気: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- あっ気
- taken aback
- dumbfounded
- 大戦景気
- Boom after World War
- 気象条件
- Weather condition
- meteorological conditions
- 気屯測候所
- Keton meteorological station
- 遷都の気運
- Opportunity for capital relocation
- 気象台 等
- Meteorological observatory and so on
- 終末細気管支
- terminal bronchiole
- 樺太庁気象台
- Karafuto-Cho weather station
- 梅雨の気象記録
- Meteorological records of baiu
- 類似の気象現象
- Similar weather phenomena
- 気象現象の特徴
- Characteristics of weather phenomena
- 運気指南役後篇
- Unki Shinan-yaku, Kohen (Guide Book on Flow of the Universe, the Second Volume)
- 和気清麻呂の姉。
- She was the older sister of WAKE no Kiyomaro.
- 電遁-電気を利用。
- Denton-Making use of electricity.
- 令読者心気洞越也。
- They are good for readers to feel empathy for.
- 弘文院 和気氏の施設
- Kobun-in: The facility (boarding school) owned by the Wake clan.
- 医道…和気氏・丹波氏
- Ido (The way of medical science): The Wake clan and the Tanba clan
- 藤田哲也 (気象学者)
- Tetsuya FUJITA (meteorologist)
- Ted Fujita
- 吝気(やきもちばなし)
- Jealousy (a story of jealousy)
- - 中国気象局による。
- Provided by the China Meteorological Administration.
- 「暢気な先生である。」
- He is an easygoing man.'
- 次八畳敷、庭子之景気也。
- The room after the next was an eight-mat Japanese room with the scene of baby falcons in a bird cage in the garden
- 気候の変化と縄文文化の発展
- The climate change and the development of the Jomon culture
- 気合術・・・武芸一覧を参照
- Kiai jutsu…Refer to the list of military art.
- - 大韓民国気象庁による。
- Provided by South Korea's weather agency.
- 気づくとそこは、三昧堂だった。
- When he opens his eyes, he is in a Samadhi hall.
- 黄砂情報、黄砂に関する気象情報
- Information about kosa, and weather information about kosa
- 奥羽の形勢は一気に佐幕に傾く。
- The tide in Ou changed to support the shogunate.
- 日本の電気通信の父と呼ばれる。
- He is known as Japan's father of telecommunication.
- 大坂の人は殺気が多く、富を尊ぶ。
- The people of Osaka are short in temper and they place importance on wealth.
- 夏、藤壺が病気のため宿下りする。
- In the summer, Fujitsubo takes a short leave from service due to her illness.
- 第3回気候変動枠組条約締約国会議
- The Third Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
- 蒸気船に対し、陸蒸気と呼ばれる。
- Compared to the steamboat on the ocean, the steam locomotive was called 'Oka Joki.' (literally mean, the 'steam locomotive on the ground')
- 江戸の人は客気が多く、官職を尊ぶ。
- The people of Edo are energetic and excitable and have great respect for honorable vocations.
- 京都の人は矜気が多く、土地を尊ぶ。
- The people of Kyoto are very proud and they great importance in their land.
- 伊勢国(現在の多気町)に生まれる。
- He was born in Ise Province (present-day Taki Town).
- 才能と色気と生命力が溢れるオバサマ。
- She was a woman filled with talent, sexiness, and vitality.
- さらに事に気付いた源氏に皮肉られる。
- Furthermore, Genji, who realized what had been going on, became sarcastic toward her.
- 黄砂が気候にもたらす影響は多数ある。
- Kosa affects climate in various ways.
- 京阪電気鉄道京阪石山坂本線 浜大津駅
- Hamaotsu Station, Keihan Ishiyama-Sakamoto Line, Keihan Electric Railway
- 同年、人気若手女優・姿美千子も退社。
- In the same year a young but popular actress Michiko SUGATA also left Daiei.
- 注1)は気候変動枠組条約の附属書I国
- Note 1) is Annex I Parties of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
- これには、さすがの坂東武者も怖気づく。
- Even Bando musha soldiers (who were renown for their bravery) were intimidated by the rocky formation.
- この二点を混同しないよう気をつけたい。
- Don't confuse these positions
- 気象庁ではこれを梅雨とは認めていない。
- Japan Meteorological Agency does not acknowledge this as a baiu.
- 人気作家の川口松太郎が専務に招かれる。
- Popular novelist Matsutaro KAWAGUCHI was invited to take office as senior managing director.
- 同年八月十日、病気で離隊とされている。
- On September 10 of the same year, he allegedly left the group due to an illness.
- (例)静電気で敵がひるんだすきに逃げる。
- (e.g.) Escape while enemies flinch from static electricity.
- 冬以外の気候ならば南北方向に立てられる。
- When the products are grown other than winter, une is made from south and to north.
- 羅生門の上の樓へ入ると、人の気配がする。
- When he went upstairs within the Rashomon, he felt someone's presence there.
- また、歌舞伎や浄瑠璃が興り人気を博した。
- Meanwhile, kabuki and joruri (dramatic narrative sung with a shamisen accompaniment) flourished and became popular.
- 短期間に一気に書き上げられたとする考え方
- The view that she completed the writing within a short period of time
- しかし西郷は血気にはやる板垣らを抑えた。
- However, Saigo restrained those officers driven by youthful ardor, such as Itagaki.
- そこから、興義は、自由気儘に泳ぎだした。
- So, Kogi began to swim as he liked.
- 昭和末期から続いたバブル景気が崩壊した。
- The bubble economy having continued from around the end of the Showa period collapsed.
- 当時、脚気歴史は、原因不明の病であった。
- In those days, beriberi was a disease of unknown etiology.
- 是ニ遠寺晩鐘景気被書、まへに盆山被置也。
- In addition, the scene of the evening bell at a distant temple was depicted, and a miniature landscape (bonsan) was placed in front of it.
- 「播磨国は気候も良いし、地震も少ない。」
- In Harima Province, we have a mild climate and a few earthquakes.'
- 本人は大変この曲を気に入っていたという。
- It has been told that he deeply loved this tune.
- 備前国藤野郡(現在の岡山県和気町)出身。
- He was born in Fujino Country, Bizen Province (present Wake-cho, Okayama Prefecture).
- 風水では大地の気が吹き上がる場所とされる。
- Feng shui defines Ryuketsu as a place where qi (vital energy) brows up.
- 悪解…本人が病気をして120日を経た場合。
- Oge (悪解)…In the case of 120 days having past after struck by a disease.
- 脱退する者も出始め天誅組の士気は低下する。
- Those who withdrew from Tenchu-gumi began to appear, and the morale of Tenchu-gumi went down.
- 夏、匂宮は気晴らしに新しい恋をしはじめる。
- In summer, Nioumiya began to love another woman in order to forget Ukifune.
- 当の娘は身分違いすぎると気が進まなかった。
- The daughter herself was reluctant because of the difference in their social standing.
- あらすじ:按察使大納言の姫は美しく気高い。
- Story line: The princess of Azechi (inspector of the provincial government) chief councillor of state is beautiful and noble.
- 皇女にも劣らない美しさと気品を備えていた。
- Her beauty and dignity were no less than those of Imperial princesses.
- 梅小路蒸気機関車館〔京都市下京区歓喜寺町〕
- Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum [Kankiji-cho, Shimogyo ward, Kyoto City]
- 日本で最初の実用空気銃や天体望遠鏡を製作。
- He invented Japan's first air gun for actual combat and an astronomical telescope.
- というわけで、庶民にも人気のある奇人だった。
- That is why he was popular even among the ordinary people.
- 巫遊の気装貌(かんなぎあそびのけしょうがお)
- Priestess prostitutes waiting for a man in full-make up
- 日本は大戦特需による未曾有の好景気に沸いた。
- In Japan, the economy was unprecedentedly prosperous due to special procurement demand for the world war.
- 新町通り(江戸時代の雰囲気を残す旧紀州街道)
- Shinmachi-dori street (former Kishu Kaido Road keeping the air of the Edo period)
- 二人の間には次のような稚気溢れる逸話がある。
- There was a rather childish anecdote about them.
- ともに、彼らの購買力を高めて景気回復を図った。
- By increasing their purchasing power they hoped to strengthen the economy.
- 出雲での大敗が極端なまでの厭戦気運を助長した。
- The huge defeat in Izumo cultivated extreme anti-war trend amond people.
- 親子は、恐ろしい心地がして、気絶してしまった。
- The father and son are so scared that they faint.
- 配下の武将もこれに従い金子城の志気は高まった。
- The busho under the Kaneko clan also followed this decision, and the morale of the people at Kaneko-jo Castle was heightened as a result.
- 大正14年(1925年)3月、病気により辞任。
- In March 1925, he resigned due to an illness.
- さすがの明治天皇もこれを気の毒に思ったのである。
- Even Emperor Meiji felt pity on this.
- TVドラマ『HEROES/ヒーローズ』で人気に。
- He became popular for his role in the TV series 'HEROES.'
- 開化派は意気消沈するが、予定通り計画を実行する。
- The Progressive Party felt depressed but kept on the schedule.
- 義周本人は自分は負傷して気絶したと証言している。
- Yoshimasa testified that he fainted after the injury.
- 一方、中の君は今上帝のもとで気楽に過ごしている。
- Meanwhile, Naka no Kimi lived in comfort with Kinjo no Mikado.
- 実の兄にはのちに電気工学者となる鳳秀太郎がいた。
- One of her real brothers was Hidetaro HO who later became an electrical engineer.
- 松平東鳩派は、風水理気学を基本として家相を鑑る。
- Matsudiara Tohato school applied the basics of Feng shui dynamics for the study of Kaso.
- この過酷な気象条件が遭難の一大要因と考えられる。
- Such harsh weather conditions are regarded as the biggest factor of the disaster.
- 青森の気温にしても例年より8~10℃程低かった。
- The temperature in Aomori was 8 to 10 degrees Celsius lower than usual years.
- 気長足姫尊(おきながたらしひめのみこと)神功皇后
- Okinagatarashihime no Mikoto, the Empress Jingu
- それ、混元既に凝りて、気象未だ效(あらは)れず。
- A chaotic foundation is being formed, but a sign of life has not appeared yet.
- 昭和末期にはバブル景気と呼ばれる好景気に沸いた。
- Towards the end of the Showa period (1980s), Japan enjoyed favorable business conditions called the bubble economy.
- 京阪電気鉄道京阪石山坂本線皇子山駅より徒歩約7分
- Seven minutes on foot from Ojiyama Station on the Keihan Ishiyama Sakamoto Line of the Keihan Electric Railway Co., Ltd.
- これに対し桐野は木山を死所に決戦をする気でいた。
- Against that, KIRINO was ready to fight a decisive battle to death in Kiyama.
- このとき、城内で疫病が流行、厭戦気分が蔓延した。
- At this time, an epidemic spread within the castle, and war weariness was prevalent.
- 明治7年に島田と長は東京で会い、意気投合している。
- In 1874, Shimada and Cho met in Tokyo, finding a congenial spirit in one another.
- 名古屋電気鉄道(名古屋市電の前身)における焼き討ち
- Arson at Nagoya Denki Tetsudo (former name of Nagoya Shiden) (Nagoya City Train).
- これにより貨幣発行量が減少し、景気を冷え込ませた。
- This reduced the amount of currency emitted, cooling the economy.
- その後はじめて中の君が大君の妹であることに気づく。
- He later learned for the first time that Naka no Kimi was Okimi's younger sister.
- ここで西行は、声の主が崇徳院であることに気づいた。
- So Saigyo notices that the voice is Sutokuin's.
- 気象予報などの地方区分では、近畿中部に分類される。
- According to the regional classifications of weather forecasting and such, it is classified as the middle part of the Kinki region.
- こうして東西両軍の間には厭戦気分が漂うようになる。
- This made samurai in both Eastern and Western camps weary of war.
- バーベキュー等(火気を用いて食品を焼くこと)の禁止
- Barbecues and other similar acts (roasting or broiling food on a fire) prohibited.
- 「日本人は何故蒸気船で来て、洋服を着ているのか。」
- Why did Japanese come to Korea by the steamboat and why do they put on western style clothes?'
- 水を一気に流した為、十河兵は流される者が多数出た。
- The flash flood swept away many Sogo soldiers.
- 妹尼は、この中将と浮舟を娶わせたいと気を揉んでいた。
- Imotoama was anxious about how to marry Ukifune to chujo.
- 宮は源氏の熱心な気配りを鬱陶しく思うが口に出せない。
- She is irritated by Genji's kind consideration but she cannot tell her feelings to him.
- だが、作中では珍しい艶やかで奔放な気性の女君である。
- However, she is a beguiling and uninhibited lady, of a kind that rarely appears in the story.
- 「猥に之を改むるは寧ろ気候国土に反すると知るべし。」
- One should know that changing the style goes against the climate and the land.'
- 気象注意報・警報などと同様に、地域ごとに発令される。
- The warning is issued for each area necessary, as for information about precaution-needing weather and warning for weather.
- 天気がよければ明石海峡大橋がはっきり見える事もある。
- As weather permits, Akashi-Kaikyo Ohashi Bridge may be clearly viewed.
- しかし、クビライの死後は元側にも厭戦気運が広がった。
- After the death of Kublai however, anti-war trend spread on the Yuan Dynasty side.
- 和気広虫は、孤児の養育に励んだことが伝えられている。
- It is recorded that WAKE no Hiromushi devoted herself to the nursing of orphans.
- 1767年、「世間妾形気」(せけんてかけかたぎ)上梓。
- In 1767, he published 'Seken Tekake Katagi' (Characters of Worldly Mistresses).
- さらに多気郡に進んで庄田三郎佐房とその子師房と戦った。
- The punitive force further proceeded to Taki-gun and fought with Saburo Sukefusa SHODA and his son, morofusa.
- また、各地で気象観測の一環として黄砂が観測されている。
- Kosa has been observed in various areas as part of weather observations.
- 薩軍は敗戦続きに気勢揚がらず、民家に放火して退却した。
- Having been defeated in succession, the Satsuma army was in low spirits, and retreated after setting fire to private houses.
- 箱根方面では義貞軍が直義軍を押し気味に戦局が展開する。
- In the Hakone area, Tadayoshi's army was losing ground to Yoshisada's army.
- しかし、明に服属する朝鮮に要求に応じる気配はなかった。
- However, the Joseon Dynasty, which had been a tributary nation to Ming, would not follow his order.
- またその指料であった二代忠綱の刀も大いに人気を集めた。
- In addition, the sword of the second Tadatsuna which was his sashiryo (sword) became popular.
- 明治24年(1891年)8月27日に、病気のため薨去。
- On August 27, 1891, he died of disease.
- 農民に募兵を呼びかけて2000人が集まり意気を挙げた。
- 2000 peasants gathered to appeal to raise a small army and built up a group spirit.
- 彼らは庶民の娯楽であった劇中の人気のあった者たちである。
- They were popular in plays, which was the entertainment of common people.
- 当時、温泉津港と浜田港を結ぶ航路に蒸気船が就航していた。
- In those days steamships were in service on the route from Yunotsu Port to Hamada Port.
- 閔妃派は門閥主義、閨閥主義で人材登用の気風に欠けていた。
- The Queen Min group valued lineage and Keibatsu blood connection; and never recruited outside the network.
- 今日でも洋館、石畳、石段などに居留地時代の雰囲気を残す。
- The atmosphere of the settlement period can still be sensed today at the sight of its remaining Western-style houses, stone paving, and stone steps.
- 家相(かそう)とは、風水や気学などと通じる開運学の1つ。
- Kaso refers to the study of fortune telling which is similar to Feng Shui, Kigaku (fortune telling based on Chinese 12 year cycle) and etc.
- 「由来日本の地湿潤の気多く燥気甚き支那の気象と相異す。」
- Originally the climate of Japan is very humid, which is different from that in China which is mostly dry.'
- 前年に孝謙上皇が病気に倒れ、弓削道鏡の看病を受けて平癒。
- In the previous year, retired Empress Koken fell ill, but recovered due to nursing by YUGE no Dokyo.
- その後富子は病気で死に、豊雄はつつがなく暮らしたという。
- After that, it is said that Tomiko dies of disease, and Toyoo's life is spared.
- 気多大社(神社本庁からの脱退をめぐって神社本庁と係争中)
- Keta-taisha Shrine (under dispute with the association of Shinto Shrines for seceding from it)
- こうしたことから、人気のある観光地として親しまれている。
- For these reasons, it gains popularity as a sightseeing spot.
- 堺では幕府軍の総攻撃を撃退した大内勢が意気を揚げていた。
- Back in Sakai, morale among the Ouchi forces jumped after they repulsed the general assault launched by the shogunal army.
- - 日本初の湖上蒸気船「一番丸」が,大津-海津間に就航。
- The first steamship in lake in Japan 'Ichibanmaru' went into service between Otsu and Kaizu.
- 国交交渉再開の気運が高まり、1875年に交渉が行われた。
- There was a growing tendency to resume negotiations for diplomatic relations, and the negotiations started in 1875.
- 明治44年(1911年)10月 猪苗代水力電気会社社長。
- In October, 1911, he became president of Inawashiro Hydraulic Power Company.
- また、上記のとおり、黒船4隻中、蒸気船は2艦のみである)。
- Further evidence is stated in the details above--namely that, out of the four black ships, only two were steamers.)
- しかし、公判後、裁判所が署名を点検してこの事実に気付いた。
- The Court investigated the signature after this trial and found no prosecutors' autographs in the documents.
- 人違いに気づくも時すでに遅く、浮舟は重大な過失におののく。
- Although Ukifune realized it was someone else, it was too late and she shuddered at her serious mistake.
- 『愛、理性及び勇気』(講談社文芸文庫 現代日本のエッセイ)
- 'Ai, Risei oyobi yuki' (Love, Reason, and Courage) (Kodansha Bungei Bunko, Contemporary Japanese Essays)
- その首を見ると涙を禁じ得ず、大変気の毒な事をしたと述べた。
- He expressed his regret for what he had done when he looked at Shigetada's dismembered head.
- 官人判事(官人が自分が行った事務処理の誤りに気付いた場合)
- This Article 'Kanjin-hanji' (a government official becoming aware of his own mistakes) was made to refer to the case that any government official became aware of his own clerical mistakes.
- のち露見して、源氏の怒りをかい、それを気に病んで病死する。
- Later it is revealed and he makes Genji angry, and dies in despair.
- 不文字(文盲なのにそれを気が付かないふりをする。おかしさ)
- No letters (a funny story of an illiterate who pretends not to know he is illiterate.)
- ある日友人の家に行くと、行きずりの武士が病気で伏せていた。
- One day, when he goes to visit his friend, he finds a casual passerby samurai is sick in bed.
- 現在のところ、黄砂の気象観測としては目視が中心だと言える。
- It can be said that so far, meteorological observations are mostly based on visual ones.
- このため、気圧配置によって砂塵は東以外の方向にも流される。
- Therefore, dust can be moved in directions other than east, depending on the pressure pattern.
- 大気を覆うことによって気象観測を妨害したりすることもある。
- Covering the sky, it also sometimes obstructs weather observations.
- そして血気にはやり山を馳せ下り敵軍めがけて突進してしまう。
- And Ujinao impetuously ran down the mountain, charging the enemy.
- 子の和気広世・和気真綱らは、父の没後に官人として活躍した。
- After his death, his sons, such as WAKE no Hiroyo and WAKE no Matsuna, played an important role as government officials.
- 義経はこの若者を気に入り、郎党に加えて鷲尾義久と名乗らせた。
- Yoshitsune liked this young hunter, added him to his retainers, and gave him the name 'Yoshihisa WASHIO.'
- 景気は経常収支が均衡するまで沈静化し、やがてバランスをとる。
- The economy will be depressed until the current account regain equilibrium, and then it will be balanced.
- そして、亡き大君を忘れかねる薫は気が進まないながら承諾する。
- Kaoru, who could not forget late Oigimi, reluctantly agreed to it.
- しかし、大君はいち早く気配を察し中の君を残して隠れてしまう。
- However, Oigimi noticed right away, and went out of sight, leaving Naka no kimi alone.
- 京に戻ってから薫は大君と弁の言葉が気になって頭から離れない。
- After returning to Kyoto, Kaoru could not help thinking of Oigimi and the words told by Ben.
- 次の朝勝四郎が目がさめると、自分が廃屋にいることに気づいた。
- Next morning, when Katsushiro gets awake, he notices that he is in a deserted house.
- このため、一部は自由大気に入って遠くまで運ばれることになる。
- Therefore, some of the dust enters the free atmosphere and is moved to far away places.
- 気象観測における天気としては煙霧またはちり煙霧に分類される。
- In weather observations, kosa is classified as smog or dust haze.
- これは世界山岳気象観測史上1位とされる積雪の世界記録である。
- It is the world record of snow accumulation in the world mountains meteorological observation history.
- 梅雨の半ばには、一旦天気が回復する期間が出現することがある。
- In the middle of baiu, there is sometimes a period in which weather gets better.
- この日は「赤」という字が付くため、火の元、刃物に気をつける。
- Shakko (赤口) has the letter '赤' (red) so that one must be careful of fire or edged tools.
- (ちなみに国内で脚気が完全に根絶されたのは1952年以降)。
- (For reference, it wasn't until 1952 that beriberi was eradicated.)
- その後京福電気鉄道は、京都電燈の鉄道子会社を統合していった。
- Keifuku Electric Railroad then merged the subsidiary railway companies of Kyoto Dento.
- 1918年(大正7年)には、京福電気鉄道嵐山本線を合併した。
- In 1918, Kyoto Dento merged with the Arashiyama Main Line of Keifuku Electric Railroad.
- 鎌倉時代からは和気氏もこれに加わり、両家の間で争いが起きる。
- Subsequent to the Kamakura period, the Wake clan also became to succeed it, causing conflicts between the two families.
- 神戸のガス燃料・水道・電気・築港などの公共事業にも参画した。
- He got involved in the development of infrastructure in Kobe such as gas, water, and electricity supply systems and port building.
- 松次郎も幼いころから家業を手伝いつつ劇場の雰囲気に親しんだ。
- He loved the theatrical ambience, helping his parents with their family business from early childhood.
- 配流先とされる鹿児島県霧島市にも和気神社 (霧島市)がある。
- There is another Waki-jinja Shrine in Kirishima City, Kagoshima Prefecture, the place where Kiyomaro was exiled.
- 縄文後期に入ると気温は再び寒冷化に向かい、食料生産も低下する。
- By the end Jomon period, the temperature changed to cooling trend again and the food production declined.
- 骨法術・気合術・剣術・槍術・手裏剣術・火術・遊芸・教門をいう。
- Those are koppo jutsu, kiai jutsu, swordplay, the art of the spearmanship, Shuriken (small throwing blade) jutsu, ka jutsu, art for amusement, and kyomon.
- ソラニンは非常に有害で、吐き気や頭痛、重篤な場合だと死に至る。
- Solanine is as harmful to the human body as to cause you nausea, a headache, and in a serious case, death.
- 大和で天誅組が意気を揚げていたとき、京では政局が一変していた。
- While Tenchu-gumi was in high spirits in Yamato Province, the political situation changed completely in Kyoto.
- そして、負けじと豪華な絵を集めて帝の気を引こうと躍起になった。
- Not willing to be outdone, he became an avid collector of splendid pictures to draw the emperor's attention.
- その心労から病気がちになり、帝の第二皇子(光源氏)を出産する。
- She came to be sickly due to anxiety, and she bore the Emperor a second prince (Hikaru Genji).
- 妃:布多遅比売(ふたじひめ。近淡海国造の祖・意富多牟和気の娘)
- Wife: Futaji Hime (布多遅比売, the daughter of Otamuwake, who was an ancestor of the governor of Chikatsu-Omi.)
- 文久2年(1862年)に国産蒸気船「千代田形丸」の建造を開始。
- In 1862, they started to construct the domestic steamboat, `Chiyodagata maru.'
- 源氏のもとに年賀に来る若公達は、玉鬘のために気もそぞろである。
- Young courtiers who pay a New Year's visit to Genji's residence feel distracted because of Tamakazura.
- 血の気のないそのすがたもおそろしく、正太郎は気絶してしまった。
- Shotaro is frightened by her ghastly pale face, and he faints.
- 大正期から続いた不景気に世界恐慌が直撃し、社会不安が増大した。
- The recession having continued from the Taisho period was hit by the world depression directly, significantly destabilizing society.
- 夏暑く、冬は寒い、また雨が少ない盆地特有の内陸性の気候である。
- It has an inland climate, hot in summer, cold in winter and little rain, typical of a basin.
- ただし、真夏の空気に包まれる期間が長い分、台風が襲来しやすい。
- As the period in which the region is covered by the real summer air is long, however, the region tends to have typhoons.
- 西郷は「短刀一本あれば事が足りる」旨を述べ、岩倉を勇気付ける。
- Saigo encouraged Iwakura, saying 'One short sword alone can finish it.'
- 住民の武装抵抗のほか、赤痢やマラリア、脚気による被害を受けた。
- The Japanese troops not only faced armed resistance of the local people but also suffered dysentery, malaria, and beriberi.
- 兵士の戦意、士気の問題は政府軍にとって解決すべき課題であった。
- For the government Army, how to raise fighting spirit and morale of the soldiers was a problem to be solved.
- 11月(病気の種類と治療法、病気予防・健康保持のための禁忌)、
- November: Types of diseases and their treatment, and taboos for the sake of preventing disease and staying healthy
- 1927年(昭和2年)には子会社として鞍馬電気鉄道を設立する。
- In 1927, a subsidiary company, Kurama Electric Railway, was established.
- 両者は意気投合して、翌年には国臣は真木の娘のお棹と恋仲になる。
- They hit it off and the following year, Kunitomi became emotionally involved with MAKI's daughter, Osao.
- 郵便電話・・・南洋庁交通部逓信課(電話は後に国際電気通信に移管)
- Mail and telephone service ⋯ Nanyo-cho, Transportation department, Communication Section (Telephone service was transferred to International telecommunication later.)
- つまり、頼朝に協力する気は元々なかったのではないかともいわれる。
- It is also said that they did not intend to cooperate Yoritomo.
- 弥生時代後期・終末期の2、3世紀ごろは、やや冷涼な気候であった。
- In the second to third century, around the end of the Yayoi period, the climate was slightly cool.
- 駒込川に至ったことで佐藤特務曹長の進言が誤りだったことに気付く。
- Reaching Komagome-gawa River made them realize what Sergeant Major Sato had told was not correct.
- それまでの『世間猿』『妾形気』の二作品は、浮世草子に属していた。
- The previous two works, 'Sekenzaru' and 'Tekake katagi,' belonged to the ukiyo zoshi.
- 和気氏の弘文院、藤原氏の勧学院、橘氏の学館院、王氏の奨学院など。
- The famous examples were the Wake clan's Kobun-in, the Fujiwara clan's Kangaku-in, the Tachibana clan's Gakkan-in and the O clan's Shogaku-in.
- 黄砂は上空を浮遊しながら次第に大気中のさまざまな粒子を吸着する。
- Kosa adheres to various particles in the air while floating in the sky.
- - 梅雨は湿度・気温ともに高いことから、食中毒の件数が増加する。
- Both humidity and air temperature are high during baiu, and the number of cases of food intoxication increases.
- 文化の面でもこのような時代の気風を反映した新しい動きがみられた。
- From the cultural aspect, a new movement reflecting the mood of the period was seen.
- 秋田蘭画は、君臣間の一種のサロン的雰囲気のなかで広まっていった。
- Akita Ranga became popular in a kind of salon atmosphere among the lords and vassals.
- 正式名称は、気候変動に関する国際連合枠組条約の京都議定書(英)。
- The formal name is Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
- また同行は取引が「敏活」で大阪の商家には人気があったといわれる。
- In addition, it was said that its transaction was 'prompt' and popular among merchants in Osaka.
- 面倒な文学論などせず自由で気楽な雰囲気が伝わってくる逸話である。
- This is an anecdote that tells of a free and light hearted atmosphere without the serious treatise on literature.
- 安政4年(1857年)病気のために中納言を辞任して間もなく薨去。
- In 1857 he died soon after he resigned Chunagon because of disease.
- 1825年、蒸気機関を利用する鉄道が初めてイギリスで実用化された。
- In 1825, the railway that used steam engine was put in operational service the first time in England.
- この危機を救ったのは病気静養中で東京にいなかった木戸孝允であった。
- Takayoshi KIDO, who was not in Tokyo because he was resting because of illness, was the one who saved this crisis.
- しかし、中興の祖である与謝蕪村らによってふたたび活気を取り戻した。
- However, haikai regained its liveliness with the work of Buson YOSA, who restored the form.
- が、主人公の性格付けや説話の捉え方や全体の雰囲気に大きな差がある。
- However, there are remarkable differences in how the leading character is portrayed, how the anecdotes are seen, and in the overall atmosphere.
- 相模野の燃える火の中で、私を気遣って声をかけて下さったあなたよ……
- You who once, surrounded by the fires at the plains of Sagamu, spoke to me, worried about me…
- 松平琴鶴派は、風水理気学と九星を用いることから折衷派とも呼ばれる。
- Matsudaira Kinkaku school was called an eclectic school as it utilized a combination of Feng Shui and Kyusei.
- ただし気象庁としては、この情報提供は積極的に行わない方針であった。
- However, the Japan Meteorological Agency had a policy not to carry out this provision of information actively.
- しかし、理由は不明だが朝倉義景が前線に出なかったため士気に欠けた。
- However, Yoshikage ASAKURA did not move into the front due to unexplained reason, which wore down the morale.
- 大衆は内裏に乱入すると、建礼門・建春門に神輿を据えて気勢を上げた。
- When the daishu intruded into the dairi, they placed the mikoshi at Kenrei-mon Gate and Kenshun-mon Gate and raised morale.
- また、「お気持ちをお納め下さい」として金額を明示しない場合もある。
- Some do not indicate the amount as they want visitors to 'donate their goodwill.'
- 京阪電気鉄道 京阪石山坂本線 坂本駅 (滋賀県) → 徒歩約15分
- About a 15 minute walk from Sakamoto Station (Shiga Prefecture) of Keihan Electric Railway Keihan Ishiyama-sakamoto Main Line
- このことから「阿古屋の右升」とまで呼ばれるほどの人気役者となった。
- Therefore he became quite a popular actor to be called 'Akoya no Usho' (nobody can equal Usho as an actor playing Akoya).
- 1863年(文久3年)、三重津海軍所で幕府注文の蒸気鑵を製作する。
- In 1863, getting an order from the bakufu, he manufactured a boiler in Kaigun-sho in Tsu, Mie.
- 原因は電気回路の設置に不備があり致死量の電流が流れなかった為である。
- The cause was inappropriate installation of electronic circuit and mortal current was not generated.
- 1人は内気で女性的な性格の男児、もう1人は快活で男性的な性格の女児。
- One is a boy who is diffident and feminine, while the other is a cheerful girl who is like a boy.
- 屈託のない、しかも気品高く優雅な姫君たちに、薫はおのずと心惹かれる。
- Kaoru was naturally attracted by the daughters who were innocent, but elegant and graceful.
- 罪せられそうな気配を敏感に察し、光源氏は先手を打って須磨に隠遁する。
- Hikaru Genji senses that he is being punished, so takes the initiative, secluding himself from society to Suma.
- 主人は女を気の毒に思っていたので、羽織と引き換えに飴を渡してやった。
- The storekeeper feels sorry for her, and he gives her some candy in exchange for the haori.
- 1905年(明治38年)の阪神電気鉄道開業以後、全国に広まっていく。
- The railway system began to spread throughout Japan since the inauguration of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. in 1905.
- 陸軍とは対照的に麦飯を用いた海軍では、脚気死亡者がほとんどなかった。
- In stark contrast to the Army, the Navy which rationed its sailors rice with barley had almost no deaths due to beriberi.
- 気づくのはごく少数であり、平家の落人の隠れ里にいけるのも少数である。
- However, only a handful of people noticed the existence of kakurezato or could go there.
- その後慶應義塾に進むが胃病と脚気のため2年在学の後中退し郷里に帰る。
- After that, he went on to Keio Gijuku, but due to stomach disorder and beriberi, he left school before graduation and went back to his hometown.
- 前年の航海では乗組員に多数の脚気患者が発生し、23名が死亡していた。
- In the navigation of the previous year, a lot of crew members presented symptoms of beriberi, and twenty-three of them had died.
- 1911年、軸配置2Bテンダ機の国鉄6700形蒸気機関車が製造される。
- In 1911, Japan National Railways model 6700 with an axis arrangement 2B Tenda machine was produced.
- 前掲の例でも、和泉府中駅は前身の阪和電気鉄道時代からこの駅名であった。
- In cases of examples cited above, the name Izumi Fuchu Station already existed when the station was under the management of the private company Hanwa Electric Railways.
- その影響でおんな薙刀専門流派も出現し、明治に撃剣興行では人気を博した。
- Because of this, different schools of naginata designed for women were established, and the sword shows held in Meiji period became quite popular.
- 薫は、後に残された中の君に気付き、二人そのまま語り明かすことになった。
- Kaoru noticed Naka no kimi left behind, and stayed up all night talking with her.
- 偶然同じ日に来合わせた明石の御方は、そのきらびやかな様子に気おされた。
- Lady Akashi paid a visit there by chance on the same day, and was overwhelmed to see his resplendent looks.
- 豊雄が袈裟をはずしてみると、そこには富子と三尺の大蛇が気を失っていた。
- When Toyoo lifts the stole, Tomiko and a three-foot serpent are there, unconscious.
- ただし、このような頑丈な小建築には「湿気がこもる」という欠点があった。
- However, such strong small buildings had a drawback of 'Moisture easily fills the building.'
- 台湾では、大気中の濃度が通常時よりも35%増加するとの結果が出ている。
- In Taiwan, it is reported that the density of such components in the air increased by 35 percent compared with that in the ordinary air condition.
- 大規模な黄砂が発生したときは、気象衛星などの画像に写り込むことがある。
- When a large-scale kosa is produced, it is sometimes included in pictures taken by weather satellites.
- そのときには南岸に小低気圧が頻繁に発生し易くなるのも、また特色である。
- On such occasion, it is also one of the characteristics that small low-pressure systems tends to be spawned frequently.
- 現代劇で活躍していた人気若手スター・川口浩(川口松太郎の長男)が退社。
- Popular young actor Hiroshi KAWAGUCHI (the first son of Matsutaro KAWAGUCHI), who appeared in Daiei's period drama films, left the company.
- 大映の特撮技術を内外に知らしめ、倒産までドル箱の人気シリーズとなった。
- This series demonstrated the company's ability to use special effects and was a profit-making series right up until the company finally filed for bankruptcy.
- 三益愛子主演の「母物シリーズ」が始まり10年続く大人気シリーズとなる。
- The 'mother series' with Aiko MIMASU as leading actress became a very popular series lasting for ten years.
- 日本の古式銃の約四分の一は国友銘と云われ、「堺」と人気を二分していた。
- Approximately 25% of the firearms in Japan during this period carried the Kunitomo inscription and these were equal in popularity to guns produced in Sakai.
- 座礁したエルトゥールル号は機関部に浸水して水蒸気爆発を起こし、沈没した。
- The Ertuğrul was stranded and water broke through into the engine room, which caused a vapor explosion and finally she sank.
- 将門軍は士気喪失して退却、勝ちに乗じた良兼軍は豊田に侵入して火を放った。
- Masakado's army retreated due to a loss of morale and, taking advantage of this opportunity, Yoshikane invaded Toyoda and set fire there.
- さらにオランダ商館に蒸気船を発注し、60年には勝海舟ら咸臨丸を派遣する。
- In addition, steamboats were placed an order with Dutch trading houses while the Kanrin-maru helmed by Kaishu KATSU was dispatched in 1860.
- 「身体に障りがある」との偽りの噂を気にすることなく玉鬘に結婚を申し込む。
- Ignoring a false rumor that 'she had something abnormal in her body,' he proposed marriage to Tamakazura.
- 同じく気位の高かった元恋人の六条御息所と似ている、と源氏は述懐している。
- Genji recalls that she resembles his ex-lover Rokujo no Miyasudokoro, who also had a high sense of dignity.
- 磯良はこのあまりの仕打ちに病気で寝込むようになり、日に日に衰えていった。
- Isora, who has been so cruelly deceived, becomes sick and bedridden, weakening day by day.
- このことが神秘的な感じを与え、これも六曜の人気の要因の一つとなっている。
- This gives a mysterious aura to rokuyo and is one of the reasons for the popularity.
- 清国軍の士気は極めて低く、堅固な旅順要塞は僅か1日で陥落することとなる。
- The morale of Qing solders were so weak that the Lushun Fortress fell only in a day.
- その他、気候(気象)の影響なども影響し、量や飛散開始時期などに差が出る。
- The effects of climate (weather) also influence pollen levels and the time when pollen dispersal begins.
- 当時民間の娯楽として人気のあった猿楽は滑稽を主とした雑芸・歌曲であった。
- Sarugaku (form of theatre popular in Japan during the 11th to 14th centuries) which was mainly comical arts and songs, was popular as a public amusement.
- 屋根にはとても気品のある技巧を凝らした形の雄大な怪人面が付けられている。
- Very elegant, elaborate and magnificent-shaped roof ornamentation of an ogre face was installed on the roof.
- 同曲の他「玉くしげ」「夏衣」など、明るい雰囲気の曲が多いのも特徴である。
- Another characteristic is the large number of songs with a bright atmosphere, such as 'Tamakushige' and 'Natsugoromo,' in addition to those mentioned above.
- だが、嘉祥元年(848年)に親族和気斉之の罪に連座して土佐国に流された。
- In 848, however, he was displaced to Tosa Province as joint-punishment for his relative WAKE no Tadayuki's crime.
- 蒸気機関車10両は全て軸配置1Bのタンク機関車で5社の製品を混合使用した。
- All ten steam locomotives were tank locomotives with 1B axle arrangement comprised of the mixed products use from the five companies.
- 縄文時代は1万年という長い期間に渡った為、大規模な気候変動も経験している。
- The Jomon period experienced a large-scale climate change since it extended for a long period of 10,000 years.
- これらを効果的に使用するために忍者は空模様からのちの天気を知る訓練をする。
- For the effective use, ninja trains to be able to foresee the later weather from the present look of sky.
- 源氏は世間体を気にして出家の気持ちをこらえ、その日その日を過ごすのだった。
- Genji, who wants to become a priest, controls himself for decency's sake, and barely manages to survive from one day to the next.
- 夜5時頃倉石大尉が気づいた時には大橋中尉、永井軍医が行方不明となっていた。
- Lieutenant Ohashi and army surgeon Nagai had already disappeared when Captain Kuraishi realized it around 5 p.m.
- また、一番元気だった倉石大尉は日露戦争の黒溝台会戦で1月27日に戦死した。
- Captain Kuraishi, who had been injured most slightly, died in the Battle of Kokkodai in the Russo-Japanese War on January 27.
- ここでは、上田秋成の『雨月物語』にかける意気込み、創作経緯が書かれている。
- It suggests that Akinari UEDA was enthusiastic about writing 'Tales of Moonlight and Rain,' and offers insight about how it was written.
- 武士は自身の首は敵将に供せられることを覚悟し常日頃身だしなみに気を使った。
- Samurai were prepared that their heads would be taken to the enemy anytime, therefore they always paid particular attention to grooming.
- 気象情報として発表を始めたのは1986年(昭和61年)になってからである。
- Declaration as weather information was begun in 1986.
- 気候は盆地部より比較的冷涼・寒冷で夏季は過ごしやすく、冬季は厳寒を極める。
- The climate there is rather cold in comparison with the basin area, accordingly it is comfortable in summer, while it is terribly cold in winter.
- 1914年(大正3) 大阪電気軌道(現近鉄奈良線)大阪上本町~奈良間開通。
- 1914: Osaka Electric Tramway (present-day Kintetsu Nara Line) began operating between Uehonmachi Station in Osaka and Nara Station.
- 4月21日、攻城側は一気に決着をつけるべく、小西行長の水軍を堤防内に導く。
- On June 1, the besiegers made the navy of Yukinaga KONISHI enter the inside of the bank.
- 質の高い漢文体で書かれ、記事には出典を明らかにし、考証にも気を配っている。
- It is written in splendid kanbun form and has historical authenticity to some extent because the sources of articles are definite.
- この時は病弱で長旅に耐えないことを理由に、弟の和気清麻呂に代行させている。
- At that time, however, she was unable to stand a long-distance travel because of her delicate health and asked her younger brother, WAKE no Kiyomaro, to receive the oracle by proxy.
