正式: 1000 Terms and Phrases

• 正式
• due form
• official
• formality
• Masanori

• 正式の
• formal
• plenary
• proper

• 正式に
• duly
• formally

• 正式名
• formal name
• General Council of Trade Unions
• The official name:
• A formal name
• Formal Name:

• 正式会議
• diet

• 正式調印
• formal signing (e.g. treaty)

• 正式発表
• official announcement

• 正式国名
• official name of a country

• 正式裁判
• formal trial

• 正式名称
• formal name
• legal name

• 正式には
• Commons
• Lords
• Security Force

• 正式稼働
• full operation

• 正式参拝
• Formal sanpai

• 正式な后妃
• Officially Recognized Empresses

• 正式でない
• informal
• not formal

• 正式な表現
• a formal expression

• 正式に着る
• clothe formally

• 正式代表者
• authorized representative

• 正式な義務
• formal duties

• 中正式歩槍
• Chiang Kai-shek rifle

• アレン補正式
• Allen's correction formula

• 正式の舞踏会
• cotillion

• 正式メンバー
• official member

• 正式な通知状
• announcement

• 正式の試験法
• ortho-test

• 正式な様子の
• in a formal manner

• 適度に正式な
• moderately formal

• 正式なボール
• a formal ball

• 正式な送信所名
• Official names of the transmitting facilities

• アレンの補正式
• Allen formula

• 正式に記録する
• register

• 正式請負契約書
• form of contract

• 正式に宣言する
• declare formally

• 正式に譲り渡す
• hand over formally

• 正式に叱責する
• rebuke formally

• 正式に開かれる
• open formally

• 正式に面会する
• meet formally

• 正式に承認する
• approve officially

• 正式に提案する
• propose formally

• 正式な公式声明
• a formal public statement

• 正式に取り消す
• revoke formally

• 正式に起訴する
• bring a formal charge

• 正式に結びつく
• unite formally

• 正式の財産引渡し
• tradition

• 「正式な起訴状」
• 'True bill,'

• 人々の正式な組織
• a formal organization of people or groups of people

• 賞賛の正式な表現
• a formal expression of praise

• 犯罪の正式な告発
• formal accusation of a crime

• 大きな正式の集会
• a large formal assembly

• 正式に、立証する
• prove formally

• 正式で明白な承認
• formal and explicit approval

• 正式の敬意を表す
• pay one's formal respects

• 正式に公表される
• formally made public

• 出発の正式な許可
• formal permission to depart

• 正式な告発をする
• make a formal accusation

• 正式に苦情を訴える
• file a complaint

• 通知する（正式に）
• notify

• 要求する（正式に）
• move

• 承認する正式な行為
• the formal act of approving

• 正式な意図的な質問
• formal systematic questioning

• 会議での正式な表現
• a formal expression by a meeting

• 正式な規則への承諾
• compliance with formal rules

• 正式には藤原清忠。
• His formal name was FUJIWARA no Kiyotada.

• 正式名称不明（樺太）
• The formal name unknown (Sakhalin)

• 正式には浄阿弥陀仏。
• His formal name was 浄阿弥陀仏.

• 正式は四人舞である。
• The formal form of the dance is performed by four dancers.

• 要求を正式に放棄する
• renounce

• 正式に文書に署名する
• sign on the dotted line

• 正式名は「富貴席」。
• A formal name was 'Fukiseki Seats'.

• 正式に雄弁に賞賛する
• praise formally and eloquently

• 犯罪で正式に告訴する
• accuse formally of a crime

• 特に正式に、授与する
• bestow, especially officially

• 正式に賞賛を表すさま
• formally expressing praise

• 正式または公式の調査
• a formal or official examination

• 正式には「大藤祭り」。
• It is officially called, 'Ofuji Matsuri.'

• 正式名：道行旅路の花聟
• Official title : Michiyuki tabiji no hanamuko (a groom on the run)

• 正式で厳粛な異議の宣言
• a formal and solemn declaration of objection

• 正式に彼が担当している
• officially, he is in charge

• 正式な検討課題への添付
• attachment to a formal agenda

• 結婚を正式に終結させる
• formally terminate a marriage

• 放棄に関する正式な文書
• a formal written statement of relinquishment

• 正式な辞任と権力の放棄
• a formal resignation and renunciation of powers

• 正式に、書面で要請する
• request formally and in writing

• 正式の判決を与えること
• giving authoritative judgment

• 正式の動議を提出する人
• someone who makes a formal motion

• のちに正式に移籍する。
• Later, he officially transferred.

• 正式には願成寺阿弥陀堂。
• This is officially described as the Ganjo-ji Temple Amida-do Hall.

• 正式名称は天台法華円宗。
• Its official name is the Tendai Hokke En Sect.

• どの程度正式なのですか。
• How formal is this ceremony?

• 非常に抑制されて、正式な
• highly restrained and formal

• 宣言することの正式な行為
• the formal act of proclaiming

• 法廷で正式な異義を唱える
• raise a formal objection in a court of law

• 正式の許可を得て出発する
• depart after obtaining formal permission

• 正式なコマンドまたは勧告
• a formal command or admonition

• 正式な名乗りは藤原公賢。
• His formal name was FUJIWARA no Kinkata.

• 正式には「江南藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Konan Fuji Matsuri.'

• 正式には「将軍藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Shogun-fuji Matsuri.'

• 正式な勘定科目ラベルを使う
• Use formal account labels

• 正式に、所有権を割り当てる
• formally assign ownership of

• だれかを解放する正式な行為
• the formal act of liberating someone

• 彼女は夫と正式に結婚した。
• She has legally divorced her husband.

• 正式な討論に提出された問題
• an issue that is presented for formal disputation

• 公式な、または、正式な声明
• a formal or authoritative proclamation

• 破門に伴う教会の正式な非難
• a formal ecclesiastical curse accompanied by excommunication

• 厳粛に、かつ正式に約束する
• promise solemnly and formally

• に対して正式な告訴を起こす
• file a formal charge against

• 契約または正式な協定を結ぶ
• enter into a covenant or formal agreement

• 何かをする正式の指示か命令
• an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

• 職や責任を正式に放棄する人
• one who formally relinquishes an office or responsibility

• そのため正式な官位はない。
• Therefore, he had no formal official rank.

• 同年、正式な中納言となる。
• That year, he officially became Chunagon (vice-councilor of state).

• 初めて正式に社交界に出ること
• debut

• 結局今日まで正式名称となる。
• It's name ended up being official.

• 正式には「大天白藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Daitenpaku Fuji Matsuri.'

• 正式には「古川ふじまつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Furukawa Fuji Matsuri.'

• 正式には「吉祥寺藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Kissho-ji Fuji Matsuri.'

• 正式には翁の次に演じられる。
• This program is officially the first performance played after a Japanese traditional formal prayer and dance, 'Okina.'

• 本尊前は、三重の鏡餅が正式。
• In the hon-sonzen style, the formal manner of display is to use a three-layer kagami-mochi.

• 正式な仮引数項を欠いています
• Missing right parenthesis at [%C]
• Missing format label at [%C]
• Missing kind-parameter at [%C]

• 公式サービスに正式に要求する
• make a formal request for official services

• 学校で正式な教育を受ける過程
• the process of being formally educated at a school

• 正式な契約書をお送りします。
• I will send our formal agreement to you.

• 正式にする、または公式化する
• make formal or official

• 敬意を示す正式な軍隊の身振り
• a formal military gesture of respect

• 形式的に開くか、正式に捧げる
• open ceremoniously or dedicate formally

• 重要なときに関する正式の式典
• formal ceremony about important occasions

• さらに正式な春宮大夫となる。
• In addition, he officially became Togu no daibu (master of the Crown Prince's Quarters).

• 正式名は在安羅諸倭臣であること
• Its formal name was Ara ni Haberu Moromoro no Yamato no Maetsukimi (Yamato retainers in Alla).

• 全1巻で、正式名称は凌雲新集。
• The entire anthology is one volume and its official title is Ryouunshinshu.

• 正式には「尾張津島藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Owari-Tsushima Fuji Matsuri.'

• 正式には「熊野の長藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Yuya no Nagafuji Matsuri.'

• 正式には「才ノ神の藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Sai no kami no Fuji Matsuri.'

• 正式には「輪台」に続けて舞う。
• This dance is formally performed after 'rindai' (a music in Banshikicho tone, named after Luntai, the country in the west of Tang).

• 正式名称は送電線架線工という。
• The official name of sodentobi is sodensen-kasenko (overhead power line engineer).

• 四季を表す四重が正式とされる。
• Jubako consisting of four stacked sub-boxes is said to be formal, as the number four means the number of seasons.

• 正式にまたは礼儀正しく辞退する
• decline formally or politely

• 何かの状態に言及する正式な方法
• a formal way of referring to the condition of something

• 奴隷身分から解放する正式な行為
• the formal act of freeing from slavery

• 豪勢で正式な舞踏会に集まる人々
• the people assembled at a lavish formal dance

• 大勢の人々のための正式の食事会
• a ceremonial dinner party for many people

• のち、正式に新選組に加盟する。
• He then formally joined Shinsengumi.

• 正式な法名は、志純義晴大徳位。
• His official homyo (a posthumous Buddhist name) is Yoshiharu Shizumi Daitoku-i (the first grade of 'Twelve levels of official rank').

• 正式の国宝指定名称は次のとおり。
• The official names as a designated national treasure are as follows:

• 正式には副原料に区分されるもの。
• Items which are classified officially as auxiliary materials

• 太字は各部の正式な呼び名である。
• Boldface means the formal names of each part.

• 国家の歌として正式に採用された歌
• a song formally adopted as the anthem for a nation

• 客を受け入れ楽しませる正式な部屋
• a formal room where visitors can be received and entertained

• 正式な地位または承認を与えられる
• given formal standing or endorsement

• 彼は息子を正式の相続人と認めた。
• He recognized his son as lawful heir.

• 職務権限または正式認可がないさま
• not having official authority or sanction

• スピーチを正式な要約で結論付ける
• conclude a speech with a formal recapitulation

• 正式な宣言によって法律を施行する
• put a law into effect by formal declaration

• かつては三笠山が正式名称であった。
• In the past, Mikasa-yama was its formal name.

• 「堺県」が正式名称として確定する。
• The name of 'Sakai Prefecture' was officially recognized.

• 正式には鷹峰山寶樹林源光庵という。
• The official name is Yohozan Hojurin Genkoan.

• 慈照寺銀閣：正式には慈照寺観音殿。
• The Ginkaku of Jisho-ji Temple: formally the Kannonden of Jisho-ji Temple (the hall dedicated to the Kannon in Jisho-ji Temple)

• ちゃんとした設備を整えた正式な学校
• full fledged school

• 正式名称は社団法人能楽協会である。
• Its official name is Koeki-Shadanhojin (Public Interest Incorporated Association) Nogaku Kyokai.

• 正式には「清麻呂の里 藤まつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Kiyomaro no sato Fuji Matsuri.'

• 紋は染め抜きが正式で、縫紋は略式。
• Official crest marks are dyed by leaving the pattarns undyed on its black field, while sewn crest marks are informal.
• Official crest marks are dyed by leaving the patterns undyed on its black field, while sewn crest marks are informal.

• 正式な勘定科目ラベルを使う(_F)
• Use _formal accounting labels

• 我々には文学の正式な指導が必要だ。
• We need some formal instruction in literature.

• オフィスかランクへの人の正式な昇進
• the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank

• 正式な法的過程の扱いにくさを避ける
• avoiding the unwieldiness of formal legal processes

• クラブは、正式に認められるでしょう
• the club will be formally recognized

• 正式の規則または指示を規定する行為
• the action of prescribing authoritative rules or directions

• 正式な、または指定された社会的立場
• proper or designated social situation

• 四拍子の古い正式なフランスのダンス
• an old formal French dance in quadruple time

• 正式に、定められる、または課される
• formally laid down or imposed

• - 深作健太が監督代行に正式決定。
• Kenta FUKASAKU is officially appointed as substitute director.

• 正式名称は丹後天橋立大江山国定公園。
• The official name is Tango-Amanohashidate-Oeyama Quasi-National Park.

• 本来の正式名称は新在家御門であった。
• The official name of the gate originally was the Shinzaike-Gomon Gate.

• 正式に名づける、または用語で指定する
• name formally or designate with a term

• 正式に承認され、法的権限を備えている
• formally approved and invested with legal authority

• 数学的な、正式な証明によって立証する
• demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof

• 関係者かメンバーとして正式に登録する
• register formally as a participant or member

• ある職務権限または正式認可があるさま
• having some official authority or sanction

• 政策や行政問題に関して正式に質問する
• question formally about policy or government business

• 聴衆に対して正式に口頭で伝達する行為
• the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

• 他人あるいは世間に正式に知らせること
• formally making a person known to another or to the public

• - 日本放送協会豊原放送局正式に開局。
• The Japan Broadcasting Corporation officially opened Toyohara radio station.

• 正式には「法華本門の三大秘法」と言う。
• Formally, it is called 'Hokke Honmon-no-Sandaihiho (法華本門の三大秘法).'

• 正式な金平糖の突起の数は24個である。
• The formal number of prongs of kompeito is 24.

• 今日残ったすべてのものは正式の庭である
• all that remains today are the formal gardens

• 告解で神父が宣言するような、正式な救済
• formal redemption as pronounced by a priest in the sacrament of penance

• 正式に謝罪すべきところを許してあげよう
• I'll spare you from having to apologize formally

• 組織や地位、会社に職場に正式に入ること
• a formal entry into an organization or position or office

• 正式名称を高麗山聖天院勝楽寺と称した。
• The official name of the temple is Komazan Shoten-in Shoraku-ji.

• - 法定合併協議会により合併が正式決定。
• The absorption was officially decided on by the Legal Absorption Conference.

• 正式には「みの竹鼻まつり・ふじまつり」。
• It is officially called, 'Mino-Takehana Matsuri and Fuji Matsuri.'

• 麹造りは正式には製麹（せいぎく）という。
• Officially, the step koji production is called 'seigiku' in the Japanese language.

• 正式には熨斗鮑（のしあわび）と呼ばれる。
• Officially, noshi is called noshi awabi (meaning flattened abalone in Japanese).

• 正式な（通常、書かれた）認可を与える行為
• the act of giving a formal (usually written) authorization

• 正式名称は無く鯨神社とのみ呼ばれている。
• There is no formal name, and it is simply called Kujira-jinja Shrine.

• 英単位系で正式に採用された容量測定の単位
• a unit of measure for capacity officially adopted in the British Imperial System

• ある同盟や連合からの正式な脱退または離反
• formal separation from an alliance or federation

• （関係または訴訟の過程などの）正式な終結
• a formal termination (of a relationship or a judicial proceeding etc)

• 専門的組織の専念したまたは正式におかれた
• officially placed in or committed to a specialized institution

• 熊本八代の初代城主（正式には八代城代。）
• He was the lord of the Yatsushiro-jo Castle in Kumamoto (Officially Chamberlain at Yatsushiro-jo Castle.)

• 1930年、松竹に助監督として正式入社。
• In 1930, he officially joined Shochiku Co., Ltd. as an assistant director.

• 正式に正遠の代から楠木氏と称したという。
• From the generation of Masatoo, they are said to have called themselves the Kusunoki clan formally.

• 明治年間以降は正式に後白河天皇と諡される。
• After Meiji era, he received the official posthumous name of Emperor Goshirakawa.

• 社内での正式な呼び名は「荒磯に波」である。
• The opening is officially called 'Araiso ni nami' (Wild waves on a rocky beach) within the company.

• 規約上の正式名は「即席カップめん」である。
• The official name on the code is 'Sokuseki Kappumen.'

• 正式には襲装束（かさねしょうぞく）と言う。
• Its official name is Kasane-shozoku.

• （誰か）に対する評価の目的で正式に討議する
• discuss formally with (somebody) for the purpose of an evaluation

• 正式または公式の社交的な集まりやセレモニー
• a formal or official social gathering or ceremony

• 会社での彼の正式な肩書きは社長補佐である。
• His official title at the company is Assistant to the President.

• 誰かに対する正式な告発（しばしば裁判所で）
• a formal accusation against somebody (often in a court of law)

• 何かを正式に示す活動（賞または報酬として）
• the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward)

• 正式に建設計画を始めるための、儀式的な起工
• the ceremonial breaking of the ground to formally begin a construction project

• 正式な授与または任命で生じるまたは、の特徴
• occurring at or characteristic of a formal investiture or induction

• 正式な名は平 登子（たいら の なりこ）。
• Her formal name was TAIRA no Nariko.

• 11月21日、関白宣下（正式な詔が降る）。
• On December 13, he was appointed as Kanpaku (the day the official imperial rescript was issued).

• 正式名称は和碩親王（ホショ＝イ＝チンワン）。
• The formal name is Hosho=I=Chinwan.

• この頃から、蒔田氏として正式に改称している。
• From this time, the Oshu Kira clan formally renamed themselves to the Maita clan.

• 翌10月15日から全線の正式営業が始まった。
• The entire line started operations officially on the following day, October 15.

• この器械は正式名称を小倉式鰹節削り器という。
• This device's formal name is 'ogurashiki katsuobushi kezuriki (Ogura-style cutter box for katsuobushi).

• 正式な改姓は得全が襲名した1871年である。
• They officially changed their family name when Tokuzen succeeded the family name in 1871.

• ホスト名を正式なものにできません: [%s]
• Could not canonicalize hostname: [%s]

• 指定された（通常適切な）正式名称を割り当てる
• assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

• 神祇官も正式に復興して太政官の下に置かれた。
• Jingikan was also restored offcially and was placed under dajokan.

• また、舞女、巫女は正式には神職に含まれない。
• Moreover, maihime (female religious dancers) and miko (shrine maidens) are not classified as shinshoku.

• 彼女のその服は正式なパーティーでは場違いだ。
• Her clothes were out of place at a formal party.

• 正式に、お披露目する、国などの代表として示す
• formally present a debutante, a representative of a country, etc.

• 通常、正式な文書に対して、最初の前書きをする
• make a preliminary introduction, usually to a formal document

• ある特定の価格で購入するという正式な申し込み
• a formal proposal to buy at a specified price

• 正式と認められている、信仰の主張あるいは慣例
• a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative

• 正式な名乗りは源光行(みなもとのみつゆき)。
• He was officially called MINAMOTO no Mitsuyuki.

• 正式な名乗りは源光衡(みなもとのみつひら)。
• His formal name was MINAMOTO no Mitsuhira.

• 正式には藤原公望（ふじわら の きんもち）。
• Officially, he was called FUJIWARA no Kinmochi.

• それに伴い、読みも正式に「ごふかくさ」に定着。
• Due to this change, the name was officially called 'Gofukakusa.'

• その後形態が変わり宝暦年間、正式に認可された。
• Subsequently, the hanamachi was reorganized and officially approved in the Horeki era.
• Eventually the form was changed, and official approval was given in the Horeki era.

• 正式には淑景舎（しげいさ、しげいしゃ）という。
• The house is formally called 'Shigeisa' or 'Shigeisha.'

• 正式には『陸海軍軍人に賜はりたる敕諭』という。
• Its formal name was 'The Imperial Rescript granted to Soldiers and Sailors.'

• 1919年、市が正式な交通手段として認定する。
• In 1919, the city approved jinrikisha as a proper means of transportation.

• なお、四段重が正式であるといわれる場合もある。
• The four-box style is sometimes said to be formal.

• 正式な [%d] 番目の仮引数の型が不完全です
• type of formal parameter [%d] is incomplete

• 正式に関係する、または、参加するようになる行為
• the act of becoming formally connected or joined

• 何かをするように正式な命令または指示を出すこと
• a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something

• 彼女の服は正式なパーティーでは場違いであった。
• Her clothes were out of place at a formal party.

• 正式な名称は御側御用人（おそば ごようにん）。
• The official post name was Osoba-goyonin.

