無: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 無品。
- Muhon (without a court rank)
- Her rank was muhon (without a court rank).
- She was muhon (without a court rank).
- 無形成骨症
- adynamic bone disease
- 入場無料。
- Admission is free.
- Admission Free.
- 果無観音堂
- Hatenashi Kannon-do
- 入館無料。
- No admission fee is required.
- 無鄰菴庭園
- Murian-teien Garden
- 無品だった。
- She was muhon (without a court rank).
- 実権無き上皇
- The retired Emperor Without Political Power
- 3名が無罪。
- 3 defenders were sentenced not guilty.
- 泉涌寺無縫塔
- Muhoto (tombstone for priest) of Sennyu-ji Temple
- 無所属:1名
- No party affiliation: 1 member
- 「無縁」の否定
- A denial of 'Muen' (to break off the relationship with the outside world)
- 日本以外の無尽
- Mujin other than in Japan
- あること無いこと
- mixture of fact and fiction
- half-truths
- 法名は無量光院。
- His homyo (a posthumous Buddhist name) was Muryoko-in.
- 通常落ちは無い。
- Usually there is no ochi.
- 水無月祓 (能)
- Minazukibarai (Purification in June) (Noh play)
- 名越 無縁寺の場
- The scene at Muen-dera Temple (temple for the souls of the dead who have no relatives) in Nagoe
- 主従関係と無礼討
- Relationship between lord and vassal and Bureiuchi
- 藤原北家水無瀬家。
- They fell under the Minase family line of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan.
- 県指定無形文化財。
- Intangible cultural properties designated by Prefecture.
- 豪腕無双の荒法師。
- Strong and peerless warrior-priest.
- 選択無形民俗文化財
- Selected intangible properties of folk culture
- Selected intangible folk-cultural properties
- 別名を無礼討とも。
- It is also called 'burei-uchi.'
- 期日の定めの無いもの
- The following major rites are conducted on unspecified dates.
- 太刀 無銘(小烏丸)
- A sword without the maker's name (Ko-garasu-maru)
- 無双仕立て)とする。
- muso jutate (a kimono with a lining of the same fabric)
- 七条家:水無瀬庶流。
- The Shichijo Family: a side line of Minase
- 町尻家:水無瀬庶流。
- The Machijiri Family: a side line of Minase
- 山井家:水無瀬庶流。
- The Yamanoi Family: a side line of Minase
- 桜井家:水無瀬庶流。
- The Sakurai Family: a side line of Minase
- 幽霊電車とは無関係。
- It has nothing to do with yurei densha (ghost trains).
- 水無瀬荘…東大寺領。
- Minase-no-sho: estate of Todai-ji Temple.
- 無事に予定は終了した。
- The Imperial visit was completed as scheduled.
- 果無峠下にある観音堂。
- It is Kannon-do (temple for Kannon) located under Hatenashi Pass
- 藤原北家水無瀬流(5家)
- The Minase line of the House of Fujiwara North (five families)
- 『古事記』に記載、無し。
- Nothing related to Misasagi is mentioned in 'Kojiki'.
- There is no mention of Emperor Senka's mausoleum in 'Kojiki'.
- 無事幕を引き終えて終了。
- The performance ends when he is done drawing the curtain.
- ヤマ(山):無しのこと。
- Yama: indicating that there is no more neta.
- と無念の思いを絞り出す。
- He forces these words of chagrin out.
- 用語の意味の解説は無い。
- Any descriptions of the meaning of the words were not contained.
- 東海道新幹線(駅は無し)
- Tokaido Shinkansen: no stations in the city
- 桃太郎神社鬼無権現熊野神社
- Momotaro Jinja Kinashigongen Kumano-jinja Shrine
- こちらも無論源氏雲はない。
- There is no Genjigumo, of course.
- 薬は無いが財布があった…。
- There is no medicine, but he finds a wallet.
- 南無(なむ)は「帰依する」
- Namu means 'I have a faith in you.'
- 中国・唐代三階教の無尽蔵。
- Wu Chin Ts'ang of Sangai-kyo (Three Stages Sect) in the Tang Dynasty of China.
- 刀 無銘正宗(名物会津正宗)
- A short sword, Mumei Masamune (Meibutsu Aizu Masamune)
- 水無瀬氏成の子七条隆脩が祖。
- The original forefather was Takanaga SHICHIJO, the child of Ujinari MINASE.
- 門が引かれ無音で幕がしまる。
- The gate closes and the curtain is drawn in silence.
- 一、応重禁制無故任意触穢輩事
- 一,応重禁制無故任意触穢輩事
- 戦いの有無と規模に関する考察
- A consideration on the existence or nonexistence and the scale of the war
- 坂本城址公園に無料駐車場有り
- There is a free parking area in Sakamoto-joshi Park (Sakamoto-jo castle ruins park).
- 無人雨量観測所の建屋がある。
- There is an unmanned observatory of the precipitation.
- 「即ち公無刀にて執り給ふ。」
- 'Then Ko (Munetoshi) took it in bare hands.'
- 無文元選(1323-1390)
- Mumongensen (1324-1380)
- 水無瀬兼俊の末男桜井兼里が祖。
- The original forefather was Kanesato SAKURAI, the youngest son of Kanetoshi MINASE.
- 水無瀬兼俊の二男町尻具英が祖。
- The original forefather was Tomohide MACHIJIRI, the second son of Kanetoshi MINASE.
- その直後勘平の無実が判明する。
- However, Kanpei is proven to be innocent immediately afterwards.
- 伴内:「その用は… 無い!」。
- Bannai: 'Want...Nothing!'
- 米を無駄なく使うことができる。
- Rice can be used without being wasted.
- Rice is able to be used without any waste.
- ただし爵位の格下げは一例も無い。
- However, there were no families which were regarded.
- 光秀は必死に無念に耐えるばかり。
- Mitsuhide simply endures the humiliation.
- 平安時代に寺子屋は当然無かった。
- Terakoya was definitely not present during Heian Period.
- 「義仲の士卒等、歓喜限り無し。」
- Yoshinaka's soldiers were exultant.
- 内部は無料で一般公開されている。
- The inside of the residence is open to the public for free.
- 春の女神で同名の佐保姫とは無関係。
- She has the same name as the goddess of spring Sahohime (written as 佐保姫), but she has nothing to do with the goddess.
- なお、家綱との間に子供は無かった。
- In addition, she did not have any children with Ietsuna.
- 無事帰ると、帰還の祝いが行われる。
- After they come home safely, people celebrate their return.
- 無形文化財(むけいぶんかざい)は、
- The term 'intangible cultural properties'
- 「院中の男女、上下周章極み無し。」
- Men and women in the Imperial Palace were thrown into confusion.
- しかし尊氏は無断で関東に出兵する。
- However, Takauji sent troops to the Kanto region without permission.
- 天皇は無念の思いを日記に記している
- The Emperor expressed his regret in his diary.
- 原則として舞台が無音のときに掛ける。
- Audience is allowed to practice kakegoe onlywhen performers are not reading lines or singing.
- 『古事記』にも「子無かりき」とある。
- In the 'Kojiki,' there is a description that 'he had no children.'
- 『延喜式』に「無陵地幷無戸」とある。
- 'Engishiki' (codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) says 'his mausoleum had no imperial property or imperial tomb guard.'
- 箸で食べ物を無理に口に詰め込む所作。
- To thrust food into one's mouth with chopsticks.
- 国選択無形民俗文化財である人形浄瑠璃
- Ningyo joruri officially-designated selected intangible properties of folk culture
- 無念のあまり刃を我が腹に突きたてる。
- He stabs his own belly with a knife in despair.
- が、一報を聞きしばらく言葉が無かった。
- After the news, Emperor Showa got lost for words for a while.
- 後鳥羽天皇宸翰御手印置文(水無瀬神宮)
- Emperor Gotoba's shinkan, Otein Okifumi (Minase-jingu Shrine)
- 洗わずに炊ける無洗米も市販されている。
- No-wash rice, that does not have to be washed before cooking, is also sold commercially.
- 幕藩は規制を敷いたが、効果は無かった。
- The shogunate and clans implemented regulations for such pilgrimages, but were not successful.
- - 規程無し(一般に73~75%程度)
- No official regulations (in general approx. 73 to 75%)
- 観音霊場巡礼の場合には南無観世音菩薩。
- For pilgrimage of the sacred place of Kannnon, 南無観世音菩薩 (Namu Kanzeon Bosatsu) is used.
- 「あたら侍に尾が無うて残念、残念,。」
- It's a great pity that a samurai doesn't have a tail.'
- 河内屋与兵衛は、放埒無頼の驕児である。
- Yohei KAWACHIYA is self-indulgent, dissipated, and morally depraved.
- 尚〃無沙汰之時者、請人相共可致其明候。
- If any such negotiation should fail, I will work together with my guarantors to settle all problems.
- そのため、無投票当選が非常に多かった。
- For that reason, the members of the village council were often selected without an election.
- 尚長には嗣子が無く、結局は改易となった。
- Naonaga had no heir and the family was ultimately deprived of the privilege.
- 継嗣は無く、宮家としては一代で断絶した。
- Since there has been no heir, the Imperial family ended in the first generation.
- 水無瀬親具(本姓高倉)の子樋口信孝が祖。
- The original forefather was Nobutaka HIGUCHI, the child of Chikatomo MINASE (whose legal family name was Takakura).
- 水無瀬親具(本姓高倉)の子堀河康胤が祖。
- The original forefather was Yasutane HORIKAWA, the child of Chikatomo MINASE (whose legal family name was Takakura).
- 定九郎が与市兵衛に声をかけることは無い。
- Sadakuro doesn't speak to Yoichibei.
- 落語家は単純な柄か無柄の和服を着用する。
- A storyteller should wear Japanese clothes with little or no pattern.
- 無生野の大念仏(1995年12月26日)
- Mushono's Dainenbutsu Buddhist chanting (December 26, 1995)
- 一、応重禁制僧俗無故住京及号車宿京舎宅事
- 一,応重禁制僧俗無故住京及号車宿京舎宅事
- 賭博:富籤、無尽(頼母子講)、賽子、花札
- Gambling: lottery (tomikuji), mutual financing association (Tanomoshi-ko), dice, and Japanese playcards (hanafuda)
- 「足利御一家衆」「無御盃衆」と称された。
- It was called 'Ashikaga goikke-shu (troop of head and branch family of Ashikaga)' and 'mugyohai-shu.'
- 国指定の重要無形民俗文化財である人形浄瑠璃
- Ningyo joruri which is an officially-designated significant intangible folk cultural asset
- 1991年重要無形文化財(総合指定)認定。
- In 1991, he was designated as the (general) Important Intangible Cultural Property.
- 1986年重要無形文化財総合指定を受ける。
- In 1986, he was designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Property.
- そんな夫の不甲斐無さを悲しむおさんだった。
- Osan felt sorrow for such shiftless husband.
- 蕨尾からの果無峠には照葉樹林帯が見られる。
- In the section below Warabio of Hatenashi Pass, an evergreen broadleaf forest extends.
- 保存復元工事の後、無料で一般公開している。
- After being reconstructed for preservation, it is open to the public for free.
- 博忠王には王子女が無く、華頂宮家は断絶した。
- Prince Hirotada did not have any children, and Kachonomiya family line ended.
- 水無月祓(みなづきばらい)は能の演目である。
- Minazukibarai is a Noh play.
- 後に二人の無罪が認められ、墓は山陵とされた。
- They were found not guilty later on and their graves were designated as Imperial tombs.
- しかし、3代伊奈忠勝の代で無嗣除封となった。
- However, the third lord, Tadakatsu INA, was deprived of his territory because he had no heir.
- 無尽(むじん)とは日本の金融の一形態である。
- Mujin is one type of Japanese financing.
- 諸国から献上させた薬草を無料で貧民に施した。
- Seyaku-in provided to the poor, without a fee, medicinal plants that had been presented from all over Japan.
- いっぽう品位をもたない親王は無品親王といった。
- On the other hand, imperial princes without court ranks were called Muhon-Shinno (imperial prince without court rank).
- このうちの一家が水無瀬家で明治維新まで続いた。
- One of the families was the Minase family and they continued until the Meiji Restoration.
- 大津皇子は遅れて鈴鹿関に着き、無事に合流した。
- Prince Otsu arrived late at Suzuka no Seki and joined the party successfully.
- このずれは年により変わることは無く一定である。
- This difference does not change from year to year and is constant.
- 繫於金木 吾飼駒當無出兮 吾之駒至今何以為所獲
- 繫於金木 吾飼駒當無出兮 吾之駒至今何以為所獲
- 傷を調べ勘平の無実が晴れるのはそのあとである。
- The wound on his father-in-law is checked and then Kanpei is cleared of suspicion.
- これはマスメディアの発展と無関係とはいえまい。
- This was linked with the development of a mass media.
- しかし泊城にも仙石秀久・杉若無心が攻め寄せた。
- However, Hidehisa SENGOKU and Mushin SUGIWAKA attacked Tomari-jo Castle.
- しかし高見王は平高見を名乗ったと言う記録は無い。
- However, there are no records which attest the fact that Prince Takami called himself TAIRA no Takami.
- 天平19年(747年)、無品から二品に叙される。
- She was appointed from muhon (without a court rank) to nihon (the second court rank for Imperial Princes) in 747.
- 「宝祚の隆えまさむこと、当に天壌と窮り無けむ。」
- The Imperial family will flourish forever as well as heaven and earth.'
- 皇后:春日娘子(かすがのいらつめ、古事記に無し)
- Empress: KASUGA no Iratsume (not mentioned in Kojiki)
- 「凡そ近日の天下武士の外、一日存命の計略無し。」
- Basically, these days in Kyoto, people other than samurai cannot find a way to survive for just one day.
- そして安土城を経て岐阜県へと逃れ、無事であった。
- He fled to Gifu Prefecture through the Azuchi-jo Castle and he was safe.
- 文治5年(1189年)11月19日 親王宣下、無品
- He was titled to be Imperial Prince without a court rank on January 4, 1190.
- そのまま勘平に金が渡されればなんとも無い話である。
- There is not much to the story if he delivers the money to Kanpei directly.
- なお、撮影については無論、宮川一夫の存在が大きい。
- Needless to say, Kazuo MIYAGAWA played a very important role in cinematography.
- 戸無瀬は申し訳なさに小浪ともども自害しようとする。
- Filled with a feeling of regret, Tonose tries to commit suicide with Konami.
- バミー(汁有、無し)、クイティアオ(太麺、細麺等)
- Noodle dishes street stalls sell: Ba-Mee (Egg Noodles, with soup or without soup) and Kway Teow (Rice Noodle, with wide or thin noodles).
- その場で持ち物を調べられたが、荷物の中に笛は無い。
- Kobungo's belongings were searched on the spot but there was no flute.
- 柳本から果無集落への上り坂には石畳が残されている。
- Stone pavement remains on the ascent from Yanamoto to Hatenashi Village.
- 後に親王の無実が判明し、839年に一品が追贈された。
- Later, the Imperial Prince's innocence was proved, and ultimately, in 839, he was given the posthumous rank of Ippon (First Order of an Imperial Prince).
- 弥仁王も同年8月に無事践祚を終え後光厳天皇となった。
- In August 1351, Prince Iyahito became Emperor Gokogon after the ceremony of senso (accession to the throne).
- 依仁親王には、継嗣が無く東伏見宮家は一代で断絶した。
- Imperial Prince Yorihito did not have an heir, therefore, the Higashifushiminomiya family ended in one generation.
- 水無瀬家(みなせけ)は、藤原北家藤原隆家流の堂上家。
- The Minase family fell under the FUJIWARA no Takaie line of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, and was Toshoke.
- また、戸無瀬は中村梅玉 (3代目)、お石が中村魁車。
- Baigyoku NAKAMURA (the third) was good at Tonose and Kaisha NAKAMURA was good at Oishi.
- 無地の白衣もあるが、普通は背の中央に縦に文字が入る。
- There are plain Byakue costumes, but they usually have letters printed on the back.
- 礼服は熨斗目・白帷子、平服は黒縮緬の羽織・無紋の袴。
- Their formal suit was noshime (a kind of kimono)/shiro-katabira (light white hemp garment) and their normal suit was a black crepe haori (Japanese half-coat)/hakama (pleated trousers) with no family crest.
- 本来の表記は「卑(上部の「ノ」が無い)彌呼」である。
- Her name was originally written '卑彌呼' (卑 without 'ノ,' or 'no').
- 鞄は後に近くの畑で見つかり、草案は無事だったという。
- The bag was found later in a nearby field, and the draft papers were still in the bag.
- アヘン戦争の講和条約によって海禁策はほぼ無力化する。
- Because of the ratification of the peace treaty after the Opium War, Kaikin Policy became almost invalid.
- 「無尽」の行為自体に関する法律は現在まで存在しない。
- No laws governing the conduct of 'Mujin' have existed to the present.
- 果無峠の一帯はブナを主とする夏緑林帯の自然林である。
- The area around Hatenashi Pass has a natural summer-green forest of mainly Japanese beech trees.
- 貞観11年(869年)2月、無品から三品に昇叙される。
- In March 869, she was promoted to Sanbon (Third Order) from Muhon (no court rank).
- 弾正尹になったものの位は無く、「無品親王」と言われた。
- Although he became danjoin (President of the Board of Censors), he had no court rank and was called 'Muhon-Shinno' (Imperial Prince without court rank).
- 在位102年は歴代天皇中最長だが、信憑性は皆無である。
- The period of his reign as Emperor was 102 years, which is the longest among the successive Emperors so far, however it is very much unreliable.
- なお、藤原北家流の公家六角家とは、血のつながりは無い。
- There is no blood connection with the court-noble Rokkaku Family of Fujiwara-hokkeryu.
- 江戸時代に水無瀬兼俊の子・桜井兼里によって設立された。
- During the Edo period, the Sakurai family was founded by Kanesato, the son of Kanetoshi MINASE.
- 無形文化財は、文化財保護法によればこう規定されている。
- The Act on Protection of Cultural Properties defines intangible cultural properties as follows.
- これにより、皇后・皇太子は、無事に大和の都に凱旋した。
- After these events, Empress Jingu and her prince returned in glory to the capital city Yamato.
- また付録はあまり無く小型本、実用性を高めたものだった。
- It was also a small-sized book that contained few appendixes with enhanced practicability.
- 悪評を立てられた佐平治は已む無く出奔を余儀なくされた。
- Since Saheiji got a bad reputation, he was forced to run away.
- 軍隊からあぶれてしまえば職も無く、多くが匪賊となった。
- When they were released from army they did not have jobs, and many of them became bandits.
- 但し、非人の子として生まれた者は脱出の機会は無かった。
- However, for the one who was born as a child of Hinin there was no chance of escape.
- 外祖父元方は無念の思いで天暦7年(953年)に病死する。
- His maternal grandfather Motokata was so disappointed and he died of disease in 953.
- 大阪府三島郡島本町の水無瀬神宮に祭神として祀られている。
- The Emperor is enshrined as a deity at Minase-jingu Shrine, Shimamoto-cho Town, Mishima County, Osaka Prefecture.
- その後も新出文書の増加や無年号文書の検討作業が進捗した。
- Thereafter, some documents were newly found and the study of dateless documents made progress.
- 文化庁は選択無形文化財の選択基準を次のように定めている。
- The Agency for the Cultural Affairs provides the selection criteria of the Selected intangible cultural property as follows:
- 無念の死を悼み、現在に至るまで花を手向ける人が絶えない。
- Even at present, many people visit and offer flowers in order to mourn their death.
- 伊勢講が無かった地域では、餞別が旅費の大半を占めていた。
- In areas where iseko was not organized, going-away gifts covered most of the travel expenses.
- ナンセンス時代劇:荒唐無稽さを売り物にした戦前の時代劇。
- Nonsense jidaigeki of the pre-war era, with absurdity as its main selling point.
- この手順を続け、最初に手札を無くした人のいるペアの勝ち。
- When one player hands out the last te-fuda, the game is over; the player who hands out all the te-fuda and the partner are the winner.
- その意味では左團次の源五兵衛の演技の巧さは無類であった。
- From this perspective, Sadanji was superb in playing the role of Gengobei.
- お亀の美貌に目を付け無理強いに屋敷に連れて行こうとする。
- The beauty of Okame catches his attention, and he tries to forcibly take her to his residence.
- 平将門、藤原秀郷の時代、「武士」という呼び方は無かった。
- No 'bushi' was referred to during the time of TAIRA no Masakado and FUJIWARA no Hidesato.
- 残っていた僧侶は逃亡し、根来寺はほぼ無抵抗で制圧された。
- The priests who had stayed there escaped and Negoro-ji Temple was taken with almost no resistance.
- しかし多勢に無勢、やがて金子軍は力尽き金子城は落城した。
- However, the Kaneko side was outnumbered by the enemy, and the soldiers, despite their strength, couldn't outlast the adversary.
- 「無気味な黒船が来て日本だけが神国でないという事を覚った」
- Realizing that Japan was not the only country of god after seeing weird black ships coming to Japan.'
- 光厳天皇の正統としての即位は「無かった」ことになっている。
- The enthronement of Emperor Kogon as orthodoxy was considered to be 'nonexistent.'
- だが、一品親王と皇位継承が結び付けられた例も皆無では無い。
- But, there were cases Ippon Shinno ascended the throne.
- 以降、近年にいたるまで無地の羅に刺繍を加えて代用に当てた。
- Until recently, embroidered plain ra had been used instead of umonra since then.
- そこに聞こえたのは愛児が「南無阿弥陀仏」を唱える声である。
- Then, the voice of the beloved son chanting, 'Namu Amidabutsu' is heard.
- 重味があり、芝居全体を統一する力がないと無理かと思います。
- It is a role with an importance, and the actor must have the ability to unite the entire play.
- しかし、光秀は無言で切り捨て「益なき悪事をすすめる紹巴。」
- However Mitsuhide kills him without saying anything, and says 'Joha tempted me into a useless wrong.'
- 正式には記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の民俗文化財という。
- Officially, they are called intangible folk cultural properties selected for measures such as recording.
- しかし之長は無念の死を遂げ、細川澄元もまた同じ道を歩んだ。
- But he died a sad death, and so did Sumimoto HOSOKAWA.
- こうした変化は武士階級の台頭と無関係ではないと考えられる。
- It is thought that such change was not unrelated to the emergence of samurai class.
- 無礼な行為とそれに対する正当性を立証する証人も必要とされる
- An offensive act had to be proven and a witness to prove it was required.
- 惣無事令の発令は、九州討伐や小田原征伐の大義名分を与えた。
- The issue of sobuji-rei gave justification to Hideyoshi's suppression of Kyushu and Odawara.
- 果無峠の十津川側登山口からすぐの山上(稜線上)にある集落。
- It is a village located on the ridge and it is near one of the entrance of Hatenashi Pass for climbers who climb from the side of Totsu-kawa River.
- 830~1700(年中無休、但し飲食店等は休業の場合あり)
- 8:30 - 17:00 (open throughout the year; restaurants may be closed on certain days)
- そのためには今は無理難題も受け付けておくことの大事さを説く。
- He urged the importance of accepting unreasonable demands now in order to do so.
- 信浄は小笠原氏の一族とする説もあるが、無関係とする説もある。
- There are two theories; one is that Nobukiyo was one of the Ogasawara clan and the other is that Nobukiyo had nothing to do with the clan.
- この戦いは大きな戦闘は無かったのではないか、という説もある。
- According to other accounts, this battle may not have developed into a great battle.
- これに従わない者、強訴を非難・無視する者は放氏処分とされた。
- If a court noble or official went against it, or criticized (or ignored) the goso, he (or she) was purged from the Fujiwara clan.
- 「敦盛さん」という民謡(市の無形民俗文化財)が伝わっている。
- A folk song called 'Atsumori-san' (intangible folk-cultural property designated by the city) has been passed down.
- 織田信長は、寺社の「無縁」性が敵対者の盾となることを嫌った。
- Nobunaga ODA disliked that the idea of 'Muen' of temples and shrines becoming a shield of his enemies.
- 侵攻に対応が遅れた朝鮮軍は連戦連敗や無血撤退・逃散を重ねた。
- The Korean army, which was late to cope with invasion, repeated a succession of defeats and bloodless retreats fleeing in every direction.
- 一説では、大文字屋では無く「呉服問屋・菱屋」と言う話もある。
- Some say that it was not Daimonjiya but 'Gofuku-donya Hishiya.'
- 在位中は後嵯峨上皇が院政が敷き、直接政務を見ることは無かった。
- During his reign he did not in fact control politics since the Retired Emperor Gosaga ruled the cloistered government.
- 記紀によれば、父の大草香皇子が罪無くして安康天皇に誅殺された。
- According to the Kiki, Imperial Prince Okusaka, the biological father of Prince Mayowa was killed by execution as a criminal ('chusatus' in Japanese) despite his innocence; the Emperor Anko was behind this execution.
- 戦後の高度成長期に入ると、衛生上の理由から屋台店が無くなった。
- During the high-growth period after the war, the street stalls selling sushi disappeared due to hygienic reasons.
- 「男伊達の無尽のかけ捨て、ついに引けを取ったことのねえ男だ。」
- I have limitlessly spent my heroic spirits and have never been beaten by anyone.'
- 電子レンジで加熱調理する無菌パック入りの製品も市販されている。
- Products in sterile packages that can be cooked in a microwave oven are also sold commercially.
- 行道という一種のパレードと、滑稽味をおびた無言劇で構成される。
- It is composed of gyodo (moving pageant in which the participants wore masks covering their heads and led by a figure called Chido who cleans the road) and a series of comical pantomime performances.
- 複数のエピソードを無意味に連ねるもので、よくない見本とされる。
- It usually refers to a bad composition formed of several meaningless episodes like a kushi-dango formed of the same dango.
- 2003年、「人形浄瑠璃文楽」として世界無形遺産に指定された。
- Ningyo joruri, Bunraku' was registered as an intangible cultural asset in 2003.
- これを選択無形文化財ともいうが、法律で規定された用語ではない。
- Although such items are commonly called 'selected intangible cultural properties,' the term is not defined by laws.
- だが、妹尾が読み上げる赦免状の中に、なぜか俊寛の名前だけ無い。
- However, only Shunkan's name was not listed in the letter of amnesty.
- アユが寄ってくる光が無いこともあり、アユを捕らえるのは難しい。
- It is more difficult to catch ayu in the daytime, since there is no light to which ayu gather.
- 和歌山と奈良県の境の果無山脈では12月20日のみ現れるという。
- In Hatenashi mountain range which is the boundary of Wakayama Prefecture and Nara Prefecture, it allegedly appears only on December 20.
- ただし現行の辞書に通じるいろは順のみの検索形式はほとんど無い。
- Nevertheless, almost none of them offered a search method based solely on iroha order, a method that was similar to the modern dictionaries.
- 無実の罪で捕らえられる左大臣源信 (公卿)と、嘆き悲しむ女房ら
- Sadaijin (minister of the left) MINAMOTO no Makoto arrested for a crime he had not committed, the grieving women of the palace
- 豊島沖海戦による、日本側の死傷者及び艦船の損害は皆無であった。
- There were no Japanese causalities nor damage at all on the Japanese side in the Battle of Pungdo.
- 百姓は農具だけを持って耕作に励めば、子孫代々まで無事に暮せる。
- If peasants possess agricultural tools alone and engage themselves completely in cultivation, their prosperity will extend to their descendents.
- が、許諾の無い翻案であり、東宝がレオーネらを告訴、勝訴している。
- However, it was adapted without permission so Toho filed suit against LEONE and others, and won the case.
- 辻斬り、辻相撲、辻踊りなど往来での無法・逸脱行為も好んで行った。
- They also found pleasure in engaging in outrageous and deviant behavior on the streets, such as the killing of a passerby in order to test a new sword, sumo wrestling, and dancing.
- 特区認定に関して、地域限定等が無く、その方面でのハードルが低い。
- It is easy to be authorized as the special zones, not limited to a special area, etc.
- 元来、刀身と外装は一体のもので、分けて考えられることは無かった。
- Originally, blade and fittings constitute one unit, and they were not deemed as separate items.
- 水気が無くなってきたら蓋を完全に閉め10分から15分ほど蒸らす。
- When it is almost dry, cover completely and steam for about 10 to 15 minutes.
- 明治時代には、大規模で営業を目的とした無尽業者が発生していった。
- During the Meiji period, large-scale operation-oriented Mujin dealers developed.
- そのためか、新撰組と共同戦線をとったことはあまり無かったらしい。
- For this reason, it is highly unlikely that Shinsengumi and Mimawarigumi had the chance to establish a common front.
- 丹波国丹波柏原藩主であったものの、孫織田信勝のときに無嗣断絶した。
- He was the lord of the Kaibara Domain of Tanba Province, but his grandson Nobukatsu ODA had no children and his family line became extinct.
- 「天皇既に崩りまして、日続(ひつぎ)知らすべき王(みこ)無かりき。
- When the emperor passed away, there was no ruler (child of the emperor) to succeed.
- 死亡した当日に葬ったことと、陵地・陵戸がないことは、他に例が無い。
- There is no other emperor who was brried on the day of his death and who has no imperial property or imperial tomb guard.
- やがて念仏が始まり、狂女の鉦の音と地謡の南無阿弥陀仏が寂しく響く。
- Soon the prayers begin, and the sound of the kyojo's gong and the chorus' Namu Amidabutsu prayer chant for the dead) sadly linger on.
- 船の手綱をたぐりよせ、船を止めようとするが、無情にも船は遠ざかる。
- He pulled the rope of the boat to stop it, but the boat mercilessly left.
- 金銅金具の下に玉虫の羽を入れてあるが、現在では殆ど無くなっている。
- Although wings of tamamushi (jewel beetle) had been pasted below the gilt bronze metals, most of them are lost today.
- 華無の名の由来は「果ての二十日」に人通りが無くなるからだともいう。
- Someone says that the mountain range's name 'Hatenashi' (no end) originated from 'Hate no Hatsuka' on which nobody had gone into the mountains.
- 侍は治兵衛の無礼を戒める為に治兵衛の手首を格子に括り付けてしまう。
- In order to caution Jihe's rudeness, samurai bound Jihe's wrists to a lattice.
- 「春日若宮おん祭の神事芸能」は重要無形民俗文化財に指定されている。
- 'The entertainments performed at the shrine ritual of Kasuga Wakamiya Onmatsuri' has been designated as an important intangible folk cultural property.
- 「兵粮米が無ければ、若い者が片隅で徴発することのどこが悪いのだ。」
- What is wrong with young men requisitioning in one corner when there is no provision of rice for the army?
- 主人が不都合をしでかした家来を斬る場合も無礼討(上意討ち)という。
- When a lord killed his servant(s) who did something disadvantageous with a blade, it was called Bureiuchi (Joiuchi (killing of an offender)).
- 無尽は、貞永式目追加法にも記述があり、鎌倉時代に登場したとされる。
- Mujin is already described in Joeishikimoku Tsuikaho and it is said that it appeared during the Kamakura period.
- 系図である『尊卑分脈』には名前と無位無官であった事だけが残っている。
- In 'Sonpi Bunmyaku,' records of lineage of the aristocracy, only his name and the fact that he had neither court ranks nor official positions were recorded.
- その理由は、記紀神話における「天壌無窮の神勅」に求めることができる。
- The reason for that choice can be found in 'Tenjo Mukyu no Shinchoku' (God's prophecy in eternal heaven and on earth) in the Kojiki, the Nihonshoki and mythology.
- 特に水無瀬兼成(かねなり)とその孫の兼俊(かねとし)がよく知られる。
- Among others, Kanenari MINASE and his grandson Kanetoshi MINASE were well-known.
- 大阪府三島郡 (大阪府)島本町の水無瀬神宮にその作品が残されている。
- Their works are stored in the Minase-jingu Shrine in Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka Prefecture.
- 『古事記』に年次の記述は無いが、文注として一部天皇の没年干支を記す。
- Alothough 'Kojiki' does not contain a chronology, it tells, as an annotation, the Oriental zodiac of the year when some of the emperors died.
- 裁き手の山名宗全は弾正よりで、証拠の密書を火にくべさえする無法ぶり。
- Sozen YAMANA is an outrageous judge who is in favor of Danjo and burns the evidence of a secret letter.
- また、現在の日本では「日本語が野暮」という無意識的な刷り込みがある。
- Also, today's Japanese have an unconscious notion that 'the Japanese language is yabo.'
- 「先刻も人の頭にうどんを掛けたり、下駄を載せたり、無法と言おうか。」
- You dumped noodles over a person's head, placed a clog on a warrior's head, how outrageous.'
- 本蔵と由良之助、戸無瀬とお石との火花を散らす芸の応酬がみものである。
- The highlight of this section is the heated exchange of words between Honzo and Yuranosuke as well as between Tonose and Oishi.
- 栄養成分も味の成分も多く味わいが豊かで、白米の飯には無い旨さがある。
- It has more nutrients and flavor components with rich taste, and there is a wonderful taste that is not found in white rice.
- 無垢(むく)材は広い木端面があればいろいろな木材で接合は可能である。
- Muku pieces can be bonded with various wooden materials if the cross-sectional area is large.
- 材料選びは赤身が弱いものを小寄木(こよせぎ)、強いものを無垢にする。
- For material selection, those with less red color are used for koyosegi (small yosegi), and the strongly red-colored ones are used for muku (solid color).
- 遍路の場合には弘法大師(空海)の宝号「南無大師遍照金剛」が一般的だ。
- For henro (pilgrimage), it is usually 南無大師遍照金剛 'Namu Daishi Henjo Kongo' that is hogo (to chant the name of Kanzeon Bosatsu and bow repeatedly) of Kobo Daishi (Kukai).
- 後の部分には、「しゃんぎり」というこれも無意識で演奏できる曲がある。
- After the Uta, there is a kind of song part called 'Shangiri' where can be also played unconsciously.
- そのため、無礼打ちする方・受ける方双方命懸けで臨まねばならなかった。
- Both the attacker and the attacked one had to fight desperately.
- 2月に京都市仏教会は条例の無効確認を求めた訴えを京都地裁へ起こした。
- In February of that year, the Kyoto City Buddhism Organization filed a suit in the Kyoto district court demanding the affirmation of the invalidity of the ordinance.
- 献策が許されると話し合いで解決しようと朝鮮に渡ったが成果が無かった。
- After their advice was approved, they went over to Korea to solve the problem by negotiation, but failed.
- この舟を旅人も利用できたが、ほとんどの参詣者は果無峠を越えたという。
- Although travelers could use such boats, most pilgrims crossed Hatenashi Pass by foot.
- 観音堂の傍らの第二十番観音像を横目に急な登りをたどり、果無峠に着く。
- Beside Kannon-do, there is the 20th Kannon-zo, after that, the road goes down a steep slope to Hatenashi Pass.
- 朝廷からの攘夷願いを無視できず、幕府は形式的な攘夷命令を諸藩に下す。
- Bakufu could not ignore the Imperial Court's request for the expulsion of foreigners, and superficially it ordered various clans to conduct the above.
- しかし、明治以降も、天皇が直接命令して政治を行うことはあまり無かった。
- However, also in and after the Meiji period, the Emperor rarely ordered directly and practiced politics.
- 楽部の首席楽長、楽長、楽長補、楽師は重要無形文化財保持者に認定される。
- Shuseki gakucho (grand master of music), Gakucho (master of music), Gakuchoho (sub master of music), and Gakushi (musician) are entitled to the holders of Important Intangible Cultural Properties (Living National Treasure).
- 孝長には無期懲役の判決が下され、服役中の昭和3年(1928年)に獄死。
- Takanaga was sentenced to life in prison, and he died in prison in 1928 while he was serving his time.
- 秀吉からは布令無視を詰問されたが、徳川家康らの周旋もあり窮地を脱した。
- Although Hideyoshi questioned Masamune closely about his failure to obey the edicts, Masamune had a narrow escape thanks to the mediation of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 679年頃に甥である草壁皇子と結婚、草壁皇子は即位する事無く早世した。
- Around 679, she got married to her nephew, Kusakabe no miko, but he died young before enthronement.
- 無一文で出かけた子供が、銀を持って帰ってきたといった事もあったという。
- A child who had left with no money reportedly came home with silver.
- 江戸前の寿司において、鮪の赤身はそのままで、食べられることは無かった。
- In Edo-style sushi, red flesh of tuna was never eaten as they were.
- 餡の占める量が多い割りに、くどさが無くすっきりした味わいとなっている。
- Although its part of 'an' (sweet paste usually made from red azuki beans) is larger than the part of the skin, it is not too heavy, rather plain.
- 乳飲み子も幸兵衛が持って居た水天宮の碇の額で水を飲まずに無事であった。
- The unweaned child was prevented from drinking water by the anchor plaque of the Suiten-gu Shrine which Kobei was carrying with him, and was safe..
- 故に国人が配下の庶家や土豪の意向を無視することはできなかったのである。
- Kokujin were therefore unable to neglect the intentions of their branch families and Dogo.
- 日本政府には、列強三か国に対抗する力は無かったため、これを受け入れた。
- The Japanese government reluctantly agreed to the intervention, as it had no power to militarily resist the three major European powers.
- 幕府などの公権力の統制を無視して海上で独立した軍事力と権力をふるった。
- They exercised their independent military force and their own power, ignoring public power including that of the bakufu.
- しかし、実務自体はほとんど無くなっており、形式的な職位に過ぎなかった。
- But the administrator lost all content and became merely a pro-forma rank.
- また福島正則は広島城無断修築を咎められた幕法違反により改易されている。
- Also, Masanori FUKUSHIMA was subjected to kaieki for violation of the Shogunate law when he tried to repair Hiroshima-jo Castle without permission.
- 神武天皇4年、天下を平定し海内無事を以て詔し、鳥見山に皇祖天神を祀った。
- In 657 B.C., he conquered the whole country, 海内無事を以て詔し, enshrined Mioya no Amatsu Kami in Mt. Tomiyama.
- 禁中法度を無視し宮中に遊女を招きいれたり、遊郭にまでおしのびで出かけた。
- He would invite prostitutes to the palace, although it was against Kinchu Hatto (a regulation within the Imperial Palace), and he would secretly go to Yukaku (a red-light district) and carry on affairs with prostitutes.
- その後、山崎・水無瀬にも閑居し、在原業平・紀有常らと交流したといわれる。
- Later on it is said that he also lived in retirement in Yamazaki and Minase, where he socialized with ARIWARA no Narihira and KI no Aritsune.
- なお、村上源氏の源通具から始まる堀川家(室町時代に断絶)との関係は無い。
- They were not related to the Horikawa family founded by MINAMOTO no Michitomo of the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) (that ended during the Muromachi period).
- 即位が69歳と遅く、在位が3年余りと短いため、あまり主立った事績は無い。
- Since he ascended the throne at the age of 69, and reigned for a short period of three years or more, he didn't have major achievements.
- 無実を訴えるため絶食して淡路国に配流の途中、河内国高瀬橋付近で憤死した。
- He fasted to plead his innocence, but he ended up dying in a fit of anger or indignation around Takase-bashi Bridge, Kawachi Province, on the way to be exiled to Awaji Province.
- 上方では同志が与市兵衛の傷を改めている間、勘平の無実が晴れる寸前に行う。
- In Kamigata, Kanpei thrusts a sword while his comrades are checking the wound, in other words, immediately before Kanpei is cleared of suspicion.
- また、お祈りするときには、南無達磨娑婆訶(なむだもそわか)と三回唱える。
- In praying, 'namu-damo-sowaka' is recited three times.
- 都道府県や市町村も、同様に「無形民俗文化財」として指定をおこなっている。
- Prefectural governments and local municipalities also designate 'intangible folk-cultural properties.'
- また、『寿限無』の元になる話を作ったのが初代の彦八であると言われている。
- It is said to have been the first Hikohachi who made the original story of 'Jugemu' (a well-known rakugo program).
- そのため、弥助が寿司を握ったり客が店で飲食いしたりするようなことは無い。
- Thus, Yasuke does not make sushi nor customers eat and drink at the store.
- 藤原吉子・伊予親王母子が処罰され2人は自殺したが、後に無罪が認められた。
- FUJIWARA no Yoshiko and her son Imperial Prince Iyo were punished and they committed suicide, but they were found not guilty later on.
- 『明衡往来』に代表される実際に用いられる形式の書簡を無造作に集めたもの。
- The first group of koorai includes books with letters, which are in forms of practical use, collected without any particular purpose, such as 'Meigo Orai.'
