滅: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 滅多的
- Metta mato (metta target)
- 滅亡への道
- The way to the fall
- 消滅寸前。
- This school is disappearing.
- 天誅組壊滅
- Destruction of Tenchu-gumi
- 官田の消滅
- Disappearance of kanden
- 記録の消滅
- Records that were erased
- 上洛と滅亡
- Going to the Capital Kyoto and his Downfall
- 武衛家の滅亡
- The fall of the Buei family
- 高一族の滅亡
- The decline of the KO clan.
- 消滅の危機。
- They are in danger of closing down.
- 消滅とその後
- Disappearance and After
- 鎌倉幕府の滅亡
- The downfall of the Kamakura bakufu
- 絶滅種と復刻種
- Extinct varieties and revived varieties
- 家の設立・消滅
- The foundation and abolition of a Ie
- 丁稚制度の消滅
- Disappearance of decchi system
- 同日愛宕郡消滅。
- Otagi District was abolished on the same day.
- 同日葛野郡消滅。
- Kadono District was abolished on the same day.
- 同日紀伊郡消滅。
- Kii County disappeared at the same time.
- 仏滅(ぶつめつ)
- Butsumetsu (lit. Buddha's death; the unluckiest day in the six-day cycle)
- 平成8年、消滅。
- This school disappeared in 1996.
- 壇ノ浦で平家滅亡。
- The Heike family fell in Dannoura.
- 願名…必至滅度の願
- Title: Hisshimetsudo no gan
- 平成17年、消滅。
- This school disappeared in 2005.
- 消滅の危機にある。
- They are in danger of closing down.
- 天誅組は壊滅した。
- Tenchu-gumi was destroyed.
- 年紀法の定着と消滅
- Settlement and disappearance of the Nenkiho
- 1901年に消滅。
- It disappeared in 1901.
- 長島・越前一揆殲滅
- Extermination of Nagashima and Echizen
- 2012年人類滅亡説
- 2012 human extinction beliefs
- 2012 doomsday theory
- 源氏の反攻と平氏滅亡
- The Counterattack of the Minamoto clan and the Downfall of the Taira clan
- 筒井氏の滅亡とその後
- Destruction of the Tsutsui Clan and the Aftermath
- 小弓公方の全盛期と滅亡
- The rise and fall of Oyumi-kubo
- 宗家滅亡と一族のその後
- Perishing of the head family, and the subsequent history of the family members
- 能員暗殺と比企氏の滅亡
- Assassination of Yoshikazu and Fall of the Hiki Clan
- 前九年の役と安倍氏の滅亡
- Zen Kunen no Eki and the Fall the Abe Clan
- 浅井長政 攻められ滅亡。
- Nagamasa ASAI was attacked and killed by Nobunaga.
- 朝倉義景 攻められ滅亡。
- Yoshikage ASAKURA was attacked and killed by Nobunaga.
- 三好義継 攻められ滅亡。
- Yoshitsugu MIYOSHI was attacked and killed by Nobunaga.
- 事実上室町幕府を滅ぼした。
- He actually exterminated the Muromachi bakufu.
- 結果、鎌倉幕府は滅亡する。
- Eventually, the Kamakura bakufu was overthrown.
- 最後は慧能の入滅で終わる。
- This book concludes with the death of Eno.
- 悉くよく八種の病を除滅す。
- Buddha's teachings will thus cure eight various diseases.
- 雑賀衆は歴史から消滅した。
- In this way Saikashu disappeared from history.
- 自立のための戦いから、滅亡へ
- From the battles for the independence to the family destruction
- 1573年 室町幕府が滅亡。
- 1573: The Muromachi bakufu fell.
- 消滅時点で以下の町を含んだ。
- Naka-gun included the following towns when it was dissolved:
- これにより江戸氏は滅亡した。
- This meant the downfall of the Edo clan.
- 消滅の危機と郷土料理の見直し
- Crisis and reinvention of local dishes
- 蘇我本宗家の滅亡と大化の改新
- Fall of the head family of the Soga clan and the Taika Reforms
- 「扶清滅洋」と清朝の宣戦布告
- Support Qing, destroy the Foreigners' and the proclamation of war of Qing dynasty
- 及び絶滅した野菜の品目を含む。
- And includes crops of vegetables that are extinct.
- 酵母自身のアルコールによる死滅
- Death by alcohol contained in yeast itself
- 人数も少なくなり、消滅の危機。
- The number of toji in this school has been decreasing and they are now in danger of closing down.
- 618年(推古26年)隋滅ぶ。
- 618: the Sui Dynasty fell.
- ここに源姓土佐吉良氏は滅亡する。
- This led to the fall of the Tosa-Kira clan of the Minamoto family.
- 1680年(延宝8)5月、入滅。
- He passed away in May 1680.
- 常楽はすなはちこれ畢竟寂滅なり。
- Eternal bliss is the ultimate tranquility.
- 寂滅はすなはちこれ無上涅槃なり。
- Tranquility is supreme nirvana.
- 昼三(文政年間末に自然消滅する)
- Chusan (prostitute who died a natural death at the end of Bunsei era (1818-1829.)
- 三好三人衆 攻められ壊滅状態に。
- Miyoshi Sanninshu (Miyoshi Triumvirate) was attacked and almost every one of their clan was killed.
- 平氏軍は敗北し、一門は滅亡に至る。
- The Taira clan lost the battle, which resulted in the clan's destruction.
- 室町幕府滅亡(元亀4年・1573)
- The Fall of Muromachi Bakufu (1573)
- 後、唐末の動乱によって、消滅した。
- Later, rien disappeared during the turmoil occurring at the end of the Tang Dynasty.
- また数多くの流派が戦後に消滅した。
- On the other hand, a lot of schools disappeared after the war.
- こうして大内氏は実質的に滅亡した。
- This is how the Ouchi clan virtually ruined.
- このため、事態は遂に破滅を迎えた。
- Thus, the situation was finally ruined.
- これにより小弓公方は事実上滅亡した。
- This practically put an end to Oyumi-kubo.
- これによって斯波氏は事実上滅亡した。
- That was in effect the fall the Shiba clan.
- そして、京都の六波羅探題を滅ぼした。
- They destroyed Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto).
- - 百済が唐と新羅に攻められて滅亡。
- - Attached by Silla and Tang, Baekje went to ruin.
- 壬生 1880年(明治13年)、消滅
- Mibui: dissolved in 1880.
- 三本木 1876年(明治9年)、消滅
- Sanbongi: dissolved in 1876.
- 定誉滅後に小野流の成尊より受伝した。
- After Joyo's death, Meizan studied under Seison from the Ono School.
- 別所長治 攻められ滅亡(三木合戦)。
- Nagaharu BESSHO was attacked and killed (the Battle of Miki).
- そして、院は、平氏の滅亡を予言する。
- And In makes a prediction for the fall of the Taira clan.
- 巻第三 天竺(釈迦の衆生教化と入滅)
- Volume 3 Tenjiku (Shakyamuni's enlightening of the people and his entry into Nirvana)
- 平氏軍は壊滅状態になり、勝敗は決した。
- This spelled catastrophe for the Taira army, and their defeat was assured.
- 墨染 1911年(明治44年?)、消滅
- Sumizomei: dissolved in c. 1911.
- 白梅図子 1874年(明治7年)、消滅
- Shiraume-zushi: dissolved in 1874.
- 辰巳新地 1873年(明治6年)、消滅
- Tatsumi-shinchii: dissolved in 1873.
- 清水新地 1873年(明治6年)、消滅
- Kiyomizu-shinchi: dissolved in 1873.
- 後に織田信長から大虐殺を受け壊滅した。
- Later, Nobunaga slaughtered the inhabitants and destroyed the temple.
- 滅後 利休自刃後に南坊が記録した回想録
- 'Metsugo' is reminiscences written by NANBO after Rikyu fell on his own sword.
- 雑賀衆は抵抗したがかなわずに壊滅した。
- Although Saikashu resisted, they were destroyed.
- 武田勝頼 攻められ天目山の戦いで滅亡。
- Katsuyori TAKEDA was attacked and killed at the Battle of Tenmokuzan.
- 間違った教えを信じていると人や国が滅びる
- Believing wrong teachings makes people and their country perish.
- 1392年(明徳3年)に日什は入滅する。
- In 1392, he entered nirvana.
- 松永久秀 攻められ信貴山城の戦いで滅亡。
- Hisahide MATSUNAGA was attacked and killed at the Battle of Shigisan Castle.
- 一遍亡き後、彼が率いた時衆は自然消滅した。
- After the death of Ippen, Jishu (時衆) which he had led naturally disappeared.
- 平安時代中期は釈迦入滅の二千年後にあたる。
- The middle of the Heian period saw the two thousandth anniversary of the Buddha's death.
- かならず滅度に至るはすなはちこれ常楽なり。
- To attain nirvana is to achieve eternal bliss.
- 同年12月15日、恵果和尚が60歳で入滅。
- On January 12, 806, priest Keika died at the age of 60.
- しかし放置しておくと消滅等の可能性が高い。
- However, they may disappear if left alone.
- 戦争によって醸造業も壊滅的な打撃を受けた。
- The sake brewing industry was seriously damaged by the war.
- 主家滅亡後は京極高次に仕え、1606年死亡。
- After the fall of the family of his lord (Azai clan), he served Takatsugu KYOGOKU, and died in 1606.
- 親鸞の入滅によりますますその動きが加速した。
- Shinran's death accelerated that tendency.
- その後、古代マケドニアがペルシアを滅ぼした。
- Later again, ancient Makedonia destroyed Persia.
- このとき何をかもとむべき 寂滅現前するゆえに
- What on earth you seek at this moment? Your mind become peaceful and gain ultimate comfort now.
- 正定聚に住するがゆゑに、かならず滅度に至る。
- Because they live among the truly settled, they attain nirvana.
- 著作権消滅は2027年12月31日の予定)。
- Expiration of the copyright is scheduled on December 31, 2027).
- なお納豆を乾燥させても、納豆菌は死滅しない。
- Even if natto is dried, the bacillus subtilis natto will not die out.
- しかし、現在は制度として事実上消滅している。
- However, it is virtually lost as a system now.
- だが、義豊は里見義堯に討たれて滅亡してしまう。
- However, Yoshitoyo was killed by Yoshitaka SATOMI.
- 近江国で戦いに敗れて滅びた(藤原仲麻呂の乱)。
- Nakamaro lost the battle and perished in Omi Province (the Rebellion of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro).
- 1944年 第16師団、レイテ島の戦いで全滅。
- 1944: The sixteenth army division fell in the battle of Leyte.
- 1890年(明治23年)に長松清風は入滅する。
- 1890: Seifu NAGAMATSU passed away.
- また、西に向かって端座したまま入滅したという。
- Allegedly she died sitting upright and facing to the west.
- - 日本では筑後川のみに生息する魚、絶滅危惧種
- A fish that lives only in the Chikugo-gawa River in Japan; endangered species
- 巻第四 天竺付仏後(釈迦入滅後の仏弟子の活動)
- Volume 4 Tenjiku, after the Buddha (activities of the Buddha's disciples after his entry into Nirvana)
- 2月25日、将門討滅の報告が京にもたらされる。
- On February 25, news was brought to Kyoto that Masakado had been killed in battle.
- この代に、百済より仏教が公伝し、任那が滅亡した。
- Mimana collapsed and Buddhism was introduced to Japan from Kudara (Paekche) during the reign of Emperor Kinmei.
- 武蔵国でも比企氏、畠山氏 (平姓)が滅ぼされた。
- The Hiki and Hatakeyama clans (of Taira family) were defeated in Musashi Province.
- 一時は絶滅の危機すらも叫ばれていたこともあった。
- At one stage they were even in danger of becoming extinct.
- これらのことから、上方落語の寄席文化は壊滅した。
- Consequently, the yose culture in Kamigata rakugo (rakugo in Osaka) was extinct.
- その長押は、今日の日本家屋からは消滅しつつある。
- Such nageshi are rarely seen in modern Japanese homes.
- また、乱で敗北した事により犬懸上杉氏は滅亡した。
- Their defeat in the battle led the Inukake Uesugi clan to die out.
- (一般に部隊の半数が負傷でも壊滅的打撃である)。
- (Typically, a squad is devastated if its half is injured).
- しかし、この技法は縄文時代中期末にほぼ消滅する。
- However, this method almost disappeared in the end of the middle Jomon period.
- 617年に李淵が隋を滅ぼし、翌年に唐を建国した。
- In 617, En RI overthrew the Sui Dynasty and established the Tang Dynasty.
- 主家滅亡の際信長に降伏したが許されず、殺害された。
- At the fall of his lord's family, he appealed his submission to Nobunaga, but his surrender was not accepted and he was killed.
- しかし、北条早雲に滅ぼされて2代で絶えてしまった。
- However, this branch of the family died off after two generations following its defeat by Soun HOJO.
- 長宗我部氏支族としての土佐吉良氏も二代で滅亡した。
- Thus, the Tosa-Kira clan, as a branch family of the Chosokabe clan, survived for only two generations, and then fell.
- 天橋立は、近年、侵食により縮小・消滅の危機にある。
- Amanohashidate has shrunk in recent years due to erosion, and is in danger of disappearing.
- 寛仁元年(1017年)6月10日、76歳にて入滅。
- On July 12, 1017, he entered nirvana at the age of seventy-six.
- すなはちこれ必至滅度の願(第十一願)より出でたり。
- It blooms from the Vow of the achievement required of nirvana (the 11th Vow).
- 時政は先手を打って比企一族を滅ぼすことを決意する。
- Tokimasa decided to make the first move and to destroy the Hiki family.
- 明治21年に諸官庁においては便宜に任され、滅んだ。
- In various ministries, this system was left to people's convenience and collapsed in 1888.
- 戦国時代初期に細川尚春が三好之長に滅ぼされ断絶した。
- The family was ended in the beginning of the Sengoku Period, as Hisaharu HOSOKAWA was eliminated by Yukinaga MIYOSHI.
- さらに、氏清と満幸を挑発して挙兵に追い込み滅ぼした。
- What's more, he then provoked Ujikiyo and Mitsuyuki into raising an army and then destroyed them in turn.
- 徳治2年(1307年)、覚惠、三条朱雀にて入滅する。
- In 1307, Kakue died at Sanjo Suzaku.
- 「阿弥陀如来章」…「法蔵菩薩因位時~必至滅度願成就」
- Amida Nyorai Sho' - 'Hozobosatsuiniji - Hisshimetsudoganjoju'
- 幕末から明治にかけて、明楽は絶滅寸前の状態であった。
- In the era from the late Edo period to the Meiji period, Mingaku was on the verge of extinction.
- しかし、江戸時代にこの四季醸造の技術は消滅していく。
- However, the practice of fermentation of sake in each of the four seasons died out in the Edo period.
- 文安1年(1444年) 武力衝突により麹屋業の滅亡。
- It happened in 1444 and the malted rice malt industry was eliminated by an armed conflict.
- 唐後期になると、律令制と呼びうるものはほぼ消滅した。
- During the latter half of the Tang Dynasty, almost anything that related to the Ritsuryo system disappeared.
- こうして長年にわたり強盛を誇った蘇我本宗家は滅びた。
- This was how the tyranny exercised by the head family of the Soga clan over the years was ended.
- 3. 聶士成の武衛前軍等の北洋軍壊滅による袁世凱台頭
- 3. The frontal army of Chinese imperial guard division of Nie Shicheng and the appearance of Yuan Shikai with the abolishment of Beiyang army.
- のちに淫祠邪教扱いされ江戸時代には絶滅したといわれる。
- It is said to have been treated as Inshi jakyo (evil heresies) later and become extinct in the Edo period.
- その後、明治の廃藩置県などがあり、琉球王国は消滅した。
- Afterwards, with the abolishment of domains and creation of prefectures in the Meiji era, the Ryukyu kingdom came to an end.
- しかし、弁当一番は新住居表示制度により、消滅している。
- However, Bentoichiban is no longer available because of changes in the addressing system.
- 西暦562年、任那任那日本府が新羅によって滅ばされた。
- The Japanese Mimana Government was taken over by Silla in 562.
- 豊臣家の滅亡後、徳川幕府に独立した大名として認められた。
- He was approved as an independent daimyo by the Tokugawa bakufu after the fall of the Toyotomi clan.
- 太皇太后の地位は多子の死後、女院制の盛行もあり消滅する。
- After the death of Masaruko, the position of Grand Empress Dowager disappeared as the female cloistered system flourished.
- 在位5年(660年)に百済が唐と新羅によって滅ぼされた。
- In her fifth year of reign (660) Baekje was defeated by Tang and Silla.
- 1927年3月、北丹後地震に襲われ壊滅的な被害を出した。
- In March 1927, the earthquake at the northern Tango Province occurred, causing catastrophic damage.
- 新政府の東海道軍はわずか一日の戦いで彰義隊を壊滅させた。
- The Tosando-gun army of the new government's forces crushed the Shogitai in a matter of just one day.
- 松くい虫のため、一時松が立ち枯れし、全滅の危機に瀕した。
- At one time the trees were blighted by pine weevils, and were in danger of being wiped out.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇により建武の新政が開始される。
- After the fall of the Kamakura shogunate, Emperor Godaigo instigated the Kenmu Restoration.
- 織田信長の武田征伐により武田氏が滅亡して領内が混乱した。
- Nobunaga ODA conquered and killed the Takeda clan, making Takeda's domain chaotic.
- 原文…設我得佛 國中人天 不住定聚 必至滅度者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the humans and devas of my land do not all firmly abide in a concentrated state of meditation and equanimity (Samadhi) until they have reached nirvana, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 宋の滅亡後、元が興ったが、禅僧の往来は益々頻繁であった。
- Although Song was replaced by Yuan, increasingly more Zen priests in both nations traveled between Japan and China.
- 仲麻呂の一族は滅び、淳仁天皇は廃位され淡路国に流された。
- Nakamaro's family was extinguished, and Emperor Junnin was stripped of position and sent to Awaji Province.
- 延暦寺 比叡山焼き討ち (1571年)にあい壊滅状態に。
- Enryaku-ji Temple was destructed almost completely by Nobunaga's fire attack (in 1571).
- 2005年(平成17年)4月1日 奈良市へ編入され、消滅。
- On April 1, it was placed to Nara City, and disappeared.
- 国府は室町時代に完全に消滅し、ほとんどが所在不明となった。
- Kokufu was entirely extinct in the Muromachi period, whose location became uncertain.
- しかし明治政府によって神仏分離され、八幡大菩薩は消滅した。
- Because of the separation of Buddhism and Shintoism by the Meiji Government, Hachiman Daibosatsu disappeared.
- 特に、渇水になると深いヒビが入り水田は壊滅的打撃を受ける。
- Particularly in a shortage of water, the rice field cracked and suffered from a devastating damage.
- これを好機と見た武士らは元軍に襲いかかり、これを殲滅した。
- The samurai took this opportunity to attack the Yuan army and destroyed it.
- 一方で、南宋が滅んだ後の弘安の役については様々な説がある。
- On the other hand, there are various theories about Koan no Eki, which occurred after the fall of the Southern Sung Dynasty.
- 以後、急速に衰退して天正10年(1582年)の滅亡へ至る。
- Rapidly declining thereafter, it was brought to an end in 1582.
- 翌年の宝治合戦で三浦氏を滅ぼし、時頼の専制体制は完成する。
- Tokiyori's autocracy was completed by destroying the Miura clan in the Battle of Hoji in the following year.
- 阮朝の時代には自称国号も「大南」となり「越」字が消滅する。
- During the Nguyễn Dynasty, the country was renamed 'Đại Nam (大南)' and the letter of etsu (越) was deleted from its official name.
- (上総の土岐氏も秀吉の小田原の陣に際し領地を失い滅亡した)。
- (The Toki clan in Kazusa Province also lost its territories at Odawara no Jin, the Siege of Odawara, by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and was ruined).
- 唐の開元元年に雍州は京兆府と改められ、州名としては消滅した。
- In 713 of Tang dynasty, Yong Zhou was renamed as Jingzhaofu and the province name Yong Zhou disappeared accordingly.
- この間、1585年に秀吉は紀伊征伐を行って雑賀衆を滅ぼした。
- During this period, Hideyoshi carried out the conquest of Kii Province and defeated Saigashu in 1585.
- これによって戦国大名三好氏は滅亡したといっても過言ではない。
- It is not an exaggeration to say that Miyoshi clan as a Sengoku daimyo died out by this incident.
- しかし太平洋戦争勃発により会合は中止、高遊会は自然消滅した。
- However, meetings were discontinued due to the outbreak of the Pacific war, and Koyukai died a natural death.
- 8歳のとき山名家は豊臣秀吉に攻められて滅亡し、父は浪人した。
- When he was eight years old, the Yamana family was ruined by the invasion of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and his father became a ronin (masterless samurai).
- 戸隠の紅葉の岩屋に鬼のアジトがあり、維茂によって殲滅される。
- In these legends the oni have a hiding place in a cavern within the autumn leaves in Togakushi, and are annihilated by Koreshige.
- 太夫 (遊郭)(最上位の女郎、宝暦年間の頃には自然消滅する)
- Tayu (yukaku) (The highest ranking prostitute died a natural death during the Horeki era (1753-1764).)
- 「子孫が絶え、家門必ず滅びることを、などと泣きながら誓った。」
- Our descendants and family clans will be sure to die out and thus they vowed with tears in their eyes.'
- 第二次世界大戦後の下水道の整備などにより、水流はほぼ消滅した。
- The water flow has almost completely stopped corresponding to the improvement of the sewage system after WW II.
- 豊臣家を滅ぼそうとする徳川家康は、方広寺の鐘銘に難癖を付けた。
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who wanted to ruin the Toyotomi family carped at the name given to a temple bell of Hoko-ji Temple.
- 里見家もやがて道を失って戦乱に明け暮れ、十代で滅ぶことになる。
- Before long the Satomi family left the path of righteousness, became preoccupied with war, and as a result met its doom at the time of the 10th family head.
- 滅多矢鱈(めったやたら)との繋がりがある的の名称となっている。
- The name of a target related to the word 'metta-yatara.'
- しかし、戦中戦後、事実上上方落語が滅亡していた時期に消滅した。
- However, during and after the war, it disappeared while the Kamigata rakugo was practically downfallen.
- これも弓兵集団と騎士団の戦闘で騎士団が全滅した戦いの例である。
- As an example this shows that the entire groups of cavalry were devastated in the battle between spearman groups and cavalry.
- これにより、200年以上の歴史を持っていた丁稚制度は消滅した。
- The decchi system with more than 200 years of history disappeared due to the change.
- 中心概念の道(タオ)とは宇宙と人生の根源的な不滅の真理をさす。
- Do (Tao), its central concept, indicates the fundamental and immortal truth of the universe and life.
- 『愚管抄』では頼家殺害と景時滅亡の因果関係を強く指摘している。
- 'Gukansho' (Jottings of a Fool) clearly pointed out the causal relationship between the killing of Yoriie and the downfall of Kagetoki.
- それは清朝滅亡のカウントダウンが開始されたことと同義であった。
- This meant that the countdown to the fall of the Qing dynasty had begun.
- 館林徳川家(御両典)(当主徳川綱吉が五代将軍を継いだため消滅。)
- Tatebayashi Tokugawa family (referred as 'Goryoden') (lapsed when 5th generation clan chief Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA inherited the role of 5th generation Shogun.
- これに敗れた持氏は自害を余儀なくされ、鎌倉公方家は一時滅亡した。
- Mochiuji was defeated in the war and forced to commit suicide, which temporarily overthrew the Kamakura-kubo family.
- 戦国大名としての大内氏はこの時点で滅亡してしまった(防長経略)。
- Ouchi clan as a daimyo in the Sengoku period had fallen at this time (a conquest of Bocho).
- 戦国大名としての今川氏は桶狭間の戦いから、わずか8年で滅亡した。
- The Imagawa clan as daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) fell mere eight years after the Battle of Okehazama.
- 壇ノ浦の戦いで平家は滅亡し、母の二位尼(時子)や安徳天皇は入水。
- The Taira family went to ruin after the Battle of Dannoura, her mother Niino Ama (Tokiko/Tokushi/Noriko) and Emperor Antoku drowned themselves.
- 同年7月、馬子は諸皇子、諸氏族の大軍を派遣して、守屋を滅ぼした。
- In August 587, Umako sent large forces composed of Princes and clans and killed Moriya.
- 尼子氏滅亡に際しては山中幸盛の首級が鞆に届けられ実検が行われた。
- At the downfall of the Amago clan, the decapitated head of Yukimori YAMANAKA was delivered to Tomo for inspection.
- 2年後には「滅後」を著しているから恐るべき老僧ということになる。
- He wrote 'Metsugo' two years later; it comes down to his being a formidably old priest.
- 絶滅・減少の要因としては、池沼の開発や水質の悪化等があげられる。
- The main reasons for extinction and decrease include development of ponds and declining quality of water.
- 平氏政権が滅亡した後の鎌倉時代には日中間の正式な国交はなかった。
- There was no official diplomacy between Japan and China in the Kamakura period after the fall of the Heike government.
- また飛鳥時代には百済の滅亡により亡命貴族が日本を頼って渡来した。
- Exiling nobles came over to Japan because of the fall of Baekje during the Asuka period.
- 1633年には奉書の携帯が完全義務化され、朱印船制度は消滅する。
- In 1633, carrying a hosho was made completely obligatory, leading to the extinction of a shuin-sen system.
- 幕府滅亡後の1335年に北条時行らが起した中先代の乱にも参加する。
- In 1335, after the fall of bakufu, the clan participated in the Nakasendai War launched by Tokiyuki HOJO.
- この結果、北条一族のほとんどが討死または自害し、北条氏は滅亡する。
- Almost the entire Hojo clan died in the battle or killed themselves, resulting in the collapse of the clan.
- 頼綱は北条貞時を擁して専制を行うが、平禅門の乱で貞時に滅ぼされる。
- Yoritsuna ruled as a despot under the command of Sadatoki HOJO, but Yoritsuna was overthrown by Sadatoki during the Heizenmon War.
- なお、これによって実質的に大内家は滅亡したとする見解も有力である。
- Meanwhile, there is a popular view that the Ouchi clan would have substantially fallen by this revolt.
- 2005年4月1日、町全域が京都市右京区に編入したことで消滅した。
- On April 1, 2005, since the whole area of the town was absorbed into Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City, Keihoku Town disappeared.
- 建保元年(1213年)北条時政の子・義時が侍所別当和田氏を滅ぼす。
- In 1213 Tokimasa HOJO's son, Yoshitoki, defeated the Wada clan, Samurai-dokoro betto (the superior of the Board of Retainers).
- 周辺の国々では上総氏や三浦氏(和田氏)など有力在庁官人が滅亡した。
- Powerful local officials, including the Kazusa and Miura clans (Wada clan), were defeated in the neighboring provinces.
- 奥村三郎定道の代、姉川の戦いの後、主家浅井氏が滅亡して浪人となる。
- After the Battle of Anegawa, Saburo Sadamichi OKUMURA's master, the Asai family, collapsed, and he became a ronin (masterless samurai).
- 日興の滅後、日目の天奏に付き従い、日目の遺志を継いで天奏を行った。
- After the passing of Nikko, after accompanying Nichimoku for Tenso (to preach the Buddhism to the Emperor), Nichizon subsequently performed Tenso by the wishes of Nichimoku.
- 芝六は、入鹿を滅ぼすには爪黒の鹿の血と嫉妬深い女の血が必要と知る。
- Shibaroku learns that the blood of a black-hoofed deer and that of a jealous woman are necessary to destroy Iruka.
- 揚げても納豆菌が死滅しないように、特別な製造技術が用いられている。
- Special manufacturing technique is used so that bacillus subtilis natto doesn't die out even when deep fried.
- 廃藩置県以降、武家社会の崩壊とともに消滅した流儀も多いといわれる。
- Many schools are said to have disappeared along with the collapse of the samurai society following Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures).
- 一方、杉豊後入道は将軍は当家を滅ぼそうとしていると抗戦を主張した。
- Bungo Nyudo SUGI, on the other hand, argued that the Shogun was already trying to destroy the Ouchi family, and thus advocated armed resistance.
- 多くの論者が、律令制は遅くとも10世紀末までに死滅したとしている。
- Most people accept that the Ritsuryo system became extinct no later than the end of the 10th century.
- パークスは西郷の説明に満足し、ここに「パークスの圧力」は消滅した。
- Parkes was satisfied with Saigo's explanation, so 'The pressure from Parkes' ceased at this time.
- これによって、朝廷内の親鎌倉幕府派は一時的に壊滅的な打撃を蒙った。
- Consequently, the Kamakura bakufu faction in the Imperial court was temporarily fatally damaged.
- 娼妓が大多数を占め、芸妓が少数いたが昭和初期には既に消滅している。
- The largest number of women working in Shichijo-shinchi were prostitutes and a small number of geisha girls were there, but in the early Showa period, there were no geisha girls.
- 甲府徳川家(御両典)(二代当主徳川家宣が六代将軍を継いだため消滅。)
- Kofu Tokugawa family (referred as 'Goryoden') (lapsed when 2nd generation clan chief Ienobu TOKUGAWA inherited the role of 6th generation Shogun.)
- 幕府内部では高一族の滅亡後も直義派と反直義派との対立構造は存在した。
- Even after the decline of the Ko clan, there was conflict between the Tadayoshi group and the anti-Tadayoshi group within the bakufu.
- 1590年(天正18年)、豊臣秀吉による小田原の役で後北条氏が滅亡。
- In 1590, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI defeated the Go-Hojo clan in the Odawara no Eki (the Siege of Odawara).
- 大坂の役では豊臣方につき本家は滅亡したが、庶流が後に大庄屋と成った。
- Although the head family of the Kojima clan took sides with Toyotomi and perished in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka), later its branch family became the head of a large village.
- 後にてバビロニアの地にカルデアが勃興して、再びアッシリアを滅ぼした。
- Later, Chaldea was built on the site of Babylonia and destroyed Assyria again.
- 他宗を非難し題目を唱えなければ国が滅ぶと言い、幕府に強く弾圧された。
- Since it criticized other sects and insisted that the nation would be ruined without reciting the Nichiren chant, it was strongly suppressed by the shogunate.
- 絶滅品種-郡大根(ダイコン)・東寺蕪(カブ)・聖護院胡瓜(キュウリ)
- Extinct varieties: kori-daikon (daikon), toji-kabu (turnip), shogoin-kyuri (cucumber)
- 北枕に関しては、釈尊が入滅された時の「頭面北西」に倣っての事である。
- Kitamakura (lay a coffin with the head of deceased toward the north) derives from 'Zumen Hokusei' (the head faced to the northwest) when Shakyamuni died.
- 日蓮は湯治のため身延を出発し、途中、池上に寄って、その地で入滅した。
- Nichiren departed from Minobu for a hot spring cure, and on his way, he stopped at Ikegami, and died at there.
- 一方、海軍は最終的には日本海海戦でロシアのバルチック艦隊を撃滅した。
- In the meantime, the Japanese Navy ultimately destroyed the Russian Baltic Fleet in the Battle of Tsushima.
- お菊は船瀬三平なる忠臣の妻で、お菊の呪いが鉄山を滅ぼしたというもの。
- Okiku was a wife of a loyal subject, Sanpei FUNASE and Okiku's curses ruined Tetsuzan.
- 高信が寺に入ると門を閉ざし、これを討ったため、因幡の武田氏は滅亡した。
- When Takanobu entered the temple, the Yamana clan closed the gate and killed him, and the Takeda clan in Inaba was extinguished.
- 源氏将軍が三代 源実朝の代で滅ぶと源氏の嫡流として武家の尊敬を集めた。
- After the Shogun of the Minamoto clan was overthrown during the reign of the third Shogun, MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, the family became respected samurai families as the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan.
- その後、西園寺公宗のときに鎌倉幕府が滅亡して関東申次の役を解任される。
- Thereafter, at the generation of Kinmune SAIONJI, the Saionji Family was dismissed from the post of Kanto Moshitsugi after the fall of the Kamakura shogunate.
- その後、蘇我馬子は、物部守屋を滅ぼし、これ以降物部氏は没落してしまう。
- Later, SOGA no Umako killed MONONOBE no Moriya, which eventually ruined the Mononobe clan.
- 2005年4月1日に添上郡月ヶ瀬村とともに奈良市へ編入され、消滅した。
- On April 1, 2005, it was placed to Nara City along with Tsukigase-mura, Soekami district.
- ※平成の大合併で消滅した自治体に関しては旧自治体名もあわせて表記する。
- *With respect to the local governments that became defunct as a result of the great Heisei merger, the names of former local governments are also listed.
- 明朝滅亡と異民族の清朝の成立は、当時の儒学者たちに大きな衝撃を与えた。
- The fall of the Ming Dynasty and the establishment of the Qing Dynasty by a different ethnic group strongly shocked the Confucian scholars of the time.
- 義理人情に翻弄された揚句に自滅するか改心して縛につくというものである。
- Having been the sport of love (ninjo) and duty (giri), they either ruin themselves or reform and surrender themselves to justice.
- その直後に東国で挙兵した新田義貞は鎌倉を陥落させて北条氏を滅亡させる。
- Soon after that, Yoshisada NITTA, who raised an army in eastern Japan, defeated the Kamakura Shogunate and ruined the HOJO Family.
- 柔術が対決で負けて消滅したというより、柔術が柔道化していったのである。
- It would be appropriate to say jujutsu evolved into judo rather than to say jujutsu disappeared after being defeated by judo.
- 江戸幕府の崩壊の後、1871年(明治4年)、当道座は解体され消滅した。
- After the collapse of the Edo period, todoza was dismantled and disappeared in 1871.
- そのため、この敗戦が徳川幕府滅亡をほぼ決定付けたとする資料も見られる。
- Some materials argue that the defeat in this war was the final blow that led to the fall of the Tokugawa Shogunate.
- 地主を納税義務者とすることで、従来の村請負制度が消滅することとなった。
- By making landlords to be tax debtors, traditional village contract system disappeared.
- 頼家の外戚として権勢を誇った比企一族は、たった一日で滅亡してしまった。
- The Hiki family who exerted power as Yoriie's maternal relative was destroyed only in one day.
- その後生き残った約300人は川中島に移され、霧社タイヤル族は消滅した。
- About 300 survivors were forced to relocate to Chingliu (Kawanakajima) Village, which event marked the end of the Wushe Atayal.
- 呼出し(宝暦以降では最上位の女郎であったが、文政年間末に自然消滅する)
- Yobidashi (during the Horeki era, they were the highest ranking prostitute, but died a natural death at the end of Bunsei era (1818-1829).)
- 中大兄皇子は「入鹿は皇族を滅ぼして、皇位を奪おうとしました」と答えた。
- Prince Naka no Oe answered by saying 'Iruka tried to usurp the Imperial Throne by killing members of the Imperial Family.'
- 波多野秀治 近畿攻略軍の明智光秀に屈し降伏、処刑され、一族は滅亡する。
- Hideharu HATANO surrendered to Mitsuhide AKECHI, the leader of the Kinki district attacking force and was executed; the HATANO clan were all killed.
- 第九十二国立銀行(第九十二銀行)→東京に移転後京和貯蓄銀行に改称後消滅
- The 92nd National Bank (Daikyujuni Bank) -> renamed the Kyowa Savings Bank after relocation to Tokyo and then ceased.
- しかし、父の命令に逆らえず、武蔵二俣川にて畠山重忠一族を討ち滅ぼした。
- However, he could not act counter to his father's order, and destroyed the family of Shigetada HATAKEYAMA in Futamatagawa, Musashi Province.
- 完全に孤軍となった浅井氏の父子は自害して果て、浅井氏は滅亡したのである。
- Completely left unsupported, the father and son of the Azai clan killed themselves, and the Azai clan died out.
- 小弓公方の滅亡により、北条氏の南関東における覇権確立の基礎が固められた。
- The end of Oyumi-kubo enabled the Hojo clan to strengthen its base and establish its supremacy in southern Kanto region.
- 滋子の死は一つの時代の終わりであると同時に、平氏滅亡への序曲ともなった。
- Shigeko's death was an overture to the end of the Taira clan, and it was the end of an era.
- 後に、長時の三男の貞慶が徳川家康に仕えて武田氏の滅亡後に旧領に復帰する。
- Later, Sadayoshi, the third son of Nagatoki, served Ieyasu Tokugawa and regained the former territory after the fall of the Takada clan.
- 戦国時代には土豪宇津氏が当地に割拠したが、明智光秀の攻撃を受けて滅んだ。
- During the age of Sengoku period the local Uzu clan made its own territory in this area but perished in an attack by Mitsuhide AKECHI.
- 北条氏滅亡後、松田氏は交渉をしていた前田氏に4,000石で召抱えられた。
- After the fall of the Hojo clan, the Matsuda clan was employed for 4,000 koku (crop yield) by the Maeda clan that they were negotiating with.
- 江戸時代の本末制度に始まる寺格は昭和16年の本末解体で消滅し実態はない。
- Jikaku (status of a Buddhist temple), which was originated from Honmatsu-seido (the government-enforced main-branch temple system) in the Edo period, was dissolved in 1941 and does not exist now.
- 江戸初期には既存の流派(大蔵流など)に吸収されて消滅したと言われている。
- It is believed that the school disappeared after being merged with other existing schools (such as the Okura school) in the early Edo period.
- それをきっかけに頼政は反平家のために挙兵してその身を滅ぼすことになった。
- For this reason, Yorimasa took up arms against the Taira clan, ruining himself.
- その後お菊の最後の姿に似た虫が大量に現れ、玄蕃の家を呪い滅ぼしたという。
- After that, a large number of insects that looked like Okiku at the end of her life appeared and cursed Genban's house to ruin.
- 事実上消滅したともいえるが、現在は高知全域の酒蔵の杜氏たちが支えている。
- It can be said that this school already disappeared in fact, but toji at breweries throughout Kochi Prefecture currently support the culture of this school.
- 660年、伝統的な友好国だった百済が唐・新羅の連合軍に攻められて滅びた。
- In 660, Baekje, the traditionally friendly country, was attacked by allied forces of Tang and Silla and was destroyed.
- さらに運動の中心人物であった田中正造が1913年に没するとほぼ消滅した。
- And after the central figure of the movement, Shozo TANAKA died in 1913, the movement also almost died.
- 大政奉還により幕府が消滅した後も所属部隊の多くが戊辰戦争で戦闘を続けた。
- Many troops of bakufu rikugun continued battles in Boshin War even after the bakufu was overthrown in Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor).
- 工事は鎌倉幕府滅亡の前年にあたる元弘2年(1332年)まで行われている。
- The construction continued until 1332, one year before the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 行宗の子伊達宗遠は出羽国置賜郡を攻め、領主である長井氏を滅ぼして領有した。
- Muneto DATE, a son of Yukimune, invaded Okitama District of Dewa Province and succeeded in possessing the land by beating the feudal lord of the District, the Nagai clan.
- しかし、佐々木道誉の讒言により失脚し(康安の政変)、南朝方に属して滅んだ。
- However he was overthrown by a slander of Doyo SASAKI (the Koan Coup), and was eliminated after sided with the Southern Court.
- 仏滅紀元(タイ王国。東南アジア諸国で昔からあったもので今でも使われている)
- Era starting from the death of Buddha (Kingdom of Thailand. This has been present in Southeast Asia for a long time and is still in use).
- 開設してすぐ、関東大震災で壊滅した蒲田から一時現代劇の撮影が移転してきた。
- As soon as its opening, contemporary dramas were temporarily filmed here since Kamata Studio was badly damaged by The Great Kanto Earthquake.
- 建仁3年(1203年)2代将軍源頼家の外戚(妻の実家)比企氏が滅ぼされる。
- In 1203 the Hiki clan, the maternal relative of the second shogun MINAMOTO no Yoriie (his wife's family) was overthrown.
- 現在一般人が裃を着用することは祭りやコスプレでもない限り滅多になくなった。
- Nowadays, seldom do people in general wear a kamishimo except for festivals or costume plays.
- 正安2年(1300年)1月4日 (旧暦)、常陸国上金沢の草庵にて入滅する。
- On February 2, 1300, Nyoshin entered nirvana in a thatched hut in Kamikanesawa, Hitachi province.
- またいくら紙よりは保存性がよいといっても、石や木は永遠不滅のものではない。
- Stone and wood have greater durability than paper, but they do not last forever.
- その他にも無名の群小諸派が存在したようで、流派としては既に滅んでしまった。
- In addition, there were apparently various unknown small schools that had already disappeared.
- - 膾は細かに切り刻むことから、転じて大勢で人を滅多打ちにすることを指す。
- As namasu is shredded, this figuratively means that a man is beaten violently by many people.
- 当初萩原兼従は豊国神社 (京都市)の社務職となるが、豊臣家の滅亡により失職。
- At the beginning, Kaneyori HAGIWARA became a clerical worker of Toyokuni-jinja Shrine (Kyoto City), but he lost his job because of demise of the Toyotomi family.
- 2005年4月1日、山辺郡都祁村とともに奈良市へ編入されたことから消滅した。
- On April 1, 2005, Tsukigase Village was incorporated by Nara City, together with Tsuge Village, Yamabe County.
- しかしそれと同時に、従来から営業していた小規模な商店は壊滅的な状態に陥った。
- However, at the same time, small-scale conventional stores collapsed.
- この両者はともに定心(じようしん)を妨げるが、禅定の深まりによって消滅する。
- Both of them hinder concentration but disappear as Dhyana Meditation deepens.
- なおも新政府軍や水戸藩軍と戦い続けたが下総八日市場の戦いで壊滅(松山戦争)。
- They kept fighting against the new government army and the army of the Mito Domain, but lost in the battle in Yokaichiba, Shimousa Province (the battle of Matsuyama).
- 江南軍が遅れて出発したが、そのために台風時期と重なり、合流前にほぼ壊滅状態。
- The later departure of the Southern Yangtze Army coincided with the period of typhoon attacks, and the army was almost destroyed before it joined the other.
- 埴輪は、3世紀後半から6世紀後半にかけて造られ、前方後円墳とともに消滅した。
- Haniwa were made between the late third to the late sixth century, and they disappeared along with the large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds.
