照: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 黙照禅
- Mokusho-zen (a method of zazen)
- 領域照射
- involved-field irradiation
- に照らして
- in comparison with
- when compared with
- according to
- in light of
- in view of
- in the light of ~
- (参照:)
- (Reference:)
- (Reference)
- 袿を参照。
- See uchigi (layers of gowns).
- 山笠も参照
- Refer also to the section on yamagasa (literally, 'mountain umbrella')
- 次項参照。
- Refer to the next section.
- 該項参照。
- Refer to the related section.
- 慈照寺銀閣
- The Ginkaku (literally, silver tower) of Jisho-ji Temple
- 能面参照。
- Please refer to the section of Noh mask.
- 諱は光照。
- His imina (a real personal name) was Kosho.
- 日吉東照宮
- Hiyoshi Toshogu Shrine
- (流派参照)
- (Refer to schools)
- (鉱泉参照)
- (refer to mineral spring)
- 徳姫を参照。
- Please refer to the explanation on Tokuhime (Princess Tokuhime).
- 東照権現信仰
- The faith in Tosho Gongen
- 慈照寺東求堂
- Togudo of Jishoji-Temple
- 真宗誠照寺派
- Shinshu Josho-ji School
- 幼名は照宮。
- His childhood name was Teru no miya.
- 壬申の乱参照
- Refer to the Jinshin War.
- 日本の照り焼き
- Japanese teriyaki
- (農事暦参照)
- (Refer to Noji reki (agricultural calendar))
- :苦味を参照。
- : See the 'Bitterness.'
- ギボウシ参照。
- Referring to 'Giboshi.'
- 枯山水を参照。
- Refer to Karesansui
- 大慈応照禅師。
- He was also known as Daiji Osho Zenji.
- 岩絵具を参照。
- Please refer to the section on Mineral Pigments for further details.
- 三十三間堂参照
- Refer to section for Sanjusangendo Hall.
- (→歴史参照)
- (=> Refer to 'History')
- 熊本県の項参照。
- Refer to the section for Kumamoto Prefecture.
- 曲水の宴も参照。
- Please refer to the section on Gokusui no En festival.
- くじ取り式参照。
- Refer to the section on Kuji torishiki.
- (→たたき参照)
- (Refer to tataki)
- 儒教教義を参照。
- Please refer to the explanation on the Confucian Doctrine.
- (右上画像参照)
- (As seen in the upper right side picture)
- 寂照院と号した。
- His go (pen name) was Jakushoin.
- 詳細は半能参照。
- For details, please refer to the section 'Half Noh.'
- 『照権実鏡』1巻
- 'Shogon-jikkyo' 1 volume
- 日本の銀貨も参照
- Also refer to Japanese silver coins.
- (→自然誌参照)
- (=> Refer to 'Natural History')
- 飛鳥時代を参照。
- Refer to the Asuka period.
- 久世駒形稚児参照。
- Refer to the section on Kuze Komagata Chigo.
- 長刀鉾の稚児参照。
- Refer to the section of Naginata boko Chigo.
- - 道祖神を参照。
- - See Doso-shin.
- - 庚申塚を参照。
- - See Koshin Zuka.
- - 一里塚を参照。
- - See Ichiri Zuka.
- 詳細は廻しを参照。
- For details, please refer to the article 'Mawashi.'
- - 嫌い箸を参照。
- Please refer to 'Kiraibashi' (hated manners in using chopsticks).
- (参照:釈迦三尊)
- (See Shaka sanzon, Shaka triad.)
- →京都御所を参照。
- Refer to the item of Kyoto Gosho.
- (民家の項も参照)
- (Refer to private houses as well.)
- 徳照館 (略称T)
- Tokushokan (the abbreviated title is T)
- 歌詞はs謡物を参照
- See the section on Utaimono for the lyrics.
- (奈良華族を参照)
- (Refer to the Nara peerage.)
- 大名庭園を参照)。
- Refer to Daimyo-teien.
- 慈照寺 (銀閣寺)
- Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple)
- (舞扇の項も参照)
- (See the Mai-ogi section, too.)
- 常照寺 (京都市)
- Josho-ji Temple (Kyoto City)
- 遍照寺 (京都市)
- Henjo-ji Temple (Kyoto City)
- (民族も参照の事)
- (Also refer to Race.)
- 租税も参照のこと。
- Refer to Sozei.
- 詳細は龍谷大学参照
- For more information, refer to section for Ryukoku University.
- - 詳細は東寺参照
- For more information, refer to section for To-ji Temple
- 岩屋城の戦いも参照
- See the battle of Iwaya-jo Castle.
- その他は縁日を参照。
- Please refer to fairs for other stalls.
- 詳しくは的屋を参照。
- Refer to tekiya for details.
- 詳しくは鏑矢を参照。
- For details, see the section on the whistling arrow.
- 三十三間堂構造参照。
- Please refer to the heading 'Consruction' in the article concerning 'Sanjusangen-do Hall.'
- 神幸祭・還幸祭参照。
- Refer to the section of Shinkosai and Kankosai (the most important ritual of the Gion Matsuri Festival).
- Refer to the section on Shinkosai and Kankosai.
- 宵山・山鉾巡行参照。
- Refer to the section on Yoiyama and Yamahoko Junko.
- (参照:清酒の起源)
- (Refer to 'Origin of seishu.')
- 日本酒の歴史を参照。
- Refer to 'History of Sake.'
- 詳しくは洋食を参照。
- For more information, refer to yo-shoku.
- For more information, refer to the item for yo-shoku.
- - 上記概要を参照。
- See above summary.
- 別項漫画評論も参照。
- See section on Comic Review.
- 詳細は六尺褌を参照。
- For details, please refer to the article 'Roku-shaku Fundoshi.'
- 詳細は越中褌を参照。
- For details, please refer to the article 'Etchu Fundoshi.'
- ユッケ、フェを参照。
- Refer to 'Yukhoe' and 'Hoe.'
- →甲州 (葡萄)参照
- See the article of Koshu (grape).
- 平家物語平曲を参照。
- Refer to 'Heikyoku' in the Heike Monogatari.
- 胡蝶 (能)を参照。
- Refer to Kocho (Noh).
- 歌詞はs謡物を参照。
- As to its lyric, see the article on Utaimono (謡物).
- 諡号は仏日真照禅師。
- His shigo (a posthumous name) was Butsunichi Shinsho Zenji.
- →東京の皇居を参照。
- Refer to the item of Kokyo in Tokyo.
- 記事露地も参照の事。
- Also refer to an article about roji.
- 諡号は真源大照禅師。
- His shigo (a posthumous name) was Shingen Daisho Zenji (meaning a high-ranking Zen priest honored by the imperial court).
- 羅刹国を参照のこと。
- See 'Rasetsu-koku.'
- 多宝塔の項目を参照。
- Refer to Tahoto
- 御家門を参照のこと。
- Refer to Gokamon.
- 詳細は天龍寺船を参照
- For details, see Tenryujibune.
- (検断沙汰も参照。)
- (Also refer to Kendan-sata (criminal cases).)
- - 詳細は碧雲荘参照
- For more information, refer to section for Hekiunso.
- - 詳細は曼殊院参照
- For more information, refer to section for Manshuin.
- - 詳細は清水寺参照
- For more information, refer to section for Kiyomizu-dera
- - 詳細は知恩院参照
- For more information, refer to section for Chionin Temple.
- - 詳細は仁和寺参照
- For more information, refer to section for Ninna-ji Temple.
- (→小辺路の峠参照)
- (=> Refer to 'Passes on Kohechi')
- (→海藻も参照のこと)
- (=>See seaweed)
- 詳しくは矢開きを参照。
- For details, see the section on yabiraki.
- 詳しくは「酒米」参照。
- For more information, refer to 'Sakamai.'
- 詳細は清酒酵母を参照。
- For more information, refer to 'Sake yeast.'
- (参照:吟醸酒の誕生)
- (Refer to 'Birth of Ginjoshu.)
- (「低濃度酒」参照。)
- (Refer to 'Sake of low alcohol concentration.')
- 関流筒:関流砲術参照。
- Seki style gun: See Seki's school of gunnery.
- 詳しくは、和裁を参照。
- For further details, see 'Wasai.'
- - ピザ宅配ピザも参照
- - refer also to Pizza, Takuhai (delivery) Pizza
- 詳細は記事傘福を参照。
- For more details, please see Section of Kasafuku.
- - 詳細は熨斗を参照。
- Refer to 'noshi' for details.
- 小唄・うた沢の項を参照
- Refer to the pages for kouta and utazawa.
- 詳細は『笠懸』項参照。
- For details refer to the listing on 'Kasagake.'
- 『普照国師広録』30巻
- 'Fusho-kokushi koroku' (Analects of Ingen), thirty volumes
- ナイター照明設備:6基
- The lighting facilities for night games: 6 facilities
- (図g オラデア参照)
- (Refer to Figure g. Oradea.)
- 歌詞はs国風歌舞を参照
- For the lyrics, see the section on Kuniburi-no-utamai dance.
- 照葉樹林文化圏も参照。
- Refer also to cultural region of evergreen broadleaf forest.
- 記事寿司鯖寿司も参照。
- Also see the description of Saba-zushi in the article of Sushi.
- 詳細は文化遺産を参照。
- Please refer to the section 'Cultural Heritages' for details.
- 慈照寺東求堂:持仏堂。
- Togudo in Jisho-ji Temple: Jibutsudo
- (本願ぼこりを参照)。
- (Refer to Presumption upon the Primal Vow)
- 地獄 (仏教)も参照。
- Refer to Hell (Buddhism).
- (参照:金魚酒の横行)
- (Refer to the section of the rampant state of goldfish sake business.)
- (詳細は庄屋を参照。)
- (For details, see the article about Shoya [village headman in the Edo period]).
- 詳しくは「鏑矢」を参照。
- For details, see the section on 'Kaburaya.'
- 詳細は定義を参照のこと。
- Refer to Definition for further details.
- 詳しくは鳴弦の儀を参照。
- See the section of Meigen no gi.
- 詳細は、素人歌舞伎参照。
- For details, please refer to the article of 'Shiroto Kabuki' (amateur Kabuki).
- 万願寺唐辛子参照のこと。
- Refer to Manganji togarashi.
- 詳しくは捕鯨文化を参照。
- See Whaling Culture for details.
- 詳しくは天下普請を参照。
- For more details, see Tenka bushin.
- 詳しくは「貝塚」を参照。
- See 'Shell Mounds' for details.
- 時代劇のふんどしも参照。
- Also please refer to the article of 'Fundoshi for Period Dramas.'
- トリカブトを参照のこと。
- Refer to torikabuto.
- 詳細は魏志倭人伝を参照。
- For further details, see 'Gishiwajinden.'
- (鰹は→鰹のタタキ参照)
- (for bonito, refer to Bonito Tataki)
- - 詳しくは結納を参照。
- Refer to the article of Yuino for details.
- 詳細は『犬追物』項参照。
- For details refer to the listing on 'Inu Oumono' (dog hunting).
- 詳細は『流鏑馬』項参照。
- For details refer to the listing on 'Yabusame.'
- 胡蝶 (歌舞伎)を参照。
- Refer to Kocho (Kabuki) section.
- 詳細は、亥の子餅を参照。
- Refer to Inoko mochi section for details.
- →東京奠都の項目を参照。
- Refer to the item of Tokyo Tento (transfer of the national capital to Tokyo).
- 日光東照宮は畳敷である。
- In Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine, the floor of the ishinoma is made of tatami mats.
- 宇佐若宮(聖女)下照姫神
- Usawakamiya (Seijo) Shimoteruhimenokami
- 詳細は『永享記』を参照。
- See 'Eijunki' for more details.
- →(一会桑政権を参照)。
- (See Ichikaiso government).
- 詳しくは秋雨の項を参照。
- Refer to the section for autumnal rain.
- →詳細は中津市唐揚げを参照
- For more details, refer to the section on 'Karaage in Nakatsu City.'
- wKombuchaを参照。
- Refer to wKombucha.
- 弓道については弓道を参照。
- As for Kyudo, see the article on Kyudo.
- 弓術については弓術を参照。
- As for Kyujutsu, see the article on Kyujutsu.
- 麻雀のルール焼き鳥も参照。
- Refer also to the section under Yakitori in the mah-jong rule article.
- (節句の項目を参照のこと)
- (Refer to the item Sekku)
- 音頭形式の楽曲一覧も参照。
- Please refer to 'The list of songs in the style of a folk song.'
- 両者は芸風も対照的である。
- The two schools are poles apart in the style of performance.
- 詳細は記事さげもんを参照。
- For more details, please see Section of Sagemon.
- (ジアスターゼ脚注参照。)
- Refer to the footnotes of 'Diastase'.
- 五十猛のグロを参照のこと。
- Refer to Guro of Isotake.
- 胡蝶 (源氏物語)を参照。
- Refer to Kocho (the Tale of Genji).
- (参照:日本酒辛口ブーム)
- (See the section of [the boom of dry sake])
- (六巻抄の依儀判文抄参照)
- (See Egihanmon-sho in Rokkan-sho (Six-volume Writings).)
- 日光東照宮陽明門(日光市)
- Yomeimon Gate of the Nikko Toshogu Shrine (in Nikko City)
- 円照寺(臨済宗) 山村御所
- Ensho-ji Temple (Rinzai sect) Yamamura-gosho
- 父は近江国円照寺の僧大涛。
- His father was Daito, a priest of Ensho-ji Temple, in Omi Province.
- 高城 (三俣院) を参照。
- Refer to Taka-jo Castle (Mimatain).
- 高城 (新納院) を参照。
- Refer to Taka-jo Castle (Niiroin).
- 高城 (穆佐院) を参照。
- Refer to Taka-jo Castle (Mukasain).
- 高城 (伊勢国) を参照。
- Refer to Taka-jo Castle (Ise Province).
- (図f ハーレック城参照)
- (Refer to Figure f. Harlech Castle.)
- (図b カルカソンヌ参照)
- (Refer to Figure b. Carcassonne.)
- 観照の法門 観自在菩薩の章
- Homon of Contemplation Chapter of Kanjizai Bosatsu (bodhisattva)
- 円珍書状(寄遍照)(国宝)
- Enchin's letters (yorihenjo) (National treasure)
- あまねく十方世界を照らして
- illuminates all over the world,
- 詳しくは十如是の項を参照。
- For further details, refer to the section of Junyoze.
- 照高院、浄満寺宮と号した。
- He called himself Shokoin or Jomanji no miya.
- 「一隅を照らす運動」総裁。
- He was the president of 'the Brighten the World at Your Corner Activities.'
- 詳しくは悲田処の項を参照。
- Please refer to the section on Hidensho for details.
- 詳細は花粉症を参照のこと。
- For further details, refer to 'Hay Fever.'
- 詳しくは南島町伝説を参照。
- For details, refer to the legend of Minamijima-cho.
- 詳細は冷泉家時雨亭文庫参照
- For more information, refer to section for Shigure-tei bunko library of the Reizei family.
- - 詳細は東福寺建造物参照
- For more information, refer to section for Buildings and Structures of Tofuku-ji Temple
- 詳細はアイヌを参照のこと。
- For more details, refer to 'Ainu.'
- 下記の「洋風カツ丼」も参照。
- Refer to the 'Western-style katsudon' below.
- (詳細は「カツレツ」を参照)
- (For more details, please refer to 'Katsuretsu' (cutlet).
- - 詳しくはカタ屋 を参照。
- Please refer to Kataya for more details.
- 飲食店の露天商は屋台を参照。
- Refer to Yatai for restaurant rotensho.
- 詳細は温泉マークを参照の事。
- Concerning the details, refer to Onsen mark.
- 詳細は後述の項目を参照せよ。
- As for details, refer to the items to be mentioned later.
- 詳しくは、伝統派空手を参照。
- For detailed information, please refer to the page on Dentoha karate.
- 本ページ「ひやおろし」参照。
- Refer to 'Hiyaoroshi' on this page.
- 日本の食事作法をも参照せよ。
- Refer to eating manners in Japan as well.
- 詳細はこんにゃくゼリー参照。
- See konnyaku jelly for more information.
- 詳細は市松人形を参照されたし
- Refer to Ichimatsu ningyo for details
- 詳しくは各山笠の項目を参照。
- For details, refer to the section for each yamakasa.
- 人名一覧職業別を参照のこと。
- For those people, refer to the name list of people by occupation.
- 箸の持ち方は箸使用法を参照。
- Regarding the way of using chopsticks, please refer to the article 'How to use chopsticks.'
- (詳しくは江戸前寿司を参照)
- (For details, refer to Edomae-zushi).
- 光照院(四宗兼学) 常盤御所
- Kosho-in Temple (combining four sects), Tokiwa-gosho
- (詳細は蔵屋敷を参照のこと)
- (Refer to 'Kura Yashiki' for details.)
- 詳しくは総構えの項目を参照。
- Refer to the section of 'Sogamae' for details.
- 詳しくは現代雅楽の項を参照。
- See further details in the 'Modern Gagaku' section.
- 藤原千方の四鬼を参照のこと。
- See 'The Four Ogres of Chikata FUJIWARA.'
- (年忌年忌法要一覧を参照。)
- (Refer to the list of anniversary memorial services)
- (本願ぼこりも参照のこと。)
- (Refer to Presumption upon the Primal Vow)
- 詳細はそれぞれの項目を参照。
- Concerning the details, refer to the respective items.
- 日光東照宮 - 栃木県日光市
- Nikko Toshogu Shrine: Nikko City, Tochigi Prefecture
- 上記(勤行前の準備)を参照。
- Please refer to the article about 'Preparation for a gongyo' above.
- 詳細は柳川一件を参照のこと。
- For more information, refer to the Yanagawa Incident.
- (詳しくは武家官位を参照。)
- (For more details, please refer to Buke-Kani (Official Court Titles for Samurai.)
- 詳しくは、三味線の項目を参照。
- For details, please refer to the article on the shamisen.
- 矢の構造の詳細は「矢」を参照。
- For structural details of the arrow, see the article on the 'Arrow.'
- 大道芸の露天商は大道芸を参照。
- Refer to Street Performance for street performance rotensho.
- 矢に纏わる言葉は「矢」を参照。
- As to the words related to arrow, see the article of 'Arrow' (weapon).
- 詳細は「たい焼き」を参照の事。
- For more details, refer to 'Tai-yaki.'
- 詳細は七夕の項目を参照のこと。
- For details, please refer to the article 'Tanabata.'
- (参照「日本酒消費低迷期」)。
- (Refer to 'Slumped Period of Sake Consumption.')
- 特色ある節分祭・節分会も参照。
- Also, please refer to the descriptions on some characteristic Setsubun-sai (setsubun festivals) and Setsubun-e (setsubun ceremonies).
- 詳しくは防具付き空手の項参照。
- For detailed information, please refer to the page on Bogutsuki karate.
- 詳細は木目込人形を参照されたし
- Refer to Kimekomi ningyo for details
- 庭園については日本庭園を参照。
- For gardens, refer to Japanese gardens.
- ここで、東照権現信仰が始まる。
- This is the origin of the faith in Tosho Gongen.
- 嵯峨釈迦堂-清凉寺の項を参照。
- Saga Shaka-do Temple - see the section of 'Seiryo-ji Temple.'
- (詳細は江戸藩邸を参照のこと)
- (Refer to 'Edo Hantei.')
- (詳しくはびわ湖温泉を参照)。
- (For details, refer to the article about the Biwa-ko Lake Spa Resort.)
- 詳細は文化遺産保護制度を参照。
- Please refer to 'System for the Protection of Cultural Heritages.'
- 煩悩障眼雖不見 大悲無倦常照我
- Passions obstruct my eyes and I cannot see him; Nevertheless, great compassion is untired and has always illuminated me.
- 題目各団体における詳細を参照。
- Refer to 'Details in each group' (題目各団体) of 'Daimoku'(題目).
- 五台山 (中国) 円照寺ラマ塔
- 円照寺ラマ Stupa in Wutaishan
- 諱は道忠.号は葆雨堂・照冰堂。
- His imina (personal name) was Michitada, and his pseudonym was 葆雨堂 and 照冰堂.
- - 詳細は地主神社、清水寺参照
- For more information, refer to sections for Jishu-jinja Shrine and Kiyomizu-dera Temple.
- - 一部国宝、詳細は二条城参照
- Partly, national treasure; for more information, refer to section for Nijo-jo Castle
- - 一部国宝、詳細は醍醐寺参照
- Partly, national treasure; for more information, refer to section for Daigo-ji Temple.
- 生駒山テレビ・FM送信所を参照
- Refer to Mt. Ikoma TV FM Transmission Station
- 詳しくは、各地のういろうを参照。
- For details, refer to the sections on The Uiro in various places.
- 後者については能楽を参照のこと。
- Refer to Nogaku for details on the latter.
- 詳細は通信カラオケを参照のこと。
- Refer to online karaoke for details.
- Refer to the online karaoke for details.
- (参照「日本酒の歴史大正時代」)
- (Refer to 'History of sake in the Taisho period.')
- 弓の構造の詳細は「和弓」を参照。
- For structural details of the bow, see the article on the 'Japanese bow.'
- ぜんざい沖縄県のぜんざいを参照。
- See 'Zenzai' in Okinawa Prefecture for more details.
- この項目、日和下駄の部分を参照。
- For this item, refer to Hiyori-geta (dry weather geta).
- 詳細は焼き鳥の地域差の項を参照。
- For details, refer to the section under Regional differences in yakitori.
- 記事「茶」の項目、茶朝鮮半島参照
- Please refer to 'tea' category in Tea of Korean Peninsula article.
- 照りのなかでも最も好まれる色調。
- Color tone which is the most liked among various teri (luster)
- 詳しくは地歌の項目を参照のこと。
- Please see the jiuta section for details.
- 蝋燭は江戸時代の室内照明である。
- Candles were used for indoor lighting during the Edo period.
- (→「喜六と清八」も参照のこと)
- (See also 'Kiroku and Seihachi.')
- 詳しくは括り緒の袴該当項目参照。
- For details, refer to the related articles of kukurio no hakama (Japanese male skirt with strings in the lower sleeve edge to be adjusted).
- 六尺褌水着としての六尺褌も参照。
- Please refer also to the article 'Roku-shaku Fundoshi Mizugi tosite no Roku-shaku Fundoshi.'
- その種類は寿司寿司種を参照の事。
- Refer to Sushi Tane of Sushi for the kinds of toppings and fillings.
- (参照日本酒の歴史昭和時代中期)
- (Refer to the Middle of the Showa Period)
- 詳細は記事雛のつるし飾りを参照。
- For more details, please see Section of Hina no tsurushi kazari.
- 古墳時代以前のものは遺跡も参照。
- For Japanese architecture before the Kofun period (tumulus period), also refer to remains.
- 焼酎の新酒については焼酎を参照。
- Refer to shochu (distilled spirit) related publications regarding 'nouveau' style shochu.
- 歌詞はs近代に作られた神楽参照。
- About the lyrics, please see the article of s: Kagura, (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine) made in the modern age.
- 千本釈迦堂-大報恩寺の項を参照。
- Senbon Shaka-do Temple - see the section of 'Daihoon-ji Temple.'
- 善福院釈迦堂-善福院の項を参照。
- Zenpuku-in Temple Shaka-do Hall - see the section of 'Zenpuku-in Temple.'
- 詳しくは本丸の項目を参照のこと。
- Refer to the section of 'Honmaru' for details.
- (大江山および酒呑童子の項参照)
- (Refer to sections on Mt. Oe and Shuten-doji)
- そして、そこに天照大神を祭った。
- And she enshrined Amaterasu Omikami there.
- この名称で参照されることも多い。
- This name is often used for reference.
- (軍刀刀身・軍刀についても参照)
- (See also Military Sword Blades and Military Swords)
- 下記「名称」の項目を参照のこと。
- See 'Names' below for details.
- 詳しくはテンプラ (馬)を参照。
- For the details, please see tempura (horse.)
- 光明徧照(こうみょうへんじょう)
- 光明徧照 (Komyo henjo)
- 遍照寺旧境内建物跡(市指定史跡)
- The ruins of buildings from the ancient precincts of Henjo-ji Temple (designated by the city as an historical site)
- 光照自らも度々軍隊慰問を行った。
- Also Kosho made often his personal visits to military units to comfort soldiers.
- 詳細は鎮西奉行、鎮西探題を参照。
- For details, see Chinzei Bugyo and Chinzei Tandai.
- ※県については「奈良県」を参照。
- For the prefecture of Nara, refer to 'Nara Prefecture.'
- 類似の例としては四條畷市を参照。
- Refer to Shijonawate City as a similar example.
- 詳細については、リンク先を参照。
- Refer to the linked URLs for details.
- 豊臣秀吉本能寺の変の黒幕説参照。
- Refer to the view that Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI was the mastermind of Honnnoji Incident.
- (「地方自治体開発の酒米」参照)。
- (Refer to 'Sakamai developed by the municipality.')
- - 詳しくは巻藁 (弓道)を参照。
- For details, see the article on makiwara (Kyudo)
- 下記の数え年の計算方法の項を参照。
- Please see the section on the traditional Japanese system of age calculation below.
- ※雛祭り・曲水の宴・時代行列も参照
- *See also Hina Matsuri (Doll Festival), Kyokusui no en, and historic pageants
- 祇園東:小町踊り:小町踊りを参照。
- Gion Higashi fleshpot: Komachi odori dance: Refer to the section on the Komachi odori dance.
- 詳細は、お年玉付郵便はがきを参照。
- Refer to the section on Otoshidama-tsuki yubin hagaki (New Year's lottery postcards) for details.
- (中国産食品の安全性も参照のこと)
- Please refer to the article on 'the safety of Chinese foods'
- (参照:日本酒の歴史昭和時代以降)
- (Refer to 'History of Sake: Showa Period and On.')
- (詳しくは「純米酒」の項を参照。)
- (For more information refer to the section 'Junmaishu.')
- 詳細は「鰻丼」「鰻重」を参照の事。
- See 'unadon' and 'unaju' for further information.
- Jリーグの試合中止例も参照のこと。
- See also Examples of suspension of the J. League games.
- 精しくはキリシタン資料を参照せよ。
- For details, refer to Christian materials.
- 六尺褌愛好者、越中褌愛好者も参照。
- Please refer also to the articles 'Roku-shaku Fundoshi Aikosha' (devotees to roku-shaku fundoshi loincloth) and 'Etchu Fundoshi Aikosha' (devotees to Etchu fundoshi loincloth).
- (詳しくは「カツ丼」の項目参照。)
- (For further details, refer to 'Katsu-don.')
- マイナス (ギリシア神話)も参照。
- Also refer to Maenad (Greek Mythology).
- 詳細は地獄 (仏教)を参照のこと。
- Refer to Jigoku (Buddhism) for details.
- (参照:平井聖「日本住宅の歴史」)
- (Source: Housing History in Japan, Kiyoshi HIRAI.)
- 高瀬川 (京都府)歴史の節を参照。
- Refer to the article of history of the Takase-gawa River (Kyoto Prefecture).
- 天照山光明寺 (鎌倉市)(鎌倉市)
- Tenshozan Komyo-ji Temple (Kamakura city)
- →詳細については木鉦を参照のこと。
- -> For more information, refer to mokusho.
- (詳細は、悪人正機を参照のこと。)
- (For the details, refer to 'Akuninshouki')
- 以下に比較対照をいくつか列挙する。
- Some comparisons are recited below.
- 権現造(北野神社、日光東照宮など)
- Gongen zukuri (Kitano-jinja Shrine, Nikko Toshogu, etc)
- シテ方(詳細は各記事を参照のこと)
- Pro protagonists (Shite) (Please refer to each section for details)
- 宝物館(心照館) 泉涌寺境内に設置
- Homotsu-kan (a treasure hall) (Shinsho-kan hall): Located inside the precincts of Sennyu-ji Temple.
- 永照寺 - 福岡県北九州市小倉北区
- Eisho-ji Temple: Kokurakita Ward, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture
- 父は東大寺厳寛で、戒壇院円照の兄。
- Shoshu's father is Todai-ji 厳寛 and Shoshu is an elder brother of Kaidan-in Ensho.
- 東照宮〔京都市左京区南禅寺福地町〕
- Tosho-gu Shrine [Nanzenji Fukuchi-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City]
- 慈照寺銀閣〔京都市左京区銀閣寺町〕
- Ginkaku (silver pavilion) of Jisho-ji Temple [Ginkakuji-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City]
- - 一部国宝、詳細は北野天満宮参照
- Partly, national treasure; for more information, refer to section for KitanoTenmangu Shrine.
- 詳細はカラオケボックスを参照のこと。
- Refer to karaoke box for details.
- (詳しくは南蛮菓子の項を参照のこと)
- (See the section of Nanbangashi for more details.)
- (→ 韓国起源説の項を参照されたい)
- (please refer to the Korean origin theory.)
- 詳しくは、フルコンタクト空手を参照。
- For detailed information, please refer to the page on full-contact karate.
- (詳しくは「日本の教育」の項を参照)
- (For details, refer to the section of 'Japanese education.')
- 家具については日本の文化生活を参照。
- For furniture, refer to 'Cultural lives in Japan.'
- For furniture, refer to civilized life in Japan.
- 誠照寺(福井県鯖江市) 末寺数 80
- Josho-ji Temple (Sabae City, Fukui Prefecture), 80 branch temples
- 専照寺(福井県福井市) 末寺数 41
- Sensho-ji Temple (Fukui City, Fukui Prefecture), 41 branch temples
- (図e クラク・デ・シュバリエ参照)
- (Refer to Figure e. Krak des Chevaliers Castle.)
- 延喜の治および天暦の治も参照のこと。
- See also Engi no chi and Tenryaku no chi.
- 慈照寺東求堂(じしょうじとうぐどう)
- Togudo hall of Jisho-ji Temple
- - 一部国宝、詳細は賀茂御祖神社参照
- Partly, national treasure; for more information, refer to section for Kamomioya-jinja Shrine.