• 政府または、国からの国家独立の明白で正式な承認
• the explicit and formal acknowledgement of a government or of the national independence of a country

• 苦行の聖礼典に聖職者によって正式に許される状態
• the condition of being formally forgiven by a priest in the sacrament of penance

• 私たちは、職位を正式化し、その役職を彼に与えた
• We formalized the appointment and gave him a title

• 私たちはこの知識を正式な理由として提示できない
• We cannot represent this knowledge to our formal reason

• 相手の申し立てに対して、正式に異議を唱えること
• a formal objection to an opponent's pleadings

• 正式に、あるいは厳かに断言する、または公言する
• affirm or avow formally or solemnly

• 強く信じていることに関する正式な書面による擁護
• a formal written defense of something you believe in strongly

• ある要件を満たしているとして、正式に承認される
• endorsed authoritatively as having met certain requirements

• 正式には藤原 基房（ふじわら の もとふさ）。
• His official name was FUJIWARA no Motofusa.

• 正式な名は源 義貞（みなもと の よしさだ）。
• His formal name was MINAMOTO no Yoshisada.

• 正式な名のりは平季武(たいら・の・すえたけ)。
• His official name was TAIRA no Suetake.

• 正式な名のりは平忠通(たいら の ただみち)。
• His official name was TAIRA no Tadamichi.

• 明治維新後に正式用語として認められたものである。
• These were determined as official terms after the Meiji Restoration.

• 鹿苑寺金閣（1397年）：正式には鹿苑寺舎利殿。
• The Kinkaku of Rokuon-ji Temple (1397): formally the Shariden of Rokuon-ji Temple (the reliquary hall of Rokuon-ji Temple)

• 正式な造りは4つ穴で、これを四目（しめ）と呼ぶ。
• Formal Hikime had four holes, and it was called `shime' (four eyes).

• 以下のようなものが正式和名として採用されている。
• The following names have been adopted as formal Japanese names:

• 衣紋を正しくするために、正式の場合に用いられた。
• It was used in formal occasions in order to dress neatly.

• 正式には酒造好適米もしくは醸造用玄米と呼ばれる。
• Officially, it is called shuzo kotekimai (literally, rice suitable for brewing sake) or jozoyo genmai (literally, unpolished rice for brewing).

• 本当であるように厳かに正式に宣言するか、断言する
• to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

• 正式な訓練のない人によって作られる、またはそれの
• of or created by one without formal training

• 陪審員としての特定の人の選択に対する、正式な異論
• a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror

• 常松は戒名であり、正式には伊勢守入道常松という。
• Josho was his kaimyo (posthumous Buddhist name) and his official name was Ise no kami Nyudo Josho.

• この戦いの後に、父貞能から正式に家督を譲られた。
• After this battle, Nobumasa was officially transferred the position as the head of the family from his father Sadayoshi.

• 正式な名乗りは源知実(みなもとのともざね)とも。
• It is also believed that his official nanori (the name one refers to himself as when reaching adulthood) is MINAMOTO no Tomozane.

• 会津に着くと、正式に兵糧方を任され、各地に従軍。
• When they got to Aizu, Waichiro was formally appointed as the role of army provisions, and followed the army to various places.

• 正式な表題は、法令全書によると、「御誓文」である。
• The formal title is 'Charter Oath' according to Horei Zensho (Compendium of laws and regulations).

• 正式名称は御誓文であり、以下では御誓文と表記する。
• Hereinafter referred to as Charter Oath, proper name of Charter Oath of Five Articles.

• 非人は小屋に属して人別把握され、正式な非人となる。
• Hinin belonged to Koya and was identified to be formalized as Hinin.

• 正式な甲斐国府の所在地は笛吹市域に推定されている。
• The official location of the Kai Province kokufu is presumed to have been within Fuefuki City.

• 1884年 明治政府、日本人の海外渡航を正式許可。
• In 1884, the Meiji Government officially permitted Japanese to go abroad.

• 取引計器用変圧変流器（正式には計量装置一式を指す）
• MOF Metering OutFit

• 日田では「山鉾」という呼称を正式なものとしている。
• In Hita, the formal name of this ritual utensil is 'yamahoko.'

• あなたは正式なスピーチを用意する必要がありません。
• You need not prepare a formal speech.

• 2人以上の人またはチームが競争する正式なコンテスト
• a formal contest in which two or more persons or teams compete

• 公然とまたは正式に起訴し、非難しまたは汚名を着せる
• to accuse or condemn or openly or formally or brand as disgraceful

• 審議・投票審議会に出された決定に対する、正式な提議
• a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote

• 資金提供と投資の有効性の事実を書面化する正式の宣言
• a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment

• 正式な名のりは中原兼平（なかはら の かねひら）。
• His formal name was NAKAHARA no Kanehira.

• 朗詠は、貴族の正式な宴をはじめ様々な場面で歌われた。
• Roei recitation was sung in various scenes including formal feasts.

• 明治維新後功績を認められ、正式に立藩し男爵となった。
• Their achievements were recognized after the Meiji Restoration and officially founded the domain and was appointed as baron.

• 日本の貨幣単位として「円 (通貨)」を正式採用した。
• The 'Yen' (currency) was officially adopted as the Japanese unit of currency.

• 同時に一向宗という俗称も宗門として正式に廃止された。
• At the same time the common name of the Ikko sect was officially abolished according to doctrine.

• ここで勢至丸・15歳（1147年）、正式に得度する。
• Seishimaru was ordained officially by Koen in 1147, when he was 15.

• しかし、天武天皇の時代に正式に制度として確立される。
• However, it was formally established as a system during the period of Emperor Tenmu.

• 正式名称は京都四條南座（きょうとしじょうみなみざ）。
• Its official name is Kyoto Shijo Minamiza Theater.

• この楊弓は「座った状態」で行う、正式な弓術であった。
• This Yokyu was used in official Kyujutsu performed in the 'seated position.'

• 正式なダンスパーティーの開会のときの、来客全員の行進
• a march of all the guests at the opening of a formal dance

• 忠告するか、勧告する、正式な、あるいは威厳がある演説
• a formal or authoritative address that advises or exhorts

• 正式には、大祭式例祭（たいさいしきれいさい）とする。
• The formal name is Taisaishikireisai (regular festival in the form of grand festival).

• 学生が有給の勤務と正式な学業に交互に従事する教育計画
• an educational plan in which students alternate between paid employment and formal study

• （裁判や公聴会などに）訴訟中の者が正式に出席すること
• formal attendance (in court or at a hearing) of a party in an action

• （通常銀行から）ローンを借りる権利を正式に与えること
• formal authorization to get a loan (usually from a bank)

• ただし、内臣は寵臣・参謀の意味で正式な官職ではない。
• However, the position of political adviser was a court favorite or an adviser and not a formal job..

• なお江戸幕府は唯一李氏朝鮮とは正式な国交をもっていた。
• The shogunate government had official diplomatic relations only with Yi Dynasty Korea.

• 正式名称は『新編纂圖本朝尊卑分脈系譜雜類要集』である。
• The full title is 'Shin-Hensanzu-Honcho-Sonpi-Bunmyaku-Keifu-Zatsurui-Yoshu.'

• これらの制度は中華人民共和国の成立で正式に廃止される。
• These systems were officially abolished when the People's Republic of China was formed.

• 作業着であるため、正式の坐禅や法要の時には着用しない。
• Because it is a work garment, it is not worn at the time of formal Zen sitting meditation or Buddhist memorial services.

• したがって『法華経』の正式名称は『妙法蓮華経』である。
• So, the official name of 'Hokekyo' became 'Myohorenge-kyo.'

• 半年にわたる懇願の末、承認され正式に留守職を継承する。
• After a half year of petitioning, his inauguration was approved and he formally succeeded the position of Rusushiki.

• これらが朝廷に認められ、天台宗は正式に宗派として確立。
• These petitions were approved by the Imperial Court and the Tendai sect was officially established as one religious school.

• （正式には各前年2月第1平日付の官報告示で決定される）
• (Formally, the decision will be announced in an official gazette as of the first weekend in February of the previous year.)

• 正式には長慶宣明暦（ちょうけいせんみょうれき）と言う。
• It is officially called the Chokei Senmyo Calendar.

• 剣道においては、正式名称を剣道具（けんどうぐ）という。
• In the Japanese art of fencing, the formal name of this protective gear is called kendo implements.

• 正式な契約を待たなくても、その件は電話で処理できます。
• Instead of waiting for a contract, we can handle it over the phone.

• 米国の大統領と副大統領を正式に選出する選挙人たちの集団
• the body of electors who formally elect the United States president and vice president

• イボサボテン属にかろうじて似ていて正式に組み入れられる
• superficially resembling and formerly included in genus Mammillaria

• 製品のメーカーか販売業者を特定する正式に登録された記号
• a formally registered symbol identifying the manufacturer or distributor of a product

• 正式には高野朝臣新笠（たかののあそみにいがさ）という。
• Her official name was TAKANO no Asomi Niigasa.

• そして延宝9年4月に一宮の大覚寺入りが正式に決定される。
• And in May and June 1670, it was formally decided to let Ichinomiya enter Daikaku-ji.

• 正式に同盟が締結されたのは桶狭間の戦いから2年後である。
• It was after two years from the Battle of Okehazama that the alliance was formed officially.

• 正式名称は『日本輿地通志　畿内部』で、全61巻から成る。
• Its formal title was 'Nihon yochitsushi kinaibu' and it was composed totally of 61 volumes.

• ここに慶喜は正式に朝敵となり、追討令が出されるに至った。
• Now, Yoshinobu formally became Emperor's enemy and an order to track down and kill him was issued.

• 「座禅」とも表記されるが、正式には「坐」の字を使用する。
• It is sometimes written with the characters 座禅 however it is correct to use the character 坐.

• もっとも正式には帯が見えないように着付けるのがただしい。
• It is a formal etiquette to put on hakama so that the obi is not visible.

• 正式には天保壬寅元暦（てんぽうじんいんげんれき）と呼ぶ。
• Officially, it is called Tenpo jiningenreki.

• サムは不当にも正式採用となる寸前で、解雇されてしまった。
• Sam got a raw deal when he was laid off just before his job would have become permanent.

• 征服、または占領によって何か（特に領土）を得る正式の行為
• the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation

• （学研都市キャンパスのみ正式に～キャンパスと使われる。）
• (Only for Kansai Science City Campus, 'Campus' is officially used for the campus name.)

• 朝臣としての正式な名のりは平胤雄（たいら・の・たねお）。
• His formal name as an Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles) was TAIRA no Taneo.

• その上で建武式目を制定し、施政方針を定め正式に幕府を開く。
• Additionally, Takauji enacted the Kenmu Code, established an administrative policy and formally created a shogunate.

• またさらには正式に一宗一派を開くことが出来るともいわれる。
• Furthermore, he or she is also said to be able to officially found a new sect or school.

• 本膳料理（ほんぜんりょうり）とは、日本料理の正式な膳立て。
• Honzen ryori is a formal Japanese-style meal course.

• 江戸時代には、『翁』+五本の能を上演するのが正式であった。
• In the Edo period, the 'Okina play' plus five dramas of Noh was a formal presentation.

• 25回忌の時に「得入」と賜号され、正式に歴代の中にはいる。
• At his Nijyugokaiki (the 24th anniversary of one's death), the name Tokunyu was given and became accounted in the successive leaders officially.

• 宗改は正式織部本流を立ち上げ、秋元瑞阿弥にそれを伝授した。
• Sokai started up a formal Oribe style and taught it to Zuiami AKIMOTO.

• 正式には記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の民俗文化財という。
• Officially, they are called intangible folk cultural properties selected for measures such as recording.

• 正式外題は『閏月仁景清』（うるうづき ににん かげきよ）。
• Its official title is 'Uruuzuki Ninin Kagekiyo.' (The leap month and the virtue of kagekiyo).

• やがて大奥の衣服制度にも正式に取り上げられることとなった。
• The Chayatsuji was officially adopted by the dress system of O-oku (the inner halls of Edo Castle where the wife of the Shogun and her servants resided).

• 中国では、春秋戦国時代正座が正式な座り方だったことがある。
• In China, seiza style was the formal style of sitting during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period.

• 日本の国会は、第５２第首相に橋本龍太郎氏を正式に選出した。
• The Japanese Parliament today officially elected Ryoutarou Hashimoto as the country's 52nd prime minister.

• 何らかの罪で人を告発している検事のために書かれた正式の文書
• a formal document written for a prosecuting attorney charging a person with some offense

• 結論は文書化されて征夷大将軍の決裁を得て正式な効力を得た。
• Decisions were documented and officially took effect with final decisions made by a shogun.

• 正式な呼称ではなく、上記のような事実から付いた俗称である。
• This is not an official but familiar name, that was named by the fact written above.

• 同志社大学では「～校地」をキャンパスの正式名称としている。
• XX-kochi' (XX campus) is the official name at Doshisha University.

• 正式な法的手続きなしに、暴力行為によって死に至らしめること
• putting a person to death by mob action without due process of law

• 興奮のざわめきがあまりに大きいので正式の否定文書が出された
• the buzz of excitement was so great that a formal denial was issued

• 学年の終わり頃に学校のクラスのために開催される正式な舞踏会
• a formal ball held for a school class toward the end of the academic year

• 正式に批准するか、または確認することによって有効にすること
• making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it

• のちに宮内省理事官随行心得として使節団の正式な一員となる。
• Later, he was allowed to be an official member of the Mission as Rijikan zuiko kokoroe (assistant attendant to the commissioner of the Imperial Household Ministry).

• 送使・迎使など正式な朝貢の使いでない役職は人名の前に付した。
• The name of an unofficial post such as dispatching and receiving clerks was followed by the name of the holder of this post.

• 高御座（たかみくら）は、天皇の正式な所在地を示す特別な玉座。
• Takamikura is the special Imperial throne which designates the official place where the Emperor sits.

• 文化6年12月1日（1810年1月6日）、正式に家慶と婚姻。
• On January 6, 1810, Takako officially married Ieyoshi.

• 日中間の正式の外交貿易は行われず、一般人の渡航は禁止された。
• The official trade between Japan and China stopped, and ordinary people's overseas travel was prohibited.

• （それ以降、京都の東本願寺の正式名称は｢真宗本廟」となった。
• Following this, the official name of 'Shinshu-honbyo' (Shinshu-honbyo mausoleum) was given to Higashi-Hongan-ji temple.

• 701年の大宝律令によって正式な宮中の年中行事に定められた。
• Oharae was designated by the Taiho Code in 701 as a formal annual court event.

• 正式には宝暦甲戌元暦（ほうりゃくこうじゅつげんれき）という。
• It is officially called the Horyaku kojutsugenreki.

• 明治23年（1890年）には正式に帝室技芸員制度がはじまる。
• The system of Teishitsu Gigeiin formally started in 1890.

• （従業員などの）人に何かをするように仕向けるための正式な計画
• a formal scheme for inducing someone (as employees) to do something

• 正式名称は「洛南高等学校」および「洛南高等学校附属中学校」。
• The official names are 'Rakunan High School' and 'Junior High School of Rakunan High School'

• 1878年（明治11年）9月13日 正式に初代大審院長となる
• On September 13, 1878, he was formally appointed as the first Chief Justice of Daishin-in.

• 延宝7年（1679年）、21歳のときに正式な筆頭家老となる。
• He officially became Hittokaro (head of the chief retainer) at the age of 21.

• この史実との矛盾点に対し、馬山市の正式な解釈は示されていない。
• No official interpretation has been forthcoming from the city government of Masan that adequately resolves this discrepancy between the historical facts and the grounds for their claims that Tsushima is part of Korea.

• 江戸時代には、農地を正式に持ち、年貢を納める者を百姓と言った。
• In the Edo period, those who had their own farmlands officially and paid rice as their land taxes were called Hyakusho.

• この儀式の翌日に正式な皇室の一員として皇統譜に名が記録される。
• On the day after the ceremony, the child's name is recorded in Kotofu (the genealogy of the Imperial Family) as an official member of the Imperial Family.

• 日本農林規格(JAS)では、凍り豆腐が正式な名称となっている。
• Kori-dofu is the official name under the Japan Agricultural Standards (JAS).

• 正式名称ではなく、ほかの風土記と区別して「古風土記」ともいう。
• It is also called 'Kofudoki' (ancient fudoki compiled by imperial order in 713 CE) to differentiate it from other fudoki, although it is not an official name.

• 真宗大谷派では、四角形の専用の「鈴台」を用いるのが正式である。
• In the Shin sect Otani school, a special quadrilateral 'rindai' is officially used.

• 専用の鈴台は、畳の上に直に置いて用いるのが、正式な作法である。
• In accordance with the proper manner, the special rindai is placed directly on tatami mats.

• 正式な場ではふさわしくないと考えられる語や表現から口語体の言語
• informal language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions

• それほど正式な訓練を必要としない仕事において、看護婦を手伝う人
• someone who assists a nurse in tasks that require little formal training

• 正式名称は、気候変動に関する国際連合枠組条約の京都議定書（英）。
• The formal name is Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

• 第七師団（明治29年（1896年）5月正式設置、屯田司令部廃止）
• Seventh Division (formally set up in May, 1896/abolition of Tonden Command Center)

• 平氏政権が滅亡した後の鎌倉時代には日中間の正式な国交はなかった。
• There was no official diplomacy between Japan and China in the Kamakura period after the fall of the Heike government.

• 授戒を受けることで出家者が正式な僧尼として認められることになる。
• Such a person needs to be given the precepts of Buddhism to be duly authorized as a Buddhist priest or priestess.

• 門跡（もんせき、もんぜき）とは、日本の仏教の開祖の正式な後継者。
• 'Monzeki' or 'Monseki' means the formal successor of the founder of a Buddhist sect in Japan.

• 正式名称としては「京都府京都文化博物館」が使用されることもある。
• Its official name 'Kyoto Prefecture Museum of Culture' is sometimes used.

• 江戸時代前期は長襦袢ではなくこちらが正式な襦袢と考えられていた。
• In the early Edo period, hanjuban was considered a formal juban, not nagajuban.

• 分類については、まだ発展・整理の途上であり、正式なものではない。
• Categories are in the process of development and organization, and are not formalized yet.

• 正式には五つ紋をつけるが、現在ではほとんど紋を入れることはない。
• Formally Furisode should have the family crest dyed on the five places, but these days, they mostly do not have a family crest.

• 4.12 正式ライセンス以前および以後にファンサブを流通させる
• 4.12. Distributing Fansubs Before and After Licensing

• 正式にはそれは彼の責任ではあるが、実際は秘書が全部こなしている。
• Officially it is his responsibility, but in fact his secretary does all the work.

• 明治44年（1911年）、奉幣使の正式名称を幣帛供進使と定めた。
• In 1911, the official name of hobeishi was established as heihakukyoshinshi.

• 正式な町奉行という役職ではなかったが事実上同じ働きを持っていた。
• Although it was not an official machi-bugyo post, its function was essentially the same.

• 拘束状態（刑務所や精神病院のような場所）に人を引き渡す正式の行為
• the official act of consigning a person to confinement (as in a prison or mental hospital)

• 娘の実子が翌年正式に乳母となると、母の光子は大蔵三位と呼ばれた。
• When her daughter Jisshi officially became menoto the following year, Mitsuko, as the mother, was called Okura Sanmi.

• 「大和」という表記が正式に決定されるのは天平宝字2年以後とされる。
• It is said that it was in 758 or thereafter that the representation of '大和' was formally determined.

• 結果、日印は仏教全宗派を論破し、幕府は題目宗の布教を正式に認める。
• After all, Nichiin refuted all the sects of Buddhism, and the bakufu officially approved dissemination of Daimoku sect.

• 2005年1月 近鉄京阪奈新線の正式名称が「けいはんな線」と決定。
• January, 2005: It was decided that the official name of the new Keihanna line of Kintetsu would be Keihanna Line.

• これに続いて7月12日に高輪接遇所において正式な会談が開催された。
• Following this, a formal conference was held in Takanawa setsugusho on July 12.

• 景虎は征夷大将軍・足利義輝に拝謁し、関東管領就任を正式に許された。
• Kagetora had an audience with Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, Seii taishogun, and got official approval of assuming the Kanto Kanrei post.

• 各級は正式には功一級金鵄勲章のように等級+金鵄勲章の形で呼ばれる。
• Formally speaking, each grade should be stated before the order itself, as for example in 'First Grade of the Order of the Golden Kite.'