- 近江朝廷が滅び、再び都は飛鳥(奈良県高市郡明日香村)に移されることになった。
- The Omi Court perished and the imperial court was moved to Asuka (Asuka-mura, Takaichi County, Nara Prefecture) again.
- 三好三人衆は信長に抵抗したが、これも天正元年(1573年)までに滅ぼされた。
- The Miyoshi Sanninshu resisted against Nobunaga but were defeated by 1573.
- 韓国併合によって大韓帝国は消滅し、日本はその領土であった朝鮮半島を領有した。
- With this annexation of Korea, the Korean Empire ceased to exist, and the Korean Peninsula that was its territory was occupied by Japan.
- その上、堺に鎮座していた足利義維の四国追放も重なって堺公方も消滅させている。
- Besides, Yoshitsuna ASHIKAGA, who had dwelled in Sakai City, was banished to Shikoku, and consequently Sakaikubo (the municipal government based in Sakai City) perished.
- しかし、京都の幕府の介入で禅秀は滅亡し、信満は鎌倉府から討伐を受け、自害する。
- However, Zenshu was defeated because of the intervention by bakufu of Kyoto, and Nobumitsu was subjugated by Kamakurafu and committed suicide.
- 鎌倉幕府の滅亡時は、六角時信は六波羅探題に最後まで味方したが敗れ降伏している。
- At the downfall of the Kamakura shogunate, Tokinobu ROKKAKU took the side of Rokuhara Tandai, a local commissioner, intending it to be to the end, but was defeated and forced to surrender.
- しかしながら、1992年4月1日、新島村(にいじまむら)に改称され、消滅した。
- The name was replaced by '新島村' (Niijima-mura) on April 1, 1992.
- 益田池(ますだいけ)とは、奈良県橿原市に存在したため池で、現在は消滅している。
- Masuda-ike Pond is a reservoir which once existed in Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture but does not now exist.
- これにより石橋塩松氏は滅亡し、以降塩松氏というと大内氏のことをさすことになる。
- By this, the Ishibashi-Shionomatsu clan ended and the Shionomatsu clan after that meant the Ouchi clan.
- さらに廃仏毀釈で、金城湯池であった島津藩領や佐渡の時宗寺院が壊滅状態となった。
- In addition, Haibutsu-kishaku resulted in the destruction of the Ji sect's temples in Shimazu domain and Sado which had been the impregnable strongholds.
- 日本のコウノトリは野生での絶滅状態を受け、人工飼育によって繁殖が行われている。
- The stork in Japan is bred through artificial rearing because it has become extinct in the wild.
- 臨終にあたって阿弥陀如来像の手に結びつけた糸を手にして、合掌しながら入滅した。
- When he was dying, he had a thread tied to the hand of the statue of Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata), putting the palms together.
- 滅びの文学である『平家物語』らしく運命に翻弄される俊寛の弱さが強調されている。
- This comes from the nature of 'Heike Monogatari' (The tale of the Heike) which is referred to as the literature of transience, and the weakness of Shunkan who was tossed about by the fate was emphasized.
- 戦後、家制度の解体や核家族化の進行とともに家風の変質・消滅が急速に進んでいる。
- After the World War II, with the collapse of the family system and the trend toward the nuclear family being in progress, the idea of kafu has been changing and disappearing rapidly.
- しかし和田義盛はこの御教書を北条方へ送って頼家を裏切り、仁田忠常は滅ぼされた。
- However, Yoshimori WADA betrayed Yoriie by sending this migyosho to the Hojo and Tadatsune NITA was killed.
- 室町時代に荘園公領制が消滅すると城下町としての性格を強め三田藩が成立していく。
- After shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates) disappeared in the Muromachi period, Sanda Domain was formed as a castle town.
- 662年、百済復興の遠征軍は白村江の戦いで唐・新羅の連合軍に大敗して壊滅した。
- In 662, the expeditionary force for revival of Baekje was severely defeated and wiped out by the allied forces of Tang and Silla in Battle of Hakusukinoe.
- 西晋が滅亡した後も南北朝時代 (中国)の諸王朝によって律令が制定・公布された。
- After the downfall of the Western Jin Dynasty, each dynasty in China during the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties proclaimed and enacted Luli of its own.
- 唐・新羅連合軍は、水陸併進して、倭国・百済連合軍を一挙に撃滅することに決めた。
- The Silla-Tang allied forces decided to wipe out the allied forces of Wakoku and Kudara in one blow by simultaneously advancing via land and sea.
- モンゴルのクビライがジパングを征服するため軍を送ったが、暴風で船団が壊滅した。
- Kublai of Mongolia sent a military expedition to Japan to conquer it, but that expedition failed after a huge storm scattered the Mongol fleet completely.
- しかし、天正10年(1582年)に長治の弟の十河存保に攻められて自刃し滅亡した。
- However, he was attacked by Masayasu SOGO, the younger brother of Nagaharu, and died by jijin (commit suicide with one's sword) in 1582.
- 前九年の役で一旦滅亡したが、その子孫を称する人々が現れ繁栄して現在に至っている。
- The Abe clan fell at one time due to Zen Kunen no Eki, but those who claimed themselves as the descendants of the Abe clan have appeared, prospered, and lived to this day.
- 贄柵(秋田県鹿角)において家臣の造反により藤原泰衡は殺され、奥州藤原氏は滅んだ。
- At Nienosaku (Kazuno, Akita Prefecture), FUJIWARA no Yasuhira was rebelled and killed by his vassals; thus, the Oshu Fujiwara clan ended.
- すると、念々に80億劫の生死の罪業を滅除し、金の蓮華を見て往生することができる。
- Soon after, they can be granted a pardon for their 800 million atrocious crimes and go to the Pure land seeing golden lotus flowers.
- 太平洋戦争後には、越前鳥の子や輪転機による多色刷りのふすま紙に押されて衰滅した。
- After the Pacific War, it declined because of the rise of Echizen torinoko and multicolored fusuma paper made by rotary presses.
- なお、釈迦の入滅の年代は諸説あるため、末法の年代設定にも諸説あり定まっていない。
- As there are various views on the date of Shaka's death, the period of Mappo is not defined clearly.
- 若しは仏の在世、若しは滅度の後に、其れ斯(かく)の如き経典を誹謗すること有らん。
- There is a person who libels a sutra during Buddha's life or after its nirvana.
- この弟子はかつての罪障を滅し、その慈悲に報いるには布施波羅蜜しかないと立願した。
- This disciple thought that what he could do to repay the mercy was to clean the sins he had committed and do fuseharamitsu (perfection of generosity) and desired to do so.
- ただし、これは実現しなかったらしく、綜芸種智院は空海入滅後10年ほどで廃絶した。
- However, it is likely that his desire was not achieved, and Shugeishuchiin became extinct about ten years after Kukai died.
- この蘇我氏本宗家滅亡事件をこの年の干支にちなんで乙巳の変(いっしのへん)という。
- This incident (the fall of the head family of the Soga clan) is referred to as Isshi-no-hen after the Oriental Zodiac, because this is the year that it happened.
- 西南戦争は日本最後の内戦となり、士族という軍事専門職の存在を消滅させて終焉した。
- The Seinan War, which is the last civil war in Japan, put an end to the military professional jobs of the warrior class at the conclusion.
- 倭国は、百済滅亡で多くの百済難民を受け入れるとともに、唐・新羅との対立を深めた。
- Wakoku took in numerous Kudara refugees after its fall, but at the same time hostility between Wakoku and Tang-Silla escalated.
- 「磐井の乱」について百済では日本の天皇である磐井一族が滅ぼされたと認識していた。
- In Kudara (Baekje, Paekche), it was recognized that the Iwai family, the family of the emperor of Japan, was destroyed in the `Iwai Rebellion.'
- 天保の改革が失敗に終わったことにより、幕府は財政・体制ともに壊滅的危機を迎える。
- Failure of Tenpo Reforms drove the Edo bakufu on the verge of collapse in both finance and regime itself.
- ちなみに且元は戦後、4万石に加増されたが、豊臣氏滅亡から20日後に死去している。
- Katsumoto received additional crop yield that made his territory 40,000 koku in total after the war, but died 20 days after the downfall of the Toyotomi.
- そのため、義明らの軍勢はやがて北条軍の反撃を受けて壊滅し、義明自身も討ち死にした。
- Before long, Yoshiaki's forces were completely destroyed by the counterattack from the Hojo clan's forces, and Yoshiaki himself was killed in the battle.
- さらに平氏討伐の命令を出し、文治元年(1185年)、壇ノ浦の戦いで平氏は滅亡した。
- Furthermore, he ordered them to hunt down and kill the Taira clan, the clan died out in the Battle of Dannoura in 1185.
- このとき、久秀の嫡男・松永久通も自害して、戦国大名としての松永氏は完全に滅亡した。
- At that time, Hisahide's heir, Hisamichi MATSUNAGA also killed himself, which resulted in the complete downfall of the Matsunaga clan.
- が、この氏朝の代に豊臣秀吉の小田原攻めによる後北条氏の滅亡に遭い、庇護者を失った。
- However, the Gohojo clan fell at the invasion of Odawara by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI during the Ujitomo's period, and Ujitomo lost his patron.
- その挙句、天正3年(1575年)に小早川隆景が率いる毛利軍によって攻め滅ぼされた。
- In the end, Takatoku was defeated by the Mori force led by Takakage KOBAYAKAWA in 1575.
- 池上相承は、この入滅に際して池上(池上本門寺)で書かれたため、池上相承と呼ばれる。
- Ikegami Sojo is called that since it was written at the time of his death at Ikegami (Ikegami Honmon-ji Temple).
- 岡本一平作詞(作詞著作権消滅)、飯田信夫作曲で、徳山璉が歌った歌謡曲の名前である。
- It is a name of a pop song with lyrics written by Ippei OKAMOTO (out of copyright for the lyrics) and music by Nobuo IIDA, and sung by Tamaki TOKUYAMA.
- しかしながらこの政変はあくまでも蝦夷を嫡流とする蘇我氏宗本家の滅亡だけを意味する。
- The political turmoil merely signified the decimation of the main branch of the Soga clan whose members were direct descendents of Emishi.
- なお、近江朝廷が滅亡した672年(壬申の乱)に近江令が廃止されたとする意見がある。
- There is an opinion that Omi-Ryo was abolished when Omi Court was destroyed in 672 (in the Jinshin War).
- 天正10年6月、本能寺の変が起こり、信長が横死することで、同盟関係は自然消滅した。
- When Honnoji Incident occurred and Nobunaga died a violent death in June, 1582, the alliance naturally ended.
- 発行数量が多すぎたため、一部ではインフレーションで実質的価値が消滅したのもあった。
- Since there was too much military currency issued, some of them became worthless due to inflation.
- 1590年に関東平定中の豊臣軍によって居城を囲まれると自害して果て、同氏は滅亡した。
- In 1590 when his castle was besieged by the army of Toyotomi, which was then in the course of the suppression of Kanto, he committed suicide and the clan extinguished.
- しかし、勝頼期には領国の動揺を招いて宗家は滅亡し、江戸時代にはわずかに庶家が残った。
- In the era of Katsuyori, however, the head family was extinguished due to the disturbance inside the territory, and only the illegitimate branch families were in existence during the Edo period.
- 1557年、陶晴賢の傀儡であった大内義長を攻め滅ぼし、大内氏の旧領をほぼ手中にする。
- In 1557, Motonari defeated Yoshinaga OUCHI, who was the puppet of Harukata SUE, and obtained the most of the former territories of the Ouchi clan.
- だが、天皇側の勢力もまだ強く、鎌倉幕府が滅亡すると後醍醐天皇が天皇親政を復活させた。
- However, the power of the Emperor side had not weakened yet; when the Kamakura Bakufu fell, Emperor Godaigo restored the direct rule.
- 「角川」によれば、当町は昭和40年代まで存続したが、消滅時期及び編入先は未詳である。
- According to 'Kadokawa,' the town existed until around 1974 although it is unknown when it was abolished and where it was incorporated.
- 北条氏は比企氏、三浦氏、和田氏など、ライバルとなるおそれのある一族を次々と滅ぼした。
- The Hojo clan defeated its potential rivals one after another-the Hiki clan, Miura clan, and Wada clan.
- 市制により、中郡、竹野郡、熊野郡は消滅したが、旧町名は大字として住所表記に残された。
- Although Naka County, Takeno County, and Kumano County disappeared according to the municipal organization, the old town names have remained as 'Oaza' in addresses.
- ここに江戸幕府は事実上「滅亡」し、家康以来続いた260余年の支配に終止符が打たれた。
- This virtually marked the end of the Edo Shogunate which lasted for over 260 years.
- 島津氏関与説 - 信長が毛利氏を滅ぼした後、九州征伐を開始するのは時間の問題である。
- View that the Shimazu clan was involved - It was a matter of time when Nobunaga commence conquering Kyushu after he overthrew the Mori clan.
- 1573年、信長の家臣・佐久間信盛率いる織田軍に攻められた義継は自殺して宗家が滅ぶ。
- In 1573, when he was attacked by Nobumori SAKUMA, one of the Nobunaga's vassals, Yoshitsugu killed himself and the head family of Miyoshi clan died out.
- 天正15年(1587年)に公広が戸田勝隆に殺害されるに及んで伊予西園寺氏は滅亡した。
- In 1587, Kinhiro was killed by Katsutaka TODA and the Iyo-Saionji clan was perished.
- そののち罪障消滅のため、大般若一部六十巻を自ら書いて納経しました。」とのことである。
- To erase her sins, she wrote part of the 60-volume Daihannya (Great Perfection of Wisdom Sutra) by herself and gave them to the temple.'
- 逃げ出そうとしたところを滅多打ちにして殺し、患者は元気を取り戻したということである。
- When the worm came out and tried to run away, it was beaten up to be killed, and the patient recovered thereafter.
- その起源は16世紀頃まで遡るが、琉球王国の滅亡とともに伝承が絶え、幻の音楽となった。
- The origins go back to around the 16th century, though it became a lost art when handing down of the form died out with the demise of the Ryukyu kingdom.
- 牛鬼が滅んだ後、体の部分がバラバラになって黒島、中ノ小島、端ノ小島に変化したという。
- After the Ushioni was killed, its body was broken into pieces, and they transformed into Kuro-shima Island, Nakanokojima Island, and Hatanokojima Island.
- 鴻池流は醸造法としては消滅してしまったものなので、その意味で本書の記述は貴重である。
- The brewing method of Konoike school has been lost already, therefore the descriptions in the book are valuable.
- 8世紀に蘇我氏を滅亡に追いやり天下を取った人々が王家の歴史を書き換えた可能性が高い。
- It is highly possible that the people who destroyed the Soga clan and took over the realm during the eighth century rewrote the history of the royal family.
- しかし稲穂が高く倒れやすく、栽培に手数が掛かるため、戦後は栽培されなくなり絶滅した。
- However, because it's weak against lodging due to the high position of its ear, and because considerable labor is required in growing it, cultivation was discontinued after the war and it became extinct.
- 豊臣氏滅亡後、狩野派のほとんどが江戸に下ったことに対して、京都に留まったものがいた。
- While most of the painters belonging to the Kano School left Kyoto for Edo (old Tokyo) after the fall of the TOYOTOMI family, some painters stayed in Kyoto.
- 永享11年(1439年)の永享の乱では、長年対立していた関東公方足利持氏を滅ぼした。
- In the Eikyo War in 1439, he destroyed Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, Kanto-kubo, against whom he had conflicts for a long time.
- 山背大兄王は斑鳩寺に戻り、王子とともに自殺して聖徳太子の血をひく上宮王家は滅亡した。
- After returning to Ikaruga-dera Temple, Prince Yamashiro no Oe committed suicide with his children which led to the fall of Jogu Oke by leaving no descendants of Prince Shotoku.
- 入鹿が山背大兄王一族を滅ぼした暴挙を聞いた蝦夷は「自分の身を危うくするぞ」と嘆いた。
- When Emishi heard about Iruka's outrage against Prince Yamashiro no Oe and his family, he responded by saying 'you put yourself in danger.'
- 雑賀衆 信長に攻められ滅亡寸前に追い込まれるが、本能寺の変によって九死に一生を得た。
- Saiga shu was attacked and almost killed completely by Nobunaga but barely escaped due to the Honnoji Incident.
- しかし、光秀に勝利した羽柴秀吉・丹羽長秀によって自害を命じられ、若狭武田氏は滅亡した。
- However, he was ordered to kill himself by Hideyoshi HASHIBA and Nagahide NIWA who defeated Mitsuhide, and the Wakasa-Takeda clan extinguished.
- 時宗の息子・9代執権北条貞時は平禅門の乱で内管領の平頼綱を滅ぼして得宗専制を確立する。
- The ninth regent Sadatoki HOJO, a son of Tokimune, killed TAIRA no Yoritsuna the Uchi-Kanrei in the Heizenmon War to secure a Tokuso autocracy.
- 入鹿の父・蘇我蝦夷も自邸を焼いて自殺して蘇我本家は滅び、古人大兄皇子は後ろ盾を失った。
- Since Iruka's father, SOGA no Emishi set fire to his own house and committed suicide, the soga clan ended and Furuhito no Oe no Miko lost his backer.
- 阿修羅は帝釈天に斃されて滅ぶが、何度でも蘇り永遠に帝釈天と戦い続ける、との記述がある。
- There is a description that Ashura came to life many times after being killed and destroyed by Taishakuten and then continued to fight with it.
- 採算面の問題で消滅したが公演自体は成功裏に終わり、関西歌舞伎の復興のきっかけとなった。
- It disappeared because of financial reasons, but the performances themselves were successful and served as a motive for rehabilitation of Kansai Kabuki.
- その時代には仏の法力が及ばず、世界が破滅すると考えられ、貴族も庶民もその到来に怯えた。
- During those days, the power of Buddha was not effective and the world was thought to end and both the aristocracy and ordinary people were worried about its coming.
- もしこの涅槃経が現れなかった時は、仏法は滅する」というのが、経文上の本来の意図である。
- If this Nehan-gyo does not emerge, the Buddhist law will disappear,' this is the original intention of the sutras.
- 建武2年(1335年)12月8日 (旧暦)、了源、伊賀の七里峠にて賊に襲撃され、入滅。
- On December 8, 1335 (old calendar), Ryogen was attacked and killed at Shichiri-toge Pass in Iga Province by villains.
- 物語の主役は王子や毛人の子供たちに移り、かつて上宮王家と謳われた厩戸一族の滅亡を描く。
- Main characters in the sequel changed to Prince Umayado's and Emishi's children, and it described the fall of the Umayado family once famed for Jogu Oke.
- 実は道玄が御茶ノ水の殺人のとき返り血のついた服を埋めて証拠隠滅を図っていたのであった。
- Dogen in fact, had buried the clothes stained with blood in the murder in Ochanomizu to destroy evidence.
- これにより正室の親元である北畑氏は愛洲氏と不仲となり、愛洲氏を滅ぼしてしまったという。
- After this, the Kitahata clan from which the lawful wife came became on bad terms with the Aisu clan, and destroyed them.
- 明治維新後、四民平等布告により、社会制度的な家制度が解体され、武士は事実上滅び去った。
- After the Meiji Restoration due to the proclamation of equality of all people, family system as a social system was dismantled and the age of samurai ended in effect.
- 数日後、皮肉にも頼家が病から回復、舅の比企一族の滅亡と一幡、若狭局の死を知り激怒した。
- Ironically Yoriie recovered from illness a few days later and became furious to know the fall of his father-in-law's clan as well as the death of Ichiman and Wakasa no Tsubone.
- 9月に入って周辺諸藩からの討伐を受け、多勢に無勢で各地で敗退し、9月27日に壊滅した。
- In September they were attacked by neighboring domain and, being greatly outnumbered, they were defeated at various places and were annihilated on September 27.
- 恐らくはこうした時代の流れとともに芸亭も荒廃・消滅の運命を辿ったものと考えられている。
- Untei is believed to have been abandoned and devastated likewise with these changes in history.
- 博多沖の東路軍も時間差で、同じ台風ないしは熱帯低気圧によって壊滅したと見なされている。
- The Eastern Route Army is also considered to have perished shortly after that, due to the same typhoon or tropical cyclone.
- また、下流地域での鉱毒被害が減っただけで、新たな鉱毒の流出が消滅したわけではなかった。
- Besides, it just decreased the mining pollution at the area along the lower river, and from the mines, the mineral poison kept pouring.
- 蝦夷は山背大兄王を推す叔父の境部摩理勢を滅ぼして、田村皇子を即位させることを強行する。
- Emishi enthroned Prince Tamura by murdering his uncle SAKAIBE no Marise who recommended Prince Yamashiro no Oe.
- 「脱亜論」の5ヶ月後に掲載された論説に、「朝鮮人民のためにその国の滅亡を賀す」がある。
- An editorial called 'Chosen Jinmin no Tameni Sono Kuni no Metsubo o Gasu' (Celebrate the destruction of the country for Korean people) published five months after the 'Datsu-A Ron.'
- また、対ソ戦を想定しルーブル表示の軍票も試作されたが、実際に使われること無く消滅した。
- Military currency based on ruble was made experimentally on the assumption that they would fought with the Soviet Union, but it disappeared without being used at all.
- そして義守の子・最上義光の代になると、庶族の天童氏、近隣の寒河江氏を滅ぼし村山郡を平定。
- Yoshiaki MOGAMI, a son of Yoshimori, exterminated the Tendo clan that was his branch line and the Sagae clan in the neighborhood and dominated the Murayama County.
- しかし慶長20年(1615年)の大坂夏の陣で豊臣宗家が滅亡して以降は用いられなくなった。
- However, it had not been used after the destruction of the head family of TOYOTOMI in Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka) in 1615.
- これに対して、鎌倉幕府滅亡後には歌人としての後鳥羽院を再評価しようとする動きも高まった。
- On the other hand, there was a movement to re-evaluate Go-Toba-in as a poet after the closure of the Kamakura government.
- しかし、645年(皇極天皇4年)に乙巳の変で蘇我蝦夷・蘇我入鹿親子の宗本家が滅ぼされる。
- In 645, however, the head family of the Soga clan of Soga no Emishi, the father and his son, SOGA no Iruka was destroyed in Isshi-no-hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi).
- 宣忠の時、本山氏、大平、山田などの諸族とともに長宗我部兼序を攻め滅ぼし、勢力を拡大する。
- In Nobutada's days, with the Motoyama clan and the Ohira clan, the Yamada clan so on, the Kira clan conquered Kanetsugu CHOSOKABE and expanded their power.
- 奥州藤原氏滅亡時、平泉には陸奥、出羽の省帳、田文などの行政文書の写しが多数あったという。
- It is said that there were many copies of administrative documents, such as shocho (account books or registers managed by central administrative offices) concerning Mutsu and Dewa Provinces and tabumi (registers of areas or ownerships of rice fields), left in Hiraizumi at the end of the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- 長享2年(1488年)に政親が一揆討伐軍を上げると逆にこれを攻め滅ぼした(長享の一揆)。
- In 1488, when Masachika raised an army for subjugation of the revolt, they destroyed the army instead (Revolt of the Chokyo era).
- やがて各流派はお互いに排他的姿勢を見せるようになり、流派間の交流や共演は消滅していった。
- However, before long, because each sect came to present its own exclusive posture, the exchange and co-starring between sects disappeared.
- 観応2年1月19日 (旧暦)(1351年2月23日)、82歳(数え年)にて覚如入滅する。
- On February 23, 1351, he died in his 82nd year.
- 日本では北海道~九州及び南西諸島(種子島・沖縄島に分布するが、すでに絶滅した地域もある。
- In Japan it is distributed from Hokkaido to Kyushu and Nansei Islands (Tanegashima Island and the islands of Okinawa), and in some areas it has gone extinct already.
- 同様の事例には埼玉県の旧大宮市が消滅して以降に市制を施行した茨城県の常陸大宮市がある)。
- In a similar example, there is Hitachi-Omiya City which became a city after old Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture ceased to exist.
- 天平宝字8年(764年)、仲麻呂は乱を起こして敗れ、その一族は滅んだ(藤原仲麻呂の乱)。
- In 764, Nakamaro lost a coup (the Rebellion of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro) that he started and his clan perished.
- 著しく戦力が低下したところを柵より打って出た織田・徳川連合軍によって殲滅されたとされる。
- Seeing the cavalry's forces considerably reduced, the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces leapt over the stockade and utterly destroyed the enemy.
- 当時支那は漢民族の明朝が滅んで、万里の長城の北の野蛮人の満州族が皇帝の清朝となっていた。
- In China at that time, the Ming Dynasty of the Han race was destroyed and the Manchurian who was a barbarian living in the north of the Great Wall of China became the emperor and established the Qing dynasty.
- 元久2年(1205年)、この重保と朝雅の対立を契機として、時政は畠山氏の討滅を計画する。
- In 1205, the confrontation between Shigeyasu and Tomomasa gave an opportunity for Tokimasa to plan the overthrow of the Hatakeyama clan.
- 武田氏は宗家が滅亡しているため家伝文書が散逸しており写本や影印本のみで知られるものも多い。
- As the head family of the Takeda clan was already extinguished, many of its ancestral documents were scattered and lost and only their manuscripts or eiinbon (a reproduction of a manuscript) are in existence.
- 御家人筆頭の足利尊氏がこれに呼応して京都の六波羅探題を滅ぼし、上野国の新田義貞も挙兵した。
- Takauji ASHIKAGA, the top gokenin, acted in concert with the Emperor and destroyed Rokuhara Tandai in Kyoto, and Yoshisada NITTA in the Kozuke Province also followed them in raising an army.
- 豊臣家の滅亡後、長益は隠居し、四男織田長政 (大名)と五男織田尚長に各1万石を分け与えた。
- After the fall of the Toyotomi clan, Nagamasu retired and gave 10,000 koku to Nagamasa ODA (daimyo), the fourth son, and Naonaga ODA, the fifth son.
- 議政官がほぼ全滅し、出仕出来る公卿は従三位左大弁諸兄と同大蔵卿鈴鹿王のみとなってしまった。
- After all, most of the Giseikan (Legislature) members died and there remained only two kugyo (the top court officials) to serve: Moroe at Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank), Sadaiben (Controller of the Left) and Suzuka no Okimi at Jusanmi Okura-kyo (Minister of the Treasury).
- しかし、義宗は越後国村松郷で関東管領の上杉憲顕の軍に敗れて戦死し、新田氏本宗家は滅亡した。
- However, Yoshimune was defeated at Muramatsu-go, Echigo Province by the army of the Kanto Kanrei (a shogunal deputy for the Kanto region), Noriaki UESUGI, and was killed in the battle, which resulted in the fall of the head family of the Nitta clan.
- 2004年(平成16年)4月1日、両町は市町村合併で京丹後市なったことで、中郡は消滅した。
- On April 1, 2004, as a result of municipal mergers, Omiya-cho and Mineyama-cho merged to become Kyotango City, and accordingly, Naka-gun was dissolved.
- 元賢の弟の松田元脩は備中に逃れ(一説には因幡の山名豊国に仕えたという)、松田氏は滅亡した。
- Motokata's brother Motonaga fled to Bicchu (one theory is that he served for Toyokuni YAMANA in Inaba), and the Matsuda clan was destroyed.
- 正法の千年・像法の千年の後、仏教が滅びる暗黒時代、すなわち末法の世が始まったと考えられた。
- It was thought that after one thousand years of 'Shobo' (True Dharma) and one thousand years of 'Zobo' (Imitation Dharma), the age of Mappo (Final Dharma), the dark age when Buddhism perished, would begin.
- 隠居が問題で、その家が滅んだ例もあるほどで、隠居は言わば慎重に考える必要があると思われる。
- Because there were cases where inkyo was problematic and the whole family ruined, inkyo has to be considered carefully.
- 日本全体としては普通種であるが、地域によっては絶滅のおそれが高く、既に絶滅した地域もある。
- Though it is common species in Japan as a whole, it has high risk of extinction in some areas and has already gone extinct in some other areas.
- 後に西南戦争等の影響により、警視庁に剣術、柔術等の武術が採用され、絶滅の危機は脱せられた。
- Later, under the influence from the Seinan War, etc., bujutsu such as kenjutsu and jujutsu were adopted by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police, and avoided an extinction crisis.
- 橘奈良麻呂が藤原仲麻呂を滅ぼして、天皇の廃立を企てたが、密告により露見して未遂に終わった。
- TACHIBANA no Naramaro planned to overpower FUJIWARA no Nakamaro and to enthrone and dethrone the emperor; however, the coup did not succeed due to its exposure by a force of betrayal.
- その結果、室町前期のうちに国衙機構は守護所に取り込まれ、ほとんどの国衙は実質的に消滅した。
- As a result, during the early Muromachi Period, the political structure of the Kokuga was absorbed by Shugosho and practically most of Kokuga disappered.
- このため、事件前に1400人だった霧社地区の人口は、事件後300人にまで減少し、消滅した。
- Due to this, the population in the Wushe region decreased from 1,400 before the incident to 300 after the incident and the tribe became extinct.
- しかし、2世紀後半から3世紀初頭には、弥生時代の集落を特徴付ける環濠が各地で消滅していく。
- Between the end of the second century and the beginning of the third century, however, this distinctive Yayoi period style of moat settlement started to disappear from many regions.
- 紀元前209年に秦が滅びた後も、前漢にその中央集権制は受け継がれ、官印が製造・支給された。
- After the Qin Dynasty was overthrown in 209 BC, the centralized authoritarian rule was carried over to the Former Han Dynasty and kanin were manufactured and provided.
- 竜巻は市街地を南南西に向かって走り抜け、現在の東本願寺の手前辺りで消滅したものと思われる。
- The tornado passed the capital toward the south-southwest, but it seemed to disappear before reaching what is now Higashi Hongan-ji Temple.
- 室町時代以後、朝廷の土地支配権が実質上消滅すると、幕府のみが没官権限を有するようになった。
- The right to control territories on the part of the Imperial Court was practically diminished to none after the Muromachi period, and only the bakufu had authority to confiscate.
- 天正10年(1582年)、信長・家康の同盟軍は武田領に侵攻し、武田勝頼を天目山に滅ぼした。
- In 1582, an allied force of Nobunaga and Ieyasu invaded and attacked the territory of Takeda and destroyed Katsuyori TAKEDA in Mt. Tenmoku.
- 日本史関係の書籍やテレビ番組などでは「大坂夏の陣で豊臣氏は滅亡した」と説明されることが多い。
- In books and TV programs related to Japanese history, it is often explained that 'the Toyotomi clan became downfallen in Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka no Eki).
- その退却中に織田軍の猛追を受けた上に、越前の本領まで攻め込まれて滅亡した(一乗谷城の戦い)。
- On the way of the withdrawal, the Asakura's auxiliary forces were heavily chased by the Oda's army, and the Oda army finally invaded into the Asakura's territory in Echizen Province, and destroyed the Asakura clan (the Battle of Ichijodani Castle).
- 1333年(元弘3年 / 正慶2年)に鎌倉幕府が滅亡し、父の後醍醐天皇が建武の新政を始めた。
- When Kamakura bakufu fell in 1333, his father Emperor Godaigo started the Kenmu Restoration.
- 百済の滅亡と遺民の抗戦を知ると、人質として日本に滞在していた百済王子扶余豊璋を百済に送った。
- Hearing of the fall of Baekje and the resistance of the people left (those keeping old traditions after the fall of their dynasty), she sent Buyeo Pung, the prince of Baekje who was staying in Japan as a hostage, back to Baekje.
- 平井備前入道も恭順して嘆願すべきであり、さもなくば朝敵となり御家滅亡になると義弘を説得した。
- Bizen Nyudo HIRAI also argued along the same lines, trying to persuade Yoshihiro that he should re-swear his allegiance and appeal to the Shogun's good graces, for if he did not he would be declared an enemy of the Imperial Court and his whole family would be destroyed.
- 1333年に鎌倉幕府が滅亡し、南北朝時代 (日本)から室町時代には政治的中心地は京都に移る。
- The Kamakura shogunate fell in 1333 and, from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts to the Muromachi period, the center of politics moved to Kyoto.
- 1970年代以降、生産・流通・販売におけるコスト要素から、大消費地向けにはほとんど消滅した。
- Because of costs associated with production, distribution and sales, they have been rarely cultivated for shipment to mass-consumption areas since the 1970s.
- 100°Cで沸騰している湯に数分浸すと大部分の雑菌が煮沸されて死滅し、納豆菌芽胞が生き残る。
- If it is dipped in boiling water of 100°C for a few minutes, most of the sundry germs will boil and die, but the spores of bacillus subtilis natto will survive.
- 孝謙天皇・道鏡と対立した太帥(太政大臣)・藤原仲麻呂(恵美押勝)が乱を起こして、滅ぼされた。
- Daijo-daijin (grand minister of state) FUJIWARA no Nakamaro (also called EMI no Oshikatsu) conflicted with Empress Koken and Dokyo, rebelled against them, but was eventually defeated.
- 1943年5月27日には(旧)舞鶴市(西舞鶴)と対等合併し、新たに舞鶴市が設置されて消滅した。
- On May 27, 1943, Higashi-Maizuru City was abolished and new Maizuru City was established by merging both Cities on an equal footing.
- 信孝捜索も上記の信忠戦で屋根に光秀軍を上らせ殲滅させたことを咎めたのではないかという説がある。
- With respect to search by Nobutaka, there is a view which considers that it was just to blame Sakihisa for having allowed Mitsuhide's army to climb on the roof to attack and kill Nobutada.
- 十三氏は、鎌倉時代も残り、十三秀直の代の(寛喜元年)1229年に安東氏に滅ぼされるまで続いた。
- The Tosa clan remained there during the Kamakura period until they were defeated by the Ando clan in 1229, at which point Hidenao TOSA was the head of the Tosa clan.
- 後に根来山は豊臣秀吉との確執の末に討伐を受け壊滅、生き延びた一部の僧たちは奈良や京都へ逃れた。
- Later, after feud against Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, the sect of Mt. Negoro was subjugated and wiped out, and some priests who survived retreated to Nara and Kyoto.
- 幕末動乱期の中、51歳で後継者を失い、明治維新によって大得意先の将軍家の消滅という悲劇に遭う。
- During the time of upheavals or the last days of the Tokugwa Shogunate, he lost his successor at the age of fifty-one and due to the Meiji Restoration he suffered greatly at the hands of the Shogun family's collapse, which was a valued patron.
- 上方落語や上方歌舞伎の衰退などが原因で、現在ではその殆ど(特に1. のやり方)が絶滅している。
- Most of the routines (especially those in the first group) are extinct due to the decline of Kamigata rakugo and kabuki.
- 一方で、宋銭の大量流入による物価高騰や、唐朝滅亡以来の異国に対する社会不安なども起こっている。
- On the other hand, such measures caused price increase by the huge influx of Sung currency and social anxiety against foreign countries since the fall of Tang Dynasty.
- 南宋との経済交流は蒙古襲来(元寇)へも影響し、南宋の滅亡後も延長として日元貿易が行われている。
- Japan's economic exchange with Southern Sung affected the Mongolian invasion attempts against Japan, and the trade between Japan and Yuan Dynasty was done even after the fall of Southern Dynasty as the extension of the trade.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後においても、江戸幕府が武家諸法度を制定するまで、武士の基本法として機能し続けた。
- After the fall of Kamakura bakufu, it continued to work as the fundamental law of samurai until Edo bakufu established Buke shohatto (Laws for the Military Houses).
- 天誅組は菊の御紋の入った旌一流、「七生賊滅天後照覧」と大書された幟一本をつくり、士気を高めた。
- Tenchu-gumi made a flag with the Imperial chrysanthemum emblem in it and with the words 'Shichisho Zoku Metten Goshoran' (Heaven will see us to be born seven times to destroy traitors) written clearly with big characters, raising the group's morale.
- 大同 (日本)3年(808年)に鍛冶司を併合し付属していた鍛冶戸を木工寮へ移管したが消滅した。
- Kajitsube (blacksmith's working place) that belonged to Kajishi (Office of Smithery) was transferred to Mokuryo as a result of merging Kajishi in 808, but it ceased to exist.
- 894年に遣唐使が廃止され907年に唐が完全に滅んだ後も民間レベルでの交易が続くようになった。
- After the envoy to Tang was abolished in 894 and Tang was ruined in 907, commerce with ordinary Chinese citizens continued.
- 任を受けた君臣は会津藩江戸藩邸にあって「これで会津藩は滅びる」と、肩を抱き合って慟哭したという。
- The lord and vassals, assigned to the duty of guarding the Shogun family all cried out in grief anticipating that 'the Aizu clan will soon collapse with this' with their arms around each other's shoulders in the residence maintained in Edo by the daimyo of the Aizu clan.
- その後、鎌倉幕府滅亡時に新田義貞が入手したが、新田義貞自害後に紆余曲折を経て最上氏へと伝わった。
- Later, with the downfall of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), the sword was obtained by Yoshisada NITTA and then, following his suicide, was passed down along a tortuous route to the Mogami clan.
- これらの複雑な制度は江戸幕府の崩壊により消滅し、その後華族となった大名家には引き継がれなかった。
- These complicated systems that disappeared after the collapse of the Edo bakufu and were never passed over to the former daimyo families who later became kazoku (the noble class).
- 大仏造営中の天平21年2月2日、喜光寺で81歳で入滅し、生駒市の竹林寺 (生駒市)に墓所がある。
- Gyoki entered Nirvana (passed away) at the age of 81at Kiko-ji Temple on February 2, 749, when the Great Buddha statue was being constructed; his tomb is in Chikurin-ji Temple (Ikoma City).
- 時くだれりとても疑(うたご)うべからず法滅以後の衆生、なおもて往生すべし況(いわん)や近来をや。
- Why should I not receive salvation by Amida Buddha after death just because I cannot see a saint?
- 始皇帝の文字統一によって絶滅した古い書体であることから、始皇帝以後の偽作であるとも考えられない。
- Because the font is an old font which was abolished due to the standardization of characters conducted by the Emperor Shi, it is not considered that sekkobun is a forgery made after the period of the Emperor Shi.
- 大内天変の場: 天神の神威により時平は破滅、菅秀才が菅原家を再興し、菅丞相には正一位が贈られる。
- The Ochi Tenpen (extraordinary natural phenomenon) Act: Shihei was defeated due to the power of Tenjin, and Kanshusai reestablished the Sugawara House, and Kanshojo received Shoichii (Senior First Rank).
- かつての雑賀衆は滅びた土豪勢力として帰農したり、各地に散らばって鉄砲の技術をもって大名に仕えた。
- Former members of Saikashu returned to farming or settled in other regions to serve daimyo (feudal lords) using their gun-handling ability.
- 660年、百済が滅びると倭国は復興を企図、唐・新羅と白村江の戦いを663年におこなうが、敗れた。
- After Kudara (Baekje, Paekche) was overthrown in 660, Wakoku fought the Battle of Hakusonko (Battle of Baekgang) against Tang and Shiragi (ancient Korean kingdom) in an attempt to resuscitate Kudara, but ended up in defeat.
- そして、弓矢と槍の中間的な機能を果たした投げ槍(槍先形尖頭器)は弓矢の普及によって消滅していく。
- With the widespread use of bow and arrow, javelins (lanceolate-shaped point), which functioned as a transit tool between the bow and arrows and the spear, ceased to exist.
- 梶原氏、比企氏と有力御家人を滅ぼした北条時政の次の標的は、武蔵国に大勢力を誇る畠山重忠であった。
- Tokimasa HOJO's next target after overthrowing senior vassals, the Kajiwara and Hiki clans was Shigetada HATAKEYAMA who had strong power in Musashi Province.
- 九州南部は縄文早期末に喜界カルデラの大噴火があった為、ほぼ全滅と考えられる壊滅的な被害を受けた。
- The Kikai caldera erupted violently in the southern Kyushu region at the end of the earlier Jomon period; the eruption caused the catastrophic damage to the area which was thought to be virtually annihilated.
- 幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇により開始された建武の新政で、護良は征夷大将軍、兵部省に任じられて上洛した。
- In the Kenmu Restoration started by Emperor Godaigo after the bakufu was overthrown, Morinaga was assigned to seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and Hyobusho (ministry of military) and went to Kyoto.
- なお、さらに広く現在の横浜市南西部や藤沢市の一部を含めた地域は鎌倉郡と呼ばれた(1948年消滅)。
- In addition, a larger area that includes the southwestern part of Yokohama City and a part of Fujisawa City was called Kamakura-gun County (abolished in 1948).
- ところが天文 (元号)5年3月、京都で天文法華の乱が起こり、京都法華宗二十一本山は壊滅してしまう。
- However, in April 1536, the Tenbun Hokke War broke out in Kyoto, and the 21 head temples of the Hokkeshu Sect in Kyoto were completely destroyed.
- 1954年には代替わりした梅若実も能楽協会の斡旋で観世流に復帰し、二十数年にして梅若流は消滅した。
- In 1954 the new generation of Minoru UMEWAKA also returned to Kanze-ryu, thus Umewaka-ryu disappeared in 24 years.
- 北条氏によって、2代征夷大将軍源頼家の外戚として権勢をふるった比企能員とその一族が滅ぼされた事件。
- It was an incident that Yoshikazu HIKI and his family, who exerted power as a maternal relative of the second Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') MINAMOTO no Yoriie, were destroyed by the Hojo clan.
- いずれの国においても、8世紀後期から9世紀にかけての時期に、律令制は死滅あるいは形骸化していった。
- In all of these countries, the Ritsuryo system began disappearing or became a dead letter from the latter half of the 8th century to the early 9th century.
- 稲目の代になると、過去に大臣を出していた葛城氏や平群氏は既に本宗家の滅亡により勢いをなくしていた。
- The Katsuragi and Heguri clans, whose members served as ministers in the past, had lost their respective influence by Iname's generation due to the demise of the main branches of their clans.
- 日本の奴婢制度は、律令制の崩壊と共に消滅し、900年代には既に奴婢制度の廃止令が出ている様である。
- The slavery system in Japan disappeared along with the collapse of the ritsuryo system, and in the 900s, an edict to abolish the slavery system seemed to be already promulgated.