- - 一部国宝、詳細は賀茂別雷神社参照
- Partly, national treasure; for more information, refer to section for Kamo Wakeikazuchi Jinja Shrine.
- 日本の弓矢の歴史については和弓を参照。
- As to the history of Yumiya in Japan, see the section on the Japanese bow.
- 温泉の種類は泉質についても参照のこと。
- For categorization of hot springs, also refer to the quality of hot springs.
- 詳しくは、天体観望の項目を参照のこと。
- For details, please refer to the article on 'Astronomical observation.'
- 詳細は各落語家のリンク先を参照のこと。
- Refer to the linked pages of each rakugoka for further details.
- 地衿(じえり)本衿(ほんえり)を参照。
- Jieri: See Honeri.
- 安倍晴明安倍晴明が登場する作品を参照。
- Refer to the works in which ABE no Seimei appears.
- (反対語 → 迎え火 お盆の記事参照)
- Its antonym is 'mukaebi' (ceremonial bonfire to welcome spirits of the dead that return to their old homes during the Bon period); for more information please refer to the Article on 'Obon.'
- 各日の行事については、365日を参照。
- For events of each day, refer to 365 days.
- なお、詳細は「両界曼荼羅」の項を参照。
- As for details, refer to the column of 'Ryokai Mandala.'
- 母は丹後国宮津藩主京極高知の娘常照院。
- His mother was Joshoin, a daughter of Takatomo KYOGOKU who was the lord of Miyazu Domain in Tango Province.
- 京の鹿苑寺、慈照寺はその代表であろう。
- Typical of such examples are Rokuon-ji Temple and the Jisho-ji Temple in Kyoto.
- (参照:岩波文庫新版 水野弥穂子校注)
- (Refer to the new Iwanami bunko version, corrected and annotated by Yaoko MIZUNO)
- (ニホンジカ狩猟獣としてのシカを参照)
- (See also the item of deer as a hunted animal, shika deer.)
- 詳細は下記の仏説無量寿経を参照のこと。
- The details can be found in the following Bussetsu Muryojukyo:
- 『臨済慧照禅師語録疏瀹』(1726年)
- '臨済慧照禅師語録疏瀹' (1726)
- (詳しくは『九暦』の項を参照のこと)。
- (The details can be found in the article on 'Kyureki' [The Diary of FUJIWARA no Morosue]).
- この点については六壬神課の項目を参照。
- Regarding this point, refer to the item of Rikujinshinka.
- 勢多(瀬田)の夕照(せたのせきしょう)
- Seta no Sekisho (the red sky at sunset in Seta)
- - 詳しくは的 (弓道)及び弓道を参照。
- For details, see the article on mato (Kyudo) and Kyudo
- 弓に纏わる言葉は「弓 (武器)」を参照。
- As to the words related to bow, see the article of 'Bow' (weapon).
- →詳細は切腹切腹の作法の節を参照のこと。
- For details, refer to 'Ritual.'
- 著名な茶人については茶人人物一覧を参照。
- For more information about well known chajin, please refer to the List of people, Chajin.
- 糸引き納豆以外の種類は種類を参照のこと。
- For types other than itohiki-natto, refer to the corresponding section.
- 正確な理解はインド料理の項を参照のこと。
- Refer to Indian Cuisine for a proper understanding.
- 共衿(ともえり)掛衿(かけえり)を参照。
- Tomoeri: See Kake-eri.
- 刺身につけたり、照焼きのタレなどに向く。
- It is suitable for the soy-sauce for Sashimi (raw fish), or sauce for cooking teriyaki (grilled meat or fish marinated in sweetened soy-sauce).
- (詳しくはワインと燗の節を参照のこと。)
- (for details, refer to the article 'Warming wine')
- 詳しくは「日本酒醪(もろみ)造り」参照。
- Please refer to 'Japanese moromi Production' for details.
- 晩年は相国寺内に慈照院を建てて退隠した。
- In his later years, he built Jisho-in on the premises of Shokoku-ji Temple and retired into private life.
- 両者の比較については瞬発式火縄銃を参照。
- See instantaneous discharge matchlock for comparison between the two systems.
- (詳しくは年齢のとなえ方に関する法律参照)
- (Please refer to the item of the law of the method of age calculation for the details)
- 照り焼き(てりやき)とは日本料理の調理法。
- Teriyaki is a cooking technique used in Japanese cuisine.
- 現在では照明の加減で造木であることが多い。
- Artificial trees are used in many cases due to adjustment of illumination.
- その他の落語家については落語家一覧を参照。
- Refer to The List of Rakugoka for other rakugoka.
- (実際には数日ずれる。詳しくは昼を参照)。
- (It is actually a few days out, however. See the 'Daytime (astronomy)' article for details.)
- 阿羅漢を祀る寺院については、羅漢寺を参照。
- For details on the temples that enshrine Arakan, see Rakan-ji Temple.
- 千木と鰹木に関しては千木・鰹木参照のこと。
- For Chigi and Kastsuogi, refer to Chigi and Katsuogi.
- 日光東照宮:拝殿9間、石の間3間、本堂5間
- At Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine the haiden is 16.2 meters wide, the ishinoma 5.4 meters wide and the honden 9 meters wide.
- 沖縄県波照間島の黒砂糖の饅頭等独自手造り。
- Unique handmade including manju (bun stuffed with adzuki-bean paste) made with brown sugar from Haterumajima Island in Okinawa Prefecture.
- 慈照寺銀閣は東山文化を代表する存在である。
- The Ginkaku of the Jisho-ji Temple empitomizes Higashiyama culture.
- (戦後の弓道史は弓道歴史を参照されたい。)
- (As to the history of Kyudo after World War II, see the article; 'Kyudo-shi (history of Kyudo).')
- 詳細は下記の『仏説阿弥陀経』を参照のこと。
- Concerning the details, refer to the item of 'Bussetsu Amida-kyo Sutra' below.
- 詳細は「曹洞宗 日本における曹洞宗」を参照
- See detail in 'The Soto sect in Japan' of 'Soto sect.'
- 蕨尾からの果無峠には照葉樹林帯が見られる。
- In the section below Warabio of Hatenashi Pass, an evergreen broadleaf forest extends.
- 航路および船舶の詳細は、琵琶湖汽船を参照。
- For more information on water routes and ships, refer to section of Biwako Kisen.
- (→動機と首謀者に関するその他の考察参照)
- (Refer to 'Other consideraitons about motive and ringleader.')
- 詳細は仙台初売り、佐世保初売りの項目を参照。
- For further details, please refer to 'Sendai Hatsuuri' and 'Sasebo Hatsuuri.'
- 下記項目「呪いや祓いの力を持つ弓矢」を参照。
- See the following section 'Yumiya with the power to fight curses and perform exorcism.'
- See the following section on 'the Yumiya regarding curses and exorcism.'
- 「みだらしだんご」参照(発音・表記に注意)。
- See 'midarashi dango' for reference (notice the pronunciation and the notation).
- (この経緯については「煎茶道」の項目参照)。
- (For the details of how this happened, see 'Senchado'.)
- なお中国の剣術に対しては中国剣を参照のこと。
- Concerning Chinese Kenjutsu, refer to Chinese swords.
- 和服の制作方法について詳しくは、和裁を参照。
- For further details of the method of producing Wafuku, see 'Wafuku.'
- 照り焼き等を用いた和洋折衷の調理方法もある。
- It is also cooked with a hybrid cooking method that combines both Japanese and Western styles using teriyaki and the like.
- 調味の詳細は、卵かけご飯食べ方を参照のこと。
- For detail of the seasoning, refer to how to eat tamago kake gohan below.
- - 折り紙の歴史の項目「儀礼折り紙」を参照。
- Refer to the 'Girei origami' (ceremoniarl paper folding) section in the history of origami.
- 勝劣派の教義全般については「勝劣派」を参照。
- Please refer to 'Shoretsu School' in relation to the general doctrine of Shoretsu School.
- 料理の田楽については、味噌田楽を参照のこと。
- For information about Dengaku in cooking, refer to Miso Dengaku.
- (禅定と智慧との関係については、止観を参照)
- (Regarding the relationship between Zenjo and wisdom, refer to Shikan (Tendai meditation)).
- 詳細は「「臨済宗 日本における臨済宗」を参照
- See detail in 'The Rinzai sect in Japan' of 'Rinzai Sect.'
- 年中行事については、年中行事の各行事を参照。
- Please refer to the article 'Annual events' for shoko in case of annual events.
- ※(鉄道と政治京都駅(東海道新幹線)を参照)
- * Refer to Kyoto Station (the Tokaido Shinkansen) in Railways and Politics
- - 環境省によるプロジェクト(Web参照)。
- Projects by Ministry of the Environment (refer to the web site concerned).
- (詳細は別項「京都市下京区の町名」を参照)。
- (For more information, see the section on 'Town names in Shimogyo Ward, Kyoto City').
- 朝鮮半島における海苔については韓国海苔を参照。
- See 'Kankoku nori (Korean nori)' for information regarding nori in the Korean Peninsula.
- その他の売物について詳しくは蓮の葉商いを参照。
- Please refer to the Trade of Lotus Leaves for details of other items sold.
- - 上記歴史の「救済措置としての普請」を参照。
- See 'Fushin as relief measures' in above History.
- この泡のついての詳細は「日本酒泡の状貌」参照。
- For details about this foam, please refer to 'the form of Japanese sake foam.'
- 詳しくはカーマ (ヒンドゥー教)の項目を参照。
- For details, see the article on Kama (Hinduism).
- 上記から発展した →「寺院仏教の寺院」を参照。
- This developed from the above usage (refer to 'Buddhist Temple').
- (*以上、浄土真宗、本願寺の歴史の項をも参照)
- (*For the above, see the articles on the Jodo Shinshu sect and the history of Hongwan-ji Temple.)
- この頃の性格についてはクベーラの項を参照の事。
- As to the character in this age, see the article on Kubera.
- 諡号は道光普照国師(どうこうふしょうこくし)。
- His shigo (posthumous name) was Dokofusho Kokushi.
- 比叡山延暦寺西塔・釈迦堂-延暦寺 の項を参照。
- Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei, Seito Shaka-do Hall - see the section of 'Enryaku-ji Temple.'
- 主な弟子には関牧翁、大森曹玄、清水公照がいる。
- Among his disciples, Seki Bokuo, Omori Sogen and Kosho SHIMIZU are famous.
- 青年門主光照は、昭和の戦時下の教団を指導した。
- Youthful chief, Kosho, guided the religious community during the war in the Showa period.
- 地球温暖化に関する緩和技術に関する議論を参照。
- See the discussions on the dispute and easing technique on global warming.
- 照り焼きは冷めてもそれなりに美味しいことが多い。
- Most teriyaki dishes taste fairly good even when eaten cold.
- 息子の17世元照も大正5年(1916年)に早世。
- To make matters worse, his son Mototeru, the 17th died young in 1916.
- 各地の人形については、記事郷土人形も参照のこと。
- For information on regional dolls, refer to the article on local dolls.
- (詳しくは「中国酒と燗」の節などを参照のこと。)
- (for details, refer to article 'Warming Chinese alcoholic beverage.')
- 定照とも書き、嵯峨僧都・一乗院僧都とも称される。
- His name is also written with different Chinese characters and he is also known as Saga Sozu and Ichijoin Sozu.
- 朝廷から興禅大灯、高照正灯の国師号が与えられた。
- He was bestowed the title of kokushi (the most reverend priest), Kozen Daito and Kosho Seito, by the Imperial Court.
- 日光東照宮などの権現造も、八幡造の派生といえる。
- It can be said that the Gongen-zukuri style, exemplified by Nikko Toshogu Shrine, also derived from the Hachiman-zukuri style.
- (詳しい経緯やその後は、弓道歴史を参照のこと。)
- (In detail and for later events, see the article of Kyudo-shi)
- (本願寺の歴史の詳細は本願寺の歴史の項目を参照)
- (For the details on the history of Hongan-ji Temple, see the article about the history of the Hongan-ji Temple)
- (The details of the history of Hongan-ji Temple can be referred to on the page of the History about Hongan-ji Temple.)
- 詳細は、下記(平時の勤行次第・年中行事)を参照。
- For details, please refer to article of 'The procedure of regular gongyo' and each event of 'The annual events' below.
- この時の詳しい戦いの状況は観音寺城の戦いを参照。
- Please refer to the section of 'The Battle of Kannonji-jo Castle' for more details.
- ※明治維新以降の奈良については「奈良市」を参照。
- For Nara after the Meiji Restoration, refer to 'Nara City.'
- 4月上旬:葵祭 (太田市)(太田市 世良田東照宮)
- Early April: Aoi Festival (Serada Tosho-gu Shrine, Ota City)
- 祭りにおける稚児 → 下記 祭りにおける稚児 参照
- Chigo in a festival procession: see the following article 'Chigo in a festival procession'.
- 人物については剣豪人物一覧及びカテゴリ剣客を参照。
- As for famous persons, refer to the list of kengo (a great swordsman) and the category of kenkyaku (an expert swordsman).
- 元彌の能楽協会退会が確定した(和泉元彌の項参照)。
- Based on this judgment, it became definite that Motoya would leave the Nohgaku Performers' Association (refer to the section of Motoya IZUMI).
- - 回転寿司、醤油、豆腐、すき焼き、照り焼きなど。
- 'Conveyor belt' sushi bar, soy sauce, tofu (bean curd), sukiyaki (thin slices of beef, cooked with various vegetables in a table-top cast-iron pan), teriyaki (grilling with soy sauce and sugar), etc.
- 山形県:「天童ワイン」(天童市)→ 外部リンク参照
- Yamagata Prefecture: 'Tendo Wine' (Tendo City), refer the external link
- 使用する楽器、詳細については箏、箏曲を参照のこと。
- For the instruments and the details of zokuso, please refer to the articles on So and Sokyoku.
- チベット大蔵経については「チベット大蔵経」を参照。
- For details on the Tibetan Tripitaka, see the article of 'The Tibetan Tripitaka.'
- 数奇屋大工(大工を参照)が造る木造軸組工法の家屋。
- It is a house built by sukiya carpenters (refer to Daiku (carpenters)) using a specific method of timber-framework.
- - 日本建築学会賞、日本建築年鑑賞、照明普及賞受賞
- - The following awards were given to this building: Prizes of AIJ (Architectural Institute of Japan), Award of the Annual of Architecture in Japan, and Illumination Promotion Award
- 近年では後者が有力視されている(外部リンク参照)。
- Recently, the latter site has become more promising (refer to the external link).
- 寂照寺塔(滋賀県日野町 (滋賀県)) 重要文化財。
- Jakusho-ji Temple Pagoda (Hino Town, Shiga Prefecture), Important Cultural Property
- (図c ロンドン塔・図d オックスフォード城参照)
- (Refer to Figure c. Tower of London and Figure d. Oxford Castle.)
- 火袋を支える部分で最下部の基礎と対照的な形をとる。
- Chudai refers to a part supporting hibukuro and taking a form contrasting to the bottom part of toro, that is, the base.
- 灯籠(とうろう)は、日本の伝統的な照明器具の一つ。
- Toro (a garden lantern) is a kind of traditional Japanese lighting fixture.
- 周防国(山口県)和田で専照寺の四男として生まれる。
- He was born the 4th son of Sensho-ji Temple, Wada, Suo Province (Yamaguchi Prefecture.)
- 京や畿内・飛騨国(別項参照)へは賦課されなかった。
- Yo was not levied on the capital, Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) and the Hida Province (Refer to the other section).
- 詳しくは本稿の「公家と庶民の遊興」または的屋を参照。
- For details, see section of 'A pleasure of kuge (court nobles) and common people' or matoya in this article.
- そのため、照明は日光と白洲からの反射光によっていた。
- Thus, the illumination came from sunlight and reflection light from Shirasu (gravel separating a Noh stage from the audience).
- 醤油と砂糖以外には照り焼きのタレとの共通点は少ない。
- Other than soy sauce and sugar, there are few ingredients common between the American teriyaki sauce and the Japanese one.
- ※節分、雛祭り、灌仏会、お会式、手古舞は各項目を参照
- *See each article as to Setsubun (the day before the beginning of spring), Hinamatsuri (Doll Festival), Kanbutsue (the Buddha's birthday festival), Oeshiki (a Buddhist memorial service), and Tekomai.
- 凍結乾燥してつくった凍り豆腐については高野豆腐参照。
- For kori-dofu (frozen bean curd) made by freeze-drying, refer to the article on koyadofu (freeze-dried bean curd).
- 燔師とは対照的に、肌理細かな斑点が見られる器をいう。
- In contrast to Hanshi, it means pottery that have a texture of fine spots on the surface.
- 志ん生の闊達な芸風の対照に、文楽の謹厳な芸風がある。
- In contrast with Shinsho's frank performance style, Bunraku had a solemn performance style.
- 池の面に照る月なみを数うれば今宵ぞ秋のもなかなりける
- As I see the moon reflected on the pond, I realize it is the middle of autumn tonight.
- (戒名と道号については「戒名」の項目を参照のこと。)
- (Refer to the section on 'Kaimyo' for Kaimyo and Dougou.)
- 唐長については、ホームページがあるので参照されたい。
- As to Karacho, please refer to the Website.
- 絵画は黄檗の頂相に巧みで独照性円や月潭の肖像がある。
- As a painter he was adept at chinso (portraiture), and he left portraits of Dokusho Shoen and Gettan.
- 共通の勤行次第の詳細は、共通の勤行次第を参照のこと。
- Please refer to the article 'The gongyo procedure in common' for common details.
- 酒造適正米に関しては「酒の原料に使われる一般米」参照。
- With information on shuzo tekiseimai, refer to 'General-purpose rice used as a material for sake.'
- 照明などの角度を変更するための介錯棒という道具もある。
- Even a tool named Kaishaku-bo (a lever used to change the angle of light on stage or the like) is used.
- イベントとしての「七夕まつり」については次の項を参照。
- Concerning 'Tanabata Matsuri' as an event, refer to the next item.
- 落ちの種類についての詳細は、「落ち」の項を参照のこと。
- See 'Ochi' for detail of kinds of ochi.
- 日本各地の織物の伝統工芸品については、伝統工芸を参照。
- For traditional crafts of textile in various regions in Japan, refer to traditional industrial arts.
- その光明が遍く照らすところから遍照、または大日という。
- Because its light shines over all the world, it is called Hensho or Dainichi.
- 明応9年(1500年) 実如の長男照如、22歳で入寂。
- In 1500, 照如 entered nirvana at the age of 22.
- この点に関しては、「立川流 (密教)」の項を参照せよ。
- Refer to the article entitled 'Tachikawa School (Esoteric Buddhism)' for more details.
- 年中行事・恒例行事(総本山の行事は大石寺の項目を参照)
- Annual event, customary event (please refer to the chapter of Taiseki-ji Temple for the details of events for Grand Head Temple)
- なお、中世以降の港湾施設については渡辺津を参照のこと。
- For port facilities in the medieval period and later, refer to Watanabe no tsu.
- (詳しくは、報恩講宗派別の御正忌報恩講の日程を参照。)
- (See the schedule of Goshoki Ho-onko by sect for details.)
- 特に知恩院の尊照と増上寺の存応は、家康の崇敬を受けた。
- Sonsho in Chion-in and Son'o in Zojo-ji Temple were especially respected by Ieyasu.
- 90m×4コース、50m×2コース(ナイター照明あり)
- 4 lanes each 90 m long, 2 lanes each 50 m long (with night time lighting)
- これを「境内都市」(自治都市、宗教都市も参照)という。
- These were called 'Keidai toshi' (also refer to the articles on Autonomous city or Holy city).
- 日本舞踊の吉野山については「吉野山と芸術」の節を参照。
- For Mt. Yoshino in classical Japanese dances, refer to the section titled 'Mt. Yoshino and Art.'
- また現国道162号のトンネル峠は笠トンネルの項を参照。
- Also refer the article of Kasa Tunnel regarding pass with a tunnel on current National Route 162.
- ※五十音順の町名一覧は外部リンクの郵便番号一覧を参照。
- For the town names listed in the order of fifty Japanese syllables, refer to the external link with the postal code list.
- やくざ、暴力団との関係については、ヤクザ及び暴力団を参照
- For connections with the yakuza and gangsters, please refer to the article of yakuza and gangsters.
- (土井中照『愛媛たべものの秘密』(アトラス出版)による)
- (This is cited from 'Secrets of Ehime Foods,' Akira DOINAKA (Atlas Publishing Inc.))
- 郷土料理や魚肉練り製品で味付けや照り出しに使われている。
- It is used for seasoning or glazing local dishes or products made from mashed fish.
- (詳しくは「高齢者福祉」、「社会福祉」その他の項を参照)
- (For details, refer to the section of 'welfare for the elderly,' 'social welfare' and others)
- 弁才天(市杵島姫命)を祀る神社については宗像三神を参照。
- Please refer to Munataka Sanjojin for shrines enshrining Benzaiten (Ichikishimahime no Mikoto).
- 各城にあった、天守の詳細については各城の項を参照のこと。
- For details of the Tenshu of a specific castle, see the section under the castle.
- (図h ユッセ城、図i ノイシュヴァンシュタイン城参照)
- (Refer to Figure h. Chateau d'Usse and Figure i. Schloss Neuschwanstein.)
- 真言宗における事相の意義に関しては、真言宗を参照のこと。
- Refer to 'Shingon Buddhism' for definition of jiso in Shingon sect.
- 法相宗 開祖は「道昭」道照とも、本山は興福寺・薬師寺ほか
- Hosso sect: founded by 'Dosho' (his name could be written 道昭 or 道照), head temples include Kofuku-ji Temple and Yakushi-ji Temple.
- すると無数の狐が現れ、狐火をともして道を照らしたという。
- Then, it is said that a lot of foxes appeared and set a fox fire to illuminate the road.
- 「源信 (僧侶)章」…「源信広開一代教~大悲無倦常照我」
- Genshin (priest) Sho' - 'Genshinkokaiichidaikyo - Daihimukenjoshoga'
- この御文は宗派により呼び方が異なる(詳細は御文を参照)。
- The name of this ofumi depends on the schools (refer to Ofumi for details.)
- 越前一向一揆におけるものが有名である(下間頼照を参照)。
- A well-known ikki within ikki occurred in the Echizen ikko ikki (religious riot) (see Raisho SHIMOTSUMA).
- 五十音順の町名一覧は、外部リンクの郵便番号一覧表を参照。
- For the town names listed in the order of fifty Japanese syllables, refer to the external link with the postal code list.
- 心白(「構造」参照)が大きく、タンパク質の含有量が少ない。
- It has a large shinpaku (white part in the center of rice) (refer to 'Structure'), and the protein content is small.
- 天之返矢(返し矢)については「矢」の項目『古事記』を参照。
- As to amenokaeshiya, see the section of the 'Kojiki' in the article of 'Arrow.'
- この時代の日本の皇族・貴族の服飾については平安装束を参照。
- For clothing and accessories for the Japanese Imperial family and the nobles during this period, see 'Heian Shozoku.'
- 日本の言語について、詳しくは日本語の方言や日本言語を参照。
- For details of language in Japan, refer to a dialect of Japanese language or Japanese language.
- 平成の大合併まで存在した福島県の地名 →「山門郡」を参照。
- The name of a place that existed in Fukushima Prefecture prior to the great merger of municipalities in the Heisei era (refer to 'Yamato County').
- 釈雲照らの嘆願により、1883年(明治16年)に復活した。
- It was revived through a petition by Unsho SHAKU and others in 1883.
- また対照実験を行っていない為、他の刀剣との比較はできない。
- There are no controlled experiments, so it is impossible to compare them with other swords.
- 栃木県日光市の日光東照宮では、5月と10月に行われている。
- Nikkotosho-gu Shrine in Nikko City, Tochigi Prefecture performs yabusame in May and October.
- 加之、天照大神両国の黄金を出し、之を採りて尊像に塗り奉る。
- Its great statue of Buddha was painted with gold collected from all over Japan.
- 比叡山宗教サミットを開催、また一隅を照らす運動を推進した。
- He held the Religious Summit Meeting on Mt. Hiei, and promoted the Brighten the World at Your Corner Activities.
- 宏智派の禅風は始祖、宏智正覚が『黙照銘』で示した説による。
- The style of Kochi Zen school was based on the theory explained in 'Mokushomei'(literally, the 'Seal of Silent Illumination') written by KOCHI Shokaku, the founder of the Kochi school.
- 滋賀県下で唯一、城郭建築が保存された(歴史・沿革を参照)。
- It is only castle in Shiga Prefecture that the castle architecture has been preserved (refer to History).
- 当時は独自の王国があったとの説もある(→丹後王国を参照)。
- There is a theory that this area had an independent kingdom in those days (refer to 'Tango Kingdom').
- 地域およびその歴史については、八幡 (近江八幡市)を参照。
- For information on the region and its history, refer to section of Hachiman (Omihachiman City).
- 山号は天照山、開基は北条経時、開山は然阿良忠(記主禅師)。
- The sango is Tenshozan, the Kaiki is Tsunetoki HOJO, and the kaisan is Nenna Ryochu (Kishu Zenji).
- 詳しい分類は捕具の室町時代以前の捕具:木矢・木鏃の項を参照。
- For a more intimate classification, see the description on Kiya and mokuzoku in the section of hogu before the Muromachi period in the article of hogu.
- 艦橋の部分には位牌と遺影、供花が飾られ、盆提灯で照らされる。
- Photos of the deceased, Buddhist mortuary tablets, and flowers are placed at the middle of the boat illuminated by bon lanterns.
- 濃霧や日照不足などの理由で乾燥機の使用頻度が多い地域もある。
- However, some regions are forced to use such a drying machine frequently due to a dense fog, the lack of sunshine and so on.
- その他の魚卵を使った際の別名は名称は「筋子」の項を参照の事。
- For the different names used for roe from other varieties of fish please refer to the item 'sujiko' (roe).
- 詳しくは「山廃仕込み」「生酛生酛・山廃・速醸酛の関係」参照。
- For more information, refer to 'Yamahaishikomi' and 'the Relationship between Kimoto, Yamahai, and Sokujomoto.'
- これは料理関係の用語に総じていえることである(鶏卵を参照)。
- It can be generally applied to terms of cooking (refer to 'Hen's egg').
- 装束の詳しい種類や詳細は和服及びCategory和服を参照。
- For detailed kinds of costumes and their details, refer to traditional Japanese clothes and the Category on traditional Japanese clothes.
- このため、月照も死を覚悟し、隆盛と共に錦江湾に入水自殺した。
- These events led Gessho to make the decision to take his own life, and he and Takamori attempted to drown themselves in Kinko-wan Bay.
- 上京の町組の変遷については別項「京都市上京区の町名」を参照。
- For the history of Chogumi in Kamigyo, see the section on 'Town names in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City.'
- 五十音順の町名一覧は、外部リンクの郵便番号一覧を参照のこと。
- For the town names listed in order of fifty Japanese syllables, refer to the external link with the postal code list.
- 大規模寺院における稚児 → 下記 大規模寺院における稚児 参照
- Chigo in large-scale temples: see the following article 'Chigo in large-scale temples'.
- 貯蔵期間については規定されていない(参照:「生酒」の問題点)。
- The period of storage is not provided for. (Refer to 'Problems of 'Raw Sake.')
- 他に素麺と同様の食べ方が可能であり、詳しくは素麺食べ方を参照。
- It is possible to eat the noodles in the same way as the somen noodles, and 'The way Somen noodles are eaten' should be referred to for details.
- それ以後の吟醸酒の展開については「吟醸酒の普及」を参照のこと。
- As to the development of ginjoshu after that, see the section of 'the spread of ginjoshu.'
- 京都妙法院・愛知県岡崎市昌光律寺・寂照寺に作品が残されている。
- His products are kept at Myoho-ji Temple in Kyoto, Shokoritsu-ji Temple in Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture and Josho-ji Temple.
- 月照はこれで亡くなったが、隆盛は奇跡的に一命を取り留めている。
- Gessho died but Takamori miraculously survived.
- ※かつて当地付近にあった城の歴史については、伏見城の項を参照。
- For the history of the castle that existed on this site, refer to Fushimi-jo Castle.
- 様々な陰謀説が議論されており実情は不明である(豊臣秀次参照)。
- The truth of the fact, however, is not known as there were various conspiracy theories (refer to the section on Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI).
- 黄砂対策プラン(Web参照)を作成するなどの成果を上げている。
- This project has achieved some results, for example, the compilation of a plan to combat kosa (refer to the web site concerned).
- 満年齢及び「0」の項を参照すると当項目についての理解を得やすい。
- It is recommended to refer to the section regarding the Western style of calculating age and '0' for a better understanding of the traditional Japanese age system.
- より詳しく参照するときは、それぞれの項目のリンクをたどられたい。
- For more information, please refer to the link for each item.
- 照り焼きの材料としてもっとも有名なものにブリと鶏肉があげられる。
- Those most typically used include yellowtail and chicken.
- 霊力を持つ弓矢については下記項目「神々と弓矢」の天若日子を参照。
- As to the Yumiya with spiritual power, see the description of Amenowakahiko in the following section of 'Gods and Yumiya.'
- 現代の日本酒の新酒の一般的な概念については「日本酒熟成」を参照。
- For a general outline of present day shin-shu Japanese rice wine, refer to the publication: 'Sake Fermentation.'
- これは、薩摩と日向国の国境で月照を斬り捨てるというものであった。
- This was essentially the casting of him over the border between the Satsuma Province and the neighboring Hyuga Province.
- 各期の時代順序と、日本書紀などの文献史料の記述を照らし合わせた。
- The time order of the three periods was checked by looking up the description written in historical materials such as Nihonshoki.
- 遍照寺(へんじょうじ)は、京都市右京区にある真言宗御室派の寺院。
- Henjo-ji Temple, located in Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City, is a Buddhist temple of the Omuro school of the Shingon sect.
