Nobunagaki (The Record of Nobunaga) written by Hoan OZE.
- なお、了甫の子どもたちは、京極高国などの家臣になっている。
- Ryoho's (了甫) children became retainers of Takakuni KYOGOKU and others.
- 翻訳作業に直接関わった様子はないが、その子甫周を参加させた。
- He had never directly participated in the translation work, but let his son Hoshu KATSURAGAWA join the translation team.
- 妻つねの死後、つねの妹・しん（ちま、阮甫の四女）と再婚した。
- After his wife Tsune's death, he remarried Tsune's younger sister Shin (Chima, Genpo's fourth daughter).
- 未生流（みしょうりゅう）は、未生斎一甫を開祖とする華道の一派。
- Misho school is one of the schools of flower arrangement, founded by Ippo MISHOSAI.
- 父は6代目である甫賢、娘に今泉みね（名ごりの夢を著した作家）。
- His father was Hoken the sixth, and he had a daughter, Mine IMAIZUMI (a novelist who wrote 'Nagori no Yume').
- 秀甫は、十八世本因坊となり、即日に五段だった秀栄に七段を贈る。
- Shuho became Honinbo the 18th, and immediately on the same day, he presented the 7th dan level to Shuei who had the 5th dan level.
- 稲村三伯の他、同じ大槻玄沢門下の宇田川玄随、岡田甫説が参加した。
- Besides Sanbaku INAMURA, the disciples of the same Gentaku OTSUKI such as Genzui UDAGAWA and Hosetsu OKADA were participated in the project.
- その後、京都禅林寺 (京都市)（永観堂）に転じ智空甫叔に学んだ。
- Thereafter, he moved to Zenrin-ji Temple (specifically, the Eikando hall) in Kyoto and studied under Chizora Hoshuku.
- 太田牛一による『信長公記』と小瀬甫庵による『信長記』の相違点・評価
- Differences between Gyuichi OTA's 'Shinchoko-ki' and Hoan OZE's 'Nobunaga-ki' and the Valuation of Each
- 李白と杜甫の間柄にも似ているが、両者は並んで昭和の落語界を支えた。
- It is similar to the relationship between Li Po and Du Fu, and these two supported the rakugo world in the Showa period together.
- 江戸中期に活躍した歌舞伎役者初代中島三甫右衛門によって大成された。
- It was perfected by Mihoemon NAKAJIMA the first, a Kabuki actor in the mid-Edo period.
- このときの書記役は甫周であり、問答を『漂民御覧記』としてまとめた。
- The amanuensis, on this occasion, was Hoshu and he compiled the dialogues as 'Hyomin Goranki.'
- 17歳のとき、臨済宗妙心寺派随鴎寺（赤穂にあった）の雲甫和尚に参禅。
- At the age of 17, he learned Zen from Unpo Osho at Zuio-ji Temple, (which was is in Ako) the Myoshin-ji Temple school of the Rinzai sect.
- そこで一甫は広甫の芸道を見出し、摂津国大阪に連れて行く事を決意した。
- There, Ippo acknowledged an accomplishment of Koho and determined to take him to Osaka, Settsu Province.
- 1822年には玄沢・甫賢の推薦により、仙台藩医学校蘭方外科助教となる。
- In 1822, he became an assistant professor of Dutch surgery at the medical school in Sendai Domain by the recommendation of Gentaku and Hoken.
- 芝 (東京都港区)で、公証人の柴田猛甫を父に、永田登波を母に生まれる。
- She was born to a notary public Takeho SHIBATA as her father and Toha NAGATA as her mother at Shiba (Minato Ward, Tokyo).
- 安永5年（1776年）、桂川甫周とともに江戸参府中のツンベリーを訪ねる。
- In 1776, he and Hoshu KATSURAGAWA visited Thunberg who was staying in Edo.
- その後には水谷縫次がただ一人秀甫に先相先に進むが、明治17年に夭逝した。
- After that, only Nuiji MIZUTANI proceeded to play against Shuho on Sen ai sen, but died young in 1884.
- 桂川甫周と共にスウェーデンの博物学者カール・ツンベルクに教えを受けている。
- He and Hoshu KATSURAGAWA became pupils of Carl Thumberg, a Swedish naturalist.
- 横井小楠門下として、嘉悦氏房・山田武甫・宮川房之らと並ぶ四天王と称される。
- As a disciple of Shonan YOKOI, he and his equals, Ujifusa KAETSU, Taketoshi YAMADA, Fusayuki MIYAGAWA, were called Shitenno (the big four).
- 法帖の制作者としても知られ曹全碑や皇甫府君などの法帖を精巧に模刻している。
- Tenju is also known as a creator of copybooks printed from the works of old masters of calligraphy such as Sozenhi and Kohofukun, which was made by Tenju by carefully imitating the calligraphy.
- 方円社が毎月発行した「囲棋新報」に掲載される棋譜には秀甫の評が付けられた。
- Shuho's reviews on the kifu (Go game record) appeared on 'Igo Shinpo' published by Hoensha every month.
- 長安の講義の中で箕作阮甫の偉大さに触れ、再び江戸に出て阮甫の弟子となった。
- He came to know about great Genpo MITSUKURI during Choan's lecture and went to Edo once again to become Genpo's disciple.
- 小瀬甫庵の『太閤記』など、後の秀吉主役の軍記物語の成立に大きな影響を与えた。
- It had great influence on war chronicles on Hideyoshi written later including 'Taikoki' by Hoan OZE..