- 佐平治が咎めたのにもかかわらず、町人は無視してそのまま立ち去ろうとした。
- Saheiji reproached the townsman, who tried to leave, ignoring Saheiji.
- 平安時代中期までは現在想像されるような「家」という概念はあまり無かった。
- There was no notion of 'house' that is imagined in modern days until the mid-Heian period.
- 中世において、寺社は朝廷も幕府も無断で立ち入ることができない聖域だった。
- In the medieval times, temples and shrines were sanctuaries into which neither Imperial Court nor bakufu could enter.
- 、幕府の無策に憤って大坂町奉行所の元与力大塩平八郎が大坂で武装蜂起した。
- In 1837, Heihachiro OSHIO, a former police sergeant (yoriki) of the magistrate's office of Osaka, became indignant at the do-nothing government and conducted an armed uprising in Osaka.
- それに対し、771年の渤海使は上表文が無礼であることを日本に非難された。
- In reaction to this, Japan criticized the envoy sent in 771 for giving an impolite johyobun (memorial to the emperor).
- それに対して、それより小規模な本城は無名の小城という設定での撮影が多い。
- On the other hand Hikone-jo Castle is often used for setting as unknown smaller castles.
- 逃亡の際、家宝の旗・楯無鎧を塩山(甲州市)の寺社に隠し、難を逃れさせた。
- Katsuyori hid family treasures (a suit of armor called 'tatenashi yoroi' and a flag) in a temple in Enzan (in Koshu City) to protect them from damage.
- 恒貞親王は事件とは無関係としながらも責任を取らせるために皇太子を廃した。
- Furthermore, although saying that the Crown Prince Tsunesada had nothing to do with the incident, the emperor fired the crown prince so as to put the responsibility on him.
- 果無山脈は遺産にも緩衝地帯にもあたらないが、熊野古道から容易に眺望しうる
- The Hatenashi mountain range is neither a world heritage nor a buffering zone, but Kumano-kodo Road has an easy view of the Hatenashi mountain range.
- 内閣総理大臣、ついで大使、公使の首席が奉答の辞を述べ、聖寿の無疆を祝した。
- The prime minister, ambassador and chief minister-counselor replied to the Emperor and celebrated the eternity of life.
- しかし毛人は無意識下でしか超能力を引き出せず、自分の能力を自覚していない。
- However, Emishi did not recognize his own supernatural power, because he only could bring out his power while he was unconscious.
- 血痕を辿って行くと、かつて元興寺で働いていた無頼な下男の墓まで続いていた。
- When bloodstains were followed, they led to a grave of a rascal manservant who once worked at Gango-ji Temple.
- 「歴三事、古今更無此例、誠是家之余慶也」(『山槐記』元暦元年9月18日条)
- This is an unprecedented event and a great pleasure for the family' ('Sankaiki' - The Diary by Tadachika NAKAYAMA) dated eighteenth day, ninth month of the first year of Genryaku era).
- 林業資源として、植生を無視してスギばかりを植林した弊害と指摘する説もある。
- There is also a theory that, due to its role as an important source of timber, the practice exists of planting large numbers of Japanese cedar trees without any regard for the ecosystem.
- 一方、武士や町人に対しても農民ほどの厳格さは無くても同様の規制が行われた。
- Meanwhile, the same kind of regulation was applied to samurai and townspeople, although they were not as severe as with farmers.
- 主従関係に基づく無礼討ちでは主人が有する家臣への処罰権の行使と考えられた。
- Bureiuchi, which was based on the relationship between a lord and his vassals, was regarded as conducting a lord's punishment right to his vassals.
- しかし既に農民軍は撤収しており天津条約上でも日本軍の派兵理由は無くなった。
- However the armed peasants had withdrawn, and the reason of the dispatch of Japanese troops based on Treaty of Tianjin had disappeared.
- 秀忠は昌幸の嫡男・真田信之に命じて、まずは無難に昌幸に対して開城を求める。
- Hidetada ordered Nobuyuki SANADA, Masayuki's legitimate son, to innocuously ask Masayuki to surrender the castle.
- 1422年(応永29年) 美濃国国司が大山崎商人に不破関の無料通行を許す。
- 1422: The Kokushi (provincial governor) in Mino Province allowed the merchants from Oyamazaki to pass through the Fuwa-no-seki (Fuwa checkpoint) for free.
- 末川記念会館(京都地方裁判所から移築した「陪審法廷」が無料公開されている)
- Suekawa Memorial Hall ('a courtroom with jury seats,' relocated from Kyoto District Court is exhibited for free)
- 後嗣が無かったため、孝仁親王の妃で愛仁親王の生母の鷹司吉子が当主格とされた。
- Since there was no one to succeed the family, Yoshiko TAKATSUKASA, Imperial Prince Takahito's Empress, (Imperial Prince Naruhito's birth mother), was decided to become the head of the family.
- そこへ本蔵の妻戸無瀬と娘小浪が出てきて、殿の奥方までも知っていると心配する。
- Then, Honzo's wife, Tonase, and his daughter, Konami, appear and they worry that the master's wife already knows about it.
- 50年近くも経ってようやく上演されても無害と考えられるようになったのである。
- Nearly 50 years passed before showing of this play was regarded as harmless.
- この演技はすべて仮面をつけておこなわれ、無言のパントマイムと舞で構成される。
- The performance is presented as dances and pantmime without any dialogue, played by the actors all wearing masks.
- そしてせんべいがなくなったら、ぱっと手を開き、無くなったことをアピールする。
- Once you finish giving out all the senbei, open your hands to show that you have no more senbei.
- 狂言も佳境に入ったときに酒に酔った白柄組らが狼藉を働いて舞台を台無しにする。
- When the play is reaching the most interesting part, members of Shiratsuka-gumi go on the drunken rampage and ruined the play.
- 一人残された源五兵衛は、孤独と無力感に苛まれつつ切腹の用意をするのであった。
- Gengobei, now all by himself, is filled with loneliness and hopelessness, and prepares to commit seppuku.
- この規定により文化庁長官によって選択されたものを、選択無形民俗文化財という。
- What was selected by the director-general of the Agency for Cultural Affairs according to this regulation is called selected intangible properties of folk culture.
- だが、社会問題の深刻化は度重なる新制の効力を無力化させて、衰退をもたらした。
- However, social problems that were becoming more serious disabled the effect of the series of shinsei and brought about its decline.
- そのため最終的には興福寺側からのどのような無理な要求でも罷り通ったのである。
- Therefore, Kofuku-ji Temple had its own way in the end, whatever unreasonable demands they might make.
- 剣璽のない異例の践祚だったが、経宗が次第を作成して儀式は無事に執り行われた。
- It was an exceptional accession with no Kenji (ceremony for imperial succession) but Tsunemune set up the order of the ceremony and the ceremony was conducted without any trouble.
- しかし義昭に信長に逆らう実力があるはずも無く、これも承認せざるを得なかった。
- Incapable of retaliating against Nobunaga, Yoshiaki was forced to accept the Articles.
- 運慶 : 弥勒仏像、無著・世親像(興福寺北円堂) 大日如来像(円成寺多宝塔)
- Unkei: The statue of Miroku Butsu, the statues of Muchaku and Seshin - these three are enshrined in Hokuen-do Hall of Kofuku-ji Temple - and the statue of Dainichi Nyorai (Cosmic Buddha) enshrined in Tahoto pagoda (the multi-treasure pagoda) of Enjo-ji Temple
- 無尽から発展したものとしては、現在の第二地方銀行、消費者金融に多く見られる。
- For those developed from Mujin, there are many organizations in current secondary regional banks and consumer loans.
- 果無集落を通り抜け、集落のすぐ上部で西国三十三箇所第三十番の観音像に出会う。
- The road passes through Hatenashi Village and immediately above the village it reaches the 30th Kannon-zo (a statue of Kannon) of Saigoku Sanjusan-sho.
- 七重八重花は咲けども山吹の実の一つだに無きぞあやしき (後拾遺和歌集1154)
- The meaning of the waka poem: Although Japanese roses bloom seven and eightfold of flowers, they never bear even a single fruit, that is a funny thing to understand. (Goshui wakashu #1154)
- このとき天皇は無端事(なぞなぞ)を問うので正しく答えれば褒美を与えると言った。
- On this occasion, the emperor said that he would reward anyone who solved a riddle he made up.
- 嗣子無く没したため、霊元天皇第17皇子の有栖川宮職仁親王が有栖川宮を相続した。
- He passed away and had no heir so Imperial Prince Arisugawa-no-miya Yorihito, the 17th son of the Emperor Reigen, succeeded to the Arisugawa-no-Miya family.
- 地域的な利用差がある状況は、第二次世界大戦終結まで基本的には変化が無く続いた。
- Although use of whale meat was dependent on areas, the situations remained basically unchanged until the end of World War II.
- そこは昔、在原業平とその妻が住んでいた所だったが、今はもうその面影は無かった。
- This was where ARIWARA no Narihira and his wife used to live, but now there is no trace of those times.
- 戦後は六代目中村歌右衛門の戸無瀬、尾上梅幸 (7代目)のお石が素晴らしかった。
- Among the actors of post-war period, Utaemon NAKAMURA the sixth, who played the role of Tonose, and Baiko ONOE (the seventh), who played Oishi, were superb.
- 広義では、人類の文化的活動によって生み出された無形の文化的所産全般を意味する。
- generally means intangible cultural products produced by human cultural activities in a broad sense.
- 半分を残して鞄などにしまっても、鹿は匂いでまだ残っている事に気付くので無意味。
- As deer can smell out any piece of senbei left in your bag, you have to give them all.
- が、宗派によって「南無阿弥陀仏」「南無妙法蓮華経」のものを着用する場合もある。
- Sometimes depending on the sect, 南無阿弥陀仏 'Namu Amida Buddha' or 南無妙法蓮華経 'Nam-myoho-renge-kyo' is used.
- 持ち場に戻れと怒鳴る武時めがけて、愛想を尽かした味方達の中から無数の矢が飛ぶ。
- Hundreds of arrows were shot at Taketoki, yelling to get back to the position, by his own men who gave up on him.
- 長門本「平家物語」巻8、無住の「雑談集」に見えるから鎌倉時代には流布していた。
- As it appears in volume eight of the Nagato Printing 'Heike Monogatari' and 'Zotanshu' written by Muju, this book was already in circulation in the Kamakura period.
- 無論、備単位で作戦行動が行われる事もあるので総てが一手部隊に属する訳ではない。
- Of course, in some cases the tactical actions were executed by single sonae units, and not all of them necessarily belong to one te unit.
- 社研という単なる学生の思想研究団体にこの法を適用するのは無理があったとされる。
- Therefore, applying this Law to Shaken, which was only a students' ideological group, was deemed too strict.
- また、那珂通世は卑弥呼は九州の女酋であり朝廷や神功皇后とは無関係であるとする。
- Michiyo NAKA maintained that Himiko was a female chief of Kyushu, and had nothing to do with the Imperial Court or Empress Jingu.
- 果無峠を越える道は参詣者だけでなく、地元の人々の生活道路としても使われていた。
- The section of Hatenashi Pass was used not only by pilgrims but also by local people as community road.
- 公家・武家の別や能力の有無に関わりなく人材を登用したため、行政は混乱を極めた。
- Because talented men were appointed to office without regard to class differences between nobles and samurai or the presence or absence of specific abilities, the administration fell into extreme chaos.
- 明治維新による女院号廃止のため院号宣下は無かったが、国母として相応に厚遇された。
- There was no imperial letter issued to permit use of 'In' title because nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing) was abolished due to the Meiji restoration, but she was kindly treated as kokumo (mother of Emperor) accordingly.
- 下地車にある前梃子は無く、周りを「担い棒」と呼ばれる木の梁で囲っているのが特徴。
- There is no front lever, which is found in shimo danjiri, and it features wooden beams called 'ninaibo' (shoulder carrying poles) that surround it.
- 特に、文化財保護法第2条第1項第2号において規定された「無形文化財」を意味する。
- In particular, it means 'intangible cultural properties' provided by Article 2, Paragraph 1, Item (2) of the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties.
- 夜盲症で目が見えない惣太は手探りで少年の懐の大金を知り、已む無く少年を絞殺する。
- When night-blind Sota is groping around, he notices the boy carrying a large sum of money in his bosom, which makes him to decide to choke him to death.
- 中国国民党は石鼓の台北輸送を断念して逃亡し、石鼓は無傷で中国共産党の手に渡った。
- The Kuomintang Party (Chinese Nationalist Party) gave up their transportation of sekko to Taipei and ran away and sekko was received by the Communist Party of China without any damage.
- そんな中、勘当されている息子の権太が父親の目を盗んで訪れ、母に無心をして出行く。
- Meanwhile, a disinherited son Gonta visits his mother when his father is not home and takes some money from her.
- その様な複雑な陣形を無理に維持する事は機動力を失わせる事になり、現実的ではない。
- Forcefully maintaining such a complex battle formation would lead to a loss of mobility, and it would not be realistic.
- 古代・中世の日本では無官の者を救済する施策として正式な制度として導入されていた。
- In ancient and medieval Japan, the baikan system was introduced as an official system to rescue courtiers without posts.
- 細川高国軍は、主力として鳥羽から鷺の森辺まで川沿いに隙間無く一文字に陣をしいた。
- The army of Takakuni HOSOKAWA deployed their main force in a line along the river from Toba to Saginomori leaving no space between soldieres.
- 久扶は再興軍に参加することなく、吉川元春に起請文を提出して異心無きことを示した。
- Hisasuke did not participate in the restoration army, and presented written vows to Motoharu KIKKAWA to show that he harbored no treacherous designs.
- 惣無事令(そうぶじれい)とは、豊臣秀吉が出した、大名間の私闘を禁じた法令である。
- Sobuji-rei was an edict that prohibited duels between daimyo (feudal lords), issued by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- 逆に徳川家康は、残党狩りの命を無視し、先述のように武田の遺臣たちを密かに匿った。
- Contrarily, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA ignored the order to hunt down the remnants, and hid surviving retainers of the Takeda clan in secret as mentioned above.
- 平人が無礼などを理由に非人を7人殺すと、平人1名を殺したのと同等の罪に問われた。
- For a Heijin, the crime of killing one Heijin was equal to killing seven Hinins because of impertinence.
- 大坂の役以後、戦争が無くなると、世嗣断絶と幕法違反による改易が主なものとなった。
- During the war-free period after the Siege of Osaka, kaieki was mainly applied as punishments for the extinction of a family line or breach of the Shogunate law.
- 親王には継嗣となる王子が無かったため、山階宮晃親王の王子山階宮菊麿王を養子とした。
- Because the Imperial Prince did not have a prince to succeed him, he adopted Prince Yamashinanomiya Kikumaro, a prince of Imperial Prince Yamashinanomiya Akira.
- 平城天皇即位後、大同 (日本)3年(808年)11月に無位から正五位に叙位された。
- After the enthronement of Emperor Heizei, she was promoted from the mui (no Court rank) to the Shogoi (Senior Fifth Rank) in November 808.
- その後、隆家は京に戻り、次男藤原経輔は正二位大納言となり、水無瀬大納言と呼ばれた。
- Later, Takaie returned to Kyoto, whereas his second son FUJIWARA no Tsunesuke became Shonii (Senior Second Rank), Dainagon (Major Counselor) and was called 'Minase Dainagon.'
- この御世に竺紫君石井(いはい)、天皇の命(みこと)に従わずして、多くの禮無かりき。
- In his reign, Tsukushi no Kimi Iwai often behaved disrespectfully to the word of the emperor.
- 日本の民俗文化財は民俗文化財有形民俗文化財と民俗文化財無形民俗文化財に大別される。
- Folk-cultural properties in Japan are roughly categorized into folk-cultural properties tangible folk-cultural properties and folk-cultural properties intangible folk-cultural properties.
- 回りは一面山で道路や照明が無く、明かりは篝火、ろうそくのみの漆黒の舞台で行われる。
- As the river is surrounded by mountains and there are no roads or lightings, ukai is conducted in the dark using only the light of kagaribi and candles.
- また従来ほとんど例が無かった宮中の儀式・習慣・故実を題材とした点でも知られている。
- It is also known as the first-ever utaawase in which ceremonies, customs and historical events at the Imperial Court were used as subject matter.
- 租穀は1段につき3斗(6束に相当)が基準とされたが、実際の賦課は一定では無かった。
- Although the standard amount of sokoku was santo (about fifty-four liters) (equivalent to six sheaves), the actual imposed amount was not constant.
- 辻斬(つじぎり)とは、主に江戸時代に武士が街中などで無差別に通行人を刀で斬ること。
- Tsujigiri stands for the action of a samurai who indiscriminately kills a passers-by with his blade on the street and was observed most frequently during the Edo period.
- 平家の落人の伝承という「久連子古代踊り」があり、国選択無形民俗文化財となっている。
- 'Kureko Kodai Odori, ' which is believed to be the oral tradition of Heike no Ochudo, has been passed down here and it is now designated as a nationally selected intangible folk-cultural property.
- しかし、その最後の当主である塩谷温綱に子が無かったため、直系は明治時代に断絶する。
- However, the last family head, Harutsuna SHIONOYA, had no child and thus the direct line discontinued during the Meiji period.
- しかし織田信長の決意に変更は無く、まず荒木一族と重臣の36名が妙顕寺に移送された。
- However, Nobunaga ODA did not change his decision and 36 persons from Araki family and senior vassals were sent to Myoken-ji Temple.
- 19世紀に入ると、ヨーロッパの進んだ海軍力に対して清の水軍はほとんど無力であった。
- In the nineteenth century, the Qing's navy was almost useless against advanced navies of European nations.
- 2005年1月、関西電力は果無山脈に風力発電のための風車を建設する計画を発表した。
- In January 2005, The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. announced the plan to construct wind turbines on the Hatenashi mountain range to generate wind power
- 同年4月11日には江戸城が無傷で開城されるなど、注目が大坂から江戸に移っていった。
- During April 11 the same year, events like the opening of Edo castle, that went off without a hitch, grabbed attention from Osaka to Edo.
- ところが、高句麗は無道にも百済の征服をはかり、辺境をかすめおかし、殺戮をやめません。
- However, Goguryeo unreasonably tried to conquer Baekje, snatches the bordering regions, and didn't stop the slaughter.
- 若死したため子は無く、皇位を巡って鳥羽と崇徳天皇が対立したことから保元の乱が起こる。
- Because the Emperor died young, he did not have any children, and the Hogen War occurred in the result of fighting for Imperial succession between Emperor Toba and Emperor Sutoku.
- 勿論政務が執れるわけも無く、摂政・近衛基実(育子の兄)と邦綱が表向きを取り仕切った。
- There was no way the young Emperor was able to rule the government, the regent, Motozane KONOE (Ikushi's older brother) and Kunitsuna officially took control of politics.
- この無理な処置は少しでも長く院政の権栄を享受したいがためであろう。」と考察している。
- These unnatural measures were organized for the continuation of power by ruling the cloistered government for the longest possible time.'
- 廃嫡された忠隆は、京都で謹慎蟄居して長岡休無と号して祖父・細川幽斎の許に身を寄せた。
- Disinherited Tadataka stayed at his grand father Yusai HOSOKAWA, and was at Kinshin Chikkyo (being placed in confinement at home) in Kyoto, naming himself Kyumu NAGAOKA.
- 昇殿許可の無い地下人でも、幅の狭い細纓(さいえい)を同じく内側に巻き上げて着用した。
- Jigejin, those who were not allowed to access to the Court, also wore Court caps with saiei (narrow ei) rolled up inward.
- 寛永期頃から江戸に現れる旗本奴・町奴といった無頼集団も、かぶき者の一類型と見られる。
- Groups of ruffians called hatamoto-yakko and machi-yakko, appearing in the city of Edo from around the Kanei era, were supposedly types of Kabuki-mono.
- やがて衣笠元信達小寺の家臣によって鉄山一味は討たれ、姫路城は無事、則職の元に返った。
- Before long, Tetsuzan and his followers were destroyed by Odera's vassals such as Motonobu KINUGASA, and Himeji-jo Castle was safely returned to Norimoto.
- 阿部源一(第5回会議のみ欠席。祝日化は望ましくない。強いて挙げるなら1月1日が無難)
- Genichi ABE (He was absent only from the fifth meeting. It is not desirable to make it a national holiday. If a day must be chosen, January 1 is innocuous.)
- 「記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の民俗文化財の選択基準」が次のとおり規定されている。
- The selection criteria for intangible folk cultural properties selected for measures such as recording is stipulated as follows.
- 第二に中世以来の「無縁」概念(都市をアジールとする考え)との関連性も指摘されている。
- Secondly, it is also pointed out that jishi menkyo had a connection with the concept from the medieval ages that the town was the 'asylum' (the area on which the political power could not exert its sovereignty).
- 近世において武士が町人・百姓らから耐え難い無礼を受けた時は、斬殺しても処罰されない。
- In modern ages, when a warrior put townspeople or farmers to a sword because he was unbearably insulted by them, he was not punished.
- 頼みとする秀吉の後援を喪失したため、毛利の大軍に攻囲された上月城の尼子軍は孤立無援。
- The Amago army in Kozuki-jo Castle, which had been besieged by the massive forces of the Mori clan, became isolated and helpless because they lost any remaining hope of Hideyoshi's support.
- 後醍醐は再三帰洛命令を出すが尊氏は無視し、義貞を非難する文書を送り返すだけであった。
- Although the Emperor Godaigo repeatedly ordered Takauji to return to Kyoto, Takauji ignored it and just sent a document criticizing Yoshisada back to him.
- 未だ建設途上の大坂の町は全く無防備で、人々は紀州勢の破壊を恐れて自ら家宅に放火した。
- The town of Osaka which was under construction was totally undefended, so that people put fire to their houses, fearing the destruction by the Kishu army.
- 父王の好仁親王は明子女王の生まれた寛永15年(1638年)に、男子の無いまま薨去した。
- His father, Imperial Prince Yoshihito passed away without having a son in 1638 when Princess Akiko was born.
- なお自動車評論家の「徳大寺有恒」はペンネームであり、本項の徳大寺家とは全く関係が無い。
- Incidentally, 'Aritsune TOKUDAIJI,' the pen name of an automotive critic, has nothing to do with the House of Tokudaiji described on this page.
- 戸無瀬親子が大星宅を訪れる時、下女りんが応対しとんちんかんなやりとりで観客を笑わせる。
- When Tonose and her daughter visit Oboshi's house, a maid servant Rin answers, and she makes the audience laugh with a silly, comical conversation.
- 八柱第二本は褚遂良の臨摸ともされていたが、現在は北宋の無名の人の臨摸と推測されている。
- The Hacchu-daiini-bon, which used to be considered by some to be written by Cho Suiryo following the model, is currently presumed to have been written by an unknown person during the period of Baisong Dynasty following the model.
- また、新たに重要無形民俗文化財の指定制度が設けられるなど、民俗文化財制度が整備された。
- In addition, a new designation system for 'important intangible folk-cultural properties' was introduced to complement the folk-cultural properties system.
- 俊寛は子供のように足摺りして涙ながらに船を止めようとするが、無情にも船は消えてしまう。
- Shunkan stamped the ground with tears like a child, but the boat was cruelly gone.
- 「若い女が巫女のようななりをして、水無月祓いに茅の輪をくぐれとすすめている」と答える。
- The man answers, 'A young woman dressed like a shrine maiden invites visitors to try chinowa-kuguri (passing through a hoop made of kaya grass [plants of sedge family]) at Minazuki Harai festival.'
- 叛乱勢力であり親王任国の慣習を守る必要は無いのだが、伝統として定着していたのであろう。
- Being a rebel, he was not obliged to observe the custom of Shinno-ningoku, but it seems this custom took root as a tradition.
- さらに、鎌倉時代前期には、受領支配が有名無実化したため、受領の解由状も消滅していった。
- Furthermore, in the first half of the Kamakura period, control by zuryo became existent in name only and geyujo for zuryo went out of existence as well.
- 日本軍の猛勢に恐れをなした清国軍は我先にと逃走を図り、日本軍は九連城を無血で制圧する。
- The Qing solders scared of the enormous power of the Japanese troops rushed to escape, and as the result, the Japanese troops brought Jiuliancheng under their control without bloodshed.
- 八戸藩 - 藩主・南部信順が島津氏の血縁ということもあり、沙汰無しとなったと言われる。
- Hachinohe Domain: no punishment is said to have been given since Nobuyuki NANBU, the lord of the domain, was kin of the Shimazu clan.
- なお、2005年12月に無所属議員らによって新会派・市民フォーラム・舞鶴が結成された。
- Independent assembly members formed a new faction, the People's Forum Maizuru, in December 2005.
- 1200年(正治2年) 藤原定家が水無瀬離宮への道中の途中で山崎の油売り小屋に泊まる。
- 1200: FUJIWARA no Sadaie stayed at the oil seller's hut in Yamazaki on the way to the Minase-rikyu (Minase Imperial Villa).
- 4代の新田政義は、京都大番役での上京中に幕府に無断で出家した罪で御家人役を剥奪される。
- The fourth family head, Masayoshi NITTA was deprived of an office of gokenin because of a charge that he became a priest without prior consent of the bakufu during his stay in Kyoto as the Kyoto obanyaku (a job to guard Kyoto).
- 『太平記』によると、武芸を好み、日頃から自ら鍛練を積む極めて例が無い座主であったという。
- According to 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace), he favored military art, and kept himself trained as a usual behavior, which was rare for a Tendai-zasu.
- 尚、阿閇臣国見は、讒言が誤りだと判明した後、伊勢神宮では無く、石上神宮に逃げ込んでいる。
- After the slander was proven to be false, Ahe no omi fled into the Isonokami-jingu Shrine, not the Ise-jingu Shrine.
- 清和天皇(嵯峨天皇の曾孫)の治世になった貞観5年(863年)正月19日、無品のまま薨去。
- On February 14, 863, she passed away during the reign of Emperor Seiwa (great-grandchild of Emperor Saga), and she was muhon (without a court rank) at that time.
- 『日本三代実録』の死亡記事には「他に才能無し」と記されており、凡庸な人物であったようだ。
- According to the article of death in 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' (sixth of the six classical Japanese history texts), he had no other remarkable talent: he was a mediocre person.
- 陰陽道を始源とするとも、中国起源を持つとも言われるが両者共に明確な経緯を示す資料は無い。
- There are different theories that it originated in the Way of Yin and Yang or it came from China, but there are no written materials to show the exact history of how it started.
- 「内裏式」には、「褰帳命婦二人、内親王以下三位已上為之、若無者王氏四位五位亦得」とある。
- It is described in 'Dairi-shiki' as 'two of kencho no myobu,' 'Naishin-nou 以下 sanmi 已上為之' and '若無者王氏 shii goi yakutoku.'
- こうした政治的主体性の欠如した統治機構を、政治学者の丸山眞男は「無責任の体系」と呼んだ。
- A scholar of Political Science, Masao MARUYAMA called this type of governing structure without the main political constituent as 'Musekinin-no-taikei' (a system of irresponsibility).
- 軍部が天皇直隷を盾に独走・政府無視を続けて、もはや統制できない状況になるケースもあった。
- When the military was running away and ignoring the government using their position of being directly under the Emperor as a shield, the government had trouble regulating them.
- 新兵衛は、助六(曾我五郎時致)が無法な喧嘩三昧の日々を送っていることを指摘し、いさめた。
- Shinbei scolds Sukeroku, who is Shinbei's younger brother SOGA no Goro Tokimune, for doing nothing everyday, but outrageous fighting.
- 左官の長兵衛は、腕は立つのだが、無類のばくち好きが高じて、仕事もせずに借金を抱えている。
- Chobei was a skilled plasterer, but he didn't work and was in debt because he hooked on gambles.
- これは、院政が摂関家を牽制するため、受領層を主な支持基盤としていたこととも無縁ではない。
- This is not completely unrelated as the cloistered government used the class of zuryo (the head of the provincial governors) as its main support base in order to supervise the sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents).
- 朝鮮王朝は義澄の提案を受け入れ新符10枚が発給され、これにより散逸した旧符は無効となる。
- The Yi-Dynasty accepted Yoshizumi's requirement and issued new set of ten Gafu, whereby the scattered old Gafu were invalidated.
- いわゆる温泉街は無く、町の中を大峯山への参道が通り、両側に2階建の旅館が立ち並んでいる。
- There isn't so-called hot spring town across the town, but there is a sando (an approach to a shrine) leading to Omine mountain range, and two storied Japanese Inns are lined along the both sides of sando.
- ただし、両者に法的な身分差は無く、律令法においては太上法皇も太上天皇に含まれることになる。
- However, there is no legal class difference between the two and, in the Ritsuryo law system, Daijo Hoo is included in Daijo Tenno.
- 譲位後の元慶3年(879年)、突然出家して無理な断食修行を行った末に病死したとされている。
- It is said that when Emperor Seiwa abdicated from the Imperial Throne in 879 and suddenly became a priest, he started an impossible fast but died due to his illness.
- だが、当時皇位にあった後醍醐天皇は幕府の裁定そのものの無効を主張して譲位には応じなかった。
- But the Emperor Godaigo who was in power at that period did not accept abdicating his position and insisted the Kamakura bakufu's settlement was invalid.
- 学習院初等科入学に際し、おかっぱに伸ばしていた髪を無断で刈られ数日間ふさぎこんでしまった。
- When he had his bobbed hair trimmed without notice to enter Gakushuin Primary School, he was shocked so deeply that he fell into a melancholy mood for several days.
- また、(機能美までに至らない)実用性の重視、ブランドへの無批判な信仰と依存も野暮といえる。
- Also, an emphasis on practicality (which stops short of functional beauty), together with uncritical faith in and dependence on brand can be considered yabo.
- 越中褌の愛好家は他の下着には無い、独特の軽い着装感から愛好している例が多いと言われている。
- It is said that there are many instances in which the fanciers of Ecchu fundoshi love Ecchu fundoshi because of the unique light feeling of wearing that no other undergarments have.
- 演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの
- Arts and skills employed in drama, music and applied arts, and other intangible cultural products which possess a high historical and/or artistic value in and for this country.
- そういう地域では、極端な前屈姿勢での食事も必ずしも無作法というわけではない場合も見られる。
- In these regions, eating in an extreme stooped position is not always considered to be bad manners.
- 特に、無骨一辺倒の中年武士が恋に落ちる様を新内のチョボを採用することで効果があがっている。
- It is especially effective that a chobo of shinnai is used to portray how a clumsy middle-aged warrior falls in love.
- 摂関期の平等院鳳凰堂のほか、藤原秀衡が平泉に創建した無量光院跡にも同様の仏堂が建てられた。
- On top of the Hoo-do Hall of the Byodo-in Temple during the Sekkan period, similar Buddhist temples were built on the Muryoko-in Temple site that FUJIWARA no Hidehira had built in Hiraizumi.
- 住吉具慶筆模本、その他1、2の伝写本があるが、詞書の有無、描かれた情景など相違異同がある。
- Although there remain a couple of copies including the replica made by Gukei Sumiyoshi, there exist discrepancies among them in the kotobagaki (captions) and in the illustrations.
- なお、蒲生氏郷の孫蒲生忠知の死後、無嗣断絶に至った御家騒動もまた、蒲生騒動と呼ばれている。
- The family dispute, which led to extinction of a family line after the death of Tadatomo GAMO, who was the grandson of Ujisato GAMO, is also called as Gamo Sodo.
- 1252年(建長4年)8月親王宣下を受け、1254年(建長6年)には無動寺検校に任じられる。
- He was announced as Imperial Prince in August 1252, and was assigned to Mudo-ji Temple Kengyo (supervisor of monks at Mudo-ji Temple).
- なお、近代の皇族制度とは違い、婚姻によって皇親身分を獲得したり喪失したりすることは無かった。
- Furthermore, unlike the modern imperial family system, with this system one could not obtain or lose the status of Koshin through marriage.
- この無血開城に勝海舟と共に尽力したのが、熾仁親王のかつての婚約者、静寛院宮(和宮)であった。
- It was Kaishu KATSU and the former Prince Taruhito's fiancee, Seikan in no Miya (Kazunomiya), who contributed to the opening of the Edo castle without any fighting.
- 「もし一紙半銭なりと奉れば、この世では無比の楽を得、来世では数千の蓮の上に座すことになる。」
- If contributing even just a little, you will get extraordinary comfort in this world, and will sit on the thousands of lotuses (in the paradise) in the after life.'
- 加古川戸無瀬・小波の母娘が、ある決意を胸に二人きりで山科へと東海道を上る様子を所作事で描く。
- This section depicts the scene in which Tonose KAKOGAWA and her daughter Konami travel the Tokai-do road to Yamashina with a resolution in their minds.
- また、日本刀の打刀では斬撃、抜刀、納刀など元来ほとんど音がしないため、それまで無音であった。
- Additionally, since Uchigatana (a sword kept in the 'obi' belt), essentially makes no noise when it cuts or is drawn from and returned to its sheath, no sound effects used to be used.
- 律令においては、無官の者は散位寮、勲等を有する者は軍団 (古代日本)に勤仕することとされた。
- The statute at the time required that those without a government post must serve in the Sani no ryo (a department for those who held ranks but were not assigned government posts) while requiring those with an order of merit to serve in the military.
- 無礼討のために刀を抜いたが、相手に逃亡された場合なども武士の不名誉とされ処罰の対象であった。
- When a warrior pulled his sword out for Bureiuchi but the offender ran away, the warrior was punished because his deed was considered a warrior's dishonor.
- 裏面中央には丸枠桐紋、亀甲桐紋、花押の極印があり、亀甲枠については有る無し、双方が存在する。
- At the middle of the back, it has the Kiwamein of paulownia in a circle, the Kiwamein of paulownia in a hexagon, and the Kao; some of those don't have a hexagon.
- 特に石田三成は秀次助命のために奔走し、秀吉に「秀次公は無実であること」(武宗記)を直訴した。
- Mitsunari ISHIDA, in particular, tried everything to save the life of Hidetsugu, and pleaded the 'innocence of the lord Hidetsugu' (according to 'Buso-ki') directly to Hideyoshi.
- 中には武市のように当時の藩主山内容堂によって無実の罪を着せられ処刑された者も少なくなかった。
- Goshi such as Takechi, who was executed on false charges by the daimyo Yodo YAMAUCHI, numbered more than a few.
- 708年(和銅元年)、秩父郡(ちちぶのこおり)で和銅(精錬の必要の無い自然銅)が発見された。
- Japanese copper, a domestic type that doesn't need refining, was found in the Chichibu district in the year 708.
- この時に明仁から授けられた守り刀は、重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)に認定された隅谷正峯の作。
- The mamorigatana (the sword for protection) given by Emperor Akihito on the ceremony was made by Masamine SUMITANI, the holder of certified Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 三上皇の拉致により、北朝では公事が停止し、院宣を発する治天の君や三種の神器も無い状態であった。
- After the three retired Emperors were taken away, public affairs were suspended in the Northern Court, and there was either no Chikun no Kimi to issue commands from the ex-emperor or they did not have the three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family.
- 公家政権の権限は、幕府および守護によって大きく侵されてされていき、次第に有名無実化していった。
- The authority of the kuge government came to be greatly encroached by the bakufu and shugo (provincial constable), and gradually became little more than a mere name.
- 1246年、経時が嗣子無くして没した際、時頼の得宗家家督、執権職就任は就任寄合で決定している。
- In 1246, when Tsunetoki died without a heir, the decision was taken at a meeting to choose his successor that Tokiyori would assume the reins of the Tokuso family and the regent post.
- 『日本書紀』に「男女無くして継嗣絶ゆべし」、『古事記』にも「日続知らすべき王無かりき」とある。
- 'There was no man or woman, no heir to succeed' ('Nihonshoki') and also 'There was no ruler (child of the emperor) to succeed' ('Kojiki').
- ただしそのための具体的行動は伴わず、また皇位簒奪の当事者であるはずの本願寺門主の発言でも無い。
- However, there was no specific action plan to make this happen and it was not a statement by the chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple who is supposed to be the central player of usurpation of the imperial throne.
- 魏無忌(信陵君)が趙の王から鄗(こう)を湯沐邑として与えられたことが、『史記』信陵君伝にある。
- It is mentioned that Gi Muki (Shinryokun) was given Ko as Tomokuyu by the king of Zhao in Shinryokun's biography in Shiki (the Chinese Historical Records).
- そしてこれまでの六日間が無駄になるのを承知で、善悪を弁えることが更に重要であると説教をやめる。
- Jinen Koji stops preaching, knowing the past 6 days will be wasted but placing greater importance in distinguishing right and wrong.
- 日本では、水が澄むまで繰り返す人が多いが、そこまで糠を嫌うなら通常は無洗米の方が経済的である。
- In Japan, many people repeat until the water is clear, but if rice bran is that intolerable, then, in general, using no-wash rice is more economical.
- 昔から米を「とぐ」というが、力は必要無く、現在市販されている白米では力を入れても無意味である。
- Since the olden days, it is said that rice is 'sharpened,' but force is unnecessary, and for white rice that is commercially sold nowadays, it is meaningless to use force when washing it.
- 「凪」とは、和ぎと同意でもあるが、現在では、風が無く穏やかな波のない海の状態をさす場合が多い。
- 凪' has the similar meaning to '和ぎ,' but today it often describes the calm state of the sea without wind and waves.
- [例] 大和国葛下郡神戸郷・山直郷・高額郷・加美郷・蓼田郷・品治(保無智)郷・當麻(多以末)郷
- Examples: Kanbe-go (village), Yamadai-go, Takagaku-go, Kami-go, Tadeda-go, Homuchi (品治r or 保無智 in Chinese characters)-go, and Taima (當麻 or 多以末 in Chinese characters)-go, in Katsuge-gun (county) of the Yamato Province
- 天文博士は天文生とともに毎晩夜空を観測して天文異変の有無を探り、異変があれば天文密奏を行った。
- Tenmon hakase observed the sky every night alongside students of tenmon, searching for signs of extraordinary astronomical events; whenever any sign was found, they sent a tenmon misso.
- ゆえに戦闘において前衛が大損害を被れば、それ以上無理押しをしないのが彼らの常識的な対応だった。
- Therefore, it was their common response that if the vanguard was greatly damaged in the battle they did not fight daringly any more.
- だが同月末には再度攻勢に出て、討伐に当たった杉若無心・桑山重晴・宇多頼忠らは苦戦を強いられた。
- However, it began to attack again at the end of November, and made Mushin SUGIWAKA, Shigeharu KUWAYAMA, Tadayori UTA and others face an uphill battle.
- 多勢に無勢の状況を支えきれず勝家の軍勢は総崩れし、ついに勝家は越前・北ノ庄城に向けて退却した。
- Vastly outnumbered by Hideyoshi's forces, Katsuie's forces could not hold out and were routed, eventually forcing Katsuie to retreat to Kitanosho-jo Castle in Echizen.
- 日本人の古来の弓術の射撃戦方法論にも無理なく適合できるこの形式の銃が普及したと考えられている。
- This style of gun naturally fit in the tactics for shooting war using traditional Japanese archery and became prevalent in Japan.
- 1343年中国の元 (王朝)に渡ることを志し、博多聖福寺の無隠元晦(むいんげんかい)に参禅した。
- In 1343 he decided to go to Yuan (dynasty) in China, and he practiced Zen with Muingenkai at Hakata Shofuku-ji Temple.
- 孝謙天皇の場合は自身の政治的な思惑から一度皇位を譲った相手(淳仁天皇)に無理矢理譲位させている。
- Emperor Koken once transferred the throne to Emperor Junnin due to his political calculation, but took it back forcibly.
- 三条天皇の死後、その長子敦明親王は道長に無言の圧迫を掛けられ、ついに自ら東宮を辞退する挙に出た。
- After Emperor Sanjo died, his eldest son Prince Atsuhira was indirectly pressured by Michinaga, and eventually he declined the position of Crown Prince on his own accord.
- - 僧恵隠を内裏に呼び,無量寿経を講じさせ,沙門恵資を論議者とし,沙門1000人を作聴衆にした。
- - He called the priest Eon to the Imperial Palace, ordered him to give a lecture on the Sutra of Immeasurable Life, appointed shamon (priest) Eshi to debate with him and 1000 shamon to be the audience.
- 無許可の旅行であっても伊勢神宮参拝が目的であることがはっきりすれば「叱責」程度の罰で済まされた。
- Even if they traveled without permission, when it was confirmed that they had intended to visit the Ise-jingu Shrine, a traveler would not receive a punishment that was worse than a 'reprimand.'
