然: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- あ然
- dumbfounded
- in mute amazement
- 尭然法親王
- The monk-Imperial Prince Gyonen
- 法然上人絵伝
- Honen shonin eden (Illustrated Life of Saint Honen)
- 天然の茶髪。
- His hair is naturally brown.
- 神道自然流空手
- 'Shinto Jinen-ryu karate' (Shinto Jinen school of karate)
- 湖東県立自然公園
- Koto Prefectural Natural Park
- 天然芝グラウンド
- Natural grass ground
- (→自然誌参照)
- (=> Refer to 'Natural History')
- 能シテ 自然居士
- Noh shite (main role): Jinen Koji
- 自然居士 (能)
- Jinen Koji (Noh play)
- Jinenkoji (Noh)
- 府立笠置山自然公園
- Prefectural Kasagi-yama Mountain natural park
- 法然寺 (京都市)
- Honen-ji Temple (Kyoto City)
- 京都に似た自然と景観
- Nature and scenery that resemble Kyoto
- 自然環境活用センター
- A natural environment-friendly center
- 朽木・葛川県立自然公園
- Kutsuki, Katsuragawa Prefectural Natural Park(s)
- 国立曽爾青少年自然の家
- National Soni Youth Outdoor Learning Center
- 佐倉 佐藤泰然の順天堂
- Juntendo of Taizen SATO in Sakura.
- 法然上人絵伝(知恩院)
- Honen Shonin Eden (Chion-in Temple)
- 玄武洞(国指定天然記念物)
- Genbudo Cave (designated as a state's natural monument)
- 死因は天然痘と診断された。
- It was said he died of smallpox.
- この報に洛中は騒然となる。
- Rakuchu (inside the capital Kyoto) was startled by the news.
- 興膳宏「漢字仏教徒然行脚」
- Hiroshi KOZEN 'Chinese Character Buddhism Idle Pilgrimage'
- 自然に散逸した結果である。
- This was because the works had been scattered and lost spontaneously.
- 三上・田上・信楽県立自然公園
- Mikami, Tagami, Shigaraki Prefectural Natural Park(s)
- 当然ながらすぐに事件は発覚。
- However, as a matter of course, the plot laid by the three came to light soon.
- 天然の鉱物から製造する顔料。
- Pigments of mineral origin are produced from natural minerals.
- 種子で自然に増えることがない
- It doesn't propagate naturally by seed.
- 奈良県立月ヶ瀬神野山自然公園
- Nara Prefectural Tsukigase-Konoyama Natural Park
- 府立保津峡自然公園に含まれる。
- Kyoto prefectural Hozukyo Natural Park includes the gorge.
- 東海自然歩道のルート上にある。
- It is along the Tokai Nature Trail.
- 久多自然活用村大黒谷キャンプ場
- The Ogurodani camping site in the nature-centered Kuta village
- これを機に法然に帰依して出家。
- Taking this opportunity, he entered the priesthood under Honen.
- そこで信保は空然に目をつける。
- And so, Nobuyasu had his eye on Konen.
- しかし、これらは判然としない。
- However, there is no solid foundation for these perceptions.
- つなぎに自然薯を使い腰が強い。
- Satsuma soba contains yam as the binding agent which gives noodles an elastic texture.
- 箱根の山中で偶然清心に出会う。
- She meets Seishin again by accident in the mountains of Hakone.
- - 海食洞が広島県指定天然記念物
- The sea cave is a prefecturally designated natural monument of Hiroshima Prefecture.
- 彼から4代目の子孫が法然である。
- The ascendant's fourth generation after him was Honen.
- 然れども、唯、其券を与ふるのみ。
- However, the rebel army only gave tickets in payment of the bullets.
- また、当然ながら辞書も無かった。
- Needless to say, there existed no dictionary for Dutch and Japanese.
- 昼三(文政年間末に自然消滅する)
- Chusan (prostitute who died a natural death at the end of Bunsei era (1818-1829.)
- 当然灰汁が出るのでこまめに取る。
- As the scum rises to the surface, skim off it carefully.
- いずれが正しいかは判然としない。
- It is not certain which is right.
- 平安時代に寺子屋は当然無かった。
- Terakoya was definitely not present during Heian Period.
- 京都府立るり渓自然公園の中にある。
- Both are located within Kyoto Prefectural Ruri-kei Valley Natural Park.
- 単純弱放射能泉(天然ラジウム温泉)
- It is a simple thermal, radioactive spring (natural radium spring).
- この不自然な死には暗殺説も根強い。
- There is a theory which states that they were murdered because their death was unnatural.
- その後は自然に伸びるに任せておく。
- They let their hair grow naturally afterwards.
- 但馬御火浦(国指定名勝・天然記念物)
- Tajima-mihonoura Inlet (designated as National Site of Scenic Beauty and a state's natural monument)
- 府立笠置山自然公園に指定されている。
- It is assigned as Kasagiyama Shizen Koen (Kasagiyama Prefectural Natural Park) of Kyoto Prefecture.
- 当然、講談のテクニックが多用される。
- By the nature of the case, techniques of kodan are frequently used in those rakugo.
- 突然の死は毒殺などと取り沙汰された。
- There was a rumor that he had been intentionally poisoned, since he had died suddenly.
- 已然形は仮定形へと発展を遂げていく。
- The classical imperfective form developed into the conditional form.
- 当然死亡率も比較的高かったと思われる。
- Inevitably, the death rate of those criminals received this penalty type could have been high.
- 朝廷にとっての外敵とは当然蝦夷である。
- Obviously the court's enemy were the Emishi.
- 天然記念物:動物、植物、地質鉱物など。
- Natural Monuments: animals, plants, geographic features and minerals
- この自然乾燥は、2~3ヶ月続けられる。
- This natural drying process continues for two to three months.
- 滋賀県指定文化財一覧史跡名勝天然記念物。
- A historic monument in the list of historic, scenic and natural monuments that are cultural properties designated by Shiga Prefecture.
- アルゼンチン自然科学研究所永久名誉会員。
- He is a permanent honorary member of 'e Instituto Nacional de Investigación de las Ciencias Naturales' (Research center of the natural sciences in Argentine).
- ちょう然は下記の情報をもたらしたという。
- Chonen said as follows:
- これらは、自然崇拝に見られる特徴である。
- These are characteristics seen in animism (nature worship).
- 然し復古そのものが最後でも目的でもない。
- However, the restoration of old styles itself is not the ultimate objective.
- スプリングスひよし(天然温泉:ひよし温泉)
- Springs Hiyoshi (natural hot spring: Hiyoshi Onsen Hot Spring)
- この3本に関しては突然変異の可能性が強い。
- Most probably, these ripe ears might have been the result of mutation.
- アイの言葉を受け、シテの自然居士が現れる。
- Receiving words from the ai, Jinen Koji, the shite, appears on stage.
- 彼女の足は、自然に思い出の井筒へと向かう。
- Her feet carry her to the izutsu, a fond place in her memories.
- その不自然さと滋味に富む演技が求められる。
- An unnatural performance full of delicate nuances is required.
- 鳥取砂丘(日本最大の砂丘、国指定天然記念物)
- Tottori-sakyu Sand Dunes (Japan's largest dune, a state's designated natural monument)
- 大自然の中で釣りを通じて癒される場所である。
- The island provides refreshment for people through fishing.
- その後、法然の念仏道場となり、現在は浄土宗。
- At a later time, it became Nenbutsu-dojo (training hall for Buddhist invocation) of a Buddhist monk Honen, and now belongs to the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 国指定の天然記念物・名勝(2007年指定)。
- This beach was designated as a national nature treasure and a beauty spot (in 2007).
- 弘仁7年(816年) 嵯峨天皇、冷然院へ行幸
- 816: Emperor Saga visited Reizen In (冷然院).
- 庶民の水着は依然と褌(六尺褌)や水衣だった。
- Commoners still wore fundoshi (rokushaku fundoshi) and mizugoromo as swimwear.
- 自然との和合、世界平和などを主な理念とする。
- Harmony with nature, world peace, etc., are its main principles.
- 当然比重や日本酒度も高く甘口酒の範疇に入る。
- The specific gravity and alcohol content are high, which makes it to be categorized as sweet sake.
- かかる状況下で858年に突然の病で急死する。
- Due to above situation, the Emperor died suddenly of his illness in 858.
- 嵯峨天皇譲位後は共に冷然院・嵯峨院に住んだ。
- After Emperor Saga's enthronement, she lived in Reizen in, Saga in together with him.
- 性格は寡黙で大人しく、やや天然でマイペース。
- He is reticent and quiet in character, has a touch of natural dementia and a tendency to do things at his own pace.
- このため、舞鶴市の天然記念物に指定されている。
- Therefore, the island has been designated as a natural monument of Maizuru City.
- 天暦3年(949年) 陽成上皇、冷然院で崩御。
- 949: The Retired Emperor Yozei passed away at Reizen In (冷然院).
- 寛治8年(1094年)天然痘で崩御、享年82。
- She died of smallpox in 1094, she was 82 years old.
- が、1597年、突然改易され備前国配流となる。
- In 1597, however, he was suddenly dismissed and exiled to Bizen Province.
- 高基には、空然という僧侶となっていた弟がいた。
- Takamoto had a younger brother 'Konen,' who was a Buddhist priest.
- - 偶然により齎される幸運や金品に高揚する心。
- An exciting feeling about good luck or money and goods brought by chance.
- 『徒然草』には即位後も炊事を自分でしたとある。
- According to 'Tsurezure gusa (Essays in Idleness),' it is said that the Emperor did his own general cooking after the enthronement.
- 両統迭立は、すでに当然のこととして定着していた。
- Ryoto tetsuritsu was now established as a given.
- 国の特別名勝、および天然記念物に指定されている。
- It is designated as a nation's special place of scenic beauty and natural monument.
- 金剛生駒紀泉国定公園の区域でもあり、自然が豊か。
- As it belongs to the Kongo Ikoma Kisen Quasi-National Park, it is richly endowed with nature.
- 徒然草(第五十一段)では「大井川」となっている。
- The river is also described as 'Oi-gawa River' (in the different characters from the above, 大井川) in line fifty-one of Tsurezure-gusa (a collection of essays written in the early 1330s).
- 親王太守の官位は、必然的に他の国守より高かった。
- The court rank of Imperial Prince Taishu was necessarily higher than that of other kokushu.
- このため新平民という用語が自然発生的に生まれた。
- For that reason, the term shinheimin (new commoners) was coined.
- これを見た源五兵衛に猛然と殺意の炎が燃え上がる。
- When he sees the tattoo, a wild desire to kill her comes over him.
- 承応3年(1654年)、天然痘の為22歳で崩御。
- He died of smallpox in 1654, at age twenty-two.
- 大田の沢のカキツバタは天然記念物に指定されている。
- Rabbit Ear Iris in Ota-no-sawa swamp is designated as a Natural Monument.
- 承暦元年(1077年)、天然痘のため49歳で薨去。
- In 1077 she died of smallpox at the age of forty-nine.
- しかし、同月天然痘に罹っていた孝明天皇が突然崩御。
- However, in the same month the Emperor Komei suddenly died of smallpox.
- これも下請企業と考えればそう不自然なことではない。
- It was not unusual when comparing it with a subcontracting firm.
- 律令制下の軍団も当然ながら「軍(いくさ)」である。
- The army of the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code) was called 'ikusa' without question.
- その為、自然と華美になり、より贅沢なものへ流れた。
- As a matter of course, the doll set became more elegant and luxurious.
- 当然の事だが、多人数相手に相打ちを狙う事は難しい。
- Needless to say, it is hard to achieve aiuchi when an opponent consists of many people.
- 近年は、旧態依然たる上下関係はつとに薄れつつある。
- This traditional distinction between ranks has been weakened in recent years.
- 帰ってまもなくの6月8日、滋子は突然の病に倒れる。
- Just after they came back from Settsu Province on July 22, Shigeko became ill.
- 町火消しと加賀鳶の喧嘩騒ぎで町内は騒然としている。
- The town is in commotion caused by a brawl between Machi hikeshi (town firefighters) and Kagatobi.
- 庶民の間では依然として御家流が根強い人気であった。
- Among common people, the Oie style was still firmly favored.
- 江戸時代にはこのような自然村が、約6万以上存在した。
- During the Edo period, there were more than 60,000 spontaneous villages.
- 他にも2僧が処刑され、法然のほか7僧が流罪となった。
- 2 other monks were also executed and 7 monks other than Honen were exiled.
- 法然は行空を破門処分としたが、事態は収まらなかった。
- Honen excommunicated Gyoku, but the situation was not resolved.
- 果無峠の一帯はブナを主とする夏緑林帯の自然林である。
- The area around Hatenashi Pass has a natural summer-green forest of mainly Japanese beech trees.
- 院政期文化の主たる担い手は依然貴族層や僧侶であった。
- The main driving force of Insei period culture were court nobles and monks.
- また、女性に初めて布教をおこなったのも法然であった。
- It was also Hoen who missioned women for the first time.
- そのため、自然発生的に銭貨を受ける賽銭箱が生まれた。
- Therefore, Saisenbako accepting coins were generated spontaneously.
- 茶道ははじめは千利休、ついで古田重然の門下であった。
- He learned tea ceremony from SEN no Rikyu, and then he became a disciple of Shigenari FURUTA.
- しかし、現地調査から自然交雑の可能性は否定的である。
- However, based on local investigation there is less possibility of its being a natural hybrid.
- 天然物の生産量の95パーセント以上を北海道が占める。
- Hokkaido accounts for more than 95 percent of the production of natural kelp.
- 喜びの後の突然の暗転に打ちひしがれて俊寛は泣き叫ぶ。
- He was stricken and cried out as the happy news unexpectedly turned to disaster.
- 前髪と鬢は前の方に突き出さずに後ろの方に自然に流す。
- The hair on the top front of a head and the sideburns did not protrude forward but naturally flowed backward.
- 自然居士も見物人も幼い者の心がけに涙するのであった。
- Jinen Koji and viewers shed tears for the attitude of the child.
- 上方から発生し朱子学、自然科学、古典研究が発達した。
- The cluture started in Kamigata and it developed Neo-Confucianism, natural science, and classical study.
- 一目瞭然! 寺院建築施工ファイル寺院建築の施工情報。
- 'You Can See it at a Glance! Buddhist temple construction file' shows information on buddhist temple construction.
- 熊野周辺は、日本書紀にも登場する自然崇拝の地であった。
- The area around Kumano, which appears in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), used to be a place of nature worship.
- 自然科学 喜田宏による「インフルエンザウイルスの生態」
- In the field of natural science, 'The Ecology of Influenza Virus' by Hiroshi KIDA.
- 東北地方北部以北は依然として律令国家の支配外であった。
- However, the northern part of the Tohoku region and further northwards were out of the ritsuryo kokka's control.
- 当然彼らは荘官や郷司・保司以上の職は持たないのである。
- They, of course, did not have a Shiki which was higher than Shokan, Goji or Hoji.
- 事態の展開に兼実は「天魔の所為なり」と唖然としている。
- FUJIWARA no Kanezane was stunned by an unexpected turn of events and said, 'it is an act of the evil spirit.'
- これに対し、旧態依然の古い芸に安住してファンが離れた。
- In contrast, rakugo was complacent with its age-old tradition and could not keep its fans.
- 『弁内侍日記』建長3年正月16日、『徒然草』にみえる。
- Sagicho Festival is described in 'The Diary of Ben no Naishi '(Ben no Naishi is a woman poet in Kamakura period) of January 16 in 1251 and in the 'Tsurezuregusa'(Essays in Idleness).
- 自然石を台座、または水盤に砂をしいて配置して鑑賞する。
- That is, it is viewing natural stones situated on pedestals or in flower bowls covered with sand.
- また当然ながら一場ものの能について行われることはない。
- It is not played with one-scene Noh play.
- 朱墨の原料は、鉱産物として天然に採掘される辰砂である。
- The ingredient of the red ink is cinnabar, which is a naturally occurring mineral that is mined.
- 射術に関しては日置流を根幹とし、当然斜面打起しである。
- Because the shooting technique is based on that of Heki school, the method of readying and raising the bow is Shamen Uchiokoshi (anchoring in slanting position).
- 突然変異で棘のない株(実生苗)が稀に発生する事がある。
- In rare cases there are stumps (seedlings) without spines, due to mutation.
- これまではもっぱら天然に分布するものが採取されていた。
- Kjellmaniella crassifolia grown naturally had mainly been gathered until now.
- 後述の自然村は、複数の集落の統合体であることが多かった。
- A 'spontaneous village' to be mentioned often indicated a unity of several rural communities.
- 中新世の安山岩類から成っており、まさに自然の宝庫である。
- The island consists of Miocene Anzangan (andesite) and other rocks: truly a natural treasury.
- 同3年(1201年)母兼子の死去により、法然の下で受戒。
- She received religious precepts under Honen when her mother Kenshi died in 1201.
- 日本側が突然条約締結を持ち出したのは、以下の理由による。
- The reason why Japan suddenly brought up the conclusion of the treaty was as follows.
- 文麟が四条派を継いだのは自然な流れだったのかもしれない。
- It may have been natural that Bunrin succeeded the Shijo school.
- 当然ながら、大きな蔵ほど多い人員から成る杜氏集団が入る。
- Needless to say, a bigger brewery has a bigger toji group.
- 境内には天然記念物にも指定されている黒木大藤が存在する。
- On the grounds of the shrine, there is a 'Kurogi no Ofuji' (the great Japanese wisteria in Kurogi) which is designated as a natural monument.
- そこでは、茶樹の枝を剪定をせず、芽を自然に伸ばしている。
- There, the twigs of tea plants aren't pruned and the burgeons are left to grow by themselves.
- 当然、これほど長い髪を維持するのは想像以上の労力を使う。
- It certainly took more trouble than expected to maintain such long hair.
- 貞観18年(876年) 27歳で突然譲位し、仏門に帰依。
- In 876, at age 27, he abruptly abdicated the throne and entered the priesthood.
- 明治に入ると、中央集権化のため、自然村の合併が推進された。
- During the Meiji period, uniting spontenuous villages was promoted because of the centralization of power.
- 1987年年5月1日、京都市の天然記念物として指定・登録。
- This tree was designated and registered as a natural treasure of Kyoto City on May 1, 1987.
- 山号は天照山、開基は北条経時、開山は然阿良忠(記主禅師)。
- The sango is Tenshozan, the Kaiki is Tsunetoki HOJO, and the kaisan is Nenna Ryochu (Kishu Zenji).
- - 高麗の僧、一然 (1209年 - 1289年) の編。
- - It was compiled by the Goryeo-era monk Iyreon (1209-1289).
- なお、当然ケンペルはいわゆる鎖国体制を肯定する立場である。
- As a side note, Engelbert KAEMPFER undoubtedly supported Japan's seclusionism.
- 卒都婆小町 自然居士 (能) 四位の少将 以上、観阿弥作。
- Sotoba Komachi, Jinen Koji and Shii no Shosho by Kanami.
- その際に役職としての禁裏御守衛総督は自然消滅するに至った。
- In the course of this, the Kinri Goshuei Sotoku as a post was naturally abolished.
- しかし天然の要塞となっていた鎌倉の切通しの守りは固かった。
- The natural fortress of the kiridoshi in Kamakura offered strong defenses.
- 完全に天然素材しか使わない化粧品なので、体に悪影響が無い。
- Beni is not harmful to health because it is a cosmetic made from pure natural ingredients.
- また『百器徒然袋』の解説文中では次のように述べられている。
- Further, the commentary in the 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' describes the Honekarakasa as follows:
- これを「自然村」と対比して行政村(ぎょうせいそん)ともいう。
- The newly-established village is called also an administrative village, in contrast to a 'spontaneous village'.
- 当然、治天・天皇の交替を求める大覚寺統からの圧力は増大した。
- As expected, the pressure exerted by the Daikakuji line demanding a change in Chiten/Emperor grew.
- 県天然記念物であり、金剛生駒紀泉国定公園の見所の一つである。
- It is a natural monument designated by Nara prefecture, and is one of sightseeing spots of Kongo Ikoma Kisen Quasi-National Park.
- どちらの称制期間も日本書紀には事実上天皇同然に書かれている。
- In the Nihonshoki, both Emperor Tenchi and Empress Jito are written as the real emperors during the period when they ruled the nation without holding an enthronement ceremony.
- それで、自身の大宮御所では旧態依然とした宮廷制度を維持した。
- Thus, in reaction, the Empress Teimei kept the traditional and outdated Imperial Court system within her own Omiya Gosho (the Omiya Imperial Palace).
- 舞鶴湾口を東西から博奕岬と金ヶ岬が固めた、天然の良港である。
- The entrance to the bay is protected by the Bakuchi Misaki and Kanagamisaki Cape from east and west, which form a safe natural harbor.
- ただし、武術の世界では依然として「長刀」の使用例が多かった。
- However, '長刀 ' was commonly used in martial arts.
- 銅鐸はさらに大型化するが、3世紀になると突然造られなくなる。
- After this, dotaku still got bigger but disappeared in the third century.
- 太夫 (遊郭)(最上位の女郎、宝暦年間の頃には自然消滅する)
- Tayu (yukaku) (The highest ranking prostitute died a natural death during the Horeki era (1753-1764).)
- ウナギの養殖はまず、天然のシラスウナギを捕ることから始まる。
- Farm raising of eels starts with catching glass eels in the wild.
- 再生不可能で、自然保護や二酸化炭素排出から問題視されている。
- Therefore, it is unrenewable and seen as an issue from the viewpoints of environmental protection and CO2 emissions.
- 喝食(かっしき) 『自然居士 (能)』、『花月 (能)』等。
- Kasshiki: 'Jinen Koji' (Jinen the Lay Monk), 'Kagetsu' (Noh), etc.
- 江戸時代以降の正座で痺れを切らしたときに自然と座る事が多い。
- This style is often used when the legs fell asleep due to sitting in the post-Edo period seiza style for a certain period of time.
- 『自然居士』 (じねんこじ) は、観阿弥作の能の一曲である。
- 'Jinen Koji' (Jinen the Lay Monk) is a Noh piece by Kanami.
- 1922年3月8日 - 史蹟名勝天然紀念物保存法により指定。
- March 8, 1922 - designated as a place of scenic beauty based on the Historical Spot, Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument Preservation Law.
- 心身ともに疲れ果てた淀君は、徳川家の仕打ちに憤然としている。
- Exhausted physically and mentally, Yodogimi is indignant with the maltreat of the Tokugawa family.
- 顔世御前が悄然と場を離れたあと、城明け渡し対応の会議をする。
- After Kaoyo Gozen leaves in sorrow, a conference concerning the hand-over of the castle is held.
- 天安 (日本)2年(858年) 文徳天皇、冷然院の新成殿で崩御
- 858: Emperor Montoku passed away in the newly built palace.
- 山内には大津から京都大原方面へ抜ける東海自然歩道が通っている。
- The Tokaido Nature Trail passes through the mountain on the way from Otsu to Kyoto/Ohara.
- しかしながら大臣は依然として旧冠を使用していたと言われている。
- However, it is said that the O-omi continued to used the old caps.
- これは純然たる接待施設で、日本人が常に在住する居留地ではない。
- The sole purpose of the facility was to entertain guests, and it was not meant for residential location.
- 軍事貴族は、当然ながら軍事面で朝廷に貢献することが求められた。
- Needless to say, military aristocrats were required to contribute to the Imperial Court in military affairs.
- このため、1951年に入っても騒然とした学内状況が続いていた。
- As a result, the situation at the university was still tumultuous in 1951.
- あるいは、豚カツの普及に伴い、各地で自然発生的に作られ始めた。
- Or as the pork cutlet became common, katsudon spontaneously began to be created in each region.
- 且つ矢を傷めない程度の強さで束ね然るべき高さの台に乗せたもの。
- Straws are bound in a way that doesn't damage the arrow and the makiwara is placed on a stand at a suitable height.
- 上記のマッサージ師が兼任している場合が多く,当然別料金である。
- Often performed by the masseur described above, naturally for an extra charge.
- 仏教の説教者の自然居士が芸尽しによって幼い者を人買いから救う。
- A preacher of Buddhism, Jinen Koji saves a young child from a human trafficker by geizukushi (displaying all [or many] of one's repertoire).
- 法宣寺(大覚大僧上による手植え・境内の天蓋マツは国の天然記念物)
- Hosen-ji Temple: The Buddhist High Priest Daikaku daisojo directly planted a pine tree in the precincts, and the pine tree forming a canopy is today a natural monument of Japan.
- 1932年に国の名勝に指定され、府立自然公園にも指定されている。
- It was designated as a place of national scenic beauty in 1932 and also as the Municipal Natural Park.
- 当然、大嘗祭の予算は通常の内廷費以外の臨時のものが組まれている。
- Obviously the extraordinary budget for the Onie no matsuri Festival is formulated separately to the emperor's family budget.
- 天皇の外祖父の地位を得て園家は宮中に隠然たる力を持つにいたった。
- Holding the position of maternal grandfather of the emperor, the Sono family acquired latent power in the imperial court.
- しかしながら、旧城下町の活性化を含め依然として難題を抱えている。
- However, difficulties including vitalizing the old castle town still exist.
- 鴨川上流の雲ヶ畑には、特別天然記念物のオオサンショウウオが棲む。
- A special natural treasure, the Japanese giant salamander lives in Kumogahata in the upper Kamogawa River.
- 父系社会においては血筋とは当然男系のそれが観念されたからである。
- This is because in the paternal society, the lineage was defined as male line for granted.
- 特に大日本帝国陸軍では、将兵は全文暗誦できることが当然とされた。
- It was taken for granted that officers and soldiers in Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) in particular recited all the sentences.
- 一、日本ハ神国たる処きりしたん国より邪法を授候儀 太以不可然候事
- 1. Japan is the land of gods, and thereby it is not possible to accept the evil belief from the Christian countries.
- また、この日だけは女性が公然と観戦できるというならわしもあった。
- On this day alone, there was a custom that females were allowed to watch sumo-wrestling matches in public.
- すると自然と、精米歩合はその前で止める数字となっていくのである。
- Then, automatically, the figure of the polishing ratio becomes smaller than this figure.
- ところてんのように、押し出されて自然と前へ進んでいく様子のこと。
- This refers to the style of promotion in which one is pushed out of his position and is advanced automatically, like the way tokoroten is squeezed out.
- 自然居士はかの衣は幼い者が人買いに自らを売って得たものと見抜く。
- Jinen Koji perceives that the child had gotten the garment by selling himself to the human trafficker.
- 豊かな緑と、きよらかな水の流れを持つ自然美豊かな農山村地域である。
- Miyama-cho was a mountainous, agricultural area filled with natural beauty such as lush greenery and pure streams.
- 「美しい自然と史跡に恵まれた心ふれあう町」を町の標語に掲げている。
- The town has adopted the motto 'Heart-warming town surrounded by beautiful nature and historic places.'
- オオサンショウウオ - 特別天然記念物のオオサンショウウオが棲む。
- Japanese giant salamander: Japanese giant salamanders, a special natural treasure, live there.
- 剣山国定公園のエリア内にあるべふ峡など、四季折々の自然が楽しめる。
- The village offers enjoyment of each of the four seasons, including Befu Canyon in Tsurugi-san Mountain Quasi-National Park.
- 「皇太子妃が病気の今、家族が皆で、支えていくのは当然のことです。」
- It is a matter of course for all family members to support the sick Crown Princess (Masako).'
- そうしたことは自然の情及び武士の倫理として、早くから行われていた。
- From earlier stage, such suicide was performed as the act of showing natural feelings to his master and as the code of samurai.
- 歴史的文脈で宗教書を捉えた時には、その来歴は当然検証の対象となる。
- In case of judging a religious book from a historical standpoint, its origin naturally becomes the object of judgment.
- 能舞台の音響は、基本的にはPA/SRを行わない、自然なものである。
- The sounds in the Noh stage are basically natural sounds without PA/SR.
- 依然動揺する将兵に、武時は老婆の予言を語って聞かせ、士気を高める。
- Taketoki told about the prediction of the old woman to the officers and soldiers, who were still disturbed, to boost their morale.
- 偶然そこを通った人々の言葉を、神 (神道)の託宣と考えたのである。
- They thought the words of accidental passers-by as oracles of gods (Shintoism).
- 御所焼き討ちの計画を未然に防ぐ事に成功した新選組の名は天下に轟いた。
- The name of the Shinsen-gumi, which succeeded in preventing the plot to burn down the imperial palace, became famous throughout the land.
- ただし中には廃屋同然に放置された建物も存在し、空家対策が必要である。
- Some buildings, however, were abandoned and left untouched, and measures for such empty houses are needed.
- こう考えると、代々のどの継承時に言及されても自然なものと理解できる。
- If standing on this assumption, it seems natural that the code has been cited by each emperor/empress upon his/her enthronement.
- 織田信長に帰属していた荒木村重が突然謀反を起こしたことに端を発する。
- It started from a sudden rebellion by Murashige ARAKI, who belonged to Nobunaga ODA.
- その達成のための保障となる武装は当然であったことを忘れてはならない。
- Therefore, it isn't surprising that they prepared arms in order to secure their execution of such powers.
- 地域の歴史、文化遺産、自然などの学習や保全、人材育成などに取り組む。
- These members study and work on the preservation of regional history, cultural heritage, and nature, as well as being engaged in human resource development in these fields.
- 当然ながらそういう情報は、流派から外へ伝授することは許されていない。
- Needless to say, they never allow anyone to teach such information to people outside the school.
- 従って、日本の「なます」は独自に発生、発達したと見るのが自然である。
- It is for these reasons that the Japanese 'namasu' is considered to have arisen and developed independently.
- 「千早振る」とあわせて、おからがほとんど廃物同然だったことがわかる。
- Together with 'Chihayaburu,' it shows the fact that okara was rubbishy.
- 貝の内側に描かれるのは自然の風物や土佐一門風の公家の男女が多かった。
- On the inside of a shell, natural features or a court couple who looked like the Tosa clan were often depicted.
- 下水再生水はそれ自体が飲用できないため、用途が必然的に限られてくる。
- As recycled waste water is not suitable for drinking, its use is necessarily restricted.
- 村の寄合いからの帰り、すし屋の弥左衛門は偶然小金吾の遺骸を見付ける。
- On his way home from a villagers' meeting, Yazaemon of the sushi shop accidentally finds the dead body of Kokingo.
- 鳥山石燕の『百器徒然袋』には、唐櫃をこじ開ける鬼の姿で描かれている。
- In Sekien TORIYAMA's 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are the tsukumogami), it is portrayed as an ogre who prizes a karabitsu (Chinese-style chest) open.
- 観光地は、丹波自然運動公園、琴滝(ことだき)、ワインハウスなどがある。
- Major tourist spots are the Tanba Shizen Undo Koen Park, Koto-daki (Koto Falls), and the Wine House.
- 呼出し(宝暦以降では最上位の女郎であったが、文政年間末に自然消滅する)
- Yobidashi (during the Horeki era, they were the highest ranking prostitute, but died a natural death at the end of Bunsei era (1818-1829).)
- 落語寄席では当然落語が主であり、それ以外の演目は色物と呼んで区別する。
- In the yose for rakugo, as a matter of course, rakugo storytelling is most often performed, so the performances other than rakugo are called iromono.
- しかしその用途から必然的に消耗品であり、本来ならば1回使い捨てである。
- It is, however, naturally an expendable item because of its usage, and might well be used once then disposed of.
- 日本の自然の状態では酷寒地を除き、草原は森林へと遷移 (生物学)する。
- In the natural circumstances in Japan excluding fierce cold areas, grassland transitions to forest (based on the principle of biology).
- 骨傘(ほねからかさ)は、鳥山石燕の『百器徒然袋』に描かれる日本の妖怪。
- Hone-karakasa (literally, an oil-paper umbrella with a bamboo frame, the oil paper of which is gone) is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]).
- 幣六(へいろく)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- Heiroku is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]).
- 五徳猫(ごとくねこ)は、鳥山石燕の『画図百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- Gotoku-neko (literally, tripod cat) is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Illustrated Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]).
- 関東はもとより奥羽は未だ幕府や鎌倉公方の旧権威は依然として絶大であった。
- Old authorities such as bakufu and Kamakura kubo were still wielding great power not only in the Kanto region but also in the Ou region.
- 雖然依有要用、直銭肆拾壱貫文仁限永代相副本券等所売渡申沙弥道忍仁実正也。
- However, due to circumstances beyond my control, I hereby sell my property rights forever for the sum of 41 kan-mon.
- に施行された史蹟名勝天然紀念物保存法により、安土城址が史蹟に指定される。
- In 1926, the site of Azuchi-jo Castle was designated as a historical spot by the Law for the Historic Sites, Places of Scenic Beauty and Natural Monuments enforced in 1919.
- 当然、天皇に対しても摂関家と同様の措置が行われていたと考えられている)。
- It is thought that the same practices were carried out for the emperor, too.
- 突然大事な物をさらわれる事を例えて「トビに油あげをさらわれる」と称する。
- A phrase saying 'aburaage is taken away by a flying kit' is an analogy used to explain the fact that some very important item has suddenly been snatched away.
- 天然物と養殖物は、焼き方が違い、また火の通り方が異なることから味も違う。
- Cakes cooked in natural and artificial molds taste different because the method of baking is different and also the temperature used to bake them is different.
- 当然のことながら、生後2か月の乳児にキャラメルを支給しても無意味である。
- Of course, the idea of giving candy to a two-month-old infant absurd.
- 自然描写が印象的な作曲法によってなされ、それなりに華やかさも持っている。
- It was composed by a composition technique impressively describing nature and has a certain gorgeousness.
- 飄然と去る源吾を見送りながら脇句の意味を測りかねて考え込む其角であった。
- While Kikaku saw off Gengo, he was in deep thought, wondering what Gengo's wakiku meant.
- なお、日本の「史蹟名勝天然紀念物保存法」の制定は1919年のことである。
- Here in Japan, it was not until 1919 that the 'Historical Spot, Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument Preservation Law' was enacted.
- 鈴彦姫(すずひこひめ)は、鳥山石燕の『画図百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- Suzuhiko-hime (literally, Princess Bells) is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Illustrated Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]).
- 鐙口(あぶみくち)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- Abumikuchi is a Japanese specter in 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (One hundred bags in idleness), a collection of specters illustrations by Sekien TORIYAMA.
- 近年猥りに勅許の事、且つは臈次を乱し、且つは官寺を汚し、甚だ然るべからず。
- In recent times, imperial sanctions have been issued without reason, disrupting roji and defiling state-sponsored temples, and this is very unsuitable.
- また、天然理心流入門の際に誓約させられる神文帳との類似性も指摘されている。
- Also, it has been pointed out that the rules are similar to Shin-mon Chou, on which the pupils of Tennen Rishin-ryu take a pledge.
- その一方で、幕府は摂政・関白並びに摂家に対する公然・非公然の支援を行った。
- On the other hand, the bakufu offered official and unofficial support for the regent, chief advisor to the Emperor and the sekke.
- 百済の名門氏族である木満致が、自らの姓を捨て蘇我氏を名乗ったことの不自然さ
- It is unlikely that Machi MOKU, a member of a well regarded clan in Baekje, would forsake his family name and introduce himself as Soga clan.
- 百姓らにとって、そうした徳政を要求することは、当然の権利と認識されていた。
- The peasants thought they could appeal to the government to enforce their right of tokusei.
- 天巻では劉善経の声律論、地巻では王昌齢・皎然・上官儀らの詩論を基本に置く。
- The volume of Heaven put a basis for theory of sound by Liu Shanjing, while the volume of Earth put Ars Poetica by Wang Changling, Jiaoran, Shang Guan Yi, and so on.
- しかし彼らは依然として「武芸をもって業とする」特種な存在であったといえる。
- However, they supposedly held special existence before that 'made military art a job.'
- カビを用いて乾燥させた節を枯節と呼ぶが、このカビは当初自然発生させていた。
- At first, the fungus, with which katsuobushi was seasoned into karebushi, was generated spontaneously.
- 砂糖を加えないものは自然な甘さがあり、乳酸のほのかな酸味もある場合が多い。
- Amazake with no added sugar has a natural sweetness and a slightly sour taste due to lactic acid.
- 日本酒は、自然界に存在する酵母を、おそらく初めは偶然にとりこんで造られた。
- Presumably, sake was first made by taking in naturally residing yeasts accidentally.
- しかし朝廷内においては院政を敷いた後水尾上皇が依然として実権を握っていた。
- However, in the Imperial Palace Emperor Gomizunoo still took control of politics and ruled the cloistered government.
- なお、/ka/と/kwa/(「か」と「くわ」)の違いは依然として残存した。
- However, there remained a difference between/ka/ and/kwa/.
- 沓頬(くつつら)は、鳥山石燕による妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- Kutsu-tsura (literally, shoe cheek) is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive])
- 大和川付け替え後は必然的に河内国府を通らない大和川を越えないルートとなった。
- After the River Yamato was rerouted, it inevitably became a course which would neither pass through Kawachi Kokufu area nor cross the River Yamato.
- また、即位根拠として現在の養老令ではなく過去の令が持ち出される不自然もある。
- This criticism also points out that it is unnatural to mention past codes to justify the enthronement and not the Yoro code (code promulgated in the Yoro period).
- 近江浅井氏の「あさい」の語源は朝日(あさひ)郷の転化によるものとするのが自然
- Etymologically it is reasonable to understand that the surname 'Asai' of the Omi-Asai (and not Omi-Azai) clan was a result of the phonetic change of the name of 'Asahi-go' village.
- 鎌倉幕府の確立を成し遂げた源頼朝は、1199年(正治1)1月に突然死去した。
- MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who established the Kamakura bakufu, died suddenly in January 1199.
- また、利害をたがえた場合、庶家が国人に公然と反逆し合戦に及ぶことすらあった。
- When conflict of interests occurred, some branch families went so far as to publicly rebel against the Kokujin and engage in battle.
- だが10月13日に突然美濃部監督の解任と加藤久総監督の監督就任が発表された。
- But on October 13, a sudden announcement was made about the dismissal of manager MINOBE and the appointment of General Director Hisashi KATO as manager.
- 一般化して述べるが、当然ながら意義付けなどは流派によってかなりの差異がある。
- The following are general explanations of each practice; as a matter of course, definitions of each practice are very different according to each house/style.
- 地産そば粉と名水百選にも選ばれている磐梯西山麓湧水群の天然水を使用した蕎麦。
- Bandai soba consists of buckwheat noodles made from the local buckwheat flour and water from natural springs in the western foot of Mt Bandai that has been designated as one of the 100 Best Natural Waters in Japan.
- 元は山形県内陸部・東北・北関東など天然のなめこが採れる地方にて食されていた。
- Nameko soba was originally consumed in the areas like the interior regions of Yamagata Prefecture as well as the Tohoku and North Kanto areas where wild nameko mushrooms were collected.
- また鎬地が柾がかり、帽子は新刀の小丸となり、正真作と比べれば一目瞭然である。
- Shinogichi (ridge) of the sword is with masame (straight grain), and the cutting part is the same as komaru (style of a cutting part) of a new sword, which makes it easy to identify at a glance.
- ハレの場においては、衣食住や振る舞い、言葉遣いなどを、ケとは画然と区別した。
- Food, shelter and clothing, behavior and the types of language used at the time of hare were definitely distinguished from those of ke.
- 吹きこぼれない程度の強火で、米が自然に対流するように炊くのが良いといわれる。
- It is said that the rice should be cooked over a high heat, allowing the grains of rice to move naturally, but without the liquid boiling over.
- 作刀当初に収められていた拵えがどのようなものであったのかは判然としていない。
- It is unclear what the fittings looked like when the sword was made.
- 人買いも困り果て、自然居士に舞を舞わせ、それで幼い者を返してやることにする。
- Confounded, the human trafficker decides to have Jinen Koji perform a dance in return for the child.
- そんな騒然とした中、荏柄平太が実朝の妹斎姫を入道館で殺害し行方知れずとなる。
- Under such a tumultuous circumstance, Heita EGARA killed Sanetomo's sister, Saihime, at Nyudo Yakata, and concealed himself.
- この時には、興福寺の僧徒から、法然教団に対して、九箇条の過失が突きつけられた。
- On this occasion, the monks of Kofuku-ji Temple sent 'The Nine Articles of Religious Negligence' to the Honen order.
- スキー場などの大規模開発がほとんど行われていないため、豊かな自然が残っている。
- Nature has been preserved largely untouched due to the absence of large-scale development, such as ski resorts.