- ......日本人としては、桂川甫周様、中川淳庵様という方の名前を聞きました。
- '...I've heard some Japanese names such as Hoshu KATSURAGAWA and Junan NAKAGAWA.'
- 明治4年(1871年)帰京して秀和と先相先で8局対局し、秀甫の5勝3敗となる。
- In 1871 he returned to Edo and played eight games on Sen ai sen against Shuwa, resulting in Shuho's five wins and three losses.
- 「国破れて山河あり 城春にして草青みたり」という杜甫の詩「春望」を踏まえて詠む。
- Composed in line with Shunbo, a poem by Toho that reads, 'The country is destroyed; yet mountains and rivers remain and spring comes to the castle; the grass is green again.'
- 阮甫は4歳で父をなくし、12歳で兄箕作豊順をなくして、家督を相続することになる。
- After having lost his father at the age of four and his older brother, 豊順 MITSUKURI, at the age of 12, Genpo succeeded to the reigns of the family.
- 幕末に林常甫が小川幸逸（不詳～1910年）に伝授したのが現在の大口派の源である。
- The current Oguchi-ha dates from the end of Edo period, when Tsuneho HAYASHI gave instructions to Koitsu OGAWA(date of birth unknown - 1910).
- 寛政8年（1796年）蘭学者の稲村三伯、宇田川玄随、岡田甫説らによって編纂された。
- It was compiled by Rangakusha (a person who studied Western sciences by means of the Dutch language) Sanbaku INAMURA, Genzui UDAGAWA, and Hosetu OKADA and others in 1796.
- 医家としての箕作は、阮甫の曾祖父箕作貞辨（初代丈庵）からで、西新町に住み開業した。
- The Mitsukuri family had been engaged in medical practice since 貞辨 MITSUKURI (Joan the first) started to work as a general practitioner in Nishishinmachi.
- このあと阮甫の三女・つねと結婚して阮甫の婿養子となり、つねとの間に四男をもうけた。
- After that, he got married to Genpo's third daughter, Tsune, becoming an adopted son-in-law and four sons were born to them.
- しんの夫・箕作省吾は秋坪同様阮甫の婿養子だったが一人息子の箕作麟祥を残して夭折した。
- Like Shuhei, Shin's former husband Shogo MITSUKURI was an adopted son-in-law, but he died young after only son Rinsho was born to the couple.
- 横井等甫（1639年～1725年）は京都中立売通の豪商で、米川流香道にも通じていた。
- Toho YOKOI (1639 - 1725) was a wealthy merchant in Nakadachiuri-dori Street, Kyoto, and he was also conversant in the Yonekawa-ryu school of Kodo.
- 嘉永7年（1854年）、現在の京都府京都市伏見区の釜師、岡崎貞甫の子として生まれる。
- In 1854, he was born as a son of Sadaho OKAZAKI who was a tea kettle caster in Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- また5代目にあたる桂川甫筑国宝(ほちく・くにとみ)も一時期甫周を名乗った記録がある。
- And there is a record that Hochiku (Kunitomi) the fifth announced his name as Hoshu during a certain period.
- 現代囲碁界でも石田章など、秀甫をこれら大名人の列に連なる実力者と見る者は少なくない。
- Even in today's Igo World, not a few people including Akira ISHIDA regard Shuho being on par with these grand masters.
- 玉甫紹琮像 - 高桐院の開山・玉甫紹琮64歳の頂相で、長谷川等伯最晩年の作と伝わる。
- Portrait of Gyokuho Joso: A portrait of Koto-in Temple founding priest Gyokuho Joso aged 64 thought to be the work of Tohaku HASEGAWA's last years.
- 省吾は阮甫に才能を認められて阮甫の四女・しん（ちま）と結婚し、箕作家の婿養子となった。
- Recognizing Shogo's talents, Genpo adopted him as his son-in-law by marrying him with Shin (Chima), his fourth daughter.
- 本社に残っていた田中栄三をはじめ、益田甫、岩崎昶、山本嘉次郎ら社外の者が会員となった。
- Eizo TANAKA who was still in the head office and Hajime MASUDA, Akira IWASAKI and Kajiro YAMAMOTO who were persons outside of Nikkatsu joined Nikkatsu Kinyo-kai.
- しん未亡人は姉つね（阮甫の三女で阮甫の婿養子・秋坪の妻）の死後箕作秋坪の後妻となった。
- His widow, Shin, was remarried to Shusaku MITSUKURI after the death of her elder sister Tsune (who was the third daughter of Genpo and wife of Shusaku, Genpo's adopted son-in-law).
- 彼の豊富な海外知識は桂川甫周が『北槎聞略』としてまとめ、蘭学発展のための刺激にもなった。
- His rich knowledge of overseas was organized by Hoshu KATSURAGAWA into the book titled 'Hokusa bunryaku' (Stories about Russia Told by a Repatriated Drifter) and encouraged the development of Rangaku.
- 通説である鉄砲3000丁というのは小瀬甫庵本『信長記』や池田本『信長公記』が出典である。
- The standard account of the 3,000 teppo is based on 'Nobunagaki' (The Record of Nobunaga) by Hoan OZE and 'Shinchoko-ki' (Biography of Nobunaga ODA) owned by the Ikeda family.
- 中国における鵜飼いの記録は、一説には杜甫（712年-770年）の詩の一節にまで遡るという。
- According to theory, the record of Ukai in China goes back to a passage in a poem written by Ho TO (712-770).