• 鈴については鉾鈴を正式とし、神楽鈴を代用してもよい事となっている。
• Although officially the hoko-suzu, a dagger with bells attached, is used, it may be substituted for kagura-suzu, or kagura bells.

• 正式裁判の請求により判決をしたときは、略式命令は、その効力を失う。
• When a judgment is made based on a request for a formal trial, the summary order shall cease to be effective.

• 日本の弓矢は正式には和弓といい、長弓（ちょうきゅう）に分類される。
• Japanese Yumiya is officially called wakyu and is classified as Chokyu.

• 1951年以降は正式には酒造好適米（しゅぞうこうてきまい）という。
• Since 1951, it has officially been designated as shuzo kotekimai.

• これがないと正式なタイトルや規格番号、価格が分からない場合もある。
• If these papers are lost, the official titles, standardizing numbers, and prices may not be identified.

• 証書または他の法的文書として大きく明確な文書で正式に記述されている
• written formally in a large clear script, as a deed or other legal document

• 代表作は「東京名所絵」（正式な名はない「東京真画名所図解」とも）。
• His representative work was 'Tokyo Meishoe' (Tokyo landscapes) (which does not have a formal name and is also called 'Tokyo shinga meisho zukai').

• 享保16年（1731年）には権大納言、また正式な春宮大夫となった。
• In 1731, he was appointed Gon Dainagon, and he officially became the Togu no Daibu (Master of the Crown Prince's Quarters).

• 建長2年（1250年）には正式な大納言となったが、同年に薨去した。
• In 1250 he officially became Dainagon (chief councilor of state), but the same year he passed away.

• 袴は女子の長袴同様の「ねじまち」で、正式には表紅小葵文綾・裏紅平絹。
• The Hakama was with 'nejimachi' which was the same as Nagabakama for women, in formal style it was with Kurenai koaoi mon aya (a type of an arabesque pattern figured cloth with light pink color) on the surface and the lining was a light pink color with plain silk fabric.

• こうして、義明は傀儡の立場から脱却し、正式な小弓公方として台頭する。
• In this way, Yoshiaki freed himself being a figurehead and gained power as the official Oyumi-kubo.

• ただし、正式な会派として認められたのは、1911年3月20日である。
• However, it was recognized as a formal parliamentary group on March 20, 1911.

• ここに江戸城は正式に大総督府の管下に入り、江戸城明け渡しが完了した。
• That was the exact moment of Edo-jo Castle's official jurisdiction transfer to the grand government general, and the grand government general's completion in the surrender of Edo-jo Castle.

• 日本の外交文書における正式名称は、北清事変に関する最終議定書である。
• The formal name in diplomatic documents of Japan is the final protocol concerning the North China Incident.

• 元服を迎えた宝徳元年（1449年）に正式に第8代将軍として就任した。
• When he had a coming of age ceremony in 1449 he officially assumed his position as the 8th Shogun.

• 出土品は、この時点でようやく正式に文化財として認定されたことになる。
• At this point, the object is finally designated as a cultural property.

• 日本初のやきとり組合（正式名称：東松山焼鳥店組合）のある街でもある。
• This is also the city which houses the first Yakitori Association (official name: Higashimatsuyama Yakitori Association) in Japan.

• このうち田沼は初めて側用人から老中格を経て正式に老中に就任している。
• Of them, Tanuma was the first person who officially assumed Roju from Sobayonin through Roju-kaku.

• 義久は川内市の泰平寺 (薩摩川内市)で秀吉と会見し、正式に降伏した。
• Yoshihisa had an audience with Hideyoshi at Taihei-ji Temple in Sendai City (present-day Satsumasendai City) at which he formaly surrendered.

• このため、ここの「慶応四年」は「明治元年」に読みかえるのが正式である。
• Therefore it is official that 'the 4th year of Keio era' is to be read as 'the first year of Meiji era' here.

• 和琴などを伴奏として、貴族の正式な宴の後のくつろいだ席などで歌われた。
• It is sung accompanied by wagon (Japanese harp) at a relaxing time after the formal feast of court nobles.

• 正式な高御座が常設されている京都市の地位が大きく後退した印象を残した。
• It left the impression that the position of Kyoto City, where the formal Takamikura are kept, greatly went down.

• 12月21日、西園寺内閣が正式に総辞職して第3次桂太郎内閣が発足した。
• Nevertheless, on December 21, the whole Saionji Cabinet resigned formally, and the third Cabinet of Taro KATSURA started.

• 1897年に正式に金本位制を採用するまで、事実上の銀本位制が継続した。
• The silver standard continued in effect until gold standard was formally adopted in 1897.

• 正式裁判の請求は、第一審の判決があるまでこれを取り下げることができる。
• The request for a formal trial may be withdrawn until the judgment of the first instance is rendered.

• 爪弾きとは言え、正式には爪は糸に当ててはならず、爪の横の指の端で弾く。
• In spite of the literal meaning of tsume biki, the shamisen player should use not its fingernails but its fingertips alongside for plucking the strings.

• 多くのハッカーたちは、アカデミズムの世界と正式な接触を持ったことがある
• Since many hackers have had formative exposure to academia

• 正式に町奉行という官職ができたのは、北南町奉行が設置されてからである。
• The post of machi-bugyo was officially introduced when the kita-machi-bugyo post and the minami-machi-bugyo post were established..

• しかし平滋子のように正式な妃（女御）として重んじられることはなかった。
• However, she was not given the status of a legal wife (nyogo (consort)) as high as TAIRA no Shigeko.

• 同事件における親書が、本協約の無効を主張したものとした正式な文書である。
• The personal letter in the affair is an official written document which insisted on invalidity of the treaty.

• しかし、噂が広まり、名前を公募した上で2004年12月、正式に誕生した。
• However, its reputation spread and it officially came into being in December 2004 after entries for its name were collected from the public.

• 旧華族会館である現霞会館に正式に登録されているのは16代安藤信和である。
• It is the name of Nobukazu ANDO, the 16th head of the family, who is formally registered on the list of nobles at Kasumi kaikan Hall, the former Kazoku kaikan (literally, a hall for the peerage).

• 長襦袢が正式とされるようになった現在においては、比較的質素なものが多い。
• Presently most of susoyoke petticoat is relatively simple as nagajuban is a formality.

• 座ったままで行う正式な弓術であり、対戦式で的に当った点数で勝敗を争った。
• It was an official Kyujutsu performed while seated, trying to reach conclusions with scores in a game.
• It was done while remaining seated, and participants competed for the points gained by hitting a target.

• 正式な本膳料理や精進料理にも供され、おかわりする事も可能な料理であった。
• It was served with formal shojin ryori (vegetarian dish) or honzen ryori (formally arranged dinner), and guests were free to ask for another bowl.

• 正式な場で進行役をする人（初めの言葉を述べたり、他の発言者の紹介を行う）
• a person who acts as host at formal occasions (makes an introductory speech and introduces other speakers)

• 聴衆に正式に話しかけること（たいてい長く修飾的でしばしばもったいぶった）
• addressing an audience formally (usually a long and rhetorical address and often pompous)

• 正式な指示によってというよりもむしろあなた自身の努力のために教育を受ける
• educated by your own efforts rather than by formal instruction

• これらの臨床試験の成功裡の後に、FDAから正式な承認を受けるとされている
• after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA

• こうして日本で初めて、戸主に限り、女性参政権が正式に認められるに至った。
• Accordingly, only women who were householders became eligible to vote for the first time in Japan.

• 同年、家督を代行していた養母の直虎が亡くなったため、正式に当主となった。
• In the same year, he formally became the head of the family, as his foster mother Naotora died.

• また正式の通交使節との公貿易では、大蔵経など朝鮮の書籍も日本に輸出された。
• In the public trade with the formal missions for friendship, a lot of Korean books including Daizo-kyo Sutra (the Tripitaka) were imported into Japan.

• この御厨は、同年8月に、下総守（藤原親通）の庁宣によって正式に認められた。
• This Mikuriya was officially permitted in September 1130 by an official notice from the Shimosa no kami (provincial governor of Shimosa Province), FUJIWARA no Chikamichi.

• 吉田兼和は神祇官として朝廷の官位を受けてはいたが、正式な朝臣ではなかった。
• Kanekazu YOSHIDA was not a formal Ason, though he was given an official rank from the Emperor as Jingikan.

• 寺内は8月31日に山縣有朋に辞意を告げ、9月21日に正式に辞表を提出した。
• TERAUCHI offered his resignation to Aritomo YAMAGATA on August 31 and submitted his letter of resignation officially on September 21.

• そして、これ以後、このような者たちには正式に氏姓が与えられるようになった。
• The clan name and hereditary title were given to such people officially after this.

• 1575年に父・顕如を戒師として正式に得度すると、直ちに法眼に任じられた。
• In 1575, when he officially entered the Buddhist priesthood under the guidance of his father Kennyo as kaishi (a priest who imparts the Buddhist commandments,) he was assigned to hogen (the second highest rank in the hierarchy of Buddhist priest.)

• 正式な原題は、『無量壽經優婆提舍願生偈』（婆藪般豆 造 後魏菩提留支訳）。
• The original title is formally written '無量壽經優婆提舍願生偈' (compiled by Vasubandhu and translated by Bodhiruci in the later Wei dynasty).

• 浄土真宗本願寺派という宗名が正式に定められたのは1877年（明治10年）。
• It was in 1877 when the name of the sect was formally established as the Jodo Shinshu sect Hongwan-ji-ha.

• イノダコーヒーと書かれる場合もあるが、正式名称には末尾の長音符は付かない。
• It is sometimes written as 'イノダコーヒー,' but its official name does not have any macron at the end.

• 飲む人の順には地域間で差があるが、年齢の若い者から順に飲むのが正式である。
• Although the order of drinking varies from region to region, officially it should be had in the order of age, from youngest to oldest.

• 正式には、上流から遷祀されたとされる瀬織津媛（せおりつひめ）を祭っている。
• It officially enshrines Seoritsuhime, who is said to have been transferred from up river.

• 歩射の正式の的であり、現在の尺二的（小的）が普及するまで一般に使用された。
• An o-mato is a formal mato for busha (to shoot an arrow while walking), and this type had been commonly used until the current style of shaku-ni mato (also known as komato, the regular size mato for kinteki) became popular.

• ２００２年：国土安全保障省設立法にブッシュ大統領がサインし正式な省となる。
• 2002: President Bush signs the Homeland Security Act and it becomes an official Cabinet agency.

• そして、各団体へ正式加入と同時に「重要無形文化財総合保持者」に認定される。
• One is certified with being a 'General Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property' upon officially joining one of these groups.

• 正式な訪問をするときには名前を名乗りまたは召使に訪問済みの通知カードを渡す
• give one's name or calling card to a servant when making a formal visit

• 2つの教会への教会の正式な分離、または教義上の違いでの1つのグループの撤退
• the formal separation of a church into two churches or the withdrawal of one group over doctrinal differences

• 正式にスポーツとしてのボクシングを習うよりも、通りで喧嘩することを覚えた人
• someone who learned to fight in the streets rather than being formally trained in the sport of boxing

• のちに正式に近藤家と養子縁組し、島崎勇と名乗ったのちに、近藤勇を名乗った。
• Afterwards, he was officially adopted by the Kondo family; therefore, he first called himself Isami SHIMAZAKI but later began calling himself Isami KONDO.

• 龍王丸は駿河館に入り、2年後に元服して氏親を名乗り正式に今川家当主となる。
• Tatsuomaru moved into Suruga House, 2 years later celebrated coming of age and became the head of the Imagawa family, taking the name Ujichika.

• 12月には東洋自由党が解党して大井らが正式に大日本協会に属することになった。
• In December, the Toyo Jiyto dissolved, and some of its members, including Kentaro OI, formally joined the Dai Nihon Kyokai.

• 平野氏は9代にわたったが、実際に正式な藩主だった期間はわずか3年間であった。
• Hirano clan rule lasted for nine generations, but it was only three years that the clan had the official status of domain lord.

• これは本山寺院の形式を正式とするものであり、末寺や檀家の仏壇もそれに準じる。
• In the regulations, the form of the main temple is considered the proper form so that the subsidiary temples and patrons of the temple follow the form for their Buddhist altar.

• 大阪市浪速区には、閻魔を祀った西方寺閻魔堂（正式には「合邦辻閻魔堂西方寺」。
• Saiho-ji Temple Enma-do (official name is 'Gappo-ga-tsuji Enma-do Saiho-ji Temple') located in Naniwa Ward, Osaka City enshrines Enma.

• 平氏政権期以前から存在したが、源頼朝が朝廷から認められ正式に全国に設置した。
• It existed before the period of the Taira clan government, but it was established formally throughout the country by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo after approval by the Imperial Court.

• 述べられた提案の正式なプレゼンとそれに対する反対（通常は、投票があとに続く）
• the formal presentation of a stated proposition and the opposition to it (usually followed by a vote)

• 正式な誓いを施行する権限を与えられた誰かの前に真実であることが誓われる声明書
• a written statement sworn to be true before someone legally authorized to administer an oath

• 正則は2ヶ月も前から届けを出していたが幕府からは正式な許可が出ていなかった。
• Although Masanori aplied the permission two months ago, he had not received it officially from the bakufu.

• 淡海公は約束どおり房前を正式な息子として都につれかえった」という物語である。
• Tankaiko took Fusasaki back to the capital as his official son as he had promised her.'

• 日本での正式名称は明治二十七八年戦役（めいじにじゅうしちはちねん せんえき）。
• The war was formally named Meiji niju-shichi-hachinen sen-eki (military campaign in the twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth years of the Meiji Period) in Japan.

• ちなみに、「通り」の「り」を送り仮名としてつけないのが正式な通りの名前である。
• In writing, the official name of a street omits 'ri (り),' the declensional Kana ending of 'do-ri (通り),' or 'street.'

• 十市皇女自作の歌は、正式には一首も残されていないが自作の歌が伝わる地方がある。
• Although Tochi no Himemiko left no poem of her own officially, there is a region where her own poem is handed down.

• 寛文2年（1662年）に大坂町奉行により3名が正式に幕府御用を務めるに至った。
• Recommended by the Osaka machi-bugyo (town magistrate of Osaka), they became official dealers for the shogunate in 1662.

• 806年（延歴25年）には山岳仏教が都市仏教と並び正式に国家仏教の一つとなる。
• In 806, Mountain Buddhism officially became one of the kokka bukkyo (Buddhism for ruling the country) as well as the urban form of Buddhism.

• 正式裁判の請求を適法とするときは、通常の規定に従い、審判をしなければならない。
• The court shall, when a request for a formal trial is deemed to be lawful, try the case in accordance with regular provisions.

• 条例上の正式名称は前記の通りだが、一般的には西京極野球場という通称で呼ばれる。
• The legal name in the ordinance is like the above-mentioned, but in general it is commonly called Nishikyogoku yakyujo (baseball park).

• 前者を「染め紋」、後者を「縫い紋」として、前者のほうが正式であるとされている。
• The former crest is called 'some-mon' (dyed crest), and the latter is called 'nui-mon' (woven crest), but the former is considered formal.

• 臙脂は胡粉（膠液で正式に溶いたものがよい）をごく少量加えれば、色沢を失わない。
• If a small amount of shell lime (preferably one properly dissolved with glue solution) is added to the dark red color it will retain its luster.

• 国王は彼の正式印のある署名された拘禁令状で投獄または死刑を許可することができた
• a warrant formerly issued by a French king who could warrant imprisonment or death in a signed letter under his seal

• 会社が定款に示されているようなの法律上の会社の正式名ではない業務を行う際の名前
• a name under which a corporation conducts business that is not the legal name of the corporation as shown in its articles of incorporation

• 肥前大村藩士・楠本直右衛門正式（60石）の長男として玖島城下の岩船に生まれる。
• Masataka KUSUMOTO was born in Iwafune near Kushima Castle, the eldest son of Naoemon Masanori KUSUMOTO (60 koku).

• 古代・中世の日本では無官の者を救済する施策として正式な制度として導入されていた。
• In ancient and medieval Japan, the baikan system was introduced as an official system to rescue courtiers without posts.

• その際、題名も正式な歌舞伎外題である『菅原伝授手習鑑』とは別の通称が用いられる。
• In that case, another title besides the formal kabuki title of 'Sugawara Denju Tenarai Kagami' was used.

• 列に並んで長い間待たされた後、身分証明として正式な出生証明書が必要だといわれた。
• After a long wait in line, she was told she should get a certified copy of her birth certificate as identification.

• しかし、弟は正式の手続きを経ており、御成敗式目に照らすと弟が明らかに有利である。
• However, the younger brother had completed the formal procedure and was apparently in an advantageous position in light of the legal code 'Goseibai-shikimoku'.

• なお、家格は脇坂安政の代に願譜代となり、脇坂安董の代に正式に譜代大名に上げられた。
• The class was negai fudai (quasi fudai daimyo) in the generation of Yasumasa WAKISAKA and was formally promoted to fudai daimyo (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) in the generation of Yasutada WAKISAKA.

• 中心市街地の住所表示は、正式の町名と併記する形でこの通り名を用いて表す場合が多い。
• Often street names, together with the official names of towns, are used for addresses in the downtown area.

• 正式に宮中行事とされたのは、1926年（大正15年）の皇室令大正時代第5条による。
• It formally became a court function when Koshitsu-rei (the Imperial Families' Act) Taisho Period Article 5 was issued in 1926.

• またこれにより、天皇の意思が政府の正式決定に勝るという前例が出来上がってしまった。
• In this way, they set a precedent that the emperor's intention surpasses the official decision.

• また、諸藩においても藩直属の足軽階級の正式名称を同心としているところも少なくない。
• Also, a lot of domains officially named ashigaru-level soldier (common foot soldier) under the direct control of the domain as doshin.

• その元嘉暦の暦本は聖徳太子により604年に官暦として正式に採用された（政事要略）。
• The book of Genka calendar was formally adopted as the official calendar by Shotoku taishi in 640 (Seiji yoryaku (Book of exempla for administering affairs of state)).

• 家臣団の身分階層性のなかに「郷士」（名称は各様）として正式に位置付けられていること
• Within a the hierarchy of a grouping of vassals, an individual was given a formal ranking of `goshi`.

• ただし、この薬師寺像は、左右とも角がなく、正式には「獅子1対」と呼ぶべきであろう。
• However, as neither of the statues have a horn, they should be more appropriately called 'Shishi pair'.

• 後桓武天皇の後宮で女官となり寵愛を得たが、終生正式の妃の一人には認められなかった。
• She later served as a minor Court lady at the Empress's residence and became one of Emperor Kanmu's favorite women, but was never recognized as the Emperor's consort throughout her life.

• 嵯峨源氏の源融の子孫で、通称は渡辺源次、正式な名のりは源綱（みなもと の つな）。
• A descendant of MINAMOTO no Toru of the Saga-Genji (Minamoto clan), his common name was Genji WATANABE and his official name was MINAMOTO no Tsuna.

• 1956年、京都市で文化観光税（正式には文化観光施設税。通称は文観税）が実施された。
• In 1956, the Tax on Cultural Tourism (the full title of which is the Tax on Cultural Tourist Facilities, and which is commonly known as the Bunkan tax) was enforced in Kyoto city.

• 律を誓うには、10人以上の正式の僧尼の前で儀式（これが授戒である）を行う必要がある。
• To vow 'ritsu,' (meaning to vow to keep codes of discipline which govern the Buddhist monastic life), a rite must be performed in front of more than 10 qualified priests and nuns; this is Jukai.

• 現在の時宗教団は一遍を宗祖とするが、宗として正式に成立したのは江戸幕府の政策による。
• Current Jishu sect holds Ippen as the founder, but the sect was officially formed by the policy of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

• 都市公園としての正式名称は「奈良県立都市公園　奈良公園」といい、総面積は502ha。
• The formal name as a municipal park is 'Nara Kenritsu Toshi koen Nara Koen' (Nara Prefectural Park, Nara Park, and its total size is 502 hectares.

• 同年6月5日、旧赤坂離宮（現迎賓館）を仮庁舎として、国立国会図書館は正式に開館した。
• The NDL was officially opened to the public on June 5, 1948 in a temporary building using the former Akasaka Detached Palace (Akasaka rikyu), which is now known as the State Guest House (or the Geihinkan).