- 主君が病死等自然死の場合に、追い腹を切る習慣は、戦国時代_(日本)になかった。
- In the Sengoku period (the Warring States period [in Japan]), there was not a custom to commit the oibara (hara-kiri to follow the deceased master) when a master died of natural causes such as die of disease.
- 日本側の原案にはこの条項が当然入っていたが、朝鮮側の強い要望により削除された。
- The provision was provided as a matter of course in the original plan given by Japan, but due to Korea's strong demands it was deleted.
- 禁令を受けたイエズス会宣教師たちは平戸に集結して、以後公然の布教活動を控えた。
- The missionaries of the Society of Jesus received the prohibition edict gathered in Hirado and withheld official mission activities after that.
- 人工的に穴が穿たれたもの、自然に穴の開いたものがあり、貫通型と非貫通型もある。
- Some holes are artificially bored while some are natural, and some holes completely penetrate the stones while others do not.
- 冬期に豆腐を屋外に放置してしまった事から偶然に製法が発見されたといわれている。
- It has been said that the process was accidentally discovered when tofu was left outdoors during the winter season.
- 自然居士もまた人助けに失敗したら二度と庵室に戻らないという掟があると言いはる。
- Jinen Koji also insists that there is a rule that cannot return to his hermitage if he fails to save a person.
- このため醪を自然に放置していても、アルコール分は約21度以上には高くならない。
- Therefore, if the moromi is left by itself, the alcohol does not reach a concentration of equal to or greater than about 21%.
- 近現代の大字(おおあざ)といわれる行政区域は、ほぼかつての自然村を継承している。
- Almost all the modern and postmodern administrative districts called Oaza have developed from those once existed spontaneous villages.
- 鎌倉の市街地は東・北・西の三方を山で囲まれ、南は相模湾に面した天然の要害である。
- The city of Kamakura is a natural fortress surrounded by mountains on its three sides--the east, north, and west--and faces Sagami gulf to the south.
- その後、昭和4年に法然寺西町、昭和33年に西寺ノ前町、上・下宮ノ前町が成立した。
- Subsequently, Honenji Nishi-machi was established in 1929, Nishi Teranomae-cho, Kami Miyanomae-cho and Shimo Miyanomae-cho were created in 1958.
- 仮に義昭が黒幕であれば当然毛利氏も知っているはずとの考えがこの反駁の根拠となる。
- The ground for this refutation is the idea that if Yoshiaki was the mastermind, the Mori clan should have known it.
- 「徒然草」の第五十一段では、嵯峨野の亀山殿に大井川から水を引く様子を伝えている。
- Line 51 of the Tsurezure-gusa depicts a scene where water is brought from the Oi-gawa River to the Kameyama-dono Palace in Sagano.
- 貞時の子・14代執権北条高時は後醍醐天皇の挙兵計画である正中の変を未然に防いだ。
- The fourteenth regent Takatoki HOJO, a son of Sadatoki, forestalled the Emperor Godaigo's plans to raise an army against the bakufu, which is called the Shochu Incident.
- 四兄弟は737年の天然痘の流行により相次いで病死し、藤原四子政権は終焉を迎えた。
- Four brothers died one after another due to the epidemic of smallpox that occurred in 737, which brought to an end of the four Fujiwara brothers government.
- なお、上記のような理由により、「偽書か否か」と「正典か否か」は当然別問題である。
- In addition, from the above reasons, 'whether it is a gisho or not' or 'whether it is a sacred book or not' are different problems.
- 1324年(正中 (元号)元年)の正中の変は六波羅探題によって未然に察知された。
- The Shochu Conspiracy of 1324 was prevented by Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto).
- 一般的に天然ウナギの方が養殖ウナギよりも胴回りが太く、腹の色が黄色がかっている。
- In general, wild eels are fatter around the body, and the color of the abdomen is also yellowish.
- 岩座上ハス座に坐す金身の四十二臂十一面の千手観音が自然景と融合しつつ描かれている
- This depicts golden Senju Kannon with 42 arms and 11 faces seating on a lotus pedestal on a rock pedestal, being merged with a natural background.
- 文車妖妃(ふぐるまようび)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- 'Fuguruma-yobi' is a Japanese specter which appears in 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro'(The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons), a collection of paintings of specters drawn by Sekien TORIYAMA.
- ジョギング、チェスやヨガでさえ、スポーツなのだから、武道も当然、スポーツである。
- Even jogging, chess and yoga are in the sport, so the budo naturally belongs to the sport.
- 自然に起こるものだが、盆栽では彫刻刀などで削り人為的に作り出すという技法がある。
- This happens in nature, however in bonsai there is a technique of creating this effect artificially by peeling with a chisel or other such tool.
- また、月ヶ瀬梅林は1975年には奈良県立月ヶ瀬神野山自然公園の一部に指定された。
- Tsukigase Bairin was designated a part of Nara Prefectural Tsukigase Konosan Natural Park in 1975.
- 人工的なものでも砂紋と呼ぶことがあるが、多くは自然現象によって生じたものをさす。
- Although artificial undulations are also sometimes called samon, the samon usually refer to natural ones.
- 福井県の最西端に位置し、吉坂峠と共に若狭の自然の要塞として機能してきた歴史がある。
- It is the westernmost of Fukui Prefecture and for a long time it had served as a natural fortress in Wakasa area as well as Kissaka-toge Pass.
- 父・霊元法皇を抑える形で自ら院政を開始するが、その後まもなく天然痘にかかって崩御。
- He started his cloistered government to stop his father, the Cloistered Emperor Reigen ruling the government, however, he had smallpox and died soon after that.
- 終戦後の残務処理は整然と進み、田結穣舞鶴鎮守府司令長官もその手際を絶賛したという。
- After-war administration was conducted smoothly and the chief of the Maizuru Rear Unit Headquarters, Minoru TAYUI, extended the highest praises.
- 衆之を然りと為し乃ち歩率をして斉しく銃射せしめ士卒硝煙中より喊声を発して突撃する。
- They had the soldiers shoot guns and shout through the smoke, as they attacked.
- 鴨長明の『方丈記』、吉田兼好の『徒然草』と並んで日本三大一覧歴史・風刺と称される。
- 'Hojoki' (An Account of My Hut) by KAMO no Chomei, 'Tsurezure gusa' (Essays in Idleness) by Kenko YOSHIDA and this book are called Japan's three most famous books on history and caricature.
- Along with both 'Hojo-ki (The Ten-Foot-Square Hut),' written by KAMO no Chomei, and 'Tsurezuregusa (Essays in Idleness)' written by Kenko YOSHIDA, it is called one of the three Japanese major lists, histories and satires.
- 法然の教えは摂関家の九条兼実ら中央の貴族をはじめ、地方の武士や庶民にまで広まった。
- The teachings of Honen spread from court nobles in the central region including Kanezane KUJO of Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents) through samurai or common people in local regions.
- また、養殖ウナギと天然ウナギの見分け方は胴回りの太さと腹の部分の色で見分けられる。
- Farm raised eels and wild eels can be distinguished by the color as well as the circumference of the abdomen.
- 大名への仕官を通じて必然的にこうした分別への対応が必要になっていったと考えられる。
- It is thought that consequently the people in this period came to be required to treat guests in different manners depending on their ranks when serving to daimyo (feudal lord).
- また、石燕は『百器徒然袋』の妖怪の題材の多くに『徒然草』などの文章を使用している。
- Sekien cited the sentences from 'Tsurezuregusa'(Essays in Idleness) and so on in creating the specters drawn in 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro.'
- この丹前六方にあやかって、丹前を着流して市中を悠然と闊歩する者が後を絶たなかった。
- There was no end to the number of men who worn Tanzen and walked around in town leisurely following the popularity of this tanzen roppo (a swaggering walk).
- 一般に売られている寒天は、冬の寒冷地で自然凍結と天日乾燥を繰り返して作られている。
- Kanten, as sold at markets, is produced through repeated freezing and drying in a naturally cold climate during the winter.
- この固体選抜の規模は突然変異育種としては過去50年間のなかで国内最大規模であった。
- The scale of this individual selection was one of the biggest in the breeding of mutants in Japan in the past 50 years.
- 以下に示す内容を、整然と著述しており、「経」字を書名とするに足る深みを持っている。
- The content mentioned below was written in perfect order, and are profound enough for the work to have 'Classic' in its title.
- したがって、説明を担う話芸者が舞台に登場することは自然な流れであったと考えられる。
- Therefore, it seems natural for a storytelling artist to have appeared on stage and narrated movies.
- 現在日本国民の大多数が死刑を肯定する立場にあり、廃止を訴える国民は依然少数である。
- Today, a majority of Japanese citizens have a positive position regarding capital punishment, and there are still very few who are calling for its abolition.
- 容器に移し替えた後、3時間程度、自然に放熱させ、固める(冷蔵庫では失敗しやすい)。
- Once moved into a container, the tengusa is then left for about three hours to lose heat naturally, until set (it tends to fail that the tengusa is cooled in a refrigerator).
- 香(こう、incense)とは、本来、伽羅、沈香、白檀などの天然香木の香りをさす。
- 'Ko' originally referred to fragrances of natural aromatic trees such as eaglewood, agalloch, and sandalwood.
- 瓶長、甕長、甌長(かめおさ)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- Kameosa is a Japanese specter that is introduced in 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (One hundred bags in idleness), a collection of specters illustrations by Sekien TORIYAMA.
- 1616年(元和2年)に得度して尭然と号し、1623年(元和9年)二品に叙せられた。
- In 1616, he became a monk and was named Gyonen, and he was appointed to nihon (the second rank for an Imperial Prince) in 1623.
- 全国各地で発生した自然災害に対して、ともに悲しみ、被災者をいたわる姿勢を見せている。
- The Emperor Akihito has grieved over the damages caused by natural disasters broke out nationwide along with the nation, having consoled the victims.
- 当然水口城も幾度となく修理修繕されているので、上に挙げた構成は造営当時の説明である。
- Obviously, since Minakuchi-jo Castle too was repaired many times, the structure shown above is from when it was built for the first time.
- 道路や水路・あぜ道などがある程度重なっていれば、条里遺構である蓋然性が高いと言える。
- If streets, ditches, or paths between rice fields align with the grid lines to some extent, it is highly probable to be jori remains.
- 川崎市南加瀬より出土の『自然釉秋草文壺』(慶應義塾大学所蔵)は国宝に指定されている。
- 'Shizenyu akikusamon tsubo vase' excavated from Minami-Kase, Kawasaki City (possessed by Keio University) is designated as a national treasure.
- また仮にもっとも遅い13世紀説が正しいとすれば、当然源平の争乱の後ということになる。
- Even if the later theory of the thirteenth century was correct, it was definitely after the Genpei War.
- 自然種としてはヤマザクラ、オオシマザクラ、エドヒガンなど10種ほどが認められている。
- There are 10 natural kinds of cherry blossoms including Yamazakura, Oshimazakura, Edohigan.
- 試合がないため過剰な稽古をする必要が無く、年齢体力に応じて自然に足腰の鍛練ができる。
- Because matches aren't held, there is no need for excessive training, and the discipline of the legs and loins can be done naturally depending on one's age and strength.
- 古田重然の弟古田重府は、織部改易の折に難を逃れて豊前小倉の萱野伝左衛門に身を寄せた。
- Shigefu (重府) FURUTA, a younger brother of Juzen FURUTA (a founder of the Oribe school), took refuge at Denzaemon KAYANO in the Kokura Domain, Buzen Province when the Oribe family was punished by being deprived of its fief.
- 同法第7章(第109条から第133条まで)では、「史跡名勝天然記念物」を扱っている。
- Chapter VII (Articles 109-133) of the Law handles 'historic sites and places of scenic beauty as natural monuments.'
- 俳諧の師匠宝井其角は偶然両国橋で笹売りに身をやつしている赤穂浪士の大高忠雄に出会う。
- Kikaku TAKARAI, a master of Haikai (seventeen-syllable verse), came across Tadao OTAKA, Ako Roshi (lordless samurai of Ako domain), who spent his time selling bamboo grass on the Ryogoku-bashi Bridge.
- 東海自然歩道が山中を通じており、東の石山寺方面から山頂付近、北の逢坂山方面を接続する。
- The Tokai-shizen-hodo, which passes through this mountain, connects the Ishiyama-dera Temple side in the east to the mountain top and to the Mt. Osaka side in the north.
- 明治3年(1870年)宮号が旧門跡との区別が判然としないとの理由で北白川宮に改称する。
- In 1870, he changed his reigning name to Kitashirakawanomiya because it was hard to distinguish it from the former monzeki (temple formerly led by founder of sect, temple in which resided a member of nobility or the Imperial family).
- 宗教組織は、依然として僧兵組織の維持や、戦闘拠点となりうる寺院の造営に力を振り分けた。
- Religious organizations still used powers for maintenance of organizations of armed priests and constructions of buildings for temples that could be used as the base of battle.
- 安土へ女はうしゆ御くたし候て、太政大臣か関白か将軍か、御すいにん候て可然候よし被申候。
- It was mentioned (written as '被申候') that an envoy with court ladies should be sent to Nobunaga in Azuchi to inform him that he should be endorsed for Daijo-daijin, Kanpaku, or Shogun.
- この段階になると、「荘民」という言葉は用いられなくなり、自然に消滅していくことになる。
- At this stage, the term 'shomin' was no longer used as it gradually and naturally disappeared.
- 又有卅五卦、六十四卦法、或一卦之下管載数名、或一卦之内挙多説然、而事繁多煩省、而不載。
- 又有卅五卦,六十四卦法,或一卦之下管載数名,或一卦之内挙多説然,而事繁多煩省,而不載.
- サツマイモの収穫直後に製造されるため、必然的に干しいもの製造は冬季から初春に行われる。
- Hoshi-imo is produced in winter through early spring as a logical consequence of using fresh sweet potato.
- 当然ながら品質としては片白、諸白の上に位置づけられる、当時の日本酒の最高品質であった。
- Naturally, it was of the best quality among the sake of the time and was ranked above katahaku (sake brewed from polished white rice and unpolished rice) and morohaku (sake of 100% polished white rice) in quality.
- 朝鮮半島経由で麹による酒造法が伝えられたのであれば、それは当然麦麹であったはずである。
- If the brewing method with rice malt was transmitted via the Korean Peninsula, naturally it would have been wheat malt.
- しかし、商業上の理由から天然色素や人工着色料を使って色をつけて売られているものが多い。
- However, for commercial reasons, gari that is colored with natural or artificial food coloring is often sold.
- また『徒然草』第72段に「多くて見苦しからぬは、文車の文、塵塚の塵」という一文がある。
- In addition, the 72nd chapter of 'Tsurezuregusa' (Essays in Idleness) says: 'The things that are not unsightly even if there are too many are books on fuguruma (a small cart with shafts, used for carrying books) and waste in chirizuka (dust heap).'
- 近代化以前の「村」は自然村(しぜんそん)ともいわれ、生活の場となる共同体の単位であった。
- A premodern 'village', also called a spontaneous village, was a unit of community where a group of people share a living space.
- 「自然と伝統を生かし、文化を創造する調和のとれたふれあいのまち」を町の標語に掲げていた。
- Kizu-cho once held the watchword, 'the town of nature and tradition which are both harmonized with the newly created culture, and which you can contact with.'
- この時期に摂政であり天皇であった昭和天皇は、天皇機関説を当然のものとして受け入れていた。
- The Emperor Showa, who was Sessho (emperor's chief advisor) and also the emperor at that time, accepted the Emperor Organ Theory as a matter of course.
- この「撤退すべき」という意見は、圧倒的兵力差と落とせない長篠城を考えれば、当然といえる。
- Considering the fact that the Takeda force was vastly outnumbered by the enemy force and that Nagashino Castle was indestructible, their advice 'to withdraw' was more than reasonable.
- 仏教寺院の運営には当然経費を要するため、寺院の収入源として寺田が設定されることとなった。
- Cost was naturally necessary for operating a temple, and jiden fields became set as a source of the incomes for the temples.
- 明国内においても銀と紙幣を機軸とする通貨体系に移行して銅銭鋳造の必然性が失われていった。
- In Ming, as the currency system based upon using both silver and paper money was established, the necessity of minting copper coins became lost.
- 澄元の実家である阿波細川家と、その有力被官である三好之長も当然義澄方であったと思われる。
- It is thought that the Awa Hosokawa family, who were the parents' family of Sumimoto, and Yukinaga MIYOSHI their influential hikan (low-level bureaucrat) were naturally on the side of Yoshizumi.
- しかしながら、扱う食材の種類が多いため、必然的に料理人の修行期間はそれらよりも長くなる。
- However, because the types of foodstuffs used are many, the period of training to become a chef is longer.
- 森羅万象に神(神道)や命や魂が宿るという自然崇拝・精霊崇拝(アニミズム)を内包している。
- It includes nature worship and animism, which believe that deities (Shintoism), lives and spirits exist in the universe.
- またその他にも、“合気系武道(・武術)”全般を漠然と指し示す普通名詞としての一面がある。
- Additionally, it's used as a common noun that vaguely refers to 'aiki martial arts' in general.
- なお学名の×は自然種間交雑種の表記であり、人工交配種の場合この表記は用いられないという。
- Furthermore, the x in scientific names is a way to indicate a natural hybrid, and it's said that the sign isn't not used in regard to artificial hybrids.
- また嘘から出た真の新助のおみよへの恋心の発露が極めて自然に描かれているのも特徴的である。
- It is also a feature of this play that Shinsuke's genuine love for Omiyo that started with a lie is expressed quite naturally.
- 「饗応」は春永の理不尽ないちゃもんに光秀の理路整然とした言いわけがうまく表現されている。
- In 'The Banquet,' there is an excellent depiction of Harunaga's unreasonable accusation and Mitsuhide's logical refutations.
- また前述の「文車の文」の箇所からは、同じく『百器徒然袋』の「文車妖妃」が創作されている。
- Further, the above-cited 'books on fuguruma' passage is also the source of creation for 'Fuguruma-yobi' introduced in the 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro.'
- 『百器徒然袋』中にある石燕の解説文によれば、外観は提灯の火だが、実体は狐火とされている。
- According to Sekien's commentary in the 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro,' the Burabura looks like a lantern light, however, it is actually believed to be a Kitsune-bi (a Japanese will-o'-the-wisp).
- 然るに流れ行く一瞬の時差により或るは官軍となり又或るは幕軍となって士道に殉じたので有ります
- Thus, their destiny led them to become either members of the Imperial forces or the Shogunate forces, and to die for the samurai code.
- 然しこの文書は写本であり、告文の裏面に校正したと但書きがあることから信憑性が疑われている。
- However, this is an uncertain theory because the document is in manuscript with a proviso on the back of the Imperial instruction stating that the contents were proofread.
- しかし、依然として京都は鎌倉を凌ぐ経済の中心地であり、朝廷や公家、寺社の勢力も強力だった。
- Yet throughout the period Kyoto remained ahead of Kamakura as the dominant metropolis economically, and the court, the nobility, and the religious establishments retained considerable power.
- 天龍寺船にも性海霊見・雲夢裔沢・南海宝洲・天然興雲・愚中周及など約60名の禅僧が乗船した。
- Approximately 60 Zen monks, including Shokai Reiken, Unbo Eitaku (雲夢裔沢), Nankai Hoshu (南海宝洲), Tennen Koun (天然興雲), and Guchu Shukyu, boarded the Tenryuji-bune.
- 当然、一つの地域にまとまって免田が存在しているわけではなく、各地に散在している状態だった。
- As a result, Menden did not exist together in one region but were scattered throughout the region.
- 日本の雛祭りはいつ頃から始まったのか歴史的には判然としないが、その起源はいくつか存在する。
- It is historically unclear when Hina-matsuri started in Japan, but there are several theories about its origin.
- 然しながら、現代における偽名は、中茎の錆色が不自然で、また地鉄も異なることから看破出来る。
- However, today, it is easy to detect a sword to which Gimei was inscribed; the color of rust on the haft with Gimei was unnatural, and the iron used is also different from the ancient times.
- 当然ながら一つ一つの柄も江戸小紋より大きく、抽象柄より具象柄が多く、見た目が華やかである。
- Therefore, its single pattern is larger and its appearance is gorgeous than Edo-komon, and it has more concreteness to the design than an abstract design.
- 空手と諸流の柔術や合気道、剣術等を学んだ小西康裕が創始した空手流派として神道自然流がある。
- Yasuhiro KONISHI, who learned the swordplay and various martial arts (such as karate, some schools of jujutsu, and aikido), established Shinto Jinen-ryu as his own karate school.
- 路上で突然始まり、衆目を集めたために、「俄かに始まる」という意味で、俄と呼ばれたとされる。
- This comic play is believed to have been named niwaka, which is a word meaning 'sudden' or 'suddenly,' as the performance always began suddenly on the street and attracted people's attention.
- 国家歳入の酒税に頼る割合は依然として高く、明治30年(1897年)には33.0%に達した。
- The percentage of liquor tax in the national revenue was still high and reached 33.0 percent in 1897.
- 枝の出し方には注意が必要であり、自然樹のように枝は曲の外側に残して、内側の枝は剪定をする。
- It is necessary to take care with the branch formation and leave the outward curving branches as in nature, while pruning the inward branches.
- 呉人(野守)が自然に感謝する描写と思われることから、一連の石鼓の掉尾に置かれることが多い。
- The poems are estimated to describe the scenes of Wu-ren (field guards) thanking the nature and, therefore, this is placed at the tail of the series of pieces of sekko.
- 譲位後の元慶3年(879年)、突然出家して無理な断食修行を行った末に病死したとされている。
- It is said that when Emperor Seiwa abdicated from the Imperial Throne in 879 and suddenly became a priest, he started an impossible fast but died due to his illness.
- しかし、別の資料によれば宮中では依然として「ごふかうさ」と読んでいたとされ、不審でもある。
- However, according to another source, the Emperor was still called 'Gofukausa' inside the Imperial Palace, and there is no proof of the above information.
- おりしも通りかかった加賀鳶の頭松蔵に見咎められるも、道玄は悠然と按摩の笛を吹いて立ち去る。
- Just that instant, he was questioned by Matsuzo, the head of Kagatobi, who happened to be passing by, but calmly walks away by playing a flute of massager.
- 1207年(建永2年・承元元年)、鎌倉幕府が興福寺の強訴に従い、法然は譛岐国に流罪となった。
- In 1207, the Kamakura bakufu bowed to the demands from Kofuku-ji Temple and Honen was exiled to Sanuki Province.
- 法然は「七箇条制誡」に門弟ら190名の署名を添えて延暦寺に送り、対天台については収束を見た。
- Honen sent 'The Seven Articles of Religious Commandments' with 190 signatures of monk followers to Enryaku-ji Temple and this settled the quarrel with Tendai.
- 708年(和銅元年)、秩父郡(ちちぶのこおり)で和銅(精錬の必要の無い自然銅)が発見された。
- Japanese copper, a domestic type that doesn't need refining, was found in the Chichibu district in the year 708.
- 年長の為平親王が東宮となることが当然視されていたが、実際に東宮になったのは守平親王であった。
- Imperial Prince Tamehira, who was the oldest, was assumed to become the Crown Prince, but in fact, Imperial Prince Morihira became the Crown Prince.
- 薩軍は防衛線を築いていながらも、突然の攻撃のため徐々に応戦できなくなり、植木方面に敗走した。
- The Satsuma army was gradually overwhelmed by the sudden attack so that it could not fight back in spite of the line of defense and fled to the Ueki area.
- 日高・牟婁郡の一部では依然抵抗が続いていたが、その他の地域はおおむね上方勢により制圧された。
- There were still some resistance in a part of the Hidaka and Muro Counties, but most of the other places were subdued by the Kamigata army.
- 明治維新によって死牛馬取得権などの特権を失った反面、差別は依然残り、部落解放運動につながった
- While they lost the privilege to receive dead horses and cattle and so on after the Meiji Restoration, the discrimination still continued, which led to the Buraku (discriminated communities) Liberation Movement.
- 本丸以外の堀を埋められ、裸同然となっていた大坂城は、もはや殺到する徳川方を防ぐ術がなかった。
- Osaka-jo Castle, which was completely defenseless with moats all filled up except in Honmaru, had no way to keep off the rushing Tokugawa army.
- 西側には比叡山の山脈があり、東側は琵琶湖に面していることから、天然の要害を具えた地であった。
- As the place faces the mountain range in the west that Mt. Hiei belongs to and Lake Biwa in the east, it was a natural fort.
- 一方で、黄砂による砂塵の運搬が、自然環境の中で重要な役割を果たしていることも指摘されている。
- On the other hand, it is also pointed out that the movement of dust due to kosa plays an important role in the natural environment.
- 「美術館」「美術家」「美術史」などの語も当然明治時代以降に使用されるようになったものである。
- Naturally, it was only in the Meiji period that the Japanese words related to 'bijutsu,' such as 'bijutsu-kan' (an art museum), 'bijutsu-ka' (an artist), and 'bijutsu-shi' (art history), began to be used.
- 性格は、与太郎が天然の馬鹿と設定されることが多いのに対し、どことなく醒めたところがみられる。
- He is somewhat cool in contrast to Yotaro who is a born idiot.
- 漢代に暦法は改訂さたが、依然として冬至は意識され続け、その日に祭天の儀は引き継がれ催された。
- The calendar was revised in the Han Dynasty, but the winter solstice continued to be remembered, and the ceremony of Saiten continued to be held.
- 歳時記(さいじき)とは、国や地方または各種団体の年中行事の事柄や自然の風物等をまとめた書物。
- Saijiki are books on the matters related with annual events by the national and local, or various organizations, and scenery and customs.
- 戦時体制に入るまでは和服の場合に限り従来の日本髪(と、白塗りの厚化粧)も依然として結われた。
- Before the wartime regime was established, the traditional Japanese coiffures were still worn (along with thick makeup like Shironuri [white makeup]) only when women wore Japanese clothes.
- それに対し、「天然紀念物(天然記念物)」の語を用いたのは、東京帝大の植物学教授三好学である。
- On the other hand, it was Manabu MIYOSHI, a professor of botany at Tokyo Imperial University who used the term 'natural monument.'
- したがって有資格者がいない学校も相当数あったことから習字成績の学校差は歴然たるものであった。
- Therefore, qualified teachers were unavailable at a significant number of schools, and the calligraphic skills of students was markedly dependent on the school.
- なお、この登山道は滋賀県道268号伊吹山上野線に指定されているが自動車通行は当然不可能である。
- This climbing trail is designated as Shiga prefectural road 268, Ibukiyama Ueno route, but automotive traffic is of course impossible.
- 然し、この文書は写本であり、告文の裏面に校正したと但書きがあることから信憑性を疑うむきもある。
- However, this is uncertain because the document is a manuscript with a proviso on the back stating that the contents were corrected.
- 1694年、霊元上皇は政務の天皇への移譲を宣言するものの、実権は依然として上皇の手中にあった。
- In 1694, although Retired Emperor Reigen announced to move the political base from his to the Emperor, the Retired Emperor still had power to rule the actual government.
- 記者の背後に突然現れ「おとうちゃんはここにおりますよ」と冗談めかして言い、驚かせたことがある。
- Then, by unexpectedly turning up behind the reporter while saying comically 'Dad is here,' the Emperor gave him a startle.
- ロシア側にとって、この通告がいかに突然であったかを知るには、ローゼン公使の対応を見てもわかる。
- How the notification caught Russia off-guard is visible in the response of Minister Rosen.
- これは、郷土の産物や山や川などの自然、あるいはその由来、古老の言い伝えなどを収めた地誌である。
- These were local reports which were composed of descriptions of local products, natural features such as mountains and rivers as well as their history and legends as told by old people.
- このような朝廷の下では、大政奉還後の新政権も徳川慶喜が主導するものになることが当然予想された。
- Under such Imperial Court, it was naturally expected that the new government after Taisei Hokan would be led by Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA.
- 依然として、屈辱の歴史の象徴であることには変わりはなく、保存か解体かの論議がしばしば再燃した。
- Still, it remained a symbol of the humiliating history, and debates about whether to conserve or to demolish were often recurred.
- 上級領主も当然こうした動きに対抗し、鎌倉時代後期から室町時代にかけて、両者間の紛争が頻発した。
- Naturally the upper-class feudal lord confronted such a movement, and the dispute between them occurred frequently from the late Kamakura period to the Muromachi period.
- 東北地方は関東の騒乱にほとんど巻き込まれることなく、当然中央の政争の影響もほとんど見られない。
- The Tohoku Region was hardly involved in turbulences in the Kanto Region and no trace of influences from political strife in the central part of Japan can be observed.
- 織部を武家らしい華やかさとすれば、遠州は茶の湯の心を用いて自然な雅やかさを加えたものと言える。
- If Oribe is samurai-like and flamboyant, Enshu can be said to portray a natural gracefulness with the heart of the way of tea.
- 浴衣の多様化によって、かつては一目瞭然であった浴衣以外の着物との境界は極めて曖昧になっている。
- The diversification of yukata has made the boundary between yukata and other clothing less distinct.
- 前者は稚貝放流事業で放流される物が殆どで成長した物でも稚貝が天然物か否か全く見分けがつかない。
- In most cases those fed on algae are released as a part of juvenile shellfish releasing activities, and it is impossible to tell from appearance alone whether an adult shellfish was born in the wild or artificially cultivated.
- 天然記念物クラスの枝振りが見事な桜や梅、歴史のある桜や梅などの下では茶席が設けられる事が多い。
- When hanami is held under a cherry tree or plum tree which is designated a natural treasure, or a historical cherry tree or plum tree, a tea-ceremony place is often set up.
- 自然居士は舟を題材にした中ノ舞、羯鼓の舞を見せ、めでたく幼い者を京都に連れ帰ることに成功した。
- Jinen Koji performs a Naka no mai (dance) and Kakko no mai (dance with a small drum), both about boats, and happily succeeds in taking the child back to Kyoto.
- また『百器徒然袋』の解説では、『平家物語』の作者とされる信濃前司行長が引き合いに出されている。
- Meanwhile, Sekien, in his comment on the Gotokuneko in the 'Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro,' refers to Shinano no Zenji Yukinaga who is considered to be the author of the 'Tale of the Heike.'
- 町組は近隣の町の連合体、自治組織であり、その起源は判然としないが、室町時代には存在が確認される。
- Chogumi was an union of neighboring towns and a self-governing organization, and although its origin is unclear, its existence can be confirmed already in the Muromachi period.
- 日帰り入浴施設の浴場は天然木をふんだんに使った内湯や日本海や竹林を望む露天風呂など意匠性が高い。
- Bathing facilities for customers visiting the hot spring for only the day are elaborate; for example, the indoor baths are made of natural wood with the Japan Sea viewable, and bamboo forests can be seen from the outdoor baths.
- これに対し角林文雄などの説では物語の構成・展開に信憑性を認め、発見は本当に偶然だったとしている。
- In contrast, the theory of Fumio KAKUBAYASHI, for instance, recognizes believability of the framework and development of the story, and has it that the discovery was really by chance.
- 後白河は福原を訪れて平氏との関係修復を模索するが、ここに突然、新たな要素として延暦寺が登場する。
- Goshirakawa visited Fukuhara to try to find ways to recover the relationship with the Taira clan, but suddenly the Enryaku-ji Temple became a new player in the game.
- 後者の散らし方は『寸松庵色紙』独特のもので、素朴な自然さの中に何とも言えぬ落ち着きを見せている。
- The latter is particular to the 'Sunshoan-shikishi' and shows indescribable composure in a simple naturalness.
- 自然界における個体数の減少、稚魚の減少にも直接つながっており、養殖産業自身も打撃を受けつつある。
- This, however, is directly related to a decrease in the amount of young eels as well as a decrease in the number of eels in the wild, and the aqua farming industry itself is starting to feel the impact.
- 演唱の場は主に、お座敷(4畳半)が多く、撥を使用すると音色が大き過ぎる為に自然と爪弾きとなった。
- Kouta was mainly performed in a Japanese-style drawing room of the size of four and a half tatami (a Japanese floor mat), so the player naturally began to pluck with its fingers, instead of the plectrum that made the sound too big for the room.
- なお、近年ではこの他に雑穀のアワ、ヒエ、キビを使った味噌が一部の自然食品店などで販売されている。
- In recent years, miso made from various grains such as foxtail millet, barnyard millet, and common millet, are also sold at some natural food stores.
- 天然ワカメが取れる磯や海域は畑や田と同じ不動産扱いされ、厳しい管理のもとで一族に代々相続される。
- The rocky shores and marine areas where natural seaweed can be caught are treated as property, like farms and rice fields; such areas are strictly controlled and have been subject to family succession for generations.
- 単に三種の楽器の組み合わせを漠然と「三曲」と呼んだ可能性もある (尺八は当道座の楽器ではない)。
- This could mean that any combination of three instruments were simply called 'sankyoku' (in fact, the Todo-za members did not play shakuhachi).
- そのため自然な低温環境である冬を利用して、中小の酒蔵では現在もさかんに寒造りがおこなわれている。
- For this reason brewers made use of naturally low temperatures in winter, and small and mid-sized sake brewers use kanzukuri brewing even today.
- 1919年(大正8年)の「史蹟名勝天然紀念物保存法」によって、記念物の法的な保護制度が確立した。
- By the 'Historical Spot, Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument Preservation Law' enacted in 1919, the legal system for protecting monuments was established.
- 古空穂(ふるうつぼ)または空穂(うつぼ)とは、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- Furu-utsubo or Utsubo is a Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book named 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]).
- なんらかの罪を犯したり不祥事を起こしたりしたわけでもない者を后位から退けることは当然できなかった。
- As a matter of course, no one could be dismissed from the position of the empress unless she committed a crime or misconduct.
- 平安時代の僧侶・源光(げんこう=法然が師事した比叡山の僧)については、源光 (僧侶)を参照のこと。
- As for a Buddhist monk in the Heian period, Genko (the Chinese characters are the same as MINAMOTONO Hikaru; a monk who lived in Mt. Hiei under whom Honen studied), refer to Genko (Buddhist monk).
- これに対し、物語の構成・展開に信憑性を認め、発見は本当に偶然だったとする説(角林文雄など)もある。
- On the other hand, there are some theories that say the discovery was really accidental, admitting the credibility of structure and development of the story (the one by Fumio KAKUBAYASHI).
- 釈迦の死んだ日とされる2月15日 (旧暦)が旧暦では必ず仏滅になるのは、偶然そうなっただけである。
- February 15 is considered to have been the day of Buddha's death (the old lunisolar calendar), but it is accidental that the day is always butsumetsu in the old lunisolar calendar.
- 律令制が事実上崩壊してからも、鎌倉時代においては、依然として各国に国衙が置かれ、国を支配していた。
- In Kamakura period, even after the Ritsuryo system virtually collapsed, Kokuga (administrative organ) was still placed in each province and controlled it.
- 一、戦、自然も我が勝利と相成り候気鋒相見え候とき、其節朝廷へ申上げきっと尽力の次第これあり候との事
- Article 2 : When the Choshu Domain's victory is near at hand, the Satsuma Domain shall immediately appeal to the Imperial Court to back up Choshu and make every effort to mediate a peace.
- ところが、安永8年(1779年)の末に、直武は突然謹慎を申し渡され、翌年5月には死去してしまった。
- At the end of 1779, however, Naotake was suddenly ordered to refrain from making public appearances and died in June of the following year.
- 皮に生息地の水の臭いやエサの臭いが残っているため、天然、養殖を問わずきれいな水に1日~2日いれる。
- Because the odor of the feed and the water in which they lived remains in their skin, they are put in clean water for one to two days regardless of whether they are wild or farm raised.
- 古田重然の創始による流儀で、侘茶法と式正茶法の両伝があると織部流十七世を称した浅野牧仙が提唱した。
- It was founded by Shigenari FURUTA, and the seventeenth Master of the Oribe School, Bokusen ASANO, proposed that there were two traditions, Wabi-cha and Shikisei Oribe.
- 甲冑を装着した武者同士の太刀による戦闘方法は、当然、巨人がただ刀を振り回せばよいものとは異なった。
- Unlike those with good builds, fighting styles between heavily-armored samurai was not simply swinging about swords.
- 当然「三曲」の範囲内で行なわれるので、地歌以外の三味線音楽では、三曲合奏はまずほとんど行なわない。
- Of course, sankyoku gasso is performed within 'sankyoku;' therefore, when shamisen is performed for the music other than Jiuta, the music is rarely performed in sankyoku gasso.
- 寒さの厳しい地方では、場所に限らず偶然の産物として発見され、普遍的に生産されてきた食品と見られる。
- In frigid regions, it was discovered accidentally regardless of the place, and therefore it seemed to be a universally manufactured food.
- 寒天の供給を絶たれた諸外国は自力による寒天製造を試み、自然に頼らない工業的な寒天製造法を開発した。
- The countries that would otherwise have imported kanten from Japan could no longer do so; consequently, they were forced to try producing kanten and eventually developed industrial methods of producing kanten without relying on natural conditions.
- これらの記念物は、動物個体にかかわる天然記念物を除くと、いずれも土地にかかわる文化財となっている。
- All cultural properties of such monuments, except for natural monuments relating to individual animals, relate to lands.
- 師長が宿を借りた塩屋の主の求めに応じて琵琶を弾いていると、突然雨が降り出し、演奏は中断してしまう。
- When Moronaga was playing biwa at the request of the master of a shioya (a cottage where salt is made in pans) who let him stay the night, suddenly rain began to fall and he was forced to stop playing.
- 鞍野郎(くらやろう)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪の一つで、馬具の鞍の妖怪。
- Kurayaro (literally, saddle guy) is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]) and is a yokai of horse saddles.
- 経凛々(きょうりんりん)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪の一つで、経典の妖怪。
- A Kyo rin rin is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]), and a yokai of Buddhist scriptures.
- この名は、「天性のものを失わず自然に、飾ることなく、ありのままに人生を歩む」願いを込めて命名された。
- The name was given in the hope that 'She will go through her life as she is without losing her gift and showing vanity.'
- 2006年の悠仁親王生誕により、一応は皇位継承者を確保できたが、依然として継承者不足に変わりはない。
- After Imperial Hisahito was born in 2006, there was a sense of relief to have an Imperial successor, however the situation is still the same that there are not enough successors to succeed to the throne.
- これには、一箇所で食国法とあっても、他の箇所は皇位継承法として理解するほうが自然だという判断もある。
- Their argument stands on the belief that even if the description, the law of the nation's governance, is used in one place, it is rather natural to understand that the rest of the part is referring to the imperial succession code.
- そのため朝鮮人ともめ事を起こすことになっていくが、当然、対馬商人たちは日本側が引き取り裁判を行った。
- The merchants in Tsushima began to cause troubles with Korean people, but naturally they were taken in and tried by the Japanese court.
- 当然、本所側は反発し、中央政府と幕府の調整の結果、地頭の設置は平氏没官領と謀反人領のみに限定された。
- Naturally the honjo side objected to this and as the result of negotiation between the central government and the bakufu, the set up of jito was limited only to Heishi mokkanryo (land rights confiscated by the Kamakura bakufu from the Taira family) and muhonninryo (land rights confiscated by the Kamakura bakufu from rebels).
- 松永久秀や三好義継、三好三人衆らと結んで挙兵し、公然と敵対行動を見せた足利義昭を討伐するためである。
- The purpose was to subdugate Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, who was openly showing hostile behavior, and had raised an army with Hisahide MATSUNAGA, Yoshitsugu MIYOSHI and Miyoshi sanninshu (Nagayuki MIYOSHU, Masayasu MIYOSHI and Tomomichi IWANARI).
- 牓示は自然物(岩や立木など)がその役目を果たすこともあったが、通常は木や石で作られた柱が用いられた。
- Under normal circumstances, poles made of wood or stone were put up as boji though natural objects (rocks or trees) sometimes played the role of boji.
- 明治時代に入っても、依然として馬による輸送が重視されて「陸運会社」の結成が新政府によって奨励された。
- Even as it became the Meiji period, transportation by horses was still valued, and an establishment of a 'land transportation company' was encouraged by the new government.
- 静岡県富士宮市に日本最古級のヤマザクラである狩宿の下馬ザクラがあり、特別天然記念物に指定されている。
- In Fujinomiya City, Shizuoka Prefecture, there is Kariyado no Gebazakura, the oldest Yamazakura in Japan, which has been designated as a special Japanese national treasure.
- 単なる自然描写や心情の吐露の域を脱し、純音楽として高踏的な芸術性を発揮している曲も決して少なくない。
- There are many pieces that demonstrate Parnassian artistry in the form of pure music, having transcended the simple illustration of nature or the effusion of emotions.