- しかし玄宗に重用された中国の宰相李林甫により長城内節度使にも蕃将が任命されるようになった。
- However, Chancellor of China Linfu LIN, who was highly trusted by Xuanzong, made it possible even for non-Han generals to be assigned as setsudoshi stationed in the areas inside of the Great Wall.
- 江戸時代後期の文化 (元号)4年（1807年）に未生斎一甫と未生斎広甫によって創設される。
- It was founded by Ippo MISHOSAI and Koho MISHOSAI in 1807 in the late Edo period.
- 開基（創立者）は細川忠興（三斎）、開山（初代住職）は玉甫紹琮（ぎょくほじょうそう）である。
- The kaiki (founding patron) was Tadaoki (Sansai) HOSOKAWA and the kaisan (founding priest) was Gyokuho Joso.
- 1594年（文禄3年）薫甫が大徳寺住持となり上京したため、沢庵もこれに従い大徳寺に入った。
- In 1594, Toho went up to Kyoto as he became the juji of Daitoku-ji Temple and Takuan followed him and joined Daitoku-ji Temple.
- 『解体新書』刊行の際、幕府の禁に触れる可能性があったため、甫三を通じて大奥に献上されている。
- At the time of its publication, a book of 'Kaitai Shinsho' was presented to O-oku (inner palace of Edo-jo Castle) through Hosan KATSURAGAWA who had feared of any possibility to violate taboo of bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 信高も騎射に秀でて弓馬故実書を伝えており、その子の英甫永雄も多くの故実書を所有していたという。
- Nobutaka, also excelled in horseback archery, handed down the book of Kyuba Kojitsu and his son Eiyu EIHO possessed many books of Kojitsu.
- 文化 (元号)2年（1805年）に、後に共同で未生流を開く事となる未生斎一甫が上田家を訪れる。
- In 1805, Ueda family received a visit of Ippo MISHOSAI who would later establish Misho school of flower arrangement in collaboration with Koho MISHOSAI.
- 政敵の現れることを恐れた李林甫は宰相になることは出来ない蕃将を節度使に就けるようにしたのである。
- Fearing the appearance of political enemy, Linfu LIN enabled non-Han generals, who were not allowed to become chancellors, to become setsudoshi.
- 父桂川家3代目桂川甫三は、前野良沢、杉田玄白と友人で、解体新書は、彼の推挙により将軍に内献した。
- His father, Hosan KATSURAGAWA, was the third of the Katsuragawa family and friends with Ryotaku MAENO and Genpaku SUGITA whom presented their book Kaitai Shinsho (New Book of Anatomy) to Shogun by his recommendation.
- 改めて表千家7代如心斎の姻戚である住山家より、住山家8代云々斎楊甫の孫を養子に迎え9代宗与とした。
- Then, the family adopted the grandson of Unnunsai Yoho (云々斎楊甫), the eighth generation head of the Sumiyama family, who were in-laws of the seventh generation Joshinsai of the Omotesenke school, who became the ninth head of the Hisada family, known as Soyo.
- ロシアのプーチャーチンとの交渉に箕作阮甫に従って山陽道を上るときも、母親に会いに大洲へ帰っている。
- Even when he was heading to Sanyo-do Roadhe to follow Gempo MITSUKURI for the negotiation with Evfimii Vasil'evich Putyatin from Russia, he returned Ozu to meet his mother.
- 跡目の道を絶たれ、望みを失くした秀甫は越後国方面に遊歴に出て、江戸には不在であることが多くなった。
- He lost a hope for the future, as his succession of the Honinbo was denied; wondered around the Echigo Province and neighboring regions, thus often being away from Edo.
- このため牛一のものを『信長公記』、甫庵のものを『信長記』あるいは『甫庵信長記』、と呼び分けている。
- Thus, Gyuichi's work is called 'Shinchoko-ki' to be distinguished from Hoan's work, which is called 'Nobunaga-ki' or 'Hoan's Nobunaga-ki.'
- 元文元年（1736年）漁甫迂臺『高砂増々抄』巻末にも同じく附載される他、彰考館所蔵の写本などがある。
- In addition to also being appended to the end of Utai RYOHO's 'Takasago Zozosho' published in 1736, there are the copies owned by institutions such as Shokokan.
- これを受け、未生斎広甫は嵯峨御流の普及を進め、その結果「嵯峨御流」は全国的に名が知れ渡る様になった。
- Accepting the emperor's offer, Koho MISHOSAI strove to spread the flower arrangement of Saga Goryu, with the result that 'Saga Goryu' became known nationwide.
- 明治19年に秀栄は秀甫の八段を正式に認めて、同時に本因坊を秀甫に譲り、秀甫は18世本因坊秀甫となる。
- In 1886, Shuei officially approved Shuho being 8-dan at the same time he stepped aside to make him to the Honinbo, thus Shuho became the 18th Honinbo Shuho.
- 門弟に吉田長淑、藤井方亭、坪井信道、佐藤信淵、緒方洪庵、川本幸民、箕作阮甫、飯沼慾斎、青地林宗らがいる。
- His disciples included Choshuku YOSHIDA, Hotei FUJII, Shindo TSUBOI, Nobuhiro SATO, Koan OGATA, Komin KAWAMOTO, Genpo MITSUKURI, Yokusai IINUMA, and Rinso AOCHI.
- 井上馨、金玉均らの勧めで後藤象二郎に方円社と仲介を依頼、12月21日、村瀬秀甫と秀栄先での十番碁を開始。
- He asked Shojiro GOTO to act as intermediary for the reconciliation with Hoensha recommended by Kaoru INOUE and Gyokukin KIN and others, then on December 21, Shuei started 10 matches with Shuho MURASE, in Shuei's sen.