• 吊屋根の四隅の房は正式には房では無く四本柱に巻きつけられていた同色の布の名残である。
• Tassels hanging from the four corners of the roof are not merely tassels for decoration but they represent the cloths of the same color that once wrapped the omitted posts.

• 昭和9年（1934年）11月、これを持って「弓道要則」とし統一射法として正式に制定。
• In November 1934, this was called 'Kyudo-yosoku (basic art of shooting an arrow)' and was officially established as the united shooting form.

• このうち五つの紋がついている「五つ紋（いつつもん）」が最も格が高い正式なものとなる。
• Wafuku having a crest at the five places called 'Itsutsumon' is the most formal.

• 大会での上映はどれも満員で、みんなこうした作品が正式にリリースされるのを望んでいた。
• every single showing at the convention was well-attended, and people wanted to see the titles professionally released.

• 巫女は正式な神職ではなく資格も必要ないため、女子神職のように服制は定められていない。
• Because miko is not regarded as official Shinto priest and required any qualifications, there is no dress code for miko like that for female Shinto priests.

• 後に大蔵省・大炊寮と言った正式な官司や摂関家家司にも年預が設置された記録が見られる。
• A historical book described that the position of Nenyo was also provided later for government officials such as the Okura-sho (Ministry of the Treasury) and Oiryo (Bureau of Palace Kitchens under the Ministry of the Imperial Household) as well as for the Keishi (household superintendent) of the Sekkan families (Sekkanke).

• これを受けて同年7月に慶喜が幕府の正式な役職として新設された将軍後見職に任命された。
• In response, Yoshinobu was appointed to the post, now newly made official, in July of the same year.

• 提出者の審問がなされるまで手続きを保留するために法廷あるいは役人に提出される正式通知
• a formal notice filed with a court or officer to suspend a proceeding until filer is given a hearing

• 新たな枠組みにおいては、深層防護とリスク評価がより正式に結び付けられると考えられる。
• In a new regulatory framework, risk assessment and defense-in-depth would be combined more formally.

• 国または他の集団の間の特定の目的を実現するために、提携または協調を確立する正式な協定
• a formal agreement establishing an association or alliance between nations or other groups to achieve a particular aim

• この御幸において高倉天皇と清盛の娘・平徳子の婚姻が、正式に合意に達したと推定される。
• It is inferred that the marriage of Emperor Takakura and Kiyomori's daughter, TAIRA no Tokuko, was officially agreed upon during this imperial visit.

• （宗本一体化）「本願寺（東本願寺）」の正式名称は、「真宗本廟（ほんびょう）」となる。
• The official name of (the incorporated religious order) 'Honganji (Higashi Honganji)' became 'Shinshu Honbyo.'

• 暦本は604年に聖徳太子によって採用された（ただし正式な暦法の採用は持統朝である）。
• The Rekihon was adopted by Shotoku taishi in 604 (N.B. the official adoption of the Rekiho was awaited until the time of Empress Jito).

• そのため、商品経済の現場では正式な貨幣と認められなかったりと、嫌われる傾向が強かった。
• Therefore, shichusen coins were likely not welcome, for example, not accepted as formal coins in payments in the commodity economy.

• 8世紀末になると遣新羅使の正式派遣は途絶えたが、新羅商人の活動はむしろ活発化している。
• Around the end of eighth century, Japanese envoys to Silla were discontinued, but merchants of Silla intensified their activities.

• 当該地区にある寺院名は「かじゅうじ」を正式呼称とするが、地名は「かんしゅうじ」である。
• The official name of the temple in this district is 'Kaju-ji Temple' but the district name is 'Kanshuji.'

• 享保3年（1718年）には幕府から正式に株仲間として公認されるに至り600人を数えた。
• By 1718 they were officially recognized as 'kabunakama' (a merchant guild) with a member population of over 600.

• 貞永式目という名称は後世になって付けられた呼称で、正式には御成敗式目といった方がよい。
• The name Joei-shikimoku was created later, so it is better to call it Goseibai-shikimoku officially.

• 1669年（寛文9年）4月には、正式に隠元の法を嗣ぎ、日本人初の隠元の嗣法者となった。
• In April 1669, he officially took over Ingen's teachings and became the first Japanese who mastered Ingen's esoteric techniques.

• また武蔵府中熊野神社古墳は、現在正式確認されている上円下方墳の中では最大のものである。
• The tumulus is the largest of all the officially confirmed tombs with a dome-shaped mound on a square base.

• 清戸迫横穴は300基以上ある横穴墓群の一つで、正式名称は「清戸迫76号横穴墓」である。
• Kiyotosaku Oketsu Cave is one of more than 300 horizontal decorated cave tumuli cluster and officially called 'Kiyotosaku 76th Oketsu Cave Tomb.'

• あらゆる訓練が終わると、先触れのネズミが、イタチに挑みかかり、正式に宣戦が布告された。
• When all this was done, and the army disciplined, and the herald Mouse had duly proclaimed war by challenging the Weasels,

• しかしながら、越前松平家（藩初代の秀康）への恩義があると言って、正式な独立を固辞した。
• However, he firmly declined to become officially independent saying that he was under an obligation of the Mtsudaira family (Hideyasu, the first lord of the domain).

• 許可を発行する、あるいは正式の許可を与える（特に出版物を認可する人）ことができる当局者
• an official who can issue a license or give authoritative permission (especially one who licenses publications)

• 現代人が扇子を持つ時ついつい要を持ってしまうが、檜扇は要を持たないのが正式な作法である。
• People today tend to hold fans at the pivot, but the formal manner of hiogi is not holding the fan at the pivot.

• この廃使置県によって北海道全体としては初めて正式な行政組織・行政区域を持つことになった。
• With this Haishi Chiken, Hokkaido had a formal administration agency and administrative districts for the first time.

• 1854年から米国船の寄航が認められ、1859年正式開港、元町一帯が居留地と定められた。
• American ships had been allowed to dock since 1854, and in 1859 the port of Hakodate was officially opened, with the area of Motomachi set aside for the settlement.

• なお俗名の「文明」は「ふみあき」が正式名称であるが、｢ぶんめい｣と音読みする場合も多い。
• His secular name '文明' read as 'Fumiaki' was his official name but may often read as 'Bunmei' by its Chinese-derived pronunciation.

• また本山は、「本願寺」が正式名称だが、「西本願寺」との区別の便宜上、「東本願寺」と表記。
• Although the official name of the head temple is 'Hongan-ji Temple,' it is described as 'Higashi Hongan-ji Temple' for convenience to differentiate from 'Nishi Hongan-ji Temple.'
• Although the formal name of the head temple is 'Hongan-ji Temple,' it is described as 'Higashi Hongan-ji Temple' to conveniently distinguish from 'Nishi Hongan-ji Temple.'

• 長唄（ながうた）は、江戸の音曲の一つであり、正式名称は江戸長唄（えど ながうた）という。
• Nagauta is a type of musical genre that first appeared in the Edo period, and it's formal name is therefore Edo Nagauta.

• 内部事務一般を管理する判官である陰陽允は、正式に陰陽大允・陰陽少允のダブル配置となった。
• Onmyo no jo, the position of judge overseeing general internal affairs split into 2 positions; Onmyo no daijo and Onmyo no shojo.

• これは1627年（寛永4）に後水尾天皇のために造営されたもので、正式名称は桜町殿という。
• This was built in 1627 for Emperor Gomizunoo, and its official name is Sakuramachiden.

• 783年（延暦2年）、17歳のとき1月20日に正式な僧侶の証明である度牒の交付を受ける。
• On January 20, 783, at the age of 17, he received the official certification, which validated him as an officially recognized priest.

• 米国のダンサー、振り付け師で、広い聴衆に正式なダンスを紹介した（1905年−1993年）
• United States dancer and choreographer who introduced formal dance to a wide audience (1905-1993)

• 定期的な銀行取り引きや仲買、ビジネスサービスを提供するために設定された正式な契約上の関係
• a formal contractual relationship established to provide for regular banking or brokerage or business services

• 16歳で正式に藩の江戸屋敷に出仕するが、納戸役・使番等など、藩主にごく近い役目であった。
• At 16 years of age he was officially ordered to work at the Edo residence of the Tahara Domain, where the roles he was assigned were those very close to the lord, such as Nando-yaku (being in charge of the lord's personal care) or Tsukaiban (a role similar to that of a liaison).

• ペリー艦隊は6月1日に下田を去り、帰路に立ち寄った琉球王国とも正式に通商条約を締結させた。
• Perry's squadron left Shimoda on June 1 and stopped to sign a treaty of commerce with the Ryukyu Kingdom before returning home.

• 正式開業時の列車本数は日9往復、全線所要時間は53分、表定速度は32.8km/hであった。
• At time of official opening, the train ran nine round trips a day, entire travel time was 53 minutes, and scheduled speed was 32.8 km per hour.

• 蝦夷国は正式な令制国ではなく俗称であり、また琉球国は当初大和朝廷の影響が及んでいなかった。
• Ezo province was not a formal area division under the ryosei system but a common area name, and Ryukyu province was not originally under the influence of Yamato Imperial Court.

• しかし、実際には（現代ではほとんど使われていないものの）夏と冬にも正式な呼び名が存在する。
• There are other formal names for use in summer and winter, although they are rarely used today.

• 上記は社頭にて行う略式の参拝であるが、他に、拝殿に上がって（昇殿して）行う正式参拝がある。
• The procedure mentioned above is for informal sanpai done in front of the main building of a shrine; additionally, there is a formal sanpai done (entering) inside the haiden (worship hall).

• 1996年12月、政府は正式に輸出業者に対し、DESを製品に含めていいという許可を与えた。
• In December 1996, the government formally offered exporters the ability to incorporate DES,

• 正式な法名は「僧日文（そうにちぶん）」だが、その縦書きが「僧旻」と誤読されたものが定着した
• While the formal Buddhist name was written as 僧日文 (So Nichibun), the vertical writing of that name was misread as 僧旻 and established as his name.

• 続いて朝廷より、一橋慶喜を幕府の正式な役職としての将軍後見職に任じるように勅諚が下された。
• This was followed by an Imperial decree ordering Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI be appointed Shogun-kokenshoku, as an official position in the Edo shogunate.

• スポーツ競技で競争相手（個人またはチーム）の相対的な位置を示す得点または結果の正式なリスト
• an ordered listing of scores or results showing the relative positions of competitors (individuals or teams) in a sporting event

• 寧波の乱以降、日明貿易の主体は大内氏に移っていたが、形式上は室町幕府の正式な使節であった。
• Although the Ouchi clan actually managed the trade between Japan and the Ming Dynasty in China after the Neiha war, it was formally an official envoy of the Muromachi bakufu.

• だが、現在では正式の地区名ではないが、その後も「元学区」として、地区の呼称に用いられている。
• Yet the inhabitants still use the 'former school district names' as unofficial local nicknames.

• 明治維新後も流通したが、明治24年（1891年）12月31日を最後に正式に通用停止となった。
• Although it circulated even after the Meiji Restoration, it was officially forbidden to be used on December 31, 1891.

• 正式には50cmの竹輪に赤布を巻きつけ、細工ものと柳川まりを交互に7列7個の49個をつるす。
• Formally, one ties a red cloth around a 50 cm long chikuwa (tube shaped fish sausage) and hangs a total of 49 - seven rows of seven - Yanagawa mari (cotton balls wound tightly with multicolored threads) and other small objects on it.

• 赤ちゃんに「白羽二重」の着物を着せ、紋の付いた祝い着を上から羽織らせる形が正式なものである。
• The formal dress for a baby is wearing a congratulatory kimono jacket with a family crest on top of white 'habutae,' a thin, soft, durable Japanese silk Kimono.

• ただし、実際には大老井伊直弼が形式的に擁立したもので正式な役職でもなく、実権も有しなかった。
• However, it was a formal post created by the Tairo (chief minister) Naosuke II, without any real power or official recognition.

• 再生のために特にフィルムまたはテープ上での永久的な形態で書き留められるまたは正式に登録される
• set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction

• のち雪舟も出家した井山の宝福寺 (総社市)満足庵で正式に出家し、その後京都の東福寺に移った。
• After that, Daiki formally became a priest in Manzoku-an hermitage in Hofuku-ji Temple in Iyama (currently, Soja City) where Sesshu also had become a priest and Daiki later on moved to Tofuku-ji Temple in Kyoto.

• それを海図作成を行っていた水路部 (日本海軍)が正式に橘湾と記載するようになったものである。
• The Hydrographic Department (of the Imperial Japanese Navy), which was compiling a nautical chart at that moment, officially adopted the entry 'Tachibana-wan Bay' on the chart.

• 27年中編「息子の青春」を監督し、28年木下が脚本を手がけた「まごころ」で正式に監督に昇進。
• In 1952, he directed a short film 'Musuko no seishun' (My Son's Youth), and he was officially promoted to a director with 'Magokoro' (Sincerity), the script of which Kinoshita wrote, in 1953.

• 3月21日、家康は二条城で正式な将軍宣下を受け、3月25日には参内して将軍拝賀の礼を述べた。
• On March 21, Ieyasu was officially appointed to shogun at Nijo-jo Castle, and on March 25, he visited the Imperial court and expressed his gratitude for having been appointed to shogun.

• 26歳の時長崎旅行を企て、 大坂の木村兼葭堂に立ち寄り、釧雲泉より正式な南画の指南を受けた。
• He planned a trip to Nagasaki and visited Kenkado KIMURA in Osaka when he was 26 years old, and he received formal instructions from Unzen KUSHIRO.

• 通称は、三郎、備後三郎で、備後守とも呼ばれることがあるが正式な官位ではなく単なる通称である。
• He is generally called Saburo or Bingo Saburo, and he is sometimes also called Bingo no kami (provincial governor of Bingo), which is actually not his official court rank but just a nickname.

• 「不改常典」は法の正式名称ではなく、この法に言及した即位詔の一節からとられた歴史学用語である。
• Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten' is not its formal name, but a historical term derived from one phrase used in the imperial edicts upon enthronement.

• （有）日本ヴァイオリン研究所大正琴全国普及会が運営し、組織の正式名称は琴伝流大正琴全国普及会。
• The school is operated by Nihon Violin Kenkyusho Taishogoto Zenkoku Fukyukai and the official name of the organization is Kindenryu Taishogoto Zenkoku Fukyukai (Extension Association of Kinden school of Taishogoto).

• 正式名は五衣唐衣裳（いつつぎぬ、からぎぬ、も）、または女房装束（にょうぼうしょうぞく）という。
• It is formally called 'itsutsuginu karaginu mo' (meaning 'a costume consisting of five uchigi robes, a Chinese style jacket and a train') or 'nyobo shozoku' (meaning 'women's court costume').

• そのため、婚礼や式典、葬儀など正式な場面での使用は厳禁で、マナーに外れ失礼とする考え方もある。
• Therefore, there are views that using obidome in formal occasions such as a wedding or funeral ceremony was strictly prohibited, because it was considered to be rude and bad-mannered.

• その人の能力と信頼性を記述する前の雇用者による将来の雇用者になるかもしれない人への正式な推薦状
• a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability

• 政府による正式表記（内閣告示、宮内庁告示など官報における記載）は「皇太子○○親王妃××」となる。
• The formal representation (description in official gazettes, such as cabinet notifications and Imperial Household Agency notifications) by the government is 'crown prince xx imperial princess xx'.

• なお、「光明皇后」というのは諡号や追号の類ではなく通称で、正式な尊号は天平応真仁正皇太后という。
• Empress Komyo' was not a shigo (posthumous title) or a posthumous title, but a common name, and her formal honorary title was 天平応真仁正皇太后 (Empress Dowager Tenpyo Oshinninsho).

• 天親（世親）撰述の『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈』（正式名『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈』）の註釈書である。
• This is a commentary on 'Treatise on the Pure Land' (its formal name: 'Muryoju-kyo Ubadaisha Ganshoge' [Upadesa on the Sutra of Immeasurable Life]) written by Tenjin (Seshin) (Vasubandhu).

• 翌嘉永5年（1852年）には姉夫婦の養子として正式に入籍し、こののち本沢姓を名乗るようになった。
• In the following year, 1852, he had his name formally entered into his elder sister's family register as an adoptee, and thereafter bore the family name Motosawa.

• そして、戦後になって西本願寺を長とする真宗本願寺派は浄土真宗本願寺派と正式に名乗るようになった。
• After WWII, the Hongan-ji school of the Shinshu sect, whose head temple is Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, began to use 'the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect' as its formal name.

• 天正13年（1585年）1月、毛利氏が秀吉に正式に臣従する際の交渉を務めて、秀吉から賞賛された。
• He was praised by Hideyoshi because he was in charge of negotiations when the Mori clan formally entered service as a vassal of the Hideyoshi in January 1585.

• - 中南米の休日の公園などでよく見られ、大抵は正式な資格を持った看護士が副収入として行っている。
• These are commonly seen in parks at weekends in South and Central America, and are often performed by nurses with formal qualification for additional income.

• 妖精の儀式で正式な礼儀作法を習っていましたので、優雅に立ちあがってウェンディにお辞儀をしました。
• having learned the grand manner at fairy ceremonies, and he rose and bowed to her beautifully.

• 昭和61年に千家への出仕を許され、女性として初めて正式に千家十職当主として認められた人物となる。
• In 1986, she was allowed to serve the Senke Family and became the first woman who was officially recognized as the head of a Senke Jisshoku Family.

• 原典は江戸時代に作られた浮世絵や浄瑠璃で、正式に武田家中で二十四将と言う区分や呼称は存在しない。
• `The Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda' originally came from Ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints) or Joruri (dramatic narrative chanted to a samisen accompaniment), and the official category or name of Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda family didn't exist.

• 588年（敏達天皇17年）正式に受戒するため朝鮮半島の百済に渡り、受戒した後590年に帰国した。
• In 588 (in the 17th year of Emperor Bidatsu's reign), Ezen-ni sailed to Baekje on the Korean Peninsula to receive a formal religious precept, then came back to Japan in 590.

• これは、正式な宣旨ではなく院宣と検非違使別当宣（別当は待賢門院の兄・三条実行）によるものだった。
• This was not by official Imperial edict, but by the Retired Emperor's edict and the Kebiishi betto (Superintendent) 's edict. (At that time, the brother of Taikenmonin, Saneyuki SANJO was the betto).

• 江戸幕府に対する朝鮮通信使が派遣されて正式の和平が果たされたのは慶長12年（1607年）であった。
• It was in 1607 that Chosen Tsushinshi to Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was dispatched and formal peace was made.

• 河川法上は一級水系「淀川水系」に属する一級河川であり、正式名称は「一級河川琵琶湖」として扱われる。
• In the River Act, Lake Biwa is a class A river belonging to the first-class rivers of 'the Yodo-gawa River system,' and is officially described as 'Lake Biwa, a class A river (一級河川琵琶湖).'

• 江戸時代初期に八坂神社の門前で水茶屋を営業したのが始まりで以後、花街として発展し正式に許可された。
• Gion Kobu started with the opening of a tea house in front of the gate of the Yasaka-jinja Shrine in the beginning of the Edo period; thereafter, Gion Kobu flourished as a hanamachi and received official approval.

• 正式名称は西新屋敷で6つの町（上ノ町、中之町、中堂寺町、太夫町、下之町、揚屋町）で構成されている。
• The official name of the hanamachi is Nishi Shinyashiki, and it is comprised of the six towns of Kamino-cho, Nakano-cho, Chudouji-cho, Tayu-cho, Shimono-cho and Ageya-cho.
• The official name of the hanamachi is Nishishinyashiki, and is comprised of the six towns of Kamino-cho, Nakano-cho, Chudoji-cho, Tayu-cho, Shimono-cho and Ageya-cho.

• その後、家康は慶長12年（1607年）に駿府城を正式に居城とするまで、この伏見城を拠点としている。
• Ieyasu made Fushimi-jo Castle his base, until officially selecting Sunpu Castle in 1607.