- ただしこれは外国の制度を模倣しただけで「当分之を欠く」という註がされていて有名無実な教科だった。
- However, it was just an imitation of foreign systems, and a titular subject with a note saying that for the time being this subject would not bet practiced.
- 「うた」の前の部分には、「一力(りき)」、「二力(りき)」という無意識でも演奏できうる曲がある。
- Before the 'Uta' part, there are parts called 'Ichiriki' and 'Niriki' which can be played unconsciously.
- 2005年に施行された改正文化財保護法により、無形の民俗文化財の領域に「民俗技術」が加えられた。
- The 'folk technology' was added to the area of intangible folk cultural properties in the Revised Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, enacted in 2005.
- 奴婢と異なり売買対象にはならなかったほか、戸を構える(家族を持つ)ことも出来たが、姓は無かった。
- Unlike the nuhi, they were not traded and were able to have a family; however, they were not allowed to have a family name.
- 武器と戦闘様式から見ても、平安時代から鎌倉時代、鎌倉幕府の滅亡までの間ではそう大きな変化は無い。
- There were no big transformations of weapons and battle formations from the Heian to the Kamakura period and the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- これに対して野心は無いと答え、人質に母親を差し出せと織田信長の命に従わず、亀裂は決定的になった。
- Murashige ARAKI replied that he had no ambition, but refused Nobunaga's requirement to submit his mother as a hostage and the chasm became decisive.
- ちなみに、憲法改正無限界説においては、大日本帝国憲法には改正限界を規定する条文は存在していない。
- But, according to the theory of limitation of constitutional amendment, the Constitution of the Empire of Japan did not define any limitations of constitutional amendment.
- 撤退命令を受領した小西行長は11月、明・朝鮮の陸水諸将と交渉や買収で無血撤退の約束を取り付ける。
- Having received the withdrawal order, Yukinaga KONISHI succeeded in December to obtain a promise of bloodless withdrawal through negotiations with and by bribing the Ming and Korean commanders of the army and navy.
- 小辺路が越えて行くのは、これら紀伊山地の山々のうち伯母子山脈・果無山脈といった西部の山々である。
- Among those mountains of the Kii Mountains, Kohechi goes across the western mountains such as the Obako Mountain Range and the Hatenashi Mountain Range.
- これは『徳川実紀』にも書かれているが、近年では反対派による中傷の一つで根拠は無いとも言われている。
- This was written in 'Tokugawa jikki' (The True Tokugawa Records), but it has been recently said that this was one of insinuations made by the opposing party.
- 水戸徳川家の歴代当主は比較的短命・無子の者が少なく、江戸時代の後半には他家に養子に出した例が多い。
- Relatively speaking, the successive family heads of the Mito Tokugawa family lived a long life and were blessed with children, so many sons from the family were adopted into other families during the late half of the Edo period.
- 無下に断ることもできず宴に参加した維茂であったが、美女の舞と酒のために不覚にも前後を忘れてしまう。
- Unable to reject the offer, Koreshige participates the banquet, however he carelessly overcome by the power of sake and dances of the beautiful women.
- この点、戸隠山、鬼無里村の鬼女伝説と内容的に関連しており、後者が能の影響を受けている可能性がある。
- For this point, the story is related to the legend of Kijo (an ogress) set in Kinasa-mura Village at Mt. Togakushi, suggesting that the latter was influenced by the Noh piece.
- だが、日限にせめられてお吉に急場をのがれるため無心したがことわられ、ついに惨殺し、掛け金をうばう。
- As the payment date drew near he begged Okichi for money as a stopgap measure, and when she refused, murdered her in cold blood and stole the money.
- 尚、長良川鵜飼や木曽川うかいと異なり、屋形船での食事は無い(漁場へ向かう途中の船内で弁当はある)。
- Unlike Nagaragawa ukai and Kisogawa ukai, food is not served on yakata-bune (box lunches are available on a ship transporting tourists to fishing ground).
- 長良川の鵜飼用具一式122点は国の重要有形民俗文化財、小瀬鵜飼技法は関市指定無形民俗文化財である。
- A set of tools for ukai in Nagara-gawa river, a total of 122 pieces, are designated as national important tangible assets of folk culture, and the fishing method of Oze ukai is designated as intangible folk cultural asset by Seki City.
- 無許可の敵討の例もあったが、現地の役人が調査し、敵討であると認められなければ殺人として罪せられた。
- There were unauthorized cases of Katakiuchi as well, but if local officers investigated such a case and did not acknowledge it as Katakiuchi, the avenging party would be punished as a murderer.
- 島津久光は江戸から薩摩への帰路、生麦事件を引き起こし、翌年薩英戦争で攘夷の無謀さを悟ることになる。
- Hisamitsu SHIMAZU provoked the Namamugi Incident on the way back to Satsuma from Edo, and realized the rashnesness of exclusionist policy from the defeat of the Anglo-Satsuma War the follwing year.
- 小辺路の最後の峠である果無峠へは、かつて渡しや宿場があった柳本(やぎもと)の集落近くからとり付く。
- The road goes through near the village of Yagimoto which once had ferries and inns, and leads to the last pass on Kohechi, Hatenashi Pass.
- 京都府無形文化遺産にも指定されており、当時の和紙すきを行う所は200戸余りもあったといわれていた。
- Tango Washi paper is designated as an intangible cultural heritage of Kyoto Prefecture, and is said that as many as 200 Washi paper manufacturers existed at the time.
- しかし、幕府における新田氏本宗家の地位は非常に低いものとなり、以後は無位無官に甘んずることとなる。
- However, the rank of the head family of the Nitta clan in the bakufu became much lower, and the family was forced to accept no official court rank thereafter.
- 明和5年(1768年)の百回忌に際して名誉回復が図られて改めて無礙光院宮良純大和尚の諡号が贈られた。
- At the hundredth anniversary of his death in 1768, he was given the new posthumous Buddhist name of 'Mugekoingu Ryojun Daiosho' in order to restore his honor.
- 『日本書紀』によれば叔父の成務天皇に嗣子が無く、成務天皇48年3月1日(178年)に31歳で立太子。
- According to the Nihon Shoki, Emperor Chuai was chosen as Crown Prince at the age of 31, because his uncle, Emperor Seimu had no heir.
- 学歴面でも、華族の子弟は学習院に無試験で入学でき、学習院高等科 (旧制)までの進学が保証されていた。
- Even in the academic carrier sphere, children in the kazoku class could enter Gakushuin School without examination, and it was guaranteed that they could advance up to Gakushuin High School (in the former educational system).
- 「愛するあなたと二世をちぎってもなおたりず、千代先までもと願ったのに、それを無になさったそらごと。」
- After our marriage, my beloved, I hoped that we would stay together for many years to come, but our marriage vows were not enough and you told a lie that destroyed my hope.'
- 評価者に影響されることを考えると、そもそも味で食文化を評価すること自体に意味が無いという意見もある。
- There is an opinion that, considering that the evaluation of taste is affected by the evaluator, it would be meaningless to evaluate food culture based on taste.
- 酒饅頭(餡入りと餡無しがある)を竹串に刺し、甘い味噌だれを塗りながら田楽(料理)のように焼いたもの。
- It is bamboo-skewered sake-manju (with or without bean paste) which is roasted by basting it with sweet miso paste like dengaku dish (simmered miso paste on food).
- これまで述べてきた刀剣外装は概ね儀仗用のもので、戦陣に赴くときに佩用されることは無かったと思われる。
- The swords mentioned earlier were generally used in ceremonies, and it is unlikely that they were carried to battlefields.
- 当然父として憤った五左衛門は無理やり嫌がるおさんを引っ張って連れ帰り、親の権利で治兵衛と離縁させた。
- Gozaemon who naturally got mad as a father forced unwilling Osan to bring back home, and had her divorce Jihe using the right as a parent.
- 前半部では手のつけようが無い悪党だが、最後に家族ともども主君のために命を捨てる善人である事がわかる。
- He is an uncontrollable villain in the first half, but he turns out to be a good man who dies for the lord along with his family.
- ただし、これは当該の国司の個人裁量によるものであったから、国司が交代すると無効になる可能性があった。
- Since kokushi gave such treatment entirely at his discretion, that exemption could be cancelled by a newly assigned kokushi.
- しかし漢城では日本軍の接近でパニックに陥っており、人々は逃走をはかりほとんど無人となるほどであった。
- However, in Hanseong people panicked at the approaching Japanese army and fled, so the city was virtually empty.
- 完本は近世中期の写本(鴻山文庫蔵)があるが無題で、田中允が『謡曲 狂言』収録の際現在の書名を付けた。
- The complete set dating from the early modern period (owned by Kozan Bunko Library) was untitled and only given the current name when it was recorded in 'Yokyoku Kyogen' by Makoto TANAKA.
- これらの三家はもし将軍家(徳川宗家)に男系男子(将軍継嗣)が無ければ、将軍を出すように決められていた。
- These three clans had to provide a shogun if the Shogun family (the head of the Tokugawa family) lacked a male through a line of males (an heir to Shogun).
- 家宝は御旗(後冷泉天皇から下賜された日章旗)・楯無(楯無の鎧、源頼義が御旗とともに授けられたという)。
- Its family treasures are Mihata (the Japanese (rising sun) flag that was granted by Emperor Goreizei) and Tatenashi (Tatenashi-no-yoroi (unrivaled armor) which Minamoto no Yoriyoshi was granted together with Mihata).
- - 僧の智通と智達が勅を受けて新羅の船に乗って大唐国に行き、玄奘法師から無性衆生義(法相宗)を受ける。
- Receiving an Imperial decree, the priests Chitsu and Chitatsu travelled to Great Tang on Silla's ship and received the teachings of Xuanzang Hoshi (Buddhist priest) regarding asexual life (Hosso sect).
- また、中越地震発生4日後に救出された男児(当時2歳)が無事に成長していることを知り、その成長を喜んだ。
- Moreover, the Emperor was pleased after being informed that the boy (two years old at the earthquake), who was rescued four days later from the occurrence of the Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake, is growing up soundly.
- しかし、その行動様式は侠客と呼ばれた無頼漢たちに、その美意識は歌舞伎という芸能の中に受け継がれていく。
- However, their form of behavior was inherited by delinquents called 'kyokaku,' while their aesthetic values were inherited by the Kabuki performance.
- また、逆に長寸のものは背中に背負ったり、それも無理なほど長大なものは従者が持って付き従うこともあった。
- On the contrary, long swords were carried on the back, or if they are too long to wear, they were sometimes carried by attendants.
- 長良川の鵜飼用具一式122点は国の重要有形民俗文化財、長良川鵜飼漁法は岐阜市指定無形民俗文化財である。
- A set of tools for Nagara-gawa uaki, a total of 122 pieces, are designated as national important tangible assets of folk culture, and the fishing method of Nagara-gawa ukai is designated as intangible folk cultural asset by Gifu City.
- この戦いの後、南条氏は再び西伯耆へ進出することは無くなり、史料上ではこれ以後の合戦は確認されていない。
- After this war, the Nanjo clan never entered the west Hoki again, and no battle occurred thereafter according to historical documents.
- ゆえに権力者が寺内で権力を振りかざすことも認めない――このような寺社の思想を伊藤正敏は「無縁」と呼ぶ。
- Therefore, authorities where not allowed to have power in the temple, and such an idea regarding temples and shrines was called 'Muen' by Masatoshi ITO.
- 織田信忠の首こそ無事であったが、「荒木村重軍強し」との評判は京都まで伝わり今様が流行るまでにいたった。
- Although the head of Nobutada ODA was safe, news that 'Troops of Murashiga ARAKI was strong' was communicated even to Kyoto so that imayo (popular style of song since Heian period) became popular.
- これにより、大部分の無尽会社が信用組合などより大規模で、銀行と変わりない程度の規模となるようになった。
- This made most Mujin companies larger than credit associations and others on a scale not less than that of the banks.
- また、果無山脈関西電力の風力発電計画のように、危機にさらされている箇所があることも課題のひとつである。
- One of the pressing matters is that some sections are just about to be lost, including the section in the Hatenashi Mountain Range which was chosen as the development site for wind power generation by Kansai Electric Power.
- 家臣団の衆議・意向を無視あるいは軽視した主君は、廃立の憂き目に遭い、世間から下剋上と評されたのである。
- The lords who ignored--or worse yet, despised--the will and inclination of their group of retainers were likely to experience the misery of being deposed and replaced, and judged a fitting target for gekokujo by society.
- しかし個々の守護大名を幕府が討伐した例はあるものの、守護大名と室町将軍が全面的に対立する事は無かった。
- However, while there were cases in which the bakufu subdued individual Shugo daimyos, there was no case where a Shugo daimyo and Shogun Muromachi were fully in conflict with each other.
- 一品を受けた親王は一品親王、品位を受けない(もしくは罪などで品位を剥奪された)親王は無品親王と呼ばれた。
- A Shinno who received the Ippon was called Ippon Shinno, and a Shinno who did not receive a honi (or those whose honi was stripped because of a crime) were called Muhon-Shinno (Imperial Prince without court rank).
- その後は世間からも忘れ去られた寂しい生涯を送り、元服を行う事も無く13歳で死去(死因は赤痢と言われる)。
- After that, the Emperor did not get much attention from the public and he spent a lonely time, he died at the age of thirteen, without even having a coming-of age ceremony. (It is said that he died of dysentery.)
- 「皇室の中で女性が果たしてきた役割については、私は有形無形に大きなものがあったのではないかと思います。」
- I think that the female Imperial members have played their part tangibly as well as intangibly to a considerable degree.'
- なお、鯨肉食の文化の無い地域を対象に、捕鯨産業の振興策の一環として鯨肉利用の宣伝が行われたこともあった。
- Aiming at the areas where whale meat had not been eaten, it was attempted to increase use of whale meat as a measure to promote the whaling industry.
- 勘平は、「自分は猟師だがこういう場所では盗賊と間違われるのも無理はない」と言い、鉄砲を男に渡してしまう。
- Kanpei says, 'I am a hunter, but I can understand why you mistake me for a bandit in a place like this,' and he gives his gun to the man.
- 穴穂部王子と異なり政治的手腕にも豪胆さにも欠け、目先のことしか考えない享楽的で無能な人物として描かれる。
- Unlike Prince Anahobe, he is portrayed as a pleasure-seeking, incapable person who lacked political ability and courage and only took short views.
- - 右辺のコウを黒から取られても、両コウのところに無限のコウ材があるため、常にコウを取り返せるので「生」
- The white stone is in 'life' since even if the black stone takes the ko on the right, it has endless kozai at the place of double ko and the white always has a chance to get ko back.
- また因幡国(現・鳥取県東部)の伝承では、雪の降る晩に小さな蛍火のような光となって無数に蓑に群がるという。
- According to a legend in Inaba Province (the present-day eastern part of Tottori Prefecture), a countless number of lights looked like firefly lights swarmed around a straw raincoat on the snowy night.
- 女はいわれを語り、能地謡の「水無月の夏越の祓いする人は千歳の命延ぶと聞け」というコーラスにひきつがれる。
- The woman tells the story followed by chorus of Noh-jiutai (Noh chorus), 'They say that those who perform Nagoshi no harai in June can live longer than their 1,000-year lifespan.'
- 途中大和国吉野下市町の茶店で休憩するが、思わぬことに地元の無法者いがみの権太に路銀を騙り取られてしまう。
- They take a break at a tea stall in Shimoichi-machi, Yoshino, Yamato Province on their way, and a local bandit, Igami no Gonta, deceived them and took their money for traveling.
- 5.我が国民以外の人々に係る前各号に規定する無形の民俗文化財で我が国民の生活文化との関連上特に重要なもの
- 5. Foreign immaterial folk cultural properties that are Stipulated in the previous numbers and especially important in connection with Japanese people's lives and cultures.
- 4.無形の民俗文化財のうち前3号には該当しないが、重要有形民俗文化財の特質を理解するために特に必要なもの
- 4. Immaterial folk cultural properties that are not applicable to the above three numbers yet are especially necessary in order to understand the characteristics of important tangible folk cultural properties.
- 延暦寺の権威を背景として暴利を貪る者や公卿の邸宅に押し入って督促をする者など傍若無人な振舞いも目立った。
- There were frequent instances of insolent behavior: some made excessive profit by taking advantage of Enryaku-ji Temple's authority, and some broke into residences of Kugyo (top court officials) to bully them into paying a debt.
- また、大寺社内は「無縁所」とよばれる地域であり、生活に困窮した庶民が多く移民し、寺社領地内に吸収された。
- The lands of large temples were considered 'Muensho' where the common people who had a hard life would move in and become absorbed.
- しかし、後任国司の中にはこのような先例を無視して、規定通りの若しくは規定以上のの租税収取を行う者もいた。
- Among the successors of such kokushi, however, some ignored the precedent agreements and collected the regular or an even greater amount of land tax.
- 柳本を発って果無山脈東端にある果無峠を越えると和歌山県側に入り、田辺市本宮町八木尾の下山口にたどり着く。
- Leaving Yagimoto and immediately after crossing Hatenashi Pass at the eastern end of the Hatenashi Mountain Range, the road enters Wakayama Prefecture and reaches Shimoyama-guchi of Yagio, Hongu-cho, Tanabe City.
- また、上野隆徳は、備中松山で無残な最期を遂げた一族上野伊豆守頼氏らの仇敵である庄為資の嫡子高資を討った。
- Moreover, Takatoku UENO defeated Takasuke SHO, the legitimate child of Tamemoto SHO, the enemy of one of his family members Ueno Izu no kami Yoriuji who met a tragic end in Bicchu Matsuyama.
- 譲られた神器は偽器であったとされ、皇位は、後に京を脱出した後醍醐が吉野で南朝を開いた事により無意味となる。
- It was said the three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family were not real, his Imperial rank was cancelled since Emperor Godaigo, who escaped from Kyoto later, opened the Southern Court in Yoshino.
- また1922年(大正11年)以前は、帝国大学に欠員があれば学習院高等科を卒業した生徒は無試験で入学できた。
- Furthermore, in 1911 or before, a student who graduated Gakushuin High School could enter any Imperial University without examination, if there was a vacancy available in the university.
- 大学当局は11月15日に同学会の解散命令を下し、11月18日には同学会幹部8名の無期限停学処分を発表した。
- The authority of the university ordered the dissolution of the Dogakukai on November 15, and indefinitely suspended eight executives of the Dogakukai from the university on November 18.
- 佐平治は無腰の町人を手打ちにするのを不本意と考え、自らの脇差を相手に渡して果たし合いの形式をとろうとした。
- Saheiji was unwilling to kill the townsman without any arms, tried to fight like by dueling and giving him his short sword.
- これは権力に対する独立・中立性の放棄であり、寺社側が拒否したのも「無縁」の思想からすれば当然のことである。
- This was equal to the abandonment of independency and neutrality against authority, so that it is natural that the temples and shrines rejected these requests with the idea of 'Muen.'
- 翌日に熊野本宮大社に参詣したのち果無峠を越え、矢倉・大股に宿をとって、14日の午前中に高野山に着いている。
- The next day they visited Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine and crossed Hatenashi Pass, lodged in Yakura and in Omata, and arrived at Mt. Koya in the morning of February 14.
- その後、朝廷内部で源氏と平氏の間で政争が起きたために奥州にかかわっている余裕が無かったと言う事情も有った。
- Behind this decision of the Imperial Court, there was a situation where the Imperial Court had no time to deal with affairs in the Oshu region because the political strife between the Minamoto clan and the Taira clan had arisen inside the Imperial Court.
- しかし、『日本書紀』には日子八井命の名は無く、『新撰姓氏録』・『阿蘇氏系図』では神八井耳命の子となっている。
- However, Hikoyai no mikoto is not described in the 'Nihon Shoki' (Chronicles of Japan); and according to the 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility) and the 'Aso-shi Keizu' (The Family Tree of Aso clan), Hikoyai no mikoto is referred to as a son of Kamuyaimimi no mikoto.
- 天皇が重要な神事において無紋の冠を被り、纓をいったん頭上に上げて折り返し、巾子ごと白い平絹の帯で結んだもの。
- This is a Court cap with no crest which is worn by an emperor at significant ritual ceremonies, with its ei folding over on his head to fix it together with koji with a band of white silk.
- しかし、マルチカム方式で撮影されている本作品ではクレジットされていないものの、斉藤孝雄の貢献も無視できない。
- However, the contribution of Takao SAITO cannot be overlooked even though his name was not included in the credit titles of the multicam method version of the film.
- そこに「加古川本蔵の首進上申す」と、虚無僧に変装した本蔵が現れ、由良之助父子の悪態をついてお石と争いになる。
- Honzo, disguised as a komuso (begging Zen priest), appears saying, 'I will give you the head of Honzo KAKOGAWA,' makes derogatory comments on Yuranosuke and his son, and he squabbles with Oishi.
- 多数の官女公家がつめかけ、そこに借金とりが催促に来るわ、無聊を慰めるため帝に万歳を披露するなど大騒ぎである。
- A big fuss is caused by many court ladies and nobles who come along, a debt collector who comes to urge payment, those who perform Manzai (a kind of performing art for celebration) to relieve the emperor's boredom, and so on.
- それを生業とする無宿渡世人や、または興じる庶民を、「鉄火打」(てっかうち・博打打のこと)というようになった。
- Homeless gangsters who made a living by gambling, or common people who enjoyed gambling came to be called 'Tekka uchi' (gamblers).
- 二つ目や真打によって演じられることもあるが、比較的簡単な軽い話とみなされるためにトリの演目になることは無い。
- Regarded as a relatively brief and light story, zenza-banashi are never performed by established storytellers called tori, although they may be played by futatsu-me performers, situated between the zenza beginner storytellers and shin-uchi skilled performers, and occasionally by shin-uchi themselves.
- 現在丁髷と呼ばれるものは時代劇などでよく登場する銀杏髷、本多髷や相撲の力士が結う大銀杏で本来の丁髷では無い。
- Today, ichomage (a hair-style like a fan, like the leaf of the sacred gingko tree), hondamage, which is often seen in period dramas, and oicho tied by sumo wrestlers are called chonmage, but those chonmage are not quintessential.
- 既に年長大であったが夫を持たず(年已長大 無夫壻)、弟がいて彼女を助けていたとの伝承がある(有男弟佐治國)。
- Supposedly, she was already old when she became queen, but did not have a husband--only a younger brother who helped her.
- 例えば天保の改革を行った水野忠邦は中国でアヘン戦争が起こると直ちに無二念打ち払い令を撤回させたようにである。
- For example, Tadakuni MIZUNO who performed the Tenpo Reforms immediately ordered the withdrawal of the edict to repel foreign vessels when the Opium War occurred in China.
- さらに徳川家康も天下人を目指して、伊達政宗らと無断婚姻を行なうなど、豊臣政権は次第に衰退の兆しを見せてゆく。
- In addition, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA aimed to be 'tenkabito' (a person becoming the ruler of the country) and entered an unauthorized marriage with Masamune DATE; thus, showing signs of the TOYOTOMI government's decline.
- しかし消費税が3%から5%に増税された1997年以降はあまり必要性が無くなったため製造量を減らし始めている。
- Since 1997, when the consumption tax was increased from 3% to 5%, however, their need has decreased and so has their mintage.
- 大坂の役で豊臣氏が滅ぼされて以後、武力抵抗をした大名は皆無であり、全て無抵抗で城と領地を幕府へ明渡している。
- After the Toyotomi clan was destroyed in the Siege of Osaka, no more Daimyo attempted armed resistance and all handed over their castles and lands to the bakufu without resistance.
- また、紀和国境の果無峠は、前述の通り、龍神・熊野・高野および大峯の各地を結ぶ交通路として利用され続けていた。
- As explained above, Hatenashi Pass at the boundary of Kiwa continued to be used as a community road connecting Ryujin, Kumano, Koya and Omine.
- その後親王の無実が判明すると、嵯峨天皇により平安京に呼び戻され、没収されていた親王の資産も王子女に返還された。
- Once the Imperial Prince's innocence had been proved later, Emperor Saga called the children back to Heian-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in the current Kyoto) and returned to them the property of the Imperial Prince.
- 具体的には、天皇主権に重きをおき原則的に天皇には『憲法ノ條規』があってもあらゆる制限は無いという解釈と云える。
- Concretely, they put importance on imperial sovereignty, and they interpret the emperor's actions are not limited in principle irrespective of 'provisions in the constitution.'
- 幼少時より沈敏な性格で父に愛され、承和 (日本)7年(840年)には無品親王ながら、志摩国答志島を与えられた。
- As a child, he was loved by his father for his character; although he was an Imperial Prince without court rank, he was given Toshi Island of Shima Province in 840.
- その後も異母兄である後白河天皇の院政を影から支えており、平清盛でさえも彼女の動向を無視することは出来なかった。
- After that she continuously supported the Emperor Goshirakawa's cloistered government, it is said even TAIRA no Kiyomori could not ignore her existence.
- 当初、政宗はその布令を無視して領土拡大を進めたが、1590年に秀吉が後北条氏を攻撃するのをみてこれに服属した。
- At the beginning, Masamune ignored the edicts and proceeded with his territory expansion policy, but later decided to obey Hideyoshi in 1590 when he saw Hideyoshi attacked the Gohojo clan for ignoring the edicts.
- 戦国時代 (日本)に血統が途絶え、歌道で有名な三条西家から養子をむかえたため、以後水無瀬家も和歌の家となった。
- When the Minase family line ended during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States, 1493-1573), the family adopted a son from the Sanjonishi family, who were famous for their waka poetry; therefore, the Minase family also inherited waka poetry skills.
- これに関しては、「私」字を万葉仮名に用いた例が他に無いことから、本来「弘斐王(おいのおおきみ)」の誤りでろう。
- As to 'Shi (or Oi) no Okimi' in those historical books, there were no previous examples of ancient writers or editors using 'Shi (私)' for Manyogana (early Japanese syllabify composed of Chinese characters then used phonetically); so historians and other scholars would be able to conclude that the original writing was written in this way 'Oi no Okimi' and 'Shi (or Oi) no Okimi' was the transcription mistake.
- 原作『仮名手本忠臣蔵』の八段目は加古川本蔵女房戸無瀬と娘小浪の嫁入り道中を描く所作事「道行旅路の花嫁」である。
- The eighth act of the original 'Kanadehon Chushingura' is a shosagoto called 'Michiyuki Tabiji no Hanayome', which depicts the journey of Honzo KAKOGAWA's wife, Tonase, and her daughter Konami when she was going to get married.
- たとえば、実際に日常会話では日本のものであるかどうかとは無関係にファッションが野暮であるかどうかが話題になる。
- For example, it can be a topic of daily conversation as to whether a particular fashion is yabo or not regardless of whether or not it is Japanese.
- 小浪とその母戸無瀬が山科の閑居に来て、結婚を願うが、力弥の母お石に判官を止めた本蔵の娘は嫁にできぬと断られる。
- Konami and her mother, Tonose, come to Yamashina and ask for marriage, but Rikiya's mother Oishi refuses, because Konami is a daughter of Honzo, a person who stopped Hangan.
- 醗酵している醪を自然に放置しておくと、上記の分解がどんどん進んでいくが、けっしてそれは無限に続く作用ではない。
- If the fermenting moromi is left by itself, the decomposition mentioned above progresses steadily, but it never lasts indefinitely.
- そんなある日、村上・中津川の策略にはめられた叔父の菅野六郎左衛門が、高田馬場で多勢に無勢の決闘に追い込まれる。
- One day, Rokurozaemon SUGANO, his uncle, falls into the snares of Murakami and Nakatsugawa and is forced to fight a duel at Takadanobaba, where he was outnumbered.
- 水呑百姓(みずのみびゃくしょう)は、江戸時代以降、在方の人別に加わりつつ、石高を所持しない無高の者を指す呼称。
- Mizunomi Byakusho (water drinking peasant) refer to those who did not have their own harvesting lands, although they were in the census register, since the Edo period.
- (少なくとも現代日本語で解釈するのは学術的に無意味であり、古代日本語の音韻論を基本に考察しなければならない。)
- (It is, however, academically unsound to interpret the name according modern Japanese standards, as opposed to ancient Japanese phonology.)
- 義仲は親しかった俊尭僧正を介して北陸宮を皇位継承者にすべきと後白河天皇に推挙したが、法皇からは完全に無視された。
- Yoshinaka suggested Emperor Goshirakawa, through his close friend, a high-ranking Buddhist priest Shungyo, for Hokurokunomiya to succeed the throne, but this suggestion was totally ignored by the Cloistered Emperor.
- しかし、幕府からの生活費献上の約束は守られることが無く、京に戻った後の聖承の暮らしは困窮の極みだったようである。
- On the contrary, the shogunate never kept its promise to present Seisho with living expenses; therefore, Seisho was forced to be extremely badly off after he returned to Kyoto.
- 戦国の習いとはいえ、武家社会の興亡の激しさと無情を感じたのか長行は、自分の子供たちに武家の世界から足を洗わせた。
- Nagamichi, who might have felt the severity and heartlessness of the ups and downs of the society of samurai families (although that was the way of Sengoku), ordered his children to leave the world of samurai families.
- また、天皇は幼若年であったことから『書紀』に見るような暴虐は無理があるとされ、武烈天皇の年齢についても諸説ある。
- As the Emperor was of a very young age, the kind of cruel acts we see in 'Shoki' (short for Nihonshoki) are considered impossible, though there are various theories about the age of Emperor Buretsu.
- また、現在の教科書の多くにも、武烈天皇の暴虐性についての記述は無く、武烈天皇自身に関しての記事も欠いた物が多い。
- Even today in many text books there is no description of the cruel character, many do not even mention Emperor Buretsu at all.
- 正式名称は記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の文化財(きろくさくせいとうの そちをこうずべき むけいのぶんかざい)。
- The formal name is Intangible cultural properties requiring special measures such as the creation of records.
- その金でお前の命が助かるのなら、娘は死ぬわけではないのでと、無理矢理五十両を押し付けて、逃げるように帰ってゆく。
- Chobei forced the man to receive fifty ryo to save him, saying that his daughter will not die even if he doesn't return fifty ryo by the last day of the year, and he quickly left.
- 各個認定を受けた重要無形文化財保持者を、日本国政府も人間国宝と呼んでいるが、これは法律で規定された用語ではない。
- Although a person individually recognized as a holder of an important intangible cultural property is called Living National Treasure commonly and by Japan's national government, this term is not specified by laws.
- 地方公共団体の文化財保護条例等においても同様に、文化財の種類の一つとして「無形文化財」を規定している場合がある。
- Similarly, some ordinances of local public bodies specify 'intangible cultural properties' as one category of cultural properties.
- 与三郎は実家を勘当され無頼漢となり34箇所の刃傷の痕を売りものにした「切られ与三」として悪名を馳せることとなる。
- Yosaburo was disinherited by his family and became a highbinder, who gained public notoriety as 'Kirare Yosa' (Scarface Yosa) with his 34 sword cuts.
- これは、1972年以降、鯛船の廃止で「長柄流」がマスコミに取り上げられる回数が激減したことと無関係ではなかろう。
- This is apparently related to the dramatic decrease in numbers for 'Nagae-style,' no longer played up by the media since the dedication ritual on the sea bream ship was abandoned in 1972.
- 直垂、大紋に無い着用法として「半袴」というくるぶしまでの袴を着用することもあり、この場合は「小素襖」と言われる。
- When 'hanbakama,' an ankle length hakama, which was not used with hitatare or daimon, was worn, it was called 'kosuo.'
- 21世紀となった現在でも、日本各地(主に農村・漁村地域)に、無尽や頼母子、模合と呼ばれる会・組織が存在している。
- Even now, in the twenty-first century, gatherings and organizations called Mujin, Tanomoshi, or Moai exist in various places in Japan (mainly in the regions of farming and fishing villages).
- 多くの源氏一門は叙位任官を除き、特に無碍に鎌倉殿と同様に源姓を称することを禁じられ、あくまで家人として遇された。
- Many Genji clans, except for the conferment of a court rank and appointment to an office, were forbidden to broadly share a common Minamoto family name in the same way as the Kamakura-dono, and were treated simply as Kenin (retainers).
- その最も大きな根拠は、実在性のほとんど無い父(日本武尊)と妻(神功皇后)をもっている人物であるため、とされている。
- The main reason for this is that both his father (Yamato Takeru no Mikoto) and his wife (Empress Jingu) almost certainly did not exist.
- この際、象が無位無官であるため参内の資格がないとの問題が起こり、急遽「広南従四位白象」との称号を与えて参内させた。
- On this occasion, the problem was caused due to the elephant not having any official position and not being able to enter the Imperial Palace, the elephant was given ' 広南従四位白象 (Kankan Ju Shii White elephant)' in haste and was then allowed into the Palace.
- 幸い、東海道において官軍は一度の戦闘もなく江戸に到着し、4月11日(新暦5月3日)江戸城は無血のうちに開城される。
- Luckily the government army did not experience any battles until they reached Edo, the Edo castle was opened on April 11 without any bloodshed.
- かぶき者たちは、一方で乱暴・狼藉を働く無法者として嫌われつつ、一方ではその男伊達な生き方が共感と賞賛を得てもいた。
- On one hand, Kabuki-mono were hated as violent outlaws committing assaults, but on the other hand, they were praised and sympathized with their lifestyle as chivalrous men.
- このことは税金を投入して対策を行う以上、無駄なことはできるだけ避けなければいけないため、以前より指摘されてはいた。
- The fact that such countermeasures are funded by taxpayer's money means that wastage must be avoided, and these initiatives therefore receive more attention than they once did.
- 5代目塩谷朝義に子が無かったため、宇都宮業綱の次男塩谷朝業を養子に迎え家督を相続させ、源姓塩谷氏の時代は終焉する。
- Because the fifth Tomoyoshi SHIONOYA had no child, he adopted Tomonari SHIONOYA, the second son of Naritsuna UTSUNOMIYA, and had him succeed to the family, whereby the period of SHIONOYA clan of the MINAMOTO family ended.
- 果無峠が使われなくなり始めるのは、1921年(大正10年)に新宮と折立を結ぶプロペラ船が就航してからのことである。
- Hatenashi Pass was disused when air propeller boats were introduced between Shingu and Oritachi in 1921.
- 「柳本(やぎもと)の渡」から「はてなし山」(果無峠)を越えて「焼尾谷」(八木尾)に下り、本宮に参詣したとしている。
- He departed from 'Yagimoto no watashi,' went across 'Mt, Hatenashi' (present Hatenashi Pass) and down to 'Yakiodani' (present Yagio), and visited first Hongu-taisha Shrine of Kumano Sanzan.
- 若草山山頂への車のアクセスは奈良奥山ドライブウェイの利用に限られる(新若草山コース:510円/22時以降は無料)。
- The access to the top of Mt. Wakakusa by car is restricted to the use of Nara Okuyama Toll Road (New Mt. Wakakusa course: 510 yen, free of charge after 22 pm).
- 広義門院の受諾を得るほかに解決策が皆無の幕府は、広義門院へ懇願を重ね、6月19日にようやく承諾を取り付けるに至った。
- The Bakufu had no choice but to obtain the acceptance of Kogimonin; they asked Kogimonin over and over, finally obtaining her approval on June 19.
- 三種の神器を安徳天皇とともに平氏が持ち去ったために神器が無い場合の緊急避難措置として後白河法皇の院宣により即位した。
- Since Emperor Antoku took three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family with him, together with the Taira clan, in their absence there was an emergency plan: the Cloistered Emperor Go-Shirakawa ordered Emperor Go-Toba to succeed to the Imperial Throne as a command from a former Emperor.
- 後述のように、政府が皇族を無制限に増加させることには一貫して消極的であったことからも、この結果は当然のことであった。
- It was a natural consequence as was mentioned later, since the government was not keen on letting the scale of expenses for the Imperial family increase unlimitedly.
- 遺体を埋葬したとされる長谷村から、菊花紋章と宗良親王の法名である尊澄法親王の文字が刻まれた無縫塔二が発見されている。
- There was an Imperial Crest of the Chrysanthemum and Muhoto which included a carving of Imperial Prince Muneyoshi/Munenaga's Buddhist name, the 'Cloistered Soncho Imperial Prince,' that were found in Hase Village where his body was supposed have been buried.)
- 舒明天皇8年(636年)に官人の勤務制度について大臣 (日本)の蘇我蝦夷に下記の意見をだしているが、無視されている。
- In 636, he provided the following idea about government officials working system to a minister SOGA no Iruka, but Iruka ignored it.
- また、終身華族はすべて永世華族に列せられ、終身華族が新たに生まれることも無かったために全ての華族は永世華族となった。
- And all 'Shushin kazoku' (one-generation kazoku) and all people who were newly given the kazoku status were raised to 'Eisei kazoku' ('Eidai kazoku' or permanent kazoku who could keep the kazoku status for generations), at the result, all the families holding the kazoku status were Eisei kazoku.
- 天平宝字8年(764年)藤原仲麻呂の乱が起きた後も、最大の後見人であるはずの仲麻呂と行動をともにすることは無かった。
- In 764, after the revolt of Fujiwara no Nakamaro, Emperor Junnin didn't act together with his supposed best guardian, Nakamaro.
- その際香川県高松市鬼無あるいは岡山県総社市鬼ノ城で百済の王子という温羅を討った伝説があり、桃太郎のモデルといわれる。
- There is a legend that on this occasion, he had conquered Ura who was referred to as the prince of Baekje in Kinashi, Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture or Kinojo, Soja City, Okayama Prefecture, and it is considered as the model for the story of Momotaro (The Peach Boy).
- この風習が根付いた地域の人々は、「初詣=三社参り」であり、特別な信仰心とは無関係に、当然のこととして三社参りを行う。
- The people who live at the places where this custom has been established do sanshamairi as a matter of course regardless of particular special (religious) piety, considering 'hatsumode = sanshamairi.'
- 戦意を喪失し、無策の武将達に苛立った武時は、轟く雷鳴を聞いて森の老婆のことを思い出し、一人蜘蛛手の森へ馬を走らせる。
- Taketoki, frustrated with the commanders who lost their spirit and had no plan, remembered the old woman in the forest when roaring thunders called it back, and rode to Kumode no Mori alone.
- 事実、秀吉の没後に五大老の中でも特にその勢力が抜きん出ていた徳川家康は、豊臣氏に無断で諸大名と婚姻関係を結んでいる。
- In fact, Ieyasu Tokugawa, who became outstandingly influential after Hideyoshi's death, made marital relationships with several lords without the Toyotomi clan's permission.
- さらに秀吉は晩年、後継者の秀頼における豊臣政権を磐石なものとするために、諸大名に無断で婚姻を結ぶことを禁止している。
- In his later years, Hideyoshi forbade feudal lords to make marital relationships with each other without his permission in order to stabilize the Toyotomi government, to which his son, Hideyori, would succeed.
- 戦術に於いても攻城戦の開始前と落城寸前の場面で降伏勧告を行っており、自軍被害も低減できる無血開城の交渉を行っている。
- In tactics, a choice to surrender was given before starting a siege and just before fall of the castle and negotiations were carried out for a bloodless surrender which enabled them to minimize the damage to their own troops.
- (戦国時代に在位した3代の天皇が全て譲位をすることなく崩御しているのは、譲位のための費用が朝廷に無かったからである)。
- (It is assumed that the emperors in three eras of the Sengoku period did not abdicate because there wasn't sufficient financial strength for the Imperial Court to support it.)
- そして実力的な裏付けの乏しい専制政治的な政策や無謀な討幕計画に対しては院の側近以外の貴族達は冷ややかな対応に終始した。
- Apart from Go-Toba-in's aides, the lords turned a cold shoulder toward Go-Toba-in because he had an arbitrary government (although he was not very talented as a leader), and he attempted incautious plans to defeat the Kamakura government.
- 現今の女性天皇の議論において「神道儀礼」について加味されないのは、祭祀継承を旨とする天皇家を無視すると言う批判もある。
- In the current argument about female Emperors, since the 'Shinto ceremony' was not discussed, there is some criticism that there was no consideration by the Imperial Family who succeeded the ritual.
- 当初は1.とは無関係に存在していたが、宝暦9年(1759年)に時の桃園天皇の命により、1.の祭祀を引き継ぐ事になった。
- Initially, the Ano family was unrelated to (1), but was ordered to take over religious duties from (1) in 1759 by the order of the then Emperor Momozono.