- 大正7年日米板硝子(現、日本板硝子)を設立、同九年日本電気へ資本参加した。
- In 1918, Suzuki founded Nichibei Ita-garasu (Japan America Sheet Glass, current Nippon Sheet Glass), and since 1920 he had had a stake in NEC Corporation.
- 異常なほど潔癖症で料理や洗濯は自ら行わないと気が済まなかったと伝えられる。
- Because of his obsession with cleanliness, he did not feel right unless he did cooking and washing by himself.
- 蒸気機関車10両は全て車軸配置1Bのタンク機関車で5社の製品を混合使用した。
- All ten steam locomotives were tank locomotives of 1B axle arrangement produced by five different manufacturers.
- この技術は約30年後、幕末(1853年)の日本に蒸気車の模型として到来した。
- This technology was brought to Japan 30 years later at the end of the Edo period (1853) as a steam engine model.
- その後、東西の川は道路となったが、現在も道路を越えると街の雰囲気が一変する。
- The atmosphere of the town changes once you cross the road still now, though the rivers on the east and west turned into the roads later.
- 事件後に来た幕府の検分役に重傷の身で気丈に応対して、検分役を感心させている。
- After the incident, inspectors sent from the bakufu were very impressed seeing him acting brave even with such a severe injury.
- しかし、それを差し引いても有能で人々の人気を集めていた人物だった事がわかる。
- However, even thinking about it, we could tell that he was a talented and popular man.
- 腕に気付け薬を注射しようとしたが、皮膚まで凍っていたため針が折れてしまった。
- They tried to inject a stimulant into his chest, however, the needle broke because even his skin was frozen.
- 逆のプロセスとして不景気に陥った際も金の流入がプラスになれば景気が回復する。
- As a reverse process, the struggling economy will recover from the recession when the amount of gold inflow surpasses its outflow.
- 東アジア各国では、気象機関がそれぞれ「黄砂」の定義や強弱の基準を定めている。
- In each eastern Asian nation, the meteorology-related organization defines 'kosa' and specifies the strength levels of kosa.
- 『令義解(りようのぎげ)』はこうした気運のなかで斤定された公的注釈書である。
- 'Ryo no gige' (commentary on the Ryo) is a public commentary published during such trends.
- 用捨が許される理由としては、居城の火災、飢饉、藩主の病気、代替りなどがある。
- Yosha applied when the castle of a daimyo was destroyed by fire, famine occurred, the lord of domain was sick, or a new lord took over the domain and so on.
- 関東では貝類の好漁場であった干潟が一気に縮小し、貝塚も消えていくこととなった。
- The tidelands, good fishing grounds for shellfish, diminished rapidly in the Kanto region and the shell mounds disappeared together.
- この大和行幸を推進したのが、長州藩に気脈を通じる三条実美ら攘夷派公卿であった。
- Those who drove the idea of Imperial Trip to the Yamato Province forward included Sanetomi SANJO and others, the court nobles who belonged to Joi ha group and who had an understanding with Choshu Domain.
- 柏木の未亡人落葉の宮は、母一条御息所の病気加持のために小野の山荘に移っていた。
- Kashiwagi's widow, Ochiba no miya, has moved to a mountain villa at Ono in order to chant an incantation to cure an illness of her mother, Ichijo no Miyasudokoro.
- その席で玉鬘は薫が弾く和琴の音色が亡父頭中将や亡兄柏木に似ていることに気付く。
- At that time, Tamakazura realized that the sound of wagon (Japanese harp) which Kaoru was playing was similar to that by her deceased father, Tono Chujo (the first secretary's captain), and her deceased older brother, Kashiwagi (The Oak Tree).
- (意気地のない兄に代わって日本武尊が自発的に征討におもむく展開となっている。)
- (The story develops in such a way that Yamato Takeru no Mikoto voluntarily heads off to the conquest instead of his brother who lacks courage.)
- 辛亥、甲子革令、二十四節気などの暦に関することもかなり道教の影響をうけている。
- Calendar-related items such as Shi-gai (辛亥), Kasshi Kakurei (the 1st year of the 60-year cycle in Chinese calendar when changes are often said to happen), and the 24 seasonal datum points, all reveal significant influenced by Dokyo.
- 季語と季節の対応は、ほとんどの歳時記が二十四節気を基にした節切りに則っている。
- Most of Saijiki conform to Nijushisekki (24 divisions of the old calendar) to correspond season words to seasons.
- 夜が明け、僧が正気に戻ると、禅師が変らぬ位置にいるのを見つけ、呆然としている。
- Dawn comes and when the abbot regains his sanity, he is dumbfounded to see the Zen master sitting right where he was sitting.
- これらに加えて、上昇気流や発生地の日差しといった短期的な気象条件も挙げられる。
- In addition to this, brief meteorological conditions such as the existence of a rising air current and the strength of sunlight in the area where kosa originates, are included in the conditions for making dust fly up.
- そのため、強い低気圧が通過した前後などは砂嵐が多く発生し、黄砂の量も多くなる。
- Therefore, before and after a strong low pressure passes a kosa generating area, sandstorms are generated frequently, increasing the amount of kosa produced as well.
- これに怖気づいた義昭は、7月18日に嫡男の義尋を人質として差し出して降伏した。
- On August 25 (July 18 in old lunar calendar), horrified, Yoshiaki surrendered to Nobunaga, sending Yoshihiro, his eldest son, as a hostage to Nobunaga.
- 弘文院(こうぶんいん)は、平安時代初期の平安京に和気広世が建てたとされる施設。
- Kobunin was a facility considered to be built by WAKE no Hiroyo in Heiankyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Kyoto) at the beginning of the Heian period.
- だが、直後に天皇が「病気」を理由に伊藤ら政府要人との謁見を拒む出来事が発生した。
- Immediately after his inauguration, however, the Emperor began rejecting audiences with government officials for health reasons.
- 二日は臨時客の儀に大勢の公達が訪れ、特に若者たちは噂の玉鬘に皆気もそぞろだった。
- On the second day, a lot of high-ranking nobles came over to the banquet for unexpected guests during the New Year's ceremonies, and the young men especially were all on tenterhooks because of the acclaimed Tamakazura.
- 自らも夢で桐壺帝に叱責され眼病で気弱になった朱雀帝はついに源氏の召還を決意した。
- Emperor Suzaku, who was also reprimanded by Emperor Kiritsubo in his dreams, became timid due to eye trouble and finally decided to recall Genji.
- 鎌足の病気平癒を祈り、天智天皇8年(669年)に山階寺(後の興福寺)を建立した。
- To pray for the recovery of Kamatari's illness, she established Yamashina-dera Temple (later Kofuku-ji Temple) in 669.
- 一気に陣営がやせ細ってしまった義貞は、兵庫まで兵を退いて体制の立て直しを図った。
- Yoshisada, whose forces had dwindled rapidly, pulled his troops back to Hyogo and attempted to regroup.
- 鳥取県衛生環境研究所の調査では、2005年4月に黄砂を含む大気中の成分を調べた。
- Tottori Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science investigated the components of the kosa-including air in April, 2005.
- 粒子の種類によって度合いは異なるものの、黄砂は空気中のさまざまな粒子を吸着する。
- Various particles stick to kosa, although how easily particles are stuck to kosa depends on the type of the particles.
- また、黄砂飛来時に大気中のダイオキシン類の濃度が増加するとの調査結果も出ている。
- There is also an investigation showing that the density of dioxin and dioxin-like particles in the air increased when kosa arrived.
- 梅雨前線は、気象学的にはモンスーンをもたらす前線(モンスーン前線)の1つである。
- The baiu front is meteorologically a front which brings monsoon (monsoon front).
- この池は病気に効くというので、村人は念仏を唱えながら賽銭を投げ入れていたという。
- The villagers believed that the pond cures diseases, and threw coins in it while chanting nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation).
- 加えて、明治2年(1869年)の大凶作により、一揆の気配までもが高くなっていた。
- In addition to that, a risk of uprising was mounting due to an extremely poor harvest in 1869.
- 私鉄の買収により、官設鉄道の現業部門である鉄道作業局の規模は一気に膨れあがった。
- With the acquisition of private railways, the scale of the Imperial Government Railway, the fieldwork agency of government railways, swelled enormously in a short period.
- 脚気の原因がわからなかった時代の日清・日露戦争は、まさに脚気との闘いでもあった。
- It could be said that the Sino-Japanese War (1894-'95) and the Russo-Japanese War, which were fought in an age when the causes for beriberi were unknown, were indeed, also struggles against beriberi.
- 延喜加持の巻で、醍醐天皇の病気を命蓮の加持祈祷の法力で治したという話が語られる。
- The story depicted on the scroll of Engi Kaji no Maki (Exorcism of the Emperor) is that Myoren healed the Emperor Daigo of a disease with the miraculous power of incantation and prayer.
- ほかにも愛知電気鉄道(後に名岐鉄道と合併して名古屋鉄道となる)の経営に携わった。
- He was also involved in the management of Aichi Electric Railway (later it merged with Meiki Railway and became Nagoya Railroad).
- 山水画、花鳥画に優れ精彩で巧みでありながら透き通るような気品のある作風であった。
- He was excellent in Sansui-ga (Chinese-style landscape painting) and Kacho-ga (painting of flowers and birds), and his style was not only vivid and skillful but also well-refined.
- 足立大尉は病気療養をしていた鳥取県の帰省先から勤務地である福岡県に戻る途中だった。
- After receiving medical treatment in his hometown, Tottori Prefecture, he was on his way back to Fukuoka Prefecture where he worked.
- 北陸各地の門徒達から偶々病気治療のために上洛する蓮誓に誓約書を託させて提出させた。
- They made the followers in various places in Hokuriku write covenants and hand them over to Rensei, who had a chance to come to Kyoto for the treatment of his disease, to turn them in.
- 諸制度の運用に関してはまだ柔軟性があり、天皇の気まぐれもまだ許容された時代だった。
- In this period, each system could be run flexibly, and Emperor's vagary could be accepted.
- 朝鮮では国王の父の大院君が政を摂し、鎖国攘夷の策をとり、意気おおいにあがっていた。
- In Korea, the King's father Daewongun governed the country instead of the King at that time, adopting the policy of national isolation and expulsion of foreigners, and Korean people was in high spirits.
- また、国民全体が清教徒のよく言えば純粋、悪く言えば独善的な行動に嫌気がさしていた。
- This made the nation of England grow tired of the puritans' innocence in a good sense but self-righteous activities in a bad sense.
- 貞享4年(1687年)4月9日:病気の馬遺棄者が遠流に処される(武蔵国村民10人)
- On April 9th, 1687, deserters of sick horses were ordered to exile (10 villagers in Musashi Province).
- 源氏は紫の上に気を遣いながらも、御堂の様子を見に行くとの口実でようやく大堰を来訪。
- Although worrying about Lady Murasaki, Genji goes over to Oi at last on the pretext that he would check on how the temple was going.
- 崇徳は如意山へと逃亡するが、気力を失い、ここまでしたがってきた為義たちとも別れる。
- Sutoku flees to Mt. Nyoisan, but he loses his energy there, parting from Tameyoshi and the others who had followed him until then.
- すると、いままでおだやかだった場が殺気立つようになり、みなの顔色も変ってきている。
- So, the calm atmosphere that had filled the place instead becomes bloodthirsty, and everybody there becomes pale.
- 天女は現在の竹野郡弥栄町の奈具神社に豊宇気毘売神として祀られることになったという。
- The tennyo was, they say, enshrined in Nagu-jinja shrine, Yasaka Town, Takeno County, as Toyoukehime no kami (a goddess of food).
- 日本気象協会が日本初の一般向けスギ花粉情報を開始したのは1987年3月9日である。
- The Japan Weather Association began the first Japanese cedar pollen information service for the general public on March 9, 1987.
- 通説では和気氏の大学別曹として機能したとされている(後述)が、早い時期に断絶した。
- It was commonly accepted that Kobunin played the role of daigaku besso (adjunct facility of daigaku-ryo - Bureau of Education under the ritsuryo system) of the Wake clan (mentioned later), but became defunct before long.
- 和気氏(わけうじ)は、備前国和気郡(古くは藤野郡と称した)を本拠とした豪族である。
- The Wake clan was a Gozoku (local ruling family) based in the Wake District (formerly Fujino District) of Bizen Province.
- 722年(養老6年)元正天皇の病気平癒を祈願し、その功により神融禅師の号を賜った。
- Taicho prayed for the healing of the ill Emperor Gensho in 722 and was granted the priestly name of Jinyu-zenji for his achievement.
- エキゾチックな日本舞踊と貞奴の美貌が評判を呼び、瞬く間に欧米中で空前の人気を得た。
- The performance received unprecedented popularity in Europe and America in no time as exotic Classical Japanese dance and the beauty of Sadayakko achieved reputation.
- 国幣大社は当初は存在せず、大正4年に国幣中社の気多大社などが昇格したのが最初である。
- Initially, there was no Kokuhei taisha (great-scale Kokuheisha), and in 1915, some Kokuhei chusha (medium-scale Kokuheisha) such as Kita-taisha Shrine were promoted to Kokuhei taisha for the first time.
- 夕霧 (源氏物語)は匂宮を婿にと望みもするが、自由な恋愛を好む当人にはその気がない。
- Yugiri (Evening Mist) (Genji Monogatari) wanted Niou Miya to marry his daughter, but Niou Miya was not interested in that because he preferred free love.
- 吉備津の釜(きびつのかま) - 色好みの夫に浮気され、裏切られた妻が、夫を祟り殺す。
- The Kibitsu Cauldron - A woman whose lecherous husband betrays her and has an affair with another woman curses and kills him.
- 気を失いかけた豊雄の前にまろやも姿を見せ、豊雄は恐ろしい思いをしてその夜を過ごした。
- Maroya too appears in front of Toyoo, who is about to faint, and he spends the night in terror.
- 自信たっぷりだったこの僧も、真女児に負け、毒気にあたって介抱の甲斐なく死んでいった。
- The confident monk, however, is defeated by Manago, and he dies of her poison despite their care.
- また、黄砂とは別の問題である大気汚染などが、黄砂の悪影響を増大させている側面もある。
- There is also the aspect that air pollution, not directly related to kosa, has increased bad effects of kosa.
- 更に睨み合いが続き、士気の低下を恐れた武田氏の重臣たちは、上杉軍との決戦を主張する。
- As the confrontation state extended further, senior vassals of the Takeda clan, fearing demoralization of its forces, insisted that they should start a decisive battle with Uesugi's forces.
- 松次郎の運命を左右することになったのが大阪の人気役者初代中村鴈治郎との提携であった。
- Matsujiro's partnership with Ganjiro NAKAMURA I who was a popular actor in Osaka determined his destiny.
- さすが定基も耐えられず、女に対して疎ましく思う気持ちが起こり、ようやく女を埋葬した。
- Unable to stand it any longer and feeling sorry for her, Sadamoto finally buried her.
- 3月15日、孝明天皇は和気清麻呂の功績を讃えて正一位と「護王大明神」の神号を贈った。
- On April 16, 1851, Emperor Komei praised WAKE no Kiyomaro's achievement and granted him Shoichii (Senior First Rank) and the title of god 'Goo Daimyojin.'
- 約半年に及ぶ滞在期間中に何人かの日本人を艦上に招待して、蒸気車の模型の運転を展示した。
- During his stay of almost over a half year, he invited a few Japanese guests on board to demonstrate a model steam locomotive in operation.
- 彼は電気椅子に1946年に座ったが、歴史上初めて処刑に失敗した死刑囚として有名である。
- He sat on an electrical chair in 1946 and he is known as the historically first condemned who failed the execution.
- 「その女は浮舟 (源氏物語)に違いない」と確信した薫は夢のような気がして涙を落とした。
- Kaoru was convinced that the woman in question was Ukifune (The Tale of Genji), and felt as if he had had a bad dream and shed tears.
- (『日本書紀』では当初、大碓命が東征の将軍に選ばれたが、彼は怖気づいて逃げてしまう。)
- (In the 'Nihonshoki,' Oousu no Mikoto was chosen as the general for the conquest in the eastern region at first, but he was seized with fear and fled.)
- そして源氏との仲も修復されたと思うもつかの間、秋の司召の夜に急に苦しんで呆気なく他界。
- After a brief period where she and Genji patched up their relationship, she suddenly started to suffer and died all too soon on the night of the autumn conference on promotions and appointments.
- 自分が謀反人とされている事に気づいた重保は奮戦したが、多勢に無勢で郎党共々殺害された。
- Shigeyasu, who realized that he was seen as a rebel, tried in vain to fight back against them but he and his vassals were killed.
- 黄砂は、大気汚染物質などと一緒に大気中に長くとどまり、周辺の雲の色を茶色く変色させる。
- Kosa remains in the air for a long time together with air-polluting substances and makes the color of the clouds around it brownish.
- なだらかで登山道が整備され比較的登りやすいため、登山初心者をはじめ登山客に人気が高い。
- Due to its moderate slopes, it is a relatively easy mountain to hike and is a popular hiking destination for beginners, as well as other hikers.
- 信長が本能寺の変に気付き、敵対勢力に対して本能寺で軍備を整えていたことを指摘している。
- It also showed that the Nobunaga noticed the Honnoji Incident and prepared armaments in the Honno-ji Temple against the enemy forces.
- また月の始まりも1日ではなく、二十四節気のうち月の前半に来る十二の節が月の始めになる。
- In addition, the starting point of each month is not the first day but the 12th of 24 'setsu' (divisions of the old calendar) in the first half of the month.
- 遊撃擺賽・千総李盆喬・把総劉遇節等2000人の援軍を得て再び兵気を回復して攻め寄せた。
- With the arrival of the 2,000 troops led by Chinese leaders ranger Haisen, Senso ribonkyo and Haso Ryogusetsu, the army regained energy and attacked the enemy.
- 博多沖の東路軍も時間差で、同じ台風ないしは熱帯低気圧によって壊滅したと見なされている。
- The Eastern Route Army is also considered to have perished shortly after that, due to the same typhoon or tropical cyclone.
- 文武天皇は、夜気王らを遣わして詔を述べさせ、壬申の乱での功によって正広参の位を贈った。
- Emperor Monmu sent Yakio (夜気王) and other vassals to impose an imperial edict that granted shokosan (the sixth grade of shoko rank for vassals of the forty-eight grades of cap rank) for his achievements in the Jinshin War.
- 体は弱い方だったが、人一倍衛生を重んじ、食物に気をつけて養生したので長命を得たという。
- It is said that although he was rather delicate in health, he took care of himself by extremely valuing the hygiene and paying attention to what he ate, he enjoyed a long life.
- 中でも清原は千鶴子に人の人体を透視して病気を診断させたり、手かざしによる治療を試みた。
- Above all, Kiyohara let Chizuko see through human bodies to diagnose a disorder, or tried to treat patients by tekazashi (waving one's hands over patients).
- 将軍・源実朝に近習として仕え、実朝のお気に入りであったことが『吾妻鏡』に記されている。
- It is recorded in 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East) that he served MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, shogun, as an attendant, and was favored by Sanetomo.
- 氏姓は当初、磐梨別公(いわなしわけのきみ)、のち藤野真人、和気宿禰、和気朝臣に改めた。
- Shisei (clan and hereditary title) was originally Iwanashiwake no kimi, but later he changed his name to Fujino no mahito, Wake no sukune, and Wake no ason.
- 特徴としてまず気づくのが、『万国公法』は時に意訳ともいえる大胆な訳となっている点である。
- The first characteristics to be noticed is that 'Bankoku Koho' is bold translation of which certain parts can be called free translation.
- イラク戦争を非合法的軍事力行使だとして従軍を拒否、イラク反戦の気運をもたらす一因を作る。
- He refused to deploy to Iraq, saying that the Iraq war was an illegal exercise of military force, and he contributed to the spreading anti-war sentiment.
- また、病気や災害などにより年貢を皆済できない百姓が村の根帳(人別帳)からはずれ町へ流入。
- Also, peasants who were not able to pay Nengu (annual taxes) due to sickness or disaster removed from the Ninbetsu-cho (ledgers of names of villagers of each village) and flowed into towns.
- 能員は密謀が北条氏に知られているとは全く気づかず、平服で僅かな供とともに北条邸に入った。
- As Yoshikazu did not know that the conspiracy had been already known by the Hojo's, he entered the Hojo's residence in plain clothes and with a small number of attendants.
- 紫の上も今は姫君の可愛らしさに魅了されて、明石の御方のことも少しは許す気になるのだった。
- Now Lady Murasaki is captivated by the sweet young lady, and feels like forgetting her bitterness toward Lady Akashi a little.
- 大君の後見に忙しい真木柱は、宮の御方には良縁と思うが大納言の気持を思うと躊躇してしまう。
- Makibashira, who is busy with acting as a guardian for Oigimi, thinks that it would be a good match for Miya no Onkata, but she hesitates about it considering Dainagon's feelings.
- しかし、北の方と共に引き取った祖父が手放そうとしなかったため、その後も狂気の母と暮らす。
- However, her grandfather took her and her mother in, and would not give her away, so she lived with her insane mother even after that.
- 日本で黄砂観測日数が増える年は、中国東北部で低気圧が発達しやすく、西風が強い傾向にある。
- In the years when the number of days when kosa was observed in Japan increased, there was a tendency that low pressure was likely to be generated in the northeastern part of China and western wind was strong.
- 平安時代後期以降、和気氏と丹波氏による世襲となり、典薬頭は専ら丹波氏の小森家が独占した。
- Starting in the late Heian period, appointment to the bureau became a hereditary privilege of the Wake and Tanba clans, and the Komori family of the Tanba clan achieved a complete monopoly over the position of Tenyaku no kami.
- 大気中を進むうちに、日光に含まれる紫外線によって、細菌の一部は死滅すると考えられている。
- It is considered that some of the bacteria in kosa are killed by ultraviolet rays included in sunlight.
- このことからかえって人気に拍車をかけることとなり、第二次世界大戦後の爆発的流行に至った。
- For this reason, it became even more popular and led to a runaway trend after the World War II.
- 開港後、日本人が次第に多く流入するようになると、これが失策だったことに気づくことになる。
- After opening the ports, there was an influx of Japanese into Korea, and they realized that admitting that provision was a mistake.
- 鉄道業等の陸上輸送事業は、1942年(昭和17年)3月に京福電気鉄道として分離発足した。
- The land transportation business, such as the railway business, was started separately with the foundation of Keifuku Electric Railroad in March 1942.
- 中心には、彼らがテンシュと呼ぶ一種の塔があり、私たちの塔より気品があり壮大な建築である。
- In the center of the castle town, there was a kind of tower that people called 'Tenshu,' which was more elegant and magnificent than the towers we know.
- だが、10世紀に入ると丹波氏・和気氏両氏による家学化が進み、内薬司は典薬寮に統合された。
- In the 10th century, I-do became almost the hereditary learning of the Tanba clan and the Wake clan, and the Naiyakushi was integrated into the Tenyakuryo.
- 中国の画家 董源や倪雲林、張秋谷らの影響がみられ、気韻生動、筆墨淡雅で、超俗の趣を持つ。
- Strongly influenced by Chinese painters such as Gen TO, Unrin GEI, and Shukoku CHO, his paintings are vivid, civilized, and supermundane.
- 備前藩は非常召集を行って大砲5門を以って砲撃、蒸気船二隻は逃走したが、帆船三隻に命中した。
- The Bizen Domain did an emergency call and sent five shots back, hitting the three sailing ships, although the two steamboats escaped.
- やがてたとえ権力者であろうとみだりにこれらの芸を披露すべきものではないという気骨を生んだ。
- Soon there appeared a spirit that Bunjin should not show off these arts frequently even to a powerful person.
- 海水面は縄文前期の中頃には現在より3メートルほど高くなり、気候も現在よりなお温暖であった。
- The sea level was three meters higher and the climate was warmer than today in the middle of the early Jomon period.
- しかし、事件の発端となったおぬいの浮気相手の松永寅次郎は京都の宇治へ行って難を逃れていた。
- However, Torajiro MATSUNAGA, who had an affair with Onui and caused the incident, was in Uji, Kyoto then and escaped from the mass murder.
- 明治の末年から大正デモクラシーの時期にかけて、女性参政権を求める気運が徐々に高まってくる。
- Beginning in the last year of the Meiji period, momentum toward women's suffrage had gradually increased through the Taisho democracy period.
- そしてそのまま、足が遠ざかっていた丸善に立ち寄るが、「私」はまた不安な気持ちにさせられる。
- Then 'I' stopped by Maruzen, which 'I' had not visited for a while, but the store makes 'me' uneasy again.
- そして最後に、店主の角屋徳右衛門に7日間の営業停止を申し渡し、意気揚々と引き上げたという。
- Finally, SERIZAWA issued a suspension of business for seven days to Tokuemon SUMIYA, the owner of the restaurant, and left in high spirits.
- 大学別曹における学問料の初例は和気広世が設置した弘文院によるものとされる(『日本後紀』)。
- It is said that the first case of Gakumonryo granted by Daigaku-besso was the one granted by Kobun-in, which was established by WAKE no Hiroyo ('Nihon Koki' (Later Chronicle of Japan)).
- 呪禁師は道教の影響を受けて成立し、呪術によって病気の原因となる邪気を祓う治療などを行った。
- The jugonshi came into existence through the influence of Daoism on Japan, and carried out medical treatments by purifying any ailments caused by supernatural or magical forces.
- 性質の違う2つの空気(気団という)がぶつかる所は大気の状態が不安定になり、前線が発生する。
- In any place where two air masses which are different in their natures collide with each other, the state of air becomes unstable and a front is spawned.
- 一時杉田玄白の娘と結婚、養子となったが離縁される(若気の至りか放蕩を重ねた故といわれる)。
- He was adopted by Genpaku SUGITA by marrying his daughter, however soon got disowned (as for the reason, it is said that Genshin had indulged in dissipation probably because he had been still young).
- だが、そこまでの経緯が経緯ゆえにもはや嵐自身も乗り気ではなく、僅か2作品で打ち止めとなった。
- But because of these circumstances, Arashi was not very enthusiastic; only two films were made, and that was the end of it.
- 駒込川の沢を脱出する際、第4小隊の水野中尉が従卒と共に卒倒の上凍死し、部隊の士気が下がった。
- Lieutenant Mizuno of the fouth platoon fainted along with his orderly and died while they were escaping from the stream of Komagome-gawa River, which lowered the morale of the troops.
- しかしながら、観測点に偏りがあることに加え、気象観測だけでは黄砂現象の解明には不十分である。
- However, the observation points are not placed uniformly nor weather observations alone are enough for understanding kosa phenomena thoroughly.
- また、兵士も占領した高麗人や漢民族を徴用した多民族軍であったため、士気が低かったと思われる。
- The army also seems to have had a low morale because it consisted of various ethnic groups, including people of Goryeo and Han who had been conquered.
- しかし、尼子義久が讒言を信じて宇山久兼を殺してしまうという一件があり、士気を沮喪していった。
- However, following an incident when Yoshihisa AMAGO killed Hisakane UYAMA after believing he had been slandered the army's spirits were gradually weakened.
- 波多野稙通はそのまま京に向かうと見せかけて、一気に南下し2月4日山崎城 (山城国)を陥れた。
- Pretending to leave for Kyoto, Tanemichi HATANO headed south, and took control of Yamazakijo Castle in Yamashiro Province on March 6.
- 781年(天応 (日本)元年)光仁天皇が病気になったとき美濃国固関使(こげんし)をつとめた。
- In 781, he served as Kogenshi (Barrier Closer Dispatched on Emergencies) of Mino Province when Emperor Konin became sick.
- 彼は船の上で蒸気機関車の鉄道模型を日本人に見せ、欧米の力を見せるべく、詳しい解説をおこなった。
- He showed Japanese model railways of steam locomotives on the ship and explained about them in detail in order to display the power of Western countries.
- 天誅組は菊の御紋の入った旌一流、「七生賊滅天後照覧」と大書された幟一本をつくり、士気を高めた。
- Tenchu-gumi made a flag with the Imperial chrysanthemum emblem in it and with the words 'Shichisho Zoku Metten Goshoran' (Heaven will see us to be born seven times to destroy traitors) written clearly with big characters, raising the group's morale.
- しかし、1855年に発生した安政の大地震にて東湖が圧死すると調停役を失った抗争は一気に泥沼化。
- However, when Toko was killed by the Ansei Great Earthquakes in 1855, the dispute, without a mediator, quickly became mired in a mess.
- 翌年の春、匂宮の中の君への思いはますます募るようになり、夕霧の六の君との縁談にも気が進まない。
- The following spring, Nioumiya comes to love Naka no Kimi more and more, and he is in no mood for the proposal of marriage with Yugiri's Roku no Kimi (Yugiri's sixth daughter).
- 写実でなく「写意」を旨とし、「気韻生動(風格・気品がいきいきと満ち溢れている)」を理想とした。
- It does not aim at realism, but at 'describing feelings,' and makes it ideal to 'be filled with lively grace and dignity.'
- 大伯父僧都によると母親が亡くなって10余年たち、北山に病気療養に来ていた光源氏に垣間見られる。
- According to her great-uncle, Sozu, ten years had passed since her mother's death before she was found by Hikaru Genji, who had visited Kitayama to receive medical treatment
- この付近の上空500m - 2kmより下の大気は大気境界層といい、空気の流れが複雑な層である。
- In these areas, the atmosphere under 500 m to 2 km above the ground is called the atmospheric boundary layer, and the air flow there is complicated.
- 湿度の高い気候に適応するため、袖口が広くなるなど風通しの良いゆったりとしたシルエットになった。
- Clothes became such that breathed well with opened-cuffs and loose-fitting to fit to a highly-humid climate.
- 日本で観測される黄砂は大気がかすみ、微量の砂が積もる程度で、大きな被害はほとんど報告されない。
- Even if kosa is observed in Japan, it only causes the sky to become slightly hazy and causes a small amount of sand to be accumulated on the ground, with hardly any serious damage reported.
- この気流はさらに東にまで伸びて南シナ海の熱帯モンスーン気団にも影響を与えており、関連性がある。
- This air current extends further to the east and influences tropical monsoon air mass on the South China Sea and has relationship.
- 2つの高気圧がせめぎあい、勢力のバランスがほぼつり合っているとき、梅雨前線はほとんど動かない。
- If two high-pressure systems struggle with each other and the strength of both systems is balanced, the baiu front hardly moves.
- また、梅雨前線が、勢力が弱まった台風や温帯低気圧とともに北上して一気に梅雨が明けることがある。
- In certain cases, the baiu front comes up to north together with a typhoon or tropical cyclone which has lost its strength and the baiu ends all of a sudden.
- 武田方は城兵の士気を挫くべく「援軍は来ない」と伝えれば助命すると提案し、これを鳥居は承諾する。
- Takeda offered to save his life if he falsely told the soldiers in the castle that 'reinforcements would not come' to lower their morale, and Torii agreed.
- 布施屋内の救護・宿泊施設では食料の配給、けがや病気の手当て、宿泊などのサービスが行われていた。
- Relief stations and lodging facilities in Fuseya provided such services as food distribution, lodging and treatment for injuries and illnesses.
- 市村座では若手の尾上菊五郎 (6代目)や中村吉右衛門 (初代)らを抜擢して育て、人気を博した。
- At the Ichimura-za Theater, he selected and trained Kikugoro ONOE (the sixth) and Kichiemon NAKAMURA, and the theater became highly popular.
- また交遊のあった中山高陽の画、沢田東江の書とともに金峨の画賛は江戸の名士達から人気が高かった。
- Together with Koyo NAKAYAMA's paintings and Toko SAWADA's calligraphy, both of whom Kinga associated with, Kinga's Gasan (inscriptions associated with paintings) enjoyed high popularity among prominent figures of Edo.
- しかし、国民各層にはその考え方が次第に浸透して行き、自由民権運動の気運が高まるきっかけとなった。
- However, the idea slowly seeped into every class of people and triggered the rise in the momentum toward Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).
- また、天御中主尊は伊勢の止由気ノ宮に祭ると記され、外宮の豊受大神と同一であることを示唆している。
- Also, Amenominakanushi no Mikoto is enshrined in Toyuke no Miya in Ise, which suggests Amenominakanushi no Mikoto is the same as Toyouke no Okami in Geku (the outer shrine of Ise).
- 「忠諒易直」が明治の世にあっては「無気無力」と断ぜられた背後には、人間に対する見方の変化がある。
- On the background that 'Churyoekichoku' was criticized as 'apathy and sense of powerlessness' in the Meiji period, there was a change of viewpoint on human beings.
- 源氏は少女の後見を申し出たが、結婚相手とするにはあまりに少女が幼いため、尼君は本気にしなかった。
- Genji offered to become her guardian, but the nun did not take it seriously because the girl was too young to marry.
- 山を降りた倭建命は、居醒めの清水(山麓の関ヶ原町あるいは米原市の両説あり)で正気をやや取り戻す。
- Climbing down the mountain, Yamato Takeru no Mikoto came to his senses again at the spring of Isame (there are two theories about where it was: present-day Sekigahara Town at the foot of the mountain or Yonehara City).
- 義朝は戦に勝つためには今夜にでも仕掛けて、一気に決選を挑むべきだと進言し、信西はこれを許可する。
- Yoshitomo advises that they should start a war that night and fight a decisive battle at once, and Shinzei accedes to the idea.
- 行基は結局、その人気に注目した政府によって登用され、大仏建立に尽力したことで大僧正の僧位を得た。
- In the end, the government noticed Gyoki's popularity and took him on, promoting him daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order) for his efforts and contribution to construction of daibutsu.
- 徳川軍の活躍により合戦に勝利したことを示すため織田軍が押され気味であったと記述しているとする説。
- A theory suggests that there was a description that Oda troops were losing ground in order to indicate that they won the battle because of the performance of Tokugawa's.
- 765年(天平神護元年)に吉備藤野和気真人の姓を賜り、768年(神護景雲2年)大尼に任じられた。
- In 765, she was given the surname 'Kibi no Fujinnowake no Mahito' and created 'Daini' (great female Buddhist monk) in 768.
- しかし頭以下の者は「病気である」とか「その器ではない」などと申し出て、全員出仕を拒否してしまった。
- However, all officials lower than Kashira did not go to work by saying that 'I am sick' or 'I am not good enough.'
- そのため、病気やお産などの際に身体から遊離した魂を屋根の上で衣を振るなどして招き戻す祭祀を行った。
- Therefore, during child labor or illness, a ritual of waving clothes on the roof was performed to lead the soul back to the body.
- 最後の氷河期が終わってから紀元前4000年頃までは、地球の気温は徐々に温暖化していった時期である。
- The temperature of the earth gradually warmed from the end of the last glacial age to approximately 4,000 B.C.
- しかし、他の妃たちの嫉妬や嫌がらせが原因か病気がちだった更衣は、3歳の皇子を残して病死してしまう。
- But, his often-ailing mother died when the Prince was three years old because of jealousy and bullying from the other consorts and intimates.
- 昔気質で気の利かない性質の為、引き取られてからも源氏を「こちらが恥ずかしくなる」と度々閉口させた。
- Her old-fashioned way of thinking and tactless nature often made Genji say 'I am ashamed' and embarrassed even after she was taken in by him.
- 源氏の兄朱雀帝は病気を患い出家しようとするが、後見人の居ない愛娘女三宮の将来が心配で躊躇している。
- Genji's older brother, Emperor Suzaku has fallen ill and thought of entering into priesthood, but he hesitates because he feels anxious about the future of his beloved daughter, Onna Sannomiya (the Third Princess), who does not have any guardian.
- 冷泉院は大喜びだがかえって周囲の者たちから嫉妬を買い、気苦労から大君は里下がりすることが多くなる。
- Emperor Reizei was greatly pleased, but Oigimi came to go back home frequently due to mental exhaustion because those around her were jealous.
- 光源氏と頭中将が試みに声をかけると、まるで妙齢の女性のように気のある素振りをして二人を辟易させる。
- When Hikaru Genji and Tono Chujo (the first secretary's captain) tried approaching her, she would pretend to be interested in them as if she were a young lady, which would quickly disinterest them.
- 「黄砂」という語でひとくくりにされているが、この語を気象学的に定義すると複数の現象が含まれている。
- The term actually includes more than one phenomenon when it is defined meteorologically, while they are collectively called 'kosa.'
- - 黒船来航時、船上でマシュー・ペリーに供されたさいに気に入られ、のち対米輸出品目第1号となった。
- Matthew PERRY liked it when it was served on board during the arrival of his black ships, and it became the first item imported to the U.S.
- 梅雨期間の終了発表のことを俗に梅雨明け宣言というが、気象庁の発表によって梅雨が明けるわけではない。
- Announcement of the end of the period of baiu is called tsuyuake sengen (declaration of tsuyuake), but baiu does not end because of the declaration by the Japan Meteorological Agency.
- 低気圧に向かって南西から湿った空気が流れ込み、その空気が山脈にぶつかって局地的な豪雨となりやすい。
- Wet air flows into the low-pressure system from southwest and clashes to mountains and causes torrential rain locally.
- 日本海側で豪雨になりやすいのが、日本海南部に停滞する梅雨前線付近を低気圧が東に進むパターンである。
- The pattern in which low-pressure system advances to the east in the vicinity of the baiu front which is stationary in the south Japan Sea tends to cause torrential rain on the Japan Sea side.
- 翌弘仁元年(810年)、平城が平城京への遷都を嵯峨に命令すると、嵯峨は一気にクーデタに踏み切った。
- When in the next year, 810, Heizei commanded Saga to relocate the capital to Heijo-kyo, Saga decided to raise a coup d'etat.
- しかし、成長するにつれて憲平の精神はしだいに変調をきたし、狂気の兆候をあらわすようになっていった。
- However, as he grew up, the mental state of Norihira was altered and he started to show signs of madness.
- これは日本の国際協調気運を高め、民主主義的な運動・自由主義的な運動をさらに激化させることとなった。
- This built the momentum for international cooperation in Japan and intensified the movements for democracy and liberalism.
- ただし、和気氏そのものが広世の没後に振るわなかった事もあり、程なく衰微していったと考えられている。
- Partly because the Wake clan was not so prosperous after Hiroyo died, it was considered that the Kobunin was shortly ruined.
- しかしこの海戦の結果、石山本願寺への兵糧や武器の搬入は滞るようになり、石山本願寺の士気も低下した。
- However, the delivery of provisions and weapons to Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple decreased after this naval battle and they felt demoralized.
- 一、戦、自然も我が勝利と相成り候気鋒相見え候とき、其節朝廷へ申上げきっと尽力の次第これあり候との事
- Article 2 : When the Choshu Domain's victory is near at hand, the Satsuma Domain shall immediately appeal to the Imperial Court to back up Choshu and make every effort to mediate a peace.
- 坪内逍遥の『小説神髄』や『当世書生気質』と出会った露伴は、文学の道へ志す情熱が芽生えたと言われる。
- Discovering 'Shosetsu shinzui' (The Essence of Novels) and 'Tosei shosei katagi' (The Character of Modern Students) by Shoyo TSUBOUCHI, he passionately pursued literature.
- 松次郎の武器は、関西を中心とする鴈治郎の絶大な人気と、興行における近代的なシステムの導入であった。
- His strengths included the utmost popularity of Ganjiro in Kansai region and the introduction of a modern theatrical promotion system.
- その後、昭和3年研成義塾が創立30周年を祝ったとき、内村は病気のため出席できず、祝辞が代読された。
- When the 30th anniversary of Kenseigijuku was celebrated in 1928, Uchimura could not attend because of his sickness, and thus someone else read his congratulatory message for him.
- この弊害に、名君といわれる大名は早くから気づいており、殉死を抑えようとしたが、あまり効果は無かった。
- The daimyo (a feudal lord) who was known as a wise ruler noticed the harmful influence of junshi earlier and tried to stop it, but it wasn't effective enough.
- 翌24年(1555年)の厳島の戦いで晴賢が元就に敗れて自害すると、大黒柱を失った大内家は一気に衰退。
- After Harukata was defeated by Motonathe in the Battle of Itsukushima in the next year 1555 and killed himself, the Ouchi family which lost the pillar declined at a stretch.
- 中の君は薫の気持ちをそらそうとして、亡き大君に似た異母妹の浮舟 (源氏物語)がいることを薫に教えた。
- Naka no Kimi tried to divert Kaoru's attention, and told him about her younger sister by a different mother, Ukifune, who looked like the late Oigimi.