- これは羊の肉を煮たスープの類だが、冷めることで肉のゼラチンによって固まり、自然に煮凝りの状態となる。
- The broth made by boiling mutton becomes jellied due to gelatin of the meat as it gets cold.
- 当然父として憤った五左衛門は無理やり嫌がるおさんを引っ張って連れ帰り、親の権利で治兵衛と離縁させた。
- Gozaemon who naturally got mad as a father forced unwilling Osan to bring back home, and had her divorce Jihe using the right as a parent.
- 未然形の語幹の母音と結びつく場合には長母音化を起こすが、その直前に-y-の音が挿入されることがある。
- It becomes a long vowel when followed by a thematic vowel of the imperfective form, but a sound '-y-' is sometimes inserted immediately before it.
- 初期には出雲阿国や古田重然に代表されるように桃山文化の影響を受けた「かぶき」の文化が一世を風靡した。
- During the initial stage, 'kabuki' culture, which was influenced by Momoyama-bunka and represented by Izumo no okuni and Shigenari FURUTA, became very popular.
- 勘平は盗賊が大金の入った財布を持っていることに偶然に気づき、持ち主を失ったその財布を横領してしまう。
- By accident, Kanpei realizes that the robber has a wallet with a large sum of money inside, and he takes the wallet.
- 当然、後醍醐天皇は邦良親王や持明院統、そしてこのような皇位継承を決めた鎌倉幕府に対して激しく反発した。
- Naturally, Emperor Godaigo strenuously rebelled against Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi, the Jimyoin line and the Kamakura bakufu which decided on such a succession.
- 三輪山は、おそらく縄文時代、あるいは弥生時代から、自然物崇拝をする原始信仰の対象であったとされている。
- It is said that Mt. Miwa has been worshipped as a god, perhaps, since Jomon period or Yayoi period, as an object of primitive belief in natural objects.
- 1467年9月27日(応仁元年8月29日)、突然、義視が東軍を出奔して伊勢国の北畠教具の元に身をおく。
- On September 27, 1467, Yoshimi suddenly ran away from the Eastern camp and took refuge with Noritomo KITABATAKE of Ise Province.
- まさに歴史の皮肉としか言えないが、幕府が容堂を藩主にまで押し上げた事実を考えれば、当然の事でもあった。
- This was truly an irony of history, but it was also very logical, considering the fact that Bakufu had placed Yodo in a position as daimyo.
- 市の北端のかわきた自然運動公園内に、木津川 (京都府)、宇治川、桂川 (淀川水系)の3川合流点がある。
- There is a joining of the Kizu-gawa River, Uji-gawa River, and the Yodo-gawa River in Kawakita Nature and Sports Park located in the northern edge of the city.
- 「土佐日記」では桂川の字を、「日本紀略」では大堰川の字を、「徒然草」では大井川の字を見ることができる。
- The Tosa Nikki (Tosa Diary) describes the river as the Katsura-gawa River, '桂川'; in the Nihon Kiryaku (historical books written in the Heian period), the river is known as the Oi-gawa River, '大堰川'; and in the Tsurezure-gusa (a collection of essays written in the early 1330s), the river is referred to as the Oi-gawa River, '大井川.'
- 信保は永正年間の初め頃に空然を還俗させて足利義明と名乗らせ、下総小弓城に迎えて小弓公方として擁立した。
- Around the early Eisho era, Nobuyasu had Konen return to secular life by changing his name to Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, and brought him into Oyumi-jo Castle in Shimousa Province to make him Oyumi-kubo.
- 曲尺の尺は西洋のフィートと非常に近い長さであるが、どちらも足を基準にしているためであり、偶然ではない。
- The fact 1 shaku of the kane-jaku was quite close to the unit of feet used in the Western countries was not by chance because both units were based on the length defined by the measurement of a foot.
- 憲法施行当初は超然主義を唱えた藩閥政治家や官僚らにより天皇主権を中心とした君権学派の解釈が重用された。
- Initially, when the Constitution took effect, interpretation by the monarch school sect focusing on imperial sovereignty was valued by domain clique politicians and bureaucrats who promulgated the idea of the doctrine of superiority.
- 後に板垣退助や片岡健吉が帰郷し、江藤も佐賀の乱に加わったため活動を停止し、自然消滅を迎えることとなる。
- Later, as Taisuke ITAGAKI and Kenkichi KATAOKA went home and Eto participated in Saga War, the party stopped its activities and died out.
- 黄砂は少なくとも数万年前から発生しており、自然現象であって完全に防ぐことはできないという考え方もある。
- There is also the view of considering that kosa is a natural phenomenon having occurred at least last several tens of thousand years and it is impossible to prevent damage due to it completely.
- 鉱物を磨り潰して粉末にした天然岩絵具、色ガラス粉末の合成岩絵具、胡粉等を染料で着色した泥絵具等がある。
- Several kinds of pigments are used in Japanese painting, including natural mineral pigments made from powdered minerals, synthetic mineral pigments made from colored glass powder, and mud pigments made from colored whitewash or other materials.
- 明応の政変以来の義稙の支持者である河内畠山氏(尾州家)の畠山尚順も当然義稙方であったと思われるが不明。
- The Kawachi Hatakeyama clan (the Bishu family) who had supported Yoshitane since the Coup of Meio was also thought to be with Yoshitane; however, the fact is unknown.
- 付喪神となりうる寄り代も森羅万象であり、人工の器物(道具)や建造物の他、動植物や自然の山河などに及ぶ。
- Yorishiro that could become Tsukumogami were shinrabansho, including artificial tools and buildings, animals and plants as well as natural mountains and rivers.
- 自然の一部である天気や気候においても、適度な晴れや雨は実りや慈雨であるが、過ぎれば日照りや水害になる。
- Even in weather and climate, an appropriate amount of sunny weather and rain means good harvest and fruitful rain, but too much of them can cause drought and floods.
- 寺子屋や藩校の普及により読み書き算盤が広く浸透し、幕府奨励の儒学のほかに本草学などの自然科学が育った。
- Due to the spread of Terakoya (Temple elementary schools during the Edo period) and Hanko (a domain school), reading, writing and arithmetic penetrated widely, and in addition to Confucianism recommended by the bakufu, natural science including herbalism developed.
- その運動のは同22年(1989年)の東京美術学校の設立へと結実し、その結果として鑑画会は自然消滅した。
- The movement led to the establishment of Tokyo School of Art in 1989 and as a result, the Kangakai disappeared on its own.
- 治承4年(1180年)2月21日に践祚し、4月22日に2歳で即位するが、当然、政治の実権は清盛が握る。
- He ascended to the throne on February 21, 1180 and was officially enthroned on April 22, when he was two years old; however, Kiyomori took actual control of the government.
- 鳴釜(なりかま、なりがま)または釜鳴(かまなり)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』にある日本の妖怪。
- A Narikama (also called Narigama or Kamanari) is one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]).
- 現代では東海自然歩道が山中を通過しており、また山頂からの展望も良いことから、一年を通じてハイカーが多い。
- Today, since the Tokai-shizen-hodo (Tokai walking path full of nature) runs through the mountain and the view from the mountain top is beautiful, many hikers visit this mountain all year round.
- これに対して後白河は近衛天皇急死により突然皇位を継いだこともあり、頼れるのは信西のみで状況は不利だった。
- But Goshirakawa himself had hastily been raised to the throne upon the sudden death of Emperor Konoe, so he was at a distinct disadvantage against the Nijo faction, and the only one he could rely upon was Shinzei.
- 三浦峠北側には2点の自然石道標が知られており、それぞれ川から25町 (単位)および30丁のところにある。
- At the north of Miura Pass, there are two natural stone guideposts; the one is about 2725 meters away from the river, and another is about 3270 meters away from the river.
- 日本書紀には「十市皇女、卒然に病発して、宮中に薨せぬ」と記されており、14日に大和の赤穂の地に葬られた。
- It is written in Nihonshoki that 'Tochi no Himemiko was suddenly taken ill and died in the court' and buried in Ako in Yamato Province on May 13.
- また、のちに石田三成の挙兵に加担する大谷吉継・増田長盛との関係がこの時点から強調される点も不自然と指摘。
- Moreover, he pointed out that the emphasis placed on the relationship between Yoshitsugu OTANI and Nagamori MASHITA, who was later involved in raising an army for Mitsunari ISHIDA, was not natural.
- そのとき警備を担当していた滋賀県警巡査の津田三蔵が突然サーベルを抜いて斬りかかり、ニコライを負傷させた。
- Then, Nicholas was attacked by Sanzo TSUDA, a patrol officer of Shiga Prefecture and one of his escort policemen, who swung at Nicholas with a saber and injured him.
- むしろ、下克上やより利害を違えた場合、鞍替えすることが当然視されるに及んでより顕著となったといってよい。
- Rather, it was even more apparent when vassals began changing masters in the event of a serious conflict of interest and Gekokujo (a revolt of vassals against their lords) became a matter of course.
- 溶岩焼き料理 - 石焼きの一種で、天然の溶岩石製の溶岩石板または溶岩石プレートを使用する場合は溶岩焼き。
- Yogan-yaki dishes: A type of ishi-yaki dishes (dishes in which foodstuffs are roasted on a hot stone); When a natural lava plate is used for this purpose, the dishes are called yogan (lava)-yaki.
- 腹から裂いた場合蒸す過程で外側の身が割れて串から外れてしまうため、外側が厚くなる背開きが必然でもあった。
- If the eel was split open from the belly side, the flesh on the edges would break apart and fall off the skewers, therefore it was necessary to split open from the back side so that the edges would be thick enough.
- 園芸家による人工的な品種改良作出説と、自然交雑した物を、園芸家が挿し木によって増やしたという説とがある。
- There are theories that it was selected and bred artificially by gardeners, or that the natural hybrid tree was propagated by gardeners who planted cuttings.
- ソメイヨシノが自然交雑種なのか、人工交配種なのかは不明だとして、この学名の妥当性に疑問を呈する声もある。
- It isn't known whether Someiyoshino is a natural hybrid or an artificial hybrid, but some opinions have expressed doubt regarding the validity of this scientific name.
- 近年は大豆の青臭さを抑えられる製法が開発され、健康志向・自然志向も手伝って無調整豆乳の需要が増えている。
- A process for controlling the raw soybean odor has recently been developed, so the demand for plain soymilk is increasing due in part to the desire for healthful, natural products.
- 「社会状勢が変り、作者の主観が異り、用具が新に発明さるるならば、更に新しい様式が生れる可きは当然である。
- 'If the social situation changes, if each author's sensitivity is different and if new writing tools are invented, it is natural that a new calligraphic style will be generated.
- 関東を平定した頼朝は父祖ゆかりの地であり、天然の要害である鎌倉に入り、大倉(大蔵)という場所に館を設ける。
- Yoritomo who had conquered the Kanto region, entered Kamakura, his ancestors' land and a natural fortress, and established his residence at Okura.
- 現在は、県立自然公園に指定されており、山野草、高山植物、鳥獣なども多く見られ、登山道の整備も行われている。
- Today Taki mountain range has been designated as a prefectural natural park; it abounds in wild grasses and flowers, alpine plants, birds and animals and so on, and the trails have been developed.
- だが、第9代開化天皇以前は、考古学的に見て後世になって築造された古墳か、自然丘陵のいずれかが存在している。
- However, burial mounds for Kaika, the ninth emperor, and earlier are either burial mounds that are likely to have been built in later periods from an archaeological viewpoint or natural hills.
- 同39年10月、「菟砥川上宮」(うとのかわかみのみや。現在の大阪府阪南市自然田付近か?)にて剣千振を作る。
- In the tenth month of the 39th year of the same reign, he made one thousand swords at Utonokawakami no miya Shrine, which was possibly in the vicinity of present Jinenda, Hannan City, Osaka Prefecture).
- そして、第二次世界大戦に日本が敗北し言論に対するタブーが霧散すると、俄然変死説が論壇をにぎわすようになる。
- After Japan lost World War Ⅱ, when the freedom of speech was returned to society, the theory of the Emperor's unnatural death was suddenly back in the world of criticism.
- だが、天皇は退位を拒絶し続けて事態が膠着している最中、突然邦良親王が27歳の若さで急死してしまうのである。
- However, while the Emperor refused to abdicate the throne and there was no progress in the situation, Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi suddenly died when he was just twenty seven years old.
- だが、四国阿波には三好義賢の後を継いだ三好長治が実弟の十河存保とともに依然として四国東部に覇を唱えていた。
- But in Awa Province in Shikoku, Nagaharu MIYOSHI who had succeeded Yoshikata MIYOSHI and his real brother Masayasu SOGO still exerted their influence in eastern part of Shikoku.
- 両局は依然として「地下官人之棟梁」として認識され(『正徳公家鑑』)、平田家はそれより下位と看做されていた。
- Kyokumu' and 'kanmu' were still recognized as 'the heads of the lower ranking officials' (according to 'Shotoku kuge ran'), whereas the Hirata family was regarded as lower than the two families.
- 出生率は1.8を超えるなど全国的な傾向からは高いものの、2004年には人口動態が初めて自然減となっている。
- Although the birth ratio is over 1.8 and higher than the national average, dynamic trends in the population caused a natural reduction to occur for the first time in 2004.
- 黒田は、北海道の開拓に難渋する現状では自然条件がいっそう不利な樺太まで手が回らないという考えを抱いていた。
- KURODA thought that as the reclamation of Hokkaido was not going smoothly, it was too much work for the government to develop Sakhalin as it was under more severe natural conditions.
- しかし、民衆の間には、賎民に対する差別意識が根強く残り、平民の間から新平民との呼称が自然発生的に成立した。
- However, a sense of discrimination toward Senmin was prevalent among the people, and the name 'Shin-Heimin (new commoner)' was spontaneously established from Heimin (commoner).
- これは権力に対する独立・中立性の放棄であり、寺社側が拒否したのも「無縁」の思想からすれば当然のことである。
- This was equal to the abandonment of independency and neutrality against authority, so that it is natural that the temples and shrines rejected these requests with the idea of 'Muen.'
- また、欧化主義によって日本の文化を旧態依然の古い物とする考え方も登場し、伝統文化が危機に陥った事もあった。
- The idea of Japanese culture being old-fashioned was born due to the theory of Europeanization, jeopardizing Japanese traditional culture.
- 米1石は大人1人の1年間の消費量に相当することから、米1石が穫れる面積を単位とするのは自然なことであった。
- 1 koku of rice corresponded to the yearly consumption of rice per adult; therefore it was natural to make an area, brought 1 koku of rice, into a unit.
- 突然独裁者である義教を失った幕府は、管領の細川持之の指導力が欠如していたことから機能停止に陥ってしまった。
- The bakufu that lost Yoshinori, an absolute ruler, came to a standstill as the kanrei, Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA, lacked leadership.
- が、納銭方に任ぜられるのは土倉・酒屋の中の有力者で、自然と幕府の経済政策に対する影響が大きくなっていった。
- However, powerful owners of doso-sakaya were appointed to Nosenkata and they naturally came to affect the bakufu's economic policy.
- 水車はその百年以上も前に、「徒然草」(第五十一段)に記されており、当時には農民達の手で取り付けられていた。
- As described in 'Tsurezuregusa' (Essays in Idleness) (in the 51st section) written 100 or more years ago, water wheels were built and used by farmers themselves at that time.
- 南巻 王昌齢『詩格』、皎然『詩議』、(唐)殷璠『河岳英霊集』、元兢『古今詩人秀句』(西晋)、陸機「文賦」。
- The volume of South: 'Poetry Rules' by Wang Changling, 'Discussion on Poetry' by Jiaoran, 'He yue ying ling ji' by Yin Fan in China (Tang), 'Elegant Lines of Poets Past' by Yuan Jing in China (Western Jin), 'About Prose and Rhapodies' by Lu Ji.
- 日本建築においては、天然素材と建物の外部と内部の空間の調和へのこだわりという日本人の嗜好がよく現れている。
- Japanese architecture represents the Japanese preference, placing an emphasis on natural materials and the harmonic unity of the outside and inside of a building.
- 自然現象・植物・動物・日用品などを図案化し、規則正しく幾何学的に繰り返すことによって文様を表すことが多い。
- Most of these patterns are a regular geometric repetition of a design of a natural phenomenon, plant, animal or daily necessity.
- そして世界各地には自然と共生をはかり、慎ましやかに暮らしている狩猟民族が、今日も日々の糧を弓矢で得ている。
- In addition, hunters who try to live together with nature and live humbly get food for living by Yumiya even today.
- しかし、都市部から離れた地域(農村部)では依然として、農業を基盤とした伝統的な行事や生活習慣が続いていた。
- However, traditional events and lifestyles based on agriculture still continued in areas (rural areas) far from urban areas.
- しかし、源五兵衛は穏やかに、今までの行きがかりを捨て今後は兄弟同然に付き合って欲しいと持参した酒樽を渡す。
- However, Gengobe gently asks them to forget the whole things which happened between them and to get along well from now on like brothers and sisters, and he offers a small sake barrel.
- また記念物(史跡・名勝・天然記念物関係)についても従来の指定制度を補完するものとして登録制度が導入された。
- Moreover, the registration system was introduced to monuments (historic sites, scenic spots and natural monuments) in order to complement the conventional designation system.
- この天然由来のろうそくは煤がほとんど出ないため、結果的にろうそくを受けるカップの清掃作業回数も削減された。
- The candles made from natural materials emit little soot, so, as a result, the number of cleaning up the cups that hold candles has decreased.
- 元治元年(1864年)6月5日の池田屋事件では尊王攘夷派の蜂起の計画を未然に防ぎ、また、禁門の変でも戦った。
- In the Ikedaya Incident of June 5, 1864, they prevented a planned uprising by the Sonno-joi Party, and also fought in the Forbidden Gates Incident.
- 平成19年(2007年)の佐賀県行幸の際、到着した天皇を出迎えた市民の一部が自然発生的に君が代を歌い始めた。
- During the Imperial visit to Saga Prefecture in 2007, there was an episode that some citizens welcomed the Emperor spontaneously started singing Japan's national anthem.
- また、当然信長としても鶴翼包囲を予見し、限られた数の鉄砲を両翼に集中的に配置していたと考えるのが自然である。
- Naturally, Nobunaga would have anticipated the two-flanking wings formation to concentrate gunners whose availability was limited on both wings.
- また、当時として異例の野戦築城は、それ自体が重要な史実であると同時に、当然武田軍にとって初めての経験である。
- The field fortification, which was unusual at that time and which is itself an important historical fact, was something that the Takeda forces experienced for the first time.
- ただし、黄砂や黄砂被害の変化と、その原因とされる自然環境の変化や人為的な要因については、まだ不明な点もある。
- However, the following still remains unclear: Kosa and changes in damage due to kosa, and changes in the natural environments and artificial factors that are considered constituting the cause.
- 騒然とした雰囲気のなか、正午過ぎの午後1時20分天皇は自動車に乗って到着し、進講のため本部の会議室に入った。
- The Emperor arrived by car at 1:20 pm in an atmosphere of disquiet and entered a conference room in the headquarters in order to have a briefing.
- 名簿(みょうぶ)を差し出すことによって得られる対価が何であるかによってもその結合度が変化するのは当然である。
- The level of unity differed with the value of what could be gained by myobu submission.
- 輸入も行われるようになったとはいえ、野生のウナギ(天然もの)の人気は根強く、釣りや延縄などで漁獲されている。
- Although eels are imported, wild eels (eels caught in the wild) remain strong in popularity, and they are caught by angling and by longlines.
- 桜の中では最も長寿な品種の一つで、「石割桜」や「神代桜」など、国の天然記念物に指定されているものも少なくない
- It is one of the longest-lived species and many of them are designated as a precious natural treasure, including 'Ishiwarizakura' and 'Jindaizakura.'
- 各地侍が勢力を保つため情報収集戦とゲリラ戦が日夜行われ、「忍術」が自然発生したのではないかと考えられている。
- It is considered that 'Ninjutsu' arose spontaneously in the condition that each jizamurai always fought an information war and a guerrilla war to maintain power.
- 盆の中に山水景観を表現する盆石、盆景の中に自然石を置くことや、奇石の収集・鑑賞趣味として現在に伝わっている。
- Suiseki has still continued as a hobby of appreciating 'bonseki' stones which represents landscape scenery on a tray, or placing natural stones in 'bonkei' tray landscape, or viewing and collecting rocks of unusual shape.
- 小堀遠州政一は羽柴秀長の家老を務めた小堀正次の子で名は正一といい、若い頃から古田重然のもとで茶の湯を学んだ。
- Enshu Masakazu KOBORI was the child of Masatsugu KOBORI who was chief retainer of Hidenaga HASHIBA, and from a young age he studied tea ceremony under Shigenari FURUTA.
- この点については、各化粧品メーカーも承知してるようで、自然の肌色、肌の質感に極力近づけるように研究中らしい。
- Every cosmetics manufacturer understands this issue, and are continually researching how to get as close as possible to the natural color and feel of skin.
- 流祖の古田織部は美濃の古田重定の子で、字は左介、諱を重然といい、伯父重安の養子となり、中川清秀の妹を娶った。
- The founder, Oribe FURUTA, was the son of Shigesada FURUTA of Mino (his usual name was Sasuke and his posthumous name was Shigenari), but he was adopted by his uncle Shigeyasu and married the sister of Kiyohide NAKAGAWA.
- そのため、殻頂部の色はアワビが天然ものか養殖放流ものかを見分ける印として用いられ、グリーンマークとよばれる。
- That is why the color of the top of the shell is called the 'Green Mark,' used as a sign to discern whether the awabi is a natural product or a farm-raised one released into the wild.
- 農林水産省にてレイメイの乾燥種子に30Krのγ線を照射して突然変異を起こさせ、長野県農事試験場にて系統育種。
- MAFF caused mutation through the 30 Kr gamma irradiation of dry seed of Reimei, and Nagano Agricultural Experiment Station conducted the line breeding.
- それゆえ、この国に棲む人々は四季の移ろいに敏感で、穏やかではあるが自然に対して感受性の鋭い国民性が育まれた。
- Therefore, people living in this country are sensitive to changes of the seasons, and are modest, but, the nationality of being very sensitive to the nature was fostered.
- 『百器徒然袋』の解説文によれば、この「古空穂」は元は那須野ヶ原で野干を射たという三浦義明の空穂だったとある。
- According to the expository writing of 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro,' the 'Furu-utsubo' (an old quiver) used to belong to Yoshiaki MIURA who shot yakan (Buddhist legendary animals, which initially referred to jackals in India and later foxes in Japan) in Nasunogahara fields.
- 現代の鎌倉は、多くの史跡・文化財と良好な自然環境を残した国際観光都市として栄え、多くの観光客を惹き付けている。
- Today's Kamakura has flourished as a city for international tourism that has many historic sites and cultural assets with pleasant natural environments, attracting many tourists.
- 保護の対象にするべきとして、特別天然記念物に指定されており、うち春日山の照葉樹林は国の名勝にも指定されている。
- To protect the area, Kasugayama Primeval Forest is designated as a special natural treasure, and the laurel forest of Mt. Kasuga is designated as a state scenic beauty.
- 漂着同然で各地に入港する外国船からの伝染病の脅威は幕府施薬院の成立と共に検疫強化に踏み切ったという見方もある。
- Another viewpoint claims that the Bakufu embarked on strengthening its quarantine practices in addition to establishing the Bakufu Seyaku-in (Pharmacy Institution), citing the threat of infectious diseases brought in by foreign ships entering ports in various regions in conditions that were no better than drifting ships.
- (なお、この場に桂川甫周がいたとする説もあるが、『蘭学事始』の記述からは、いなかったと考えるのが自然である)。
- (There is a theory that they were joined by Hoshu KATSURAGAWA, but it should be more natural to understand he did not attend there, judging from descriptions of 'Rangaku Kotohajime' [The Beginning of Dutch Studies] written by Genpaku SUGITA at a later stage).
- なお、共通法は、その性質上当然に(領土ではない関東州や南洋群島も含む)外地にも施行されるべき法律とされていた。
- The Common law was considered applicable to overseas territories (including the Kwantung Leased Territory and the South Sea Islands which were not Japan's territories) due to the nature.
- 以降、大映は純然たる民間映画会社として存続する(他の「統制会社」が敗戦で解散した中では、珍しいケースである)。
- From this point in time Daiei operated as a purely private company, a rare case among the 'government-integrated companies' that were dissolved after Japan's defeat.
- 天平9年(737年)の天然痘の大流行の際に典薬寮から出された勘文が対処案として『類聚符宣抄』に採録されている。
- Kanmon submitted by Tenyakuryo (the Bureau of Medicine) when the epidemic of smallpox occurred in 737 was recorded as a countermeasure in 'Ruiju fusensho' (A collection of official documents dating from the years 737 to 1093).
- 30歳を超えて茶を志したという紹鴎と茶話を交わしたとすればこれまた百歳翁ということになり、不自然さは否めない。
- If he chatted over tea with Joo, who determined to learn tea ceremony when he was over 30; it means he was a centenarian and there's no denying that it is unnatural.
- 『百器徒然袋』には、壊れた文車から子鬼が出て来たり、それを持っていて恨んでいる顔をした女性として描かれている。
- In 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro,' it was depicted as a baby ogre which appeared from a broken fuguruma or a woman who held it with an expression of grudge.
- その他の種に関しては天然の現存量が多い、もしくは前述の種より利用価値が低いことから、養殖法が確立されていない。
- As for other species, the cultivate method is not established, because they can grow naturally in plenty, or they are less useful than the species mentioned above.
- 天然酵母が育てた塩昆布「舞昆」という新しい発酵食品を開発した「こうはら本店」は食品昆布発酵技術の先駆けである。
- Kohara Honten Corporation is a pioneer in the ferment technology of kelp, which developed a new fermented food called 'Maikon,' shio-konbu fostered by wild yeasts.
- 「文化記念物(独:Kulturdenkmal)」と「自然記念物(独:Naturdenkmal)」に分類される。
- Monuments are categorized into 'Cultural Monuments (Kulturdenkmal)' and 'Natural Monuments (Naturdenkmal).'
- 已然形で結ぶ「こそ」の係結びも、逆接の接続助詞を伴ったものが増えてきたが、連体形係結びに比べて後代まで残った。
- Linked forms in which the existence of 'koso' caused the sentence to end with a classical imperfective form were more and more often accompanied by an adversative conjunction but remained for a longer time than the linked forms with an attributive form.
- 醗酵している醪を自然に放置しておくと、上記の分解がどんどん進んでいくが、けっしてそれは無限に続く作用ではない。
- If the fermenting moromi is left by itself, the decomposition mentioned above progresses steadily, but it never lasts indefinitely.
- その後もついに男御子が生まれることはなく、天皇が29歳の若さで崩御した半年足らず後に、威子もまた天然痘で崩じた。
- She eventually had no sons and died of smallpox less than half a year after the death of the Emperor, who died young at the age of 29.
- 以後鎌足の子孫は藤原氏を名乗ったが、本系は依然として中臣を称し、代々神祇官・伊勢神官など神事・祭祀職を世襲した。
- The descendants of Kamatari declared themselves the Fujiwara clan while the original line continued to use the name of Nakatomi and maintained their hereditary position of Shinto rituals and religious services providers such as Jingikan (department of worship) and a Shinto priest of Ise-jingu Shrine for generations.
- 例えば、上記殺虫効果は、銅イオンが溶出することによると考えられるが、銅イオンが溶出すれば当然十円硬貨は腐食する。
- For example, the pesticidal effect described above is caused by the elution of copper ion from the coin, which of course causes the erosion of 10-yen coins.
- 1900年(明治33年)9月15日、超然主義の破綻と政党政治の必要性を感じた伊藤博文が自らの与党として組織した。
- On September 15, 1900, Hirobumi ITO organized it as his ruling party since he became aware of the collapse of the doctrine of superiority and the necessity of party government.
- 家督相続や分家とは異なり、新たに戸主になる者の意思とは無関係に、法律の規定により当然に家が設立される場合をいう。
- Unlike succession of a family or creation of a branch family, this is a case that a household will be created by laws, regardless of will of a new family head.
- 中世以後においては、「公家御下知違背事也」(『沙汰未練書』)と解され、漠然と天皇の命令に逆らうことと考えられる。
- In and after the Middle Ages, the Ichoku was understood as 'punishing all the violations against judgements issued by court nobles' (according to the book called 'Satamirensho'), and by people, it is ambiguously thought to have gone against an Emperor's command.
- 義仲の指揮下にあった京中守護軍は瓦解状態であり、義仲と行家の不和も公然のものだった(『玉葉』閏10月27日条)。
- The army protecting Kyoto, which was under the direction of Yoshinaka, fell apart and the discord between Yoshinaka and Yukiie was overt ('Gyokuyo,' entry of December 20).
- ただし、その成立の経緯上、雑役は荘園領主である寺社に納められたものの、官物は依然として国衙に納めるものとされた。
- Provided, however, that because of the process of their establishment, kanmotsu (tributes goods paid as tax) was paid to kokuga as before though zatsueki was paid to temples/shrines, the lord of shoen.
- この自然に酸くなるのを待てずに、飯の量を多くして酢を加えて作ったものが「すし」であり慶長のころから文献に見える。
- Sushi' was the result of adding vinegar to an increased amount of rice to wait for it to become naturally sour, and appeared in literature from the Keicho era.
- 焼酎のお湯割りは、酒杯に先に湯を入れ、後から焼酎を静かに加えることによって、対流が発生し自然に混ざる状態となる。
- How to make shochu with hot water is; first, pour hot water in a glass, and then gently add shochu, then it is blended naturally by generated convection.
- また、千鳥の曲の手事における自然描写は、古い時代の抽象的なものよりも自由で、どちらかといえば印象的な作りである。
- The description of nature in tegoto of Chidori no Kyoku is freer and rather impressive than abstract ones in older ages.
- 家主くり廻しの弥助 実は神谷下郎土手平 偶然、三五郎夫婦が店子として入った長屋の家主の弥助は、お六の兄であった。
- Yanushi (landlord) Kurimawashi no Yasuke (in fact a servant of the Kamiya family, Dotehe's disguise): Yasuke, the landlord of the nagaya (row house) which Sangoro and his wife Koman (Oroku) rented, was accidentally Yasuke, a brother of Oroku.
- 狂言口開けで、アイがここは雲居寺境内、今日は自然居士(半俗の少年僧)の七日説法の結願(最終日)であると説明する。
- In the opening Kyogen (farce played during a Noh play cycle), the ai (role of a kyogen actor in Noh) explains that we are at Ungo-ji Temple and today is Kechigan (the last day) of Nanoka seppou (seven days of sermons) by Jinen Koji (a boy monk of hanzoku [monk living as ordinary people]).
- 偶然にもこの日はNHKの収録の当日で、この山川の活躍の一部始終はNHKレコードライブラリーの中に保存されている。
- By accident, NHK was recording the performance, so the complete Yamakawa chari has been kept in NHK record library as well.
- 不落不落、不落々々(ぶらぶら)は、鳥山石燕の妖怪画集『百器徒然袋』に描かれている日本の妖怪の一種で、提灯の妖怪。
- Burabura is a lantern specter and one of Japanese yokai (ghosts, spirits and monsters) that was portrayed in Sekien TORIYAMA's yokai art collection book: 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' (The Bag of One Hundred Random Demons; the term 'hyakki' in its title is a pun on the usual hyakki, replacing the character for demon which is written as '鬼' in Japanese with a character for vessel written as '器,' and sure enough, most of the yokais shown in this book are tsukumogami [a type of Japanese spirits that originate in items or artifacts that have reached their 100th birthday and become alive]).
- また、技術面でも印刷術の発展によって模刻という手法自体が時代遅れとなり、自然消滅せざるを得なくなったのであった。
- Moreover, the method of mokoku itself also became technologically outdated by the development of the printing technology, and had no choice but to disappear on its own.
- 『画図百器徒然袋』の角盥漱は、平安時代の歌人・小野小町の使用していた角盥漱の妖怪化として創作されたものとされる。
- Tsunohanzo as a yokai portrayed in the 'Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' is thought to be Sekien's creation inspired by an episode of the tsunohanzo owned by ONO no Komachi, a waka poet who lived in the Heian period.
- 海に面する南を除く、北・東・西の三方を山で囲まれる鎌倉には、豊かな自然を楽しむことができるハイキングコースがある。
- Kamakura is surrounded by mountains on its three sides--the east, north, and west--except the south facing the sea, and has several hiking courses along which people can enjoy its rich natural environment.
- 平安京造営以前には、古烏丸谷(現在の烏丸通付近)や古堀川谷(堀川通付近)に自然の河川が流れていたと推測されている。
- It is supposed that, before construction of Heian-kyo was completed, natural water flows existed in the former Karasuma valley (古烏丸谷) (around present Karasuma-dori Street) and in the former Horikawa valley (古堀川谷) (around present Horikawa-dori Street).
- 法然は、土佐国まで赴くことなく、讃岐で赦免を受け、摂津国の勝尾寺に滞在した後、1211年(建暦元年)に都に戻った。
- Honen did not reach Tosa Province, but was forgiven at Sanuki, stayed for a while at Katsuo-ji Temple in Settsu Province and returned to the capital in 1211.
- 延文5年/正平 (日本)15年(1360年)4月、赤松氏範らと共に、南朝の本拠である賀名生行宮を突然焼き討ちした。
- In April 1360, all of a sudden, he burnt down Ano angu, the base of the Southern Court, together with Ujinori AKAMATSU and others.
- しかし一方では法印大僧都済憲と密通して海恵を儲けたという噂が、内親王の生前から公然の秘密として語られていたという。
- Meanwhile, it is said that people openly rumored, even while she was still alive, that she committed adultery with Hoin Daisozu Saiken and ended up having a child named Kaie.
- その上で、その四隅の境界線に牓示(記となる杭などを打つあるいは付近の自然物に印を付ける)を行って四至を明確にした。
- Thereafter, they clarified Shishi by putting on Boji (notices) (planting stakes or putting marks on nearby natural things) on the four corners of shoen.
- 鞨鼓は「花月」「自然居士 (能)」など遊芸者のシテが鞨鼓を打ちながら舞う舞事で、大小物に限り、三段から構成される。
- Kakko is the mai-goto in which the shite, an entertainer visiting various places, as in 'Kagetsu' and 'Jinen koji,' dances while hitting Kakko (a double-headed barrel drum played with two sticks), always accompanied by dai-sho (big and small) hand drums, and comprises three sections.
- 歌舞伎の娘役と、基本は同じであるが、眉を塗りつぶさず、自然な感じで描く、アイメークも控えめになる、等の違いはある。
- Their makeup is basically the same as that of a girl acting in Kabuki, but differences include not covering the eyebrows, drawing them naturally, and putting on modest eye makeup.
- 北辰一刀流剣術・神道無念流剣術・心形刀流・鏡心明智流・天然理心流剣術等、新興の試合稽古重視の流派が各地に誕生した。
- Schools which placed emphasis on training matches, such as Hokushin Itto-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinto Munen-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinkageto-ryu School, Kyoshin Meichi-ryu School and Tennen Rishin-ryu Kenjutsu, were established in various places.
- もともとは魚だけを塩蔵して自然発酵させていたが、16世紀前後に発酵を促進させるために飯を加えるようになったという。
- Originally, only the fish was preserved with salt and was fermented in a natural way, but, it is said that rice was added in order to promote fermentation in around the sixteenth century.
- 一方、旧来然とした素朴な設備しか持たない零細蔵は、自分たちの販売能力を上回る酒造米を割り当てられていたからである。
- On the other hand, small breweries who had only simple and traditional facilities were allocated more rice for sake brewing than the amount they could sell.
- たまたまそのとき、勘平はその付近で猟をしており、盗賊をイノシシ(しし)と間違えて偶然に誤射し、これも殺してしまう。
- By chance, Kanpei happens to be hunting nearby at the time, and he mistakes the robber for an inoshishi (a wild boar), shoots him and kills him.
- 池には食虫植物であるムジナモが自生し、1921年(大正10年)に「巨椋池むじなも産地」として天然記念物に指定された。
- The carnivorous waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa) is native to Ogura-ike Pond which was designated as a natural monument for being 'Ogura-ike Pond, the locality of Aldrovanda vesiculosa' in 1921.
- しかしながら、用明天皇は天然痘のため、在位二年あまりの587年4月9日(古事記では4月15日 (旧暦))に死去した。
- However, Emperor Yomei died of smallpox on April 9, 587 (cf. in the 'Kojiki' the date of death was April 15 [old lunar calendar]).
- 後述のように、政府が皇族を無制限に増加させることには一貫して消極的であったことからも、この結果は当然のことであった。
- It was a natural consequence as was mentioned later, since the government was not keen on letting the scale of expenses for the Imperial family increase unlimitedly.
- 朝鮮側はこの突然の条約締結の申し入れに驚き、最初は拒否したが、日本側の提示した条約に対する修正案を出すこととなった。
- Surprised by the sudden offer of conclusion of the treaty, Korea at first refused it, but they decided to propose an amendment to the treaty presented by the Japanese.
- 更に明の海禁政策や銀と貨幣による通貨体系の確立(銅銭の除外)は銅銭鋳造の必要性を減らし、当然日本への流入も減少した。
- Furthermore, Kaikin Policy (the policy to forbid private people to trade with foreign countries) and the establishment of a currency system based on silver and coins (excluding copper coins) by the Ming Dynasty reduced the necessity of minting copper coins, naturally decreasing the amount of copper coins that were brought into Japan as well.
- 一方、西国では国衙領に権利を有する皇室・公家・寺社の影響が依然として強く、守護の国衙介入はさほど進展していなかった。
- On the other hand, in Saigoku (the western part of Japan, particularly Kyushu region, but ranging as far east as Kinki), the Imperial household, kuge (court nobles), and temples and shrines that had a title to the territories of kokuga had invariably maintained a strong influence, which restrained shugo from interfering in kokuga too much.
- 地巻 王昌齢『詩格』、皎然『詩議』、(唐)崔融『唐朝新定詩格』、(唐)上官儀『筆札華梁』、 『文筆式』(撰者未詳)。
- The volume of Earth: 'Poetry Rules' by Wang Changling in China (Tang), 'Discussion on Poetry' by Jiaoran in China (Tang), 'The New Rules of Poetry in the Tang Dynasty' by Cui Rong in China, '筆札華梁' by Shang Guan Yi in China (Tang), 'The Rules of Prose and Poetry' selectors unknown.
- 突然の報に日本と韓国政府は驚きを見せたが、直前に島根県が制定した『竹島の日』への報復的な意味合いがあったと見られる。
- It was such a sudden announcement that both the Japanese and South Korean governments expressed surprise, and this act was viewed by some in Japan as retaliation for the establishment of 'Takeshima Day' in Shimane Prefecture, which happened just before the Korean proclamation.
- 引茶の飲茶法は、整然と並ぶ僧侶に対して、まず煎茶を注ぎ、甘葛、厚朴、生姜などの薬味を好みにより投じて供したとされる。
- The manners in which hikicha was served involved serving sencha (green tea of middle grade) to priests formed in an orderly line; condiments would then be added, such as amazura (traditional sweetener commonly used in the past), koboku (skin of Magnolia obovata used for crude drugs) and ginger to suit individual tastes.
- 古神道そのままに自然の具現化としての、龍や蛇や狐などが、その脅威を表すかのように荒々しく描かれているものだけである。
- Only dragons, snakes and foxes, which were the embodiment of nature according to ancient Shinto, were drawn violently in order to show their menace.
- しかし、こういった日本の食事作法から丼物が生まれたことは偶然の産物であるが新しい調理方法を生み出すきっかけとなった。
- However, although Donburimono originated from such Japanese table manners by chance, its introduction provided the opportunity to develop new cooking methods.
- 現在では、収穫量の少ない天然物の代わりに、サラダ油と海草エキスを主原料とした人工イクラ(人造イクラ)も出回っている。
- These days, as the yield of natural salmon roe is insufficient, an alternative artificial salmon roe made from salad oil and seaweed extract available.
- この風習が根付いた地域の人々は、「初詣=三社参り」であり、特別な信仰心とは無関係に、当然のこととして三社参りを行う。
- The people who live at the places where this custom has been established do sanshamairi as a matter of course regardless of particular special (religious) piety, considering 'hatsumode = sanshamairi.'
- 日本酒生酛系(きもとけい)のように、自然の酵母の力をそのまま活かして造る伝統的な製法においては特に重要な概念となる。
- Like Japanese liquor kimoto-kei (a natural yeast method), this has become an especially important notion in traditional production methods which utilize the power of natural yeast as it is.