- また、特定の教会には属さず、自宅で聖書とのみ対峙する、「無教会運動」(指導者として内村鑑三や南原繁などが有名)がある。
- There is also a 'Non-church movement' to advocate facing the Bible alone at home without belonging to any specific church (famous leaders include Kanzo UCHIMURA and Shigeru NANBARA).
- 蔵元のなかには、あえて政府の監査と級別制度の中に序せられることを拒否し、「無鑑査」として流通させるところもあらわれた。
- Some sake brewers daringly refused to be bound by the government appraisal and classification system, and distributed sake as a type of good that was 'exempt from appraisal.'
- 日頃から治兵衛の責任感の無さを知っていた五左衛門は直筆の起請があっても尚治兵衛を疑い、おさんを心配して紙屋に来たのだ。
- Even though Jihe himself wrote the vows, Gozaemon who knew Jihe's usual irresponsibility was still skeptical of Jihe, and came to KAMIYA in dread of Osan.
- これは、これまで「無形の民俗資料」といわれてきたものであり、民俗学が「民間伝承」として学問の対象としてきたものである。
- Such properties have been called 'intangible folklore materials' in the past and have been studied as 'folk traditions' in the field of folklore.
- 結局、日朝貿易を室町幕府の統制下に置こうという義政の目論見は無に帰すが、牙符制そのものは文禄・慶長の役まで続けられる。
- As a result, Yoshimasa's plan to place Japan-Korea trade under the control of the Muromachi bakufu failed, but Gafusei was observed until Bunroku Keicho no Eki.
- そのため、使節供応と回賜のための経費が無視できない規模になった後は、使節来朝に制限を加え、日本側からの遣使は中断した。
- This led to the Japanese government adding a limit to envoy visits to Japan and discontinuing the dispatch of envoys when the expenses for treating them and preparing return gifts could no longer be ignored.
- また上方勢は湊・中之島一円に放火し、他の地域もおおむね半分から三分の二は焼亡したが、鷺森寺内及び岡・宇治は無事だった。
- In addition, the Kamigata army set fire to the areas of Minato and Nakanoshima, and half or two thirds of the other areas were also burnt, but the areas of Saginomori Temple, Oka and Uji were safe.
- また、秀吉は関白の立場を明確に示す形になり、いわば、天下統一は惣無事令で成り立ち、豊臣政権の支配原理となったのである。
- It also worked to show the status of Hideyoshi as Kanpaku (the chief adviser to the Emperor); that is to say, sobuji-rei enabled Hideyoshi's project of Tenkatoitsu (the unification of the whole country), and it also acted as the principle of control for the Toyotomi administration.
- 兵力として藩士からなる正規兵だけでなく、町民や農民、無頼の徒や他国藩士によって結成された混成部隊が戦力とされ活躍した。
- Not only the regular soldiers consisting of retainers but also mixed forces consisting of townspeople, peasants, outlaws, and retainers from other domains played an active part in their military forces.
- 後醍醐天皇の代わりに8月15日に豊仁が三種の神器の無い状況で光厳天皇の院宣により即位して光明天皇となり、北朝が成立する。
- Imperial Prince Yutahito succeeded to the throne instead of Emperor Godaigo, although he did not have the three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family, after receiving a command from ex-Emperor Kogon and became Emperor Komyo on August 15, and this was the beginning of the Northern Court.
- しかし琳聖太子の記録は古代には無く、大内氏が琳聖太子後裔を名乗るのは14世紀以降とされるため、この伝説は信憑性に乏しい。
- However, because there is no record for Rinsho taishi in ancient times, and because it is said that the Ouchi clan came to call itself a descendant of Rinsho taishi from and after the 14th century, this legend lacks credibility.
- これ以降、秀吉をはじめとする羽柴家の人物は自らの名乗りに専ら「豊臣」を使うようになり、いかなる名字も使用した形跡は無い。
- After that, Hideyoshi and the other members of the Hashiba family began to use solely 'Toyotomi' to present themselves, and not a single use of any other myoji (family names) by them is traced.
- 人力車を新たに購入する場合にはこの3名の何れかから許可をもらうこととなったが、後述のとおり数年で有名無実となってしまう。
- Authorization from one of these men was required to purchase a new jinrikisha, although, as described below, this became ineffective after a few years.
- 清澄と定高に久我之助をわが家臣に、雛鳥を我が側室にせよと無理難題を言い渡し、花の枝を渡して返事に吉野川に流せと命令する。
- He unreasonably demands that Kiyosumi give Koganosuke as his vassal, and Sadaka to give Hinadori as his concubine, and orders them, handing branches of flowers, to throw the flowers in the Yoshino-gawa River for acceptance.
- 寺院の焼亡による仏の祟りという考え方も、仏には祟るという概念が無いため神祇信仰をそのまま仏に当てはめたものと理解できる。
- The view that the burning down of a temple may result in the arsonist being cursed by the Buddha is thought to come from the Japanese belief in Jingi, as Buddhism does not accept the concept of curses.
- 巡査による写真撮影を見た被告人は、巡査に対し「どこのカメラマンか」と抗議したが、巡査は被告人の抗議をことさらに無視した。
- When the defendant saw that the police officer was photographing, he protested to the police officer ''who are you photographing for?'' but he was ignored.
- これにより、義昭は実質的に信長の傀儡となり、信長の許可無しでは政治に影響力を保つことすらほとんどできなくなったのである。
- Accordingly, Yoshiaki virtually became Nobunaga's puppet, and he could even hardly keep his political influence without Nobunaga's permission.
- 更に当時の風習として、「朔旦冬至」の到来や回避を行うため、天体の動きとは無関係に人為的な暦の調整(「改暦」)が行われた。
- It was the custom of the day to manipulate the calendar in order to pretend that 'sakutan toji' came or did not come regardless of the cycle of celestial bodies (which is called 'kaireki').
- これを受け、関白となった秀吉は、1585年(天正13年)10月島津氏と大友氏に朝廷権威を以て停戦を命令(惣無事令)した。
- In response to this, Hideyoshi who had become a chancellor, ordered the Shimazu clan and the Otomo clan to cease fire by authority of the imperial court (sobuji rei - Peace edicts) in October 1585.
- 石田三成は無実であった秀次家臣団を哀れみ、また、浪人増加による社会不安を防ぐため、多くの秀次家臣団を石田氏に受け入れた。
- Mitsunari ISHIDA, who felt the need to prevent the social instability that may result from the increasing number of ronin, took pity on the former vassals of Hidetsugu and accepted them into the Ishida clan.
- 隣市の枚方市が「京阪間にろくな道無し」と言われるのに対して、八幡市では市街地においても大きな渋滞が発生することは少ない。
- Congestions rarely occur even in the urban district of Yawata City; in contrast its neighbor city, Hirakata City is noted that there are no roads to speak of between the Kyoto and Osaka region.
- その実践道徳の根本は、天地の心に帰することによって、その心を獲得し、私心をなくして無心となり、仁義を行うというものである。
- The basis of its philosophy of practical morality is to bring your heart into oneness with the spirit of the universe, to be selfless, to achieve a state of mind that is free from delusion, and to observe a code of humanity and justice.
- そのため、令制や他の官職解説と異なる記述や任命されることが無くなっていた四等官主典級及び判官級の一部の記事が省かれている。
- As a result, some of its descriptions are different from those of the Ritsuryo system or other instruction manuals and the explanations of fourth grade Sakan (secretary) or Hangan (inspector), to which none were appointed at the time, were omitted.
- 唐の『新修本草』を範に取り、その他漢籍医学・薬学書に書かれた薬物に倭名を当てはめ、日本での産出の有無及び産地を記している。
- The dictionary is modeled after 'Xinxiu Bencao' compiled in Tang-dynasty China, and includes names of medicines, which were found in other Chinese medical books and translated into Japanese, and information about whether the medicines (medical plants) were produced in Japan and where they were produced.
- 多くは実質的な目的よりも職場や友人、地縁的な付き合いの延長としての色彩が強く、中には一人で複数の無尽に入っている人もいる。
- There is a strong suggestion that many of them are an extension of working places, friends, and territorial associations rather than fulfilling the original purpose, and occasionally one person joins more than one Mujin.
- 民衆は無秩序に食料を求めて朝鮮・明軍・日本軍を襲い、食料調達が不足した日本軍・明軍・朝鮮軍は朝鮮民衆から現地徴発を行った。
- Common people attacked the troops of Korea, Ming and Japan disorderly looking for food and the latter, which suffered short supply of food, conducted local procurement from common people of Korea.
- さらに、日本兵の首に賞金を掛けたため都市部で朝鮮軍・明軍による朝鮮領民の首無し死体が続出するなど荒廃した状況が伝えられる。
- Furthermore, as a prize was offered for the heads of Japanese soldiers, it is reported there were situations in which a large number of bodies without heads of Korean people taken by the Korean and Ming troops in urban districts.
- 先代の称光天皇は1422年以降、幾度か危篤状態に陥るなど病弱で皇子が無く、後小松上皇は大覚寺統の動きを牽制する必要があった。
- Emperor Shoko was not well and had been in critical condition since 1422, and because he did not have any children, the Retired Emperor Gokomatsu felt the need to restrain the progression of the Daikaku-ji Imperial line.
- しかしながら、冷蔵技術の無い時代に誕生したがゆえ、酢〆にしたり醤油漬けにしたりと、タネにさまざまに「仕事」をする技法がある。
- However, because Edomae-zushi was invented in the era when no refrigeration technology was available, there exist various techniques to process materials for the toppings such as sujime (marinating in vinegar) or shoyu-zuke (pickling in soy sauce).
- 2007年1月、大阪松竹座午後の部の「九段目」では、市川團十郎 (12代目)の由良之助に、四代目坂田籐十郎の戸無瀬であった。
- In 'Act Nine' performed in the afternoon show at Osaka Shochiku-za theater in January 2007, Danjuro ICHIKAWA (the 12th) played the role of Yuranosuke and Tojuro SAKATA the fourth played the role of Tonose.
- そのため侠客の助六が「実ハ曾我五郎」で、白酒売りは「実ハ五郎の兄 曾我十郎」という、ややもすると荒唐無稽な設定になっている。
- That is a reason for its somewhat nonsensical setting such that a street knight Sukeroku is 'in fact SOGA no Goro,' and the sake-seller is 'in fact SOGA no Juro, an older brother of Goro.'
- ここで文化財と考えられるのは無形の「わざ(技術)」そのものであり、その「わざ」をもつ人や団体を「保持者」として認定している。
- The cultural properties here are deemed as intangible 'techniques' themselves, and the people or organizations that have such 'techniques' are certified as 'holders.'
- さりげなく南蛮や唐渡りの名物裂の袋に銀無垢の煙管を携えて、遊郭では静かに酒を飲んで冗談を楽しむという具合の御仁が人気だった。
- A gentleman, who would carry a solid silver tobacco pipe casually in a bag made of famed fabrics imported from Spain and Portugal, or China, and exchange jokes by drinking sake quietly, was especially poplar in Yoshiwara.
- この船は元亨3年(1323年)に入元したと思われ、2年後の正中 (日本)2年(1325年)2月、東福寺は無事修復されている。
- This ship is believed to have entered Yuan in 1323 and the Tofuku-ji Temple was reconstructed two years later in March, 1325.
- 時平は若くして亡くなり、天皇との外戚関係が無かったために摂関の地位に付かなかったものの、妹の藤原穏子を醍醐天皇の中宮とした。
- Tokihira died young and could not take up the position of Sekkan as he had no maternal relatives to the Emperor, but he made his younger sister, FUJIWARA no Onshi a chugu (the second consort of an emperor) of Emperor Daigo.
- 後妻・喜久との間に生まれた長岡忠恒・長岡忠春は、休無の死後に細川光尚から肥後熊本に招かれて熊本藩の一門家臣長岡内膳家となった。
- Tadatsune NAGAOKA and Tadaharu NAGAOKA, who were born between Kyumu and his second wife Kiku, were invited to Kumamoto, Higo by Mitsunao HOSOKAWA after the death of Kyumu and became the Nagaoka-naizen family, a vassal of the Kumamoto clan.
- 家臣の大星由良之助は京の遊里祇園で放蕩三昧の日々を送り、絶対に仇討ちは無いと師直側が油断したころに高の屋敷への討ち入りを決行。
- His vassal, Yuranosuke OBOSHI, leads a life of debauchery in Gion, a red-light district in Kyoto, and he attacks the Ko residence when Moronao, not anticipating revenge, lets his guard down.
- いまでは神道式の結婚式、地鎮祭、棟上、竣工式によく唄われ、無病息災、家内安全、商売繁盛をもたらす力(神通力)があるといわれる。
- Today, kiyariuta is often sung at the Shinto-style wedding ceremonies, jichinsai, muneage, and shunkoshiki, and it is said that it has a power (the divine power) to bring the state of perfect health, the safety of one's family, and prosperous trade.
- また、芸人は文化の伝承を無視する傾向が強く「平気で三本締めをやる東京本社の吉本興業など無知な会社に所属する」などと批判される。
- There is a criticism such as, 'Yoshimoto Kogyo Co., Ltd. that has its head office in Tokyo belongs to a group of ignorant companies' because entertainers have a strong tendency to ignore cultural traditions.
- だが、『東北怪談の旅』の小雨坊は青森県の話であり、大峰山や葛城山(近畿地方)の妖怪として石燕の描いた小雨坊とは無関係とされる。
- However, Kosamebo in 'Tohoku Kaidan no Tabi' is in Aomori Prefecture, and it is said that it has nothing to do with Kosamebo in Mt. Omine and Katsuragi (Kinki region).
- 義平次と徳兵衛が二役早替わりの演出もあるが、これは無残な死に方をした役の俳優が、幕切れに美しい姿で出る歌舞伎特有の演出である。
- One staging shows a quick change of clothes for the two roles of Giheiji and Tokube and this is a kabuki specific staging where an actor who died awfully appears as a beautiful figure at curtainfall.
- 前例の無い題材での和歌の会合であったために歌合の形式で開催され、また良基と参加者との連絡役には四辻善成・松殿忠嗣らがあたった。
- As this waka event used unprecedented subject matter, it was organized in the form of utaawase and Yoshinari YOTSUTSUJI and Tadatsugu MATSUDONO served as liaison between Yoshimoto and participants.
- 古代・中世の日本において、六位以下の無官の者(散位)に対して救済及び任官、昇叙の機会を得させるために輪番で散位寮に出仕させた。
- In ancient and medieval Japan, the government made post-less courtiers (Sani) with ranks lower than Rokui (Sixth Rank) serve for Saniryo (the office controling Sani, courtier without post) in order to help and give them chances for appointments or promotions.
- ただし、施しを目当てに物乞いが暗躍したこともあり、また本当に苦しんでいる者が物乞い扱いされ、無下にされたこともあったとされる。
- On the other hand, it is said that beggars crowded asking for help, and sometimes people who really needed assistance were considered to be beggars and were treated bluntly.
- 慶長2年(1597年)2月、和平交渉で無視された朝鮮南部割譲を実力で果たすという名目で、秀吉は14万人の軍を再び朝鮮に送った。
- In March 1597, Hideyoshi sent 140,000 troops to Korea with a pretext to achieve by force the cession of southern Korea which was ignored in the peace talks.
- 大名における実例はないものの、一般の武士における改易の理由として多いものに当主・隠居の欠落(出奔・無断脱藩)によるものがある。
- Although we have no examples of Daimyo being subjected to kaieki, one of the most common reasons for the kaieki of ordinary samurai was the running away (flight or escape from one's domain) of the current or former heads of households.
- このため北朝は、光厳の皇子で崇光の弟の後光厳天皇を神器無しで即位させ、併せて公武の官位を復旧させ、尊氏も征夷大将軍に復帰した。
- In response to this, the Northern Court took Kogon's son, Suko's younger brother, and raised him to the throne as Emperor Gokogon without the Imperial Regalia; thereafter the Northern Court restored both its nobles and samurai to their former ranks, and Takauji was also reappointed seii taishogun.
- そもそも丹波は、中央集権体制を進める明治政府の大久保利通らにより、但馬・丹後を含め似通った地域性を無視して2府県に分けられた。
- In the first place, Tanba, Tajima and Tango were divided up into two prefectures by people like Toshimichi OKUBO in the Meiji government who wanted to strengthen centralized control, ignoring their regional similarities.
- 康子内親王の遺骸は桂川 (淀川水系)の河原にて荼毘にふされたことは分かっているが、墓所がどこに築かれたかは記録が無く不詳である。
- It has been identified that the body of Imperial Princess Yasuko was cremated at the riverbed of Katsura-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River system), but the location of her tomb is unidentified because there is no record.
- しかし、父や叔父の死後は不遇のままであり、嵯峨天皇の玄孫(孫の孫)である陽成天皇の時代に無品親王のままで死去したと言われている。
- However, he remained in adverse circumstances after his father and uncle died; it is said that he died as the Imperial Prince without court rank in the era of Emperor Yozei, the great-great-grandson of Emperor Saga.
- 女帝の礼服(即位用の正装)と束帯(通常の正装・男帝の黄櫨染に相当)は明正天皇の例に従って白竜文(竜文は無文の綾地綾)を使用した。
- Her formal dress for the enthronement ceremony and the traditional formal court dress (ordinary formal dress, equivalent to Koro zen (yellowish brown color for an emperor - for male emperors) made of white silk fabric were worn, following the the example of Emperor Meisho (the fabric was made of figured cloth without a pattern).
- 清光は逸見(へみ)姓を名乗り武田を称した形跡は無いが、義清の孫にあたる武田信義は元服の際に武田八幡宮において武田を称したという。
- Kiyomitsu called himself Hemi, not Takeda, but Nobuyoshi TAKEDA, a grandson of Yoshikiyo, called himself Takeda when he celebrated his coming of age at Takeda Hachiman-gu Shrine.
- 崇神天皇・応神天皇・継体天皇など、古代の天皇の何人かは、前代の天皇とは血縁は無く皇位簒奪を行ったのではないかという説が存在する。
- There is a theory that says some Emperors in ancient times, such as Emperor Sujin, Emperor Ojin, and Emperor Keitai, usurped the imperial throne regardless of blood relations with the past Emperors.
- しかしかぶき者は色鮮やかな女物の着物をマントのように羽織ったり、袴に動物皮をつぎはうなど常識を無視して非常に派手な服装を好んだ。
- However, kabuki-mono, ignoring prevailing social trends, preferred very bold outfits, such as colorful kimonos for females worn like a cape, or a hakama (a kind of trousers, worn on a kimono) patched with animal skins.
- ハイパー時代劇:厳密な時代考証をいっさい無視し、西部劇・サイエンス・フィクションなど、あらゆるジャンルの要素をミックスした作品。
- Hyper jidaigeki include works that are a mishmash of elements from various genres such as Westerns and science fiction with little regard for historical accuracy.
- 狭義では、日本の文化財保護法や地方公共団体の条例における文化財の種類のひとつで、音楽や工芸技術などの無形の文化的所産を意味する。
- In a narrow sense, it means intangible cultural products such as music and applied arts, which belong to one category of cultural properties specified by the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties of Japan or ordinances of local public bodies.
- 石鼓は10基で1セットであるが、無造作に発掘されたために順序は明確ではなく、詩歌の解釈を通して現在の並びが妥当と判断されている。
- One set of sekko is constituted by ten stone monuments, however, they were carelessly excavated and, therefore, their order is not clear and it is determined that the present order is correct through the interpretation of the poems.
- そうすると、従来の伝統的方法よりもはるかに容易に、また原材料・人件費などのコストも無駄なく安価に、日本酒を製造することができる。
- In this way, sake can be produced at a lower cost without wasting raw materials and labor cost in comparison to the traditional brewing method.
- Then, Japanese sake is able to be produced far easier than in the conventional traditional method and without any waste of and inexpensively as to materials and costs such as the personnel expenses.
- そうすると、従来の伝統的方法よりもはるかに容易に、また原材料・人件費などのコストも無駄なく安価に、日本酒を製造することが出来る。
- Compared with the traditional ways, this method makes it possible to make sake much more easily at lower costs using original materials and labor efficiently.
- また発給者となる可能性が高かった左中弁・左少弁の署判の場合、単に「中弁・少弁」と書かれた(左大弁・右弁官にはこうした例は無い)。
- A signature placed by uchuben or sashoben, a person being most likely to issue an edict, was just 'chuben' or 'shoben' (there have been no previous cases in which sadaiben or ubenkan placed such a simple signature).
- 摂関時代は「ミウチ」の世界であり、それ故に摂関家自体、天皇の「ミウチ」になった者が摂関となるのであり、嫡男などという概念は無い。
- It was the world of 'miuchi' during the period of regents and their families or a person who became the 'miuchi' of the emperor who became a regent and had no notion of a legal son.
- 既に他大名を圧倒する国力と兵力を有していた秀吉は、どれほど犠牲を払おうとも一切無視して大軍でひた押しにする戦法を採ったのである。
- Hideyoshi, who had an overwhelmingly big power and military force, adopted the tactics to attack with a big army ignoring any big sacrifice.
- そして、その3年後二条御所と呼ばれていた押小路烏丸殿は、本能寺の変で明智光秀の襲撃を受けて焼失、以後再建されること無く荒廃した。
- 3 years later, Oshikoji Karasumadono, which was then called Nijo Palace, was attacked and burned down by Mitsuhide AKECHI during the Honnoji Incident, and was left to ruin without ever being rebuilt.
- 日本の右軍は黄石山城を、左軍は南原市城を攻撃、たちまち二城を陥落させ全州市城に進むと、ここを守る明軍が逃走したため無血占領した。
- The Right group of Japan attacked Hwangsoksan Castle while the Left attacked Namwon Castle and they immediately took both castles in the assaults and advanced to and occupied without blood Jeonju Castle, because the Ming army that had been defending the castle fled when they came close to it.
- また、元市民病院院長や元舞鶴市長(故人)の親族の応援を得て無所属で出馬した元舞鶴市会議員で前府会議員の斎藤によって保守分裂した。
- At the same time the former city assembly member and previous prefecture assembly member, SAITO, ran the race for mayor as an independent candidate backed by the former hospital director for Maizuru Municipal Hospital and relatives of the (now defunct) former Maizuru mayor, resulting in a split among the conservatives.
- この王の位を捨て、わざわざ朝臣より下の宿禰のカバネを授かると言う一見不可思議な行為は、藤原氏に対する処世術では無いかと推測される。
- His action of abandoning a title in the Imperial family and choosing to receive the title of Sukune, not a senior title Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles), is seemingly inscrutable, but this can be supposed as his way of getting along with the Fujiwara clan.
- 尚、この時に先々帝後桜町天皇は皇嗣継承のために伏見宮と接触、近衛内前と共に貞敬親王を推薦したが、貞敬親王が皇位に就く事は無かった。
- At that time, Emperor Gosakuramachi, who had been in power for the past two generations, had made contact with Fushiminomiya to succeed to the throne, whereupon he and Uchisaki KONOE recommended Imperial Prince Sadayoshi; however, there was no chance for Imperial Prince Sadayoshi to be a successor to the Imperial Throne.
- 一方、梅の樹は剪定に強く、むしろかなり切り詰めないと徒枝が伸びて樹形が雑然となって台無しになるばかりでなく、実の付き方も悪くなる。
- On the other hand, Japanese plum trees are resistant to pruning and if they are not trimmed sufficiently, not only can their shape be ruined, ripening of fruit can be affected.
- 「伊勢本」・「印度本」では「いろは順」は「いろは歌」のような47文字ではなく、「ゐ」「ゑ」「お」部が無い44文字で構成されていた。
- Although 'iroha order' contains 47 characters as recited in 'The Iroha' (a Japanese poem, probably written sometime during the Heian era), the iroha order in 'Isebon' and 'Indobon' consisted of 44 characters excluding 'ゐ' (wi), 'ゑ' (we) and 'お' (o).
- これによって、博士職を世襲する家以外から文章博士が登用される事は無くなり、博士達はそれぞれの家に家塾を設けて教育するようになった。
- Following this, the cases in which monjo hakase were recruited from other families than those which inherited positions of hakase died out and each hakase established their own government-backed school operated by themselves at their homes, providing education.
- 紀伊一国は豊臣秀長領となり、秀長は紀伊湊に吉川平介、日高入山に青木一矩、粉河に藤堂高虎、田辺に杉若無心、新宮に堀内氏善を配置した。
- The Kii Province became the territory of Hidenaga TOYOTOMI and he arranged Heisuke KIKKAWA at Kiiminato, Kazunori AOKI at Hidakanyuyama (日高入山), Takatora TODO at Kokawa, Mushin SUGIWAKA at Tanabe and Ujiyoshi HORINOUCHI at Shingu.
- 墨書きは「拾両後藤(花押)」で年号表示は無く後藤五代徳乗のものであり、上下左右に丸枠桐極印がそれぞれ一箇所、計四箇所打たれている。
- On the front, the name of the monetary unit and Tokujo GOTO (the fifth craftsman)'s Kao are written in ink as 'ten ryo Goto', the name of the era isn't written, and the Kiwamein of paulownia in a circle is stamped at the top, the bottom, the right and the left.
- また安房国、豊後国では異なる2つの神社を同一社のごとく記載していることから、現地を調査して編纂されたものでは無いことが推測される。
- Since the book lists two shrines of Awa Province and Bungo Province as one and the same shrine, it is considered that the writer hadn't gone to all the spots for research.
- 果無峠(はてなしとうげ、標高1114メートル)は、果無山脈の尾根を古道が横切る小平坦地で、半壊した法筐印塔と第十七番観音像がある。
- Hatenashi Pass (1,114 meters above sea level) is a small flat area which old road meets on the middle of the ridge of the Hatenashi Mountain Range, and there remain a half-damaged Hokyoin-to (Buddhist stupa) and the 17th Kannon-zo.
- 市域を北近畿タンゴ鉄道北近畿タンゴ鉄道宮津線が走っているが、市名「京丹後」が付けられた駅名は無く、存在するのは各町名の駅名である。
- Although Kitakinki Tango Railway Miyazu Line of Kitakinki Tango Railway Corporation (KTR) runs through the city, there is no station with the city name 'Kyotango,' but there are stations with the -cho (town) names before the merger.
- 後醍醐天皇は光厳天皇の即位と正慶の元号を廃止、光厳が署名した詔書や光厳が与えた官位の無効を宣言し、さらに関白の鷹司冬教を解任した。
- Emperor Godaigo declared both Emperor Kogon's reign and the Shukyo era name annulled, and announced that all imperial decrees signed by Kogon, or court appointments made by him, were invalid; he took the additional step of dismissing Fuyunori TAKATSUKASA from his position as kanpaku (chief advisor/Prime Minister).
- 1467年2月22日(応仁元年1月18日)、政長は無防備であった自邸に火を放つと、兵を率いて上御霊社(京都市上京区)に陣を敷いた。
- On February 22, 1467, Masanaga set on fire his own undefended residence, led samurai and took up a position at Kami Goryo Shrine (in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City).
- 大日本帝国憲法において軍の統帥権は、政府ではなく天皇にあると定められていることを理由に、政府の方針を無視し満州事変等を引き起こした。
- In the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the supreme command of the military was given to the Emperor, not to the government, and using that as a reason, the military ignored governmental policy and became involved in the Manchurian and other incidents.
- 羽咋市の無形文化財に指定されている唐戸山神事相撲は同地で仁政を敷いた命を偲んで命日である9月25日に相撲を行った事に由来するという。
- The origin of Karatoyama-shinji sumo in Hakui City, designated as an intangible cultural property, is said to be traced back to the event in which the people used to celebrate Sumo on the 25th day of the 9th month, the anniversary of Iwatsukuwake no mikoto's death, every year to recall him and his good governance.
- 近代に至るまで支持されつづけている要因には、その構成が周到かつ堅牢なうえに、丸本歌舞伎にありがちな荒唐無稽さも少ない点があげられる。
- The reason why it continues to remain popular even today is that its story is carefully and cleverly composed, and that it contains less of the nonsense, which is seen more often in marumoto kabuki (plays written for ningyo joruri).
- 『酔笑庵之記』に南京踊、『好色万金丹』巻4に「漢浦塞の踊」とあるのは、いずれも唐人おどりであるが、ただし歌詞の有無はあきらかでない。
- The terms 'Nankin-odori' seen in 'Suishoan no ki' and 'Kanposai no odori' seen in the volume 4 of 'Koshoku Mankintan' are both indicating tojin-odori, but it is unknown whether they had lyrics.
- なお2008年段階で、国や都道府県及び独立行政法人などの研究機関により、少花粉スギは121品種、無花粉スギは1品種が開発されている。
- National, prefectural and incorporated administrative agency research institutions had developed 121low-pollen Japanese cedar cultivars and 1 pollen-free Japanese cedar cultivar as of 2008.
- 義久に男子無く、また、忠恒の兄(鶴寿丸・島津久保)が若くして死去したため、義久の三女である亀寿と結婚し、島津氏宗家の後継者となった。
- Because Yoshihisa had no sons and Tadatsune's elder brothers Tsurujumaru and Hisayasu died young, he married Yoshihisa's third daughter, Kameju, and became a successor as the head of the Shimazu clan.
- 虐殺の有無や、虐殺された人数については諸説あるが、実際に従軍し直接見聞した有賀長雄は清国民間人の巻き添えが有ったことを示唆している。
- Opinions are divided on whether it was a massacre or not and, if so, how many people were killed, but Nagao ARIGA who was there in service and saw or heard what happened suggested that civilians were involved in the battle.
- 父祖が死亡している場合はもとより無関係であるが、父祖が存命中に子孫が父祖のために敵討をすれば、父祖も連座で罰せられるとの規定である。
- It goes without saying that this would be irrelevant if the father or grandfather were already dead; however, this provision stipulates that if the son or grandson avenged his father or grandfather while his father or grandfather was still alive, his father or grandfather would also be punished for being guilty by association.
- だが、1568年、織田信長が15代将軍・足利義昭を奉じて入京してきたときには、もはや三好氏には織田氏に対抗できるような力は無かった。
- But in 1586 when Nobunaga ODA entered the capital Kyoto under the 15th shogun Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, Miyoshi clan did not have the strength to hold out against Oda clan.
- また、果無山脈それ自体が近隣の河川(熊野川、日置川、富田川、日高川)の分水嶺となっており、工事による河川への悪影響が懸念されている。
- In addition, the Hatenashi mountain range is a dividing mountain of neighboring rivers (the Kumano-gawa River, the Hiki-gawa River, the Tonda-gawa River, and the Hidaka-gawa River), and adverse effect caused by constructions on the rivers is concerned.
- なお、関ヶ原の合戦後、織田長益の長男織田長孝は美濃国野村藩1万石の大名に取り立てられたものの、その子織田長則のときに無嗣改易となった。
- After the Battle of Sekigahara, Nagataka ODA, the first son of Nagamasu ODA, became a daimyo of Nomura Domain, Mino Province with a fief of 10,000 koku, but his son Naganori ODA was deprived of his fief because he had no children.
- この興行で衣装の拵えが「二重の小袖に紅裏、浅葱色無垢の下着を一つ前、紫縮緬の鉢巻、腰に一つ印籠と鮫鞘」という、ほぼ現在のかたちに整う。
- In these performances, the outfit for Sukeroku became almost the same as that of the present Sukeroku such as 'a shiny silk short sleeve kimono lined with scarlet cloth, a set of pure pale greenish-blue underwear, a purple silk crepe headband, and a small lacquered container bearing a crest and a sharkskin attached scabbard at the waist'
- 江戸時代が過ぎてもこの仕組みは残った、なお戦後は講を賭博行為とみなした連合国軍最高司令官総司令部により解散させられた(無尽講を参照)。
- This structure survived to the end of the Edo period, but the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ) regarded the 'ko' as gambling and dismissed it after the war (see the 'Mujin-ko' (beneficial association) section).
- しかし、善人は天国へ行き、悪人は地獄へ落ちるという考え方も一般的なので、どんな悪行をはたらいても死んだら無罪(無罰)という訳ではない。
- However, the idea that the good go to heaven while the wicked go to hell is also common, so it is not that whatever misdeeds one has committed, one is justified (unpunished) after death.
- 『八犬伝』刊行開始前に出された刊行予告から、一時馬琴には『合類大節用集』の記述を無視してまで物語を「七犬伝」とする構想があったという。
- According to an advance notice issued before the commencement of the publication of 'Hakkenden,' Bakin was at one point planning to write 'a story of the Seven Dog Warriors' even if it is not in accordance with the description in 'Gorui-daisetsuyoshu.'
- 日本では、椀などを口元に運ぶが、日本を除くアジアやヨーロッパ地域の主要なマナー上では、食器を手に持つことこそを無作法とすることが多い。
- In Japan, people bring the bowl and other eating utensils closer to their mouth, however, holding eating utensils is often considered to be bad from the point of view of manners in Asia and Europe.
- この戦が起きたのは、天正15年(1587年)12月の豊臣秀吉による奥羽惣無事令の発令後であり、本来この出兵は認められないはずであった。
- The battle broke out after the proclamation of a cease-fire edict for the Ou region issued by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in December 1587 and January 1588; which means that the allied dispatch of the troops by Uesugi should have been unlawful.
- 伯母子山地植物地区は東を十津川渓谷、南北と西を和歌山県境稜線で画された地域を指し、神納川を境にさらに伯母子区および果無区に細分される。
- The Obako mountains plant region refers to the area which is surrounded by Totsukawa Valley on the east and by the boundary of Wakayama Prefecture on the south, on the north and on the west; the area is further divided into Obako section and Hatenashi section by Jinno-gawa River.
- 室町幕府は守護大名による連合政権であり、足利家の執事職を起源とする管領は鎌倉幕府の執権ほどは実権が無く、幕政は原則的に合議制であった。
- Muromachi Bakufu was a united government of Shugo daimyos, and the control originating from the chamberlain position of the Ashikaga clan did not have the actual power that the regents of Kamakura Bakufu had; consequently, government by bakufu was in principle conducted through a council system.
- その後、義経が頼朝に許されることは無く、頼朝との対立が強まり、同年10月に後白河法皇に奏上して頼朝追討の宣旨を出させて挙兵するが失敗。
- Thereafter, Yoshitsune did not obtain Yoritomo's forgiveness, and their faceoff grew worse, until in November, Yoshitsune went to attend the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, who issued an Imperial decree that Yoritomo be hunted down and killed, whereupon Yoshitsune raised an army, but was defeated.
- 頼時は天喜5年(1057年)に戦死し、その息子の安倍貞任は康平5年(1062年)に敗死したが、安倍頼時の血統が絶えたわけでは無かった。
- Yoritoki was killed in battle in 1057, and his son, Sadato ABE, was defeated and killed in 1062 either, but the bloodline of ABE no Yoritoki did not die out.
- 彰仁親王には、王子女が無く当初、弟宮定麿王を養嗣子としていたが、明治36年(1902年)に定麿王が依仁親王として新たに東伏見宮家を創設。
- Imperial Prince Akihito did not have any Princes nor Princesses and adopted his younger brother, Prince Sadamaro, Sadamaro newly established as Imperial Prince Yorihito of the Higashi Fushimi no Miya family in 1902.
- だが、そこに現われた樵(前シテ)は、尋常な修行では渡る事は無理だから止めておくように諭し、暫く橋のたもとで待つがよいと言い残して消える。
- But then a woodcutter (lead role of the first half of the play) appears and warns him to stop crossing because it would be impossible to reach the other side with ordinary ascetic practices, and disappears after telling him that he had better wait a while at the foot of the bridge.
- 「こなたの懐に金なら四五十両のかさ、縞の財布にあるのを、とつくりと見、つけてきたのじゃ、貸してくだされ」と無理やり懐から財布を取りだす。
- He tries to take the wallet by force from Yoichibei's inside pocket saying, 'I have followed you as I know you have 40 to 50 ryo in your wallet. Please lend me money.'
- 4月11日、宇治市から女・子供ばかりの集団が仕事場の茶山から無断ではなれて、着の身着のままやってきたのが明和のお蔭参りの始まりと伝える。
- On May 24, a group of women and children left the tea hill in Uji City, where they worked, without permission and with only the clothes they were wearing, and this is said to be the beginning of okage mairi of the Meiwa era.
- 親無しとなった子猫たちに対して旧鼠は、夜な夜なそのもとへやってきてこれらの世話をし、猫たちが無事に育った後にどこかへと姿を消したという。
- Kyuso saw the motherless kittens every night and took care of thm; then once the kittens were safely grown up, kyuso disappeared somewhere.
- 一同凍りついたが、團十郎は無言で蓋をし「源蔵改めて受取ろう」と返して源蔵を引っ込ませたあと、「のう、玄番殿、主君の首を討つほどでござる。
- Everybody froze, but Danjuro closed the lid without a word, and made Genzo leave with 'we will receive it later Genzo,' and said, 'hey, lord Genbo, it is a grave matter of beheading of your master.'
- 従来、律令体制と連動してきた尾張国の猿投窯が、11世紀以後、購買層を支配者層から庶民層へとうつし、実用的な無釉の山茶碗の生産を開始した。
- The Sanage kilns of Owari Province had been linking to the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code), and after the 11th century, there was a change in buyers, from the ruling class to the common people class, and unglazed Yamajawan (bowl) began to be manufactured.
- 一方、包囲側の明軍も最低でも数万以上と推測される大軍を長期間展開するだけの食糧は無かった上に、島津軍の奇襲によって食料庫を焼失している。
- On the other hand, Ming army with at least several ten thousand soldiers that surrounded the castle lacked food required to move the huge army and lost the food warehouse from the surprise attack of Shimazu army.
- 本宮町八木尾を起点(第一番)とし、果無峠(第十七番)、果無集落(第三十番)を経て櫟砂古の第三十三番まで、山道沿いに配されている観音像群。
- It is a group of thirty-three Kannon-zo (statues of Kannon) located along the sections of mountain; it starts at Yagio, Hongu-cho (the 1st), stops by Hatenashi Pass (the 17th) and by Hatenashi Village (the 30th), and ends at Ichiizako (the 33rd).
- 好仁親王には後嗣が無く、後水尾天皇の第6皇子で親王の甥に当たる良仁親王(ながひとしんのう)が第2代を継承し、花町宮または、桃園宮と称した。
- Since Imperial Prince Yoshihito did not have any children, the Prince's nephew and Emperor Goyozei's sixth Prince, Imperial Prince Nagahito, succeeded to the second generation of the family, and was named Hanamachinomiya or Momozononomiya.
- だが、9代目の洞院公数が世の無常を感じて応仁の乱の最中である文明 (日本)8年(1476年)に突如全家財・文書を処分して出家してしまった。
- However, Kinkazu TOIN, the ninth generation of the family, suddenly disposed of all the household goods and documents when, in 1476 during the Onin War, he realized the absence of absolutes of the world and became a priest.
- したがって、皇族は生まれながらにして地位が決まっているため、親王宣下という形で王 (皇族)などの皇族に親王位を与える制度は無くなっている。
- Therefore, since the members of the Imperial family are born with the right for the titles, the system of giving the title of Imperial Prince to the members of the Imperial family like king (Imperial family) was abolished.
- 非常に簡単な道具を用いて家庭で作る事も可能だが、日本では酒税法において濁酒(だくしゅ)と呼び、許可無く作ると酒税法違反に問われる事になる。
- Although you can make Doburoku, which is called Dakushu in Japan under the Liquor Tax Act, using very simple tools at home, if you make it without permission, you will be charged with violating the Liquor Tax Act.
- しかし、家臣の大仏陸奥守や秋田城之介入道らに「今日は先祖北条義時公の御命日なので無益な殺生はお止しくだされ。」と諌められしぶしぶ助命する。
- His vassals including OSARAGI Mutsunokami and Jonosuke AKITA Nyudo persuaded Takatoki by saying, `Please do not kill someone unnecessarily because today is the anniversary of your ancestor, Yoshitoki HOJO's death,' and Takatoki unwillingly accepted to save ADACHI.
- 正しくは『鎮西八郎為朝外伝椿説弓張月』で、『保元物語』に登場する強弓の武将源為朝(鎮西八郎為朝)を中心とする勧善懲悪・荒唐無稽の伝奇小説。
- Its correct name was 'Chinzei Hachiro Tametomo Gaiden Chinsetsu Yumiharizuki' and was a romantic novel that focused on MINAMOTO no Tametomo (Chinzei Hachiro Tametomo), who was the busho (Japanese military commander) strong with arrows and appeared in 'Hogen Monogatari' (The Tale of the Hogen War) that rewarded the good and punished evil and filled with sheer nonsense.