- 主として現代日本における風習についてはお盆もあわせて参照のこと。
- For similar customs in Japan today, also refer to 'obon.'
- (本宣旨に対する評価の詳細については、後述意義・評価節を参照)。
- (See the section of significance and assessment below for the details of significance and assessment for this decree.)
- 職業としての「酒屋」への移行に関しては「中世以前」を参照のこと。
- For how the 'sakaya' business started, refer to the section of 'In the medieval period or before.'
- 煮物や蕎麦つゆ、素麺つゆ、蒲焼のタレや照り焼きのつや出しにつかう。
- It is used in stews as well as sauces that accompany soba noodles, somen noodles, kabayaki and teriyaki.
- なお、守護大名としての特定の小笠原氏に関しては、別項目を参照の事。
- For information on the Ogasawara Clan of daimyo, see the relevant section.
- ひいてはのちの吟醸酒の大量生産を可能にした(参照:吟醸酒の誕生)。
- Later, this also made mass production of ginjoshu possible. (Refer to 'Birth of Ginjoshu.')
- ヒンドゥー教のガネーシャ神については、別項目「ガネーシャ」を参照。
- Regarding Ganesa in Hinduism, see the article, 'Ganesa.'
- 比叡山を本山とする天台宗の一派・山門派の略称 →「天台宗」を参照。
- An abbreviation for the Sanmon School of the Tendai Sect headquartered at Mt. Hiei (refer to 'Tendai Sect').
- 1092年(寛治6年)高野山往生院谷に隠棲し、遍照光院を中興した。
- In 1092, he entered into a secluded life at Mt. Koya Ojoin-dani valley and reconstructed Henjoko-in Temple.
- これは1633年の「本末帳」に照らすと末寺の68%にあたるという。
- The above accounts for 68% of branch temples listed in 'Honmatsu cho' (The book of the relation between head and branch temples) compiled in 1633.
- 初め山城国智積院に住していたが、その後は江戸増上寺恵照院に住した。
- Entsu first resided at Chishakuin in Yamashiro Province, and later, he resided at Zojo-ji Keisho-in Temple in Edo.
- 歴史の教科書にはこちらの年号が載っている(詳細は仏教公伝を参照)。
- History textbooks show this year (for details, refer to the Official Introduction of Buddhism).
- 登り口は、送り火の時にも使われる慈照寺の北側からのものが主ルート。
- Access to Daimonji is via the main route starting on the north side of Jisho-ji (Ginkaku-ji) Temple which is also used for the okuribi.
- 相国寺、金閣寺(鹿苑寺)、銀閣寺(慈照寺)の3か寺の住職を兼ねる。
- He serves concurrently as chief priest of Shokoku-ji Temple, Kinkaku-ji Temple (Rokuon-ji Temple), and Ginkaku-ji Temple (Jisho-ji Temple).
- テリハサンショウ(照葉山椒、Zanthoxylum nitidum)
- Terihasansho (Zanthoxylum nitidum)
- その他の人工的な地盤の盛り上がり(Mound)は、土塁・盛土を参照。
- For the other artificial mounds, see Earthworks and Banks.
- それらの地域では日本統治時代の残照として新古典主義建築様式が目立つ。
- In Korea and Taiwan, buildings in the neoclassical architectural style remaining from the period of Japan's rule are prominent.
- タワーの独特な姿は、海のない京都の街を照らす灯台をイメージしたもの。
- Its distinctive style simulates that of a lighthouse illuminating Kyoto City in place of the sea.
- しかし廃業に伴いこれら客車も解体されてしまった(SLホテルも参照)。
- However, this train was also disassembled when the facilities went out of business (also refer to the article, 'Steam locomotive hotels').
- 床を高く張ることについては、土間を基本とする寺院建築と対照的である。
- A highly raised floor presents a sharp contrast to doma, or earthen floor, a basic element of Buddhist architecture.
- 黙照禅(もくしょうぜん)は、禅宗における坐禅の流儀の一つを示す言葉。
- The term 'Mokusho-zen' indicates a method of zazen (sitting meditation) in Zen Buddhism.
- 古都税の施行は古都税騒動と呼ばれる政治事件を起こした(経緯を参照)。
- The enforcement of the Old Capital Tax provoked an incident known as the Old Capital Tax Dispute (See the details below).
- また、暦注の記載に関しては『大唐陰陽書』などを参照したとされている。
- It is believed that they referred to 'Daito Onmyosho' (the book of yin and yang in the Tang era) and other books in order to write rekichu.
- だが、廃業に伴いこれら客車も解体されてしまった(SLホテルも参照)。
- But these sleeping cars were dismantled due to the closing down (also refer to the section on Steam Locomotive Hotel).
- タレの糖分により食材の表面がツヤを帯び、「照り」が出るのが名前の由来。
- The sugar contained in the sauce gives gloss ('teri' in Japanese) to the surface of the foodstuff, from which the name of the cooking method is derived.
- 博多はこれらの発祥だという説がある(詳細は博多日宋貿易の項目を参照)。
- A theory suggests that Hakata was the birthplace of these foods in Japan (Refer for details to the section of the trade between Japan and the Sung Dynasty in Hakata).
- 正確な大師号は、円光・東漸・慧成・弘覚・慈教・明照・和順大師(7つ)。
- Precise Daishigo were Enko, Tozen, Ejo, Kokaku, Jikyo, Meisho, and Wajun Daishi (7 Daishigo).
- なお、明治以降の日本国における入会については入会権の項を参照されたい。
- For the situation of commons after the Meiji Period, please see the section 'Common Right'
- 権現造の発祥は大津市坂本の日吉東照宮(1634年建立の社殿)とされる。
- It is said that the gongen-zukuri style started with Hiyoshi Tosho-gu Shrine (built in 1634) in Sakamoto, Otsu City.
- それ以前の建物の建造年や構造についてはそれぞれの城の記事を参照のこと。
- For information on the year of construction and architecture of older buildings, articles and reading matters on the respective castle should be referenced.
- が、1949年の火災で焼損した(壁画の画像は外部リンクを参照のこと)。
- However, the murals in the Kondo of Horyu-ji Temple were burnt by fire in 1949 (please refer to the images of the murals in external links).
- 常に白塗りで鬘(かつら)、着物で座敷にあがる(有馬温泉観光協会参照)。
- Geisha here always wear the 'shironuri' makeup (white powder mixed with water into paste) and a wig to their zashiki (the party or banquet) (Arima Hot Springs Tourism Association).
- 越前五郷には浄土真宗派の寺院があり、名塩の源照寺なども真宗派であった。
- There were some temples of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the Echizen go-go, and the Gensho-ji Temple in Najio was also a temple of the Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 原文…設我得佛 光明有能限量 下至不照百千億那由他 諸佛國者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, my light should be too limited to illuminate a hundred thousand nayuta of kotis of Buddha-lands, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- そのため、特に「国郡部」を見る際に「元和古活字本」とともに参照される。
- Therefore, this book is used together with 'Genna kokatsuji-bon,' especially when referring to the 'province/county category.'
- ここに異人達を撲殺し代償として成り立つ村の暗い一面が照らし出されている。
- Here, what is brought to light is the dark side of the village in which killing outsiders constitutes a compensation.
- (蒸留酒で燗が行われるケースについては、「焼酎と燗」の節を参照のこと。)
- (refer to article 'Shochu and warming up sake' for the case of warming distilled spirits.)
- 智慧の光を持って一切を照らし衆生が地獄・餓鬼界へ落ちないように救う菩薩。
- This Bosatsu saves people from falling into hell and the world of hungry spirits by holding the light of wisdom to lighten all things.
- (鎌倉市『鎌倉市史・近世通史編』吉川弘文館、1990年、p353参照。)
- (refer to page 353 of Kamakura City, 'The History of Kamakura-City, The overview of modern history' Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 1990)
- 観自在とは、智慧をもって観照することにより自在の妙果を得たるを意味する。
- Kanjizai means that contemplation with prajna leads to the religious fruit (妙果) of the universalist.
- 皇族を始め多数の参列者が見守るが、儀式は夜間行われ、照明もほとんどない。
- It is conducted at night with very little illumination, and is attended by members of the Imperial family and many other attendants.
- 国宝・重要文化財全件の一覧は別項「奈良国立博物館所蔵文化財一覧」を参照。
- Concerning a list of all national treasures and important cultural properties, refer to another item, 'List of cultural properties possessed by Nara National Museum.'
- (但し12日は大混雑するので規制・照明・放送などがあり雰囲気が壊れます。
- However, on March 12, it is very crowded and there are regulations, lightings, broadcasts and so on and thus the atmosphere is not good.
- この寺は、かつて慈照寺(銀閣寺)の場所に浄土寺という天台宗寺院があった。
- Once there was a temple of the Tendai sect, called Jodo-ji Temple, but that site is now occupied by Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple).
- 鹿苑寺・慈照寺とともに相国寺の3つの山外塔頭を構成する寺院の1つである。
- Shinnyo-ji Temple is one of the three sub-temples outside the Shokoku-ji Temple site, along with the Rokuon-ji and Jisho-ji temples.
- 『御文』拝読作法の詳細については、『御文』拝読の作法のセクションを参照。
- Please refer to the section of reading 'Ofumi' for detail.
- (明治以降の行政区画の変遷については別項「京都市上京区の町名」を参照)。
- (For the history of the administrative districts in Kyoto after the Meiji period, see the section on 'Town names in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City.')
- 糖分が料理に甘みを加え、照焼きの艶を出し、加熱によりよい匂いを生じさせる。
- The sugar content sweetens the dish, gives teriyaki its shine and creates a fragrant aroma when heated.
- - 武器や遊興の道具(下記投壺を参照)として、投げる事を前提に作られた矢。
- An arrow made assuming that it would be thrown as a weapon and a tool of pleasure (see the following description on Toku (Game of Pitch-Pot)).
- 歴史的な背景については「寒造り」および「日本酒江戸時代前期」を参照のこと。
- Please refer to 'kanzukuri' and 'nihonshu of Early Edo Period' for historical background.
- 日用経典(日課等通常行事用の経典)の1つとしている(般若心経秘鍵を参照)。
- It uses it as one of the Buddhist sutra for daily use (see the article of Hannyashin-gyo Hiken).
- この見蓮をはじめ、観蓮、寂乗、観照らの弟子に醍醐三宝院流の奥義を伝授した。
- In addition to Kenren, he took other disciples including Kanren, Jakujo and Kansho who he instructed in the secrets of the Daigo Sanbo-in School.
- 洋風の赤坂迎賓館とは対照的な和風建築として、京都御苑の敷地内に建設された。
- It was built on the premises of Kyoto Gyoen as a Japanese-style building in contrast to the Western style of the State Guest House in Akasaka, Tokyo.
- 日光東照宮 (栃木県日光市) - 江戸時代(1818年)、心柱懸垂式の構造
- Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine (Nikko City, Tochigi Prefecture): The Edo period (1818); structure of the central pillar suspending system
- 歌川広重の『近江八景』のうち『瀬田夕照』はこの橋の風景を描いたものである。
- Hiroshige UTAGAWA produced 'Ohmi Hakkei' (the eight sceneries of Ohmi) woodcut prints, while 'Seta no Sekisho' (the sunset scenery of Seta) is one of those eight sceneries depicting this bridge as a major subject of the scenery near Seta.
- 各不動尊については五色不動史実、五色不動複数の目黄および各寺の項目も参照。
- For the individual Fudo-son, please refer to the sections under historical facts on Goshiki Fudo, Goshiki Fudo Meki and the respective temples.
- 八女茶(福岡県) -玉露で知られ、品評会の上位を独占する(関連リンク参照)
- Yame-cha (Fukuoka Prefecture) - it is famous for Gyokuro and dominates high ranking in bench shows (See related link).
- 常照寺(じょうしょうじ)は、京都市北区 (京都市)鷹峰にある日蓮宗の寺院。
- Josho-ji Temple is a Buddhist temple belonging to the Nichiren Sect located in Takagamine, Kita Ward, Kyoto City.
- 四奉請(しぶじょう)とは法照禅師五会法事讃から採った偈文(げもん)である。
- Shibujo is a gemon taken from Hoshozenshi Goehojisan.
- また、スポンサーである寺社の没落と対照的に土倉・酒屋は栄え、独立していく。
- While the temples and shrines that once acted as sponsors declined, doso-sakaya prospered and became independent.
- 「駅弁」という言葉の意味するところについては駅弁の定義についてを参照のこと。
- Refer to the section of 'Definition of Ekiben' for the meaning of the word 'Ekiben.'
- 中国の筆跡は中国の筆跡一覧を、日本の筆跡は日本の書道史の各時代を参照のこと。
- Refer the list of Chinese brushstrokes for those in China and each period of Japanese Shodo history for brushstrokes in Japan.
- (加水が行われるケースについては、「燗の現状 (焼酎)」の節を参照のこと。)
- (refer to article 'Present situation of warming up sake (shochu)' for the case in which water is added.)
- ワインにおけるヌーヴォー(nouveau)などの新酒についてはワインを参照。
- Refer to publications about wine for 'nouveau' style wines.
- 日蓮正宗における血脈相承については、血脈相承 (日蓮正宗)を参照とされたい。
- Please refer to the article of Kechimyaku-sojo (Nichiren Sho Sect) for Kechimyaku-sojo in the Nichiren Sho Sect.
- 臨済宗とことなり公案を用いず、ただ専ら坐禅する黙照禅であることを特徴とする。
- Unlike the Rinzai sect, it does not make use of koans (paradoxical anecdotes or riddles used in Zen Buddhism to achieve enlightenment through meditation), practising instead Mokusho Zen (literally, 'the zen of silent enlightenment'), which focuses exclusively on mediation.
- 東照宮御影として知られる家康の礼拝用肖像画にも白鷹が書き込まれる場合が多い。
- On the Ieyasu's portraits for prayer, which are known as Toshogu-Mikage (image of Toshogu, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA), a white hawk is often drawn.
- (物忌みに関しては下の「浄土真宗と他宗派との差異」の「物忌み」の項目を参照)
- (regarding monoimi, refer to the article of 'monoimi' included in the section of 'Difference between Jodo Shinshu Sect and other sects' described below)
- 1223年(貞応2年)道元・高照・廓然らを伴って中国の宋 (王朝)に渡った。
- He went to China in the Sung Dynasty in 1223 along with Dogen, Kosho, Kakunen and others.
- 晩年は、親鸞の命で関西での布教を行い、大阪府茨木市の仏照寺はその旧跡である。
- In his last years, he engaged in missionary work in the Kansai region on orders from Shinran, and its historic site is Bussho-ji Temple in Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture.
- また、ただ坐るとする宏智の坐禅を空虚なものとして「黙照邪禅」と呼び非難した。
- He accused Kochi's zazen of just sitting of being a vanity and called it 'Mokusho Jazen' (literally, 'Mokusho, the wicked Zen belief.')
- (日本国外における寿司職人養成の一端に付いては、前述の項目「職人」を参照。)
- (For the part about training of sushi chef outside Japan, refer to 'Sushi chef' stated above.)
- こうした事情は田堵、負名、受領、百姓、武士といった関連諸項目をも参照のこと。
- For more details, see sections of Tato and Fumyo, Zuryo, farmers and warriors.
- 戦いは膠着し、特に極楽寺坂では大舘宗氏が戦死するほど苦戦する(大舘氏参照)。
- These battles came to a deadlock, and especially on Gokurakuji-zaka Slope, Yoshisada's forces had a hard fight, symbolized by the death of Muneuji ODATE (cf. the article of 'The Odate clan').
- (公家女性と武家女性の着物の差異については「小袖小袖の身分差」の項目を参照。)
- (As for the difference between Kimono for a court noble lady and Kimono for a lady from Samurai society, refer to the section of `Social position shown in sleeve length.'
- 砂糖を加えた葛餡を用いない、塩辛い「醤油だんご」については、醤油だんごを参照。
- As for salty dumplings which are without sugar-added kuzuan (a thick sauce whose main ingredient is arrowroot starch), see Article 'Shoyu dango'
- 西洋楽器の影響を受けて「近代化」したものが少なくない中国楽器とは対照的である。
- Contrastingly, many Chinese traditional musical instruments have been 'modernized' due to the influence of Western musical instruments.
- 約5℃から約60℃まで幅広い飲用温度帯がある(参照:温度の表現(飲用温度))。
- It has a wide temperature range good for drinking, from five degrees centigrade approx. to sixty degrees centigrade approx. (Refer to 'Expressions of temperature - drinking temperature.')
- 日本人の意識では他人に頼まないと八宝菜をご飯にのせられない(中華丼の項参照)。
- Japanese don't dare to put chop suey on cooked rice by themselves but will ask someone to do so (refer to chuka-don (bowl of rice with a chop-suey-like mixture on it)).
- 都道府県別の文化に関しては、Category日本の文化 (都道府県別)を参照。
- For a culture by prefecture, refer to the Category of Japanese culture (by prefecture).
- 江戸時代の日本酒の四季醸造における新酒の位置づけについては「四季醸造」を参照。
- For the standing of shin-shu amongst Japanese rice wine brewed across the four seasons in Edo period Japan, refer to the publication 'Four-Season Brewing.'
- 陀羅尼の意味については渡辺照宏説、中村元 (哲学者)説など多いが、定訳はない。
- Various theories on the meaning of litany have been proposed by such people as Shoko WATANABE and the philosopher Hajime NAKAMURA, but there is no authorized translation.
- 墨蹟窓からの光に照らされた床には、四季に合わせた掛け軸、花があしらわれている。
- A kakejiku (hanging scroll) and flowers representing the season are arranged on the tokonoma which is illuminated by light from a bokuseki-mado (a window on the side wall of the alcove used to provide light).
- 主に水面を照らすために用いられるので笠の部分が大きく水際に設置することが多い。
- This is used mainly for lighting the surface of the water; therefore, it has large kasa and is often placed at the waterside.
- 1288年、山城国(京都府)三聖寺で東山湛照が『虎丘隆和尚語録』等を刊行する。
- 1288: Tozan Tansho, of Sansho-ji Temple in Yamashiro Province (Kyoto Prefecture), published 'Kukyuryuosho Goroku' (Analects of Kukyu Joryu), etc.
- そうした花粉生産量の多いスギ林の面積は増え続けている(社会的側面の項を参照)。
- The area of such Japanese cedar forests consisting of trees producing large amounts of pollen continues to increase (refer to 'Social Aspects').
- なお、山間部の集落では過疎化が著しく、麓の市街地とは対照的な表情を見せている。
- Settlements in the mountain area have serious depopulation problems, which makes a contrast with the situation of downtowns at the foot of mountains.
- 照り焼きは米国でも人気があり、”teriyaki”が辞書に載るほど定着している。
- Teriyaki is so popular also in the United States that the word 'teriyaki' is well established and can be found in dictionaries there.
- 温泉マークの文字参照による表記方法は、♨(♨)である。
- The notational system of character reference to Onsen mark is ♨ (♨).
- 遊女おいらん道中、丸髷丸髷が見られる祭り等、稚児髷稚児髷が見られる祭り等も参照。
- Please refer to the Yujo Oiran Dochu (public procession of licensed courtesans), Marumage (rounded hairstyle for married women) and Chigomage (hairstyle for children)
- また、ラウレスの“Kirishitan Bunko”の版本一覧もよく参照される。
- A list of printed books of 'Kirishitan Bunko' by Laures is often referred to.
- 劇場の場合とは対照的に、相撲興行の場から枡席は一度もその姿を消すことがなかった。
- Unlike masuseki in theaters, the masuseki for watching sumo have been a constant feature of the sport.
- 葛飾北斎の傑作、『富嶽三十六景』のうちの1図「礫川 雪ノ旦」(右図参照)がある。
- Another example is 'Koishikawa Yuki no Ashita' (The Snowing Morning in Koishikawa) which is one of the paintings in the 'Thirty-six Sceneries of Mt. Fuji,' a master piece painted by Hokusai KATSUSHIKA (refer to the picture on the right).
- 615年には聖徳太子は法華経の注釈書『法華義疏』を著した (「三経義疏」参照)。
- In 615 Prince Shotoku described 'Hokke Gisho,' a commentary of the Hokke-kyo sutra (see 'Sangyogisho').
- また日光東照宮などに見るように、元禄期の社寺建築技術の隆盛が各地に影響を与えた。
- These butsudan around the country were greatly influenced by such blooming technologies of construction of temples and shrines in the Genroku era as were seen in Nikko Tosho-gu Shrines.
- 総監 八木日照(東京・法道院主管、法華講本部指導教師、前・大石寺主任理事)権僧正
- Sokan: Shinei YAGI (shukan of Hodoin Temple in Tokyo, chief kyoshi of the headquarters of Hokke Ko, the former chief riji of Taiseki-ji Temple), gonsojo
- また、現存する天守に関しては大まかに解説するが、詳細は「現存天守」を参照のこと。
- Presently existing Tenshu will be roughly described here; for further details, see 'Genzon Tenshu' (existing castle tower).
- 近代における私諡号は「円照大師」、1940年に国家より「証誠大師」号を贈られた。
- His private shigo (a posthumous name) in modern times is 'Ensho Daishi,' and in 1940, a name 'Shojo Daishi' was given from the nation.
- 「御宝号」とは「南無大師遍照金剛」(なむだいしへんじょうこんごう)のことである。
- The 'Gohogo' means 'Namu Daishi Henjo Kongo (a sutra which is chanted to worship Kobo Daishi).'
- 近世に『一宮記』が参照された際は、『大日本国一宮記』が用いられることが多かった。
- In the early-modern period, 'Dainihonkoku Ichinomiya-Ki' was usually quoted as the most popular catalog among many 'Ichinomiya-Ki'.
- 照り焼きに用いられる食材には、ある程度身が締まりつつも脂肪のあるものが用いられる。
- For teriyaki, meat that is firm and to some extent has some fat is used.
- 『弓には照準のための装置や目印をしたり、類似のことをしてはならない。』としている。
- 'No label, device used to assist the aim, or similar sort is allowed on the bow.'
- 僧天海などの働きもあり、朝廷より、「東照大権現」の名が下され、東照宮に祭祀された。
- Thanks to the work of Buddhist monk Tenkai, Ieyasu was given the posthumous name of 'Tosho Daigongen' by the imperial court and was enshrined at the Toshogu Shrine.
- そして薩摩藩に逃れたが、藩では厄介者である月照の保護を拒否し、日向国送りを命じる。
- He escaped to the Satsuma Domain but the domain, which considered him to be a burden, declined to provide protection and ordered that he be sent to Hyuga Province.
- 火が主要な照明であった近世以前、囲炉裏は安全に部屋を照らすことのできる手段だった。
- Before the early modern period when fire was used as a major means of lighting, the Irori fireplace was a safe means that could light up a room.
- 十五夜のグレゴリオ暦(新暦)での該当日はこちらの8月15日 (旧暦)対照表を参照。
- See this reference table of August 15th (old calendar) for the corresponding date of the fifteenth night in the Gregorian calendar (new calendar).
- 山科区にて生まれ、12歳の時に兄・照如の死を受けて得度して本願寺法嗣に定められる。
- He was born in Yamashina Ward, entered the Buddhist priesthood at 12 years of age, and assumed as the position of hoshi (successor of principle) of Hongan-ji Temple, after the death of his older brother Shonyo (照如).
- たとえば九州のスギは花粉が少ないことなどが知られている(上記の県別有症率を参照)。
- For example, it is known that the Japanese cedar trees on Kyushu produce little pollen (refer to the above prevalence rates by prefecture).
- 佐々木惣一、大石義雄、阿部照哉、佐藤幸治 (憲法学者)らを中心とした憲法学の学派。
- The school for Study of the Constitution centered on Soichi SASAKI, Yoshio OISHI, Teruya ABE, Koji SATO (constitutional scholars), and others.
- 景観の悪化や、貴重な照葉樹林の損失など、むしろ弊害が大きく批判の対象となっている。
- Adverse effects including devastation of scenery and loss of precious laurel forest are prominent and it is subject to criticism.
- 特段に日本料理に傾倒しているレストランでなくても肉類の照り焼き料理を供する所がある。
- Even some restaurants not particularly specializing in Japanese cuisine serve teriyaki meat dishes.
- また、その後に創作された踊り主体の演目も含める場合もある(歌舞伎舞踊の項目も参照)。
- In some cases, Kabuki Odori also includes the program focusing on dancing created after Wakashu Kabuki; please refer to the article of 'Kabuki Buyo' (Kabuki Dance).
- 改暦にともなう混乱の詳細は、「グレゴリオ暦日本におけるグレゴリオ暦導入」の節を参照。
- For the details of the confusion due to the change of the calendar, refer to the section 'introducing the Gregorian calendar to Japan.'
- For details of confusion caused by the reform, see the section on 'Gregorian Calendar: the Implementation of the Gregorian Calendar in Japan'.
- 投光器 夜間になんらかの照明器具によって矢道や的場を照らし、的や矢をわかり易くする。
- A floodlight or some kind of illuminator: It is used at night to light up the yamichi and the matoba to make a mato and an arrow easier to recognize.
- 通常、刀匠は焼き入れの時には作業場の照明を暗くして、鋼の温度をその光加減で判断する。
- Generally during Yaki-ire, Tosho dims the light of the workshop, and judges the temperature of steel by its glow.
- しかし、その土地は最も広い日光東照宮でも1万石、最も狭いものではわずか1石であった。
- Among such lands, however, even the largest one, that of Nikko Toshogu shrine, was equivalent to tens of thousands of koku crop yield and the smallest one was equivalent to merely one koku crop yield.
- (瀧口雅仁(オフィスぼんが)『噺家根問』ISBN 978-4779112973 参照)
- (Refer to 'Hanashika Nedoi' (Interview with storytellers) ISBN 978-4779112973 by Masahito TAKIGUCHI (Office Bonga.)
- 当時、菊川市を含めた牧之原台地のお茶は、日照時間が長く茶葉が厚く堅くなりがちであった。
- Tea leaves from Makinoharadaichi, including Kikugawa city, used to grow to become thick and hard because they were exposed to longer hours of sunlight.
- (織糸で表わす織の色目は「織色」、狩衣の表裏で表わす重ねの色目は「色目」を参照のこと)
- (See 'Oriiro' for the color combination produced by different colored warp and woof, and 'Irome' for the color combination produced by different colored outer cloth and lining for kariginu.)
- 中世末までの日本酒の新酒の古酒に対する位置づけについては「日本酒安土桃山時代」を参照。
- Refer to the publication 'Azuchi Momoyama period Shin-shu' for the position of ancient shin-shu Japanese rice wine until mediaeval times.
- 観音菩薩が宝冠の前面に化仏を表すのと対照的に、勢至菩薩の場合は水瓶を付けることが多い。
- Whereas Kannon Bosatsu have an artificial Buddha on the front of the diadem, Seishi Bosatsu customarily have a water jug.
- 1003年(長保5年)寂照とともに中国(宋 (王朝))に渡ろうとしたが果たせなかった。
- He tried to go to China (Sung) with Jakusho in 1003, but failed.
- これを意訳して無量寿仏/無量光仏とも呼ばれ、無明の現世をあまねく照らす光の仏とされる。
- These are freely translated as 無量寿仏 or 無量光仏 and are regarded as the Buddha of light who shines forth in this dark world.
- (参照:旧岩波文庫 ただし、これは、語句の誤りが多いため、岩波書店から絶版にされた。)
- (Refer to the former Iwanami bunko edition; however, as it contains a large number of incorrect descriptions, the book is now out of print from Iwanami Shoten, a publisher).
- 栄叡と普照の要請を受けた鑑真は、弟子に問いかけたが、誰も渡日を希望する者がいなかった。
- Accepting the invitation of Yoei and Fusho, Ganjin asked his disciples to go to Japan, but had no volunteers.
- 毘沙門堂門跡のほか日光山(日光東照宮、輪王寺)・東叡山(寛永寺)貫主、座主を兼任した。
- In addition to becoming Monzeki (head priest of a temple who is a member of the Imperial Family) of Bishamon-do Temple, he successively served as the head priest of Mt. Nikko (Nikko Toshogu Shrine, Rinno-ji Temple) and Mt. Toei (Kanei-ji Temple).
- 義満は和解論を退け「当家の運と山名家の運とを天の照覧に任すべし」と述べて決戦を決める。
- Yoshimitsu avoided the peace treaty, and he decided to fight by saying, 'I leave up to the view of the heavens the destinies of my clan and the Yamana clan.'
- 以降の詳細は、北から奄美諸島の歴史、沖縄県の歴史、先島諸島先島の歴史などを参照のこと。
- For more information about the histories of these small islands, refer, starting with the northern areas, to the history of the Amami Islands, to the history of Okinawa Prefecture and to the Sakishima history of the Sakishima islands.
- 射距離:28m、的:直径36cm(一尺二寸)の霞的、星的または色的(的 (弓道)参照)。
- Shooting range: 28 m; target: kasumimato, hoshimato or iro mato (refer to Target (Kyudo)), 36 cm in diameter
- (瀧口雅仁(オフィスぼんが)『噺家根問』ISBN 978-4779112973 参照。)
- (Refer to 'Hanashika Nedoi' [Interview with storytellers] ISBN 978-4779112973 by Masahito TAKIGUCHI [Office Bonga].)
- 普請は仏教用語で、ふしんの読み仮名は禅宗が伝えた為、唐音が使われる(燃燈仏などを参照)。
- Fushin (普請) is from Buddhist terminology and the reading 'fushin' was introduced through Zen Buddhism, therefore To-on (Japanese reading of kanji [Chinese characters] imported from China by Zen priests) (唐音) is used (See Dipankara and similar works).
- 一般的に沢庵漬けの考案者と言われているが、これについては諸説ある(同項目を参照のこと)。
- Although he is widely believed to be the inventor of takuanzuke (pickled daikon radish), there are many views on this subject (refer to the column on takuanzuke).