- 西国三十三箇所の観音菩薩を巡礼参拝すると、現世で犯したあらゆる罪業が消滅し、極楽往生できるとされる。
- It is believed that all the sins committed throughout one's lifetime would be washed away and a person would go to paradise if he/she made the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon in western provinces.
- 寛弘元年(1004年)に御斎会の講師を務めて権少僧都に補されたが、同年5月23日に71歳で入滅した。
- In 1004, he served as an instructor in Gosaie (the New Year lecture on sutra at the Imperial Palace), and was appointed an administrative position Gonshosozu, and on June 19, 1004, he died at the age of 71.
- 親鸞聖人が入滅された日は、弘長2年(1262年)11月28日(太陽暦:1263年1月16日)である。
- Shinran Shonin entered nirvana in November 28, 1262 (by the old calendar) (January 16, 1263 by the solar calendar).
- 1581年(天正9年)3月、聖滅300年、武田勝頼の臣重須を襲い二箇相承等を奪う(要9-17・20)
- In April 14, 1581, 300 years after the death of Nichiren, vessels of Katsuyori TAKEDA raided Omosu, and robbed Nika Sojo (Fujishu Gaku Yoshu (Teachings of Nichiren sects), volume 9 - 17 and 20).
- 戦争による壊滅的な打撃を受けた日本は、敗戦後はアメリカ合衆国など連合国からの援助に頼ることになった。
- Japan, which was devastated by the war, came to be dependent on aid from the Allied Forces such as the United States after the defeat.
- 新たに家が設立される形態として分家、廃絶家再興、一家創立が、家が消滅する形態として廃家、絶家がある。
- As forms of foundation of an Ie, there are 3 cases which are a branch family, restoration of an abolished family and creation of a family, and as forms of abolition of an Ie there are two cases which are abolished families (廃家) and ended families (絶家).
- この片桐兄弟の退去により豊臣氏は最後の柱石を失い、同年から始まった大坂の役で、家康により滅ぼされた。
- Due to the departure of the Katagiri brothers, the Toyotomi clan lost the last pillar, and was defeated by Ieyasu in the Siege of Osaka the same year.
- 蘇我氏は、小姉君の子ながらも物部氏に擁立されていた穴穂部皇子を暗殺し、戦いで物部守屋を討ち滅ぼした。
- The Soga clan assassinated Anahobe no Miko who was supported by the Mononobe clan, despite the fact that Anahobe no Miko was the son of (SOGA no) Oane no Kimi, and defeated MONONOBE no Moriya in the battle.
- が、知行の権限を行使しなかった行為――いわゆる「不知行」による消滅時効を定めた条文とする異説もある。
- But there is another opinion that it is a provision ruling negative prescription by 'no enfeoffment,' an act of not exercising the authority of enfeoffment.
- この時足立大尉は必死の反撃をし格闘したが、中島も持っていた短刀で加勢し2人で滅多突きにして殺害した。
- Senior Lieutenant Adachi fought hard, but Nakajima joined Iwanaga with his own short sword and stabbed him to death, striking him a countless number of times.
- 1333年に御家人の足利尊氏(高氏)や新田義貞らによって幕府が倒され、高時は自害し、得宗家も滅亡した。
- In 1333, gokenin including Takauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA overthrew the shogunate, after which Takatoki killed himself and the Tokuso family went to ruin.
- 江戸時代の文化・文政(1804~29)の頃、今は絶滅した「郡大根」の変異種として生まれたと伝えられる。
- Aomi daikon is said to be a mutant product of 'Kori daikon' (daikon produced in Goku-Kori cho, a town in Kyoto City), which is already extinct, during the Bunka-Bunsei eras (1804 - 1829) of the Edo period.
- また武家茶道においても、台子点前は貴人といえども滅多に見せるべきでないものとされていた(『和泉草』)。
- It was said that tea ceremony with daisu should only be held on rare ocasions, even in the case of a samurai family's tea ceremony ('Izumiso').
- 硯の最高級品である下関市名産の赤間硯に、かつて下関での壇ノ浦の戦いで滅びた伊勢平氏の怨霊が宿ったもの。
- It was originally an 'Akama suzuri,' a top-quality inkstone made specially in Shimonoseki City, but was possessed by a vengeful spirit of an Ise-Heishi warrior who had been defeated at the Battle of Dannoura.
- 困窮した職分は大挙して吾妻能狂言(能楽と歌舞伎の折衷演劇。明治14年頃に消滅)に参加、失敗に終わった。
- A large number of the occupational branch families that had been suffering from poverty joined the Azuma Nohkyogen (blending play of Nohgaku and Kabuki [traditional drama performed by male actors], disappearing in around 1881) only to fail.
- キリシタン版は、湮滅したものもあり、また前述の通り論者によって定義が異なるし、発見し得た点数も異なる。
- Some publications of Kirishitan-ban were destroyed, and as stated above, the definition differed according to an advocate, and the number of books discovered also differed.
- その運動のは同22年(1989年)の東京美術学校の設立へと結実し、その結果として鑑画会は自然消滅した。
- The movement led to the establishment of Tokyo School of Art in 1989 and as a result, the Kangakai disappeared on its own.
- 牛御前は関東に転戦し徹底抗戦、隅田川に身を投げ体長30メートルの牛鬼に変身して頼光軍を滅ぼしたという。
- Ushi gozen fought forward to the Kanto region for her all-out resistance and threw herself into Sumida-gawa River to transform herself into Ushioni 30 meters long, and she defeated Yoshimitsu's army.
- 昭和19年(1944年)までに計79名が認定されたが、戦後になって内閣府と宮内省の改変に伴い消滅した。
- Although 79 people had been appointed until 1944, the system died after the war (World War II) with the reorganization of Cabinet Office and the Imperial Household Ministry.
- 1998年に横浜フリューゲルスが消滅した際、選手6人・コーチ1人・スタッフ1人がサンガに移籍している。
- When Yokohama Flugels disappeared, six players, one coach and one other staff member transferred their registrations to Sanga.
- これによって雄町、穀良都、亀の尾など優秀な酒米もしだいに栽培されなくなり、多くの品種が絶滅していった。
- Because of this policy, high-grade rice for sake brewing such as Omachi, Kokuryomiyako and Kamenoo gradually disappeared and many varieties were extinguished.
- 後に板垣退助や片岡健吉が帰郷し、江藤も佐賀の乱に加わったため活動を停止し、自然消滅を迎えることとなる。
- Later, as Taisuke ITAGAKI and Kenkichi KATAOKA went home and Eto participated in Saga War, the party stopped its activities and died out.
- だが、勝頼の代には有力な勢力だった浅井・朝倉が、長篠城の戦いの前年に長島一向衆が、既に滅ぼされていた。
- When Katsuyori came to power, however, the powerful clans of Azai and Asakura had been destroyed a year before the Battle and the followers of the Ikko sect in Nagashima had been already defeated.
- 長州征討などで活動し、江戸幕府が大政奉還で消滅した後も戊辰戦争において榎本武揚に率いられ戦闘を続けた。
- It was engaged in battles including the Choshu Conquest, and the bakufu kaigun led by Takeaki ENOMOTO continued battles in the Boshin War even after the bakufu was overthrown in Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor).
- しかし、信隆の死後に里見義堯が信隆の後を継いだ真里谷信政を攻め滅ぼして真里谷氏を支配下に収めるのである。
- After Nobutaka's death, however, Yoshitaka SATOMI attacked and destroyed Nobutaka's successor Nobumasa MARIYA and put the Mariya clan under his control.
- しかし、孫の最上義俊の代に御家騒動が起こり、江戸幕府の命により改易とされ、大名としての最上氏は滅亡した。
- However, a family dispute occurred during the time of Yoshitoshi MOGAMI, a grandson of Yoshiaki, and the Mogami family was deprived of its status by the order of the Edo Bakufu, resulting in the fall of the Mogami clan as a Daimyo.
- しかしこのときは武田信玄の死や室町幕府の滅亡など悪条件が重なって、1573年末に織田信長に降伏している。
- However, at this time various negative factors, such as the death of Shingen TAKEDA and the downfall of Muromachi bakufu, compelled Hisahide surrender to Nobunaga ODA at the end of 1573.
- 「角川」によれば、昭和41年に当町の一部が隣接する町域に編入され、残余の消滅時期及び編入先は未詳である。
- According to 'Kadokawa,' a part of the town was incorporated into the adjacent town district in 1966 although it remains silent as to when the rest of the town was abolished and where it was incorporated.
- 江戸時代の大火で隣村の九鬼ヶ坂村が全滅し、その際に寺院の本尊を当村が、土地を上平屋村が譲り受けたという。
- It is said that, when adjacent village of Kukigasaka-mura (九鬼ヶ坂村) was destroyed by a big fire in the Edo period, the village inherited the honzon (principal object of worship at a temple) of the temple in Kukigasaka-mura and the village of Kamihiraya-mura the land of the Kukigasaka-mura.
- 弘長2年(1262年)親鸞入滅、京都東山 (京都府)の大谷に葬られ、10年後に「大谷廟堂」が建立された。
- Shinran died in 1262, and ten years after the Otani-byodo was build.
- 南座は現在も年末の顔見世興行を行って古い伝統を維持しているが、道頓堀の芝居小屋はほとんどが消滅している。
- Minami-za still maintains the old traditions by carrying out kaomisekogyo (the season's first performance with the new company) at the end of the year, but almost all the playhouses in Dotonbori have disappeared.
- しかし栽培や収穫に手間がかかることから次第に農家が敬遠したため、ついには一部の品種を絶滅させてしまった。
- However, farmers gradually became unwilling to produce those vegetables because it took a lot of work to cultivate and harvest them, which resulted in the extermination of some of the varieties.
- そして富本は両者の中間的な形態として当初は絶大な人気を集めたが、現在ではほぼ滅亡寸前であるといっていい。
- Tomimoto used to be quite popular as the intermediate between them, but today it's on the verge of a downfall.
- 江戸幕府の酒造統制や明治政府の造酒税増税に翻弄され、衰滅したり、再生したり、新しいものが生まれたりした。
- Brewers were at the mercy of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) sake brewing regulations and the Meiji government's increased sake tax and, fell into decline, recovered and new entities emerged.
- 2007年欧州連合がヨーロッパウナギの絶滅が危惧(きぐ)されシラスウナギの輸出を規制する方針を発表した。
- In 2007, being afraid that European eels would become extinct, the European Union announced its policy of regulating the export of glass eels.
- 16世紀前半には、各地で県を単位とした官田と民田の税率一本化が進められ、中頃には官田は基本的に消滅した。
- In the early 16th century, tax standardization between kanden and private estates was promoted everywhere by the prefectures, and kanden basically disappeared by the middle of the century.
- その後、九州王朝が成立したが、663年(天智元年)「白村江の戦い」の敗北により滅亡にむかったとしている。
- According to FURUTA, the Kyushu dynasty was subsequently established, but it went downhill after it was defeated in `the Battle of Hakusukinoe' in 663.
- 応永6年(1399年)には6カ国の守護だった大内義弘が義満の挑発によって挙兵して滅ぼされた(応永の乱)。
- In 1399, Yoshihiro OUCHI, a shugo who held six provinces, allowed himself to be provoked into the battle only to be defeated by Yoshimitsu (Oei War).
- 日本は第二次世界大戦で総力戦を経験、日本の陸海軍は壊滅的な損害を蒙り、日本本土はアメリカ軍に占領された。
- Japan experienced an all-out war in the Second World War in which its army and navy suffered disastrous damages, and Japan proper was occupied by the U.S. army.
- 当初は平家が源氏を圧倒していたが、次第に形勢が逆転し、源家の頼朝軍が壇ノ浦の戦いで平家を滅ぼして勝利した。
- Initially, the Taira clan overwhelmed the Minamoto clan, but the tide gradually turned, and Yoritomo's forces of the Minamoto family defeat the Taira family in the Battle of Dannoura and won the war.
- 2006年(平成18年)1月1日に天田郡三和町 (京都府)、夜久野町とともに福知山市に編入されて消滅した。
- On January 1, 2006, Oe-cho as well as Miwa-cho (Kyoto Prefecture) and Yakuno-cho in Amata-gun was absorbed by Fukuchiyama City, and the town was dissolved.
- 鎌倉時代末期に足利尊氏が京都の六波羅探題を滅ぼし、幕府滅亡後には京で後醍醐天皇による建武の新政が行われた。
- In the late Kamakura period, Takauji ASHIKAGA destroyed the Rokuhara Tandai of Kyoto, and after the collapse of the bakufu, the Kenmu Restoration was initiated by Emperor Godaigo in Kyo.
- 愛季は織田信長とも誼を通じる一方、浅利勝頼ら領内の反抗勢力を滅ぼし、由利地方から大宝寺氏の干渉を駆逐した。
- Chikasue, who was associated with Nobunaga ODA, defeated the opposition powers within the territory including Katsuyori ASARI, and swept out the intervention of Daihoji clan from Yuri region.
- 1456年(康正2年)、「河北千町」を領していた葛西秀清を政季・安東忠季父子が滅ぼしてここに本拠を構えた。
- In 1456, Masasue ANDO and his son Tadasue defeated Hidekiyo KASAI who was ruling 'Kahokusenmachi' (河北千町), and set up their home base there.
- 現代では、かつて盛行したインドやイランで絶滅しかけている反面、南北アメリカ及び南アフリカでも行われている。
- Today, while it has nearly disappeared in India and Iran where it was once popular, it is still practiced in the Americas and South Africa as well.
- 明の遺臣たちは明滅亡の原因を理論的な空談にはしった陽明学にあると考え、実用的な学問、経世致用の学を唱えた。
- The surviving retainers of Ming blamed the theoretical idle talk of Yomei-gaku for the fall of the Ming Dynasty, and called for practical learning and that is practical and useful to rule a country.
- 絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の国際取引に関する条約(ワシントン条約)第8回締約国会議(1996年3月)
- The 8th Conference of Parties of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (May 1996)
- おりしも、同年9月1日に起きた関東大震災で首都が壊滅し、松竹や日活の在京撮影所が京都に避難・機能移転した。
- After Tokyo was devastated by the Kanto Great Earthquake occurred on September 1 of the same year, studios of Shochiku and Nikkatsu located in Tokyo were relocated to Kyoto.
- このため豊臣氏滅亡後、幕府から嫌疑を掛けられてしまうが、松花堂昭乗、九条家のとりなしによって恩赦を受けた。
- As a result, he was suspected by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) of rebellion after the fall of the TOYOTOMI family, however, pardoned through the mediation of Shojo SHOKADO and the Kujo family.
- 戸主が、婚姻や養子縁組などの理由により他の家に入るために、元の家を消滅させることをいう(旧民法762条)。
- It means abolishment of one's own family for being a family member of another family due to marriage or adoption (the Old Civil Codes, Article 762).
- 日本は朝鮮半島への足掛かりを失い、日本は大国唐の脅威にさらされることとなった(668年には高句麗も滅亡)。
- Japan lost its foothold on Korean Peninsula and Japan came to face the threat of a great power, Tang (in 668, Goguryeo also went to ruin).
- その他の姓(カバネ)としては、百済滅亡後に亡命してきた百済王族に与えられた百済王氏(こにきし)などがある。
- Other kabane included konikishi which was given to the Royal Families of Baekje after fleeing to Japan due to the fall of their country.
- 藩社は藩より奉幣を受ける神社だが、社格は定められたものの廃藩置県により藩が消滅したため列格した神社はない。
- Although the shrine ranking of Hansha was established for those to receive hohei from domain, there was no shrines ranked as Hansha, since domains were abolished by Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures).
- (このとき土岐氏の嫡流を譲ったとされるが、江戸崎土岐氏もまた豊臣秀吉の小田原の陣に際し領地を失い滅亡した)。
- (On this occasion, Yorinari is said to have handed over the status as the main branch of the family to the Edosaki-Toki clan, however, the Edosaki-Toki clan also lost its territories at Odawara no Jin (The Siege of Odawara) by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and was destroyed.
- 幕府滅亡時には兄の高時と行動を共にせず、兄の遺児である北条時行を逃がした後、自身も陸奥国へと落ち延びている。
- Yasuie did not join his elder brother, Takatoki, at the fall of the bakufu, and after releasing Tokiyuki HOJO, his elder brother's son, withdrew to Mutsu Province.
- 大内氏の滅亡と同時に興盛の孫の内藤隆世が自刃し、嫡流は断絶したが、興盛の五男の内藤隆春が毛利氏に仕えている。
- Takayo NAITO, a grandson of Okimori, committed seppuku at the downfall of the Ouchi clan, ending the main line of the family, but Takaharu NAITO, Okimori's fifth son, served the Mori clan.
- その後筒井定慶が大和郡山1万石を与えられたが、大坂夏の陣で定慶が戦死したため、大名としての筒井氏は滅亡した。
- Years later Juntei TSUTSUI was granted a domain of 10,000 koku in Yamato Koriyama, however he was killed in action during Summer Siege of Osaka, at the result, the Tsutsui clan as Daimyo family disappeared.
- 百済が660年に唐・新羅に滅ぼされたため、朝廷に滞在していた百済王子・扶余豊璋を送り返し、百済復興を図った。
- As Baekje was destroyed by the Silla (Kingdom) and Tang in 660, the Baekje prince, Buyeo Pung, who was staying at the Imperial Court, was sent back to his country to save Baekje.
- 仏の教えが煩悩を滅ぼして菩提心(悟りを求める心)を表す様を、インド神話上の武器に譬えて法具としたものである。
- It became a ritual object by comparing the way Buddha's teachings destroy earthly desires and reveal aspiration for Buddhahood (mind seeking for enlightenment) to a weapon in Indian mythology.
- 1581年(天正9年)3月、聖滅300年、武田勝頼の臣、重須本門寺を襲い二箇相承等を奪う(要9-17・20)
- A vassal of Katsuyori TAKEDA attacked Omosu Honmon-ji Temple and robbed Nika Sojo (documents which were believed to be addressed from Nichiren to his disciple, Nikko, in 1282) in April, 1581 (Seimetsu 300).
- 真言宗の伝承では空海の誕生日を6月15日とするが、これは中国密教の大成者である不空金剛三蔵の入滅の日である。
- According to a tradition in the Shingon sect, his birth date is June 15, but it corresponds to the day when Fuku Kongo Sanzo, who established Esoteric Buddhism in China, died.
- 現在では大型の機械弓は消滅し、弓矢(和弓・洋弓など)・吹き矢・ダーツ・洋弓銃はスポーツとして楽しまれている。
- The big machine bow disappeared and Yumiya (Japanese bow, Yokyu or Western-style archery, and so on), blowguns, darts, and crossbows are presently enjoyed as sports.
- 安土桃山時代に若狭武田氏が滅亡すると、武田信直(吸松斎)から姻戚(下記参照)の細川幽斎(幽斎)に伝授された。
- When the Wakasa Takeda clan collapsed in the Azuchi Momoyama period, it was handed down to Yusai HOSOKAWA (called Yusai), through Nobunao TAKEDA (called Kyushosai), who was a relative of Yusai (see below).
- 幕府滅亡時まで御分国だったのは駿河国・相模国・武蔵国・越後国で、相模・武蔵の国司には執権・連署が任命された。
- The Kanto Gobunkoku that remained until the fall of the Kamakura bakufu were Suruga Province, Sagami Province, Musashi Province and Echigo Province, while the officials assigned to Sagami Province and Musashi Province were regents/cosignatories of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 660年(斉明天皇6年)、新羅よりの救援要請を受けて唐が軍を起こし、同年に唐・新羅連合軍によって百済が滅亡。
- In 660, the Tang Dynasty mobilized their army as Silla requested their assistance, and in the same year Kudara was destroyed by the allied forces of Tang and Silla.
- 中華人民共和国では文化大革命によって道教は壊滅的な打撃を受けたが、民衆の間では未だにその慣習が息づいている。
- Although Taoism was seriously degraded during China's Cultural Revolution, its traditions are still alive among the general public.
- 糸島地域のみで細々と継続するほかは旧甕棺墓制分布域で散発的に認められるのみとなり、古墳時代までには消滅する。
- Apart from the Itoshima region where the custom barely remained, it was sporadically seen in a former kamekan burial system distribution range and finally the custom disappeared by the Kofun period.
- 近代的自治法の整備とともに五人組は法制的には消滅したが、第二次世界大戦中の隣組にその性格は受け継がれていた。
- Along with development of the modern self-governing laws, the Gonin-gumi disappeared as a legal system; however, the tonarigumi (neighborhood association [established in Japan in 1940]) system during World War II took over its characteristics.
- だが、東国の将門が滅亡したことにより、兵力の西国への集中が可能となったため、朝廷は純友討伐に積極的になった。
- However, the fall of Masakado in Togoku made it possible for the Imperial Court to concentrate its military power in Saigoku where it became active in containing Sumitomo.
- 戦国時代まで甲斐武田氏の庶流にして守護代であった跡部氏は、武田氏滅亡の折、主家に叛いて後に徳川氏の家臣となる。
- When the Takeda clan was extinguished, the Atobe clan, a branch family of the Kai-Takeda clan served as shugodai until the Sengoku period, and became a vassal of the Tokugawa clan betraying the master family.
- スリランカでは東南部において遺跡が確認されており、上座部仏教と併存した後に12世紀までには消滅したようである。
- In Sri Lanka, ruins were identified in southeast areas, and it seems to have disappeared by the 12th Century after a period of coexistance with Theravada Buddhism.
- しかしその一方で、秀吉は大和四座以外の猿楽には興味を示さなかった為、この時期に多くの猿楽の座が消滅していった。
- However, to an extreme, Hideyoshi showed no interest in Sarugaku other than the Yamato-shiza and as a result, a lot of theatres of Sarugaku disappeared during this time.
- On the other hand, however, Hideyoshi was not interested in sarugaku performed by troupes other than Yamato-shiza, and as a result many sarugaku troupes ceased to exist during that time.
- ガラスやカーテンが普及するようになって使用は減ったものの、ガラス併用の障子なども作られ消滅することはなかった。
- Due to the spread of glass and curtains, the use of shoji became less popular; however, the creation of shoji used with glass and the like, precluded shoji from becoming extinct.
- 正直一途な地方出身の男が、都会の女性にだまされ破滅する物語は、並木五瓶の『五大力恋緘』(五大力)にも見られる。
- The story in which a thoroughly straight fellow from ouside an urban area is cheated by an urban woman is also included in 'Godairiki Koi no Fujime' (Godairiki) written by Gohei NAMIKI.
- そして、その旺盛な繁殖力で、死滅を逃れた他の芽胞菌類に先んじて栄養となる物質を消費し、他の微生物の繁殖を阻む。
- Additionally, given its active propagating power, the bacillus subtilis natto consumes nutrition materials ahead of other sporular bacteria that have survived, thus preventing the increase of other microorganisms.
- やがて、毛利氏の侵攻を受けて弘治3年(1557年)に自害し、大内家は義隆の死から6年足らずで滅ぶこととなった。
- Eventually, he was invaded by the Mori clan and killed himself in 1557, and the Ouchi family was demolished in less than 6 years after Yoshitaka's death.
- こうして信玄の死から一年足らずで浅井・朝倉・三好といった勢力は信長に滅ぼされ、将軍足利義昭も京から追放された。
- Within one year after Shingen's death, the anti-Nobunaga forces, including ASAI, ASAKURA, and MIYOSHI, were killed by Nobunaga and Shogun Yoshiaki was expelled from Kyoto.
- (明治維新後に兵学、砲術は滅び、他も衰えたこれらはいったんは体育に向かないと教育制度にとり入れられなかった。)
- (After the Meiji Restoration, gunnery, and military science were abolished, and other schools, which were also diminished, were not adopted in the educational system as they were determined to be unsuitable to be included in physical education classes.)
- また、鎌倉幕府成立以降、政治の実権を奪われた貴族社会の衰退の中で、滅びや自然への見方に哀調があると指摘される。
- Additionally, it is sometimes pointed out that there is a pathos in viewing downfall and nature along with the downfall of the aristocracy, whose power in politics had been taken away since establishment of the Kamakura shogunate.
- すなわち、縄文早期の更に前半期に関東地方の東部で集中的に使用された後、縄文中期に土偶の使用は一旦消滅している。
- In fact, the use of the earthen figures had disappeared for a time in the middle of the Jomon period after they were used extensively in the east part of the Kanto region in the first half of the earlier Jomon period.
- 越前朝倉氏滅亡後、越後国に朝倉愛王丸が落ち延びたという伝承が、また、出羽国などにも子孫伝承が残るが、真偽は不明。
- There was a legend of Aiomaru ASAKURA, in which he is said to have escaped safely to Echigo Province after the fall of the Echizen-Asakura clan, and there were also legends related to the clan's descendents in Dewa Province, and so on, however the authenticity of any of these legends is not confirmed.
- 戦国時代 (日本)には後北条氏に服属を余儀なくされ、小田原の役においてともに滅亡したが、後に江戸幕府旗本となる。
- In the Warring States period (Japan), the Hitachi-Toki clan was forced to be loyal to the Gohojo clan, and their power declined along with the Gohojo clan in the Siege of Odawara, but later it became Hatamoto (direct retainer) of Edo bakufu.
- 中でも、アユモドキは環境省レッドデータブックで絶滅危惧IA類、京都府レッドデータブックで絶滅寸前種となっている。
- In the Red Data Book of Japan, the kissing loach is of particular note, being classified as Critically Endangered, while listed as only Endangered in the Red Data Book of Kyoto Prefecture.
- 信玄の死後、武田氏が9年で滅びたのは、次代の武田勝頼における体制作りが行なわれていなかったためとも言われている。
- The reason why the Takeda clan was ruined only within nine years after the death of Shingen is said to be that the inner system for Katsuyori TAKEDA of the next generation was not established.
- 明治維新後、幕府崩壊と共に武士階級の消滅、明治政府による近代化政策の煽りから武術は時代遅れとされ急激に衰退する。
- After the Meiji Restoration, because of the disappearance of Samurai hierarchy together with the demise of the bakufu, Japan's feudal government, and the influence of the modernization policy of the Meiji Government, martial arts were considered to be out of fashion and declined rapidly.
- また、技術面でも印刷術の発展によって模刻という手法自体が時代遅れとなり、自然消滅せざるを得なくなったのであった。
- Moreover, the method of mokoku itself also became technologically outdated by the development of the printing technology, and had no choice but to disappear on its own.
- 『漢書』「食貨志」によると、貨泉は天鳳元年(14年)に鋳造され、新が滅亡するまでの12年のあいだ流通したという。
- According to Shi Hugo Zhan (records on economy) of 'Kanjo' (historical records of the Han Dynasty), Kasen were cast in 14 A.D., and were circulated for twelve years until the Shin dynasty became extinct.
- 安史の乱で宮廷の音楽も壊滅して衰退したが、その後再興され、838年には法曲を仙韶曲と改め、梨園を仙韶院と改めた。
- Although the court music declined severely as a result of the An Shi Rebellion, it was revived in the subsequent generation and in 838, faqu was renamed senshokyoku (仙韶曲), and rien was renamed senshoin (仙韶院).
- そのため硝酸還元菌や乳酸菌を加え、乳酸を生成させることによって雑菌や野生酵母を死滅させ駆逐することが必要となる。
- Therefore, it becomes necessary to kill or get rid of undesirable bacteria or natural yeast by adding nitrate reducing bacteria or lactobacillus in order to produce lactic acid.
- 辛うじて陸地にいた元軍兵士も、旧暦7月7日(ユリウス暦7月23日)の竹崎季長らによる鷹島奇襲などでほぼ消滅した。
- Most Yuan soldiers who had managed to disembark also perished by a surprise attack on Taka-shima Island by Suenaga TAKEZAKI and others on July 7 according to old lunar calendar (July 23 according to the Julian calendar).
- 翌年1875年には全国的な愛国社が結成されるが、大阪会議で板垣が参議に復帰した事や資金難により、すぐに消滅する。
- In1875, the Aikokusha (Society of Patriots) was formed nationwide by Itagaki but was soon disbanded as the party had financial issues and Itagaki returned to the position of Sangi (councillor) at the Osaka conference.
- 高次は浅井長政に仕えていたが、天正元年(1573年)に織田信長によって浅井氏が滅亡したため、信長の家臣となった。
- Takatsugu served Nagamasa AZAI, but became a vassal of Nobunaga ODA because the Azai clan was ruined by Nobunaga in 1573.
- だが、『萬葉集』には8世紀以前の防人の歌は無いので、防人が置かれたのは九州王朝が滅亡した7世紀末頃と考えられる。
- Since the waka poems of Sakimori were not contained in 'Manyoshu' (Japan's oldest anthology of poems) before the eighth century, Sakimori is considered to be placed when the Kyusyu dynasty was destroyed at the end of the seventh century.
- しかし、残りの4つは江戸幕府滅亡の際に寺社奉行から明治政府に引き渡されたものが、国立国会図書館に所蔵されている。
- However, the other four editions, which were handed down from Jisha bugyo to the Meiji government at the time of the overthrow of the Edo shogunate, are in the posession of the National Diet Library.
- 結果、小野崎氏は山入氏と完全に袂を分かち、永正元年(1504年)の山入氏の滅亡に貢献、100年の内乱は終熄した。
- As a result, the Onosaki clan completely parted with Yamairi clan and contributed to the collapse of Yamairi clan in 1504, therefore, it led to the end of domestic conflict for 100 years.
- このしわ寄せは庶民にいき、「掃清滅洋」という清朝を敵視するスローガンは、義和団以外にも広がりを見せるようになる。
- Disapproval of this treaty spread among citizens and the 'Overthrow Qing, Destroy the Foreigners' slogan that was hostile to the Qing dynasty started to spread among non-Boxers.
- 1589年には、会津守護を称して南奥州の覇者であった蘆名氏と雌雄を決し、これを滅ぼして伊達氏の領土は最大となった。
- In 1589, Masamune designated himself as Aizu shugo (provincial constable) and won a fatal battle against the Ashina clan, a ruler of the southern Oshu region, which made the Date clan to achieve the largest territory in its history.
- 永承四年春に薨去し、葬送の日はちょうど釈迦入滅の日であったため、「成仏間違いなし」と言われた(『後拾遺和歌集』)。
- She passed away in the spring of 1049, and the day of her death was the day of Shaka's death; people said `Her soul must rest in peace' ('Goshui wakashu', Later gleanings of Japanese poems).
- 他に永禄5年(1562年)に本山氏に攻められ滅亡したとする説もあるが、資料や本山茂辰の吉良姓僭称から信憑性は薄い。
- Another theory suggests that the Kira clan was attacked and fell by the Motoyama clan, but the credibility is low due to Shigetoki MOTOYAMA's pretension of the Kira clan and from the other documents.
- この時、家元制度をとらずに特定の藩組織の中でのみ普及していた流派は消滅した(近年、雨後の筍のように復興している)。
- In those days, those schools that were popular within the specific feudal clan structure disappeared (but they have revived like mushrooms after a rain in recent years).
- こうして徐々に減ってゆき、戦国時代 (日本)に廃滅に瀕して、寛永3年9月四辻季継に詔があり「伊勢海」が復興された。
- Thus, Saibara songs were gradually decreased and almost became extinct in the Sengoku period (Japan), then in September 1626, Suetsugu YOTSUTSUJI was given Mikotonori (imperial edict) and 'Ise no umi' was restored.
- 同県農業試験場にて絶滅種と復刻種/西海222号(山田錦-89H624)を交配、2005年山口県産地品種銘柄に指定。
- The Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station cross-fertilized an extinct variety and revived variety/Saikai No.222 (Yamada nishiki-89H624), and in 2005 it was designated as a brand variety of the growing district of Yamaguchi Prefecture.
- しかし、江戸中期に糊で防染する友禅の技法が出現・発展すると、自由度・手間の両面で劣る辻ヶ花は、急速に廃れ消滅した。
- However, when the technique 'yuzen,' which uses starch for preventing a dye from soaking into cloth, was devised and developed in the middle of the Edo period, tsujigahana rapidly went into decline and disappeared, because tsujigahana was inferior to yuzen in leeway and labor.
- こうして幕府の酒造統制が緊緩を揺らいでいくうちに、四季醸造の技術は江戸時代の終わりまでに消滅してしまうことになる。
- While the bakufu repeated regulation and alleviation in the control of sake brewing in such a way, the technique of sake brewing in all seasons disappeared before the end of the Edo period.
- 同年12月、陸軍省は廃止されて第一復員省へ、海軍省は廃止されて第二復員省へ、それぞれ改組されて軍部大臣は消滅した。
- In December of the same year, the Department of War was abolished and became the Department of Veterans Affairs I, the Department of the Navy was abolished and became the Department of Veterans Affairs II; the Military Ministers was reorganized and dismantled.
- 一方、朝鮮半島では唐と新羅が666年から高句麗攻撃に入っており、2度の攻勢によって668年についにこれを滅ぼした。
- On the other side, on the Korean Peninsula, the Silla-Tang allied forces started to attack Koguryo in 666, and they successfully destroyed it in 668 at the second attempt.
- この事件で西国随一の戦国大名とまで称されていた大内氏が実質的に滅亡し、西国の支配構造は大きく変化することとなった。
- This incident resulted in virtual fall of the Ouchi clan, which was called as the greatest Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in Saigoku (western part of Japan) and great change in ruling structure of Saigoku.
- 554年、百済が新羅に敗れて聖明王が殺され、562年には任那全土が新羅に奪われるに至り、日本府は滅亡したとされる。
- In 554, Baekje lost to Goguryeo and King Seong was killed and the whole Mimana was seized by Silla, which meant the fall of Mimana Nihon-fu in 562.
- 660年に百済が唐軍の侵攻によって滅亡すると、耽羅は独自の外交を展開し、同年には唐へ使いを派遣した(『唐会要』)。
- Upon the fall of Baekje in 660 due to the invasion by the Tang army, Tamna developed its own diplomacy starting with the dispatch of an envoy to Tang in the same year ('Tang Huiyao' [Institutional History of Tang]).
- そのため、北条一族の内紛は政局混迷の度合いを深め、やがて正慶2年(1333年)5月の鎌倉幕府滅亡へと繋がっていく。
- Therefore, the internal strife in the Hojo clan made the political situation increasingly confusing, leading to the demise of the Kamakura bakufu in June, 1333.
- これにより、大韓帝国は消滅し、朝鮮半島は第二次世界大戦(大東亜戦争、太平洋戦争)の終結まで日本の統治下に置かれた。
- With this, the Korean Empire ceased to exist, and the Korean Peninsula was held under Japanese rule until the end of the Second World War (the Greater East Asian War, the Pacific War).
- しかし、康光を始めとする今川家を裏切った戸田一族は今川家に滅ぼされており、否定したという戸田家の人物は不明である。
- However, it is not known who denied the accusation as the IMAGAWA family executed the entire TODA family, including Yasumitsu TODA who was believed to have been the betrayer.
- 1573年、信長は朝倉氏と浅井氏を相次いで滅ぼし、朝倉氏の居城のあった越前には前波吉継を守護代に任じて統治させた。
- In 1573, Nobunaga destroyed the Asakura clan and then the Azai clan, and appointed Yoshitsugu MAEBA as Shugodai (deputy military governor) to reign Echizen, where the Asakura clan had had its residential castle.
- 軍票に対する日本政府の支払い義務は、連合国がサンフランシスコ講和条約で請求権を放棄したため、消滅したとされている。
- It is considered that Japanese government was released from obligation to pay for its military currency since the Allies exempted Japan from the payment when Japan signed the San Francisco Peace Treaty.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に建武の新政が開始された後も、北条氏の残党は津軽地方や日向国、伊予国など各地で散発的に反乱を起こした。
- Even after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu was followed by the Kenmu restoration, the remnants of the Hojo clan occasionally revolted in places such as the Tsugaru region, Hyuga Province and Iyo Province.
- 信行の孫織田昌澄は藤堂高虎や豊臣秀頼に仕え、豊臣家の滅亡後は近江国内に2000石を与えられて、旗本に取り立てられた。
- Masazumi ODA, a grandson of Nobuyuki, served Takatora TODO and Hideyori TOYOTOMI, and after the downfall of the Toyotomi clan, he became hatamoto with a fief of 2000 koku in Omi Province.
- 時光は後に頼綱とともに、豊臣秀吉の命を受けた金森長近の軍と戦って攻め滅ぼされてしまい、姉小路家は名実ともに滅亡した。
- Tokimitsu later fought together with Yoritsuna against the army of Nagachika KANAMORI, who under the command of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, but was destroyed, and this led to the end of both the Anegakoji family and the family name.
- 百済・高句麗は滅ぼされたが、唐は新羅支配下にある百済の復興運動を、新羅は唐支配下にある高句麗の復興運動を後押しした。
- After the coalition troops of Tang and Shiragi conquered Kudara (Baekje) and Kokuri (Goguryeo) which were ancient kingdoms in Korea, Tang supported the restoration movement of Kudara which was then ruled by Shiragi, and Shiragi supported the movement in Tang-ruling Kokuri.
- 大海人皇子から額田王を奪ったので、罪滅ぼしとして(自分の)娘4人を大海人皇子の元に妃として送り込んだと言われている。
- It is said that because Emperor Tenchi (Tenji) took Nukata no Okimi away from Oama no Miko (Emperor Temmu), he sent his four daughters to Oama no Miko (Emperor Temmu) to become princesses for an expiation.
- 織田信長と結んだ浅井長政に至って六角氏を駆逐するが、後に将軍の信長包囲網に加わって信長に抵抗、1573年に滅亡する。
- Although when Nagamasa ASAI had once a military agreement with Nobunaga ODA and drove out the Rokkaku clan, later Nagamasa, joining the Shogun's alliance against Nobunaga, fought against Nobunaga and was defeated in 1573.
- 戦国時代_(日本)に入り、佐竹義舜が山入氏を滅ぼすことにより佐竹氏の内訌が収まり、それとともに江戸氏の北進は止まる。
- In the Sengoku Period (Warring States Period), the strife ended when Yoshikiyo SATAKE destroyed the Yamairi clan, which incident stopped the Edo clan's northward expansion.
- 実際には、釈尊が入滅した月日は不明であり、南伝仏教ではヴァイシャーカ月の満月の日(ウェーサーカ祭)と定められている。
- The actual date of Shakyamuni's entering Nirvana is unknown, and Nanden bukkyo (Buddhism that spread from India to Sri Lanka and Southeast Asian countries such as Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia) specifies that it falls on the full-moon day in the month of Visakha (the Buddhist festival of Vesak).
- やがて元暦元年(1185年)に壇ノ浦の合戦で平家が滅亡すると、捕虜として都に送られ、裁きの上備中国への流罪となった。
- When the Taira family was destroyed at the Battle of Dan no Ura in 1185, he was sent to the capital as a captive, whereupon he was judged and condemned to exile in Bicchu Province.
- 法然入滅後、弟子の勢観房源智は賀茂の河原屋をついで、功徳院神宮堂とし、法然の御影を安置して、法然を開山第一世とした。
- After Honen's nirvana, his disciple Seikanbo Genchi succeeded Kamo no Kawaraya and called it Kudokuin-Jingudo, where he placed the portrait of Honen and enshrined him as the founder.
- 昭和初期の隆盛までは同県内で多く栽培されていたが、穂丈が高く、現代の農法にあわず、昭和時代中期になっていったん絶滅。
- It was grown extensively in Tottori Prefecture until the prosperous time at the beginning of the Showa period, but since it wasn't suitable for modern growing method due to its large ear height, it became distinct in the middle of the Showa period.
- 寿永3年(1184年)1月20日、頼朝が派遣した源範頼、源義経の鎌倉政権軍に攻められて義仲は滅んだ(宇治川の戦い)。
- On March 4, 1184, MINAMOTO no Noriyori, who was dispatched by Yoritomo, and the Kamakura Government army of MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, combined their forces, destroying Yoshinaka (the Battle of Uji-gawa River).
- また、1970年代以降の外国での有余った輸入材の増加に伴う木材価格の暴落により、採算に見合う山林の大部分が消滅した。
- Furthermore, most of the mountains and forests which could be profitable have disappeared because of the sharp decline in the wood price due to an increase of imported woods which abounded in foreign countries after the 1970s.
- 関ヶ原の戦いで石田氏が滅亡した後、佐和山には関ヶ原の戦いで武功を挙げた徳川四天王の一人・井伊直政が18万石で入った。
- After the collapse of the Ishida clan in the Battle of Sekigahara, Naomasa II, one of four generals serving Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who distinguished himself in the battle, became the lord of the Sawayama Domain with 180,000 koku crop yields.
- 『吾妻鏡』における義時の重忠擁護、重忠の過剰な賛美記事は武蔵の英雄を滅ぼした北条氏弁護のための作為と考えられている。
- It is thought that the entries that referred to Yoshitoki's protection of Shigetada and excessive praise of Shigetada in the 'Azuma Kagami' were made up to defend the Hojo clan, which had destroyed the hero of the Musashi Province.
- 大和国では守護である興福寺と同国内で戦国大名化しつつあった筒井順興・越智利基を攻め滅ぼすべく一揆軍が奈良に突入した。
- In Yamato Province, the Ikki army charged into Nara to destroy the provincial governorate Kofuku-ji Temple and Junko TSUTSUI and Toshimoto OCHI, who were growing like daimyo (Japanese territorial lords) in the Sengoku Period in the province.
- 宗家の斯波武衛家が滅亡していたので、斯波氏の流れを汲む最上氏は断絶を惜しまれ、近江国に1万石の知行を改めて与えられた。
- Since the head family, the Shiba-Buei family, had fallen, the extinction of the Mogami clan following the Shiba clan was lamented and the Mogami clan was given again with a fief of 10,000 koku in Omi Province.
- 結果、信西は殺害され信頼が政権を掌握するが、二条親政派と手を結んだ平清盛が武力で信頼らを撃破、後白河院政派は壊滅する。
- Then, Shinzei was killed and Nobuyori took complete control over politics, however, TAIRA no Kiyomori, who was allied with Emperor Nijo directly ruled government forces, defeated Nobuyori and others, and as a result, Goshirakawa in forces were destroyed.