- また小辺路で最も南にある峠である果無峠は果無山脈東端の峠であることから、果無山脈伝いに龍神村方面(田辺市龍神村)からの往来があったという。
- Since Hatenashi Pass was the southernmost pass of Kohechi and also the easternmost pass of the Hatenashi Mountain Range, people of Ryujin Village (Ryujin Village, Tanabe City) used some part of Kohechi which went through the Hatenashi Mountain Range.
- これに直接的な関連は無いが、1990年代前半に地方分権法案が審議され日本の遷都が検討された際に、仙台市も首都候補都市として挙げられていた。
- Irrelevant of this directly, Sendai City was named as one of the candidates for the capital when the draft 'law of decentralization of authority' was deliberated and the transfer of the capital in Japan was examined in the early 1990's.
- 日本の女性天皇としては5人目であるが、それまでの女帝が皇后や皇太子妃であったのに対し、結婚経験は無く、独身で即位した初めての女性天皇である。
- She is the fifth empress regnant in Japan, who, in contrast to the previous empresses having been empresses consort or crown princesses, had never gotten married and was single at enthronement, thus being the first virgin empress of Japan.
- 現代の日本人の大多数は、宗教に対する帰属意識は薄く、実際には宗教儀礼に参加しているにもかかわらず自分のことを「無宗教」と考える日本人も多い。
- The majority of Japanese people today lack a sense of belonging to religions, and many Japanese also consider themselves to have 'no religion,' although they actually engage in religious rituals.
- イヤ最前より家名の自慢ばかり申しても、御存知無い方には正真の胡椒の丸呑み、白河夜船、されば一粒食べ掛けて、その気味合いを御目に掛けましょう。
- No matter how much I boast about the family name, for those who have no idea, it's like swallowing up real peppercorns or being asleep on a ship at night (they don't know what is going on), so I will try one pill to show you how it works.
- 俗称として「文章道」という言葉もまた通用していた可能性はあるものの、「文章道」が公式な学科名として用いられたことは無かったと考えられている。
- The term 'monjodo' may have been used as a common name; however, it is believed that 'monjodo' was never used as an official name for the subject.
- しかし、その保真は、正保元年(1644年)3月10日、甥の岡本義政の謀略により殺害(泉騒動)され、保真に男子が無かったため野州塩谷氏は断絶。
- However, Yasumasa was killed by Yoshimasa OKAMOTO's conspiracy on April 16, 1644 (Izumi-sodo riot) and Yasumasa had no son; consequently, the Yashu SHIONOYA clan was discontinued.
- 同時に由良川に架かる橋であった音無瀬橋も2度流され、その費用補填のために大人4厘、子供2厘、牛馬は5厘という通行料を徴収したほどでもあった。
- Since the Otonase-bashi Bridge over the Yura-gawa River was also washed away twice, tolls of four rin (rin is an old auxiliary currency used until 1953; one rin is equivalent to 0.001 yen) for adults, two rin for children and five rin for cattle were collected to make up for the cost of repairs.
- 病弱で在ったと伝えられているが、それにしても皇族の身分であり、曲がりなりにも成年まで生き延びた人物が無位無官であったことは大きな疑問点である。
- Although it has been passed down that he was constitutionally weak, it is still largely doubted, even if that is the case, why he was conferred neither court ranks nor official positions given the fact that he was a member of the Imperial Family and a person who lived up to his full age.
- しかし、掛け声は上演中に観客から声を発する行為であり無制限に行えば雑音となるため、不文律として以下に挙げられる決まりごとが言われることが多い。
- However, as for kakegoe, since there are shouts from the audience during performances and it sometimes might become annoying, there are unwritten rules as follows.
- だが、東山天皇は今まで上皇が全てを握って自分が無力であった事に不満を抱いており、近衛基熙の補佐を得て親政を開始して幕府との関係改善をはかった。
- However, Emperor Higashiyama was frustrated that the Retired Emperor Reigen had all the political power and he did not have any means of control, so he tried to rule the government directly with the help of Motohiro KONOE in order to improve the relationship with the government of Edo.
- 皇位を巡る争いとは生涯無縁であったが、学識豊かで楽才にも優れた風流人であり、父醍醐天皇は崩御の間際に重明親王を代明親王共々召して遺詔を託した。
- He never had any disputes over the imperial throne, but he had made great attainments and had refined taste and excellent musical talent, so his father, Emperor Daigo, left him a will in the presence of both Imperial Prince Shigeakira and Imperial Prince Yoshiakira during the Emperor's last moment.
- 忠実が白河院によって罷免された際、後任としてその長男忠通が就いたが、鳥羽院政が開始すると忠実は内覧に復し、忠通の関白は有名無実のものとなった。
- When Tadazane's position was taken away from the Retired Emperor Shirakawa, Tadazane's eldest son, Tadamichi took the position as a successor, however when the Retired Emperor Toba started his cloister government, Tadazane became Nairan, thus, Tadamichi's position as the Chancellor had no significant meaning.
- 信玄は隣国の今川氏、後北条氏と同盟を結んで後顧の憂いを無くして信濃侵攻を進め、北信濃地域の領有を巡って越後の上杉氏と衝突した(川中島の戦い)。
- After eliminating anxiety about being attacked from behind by allying himself with the neighboring Imagawa and Gohojo clans, Shingen invaded Shinano and clashed with the Uesugi clan of Echigo over the possession of the northern Shinano region (the Battle of Kawanakajima).
- 華族制度は成立当初、一君万民の概念に背き、天皇と臣民の間を隔てる存在であり、華族は無為徒食の徒であるとして華族制度の存在に反対するものもいた。
- When the kazoku system was established, some persons opposed the existence of such a system saying that the system was contrary to the concept of 'One emperor and all of the other people are commoners' and that kazoku were useless people eating without doing anything.
- これ以外に、プロパンガスコンロを仕込んだカートを使って、煮込み料理、揚げ物などを売る業者が街角に現れることがあるが、基本的に無資格販売である。
- On some occasions, street stall carts use attached propane gas to cook food operate their businesses serving food such as; stew and deep-fried food at street corners, but basically, these sellers operate without licenses.
- 井原西鶴は日本永代蔵に「長崎に丸山という処なくば、上方銀無事に帰宅すべし、爰通ひの商い、海上の気遣いの外、いつ時を知らぬ恋風恐ろし」と記した。
- Saikaku IHARA wrote in Nihon Eitaigura as follows: 'if there isn't Maruyama in Nagasaki, silver will safely arrive at Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area), so the business of 爰通ひ, concerns at sea and unpredictable love wind are feared.'
- 来日した外国人や、熱心な宗教信者となった日本人は、多くの日本人が無意識の内に「和」を至上のものとする思想をもつことを見出すことができるという。
- Foreign visitors to Japan and the Japanese who become avid religious followers say they can see that many Japanese people unconsciously have an idea of placing supreme importance on 'harmony.'
- だが、近松作品の特徴である「恋のもつれ」が無く、更に主人公・与兵衛が救いのない不良で観客の同感を寄せにくいキャラクターであったからと思われる。
- Perhaps it was because it did not feature 'entanglements of love', which were characteristic of CHIKAMATSU plays, and because the main character, Yohei, is a complete villian, which makes it difficult for the audience to feel sympathetic towards him.
- 前者とすると院らの収入が少なすぎる上に任命された受領にとってのメリットも無くなるために後者であろうと考える説が有力であるが、詳細は不明である。
- According the to first theory, income to the recipients would have been too small and zuryo would not benefit from the system, so the second theory is more plausible, however the details are unknown.
- 明治9年(1876年)全華族の融和と団結を目的とした宗族制度が発足し、華族は武家と公卿の区別無く系図上の血縁ごとに76の『類』として分類された。
- In 1876, Sozoku System (the system of the paternal family group) was enacted for the integration and solidarity of kazoku, and according to it, all kazoku were classified into 76 groups based on the family lines regardless of the differences of their original statuses as buke (samurai families) and kugyo (court nobles).
- 『日本書紀』『藤氏家伝』などの同時代史料には全く記載が無く、『本朝皇胤紹運録』に弘文天皇(大友皇子)の妃となり壱志姫王を産んだと伝えられている。
- There is no description about her in those historical materials of the same period such as 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) and 'Toshi Kaden' (Biographies of the Fujiwara clan), and the 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) reports that she married the Emperor Kobun (the Prince Otomo) and gave birth to Ichishihime no Okimi.
- また逆に、元の禅僧清拙正澄(得宗北条高時が来日を要請)や、すでに渡元していた日本僧古先印元・無隠元晦らが同船し、来日・帰国を果たしたと見られる。
- On the other hand, Zen priests in Yuan, Seisetsu Shocho (at the request of Takatoki HOJO), as well as Japanese priests, Kosen Ingen and Muin Genkai are believed to have been on board traveling to and return from Japan.
- かつては10世紀初頭以降の政治状況・社会状況を指して、中央政府が統治権をほとんど放棄し、地方の無秩序状態をきたした状態と評価されたこともあった。
- In the past, political/social situations in the early 10th century was thought of as a society where the central government abandoned almost of its ruling power and invited the state of chaos in the provinces.
- 杉若無心はおよそ一千人を率いて山本康忠の籠る龍松山(市ノ瀬)城(現上富田町)に向かい、仙石秀久・尾藤知宣・藤堂高虎は千五百の兵で湯河勢を追った。
- While Mushin SUGIWAKA left for Ryushosan (Ichinose)-jo Castle (present Kamitonda-cho) where Yasutada YAMAMOTO stayed, leading about 1,000 soldiers, Hidehisa SENGOKU, Tomonobu BITO and Takatora TODO chased the Yukawa troops, leading 1,500 soldiers.
- さらに、これらの山脈は、東西方向に走る地質構造に影響されて、果無山脈、大塔山地といった東西方向に走る山脈を多数派生・交差させながら発達している。
- These mountain ranges are influenced by the geological structure that extends east and west, and derives and crosses a lot of mountain ranges including the Hatenashi Mountain Range and the Oto mountains which run east and west.
- そのため、家臣団の意向を無視する主君は、しばしば家臣団の衆議によって廃立され、時には家臣団の有力者が衆議に基づいて新たな主君となることもあった。
- As a result, those lords who ignored the desires and ideas of their retainers were often driven from power and replaced by someone else via a meeting of the retainers, and occasionally a powerful retainer would install himself as the new lord with the support of the group of retainers.
- Therefore, some lords who ignored their vassals' intention were dethroned through discussions by the vassals, and at times, a powerful vassal became the lord based on the consultation.
- 興世王、将門、武芝は承平9年5月2日付けで常陸・下総・下野・武蔵・上野5カ国の国府の「謀反は事実無根」との証明書をそえて送ると朝廷は疑いを解いた。
- The certifications sent by Prince Okiyo, Masakado and Takeshiba dated May 2, 939, dispelled the court's doubts because the provincial office of five provinces--Hitachi, Shimofusa, Shimotsuke, Musashi and Kozuke--suggested in the certification that the rumor of a planned rebellion was groundless.
- 『豊臣』の由来ははっきりしておらず、「聖徳太子の名前「豊聡耳(とよとみみ)」から取られたという説などがあるものの、現在のところ定まった見解は無い。
- The origin of the 'Toyotomi' is not clear, and there is no established opinion on it, although there are some theories including that, it derived from the name of Prince Shotoku, 'Toyotomimi.'
- 配下の男子20数人しか持たない段階の大海人皇子が、挙兵発覚の危険を冒して駅鈴を求めさせたのは、高坂王の無為とともに多くの学者の不審を買う点である。
- The act of Prince Oama who took up arms when he only had two dozen followers, to send envoys to call for Takasaka no Okimi to hand over ekirei cast discredit on many scholars as well as emphasized Takasaka no Okimi's idleness.
- 「軍の統帥権は天皇にあるのだから政府の方針に従う必要は無い」と憲法を拡大解釈して軍が大きな力を持つこととなった(権力の二重構造、統帥権干犯問題)。
- Stretching interpretation of the constitution the military insisted that 'they do not have to follow the government policies because the Supreme Command lies on the Emperor' and the military gained power (Dual System of Power and the Problem of the infringement of Independence of the Supreme Command)
- 一方でそれら守護や国人の支配権は無条件に強固になったわけではなく、被官が他の守護に寝返ったり、他の国人と一揆を結んで守護の干渉を防ぐこともあった。
- On the other hand, strengthening the ruling power of a Shugo or Kokujin was not necessarily accomplished smoothly, due to vassals often changing loyalty to other Shugo or rebelled against a Shugo in an alliance with another Kokujin.
- 登山も盛んで、代表的な登山口としては京都市左京区修学院から登る雲母坂、滋賀県側の門前町・坂本 (大津市)から無動寺谷を通って登る登山道などがある。
- Hiking is popular, and a famous trail begins at Shugakuin in Sakyo Ward of Kyoto City and goes up Kirarazaka hill; another one on the Shiga Prefecture side begins in Monzenmachi, Sakamoto (Otsu City), and goes up through Mudojidani valley.
- 罪無くして死んだ父を弔い、また父の雪辱を果たすべく雄略への復讐に走ることもあったが、長く辺土で苦労した経験から民衆を愛する政治を執ったと伝えられる。
- Holding memorial services for his father who was murdered without any crime and sometimes retaliating against the murderer Yuryaku, the Emperor is said to have conducted the affairs of the state with love for the common people, which arose from his experience of having had a tough time in far-off places.
- 現代は成人女性のもつ柾目引きの檜扇ばかり見かけるが、平安時代は板目引きの、小振りで花鳥を描いた子供用の檜扇や無地の若年男性用・老人用の扇も存在した。
- Today, adult women always use hiogi of straight-grained slates, but in the Heian period, there were small-sized hiogi for children made of cross-grained wood with drawings of flowers and birds, as well as plain fans for young men and for elderly.
- これらは鞘の木地に薄革を着せ黒漆をかけるという手法や、簡素で実用的な金具類の使用、装飾がほとんど無いなどの特徴から、実用的な外装であったと思われる。
- Their mountings featuring scabbards covered with thin leather, black-lacquer finish, simple and practical fittings, and minimal decoration suggest that the mountings are designed for practical use.
- あまつさえ、豊臣秀頼を大和郡山に転封の上、将軍家に毎年参勤、高台院を人質に江戸にさし交わすこと、さもなくば攻めほろぼすとの無理難題を突きつけている。
- In addition, he made an unreasonable demand for the transfer of Hideyori TOYOTOMI to Yamatokoriyama, annual sankin (daimyo's alternate-year residence in Edo), and offering Kodaiin to Edo as a hostage, intimidating to attack the family otherwise.
- しかし、異文化間の戦争のため明・朝鮮の指揮官は民衆を巻き込んだ籠城に徹し、守将の降伏による無血開城よりも民衆を巻き込んだ落城を選ぶケースが多かった。
- As it was a war between different cultures, however, commanders of Ming and Korea devoted themselves to the tact of holding the castle involving common people and, in many cases, they chose the fall of the castle involving common people rather than bloodless surrender of a defense general.
- 寛和2年(986年)兼明親王が嵯峨野の亀山に山荘(雄倉殿)造営の際清泉が無いのを嘆き、亀山の神に祈って霊泉を得られたことが『本朝文粋』に記されている。
- It is recorded in 'Honcho monzui' that in 986, Imperial Prince Kaneakira lamented because there was no seisen (pure spring) when he constructed a villa (Oguradono) at Kameyama in Saga-no and prayed to the God of Kameyama, then he could gain a spiritual spring.
- また鎌倉時代初期以前より近衛府の中将や少将(公卿以外の殿上人であっても)は宣旨を得ずに参内に用いることができたが、公卿でないものは無文直衣を使用した。
- Also Chusho (assistant position to Konoe fu) and Shosho (assistant position to Konoe fu, one rank below to Chusho) of Konoe fu (even tenjobito (a high ranking courtier allowed into the Imperial Palace) apart from the court nobles) were allowed to wear Noshi in the Palace without receiving Senshi since early Kamakura period, those who were not court nobles wore plain Noshi without a pattern.
- 滅亡の原因は、一般的に言われている氏真の「無能」ぶり以上に、父・義元の度重なる外征がもたらした領国内の疲弊が深刻であったため、と近年では言われている。
- It is said recently that the clan collapsed because the economy of the territories worsened due to frequent wars by his father Yoshimoto rather than because Ujimasa was 'incompetent' as was generally rumored.
- しかし、それ以外の外交とは関係の無い国内向けの公文書(例えば日本人向けの勲記、辞令等)においても「日本国皇帝」を発令者とするものが多数確認されている。
- However, many official documents for domestic communication that have nothing to do with diplomacy (e.g. certificates for decoration for the Japanese, appointment letters, etc.) with the title 'Nihonkoku Kotei' as issuer are identified.
- 戦後、何度かマスコミュニケーションに取り上げられて一時的なブームが起こったことがあったが、定着することは無く、男性下着売り場の一角を占めるに至らない。
- During the period, fundoshi got some attention for sevel times, featured by the mass media, and each time invoked a temporal boom; but it has never taken root and has never resulted in occupying one of corners of the male undergarment shop.
- だが、幕府には他人に髪を結わせるという行為が贅沢だと目をつけられてたびたび禁止令を出されていた(とはいえ耳を貸すような女性は皆無に等しかったのだが)。
- However, bakufu regarded the deed to have someone fix hairdo as luxury and often imposed the ban (still, little women listened).
- この後、熊野記念館の調査報告には遂に無住の廃屋となったことが報告されたが、2002年に宇江が訪れたときには廃屋すらなくなり、残骸のみになってしまった。
- After that, the team of the Kumano Kinenkan Museum reported that there had been no resident in the house, and in 2002 when Ue visited it, there was only the remains of the house.
- 学会では「『一代要記』などの65歳は56歳(同55歳)の写し間違いであり、逆算して631年生まれである」としているが、無理があると反対する研究者もいる。
- Although some researchers don't agree, the academy claims that the Emperor Tenmu was 55 (56) years old when he passed away and the year of birth should be in 631 if you back-calculate, even though the papers like 'Ichidaiyoki' say he was 65 years old, because the academy thinks that the compilers of those papers mistook 55 for 65 in the text-editing operation.
- 「主權が君主にあるか國家にあるかといふことを論ずるならばまだ事が判ってゐるけれども、ただ機關説がよいとか惡いとかいふ論議をすることは頗る無茶な話である。
- I can still understand if they argue about which of monarch or state has sovereign power, but it's really nonsense to discuss whether the Organ Theory is good or bad.'
- ただし、九州地方の一部では、初期の突取式捕鯨期には鯨油生産のみが行われて食用習慣が無く、皮下脂肪以外の鯨肉は沖合いに運んで廃棄していたという記録もある。
- However, in some parts of Kyushu, whales were only for producing oil and were not eaten in the hand-harpooning whaling era, and the record remains that the whale meat except subcutaneous fat were carried off the coasts and were dumped there.
- また、ブリティッシュ馬術における軽速歩が無いといわれることもあるが、日本でそういわれているだけのことで、Posting Trotといわれる乗り方がある。
- Some Japanese say that in the Western equestrianism there is no correspondence to the rising trot of the British equestrianism, but the Western equestrian performs 'the posting trot' which corresponds to the rising trot.
- 日本の文化財保護法においては、「無形文化財」は「高度に洗練された技術」「プロの技術」を指し、その技術をもつ特定の個人や団体が「保持者」として認定される。
- According to the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties of Japan, 'intangible cultural properties' refer to 'highly sophisticated techniques' and 'professional skills,' and individuals and organizations that have such techniques and skills are certified as 'holders.'
- 付録だけでなく収録語数も増加していったが、多様な分類方法・付録の有無などが異なる多くの派生を生み出した『早引節用集』が広まり、他の形式を駆逐していった。
- Not only the appendixes but also the entries continued to increase, but in particular, 'Hayabiki setsuyoshu,' which spawned many derivatives with different varieties of classification methods or attachment of appendixes, became most popular and began to drive out others.
- しかし、宗忠は単に「私記」と記してあった書が『清慎公記』と気づかずに、後日になって同書を譲ったとする顕仲と事実無根とする宗忠の間に紛争となったとされる。
- However, Munetada didn't recognize the book, simply titled 'Shiki,' as ''Seishinko-ki,'' and later there was a conflict between Akinaka who claimed he gave the book to Munetada, and Munetada who claimed he didn't receive it.
- これに対して田租を納め無い田を不輸租田と呼ぶ(ただし、いずれにも属しない輸地子田(乗田・無主田・収公田など田租の替わりに地子を納める田地)も存在する)。
- On the other hand, rice fields which were exempted from denso were called fuyusoden (provided that rice fields which didn't belong either of the above two categories called yujishiden (such as joden, mushuden and shukoden on which jishi (land tax) was imposed instead of denso) also existed).
- 十和田湖火山噴火に伴う洪水から高台に逃げ出した集落からは、専門に鉄製品を作っていた集落も発掘されており(大館市)蝦夷は鉄を朝廷側から得る必要も無かった。
- The settlement specializing in iron products was found in Odate City from the settlements that had escaped the flood caused by the eruption of the volcano in Lake Towada-ko, thus demonstrating that the Emishi didn't need to obtain even iron from the Imperial Court.
- さて政元には実子は無く、関白・九条政基の末子である細川澄之、細川氏阿波細川氏からの細川澄元、さらに細川氏野州家からは細川高国の3人を迎え養子にしていた。
- As Masamoto did not have a biological child, he adopted three sons: Sumiyuki HOSOKAWA, the youngest child of the kanpaku (chief advisor to the Emperor) Masamoto KUJO, Sumimoto HOSOKAWA from the Awa Hosokawa clan and Takakuni HOSOKAWA from the Yasu family of the Hosokawa clan.
- このことから、狭々城山君の姓は陵戸とは無関係に存在していたと考えられ、実際には仁徳天皇の名代である雀部(ささきべ/ささべ)を祖先とする一族だと思われる。
- Consequently, it is thought that the family name of Sasakiyama gimi would have nothing to do with Misasagi no He but would instead be a family descended from Sasakibe (or Sasabe) owned by Emperor Nintoku.
- また、藤原行成の『権記』にも皇太子辞退の報を受けて、顔相に詳しくないと前置きしながら「無龍顔」(天皇の相ではなかった)と述べている(寛仁元年8月8日条)。
- It is also stated in 'Gonki' (FUJIWARA no Yukinari's diary) that Atsuakira's face was not a face deserved for an emperor saying that he was not familiar with physiognomy when he heard about Atsuakira's refusal to remain crown prince (article written on September 6, 1017).
- 白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させて院政を開始する事になった。
- In the following year, Emperor Shirakawa disregarded his father's will, making his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito (who later became Emperor Horikawa) an Imperial Prince; the same day, he abdicated the throne in favor of Imperial Prince Taruhito accordingly and Emperor Horikawa ascended to the throne, thus initiating the government by the Retired Emperor Shirakawa.
- この間、室町幕府を打倒しこれにとってかわった織田信長の後継者たる地位を得た豊臣秀吉が関白となり、その権威を以って天下に惣無事令を発し、諸国の戦乱を禁じた。
- During the same period, in the central government, Nobunaga ODA overthrew Muromachi bakufu and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI became Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) as a successor of Nobunaga and issued with his authority sobuji rei (Peace edicts) throughout the nation to ban wars in all the provinces.
- 法文を素直に解釈すると、大日本帝国憲法においての天皇は大きな権力を持っていたように読めるが、明治以降も、天皇が直接命令して政治を行うことはあまり無かった。
- Reading the contents literally gives the impression that the Emperor had great power; but even after the Meiji period, the Emperor rarely governed the affairs of state directly.
- 演劇改良運動の影響を受けた明治時代の後期になって、従来の荒唐無稽な筋書きではなく、近代社会にふさわしい歌舞伎劇を志す文学者が新たな作品を書くようになった。
- In the late Meiji period, when Engeki kairyo undo (theatrical performance improvement movement) was influential, new works were written by literary people who pursued kabuki plays suitable for modern society instead of those with traditional preposterous stories.
- 他方、ヒゲクジラ類については比較的有害物質の含有濃度は低く、特に南極海で捕獲されたものに関してはほとんど蓄積が無いことから、特段の制限は設けられていない。
- On the other hand, concerning baleen whales, no specific restrictions are imposed, because relatively small amounts of harmful substances are accumulated in these whales and in particular, almost no harmful substances are accumulated in the whale caught in the Antarctic ocean.
- しかし、一般的に普及したのは明治の廃刀令以降と思われ、それまで武士が身に着けていた刀が、一部分の軍用の他には無用の長物となり、保管の対象になってしまった。
- However, it seems that it spread among the general public after the decree banning the wearing of swords was promulgated in Meiji Period, when swords worn by samurai became no longer necessary and went into storage except for those for military use.
- しかしそれが無い場合には神木を興福寺金堂に移し、石上神宮・吉野勝手明神両社に神輿の派遣を要請、更に場合によっては東大寺などの南都七大寺にも支援を要請する。
- If not, they transferred shinboku to 'Kondo-hall' (the main hall) of Kofuku-ji Temple, asked both Isonokami-jingu Shrine and Yoshino-katte-myojin Shrine to send 'mikoshi' (portable shrines carried in festivals), and occasionally called for help to seven large temples of 'Nanto' (southern capital, referring to Nara), including Todai-ji Temple.
- もっとも朝鮮側にしてみれば使者は表向きが「祝賀使」であり実態は「賊探使」に過ぎず、秀吉に対して「朝貢」したつもりも「服属」したつもりも無かった訳であった。
- Although the Joseon Dynasty officially sent 'celebratory delegates,' their real intention was to learn about Japan's current situation, and they did not intend to pay 'tributes' or yield allegiance to Hideyoshi.
- この他にも立花の史料の扱い方に関する問題が、江戸時代の信用に欠ける『明智軍記』などを検証無く多数引用する、など谷口克広の2007年の著作に提起されている。
- In addition, the writing of Katsuhiro TANIGUCHI in 2007 raised a question about TACHIBANA's way of handling historical materials such as quoting many unreliable materials of the Edo period such as 'Akechi Gunki' (biography of Mitsuhide AKECHI) without verification.
- もし間人皇女=「中皇命」とすれば、なぜ彼女だけが特別にこうした呼称で呼ばれる必要性があったのかを考えられるが、斉明天皇だとする説もあり、必ずしも確証は無い。
- If Hashihito no Himemiko was the same person as 'Nakatsusumera-mikoto,' there is a question why only she had this special name; alternatively, it is said that this name could have been for Empress Saimei, but there is no proof.
- 伏見宮家から後花園天皇が践祚した時に、自動的に伏見宮家の血筋が皇室に横滑りし、弟の伏見宮貞常親王も皇弟となって伏見宮家というくくりを無くす選択肢もありえた。
- When the Emperor Gohanazono from the Fushiminomiya family acceded to the throne, the bloodline of the Fushiminomiya family became the main line, and the family could have chosen to eliminate the demarcation between the Fushiminomiya family and the reigning Imperial Family so that the Emperor Gohanazono would be succeeded by Imperial Prince Sadatsune FUSHIMINOMIYA, the Emperor Gohanazono's brother.
- 天応 (日本)元年(781年)4月15日 (旧暦)には山部親王が即位して桓武天皇となり、延暦2年(783年)2月5日 (旧暦)には無位から正三位に叙される。
- On May 16, 781, Prince Yamanobe ascended the throne as Emperor Kanmu and, on March 16, 783, she was promoted to Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) from no rank.
- しかしその直後に義満は後継者不指名のまま急死し、四代将軍となった足利義持や幕府重臣により先例無しとして太上法皇位の追号も取りやめられ、朝貢貿易も停止された。
- However, immediately afterward, Yoshimitsu died suddenly without assigning the successor and the posthumous title of Daijo Hoo and tribute trade were halted by Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, the fourth shogun and senior vassals of the bakufu, since they were historically unprecedented.
- 油井昌由樹や隆大介、清水大敬(当時は「清水のぼる」名義)、阿藤海、島香裕など、無名の俳優、新人俳優から演技経験の全くない素人までが数々の重要な役で出演した。
- Many unknown and new actors, plus amateurs with no acting experience, including Masayuki YUI, Daisuke RYU, Taikei SHIMIZU ('Noboru SHIMIZU' at the time), Kai ATO, Yu SHIMAKA, were cast in leading roles.
- そして、1297年(永仁5)、大彗星が現れると世相に不安が拡がり、当時の徳政観念に従って、貞時は、財物を元の持ち主へ無償で帰属させる永仁の徳政令を発布した。
- When a large comet appeared in 1297, anxiety spread across society, and, according to the Tokusei concept of the time, Sadatoki issued the Einin no Tokuseirei (a debt cancellation order) by which properties had to be returned to the original owner without compensation.
- 加えて、熊野参詣道といえば中辺路がまず想起される存在であることも手伝い、注目を浴びることの無かった小辺路は、やがて半ば「埋もれた熊野参詣路」となっていった。
- In addition, since Nakahechi was well known as a Kumano pilgrimage road and Kohechi did not draw much attention from the beginning, in the Showa era, Kohechi gradually became almost 'an unknown Kumano pilgrimage road'.
- 「江戸無血開城」に成功し、事実上幕府を滅亡させた新政府の東海道軍を率いる西郷隆盛は、旧幕府穏健派の勝海舟との関係から、彰義隊への対応の甘さが指摘されていた。
- Takamori SAIGO, the commander of the Tosando-gun army of the new government which successfully brought about the bloodless surrender and virtually abolished the Shogunate, was criticized for his leniency toward the Shogi-tai because of his relationship with Kaishu KATSU, a soft-liner from the former Shogunate.
- しかし応永2年(1395年)、足利義満は出家、滿仁は出家する気は毛頭なかったが、上記のように弱みを握られていたため、同年7月2日に無理矢理出家に追い込まれた。
- In 1395, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA became a priest while prince Mitsuhito did not at all wish to become one, however, on July 27 of the same year, he was forced to become a priest.
- 通常の「見取り狂言」の枠内でその場その場のみを上演すればまったく問題のない設定でも、「通し狂言」で上演すると前後のつながりが明白なので無理矛盾が生じてしまう。
- There are scenes that make sense when they are performed independently within the framework of 'Midori kyogen' (select performance pieces), but these scenes become nonsensical when they are performed as a 'toshi kyogen' (performance of the entire play) because the content becomes too obvious.
- 以後、贈位は亡くなった高位の貴族への恩典として、さらには無実の罪で亡くなった者、或いは派遣途上でなくなった遣唐使の慰霊や名誉回復を目的で行われるようになった。
- From then on, zoi became a special dispensation for high ranked nobles that have passed away; moreover, it began to be carried out for the purposes of comforting the spirit and restoring impaired reputations of those who died on false charges, or for the Kento-shi (Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) who died in their journey.
- (ただし、後醍醐天皇が元弘の変後に京都に帰還した際にこの人事は無効とされ、その後の北朝も特にこれを取消す措置を取らなかったため名義上は「前右大臣」であった)。
- However, this promotion was nullified by Emperor Godaigo when the emperor returned to Kyoto after the Genko Incident, and even later as the Northern Court did not take measures to restore Kanesue's position, his nominal title was 'former Udaijin.'
- 系譜に理由の記載は無いが、この2年後に本家である宇都宮氏も改易された事実とあわせて考えると、豊臣政権内の政争に巻き込まれたものと考えられているが定かではない。
- There is no description of the reason in the family tree, but two years later the UTSUNOMIYA clan, a head family, was also ordered 'kaieki', which suggests they were involved in political strife in the TOYOTOMI administration, but this isn't clear.
- しかし、日本には西洋のような「美術」と「工芸」の厳然たる区別は無く、日本の美術品は総じて装飾的・工芸的とみなされヨーロッパ美術よりも一段低いところに置かれた。
- However, the clear distinction between arts and crafts seen in the West did not exist in Japan, so Japanese art, as a whole, was deemed too decorative and technical, and it was ranked a bit lower than European art.
- 李氏朝鮮王朝では釜山に集結中の日本軍を朝鮮水軍で攻撃するように命令したが、度重なる命令無視のために三道水軍統制使の李舜臣は罷免され、後任には元均が登用された。
- Although Yi Dynasty Korea ordered the Korean navy to attack the Japanese army that had assembled in Busan, Yi Sun-sin, who was the Naval Commander of the Three Provinces, was removed from his post because of repeatedly ignoring orders and Won Gyun was appointed the successor.
- 時代が下がり江戸時代になると皇位継承又は世襲親王家(伏見宮家・桂宮家・有栖川宮家・閑院宮家)相続と無関係の皇族は皆出家する慣例となり、賜姓皇族は現れなくなった。
- By the Edo period, it had become a custom for all the Imperial Families to enter into the priesthood who were not related according to Imperial succession or who were not one of the heredity Imperial Family members (the Fushiminomiya family, the Katsuranomiya family, the Arisugawanomiya family, the Kan innomiya family), there was no Shisei Imperial Family existing.
- なお、親王任国においては、太守の俸禄は太守の収入に、その他の料物については無品親王(官職に就けない内親王含む)に与えられたと考えられているが、詳細は不明である。
- Although it is believed that Taishu of Shinno-ningoku received their salary but gave other revenues to Muhon-Shinno (Imperial prince without court rank) (inclusive of Imperial Princesses without official position), the details are not clear.
- また、上意討ち・無礼打ちに理不尽を感じた者は、両者にどのような身分差があれど(たとえ上司であっても)、脇差でならたとえ殺すことになっても刃向かうことも許された。
- Any person who felt Joiuchi (kill of offender) or Bureiuchi (kill of dishonor) outrageousness was allowed to fight against or even kill his enemy using a short sword however overcoming their status distinctions were (even the enemy was his superior).
- 御下知の儀、皆以て御棄破あり、其上御思案なされ、相定められるべき事(これまでに義昭が諸大名に出した命令は全て無効とし、改めて御思案の上でその内容を定めること)。
- 御下知の儀,皆以て御棄破あり,其上御思案なされ,相定められるべき事 (All prior gogeji [shogunal directives] are void; new dispositions shall be made on this basis after careful consideration.)
- 一族の中には、甥足利義兼や子山名義範、孫里見義成など、鎌倉を本拠とした頼朝のもとへ参じて挙兵に加わるものもあったが、義重自身は参陣の要請を無視し、静観していた。
- In the family, his nephew, Yoshikane ASHIKAGA, his child, Yoshinori YAMANA and his grandchild, Yoshinari SATOMI, etc. called on Yoritomo and joined in the army, however, Yoshishige himself ignored the request to join in the camp and kept watching the circumstances.
- つくる会など保守派について自慰史観または歴史修正主義とする立場から、神話と史実とを峻別せず、天皇や国家へ無批判であるとして「皇国史観の復活」だと批判する声もある。
- The conservative group, like the creative group, did not separate mythology and historical fact, as they believed in the concept of self-consolation and the principle to amend the history, some people said it is 'the revival of the Kokokushikan' since there was no criticism of the Emperor and the nation.
- 寛永11年(1634年)、近江膳所藩より菅沼定芳が4万1,000石で入るが、第2代藩主・菅沼定昭が嗣子無くして慶安元年(1648年)に死去し、菅沼氏は改易となる。
- In 1634, Sadayoshi SUGANUMA from the Zeze Domain in Omi Province took over Kameyama with assigned revenues of 41,000 koku, but the second lord, Sadaakira SUGANUMA had no heir and died in 1648, and consequently, the Suganuma clan forfeited their territories.
- 光明皇太后の後見を無くした仲麻呂は天平宝字8年(764年)9月に挙兵(藤原仲麻呂の乱)するが敗れ、同年10月淳仁天皇を追放して孝謙上皇が重祚し、称徳天皇となった。
- In September, 764, Nakamaro who had lost the backing of Empress Dowager Komyo, raised an army (FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War) but was defeated, which triggered the second enthronement of Retired Empress Koken to become Emperor Shotoku who expelled Emperor Junnin in October of the same year
- 「力弥、力弥、由良之助は」「未だ参上仕りませぬ」「存命に対面せで、無念なと伝えよ。方々いざ、ご検分くだされ」と遂に短刀を腹に突き立てたときに由良之助が駆けつける。
- Yuranosuke arrives when Hangan thrusts a short sword into his belly while saying, 'Rikiya, Rikiya, where is Yuranosuke,' 'he is not here yet,' 'tell him that I am sorry that I could not see him while I was still alive. Everyone, please have a good look at how I end my life.'
- 特に11月13日付で「天皇への無礼と京大の責任」なる論説を掲載した京都新聞を初めとして新聞は学生側を強く非難し、常軌を逸した「不敬罪」であるかのように書き立てた。
- Especially, newspapers strongly condemned students as if they committed 'lese majesty,' including Kyoto Shimbun which posted the article 'Disrespect for the Emperor and Kyoto University's responsibility' on November 13.
- 明応の政変において足利義材から将軍職を奪った足利義澄・細川政元は、義材を擁する大内義興所有の牙符を無効化しようと図り、1504年、朝鮮王朝に牙符の改給を提案する。
- Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA and Masamoto HOSOKAWA, who deprived Yoshitane ASHIKAGA of the position of shogun in the Meio disturbance, planned to invalidate Gafu owned by Yoshioki Ouchi, who supported Yoshitane, and in 1504, asked the Yi-Dynasty to renew Gafu.
- ただし、摂政・関白が務める大臣職よりも上位の大臣が存在したり、現在大臣の職に無い(前大臣)の場合には、当該摂政・関白を一座に定める宣旨が出されることになっていた。
- However, if there was a minister who was positioned higher than Sessho or Kanpaku, or if they did not currently hold a ministerial post (such as a previous minister), there was a rule that a Senji (imperial decree) was to be declared to allow the Sessho or Kanpaku to be seated at the Ichiza.
- しかし系図には疑うべき余地も多く、実際には源平合戦の際は井上一族では無く北安曇の仁科氏らと行動を共にしていたので、当時の慣習から見て別の一族であった可能性がある。
- However, because there are uncertain aspects of its genealogy and the Takanashi clan fought in the Genpei War along with the Nishina clan of northern Azumi, not the Inoue clan, the Takanashi clan probably doesn't belong to the Inoue clan, considering the custom of the time.
- 中には所領を増加させる御家人もいたが、没落傾向にある御家人も少なくなく、所領を売却したり、質入するなどして失い、幕府への勤仕ができない無足御家人も増加していった。
- Some gokenin, some increased the number of territories they held but a considerable number went into decline, with an increase in the number of musoku gokenin (a vassal without territory) who sold or pawned their territories and were unable to work for bakufu.
- 尾張の織田信長が足利義昭を擁して上洛の大軍を興すと六角氏は敵対し、9月13日に信長に支城の箕作城を落とされると、六角義賢・六角義治は観音寺城から逃げ無血開城した。
- The Rokkaku clan fought against the great army that Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, as the Shogun, and Nobunaga ODA, who was from Owari Province, formed in order to go to Kyoto, and after the defeat of the subsidiary castle - Mitsukuri-jo Castle on September 13, Yoshikata ROKKAKU and Yoshiharu ROKKAKU fled Kannonji-jo Castle without any resistance.
- 伏見宮、有栖川宮、桂宮(現在の桂宮家とは無関係)、閑院宮の四宮家は世襲親王家として代々各宮家の王 (皇族)が天皇の猶子(養子の一種)となり、親王宣下を受け世襲した。
- A prince from each of the Four Imperial Houses of Princes (also called Miyake) comprised of Fushimi no Miya, Arisugawa no Miya, Katsura no Miya (no relation to the current Katsura no Miya) and Kanin no Miya was adopted by the emperor and conferred the title of imperial prince in order to inherit the throne.
- しかし、諸国を流浪する遊行僧だの、入り婿に入っただのという設定は、所詮本来無関係な新田氏と松平氏を系譜上つなげるために、おそらく家康の代に唱えられた創作に過ぎない。
- The story of this Buddhist priest wandering from one province to the next and his marriage into the Matsudaira clan is probably just a fictional story that was created during Ieyasu's generation in order to establish a genealogically link with the Nitta clan and the Matsudaira clan, which were originally unrelated.
- これまでの経緯からすれば、この新券は既に久安2年の時点で無効になったと考えられるが、親盛の娘は平重盛の側室であり、平氏側の支援を期待して提示したとも考えられている。
- In view of the past history, it is considered that the deed was already invalidated in 1146, but it is also considered that since Chikamori's daughter was a concubine of TAIRA no Shigemori, the deed was presented in an expectation of support from the Taira family.