- 989年(永祚 (日本)元年)10月26日円融天皇の命により広沢湖畔に遍照寺を建立した。
- On December 2, 989, he established Hensho-ji Temple by Hirosawa-ko Lake under the order from Emperor Enyu.
- 若王子神社から慈照寺(銀閣寺)付近までの疏水分線の堤は哲学の道という遊歩道になっている。
- The bank of Sosuibunsen Canal from Wakaoji-jinja Shrine to Jisyo-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple) provides a walking trail called Philosophers' Walk.
- 多くは木造の簡易なもので、代表的な形態がモット・アンド・ベーリー型である(図a 参照)。
- Most castles were simple and composed of wood, and Motte and Bailey type were typical (refer to Figure a.).
- 南宋代の禅僧、大慧宗杲が対立する宏智派の禅風を非難して「黙照邪師」と呼んだことに始まる。
- Daie Soko, a Zen priest of Kanna-zen in the period of the Chinese Southern Sung Dynasty, rebuked the Zen style of the antagonistic Kochi school and called it 'Mokusho Jashi style' (literally, 'a style of wicked mentor Mokusho'); from that event the Kochi school became called 'Mokusho-zen.'
- 月見で食べる月見団子と対照的に桜色(薄い赤色)・白色・緑色などの色で華やかな色彩をつける。
- In contrast to tsukimi dango (rice dumpling for moon viewing) prepared for tsukimi, hanami dango are bright like cherry blossoms, pink, white, and green.
- 遺跡としての塚は古墳(こふん Kofun)・墳丘墓(ふんきゅうぼ Tumulus)を参照。
- For information on mounds in terms of remains, see Kofun (Ancient Burial Mounds) and Funkyubo (grave mound of tumulus).
- 油彩とリトグラフという比較障害があるとしても、ファンタン=ラトゥールの絵とは好対照である。
- This is in marked contrast to the painting by Fantin-Latour despite the difficulty in comparing oil paintings and lithography.
- また照明専用具として油やろうそくがありはしたが、いずれも庶民にとっては高価なものであった。
- Articles for lighting, such as oil or candles, were too expensive for common people to use.
- ほかに観蓮、寂乗、観照という3名の僧と出会った仁寛は、彼らに醍醐三宝院流の奥義を伝授した。
- In addition Ninkan met three monks, Kanren, Jakujo and Kansho and initiated them into the secret arts of Daigo Sanboin school.
- 今日の曹洞宗は黙照禅で知られるが当時は看話禅の修行も盛んで、恵應はその第一人者と目された。
- These days the Soto sect is known for its Mokusho Zen (a method of zazen, a state of thinking nothing) teachings, however Donei Eio practiced Kanwa Zen (meditation supplemented with Koan [small presentations of the nature of ultimate reality, usually presented as a paradox]) and is recognized as its originator.
- 竹雲の舶来品嫌いは徹底しており、蒸気機関車にも乗らず、ランプ (照明器具)も用いなかった。
- Chikuun hated the European culture to the bone, so he refused to get on a steam locomotive, and did not use a gas lamp.
- 願照寺(岡崎市舳越町字本郷に所在)が所蔵していたため、安城御影(または安静御影)と呼ばれる。
- As it used to be owned by the Gansho-ji Temple (located in Aza Hongo, Hegoshi-cho, Okazaki City) it is called Anjo no Goei (written as 安城御影 (or 安静御影)).
- 時系列に連続した西暦に比べて過去を正確にあらわすには元号を全て覚えるか照合作業が必要である。
- Compared with the western calendar, which continues in chronological order, the Japanese calendar requires people to remember all the gengo or to check them in a table to have a clear picture of historical events.
- これらを参照して大正以降即位礼の皇后の料は白唐衣に緑系統の表着という組み合わせに固定化した。
- Based on this, the fabric for the empress's clothing worn during the enthronement ceremony have been fixed as a combination of white karaginu and omotegi in greenish color since the Taisho Period.
- 普賢菩薩とともに釈迦如来の脇侍をつとめる(参照:釈迦三尊)ほか、単独でも広く信仰されている。
- It is one of the kyoji (attendant figures) of Shakanyorai with Fugen Bosatsu (see 'Shaka Triad') and is broadly worshiped by itself.
- 1644年(正保元年)天台座主173世となり、日光山法務を兼帯、日光東照宮の営繕をつとめた。
- In 1644, he was inaugurated as the 173rd head priest of Tendai Sect cum Homu (director of temple affairs) of Mt. Nikko and repaired Nikko Toshogu Shrine.
- この節に、それぞれの天守の特徴などを挙げているが、その詳細はそれぞれの城の記事を参照のこと。
- Various descriptions, including distinct features of each castle tower, have been given in this section, but articles and reading matters on the respective castle should be referenced for more details.
- 時宗 開祖は証誠大師・円照大師「一遍」(一遍上人・智真とも)、本山は藤沢山清浄光寺(遊行寺)
- Ji sect: founded by Shojo Daishi and Ensho Daishi 'Ippen' (also called Ippen Shonin or Chishin), the head temple is the Shojoko-ji Temple on Mt. Fujisawa (Yugyo-ji Temple).
- 国宝の慈照寺(銀閣寺)東求堂の北東角に、将軍足利義政の茶室として使われた、「同仁斎」がある。
- In the northeastern corner of Togudo in Jisho-ji (Ginkaku-ji) Temple (a national treasure) 'Dojinsai' is located that was used as the tea room for Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, a Shogun.
- 1936(S11)年、不動明王の縁から真言宗成田山新勝寺の講中として成田山立川立照講を設立。
- In 1936, he established Naritasan tachikawa tachisho ko ((Buddhist) lecture meeting of Naritasan tachikawa tachisho) as the kochu (religious groups) of Naritasan Shinsho-ji Temple of Shingon sect in association with Fudo Myoo.
- 徳一の『仏性抄』(成立年不詳)に対し、最澄が『照権実鏡』(弘仁8年(817年)成立)で反論。
- Against 'Bushosho' (the year of realization unknown) by Tokuitsu, Saicho countered his argument in 'Shogon-jikkyo' (realized in 817).
- 照準器のうち照門や照尺の事を見当と言い、照星を(さきのめあて)照門を(まえのめあて)と呼んだ。
- A rear sight or back sight on the gun sights were called 'kento,' a front sight 'saki no meate' and a rear sight 'mae no meate.'
- 肉や揚物(牛カルビ、チャーシュ、ハンバーグ、ベーコン、チキン照焼、えび天、いか天、ししゃも天)
- Meat dishes and fried foods (short rib, char siu, hamburger, bacon, chicken teriyaki, shrimp tenpura, squid tenpura, shishamo smelt tenpura)
- 家集に「遍照集」があるが、勅撰和歌集から遍昭作の歌をひいて編集したもので、遍昭の独自性はない。
- There is a collection of his poetical works, called 'Henjo-shu,' but it does not have any uniqueness because it is only a collection of poems by Henjo taken from Imperial-commissioned poem anthologies.
- 足利義政が東山に建てた(慈照寺)東求堂には四畳半の部屋があり、茶室の元祖と言われることがある。
- Togudo in Jisho-ji Temple in the Higashiyama area, built by Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, has a four-and-a-half tatami-mat room, which is said to be the origin of the tea ceremony room.
- 1988年の2巡目国体の第1回会場として使用されるのを機にナイター照明設備、電光掲示板を設置。
- When it was used for the first National Sports Festival's second round in 1988, the lighting facilities for night games and the electrical scoreboard were installed.
- 光信は、園城寺勧学院客殿障壁画などを残し、永徳とは対照的な、大和絵風の繊細な画風を特色とした。
- Mitsunobu created the screen paintings in the Reception Hall of Kangakuin, Onjo-ji Temple; in contrast to Eitoku he specialized in delicate painting in the Yamatoe style.
- 西日本では薩摩揚げのことも「天ぷら」(「てんぷら」とも表記)と呼ぶ(詳細は「薩摩揚げ」参照)。
- The word 'tempura' is also used to refer to satsuma-age, a fried fish cake (for the details, see the 'satsuma-age section) in western Japan.
- 初期は在家への布教にも熱心であったが晩年は出家第一主義の立場を取った(正法眼蔵十二巻本参照)。
- At first he was eager to spread his teaching to lay believers, but in his later years he took the priests-first (see the 12th volume of Shobogenzo (Treasury of the Eye of True Teaching)).
- 山梨県慈照寺住職、駒澤大学教授などを務めたあと、昭和15年(1940年)には曹洞宗管長に就任。
- After he was placed in charge as the chief priest of the Jisho-ji Temple in the Yamanashi Prefecture and a professor of the Komazawa University, he assumed the position as chief abbot of the Soto Sect in 1940.
- 遣明船は本字号勘合を1号から順次持参し,浙江の布政司(行政府)と北京の礼部で底簿と照合される。
- The Japanese envoy ship dispatched to Ming China brought the Honjigo Kango in order from No.1, and they were compared with the Honji Kango teibo in the executive office in Zhejiang and the Ministry of Civil Administration in Beijing.
- 南区の町名について、いずれを現行公称町名とみなすかについては、参照する資料によって相違がある。
- Official town names in Minami Ward differ according to reference materials one consults.
- カツオのたたきは、四国、九州、紀州、遠州など鰹節の産地が本場として有名である(鰹のタタキ参照)。
- Areas that produce dried bonito, such as Shikoku, Kyushu, Kishu and Enshu, are famous for being home to bonito tataki (refer to Bonito Tataki).
- 現在も続く長期低迷を脱しようとして、さまざまな試行錯誤が重ねられている(参照「日本酒の現在」)。
- In order to get out of the slump, various trials and errors have been piled (see the section of 'the present situation of sake').
- 大きく分類する場合は、金仏壇・唐木仏壇・家具調仏壇に分けられる(詳しくはそれぞれの項目を参照)。
- Butsudan is classified into three main types, i.e. kin butsudan (golden alters), karaki butsudan (rare foreign wood altars) and kagucho butsudan (furniture style altars) (details of which are to be referred to the respective sections).
- 各城の天守の存在、焼失年、再建年、非・現存・再建などを列挙した一覧は「天守の一覧」を参照のこと。
- For a list of items for: existence, year of destruction by fire, year of reconstruction, not-existing/now existing/reconstructed, and so on for the Tenshu of each castle, see 'List of Tenshu.'
- 客はこの「源氏香の図」を見ながら自分の書いた図と照合し、源氏物語の該当する巻名を書いて答とする。
- Each guest verifies their own chart while looking at this 'Genji-ko-no-zu,' and answers the applicable roll name of the Tale of Genji.
- 称名は広義には、南無阿弥陀仏のほか、南無釈迦牟尼仏、南無観世音菩薩、南無大師遍照金剛などもさす。
- In a broader sense, Shomyo other than Namu Amida butsu include: Namu Shaka muni butsu (Sakyamuni or Buddha), Namu Kanzeon Bosatsu (Avalokitesvara or Kannon Bodhisattva), and Namu daishi henjo kongo (the posthumous name of Kukai).
- この動きは、初期荘園から寄進地系荘園(内部リンク「荘園」を参照)への移行を如実に表すものである。
- This movement clearly demonstrates the shift from early stage shoen to kishinchikei shoen (shoen that were originally donated by developers for the purpose of tax-exemption etc.) (refer to internal link 'Shoen').
- また、照準途中で引金の手を緩めると、常に上がるようにばね仕掛けになっているため火挟みが上に戻る。
- When the trigger is released in the middle of aiming, the serpentine, which is resisted by the upward force of the spring, returns to the lifted position.
- 伏見区の町名について、いずれを現行公称町名とみなすかについては、参照する資料によって相違がある。
- The official town names of Fushimi Ward vary depending on the materials referred to.
- 正倉院に唯一の現物である「螺鈿紫檀五絃琵琶」(らでんしたんごげんのびわ、図参照)が保存されている。
- The only existing actual biwa, 'Raden shitan Gogen no Biwa' has been preserved in the Shoso-in Treasure Repository (see figure).
- 骨まで柔らかくなるようにゆっくりと長時間煮込み、仕上げにさらに水飴などを加えて照りをだすのがコツ。
- Simmer them slowly for a long time until the bones become soft and add mizuame last to have teri again.
- その原因として、開花後の日照不足や、夏季の少雨で果実が十分に成長できなかったことなどがあげられる。
- The reasons were little sunlight after flower blooming and little rain in the summertime, and as a result, the fruit could not grow sufficiently.
- しかし豊臣秀吉に茶堂として重用された利休とは対照的に、洛北に隠棲して孤高の茶三昧であったとされる。
- However, unlike Rikyu, who was appointed to the important post of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's tea master, Kenchu led a secluded life in the north, immersing himself in the tea ceremony.
- 浴衣はもともと白地の木綿をアイ (植物)で染抜くのが原則で、柄も大胆なものが多かった(右図参照)。
- Originally, the yukata was made principally of indigo-dyed plain cotton cloth in which undyed patterns were left and daring patterns were laid on the yukata (see the picture on the right.)
- 太陽光と風力で発電・点灯する照明をはじめ、芝生広場や水遊びができるせせらぎや噴水が配置されている。
- This zone is equipped with lamps powered by solar and wind energy, and has grassy open spaces, and fountains and streams where one can enjoy touching the water.
- 栄叡と普照は、授戒できる僧10人を招請するため渡唐し、戒律の僧として高名だった鑑真のもとを訪れた。
- Therefore, Yoei and Fusho went to Tang (China) to invite 10 duly ordained Chinese priests prescribed by the Vinaya, and visited Ganjin, who had already distinguished himself as a great Vinaya master.
- 現在、営業無尽を行う企業は「日本住宅無尽株式会社」ただ1社のみである(→「無尽会社」の項を参照)。
- At present, only one company operates Mujin, that is, 'Nihon Jutaku Mujin K.K.' (see Article 'Mutual loan company').
- 彼の山荘(後の慈照寺=銀閣寺)が東山にあったことから、その時代の文化を東山文化と称することがある。
- On Higashiyama (Mt. Higashi), he constructed a villa, which later came to be called Jisho-ji Temple (more commonly, Ginkaku-ji Temple), so the culture around then is occasionally called Higashiyama culture after the location.
- 旧暦では午の月は5月にあたり(十二支を参照のこと)、この午の月の最初の午の日を節句として祝っていた。
- It is said that in the old lunar calendar, as May is the month of the horse (refer to the item of 12 signs of the Chinese zodiac), and the first horse day of the month was celebrated as the sekku.
- 1444年の文安の麹騒動によって酒屋業の一部へと武力で吸収合併された(参照:日本酒の歴史室町時代)。
- Because of the Bunan koji disturbance in 1444, koji production was forced to merge by military force as a part of sake trading (Refer to 'History of Sake - Muromachi period).
- 歌舞伎『楼門五三桐』二幕目返し「南禅寺山門の場」を単独で上演するときの通称 →『楼門五三桐』を参照。
- The name ordinarily given to the 'Nanzenji Sanmon' scene of the second act of the kabuki play 'Sanmon Gosan no Kiri' when performed independently (refer to 'Sanmon Gosan no Kiri').
- 存如の妻如円尼は実子の蓮照に継職させようと図ったが、存如の弟如乗の支持で蓮如が本願寺第8代を継いだ。
- Nyoenni, Zonno's wife, tried to make her son Rensho succeed as the chief priest, but instead Rennyo became the eighth chief priest of Hongwan-ji Temple, supported by Nyojo, Zonnyo's brother.
- (復元天守・復興天守・模擬天守・天守閣風建物の各詳細に関しては天守近・現代の天守建設を参照のこと。)
- (For details on restored castle towers, reconstructed castle towers, reconstructed imitation keeps, and donjon-like buildings, refer to the construction of modern and present donjons.)
- ただし近世の弓術はこの両側面を備える場合が多く、単純に二分できるものではない(近世弓術の特徴参照)。
- In recent times Kyujutsu usually had both aspects so, it can not easily be divided into two categories (See the characteristics of Kyujutsu in resent times).
- 新々門であった光照は当時2歳であったため、大谷家側近(近松尊定など)が4代にわたり管長代理を務めた。
- Kosho, a grandheir to Kozui, was then two years old, so that entourages of Otani family, like Sonjo CHIKAMATSU, kept the office of deputy chief abbot in four generations.
- 逆に明側は日字勘合(百道日字一号~百号)を日本に持参し、日本側の所有している日字勘合底簿と照合する。
- Meanwhile, the Ming side brought the Nichiji Kango (of which there were one hundred copies: Nichiji Nos. 1 to 100) to Japan, and they were compared with the Nichiji Kango teibo that the Japanese side possessed.
- ぞれぞれ、常磐津節・清元節を参照(常磐津節『関の扉』『戻駕』、清元節『道行旅路の花聟』『保名』など)。
- To know about Tokiwazu-bushi, such as 'Seki no to' (The Door of the Barrier Station) & 'Modori Kago' (The Palanquin Returning from Shimabara), or about Kiyomoto-bushi, such as 'Michiyuki Tabiji no Hanamuko' (The Bridegroom Accompanying the Journey) & 'Yasuna,' please refer to the article of 'Tokiwazu-bushi' or 'Kiyomoto-bushi.'
- 昔の広島のお好み焼き店はどこも規模が小さく、窮屈で狭い(理由は「広島風お好み焼きのソース」の項参照)。
- Every okonomiyaki shop in Hiroshima in past times was small-scale, cramped and narrow (see the reason in the section 'Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki sauce').
- 自然の一部である天気や気候においても、適度な晴れや雨は実りや慈雨であるが、過ぎれば日照りや水害になる。
- Even in weather and climate, an appropriate amount of sunny weather and rain means good harvest and fruitful rain, but too much of them can cause drought and floods.
- 料理屋の精進料理は、時としては仏教の食事に関する概念とは対照的な美食を目的として調製することすらある。
- Shojin ryori at restaurants are sometimes cooked with the aim of providing dainty food that is in contradiction to the Buddhist notion of a meal.
- 火の見櫓、芝居小屋(劇場)の太鼓櫓など、また建物以外の物の構造や将棋の技などについては櫓を参照のこと。
- Refer to yagura for hinomi-yagura turret, taiko yagura (drum turret) of a playhouse (theater), non-architectural yagura, shogi (Japanese chess) technique, etc.
- 呂と律は雅楽における曲調の大分類であり(上述の曲の調子を参照)、呂律は広い意味での曲の調子を意味する。
- Ryo and Ritsu are large classifications of musical tones in Gagaku (See 'Tone of Music' as described above), Roretsu means the tone of music in a broad sense.
- 饅頭の天ぷら主として酒饅頭に衣を付けて揚げたもので、一部は揚げ饅頭として商品化されている(饅頭参照)。
- Deep-fried manju (bun stuffed with adzuki-bean paste) is mainly referred to battered and deep-fried Saka-manju (sake liquor bun stuffed with adzuki-bean paste) and some of deep-fried manju have been commercialized as age-manju (deep-fried bun with adzuki-bean paste.) (See the manju section.)
- このため十巻本の写本には、しばしば下総本系の本を参照し、朱でその校異を書き入れているものも少なくない。
- Therefore, in not a few 10-volume book manuscripts, Shimosa book-related manuscripts are often referred to and corrections are written in red ink.
- また、照門に「矢倉(やぐら)」と云う秘伝のアタッチメント「照尺」を付け、仰角をつけて撃つ等の業があった。
- There was also the art of shooting in which the secret attachment of a gunsight called 'Yagura' was attached to the rear sight to give an elevation.
- 各年ごとの分野別の文化・流行などは年表からたどった各年の記事内の「芸術・文化・ファッション」の項を参照。
- For a culture and popularity by field in each year, refer to the section of 'art, culture and fashion' in the article of each year which was traced in accordance with the chronological table.
- 比叡山の麓にある園城寺を寺門、山上にある延暦寺を山門と呼んで対比した →「延暦寺」及び「比叡山」を参照。
- Onjo-ji Temple at the base of Mt. Hiei is referred to as the 'Jimon' whereas Enryaku-ji Temple located on Mt. Hiei is referred to as 'Sanmon' (please refer to 'Enryaku-ji Temple' and 'Mt. Hiei').
- これらが集約された例として、足利義政が慈照寺(銀閣寺)の東求堂に造った書斎、同仁斎が建築史上有名である。
- A famous historical example of an architectural structure that integrates these features is Dojinsai, a study that Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA had built in the Togudo (a building that houses an image of Amida Buddha) of Ginkaku-ji Temple (Jisho-ji Temple).
- 寛朝が建立した京都市右京区嵯峨広沢にある広沢池の南にある遍照寺 (京都市)の所在地名が語源となっている。
- It was named after the place name of Hensho-ji Temple (Kyoto City) built by Kancho, which lies in the south of Hirosawa-no-ike Pond (in the Saga Hirosawa, Ukyo ward of Kyoto City).
- 実際には碧血の故事(碧血碑を参照のこと)にちなみ、着る物や敷く物は浅黄色に整えられた(浅黄色+赤=碧色)。
- In reality, this is related to the hekketsu event (see 'hekketsu-hi'), and the clothing worn as well as the covers laid on the floor were pale yellow (pale yellow + red = green).
- そもそも吟醸酒自体が、アルコール添加を前提として開発された酒種であった(参照:日本酒の歴史吟醸酒の誕生)。
- Ginjoshu itself is a type of sake that has been developed on the premise of adding alcohol. (Refer to 'Nihonshu no Rekishi - Ginjoshu no Tanjo' - literally, 'History of Sake - Birth of Ginjoshu'.)
- 甘酒ほどではないが、練り絹のような照りを持ち、ペースト状でねっとりした、もしくは粥のような形状をしている。
- Although not to the same degree as Amazake (sweet mild sake), it has a shiny texture like that of a degummed silk cloth and takes the form of a sticky paste or a rice porridge-like substance.
- この時代の代表作としては山形県米沢市に伝わる上杉謙信の遺品や久能山東照宮にある徳川家康の遺品があげられる。
- Typical kosode in this period can be seen in a memento of Kenshin UESUGI handed down to Yonezawa City, Yamagata Prefecture, and mementos of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA possessed by Toshogu Shrine on Mt. Kuno.
- 茶室へ入るのを待つ腰掛け、手を清める蹲踞(つくばい)夜足元を照らす灯篭などさまざまな演出と意匠が施される。
- Various representations and designs are arranged such as the seats to wait for entering a tea room, tsukubai (literally 'stooping basin'. A low wash basin used in a tea garden) to wash hands, and lantern which lights the footsteps.
- 揚州の大明寺の住職であった742年、日本から唐に渡った僧栄叡、普照らから戒律を日本へ伝えるよう懇請された。
- In 742, when he was a chief priest of Daming Temple in Yangzhou, he was implored to transmit the Vinaya precepts to Japan by Yoei and Fusho, priests dispatched to Tang from Japan.
- 延宝8年(1680年)、後水尾上皇が没すると内親王は出家して照山元瑶と称し、山荘を寺に改め林丘寺と号した。
- In 1680 when Retired Emperor Gomizunoo died, the Imperial Princess entered the priesthood and identified herself as Shozan Genyo, and she changed the villa into the Rinkyu-ji Temple.
- 布留川の上流に位置しており、古今和歌集において後嵯峨天皇や僧正遍照が「布留の滝」と詠んだ滝と言われている。
- The falls is located upstream of the Furu-kawa River and is believed to be the one that Emperor Gosaga and Sojo Henjo referred to as 'the falls of Furu' in their poems found in 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry).
- 農林水産省にてレイメイの乾燥種子に30Krのγ線を照射して突然変異を起こさせ、長野県農事試験場にて系統育種。
- MAFF caused mutation through the 30 Kr gamma irradiation of dry seed of Reimei, and Nagano Agricultural Experiment Station conducted the line breeding.
- いわば「改良たかね錦」であるが、1980年代に同県への美山錦の導入が考えられたときに主たる比較対照となった。
- It might be called an improved 'Takane nishiki,' and it was used as the standard for comparison when Miyama nishiki was introduced into Akita Prefecture in the 1980s.
- 変わった食材としては、コンニャク、イカ、つくね、肉詰めレンコン、ハンバーグなども照り焼きの調理法が使われる。
- Other different types of foods include konjac, squid, meatballs, lotus roots stuffed with meat, and hamburgers are also cooked using the teriyaki method.
- 現存する中国最古の書論は、後漢時代に著された中国の書家一覧趙壱の『非草書』である(中国の書道史書論を参照)。
- The oldest existing theory of calligraphy in China is 'Hisosho' written by Choitsu in the Chinese calligrapher list described in the later term of the Western Han period (refer to the Chinese history and theory of calligraphy).
- 安土桃山時代に若狭武田氏が滅亡すると、武田信直(吸松斎)から姻戚(下記参照)の細川幽斎(幽斎)に伝授された。
- When the Wakasa Takeda clan collapsed in the Azuchi Momoyama period, it was handed down to Yusai HOSOKAWA (called Yusai), through Nobunao TAKEDA (called Kyushosai), who was a relative of Yusai (see below).
- 寺院は本来山に建てられ山号を付けて呼んだ名残りで平地にあっても山門という →「三門」及び「七堂伽藍」を参照。
- The word 'sanmon' (lit. mountain gate) is a remnant from the time when Buddhist temples were originally built on mountains, so that now even such gates of temples located on flatland are referred to as sanmon (please refer to 'Sanmon' and 'shichido garan.').
- 初め伝教大師円仁につき、円仁の死後は遍照に師事して顕密二教(顕教と密教)のほか戒・悉曇(しったん)を学んだ。
- He studied Kenmitsu Buddhism (Exoteric Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism), kai (precept) and siddham (Sanskrit) initially under Dengyo Daishi Ennin and after his death, under Hensho.
- 以後斎王は天照大神の「御杖代(みつえしろ、神の意を受ける依代)」として、長く伊勢神宮に奉仕することとなった。
- Since then, Saio came to serve as 'Mitsueshiro' (an object housing Kami, or a divine spirit) of Amaterasu Omikami at the Ise-jingu Shrine for a long time.
- また垂仁紀は「天皇、倭姫命を以って御杖(みつえ)として、天照大神に貢奉(たてまつ)りたまふ」とも述べている。
- The Suinin Chronicle also states that 'the Emperor offered Yamatohime no Mikoto to Amaterasu Omikami as Mitsue (a cane assisting Omikami).
- この書における一乗批判・法華経批判に対して最澄が著したのが『照権実鏡』であり、ここから両者の論争が始まった。
- In rivalry with the criticism against ichijo and Hokekyo in this book, Saicho wrote 'Shogon-jikkyo,' which is where the dispute between them started.
- もう一つは、それに不服の者については頼朝へ連絡し「沙汰」させる、というものである。(詳細は上記内容を参照)。
- The other was to notify Yoritomo and have him execute 'sata' on anyone who objected to the first subject (for details, please refer to the above contents).
- それに対し宗氏にとって通交の制限は受け入れられるものではなく、両者の間に確執が生まれる(交易の制限節参照)。
- However, such restrictions were unacceptable to the So clan, which gave rise to a feud between the two sides (See the section on the trade restriction).
- 主なメンバーとしては、西田幾多郎、田辺元、波多野精一、西谷啓治、久松真一、武内義範、上田閑照らが挙げられる。
- The main members are Kitaro NISHIDA, Hajime TANABE, Seiichi HATANO, Keiji NISHITANI, Shin-ichi HISAMATSU, Yoshinori TAKEUCHI, Shizuteru UEDA, and others.
- 豊後節の特徴は義太夫節の豪壮な性格とは対照的に、一中節の上品な性格を生かしたやわらかで艶っぽい語り口にあった。
- The characteristic of Bungo-bushi was its erotic manner of recitation based on the elegant nature of Icchu-bushi, which contrasted with the dynamic nature of Gidayu-bushi.
- 調弦法が多種あるのは、異なる調に対応するためと、響きによる雰囲気の違いのためである(詳しくは「地歌」を参照)。
- There are various kinds of tuning to cover every different key, and also to create a different atmosphere depending upon the tuning (See also 'Jiuta' for details).
- 郷土研究家の土井中照によると、南予地方の鯛めしが、今日の姿で紹介されるようになったのは昭和60年代以降のこと。
- According to Akira DOINAKA, a native researcher, Tai Meshi in the Nanyo area when first introduced has remained the same on and after 1985.
- また、1627年(寛永4年)には、本阿弥光悦の招きにより洛北鷹峰に常照寺 (京都市)を創建して檀林を開創した。
- In response to the invitation of Koetsu HONAMI, he founded in 1627 Josho-ji Temple (Kyoto City) at Rakuhoku Takagamine as well as its danrin (a school annexed to a temple).
- 公案に参究することにより見性しようとする看話禅(かんなぜん)で、ただ座禅する曹洞宗の黙照禅とはこの点が異なる。
- With its Zen Talks that try to awaken self awareness through study of Koan, it differs from the Silent Zen of the Soto sect, which just does meditation.
- その後は、744年(天平16)になって同じ場所に聖武天皇によって宮殿が築かれた(「後期難波宮」 難波京参照)。
- Another palace was subsequently built by Emperor Shomu at the same location in 744 (See the article of 'the late Naniwa no Miya Palace' under Naniwa-kyo [an ancient capital of Naniwa]).
- 通常、芸妓が出入りできる料理屋は決まっておりどこでも呼べるわけではないので注意が必要である(料亭の項を参照)。
- It should be noted that geigi can only go to some specific restaurants and not just any restaurant (See 'Traditional Japanese Restaurants').
- このことは貴族などごく限られた人々しか家の紋章を用いないヨーロッパ各国とは、対照的な事例であると言えるだろう。
- This was in stark contrast to European countries, where only aristocrats could use a crest.
- したがって、これは『涅槃経』における戒律や仏性常住の記述とも関係があるので、照らしあわせて考察する必要がある。
- Therefore, this is also related to precepts and descriptions of eternity of busho in 'Nehan-gyo' and needs to be considered in light of them.
- 保護の対象にするべきとして、特別天然記念物に指定されており、うち春日山の照葉樹林は国の名勝にも指定されている。
- To protect the area, Kasugayama Primeval Forest is designated as a special natural treasure, and the laurel forest of Mt. Kasuga is designated as a state scenic beauty.