- 『画図百器徒然袋』中の解説文では、かつての日本で鈴が神霊を下ろすための祭具として用いられていたことが述べられている。
- According to expository writing in the 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro,' bells were once used in Japan as ritual implements to call a divine spirit.
- 関西文化学術研究都市(学研都市)の一部であり、研究施設が建ち並ぶ地区もあるが、古い街並みと豊かな自然の残る地区が多い。
- The former Kizu-cho area constitutes a part of Kansai Science City (Gakken Toshi), so it has a district where research facilities stand side by side, but it also has many districts where rows of old houses and rich nature are still left intact.
- しかし、流通による磨耗からすぐに銀色の地金が姿を現し、さらに火災に遭うと固体拡散のためか銀貨同然の光沢となったという。
- However, it is said that a silver colored bare metal appeared immediately due to abrasion by circulation, and furthermore, Isshukin became as glossy as silver coins maybe because of solid diffusion when it suffered from a fire.
- この場合、琉球や台湾などを含め「中国から東の海を隔てた土地から来る人々」を総称する漠然とした呼称でもあったようである。
- In that case, it was a vague name generally referring to 'the people coming from the land including Ryukyu and Taiwan separated by the eastern sea of China.'
- ウジはたんに自然発生的に形成された血縁的集団ではなく、大王に臣従を誓い、奉仕することを義務づけられた血縁的集団である。
- The uji were not just a group of blood relatives who were formed by a natural occurrence, but were a group of blood relatives who swore vassalage to and were obliged to serve the great king.
- 江戸時代に入ると戦死する機会が少なくなったことにより、自然死の場合でも近習等ごく身近な家臣が追い腹をするようになった。
- When Japan entered the Edo period, occasions to die in a battle field decreased, as the result of which close retainers, such as attendant, came to commit suicide to follow his dead master even when the master died of natural cause.
- 租税収取の最前線はすなわち地方行政の現場であり、必然的に王朝国家に関する議論は地方行政のあり方が焦点となりがちである。
- As the forefront of tax collection is local administrative offices, the arguments concerning the Dynastic polity tend to focus on those concerning local administration.
- それに対して、中央政府においても当然、王朝国家体制への移行に伴う何らかの行政機構変革があったとする見解が示されている。
- On the other hand, there is a view asserting that some administrative organization reform must have been implemented at the central government in association with the transition to the Dynastic polity.
- 紀の川流域の紀氏のように瀬戸内海に対する天然の良港を持ち、後背に木材産地を確保した大豪族も独自の水軍をもって活躍した。
- Therefore, the large gozoku (local ruling family) like Ki clan along the Kino-kawa River that had natural bays in Seto Inland Sea and wood production areas in the backlands flourished with their own suigun.
- 当然のことながら、文章生の多くが給料学生になることを望んだために、結果的にもっとも優秀な学生が選ばれることが多かった。
- Needless to say, many of the Monjosho wanted to become Kyuryo-gakusei and as a result, the most intelligent students were selected as recipients.
- 合気道の技を通して敵との対立を解消し、自然宇宙との「和合」「万有愛護」を実現するような境地に至ることを理想としている。
- Its ideal is to resolve conflict with the enemy through aikido techniques, and to reach a state of realizing 'harmony' and 'loving and protecting all things' in nature and the universe.
- ラジオ、テレビでの放送は当初はその番組自体、生放送でおこなわれており、流行(はやり)の歌も、当然のことながらすべて生。
- At the beginning, radio and TV programs were live, and therefore all popular songs were naturally performed live.
- しかし、この場合は醤油業中央公正取引協議会の業界基準により、製品表示に「天然」「生」等の用語を利用することができない。
- However, using this technology disables to use terms such as 'natural' or 'raw' on product labels as it is not meeting the industry standard of Central Fair Trade Control of Soy-sauce Manufacturing Industry.
- - 鎧の袖(国指定天然記念物。200mにわたる高さ65mの柱状節理の海蝕断崖),兄弟赤島,但馬松島,香住浜,白石島,黒島
- Yoroi-no-sode (literally, sleeve of armor) Sea Cliff (designated as a state's natural monument, featuring 65-meter-high and 200-meter-long columnar joint), Kyodai Akajima Island, Tajima-Matsushima Island, Kasumi Beach, Shiraishijima Island, Kurojima Island (黒島)
- この地方制度は画一的・行政的につくりあげられたもので、大化前代からの自然発生的な集落とはまったく関係のない組織であった。
- This provincial system was built uniformly and administratively, and was totally unrelated to the naturally occurring settlements in the pre-Taika era.
- 近江八景の絵画作品の登場が17世紀後期以降であることを考えると、先行すべき和歌の成立が17世紀初期であるのは自然である。
- Regarding the fact that art work relating to Omihakkei appeared in the late 17th century, it is natural that waka which should be ahead of art work was established in the early 17th century.
- 日本の皇室には、そもそも姓がなく、名字も当然ないが、中国の歴代王朝の君主は姓を持ち、皇后には原則として異姓の者がなった。
- There is no family name for the Japanese Imperial Family but the Chinese past monarchs had a family name and in principle, women with a different family name became the empress.
- 延暦13年(794年)11月8日の平安京命名の際に、桓武天皇が、山河が襟帯して自然に城をなす形勝から、山城国に改称した。
- On November 8, 794 (Enryaku 13), when the capital was named Heian-kyo (Heian Palace), the Emperor Kammu changed the second letter of the province's name to 山城国
- 2003年(平成15年)より京都精華大学と協同で、舞鶴自然文化園の活用による地域づくりなど様々な分野で連携を深めている。
- Since 2003, the municipality has proceeded to strengthen its cooperation with the Kyoto Seika University in many fields, such as regional development, utilizing the Maizuru Natural and Cultural Gardens, etc.
- 慶應3年(1867年)には自由相場(天然相場)に任されることとなり、鉄一文銭=1文の基準に対し以下のような相場となった。
- In 1867, a free-rate system was employed, resulting in the following rates, with the standard rate of Tetsu ichimonsen equal to one mon:
- また、農民や町人も苗字なしでは家の区別がつかなかったため、地形地物の名などを苗字として私称することが公然と行われていた。
- Because it would have been difficult distinguish between houses if farmers and townspeople had no family name, the unofficial practice of using landmarks etc. as family names was common.
- 老女の場合は若いうちに自然に抜け落ちた髪を取っておいて用にあてるが、生まれ付いて髪の薄い人の場合は他人の髪を使っていた。
- Elderly women used their own hair that had fallen out naturally and been collected by them when they were young, but women born with thin hair used someone's hair.
- 駅弁は、20世紀末期から地方色が強いもの、特定の食材を重視したものなどへの傾斜を深めたが、幕の内も依然根強い人気がある。
- In the late 20th century, ekiben tended to feature local specialties as well as specific ingredients but Makunouchi-bento remain popular.
- 「MR漆」という特別精製の天然漆を用いて、ウレタン等の石油合成素材を用いない、普段使いに耐える漆器の製造に成功している。
- He successfully produced lacquerware for daily use which does not contain synthetic petroleum material such as polyurethane, using specially refined natural lacquer called 'MR lacquer.'
- だが、2003年頃に、自然環境に優しいパーム油脂を使用し、万が一鹿が口にしても安全な天然由来素材を使用した物に変更した。
- In around 2003, however, the candles were changed into the ones made with natural material and eco-friendly palm oil so that deer may not be poisoned if they should eat them.
- 琵琶湖畔は大津で人買いに追い付いた自然居士は衣を叩き付けるが、人買いにも一旦買った者は返さないという掟があると譲らない。
- Jinen Koji catches up with the human trafficker at the shore of Lake Biwa in Otsu and throws the garment at him but the human trafficker does not budge as there is a rule that he will not return anything that has been purchased.
- 巨椋池とよばれる湿地帯に浮かぶ自然の砂州であったが、安土桃山時代、豊臣秀吉の伏見城築城に伴い、宇治川の改修工事が行われた。
- It was the natural sandbank floating in the wetland called Oguraike Pond, but Uji-gawa River was renovated due to the construction of Fushimi-jo Castle of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI during the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
- 更に偶然にも藤原師通(頼通の孫)の死後の摂関家では後継者争いが生じ、最終的に白河法皇の介入という形で解決がなされてしまう。
- Furthermore, after the death of FUJIWARA no Moromichi (the grandson of Yorimichi), there occurred a coincidental struggle for the successor in the regent's house, and it was eventually settled by the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa's intervention.
- 家族の入籍又は去家に対する同意権(ただし、法律上当然に入籍・除籍が生じる場合を除く)(旧民法735条・737条・738条)
- Consent right regarding registration and deregistration of family members on household registers (except situations in which registration and deregistration is needed from a legal standpoint) (the Old Civil Codes, Article 735, 737 and 738).
- 元々困っている旅行者を施設を造って助けようという「救恤」の発想自体が仏教の考え方であり、自然と運営主体は寺院が多くなった。
- The very idea of helping travelers in trouble was based on a concept of Buddhist thought called 'kyujutsu' (helping a person in trouble), so temples naturally made up the majority of the operations.
- 露地には樹木等は里にある木も植えず人工を避け、できるだけ自然に山の趣を出すため、庭の骨組みをつくるのは飛石と手水鉢である。
- Anything artificial was avoided in Roji without planting any tree existed in village or town and only the steppingstones and Chozubachi configured the framework of the garden to convey a taste of mountains as natural as possible.
- 当時の奉公人らは一日の殆どを労働に充てており、また食事時間も上役に管理されていたため、自然とこのような食事形態が発生した。
- It was natural that these employees invented this kind of meal, because they worked almost all day with their meal hours strictly controlled by their bosses.
- そこから採種された約10万本の第一世代の中から短稈化や早生化など、有益な突然変異と思われる約500個体を1999年に選抜。
- From approximately 100,000 rice plants of the first generation for which seeds were obtained from gamma irradiation, approximately 500 individuals that seemed to be prospective mutants, such as plants with short stems and early rice, were selected in 1999.
- 寛永6年(1627年)には朝幕間で紫衣事件が発生し、同年10月8日に後水尾天皇は突然譲位し、女一宮に内親王宣下が下される。
- In 1629 the Shie Incident happened between the Imperial Palace and the Tokugawa shogunate, on November 22 of the same year, Emperor Mizunoo suddenly succeeded to the throne, and the first Princess was officially appointed as an Imperial Princess.
- まして、両統迭立が幕府の方針として明確にされている以上、後醍醐の攻撃対象に幕府も含まれることになるのは必然的だったと言える。
- Since Ryoto tetsuritsu was a bakufu policy, it was natural that the bakufu was included as Godaigo's offensive target
- 平安時代の日本の学僧であるちょう然(ちょうねん、938-1016)が当時の中国皇帝にもたらした情報について記録を残している。
- He recorded the information that the Japanese scholar monk, Chonen (938 - 1016) gave to the Chinese Emperor.
- 豊臣秀次への関白位譲渡も引退を目的としたものではなく、関白位の豊臣氏世襲を宣言するものであり実権は依然として秀吉が保持した。
- The transfer of 'Kanpaku' to Hidetsugu Toyotomi did not mean Hideyoshi's retirement but the declaration of the Toyotomi-clan's heritage of that position, and Hideyoshi maintained the real power.
- 西日本各地では、屋外で急な病気や発熱に遭うことを「風にあう」といい、風を自然現象ではなく霊的なものとする民間信仰がみられる。
- All over western Japan, meeting a sudden illness or fever outdoors is described as 'suffering from the wind,' and there exists the folklore that the wind is not a natural phenomenon but a spiritual one.
- 武家の男髷の特徴は、髷が長く、月代は狭く側頭部の生え際(小鬢)を自然のままに残す、髱は、ひっつめて質実剛健な感じにすること。
- Men's hairstyles of the warrior class were characteristically arranged in such a way that a topknot was made long, the front part of the head was shaved narrowly, sideburns were left natural, and the back part was tied tightly so as to look simple and austere.
- 完全醗酵させれば、それだけ発生するアルコール分は多いわけだから、製成酒は必然的に辛口になりやすく、日本酒度も+になりやすい。
- The more complete the fermentation is, the more alcohol is produced, and so seisei-shu (product sake) naturally tends to be dry and the sake meter value (a numerical rating of a sake's sweetness or dryness) also tends to be + (dry).
- これは、範頼軍の九州制圧、義経軍の四国制圧、鎌倉方による瀬戸内海制海権の奪取という包囲・孤立化の完成に伴う必然的結末であった。
- A Taira defeat was inevitable after Noriyori's army took control of Kyushu and Yoshitsune's army of Shikoku, which let the Kamakura side retake control over the Seto Inland Sea and thus complete their encirclement and isolation of the last Taira stronghold.
- しかし、天然痘により天平9年(737年)4人とも死没してしまったが、これは王を自殺に追い込んだ祟りではないかと噂されたらしい。
- The four brothers died of smallpox in 737 and there was a rumor that it was a punishment for driving the prince to suicide.
- 5世紀末ごろから徐々に大和王権の影響が浸透していたが、大宝律令が施行された時点でも依然として律令制的支配の及ばない地域だった。
- Since around the end of the fifth century, influence of the Yamato (ancient Japanese) sovereignty gradually penetrated, but it was an area which the ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code) could not cover even after the enforcement of the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code).
- これらの遺構は南北方向のものが顕著で、東西方向のものは少ないことから、整然とした条坊域が整備されていたのではない可能性もある。
- In these remains, vertical streets are noticeable with few horizontal ones, so there is a possibility that the jobo area was not improved in a methodical way.
- 一方で、それらは単なる商行為であり、儲けていた朝鮮人も当然におり、また、所得も向上しており問題はなかったとする研究も存在する。
- On the other hand, there exists a study concluding they were only business practices, which means some Koreans also made a profit, and the income increased and no problem existed.
- 騒動も治まったかに見えた27日、後白河は突然、明雲を「大衆を制止せず、肩入れした」という理由で、高倉天皇護持僧の役から外した。
- On January 22nd, when the disturbance seemed settled, Goshirakawa suddenly removed Myoun from his post, gojiso (priest who guards the emperor) of Emperor Takakura for 'Not having controlled the daishu, but having backed them up.'
- 自分の心をしっかりもって我が身を粗末にしなければ、自然と身に余る幸運もある)」と折に触れて語っていたという(『たまきはる』)。
- If you control your mind very well and look after yourself, you will received unexpected happiness one day', Shigeko often used to say things like that. ('Tamakiharu')
- なお、純然たる落語専門定席ではないが、「なんばグランド花月」、「B1角座」などの演芸場でも落語のプログラムが組み込まれている。
- Rakugo programs are given as part of performances at various engei halls like 'Nanba Grand Kagetsu' and 'B1 Kadoza,' which are not genuine rakugo theaters.
- 初代橘ノ圓都、3代目笑福亭福松、桂右之助、桂文團治4代目、桂南天、桂文蝶、三升家紋三郎ら引退同然だった古老に噺の伝授を乞うた。
- They learned traditional comic stories from the following elders who were as good as retired: TACHIBANA no Ento I, Fukumatsu SHOFUKUTEI III, Unosuke KATSURA, Bundanji KATSURA IV, Nanten KATSURA, Buncho KATSURA, Monzaburo MIMASUYA.
- 近年では、水田の稲穂に自然に発生したカビの塊、すなわち稲麹を利用したのが日本における麹の起源であるとする説も有力視されている。
- In recent years, another theory is also influential which regards that using Claviceps virens Sakurai, that is, a lump of mold which was naturally-induced on rice ears in the rice paddy, was the origin of malt in Japan.
- 昭和1年(1926年)には、国家歳入の酒税に頼る割合は24.4%にまで下がってきていたが、依然として所得税を抜き首位であった。
- In 1926, the ratio of liquor taxes in the annual government revenue decreased to 24.4 percent, which was still the highest, that is, higher than income tax.
- 実際の価格は店員に直接尋ねて知ることが出来る場合から、会計を終えてもなお単価が幾らであったのか判然としない場合まで様々である。
- There are cases in which you may know the actual price by directly asking a restaurant staff but sometimes you would never know how much the unit price was even after check.
- 天然の巧置人をして&x5ed4々眷みて去る能はざらむ、既に村に入れば岸壁籬落の際芳雪和霧之を尾山に較ぶれば尤も絶勝たり。
- 天然の巧置人をして廔々眷みて去る能はざらむ、既に村に入れば岸壁籬落の際芳雪和霧之を尾山に較ぶれば尤も絶勝たり。
- 「必然的なものでも、例外なしに起こるものでもなかった」うえ、それらの変化が起こった詳しい原因についてはいまだ論争が続いている。
- It is neither an inevitable change nor a one which occurs without exception, and a debate still continues as to detailed reasons why such a change occurred.
- 「美術家の最後の叫びは『自然に帰れ』の一語にあり、余は思ふ、書道に於て漢魏六朝碑に向って所謂る自然の尋ぬべきもの多々なるを。」
- Artists' last claim is 'Return to nature,' and I think that, in calligraphy, there are so-called 'many natural things to be found ' in inscriptions on monuments in the six Han-Wei dynasties.
- 「1920年代」という時期に、必然的な意味がないこと(必ずしも、1920年から1929年で、きちんと区分されているわけではない)
- There is no inevitable meaning in the period of '1920s' (it is not necessarily divided properly from 1920 to 1929).
- なお、郷村断層は、国の天然記念物に指定(1929年・昭和4年12月17日)され、現在、3か所で保存されており、見ることができる。
- The Goson Fault was designated as a national natural treasure on December 17, 1929, and today it can be observed at three spots where it is preserved.
- 私も父同然に扱われるつもりのようで、(知行地の)境目に放火している」とあり、義久が伊集院氏を滅ぼすつもりであったと主張している。
- It seems that I am being treated like my father and the boundary of the territories is set on fire,' whereby he claimed that Yoshihisa was going to demolish the Ijuin clan.
- しかし、庶流にも一定の独自性が担保され、嫡流からの自立を図ったり、公然と逆らう者もあった他、宗家の簒奪や打倒を図る者さえあった。
- The shoryu, however, were given a certain level of individuality and some shoryu attempted to be independent from or publicly opposed to the chakuryu; furthermore, there were even those who tried to usurp or overthrow the soke.
- ただし、堺商人の影響力の及ばない西国の大内氏が経営する勘合船にはこの規定が及ばず、依然として帰港後に独自に抽分銭を徴収していた。
- However, the vessels managed by the Ouchi clan based in Saigoku (western part of Japan (esp. Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki)) were beyond the reach of the above regulation, and the Chubunsen was still independently collected after their return to port.
- しかし、恒例の検注及び災害時などに行われる臨時の検注によってその除田の総面積が変化するため、当然定田の面積にも変更をもたらした。
- The dimensions of the tax-free rice fields, however, could change as a result of an emergency kenchu in a time of disaster, and the dimensions of joden changed accordingly.
- また、ヤマザクラなどは一枝だけに限って突然変異することもあり、その枝を挿し木や接木にすることによって新たな品種とすることもある。
- Also, mutation of cherry blossoms of a twig is sometimes seen in Yamazakura and others, and the cutting is planted or grafted as a new variety.
- 本葛粉の生産はクズの根を掘り出す人の高齢化と天然資源の減少によって、現在、国内で出回る本葛粉にしめる中国製の割合が高まっている。
- The ratio of Hon-kudzu-ko made in China to that coming onto the domestic market has risen recently due to the decreases domestic production of Hon-kudzu-ko, which has been caused by the aging of the experts who dig out the root of the kudzu vine, as well as by the decreasing amount of natural kudzu vine.
- As to production of hon-kuzu, because of the aging of those who dig the roots of kudzu plant and decrease of natural resource, the ratio of the China-made powder available in Japan is currently increasing.
- 農林水産省にてたかね錦の乾燥種子に30Krのガンマ線を照射して突然変異を起こさせ、長野県農事試験場にて第2世代の個体選抜を実施。
- MAFF caused mutation by 30 Kr gamma irradiation of dry seed of Takane nishiki, and Nagano Agricultural Experiment Station carried out the individual selection of the second generation.
- 「何じゃい、何じゃい、われはわしを切りさらすのか」「あ、いやおやっさん、さようなことができまっかいな・・・」舅といえば親も同然。
- Hey, are you going to kill me?', 'No, Father, how could I…' one's father-in-law is almost one's father.
- 約400年の長きにわたって窖窯時代が続いた後、桃山時代末期に至り自然の地形を利用した登り窯が築かれ、現在も約60軒の窯元が残る。
- The Noborigama was established using geographical features at the end of the Momoyama period after about 400 years of Anagama use, and there remain around sixty potteries.
- 1466年(文正元年)7月、突然、義政は側近の伊勢貞親・季瓊真蘂らの進言で斯波武衛家の家督を斯波義廉から取り上げ斯波義敏に与えた。
- In July 1466, at the recommendation of his aides including Sadachika ISE and Shinzui KIKEI, Yoshimasa suddenly deprived Yoshikado SHIBA of the Shiba Buei family headship and bestowed it on Yoshitoshi SHIBA.
- 大江山、由良川などの豊かな自然に恵まれ、また大江山の酒呑童子伝説を生かして「鬼の里」をアピールするユニークな町づくりを行っていた。
- The town had a wealth of nature such as the Oe-yama mountain range and the Yura-gawa River, and tried to uniquely promote itself as the 'Oni no Sato' (Village of an Ogre) based on the legend of Shuten-doji (an ogre) in the Oe-yama mountain range.
- ここでいう「天皇の詔」(詔勅)の内容は判然としないが、天智天皇の死後に大友皇子を践祚させることを指示していたものと考えられている。
- It is not clearly known what was written in the 'Imperial Edict' (Shochoku [imperial message]); however, it is thought that the edict appointed Prince Otomo to become the next emperor after the death of Emperor Tenchi.
- 日本では飛鳥時代に中大兄皇子と持統天皇の二例が見られるが、どちらも日本書紀では一見してほとんど事実上の天皇と同然に記述されている。
- There were two examples of Shosei in Japan, Prince Naka no Oe and Emperor Jito in Asuka period, both are recorded in the 'Chronicles of Japan' as if they were practically real Emperors.
- しかし、元禄2年(1689年)2月2日_(旧暦)に突然改易され、大名である喜多見氏は滅びた(分家の刃傷事件に連座したともされる)。
- Yet, on March 22, 1689, Shigemasa suffered kaieki (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties), which incident resulted in the downfall of the Kitami clan (one theory holds that he was held responsible for one branch family's involvement in a sword fight).
- 第2次世界大戦後には、これまでの和書・漢籍・洋書を改めて人文科学・社会科学・自然科学の3分野として各界の権威者を招くようになった。
- After World War II it was decided to replace Japanese books, Chinese classic books and Western books by cultural science, social science, and natural science and to invite the representative authorities of these three fields.
- また「穿・衣・吃飯、即ち是れ人倫物理なり」とも述べ、食欲や衣服を身につけようとすることは人間の本来の自然だとし、人欲を全肯定した。
- He also stated that appetite and desire to wear clothes are innate human nature, meaning these are approved desires.
- その噴火・発光、湯だまりの変異等の自然現象が起きる度に、神霊現象として中央へ報告され、神階が上昇し、封戸が与えられるなどしていた。
- Each time a natural phenomenon such as eruption, light emission, or changes in the crater lake occurred, it was reported to the central government as a phenomenon caused by a Shinto god, resulting in a raise of shinkai (a rank granted to Shinto gods) and granting of fuko (residential units (ko) assigned as prebends (fu) to support top-ranking officials, temples, shrines, and royal households such as those of the queen-consort and crown prince).
- 燃料は季節と香りから稲藁がよく使われる(初夏にふさわしい香ばしい香りが好まれる藁焼きカツオは香りを損なわないように自然に冷ます)。
- Seasonally and also for its aroma, rice straw is usually used as fuel (Warayaki katsuo, bonito roasted over the straw-fueled fire, which is popular for its savory early-summery aroma, is cooled down naturally in order to keep its aroma.)
- 八橋検校の箏作品には「箏組歌」(箏伴奏付き歌曲)と「段物」(器楽曲)の二種があり、いずれも整然とした楽式構造を持つのが特徴である。
- Kengyo YATSUHASHI produced two types of work, i.e. 'So-kumiuta' (songs accompanied by koto) and 'Danmono' (solo instrumental music for koto), both featuring well-organized musical structures.
- 上皇になった際の名称は、現在の二条城の東北に嵯峨天皇が造営した離宮「冷然院」が後に後院(上皇の御所)となった「冷泉院」に由来する。
- His name as an retired emperor came from 'Reizei in,' which was built by Emperor Saga on the northeast of the current Nijo-jo Castle as his detached palace; it was an imperial villa that later became Go-in (retired emperor's palace).
- 二条天皇の死後に、政治の実権を奪われていた後白河が清盛と手を結んで、甥から叔父へと言う不自然な皇位継承を実現させたと言われている。
- After Emperor Nijo died, Goshirakawa, who lost his political power, worked together with Kiyomori, and it is said that Imperial succession was passed from his nephew to his uncle in an unusual way.
- その美声が、後鳥羽上皇院の女房たちを魅了し、落髪して尼となったことで、上皇が激怒し、2僧を処刑した上で、法然を流罪としたものである。
- Their beautiful voices entranced the women in Retired Emperor Gotoba's Inner Court to the point that some had their hair shaved and became nuns, angering the Retired Emperor so much that he had the two monks executed and Honen exiled.
- 1335年(建武 (日本)2年)に京都に潜伏していた高時の弟北条泰家(時興)が公家の西園寺公宗と政権転覆を計画するが未然に発覚する。
- In 1335 Yasuie (Tokioki) HOJO, a younger brother of Takatoki, who was lying low in Kyoto, and Kinmune SAIONJI, a kuge (court noble), secretly plotted against the regime but the plot was detected.
- 10日午前8時頃、川中島を包む深い霧が晴れた時、いるはずのない上杉軍が眼前に布陣しているのを見て、信玄率いる武田軍本隊は愕然とした。
- Around 8 AM on October 17, when dense fog in and around Kawanakajima cleared, the main troops of Takeda's forces was astonished seeing Uesugi's forces that should not have been there were in battle formation just in front of them
- ただしこの制度は言わば移行期の制度であり、大臣 (日本)や連といった最上級の姓に属する豪族は依然として大徳よりも上位に置かれていた。
- But the system was, as it were, in transition and the highest hereditary titles, such as O-omi and Muraji, were still placed above the rank of daitoku.
- この環濠集落の直径が約200メートルで、西側が自然河川に繋がっており、北側と東側、南側には、幅約20メートルの濠が巡っているらしい。
- The moat settlement spanned approximately 200 m across, and while the village was directly facing the natural river on the west side, it was apparently surrounded by a moat of about 20 m wide on the north, east and south sides.
- このため自然その子弟が芝居小屋に出入りするようになり、そうした者のなかには芸に目覚てそのまま役者になってしまう者も珍しくはなかった。
- As a result, naturally the children of the tea rooms had access to the theaters and it wasn't unusual for these children to learn the art and become actors themselves.
- 正蔵襲名は遂に適わず、柳家小三治や月の家圓鏡などの襲名の薦めも辞退し(5代目柳家小さん『咄も剣も自然体』より)、生涯一つ名で通した。
- He didn't succeed to the name Shozo after all, and he excused himself from the nomination for succession to the name of Kosanji YANAGIYA or Enkyo TSUKINOYA (according to 'Hanashimo Kenmo Shizentai' (Stories and Swords with Natural Stance) by Kosan YANAGIYA the fifth), and he spent the whole life with one stage name.
- 4コマ漫画でのオチは、駄洒落や言葉遊びを用いるもの、突拍子も無い状態に突然移行させるものなどのように、落語の落ちと同様のものもある。
- Some ochi in four-frame comics are similar to those in rakugo, as they involve dajare and word games or bring about some crazy situation out of blue.
- それらのどの興行にも説明者が付いていた事実から、日本が活動弁士という特異な興行・芸能形態を確立する必然性を見て取ることが可能である。
- Every one of these movies was accompanied by a narrator, so we can regard it as logical that the Japanese movie industry had established the peculiar performance style of having a katsudo benshi.
- 日本には古くから「神道」というシャーマニズムやアニミズムといった自然崇拝、精霊崇拝である多神教(八百万の神)に基づく宗教文化がある。
- From ancient times, Japan has had a religious culture based on polytheism (yao yorozu no kami (eight million gods)) worshiping nature or spirits like shamanism or animism including the 'Shinto religion.'
- 『平家物語』には、熊野本宮で滋子が「胡飲酒」を舞っていたところに突然大雨が降ったが、いささかもたじろがず舞を続けたという逸話がある。
- According to 'Heike Monogatari' (The Tale of the Taira family), there was a legend that while Shigeko was performing a traditional Japanese dancewith the court music of (ancient) Japan called 'Konju,' it started raining suddenly, however she did not recoil and instead kept on dancing.
- 日清戦争以後、明治日本に清末の知識人が注目するようになると、すでに中国本土では衰微していた陽明学にも俄然注意が向けられるようになった。
- After the Sino-Japanese War, Chinese intellectuals at the end of the Ching period began to pay attention to Meiji-period Japan, and especially focused on Yomeigaku, which had declined on the Chinese mainland.
- 当然このような劣悪な状況では途中で飢餓や病により倒れたり、死亡したりして行旅死亡人となる者も多く、初期の頃から社会問題化し始めていた。
- As a matter of course, the severe conditions caused many people to collapse from starvation and illnesses or even die en route, causing the issue to be recognized as a social problem.
- そのため必然的に、日本から輸出される対象となるのが、吟醸酒に代表されるような日本の水や技術でしか作れない高級酒となっているわけである。
- Therefore, inevitably, the high grade sake such as ginjoshu which can be brewed only by water and techniques of Japan is exported from Japan.
- 醗酵を進める酵母については、酒蔵では空気中に自然に存在する酵母や、昔から住みついている酵母(蔵つき酵母・家つき酵母)の力に頼っていた。
- As for Fermenting yeast, mainly the natural yeast in the air or the yeast living in the brewery since old times (referred to as yeast in storehouse or yeast in house) were used.
- 但し、「御所風の生活」の方は幕府首脳が大奥に全く根回ししていなかったため約束は破棄同然となり、幕末の大奥が大混乱に陥った一因となった。
- However, the promise to have 'a room of Imperial style' was almost cancelled, because the head of the bakufu did not communicate with the inner rooms of the shogun's (Ooku) at all on this matter, it caused big confusion in Ooku during the last days of the bakufu.
- 有栖川宮家にはすでに熾仁親王という嫡子がいたため、稠宮は親王家の慣例に従い、然るべき年齢に達した後に妙法院の門跡となることが内定した。
- Since Imperial Prince Taruhito was the oldest son in Arisugawa no Miya family, Sawanomiya was decided unofficially to enter into the Myoho-in Temple and become a priest-prince when he reached the appropriate age, following the custom of the Imperial family.
- 惟喬親王や建礼門院をはじめ、大原三寂(常盤三寂)と称された寂念・寂超・寂然兄弟、藤原顕信・西行・鴨長明などの隠遁の地として知られている。
- Ohara is known as the place where individuals who included Imperial Prince Koretaka, Kenreimonin but also brothers of Jakunen, Jakucho and Jakuzen who were called the Ohara no Sanjaku (or Tokiwa no Sanjaku), FUJIWARA no Akinobu, Saigyo and KAMO no Chomei retired from the world.
- 足利義昭が京都から追放された後も、征夷大将軍の解任手続は行われなかったために、依然として信長に反対する勢力からは将軍として扱われている。
- Because procedures for the removal of Seii Taishogun were not implemented even after Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA's banishment from Kyoto, he was still treated as a shogun by the powers opposed to Nobunaga.
- 律令の規定がかなりの程度で徹底実施されていたとする説や、依然として慣習法による統治もなされていたとする説など、様々な意見が出されている。
- There are various opinions about the enforcement of the Ritsuryo system, with some theories claiming that the stipulations of the Ritsuryo system were strictly enforced, and others that common law was still used in ruling the country.
- 1946年6月9日未明、パトロール中の七条警察署の巡査が、不審人物5人を発見し職務質問をしようとしたところ、中の1人から突然発砲された。
- A constable from the Shichijo Police station, who was making his rounds in the early hours of June 9, 1946, saw five suspicious people, and when he tried to question them, was shot by one of them.
- このため永い間、幕府の方針もあり、政治的には静かな都として過ごしてきた京都がにわかに騒然となっていき、有名な「幕末の騒乱」が巻き起こる。
- This is why Kyoto, which had been a politically calm capital for a long time, was thrown into a commotion suddenly, in part due to the policy of the shogunate government, and became the main arena of 'disturbances at the end of Edo period.'
- 西洋における伝承中では、自然霊的な精霊ないし妖精(フェアリー)のうち女性の姿をとるものがこのイメージに近しいため、しばしば同一視される。
- Tennyo are often identified as natural spirits and sprites (fairies) from Western folklore since they have a female form and a similar image.
- もっぱら妖怪として描かれ、その造形は江戸時代以前からあった自然の具現化と九十九神などの生活必需品(家畜などを含め)を踏襲したものである。
- Tsukumogami were painted solely as apparitions, and their models were the embodiment of nature and daily necessities (including domestic animals) that had existed before the Edo period.
- 欧米においては1960年代以降、清涼飲料の容器が瓶や缶へと移り変わっていったが、コーヒーの販売機だけはカップ式が依然主流のままであった。
- In Western countries, containers for soft drinks were changing to bottles and cans after the 1960s, but the cup-dispensing method remained as mainstream only in the case of vending machines.
- これを受けて自然交雑説を採る場合、オオシマザクラおよびエドヒガンの分布状況から、伊豆半島付近で発生したとする伊豆半島発生説が唱えられた。
- Accordingly, in the case where the spontaneous theory was adopted, from the distribution conditions of the Oshima cherry and Edohigan, the Izu Peninsula theory was advocated, stating that it had sprung up in the area around the peninsula.
- たい焼きの焼型には、1匹ずつ焼き上げる型(「天然物」、「一本焼き」と呼ばれる)と複数匹を一度に焼き上げる型(「養殖物」)の2種類がある。
- There are two types of taiyaki pans; single molds (called natural or single molds) and multiple molds (called artificial molds) in a pan.
- 井上は既存の楽曲を単に再生するだけでなく、バンドマンには当然の発想である歌う人に合わせた音階やテンポという概念をシステムとして実現した。
- Inoue realized not only a system for reproducing existing songs but also a concept of musical scales and tempo adapted to each singer, which was a matter of course for him.
- アメジストを身に着けていると酔わなくなる、などといったパワーストーン等の自然物の性質に人間が引きずられ、良い影響を受けると思われたもの。
- It is believed that the properties of natural objects such as powerful stones have a good influence on people; for example, wearing amethyst is believed to prevent motion sickness.
- 勿論、あまり堅苦しくない席ではこのような配慮は必要無いが、普段から練習しておくと自然と身に付いて大事な席での失敗が避けられると思われる。
- Of course, in an informal situation this kind of consideration is not necessary however practicing everyday will help you learn naturally and so avoid making mistakes when it is really important.
- 『百器徒然袋』には『百鬼夜行絵巻』や『徒然草』をもとにしたものが多いことから、この塵塚怪王もそれらをもとに石燕が創作したものといわれる。
- Since much content of the 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' is based on the 'Hyakki yagyo emaki' and 'Tsurezuregusa,' the Chirizuka-kaio is also allegedly a Sekien's creation based on these books.
- しかし清浦内閣はほぼ全ての閣僚が貴族院 (日本)議員から選出された超然主義であり、国民の間で再び憲政擁護を求める第二次護憲運動が起こった。
- The cabinet consisting of nearly all of the members of the House of Peers was clearly detached from the principles of constitutional rule and sparked the second Movement to Protect Constitutional Government among the people.
- 陽明は自らを含む万物はいわば一つの肉体であって、他者の苦しみは自らの苦しみであり、それを癒そうとするのは自然で、良知のなせるものだとした。
- Wang Yangming considered that all things, including himself, formed one body so that the pains felt by others were his own pains and it was just natural to heal them; and that's all from 'ryochi'.
- またこの事により、あまり政治に関与しなかった将軍であっても、幕閣の完全な傀儡になる事はなく、政権の簒奪も未然に防止することが可能となった。
- Due to this fact, even if the shogun was not involved in politics, he would not become a complete puppet of the cabinet officials, and equally usurping of power could be prevented.
- いずれにせよ、弥生時代の日本語の発音および当時の中国語の音写の法則についてはまったく説が確立しておらず、したがってその意味も判然としない。
- In any event, there is not enough evidence of Yayoi period Japanese or the Chinese of those days to be certain of the original pronunciation or translation of Himiko's name.
- 川や沼等に生息する天然産のウナギは養殖や輸入した物に比べて蒸した後に蒲焼にしても弾力があり、噛むほどに滋味を愉しめるほどの歯ごたえがある。
- A natural eel which lives in a river or pond is more elastic than a farmed or imported eel even after being steamed and broiled, and its taste more enjoyable due to its chewable nature.
- 商人同士の会合や接待の場に欠かせないのは芸者(男女を問わず)の存在であったために自然発生的にほかの土地から出奔した芸者が深川に居を構えた。
- Geisha (both male and female) were in great demand for a gathering of merchants or entertaining business contracts, so naturally, such Geisha who had run away from their hometown settled in Fukagawa.
- なお作品の時間設定とはかかわりなく、その場の風俗や登場人物の設定がいかにも古色蒼然として江戸時代的ではない場合は、それを時代物として扱う。
- If the settings of the mode of life and characters described in the work are obviously ancient, and are not Edo style, they are also classified as Jidaimono, regardless of the time set in the work.
- この宣告によって、政治権力が孝謙上皇のもとに移ったとする理解と、御璽を保持しつづけていた淳仁天皇が依然と権能を発揮していたとする見解がある。
- Due to this declaration, some researchers think that the political power was moved to Retired Empress Koken, others say that Emperor Junnin still exerted his power because he had possessed Gyoji (the Imperial Seal).
- しかし、新暦のカレンダーの上では、規則正しく循環していたものがある日突然途切れたり、同じ日の六曜が年によって、月によって異なっていたりする。
- But in New calendar (solar calendar), the regularly cycling rokuyo suddenly discontinues one day, or rokuyo on the same date differs depending on the year or month.
- その制度として当然のように当てはめられていた班田収授制が関連しないとすると、そもそも裏打ちとなる公的制度はなかったと考えられるようになった。
- As described above, now it is considered that the system of periodic reallocations of rice fields (handen shuju sei) was not a backing public system of jori sei (a system of land subdivision in ancient Japan) and therefore it came to be thought that there was no backing public system in jori sei.
- 「領内が治まっていない」ことを公然と示すことができれば、領主側に匹敵する武力を集めずとも、責任問題を恐れる領主や代官への重大な圧力となった。
- Therefore, even commoners would exert great pressure on the daimyo (feudal lord) or daikan (local magistrate) by publicly showing that the territory wasn't properly administered, without preparing the military forces comparable to their lord because the lords were very afraid of having their responsibility questioned.
- だが、徴税体制の中に依然として従来の名体制・職の体系を継承した部分も残されたものの、次第に大名主導による年貢などの負担の平均化が進められた。
- Although a part of myo taisei (local tax management system based on rice land) and the shiki system (system of occupation) was left in the taxation system, averaging of burdens such as tax progressed gradually led by daimyo.
- これは、文化人類学におけるアニミズム論でもいわれるように、世界中の初期文明において、押並べて自然発生的に生まれた信仰と同じくするものである。
- This philosophy, as discussed in the field of animism in cultural anthropology, is similar to religions that spontaneously emerged during the times of the primary civilization around the world.
- 血気盛んな若者であり、松明を大きく振り回すのは自然の成り行きでもあるが、風を切って火の勢いを増したり、火が消えないように満身の力で振り回す。
- The exaggerated gestures of waving the torches is not only from the nature of hot-blooded young men, but also from an attempt to increase the fire, or prevent it from going out, by waving it through the air with all their might.
- 竹は火を入れ焦がす事により、竹の繊維・維管束の主成分セルロースの結合が次第に強くなって行き、最終的にグラファイトをした天然の炭素繊維になる。
- By heating and scorching the bamboo with fire, the binding of cellulose, which is the main component of fiber and vascular bundles of the bamboo, becomes gradually stronger and transforms into a natural carbon based fiber with graphite in the end.