- 明けて新年、相変わらず塞ぎこんでいる玉鬘に髭黒もようやく出仕を許す気になり、玉鬘は華々しく参内する。
- When the New Year came, Higekuro finally allowed Tamakazura, who spent her days in mourning, to serve at the Imperial palace, and she made a splendid entrance.
- (その人柄は、自由気ままで、規則にこだわらず、皇子でありながら謙虚な態度をとり、人士を厚く遇した。)
- (He acted freely, not worrying about rules; even though he was a prince, he behaved with modesty and treated people politely.)
- また紙幣の洋紙が日本の高温多湿の気候に合わなかったためか損傷しやすく変色しやすいという欠陥があった。
- Also, they had defects that they were easily damaged and discolored probably because the Western paper used for Japanese bills were not suitable for the Japanese climate of high temperature and humidity.
- しかしながら、大戦が終わるとその反動による深刻な不景気に苦しみ、そこに関東大震災が追い討ちをかけた。
- However, when the great war ended, Japan was troubled because the economy was seriously depressed due to reaction to the previous demand, followed by the Great Kanto Earthquake as well.
- 相手を討つことの正当性を示すためなどに行われ、合戦においては味方の士気を上げるためのものでもあった。
- Nanori was performed in order to show the legitimacy of attacking an opponent as well as to boost moral of allies during battle.
- また、気は万物を構成する要素で運動性をもち、理は根本的実在として気の運動に対して秩序を与えるとする。
- Further, 'Ch'i' is a component of everything and has mobility, and 'Li' gives order to the movement of 'Ch'i' as a fundamental existence.
- 1973年以降は、菅原文太の実録物『仁義なき戦い』シリーズ、『トラック野郎』シリーズが人気を呼んだ。
- After 1973 docudramas starring Bunta SUGAWARA including the 'Jingi Naki Tatakai' (Battles Without Honor and Humanity) Series and 'Torakku Yaro' (Truck Men) Series became popular.
- また国友一貫斎(藤兵衛重恭)は「気砲」と呼ばれる蓄気ボンベ式の空気銃や高性能望遠鏡の開発で知られる。
- Ikkansai KUNITOMO (Tobeshigeyuki) was known for the development of high power telescopes and a compressed gas cylinder air gun called a 'kiho.'
- また京阪電気鉄道藤森駅は開業当初師団前という名称であった(1941年(昭和16年)に現名称に改称)。
- Furthermore, Fuji no Mori Station of Keihan Electric Railway Corporation had the name, Shidan mae (front of division) around the time it was established (it was renamed to the current name in 1941).
- 人の死に関わったり、病気・事故・戦争などでの死牛馬の処理に関わったりする者を、賎民とするものである。
- Those who were related to the death of people and to the processing of dead livestock due to diseases, accidents, wars and others were defined as Senmin.
- 小早川隆景は、勇猛果敢に戦い武士の意気を示し討ち死にした武将達を称えて野々市原に千人塚を建て弔った。
- Takakage KOBAYAKAWA honored the military commanders (busho), who had fought so bravely and died on the battlefield, showing the spirit of samurai, and gave them a cordial burial by constructing a memorial mound for 1,000 commanders (senninzuka) at Nonoichihara.
- 入植者は一気に増え開発が進むが、札幌・小樽方面の反発と日清戦争の始まりによって計画が頓挫してしまう。
- The number of immigrants drastically increased and development of Hokkaido proceeded, but the plan of the detached palace was aborted due to backlash from Sapporo and Otaru and the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War.
- 和気広虫(わけ の ひろむし、天平2年(730年) - 延暦18年(799年))は、奈良時代の女官。
- WAKE no Hiromushi (730-799) was a lady-in-waiting in the Nara period.
- そのため壬申の乱の前に馬来田は病気を称して都から退き、弟の大伴吹負とともに倭(大和国)の自宅にいた。
- Because of this, Makuta left the capital under the pretense of illness before the Jinshin War and stayed at home in Yamato (Yamato Province) with his brother, OTOMO no Fukei.
- このとき住友上海洋行(支店)の支配人が、商事会社を設立することの必要性を力説し総本店の空気を伝えた。
- At that time, the manager of Sumitomo Shanghai Yoko (branch) strongly insisted the necessity of the establishment of trading company, and told him the consensus of the head office.
- 野呂 元丈の功績を讃え、出身地の三重県多気郡多気町波多瀬に「元丈の館」という記念館が設置されている。
- There is a memorial house of Genjo NORO called the 'House of Genjo' to praise his achievements in his hometown of Hatase, Taki Town, Taki County, Mie Prefecture.
- 1903年、井上勝が中心となって設立した汽車製造で軸配置1B1タンク機の国鉄230形蒸気機関車が完成。
- In 1903, the Japan National Railways model 230 steam locomotive with an axis arrangement 1B1 tank machine was completed at Kisha Seizo founded by Masaru INOUE and his group.
- 急激な気候の変化による植生や動物相、海岸線の移動などの環境の変化に対応した道具が次々に考案されていった
- The new tools were invented quickly in succession to accommodate environmental changes such as vegetation and animal fauna due to the rapid change in climate and shoreline migration.
- 五月頃に懐妊し体調の悪い状態が続くが、経験に乏しい匂宮はそれに気づかず、中の君は心さびしい日々が続く。
- She became pregnant around May and remained in poor physical condition, but inexperienced Nioumiya did not notice and Naka no Miya spent her days in loneliness.
- その後源氏は二条東院の末摘花 (源氏物語)や空蝉 (源氏物語)を訪問、女君たちの身の回りに気を配った。
- Then Genji looked in on Suetsumuhana (The Safflower) (The Tale of Genji) and Utsusemi (lady of the cicada shell) (The Tale of Genji) at the east lodge at Nijo, and was considerate of his lesser ladies.
- 貞徳の一門による俳諧連歌は「貞門派」と呼ばれ一時代を築き、堅苦しい正統の連歌をしのぐ程の人気を誇った。
- Haikai renga, as created by the Teitoku School, were called 'Teimon ha' (Teimon School), characterizing a period in history, and their popularity nearly exceeded that of the stiff, orthodox renga.
- 午前7時頃、比較的冷静だった倉石大尉は斥候隊を募り、比較的元気な15名が馬立場方面への斥候へ向かった。
- Around 7 a.m. Captain Kuraishi, who was relatively calm, collected some soldiers as a patrol troop and 15 people who remained relatively strong started off toward Umatateba.
- 日本では、気象庁により、黄砂とは大陸性の土壌粒子によって視程が10km以下になる現象と定義されている。
- In Japan, the Meteorological Agency defines kosa as the phenomenon in which visibility is reduced to less than 10 km due to soil particles originating on the continent.
- 黄砂が飛来するときに細菌やカビを吸着し、それが繁殖しやすい気温や湿度となるためではないかとされている。
- The reason is considered that, when kosa came floating, bacteria and mold stuck to kosa particles and multiplied themselves in a condition of an appropriate temperature and humidity for them.
- 梅雨の時期の大雨や豪雨の事例を見ていくと、気圧配置や気象状況にある程度のパターンがあるといわれている。
- It is said that, if you look into cases of heavy rain and torrential rain during the period of baiu, there are certain patterns.
- 一方、梅雨期間中の晴れ間は梅雨晴れ(つゆばれ)または梅雨の晴れ間と呼ばれ、特に気温が高く、湿度も高い。
- On the other hand, sunny spells during the period of baiu is called 'tsuyubare' or 'tsuyu no harema,' and during such periods, the air temperature gets high and humidity is also high.
- 南部から東部にかけては竜門山地がそびえ立ち、その冷涼な気候を利用して大和茶や素麺の生産が行われている。
- From the southern to the eastern part, Ryumon Mountain District soars, and the cool climate enables to produce Yamato-cha tea leaves and somen (Japanese vermicelli).
- 京方の士気は大いに上がり、「朝敵となった以上は、義時に参じる者は千人もいないだろう」と楽観的であった。
- Morale among the capital faction became very high, and they optimistically predicted that, given the fact Yoshitoki had been declared a traitor and an enemy of the Court, he would probably not be able to find even 1000 men to stand with him.
- このため、とくに日清戦争後の台湾平定戦では、高温という脚気が発生しやすい条件も重なり、患者が急増した。
- Consequently, the number of the patients rapidly increased particularly in the battle to suppress Taiwan after the Sino-Japanese with another cause that beriberi is prone to occur at high temperatures.
- 癇性な義教は「何事であるか」と叫ぶが、傍らに座していた三条実雅は「雷鳴でありましょう」と呑気に答えた。
- Yoshinori, a hot-tempered person, asked in a loud voice 'What the matter?' but Sanemasa SANJO who had a seat next to him answered lightheartedly, 'It must be a peal of thunder.'
- それを、明治期の陸軍が教科書に史実として記載したことから、一気に「三段撃ち」説が広まったものとされる。
- This was described as a historical fact in a textbook by the Army in the Meiji period, so that 'sandan-uchi' became widely spread.
- 脚気は感染症であるという説を生涯主張し当時の日本医学会では定説となっていたが、現在では否定されている。
- He insisted all his life that beriberi was an infectious disease, which became an established theory in Japanese Association of Medical Sciences at that time, but it is refused at present.
- いくら酔狂な坊主でも抜き身の槍を見れば震え上がるだろうと思っていた近藤のまなじりに、怒気が上ってきた。
- KONDO, who thought that an eccentric priest as he was, he would be terrified to see the naked blade, got angry.
- また、出身地の岡山県和気町には、和気氏一族の氏神和気神社が鎮座し、和気清麻呂・和気広虫が祀られている。
- In his hometown, Waki-cho, Okayama Prefecture, the Waki clan's tutelary god, Wake-jinja Shrine is located, and WAKE no Kiyomaro and WAKE no Hiromushi are enshrined there.
- その中で4両あったシャープ・スチュアート社製の国鉄160形蒸気機関車が最も使いやすかったといわれている。
- Among them, four type-160 steam locomotives of Japanese National Railways made by Sharp, Stewart & Co. Ltd. were said to be the easiest to use.
- 上記は制度改革について論じたものの例であるが、一方で国民の考え方、気風を変えるべきとの姿勢も顕著である。
- The above was an example which was discussed about reforms of system, on the other hand, it had a clear stance that they should change people's way of thinking and spirit.
- 男装の女児である「若君」は男性として宮廷に出仕するや、あふれる才気を発揮し、若くして出世街道を突き進む。
- As soon as the girl wearing male clothes enters the Imperial Court as 'a young prince,' she shows her ability and takes the high road to success, while she is still young.
- が、養賢にはそのような俗欲が無い、と言うよりも端から理解できず、そして母の期待に応える気持ちも無かった。
- However, Yoken did not share this desire, or rather, he did not understand such things in the first place or have any intention of meeting his mother's expectations.
- 1906年初め、第1次西園寺内閣が成立すると、同政権の融和政策のもとで社会主義政党設立の気運が高まった。
- The first Saionji Cabinet was formed at the beginning of 1906; under the appeasement policy of the cabinet, there was a growing tendency among socialists to establish political parties.
- しかし、下克上を旨とする戦国時代の気風は文化をも覆い、次第に豪壮を旨とする桃山文化の発露への布石となる。
- However, the general atmosphere of the sengoku jidai, which made gekokujo a principle covered culture also and became preparations for the manifestation of Momoyama culture which made 'splendid' a principle.
- 君が代の歌詞が難解、雰囲気が陰鬱という点を取り上げて、君が代が好きになれないという意見を述べる者もいる。
- There are certain persons who state they cannot like Kimigayo because the words are difficult to understand and the atmosphere of the song is cheerless.
- 蒸気機関車だけに限定しても、タンク機関車103形式、テンダー機関車84形式、あわせて187形式に及んだ。
- Looking at only steam locomotives, there were as many as 187 forms, combined with 103 forms of tank locomotive and 84 forms of tender locomotive.
- 彼は朱子の理気二元論に異を唱え、理と気は一体不可分であるとし、また「知行合一」を称揚して実践を重視した。
- Cheng Chatoo (Hagok) objected to the dualism of ri and ki advocated by Zhu Xi, instead preaching that ri and ki are inseparable and, extolling 'chigyo goitsu', placed a strong emphasis on practice.
- そのため、春分とそこから15日単位の日(すなわち二十四節気)には京都のあちこちで貴族の大移動が見られた。
- Therefore, many nobles were seen to travel from one direction to another here and there in Kyoto on the Vernal Equinox Day and then every fifteen days (that is, 24 divisions of the old calendar).
- 女娘は別れを悲しみながらも、玉匣(たまくしげ)を渡し「戻ってくる気ならゆめゆめ開けるなかれ」と忠告する。
- Tearfully saying goodbye to him, his wife gave him a tamakushige (a casket) and warned him, 'Never, ever open the casket if you want to come back again.'
- 清麻呂の子和気広世などは学者として朝廷に仕え、広世は和気氏出身者のための大学別曹の弘文院を設置している。
- Kiyomaro's son WAKE no Hiroyo served the Imperial court as a scholar, and established Kobun-in, which was a Daigaku-besso (academic facility for nobles) for the members of the clan.
- (東北地方・北陸地方などでは雪融け水が利用できるため、夏季の気温要件が充分なら可耕地が更に広く出来た。)
- (In the Tohoku and Hokuriku regions, due to the availability of meltwater, cultivable lands were made even larger if the temperature in the summer was appropriate.)
- 1909年には、義侠心から人気の低迷していた人形浄瑠璃(文楽)の経営権を譲りうけ、保存と振興に尽力する。
- In 1909 he acquired a right of management of Ningyo Joruri (or Bunraku, the Japanese puppet theater), which was losing its popularity, in the spirit of Robin Hood, doing the best he could for its preservation and promotion.
- 創刊時には一気に4冊出版しているが、雑誌の行く末が危ぶまれた時には月に一回しか発行しなかったこともあった。
- Although four volumes were successively published at the time when the publication had just begun, there was a month in which the issue was made only once because of the concerns about the future of the bulletin.
- 長州藩はフランス船、オランダ船を砲撃して、意気を大いに揚げ、朝廷からも攘夷決行を称賛する御沙汰が下される。
- Bombarding a French ship as well as a Dutch ship, Choshu Domain greatly raised morale of Joi ha and the Imperial Court gave Choshu Domain words of praise for the decisive action the Domain took.
- 宝暦年間には「日本第一の土地」とまで称されて、「江戸っ子」と呼ばれる独自の気質を持った町人たちが台頭した。
- By the Horeki era, Edo had gained recognition as 'Japan's foremost land' spurred by the emergence of the town people called as 'Edokko' for their distinctive spirit.
- しかし、漠然ながら自分の出生に疑念を感じていた薫は、人生を味気なく思い、悶々と出家の志を抱え過ごしていた。
- However, Kaoru, who had a vague suspicion about his birth, considered his life somewhat dull, and led his life thinking of becoming a priest.
- 益田は、三十六歌仙の中でも最も人気が高く、最高値の4万円が付けられていた「斎宮女御」の入手をねらっていた。
- Masuda aimed to obtain the picture of the 'High priestess' that was the most sought-after among 36 poets with the highest price of 40,000 yen.
- 応仁の乱以後、古典復興の気運が高まり、地方豪族、特に国人領主層に京都文化への関心と連歌の大流行が見られた。
- After the Onin War, there was a growing trend towards a revival of the classics, and powerful local clans, especially local lords and lords of fiefs, were interested in the culture of Kyoto and remarkably enthusiastic about renga.
- 病に臥せっているうちに興義は、自分が死んだことにも気づかないで、杖を頼りに琵琶湖にまで出て、入り、泳いだ。
- While Kogi was sick in bed, he didn't notice that he was dead and instead went to Lake Biwa, with the use of his walking stick, and swam there.
- 大気汚染指数は0 - 500の数値で表され、300以上が「重度」とされており、今回は最悪の数値を記録した。
- Because a value between 0 and 500 is used for the air pollution index, with values of 300 or more considered 'serious,' this was the worst value recorded until now.
- 文禄の役の際に一気に平壌まで侵攻されたのはこの副使の報告に従い、なんら用意をしていなかったためともされる。
- In the Bunroku War, Korea was invaded up to Pyongyang, but it is said that this was because the Korean side made no preparation for the war based on the deputy head's opinion.
- インドをはじめとした南アジアや東南アジアのモンスーンは、インド洋に端を発するモンスーンの気流が原因である。
- Monsoons in the South Asia including India and Southeast Asia are caused by air current of monsoon originated in the Indian Ocean.
- (ただし、その航海食はビタミン不足であり、後年、艦船の行動範囲拡大などにより、脚気患者が大幅に増加した。)
- (Nevertheless the diet during a voyage was short of vitamins, and the number of patients having beriberi significantly grew.)
- 643年10月、蝦夷は病気を理由に朝廷の許しも得ずに紫冠を入鹿に授け大臣となし、次男を物部の大臣となした。
- In October, 643, due to his sickness, Emishi handed over his rank Shikan to Iruka which allowed him to be a minister and let his second son to be Mononobe minister without the permission from the Imperial Court.
- 7月31日、第3旅団・第4旅団・別働第3旅団は大雨で水嵩の増した大淀川を一気に渡って宮崎市街へ攻め込んだ。
- On July 31, the 3rd brigade, the 4th brigade, and the detached 3rd brigade bravely crossed the Oyodo-gawa River that was swollen by heavy rain and invaded the urban area of Miyazaki.
- 信西入道(藤原通憲)が主導した保元年間の大内裏復興、朝儀再興の気運の下に製作が開始されたともいわれている。
- It is said that 'Nenchu-gyoji Emaki' started to be created during the Hogen era (1156-1158) led by Shinzei Nyudo (FUJIWARA no Michinori) under the mood of Dai-dairi (place of the Imperial Palace and government offices) revival and chogi (ceremony at Imperial Court) restoration.
- 法性寺流の書法は子の九条兼実、孫の九条良経らに受け継がれ、当時の書法の人気を世尊寺流とのあいだで二分した。
- The shoho of Hosshoji school was succeeded by his children, Kanezane KUJO and his grandchild, Yoshitsune KUJO; the popularity in shoho at that time was split by both Sesonji school and Hosshoji school.
- 以上のように切捨御免は武士の特権としては認められてはいたものの、気ままに実行出来るようなものではなかった。
- As shown above, although Kirisutegomen was admitted as a privilege granted to samurai warriors, it was impossible to use the privilege easily.
- なお大田黒重五郎(実業家(水力電気事業)、元東芝専務)は東京外国語学校および東京商業学校での親友であった。
- By the way, Jugoro OTAGURO (a businessman who was involved in business of hydropower and a former executive managing director of Toshiba) was a close friend of Shimei while they studied at Tokyo Gaikokugo Gakko and Tokyo Shogyo Gakko.
- 1877年2月、住友家第十二代家長・住友吉左衛門12代目 友親は、病気のため広瀬宰平を総理代人に指名した。
- In February 1877, Tomochika who was the twelfth head of Sumitomo family and the twelfth Kichizaemon SUMITOMO designated Saihei HIROSE to the administrative director due to Tomochika's disease.
- 現在でも忠臣とされ、東京都千代田区大手町の気象庁付近や、岡山県和気町の和気神社境内など、各地に銅像がある。
- Even now, he is considered as a loyal subject and his bronze statues are placed in various places such as in the vicinity of the Japan Meteorological Agency in Ote-machi, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo and in the premise of Wake-jinja Shrine in Wake-cho, Okayama Prefecture.
- 8700形以外は当時の最新技術である過熱蒸気を採用していたが、いずれも東海道線や山陽線の旅客列車を牽引した。
- With the exception of the 8700, all models used superheated steam which was the latest technology at the time and were placed in service to pull passenger trains on the Tokaido Line and Sanyo Line.
- 啓蒙の目的の一つは民衆の無気力・権力への卑屈さを克服することにあるが、それらは専制政府によってもたらされる。
- One of the aims of enlightenment was to overcome people's spiritless and abjection to power, which were delivered by autocratic government.'
- 江戸幕府は天皇の居住する京都に近い畿内は攘夷気分が強く情勢不穏であるとして、兵庫開港を延ばしに延ばしていた。
- The Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) repeatedly postponed the opening of the port in Hyogo, citing the fact that it was in the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) and thus close to Kyoto, where the Emperor lived, and pointing out the region was dangerously unstable due to the strong joi ('expulsion of foreigners') sentiment there.
- しかし母を亡くした二人の娘が気掛かりで出家する事もままならずに俗体のままで過ごし、「俗聖」とも呼ばれていた。
- But he was so anxious about his daughters, who had lost their mother, that he could not renounce the world, stayed in a nonclerical appearance and was also called 'the saint who is still in this world'.
- 大蔵卿であった大隈重信は、1879年に大量の公債を発行してそれを元手に一気に紙幣の整理を行うことを提唱した。
- In 1879, Shigenobu OKUMA, who served as Okura-kyo (minister of the treasury), proposed that a large amount of government bonds be issued and used for readjusting paper money all at once.
- 大峠まで捜索活動を行ったが、この日の気温は-14℃であり、風雪も厳しく、捜索を断念して田茂木野へ引き返した。
- They returned to Tamogino after searching to Otouge due to temperatures as low as -14 degrees Celsius, harsh wind and snow.
- 大韓民国気象庁は、各地域の梅雨入りや梅雨明けの発表を行っており、事前に梅雨入りや梅雨明けの予想も行っている。
- Korea Meteorological Administration announces tsuyuiri and tsuyuake of each region and carries out also forecast of tsuyuiri and tsuyuake in advance.
- 冷泉の狂気はすでに誰の目にもあきらかな状態に至っており、その在位は短期間であることが当初から予測されていた。
- Reizei's madness was already apparent to everyone and it was predicted from the beginning that his rule would be short.
- 騒然とした雰囲気のなか、正午過ぎの午後1時20分天皇は自動車に乗って到着し、進講のため本部の会議室に入った。
- The Emperor arrived by car at 1:20 pm in an atmosphere of disquiet and entered a conference room in the headquarters in order to have a briefing.
- 2月26日、前年から形勢を伺い上洛を引き伸ばしていた当時の藩主織田信学は、病気を理由に嫡男信敏を入京させた。
- On March 19, Nobumichi ODA who was then lord of the domain and who had put off going to Kyoto to see how the situation would develop made his eldest son and heir Nobutoshi ODA go to Kyoto on account of his ill health.
- 歌舞伎十八番『暫』(しばらく)では景政が主役として登場し、今日に至るまで人気演目の一つとして親しまれている。
- In 'Shibaraku,' which is one of the Kabuki juhachiban (the eighteen best plays of the Ichikawa family of kabuki actors), Kagemasa appears as the main character and this play has been well known among the Japanese people from generation to generation and has been one of the most popular plays always.
- 官軍の証である錦旗の存在は士気を大いに鼓舞すると共に、賊軍の立場となった江戸幕府側に非常に大きな打撃を与えた。
- While the banner of the Imperial army helped boost the morale of the soldiers of its army very much, it gave a serious shock to the soldiers of the Edo shogunate's army, who came to feel that their army turned into the rebel army.
- これによれば行財政整理とともに新たに5,000万円の外債を募集して一気に不換紙幣を償却するというものであった。
- This proposed administration and financial adjustment as well as to raise loan of 50-million-yen worth foreign government bonds to redeem all the inconvertible paper money at once.
- 中村正直の「人民の性質を改造する説」(第30号)、西周の「国民気風論」(第32号)などにその特徴が濃厚である。
- This character was apparently shown in 'An idea to change people's character' (No.30) written by Masanao NAKAMURA and 'A theory on people's sprit' (No.32) by Amane NISHI.
- この結果、日清戦争と日露戦争の軍歴により国民的人気の高かった木越は、中将のまま定年前に予備役に編入させられた。
- As a result, Kigoshi who earned his high reputation through Sino-Japanese War and Russo-Japanese War from the public was transferred to reserve duty retaining the title of Chujo (lieutenant general) before his retirement.
- それを好機と見た、かつての天狗党派の者たちが一気に勢力を逆転し、今度は親の敵とばかりに諸生党を激しく弾圧した。
- The remnants of Tenguto took advantage of the opportunity, regained power and severely clamped down shoseito.
- 紫の上の病状も小康状態になった夏の末頃、見舞いにやって来た源氏は偶然柏木からの恋文を見つけ、事の真相に気付く。
- At the end of the summer, when Murasaki no ue's condition is stable, Genji, who calls on her to inquire after her health, happens to find a love letter from Kashiwagi and finds out the truth.
- ある時氷を弄んでいる女一宮の美しい姿を垣間見た時は、それと同じ装いを女二宮にさせて気の慰みにしようとしている。
- After he caught a glimpse of the beautiful figure of Onna Ichinomiya, who was playing with ice, he tried to have some fun by making Onna Ninomiya wear the same costume.
- ところが、朱鳥元年(686年)に天武天皇の病気が草薙剣の祟りとわかり、剣は再度熱田神宮に祭られることになった。
- However, in 686, it was found that the curse of the Kusanagi sword was causing the sickness of the Emperor Tenmu, and the sword came to be enshrined at the Atsuta-jingu Shrine once more.
- つまり、『世間猿』と『妾形気』の浮世草子二作品と、『雨月物語』という読本作品は連続したもの、という考えである。
- In short, these two Ukiyo zoshi works, 'Sekenzaru' and 'Tekake katagi,' and the Yomihon 'Tales of Moonlight and Rain' were series.
- この理由として、梅雨の時期は寒気を伴った激しい集中豪雨が発生しにくいこと、台風が接近しにくいことが挙げられる。
- As reasons for this, it is mentioned that, in the period of baiu, localized torrential rain accompanied by cold does not occur often and that typhoon does not come often.
- 合併後も区分変更は行われていないために同じ五條市内で天気予報の発表区分および警報・注意報の発表区分が2つある。
- Since a revision of the classifications has not made even after the merger, there are two classifications to issue weather forecast, weather warning and advisory in the same Gojo City.
- しかし、前線の南北を構成する気団は、お互いの温度差が小さいため、通常はほとんどが乱層雲の弱い雨雲で構成される。
- On the other hand, air masses which compose the north and south of the front consist normally of weak rain cloud of nimbostratus because the difference in temperature between them is small.
- 小笠原諸島は初夏より太平洋高気圧に支配されて梅雨前線が近付けず、真夏の空気に包まれるため、こちらも梅雨がない。
- Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Islands) have no baiu because the Pacific anticyclone is dominant since the early summer and the baiu front cannot come close and the region is covered by the real summer air.
- また、とりわけ、六時礼讃の念仏に節をつけた念仏興行で人気を博していた安楽房遵西や法本房行空が攻撃の的にされた。
- In particular, Anrakubo Junsai and Hohonbo Gyoku were attacked because of their popularity with Nenbutsu shows which featured a tune similar to the Rokuji-Raisan nenbutsu.
- 小辺路の気象は通年での観測記録を欠くが、十津川・野迫川の両村内もしくは高野山での観測記録から概要を推測できる。
- Although there is no year-round record of the weather of Kohechi, it can be roughly estimated from the record of observations in Totsukawa Village and Nosegawa Village, or from those in Mt. Koya.
- 元就は悲しみを顔に出さず「隆元への追善は尼子氏の撃滅のほかになし」と将兵を諭したので、全軍の士気は奮い立った。
- Motonari tried to conceal his grief and talked to his soldiers, saying, 'The only thing for the repose of Takamoto's soul is to destroy the Amago clan,' and the morale of the whole army soared.
- 食糧も欠乏しつつあり、士気を高めるため織田信忠隊がいる加茂砦に翌天正7年(1579年)の正月明け夜襲をかけた。
- As they were running out of provisions, in order to boost the morale of soldiers, a night raid was conducted to Fort Kamo which troops of Nobutada ODA defended immediately after New Year's days in 1579.
- そこで、海軍軍医・高木兼寛の指導で洋食を導入した結果、脚気患者の発生が激減し、一人の死者も出ることがなかった。
- So, as a result of introducing Western food under the guidance of a naval surgeon Kanehiro TAKAGI, the number of the beriberi sufferers decreased dramatically, and no one had died of beriberi.
- それに対し、これを防ぐのではなく「其蔓延を助け、国民をして早く其気風に浴せしむる」ことこそが重要であると唱える。
- For this, he says that it is important not to stop it but 'to help it spread faster so that our people may bathe in this force quicker.'
- 代官所の人数は30人程で、意気軒昂な天誅組に抗することができず代官所方は敗北し、鈴木源内は首を刎ねられてしまう。
- The number of people in the magistrate's office was about 30; they were unable to resist Tenchu-gumi whose members were in high spirits; accordingly the magistrate's office was defeated and Gennai SUZUKI was decapitated.
- 唯一の慰めは北山から引き取ってきた藤壺の姪に当たる少女若紫(後の紫の上)の無邪気に人形遊びなどをする姿であった。
- The sole consolation was to see a little girl, Wakamurasaki (later known as Murasaki no ue), Fujitsubo's niece whom Genji took in from Kitayama, playing innocently with a doll.
- 年も改まって春になり、ある夜花散里を訪ねようと出かけた源氏は、途中通りかかった荒れた邸が常陸宮邸であると気付く。
- The new year came and then spring; when Genji went out to visit Hanachirusato one night, he noticed that the devastated residence which he saw on his way was Hitachinomiya's.
- 歌仙を巻いて、その後で付け合いの雰囲気や意図について解説対談を行うという形式によって、連句の可能性が追求された。
- Each time they completed another kasen, they would discuss and debate the poem's mood and purpose, thereby exploring the latent potential of renku as an art form.
- 更に秀吉が諸大名ら武家にも気前良く官位を与えたためにただでさえ不足気味であった官位が全体的に不足する事となった。
- Official ranks, which had already been in short supply, came to further run short because Hideyoshi generously awarded these ranks even to the samurai families such daimyo in various areas.
- そもそも欧州諸国に植民地化する気があったのならば「鎖国」していようが大した意味はなく武力衝突となったはずである。
- In the first place, an armed clash might have broken out if European countries had a strong desire to colonize Japan, and just because Japan was under 'national isolation' would have had little meaning.
- この一件以後、島津氏は藩政改革を一気に推し進め、また幕府の行う事業や島原の乱への出兵など積極的にこなしていった。
- After that incident, the Shimazu clan rapidly promoted the reformation and worked actively for the bakufu as in performing bakufu enterprises, sending troops in Shimabara War and so on.
- 元暦2年(1185年)元旦に出現した赤気を巡って密奏を行った安倍季弘兄弟と他の安倍氏一族との間で論争が発生した。
- There was a dispute between the ABE no Suehiro brothers who performed the misso and the other members of the ABE clan over the sekki phenomenon (low-latitude aurora) observed on February 9, 1185.
- 明治12年(1879年)4月14日、親族らは精神的な病気を理由に宮内省に誠胤の自宅監禁を願い、翌日、許可される。
- On April 14, 1879, his family asked permission of the Imperial Household Ministry to confine Tomotane at home because of his mental disease, and on the following day, they were granted.
- 『日本書紀』によれば、587年(用明天皇2年)用明天皇が病気となったとき、天皇が仏教に帰依しようと群臣に諮った。
- According to 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), when Emperor Yomei became ill in 587, he wished to become a Buddhist and asked his subjects' opinions.
- 頭脳明晰で性格円満、親友の細川護立侯爵からは、「才気縦横、故慶喜公の好いところを総て受け継いで居た」と評された。
- His intelligence and good personality were praised by marquis Moritatsu HOSOKAWA, his best friend, who described him saying, 'He is brilliant and has the good traits he inherited from Yoshinobu.'
- 彼らの意識の根底には雅俗認識を主な価値基準とする人間観・世界観があり、風雅を求め山紫水明を愛する気風が生じてくる。
- They basically had the view of human and the world which was mainly based on elegance and vulgarism, and gradually came to have a spirit to seek elegance and taste and love beautiful scenery (outstanding natural beauty).
- 少女の大伯父の僧都によると彼女は藤壺の兄兵部卿宮の娘で、父の正妻による圧力を気に病んだ母が早くに亡くなったそうだ。
- According to a priest, who was a grand-uncle of the girl, she was a daughter of Hyobukyo no Miya, an elder brother of Fujitsubo, and her mother passed away because she worried about pressure from the legitimate wife of her husband.
- 通説では、くじ引きの結果、益田にはもっとも人気のない「僧侶」の絵が当たってしまい、すっかり不機嫌になってしまった。
- In the prevailing story, Masuda was allotted the least popular picture of a 'Buddhist priest' and was completely displeased.
- その後、天皇や太上天皇の病気・死去、および長屋王の変や藤原仲麻呂の乱、薬子の乱などの争乱で固関使が派遣されている。
- Thereafter, kogenshi was dispatched in cases of death or disease of emperors and retired emperors, and some battles such as Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao), FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War, the War of Kusuko, and so on.
- 現在、黄砂の砂塵の大部分は、発生地である乾燥地帯を襲う砂嵐(砂塵嵐)により大気中に巻き上げられると考えられている。
- Today, it is considered that most of kosa dust is flung up into the air by sandstorms (dust storms) striking the dry areas where kosa can originate.
- この人たちは、ひとたび、連歌を張行する、となると、主室で車座になり、身分の低いものでも気兼ねなく歌をよむのだった。
- Once these people performed renga (early Japanese poetry form) they would sit in circle in a shukushitsu (main guest room) and recite poetry without concern even for those with low social status.
- 近年は、暖冬傾向、及び、温暖化の影響もあり、菜種梅雨が冬に繰り上がるきらいがあり、気候の変動が懸念される面もある。
- In recent years, partly because of tendency of unusually warm winter and influences of global warming, natanetsuyu tends to be carried forward to the winter and fluctuation of weather is worried about.
- いわゆる「平成の大合併」で天気予報の発表区分や気象警報・注意報の発表区分を2つ以上持つ市町村が数多く発生している。
- Due to the so-called 'great merger of municipalities in the Heisei period,' many cities, towns and villages ended up with two or more classifications for weather forecast, weather warning, and advisories.
- 良寛坊主が残した戒語のひとつ「好んで唐言葉を使う」によって表される社会の気分・雰囲気から生まれたものだと思われる。
- This was probably a result of the social feeling or atmosphere, as indicated by words of warning by the priest Ryokan, who 'preferred to use the words of Tang.'
- 垂仁天皇の皇子鐸石別命の裔の1人である清麿(清麻呂?)が、大功により和気朝臣を賜姓され、その子孫が内海氏を称した。
- Kiyomaro, a descendant of Nuteshiwake no Mikoto, who was Emperor Suinin's son, was bestowed the ason surname of 'Wake,' because of his distinguished service, and his descendants called themselves 'the Utsumi clan.'
- 朝敵となることを恥じた尊氏が出家するなど足利側の士気が上がらなかったため、尊氏軍は直義が中心となり作戦行動に出る。
- Since Takauji entered into priesthood because he was ashamed of becoming the Emperor's enemy, the morale of the Ashikaga side was low, thus, Tadayoshi led Takauji's army and performed a mission.
- 正徳4年(1714年)6月23日、病気を理由に三男の光忠に家督を譲って隠居し、同年12月18日に63歳で死去した。
- On August 3, 1714, handing over the family headship to the third son Mitsutada for his illness, he was retired and then died at the age at 63 on January 23, 1715.
- 時は経ち、工女の模範となって年収が百円を超えた(通称、百円工女)みねに突然訪れた病気、それは重度の腹膜炎であった。
- Time passed and Mine became an exemplar of the factory and her annual income reached more than 100 yen (these workers were called '100 yen female worker'), however she suffered a sudden illness of severe peritonitis.
- 天正12年(1584年)に東伯耆へ復帰した後は病気がちになっていた元続の後見人となり、元続に代わり政務を担当した。
- After returning to Higashi Hoki in 1584, he became a guardian of the sickly Mototsugu and assumed the works of government affairs on his behalf.
- 大きさも方2寸と非常に大きく、印自体の厚さも薄くなり鈕も巨大化するなど、漢印と比べるとその雰囲気は様変わりしている。
- It was as huge as two square sun and the base part of the seal became thinner and the grip became larger, so the features changed a lot from Han seals.
- しかし義和団の乱以後民衆の中に傍観者的な雰囲気が減り、孫文たちを積極的に応援する風向きが俄かに増加したと述べている。
- However, people could not simply stand by and watch after the Boxer Rebellion, and gradually they began to actively support Sun Yat-sen.
- これだけの人数が一気に討ち死に、自害に追い込まれたのは用意周到な計画の元で時間を定めて一斉に襲撃したためと見られる。
- It is supposed that such a large number of people died in the battle or were forced to commit suicide because this attack was carried out simultaneously based on a well-prepared plan.
- 吉良家の剣客清水一学がその太鼓の音を聞いて「あれぞまさしく山鹿流」と赤穂浪士の討ち入りに気づくのが定番となっている。
- The usual storyline has become an expert swordsman of Kira's family, Ichigaku SHIMIZU, noticing the raid by Ako Roshi when he hears the drum sound and says 'that is the true Yamaga style.'
- 気のすすまぬまま夕霧の婿となった匂宮だが、六の君の美しさのとりこになり、中の君には次第に夜離れ(よがれ)が多くなる。
- Although Nioumiya reluctantly got married to Yugiri's daughter, he became enslaved by Rokunokimi's beauty, and gradually forgot to visit Naka no Kimi.
- 政教社の『日本及び日本人』は、徳富蘇峰の民友社が発行した『国民の友』と対抗し、言論界を二分化するほどの人気を博した。
- 'Nihon oyobi Nihonjin' of Seikyo-sha competed with 'Kokumin-no tomo (friend of the people)' published by Soho TOKUTOMI's Minyu-sha, and both won and shared popularity in the opinion world.
- また、李氏朝鮮も徹底した文治主義をとり、非常に形式主義的な性格の強い朝鮮使節の応接は勅旨以上に気を使うものであった。
- Since the Joseon Dynasty was the government by law and reason rather than by military force, the envoy observed formalism so strictly that the Japanese government had to treat them more carefully than the Imperial order.
- 安政5年(1858年)4月大老に就任した井伊直弼(彦根藩主)は、条約問題と将軍継嗣問題を強権的に一気に解決をはかる。
- In April 1858, Naosuke II, the lord of the Hikone clan, assumed the position of Tairo (Chief Minister) and tried to decisively settle the disputes over the treaties and the struggle for succession.
- スウェーデンではキルエソンの助言を得ることもできないため、すっかり意気消沈してしまい、金栗四三に以下のように語った。
- He could not ask advice of Kileson in such remote country, Sweden, so he was completely depressed and told Shiso KANAGURI as the following.
- 佐賀藩士等は藩に戻って藩主に報告したが、この2年後の安政2年(1855年)2月、佐賀藩は蒸気機関車の模型を完成させた。
- The feudal retainers of the Saga clan reported it to their Lord upon return and in February, 1855, two years thereafter, Saga clan completed a model steam locomotive.
- また、朝廷がこのときまで唱えていた「攘夷」(外国を討ち払う)政策を「開国和親」へと一気に方針転換させた事件でもあった。
- Also it was the incident that forced the Imperial Court to change its policy drastically from 'Joi' (expulsion of foreigners) to 'Opening of a country to the world and amity.'
- 上喜撰とは玉露茶の商品名で、濃茶を飲むと興奮するように、たった四隻の外国船(蒸気船)に驚き、心配になることを風刺した。
- 'Jokisen' was a product name of high-quality green tea, and as cups of strong green tea excite drinkers, this poem satirized those who were frightened and worried by just four jokisen (steam boats) from foreign countries.
- この柿本サルこそが、政争に巻き込まれ皇族の怒りを買い、和気清麻呂のように変名させられた人麻呂ではないかとする説もある。
- There is a theory that this KAKINOMOTO no Saru might be Hitomaro himself, made to change his name like WAKE no Kiyomaro through being involved in political strife and provoking the displeasure of a member of the Imperial family.
- この計画には、民衆の人気がありすぎて、一時期政権の悩みの種でもあった行基を起用、重用し、大仏造立計画は求心力をもった。
- For the Great Buddha construction plan, Gyoki, whose overwhelming popularity among the people sometimes annoyed the government, was appointed to a responsible person in order to acquire centripetal force.
- 翌年の春、源氏は病気加持祈祷のため北山に赴き、そこで祖母の源氏物語の登場人物その他とともに住まう美貌の幼女を見かける。
- The following spring, Genji visits the Northern Hills to perform incantations, finding a beautiful little girl there who lives with her grandmother and others.