- 特定名称の使用が定められる以前は、特級、一級、二級という日本酒級別制度が存在した(詳しくは日本酒の歴史を参照)。
- Before the use of specific names is provided for, there existed the sake grading system of tokkyu (special class), ikkyu (first class) and nikyu (second class). (For more information, refer to the 'History of Sake.')
- それまで小さな要因が蓄積するあいだに、同時代的に警鐘を鳴らす者が皆無だったわけではない(参照:低迷からの模索)。
- It's not to say that nobody was warned about it while those small reasons were piling (see the section 'seeking in the slump').
- 「本連」または「二連」、「二輪」と呼ばれる数珠は、「主珠(おもだま)」(珠の名称を参照)が108珠ある数珠の事。
- Juzu that are called 'Honren' (main strand), 'Niren' (two strand) or 'Nirin' (two loops) are ones that are composed of 108 beads of 'Omodama' (main beads) (refer to the name of beads).
- 日蓮宗:本山会津妙國寺、本山飯田本興寺、本山見附玄妙寺、本山吉美妙立寺、上総十ヶ寺=大網蓮照寺、宮谷壇林本國寺。
- Nichiren Sect : The main temple Aizu Tenmyokoku-ji Temple, the main temple Iida Honko-ji Temple, the main temple Mitsuke Genmyo-ji Temple, the main temple Yoshimi Myoritsu-ji Temple, Kazusa ten temples including Oami Rensho-ji Temple and Miyatanidanrin Honkoku-ji Temple.
- マッチなどによる着火が容易でない時代、囲炉裏の火は絶やされることなく、竈(かまど)や照明具の火種として使われた。
- During the period when making a fire using tools such as a match was not easy, the fire of the Irori fireplace was always kept lit so that it could be used for making a fire for the Kamado or lighting.
- 同志社(旧英学校、神学校及び波理須理科学校)〔京都市上京区今出川通烏丸東入玄武町〕 - 詳細は学校法人同志社参照
- Doshisha (former English school, Seminary and Harris School of Science) [Genbu-cho, Imadegawadori Karasuma Higashi-iru, Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City〕 - For more information, refer to section for the Doshisha.
- 区の南部には平安神宮、南禅寺、慈照寺(銀閣寺)、下鴨神社(賀茂御祖神社)、修学院離宮などの著名社寺や史跡がある。
- In the south it has the following famous temples, shrines and historical sites: Heian-jingu Shrine, Nanzen-ji Temple, Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple), Shimogamo-jinja Shrine (Kamomioya-jinja Shrine) and Shugakuin Palace.
- 日本の暦については、Template季節の話題、Template今日のこよみ、Template今日は何の日も参照。
- For Japanese calendar, also refer to Template seasonal topic, Template today's calendar, and Template what happened on this date in the past.
- 出初め式の歴史については、江戸時代の1659年(万治2年)1月4日に江戸上野東照宮で行われたのが最初と伝えられる。
- It is said that the dezomeshiki held at Ueno Toshogu Shrine on January 4, 1659 in the Edo period was the first in its history.
- 知恩院の貫主に懇願されて、1774年(安永3年)伊勢国宇治山田(現在・三重県伊勢市)の寂照寺を再興するために入山。
- At the sincere request of the chief priest of Chionin Temple, he entered the mountains in order to reconstruct Josho-ji Temple in Uji Yamada, Ise Province (present-day, Ise City, Mie Prefecture) in 1774.
- 他にも、横須賀市法照寺では創価学会信者が2度にわたって放火及び失火の罪で現行犯逮捕されるなど、刑法事件も頻発した。
- Another thing was that Soka Gakkai believers caused criminal incidents, and they were arrested twice at Hosho-ji Temple in Yokosuka City when they were caught in the act of starting or causing fires.
- 池上本門寺 (東京都大田区池上) - 江戸時代(1607年)、31.8m 日光東照宮のを模して作られたといわれる。
- Ikegami Honmon-ji Temple (Ikegami, Ota-ku Ward, Tokyo Prefecture): The Edo period (1607); 31.8 m tall; it is said to have been modeled after the Gojunoto of Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine.
- 古代ペルシャの聖典『アヴェスター』に出る最高神アフラ・マズダーに対応するといわれる(以下、歴史的背景の項を参照)。
- Ashura is said to correspond to Ahura Mazda, which is the highest-ranking deity appearing in the ancient Persian scripture 'Avesta' (see the article of historical background).
- 義満の時代の鹿苑寺(金閣寺)など北山文化や足利義政時代の慈照寺(銀閣寺)など東山文化に融合の後を見ることができる。
- This fusion can be seen in the Kitayama culture, such as Rokuon-ji Temple (Kinkaku-ji Temple), of Yoshimitsu's rule and the Higashiyama culture, such as Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple), of Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA's rule.
- 原文…設我得佛 國土清淨 皆悉照見 十方一切 無量無數 不可思議 諸佛世界 猶如明鏡 覩其面像 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, my land should not be resplendent, revealing in its light all the immeasurable, innumerable and inconceivable Buddha-lands, like images reflected in a clear mirror, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 例:箏・三味線における「楽曲途中での調弦変更(『転調』) 地歌を参照」) や、尺八・篠笛の「指穴半開」、「持ち替え」
- Examples include 'changes of tuning (modulation)' in the course of a piece in the case of the So and Shamisen (see Jiuta), or 'half-open finger holes' and 'changes of holding style' in the case of the Shakuhachi and Shinobue.
- 8歳で臨済宗聖一派東山湛照(とうざんたんしょう)に師事して参禅し、東山の没後は規庵祖円・桃渓徳悟らについて修行した。
- He became the disciple of Rinzai Sect Shoichi School monk Tozan Tansho at age 8 and practiced Zen before going on to practice under Kian Soen and Tokei Tokugo after Tozan's death.
- その後浄土院 (京都市左京区)(現在の京都慈照寺(銀閣寺)の近くにあった寺)に住したことから浄土寺の座主と称された。
- He later resided in Jodo-in Temple (Sakyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City) (a temple which was located near the present Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple) in Kyoto), giving him a nickname of chief priest of Jodo-ji Temple.
- 『日本書紀』崇神紀によれば、崇神天皇が皇女豊鍬入姫命に命じて宮中に祭られていた天照大神を倭の笠縫邑に祭らせたとある。
- According to the Sujin Chronicle of 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), Emperor Sujin ordered Imperial Princess Toyosukiirihime no Mikoto to enshrine Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess), who was worshiped in the Imperial Court, in the Kasanui Village of Wa (ancient Japan).
- 高野山奥の院御廟で空海は今も生き続けていると信じ、「南無大師遍照金剛」の称呼によって宗祖への崇敬を確認するのである。
- It is believed that Kukai is still alive in the mausoleum of Oku-no-in (inner sanctuary) on Mt. Koya, and worship to the founder of the sect was confirmed by chanting the phrase of 'Namu Daishi Henjo Kongo.'
- 人形浄瑠璃の発祥については、本稿の「起源」- 「義太夫節の完成」の項目を、その上演についての詳細は、文楽を参照のこと。
- As for the origin of Ningyo Joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater), refer to the items 'Origin' and 'Completion of Gidayu-bushi' mentioned below, and for the details of its performance refer to the item Bunraku.
- また上記概要にも記述があるが、個々の信仰は別として的屋は職業神として神農を祀り博徒は職業神として天照大神を祀っている。
- As mentioned above, they had different beliefs, with tekiya worshipping Shinno, and gamblers worshipping Amaterasu Okami as the god of business, whether each believes which religion or not.
- 牛乳などと同様に生もので劣化しやすいので、鮮度には注意が必要であり、冷蔵保存する必要がある(参照:「生酒」の問題点)。
- As raw sake is perishable the same as cow milk and vulnerable to degradation, appropriate care must be used for freshness and it must be refrigerated. (Refer to 'Problems of 'Raw sake.')
- 11月21日~28日…真宗大谷派(お東)・真宗佛光寺派・真宗興正派・真宗木辺派・真宗誠照寺派・真宗三門徒派・真宗山元派
- November 21 to 28: Shinshu Otani school (O-higashi), Shinshu Bukkoji Sect, Shinshu Kosho school, Shinshu Kibe school, Shinshu Josho-ji school, Shinshu Sanmonto school and Shinshu Yamamoto school.
- 本来の字義からは離れてしまっているが、空海の御宝号「南無大師遍照金剛(なむだいしへんじょうこんごう)」が転訛したもの。
- This phrase is a transformed version of 'Namu Daishi henjo kongo,' a gohogo for Kukai (a phrase praising Kukai), although the content of the phrase has become different from what was meant by the original one.
- こうした中で蓄積された日本人の不満は、1510年に三浦の乱という形で爆発するが朝鮮王朝に鎮圧される(乱の展開節参照)。
- Under those circumstances, the dissatisfaction had gradually accumulated among the Japanese residents, and eventually the Sanpo War occurred in 1510 as a result of the outburst of their dissatisfaction, but this was suppressed by the Korean Dynasty (see the section of Evolution of the war).
- 滝川一益、北条氏政のその後の動きは神流川の戦いを、徳川家康、氏政、真田昌幸のその後の動きは天正壬午の乱を参照されたい。
- For subsequent movements of Kazumasu TAKIGAWA and Ujimasa HOJO, refer to the article, Battle of Kanna River, and for those of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, Ujimasa and Masayuki SANADA, refer to the article, the Tenshojingo War.
- ただし、山間地にあるため河川は上流であり、日照りが続くと水量が簡単に減ってしまって水田が干上がってしまう問題があった。
- But Tanada were in the mountains, and were often located upstream of a river; as a result, in the case of a long spell of dry weather, the amount of water quickly decreased and the rice paddies dried up.
- 吟醸造りのような低温発酵時に酵母が出すエステル類、特にカプロン酸エチルや酢酸イソアミルに起因する香りである(参照:醪)。
- It is a fragrance derived from esters, especially ethyl caproate and isoamyl acetate, generated by sake yeast in the process of low-temperature fermentation like ginjo brewing. (Refer to 'Moromi.')
- 「見当をつける」は、位置を見極めるという意味で用いられ、照準を定める動作から、位置を見極めることにひろがったと思われる。
- The expression 'kento wo tsukeru' is used to mean that you detect the position, and from the action of sighting in, it came to mean that you have detected the position.
- 現代の日本酒の新酒の国税庁によるガイドラインについては「日本酒国税庁の清酒の製法品質表示基準による任意記載事項」を参照。
- For Japan's National Tax Agency guidelines regarding present day shin shu Japanese sake (rice wine), refer to the publication 'Japan's National Tax Agency shin-shu production quality standard arbitrary items for mention.'
- 生貯蔵酒とは逆に、製成後、火入れをしてから貯蔵し、製造場から移出する際には火入れを行わない清酒(参照:「生酒」の問題点)。
- Opposite to raw stored sake, seishu which, after production, has been pasteurized and stored and for which no pasteurization is conducted before shipping from the production site. (Refer to 'Problems of 'Raw Sake.')
- 現在も島原など他県からのOEMによる場合があるが、その場合は『三輪素麺』の名を冠しなくなっている(詳細は三輪素麺を参照)。
- Some is still produced by OEM in Shimabara and other prefectures, but such somen does not use the name of 'Miwa some' in the present days (for details, refer to Miwa somen).
- 初期の日本酒もその一種であったことが『大隅国風土記』にうかがえる(参照日本酒の歴史口嚼ノ酒(くちかみのさけ)とカビの酒)。
- According to the 'Osuminokuni Fudoki' (the records of the geography of Osumi Province), initial Japanese sake was also a sort of such alcohol (refer to the section of Ancient Times in the article of History of Japanese Sake).
- 羽子板には装飾用に作られるものもあり、人物像や花鳥の図が布の押し絵で豪華に作りつけられる(詳細は羽子板の項を参照のこと)。
- Hagoita is sometimes made for decoration, and is decorated luxuriously with raised cloth pictures of portraits, and designs of flowers and birds (for details, refer to the article of Hagoita).
- 輪王寺、妙法院、聖護院、照高院、青蓮院、三千院、曼珠院、毘沙門堂、円満院、仁和寺、大覚寺、勧修寺、知恩院の13寺院のこと。
- The thirteen temples of Rinno-ji, Myoho-in, Shogo-in, Shoko-in, Shoren-in, Sanzen-in, Manju-in, Bishamon-do, Enman-in, Ninna-ji, Daikaku-ji, Kaju-ji and Chion-in
- その画風は、同時代人の土佐光信の伝統的な大和絵風とは対照的に、水墨を基調とし、中国宋・元の画法を元にした「漢画」であった。
- His painting style was 'kanga,' with ink painting based on the brushwork of Sung and Yuan in China, in contrast to the traditional Yamatoe of his contemporary, Mitsunobu TOSA.
- また三浦居住の恒居倭の増加に伴い様々な問題が生じ、朝鮮王朝は恒居倭に対し強硬な姿勢で臨むようになる(恒居倭の増加節参照)。
- An increased number of kokyowa (Japanese people living on the Korean Peninsula who had no intention of becoming naturalized Koreans) living in Sanpo also caused various problems, and the Korean Dynasties started to take a harsh stance towards them (see the 'Increase in Number of Kokyowa' section).
- 雑務とは文字どおり「その他もろもろの仕事・案件」を意味する言葉であり、所務に対する用語として使用された(所務沙汰も参照)。
- Zatsumu literally means 'miscellaneous business' and was used in contrast to Shomu (see shomusata (trial dealing with land-related issues) for reference).
- 対策が遅れている原因として、各国で黄砂の定義や分類(各国の黄砂参照)、黄砂に関する認識に相違点があることが指摘されている。
- It is pointed out that the recognition of kosa as well as the definition and classification of kosa (refer to the section of kosa in various countries) depends on the nation and the differences constitute one factor of delaying taking necessary measures.
- ※郊外を中心に建設が盛んなレジャー型の銭湯(公衆浴場法外のその他の公衆浴場)については健康ランドやスーパー銭湯を参照のこと。
- For the leisure-type sento (other public bathhouses not subject to the Public Bath House Act), which are actively constructed mainly in the suburbs, refer to the article on 'Health Spa and Super Sento.'
- 以降も、町人文化に対応した三千家とは対照的に、西本願寺に加えて武家との交わりを重ねて華美を戒め古儀に徹しながら幕末を迎える。
- In contrast with the Sansenke, which went along with merchant culture, the Yabunouchi-ryu remained close to samurai families, as well as Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, and focused on avoiding pomp and maintaining ancient rites to the end of Edo Period.
- 戦後、表章が携わった岩波文庫版『申楽談儀』、『世阿弥 禅竹』所収の本文では、各写本を参照し、原文を復原する試みを行っている。
- After the World War II, in 'Sarugaku dangi' and 'Zeami and Zenchiku' of the Iwanami bunko version, the attempt to restore the original text was made, referring to each manuscript.
- 1903年1月14日朝、ビハール州ラージギル郊外で長らく謎の地の山であった旭日に照らされた釈迦ゆかりの霊鷲山を発見している。
- On the morning of January 14, 1903 in the suburbs of Rajgir in Bihar Province, he discovered Mt. Ryojusen under the morning sunlight, which was connected with Buddha and was a mountain in a mysterious area.
- 原文…設我得佛 國中菩薩 隨意欲見 十方無量 嚴淨佛土 應時如願 於寶樹中 皆悉照見 猶如明鏡 覩其面像 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in my land who wish to see the immeasurable glorious Buddha-lands of the 10 quarters should be unable to view all of them reflected in the jeweled trees, just as one sees the reflection of his face in a clear mirror, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- この来日の際には、幕府に朝鮮国王直筆の親書、銅鏡が進呈され、また使節団が神君とされる大権現家康が眠る日光東照宮を参拝をした。
- The envoy that came to Japan in this occasion presented to the bakufu a message written directly by the King of Korea and bronze mirrors, and visited Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine where daigongen (Great Avatar) Ieyasu, considered having been Shinkun (a god-like head of Japan), was buried.
- 専用の「温泉卵製造機」が市販されているが、保温性のある発泡スチロール容器などを利用して作ることもできる(家庭での作り方参照)。
- Specialized 'Onsen egg cookers' are available however they can be made by using a container that retains heat such as a polystyrene container (see 'How to make onsen eggs at home').
- 『焼く』という意味の単語が由来とされる、フランス語で台所や料理法を意味する『キュイジーヌ』(cuisine)とは対照的である。
- This is quite a contrast to 'cuisine' originating as a French word meaning 'roasting' and now means kitchen or cooking method.
- ローシュ・ハッシャーナーは10月5日以降にはならない(10月5日になったのは、以前1967年、次回2043年) 参照:ユダヤ暦
- Ros haSanah does not fall on October 5th and any day after it (it last fell on October 5th in 1967 and will next fall on in 2043) (see the Jewish calendar).
- 阿弥陀仏の慈悲に照らされた時、すなわち真実に目覚させられた時に、自らが何ものにも救われようがない「悪人」であると気付かされる。
- They are led to realize that they are too 'evil' to be saved when they are lit by the mercy of Amida Buddha; when they are thus awakened by the truth.
- 別格本山 観智院(京都市南区)、宝菩提院(京都市南区)、雲照寺(東京都渋谷区)、大龍寺 (神戸市)(神戸市中央区 (神戸市))
- Bekkaku-honzan (special head temple): The Kanchi-in Temple (Minami Ward, Kyoto City), the Hobodai-in Temple (Minami Ward, Kyoto City), the Unsho-ji Temple (Shibuya Ward, Tokyo Prefecture), the Tairyu-ji Temple (Chuo Ward, Kobe City)
- 大谷 光照(おおたに こうしょう、1911年(明治44年)11月1日 - 2002年(平成14年)6月14日)は日本の宗教家。
- Kosho OTANI (November 1, 1911 - June 14, 2002) was a Japanese religious figure.
- 販売する容量はおおかた2合、5合、1升(10合)(参照:日本酒単位)の三種類で、地方によってはごく稀に1合でも売られたという。
- The units of sake to be sold were mostly two goes (180 milliliters/go), five goes or one sho (10 goes/sho) (refer to units of Japanese sake), but it is said that sake of one go was sold in rare local places.
- さらには、他の首謀者(黒幕)がいたとする説も多数あり、日本史上の大きな謎のひとつとなっている(各説については変の要因を参照)。
- There are also many views that there was another ringleader (mastermind), it became one of the big questions in Japanese history. (For more information on individual views, refer to the section on 'Fact about the Incident.')
- この句が、明智光秀の謀反の決意を示すものとの解釈があるが(下記動機と首謀者に関するその他の考察の項参照)、句の解釈は種々ある。
- There is a view that interprets this line as Mitsuhide's determination of revolt (Refer to the section 'Other Considerations about Motive and Ringleader'), but there are various interpretations.
- 農林水産省にてたかね錦の乾燥種子に30Krのガンマ線を照射して突然変異を起こさせ、長野県農事試験場にて第2世代の個体選抜を実施。
- MAFF caused mutation by 30 Kr gamma irradiation of dry seed of Takane nishiki, and Nagano Agricultural Experiment Station carried out the individual selection of the second generation.
- その後、材料調達・運搬の容易さ、原野という参照項の手近さ、選定方法の確立、未成木の植栽方法の定式化によってこの方法は伝えられた。
- Later, this method succeeded because of the availability of material supply and transport, closeness of the field as a reference, the establishment of selection methods, and the formularization of cultivation of immature trees.
- 南宋代には、子淳の下から宏智正覚、真歇清了が出て、「黙照禅」と呼ばれる宗風を維持したが、その宗勢は、臨済宗には遠く及ばなかった。
- In the Southern Sung period, Wanshi Shogaku and Shinkatsu Seiryo, who were disciples of Shijun, appeared and kept the sect's tradition called 'Mokusho-Zen' (Zen which emphasizes mediation), but it had less influence than the Rinzai sect.
- 〈永寧寺塔の〉金盤日に炫(かがや)き、光は雲表に照り、宝鐸の風を含みて天外に響出するを見て、歌を詠じて実に是れ神功なりと讚歎す。
- kinbanhi ni kagayaki, hikari wa unpyo ni teri, hotaku no kaze wo fukumite tengai ni kyoshutsusuru wo mite, uta wo enjite jitsuni kore shinmyo nari to santansu.
- 梅雨の時期、特に長雨の場合は、日照時間が短いため、気温の上下(最高気温と最低気温の差、日較差)が小さく、肌寒く感じることがある。
- During the period of tsuyu, in particular in the case of long rain, as the hours of sunlight is short, the up and down of air temperature (difference between the highest and lowest air temperature in a day) is small and it is sometimes felt chilly.
- 結局のところ、見た目の美しさやスピードを重視した採点基準になってしまい、本来の姿から乖離してしまう(中国武術伝統拳と制定拳参照)。
- As a result, the criteria for point ratings tend to emphasize the showy beauty or speed but deviate from the essence of budo (see the Chinese bujutsu 'dento ken' (traditional Tai Chi) and 'seitei ken' (the new type of Tai Chi)).
- 放つ心・止める心・無の心(無我の境地、色即是空、我考える故我在り)・残す心・丹ずる心・錬る心について詳しくは弓道または弓術を参照。
- As for ho-shin, shi-shin, mu-shin (a state of mind free from delusion, shikisokuzeku - form is emptiness, matter is void, all is vanity, and I exist because I think), zan-shin, tan-shin and ren-shin, see the article of Kyudo (Japanese art of archery) or Kyujutsu (Japanese art of archery) for details.
- 駄菓子という名称は、当時の高級菓子の名称である上菓子の対照としてつけられたもので、関西地方では雑菓子(ざつがし)とも称されている。
- Dagashi was named to mark the contrast with 'jogashi', which were snacks of a higher quality, and in the Kansai area dagashi are also called 'zatsugashi' (miscellaneous confectionery).
- それに伴って灘の職人が播州に出稼ぎに出て技術を伝えたことで、品質が向上したともいわれる(ブランドの詳細などは揖保乃糸を参照せよ)。
- Accordingly, it is said that skilled workers migrated from Nada to Banshu and transferred their techniques, thereby improving the quality (refer to Ibonoito for details of brand names).
- 日本文化、あるいは日本人を特徴づけると考えられる概念を中心にした日本文化論・日本人論も多く提唱されている(日本人論の項目を参照)。
- Many theories of Japanese culture and theories of Japanese people which focus on the concept considered to give the Japanese culture or Japanese people a distinction are also proposed (refer to the section of theory of Japanese people).
- 狭義の「煎茶」とは、玉露(高級品)、番茶(低級品)の中間に位置づけられる、中級品の緑茶という意味(詳細は玉露、煎茶、番茶を参照)。
- 'Sencha' in the narrow sense refers to middle class green tea between Gyokuro (refined green tea) (high-quality tea) and Bancha (coarse tea) (low-quality tea) (in detail, see Gyokuro, Sencha, and Bancha).
- 後小松天皇や称光天皇らも中津に帰依した人物の一人であり、その死後に前者は仏智広照国師、後者は聖国師という勅命による追贈を行なった。
- Emperor Gokomatsu and Emperor Shoko also became Buddhists influenced by Chushin; after Chushin's death, Emperor Gokomatsu and Emperor Shoko issued an imperial order to honor him as Bucchi Kosho Kokushi (the most reverend priest), Shokokushi, respectively.
- 京都の場合、冷蔵技術が発達する前は若狭地方から運ばれる塩干物の塩鯖が貴重な海産物であり、この寿司が定着した(詳しくは鯖街道参照)。
- In Kyoto where salted mackerel, part of salted and dried marine products, brought from the Wakasa region was a valuable marine product before cold-storage technology was developed, this sushi was rooted (for details, refer to Saba-kaido Road (the highway used to transport fish such as 'saba' - mackerel - to Japan's ancient capital, Kyoto).
- 玉露は日本の煎茶として高級のものと考えて良いが、品評会等では一般的な煎茶とは別のものとして扱われる(煎茶の狭義と広義の説明を参照)。
- Although gyokuro may be categorized as a high-class sencha produced in Japan, it is treated separately from ordinary sencha in fairs, etc. (refer to the articles on 'sencha in the broad sense' and 'sencha in the narrow sense').
- 西洋では、古代には現在の3月ごろを年初としていた(冬には暦がなかった)が、後に冬至の時期を年初とするようになった(ローマ暦を参照)。
- In ancient times in the West, the time of year around March of the current calendar was considered as the beginning of the year (and calendar for winter didn't exist) but later on, the winter solstice was considered as the beginning of the year (referring to the Roman calendar.)
- 最中の餡は、皮種が湿気を帯びるのを避けるべく水分の含有率を下げており、その分、砂糖の量が多めとなっていることから、照りや粘りが強い。
- The bean jam in monaka includes less water in it to avoid the tane from getting wet, therefore an amount of sugar is larger, resulting in its shine and high viscosity.
- からくり人形などを見慣れていたため、日本人はロボットに対し親近感があり、ロボットに抵抗感のある欧米人とは対照的であるとする論もある。
- Some say that Japanese feel familiar with robots because they were used to seeing a karakuri ningyo and the like, in contrast to the Western people who feel antipathy to robots.
- なお諍論の前期において、最澄が『照権実鏡』で徳一の『仏性抄』を批判したのに対し、徳一の『中辺義鏡』では最澄の反論に全く答えていない。
- In the early stages of the dispute, Saicho criticized 'Bushosho' by Tokuitsu in 'Shogon-jikkyo,' but Tokuitsu did not answer at all to Saicho's critique in 'Chuhen gikyo.'
- しかし、風の強い地方では倒れにくいように、品種改良によって稈長も穂長も小さいものが次々と作られている(「地方自治体開発の酒米」参照)。
- In windy areas, however, in order to make the rice plant not as prone to falling, sakamai varieties with shorter stems and ears were developed through selective breeding, one after another (see 'Sakamai developed by the municipality').
- 静岡県では、1990年代に入るとそれらの酵母に適合する酒米の開発に力を注ぎ、1998年に県農業試験場にて山田錦へのγ線照射を行なった。
- Since the early 1990s, Shizuoka Prefecture had endeavored to develop sakamai that matches such yeasts and, in 1998, the prefectural agricultural experiment station conducted the gamma irradiation of Yamada nishiki.
- また、「淡麗辛口が優れた酒の基本条件である」かのような認識(参照:辛口ブーム)が蔓延していたころもあったが、これも正しい理解ではない。
- Once understanding that 'tanrei karakuchi (tanrei and dry) is the basic condition for excellent sake that 'prevailed (Refer to 'Karakuchi boom'), but it is not a correct understanding.
- 近年では、その大きさやつきまとうイメージの泥臭さなどが消費減退の理由だと唱える人々がおり、小型化する傾向もある(参照:日本酒の現在)。
- In recent years, some say that the size and associated image of unrefinedness are causes of decrease in consumption and there is a tendency to switch to smaller bottles. (Refer to 'Nihonshu no Genzai' - Current situation of sake)
- また遠距離を狙う場合、単に照星、照門(先目当、前目当)での照準にとどまらず、二つの照準器の間に在る小型の照準器との兼ね合いで照準した。
- When aiming at a distant target, not only a front sight and a rear sight (Saki meate, Mae meate) but also a small sight device laid between them were used.
- のちに慧日(680年 - 748年)や五会念仏の法照(? - 777年頃)らが出て、浄土教を禅宗などの諸宗と融合する傾向が強くなった。
- Later, Enichi (680-748), Hossho (? - around 777) of Goe Nenbutsu (五会念仏) and others enforced the tendency to integrate Jodo-kyo in other groups such as the Zen sect.
- これらは、現存天守現存12天守(十二現存天守)、国宝四城、重文八城(重文八天守)などと呼ばれている(詳しくは別項「現存天守」を参照)。
- These are called Genzon 12 Tenshu (Twelve Genzon Tenshu), Kokuho Yonjo (Four national-treasure castles) and Jubun Hachijo (Eight national-important-cultural property castles) (Jubun Hachi Tenshu (Eight national-important-cultural property Tenshu)) (For details, refer to the separate section, 'Genzon Tenshu').
- これらは鎌倉時代の古瀬戸の優品として指定されたが、科学的調査の結果、現代の作品であることが判明したもの(別項「永仁の壺事件」を参照)。
- Although these were designated as excellent goods of the old Seto during the Kamakura period, scientific investigations revealed that they were in fact modern pieces of work (refer to the section 'Einin no Tsubo Scandal').
- 戦国時代 (日本)、丹波国桑田郡下田の国人領主(美作守)であった下田広氏の嫡男、川勝広継(光照)のとき川勝を称したのが始まりだという。
- The clan originated during the Sengoku period (period of warring states in Japan) when Hirotsugu KAWAKATSU (Mitsuteru KAWAKATSU), the son and heir of Mimasaka no kami Hirouji SHIMODA, called himself Kawakatsu first (Hirouji had been a governor of Shimoda in Kuwata County in Tanba Province).
- こうした中で2002年7月1日、市内で局名に「ごじょう」の付く郵便局5局の表記が一斉に「五条→五條」と改訂された(五條郵便局も参照)。
- Under such circumstances, on July 1, 2002, the description of five post offices in the city containing 'Gojo' in their names was revised 'from五条 to五條' in unison (also refer to Gojo Post Office).
- 「所管区域条例」に列挙される下京区の町名は『角川日本地名大辞典』のそれとおおむね一致するが、細部には違いがある(「備考」の項を参照)。
- The town names in Shimogyo Ward listed in 'Municipal Ordinance of Jurisdiction Districts' basically match those in 'Kadokawa Nihon Chimei Daijiten,' although differing in detail. (See 'Remarks.')
- 「所管区域条例」に列挙される中京区の町名は『角川日本地名大辞典』のそれとおおむね一致するが、細部には差異がある(「備考」の項を参照)。
- The town names in Nakagyo Ward listed in 'Municipal Ordinance of Jurisdiction Districts' basically match those in 'Kadokawa Nihon Chimei Daijiten,' although differing in detail. (See 'Remarks.')