- 永徳元年(1384年)に後円融天皇が三条公忠に充てた書簡の中で「執奏之下、無沙汰者、可為公家御咎也」と記し、武家執奏に従わないことは公家の咎になる現状を嘆いている。
- In his letter to Kimitada SANJO in 1384, Emperor Goenyu wrote '執奏之下,無沙汰者,可為公家御咎也' and lamented the situation that not to obey the bukeshisso led to court nobles' sin.
- 平安時代初期、宮中を始源とし、これに倣って貴族や庶民の間でも行われ、四方を拝して一年間の豊作と無病息災を祈っていたが、時代を経るごとに宮中行事として残るのみとなった。
- During the early Heian period, this ceremony originated in the Imperial Palace and spread to lords and ordinary people as a wish to be in full harvest and a perfect state of health by praying in various directions no matter what the year might bring, but as time went by the ceremony remained simply as a court function.
- 経之の子、経明には嗣子が無く、萬千子(まちこ)が中御門家を相続、婦人が戸主となったため、侯爵位を返上したが、分家から経恭(つねやす)を養子に迎えて、改めて旧に復した。
- When Tsuneaki, the son of Tsuneyuki, had no heir, and Machiko, a woman, inherited the Nakamikado family name, the title of marquess was returned; but the family adopted Tsuneyasu from a branch family and were able to recover their status.
- 北条氏の得宗専制体制は強化されるが、元寇以後には、元寇の戦功に応じた恩賞を受けられず没落する御家人が増加し、執権の地位は有名無実化し、諸国では悪党の活動が活発化する。
- Although the Tokuso autocracy system of the Hojo clan had been strengthened, after the Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, there was an increase of in the number of gokenin who became bankrupt having received no reward in return for their service in repelling the Mongol invasion attempts; consequently, the position of regent became symbolic and gangsters increased their activities in various provinces.
- しかし、平安時代に入ると、譲位による皇位継承の複雑化に伴い、天皇の交代に伴う后位の引き上げや政治的な背景による后位の決定が恒常化し、天皇の血縁や配偶関係は無視された。
- However, once the Heian period started, the blood or marriage relationship with Emperor was ignored due to the complicated succession to the Imperial Throne caused by the abdication of several Emperors, which constantly led to elevate the lower position of a woman to 'Koi' in the changing of Emperor and also to appoint who was 'Koi' on the grounds of political background.
- 今日普遍的に見られるテレビゲームなどは無かった時代の話ではあるが、子供たちは高価な玩具を与えられる事は少なく、もっぱら身の回りの物を遊び道具としていた時代の話である。
- At that time when there were no video games that are seen universally now, children were seldom given expensive toys and often used things around them as playthings.
- とくに幸兵衛狂乱は、「気が狂い出してからおかしい動作をする底には無限の悲哀が篭もっている。」(伊原清々園)と評されたように劇全般のクライマックスとして評価されていた。
- Especially Kobei in a frenzy of grief was recognized as the climax of the whole play as a comment says that 'infinite sorrow is hidden behind his strange behaviors after going insane' (by Seiseien IHARA).
- 一方、「延喜儀式」についても逸文とされるものは残されているものの、それらが実際の宮中行事に活用されたという当時の記録は無く、未完成あるいは後世の仮託とする見解もある。
- As for 'Engi Gishiki,' although the part believed to be a surviving fragment of it remained, no records existed to prove that it was used for virtual functions in the imperial court; therefore, some say it was an incomplete work or a pretense made in later ages.
- この人物は尚氏の子弟か近親者と推定されている(なお、宮内庁書陵部所蔵松岡本は宛先を息子の大舘晴光とするが、晴光が九郎の名乗りを用いた記録は無く、別人の可能性が高い)。
- It is presumed that this person was either Hisauji's son or relative (Matsuoka-bon (one of manuscripts) possessed by Imperial Household Archives assumed the addressee was his son Harumitsu Odachi, but there are no records proving that Harumitsu called himself Kuro and therefore, he might be an another person).
- 『後二条師通記』永長元年8月13日_(旧暦)条(嘉保3年/1096年9月2日)によれば、8月に入って夜空に流星が見えて人々が大騒ぎをしているのに、天文密奏が無かった。
- According to the entry of 'Gonijo Moromichi ki' (Diary of FUJIWARA no Moromichi) for September 8, 1096, people were terribly frightened at the sight of a meteor streaking across the night sky in August, yet no tenmon misso was done.
- 熊野古道の中では、起点から熊野本宮大社までを最短距離(約70キロメートル)で結び、奥高野から果無山脈にかけての紀伊山地西部の東西方向に走向する地質構造を縦断してゆく。
- It is the shortest route among Kumano-kodo, the distance from the starting point to Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine is about 70 kilometers, and it goes over the geologically unique area from Okukoya to the Hatenashi Mountain Range which rises from the east to the west in the western part of the Kii Mountains.
- この道を龍神街道果無越といい、龍神方面と吉野・熊野および高野山とを果無峠および本宮(田辺市本宮町)を経由して結び、修験者や大峯参りの人々が行き交ったと伝えられている。
- It is said that this part was particularly called 'Ryujin-kaido Hatenashi-goe' (Hatenashi Crossing of Ryujin Road) which ran from Ryujin to some sacred places including Yoshino, Kumano and Mt. Koya via Hatenashi Pass and Hongu (Hongu-cho, Tanabe City), and it was used by ascetic Buddhist monks and pilgrims for visiting Omine (Ominesan-ji Temple).
- 当時の岡田内閣は、同年8月3日には「統治権が天皇に存せずして天皇は之を行使する為の機関なりと為すがごときは、これ全く万邦無比なる我が国体の本義を愆るものなり。」とした。
- Okada Cabinet at the time declared in August 3 that 'saying the sovereignty didn't reside with the emperor and the emperor was an organ to exercise it was an incomparable action to damage the primordial doctrine of the fundamental character of the nation.'
- 後に美濃国守護土岐頼遠が光厳上皇に矢を射掛ける事件を起こした際に、尊氏から事件の処理を任された弟の足利直義は幕府内外から起こる頼遠助命の声を無視してその斬首を強行した。
- Later on Military governor of Mino Province, Yorito TOKI threw an arrow at the Retired Emperor Kogon, Takauji's younger brother, Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA, who was asked to deal with this incident from Takauji, did not take the advice of other people inside and outside of the bakufu to save Yorito's life, and forced the death penalty on him.
- 奈良時代を通じて内親王で一品に昇進したのは彼女と元正天皇の2人だけである(以後、貞観 (日本)19年(877年)の儀子内親王が叙されるまで内親王の一品叙位の例は無い)。
- Among those imperial princesses, she and the Empress Gensho were the only ones who were promoted to the rank of Ippon over the Nara period (No imperial princesses were promoted to the rank of Ippon thereafter, until the Imperial Princess Gishi was conferred the rank in 877.)
- ただし、品位そのものは天皇との親疎は勿論のこと当該皇親の母親の出自や年齢、経歴、その他社会的評価に基づいて叙せられる場合が多く、一品親王と皇位継承との関連性は全く無い。
- However, since the Honi was most of time conferred based on the degree of the intimacy with the emperor, the origin of Koshin's mother, the age, the career and the other social valuation, there was no relation between the Ippon Shinno and the succession to the Imperial Throne.
- また、一説には崇峻天皇即位時、推古天皇即位時には竹田皇子が未だ成年に達していなかった為即位が見送られ、推古天皇即位後間も無く薨去したため厩戸皇子立太子となったともいう。
- According to a theory, both the Emperor Sushun and the Empress Suiko were enthroned due to the fact that Takeda no miko was still a minor, then he became the Crown prince Umayado (厩戸皇子立太子) since he died soon after the enthronement of the Empress Suiko.
- 鎌倉仏教が普及したとは言え、一般庶民にとっては、現世での辛さを紛らす一種の「神」として信仰していたと言える(無論、どの時代にも熱心な信者がいることを忘れてはいけない)。
- Kamakura Buddhism became widespread, but it is likely that ordinary people believed in it as a kind of 'God' to escape from the suffering in the world, (but it should be remembered, of course, that there are always avid followers in any age).
- 大阪府東大阪市の瓢箪山稲荷神社で今も行われる辻占は、通りすがりの人の言葉ではなく、その人の性別・服装・持物、同行の人の有無、その人が向かった方角などから吉凶を判断する。
- The tsujiura still practiced at Hyotanyama-Inari Shrine, Higashi Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture judges fortunes not based on the words of passers-by, but on his or her sex, dress, belongings, whether accompanied or not, and the direction which he or she took.
- (皮肉にも徳川家康も征夷大将軍位の徳川氏世襲と秀吉の遺児・秀頼への政権返上の意思が無い事を示すために息子徳川秀忠に将軍を継がせて自らは大御所として政権を運営している。)
- (Ironically, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA transferred the position of 'Seii taishogun' to his son, Hidetada TOKUGAWA and was in charge of politics as 'Ogosho' (a leading figure) in order to show that the Tokugawa clan would inherit the position of 'Seii taishogun' and he would not return the political administration to Hideyori, Hideyoshi's bereaved son.)
- さらに江戸時代終わりには4件、1899年(明治32年)頃には8軒をかぞえて最盛期を迎えたが、通行人の減少につれて住人は減り、1950年(昭和25年)頃には無住となった。
- There were four houses at the end of the Edo period, and there were eight houses in 1899, however it was the golden age of Mizugamine; after that, the number of travelers decreased and the number of residents decreased as well, and in about 1950 there was no longer residents.
- 90年代後半ぐらいまで旅行ガイドから雄琴の名は意図的に退けられていたり、「琵琶湖の雄琴近隣で女性が泳ぐと妊娠する」といった荒唐無稽ともいえる風評まで飛び交うほどあった。
- Publishers of travel guidebooks intentionally avoided Ogoto from their books and an absurd rumor, said any women swim in Lake Biwa near Ogoto gets pregnant, was running rampant up until the late '90s.
- 高倉永家の子で水無瀬親氏の養子となっていた堀河親具は、養父に実子が生まれた後に疎んじられて家を追われたために出家して「西雲」と号して東国に下り徳川家康のもとに身を寄せた。
- Michitomo HORIKAWA, who was the son of Nagaie TAKAKURA and had been adopted to Chikauji MINASE, was alienated from the Minase family after the adoptive father had a biological son, left the family, became a monk calling himself 'Saiun,' went to Togoku (Kanto region), and stayed under the protection of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 日本では、食器を口元に上げ香りを楽しむことが一般的ではあるが、「皿や椀といった食器を手に持つ」という食文化のない・あるいはかえって無作法となる地域(韓国、北朝鮮)もある。
- In Japan, although it is common that people raise eating utensils to their lips to enjoy the smell of meal, in some regions, they don't have a food culture that 'holding dishes such as plates and bowls in their hands,' or Japanese eating manners are considered to be rather lack of manners (in South Korea and North Korea).
- 幕府では井伊直弼が大老に就任し、日米修好通商条約の締結、紀伊藩の徳川慶福(徳川家茂)を将軍後継に決定して将軍継嗣問題の解決を図るなど朝廷の意向を無視した強硬政治を行った。
- Naosuke II was appointed Tairo (Chief Minister) in the Shogunate and drove policies against the wishes of the Imperial Court, such as signing the Japan-US Treaty of Amity and Commerce and arbitrarily naming Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA (Iemochi TOKUGAWA) of the Kii Domain as the next shogun.
- 特に近年、地球温暖化防止の観点からも見直されたことが重なってレンタサイクルが急増しており、宿泊客に対して無料で自転車を貸し出す等のサービスを行うホテル、旅館も増えている。
- As bicycles have attracted attention as a means of curbing global warming (particularly in recent years), the availability of rental bicycles is increasing, and more and more hotels and Japanese-style inns now offer free rental bicycle service for their guests.
- この相論は摂政一条兼遐や京都所司代板倉重宗らによって審議されたが、途中で壬生孝亮による売官問題が発覚、孝亮は解官・追放となったために有耶無耶に終わり、問題は先送りとされた。
- Those including the regent Akiyoshi ICHIJO and the shogun's deputy for Kyoto, Shigemune ITAKURA examined the dispute, but the examination ended leaving the dispute unsettled when an illegal official rank selling of Takasuke MIBU was discovered and Takasuke was dismissed and expelled from the court.
- 天照大神が「天壌無窮」に葦原中国を治めよという神勅を瓊瓊杵尊(ににぎのみこと)とその子孫に下し、瓊瓊杵尊の曾孫である磐余彦が初代天皇・「神武天皇」として即位したことによる。
- Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) gave an oracle that Ninigi-no Mikoto and his descendants should rule Ashihara no nakatsukuni (another word for the country or the location of Japan) forever, and the great-grandchild of Ninigi-no Mikoto, Iwaremiko ascended to the throne as 'Emperor Jinmu.'
- 『続日本紀』に「誣告」と記載されていることから、同書が成立した平安時代初期の朝廷日本の朝廷内では、長屋王が無実の罪を着せられたことが公然の事実となっていたと想定されている。
- Since the words 'false accusation' appeared in 'Shoku Nihongi', it is considered that it was an open secret in the imperial court in the early Heian period in which the chronicle was composed, that Prince Nagaya was falsely charged.
- むしろ討たれる者が士分の場合、何も抵抗せずにただ無礼打ちされた場合は、国家鎮護守・外敵制征圧(軍事警察力)を担う兵(つわもの)である武家としての「不心得者である」とされた。
- When the attacked was a warrior and was attacked in Bureiuchi without resisting the attacker, he was punished severely as an 'imprudent person' since he was expected to be a soldier who worked for the protection of the nation and to conquer outside enemies (military and police power).
- 当時の学問水準より比定の誤りなどが見られるが、平安初期以前の薬物の和名をことごとく記載しておりかつ来歴も明らかで、本拠地である中国にも無いいわゆる逸文が大量に含まれている。
- Although there are some errors in the identification of the medicines by analogy due to the low level of the study at that time, every single Japanese name of the medicines used before the early Heian period is recorded, and the origins and histories of them are revealed, and plenty of so-called itsubun (lost writings), which previously existed but do not exist now even in its home country, China, are included in the dictionary.
- 一説には、1335年末に野盗によって殺害されたとも言われているが、『太平記』においても1335年の記述を最後に登場することが無いので、恐らくはこの前後に死んだものと思われる。
- Another view is that he was killed by robbers at the end of 1335, and it is likely that he died around that time because after 1335 he is not mentioned in 'Taihei-ki', Chronicle of the Great Peace.
- 今日の文学は世の好尚のために書く文学と云つて島田氏は嘆かれ、今の文学者に一機軸を出すものが無いとて福沢翁は呟かれ、其他の人は今日の文学を拝金主義の下に立つものと評されました。
- Mr. SHIMADA said sadly that literature today had been written for the public taste, the revered old Mr. FUKUZAWA sighed that no person of letters now had been able to produce new ideas and thoughts, and other people criticized that literature today was based on mammonism.
- これに対し、「無形民俗文化財」の指定対象は風俗慣習、民俗芸能、年中行事などの一般庶民の生活、慣習、行事そのものであって、特定の個人や団体を「保持者」として認定することはない。
- On the other hand, those designated as 'intangible folk-cultural properties' are lives, customs and events of commoners themselves, such as manners and customs, folk performing arts and annual observances, for which individuals or organizations are not certified as 'holders.'
- だが、鎌倉時代末期以後公武政権の失墜に伴って徳政そのものが衰退していき、有力武家による自身にゆかりのある特定寺社への保護を例外として寺社興行法も有名無実化していくことになる。
- As the imperial court administration and the bakufu declined, the edict of tokusei decreased, and the Jisha Kogyo became in name only except that influential samurai families became patrons of specific temples or shrines which they were closely tied with.
- そして天正15年(1587年)には九州を席捲しつつあった薩摩国の島津義久を惣無事令に違反したとして討ち秀吉の前に遂に屈服させ(九州平定)、西国は完全に豊臣氏の支配下に入った。
- In 1587, Hideyoshi attacked and captured Yoshihisa SHIMAZU, who was going to control Kyushu, by condemning him for having broken 'Ou Sobujirei' (peace edict for Ou region) (the subjugation of Kyushu), which meant the western part of Japan was completely under Hideyoshi's control.
- 五条からの国道168号線が柳本以南へ開通するのはさらに遅れ、昭和30年代の電源開発とともにようやく本宮町まで陸路がつながると、果無峠は生活道としての役割を終えることとなった。
- Many years after that, National Highway 168 from Gojo was extended to the south of Yagimoto, and when the road finally connected to Hongu-cho with the electric power development in the 30's of the Showa era, Hatenashi Pass ended the role as a community road.
- 「紫香楽」の地名表記については、正倉院文書には「信楽宮」としたものが3件ある一方で、「紫香楽」と表記したものが全く無いため、続日本紀が編纂されたときの修辞の可能性が考えられる。
- As for the description in the geographical name of `紫香楽' (Shigaraki), there was no `紫香楽' (Shigaraki in kanji character) while there were three cases of `信楽宮' (Shigaraki in kanji character) in Shoso-in bunsho (the Record of Shoso-in), therefore, it might have been modified when Shoku Nihon gi (Continuation of Chronicles of Japan) was edited.
- これでは、父鳥羽法皇が後白河を皇位の器ではないとみなしたのは、当然と言える(無論、崇徳、近衛、後白河の3代28年に渡り鳥羽法皇が院政を敷いていた事を、考慮に入れねばならない)。
- We must say it was natural for his father, the Cloistered Emperor Toba to mention that Goshirakawa didn't have what it takes to be an emperor. (We must consider that the Cloistered Emperor Toba ruled his cloistered government for twenty eight years, during three generations, from Emperor Sutoku, Konoe, through to Goshirakawa.)
- 道隆の死去とその嫡男藤原伊周の失脚により、藤原道長が最高権力者となると、定子は一条の第1皇子敦康親王の母でありながら、実家の没落により後ろ盾のない無力な皇后に転落してしまった。
- When FUJIWARA no Michinaga became a person in paramount authority after the death of Michitaka and the downfall of his legitimate son FUJIWARA no Korechika, Teishi became a powerless empress due to the downfall of her family home, even if she was the mother of Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, the first prince of Ichijo.
- 一方、『古事記』には暴君としての記録は無く、妻子がいなかったことと天皇の死後に袁本杼命(おおどのみこと、後の継体天皇)が皇位継承者として招かれたことの2つしか記述されていない。
- On the other hand in 'Kojiki' there is no record of him as tyrant and the only two things recorded are that he had no wife and children and ODO no Mikoto (the later Emperor Keitai) was asked to succeed the Imperial Throne after he had passed away.
- 江戸和事の二枚目や、上方和事のつっころばし以外の二枚目との決定的な違いは、まさしくこの滑稽味、喜劇味の有無にあり、さらにいえばその原因となる性格造形の違いにあるといえるだろう。
- The crucial difference between this role of Tsukkorobashi in wagoto style acting of Kamigata Kabuki and other Nimaime (the roles of a lover) including the one in wagoto style acting of Edo Kabuki, lies in this funny and comical aspect of the character, or even, in the different traditions of molding characters that produce such difference.
- その一方で魚など食材の買い付けでは鮮度の面から中間業者が介在しにくく、現代のように小分けした流通形態が無かった時代には、マグロでも「一本」という単位で仕入れられることもあった。
- On the other hand, it is difficult for middlemen to intervene in the purchase of foods such as fish and so on because of the need for freshness, and when there were not minutely divided circulation systems as there are now, even tunas were sometimes purchased in units of one fish.
- 1965年12月19日、三木らは中央本部からの中止勧告を無視する形で日本共産党の支持のもとに第13回府連大会の開催を強行し、三木を委員長とする府連体制(三木府連)を築き上げた。
- On December 19, 1965, supported by the Japanese Communist Party, Miki and others forced the 13th Kyoto Federation meeting, ignoring the recommendation for cancellation by the Headquarter, to establish the Kyoto Federation system (Miki Furen, Miki faction's Federation) with Miki as a chairman.
- 朝廷が班田制と戸籍制度を基礎にした人民の人別支配を放棄し、名田経営を請け負う田堵負名を通じた間接支配への移行により律令制が解体していく過程で、この身分制も次第に有名無実化した。
- As the imperial court was no longer able to maintain control over the population based on the land allotment system and the family registration system and depended more and more on indirect means of control through rich families (called 'tato fumyo' in Japanese) who were subcontracted for the management of farmland, the Ritsuryo system gradually collapsed and the status system itself was reduced to a nominal existence.
- 国は、適当な者に対し、当該無形の民俗文化財の公開又はその記録の作成、保存若しくは公開に要する経費の一部を補助することができる(文化財保護法第91条で準用する第77条)としている。
- The state may financially support appropriate persons to cover a part of the expense to exhibit, record and preserve the intangible folk cultural properties (Article 77 applied with Article 91 of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties).
- 一方、宿敵の徳川家康を臣従させて後顧の憂いを無くしていた豊臣秀吉は、天正15年(1587年)1月に九州征伐の大動員令を発し、畿内や中国・四国の諸大名による大軍を九州に送り出した。
- Meanwhile, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, who had brought his old enemy Ieyasu TOKUGAWA into subjection to ensure future security, decreed a large-scale mobilization order in February, 1587 for the Kyushu Conquest, and sent a large army of daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) from Kinai (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto), Chugoku and Shikoku regions to Kyushu.
- 書名については本来無題、あるいは『能作者』、『謡作者』であったと見られるが、1915年『禅竹集』に吉田東伍が翻刻した際、『能本作者註文』の題で収録して以来、この名が定着している。
- The book was originally untitled or may have been entitled 'No Sakusha' or 'Utai Sakusha' but the name 'Nohon Sakusha Chumon' took hold since it was recorded under this title when it was reprinted in 'Zenchiku Shu' by Togo YOSHIDA in 1915.
- その昔、東京都台東区浅草の伝法院(でんぼういん)の門番が、寺の威光を笠に着て、近隣の小店や見世物小屋で、無銭利用や傍若無人な振る舞いをしたことから、粗野で乱暴者という意味であった。
- It originally described characteristics of men who were rude and violent, and the word came from a legend in which a long ago, a gatekeeper of Denbo-in Temple in Asakusa, Taito Ward, Tokyo, did not pay his fees and behaved outrageously at nearby shops and show tents, taking advantage of the privileges of being associated with the temple.
- これに対しては、即位詔という公式の宣言の中で天皇を無視し、天皇の権威よりも皇太子のほうが優越していたという事実を是認することは穏当ではないとする批判があり、現在では支持されていない。
- Toward this theory, some scholars criticized that it is not appropriate to admit the fact that the dominance of the crown prince over the emperor's authority was advocated in the official oath like the imperial edict, ignoring the presence of the emperor, and nowadays, this theory is not supported.
- しかし、8代藩主伊達斉村以降は30歳に達せず早死にする藩主が多く、一門からの養子でかろうじて無嗣改易を免れる状況が続き、これによる藩政の沈滞化が幕末の失敗につながった物と考えられる。
- However, many domain lords of the Date clan after the eighth, Narimura DATE, died before thirty, and a child adoption from other Date families continued to avoid the Mushi-kaieki (degrading of a social rank for the extinction of a family line), which led to the weak administration of the domain and finally the fall of the Date clan at the end of the Edo Period.
- はじめ天台宗の教学を学んだ法然は、承安 (日本)5年(1175年)、もっぱら阿弥陀仏の誓いを信じ「南無阿弥陀仏」と念仏を唱えれば、死後は平等に往生できるという専修念仏の教えを説いた。
- Honen who first learned religious doctrines of the Tendai sect preached the teachings of Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) in 1175; everybody has an equal chance to go to heaven if one believed the oath of Amida Buddha and said the prayer of 'Namuamidabutsu,'
- 一方、作人や小百姓は一色田や散田など年貢の一部のみの納入で許されたが、1年ごとの更新制が普通で百姓名主や在家住人よりも土地その他に対する権利保障が無く、職が与えられることも無かった。
- Those who belonged to the latter group, such as sakunin and kobyakusho, on the other hand, were given much less rights and security over the land they worked in comparison to hyakusho-myoshu and zaike-junin, as they were usually given a one-year contract and never had a possibility to attain a managerial post, in exchange for the partial payment of nengu for fields such as isshikiden and sanden.
- しかし元章は各作者付の信頼度については深く検討せず、結果として誤りの多い資料を無批判に採り入れる一方、逆に『申楽談儀』『五音』など根本資料と言える世阿弥の著書も見ていなかったらしい。
- However, Motoakira did not place great emphasis on the reliability of the sakushazuke, on which he based his work and as such, not only did he unquestioningly adopted sources containing numerous mistakes but it also appears as though he did not refer to fundamental sources such as 'Sarugaku Dangi' an 'Go On.'
- 無文元選(むもんげんせん、元亨3年2月15日 (旧暦)(1323年3月22日) - 明徳元年/元中7年3月22日 (旧暦)(1390年5月7日))は、南北朝時代 (日本)の臨済宗の僧。
- Mumongensen (March 30, 1323 - April 16, 1390) was the priest of the Rinzai sect during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- 楊梅陵(市庭古墳)は全国最大の円墳と考えられてきたが、1962-63年の発掘調査により前方部が平城京築造の際取り壊されていたのが判明したため、同古墳を平城天皇の墓とするのは無理がある。
- It has been considered that Yamamomo no Misasagi is the largest round barrow (tumulus, a round burial mound) (Ichiniwa Kofun, or the Ichiniwa tomb) in Japan; however, it cannot be called Emperor Heizei's mausoleum since it was learned through an archaeological excavation in 1962-1963 that the front part of the round barrow had been pulled down during the construction of Heijokyo (Heijo Palace).
- その暗君のわずかな徳として「もし叡心果たし遂げんと欲する事あらば、あえて人の制法にかかわらず、必ずこれを遂ぐ」(一旦やろうと決めたことは制法など無視して、必ずやり遂げる人)としている。
- It is said Goshirakawa had little morality, 'he will proceed to carry out his will once he decides, whether he is following regulations or not.'
- 作家の井沢元彦は、日本には無意識の強烈な「怨霊」信仰と、怨霊を発生させない「和」への信仰があり、神道はその上に成立し、仏教も結局は怨霊を鎮魂する為の道具として活用されたと解説している。
- Writer Motohiko IZAWA explains that in Japan there are unconscious and strong belief in 'vengeful spirits' and faith in 'harmony' to prevent the vengeful spirits from coming into this world, and on this foundation Shinto was established, while Buddhism turned out to be used as a tool to appease these vengeful spirits.
- 文化財保護法では無形の民俗文化財を、「衣食住、生業、信仰、年中行事等に関する風俗慣習、民俗芸能、民俗技術で、わが国の国民の生活の推移の理解のため欠くことのできないもの」と規定している。
- The Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties provides that intangible folk cultural properties are 'manners and customs related to food, clothing and housing, to occupations, religious faiths, festivals, etc., to folk entertainments, arts and crafts and techniques which are indispensable for the understanding of changes in our people's modes of life.'
- 『鉄炮記』は鉄砲伝来を記す唯一資料であるが、江戸時代の慶長年間(1606年)に種子島氏が鉄砲伝来を記念して記させたもので、歴史学においては、その記述を無条件に信用するわけにはいかない。
- Although 'Teppoki' is the only historical material recording the introduction of firearms into Japan, we should be careful of reading it as a historical record because it was compiled by the Tanegashima clan in Keicho era (1606) to commemorate the introduction of firearms into Tanegashima Island.
- 徳川氏を外戚に持つ明正天皇の即位でこの体制は確立されるが、明正の治世中は後水尾天皇による院政が敷かれたため、明正が朝廷に於ける実権を持つことは無く、後水尾上皇に朝廷内の実権が集中した。
- The system was established when Emperor Meisho, whose cognates were the Tokugawa clan, succeeded to the throne, but as insei by Emperor Gomizunoo was conducted during the reign of Meisho, Meisho never had actual power in the Imperial Court; instead, the actual power of the court was concentrated in Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 寛永6年(1629年)の紫衣事件や将軍徳川家光の乳母春日局が無官のまま参内した事件に、江戸幕府への憤りを覚えた父の後水尾天皇から突然の内親王宣下と譲位を受け、興子内親王として7歳で践祚。
- The Empress succeeded to the throne at the age of seven as Imperial Princess Okiko after suddenly receiving the title Princess by Imperial order from her father, Emperor Gomizunoo, who was angry about the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after the Shie Incident in 1629, and another incident, Shogun Iemitsu TOKUGAWA's educator, Kasuga no Tsubone entered the Imperial Palace without any official position.
- 伏見上皇も自分の息子である後伏見天皇を無理やり皇位から降ろさせた後宇多天皇(亀山法皇の子で後二条天皇・尊治親王の父、当時院政を行っていた)への反感から、これに同意する姿勢を幕府に伝えた。
- Since the Retired Emperor Fushimi told the bakufu that he would support them, as he was frustrated with Emperor Gouda (the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama's son, and Emperor Gonijo and Imperial Prince Takaharu's father, he was ruling the cloistered government at that time) who forced his son, Emperor Gofushimi to abdicate from the throne.
- 従来の荒唐無稽な歌舞伎脚本やうわべだけの近代化に終わった活歴物と違う、新しい歌舞伎劇を目指すべく、1893年(明治26年)論文『我が邦の史劇』を発表、その実践例としてこの作品を創作した。
- Aiming at creating a new kabuki drama unlike traditional unrealistic scripts or historical drama modernized only on the surface, he published a paper titled 'Wagakuni no Shigeki (Japan's historical drama)' in 1893 and put his theory into practice by creating this work.
- 現在では、時代劇の子供への人気は決して高くは無いが、アニメの巨大ロボットや特撮ヒーローに、刀、またはそれに類する道具を使って戦うものも多く、遊びとしてのチャンバラは根強く生き残っている。
- Now historical dramas are not popular among children, chanbara as children's play still survives in a lot of animated huge robots and special effects heroes that fight using swords or sword-like equipments.
- 日本の歴史上の領主はヨーロッパの農奴制における領主のように無制限に所領の土地と人民を私有財産として所有したのではなく、徴税権・支配権にかかわる一定の権利義務の体系を所持した存在であった。
- Territorial lords in Japanese history were not like those under the serf system in Europe who owned the land and people in his or her territory as his or her private property without any restrictions, but possessed a system of certain rights and responsibilities concerning tax-collecting and territory-control.
- 「商工等は、武士・農民の事欠け申さざる程に渡世致し候はば然るべく候」として商工を非生産的な身分であり、都市が繁栄する事そのものが無駄以外の何者でもないと断じて厳しい奢侈禁止令を実施した。
- The sumptuary law stated that 'merchants as well as artisans should always remember that they are to work so as not to inconvenience samurai and farmers,' thus labeling the development of the city itself useless and forcing severe restrictions on these classes of people.
- しかし父親の藤原正頼が従五位下であったことと比較し頼遠が無官であることから、平忠常の乱において平忠常側についた頼遠が罪を得て陸奥国に左遷され、多賀国府の官人となったものと推測されている。
- However, from the fact that Yorito bore no official title while his father, FUJIWARA no Masayori, was titled Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), it is inferred that Yorito was demoted to Mutsu Province by the Imperial Court for his having taken Tadatsune's side during the revolt of TAIRA no Tadatsune and became an official of Taga no Kou (the provincial office in Mutsu Province).
- 『平家物語』は彼女が嫉妬したために、後白河皇子以仁王は親王宣下すら受けられず平氏への憎悪を増したと、別の一面を伝えているが、たった一人の子を思う母の気持ちを考えれば無理のないものといえる。
- According to 'The Tale of the Taira Clan,' it showed the different aspects of Shigeko and it was said that Emperor Goshirakawa's Prince, Prince Mochihito could not receive even the title to become Imperial Prince because Shigeko showed her jealousy, however it was understandable that Shigeko had such jealous feelings after thinking so much about her only son.
- 御璽を行使の目的で偽造すると印章偽造の罪第164条第1項により2年以上の有期懲役に、偽造した御璽で詔書等の文書を偽装した場合は同法第154条第1項により無期又は3年以上の懲役に処せられる。
- In the Penal Code, the first clause of Article 165 Crimes of Counterfeiting of Seals states that a person who counterfeits the Imperial Seal for the purpose of unauthorized use shall be punished by imprisonment with work for a definite term of not less than two years, and the first clause of Article 154 states that a person who counterfeits an Imperial rescript or other official Imperial document with a counterfeited seal shall be punished by imprisonment with work for life or for a definite term of not less than three years.
- 太刀や刀という区別も、外装が持つ属性に起因するもので、刀身自体に互換性が無いほどの差異がある訳では無かった(もちろん、それぞれに適した刀身の姿があり、制作時にはそれに則って作られている)。
- The differentiation such as tachi or katana is also attributed to the fittings of each sword, and the blades themselves were rather similar and shared commonalities (however, blades had shapes that suit their respective needs, which were taken into account in fabrication).
- これは、泰時が「消息文」で述べている通り、新しい法体系を作成する意図は無く、むしろ公家法を中心とした法秩序と武家社会の調和を図り、そのために必要な規則・注釈であったからだと考えられている。
- That was supposedly because, as Yasutoki mentioned in the 'shosokubun,' he never meant to create a new legal system but contemplated a legal order based on the court noble law and harmony in the samurai society, therefore the Goseibai-shikimoku were the regulations and notes required to achieve this goal.
- 「天壌無窮ノ宏謨(てんじょうむきゅうのこうぼ)」(御告文)という皇祖皇宗の意思を受け、天皇が継承した「国家統治ノ大権」(上諭)に基づき、天皇を国の元首、統治権の総攬者としての地位に置いた。
- The emperor inherited 'prerogative of sovereignty' following Imperial ancestors' will represented by the sentence, 'Promises which lasted forever like heaven and earth' in the Imperial instruction, and he acquired a status of a head of state and became a person who held all rights of sovereignty.
- 十津川河岸から集落までの急傾斜地にはコジイ、サカキ、カシ、アセビ、ウバメガシが生育し、果無集落周辺からはアカマツ、コナラなどに、モミ、ツガ、ヒメシャラ、ホオノキなどを交えた二次林が広がる。
- On the steep slope from the bank of Totsu-kawa River to the village, kojii (Castanopsis cuspidate), sakaki, oak, asebi (Japanese Andromeda) and ubamegashi (quercus phillyraeoides) grow; and from near Hatenashi Village, there extends a secondary forest of Japanese red pine, konara (quercus serrata), fir tree, southern Japanese hemlock, himeshara (tall stewartia) and honoki (magnolia hypoleuca).
- 朕惟フニ我カ皇祖皇宗惟神ノ大道ニ遵ヒ天業ヲ経綸シ万世不易ノ丕基ヲ肇メ一系無窮ノ永祚ヲ伝ヘ以テ朕カ躬ニ逮ヘリ朕祖宗ノ威霊ニ頼リ敬ミテ大統ヲ承ケ恭シク神器ヲ奉シ茲ニ即位ノ礼ヲ行ヒ昭ニ爾有衆ニ誥ク
- 朕惟フニ我カ皇祖皇宗惟神ノ大道ニ遵ヒ天業ヲ経綸シ万世不易ノ丕基ヲ肇メ一系無窮ノ永祚ヲ伝ヘ以テ朕カ躬ニ逮ヘリ朕祖宗ノ威霊ニ頼リ敬ミテ大統ヲ承ケ恭シク神器ヲ奉シ茲ニ即位ノ礼ヲ行ヒ昭ニ爾有衆ニ誥ク
- 「もとより話の根無し草、嘘をまことに拵えて金を強請りにきた道玄・・・」「しかも正月十五日、月はあれども雨雲に、空も朧の御茶の水・・・」など黙阿弥得意の五七調の名台詞「厄払い」が聴き所である。
- Famous lines referred to as 'yakuharai' (lines both sentimental and musical) made of five-and-seven syllable meter which was Mokuami's specialty, such as 'Dogen, who lied and extorted money by making lies seem true…' 'it was moreover, the 15th day of the new year, when it was cloudy with rainy clouds though the moon was out, the sky of Ochanomizu was also hazy' are worth attention.
- 『早字二重鑑』(いろは順が二回繰り返される近代辞書に似た形式)、『急用間合即座引』(いろは順の次に語尾の仮名で分類)、『大成正字通』(いろは順、部門分類、濁音仮名の有無の三段階)などである。
- For example, there were 'Hayaji Niju Kagami' (in which the words were classified and subclassified in iroha order similar to modern dictionaries), 'Kyuyomaniai Sokuzabiki'(in which the words were classified in iroha order and subclassified by kana at the end of each word) and 'Taisei seijitsu' (in which the words were classified in three steps: In iroha order, by category and by presence or absence of the Japanese syllabary for voiced consonants).
- 『太平記』巻17には、恒良親王に皇位を譲ったとの記述がある(ただし、後醍醐天皇は尊氏との和議を成立させて比叡山を降り、後に京を脱出して吉野において南朝を開いたことで、皇位は無意味化される)。
- Vol. 17 of 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace) says Emperor Godaigo transferred the Imperial Throne to Imperial Prince Tsuneyoshi around then; Emperor Godaigo made peace with Takauji ASHIKAGA and went down Mt. Hiei, but afterward, Emperor Godaigo left Kyoto and newly established the Southern Court for himself in Yoshino Province, and so, the transfer of the throne became meaningless.
- だが、応仁の乱以後には将軍の臨席は減少し、11代将軍足利義澄の頃には将軍主宰とされながら実際には将軍が臨席する事は無く、側近である内談衆が決定事項を将軍に取り次いで裁可を得る仕組みとなった。
- After the Onin War, the shogun's presence at gozen-sata became less, and in the tenure of the eleventh shogun Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA, the shogun namely chaired, but did not attend gozen-sata, which resulted in a procedure whereby naidan shu (judges), shogun's entourages, brought the decisions to the shogun for the approval.
- 電撃ネットワークの南部虎弾(出演者クレジットは南部虎太となっている)、柳葉敏郎、山田五郎(クレジットなし)といった面々が、全く無名だった若き日に雑兵や死体役などのエキストラとして出演している。
- Current prominent figures, including Torata NAMBU of Dengeki Network, Toshiro YANAGIBA, Goro YAMADA (uncredited), appeared as extras, such as in the roles of common soldiers and the dead, when they were young and unknown.
- 創元社『天神祭 なにわの響き』において大阪千代田短期大学の専任講師・朝野典子氏は、「意識」的な曲、「無意識」でも演奏できる曲というような区別をしているが、その意識的な曲が「うた」の部分である。
- Noriko ASANO, who is a full-time lecturer at Osaka Chiyoda Junior College, distinguishes between music which is played 'consciously' and music which can be played 'unconsciously' at 'Tenjinsai Naniwa no Hibiki' (Tenjin Festival - the sound of Naniwa), Tokyo Sogensha Co., Ltd.; the conscious music is the part of 'Uta' (song).
- 当時、武士の台頭や僧兵の横暴、公家勢力の後退などによる社会不安、天変地異・疫病・火災などの自然災害を経験した人びとは、はっきりと末法を意識するようになり、無常観や厭世観がかき立てられていった。
- The people who experienced public fear owing to the appearance of samurai, despotic acts by armed priest, a down fallen court noble force, and natural disasters such as extraordinary natural phenomenon, epidemics, fire became clearly aware of Mappo, and the concept of the impermanence or a pessimistic view of life among the population was intensified.
- これは神物・仏物であった所領を現在の所有者から没収して強制的に寺社に返還させる一方、僧侶・神官の相続が私物化の原因にあるとして僧侶・神官が職の体系を弟子や子弟に無条件に継承させることを禁じた。
- Those Jisha Kogyo forfeited the shoryo, which should have been the god's belongings or Buddha's belongings, from the current holder and forcefully returned the shoryo to the temples or the shrines; besides, based on the reasoning such that the privatization was caused by the inheritance of the positions of the Buddhist monks and shrine priests, the Jisha Kogyo prohibited the monks and priests to inherit the position to disciples and children at their own discretion.
- 応神天皇の皇子で、母は和珥氏祖の日触使主(ひふれのおみ、比布礼能意富美)の女 ・宮主宅媛(みやぬしやかひめ、宮主矢河枝比売)である(ただし『先代旧事本紀』には、物部多遅麻連の女・山無媛とする)。
- Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko was Imperial prince of the Emperor Ojin, and his mother was Miyanushi Yakahimi [(宮主宅媛), also known as Miyanushi Yagahaehime (宮主矢河枝比売)], a daughter of Hifure no Ohomi [(日触使主); his name was also written in this way '比布礼能意富美') in being an ancestor of the Wani Uji Clan.] [However, according to the 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History), the mother of Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko appeared as Yamanashi Hime (山無媛), a daughter of 'Mononobe no Tajima no Muraji' (物部多遅麻連).].