- 幕末から明治維新にかけて、文明史など西欧の近代歴史学が一気に流入したが、特に進歩史観・進化史観が日本で急速に広まった。
- During the era from around the end of the Edo period to the Meiji Restoration, modern European history, such as history of civilization, had been brought to Japan rapidly, and in particular, progressive views of history and evolutionary views of history had rapidly become well known.
- この怨恨により、郷士から武市瑞山、坂本龍馬、中岡慎太郎といった人材が生まれ、彼らの活躍により倒幕運動は一気に早まった。
- As the result of hard feelings against such treatment, talented people such as Zuisan TAKECHI, Ryoma SAKAMOTO and Shintaro NAKAOKA appeared among the Goshi, and their success effectively sped up the Tobaku movement.
- 当時の艦船では、博多‐高麗間の北上は南風の晴れた昼でなければ危険であり、この季節では天気待ちで1ヶ月掛かる事もあった。
- For the ships of that time, it was dangerous to voyage towards the north from Hakata to Goryeo except on a sunny day with south wind, and sometimes it took a month in this season waiting for a good weather.
- なお、運用細目は、2001年に開かれた第7回気候変動枠組条約締約国会議(COP7、マラケシュ会議)において定められた。
- And particulars of the operation were decided at Seventh Session of the Conference of the Parties (COP7, Marrakesh Conference) in 2001.
- 黒塗りの船体の外輪船は、帆以外に外輪と蒸気機関でも航行し、帆船を1艦ずつ曳航しながら煙突からはもうもうと煙を上げていた。
- Apart from the sail, Perry's black-hulled side-wheel ships ran on steam engines that emitted clouds of smoke from their chimneys and came with sail ships in tow.
- この海戦で船体の3ヶ所(第二ハッチ右側、甲板上の社交室、艦前方)に被弾して浸水、羅針盤も故障、そのうえ蒸気釜も爆発した。
- The Irtysh was shot in three places of her body (on the right of the second hatch, the social hall on the deck, and the foreship) during the naval battle and filled with water; the compass also got broken and the steam boiler exploded.
- 主君が不在であったり病気等の理由で江戸城に登城できない場合、陪臣が登城し用件を老中・若年寄など幕閣に伝える場合もあった。
- When a lord was absent or could not come to the Edo-jo Castle by reasons of sickness or others, baishin sometimes came to castle and transmitted a message to the cabinet officials of the Shogunate such as roju (senior councilor of the Tokugawa shogunate) and wakadoshiyori (a managerial position in the Edo bakufu).
- 3日目に出発したところまでは覚えているが、それ以降は分からず、気づいたら小屋に飛び込んでいたという内容の証言をしている。
- Private First ABE said they remembered starting on the third day and that they just realized they were going into the shack, not knowing what they had done until then.
- これより上には自由大気という層があり、一部の粒子がこの層にまで上昇してくると、安定した速い気流に乗って遠くまで運ばれる。
- Above this layer, there exists a layer called the free atmosphere, and when some sand grains are lifted up to this layer, they are moved to far away places on a steady fast wind.
- これは甫庵本の3000丁が一人歩きした後世の加筆なのか、筆を誤ったのに気付いてその場で加筆修正したのかは明らかではない。
- It is unclear whether the addition of 'three' was subsequently made when 'the 3,000 teppo' in Hoan's version became popular or it was made by the scribe who immediately realized the mistake.
- 天武天皇15年、すなわち朱鳥元年(686年)の3月6日、大弁官直大参羽田真人八国が病気になったため、僧3人を得度させた。
- Daibenkan (Major Controller) Jikidaisan HATA no Mahito Yakuni became ill on April 7, 686, and three men were asked to enter the Buddhist priesthood to pray for his illness.
- 称徳天皇は宇佐八幡から法均(和気広虫)の派遣を求められ、虚弱な法均に長旅は堪えられぬとして、弟である和気清麻呂を派遣した。
- Empress Shotoku was requested to dispatch Hokin (WAKE no Hiromushi, a court lady who was working for Empress Shotoku) from Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine; instead, the Empress sent WAKE no Kiyomaro, a younger brother of Hokin, as the Empress thought that the fragile Hokin could not bear the long trip to Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine.
- また、前年に亡くなった人気の歌舞伎役者である市川團十郎 (8代目)の死絵も、「大鯰後の生酔」という鯰絵に影響を与えている。
- The shini-e (woodblock prints for commemoration issued as a memorial when a famous actor, etc. dies) of Danjuro ICHIKAWA (VIII), who was a kabuki actor and died in the previous year influenced the namazu-e titled 'Onamazu nochi no namayoi' (Drunk after the big catfish).
- しかし紫の上の悩みに気づかぬ源氏と次第にすれ違いを重ね、その心労から37歳の厄年に重病にかかる(「若菜 (源氏物語)」)。
- However, Genji doesn't notice the concern of Murasaki no ue and the difference in their feelings for each other gets bigger and bigger, and at the age of 37 which is considered a critical age for a woman, she falls seriously ill because of anxiety ('Wakana' (new herbs)).
- 小型のボイラーを積みその蒸気で掃除をし、また蒸気の出口に羅宇を被せ蒸気機関車の警笛の様に「ぴー」という音を出して知らせた。
- The vendors loaded a small boiler to clean pipes with its steam and put the rau on top of the steam exhaust vent of the boiler to make a sound like the steam locomotive whistles to signal their presence.
- 1ヵ月も経過すると、捜索隊員によって雪が踏み固められたり、気温の変化で雪がシャーベット状になり、かなり固くなってしまった。
- After one month, the snow had become hard like sherbet as the snow had been tread down by the rescue team and the temperature had changed.
- 常行の乳母が阿闍梨に書いてもらった尊勝仏頂陀羅尼を縫いこんであった服を着ていたので、これに気がついた鬼たちは逃げていった。
- As he was wearing clothes into which his menoto (wet nurse) had sewn the Buddha Head spell she had had an Ajari (high priest) write, the demons noticed it and ran away.
- たねや本店2階喫茶室に旧ヴォーリズ邸在りし時代の洋館街の陶器製模型が展示されており、当時の街の雰囲気にふれることができる。
- Taneya main shop has in the tea room on the second floor a ceramic scale model of the Yokangai during the times when the Vories residence was still standing, offering a glimpse of the past.
- しかし、鳥居は直前で約定を反故にし「援軍は数日以内に来る」と伝えて城の士気を高めたため、処刑されたという逸話が残っている。
- There is an episode, however, that Torii was executed as he had a last minute change of heart to say, 'reinforcements will come in a few days,' uplifting the morale of the soldiers in the castle.
- さらに、すでに複数の「関連はみられない」との結果が出ているにも関わらず、環境省では今後も大気汚染との関連を調査するという。
- Despite multiple results indicating no relationship, the Ministry of the Environment continues to investigate the relationship between air pollution and such allergies.
- 上級兵士たちは気に入らない藩師を実力をもって追い出し、自らが支持する人物を藩師に立ててこれを朝廷に認めさせるようになった。
- By force, high-ranking soldiers got rid of the hanshi they did not like, and they set up the ones they supported as their hanshi, and they made the imperial court accept it.
- このようなことに加え、朝廷は宦官によって牛耳られており、綱紀頽廃も甚だしく、社会全体に急速に不穏な空気が醸成されていった。
- In addition, the imperial court was controlled by eunuchs, moral corruption was rampant and signs of disturbance were soon found everywhere in society.
- 几帳面である反面、はなはだ気難しく、俗物を嫌い気に入らない人物とは口も利かず、筆や杯を投げて帰らせることもたびたびあった。
- While he had a meticulous nature, he was extremely difficult, and hated snobs that Unzen did not speak people who he hated and often threw his paintbrush and glass to drive them away.
- 本格的な客貨両用鉄道は1830年にイギリスで開通したリバプール・アンド・マンチェスター鉄道で蒸気機関車ロケット号を使用した。
- Full service passenger and cargo railroad service by Liverpool and Manchester Railway came on line in 1830 in England pulled by a locomotive 'Rocket'.
- 1893年、お雇い外国人トレビシックの設計・指導の下に官営鉄道神戸工場で軸配置1B1タンク機の国鉄860形蒸気機関車が完成。
- In 1893, the domestically manufactured model 860 steam locomotive with an axis arrangement 1B1 tank machine was completed with a design and supervision by hired foreigners in Japan.
- また日本列島は南北に極めて長く、地形も変化に富んでいる為、現在と同じように縄文時代においても気候や植生の地域差は大きかった。
- The Japanese archipelago is extremely elongated from north to south and its topography varies considerably; therefore, regional differences in the climate and vegetation were large during the Jomon period as is today.
- 領民は会津藩主松平容保の京都守護職就任以来の重税に対する不満を一気に爆発させ、藩の支配組織を完全に解体に追い込んだのである。
- The people of the domain, who had been suffering from the heavy tax since the feudal lord of the domain, Katamori MATSUDAIRA's assumption of Kyoto Shugoshoku (Military Governor of Kyoto), exploded their frustration all at once in this revolt, which completely destroyed the ruling organization of the domain.
- そして1864年5月2日(元治元年3月27日 (旧暦))、筑波山に集結した62人の同志たちと共に気勢を上げ、遂に挙兵に至る。
- On May 2, 1864, they finally raised an army with the 62 followers who gathered at the Mt. Tsukuba.
- 反旗は伊賀国に翻ったものの、反乱の中心地は伊勢北部の朝明郡、三重郡、鈴鹿郡、安濃郡、河曲郡の諸国および中心の多気郡であった。
- Although the rebellion started in Iga Province, the center of the rebellion lay in the northern area of Ise such as Asake-gun (county), Mie-gun, Suzuka-gun, Ano-gun and Kawawa-gun, and Taki-gun located in the center of the province.
- 道鏡事件で和気清麻呂が宇佐神宮の神託を訊きに行く等、古代において国家の大事や天皇の即位時には宇佐神宮へ勅使が必ず遣わされた。
- In ancient times, when an important incident such as Dokyo Incident in which Wake no Kiyomaro went to receive an oracle of Usa-jingu Shrine, or the enthronement of an emperor, Imperial envoys were always dispatched to Usa-jingu Shrine.
- 統一国家が確立してゆく中で、大陸から漢詩が入ってきた影響もあり、個人の気持ちを個々に表現する歌が盛んに作られるようになった。
- In the process of giving unification to Japan, Chinese poetry was introduced to Japan from the Chinese Continent, and under its influence poems to express individual feelings were energetically composed.
- なお、国際的に通用する気象現象の表現方式である、WMO規定の国際式天気図記号では、以下の11種類が黄砂を表す記号に該当する。
- Of the WMO-specified international symbols on weather charts, which are internationally usable for indicating meteorological phenomena, the following 11 can be used for kosa:
- また、韓国に到達する黄砂の「発生から飛来までの経過日数」と「飛来時に黄砂が分布する平均高度」を調べた韓国気象庁の資料がある。
- Concerning the kosa arriving in South Korea, the South Korean meteorological agency investigated 'the number of days between the occurrence of kosa and its arrival in Korea' and 'the average heights of the arriving kosa.'
- 此比の人々の会に連なりて見れば、まず会所のしつらひより初めて、人の装束の打解けたるさま、各が気色有様、乱れがわしき事限りなし
- By looking at series of meetings of people at this time, the day Kaisho was established, there was a look of relaxation on all people, each showing their emotions, and there was no limit to the disturbance.
- 研究や大気環境の監視(大気汚染の観測など)を目的とする精密な観測においては、目的に応じてさまざまな計測機器が使用されている。
- For precise observations for the purpose of research or for monitoring atmospheric environments (for example, observations of air pollution), various instruments are used depending on the objective.
- 寒冷期に黄砂が増加した原因として、大気の流れの変化により寒気が南下する回数が増え、砂塵嵐の頻度が増えたことが挙げられている。
- As a factor that increased kosa in the cool periods, it is said that, in these periods, cool air advanced southward more frequently due to changes in the air flow, increasing the frequency of dust storm occurrences.
- 気象庁が梅雨入り・梅雨明けの情報提供を始めたのは1955年(昭和30年)頃とされ、「お知らせ」として報道機関に連絡していた。
- It is said that the Japan Meteorological Agency began to provide information of tsuyuiri and tsuyuake around 1955 and it was communicated to information mediums as 'oshirase' (notice).
- そのため、梅雨前線の近くに台風や熱帯低気圧が接近または上陸すると、水蒸気をどんどん供給された梅雨前線が活発化して豪雨となる。
- Therefore, if typhoon or tropical cyclone comes close to or lands in the vicinity of bail front, the baiu front which has been supplied with plenty of moisture vapor becomes active resulting in torrential rain.
- 義政は、母日野重子や愛妾今参局らに囲まれ、家宰の伊勢貞親や季瓊真蘂等の側近の強い影響を受けて育ち気まぐれな文化人に成長した。
- Surrounded by mother Shigeko HINO and beloved concubine Imamari no tsubone and strongly influenced by close aides including Kasai vassal leader Sadachika ISE and Shinzui KIKEI, Yoshimasa grew into a capricious man of culture.
- 泥酔して家臣に切腹を命じ、翌朝になって間違いに気付いたがもはや取り返しがつかず、その家臣の首に泣いて詫びたという逸話もある。
- There is an anecdote that he got very drunk one night and ordered one of his vassals to commit seppuku, and the next morning, he realized his mistake but it was too late, and he apologized crying to the decapitated head of the vassal.
- 変事を知らない平野は19日に五条に到着して、天誅組首脳と会って意気投合するが、その直後に京で政局が一変してしまったことを知る。
- Hirano arrived in Gojo on 19, not knowing about the calamity, he met the leader of the Tenchugumi and found him as kindred spirit, but soon he heard about the sudden political change in Kyoto.
- 飛鳥に帰った後に自分の病気が完治した事を斉明天皇に伝え、その土地のすばらしさを話して聞かせたため、斉明天皇は紀の湯に行幸した。
- When he returned to Asuka, he told Empress Saimei that his illness was completely cured and described the part of the country with admiration, which led to a imperial visit to Ki no yu (old name of Shirahama Onsen) by Empress Saimei.
- 中世では、その「人々」を構成するものもまた多様であったが、会所内ではその多様さから生まれた身分差を気にせず過ごすことができた。
- There were various things that structured 'people' during the medieval era, but one could spend time within Kaisho without concern for their birth.
- 大学別曹としては、和気広世創立の弘文院、藤原冬嗣創立の勧学院、橘嘉智子・橘氏公創立の学館院、在原行平創立の奨学院の4つが有名。
- Kobun-in, established by WAKE no Hiroyo, Kangaku-in, established by FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu, Gakkan-in, established by TACHIBANA no Kachiko and TACHIBANA no Ujikimi, and Shogaku-in, established by ARIWARA no Yukihira are four of the most famous Daigaku-besso.
- しかし、本州と同じ時期に、年によっては、2週間くらい、主にオホーツク高気圧の勢力南下に伴うぐずつき肌寒い天気が続くことがある。
- In certain years, however, in the same period as Honshu, unsettled chilly weather caused mainly by force of Okhotsk anticyclone coming down to the south continues for around two weeks.
- この場合は、恋人関係から上司と部下など組織の役職を含む関係や同僚ないし仲間同士など、様々な人間関係でこの「相性」が気にされる。
- In such a case, 'aisho' is placed importance in terms of various human relationships such as the relationship between lovers and the relationships concerning the organizational roles including those between the boss and the subordinates and between co-workers, as well as the relationship between friends.
- 後白河と義仲の間には緊迫した空気が流れ、義仲は義経の手勢が少数であれば入京を認めると妥協案を示した(『玉葉』11月16日条)。
- There was an intense atmosphere around Goshirakawa and Yoshinaka, and Yoshinaka suggested a compromise solution that if Yoshitsune's forces were small, he would allow them to enter the capital ('Gyokuyo,' entry of January 7, 1184).
- 約束期間に突入しても対策は全く進んでおらず、2007年の排出量は前年比で2.4%の増加となっていて、減少に転じる気配すらない。
- While having gone into the commitment period, effective measures have not been taken at all and the emissions amount in 2007 is larger by 2.4% than that of the previous year and does not seem to decrease at all.
- 758年(天平宝字2年)西海道問民苦使に任じられ、その地で病気で苦しんでいることを太政官に報告し、大宰府がそれに対処している。
- In 758, he was appointed to Saikaido Monminkushi (investigator for the common people of Saikai-do Road); he reported about the disease spread in the region to Daijokan (Grand Council of State) and Dazai-fu (local government office in Kyushu region) dealt with that.
- 大臣蘇我馬子が病気になったときに馬子は仏法による病気平癒を願い、勅許により3人は再び寺院に入って尼僧となり病気平癒を祈願した。
- At the time when the Minister SOGA no Umako became ill, he hoped to cure his disease through Buddhism, which led to the allowance of the three nuns to enter the nunhood again and pray for his cure by an imperial sanction.
- そんな空気に応えるかのように、スペンサーの社会学を日本に紹介し『スペンサー輪読の番人』と呼ばれ、日本の社会学の草分けとなった。
- As if knowing what the government wanted to know, he introduced sociological theories established by Spencer to Japan, was called 'the Guardian of the Reading Circle of Spencer's Work,' and became the pioneer of Japanese sociology.
- しかし40万石を領する大藩からわずか1万石の小藩にまで成り下がったため、家臣団の縮小などを余儀なくされ、藩財政は一気に悪化した。
- Because the Kato clan had its large domain with 400,000 koku of rice which it had retained reduced to a small one with only 10,000 koku of rice, it was forced to curtail the vassals, so that the clan's finance underwent rapid deterioration.
- 塩による遺恨説は、飛び地の領土に気付かずに吉良の領土に塩田があったとしてしまったものであり、今日では「塩田説」は否定されている。
- The 'salt pan theory' is no longer accepted, since it was created without knowing there was an outland territory and stated that the salt pan was in Kira's territory.
- 物語によっては、その後間者が連判状を盗もうとして発覚、瑤泉院が内蔵助の真意に気づき彼を罵った事を後悔するという場面がある場合も。
- In some stories, it says that Yozenin only found out about the letter when the spy was trying to steal it, and she regretted saying rude comments to Kuranosuke after realizing his true intention.
- これが丙寅年(666年)の四月に「中宮天皇」が病気になったとき栢寺の僧侶たちが平癒を請願して奉った弥勒菩薩像であることが分かる。
- From this, the Maitreya statue was enshrined when the monks of Kashiaw-dera temple prayed in April, 666 that `Emperor Chigu,' who became ill, would get well.
- 反清盛の気運が高まる中、治承4年(1180年)4月には以仁王(後白河の第2皇子)が平氏追討の令旨を発し、源頼政と結んで挙兵した。
- In April 1180, with the anti-Kiyomori movement, Prince Mochihito (Goshirakawa's second son) issued a call for attacking the Taira clan and collaborated with MINAMOTO no Yorimasa to raise forces.
- さらに同年、別子鉱山の電源開発を目的に土佐吉野川水力電気(後の住友共同電力)、宮崎県の椎葉植林に関係して耳川の水利権を確保した。
- In that year, he also founded Tosa Yoshino-gawa Suiryoku Denki (Tosa Yoshino-gawa River Hydroelectric Power Plant, the predecessor of Sumitomo Joint Electric Power) for the development of the power supply in Besshi copper mine, and acquired the water right of Mimi-kawa River for the afforestation project in Shiiba, Miyazaki Prefecture.
- 西南戦争では政府軍の指揮官として親戚筋の西郷隆盛を相手に戦ったが、大山はこのことを生涯気にして、二度と鹿児島に帰る事はなかった。
- In the Seinan War, Iwao fought against Takamori SAIGO, his relative, as a commander of the government army, and never returned to Kagoshima because this was his concern throughout his life.
- さらに1858年(安政5年)には、イギリスが中国の鉄道で使用する予定であった762mm軌間の本物の蒸気機関車が長崎へ持ち込まれた。
- Furthermore, in 1858, a real 762-mm-gauge steam locomotive, which Britain had originally planned to use for the railway in China, was brought in Nagasaki.
- 世界で最初の蒸気鉄道は、イギリスの炭鉱で産出した石炭を運搬する目的でストックトンとダーリントン間約40kmに設営されたものである。
- The world's first steam locomotive railroad was built to move coal that was produced in an English mine between Stockton and Darlington about the distance of 40km.
- この事件は後に『曽我物語』としてまとめられ、江戸時代になると能・浄瑠璃・歌舞伎・浮世絵などの題材に取り上げられ、民衆の人気を得た。
- This incident was later compiled as 'Soga monogatari' (the tale of Soga), and in the Edo period, 'Soga monotagari' was picked up as subject matter for Noh, Joruri (Ballad drama), Kabuki (traditional drama performed by male actors), Ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints) and so on, and gained popularity among the people.
- 事態に気付いた江戸幕府が通貨制度の改革に乗り出す頃には大量の金が日本から流出し、江戸市中は猛烈なインフレーションに見舞われていた。
- When the Edo bakufu noticed the situation and started to reform the currency system, a large amount of gold began flowing out of Japan, which created severe inflation in the city of Edo.
- 敬神党の構成員は、多くが神職に就いており、新開大神宮で「宇気比」(うけい)と呼ばれる誓約祈祷を行い、神託のままに挙兵したのである。
- Many of the constituent members of the Keishin-to party were Shinto priests, and they made a pledge and prayer called 'Ukei' at the Shinkaidai-jingu shrine and raised an army as instructed by an oracle.
- 日本では共和政治を行う気遣いはないが、仮に共和政治がありという夢を見たとしても、おそらく三井、三菱は大統領の候補者となるであろう。
- Although there is no consideration to implement a republican government in Japan, even if it is possible, probably Mitsui and Mitsubishi will become a presidential candidate.
- 母女三宮を訪ねるが、無心に経を読む尼姿に接した薫は、秘密を知ったことを話す気になれなくなり、ひとり胸中に抱え込もうとするのだった。
- When Kaoru visited his mother, Onna Sannomiya, he saw her reading sutras, so he lost the will to tell her that he had gotten to know the secret, trying to keep it to himself.
- そんな折り、普段から気に入っていた寺町通の果物屋(京都市中京区「八百卯」・2009年1月25日閉店)の前で「私」はふと足を止める。
- One day, 'I' happened to stop in front of a fruit store on Teramachi-dori Street that 'I' frequented (the store was 'Yao' in Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City, which went out of business in January 25, 2009).
- 最初の計画どおり、彼は匂宮と中の君を結婚させるが、匂宮の訪れはとだえがちで、これを恨んだ大君は病気に臥し、やがて薫の腕のなかで死。
- According to plan, he arranges a marriage between Niou Miya and Naka no Kimi, but Niou Miya doesn't often visit his wife, and a bitter Oigimi falls sick in bed, soon passing away in Kaoru's arms.
- また、当時の売行きは極普通のものであり、今のように、人気、評価に不動の地位を確立していた、というわけではないことが推測されている。
- Also, the book sold in numbers that were only moderate at that time, so it is conjectured that, unlike today, it wasn't necessarily popular or highly evaluated.
- 梅雨のように何日も降り続いたり、集中豪雨を見ることは少ないが、やはり曇りや雨の日が多く、すっきりしない天気が何日も続くことが多い。
- It is rare that rainfall continues for several days or localized torrential rain is observed as in baiu, but there are many cloudy or rainy days and vague weather continues sometimes for many days.
- 当時、冷泉天皇は「狂気の病」とされて政務が行える状況には無く、一方、関白太政大臣であった実頼の高齢による健康悪化が懸念されていた。
- At the time, Emperor Reizei had a 'maddening illness' and was not in condition to attend to governmental affairs, while the declining health of Saneyori, who was the Grand Minister of State and Chief Adviser to the Emperor, due to his old age was of concern.
- そこで元親の弟、香宗我部親泰や元親の嫡男、長宗我部信親は一気に勝瑞城を攻め落とそうと兵を進め一宮城 (阿波国)、夷山城を落とした。
- Chikayasu KOSOKABE, a younger brother of Motochika and Nobuchika CHOSOKABE, a legitimate child of Motochika put their troops forward to capture Shozui-jo Castle after seizing Ichinomiya-jo Castle (Awa Province) and Ebisuyama-jo Castle.
- 以後は医家として仕え、戦国時代 (日本)から江戸時代にかけて代々宮廷医官をつとめた医家半井家(なからいけ)は和気氏の子孫とされる。
- It is said that he later served as a doctor, and that the doctors from the Nakarai family who served as court physicians for generations from the Sengoku period (Japan) to the Edo period were descendants of the Wake clan.
- 翌756年(天平勝宝8歳)聖武天皇が病気となった際、良弁・安寛とともに看病禅師・華厳講師をつとめ、その功により少僧都に任じられた。
- In the next year, in 756, Emperor Shomu became ill, and then Jikun, together with Roben and Ankan, acted as a Nursing-Dhyana-Priests and Lecturers on Kegon, which led him to be appointed Shosozu.
- 証拠不十分で不起訴となったものの、以前から乱行が噂されて世間から見放されていたことも加わり、一気に信者が離れ、不遇な晩年を送った。
- Though he was dropped the case because of insufficient evidence, he lost his believers at a stretch partly because he had been abandoned from the world due to the old rumor of his immorality and spent his later years unhappily.
- ただし、「元帥公爵大山巌」では肥満になったのは晩年のことで、当初はどちらかというと痩せ気味であったといい、槍術を得意としたという。
- However, according to 'Marshal Duke Iwao OYAMA,' he became obese in his later years, and at first he was rather thin and good at the art of the spearmanship.
- 彼が幕府に献上した品物の中に人を乗せて走ることができるほどのライブスチーム(本物の蒸気機関車同様、蒸気動力で動く鉄道模型)があった。
- Among other things, he presented to the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) a model of live steam trains that ran by steam power in the same way as a real steam locomotive and was able to carry people.
- 車輌は、木造客車や貨車の改造は木工技術があったので開通当初から実行していたが、蒸気機関車の製作は近代技術の習得に応じて進んでいった。
- While the modifications of wooden passenger and cargo trains were done by Japanese craftsmen with woodworking skills from the start of the opening however, steam engine production made progress as they learned and gained the skills of modern technology.
- 長崎に続いて1854年横浜で蒸気車の模型が走ったが、この時は模型といえども日本人(幕臣河田八之助)が客車の屋根にまたがって乗車した。
- Following Nagasaki, a model steam engine locomotive ran in Yokohama in 1854, and although it was just a model, it carried a passenger (bakushin shogun's retainer, Yanosuke KAWADA) who rode over the roof.
- その後、統一国家が確立してゆく中で、大陸から漢詩が入ってきた影響もあり、個人の気持ちを個々に表現する歌が盛んに作られるようになった。
- As Japan was in the process of establishing a unified country, the composing of poems expressing individual feelings became popular, part in due to the influx of the Chinese poems into Japan about that time.
- だが源氏は、美しく気品があり、教養も知性も人に優れているために矜持の高い彼女をやがて持てあますようになり、逢瀬も間遠になってしまう。
- She was beautiful, elegant, intelligent and well educated but acted superior to others and when Genji eventually found it difficult to deal with her, the intervals between their meetings became longer and longer.
- 黒風暴は、寒冷前線の通過時などで大気が不安定になったときに、ダウンバーストやガストフロントなどの局地現象な突風をきっかけに発生する。
- When the atmosphere becomes unstable, for example, due to a passage of a cold front, a Kara Bran is generated triggered by a local gust, such as a downburst or a gust front.
- 宗教については、日蓮宗や浄土真宗といった厭世気分と免罪への求心から発しその後救世への渇望と強い結束を見せた宗派の布教が成功している。
- With respect to religion, propagation of religious schools that started with a pessimistic way of thinking and desire for indulgence and later showed anxiety for salvation and strong solidarity such as the Nichiren sect and Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) succeeded.
- この時制定された蒸気機関車の形式番号体系は、1928年(昭和3年)に新たな体系が制定された後も併存し、現在に至るまで踏襲されている。
- The form of steam locomotive set up at this time existed together even after the new form was set up in 1928 and the form has been used until now.
- - 明治5年(1872年)、新橋駅(後に新橋駅歴史となって1986年廃止)~横浜駅(後の桜木町駅)間が開通し、蒸気機関車が運行開始。
- In 1872, the train line between Shinbashi Station (later it became Shinbashi Historic Station, and later in 1986, it was discontinued from the actual usage) and Yokohama Station (later it was renamed to Sakuragi-cho Station) was established and and the operation of steam locomotives started.
- しかし、弘文院を大学別曹ではなく一種の図書館であったとする説もあり、和気広世個人が和気氏の氏上としての立場から支給した可能性もある。
- However, some people asserts that Kobun-in was a kind of library, not Daigaku-besso, and there is a possibility that WAKE no Hiroyo personally granted as the chief of the Wake clan.
- 特に最近では住宅の気密化によって本来の役目が失われつつあるため、重さによって掛軸が傷まないよう合成樹脂製の風鎮なども生産されている。
- In particular, the original function of fuchin is being lost due to recent airtight houses, thus synthetic resin is used for producing a fuchin to prevent damage of kakejiku due to the weight.
- 例えば、日食や月食、流星や彗星の出現、月と星の(見かけ上の)異常接近、惑星同士の(見かけ上の)異常接近、赤気、光暈、白虹などを指す。
- These include, for example, solar and lunar eclipses, shooting stars, comets, (the appearance of) abnormal closeness between the moon and stars, or between planets, low-latitude auroras, halation and white rainbows.
- もともと当道座の盲人音楽家たちは、この平曲の演奏こそが正規の本業であり、もっぱらにしていたし、平曲は中世には絶大な人気を保っていた。
- Originally, performing heikyoku was an official profession of visually impaired musicians of the Todo-za, who played only this style, by which heikyoku boasted enormous popularity in the medieval period.
- 田村に対しては「慎み深く言動に気をつけよ」と諭し、山背大兄に対しては「あなたはまだ若く未熟なので群臣の意見を聴きなさい」と遺言した。
- The Empress preached Tamura no Miko to keep moderateness and be careful about what he says and does, and preached Yamashiro no Oe no Okimi to know his immatureness and listen to vassals' advices.
- 上洛後、義真は左大臣近衛政家の邸を訪れるなど公家との交際を再開するが、まもなく病気となり文明13年(1481年)7月21日に没した。
- After returning to Kyoto, Yoshizane resumed his affiliations with noble families by visiting the Minister of the Left Masaie KONOE and others, but he soon fell to illness and died on July 21, 1481.
- しかし、幕府は将軍が病気であって決定できないとして、返答に1年の猶予を要求したため、ペリーは返事を聞く為、1年後に再来航すると告げた。
- TODA and IDO explained, however, that the Shogun was ill and could not make a decision and requested one year of postponement for their answer, and in response, Perry agreed that he would return after one year.
- 韓国国内では国民大演説会などが開かれ、一気に一進会糾弾と排日気勢が高まり、在韓日本人新聞記者団からも一進会は猛烈な批判を浴びせられた。
- In Korea, citizens' speech meetings were held, the denouncement of Isshin-kai and an anti-Japanese trend rapidly increased, and Japanese newspaper reporters in Korea violently criticized Isshin-kai.
- すでに12月に入っており寒気は厳しく積雪のある峻険な峠を越える事は不可能とも思われたが、一行は困難を乗り越え越前に入ることに成功した。
- It was already in December and really cold, and it was feared that they may not be able to go over the hill which was steep and had a lot of snow; however, they made it to Echizen.
- 創始者と言える西鶴の業績が最も著名であり、江島其磧の『世間子息気質』『世間娘容姿』など一部を除き、後に続いた作品に有名なものは少ない。
- The works of Saikaku, who is considered the founder, are the most famous and, excepting some works such as 'Seken musuko katagi' (Characters of worldly young men), and 'Seken musume yoshi' (Looks of worldly young women) by Kiseki EJIMA, there were few famous works published after that.
- 為朝は兵力でおとる自分たちが勝つためには、夜襲をかけて火を放ち、天皇を奪い取るしかないと献策するが、頼長は若気のいたりと取り上げない。
- Tametomo suggests that all they can do to ensure their victory is make a night attack, set a fire and take the Emperor away, but Yorinaga treats it as the idea of an inexperienced person.
- 韓国気象庁によれば、韓国に飛来する黄砂は内モンゴル、ゴビ砂漠、黄土高原などを中心に発生し、発生からおよそ1日 - 8日かけて到達する。
- According to South Korea's weather agency, the kosa coming to Korea is produced mostly in Inner Mongolia, the Gobi Desert, or the Loess Plateau, and reaches Korea in around one to eight days after it is produced in these areas.
- これら黄砂や風送ダストの量の変化は、気候変動や地殻変動によって、風や降水、地形などのパターンが変わったことによるものと考えられている。
- It is considered that these changes in the amount of kosa or wind-sent dust occurred, because climate changes and crustal changes altered wind, rainfall or land shape patterns.
- 狂気の父冷泉はもちろん、政治に関心を失い、信仰にのめりこむ一方で、遊興と漁色にふけることも忘れない兄花山もまったく頼りにならなかった。
- Neither his father Reizei, who was mad, nor his older brother Kazan, who had lost interest in politics and dabbled in religion, but also enjoyed taking pleasures and philandering, were able to offer any support.
- 市場の貨幣流通量を減らすべくその方法として貨幣純度を元に戻す必要は感じていたが、これを一気に行えば経済界に与える悪影響は計り知れない。
- He understood the need to return the purity of currency in order to reduce currency circulation in the market, but he was also concerned about the immeasurable impact on business activities if the government carried out this at once.
- また、これと同時期に民間でも行われた文明開化の動き、肉食の普及や鉄道の開通などとも相まって、新時代「明治」の雰囲気が醸成されていった。
- At the same time, the atmosphere of new era 'Meiji' was created by the civilization and enlightenment of people, the popularization of eating meat, and the opening of the railway.
- 江南軍は、総司令官右丞相阿刺罕が病気のため阿塔海に交代したこともあり、東路軍より遅れてやってきたが、両軍は、平戸鷹島付近にて合流した。
- The Southern Yangtze Army arrived later than the Eastern Route Army, for reasons including the substitution of commander-in-chief Arakan, who was the minister of the right and suffering from a disease, by Atahai, and the both armies joined near Taka-shima Island, Hirado.
- しかし小規模な路線が多く経営的には苦しく、1955年(昭和30年)頃から比叡山方面への進出をもくろむ京阪電気鉄道の傘下となっていった。
- However, managing many small-scale routes led to the financial difficulties for the company, from around 1955, many routes were sold to Keihan Electric Railway, which was planning to extend their business in the Mt. Hiei area.
- この開戦外交はイギリスとの協調を維持しつつ、対清強硬路線をすすめる川上操六参謀次長の戦略と気脈を通じたもので「陸奥外交」の名を生んだ。
- This diplomacy of starting a war reflected the strategy and a tacit understanding of Soroku KAWAKAMI, the vice-chief of the general staff, who promoted taking a hard-line against China; it came to be known as 'Mutsu diplomacy.'
- 文人画は飽くまで素人の余技であり、その精髄とも呼べる「気韻」は広く文人の間に受け入れられ、宋元以降、文人の趣味生活に深く浸透していった。
- Literati painting was basically an avocation by amateur and 'its kiin (elegance)' which could be regarded as its essence was widely accepted by Bunjin and deeply spread among Bunjin in their pastimes after Sung and Yuan periods.
- ところが、1月16日に結集した「ポーハタン」以下七隻の内、蒸気船二隻と帆船三隻が安房国(千葉県)洲崎を砲撃した、と日本側の古文書にある。
- However, according to an ancient Japanese text, among the seven ships, including the Powhatan, that gathered on January 16, two steamers and three sailing ships bombarded Susaki in Awa Province (present-day Chiba Prefecture).
- 仙台の弁護士が、何故、起訴状の署名が代筆だと気づいたのか、遠く離れた前橋の検察官の直筆署名をどうやって手に入れたのかは不明のままである。
- It is still unknown how the lawyers in Sendai found that the bill had no autographs and how they obtained the autographs of the prosecutors in Maebashi City which was far from Sendai.
- 戦闘において圧倒的な強さを示した連合軍であったが、その後の占領地支配には手を焼き、中国の領土支配の困難さに嫌でも気づかざるを得なかった。
- The allied army showed extreme strength during battles, but they found occupation challenging, and were made aware of the difficulty in conquering Chinese territory.
- 「私」は気に入ってそのレモンを一つ買ったが、肺病で熱を帯びた手にその果実の冷たさはちょうど良く、それまでの不安が幾分か和むのに気がつく。
- I' eagerly bought a lemon, finding the cold texture of the fruit comfortable for 'my' feverish hand and 'my' anxiety somewhat diminished.
- 権門出身で気が強く、その激しさは藤壺中宮の母后が桐壺帝からの入内要請に恐れをなしたほどだったが、それだけ重々しい存在感を示す女性である。
- Lady Kokiden came from a powerful family and was so fierce that the mother of Fujitsubo Chugu was afraid of the request from the Emperor Kiritsubo to send her daughter into the court, but it was a proof of her dignified presence.
- 宗盛はすぐに譲らなかったことが気に入らず、“木の下”の名を“仲綱”と改めて焼印を押し、「仲綱、仲綱」と呼んで引き回したり鞭打ったりした。
- But Munemori, displeased that he had not been given the horse immediately, changed its name from 'Konoshita' to 'Nakatsuna,' branding the new name onto the horse and riding about and whipping the horse while calling out 'Nakatsuna, Nakatsuna.'
- 黒田孝高が閉じ込められていた場所は、有岡城の西北にあり、後は深い沼地、三方に竹藪に囲まれていて日も差し込みにくく湿気が多い場所であった。
- The place where Yoshitaka KURODA was confined was located in the northwestern part of Arioka-jo Castle backed with deep marsh and surrounded by bamboo thickets on the other three sides and no sunshine reached the place and it was very humid.
- 林業におけるスギ伐採量の見通しや地球温暖化など気象の影響を考慮すると、ゆるやかではあるが今後も花粉の飛散量は増え続けると考えられている。
- It would be expected that prevalence and severity will decrease when one considers the projected number of Japanese cedar trees that will be felled by the forestry industry and meteorological effects such as global warming, but it is believed that the airborne pollen levels will actually continue to rise.
- 尊氏の参陣で志気が上がる尊氏軍が押し気味に戦局が展開し、翌日これを見た大友貞載、塩谷高貞は尊氏軍に寝返り、義助軍は総崩れとなり敗走する。
- Takauji's army whose morale was boosted by Takauji's participation in the war took the lead and on the following day, Sadatoshi (Sadanori) OTOMO and Takasada ENYA sold out to Takauji's army, thus Yoshisuke's army suffered a debacle and took flight.
- 全般的な特色として言えることは、いわゆる縄文(縄紋とも書く)をはじめとした各種文様で器面を加飾し、全体に装飾過剰の気味があることである。
- On the whole, it can be said that a characteristic of this period's pottery is that the surface was covered with such various patterns, including what is called 'jomon' (a straw-rope pattern, or a cord mark), that the pottery can be considered being too decorative.
- 宝暦4年(1754年)9月7日、長男の光庸に家督を譲って隠居し、宝暦10年(1760年)には病気療養を理由に摂津国有馬温泉にて保養した。
- On October 22, 1754, he handed over the family headship to the first son of him Mitsutsune for retirement and then went to the Arima-onsen Hotspring in Settsu Province to recuperate in 1760.
- 晩年は黙阿弥の人気に押され狂言作者として大成せぬまま終わったが、鶴屋南北 (4代目)と黙阿弥の間の時代を埋める存在として評価されている。
- In his later years, he lost ground in front of the popularity of Mokuami and was not able to achieve great success as a Kabuki playwright, but he is now evaluated as a playwright who filled up the period between Nanboku TSURUYA the fourth and Mokuami.
- このとき輸入された軸配置1Cのアメリカ製テンダ機関車(国鉄7100形蒸気機関車、弁慶・静などの愛称が付けられた)が、何両か保存されている。
- The steam engine locomotives imported at that time were the Denda type made in America with an axis location 1C (JNR 7100 class steam locomotive with nick names of Benkei, Shizu and others) and some of them were preserved.
- 一方夕霧は事の真相を気にしながら、柏木の遺言を守って未亡人となった落葉宮の元へ訪問を重ね、そのゆかしい暮らしぶりに次第に心惹かれていった。
- On the other hand, Yugiri, concerned about the story behind the story, repeatedly visited Ochiba no miya who became a widow following Kashiwagi's will and gradually became fascinated by her good life.