- 武門平氏は滅亡するが、皇位は滋子の産んだ高倉天皇の系統に受け継がれ、堂上平氏も「日記の家」として朝廷内に勢力を保った。
- After the Taira Samurai clan fell into ruin, Imperial succession was passed by Shigeko's son, Emperor Takakura to his line, the Tosho family of the Taira clan also remained and kept their forces in the Imperial Palace as 'the family of the diary.'
- 戦国時代、甲斐国守護武田氏に仕えていた一色土屋氏は武田氏滅亡後、土屋忠直が徳川家康に召出されて上総国久留里藩主となる。
- The Isshiki-Tsuchiya clan served the Takeda clan, the guard of Kai-no-kuni, during the Sengoku period, and after the downfall of the Takeda clan Tadanao TSUCHIYA was employed by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA to become the lord of the domain of Kururi, Kazusa-no-kuni.
- その後、国貞も三好長慶と組み八木城によって抵抗するものの1553年9月内藤国貞の戦死で戦国大名としての内藤氏は滅んだ。
- Therafter, Kunisada also allied himself with Nagayoshi MIYOSHI and resisted the Hatano clan with the help of the Yakami-jo Castle, but was killed in battle in September 1553, bringing about the downfall of the Naito clan as Warring loads.
- これに応えた足利高氏(当時)や新田義貞らの働きで鎌倉幕府は滅び、建武の新政と呼ばれる後醍醐天皇による親政がはじまった。
- Thanks to the efforts of Takauji ASHIKAGA (at this point his name was still written with the character for 'taka' meaning 'high') and Yoshisada NITTA, who responded to Godaigo's order, the Kamakura bakufu was destroyed, and the Kenmu Restoration, an era of direct Imperial rule by Emperor Godaigo began.
- 天正10年(1582年)までに、織田信長は京を中心とした畿内とその周辺を手中に収め、天正10年3月に武田氏を滅ぼした。
- Up until 1582, Nobunaga had a hold on Kinai (the five provinces in the immediate vicinity of Kyoto) centering around Kyoto and its vicinity and overthrew the Takeda clan in April and May 1582.
- 本能寺の変の後の山崎の戦いにおいて伊勢貞興は明智勢として二条御所の織田信忠を攻め滅ぼしたが、最終的には羽柴勢に敗れた。
- After the Honnoji Incident, Sadaoki ISE participated in the Battle of Yamazaki as an Akechi force, and Sadaoki ISE attacked and conquered Nobutada ODA at Nijo-gosho Palace, but later, Sadaoki was eventually lost to the Hashiba force.
- 後者は前者と比べて教訓が生かされたこともあって被害が少なかったものの、どちらも市街地はほぼ壊滅状態にまで追いやられた。
- While the damage was smaller than those before them, despite this, the area was almost completely destroyed.
- 頼久の後は、嫡子上野頼氏が家督を継ぎ備中松山城主となったが、頼氏は天文二年(1533)に庄為資によって攻め滅ぼされた。
- After Yorihisa, Yoriuji UENO, his legitimate child, took over as head of the family and became the lord of the Bicchu Matsuyama-jo Castle, but was overthrown by Tamemoto SHO in 1533.
- また、武田信玄のように隠居せずに死去するまで実権を握り続け、次代の後継者作りや体制作りを忘れたがために滅びた例もある。
- Further, there is the example of Shingen TAKEDA who retained real power until his death and failed to mentor the next generation's successor to maintain the system, and was finally ruined.
- 宗祖日蓮滅後、廟所の六弟子による輪番制が敷かれたが、戦乱や疫病、遠方の布教活動を理由に日興以外の五弟子が輪番制を放棄。
- After the founder of the Sect, Nichiren died, in the Mausoleum, a rotation system was organized by six disciples, however five disciples other than Nikko refused to do this routine due to the unsecured situation in wars or plagues, propagation in distant areas, and so on.
- 一遍は、肉親ともいわれる弟子聖戒を後継者とみなしていた節があり、しかも入寂に際して時衆は各地に散って自然消滅している。
- Ippen named Jokai, who is also said to have been a blood relative, as his successor but after he passed away, the Ji Sect disappeared throughout Japan.
- 日本の歌謡界に大きな影響力のあった歌手の淡谷のり子は演歌嫌いを公言し、「演歌撲滅運動」なるものまで提唱したほどだった。
- Noriko AWAYA, a singer who has made a huge impact on the world of Japanese popular music, professed her dislike of enka music, so much so that she even advocated 'anti-enka campaign.'
- 酵母が、自ら分解によって生じたアルコール分があまり多くなると、そのアルコール濃度の高さゆえに死滅してしまうからである。
- If the alcohol produced by decomposition by the yeast itself is too much, then the yeast cells are killed because of the high concentration of alcohol.
- しかし、源頼朝の一族が源実朝で滅びると、せっかく頼朝が独占した源氏嫡流たる特権も、外戚北条氏に実権を奪われてしまった。
- However, when MINAMOTO no Yoritomo's family ended with MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, the privileges Yoritomo monopolized as the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan as well as the ruling power were overtaken by the Hojo family, the maternal relative of the Minamoto family.
- 物語の主体となるのは源平合戦で滅びたはずの敵平知盛・平維盛・平教経、吉野の庶民一家そして義経家臣佐藤忠信の偽者である。
- Things mainly told in the story are about the enemies of the Genpei War including TAIRA no Tomomori, TAIRA no Koremori and TAIRA no Noritsune who were supposed to be dead, a family of common people in Yoshino, and a imposter pretending to be Tadanobu SATO, a vassal of Yoshitsune's.
- また、かつては福岡県内を中心に粕取り焼酎専業の蔵も多くあったが、現在では米焼酎の製造を行うなど、専業蔵は消滅している。
- Also there were a lot of shochu breweries that produced only kasutori shochu mainly in Fukuoka Prefecture before, but such breweries disappeared and they produce rice shochu or other types now.
- 三味線奏者は、戦後の後継者難から、選択無形文化財に指定された林家とみ(2代目林家染丸の妻)の没後滅亡の危機に晒された。
- The shamisen player was on the brink of extinction after the death of Tomi HAYASHIYA (the wife of Somemaru HAYASHIYA II), who was designated as a selected intangible cultural property, as it became difficult to find her successors after the War.
- 官田の消滅には、明代後半期から長江デルタ地帯を中心に各地で強まった、土地に対する公課負担均等化への社会的要請が大きい。
- The disappearance of kanden was mainly due to societal demand for equalization of taxes on land which spread through various regions around the delta of the Yangtze River in the late Ming period.
- 途中、王莽の簒奪による新の建国があったがその際も大きな影響を受けず、官印の支給は220年の後漢滅亡まで続くことになる。
- Even when Wang Mang usurped the throne and founded the Xin Dynasty, there was no big impact on kanin, and kanin kept being provided until the Later Han Dynasty was overthrown in 220.
- 長治が悪政により阿波を混乱させると、真之は新たに台頭しつつあった土佐の長宗我部元親と手を結び復権を図り、長治を滅ぼした。
- When Nagaharu disturbed Awa by his misrule, Saneyoshi planned to regain his position by linking up with Motochika CHOSOKABE, who started gain power in Tosa, and eliminated Nagaharu.
- さらに享禄4年(1531年)に高国を滅ぼし(大物崩れ)、台頭する家宰の三好元長も討ち、将軍足利義晴を擁立して幕政を握る。
- Moreover Sumimoto exterminated Takakuni in 1527 (Daimotsu kuzure [the Battle of Daimotsu]), also killed Motonaga MIYOSHI of Kasai (main retainer), who was gaining power, and he seized the shogunate government by supporting Shogun Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA.
- が、かつては同市木村町のケンサイ塚古墳(円墳・消滅)や妙法寺町の熊の森古墳(前方後円墳)を皇子墓に比定する異説もあった。
- In the past, there were differing theories through which historians and other experts could identify the Kensaitsuka Kofun (The Kofun was an enpun tumulus and disappeared) in Kimura-Cho, Higashiomi City and Kuma no Mori Kofun (keyhole-shaped tumulus) inside Myoho-ji Temple as the burial mound of Prince Oshiha.
- その間、お茶屋『吉田家』の娘であるひろ子が戦後で初の舞妓として店出しをしたが、後に襟替えをし、舞妓はしばらくは消滅した。
- In the meantime, a daughter of the teahouse 'Yoshida-ya,' Hiroko opened a teahouse for the first time as a apprentice geisha after World War II, but later carried out the eri-age to become a geisha, and as a result, apprentice geisha disappeared from Kamishichiken for some time.
- 自分を追放し、室町幕府を滅亡に追いやった信長に恨みを抱く足利義昭が、その権力を奪い返すために光秀をそそのかしたとする説。
- This view advocates that Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA who had hard feelings against Nobunaga who had expelled him and ruined the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), tempted Mitsuhide in order to regain Yoshiaki's power.
- 中川・高山両隊は亀山城 (丹波国)に向かい、明智光慶を自刃させ城を占拠したため、明智氏は僧籍にいた者などを除いて滅んだ。
- As Nakagawa's and Takayama's corps went to Kameyama-jo Castle (in Tanba Province), forced Mitsuyoshi AKECHI to commit jijin, and then occupied the castle, the Akechi family became extinct except for its priest members.
- そして、「未来の世に、如来は入滅して既にこの世にいないと説く悪比丘が現れるために、この涅槃経を説く」と随所に説いている。
- And, everywhere in its sutra, Nehan-gyo preached that it was necessary because wicked Buddhist priests may appear in the future to preach that Nyorai (Buddha) is no longer existing after his death.
- 釈尊滅後、釈尊が仏になることができたのは、在世の修行のみならず、過去世における長い修行の結果であるという思想が生まれた。
- Then, there emerged a belief among the people that the reason why Shakyamuni could become Buddha after his death was not only because of his ascetic practices he made during he was alive, but also his long-lasting practices he had accomplished in his past world.
- やがて、このような念仏が師としての釈迦の入滅を機として、一つの展開をとげて、法を介しての仏への念仏が説かれるようになる。
- Before long, this kind of nenbutsu was to consider Shakyamuni as a master, and by turning their entrance to nirvana (death) as an occasion, one image was spread, and nenbutsu for the Buddha through religious principles began to be preached.
- そして、御家人階層の没落傾向に対して新興階層である悪党の活動が活発化していき、この動きは鎌倉幕府滅亡へとつながっていく。
- The class of Gokenin began to fall, and to the contrary, a new class of Akuto (a villain in the medieval times) emerged, and this change later led to the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 対する官軍(約50,000名)は山県参軍指揮のもと、延岡から北嚮きに, 以下のように配備し、薩軍を包囲殲滅しようとした。
- For this, under the command of Sangun YAMAGATA, the government army (approx 50,000 soldiers) deployed as follows to surround and rout the Satsuma army:
- そこで慶応年間には生活物資の流通機構を半国営化する「諸色会所」構想が唱えられたが、江戸幕府の滅亡によって実現しなかった。
- So a concept of 'shoshiki-kaisho' (shoshiki exchange), a semi-nationalized distribution channel of daily commodity, was advocated, but it was not brought to realization due to the fall of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- その前後で越前国の朝倉氏や甲斐国武田氏を破りその後滅亡させるなど反抗する大名を武力で屈服させて天下統一事業を推進していた。
- He defeated and exterminated the Asakura clan of Echizen Province and the Takeda clan of Kai Province, submitted resisting daimyo (feudal lords) with military power and promoted unification of the whole country.
- 江戸幕府が滅ぶと、駿府は「静岡」と改名され、徳川将軍家が当地に移されて静岡藩が設置され、1871年の廃藩置県まで存続した。
- After the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was overthrown, Sunpu was renamed to 'Shizuoka' and the Tokugawa Shogun family was moved to this place and Shizuoka Domain was set up and continued to exist until Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) in 1871.
- 清原氏は安倍氏の地位を受け継いだが、後三年の役で滅亡し、藤原清衡がその地位を継承して奥州藤原氏による黄金時代を築き上げた。
- The Kiyohara clan succeeded to the position of the Abe clan, but Go Sannen no Eki (the Later Three Years' War) led to their downfall, and FUJIWARA no Kiyohira succeeded the Kiyohara clan, establishing the golden age of the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- それでも一色氏の命脈は戦国期を通じて永らえたが、1579年7月に一色氏が細川幽斎に滅ぼされて以来、細川氏が丹後を支配した。
- Some of the Isshiki clan survived through the Sengoku period for a fairly long time, but in July 1579 Yusai HOSOKAWA defeated the Isshiki clan and thereafter controlled Tango Province.
- このため、松田氏滅亡後も「備前法華」と称される強力な門徒団が形成され、後に備前は不受不施派の拠点として知られるようになる。
- Therefore, even after the destruction of the Matsuda clan, a powerful follower group called 'Bizen Hokke' was formed, which later made Bizen known as the base of Fujufuse (Not Receive and Not Give) School.
- 後に再訪した武塔神は、弟将来の妻となっていた蘇民の娘には茅の輪を付けさせ、それを目印として娘を除く弟将来の一族を滅ぼした。
- Muto shin who revisited his younger brother, Shorai, put a ring of Chigaya (Japanese blood grass) as a mark on Somin's daughter who became the wife of his younger brother, Shorai, and destroyed Shorai's family members except for her.
- しかし、加熱殺菌による殺滅は実質不可能なため『エマルション(成分表記上は乳化剤)』の添加による抑制がとられるようになった。
- However, as it is substantially impossible to sterilize by heat, control was maintained by adding 'Emulsion (Emulsifier on label).'
- 現在では「敵役」という区分は消滅し、立役のうちに吸収されているが、江戸時代以来の伝統を重んじてこういった役は立役が演じる。
- Today, the category of 'the role of enemies' disappeared and was absorbed by tachiyaku (a leading male-role actor), and tachiyaku act those roles based on the tradition that has been handed down since the Edo period.
- 安政の大獄は幕府の規範意識の低下や人材の欠如を招き、反幕派による尊攘活動を激化させ、幕府滅亡の遠因ともなったとも言われる。
- Ansei no Taigoku lead to a decrease in general awareness and a shortfall in human resources in the shogunate, plus intensified Sonno activities by the anti-shogunate group, and it is said these were underlying causes in the fall of the government.
- 初代将軍源頼朝の死後に腹心であった梶原景時が御家人66名による連判状によって幕府から追放され、一族が滅ぼされた事件である。
- After the death of the first shogun, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, his right hand, Kagetoki KAJIWARA, was expelled from the bakufu due to the letter of covenant prepared by 66 gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate) with common interests, and his clan was ruined.
- しかし、山田宗有らの尽力による民間交流とはうらはらに、とうとうオスマン帝国が滅びるまで正式の国交が結ばれることはなかった。
- However, despite such civilian exchanges supported by Soyu YAMADA and others, formal diplomatic relations were not realized until the fall of the Ottoman Empire.
- 漢風諡号、天武天皇は代々の天皇とともに淡海三船により「天は武王を立てて悪しき王(紂王)を滅ぼした」から名付けられたとされる。
- Tenmu (天武) is his Chinese-style posthumous name, given by OMI no Mifune who also gave Chinese-style posthumous name to other emperors in Japan, meaning 'Heaven (天) sent King Wu (武) of Zhou and defeated the evil king (King Zhou).'
- 仏教に帰依された様子は、そのために国を滅ぼした梁の武帝以上であり、ただ延喜・天暦の古きよき政治の風が失われたのは残念である。
- It is regrettable to lose the good, old political feel of the Engi and Tenryaku periods, and how the Emperor became a believer in Buddhism implies that he was way above the Samurai who destroyed the country.
- 幕府が滅亡し建武の新政が始まると、阿野廉子が産んだ皇子の中で最年長であった恒良は建武元年(1334年)に皇太子に指名される。
- After the bakufu was overthrown and the Kenmu Restoration began, Tsuneyoshi/Tsunenaga was appointed to Crown Prince who was the oldest son among other Princes of Renshi ANO in 1334.
- ここは927年新羅第55代景哀王が宴会を開いている最中に後百済軍に攻め殺され、新羅が滅亡に向かうきっかけとなった場所である。
- This is also known as the place where the fifty-fifth king of Shilla, Gyeongae, was killed by the army of Later Pakche during a banquet in 927, which led to the collapse of Silla.
- 悟りを得た存在が肉体を離れるときには、「死んだ」とは言われず、「肉体を離れる」、「入滅する」、「涅槃に入る」なとど言われる。
- When the spirit of a person that has attained enlightenment leaves the body, it is not described as being dead; instead, it is described as having, for example, 'left the body,' 'entered nirvana' or 'entered Nehan'.
- なお涅槃経では、法華経の久遠実成を引継ぎつつ、それを更に発展昇華し、如来は入滅後においてもその仏性は永遠に存在すると説いた。
- Nehan-gyo (the Nirvana Sutra), has succeeded the idea of Kuon-jitsujo (Buddha had attained Enlightenment in the eternal past) from Hokke-kyo Sutra, and developed and sublimated it into an idea that the real nature of Budddha shall exist forever even after Nyorai (Buddha) entered nirvana.
- これに対して政府は第2回衆議院議員総選挙の際に大規模な選挙干渉を行って民党の壊滅を計画するも、逆に大敗北を招く結果となった。
- On the other hand, the government planned to destroy Minto by interfering in the second general election of the members of the House of Representatives in 1892 on a large scale but ironically led to its own defeat.
- 「故に我輩は朝鮮の滅亡、其期遠からざるを察して、一応は政府のために之を弔し、顧みて其国民の為には之を賀せんと欲する者なり。」
- Therefore, thinking that the destruction of Korea is not far away, for the government I will show remorse, but for the people, I feel like celebrating.'
- 江戸幕府が全国的な貨幣統一を確立するのは豊臣氏が滅亡してその全国支配が確立した後に発行された寛永通宝の発行まで待つ事になる。
- Nationwide currency by the Edo Shogunate was not established until the Kanei Tsuho coin, which was issued after the Edo Shogunate established the government of the entire nation when the Toyotomi clan was ruined.
- 1575年長篠の戦いに敗北、信玄時代からの重臣を失うと一挙に衰退し、1582年織田信長に攻め込まれて滅亡した(天目山の戦い)。
- The clan declined in one stroke when it was defeated in the Battle of Nagashino and lost senior vassals who had served from the era of Shingen, and it was eventually ruined in 1575 by the attack of Nobunaga ODA (the Battle of Tenmokuzan).
- しかし、信友が守護である斯波氏を討った、すなわち、守護への反逆をおこなったため、信長はこれを口実に信友を滅ぼすことに成功した。
- Nobunaga took advantage of the fact that Nobutomo killed Shugo, the Shiba clan, which meant a rebellion against Shugo, and succeeded in destroying Nobutomo.
- 生きとし生けるものすべての生滅の苦しみに同情し、苦しみを抜いて楽を与えるべく苦慮しており、その姿勢にはもはや自他の区別がない。
- It sympathized with the suffering of all living things in life and death and worries himself to give delight by removing suffering in those whose attitude is not different with himself.
- この梧竹の留学と楊守敬の来朝によって、明治維新の初年、御家流を滅ぼした唐様の新派に代わって六朝書道が流行するに至ったのである。
- Gochiku, who studied abroad, and Yang Shoujing, who visited Japan, made calligraphy in the six dynasties popular, replacing the new Chinese styles that ruined the Oie style during the first year after the Meiji Restoration.
- 永享の乱で滅びた足利持氏の遺児・春王丸と安王丸を奉じた関東の諸将が、永享12年(1440年)結城城に拠って幕府に叛旗を翻した。
- Warlords in the Kanto region who obeyed Shunomaru and Anomaru, sons of late Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, who had perished in the Eikyo War, raised a rebellion against the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in 1440, establishing themselves in the Yuki-jo Castle.
- 1884年に江戸(現在の東京都)の神田では煉瓦や陶器を使用した設備が造られたが、1923年の関東大震災で壊滅的な被害を受けた。
- In 1884 a facility which used bricks or earthenware was built in Kanda in Edo (currently, Tokyo prefecture), but was lost in the devastation of The Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923.
- 食糧管理法の時代は、収量の大きい米の栽培ばかりが促進されたために、多くの優れた酒米が絶滅した(参考日本酒の歴史昭和時代後期)。
- In the era of the Staple Food Control Law, because the cultivation of rice that gave large yields was promoted, many excellent sakamai varieties were extinguished.
- 北条氏得宗家(宗家)最後の当主北条高時が闘犬や犬追物にはまって政治を省みなくなり、鎌倉幕府滅亡の原因となったとする伝説がある。
- Legend has it that Inuoumono was the reason of the down fall of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) because the last head of the Tokuso Family of the Hojo clan (Soke, [head of family, originator]), Takatoki HOJO, devoted himself in dogfights and Inuoumono then neglected the politics.
- 蜂起の目的は、暴力行為を行わず(下記「軍律」参照)、高利貸や役所の帳簿を滅失し、租税の軽減等につき政府に請願することであった。
- The purpose of the uprising was to make an petition for the abrogation of account books to usurers and public offices and tax reduction to the government without taking violent actions (see Martial Law below).
- このため、翌年にはわずか11名にまで減少してしまい、路線対立から第4議会終了と同時に残った全議員が離脱したために自然消滅した。
- Because of this, the number of members of the committee decreased to only 11 next year, and all the remaining councilors after the conflict seceded from it at the same time as when the fourth parliament was shut, and the committee disappeared naturally.
- 嵯峨天皇以来、21代の天皇の子孫に源氏が与えられたと言われている(源氏を与えられた当人やその子の代で断絶・消滅した家も含めて)。
- It is said that the descendants of 21 emperors were given the surnames of Minamoto since the Emperor Saga (including the families which became extinct in the generations of the people who were given the surname themselves and in their children's generations).
- 正盛の子平忠盛が初めて昇殿を許され、忠盛の子清盛は平氏政権を樹立し栄華を誇ったが、驕る平家は久しからず、壇ノ浦の戦いで滅亡した。
- Masanori's son, TAIRA no Tadamori, was the first member of the family to be granted access to the Imperial court, and Tadamori's son (Kiyomori) established the Heike-dominated government and became extremely powerful; the proud and arrogant Heike were not to last for long, however, and they were destroyed in the Battle of Dan no ura.
- 大内政弘の後を継いだ大内義興は、少弐氏を一時滅亡に追いやるなど北九州・中国地方の覇権を確立し、その勢力基盤を確固たるものとした。
- Yoshioki OUCHI, who succeeded to Masahiro OUCHI, established a hegemony in northern Kyushu and Chugoku regions, as well as driving the Shoni clan to a temporary fall, and consolidated the base of his power.
- 戦国時代には越前支配のみならず、隣国若狭国、近江国にも進攻し、領土を広げたが、尾張国の織田信長と対立し、1573年、滅ぼされた。
- During the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States), the clan not only established the dominance in Echizen Province, but also extended its territory over the neighboring provinces, Wakasa and Omi, but the confrontation with Nobunaga ODA of Owari Province led the clan to fall in 1573.
- 以仁王自身の平氏追討計画は失敗に終わったが、彼の令旨を受けて源頼朝や源義仲など各国の源氏が挙兵し、これが平氏滅亡の糸口となった。
- Although the Prince Mochihito's plan to overthrow the Taira clan was not successful, some Minamoto clan raised the army from some parts of Japan after receiving the Prince's order, for example; MINAMOTO no Yoritomo and MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka, and this lead to destruction of the TAIRA clan.
- まず忍坂の邑に大室を造り、精鋭を率いて残党と酒宴を開き、宴も酣になったとき道臣の久米歌を合図に兵たちは剣を抜き、残党を殲滅した。
- To begin with the operation, he constructed an Omuro (a big hall) in Oshisakano-mura Village, and leading his warfare experts, he held a feast with the remnants; when the party became in full swing, to the Kumeuta music that Michinoomi started to sing, Michinoomi's soldiers drew a sword and destroyed the remnants completely.
- また入江土佐守(信定)の子・政俊は越前国の柴田氏に仕え、若狭守と称し越前丸岡城にあったが、柴田勝家と共に北庄城で滅んでしまった。
- Then, Irie Tosanokami guard (Nobusada)'s son Masatoshi served the Shibata clan in Echizen-no-kuni, called himself the Wakasamori guard; he was stationed in Echizen-Maruoka-jo Castle but died in Hokujo-jo Castle together with Katsuie SHIBATA.
- 後醍醐は幕府滅亡後に京都で建武の新政を開くが、南北朝時代 (日本)には吉野へ移り、皇居や行政機関を置いて吉野朝廷(南朝)が成立。
- After demolition of the shogunate, Godaigo carried out the Kenmu Restoration in Kyoto, but he moved to Yoshino in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) and established Yoshino Imperial Court (Southern Court) by setting up a palace and administrative organs.
- 鎌倉の武士たちが院宣に従い、義時は討滅されるであろうと信じきり、幕府軍の出撃を予測していなかった後鳥羽上皇ら京方首脳は狼狽した。
- Blithely assuming that the samurai of Kamakura would obey the Imperial decree and strike down Yoshitoki, the retired Emperor Gotoba and the rest of the capital faction leaders had not anticipated the shogunal sortie, and were thrown into considerable panic.
- 石仏は左から順に千手観音立像(舟形光背石造半肉彫)、聖観音坐像(石造丸彫)、不動明王坐像(火焔光背石造厚肉彫)だが摩滅が著しい。
- The left statue is a standing statue of Thousand Armed Kannon (boat-shaped halo, stone, hanniku-bori); the middle statue is a seated figure of Hijiri Kannon (stone, maru-bori [three dimensional sculpture]); the right statue is a seated figure of Fudo-myoo (Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings) (flame-shaped halo, stone, atsuniku-bori); and they have worn away.
- 昭和50年代までは学校の入学式・卒業式の付き添いの母親の制服的な存在であったが、その後一気に衰退し、現在は滅多に見ることがない。
- Until around 1975, mothers in these haori coats attended entrance ceremonies or graduation ceremonies of their children, however, it declined in a flash, afterwards, and now is almost never seen.
- ただし、博士官が保存する書物は除かれたとあるので儒家の経書が全く滅びたというわけではなく、楚漢戦争をへながらも、漢に伝えられた。
- However, it is told that books stored by the erudite officers were exempted, meaning not all Keisho (most important documents in Confucianism) of Ju-ka were destroyed, and they were passed on to Han despite the Chu-Han contention.
- このとき残した「安禅必ずしも山水を用いず、心頭滅却すれば火も亦た涼し」の辞世で知られる(杜荀鶴の原典は「…火も自ずから涼し」)。
- Joki has been famous for his farewell poem (composed before his death), saying 'Meditation does not always require a quiet place. If you have established your own philosophy, nothing will trouble you as if you would feel fire cool.(安禅必ずしも山水を用いず、心頭滅却すれば火も亦た涼し' (The original text written by Jukukaku TO says 'as if fire itself would be cool.(火も自ずから涼し) '
- すでに絶滅傾向にあった貞観3年3月14日に東大寺大仏供養のとき、唐楽、高麗楽、林邑楽とともに東遊がおこなわれたことは注目される。
- It is notable that Azuma-asobi was performed along with Togaku (the Tang-era Chinese music), Komagaku (the old Japanese court music introduced from Korea), and Rinyugaku (Indian songs and dance) when the Daibutsu kuyo (dedication ceremony for the Great Buddha) was held at Todai-ji Temple on May 1, 861, even though Azuma-asobi nearly ceased to exist at that time.
- 後に今沢流の家元がなくなり、茶道の流派としては消滅したので、表千家・大日本茶道学会といった流派を移りながら稽古することになった。
- Subsequently, when the head of Imasawa school died and the school itself ceased to exist, he continued training himself of the tea ceremony at Omotesenke school, Dainihon Chado Gakkai (Japan Association of the Tea Ceremony) and other schools.
- 1963年、演歌専門のレコード会社・日本クラウンの独立とさまざまな音楽の流入により「流行歌」が消滅し、多数の音楽分野が成立した。
- The independence of Nippon Crown Co., Ltd. as a record company that specializes in enka music in 1963 and arrival of various genre of music helped establish many music genres, leading the 'hit songs' to disappear.
- 大正12年(1923年)の関東大震災により壊滅状態に陥った東京から寿司職人が離散し、江戸前寿しが日本全国に広まったとも言われる。
- It is said that as a result of dispersal of sushi chefs from Tokyo devastated by the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, Edomae-zushi spread all over Japan.
- 「鉄砲組」は「歩兵隊」または「銃隊」へと改組され、これまでの和流砲術家達も洋式砲術を学びなおす等により和流砲術は消滅していった。
- The musket troops' were reorganized into 'the infantry corps' and 'the musket corps;' the Japanese-style gunnery disappeared as the expert gunners of the Japanese-style gunnery restudied the Western-style gunney.
- これは白河法皇、鳥羽天皇が実見するまでの騒ぎになったが、結局、義親は既に討滅されているのだからと、この者は偽者とされ梟首された。
- This became a big incident which made the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa and the Emperor Toba actually see him, but after all he was killed and his head was exposed to the public as a false person since Yoshichika had already extinguished.
- 北条氏の滅亡後、頼純の長男足利国朝も秀吉の計らいにより足利氏姫(最後の古河公方である足利義氏 (古河公方)の娘)と結婚を許された。
- After the Hojo clan fell, Kunitomo ASHIKAGA, the first son of Yorizumi, was allowed at Hideyoshi's discretion to marry Ujihime ASHIKAGA, the daughter of Yoshiuji ASHIKAGA (the last Koga-kubo).
- 明治7年(1874年)、浜側町が呉服町に編入、風呂屋町が紙子屋町と下板橋町に編入されて消滅し、この時点での町数は267町であった。
- In 1874, Hamagawa town was integrated into Gofuku town, and Furoya town disappeared to be integrated into Kamikoya town and Shimoitabashi town, resulting in number of towns at that time of 267.
- 滅亡の危機に瀕した奥州吉良氏であるが、初代鎌倉公方の足利基氏から招かれた治家が上野国飽間郷に移住すると、徐々に勢力を回復し始める。
- Oshu Kira clan was on the verge of the extinction, but Haruie restored power gradually after Motouji ASHIKAGA of the first Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) invited him to relocate into Akima-go, Kozuke Province.
- しかし、元禄2年(1689年)2月2日_(旧暦)に突然改易され、大名である喜多見氏は滅びた(分家の刃傷事件に連座したともされる)。
- Yet, on March 22, 1689, Shigemasa suffered kaieki (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties), which incident resulted in the downfall of the Kitami clan (one theory holds that he was held responsible for one branch family's involvement in a sword fight).
- さらに深まった状態として「心のあらゆる動きが全く止滅した状態(滅尽定)」があるとしており、以上9の段階を「九次第定」と数えている。
- Further, there is the ultimate stage in which 'the movement of mind stops completely (metsujinjo),' and these nine stages are collectively called 'Kushidaijo.'
- なお、銅鐸を「鳴らす」段階にあってはこの内面突帯の摩滅を軽減するため、この内面突帯を二本に増やした物が銅鐸の発達と共に増えていく。
- Since creating a rising, belt-like pattern inside a dotaku reduced the abrasion caused when it was rung, the use of two lines forming rising patterns became an increasingly common style as development of the dotaku continued.
- 下関条約(1895年)によって、最後の朝貢国朝鮮が華夷秩序から離脱したことにより、中国を中心として機能していた華夷秩序は消滅した。
- Kaichitsujp, of which China was the center completely disappeared by conclusion of Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) because the last country, which conducted choko to the Qing dynasty dropped from Kaichitsujo by the conclusion of the treaty.
- 畠山氏の所領は時政の娘である重忠の妻に安堵され、妻は足利義純に再嫁して義純が畠山氏を継承した事により、畠山氏 (平姓)は滅亡した。
- Shigetada's wife, a daughter of Tokimasa, was approved to inherit the Hatakeyama clan's territories, however, when she married Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA and he became head of the Hatakeyama clan, the Hatakeyama clan, as a branch of the Taira clan, came to an end.
- しかし、征夷政策の収束と共に10世紀頃から急速に城柵は廃れ、11世紀には史料上からも考古学的成果からも消滅する事が確認されている。
- But josaku went into a rapid decline since around the 10th century along with the end of the government's policy against barbarians, and by the 11th century, it had disappeared from historical documents as well as archeological records.
- また、安政以降改定がなされなかったため、最後の改訂から明治維新で地下という身分が消滅した時点までの当主が判らないという欠点もある。
- It also has the defect that because it was not revised after the Ansei era, it cannot identify the heads during the period from the last revision to the Meiji Restoration, when the status of Jige was discontinued.
- 一方明王朝の滅亡により本来的には夷狄であるはずの清王朝が中国を支配するという現実世界での華夷の逆転も「天下」概念に大きく影響した。
- The Qing Dynasty, which had been originally iteki (barbarians) for China, began to rule China after the fall of the Ming dynasty, and such reversal in the relation between the Chinese and barbarians in the real world also affected the notion of 'Tenka.'
- しかし、天文 (元号)20年(1551年)に大宮家は大内義隆に対する謀反の兵を挙げた陶隆房によって攻められて滅亡した(大寧寺の変)。
- In 1551, however, the Omiya family was attacked and destroyed by Takafusa SUE, who raised an army in rebellion against Yoshitaka OUCHI (an event known as the Taineiji Incident).
- 川越城将を勤め18万石を治めた大道寺政繁の次男大道寺重直が、北条氏滅亡後に加賀国前田氏を経て松平忠吉に2000石で仕えたのに始まる。
- After the fall of the Hojo clan, Shigenao DAIDOJI, the second son of Masashige DAIDOJI who worked as the top at Kawagoe-jo Castle and governed 180 thousand koku crop yields, served the Maeda clan of Kaga Province and then began to serve Tadayoshi MATSUDAIRA with two thousand Goku crop yields.
- 2006年(平成18年)1月1日に福知山市、天田郡夜久野町、加佐郡大江町 (京都府)と合併し消滅、町域は「福知山市三和町」となった。
- On January 1, 2006, Miwa-cho was dissolved as a result of the merger with Fukuchiyama City, Yakuno-cho from Amata-gun and Oe-cho from Kasa-gun (Kyoto Prefecture), and its town area was named 'Miwa-cho, Fukuchiyama City.'
- 「三職推任問題」での信長の対応をみて、朝廷側が、信長は朝廷を滅ぼす意思を持っているのではないかと考えたことを根拠の一つとして挙げる。
- One of grounds for this view is that the imperial court might consider that Nobunaga had an intention to overthrow the imperial court surmising from Nobunaga's response with respect to 'sanshokusuininnmonndai' (matters related to the Imperial Court's offer to Nobunaga to appoint him to Semi Daishogun, Daijo Daijin, or Kanpaku according to Nobunaga's wish).
- 前九年の役はその大半の期間において安倍氏が優勢に戦いを進めていたが、最終局面で清原氏を味方に付けた源頼義が安倍氏を滅ぼして終わった。
- The Abe clan maintained superiority during the most time of the Zenkunen War; however, at the final stage, MINAMOTO no Yoriyoshi won the Kiyohara clan over to his side and defeated the Abe clan, and thus the war ended.
- 頼朝は平家の滅亡後、源氏一門の多くを謀叛の罪として処刑し、吉見氏の祖である範頼もその例に漏れなかったが、子孫は源氏の名門として存続。
- After the fall of the Heike family, Yoritomo executed many members of the Minamoto families on charge of rebellion including Noriyori, the first head of the Yoshimi clan, but Noriyori's descendants managed to survive as a distinguished family of the Minamoto clan.
- 現在では東京に数名、関西には1名しかおらず絶滅寸前の職業とまで言われ、後継者の減少から伝承されてきた「お座敷芸」が失伝されつつある。
- Currently, this profession is said to be on the verge of extinction because there are few Hokan in Tokyo and only one in Kansai area, and 'party tricks' that have been handed down generations are being lost due to decrease of successors.
- しかし、第二次鉱毒調査委員会は、前述のとおり、予防令による工事で鉱毒は減少したとは結論づけたが、鉱毒が消滅したという調査結果はない。
- Although the second Research Committee of the Mining Pollution, as described above, concluded that the construction by the first measure decreased the mining pollution, there was no researching result to show they had stopped the pollution.
- 乙巳の変(いっしのへん・おっしのへん)は天智天皇、藤原鎌足らが宮中で蘇我入鹿を暗殺して蘇我氏(蘇我本宗家)を滅ぼした飛鳥時代の政変。
- The Isshi Incident was a coup which occurred during Asuka period when Emperor Tenchi and FUJIWARA no Kamatari assassinated SOGA no Iruka inside the Imperial Court, which led to the fall of the Soga clan (head family of the Soga clan).
- 1951年(昭和26年)3月1日 - 東宇治町が久世郡宇治町・槙島村・小倉村・大久保村と合併し、宇治市が発足、郡より離脱したため消滅。
- March 1, 1951: Higashi Uji Town joined with Uji Town and villages of Makishima, Ogura and Okubo of Kuse District to form Uji City while the Uji District disappeared since it separated from the district.
- 1575年(天正3年)、養母の直虎に育てられていた直親の遺児の井伊直政(後に徳川四天王の1人となる)は今川氏を滅ぼした徳川家康を頼る。
- In 1575, a bereaved child of Naochika, Naomasa II (later, he became one of Tokugawa-shitenno [four generals serving Tokugawa Ieyasu]) left Naotora, who was raising him as his foster mother, and relied on Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who conquered the Imagawa clan.
- (後、喜村山城他一連の城は滅亡し、一方、松山城は存続し繁栄したことから、後世において、史実が主従逆転し、錯誤して伝えられることになる。
- (Later, because Kimurayama-jo Castle and other related castles were destroyed and Matsuyama-jo Castle continued to exist and enjoyed prosperity, the historical fact was reversed and, as a consequence, incorrect history was passed down to future generations.
- なお、仏法の衰退と共に社会情勢の不安や天変地異も説く『法滅尽経』などもあるが、一般的にはこれは後世になって創作された偽経とされている。
- Although some sutras assert that the decline of Buddhism is accompanied by social unrest and natural catastrophe, such as 'Hometsujin-kyo Sutra' (Decline of the Law Sutra), it is generally believed that these are bogus sutras that were created in the later stages of history.
- 風にすぐ散ってしまう桜は不実だと言われていますが、一年のうち滅多に来ないあなたをもちゃんと待ってこのようにきれいに咲いているのですよ。
- Although cherry blossoms are said to be insincere as they are scattered by the wind in no time, they bloom beautifully waiting even for you, who comes so infrequently each year.
- 清水秀彦監督体制で迎えた2ndステージこそ勝ち越したが、横浜フリューゲルスの消滅でようやくJ1参入決定戦をまぬがれるという有様だった。
- The team entered the 2nd stage with the system of manager Hidehiko SHIMIZU and earned more wins than losses with great difficulties, but the result was that it was barely able to avoid the J1qualification tournament thanks to the dissolution of Yokohama Flugels.
- 1960年代に始まる圃場整備事業では、農地が30アール(30m x 100m)を基準に区画しなおされたため、多くの条里遺構が消滅した。
- In agricultural field improvement project that was started in the 1960s, farm lands were re-divided using 30 are (30m x 100m) as a unit, so many remains of jori were lost.
- そして、信玄没後の信長は室町幕府をはじめ、浅井氏や朝倉氏、伊勢長島や越前の一向一揆衆を次々と滅ぼして勢力を畿内・西国・北国に拡大する。
- After the death of Shingen, Nobunaga conquered provinces of various regions and other opposing power one after another including the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), the Azai clan, the Asakura clan, uprisings of Ikko sect of followers from Ise-Nagashima and Echizen Province; as the result, he expanded his power to provinces around the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto, Saigoku (western part of Japan [especially Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki]) and Hokkoku (the north western part of the main island of Japan).
- しかし、安芸武田氏9代武田信実の時代、1541年(天文_(元号)10年)6月に大内氏の命を受けた毛利元就によって銀山城は落城し滅亡した。
- However, in 1July 541 when Nobuzane Takeda was the ninth head of Aki-Takeda clan, Kanayama-jo Castle was ruined by Motonari MORI who was ordered to attack by the Ouchi clan, and the clan extinguished.
- さらに554年(欽明天皇15年)に新羅との戦で、聖明王が亡くなると新羅軍は勢いづき、562年(もしくは560年)に任那を滅ぼしてしまう。
- Furethremore, after the death of Sho myoo during the battle with Silla in 554, the Silla army gained its momentum and Mimana fell in 562 (or 560).
- 『日本現報善悪霊異記』では身分の低い僧を牙笏で打ち据えるような傲慢な人物として描かれており、そのために仏罰が下って滅ぼされたとしている。
- He was depicted as an arrogant person who hit low-ranking monks with a tusk scepter in 'Nihon genho zenaku ryoiki' (set of three books of Buddhist stories, written in the late 8th and early 9th century, usually referred to as the Nihon Ryouiki), and it is said that he was perished by Butsubachi (Buddha's punishment).
- 後白河法皇から守護地頭の設置を許可され、平家(平氏の中の伊勢平氏庶流の平清盛一族のこと)が壇ノ浦で滅亡した文治元年(1185年)とする。
- Another suggestion is that it started in 1185 when the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa allowed the establishment of Shugo and Jito (military governor and estate steward) and Heike (the family of TAIRA no Kiyomori, a collateral line of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) of the Taira clan) fell in Dan no ura.
- そのわずか3年後の1582年6月に光秀は本能寺の変を起こし一時天下人になるも、山崎の戦いにおいて豊臣秀吉に敗れ落命し、明智氏は滅亡する。
- In June 1582, only three years later, Mitsuhide caused the Honnoji Incident, and temporarily obtained the top position; however, he was defeated by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and died in the Battle of Yamazaki, leading to the downfall of the Akechi clan.
- 無常(むじょう、サンスクリットanitya)は、この現象世界のすべてのものは消滅して、とどまることなく常に変移しているということを指す。
- Mujo (anitya in Sanskrit) points out that all beings in the present world disintegrate and are in constant transition without being stationary.