- この時期秀甫は他の棋士を先以下に打ち込んでおり、明治14年に方円社全員の推薦により2級（八段）へ進んだ。
- Around that time Shuho had beaten other kishi (professional Go players) down to Sen or further handicaps and advanced to 2-kyu (8-dan) with the recommendation by all members of Hoensha.
- 刊記と会士の書簡により『サントスの御作業のうち抜書』の訳者は養方（甫）軒パウロとその子ヴイセンテとされる。
- The copyright page and a letter written by the Jesuit suggested that 'Santosu no Gosagyo no uchi Nukigaki' (Excerpts from the Acts of the Saints [Sanctos no gosagveono vchinvqigaqi]) had been translated by Paulo YOHOKEN and his son, Vicente.
- 未生斎一甫（みしょうさい いっぽ、宝暦11年（1761年） - 文政7年（1824年））は、日本の華道家。
- Ippo MISHOSAI (1761 - 1824) was a Japanese flower arrangement expert.
- 未生流の創始者である未生斎一甫は、当初華道を行う中で、儒教・老荘思想・仏教の宗教的観念を根本的思想にした。
- During the initial stage of practicing the flower arrangement, Ippo MISHOSAI, the founder of Misho school, formed a core of its basic philosophy associated with the religious concepts of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism.
- 未生斎広甫（みしょうさい こうほ、寛政3年（1791年） - 文久元年（1861年）7月）は、日本の華道家。
- Koho MISHOSAI (1791- August, 1861) was a Japanese expert of flower arrangement.
- 埼玉県北埼玉郡大利根町から、北葛飾郡栗橋町を経て栗橋町新井と鷲宮町八甫二丁目の境界で、中川の左岸へ合流する。
- The drainage ditch, which runs from Otone-machi, Kitasaitama-gun, Saitama Prefecture through Kurihashi-machi, Kitakatsushika-gun, flowed into the Naka-gawa River on its left side on the border of Arai, Kurihashi-machi Town and Happo 2-chome, Washimiya-machi Town.
- 師の秀和は「秀策が明治まで長生きしていたとしても、おそらく秀甫に分があっただろう」と極めて高く評価している。
- His master, Shuwa, gave high praise for him, saying that 'Even if Shusaku had lived long enough to the Meiji period, Shuho would probably have had an advantage over Shusaku.'
- (なお、この場に桂川甫周がいたとする説もあるが、『蘭学事始』の記述からは、いなかったと考えるのが自然である）。
- (There is a theory that they were joined by Hoshu KATSURAGAWA, but it should be more natural to understand he did not attend there, judging from descriptions of 'Rangaku Kotohajime' [The Beginning of Dutch Studies] written by Genpaku SUGITA at a later stage).
- 桂川家において甫周を名乗るものは2名居り、それぞれ桂川家の祖である桂川甫筑から数えて、4代目と7代目に当たる。
- There were two men who took the name of Hoshu in the Katsuragawa family and they were the fourth and the seventh generation of Hochiku KATSURAGAWA, who was the founder of the Katsuragawa family.
- 江戸時代に『信長公記』は大名や公家の一部にしか広まらなかった一方で、小瀬甫庵の書いた『信長記』は民衆に広まった。
- While Gyuichi's 'Shinchoko-ki' was only read by a few feudal lords and court nobles in the Edo period, Hoan OZE's 'Nobunaga-ki' was widespread among the public.
- 日甫（にちほ、慶長12年（1607年） - 元禄11年（1698年））は、江戸時代前期の日蓮宗の僧で立花の名手。
- Nichiho (1607 - 1698) was a Nichiren sect priest in the early Edo period and master of tatebana (standing flowers).
- これは、杜甫が七言律詩『鄭駙馬宅宴洞中』の中で、雲の端から砂塵交じりの風が吹いてくる様を表したものだとされている。
- It is said that, in '鄭駙馬宅宴洞中,' a Qi-yan-shi (a Chinese poem of eight lines, with seven characters in each line) made by Du Fu, this line expressed the state that wind containing dust was blowing from the edges of clouds.
- 桂川 甫周（かつらがわ ほしゅう、1826年（文政9年）- 1881年（明治14年）9月25日）は、医師及び蘭学者。
- Hoshu KATSURAGAWA (1826 - September 25, 1881) was a doctor and Dutch scholar.
- その他にも、平賀源内、桂川甫周、建部清庵、大槻玄沢、宇田川玄真、稲村三伯など、同時代の蘭学者のエピソードが記されている。
- 'Rangaku Kotohajime' also included anecdotes of his contemporaries, including Gennai HIRAGA, Hoshu KATSURAGAWA, Seian TATEBE, Gentaku OTSUKI, Genshin UDAGAWA, and Sanpaku INAMURA.
- これは甫庵本の3000丁が一人歩きした後世の加筆なのか、筆を誤ったのに気付いてその場で加筆修正したのかは明らかではない。
- It is unclear whether the addition of 'three' was subsequently made when 'the 3,000 teppo' in Hoan's version became popular or it was made by the scribe who immediately realized the mistake.
- 下屋敷で育ち、元文5年（1740年）には一家で小浜へ移り、父の玄甫が江戸詰めを命じられる延享2年（1745年）まで過ごす。
- After growing up in the residence, his family moved to Obama in 1740 where he spent his childhood until 1745 when his father, Genpo, was ordered to work in Edo.