- 平安中期以降は官人らが政務処理に先例を参照するための歴史資料として『類聚国史』『日本紀略』『百錬抄』やその他各種の年代記が編纂された。
- During the middle era of the Heian period and later, government officials compiled various chronicles, including 'Ruiju Kokushi' (classified national history), 'Nihongi Ryaku' (a summary of Japanese chronologies), and 'Hyakuren sho' (history book from the Kamakura period), as the historical documents that they would refer to in conducting their political operations.
- なお、山蔭も魚名流(藤原鷲取系)であるが、四条家(藤原末茂系)とは別流であり、系譜的には直系ではない(詳細は藤原北家の各流系図を参照)。
- Since Yamakage is also affililated with the Uona Line (FUJIWARA no Washitori branch) but belongs to a school different from that of the Shijo family (FUJIWARA no Sueshige branch), Yamakage is not a direct ancestor of the Shijo family in the family tree (for further details, also refer to a family tree of each line of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan).
- 酒蔵では、18リットル入る斗瓶を使っており、消費者が販売店で見る「斗瓶囲い」といった記載表示はそれに由来する(参照:その他の記載表示)。
- Breweries use tobin which can contain 18 liters and the labeling words 'tobin kakoi,' which we see in liquor shops, came from this fact. (Refer to other indications)
- 照り焼き-多くの場合、焼き方の一種のことではなく、醤油味を基本とした「テリヤキソースを使った付け焼きグリル料理」のことをテリヤキと称する
- Teriyaki: Usually, this term does not indicate a type of roasting methods, but 'the dishes in which foodstuffs are immersed in teriyaki sauce, based on soy sauce, and then are grilled.'
- このことから、古代日本の文化は、東南アジアから中国南部にかけての地域と、一体の文化圏を築いていたという見方もある(照葉樹林文化論など)。
- From this fact, ancient Japan is considered to have formed an integral cultural sphere including southeastern Asia and southern China, which viewpoint is claimed now by 'Shoyojurin-bunkaron' (a theory of cultural sphere marked by laurel forests) and others.
- なお霞・星的を用いる通常の競技では的中の判定は「あたり」か「はずれ」のみであり、的のどこにあたろうと差はない(詳細は弓道競技方法参照)。
- In general kyudo competitions which use kasumi-mato or hoshi-mato, 'atari' (hit) and 'hazure' (miss) are the only decisions, no matter which area of the mato an arrow hits on (refer to the section of Competition in Kyudo for further details).
- その後、、皇室との関係が深かったが、室町幕府8代将軍足利義政が山荘(後の慈照寺銀閣)を建てるにあたり、相国寺付近に移されその後廃絶した。
- Since then it had maintained a close relationship with the Imperial Family, but it was forced to move to the vicinity of Sokoku-ji Temple when the eighth shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, constructed his mountain villa, which was later called Jisho-ji Ginkaku Temple, on the same site of Jodo-ji Temple, and subsequently Jodo-ji Temple was abolished.
- 父であり先代門主の勝如(大谷光照)が戦時下に青年期を過ごしたのと対照的に、光真は戦後の高度成長期を新門(門主後継者)として過ごしている。
- In contrast with Koshin's father Shonyo (Kosho OTANI), the former Monshu who spent his young adulthood during times of war, Koshin grew up during the years of high economic growth following the war as the Shinmon (successor of the Monshu).
- なお、日蓮宗不受不施派のように幕府から邪宗門として迫害された宗派や特定の藩において浄土真宗が禁じられた例(隠れ念仏を参照のこと)もある。
- There were examples in which sects like Nichiren shu Fujufuse ha (Nichiren sect's Not Receive and Not Give School) were persecuted as they were considered to be a heresy, or in which Jodo Shinshu was banned in certain domains (See Kakure Nenbutsu).
- 朝廷から本有円成、仏心、覚照、大定聖応、光徳勝妙、自性天真、放無量光の国師号が与えられ、また、明治天皇から大師 (僧)臨済宗と諡された。
- He was given such seven Kokushi-go (title for the most reverend priest) by the Imperial Court as Honyuensei, Busshin, Kakusho, Daijoshoo, Kotokushomyo, Jishotenshin and Homuryoko; the title of Daishi (Revered Master) of the Rinzai sect was also posthumously given to him by Emperor Meiji.
- 六角獄舎に捕縛されていた囚人の多くは火災が延焼することを恐れた役人により、釈放されることなく斬首されている(詳細は六角獄舎の項を参照)。
- Most prisoners in Rokkaku prison house were beheaded, instead of being released, by prison officers for fear of spreading flames (see the Rokkaku prison house for further details).
- 麹とは、蒸した米に麹菌というコウジカビの胞子をふりかけて育てたもので、米のデンプンをグルコースへ変える糖化の働きをする(詳しくは麹参照)。
- Koji is produced by sprinkling koji mold spores, namely aspergillus onto steamed rice to breed them and it works to carry out the conversion of the starch in rice into glucose, namely carries out saccharification. (For more information, refer to 'Koji.')
- この「残さず食べる」という風習は、食べ物の大切さ、命をいただいているという食べ物に対する感謝の気持ちが込められている(もったいない参照)。
- This custom to 'finish all dishes served for you' contains feelings of the people who esteem values of foods with gratitude for them that are believed to provide the people with power of life (please refer to 'Mottainai').
- 白河天皇からの信任が厚く、1099年(康和元年)権律師に任じられて以降、遍照寺 (京都市)別当・仁和寺別当・東寺長者・東寺法務を歴任した。
- He was deeply trusted by Emperor Shirakawa and after being granted the rank of Gon Risshi (generally in Shingon sect, fifteenth-ranking Buddhist priest, literally, 'supernumerary master of discipline') in 1099 and was successively appointed as betto (administrator) of Hensho-ji Temple (Kyoto City), betto (administrator) of Ninna-ji Temple, choja (head priest) of To-ji Temple and homu (director) of To-ji Temple.
- 8月10日には伝法阿闍梨位の灌頂を受け、「この世の一切を遍く照らす最上の者」を意味する遍照金剛(へんじょうこんごう)の灌頂名を与えられた。
- A kanjo ceremony for the Denpo Ajari rank was held for him on September 10, 805, awarded a kanjo name of Henjokongo meaning 'the best person who will enlighten everything in this world.'
- 模写は1940年(昭和15年)から始まり、金堂内では、当時日本では軍事用以外には使われていなかった最新機器である蛍光灯が照明として使われた。
- In the reproduction started from 1940, fluorescent lamp, which was the latest illumination at the time and only for military purposes in Japan, was used for lighting in the Kondo.
- さらには時代の流れで娯楽の多様化、各種接待の激減(料亭の項参照)による利用客の需要の少なさなど、料理屋や新潟の花柳界自体の衰退があげられる。
- Additionally, the decline of traditional Japanese restaurants and the red-light district due to the small user demand stemming from diversified means of entertainment and drastic decrease in various business entertainments (See 'Traditional Japanese Restaurants') has been mentioned.
- 本家(ほんけ)は、日本の荘園における重層的土地支配構造(荘園公領制、職の体系を参照)上、最上位に位置づけられる土地の名義上の所有権者である。
- Honke is a nominal owner of the highest-graded patches of land under the stratified land ruling structure of Japanese Shoen (refer to the Shiki system in the shoen koryo sei (The System of Public Lands and Private Estates) section).
- 三十三観音(次項参照)のうち、白衣、葉衣、水月、楊柳、阿摩提、多羅、青頸、琉璃、龍頭、持経、園光、遊戯、蓮臥、瀧見、施薬の15の変化身をいう。
- Jyugoson Kannon is the fifteen appearances of 33 Kannon (see next section), i.e. Byakue, Yoe, Suigetsu, Yoryu, Amadai, Tara, Shokyo, Ruri, Ryuzu, Jikyo, Enko, Yuge, Renga, Takimi and Seyaku.
- 「一休さんの頓知咄」については『一休咄』の項目(このページにも若干の記述あり)を、テレビアニメ『一休さん』については「一休さん」の項目を参照。
- For IKKYUU's Witty Sayings refer to the section on 'IKYUU's Sayings' (also some on this page); for the TV cartoon 'Ikkyuu-san', refer to the section on 'Ikyuu-san'.
- 大仏と大仏殿の2回目の焼失は永禄10年(1567年)、松永久秀の兵火(この時の詳しい戦いの様子は東大寺大仏殿の戦いを参照)によるものであった。
- The second destruction of the Great Buddha and the Daibutsu-den was the direct result of the war by Hisahide MATSUNAGA (for the details of the war, please refer to the battle of the Daibutsu-den of the Todai-ji temple) in 1567.
- しかしこれも身分表象としての二本差し帯刀の規制による象徴的なものに留まり(脇差参照)、農村に蓄えられた膨大な武器を消滅させるには至らなかった。
- This was no more than a symbolic policy of control over wearing two swords which represents the status (see wakizashi), and fell short of eradicating the great deal of weapons stored in the rural villages.
- そして、門徒の指導権も所領・財産も悉く蓮淳傘下の称徳寺(後の慈敬寺)に奪われてしまう事になった(享禄・天文の乱堅田本福寺破門事件参照のこと)。
- Honpuku-ji Temple was robbed of the leadership of believers, territory and fortune by Shotoku-ji Temple (later Jikei-ji Temple), which was under the control of Shonyo (refer to the Kyoroku-Tenbun War and Katata Honpuku-ji Temple Excommunication Incident).
- 米麹は、ほかにタンパク質の分解酵素も含んでおり、分解によって生じたアミノ酸やペプチドは、酵母の生育や完成した酒の風味に影響する(参照:麹造り)。
- Rice koji also contains degrading enzymes for protein and amino acids and peptides produced by degradation have an affect on the growth of yeast and the flavor of the final sake. (Refer to 'Producing koji.')
- 詩吟が、その吟詠(吟ずること)の対象とするのは、その歴史的経緯(下記参照)から主として漢詩であるが、和歌や俳句、新体詩を吟ずることも少なくない。
- Because of the historical reason (see below) the object on which shigin recites is chiefly Chinese poetry, but waka, haiku and new-style poetry are often recited.
- すなわち、18世紀にまで日本列島の里山は継続的に過剰利用の状態にあった(「はげ山」参照)のであり、「持続可能な」利用が為されていたわけではない。
- This means that until the 18th century, the Satoyamas in the Japanese archipelago had undergone constant over forestation (please refer to the section 'Hageyama' (treeless hill)), and Satoyama had not been used in a 'sustainable' manner.
- 朝鮮では日本が犯した誤りを恨みながらも建国以来の交隣政策の原則に照らし、制限された範囲内での交渉を許した(1609年(光海君2年)、己酉約条)。
- Korea, while resenting Japanese crimes, permitted the negotiations, referring to its basic policy of being friendly to neighbors, within certain limitations (according to Kiyu yakujo (Treaty in 1609)).
- 吟醸酒が日本国内の市場に流通するようになったのは1980年代以降であり、2000年代以降では日本国外でも需要が高まっている(参照:吟醸酒の誕生)。
- Distribution of ginjoshu in the domestic market of Japan has been conducted since the 1980's and, after 2000, the demand has increased even outside Japan. (Refer to 'Birth of Ginjo Sake.)
- 月照(げっしょう、1813年(文化 (元号)10年) - 1858年12月20日(安政5年11月16日 (旧暦)))は、幕末期の尊皇攘夷派の僧侶。
- Gessho (1813 - December 20, 1858) was a Sonno Joi (Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians) School Buddhist monk who lived at the end of the Edo period.
- 傳次郎の別荘であった当時は、高峰秀子・片岡千恵蔵・山田五十鈴・京マチ子といった傳次郎の共演者たちが山荘に招かれている(『大河内山荘』写真集参照)。
- His co-actors, Hideko TAKAMINE, Chiezo KATAOKA, Isuzu YAMADA, and Machiko KYO were invited to visit this place when it was his villa (refer to the photo album 'Okochi Sanso').
- 寺社の内部では政治権力による警察権は認められず(検断不入、不入の権 (日本)または守護不入を参照)、たとえ謀反人の捜査といえども例外ではなかった。
- In the internal area of temples and shrines, the police authority of political power was not admitted (refer to the articles on Kendan Funyu [refusal of criminal investigation of the Political power], Funyu no Ken [the right to keep the tax agents from entering the property] or Shugo Funyu [another name of shugoshi funyu, privilege of excluding agents of the shugo]) even in the case of the investigation of a rebel.
- しかし日本人の感覚からすると甘過ぎたり余分な香辛料が入っていたりすることが多く、「照り焼き」と”teriyaki”は違うものであると考えられている。
- For the Japanese palate, however, since such teriyaki sauces used in foreign countries often taste too sweet or too spicy, Japanese people perceive teriyaki dishes of foreign countries as different from Japanese teriyaki dishes.
- テリヤキソースには味醂、日本酒など日本独自の調味料は使用されず、 頻繁に洋酒、ニンニク、ゴマなど本来の「照り焼きのタレ」と違う原料で製造されている。
- Seasonings unique to Japanese cooking such as mirin and sake are not used in American teriyaki sauces, and instead, ingredients such as western liquors, garlic and sesame, which are uncommon in the traditional Japanese teriyaki sauce, are often used to prepare teriyaki sauces.
- 1996年、本来ガンバ大阪のホームスタジアムである万博記念競技場で1試合ホームゲームを行っている(詳細はエピソード及びJリーグの試合中止例を参照)。
- In 1996, the club played one home game in Osaka Expo '70 Stadium which is originally the home stadium for Gamba Osaka (for the details, please refer to Episode and Examples of suspension of the J. League games.)
- 本来、粋、勇猛、精悍、ダンディズム、というイメージを持つ褌を、これらとは対照的な可憐な少年少女(特に少女)が締めると、却って可憐な魅力が強調される。
- When a fundoshi loincloth that keeps essential images of chic, bravery, virility and dandyism is worn by a pretty boy or girl (especially a girl) who has a contrasting image, the fundoshi loincloth may accelerate the effect of the wearers' prettiness.
- しかし、吉宗の急死と幕府の天文方に政治力がなかったため、朝廷の陰陽頭・土御門泰邦(阿倍氏土御門家(室町~明治時代)参照)に主導権を奪われてしまった。
- However, because of the untimely sudden death of Yoshimune and the lack of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) Tenmongata's influence on the politicians inside the government, Yasukuni TSUCHIMIKADO, Onmyo no kami in Imperial Court (Onmyoryo or bureau of Divination) (see the Tsuchimikado family of the Abe clan (from the Muromachi period to the Meiji period)) took initiative in reforming a new calendar.
- 大光普照(だいこうふしょう)観音とも呼ばれ、頭上の11面のうち、前後左右の10面は菩薩修行の階位である十地を表し、最上部の仏面は仏果を表すとされる。
- It is also called Daikofusho Kannon, and it is said that the 10 faces on the front, back, left and right among the 11 faces on the head show Jicchi (ten stages) while the topmost Butsumen (the head of a Buddha) shows Buddhahood, or nirvana.
- これら2棟については日光東照宮と輪王寺のいずれに帰属する建物であるか決着がついていないため、財団法人日光社寺文化財保存会が管理団体に指定されている。
- For these two edifices, since it is not certain whether they belong to Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine or Rinno-ji Temple, the foundation Nikko Cultural Assets Association for the Preservation of Shrines and Temples is designated as the management body.
- キッコーマンの日系二世のセールスマン、タム吉永が彼の母親の調理した和食、魚の照り焼きをヒントに、肉料理に合う醤油ベースの料理法「テリヤキ」を発案した。
- A Kikkoman salesman, a second generation Japanese American, Tam YOSHINAGA, inspired by a Japanese teriyaki dish of fish which was prepared by his mother, invented the American version of soy sauce-based teriyaki cooking method that went well with meat.
- 焼き物 - 焼き魚、照り焼き、焼き鳥、蒲焼、塩焼き、幽庵焼き、八幡焼き、田楽みそ、豆腐田楽、奉書焼き・ホイル焼き、塩釜、卵焼き(だし巻き卵、薄焼き卵)
- Yakimono dishes (roasted, broiled or grilled fishes or animal meat): yaki-zakana (broiled fish), teri-yaki (meat or fish grilled with soy sauce and sugar), yaki-tori (roasted chicken meat), kaba-yaki (broiled eel or similar long slender fish), shio-yaki (broiled fish sprinkled with salt), yuan-yaki (sliced fish or chicken meat that is soaked in a specially seasoned soup for several days and is broiled or roasted), yahata-yaki, dengaku-miso (a type of miso made of miso, sugar, sake and mirin), tofu-dengaku (tofu with sweet miso sauce), hosho-yaki (fish broiled in washi), hoiru-yaki (broiled or roasted in a foil wrapper), shiogama (fish or meat that is coated wit lots of salt and is roasted in a pot), tamago-yaki (Japanese style omelets), dashimaki-tamago (rolled omelets made with soup stock), usuyaki-tamago (paper-thin omelettes)
- 松明の火の粉も飛び火の用心から川べりで行われたが、あの世である暗い彼岸から三途の川を渡ってこの世に帰ってくる川面を照らす道案内や目印の意味合いがある。
- As the event would spread sparks from the torches, it was held on a riverbank as a precaution against fire; this also acted as a landmark to guide souls to this world by lighting up the surface of the river for those who were coming back from the dark higan, or the other world, across Sanzu-no-kawa (Sanzu River).
- 時節柄、直後にはそれほど生産高は伸びなかった(参照「日本酒の歴史昭和時代以降」)が、戦後になって著しく全国へ普及し「酒米の王者」と称せられるまでになる。
- In those difficult times, the amount of production didn't increase immediately (refer to 'History of sake: Showa period and later'), but it became nationally popular after the war and came to be called the 'king of Sakamai.'
- 当日はネオンや照明灯などの灯火を自粛するよう京都市から呼びかけが行われるため、8月16日とサンガのホームゲームが重複する際は以下のような対応がとられた。
- Because Kyoto City requests cooperation to exercise self-control over lighting such as neon signs and illuminations that day, if the day on which Sanga would host a home game fell on August 16, it coped with the request as follows:
- 「魚」の漢字に「さかな」の読みが当てられるようになったのも魚類(干物が多い)が酒(さか)の肴(な)として特に好まれていたからである(魚類の項目を参照)。
- The kanji character '魚' (fish) came to be pronounced as 'sakana' because fish (mostly dried fish) was particularly preferred for dishes for alcoholic drinks (see the article on fish).
- 法廷内は、つり下げ式の照明装置やアーチ型天井など、ヨーロッパの伝統的な建築様式と、日本古来の木造建築様式とが融合した重厚で特徴的なデザインとなっている。
- The inside design of the court is stately and unusual in that a traditional European building style, using hanging lighting apparatus and an arch-style ceiling, and the age-old traditional Japanese building style, using wood materials, are integrated.
- 安永年間より前の宝暦・明和年間(1751~71年)は、越前五郷地方は天候不順がつづき、大雨による洪水や日照り続きの干ばつによって農産物は大凶作となった。
- During 1751 and 1771, Echizen go-go suffered from serious famine because of unsettled weather such as a floods from heavy rain and also a long drought.
- 江戸時代には江戸幕府により三つ葉葵とは対照的に使用は自由にされ一般庶民にも浸透しこの紋の図案を用いた和菓子や仏具等の飾り金具が作られる等各地に広まった。
- During the Edo period, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) permitted free use of the design in contrast to Mitsuba-aoi (Hollyhock with three leaves), and it spread amongst the general populace; Japanese confectionery and kazari-kanagu (decorative metal fixtures) of Buddhist alter articles with this design were made and spread throughout Japan.
- その結果三浦居留地は廃止され、通交も大幅な制限を受けることになり、宗氏は偽使の派遣や通交権の対馬集中といった活路を模索することになる(乱の顛末節参照)。
- Consequently, the settlement in Sanpo was closed and the trade was largely restricted, which made the So clan have to seek other possibilities such as the dispatch of gishi (envoys under false names who were sent to Korea in order to evade trading restrictions imposed by Korea) and the concentration of trading rights in Tsushima in order to survive (see the section of the Aftermath of the war).
- 例としては、1990年(平成2年)2月は月の後半を中心に曇雨天続きで、東京での同・月間日照時間は僅か81時間しかならず、大暖冬を象徴するかのようだった。
- As an example, in February 1990, cloudy days continues centering on the latter half of the month and total hours of sunlight was only 81 hours symbolizing quite unusually warm winter.
- 当初はアメリカ系のブドウ種の栽培が中心であったが、フィロキセラ(Phylloxera:ブドウネアブラムシ・ブドウの項参照)による荒廃により一旦は頓挫する。
- At first, cultivation of American grape varieties formed the core of Japanese wine grapes, however they experienced a setback with a Phylloxera (Viteus vitifoliae, see the article of grape) epidemic.
- 2003年9月13日の夜には、当時、18年ぶりのリーグ優勝目前の阪神タイガースファンが大文字山に登り、懐中電灯で阪神のHTマークを照らし出した騒ぎがあった。
- In the evening of September 13, 2003, with the Hanshin Tigers (one of the professional baseball teams in Japan) winning the first league title after 18 years being imminent, a group of their fans climbed Mt. Daimonji to draw the HT logo (the Hanshin Tigers logo) by using their flashlights.
- また人の味覚はその日の体調によって大きく左右されるため、「この酒は甘口だ/辛口だ」というだけの品評にはあまり意味はない(参照:日本酒度・甘辛度・アミノ酸度)。
- As sense of taste fluctuates depending on physical conditions, the comment 'This sake is sweet/dry.' does not have important meaning. (Refer to nihonshudo, amakarado and amino acid level.).
- 家紋ではないが、主に関西地方において家同士の婚姻が主だった折は、女性が嫁ぐ場合に際して、婚家から家紋女紋を持っていく例も見られる(詳細は家紋女紋の節を参照)。
- In the Kansai region, where marriage was seen as a bond between two families, a bride brought Kamon-onnamon (家紋女紋) from her family's home (for details, see the article of Kamon-onnamon).
- 日蓮正宗の葬儀で掲げられる(寺院の納骨堂に安置されている)「導師本尊」は、「天照大神」の位置に「閻魔法王」、「八幡大菩薩」の位置に「五道冥官」が書かれている。
- The 'Doshi Honzon' (principle image of priest, which is placed in a ossuary of temples) used in the Nichiren Sho Sect funeral have 'Enma Hoo' (the judge at the gate of Hell) instead of 'Amaterasu Omikami' and 'Godo Myokan' (Officers of the Hell of five posthumous worlds) instead of 'Hachiman Daibosatsu.'
- いろは順・部門別が便利であったらしく、文明16年(1484年)に成立した『温故知新書』(五十音に分けて部門別)や『下学集』などとは対照的に広く流布していった。
- Probably because the combination of the classifications in iroha order and by categories had been useful, the setsuyoshu began to circulate widely in contrast to other dictionaries, such as 'Onkochishinsho' (in which the words were classified in Japanese alphabetical order or aiueo order and subclassified by categories) published in 1484 or 'Kagaku-shu' (a Japanese dictionary made in the Muromachi period).
- この地域の業務・物販面などの第三次産業では、大阪市の都心が抜きん出ているため、同市の都心を中心とした都市圏を京阪神大都市圏と見なすこともある(→大阪を参照)。
- Since the Osaka City center surpasses others in the area in aspects of the tertiary industries such as business and merchandising, the urban area centered in the heart of Osaka is sometimes regarded as the Keihanshin Metropolitan area (refer to Osaka).
- これらの町組は、その後たび重なる変遷を経て、明治25年には計32の「学区」に組織された(明治以降の行政区画の変遷については別項「京都市下京区の町名」を参照)。
- After going through many changes, these towns were organized into a total of 32 'school districts' in 1892. (Refer to the section 'Town names of Shimogyo Ward, Kyoto City' for the history of administrative division after the Meiji period.)
- また、ペストなどの伝染病蔓延や宗教的理由による社会背景などにより、入浴が身体を害するものとみなされ、入浴という習慣が敬遠されていった(詳しくは入浴の項を参照)。
- In addition, bathing was considered to be harmful for a body due to the spread of infectious diseases, such as the plague, as well as social background including religious reasons and the practice of bathing was shied away from by people (concerning the details, refer to the item of bathing).
- 学費1,000ドルでそのコースを修了した韓国系・中国系など大勢の生徒は、アメリカ各地で寿司屋や日本料理店のシェフになるという(後述の項目「世界のスシへ」参照)。
- The New York Times said that many Korean and Chinese students who finished the course with a tuition at 1,000 dollars would be employed as chefs of sushi restaurants and Japanese restaurants across America (refer to the article below, 'The world's sushi').
- これは、特定の主題のもとに複数の吟目が組み合わされ、ナレーションやバックグラウンドミュージック、舞台照明といった演出にも工夫が凝らされる総合的な舞台芸術である。
- It is a comprehensive theatrical art where several repertoires are combined under the specific theme and the renditions such as narration, background music and stage lighting are also elaborated.
- ほんらい「楽しみ」の具であるはずの酒が、「いじめ」「虐待」「意地の張り合い」の具となっていたわけである(体育会系概説及び体育会系体育会系の不祥事も参照のこと)。
- It means that sake, which was originally a tool of 'pleasure,' turned into a tool of 'bullying,' 'abuse,' and 'ego battle' (See the sections of summary and scandals in the article of Taiikukaikei [people who belong to sports club in universities]).
- 吉野の金峰山(きんぷせん)で山岳修行を行い、また役行者に私淑して、以降途絶えていた修験道、即ち大峯山での修験道修行を復興したことで、真雅の活動と好対照とされる。
- Shobo's following activities were thought to form a marked contrast to Shinga's behavior: Shobo conducted mountain ascetic practices on Mt. Kinpu in Yoshino, and, by adoring EN no Gyoja (A semi-legendary holy man noted for his practice of mountain asceticism during the second half of the 7 century) in his heart, revived the mountaineering asceticism training in Mt. Omine, which was thought to have been abandoned after the disappearance of EN no Gyoja.
- 日明間では、日字勘合(日字号勘合)と本字勘合があり、本字勘合(百道:本字一号~百号)を日本の遣明船が明の港(寧波)に持参し、明の所有する本字勘合底簿と照合する。
- Between Japan and the Ming dynasty, Nichiji Kango or Nichijigo Kango (a tally or a trading license with the Japanese letter of nichi [日]) and Honji Kango (a tally or a trading license with the Japanese letter of hon [本]) were used; to trade, a Honji Kango (of which there were one hundred copies: Honji Nos.1 to 100) was brought by the Japanese envoy ship to the seaport in Ming (Ningbo), and compared with the Honji Kango teibo that the Ming dynasty possessed.
- 当時、新選組では病人が多い等の理由で人手が少なく、実際に捜索に当たったのは、近藤隊10人・土方隊24人の総数わずか34名だった(異説有り、出動隊士一覧を参照)。
- At the time, the Shinsen-gumi was short-handed because many members were sick, so only 34 members took part in the search - 10 in the KONDO squad and 24 in the HIJIKATA squad (There are different views on the number. cf. List of Soldiers Involved).
- 現在に伝わる伝統的な弓がここで出来上がる(詳細は構造欄参照)*記述上の初出は江戸初期だが、これまでの経緯から弓胎弓が出来上がったのは江戸に入る以前の可能性がある。
- The traditional bow that is passed on till today was created at this time (please refer to the structure column for details) *The first time it appeared in a writing was from the early Edo period, but higoyumi was probably created prior to the Edo period.
- 遍昭(へんじょう、遍照とも表記、弘仁7年(816年) - 寛平2年1月19日 (旧暦)(890年2月12日))は、平安時代前期の歌人で、六歌仙・三十六歌仙の一人。
- Henjo (born 816, died February 12, 890) was an early Heian period poet and one of the Six Poets and also one of the Thirty-six Immortal Poets.
- 揚州で元照に三論の教学を、文サイ(サイは王へんに祭)に密教と大元帥法(怨敵・逆臣の調伏、国家安泰を祈る真言密教の法)を学び、翌839年(承和6年)日本に帰国した。
- He studied the three treatises under Wenji in Yangzhou, esoteric Buddhism and Daigen Suiho (esoteric Buddhist rituals to pray for the defeat enemies and traitors as well as the security of the nation) under Bunsai before returning to Japan in the year 839.
- 懐石(かいせき)とは、本来茶道において茶会の際、会の主催者である亭主が来客をもてなす料理をいい、禅寺の古い習慣である懐石にその名を由来する(詳細は歴史の節を参照)。
- Originally, the term 'kaiseki' meant a meal served at a chakai (tea party) by the host to entertain guests, and the name is derived from an old custom of Zen temples (temples belonging to the Zen sect); for details, please refer to the history section.
- 『新撰姓氏録』によれば、この献上を行なったのは兄曽曽保利と妹曽曽保利の二人ということになっており、この二人を酒の神として祀る神社もある(参照:日本酒に関する施設)。
- According to 'Shinsen Shojiroku,' the brother and sister of Sosohori presented this and some shrines enshrine these two people as gods of liquor (see the section of institutions related with sake).
- 選曲は、歌曲を歌手別あるいは歌詞の出だし順に並べた本で、曲名の索引なども参照して、歌いたい曲に割り当てられた番号を検索し、その番号を機械に入力することにより行われる。
- To select a song, a user searches a book that includes songs listed in the order of the singer's name or the first words of the song for a number assigned to the desired song, also referring to the index of the song titles, and inputs the number into the machine.
- 本願寺第3代覚如の長男存覚の記した『存覚袖日記』には、1355年(文和4年)に当時所蔵していた願照寺の照空房から安城御影を見せてもらった時のことが詳しく記されている。
- In 'Zonkaku Sodenikki' written by Zonkaku, who was the first son of Kakunyo, and was the third head priest of Hongan-ji Temple, there is a detailed description of situations when Shokubo of Gansho-ji Temple, who owned the goei at that time, showed him the Anjo no Goei.