- 1051年から1062年の前九年の役(奥州十二年合戦)で陸奥の安倍氏 (奥州)が滅亡し、出羽国の出羽清原氏が陸奥も支配することになった。
- As the result of Zenkunen War, (the Twelve-year War of Oshu) Abe clan of Mutsu Province (Oshu, the alternative name of Mutsu Province area) went to extinction, and Kiyohara clan of Dewa Province took control of both Dewa and Mutsu Provinces.
- しかし、1917年のロシア革命でロシア帝国が滅亡すると、協約はソビエト連邦政府によって破棄され、日本は中国権益の危機を迎えることとなる。
- But Japan came to face a crisis over her interests in China when the Russian Empire fell due to the Russian Revolution in 1917 and the Agreement was cancelled by the soviet Union government.
- 時宗の死後、御家人層の支持を持つ泰盛が幕政を主導して弘安徳政を開始するが、御内人の代表である内管領の平頼綱と対立し、霜月騒動で滅ぼされる。
- After Tokimune's death, Yasumori, who had the support of the gokenin, led the shogunate administration and initiated the Koan-tokusei (political reforms instituted in the Koan era); however, a dispute with Yoritsuna TAIRA (a head of the Tokuso family who was a representative of the miuchibito) led to him being overthrown in the Shimotsuki incident.
- 2004年(平成16年)4月1日 大宮町、峰山町、竹野郡網野町、丹後町、弥栄町、熊野郡久美浜町が合併・市制施行し京丹後市となり、中郡消滅。
- April 1, 2004: Omiya-cho, Mineyama-cho, Amino-cho in Takeno-gun, Tango-cho, Yasaka-cho and Kumihama-cho in Kumano-gun were merged to become Kyotango City by implementing the shisei (grant of city status); as a result, Naka-gun was dissolved.
- 結局、蘇我・物部両氏の対立は587年の丁未の役により、諸皇子を味方につけた蘇我馬子が、武力をもって物部守屋を滅亡させたことにより決着する。
- After all, the conflict between the Soga clan and the Mononobe clan was concluded by the Teibi War in 587 when SOGA no Umako, who gained adherents from some princes, destroyed MONONOBE no Moriya with military force.
- 通常葬儀は滅多に行われない上、親族が亡くなることを考えるのは縁起が悪いなどの理由もあって一般人はどうしていいのかよくわからないものである。
- Besides being rarely conducted, a funeral is not discussed as it is suggestive of bad luck of the family member's death, and so ordinary persons are at a loss as to what to do when the time comes for a funeral.
- 臨終の時に、まさに地獄に堕さんとした時、阿弥陀仏の十力威徳、光明神通、五分法身(ごぶほっしん)を聞いて、80億劫の生死の罪業を滅除される。
- At the time of death, the moment they are going to hell, they listen to jurikiitoku (dignity), koumeishintsu (light on everything, which can salvage people reciting sutra) and gobuhosshin (five steps for ascetic practice) of Amida Buddha, so, they are granted a pardon for their 800 million atrocious crimes.
- 末法思想とは、釈迦入滅後千年を正法、次の千年を像法とし、計二千年を経過した次の一万年を末法とする終末論とも言える思想で、中国から伝播した。
- Mappo-shiso was a end-of-the-world theory that originated in China and considered the thousand years after Shaka's death as Shobo, Age of the Right Dharma, the next thousand years as Zobo (Age of the Semblance Dharma) and the next 10,000 years after the two thousand years as 'the latter days of Buddhism' (Mappo).
- 改めて敵の一部を調略してから、信長が大軍を編成し攻め込んできた際に、その他の伊賀国の忍者集団は壊滅的な打撃を受けた(第二次天正伊賀の乱)。
- When Nobunaga schemed a conspiracy with a part of enemy and invaded again with a great army, the other groups of ninja in Iga Province suffered catastrophic damage (the second Tensho Iga War).
- この対立は文安1年(1444年)、文安の麹騒動という武力衝突にまで発展し、その結果、京都における麹屋という専門職は滅亡し、麹座も解散した。
- This conflict developed into the military conflict called the koji riot in the Bunan era in 1444, and as a result, the profession of supplying malt in Kyoto was extinguished and the koji-za (rice malt guild) was dismissed.
- 10月5日 (旧暦)に対馬、10月14日 (旧暦)に壱岐を襲撃し、平戸鷹島の松浦党の本拠を全滅させ、壱岐守護代の平景隆を自害に追い込んだ。
- They attacked Tsushima on October 5 and Iki on October 14 (both dates according to old lunar calendar), completely destroying the headquarters of the Matsuura Party (group of local warriors based in Matsuura area) in Taka-shima Island, Hirado, and drove Shugodai (Deputy Military Governor) of Iki Province TAIRA no Kagetaka to committing suicide.
- まず長宗我部隊が霧を隠れ蓑に藤堂高虎隊5,000を奇襲し、藤堂一族その他多数の首を獲ったが、幕府方の援軍に阻まれ、後退中に追撃を受け壊滅。
- To begin with, Chosokabe troop, covered by fog, made a surprise attack on Takatora TODO troop of 5,000 soldiers and cut off many heads of the Todo Family and others, however, they were blocked by auxiliary forces of the bakufu and destroyed by bakufu's chase when they were retreating.
- しかし、同時に長慶を文弱に走らせてしまったのも事実であり、そして長慶の死、その後の三好家内紛が政権滅亡へのとどめとなってしまったのである。
- However, this caused Nagayoshi to devote himself to literature, which led to the death of Nagayoshi, internal conflict within the Miyoshi clan, and eventually to the fall of the Miyoshi's government.
- だが、騎馬隊を巧に用いた戦略が功を奏し、その年の12月25日 (旧暦)(1338年1月16日)には、斯波家長を攻め滅ぼして鎌倉を占領した。
- But due to his clever strategy of using cavalry, he already defeated Ienaga SHIBA and occupied Kamakura on January 16, 1338 of the same year.
- 天智天皇は直系の大友皇子(弘文天皇)に皇位継承したが、それを不服とする大海人皇子が大規模な叛乱を起こし、弘文天皇を滅ぼして天武天皇となった。
- Emperor Tenji passed the Imperial throne to his direct line, Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun), however, Prince Oama, who was against it, caused a large dispute, and killed Emperor Kobun, and became Emperor Tenmu.
- しかし天正10年(1582年)6月、光秀は本能寺の変を起こして信長を殺し、自らも信長の家臣・羽柴秀吉(豊臣秀吉)に討たれ、明智氏は滅亡した。
- In June 1582 Mitsuhide caused the Honnoji Incident and killed Nobunaga, but was himself defeated by Nobunaga's vassal, Hideyoshi HASHIBA (Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI), a defeat which led to the demise of the Akechi clan.
- 宗祖の入滅後、六弟子の1人であった日興が本山大石寺(たいせきじ)を建てて「御開山」すなわち事実上の開山となり、その教義的方向性を決定づけた。
- After the founder passed away, Nikko, one of the Six Disciples, built and found Honzan Taiseki-ji Temple to be 'Gokaizan' (founding a temple) practically, and influenced the doctrine and absolute direction of the school.
- 彦根藩と高田藩が小瀬川であっさりと壊滅したが幕府歩兵隊と紀州藩兵が両藩に替わって戦闘に入ると幕府・紀州藩側が押し気味ながらも膠着状況に陥る。
- Although the Hikone clan and the Takada clan were destroyed instantly in Ozegawa, the bakufu's infantry and the army of the Kishu clan took over them to fight back, and the situation became a stalemate with a slight predominance of the bakufu and Kishu clan side.
- 戸主が死亡したことなどにより家督相続が開始されたにもかかわらず、家督相続人となる者がいないために、家が消滅することをいう(旧民法764条)。
- It indicates a household which is abolished because there is no successor after former head of the family died even though the process of succession of the family head position has began (the Old Civil Codes, Article 764).
- 8代執権北条時宗の死後、有力御家人の安達泰盛と、内管領の平頼綱が対立し、頼綱方の先制攻撃を受けた泰盛とその一族・与党が滅ぼされた事件である。
- After the death of the eighth regent Tokimune HOJO, the senior vassal Yasumori ADACHI and TAIRA no Yoritsune, Uchi-Kanrei (head of Tokuso Family [the patrimonial head of the main branch of the Hojo clan]) opposed each other and Yasumori, his family, and his party were destroyed in this incident in which Yoritsuna's party made the preemptive attack.
- これにより、物部弓削(もののべゆげ)、阿倍布勢(あべのふせ)、蘇我石川(そがのいしかわ)などの複姓は、これ以後原則として消滅することとなる。
- As a result, in principle, the compound surnames such as Mononobe Yuge, Abe no Fuse, and Soga no Ishikawa were to disappear after this edict.
- 220年の漢の滅亡から589年の隋の統一まで続いた魏晋南北朝時代でも、三国時代 (中国)の魏 (三国)など勢力のある国が官印を支給していた。
- During the period of Wei and Jin in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which continued from 220 when the Han Dynasty was overthrown to 589 when the Sui Dynasty unified China, the powerful nations such as Wei, which was one of the three nations in the Three Kingdoms period (of Chinese history), provided kanin.
- 景時滅亡後の正治3年(1201年)正月23日、景時が庇護して御家人となっていた城長茂が上洛し、大番役で在京していた小山朝政の宿所を襲撃する。
- On March 6, 1201 after the ruin of Kagetoki, Nagamochi JO, who became gokenin (vassal) under the protection of Kagetoki went to Kyoto, where he attacked the accommodation of Tomosama OYAMA who was staying in Kyoto as the guardian of Kyoto.
- とりわけ斯波高経は足利氏と同族で、鎌倉幕府を滅亡させた立役者である新田義貞を越前で討つなど活躍し、初期の室町幕府においては相当な勢力を持った。
- In particular, Takatsune SHIBA, who was in the same family as the Ashikaga clan, performed brilliantly and contributed to defeat Yoshisada NITTA in Echizen Province who was the central figure in the downfall of the Kamakura Bakufu, so that he gained tremendous power in the early Muromachi period.
- だが、鎌倉幕府が滅亡し、後醍醐天皇が京都に帰還すると、元弘3年5月17日 (旧暦)(1333年6月29日)に女院号を廃されて内親王に貶された。
- However, after the Kamakura bakufu collapsed and Emperor Godaigo returned to Kyoto, her title of nyoin was discarded and she was demoted to imperial princess on July 7, 1333.
- しかし、長棟の長男の長時の時代になると塩尻峠の戦いで信濃の領国化を目指す甲斐の武田信玄に大敗し、長時は信濃から追われて府中小笠原氏は滅亡する。
- However, in the period of Nagatoki, the eldest son of Nagamune, it was defeated by Shingen TAKEDA from Kai who was aiming to territorialize Shinano, at the Battle of Shiojiritoge, and Nagatoki was exiled from Shinano and the Fuchu-Ogasawara clan went to ruin.
- 流通分には、無上功徳の名号を受持せよとすすめ、時が流れ一切の法が滅しても、この経(『無量寿経』)だけは留めおいて人々を救いつづけると説かれる。
- In the epilogue, he states that they should keep chanting the name of the supreme efficacy; even when all the other laws have disappeared with the passing of time, this sutra (Muryoju-kyo Sutra) is sure to remain and keep working for the salvation of people.
- 3か月間フル稼働で毎週2-3本のプログラムを供給していたが、同年9月1日に起きた関東大震災で浅草を中心に興行ラインが壊滅、作品がストップした。
- Although the company fully operated to supply two or three films per week for three months after the reorganization, the Great Kanto Earthquake occurred on September 1 of the same year totally destroyed the business lines, particularly Asakusa, resulting in halting of the film production and distribution.
- 酒中に未分解の成分が多かったり、醪末期に急激に酵母が死滅してしまうと、酵母からよけいなアミノ酸が出ることによって、味切れが悪くなることがある。
- If sake contains too many undegraded ingredients or the yeasts has died abruptly at the last stage of sake mash, the yeasts gives off unfavorable amino acids making ajikire bad.
- これによって平安時代中期から培われた僧坊酒の伝統は衰滅していき、のちに寺そのものが再建されても、もはや醸造技術が寺院に復活することはなかった。
- This caused a decline in the tradition of Soboshu since the middle of the Heian period, and brewing techniques never revived even after temples themselves were revived.
- 上総武田家最後の当主・武田豊信は地元の伝承では信玄の三男・西保信之と同一人物とされ、甲斐武田氏滅亡後に弟の仁科盛信の家族を匿ったという説がある。
- According to local oral tradition, Toyonobu TAKEDA, the last head of the Kazusa-Takeda clan, was identified with Shingen's third son Nobuyuki SAIHO, and some people asserted that he sheltered his younger brother Morinobu NISHINA after the Kai-Takeda clan extinguished.
- これらが現在に続いていないのは、王族が滅亡したり、キリスト教に改宗することでそれぞれの神話を捨てたからであり、皇室のケースが特異なわけではない。
- There are not such Royal Families now because some died out or some let go of their mythologies converting to Christianity, not an unusual transformation for the Imperial Family Household.
- 彦島の平氏水軍を撃滅すべく、義経は摂津国の渡辺水軍、伊予国の河野水軍、紀伊国の熊野水軍などを味方につけて840艘(『吾妻鏡』)の水軍を編成する。
- Recognizing that he needed to destroy the Taira navy at Hikoshima, Yoshitsune managed to assemble a force of 840 ships (according to the 'Azuma kagami') by calling together support from his allies, including the Watanabe navy of Settsu Province, the Kawano navy of Iyo Province, and the Kumano navy of Kii Province.
- 大正まで一般的な酒米であったにもかかわらず、昭和における精米技術の劇的な変化や国情不安などによって、もはや「絶滅」してしまった酒米の種類も多い。
- Many varieties of sakamai that were typical sakamai until the Taisho period but were 'extinguished' due to the drastic change in rice-polishing technique and unstable conditions in Japan.
- 戦国時代 (日本)に入ると、作法を保持していた有力な守護大名・守護代が次々と滅び、江戸時代まで作法を継承できたのは島津氏と小笠原氏だけとなった。
- In the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan), dominant Shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) and Shugodai (the acting Military Governor) who were preserving Inuoumono manners perished one after another, and those who could maintain the manner even to the Edo period were only the Shimazu clan and the Ogasawara clan.
- 再び軍部の影響力が強まった1936年(昭和11年)に軍部大臣現役武官制は復活し、1945年(昭和20年)の終戦後、軍部大臣が消滅するまで続いた。
- When the military influence came back in full force in 1936, Gunbu Daijin Geneki Bukan sei was revived and continued until the Military Minister's role became extinct after the end of the World War II in 1945.
- 7世紀後半以降、百済の滅亡など緊迫する東アジアの国際情勢の中で、倭国は中央集権化を進めることで、政権を安定させ、国家としての独立を保とうとした。
- In and after the latter half of the seventh century, under the tense international circumstances in East Asia such as the fall of Baekje and so on, Wakoku (Japan) intended to stabilize the government and keep the independence as a nation by promoting the centralization.
- 1946年に連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の指令により遊郭は廃止され赤線に看板を変えるが、これも1958年売春防止法の施行によりいったんは消滅した。
- In 1946, yukaku were abolished by order of the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ) and red-light districts appeared instead, but Anti-Prostitution Law went into effect in 1958 and they also disappeared temporarily.
- だが、最末期には幕府自らが諸色(生活物資)の流通機構を半国営化する「諸色会所」構想を推進した(もっとも、江戸幕府の滅亡によって実現しなかった)。
- However, the bakufu itself promoted a concept of 'shoshiki-kaisho' (daily commodity kaisho) in order to establish semi-nationalized distribution system of shoshiki (daily commodities) in the very last years of the Edo period (although the concept was never put into practice due to the collapse of the Edo bakufu).
- 最後の当主9代武田元明は、朝倉氏によって一乗谷城居住を強いられていたが、1573年(天正元年)に織田信長によって朝倉氏が滅亡すると若狭に帰国した。
- The last head of the clan Motoaki TAKEDA was forced by the Asakura clan to live at Ichijodani-jo Castle, but he returned to Wakasa after the Asakura clan was ruined by Nobunaga ODA in 1573.
- 安徳天皇が退位しないまま、後鳥羽天皇が即位したため寿永2年(1183年)から平氏滅亡の文治元年(1185年)まで間、在位期間が2年間重複している。
- Because Emperor Go-Toba was enthroned before the abdication of Emperor Antoku, there was an overlapping period of two years in which there were two emperors (between 1183 and 1185), until the Taira clan disappeared.
- 戦国時代 (日本)後期、織田信長は足利義昭を将軍として上洛を行ったが、程なく信長と義昭の間に対立が生じ、その結果義昭は追放され室町幕府は滅亡した。
- During the late Sengoku period (Japan), Nobunaga ODA went to the capital (Kyoto), regarding Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA as the Shogun, but shortly afterward, he faced confrontation with Yoshiaki and as a result, Yoshiaki was expelled leading to the fall of the Muromachi shogunate.
- 江戸時代には隆盛を極め、幕府などにも献上された歴史を持っていたが、都市化、後継者不足、水質悪化、機械製麺の興盛などの影響により産地が消滅した地域。
- Areas which flourished during the Edo period having a history of presenting its somen to bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) but lost its somen industry later due to the urbanization, lack of successors, degradation of water quality, rise of machine-production of noodles, and so on.
- 宮廷での権力闘争に幻滅し、次第に外国勢力の力を借りてでも韓国の近代化を成し遂げようとする方向に傾いていきつつあった一部開化派の人々が設立した団体。
- It was an organization founded by a part of Kaika group which was tired of the struggle for power in the court and heading to the direction to accomplish the modernization of South Korea even if it needed foreign countries' supports.
- 天智天皇が近江大津宮に都を置いた西暦667年から、大友皇子(弘文天皇)が西暦672年の壬申の乱で滅亡するまでの期間を近江朝(おうみちょう)と言う。
- The Omi period refers to the period of time from 667 when Emperor Tenchi located the capital in the Imperial Palace Omi Otsu no Miya until 672 when Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) was destroyed in the Jinshin War.
- 長政は再三にわたる員昌からの物資補給の要請をすべて拒絶し、兵糧が残り少なくなった員昌はついに織田方に投降し浅井滅亡の流れを決定付けることとなった。
- Because Nagamasa rejected all of the repeated requests for supplies of goods from Kazumasa, Kazumasa's military provisions ran low and finally surrendered to Oda side, which determined the course of the collapse of the Azai clan.
- 以降、山本富士子は「山本富士子アワー」などのテレビドラマに主演して好評を得た後、舞台に進出し、五社協定が自然消滅した現在まで映画出演はしていない。
- Later, Fujiko YAMAMOTO gained popularity on television with drama series such as the 'Yamamoto Fujiko Hour' and later appeared at the theater, but she has not appeared in motion pictures even though the agreement among the film companies has expired.
- 西国各地を襲撃して朝廷に勲功評価の条件闘争を仕掛け、これを脅かしたが、平将門の乱を収拾して西国に軍事力を集中させた朝廷軍の追討を受けて滅ぼされた。
- Sumitomo made several attacks as a conditional strike for merits against the Imperial Court in several places in Saigoku (the western part of Japan), but he was defeated and killed by the Imperial army which was able to concentrate its military power in Saigoku after putting an end to the war against TAIRA no Masakado.
- 第二次世界大戦終戦により「統合を強要する圧力」が消滅したりするのに伴い、旧顕本法華宗、旧本門宗に属する本山、末寺には日蓮宗より独立するものもあった。
- After the end of World War II, 'the pressure which had forced the integration' disappeared, and some head temples and branch temples which belonged to the former Kenpon-hokke sect and the former the Honmon sect left the Nichiren sect to become independent temples.
- 有明海などにしか大規模に残っていない干潟に生息する魚介類の料理は、過去に岡山県の児島湾などの他の地域でもみられたのにすでに消滅してしまった例もある。
- Tideland fish and shellfish once existed in Kojima Bay, Okayama Prefecture and in other regions of Japan, but now their large-scale habitat exists only in the Sea of Ariake, so they are no longer used in local cuisine.
- 同年8月15日の鈴木内閣総辞職時には緊急時のこととて重臣会議は招集されず、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の進駐によって重臣会議の権限は消滅したとされる。
- On August 15th of the same year, at the time of the entire SUZUKI Cabinet resignation, a senior statesmen's conference was not held because it was considered an emergency, and it is assumed the occupation by the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ) ceased the authority of senior statesmen's conferences.
- やがて小栗は横山を滅ぼし、死後は一度死んで蘇生する英雄として美濃墨俣の正八幡(八幡神社 (大垣市墨俣町))に祀られ、照手姫も結びの神として祀られた。
- Oguri destroyed Yokoyama shortly, and after his death, Oguri was enshrined in Shohachiman in Sunomata, Mino Province (Hachiman-jinja Shrine in Sunomata-cho, Ogaki City) as a hero who revived after death, and the Princess Terute was also enshrined as a deity of romantic ties.
- 将門は関東を制圧して新皇と自称し関東に独立勢力圏を打ち立てようとするが、平貞盛、藤原秀郷ら追討軍の攻撃を受けて、新皇僭称後わずか2ヶ月で滅ぼされた。
- Masakado then conquered Kanto and tried to establish an independent state, calling himself Shinno (New Emperor), but, only two months later, he was attacked and killed by an army headed by TAIRA no Sadamori and FUJIWARA no Hidesato.
- 鎌倉時代後期に河内国で楠木正成らが挙兵すると、第9代宇都宮公綱は討伐軍に参加するが、幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇の建武の新政がはじまると雑訴決断所を務める。
- In the late Kamakura period, when commanders including Masashige KUSUNOKI raised his army in Kawachi Province, the ninth family head, Kintsuna UTSUNOMIYA joined the bakufu forces to subdue Masashige, but after the fall of the bakufu, he worked for Zasso-Ketsudansho (agency of Kenmu government to file lawsuits) when the Kenmu Restoration (the new government) led by Emperor Godaigo started.
- 滅亡の原因は、一般的に言われている氏真の「無能」ぶり以上に、父・義元の度重なる外征がもたらした領国内の疲弊が深刻であったため、と近年では言われている。
- It is said recently that the clan collapsed because the economy of the territories worsened due to frequent wars by his father Yoshimoto rather than because Ujimasa was 'incompetent' as was generally rumored.
- だが、翌1333年に後醍醐天皇側の反撃によって鎌倉幕府が滅亡すると、後醍醐天皇によって光厳天皇と康仁皇太子の否認(廃位、廃太子)が宣言されたのである。
- However on the following year, in 1333, after Kamakura bakufu died out after the attack of Emperor Godaigo's army, the Emperor announced the refusal to accept Emperor Kogon to succeed to the throne and Imperial Prince Yasuhito became Crown Prince.
- 『日本書紀』によるならば周知の事実として次期天皇は実力にも恵まれた大海人皇子と合意がなされていたが、反乱をおこした大友皇子を滅ぼした恰好となっている。
- According to 'Nihonshoki,' it was agreed that the powerful Prince Oama would be the next emperor, however, contrary to the paper, in fact Prince Oama ascended the throne after defeating Prince Otomo.
- 豊臣氏滅亡後の元和 (日本)3年(1617年)、定勝は伊勢国桑名藩6万石へ加増移封され、代わって摂津国高槻藩4万石の内藤信正が1万石加増の上で入った。
- In 1617, after the destruction of the Toyotomi clan, Sadakatsu was transferred to the Kuwana Domain in Ise Province, which had a greater yield than Fushimi of 60,000 koku; to replace Sadakatsu, Nobumasa NAITO of the Takatsuki Domain in Settsu Province was transferred to Fushimi, a territory that had a yield of 10,000 koku more than the 40,000-koku yield of Takatsuki.
- 蘇我氏は大王家(後の天皇家)を凌ぐ権勢を誇り、遂には自身が大王 (ヤマト王権)になろうとしたため、乙巳の変により滅ぼされたと『日本書紀』が伝えている。
- The Soga clan prided reins of power surpassing the great king (the Imperial Family in later years) and he even tried to become the great king (Yamato sovereignty, the ancient Japan sovereignty) so, according to 'Nihonshoki,' (Chronicles of Japan) he was destroyed in the Isshi no hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi).
- しかしこういった遺跡や住居跡などは平安時代初期にかけてまでしか見つかっておらず、こういった勢力は飛鳥時代の終わりごろに滅亡していったと考えられている。
- However, it is speculated that such powerful families perished around the end of the Asuka period, since only the remains of dwelling sites dating up to the Heian period were found.
- 特に天文学の地動説は仏教経典にある須弥山中心とする宇宙秩序に真っ向から反する考えであり、このような考えが広まれば仏教そのものが滅亡してしまうと考えた。
- He was particularly feared that spread of the Copernican theory might destroy Buddhism itself; the theory was directly opposed to the universal order described by Buddhist scriptures, saying that Mt. Sumeru (in Buddhism - said to be the highest mountain rising in the center of the world) was the center of it.
- もっとも、演じる噺によって使わない場合や、滅多に使わない落語家もいる。3代目桂春団治、2代目桂枝雀、桂三枝など大きな動きのある演目をする落語家など)。
- Some storytellers use a kendai only in certain routines and others rarely use it (like Harudanji KATSURA III, Shijaku KATSURA II and Sanshi KATSURA who gesticulate extensively during performance).
- その後戦況は一進一退を続けたが、天文4年(1536年)6月には細川軍の総攻撃が始まると、当時の後奈良天皇の日記にも「本願寺滅亡」と記されたほどである。
- After that, the situation of the war got better and worse, but in June, 1536, the Hosokawa army launched an all-out attack and the Hongan-ji Temple side was as ruined as written as 'Hongan-ji Temple was destroyed' in the diary of Emperor Gonara.
- さらに、頼朝より奥州藤原氏追討の院宣が願いだされてもこれを拒否し、頼朝が奥州藤原氏を滅ぼした事を知ると、事後承諾の形で奥州藤原氏追討の院宣を下している。
- Furthermore Goshirakawa refused to issue the command of retired emperor to kill the FUJIWARA clan in Oshu (Mutsu Province), which he was asked by Yoritomo, after knowing Yoritomo killed the FUJIWARA clan, he then issued the command as a post facto approval.
- そのため、有力な皇位継承資格者・山背大兄王(通説では聖徳太子の子)の存在が邪魔になり、643年11月、入鹿は斑鳩宮を襲い山背大兄王とその一族を滅ぼした。
- Since Iruka considered Prince Yamashiro no oe (it is said that he was a son of Prince Shotoku) a powerful candidate for succession to the Imperial Throne, as an obstacle, he launched an attack on Ikaruganomiya Palace and dethroned Prince Yamashiro no oe and his family in November, 643.
- 「天皇を現人神と仰ぎ奉り皇国を毒する内外一切の勢力を打滅せん事を期す」「大日本帝国憲法の復活」「核武装による皇軍再建」(大日本殉皇会・1961年設立)。
- We expect everyone to take the Emperor as Arahitogami and remove any power that damages our imperial nation whether it is from the inside or outside; restore the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and rebuild the imperial army with nucleus weapons' (Dai Nipppon Junkokai [Great Japan Die-for-the-Emperor Group] established in 1961).
- 応永の乱(おうえいのらん)は、室町時代の応永6年(1399年)に、守護大名の大内義弘が室町幕府に対して反乱を起こして堺市に篭城して滅ぼされた事件である。
- The Oei rebellion, which broke out in the sixth year of the Oei era (1399) during the Muromachi period, was a revolt against the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) led by the shugo daimyo (feudal lord) Yoshihiro OUCHI, in which he occupied the city of Sakai (modern-day Osaka) which was eventually brought to ruin.
- 菊池氏滅亡後、肥後国豪族米良氏が菊池能運の子菊池重次の末裔を名乗り江戸時代に交代寄合に列せられ、明治時代になって菊池姓への復帰を許され男爵になっている。
- After the the Kikuchi clan perished, the Mera clan, a local ruling family in Higo Province, proclaimed that the Mera clan was a descendant of Shigetsugu KIKUCHI, Yoshiyuki KIKUCHI's son, and was appointed to be a member of Kotaiyoriai (a alternate member of yoriai [the top decision making organ], a family status of samurai warriors in the Edo period) in the Edo period, and in the Meiji period, was allowed to use the family name 'Kikuchi,' was conferred the baronage.
- 鎌倉幕府が滅びると、江戸氏は南北朝時代 (日本)の騒乱において初め新田義貞に従って南朝 (日本)方につき、後に北朝 (日本)に帰順して鎌倉公方に仕えた。
- During the period of the Northern and Southern Courts following the fall of the Kamakura bakufu, the Edo clan took Yoshisada NITTA's side to support the Southern Court, but later switched to the Northern Court's side to serve Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of Kamakura Region).
- With the collapse of the Kamakura bakufu and the ensuing turmoil of the Northern and Southern Court Period, the Edo clan initially allied itself to the Southern Court serving Yoshisada NITTA, but later changed allegiances to the Northern Court and served as the Kamakura Kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region).
- さらに二箇相承は、上代には記録が無いため偽書であるとされているが、富士大石寺によると日蓮滅後27年目に六老僧の一人日頂の本尊抄得意抄添書があるとされる。
- Further, Nika Sojo are regarded as fake documents since there are no records in ancient times, but according to Fuji Taiseki-ji Temple, there is a document by Niccho, who was one of roku roso (the Six Senior Disciples of Nichiren), called Honzon Sho Tokui Sho Soegaki (The Covering Letter of 'Kanjin Honzon Sho' (the Spiritual Contemplation and the Most Venerable One)), written in the twenty-seventh year after Nichiren's death.
- しかし釈尊滅後、女性は成仏するのが難しいという思想が広まり、大乗仏教では、そういう女性蔑視の思想を否定しようとして変成男子の思想を示したとも考えられる。
- However, the idea of women's difficulty in attaining Buddhahood spread after Shakyamuni passed away, and the idea of Henjo Nanshi may be cited in Mahayana Buddhism to deny such misogyny.
- しかし、王政復古からまもないころであったから、公議所の公議人らは反対意見で、廃刀をもって武士の精神をなくし、皇国の元気を消滅させるものとして否決された。
- However, since it was not long before the imperial rule was restored, politicians in the lower house opposed this and the bill was voted down as banning of the wearing of swords would ruin the spirit of samurai and discourage the power of the imperial nation.
- 武田氏滅亡後、本能寺の変の混乱を経て甲斐国は徳川家康によって平定されるが、その折に武田家の旧臣達を配属されたのが徳川四天王にも数えられる井伊直政である。
- After Takeda clan ruined, Kai Province was conquered by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA by way of the disorder of Honnoji Incident, at the time, the old retainers of the Takeda Family were alloted to Naomasa II, counted one of the Tokugawa-shitenno (four generals serving Tokugawa Ieyasu).
- 幕末には箕作麟祥や栗本鋤雲ら開明派の幕臣がフランスのナポレオン法典(フランス民法典)を範にして求める事を提案したが江戸幕府の滅亡によって実現しなかった。
- In the late Edo period some of shougun's retainers of Kaimei-ha Group (a group of people who advocated enlightenment) including Rinsho MITSUKURI, Joun kURIMOTO and others proposed preparing Minpoten on a model of Code Napoleon (French Civil Code), but the proposal was not realized because of the downfall of the Edo bakufu.
- 万葉集には、「ささなみの 志賀の大曲 淀むとも 昔の人に またも逢はめやも」という柿本人麻呂が、滅亡後の近江大津宮へ訪れ、往事を偲んだ歌が残されている。
- In Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), KAKINOMOTO no Hitomaro left a poem in which he longed for the past when he visited the Palace after the fall of the capital: 'A cove in Shiga stagnates, yet, wish to see people in the past again.'
- 660年の百済滅亡と、663年の百済復興戦争(白村江の戦い)での敗北により、唐・新羅との対立関係が決定的に悪化し、倭国朝廷は深刻な国際的危機に直面した。
- Due to the fall of Baekche in 660 and Japan's defeat in the Baekche restoration war (the Battle of Hakusukinoe) in 663, antagonism with Tang and Silla worsened irrevocably and the Imperial Court of Japan faced a serious international crisis.
- 「韓国併合」というとき、大韓帝国が消滅し、朝鮮が日本の領土となった瞬間的事実だけではなく、併合の結果として朝鮮を領有した継続的事実を含意する場合もある。
- The annexation of Korea refers not only to the momentary fact that the Korean Empire disappeared and Korea became a Japanese territory, but also sometimes refers to the continuous fact that Korea had been occupied as a result of the annexation.
- 収容者に強制労働を強いたことに批判が集まったこと、1894年頃から徐々に強制労働的な受刑者の使役を廃止、1903年以降は監獄と名を改め発展的に消滅した。
- Due to mounting criticism of forcing hard labor on prisoners, forced labor was gradually abolished since around 1894, and Shujikan were renamed Kangoku and dissolved to form new facilities after 1903.
- が、これは大坂城主の豊臣宗家のみを指して「豊臣家」と呼ぶことが一般的であるためであり、豊臣氏全体が滅亡したという誤解を生じさせかねない不正確な表現である。
- However, this is because in general 'Toyotomi family' only refers to the head family of Toyotomi, the lord of Osaka-jo Castle, and, this is an inaccurate explanation that might lead to a misunderstanding that the whole Toyotomi clan was destroyed there.
- しかし、戦国大名による権力の一元化が進んだ戦国時代 (日本)になると在地の武士たちは城下町へ集住させられるようになり、堀之内・土居は次第に消滅していった。
- However, in the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan), when authority was unified by the influential daimyo (Japanese territorial lord), samurai who had lived in their own town were obliged to live in a group in a castle town established by their lord, with the result that Horinouchi and Doi were gradually extinguished.
- 仁左衛門歌舞伎によって、とりあえず滅亡の危機は脱したものの、昭和40年代から50年代にかけて、関西歌舞伎の不振は終焉が見えず、青息吐息の状態が続いていた。
- Although Kansai Kabuki emerged from the crisis of its collapse thanks to Nizaemon Kabuki, the end of the slump in Kansai Kabuki was not seen in the 1960s and 1970s and conditions of great distress continued.
- これらの作品群は、当時の日記や記録類にその斬新さを高く評価されており、現存していれば永徳の代表作となったであろうが、建物とともに障壁画も消滅してしまった。
- These works were highly acclaimed for their originality in the journals and records of the time, so they would be Eitoku's best works if they existed; however, these paintings were lost with the buildings.
- 五郎はお三輪に、「女悦べ。それでこそ天晴高家の北の方、命捨てたる故により、汝が思う御方の手柄となり入鹿を滅ぼす術の一つ、オゝ出かしたなあ。」と声をかける。
- Goro says to Omiwa, 'Be happy, woman. You deserve to be a wife in an honorable family because you, by giving up your life, will give your beloved man credit and a method of destroying Iruka. Good job.'
- 元来、琉球士族の間で密かに伝えられてきた唐手であるが、明治12年(1879年)、沖縄県の歴史琉球処分により琉球王国が滅亡すると、唐手も失伝の危機を迎えた。
- Traditionally, toudee was passed down in secret among the warrior class of the Ryukyu Kingdom, but upon the disappearance of the Kingdom based on the overthrow of the Ryukyu royal family in 1879, toudee too was in danger of disappearing.
- このような中で頼朝の妻・北条政子の実父である北条時政は、有力御家人である梶原景時や頼家の外戚である比企能員一族を滅ぼして、北条氏の地位を一段と高めてゆく。
- Under these circumstances, Tokimasa HOJO, who was the father of Masako HOJO, Yoritomo's wife, markedly strengthen the standing of the Hojo clan by destroying Kagetoki KAJIWARA, a senior vassal, and the family of Yoshikazu HIKI, Yoriie's maternal relative.
- 「江戸無血開城」に成功し、事実上幕府を滅亡させた新政府の東海道軍を率いる西郷隆盛は、旧幕府穏健派の勝海舟との関係から、彰義隊への対応の甘さが指摘されていた。
- Takamori SAIGO, the commander of the Tosando-gun army of the new government which successfully brought about the bloodless surrender and virtually abolished the Shogunate, was criticized for his leniency toward the Shogi-tai because of his relationship with Kaishu KATSU, a soft-liner from the former Shogunate.
- このため、足利義教の代に永享の乱を起こした第4代鎌倉公方・足利持氏を攻め滅ぼして一時直接統治を図るが失敗に終わり、持氏の子・足利成氏を新しい鎌倉公方とした。
- Consequently, in the era of Yoshinori ASHIKAGA the fourth Kamakura-kubo, Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, who raised the Eikyo Rebellion, was conquered and temporarily direct rule by the shogun was exercised but eventually failed; subsequently, Mochiuji's son Shigeuji ASHIKAGA was made the new Kamakura-kubo.
- 小田原の役で後北条氏の嫡流が滅亡すると、康広の子の小笠原長房 (旗本)は徳川家康の家臣となり、子孫は旗本として存続し、江戸時代の歴代の当主は縫殿寮を称した。
- After the main line of the Gohojo clan went to ruin at the Siege of Odawara, the son of Yasuhiro, Nagafusa OGASAWARA (hatamoto [direct retainer of the bakufu]) became a vassal of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and his descendants continued as hatamoto and its successive heads in the Edo period served as officials of Nuidono-ryo (Bureau of the Wardrobe and Court Ladies).
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡から南北朝分立に至る動乱と西園寺本家断絶の混乱の中で、西園寺家庶家の西園寺公良が宇和郡に入り、在地の土豪を支配下に組み入れて領国支配を開始する。
- Amid the agitated situation from the fall of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to the separation of the Northern and Southern Courts and the chaos caused by the discontinuance of the Saionji family, Kimiyoshi SAIONJI, of a branch family of the Saionji family entered Uwa Country, and put the local clans under his control then began to rule over the territory.
- 浄土真宗側ではこの裁定を下した江戸幕府が滅亡した事、そして何よりも既に約束の「3万日」が到来している事を理由に改めて「浄土真宗」の呼称を認めるように迫った。
- The Jodo Shinshu sect pressured the Meiji government to approve their use of the name 'Jodo Shinshu,' since the Edo bakufu which had prohibited them from using the name had fallen and the promised '30,000 days' had passed.
- 臨終の時に大乗十二部経の経題を聞いて、1000劫の極重悪業を除き、また阿弥陀の名号を唱えると50億劫の生死の罪業を滅除し、化仏の来迎を受けて浄土へ往生する。
- At the time of death, they listen to Kyodai (title of Buddhist scriptures) of Mahayana Buddhism Junibu-kyo (the Twelve Divisions of Scriptures) to expiate their 1000 heinous crimes and call upon myogo (name) of Amida to be granted pardon for their 500 million atrocious crimes, and then, meet Kebutsu (incarnation of Buddha) and go to the Pure Land.
- 中世前期まで戦場での主要な戦闘法であったが、南北朝時代 (日本)頃から弓射の主体は歩兵となり、騎兵も下馬して射るようになったため、騎射戦闘は消滅していった。
- Kisha was a major fighting style on the battlefield until early medieval times, but foot soldiers came to play a major role of Yumiire since around the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) and horse soldiers also learned to shoot alighting from horses, so that the fighting style of Kisha had disappeared.
- 我々の心性(しんしょう)は、現実には無明(むみょう)に覆われ、妄念にとらわれているから不覚であるが、この無明が止滅して妄念を離れた状態が「覚」であるという。
- In reality, human nature is blunder (fukaku) because it is covered with avidya (mumyo) and trapped by illusions; when blunder and illusion disappear, the state of 'Kaku (awakening)' remains.
- また、この三筆の時代に特筆すべき能書として最澄がおり、嵯峨天皇の宸翰に最澄の入滅をなげき悲しんだ草書体の『宸翰哭澄上人詩』(こくちょうしょうにんし)がある。
- In this era of san-pitsu, Saicho should be listed as an especially excellent calligrapher as well, and 'shinkan-kokuchoshoninshi' (a poem of regretting the death of Saicho, written by the emperor himself) that Emperor Saga wrote regretting the death of Saicho in the sosho-tai (cursive style writing) style remains.
- この時点で大和の天誅組は壊滅しており、挙兵中止も議論され、平野は中止を主張するが、天誅組の復讐をすべしとの河上ら強硬派が勝ち、挙兵は決行されることになった。
- The Tenchugumi in Yamato was annihilated by then and some argued to give up, but while Hirano insisted to postpone, the hard-liners like Kawakami, who wanted to take revenge for the Tenchugumi, won the argument and it was decided to raise an army.
- 後醍醐天皇や楠木正成は、朱子学の熱心な信奉者と思われ、鎌倉滅亡から建武の新政にかけてのかれらの行動原理は、朱子学に基づいていると思われる箇所がいくつもある。
- It seems Emperor Godaigo and Masashige KUSUNOKI were keen followers of Neo-Confucianism, and there are several points that point to the fact that their principle of behavior from the fall of Kamakura to Kenmu Restoration might be based on Neo-Confucianism.
- また、前述のように足利尊氏が室町幕府成立のきっかけとなる院宣を受け取った場所でもあるため幕末の歴史家頼山陽は“足利(室町幕府)は鞆で興り鞆で滅びた”と喩えた。
- Further, as shown above, taking into consideration that Tomo is the place where Takauji ASHIKAGA received the decree which lead to the establishment of the Muromachi bakufu, Sanyo Rai as a historian in the end of Edo period thus remarked: 'Ashikaga (Muromachi bakufu) came to power in Tomo and got overthrown in Tomo.'
- 賠償金は1912年に清朝が滅亡した後も、清朝を引き継いだ国家とみなされた中華民国にそのまま負わされ、中央政権が軟弱な基盤しか持ちえなかった理由の一つとなった。
- Even after the Qing dynasty perished, the reparations were succeeded by the Republic of China because it was considered to be a nation that succeeded the Qing dynasty, and that was one of reasons that the central government had weak foundations.
- 天智天皇(後の天智天皇)らが蘇我入鹿を暗殺し蘇我氏本宗家を滅ぼした乙巳の変(いっしのへん)の後に行われたとされる(この暗殺事件を大化の改新と呼ぶこともある)。
- It is said they have been carried out after Isshi-no-hen (the Murder in the Year of Issi (one of the 60 Oriental Zodiacs)) where Emperor Tenchi (latter-day Emperor Tenchi) assassinated SOGA no Iruka and destroyed the head family of Soga clan (this assassination case is sometimes referred to as the Taika Reforms).