- 翌1872年(明治5年)から24歳まで、本因坊家とは疎遠になっていた本因坊秀甫とともに美濃国、尾張国、伊勢国、京阪を遊歴。
- From 1872 until he became 24 years old, Shuei toured the Mino, Owari, and Ise Provinces and the Keihan (Kyoto and Osaka) area with Honinbo Shuho who had been alienated from the Honinbo family.
- 正保元年（1644年）12月2日に、征夷大将軍徳川家光が郷帳の作成と提出を大名に命じるよう大目付井上政重と宮城和甫に指示した。
- On December 30, 1644, Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Iemitsu TOKUGAWA instructed Ometsuke Masashige INOUE and Masayoshi MIYAGI to order daimyo to prepare and submit gocho.
- 唐の時代に入ると詩は宮廷を離れ、李白（701年 - 762年）、杜甫（712年 -770年）、王維らによる詩の黄金期が築かれた。
- Poetry starting to be composed outside the court in the period of the Tang dynasty, together with poets such as Li Bai (701 - 762), Du Fu (712 - 770), and Wei Wang, led to the increasing popularity of Chinese poetry.
- 「歴史家」であり正確な記述に努めた太田牛一と違い、小瀬甫庵は話を面白くするためにふんだんに虚構を取り入れた「歴史作家」であった。
- Unlike Gyuichi who sought to provide accurate descriptions as a 'historian', Hoan was a 'writer of historical fiction' who included many fictional elements to make his story more interesting.
- 元禄5年（1693年）には水戸藩の藩医であった穂積甫庵（鈴木宗与）に命じて救民妙薬を編集し、薬草から397種の製薬方法を記させた。
- In 1693 he commissioned Hoan HOZUMI (Soyo SUZUKI) the domain's physician to compile the Kyumin Myoyaku, a book on herbal medicine with recipes for 397 medicinal drugs.
- 創設された当時は町人文化が大いに発達した化政文化の時代であり、未生斎一甫が開いた未生流の元に沢山の弟子が集まり、未生流は発達した。
- It was during the age of Kasei Culture when the culture of merchant class people greatly flourished at the time of the school's establishment, and Misho school that was founded by Ippo MISHOSAI attracted many disciples and made a great progress.
- 1879年(明治12年)、当時の棋界の第一人者だった村瀬秀甫七段と中川亀三郎六段が中心となり、方円社が囲碁研究会として発会される。
- In 1879, Hoensha was inaugurated as an Igo study group mainly by Shuho MURASE the seventh dan level and Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA, who were the leading authority of the Igo world at that time.
- しかしほどなくして、家元の権威を認めない方円社のやり方に、秀栄らは強く反発し方円社を脱会、方円社と村瀬秀甫に対抗するようになった。
- Soon after that, however, Shuei began to act repulsively against Hoensha's way not appreciating the authority of the head family, and withdrew from Hoensha to counteract Hoensha and Shuho MURASE.
- 岡本保孝著『難波江』に、「松本善甫という医者が延宝年間（1673-1680年）に酢を用いたすしを発明し、それを松本ずしという」とある。
- 'Nabae' (Essay of Yasutaka OKAMOTO) written by Yasutaka OKAMOTO described 'a doctor whose name was Yoshiichi MATSUMOTO, invented sushi using vinegar in the Empo era (1673 - 1680), and this sushi was called Matsumoto-zushi.'
- この図は杜甫の詩を題材にしたもので、絵の上部には序文に続いて18名の禅僧が詩文を書いており、絵よりも書の占めるスペースが倍以上大きい。
- The subject of this picture is a poem of Du Fu (Tu Fu) and it was written by 18 Zen priests after preface on the upper part of the picture, which took up more than double the space of the picture.
- 留学中に手に入れた西洋の解剖書『ターヘル・アナトミア』を杉田玄白、中川淳庵、桂川甫周ら盟友と3年5ヶ月で翻訳し『解体新書』を編纂した。
- He translated the Western anatomy book 'Ontleedkundige Tafelen,' which he obtained in Nagasaki, into Japanese with Genpaku SUGITA, Junan NAKAGAWA, Hoshu KATSURAGAWA in three years and five months to issue the translation as 'Kaitai Shinsho' (New Book of Anatomy).
- 一男一女があり、息子の織田信之 (左馬助)（了甫、左馬助、1602年-1665年）は僧、娘は紀州徳川家の侍女や竹森清左衛門の妻となった。
- He had a son and a daughter, and his son Nobuyuki ODA (Samanosuke [vice-minister of Left Division of Bureau of Horses]) (1602 - 1665) became a priest and his daughter became Sezaemon TAKEMORI's wife, after serving as a waiting woman to the Kishu Tokugawa family.
- 寛政5年（1793年）、ロシアから大黒屋光太夫が帰還したとき、光太夫はロシアで聞いた日本人の名として中川淳庵・桂川甫周の名を挙げている。
- In 1793, Kodayu DAIKOKUYA, who had drifted and stayed in Russia, returned to Japan and told that during staying in Russia he had heard the names of Junan NAKAGAWA and Hoshu KATSURAGAWA.
- 中国語本来の「簪」は杜甫の白頭掻けば更に短く、渾べて簪に勝えざらんと欲すの詩句に見られるように男性官人が冠を止めるために使ったものである。
- As seen in Du Fu's poem saying 'as my grey hair is short, it seems to be impossible to use kanzashi even though I bundle it,' the original meaning of the Chinese character '簪' was a tool which male officials used in order to fix their court caps.