- 記念物で指し示すなかみが「史跡名勝天然記念物」と長い名称となった理由、また、これを「記念物」として一括した理由には上記のような背景があった。
- The above is the reason why the long name 'Historical Spot, Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument' was given to items defined as monuments, or the background to the process in which such items were later collectively categorized into 'Monument.'
- 舞鶴市の沖合い約10km、日本海上にある島で、1924年(大正13年)にオオミズナギドリ繁殖地として、島全体が国の天然記念物に指定されている。
- Kanmuri-jima Island on the Japan Sea is located approx. 10 km off the coast of Maizuru City. The entire island was designated a national natural monument in 1924 due to its being a breeding place for Calonectris leucomelas,
- 京都府道10号大山崎大枝線(丹波街道)以西の西部は、主に西山の丘陵地帯からなる自然あふれる地域であり、後述のような有名神社仏閣などが点在する。
- The west of Nagaokakyo City to the westward of the Oyamazaki Oe Line (Tanba Kaido Road) of the Kyoto Prefectural Route 10 is an area with a wealth of nature, consisting mainly of the hillside area in Nishiyama, and where famous shrines and temples are scattered around as mentioned below.
- 平城は朝原と大宅の2人との間に子はなく、ほかの皇子たちはいずれも母の身分が低く、神野と大伴の隠然たる権威と存在感を無視することはできなかった。
- Heizei was not able to ignore the authority and existence that Kamino and Otomo had, because Asahara and Oyake did not have any children and all the other princes had lowly-born mothers.
- だが、翌年には早くも天皇の異母弟伊予親王が突然謀反の罪を着せられて死に追い込まれるなど、皇位継承を巡る宮廷内部の紛争は収まる事を知らなかった。
- But there was an incessant string of disputes over the imperial succession inside the court, such as the emperor's brother by a different mother, Imperial Prince Iyo, being framed with the crime of plotting a rebellion and driven to death the next year.
- 地方の民衆生活のなかでは、「村」は基本的な共同体の単位であったが、それが、法的には全然認められていない事実のなかにも、律令法の特徴がみられる。
- In the provincial lives of people, the 'village' was a basic unit of the community, but the fact that it was not recognized by law at all is characteristic of ritsuryo law.
- さらに前述の通り、『日本書紀』では父日本武尊の死後36年も経ってから生まれたことになる不自然な証拠からも、仲哀天皇架空説は根強く言われている。
- Also, as mentioned above, the unnatural evidence in the 'Nihonshoki' that points to him being born thirty-six years after the death of his father, Yamato Takeru no Mikoto, is often used to support the theory that he was a fictional character.
- 帝国議会開設当初は、超然主義を唱える藩閥政府と衆議院に依拠する政党勢力が鋭く対立衝突したが、天皇はしばしば詔勅を発し、調停者的機能を発揮した。
- In the beginning of the opening of the Imperial Diet, there was often conflict between the Han-dominated government who support the detached policy, and the government force who was based on the House of Representatives, the Emperor sometimes issued an order and worked as an arbitrator.
- 天正6年(1578年)7月三木合戦に参戦し、羽柴秀吉軍に属していた荒木村重は、突然戦線を離脱し居城であった有岡城(伊丹城)に帰城してしまった。
- In August, Murashige ARAKI who joined the Battle of Miki belonging to the troops of Hideyoshi HASHIBA, suddenly left the front line and returned to his residential castle, Arioka-jo Castle (also called Itami-jo Castle).
- 祖の宇合は長屋王の変の後参議に昇進し、藤原四兄弟たちと共に聖武天皇朝で政権を主導したが、天平9年(737年)の天然痘蔓延により病没してしまう。
- Umakai, founder of the Fujiwara Shikike, was promoted to sangi (councilor) after the Conspiracy of Nagayao and led the government during the Emperor Shomu's era with other brothers, but he died of smallpox which spread in 737.
- 日朝修好条規は日米間の条約を研究して結ばれたものであるから、パークスが感じるように日朝修好条規と日英間の条約の性格が似ているのは当然といえる。
- As the Japanese-Korean Treaty of Amity was concluded based on the study of the treaties between Japan and the United States, it would be natural that Parkes felt the character of the Japanese-Korean Treaty of Amity was similar to that of the treaty between Japan and England.
- 兵卒の身分は依然として武士と農民の間に位置して低かったが、功を認められれば侍や特異な例ではあるが豊臣秀吉のように大名にまで出世する者もあった。
- The low status held by ashigaru was intermediate between that of samurai and peasants but there were those such as Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI whose abilities were recognized and who rose to the rank of daimyo (feudal lord), although it was a peculiar case.
- それだけに主家と利害対立が起こると、公然と反抗する者もあり、時として主家に攻め込んだり、或いは幕府に願い出て宗家からの自立を図ることもあった。
- Therefore, when confrontation concerning the interest occurred against the employer's household, some shoke publicly resisted against the employer's household and they sometimes attacked the employer's household or planned to become independent from the employer's household by asking the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) for their independence.
- この時、正門外で突然毎日新聞社の車が「君が代」を流したため、これに反発した学生の中から反戦歌「平和を守れ」の歌声が流れ、次第に大合唱となった。
- At this time, someone on board a vehicle for the Mainichi Newspapers played 'Kimigayo' (Japan's national anthem), and some students who were offended by it started to sing an antiwar song 'Heiwa wo mamore' (maintain peace) and many students joined forces with them.
- 比較的格闘戦能力に劣る部隊もしくは少数部隊が、自然もしくは人工の障害と飛び道具を利用して防戦態勢をとり、押し寄せる強力な伝統的野戦軍を破った。
- The troops or tiny corps which had relatively low combat capability utilized natural or artificial obstacles and shooting weapons and were on the defensive, and defeated a strong surging open battle army.
- 例えば新刀最上作である堀川国広が相州上工の作を写しているが、鎌倉期の地鉄、匂い口と、慶長元和期の綺麗な新刀地鉄とでは時代の差が歴然としている。
- For instance, Kunihiro HORIKAWA who was the best new sword craftsman, imitated the work of Soshu artisans, but the difference in periods, in the iron quality and the Nioikuchi, between that in the Kamakura period and those whose iron is beautiful in the Keicho Genwa era is obvious
- 承元の法難(じょうげんのほうなん)とは、法然が率いる専修念仏の衆徒が弾圧され、法然以下、親鸞ら中心的な僧徒が各地に流罪となった事件のことである。
- Jogen no Honan was an incident where monks following Senju-Nenbutsu (intently praying to Buddha) led by Honen were suppressed and Honen, Shinran and other monks with central roles were exiled throughout the country.
- 当然、宗全は義視の後見人である勝元と対立し、将軍家の家督争いは全国の守護大名を勝元派と宗全派に二分化させて、その衝突は避けられないものとなった。
- Naturally, Sozen opposed Katsumoto, Yoshimi's guardian, and the rivalry for Shogunate succession divided the shugo daimyos in the whole country into two camps, those of Katsumoto and of Sozen, making collision between them inevitable.
- 日本海に面する舞鶴港は、若狭湾西部の舞鶴湾にあり、外海に対して入り江になっているため、比較的天候に左右されにくく、天然の良港として知られている。
- Maizuru Port, which faces the Japan Sea and is located in the western part of the Wakasa Bay within Maizuru Bay, is known as a suitable port, due to its formation as an inlet off the open sea and is less subject to weather conditions.
- しかし、宮内庁が定めている、奈良県香芝市今泉にある現在の陵墓は「古墳として造営されたものではなく、単なる自然丘」という見解を学会は発表している。
- But a scientific society published its opinion that the current Imperial Mausoleum (ryobo) in Imaizumi, Kashiba City, Nara Prefecture, determined by the Imperial Household Agency, 'was not built as a tumulus (kofun), but is just a natural hill.
- 広刀自所生の子女はいずれも悲劇的な運命をたどったが、とりわけ長女井上内親王が一時は光仁天皇の皇后となりながらも、廃后の末に不自然な死を遂げるの。
- The children that Hirotoji gave birth to all had tragic fates, especially the eldest daughter, Princess Inoe who became the Empress of the Emperor Konin, but was deprived of her title later and died from mysterious causes.
- 近江進攻軍とともにあり、指揮の実際は諸将に委ねたとみるのが自然だが、なお和蹔にあってさらに遠方から来る軍を受け入れたとみることも不可能ではない。
- While it would be natural to understand that he was with the advancing troops upon Omi and put the actual military command into the hands of the warlords, it would not be impossible to understand that he stayed in Wazami to receive the troops from more distant places.
- 律令制では民衆に支給する(班田収授する)農地の面積を一律に定めていたことから、整然とした条里区画は班田収授との強い関連が想定されていたのである。
- Because the area of agricultural land issued to the people (handen shuju) was determined in a single uniform way under the ritsutyo system, a strong relation between orderly jori sections and handen shuju was assumed.
- さらに国衙と給主(寺社・貴族)は官物・雑役を分け合う体制(半不輸)だったため、国衙に検田権があり給主の立場は不安定だった(当然、不入権もない)。
- Furthermore, kokugas and landlords (temples, shrines, and aristocrats) shared kanmotsu and zatsueki as a system (half tax exemption) and kokuga had the right of cadastral surveys and so the status of the landlords was unstable (naturally, they did not have funyu no ken (the right to keep the tax agents from entering the property)).
- この差異に関して「上方では浄瑠璃(文楽)が確固たる地位を築いていたので、落語が人情噺を受け持つ必然性が薄かったからだろう」と桂米朝は述べている。
- Beicho KATSURA said of this difference, 'Kamigata rakugo had little or no reason to tell sentimental stories which were dealt with by the puppet theater that was firmly established in Kamigata.'
- このため、Japanese restaurantを日本料理店と訳すには違和感があり、自然発生的に日本食レストランという用語が生まれたと思われる。
- This situation suggests that applying the Japanese equivalent 'Nihon-ryori-ten' (restaurant serving traditional Japanese cuisine) to the English 'Japanese Restaurant' is inconsistent, with the result that the Japanese term 'Nihon-shoku restaurant' was seemingly created spontaneously.
- ただし、これらの語義の違いは、背景となる自然に対する姿勢や歴史性はもちろんだが、たんに翻訳とニュアンスに留まるところが多いため同義とはいえない。
- However, these semantic differences are obviously due to the background view of nature and history, but because they are also largely due simply to translation and nuances, so these words are not synonymous.
- 江戸の中期ごろには鳶職人の間で盛んに唄われていた、町火消が鳶職人を中心に組織されたため、木遣り唄も自然と町火消の中に溶け込み受け継がれていった。
- In the middle of Edo period, kiyari was actively sung among tobishoku, and since machihikeshi was mainly composed of tobishoku, kiyariuta (kiyari song) naturally spread into machihikeshi and was passed on from one to another.
- 不改常典が直系継承法だとすると、天武天皇は不改常典を破って皇位を得たことになり、その子孫が不改常典を自らの正統の拠りどころにするのは不自然である。
- If Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten is a direct line imperial succession code, Emperor Tenmu broke Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten to take the Imperial Throne, and therefore, it is unnatural that his descendents rely their legitimacy on Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten.
- 1561年に義銀は吉良義昭や、斯波氏の一族で幕府の重鎮の家柄であった石橋殿を味方に引き入れ、信長討伐の陰謀を図るものの、未然に発覚して追放された。
- In 1561, Yoshikane plotted to subdue Nobunaga by gaining Yoshiaki KIRA and Ishibashidono, one family of the Shiba clan and a grand person in Bakufu, as his ally; however, he was expelled since the plot was disclosed before something happened.
- この中の、巻末の一章に「日本国において自国人の出国、外国人の入国を禁じ、又此国の世界諸国との交通を禁止するにきわめて当然なる理」という題名がある。
- A chapter at the end of the book has a title which means 'quite a convincing theory why the Japanese government prohibits its citizens from going abroad and foreigners from entering the country, as well as why Japan severs diplomatic relations with counties worldwide.'
- 以降、山本富士子は「山本富士子アワー」などのテレビドラマに主演して好評を得た後、舞台に進出し、五社協定が自然消滅した現在まで映画出演はしていない。
- Later, Fujiko YAMAMOTO gained popularity on television with drama series such as the 'Yamamoto Fujiko Hour' and later appeared at the theater, but she has not appeared in motion pictures even though the agreement among the film companies has expired.
- 貴族やそれに仕える男女、庶民の風俗や自然の景物を木版で刷ったり、図様を墨描きしたり、あるいは、両者を組み合わせたのちに彩色を加えて料紙としている。
- On the ryoshi, the way of life of nobles, their servants and common people as well as natural landscapes were depicted in woodblock prints, ink brush painting or a combination of both, and then colored.
- こういった活動は、戸外で季節の移り行く様子を楽しむために行われるもので、四季の変化が自然の様々な表情を生み出す日本において、古くから行われている。
- These activities are for people to feel and enjoy the change of the seasons, and have been performed since early times in Japan where the spectacle of nature varies greatly between seasons.
- ただ自然に振舞うには、俗なところが無く悟った境地にある者でないと難しいともしており、未熟者はそういった脱俗の境地にいる者をまねるべきだとしている。
- However it says that in order to behave naturally you must be the one who does not have philistine attitude and arrived at a deep awareness of things, and then amateurs should follow such a unworldly person.
- それに対し、関ヶ原の戦い、大坂の役での敗軍武将への処刑は全て斬首刑であるが、古田重然、細川興秋など、豊臣方与力と看做された者は切腹させられている。
- On the other hand, commanders of the armies defeated at the Battle of Sekigahara and the Siege of Osaka were all beheaded, whereas those deemed to be yoriki (police sergeants) of the Toyotomi faction including Shigenari FURUTA and Okiaki HOSOKAWA were forced to commit seppuku.
- もとは刀の触れあうチャンチャンバラバラという擬音から出た言葉で、現在ではやや侮蔑した響きや安っぽい感じがあるために、公然と用いられることは少ない。
- It derives from an imitative sound, chanchan barabara which expresses the clashing sound of sword fight, but because it sounds insulting and cheap, it is not used openly now.
- 小辺路が横切る川原樋川の最上流部渓流は民俗名をキリクチ谷といい、この渓流に棲息するキリクチは1962年(昭和37年)に奈良県天然記念物に指定された。
- The mountain stream at the most upstream of Kawarabi-gawa River that Kohechi crosses is commonly called kirikuchi-dani (kirikuchi valley) and kirikuchi living in this stream was registered as a natural treasure of Nara Prefecture in 1962.
- 塚本説で唱えられた川の流れをほぼ直角に横切っているため矛盾点が生じ、現在の賀茂川の流れはその地下山脈の影響を受けた自然な流れだということが判明した。
- The underground mountain runs at a right angle from the original waterway proposed by Tsukamoto, thereby causing a contradiction; in fact, the current waterway of the Kamogawa River proves to be natural and is influenced by the underground mountain.
- 中世の民衆意識においては何かしら偉業を成し遂げるためには個人的な資質だけなく、血統的な資質もなければいけないというようなことが漠然と考えられていた。
- During the medieval ages, people vaguely thought that not only personal assets but also genealogical assets were necessary in order to accomplish great deeds.
- 伯母の姿のまま、綱が切り取ったと言う鬼の腕を見たいと言い、封印された唐櫃から出されてきた腕を手にとってじっくり見ていると、突然伯母は鬼の姿に戻った。
- Remaining in the shape and guise of Tsuna's aunt, Doji asked to see the arm Tsuna had cut off of the oni, so Tsuna retrieves it from the sealed Chinese-style chest and hands it to her; yet even as he carefully watches her, Doji suddenly returns to his true oni shape.
- 「扇面古写経」(扇面法華経冊子)は、12世紀末葉に流行した装飾経のひとつで、自然や風俗をえがいた扇形の紙面(扇面型料紙)に法華経を写したものである。
- The 'Senmen Koshakyo' (Ancient Sutra Manuscripts on a fan) (Senmen Hokkekyo Sasshi [Lotus Sutra Booklet on a Fan]) is one of decorative sutras that became popular in the end of the 12th century, and Hoke-kyo Sutra (the Lotus Sutra) was copied on the fan-shaped paper (fan-shaped ryoshi) on which nature or customs were described.
- この口薬の容器は長さ5 - 8cmの水筒型が定番であり、火薬を注いだ後、手を放すと自然に腰にぶら下がり、キャップが注ぎ口に被さる仕組みになっている。
- As for the container for gunpowder, the regular one was the cylinder type of five to eight centimeters long and after pouring the gunpowder into the barrel and letting go of the container, it hangs down from the waist naturally and the spout is covered with a cap.
- 道具や、一般に人格を認められることのない家畜・動植物・自然などに、神霊が宿り意志を持つといった価値観は、戯画や漫画などの擬人化の一環とし考えられる。
- The sense of values that believes divine spirits exist in tools, domestic animals, animals, plants and nature, in which personality is not generally recognized, is considered to have derived from the fact that they were personified in caricatures and comics.
- 木・竹・皮など天然素材を生かしたものが多く、近代・現代西洋音楽の複雑な機構を備えたピアノやベーム式フルートなどの楽器と比較すると、構造は簡潔である。
- Many Wagakki are made of natural materials such as wood, bamboo, leather, etc., and are simpler in structure than musical instruments such as pianos or Boehm flutes, which have a complicated structure required for Western music of the early modern and modern eras.
- 一説には毬が羽に変化したのは、紐や羽のついた分銅を蹴る武術や舞や遊びが中国から伝わり、日本の毬杖と渾然一体となり現在の羽根突きになったとも言われる。
- One theory says that the reason why Gi was replaced by Hane was that the martial art, dance or game of kicking a laced or fletched weight was imported from China, and was blended together with Gi-Cho in Japan, and then present-day Hanetsuki was formed.
- たとえば秋田県と青森県にまたがる「十和田湖および奥入瀬川」は、その価値によって「名勝特別名勝」と「天然記念物」の2つの種別の記念物に指定されている。
- For example, 'Lake Towada and the Oirase-gawa River' ranging from Akita Prefecture to Aomori Prefecture is designated in the two categories of 'Special Places of Scenic Beauty' and 'Natural Monuments' for its values.
- (一応の離脱理由は、泉湧寺塔中戒光寺の長老 湛然の仲介によって孝明天皇の御陵守護の任を拝命した事と、それに伴い薩摩、長州の動向を探るという事であった。
- (The reason given for the secession was that Kashitaro ITO was appointed as guard of Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) of the Emperor Komei through the intermediation of Tannen, who was the elder of Kaiko-ji Temple that was tatchu (sub-temples in the site of main temple) of Sennyu-ji Temple, and, for the mission, had to keep an eye on the movements of Satsuma and Choshu.
- ただし、重大な法令などは依然として詔書・勅書として出される場合が多く、綸旨が発給されたのは、特定の相手のみを対象とした命令や臨時の命令などが主であった。
- However, many important acts were still issued using Shosho or chokusho, and rinji was mainly issued for a decrees and extraordinary decrees given to a specified person.
- 12月16日(1月21日)、山本・高階・伊良子と、高階経由の息子・経徳の計4名で改めて拝診した結果、天皇が痘瘡(天然痘)に罹患している可能性が浮上する。
- On January 21, after four people, Yamamoto, Takashina, Irako and 高階経由's son, Tsunenori conducted medical examinations, they came across the possibility that the Emperor might have been infected with smallpox.
- 健寿御前は、塵が積もった御所の中で、女房がちぐはぐな衣装を着ても気に留めなかった八条院の様子を見て、華美好きで整然とした建春門院御所との違いに感嘆した。
- Kenjugozen was surprised to see the difference of the Hachijoin's palace, which was covered with dust and the ladies in waiting were wearing unfashionable costumes, compared to those in Kenshumonin's palace with luxurious furnishing and everything well in order.
- その藤原四兄弟が737年(天平9年)に天然痘の流行で相次いで死亡すると、皇族出身の橘諸兄が下道真備(のちの吉備真備)や僧玄ボウを参画させて政権を担った。
- After the four Fujiwara brothers died one after another in 737 because of an epidemic of smallpox, TACHIBANA no Moroe, who was from the Imperial Family, assumed control of the government by making SHIMOTSUMICHI no Makibi (later KIBI no Makibi) and the monk Genbo participate in the government.
- 1891年(明治24年)、日本を訪問中のロシア皇太子・ニコライ(のちのニコライ2世)が、滋賀県大津市で警備中の巡査・津田三蔵に突然斬りかかられ負傷した。
- In 1891, the Crown Prince of the Russian Empire, Nicholas (later Tsar Nicholas II) was attacked by a guarding patrol officer, Sanzo TSUDA in Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture during his visit to Japan.
- 若い美女が道に困っていたため、渡辺綱が馬に乗せてやると、女は突然鬼の姿になって綱の髪の毛を掴み、空中に飛び上がって愛宕山 (京都市)に連れ去ろうとした。
- A young, beautiful woman standing on the bridge appears to have lost her way, but when WATANABE no Tsuna pulls her up behind him on his steed, she suddenly transforms into an oni, grabs him by his (long) hair, and tries to fly away with him, in the direction of Mt. Atago (in present-day Kyoto City).
- また、平家の落人といわれる家系が姻戚関係を結んだ結果間接的な子孫も増えるのは当然なことであるが、そうした間接的な血筋までも平家の落人を称する場合がある。
- Further, as a result of marriage of the descendants of Heike no Ochudo, indirect descendants increased accordingly and such indirect descendants were sometimes called Heike no Ochudo as well.
- 12世紀に実務官僚の家が勧修寺流・日野家・高棟流平氏に固定化したことに伴い、三事兼帯も自然とこの三家に限定された(例外は信西の子、藤原俊憲・貞憲のみ)。
- After the families of officials in charge of practical business became restricted to Kajuji-ryu (the Kanjuji line), the Hino family and Takamune-ryu Heishi (Taira clan of Takamune group) in the twelfth century, persons who became Sanji kentai holder also came to be limited to those who were the members of these three families (exceptions were FUJIWARA no Toshinori/Sadanori, sons of Shinzei).
- 由良之助役者としても知られたが、七段目では、豪遊ぶりがいかにも自然で、それはまさしく普段から自分の金で現実に豪遊しているからだという評があるほどである。
- He was famous for his work in the role of Yuranosuke (one of the core characters of Chushingura, a famous kabuki play), in the seventh episode of Chushingura, and his portrayal of going on an extravagant spree was totally natural; it even brought forth the opinion that such natural acting was because he usually went on extravagant sprees at his own expense.
- 九十九神に代表される古典的な妖怪は、自然が身近にあって始めて現実的なものとして捉えることのできる狸(たぬき)や狐(きつね)や鼬(いたち)であったりする。
- Traditional yokai represented by Tsukumogami can be conceptualized as something that's realistic only by having nature nearby, such as tanuki (raccoon), fox and Japanese mink.
- 風俗史学者の江馬務は、生物としての人・動物・植物と、生物以外の器物(人工の道具など)・自然物 その妖怪の由来(依り代)となる物を5つに分類し類例とした。
- Tsutomu EMA, a scholar of the Japanese manners and customs, categorized the origin (yorishiro) of yokai into five groups of people, animals and plants for the living creatures, and tools (man-made tools) and natural things for non-living things, and gave examples.
- また、その土地の自然環境に適した栽培種であることが認められると、農林水産省が農産物検査法に基づき、その都道府県もしくは産地ごとに産地品種銘柄に指定する。
- If it is acknowledged as a cultivated variety that fits the natural environment of the territory, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF) will classify it under the Agricultural Products Inspection Law to a brand variety of growing district separately for each prefecture or growing district.
- 井上内親王と他戸親王の不自然な死、治世のはじめに、皇太子とした弟早良親王を藤原種継暗殺の廉で785年流罪とし配所で死なしめたという暗い面も持ち合わせた。
- There is a sad aspect that Imperial Princess Inoe and Imperial Prince Osabe had an unnatural death, or that his brother, Imperial Prince Sawara, who was the first prince when the Kammu government started, was accused of assassinating FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu; he was sentenced to deportation in 785 and died.
- 従来は杉を中心とする天然木の供給や炭の生産によって生計を立てていたが、高度経済成長期に外材輸入量が増加したことにより、林業中心の産業形態は変容を迫られた。
- In the past, the people in the area earned their living by supplying natural wood or by producing charcoal, which is centered on Japanese cedars, but with the amount of imported lumber increasing in the high economic growth period, they have been forced to change their forest-centered industry.
- 1994年(平成6年) 「世界の文化遺産及び自然遺産の保護に関する条約」(世界遺産条約)に基づいて、延暦寺が金閣寺、清水寺などと共に世界遺産に登録される。
- 1994: Enryaku-ji Temple was registered as a World Heritage site along with Kinkaku-ji Temple and Kiyomizu-dera Temple under the 'Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage' (World Heritage Convention).
- 大日本帝国憲法の解釈は、当初、東京大学教授・穂積八束らによる天皇主権説が支配的で、藩閥官僚による専制的な支配構造(いわゆる超然主義)を理論の面から支えた。
- For the interpretation of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the imperial sovereignty theory suggested by Yatsuka HOZUMI, a professor of the University of Tokyo, was dominating and theoretically supported the autocratic ruling structure (what is called the doctrine of superiority) by domain clique bureaucrat.
- 一方で、諸大名中最大の石高を持ちながら、関東移封直後で新領地の整備のために九州への出陣止まりで朝鮮への派兵を免れた徳川家康が隠然たる力を持つようになった。
- On the other hand, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who had the largest Kokudaka (assessed yield; tax system based on rice, measured by reference to the rated annual yield of the domain) among daimyo, but as he had been moved to Kanto just before, he only headed troops to Kyushu, but was exempt from going to Korea to fight in order to consolidate new territory, came to have latent powers.
- 盛親以外には、細川興秋は父・細川忠興から自刃を命じられ、増田長盛は盛次の罪を背負う形で配流先の岩槻区で、また古田重然は国松を匿った疑いでそれぞれ自刃した。
- Besides Morichika, Okiaki HOSOKAWA was ordered by his father to commit jijin (suicide with one's sword) by his father, Tadaoki HOSOKAW, Nagamori MASHITA committed jijin in Iwatsuki Ward where he was banished to compensate for Moritsugu's crime, and Shigenari FURUTA did so for the suspicion of harboring Kunimatsu.
- その話を漏れ聞いた猪熊は、俄然興味を持ち、かねてから懇意の飛鳥井雅賢をはじめ、言葉巧みに他の公卿・女官をも誘い出し、様々な場所で乱交を重ねることとなった。
- Hearing a rumor of this affair, Inokuma was keenly interested and glibly tempted other court nobles and ladies including his close friend Masakata ASUKAI, and they repeated promiscuous sexual relations in various places.
- 更に幕府によって出された守護使不入の規定に従ってきた守護大名の中からも領国の維持を名目に幕府による守護使不入の権利を公然と否定する措置を取るようになった。
- Also, some of the shugo daimyos who had observed the shugoshi funyu rules released by the bakufu came to take measures to deny in public such shugoshi-funyu privilege granted by the bakufu, on the pretext of maintaining their territories.
- 吉田兼好の『徒然草』には貴族風の花見とそうでない田舎ぶりの花見の違いが説かれており、室町時代初期には地方の武士階級にも花見の宴は行われていたことが伺える。
- Kenko YOSHIDA explained the difference between a noble-style hanami and a countryside style hanami in 'Tsurezure Gusa' (the Essays in Idleness), and it is learnt that even the local samurai warrior society was enjoying a hanami feast in the early Muromachi period.
- そのために剪定を施したり、自然の景観に似せるために枝を針金で固定し時に屈曲させあるいは岩石の上に根を這わせたりと様々な技巧を競うのも楽しみの一つとされる。
- Therefore the branches are pruned and fixed with wire to imitate the aesthetic of nature and sometimes the roots are bent or made to creep over rocks and taking up the challenge of using a variety of techniques is part of the fun.
- 現在は化学染料が使われているが、かってはアイ (植物)や紅花、蘇芳、茜、紫根、刈安などの植物染料、臙脂虫などの動物染料のような天然由来の染料を用いていた。
- Although chemical dyes are used these days, natural dyes including plant-derived dyes such as indigo, safflower, suo (dark red), akane (madder), shikon (lithospermum root used for purple color), and kariyasu (Miscanthus tinctorius), and animal dyes such as enji mushi (cochineal) were used in the past.
- 1935年(昭和10年)には、政党間の政争を絡めて、貴族院において天皇機関説が公然と排撃され、主唱者であり貴族院の勅選議員となっていた美濃部が弁明に立った。
- In 1935, the Emperor Organ Theory was officially driven out in the House of Peers with political strife between parties involved, and Minobe, who was an advocator of the theory and a councilor by Imperial command, addressed the Diet in his own defense.
- また近年法然とのあいだに消息の往来があったことが判明し、彼が密かな思慕の対象であったとする説もあるが、これも定家説同様に決定的な根拠は何一つないといっていい。
- There was another theory that the Imperial Princess secretly loved Honen, since it was found out in recent years there was relationship between them, however there was no definite reason for the theory, as was the Teika theory.
- 王陽明自身は「天理を存し人欲を去る」という朱子学的な側面を捨てきってはいなかったが、下で述べるように、その弟子達は人欲を自然なものとして肯定していくのである。
- Wang Yangming did not completely deny the concept close to Shushigaku that 'awareness of the heavenly principal expels human desires', but his disciples gradually began approving these desires as natural.
- しかし、日本には西洋のような「美術」と「工芸」の厳然たる区別は無く、日本の美術品は総じて装飾的・工芸的とみなされヨーロッパ美術よりも一段低いところに置かれた。
- However, the clear distinction between arts and crafts seen in the West did not exist in Japan, so Japanese art, as a whole, was deemed too decorative and technical, and it was ranked a bit lower than European art.
- そして、この場合もやはり、撰者は孔子に擬せられ、各経書に対する注釈という形式をとって、易姓革命や自然災害などを孔子が予言していたものとして、当時、受容された。
- In the 'Isho,' which was written in the form of notes to each Chinese classics of Confucianism, the author/compiler was asserted to be Confucius, and the Isho was accepted in those days as the medium through which Confucius supposedly predicted the Ekisei revolution (an ancient Chinese political concept), various natural disasters and more.
- このため、大名から民衆に至るまで上位の権力者から権利を授かれば、お礼として金品など実際の利益となる物を献上することが当然の礼儀・道理と考えられていたのである。
- As a result, everyone from Daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) to commoners thought it a natural courtesy and righteous judgment to present something beneficial such as money or goods in return when he/she was given a right by the higher authority.
- こうして町衆の人々に育まれた茶の湯や茶庭はやがて、利休の弟子で武家茶道を発達させた古田重然や小堀政一のような武将の手に移るころには、かなり内容が変化している。
- Chanoyu (tea ceremony) and Chatei were nurtured by town people as this, but its content considerably changed when they were under the management of Busho (Japanese military commander), such as Shigenari FURUTA and Masakazu KOBORI who were the disciples of Rikyu and developed Buke sado (tea ceremony of samurai family).
- なおこの時期の大衆音楽をも「演歌」扱いすることがあるが、本来的には演歌・歌謡曲・声楽曲全ての音楽性が渾然一体となった独特の音楽性を持っており、同一視出来ない。
- Although popular music around that time is sometimes categorized as 'enka,' it intrinsically has unique musical characteristics harmoniously combining all of musical elements of enka, kayo kyoku, and vocal music, so it cannot be identical with enka music.
- 黄櫨には稀に木肌に杢が出る事があり、縄目杢、縮み杢、鳥眼杢、鶉杢等、基本的に華美な装飾を嫌う和弓の中で自然が魅せる美として映り、紋竹と合わせて珍重されている。
- On rare occassions, hazenoki develops moku (a name of a rare pattern) on bark such as Nawamemoku (knot moku), chijimi moku (contracted moku), bird eye moku, and quail moku decorations considered to be the beauty of nature that appears on a wakyu valued along with mondake (bamboo with patterns).
- 本来は自然のままに髪を垂らした姿を言うが、肩の辺りで髪を絵元結で結んでその先を等間隔に水引で束ねていく「元結掛け垂髪」も「おすべらかし」と呼ばれることがある。
- It originally referred to the hairstyle of letting hair down naturally, but the 'motoyui-gake-suihatsu,' a hairstyle of tying hair at shoulder length with an emotoyui (motoyui, or paper string for tying hair, for decoration) and hair below with mizuhiki (decorative Japanese cord made from twisted paper) at equal distance, is also sometimes called 'osuberakashi.'
- なお、臣籍降下に際して、王の身位は当然に除かれるとは言え、名は改めないのが通常であるが、葛城王(橘諸兄)から諸兄、以仁王から以光などのように改める事例もある。
- By the way when Emperors are demoted from nobility to subject, they keep their names although the title of the Emperor cancelled, however there are some cases where they changed their names from the original to another, for example, Prince Kazuraki (TACHIBANA no Moroe) to Moroe, Prince Mochihito to Mochimitsu.
- 以上のような理由から、醪を放置したときの醗酵作用は有限で、あるところで止まるわけだが、そこまで自然に酵母にゆだねて醗酵させきることを完全醗酵というわけである。
- For the reason stated above, if the moromi is left by itself, fermentation activity is finite and stops at some point, and the fermentation left with the moromi by itself to reach this point is called complete fermentation.
- 尭然法親王(ぎょうねんほっしんのう、慶長7年10月3日(1602年11月16日) - 寛文元年8月22日(1661年10月15日))は、江戸時代前期の皇族・僧。
- Monk-Imperial Prince Gyonen (November 16, 1602 - October 15, 1661) was a member of the Imperial Family and a monk during the early Edo period.
- これ打開しようと2007年(平成19年)3月1日より西日本JRバスが、デマンドバスサービスを取り入れるなどの工夫を凝らすものの依然として現状は厳しいものである。
- In order to overcome this situation, the West JR Bus Company has made various efforts, including providing demand responsive transport (DRT) starting in March 1, 2007, etc., but, the situation remains dire.
- 已然形は既に起こっていることを述べる場合(確定条件)に用いられたがこの用法は徐々に衰え、いまだ起きていないことについて述べる仮定条件として使われるようになった。
- The classical imperfective form, previously used to describe what has already occurred (Fixed Condition), started to be used to describe what has not occurred yet (Hypothetical Condition), and Fixed Condition was gradually diminishing.
- - 鬼門崎、龍宮洞門、通天洞門、三尾ノ松島・三尾大島(玄武岩柱状節理の島)、十字洞門、下荒洞門、鋸岬、旭洞門、釣鐘洞門(世界最大の洞門、国指定天然記念物)、伊笹崎
- Kimon-zaki Cape, Ryugu Domon Rock Cave, Tsuten-domon Rock Cave, Mio no Matsushima Island and Mio oshima Island (famous for basalt columnar joint), Juji Domon Rock Cave, Shitaara Domon Rock Cave, Nokogiri-misaki Cape, Asahi-domon Rock Cave, Tsurigane-domon Rock Cave (the world's largest cave, a state's designated natural monument), Isasa-zaki Cape
- また、そのほかにも学界において毒殺説を採る研究者は少なからずおり、1980年代初頭までは孝明天皇の死因について、毒殺を中心とした変死説が然るべき勢力を保っていた。
- There are a few a researchers in the academic world who insisted on the theory was true about the Emperor being poisoned, the Emperor's unnatural death was the dominant theory until the early 1980's.
- 斯波義寛が室町将軍による六角征伐へ織田氏を従えて参陣していることや、斯波義達が遠江国奪還のための出陣を繰り返すなど、依然、守護としての威令は保っていたようである。
- The Shiba clan seems to have maintained the authority of Shugo judging from the fact that Yoshihiro SHIBA participated in Rokkaku subjugation by the Muromachi Shogun with the Oda clan and that Yoshitatsu SHIBA repeatedly went to war to recapture Totomi Province.
- 更に大蔵省内の大隈派が黒田の払い下げ内容が不当に廉価であるとして中止を公然と主張したことから、伊藤が大隈派の「利敵行為」に激怒して一転して「大隈追放」に賛成する。
- Accordingly, political faction of Okuma at the Okura-sho (Ministry of the Treasury) criticized Kuroda regarding the cheap sales prices and called for stop of the sales publicly; hence, Ito got very angry because he considered this as contributions to enemies and completely changed his opinion, agreeing with the banishment of Okuma.
- 『徒然草』第72段に「多くて見苦しからぬは、文車の文、塵塚の塵」という一文があり、この「文車の文」から文車妖妃、「塵塚の塵」から塵塚怪王が創作されたとの説もある。
- As a sentence 'fuguruma no fumi (books on a book cart) and chirizuka no chiri (the rubbish at dust heap) are not unsightly even though there are many or there is much' is seen in the chapter 72 of 'Tsurezuregusa,' some people say that fuguruma-yobi and chirizuka-kaio (the ghost king of the waste) were created based on the above-mentioned 'fuguruma no fumi' and 'chirizuka no chiri' respectively.
- 弁当では、依然として一つの食器に主食からおかず、場合によってはデザートまで収められているため、箸が上手につかえない児童などでは、やはり犬食いとなってしまいやすい。
- When it comes to bento (lunch box), children, who are not able to use chopsticks skillfully, eat like a dog, because staple diet, accompanying dish, and in some cases even dessert are still contained in one eating utensils all together.
- しかし実際には政治の実権は依然摂関家の藤原実頼・藤原師輔兄弟にあり、更に母の穏子や兄の朱雀法皇も後見を名目に政治に関与しようとしたため、親政は表象にすぎなかった。
- However, the actual control of politics was still with FUJIWARA no Saneyori and FUJIWARA no Morosuke (brothers of the regent-and-chancellor family); in addition, the Emperor's mother Onshi and older brother, the Cloistered Emperor Suzaku in his pious life, tried to get involved in politics as guardians, so the government--which was supposed to be ruled by the Emperor--was a superficial one.
- 同時に大覚寺統側からその政治的立場に疑いを持たれるに至り、「関東申次」職を背景に朝廷内で隠然たる力を振るっていた西園寺家はその政治的求心力を大きく損なう事になった。
- At the same time, his political position was questioned by the Daikakuji Imperial line, the Saionji family, who had the position of 'Kanto Moshitsugi' and had strong political power in the Imperial Palace, ended up dramatically losing their unifying political force.
- 出納平田家は催官人であり職掌面では局務押小路家・官務壬生家と同格であったが、伝統的な公家社会では壬生孝亮が唱えたように出納を「凡卑」と捉える考え方は依然と強かった。
- The Suino Hirata family was in the controlling class equivalent to the Kyokumu Oshinokoji family and the Kanmu Mibu family; yet in the traditional court noble society, Suino was regarded as people of humble origin as stated by Takasuke MIBU.
- ただ人欲を人間本来の自然とみる考えを全否定することはなく、それを認めつつ、人欲をコントロールする役目を「理」に与えることにより現実的な政策・思想を構想しようとした。
- The Dongling movement did not deny the idea of considering desire to be innate human nature, rather, it approved the idea, while making 'ri' play the role of controlling desire to establish more realistic policy and ideology.
- 特に下克上が一般化する以前においてこの認識が強く、戦国時代 (日本)の豊臣秀吉のように、百姓その他武士身分以外出身の人物は当然、武士として認められるはずがなかった。
- Especially before gekokujo (an inverted social order when the lowly reigned over the elite) became common, such a point of view dominated and thus, like Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan), a person originating from farmers or from a status not of samurai status could not admitted as bushi by definition.
- よって、頼朝の要請した対象地域には現在義仲が軍事的に占領している全地域すなわち京都を含めた畿内一帯も含まれていたが、北陸道の除外によって畿内も当然除外されたとする。
- Therefore, the area that was requested by Yoritomo to be covered by the decree had included the whole area under Yoshinaka's military occupation at that time, namely the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) including Kyoto, but there is no doubt that the Kinai region was excluded from the decree at the time of the exclusion of the Hokurikudo, according to KOUCHI.
- この顔ぶれからも推察されるように、この京大人文研の活動範囲は狭義の人文科学から自然科学の領域にまでまたがった学際的なもので、今西は自らの学問領域を自然学とも称した。
- As inferable from these members, the activity range of this Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University, is interdisciplinary from narrow cultural science to natural science and IMANISHI also called his own academic field Physica.
- ただし、戦において落人が発生することは珍しいことではなく、まして西海に覇を唱え、大軍を擁しながらも大敗・滅亡した平家にとって多くの落人が発生したことは当然といえる。
- However, given the fact that a war usually creates many fugitives, it is natural to consider that many people of the Taira family became fugitives since the Taira family was defeated and collapsed though it held sway over the western part of Japan and held a large army.