• （最初の正妻は葵の上。紫の上は正式な結婚手続きを踏んでいないため、正妻格に留まるとする説が有力）。
• (His first lawful wife was Lady Aoi. According to a prominent theory, Lady Murasaki's status is regarded as only remaining eligible to be a lawful wife because she did not go through the proper marriage process.)

• 彼らは先進的な部民共同体の中で戸を単位に編成され、6世紀には籍帳に登載されて、正式に氏姓をもった。
• They were organized making each house one unit in an advanced community of people who belonged to the Yamato Regime; in the sixth century, their family name and hereditary titles were written down in their register book; in this way they had an official family name and hereditary title.

• 第二次世界大戦後は「五ガロン缶」という名称が広まったが、後に「18リットル缶」が正式名称とされた。
• After World War II, it was widely called as 'go-gallon kan' (can of 5 gallons), and later, it was formally renamed into 'Juhachi-liter kan' (can of 18 liters).

• 義介が正式に永平寺の世代に数えられたのは、さらに時代が下り江戸時代後期になってからとする説もある。
• There is even a theory that it was late in the Edo period that Gikai was officially counted as one of the successive chief priests of Eihei-ji Temple.

• 前作完結後に「外伝」として「花よりも花の如く」「天の響」の2編が描かれた後、正式に連載が始まった。
• After the completion of 'NATURAL,' 'Hanayorimo Hananogotoku' and 'Tenno Hibiki' (Hear in Heaven) were drawn as side stories, and then the 'Hanayorimo Hananogotoku' series was officially started.

• 基本形は竹組みの亀甲型の本体に、頭（正式名称：「かぶ」）と尾（同：「剣」）を取り付けたものである。
• The basic float consists of the following parts: a main body made of bamboos in the form of a tortoise's shell, a head (formally called 'kabu'), and a tail (formally called 'ken').

• 正式名称は袙衣（あこめぎぬ）と言い、肌着と表着の間に「相籠めて」着ることから、その名があるという。
• It is formally called 'Akomeginu' as Akome is worn between undergarment and outer garment (stuffing up or covering something is pronounced 'aikomete' in old Japanese.)

• ジョン・ネイピアによって発明された方法で乗除の計算をするのに用いられる正式な一組の目盛りのついた棒
• a set of graduated rods formerly used to do multiplication and division by a method invented by John Napier

• 安元3年（1177年）10月に権中納言となり、寿永2年（1183年）4月からは正式な中納言に就任。
• In between October - November 1177, he was appointed Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state), and from May 1183, he was officially appointed Chunagon (vice-councilor of state).

• また、正式には「太皇太后宮」「皇太后宮」とともに「皇后宮」と呼ばれ、総称して后位（さんぐう）という。
• Also, 'Taikotaigogu' and 'Kotaigogu' were both officially called 'Kisainomiya' and they are called 'Sangu' in general terms.

• この名の正式な読みかたは今もって不明であるが、角田文衞の説によりノリコとするのが一般的であるようだ。
• The official pronunciation of this name is unknown, but it seems to be 'Noriko' in general according to the theory of Bunei TSUNODA.

• 『古事記』の書名は、もともと固有名詞ではなく古い書物を示す一般名であり正式名ではないと言われている。
• It is said that the title Kojiki was not originally a proper noun and was a general name that meant an old book, that is to say, it is not an official name.

• 下に着る小袖は、江戸期には正式には熨斗目もしくは帷子（夏季）と定められ、色目にも身分差が設けられた。
• The kosode (small sleeves; the standard size kimono of today) put on below was decided to be noshime (a plaid kimono), or katabira (light summer garment) which status was distinguished by colors.

• 略式命令を受けた者又は検察官は、その告知を受けた日から十四日以内に正式裁判の請求をすることができる。
• The person who receives the summary order or the public prosecutor may, within fourteen days from the date of receiving notification, request a formal trial.

• 開業40周年に合わせ作られたマスコットキャラクターが、2004年12月たわわちゃんとして正式に誕生。
• A mascot doll that was created for the 40th anniversary of the tower became the official mascot, called 'Tawawa-chan' in December 2004.

• 現在はこの長襦袢が一般的に使われるが、江戸前期ごろまでは半襦袢（後述）が正式な襦袢と考えられていた。
• Until through the early Edo period, hanjuban (to be described later) was considered a formal juban, while nagajuban is commonly used today.

• アンサンブルは、和服の正式な用語としては、同じ布地で縫製した長着と羽織のセットを指す言葉だとされる。
• In the terminology of Wafuku, the ensemble means a set of Nagagi and Haori made of the same cloth.

• 「君もきっと賛成してくれると思うけどね、ワトスン、今回の件は解決せよと正式に依頼された事件じゃない。
• 'I think you must agree, Watson, that it is not a case in which we are called upon to interfere.

• これにより、重盛は国家的軍事・警察権を正式に委任され、清盛の後継者としての地位を名実ともに確立した。
• This event marked an official transfer of the rights associated with national military and police affairs to Shigemori, and he therefore established his position as a successor to Kiyomori.

• 明治19年に秀栄は秀甫の八段を正式に認めて、同時に本因坊を秀甫に譲り、秀甫は18世本因坊秀甫となる。
• In 1886, Shuei officially approved Shuho being 8-dan at the same time he stepped aside to make him to the Honinbo, thus Shuho became the 18th Honinbo Shuho.

• 741年の9月に左京右京が定められ、11月には大養徳恭仁大宮という正式名称が決定され、宮殿が造られた。
• In September 741, the areas for Sakyo (Left Capital) and Ukyo (Right Capital) were designated, and in November of the same year, the official name 'Yamato no kuni no omiya' was decided upon and the Palace was built.

• 仏教の僧尼が度縁を得る際に国家が認めた正式な僧侶であることを認める証明書として公験が朝廷より出された。
• Kugen was issued by the Imperial Court as a certificate that was given to the Buddhist monks and nuns officially approved by the state when they received doen (identification of monk or nun).

• 正式な血統の一族とはみなされないので、本来系図に書かれることもなく、通常は歴史的に登場することはない。
• They were not recognized as a family of true blood line, therefore they were normally not written in a family pedigree nor appeared in the history.

• 両替商・その他商人は贋金による取引を一切禁じる（贋金が鋳造・流通している事実を内外に正式に公表する）。
• Money-exchange business and other exchanges by merchants using counterfeit money is strictly forbidden (the fact that Japan was coining and circulating counterfeit money would be announced to Japan and foreign countries).

• 1896年3月1日、立憲革新党・大手倶楽部等国権派と合同して進歩党 (日本)を結成し、正式に解党した。
• On March 1, 1896, the party finally merged with some groups that advocated the expansion of the sovereignty, including Rikken Kakushin-to and Ote Kurabu, to form a unified party Shimpo-to.

• ただし幕府が正式に譲渡・売却を認めた土地や領有後20年を経過した土地は返却せずにそのまま領有を続けよ。
• Provided, however, that a land of which the transfer and/or sale was officially admitted by the bakufu, or which had been possessed for 20 years or more should be possessed continuously as-is without being returned.

• 横浜港は、1859年7月4日正式開港し、まず山下町 (横浜市)を中心とする山下居留地が4年で完成した。
• The port of Yokohama was officially opened on July 4, 1859, and the Yamashita settlement, which had Yamashitacho town (Yokohama city) at its center, was completed in four years.

• 道統（どうとう）とも言い、現在の正式な宗家は平成6年（1994年）に31世を継承した小笠原清忠である。
• This is also known as Doto, and the current official Soke is Kiyotada OGASAWARA, who became the 31st Soke in 1994.

• 中国では、日本と異なり、正式な僧となるには戒律を修めなければならなかったため、古くから研究が行われた。
• Unlike in Japan, learning commandments was necessary for becoming an official priest in China, so that commandments had been researched from ancient times.

• これにより、野口王墓は天武・持統合葬陵として正式に治定され、現代に至るまでその治定は変更されていない。
• As a result, Noguchino Ono-haka Tumulus was formally determined as the joint mausoleum of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jito and that decision remains unchanged to the present.

• 生地は木綿、絹などがあるが、最礼式は羽二重と呼ばれる特殊な絹織物で、無地の場合、色は黒が正式とされる。
• The natural substance of montsuki kosode is cotton, silk or another material, while the best-quality cloth used for the kosode is the special silk cloth called 'habutae' (a smooth, glossy silk cloth that's finely woven), and habutae's formal color is black when the solid-color type is chosen.

• 正式には立回り（歌舞伎）、殺陣（たて。演劇・映画）などと呼ばれ、俗称として「チャンバラ」が用いられる。
• It is formally called tachimawari (stylized fight scene) in Kabuki or tate (sword battle) in theatrical performances as well as movies and commonly called 'chanbara.'

• 一部では正式名称であるかのごとく、そこまではいかないが多くの人の間でも数十年以上にわたり定着している。
• Some people have used 'koryu jujutsu' as if it were the formal name, and many others have used it for decades as a common one, if not a formal one.

• その場合紬はあくまでも普段着であるため、訪問着であっても正式な席には着用できないので注意が必要である。
• As pongee is basically for informal wear, it requires care to avoid from dressing it for formal occasions, even if it is made as Homongi.

• また、鎌倉公方は将軍から任命される正式な幕府の役職ではなく、鎌倉を留守にしている将軍の代理に過ぎない。
• Rather than being an official government position designated by the Shogun, a Kamakura kubo was no more than substitute position while the Shogun was absent from Kamakura.

• 正式な学歴を持たない人々のために開かれる英国の大学で、通信教育、放送、または夏期講習会で授業が行われる
• a British university that is open to people without formal academic qualifications and where teaching is by correspondence or broadcasting or summer school

• 冷泉派の清巌正徹にも和歌を学ぶが、1450年（宝徳2年）正式に二条派の尭孝（ぎょうこう）の門弟となる。
• Tsuneyori studied waka (31-syllable Japanese poems) from Shotetsu SEIGAN of the Reizei sect, and became an official disciple of Gyoko of the Nijo Sect in 1450.

• 日明貿易には、両国により正式の渡航船であることを証明する勘合符が用いられたことから、勘合船とも呼ばれた。
• These ships were also called Kangosen since both governments issued a certificate called Kangofu in order to prove the visiting ships were lawfully registered ships for Nichi-Ming trade.

• 1926年（大正15年）10月には詔書が出され、正式に98代天皇として皇統に加えられ、陵墓も指定された。
• In October 1926, a Shosho (imperial edict, decree) was issued to admit him in the imperial line as the ninety-eighth emperor of Japan, and to designate the imperial mausoleum.

• 大友皇子（弘文天皇）は正式に即位しており、従って壬申の乱は天武天皇による皇位簒奪であったという説がある。
• Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) was coronated officially so there is a theory that says the Jinshin War was the usurpation of the imperial throne by Emperor Tenmu.

• 自身も白村江の戦いの敗戦直後、孫の葛城皇子（後の天智天皇）の正式な即位を見ないまま、664年に薨去した。
• In 664, immediately after the defeat in the Battle of Hakusukinoe, she passed away without being able to see the official enthronement of her grandson, Katsuragi no Miko (who was later to become the Emperor Tenchi).

• 米はもち米のみを使い蒸しあげるのが正式だが炊く場合は仕上りがべたつきやすい為、うるち米を1～2割まぜる。
• Officially, only glutinous rice is used for steaming, but in the case of boiling nonglutinous rice is mixed at the rate of ten to twenty percent of the total, since boiled glutinous rice tends to become too soft and sticky.

• ただし、これは俗称であり、正式なものではない（例祭の名称として「○○神社例大祭」としていることはある）。
• However, this is a colloquial name, not the formal one (although some reisai are popularly referred to as 'xxxx Shrine Rei-taisai Festival').

• ローマ法王によって発表された正式な宣言（通常、古めかしい文字で書かれていて、鉛の教皇印で封印されている）
• a formal proclamation issued by the pope (usually written in antiquated characters and sealed with a leaden bulla)

• 諱は「時存」（「ときひろ」「ときあり」）であり、正式な名のりは平時存(たいら の ときひろ/ときあり)。
• His imina (posthumous name) is '時存' ('Tokihiro' or 'Tokiari') and his formal nanori (self-introduction, announcement of candidature) is TAIRA no Tokihiro/Tokiari.

• 一度だけ江戸城の女中だった浄光院に手を出した際も、正室からの追求を恐れて、静を正式の側室にはしなかった。
• When Hidetada only once had an affair with Jokoin, a maidservant in the Edo-jo Castle, he did not make Shizu (Jokoin) a formal Sokushitsu, fearful of being pursued by his legal wife.

• なお、公純はなぜか生前には正式な婚姻を行わなかったために、これらの子供達はいずれも庶子扱いとされている。
• In addition, since Kinito did not marry formally through his life, the reason of which is not clear, these children were all treated as children born out of wedlock.

• 正式には単に長者（ちょうじゃ）と呼ばれているが、氏長者と紛らわしいために「東寺長者」と呼ばれることが多い。
• To-ji Choja is simply called Choja as an official name, but Choja is often called To-ji Choja because Choja is confused with uji no choja (the head of the clan).

• 正式には旧暦8月15日 (旧暦)であるが、現在は体育の日を最終日とする3日間（土曜日～月曜日）に催される。
• Formally held on August 15 of the old calendar but is now held over three days ending with Health and Sports Day (from Saturday to Monday).

• こうした指導により「浄土真宗」又は「真宗」と呼ばれるようになり、浄土真宗内部では正式には使われなくなった。
• Under Rennyo's instructions, the Jodo Shinshu sect became to be called 'the Jodo Shinshu sect' or 'the Shinshu,' and the name 'Ikkoshu' was no longer formally used inside the Jodo Shinshu sect.

• この工程を正式には蒸きょう（じょうきょう：「きょう」は「食へんに強」）、もしくは杜氏蔵人言葉で蒸しという。
• This step is officially called 'jokyo' ('kyo' is composed of a left radical '食' (eating or food) and a right radical '強' (strong), or 'mushi' (steaming) by the language of toji.

• 昭和24年（1949年）4月3日新たに「日本弓道連盟」を結成、8月2日日本体育協会に正式加盟が承認される。
• On April 3, 1949, the 'Nihon Kyudo Federation' was founded, and on August 2 it was formally accepted as member of the Japan Amateur Sports Association.

• 2007年2月からはクラブの正式名称が京都パープルサンガから京都サンガF.C.に、愛称が京都サンガになる。
• In February, 2007, the formal name of the club was changed from Kyoto Purple Sanga to Kyoto Sanga F.C., and the nickname was changed to Kyoto Sanga.

• しかし、何かもっと要求したい事があれば、それは正式の議会で解決してもらうべきだ。 (使徒行伝 19:39)
• But if you seek anything about other matters, it will be settled in the regular assembly. (Acts 19:39)

• 書面による正式な提案で、（米証券取引委員会に届け出た）証券を売却し、（提案された）事業の計画を発表するもの
• a formal written offer to sell securities (filed with the SEC) that sets forth a plan for a (proposed) business enterprise

• 頼経は嘉禄3年（1226年）、正式に征夷大将軍となる（実朝暗殺以降6年余、幕府は征夷大将軍不在であった）。
• In 1226, Yoritsune formally became the great general 'Seii Taishogun' (the bakufu had not have any Seii Taishogun for more than six years since the assassination of Sanetomo).

• 信長の家臣のうちで正式に叙位任官された者はそれほど多くなく、修理亮や筑前守など従五位前後のものに留まった。
• Not many Nobunaga 's vassals were officially conferred to a court rank or appointed to an office, and most of them were given ranks like Jugoi such as Shuri no suke (assistant officer of the Office of Palace Repairs) and Chikuzen no kami (governor of Chikuzen Province).

• 当初密入国者として渡米した襄であったが、初代の駐米公使となった森有礼によって正式な留学生として認可された。
• Under the auspices of Arinori MORI, Japan's first ambassador to the United States, Joe--who had first entered the U.S. as an illegal immigrant--was officially recognized as a legal foreign exchange student.

• 草壁もまもなく夭折し、鸕野讚良が高市皇子等有力跡継ぎ候補を無視して自ら正式に持統天皇として即位するのである。
• Prince Kusakabe also died young around the same time and Uno no Sarara ignored other rightful successors such as the Prince Takechi and officially enthroned herself to be Emperor Jito.

• 令制国が行政体・地理区分の基本単位として用いられていた時代には、正式にも慣用的にも「国」とだけ呼ばれていた。
• In the age when the term ' Ryosei province ' was used as the basic unit for administrative and geographical division, it used to be called only as 'province' officially and customarily.

• 装束は十二単を下地に製作された、昭和15年に制定されたものが正式とされる（あこめ装束又は本装束と呼称する）。
• The costume that was established in 1940 based on twelve-layered ceremonial kimono is regarded as the official costume for Urayasu no mai and is called akome shozoku or honshozoku.

• ぼくがはじめてギャツビーの屋敷を訪れた夜、正式に招待されてきた客はぼくを入れても数えられるほどだったと思う。
• I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsby's house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited.

• ファンサブ屋たちとちがって、一部の流通者たちはテープの流通を（アメリカで正式ライセンス版が出た後も）続けた
• Unlike fansubbers, some distributors continued distributing tapes.

• 柳沢は正式に老中に就任することは無かったが、老中上座、大老格の名を与えられ、名実共に幕臣最高の位置を占めた。
• Although having never been appointed to Roju, Yanagisawa was given Kamiza (seat of honor) of Roju and the title of Roju-kau (Roju level), occupying the highest post of the bakufu government both in name and reality.

• （惟前・阿蘇惟賢父子は相良氏を頼って逃走、1590年に惟賢が阿蘇惟光への忠誠を誓ったことで抗争は正式に終結。）
• (Koresaki and his son Korekata ASO fled by themselves, turning to the Sagara clan, and the conflict officially ended in 1590 when Korekata swore loyalty to Koremitsu ASO.)

• 古和同は、和同開珎の初期のものとする説と、和同開珎を正式に発行する前の私鋳銭または試作品であるとする説がある。
• One theory explains that Kowado coins were issued in the early Wado-kaichin currency period and the other theory says that Kowado coins were issued as Shichusen (counterfeit money) or as trial coins before Wado-kaichin was officially issued.

• また、同名字でも複数の家紋を使用していることは常識化されていたため、公式に示すための正式な家紋を必要とされた。
• In addition, it was common to use various Kamon among clans that had the same Myoji so official Kamon were needed to show their formal Kamon.

• 現在、正式に「第一旭」を名乗ることを許可されているのは、「第一旭」の公式サイトに紹介されている店舗のみである。
• Only stores officially allowed to use the name 'Daiichi-Asahi' are introduced in an official website of 'Daiichi-Asahi.'

• 的の種類・設置法は、現在は正式に全日本弓道連盟の競技規則（以下競技規則と略称する）によって取り決められている。
• At present the competition rules provided by All Nippon Kyudo Federation (hereinafter referred to as the competition rules) specify the official types of mato and the installation procedures.

• この戦術は、ほかの Linux ハッカーたちはまだ正式に採用していないけれど、でも採用されるべきかもしれない。
• This tactic is not yet systematically imitated by most Linux hackers, but perhaps it should be;

• 最初期から、ファンサブ屋たちは作品がアメリカで正式にライセンスされたら、自分の作品を流通からひきあげた注69。
• From their earliest days, fansubbers would remove their titles from circulation once they were licensed in the United States.71

• 埋葬地である「日向の可愛の山陵」の伝承地は南九州各地にあるが宮内庁は薩摩川内市の新田神社と正式に決定している。
• Although there are several sites in southern Kyushu that are believed to be 'Hyuga no Enoyama no misasagi,' Ninigi's burial place, the Imperial Household Agency has officially declared that Ninigi was buried in Nitta-jinja Shrine in Satsumasendai City.

• 禖子は、後醍醐の冷遇のもとで12歳になるまで元服もできず、正式な命名もされていなかった邦良の第1王子を推薦した。
• Baishi recommended Kuniyoshi's first prince, who was treated coldly by Godaigo, not allowed to have the coming-of -age ceremony until 12 and not yet officially named.

• なお、正式な関白の地位を手に入れる過程で阿衡の紛議という事件が起こり、基経は天皇に謝罪させることに成功している。
• In addition, in the process of obtaining the official post of chancellor, an incident called the Ako Controversy occurred, and Mototsune succeeded in getting an apology from an emperor.