- 種類としてはたれみそをそのまま火を入れずに作る生たれと生たれに削った鰹節を入れて煮詰めて作る煮貫(にぬき)の2種類あった(つゆの歴史についてはめんつゆの項目を参照)。
- There were two kinds of soup broth made from Taremiso, one was called 'Nama-tare' (literally, raw soup broth) made from unheated Taremiso, and the other was called 'Ninuki' (literally, simmered soup broth) made by simmering the 'Nama-tare' with shavings of dried bonito (refer to the sentence of 'Mentsuyu' for the history of soup broth).
- しかし、実際は葬祭業者が枕飾の道具などを持ち込んだり、設置するのがほとんどなので、故人が一般信徒の場合は「南無大師遍照金剛」(御宝号)の掛け軸が掛けられることが多い。
- However, because morticians usually prepare and set up the temporary altar and other fittings at actual funerals, a hanging scroll depicting Namu Daishi Henjo Kongo (Gohogo) is usually hung if the deceased is a secular individual.
- 検注目録を別個に作らず、検注帳に一括して記載される場合もあったが、反対に検注以外の時に在地において目録との照合・訂正を行って古くなった検地帳の補完を行う場合もあった。
- There were examples in which kenchu mokuroku was incorporated into the kenchucho, but there were also examples in which kenchu mokuroku was made by the local administration separately and especially to supplement the kenchucho, which was in need of update and correction by collating with the index when the kenchu was not being carried out.
- 下鴨神社の祭神賀茂建角身命は八咫烏の化身であり、神武東征に際し太陽神天照大神とタカミムスビの令をうけ、金鵄(金色のトビ。八咫烏とも)に化身して神武天皇を先導したという。
- The enshrined deity, Kamo Taketsunumi no mikoto in Shimogamo-jinja Shrine is an incarnation of yatagarasu, and he guided the Emperor Jinmu by turning himself into a golden kite (also called yatagarasu) under the ordinance of Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) and Takamimusubi at the time of Jimmu tosei (the first generation of the Imperial family).
- 19世紀以降の唐手の使い手としては、首里では佐久川寛賀とその弟子の松村宗棍、盛島親方、油屋山城、泊では宇久嘉隆、照屋規箴、那覇では湖城以正、長浜筑登之親雲上などである。
- The following were famous toudee practitioners after the nineteenth century: in Shuri City, Kanga SAKUKAWA and his pupil Sokon MATSUMURA, Master Morishima, and Yamashiro ABURAYA; in Tomari City, Taka UKUYOSHI and Zo TERUYAKI; in Naha City, Isei KOGUSUI and 長浜筑登之親雲上.
- 造形化された時は、装身具を着けない質素な服装の如来形で、定印・説法印・施無畏印・与願印を組み合わせた九品来迎印(詳しくは印相を参照のこと)を結ぶ姿で表されることが多い。
- Generally, he has been depicted as wearing simple clothes with no accessories and shows a symbolic gesture with the fingers of Kubon Raigo-in, i.e., mudra for the nine possible levels of birth into Amida's paradise, Gokuraku (see Mudra for detail), mixed with Jo-in, i.e., samadhi mudra, Seppo-in, i.e., the exposition of the dharma mudra, Semui-in, i.e., mudra for bestowing fearlessness, and Yogan-in, i.e., wish-granting mudra.
- 18世紀後半に題経寺の本堂を修復している際に、紛失していた帝釈天の板本尊が発見され、その日が庚申だったことから、庚申の日を縁日とするという(詳しくは柴又帝釈天を参照)。
- Since the lost Ita-honzon (wooden main deity) of Taishakuten was discovered during the restoration of the main hall of Daikyo-ji Temple one Koshin Day in the latter half of the eighteenth century, Ennichi became to be held on Koshin Day (for details, see 'Shibamata Taishakuten').
- 天皇の来学に先立ち、京大吉田(本部)キャンパスでは、2,000人にのぼる学生・教職員などが正門近くの本部(時計台)前広場(画像参照)に見物(あるいは歓迎)に押しかけた。
- At Kyoto University Yoshida (headquarter) campus, two thousand students/school personnel gathered, before the arrival of the Emperor, at an open space in front of the university headquarter building (clock tower) (refer to the picture) in order to see (or welcome) the Emperor.
- が、治承・寿永の乱に嫡流であった多田行綱が源頼朝に疎まれ多田荘の所領を没収されると衰退し、以後一族の動向を伝える史料は断片的なものとなっている(多田源氏の項目も参照)。
- However, the lineage went into decline when Yukitsuna TADA, who belonged to the clan's lineage of the eldest son, was shunned and deprived of the real estate in Tada during the Jisho-Juei War by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, and thereafter the historical materials making mention of what happened to the clan became fragmentary (see the article of 'Tada-Genji').
- アユ、コイ、ニジマス、ハゼ、フナ、ワカサギなど主に淡水性の魚を、生のままあるいは素焼きした後、醤油、みりんにたっぷりの砂糖や水飴を加えた汁で「照り」が出るように煮たもの。
- After broiling mainly freshwater fish such as ayu (sweetfish), carps, gobies, crucian carps, and lake smelts without seasoning or as raw, simmer them in the soup with soy sauce, mirin (sweet cooking rice wine), and plenty of sugar and mizuame (starch syrup) to have 'teri' (glaze).
- かざしにはもともと生花、それも祭りの場で生えている草花を使用することから、樹霊との交流を得て生命力を強化しようとする一種の共感呪術<参照:金枝篇>の名残と考えられている。
- Real flowers, especially flowers and leaves growing on the festival site were originally used for Kazashi, which is regarded to be a remnant from a kind of Kyokan jujutsu (empathy magic) strengthening the life force by having interchange with the spirit of trees.
- このような、今日でいう「民間」の醸造技術者のことを酒師(さかし)といい、また酒を造り販売した店を造り酒屋(あるいは単に「酒屋」とも。区別については酒屋の項を参照)という。
- Such brewing specialists who were equivalent to modern-day 'private' brewing experts were called sakashi (which literally means 'sake master'), and stores which brewed and sold sake were called tsukuri-zakaya (which means 'sake brewer and seller,' and they were also simply called 'sakaya' (sake shop). Refer to the section of Sakaya for the difference between them).
- また、ハンバーグや鶏肉などの調理法として醤油を利用した照り焼きがしばしば用いられるが、この方法は日本のみならずアメリカ合衆国をはじめとする世界各国へと広がりを見せている。
- In addition, a cooking method known as teriyaki (grilling with soy sauce and sugar), is often used for hamburger and chicken, which has spread not only in Japan but also in various countries around the world such as the United States of America.
- 支店経済都市である仙台市の仙台駅で土産品としての地位を確立したため、全国的には「仙台市の特産品」との認識もあるが、名称の由来からも「旧仙台藩の特産品」である(→仙台参照)。
- As it achieved a considerable market position as a souvenir sold at Sendai Station in Sendai City, which was a Shiten-Keizai toshi (an economically developed city where the branch firms or subsidiary firms converge), it is regarded nationally as a 'local product in Sendai City'; however, when considering the origin of the name (see 'Sendai') it's a 'local product of the former Sendai Domain.'
- 3月12日、後夜の咒師作法の中で(13日午前1時)、咒師は蓮松明という松明に照らされながら5人の練行衆とともに南側の石段を下りて閼伽井屋(あかいや 別名・若狭井)へ向かう。
- During Shushi saho of goya on March 12 (at 1 am on March 13), being illuminated with the Taimatsu torch called Hasu taimatsu (a torch five-feet long, hasu means lotus), Shushi goes down stone stairway in the south side with five Rengyoshu and head for Akaiya (a well) (alias, Wakasai).
- 永寧寺の塔の金盤が太陽に輝き、その光が雲表を照らしているのを見て、また金の鈴が風を受けて鳴り、その響きが中天にも届くさまを見、思わず讃文を唱えて、まことに神業だと讃嘆した。
- Seeing the golden plates of the tower of Einei-ji Temple sparkle under the sun, the light shining above the clouds, and golden bells blown by wind ringing, and the sound reaching the sky, he sang words of admiration and highly praised the sight as an act of God.
- 中国の南北朝時代の南朝の作風が影響したものとする説が古くからある一方で(久野健、松原三郎などの説)、北斉・北周・隋の仏像に様式的源流を見る説(上野照夫、水野清一など)もある。
- On one hand, there is a theory (as supported by Takeshi KUNO, Saburo MATSUBARA, etc.) according to which the style of the Southern Dynasty of the Northern and Southern Dynasties in China influenced the style of this statue; on the other hand, there is a theory (as supported by Teruo UENO, Seiichi MIZUNO, etc.) according to which the roots of the style are with the Buddha statues of Northern Qi, Northern Zhou, and Sui Dynasties.
- 「一色」など一色田に由来する地名は日本各地に残されており(一色を参照)、守護大名として知られる一色氏も元は三河国吉良荘一色(現在の愛知県幡豆郡一色町)を拠点とした一族である。
- There are various Japanese place names with 'Isshiki' derived from Isshikiden (refer to Isshiki) and the Isshiki clan known as a Shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) originally came from a family based in Mikawa Province, Kira no sho Isshiki (present Isshiki Town, Hazu County, Aichi Prefecture).
- 法隆寺西院伽藍・夢殿、薬師寺東塔、東大寺(法華堂など)、唐招提寺(金堂など)、平等院鳳凰堂、中尊寺中尊寺金色堂、三十三間堂、鹿苑寺(金閣寺)、慈照寺(銀閣寺)、清水寺、日光東照宮
- Garan of Saiin (West Precinct) and Yumedono (Hall of Dreams) of Horyu-ji Temple, Yakushi-ji Toto (East Pagoda), Todai-ji Temple (Hokke-do Hall, etc.), Toshodai-ji Temple (Kondo (main building with a principal image of the temple), etc.), Hoo-do Hall (the Phoenix Pavilion) of Byodo-in Temple, Chuson-ji Temple, Chuson-ji Temple Konjiki-do (golden hall), Sanjusangendo Temple, Rokuon-ji Temple (Kinkaku-ji Temple), Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple), Kiyomizu-dera Temple, and Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine
- なお、叡尊の行動は通説では旧仏教内部からの改革運動と位置づけられているが、近年ではこれを真言宗・律宗の枠を超えた新宗派であるとして鎌倉新仏教の1つと見る説もある(鎌倉仏教参照)。
- Besides, although Eison's activities are generally seen as a reform movement inside old Buddhism, recently there is a theory that it was a new sect beyond the frames of the Shingon sect and the Risshu sect and one of the new Kamakura Buddhism (See the article of Kamakura Buddhism).
- 相国寺および臨済宗相国寺派に属する鹿苑寺(金閣寺)や慈照寺(銀閣寺)などが所有する墨蹟・絵画・工芸品等の文化財(国宝 5点と国の重要文化財 136点を含む)を収蔵・展示している。
- It stores and exhibits Cultural Properties (five National Treasures and 136 National Important Cultural Properties) including writings, paintings, and handicrafts owned by Shokoku-ji Temple, Rokuon-ji Temple (Kinkaku-ji Temple) and Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple) that are affiliated with the Shokoku-ji School of the Rinzai Zen sect.
- 十三宗以外の宗、十三宗もしくは他の宗から分離・独立した宗、五十六派もしくはそれ以外の派、比較的近年に成立した仏教系の新宗教もしくは新興宗教については、それぞれの項を参照されたし。
- For sects other than the thirteen sects, those which split and became independent from the thirteen sects or other sects, the fifty-six schools or other schools, and relatively recent new religions derived from Buddhism, refer to the respective articles.
- 小槻孝亮の日記「孝亮宿祢日次記」には、天海が寛永9年(1632年)4月17日に日光東照宮薬師堂法華経万部供養の導師を行った記事があるが、天海はこの時97歳(数え年)であったという。
- In the diary 'Kosuke Sukune no Hinami-ki' by Kosuke OZUKI, there is an article that Tenkai was a doshi (ceremony leader) of Hokke-kyo Sutra Manbu Kuyo in Yakushido Hall of Nikko Toshogu Shrine on June 4, 1632, and he was 97 years old (age by the traditional Japanese system) at that time.
- ただし、伊勢神宮の場合、皇大神宮の祭神天照大神、豊受大神宮の祭神トヨウケビメとともに主祭神が女神であるのにもかかわらず、内宮では千木・鰹木が内削ぎ・10本、外宮は外削ぎ・9本である。
- However, at Ise-jingu shrine, the main god of Kotai-jingu Shrine and Toyouke Dai-jingu Shrine are female, Amaterasu Omikami and Toyoukebime, respectively, but the chigi is cut in the uchisogi style and the number of katsuogi is ten for the inner shrine, and the chigi is cut in the sotosogi style and the number of katsuogi is nine for the outer shrine.
- 大日如来を表す智拳印を結ぶ点については、本地垂迹において天照大神と同一視された大日如来の印相を結ぶことによって、即位する天皇が大日如来と同一化し、至高な存在となる意味があるとされる。
- Performing Chiken-in representing Kongokai Dainichi Nyorai is said to have a meaning that to perform the mudra of Dainichi Nyorai who was identical with Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) in Honji-suijaku (theory of original reality and manifested traces), the emperor to be enthroned was identified with Dainichi Nyorai and becomes a supreme existence.
- これは、高校年代の生徒が勉学は立命館宇治高校で、サッカーの練習はサンガタウン城陽の育成組織専用の人工芝グラウンド(照明完備)で行い、京都サンガF.C.が建設した寮で生活するというもの。
- According to the plan, students of the senior high school generation study at Ritsumeikan Uji High School, practice football on the artificial grass ground (lighting fully-equipped) dedicated to the nurturing organization in Sanga Town Joyo, and live in a dormitory built by Kyoto Sanga F.C.
- 松隠堂に退隠後、82才を迎えた寛文13年(1673年)正月、隠元は死を予知し身辺を整理し始め、3月になり、体調がますます衰え、4月2日には後水尾法皇から「大光普照国師」号が特諡された。
- After retiring in Shoin-do hall, at eighty-two years old in February, 1673, he began putting his affairs in order in contemplation of his death, his health deteriorated rapidly in April, and he was given 'Daiko-fusho kokushi,' a posthumous Buddhist name, by Emperor Gomizunoo on May 18.
- なお、全日本学生弓道連盟(全学連)は全日本弓道連盟の傘下には属さない独立の組織であり、全学連および傘下の各地区連盟による各種試合は以下とは異なる点もある(詳細は全日本学生弓道連盟参照)。
- Meanwhile, the Kyudo Federation of Students Association (Zengakuren) is an independent organization that is not affiliated with the All Nippon Kyudo Federation, and the matches arranged by Zengakuren and their affiliated local federations may be different from the below (refer to the Kyudo Federation of Students Association for details).
- 欧米では映画の中に挿入されるセリフや背景解説のショット(図を参照)と伴奏音楽によって上映されていたが、日本では言語や文化背景の相違も影響し、上映する際には口頭で説明することが求められた。
- In Europe and America, movies had the shots of lines and background briefings shown on screen (see image) and also had musical accompaniment, but in Japan, language, cultural background and other factors different from the West meant that simultaneous narration was demanded.
- 道昭(どうしょう、道照とも。舒明天皇元年(629年)- 文武天皇4年3月10日 (旧暦)(700年4月3日))は、河内国(現・大阪府)丹比郡船連(ふねのむらじ)出身の法相宗の僧侶である。
- Dosho (629 - April 3, 700) was a priest of the Hosso sect and he was born at Funenomuraji, Tajihi County, Kawachi Province (present Osaka Prefecture).
- 京では、紙漉きそのものが、律令体制の緩みによる原料の調達難から衰退したのとは対照的に、紙の加工技術で高度な技術を開発して、和紙の加工技術センターとして重要な地位を占めるようになっていく。
- In contrast to the decline of paper making because of the difficulty of procuring raw materials caused by the weakening of the administration, Kyoto occupied an important position as the center for paper processing techniques by developing advanced technical skills for processing paper.
- この時代の薩摩琵琶の歌のひとつである『蓬莱山』に現在知られるものと同じ歌詞のものが見られ、よって現在の「君が代」は、明治期に薩摩人がここから採ったものとする説が有力である(次節も参照)。
- In 'Horaisan' which is a song for Satsuma biwa (Satsuma lute) in such period, there is a song that has the same words as the present Kimigayo and therefore the view that the words of the present 'Kimigayo' was taken from this song by a person from Satsuma during the Meiji Period is prevailing (refer to the following section).
- その伝来としては、臨済宗の開祖となる栄西禅が1191年中国から帰国の折に茶種と作法を持ち帰り、その飲み方などが日本に広まったという説が有名である(詳しくは茶道茶道の歴史の項を参照のこと)。
- As for introduction of macha-ho method to Japan, it is popularly accepted that Eisai Zenji (the great Zen teacher Eisai), the originator of Rinzai-shu denomination (Rinzai-shu sect), brought back with him from China in 1191 several kinds of tea along with the manners on how to drink them, which subsequently spread in Japan (for details, please refer to the section on Sado, History of Sado)
- 1643年(寛永20年)に天海が没するとその法をついで東叡山寛永寺に住し、天台宗の総本山である比叡山・徳川家康を祀る日光東照宮のある日光山を管理下に置いて天台宗一宗を管領するようになった。
- Upon the passing of Tenkai in 1643, Kokai, residing at Kanei-ji Temple on Mt. Toei, carried on Tenkai's dharma and by placing under his control Mt. Hiei the Grand Head Temple of the Tendai Sect as well as Mt. Nikko where the Nikko Toshogu Shrine dedicated to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was located, took the helm of the entire Tendai Sect.
- 広義の温泉(法的に定義される温泉):日本の温泉法の定義では、必ずしも水の温度が高くなくても、普通の水とは異なる天然の特殊な水(鉱水)や火山ガスが湧出する場合に温泉とされる(温泉の定義参照)。
- Hot spring in the broad sense (hot springs defined by the law: In order to be defined as hot springs, according to the Japanese Hot Spring Law, water in question is not necessarily required to be hot so long as it is natural and special water that is different from normal water (mineral water) or it gushes out together with volcanic gas (refer to the definition of hot springs).
- 義真から天台教学を学び、義真の没後は義真に代わって後にいう天台座主を私に襲うも宗徒の反対にあい、大和国室生山寺に住し、いわゆる「室生天台」を現出させた「円修」とは別人(逵日出典の著作参照)。
- He is not the same 'Shuen' who studied the Tendai Sect teachings under Gishin before declaring himself Tendai Zasu (Chief Tendai Sect Abbot) after his master's death in the face of opposition from sect followers, reside at Murosan-ji Temple in Yamato Province, and give rise to so-called 'Muro Tendai' (refer to the works of Hidenori TSUJI).
- 止利式の仏像は正面観照性が強く、側面感がほとんど考慮されていない点、左右相称性が強く、図式的な衣文表現などに特色があるが、百済観音像では側面感はより自然になり、立体的な人体把握が進んでいる。
- Buddha statues of Tori-Shiki have a significant level of contemplation from the front, with little consideration given to the lateral side; as such, the statues are strongly symmetrical, and while there are unique features with the diagrammatic expression of clothes and the like, the lateral side of Kudara Kannon statue is more natural, with further understanding of the form of the human body.
- 右側に多宝如来・上行菩薩・無辺行菩薩・文殊菩薩・薬王菩薩・舎利弗・大梵天王・第六天魔王・大日天王・鬼子母神・轉輪聖王・阿修羅王・提婆達多・龍樹菩薩・天台大師・天照大神・不動明王等を配置する。
- There are Taho Nyorai (prabhuta-ratnam in Sanskrit), Jogyo Bosatsu (Superior Practice Bodhisattva), Muhengyo Bosatsu (Limitless Practice Bodhisattva), Monju Bosatsu, Yakuo Bosatsu, Sharihotsu (One of Shakyamuni Buddha's ten major disciples, known as foremost in wisdom), Daibonteno (a king of the First Meditation Heaven in the world of form where King Mahabrahma lives), Dairokuten Mao (Big Number Six Heavenly Deity), Dainichiten-o (literally, a king of Great Sun heaven), Kishimojin (Goddess of Children), Tenrinjo-o (literally, Wheel-turning-holy-king), Ashura-o (Ashura King), Devadatta, Ryuju Bosatsu (literally, Dragon Tree Bodhisattva), Tendai Daishi, Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) and Fudo Myoo (Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings) located on the right.
- 寛永18年には修学院に草庵(円照寺)を営むが文智は京から離れることを望み、正保2年5月には近江国永源寺に移り、1656年(明暦2年)には大和国添上郡八島村(奈良県奈良市)に草庵を結んで隠棲した。
- Bunchi built a thatched hut (Ensho-ji Temple) at Shugakuin Imperial Villa in 1641 but she wished to leave Kyoto, and moved to Eigen-ji Temple in Omi Province in May of 1645 before building a thatched hut in Hashima-mura (now in Nara City, Nara Prefecture), Soekami-gun, Yamato Province in 1656 where she retired.
- 日本の阿弥陀浄土信仰の起源は、最後の遣唐使でもある天台宗の円仁(794年 - 864年)が唐から帰朝し、修行元の五台山で行われていた法照流の念仏を延暦寺に伝え、常行三昧堂を建てたのが最初といえる。
- The origins of Japanese Amitabha Jodo worship started when the last Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China, Ennin (794 – 864) of the Tendai Sect came back from Tang and brought Hosho school Nenbutsu of his training place, Mt. Wutai Shan, to Enryaku-ji Temple and built the Jogyo Zanmai-do Hall.
- 蹴上からは北に向かう疏水分線が別れており、南禅寺の境内を水路閣でまたぎ、法然院・慈照寺(銀閣寺)西方を通り北進し、その後700mほど今出川通と並走したのち、再び北進し、松ヶ崎浄水場へと流れていく。
- Sosuibunsen Canal branches out to the north from Keage, runs through Suirokaku (a high-rise waterway structure) over the precinct of Nanzen-ji Temple, goes north along the west side of Honen-in and Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple), runs 700 m parallel to Imadegawa-dori, and goes north again to Matsugasaki Purification Plant.
- また伴信友が天保8年(1837年)に著した『神社思考』では、世の一宮記に書かれている神々は全て『延喜式神名帳』に載っていると記しており、伴信友も『大日本国一宮記』系統の本を参照していたと思われる。
- Besides, 'Jinja Shiko' by Nobutomo BAN (1837) says 'Engi-shiki Jinmyocho had already listed all the gods which current Ichinomiya-Ki mention', so Ban seems to have had some Ichinomiya-ki which had been copied after 'Dainihonkoku Ichinomiya-Ki'.
- 以前は専用練習場も照明設備も無く、選手は近隣の太陽が丘などを使用していたので、柱谷元監督がサンフレッチェ広島のユースチームと地元高校の連携を例に挙げて育成組織の改善をクラブ幹部に熱意を持って訴えた。
- As there used to be neither a private training ground nor lighting facilities, and the players used to use the nearby Taiyogaoka or other grounds for training, the former manager HASHIRATANI appealed eagerly to the executives of the club to improve the cultivation organization by giving the example of the Sanfrecce Hiroshima youth team cooperating with a local senior high school.
- 機械製麺の発祥地で、真崎照郷が1874年(明治7年)素麺の製麺を手延べから機械化する事を思い立ち鉄工場を始め、1883年(明治16年)に製麺機を発明(1880年(明治13年)発明との話もある)した。
- This is the birthplace of machine production, where Terusato MASAKI established an iron shop in 1874 conceiving the mechanization of noodles from the hand-stretching method and invented a noodle making machine in 1883 (another theory says 1880).
- 矜羯羅童子は童顔で、合掌して一心に不動明王を見上げる姿に表わされるものが多く、制多迦童子は対照的に、金剛杵(こんごうしょ)と金剛棒(いずれも武器)を手にしていたずら小僧のように表現されたものが多い。
- Many kongara-doji are shown as baby-faced figures that stare toward Fudo Myoo intently with hands clasped in prayer, while on the contrary many Seitaka-doji are shown as naughty boys with kongosho (vajra club) and kongo-bo (both are weapons) in their hands.
- 本来のインドラ神は、阿修羅とも戦闘したという武勇の神であったが、仏教に取り入れられ、成道前から釈迦を助け、またその説法を聴聞したことで、梵天と並んで仏教の二大護法善神となった(インドラの項を参照)。
- Originally, Indra was a war god that fought with Ashura, but it became one of the two good major deities of Buddhism with Bonten after it was incorporated to Buddhism, and it was considered to have helped Shaka before gaining enlightenment and hearing its preaching (see the article on Indra).
- 唯一の根本的治療である減感作療法(治療の項を参照)に関しては、以前より保険での評価が低いことが普及を妨げているひとつの原因と指摘されていながら、これについても医療行政はなんらのてだてを打っていない。
- Regarding the desensitization therapy - the only effective fundamental therapy (refer to 'Treatment'), the health service also hasn't taken any action although its low assessment by the insurance industry has been identified as a factor inhibiting the widespread use of this therapy.
- しかし、大韓民国ではいまだに「王桜=ソメイヨシノ」説を唱え(韓国起源説参照)、王桜の自生地にソメイヨシノを植林する活動が積極的に進められており、逆に韓国の在来種であるはずの王桜の絶滅が心配されている。
- However, in the Republic of Korea there are still activities that advocate the theory that 'Osakura equals Someiyoshino' and therefore plant Someiyoshino in places where Osakura naturally grow, and in fact the extinction of Osakura--a species native to Korea--is feared.
- 菊池契月― 『赤童子』1926、『経政』1926、『敦盛』1927、『南波照間』1928、『少女』1932、『友禅の少女』1933、『散策』1934、『交歓』1938、『小楠公弟兄』1943、『供燈』
- Keigetsu KIKUCHI, 'Akadoji' (赤童子) (A Child with a Red Face) 1926, 'Keisei' (経政) 1926, 'Atsumori' (敦盛) 1927, 'Paipatiroma' (南波照間) 1928, 'Shojo' (少女) (A Girl) 1932, 'Yuzen no Shojo' (友禅の少女) (A Girl in Yuzen Kimono) 1933, 'Sansaku' (散策) (A Walk) 1934, 'Kokan' (交歓) 1938, 'Shonanko Ototoe' (小楠公弟兄) 1943, 'Kuto' (供燈)
- 御庭番は忍者と同様に思われがちだが、誤りであり八代将軍・徳川吉宗が紀州から連れて来た薬込役を伊賀者と同格に格付けしただけに過ぎず、彼ら御庭番は忍者とはかかわりがない(詳しくは御庭番の項を参照されたい)。
- Oniwaban (the shogunate's guard of the inner garden) is often considered to be same as ninja, but it is a misunderstanding, actually Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, the eighth shogun just classified Kusurigomeyaku (the predecessor of oniwaban) whom he brought from Kishu Province into the same rank with Igamono, oniwaban is not related to ninja (for details, refer to the section of Oniwaban).
- 天文 (元号)10年(1541年)、尼子晴久率いる尼子軍が毛利氏の本拠である吉田郡山城を30,000の兵で攻めたものの、毛利軍の3,000の兵と大内軍の援軍によって撃退された(吉田郡山城の戦いを参照)。
- In 1541, the Amago army under the command of Haruhisa AMAGO attacked Yoshida Koriyama-jo Castle, the base of the Mori clan, with 30,000 men; however, he was repelled by the 3,000 strong Mori army with reinforcements from the Ouchi clan (See Siege of Koriyama)
- また、開発途上国は先進国側の率先した削減や技術移転・資金援助などを求めているが、自国の削減目標設定などにおいては、累積排出量の多さ(右グラフ参照)などを指摘し「温暖化は先進国の責任」との反発を見せている。
- And developing countries ask for the reduction led by the side of developed countries, technology transfer, financing help and so on, but in the setting of reduction target of their own countries, they point out a large size of accumulated emission amounts (see the right graph), then oppose to the developed countries, saying 'developed countries are responsible for global warming.'
- 日本の領主の封建制は「税の徴収権」に過ぎず(参照→職の体系)、つまり西欧に見られるような領地の私有と領民への農奴としての隷属的支配権は存在しなかったので、本当の意味の封建制は存在しなかったとする説もある。
- There is a view that the Hoken system in its true sense did not exist in Japan, because the Hoken system of feudal lords was just 'the right to collect taxes' (see Shiki system), and there was no private ownership of land and rights of control over the people as serfs in the domain, which were commonly seen in the West.
- 当時大乗戒は俗人の戒とされ、僧侶の戒律とは考えられておらず(現在でもスリランカ上座部など南方仏教では大乗戒は戒律として認められていない)、南都の学僧が反論したことは当時の常識に照らして妥当なものと言えよう。
- As Daijokai was deemed at that time as commandments for secular people, not for Buddhist monks (even at present, Daijokai is not recognized as Buddhist precepts under Theravada Buddhism, such as Sri Lanka Theravada Buddhism), the refutation by Nanto (Nara) priests might be reasonable in light of the common sense that then prevailed.
- こういった重要権限の「中央集権」化は総本山の指揮統制を離れる「単立本山」の成立を許さない姿勢の表れであり、地元の住職が独自に文字曼荼羅本尊を書写し親しい信徒に下賜することもある身延系の日蓮宗とは対照的である。
- These 'centralization' of important powers shows the prohibition of 'independent honzan' beyond the control of sohonzan, in contrast to the Minobu schools of Nichiren Sect, where the local chief priest himself makes a written copy of the principle image of Monji Mandala (mandala depicted Buddha in Chinese characters, scriptures, and so on) and gives away copies to his close believers.
- 道具では、弓道もアーチェリーも本質的には同じであるが、アーチェリーの弓には(競技種目にもよるが)多数の補助具(スタビライザー、サイト(照準器)、クリッカーなど)を付けるのに対し、和弓は基本的に弓と弦だけである。
- In terms of tools, Kyudo and archery are essentially the same, but while in archery many supplementary tools (stabilizer, sight (sighting device), clicker, etc.) are attached to the bow (depending on the athletic event), the Japanese bow is basically a bow and string.