- 例えば「呼吸(筋)の力である」「“気”の力である」「実際の呼吸のように自然で無意識的な力の使い方である」「全身の力を統一したものである」など、意見は多岐に分かれる。
- For example, there are various opinions such as 'the power of the breathing (muscles),' 'power of 'qi,'' the 'way of using power in a natural and subconscious way like actual breathing,' and 'unification of the power of the entire body.'
- 日本各地で、「ご当地~~」と呼ばれる土産品があるが、それらの日用品は、地域の自然や歴史、産業、伝統などに見合った製品を作ろうとしてきた地域の人々の工夫の賜物である。
- Each region in Japan has souvenirs called 'specialty of the region,' and such daily necessities are the result of efforts made by local people who tried to make products in line with local nature, history, industry and tradition.
- もともと太上天皇は天皇と同格かつ同等の権限を有するものとされ、最初の太上天皇である持統天皇と文武天皇以来、太上天皇と天皇が共同で執政することは当然のこととされていた。
- Originally, a retired empreor was considered to hold the same and equivalent authority as an emperor, so it was considered natural that the retired emperor and emperor rule together since the first Retired Emperor Jito and Emperor Monmu.
- 元弘の変が失敗に終わったあとも、幕府の追及を逃れた後醍醐の皇子護良親王、楠木正成らのゲリラ的抵抗運動は続き、規模的にも地域的にも次第に純然たる叛乱へと拡大していった。
- After the Genko Incident ended in failure, guerilla like resistance continued under Godaigo's son, Imperial Prince Moriyoshi and Masashige KUSUNOKI, and gradually the size and region increased until it was a true insurrection.
- 現在に至る過去数十年間、中国での砂漠化の主な原因は、伐採、放牧、農耕、水利用の失敗などの人為的なものに加えて、自然な気候変動による乾燥化が重なったことだとされている。
- It is considered that the major factors contributing to desertification in the last several tens of years in China were the dry climate due to climate changes in addition to artificial factors, such as policy failures in cutting trees, pasturing, farming and water usage.
- 歌絵(うたえ)とは、和歌や物語、有名な故事に登場する器物、自然現象、動植物などを数種類配置することによって、元となった和歌や物語を連想させるように仕向けた意匠のこと。
- The Uta-e is an elaborately designed pictorial work consisting of several illustrations depicting tools, natural phenomenon, plants and animals among other things that appear in Japanese poems, stories, and famous ceremonies, aimed at helping readers imagine and understand the backgrounds of these works.
- 例として、天然理心流の剣術では、まず切紙、次いで目録、中極意、免許、指南免許という順番であり、各段階で形の目録や流儀の秘訣、流儀の由来などが書かれた伝書が与えられた。
- For example, in the case of kenjutsu of Tennenrishin-ryu school, first Kirigami was issued, and then Mokuroku, Chu-gokui, Menkyo, and Shinan-menkyo were issued in order, and at every grade the densho was given in which the catalog of the forms, the secret methods of the style, the origin of the style and so on were written.
- なお、指定件数はそれぞれ2009年(平成21年)2月12日現在のものであり、史跡、名勝または天然記念物の、それぞれの重複指定がされている場合、重複分を含む件数である。
- The above numbers of designated monuments are as of February 12, 2009, and the numbers include overlapping designations among the above categories of historic site, place of scenic beauty and natural monument, if any.
- しかし、このような新政策は、当然、既得権を侵害される貴族・大寺社の抵抗や全国統一政権としての性格を強めつつあった幕府の規制を受けて充分な成果を挙げることはできなかった。
- However, such new measures naturally did not attain sufficient results because of resistance from aristocrats, large temples and shrines that had their privileges infringed upon and the restrictions imposed by the bakufu, which was strengthening its character as a united national government.
- 取り掛け方は、使用者によって変わる(元々三つを使用していた場合は三つの取り掛け、四つを使用していた場合は四つの取り掛けをし、当然、前者と後者で帽子の角度や長さも違う。)
- The way of setting a string depends on the users (those who have originally used three fingers use a mitsugke and those who have originally used four fingers use a yotsugake, naturally, the former and the latter are different in the angle and length of a boshi).
- 最初は父譲りの道安の流れを汲んでいたと思われるが、古田重然や小堀遠州の影響を受けながら後水尾天皇をはじめ公家との交流のなかで「姫宗和」と呼ばれる優美な茶風を築きあげた。
- Although it is thought that he was at first influenced by the tea ceremony of Doan as his father was, he gradually perfected his own elegant style, called 'Hime Sowa,' which was created as a result of his friendships with the court nobles such as Emperor Gomizunoo, as well as having had the influence of tea ceremony masters such as Shigenari FURUTA and Enshu KOBORI.
- ここでは、地方自治体の試験研究機関、すなわち農業試験場、醸造試験所などで、気候や土壌を初めとした、それぞれの都道府県の自然条件を生かすように開発された酒米の品種をさす。
- This means varieties of sakamai that are developed by municipal experimental and research institutions such as agricultural experiment stations and brewing laboratories, so that the natural conditions of each prefecture--such as climate and soil quality--can be fully utilized.
- それ以前の皇統については、折口信夫の主張する中天皇論等を考慮すれば、女系天皇(純然たる女系あるいは男系でなく双系という意見もある)であった可能性も少なくないとの説もある。
- As for the imperial line before that period, Nakatsusumeramikoto ron; if the existence of Empress or Princess who was a liaison between God and Emperor advocated by Nobuo ORIGUCHI, is considered, female-line Emperors might have existed (some people say that they were neither female-line nor male-line but female & male-line Emperors).
- 万葉集では「香具山は畝火(うねび)ををしと耳梨(みみなし)と相あらそひき神代よりかくにあるらし古昔も然にあれこそうつせみも嬬をあらそふらしき」(天智天皇)と歌われている。
- In the Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), the Three Mountains of Yamato are sung 'kaguyama wa unebi o oshi to miminashi to aiarasohiki shindai yori kakuni arurashi konseki mo zen ni arekoso utsusemi mo ju wo arasourashiki' (Emperor Tenchi).
- よって、そもそも須須許里なる人物が実在したかどうかも不明であるが、いずれにせよ百済からの帰化人が用いた醸造法ということであれば、当然それは麹によるものであったに違いない。
- Therefore, it is not sure whether a person named Susukori actually existed or not, but anyway if it was made in the brewing method by a naturalized citizen from Baekje, it must have been a sake brewed by rice malt.
- 西洋近代を告げるルネサンスにおいては自然回帰運動が起き、芸術の世界では具象をありのままに捉えようとする近代的パースペクティヴが発展し、写実性を求める動きが次第に強まった。
- A movement pursuing photorealism was gradually intensified with the back-to-nature movement launched during the Renaissance which brought the modernization of Western culture, as well as with the modern perspective developed in the world of art which attempted to depict figures as they were.
- 『続日本紀』に「誣告」と記載されていることから、同書が成立した平安時代初期の朝廷日本の朝廷内では、長屋王が無実の罪を着せられたことが公然の事実となっていたと想定されている。
- Since the words 'false accusation' appeared in 'Shoku Nihongi', it is considered that it was an open secret in the imperial court in the early Heian period in which the chronicle was composed, that Prince Nagaya was falsely charged.
- 例えば、自国において金流出が起こったとする、その国では民間の兌換請求によって金を買い戻していることになるから、必然的に自国通貨のマネーサプライの減少をもたらし、均衡に至る。
- For example, gold flowing out of the home country means that the private sector is repurchasing gold through their requests for conversion, and the reduction of the supply of its home currency will eventually bring equilibrium to domestic economy.
- 現在日本の鹿は天然記念物として保護されているため、鹿革は全て中国等外国からの輸入品であるが、近年養鹿業は採算が合わないとして数が減りつつあり、将来的な供給が危ぶまれている。
- At present Japanese deer are protected as natural treasures and thus all the deerskin is imported from foreign countries such as China and so on, but recently the number of deer farming industries is decreasing because they are unprofitable and the future supply is under threat.
- 墨汁には天然由来の煤ではなく工業的に作られたカーボンブラック(炭素)を使っているものがある(このカーボンは、複写機などで使われるトナーとほとんど同じ成分である場合もある)。
- There are some bokuju that use industrially produced carbon black (carbon) (in some cases, this carbon has almost the same constituents as toners used in copy machines) when compared to naturally derived soot.
- 「史跡」、「名勝」、「天然記念物」などの総称であるが、地方公共団体によっては「旧跡」という種別を設けて「記念物」に含めて文化財指定している場合もある(東京都、埼玉県など)。
- Although the term 'monuments' collectively means 'historical sites,' 'places of scenic beauty' and 'natural monuments' in the Law, some local public bodies (such as Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture) include another category 'Ruins' in designating their cultural properties.
- やや犬食いから話が逸れるが、日本に隣接する朝鮮の食文化では食器を持たずに匙で皿の上にすくい上げ、この匙に口(必然的に顔も)を近づけ食べることがマナーにかなったものとされる。
- Wandering from the subject 'Inugui,' but in food culture of Korea adjacent to Japan, scooping food with spoon from the plate without holding plates and move mouth (inevitably, face as well) closer to the spoon is considered to be a good manner.
- 浄瑠璃古浄瑠璃の独唱のあと幕浅黄幕が切って落とされると、極彩色の華麗な山門の屋根がそこにあり、金爛丹前に大百日鬘という出で立ちの五右衛門がその上で悠然と煙管を吹かしている。
- Following the solo of Joruri (dramatic narrative chanted to a samisen accompaniment), the whole Asagi-maku curtain (colored with sky-blue and white) drops to show the colorful, splendid roof of Sanmon on the stage, and on the roof, Goemon, wearing a kinran-tanzen (thick jacket with elaborate pattern sewed with gold threads) and an obyakunichi-katsura (manly wig with shaggy wisps in front), calmly smoking a pipe.
- こうしたことから奉公衆とはいえ一般の番衆とは区別され、書札礼では「小笠原殿のことは、弓馬師範たる間、如何にも賞翫にて恐惶謹言と書く事、可然也」(『大舘常興書札抄』)とされた。
- Because of those, it was distinguished from ordinary banshu (guards) though it was hokoshu, and in Shosatsurei (Remarks on the Concept of Epistolary Etiquette) it was written 'it is natural that I humbly write about Mr. Ogasawara with appreciation while they are serving as the position of the master of kyuba' ('Odachijoko shosatsusho').
- 養老律令以後、日本では律令の編纂は行われなくなり、遣唐使の廃止によって中国律令の導入もなくなったが、当然のことながら中国ではその後も歴代王朝で律令の編纂や改訂が行われてきた。
- Since the Yoro code, there has been no compilation of ritsuryo in Japan, and with the abolition of the Japanese envoy to China in the Tang dynasty, Chinese ritsuryo was no longer being introduced, but naturally, compilation and revision of ritsuryo continued in successive dynasties in China.
- 実際の執行例としても、土御門天皇の代、1207年(承元元年)に法然の弟子である法本坊行空と安楽坊遵西が、女犯の罪で羅切の刑に処せられたとの、「皇帝紀抄(巻7)」の記録がある。
- The actual incidents were also recorded in 'Kotei Kisho, volume 7' ('Excerpt From the Imperial Age') that the pupils of Honen priest, Gyouku and Jyunsai, received the penalty of 'Rasetsu' for violating precepts by committing adultery in 1207.
- 特に以前武家伝奏として皇位継承問題に関与していた中院は天皇本人を前にして後水尾法皇と前将軍家綱が死んでから1年余りでその意向をひっくり返した天皇と綱吉を公然と罵ったのである。
- Especially Nakanoin, who had been involved in the imperial throne succession as a Buke Tenso (liaison officer between the Imperial Court and the Bakufu), abused the Emperor and Tsunayoshi, openly in the presence of the Emperor himself, for reversing the intention of Cloistered Emperor Gomizunoo and former Shogun Ietsuna in only a little over one year after the deaths of both.
- そのため、義政がこれ以上の政治参加に倦んで義尚に突然将軍を譲って引退しても、また両軍の総大将である細川勝元・山名宗全が相次いで病死しても諸大名は兵を撤退させることは無かった。
- This only caused Yoshimasa to lose what little interest he had left in politics, prompting him suddenly to relinquish the position of Shogun to Yoshihisa and retire, but the conflict between the two armies continued, and even after the successive natural deaths by illness of each army's supreme commanders, Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and Sozen YAMANA, the various daimyo did not withdraw their forces.
- 紀元前10000年頃を起源とする日本の芸術文化は、歴史的に見ると新文化あるいは外国の考えが突然流入してくる時期があり、その後に海外との接触がほとんどない時期が長く続いている。
- Japanese art culture, originating in 10000 B.C. was descended from the period when new culture or foreign concepts was introduced all of a sudden, followed by the long period when cultural exchange was interrupted.
- また神奈備などの自然環境の変化する端境の場所だけでなく、坂、峠、辻、橋、集落の境など人の手の加わった土地である「道」の状態が変化する場所も、異界(神域)との端境と考えられた。
- In addition, aside from places such as kannabi that mark boundaries where the natural environment changes, places such as hills, mountain passes, crossroads, bridges and boundaries between settlements where the condition of man-made areas such as 'paths' change, were also considered to represent boundaries that marked the unfamiliar world (sacred realm).
- 鰻重単体で比較した場合、鰻の個体差により若干の差が生じるが鰻の大きさによってランク付けする場合、半身か一匹かで分ける場合、ウナギが天然か養殖かでランク付けする場合などがある。
- Ranking varies; in comparing the Unaju itself, ranks are based on the size of eel although there is a slight difference among individual eels; the ranks are also determined factors including whether the eel is served half or whole, and whether the eel is wild or farmed.
- 放心・止心・無心・残心・丹心・錬心 など禅宗(インドの苦行開眼精神を色濃く残す仏教の一派)の概念を神道や道教などと渾然一体となし、日本独自の「心根」にした代表的な武芸である。
- It is a representative military art in Japan that includes ideas from the Zen sect (a Buddhist sect that strongly maintains the spirit of awaking through ascetic training in India) such as ho-shin (absentmindedness), shi-shin (adherence (to something)), mu-shin (a state of mind free from delusion), zan-shin (physical and spiritual alertness after delivering a strike or thrust), tan-shin (sincerity) and ren-shin (training the mind) with Shinto and Taoism and established them as an unique 'kokorone' (feelings) in Japan.
- 双方とも茣蓙が大事な商売道具でもあり、偶然なのか洒落なのか、またはそのような実態が的屋としての「転び」にあったかは定かではないが、茣蓙の上に商品を乗せる商いの総称ともとれる。
- Both required straw floor mats as important business tools, and it was a general term used to describe businesses where goods were sold from straw mats on the floor, rather than an actual stall, although is not certain whether 'korobi' (falling) was a pun or just happened to be called, or referred to businesses actually collapsing.
- 琵琶湖以外の自然環境では、京阪神や中京圏から登山客やスキーレジャー客を集めているほか、近年では里山や田園、針江区などがアグリツーリズム・エコツーリズムの観点で見直されつつある。
- In addition to visitors to Lake Biwa, not only mountain climbers and skiiers come to Shiga from Keihanshin and Chukyo areas but also quite a lot of people are attracted to 'Satoyama' (farming landscape near the hills and mountains in Japan), rural sites and Harie District from the viewpoints of agritourism and ecotourism.
- サリーム系王族は当然これに抵抗し、両派のあいだで妥協の道も探られたが、結局決裂に終わり、ジャービル系が掌握する政府は、首長解任権を持つ議会に首長サアドを解任する議案を提出した。
- Salim line royal members naturally were against this, and there were efforts to reach a compromise between the two lines, but the talks ended in breaking up and the government run by the Jabir line submitted a bill to dismiss the chief to the congress, which has the right to dismiss the chief.
- そして、1911年(明治44年)1月19日付の読売新聞社説に「もし両朝の対立をしも許さば、国家の既に分裂したること、灼然火を賭るよりも明かに、天下の失態之より大なる莫かるべし。
- In the editorial of Yomiuri Shinbun issued January 19, 1911, the following idea was proposed: 'If both dynasties are allowed to oppose each other, it is clear that the nation is divided and this is the fault of the government.
- また「村重に反意あり」としていた細川藤孝は、「君に引く荒木ぞ弓の筈ちがい、居るにいられぬ有岡の城」という歌を詠んで、突然城と家族を捨て茶道具と共に夜逃げした荒木村重を皮肉った。
- Fujitaka HOSOKAWA, who had believed that 'Murashige had an intention to raise rebellion,' criticized Murashige ARAKI, who suddenly abandoned the castle and family and did a moonlight flit with tea utensils, by composing a tanka meaning 'Although Araki drew a bow against his lord, but a nock was out of order, he could not stay in Arioka-jo Castle.'
- 豊臣政権末期の政情不安定期に公権力を漠然と公儀と呼ぶ慣習が生まれ、江戸時代に入ると統一政権で諸領主権力間の唯一の利害調整機関となった江戸幕府を指して公儀と呼ばれるようになった。
- Kogi became the general term for official authority in the period of governmental instability in towards the end of the Toyotomi administration, and in the Edo Period, Kogi started to indicate the Edo bakufu which was the only unified authority that mediated the power struggles among the feudal lords.
- また、平季長と紀長谷雄は将来国家を支える大器になるだろうと予測し、両名を重用するように求めている(ただし、平季長は御遺誡が出されてからわずか19日後に突然の病で死去している)。
- TAIRA no Suenaga and KI no Haseo were predicted to be great talents and Kanpyo no goyuikai requested that they should be given important posts (TAIRA no Suenaga, however, died suddenly of an illness just 19 days after it was issued).
- 自国人平常晴今常澄父也、手譲平常重并嫡男常胤、依官物負累、譲国司藤原親通朝臣、彼朝臣譲二男親盛朝臣、而依匝瑳北条之由緒、以当御厨公験、所譲給義宗也、然者父常晴長譲渡他人畢所也。
- 自国人平常晴今常澄父也,手譲平常重并嫡男常胤,依官物負累,譲国司藤原親通朝臣,彼朝臣譲二男親盛朝臣,而依匝瑳北条之由緒,以当御厨公験,所譲給義宗也,然者父常晴長譲渡他人畢所也.
- 遊牧民族の彼らは牧草を求め常に移動しならが生活、また屢々馬に跨がり他民族と闘っていたが、彼らのこういった生活文化の中で自然的必要性から騎射は開発・発展して来たものと考えられる。
- Since they were nomadic tribes, they moved around to live to look for good vegetation and also fought against other tribes on horseback, and it is presumed that Kisha was developed and improved through the manner of their lifestyle, as it was naturally necessary for them.
- このため、各地に古くから伝わる伝統的な番茶には様々な製法で作られたものがあり、茶の木から葉を摘み取って自然乾燥させただけの薬草茶の様なものから中国茶のような発酵茶まで存在する。
- Because of this, traditional bancha of various regions have differing manufacturing methods, ranging from those like herbal teas which consist only of leaves which have been dried naturally, to fermented teas like those from China.
- 嵯峨上皇の崩後も太皇太后として隠然たる勢力を有し、橘氏の子弟のために大学別曹学館院を設立するなど勢威を誇り、仁明天皇の地位を安定させるために承和の変にも深く関わったといわれる。
- She had absolute power as a grand empress after the Retired Emperor Saga died, she wielded her influence and established Daigaku besso Gakkan in (accommodation facility built near the University or college by the influential court nobles for their children in the Heian period) for the Tachibana clan, and was deeply involved in the Showa Incident to secure the position for Emperor Ninmyo.
- これでは、父鳥羽法皇が後白河を皇位の器ではないとみなしたのは、当然と言える(無論、崇徳、近衛、後白河の3代28年に渡り鳥羽法皇が院政を敷いていた事を、考慮に入れねばならない)。
- We must say it was natural for his father, the Cloistered Emperor Toba to mention that Goshirakawa didn't have what it takes to be an emperor. (We must consider that the Cloistered Emperor Toba ruled his cloistered government for twenty eight years, during three generations, from Emperor Sutoku, Konoe, through to Goshirakawa.)
- 大都市に隣接しながらも、水田生態系が豊富に残されており、国指定特別天然記念物のアユモドキやオオサンショウウオ、ホトケドジョウが観察されているが都市開発による減少が心配されている。
- Even though the city is located near big cities, the ecosystem of the paddy field remains rich in Kameoka City; special natural treasures designated by the government such as kissing loach, Japanese giant salamander and Japanese eight-barbel loach have been observed, but their numbers have declined due to urban development, causing concern.
- その動きは早くは中世から見られるが、一般には江戸時代中期後期以後の儒教や国学 (学問)や復古神道に伴うものを指し、狭義には明治新政府により出された神仏分離令(正式には神仏判然令。
- The earliest movement had already appeared in the Medieval Period, but the Shinbutsu-bunri usually refers to the separation carried out in accordance with the advancement of Confucianism, Kokugaku (the study of Japanese classical literature), and the Fukko-shinto (Reactionary Shintoism) which occurred in and after the mid or late Edo period.In a more limited sense, it refers to the separation carried out throughout the country according to the ordinance issued by the new Meiji government, called Shinbutsu Bunri-rei (officially named Shinbutsu Hanzen-rei, which means the Edict for Separation of Shinto and Buddhism), which was a general term representing a series of official notices issued between April 5, 1868 and December 1, 1868, such as the edict of the Daijokan (Grand Council of State), the notification of the Jingikan (Department of Worship), and the notification of the Daijokan.
- 仏教、密教、ヒンドゥー教などのインド文化を起源とするものや五節句や二十四節気など中華文明の風俗習慣を起源に持つ物も存在し、それらが日本古来の神道と渾然一体となっているものもある。
- Some are derived from Indian culture such as Buddhism, Esoteric Buddhism and Hinduism, some originates from manners and customs of civilization in China such as five seasonal festivals and Nijushisekki (24 divisions of the old calendar), and in some cases these elements have been blended together with the Japanese traditional Shinto.
- 付喪神(つくもがみ)とは、日本の民間信仰における観念で、長い年月を経て古くなったり、長く生きた依り代(道具や生き物や自然の物)に、神 (神道)や霊魂などが宿ったものの総称である。
- Tsukumogami, the notion of Japanese folk beliefs, is a collective name of old or long-used yorishiro (objects representative of divine spirits) (tools, living things and natural things) in which deities (Shinto religion) or divine spirits reside.
- 「空海・小野道風の書、妙は則ち妙なり、神は則ち神也、然れども之れを細観し来る時は唯唐書の盲従者たるに過ぎずして、唐代の書を遡源的に解釈して之れを崇拝したるものにあらざるが如し。」
- The calligraphy of Kukai and that of ONO no Tofu are exquisite, if asked whether they are exquisite or not, and are like being written by god, if asked whether they are like being written by god or not, but when viewing their works minutely, it is found that they were only imitators of calligraphy in Tang and did not worship what they understood as the origin of calligraphy in the Tang period.
- 赤松則村の長男赤松範資の後裔赤松氏満は石野城を与えられたことで表向きは石野氏を称し、別所長治の部将として羽柴秀吉麾下の猛将古田重則(古田重然の兄)を三木城攻防戦で討ち取るなど活躍。
- Ujimitsu AKAMATSU was the descendent of Norisuke AKAMATSU, the first son of Norimura AKAMATSU, and he ostensibly proclaimed himself as a member of the Ishino clan, since he was given the Ishino-jo Castle, and he rendered distinguished service in the battle over the Miki-jo Castle as a military commander of Nagaharu BESSHO, by defeating Shigenori FURUTA (Shigenari's older brother), a courageous warrior under the command of Hideyoshi HASHIBA.
- しかしながら、ここを「列侯会議」に限定せずに漠然と「広く会議」に改めたことは、後に起草者たちの意図を離れ、民権論者によって民選議会を開設すべき根拠として拡張解釈されるようになった。
- However the vague revision to 'widely established deliberative assemblies' not restricting 'councils by feudal lords' was extended later by civil rights advocates as the authority to establish popularly-elected parliament, being far from the original intentions of drafters.
- 愛宕の計画に加わっていた久留米藩士達も当然、本国の同志や彼らの庇護下にあった大楽と連絡を取り合っていたことから、愛宕・外山・久留米藩及び大楽による三角同盟が形成されることとなった。
- Since the Kurume retainers taking part in Otagi's plan were naturally in contact with the members in their domain and Dairaku under their shelter, a triangle alliance among Otagi, Toyama, Kurume clan, and Dairaku was formed.
- また、左記はあくまで単年の排出量で比較した話であり、累積排出量で比べればその差は歴然としているため、その事にも配慮してEUなどの工業先進国は率先して京都議定書を締結したものである。
- And the above descriptions comes from the comparison in a single year emission amount and if compared in accumulated emission amounts, the difference will be obviously bigger; therefore, industrially developed countries such as EU and the like took the lead in ratification of the Kyoto Protocol.
- 整然とした端正な形を好み、抽象を重んじる他の茶器とは違い、歪んだ形の沓(くつかけ)茶碗や、市松模様や幾何学模様の絵付け、後代には扇子などの形をした食器や香炉など、具象的な物が多い。
- While other chaki are expected to be well-ordered and decent in shape and also are valued for their abstraction, Oribe ware include a number of representational articles, such as irregularly-shaped Kutsukake chawan (tea bowls shaped like a shoe of old times), those with a checkered or geometric-pattern hand painting, and in later years, tableware and incense burners in the shape of a sensu (folding fan) and the like.
- 天平年間は災害や疫病(天然痘)が多発したため聖武天皇は仏教に深く帰依し、天平13年(741年)には国分寺建立の詔を、天平16年(743年)には東大寺盧舎那仏像の建立の詔を出している。
- Because disasters and plagues (smallpox) occurred frequently during Tenpyo era, Emperor Shomu became a devout believer of Buddhism and he issued the Imperial Edict to erect Kokubun-ji Temple in 741, the Imperial Edict to erect the statue of Birushana Buddha in Todai-ji Temple in 743.
- はじめ天台宗の教学を学んだ法然は、承安 (日本)5年(1175年)、もっぱら阿弥陀仏の誓いを信じ「南無阿弥陀仏」と念仏を唱えれば、死後は平等に往生できるという専修念仏の教えを説いた。
- Honen who first learned religious doctrines of the Tendai sect preached the teachings of Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) in 1175; everybody has an equal chance to go to heaven if one believed the oath of Amida Buddha and said the prayer of 'Namuamidabutsu,'
- 荒田の発生原因には様々な原因があるが、大きく分けると地味の乏しさなど土地本来の条件による場合と洪水による荒廃(「河成(かわなり)」)などの自然災害に由来するものに分けることが出来る。
- The reasons for Koden were various and can be largely divided into cases due to physical aspects of the property itself, such as poor soil, and cases due to natural disasters such as flooding (Kawanari).
- また祖霊信仰や自然崇拝から、無念を伴って亡くなった生命は荒御魂になり、禍をもたらすこともあると考えていたので、その御霊代(みたましろ・依り代)として塚を建立し慰霊して来た歴史がある。
- Additionally, based on the teachings of ancestor and nature worship, since it was believed that a life ended in bitter disappointment would turn into a wrathful spirit which might bring evils to this world, history shows that a mound was erected as an object to be honored in place of a person's soul (divine spirit) for the repose of his or her spirit.
- 日本のランチプレートを使う給食で問題と成った犬食いでは、麺類(例えばソフト麺)が先割れスプーンしかないため食べ難く、必然的に料理に鼻先を突っ込まざるを得ないという問題も持ち上がった。
- Although Inugui became a problem at school lunch where lunch plates were used, and another problem that students had difficulty in eating noodles (e.g. soft type noodles) with using spork only they had, and they were forced to put their noses into the meal arose.
- それまでは、自然崇拝や祖霊崇拝であった観念が、家畜や器物(生活の道具)にまで及び、「もの」を粗末にしないようにとの思いから、九十九神などの神霊の観念が生まれ、江戸時代まで引き継がれた。
- The philosophy which had been for ancestor worship and nature worship, began to cover livestock and properties (tools used in daily life), and in order to save on things, the idea of divine spirits such as Tsukumogami (the divine spirit that resides in old tools or creatures) was developed, which was inherited down to the Edo period.
- 自然破壊や、設置期間の終了後にゴミになるなど環境問題などの関係や、藁など材料の入手難、集合住宅の発達など社会環境の変化などからか、画像の様な本格的な門松が設置されることは少なくなった。
- Fewer people put up full-scale kadomatsu such as those seen in pictures probably due to a combination of concerns regarding the destruction of nature, environmental issues such as the used kadomatsu after the display period, the difficulty in obtaining straws and other materials, and the change in the social environment such as in the development of apartment buildings.
- 長さを大太刀に近い長さにした素振り用の木刀や、天然理心流剣術のように長さは変えず、通常の真剣以上の重さにし、太く作る事で、正確な手の内を鍛える事等を目的とした、鍛錬用の木刀も存在する。
- There are additionally training bokuto for suburi that are made longer so as to be of similar length to odachi (long swords), as well as ones, such as those used by the Tennen-rishin school, for practicing the correct hand position and so on that are not lengthened, but weigh more and are fatter than normal shinken (real swords).
- また、直後に始まった鴨川 (淀川水系)の堤防設置工事にの完成(1670年)によって鴨川の河原が消えて水路化し、逆に五条以北の水路が消えたために洛中と洛外を区切る自然条件が大きく変化した。
- Owing to the completion (in 1670) an embankment along the Kamo-gawa River (the Yodo-gawa River System) on which construction began immediately afterwards, the natural conditions dividing Rakuchu from Rakugai changed significantly when the river beach of the Kamo-gawa River was eliminated and the river transformed into a channel while channels to the north of Gojo disappeared.
- なお始めの名称は「冷然院」であったが、たびたび火災による焼失と再建を繰り返したことから「然」の字が「燃」に通じ不吉であるとされて、天暦8年(954年)頃の再建の際に「冷泉院」に改称した。
- The original name was 'Reizenin' (冷然院), and it was renamed 'Reizeiin' (冷泉院) when it was restored around 954, because 'Reizenin' (冷然院) was considered unlucky for the reason that the character of '然' was similar to '燃' which means 'burn'; in fact, it had burned out and been restored a few times.
- 「商工等は、武士・農民の事欠け申さざる程に渡世致し候はば然るべく候」として商工を非生産的な身分であり、都市が繁栄する事そのものが無駄以外の何者でもないと断じて厳しい奢侈禁止令を実施した。
- The sumptuary law stated that 'merchants as well as artisans should always remember that they are to work so as not to inconvenience samurai and farmers,' thus labeling the development of the city itself useless and forcing severe restrictions on these classes of people.
- 合気道においては上記の意味合いも踏まえ、そこから更に推し進めて「他者と争わず、自然や宇宙の法則(=“気”)に和合することによって理想の境地を実現する」といった精神理念を表すものになった。
- In aikido, going beyond the implications above, it came to stand for the spiritual principle of 'realizing the ideal state through harmony with the principles of nature and the universe (equivalent to 'qi'), in which there is no conflict with others.'
- 一般的に、長い時間を経て大自然によりもたらされる物体の劣化や、本来あるべき日本の四季が造り出す、儚いもの、質素なもの、空虚なものの中にある美しさや趣や情緒を見つけ、心で感じるということ。
- Generally speaking, it means that the objects are deteriorated by the wild nature for a long time or that we find some beauty, omomuki (taste, meaning) or mood in the fragile, the simple or the empty which are created by Japanese four seasons per se and feel it in our minds.
- 寛永6年(1629年)の紫衣事件や将軍徳川家光の乳母春日局が無官のまま参内した事件に、江戸幕府への憤りを覚えた父の後水尾天皇から突然の内親王宣下と譲位を受け、興子内親王として7歳で践祚。
- The Empress succeeded to the throne at the age of seven as Imperial Princess Okiko after suddenly receiving the title Princess by Imperial order from her father, Emperor Gomizunoo, who was angry about the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after the Shie Incident in 1629, and another incident, Shogun Iemitsu TOKUGAWA's educator, Kasuga no Tsubone entered the Imperial Palace without any official position.
- 幕藩体制の崩壊に伴い、中央集権国家の確立を急ぐ必要があった新政府は、律令制を範とした名称を復活させた(例:太政官、大蔵省など。ただし、当然のことながら実態は律令制のそれとはかなり異なる)。
- The new government, which needed to establish a centralized government quickly after the feudal system of the Shogunate collapsed, restored job titles and names of government offices following the Ritsuryo system (such as Dajokan [Grand Council of State] and the Ministry of Finance. Naturally, the actual work of the given titles was substantially different from that under the Ritsuryo system).
- 煬帝の家臣である裴世清を連れて帰国した妹子は、返書を百済に盗まれて無くしてしまったと言明している(「臣參還之時 唐帝以書授臣 然經過百濟國之日 百濟人探以掠取 是以不得上」『日本書紀』)。
- According to 'Nihonshoki,' Imoko said he did not have the reply because a person from Baekje stole it, when he returned to Japan with Hai Seisei, a vassal of Yang Guang.
- 遠州流は武家茶道の代表とも言える流儀で、武野紹鴎・千利休と発展した質素で内省的な「わび」「さび」の茶道に、古田重然を経て小堀政一独特の美意識を加えた「綺麗さび」と呼ばれる茶風を特徴とする。
- Enshu school is a school of tea ceremony that can be said to represent the samurai tea ceremony; it features a style called 'kirei-sabi' (pure elegance), which is a synthesis of the austere and introspective way of tea incorporating 'wabi' (simplicity) and 'sabi' (elegance) developed by Joo TAKENO and SEN no Rikyu, and Masakazu KOBORI's original aesthetic sense, as influenced by Shigenari FURUTA.
- 近代になってサービス業として登場した葬儀会社の介入もあり、ビジネス化された仏式葬儀に疑問を持つ人びとも増えつつあり、自然葬(散骨、宇宙葬、森林葬など)もひとつの形式として浸透し始めている。
- Due to participation by funeral directors which appeared as a service business in the early modern times, and an increase in the number of people who are in doubt about commercialized Buddhist ritual funeral services, burial services in nature (ash scattering, burial in the space, burial in the forest) have also started spreading as a form of funeral ceremony.
- 1927年(昭和2年)6月14日に、植物群落が「深泥池水生植物群」として国の天然記念物に指定され、その後1988年(昭和63年)に「深泥池生物群集」として生物群集全体に対象が広げられている。
- On June 14, 1927, the plant community in this pond was designated as a protected species referred to as the 'Midoroga-ike aquiherbosa' and, subsequently, in 1988, the scope of this designation was expanded to include all of living matter in the pond, referred to as the 'Midoroga-ike biological community.'
- 「オウム国家樹立に伴い、神道に基盤におく皇室は当然の如く廃止され、新たに葛城等の姓を与えて民籍人とする。代わって麻原一族が皇族となる。(既に自身の長男・次男に皇子なる称号を授与していた)。」
- With the establishment of the Aum state, the Imperial Family who have their base on Shinto are to be abolished and family names such as Katsuragi will be given to them to be Minsekijin (general public on a population register). Instead, Asahara and his family become the Imperial Family (He has already given the title of Prince to his eldest and second sons).'
- 士族の称は家に従属するもので、人の一身に専属するものではないから、士族が家を去って他家に入ったときはもちろんのこと、分家したときも当然その称をうしない、平民となった(明治7年布告第73号)。
- The designation of shizoku is associated with each family but not with an individual person, and, therefore, it is no wonder that not only any one who left a family of shizoku and entered other family but also any one who established a separate branch family had to lose the designation of shizoku of his former family and became heimin (Edict No.73 of 1874.)
- (風姿花伝は能楽論であり茶の本は茶道論であるが、共に芸道論ではない。仮に風姿花伝を外国語訳で紹介することを考えた場合、題名を能楽論とすることは不自然ではないが芸道論とするのは適切ではない。)
- (Fushikaden is a discussion on Noh, Cha no hon is a discussion on the tea ceremony however, neither is a treatise as such. For example, on occasions when people have thought about introducing Fushikaden in foreign languages, it has been felt that giving the book a title of 'Treatise on Noh drama' would be unnatural and, not appropriate for it to be called a treatise on the arts.)
- 今となってはこれが幸いしてか、マズルローダー競技(前装銃競技)のマッチロック(火縄銃)種目では、欧米人の選手の多くが日本製の火縄銃を使用し、当然これを使い慣れた日本人選手もメダルを獲得し易い。
- However this is now in favor of Japanese competitors in the event of matchlock of muzzle loader since most European competitors use Japanese matchlock which is familiar to Japanese ones, it is easier for the Japanese to obtain medals.
- 当時、武士の台頭や僧兵の横暴、公家勢力の後退などによる社会不安、天変地異・疫病・火災などの自然災害を経験した人びとは、はっきりと末法を意識するようになり、無常観や厭世観がかき立てられていった。
- The people who experienced public fear owing to the appearance of samurai, despotic acts by armed priest, a down fallen court noble force, and natural disasters such as extraordinary natural phenomenon, epidemics, fire became clearly aware of Mappo, and the concept of the impermanence or a pessimistic view of life among the population was intensified.
- 野生酵母(やせいこうぼ)とは、もともと空気中、土壌、植物をはじめ自然界に存在しているすべての酵母を意味するが、日本酒の醸造過程においては目指す酒質を得るための酵母以外のすべての酵母を意味する。
- Yasei-kobo (wild yeast) refers to all kinds of yeast which originally live in the nature including the air, the soil, and plants while, in the fermentation process of Japanese sake, refers to all kinds of yeast other than those that are used to obtain the desired sake quality.
- 剣術集団である新選組は、中心となる近藤ら試衛館の天然理心流に加えて神道無念流剣術、北辰一刀流剣術などさまざまな剣術流派に加え、槍術や柔術などを学んだ隊士もおり、実戦本意の集団戦法の集団であった。
- Shinsen-gumi, was comprised of men with strong kenjutsu (fencing) abilities, and in addition to KONDO's Shiei-kan, Tennen Rishin-ryu, which was the main line, there were men of various kenjutsu schools, including Shindo Munen Ryu, Hokushin Itto Ryu, etc., and also members who learned sojutsu (spearmanship), jujutsu (judo), etc., and they used group fighting tactics, with emphasis on actual fighting.
- 旧皇族との関連で言えば、準則は、伏見宮系の皇族を皇位継承者として確保することよりも、むしろ邦家親王の子孫からこれ以上宮家・皇族が増加することを抑制し、将来的には自然消滅に導くことを志向していた。
- Regarding the former Imperial Family, the purpose of the regulation was to prevent increasing the numbers of Miyake and prevent Imperial Family members spreading from among the Imperial Prince's descendants and to let it die out in the future accordingly, not to keep the Imperial succession from the Fushiminomiya line.
- しかし、同じ詔の中で「月日とともに長く、天地とともに変わらず、改めてはならない法として立てられた」とほぼ同じに長々しく形容されている二つの法が別のものを指すというのは不自然だと考える学者が多い。
- However, many scholars consider that it is unnatural to think that the two different laws are similarly modified by the excessively long adjective phrase that means 'established as the irreversible and eternal code, which should not be modified as long as the universe exists and as long as the sun and the moon shed light' could exist in the same edict.
- しかし、雅成親王の子息である権僧正源空(法然とは別人)、澄覚法親王は「六条宮」を名乗っていないことから、六条宮家は雅成親王単独の号であったと考えられ、現在の概念の宮家とは別の物とする意見が強い。
- However, looking at the fact that the sons of Imperial Prince Masanari, such as Gon no Sojo (highest ranking priest, next to sojo) Genku (different person from Honen) and monk-Imperial Prince Chokaku, did not announce their name as 'Rokujo no Miya,' it is more strongly believed that Rokujo no Miyake was a name only for Imperial Prince Masanari, and is different from the present notion of Miyake (house of an imperial prince).
- 平氏は華麗な「平家納経」を残したことでもわかるように、一面で貴族文化に憧れをもっていたが、代わって政権をとった源氏は純然たる武家であり、美術の主要な享受者も前時代の貴族から武士へと移っていった。
- The Taira clan adored the aristocratic culture, which is symbolized by the gorgeous Heike-nokyo, while the Minamoto clan, which replaced the Taira clan as the political power, was a genuine samurai family, so samurai gradually replaced court nobles as the major beneficiaries of art.
- この戦いの結果、大坂湾の制海権は織田方のものとなったが、依然淡路島西部の制海権は毛利水軍が握っており、淡路島以西に織田氏の勢力が及んだのは1582年に3月に来島通総が離反した一時期だけであった。
- As a result of this battle, the Oda navy gained naval supremacy of Osaka Bay, but the naval supremacy of the west area of Awaji-shima Island was still held by the Mori navy and it was just for a period of time when Michifusa KURUSHIMA seceded in March 1582 that the Oda clan took control of Awaji-shima Island and westward.