- 室町時代に、和歌の連歌の表現を滑稽・洒脱にして、より気軽に楽しめるようにした文芸が、「俳諧連歌」、もしくは「俳諧の連歌」と呼ばれ、栄えた。
- The form of literature in which expressions in renga (linked verse) were made more humorous and sophisticated in order to enjoy them readily was called 'haikai renga' or 'haikai no renga,' and it flourished.
- 稚児が今年の四月、病で死ぬと、阿闍梨はその遺体に何日も寄り添ったまま、ついに気が狂い、やがて死肉を食らい、骨をなめ、食い尽くしてしまった。
- When the boy died of disease in April of this year, Ajari stayed close beside the body for days, and he went mad, eating the flesh and licking the bones, till at last he had eaten up everything.
- 博学で才気煥発な彼女は、主君定子の恩寵を被ったばかりでなく、公卿や殿上人との贈答や機知を賭けた応酬をうまく交わし、宮廷社会に令名を残した。
- Because she was very learned and talented, she received her majesty Teishi's favor and succeeded wonderfully in exchanging poems and witty words with nobles and court peoples, winning fame in imperial society.
- 上田秋成は、明和3年(1766年)、処女作である『諸道聴耳世間猿』(『諸道聴耳世間狙』)を、明和4年に、浮世草子の『世間妾形気』を書いた。
- Akinari UEDA wrote his first work of fiction, 'Shodo kikimimi sekenzaru' (A Worldly Monkey Who Hears About Everything) in 1766, and then wrote the ukiyo zoshi (popular stories of everyday life in the Edo period) 'Seken tekake katagi (Characters of Worldly Mistresses)' in 1767.
- 主に人口の多い東日本から徴兵され、その間も税は免除される事はないため、農民にとっては重い負担であり、兵士の士気は低かったと考えられている。
- Because the soldiers, who were mainly drafted from eastern Japan which had a larger population, were not exempt from taxation during their service, they bore a heavy burden as farmers and it is thought that morale was low.
- そのため、北海道の中でも比較的温暖な道南(函館など)と、本州の北端に位置する青森県下北・津軽地方とでは、気象学上の夏の長さが極端に異なる。
- Therefore, the length of meteorological summer is extremely different between the southern part of Hokkaido (Hakodate and so on) which has comparatively warm climate and Shimokita and Tsugaru regions of Aomori Prefecture which are on the northern end of Honshu.
- 大台ヶ原山(おおだいがはらやま)は奈良県吉野郡上北山村、同郡川上村 (奈良県)および三重県多気郡大台町旧宮川村 (三重県)に跨って座す山。
- Mt. Odaigahara (Odaigaharayama) is located across Kamikitayama Village and Kawakami Village in Yoshino-gun, Nara Prefecture, and former Miyagawa Village, Odai Town, Taki-gun, Mie prefecture.
- このため、直近年の温室効果ガス排出量の基準年比増減率が気候変動枠組み条約と京都議定書で異なる値で発表されることがある点に留意が必要である。
- Therefore, it should be noted that different increase-decrease rates for the last couple of years relative to the reference year of the greenhouse gas emissions are sometimes announced between the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto protocol.
- 彦根藩と高田藩が小瀬川であっさりと壊滅したが幕府歩兵隊と紀州藩兵が両藩に替わって戦闘に入ると幕府・紀州藩側が押し気味ながらも膠着状況に陥る。
- Although the Hikone clan and the Takada clan were destroyed instantly in Ozegawa, the bakufu's infantry and the army of the Kishu clan took over them to fight back, and the situation became a stalemate with a slight predominance of the bakufu and Kishu clan side.
- しかし天皇機関説を唱えた美濃部達吉は、「長い梅雨が明けて、かすかながらも日光を望むことができたような気持ち」と、この運動を高く評価している。
- Tatsukichi MINOBE, an advocate of the emperor-as-organ theory, however, valued the second Kensei Yogo Undo highly, and commented 'you feel as though you were finally beginning to see a shaft of sunlight after the long rainy season.'
- 大気中の黄砂の濃度が比較的薄いならば、多少の黄味を帯びた霞が発生し、普段よりも視程が悪くなる程度で、日常生活に大きな支障が出るほどではない。
- When the density of kosa in the air is relatively low, slightly yellowish mist is generated and visibility is affected slightly, but everyday lives are not affected seriously.
- しかし、今川氏の人質として幼少時代を駿府で過ごした徳川家康が、1585年に駿府を本拠地にし、城下の整備に尽くしたため、元の活気をとり戻した。
- However, as Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who spent his childhood in Sunpu as a hostage for the Imagawa clan, decided in 1585 to make Sunpu as his stronghold and made efforts to develop the castle town, Sunpu recovered its vigor.
- 太平洋側で豪雨になりやすいのが、梅雨前線が長期的に停滞するパターンや、太平洋側付近に梅雨前線、西側に低気圧がそれぞれ停滞するパターンである。
- The pattern in which baiu front stays stationary for a long time period or baiu front is stationary in the vicinity of Pacific side and low-pressure system is stationary on the west side tends to cause torrential rain on the Pacific Ocean side.
- これは当時の天文権博士和気久邦が伊予国に滞在中であり、天文密奏宣旨を受けた2名も技術が未熟であったために応急措置として与えられたものである。
- There were two reasons for this emergency appointment: the first was that the then tenmongon no hakuji (master of astronomy), WAKE Hisakuni (? 和気久邦), was in Iyo Province, and the second was that the two people who received imperial decrees of tenmon misso were not sufficiently skilled.
- だが、信玄は上杉氏諸将の不安をあおるために行動を起こしただけで本気で戦をする気はなかった(事実、上杉軍が動きを止めた後すぐに撤退している)。
- However, Shingen just took actions to make the warlords of Uesugi clan uneasy, and had no intention to fight seriously (in fact, Shingen withdrew immediately after the Uesugi army stopped the action).
- 源頼朝挙兵時は、兄・秋山光朝とともに京都で平知盛の被官であったとされ、母の病気を理由に帰国を願い出て許され、源頼朝の下に参じたと伝えられる。
- It is said that when MINAMOTO no Yoritomo raised his army, he was a hikan (a low-level bureaucrat) of TAIRA no Tomonori together with Mitsutomo AKIYAMA, his older brother, and they joined Yoritomo's army by having the authorization from Tomonori to return home under the pretext of their mother's becoming sick.
- 激昂に駆られた感情的な側面があるのは確かであるが、それのみを重視して「宣戦布告」=狂気の選択といったような不可知論的説明は歴史学では採らない。
- It was certainly partly driven by emotions such as rage, but historical study will not accept unintelligent arguments such as simply the ''proclamation of war' was equal to lunacy'.
- しかし実子を持たず確かな後見ある正妻でもなかったため、朱雀帝の女三宮の降嫁が決まった時には衝撃を受け、自分の身の不安定さに改めて気付かされる。
- Because she has no children of her own and no powerful guardian, she is shocked when she learns that Emperor Suzaku's daughter, Onna San no Miya, is going to get married to Genji, and she realizes how vulnerable she is.
- 露伴は学者としても充分な素養があったのだが、官僚的で窮屈な大学に嫌気が差して夏季休暇で東京に戻ったまま、僅か一年足らずで大学を辞してしまった。
- Erudite scholar as he was, he was so bored with the bureaucratic and straitjacketed university that he did not return to Kyoto from Tokyo after his summer holidays, and he resigned from the university only a year later.
- 気象現象としての黄砂は、砂塵(砂ぼこり)の元になる土壌の状態、砂嵐とともに砂塵を運ぶ気流など、地や大気の条件が整うと発生すると考えられている。
- It is considered that the kosa as a weather phenomenon occurs when the states of the earth and atmosphere, for example, the state of soil, from which dust is generated, and that of the airflow that carries dust together with sandstorms, meets certain conditions.
- バックグラウンド黄砂の特徴として、発生地付近で砂嵐の発生が無く、砂塵を巻き上げて運ぶ低気圧さえ無い状態にも関わらず、発生することが挙げられる。
- A feature of background kosa is that it originates even in the following conditions: No sandstorm is generated in its vicinity and not even low pressure that will fling up dust into the air.
- また、オホーツク海高気圧が5月前半に出現した場合に、北東気流の影響を受け易くなるため、関東以北の太平洋側で低温と曇雨天が長続きすることがある。
- If Okhotsk anticyclon appears in the first half of May, as it tends to be influenced by northeast airstream, on the Pacific side from the Kanto region to the north, low temperature and cloudy or rainy weather continues for a long period of time.
- お天気の専門家である気象庁では、五月の晴れのことを「さつき晴れ」と呼び、梅雨時の晴れ間のことを「梅雨の合間の晴れ」と呼ぶように取り決めている。
- Japan Meteorological Agency, which is a specialist for weather, determined to call fine weather in May as 'satsukibare' and sunny spells during baiu season as 'tsuyuno aimano hare' (sunny spells during baiu).
- それでも旧幕府軍の兵力は上回っており洋化部隊も温存されていたのだが、徳川慶喜が将兵を置き去りにしたまま脱出したこともあり士気が低下し自壊した。
- The former Shogunate forces, while they had far superior military strength and had westernized troops, were demoralized and disintegrated because Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA fled, leaving his officers and soldiers behind.
- 信頼と提携関係にあった摂関家の藤原忠通・基実父子も参入したことで、清盛は一気に官軍としての体裁を整えるに至り、信頼・義朝の追討宣旨が下された。
- Even FUJIWARA no Tadamichi and his son Motozane, both of the elite Fujiwara branch that produced regents and advisors and with whom Nobuyori had been close, joined the counter-rebellion at Rokuhara, meaning that Kiyomori had achieved, in a stroke, total legitimacy for his army, and soon his forces received an imperial order to hunt down and destroy Nobuyori and Yoshitomo.
- アメリカ合衆国の東インド艦隊司令長官ペリーが来航した時には「泰平の眠りを覚ます上喜撰(蒸気船)、たった四杯で夜も眠れず」という狂歌が読まれた。
- When Admiral Perry of the the East India Squadron visited Japan, this Kyoka (comic Tanka) was created: 'Jokisen woke me up from a long peaceful sleep, only four of them but kept me awake all night.'
- これについて、桃裕行は遅くても弘仁・承和 (日本)年間に勧学院や学館院が創立されるに及んで、和気氏の大学別曹として確立したものと推測している。
- In response to the question, Hiroyuki MOMO (Japanese historian) inferred that the Kobunin had established as daigaku besso of the Wake clan at the latest when Kangakuin (daigaku besso of the Fujiwara clan) and Gakkanin (one of the daigaku besso) were founded around the Konin era (810 - 824) and the Jowa era (834 - 848).
- 景気の悪化など大きな不安要素はあったものの、5月に行われた第10回衆議院議員総選挙で、与党政友会が歴史的大勝を果たした矢先の退陣は憶測を呼んだ。
- Although there were certain disturbing elements such as economic downturn in those days, the resignation prompted a flurry of speculation because the cabinet was dissolved shortly after the ruling Seiyu Party won the tenth general election of the House of Representative in May with a historic landslide victory.
- 1906年(明治39年)、当時東京市内に路面電車を運行していた東京電車鉄道、東京市街鉄道、東京電気鉄道の三社が合併して東京鉄道とすることとした。
- It was decided in 1906 that three railroad companies called Tokyo Densha Tetsudo (Tokyo Train Railway), Tokyo Shigai Tetsudo (Tokyo City Railway) and Tokyo Denki Tetsudo (Tokyo Electric Railway) that ran streetcars within Tokyo City in those days merged under the new name of Tokyo Tetsudo.
- 『古事記』では「比売多多良伊須気余理比売」(ヒメタタライスケヨリヒメ)と記し、別名、「富登多多良伊須岐比売」(ホトタタライスキヒメ)としている。
- Himetataraisuzuhime was written as '比売多多良伊須気余理比売' (pronounced Himetataraisukeyorihime) and '富登多多良伊須岐比売' (pronounced Hototataraisukihime) as another name in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters).
- 紫上系と玉鬘系の間に質的な違いが存在することを認めつつも、そこから何らの証拠も無いままで成立論に向かうのは「気ままな空想」に過ぎないとするもの。
- He argues that the composition theory is just 'a flight of fancy' without grounds, even if it is admitted that there are differences in quality between the Murasaki no Ue series and the Tamakazura series.
- また近年、地上では視程も低下しないため黄砂として観測されない時に、自由大気(自由対流圏)と呼ばれる高層で薄い砂塵が観測されることがわかってきた。
- Recently, it has also become known that, even when no kosa is observed on the ground level because no visibility is affected there, thin dust is observed in the high-altitude atmospheric layer called the free atmosphere (also known as free troposphere).
- ところが、多聞山城は強固でしかも松永軍の士気も高かったために2年にわたる睨み合いを続け、あるいは畿内の各地で衝突を続け、次第に小康状態に陥った。
- However, as Tamonyama-jo Castle was a solid fortress and the troops of Matsunaga were high in morale, the battle fell into a two-year stalemate, accompanied by minor collisions here and there in the areas surrounding the capital and followed by a gradual calming-off process.
- また都市地域に広く覆われていることからヒートアイランド現象がみられ、冬の冷え込みの弱さや夏の猛暑がもたらされ、その現象によって気候修飾を受ける。
- In addition, since it is widely covered with urban areas, a heat-island phenomenon is seen, which brings about a tendency toward coldness in winter and fierce heat in summer, as the climate is modified by this phenomenon.
- 併設の紅葉パラダイスは1978年、ドイツ製蒸気機関車と国際寝台車会社製寝台車 (鉄道)8両を連ねた「ホテル・オリエント急行」を敷地内に開業した。
- In 1978, Koyo Paradise adjacent to Hotel Koyo opened 'Hotel Orient Express,' which was a nine-car train consisting of a steam locomotive made in Germany and eight sleeping railroad cars made by International Sleeping-Car Company, on its property.
- 後白河院政期には、平治の乱と平清盛政権の登場およびその崩壊、治承・寿永の内乱の勃発、源頼朝の鎌倉幕府成立など、武士が一気に台頭する時代となった。
- The period of insei by Goshirakawa was the age in which the samurai quickly rose to power, as can be seen in the Heiji Rebellion, the entry and fall of the government by TAIRA no Kiyomori, the occurrence of Jisho Jyuei Rebellion and the establishment of Kamakura Bakufu by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, etc.
- その中には、阪鶴鉄道の幹部が設立した箕面有馬電気軌道(後の阪急電鉄)のように、鉄道国有法によって会社を手放した資本家が出資を行ったものもあった。
- Some of such systems, like Mino-Arima Electric Tramline (later Hankyu Railway) established by the executives of Hankaku Railway, were invested by the capitalists that gave up their business by the Railway Nationalization Act.
- このような中、北海道移住への気運が高まるのであるが、その資金については自費移住ということであり、それを賄うだけの資金調達ができるはずもなかった。
- For these reasons, there was an increasing momentum among people to move in to Hokkaido, but there was no way to raise funds as they had to move at their own expense.
- 台湾での工業化を推進するために整備が進められた台湾での本格的な発電事業は、1903年2月12日に土倉龍次郎により台北電気株式会社の設立に始まる。
- The development of power plants in Taiwan started with the establishment of Taipei Electric Company by Ryujiro DOKURA on February 12, 1903.
- 婿入りして娶った師匠の娘は浪費や不貞を重ねる悪妻で、見るに見かねた弟子が、妻の浮気相手を殴って川に放り込み死亡させるという事件まで発生している。
- He married into his master's family and his wife wasted their money and repeatedly had affairs; so one of his pupils who could not stand the situation, punched the man who was having an affair with her, threw him into a river and eventually killed him.
- 古くからの新羅の勢力だけでは唐への対抗が難しいことに気付いた文武王は、百済・高句麗両国の遺民を取り込んで新羅の身分制度を再編することにも努めた。
- Realizing that it was difficult to oppose Tang only with old forces in Silla, King Munmu also put effort into reorganization of Silla's class system by taking in people who were originally from Baekje and Goguryeo.
- 神護寺の境内にあった和気清麻呂を祀った廟は護王神社と改称され別格官幣社に列し、、明治天皇の勅命により、神護寺境内から京都御所蛤御門前に遷座した。
- The mausoleum in the precincts of Jingo-ji Temple where WAKE no Kiyomaro was enshrined underwent the denomination change and came to be called Goo-jinja Shrine, designated as one of the Bekkaku-Kanpeisha (special government shrines), and was transferred from the precincts of Jingo-ji Temple to in front of Hamaguri-gomon gate of Kyoto Imperial Palace by the order of Emperor Meiji.
- ただ作戦・装備が劣る点を士気によって補おうとする姿勢は多くの犠牲を生むことになり、この戦乱の死傷者の多くは義和団あるいは清朝軍の兵士で占められた。
- However, morale could not compensate for underprepared battle operations and equipment, and this stance brought about great casualties; most of the dead and injured in this battle were Boxers or soldiers of the Qing dynasty.
- 飛鳥井姫君の物語や狭衣の即位など、宿命観や幻想的描写が目立ち、主人公の優柔不断さや物語全体を覆う憂愁な雰囲気も『源氏』とだいぶ相違するものである。
- Fatalism and fantastic depictions stand out as can be seen in the story of Asukai no Onnagimi and Sagoromo's enthronement, while the hero's indecisiveness and the melancholic atmosphere that envelops the entire narrative are very different from 'Genji.'
- 普段気に入って見ていた画集を見てもその気持ちが変わらないのに不満を覚えた「私」は、画集を積み上げたうえに時限爆弾に見立ててレモンを置いて立ち去る。
- I' looked through books of paintings that 'I' used to love but 'I' couldn't shake the feeling of unease, so feeling frustrated 'I' placed the lemon on a pile of books imagining the lemon to be a bomb.
- 気候との関連については、地球が寒冷期にあるときには乾燥化が進むため黄砂が増加し、温暖期にあるときは湿潤化が進むため黄砂が減少したと推定されている。
- Concerning relationships with weather, it is supposed that, when the earth was in a cold period, the amount of kosa increased because the land became increasingly dry, and in the warm period, the amount decreased because the humidity level of the land increased.
- この頃、管領職にあった勝元派の畠山政長と宗全派の畠山義就との間にあった家督継承権をめぐる闘争が激化し、さらに義政の気紛れが両派の対立に油を注いだ。
- About that time, a fight over family heirship between Masanaga HATAKEYAMA of the Katsumoto camp, who was then the Shogun's deputy, and Yoshinari HATAKEYAMA of the Sozen camp intensified, and Yoshimasa's caprice added fuel to their strife.
- 家康が1600年の関ヶ原の戦いに勝利して天下人となり、1603年に征夷大将軍に任ぜられると、幕府の所在地として江戸の政治的重要性は一気に高まった。
- Edo rose in political prominence when it became the seat of the Bakufu government when Ieyasu 's became the ruler of Japan after his victory in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, and was annointed 'Seii taishogun' in 1603.
- 当初は農業を修めるつもりでサイレンシスター農学校に入るが、英国の農業は牧畜が中心で、穀物は麦で、勉強をしても帰国後役には立たないと気付き放棄した。
- At first, he entered the agricultural college in Cirencester to study agriculture, however he gave up this idea, knowing that the major agriculture of Britain was stock farming and the major grain was wheat, and that the studies of those things would be useless in Japan.
- 「大和」はとりわけ戦前における町村合併時の新地名として人気があった名で、旧国の大和国ではなく、日本の別称としての「大和」を町村が名乗ったものである。
- ' Yamato ' was a popular new area name at the time of town & village consolidation in prewar days and they took the name ' Yamato ' as another name of Japan, not related with old Yamato Province.
- 古代後期から、殉教者の遺骨によって奇跡がおき、参拝した巡礼者に病気が治癒したりや歩けなかった足が動くようになったなどの事例が報告されるようになった。
- From the late ancient times, miracles involving the remains of martyrs were reported where a pilgrim who came to offer prayers was cured of his disease or a cripple was able to walk.
- 東京では同年月での快晴日数は0(梅雨期である6、7月を除いては初のワースト記録)、日本気象協会発行の天気図日記では「暗い3月」と評される程であった。
- In Tokyo in the same month and year, there was no clear day (the worst record excluding June and July which fall under tsuyu season) and it was commented in the Weather Chart Diary published by the Japan Weather Association as 'dark March.'
- 台風や熱帯低気圧は、地上付近では周囲から空気を吸い上げる一方、上空数千m~1万mの対流圏上層では、吸い上げた空気を湿らせて周囲に大量に放出している。
- Typhoon and tropical cyclone suck up air from the environment in the space near ground surface on one hand, and on the other hand, in the upper troposphere several thousands to ten thousands meters high, makes sucked air wet and discharges it in large amount into the environment.
- しかし、人吉・郡山・坊主石山からの三方攻撃の中、寄せ集め兵士の士気の激減と敵軍の圧倒的な物量で、さしもの辺見指揮下の部隊も敗れ、遂に大口は陥落した。
- However, since the spirits of the hastily-recruited soldiers of the troop led by HENMI were lowered seriously under attacks from three sides of Hitoyoshi, Koriyama and Bozuishiyama, and the government army had the overwhelming amount of materials, even the troop led by so brave HENMI was defeated, and Oguchi fell at last.
- 現在では、新聞・テレビ(天気予報など)・インターネット(携帯電話、電子メール含む)・テレホンサービスなどで、地域ごとの毎日の飛散予測が出されている。
- Daily airborne pollen forecasts by area are now available in newspapers, on television (weather forecasts), via the internet (including mobile telephones and E-mail) and by telephone.
- 施薬院(せやくいん)は、聖徳太子が仏教の慈悲の思想に基づき、その地に薬草を栽培し、怪我や病気で苦しむ人を救うために四天王寺内に作ったと言われる施設。
- Seyaku-in was a facility that Prince Shotoku, based on the Buddhist philosophy of mercy, had allegedly erected within the premises of Shitenno-ji Temple, where medical herbs were cultivated to relieve people who suffered from injuries or diseases.
- 土俵脇の砂かぶりでは両藩士が刀の柄に手をかけ、行司式守伊之助も顔面蒼白という一触即発の雰囲気の中、両力士は待った2度、水入り2度ののちに引き分けた。
- In the explosive atmosphere as the retainers of both clans were glaring at each other at the Sunakaburi (lit. sand-covered seats) right next to the ring with their hands on their swords hilts, and the referee Inosuke SHIKIMORI's face white as a sheet, both wrestlers fought and after the referee called Matta (false start of a match) twice and Mizuiri (break granted to wrestlers during a prolonged match) twice, the match ended in a draw.
- 同鉄道の経営は順調で、高収益をあげたため、さらに重太郎は堺から和歌山まで36マイルの鉄道敷設を計画し1895年南海電気鉄道を設立、その社長となった。
- As that railway business was favorable with high profitability, Jutaro planed to make thirty-six miles of railway from Sakai to Wakayama and established Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd. to become its president in 1895.
- これらの地域ではマンモスやバイソンなど洪積世の寒冷気候を好んだ大形獣を対象とする狩猟具が求められ、投げ槍の槍先として用いられた各種尖頭器の出現をみた。
- In these areas people needed the tools for hunting large-size animals such as mammoth and bison that were well adjusted in the cool climate of the diluvial epoch, and various forms of points came to be used as the head of javelins.
- シーメンス事件によって第1次山本内閣が倒れたのち、民衆に人気のある大隈重信が立憲同志会、大隈伯後援会および中正会を与党として2回目の組閣をおこなった。
- After the Siemens Incident (1914) blew off the first Yamamoto Cabinet, a popular politician Shigenobu OKUMA formed his second Cabinet counting on a coalition of such parties as the Rikken Doshikai, the Supporters' Association of Count Okuma, and the Chuseikai.
- 収録されている話の中には、『無名抄』『宇治拾遺物語』に由来するものがあり、同時代に発行された『戯言養気集』と『昨日は今日の物語』と共通するものもある。
- Of the collected stories, some derived from 'Mumyosho' (The Nameless Treatise) and 'Ujishui Monogatari' (A Collection of Tales from Uji), and some are the same stories as the ones collected in 'Zagenyokishu' (A Collection of Jokes Which Cheer You Up) and 'Yesterday Is Today's Story' which were published in the same period.
- 2千年紀(過去1000年)間の中国での塵の降下頻度の記録から、塵の降下頻度の増加が気温の上昇と逆相関関係にあるという研究があり、この説を裏付けている。
- Research based on dust-falling frequencies in the last 1,000 years (between 1000 to 1999, roughly the last 1,000 years) showed that an increase in the dust-falling frequency was inversely proportional to an increase in the temperature, supporting this theory.
- また梅雨前線付近の上空の大気を見ると、冬の空気と春・秋の空気の境目となる寒帯前線、春・秋の空気と夏の空気の境目となる亜熱帯前線が接近して存在している。
- If we look at the air in the sky in the vicinity of the baiu front, the polar front which forms a border between the winter air and spring or autumn air and the subtropical front which forms the border between the summer air and the spring or autumn air exist close to each other.
- 西郷軍の士気が高かったのは西郷隆盛が総大将であったからだと考え明治政府は、天皇を大日本帝国陸軍・海軍の大元帥に就かせて軍の士気高揚を図るようになった。
- Reasoning that the supreme commander Takamori SAIGO raised the fighting spirit of Saigo's army, the national government in the Meiji period appointed Emperor to the commander-in-chief of the Imperial Army and Navy to raise the morale of the armies.
- その後台湾の近代化を推進する総督府は官営の発電所として台北電気作業所及び亀山水力発電所を1905年には台北に、翌年には基隆への電力供給を開始している。
- The Sotoku-fu, which was promoting the modernization of Taiwan, established Taipei Electric Works and Kueishan Hydraulic Power Plant in Taipei in 1905, and started the power supply to Keeling the following year.
- やがて、那須宗久は本領へと引き上げたが、このとき、平家の残党は自分たちへの追討をとりやめ命を救ってくれた宗久への感謝の気持ちから那須姓に改めたという。
- When Nasu no Munehisa returned to his homeland, the remnants of the Taira family changed their surname from Taira to Nasu out of gratitude for Munehisa, who saved their lives by stopping his hunt.
- その反面、国鉄の保有する車輌は蒸気機関車だけでも174形式1118両、客車3067両、貨車20884両におよび、運用・整備・修理に大きな困難が発生した。
- On the other hand, it amassed a huge fleet of trains with 1,118 Model 174 locomotives, 3,067 passenger trains, 20,884 cargo trains and consequently faced an enormous difficulty for operation, maintenance, and repair.
- しかし、王政復古からまもないころであったから、公議所の公議人らは反対意見で、廃刀をもって武士の精神をなくし、皇国の元気を消滅させるものとして否決された。
- However, since it was not long before the imperial rule was restored, politicians in the lower house opposed this and the bill was voted down as banning of the wearing of swords would ruin the spirit of samurai and discourage the power of the imperial nation.
- 一度は女三宮とその愛人の柏木に怒りをつのらせた源氏であったが、生まれた子ども(薫)を見て、これが若い日の罪の報いであったことに気づかされる(因果応報)。
- Although Genji's anger builds up against Onna San no Miya and her lover Kashiwagi, he sees a newborn baby (Kaoru) and realizes that it is the fruit of the sin that he committed in his youth (karmic retribution).
- 例えば、黄砂による被害は、モンゴルでは砂による害、中国では砂嵐による害、韓国では気象現象、日本では大気汚染と、かなり異なった概念であると考えられている。
- For example, the concept of damage by kosa is considered quite different in each nation as follows: Sand-hits in Mongolia, sandstorm-hits in China, damage by weather phenomena in South Korea, and air pollution in Japan.
- 義政は、守護大名を統率する覇気に乏しく、もっぱら茶・作庭・猿楽などに没頭し、幕政は実力者の管領家の勝元・四職家の宗全、正室の日野富子らに左右されていた。
- As Yoshimasa lacked dynamism to lead shugo daimyos and immersed himself solely in tea ceremony, gardening and sarugaku plays, the actual steering of the Bakufu was in the hands of strongmen including Katsumoto of the deputy family, Sozen of one of Shishoku ke (four families appointed to deputy directorship of the Board of Retainers) and Yoshimasa's legitimate wife Tomiko HINO.
- 井伊家の飛び地であった世田谷領の代官をつとめた大場家の記録によると、表向きは闘病中とされていた直弼のために、大場家では家人が病気平癒祈願を行なっている。
- Records of the Oba family, the governors of the Setagaya region, an outland of the Ii family, also indicate that Naosuke had been at home struggling with a disease and that the Oba family's Kenin (slaves of nobles) were praying for his recovery.
- しかし、宗忠は単に「私記」と記してあった書が『清慎公記』と気づかずに、後日になって同書を譲ったとする顕仲と事実無根とする宗忠の間に紛争となったとされる。
- However, Munetada didn't recognize the book, simply titled 'Shiki,' as ''Seishinko-ki,'' and later there was a conflict between Akinaka who claimed he gave the book to Munetada, and Munetada who claimed he didn't receive it.
- 勇子は伯父ならば自分の気持ちを理解してくれるだろうと考え、「このまま帰られたのでは、わざわざ京都まで行って謝罪した天皇陛下の面目が立たない」と口説いた。
- Since Yuko thought her uncle would understand her thoughts, she asked him to do something, explaining 'if the crown prince returns like that, our Emperor who went all the way to Kyoto to apologize would lose face.'
- 日本の近代警察制度の基礎を造った人物として評価されているが、「西郷隆盛を暗殺しようとした男」「郷土に刃を向けた男」として現在も郷土鹿児島では人気がない。
- Although KAWAJI is regarded as the person who laid foundation of the Japanese modern police system, he is still now unpopular in his hometown Kagoshima as 'a man who attempted to assassinate SAIGO' or 'a man who stood against his hometown.'
- 著者と版元に、『源氏』の全54帖を翻案・出版するつもりは、はじめはなかったが、大好評を得てその気になり、つぎの箇条書きに見るように、毎年数編が刊行された。
- At first the author and the publishing house did not intend to make an adaptation of all the 54 chapters of 'Genji' and publish it, but the success of the series encouraged them and they published a few books every year as the following items suggest.
- 倒壊家屋が多かったため、地震後の復興景気により大工や木材商が莫大な利益を上げたことを風刺し、これらの職人や商人がナマズに感謝する姿を題材にしたものもある。
- Because a large number of houses were destroyed and carpenters and lumber dealers earned a tremendous amount of profits thanks to a booming restoration economy after the earthquake, there ware also prints that satirized this and show carpenters and lumber dealers thanking a catfish.
- 同日赦免された長州藩兵が入京したこともあり、大久保は強気に出るが、京都には会津藩・桑名藩などの徳川方諸藩の兵も駐在しており、戦闘回避を求める声も強かった。
- Although Okubo was acting in a strong attitude, gaining momentum by the return of samurai of the Choshu clan to Kyoto just discharged on the same day, there existed a strong call to avoid war from soldiers of Aizu Domain, Kuwana Domain and other domains on Tokugawa side, residing in Kyoto.
- 行軍隊の遭難した山中の気温は、観測係であった看護兵が記録も残せず死亡したため定かでないが、-20℃以下だったとの推測を青森5連隊が報告書の中で残している。
- The fifth Aomori Regiment recorded that the temperature in the mountain on which the troop got lost was lower than -20 degrees Celsius, though it's not clear because the hospital corpsman who was in charge of observations died before leaving a record.
- 長兄はこの辺りに県という家のないことからやはり怪しみ、そして、これが近頃盗まれた熊野速玉大社の宝物であることに気づき、父と長兄は豊雄を大宮司につきだした。
- The oldest brother doubts his story because there is no such a house like Agata, and he notices that this is a treasured sword which was recently stolen from Kumano Hayatama Taisha Shrine, and father and older brother takes him to the head priest.
- 韓国で同国の農村振興庁が黄砂を採取して行った検査では、地域差があるものの、細菌の濃度が通常の大気の7 - 22倍、カビの濃度が15 - 26倍と高かった。
- An investigation conducted by the Rural Development Administration of South Korea for sampled kosa showed that, although depending on the area, the samples included bacteria with a density of 7 to 22 times more than that of the ordinary air and mold with a density of 15 to 26 times that of the ordinary air.
- 京都入りした天皇の訪問先となっていた島津製作所三条工場では、訪問直前まで賃上げストが行われ(労資の紛争を天皇の目に触れさせたくない)関係者の気を揉ませた。
- At Sanjo Works, Shimazu Corporation, one of the destinations of the Emperor's visit, a strike demanding wage increases was conducted until just before the Emperor's visit and it had relevant people (who didn't want a scene of labor-management conflicts to catch the eye of the Emperor) worried.
- 現在の阪堺電気軌道阪堺線の天神ノ森駅付近の天神ノ森天満宮内に、小さな森があるが、それは紹鴎が晩年隠棲していた跡地であるとされ、そのまま紹鴎の森として残る。
- There is a small forest within Tenjin no Mori Tenman-gu Shrine near Tenjinno Mori Station on Hankai Line of Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd., which is considered to be remaining site where Joo spent in seclusion in his late years and left as it was as the Joo forest.
- 応永19年(1412年)9月に本拠地の多気御所で死去(異説として応永9年(1402年)10月に死去とも、死亡年は応永22年(1415年)以降ともされる)。
- He died in September 1412 at his base Taki gosho (there are different opinions saying he died in October 1402 or later than 1415).
- 和気 清麻呂(わけ の きよまろ、733年(天平5年) - 799年4月4日(延暦18年2月21日 (旧暦)))は奈良時代末期から平安時代初期の高級官僚。
- WAKE no Kiyomaro (733 - April 4, 799) was a high-ranking official, who lived during the early Heian Period.
- なお、宇佐へ配流の際にイノシシによって難事を救われたとの伝説(北九州市小倉北区など)から、護王神社・和気神社などでは狛犬の代わりに「狛猪」が置かれている。
- According to one legend (in Kokurakita ward, Kitakyushu City), when he was exiled to Usa, he was saved by a boar from a difficult situation, and based on this legend, in those shrines such as Goo-jinja Shrine and Wake-jinja Shrine, a pair of 'shrine boars' (guardian boars) are placed instead of a pair of shrine dogs (a pair of stone-caved guardian dogs situated at the gate of a shrine).
- 称徳天皇は側近の尼僧和気広虫を召そうとしたが、虚弱な法均では長旅は堪えられぬため、弟の和気清麻呂を召し、姉に代わって宇佐八幡の神託を確認するよう、命じる。
- At first, Empress Shotoku tried to assign a mission to confirm the oracle to her direct advisor, Buddhist nun WAKE no Hiromushi, however, since 'Hokin' (Hiromushi's Buddhist name) was too poor in health to have a long journey, the Empress invited her younger brother WAKE no Kiyomaro and ordered him to confirm it.
- この期間はイギリス等の先進国から、蒸気機関車が牽引する列車による鉄道経営が導入され、それらの技術やノウハウが国産化して確立され、鉄道網が日本全国に広がった。
- During this period, along with the steam powered locomotive that was introduced from England and other advanced countries, the technology and know-how of these countries were used for domestic production, which led to the spread of networked railroads throughout Japan.
- 斯議院ヲ立、天下ノ公論ヲ伸張シ、人民ノ通義権理ヲ立テ、天下ノ元気ヲ鼓舞シ、以テ上下親近シ、君臣相愛シ、我帝国ヲ維持振起シ、幸福安全ヲ保護センコトヲ欲シテ也。
- By establishing the Giin and expanding the opportunity to discuss people's opinions, we would like to respect people's rights, and raise people's sprits, so the top and the bottom will work together, lords and vassals will respect each other; we also would like to keep our state developing and protect our happy, secure society.
- 日本においては,国家の命運をはるか未来まで予言したという聖徳太子『未来記』なる偽書が古くから流布し,楠木正成も味方の士気を鼓舞するためにこれを用いたという。
- In Japan, a gisho with the title 'Mirai-ki' (Accounts of Future Events) by Prince Shotoku, who was said to be able to tell the future of Japan, has circulated since ancient times, and Masashige KUSUNOKI, a famous military commander in 14th century, was said to make use of this gisho to raise the morale of his army.
- 第二次世界大戦後は平和国家として再出発し、アメリカ合衆国の軍事的な保護の元、急激に海外文化(主にアメリカ文化)を吸収して経済発展を成し遂げた(神武景気等)。
- After World War II, Japan started out as a peaceful country and achieved economic development (Jimmu Boom and others), assimilating foreign cultures rapidly (mainly American culture) under the military protection of the U.S.A.
- 生野天領では豪農の北垣国道が農兵を募って海防にあたるべしとする「農兵論」を唱え、生野奉行の川上猪太郎がこの動きに好意的なこともあって、攘夷の気風が強かった。
- Xenophobia was strong in Ikuno tenryo, as the wealthy farmer Kunimichi KITAGAKI proclaimed the 'Noheiron' (Farmers to the arms doctrine) which said that conscripted farmers should defend the coast and the magistrate of Ikuno Itaro KAWAKAMI favored this movement.
- 天気予報の発表区分および気象警報・注意報の発表区分について、合併前の五條市域と旧吉野郡西吉野村域は「奈良県全域 > 奈良県北部 > 奈良県五條・北部吉野」。
- With respect to weather report classifications, and other warnings and advisories, the pre-merger Gojo City area and the former Nishi-yoshino Village area in Yoshino County belong to the 'whole area of Nara Prefecture –> the northern part of Nara Prefecture -> Gojo and the northern part of Yoshino, Nara Prefecture.'
- 暦の問題について、天正11年の1月の京暦の中に雨水が含まれずに本来中気が入ってはならない閏1月にずれてしまうという太陽太陰暦の原則に反した錯誤が生じていた。
- With respect to calendar, an error, which contradicted the rule of the lunisolar calendar had occurred in the Kyo calendar (calendar prepared by the onmyoryo (governmental agency responsible for matters related to the Way of Yin and Yang)), that usui was not included in January 1581 but shifted to the intercalary first month in which chuki should not be included.
- 彼は攘夷の気分が蔓延していた当時に攘夷を否定し、また、「政治は国民の上で成り立っており、愚かな人の上には厳しい政府ができ、優れた人の上には良い政府ができる。
- Fukuzawa denied the idea of exclusion of foreigners when the idea was pervasive across the country, and maintained that: a government is established by its own people, a good government is chosen by good people and a bad government is chosen by unwise people;
- 律令制においては呪禁も病気治療や安産のために欠かせないものとされ、呪禁師の中で優秀なものは呪禁博士(定員1名)に任ぜられ、呪禁生(定員6名)の育成に努めた。
- Under the Ritsuryo system, the jugonshi were considered indispensable for their spells, their medical treatments of the sick and their efforts to make childbirth safer, and the most outstanding from among the jugonshi was appointed jugon hakase (Master Sorcerer, with only one such fixed position); the jugon hakase worked to train and cultivate the jugonsei (apprentice sorcerers, for whom six fixed positions existed).
- これらは箏曲本来の気品と雅楽的な古雅さを備え、一方で音楽的にはより自由な展開をさせ、近代的ともいえる印象的描写性もみられ、よく独自のスタイルを確立している。
- These works had the grace of koto pieces and the traditional elegance of gagaku, while musically they allowed freer development and showed an almost modern impressive portrayal, establishing a distinctive style.
- 彼は田沼時代の弛緩した雰囲気を粛正すべく寛政の改革をスタートすることとなった(1787年 - 1793年、さらに1817年まで寛政の遺老によって政策は継続)。
- He implemented Kansei Reforms (from 1787 to 1793) to tighten the loose atmosphere in the Tanuma period, and his policies were continued by his Kansei senior vassals until 1817.
- 浅野内匠頭については痞(つかえ)という、今で言う心療内科的な持病をもっていたという逸話が残っていることから、生来短気な人物だったのではないかとも言われている。
- There is a story left about Asano Takumi no Kami having a chronic disease called tsukae which would be equivalent to a psychosomatic disease today, and therefore, some suggest that he had a short temper from birth.
- 2007年4月2日には、上海市で623µg/m3(マイクログラム毎立方メートル)と過去最大の量の黄砂を観測し、大気汚染指数が500と過去最悪の数値を観測した。
- In Shanghai, the largest amount of kosa in the past of 623µg per cubic meter and the worst air pollution index in the past of 500 and were observed on April 2, 2007.
- 近鉄奈良線新生駒トンネル、近鉄けいはんな線生駒トンネル、大阪電気軌道生駒トンネル奈良線生駒トンネル、及び第二阪奈有料道路阪奈トンネルが当山を東西に貫いている。
- Kintetsu Nara Line New Ikoma Tunnel, Kintetsu Keihanna Line Ikoma Tunnel, Osaka Electric Tramway Ikoma Tunnel, Nara Line Ikoma Tunnel, and Daini-Hanna Road Toll Hanna Tunnel go through the mountain from east to west.