- 抵抗する与市兵衛に「エエ聞き分けのない。むごい料理をするが嫌さに、手ぬるう言えばつき上がる。サア、この金をここに出せ。遅いとたつた一討ちと、二尺八寸拝み打ち」と無残に斬りつけ、むごたらしく殺す。
- Yoichibei resists, but Sadakuro slashes and kills him saying, 'You are being unreasonable. I didn't want to be cruel, but you are taking advantage of my mercy and you leave me no choice. Hand over your money. Hurry up or I will slash you.'
- それらの絵巻には、信貴山は大和国、粉河寺は紀伊国、と畿内でも隣接した地方の長者の家が描かれているが、前者には警護の武者も、門の前の空堀も、門の上の櫓も無いのに対し、後者ではそれらが描かれている。
- These picture scrolls of Shigisan depicted the residence of the head of the Yamato Province, and Kokawadera depicted that of Kii Province, Kinai, and neighboring regions, but latter had samurai guards, karabori (dry moat) before the gate, and tower over the gate while former lacked them.
- それほど多いものではないという理由は、当時必要とされた武力は、京の治安維持、要人の護衛、受領として赴任する際に引き連れ、在庁官人を押さえる程度のものであり、大規模な争乱などほとんど無かったこと。
- The reason why it might not be as big was because military power required at that time was for sustaining the peace of Kyoto, guard a person upon request, followed as a retainer when one left a post due to zuryo, and arrest the Zaichokanjin (the local officials in the Heian and Kamakura periods), but there was hardly any turmoil.
- 剣術集団である新選組は、中心となる近藤ら試衛館の天然理心流に加えて神道無念流剣術、北辰一刀流剣術などさまざまな剣術流派に加え、槍術や柔術などを学んだ隊士もおり、実戦本意の集団戦法の集団であった。
- Shinsen-gumi, was comprised of men with strong kenjutsu (fencing) abilities, and in addition to KONDO's Shiei-kan, Tennen Rishin-ryu, which was the main line, there were men of various kenjutsu schools, including Shindo Munen Ryu, Hokushin Itto Ryu, etc., and also members who learned sojutsu (spearmanship), jujutsu (judo), etc., and they used group fighting tactics, with emphasis on actual fighting.
- 観光シーズンになると渋滞が激しく道路交通が麻痺してしまうため、乗用車の乗り入れ規制や、郊外に格安または無料の駐車場を整備しそこからバス (交通機関)で運ぶパーク・アンド・ライドの実験が行われた。
- Because the heavy traffic paralyzes road traffic in the tourist season, regulations were imposed on cars coming into the city, together with the implementation of a trial operation of a park-and-ride system to carry visitors by bus (public transport) from an inexpensive or free parking area developed in the suburb.
- しかし、1085年(応徳2年)に実仁が亡くなると、白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させるという手段に出た。
- However, Emperor Shirakawa ignored his father's will when Sanehito died in 1085, he formally installed his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito as the Crown Prince in the next year, and within the day, Shirakawa declared to give the throne to Emperor Horikawa.
- しかし、11世紀後期に登場した後三条天皇は、延久の荘園整理令を発令して、当時増加していた有力貴族・寺社の無認可荘園を取り締まったが、法定要件を満たさない荘園は勅旨田とされ、天皇の支配下に置かれた。
- However, Emperor Gosanjo enthroned in the latter half of eleventh century announced a Decree Restricting the Expansion of Private Estates in Enkyu to clamp down on unauthorized estates of powerful peerage, and shrines and temples; the estate that didn't fulfill legal requirements was regarded as Chokushiden and placed under the control of the Emperor.
- 皇位継承と無関係とするものには、藤原氏が天皇家を輔佐することを定めた法だとする説、天皇を隋唐の皇帝のような専制君主と定めた法だとする説、天皇家が代々統治する原則を定めたとする皇統君臨説などがある。
- Among the theories that argue the code's indifference with the imperial succession, a theory that it is a law to establish the regent of the Fujiwara clan, theory that it is a law to establish an imperial autocrat similar to that of the emperors in the Sui and Tang periods, and the theory that it is a norm that establishes the imperial family's successive rule, can be found.
- 江戸初期には西園寺実晴が細川忠興の嫡男(後に廃嫡)細川忠隆こと長岡休無の長女徳姫を御台所に迎えて左大臣までのぼるが、長岡休無は西園寺家に種々の資金助成をし600石の遺産贈与もしている(綿考輯録)。
- In the early days of the Edo period, Saneharu SAIONJI welcomed Tokuhime, who was the eldest daughter of Kyumu NAGAOKA (also known as Tadataka HOSOKAWA), as the Midaidokoro (wife of a shogun or a highest-ranking nobleman) of the heir (later disinherited) of Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, and invited her to accept the post of Sadaijin (minister of the left); moreover, Kyumu NAGAOKA offered various forms of financial support to the Saionji family, including donating a property that yielded 600 koku of rice (Menko-shuroku).
- また、それまでの権力闘争の結果、兄弟もなく、父聖武天皇にも兄弟がなく、他に適当な天武天皇の子孫たる親王、王が無かったため、藤原永手や藤原百川の推挙によって天智天皇系の白壁王(光仁天皇)が即位した。
- Since neither she nor her father Emperor Shomu had brothers, who had all died in power struggles, and there was no Imperial Prince, Prince or other descendants of Emperor Tenmu, who would have been adequate to accede to the throne, Shirakabe no okimi (Prince Shirakabe) (Emperor Konin), from the line of Emperor Tenchi, was enthroned with the recommendation from FUJIWARA no Nagate and FUJIWARA no Momokawa.
- ところが、安永8年(1779年)に後桃園天皇が男子を残さずに死亡すると、邦頼親王が天皇を毒殺したとする風説が流され、京都所司代や後桜町上皇までが乗り出す騒ぎになったが、間もなくその無実が判明する。
- However, in 1779 when Emperor Gomomozono died without leaving an heir, there was a rumor that Imperial Prince Kuniyori might have poisoned him, which sparked uproar among people such as Kyoto shoshidai (the Kyoto deputy) and the Retired Emperor Gosakuramachi, but Kuniyori's innocence was soon vindicated.
- 後に昭和に入ってから軍部が大きくこれを利用し、陸海軍は天皇から直接統帥を受けるのであって政府の指示に従う必要はないとして、満州事変などにおいて政府の決定を無視した行動を取るなどその勢力を誇示した。
- Later during the Showa period, the military insisted that they needed to follow only a direct order from the emperor, and did not have to follow the government because they had the supreme command, and took advantage of the supreme command to act ignoring the government to show its influence such as raising the Manchurian Incident.
- しかしその頃、時を同じくして船によって琵琶湖を渡っていた丹羽長秀が「一度坂本に戻るべし」という部下の反対にあうも機は今を置いて他に無いと判断し、進路を変更して海津への上陸を敢行した事で戦局は一変。
- However, Nagahide NIWA, who was then crossing Lake Biwa by boat, decided that now was the time; despite objections from his subordinates that he should return to Sakamoto for the present, Nagahide changed his course and ventured a landing on Kaizu, which decisively turned the tide of the battle.
- 書院は土佐光起親子が書いた障壁画で有名であるが、これらの絵画は江戸幕府や後水尾上皇らの許可無しでは、外出や他人との面会もままならない一生を過ごした明正天皇を慰めるために畿内の名所を書いた物と伝わる。
- The Study was famous for paintings on the walls or fusuma of the building by Mitsuoki TOSA and his child, it is said these pictures of well known places of Provinces around Kyoto were painted to comfort Empress Meisho, who spent all her life not being able to go out or to see people without the approval of the Edo bakufu and Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 忠真系は幕末まで小倉藩主として継続、忠知系は転封を重ねて最終的には肥前国唐津藩(現在の佐賀県唐津市)6万石に、長次系は悪政や無嗣による改易で最終的に播磨国安志藩(現在の兵庫県姫路市)1万石に移った。
- Tadazane stayed the position as the lord of the Kokura Domain until the end of Edo period and the line of Tadatomo which was relocated to some places, was finally relocated to the Karatsu Domain, Hizen Province (presently Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture) holding 60,000 koku and the line of Nagatsugu was finally relocated to the Anji Domain, Harima Province (presently Himeji City, Hyogo Prefecture) holding 10,000 koku as the result of change of rank due to misrule and extinction of the family line.
- 慶応4年(1868年)4月11日に行われた江戸城無血開城に従わぬ旧幕臣の一部が千葉県方面に逃亡、船橋大神宮に陣をはり、4月3日 (旧暦)(5月24日)に市川市・鎌ヶ谷市・船橋市周辺で両軍は衝突した。
- Some retainers of the former Shogunate, who were opposed to the bloodless surrender of Edo Castle on May 3, 1868, fled towards Chiba Prefecture and set up a camp in Funabashi Daijingu, and on May 24, they clashed with the new government's forces around the area of Ichikawa City, Kamagaya City, and Funabashi City.
- ただし、当時の伊東の書簡は対話を重んじるものばかりで、伊東自身も人を斬った記録が油小路事件以外には無く、さらには近藤勇を暗殺しようとしたものがないため、近藤暗殺計画自体が存在しなかったとの説もある。
- However, documents left behind by Ito only placed importance on a conversation, and there is no record of him killing anyone, other than during the Aburanokoji Incident, nor are there any records of him trying to assassinate Isami KONDO, which led to the theory that plans for the assassination never existed.
- 高倉上皇の皇子から新帝を擁立する際には、義仲は以仁王の子の北陸宮を推挙するが、後白河は寵姫の高階栄子の影響でこれを退けて尊成親王(後鳥羽天皇)に決定し神器が無いために緊急措置として院宣により即位させた。
- When the new Emperor was to be appointed from Retired Emperor Takakura's Prince, Yoshinaka recommended Hokuriku no Miya; Prince Yukiie who was the son of Prince Mochihito, Goshirakawa refused this recommendation due to his favorite lady, Eishi TAKASHINA's influence, and appointed Prince Takahira (the Emperor Gotoba), and he was enthroned by a command issued from a retired emperor since he did not have three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family.
- だが、錦連行の実在性は確かではなく、実在人物である錦良助と三善清行・三善茂明との血縁関係の有無も不明である(勿論、「三善清行-錦良助-錦連行-三善茂明」という茂明を清行の曾孫とする系譜は事実ではない)。
- It is uncertain, however, whether Tsurayuki NISHIKI really existed, and whether Ryosuke NISHIKI, who did exist, was related to Kiyoyuki MIYOSHI and Shigeaki MIYOSHI (and it is certainly not true to state that Shigeaki was a great-grandson of Kiyoyuki as depicted in the family line of 'Kiyoyuki MIYOSHI - Ryosuke NISHIKI - Tsurayuki NISHIKI - Shigeaki MIYOSHI').
- ちなみにアメリカ合衆国では、口から食べかけの料理がはみ出している状態が大変な無作法と考えられており、料理は一口ずつ口に運ぶものだという考えの延長で、皿の上でどんな料理でも細かく切り刻みスプーンですくう。
- For your information, in the United States, the situation that a half-eaten food comes out of the mouth is considered to be very bad manners, therefore, according to an extension of the idea that people should bring food to their mouths mouthful by mouthful, they cut them into small pieces on the plate and scoop by spoon.
- したがって、明治憲法に定められた改正手続きによって行われたのは便宜的・形式的なもので、実質的に日本国憲法は、改正ではなく「新たに制定」、両者の間の法的連続性は「実質的には無し」という解釈が取られている。
- So it meant that the constitutional amendment, which had been conducted following procedures defined by the Meiji Constitution (Constitution of the Empire of Japan), was merely expedient and perfunctory, and practically speaking, the Constitution of Japan was 'newly established,' not the amended version, and it had 'no substantial' legal continuity with the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 無条件で輪廻転生できる聖職者のバラモンを頂点とし、厳しい条件(儀式)付きで輪廻転生できる多数の庶民が奴隷階級であり、両者の間に王族・平民(商人)の2階級があり、計4階級からカースト制度は成り立っている。
- The Brahman, a clergyman who can unconditionally perform Rinne Tensho, is on top, and many common people who can perform Rinne Tensho with strict conditions (rituals) are slaves; there are two classes between them, which are the Royal Family and the common people (merchants), and in total these four classes comprise the caste system.
- 1995年に「らぽーる」(後述)が出来るまでは、大規模小売店は西舞鶴に一箇所(さとう舞鶴店)しか無く、駅前商店街(東舞鶴:三条・八島・大門商店街、西舞鶴:マナイ商店街)が競争とは無縁な経営を続けていた。
- Until the development of La Port (explained later) in 1995, there were no mass merchandising stores other than one store in Nishi-Maizuru (Sato Maizuru), and a shopping district near the train station (Higashi-Maizuru: Sanjo/Yashima/Omon malls and Nishi-Maizuru: Manai mall) which was able to operate without severe competition.
- 好仁親王は征夷大将軍 徳川秀忠の養女・亀姫(実父は秀忠の甥で娘婿にも当たる越前藩松平忠直)を妃としたが嗣子が無かったため、甥にあたる後水尾天皇の皇子・良仁親王が養嗣子として第2代となり、花町宮を名乗った。
- Prince Yoshihito's Empress was Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), Hidetada TOKUGAWA's adopted daughter, Kame-Hime (Princess Kame) (her real father was Hidetada's nephew and son-in-law, Tadao MATSUDAIRA of Echizen han, Echizen domain); but they did not have a male child, so their nephew, Prince Nagahito, Emperor Mizunoo's prince, was adopted to become the second generation of the court nobility, being so named Hanamachi no miya.
- また良実の子二条道良が死去したのが、二条富小路殿であったことも『経光卿記』正元 (日本)元年11月8日条の死去記事(「今暁(二条道良)令薨去給云々、坐二条富小路亭、已為陣中、旁無便宜」)に明記されている。
- It is also known that Michinaga NIJO, the son of Yoshizane, died at Nijo Tomikojidono residence according to the entry which records his death on December 29, 1259 in 'Tsunemitsukyo-ki' (The Record of Lord Tsunemitsu) ('Today at dawn, Michinaga Nijo was said to have passed away at the Nijo Tomikoji residence; as I could not be there as I was taken in a battle').
- 夜の山中の祠を舞台に、奇抜な扮装と化粧を施した怪人物たちが、山賊実は平将門、巡礼実は藤原純友などといった役で登場し、神楽などのゆっくりとした伴奏に乗せて、大きな動きで宝物を巡って無言で争う様式が普通である。
- The performance is usually played in the following way: In a night scene at a hokora (a small shrine) on a mountain, suspicious people in a bizarre costumes and makeup appea on stage as bandits (for example, TAIRA no Masakado), or as pilgrims (for example, FUJIWARA no Sumitomo), and fight each other silently for a treasure in exagerrated movements, accompanied by the slow rhythm of Kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine).
- 摂関期にはまだ平安宮内裏が本来の皇居であると認識されており、平安宮内裏が健在であるのに里内裏を皇居とする例はほとんど無かったが、院政期以降になると、平安宮内裏の有無に関わらず里内裏を皇居とする例が一般化した。
- In the regency period, the dairi in Heian-kyu palace was still recognized as the primary imperial palace, and the satodairi was rarely used as the imperial palace when the dairi in Heian-kyu palace was available; in the cloistered government period, however, the satodairi was commonly used as the imperial palace irrespective of the presence of the dairi in the Heian-kyu palace.
- 業倫は、八代荘設立の経緯と「熊野権現垂迹縁起」の記述とを根拠として、忠重らの狼藉を、院庁下文を無視し、伊勢と同体である熊野権現を侵犯したことから律令の盗大祀御神物に相当するとして、絞刑とするべきだと勘申した。
- Based on the details concerning the establishment of Yatsushiro no sho and the description of 'Kumano Gongen Suijaku Engi,' Gyorin reported that the conducts of Tadashige etc came under the clause of Todaishi goshinbutsu of Ritsuryo code because they neglected innocho kudashibumi and offended Kumano Gongen Deity which was identical with Ise, and that they should be sentenced to death by hanging.
- 健寿御前(はじめ平滋子に仕え、のち八条院にも仕えた)の『たまきはる』によれば、八条院は生活面において非常に無頓着・無造作で、およそ身辺の雑事について指示することが無く、女房たちを思いのままに自由にさせたという。
- According to 'Tamakiharu' (a diary) written by Kenjugozen (she served TAIRA no Shigeko and later also served Hachijoin), it was said Hachijoin was very unconcerned and casual in everyday life, she did not give many orders to her ladies in waiting concerning small things in her routine life, she let them behave as they wanted.
- しかし、原因不明の難病ならばまだしも、刺された事が明らかな状況でわざわざ外部の医者を呼ぶ事は不自然であるなど、その内容が毒殺説に比して荒唐無稽ということで、歴史研究者の間ではほとんど取るに足らないものとされた。
- However it was understandable if the Emperor had an incurable disease with an unknown cause, it was not natural to call a doctor from outside if the Emperor was apparently stabbed, so this theory was not seriously considered to be true among historians since it was very unrealistic compared to the theory of the Emperor being killed by poison.
- ポケットの無い男性用の和服で袋や印籠等を持ち歩く場合に、袋や印籠などに付けられた紐の他方の端に取付け、紐を帯の下に挟み、根付を帯の上方に出す事によって引っ掛って袋や印籠などが落ちないようにする目的で用いられた。
- Used to carry round things including pouches and inro when wearing pocketless men's kimono, netsuke helped prevent such items from falling: string attached to the pouches or inro was pulled under and over the the obi, and then the other end would be tied to the netsuke, which was too large to fall through the obi.
- 近年の研究では、義経が平氏追討から外されたのは、後年の編纂書『吾妻鏡』が記すような無断任官による頼朝の怒りのためではなく、京都の治安維持に義経が必要であり、法皇や貴族たちの強い反対があったためと考えられている。
- According to recent studies, it is thought that Yoshitsune was dismissed from the army to search out and kill the Taira clan not because Yoritomo resented the appointment of Yoshitsune without his permission (as described in 'Azuma Kagami,' which was compiled in later years), but because Yoshitsune was needed to maintain the security of Kyoto and the Cloistered Emperor and nobles were strongly against it.
- こうして軍勢の統括者に提出された軍忠状は、内容に問題が無ければ、文書末尾(先頭の場合もあり)にその統括者の証判(花押)と文書を一読し承諾した旨(「一見了」「承了」「無相違」などの文言)が書かれて効力が発生する。
- When the Gunchujo was submitted to the administrator of the troops and certified to be true, the document took effect with the addition of the approval mark of the administrator (Kao [written seal mark]) at the end of the document (or the head in some cases) and with words along the lines of 'I looked through the above and agree that it does not differ from the facts.'
- 李氏朝鮮王朝では日本へ派遣した使節が帰国し、その報告が西人派(正使の黄允吉は戦争が近いことを警告)と東人派(副使の金誠一は日本の侵略はあったとしても先の話と否定)で別れ、政権派閥の東人派が戦争の警告を無視した。
- During the Yi Dynasty Korea, delegates dispatched to Japan returned and the Seijinha group (黄允吉, who was seishi (senior envoy), warned that war would occur in the near future) and the Tojinha group (金誠一, who was the vice envoy, denied saying that invasion by Japan would not be in the near future) made different reports and the Tojinha group, the fraction in power, ignored the warning about the potential of war.
- 玉置は果無峠越えを試みたのみだったが、登山家の仲西政一郎、郷土史家の杉中浩一郎、作家・林業家の宇江敏勝らによる踏査(1982年)は全ルートを通して歩いただけでなく、沿道の遺跡・民俗・伝承についても報告している。
- Tamaki tried to travel across only Hatenashi Pass, however a group including a mountaineer Masaichiro NAKANISHI, a local history researcher Koichiro SUGINAKA and a writer/forester Toshikatsu UE walked the whole route and reported on relics, folk customs and legends along the road (1982).
- 由緒書きによると、武田家の家宝「楯無」の鎧は神功皇后が三韓征伐の時に住吉大社に武運長久を祈念し得た鎧であり、ゆえあって甲州武田家の所有するところとなった(無論三韓征伐云々の伝記は時代的に合わないので史実ではない)。
- According to its written guarantee of origin, a family treasure of the Takeda family 'Tatenashi-no-yoroi' was the one given to Empress Jingu when she prayed at Sumiyoshi-taisha Shrine for long-lasting luck in the battle of Sankan seibatsu (the conquest of three countries in old Korea), and it later came into the possession of the Koshu Takeda family for a certain reason (needless to say, it is not a historical fact because the age of Sankan seibatsu doesn't coincide with the dates)
- 日本人の死後の世界観としては、神道的な観点から人間も自然の一部と考えるため「生前の行いの善悪にかかわらず無に(自然)還る。」という考えや、仏教的な観点から死後釈迦の下で修行をし「仏に成る(成仏)」という考えがある。
- With regards to the afterlife, Japanese think 'one returns to nothing (nature) regardless of whether one did good or bad in one's lifetime' based on the Shinto perspective that human beings are part of nature, but also think one undergoes training under Shakyamuni after his/her death to 'become a Buddha' (entering Nirvana) from a Buddhist viewpoint.
- 当初、京都、鎌倉といった風雅な街並みが残る観光地、又は浅草などの人力車の似合う下町での営業が始まり、次第に伊豆伊東、道後温泉といった温泉町や「無法松の一生」にちなむ門司港、有名観光地である中華街などに広がっていった。
- Such businesses initially started in tourist spots with elegant townscapes such as Kyoto and Kamakura, or in downtown areas like Asakusa in Tokyo where jinrikisha blend in well with the scenery, and gradually spread to hot-spring resorts such as Ito Onsen in the Izu area and Dogo Onsen, and the port of Moji, which appears in the movie 'Muhomatsu no issho' (Wild Matsu the Rickshaw Man), and to famous Chinatowns.
- 「掘端」では「……とんだ無限の梅が枝だが、ここで三合かしこで五合、ひろい集めて三升あまり、これじゃしまいに源太もどきで、鎧を質に置かざあなるめえ。裸になっても、酒ばかりは呑まずにはいられねえ」という忠弥の科白が有名。
- The famous monologue of Chuya in the 'Horibata' scene is as follows: 'I know Umegaeda's Mugen no kane (bell of infinity) is an unusual story, but I will end up pawning my armor in a way similar to Genta because I cannot scrape together enough money for sake. I cannot help drinking sake even if I lose my shirt.'
- 彼らは、元々は武士では無かったかもしれないが、印東庄司を兼ねる上総介平常澄から動員が掛かれば、鎧を着、弓箭・兵仗を帯びて、何人か十何人かの郎党とともに騎馬武者として駆けつける立場の者も相当含まれていたと思われている。
- They may not have been bushi but many were in a position to rush in while wearing armor, holding bows, and staffed as cavalry busha leading dozens of retainers when mobilized by TAIRA no Tsunezumi, who was Kazusa no suke (vice minister of Kazusa Province) that also served as Into no Shoji (administrator of a manor of Into no sho).
- 前述のように大滝集落から水ヶ峯にかけての区間が高野龍神スカイラインの建設で失われたことに加え、水ヶ峯から大股にかけての尾根道に林道タイノ原線が建設されたことで、尾根上の古道は無残にも破壊され、古道は完全に損なわれた。
- As explained above, the section from Otaki Village to Mizugamine was lost by the construction of Koya Ryujin Skyline, and the old road on the ridge from Mizugamine to Omata was destroyed and lost completely by the construction of the Forestry Road Tainohara Route.
- 寛永4年(1627年)に紫衣事件、徳川家光の乳母である福(春日局)が無位無官で朝廷に参内するなど天皇の権威を失墜させる江戸幕府のおこないに耐えかねた天皇は同6年11月8日、二女の興子内親王(のちの明正天皇)に譲位した。
- Because of the incidents such as Shie Incident of 1627, and another in which Fuku (Kasuga no tsubone), the wet nurse of Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, went to the Imperial Palace as a common citizen, the Emperor could not take the situation whereby he had to live with the humiliation from the Edo government, so he abdicated the throne on November 8, 1627 and passed the position to his second daughter, Imperial Princess Okiko (later called Empress Meisho).
- 古代においては律令制のもとで戸籍に '良' と分類された有姓階層全体、すなわち貴族、官人、公民、雑色人が百姓であり、天皇、及び '賎' とされた無姓の奴婢などの賎民、及び化外の民とされた蝦夷などを除外した概念であった。
- In the ancient times, the concept of hyakusho was all classes with surnames that were classified as 'Ryo' (law-abiding people) in a family register under the Ritsuryo system, i.e., nobles, government officials, citizens, and zoshikinin (lower-level functionaries in the provincial government), excluding emperors, humble or lowly people without a surname who were classified as 'Sen' such as slaves, and Emishi (northerners) who were classified as social outcasts.
- (『扶桑略記』では病死説の後一説として「一云 天皇駕馬 幸山階鄕 更無還御 永交山林 不知崩所 只以履沓落處爲其山陵 以往諸皇不知因果 恒事殺害」とあり山中で行方不明になったとされることから天武天皇側による暗殺説もある)
- (According to 'Fuso-Ryakki', he died from an illness, but another explanation that has been offered is that he went missing in the mountains and that Emperor Temmu had him assassinated.)
- このように後白河には悪評以外に評価が無く、悪評が後を絶たないが、これは、後白河が自らの院政によって武家勢力との共存を図り、結果として次から次にあたかも手駒を捨てていくかのごとく武士を利用していった事が大きな要因といえる。
- Because of this, Goshirakawa only had a continuing bad reputation until now, because he used Samurai one after another as if they were disposable, just like throwing a Japanese chess piece away when it is not needed while playing the game, while he tried to coexist with other Samurai forces by ruling his cloister government.
- 2005年、林野庁では、今後5年間に60万本の無花粉スギを植えるということを2005年に発表したが、1haあたり3,000本を植林すると考えればわずか200ヘクタールにすぎなかった(日本のスギ林は約453万ヘクタール)。
- In 2005, the Forestry Agency announced plans to plant 600,000 pollen-free cedar trees during the next five years but when it is considered that 1 hectare contains 3,000 trees, this is equivalent to a total of only 200 hectares (Japanese cedar tree forests occupy approximately 4,530,000 hectares in Japan).
- また、雄略天皇の皇女で、斎宮である栲幡姫皇女(稚足姫皇女)が、湯人(ゆえ:皇子女の沐浴等に仕える役職)の盧城部連武彦の子供を妊娠したと、阿閇氏国見に讒言され、無実を晴らすため自殺した事件が雄略天皇紀3年4月条に載っている。
- According to the April A.D. 459 part of the History of Emperor Yuryaku, Takuhatahime no Himemiko (also called Wakatarashihime no Himemiko; a daughter of the Emperor Yuryaku; Saigu (Imperial Princess appointed to serve the deities of the Ise-jingu Shrine)) got slandered by Ahe no omi, saying that she got pregnant by a yue (a bathing servant to princes and princesses), Iokibe no Muraji Takehiko, and she killed herself to prove her innocence.
- そこで、関白藤原師通らが、天文密奏宣旨授与者である中原師遠と天文博士安倍親宗を喚問したところ、師遠は流星に気付かずに観測が出来なかったために密奏が出来ず、親宗は天文異変ではないので天文密奏の必要性は無かったと回答している。
- Then, kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) FUJIWARA no Moromichi and others summoned NAKAHARA no Moroto, who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso, and tenmon hakase ABE no Chikamune -- Moroto confessed that he could not have done misso because he was not aware of the meteor and failed to observe it; but Chikamune explained that since the meteor was not an extraordinary astronomical phenomenon, it needed not to be reported as tenmon misso.
- 活躍した時代の異なる歌人たちを同時代の人物として一同に会するなど、史的考証の面では明らかな誤りが多く、また「草紙を洗う」という突飛な展開や、小町が作中で詠む歌など「稚気あふれる作品」と評され、「荒唐無稽」な筋立ての能である。
- This story is reviewed as 'childlike' both for the eccentric idea to 'rinse Soshi with water' and for Komachi's childish poem itself during the play, and also the plot is seen as 'unrealistic and having many historical errors,' because master poets from different times are portrayed as if they lived in the same period.
- 実は先代の後水尾法皇の院政にも幕府は反対であったが、幼少の天皇が続いた事に加えて、2代将軍徳川秀忠の娘である法皇の中宮・東福門院がこれを擁護したために黙認せざるを得なかったのであるが、霊元上皇にも同様な事を許す考えは無かった。
- In fact, the government of Edo was against the cloister government of the late Cloistered Emperor Gomizunoo, which was being continued by the young Emperor; meanwhile, the daughter of the second shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, who was also the pontificate second consort of the Emperor, Tohuku-Mon In, protected the cloister government, which had to be ignored, but the government of Edo did not intend to do the same with the Retired Emperor Reigen.
- 自営業でなくても、親と同じ職種につくことは人脈や職務上必要とされる知識といった無形の財産をひきつぐ上で有利であるため、政治家、外交官、大学教員、芸能人など、社会的に突出した職業や地位の多くに、事実上の世襲が多くなる傾向がある。
- Even though it is not an independent enterprise, to take the same occupation as the parent is advantageous in terms of the succession of intangible assets such as goodwill, personal networks and the knowledge required in the course of their work; therefore, many of those occupations or positions that are regarded as socially outstanding such as politicians, diplomatic officials, academics, and entertainers tend to be passed on through the generations.
- そのほか、天皇が宮中で何者かに刺殺あるいは斬殺されたという説もみられ、「宮家の侍医が深夜呼び出されて御所に上がり、腹部を刺され血まみれになった孝明天皇と思われる貴人を手当てしたが甲斐無く絶命した」という型の話が数種流布している。
- Apart from this, there was another theory that the Emperor was killed by tying rope around his neck or by being stabbed to death by someone, there were many rumors like 'doctors of the household of an Imperial prince was called at midnight to the Imperial Palace who treated a nobleman who presumably could have been emperor Komei, he was in blood after being stabbed around his stomach, although treated, he died.'
- 元に滅ぼされた南宋(1279年に滅亡)から日本へ渡った蘭渓道隆・兀庵普寧や、北条時宗の招きに応じて来日した無学祖元、元からの国使として来日した一山一寧など、13世紀末から14世紀前半にかけて大陸から日本へ渡来した禅僧は多かった。
- Many Zen priests visited Japan from the late 13th century to the early 14th century including Rankei Doryu (Lanxi Daolong) and Gottan Funei, who crossed over to Japan from Southern Sung Dynasty (ruined in 1279), Mugaku Sogen, who visited Japan by invitation of Tokimune HOJO, and Issan Ichinei (Yishan Yining), who visited Japan as a kokushi (envoys dispatched from provincial governors) from the Yuan Dynasty.
- 姦夫を妻敵討として殺害した本夫が姦夫の親族から殺人罪で告発された裁判で、本夫が姦通を理由に先に妻を殺害してしまえばその原因を作った姦夫は妻敵になるのであるから、本夫が妻敵討を行っても殺人罪とはならず無罪となるという判例を下した。
- The bakufu set a legal precedent that if the real husband killed his wife first for the reason of adultery, the adulterer who had brought about the cause would be considered as megataki (adulterer), and for this reason, even if the husband practiced megataki uchi (revenge oneself on the adulterer), it would not constitute a crime of murder, and thus, the husband was innocent.
- 江戸時代には、尊皇思想の勃興とともに、天皇陵探索の気運が高まり、松下見林、本居宣長、蒲生君平、北浦定政、谷森善臣、平塚瓢斎などが、陵墓の所在地を考証したり、現地に赴いたりしており、江戸幕府による修陵もこうした動きと無関係ではない。
- As the philosophy advocating the reverence for the emperor was adopted by an increasing number of people, attempts were made to search for lost imperial mausoleums, with scholars such as Kenrin MATSUSHITA, Norinaga MOTOORI, Kunpei GAMO, Sadamasa KITAURA, Yoshiomi TANIMORI, and Hyosai HIRATSUKA studying historical evidence and visiting past mausoleum sites; mausoleum repairs performed by the Tokugawa government are not unrelated to these attempts.
- 探題は管領と同じ権限を持ったと思われるが、のちに奥州の有力国人は将軍家と直接主従関係を結ぶ「京都扶持衆」となり、奥州南半には篠川御所、稲村御所など鎌倉公方の分家が入府し、勢力を持っていたため、奥州管領時代のような威勢は無くなった。
- Although Tandai (Local commissioner) is thought to have possessed the same authority as Kanrei did, it was not so influential as in the period of the Oshu Kanrei, due to the facts that the powerful Kokujin in the Oshu region later became 'the Kyoto fuchishu' by entering into the feudal master-servant relationship directly with the Shogun family and that the branch families of the Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) including Sasagawa Gosho (Palace) and Inamura Gosho entered into the southern part of the Oshu region and exercised influence.
- 愛媛県以外でも、奄美大島では「ナマトヌカヌシ」という牛神信仰祭があり、八角八足八尾の星形のまだら模様を無数にもつ牛の妖怪神(農耕神)が海から上がり、チャルメラのような大声で叫んで篝火の間を徘徊し、島人は地に頭をつけて迎えるという。
- Outside Ehime Prefecture, Amami-oshima Island has a religious rite based on the faith in Ushioni named 'Numatonukanushi,' in which a cow specter god (agricultural god) having eight hones, eight legs, eight tails, and numerous star-shaped spots comes ashore from the sea, wanders among bonfires with shouts in a loud voice similar to the voice of charumera (a shawm-like instrument played by street vendors) while people on the island welcome it by putting their heads on the ground.
- こうして、祭礼のとき以外に、結婚式、葬式などはもちろん、血税の無駄遣いであったオリンピックの誘致活動、なかにはプロのボウリング・トーナメントの開会式などで演奏されることもあり、さらにはゲリラ・ライブを敢行する保存会や講・連もある。
- So, the danjiri-bayashi has been played at a promotion for the Olympics, which was wasteful spending of taxpayer's money, and the opening ceremony of a professional bowling tournament as well as weddings and funerals; moreover, there are some preservation societies and forums called Ko and Ren that carry out guerrilla concerts.
- また、鉄砲が広まった後も天候に関係なく無音で射て、速射性に優れ安価である事、鉄砲と異なり弭槍(弓の先端に槍の穂を付け、緊急時に槍とするもの)で近距離でもある程度は対抗できるといった理由があるため、数を減らしながらも用いられ続けた。
- Furthermore, even after the spread of guns, bows and arrows remained in use even with a decrease in number, because arrows could be shot soundlessly regardless of the weather, and they could be shot quickly, and they were inexpensive, and furthermore, unlike the guns, hazuyari (the blade of a spear was attached to the tip of the bow, turning it into a spear in acute situations) could be used, to a certain degree, to fight even in short-range battles.
- 惣無事令に違反した北条氏政・北条氏直親子を、天正18年(1590年)、23万人の大兵力を動員して攻略(小田原攻め)、さらに東北の伊達政宗や最上義光らも秀吉に臣従することを誓い(奥州仕置)、ここに豊臣政権のもとに天下統一は成された。
- In 1590, Hideyoshi, with his tremendous military force of 230,000 soldiers, attacked and captured Ujimasa HOJO and his son, Ujinao, who had broken 'Ou Sobujirei' (Attack of Odawara), and Masamune DATE, Yoshiaki MOGAMI and others in Tohoku (the northeast) region pledged allegiance to Hideyoshi (Oshu Shioki (approach to punish the powerful warriors in the area of Oshu, to prevent them from strengthening their power)); and by this the whole country was unified under the Toyotomi government.
- 一方関東地方や東北、九州南部などの地域においては、既に中央の統制下から離れた状態のまま、各地域内部において有力武家間の大規模な紛争が発生しており、この戦いとは全く無関係に戦乱状態に突入していた(関東については享徳の乱を参照のこと)。
- On the other hand, in some regions including Kanto, Tohoku and Southern Kyushu, large-scale conflicts had already begun among influential samurai families within individual territories already out of central control, and these areas were already in a state of war irrespective of the battle in and around the capital region (for further information on Kanto, see the article on Kyotoku Incident).
- 高次の子である京極忠高は、大坂の役での功績により、室町時代、京極氏の旧領であった出雲国隠岐国二十六万四千石へと加増されるが、嫡子の無いまま急死し、末期養子の京極高和は播磨国龍野藩六万石へと減封、さらに讃岐国丸亀藩六万石へと転封となる。
- Takatsugu's son Tadataka KYOGOKU's koku was increased to 264,000 koku of Izumo and Oki Provinces that were the Kyogoku clan's old territories, because of the great achievement in the Osaka wars, but Tadataka suddenly died without an heir, and his matsugo yoshi (adopted as a son on his deathbed) Takakazu KYOGOKU's koku was decreased to the Tasuno domain of Harima Province with 60,000 koku, and was further transferred to the Marugame domain of Sanuki Province with 60,000 koku.
- が、当時の紀伊国造家や津守氏のように本姓はあっても名字の存在しない家や、源義高 (左兵衛権佐)流源氏のように姓と名字が同一の例も存在するなど、名字と本姓が必ず別であるという規則は無いこともあり、豊臣宗家の名字を断定することは出来ない。
- However, there was no strict rule on that myoji (family name) and honsei (original name) had to be different as these examples show: in the cases of the Miyatsuko family of Kii Province, and the Tsumori family, the honsei (original name) existed but they had no myoji (family name), on the other hand, the Minamoto clan, the line of MINAMOTO no Yoshitaka (Sahyoe no gon no suke [provisional assistant captain of the Left Division of Middle Palace Guards]), the sei (surname) and myoji (family name) were the same, and therefore, it is impossible to conclude what was the myoji of the head family of TOYOTOMI.
- 当時、後光明天皇が余りにも急な死に方をしたために毒殺と噂され、天皇による高貴宮(後の霊元天皇)の養子縁組の意思表示の有無が疑問とされたが、後光明天皇の側近らは天皇が高貴宮の誕生直後より万一に備えて縁組の意向を表明していたと主張している。
- Due to the sudden death of Emperor Gokomyo, there was concern that the Emperor might be poisoned by someone, and the Emperor's acceptance to adopt Atenomiya (Prince Ate, later called Emperor Reigen) was questioned; however, Emperor Gokomyo's close advisers insisted that the Emperor wanted this arrangement to be organized in order to prepare for the worst-case scenario when Atenomiya was born.
- しかし積極的に宗教や神仏を否定するわけではなく、いざとなった場合は神仏に頼ったり「祟り」や「罰(ばち)」などの宗教的概念を尊重する日本人が多いことからも、日本人の多くは特定の宗教を信仰しない無宗教ではあっても無神論者というわけではない。
- Most Japanese have no religion, nor practice a particular religion, but it may be not true that they are atheists, as seen from the fact that many of them do not strongly deny religions or Shinto and Buddhist deities, rely on the deities when they are in trouble, and respect religious ideas, such as 'curses' and 'bad karma.'
- 関連書に、やはり藤原定家の撰に成る『百人秀歌』があり、百人秀歌と百人一首との主な相違点は「後鳥羽天皇・順徳天皇の歌が無く、代わりに藤原定子・源国信・藤原長方の3名が入っている」「源俊頼の歌が『うかりける』でなく別の歌である」2点である。
- FUJIWARA no Teika left another personal collection 'Hyakunin Shuka' (The Outstanding Waka by a Hundred Pests); the big difference with 'Ogura Hyakunin Isshu' is two things: It doesn't choose Emperor Gotoba nor Emperor Juntoku, while choosing FUJIWARA no Teishi (Sadako), MINAMOTO no Kunizane (Kuninobu) and FUJIWARA no Nagakata; the tanka by MINAMOTO no Toshiyori is different one (in 'Ogura Hyakunin Isshu' his tanka begins with 'Ukari-keru').
- 絵巻の内容は、大江匡房の『江談抄』に記される物語と一致しており、遣唐使の吉備真備が在唐中に幽閉され、鬼(幽霊)となった安倍仲麻呂に導かれて、皇帝による『文選 (書物)』や囲碁による無理難題を解いて、遂に帰国を達成する、というものである。
- The contents of the picture scroll match the story marked down in 'Godansho,' written by OE no Masafusa, and the story is about KIBI no Makibi, a Japanese envoy sent to Tang Dynasty China, who succeeds in returning to Japan after being imprisoned during his visit to Tang by solving arduous tasks: 'Monzen' (Wen-hsuan, ancient Chinese poems) Igo (board game of capturing territory) and more set by the Emperor of Tang, with the guidance of his companion ABE no Nakamaro who passed away and became a ghost.