- 江戸時代は中島三甫右衛門が、明治以後は中村歌右衛門 (5代目)、戦後は尾上松緑 (2代目)、片岡仁左衛門 (13代目)などが当り役とした。
- Those who have made hits in this role are Mihoemon NAKAJIMA in the Edo period, Utaemon NAKAMURA (the fifth) after the Meiji period, Shoroku ONOE (the second) and Nizaemon KATAOKA (the thirteenth) after World War II.
- 1886年（明治19年）、7月30日、方円社と和解して、本因坊秀甫の八段を正式に認め、同時に本因坊を秀甫に譲って、自らは土屋秀栄を名乗る。
- In July 30, 1886, Shuei reconciled with Hoensha and officially approved the eighth dan level to Honinbo Shuho, and at the same time he transferred the title of Honinbo to Shuho and called himself Shuei TSUCHIYA.
- いくつかの資料は、7代目桂川甫周 (国興)の次女である今泉みねの子孫の手により早稲田大学に寄贈されており、同大学で公開展も行われた事がある。
- Some materials were donated to Waseda University by the hand of the descendant of Mine IMAIZUMI who was the second daughter of Hoshu (Kunioki) KATSURAGAWA the seventh and an open exhibition was held at the university.
- 桂川 甫周（かつらがわ ほしゅう）宝暦元年（1751年）- 文化 (元号)6年6月21日 (旧暦)（1809年8月2日）は、医師及び蘭学者。
- Hoshu KATSURAGAWA (1751- August 2, 1809) was a doctor and Rangakusha (a person who studied Western sciences by means of the Dutch language).
- しかし直後の10月14日に秀甫が没し、秀栄は中川亀三郎に本因坊位継承のための争碁を申し込むが断られ、再び本因坊家を継いで十九世本因坊となる。
- Immediately after that, however, Shuho died on October 14, and Shuei asked Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA for Sogo (official challenge match) to succeed the title of Honinbo but was declined, and therefore Shuei succeeded the Honinbo family again to be Honinbo the 19th.
- 1591年（天正19年）希先西堂が没すると、この間、出石城主となっていた前野長康は、大徳寺から春屋宗園の弟子、薫甫宗忠を宗鏡寺の住職に招いた。
- In 1591, when Saido KISEN passed away, Nagayasu MAENO, who had become the castellan of Izushi-jo Castle by then, invited Sochu TOHO, a disciple of Soen SHUNOKU, from Daitoku-ji Temple as the chief priest of Sukyo-ji Temple.
- その後、長崎の商人渡辺元の援助を受け、「菅仲甫」という変名を用いて中国語や風習などを密かに学び、1895年に辮髪を結って横浜市の清国商館に勤務する。
- Later he secretly learned the Chinese language and customs under the name of 菅仲甫 with the help of Gen Watanabe, a merchant in Nagasaki, and in 1895 worked at the Qing mercantile house in Yokohama City with his hair shaped in benpatsu, a Chinese hairstyle in the Qing era.
- 豊臣秀吉の関白就任後の1585年（天正13年、小瀬甫庵『太閤記』）、あるいは1593年に秀吉が病に際して五大老制の設置に伴い置かれたと考えられている。
- It is supposed that the Gobugyo system was established in 1585 after Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI took office of Kanpaku ('Taikoki' by Hoan OZE) or in 1593 when Hideyoshi established the Gotairo system in his illness.
- 医学を志して漢方医土岐長元の門を叩くが飽き足らず、江戸幕府の江戸医学館で蘭方医桂川甫周(4代目)、芝蘭堂四天王筆頭宇田川玄真の私塾・風雲堂で蘭学を学ぶ。
- Because he was not satisfied only by becoming the disciple of Chogen TOKI, Chinese medicine doctor to study medical science, he learned Western studies by Hoshu KATSURAGAWA (the fourth), Ranpoi in Edo-Igakukan (medical school) of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and in Fuundo, the private school of Genshin UDAGAWA who was the head of the big four of Shiran-do.
- 本因坊 秀甫（ほんいんぼう しゅうほ、天保9年（1838年） - 明治19年（1886年）10月14日）は江戸時代から明治にかけての囲碁棋士_(囲碁)。
- Honinbo Shuho (1838 - October 14, 1886) was an Igo (board game of capturing territory, also called Go) player from the Edo to the Meiji period.
- （『信長公記』では「関東八州の御警固」「東国の儀御取次」、『伊達治家記録』では「東国奉行」、『甫庵信長記』と『武家事記』では「関東管領」と呼称されている。
- (In 'Shinchoko-ki' (Biography of Nobunaga ODA), the post was called 'Kanto-hasshu no gokeigo' (post guarding eight provinces in the Kanto region), or 'Togoku-no-gi otoritsugi' (agency post concerning matters related to the eastern part of Japan, particular Kanto region), in 'Date jika kiroku' (historical record of the Sendai clan), the post was called 'Togoku bugyo' (magistrate in the eastern part of Japan), and in 'Hoan Nobunaga-ki'(Biography of Nobunaga ODA written by Hoan OZE) and 'Buke-jiki' (record about samurai family), the post was called 'Kanto Kanrei.'
- 文久2年に秀策が死去し、門下実力第一の秀甫が後継と見られていたが、文久3年に本因坊丈和未亡人・勢子の抗議により秀和の長男で14歳の本因坊秀悦が跡目とされる。
- When Shusaku died in 1862, most people thought that Shuho would succeed him because he was the best among the Hoinbo disciples, but the widow of Honinbo Jowa, Seiko, strongly objected it and 14-year-old Honinbo Shuetsu, Shuwa's first son, became the heir in 1863.