- その一方で、多くの兵力を派遣していたため信長周辺の軍勢は手薄であり、武田家滅亡後は天下統一目前という開放的な雰囲気で、畿内では信長、家康とも小勢で移動していた。
- Under such situations, as a large military force was dispatched, troops around Nobunaga were not many and Nobunaga and Ieyasu moved around with a small military force in Kinai in an open atmosphere under just before unification of the whole country especially after downfall of the Takeda clan.
- 武重が関東で戦っているころ、京都を追われた尊氏が九州に逃れ少弐貞経の子の少弐頼尚が尊氏を下関市に迎えに出た隙に、武重の弟菊池武敏は大宰府の貞経を攻めて滅ぼした。
- When Takeshige was fitting in Kanto region, Takeshige's younger brother, Taketoshi KIKUCHIT attacked Sadatsune SHONI at Dazaifu (local government office in Kyushu region) and killed him, while Sadatsune's son, Yorinao SHONI, was in present Shimonoseki City to meet Takauji, who fled from Kyoto and sought refuge in Kyushu.
- その後、仏教の可否を巡る争いは物部尾輿・蘇我稲目の子供達(物部守屋と蘇我馬子)の代にまで持ち越され、用明天皇の後継者を巡る争いで物部守屋が滅亡されるまで続いた。
- The dispute over the pros and cons of Buddhism was continued by MONONOBE no Okoshi and SOGA no Iname's children (MONONOBE no Moriya and SOGA no Umako) and lasted until MONONOBE no Moriya was killed in the conflict concerning Emperor Yomei's successor.
- 織田信長、豊臣秀吉といった乱世を生き抜いた権力者の意向に敏感に応え、多くの障壁画を描いたが、これら障壁画は建物とともに消滅し、現存する永徳の作品は比較的少ない。
- Although he created numbers of screen paintings in strict compliance with the plans of the men in power who had survived wild times--including Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI--these paintings were lost with the buildings, so relatively few of Eitoku's works remain in existence.
- 翌年に一如入滅によって工事は一時中断するが、1701年(元禄14年)、東本願寺第16世真如は一周忌厳修の後に工事を再開、この年に祖墳の改葬を行われ、本堂が完成。
- In the following year, construction was interrupted by the nirvana of Ichinyo, but in 1701 Shinnyo, the sixteenth head priest of the Higashi Hongan-ji Temple, restarted the construction after the stately ceremony on first anniversary of his death, and relocated the founder's grave and completed the construction of the main hall.
- よく用いられる製法は、醗酵が進み日本酒度が-5程度になったところでアルコール添加を行ない、これによって一気にアルコール濃度を強めて酵母を衰滅させ、醗酵を止める。
- A popular method is to add alcohol when the sake meter value reaches -5, and by so doing the proof becomes high instantly to decrease yeast cells and to stop the fermentation.
- 日本側は、朝廷の徴税能力が衰え、使節供応と回賜のための経費が重荷となった後は、使節来朝を12年に1度にするなどの制限を加えたが、その交流は渤海滅亡まで継続した。
- After tax collection capability by the Imperial Court diminished and the expenses for entertaining the envoy and kaishi became burden, Japan side added the limitations to have the envoy's visit once in 12 years, but the exchange had continued until the fall of Bo Hai.
- 社長には共同運輸側の森岡昌純が就任するなど、発足当初こそ共同運輸色が濃いものとなったが、やがては三菱系の社員が台頭し、名実ともに共同運輸は消滅することとなった。
- Also, Masazumi MORIOKA from Kyodo Unyu became the president of this new company, and thus the company seems to have been on the Kyodo Unyu side at the beginning, however, Mitusbishi employees gained power, causing Kyodo Unyu to disappear both notionally and substantially.
- そして、大東亜戦争(太平洋戦争)においてその動きは最高潮に達し、「神州不滅」の主張の元に玉砕・神風特攻隊・本土決戦などが横行して多くの人命が失われる結果となった。
- The movement reached it's pinnacle in the Greater East Asia (Asian) War (the Pacific War), it caused the death of many people from Kamikaze suicide attacks (suicide corps), homeland defense war (the Hondo Kessen) under the belief of 'Shinshu Fumetsu' (the Immortal Divine Land).
- 在位4年目(645年)に中大兄皇子が蘇我蝦夷・入鹿親子を滅ぼす(乙巳の変・大化の改新)と、皇極天皇は同母弟の軽皇子(後の孝徳天皇)に皇位を譲った(史上初の譲位)。
- In the fourth year of her reign (645), Naka no Oe no Oji killed SOGA no Emishi and his son Iruka (Isshi no hen [the Murder in the Year of Isshi], Taika no Kaishin [Great Reformation of the Taika Era]) and Empress Kogyoku handed the Imperial throne over to Prince Karu, her younger maternal half-brother (later, Emperor Kotoku) (this was the first abdication of the throne in history).
- なお、「そん」で統一されている県は少なく、鳥取県・岡山県・徳島県・宮崎県・沖縄県のみである(かつては山口県も「そん」で統一されていたが、合併により村が消滅した)。
- Few prefectures read their villages as 'son': only Tottori prefecture, Okayama prefecture, Tokushima prefecture, Miyazaki prefecture and Okinawa prefecture (In Yamaguchi prefecture, villages used to be read as 'son' but these villages were united into one town and now there disappeared a village).
- 弘安の役においても、当時の日本が知り得なかった江南軍壊滅の理由を台風や熱帯低気圧の影響としながらも、博多沖の東路軍は、それとは違った理由で壊滅したという説もある。
- Also in Koan no Eki, what had destroyed the Southern Yangtze Army, which Japan could not know then, is said to have been a typhoon or tropical cyclone, but there is a theory that the Eastern Route Army staying offshore near Hakata perished due to a different reason.
- 東アジア各国で制度としての律令制が崩壊・消滅してしまった後も、法典としての律令法は多かれ少なかれ変質しながらも存続していき、法令としての効力をある程度保っていた。
- Even after the collapse or the discontinuation of the Luli as a ruling and administrative system among each of the Eastern Asian countries, the codes of Luli as a law code remained by altering its form and application to some extent, and kept its force as a law.
- 中国でも周辺の東アジア諸国でも、10世紀以後、上記のような律令制は死滅もしくは形骸化したが、その後も法形態としての律令は、中国や日本やベトナムなどで存続し続けた。
- Both in China and its East Asian neighbors, the Ritsuryo system as described above disappeared or became a dead letter after the 10th century, but even after that period, it continued as a form of law in China, Japan, and Vietnam.
- 百万塔 陀羅尼(ひゃくまんとう だらに)とは、日本の奈良時代に、鎮護国家と滅罪を祈願するために、100万の小塔に陀羅尼を納めて、仏教寺院に奉納された陀羅尼である。
- Hyakumanto Darani is the collection of Dharanis that was dedicated to Buddhist temples by way of being placed in one million mini pagodas during the Nara period for the protection of the nation as well as for repentance.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡から建武の新政を経る頃には、国氏の孫である今川範国が子達を率いて足利尊氏の北朝に属し、各地で戦功を挙げた事により駿河国・遠江国2ヶ国の守護に任ぜられた。
- When the Kenmu Restoration occurred after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu, Norikuni IMAGAWA, a grandson of Kuniuji, and his sons sided with the Northern Court of Takauji ASHIKAGA and distinguished themselves on the fields of battles and were appointed to shugo (military governors) of two provinces: Suruga and Totomi.
- 1333年(正慶2/元弘3)に元弘の変の後に鎌倉幕府が滅亡すると京都へ戻り、建武の新政から南北朝時代となっても後醍醐方に属して吉野へ随行し、東寺長者、大僧正となる。
- When the Kamakura Shogunate was subverted after the Genko Incident in 1333, he went back to Kyoto, and he also moved to Yoshino in attendance of Godaigo and became Chief Abbot of To-ji Temple and daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order).
- 沿岸部の岩礁地帯の植物が死滅して、焼いたサザエの殻のように、水面下の岩についた貝等の屍骸で磯全体が広範囲にわたって白く焼けたように見えることから、この呼び名がある。
- When vegetations are wiped out in the rocky areas along the shore, a wide area of rocky shore will look ash white as roasted turban shell and, hence, this term 'isoyake' which means 'shore-burning.'
- また、そうした源氏嫡流という概念の役目も江戸幕府の終焉、民法による近代法に基づく氏の概念に再編する過程を経ることによって源氏嫡流という概念の役目も消滅するに至った。
- Also, the role of this concept of the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan disappeared with the demise of the Edo bakufu and through the process of restructuring the concept of family names based on the modern law of the Civil Code.
- 最近は絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の国際取引に関する条約(ワシントン条約)により象牙の入手が困難のため高騰してはいるが、代用樹脂は学校教育用などに限られている。
- Although the price of ivory has soared recently because of unavailability caused by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (Washington Convention), substitute plastic is being used only for the products for school educational purpose.
- 天平宝字8年(764年)、孝謙上皇と対立した最高実力者・藤原仲麻呂が反乱を起こす(藤原仲麻呂の乱)と上皇は仲麻呂の専制に不満を持つ貴族たちを結集して仲麻呂を滅ばした。
- FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, who was the most influential figure in the world of politics, came into collision with the Retired Empress Koken and in 764 he raised a rebellion (Rebellion of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro); thereupon the Retired Empress gathered the court nobles who had discontent in the autocracy of Nakamaro and destroyed him.
- 1457年(長禄元年)には、嘉吉の乱で没落した赤松氏の遺臣が長禄の変で神璽(勾玉)を奪い返し後南朝を殲滅する奮闘をしたので、翌年には三種の神器は北朝の手中に揃っている。
- In 1457 after the Choroku Incident occurred when Akamatsu clan's remaining aides, who lost in battle during the Kakitsu War, took away the sacred jewel (Shinji, Magatama) and fought against the Second Southern Court to exterminate them, during the following year the three sacred jewels were handed over to the Northern Court.
- 重次は慶長5年(1600年)の関ヶ原の戦いにおいて西軍に味方し、丹後田辺城(舞鶴城)の城攻戦総大将となるが、本戦で西軍が壊滅すると東軍の細川忠興の追討を受けて自害した。
- Shigetsugu was on the side of the western army in the Sekigahara Battle in 1600, and became a commander in chief after conquering the Tanabe-jo Castle in Tango (Maizuru-jo Castle), but when the western army was completely defeated in the main battle, he was tracked down by Tadaoki HOSOKAWA of the eastern army, and killed himself.
- そうして得た悟りから連想される般若を以て諸行無常の十二因縁を明らかにし、次いで因縁を滅ぼして苦しみの六道を解脱して涅槃に至り、その後に一切の衆生を導くことを目的とする。
- Its purpose is to clear the juni-innen (the 12 nidanas (continuum of twelve phases that lead to suffering)) of Shogyo Mujo (All things must pass) with the wisdom (prajna in Sanskrit) evoked by the enlightenment gained through the above process, to reach nirvana after diminishing the nidanas and being liberated from earthly desires and the woes of man, and to lead all living things finally.
- だが、資力不足から計画は挫折し、更に主導的な立場にあった慶滋保胤が寛和2年(986年)に出家して、俗界の行事であった勧学会から離脱した事から自然消滅したと見られている。
- However, the plan was in limbo due to a lack of funds, and since YOSHISHIGE no Yasutane, who was in the position of being leader of the plan, became a priest in 986 and left Kangakue due to its being an event for the common people, the plan itself seemed to have naturally disappeared as a result.
- そして且元退去にあわせるように家康が大坂の陣を起こし、翌年には豊臣氏を滅ぼしたのを見てもわかるように、豊臣氏は且元という最後の柱石を自ら砕き、自爆してしまったのである。
- Proven by the fact that Ieyasu waged the Siege of Osaka immediately after Katsumoto's departure from the Toyotomi camp, as if he had been waiting for this to happen, the Toyotomi had in fact brought destruction on itself by pulling out their last pillar of strength and hope.
- 同時代の顧炎武は明の滅亡は「亡国」であるが「亡天下」ではなく、夷狄の王朝である清が皇帝となっても、中華の文明が維持される限り天下は継続するものであるという考えを述べた。
- Ko Enbu of the same era expressed his opinion saying that the fall of Ming is 'bokoku' (fall of the state), not 'botenka' (fall of Tenka), and Tenka continues to exist, so long as the Chinese cultures are maintained, even the Qing dynasty, a dynasty of iteki, becomes the ruler.
- しかし、その栄光も長くは続かず、正慶2年(1333年)には後醍醐側勢力が巻き返すと鎌倉幕府はあえなく滅亡し、後伏見上皇と光厳天皇もまた後醍醐天皇によってすぐに廃立された。
- That glory didn't last long, the Kamakura bakufu collapsed after the force of Emperor Godaigo made a comeback in 1333, soon after this, the throne of the Retired Emperor Gofushimi and Emperor Kogon was abolished by Emperor Godaigo.
- 丹後国は元々一色氏が守護を務める国であったが、天正7年(1579年)、細川幽斎は明智光秀とともに反信長連合の一角だった一色氏らを滅ぼし丹後国・丹波国を制圧し功績を挙げた。
- Tango Province was originally a province where the Isshiki clan controlled as Shugo; military governor, but in 1579 Yusai HOSOKAWA together with Mitsuhide AKECHI defeated a member group of the anti-Nobunaga alliance including the Isshiki clan to conquer Tango and Tanba Provinces.
- また、両書には「元々小国だった日本が倭国を併合した」という内容の記述もあり、これは天武天皇が弘文天皇の近江朝廷を滅亡させた壬申の乱を表していると一般的には理解されている。
- Both books mentioned that 'Nippon, which used to be a small country, annexed Wakoku' and this description is generally considered to be the reference to the Jinshin War, in which Emperor Tenmu ruined the Omi Dynasty of the Emperor Kobun.
- 通説では、当時最新兵器であった鉄砲を3000丁も用意、さらに新戦法の三段撃ちを実行した織田軍を前に、当時最強と呼ばれた武田の騎馬隊は成すすべも無く殲滅させられたとされる。
- A standard theory is that Takeda's cavalry which was regarded as the most powerful at that time was overwhelmingly defeated by the Oda forces which were equipped with 3,000 then state-of-art teppo (matchlock guns), and which employed a new tactics of 'sandan-uchi' (in which the gunners were arranged in three lines).
- 周辺市町村は渡良瀬川改修群馬期成同盟会を沿岸鉱毒対策委員会と名称変更して鉱毒反対運動を続け、1953年、鉱害根絶同盟会は官製の対策委員会に吸収される形でいったん消滅した。
- The towns and villages of the neighboring area changed the name of the Watarase-gawa River Improvement Committee in Gunma to the River Bank Mining Pollution Committee and continued the movement against the mining pollution; and in 1953 the Association of Mining Pollution Eradication temporally disappeared since it have been merged into the official committee the government had established.
- 柴五郎らもその辺の温度差を敏感に感じ取っており、柴は董福祥の甘軍は真剣に包囲殲滅を目指しているが、栄禄直轄の部隊は銃撃するものの突撃などは少なかったと解放後に述べている。
- Goro SHIBA also felt those differences in opinion in the surrounding area, and stated after the release that 甘軍 of Gansu Province seriously considered terminating the siege, and the division under the direct control of Ronglu shot but made very few attacks.
- 1355年(文和四年/正平十年)諏訪氏・仁科氏など信濃の宮方勢力を結集し、信濃守護小笠原長基と桔梗ヶ原で決戦に及ぶが敗れて、以後は大河原に籠り壊滅した信濃の宮方再建を図る。
- In 1355 he gathered the army from Shinano Southern Court forces, such as the Suwa clan, the Nishina clan and battled the Military governor of Shinano Province, Nagamoto OGASAWARA at Kikyogahara, however he lost the battle, and returned to Okawara and remained there, to restore the destroyed Southern Court forces in Shinano.
- そのような中で筒井氏の当主となった筒井順興は英明で、大和国人衆の一人として興福寺に属しながら宿敵・越智氏を討ち滅ぼして勢力を拡大し、筒井氏を大和の戦国大名としてのし上げた。
- Junko TSUTSUI, who became the head of the Tsutsui clan in the chaotic situation, demonstrated his ability very well and destroyed the longtime foe the Ochi clan while serving Kofuku-ji Temple as one of Kokujinshu (local governors) of Yamato, and he extended influence to establish the clan as one of powerful Sengoku daimyo of Yamato.
- 宗厳は戦国時代に、松永久秀に仕えたが、その久秀が織田信長と争って滅亡し、さらに豊臣秀吉の太閤検地によって隠田の罪で2000石の所領を没収されるなど、次第に落ちぶれていった。
- Munetoshi served Hisahide MATSUNAGA in the Sengoku period, however his clan gradually dwindled as his master Hisahide was destroyed by Nobunaga ODA, and he forfeited 2,000 koku (360.78 cubic meters of rice) of his territory on charge of hiding rice fields when Taiko Kenchi (Hideyoshi Toyotomi's nationwide land survey) was held.
- 涅槃会(ねはんえ)は、涅槃講や涅槃忌とも称し、陰暦2月15日 (旧暦)、釈迦の入滅(にゅうめつ)の日に、日本や中国などで勤修される、釈迦の遺徳追慕と報恩のための法要である。
- Nehan-e, also referred to as Nehan-ko or Nehan-ki, is a Buddhist memorial service practiced in Japan and China on February 15 in the Chinese lunar calendar, the day when Shakyamuni entered Nirvana (died), to remember the illustrious memory of Shakamuni and repayment of a kindness.
- 清風入滅の後、講の運営に対する僧侶の関与や現世利益の強調・本門法華宗との関係のあり方など多くの論争を生み、その中から大日本獅子吼会や日蓮主義佛立講などの分派を生んでいった。
- After the death of Seifu there were many debates concerning the interference by monks due to the management of Ko and Genseriyaku, and this gave birth to branch schools such as Dainihon Shishikukai and Nichiren shugi (doctrine) Butsuryu-ko.
- 元木泰雄京都大学大学院教授は、多田行綱の戦功が『吾妻鏡』にない理由は、平氏滅亡後の文治元年(1185年)に行綱が頼朝の怒りを受けて所領を没収されたためであろうと述べている。
- Yasuo MOTOKI, a professor in the Graduate School of Kyoto University, proposed that the reason why war merito of Yukitsuna TADA is not in 'Azuma Kagami' is his territories were seized because Yoritomo became angry with him after the fall of the Heike (Taira clan) family (in 1185).
- 経清もまた安倍氏の滅亡の際に頼義に囚われ斬首されたが、その妻(つまり頼時の娘)は頼義の3倍の兵力を率いて参戦した戦勝の立役者である清原武則の長男・武貞に再嫁することとなった。
- Tsunekiyo was also captured and decapitated by Yoriyoshi when the Abe clan was destroyed, but his wife (that is, a daughter of Yoritoki) remarried KIYOHARA no Takesada, the first son of KIYOHARA no Takenori who had joined the war with three times as much military power as Yoriyoshi's and so immensely contributed to Yoriyoshi's victory.
- 本文はわずかだが、その分注には『百済三書』を引用し、壬午年に新羅征討に遣わされた「沙至比跪(さちひく)」なる人物が美女に心を奪われ、誤って加羅を滅ぼすという逸話が紹介される。
- There is a little description of him in it, but quoting from the 'three books of Paekche' (Original Records of Paekche, Records of Paekche, and The New Selection of Paeche), the note introduces a legend of a man named 'Hisachiku' was sent to Shiragi seito (expedition to Shirai) for a battle in the year of Jingo but lost his heart to a beauty and caused Kara to fall.
- 釈迦仏の入滅後の末世において、悪比丘が横行し戒律を破り、「如来は無常なり」などという誤解を生じさせんがために、戒律の必要性を説き仏性の常住を説いたのが『涅槃経』であるという。
- In masse, the period after Sakya-muni Buddha's death, bad Biku (Buddhist priests) may become rampant, break religious precepts, and mislead people saying that 'Nyorai (Tathagata) is impermanent,' so to prevent it, 'Nehan-gyo' preaches the demand of the precepts and eternity of bussho.
- 『鸚鵡籠中記』を書いた尾張藩士の朝日重章は、魚釣りや投網打を好み、綱吉の死とともに禁令が消滅するまでのあいだだけでも、禁を犯して76回も漁場へ通いつめ、「殺生」を重ねていた。
- According to the diary of Shigeaki ASAHI, a feudal retainer of Owari domain, he was fond of fishing and in the short period until the law was abolished on Tsunayoshi's death, he broke the ban and went to fishing sites as many as 76 times.
- 流行していた阿片を撲滅すべく、阿片吸引を免許制とし、また阿片を専売制にして段階的に税を上げ、また新規の阿片免許を発行しないことで阿片を追放することにも成功した(阿片漸禁策)。
- In order to eliminate opium that was prevailing at that time, the government introduced a licensing system for smoking opium and a monopoly of opium to gradually increase the tax and to stop the issue of new licenses for opium, thus succeeding to get rid of opium from Taiwan (Policy to phase out opium).
- このため、この地域における旗本は、関ヶ原の戦い前後から大坂の陣による豊臣家滅亡前後まで、徳川家が勢力拡大及び地域安定化のために地生えの武家勢力・豪商などを取り立てた例が多い。
- Therefore, many of the Hatamoto in this area were local samurai or wealthy merchants picked by the Tokugawa family to expand its power and to stabilize the state of the area from around the Battle of Sekigahara to around the downfall of the Toyotomi family by The Siege of Osaka.
- しかし、江戸時代にはいって、荘園が取上げられ寺請制度の一翼を担わなかったこともあって、衰退がすすみ、明治時代にはいると大きな勢力を誇っていた子院の東南院 (奈良市)も滅んだ。
- However, during the Edo period, Todai-ji Temple declined even further since the bakufu deprived the Temple of its manors, and the Temple was not integrated into the bakufu system of governance using temples, subsequently in the Meiji period, Tonan-in Temple, an influential branch temple (in Nara City) was ruined.
- また宝治合戦で有力御家人の三浦氏を滅ぼし、摂家将軍で反得宗勢力の支持を集めていた5代将軍藤原頼嗣を廃立し、1252年、新たに宗尊親王を6代将軍に迎えた(宮将軍または皇族将軍)。
- At the Battle of Hoji, he destroyed the Miura clan (who were a powerful gokenin) and removed Yoritsugu FUJIWARA (the fifth shogun), who had gained support from the anti-Tokuso forces, from his position as sekke shogun; in 1252, he invited Imperial Prince Munetaka to become the sixth shogun (Munetaka held the title of miyashogun, which literally means 'shogun from the Imperial Court,' or kozoku shogun, which literally means 'shogun from the Imperial family').
- 武田家を滅ぼした先勝祝いの席で光秀が「これでわしらも骨を折ったかいがあった」と言ったのを信長が聞き咎め「おまえごときが何をしたのだ」と殴り足蹴にされて恨んだ(『祖父物語』)など
- In the victory celebration for the battle in which the Takeda clan was destructed, Mitsuhide told, 'It makes all our efforts worthwhile.' and Nobunaga questioned what Mitsuhide said and hit and kicked Mitsuhide saying 'What you did for this result!' and Mitsuhide resented this ('Sofu Monogatari').
- 能運は戦いに勝利したものの、戦傷がもとでわずか23歳で死亡し、以後菊池氏の家督は庶流から排出されるようになり、菊池氏家督は阿蘇氏や大友氏に横取りされ、こうして菊池氏は滅亡した。
- Although Yoshiyuki won the battle, he died of wounds at the age of only 23, and after that, the family head of the Kikuchi clan came to be taken over by the heirs produced from branch families, and finally the Kikuchi clan was snatched its family estate by the Aso clan and the Otomo clan, and the the Kikuchi clan was died out.
- なお、日蓮の滅後、門弟間において、この本門をどう解釈するかで議論が起こり、本迹に勝劣なく一致すると主張した一致派と、本門が勝れ迹門が劣る(本勝迹劣)を主張した勝劣派に分かれた。
- In addition, a dispute over the interpretation of this Honmon arose among the disciples of Nichiren after his death, and they were divided into Icchi school, which advocated that neither Honmon or Shakumon is better than the other, and into Shoretsu school, which advocated that Honmon is better than Shakumon (Honsho Jakuretsu).
- 頼綱が有力御家人の安達泰盛を霜月騒動で滅ぼして恐怖政治を敷いたり、北条高時の時代に長崎高綱(円喜)・長崎高資父子が専横を極めたように、内管領には執権や得宗を凌駕する者も現れた。
- There appeared some Uchi-kanrei whose political power overshadowed the regents and the Tokuso family; for example, Yoritsuna destroyed Yasumori ADACHI, a senior vassal, in the Shimotsuki Incident and unleashed a reign of terror, or Takatsuna (Enki) NAGASAKI and his son Takasuke NAGASAKI ruled with tyranny in the time of Takatoki HOJO.
- ただし、律令制の死滅は、律令もしくは律令法の死滅を必ずしも意味していないので、律令の名目上の完全な終焉時期も重要であるが、制度としての律令制が崩壊したことに注意する必要がある。
- The extinction of the Ritsuryo system does not necessarily mean the extinction of the Ritsuryo codes or Ritsuryo law and, although the time when the Ritsuryo ceased to exist in name is also important, it should be noted that it was the system based on the Ritsuryo that collapsed.
- 鎌倉幕府が六波羅に六波羅探題を設置したのも、平家滅亡後に、京都における北条氏の邸宅が置かれていたこともあるが、検断権を巡る検非違使との直接的な衝突を避けたことも理由に挙げられる。
- This was because the Kamakura bakufu established the Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency) in Rokuhara and because the Kyoto residence of the Hojo clan was established after the defeat of the Taira clan, but the avoidance of direct conflict with kebiishi over the right to judge criminal cases is also given as a reason.
- その後、観応の擾乱が勃発すると直義方に属し、同じく奥州管領で尊氏方に与した畠山国氏 (奥州管領)を攻め滅ぼすが、その隙に勢力を伸張してきた南朝の北畠顕信に多賀城を攻め落とされる。
- Later, when the Kanno Disturbance broke out, Sadaie supported Tadayoshi side and conquered Oshu Kanrei (Shogunal deputy of the northern regions) Kuniuji HATAKEYAMA who took part in Takauji side, but Taga-jo Castle was attacked and defeated by Akinobu KITABATAKE of the Southern Court, who extended his power during the opportunity.
- 起源は、釈迦の入滅後、悲しんだ弟子たちが遺体を守りながら夜通し説法を行ったという故事によるのが通説だが、『古事記』に記された天若日子(あめのわかひこ)の葬送を起源とする説もある。
- The origin of tsuya is commonly believed to stem from the story that when Buddha died, the disciples of Buddha read his teachings throughout the night in grief while protecting his body, although there is another view that it originated from the funeral of Ameno Wakahiko, which is depicted in the Kojiki, a record of ancient matters.
- 江戸時代の記録より、琵琶平家琵琶などで好んで語られるのは50句程度であったものと推定されることから、愛好家にとっては、滅多に聴けない句を聴くことのできる、またとない機会となった。
- A record from the Edo period states that such performances provided a golden opportunity for lovers of the tale, because the number of favored phrases most Biwa Hoshi narrated in Heike Biwa was estimated at about 50.
- このような一連の動きを受けて、光紹は、1988年(昭和63年)2月29日、真宗大谷派の規則変更により消滅させられた本願寺の法統を継承するとして、東本願寺第25世法主の継承を宣言。
- Reflecting on these circumstances, Kosho declared on February 29, 1988 that he would succeed as the 25th Hossu of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple, saying that he would inherit the tradition of Buddhism belonging to Hongan-ji Temple which had been made defunct due to changes in the rules of Shinshu sect Otani school.
- また、この有明海沿岸は諫早湾干拓問題で大きく揺れた地域であり、事業開始直後は水質の汚濁などによって海苔の生産量や品質に大きく影響を与え、とりわけ長崎県の産地は壊滅的打撃を受けた。
- Additionally, the coastal area along the Ariake Sea was where the problem of draining Isahaya Bay arose, when, just after the operation begun, the water contamination strongly influenced the production volume and quality of nori there, and in particular devastated the production area in Nagasaki Prefecture.
- 中院流の四度加行の過程を記せば、十八道の正行に入るためには、懺悔滅罪のための行として108遍(もしくは21遍)の礼拝(らいはい)をして、読経・真言念誦をする礼拝加行(加行)を行う。
- The Shidokegyo of the Chuin school requires the start of Sho-gyo discipline in the Juhachi-do with worship repeated 108 times (or 21 times) as practice to repent and seek forgiveness of sins and later by raihai-kegyo (kegyo) of chanting the sutra and the mantra.
- 敵(清朝兵:加筆者)ノ死屍七八百ハ砲台内ニ横タワレリト云フ」(大沽砲台の攻防についての日本軍の批評)とあるように、訓練不足のため近代兵器を活用できず、暴発などで自滅した例も有った。
- Seven hundred dead bodies of the enemy (Qing dynasty army, improved by a writer) were said to be lying around' (the review of Japanese army concerning offense and defensive battle of Taku Fort); they were not able to utilize modern weapons due to lack of training and destroyed themselves with explosions in some cases.
- その支配体制は富樫氏滅亡以前である文明年間末期の段階において室町幕府が守護に対して下す奉行人奉書などの命令書が富樫政親ではなく直接蓮綱・蓮悟あてに送付されていることからでも分かる。
- This ruling system can be seen in the fact that the orders such as bugyonin hosho (magistrate orders) given from the Muromachi bakufu to provincial governors in the late Bunmei Era when the Togashi clan still existed, were not sent to Masachika TOGASHI but sent directly to Renko and Rengo.
- 1911年(明治44年)、小学校の歴史教科書に鎌倉幕府滅亡以後の時代を「南北朝時代」とする記述があった点が、南朝と北朝を対等に扱っているとして帝国議会で問題とされた(南北朝正閏論)。
- In 1911 there was an issue raised in the Imperial Diet concerning the description of the post Kamakura shogunate era called 'the period of the Northern and Souther Courts,' because it was said that both Courts were treated equally.
- 一方特産品の藍染め品や藍染品などのさまざまな農産品を生産し、それらを扱う商いのまちとして栄えてきた福知山は、後継者不足などの問題によりそれらの産業は衰退しほぼ完全に消滅してしまった。
- On the other hand, while Fukuchiyama used to flourish in the production of specialty goods and various agricultural products such as indigo-dyeing, such industries have declined over time due to a shortage of successors and have disappeared almost completely.
- 昭和時代初期まで新潟県の酒米として代表的な品種であり、昭和初期の同地方の鑑評会の記録には男性的な亀の尾と対比をなす女性的な白藤の評価が多く残されたが、1930年代にいったん絶滅した。
- It was a representative variety of sakamai of Niigata Prefecture until the beginning of the Showa period, and the record of Kanpyokai in this district at the beginning of the Showa period recorded an evaluation of Shirafuji that is feminine in comparison with Kame no o, which was masculine, but it became extinct once in the 1930s.
- またその他、河内守護家畠山氏や管領家細川氏では守護代による主君廃立がたびたび行われ、陶晴賢による大内義隆の追放・討滅、武田信玄による父武田信虎の追放なども主君押込めの一例とされている。
- In addition to these examples, there were frequently cases, such as the Protector family of Kawachi Province and the Hosokawa clan, who held the position of Kanrei, where deputy Protectors (shugo) drove their lords from power and replaced them; other cases of shukun oshikome include when Harukata SUE engineered the banishment and annihilation of Yoshitaka OUCHI, and when Shingen TAKEDA brought about the exile of his own father, Nobutora TAKEDA.
- 書名は、その内容が親鸞滅後の浄土真宗の教団内に湧き上がった異議異端を嘆いたものであり、序文冒頭に「歎異先師口傳之眞信」(先師の口伝の真信に異なることを歎き)とあることからこう呼ばれる。
- The title of this book originated from that the writer had written his grief about difficulties and division arose in the Jodo-shin sect after Shiran's death, and he had written also in the opening of the preface as 'grieving over the difference from the truth of his master's kuden (oral instruction).'
- 1689年(元禄2年)に、安楽院の霊空が『闢邪篇』(へきじゃへん)を著して批判し、輪王寺宮に上書したことで、典籍が没収され焚書にあい、玄旨帰命壇はついに禁断とされて絶滅したといわれる。
- Since Reiku of Anraku-in Temple criticized it in his book 'Hekijahen' and provided to Rinojinomiya, the book is said have been forfeited and burned, and the prohibition gradually lead to Genshi Kimyo-dan finally becoming extinct.
- 伊勢平氏が壇ノ浦の戦いで滅亡した元暦2年・寿永4年(1185年)に、信濃国を知行国とした源頼朝によって遠光は信濃守に任ぜられたが、長清はこの地盤を受け継ぎ、小笠原氏は信濃に土着してゆく。
- In 1185, the year of the fall of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) at the Battle of Dan no ura, Tomitsu was assigned to serve as Shinano no kami (governor of Shinano Province) by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who made Shinano Province as proprietary province, then Nagakiyo succeeded the area and the Ogasawara clan settled in Shinano.
- その子貞義は元弘3年(1333年)、後醍醐天皇方の勢力討滅の命を帯びて上洛途上の足利尊氏が三河国に逗留した際、貞義は「天皇について鎌倉幕府打倒のために立ち上がるべきである」と強硬に進言。
- In 1333, Sadayoshi, child of Mitsuuji strongly proposed Takauji ASHIKAGA, who was sojourning in Mikawa Province on the way the Kyoto, on the mission destroying the power of the Emperor Godaigo's side, 'be the side of the Emperor, and stand up for defeating the Kamakura bakufu.'
- 現存する上座部の名称は、部派仏教の説一切有部の一派がほかの部派の消滅に伴い、大乗仏教に対立する意味で「上座部」を再度名乗ったことに起源があり、根本分裂のころの上座部とは違うとされている。
- It is said that the current name 'Theravada' stems from the fact that, as other sects of Nikaya Buddhism disappeared, a sect of Setsuissaiubu in Nikaya Buddhism renamed themselves 'Theravada' to signify that they were against Mahayana Buddhism, and that the current Theravada is different from the one at the time of the fundamental schism.
- 一方、織田信長の比叡山焼き討ち (1571年)や石山本願寺攻撃に代表されるように、この時代の支配者たちは、それまでさまざまな意味で強い力を持っていた寺院勢力を恐れ、執拗に殲滅していった。
- On the other hand, as represented by the fire attack against Mt. Hiei (1571) and the attack against Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple by Nobunaga ODA, the rulers in this age were afraid of the temples which had had strong power in various meanings, and exterminated them persistently.
- 昭和25年(1950年)6月朝鮮戦争が勃発し、日本に特需景気をもたらし始めると、密造酒の撲滅のためにその機会を狙っていた政府は、同年12月、明治時代前期はじめて全酒類の減税に踏み切った。
- When the Korean War began in June, 1950 and brought a special procurement boom to Japan, the government, who aimed to have a chance to eliminate illegal liquors, decreased the tax of all liquors for the first time since the early Meiji period in December of the same year, 1950.
- 隆元の没後はその子の毛利輝元(54代)を後見しつつ、1566年、仇敵の尼子氏を滅ぼして、中国地方(安芸・周防国・長門国・備中国・備後国・因幡国・伯耆国・出雲国・隠岐国・石見国)を領有した。
- After Takamoto died, Motonari not only acted as the guardian of his grandson, Terumoto MORI (the 54th), but also possessed the Chugoku region (the provinces of Aki, Suo, Nagato, Bicchu, Bingo, Inaba, Hoki, Izumo, Oki, and Iwami), after destroying the clan's enemy, the Amago clan.
- 平家が滅亡した後、平家の数少ない生き残りで、京の大原に隠棲した建礼門院(平徳子)が、慰めのために持ち寄られた地元の漬物を気に入り、紫葉の入った漬物、「紫葉漬け」と名付けたという伝承がある。
- There is an legend that, after the Taira clan was destroyed, Kenreimonin (TAIRA no Tokuko), one of the few survivors of the Taira clan, having secluded herself in Ohara, Kyoto, liked the local Tsukemono brought for her comfort, and named the Tsukemono with perilla 'Shibazuke.'
- インドでは紀元前2000年ごろにできたヴェーダ聖典に出ているバラモン教の儀礼で、仏教には釈尊入滅約500年後に発生した大乗仏教の成立の過程でバラモン教から取り入れられた、と考えられている。
- It is a Brahmanic ritual, described in the holy writings of Vedas, which began around 2000 BC in India and it is considered to have been adopted into Buddhism during the process of Mahayana Buddhism's coming into existence approximately 500 years after the death of Shakyamuni.
- 第一代天皇とされる神武によって滅ぼされた大和(倭国)の王、ナガスネ彦が殺され兄の安日彦(アビ彦)が東北に逃れ連合体として東北王朝を築き、ナガスネ彦を祀ったのが「蔵王権現」の発祥とみられる。
- The origin of 'Zao Gongen' is appeared that the Emperor Jinmu, considered as the first emperor, subverted Yamato (Wakoku) and Nagasune-hiko, the king of Yamato, was killed then Abi-hiko, his brother, escaped to Tohoku to establish the Tohoku Dynasty and enshrine Nagasune-hiko.
- 一部の急進派は長野県北相木村出身の菊池貫平を筆頭とし、さらに農民を駆り出して十石峠経由で信州方面に進出したが、その一隊も11月9日には佐久郡東馬流(現小海町)で鎮台兵の攻撃を受け壊滅した。
- Some radicals led by Kanpei KIKUCHI from Kitaaiki-mura Village in Nagano Prefecture, together with peasants, advanced to Shinshu area via Toishi Pass; however, the troop was also destroyed by the attacks of the Chindai Army in Higashimanagashi in Saku County (now Koumimachi) on November 9.
- 奴隷としての賤民は早い時代に消滅したが、被差別階級としての賤民(いわゆる“穢多”“非人”)が中世の頃から顕著に見られ始め、近世を通じて存続し、明治4年(1871年)の解放令まで残っていた。
- Senmin as a slave disappeared in an early period, but Senmin as a discriminated class (so-called 'Eta' [one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system, people whose work usually involved handling human bodies or animal carcasses] and 'Hinin' [one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system, often ex-convicts or vagrants]) started appearing obviously in the medieval period, survived throughout the early-modern times, and existed until Kaiho Rei (Emancipation Edict) was promulgated in 1871.
- 滅多は「多くの物が無くなる」即ち見当が付かない事を指し、鱈(タラ)は鱈腹(たらふく)の鱈で多いと言う意味があり、矢鱈は「たくさんの矢を放つ」という意味にもとれ、語源が弓矢にある事を窺わせる。
- The word metta means 'many things disappear,' that is, having no clue, the word tara means plenty as the word tarafuku shows, and the word yatara can be understood as 'shooting many arrows,' which indicates that the origin of the word is in Yumiya.
- 刹那無常とは、現象は一刹那一瞬に生滅するこというすがたを指し、相続無常とは、人が死んだり、草木が枯れたり、水が蒸発したりするような生滅の過程のすがたを見る場合を指していうと、説明されている。
- Momentary impermanence pointed out the form of one disappearing as setsuna (a moment or instant) and instance, and continuous impermanence indicated the life and death processes of humans dying, plants withering, and water evaporating.
- とくにテレビ放送創生期に放送された「番頭はんと丁稚どん」が人気を博し、当時は丁稚・小僧の制度が消滅していたことも関連して、この様な奉公人をさすことばとして丁稚が全国的に通用するようになった。
- Banto and Decchi', which was televised in the early stage of TV broadcasting, became popular and the term, decchi became known nationwide as such a servant when the decchi or kozo system had already disappeared.
- だが、1928年に茶話会が無所属派と組んで同和会を結成し、同年に公正会も幸倶楽部内にあった事務所を引き払うと、自然消滅することとなり、交友倶楽部なども参加した昭和倶楽部がその役割を継承した。
- However, when the Tea Party group formed Dowa-kai group with maverick in 1928 and Kosei-kai group pulled up its office from the Saiwai-club building in the same year, Saiwai-club went into liquidation and Showa-club group, which Koyu-club group joined, succeeded the role.
- ヤマト王権は694年に行政が常駐する都(藤原京)を建設し、701年に大宝律令を制定して官僚組織を整備しているが、これに必要とされた多くの人材は、滅亡した九州王朝の官僚を再雇用したものである。
- When the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code) was established and a bureaucratic organization was organized in 701 after the construction of the capital (Fujiara-kyo), where administration resided by Yamato kingship in 694, many officials from the officials of the Kyushu dynasty were re-employed for required positions.
- 1333年(元弘3)に後醍醐天皇の討幕運動から元弘の乱が起こり、足利尊氏らが鎌倉幕府を滅亡させるが、毛利時親は幕府から離反しており、後醍醐天皇により開始された建武の新政からも距離を置いている。
- Caused by the Emperor Godaiko's anti-shogunate movement, the Genko War started in 1333 which Takauji ASHIKAGA destroyed the Kamakura bakufu; by this time, however, Tokichika MORI had already defected from the bakufu and did not participate in the Kenmu no Shinsei (The new government of the Emperor Godaigo).
- しかし伏見城は豊臣氏滅亡後からは重要拠点としてみなされなくなり、信正が元和5年(1619年)7月に大坂城代として転出すると、伏見藩は廃藩となり、伏見城は伏見奉行の管轄化に置かれることとなった。
- After the demise of the Toyotomi family, however, Fushimi-jo castle was no longer deemed to be an important base, and following the transfer of the castle-keeper, Nobumasa, to Osaka-jo castle in July 1619, the Fushimi Domain was abolished, and the Castle came under the control of the shogunate administrator in Fushimi.
- とくに承和元年(834年)12月から入滅までの3ヶ月間は、後七日御修法が申請から10日間で許可されその10日後には修法、また年分度者を獲得し金剛峯寺を定額寺とするなど、密度の濃い活動を行った。
- In particular, in the three months between January of 835 until his death, his activities were very aggressive as in the following: Practicing the Goshichinichi-mishiho was permitted only 10 days after the application, in 10 day after it, Shuho was actually practiced, acquired nenbundo-sha, and obtained the status of a Jogaku-ji temple for Kongobu-ji Temple.