- 実は、母・穏子が没すると身辺が寂しくなったらしく、同年に妻・雅子内親王を亡くしたばかりの師輔と正式の婚儀を経る前に懇ろになってしまったのが事実のようで、『大鏡』では弟・村上天皇の面前で藤原実頼にその節操の無さを暴露された話が紹介されている。
- The fact seemed to be that, after her mother, Onshi, died, she felt lonely, and had affairs with Morosuke whose wife, Imperial Princess Masako (or Gashi), had just died, before the official procedures for marriage took place, and 'Okagami' (the Great Mirror) introduces an episode where FUJIWARA no Saneyori revealed her unprincipled behavior in front of her younger brother, Emperor Murakami.
- 飛鳥時代には右官、左官と言う名称で今で言う左官業とそれ以外の普請業を右官といった説や左官、大工説などはっきりしないが、安土桃山時代に城普請で活躍した穴太衆(あのうしゅう)の一部が城普請が無くなってから曳き屋に転業したという記録が残っている。
- In Asuka period, tobishoku was called ukan and sakan, which vaguely refers to either the current plasterer and other fushingyo (construction workers) as ukan, or the plasterer and the carpenter; however, it is recorded that some Anoshu (group of stonemason), who were active in building castles in Azuchi-Momoyama period, switched jobs and became hikiya after the castle construction was terminated.
- スポーツチャンバラの原点はごっこ遊びとしてのチャンバラと、護身術としての棒術の延長にあり、適度な長さの棒で相手を打ち据える(試合で使用する器具は中空の軟質素材であるため怪我の心配が無く、また顔には専用の軽量な防具をつける)というものである。
- The origin of sports chanbara is an extension of make-believe game chanbara as well as art of defense using a stick as a weapon, in which an appropriate length stick is used to beat an opponent (hollow soft material stick is used for game, so there is no concern about injury and also special lightweight protective gear is put on face).
- 次いで1682年、鷹司房輔が関白を辞した際には本来の順序ならば左大臣である近衛基熙を関白に任じるべきところを、霊元天皇は彼が小倉事件ににおける自分の措置に対して批判的であると睨んでいたため、これを無視して右大臣の一条冬経(兼輝)を越任させた。
- Subsequently, in 1682, when Fusasuke TAKATSUKASA resigned from his post as kanpaku (chief adviser) to the Emperor, Emperor Reigen appointed Fuyutsune (Kaneteru) ICHIJO, of Udaijin (Minister of the right), to be a successor, although in an original orderly manner Motohiro KONOE of Sadaijin (Minister of the left), should have been appointed instead; but the Emperor did not do so, as he suspected that Motohiro KONOE was critical to him after giving measures to him in the wake of the Ogura Incident.
- 太平洋戦争勃発後、無尽会社は戦時統合の対象とされ、都道府県別に1社に「強制的に合併させられた」と第二地方銀行協会は記念誌で主張しているが、これは、陸上交通事業調整法のような直接的法律に基づき行なわれた明確な処分ではないので、実態は未詳である。
- After the Pacific War broke out, Mujin companies became the target of wartime integration and a Second Association of Regional Banks asserted in an anniversary magazine that they were 'forced to merge' into one company per prefecture, but this was not a clear disposition performed based on direct law like the Land Transportation Business Coordination Act, therefore, actual conditions are not known.
- しかし髙橋昌明が「ここでは中心的な問題ではない」というその「ここ」、つまり「武士職能の発生論」ではなくて、「武士」という存在全体、髙橋昌明がいうところの「存在の真の根拠」を理解しようとするときには、在地領主としての存在も無視する訳にはいかない。
- However, the existence of estate owners cannot be ignored in order to understand 'bushi' existence and 'the real origin of existence' mentioned by Masaaki TAKAHASHI, but excluding 'the theory of origin of bushi performance' that he pointed out in 'this' is not a central problem.'
- なお第十二章と十三章の本来の章題は「五行相刑法第十二」、「五行相破法第十三」で、章題に「五行」の字句を含んでいるが、どちらも相生相剋とは無関係に、十二支に特殊な相互関係である「十二支ニ支の相互関係」と「十二支ニ支の相互関係」の説明となっている。
- Although the titles of Chapter 12 and Chapter 13, 'Gogyosokeiho daijuni' and 'Gogyosohaho daijusan' respectively, include the term 'Gogyo, the explanations are related not to Sojo Sokoku (compatibility between the cosmic dual forces) but to 'the mutual relationship between junishi and nishi,' the specific mutual relationship of junishi.
- 使用する道具は、まず第一に「刀」の代りになる木切れで、器用な子は太い枝を肥後守(プレス加工で作られた安価なナイフ)で削って立派な「木刀(ただし剣道で使う実戦的な打撃を目的とする木剣では無く、刀のような形状をした薄い木片である)」を作ったりもした。
- First of all, chunks of wood were used as 'sword' and children who were good at handicraft made fine 'wooden swords' – not the wooden swords for actual fight of kendo (Japanese art of fencing), but a sword-shaped thin pieces of wood - by whittling wide branches with Higonokami (a cheap knife produced by press working).
- 藤田はこの説を裏付ける証拠として、本能寺の変の直前に光秀が上杉景勝に協力を求めて送った使者が、「御当方(上杉のこと)無二御馳走(協力)申し上げるべき」(「覚上公御書集」より)と、明らかに上杉より身分の高い人物への協力を促していることを示している。
- Fujita advocated that Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA existed in the background of Mitsuhide pointing out that, as evidences to substantiate his view, Mitsuhide's envoy who was sent to Kagekatsu UESUGI immediately before Honnoji Incident asking for cooperation stated 'The Uesugi should cooperate' ('Kakujokogoshoshu') requesting cooperation to a person who was in higher position than Uesugi's.
- なお、戦前の皇国史観においては、鎌倉幕府が亀山法皇の遺詔を無視して恒明親王を立てなかったことを「不忠」であると非難する主張がなされる事があったが、幕府はあくまでも亀山法皇の嫡男でありかつ当時の治天の君であった後宇多上皇の意向に従っただけに過ぎない。
- Under the emperor-centered historiography based on state Shinto before the War, there was criticism towards the Kamakura bakufu's disloyalty since they ignored the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama's will to allow Imperial Prince Tsuneaki succeed to the throne, but the bakufu only obeyed the Retired Emperor Gouda's intention, who was the eldest son of the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama and the Chiten no kimi (person in power) at that time.
- しかし実質的な内容が簒奪であっても表向きは「自主的に血縁関係が無い有徳の人物に君主の地位を譲る」禅譲と称されることがあり、これは前王朝から王位・帝位を獲得した方法について、肯定的ないし賞賛する立場からの表現であり、批判的な立場からは「簒奪」とされる。
- However, even when it was practically an usurpation, sometimes, it is officially referred as a peaceful transfer of power by 'giving the position of the monarch voluntarily to someone with virtue who are not related by blood ties' which is an expression from a favorable standpoint or in praise of the method to acquire the crown from the former dynasty and it is referred as 'usurpation' from a critical standpoint.
- こういった問題において、例えば箸は軽度の意識障害や指先の運動機能障害がある場合に大変扱い難い食器となってしまうわけだが、ここで先割れスプーン(特に先端部がフォーク状になっているもの)を使うと、無理な姿勢で食器に顔を近づけずとも、口元まで食事を運びやすい。
- For instance, in these problems, chopsticks are difficult to use for people who have disturbance of consciousness or motility disorder of fingertips, here, if they use spork (particularly, they use the spork with fork-like tip), it is easy for them to bring food to their mouths without moving their faces to eating utensils in unnatural posture.
- なお後者は、その様子を見た定子の弟藤原隆家が「追従深き老狐かな」と罵ったというが、この逸話は内親王の機転の利く聡明な人柄を伝えると同時に、いかに世に重きをなす大斎院といえども有力な後見のない内親王としては、時の摂関との結びつきを無視できなかったことが伺える。
- In addition, the latter stated that Teishi's brother who saw that state of things, swore 'an old fox was following her,' but this anecdote revealed that the Imperial Princess had a tactful and clever personality, and how even the Great Saiin, could not ignore the bond with the regent because she did not have a dominant successor.
- また、弁官局は職掌によって左右に分かれているが、官宣旨はその職掌とは無関係に吉事(一般の行政・事件)は左弁官が、凶事(犯罪者の追捕)は右弁官が発給することとなっており、しかも前者が発給する(「左弁官下文」)が圧倒的に多いため、前者のみを官宣旨と称する場合もある。
- Benkankyoku had two benkans according to its duties: benkan of the right (called ubenkan) and benkan of the left (called sabenkan), but kansenji were issued irrespective of these duties, that is, kansenji on happy events (ordinary administrative events) were issued by sabenkan, whereas kansenji on unhappy events (additional arrests) are issued by ubenkan, and since edicts issued by the former (called 'sabenkan gebun') are predominantly numerous, some claim that only this type of documents are kansenji.
- ちなみに「七宝」とは仏教では、『無量寿経』によると、「金、銀、瑠璃(るり)、玻璃(はり)、シャコ、珊瑚(さんご)、瑪瑙(めのう)の七種の宝」のことで、世界中の財宝を表し、また『法華経』では、「金、銀、瑠璃、真珠、シャコ、マイ瑰(まいかい)、瑪瑙の七種」のことである。
- According to 'Muryoju-kyo' (Sutra of Immeasurable Life) in Buddhism, 'shippo' means 'seven treasures of gold, silver, lapis lazuli, crystal (quartz), giant clamshells, coral, and agate,' which represent treasures from all over the world, and in 'Hokke-kyo' (Lotus Sutra), they are 'gold, silver, lapis lazuli, pearl, giant clamshell, maikai, and agate.'
- 深川の無頼者たちを仲間にする三五郎が、父の旧主の困窮のために人を騙すのに対して、結局のところ痴情によって多数の人を斬り殺す源五兵衛が、最終的には数右衛門に戻って晴れて義士の列に加わる点において、不条理な身分の違いを、暗に、しかし強烈に、南北は皮肉っているとされている。
- It is said that Nanboku satirized the unreasonable hierarchical society indirectly and severely by depicting the outcomes of main two characters' lives; although Sangoro is just a ruffian of the common people's town Fukagawa, he cheats a person to save his father's ex-master who has been in difficulties; however, although Gengobe murders many people by passions, at last he sheds his disguise and as real himself Kazuemon, joins the group of the loyal samurai with no shame.
- 公儀に対し奉り、忠節の輩に、御恩賞・御褒美を加えられたく候と雖も、領中等之なきに於ては、信長分領の内を以ても、上意次第に申し付くべきの事(将軍家に対して忠節を尽くした者に恩賞・褒美をやりたくても、将軍には領地が無いのだから、信長が分国の中で都合をつけることにすること)。
- 公儀に対し奉り,忠節の輩に,御恩賞・御褒美を加えられたく候と雖も,領中等之なきに於ては,信長分領の内を以ても,上意次第に申し付くべきの事 (Should it happen that the shogun wishes to recognize or reward those who have given loyal service to kogi [the public authority, i.e., the shogun] without there being estates available for that purpose, Nobunaga will allot such, if must be, from his own domains, as the shogun may require.)
- 皇祖考古今ニ鑑ミテ維新ノ鴻図ヲ闢キ中外ニ徴シテ立憲ノ遠猷ヲ敷キ文ヲ経トシ武ヲ緯トシ以テ曠世ノ大業ヲ建ツ皇考先朝ノ宏謨ヲ紹継シ中興ノ丕績ヲ恢弘シ以テ皇風ヲ宇内ニ宣フ朕寡薄ヲ以テ忝ク遺緒ヲ嗣キ祖宗ノ擁護ト億兆ノ翼戴トニ頼リ以テ天職ヲ治メ墜スコト無ク愆ツコト無カラムコトヲ庶幾フ
- 皇祖考古今ニ鑑ミテ維新ノ鴻図ヲ闢キ中外ニ徴シテ立憲ノ遠猷ヲ敷キ文ヲ経トシ武ヲ緯トシ以テ曠世ノ大業ヲ建ツ皇考先朝ノ宏謨ヲ紹継シ中興ノ丕績ヲ恢弘シ以テ皇風ヲ宇内ニ宣フ朕寡薄ヲ以テ忝ク遺緒ヲ嗣キ祖宗ノ擁護ト億兆ノ翼戴トニ頼リ以テ天職ヲ治メ墜スコト無ク愆ツコト無カラムコトヲ庶幾フ
- これに対し、満仲の嫡流である頼光・頼国が所領を有さなかったとは考え難く、またこの時代は摂関政治の確立により武力を要する政変などが無くなっていたことなども踏まえ、多田庄の経営は一族や郎党の者に任せ自身は在京したものであるとの考察もなされているが、現時点では判然としていない。
- On the other hand, it is difficult to imagine that Yorimitsu and Yorikuni, the main line of Mitsunaka, did not inherit Mitsunaka's property while there were no conflicts needing military forces as the regency was established, so it is considered that Yorikuni and Yorimitsu left the management of Tada Manors to their families or retainers and stayed at the capital, but it is still controversial.
- 作家の芥川龍之介は、日本にいくら宗教を根付かせようとしても無理なのは、日本が古来から「八百万の神」を崇める、神道などに見られる独特の宗教観を持つからで、釈迦もイエス・キリストも日本にくれば神々の一人という扱いになる、といった主旨のことをある短編作品の登場人物に語らせている。
- Writer Ryunosuke AKUTAGAWA made a character in one of his short stories say things to the effect that efforts to plant any religion in Japan would not be rewarded because Japanese people had had a unique view of religion to revere 'eight million different deities' since ancient times, which can be found in Shinto, Buddha and Jesus Christ being considered to be one of these deities in Japan.
- 結果、4月4日に勅使(先鋒総督橋本実梁・同副総督柳原前光)が江戸城に入り、慶喜は水戸にて謹慎すること、江戸城は尾張徳川家に預けること等とした条件を勅諚として伝え、4月11日 (旧暦)(同5月3日)に江戸城は無血開城され、城は尾張藩、武器は肥後藩の監督下に置かれることになった。
- As a result, on April 26, the Imperial envoy (the spearhead commander, Saneyana HASHIMOTO and the deputy spearhead commander, Sakimitsu YANAGIWARA) entered Edo Castle, and delivered the Imperial order that Yoshinobu be confined to Mito, and that Edo Castle be entrusted to the Owari-Tokugawa family; on May 3, the bloodless surrender was accepted, and the weapons and Edo Castle were each placed under the supervision of the Owari and Higo Domains.
- 三木合戦もそうであったが、毛利氏は援軍の約束しながら、花隈城や尼崎城を通じて兵糧は補給していたが、1年経っても援兵はこず、このままでは城を持ちこたえるのは不可能と判断し、家臣を使者としても効果は無く、城主自ら安芸国に出向き毛利氏と直接交渉しようとしたのではないかと説明している。
- It is explained that the castellan might have judged that, because, same as in the case of Miki-jo Castle, the Mori clan promised to send reinforcement troops and supplied provisions through Hanakuma-jo Castle and Amagasaki-jo Castle, but no reinforcement troops did come even after one year, it was impossible to maintain if the situation remained as it was and, because sending subordinates as emissaries did not bring any result, the castellan decided to visit Aki Province by himself and directly negotiate with the Mori clan.
- 鞘の塗りには、滑り止めの効果を狙った「石目塗り」「叩き塗り」、凹凸の無い「呂塗り」(ツヤ塗り)、高い装飾性をもつ象嵌の「金粉散らし」「青貝散らし」「金蒔絵」「鮫皮研ぎ出し鞘」、滑り止め効果と装飾性をあわせもつ「~分刻み」(印籠刻み)などがあり、「革」や「鱗」を使った特殊なものもある。
- The scabbard are lacquered using techniques including 'ishime-nuri' (powdered lacquer surface to produce a coarse finish), and 'tataki-nuri' (semigloss uneven coating) to obtain a non-slip effect, 'ro-nuri' (gleaming lacquer finish), and highly ornate 'kinpun-chirashi' (sprinkling of gold powder), 'aogai-chirashi' (sprinkling of mother-of-pearl), 'kin-makie' (gold lacquer), 'scabbard covered with scraped shark skin,' 'xx kizami' (inro-kizami, grooved line patterns), and rare techniques using 'leather' or 'scales.'
- これら須恵器系の窯には、大畑窯(秋田県)、泉谷地窯・新溜窯(山形県)、飯坂窯(福島県)、金井窯(群馬県)、神出窯・魚住窯(兵庫県)、亀山窯(岡山県)、十瓶山窯(香川県)、樺番丈窯(熊本県)があり、いずれも分焔柱をともなわない窖窯で壺、鉢はじめ庶民のための無釉の生活用具が多数製作された。
- The kilns for sueki included Ohata kiln (Akita Prefecture), Izumiyaji kiln, Shintame kiln (Yamagata Prefecture), Iizaka kiln (Fukushima Prefecture), Kanei kiln (Gunma prefecture), Kande Kiln, Uozumi kiln (Hyogo Prefecture), Kameyama kiln (Okayama Prefecture), Tokameyama kiln (Kagawa Prefecture), 樺番丈窯(Kumamoto Prefecture), all of which were not equipped with bunen-chu, and unglazed practical ware including jars, pots were created in plenty.
- 正確な数値を出すのが難しい理由は、いまや簡単な精米機が家庭でも所有され、玄米のままで食べる人、三分搗き(づき / つき)、五分搗き、七分搗きで食べる人など精米歩合は無限に細かくすることができ、なおかつ、どこから先を「白米」と考えて食べているかは結局、消費者本人の感覚によっているからである。
- The reason why it is difficult to find the accurate numbers is that the rice-polishing ratio can be infinitely subdivided under the current circumstance where simple rice-milling machines are installed in some homes and some people eat brown rice without polishing and others eat rice after thirty percent threshing, half threshing or seventy percent threshing, and that after all the boundary of 'polished rice' depends on the sense of the consumer.
- だが、鎌倉幕府によって地頭が設置されて検断権を掌握し、更に在地勢力に発言権の高まりとともに本所及び荘務権そのものが衰退し、南北朝時代 (日本)に守護請・地頭請あるいは在地の有力者などに一定額の年貢納入義務を引き換えに荘務を請負わせる「請負荘園」の増加によって荘務権は有名無実化することになる。
- However, since the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) had established the jito (estate stewards), who held the right to judge criminal cases, the authority of the shomuken and honjo themselves eroded; and further, as the cases of 'Ukeoi shoen, ' which was the contract system in which the shoen owners entrusted the shomu to Shugo and Jito (military governor and estate steward) or to the locally influential individuals in return for the exemption of the payment of the certain amount of nengu (land tax), increased during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the shomuken virtually lost its substance.
- 板額は離縁されたのち「・・・去られた女房は三界に家なし、家が無ければ主もなし。誰に憚り遠慮せん。」の台詞と「たとえこの門磐石にて固めるとも、夫思いの我が念力、やわか通さでおくべきかと」という浄瑠璃の詞に乗り、夫に会釈ののちもみ手をして門前に行き、懐紙で門にあてて押すという演じ方が伝わっている。
- It is perceived by the audience that, after being divorced, uttering the lines of '…the abandoned woman has no home of her own in the three worlds, and, if no home, then no master. There is nobody to show a reserved attitude.' and the joruri expression of 'Even if this gate is fortified with large stones, the force of my will arising from my devotion to my husband shall force through the gate.', Hangaku gives a nod to her husband, rubs her hands together, gets to the front of the gate, and then touches the gate with the kaishi (paper folded and tucked inside the front of kimono) to push it.
- 更に他の学科でも同様であったが、算博士の推薦を受けて成業(得業生及び奉試及第)の見込みのない者を無試験で地方国司や京官の下級役人に推挙する算道挙・算道年挙が行われるようになったり、一般の算生でも一定の条件を満たせば得業生に準じた奉試受験資格を得て試験を受けることが出来るようになった(准得業生試)。
- It was the same in the other departments, and gradually Sando-kyo and Sando-nenkyo began to recommend those who were unlikely to become Jogo (a student who completed a course) (Tokugosho (Distinguished Scholars of Numbers) and Hoshikyudai (examination passed)) as provincial governors and low-level functionaries of Capital officials without the examination recommended by San hakase; additionally, it was made possible for general Sansho to be qualified according to Tokugosho by satisfying certain conditions and taking an examination (Juntokugyoshoshi (Associate Distinguished Scholars of Numbers)).
- 建武の新政は表面上は復古的であるが、内実は蒙古的な天皇専制を目指し、武家を排除した公家中心の政権運営を敷き、性急な改革、土地訴訟への対応の不備や恩賞の不公平、大内裏建設計画などその施策の大半が各方面、特に武士勢力の不満を呼び、また有名な二条河原の落書に観られるようにその無能を批判され、権威を全く失墜した。
- The Kenmu Restoration appeared to be a reactionary movement, but was in fact an old and ignorant imperial dictatorship, and most of the measures introduced, such as aristocracy-centered political management that excluded the samurai, sudden reforms, inability to handle lawsuits for land, inequality in rewards, and the unreasonable Daidairi Construction Plan, caused discontent in various sectors, especially in the samurai class. As a consequence, criticism of the government for its incompetency grew, as was evidenced in the famous Nijogawara Graffiti, and the government completely lost power over the public.
- また、「文章道」の名も通称に過ぎなかったあるいはそうした名称すら無かったと言われている(そもそも大学寮において学科の名称が公式に採用されたのは、遥か後世の貞観_(日本)年間(明文化された初出を『貞観式』とする)説もあり、これを採用すれば「文章科」というものはあっても「文章道」は存在しなかったことになる)。
- In addition, there is a theory which claims that the name 'monjodo' was only a popular name or which even denies the existence of the name (in the first place, the names of subjects were officially adopted during the Jogan era (or clearly specified for the first time in 'Joganshiki Code'), which was much later than this time, and if this is true, there must have been 'monjo ka' but not 'monjodo').
- 会津藩上洛後の京都では尊攘運動がますます激しく、尊攘激派浪士による暗殺・脅迫が横行、朝廷においても尊攘派公家によって朝議が左右されるようになり、天皇の意向はまったく無視されて勅旨が乱発され、幕府に破約攘夷の実行を要求し、さらに1863年(文久3年)8月には天皇による攘夷親征を実行するための大和行幸が企てられた。
- After the statesmen of the Aizu clan had come to Kyoto, the Sonno Joi movement gained additional strength, assassinations and threats by masterless samurai extremists became commonplace; even in the Court, sympathetic court nobles to Sonno Joi had a great influence, they often gave Imperial order without asking the Emperor's permission and demanded that the Shogunate immediately renounce the treaties with foreign countries following the Joi group's proposal (expulsion of foreigners), and what's more, in August 1863 (according to the old lunar calendar) they planned the Emperor's visit to Yamato for carrying out the Emperor's direct commitment to Joi.
- 小鼓との神経戦である乱拍子(間をはかりながら小鼓に合わせ一歩ずつ三角に回る;大きな間をとるので、ラジオ放送では放送事故 - 無音時間過長 - になったこともある)から一転急ノ舞になる迫力、シテが鐘の中に飛び込むや鐘後見が鐘を落とすタイミング、鐘の中で単身装束を替え後ジテの姿となる変わり身と興趣が尽きない能である。
- This Noh pieces contains many interesting essences, including the dynamic change from the ranbyoshi (dancer takes measured steps in triangular formation to match the beat of the kotsuzumi [shoulder drum] – the lengthy pauses have caused radio broadcasting incidents, due to the maximum time of silence allowed being exceeded) which is a contest of nerves with the kotsuzumi to the kyu no mai (high-tempo dance), the superb timing for the koken (stagehands) to drop the bell after the shite jumps into it, and the shite changing costume inside the bell unassisted to appear as the nochi-jite (lead role of latter half).
- しかしこの宣言は、戦前戦中に「修身」の教科書などで国民が意識していた“日本国民は優秀な民族であり、世界の支配者たるべき立場にある”という概念を否定する文脈にあること、詔書の冒頭において「五箇条の御誓文」を掲げていることに見られるように、かならずしも従来の天皇のありかたそのものを否定するものでは無かったとする説もあった。
- There was a theory stating that this declaration, seen as denying that, 'Japanese people are a perfect race in position to rule the world,' which was promoted to the people before and during the war through textbooks of 'Shushin' (moral training), etc., and having a 'Charter Oath of Five Articles' declared at the beginning of Shosho (Imperial edict), not necessarily denied completely the way the Emperor existed in the past.
- これに対して「文章道」という言葉を用いた例も全く無い訳ではない(『菅家文章』元慶8年2月25日付の菅原道真奏状の中に書かれた道(学科)の現状についての件の中で用いられた「文章」は文章道という呼称を用いたものとされている)ものの、過渡的なものであり、10世紀に入ると公的な場においては「紀伝道」のみが用いられるようになる。
- In contrast, although we can also find the word 'monjodo' in the records ('monjo' used in SUGAWARA no Michizane's sojo (documents reported to the Emperor) dated March 29, 884 discussing the situation surrounding subjects in 'Kanke bunso' (an anthology of Chinese-style poetry by SUGAWARA no Michizane) is thought to mean monjodo), it was transitional and after entering the 10th century, only 'kidendo' was used in official occasions.
- 「本当の美しさ、劇の美しさは九段目やね。…ここに出てくる人間が、まず戸無瀬が緋綸子、小浪が白無垢、お石が前半ねずみで後半が黒、由良之助は茶色の着付に黒の上で青竹の袴、…本蔵は渋い茶系の虚無僧姿、力弥は東京のは黄八丈で、上方だと紫の双ツ巴の紋付…みんなの衣装の取り合わせが、色彩的に行ってもこれほど理に叶ったものはないですわな」
- 'The real beauty of the play is in Act Nine. Tonose wears a hirinzu (scarlet figured-satin), Konami wears a shiromuku (white kimono), Oishi wears a grey costume in the first half and a black costume in the latter half, Yuranosuke wears a brown kimono and a pair of black hakama with green bamboo patters, Honzo wears a brown komuso costume, Rikiya wears a kihachijo (high-quality yellow silk) in Tokyo and montsuki (formal dress with family crest) of two comma designs in Kamigata. Various colors are used and they make perfect sense.'
- そのため、室町幕府は応安の半済令を定めて寺社本所領の下地中分を強行する代わりに一切の押領を認めない(ただし、禁裏御料・殿下渡領・本所一円支配地は半済そのものも否認する)姿勢を取ったが、戦国時代 (日本)になるとそれも有名無実化して直務支配下にあった一部例外を除いたほとんどの寺社本所領は戦国大名や国人に奪われていくことになる。
- To cope with this situation, the Muromachi bakufu took the attitude of rejecting all the cases of embezzlement by forcing shitaji chubun (physical division of the shoen) on the jisha honjoryo by promulgating oan no hanzeirei (half-tax decrees in the oan era) (but, even the half-tax measure was rejected for kinri goryo, denka watariryo, and honjo ichien shihaichi); however, during the Sengoku period (warring states period), the decree became in name only and most part of the jisha honjoryo except for the land under the direct rule was deprived by sengoku daimyo (local chieftain of warring province) and kokujin (leading local warrior).
- 逍遥の言葉「・・・要するに、彼の貴族的な、英雄本位、淑女本位の高尚がりの活歴派に対しては、それとは反対の、平民的な、不作法な、凡人沢山、風情沢山の丸本式、草双紙式を発揚し、厳格な、窮屈な外国の審美論に対しては、無主義の、放埒な、いわば不即不離の国劇式を、暗に擁護しようという主張と抱負とが内心にあって、彼の作を書き始めたのである。」
- Shoyo said, 'In short, I started to write this work with a view and ambition in my mind to inspire noble, hero- and lady-oriented, intellectual audience, who like historical dramas, the maruhon shiki (style of complete set of books) and kusazoshi-style featuring common, rude people and having a lot of ordinary and interesting scenes--contrary to the characteristics of those audiences--and imply my ambition to support the so-called kokugeki shiki (national drama style)--a non-doctorine, loose, and neutral style--to foreign aesthetes, who hold a strict and rigid view.'
- しかしながら、こういった立憲君主との考えをば大衆をして浸透しなかったようで(それは美濃部の弁明を新聞で読んだ大衆の反応と、貴族院 (日本)での反応の温度差に明らかであり)、一連の騷動以後は天皇主権説が台頭したため、それらの論者は往々にしてこの立憲君主の考えを「西洋由来の学説の無批判の受け入れである(『國體の本義』より要約)」と断じた。
- However, it seems that the idea of the constitutional monarchy didn't prevail to the public (this was obvious from the difference in reactions between of the public who had read Minobe's explanation on newspapers and of the House of Peers [Japan]), and since the theory of the imperial sovereignty got an advantage after a series of turmoil, these people tended to advocate that the idea of the constitutional monarch was 'uncritical acceptance of western theory (summarized from 'Kokutai no Hongi' [the primordial doctrine of the national]).'
- 1382年(永徳2年)4月11日に息子の後小松天皇に譲位して、上皇として院政を開始するが、義満が朝廷の事務に積極的に介入したため実権は無く、翌年には出産を終えて宮中へ戻った妃の厳子を殴打する事件や、愛妾の按察局が義満との密通を疑われて出家する事件、義満が上皇を配流するという噂が流れると、持仏堂に篭って自殺未遂を起こすなどの騒動を起こしている。
- In 1382 on April 11 he passed the throne to his son, Emperor Gokomatsu and started ruling the cloistered government, however, he did not have control of politics since Yoshimitsu was actively involved in the Imperial Palace's business, the following year incidents happened where he beat the Empress Takako after she returned to the Imperial Palace after giving birth to her child, or his favorite mistress, Azechi no Tsubone became a nun after an affair with Yoshimitsu became apparent, and rumors were spreading that Yoshimitsu tried to sentence the retired Emperor to deportation and so on, he attempted to commit suicide inside the Jibutsu-do.
- アレあの花を見て、御心を御和らぎやと言う、産子・這子に至るまで、此の外郎の御評判、御存じ無いとは申されまいまいつぶり、角出せ棒出せぼうぼう眉に、臼杵擂鉢ばちばちぐわらぐわらぐわらと、羽目を外して今日御出での何れも様に、上げねばならぬ、売らねばならぬと、息せい引っ張り、浄土の薬の元締、薬師如来も照覧あれと、ホホ敬って外郎はいらっしゃいませぬか。
- Are ano hana wo mite, okokoro wo oyawaragi ya to iu (they say you should relieve the tension watching that flower), ubuko hauko ni itaru made, kono uiro no gohyoban, gozonji nai towa mosare maimaitsuburi (even newborn babies or crawlers will never say that they have never heard Uiro's reputation, snail), tsuno dase bo dase (stick out your horns or tentacles) bobo mayu ni (shaggy eyebrows, then), usu kine suribachi bachi bachi guwara guwara guwara to (a mill-stone, pounder and earthenware mortar are making a noise), hame wo hazushi te konnichi oide no izure mo sama ni, agene ba nara nu, urane ba nara nu to, iki seihippari (being eager to sell this medicine to you all here today, on a spree), tohosekai no kusuri no motojime, Yakushinyorai mo shoran are to, ho-ho uyamatte, uiro wa irassharimasenu ka (asking Yakushi Nyorai [the Healing Buddha], the manager of medicine in the Pure Land, to see this; with respect, would you like Uiro)?
- 開国日本の開国後の文久元年(1861年)、イギリスイギリス海軍の測量艦アクテオン号(Actaeon)が、「攘夷論をあまり刺激しない方が良い」との幕府の勧告を無視して日本沿岸の測量を強行しようとした際、たまたま幕府役人が所有していた伊能小図の写しを見て、その優秀さに大いに驚き、測量計画を中止して幕府からその写しを入手することで引き下がったという。
- In 1861, after the opening of Japan to the world, when the British navy survey ship Acteon tried forcibly to survey the Japanese coast, ignoring the warning by the Bakufu that said it would not be wise to fuel the principle of excluding foreigners, the leader of the ship was much surprised to see a copy of the Ino's small map which the Bakufu officials happened to possess, and agreed to give up the survey project by getting a copy of the map from the Bakufu.
- 3代将軍足利義満の時代には幕府組織の再編が進み一時御前沙汰は行われなくなるが、出家していた元管領細川頼之を幕府に呼び戻す際に、幕府役職になかった頼之を幕府の政策決定に関与させるために正式な評定ではなく、出席者の人選に決まりが無く主宰者である将軍の意向が反映しやすい非公式な評定である御前沙汰の形式で評定を行って幕府の政策に関する重要決定を行った。
- In the tenure of the third shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the bakufu was substantially reorganized and gozen-sata ceased once, but the shogun began holding consultations in the informal style of gozen-sata for making bakufu's important policy decisions for the purpose of having the former shogunal deputy Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, who had entered the priesthood and had been out of bakufu office, participate in the bakufu's policy-making when the shogun sought to bring him back to bakufu -- because gozen-sata was not a formal consultation, the members of which were selected mostly at the discretion of shogun, the head of the consultation.
- もっとも、当時の天文道・暦道は日食の発生の予知の正確さについてはかなり高かったものの、その他の分野に関しては毎日戌の刻と寅の刻に行われる定時観測を維持するだけの人員と設備しかなかったと考えられており、天文博士らが確実に異常な天文現象を観測できる保証が無かったために、実際には異常な天文現象が発生しても、天文密奏が行われなかった例も相当数あったと考えられている。
- It was considered that tenmondo and rekido in those days provided relatively highly accurate prediction of solar eclipse, but that since their personnel and equipment were only enough for keeping their standard time observation from eight to ten p.m. and from four to six a.m. and not enough for observing other phenomena, tenmon hakase and others were not guaranteed to observe unusual astronomical phenomenon without fail -- therefore, great many of unusual astronomical phenomena might have been left out of the tenmon misso.
- 本作以前にこの赤穂事件を扱った歌舞伎や人形浄瑠璃の演目としては、事件後間もない元禄十四〜五年(1702–03年)の『東山榮華舞台』(江戸山村座)、『曙曽我夜討』(江戸中村座)や、宝永六年(1710年)の、『太平記さざれ石』、『鬼鹿毛無佐志鐙』、そして近松門左衛門作の『碁盤太平記』などがあり、その世界も「小栗判官物」、「曽我物語」、「太平記物」などさまざまだった。
- Other kabuki or ningyo joruri plays based on the Ako Incident that existed before this program include 'Higashiyama eiga no butai' (Edo Yamamura-za theater) and 'Akemono Soga yauchi' (Edo Nakamura-za theater) performed from 1902 and 1703, shortly after the incident, 'Taiheiki Sazareishi' and 'Onikage Musashiabumi' performed in 1710, and 'Goban Taiheiki' written by Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU; their stories vary from 'Oguri Hoganmono' (Oguri Hogan-style), 'Soga monogatari' (the tale of Soga) to 'Taiheikimono' (Taiheiki-style).
- 一方、本能寺から200mの近辺に教会のあったルイス・フロイスの『日本史』(Historia de Iapan)では、「(午前3時頃と言われる)明智の(少数の)兵たちは怪しまれること無く難なく寺に侵入して(6月2日に御所前で馬揃えをする予定であったのを織田の門番たちは知っていたので油断したと思われる)、信長が便所から出て手と顔を清めていたところを背後から弓矢を放って背中に命中させた。
- According to 'Historia de Iapan' by Luis Frois whose church was only 200 meter away from the Honno-ji Temple, '(Around three o'clock in the morning), (a small number of) warriors of the Akechi clan invaded the temple without being suspected (It seems that Oda's gatekeepers lost their sharpness because they knew that umazoroe (a troop review) in front of the Imperial Palace was planned for the next day.), and shot Nobunaga, who came out from the toilet and was washing his hands and face, in the back using bows and arrows.
- 一説に、こうした鈴鹿王の立身の背景には、無念の思いを抱いて死んだ長屋王の霊を鎮めたいという朝廷の意図が込められていたといわれているが、その一方で天平9年の疫病によって議政官級の皇族・貴族のほとんどが死去してしまい、大臣に就任できる要件を満たした人材がいなくなってしまったために、大臣と同格で皇族であることが唯一の条件であった知太政官事を急遽立てなければならないという切迫した事情も介在していた。
- While there is a theory that such speedy promotion of Suzuka no Okimi was the results of the Imperial Court's influence, who intended to appease the spirit of Nagayao, who died feeling mortified, another theory says that as a plague in 737 killed most members of the Imperial Family and nobles working in the Giseikan (Legislature), leaving very few princes and nobles meeting the requirements to fill ministerial positions, there was a desperate need to quickly fill in the position of Chidaijoikanji whose only requirement was being a member of the Imperial Family and in a position equivalent to the ministers.
- これは、文化財保護法が制定された1950年(昭和25年)当時の日本国の財政状況や政治情勢では指定文化財のすべてについて必要十分な保護措置がとれないために、そのとき新設された「無形文化財」は別としても、戦前の国宝保存法と史蹟名勝天然紀念物保存法による指定物件を多く引き継いだ「有形文化財」および「記念物」の2種については、指定物件のなかから特に重点的に保護する対象を厳選する必要にせまられたためであった。
- Since not all designated cultural properties could be protected by necessary and sufficient measures under the Japan's financial and political situations at the time when the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties was enacted in 1950, the government was forced to stringently select cultural properties to be protected among the two categories of 'Tangible Properties' and 'Monuments' to which categories many items designated in the prewar period under the Preservation of National Treasures or the Historical Spot, Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument Preservation Law had been carried over, aside from the then-established category of 'Intangible Cultural Properties.'
- 吸血鬼やゾンビや狼男なども、本来は人であった若しくは遺骸であったものが、様々な宗教的な観念においての邪道な儀式や行いにより、人や遺骸でなくなってしまったものであり、バイオハザードといわれるテレビゲームの中のゾンビの「生物化学兵器として開発された薬としてのウィルスにより、無理やり生き返らされたおぞましい姿の死者」という設定は、ジキルとハイドと、ゾンビといわれる宗教的な観念の存在を、合わせたものとも解釈できる。
- Vampires, zombies, werewolves, etc are creatures which were once human, but not any more due to a perverted ceremony or act with various religious connotations; zombies in a video game called Biohazard are portrayed as 'terrifying-looking dead people who were brought alive with viruses from medicines developed as biochemical weapons' are thought to be a combination of the setting of Jekyll and Hyde with a religious concept called zombi.
- その後、幸仁親王の子・有栖川宮正仁親王が嗣子無く没したため、霊元天皇の皇子・有栖川宮職仁親王が入って第5代を継承し、以後、6代・有栖川宮織仁親王、7代・有栖川宮韶仁親王、8代・有栖川宮幟仁親王、9代・有栖川宮熾仁親王、10代・有栖川宮威仁親王と、いずれも直系を以って伝えたが、1913年(大正2年)1月5日、威仁親王の薨去によって実質的に断絶が確定し、1923年(大正12年)6月29日、威仁親王妃慰子の薨去によって正式に絶家となった。
- Subsequently, Prince Yoshihito's child, Prince Arisugawa no miya Tadahito, died without having any children, Emperor Reigen's Prince Arisugawa no miya Yorihito succeeded as the fifth court noble, followed by the sixth prince, Arisugawa no miya Orihito; the seventh prince, Arisugawa no miya Tsunahito; the eighth prince, Arisugawa no miya Takahito; the ninth prince, Arisugawa no miya Taruhito; and the tenth prince, Arisugawa no miya Takehito, it was passed down through the lineage; however, on January 5, 1913, after the death of Prince Takehito, it was definite that there was no successor to take over the family, so on June 29, 1923, the family name officially died after Princess Yasuko (Prince Takehito's wife) passed away.
- だが、実際に『延喜儀式』が朝廷の儀礼など用いられた事が確認できる記録が無く、逸文の初出も延喜年間より100年以上も経た『北山抄』であり、その後は院政期の書物に限られる事から、延喜年間に編纂されたものの『貞観儀式』(『儀式』)の部分的手直しに過ぎないとする説や、完成したが施行されなかったとする説、未完成に終わったとする説、更には延喜期の編纂ではなく11世紀までに成立した延喜期の儀礼に関する記録が儀式と看做された説などが諸説に分かれている。
- Yet, from the fact that there were no records to prove that 'Engi Gishiki' was practically used in formalities at the imperial court, that its surviving fragment first appeared in 'Hokuzansho' which was written more than one hundred years after the Engi era, and that it only appeared in documents during the period under the rule of Cloistered Emperors, some said that Engi Gishiki was compiled in the Engi era, but just as a partial improvement of 'Jogan Gishiki' ('Gishiki'), some said that it was completed, but did not come into use, some said that it was not completed, and some said that it was not compiled during the Engi era, but records on the formalities in the Engi era established until the eleventh century were considered to be Gishiki.