- 東海地方には他に尾州久田流があり、大高（現在名古屋市緑区 (名古屋市)）の下村実栗が6代宗参の弟子の栄甫から久田流を習得した後、独自発案を含めて創流したもの。
- In the Tokai region, there was also the Bishu Hisada school, and after Mitsuyoshi SHIMOMURA in Otaka (Midori Ward in present day Nagoya City) studied the teachings of the Hisada school under Eiho, a student of the sixth generation grandmaster Sosan, he established his own independent school.
- 芭蕉は江戸を経つと箱根で霧しぐれに隠れる富士を趣深いと感じ、駿河では富士川のほとりで捨て子を見て、「猿を聞く人捨て子に秋の風いかに」と詠んで杜甫の心境に迫ろうとした。
- Basho left Edo and set out for Hakone where he found it enchanting that Mount Fuji was hidden by misty rain; in Suruga, he was walking along the Fuji River when he saw an abandoned child and wrote a poem 'Saru o kiku hito sutego ni aki no kaze ika ni' (those who listen to the monkeys: what of this child in the autumn wind?) to get into Du Fu's (a Chinese poet) mindset.
- 明治12年(1879年)、中川亀三郎が本因坊秀悦、安井算英、井上因碩、林秀栄らとともに研究会方円社発足を計画し、秀甫はその要請に従って越後より帰京してこれに参加、社長となる。
- In 1879 Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA planned to launch a study group named Hoensha, together with Honinbo Shuetsu, Sanei YASUI, Inseki INOUE and Shuei HAYASHI among others, so Shuho accepted their request and returned from Echigo to join them and he became the president.
- 戦国時代 (日本)に智将として名を馳せ、茶人としては利休七哲の1人として知られる細川忠興（三斎）が叔父の玉甫紹琮（ぎょくほじょうそう）を開山として慶長7年（1602年）創建する。
- Koto-in Temple was founded in 1602 by Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, a resourceful general who made his name during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan) and one of the seven disciples of tea ceremony master Rikyu, and he named his uncle Gyokuho Joso as kaisan (founding priest).
- 最古の道中図とされるのは、寛永10年（1633年）から翌年にかけて江戸幕府使番宮城和甫らが幕府に提出した相模国・伊豆国両国の駅路及び山海について記した官撰地図であったとされている。
- It is considered that the oldest dochuzu is the route map of the government compilation on which the post roads, mountains, and seas of the two provinces of Sagami and Izu are described; it was submitted to the government by tsukaiban (government official responsible for inspection of government officials in remote places) Masayoshi MIYAGI and others of the Shogunate government in the period from 1633 to the next year.
- 箕作 阮甫（みつくり げんぽ、寛政11年9月7日 (旧暦)（1799年10月5日） - 文久3年6月17日 (旧暦)（1863年8月1日））は、日本の武士・津山藩士､蘭学者である。
- Genpo MITSUKURI (October 5, 1799 - August 1, 1863) was a Japanese samurai, feudal retainer of the Tsuyama Domain and Dutch scholar.
- ガスを灯火として用いた最古の記録としては、安政の大地震以前に南部藩の医師であった島立甫が、亀戸の自宅においてコールタールから発生させたガスを灯火として燃焼させたことが記されている。
- One of the earliest document on the use of gas for lighting gives the following account: Ryuho SHIMA, physician in Nanbu Domain, burned gas produced from coal tar to obtain lighting in his house in Kameido before the Ansei Great Earthquake.
- 従医にして蘭学者の桂川甫周(7代目、国興)らは西洋技術の導入において必要不可欠と強く幕府に働きかけ、1853年のマシュー・ペリー来航ショックも手伝い1854年になってやっと刊行が認められた。
- Hoshu KATSURAGAWA (the seventh, Kunioki), a shogun's physician and Dutch scholar, and others appealed strongly to the Edo bakufu arguing that the publication of 'Doeff Halma' was essential to the introduction of western technology, and prompted by the shock of the arrival of Matthew PERRY in 1853 the publication was finally approved in 1854.
- フランソワ・ハルマの蘭仏辞書をもとに、宇田川玄随、岡田甫説らの協力を得て辞書を編纂、1796年（寛政8年）、日本初の蘭日辞書『ハルマ和解』（『波留麻和解』、6万4035語収録）を完成させた。
- With contributions from Genzui UDAGAWA and Hosetsu OKADA, they compiled the Dutch-French Dictionary by François Halma and were able to complete the first Dutch-Japanese Dictionary 'Halma Wage' (dictionary Haluma Wage, contained 64,035 words) in 1796.
- 池が吉城川の水に依っているためという説や、然庭園内の池が草書体の水の形をしていることに由来するという説、杜甫の「名園緑碌水」の句に由来するなどの説があるが、はっきりしたことは分かっていない。
- There are some opinions where the name is derived from, including from the fact that the pond water depends on the Yoshiki-gawa River, or the pond is shaped like the Chinese character 'Water' in the Sosho-tai (cursive style writing), or it was taken from a phrase 'Meien ha Ryokusui ni Yori' (The beautiful garden to go is spread along the green water) of a poem written by Toho (a Chinese poet), however, none of them is not certain.