• しかし漢詩集『懐風藻』や『万葉集』には「父・天智が大友皇子を立太子（正式な皇太子と定めること）していた」とある。
• However, according to a collection of Chinese poetry 'Kaifuso' (Fond Recollections of Poetry), and 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), 'his father, Emperor Tenchi, decided that Prince Otomo ought to be the formal Crown Prince.'

• また「上」の呼称が示すように、源氏の正妻格として源氏にも周囲にも扱われるが、正式な結婚披露をした北の方ではない。
• Additionally, 'ue' suggests that she is Genji's legal wife, being treated as such by Genji and other people, but there was never an official announcement of marriage.

• 実隆の時代には公家は政治の実際から外れ、朝儀として正式に行われた儀式は元日を含め、年に数回あるかどうかであった。
• In Sanetaka's time, court nobles kept out of politics, so only a few official ceremonies were conducted by the Imperial court including New Year's Day.

• 2001年、サンノゼ国際空港はミネタを顕彰して正式空港名を「ノーマン・Y・ミネタ・サンノゼ国際空港」と改称した。
• In 2001, San Jose International Airport changed the official name of the airport to 'Norman Y. Mineta San Jose International Air Port' in honor of him.

• 裃において無地の紋付小袖を用いることは江戸期においては略装であったが、現在では正式の着用方法として行われている。
• In the Edo period, one's manner of dress was informal if it used the solid-color montsuki kosode as kamishimo, but today it is recognized as formal dress.

• 半襟をも下着の一部と考えれば、その一部を見せるのが正式の着用法である点で、世界の民族衣装のなかでも例外的である。
• Taking it as a part of underwear, haneri is an exceptional one among various ethnic costumes in the world, because a part of haneri falls into someone's eye when it is formally dressed.

• 正式名称は記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の文化財（きろくさくせいとうの そちをこうずべき むけいのぶんかざい）。
• The formal name is Intangible cultural properties requiring special measures such as the creation of records.

• 1368年（正平23年/応安元年）に評定始が行われ、1369年（正平24年/応安2年）には正式に将軍に就任した。
• In 1368 the Hyojohajime was celebrated, and in 1369 he was installed as Shogun.

• 例えば、通常「ニニギ」と呼ばれる神の正式な神名は「アメニギシクニニギシアマツヒコヒコホノニニギノミコト」である。
• For example, the formal name of the kami usually called 'Ninigi' is 'Amenigishiku ninigishi amatsuhiko hiko hononinigi no mikoto'.

• いずれにせよ、中大兄皇子は667年に近江大津宮に遷都し、668年旧正月1月3日にやっと正式に即位した（天智天皇）。
• In any case, Prince Naka no Oe moved the capital city to Imperial Palace Omi Otsu no Miya in 667, and he finally succeeded to the throne as Emperor Tenchi/Tenji on 3 January, 668.

• 結局夕霧は落葉の宮を正式に妻に迎え、その後は雲居の雁と落葉の宮の邸を一日おきに交互に通うようになった（「匂宮」）。
• Finally, Yugiri legitimately married Ochiba no miya and, after that, he visited the residence of Kumoi no kari and that of Ochiba no miya alternately every other day ('Nioumiya').

• なお、朝倉家亡命中の永禄11年（1568年）4月15日、「秋」の字は不吉であるとし、正式に元服して義昭と改名した。
• Besides, on April 15, 1568, during his exile with the ASAKURA clan, Yoshiaki had a coming-of-age ceremony and formally changed his name's Chinese character Aki from 秋 to 昭, because he thought the letter 秋 was ominous.

• ようやく明の建文帝によりそれまでの懐良親王に代わって日本国王に冊封され、明の大統暦が授与され国交が正式に樹立した。
• Finally Emperor Jianwen of Ming offered a master-and-man relationship (sakuho) to the Japanese sovereign instead of to Prince Kanenaga, with whom Ming had wanted to have contact until then, and when Ming gave the Datongli calendar to Japan, the two countries' diplomatic relations were formally established.

• 的は日置霞（へきがすみ）と呼ばれる独特の模様の物を用い、多人数で射る場合も一つの的を全員で射るのが本来正式である。
• The target, called 'Hekigasumi,' has a peculiar pattern (supposed to be like a human body), and even in the case when there are multiple players shooting, originally only one target is formally set.

• 歩射（ぶしゃ・かちゆみ・「ほしゃ」は正式な読みではない）とは騎射に対しての用語で、騎乗せずに地面に立って行う弓射。
• Busha, Kachiyumi ('Hosha' is not an official reading) is a term against Kisha and is a style of Yumiire done while walking rather than on horseback.

• また猿楽は武家社会における典礼用の正式な音楽（式楽）も担当することとなり、各藩がお抱えの猿楽師を雇うようになった。
• Moreover, Sarugaku came to be the formal music (ritual music) for ceremonies in the community of samurais and each clan came to employ its retained Sarugaku performer.
• Also, Sarugaku became the official music (shikigaku - the music and plays for official ceremonies) for ceremonies held in samurai society, and each domain employed their own sarugaku-shi (sarugaku player).

• 「山卸廃止酛（やまおろしはいしもと）」が正式名称で、その酛で醸造した酒のことも一般に「山廃（仕込み）」と呼ばれる。
• The official name for yamahai-jikomi is 'yamaoroshi-haishi-moto,' and the sake made from the moto is generally called 'yamahai' (yamahai-jikomi).

• 6年後、その功績に報いるために内臣を鎌足の例に倣って内大臣と改め、正式に令外官として位置づけられた大臣職となった。
• In order to reward Yoshitsugu's service, Uchitsuomi was upgraded six years later to Naidaijin modeled after the case of Kamatari, and formally became the ministerial post as a Ryoge no kan.

• が、信長側からの正式な反応が行われる前に本能寺の変が起こったため、信長がどのような考えを持っていたかは不明である。
• However, since the Honnoji Incident occurred before Nobunaga's official response, it is not sure what kind of idea Nobunaga had.

• その後、頼盛は一旦帰京していたらしく、5月3日に改めて亡命としてではなく正式に関東に下向した（『百錬抄』同日条）。
• It seems that Yorimori subsequently returned once to Kyoto, and on June 19, departed the capital for Kanto, not in flight, but in an official capacity (see the entry for the same day in the 'Hyakuren sho').

• 勘合符(かんごうふ)は日明貿易等に用いられた、明と朝貢国間の正式の来貢、通交船であることを証明する明が発行した割符。
• Kangofu was a tally or trading license issued by the Ming dynasty and used in trade, such as the Ming-Japanese trade, to confirm authorized tribute and trade ships between the Ming dynasty and a tributary state.

• まだ小規模ではあったが、日本が初めて西洋文化と直接（中国などを介さずに、正式な形で）触れ合ったという点で重要である。
• It is significant that Japan had the first contact with Western culture (formally, without China, etc., acting as an intermediary), although it was still small in scale.

• 追って享保13年（1728年）6月には皇太后を追贈され、同年11月には所生の昭仁親王が正式に皇太子に立てられている。
• In June 1728, the title Empress Dowager was conferred to her; Her birth child, Imperial Prince Teruhito officially became the Crown Prince in November of the same year.

• 以上が、日本における正式な印すなわち官印というべきものであったが、これに準ずべきものに、郡印、郷印や寺社印があった。
• These were the official seals in Japan, to be called kanin, and there were seals for district, township, and temples and shrines as equivalents of kanin.

• ただし、南朝 (日本)の本拠は全て行宮、すなわち仮の拠点として扱われ、正式な首都は平安京と見なしていたと推測される。
• But it is presumed that the headquarter of Southern Court was treated as Angu (a tentative foothold), and Heian-Kyo was regarded the official capital.

• 日本で正式に文書の様式が定められたのは大宝 (日本)元年（701年）に制定された大宝律令の中の大宝令に於いてである。
• It was in the Taiho-ryo (Taiho Administrative Code) from the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), which was established in 701, that the formal style of documents in Japan was set.

• 1929年12月10日に竣工され、翌年6月1日に「大宮御所」が正式名称として定められて、5日後に貞明皇后が移られた。
• The residence, which was completed on December 10, 1929, was given an official name of 'Omiya Gosho' on June 1 of the following year, and Empress Teimei moved in five days later.

• 元々平安京での正式な皇居は平安京の中央部付近に位置する内裏であったが、戦乱などによって荒廃したために里内裏に移った。
• Originally, the official imperial palace in Heiankyo was Dairi, situated nearby the center of Heiankyo, but after being devastated by wars, the imperial palace was moved to Satodairi (a temporary palace).

• 本来は出家することで正式な仏教徒となるが、多くの日本人の場合は自身の葬儀の場において戒名を得ることにより仏門に入る。
• Those who become priests are supposed to be formally recognized as Buddhists, but many Japanese enter the Buddhist priesthood by receiving posthumous Buddhist names at their own funerals.

• 「もともとしっぽは、指でつまんで食べるための持ち手であり、最後に捨ててしまうものだったので、餡は無いのが正式である」
• As the tail was just a part people held with their fingers when eating and was thrown away at the end, formerly the tail did not contain filling.'

• 正式名称は第○○○回同志社EVEであり、この○○○は同志社設立からの年数であり、「同志社EVE」の開催回数ではない。
• The official name of the festival is 'The XXth Doshisha Eve' where 'XX' is not the number of times of the festival but the number of years since the establishment of the Doshisha.

• 「撥」（鈴棒）は、勤行時以外は「鈴」の中に入れておき、勤行中は鈴台の上、「雲輪」の右側に置くのが、正式な作法である。
• In accordance with the proper manner, 'bachi (rin stick)' is placed in the 'rin' at times other than during religious services and on the right side of 'kumowa' over the rindai during religious services.

• 中世には、正式な宣旨のかわりに、取次ぎが「直衣を着て参内すべし」という手紙（消息）で着用者に通知する方法が一般化した。
• In Medieval times it was common to tell people wearing Noshi 'come to the Palace in your Noshi costume' through a messenger instead of issuing Senshi letter (Shosoku).

• その後1972年（昭和47年）に、東海大学の建学三十周年事業の一環として同大学が一括して購入することが正式に決まった。
• Subsequently, in 1972, Tokai University officially decided to purchase all the books as a part of the 30th anniversary of the university foundation.

• 後に室町幕府の正式な機関となり、足利義満の元で僧録司（そうろくし）と呼ばれて五山派の春屋妙葩が初代の僧録に任じられた。
• This became a formal institution of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and it was decided by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA that the position would be called 'Sorokushi,' being first held by Shunoku Myoha of the Gozan (five highest ranked Zen temples).

• 以上の五箇所に紋があるものを五つ紋と呼び、これが正式の紋付小袖のかたちである（これは大紋の紋の入れ方を受継いだもの）。
• This montsuki kosode, called 'itsutsu-mon' (five-crest type), is the formal style, which is modeled after the style of 'daimon' (a crested formal robe of the Edo period).

• ここで言う沙弥とは、出家してもまだ正式な僧侶になっていない男子を指し、長老とは当時の僧侶の最高峰である国師長老を指す。
• Shami which is mentioned here means men who have not become Buddhist monk even if they have become a priest, and choro means Kokushichoro who were the greatest of all Buddhist monks at the time.

• 1915年、エルンスト・ベルリナー (Ernst Berliner) によってバチルス・チューリンゲンシスと正式命名。
• In 1915, 'Kaiko Sotto-byo-kin' was formally named 'Bacillus thuringiensis' by Ernest Berliner.

• 「法師」と呼ばれるのは、検校は剃髪し、正式な検校専用服(検校服)は僧服に近く、また実際に僧職となる者もいたからである。
• The term 'hoshi' (biwa players in monk attire) derives not only from Kengyo shaving his head and wearing officially designated Kengyo clothing that was similar to monk attire, but also because a number of hoshi did in fact join the priesthood.

• また永寿王丸は征夷大将軍足利義成（後の足利義政）の一字を拝領して「足利成氏」と名乗って正式に第5代鎌倉公方に就任した。
• And also Eijuoumaru was allowed to call himself 'Shigeuji ASHIKAGA (足利成氏)', borrowing one character (成) from the name of Seii Taishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force), Yoshinari ASHIKAGA (足利義成) (later, Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA), and was officially appointed 5th Kamakura Kubo.

• これにより、重盛は国家的軍事・警察権を正式に委任されることになり、清盛の平氏棟梁の地位は重盛に継承されることになった。
• With this order, Shigemori was officially invested with authority over the national military and police forces, and he also succeeded Kiyomori as head of the Taira clan.

• 太政官符（だいじょうかんぷだじょうかんぷ）は、日本の律令制のもとで太政官が管轄下の諸官庁・諸国衙へ発令した正式な公文書。
• Daijokanpu (also known as Dajokanpu) were official documents issued by Daijokan (Grand Council of State) to lower agencies and Kokuga (local offices of the state) under the Ritsuyo system (ancient government system).

• したがって、これらの学区は現在では正式の行政区域ではないが、「元学区」という形で、地域の通称としては現在も使われている。
• Therefore, these school districts are not official administrative district today, but they are still used as aliases of areas in the form of 'former school districts.'

• 平安時代の持ち方を正式に記す資料はないが、絵巻ではたいてい片手で要に近いところを持って胸から顔に近い高さにかざしている。
• Although there is no document left that depicts the formal manner of holding fans in the Heian period, many emaki (illustrated handscrolls) show that people hold fans with one hand by the position near the pivot and to the height of their chest or faces.

• 日本の鉄道は明治5年（1872年）9月12日 (旧暦)（旧暦、新暦だと10月14日）に、新橋駅・横浜駅間で正式開業した。
• Japanese railway was formally opened on September 12, 1872 between Shinbashi Station and Yokohama Station.

• そのため、京都市は円通寺庭園など借景を保護するための眺望条例（正式名称は京都市眺望景観創生条例）を制定するようになった。
• Therefore, Kyoto City established the Landscape Policy (its official name is the Vista View Creation Ordinance) to conserve borrowed landscapes such as that of Entsu-ji Temple Garden.

• また一説では、阿修羅は正義ではあるが、舎脂が帝釈天の正式な夫人となっていたのに、戦いを挑むうちに赦す心を失ってしまった。
• Another theory shows that Ashura's challenges to fight deprived him of the mind to permit Taishakuten in spite of justice though Sashi had already became the lawful wife of Taishakuten.

• 千手観音を「蓮華王」とも称するのは観音の王であるとの意味で、蓮華王院（京都の三十三間堂の正式名称）の名はこれに由来する。
• It means that Senju Kannon is also called 'Rengeo' (lotus king) because it is a king of Kannon, so that the name of Rengeoin (the formal name of Sanjusangendo Temple in Kyoto) originates from this.

• 大和四座は江戸時代に入ると江戸幕府の正式な音楽担当者と位置づけられ、金剛座から分かれた喜多流を加えて四座一流と呼ばれた。
• During the early Edo period, Yamato-shiza was regarded as the official musical function of the Edo bakufu, and it was called Shiza Ichiryu, together with Kita-ryu, which was derived from Kongo-za.

• 東映、TMS、タツノコプロは遅くとも 1978 年にはこうしたクラブに警告を発し、その上映を正式に許可するのを拒否した。
• Toei, TMS, and Tatsunoko confronted them as early as 1978, and refused to authorize their screenings.

• その南北と言う名称にしても、奉行所所在地の位置関係によりそう呼ばれていたということであり、南北は正式な呼称ではなかった。
• The term of kita and minami were used for identifying a location where the bugyo-sho office was placed, and were not used officially

• 1917年には、雁金を井上家跡目とすることが一門で決議されるが、1920年に恵下田栄芳が正式に16世井上因碩を襲名する。
• In 1917, the Inoue school (stable) decided to have Karigane as the successor, but in 1920 Eiho EGATA officially succeeded to the name of Inseki INOUE the 16th.

• なお1632年（寛永9年）肥後の熊本藩に移った忠興は、1642年（寛永19年）に忠隆を居城の八代城に招いて正式和解した。
• Additionally, Tadaoki moved to the Kumamoto Domain in Higo Province in 1632 and invited Tadataka to Yatsushiro-jo Castle to formally reconcile in 1642.

• 明治22年（1889年）に正式に民友社に入ると、明治23年（1890年）2月1日の国民新聞創刊時より政治評論を担当した。
• In 1889, he formally joined Minyu-sha, and from February 1, 1890 when Kokumin Shinbun was first published, he took charge of the section of political criticism.

• 正式名称は二分判（にぶばん）であるが、天保8年(1837年)の一分銀発行以降は「二分金」という名称も普及するようになった。
• The formal name was nibuban, however after the issue of ichibu gin silver coin in 1837, it was also called 'nibukin'.

• ここで成案の草案は正式な詔書となるが、更にこれの複製が作成するとともに弁官によって詔書の実施を命じる太政官符が作成される。
• Then the draft of the final draft became the formal imperial rescript, but a copy of the imperial rescript was created and the daijokanpu (a formal document to issue orders) was also created by benkan to order the enforcement of the imperial rescript.

• しかし、山田宗有らの尽力による民間交流とはうらはらに、とうとうオスマン帝国が滅びるまで正式の国交が結ばれることはなかった。
• However, despite such civilian exchanges supported by Soyu YAMADA and others, formal diplomatic relations were not realized until the fall of the Ottoman Empire.

• 正式には京都府立嵐山公園（亀山地区）というが、公園内の高台に亀山天皇を含む3天皇の火葬塚があるため、亀山公園と通称される。
• Although its official name is Kyoto Prefectural Arashiyama-koen Park (Kameyama District), since it has the cremation mounds of three ancient Emperors including Emperor Kameyama on a hill there, it is commonly called Kameyama-koen Park.

• 襦袢をもし「下着」に分類するならば、見せる着方が正式な着装法とみなされている点で世界の民族の下着の中で例外的な存在である。
• If juban is categorized into 'undershirt,' it is an exceptional example of wearing undershirts in that showing juban is recognized as a formal style.

• 進物にも熨斗鮑を添付するのが正式であるが、次第に簡略化して熨斗鮑を図案化した物を印刷した熨斗紙で済ませることが多くなった。
• Formally shinmotsu (gifts) were usually accompanied by noshi abalone, but as a result of gradual simplification, noshigami (wrapping paper for a present) with painted stylized noshi abalone have come to be used instead of the real thing.

• 唐名は、除目における朝廷の正式な位記等に記されることこそは無かったが、書簡・日記・漢詩など私的な文書には頻繁に用いられた。
• Tang name was not used in a formal Iki (a letter of appointment) in Jimoku (ceremony for appointing officials) of Chotei (Imperial Court) and the like, however, often used in private documents such as letters, diaries, and Chinese-style poems.

• 「～天皇陛下」という場合、正式には His Imperial Majesty (the) Emperor の後に名前を記す。
• When mentioning '～Tenno Heika' officially, the name is mentioned after His Imperial Majesty (the) Emperor.

• 正式には鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代 (日本)の唐橋有雅（位階・大膳職）（1275年 - 1356年）から唐橋の家名を称した。
• The family name of Karahashi was officially given during the time of Arimasa KARAHASHI (Court Rank, the Office of the Palace Table, 1275 - 1356), some time between the late Kamakura period and the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).

• 直壮は領民の移住や集住を奨励し、藩名も正式に櫛羅藩と改めたが、慶応元年（1865年）8月19日に死去し、後を永井直哉が継ぐ。
• Naotaka encouraged the domain population to move and to form clusters and renamed the domain Kujira but died on October 8, 1865, succeeded by Naochika NAGAI.

• 日韓通信業務合同（にっかんつうしんっぎょうむごうどう）とは、正式には「韓国通信機関委託ニ関スル取極書」と呼称する協定である。
• It was an agreement formally called '韓国通信機関委託ニ関スル取極書' (Memorandum Concerning the Commission of Korean Communication Institution).

• 正式には「関西電力宮津エネルギー研究所 丹後魚っ知館」といい、関西電力のPR館として関西電力・宮津エネルギー研究所内にある。
• Uocchi kan is officially called 'Miyazu Energy Research Center, Kansai Electric Power Co. Tango Uocchi Kan', and is an in-house PR hall of the Miyazu Energy Research Center, Kansai Electric Power Co.