- 外部からの侵略に対しては結束して戦い、織田信長が伊賀国を支配するために送り込んだ築城奉行・滝川雄利を追放、その報復として攻め込んできた織田信雄の軍も彼らは壊滅させている(第一次天正伊賀の乱)。
- They united and fought against invasion from outside, when Nobunaga ODA sent Katsutoshi TAKIGAWA, a Chikujo Bugyo (magistrate of building a castle), Katsutoshi TAKIGAWA to control Iga Province, they dismissed him, and also eliminated Nobukatsu ODA's army who invaded in retribution (the first Tensho Iga War).
- 同一の王権が大規模な対外戦争を継続しつつ倭(日本)による朝鮮半島への進出は、366年に百済と同盟してから663年の白村江での唐・新羅との戦いを経て668年の高句麗の滅亡までの303年間である。
- While a war against foreign countries under the same royal throne continued, the ingression by Wa (Japan) to the Korean Peninsula continued 303 years, from the alliance with Kudara in 366 until the destruction of Goguryeo (kingdom of Korea) in 668 through the battle against Tang-Silla at Baekgang in 663.
- 吉良氏は「足利将軍家が滅んだ後は吉良氏が将軍職に」と定められた将軍継承権を有する家であったが、斯波氏も鎌倉時代以降、足利の名字を有し続け、幕府にて高い格式を誇り、引け目はないと主張したのである。
- Although the Kira clan had the succession right determining that 'the Kira clan will become Shogun after Ashikaga Shogun Family falls,' Nobunaga insisted that the Shiba clan was equally high in status in Bakufu, maintaining the family name of Ashikaga after the Kamakura period.
- 旧皇族との関連で言えば、準則は、伏見宮系の皇族を皇位継承者として確保することよりも、むしろ邦家親王の子孫からこれ以上宮家・皇族が増加することを抑制し、将来的には自然消滅に導くことを志向していた。
- Regarding the former Imperial Family, the purpose of the regulation was to prevent increasing the numbers of Miyake and prevent Imperial Family members spreading from among the Imperial Prince's descendants and to let it die out in the future accordingly, not to keep the Imperial succession from the Fushiminomiya line.
- 尚歯会そのものは僅かの期間で消滅したが、その思想や遺志は江川や川路などの幸運にも生き残ったメンバーによって伝えられ、幕末の日本において勝海舟や佐久間象山など進歩派に大きな影響を及ぼすことになる。
- Although Shoshikai itself lasted only for a short period of time, their thoughts and last wishes were taken over by the rest of the members, who survived fortunately such as Egawa or Kawaji, gave impacts on members of a reformist group including Kaishu KATSU or Shozan Sakuma.
- 寄せ集めの軍勢である豊臣方は緊密な連絡を取ることができず、後藤基次隊2,800は単独で小松山に進出してしまい、伊達政宗、水野勝成ら2万以上の敵勢に集中攻撃を受け、奮戦するも壊滅、基次は討死した。
- The Toyotomi side was a jumble of army forces and unable to have close contacts; Mototsugu GOTO troop of 2,800 soldiers advanced to Komatsuyama in its single troop, which was given a concentrated attack by troops of more than 20,000 soldiers of Masamune DATE, Katsunari MIZUNO and others and the troop fought hard only to be destroyed and Mototsugu was killed.
- 19時40分、三上少尉が連隊長官舎に駆け込み大滝平で後藤伍長を発見したことと雪中行軍が「全滅の模様」であること、2時間の捜索で「救助隊60余名中、約半数が凍傷で行動不可」となったことを知らせた。
- At 19:40, Junior Lieutenant Mikami ran into the official residence of regiment officers and informed them that they had found Corporal Goto near Otakidaira, all of the marching troop seem to be dead, and that about the half of 60 people of the rescue team had become incapacitated due to frostbite.
- 平安時代~室町時代のものは、薄葬によって位置を特定することが困難なものや陵が置かれた寺院が廃滅したことによって所在が不明になってしまったものなどが多く、ますます歴史学的・考古学的信頼度は低下する。
- The locations of many of the mausoleums built from the Heian to the Muromachi period are difficult to identify due to simplified burial styles, or are unknown due to temple closures, further reducing the historical and archaeological reliability of identification.
- それについて曹洞宗の道元は、『正法眼蔵』の「発菩提心」巻で、悟りを求める意志も、悟りを開こうとするのもその無常性を前にするからであり、常に変化するからこそ、悪が消滅し、善が生まれるのであると説く。
- In response to this, Dogen, a priest in the Soto sect, preached in 'Shobogenzo' and 'Hotsubodaishin' (Awakening the Mind of Enlightenment) works that the meaning of seeking enlightenment practicing meditation puts such impermanence first, and because it is always changing, the bad is extinguished and good is born.
- 真田隊を壊滅させた松平忠直の越前勢が一番乗りを果たしたのを始めとして徳川方が城内に続々と乱入し、遂には大坂城本丸内部で内通者によって放たれた火の手が天守にも上がり、5月7日深夜に大坂城は陥落した。
- Starting with the first invasion of the Echizen troop of Tadanao MATSUDAIRA that destroyed the Sanada troop, the Tokugawa army entered the Castle in a stream; the fire set in the inside of the Honmaru by betrayers reached the castle keep leading the fall of Osaka Castle at midnight of May 7 (the old calendar).
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後は、後醍醐天皇の時代には親王任国となっていたため、後の後村上天皇となる義良親王が陸奥国府に入り、北畠顕家が陸奥大介鎮守府大将軍を務め、東北勢を率いて足利尊氏の勢力と大戦を繰り返した。
- Imperial Prince Norinaga, who became the Emperor Gomurakami later, entered Mutsu kokufu, the provincial capital of Mutsu Province, which had become shinno ninkoku (the province whose gubernatorial posts were reserved as sinecures for imperial princes) in the time of Emperor Godaigo after the downfall of Kamakura bakufu, and Akiie KITABATAKE, as Mutsu Osuke (Assistant Governor of Mutsu Province) and Chinju-fu daishogun, had mighty battles against the force of Takauji ASHIKAGA leading the force of Tohoku (north) region.
- しかし、駿河忠長が改易(後の自害)、館林綱吉が5代将軍となり、甲府綱豊が6代将軍(家宣と改名)として徳川宗家に戻り、これらの徳川家が消滅したため、尾張・紀州・水戸の三家を御三家と呼ぶことが定着した。
- But when Tadanaga SURUGA was dismissed from the position and later killed himself, Tsunayoshi TATEBAYASHI became the fifth shogun, and Tsunatoyo KOFU, who was later renamed to Ienobu, became the sixth shogun and returned to the Tokugawa head family, these Tokugawa families died out and the Owari, Kishu and Mito families came to be commonly called Gosanke.
- 本願寺は依然として雑賀衆などの支援を集めつつ強勢を保ったが、次第に敵中に孤立していき、1580年、ついに正親町天皇の勅命を引き出した信長に屈して石山本願寺を退去し、領主権力としての本願寺は消滅した。
- Hongan-ji Temple retained its predominance by gaining support from Saikashu, but gradually it was isolated in the midst of enemies, ultimately succumbing to Nobunaga, who withdrew imperial command from the Emperor Ogimachi and left Ishiyama Honganji Temple in 1580, whereby Hongan-ji Temple as seigniory was extinguished.
- 建武の新政(けんむのしんせい)は、鎌倉幕府滅亡後の1333年(元弘3年/正慶2年)6月に後醍醐天皇が「親政」(天皇がみずから行う政治)を開始した事により成立した政権及びその新政策(「新政」)である。
- The Kenmu Restoration (kenmu no shinsei) refers to the period of direct Imperial rule (where the Emperor personally controls the government) initiated by Emperor Godaigo in the sixth month of 1333, as the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) collapsed; it can also refer to the administrative unit of Imperial rule.
- 鎌倉幕府の滅亡後も、旧北条氏の守護国を中心に各地で反乱が起こっており、7月 (旧暦)には信濃国で高時の遺児である北条時行と、その叔父北条泰家が挙兵して鎌倉を占領し直義らが追われる中先代の乱が起こる。
- Even after the collapse of the Kamakura bakufu, several provinces, especially those for which the Hojo clan formerly held the governorships, arose in counter-rebellion, and in the seventh (lunar) month, in Shinano Province (modern-day Nagano Pref.), Tokiyuki HOJO, the orphan of Takatoki HOJO, and his uncle Yasuie HOJO raised an army and captured Kamakura; Tadayoshi and the others were driven out, and the Nakasendai rebellion (so named because it took place between the old regime, the Hojo, and the new, the Ashikaga) began.
- また、宝暦6年(1756年)以後には5割以下の不作となった地域に対しても免除されたが、基本的には江戸幕府滅亡後の明治5年(1872年)の廃止までの182年にわたって元禄7年の制がそのまま維持された。
- After 1756, the districts with poor crop yields below 50% were also exempt, but in principle this tax system of 1694 had survived for 182 years into the Meiji Period, until it was abolished in 1872.
- 過大な財政負担を懸念しての慟哭であったろうが、後に、京都守護職の任務によって尊皇派の恨みを買った会津藩は戊辰戦争で最後まで抵抗せざるを得なくなり、藩都・会津若松市で壊滅し、現実のものとなってしまった。
- Though they seemed to cry because they were worried about the excessive financial load, the Aizu clan which later incurred the ill will of those advocating reverence for the Emperor because of its duties in the Kyoto Shugoshoku, had to resist to the end of the Boshin Civil War, was completely annihilated in Aizu-Wakamatsu City the clan's capital, and its collapse was indeed realized.
- 「咲き乱れたる山百合の、あの絵襖を見るにつけ、思いぞいずる過来しかた、所も加賀の白山なる、千蛇が池の名産と、世に聞こえたる黒百合の、その花くらべが原となり、北政所の憎しみ受け、はかなく滅びし佐々成政。
- 咲き乱れたる山百合の、あの絵襖を見るにつけ、思いぞいずる過来しかた、所も加賀の白山なる、千蛇が池の名産と、世に聞こえたる黒百合の、その花くらべが原となり、北政所の憎しみ受け、はかなく滅びし佐々成政。'
- しかし、大韓民国ではいまだに「王桜=ソメイヨシノ」説を唱え(韓国起源説参照)、王桜の自生地にソメイヨシノを植林する活動が積極的に進められており、逆に韓国の在来種であるはずの王桜の絶滅が心配されている。
- However, in the Republic of Korea there are still activities that advocate the theory that 'Osakura equals Someiyoshino' and therefore plant Someiyoshino in places where Osakura naturally grow, and in fact the extinction of Osakura--a species native to Korea--is feared.
- 従って、旧幕府勢力が完全に崩壊して、続く版籍奉還・廃藩置県によって幕藩体制が消滅すると、今度は攻撃対象が新政府側に向かうことになり、解放令反対一揆や血税一揆、地租改正反対一揆の形で現れることになった。
- And so, when the force of Edo bakufu completely collapsed, and the shogunate and domain system was consecutively put an end by 'Hanseki-hokan' (the return of the domain registers to Meiji Emperor) and 'Haihan-chiken' (the abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures), the new government became the target of aggression, which were manifested as the uprising against the liberation order of the discriminated classes, 'blood tax uprising' (the uprising against the compulsory military service), and the peasant uprising against the land-tax reform.
- 一方、伊勢国・伊賀国地域は治承・寿永の乱で滅亡した伊勢平氏の本拠地であり、元暦元年(1184年)の三日平氏の乱 (平安時代)で平家残党の蜂起が鎮圧された後も根絶された訳ではなく、隠然たる勢力があった。
- Meanwhile, Ise and Iga Provinces were the base of Ise Heishi (Taira clan) destroyed in the Jisho-Juei War and the remnants survived to maintain latent powers even after Mikka Heishi War (Heian period), raised by the remnants in 1184, was quelled.
- 元弘元年(1331年)、足利尊氏、新田義貞らの挙兵によって鎌倉幕府が滅亡した時(元弘の乱)には頼貞は尊氏に味方し、その後の南北朝時代 (日本) でも尊氏とともに転戦して戦功をあげ、美濃守護に任じられた。
- When the Kamakura bakufu was overthrown by the army raised byTakauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA in 1331 (Genko War), Yorisada sided with Takauji, and later distinguished himself in various battle fields in cooperation with Takauji during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), then he was finally appointed as Mino no Shugo (the provincial constable of Mino Province).
- 鎌倉時代後期には、8代新田義貞が後醍醐天皇の倒幕運動に従い挙兵、源義国流の同族にして北条氏と重代の姻戚の最有力御家人足利尊氏(後の尊氏)の嫡男千寿王(後の足利義詮)を加えて鎌倉を攻め、幕府を滅亡させる。
- In the late Kamakura period, the eighth family head, Yoshisada NITTA, following the movement to overthrow the bakufu by the Emperor Godaigo, raised an army and attacked Kamakura, while adding Senjuo (later Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA), the legitimate son of Takauji ASHIKAGA who was the most dominant gokenin coming from the same family descended from Yoshikuni with a matrimonial relation with the Hojo clan for generations, and overthrew the bakufu.
- 平氏政権滅亡後の鎌倉時代には日宋間の正式な国交はなかったが、鎌倉幕府は民間貿易を認め、文治元年(1185年)に九州に設けられた鎮西奉行は、博多を統治して幕府からの御用商船を宋へむけて派遣することとした。
- During the Kamakura period after the decline of the Taira clan government, there were no official diplomatic relations between Japan and the Sung dynasty, but the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) allowed private trade and in 1185 chinzei bugyo (a magistrate of Kyushu region) established in Kyushu governed Hakata and sent bakufu-controlled commercial ships to Sung.
- 幕末期の動乱の中、尊皇攘夷派の一党、天誅組が決起(文久3年〈1863年〉)し、宮廷と関係の深い十津川の郷士らも呼応して五條市に結集するが、情勢の急変により郷士たちは離脱・帰村、天誅組も東吉野村で壊滅する。
- In the disturbances at the end of the Edo period, Tenchu-gumi (royalist party to inflict punishment), a party of Sonno Joi-ha (supporters of the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians), rose to action in 1863, assembled in Gojo City, together with goshi (country samurai) of Totsukawa River who were associated with the Imperial Court, however goshi withdrew and returned to their home due to the sudden change of the situation, and Tenchu-gumi collapsed in Higashiyoshino Village.
- なお、「ある町にふらりと現れた主人公が、そこで対立する2つの組織に近づいて双方を欺き、最後には全滅させて去っていく」という、本作のようなアウトラインは、多少の違いはあるものの他の東宝映画にも見受けられる。
- The plot of this film involves a hero who happens to come into town, approaches two groups in conflict with each other to deceive and finally annihilates both of them and walks away, and this kind of plot is seen in other Toho films, although each with varying details to some degree.
- 明治時代、事実上武士が滅び、その思想のみがいたずらに活用されだした武士道爛熟期にあって、元武士階層出身者が中心となって臣民教育政策が施されたが、これはそこで歴史観が改められるのと同時に造られた標語である。
- In the Meiji period, the age of samurai ended in effect, but the Bushido way of thought was used unnecessarily during its mature period, therefore mainly ex-samurais carried out subject education policy and the catch-phrase was made when the historical view was changed.
- 梶原景時は北条氏の策略とまでは言えないがいうまでもなく追い落とした側、和田義盛、比企能員についても、主に北条氏に滅ぼされたものであり、それらの真相を『吾妻鏡』から知ることは出来ないことも定説となっている。
- It is difficult to determine if Kagetoki KAJIWARA was made to chase him down by the Hojo clan's stratagem, and if Yoshimori WADA and Yoshikazu HIKI were defeated mainly due to the Hojo clan, but it is widely known that such truth can't be found in 'Azuma Kagami.'
- 天文5年(1536年)には少弐氏を再び滅亡に追いやり、天文9年(1540年)から天文10年(1541年)には吉田郡山城の戦いで尼子氏を撃破したが、同年の月山富田城の戦いに敗北し、養子の大内晴持を失っている。
- In 1536, he drove the Shoni clan to a fall again, and obliterated the Amago clan at the Battle of Yoshida Koriyama-jo Castle from 1540 to 1541, however, he was defeated at the Battle of Gassan Toda-jo Castle in the same year, and lost his adopted son, Harumochi OUCHI.
- その状況下で大覚寺統の後醍醐天皇は、王権復興を目指して幕府追討計画を2度にわたって立て(正中の変・元弘の変)、幕府により廃位・流罪に処されるも、鎌倉幕府の滅亡をもたらし、京で復位した後、建武の新政を開始した。
- Under such circumstances, Emperor Godaigo of the Daikakuji Imperial line attempted to overthrow the Bakufu twice to revive royal authority for the Imperial Palace (the Shochu Disturbance, the Genko Disturbance), his position was taken away from the bakufu and he was banished, but it caused the ruin of the Kamakura bakufu, Emperor Godaigo became Emperor again in Kyoto and started the Kenmu Restoration.
- 鳥越憲三郎が唱えた説で、三王朝交替説では実在を否定されている神武天皇及びいわゆる欠史八代の天皇は実在した天皇であり、崇神王朝以前に存在した奈良県葛城地方を拠点とした王朝であったが崇神王朝に滅ぼされたとする説。
- It was the theory advocated by Kensaburo TORIGOE that Emperor Jinmu and so called Kesshi-Hachidai (Eight undocumented Sovereigns), who were denied the existence in the changes of the three dynasties theory, were actual persons and they set the base on Katsuragi region in Nara Prefecture before the reign of Emperor Sujin who destroyed the dynasty.
- しかし、劣勢を覆すことができないまま病に倒れ、延元4年 / 暦応2年(1339年)8月15日 (旧暦)、吉野へ戻っていた義良親王(後村上天皇)に譲位し、翌日、吉野金輪王寺で朝敵討滅・京都奪回を遺言して死去した。
- However, before he was able to rally from that inferior position, he fell ill and after abdicating the throne to the Prince Noriyoshi (later Emperor Go-Murakami) on August 15, 1339, died at Konrin-ji Temple the next day, leaving as his last will the defeat of his imperial enemy and the recapture of Kyoto.
- 落語専門定席の不在が上方落語の滅亡につながる事を懸念した上方落語協会は、会長・笑福亭松鶴の主導の下、中央区 (大阪市)千年町の島之内教会を借りて、1972年(昭和47年)2月より、月5日の「島之内寄席」を開催。
- Concerned that the absence of a theater dedicated to rakugo might lead to the loss of Kamigata rakugo, the Kamigata Rakugo Association under the initiative of the Chairman Shokaku SHOFUKUTEI held 'Shimanouchi Yose Theater' five days a month, beginning in February 1972 at the Shimanouchi Church in Sennen-cho, Chuo Ward (Osaka Prefecture).
- 平家滅亡後の文治3年(1187年)、三河国国司源範頼(源頼朝の弟であり、実態は頼朝の提案に等しい)の意見という形で摂政となった九条兼実が流通停止を命令、建久4年(1197年)には改めて「宋銭停止令」が出された。
- In 1187, after the Taira family had fallen, Kanezane KUJO became a regent with the recommendation of the Mikawa Province kokushi (provincial governors), MINAMOTO no Noriyori (who was a younger brother of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo so it was more like Yoritomo's suggestion), and he ordered the suspension of circulation and placed 'a ban on the Sung currency' properly in 1197.
- 日本においても、当初は大形獣を対象とした狩猟具として生まれたが、洪積世末期に縄文海進によって大陸から切り離され、大形獣の絶滅が早かったという特殊な条件が加わって、イノシシ・ニホンジカなどが主な狩猟対象となった。
- Also in Japan, the point developed as a tool for hunting large-size animals at first, but owing to the specific conditions that Japan was isolated from the mainland through the Jomon transgression at the end of the diluvial epoch and large-sized animals died out earlier, hogs and Japanese dears became the main game animals.
- 次いで邦良親王の子・康仁親王が光厳天皇(持明院統)の皇太子に立てられるが、1333年に鎌倉幕府が滅亡し、後醍醐天皇が隠岐島から京都に還幸すると、光厳天皇の即位は取り消されて、それに伴い康仁親王も皇太子を廃された。
- Then Imperial Prince Kuninaga's son, Imperial Prince Yasuhito, was raised as crown prince of Emperor Kogon (Jimyoin-To Line), but in 1333 the Kamakura bakufu was ruined, and when Emperor Godaigo returned to Kyoto from Okinoshima island, accession to the throne of Emperor Kogon was cancelled, which also entailed cancellation of Imperial Prince Yasuhito becoming the crown prince.
- かつて加賀一向一揆が守護富樫政親を攻め滅ぼした際に征夷大将軍足利義尚が本願寺に討伐令を下そうとしていた折に政元がこれに強く反対して討伐令を撤回させたという経緯があったために、実如は大きな恩義を感じていたのである。
- Formerly, after forces of the Kaga Ikko Ikki (a popular revolt by the Ikko sect) attacked and destroyed the Shugo (provincial constable) Masachika TOGASHI, just as the seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA was preparing to issue an order to destroy Hongan-ji Temple, Masamoto came out strongly against issuing such an order and managed to have the order repealed, and because of this chain of events, Jitsunyo felt a major debt of gratitude towards Masamoto.
- 理由として、食品衛生法で定められた高温・高圧での殺菌を行う(ただし、特性上完全な殺滅は困難。詳細は缶コーヒーの成分の節参照)ため、スチール缶が強度的な面から多用される状況、と全国清涼飲料工業会は見解を示している。
- As the Japan Soft Drink Association explains, sterilization should be conducted under the high temperature and humidity conditions required by the Food Sanitation Act (perfect sterilization is difficult, however; for details, refer to the section on ingredients for canned coffee) so, due to their strength, steel cans are used in large quantities.
- 綿密な構成と、大学之助と太平次という冷酷な主人公の性格描写もさることながら、登場人物が三十人近もく殺され、大詰をのぞいて、善人たちが全滅するという異常な内容は、化政期の爛熟から頽廃に傾きかけた文化を体現している。
- In addition to its elaborate structure and description of the ruthless main characters, Daigakunosuke and Taheiji, its unusual story where nearly thirty characters are killed and all good people die except for the final act, embodies the mature culture of Kasei era falling into decadence.
- ただし、いったん絶滅した復刻米などの場合で、なおかつ現存するのが復刻地の尽力に負うことが顕著である品種は復刻地都道府県の項に配した(例神力は兵庫県原産で、現在も兵庫県でも栽培されているが、復刻栽培した熊本県に)。
- In the case of fukkokumai from a precinct variety, if its existence is largely own to the effort of the prefecture in which it is revived, such variety is allocated to the prefecture of its revival (e.g., Shinriki's place of origin is Hyogo Prefecture and it's grown in Hyogo Prefecture even today, but it was allocated to Kumamoto Prefecture where is was revived).
- 各地の藩造酒は、幕府の酒造統制に翻弄され、それぞれ時代とともに衰滅や復活など多様な経緯をたどりながら日本酒の歴史江戸時代後期まで続いていくが、最終的にほとんどの藩造酒は藩の財政逼迫を救うほどには成功はしなかった。
- Hanzoshu in each region had been greatly affected by brewing policies of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and had eventually survived until the end of the Edo period led by various events reflecting ups and downs in each era, but most hanzoshu was not so successful that it could not help the difficult financial conditions of clans.
- また、温暖化による植生の変化は、マンモスやトナカイ、あるいはナウマンゾウやオオツノジカなどの大型哺乳動物の生息環境を悪化させ、約1万年前までには、日本列島から、これらの大型哺乳動物がほぼ絶滅してしまうことになる。
- Change in the vegetation due to the warm temperature worsened the habitat environment for large mammals such as mammoths, reindeer, Naumann elephants, and elks; as a result, these large mammals were almost driven to extinction by approximately 10,000 years ago in the Japanese archipelago.
- 足利義稙(義稙)は家臣の細川政元により将軍職を追われて実権のない隠居となり、以降政治の実権のない守護大名およびその家臣の傀儡という立場に等しい将軍が続き、最終的には1573年、織田信長によって室町幕府は滅ぼされた。
- Yoshitane ASHIKAGA was forced to quit as shogun by his own subordinate Masamoto HOSOKAWA and became a powerless retiree, and after this incident, shoguns became almost powerless puppets of Shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) and his former subordinates, finally the Muromachi bakufu was ruined by Nobunaga ODA in 1573.
- 1560年の桶狭間の戦いのあとも各々の鈴木氏は今川氏に服していたが、足助鈴木氏は1564年に今川氏から自立した家康により足助城を攻められて服属し、寺部鈴木氏は1566年に織田氏の部将佐久間信盛に攻められて滅ぼされた。
- After the Battle of Okehazama that broke out in 1560, the Suzuki clan still served the Imagawa clan, but in 1564, the Asuke-jo Castle of Asuke Suzuki clan was attacked by Ieyasu, who gained independence from the Imagawa clan, then subordinated, and the Terabe Suzuki clan was attacked by Nobumori SAKUMA, the military commander of the Oda clan in 1566, and destroyed.
- 明智滅亡後も豊臣政権・江戸幕府下において丹波亀山城には羽柴秀勝(於次、織田信長四男)、豊臣秀勝(小吉、秀吉の甥)、小早川秀秋、前田玄以・岡部長盛ら信任ある人間が配置されるなど京都の西北の入り口として重要視され続けた。
- Trusted personnel such as Hidekatsu HASHIBA (or Otsugi, the fourth son of Nobunaga ODA), Hidekatsu TOYOTOMI (小吉, a nephew of Hideyoshi), Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA, Geni MAEDA, and Nagamori OKABE were designated as lords of Tanba Kameyama-jo Castle under the Toyotomi Shogunate and the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after the demise of Akechi: Kameoka played an active role as the entrance to the northwestern region of Kyoto.
- 眉輪王の物語が暗殺の実情を隠蔽する目的の述作であるとすると、眉輪王を匿ったために滅ぼされたという記紀の筋書きにも疑問が生じ、実際の滅亡原因は、大泊瀬皇子のライバルである押磐皇子と連携していたことにあった可能性が高い。
- If we interpret this incident in the story of Emperor Mayowa as a jussaku (literary work) which conceals the real reason of his assasination, there is a high possibility that the cause of their fall was due to the Katsuraki clan's alliance with Prince Oshihano, who was the rival for Prince Ohatsuse.
- 日本酒アルコール添加を採用している製法の場合は、酵母が自然に分解能力を出し切って衰滅するまえに、人為的にアルコールを外部から添加して酵母を死滅させてしまうので、完全醗酵しないうちに醗酵作用は止まり、不完全醗酵となる。
- In case of adding alcohol in producing sake, before the yeast cells have consumed their decomposing capability and died away, they are likely to be killed by externally added alcohol, and so the fermentation activity stops before completion, resulting in the incomplete fermentation.
- 11世紀中期の一国平均役によって、朝廷・国衙の事業に必要な経費分だけが徴税される税制に変更されていくと、貯蔵すべき税収の余剰が出る余地も失われたために、不動穀は制度的な根拠を失って事実上消滅してしまったとされている。
- In the middle of the 11th century Ikkoku Heikin Yaku (flat rate tax imposed from time to time) was introduced and tax system was changed so as to collect the tax just to cover the expenses required for the affairs of the Imperial court and its provincial offices; this change removed the possibility of having a tax income surplus to be stored; it is said that due to this loss of basis in the tax system, fudokoku virtually disappeared.
- そして、定信の子・定重は、今川義忠(今川義元の祖父)に仕えるが、定重の子・信定の代になり、今川氏が滅んでしまったので、摂津の中川清秀に仕え、入江土佐守と称し、中川十六騎の一人として知られたが、尾崎の陣で戦死してしまう。
- Moreover, Sadanobu's son Sadashige served Yoshitada IMAGAWA (the grandfather of Yoshimoto IMAGAWA). After the Imagawa clan was destroyed during Nobusada's lifetime, Sadashige's son served Kiyohide NAKAGAWA in Settsu, calling himself the guardian of Irie Tosanokami. He was known as one of the 'sixteen horses of Nakagawa', but died during the Battle of Ozaki.
- さらに、先年の土岐康行の乱で没落していた美濃国の土岐詮直、明徳の乱で滅ぼされた山名氏清の嫡男山名時清、近江国の京極秀満(出雲国守護京極高詮の弟)や延暦寺・興福寺衆徒、楠氏・菊地氏ら後南朝方と連絡をとり挙兵をうながした。
- In addition, Yoshihiro contacted several potential allies, including Akinao TOKI of Mino Province, who had been brought to ruin during Yasuyuki TOKI's rebellion a few years earlier, Tokikiyo YAMANA, eldest son and heir of Ujikiyo YAMANA, who had been destroyed during the Meitoku rebellion, Hidemitsu KYOGOKU (younger brother of Takanori KYOGOKU, the shugo of Izumo Province), the warrior monks of Enryaku-ji and Kofuku-ji Temples, and Gonancho (Second Southern Court) forces like the Kusunoki and Kikuchi clans, urging them to raise troops to oppose the shogunate.
- 日蓮の滅後、門弟間において、これをどう解釈するかでまた議論があり、文の底に沈められているのは、事の一念三千であるとする身延山などの一般的な日蓮宗諸派と、三大秘法の妙法あるいは南無妙法蓮華経であるとする富士門流に分かれた。
- Once again, a dispute over the interpretation of this arose among the disciple of Nichiren after his death, and they were divided into general schools of Nichiren sect such as ones in Mt. Minobu, which advocated that Ichinen sanzen is the doctrine which is sunk under the words, and into Fujimon school, which advocated that the Sandaihiho (Three Great Secret Dharmas) or Nanmyohorengekyo is sunk under the words.
- 弁慶が「あら不思議や海上を見れば、西国に滅びし平家の一門」と声をあげると、義経はいまさらおどろくことではないではないか、悪逆の限りをつくして海に沈んだ平家一門のことだ、たたりをするのはあたりまえだろうと平然といいはなつ。
- Benkei raises his voice, 'Oh, it's strange! Over the sea from here is the Heike clan that was ruined at Saigoku,' to which Yoshitsune replies nonchalantly that he is not suprised the Heike clan might create a curse in this way, since they themselves sank into the ocean after many bad deeds.
- 9月26日_(旧暦)、加賀国手取川において朝倉教景(宗滴)・賀州三ヶ寺連合軍が本願寺軍を一旦は破るものの、11月の津幡の戦いでは逆に本願寺側の反撃によって畠山家俊らが討ち死にして潰滅し、賀州三ヶ寺最後の光教寺も陥落した。
- On November 5, around the Tedori River in Kaga Province, the allied troops of Norikage (Soteki) ASAKURA and Gashu Sanka-ji Temples once defeated the troops of Hongan-ji Temple, but in the Battle of Tsubata in November the counterattack by Hongan-ji Temple's side killed Ietoshi HATAKEYAMA and annihilated his troops and Kokyo-ji Temple, the last temple of Gashu Sanka-ji Temples was captured.
- 帝国海軍の大規模戦役の歴史は、1895年(明治28年)の日清戦争に始り、1905年(明治38年)の日露戦争ではほぼ完全勝利したが、大東亜戦争(太平洋戦争)で米国海軍と戦い、艦隊戦力は壊滅状態となり、その後公式に消滅した。
- The history of the large-scale military campaigns of the Imperial Navy began with the 1895 Sino-Japanese War and the 1905 Russo-Japanese War ended with the Imperial Navy's near perfect victory; however, in the Great East Asian War (the Pacific War) the fighting power of the fleets of the Imperial Navy was almost completely annihilated by the United States Navy and the Imperial Navy was officially dissolved at the end of the war.
- 奥州藤原氏(おうしゅうふじわらし)は前九年の役・後三年の役の後の寛治元年(1087年)から源頼朝に滅ぼされる文治5年(1189年)までの間、陸奥国(後の陸中国)平泉を中心に出羽国を含む東北地方一帯に勢力を張った一族である。
- The Oshu Fujiwara clan was the clan whose power stretched over the entire Tohoku region, which centered on Hiraizumi in Mutsu Province (later Rikuchu Province) and included Dewa Province, from 1087 after the Zenkunen War (the Early Nine Years' War) and the Gosannen War (the Later Three Years' War) to 1189, when it was destroyed by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
- 1897年1月21日、総督府により『台湾阿片令』が公布されると、総督府は阿片を専売対象品目とし民間の販売を禁止し、また習慣的な吸引者には一代限定の吸引免許を発行し、新規免許の発行を行わないことで時間をかけた阿片撲滅を図った。
- On January 21, 1897, the Sotoku-fu issued the Taiwan Opium Edict mandating a government monopoly of opium trade and prohibiting private sales of opium, and allowed opium addicts to smoke opium for their lifetime by issuing opium smoking permits without producing new permits to eliminate opium over time.
- 戦国時代 (日本)に現れた土岐為頼は、房総の覇権をめぐって里見氏と後北条氏とが対立するなかでたくみに身を処し勢力を維持したが、為頼の死後、土岐頼春(義成)の代に小田原の役が勃発、頼春(義成)は後北条氏方に与したために滅亡した。
- Tamerori TOKI, who appeared in the Warring States period (Japan), conducted himself tactfully to maintain his power in the middle of confrontation between the Satomi clan and the Gohojo clan over the supremacy of Boso region, however, after his death, the Siege of Odawara broke out in the era of Yoriharu TOKI (Yoshinari), and the Kazusa-Toki clan lost its power because Yoriharu sided with the Gohojo clan.
- また方便として隔歴(かくれき)あるいは歴劫(りゃっこう)修行を説いて戒律などを守るように扶け、(『法華経』で既に説いた)仏性の常住不滅を聞いても、自分は仏と同じであるという邪見に堕ちないようにした教えが『涅槃経』である、という。
- Also, 'Nehan-gyo' is the teaching to prevent people from being trapped by a wrong idea that he/she is the same as Buddha when he/she listens to eternity of bussho (which is already taught in 'Hoke-kyo Sutra' (the Lotus Sutra)) by preaching kakureki or ryakko (a lapse of kalpa) practices to help people adhere to precepts as a means.
- 石山挙兵とほぼ同時に長島願証寺で一向一揆が発生(長島一向一揆)し、信長の弟織田信興が守る尾張の小木江城を滅ぼすなどして公然と信長に敵対するようになると、元亀2年(1571年)5月に信長は長島殲滅を図るが失敗し、多数の兵を失った。
- Around the same time as raising an army in Ishiyama, another Ikko Ikki started from Nagashima Gansho-ji Temple (Nagashima Ikko Ikki) which exhibited its hostility against Nobunaga by destroying Nobunaga's younger brother Nobuoki ODA's Kokie-jo Castle in Owari Province, and, in June 1571, Nobunaga tried to exterminate Nagashima but failed with a lot of soldiers lost.
- 20年(476年)に高句麗が百済を攻め滅ぼしたが、翌21年(477年)、大王は百済に任那を与えて復興したという(『三国史記』高句麗本紀・百済本紀によれば、475年9月に高句麗に都を攻め落とされ王は殺され、同年熊津に遷都している)。
- Records say that Goguryeo beat Baekje in 476, and that the Emperor gave Mimana to Baekje in order to help its reconstruction in 477 (according to the 'Samguk Sagi' History of Goguryeo and History of Baekje, Baekje surrendered the capital to Goguryeo in September 475, had the king killed, and moved its capital to Ungjin during the same year).
- 薩軍諸隊が熊本城・植木から逐次撤退してきた4月17日、桐野らは本営木山を中心に、右翼は大津・長嶺・保田窪・健軍、左翼は御船に亘る20km余りの新たな防衛線を築き、ここで南下する官軍を迎え撃ち、官軍を全滅させる作戦をとることにした。
- On April 17 when troops of the Satsuma army retreated from Kumamoto Castle and Ueki one after another, KIRINO and others decided to establish a new 20-km plus line of defense from the right flank in Otsu, Nagamine, Hotakubo and Kengun to the left flank in Mifune with the headquarters in Kiyama at the center to make a stand against the government army that was coming towards the south and to annihilate the government army.
- 近畿地方から東海地方にかけて広まっていた、銅鐸による祭祀を行っていた銅鐸文明を、「魏志倭人伝」に記載された道具であり、『日本書紀』にも著される矛(剣)、鏡、勾玉の、いわゆる三種の神器を祭祀に用いる「銅矛文明」が滅ぼしたとされる説。
- There is a theory that the bronze spearhead civilization, which used the so-called Three Imperial Regalia in its rituals - a sword, a mirror and a curved jewel, described in 'Gishiwajinden' and also in 'Chronicles of Japan'- destroyed the bronze bell civilization, whose solemn rituals used bronze bells and which had spread from Kinki region to Tokai region.
- 鎌倉幕府創設者である初代将軍源頼朝の死後、幕府内部の権力闘争が続き正治2年(1200年)の梶原景時の変、建仁3年(1203年)の比企能員の変によって有力者が滅ぼされ、幕府の実権は14歳の3代将軍源実朝を擁する北条時政が握っていた。
- After the death of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, the founder of the Kamakura bakufu, political strife over authority within the bakufu continued to happen, resulting in the deaths of political leaders in such cases as the Kagetoki Kajiwara Incident (1200) and the Conspiracy of Yoshikazu HIKI (1203), and it was in fact Tokimasa HOJO who had political authority over 14 year-old MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, the third shogun of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 「仔細ありてこもりし居の身も、今日免許のときを得て、御教書到来武将へ謁する都入り。少しもこの身に凶事あれば、その身は重罪。かなわぬ事だ。自滅したのはうぬが仕合せ。もがくな。もがくな。はてよい様な。」と大学之助は嘲笑い悠々と立ち去る。
- Daigakunosuke laughs mockingly and says, 'I have been confined to my home for some reason, but now, having received an official message to forgive me, I am going to Kyoto to see my lord. If anything happens to me, you will be severely punished. You cannot do that. It is better for you to perish. Don't struggle, don't struggle. You look miserable.' and he leaves there relaxed.
- 天誅組の変(てんちゅうぐみのへん)は、幕末の文久3年(1863年)8月17日 (旧暦)に吉村寅太郎をはじめとする尊皇攘夷派浪人の一団(天誅組)が公卿中山忠光を主将として大和国で決起し、後に江戸幕府軍の討伐を受けて壊滅した事件である。
- Tenchu-gumi Incident ('Tenchu-gumi no hen' in Japanese) was an incident that occurred at the end of the Edo period; it was carried out by a group of people called Tenchu-gumi (Heavenly Avenging Force) consisting of a bunch of ronin (masterless samurai) who were Sonno Joi ha (supporters of the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians) including Torataro YOSHIMURA; this group rose to action in Yamato Province having a court noble Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA as the commander-in-chief on September 29, 1863 and was subsequently put down and destroyed by the army of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by the shogun).
- 史料上はっきり記されているのは、鎌倉時代後期に楠木正成が後醍醐天皇が鎌倉幕府に対して挙兵した元弘の乱において宮方に従い、幕府滅亡後に成立した建武政権に加わり、南北朝時代 (日本)に南朝 (日本)(吉野朝廷)方として活躍した以降である。
- What is clear from the historical records is that Masashige KUSUNOKI fought together with the court during the Genko War when Emperor Godaigo raised an army against the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), joined the Kenmu Government established after the fall of the bakufu, and played an active role on the side of the Southern Court, or Yoshino Court, during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
- 後の南都仏教の三論宗系の研究においては、この年が釈迦入滅後1501年目にあたり、末法元年となることや、『大集経』による500年ごとの区切りにおける像法第二時(多造塔寺堅固)元年にあたることなどが重視されたため、などの理由が考えられた。
- In research of the Sanron sect line in later Nanto Buddhism, there appeared the reasons that that year was the 1501st year after the death of Shakyamuni and the first year of Mappo (Age of the Final Dharma), and that it corresponded to the first year of the second segment (Tazo toji kengo [the age of building temples and stupas]) of Zobo (Age of the Semblance Dharma) based on the separation of 500-year periods in 'Mahsamnipata sutra.'
- この例には、千葉県の旭市に対して愛知県の尾張旭市、新潟県の旧高田市(現在は上越市の一部)に対して岩手県の陸前高田市、奈良県の大和高田市、広島県の安芸高田市、大分県の豊後高田市などがある(このうち、安芸高田は高田市が消滅して以後の改称。
- Such examples include Owariasahi City in Aichi Prefecture against Asahi City in Chiba Prefecture, Rikuzentakada City in Iwate Prefecture, Yamatotakada City in Nara Prefecture, Akitakada City in Hiroshima Prefecture, and Bungotakada City in Oita Prefecture against old Takada City in Niigata Prefecture (now a part of Joetsu City); of these cities Akitakada City made its name change after Takada City became a thing of the past.
- 豊臣方の真田信繁・毛利勝永・大野治房などの突撃により幕府方の大名・侍大将に死傷者が出たり、家康・秀忠本陣は大混乱に陥るなどしたが、兵力に勝る幕府軍は次第に混乱状態から回復し態勢を立て直し、豊臣軍は多くの将兵を失って午後三時頃には壊滅。
- Charges by Nobushige SANADA, Katsunaga MORI, Harufusa ONO and so on on the Toyotomi side killed and injured daimyo, officers and soldiers on the bakufu side and put the headquarters of Ieyasu/Hidetada in a great confusion, however, the bakufu army surpassing in forces, gradually recovering from chaos, regained its balance, while the Toyotomi army, having lost many officers and soldiers, was destroyed at about 3:00 pm.
- 末法思想は、『大集経』(正式には『大方等大集経』)の「我が滅後に於て五百年の中は解脱堅固、次の五百年は禅定堅固、次の五百年は読誦多聞堅固、次の五百年は多造塔寺堅固、次の五百年は我が法の中に於て闘諍言訟して白法隠没せん」などを典拠とする。
- The source of Mappo shiso is the description of 'Daijkkyo Sutra' (officially, 'Daihododaijikkyo Sutra' (Mahsamnipata sutra)) saying, 'Gedatsu Kengo (Age of enlightenment) will remain solid for 500 years after my death, Zenjo kengo (the age of meditation) will remain solid for the following 500 years, Dokuju tamon kengo (the age of reading, reciting, and listening) will remain solid for the following 500 years, Tazo toji kengo (the age of building temples and stupas) will remain solid for the following 500 years and in the following 500 years, there will be disputes concerning my teaching and correct teaching will be forgotten.'