- よって、律令の本文は早くに散逸したが、律については李林甫らによる注釈書『唐律疏義』が残り、令については、1933年、日本の中国法制史学者である仁井田陞が、和漢の典籍より逸文を輯逸し、『唐令拾遺』を著している。
- Therefore, although the original texts of the Ritsuryo were dispersed and lost early on, the ritsu penal code was recorded in the commentary 'Tanglu Shuyi' written by Linfu LI and others, and the ryo administrative code was recorded in 'Torei Shui' written by Noboru NIIDA, a Japanese historian of Chinese legal history, in 1933 by collating missing writing from Japanese and Chinese classical books.
- その後、1577年（天正5年）、中興の祖・舜甫長老が織田信長より50石を受け、1597年（慶長2年）には前田利家が諸堂の再建を行い、徳川家も別朱印状と100石あまりを与えられ、経済的な基盤も整い、ようやく復興を果たした。
- Shunsuke Choro (a senior priest of the temple, credited for restoring it) received 50 koku (measure of volume) of rice from Nobunaga ODA in 1577, had its halls repaired by Toshiie MAEDA (one of the leading generals of Nobunaga ODA, who became the lord of Kaga Domain, the wealthiest domain in the Edo period) in 1597, and was also given 100 koku of rice and a shuinjo (shogunate license to trade) by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA (the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate), and after all these years, the temple was finally revived with a solid financial base.
- 秀甫は中江兆民『一年有半』で「近代非凡人三十一人」に数えられるほどの名声を得ていたが、本因坊道策・秀和・秀策・秀栄といった史上の大名人たちに比べると知名度は低く、時の第一人者でありながらその生涯は決して恵まれたものではなかった。
- Although Shuho had such an excellent reputation that Chomin NAKAE regarded him as 'one of the 31 distinguished people in the modern time' in his book 'Ichinen Yuhan' (One and a Half Year Left), he was less known to the public, compared with the grand masters such as Honinbo Dosaku, Shuwa, Shusaku and Shuei, and his life was not totally fortunate in spite of that he was the leading player of the time.
- 日本最初の医学雑誌『泰西名医彙講』をはじめ、『外科必読』・『産科簡明』・『和蘭文典』・『八紘通誌』・『水蒸船説略』・『西征紀行』など阮甫の訳述書は99部160冊余りが確認されており、その分野は医学・語学・西洋史・兵学・宗教学と広範囲にわたる。
- It is confirmed that Genpo translated 99 titles (nearly 160 volumes in total) including 'Taisei Meii Iko' (literary, Western medicine), the first medical journal in Japan, 'Geka Hitsudoku' (literary, essentials for surgery), 'Sanka Kanmei' (literary, a brief explanation about obstetrics), 'Oranda Bunten' (literary, grammar of Dutch language), 'Hakko Tsushi' (literary, the overview of world history), 'Suijosen Setsuryaku' (literary, a brief explanation about steamboat), 'Seisei Kiko' (literary, records on the Western world) and his specialty ranged from medical science, language, history of the Western world, to military science and philosophy of religion.
- 蜀山人説 - やや時代が下がった天保10年（1839年）の『天保佳話』（劉会山大辺甫篇）では、やはり鰻屋に相談をもちかけられた蜀山人こと太田南畝が、「丑の日に鰻を食べると薬になる」という内容の狂歌をキャッチコピーとして考え出したという話が載せられている。
- The Shokusanjin origin theory: According to 'Tenpo kawa (Good Stories in the Tenpo era),' compiled by Daihenho RYUKAISAN a bit later in 1839, Nanbo OTA (also known as Shokusanjin) was consulted also by an eel restaurant owner, Nanbo devised a tag line in the style of kyoka (a comic tanka [Japanese poem]) saying that 'eating eel on the Ox day was good for one's health.'
- その後、一時「嵯峨御流」は衰退したが、第59代宇多天皇（貞観 (日本)9年5月5日 (旧暦)（867年6月10日） - 承平 (日本)元年7月19日 (旧暦)（931年9月3日））が大覚寺に離宮を構えるようになった時世に華道などの伝統的文化の再興を図り、未生流を学んだ未生斎広甫に再興を託した。
- Although 'Saga Goryu' later declined for a while, the fifty ninth Emperor, Uda (June 14, 867-September 8, 931), with the aim of reviving the traditional culture like flower arrangement, entrusted the revival work to Koho MISHOSAI, who learnt flower arrangement of the Misho-ryu school, in the period when the Emperor Uda set up a rikyu (an imperial villa) on the ground of Daikaku-ji Temple.
- また、川路聖謨、江川英龍などの幕府要人、渡辺崋山、桂川甫周などの蘭学者、箕作省吾などの地理学者、司馬江漢、谷文晁ら画家、砲術家 高島秋帆、海外渡航者の大黒屋光太夫、足立左内、潁川君平、中山作三郎ら和蘭通詞、オランダ商館長（カピタン）のスチュルレ（Johan Willem de Sturler）など、当時の政治、文化、外交の中枢にある人々と広く交流を持って洋学界にも大きく寄与した。
- He also greatly contributed to the development of western studies by his wide-ranging exchanges with the central people of that time in politics, culture, diplomacy such as Toshiakira KAWAJI and Hidetatsu EGAWA (key Edo shogunate figures), Kazan WATANABE and Hoshu KATSURAGAWA (Dutch scholars), Shogo MITSUKURI (geographer), Kokan SHIBA and Buncho TANI (painters), Shuhan TAKASHIMA (ballistic specialist), Kodayu DAIKOKUYA (returnee from Russia), Sanai ADACHI, Kunpei EGAWA, Sakusaburo NAKAYAMA (Japanese-Dutch translator), Johan Willem de Sturler (curator of Dutch trading house).