- そのため、地域一円を荘園化して山や川などの自然物をもって境界とした荘園や分散した土地を合わせて1つの荘園として扱う場合など様々な形態が存在し、中には数路にわたって多数の荘園を有する者も存在した。
- For this reason there were various types of shoens, for example, they made shoen throughout the regions, drew lines between the shoens with natural objects such as mountains, rivers, and so on, and regarded the dispersed lands as one shoen and so on and some of them possessed many shoens across the roads.
- だが、その後も天皇と良房の暗闘は続き、良房の圧力の前に在位中には内裏の外れにある東宮や嵯峨上皇の離宮だった冷然院などに居住して、遂に一度も内裏正殿を居住の間として生活を送ることはなかったという。
- However, the darkness between Emperor Montoku and Yoshifusa continued, and it is said while Emperor Montoku was in power he moved to the togu (a palace for a crown prince) located at the end of the palace, or Reizen-in where the Retired Emperor Saga's palace was located far from the palace; he never lived or spent time in the main building of the palace because Yoshifusa had put political pressure on him.
- また、不思議な事に左手の手首から先の骨がいくら探しても見つからず、増上寺にある和宮の銅像も左手は不自然に隠れている事から、彼女が生前、何らかの理由で左手を欠損していたのではないかという説がある。
- There is a mystery in that there was no bones from the left hand found, also there was a statue of Kazunomiya and her left hand is hidden in an unnatural way, there is a legend that she lost her left hand for some reason, when she was alive.
- 旧皇室典範では「即位ノ礼及大嘗祭ハ京都ニ於テ之ヲ行フ」とあり、また天皇の所在を示す高御座が京都御所に安置されていることから、天皇の東京行幸以降も京都は依然として都で、特別な機能を有する都市である。
- The city of Kyoto maintains a special function as a result of the Former Imperial House Act which stipulated that 'the Sokui no rei (enthronement ceremony) and Daijosai (first ceremonial offering of rice by newly-enthroned Emperor) be held in Kyoto' and the fact that the Takamikura (imperial throne) is housed at the Kyoto Imperial Palace, which mean that Kyoto remains a capital even after the emperor has departed for Tokyo.
- ただし、八条宮家から臣籍降下した広幡家(正親町源氏)と一条家(摂関家)から分家した醍醐家は、摂関家に次ぐ清華家に加えられて後には左大臣にまで昇進した者もおり、他の新家との待遇の差は歴然としていた。
- However, there were two families whose status was manifestly different from the other Shinke families, these being the Hirohata family (Ogimachi-Genji (Minamoto clan)) which was a part of the Hachijomiya family that had lost its membership of the Imperial family and the Daigo family (a branch family of the Ichijo family of regents): these families had the status of seiga just below the rank of regent and included members who advanced as far as sadaijin (minister of the left).
- しかし、当時銭貨を鋳造していなかった日本では貨幣経済の発達に伴い、大量の銅銭を必要とし、また「唐物」と呼ばれる陶磁器を初めとした中国の文物の需要も依然旺盛で、貿易船の必要性が減ずることはなかった。
- However the necessity for the trading vessels never faded because the development of money economy required a large quantity of copper coins in Japan, where coins were not cast in those days, and because the demands for Chinese products of culture including ceramic ware, pottery, and chinaware called 'karamono' (things imported from China) were still intense.
- まだ7歳の一条に当然皇子はなく、また一条は円融の唯一の皇子であったから、皇太子は冷泉の皇子から選ぶほかなく、兼家の娘藤原超子が産んだ冷泉の第2皇子居貞が皇太子となり、ここに両統迭立の状況が出現した。
- Ichijo was 7 years old and obviously did not have a son, and since Ichijo was Enyu's only son, the Crown Prince had to be selected from among Reizei's sons, and because Reizei's second son, Okisada, whose mother was Kaneie's daughter FUJIWARA no Choshi, a Ryoto tetsuritsu situation arose.
- 聖武天皇朝になると、神亀6年(729年)長屋王の変により政権を掌握し、藤原四兄弟藤原四子政権でも中心人物として政権を主導したが、天平9年(737年)の天然痘蔓延により他の兄弟とともに病没してしまう。
- During the era of Emperor Shomu, Fusasaki gained political power after the Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao) in 729 and controlled the political power as a pivotal figure, particularly among the political power by the four Fujiwara brothers, but he died in 737 together with other brothers due to the spread of smallpox.
- 本願寺は依然として雑賀衆などの支援を集めつつ強勢を保ったが、次第に敵中に孤立していき、1580年、ついに正親町天皇の勅命を引き出した信長に屈して石山本願寺を退去し、領主権力としての本願寺は消滅した。
- Hongan-ji Temple retained its predominance by gaining support from Saikashu, but gradually it was isolated in the midst of enemies, ultimately succumbing to Nobunaga, who withdrew imperial command from the Emperor Ogimachi and left Ishiyama Honganji Temple in 1580, whereby Hongan-ji Temple as seigniory was extinguished.
- このルールは、激しい皇位承継紛争を未然に防止して天智皇統の復活を阻止しようとした代わりに、承継候補者を限定してしまったため、却って皇統の断絶(結果的には天智皇統の復活)という結果を招くこととなった。
- Although this rule prevented severe disputes due to Imperial succession and stopped Emperor Tenji's Imperial line from returning, it in fact limited the successors of Imperial succession and caused the discontinuity of the Imperial family line. (As a result of this, Emperor Tenji's Imperial line was restored.)
- 概ね、自然の肌色より大幅に明るい色のファンデーションを塗る、ベースリッチ型と、濃い色のアイシャドーを広い範囲に塗ったり濃い色のほほ紅、口紅を塗ったりするポイントリッチ型、及び、その両方に分類される。
- As a whole, atsugesho can be classified into three types: the first is a rich-based type in which a color foundation is used that is much lighter than a natural skin color; another is a rich-pointed type in which thickly colored eye shadow is used widely around the eyes, thickly colored blush on the cheeks and lipstick; or a combination of both types.
- 古くから自然に存在する在来種ではなく、人工的に開発された品種のうちで、栽培・流通の形態変化の酒蔵が製成酒の目標とする酒質にあわせて自社交配したり、その他民間会社や教育機関が開発した酒米の品種をさす。
- This means a variety of sakamai that isn't one of the conventional varieties that existed naturally since the old times but has been artificially developed by breweries, as well as through changes in the methods of growing and distribution, in keeping with the quality of sake they aim for through their own cross-fertilization or development by educational institutions or private-sector companies.
- 川に沿って建てられた民家のうちおよそ250棟は、昔ながらの茅葺き民家で、特に北集落は茅葺き民家が多く残っており、自然景観と、茅葺き民家がうまく調和して、日本の農村の原風景とも言うべき風情を呈している。
- Among the houses along the river, approximately 250 of them have thatched roofs and many of them remain in the northern settlement, in particular; with the natural scenery and thatched houses in perfect harmony, the area retains the unspoiled landscape of farming villages in Japan.
- 勿論、文章院は公的機関である大学寮直曹であったから、大学別曹を持たない氏族出身者の寄宿舎としても当然用いられたが、管理者である菅原氏・大江氏の博士と強い関係で結ばれて一種の学閥を形成することとなった。
- It was needless to say that the Monjoin was the University Jikiso, an official institution, so that it also served as a dormitory for students from the clans which did not have a Daigaku besso of their own -- Thereby, a close relationship was developed between the students and their supervisor, hakase of the Sugawara clan or the Oe clan and the students formed a kind of academic clique.
- 父(天武天皇)の元に身を寄せたと思われる(『万葉集』から高市の正妃となったとする説もある)が、敗北した近江側の実質的な皇后として、また天皇の皇女として依然として大変複雑な辛い立場にあったことは疑いない。
- While she is thought to have put herself under the protection of her father (Emperor Tenmu) (Some say in 'Manyoshu' [the oldest anthology of tanka] she became the lawful wife of Takechi), there is no doubt that she remained in a very complicated and awkward situation as the empress in substance of defeated Omi side or as an Imperial princess of the Emperor.
- この身を石臼などですり潰し、砂糖、塩、みりん、卵白を加えて練り合わせる(本来、塩を加えて練ることで自然に粘り気が生じるのだが、後の整形をしやすくするために増粘安定剤などの食品添加物を加えることもある)。
- This fish fillet is ground with a millstone, and sugar, salt, mirin (sweet cooking rice wine) and egg white are added to it and then kneaded together (adding salt causes it to become sticky by itself, but sometimes food additives such as thickening agents are added for easier molding).
- しかしながら劇作の巧みさにより、「場面転換が多いわりには間然するところがない」優れた舞台作品であり、また内裏歌合の場面の華麗さもあって、「王朝絵巻ふうの、しかもユーモラスな味わいをもった能」と評される。
- However, it is also reviewed as 'an excellent work in which a skillful playwriting helps many scene changes to go through smoothly' and also as 'humorous and gorgeous like an imperial-court picture scroll,' because the Uta Awase at an imperial court added flamboyance to the story.
- 「今や然らず、漢魏六朝碑を合して四百種を観得るのみならず、近来敦煌市に於て発掘せられたる幾多の墨寶は実に漢碑六朝の肉筆其物にあらずや、之れを唐碑の重刻屢翻のものに比し来らば霄壤も啻ならざるの感あらん。」
- Now, the situation has become quite different; Four hundred inscriptions on monuments in the six Han-Wei dynasties can now be viewed, and in addition, many calligraphic treasures excavated recently in Dunhuang City are definitely genuine calligraphic works in the six Han-Wei dynasties themselves; When compared them with those inscriptions of monuments in Tang that were reprinted and copied many times, the difference is definitely between heaven and earth.
- 理由は頼茂が将軍に就こうと図ったためとされているが、幕府の問題のために後鳥羽上皇が朝廷の兵力を動かすのは不自然であり、頼茂が後鳥羽上皇による鎌倉調伏の加持祈祷を行っていた動きを知ったためと考えられている。
- The reason given was that Yorishige had been plotting to usurp the position of Shogun himself, but given the poor relations with the shogunate, for the retired Emperor Gotoba to send the court's military forces into action for such a reason would have been unnatural, and so it is thought that Gotoba struck because Yorishige had learned Gotoba had been carrying out incantations and prayers to curse Kamakura.
- 当時の財務記録には訴訟のために経費として役人などへの礼銭・一献料の存在が公然と計上され、また村同士のいさかいによる訴訟では村が属する荘園領主が礼銭・一献料を立て替えて後日村側に請求した記録も残されている。
- The reisen and ikkenryo were openly booked as expenses for lawsuits on the financial records at that time, and also there is a record that in the lawsuit arising from a dispute between villages, the lord of the manor where the village belonged to paid the reisen and ikkenryo for the village and charged them later.
- そもそも京都は、コイのような淡水魚を除けば新鮮な魚介類が得られにくいため、いわゆる江戸前の新鮮な魚介類が豊富に手に入る江戸で、刺身のような鮮度のよい魚介類を必要とする料理が発達するのは当然のことであった。
- It was originally the case that fresh fish was difficult to obtain in Kyoto (with the exception of freshwater fish such as carp), so it was only natural that food like sashimi, which required fresh seafood, would develop in Edo, where there was an abundant supply of fish known as 'Edomae' (the sea near Edo).
- 大宝律令に皇后になれる資格を規定した条文はないが、皇后より一段下位の妻である妃の資格が「四品以上の内親王」と規定されていることから、皇后も当然内親王でなければなれないものと観念されていたとする考え方がある。
- There are no clauses that state qualifications to become the empress in the Taiho Code but since it states that 'Kisaki,' who was one rank below the empress, needed to be 'a princess with a rank above 'Shihon,' (the fourth rank of Imperial Prince's rank) by definition, people were resigned to think that the empress had to be a princess.
- 大都市近郊にあって都市的な利便性を有しながら、保津峡等の豊かな自然を併せつつ、さらに出雲大神宮、丹波亀山城(大本本部)等といった歴史的な観光資源があるものの、湯の花温泉_(京都府)を除けば宿泊施設が少ない。
- Kameoka City in the suburbs of the major metropolitan areas enjoys urban convenience, while the city itself is surrounded by nature, such as Hozu-kyo Gorge for example; the city also possesses many historic resources which attract tourism such as the Izumo-Daijingu Shrine and Tanba Kameyama-jo Castle (spiritual center of Omoto), however, except for the Yunohana-onsen Hot Spring, little accommodation is available for tourists.
- これは、結局、当時の国力の差は歴然としており、この状況下、この(日本側としては)無念極まりない要求も受け入れざる得なかったものとされるが、捕縛ではなく発砲による殺傷を目的とした野蛮な対応に外国は震撼せしめた。
- This incident ended up in the matter of the involved countries' power and footing at that time, and with the outstanding power of France, Japan had no choice but to accept the unconditional requests, but at the same time, it was true that Japan's primitive action using a gun instead of a rope frightened off foreign countries.
- 同年4月以後内裏の修理を理由として天皇が当時恒貞親王が居住していた冷然院内に滞在しており、天皇の警護を名目として院内に滞在していた天皇側の兵が、いつでも皇太子を囲むことが出来る状況下にあったことも挙げられる。
- Furthermore, the emperor's stay from May, 842 within a lot of Reizei-in Palace, where the Imperial Prince Tsunesada was living at that time, by reason of the Imperial Palace's repair also supports the theory, because troops serving the emperor that had been staying in the residence on the pretext of the emperor's guard were ready to besiege the crown prince.
- この地で見つけることができる菫青石という鉱物が熱水変質を起こし雲母化した天然記念物の鉱石桜石の霊力によって封じられた鬼の涙が湧いたものが湯の花温泉であり、桜石が転じて節分の豆撒きの風習となったという伝承がある。
- Yunohana-onsen is said to be a hot spring made from the tears of an Oni which were closed by a numen of Cherry Stone, natural treasure, which was transformed into mica due to hydrothermal alteration of mineral called cordierite which was found here, and it is said that the custom to throw beans during Setsubun (Bean Throwing Night) was developed from the Cherry Stone.
- しかし、原因不明の難病ならばまだしも、刺された事が明らかな状況でわざわざ外部の医者を呼ぶ事は不自然であるなど、その内容が毒殺説に比して荒唐無稽ということで、歴史研究者の間ではほとんど取るに足らないものとされた。
- However it was understandable if the Emperor had an incurable disease with an unknown cause, it was not natural to call a doctor from outside if the Emperor was apparently stabbed, so this theory was not seriously considered to be true among historians since it was very unrealistic compared to the theory of the Emperor being killed by poison.
- ガイド事業をシステマチックに継続して行うには、組織として統率が取れ、構成メンバーも絶えず学習を続けるという仕組み(程度の差こそあれ民間企業には当然存在する)がビルトインされていることが望ましいのではなかろうか。
- In order for guide operations to be continued in a systematic manner, it is desirable to have a built-in mechanism (that would be similar to a public company with the exception of certain differences) which provides leadership as well as encouraging the continuous study of members.
- 下二段活用・上二段活用の連体形・已然形において、-uru・-ureの語尾が-eru・-ere、-iru・-ireの形になってそれぞれ下一段、上一段と同じような活用形になる史的変化のことを二段活用の一段化という。
- A historical change in which, as to the attributive and classical imperfective forms of upper and lower bigraded conjugations, the ending '-uru,' '-ure' became '-iru,' '-ire'respectively and finally developed into inflected forms similar to those of upper and lower bigraded conjugations is called a change of two-tier conjugation verbs into one-tier.
- 生年については『水鏡』・『一代要記』の年齢記事によれば天平宝字5年となるが、この場合母親の井上内親王が45歳の時の子となってしまい年齢が不自然であるとして、正しい生年を天平勝宝3年(751年)とする歴史学者が多い。
- As for his year of birth, 'Mizu Kagami (The Water Mirror)' and 'Ichidai Yoki' (summary chronicle of each reign) reported that he was born in 761, but in this case, Imperial Princess Inoe gave birth to him when she was 45 years old, this is questionable, so that many historians believe that the correct year of birth is 751.
- 学術的な視点からは、旧民法が自然法思想に立脚していたことに対して、法の歴史性・民族性を強調した歴史法学からの批判、内容的なものとしては、日本古来の家族制度を始めとする日本の伝統・習慣にそぐわないという批判があった。
- From an academic viewpoint the fact that the Old Civil Code was based on the thought of natural law, there arose criticisms from historical jurisprudence emphasizing a historical and racial nature of law, which included criticisms that the content of the Code would not fit Japanese tradition and customs including Japanese traditional family system.
- 涼をとる(あおぐ、ひやす)、子どもに風をおくる(自然の風、愛情の風)、乾かす(濡れたもの、傷などの乾燥)、飛ばす(風を送りものを飛ばす)、炊事・起火(風をおくる)、料理など冷ます(あおぐ、さます)、塵を掃う(防塵)
- Using Uchiwa fan, people can cool themselves by fanning it, send a wind to their children (wind includes natural wind and spiritual wind), dry something wet (including damp wound and others), drive away something, make a fire, cool dishes and dust off.
- 麹菌のアフラトキシン生合成能は、天然の麹菌から良質の麹菌株を得た時、もとからアフラトキシン生合成能を持たない株を選抜したか、数百年にわたる選抜および育種の結果、アフラトキシン生産能が欠けてしまったものと考えられる。
- It was because strains that didn't have aflatoxin biosynthesis function were chosen when high-quality Aspergillus oryzae strains were gained from natural Aspergillus oryzae, or aflatoxin biosynthesis function was assumed to be lost resulting from selection and breeding over hundreds years.
- 江戸時代の人海戦術と社会制度による資源還元にまでは、至っていないが、「もったいない」や「里山・鎮守の森」のように、九十九神や妖怪は自然保護を含めたものとして、日本はもとより世界に発信されるべき観念や価値観ともいえる。
- Although the level of recycling of resources does not reach the level of the Edo period, when the bakufu encouraged recycling through human-wave tactics and the social system, Tsukumogami or apparitions are the notion or the sense of values of nature conservation which Japan should send to the world, as with 'mottainai' (wasteful) and 'satoyama/chinju no mori' (outskirts of country/sacred shrine forest).
- 日本酒アルコール添加を採用している製法の場合は、酵母が自然に分解能力を出し切って衰滅するまえに、人為的にアルコールを外部から添加して酵母を死滅させてしまうので、完全醗酵しないうちに醗酵作用は止まり、不完全醗酵となる。
- In case of adding alcohol in producing sake, before the yeast cells have consumed their decomposing capability and died away, they are likely to be killed by externally added alcohol, and so the fermentation activity stops before completion, resulting in the incomplete fermentation.
- 日本酒における健全醗酵(けんぜんはっこう)とは、製法上の概念の一つで、人為的もしくは非人為的に並行複醗酵が阻害されることなく、ほんらいの清酒酵母が自然に持っている力が十全に活かされてのびのびと醗酵を遂げることをいう。
- The natural fermentation is one of notions in Japanese sake production and means that, without artificial or non-artificial inhibition of simultaneous plural fermentation, the power which original sake yeast has by itself is fully utilized to complete fermentation without any inhibition.
- 突然の出家について、『栄花物語』『大鏡』などは寵愛した女御藤原忯子が妊娠中に死亡したことを素因とするが、『大鏡』では更に、藤原兼家が、外孫の懐仁(やすひと)親王(一条天皇)を即位させる為に陰謀を巡らした事を伝えている。
- According to 'Eiga Monogatari (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes)' and 'Okagami (The Great Mirror),' the reason the Emperor became a priest was that his favorite high-ranking lady in the court (a wife of an Emperor), FUJIWARA no Shishi had died while pregnant, and there is a further record in 'Okagami (The Great Mirror)' that FUJIWARA no Kaneie plotted to let his daughter's grandchild, Prince Yasuhito (Emperor Ichijo), succeed the throne.
- 兵力の差は歴然で、少弐貞経が足利軍のために調達した装備は菊池軍の大宰府攻撃の際に焼失していたため、当初は宮方の菊池軍が優勢であったが、菊池軍に大量の裏切りが出たため戦況は逆転し、菊池軍は総崩れで敗走し、阿蘇惟直は戦死する。
- At first Kikuchi's forces on the Imperial side were superior because the Ashikaga forces were greatly outnumbered and the military equipment obtained by Sadatsune SHONI was destroyed by fire during the attack of Dazaifu; the situation, however, was reversed due to betrayal by many warriors in Kikuchi's forces: leading Kikuchi's forces to collapse and flee, and in the meantime, Korenao ASO died in battle.
- 「祇園精舎の鐘の声」ではじまる軍記物語『平家物語』、吉田兼好の随筆『徒然草』、「ゆく河の流れは絶えずして、しかも、もとの水にあらず」ではじまる鴨長明の『方丈記』など、仏教的無常観をぬきに日本の中世文学を語ることはできない。
- Medieval Japanese Classic Literature such as the 'Tale of Heike' that begins with 'the voice of bells of Jetavana Vihara,' 'Tsurezure gusa' (Essays in Idleness) written by Kenko YOSHIDA, 'Hojoki' (An Account of My Hut) of KAMO no Chomei that begins with 'no water is present when the flowing river stops running,' cannot be told without the Mujo view of Buddhism.
- 施行を翌年に控えた1892年(明治25年)、法典論争はピークに達し、施行延期派は天皇制に絡めて日本の伝統を基にした論陣をはり個人主義的な施行断行派を批判し、施行断行派はフランス法的自然法思想と市民法理論をもって反論を加えた。
- In 1892, one year before the effectuation, the dispute over legal codes reached its peak: Seko-danko-ha Group, taking a firm stand on Japanese tradition related to the Emperor system, criticized individualistic Seko-enki-ha Group, while Seko-danko-ha Group put up an argument with the thought of French law-like natural law and the civil code theory.
- 大津事件(おおつじけん)は、1891年(明治24年)5月11日に日本を訪問中のロシア帝国の皇太子・ニコライ(後のニコライ2世)が、滋賀県大津市で警備にあたっていた巡査・津田三蔵に突然斬りかかられ負傷した、暗殺未遂事件である。
- The Otsu Incident was a failed assassination attempt occurred on May 11, 1891, that the Crown Prince of the Russian Empire, Nicholas (later Tsar Nicholas II) was attacked in Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture, by a patrol officer, Sanzo TSUDA, who guarded Nicholas during his visit to Japan.
- 上述のように、文化財保護法第2条第1項第4号では、「記念物」に遺跡、庭園、自然的景観(名勝地)、貴重な生物および地質鉱物を含めており、同法の第7章(第109条-第133条)「史跡名勝天然記念物」に、その取り扱いを定めている。
- As mentioned above, according to Article 2, Paragraph 1, Item (4) of the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties, ruins, gardens, natural landscapes (places of scenic beauty), and valuable living organisms, geographical features and minerals are included in the scope of 'monuments' and Chapter VII (Articles 109-133) of the Law stipulates protection and management of 'historic sites and places of scenic beauty as natural monuments.'
- 奈良県教育委員会による調査報告には、近世以前のルートの指摘や、文化的景観の観点からの自然誌・考古・歴史・景観に関する報告、民俗・文化財、さらに調査・研究史の概観や古文書・史料の解題といった、重要な調査・研究の成果を含んでいる。
- The reports by Nara Prefectural Board of Education listed the older routes before the early-modern period and reported the information linked to the conservation of cultural scenery including the information of natural history, archaeology, history and sceneries, in addition, it gave the results of the important investigations and studies such as summaries of the history of the investigations and studies, and bibliographies of the old documents and historical materials.
- 市街地周辺のガスは、由良川とその支流である土師川より西は市の公営企業(福知山市ガス水道部)、以東の長田野工業団地周辺は株式会社長田野ガスセンターが供給する天然ガス(一部区域は公営企業によるプロパンガス)による都市ガスとなっている。
- Gas supplied to urban areas is natural gas supplied to areas west of the Yura-gawa River and its tributary, Haze-gawa River, by the public company of the city (Fukuchiyama City & Gas Department Business Division), and to areas around the Osadano Industrial Park to the east of such rivers by Osadano Gas Center (or by propane gas which is supplied to some district in this area by a public company).
- 会話文から地の文への移りやその逆の場面、あるいはその他大勢的な多人数の会話においては、だれの視点から語られているのか判然としない語りが存在したり、気づかない間に語りの担い手が入れ替わったりするが、それが聴衆には不自然に聞こえない。
- When a conversational part precedes a descriptive part in the story, and vice versa, or when conversations take place among many minor characters, it is unclear sometimes as to which character is speaking, and the storyteller may change character without being noticed, but this does not sound unnatural to the audience.
- 南禅寺の南禅寺伽藍の屋上、天下をねらう大盗賊石川五右衛門は煙管を吹かして、「絶景かな、絶景かな、春の宵は値千両とは、小せえ、小せえ、この五右衛門の目からは、値万両、万々両」という名台詞を吐き、夕暮れ時の満開の桜を悠然と眺めている。
- On a spring evening, on the rooftop of Nanzen-ji Temple, Goemon ISHIKAWA, a legendary bandit with designs on all the treasure of Japan, is composedly smoking with a pipe and viewing the cherry trees which are in full bloom, and says his famous line: 'What a superb view, what a superb view; that man, saying that a moment of a spring evening is worth one thousand ryo (monetary unit), was a person of really small, small caliber; for this moment, I would spend ten thousand ryo, hundred million ryo' ('a moment of a spring evening' refers to the famous phrase of a Chinese poem '春夜Chunye' by 蘇軾Su Shi; in the original, it is 'one thousand gold' 春宵一刻値千金).
- 伏見宮家は、貞常親王以来連綿として皇位継承権を保持してきており、それは当然、そこから派生した各宮家にも及んでいるものであるが、伏見宮家が保持した皇位継承権は、単に本家との血縁の近さに基づくものではないことには留意しなければならない。
- The Fushiminomiya family succeeded to the throne from generation to generation since Imperial Prince Sadatsune and of course this influenced their branch families however, it must be noted that the Fushiminomiya family's right to succeed the throne was not just due to the fact they had a close blood line to the main family.
- また中国との交易に精通していたハリスは日本の一両も中国と同様に銀一両(テール/37.3グラム)と考え、1ドル銀貨は約3/4テールの量目に相当し一分銀の量目が偶然にも約1/4テールであったことも1ドル=3分の根拠としての口実となった。
- HARRIS, familiar with the trade with China, considered 1 ryo in Japan to be 1 ryo (tael; 37.3g) of silver just as 1 ryo in China, and drew his conclusion also from the fact that a one-dollar silver coin weighed about three fourths of a tael and an ichibu-gin silver coin happened to weigh about one fourth of a tael.
- 日中戦争の端緒となった盧溝橋事件において「なぜ日本が中国の領域深くまで当然のように兵を置いていたのか」という疑問を聞くことがあるが、これは日本からすれば北京議定書に基づく権利の行使により、日本を含む8ヶ国の列強が各地に駐兵していた。
- In the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, which triggered the Sino-Japanese war, a question 'why Japan stationed a troop for granted in such a deep place of China' is sometimes heard: That was only because Japan used its rights based on the Peking Protocol in the same way other seven Powers posted troops in various places.
- 1874年9月に開始された交渉は一旦は実務レベルの関係を回復して然るべき後に正式な国交を回復する交渉を行うという基本方針の合意が成立(「九月協定」)して、一旦両国政府からの方針の了承を得た後で細部の交渉をまとめるというものであった。
- The negotiation started in September 1874, once reached an agreement ('September Agreement') on the basic policy that restores practical level relationship and have an official negotiation to restore the diplomatic relation after a reasonable period of time, and then, finalize the details after gained approval from both governments on the policy.
- 先割れスプーンは、多様化した給食のおかずを必ずしも突き刺して口に運ぶことができず、また汁物は先端の切れ目からこぼれ、麺類は絡めて口元に運べないことから、必然的に食器に盛られた料理に顔を突っ込まんばかりに近づけて食べるしかなくなった。
- Since students were not always able to stick diversified accompanying dishes of school lunch and bring them closer to their mouths with spork, and in addition, they spilled soup dishes from its fork-like tip and were not able to pick up noodles and bring them closer to their mouths, therefore, they had no other choice but inevitably to eat dishes as if they put their heads into the food.
- 加えて本能寺の変直後、光秀が紀州雑賀衆・土橋重治へ送った書状に「上意馳走申しつけられて示し給い、快然に候」と、光秀より身分の高い者からの命令を指す「上意」という言葉を使っていることを挙げ、光秀の背後に足利義昭が存在したと主張している。
- In addition, Mitsuhide sent a letter to Shigeharu TSUCHIBASHI, who was a member of the Saigashu (a powerful local clan in Saiga, Kishu), saying, 'A joi (order from a superior to a subordinate) has been issued requesting that you provide service, which is a great honor', and Fujita pointed out that as the word 'joi' was used, the order must be from someone with a higher status than Mitsuhide.
- その性質上当然に施行されるべき法律は別として、朝鮮統治のために設置された朝鮮総督府の長たる朝鮮総督が発する命令(制令)という形で立法権を委任するほか、内地に施行される法律につき勅令で朝鮮にも施行することができるようにする方針を採った。
- With the exception of the laws that should be enforced in Korea for its nature, the government delegated the legislative power to the governor-general of Chosen Sotokufu, which was founded for the administration of Korea, by granting authority to issue orders (laws) and also allowed the laws enforced in the inland to be enforced in Korea with imperial edicts.
- ところが支那学形成の中心が京都帝国大学であった事からこれに反発する東京大学関係者や古来日本が文明を取り入れた中国と当時の列強による半植民地状態の中国を意図的に分離を図る国粋主義者の中には依然として「漢学」という呼称を用いる者があった。
- However, because Chinology had been developed mainly in Kyoto Imperial University, the term 'kangaku' was still used by members of the University of Tokyo who were opposed to Kyoto Imperial University and ultranationalists who were trying to establish a distinction between the China from which ancient Japan had imported its civilization and the China of that time, which had been almost entirely colonized by more powerful countries.
- また『百器徒然袋』の妖怪は、室町時代の妖怪絵巻『百鬼夜行絵巻』をモチーフとして描かれたものが多いが、この経凛々についても同様、『百鬼夜行絵巻』の中にある、くちばしの長い鳥状の妖怪が経文を頭に巻いている姿にデザイン上の共通点が見られる。
- Many yokais in the 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' were drawn borrowing motifs from 'Hyakki yagyo emaki' ('Night Parade of One Hundred Demons' picture scroll) of the Muromachi period, and the Kyo rin rin also share the common features in terms of a design of a bird monster having a long beak and Buddhist sutra scrolls tied up on the head, with a yokai in the 'Hyakki yagyo emaki.'
- 後伏見の政務が停止され、光厳が廃位されたのは当然であるが、後醍醐はそもそも元徳3年に自分が廃位された事実自体を認めず、隠岐に流されていた間も自分はずっと天皇に在位していたという立場をとり、従って光厳の即位と在位も“なかったこと”にされた。
- It was natural that government affairs by Gofushimi were terminated and Kogon was deposed, but Godaigo did not even recognize that he was deposed in 1331, and took the stance that he was ruling during the whole time he was exiled in Oki, so therefore there was 'no accession nor rule' of Kogon.
- また法律の成立においても懸け物の的場(景品交換式遊技場)が基本にあるので、「遊技」と言う言葉が「遊戯」ではないのは、弓矢は技術が伴う事に由来し、法律の根拠としても偶然性のみのくじ引きである、「富くじ(宝くじ)」との区別の根拠となっている。
- In compliance with the law, the gambling is for prizes rather than money and, since 'yugi' (the games) are based on archery, which is a skill, they are written with the characters for 'play' and 'skill' rather than the usual 'play' and 'fun' and classified differently from the 'tomikuji,' which is a lottery based on pure chance.
- 当初は学生が東西いずれの曹に属するかという規定は定まっていなかったが、文章生が文章得業生となり対策を受ける際には所属する曹とは反対の曹の文章博士から出題を受けることとなっていたため、当然その頃にはいずれかの曹に属していなければならなかった。
- Although it was not defined which of the toso and seiso the students were to belong at the beginning, when monjosho became Monjo tokugosho (Distinguished Scholars of Letters) and took taisaku (civil service examination), it was decided that the Monjo hakase of the so other than that the monjosho belonged to set the examination, which meant that the monjosho had to belong to either the toso or the seiso by that time.
- しかし貞享3年(1686年)における米や酒の価格が詳しく分析されていることから、それより後であることは確かであり、かつまた、同年が米作という面でそれほど特殊な年であったとも思われないので、はるか後代になってから書かれるにしては必然性がない。
- However, due to the detailed analysis of the prices of rice and sake in 1686, it is certain that it was written after 1686 and also because the year was probably not particular for rice cropping, it is not logical that it was written long after the year.
- かれはドイツ帝国に留学したが、ドイツには「文化記念物」(クルトゥール・デンクマール de:Kulturdenkmal)と「自然記念物」(ナトゥール・デンクマール de:Naturdenkmal)の分類があり、このうちの後者の概念を輸入した。
- He studied in the German Empire, which had categories of 'de: Kulturdenkmal' (Cultural Monument) and 'de: Naturdenkmal' (Natural Monument), and he took in the concept of the latter category.
- 治承・寿永の乱の過程で、鎌倉を本拠に源頼朝を棟梁として東国武士を中心に樹立された鎌倉幕府では、東国を中心に諸国に守護、地頭を設置し、警察権を掌握していたが、西国は支配しきっておらず依然として朝廷の力は強く、幕府と朝廷の二頭政治の状態にあった。
- Given the tumultuous history of the disturbances in the Jijo and Juei eras, the Kamakura bakufu--made up primarily of samurais from the eastern provinces, having its stronghold in Kamakura, and having Minamoto no Yoritomo as its leader--exerted control over assignments of provincial governors and estate stewards in several provinces, mainly in the east, and held the power to police those domains; in the west, however, they had no real control, whereas the Imperial Court's power in the West remained considerable, and thus the shogunate and the Court were stuck as joint rulers of Japan.
- さらに宗教(神道・仏教・民間信仰)や「道」という概念と渾然一体となって武芸の残心という所作や神事としての縁起などの価値観や心、若しくは占いや神事と遊興が結びついてハレや射幸心(射倖心)といった価値観や心の一端を形成し、日本の文化を担っている。
- It was also related with religion (Shinto, Buddhism, and folk beliefs) and the idea of 'michi' (way), forms a part of the concept of value and heart in the way of military arts such as zan-shin and the engi (writing about history) as in Shinto rituals or in the concept of values and hearts such as hare (noticeably cheerful and formal situations or such places) or shako-shin by a mixture of fortune telling or Shinto rituals and pleasure, and consists of Japanese culture.
- 近代的な空調設備を用いず、その土地の自然な冬の寒さを利用して仕込む寒造り(寒仕込み)は、いまなおあちこちで伝承もしくは復活されているわけであるが、そうした製法によって生産された酒を、現在わざわざ「寒酒」と呼ぶことはほとんどなくなってしまった。
- Kanzukuri (Kanjikomi) that uses an area's naturally low winter temperature without incorporating modern ventilation systems, has been handed down or revived in various areas, but sake made with such methods is rarely called 'kanshu' nowadays.
- 気候や土壌を初めとした、それぞれの地方の自然条件を生かすように開発された「酒米地方自治体開発の酒米」を原料として日本酒を醸造するときに、もっとも清酒酵母としての力が発揮されるように、開発の段階から想定もしくは理想としている場合がほとんどである。
- In most cases, sake yeasts are designed to make the best of them from their development phase, taking into account the sake brewing using 'sakamai (rice for brewing sake) developed by each local municipality in sakamai producing areas,' taking advantage of local natural conditions including climate and soil.
- 大山らが登場させて後は専ら国歌として知られるようになった『君が代』だが、それまでの賀歌としての位置付けや、天皇が「國ノ元首ニシテ統治権ヲ総攬」していた(大日本帝国憲法による)という時代背景から、戦前にはごく自然な国家平安の歌として親しまれていた。
- Although 'Kimigayo' became to be known mainly as the national anthem after having been made to appear by Oyama and so on, it was liked before the War as a very natural song for cerebrating peace of the nation because of its position as gaka in the past and historical background that the emperor 'was the head of state and had a ruling power' (the Constitution of the Empire of Japan).
- また、当時天皇に複数の皇子がいる場合、複数の親王の生活を支える財政的ゆとりが無い事や臣籍降下をさせるだけの公家官位の余裕が無い事から、皇位継承者以外の皇子は全て幼くして出家を強要せざるを得ない(当然ながら出家した皇子には子孫が存在しない事になる。
- In those days, the Emperor with many Princes and Princesses had to allow them to enter into the priesthood while they were young, except for the candidate Prince who will succeed to the throne, this was because the Emperor could not afford to financially support the Princes and Princesses, or the court officials could not afford to have them be demoted from nobility to subject, (It is needless to say that the Princes who went into the priesthood would not have any children.
- 政治的な対立もさることながら、天皇と安積親王に何かがあった場合には天皇の叔母・吉備内親王の生んだ男子(当然、長屋王の息子でもある)である膳夫王ら三王が男系皇族での皇位継承の最有力者となる筈であったことも「長屋王排除」の理由として注目すべき点である。
- Apart from the political confrontation, one of the reasons noteworthy for the 'exclusion of Prince Nagaya' was that the three princes, including Kashiwade no Okimi, who were given birth by Imperial Princess Kibi, an aunt of the emperor, (and of course the sons of Prince Nagaya) would have been the most promising successors to the Imperial Throne if something happened to the emperor and Prince Asaka.
- 当時使われない文法や不自然な敬語の使い方など内容に疑問があるため後世の改ざん・偽作とする見方もあるが、増田長盛・長束正家等が家康に送った書状や『鹿苑日録』の記録から、承兌が受け取った兼続の返書が存在し、それにより家康が激怒したことは確かのようである。
- Though, in later years, it is acknowledged that they were falsified and forged due to the questionable content such as grammar that was not used in those days and unnatural use of honorific expressions, it is possible that Kanetsugu's reply received by Jotai really existed and Ieyasu was outraged by that based on the letter sent from Nagamori MASHITA, Masaie NAGATSUKA, and others to Ieyasu and the record of 'Rokuon-nichiroku Diary'.
- 定まった形式を持たず、口頭で宣べ伝えられたものだろうとするのが通説だが、律令と並べて遜色ない堂々たる形式を備えた法だとする説、天皇から次の天皇へ秘密に伝えられたとする説、解釈によってどうとでもとれるような漠然とした規定だったのではないかとする説もある。
- According to the popular theories, it had no established form and it seems to have been transferred verbally, however, there are such theories that advocate: i) it was equipped with a refined form comparable to Ritsuryo, ii) it was handed down from one emperor to another in a confidential manor, and iii) it might have been a vague norm that permitted a wide range of interpretation.
- しかし国司請負制により権限が強化された国司は、自領のように扱いはじめた国衙領を増やすため、天皇の代替わりに際して「新政」として発布された荘園整理令を根拠とし依然として収公を進めることが多く、領家の権威だけでは荘園の所有が維持できないケースが多く見られた。
- Meanwhile, being granted a more powerful authority due to the contract system of kokushi (provincial governors), kokushi often executed confiscation on grounds of the Manor Regulation Act issued as a 'new policy' when the Emperor changed in order to increase kokugaryo (territories governed by the provincial government office) as their own territories; therefore, there were many cases that the authority of ryoke was insufficient to maintain Shoen ownership.
- しかし、発掘される遺跡の増加に伴い当然のことながら青銅器の出土例も増え、「銅鐸文化圏」の地域で銅矛や銅剣が、「銅矛文化圏」内で銅鐸が出土するといったこと(特に有名な例が吉野ヶ里での出土)が多くなり、この仮説は成り立たなくなり次第に論じられる事は少なくなった。
- However, the more cases of excavation of bronze wares there were naturally along with increased excavations of ruins, the more situations where dohoko and doken were found in 'the dotaku cultural area' and where dotaku were discovered in 'the dohoko cultural area' (well-known example: the Yoshinogari Ruins) there were, which proved the hypothesis was not true as it was less and less often discussed.
- 城郭や藩庁などを中心に栄えた城下町や陣屋町、宿場中心に形成された宿場町、寺社を中心に形成された門前町などと決定的に違うのは、町の中心となる施設(城郭・大きな宿場・有力寺社など)がないことで、前述の町等まで距離がある農村部において自然発生的にできたものである。
- Zaigomachi was different from Jokamachi (castle town) or Jinyamachi (town around the feudal lord's residence) which prospered around the castle or the hancho (feudal lord's office/residence), Shukubamachi (post station town) which was formed around shukuba (post station), or Monzenmachi (temple town) formed around a temple or a shrine and did not have any landmark featuring the town (castle, big post station, large temple or shrine, or the like) and it spontaneously developed in farming villages a distance from the aforementioned machi (towns).