- これらから、地形の沈降により南下の流れが止まったことで盆地一帯は湖沼を形成、さらなる変化により日本海側への流路ができると湖沼の水位は下がりやがて消滅、現在の市内を流れる由良川、土師川、牧川などに変化していった、という経緯が考えられている。
- Based on this, it is believed that the lake was formed through a process whereby the southward flow stopped due to topographic subsidence, causing the water level of the lake to fall when flow channels to the Japan Sea were created due to further changes, resulting in the lake disappearing; the flow channels then turned into the present-day Yura-gawa River, the Haze-gawa River and the Maki-gawa River running in the city.
- たとえば、釈迦仏の出家前に馬丁を務め、後に仏弟子となった車匿は悪口(あっく)車匿といわれるほど、釈迦仏や他の弟子を悩ませたため、釈迦仏は滅度する前に、車匿にはブラフマダンタ(黙擯=彼と一切話しない)をもって接すよう阿難に命じたことがある。
- For example, Shanoku, who had taken care of the horse of Shakyamuni buddha before his entering into priesthood and became a disciple of Buddha, annoyed Shakyamuni buddha and other disciples so much as being called evil Shanoku, so that Shakyamuni buddha ordered Ananda to treat Shanoku with burafumadanda (ブラフマダンタ, Mokuhin, that is, not to talk with him).
- 本州西部の有力守護大名であった大内義隆が、家臣陶晴賢の謀反によって、1551年(天文 (元号)20年)9月1日、長門大寧寺に攻め滅ぼされたとき、義隆の遺児歓寿丸は、女装して逃げ山中に潜伏したが、翌年捕らえられ、陶晴賢の家臣に男根を切られた。
- When a powerful feudal lord of the western Honshu region, Yoshitaka OISHI, was overthrown by the treason of his vassal, Harukata SUE, on September 1, 1551 at the Nagato Tainei-ji Temple, the son of Yoshitaka, Kanjyumaru succeeded in escaping to the mountains by dressing as a woman, although he was captured the following year by the SUE clan's vassal, and was killed on the spot; his penis was cut off and brought to Harutaka as the proof of Kanjumaru's death.
- しかし大坂冬の陣では豊臣氏に与していたため、豊臣氏滅亡後に徳川氏に釈明する意思を表すために、有楽斎は3万石の所領のうち、1万石を自分の隠居料に、残りの1万石ずつをそれぞれ四男の織田長政 (大名)と五男の織田尚長に分与して相続させたのである。
- However, because he took part in the camp of the Toyotomi clan in the Winter Siege of Osaka, Yurakusai (another name of Nagamasu ODA as a master of tea ceremony) tried to express his intention to apologize to Tokugawa clan by dividing his territory of 30,000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land) into 10,000 koku for his own retirement, 10,000 koku for the fourth son Nagamasa ODA (daimyo [Japanese feudal lord]) and the remaining 10,000 koku for the fifth son, Naonaga ODA after Toyotomi clan's fall.
- 1334年正月に定められた「建武」の年号は、中国の後漢王朝の25年に劉秀(光武帝)が王莽を滅ぼし漢王朝を復興した際に定めた元号であり、先例に反し、辛酉革命説により「武」の一字が不吉であると断固反対した公家衆の反対を押し切って定めたものであった。
- The 'Kenmu' era name, established in the first month of 1334, was the era name chosen in China in the twenty-fifth year of the later Han dynasty, when Liu Xiu (Emperor Guangwu) destroyed Wang Mang and restored the Han dynasty to power; he went against precedent, and despite the fact that it was the fifty-eighth year of the sixty-year cycle and it was taboo to use the character 'mu' (samurai) in that year, he overcame the resolute opposition of the nobility and selected 'Kenmu' as the era name anyway.
- 正妻の築山殿、嫡男の松平信康の誅殺命令にあるように、織田と徳川は後世に美化されたような「同盟」という 対等の関係でなく、徳川は織田にとって、使い捨ての駒に過ぎず、 東方平定のためには、早々に完全に弱体化させるか滅ぼされるべき存在に過ぎなかった。
- As seen in the case of the order to kill Tsukiyama-dono, who was Ieyasu's legitimate wife, and Nobuyasu MATSUDAIRA, who was Ieyasu's first son, Oda and Tokugawa were not in a relationship of equality like 'allied countries' as often been idealized later, and, for Oda, Tokugawa was a mere throwaway player and, in order to pacify the eastern countries, it should be completely weakened or overthrown as soon as possible.
- この間、百済滅亡によって亡命してきた百済人や、仏教の僧侶など大なり小なりユーラシア大陸や朝鮮半島から海を渡ってきた人々(渡来人または帰化人)もいたが、それぞれ少数であったために大和民族に統合・同化され、国内での大和民族の優位性は変わらなかった。
- During this time, there were people who came from the Eurasian Continent or the Korean Peninsula by sea, such as the Paekche people in exile due to the collapse of Kudara (Paekche) and Buddhist monks, however, they were minorities and assimilated with the Yamato race, having no effect on the predominance of the Yamato race.
- 大坂の役(おおざかのえき、慶長19年(1614年)〕 - 慶長20年(1615年))は、江戸幕府が豊臣氏を滅ぼした戦いである大坂冬の陣(おおざかふゆのじん)と大坂夏の陣(おおざかなつのじん)(6月4日(5月8日 (旧暦))終局)をまとめた呼称。
- Osaka no Eki (Siege of Osaka) refers collectively to Osaka Fuyu no Jin (Winter Siege of Osaka) and Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka[ended on June 4 or May 8 in the old calendar]), battles in which the Edo bakufu destroyed the Toyotomi clan (1614 - 1615).
- 探幽の作品のうち、江戸城と大坂城の障壁画は建物とともに消滅したが、名古屋城上洛殿の障壁画(水墨)は第二次大戦時には建物から取り外して疎開させてあったため空襲をまぬがれて現存しており、他に二条城二の丸御殿や大徳寺方丈の障壁画が現存する代表作である。
- Among Tanyu's works, the screen paintings in the Edo and Osaka castles were lost with the buildings, but the screen paintings (ink paintings) in Jorakuden of Nagoya Castle are existent, having avoided an air raid during World War II because they had been removed from the building and evacuated; additionally, the screen paintings in Ninomaru Palace of Nijo Castle and the hojo of Daitoku-ji Temple are among his best existent works.
- この背景には廃藩置県に伴い、寺社領を与える主体であった領主権力が消滅したために寺社領の法的根拠も失われたこと、地租改正によって全ての土地に地租を賦課する原則を打ち立てるために寺社領を含めた全ての土地に対する免税特権を破棄することを目的としていた。
- One of the reasons for the confiscation was that the legal basis for jisha-ryo was lost when feudal lords, who had granted jisha-ryo, lost their power due to Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures), and the purpose of the confiscation was to abolish the privilege of tax exemption of all the lands including jisha-ryo to establish the principle of uniform land taxation through the land-tax reform.
- この乱により、足利尊氏・直義に分割されていた将軍の権力は尊氏のもとに一本化され、将軍の親裁権は強化されるが、高師直によって吉野を陥落させられ滅亡寸前にまで追い込まれた南朝に、直義・尊氏が交互に降るなど息を吹き返し延命したため、南北朝の動乱が長引いた。
- Because of this disturbance, the authority of the shogun that was divided between Takauji and Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA was unified under Takauji and the power of the shogun was strengthened but the Southern Court that was forced to the brink of elimination when KO no Moronao attacked Yoshino, was prolonged when Tadayoshi and Takauji surrendered in turn, and led to the prolongation of the upheaval of the period of Northern and Southern Courts.
- 京の伝統野菜(きょうのでんとうやさい)とは、京都府によって認定された野菜の品目の事で、1987年(昭和62年)の認定開始以来、現在まで41品目の野菜が認定されており、その中には、京の伝統野菜に準じる野菜の品目や、既に絶滅しまった野菜の品目も含まれる。
- Traditional vegetables of Kyo (another name for Kyoto Prefecture) refers to the crops of vegetables that have been certified by the Kyoto Prefecture since the certification began in 1987, and 41 crops of vegetables have been certified so far, including those that are almost equivalent to traditional vegetables of Kyo, and those that are already extinct.
- しかし釈尊滅後、やや時代が下ると、法華経などのような一部の経典において、たとえば如来寿量品第十六には、「我実に成仏してより已来、無量無辺百千万億那由陀劫なり」などと書かれ、釈尊は、生まれる前にすでに仏であり長い間、法を説いていたという思想が生まれた。
- However, somewhat later during the period after Shakyamuni's death, there came to the world a thought that Shakyamuni had already been a Buddha preaching dharma for a long time before he was born into this mortal world, as written in some Buddhist sutra like Hokke-kyo Sutra (the Lotus Sutra), which mentions in its Chapter 16 (the Life Span of the Tathagata), for example, 'it has been immeasurable, boundless hundreds, thousands, ten thousands, millions of nayutas of kalpas since I in fact attained Buddhahood.'
- 安全醸造が保証される以前の日本では、火落ち火落菌による腐造が主な原因であったが、昨今の醸造環境においていうならば、醪や温度の管理のまずさからくる酸化、好ましくないタイミングでアルコール添加を行なってしまったことによる酵母の人為的死滅などが挙げられる。
- Before the establishment of safe brewing in Japan, the main cause had been putrefaction by hiochi (putrefaction) bacterium (a kind of lactic acid bacterium), but in the today's brewing environment, it can be mentioned that the causes are oxidation due to the poor management of moromi and temperature, the human-induced extinction of yeast cells due to the addition of alcohol at an undesirable timing, and others.
- 内容は3部構成で、後醍醐天皇の即位から鎌倉幕府の滅亡を描いた第1部(巻1~11)、建武の新政の失敗と南北朝分裂から後醍醐天皇の崩御までが描かれる第2部(巻12~21)、南朝方の怨霊の跋扈による足利幕府内部の混乱を描いた第3部(巻23~40)からなる。
- The work consists of three parts: Part 1, describing the period from Emperor Godaigo's ascension to the fall of the Kamakura shogunate (vols. 1 to 11); Part 2, describing the period from the failure of the Kemmu Restoration and the split into northern and southern courts to the death of Emperor Godaigo (vols. 12 to 21); and Part 3, describing the disorder inside the Ashikaga shogunate caused by the rampancy of the vengeful ghosts of the Southern Court (vols. 23 to 40).
- 当初は鈴岡小笠原氏の小笠原政秀(宗康の子)が優勢であったが、政秀が謀殺されて鈴岡小笠原氏が滅亡すると府中小笠原氏と松尾小笠原氏との争いになり、やがて府中小笠原氏の小笠原長棟(持長の玄孫)が松尾小笠原氏を破って一族を統一し、小笠原氏の最盛期を築き上げた。
- At the beginning, Masahide OGASAWARA (a son of Muneyasu) of the Suzuoka-Ogasawara clan had a advantage, but after Masahide was murdered and the Suzuoka-Ogasawara clan went to ruin, there was a conflict between the Fuchu-Ogasawara clan and the Matsuo-Ogasawara clan, and after all, Nagamune OGASAWARA (a great-great-grandson of Machinaga) of the Fuchu-Ogasawara clan defeated the Matsuo-Ogasawara clan and unified the family, building the height of the Ogasawara clan.
- 現存しない原本である南坊自筆本は、体裁としては南坊宗啓が書いた後に、利休に証明として在判(「墨引」のみは焼却するようにとの注意書き)をもらっていることになっているが(利休没後に書き足された「滅後」は除く)、実山創作説を採ると全ては実山による演出となる。
- The lost original book written by NANBO in his own hand (except for 'Metsugo,' which was added after Rikyu's death) is said, after Sokei NANBO finished writing, to be given Rikyu's Kao (written seal mark) (along with the notes saying only 'Sumibiki' should be burned) to prove it's the original; but according to the theory that Nanboroku was written by Jitsuzan, everything was organized by him.
- そして一色義道の時代には、織田信長の命令を受けた細川幽斎軍の侵攻に遭って義道は1579年に殺され、その後を義道の子の一色義定や、弟の一色義清も継いで細川軍と懸命に戦ったが、最終的には1582年に両者も殺されて、丹後における一色氏は完全に滅亡してしまった。
- In the generation of Yoshimichi ISSHIKI, Yoshimichi was killed in 1579 as a result of the invasion of an army led by Yusai HOSOKAWA, as ordered by Nobunaga ODA, and thereafter Yoshimichi's son Yoshisada ISSHIKI and Yoshimichi's younger brother, Yoshikiyo ISSHIKI tried hard to fight against the Hosokawa army; however, they were killed in 1582, and this resulted in the complete downfall of the Isshiki clan in Tango.
- 全7巻の内、「覚書」から「台子」までの5巻は、貞享3年(1687年)に千家(南方録・奥書)あるいは「利休秘伝茶湯書五巻所持の人」(岐路弁疑・牒)が秘蔵していたものを書写、その後元禄3年に堺の「宗啓肉族、納屋宗雪」所持の2巻「墨引」「滅後」を書写したという。
- Among seven volumes of the Tachibana book, the first five volumes, from 'Memorandum' to 'Daisu' (a stand for utensils used in the tea ceremony), were copied in 1687 from the treasured volumes kept by the House of Sen (based on Okugaki (postscript) of Nanboroku) or 'the person who has the five volumes of a book of Rikyu's secret teachings for Tea Ceremony' (based on cho (official documents) of Kirobengi (The Tea Book of Jitsuzan Tachibana)); the other two volumes, 'Sumibiki' (Cross out) and 'Metsugo' (After Rikyu's Death), were copied in 1690 from the book owned by 'Sosetsu NAYA, a blood relation of Sokei' in Sakai.
- 蘇我入鹿が山背大兄王を滅ぼし権力集中を図ったのは、高句麗における淵蓋蘇文のクーデターを意識しており、乙巳の変は新羅における金ユ信らによる毗曇の内乱鎮圧後の王族中心体制の元での女王推戴と類似していたが故に諸臣に受け入れられやすかったとする吉田孝の見解がある。
- Takashi YOSHIDA's view states that the reason SOGA no Iruka strove for the concentration of authority by destroying Prince Yamashiro no Oe was to do with the coup carried out by Gaisobun EN in Goguryeo, and furthermore; Isshi Incident was easily accepted by the officials since it was similar to the enthronement of the Queen under the Royal Family based on the political structure formed after the suppression of Pidam War done by Yushin KIM in Silla.
- 親王の長男である康仁親王(1320年-1355年)は後醍醐天皇が再度の倒幕計画に失敗(元弘の変)して流罪となり、持明院統の光厳天皇が即位すると大覚寺統の嫡流として皇太子に立てられたものの、翌年の幕府滅亡と後醍醐天皇の復帰とともに光厳天皇ともども廃位されている。
- The eldest son of the Prince, Imperial Prince Yasuhito (1320 - 1355) was banished after he failed to overthrow the bakufu again (The Genko Disturbance), once he was appointed as Crown Prince as the successor from the Daikakuji Imperial line after Emperor Kogon of Jimyoin Imperial line succeeded to the throne, but he lost his position the following year, together with Emperor Kogon, when the bakufu went to ruin and Emperor Godaigo came back to his position as Emperor.
- 天海が2代将軍となった徳川秀忠の諮問に対し、明神は豊国大明神として豊臣秀吉に対して送られた神号であり、その後の豊臣氏滅亡を考えると不吉であると提言したことで、家康の神号は「東照大権現」と決定され、家康の遺体を久能山東照宮から日光東照宮に改葬、輪王寺を建立した。
- In response to an inquiry from the second shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Tenkai suggested that myojin was a title of god donated to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as Hokoku Daimyojin (Great Luminous Deity of Our Bountiful Country) and it was an ill-omened title considering the collap of Toyotomi clan, so the title of god of Ieyasu was determined to be 'Tosho Daigongen', and the body of Ieyasu was moved from Mount Kuno Toshogu Shrine to Nikko Toshogu Shrine and Rinno-ji Temple was built.
- これを蔵するのは、もし今後、賊や悪王が来て命を奪おうとしたら、蔵している宝を差し出してその命を贖うのと同じで、未来に悪い比丘(坊主・僧侶)が現れて『釈迦如来は入滅して涅槃に入ってもうこの世にはいない』と説いた場合に、この秘密の蔵である涅槃経を演説すべきである。
- Possessing it is like having treasure to atone life by giving it to robbers or bad guys who come and want to kill you, so if bad Biku (Buddhist priests) emerge in the future and preach 'Shakanyorai, Shikyajirai died, entered Nirvana, and no long exists in this world,' then you should deliver this secret Nehan-gyo.
- 江戸時代には儒教や仏教などの外来思想に批判的な立場から古典や神道を研究する国学が盛んになると、神国思想もまた広く受け入れられるようになり、それが幕末の黒船来航などの外的圧力の増大とともに攘夷論へと発展し、尊王攘夷運動が展開されてやがて江戸幕府滅亡の原因となった。
- In the Edo period, once the study of ancient Japanese thought, classics, and Shinto became popular under the view point of criticizing beliefs from overseas like Confucianism and Buddhism, the belief of Shinkoku was widely accepted, it developed the principle of excluding foreigners in the face of pressure from Western ships coming to Japan in the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, the movement of 'Revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians' (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of the barbarians or foreigners) was established which caused of the fall of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 高郷の子の蒲生定秀は六角氏の宿老として活躍するが、蒲生賢秀の代に六角氏が織田氏に滅ぼされると、蒲生氏は織田氏に属し、賢秀の子である蒲生氏郷が織田信長の娘婿に迎えられるなど重用されたため、織田政権とそれを継承した豊臣政権において蒲生氏は大大名として大きく躍進した。
- Takasato's son, Sadahide (定秀) GAMO served the Rokkaku clan as Syukuro (a chief vassal of a samurai family); however, during the period of Katahide GAMO, the Rokkaku clan was destroyed by the Oda clan; after that, the Gamo clan served the Oda clan and was given important status by the achievements and some occasion including the marriage between Katahide's son Ujisato GAMO and a daughter of Nobunaga ODA; therefore, the Gamo clan at last successfully became Daidaimyo (a feudal lord with a greater stipend) and played important roles during the period of the Oda government and the Toyotomi government.
- 全40巻で、南北朝時代 (日本)を舞台に、後醍醐天皇の即位から、鎌倉幕府の滅亡、建武の新政とその崩壊後の南北朝分裂、観応の擾乱、2代将軍足利義詮の死去と細川頼之の管領就任まで(1318年 (文保2年) - 1368年(貞治6年)頃までの約50年間)を書く軍記物語。
- It is a war chronicle in 40 volumes that describes the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) from 1318 through 1368 (for about 50 years), starting from Emperor Godaigo's ascension to the throne and continuing through the fall of the Kamakura shogunate, the Kemmu Restoration and the split into northern and southern courts that followed its collapse; the Kanno disturbance, and the death of the second shogun, Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, and ending with the assumption of the office of kanrei (deputy shogun) by Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA.
- 持明院統や鎌倉幕府は邦良親王を支援し、親王が急死するとその息子の康仁親王を持明院統の光厳天皇の皇太子に据えて後醍醐天皇系への皇位継承を拒絶する姿勢を見せるが、1333年に鎌倉幕府は滅亡し、後醍醐天皇復位によって木寺宮(後二条天皇系)の皇位継承は否認される事となった。
- Jimyoin-to and the Kamakura shogunate supported Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi (Kuninaga), but after his sudden death, they arranged for his son (Imperial Prince Yasuhito) to become the crown prince for Jimyoin-to's Emperor Kogon in order to demonstrate their rejection of Emperor Go-Daigo's line. This was done to ensure the imperial succession, but due to the collapse of the Kamakura shogunate, Emperor Go-Daigo was restored to the throne and the enthronement of Kidera-no-Miya (who was of Emperor Go-Nijo's line) did not take place.
- 仏教における縁起 (えんぎ、サンスクリット:pratiitya-samutpaada、パーリ語:paTicca-samuppaada)は、仏教の根幹をなす思想の一つで、世界の一切は直接にも間接にも何らかのかたちでそれぞれ関わり合って消滅変化しているという考え方を指す。
- Engi in Buddhism (Sanskrit: pratiitya-samutpaada; Pali: paTicca-samuppaada) is one of the fundamental ideas in Buddhism, and its meaning is the idea that everything in this world is related to the other in direct and indirect ways, changing and disappearing in the relationship.
- 比企能員の変で滅ぼされた有力豪族比企氏の縁戚児玉党など、武蔵国には比企氏と繋がりをもつ者が多く、比企の跡を勢力下に収めようとした時政の武蔵進出は、武蔵武士団の棟梁である重忠の勢力圏への進入であり、比企の乱後の戦後処理を巡って時政と重忠は対立する関係となっていたのである。
- In Musashi province, there were many samurai groups such as the Kodamas who were related to the Hiki clan, the powerful local ruling family that died out in the Conspiracy of Yoshikazu HIKI; Tokimasa's attempt to conquer Musashi province after the demise of the Hiki clan meant entering territory controlled by Shigetada as the head of the samurai groups in Musashi, and Tokimasa and Shigetada came to have arguments over the conspiracy.
- しかし、1574年には伊勢国長島町 (三重県)の願證寺が織田氏によって滅ぼされ、1575年に越前を織田氏から奪還した一向一揆が覆滅されるなど各地の抵抗がそがれ、1578年には木津川の合戦で本願寺と同盟する毛利氏の水軍が織田水軍に敗れるなど、本願寺の外では敗北を重ねていった。
- However, in 1574 Gansho-ji Temple in Nagashima-cho, Ise-no-kuni (Mie Prefecture) was destroyed by the Oda clan and the resistance movements in various regions settled as Ikko-ikki, which recovered Echizen from the Oda clan, were destroyed in 1575; and the navy of the Mori clan, which was allied with Hongan-ji Temple in Kizugawa-no kassen, was defeated by the navy of the Oda clan in 1578, assuming the defeat of Hongan-ji Temple in various places other than the premises of Hongan-ji Temple.
- 朝廷内部では長州勢の駆逐を求める強硬派と宥和派が対立し、禁裏御守衛総督を勤める一橋慶喜(徳川慶喜)は退兵を呼びかけるが、京都蛤御門(京都市上京区)付近で長州藩兵が、会津・桑名藩・薩摩各藩の諸隊と衝突、尊皇攘夷を唱える長州勢は壊滅、来島又兵衛、久坂玄瑞、寺島忠三郎らは戦死した。
- Within the Imperial Court, there was a struggle between hard-liners that wanted to destroy Choshu's military force and others who wished to appease them, while Keiki HITOTSUBASHI (later known as Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA), who served as Viceroy and Protector of the Imperial Palace, called on the soldiers to withdraw, but the Choshu soldiers clashed with various groups of samurai warriors from Aizu, Kuwana, and Satsuma clans near Kyoto's Hamaguri Gate (in the Kamigyo ward of modern-day Kyoto); but the forces of Choshu, chanting their Revere the Emperor slogan, were annihilated, and Matabe KIJIMA, Gensui KUSAKA, and Chusaburo TERAJIMA were among those who died in battle.
- そのほか、釈迦が入滅してから1500年が経過すると仏教はその有効性を失うとする末法思想を背景に、末法の世において娑婆世界で成道すること(自力聖道門)の困難を主張し、それを放棄することでいったん阿弥陀仏の極楽浄土へ往生してから成道すること(他力浄土門)を提唱する浄土教も起こった。
- The Jodo (Pure Land) sect also appeared, preaching, based on the Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief), that Buddhism loses its effectiveness 1500 years after Shakyamuni's death, the difficulty of Jodo in this corrupt world in the era of Mappo (Age of the Final Dharma) (Jirikishodomon), and that, by giving it up, one can perform Jodo in the Pure Land of Amida Buddha after dying (Tarikijodomon).
- この指定制度が発足した背景には、平凡な人々のあいだに繰り返されてきた伝承文化が保護の対象になる、という考え方が定着したことにもよるが、昨今の社会の急激な変貌により、営々として長期にわたって継承されてきた「民間伝承」が、今絶滅の危機に瀕しているという問題意識によるところも大きい。
- This designation system was introduced in part because of the increasing belief that traditional culture passed down from generation to generation by ordinary people is to be protected, but mostly due to awareness that well-established 'folk traditions' with a long history have been put in danger of disappearing by drastic changes in society in recent years.
- また、格に関しても中国では唐の滅亡後は官人資格などを定めた限定的な法律に縮小されていくのに対して、日本では養老律令以後新規の律令が全く作られなくなったために格の占める比率が高くなり、律令による規定そのものを否定する法令(例墾田永年私財法)さえも格の形式によって出されるようになった。
- As for Kyaku, too, as opposed to China, where after the fall of the Tung dynasty, it had diminished into restrictive law which stated the qualifications for government officials, the share of Kyaku became high since not one new Ritsuryo code were made at all from the Yoro Ritsuryo code in Japan, and even laws and ordinances (for example, 'konden einen shizai ho', the Law Permitting Permanent Ownership of Newly Cultivated Land) which denied the rules by the Ritsuryo codes were passed in the form of Kyaku.
- 毛利氏は当主の夭折が続いたこともあり、勢力は一時衰えたが、興元の弟である毛利元就(52代)が当主となると、元就はその知略を尽くし一族の反乱や横暴な家臣を粛清、石見国の高橋氏など敵対勢力を滅ぼし、さらに有力国人である安芸国の吉川氏と備後国の小早川氏を養子により乗っ取るなど、勢力を拡大。
- Partly due to the successive premature deaths of their family heads, the power of the Mori clan was once weakened; however, when Motonari MORI (the 52nd) became the family head, he actively used his knowledge and strategies that enabled the clan to purge conflicts between families and tyrannical vassals and destroyed enemy forces, including the Takahashi clan of the Iwami Province, he further extended his power by taking over the powerful kokujin, Yoshikawa clan in the Aki Province and the Kobayakawa clan in the Bingo Province by the way of adoption.
- なお、829年(天長5年)に空海が綜芸種智院を設置した際に書かれた「綜芸種智院式」の文中に、自分の学校の先駆として吉備真備の「二教院」とともに石上宅嗣の「芸亭院」を挙げたうえで、芸亭の現状を「始めありて終りなく、人去って跡あれたり」と記しており、この時には既に消滅していたことが窺える。
- In a passage in the 'Shugei Shuchiin-shiki' written when the priest Kukai founded the Shugei Shuchiin school in 829, the 'Nikyo-in' of KIBI no Makibi and Untei-in of ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu are mentioned as the school's predecessors, with the current state of Untei described as 'having a beginning and unending, abandoned by people, in devastation,' suggesting that it no longer existed in his times.
- この猪名県を支配していたのが、現在の大阪府箕面市石丸に存在する為那都比古神社の豪族であった「為那都比古一族」(いなつひこ)で、飛鳥時代に起こった天智天皇・藤原鎌足らが蘇我氏を滅ぼし(乙巳の変)、それに伴う改革である「大化の改新」以前に現在の北摂を支配していた国家が成立していたとみられる。
- Ina no Agata was controlled by 'the Inatsuhiko family', gozoku (local ruling family) of Inatsuhiko Shrine was located in now Ishimaru, Mino City, Osaka Prefecture, and it is thought that a state had been established in now Hokusetsu area before the Isshi Incident (when Emperor Tenchi and FUJIWARA no Kamatari destroyed the Soga family) and following 'Taika no Kaishin' (Great Reformation of the Taika Era) occurred in the Asuka period.
- 飛鳥天皇御世 癸卯年10月14日に、蘇我豊浦毛人大臣兄入鹿臣□□林太郎が伊加留加宮にいた山代大兄とその昆第等、合15王子等ことごとく滅すなり(「飛鳥天皇御世 癸卯年十月十四日 蘇我豊浦毛人大臣児入鹿臣□□林太郎 坐於伊加留加宮 山代大兄及其昆第等 合十五王子等悉滅之也」)と記述されている。
- December 3, 643, a son of SOGA no Toyura no emishi no omi, Iruka no omi □□ Hayashi no Tairo killed YAMASHIRO no oe and 15 of his followers and family members in Ikarugano-miya palace.
- 冬の陣では出陣させるのは譜代大名のみに限ろうと考えていた徳川家康は、この夏の陣においては豊臣恩顧の大名に敢えて大坂を攻めさせることにより、将来的に徳川家に掛かってくる倫理的な非難を回避しようとしたとされている(江戸時代に徳川家が豊臣家を滅ぼしたことに対する道徳的議論が起こることはなかった。
- It is said that Ieyasu TOKUGAWA thought to use only fudai daimyo (daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) to go into battles of the Fuyu no Jin (Winter Siege of Osaka), while in the Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka) by ordering the daimyo who had been favored by the Toyotomi Family to attack Osaka Castle, he tried to avoid ethical accusation to the Tokugawa Family in later years.
- 畠山重忠の乱(はたけやましげただのらん)は、鎌倉時代初期の元久2年6月22日 (旧暦)(1205年7月10日)、武蔵国二俣川(現神奈川県横浜市旭区 (横浜市)保土ケ谷区)において、武蔵国の有力御家人・畠山重忠が武蔵掌握を図る北条時政の策謀により、北条義時率いる大軍に攻められて滅ぼされた事件。
- The Shigetada HATAKEYAMA Rebellion was the rebellion in which Shigetada HATAKEYAMA was killed in an attack by a large army, planned by Tokimasa HOJO and executed by Yoshitoki HOJO; it took place at the Futamata-gawa River in the Musashi Province (present-day Asahi Ward and Hodogaya Ward, Yokohama City) on July 17, 1205 in the early Kamakura period.
- ここから馬子による崇峻天皇の暗殺や、推古天皇への葛城県の割譲の要求、蘇我蝦夷(えみし)による天皇をないがしろにするふるまい、蘇我入鹿(そが・の・いるか)による上宮王家(山背大兄王)の討滅、境部摩理勢の失脚などの専横ぶりが伝えられており、蘇我氏三代にわたって権力を欲しいがままにしたとされている。
- The abuse of power under three generations of the Soga clan can be gleaned from events such as the assassination of Emperor Sushun by SOGA no Umako, the demand for the ceding of Katsuragi-ken from Empress Suiko, neglect of the throne by SOGA no Emishi, and the coup against Jogu Ooke (Prince Yamashiro no oe) by SOGA no Iruka, and the overthrow of SAKAIBE no Marise.
- 葛城氏2系統論を支持する研究者の中には、一連の政変で滅びたのは玉田宿禰系のみであって、葦田宿禰系は5世紀末までしばらく勢力を存続させていたと主張する議論もみられるが、それを示唆するような政治活動が記紀に一切記されていないため、蟻臣などもやはり外戚の押磐皇子と運命をともにしたのではないかと思われる。
- Some researchers, who hold the theory that the Katsuraki clan had two family groups, view that it was only Tamada no sukune's family who fell with the serial coup and Ashita no sukune's family survived until the end of the 5th century; however, there is no record that supports this view in the Nihonshoki nor the Kojiki, and it is thought that Ariomi followed the same path as his maternal relative, Prince Oshihano.
- 戦前に築いた日系コミュニティー、つまり日本町が、西海岸の数箇所でしか保存できなかったり、多くが消滅してしまったのは、構成していた不動産や財産を彼らが強制収容所に送られる前に手放さざるを得なかったり、戦後戻ってきても、既に他の民族が住み着いていたりした為、日本町の再興が出来なかった事も関係している。
- Few of the Japanese communities, that is Japanese towns, built before the war were preserved except in several places on the West Coast and most of them disappeared, because many of their former residents had to get rid of their real estate and property before they were interned, and even after returning at the end of the war, they found other people had already moved in, preventing them from reviving the aforementioned towns.
- ウェーサーカ祭が「釈迦の誕生日」と非公式に呼ばれることがあるのは、この祭りが釈迦の誕生・悟り(ニルヴァーナ、涅槃)・入滅(パリニルヴァーナ、般涅槃)の三大仏事に結びついているからである(日本の仏教では降誕会・成道会・涅槃会は別々に行われるが、南伝仏教ではこれらは同じ月の同じ日に起こったこととされる)。
- Wesak is unofficially called the celebration of the birth of Buddha because it is part of the three greatest celebrations in Buddhism along with Enlightenment and Nirvana. (In Japanese Buddhism, the birth, the enlightenment, and death of Buddha are celebrated on different dates, but Southern Buddhism teaches that they all occurred on the same day of the same month.)
- かつて江戸時代初期のように四季醸造という生産体制が、人々の年中サイクルの中に組み込まれ息づいていたころには、ちょうど今でいう「季節もの」や「天然もの」の野菜や魚のように、寒造りされた酒はその他の酒と区別され「寒酒」として味わわれたようであるが、そうした習慣は、現在は一般的には消滅してしまっているといえる。
- The shikijozo production system was incorporated in the annual cycle of people of the early Edo Period similar to the 'seasonal' or 'natural' vegetables or fish of nowadays, and the sake that was made with kanzukuri process was treated apart from other sake, but the custom has disappeared now.
- 兒玉源太郎総督の下で1898年に民政長官に就任した後藤新平は、土地改革、ライフラインの整備、アヘン中毒患者の撲滅、学校教育の普及、製糖業などの産業の育成を行うことにより台湾の近代化を推進し、一方で植民地統治に対する反逆者には取り締まりをするという『飴と鞭』の政策を有効に用いることで植民地支配の体制を確立した。
- In 1898, Shinpei GOTO assumed the post of Chief of Home Affairs under the direction of Gentaro KODAMA, the governor-general, and GOTO established Japan's approach to its rule of Taiwan through the effective use of a 'carrot and stick' policy; that is, he promoted the modernization of Taiwan by carrying out land reform, providing utilities that were essential to people's livelihoods, eradicating opium addiction, making school educational more accessible to all, and developing industries such as sugar manufacturing, while at the same time cracking down on those who opposed colonial rule.
- 文永の役については現在では壊滅的な被害があったかについても含め多くの疑問が持たれているが、弘安四年七月三十日から翌閏七月一日(1281年8月15日 - 8月16日)にかけては京都でも激しい風雨に見舞われたことが日記類などの記録にあるため、弘安の役での東路・江南両軍の壊滅の原因は台風であるとの説は現在でも有力視されている。
- Nowadays, there are many doubts about Bunei no Eki, including whether there was any serious damage, but what destroyed both armies of the Eastern Route and Southern Yangtze in Koan no Eki is still now widely considered to have been a typhoon, because there are diaries and records stating that even Kyoto had a furious storm from August 15, 1281 to August 16.
- 長州藩は没落して朝敵となるが、攘夷派であった孝明天皇の崩御、薩長同盟で薩摩と長州が密約を結ぶと、15代将軍の徳川慶喜は大政奉還を行い公議政体構築を目指すが、王政復古 (日本)により明治政府が成立、鳥羽伏見の戦いで旧幕府軍が敗北し、徳川慶喜に対する追討令が出ると、法的には幕府機構は消滅しているものの武力討幕運動が盛んになる。
- The Choshu clan toppled to become chouteki (朝敵), but after the death of Emperor Komei, who belonged to the sect that sought the expulsion of foreigners, Satsuma and Choshu concluded the Saccho Coalition (薩長同盟), and the fifteenth shogun, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, seeking the establishment of the Kougi government, conducted the restoration of imperial rule; however, the Meiji Government was established through the acceptance of restoration of imperial rule (Japan), and upon the defeat of the former Bakufu army in the Battle of Toba Fushimi, the order to hunt down Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA was released, and even though the Bakufu structure was legally extinguished, the Tobaku movement through military power became active.
- また、河内王朝説でも直木孝次郎、岡田精司の瀬戸内海の制海権を握って勢力を強大化させた河内の勢力が初期大和政権と対立し、それを打倒したとする説や上田正昭の三輪王朝(崇神王朝)が滅んで河内王朝(応神王朝)に受け継がれたとする説と、水野、井上の九州の勢力が応神天皇または仁徳天皇の時代に征服者として畿内に侵攻したとする説とがある。
- In the Kawachi Dynasty Theory, there are different opinions as follows: One by Kojiro NAOKI and Seiji OKADA that a Kawachi power which controlled the Seto Inland Sea to enlarge its power conflicted and overthrew the first Yamato Administration, another by Masaaki UEDA that after the fall of the Miwa Dynasty (Sujin Dynasty) it was succeeded by Kawachi Dynasty (Ojin Dynasty), and the other by Mizuno and Inoue that a Kyushu power invaded to the area surrounding Kyoto and Nara as conquerors during the reign of Emperor Ojin or Emperor Nintoku.
- 一方で政府と軍の各部署の間の有機的な連係が藩閥によって形成されていたという側面もあり、昭和に入り試験や育成機関から採用された官僚や軍人が部署の実権を掌握するようになると縦割り的弊害が甚だしくなり国家の方針が定まらず迷走することになり、藩閥の消滅による緊張感の低下が政党の腐敗を招き、官僚や軍部に迎合するようになったと見る説もある。
- On the other hand, an organic tie between the government and departments of the Army was formed by the domain clique, so there is a view that when bureaucrats and military men who were employed through examinations and training institutions in the Showa period held actual power of their departments, red tape swelled causing the national policy to keep straying unsettled and decreased sense of tension without domain clique brought corruption of the political parties and made them pander to bureaucrats and the military.
- 同じく赤松一族で但馬竹田城城主・斎村政広も西軍から東軍に寝返ったものの、西軍に与した宮部長房の居城・鳥取城を攻めるときにあまりに手ひどく城下町を焼き払ったために、徳川家康から戦後、これを理由に自害(この件に関しては寝返りを促した亀井茲矩に責任転嫁された冤罪説が強い)を命じられてしまい、これにより大名としての赤松氏は滅亡したのである。
- Masahiro SAIMURA, also a member of the Akamatsu family and was the lord of Takeda-jo Castle in Tajima Province, switched to the East squad from the West squad as well, but after the battle (Battle of Sekigahara) he was ordered to kill himself by Ieyasu Tokugawa, for the charge that Masahiro seriously damaged the castle town by setting fire brutally when he attacked Nagafusa MIYABE of the West squad at his home castle, Tottori-jo Castle, (for this incident, the theory of the false accusation caused by Koremori KAMEI, who encouraged the betrayal and shifted the responsibility is highly likely), and with Masahiro's death, the Akamatsu clan as daimyo had distinguished.
- ただし、フロイスがこの「儀式」について初めて記したのは信長の死後であり、フロイス自身が「儀式」が行われたとされる当時に安土周辺にはいなかったこと、日本国内の一級史料ではこの「儀式」についてまったく言及されていないことなどから、谷口克広はフロイスの記述に信憑性はなく、信長が滅んだことを正当化するために記したものであるとの見解を示している。
- However, as Frois first written about this 'ceremony' only after Nobunaga's death and he was not in the vicinity of Azuchi when such ceremony was held and this 'ceremony' has never been referred to in first-class historical materials in Japan, Katsuhiro TANIGUCHI proposed the view that description by Frois is not reliable and it was written just to justify overthrowing Nobunaga.
- これは『涅槃経』四諦品にも、「正法たる真智を断滅して、益々悪道に陥り、生死に輪廻しては多くの苦悩を招く」、あるいは「悪彰(あくしょう)の示現は衆生を救わんがための故なり」など説かれているように、あくまでも衆生自らが犯した業による報いであり、自らがそれによって気付くもので、仏がその教えに従わない者に罰を与えるという類のものではない、とするのが一般的である。
- As in the Shitaihon (the Four Axioms) of 'Nehan-gyo Sutra' (The Sutra of The Great Nirvana) there are descriptions that 'To break the truth and wisdom of the True Dharma and fall into more akudo (literally, 'bad way') lead to many affliction through several transmigrations of souls.' or 'The appearance of bad things (悪彰) are caused in order to relieve living things,' Butsubachi is generally regarded as a payment by their own sin which makes them notice it, and is not given by Buddha to a person who does not obey its teaching.
- 平家滅亡時に救出されて帰京するが、都では既に後鳥羽天皇が即位していた(ちなみに『増鏡』では、守貞親王と尊成親王(後鳥羽天皇)が後白河法皇の前に呼ばれて、すぐに法皇に懐いた尊成が皇位に立てられたとする記述があるが、実際に尊成とともに呼ばれたのは守貞親王の異母弟惟明親王(高倉天皇第三皇子)といわれており、これについては『増鏡』作者による「演出説」と「勘違い説」に分かれている)。
- He was saved and went back to Kyoto when the Taira clan died out, however Emperor Gotoba had already succeeded to the throne in Kyoto. (in 'Masukagami' (The Clear Mirror) it is said Imperial Prince Morisada and Imperial Prince Takahira (Emperor Gotoba) were called in by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, and Takahira, who took to the Emperor before Morisada, was appointed to succeed to the throne, however there was another theory that it was Morisada's half younger brother, Imperial Prince Koreaki (Emperor Takakura's third Prince) who was called with Takahira, but there were two different theories of the author of 'Masukagami,' one was 'the direction theory' and another one was 'the misunderstanding theory.'
- 邪馬台国九州説を発展させ、大宰府(太宰府)を首都とする九州王朝が成立したが、663年(天智元年)「白村江の戦い」の敗北をきっかけとしてヤマト王権により滅亡させられたとする古田武彦が唱えた九州王朝説の所論によれば、大化の改新として仮託された事件により後の天智天皇・天武天皇が権力奪取する以前の記紀の神代神話と皇統譜や事跡の記述の多くは九州王朝からの剽窃による創作であり、それまでのヤマト王権は統一王朝ではなかったとする。
- Developing the Yamatai-koku Kingdom in Kyushu, by the Kyushu Dynasty Theory advocated by Takehiko FURUTA that the Kyushu Dynasty was established with the capital Dazaifu but was destroyed by the Yamato Administration triggered by the lost in 'Battle of Hakusukinoe' (Battle of Baekgang) in 663, most of the immemorial myth, the genealogy and the achievements of the Imperial Family in Kojiki and Nihon Shoki before later Emperor Tenchi and Emperor Tenmu seized the political power through the incident called Taika Reforms were fiction by plagiarism from the Kyushu Dynasty and until then, the Yamato Administration was not a unified dynasty.