- これは一気に膨れあがった雑多な形式を抱え、それらの今後の処遇や、輸送計画を練るのに手一杯で、機関車の新製にまで手が回らなかった結果ではないかと想像されている。
- It is imagined that this is because the bureau was so tied up with dealing with the existing locomotives in various forms that swelled in a short period that it was not able to create new locomotive.
- これらのなかで、とくに『伴大納言絵巻』と『信貴山縁起絵巻』の両絵巻は都の庶民のみならず地方農村の庶民生活をいきいきと描いており、時代の空気がよく示されている。
- Above all, 'Ban Dainagon Emaki' and 'Shigisan engi emaki' vividly describe the life of the common people in local villages as well as the common people in Kyoto, and the mood of the period is seen through them.
- しかし細川高国は逆に大内義興らと気脈を通じ、永正5年(1508年)3月17日伊勢参宮と称して京都を脱出、伊賀国守護の仁木高長に身を寄せるという大事件がおきた。
- But, a serious incident occurred -- In collusion with Yoshioki OUCHI, Takakuni HOSOKAWA fled from Kyoto on April 27, 1508 on the pretext of visiting Ise Shrine and took refuge with Iga no kuni Shugo (Provincial Constable of Iga Province) Takanaga NIKI.
- 気候変動枠組条約および京都議定書により定められた義務については、その約束が遵守されることを担保するため、罰則規定のように機能する規定が設けられることとなった。
- As for duties subscribed by United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, in order to make the duties fulfilled, regulations which would function as penalties were set up.
- 翌737年(天平9年)僧正に任じられて内道場(内裏において仏像を安置し仏教行事を行う建物)に入り、聖武天皇の母藤原宮子の病気を祈祷により回復させ賜物をうけた。
- In the following year of 737, he was appointed as a high priest and entered a naidojo (palace chapel, the space of which was reserved particularly for esoteric rituals and in which Buddhist sculptures were installed and religious services performed), where his prayers for FUJIWARA no Miyako (mother of Emperor Shomu) resulted in her recovery and a reward granted to him for that.
- やがて『猿若舞』が江戸中の人気を集め、1633年(寛永9年)、勘三郎は幕府の御用船『安宅丸』回航の際に船先で『木遣り音頭』を唄い、将軍家より陣羽織を拝領する。
- Before long, 'Saruwaka mai' (saruwaka dance) gained a popularity in the city of Edo, and in 1633, Kanzaburo sang 'Kiyari ondo' (lumber carrier's chants) at the fore of the pleasure boat for the government, 'Atake maru' while its cruise, and he was bestowed 'Jinbaori' (sleeveless campaign jacket worn over armor) from the Shogun family.
- 戦時中の隣組制度を宣伝啓発する歌詞であり、また国民への宣伝啓発のため明るく元気のある曲調に仕上がっていることから、「ドリフ大爆笑」のテーマ、にも用いられている。
- The lyrics were prepared to propagate the tonarigumi system during wartime, and the music has cheerful and lively tones to propagate it to the citizens, so the song was also used as theme music of 'Dorifu Daibakusho' (a popular TV program).
- ペリーは蒸気船を配備した東インド艦隊を引きいて、53年7月に浦賀沖に来航し、7月14日に久里浜に設置された開国を求めるアメリカ大統領国書を提出し、9日後に帰国。
- Perry arrived at Uraga at the head of a fleet of East India steamboats in July 1853 and submitted a message from the president of the US demanding the opening the country on July 14, returning to the US 9 days later.
- そして、改新時に一気に改革が進んだとは考えにくく、特に改新の主要政策は地方社会への影響が大きいものばかりだったため、諸制度が全国に浸透するには長い年月を要した。
- It is quite unlikely that the political reforms were completed at a stroke at the time of the Great Reformation of the Taika Era and especially, since all of the main policies of the reforms were to have great influence on local societies, it took many years for the new institutions to penetrate nationwide.
- この帖から登場する比叡山の高僧・横川(よかわ)の僧都は、当時の平安貴族に人気の高かった恵心僧都(源信_(僧侶))がモデルと言われ、終始人格者として描かれている。
- Yokawa no sozu, who firstly appeared in this chapter as the high-ranking Buddhist priest of Hieizan (Mt. Hiei), is said to have been created by looking to Eshin sozu, who was popular among the nobles in the Heian period, as a model and was constantly depicted as a person of character.
- そのほかにも、地球温暖化により内陸部の降水量減少や気圧配置の変化が引き起こされ、それらが乾燥化や強風の増加をもたらして、黄砂の増加に関係しているとの考えもある。
- In addition, there is also another theory that global warming has been related to an increase in kosa in the following way: Global warming has caused the amount of rainfall in the inner land to decrease and has also caused the atmospheric pressure patterns to change, consequently expanding dry area and increasing the occurrence of strong winds.
- その一方で、多くの兵力を派遣していたため信長周辺の軍勢は手薄であり、武田家滅亡後は天下統一目前という開放的な雰囲気で、畿内では信長、家康とも小勢で移動していた。
- Under such situations, as a large military force was dispatched, troops around Nobunaga were not many and Nobunaga and Ieyasu moved around with a small military force in Kinai in an open atmosphere under just before unification of the whole country especially after downfall of the Takeda clan.
- また国内で、脚気患者の大量発生と軍医不足という悲惨な状況が知られはじめると、陸軍衛生部さらに大本営の大本営組織、小池正直(陸軍省医務局)に対する批判が高まった。
- The Medical Department of the Army, Imperial Headquarters Executive Command, and Masanao KOIKE (Medical Affairs Bureau of Ministry of Army) came under increasing criticism when tragic news of the beriberi epidemic and the shortage of army surgeons became known in Japan.
- なお朱子の理とは、理は形而上のもの、気は形而下のものであってまったく別の二物であるが、たがいに単独で存在することができず、両者は「不離不雑」の関係であるとする。
- According to 'Li' of Shushigaku, 'Li' is a metaphysical existence, 'Ch'i' is a physical existence, and these two are completely different, however, each of them cannot solely exist and they are an 'inseparable' relation.
- 奈良時代和気広虫(出家して法均尼と号する)と弟の和気清麻呂が僧道鏡に対する宇佐八幡宮神託事件で功があって朝廷に進出し、藤野別真人から和気朝臣の氏姓が与えられた。
- In the Nara period, WAKE no Hiromushi (who adopted the name Hokin-ni after entering the priesthood) and his younger brother WAKE no Kiyomaro, who had made achievements in a plot by the Usa Hachiman-gu oracle against the Buddhist monk Dokyo, advanced to the Imperial court and were given the surname Wake Ason by Fujinowake no Mahito.
- 京都議定書の上位概念である気候変動枠組み条約では、一部の経済移行国を除き、基準年reference yearとして 1990年しか選択できないこととされている。
- According to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which is a superordinate concept of Kyoto Protocol, the base year, or the reference year must be 1990 for the participating countries except a part of economically developing countries.
- これによって各国の公使や商人達に明治政府の本気ぶりを見せるとともに海外に流出した贋二分金を日本に再度持ち込ませて検勘を受けさせる時間的余裕を与えなかったのである。
- Through this, the Meiji Government showed the ministers and merchants from other countries that they were serious, along with not giving them time to bring back counterfeit nibukin which spilled abroad to Japan again to have it go through the authenticity test.
- その危険性に気づいた伊藤博文らは大日本帝国憲法制定時に天皇の神格化を図り、「神棚に祭る」ことで第三者が容易に関与できないようにし、合法的に天皇権限を押さえ込んだ。
- Hirobumi ITO and his colleagues realized that risk, and tried to deify the emperor when they legislate the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, to 'enshrine the emperor in the Shinto altar' makes third party incapable of participating easily, and legally suppressed the authority of the emperor.
- 梅雨前線の活動が太平洋高気圧の勢力拡大によって弱まるか、各地域の北側に押し上げられ、今後前線の影響による雨が降らない状況になったとき、梅雨が終わったとみなされる。
- Baiu is deemed to have ended when activities of the baiu front are weakened by expansion of strength of the Pacific anticyclone or the baiu front has been forced to move the north of each area and no rain is expected because of the influence of the front.
- 新撰組は、武士になることを宿願としており、目的達成のために武士に匹敵する活躍をしたため、特に現代の若者たちから幕末日本を象徴する存在とみなされ、根強い人気を誇る。
- The ambition of Shinsen-gumi was to become samurai, and with this goal in mind they were just as active as samurai, and modern day young people in particular regard them as a symbol of Japan during the last days of the shogunate, and Shinsen-gumi continues to be popular.
- 鉄道、道路、上下水道、電気、病院、学校、工場などのインフラの整備を行い、近代教育制度や近代医療制度の整備を進め、朝鮮半島の近代化に役立ったと主張する研究者もいる。
- Some researchers insist that it helped the Korean Peninsula modernized by improving infrastructure such as railways, roads, water and sewerage, electricity, hospitals, schools and factories, and establishing the modern educational system and modern medical system.
- 弘安の役においても、当時の日本が知り得なかった江南軍壊滅の理由を台風や熱帯低気圧の影響としながらも、博多沖の東路軍は、それとは違った理由で壊滅したという説もある。
- Also in Koan no Eki, what had destroyed the Southern Yangtze Army, which Japan could not know then, is said to have been a typhoon or tropical cyclone, but there is a theory that the Eastern Route Army staying offshore near Hakata perished due to a different reason.
- 仙台側弁護士は、初公判の時点でこのことにも気づいていたが、軽罪での時効が迫っていたため、あえて裁判を長引かせ、時効を狙うために1審の起訴状については言及しなかった。
- The lawyers in Sendai had been aware of that from the first public trial, but they did not mention it because they knew it would soon reach the statute of limitations for those misdemeanors and wanted to draw out the trial.
- しかし、最後の氷期である晩氷期と呼ばれる約1万3000から1万年前の気候は、数百年で寒冷期と温暖期が入れ替わるほどで、急激な厳しい環境変化が短期間のうちに起こった。
- However, the environment had such rapid and severe changes in the short period of time that the cold period changed into the warm period in the several hundred years in the last glacial age called the late glacial stage approximately from 13,000 to 10,000 years ago.
- 設置に際しては、維新後、開国政策を進める新政府にとってもてあまし気味の存在となっていた過激尊皇攘夷派の不平分子らの懐柔を目的に、彼らを多く採用したいきさつがあった。
- When it was established, the agency employed many radical discontented elements in the party of Sonno Joi (advocating respecting the Emperor and excluding of foreigners) in order to conciliate them, who had been beyond control of the new government that were advancing the policy of 'opening the country.'
- 後述するような、むしろ特異とも言える独立独歩の精神からか、現在の十津川村も平成の大合併に際しても、最初から近隣のどの自治体とも合併する気などなかったと言われている。
- It might be due to the strong, or even peculiar sense of their self-reliance, which will be described later, that the present Totsukawa-mura is said to have had no intention of being merged with other municipalities from the beginning even upon the great merger of the Heisei period.
- 発生地ではない日韓も、黄砂に付着する大気汚染物質の発生源である自国企業関連の工場や、砂漠化につながる木材・農産品・畜産品の輸入などを通しても関わっており責任がある。
- Japan and South Korea, where no kosa is produced, are concerned with kosa as well because the factories of companies in these nations generate air pollutants that stick to kosa and because they import wood, agricultural products and livestock products that may cause desertification, and therefore, they are also responsible.
- 1884年(明治17年)南海電気鉄道や、1887年(明治20年)の伊予鉄道を皮切りに、両毛線、山陽鉄道、水戸線(初代)、九州鉄道、関西鉄道(初代)などが認可された。
- Starting with Nankai Electric Railway in 1884 and Iyo Railway in 1887, Ryomo Line, Sanyo Railway Company, Mito Line (the first), Kyushu Railway and Kansai Railway (the first) were approved.
- 「有色人種の小国が白人の大国に勝ったという前例のない事実が、アジアやアフリカの植民地になっていた地域の独立の気概に弾みをつけたり人種差別下にあった人々を勇気付けた」
- The unprecedented victory of a small country of yellow people over a large country of white people has galvanized the spirit of people seeking independence across the colonies throughout Asia and Africa.'
- また後で真相を知った織田信長も黒田長政を殺害したことに対して「不明であった」と大変悔やんだが、竹中重治の気転によって生きている事が解ると大いに喜んだと言われている。
- Nobunaga ODA, who knew the truth later, regretted very much that he killed Nagamasa KURODA telling that 'he lacked insight,' and he was very glad to know that Nagamasa KURODA was alive thanks to ready wit of Shigeharu TAKENAKA.
- (脚気ビタミン欠乏説が確定していた昭和期も、1938年まで毎年、国民の脚気死亡者数が1万人から2万人の間で推移しており、脚気が完全に根絶されたのは1952年以降)。
- (Even in the Showa Period when it was concluded that vitamin deficiency caused beriberi, until 1938, 10,000 to 20,000 citizens succumbed to beriberi on an annual basis, and it was not until after 1952 that beriberi was exterminated.)
- このころ、山縣有朋は近衛都督として近衛兵を統括する立場にあったが、近衛兵内部の薩摩系軍人には長州人である山縣を近衛都督としていただくことを不服とする空気が強かった。
- At this time, while Aritomo YAMAGATA was on the position of supervising imperial guards as the commander, there was a strong dissatisfaction among those guards from Satsuma against YAMAGATA, who was from Choshu.
- この梅北一揆はもともと遅れ気味であった島津氏の文禄の役参陣をさらに遅らせてしまう結果となり、島津義弘をもってして「日本一の遅陣」と言わしめるほどの失態につながった。
- Umekita ikki caused the further delay in sending of troops from the Shimazu clan that was already late in the Bunroku Campaign, as Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, the head of the Shimazu clan, recognized it as 'the slowest dispatch of troops in the country.'
- 当時18歳の吉良家当主の吉良義周は薙刀術を持って、赤穂浪士の剣客のひとりである武林唯七(堀部安兵衛とも)と果敢に渡り合ったが、斬られて目に血が入り、気を失ったという。
- It is said that the head of the Kira family, Yoshimasa KIRA, who was 18 at that time, courageously fought against one of the expert swordsmen among Ako Roshi, Tadashichi TAKEBAYASHI (also known as Yasube HORIBE) with his naginata skills; however, he fainted after blood from his wound went into his eyes.
- 現在に至る過去数十年間、中国での砂漠化の主な原因は、伐採、放牧、農耕、水利用の失敗などの人為的なものに加えて、自然な気候変動による乾燥化が重なったことだとされている。
- It is considered that the major factors contributing to desertification in the last several tens of years in China were the dry climate due to climate changes in addition to artificial factors, such as policy failures in cutting trees, pasturing, farming and water usage.
- 8月1日、逃亡先の近江甲賀郡の国人らを味方に引き入れ急ぎ京に戻った三好之長が、細川澄之の最後の砦となっていた遊初軒を高国勢とともに一気に攻め落したため澄之は自害した。
- On September 17, Yukinaga MIYOSHI, who had escaped to Koga-gun, Omi Province where he won the support of the local lords, rushed back to the capital; together with the Takakuni forces, Yukinaga captured Yushoken in one stroke, causing Sumiyuki HOSOKAWA to commit suicide since it was the last of his strongholds.
- 律令制においては呪禁は病気治療や安産のために欠かせないものとされ、同時に国家安泰のための道教呪術を行う存在として、天文学・暦学ともに「国家要道」の学と位置づけられた。
- Under the Ritsuryo system, the jugon hakase was considered indispensable for his spells, medical treatments of the sick and efforts to make childbirth safer, and at the same time, given the fact that the jugonshi were also casting Daoist incantations in order to ensure the stability and peace of the realm, jugon (the art of sorcery) was ranked among the 'kokka yodo' (arts vital to the state), along with astronomy and calendrical science.
- 家臣団の内部抗争・国人層の離反・信玄との戦いが膠着状態に陥りつつある状況に嫌気がさした謙信は毘沙門天堂に篭ることが多くなり、次第に信仰の世界に入っていくようになった。
- Kenshin was fed up with internal struggles among vassals, estrangements of Kokujin formation and frustrated with stale mate battles with Shingen, so he frequently confined himself at Bishamonten-do Hall to gradually enter the world of religious beliefs.
- 自らを毘沙門天の化身と称したり天罰と信じて戦を行う、短気であるなど、奇抜で苛烈な一面がある一方で、よく涙を流す、戦国大名らしからぬほど非常に繊細な面もあったとされる。
- He was unconventional and strange in some aspects like identifying himself as an incarnation of Bishamonten, fighting for divine justice, being impatient and short tempered and so on, while in other aspects he was striking and harsh, he was unlike a warring lord as he was too delicate and often shedded tears.
- 画芸について晋の顧愷之の『論画』、宋代の宗炳の『画山水序』・王微の『叙画』、斉 (南朝)の謝赫の『古画品録』などの画論でその理論が模索され、やがて気韻を貴ぶようになる。
- A theory of painting was dealt with in various literary works on painting such as 'Ronga' by GU Kaizhi in Jin, ' Preface to the Landscape Paintings' by SUNG Ping and 'Joga' by WANG Wei in the Sung period and 'Kogahinroku' by SHA Kaku in Qi (the Southern Dynasty), and soon kiin (elegance) began to be respected.
- マルコ・ポーロの記述やその他の黄金島伝説ではツィパングの場所として(緯度的にも気候的にも)明らかに熱帯を想定しており、実際の日本(温帯に属する)の位置とはかなり異なる。
- The description of Zipangu given by Marco Polo and other legends apparently located it in the Torrid Zone (both its degrees of latitude and its climate), which was quite different from the actual location of Japan (it belongs the Temperate Zone).
- ヨーロッパでは活版印刷が行われるようになった近世には既に、フランソワ・ラブレーやミゲル・デ・セルバンテスなどの人気作家に肖って、彼らの作品に便乗した偽物が出されていた。
- In early-modern times in Europe, when typographical printing was in practical use, forged writings of books by popular authors such as Francois Rabelais and Miguel de Cervantes were already being published.
- これは地方の領主達にとって負担も確かに大きいものの、一方で「ハレ」の場であり、中央の勢力とのコネクションを得る為にもと意気込み、それがまた「武士身分の獲得」ともなった。
- While it proved to be a heavy burden for district lords, it was the place of 'hare' (the non-ordinary space and time of ceremonies), and they were eager to obtain power and connections of the central government, and also attain the 'establishment of samurai social status.'
- 加えて、陰陽寮官人の人材不足による複数部門の兼務、という実態も相まって、才能・地位を認められた賀茂氏は一気に陰陽寮の主要部門をすべて独占することになったといわれている。
- It is said that, in addition, the fact that the officials had to hold additional posts of departments due to the shortage of capable government officials in Onmyoryo helped the Kamo clan, whose talent and position had been well recognized, to monopolize the principal departments of the Onmyoryo all at once.
- 降水量が少なく地面が乾燥する冬は、シベリア高気圧の影響で風があまり強くない穏やかな天候が続くうえ、ほとんどの乾燥地帯の表土は積雪に覆われてしまうため、黄砂が発生しにくい。
- Kosa is less likely to originate in the winter when rain falls little and the land surface becomes dry, because the weather during that season stays mild with no strong wind, due to the Siberian high pressure, and in addition, the surfaces of almost all of the dry areas are covered with snow.
- 最大の脅威であった信玄が死去したことを知った信長は一気に攻勢に出た。信玄なき今、もはや信長と立ち向かえるほどの余力が残された勢力はなく、なすすべもなく各個撃破されていった。
- Nobunaga, getting the information of Shingen's death, went on an offensive at a breath; nobody could stand up against Nobunaga, and one after another of the network was defeated impotently.
- 会津藩、薩摩藩と気脈を通じた久邇宮朝彦親王が巻き返しを図り、参内して孝明天皇を動かし、大和行幸の延期と三条実美ら攘夷派公卿の参朝禁止、長州藩の御門警護解任を決めてしまった。
- Imperial Prince Kuninomiya Asahiko who had communicated with Aizu Domain and Satsuma Domain tried to recover from a setback, went to the Imperial Palace, and had the Emperor Komei postpone the Imperial Trip to the Yamato Province, prohibit Joi ha court nobles such as Sanetomi SANJO to come to the Imperial Palace, and dismiss the Choshu Domain from the position of palace gate guards.
- 八代国治は『吾妻鏡』に恨みでもあるのだろうか、源頼家の怨霊が乗り移ったのだろうか、と思いたくなるぐらい『吾妻鏡』を語気強くこき下ろすが、これもまた原勝郎の警鐘の続きである。
- Kuniji YASHIRO seems to have had a grudge against 'Azuma Kagami,' because he criticized it severely as if he was possessed by a vengeful ghost of MINAMOTO no Yoriie, continuing the warnings of Katsuro HARA.
- 日付が変わって26日丑刻(午前2時)、大宮二条で火災が起こり武士が気を取られた隙に、尹明は二条天皇を女房車に乗せ内裏を出て、六波羅の清盛邸に入った(二条天皇の六波羅行幸)。
- As February 11 faded into 12, at around the hour of the Ox (about 2 AM), a fire was set in Omiya Nijo Palace, and taking advantage of the soldiers' distraction, Tadaaki hid Emperor Nijo in a carriage restricted to ladies and drove away, soon entering Kiyomori's mansion at Rokuhara (this being Emperor Nijo's aforementioned Imperial visit to Rokuhara).
- 青く澄んだ静かな湖面に東山を主峰とする緑濃き山塊がどっしりとそびえる様は、比較的平坦な地形の多い琵琶湖において、稀な景観を呈し、神秘的かつ猛々しい雰囲気をかもし出している。
- The view of deep green mountain mass with Mt. Higashiyama as a principal peak on the blue, clear and gentle surface of the lake gives quite unique scenery in Lake Biwa where comparatively flat landscape is common and creates mysterious and ferocious atmosphere.
- 第四次川中島の合戦の直前、10万を超える東国の大連合軍を率いて一気に小田原城などに攻め込み北条氏を滅亡寸前まで追い詰めたが、隙をついて武田信玄が信濃にて軍事行動を起こした。
- Just before the fourth Battle of Kawanakajima, Kenshin led a big allied force of Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) with more than 100,000 soldiers attacked Odawara-jo Castle in one stroke, and cornered the Hojo clan to the brink of collapse, Shingen TAKEDA took military actions in Shinano Province in an unguarded moment.
- ジャパン・パンチによれば当時、人口2千人ほどの居留地外国人の楽しみは根岸競馬場での競馬観戦であり、テニスやラケットボール、クリケット(英国人)、野球(米国人)も人気があった。
- There were about 2000 people living in the settlement, and according to the Japan Punch, foreigners enjoyed watching horse racing at Negishi Racetrack; other popular sports included tennis, racket ball, cricket (among the English), and baseball (among the Americans).
- ということは、少なくも、「脱亜」という言葉が、福沢において「自由」「人権」「文明」「国権」「独立の気象」といった言葉と並ぶような、福沢のキーワードでなかったことを物語っている。
- It means at least that the word 'Datsu-A' was not a keyword in his mind unlike 'freedom,' 'human right,' 'civilization,' 'national power' and 'phenomenon of independence.'
- 飛行機、ヘリコプター、気球、船舶を利用した観測、2,000m以上の高地(対流圏と呼ばれる大気の層で地面との摩擦が無いため、大気が他とは異なった流れになっている)での観測もある。
- Observations are also conducted on airplanes, on helicopters, on flying balloons, on ships or at highlands at an altitude of more than 2000 m (where an atmospheric layer called free troposphere exists, and the layer has an air flow different from that of others, because no friction with the ground surface exists there).
- また、多方面に通じたスポーツマンであったことから学生や若者からの人気は高く、雑誌『冒険世界』が行った「痛快男子十傑投票」という読者投稿企画では、運動家部門で1位に選ばれている。
- As a versatile sportsman, Mishima enjoyed high popularity among students and young people, and he was selected as the top under the sportsman category by reader's vote at an event 'the vote on the ten most heroic men' performed by ''Adventure World'' magazine.
- 柳亭種彦は、合巻の『正本製』(しょうほんじたて)シリーズなどで、すでに流行作家になっていたが、年長の曲亭馬琴も、『金毘羅船利生纜』『傾城水滸伝』などの長編合巻で人気を集めていた。
- Writing the gokan series such as 'Shohon-jitate' (Stories in a Promptbook Form), Tanehiko RYUTEI had already been a popular writer, while his senior, Bakin KYOKUTEI was popular for writing long gokan such as 'Konpira-bune risho no tomozuna' (Life Lines of Grace from Konpira's Boat), 'Keisei Suikoden' (A Courtesans' Shui hu chuan), and so on.
- これは朝鮮人労働者が激しく抵抗したためであったが、欠員は以前通信事業に従事していて悪事を働いた為に免職になったものや、病気で退職したものを半ば強制的に集めて当初はしのいだという。
- The holes left by the stiff resistance of Korean workers were filled by almost forcibly gathering former workers of communication services who had been dismissed for having done wrong or retired for health reason.
- 中国の気象当局は、瞬間風速25m/s以上で視程が50m以下の砂塵嵐を「黒風暴」(カラブラン, Kara Bran)または「黒風」と規定しており、俗に「黒い嵐」などと呼ばれている。
- The meteorological authorities in China specify a sandstorm with an instantaneous wind speed of 25 m/s or more and a visible distance of 50 m or less as Kara Bran or 'black wind,' which is called 'black storm' popularly.
- 浮遊運動をする砂の運動を詳しく見ると、砂嵐によって巻き上げられた後、日中暖まった空気が上昇することによって起きる上昇気流に乗って、上空500m - 2km付近に上昇して移動する。
- In more details, the movement of the floating sand is as follows: The sand flung up into the air by a sandstorm ascends up 500 m to 2 km above the ground due to an ascending air current and moves at that height.
- ところが、先に信長によって京都より追放されて摂津国に逃れていた三好三人衆が京都への復権を目指して、信長不在で正月で義昭周辺の気の緩んでいるところを突いて本圀寺を攻撃したのである。
- However, Miyoshi sanninshu, who were in exile in Settsu Province expelled by Nobunaga from Kyoto earlier, with the aim of gaining power in Kyoto again, attacked Honkoku-ji Temple while Nobunaga was absent from Kyoto, and when the guards of Yoshiaki let their guard down during the New Year.
- また韓国気象庁は、大韓民国環境部所管の観測網から得られるPM10濃度の1時間当たり平均値の予報を基に、規定の濃度が2時間以上続くと予想された場合に、3段階の警報体制をとっている。
- Based on the average prediction per hour of the PM10 density obtained from the observation network of the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea, South Korea's weather agency issues a three-stage warning when it is predicted that a specified density will continue for two or more hours.
- 日本の気象庁の観測では、1967年の観測開始以降、2002年に黄砂観測の日数・延べ日数が共に最多を記録したが、年ごとの変化が大きいため長期的な変化傾向ははっきりと判明していない。
- The Japan Meteorological Agency has observed kosa since 1967, and the data obtained there shows the following: Both the number of kosa occurrences and the total number of days when kosa was observed were maximum in 2002, but the long-term trend is not clear because the data changed considerably depending on the year.
- このときの様子は「太平の眠りをさます上喜撰 たった四はいで夜も寝られず」(蒸気船と茶の上喜撰、4隻を4杯、茶で眠れなくなる様子を、黒船の騒ぎとかけた皮肉)という狂歌に詠まれている。
- The state of Edo's residents at the time is rendered in the following satirical poem, in which the four steam ships are symbolized by high-grade jokisen tea: 'Taihei no nemuri o samasu jokisen, tatta yonhai de yoru mo nerarezu' ('The Jokisen tea that awakens one from a peaceful sleep/With only four cups, the night is sleepless').
- それによると、平均値に比べてヒ素が22倍、マンガンが13倍、クロムが7倍、ニッケルが3倍という高い数値を記録しており、黄砂の飛来時には大気の成分が通常とは異なることを示唆している。
- In the investigation, the amount of arsenic included was 22 times the average value, that of manganese 13 times the average value, that of chromium 7 times the average value and that of nickel 3 times the average value, each quite a high value compared with the average value, were detected, suggesting that the components of the air in the time when kosa is falling are different from those of the ordinary air.
- 日本二百名山に数えられる伯母子岳が単独で、または護摩壇山の関連ルートとして歩かれているのを一例外として、他は交通至難であることも手伝って歩く人も少なく、静謐な雰囲気が保たれている。
- Among many parts of the route, Mt. Obakodake is relatively busy because it is one of the 200 top mountains of Japan and one of routes to climb Mt. Gomadan, however, since the whole route is difficult to access, other parts of the route keep tranquil atmosphere.
- 滝川一益の敗走により、織田領である信濃、甲斐、上野が一気に空白状態となると、越後の上杉景勝や相模の北条氏直、三河の徳川家康など近隣勢力が侵攻し、旧織田領を巡る天正壬午の乱が起こる。
- As Kazumasu TAKIGAWA was routed, Oda's territory Shinano, Kai, and Ueno became void at once, and neighboring forces such as Kagekatsu UESUGI in Echigo, Ujinao HOJO in Sagami, and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in Mikawa invaded, and Tenshojingo no ran (Tenshojingo Rebellion) occurred in the former Oda territory.
- 一方、城内では水攻めという奇想天外な戦法に動揺し、物資の補給路を断たれて兵糧米が少なくなったことと、小早川隆景、吉川元春ら毛利氏の援軍が来ないことも相まって兵の士気は低下していた。
- At the same time, as the unpredictable inundation tactics stirred the castle, the declining provisions of rice for the army by losing their supply lines, and the fact of not having support troops from the Mori clan including Takakage KOBAYAKAWA and Motoharu KIKKAWA combined to wear down the morale of the troops.
- 通説によれば、西郷とは初対面から大いに意気投合し、西原から1里弱(3.4km)離れた和泊の西郷の座敷牢まで毎日のように通っては、時世を論じ学問を語り、書や詩作を教えるようになった。
- According to the popular theory, Kawaguchi got on very well with Saigo from the first time they met; and everyday Kawaguchi visited Saigo's cell of the prison of Wadomari which was 3.4 kilometers away from Nishihara and discussed current issues and talked about learning, and he came to teach calligraphy and poetry to Saigo.
- 五カ国条約は関税自主権が無く、領事裁判権を認めたほか、片務的最恵国待遇条款を承認する(一説には一般の日本人の海外渡航を認める気がなかった幕府側からの要請とする説もある)内容であった。
- Those Five-Countries Treaty did not grant Japan tariff autonomy but admitted consular jurisdiction of the other countries, and approved the one-sided most favored nation clause for the benefit of the other countries (which is said to have been requested by the bakufu, which had no intention to admit the Japanere general public to go abroad).
- また京都電燈から供給される豊富な電力は、京都市の産業振興に大きく貢献し、日本初の路面電車である京都電気鉄道(後に京都市電へ買収)を1895年(明治28年)に走らせる事にもつながった。
- The large amount of electricity supplied by Kyoto Dento also greatly contributed to the industrial development of Kyoto City, as it led to the inauguration of Kyoto Electric Railway (later sold to Kyoto City Trams), which was the first Japanese electric tramway, in 1895.
- 1914年(大正3年)、名古屋市において路面電車を運営していた名古屋電気鉄道(名電)に対し、不況下(当時はまだ、第一次世界大戦が勃発した直後)のもと市民は運賃の高さに不満を持っていた。
- In 1914, people under the economy depression (it was just soon after the First World War occurred) were frustrated with the high price of the fare of Nagoyo Denki Testudo ran streetcars in Nagoya city.
- 両藩への同情や日和見的に雰囲気から参加した藩だけでなく、大藩の圧力や旧幕府軍の恫喝を受けて参加した藩もあり、結束が固いとは言い難く、戦況が劣勢になるにつれ次々と同盟から脱落していった。
- Because some domains joined the alliance out of sympathy or for opportunity, and others joined it because of pressure from large domains or from coercion by the former Shogunate forces, they were not closely united; accordingly, one domain after another defected from the alliance as the situation worsened.
- 旧南宋軍は被征服者のため元への忠誠心も全く無く、さらに元々南宋は金で兵士を募集する募兵という形をとっており、数は多いが所詮は寄せ集めであり、士気・忠誠心も低く、戦闘能力も高くなかった。
- The former Southern Sung army had no loyalty to the Yuan Dynasty, because it was a conquered army, and furthermore, it had recruited soldiers through payment so that its soldiers were large in number but simple people who had low morale, loyalty, and fighting strength.
- 秋田蘭画の多くは、絹本着色で掛幅という東洋画の伝統的な形態をとりながらも、画題のうえでは洋風の風景画や静物画を、技法のうえでは陰影法や大気遠近法など西洋絵画の手法を多く採り入れている。
- Many Akita Ranga paintings used traditional Eastern styles of painting by using silk fabric colors and Kakehaba (Japanese pigments) while adopting Western painting techniques, which included Western-style themes, such as landscapes and still-lifes, and used such techniques as shadowing and aerial perspective.
- 元亀元年(1570年)、氏康の7男(異説あり)である北条三郎を養子として迎えた輝虎は、三郎のことを大いに気に入って上杉景虎という自身の初名を与えるとともに、一族衆として厚遇したという。
- In 1570, Terutora adopted Saburo HOJO, the seventh son of Ujiyasu (a different opinion exists), he really liked Saburo giving his own original name, Kagetora UESUGI, as well as treating him kindly as one family.
- その後、に上町台地を開削して大和川を直接大阪湾に注ぐ工事を行ったが失敗している(大阪市天王寺区の茶臼山古墳 (大阪市)にある河底池はその名残りとされ、「和気橋」という名称の橋がある)。
- After that he also carried out the work to level the Uemachi Plateau and construct a channel in order to make Yamato-gawa River flow directly into the Osaka Bay, but his attempt failed (it is said that Kawazoko-ike Pond situated in the premise of Chausuyama Tumulus (Osaka), in Tennoji Ward, Osaka City is a remain of this failed project and there is a bridge called 'Wake-bashi Bridge.')
- だが、天正4年(1576年)に押小路烏丸殿を気に入った信長は二条晴良に迫って退去させ、村井貞勝による修繕工事の後に天正7年(1579年)儲君誠仁親王の御所として提供してしまったのである。
- However, Nobunaga, who was pleased with the Oshikoji Karasumadono residence, forced Haruyoshi NIJO to move out, and used it as a palace of Crown Prince Sanehito in 1579 following repair work by Sadakatsu MURAI.
- これらの情勢から岩倉までもが弱気となり、同日松平春嶽が辞官納地の具体的内容を岩倉に迫った際も、岩倉は慶喜が「前内大臣」と名乗ればよいとし、領地については確答を避けるなど弱腰になってしまう。
- Even Iwakura developed a hesitant attitude under such situation and took soft stand toward Shungaku MATSUDAIRA when he urged Iwakura to give specific details of Jikan nochi on that day, by answering that it would be enough for Yoshinobu to call himself 'former Minister of the Center' and avoiding to give clear answer for the land issue.
- 逆に兄・時平や共に道真を陥れた源光 (公卿)が亡くなり、醍醐天皇が病気がちとなり、天皇の父である宇多法皇が再び国政に関与するようになると、忠平は法皇の相談役として急速な出世を遂げたと言う。
- It is said that after the deaths of his brother Tokihira and MINAMOTO no Hikaru (a court noble), who together had undermined Michizane, when Emperor Daigo became prone to illness and his father, the Cloistered Emperor Uda, returned to government, Tadahira achieved rapid advancement as his advisor.
- ただ、低気圧が発達しながら移動するなどして、激しい風によって空気がかき混ぜられた場合は、日本上空で最大6 - 7km程度と、もっと高い高度にも高濃度の層ができて遠くまで運ばれることもある。
- However, when the air is churned by a strong wind, for example, by a movement of a growing low pressure, a high-density dust layer may be generated at a higher place, for example, a height of up to 6 to 7 km above the Japanese archipelago, moving the dust to far away places.
- 897年(寛平9年)、宇多天皇は皇太子敦仁親王(醍醐天皇)に譲位し、その2年後に自ら造立した仁和寺で出家し法皇と称したが、病気がちの醍醐天皇に代わって、実際の政務を執っていたいう説もある。
- In 897, Emperor Uda abdicated the throne to Crown Prince Atsugimi (Emperor Daigo), and became a priest in Ninna-ji Temple which he built himself and called himself Cloistered Emperor two years later, but there is an assumption that he in fact managed political affairs in place of the oft-ailing Emperor Daigo.
- このようにマーティンの訳に訂正を試みようとしているものの、「この法は天地の常理なれば、これに遵えば天地和合の気を受け無事なるべし」という風に、マーティンよりも国際法を自然法的に解釈している。
- As just described, the author of the book tried to correct the translation of Martin version, but as written in the book 'The law is fundamental rule of the world, which does not change forever, therefore we can stay safely if we abide by the law, we will have a good effect from unification of the world,' tendency to understand international law as natural law is more noticeable than Martin version.
- とくにテレビ放送創生期に放送された「番頭はんと丁稚どん」が人気を博し、当時は丁稚・小僧の制度が消滅していたことも関連して、この様な奉公人をさすことばとして丁稚が全国的に通用するようになった。
- Banto and Decchi', which was televised in the early stage of TV broadcasting, became popular and the term, decchi became known nationwide as such a servant when the decchi or kozo system had already disappeared.
- そして『妾』の末尾の近刊予告を見ると、『諸国廻船便』と『西行はなし 歌枕染風呂敷』の二作品が並べられており、まだ秋成に浮世草子を書く気、予定があったことが見えることも、この論を裏付けている。
- And an announcement of forthcoming titles at the end of 'Tekake' shows two works of 'Tidings from a Cargo Ship in Various Provinces' and 'Saigyo Stories: Poetic Sites Bundled in a Dyed Cloth,' and Akinari seems to have intended to write Ukiyo zoshi, which supported the conjecture.
- 大本営陸軍部の大本営組織をつとめる石黒忠悳(軍医総監・陸軍省医務局)や軍医部長の一人森鴎外医学功績と脚気問題から見た再評価(森鴎外)などが科学的根拠がないとして、麦飯の支給に強硬に反対した。
- Tadanori ISHIGURO responsible for the entire system of the Army of the Imperial headquarters (surgeon general of Medical department of Ministry of Army) and one of directors of army surgeons, Ogai MORI and other surgeons were strongly opposed to supplying barley rice; suggesting that reevaluation in view of medical achievements and beriberi Ogai MORI) lacks scientific evidence.
- 重太郎の剣士としての力量については説が定まらないようであるが、重太郎が道場を任されるようになった後にも桶町道場の人気は衰えていないようなので、相当の実力を持つ剣客であったことは言を待たない。
- Jutaro's ability as a swordsman is unknown, however, it is certain that he was an expert swordsman with considerable skills since the popularity of Okemachi dojo did not decline after he took it over.
- 新田義貞は、後醍醐天皇の二人の皇子恒良親王と尊良親王とを伴って下山し、北陸へ落ち延び、氣比神宮の宮司である気比氏治に迎えられ、10月13日_(旧暦)に越前国金ヶ崎城(福井県敦賀市)に入城した。
- Yoshisada NITTA descended the mountain with two imperial princes of the Emperor Godaigo: the Imperial Prince Tsuneyoshi and the Imperial Prince Takayoshi, and successfully escaped to the Hokuriku region where they were welcomed by Ujiharu KEHI who was Guji (chief of those who serves shrine, controls festivals and general affairs) of Kehi-jingu Shrine, then entered Kanegasaki-jo Castle in Echizen Province (Tsuruga City, Fukui Prefecture) on November 24.
- 井上と伊藤博文らは日本人がこうした扱いから免れるようになるためには、欧米と同じ文化水準である事を海外に示さない限りはまともな外交交渉の相手としても認められないという事実に気づいていたのである。
- INOUE and Hirobumi ITO found the truth that Japanese could not be recognized as a respectable partner of diplomatic negotiations until they showed the people abroad that they kept the same level of culture as Europe and America to avoid such treatment.
- 服部武雄は隊内でも相当な二刀流の使い手として鳴らしていたため、服部の孤軍奮闘は鬼気迫るものがあったというが、最後は服部の刀が折れたスキを狙って原田左之助が繰り出した槍によって、落命したという。
- Takeo HATTORI was famous as being skillful in using two swords at once, and his bloodcurdling presence of fighting alone overwhelmed the men he fought against; however, he was killed by Sanosuke HARADA's spear when his sword broke.