- 「目当てがある」は、心積もりがあるという意味で用いられ、照準を合わせることで的に当たる期待、獲物に当たる期待が生じることから、期待できる状態を(目当てがある)(あてがある)と称する使われ方にひろがったと思われる。
- The expression 'meate ga aru' is used to mean that you have an end or intention because fixing your sights gives rise to the expectation of hitting the target or prey, and the state of expectation is called 'meate ga aru' or 'ate ga aru'' and such uses are thought to have spread.
- 理由として、食品衛生法で定められた高温・高圧での殺菌を行う(ただし、特性上完全な殺滅は困難。詳細は缶コーヒーの成分の節参照)ため、スチール缶が強度的な面から多用される状況、と全国清涼飲料工業会は見解を示している。
- As the Japan Soft Drink Association explains, sterilization should be conducted under the high temperature and humidity conditions required by the Food Sanitation Act (perfect sterilization is difficult, however; for details, refer to the section on ingredients for canned coffee) so, due to their strength, steel cans are used in large quantities.
- したがって、これら日蓮の遺訓を汲む法華系宗派や教団では、罰は現前として存在し、法華経あるいは南無妙法蓮華経を誹謗する者と、讃嘆する者との賞罰は、法華経の経文に示される道理で、現証に照らして明白如実に顕れるとする。
- Therefore, the schools of Hokke Sect line and religious groups which intend to succeed these Nichiren's words insist that the punishments exist at present and the reward and punishment for the person who libels the Hoke-kyo Sutra or Namu Myoho Renge-kyo Sutra and the person who admires it will be shown clearly in accordance with the logic in the Hoke-kyo Sutra.
- 一方、東日本は藩の規模が大きかったため、(急傾斜)棚田をつくる経済的インセンティブが働かず、棚田はあまりつくられないか、つくられた場合でも畔や土手は傾斜が緩やかな土盛りとなり、西日本とは対照的な棚田風景となった。
- On the other hand, there was little economic incentive for making Tanada (on a steep slope) in eastern Japan where most domains were large, so they rarely made Tanada, and when they did, dikes and mounds were mild land elevations and the sights of Tanada were quite different from those in western Japan.
- 統計的に見て、赤道付近の太平洋中部~東部にかけて海水温が上昇・西部で低下するエルニーニョ現象が発生したときは、日本各地で梅雨入り・梅雨明け共に遅くなる傾向にあり、降水量は平年並み、日照時間は多めとなる傾向にある。
- From a statistical point of view, if El Nino in which the temperature of sea water increases in the middle and east Pacific Ocean and decreases in the west Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of the equator occurs, there is a tendency tsuyuiri and tsuyuake in Japan delay and the amount of rainfall stays as usual and the hours of sunlight increases.
- 現代では漫画などで「泥棒が盗品を風呂敷に包んで背負う姿」などに描かれている「唐草模様」(当ページの写真参照)も元来吉祥文様であって、めでたいもののひとつであり、犯罪に関連するものでは全くなかったことに留意すべきである。
- The 'arabesque pattern' (see the photograph on this page) which can be seen presently on cartoons and so on depicting a 'thief who shoulders stolen goods wrapped in arabesque-pattern Furoshiki,' is originally an auspicious omens motif and it should be kept in mind that the pattern has nothing to do with criminal offenses.
- そして幕府は、寺領を将軍の寺に対する供養とし、道を歩いて水を飲むのも国主の供養であるという「土水供養論」を展開し不受不施派に対し寺請(寺請制度参照)も認めない(不受不施派寺請禁止令)など、禁制宗派とした(1665年)。
- Bakufu then banned the Fujufuse School (in 1665), including a ban on terauke (to register with a temple in order to prove their Buddhist faith) (refer to the column on the terauke system) (the ban on terauke by the Fujufuse School), based on 'Tsuchimizu Kuyo-ron' (土水供養論) in which bakufu asserted that the temple's estate was the shogun's offering to a temple and drinking water while walking on a road was also the shogun's offering.
- その他、1988年(昭和63年)、1991年(平成3年)、1992年(平成4年)、1995年(平成7年)、1999年(平成11年)と3月が比較的長いこと曇雨天が持続した影響で、月間日照時間は北日本除いてかなり少なかった。
- In 1988, 1991, 1992, 1995, and 1999 also, cloudy or rainy days continued rather long in March, hours of sunlight in the month was short excluding north Japan.
- 使用する味噌は各家庭によりまちまちだが、地域レベルで見ると相対的に赤味噌が好まれる地域・白味噌が好まれる地域などにブロック化することができ、それがそのままその地域の代表的な味噌の銘柄にもなっていることも多い(味噌を参照)。
- It depends upon each family which miso to use, but looking according to areas there are red miso areas and white miso areas, which have determined the major miso brands by each area (refer to Miso).
- 一部には、靖国神社や護国神社、大宰府天満宮、日光東照宮、湊川神社などといった、天津神や国津神などではなくもともと天皇の臣下であった臣民(人間)を祭神とする神社に関しては、親拝ではなく単に行幸と呼ぶべきであるとの意見もある。
- Some people maintain that emperors' visits to the shrines such as the Yasukuni-jinja Shrine, the Gokoku-jinja shrine, the Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine, the Nikko Toshogu Shrine and the Minatogawa-jinja Shrine which embrace as enshrined deities the subjects (human beings) originally under the emperors unlike Amatsu-kami (heavenly gods) or Kunitsu-kami (god of the land) should be called simply gyoko (emperors' visit) instead of shinpai.
- しかし明治27年に勃発した日清戦争を契機に大阪は「東洋のマンチェスター」と呼ばれる日本最大の商工業都市に発展し、神戸は東洋最大の港湾都市へ飛躍するなど、再び日本における文化・経済の中心地となった(阪神間モダニズムも参照)。
- However, through the Sino-Japanese War which broke out in 1894, Osaka developed into the largest industrial and commercial city in Japan, called the 'Manchester of the East,' while Kobe had rapidly progressed to become the largest port city in the East, causing the cities to once more be the center of culture and economy in Japan (also refer to the Hanshin-kan Modernism).
- 中国唐を代表する『欧陽詢九成宮醴泉銘』・『虞世南孔子廟堂碑』・『チョ遂良雁塔聖教序』などの作品は、行頭・行末を揃え、左右の文字の位置を揃え、行をまっすぐに書いており、上述の「散らし書き」といかに対照的な書字法であるかが分かる。
- In works representative of Tang dynasty period China, such as Ouyang Xun's 'Jiu Cheng Gong Li Quan Ming,' Yu Shinan's 'Kong Zi Miao Tang Bei,' and Chu Suiliang's 'Yan Ta Sheng Jiao Xu,' the start and end points of the lines and their position left and right are always aligned and the lines are written straight, in contrast to the uneven 'chirashi-gaki' style described above.
- そのため、安閑天皇・宣化天皇を擁立する勢力と、異母弟の欽明天皇を奉ずる勢力の間で朝廷が分裂しており、書紀がその事実を隠蔽するために年代をずらしたとの林屋辰三郎らによる説(二朝並立説)まで登場した(→詳細は欽明天皇の項を参照)。
- As a result, Tatsusaburo HAYASHIYA and others even insisted a theory that Shoki modified the year in order to hide the fact that the Imperial Court was split into a group which supported the Emperor Ankan and the Emperor Senka and another which supported their younger half brother Emperor Kinmei (a theory of collateral two Imperial Courts) (For details, refer to the article on the Emperor Kinmei).
- 南北朝時代 (日本)以降、戦陣において歩射が一般化すると、戦国時代初期には歩射弓術を基礎とする日置流が発生し、矢を遠くへ飛ばす繰矢・尋矢(くりや、遠矢とも)、速射をする指矢(さしや、数矢とも)など様々な技法が発展した(五射参照)。
- Since the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) when Busha was generalized in battle, the Heki school based on the Kyujutsu of Busha, was founded in early Sengoku Period and various techniques such as Kuriya (繰矢・尋矢, 遠矢) to release arrow from far away and Sashiya (指矢, 数矢) of Sokusha (quick shooting) were developed (see Gosha).
- また、同じく中部~東部で海水温が低下・西部で上昇するラニーニャ現象が発生したときは、沖縄で梅雨入りが遅めになるのを除き、日本の一部で梅雨入り・梅雨明けともに早くなる傾向にあり、降水量は一部を除き多め、日照時間はやや少なめとなる傾向にある。
- If La Nina in which the temperature of sea water decreases in the middle and east Pacific Ocean and increases in the west Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of the equator occurs, there is a tendency tsuyuiri and tsuyuake in certain part of Japan come earlier than usual except Okinawa where tsuyuiri is delayed and the amount of rainfall increases excluding certain part and the hours of sunlight decreases.
- 「アルコール添加」または略して「アル添(アルてん)」という語感から、工業的に何か不純な添加物を加えるかのようなイメージをもたれることが多い(参照:当記事内『美味しんぼ』)が、古くは江戸時代の柱焼酎という技法にさかのぼる、伝統的な工程のひとつである。
- From the impression of the term 'adding alcohol' or 'aruten' in short form, it gives often an impression that certain impurity is added industrially (Refer to 'Oishinbo' in this article.), but it is a traditional process that goes back to hashira-shochu during the Edo period.
- 一度見聞すればすべてを理解してしまった、という秀才ぶりで、そうしたことからか、建久9年(1198年)法然の『選択本願念仏集』の撰述にあたっては、引用文との照らし合わせという勘文の重要な役にあたり、翌年師法然に代わって九条兼実邸で『選択集』を講じた。
- He was known as a bright person who could understand everything once he saw or heard it, and in 1198 he played an important role in checking citations, called Kanmon, in compiling Honen's 'Senchaku Hongan Nenbutsu-shu' (the holy writings of the Jodo Sect) and in the following year, he gave a lecture on 'Senchaku-shu' at Kanezane KUJO's residence in place of Honen.
- 射距離によって標的のどの部分を狙うか、伝書に図入りで示され、目的に応じた各種の「射撃姿勢」が描かれ,各据銃姿勢による体の各部位の力の配分や、息遣い、また、「寒夜聞霜(照準時の心持として寒夜に霜を聞くことができるような精神統一)」等を名言として伝えた。
- In the book of secrets, which part of the target to be aimed at in different shooting ranges is shown with illustrations; various 'shooting postures' for different purposes, how to distribute power of each part of the body in each shooting posture, and how to take a breath are also described; the desirable state of mind at sighting a target is expressed with a skillful metaphor as Kanya bunso (mental concentration that one can even sense the frosts coming in a winter night).
- 本願寺聖人伝絵には、「吉水入室」の後に「六角告命」の順になっているが、『恵信尼消息』には、「法然上人にあひまゐらせて、また六角堂に百日篭らせたまひて候ひけるやうに、また百か日、降るにも照るにも、いかなるたいふ(大事)にも、まゐりてありしに、…」とある。
- In the illustrated biography of Shinran called Hongan-ji Sho'nin Denne, the painting of 'Entering Yoshimizu Temple' is followed by that of 'The Oracle at Rokkakudo', but the book of 'Eshinni shosoku' says, 'Shinran made ceaseless visits to the master Honen for 100 days, and it was just like his seclusion at the Rokkakudo, which lasted for 100 days,....'
- 『源氏物語』の「絵合(えあわせ)」の巻などを参照すると、日本では平安時代前期~中期にも多くの物語絵が制作されたことが推測されるが、9世紀~11世紀までの絵巻物作品の現存するものは皆無であり、この間、絵巻物の画風がどのような発展過程を経たのかは定かでない。
- According to such descriptions written in a volume captioned 'Eawase' (picture contest) in 'Genji Monogatari,' many scrolls of illustrated tales may be assumed to have been produced during the beginning and middle Heian period in Japan, but since none of such scrolls are now existing that were produced between the 9th and 11th centuries, we are unable to trace clearly how the styles of illustrated scrolls, of that period, had developed.
- 観龍寺(岡山県倉敷市)、遍照院(倉敷市)(岡山県倉敷市)、箸蔵寺(徳島県三好市)、国分寺(香川県高松市)、聖通寺(香川県宇多津町)、白峰寺(香川県坂出市)、不動護国寺(香川県三豊市)、出石寺(愛媛県大洲市)、海南寺(愛媛県今治市)、鎮国寺(福岡県宗像市)
- Kanryu-ji Temple (Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture); Henjo-in Temple (Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture); Hashikura-ji Temple (Miyoshi City, Tokushima Prefecture); Kokubun-ji Temple (Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture); Shotsu-ji Temple (Utazu-cho, Kagawa Prefecture); Hakuho-ji Temple (Sakaide City, Kagawa Prefecture); Fudogokoku-ji Temple (Mitoyo City, Kagawa Prefecture); Shusseki-ji Temple (Ozu City, Ehime Prefecture); Kainan-ji Temple (Imabari City, Ehime Prefecture); Chinkoku-ji Temple (Munakata City, Fukuoka Prefecture);
- 天海が2代将軍となった徳川秀忠の諮問に対し、明神は豊国大明神として豊臣秀吉に対して送られた神号であり、その後の豊臣氏滅亡を考えると不吉であると提言したことで、家康の神号は「東照大権現」と決定され、家康の遺体を久能山東照宮から日光東照宮に改葬、輪王寺を建立した。
- In response to an inquiry from the second shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Tenkai suggested that myojin was a title of god donated to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as Hokoku Daimyojin (Great Luminous Deity of Our Bountiful Country) and it was an ill-omened title considering the collap of Toyotomi clan, so the title of god of Ieyasu was determined to be 'Tosho Daigongen', and the body of Ieyasu was moved from Mount Kuno Toshogu Shrine to Nikko Toshogu Shrine and Rinno-ji Temple was built.
- また1580年から1640年までスペイン王がポルトガル王を兼ねたため(ポルトガルの歴史参照)、ポルトガル・イエズス会と密接な関係にある天正遣欧使節の一行も、ポルトガルから陸路スペインに入って各地を訪問、1584年11月にはマドリードでフェリペ2世に謁見している。
- Since the King of Spain also served as the King of Portugal from 1580 to 1640 (see the History of Portugal), the Tensho era mission to Europe, which was closely related to the Society of Jesus, entered Spain by land from Portugal and visited various places, and was presented to Felipe the Second in Madrid in November 1584.
- 特に江戸時代は、浄土宗の関東十八檀林、日蓮宗の下総飯高檀林(千葉県匝瑳市の飯高寺)、上総宮谷檀林(千葉県大網白里町の本国寺 (千葉県大網白里町))、京都松ヶ崎檀林(本涌寺:現在の京都市左京区の涌泉寺)、鷹峰檀林(京都市北区 (京都市)の常照寺 (京都市))などがあった。
- Particularly during the Edo period, there were Kanto Juhachi Danrin of Jodo sect, and Shimousa Iidaka Danrin (Hankoji Temple in Sosa City, Chiba Prefecture), Kazusa Miyazaku Danrin (Honkokuji Temple in Ooamishirasatomachi, Chiba Prefecture), Kyoto Matsugasaki Danrin (Honyuji Temple, present Yusenji Temple in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City), and Takagamine Danrin (Joshoji Temple in Kita Ward, Kyoto City) of Nichiren sect.
- このような批判がなされる背景には、日本仏教における伝統宗派の多くは、1970年代以降「下からの近代化」を目指す動きの中で試行錯誤しながら教団体質の民主化を進めてきたのと対照的に、日蓮正宗は伝統的に管長一人に権力をより集中させており中央集権制を維持していることが挙げられる。
- There is a background for criticism of the above, on the contrary to many traditional religious schools in Japanese Buddhism who tried to democratize the nature of the religious group by going through trial and error in the movement of 'modernization from the base' after the 1970's, however, Nichiren Shoshu Sect has a tendency to traditionally focus political power on one person, kancho, and maintains the centralization of power.
- また、近年は関心の高まりを受けて第三者機関が認証する排出削減量 (VER Verified Emissions Reduction) が民間で取引されるようになったが(カーボンオフセット、グリーン電力証書などを参照)これらは一般に京都メカニズムの枠外で行われる取引である。
- Also with escalation in interest these days, the amount of emissions reduction verified by the third-party institution (VER: Verified Emissions Reduction) is being traded among private sectors (see Carbon Offset, Green Electricity Certificate and so on); note that these trades are made in general out of the framework of the Kyoto Mechanisms.
- 当山派恵印法は、龍樹菩薩による霊異相承の伝から峰受法流とも呼ばれ、本山派峰中法流と対照されることがあるが、両派に共通する肝心は、実践第一を旨とし、世間の言語/思考に依るところの一切戯論を断絶して、山岳、或いは、人里の道場においても、ひたすら修行に打ち込むところにあると言える。
- Ein Ho (ritual) of Tozan School is also called Bujuho (practice on the mountain) School because of Rei sojo (initiation in an unseen and wondrous method) by Ryuju Bosatsu and is sometimes contrasted with Buchuho (practice on the mountains) School of Honzan School, however, it can be said that the main point common in both schools is to put the priority on practice; practitioners of austerity completely give up any meaningless discussion based on worldly words and thoughts; they only concentrate on practice in mountains or in training halls near which people live.
- しかし日本国外の日本食レストランで提供される料理には、歴史がある伝統的な日本料理ばかりでなく、鉄板焼き、照り焼き、カレーライス、カツ丼、ラーメンから、カリフォルニアロールを始めとするアメリカ式巻物類にいたるまで、比較的近年になって日本以外の食文化と融合して出来た料理も含まれる。
- However, Japanese restaurants overseas serve not only Japanese dishes with tradition and history, but also relatively new dishes ranging from teppanyaki (foods grilled on an iron plate), teriyaki (grilling with soy sauce and sugar), curry and rice, pork cutlet on rice and ramen (Chinese soup noodle) to American-style sushi roll like California roll, which were created by mixing various ideas extracted from the foods culture of Japan and others.
- かつて明治時代後期には、酒が一升瓶で流通するようになったために、日本人の酒の消費の仕方が、年に数回だけハレの日に振る舞い酒をとことん泥酔するまで飲む様式から、ほとんど毎日ケの日に自分の好みの酒を晩酌や独酌としてほどほどに酔う(なま酔い)様式へ変化した(参照:「流通と消費の形態変化」)。
- In the latter part of the Meiji period, since sake came to be distributed in 1.8 liter bottles, the way of consuming sake of the Japanese changed from a style in which they drank sake as a treat heavily only a few special days in a year to one in which they drank their favorite sake for dinner or individually almost every normal day and got drunk to some extent (namayoi) (see the section of 'The change of distribution and consumption forms').
- 北は神宮道から青蓮院に始まり、知恩院、円山公園、八坂神社、神幸道などを経由し、大雲院 (京都市)祇園閣を眺め圓徳院、高台寺、ねねの道、一年坂、二年坂から清水寺までの行路の足元を仄かに照らすさまざまな行灯や催し物を見ながら歩く人々の群れで、早春の東山はしばし賑わい、幻想的な色合いに包まれる。
- Higashiyama in the early spring is enveloped by a fantastic atmosphere, briefly attracting people, who walk, while seeing some events and various lanterns illuminating faintly their feet on the path, starting from Jingumichi road and Shoren-in Temple in the north, via Chion-in Temple, Maruyama Park, Yasaka-jinja Shrine and Shinkomichi road, viewing Daiun-in Temple Gion-kaku (Kyoto), to Entoku-in, Kodai-ji Temple, Nene no Michi (The Path of Nene), Ichinenzaka slope, Ninenzaka slope, and Kiyomizu-dera Temple.
- また渡辺照宏も、50年間流浪した後に20年間掃除夫だった男が実は長者の後継者であると宣言される様子から、古来インド社会はバラモンを中心とした強固なカースト制度があり、たとえ譬喩であってもこうしたケースは現実味が乏しく、もし考え得るとすればバラモン文化の影響が少ない社会環境でなければならない、と指摘している。
- Additionally, Shoko WATANABE pointed out that it could have been produced in a society that had less influence by Brahmanic culture, judging from the parable that someone who was a garbage man for 20 years was, after 50 years in exile, told that he was the successor of a wealthy man; because there was a strong caste system centered in Brahmin of Indian society since ancient times, so that this parable wasn't realistic.
- 当時の主な銭湯の利用客である市井の人々には「お伊勢参り」や「金毘羅山参り」、「日光東照宮参り」 など日本各地の神社仏閣への「お参り」旅行は参詣本来の目的に加えてイベントであり娯楽であったことも鑑み、人々の平凡な日常にとって宮型造りの銭湯に足を運ぶことはいつかの「お参り」にいざなう魅力的な装置としても機能した。
- Given the fact that for ordinary people, who were main users of sento at that time, taking a trip to 'visit' temples and shrines in various regions in Japan such as 'a pilgrimage to Ise,' 'pilgrimage to Konpirasan,' 'pilgrimage to Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine,' etc., was the original purpose of visiting temples and was also an event or entertainment, shrine-shaped sento also functioned as attractions, thus leading to the eventual tradition of 'temple visiting' in later, less eventful days.
- 隠元隆琦(いんげん りゅうき、特諡として大光普照国師、仏慈広鑑国師、径山首出国師、覚性円明国師、勅賜として真空大師、華光大師、万暦20年・文禄元年11月4日 (旧暦)(1592年12月7日) - 寛文13年4月3日 (旧暦)(1673年5月19日))は、中国明末清初の禅宗の僧で、福建省福州福清の生まれで俗姓は林である。
- INGEN Ryuki (December 7, 1592 – May 19, 1673) was a Chinese Zen Buddhist priest in the periods of the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, who was born in Fuqing, Fuzhou of Fujian Province, China; his secular family name was Hayashi (林), and his imperially bestowed titles in Japan were Shinku daishi (daishi: a great teacher monk) and Kako daishi; and he was given special posthumous Buddhist names, Daiko-fusho kokushi (kokushi: a posthumous Buddhist title given by the Emperor), Butsuji-kokan kokushi, Kinzan-shushutsu kokushi, and Kakusho-enmyo kokushi.
- 一方、日本の厚生労働省は、2004年7月、調査結果のヒ素含有量からすると、継続的に毎週33g以上(水戻しした状態のヒジキ。体重50kgの成人の場合)を摂取しない限り世界保健機関(WHO)の暫定的耐容週間摂取量を上回ることはなく、現在の日本人の平均的摂取量に照らすと、通常の食べ方では健康リスクが高まることはない、との見解を示した。
- The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, on the other hand, announced their opinion in July 2004 that in view of the arsenic contents in the results of the surveys, the provisional tolerable weekly intake announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) would not be exceeded unless 33 g or more (of dehydrated hijiki, in cases of a 50-kg adult) was regularly taken into per week, and that in view of the current average intake of Japanese people, the health risk was not likely to rise in cases of normal consumption.
- 洋式と比べた場合の和式の利点としては、清掃が容易、設置費用が安い、糞が1次的に溜まる槽を浅く作ってあるので排便時に水が跳ねにくい、1回ごとの洗浄水の必要量が少ない(ただし、最近では和式よりも少ない水量で洗浄できる節水型洋式便器も出回っている)、便座への接触がないため清潔な印象を与える(ただし洋式の該当箇所も参照)といった点がある。
- As advantages of washiki compared with yoshiki (Western style), we can say that washiki is easy to clean and cheap to install, and that the basin tank where feces are primarily piled up is made shallow so the splashing during defecation is weak, and that the quantity of water needed for cleaning each time is small (however, nowadays, water-saving western style urinal which needs less water than washiki for cleaning is sold), and that there is no contact with a toilet seat, which gives a clean impression (however, see the corresponding point in yoshiki).
- 一方、山科小野の地に曼荼羅寺を建立して密教修行の活動拠点を築いた東密小野流の開祖/仁海、御室仁和寺で宇多天皇に灌頂を授けた益信の後進にして、広沢池ほとりに遍照寺を建立した東密広沢流の開祖/寛朝らが事相面の法孫として対照されるが、広沢流/益信とともに、後世野沢三十六流と呼ばれる真言事作法分流における重要な基点を創った法匠として捉える。
- Ningai, the founder of the Ono School of Tomitsu (Shingon Sect's esoteric teaching), established Mandala-ji Temple at Ono, Yamashina and founded the base for Esoteric Buddhism's practice, and Kancho, younger than Yakushin, who received the kanjo (a ceremony to be the successor) from Emperor Uda at Omuro-Ninna-ji Temple, founded the Hirosawa School of Tomitsu and established Hensho-ji Temple along the shores of Hirosawa-no-ike Pond, and others are thought to have been successors in practical training and contrasted with Shobo, however, it should be interpreted that Shobo as well as the Hirosawa School of Yakushin made important foundations in Shingon-ji Saho Bunryu (branch schools in manners of Shingon Sect), which was later called Yataku Sanjuroku-ryu (thirty-six schools of yataku (Ono School and Hirosawa School)).
- その他、一般の日本人向けの商業商品においても、タイ王国のスープ料理として名高い「トムヤム」スープ風味の「トムヤム茶漬けの素」、ベトナム麺を本来ベトナム人は食べない高菜を用いてうどん質を全く変えてご当地化した「盛岡冷麺」、牛肉の照り焼きを米で挟んだ「ライスバーガー」など、果たして日本料理なのか異国料理なのか判別に悩むものも多数存在する。
- Many other commercialized products exist in Japan that are difficult for Japanese to tell whether they are nihon-ryori dishes or foreign dishes for example; 'the essence of tom yam chazuke (boiled rice with tea poured over it' with the flavor of the 'tom yam' soup famous as a soup dish in the Kingdom of Thailand, 'the Morioka reimen' (cold noodles), the pho (Vietnamese noodle soup) Japanized by completely changing the udon nature using the leaf mustard that Vietnamese never ate originally, and 'rice burger' in which boiled rice is placed on the both sides of a teriyaki (grilled with soy sauce and sugar) beef paddy.
- 地球温暖化の地球温暖化の原因となる、温室効果ガスの一種である二酸化炭素 (CO2)、メタン (CH4)、亜酸化窒素 (N2O)、フロン類類 (HFCs)、フロン類類 (PFCs)、六フッ化硫黄(SF6) について、先進国における削減率を1990年を基準として各国別に定め、共同で約束期間内に目標値(削減目標参照)を達成することが定められた。
- As for the greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), Fluorocarbons (HFCs, PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which are the causes of global warming, developed countries agreed to set reduction rates of emissions with respect to the 1990 levels respectively, and collaboratively aim to achieve the target rates within the committed period (see the reduction target).
- 高野山内27寺 - (和歌山県高野町) (宝亀院、桜池院、天徳院 (高野町)、正智院、西禅院、明王院 (高野山)、龍光院 (高野町)、親王院、総持院、西室院、南院、金剛三昧院、龍泉院、光台院、福智院 (高野町)、本覚院 (高野町)、本王院、普門院 (高野町)、一乗院 (高野町)、普賢院、西門院、大円院、持明院 (高野町)、多聞院 (高野町)、三宝院 (高野町)、遍照光院、清浄心院、円通律寺
- 27 temples in Koyasan - (in Koya-cho, Wakayama Prefecture), Hoki-in Temple, Yochi-in Temple, Tentoku-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Shochi-in Temple, Saizen-in Temple, Myoo-in Temple (in Koyasan), Ryuko-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Shinno-in Temple, Soji-in Temple, Nishimuro-in Temple, Nan-in Temple, Kongosanmai-in Temple, Ryusei-in Temple, Kodai-in Temple, Fukuchi-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Hongaku-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Hon no-in Temple, Fumon-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Ichijo-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Fugen-in Temple, Saimon-in Temple, Daien-in Temple, Jimyo-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Tamon-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Sanbo-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Henjoko-in Temple, Shojoshin-in Temple, Entsuritsu-ji Temple
- これに関して日本鰻輸入組合森山喬司理事長は、アメリカに輸入されたウナギから上記の物質が検出されたものの、「日本に輸入されている中国産ウナギは中国政府による検査・各工場の自主検査、日本での命令検査をパスしており安全だ」「ウナギが危ないと連日報道されて消費者の不安があおられ、ウナギの売れ行きは激減している。いかに努力して安全なものにしているか実態を理解してほしい」とコメントしている(中国産食品の安全性も参照のこと)。
- Regarding this, Takashi MORIYAMA, Chairman of Japan Eel Importers Association commented that even though the above-mentioned substances were detected in the eels imported to the United States, 'Chinese eels that are imported to Japan have passed inspections by the Chinese government, voluntary inspections at each factory, and mandatory inspections in Japan, and therefore they are safe' and that 'fear in consumers is stoked by eels continuously being reported as dangerous, and the sale of eels is rapidly decreasing. I would like to see an understanding of the reality of how much effort we make to make them safe items.' (refer to the safety of foods from China).
- 「刃中の働きは元から切っ先までむらなく”匂い口が締まってサーッと消え入りそうに刃先に向かう”のが最大の特徴であり、匂い口を締て刃中を働かせていいることなど古刀期ならではの技量であり、地鉄の良さが平安・鎌倉(”二流工”の意味)をも凌ぐと武家目利の興趣は絶賛しており、兼定に始まって兼定に終わるとさえ云われている、孫六兼元のような”変化の激しさ”とは対照的に”静寂”な作風である、之定銘の作は素人受けする派手な刃紋が多い、銘は自身銘であり、銘切師には一切切らせておらず”奥義”のある銘振りである。
- The effect of the blade is even from the base to the tip, and 'Nioi-kuchi (small particles of Martensite) is tight and turns into the blade tip like it's disappearing quickly' as the greatest characteristic, and tightening Nioi-kuchi and having an effect of the blade feature are typical techniques of the Koto (Old Swords) period, and Kyoshu, a samurai connoisseur highly praised its fine steel for surpassing Heian and Kamakura (they are supposed to be second-class craftsmen), and it is even said that it all comes down to Kanesada; Contrary to the 'wide change' seen in Magoroku Kanemoto, it has a 'serene' work style; most of the works with the inscription of Nosada have fancy blade patterns which amateurs like; the inscription is done by himself, without an inscriber, which makes the inscription 'deep.'