• その後1971年（昭和46年）には正式に同協会会長に就任し1999年（平成11年）まで28年もの長きにわたりその職を務めた。
• Then, in 1971, he was officially appointed as chairman of the association and served the position for twenty eight years until 1999.

• 現在では実用されていないが、江戸時代の正式の演能の際には、開演前に大目付がここから舞台上にのぼり、幕に向かって開演を告げた。
• Kizahashi is not practically used today, but in the Edo period, Ometsuke (chief inspector of the Edo bakufu) walked up Kizahashi to the stage before the performance and announced the commencement of the performance in formal Enno (performance of Noh play).

• また、旧暦1月 (旧暦)のことを「正月」と呼び（旧暦では「正月」が正式名、「1月」が異名である）、旧正月を「正旦」ともいう。
• January (the old calendar) of the old calendar is called 'shogatsu' (in the old calendar, 'shogatsu' is the formal name and 'ichi-gatsu' [meaning January] is another name), and the kyu-shogatsu (the old new year's day) is also called 'shotan'.

• 百官名の読みは正式な官名とは若干異なる読みをするので注意が必要である（例蔵人は、官職は“くろうど”、百官名は“くらんど”）。
• Reading of hyakkan na is a little different from that of the official name of a government post, so it is necessary to be careful (for example, 蔵人(Chamberlain) is read 'kurodo' for a government post, but 'kurando' for hyakkan na).

• 1818年には江戸の範囲が地図上に赤い線（朱引）で正式に定められたが、同時に町奉行の管轄する範囲も黒い線（墨引）で示された。
• In 1818, the Edo area was officially specified on a map with a red line (called shu-biki), and at the same time, the area to be controlled by the machi-bugyo was shown with a black line (called sumi-biki).

• 後醍醐には正式な前天皇としての上皇の称号と待遇が与えられ、これで後醍醐には将来治天として政務を執る可能性が生じることになった。
• Godaigo was officially given the title and privileges of the retired emperor as the previous Emperor and Godaigo had the possibility of ruling as Chiten in the future.

• したがって、これらの学区は現在では正式の行政区域ではないが、「京都の元学区」という形で、地域の通称としては現在も使われている。
• Therefore, these school districts are not official administrative district todady, but they are still used as aliases of areas in the form of 'former school districts.'

• 現在では、正式には即位していなかったものの倭姫王（天智天皇の皇后）を立てて、皇太子として称制していたのではないかとの説もある。
• Currently, there is another theory that states that although Emperor Kobun wasn't enthroned formally, he put Yamato hime no Okimi (The empress of Emperor Tenchi) on the throne and administered affairs of the nation as the Crown Prince.

• その後、元禄2年（1689年）頃より、特定の役職に対する役料支給が行われ、同5年（1692年）には役料制度が正式に復活された。
• Then, around 1689, yakuryo for specific posts was re-introduced, and in 1692, the yakuryo system was officially brought back.

• 尊氏は後醍醐から三種の神器を接収して光明天皇を即位させ、2年後の1338年に征夷大将軍に任命されて正式に武家政権を成立させる。
• Takauji seized the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family from Godaigo, had Emperor Komyo accede to the throne, and 2 years later in 1338, he was appointed as seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and formally established a warrior government.

• また、弁官が議政官（公卿）の命令・意向を受けて、正式な太政官符の代わりに弁官名で発給した文書は官宣旨（かんせんじ）と呼ばれた。
• A document which was issued by Benkan under its name by the order and intent of Giseikan (Legislature) (Kugyo [court noble]) instead of official Dajokanpu, was called Kansenji (a government edict).

• 正式名称は不明だが当時の法令を収集した政府刊行の法令全書の目録には、「穢多非人ノ称ヲ廃シ身分職業共平民同様トス」と書かれいる。
• In the catalogue of a complete works book of laws published by the Government whose formal title is not known, it is stated that 'names of Eta and Hinin are to be abolished and their status and trades are to be the same as Heimin (commoner)'.

• 894年に菅原道真の建白による遣唐使廃止以降、中国などとの正式な国交がなくなったことにより、外国からの使節の接待もしなくなる。
• Furthermore, entertaining the envoys from foreign countries became an unnecessary duty for Jibu-sho, because formal diplomatic relationships with China and other countries were cut off after envoys to Tang China were abolished due to a petition drawn up by SUGAWARA no Michizane in 894.

• 国内に対する正式な表明は翌年5月28日 (旧暦)（1869年7月7日）に行われた新政府の上局会議における決定によるものである。
• The formal domestic announcement was a decision made at the conference of a law-making body in the new government on July 7, 1869.

• 朝廷から贈られた正式の諡号（おくりな）は慈恵大師であるが、命日が正月の3日であることから、「元三大師」の通称で親しまれている。
• Although his Shigo (posthumous name) granted by the Imperial Court was Jie Daishi, he was commonly known as 'Gansan Daishi' since the anniversary of his death is January 3rd.

• B: これが仮の身分証明書です。 登録の時に正式の身分証明書をお渡しします。 これはキャファテリアでご使用になれます。
• B: This is your temporary ID card. You'll get a permanent ID at registration. You can use this at the cafeteria.

• 明応6年7月26日に婚儀が行われ、正室として扱われた（当時の公家社会では正式な婚儀を行わなければ正室として認められなかった）。
• After the wedding ceremony held on September 2, 1497, she practically became the lawful wife (in the court noble society at the time, the position of a lawful wife was granted only after the formal marriage ceremony).

• 興福寺に住して法相教学を学び、733年（天平5年）出家者に正式な戒を授けるための伝戒師を招請するため、普照とともに唐へ渡った。
• He learned the Dharmalogy of the Hosso Study at Kofuku-ji Temple, and went to Tang Dynasty of China with Fusho in order to invite denkaishi (teacher who transmits the precepts) to transmit official kai (precepts) to Buddhist priests in 733.

• 長兄・千葉一胤は正式な家督相続前に戦死していたため、氏胤が後を継ぐこととなり、上総国・下総国・伊賀国3カ国の守護職を継承した。
• Eldest son, Kazutane CHIBA died in a battle before official family succession, so Ujitane took over as head of the family and succeeded the position of shugoshiki (military governor) in three provinces, Kazusa Province, Shimousa Province and Iga Province.

• 明治22年（1889年）の旧皇室典範の制定で、皇后の定員が1名となるとともに、正式に「中宮」の称号は廃止され、皇后に統一された。
• When the former Imperial House Law was issued, the capacity for the empress became one, the title 'Chugu' was officially abolished to be unified as 'Kogo.'

• かつて福知山駅と町中心部の河守とを北丹鉄道が結んでいたが、1971年3月2日休止を経て1974年2月28日で正式に廃止となった。
• The Hokutan Railway, which connected Fukuchiyama Station and the center of the town, Komori, halted its operation on March 2, 1971, and officially closed down on February 28, 1974.

• ところが、734年に郡稲以下の官稲が大税に統合されて「正税」が正式な名称となり、例外とされた駅起稲なども739年には統合された。
• However, kanto below gunto was integrated into taizei with the change of its formal name to 'shozei' in 734, and ekikito that had been considered exception was also integrated in 739.

• 正式名称については『銀座書留』などに「貮朱之歩判（にしゅのぶばん）」あるいはこれを略して「貮朱判（にしゅばん）」と記述してある。
• Documents such as 'Ginza Kakitome' (a collection of copies of documents from the organization in charge of casting and appraising silver during the Edo period) describe its formal name as 'Nishu no Buban', or 'Nishu Ban' for short.

• また仏典だけに捉われず、口伝や仏意などを以って弟子を指導することができ、またさらには正式に一宗一派を開くことが出来るともされる。
• Priests are allowed to teach their disciples by using Buddhist scriptures as well as oral instruction and the Buddha's intention and they are also allowed to officially begin a new school and a new sect.

• 伊能は正式に幕府天文方の役人として雇用され、翌文化2年（1805年）の第5次測量からは、幕府直轄事業として行われることとなった。
• INO was officially employed as an officer of Tenmonkata of the Edo Bakufu and his surveys were conducted as operations under direct control of the Bakufu from the fifth survey (in 1805).

• 後世、少年や武家の袴として白や浅葱の大口袴を独立して使うようになったため、正式な肌袴としての大口袴を特に赤大口と呼ぶこともある。
• The authentic okuchi bakama was sometimes called 'akaokuchi,' to differentiate it from white or pale blue okuchi bakama which was later worn by boys or samurai as outer wear.

• これを押領とする満貞との間で合戦に及ぶが、その後、満貞の北朝_(日本)帰順もあり、和談が成立、尊義は正式に東条相続を認められる。
• There was a battle between Takayoshi and Mitsusada who thought Takayoshi invaded the territory, however, Mitsusada returned to his allegiance later to Hokucho (the Northern Court), and Takayoshi was formally approved to succeed to Tojo clan when the settlement was reached.

• 朝鮮側との正式な協議は一度も開かれないまま吉岡は同年7月に草梁館に滞在する日本官吏の引き揚げを命じ、みずからも帰国の途に就いた。
• In July of the same year Yoshioka ordered the Japanese officials in the Wakan to return to Japan and he also left for Japan without having an official talk with Joseon.

• この中山茶臼山古墳（正式名称：大吉備津彦命墓）は土地の人々には御陵や御廟と呼ばれており現在では宮内庁の所管地として管理されている。
• This Nakayama Chausu-yama Tomb (official name: Okibitsuhiko no Mikoto no Haka) is called the Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) or Gobyo (mausoleum for nobles) by local people, and is currently managed under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Household Agency.

• 8月24日には正式な抗議を申し入れたフランス公使レオン・ロッシュと将軍徳川慶喜が大阪城で面会し、事件についての話し合いが行われた。
• A French minister, Léon ROCHES, lodged an official protest and met with Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA to discuss the affair in Osaka-jo Castle on August 24.

• それまで正式の戒壇のなかった日本からの要請にこたえ来日したもので、鑑真は大仏殿西に戒壇院を設立し、聖武天皇や多くの僧に戒を授けた。
• At the request of Japan, where there had been no formal systems for vowing to observe the Buddhist commandments, Jianzhen came to Japan and established Kaidan-in on the west of the Great Buddha Hall, to perform pledging rites for Emperor Shomu and many monks.

• 1926年に読売新聞を通じ、棋正社と日本棋院の間で院社対抗戦（正式名称は日本棋院対棋正社敗退手合）を開始、大正大争碁とも呼ばれる。
• In 1926 through the Yomiuri Shimbun, In (Nihon Ki-in) vs Sha (Kisei-sha) matches (officially called Nihon Kiin Tai Kisei-sha Haitai Teai) were started, which were also called Taisho-daisogo.

• 『羽衣石南条記』によれば、天正7年（1575年）秋、播磨国姫路城に使者として派遣され、正式に織田氏の傘下へ入ることを伝えたという。
• According to 'Ueshinanjoki,' in the autumn of 1579, he was dispatched as an envoy to Himeji-jo Castle in Harima Province, and notified to get under the jurisdiction of the Oda clan officially.

• なお名前の読みとして、「つぐみち」が広く流布しているが、西郷家の子孫によると「じゅうどう」が正式の読みである（エピソードを参照）。
• Although 'Tsugumichi' is widely known as the pronunciation of his name, one of descendants of the SAIGO Family confirmed that his name was officially pronounced as 'Judo' (Refer to Episodes).

• 正式な幕職であるかは不明だが、頼之は軍事指揮者として「中国大将」と呼ばれているほか、地方統轄者としては「中国管領」と呼ばれていた。
• Yoriyuki was referred to as 'Chugoku Taisho' (General of the Chugoku region) for being the military commander and 'Chugoku Kanrei' (the shogunal deputy for the Chugoku region) for being the regional administrator, though it remains unclear whether these were official positions under the bakufu.

• 天正9年（1581年）2月、正式に越中半国を与えられ、翌年の長住失脚により一国守護となり、富山城に大規模な改修を加えて居城とした。
• In February 1581, he was awarded half of the Ecchu Province formally and became Shugo (military commander and administrator of province) due to the downfall of Nagazumi and upgraded the Toyama-jo Castle largely to use it as the headquarters.

• しかし、幕府に認められた正式な豊臣氏の継承者は、高台院が晩年にむかえた養子の羽柴利次（実父は小早川秀秋の兄・木下利房）とされている。
• However, the Toyotomi clan's official successor approved by the bakufu was Toshitsugu HASHIBA, the adoptive son that Kodai-in took in her late life (Toshitsugu's real father was said to be Toshifusa KINOSHITA, Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA's older brother).

• 江戸の市域は「御府内」と呼ばれ、正式な区域は1818年に地図上の朱引きで、さらに町奉行の管轄する区域は墨引きで示されるようになった。
• The urban area of Edo was called 'Gofunai,' and the official borders of Edo cartographically delineated by 'shubiki' (literally 'red-ruled lines.') for the first time in 1818, and the area administered by the town magistrate's office were distinguished by 'sumibiki' (literally 'black-ruled lines').

• この頃、武蔵権守となった興世王は正式に受領として赴任してきた武蔵守百済貞連と不和になり、興世王は任地を離れて将門を頼るようになった。
• At that time, Prince Okiyo, who had become Musashi gon no kami (Provisional Governor of Musashi Province), was on bad terms with the Zuryo (Provincial Governor), KUDARA no Sadatsura; and so he left the place of his assignment and became a follower of Masakado.

• 伝統的な真言宗系当山派の柴燈護摩に柴の字が当てられているのは、山中修行で正式な密具の荘厳もままならず、柴や薪で檀を築いたことによる。
• The reason why the character 柴 (brushwood) is used for saitogoma (柴燈護摩) of the traditional Shingonshu sect Tozan school is that they made a ceremonial mound with brushwood and firewood because they could not decorate even esoteric tools due to the ascetic practice in the mountain.

• 室町時代以降、守護大名の間において武功ある家臣や被官に対して、朝廷の正式な位階や除目の伴わない、非公式な官名を授ける風習が生まれる。
• After the Muromachi period, shugo daimyo started the custom of granting unofficial names of government post without official Ikai (Court rank) and Jimoku (appointment ceremonies) from the Imperial Court, to vassals and hikan (low-level bureaucrats) who had made military exploits.

• 諱は応迅（まさはや）であり八木応迅といい、本姓は日下部氏であることから朝臣としての正式な名のりは日下部応迅（くさかべの まさはや）。
• His imina (real name) was Masahaya, so his name was Masahaya YAGI and, as his family was part of the KUSAKABE Clan, his official name as Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles) was KUSAKABE no Masahaya.

• 1793年に林述斎（じゅっさい）が林家をついで大学頭となると、それまで林家の家塾だった「湯島聖堂」が、正式に幕府直轄の学問所となった。
• In 1793, when Jussai HAYASHI inherited the Hayashi family and became Daigaku no kami, 'Yushima Seido,' which had been a government-backed school operated by the Hayashis, officially became Gakumonjo (a school) under the direct control of the bakufu.

• 南北朝を統一し、安定政権を築いた足利義満が、正式に明からの冊封を受けることで、15世紀初頭から日明貿易（勘合貿易）が開始するのである。
• The trade between Japan and the Ming Dynasty in China (the tally trade - between Japan and the Ming Dynasty) started from the early 15th century when Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA who unified the Northern and Southern Courts and established his stable political administration officially received sakuho (homage by Chinese emperors) from Ming Dynasty.

• 明治4年（1871年）7月25日、家督を熾仁親王に譲り正式に隠居した後も、神道総裁や皇典講究所（國學院大學の前身）総裁などを歴任した。
• After he stepped down from his position as the head of the family and Imperial Prince Taruhito officially succeeded the family on September 9, 1871, he still held various positions such as the governor of Shinto and the controller general of the Research Institute for the Japanese Classics (the forerunner of present-day Kokugakuin University).

• 下袴は室町末期に至っても親王元服などの記録に見られるが、江戸初期には一旦衰退し、江戸中期以降、単などを重ねる正式な着装に限り使用した。
• There was a record from the late Muromachi period stating that Shita bakama was worn at the coming-of-ceremony for Imperial Princes, but it became uncommon to wear them in the middle of the Edo period, they were only worn in formal style together with Hitoe.

• 懸緒は和紙製の紙縒（こびねり）が正式で、蹴鞠で知られる飛鳥井家の考案で組み紐を使う組懸（くみかけ）が勅許を得たもののみ略式に使われた。
• Strings called kobineri, which were made from traditional Japanese paper, were official kakeo, but kumikake (strings made from twine) were also used informally only when Imperial sanction was given, and this kumikake type was developed by the Asukai family, who was well known for kemari (a game played by aristocrats in the Heian period).

• 本来の位階よりも高い位階が担当すべき任務を命ぜられた場合に行われ、その任務の成果次第によってはその位階が正式に叙せられる場合があった。
• Shakui was conducted when an official was given an assignment which should be performed by higher-ranking officials, and in some cases he was formally promoted to that higher rank if he succeeded in the assignment.

• なお正式名称は「京都府立関西文化学術研究都市記念公園」という長いものだが、本項では一般的な愛称である「けいはんな記念公園」で記述する。
• Its official name is long, 'The Kyoto Prefectural Park Commemorating the Establishment of Kansai Science City,' and descriptions here are made using the general nickname of 'Keihanna Commemorative Park.'

• （この立場は正式には日本政府に伝達されていないが、この論争の仲介、調停、仲裁裁判または司法解決に提出されることで明かされるであろう。）
• (This position has never been formally communicated to the Japanese Government but might well come to light were this dispute ever submitted to mediation, conciliation, arbitration or judicial settlement.)

• 下文が訴訟の判決、裁許状など効力が永久的になる正式文書であるのに対し、御教書は通達や緊急の命令などで、文書としての格は劣るものとされた。
• As a Migyosho was a notice or emergency order, its status as a document was inferior to a Kudashibumi (a document issued by a superior or office), which was an official document and effective indefinitely as a court ruling, license proof, etc.

• 日本側は台湾総督安藤利吉が、中華民国側は陳儀がそれぞれ全権として出席し降伏文書に署名され、台湾省行政長官公署が正式に台湾統治に着手した。
• Rikichi ANDO, then Governor-General of Taiwan and Yi CHEN were present representing Japan and China, respectively, and signed a surrender instrument, after which Taiwan province administrative office officially started to work on the control of Taiwan.

• 天皇は伴善男を信頼していた為、事件を解決した良房に遠慮する形で既に貞観6年（864年）に元服していたにも関わらず、正式に摂政に任命した。
• Because the Emperor trusted TOMO no Yoshio, after Yoshifusa sorted out the incident, the Emperor officially appointed Yoshifusa as a regent to spare his feelings, although Emperor Seiwa celebrated his coming of age in 864.

• 修二会と呼ばれるようになったのは平安時代で、奈良時代には十一面悔過法（じゅういちめんけかほう）と呼ばれ、これが今も正式名称となっている。
• The event came to be called Shuni-e during the Heian period, though it had been called Jyuichimen Keka Ho during the Nara period, and even now it is the official name.

• 現在のところ発掘調査によって正式に確認されている上円下方墳は、武蔵府中熊野神社古墳を含めて全国で5例しかなく、きわめて稀少な墳形である。
• At present, tombs with a dome-shaped mound on a square base officially confirmed through research excavations amount to only five in Japan, including the tumulus under consideration, and are therefore very rare.

• 中世には貴族出身者はさげ尼と称して、髪を肩の辺りで削いで「尼」となることができた（勿論、授戒が受けられないために正式な尼にはなれない）。
• In medieval times, aristocratic women could become 'ama' called Sage Ama by having her hair cut around shoulders (of course they couldn't become ama formally because they could not be given the precepts of Buddhism).

• 早雲は、領国支配の強化を積極的に進めた最初期の大名であり、かつ伊豆一国を支配しながら室町幕府から正式な伊豆の守護として任じられなかった。
• Soun was one of the first feudal lords who actively strengthened the rule of regional territories and ruled over Izu, although he was never officially appointed to serve as the Muromachi Shogunate's representative..