- しかし、郡司・百姓層の要求が多分に自利的であることに藤原道長を首班とする太政官も次第に気付き始め、1110年代後期~1120年代にかけて国司解任に至る事例は約5割から約2割へと激減していった。
- However Daijokan headed by FUJIWARA no Michinaga became aware that some claims of Gunji and farmers are rather selfish and thus claims that won dismissal of the Kokushu dramatically dropped from about 50% to 20% during the period between the latter half of the 1110's and the 1120's.
- しかし、武勇に優れた正則は文治派の石田三成らと朝鮮出兵を契機としてその仲が一気に険悪になり、慶長4年(1599年)の前田利家の死後、朋友の加藤清正と共に三成を襲撃するなどの事件も起こしている。
- However, the relation between Masanori, who was a military expert, and the Bunchi faction (civilian party), which included Mitsunari ISHIDA, rapidly worsened with Japan's Invasion of Korea, and when Toshiie MAEDA died in 1599, he caused incidents with his close friend Kiyomasa KATO, such as, an attack of Mitsunari.
- 1つは一気に廃藩置県を論じたことによって諸藩の武士は大いに動揺し、一部の保守派が京都に押しかけて、伊藤を「忠義の道を蔑ろにする者」としてその排斥もしくは処罰を新政府に求める動きに出たことである。
- One is that samurais of domains got upset by the sudden discussion on haihan-chiken and a part of the conservatives mobbed Kyoto to ask the new government to exclude or punish Ito as 'the one who makes light of loyalty.'
- 安政2年(1855年)7月、幕府はオランダから寄贈を受けた蒸気船「観光丸」を練習艦とし、オランダ海軍から派遣されたヘルハルト・ペルス・ライケン大尉以下22名を教官とする長崎海軍伝習所を開設した。
- In July, 1855, the bakufu founded Nagasaki Kaigun Denshu-sho (Japanese Naval School in Nagasaki) in which `kanko maru,' a steam boat donated by the Dutch Navy for training was used and Nagasaki Kaigun Denshu-sho had 22 officers dispatched from the Dutch Navy including Heruharuto Berusu Raiken dajo in Nagasaki.
- 日本と欧米間の取り決めでは港税は22ドル(入港料15ドル+出港料7ドル)であったのに対し、日朝間では蒸気船など大きな船舶については5円、それ以下の規模の船は積載量により2円と1円50銭とされた。
- In the treaty between Japan and Europe and the United States, the port due was 22 dollars (15 dollars for entrance + 7 dollars for clearance), while in the treaty between Japan and Korea, it was 5 yen for large ships like steamships, and 2 yen or 1.50 yen for the smaller ships, which was decided depending on the burden.
- 1825年(文政8年)、イギリスのストックトン - ダーリントン間で蒸気機関車を用いた貨物鉄道の運行が開始され、1830年(文政13年)にはリヴァプール - マンチェスター間に旅客鉄道も開業する。
- In Britain, operation of the steam locomotive railway for freight transport was started between Stockton and Darlington in 1825, and in 1830, passenger railway service was also started between Liverpool and Manchester.
- なお、通説では第3部はおそらく式部の作(第2部執筆以降かなり長期間の休止を置いたためか、用語や雰囲気が相当に異なっているが、それをもって必ずしも他人の作とまで言うことはできない)というものである。
- It is generally accepted that the third part was written by Shikibu (the long interval after finishing the second part might make a difference in diction and atmosphere, but it is not necessarily possible to attribute it to a different author).
- これは、バックグラウンド黄砂が、地上から排出される大気汚染物質に含まれているSO42-(硫酸イオン)とほとんど混ざっていないことを意味し、普通の黄砂とは異なる経路を通ってきていることを示している。
- This indicates that background kosa is slightly mixed with SO42- (sulfide ion) included in air pollutants exhausted on the ground level and that this type of kosa is generated through paths different from those through which ordinary kosa is generated.
- 他に社会事業をおこなった人物としては、行基の師で宇治橋をつくったといわれる道昭(法相宗の開祖)、貧窮した民衆を救済するための悲田院・施薬院を設けた光明皇后、多数の孤児を養育した和気広虫などがいる。
- Others who carried out social works include Dosho (founder of the Hosso sect) who was Gyoki's teacher and said to have built Uji-bashi Bridge, the Empress Komyo who established Hidenin and Seyauin to give relief to poor people, and WAKE no Hiromushi who brought up a large number of orphans.
- 早合を装填する場合は、先ず蓋または栓をとり、立てた銃の銃口へ蓋をとった一端から火薬とそれに続く弾を一気に注ぎ込み、更に搠杖(かるか、または、さくじょう)を使って薬室に衝き込むという方法がとられた。
- When loading, the lid or the stopper of a hayago is removed, gun powder and the bullet are loaded from the muzzle of a gun held vertically, then they are further pushed into the gun chamber using a rod.
- さらに滋賀県東近江市五個荘町の小幡人形などには通信使人形(正確には唐人人形、 随行員である小童や楽隊の人形)があり、異国より献上された象などとともに当時の人気キャラクターであったことがうかがわれる。
- Furthermore, Obata dolls in Gokasho-cho, Higashiomi City, Shiga Prefecture include Tsushinshi dolls (correctly, tojin (Chinese) dolls): the dolls of children and those of a music band), suggesting that they were popular at that time together with elephants presented by a foreign country.
- また、前述のような条件下で湿舌と呼ばれる特異な水蒸気の流れ込みパターンとなったり、テーパリングクラウドのような発達した積乱雲が、停滞したり同じ地域に次々と流れ込んだりして、豪雨をもたらすことがある。
- Also, sometimes, torrential rain is caused by a pattern in which unique moisture vapor called moist tongue flows in under above-mentioned conditions or by developed cumulonimbus such as tapering cloud becomes stationary or flows into the same region one after another.
- 関東ベエ・奥州ベエたちは、秋の収穫を済ませてから旅立ったため小辺路を通行する頃にはすっかり厳冬期にはいっており、しばしば「雪が三尺も積もった峠を平気で越えて、萱小屋や大股や水ヶ峯の宿屋に泊まった」。
- Such kanto-be and oshu-be began their trips after finishing harvests in Autumn, therefore they had to walk Kohechi in midwinter, however, 'most of them crossed passes on which snow lay about 90.9 centimeters high without any difficulties and stayed at inns in Kayagoya, Omata or Mizugamine'.
- 台湾出兵時に西郷従道が装備したガトリング砲も九州へ送られるなど、徴兵で構成された政府軍は精強な薩摩士族相手に戦うために、相当な意気込みを見せたが、一番肝心な歩兵銃の弾薬調達でトラブルが発生していた。
- The government army, which consisted of conscripts, was so enthusiastic about fighting against the powerful band of warrior class in Satsuma that it even sent the Gatling gun that had been equipped by Tsugumichi SAIGO for the Taiwan expedition to Kyushu but had a trouble in the essential matter of supplying ammunition for infantry rifle.
- だが、大規模な軍事衝突にも関わらず、参加諸大名の士気は低く、かと言って勝利の際の利益配分を期待しなかったわけではないため、結果的に首都で延々と11年間も決着が付かない軍事衝突を断続的に行う事になった。
- Yet despite the enormous size of the armies involved, morale among the various participating daimyo was low; this wasn't to say that they weren't hoping to be rewarded if their side was victorious, but as a result of this situation, inconclusive and intermittent fighting ravaged the capital for the next eleven years.
- 上喜撰を飲んで「たった四杯で夜も眠れなくなる」ことと、異国の蒸気船が来航して「たった四杯(隻)で国中が蜂の巣をつついたような騒ぎとなり夜も眠れないでいる」こととをかけて世の騒動を揶揄している訳である。
- This Tanka was cynical about the confusion by a double meaning of 'four cups of Jokisen tea kept us awake all night' and 'four Jokisen (steamboats) created chaos in the whole country which kept us from sleeping all night'.
- 山内首藤経俊はこの襲撃事件を平氏反乱の兆しとは気づかず、12月25日に侍所別当和田義盛が幕府に事件の張本を伊勢国員弁郡の郡司進士行綱と報告し、翌元久元年(1204年)2月、行綱は召し捕られ囚人とされた。
- Tsunetoshi YAMANOUCHI SUDO did not recognize this attack as a rebellion of the Taira clan and Samurai-dokoro betto (the superior of the board of retainers), Yoshimori WADA, reported to the bakufu that the incident was caused by Yukitsuna SHINSHI, gunji (official of a county) of Inabe County, Ise Province, who was captured and sent to prison in March 1204.
- 漆間の翁は、勝四郎がいなくなったあとの戦乱で乱れたこの土地の様子、宮木が気丈にもひとりで待っていたが、約束の秋を過ぎて次の年の八月十日に死んだこと、漆間の翁が弔ったことを語り、勝四郎にも弔いをすすめた。
- Uruma no Okina tells him what it was like there amid the turmoil after Katsushiro left, that Miyagi had bravely waited alone for him but the autumn passed and she died on the tenth day of August in the following year, and that Uruma no Okina performed a memorial service for the dead; then he advises Katsushiro to hold a memorial service for her.
- 発生地付近では黄砂の元となる「砂嵐」(砂塵嵐)、大気中を浮遊する黄砂は「大気エアロゾル粒子」であり、風の有無にかかわらず黄砂が空中に大量に浮遊・降下している状態は「風塵」や「煙霧」・「ちり煙霧」である。
- In the area where kosa is being generated, kosa indicates 'a sandstorm' that causes kosa, the kosa floating in the air are 'ambient aerosol particles,' and the state in which lots of kosa is floating and falling is called 'drifting dust,' 'haze' or 'dust haze.'
- 戦国の武士の気風を受け継ぎ殉死などを行なうかぶき者を公秩序維持のため徳川家綱の代に禁止し、江戸幕府が、儒教の朱子学を公の学問としたため、信・義・忠を重んじ、気高い振る舞いを行なうのが武士であるとされた。
- The kabuki-mono (the crazy ones, dandy), who followed their master to the grave with the moral tone of bushi during the Sengoku period, were forbidden for the maintenance of public order during the generation of Ietsuna TOKUGAWA and the Edo bakufu authorized Shushigaku (Neo-Confucianism) of Confucianism as public scholarship and thus the bushi should emphasize the faith, justice and loyalty and behave nobly.
- 天皇や時平は「延喜の治」と呼ばれる自らが主導するの政治改革を目指すものの、変からわずか8年後に時平が急死、続いて醍醐天皇も病気がちとなり、政治権力の中心は再度宇多法皇と藤原忠平の手中に帰する事になった。
- The Emperor and Tokihira planned political reforms to put themselves in direct leadership roles for the new administration, which was called 'Engi no chi' (the (glorious) government during the Engi era), but only eight years after the coup, Tokihira died suddenly, and moreover Emperor Daigo became more and more prone to illness, which allowed de facto political power to shift back again under the control of Cloistered Emperor Uda and FUJIWARA no Tadahira.
- 孝謙天皇称徳天皇(孝謙上皇が復位)と道鏡は宇佐八幡宮に神託がくだったとして、道鏡を皇位継承者に擁立しようとしたが、藤原百川や和気清麻呂に阻まれ、770年(宝亀元年)の称徳天皇の没後に失脚した(道鏡事件)。
- The Empress Koken/Shotoku (who had previously retired but was restored) along with Dokyo, insisting that a Shintaku (oracle) of Usa Hachimangu Shrine) had been handed down, tried to appoint Dokyo as heir to the Imperial Throne but they were stopped by FUJIWARA no Momokawa and WAKE no Kiyomaro, and after the Empress Shotoku's death in 770 Dokyo fell from power.
- 結果的に、そのレーションの不備と輸送能力・インフラ整備の問題(輸送中に一万石の挽割麦の大半が変敗したという記録がある)等により、陸軍は約25万人の脚気患者を出し、うち約2万7,800人が病死したとされる。
- Approximately 27,800 of 250,000 army beriberi patients are said to have died due to improper rationing, and logistics and infrastructure problems (Records reveal that most of the 10,000 koku [approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield] of barley groats spoiled in transit).
- 厳冬期の旅を終えて長崎に到着した一行を見た責任者の寺沢半三郎は、一行の中に12歳の少年ルドビコ茨木がいるのを見て気の毒に思い、信仰を捨てることを条件に助けようとしたが、ルドビコはこの申し出を丁重に断った。
- When the supervisor, Hanzaburo TERAZAWA, found 12-year old Louis IBARAKI among the party which arrived in Nagasaki after the journey in the coldest period of winter, he felt sorry and tried to save him by offering the condition that he should renounce his religion, but Louis politely turned down this offer.
- 設備方面ではイギリス人ウィリアム・バードンにより台湾の上下水道が設計されたほか、道路改善、秋の強制清掃、家屋の換気奨励、伝染病患者の強制隔離、予防注射の実施など公共衛生改善のための政策が数多く採用された。
- As for public health facilities in Taiwan, in addition to the water and sewage system designed by a British engineer William Burdon, many policies were adopted to improve public health, such as the improvement of streets, compulsory cleaning in the autumn, encouragement of ventilation in houses, quarantine of the patients with infectious diseases.
- 生まれついての美貌と品のある芸風で新進気鋭の若手として東京、大阪で人気を集め、1884年(明治17年)市川團十郎 (9代目)の『助六』で揚巻役に抜擢され、以降團十郎や尾上菊五郎 (5代目)の相手を務める。
- As he won popularity in Osaka and Tokyo with natural beauty and elegant style of performance, he was selected for the part of Agemaki in 'Sukeroku' ('Sukeroku Yukari no Edozakura') when Danjuro ICHIKAWA (the ninth) played the leading character, and after that, he co-starred with Danjuro and with Kikugoro ONOE (the fifth) as female impersonator.
- この事件と同時期の1884年、イギリスでジョン・リーという死刑囚は、絞首台の落とし戸が3度も開かず停止されたという(原因は、落とし戸が湿気のために膨張し、重量がかかると戸が開かなくなったためとされている)。
- In 1884, around the same time of the incident, there was a condemned called John Lee in England and the execution was discontinued because the falling door didn't open despite three times of attempt (It is said to have been caused by swollenness of the door due to moisture, which was stuck and didn't open when someone stood on it).
- 清代の朱子学は、理気論や心性論よりも、朱熹が晩年に力を入れていた礼学が重視され、社会的な秩序構築を具体的に担う「礼」への関心が高まり、壮大な世界観を有する学問よりは、具体的・具象的な学問へと狭まっていった。
- Neo-Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty focused on Reigaku (courtesy science), which Hsi CHU concentrated in his later years, rather than the theory of Li-Ch'i and the theory of Mind, and interest in 'courtesy' increased, which was practically responsible for the establishment of public order, so that Neo-Confucianism was narrowed down from learning having a grand world view to becoming practicable and concrete.
- 幼少の頃から箏にも長けていたらしく、既に11歳で地歌「屋島」に箏の手を付けているのをはじめ、既存の地歌曲にもいくつか箏の手付けをしているが、これらもやはり八重崎検校など京都の手付けとは雰囲気が異なっている。
- It seems that he was skilled with the koto since childhood, and had already added a koto arrangement to 'Yashima,' a jiuta song, at the age of eleven, after which he added arrangements to numerous existing jiuta songs, different in atmosphere to the Kyoto arrangements by composers such as Kengyo YAEZAKI.
- そのころの百川は、表向きは内豎大輔として称徳天皇・道鏡政権の中枢に参加する一方で、神託事件によって配流された和気清麻呂のために秘かに仕送りを続ける(『百川伝』)など、激動する政界において巧みに振舞ってきた。
- At that time, Momokawa cleverly acted in a changing political world such as continuing sending money secretly to WAKE no Kiyomaro who was exiled for the plot of the oracle ('Momokawa den [the biography of Momokawa]') while he was officially at the center of the administration of Emperor Shotoku and Dokyo as Naiju no Taifu (Senior Assistant Minister of Royal Pages).
- 彼らは徳川家への復讐に燃える者、戦乱に乗じて一旗上げようとする者などで、歴戦の勇士が多く士気も旺盛だったが、いかんせん寄せ集めに過ぎないため統制がなかなかとれず、実際の戦闘では作戦に乱れが生じる元ともなった。
- Some of them were eager to revenge the Tokugawa family, some aimed to make their names in the world, taking advantage of the disturbances of war and so on: there were many brave warriors who had experienced many battles and were high in morale, however, only a jumble of warriors lacked regulations, causing strategic confusions in real battles.
- 以前からくすぶっていた新県構想は請願権の獲得によって一気に高まり、明治23年(1890年)の夏頃には「会見郡・汗入郡・日野郡3郡の島根県編入案」と「鳥取・島根両県を合併させ、会見県を新設する案」の2つが示された。
- The previously-existing conception of creating a new prefecture grew rapidly after the right of petition was obtained, and in the summer of 1890, 2 ideas such as 'incorporating Aimi, Aseri and Hino counties into Shimane Prefecture' and 'incorporating Tottori and Shimane Prefecture and create Aimi Prefecture' were presented.
- 床屋に怒られた童子は気落ちして近くの小川の橋にもたれてうつむいていると、水面に写る自分の顔がすっかり鬼になってしまっているのに気づき、床屋には帰らずに北の丹波の山に逃げ、やがて酒呑童子と出会い家来となったと言う。
- After being scolded by the irate barber, Doji was feeling despondent and wandered aimlessly down to the bridge over a nearby stream, hanging his head, only to notice that his face, reflected in the water, had completely transformed into that of an oni, whereupon he fled north, without ever returning home to the barber's, into the mountains of Tanba, where he eventually encountered Shuten Doji and became his henchman.
- 黄砂(こうさ)とは、特に中華人民共和国を中心とした東アジア内陸部の砂漠または乾燥帯の砂塵が、風を伴う砂嵐(砂じんあらし)などによって空に巻き上げられ、春を中心に東アジアなどの広範囲に飛来し、地上に降り注ぐ気象現象。
- Kosa indicates the following weather phenomenon: Dust in inland deserts or dry zones in eastern Asia centered around People's Republic of China, is flung up into the air, for example, by a sandstorm, and is carried and falls over a wide area of eastern Asia centered around spring.
- 9世紀前半には律令の研究が興隆した時期であり、讃岐永直・興原敏久・額田今足・惟宗直本など多くの優れた明法家が輩出され、讃岐氏(後に和気氏)・惟宗氏(後に令宗氏)のように数代にわたって明法博士を輩出した一族もあった。
- In the early 9th century, the study of ritsuryo flourished and a lot of Myoho experts were produced including SANUKI no Naganao, OKIHARA no Miniku, NUKATA no Imatari, KOREMUNE no Naomoto and also clans of Myoho doctors for generations were produced including Sanuki (future Wake clan) and Koremune (future Yoshimune clan)
- 中華人民共和国では、気象観測において黄砂は「砂塵天気」に含まれ、視程(水平視程)10km以内で風が弱い場合「浮塵」、風が強く視程10km - 1kmの場合「揚沙」、風が強く視程1km以下の場合「沙塵暴」とされている。
- In weather observations in the People's Republic of China, kosa is included in 'dust weather,' the air state in which the visibility (horizontal one) is within 10 km and the wind is weak is called 'floating dust,' the air state in which the wind is strong and the visibility is in the range of 10 to 1 km is called 'floating sand,' and the air state in which the wind is strong and the visibility is within 1 km is called 'shachenbao.'
- s気候変動に関する国際連合枠組条約の京都議定書3で定められており、土地利用・土地利用変化及び林業部門 (LULUCF Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry) 活動とも呼ばれる。
- In Kyoto Protocol of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, it is called Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF).
- 同年5月16日、光茂が69歳の生涯を閉じるや、42歳のこの年まで30年以上「お家を我一人で荷なう」の心意気で側近として仕えた常朝は、追腹禁止により殉死もならず、願い出て出家、5月19日、高伝寺了意和尚より受戒、剃髮。
- When Mitsushige died at the age of 69 on June 15, 1696, 42-year-old Jocho asked for a permission to the authority to let him enter into priesthood, because he had devoted all his life to Mitsushige during more than 30 years with the spirit to 'take charge of all the family affaires of his master by himself,' but he was not allowed to follow his master to the grave due to the oibara (following one's master into death by committing ritual suicide [seppuku]), and in May 19, he received the religious precept from the highest priest of Koden-ji Temple, Ryoi Osho and took the tonsure.
- 天皇もこの空気を敏感に察しており、淡路に流された廃帝(淳仁天皇)の謎の死、和気王の突然の処刑、天皇の異母妹である不破内親王の皇籍剥奪など皇族に対する粛清が次々と行われていき、皇位継承問題は事実上のタブーとなっていった。
- The Empress was also keenly aware of this atmosphere, and purges to the Imperial family were done one after another as follows: the dethroned Emperor Junnin's mysterious death, the sudden execution of the Prince Wake, sudden abridgment of register of the Imperial family from Imperial Princess Fuwa who was a younger paternal half-sister of the Empress; accordingly, the subject of the succession to the Imperial Throne became virtually a taboo.
- 気候変動枠組条約および京都議定書による温室効果ガス排出量管理に必要な各種排出量および森林吸収量の変化を推計するための基礎的数値については、各国が集計し報告することとなっている(京都議定書 5条・7条、情報の報告義務)。
- Each country has to collect and report basic figures to estimate the fluctuation of the amounts of various emissions and of forest absorption, which are necessary for the management of emission amount of greenhouse gases by United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol (Articles 3 and 7 of Kyoto Protocol, obligation of information report).
- 一説によれば、武田信玄はこのことをさして「もしあの時、時間を置かず一気に小田原城を攻めていたら防御の十分でなかった城は陥落し、さしもの北条氏康も滅ぼされていたであろう。そうすれば甲斐の国も危なかった」と述べたと伝わる。
- According to one theory, Shingen TAKEDA refered to this situation and said, 'If at that moment Kenshin attacked Odawara-jo Castle in one stroke without an interval, the castle with insufficient defense system would fall, and Ujiyasu HOJO would be ruined, if this was the case, Kai Province would be in danger.'
- しかし、寿永2年(1183年)5月に源義仲の軍が北陸から一気に京へ進軍すると、義仲軍に主力を壊滅させられていた平氏は、ついに安徳天皇を伴って京を脱出し大宰府に下向するが、豊後の武士・緒方維栄に撃退され屋島にたどり着いた。
- However, in May 1183, MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka's troops swept into Kyoto from Hokuriku, and the Taira clan, whose main forces were crushed by Yoshinaka's troops, finally decided to escape Kyoto and headed towards Dazaifu accompanied by Emperor Antoku, but were repelled by Koreyoshi OGATA, a bushi of Bungo and landed on Yashima Island.
- 阪神本線(1905年開業)を嚆矢とし、続く箕面有馬電気軌道(後の阪急宝塚本線、1910年開業)、阪急神戸本線(1920年開業)ほかの各線の開通は、神戸・北摂の未開拓な後背地であった近郊農村地帯への着目のきっかけとなった。
- Beginning with the Hanshin Line (started in 1905), the opening of the subsequent Minoo Arima Electric Tramway (later Hankyu Takarazuka Main Line, started in 1910), the Hanshin Kobe Main Line (started in 1920) and other lines became a trigger for focusing on the suburban farming areas which had previously been unexploited hinterlands in Kobe and Hokusetsu region.
- 戦国時代になり、朝廷や公家が経済的に困窮し、官位が売られるようになると、武家の名門である、管領細川家の代名詞とも言える右京大夫は、地方の戦国大名(特に東北地方の大名)にとって箔付けのために最も人気のある官位であったという。
- In the Sengoku period (period of warring states) when the imperial court and court nobles started selling their official court ranks due to financial difficulties, Ukyo no daibu, pronoun of Shogunal Deputy the Hosokawa clan which was the samurai family of pedigree, was believed to be the nifitiest official court rank for Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in provinces (especially for daimyo in the Tohoku region) who wanted to add dignity.
- そこで、関白藤原師通らが、天文密奏宣旨授与者である中原師遠と天文博士安倍親宗を喚問したところ、師遠は流星に気付かずに観測が出来なかったために密奏が出来ず、親宗は天文異変ではないので天文密奏の必要性は無かったと回答している。
- Then, kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) FUJIWARA no Moromichi and others summoned NAKAHARA no Moroto, who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso, and tenmon hakase ABE no Chikamune -- Moroto confessed that he could not have done misso because he was not aware of the meteor and failed to observe it; but Chikamune explained that since the meteor was not an extraordinary astronomical phenomenon, it needed not to be reported as tenmon misso.
- こうした動きは、国が過去の失政の責任を認めたくないから、いつまでも研究をやめないのだと揶揄もされている(しかし、大気汚染がさまざまな健康被害をもたらすことは確実である。近年の新たな知見にもとづいた新手法の調査が望まれよう)。
- The administration is also ridiculed for not terminating research due to an unwillingness to acknowledge responsibility for past misgovernment (although it is certain that air pollution does pose various health problems. A new procedure based on the knowledge of recent years is required).
- そのころ外道丸こと酒呑童子は、恋文の返事が来ないと悲観して死んだ娘のことを聞き、読まなかった恋文の入ったつづらを開けてみると異様な煙が立ち昇って気を失い、気づくと鬼へと変わり果てて寺から逃げて悪の限りを尽くすようになっていた。
- Around that time, Gedomaru (that is, Shuten Doji) heard of a girl who had died of grief due to his failure to send a reply to her love-letter, and upon opening the tsuzura (package) included in her letter--which he had never read--a strange vapor rose from it, causing him to lose consciousness; when he came to, his transformation into an oni was already complete, so he fled from the temple and set his heart on reaching the very limits of evil.
- また第二次世界大戦前後から阪神地域以外でも、阪急電鉄阪急京都本線や京阪電気鉄道京阪本線を中心とした京阪地域や、近鉄奈良線を中心とした阪奈地域、南海本線や南海高野線を中心とした泉州、南河内地域でも積極的に行われていくようになった。
- Furthermore, housing land development had come to be promoted actively before and after World War II, in the other areas outside the Hanshin area such as the Keihan area along the Hankyu Kyoto Main Line (Hankyu Corporation) and the Keihan Main Line (Keihan Electric Railway Co., Ltd.), the Hanna area along the Kintetsu Nara Line, and Senshu and Minamikawachi areas along the Nankai Main Line and Nankai-Koya Line.
- 雲居の雁という名前は本文中には現れず、夕霧と引き離された心情を「雲居の雁もわがごとや(晴れない霧の中を飛ぶ雁は今の私と同じような気持ちなのだろうか)」と口ずさんだ「少女 (源氏物語)」巻のエピソードに因み、後世の人が名づけたもの。
- The name 'Kumoi no kari' does not appear in the text, and she was named so by posterity after the episode in the volume 'Shojo (girl)' (Genji Monogatari) in which she hummed 'Kumoi no kari mo wagagotoya (if a goose flying in the fog feels as I do now)' expressing her sentiment after having been forced to part with Yugiri.
- その他、2002年(平成14年)、2006年(平成18年)には2月おわりから3月初めにかけて、南岸前線が停滞したり、朝晩中心に雨の降り易いすっきりしない空が続いて、お天気キャスターの一部では「菜種梅雨の走り?」と評されたりもした。
- Other than those years, in 2002 and 2006, the south coast front became stationary and unclear sky which tended to rain mainly in the morning and night continued and certain weather-related casters commented 'the forerunner of natanetsuyu.'
- いわゆる「一目ぼれ」(訳も判らず一見で気に入ってしまうこと)や「癪に障る」(苛立たしいと感じる・怒りのうち抑圧 (心理学)され継続的なもの)など、当事者には説明しがたい感情に支配された結果、相性が良い/悪いとみなされる場合もある。
- The so-called 'love at first sight' (when one is attracted to someone without even knowing him/her) or 'getting under one's skin' (the emotion of frustration and anger that is suppressed (psychology) and continual) are the situations which are controlled by emotions inexplicable to the one experiencing it, and as a result of which causes one to feel that he/she has a good/bad aisho with the given person.
- 二十三ヵ条にわたる本文の冒頭に「一期一会」の思想を、『本日の出会いは、再び同じ出会いではないと考え、主人は全てのことに、気を配り、客も亭主の趣向を何一つおろそかにせず、心に留めて、双方が誠意をもって交わるべきである』と主張している。
- At the beginning of this book consisting of 23 articles, Ii states the idea of 'ichigo ichie': 'We should keep in mind that an encounter today can never be experienced again, so the host should pay attention to every single matter and guests should never neglect the host's care; both should communicate in earnest.'
- 雪中行軍が行われたのは、冬季によく見られる典型的な西高東低の気圧配置で、未曾有の寒気団が日本列島を襲っていた時で、日本各地で観測史上における最低気温を更新した日でもある(旭川で1月25日、日本最低記録である-41.0℃を記録した)。
- The march was carried out on the day of the lowest temperature ever recorded in the country (on January 25, -41.1 degrees Celsius, the lowest temperature ever observed in Japan, was recorded in Asahikawa) when Typical winter pressure patterns such as, the high-pressure area to the west, and the low-pressure area to the east, and an unprecedented cold air mass was covering the Japanese archipelago.
- そうした雰囲気もあって、日本統治時代に様々な近代化が行われたことを認めつつも、近代化の萌芽は李氏朝鮮の時代に既に存在しており、日本による統治はそれらの萌芽を破壊することで、結果的には近代化を阻害したとする近代化萌芽論が独立後に現れた。
- Under those circumstances, the modernization germination theory, arguing modernization had already germinated in the Yi Dynasty Korea period, and the Japanese rule destroyed the germination, resulting in the impeded modernization, appeared after Korea's independence in spite of recognizing that the various modernization during the Japanese rule.
- しかしそのような説がある一方で、必ずしも長編の物語であるから長い執筆期間が必要であるとは言えず、数百人にも及ぶ登場人物が織りなす長編物語が矛盾無く描かれているのは短期間に一気に書き上げられたからであると考えるべきであるとする説もある。
- On the contrary, there is a view that it doesn't necessarily take a long time to write an extended story, and it should be considered that she wrote it over a short period of time without stopping, which made it possible to maintain the cohesiveness of such a long tale having more than 100 characters.
- 朱子学は政治学、存在論(理・気説)、注釈学(『四書集注』等)、倫理学(「性即理」説)、方法論(「居敬窮理」説)などを全て包括する総合的な哲学大系であって、朱子の偉大さはその体系内にはあっては極めて整合性の取れた論理を展開した点にある。
- Shushigaku is a comprehensive system of philosophy covering political science, ontology (the theories of ri and ki), exegetics ('The Four Books', etc), ethics (theory of 'Sei soku ri'), methodology (theory of 'Kyokei Kyuri'), amongst others, and Zhu Xi was great enough to develop an extremely consistent logic in that system.
- 文久2年(1862年)8月、慶政に左大臣・一条忠香より密使を通じて「朝命を拝し国事周旋せよ」との依頼あり、同年10月も朝廷より「周旋報国の勅命」を受けたが慶政は佐幕派と尊攘派の板挟みとなり、また病気も患っていたため動きが取れなかった。
- In August 1862, Yoshimasa was requested by Tadaka ICHIJO, Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), to 'receive the order of Imperial court and procure the state affairs' through a secret agent and also received an 'Imperial order to procure and devote the country' from the Imperial Court in October 1862, but Yoshimasa was caught in the middle of the Sabaku-ha (supporters of the Shogun) and the sonjo (advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) party, and moreover, could not move due to illness.
- 政府による「私有財産と生命、一国民としての栄誉の保護」が行われない朝鮮の国民であるよりも、各地で支配力を有するようになっていたイギリス人やロシア人に支配される方が、朝鮮の人々(朝鮮人民)にとっては幸福ではないかと強い語気で主張している。
- The editorial strongly suggests that for Korean people it would be better to be ruled by British or Russians who began to hold control in various places than Korean nationals who have no 'protection for their private property, life and honor as a citizen' by the government.
- 命名には『古今和歌集』『新古今』以来の正統を継承しようとする意気込みが見え、撰者の数を五人に増やしたのも、おそらく『新古今』のような勅撰集を目指した故であろうが、撰者が相容れぬ立場にあるため歌風の調和が取れず、多種多様で統一性に欠ける。
- The anthology tried to follow tradition by naming itself the successor of 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Poetry) and 'Shin Kokin,' and the reason why the number of anthologists was increased to five was probably because the Emperor wanted to make the anthology resemble 'Shin Kokin,' but because the anthologists were unable to agree with each other and couldn't organize the poems well it ended up being too diversified and inconsistent.
- 現存最古の作品として名高い佐竹本三十六歌仙絵巻でも、束帯や華麗な十二単の正装に居住まいを正す歌仙が大半を占める中で、一人くつろいだ袿姿で慎ましく顔を伏せた斎宮女御は、いかにも深窓の姫君らしい気品漂う姿が華やかな色彩で美しく描かれている。
- And in Satake's famous volume, the handscroll showing the portraits of the 36 Immortal Poets, which is the oldest surviving work depicting them, among the vast majority of the figures shown seated in sokutai (ceremonial court robes) and sumptuous twelve-layered kimonos, one, Queen Kishi, is shown in a more relaxed posture, in uchiki-sugata (informal dress), modestly hiding her face from view; she is painted beautifully, with vivid colors, and her appearance reflects a truly regal quality, secluded there deep in her inner rooms.
- ただ更に時代を下った近代では、陰陽五行思想は一般には余り気に掛けられず、専ら各々の人などが持つ要素・属性などの相互関係で、望ましい方向に発展することを「相性が良い」といい、どうも芳しくない結果に陥りがちな関係は「相性が悪い」と表現する。
- In the modern times, the philosophy of Onmyo gogyo is not much cared for in general; simply, when the mutual relationship between the elements or attributes of people develops to a desired direction, it is said to have a 'good aisho,' and when the combination may produces an undesirable result, it is said to have a 'bad aisho.'
- なお、全ての異常な天文現象が天文密奏の対象になったわけではなく、天文博士・天文密奏宣旨授与者が占った結果、重大な変事の前兆と判断された出来事に限定され、天文博士・天文密奏宣旨授与者が異常の発生に気付かなかった場合も密奏は行われなかった。
- Tenmon misso was not performed for all the unusual astronomical phenomena but only for phenomena which had been divined by tenmon hakase or those who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso as an omen of a great calamity -- the phenomena which tenmon hakase and those who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso had failed to observe were not reported as tenmon misso either.
- たとえば後者を要約すると、日本人の気風には専制政治を甘んじて受ける「奴隷根情〔ママ〕」が見うけられ、幕末まで美点とされてきた「忠諒易直」(心根が真っ直ぐであること)は、鎖国を国是としない明治の世では「無気無力」の別名に過ぎないとまでいう。
- For example, the latter is summarized as follows; Japanese has a character of 'slave sprit' by which they quietly accept autocracy, and 'Churyoekichoku' (忠諒易直) (simple mind) which had been regarded as the virtue until the end of the Edo period was merely another name of 'apathy and sense of powerlessness' in the Meiji period when national isolation was not a national policy.
- 田中の就任直後の10月4日に政友会の新政策発表の際に「帷幄上奏の廃止と軍部大臣文官制」の一項が入っていることに気付いて、激怒し、直ちに幹部会を招集してこの部分を留保させて以後党内で統帥権の独立に冒す様な政策は掲げない事を宣言したのである。
- Right after the assumption of TANAKA on October 4, when Seiyukai announced the new policy he noticed a section describing 'the abolition of Iaku-joso and a system of a minister of military by civil officers', he inflamed with it, called the officers' meeting immediately and demanded to reserve that part, then declared not to appeal a party policy that would damage the independence of supreme command inside the party.
- 太平洋戦争後の開放的気分の中で「熊沢天皇」こと熊沢寛道など、自らを正統な天皇の継承者と称する自称天皇たちが現れたとき、その多くは、1911年(明治44年)に明治天皇の裁断によって南朝が正統とされたことを受けて、後南朝の子孫と主張していた。
- In the liberal atmosphere after the end of the World War II, when figures like Hiromichi KUMAZAWA, the so-called 'Emperor Kumazawa,' appeared and each claimed that only he himself was the legitimate successor to the Emperor, most of these self-styled Emperors were reacting to the fact that in 1911 Emperor Meiji had decided that the Southern lineage was the legitimate one, and came forward claiming to be descendants of the Southern dynasty.
- またその前に大阪貯蓄銀行副頭取、明治25年に衆議院議員、明治31年、浪速銀行頭取、大阪舎密工業社長、明治32年に阪神電気鉄道社長に就任したのをはじめ数多くの関西の会社設立に尽力し、大阪銀行集会所委員長として関西財界の指導者として活躍した。
- He was dedicated to establishing many companies in Kansai region by assuming the vice-president of Osaka Chochiku Bank before that, the member of House of Representatives in 1892, the president of Naniwa Bank and the president of Osaka Seimikogyo in 1898, the president of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. in 1899 and more, and was active in leading the financial world in Kansai region as the chairman of the committee of Osaka Bank.
- パークスは薩摩藩・長州藩を支援して明治政府の成立に協力していた経緯があるだけに、政府が極秘で改税約書に違反した悪貨を鋳造していることに気づいていたが、これを放置しておくことは日本と貿易を行うイギリス商人の利益に反することであると考えていた。
- Having the background of cooperating with the formation of the Meiji Government by supporting the Satsuma and Choshu Domain, Parkes realized that the Meiji Government was breaking the kaizeiyakusho and secretly coining bad money, but thought that leaving this matter alone would go against the profit of English merchants who were trading with Japan.
- 生類憐みの令を処罰された側から見ると悪法に見えるが、例えば、当時、まだ戦国時代 (日本)の「人を殺して出世する(賃金を得る)」がごとき風習が未だ根強く、病人や牛馬などを山野に捨てる風習や、宿で旅人が病気になると追い出されるなどの悪習があった。
- Although it appears an evil law from the viewpoint of the offender, there was still a persevering custom from the Civil War Period of 'Achieving promotion (monetary gain) by killing others', as well as a tendency to leave sick people, oxen and horses in fields and on mountains and of driving sick travellers out of inns.
- 合戦の状況を語る唯一の一次史料である霜月騒動覚聞書によると、11月17日の午前中、松谷の別荘に居た泰盛は、世間が騒がしくなった事に気付き、昼の12時頃塔ノ辻にある出仕用の屋形に出かけ、貞時邸に出仕したところを頼綱の手勢の襲撃を受けて殺害された。
- According to the Shimotsuki Incident note, the only primary archive describing the incident, when Yasumori was in his second house in Matsutani in the morning of December 21, he noticed a restlessness in the world and went back to his residence in Tonotsuji around midday to prepare to attend court, but he was attacked and killed by Yoritsuna's soldiers when he arrived at Sadatoki's residence.
- いっぽう、13日に大阪城に戻っていた慶喜は、16日にはイギリス・フランス第二帝政・オランダ王国・アメリカ合衆国・イタリア王国・プロイセン王国6国の公使を引見し、王政復古後も外交権が自らにあることをアピールするなど、強気の姿勢を崩していなかった。
- Meanwhile, after returning to Osaka Castle on 13, Yoshinobu had audiences with ministers of six countries; Britain, Second French Empire, the Netherlands, the United States of America, Italy, and Prussia to appeal that he still held the diplomatic right even after the Restoration of Imperial Rule, showing no sign of softening his stance.
- しかし松本重太郎の企業者活動を通して、大阪紡績(現・東洋紡績)、南海鉄道(現・南海電気鉄道)、山陽鉄道(現・西日本旅客鉄道)、日本火災保険(現・日本火災海上保険)、大阪麦酒(現・アサヒビール)など、松本がつくった企業はいまなお活躍を続けている。
- Through entrepreneurial activity of Jutaro MATSUMOTO, however, the companies established by MATSUMOTO such as Osaka Spinning (now, Toyobo Co., Ltd.), Nankai Railway (now, Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd.), Sanyo Railway (now, West Japan Railway Company), Japan Fire Insurance (now, Japan Fire and Marine Insurance), Osaka Beer (now, Asahi Breweries, Ltd.) and others have still been successful.
- これによって、名古屋市当局は市内路線の市有化を強力に求めるべきとの考えを強め、事態収拾のため25年後までの市有化(市内全路線の譲渡)を名電に約束させ、1922年(大正11年)に名古屋電気鉄道の名古屋鉄道と名古屋市電への分割・事業譲渡として結実した。
- The authorities of Nagoya city came to realize the necessity of promoting the municipalization of railways in the city due to this incident, and to settle the situation let Nagoya Denki Tetsudo make an promise they would pass the right to all lines to the Nagoya city within the next 25 years, and Nagoya Denki Tetsudo was spilt into Nagoya Tetsudo (Nagoya Railway Co., Ltd.) and Nagoya Shiden (Nagoya City Railway) in 1922.