- 地域の事情により古くから大工と言う職業が多数存在する地域もあったが、自治単位の人口の少ないところでは、十分の付き合い(相互扶助のこと村八分と言う言葉で知られる)の一つとして建前(上棟)には人手がいるためお互い様として地域住民が積極的に手伝う事が当然であった。
- In some communities there were traditionally many carpenters, while in other communities with smaller populations, it was natural that the residents would be proactive in supporting each other when building the framework of a house (framework raising) which is very labor intensive, and due to the social obligation called jubu-no-tsukiai (adequate relationship) those who did not cooperate may be ostracized or become 'murahachibu.'
- そのため、時期によって差異はあるものの、その性質上当然に施行されるべき法律は別として、台湾統治のために設置された台湾総督府の長たる台湾総督が発する命令 (法律)(律令)という形で立法権を委任する(委任が包括的であったため、憲法違反ではないかという議論が起きた。
- Therefore, although some variations were observed depending on the period, the government delegated the legislative power to the governor-general of Taiwan Sotokufu, which was founded for the administration of Taiwan, by granting authority to issue orders (laws or ordinances) with the exception of the laws that should be enforced in Taiwan for its nature (The delegation was comprehensive, so some people argued that it might be against the Constitution).
- 石橋の名を地名に由来するのもだとすると、『姓氏家系大辞典』等では、下野国石橋が和義の名字のもととなったと想定しているが、鎌倉期の足利家領三河国設楽郡内にも石橋の地名があるし、京都市中にも石橋の地名があり、全国各地に石の橋に因んで存在し、未だに由来が判然としない。
- Assuming that the name Ishibashi is derived from the name of a place, some writings including 'Seishi Kakei Daijiten' (a large dictionary of Japanese surnames) state that Kazuyoshi (or Masayoshi) Ishibashi adopted his surname from a place called Ishibashi, Shimotsuke Province, but the origin of the name Ishibashi is unclear because there are many places called Ishibashi; in addition to Ishibashi in Shitara County in Mikawa Province, the Ashikaga clan's territory in the Kamakura period, or another Ishibashi in Kyoto, there are the places which were named after a stone bridge (Ishibashi literally means 'Stone Bridge') throughout Japan.
- その起源は、自然崇拝である古神道にまで遡り、日本神話の海幸彦と山幸彦にあるように釣針(古くは銛も釣針も一つの概念であった)や弓矢は、幸(さち)といい神に供物(海の幸山の幸)を「奉げる」神聖な漁り(いさり)・狩り(かり)の得物(えもの・道具や神聖な武器)であった。
- Its origin goes back to the Ancient Shinto worshipping the nature, and as described in Umisachihiko and Yamasachihiko of the Japanese Mythology, fish hooks (grains and fish hooks were categorized in the same concept in ancient times), bow and arrows were called Sachi which referred to sacred things obtained by fishing and hunting (catches, tools and sacred weapons) 'offered' to a deity as altarage (seafood and mountain vegetables).
- 織部や遠州の茶や庭園は利休のそれに比べると作意が強いといわれ、利休が作意をも自然らしさの中に含みこもうとしたのに対し、織部の鑑賞を重視した茶庭には、作意が表面に押し出され、飛石や畳石を打つときは大ぶりなもの、自然にあまり見られない異風なものを探し求めたとされる。
- It is said that the creativity was stronger in tea and garden of Oribe and Enshu than in those of Rikyu, who tried to incorporate even his intention in naturalness, while Oribe's intention was pushed out on the surface in view-emphasized Chatei, where large steppingstones and Tatamiishi stone (tatami rocks) were put, but something unusual custom in the nature was sought.
- 8代将軍・足利義政は芸術や建築に関しては優れた才覚の持ち主であったものの、政治的関心には乏しく、自然と政治は将軍の正室・日野富子や将軍側近、有力大名らによる権力抗争の場と化し、関東で鎌倉公方の復活を巡って生じた享徳の乱が発生しても、十分な対策を打とうとはしなかった。
- The eighth Shogun, Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, while exceptionally gifted in the arts and in architectural design, had little interest in politics, so it naturally fell to his lawful wife Tomiko HINO, his inner circle of advisors, and the most powerful daimyo to rule and to solve disputes over authority; and upon the outbreak of the Kyotoku Rebellion, in which some sought to revive the fortunes of the Kubo of Kamakura, they failed to respond with sufficient force.
- この計画は「花粉の少ない森づくり」というプロジェクト名で、自然保護活動家として知られる作家のC.W.ニコル氏らが代表発起人となり、多摩地域のスギ林の伐採および花粉の少ない品種のスギや広葉樹への植え替えなどを50年計画で行い、今後10年間で花粉の量を2割削減するという。
- The project, which is named 'Kafun no Sukunai Morizukuri' (lit. The Creation of Low-Pollen Forests) and has conservationist and author C. W. NICOL serving as representative promoter, aims to fell Japanese cedar forests in the Tama area and transplant them with low-pollen Japanese cedar cultivars and broadleaf trees over a 50 year period as well as reduce pollen levels by 20% over the next 10 years.
- 和宮と家茂の間に子はなく、家茂は田安慶頼の子亀之助(のちの徳川家達)に相続させることを表明していたが、家茂薨去後、和宮は「唯今の時勢、幼齢の亀之助にては如何あるべき、確かなる後見の人なくては協(かな)はざることなれば、然るべき人体を天下の為に選ぶべし」と語ったという。
- They did not have any children, Iemochi announced to let Yoshiyori TAYASU's son, Kamenosuke (later called Iesato TOKUGAWA) succeed to his position, however after Iemochi died, it was said that Kazunomiya mentioned, 'In this time, the young Kamenosuke may not be good enough as a successor, since there is no one to supervise Kamenosuke, we need to choose someone appropriate for the country.'
- (藤原良房の権力掌握開始が家父長的権力を有した嵯峨上皇の崩御に始まり、宇多法皇が家父長として背後にあった醍醐天皇の時代に一時摂関政治が停滞し、久しく絶えていた家父長的な上皇の復活である白河上皇が摂関政治に代わる院政を開始した事は偶然では決して片付けられないものである)。
- (It was far from a coincidence that the death of the Retired Emperor Saga, who had patriarchal authority, was the start of FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa's taking over power, and that the regency stagnated for a while in the reign of Emperor Daigo, when the Cloistered Emperor Uda was supporting him as a patriarch, and also that the Retired Emperor Shirakawa, in a revival of the patriarchal retired emperor that had disappeared for a long time, started cloistered government in place of the regency.)
- この中では、箸による食事を見直す動きもみられ、またランチプレートが耐熱性のある合成樹脂(メラミン樹脂やポリカーボネートなど)で、保護者の間に内分泌攪乱化学物質に対する漠然とした不安が広まるにつれ使用しないよう求められるなどしていったため、次第にこの問題は終息していった。
- In this situation, there was a move to reconsider using chopsticks at meal, while parents asked for stop using the lunch plates, because free-floating anxiety that heat-resistant plastic (melamine resin or polycarbonate) lunch plates might produce endocrine disrupting chemicals spread among parents, therefore, this problem gradually came to an end.
- これに対し、満仲の嫡流である頼光・頼国が所領を有さなかったとは考え難く、またこの時代は摂関政治の確立により武力を要する政変などが無くなっていたことなども踏まえ、多田庄の経営は一族や郎党の者に任せ自身は在京したものであるとの考察もなされているが、現時点では判然としていない。
- On the other hand, it is difficult to imagine that Yorimitsu and Yorikuni, the main line of Mitsunaka, did not inherit Mitsunaka's property while there were no conflicts needing military forces as the regency was established, so it is considered that Yorikuni and Yorimitsu left the management of Tada Manors to their families or retainers and stayed at the capital, but it is still controversial.
- 祖の武智麻呂は藤原北家の藤原房前とともに、元正天皇朝~聖武天皇朝にかけて長屋王と政権を争ったが、神亀6年(729年)長屋王の変により政権を掌握し、藤原四兄弟たちと共に聖武朝で政権を主導した(藤原四子政権)が、天平9年(737年)の天然痘蔓延により他の兄弟とともに病没してしまう。
- Thereafter, in the period of the Emperor Kanmu, FUJIWARA no Tsugutada, the son of Toyonari who was Muchimaro's eldest son, and FUJIWARA no Korekimi, the son of FUJIWARA no Otomaro who was Muchimaro's third son, successively became minister of the right, whereby the power of Nanke was maintained.Thereafter, in the period of the Emperor Kanmu, FUJIWARA no Tsugutada, the son of Toyonari who was Muchimaro's eldest son, and FUJIWARA no Korekimi, the son of FUJIWARA no Otomaro who was Muchimaro's third son, successively became minister of the right, whereby the power of the Southern House of the Fujiwara clan was maintained.
- だが、依然として超然主義を奉じる貴族院_(日本)最大会派の研究会_(貴族院)は伊藤の入党要請を拒絶する会派決議を行ったばかりでなく、1901年北清事変の軍費捻出のための増税案を他の5会派(茶話会・朝日倶楽部・庚子会・木曜会・無所属団)を糾合して否決、伊藤内閣を総辞職に追い込んだ。
- However, the study group (the House of Peers), which is the largest parliamentary faction in the House of Peers (Japan) and which still believed in the doctrine of superiority, not only passed a resolution to refuse Ito's request to join his party, but also rallied five factions (sawa kai, asahi kurabu, koshi kai, mokuyo kai, mushozoku dan) and rejected a tax-increase bill to raise military expenditure for the Boxer Rebellion in 1901, which forced the Ito Cabinet to resign en masse.
- 『徒然草』において、重明親王が元良親王の元日の奏賀の声が太極殿から鳥羽作道まで響いたことを書き残した故事について記されているため、両親王が活躍していた10世紀前半には存在していたとされる(ただし、吉田兼好が見たとされる重明親王による元の文章が残っていないために疑問視する意見もある)。
- Since 'Tsurezure gusa' (Essays in Idleness) shows about a historical event that Imperial Prince Shigeakira wrote down that the voice of Imperial Prince Motoyoshi making a ceremonial speech on the morning of the new year was heard from Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) to Toba no Tsukurimichi, it was considered that the road existed in the early 10th century when the two Imperial princes were active (however, there are opinions that questions this, as the original writings of Imperial Prince Shigeakira which Kenko YOSHIDA is supposed to have seen do not exist).
- また、五老岳にそびえる高さ50mの展望タワーである五老スカイタワーの展望台からは、「近畿百景第1位」に選ばれた舞鶴湾、舞鶴市内の景観を360度のパノラマで満喫することができ、大正13年に国の天然記念物に指定された、オオミズナギドリ最後の楽園と言われている冠島の島影も見ることができる。
- From the platform of Goro Sky Tower, a fifty-meter high observatory tower, you can also enjoy a 360-degree panoramic view of Maizuru bay and Maizuru City, which ranked first of 'the best 100 views in Kinki Region,' and see the faint outlines of Kanmuri-jima Island, which is said to be the last paradise for streaked shearwaters designated as natural monument in 1924.
- これによって辞官納地も有名無実化される寸前になり、16日には慶喜がアメリカ合衆国・イギリス・フランス・オランダ・イタリア・プロシアの6ヶ国公使と大坂城で会談を行ない、内政不干渉と外交権の幕府の保持を承認させ、更に19日には朝廷に対して王政復古の大号令の撤回を公然と要求するまでになった。
- Through this Jikan-nochi became merely nominal, and Yoshimune met minister-counselors of six countries - USA, UK, France, the Netherlands, Italy and Prussia - at the Osaka Castle on the 16th and talked them into admitting noninterference in internal affairs and approving the Shogunate's rights to diplomacy, going so far as to publicly request the Imperial Court to withdraw the Decree of the Restoration of Imperial Rule on the 19th.
- 逆に、後世の女帝のあり方から類推すると、男子皇族間の皇位継承争いの予兆があってそれを緩和ないし未然に防ぐ意図があったかとも思われる(少なくともこの時、後の継体天皇が属した応神天皇に連なる息長氏系と、倭彦王が属した仲哀天皇に連なる家系の二つはあり、他にも男系子孫がいた可能性もなくはない)。
- On the contrary, estimating from the later Empress, as there was a predictor of a succession struggle among male Imperial families, she is thought to have tried to prevent or ease it in advance (at least at that time, there were two family lines such as Okinaga clan descending from Emperor Ojin whom the later Emperor Keitai belonged to and the family line descending from Emperor Chuai whom Yamato hiko no o belonged to and it is possible for her to have had the other male descendants).
- 教科書としては、『庭訓往来』『商売往来』『百姓往来』など往来物のほか、文字を学ぶ『千字文』、人名が列挙された『名頭』『苗字尽』、地名・地理を学ぶ『国尽』『町村尽』、『四書五経』『六諭衍義』などの儒学書、『国史略』『十八史略』などの歴史書、『唐詩選』『百人一首』『徒然草』などの古典が用いられた。
- Text books included Oraimono such as 'Teikin Orai' (collection of letters used for family education), 'Shobai Orai' (a Guide to Commerce), 'Hakusho Orai' (a Guide to Farming), 'Senjimon' (a poem consisting of one thousand Chinese characters) for learning characters, 'Nagashira,' 'Myojizukushi' for learning names of people, 'Kunizukushi,' 'Chosonzukushi,' for learning place names and geography, 'Shishogokyo,' 'Rikuyuengi' for Confucianism, and history books such as 'Kokushiryaku,' 'Juhasshiryaku' and classics such as 'Toshisen,' 'Hyakuninisshu' and 'Tsurezuregusa.'
- 退位後は冷然院・嵯峨院を造営して財政を逼迫させただけでなく、実子正良親王(仁明天皇)が即位すると「皇室の長」として政治に干渉する場面も多くなり、更に淳和上皇や仁明天皇の反対を押し切って自分の外孫でもある淳和上皇の皇子恒貞親王を皇太子とするなど、朝廷内で絶大な権力を振るって後に様々な火種を残した。
- After the retirement, not only did he order the construction of Reizen In and Saga In, which made the financial situation worse for the Imperial Palace, but he also interfered in politics as the top of the palace after his biological son, Prince Masara (Emperor Ninmyo), became Emperor; moreover, despite the opposition of the emperors Junna and Ninmyo, he set Prince Tsunesada up as the crown prince, who was his grandchild and Emperor Junna's prince, so in subsequent years his autocratic style caused many problems.
- 『うつほ物語』に「万葉仮名にもあらず、日本の書道史女手にもあらず」と記された草仮名が、極めて自然な形で女手と巧みに交用され、また、「悪(あ)」・「盈(え)」・「祈(き)」・「倶(く)」・「致(ち)」・「帝(て)」・「廬(ろ)」など、後世の上代様古筆には余り見慣れない珍しい文字字母が使用されている。
- In 'Utsuho Monogatari' (The Tale of the Cavern), sogana, which is described as 'neither manyo-gana (the use of Chinese characters for their phonetic value), nor onnade,' is skillfully mixed with onnade in an extremely natural way and also uses unusual characters, which are not seen in the later jodaiyo kohitsu.
- また、実恵の師である三筆の1人空海も同族であった)ように、明経道の教員の一員同然となり、酒麻呂の子佐伯豊雄も「以彫虫之小、忝学館之末員」(『日本三代実録』貞観 (日本)3年11月11日条)と評されるように官印の刻印を担当する職務(『延喜式』太政官式・中務省式に規定がある)が主となっていくようになる。
- Jichie's master Kukai, one of the three famous ancient calligraphers of ancient Japan, was also of the same clan), they took on the role of myogyo-do teachers and Sakemaro's son SAEKI no Toyoo also held the position of engraving official seals (regulations under the 'Engishiki' (codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) Department of State codes and Ministry of Central Affairs codes) following the statement that 'owing to his fine seal engraving, he was made a member of the Tengaku Kan' ('Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' (sixth of the six classical Japanese history texts), December 20, 861).
- 「やまと」の語源は山に囲まれた地域であるからと言う説、この地域を拠点としたヤマト王権が元々「やまと」と言う地域に発祥したためとする説、「やまと」は元は「山門」であり山に神が宿ると見なす自然信仰の拠点であった地名が国名に転じたとする説、三輪山から山東(やまとう)を中心に発展したためとする説など諸説ある。
- There are a variety of views about the origin of the word 'Yamato': the area is a region surrounded by mountains; the Yamato Dynasty located in this region originated in an area called 'Yamato'; 'Yamato' means 'Sanmon' (temple gate) and the name of a place of belief in nature that gods exist in mountains was changed to a country name; or it was developed in the area centered around Mt. Miwa and Yamato.
- 開港場では6月2日より1ドル銀貨との引き換えが始まったが、この二朱銀は開港場のみでしか通用せず、もともと日本国内全般に含有銀量の多い二朱銀を流通させることが困難であり、一般に流通しているのは依然一分銀であったため、国内では一分銀に両替しないと通用しないと定められた大凡貨幣としての機能を欠くものであった。
- These Nishu gin silver coins started to be exchanged with one-dollar silver coins at treaty ports on June 2, but they could be used only in those ports and lacked functions of a common currency because they had to be exchanged into ichibu-gin silver coins for domestic use, for it was difficult to distribute Nishu gin silver coins, which contained comparatively much silver, all over Japan in the first place, and ichibu-gin silver coins were still generally in circulation.
- しかし昭和24年(1949年)にイギリスのドリュー女史(Dr. Kathleen Mary Drew Baker 1901年-1957年9月14日)が海苔の糸状体を発見し、それまで不明であった海苔のライフサイクルが解明され、不確実な天然採苗に代わる人工採苗を実用化し、養殖が可能な地域の拡大にも繋がった。
- However, in 1949 Dr. Kathleen Mary Drew Baker (1901- Septemper 14, 1957) discovered the filaments of nori, thus elucidating the heretofore mysterious life cycle and led to the expansion of the areas in which the cultivation was possible by putting to practical use the artificial collection of seedlings instead of the natural one, which was unstable.
- 当然、この動きには昭和天皇や一部の皇族からの抵抗があり、香淳皇后の実家である久邇宮家や昭和天皇の第一皇女東久邇成子の嫁ぎ先である東久邇宮家など一部の宮家は皇室に残す案も出たが、最終的には、昭和天皇の実弟である秩父宮・高松宮家・三笠宮家の3宮家のみを残し、伏見宮流の11宮家は全て皇籍離脱させることになった。
- Of course Emperor Showa and some Imperial Family members were against this movement, there was an idea to keep Miyake such as the Kuninomiya family which was the original family Empress Kojun was from, and the Higashikuninomiya family, to which Emperor Showa's first Prince, Shigeko HIGASHIKUNI married into, but finally three families were kept, they were Emperor Showa's younger brother's family, Chichibunomiya, Takamatsunomiya, Mikasanomiya, and the other 11 Miyake were all to cease being members of the Imperial Family.
- かつて江戸時代初期のように四季醸造という生産体制が、人々の年中サイクルの中に組み込まれ息づいていたころには、ちょうど今でいう「季節もの」や「天然もの」の野菜や魚のように、寒造りされた酒はその他の酒と区別され「寒酒」として味わわれたようであるが、そうした習慣は、現在は一般的には消滅してしまっているといえる。
- The shikijozo production system was incorporated in the annual cycle of people of the early Edo Period similar to the 'seasonal' or 'natural' vegetables or fish of nowadays, and the sake that was made with kanzukuri process was treated apart from other sake, but the custom has disappeared now.
- 足助氏はその後も御家人として存続したが、4代目惣領・足助重方とその子・足助親重は官位を有し昇殿をも許されるなど朝廷との繋がりは依然として深く、加えて一族の中には有力御家人安達氏との縁戚がおり、弘安8年(1285年)の霜月騒動で一族の足助重房が連座して滅ぼされたことなどから、次第に鎌倉幕府への不満を強めていくこととなる。
- After that, the Asuke clan survived as a vassal of the shogunate, but its relationship with the Imperial Court was still so close that the fourth head, Shigekata ASUKE, and his son Chikashige ASUKE had been given official rank and allowed to enter the denjo room in the palace; moreover, its dissatisfaction with the Kamakura bakufu increased because of problems such as the Shimotsuki Affair in 1285, in which Shigefusa ASUKE was involved and destroyed because, in the Asuke clan, there were relatives of the powerful gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods), Adachi clan.
- 藩は気候風土・政治文化・食文化などの関係によって多種多様の領土面積によって成り立っていた為、藩一つ全体が鹿児島県となった鹿児島藩などは別に、山形県・岩手県など複数の藩が一つにまとまった都府県では地方ごとに食文化が異なる状況が生じている(県交通機関の発達していない時代、国境の多くは山脈等の自然地形によって分かれている為)。
- Since a domain was formed by a wide variety of number of territories in accordance with climate and natural features, political culture, food culture, etc., a different food culture was born in each region in prefectures which were formed as a result of merging two or more domains such as Yamagata Prefecture, Iwate Prefecture, etc., except for Kagoshima Prefecture which was formed by one domain, Kagoshima Domain (this was because in a period when prefectural transportation facilities did not develop, many borders were set out according to natural landscape such as mountain ranges).
- 当時の政府発表(最終のもの)によれば、大嘗祭が「国事行為」とされなかった理由は、憲法上の天皇の「国事行為」とは漠然と国に関わる行為を指すものではなく、すべて「内閣の助言と承認」を必要とするものであり、皇室の伝統祭祀である大嘗祭は「国事行為」に当たらない(大嘗祭は政務上の「国事行為」と次元を異にする尊貴な行為である)ためである。
- According to the final announcement of the government at that time, the Onie no matsuri Festival was not considered as a state act, because unlike the emperor's state acts, which were not related to the state vaguely but needed advisement and authorization of the ministry, the Onie no matsuri Festival, a traditional noble ritual, was in a different category to the state acts belonging to the affairs of State, and thus was not considered as a state act.
- このため、安政5年(1858年)の日米修好通商条約締結の際、約8.6グラムの質量を持つ一分銀は偶然にも質量としての一両の約1/4であることから額面通り銀1/4両であり、中国の銀一両の約3/4の質量である1ドル銀貨=一分銀3枚という日本側に不利な交換比率を主張する口実をタウンゼント・ハリスに与えることになり、小判流出の一因となった。
- When the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan was concluded in 1858, the fact that about 8.6-gram ichibu-gin was coincidentally equivalent to around one fourth ryo in weight, which was worth of one fourth ryo of silver at face value, provided Townsend Harris with the excuse of insisting unfavorable exchange rate for Japan that three ichibu-gin coins changed one-dollar silver coin which was about three fourth weight of Chinese one ryo of silver and led koban flow out.
- 『百器徒然袋』の解説文に「保元の夜軍に鎌田政清、手がらをなせしも我ゆへなれば、いかなる恩もたぶべきに、手がたをつけんと前輪のあたりつけらるれば、気も魂もきえぎえとなりしとおしみて唄ふ声、いとおもしろく夢のうちにおもいぬ」とあることから、策略によって主君共々殺害された源氏の家臣・鎌田政清が使用していた馬の鞍が変化して生まれた妖怪とされる。
- According to the commentary of 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' containing the description of '保元の夜軍に鎌田政清、手がらをなせしも我ゆへなれば、いかなる恩もたぶべきに、手がたをつけんと前輪のあたりつけらるれば、気も魂もきえぎえとなりしとおしみて唄ふ声、いとおもしろく夢のうちにおもいぬ,' it is regarded that the specter was transmuted from the saddle of Masakiyo KAMATA's horse; Masakiyo, a vassal of the Minamoto clan, was plotted to be killed with his lord.
- また、東福門院(徳川和子)に対する配慮から後光明天皇・後西天皇・霊元の3天皇の生母(壬生院園光子・逢春門院櫛笥隆子・新広義門院園国子)に対する女院号贈呈が死の間際(壬生院の場合は後光明天皇崩御直後)に行われ、その父親(園基任・櫛笥隆致・園基音)への贈位贈官も極秘に行われるなど、幕府の朝廷に対する公然・非公然の圧力が続いたとも言われている。
- Also, in consideration toward Tofukumonin (Masako TOKUGAWA), to the birth mothers of Emperor Gokomyo, Emperor Gosai and Emperor Reigen (Mibuin Mitsuko SONO, Hoshunmonin Takako KUSHIGE, Shinkogimonin Kuniko SONO), Nyoin go was presented just before they died (to Mibuin, Nyoin go was presented immediately after Emperor Gokomyo died) and their fathers (Mototo SONO, Takashi KUSHIGE, Motone SONO) were secretly given a special rank and position; it is said that the government maintained direct and indirect pressure upon the Imperial Palace.
- この時期、九州では依然として激戦が続いており、更に1,800万発の調達が必要と見積もられていたこともあって、大量の弾薬在庫が残されていたツンナール銃を九州に送る案が検討され、実際に和歌山(旧紀州藩)の臨時召集部隊は藩兵時代から使い慣れたツンナール銃装備のまま九州へ派遣されたほか、大阪鎮台の医歩兵など後方部隊もツンナール銃を装備して派遣されていた。
- As fierce battles were still fought in Kyushu in this period, the Army Ministry estimated further 18 million rounds of ammunition would be needed and examined a plan of sending Zundnadel guns to Kyushu because it had a great deal of stockpiles of ammunition for the gun; in fact, an emergency call-up troop in Wakayama (former Kishu Domain) was dispatched to Kyushu armed with Zundnadel gun, which they had used when they served for the domain, and a rear unit including medical soldiers in Osaka Garrison were also armed with Zundnadel guns and dispatched.
- これまで歴代の治天が進めてきた訴訟処理機構の整備や迅速な訴訟処理、有為な人材の登用などは当然であるが、後醍醐は、沽酒法(米価・酒価公定令)、洛中への地口銭賦課などの経済政策にも取り組み、さらには洛中酒鑪役賦課令、神人公事停止令、関所停止令などを発して、それまで治天の権限の及ばなかった領域へも積極的に手を伸ばして朝廷自体の権力基盤の拡大をも目指した。
- Naturally, Godaigo worked on the court management system, speedy court case processing and recruitment of useful human resources that past Chiten had worked on, but he also worked on financial measures such as Koshu-ho (Law defining the price of rice and sake), Jiguchisen-ka to Rakuchu (extra tax on houses and fields in central Kyoto) but he also tried to enlarge the power base of the Imperial Court itself by actively working on areas that the authority of past Chiten did not reach and issued Rakuchu Shuroyaku Fuka-rei, Shinjin Koji Teishi-rei, Sekishoteishi-rei, etc.
- 役柄による多少の違いはあるが、おおむね、自然の肌色より若干明るめ(ロシア系は、かなり白目)のファンデーションを顔全体に塗る、茶色がかったほほ紅、ノーズシャドーを入れる、青いアイシャドーを、まぶた一杯に差す、茶色のダブルラインを入れる、上下のまぶたにアイライナーを、思いっきり太く入れる、付けまつげを付ける、鮮やかな口紅を、輪郭をはっきり描く、という場合が多い。
- There are some differences depending on the role, but in general, ballet dancers frequently put on foundation somewhat lighter than natural flesh color (considerably whitish in the case of Russian dancers) on their entire face, brownish blush and nose shadow, blue eye shadow covering the whole eyelid as well as a brown double line, boldly thick eyeliner on the upper and lower eyelids, they wear tipped eyelashes, and clearly paint the shape of the lips with brilliant-colored lipstick.
- 家臣の三輪文屋君は、「乘馬詣東國 以乳部爲本 興師還戰 其勝必矣」(東国に難を避け、そこで再起を期し、入鹿を討つべし)と進言するが、山背大兄王は戦闘を望まず「如卿所 其勝必然 但吾情冀 十年不役百姓 以一身之故 豈煩勞萬民 又於後世 不欲民言由吾之故 喪己父母 豈其戰勝之後 方言丈夫哉 夫損身固國 不亦丈夫者歟」(われ、兵を起して入鹿を伐たば、その勝たんこと定し。
- Vassal MIWA no Fumiya no Kimi advised the prince '乘馬詣東國 以乳部爲本 興師還戰 其勝必矣 (Escape to the East and prepare to fight back against Iruka), but the prince didn't want to fight and said '如卿所 其勝必然 但吾情冀 十年不役百姓 以一身之故 豈煩勞萬民 又於後世 不欲民言由吾之故 喪己父母 豈其戰勝之後 方言丈夫哉 夫損身固國 不亦丈夫者歟' (if we take up arms and fight against Iruka, surely we will win.
- 貝づか、古墳、都城跡、城跡、旧宅その他の遺跡で我が国にとつて歴史上又は学術上価値の高いもの、庭園、橋梁、峡谷、海浜、山岳その他の名勝地で我が国にとつて芸術上又は観賞上価値の高いもの並びに動物(生息地、繁殖地及び渡来地を含む。)、植物(自生地を含む。)及び地質鉱物(特異な自然の現象の生じている土地を含む。)で我が国にとつて学術上価値の高いもの(以下「記念物」という。)
- Monuments include: shell mounds, ancient tombs, sites of palaces, sites of forts or castles, monumental dwelling houses and other ruins of particular historical significance or academic value for our country and gardens, bridges, gorges, seacoasts, mountains and other places of scenic beauty which have outstanding artistic or scenic value in and for this country; animals (including their habitats, breeding places and summer and winter resorts); plants (including their natural growth areas); and geological features and minerals (including the grounds where extraordinary natural phenomena are seen), which possess a high scientific value in and for this country.
- 大日本帝国陸軍参謀であった石原莞爾は、「人類が心から現人神(あらひとがみ)の信仰に悟入したところに、王道文明は初めてその真価を発揮する。最終戦争即ち王道・覇道の決勝戦は結局、天皇を信仰するものと然らざるものの決勝戦であり、具体的には天皇が世界の天皇とならせられるか、西洋の大統領が世界の指導者となるかを決定するところの、人類歴史の中で空前絶後の大事件である。」と主張した。
- The general officer of the Imperial Japanese Army, Kanji ISHIWARA said 'Where all the human beings believe in the Arahitogami, the civilization of the rule of Right shows its real value for the first time. The last war, the final match between the rule of right and the rule of might is in fact a match between people who believe in the Emperor and people who don't. So the war is to decide if the Emperor becomes the Emperor of the world or the Western President becomes the leader of the world. This is the biggest event of all time in our history.'
- また、旧薩摩藩士の心情として、鹿児島属廠の火薬・弾丸・武器・製造機械類は藩士が醵出した金で造ったり購入したりしたもので、一朝事があって必要な場合、藩士やその子孫が使用するものであると考えられていた事もあり、私学校徒は中央政府が泥棒のように薩摩の財産を搬出した事に怒るとともに、当然予想される衝突に備えて武器・弾薬を入手するために、夜、草牟田火薬庫を襲って弾丸・武器類を奪取した。
- Since all the gunpowder, bullets, arms, and making machinery in the Kagoshima arsenal had been constructed or purchased with the money contributed by the then retainers of the Satsuma Domain, the former retainers took it for granted that these things were to be used by the retainers and their descendants in an emergency; therefore, because the Shigakko students got angry with the central government for carrying the domain's property out from there like a thief and for the purpose of being prepared with arms and ammunition for a possible conflict with the central government, they made a night attack on the powder house at Somuta and seized bullets and arms.
- ついで江戸時代に入ると漢学者、国学者の双方による律令研究が盛行し、注釈書を残した者に壺井義知(つぼいよしちか)(1657‐1735)、 荷田春満(かだのあずままろ)、稲葉通邦(いなばみちくに)(1744‐1801)、 河村秀穎(ひでかい)、河村秀根(ひでね)、 薗田守良(そのだもりよし)(1785‐1840)、 近藤芳樹などがあるが、依然として研究の中心は解釈学におかれていた。
- Next, in the Edo period, research on ritsuryo by both scholars of Chinese classics and scholars of Japanese classical studies flourished, and Yoshichika TSUBOI (1657 - 1735), KADA no Azumamaro, Michikuni INABA (1744 - 1801), Hidekai KAWAMURA, Hidene KAWAMURA, Moriyoshi SONODA (1785 - 1840), and Yoshiki KONDO are among those who left commentaries, but the center of the research was still on hermeneutics.
- これは、文化財保護法が制定された1950年(昭和25年)当時の日本国の財政状況や政治情勢では指定文化財のすべてについて必要十分な保護措置がとれないために、そのとき新設された「無形文化財」は別としても、戦前の国宝保存法と史蹟名勝天然紀念物保存法による指定物件を多く引き継いだ「有形文化財」および「記念物」の2種については、指定物件のなかから特に重点的に保護する対象を厳選する必要にせまられたためであった。
- Since not all designated cultural properties could be protected by necessary and sufficient measures under the Japan's financial and political situations at the time when the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties was enacted in 1950, the government was forced to stringently select cultural properties to be protected among the two categories of 'Tangible Properties' and 'Monuments' to which categories many items designated in the prewar period under the Preservation of National Treasures or the Historical Spot, Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument Preservation Law had been carried over, aside from the then-established category of 'Intangible Cultural Properties.'
- その後、慶長16年3月21日_(旧暦)に後水尾天皇の即位に合わせて14名、4月21日_(旧暦)には19名の公家の一斉昇進が行われて豊臣政権時代に昇進が停滞してしまった公家の昇進人事が一括して行われ、次いで豊臣氏が滅亡した元和_(日本)元年(1615年)に制定された「禁中並公家諸法度」に公家官位と武家官位の完全分離が図られたのも、豊臣政権末期の官位を巡る朝廷の混乱を知る家康にとっては当然の事であったのである。
- Subsequently, fourteen court nobles advanced in rank on May 3, 1611, in conjunction with Emperor Gomizunoo's ascension to the Imperial throne while nineteen nobles on Jun 2, 1611, getting the promotion of court nobles, which had been hindered during the Toyotomi administration, to be awarded all together; it was only natural for Ieyasu to establish, in 1615, the same year as the Toyotomi clan was collapsed, the 'Kinchu narabini kuge shohatto' (a set of regulations that applied to the emperor and Kyoto nobles), which completely separated the official rank of the court nobles and that of the samurai class, for Ieyasu had witnessed the struggle of the Imperial Court regarding to official ranks at the end of the Toyotomi administration.
- 毎年高卒者を多く採用する産業で、駐屯地で寄宿生活を行う自衛官や全寮制の訓練機関(海上保安大学校、防衛大学校など)、祝祭日が書き入れ時となる百貨店、スーパーマーケット、外食産業などの小売業や鉄道、観光バスなどの運輸事業、及び業務の性格上交代勤務が多い製鉄、化学工業、繊維、紙、自動車工業などの製造業、電力・都市ガス・電話局などでは、成人の日も勤務となる従業員が多く、市町村が行う成人式に参加できない人も当然多くいる。
- In the case of workers in industries that hire many high school graduates every year, such as retail industries including department stores, supermarkets and restaurants, and the transport industry including railways, sightseeing buses, etc. that make profits on holidays, manufacturing industries including iron manufacturing, chemical industry, textile industry, paper industry and automobile industry in which employees work different shifts due to business characteristics, workers in public services such as electricity, city gas and telephone, Self-Defense Officials who live in a dormitory at a Camp, and trainees at residential training institutions (Japan Coast Guard Academy, National Defense Academy, etc.), many of them have to work even on the Coming-of-Age Day, and obviously cannot participate in the Seijin-shiki ceremony held by municipalities.
- 「局三四号 砲兵支廠ニ於テスナイトル弾薬製作之義ニ付伺 スナイトル弾之義是迄砲兵支廠ニ於テ製造不致処第二方面内歩工兵員三分ノ二ヲ過キ同銃携帯致居候ニ付当今、鹿児島属廠制作之同弾ヲ以支廠送付致シ然ル後再ヒ各地江配賦致有之候右ハ隔他之場処運搬致候益之矢且緩急之際不都合不少候ニ付左之迄御決定御指令相成度御達案相添此段相伺候也 第三局長代理 十年一月八日陸軍大佐福原実二 陸軍卿山縣有朋殿伺之通 一月十日但入動廠 額金内点報 多少 通御達相成度候也 小砲兵支廠御達案 鹿児島属廠設置之スナイトル弾業器械其廠備付」
- 局三四号 砲兵支廠ニ於テスナイトル弾薬製作之義ニ付伺 スナイトル弾之義是迄砲兵支廠ニ於テ製造不致処第二方面内歩工兵員三分ノ二ヲ過キ同銃携帯致居候ニ付当今、鹿児島属廠制作之同弾ヲ以支廠送付致シ然ル後再ヒ各地江配賦致有之候右ハ隔他之場処運搬致候益之矢且緩急之際不都合不少候ニ付左之迄御決定御指令相成度御達案相添此段相伺候也 第三局長代理 十年一月八日陸軍大佐福原実二 陸軍卿山縣有朋殿伺之通 一月十日但入動廠 額金内点報 多少 通御達相成度候也 小砲兵支廠御達案 鹿児島属廠設置之スナイトル弾業器械其廠備付'
- その理由として、江戸時代に入って徳川綱吉によって諸国鉄砲改めによる百姓の狩猟及び銃の原則所持禁止、銃器の移動制限がなされたことや、鎖国の影響による技術進歩の停滞という通説、フリントロック式は火縄式に比べ強力なバネが装着されており、撃鉄作動時の衝撃が大きく、引金を引いてから一瞬遅れて装薬に着火する機構のため銃身がぶれ、火縄銃に比べ命中率が悪く「一発必中」を好む日本人から嫌われたらしいことのほかに、日本では良質の火打石が産出せず大量生産ができなかったこと、またおそらくはすべての武術と同じく鉄炮術も一種の競技的な要素を含んで流派形式で継承されたため、その結果必然的に器具類の改変は避けられた、という要素も大きかった。
- The reasons for this follow; in the Edo period Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA prohibited hunting and the possession of a gun by farmers in principle; that the transfer of a gun was limited; that, commonly believed, the technological advance of guns stagnated from the influence of the exclusion of foreigners (national isolation); that a flintlock gun (flintlock system) had a stronger spring than a hinawaju and when the gunlock operating the impact was big and after trigger was pulled, the ignition mechanism for the explosive charge momentarily wavered and the accuracy of fire was bad and thus Japanese who liked to 'ippatsu hicchu' (hit with one shot), disliked the flintlock gun; that good quality flints could not be found in Japan and could not be mass-produced; and that, as a big factor, the art of gun was inherited probably in the form of a school-style gun for competitions like all the martial arts and as a result, the improvement of the weapon was necessarily avoided.
- その理由として、御誓文と同時に出された宸翰に出てくる「旧来の陋習」の語がそもそも鎖国攘夷の意味に限定されていないこと、また木戸孝允自身が「打破すべき封建性」「打破すべき閉鎖性」の意味で「旧習」「旧来の陋習」「陋習」という言葉を広く使用していること、また、大久保利通でさえ木戸の「旧来の陋習」と同じ意味のことを「因循の腐臭」とより痛烈に批判していること、つまり、薩長いずれも密留学をさせ倒幕に立ち上がった開明的雄藩であったにもかかわらず長州の木戸より薩摩の大久保のほうが藩主父子・出身藩の内部事情などのためにより批判的にならざるを得ない危険な封建性・閉鎖性をより自覚していたということ(寺田屋事件~西南戦争)、更に、岩倉具視も他の文書で「天地の公道」という全く同じ言葉を万国公法とはおよそ次元の異なる「天然自然の条理というような意味」で用いていることなどが挙げられている。
- As the reason, they explained that the word 'evil customs of the past' in shinkan (Imperial letter) issued at the same time as Charter Oath was not restricted to national isolation as well as expulsion of foreigners, and Takayoshi KIDO himself used the words 'old customs', 'evil customs of the past' and 'conventions' widely as meaning of 'feudalism to be conquered' or 'closed nature to be conquered', and even Toshimichi OKUBO severely criticized the same thing as 'evil customs of the past' mentioned by Kido for 'corrupt smell of old customes', in other word, though both Satsuma and Choshu provided overseas education secretly and were liberal domains led the movement of overthrowing the Shogunate, Okubo from Satsuma recognized more about dangerous feudalism as well as closed nature than Kido from Choshu, Okubo had to criticize more extreme because of internal affair regarding father and son of the lords of his domain and internal circumstances of his domain (The Teradaya Incident - Seinan War), moreover Tomomi IWAKURA also used just the same words 'the laws of Nature' as 'reason of nature' in other document, which meant totally different from international public law.