- この他、奈良中期の政治実権を握った恵美押勝(藤原仲麻呂)、道鏡の天皇即位を阻止した和気清麻呂、平将門を討伐した藤原秀郷、平氏政権を確立した平清盛、その平氏政権を倒して鎌倉幕府を開いた源頼朝などが、その功績により功田を給与されたと記録に残されている。
- In addition to them, it is recorded that Koden was granted for the great achievements to EMI no Oshikatsu (FUJIWARA no Nakamaro) who assumed the real political power during the middle of the Nara period, WAKE no Kiyomaro who prevented Dokyo from acceding to the throne, FUJIWARA no Hidesato who defeated TAIRA no Masakado, TAIRA no Kiyomori who established the Taira clan government, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who defeated the Taira clan government and established the Kamakura bakufu, and others.
- この時点では、まだ両統迭立が完全には定着しておらず、貴族たちもいずれか一方の皇統にのみ仕えて派閥を形成するということはなかったため、それまで大覚寺統の治天に仕えていた貴族たちはそのまま持明院統の治天に仕えることになり、大覚寺統は一気に勢力を失った。
- At this point, Ryoto tetsuritsu had not yet completely embedded itself, and the aristocracy did not yet create factions so the aristocrats who served the Daikakuji line Chiten worked for the subsequent Jimyoin line Chiten, leading to the sudden decline of the Daikakuji line.
- 鎮火後現場検証したところ、普段火の気がない事、そして寝具が何故か付近に置かれている事から、不審火の疑いがあるとして同寺の関係者を取り調べたところ、同寺子弟の見習い僧侶であり大学生の林承賢(京都府舞鶴市出身・当時21歳)がいない事が判明し行方を捜索した。
- In the investigation at the scene, when the police investigated temple staff on suspicions of arson, due to the fact that there were no sources of fire in the temple and that bedclothes were found near the scene of the fire, they found that Shoken HAYASHI, a monk of apprentice of the temple and a college student (from Maizuru City, Kyoto Prefecture, 21 years old at the time), was missing and thus searched for his whereabouts.
- なお、江戸時代後期の儒学者で江戸や大坂に住んだこともある広瀬旭荘(広瀬淡窓の弟)は、『九桂草堂随筆』という随筆の中で「京の人は細なり。大坂の人は貪なり。江戸の人は夸なり……是三都人気の異る所以なり」と述べていくつか事例を挙げながら三都の比較を試みている。
- Gyokuzo HIROSE (younger brother of Tanso HIROSE), a Confucian scholar of the latter Edo Period who had lived not only in Edo but also in Osaka, describes the people's characters of these three cities in his essay 'Kyukeisodou Zuihitsu,' as 'the people of Kyo are sensitive, the people of Osaka are avid and the people of Edo are proud,' making a comparison of the people in these three cities with each examples.
- 第3回気候変動枠組条約締約国会議(だい3かいきこうへんどうわくぐみじょうやくていやくこくかいぎ)は、1997年12月に国際連合により国立京都国際会館(京都府京都市)で開催された、温室効果ガス排出規制に関する国際的な合意形成を主な目的とした国際会議である。
- The Third Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP3, the Third Session of the Conference of the Parties) held on December in 1997 by the United Nations in the Kyoto International Conference Center (Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture), was an international conference of which the main object was to reach an international consensus on regulations concerning the emission of greenhouse gases,
- しかし日本軍も彼らを決して侮っていたわけではなく、「彼等ノ携帯兵器多クハ清国在来ノ刀・槍・剣、若クハ前装銃ニシテ、皆取ルニ足ラサルモノナリシモ、能く頑強ノ抵抗ヲ為シ、我兵ヲ苦メタル勇気ハ称スルニ余リ有リ」という声もあるように、士気はすこぶる高かったようである。
- However, the Japanese army did not look down upon them, and stated 'everyone stood with their own two feet and strongly resisted with portable weapons from the Qing dynasty such as swords, spears, and muzzle loaders, and they were brave enough to make our army have a difficult time at battles' indicating that they had strong morale.
- 当時、三菱の海運事業「郵便汽船三菱会社」(国有会社であった「日本国郵便蒸気船会社」と三菱商会が合併して設立された)が大規模な値下げ攻勢で勢力を広げ、欧米系の船会社に握られていた日本の航海自主権を取り返したが、一方で日本国内の中小の船会社も追い出されてしまった。
- At that time, Mitusbishi's marine transportation business 'Yubin Kisen Mitubishi Kaisha' (which was established with the merger of a government-owned marine transportation company 'Nipponkoku Yubin Jokisen Kaisha' and Mitsubishi Shokai) extended power by offering huge discounts and deprived western companies of Japan's navigation autonomy, but at the same time, they squeezed out other small-and-medium-sized shipping companies in Japan.
- 井上馨は度々ヨーロッパを視察して、現地では日本人が「見た目」によって半未開の人種として実は「珍獣扱い」されているという事実に気づいていた(事実、欧米での初期日本研究は文化人類学・民族学の範疇に属しており、自分たちとは違う人種として研究対象とされていたのである)。
- Kaoru INOUE actually noticed the fact that Japanese were treated as 'exotic beasts' as half undeveloped species judged from the appearances in Europe as he visited there many times (in fact, the early study of Japan in Europe and America fell into the categories of cultural anthropology and ethnology, and they were considered as the research object as the different race).
- 彼等は冬山での行動にある程度習熟しており、「足に唐辛子を擦り付けて、足温を安定させる」「足に油紙を巻いて水分の浸入を防ぐ」「肌着と衣服の間に新聞紙を仕込んで、体温の安定化、寒気の遮断をする」「食料(握り飯)に油紙を巻いて凍結を防ぐ」等の独自の耐寒装備をしていた。
- They were acquainted with winter mountains to some extent and used their original cold protection techniques such as ' rubbing red peppers on one's feet to make the temperature of the feet stable' 'wrapping water-resistant paper coated with oil around one's feet to prevent water from invading' ' tucking newspaper between underwear and clothes to make body temperature stable and shut out the cold air' 'wrapping water-resistant paper coated with oil around food (rice balls) to prevent them being frozen'.
- また、大学寮の学生が退学した場合は本貫に通告すること(学令)、徴発された労役者が帰還前に死亡した場合には本貫に通告すること(賦役令)、本主が死亡した帳内・資人は本貫に送還すること(選叙令)、病気になって倒れた防人は本貫に送還すること(軍防令)などの規定が存在した。
- Furthermore, there were stipulations such as when a student withdrew from Daigaku-ryo (Bureau of Education under the Ritsuryo system) notification must be made to hongan (Gaku-ryo [law on scholarship]); when a commandeered laborer died before his return, notification must be made to hongan (Fueki-ryo [law on tax]); chonai and shijin (lower rank officers) whose master died must be returned to hongan (Senjo-ryo [law on recruitment and promotion of government officials]); and sakimori (soldiers deployed for boarder defenses) who fell sick must be returned to hongan (Gunbo-ryo [law on military defense]).
- 9月16日_(旧暦)、勅使阿野季信は小倉邸に赴き、直ちに一宮を参内させて天皇に出家の挨拶をするようにという趣旨の勅命を伝えるが小倉実起はこれを拒絶、9月17日_(旧暦)に再度訪れた阿野は一宮を連れ出そうとするも、事の異常さに気付いた一宮に感づかれて失敗に終わった。
- On October 27, imperial messenger Toshinobu ANO visited Ogura's residence, and conveyed the imperial command to the effect that Ichinomiya should immediately visit the Imperial Palace and report his entrance into priesthood to the Emperor, only to be met by an outright refusal by Saneoki OGURA; on his revisit on October 28, Ano tried to take Ichinomiya with him, but his attempt failed as the prince sensed the abnormality of the situation.
- 慈円の『愚管抄』(巻六)によると、頼朝が初めて京に上洛した建久元年(1190年)、後白河天皇との対面で語った話として、広常は「なぜ朝廷のことにばかり見苦しく気を遣うのか、我々がこうして東国で活動しているのを、一体誰が命令などできるものですか」と言うのが常であった。
- According to 'Gukansho' (Jottings of a Fool) (volume 6), when Yoritomo came to the capital for the first time in 1190, Hirotsune continuingly mentioned to Emperor Goshirakawa that he did not understand why the Emperor's concern was only for the welfare of the Imperial Court but did not know who could control forces active in Togoku.
- 賀茂祭(葵祭、4月 (旧暦)の中の酉の日)の御禊(斎院が加茂川の川原で体を禊する)の日、身分を隠して見物していた源氏の愛人・六条御息所の一行は、同じくその当時懐妊して体調が悪く気晴らしに見物に来ていた源氏の正妻・葵の上の一行と、見物の場所をめぐっての車争いを起こす。
- On the day of the purification ceremony (when the Saiin (an Imperial Princess appointed to serve the deities of the Kamo-jinja Shrines) performs her ablutions on the beach of the Kamo river) of the Kamo festival (also called the Aoi (Hollyhock) Festival, which is held on the day of the Rooster in the Fourth Month (old lunar calendar)), there occurs a dispute over where to park the spectators' carriages between the retainers of Rokujo no Miyasudokoro, one of Genji's lovers who had been watching without disclosing her identity, and the retainers of Lady Aoi, Genji's lawful wife who was pregnant at that time and had been in poor physical condition and so was there to watch the event for some diversion.
- 2004年(平成16年)9月から東京文化財研究所が、蛍光X線分析法や高精細デジタル画像解析などの最新技術で化学的分析を行っており、顔料には純度の高い品質のよい物(おそらくは輸入品)が使用されている事や、人物や炎については下書きがなく一気に描かれたことなどが判明した。
- The National Research Institute for Cultural Properties has been using the most modern techniques such as X-ray florescent analysis and high resolution digital image analysis to conduct scientific analyses of the scroll since September 2004 and has found that a very pure and high quality paint (most possibly imported from abroad) was used and that there are no outline sketches for the people and flames which means that they were drawn in one go.
- 松本隆海は、『足尾鉱毒惨状画報』(1901年)で、安蘇郡界村字高山(現佐野市高山町、当時の人口約800人)で、5年間で兵役合格者がわずか2名しか出ておらず(適齢者は延べ50名)、しかも、その合格者のうち1名も入隊後10日で病気で除隊となったという逸話を紹介している。
- In 'Ashio Kodoku Sanjo Gaho' (Reports and Pictures of Ashio Mining Pollution) (1901), Ryukai MATSUMOTO revealed the horrifying fact that in five years there had been only two men who had passed the medical for the draft (there were fifty people who met the age for the draft) in Takayama of Sakai Village, Aso County (present Takayama-cho, Sano City, population of approximately 800 at that time), and out of those two that passed, one was subsequently discharged on medical grounds after only ten days.
- だが、本来東京都は花粉症増加の原因をディーゼル自動車の排気ガスに求め、排ガス汚染との関連はみられないという疫学調査の結果が出たにもかかわらず、その規制を強行した自治体であることは記しておかねばならない(ただし、規制そのものは花粉症のみのために行なったものではない)。
- However, it must be said that Tokyo is an autonomous body that enforced diesel regulation based on the concept that exhaust fumes from diesel vehicles was the cause for increases in pollinosis despite epidemiological investigation findings that there is no relationship between exhaust gas pollution and pollinosis (although these regulations did not pertain only to pollinosis).
- 『日本後紀』にある広世の父・和気清麻呂の薨条(延暦18年2月乙未(21日)条)に、広世が式部少輔と大学別当(大学頭)を兼務し、父・清麻呂の遺志を継いで大学寮の南側にあった私邸を弘文院として内外の経書数千巻を集め、また墾田40町を寄付して学問料を支給したと記されている。
- The entry for the date when Hiroyo's father WAKE no Kiyomaro died (April 4, 799) in 'Nihon Koki' (Later Chronicle of Japan) contains the description that -- Hiroyo concurrently assumed the offices of Shikibu shoyu (Junior Assistant of the Ministry of Ceremonies) and Daigaku Betto (Chancellor of the University) (Daigaku no kami; Director of the Bureau of Education), and, as his father Kiyomaro had wished, located his private residence south of the daigaku-ryo the Kobunin where he collected thousands of Chinese classics from inside and outside Japan, and donated 0.4 square kilometers of new rice fields for awarding scholarship funds.
- 信長軍はすぐさま、配下の九鬼水軍など三百余艘で木津川 (大阪府)河口を封じたが、毛利水軍は数の利を生かして火矢や焙烙玉(中に火がくすぶっており、目標に当たると中身が出て一気に燃え広がる武器)で信長軍の船を焼き払い、大勝して本願寺に兵糧・弾薬を届けた(第一次木津川口海戦)。
- In response, the Kuki navy, a Nobunaga army's vassal, blocked the estuary of Kizu-gawa River (Osaka Prefecture) with around 300 ships but the Mori navy, outnumbering the enemy, burnt out ships of the Oda army using flaming arrows and horokudama bombs (A fire smolders inside this weapon and, when it hits a target, fire comes out and suddenly spreads.) and sent Hongan-ji Temple the supply after the complete victory (the first Naval Battle of Kizu-gawa River Estuary).
- ここに至って近衛基熙や江戸幕府は、霊元天皇による四宮擁立の真意が皇子可愛さだけではなく、院政を開始して摂家や幕府の干渉を排して思いのままの政治を行うための長期計画の一環であり、すぐに成人を迎えてしまう年長の一宮に皇位を譲る事が不都合であったからであった事に気付くのである。
- This development made Motohiro KONOE and the Bakufu in Edo realize that the true motive underlying Emperor Reigen's insistence on succession by Shinomiya had not only been love of his own son but part of his long-cherished scheme to assume the virtual reins of the court as retired emperor and exercising ruling authority without allowing interference by the Sekkanke or the Bakufu, to whom handing over the imperial throne to the older Ichinomiya, who would soon become of age, would have been a disadvantage.
- 酒呑童子と意気投合した茨木童子は舎弟となり共に周囲の村々を襲っていたが、そのうわさを聞いた母が、彼の幼い頃の産着を着けて茨木童子の前に立つと、茨木童子は急に子供の頃の想い出が甦ったか、「二度とこの地を踏まぬ」と約束して、酒呑童子とともに信州戸隠山などを経て京へと向かった。
- Ibaraki Doji, who had found such a kindred spirit in Shuten Doji, also became his henchman, and together they began raiding the villages nearby; Ibaraki's mother, after hearing rumors of his misdeeds, draped herself in his baby clothes and appeared before him, which suddenly caused him to be flooded with memories of his childhood, so he vowed that 'never shall I set foot in this region again,' and together with Shuten Doji, began to make his way towards the capital (Kyoto), passing through Mt. Togakushi in Shinano (Nagano).
- 当時、南海電気鉄道は難波駅 - 和歌山市駅間、東武鉄道は北千住駅 - 久喜駅間の営業を行っていたが、和歌山方面には買収対象である関西鉄道の路線、関東北部へは同じく日本鉄道の路線があったため、国有化の対象に一時は含まれたことがあったものの、最終的には予算問題もあって外された。
- Nankai Railway operated between Namba Station and Wakayama City Station, and Tobu Railway operated between Kitasenju Station and Kuki Station, and both were considered for the buyout at one time, but as there were Kansai Railway in Wakayama district and the lines operated by Nippon Railway in Northern Kanto district which were both the buyout candidates, they were excluded from the buyout due to budgetary constraints.
- 第二に、長崎貿易は大幅な輸入超過であることを鑑み(つまり、金銀が海外に流出することを意味した。金銀の海外流出は貨幣の裏づけが金銀である以上、国内の貨幣流通量を減少させることとなり、景気を冷え込ませることを意味した)、1715年海舶互市新例(長崎新令)を発布し、長崎貿易を制限した。
- The second action taken in considering Japan's import surplus through the trade in Nagasaki, was restricting the international trade through Nagasaki by issuing a new law in 1715 to limit the amount of international trade called 'Kaihakugoshi shinrei' or 'Nagasaki shinrei' (which meant that gold and silver were drained out of Japan; and the outflow of gold and silver meant the decrease of the domestic circulation of money and eventually indicated the risk of cooling economy because the currency was backed by the amount of gold and silver at that time).
- 浦賀沖に投錨した艦隊は旗艦「サスケハナ」(蒸気外輪フリゲート)、「ミシシッピー」(USS Mississippi (1841) 同)、「サラトガ」(USS Saratoga (1842) 帆船)、「プリマス」(USS Plymouth (1844) 同)の巡洋艦四隻からなっていた。
- The squadron that anchored off the coast of Uraga consisted of the flagship Susquehanna and the USS Mississippi [1841] (both side-wheel steamers), as well as the USS Saratoga [1842] and the USS Plymouth [1844] (both sailing ships).
- のちに議員はその文言に気づき、無所属68名の代表として臼井哲夫、帝国党18名の代表として佐々友房、中正党33名の代表として桑原政、交友倶楽部25名の代表として内山敬三郎が、議院事務室につめかけ、書記官長の措置は注意を欠く旨をのべ、議長に奉答文の再議を迫ったが、いずれも応じなかった。
- Later, the members realized the wording, and Tetsuo USUI as a representative of 68 independents, Tomofusa SASA as a representative of 18 Imperial Party members, Tadasu KUWABARA as a representative of 33 Chusei-to Party members, Keizaburo UCHIYAMA as a representative of 25 Koyu Club members packed into the office of the House of representatives, and they claimed that the secretary's action was careless, and pressed the chairman for conferring it again, but both didn't respond.
- 国民皆兵を理念とはしたが、体格が基準に達しない者や病気の者などは除かれ、また制度の当初、「一家の主人たる者」や「家のあとを継ぐ者」、「嗣子並に承祖の孫」(承継者)、「代人料(270円)を支払った者」、「官省府県の役人、兵学寮生徒、官立学校生徒」、「養家に住む養子」は徴兵免除とされた。
- Though the idea was universal conscription, those who did not meet the physical standard or were ill were exempted, and the other exemptions included 'masters of the family,' 'heirs,' 'grandsons to succeed directly from their grandfather' (collectively successors,) 'those who had paid proxy fee (270 yen),' 'officials of central and local governments, students of military schools and public schools,' and 'adopted children living in their foster parents.'
- しかし、山上憶良の「貧窮問答歌」などにも見られるように、親が子を思い、そのために何かをしてやりたいという気持ちは時代が違っていても変わることはなかったようで、資料の残っている以前から、親や大人たちが子どもや若者が1人前になっていく上で、何かの手助けや指導をしていたことは想像に難くない。
- However, as seen in 'Hinkyu mondo ka (Dialogue on poverty)', made by YAMANOUE no Okura, it seems that at any period the parents cherished their children and wanted to do something for them; it is easy to imagine that even long ago, before any document was made, parents or grown-ups have given help or guidance when their children or younger people were growing up.
- また実験により、黄砂の粒子が触媒となって、二酸化硫黄ガスが黄砂粒子の表面に吸着されて反応し硫酸イオンになることや、中国主要都市の大気に多く含まれる硫酸アンモニウムが、湿度が高いときに黄砂に吸着され、黄砂中のカルシウムがアンモニアと置換反応して硫酸カルシウム(石膏)になることも分かった。
- Based on experiments, it was also found that sulfur dioxide gas adheres to the surfaces of kosa particles, with kosa particles working as a catalyst, and that the ammonium sulfate, much included in the air of major cities in China, adheres to kosa in high-humidity conditions and becomes calcium sulphate (gypsum) through the process in which calcium in kosa reacts with ammonia.
- 要するに、平家を見限った甲斐源氏の加々美長清が、老母の病を口実に東国へ帰ろうと考え、それを平知盛(平清盛の四男)に申し出たところ許しては貰えなかったが、高橋判官平盛綱はその真意に気づきながらも、「家人のように抑留すべきでない」と平知盛に口添えをしてくれて、やっと知盛の許しを得たという話し。
- Nagakiyo KAGAMI of Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan) saw a limit to the power of Taira clan and decided to return to Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) by asking TAIRA no Tomomori (the fourth son of TAIRA no Kiyomori) using an excuse of the illness of his elderly mother, but his request was not granted, but TAIRA no Moritsuna, who was the Takahashi no hangan (inspector - third highest of the four administrative ranks of the ritsuryo period) advised TAIRA no Tomomori 'not to force him to stay like Kenin' despite knowing his true intention and he finally gained permission from Tomomori.
- その後も田近陽一郎が『高千穂古文字伝』(1876年)を著すなど一部の研究者はにわかに活気づいたが、教部省主導ということからも伺えるように軍人や政治家の国粋主義宣伝の材料にされてしまい、また原本が学会ではまったく認知されていない神代文字で書かれていたことから、一般の学会ではほとんど無視された。
- After that, Yoichiro TAJIKA wrote 'Takachiho Komoji Den (Takachiho ancient characters history)' in 1876 and some researchers were suddenly fueled, but this was used by military men and statesmen as advertisement of nationalism, as you can see from the introduche, and also because the original book was written in ancient Japanese characters not recognized by the academic society, it was mostly ignored in general academic societies.
- また1191年(建久2年)6月9日条には、一条能保の娘の左大将九条良経との婚姻に際しその衣装が遅れ、その沙汰をした御台所北条政子か頼朝が「御気色不快」になったときに善信(三善康信)が「秀句」を語って怒っていた政子か頼朝は「御入興」でお咎めを回避したなど、総じてエピソードのたぐいによく登場する。
- Zenshin (Yasunobu MIYOSHI) often appears in the episodes as a whole, for example, in the entry dated June 9, 1191, at the marriage between Yoshiyasu ICHIJO and Yoshitsune KUJO, Sadaisho (Minister of the Left), the wedding clothes were late to arrive, and Masako HOJO, Midaidokoro (Shogun's wife) or Yoritomo, who arranged them, was in a 'bad temper,' but Zenshin's 'excellent turn of phrase' made Masako or Yoritomo 'amused' and saved the people from the trouble.
- 後年、九鬼家は伊勢の大湊 (伊勢市)において、鉄甲船とほぼ同水準とみられる安宅船を建造し「鬼宿(おにやど)」と名付けたが、この船の威容をいたく気に入った豊臣秀吉は、文禄・慶長の役の際の旗船としてこれを採用し、旗船の証である茜の吹流しと金団扇の馬印を授け、船名も「日本丸(にっぽんまる)」と改称させた。
- In later years the Kuki family in Ominato (Ise City) in Ise built an Atake-bune virtually equivalent to a tekkosen and named ''Oniyado', and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, who liked the magnificence of the ship, adopted it as a flag ship in the Bunroku-keicho War, put a madder streamer and an Uma-jirushi (commander's flag) of a golden fan on it as a token of a flag ship, and renamed it 'Nippon Maru'.
- また「もしその事業が本当に日本の為になるもので、しかも住友のみの資本では到底成し遂げられない大事業であれば、住友はちっぽけな自尊心に囚われないで何時でも進んで住友自体を放下し、日本中の大資本家と合同し、敢然之を造上げようという雄渾なる大気魄を絶えず確りと蓄えて居ねばならない」という言葉も残している。
- He also had a firm belief that Sumitomo should always keep a spirit of serving the nation before everything else, and Sumitomo should be willing to join hands with other major capitalists all over Japan if necessary, without being caught up in their small pride, in order to accomplish great businesses that should need more than Sumitomo's capital to be completed but would definitely contribute to Japan.
- 近年では吉村茂樹が、当時の災害異変が突出していないこと、後三条の病気(糖尿病と推定されている)が重篤化したのが退位後であることを理由として、摂関家を外戚に持たない実仁親王に皇位を継承させることによる王権の拡大を意図し、摂関政治への回帰を阻止したものであって院政の意図はなかったと主張し、通説化している。
- In recent years, Shigeki YOSHIMURA has been asserted on the grounds that there was no sharp rise in disasters/accidents at that time, and Gosanjo's illness (assumed to be diabetes) became significantly worse only after his abdication, and that this was intended for the expansion of sovereignty by having Imperial Prince Sanehito, who did not have Sekkan-ke as cognates, succeed to the throne, thereby preventing the return to Sekkan seiji; however, there was no intention to start insei, and consequently such a view has become accepted.
- だが、伊藤の盟友である井上馨外務大臣 (日本)が進めた条約改正案にあった「外国人裁判官」制度と鹿鳴館に代表される欧化政策が内外の反感を買い、自由民権運動による三大事件建白書や大同団結運動、保守中正派(天皇親政派)と見られた谷干城農商務大臣の辞任を招くなど、政府批判が一気に高まった(「明治20年の危機」)。
- However, the policy of Europeanization represented by Rokumeikan and 'a foreigner judge' system, which was included in the amendment of the treaty promoted by Ito's sworn ally Kaoru INOUE, Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan), antagonized inside and outside Japan, and criticism of the government was mounted rapidly due to the petition of three major affairs by democratic-rights movement, the movement to unite for a common purpose and the resignation of Tateki TANI, Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, who was thought to be a member of conservative political party (direct rule by the emperor party) ([The crisis of the 20th year of the Meiji era]).
- 大宰府の少弐資能(武藤資能)は蒙古国書(日本側では牒状と記録)と高麗王書状を受け取り、鎌倉幕府へ送達する(しかし、日本側からの返牒の気配がなかったためか、太宰府来着から七ヶ月後に潘阜は高麗へ帰還しており、高麗は同年10月には潘阜の遣使が不首尾に終わった旨を元朝宮廷側に潘阜ら自らが赴くなどして報告している)。
- Sukeyoshi SHONI (Sukeyoshi MUTO) of Dazai-fu received the letter from the Mongol Empire (letter and records according to Japanese materials) and the one from the king of Goryeo, and sent them to Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) (however, Hanpu returned to Goryeo seven months after his arrival at Dazai-fu, possibly because Japan showed no intention to reply, and in October of the same year, Goryeo reported to the Yuan imperial court, by envoy Hanpu himself visiting there, that he had gained no fruit).
- 1月14日(同年2月11日)に輸送艦「サザンプトン」(帆船)が現れ、1月16日(同年2月13日)までに旗艦「サスケハナ」、「ミシシッピー」、「ポーハタン」(USS Powhatan (1850) 以上、蒸気外輪フリゲート)、「マセドニアン」、「ヴァンダリア」、「レキシントン」(以上、帆船)の巡洋艦六隻が到着した。
- On January 14 (February 11 of the same year), the transport ship Southampton (a sailing ship) arrived, as did six more cruisers by January 16 (February 13 of the same year), including 3 side-wheel steamers (the flagship Susquehanna, the Mississippi, and the USS Powhatan [1850]) and 3 sailing ships (the Macedonian, the Vandalia, and the Lexington).
- その一方で、近年では宇多天皇が醍醐天皇に譲位して法皇となった後に天皇の病気に伴って実質上の院政を行っていた事が明らかになった事や、円融天皇が退位後に息子の一条天皇が皇位を継ぐと政務を見ようとしたために外祖父である摂政藤原兼家と対立していたという説もあり、院政の嚆矢を後三条天皇よりも以前に見る説が有力となっている。
- On the other hand, the view that insei started before the reign of Emperor Gosanjo has become more prevalent in recent years, since it is increasingly apparent that Emperor Uda conducted virtual insei after he abdicated to Emperor Daigo to become Hoo (法皇) as the result of the new Emperor's illness, and based on the view that Emperor Enyu was opposed to Kaneie FUJIWARA, a regent and his maternal grandfather, since Enyu tried to participate in political affairs after his abdication and succession of the throne by his son, Emperor Ichijo.
- ところが大日本帝国憲法に先行して天皇から与えられた「勅諭」であることから、陸軍(および海軍の一部)は軍人勅諭を政府や議会に対する自らの独立性を担保するものと位置づけていた(陸軍の一部には「政論に惑わず政治に拘わらず」について「政府や政治家が何を言おうと気にする必要はない、ということだ」という解釈すらあったという)。
- On the side of the Army (and a part of the Navy), however, since the imperial rescript was given by Emperor ahead of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, there was an idea that the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors secures their independence from the government and the parliament (Some members of the Army even interpreted 'Military men are neither perplexed at political opinions nor involved in politics.' as 'Military men need not care about what the government and statesmen say').
- 金方慶「兵法に『千里の県軍、その鋒当たるべからず』とあり、本国よりも遠く離れ敵地に入った軍は、却って志気が上がり戦闘能力が高まるものである。我が軍は少なしといえども既に敵地に入っている。我が軍は自ずから戦うことになるがこれは秦穆公の孟明の『焚船』や漢の韓信の『背水の陣』の故事に沿うものである。再度戦わせて頂きたい。」
- Bang-gyeong KIM said, 'an art of war teaches us not to fight with an army that has come from far away. It means that entering into the enemy's territory, far away from home, rather raises the morale and fighting strength of the army. Our army is small, but already in the enemy's territory. Although we ourselves are to fight, it is in accordance with historical lessons such as 'burning his own ships to fight' of Ming MENG, who served Duke Mu of Qin, and 'fighting with his back against the river' of Xin HAN, who served the Han Dynasty. Please let us fight again.'
- 新撰組組員の墓参りをする女性ファンも多く、坂本龍馬ら勤皇の志士と共に“日本史のアイドル的存在”となっているが、明治政府がかれらと敵対する勤皇派志士たちによって設立された経緯もあり、近年まで史学的にもほとんど注目されることがなく、現在における人気は子母沢寛や司馬遼太郎らによる新選組をテーマにした数々の小説やTVドラマ・映画等の影響が大きい。
- Many female fans also visit the tombs of Shinsen-gumi members, who, together with Imperial loyalists such as Ryoma SAKAMOTO, are 'idols of Japanese history'; but as the Meiji Government was established by Imperial loyalists who were opposed to them, hardly any notice was taken of Shinsen-gumi from a historical standpoint until recently, and their current popularity owes much to many novels about them written by such people as Kan SHIMOZAWA, Ryotaro SHIBA, and also TV dramas, movies, etc.
- この騒動のため晶子は「嫌戦の歌人」という印象が強いが、明治43年(1910年)に発生した第六潜水艇の沈没事故の際には、「海底の 水の明りにしたためし 永き別れの ますら男の文」等約十篇の歌を詠み、第一次世界大戦の折は『戦争』という詩のなかで、「いまは戦ふ時である 戦嫌ひのわたしさへ 今日此頃は気が昂る」と極めて励戦的な戦争賛美の歌を作っている。
- Although this dispute left her image as an anti-war poet, when Submarine No.6 sunk in 1910, she wrote about ten poems including 'At the bottom of the sea; writing under the light of water; for farewell; the letters from Japanese men;' and during World War I, she wrote a poem entitled 'War' that encourages and praises the war: 'This is the time to fight; even I, who usually detests war; feel excited these days.'
- 黄砂の粒子が森林や海洋の上にあるときは太陽放射を遮蔽する日傘効果(冷却)、黄砂の粒子が雪や氷河の上にあるときは太陽光線を吸収して大気を暖める効果(加熱)、黄砂の粒子が雲核となって地球上の雲の分布を左右する効果(冷却・加熱)、黄砂に含まれる成分が植物やプランクトンに作用することで炭素循環に作用する効果などがあり、結果的にどう作用するかは現在はっきりと分かっていない。
- Today, the following are known as effects caused by kosa, but it is not known clearly how kosa works completely: When being placed over forests or sea, kosa grains provide the so-called umbrella effect to prevent the penetration of the sunlight (cooling effect); When being placed on snow areas or glaciers, they provide the effect of warming the air through absorbing sunlight (heating); Being able to become nuclei of generating clouds, they provide the effect of controlling the distribution of clouds above the earth; Because substances included in kosa affect the growth of plants and planktons, kosa also provides the effect of affecting the carbon cycle.
- 徳川吉宗は享保八年(1723年)九月から享保九年(1724年)四月の間の9263人の急激な人口減少、享保十年(1725年)四月から六月の間の1万0394人の急激な人口増加に気付き、季節的な人口変動の理由を調べさせた結果、冬の火災の多さから特に子女は近隣実家等へ疎開する、春以降火災からの復興再建や土蔵の建築が増えて労働転入者も増える、などといった実態が判明している。
- In gathering demographic information, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA noticed a sharp population decline of 9,263 persons between September 1723 to April 1724 and a population surge of 10,394 persons between April and June 1725; After ordering an investigation into the seasonal fluctuations in population, it was discovered that frequent fires in winter prompted women and children to take shelter in neighboring towns and parental residences, and reconstruction work and the construction of dozo (earthen storehouse) from spring brought in an influx of workers.
- このとき、後三条天皇は院政を開始する意図を持っていたとする見解が慈円により主張されて(『愚管抄』)以来、北畠親房(『神皇正統記』)、新井白石(『読史余論』)、黒板勝美、三浦周行などにより主張されていたが、和田英松が、災害異変、後三条の病気、実仁親王 (平安時代)の立東宮の3点が譲位の理由であり院政開始は企図されていなかったと主張し、平泉澄が病気のみに限定するなど異論が出された。
- Because Jien asserted that Emperor Gosanjo at that time was intent upon initiating insei ('Gukansho'), Chikafusa KITABATAKE ('Jinno-Shoto-ki'), Hakuseki ARAI ('Tokushiyoron'), Katsumi KUROITA, Hiroyuki MIURA, etc., also supported such an assumption; however, there were different views, such as that of Hidematsu WADA, who asserted that the initiation of insei was not intended due to three reasons--disasters/accidents, Gosanjo's illness and Imperial Prince Sanehito's assumption of the position as the Crown Prince--which reasons were limited only to illness by Kiyoshi HIRAIZUMI.
- この事件については歴史書『続日本紀』に詳細が書かれ、道鏡の政治的陰謀を阻止した和気清麻呂が「忠臣の鑑」として戦前の歴史教育においてしばしば取り上げられてきたが、既に江戸時代に本居宣長によって一連の神話的な事件の流れに懐疑的な説が唱えられ、近年には『続日本紀』の記事には光仁天皇の即位を正当化するための作為が含まれている(神託には皇位継承については触れられていない)とする説も存在する。
- The details of this incident are described in the history book 'Shoku Nihongi'; WAKE no Kiyomaro, who prevented a political conspiracy of Dokyo, was often taken up in history education in Japan before the Word War Ⅱas 'a model of royal subject'; however, during the Edo period Norinaga MOTOORI had already expressed his doubts on the credibility of the series of mythical incidents, and in recent years there exist views which advocate that the articles in 'Shoku Nihongi' include artifacts to justify the enthronement of Emperor Konin (the oracle does not touch on the succession to the Imperial Throne).
- これについては南紀派による画策であると言われているが、家定自身も廃人もしくはそれに近い重態ではあったものの、完全に意思能力が失われていたわけではないため、本人の意向で自分の対抗馬である慶喜を嫌って個人的に気にかけていた慶福を指名したとする見方もある(家定の側小姓で後に勘定奉行などを歴任した朝比奈閑水の回想によれば、家定は「自分より慶喜の方が美形」という理由で慶喜に反感を抱いていたと記している)。
- This is said to be a plan made by the Nanki group, but some stated that Iesada, although being almost disabled or in a critical condition, did not lose his mental capacity completely and appointed Yoshitomi whom he liked personally because he disliked his rival Yoshinobu (according to the reflection of Kansui ASAHINA who was Iesada's attendant page and later served as kanjo bugyo [commissioner of finance], Iesada hated Yoshinobu because 'Yoshinobu was more handsome than him').
- その説によれば、最初の神託は皇位継承以外の出来事に纏わる(恐らくはこの年に行われた由義宮(道鏡の故郷である河内国弓削)遷都に関する)ものであって、これに乗じた藤原氏(恐らくは藤原永手とその弟の藤原楓麻呂か)が和気清麻呂を利用して白壁王あるいはその子である他戸親王(称徳天皇の父・聖武天皇の外孫の中で唯一皇位継承権を持つ)の立太子するようにという神託を仕立て上げようとしたことが発覚したために清麻呂が流刑にされたとする可能性も指摘されている。
- According to this view, the first oracle was about an event not related to the succession to the Imperial Throne (perhaps it was related to the capital relocation to Yugenomiya Detached Palace [Yuge, in Kawachi Province, hometown of Dokyo] done in the same year), and WAKE no Kiyomaro was exiled because the plan by the Fujiwara clan (probably FUJIWARA no Nagate and his younger brother FUJIWARA no Kaedemaro) to make up an oracle using Kiyomaro was uncovered; according to this plan, the oracle says Prince Shirakabe or his son Imperial Prince Osabe should become Crown Prince (among the grandchildren of Emperor Shomu, Emperor Shotoku's father, born to his daughters married into another family, Imperial Prince Osabe was the only grandchild who had the right to ascend the Imperial Throne).
- 最終的に徳川家康による領国貨幣とも言うべき慶長小判慶長丁銀が全国統一により公鋳貨幣としての地位を築くことになるが、多額に上る慶長金銀の海外流出などにより地方まで充分に行き渡らなかったため通貨の全国統一を達成するには至らず、依然、各地銀山から発行される極印銀などの領国貨幣が並行して通用し、国内で不足気味の慶長金銀を補佐する役割を果たしていたため幕府も流通を黙認し、また諸国大名が、参勤交代のとき中央貨幣である慶長金銀と交換するための手段としても用いられた。
- Keicho koban (oval gold coin) and keicho chogin (oval silver coin), which can be considered as ryogoku kahei issued by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, eventually established their position as an official currency cast by the government for the unification of the whole country, but were not made sufficiently available in the chiho (regions) because a large amount of Keicho gold and silver flowed out to foreign countries, failing in the nation-wide currency unification, and therefore, ryogoku kahei such as chiho hallmark silver issued by silver mines at various places, were still used in parallel, serving to fill the shortage of Keicho gold and silver, silently allowed to circulate, and used by daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) of various provinces also as a means to exchange with Keicho gold coins, the central currency at the time of Sankin-kotai (daimyo's alternate-year residence in Edo).
- 会場となった3大学は京都大学・同志社大学・立命館大学(当時の校地は鴨川 (淀川水系)西岸の広小路通 (京都市)に所在していた)各大学であったが、このうち京都大学では会場に予定されていた法経一番教室の使用を大学当局(服部峻治郎学長)が認めようとせず、警官隊導入により抗議する学生を排除するなどしていたため当局と学生自治会である同学会(1951年の京大天皇事件の結果解散をよぎなくされ、この年の初夏、学生による全学投票を経て再建されたばかりであった)との間には険悪な雰囲気が漂っていた。
- The chosen universities as places for the meetings were Kyoto University, Doshisha University and Ritsumeikan University (the then campus was located at Hirokoji-dori Street, the west shore of the Kamo-gawa River of Yodogawa River system in Kyoto City), however, Kyoto University authorities (President Shunjiro HATTORI) didn't permit the use of classroom number one of the faculty of law and economics, and called the police to remove protesting students, as a result, an explosive atmosphere remained between the authorities and the students, especially the students' association 'Dogakukai' of Kyoto University (although the Dogakukai had been forced to dissolve after the Kyodai Tenno Incident of 1951, in the early summer of 1953 it had just been reorganized by a vote in which all the students had been involved).
- 朝鮮併合がなった際、初代総督寺内正毅は『小早川、加藤、小西が世にあれば、今宵の月をいかにみるらむ(秀吉公の朝鮮征伐に参加された小早川・加藤・小西の諸将が今生きていれば、朝鮮を日本のものとしたこの夜の月をどのような気持ちでみられるだろうか)』と歌を詠み、外務部長だった小松緑はこれに返歌して、『太閤を地下より起こし見せばやな高麗(こま)やま高くのぼる日の丸(太閤殿下を蘇らせ見せ申し上げたいものだ、朝鮮の山々に高く翻る日の丸を)』と歌い、共に太閤の成し得なかった朝鮮の編入が成功したことを喜んだ。
- When annexation of Korea was completed, Masatake TERAUCHI who was the first Governor-General of Korea, composed a waka, 'If Kobayakawa, Kato, and Konishi were alive, how would they look the moon of tonight' (If Kobayakawa, Kato, and Konishi, who were commanders took part in the war by Hideyoshi to conquer Korea were still alive, how would they look at the moon of tonight after obtaining Korea for Japan) and Midori KOMATSU who was the secretary of foreign affairs, composed in reply to it 'I would like to awake Taiko (Hideyoshi) from the underground and make him look at Hinomaru (national flag of Japan) above the mountains of Korea' (I would like to revive Taiko and show him Hinomaru flaunting above mountains of Korea) and they were delighted at success to annex of Korea which Hideyoshi could not achieve.