• また翌年の慶長6年、島津家では一向宗禁止令が出され（義久、義弘、忠恒の連名による正式な通達として）、その後の「かくれ念仏」の原因となった。
• The next year in 1601, the Shimazu family issued a ban on the Ikko sect (a formal notice with the names of Yoshihisa, Yoshihiro and Tadatsune), and ultimately this became the cause of the later 'hidden chanting.'

• 西欧キリスト教社会などの一夫一婦制度を採る世界では、皇帝の妻は正式には一人しか存在せず「皇后」または「皇妃」と訳されることが一般的である。
• In societies with the monogamous system, such as the West European Christian societies, there is only one official wife of the emperor and it is common to be translated as 'Kogo' or 'Kohi,'

• しかし、さすがに朝廷や幕府など公式な場で用いるわけにはいかず、官途私称を憚る目的から、正式な官途名を工夫して、略して称する習慣が生まれた。
• As might be expected, however, such name could not be used at official places like the Imperial Court or the bakufu (Japanese feudal government), so with the intention to avoid privately using the government post names, a custom was born to use abbreviations of official government posts.

• 楽人の正式な装束は衣冠、又は狩衣が原則であるが、明治以降に楽部が直垂を制定して以降は神社仏閣や民間の伝承団体でも直垂を着用する場合が多い。
• Although the official costume of a player is principally Ikan (costume worn by court nobles and officers when they are on duty at the Imperial Palace) or Kariginu (informal clothes worn by court nobles and officers), shrines and temples, as well as private tradition groups mostly use Hitatare (a kind of traditional Japanese clothes), in keeping with the Gakubu section assigned to Hitatare after the Meiji period.

• 正式には和服の慣例に準じ、男性は黒の5つ紋付の長着に縞袴、女性は紋付の黒または色留袖に襠袴だが、規定は無くそれ以外が着用されることも多い。
• Officially, men wear black nagagi (full-length garments) with five family crests and striped hakama, and women wear black or color tomesode (formal dress patterned only below the waistline, as worn by a married woman) with family crests and machi hakama, following the code for traditional Japanese clothing; but there are no rules and often different clothing is worn.

• 17日には正式に武家伝奏などへ天皇の病名を発表、以後、天脈拝診の資格を持つ15人の医師を下記の3班に分け、24時間体制での治療が始まった。
• On December 17 (in old lunar calendar), the official announcement regarding the name of the Emperor's disease was made to bukedenso (Imperial official in charge of communication between the shogunate and the court) and others, and after that, 15 qualified doctors for Emperor's examination were divided into three groups and around-the-clock medical treatment started.

• かくして観世座から世阿弥父子の勢力は一掃され、これを受けて永享5年、音阿弥は正式に観世大夫の地位に就き、名実ともに能楽界の第一人者となる。
• Zeami and Motomasa were removed from the Kanze guild, and Onami officially gained the position of Kanze-dayu in 1433 to become a pioneer in the world of nogaku (the art of Noh).

• 1886年（明治19年）、7月30日、方円社と和解して、本因坊秀甫の八段を正式に認め、同時に本因坊を秀甫に譲って、自らは土屋秀栄を名乗る。
• In July 30, 1886, Shuei reconciled with Hoensha and officially approved the eighth dan level to Honinbo Shuho, and at the same time he transferred the title of Honinbo to Shuho and called himself Shuei TSUCHIYA.

• 一方、鹿児島から帰京した川村中将から西郷軍の問罪出兵の報を得た政府は2月19日、鹿児島県逆徒征討の詔を発し、正式に西郷軍への出兵を決定した。
• On the other hand, Vice Admiral KAWAMURA returned from Kagoshima to Tokyo and reported to the government that Saigo's army was approaching to censure the government; and on February 19, the government issued an Imperial edict to defeat the rebels of Kagoshima and formally decided to dispatch troops against Saigo's army.

• 清規（しんぎ）は正式には清浄大海衆 規矩準縄（しょうじょうだいかいしゅう きくじゅんじょう）と言い、仏教の一宗派である禅宗の集団規則である。
• Shingi (Monastic regulations in the Zen Sect), which is formally called Shojodaikaishu kikujunjo, is the regulations of a group of the Zen sect (a sect of Buddhism).

• 1832年のコンスタンティノープル条約でオスマン帝国から正式に独立したギリシア王国では、オソン1世治下の1834年に「記念物法」を施行した。
• In the Kingdom of Greece which became officially independent from the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Constantinople in 1832, the 'Monuments Law' was enacted under the reign of Otto von Wittelsbach in 1834.

• 1992 年頃、ぼくはオハイオのコードの相当部分を正式に公式 Emacs Lisp ライブラリに組み込もうとして、かなりまじめに取り組んだ。
• I made one serious attempt around 1992 to get a lot of the Ohio code formally merged into the official Emacs Lisp library.

• 1883年、時代の混乱期に13歳にして集落の小学校の代用教員として奉職するも、正式な小学校教員が赴任してきた為、2年あまりで辞め農業に戻る。
• In 1883, when times were chaotic, he held a position as a substitute teacher in the village elementary school at age of 13, but resigned and returned to farming after about two years when a formal elementary school teacher was assigned.

• 嘉禄元年（1225年）、幕府の陰の実力者であった北条政子が死去したため、翌年1月に鎌倉に下向していた子の頼経は正式に征夷大将軍に任命される。
• Since Masako HOJO who was the pulling the strings of the bakufu, passed away in 1225, his son, Yoritsune, who was in Kamakura since last January, was officially assigned to be seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians').

• 三条制札事件の功労によって正式隊士となり、伍長に昇格するが、慶応3年(1867年)には伊東甲子太郎らと同意して新選組を離脱、御陵衛士を結成。
• In appreciation of his service in Sanjo-ohashi Bridge Noticeboard Incident, he became a regular member and was promoted to a corporal, however he broke away from the Shinsengumi with Kashitaro ITO and other members in 1867, and formed Goryo-eji.

• これらの荘園整理令はある基準年以降の新立荘園を停止する一方、それ以前に発生していた国免荘を臨時課税の対象として正式に公認化するものでもあった。
• These Manor Regulation Acts prohibited establishment of new shoen after the designated base year, while legalizing these extraordinary taxes that were to be imposed on kokumen no sho created prior to the base year.

• しかし、正式に中御門を家名としたのは、宗家の曾孫にあたる中御門宗雅・中御門宗実兄弟が宗俊の笙・笛の才能と名声を慕って付けたものと言われている。
• It is believed, however, that the family adopted Nakamikado as their official family name because Muneie's great-grandsons, Munemasa NAKAMIKADO and Munezane NAKAMIKADO (who were brothers), changed their family name to Nakamikado out of respect for Munetoshi's talent and fame in playing the sho and the Japanese flute.

• 人足寄場（にんそくよせば）、正式名称火付盗賊改方人足寄場（かやくがたにんそくよせば）とは江戸幕府の設置した軽罪人・虞犯者の自立支援施設である。
• Ninsokuyoseba, Hitsuke Tozoku Aratame-kata Ninsokuyoseba by formal name, was a self-support facility set up by the Edo Shogunate for minor offenders and those who are likely to commit crimes.

• 蛍兵部卿宮の死後は、紅梅 (源氏物語)（柏木の弟）が始め人目を憚って通い、一時は世間から非難されたりもしたがやがて正式に結婚し北の方となった。
• After the death of Hotaru Hyobukyonomiya, Kobai (younger brother of Kashiwagi) began to visit her, though he was worried about being seen, and he was accused by people for a while, but before long were formally married.

• 連子は天智天皇の正式な即位を見ないまま死去し、赤兄ともう一人の弟である蘇我果安は壬申の乱で弘文天皇側について敗れ、それぞれ流罪・自害となった。
• Murajiko died before Emperor Tenchi was officially enthroned, and Akae and his other younger brother SOGA no Hatayasu both of whom took the side of Emperor Kobun during the Jinshin War were respectively deported and prompted to commit suicide upon their defeat.

• ちなみに御前会議での決定は、直ちにそのまま国家意思の決定となるのでなく、改めてその内容について、正式の手続（例えば閣議）にはかる必要があった。
• Decisions made in Gozenkaigi could not be effective immediately as intentions of the state, and to put decisions in force, they were required to go through due formalities (such as being adopted during a cabinet meeting) after Gozenkaigi.

• 香道においては香を「聞く」と表現するのが正式であり、「嗅ぐ」という表現は誤りである（不粋とされる）ため、本稿においても「聞く」と表現している。
• Since the term 'Ko wo Kiku (listening to burning incense)' is officially used and the term 'Ko wo Kagu (smelling incense)' is wrong (not considered elegant) when burning incense, the term 'Kiku' is also used.

• 1927年（昭和2年）に株式会社化、1931年（昭和6年）からの正式社名は大日本自由映画プロダクション（だいにっぽんじゆうえいが-）であった。
• The production company was incorporated in 1927 and its official name became Dainihon Jiyu Eiga Productions in 1931.

• 「弓道教本」では射法八節を定め、大日本武徳会で制定された「弓道要則」の統一打起し（中間打起し）を正式に廃し、正面・斜面の打起し方法を採用した。
• In the 'Textbook of Archery,' Shaho hassetsu was defined, and the united uchiokoshi (intermediate uchiokoshi) in the 'Kyudo-yosoku,' which was established in the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai, was officially abolished, so that the Shomen and Shamen uchiokoshi methods were adopted.

• 宮中行事では黒が｢喪の色」とされており黒留袖は着用しない慣例になっているため、叙勲その他の行事で宮中に参内する場合、色留袖が正式とされている。
• As black is regarded as a mourning color in the Imperial Court, Kurotomesode is customarily avoided to attend a function of the Court, instead, Irotomesode is regarded as formal wear to attend Imperial Court functions like the conferment ceremony of the decoration.

• でもこの方法は、バトンタッチされるよりも危ういもので、ユーザコミュニティから見て相当な改良を加えない限り、正式に認められたと思っちゃいけない。
• This, however, is less secure than being passed the baton, and you cannot expect to be considered fully legitimate until you have made substantial improvements in the sight of the user community.

• 奴婢制度そのものは、律令制によって正式に国家の制度に取り込まれるが、それ以前からも良民と賤民は区別されており、賤民はさまざまな制限を受けていた。
• The slavery system itself was officially incorporated in the national system under the ritsuryo system, but there had been a discrimination between Ryomin and Senmin before that time, and various kinds of limitations were put on Senmin.

• 寛永3年（1626年）に常陸国水戸の富商・佐藤新助が、江戸幕府と水戸藩の許可を得て鋳造したのが始まりだが、この時はまだ、正式な官銭ではなかった。
• In 1626, Shinsuke SATO, a rich merchant in Mito, Hitachi Province, started minting this coin upon obtaining the permission of Edo bakufu and Mito Domain, but this coin was not a coin officially permitted by the government yet at this time.

• 1173年（承安 (日本)3年）には摂津国福原京の外港にあたる大輪田泊（現在の神戸港の一部）を拡張し、3月に正式に国交を開いて貿易振興策を行う。
• In 1173 he extended Owada no tomari (part of present Kobe Port), which was the outer port of Fukuhara-kyo (Capital of Fukuhara), Settsu Province, and established diplomatic relations with China to promote trade.

• 同年は6本を製作したが、6本目の長尾監督のオリジナル脚本による『怒濤一番乗』を最後に、同年末で「阪東妻三郎プロダクション」は正式に解散となった。
• Six movies were produced throughout the year; however, they formally closed down 'Bando Tsumasaburo Productions' to make the sixth and final film, 'Doto Ichibannori' (First to Arrive), originally scripted by Nagao.

• たとえば右手にたいまつを持つ自由の女神像の正式名称は「世界を照らす自由（Liberty Enlightening the World）」である。
• For example, the official name of the Statue of Liberty, which holds a torch in its right hand, is 'Liberty Enlightening the World.'

• この他に正式な縁組は無かったものの、源経房（源高明の子、明子の実弟で道長が後見を務めた）や藤原兼隆（道兼の子）もこれに准じていたと言われている。
• Other than that, even though formal arrangements were not made, MINAMOTO no Tsunefusa (son of MINAMOTO no Takaaki; Meishi's biological younger brother and Michinaga acted as his guardian) and FUJIWARA no Kanetaka (Michikane's son) also were adopted in a similar manner.

• この公使館開設の件と仁川広域市開港問題について金弘集 (1842年)と折衝し、その後、漢城に日本公使館正式設置と仁川開港を朝鮮政府に認めさせた。
• He negotiated with Kim Hon-jip (in 1842) regarding the establishment of the legation and the opening of the port in the Incheon Metropolitan City, and subsequently he succeeded to make the Korean government to admit the official establishment of the Japanese legation in Hanseong and the opening of the Incheon Port.

• 干支年は、後漢の建武 (漢)26年（50年）に三統暦の超辰法をやめ（元和 (漢)2年に正式改暦）以降は60の周期で単純に繰り返しており計算できる。
• After 超辰法 of Santo-reki calendar was abolished in 50, at the time of the Later Han Dynasty (calendar was reformed officially in 1616), eto (Chinese astrological calendar) repeats in a 60-year cycle and can calculate.

• 「お水取り」は正式には修二会（しゅにえ）と言い、二月堂本尊の十一面観音に対してもろもろの罪や過ちを懺悔し、国家の安泰と人々の幸福を祈る行事である。
• Omizutori' is officially called Shunie (a Buddhist mass held in February by the lunar calendar), where people repent and confess all their sins and mistakes to Juichimen Kannon, the hall's principal image, and pray for their happiness and prosperity as well as their country's peace and stability.

• また、「狂言師」という呼称が「能楽師」と並列して使われることもあるが、元来、狂言は能楽のジャンルのひとつであり、正式には「狂言方の能楽師」である。
• The term 'kyogen actor,' which is sometimes used in parallel with 'noh actor,' should be properly called 'noh actor of kyogen-kata' since the kyogen is originally one of the categories of noh plays.

• 正式版（0.05 版）があるサイトは、'http://www.plethora.net/~seebs/faqs/hacker.html' である。
• The official distribution site (as of revision 0.05) is 'http://www.plethora.net/~seebs/faqs/hacker.html'.

• 国庫からの支出は、法律で定める歳出予算に従う以外は一切行われてはならない。すべての公金の収支に関する正式の予算決算書は随時公表しなければならない。
• No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.

• その後、長兄である武智麻呂（正二位・左大臣）との兼ね合いから、正式な位階・役職としては正三位・参議が極官のまま、他の兄弟に先んじて天然痘に倒れた。
• His final official rank and post stayed Shosanmi and Sangi, as the power relationship with his older brother Muchimaro (Shonii [Senior Second Rank], Sadaijin [Minister of the Left]) was taken into consideration, until his death from smallpox, which was death earlier than any of his brothers.

• 江戸の範囲は随時変わっており、寺社門前地が正式に御所内に組み込まれたのは1745年以降であり、朱引・墨引という呼称ができたのは1818年以降である。
• The official borders of Edo changed frequently, and it was not until after 1745 that Jisha-Monzenchi (lands in fron to of temples and shrines) were officially incorporated into the Imperial Palace, and it was also not until 1818 that the terms 'Shubiki' (drawing a border of Edo-fu in red) and 'Sumibiki' (drawing a border of the area ruled by the town magistrate's office in black) were coined.

• 加冠役は朝倉義景が務めている（なお、義昭はこの時点まで正式な元服を行ったという文献史料は一切無く、当時としてはあまりに遅すぎる元服だったといえる）。
• The person who performed the ceremony was Yoshikage ASAKURA (there is no record which shows Yoshiaki had a coming-of -age ceremony officially until this time; it could be said that it was too late in this era).

• 2005年5月には創作オリジナル踊りの名称を決める会議が、実行委員会と事務局、有識者などを集めて数回開催され、正式に「京炎 そでふれ！」と決まった。
• In May 2005, the Executive Committee of Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa, Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa Administration Office and key figures held several meetings to talk about the name of the original dance, finally deciding on 'Kyoen Sodefure!' as the official name.

• 三段四節の省略形式が一般的になっているが、上掛（観世・宝生）では四段五節、下掛（金春・金剛・喜多）では五段六節が正式（どちらも五段と称する）である。
• Although the abbreviated format using san-dan-yon-setsu (three sections and four measures) is widely used, yon-dan-go-setsu (four sections and five measures) is used formally for kamigakari (Kanze and Hosho schools) and go-dan-roku-setsu (five sections and six measures) for shimogakari (Konparu, Kongo and Kita schools) (either of which is called go-dan (five sections)).

• 東京ではすし店の組合の有志が交渉に立ちあがり、1合の米と握りずし10個（巻きずしなら4本）を交換する委託加工として、正式に営業を認めさせたのである。
• In Tokyo, the sushi association members made negotiations with the government and won the right of doing business officially in the form of making ten pieces of nigiri-zushi (or four rolls of maki-zushi) in exchange for 180ml of rice.

• 江戸時代、上方では御殿から娼家に至るまでどこでも銚子で燗をつけていたが、江戸では銚子は正式の膳である式正（しきじょう）にのみ使うものであったという。
• During the Edo period, choshi was used to warm sake in Kamigata in a palace and a house of prostitution, but, in Edo, choshi was used only for shikijo which was a formal meal.

• 文明5年（1473年）に西軍の山名持豊（宗全）、東軍の細川勝元の両名が死んだことを契機に、義政は12月に将軍職を子の足利義尚へ譲って正式に隠居した。
• In 1473, when the West Army's Mochitoyo (Sozen) YAMANA and the East Army's Katsumoto HOSOKAWA both died Yoshimasa took this opportunity to hand over his position as the Shogun to his son, Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA, in December, and he officially retired.

• おもしろいことに、UCCもベルヌ条約も対象となる言語で正式な翻訳が存在しない場合の非独占的なライセンス取得のための具体的ガイドラインを提供している。
• Curiously, both UCC and Berne offer specific guidelines for obtaining non-exclusive licenses to prepare translations when an authorized translation does not exist in a target language.

• のちに、将軍家の乳母となるために夫の正成と離婚する形をとり、慶長9年（1604年）に2代将軍徳川秀忠の嫡子・竹千代（家光）の乳母に正式に任命される。
• Thereafter, she took the step of divorcing her husband Masanari in order to become a wet nurse to the shogunal family, and in 1604 she was formally appointed as the wet nurse to Takechiyo (the childhood name of Iemitsu), the legitimate son and heir of the second shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA.

• なお、耳川の戦い直前の7月、宗麟は宣教師のフランシスコ・カブラルから洗礼を受け、洗礼名を「ドン・フランシスコ」と名乗り、正式にキリスト教徒となった。
• Sorin was christened by a missionary, Francisco CABRAL in August right before the Battle of Mimi-kawa and formally became Christian with the Christian name 'Don Francisco.'

• なお、この過程で進士試が廃されて正式な官吏登用試験としては秀才試のみが行われるようになり、秀才は文章得業生の、同じく進士は文章生の別名となっていった。
• Also, through these processes, the official appointment examination for the 'shinshi' rank was phased out and only the official appointment examination for the 'shusai' rank was left as an official examination to recruit government officials, which resulted in the word 'shusai' becoming a synonym of monjo tokugosho and 'shinshi,' monjosho.

• ただし、当時は正式な呼称は無く、『御触書集成』の名称は、昭和9年（1934年）に岩波書店から刊行した際に編纂にあたった石井良助・高柳真三らが命名した。
• However, at that time there was no official name for the collection, and the name 'Ofuregaki-shusei' was given by Ryosuke ISHII and Shinzo TAKAYANAGI when they published the documents in 1934 from Iwanami Shoten (a publisher).

• 福澤も自身が主催する「時事新報」などを通じて長沼村民を支え続け、明治30年3月、内務大臣より、正式に無償払い下げの許可が下り、長沼村の利権が回復した。
• FUKUZAWA had kept supported people in Naganuma village through 'Jiji Shinpo' which he hosted, finally, granted disposal without charge officially by a Minister of Home Affairs, and Naganuma village recovered the concession in March 1897.

• 海女はその宝物を竜宮からとりもどせば、身分の低い自分のようなものが生んだ子でも正式な息子として認めててくれるかと問い、淡海公の確約を得て海にとびこむ。
• The ama asked him whether her child will be officially acknowledged as his son if she finds the treasure from the Palace of the Dragon King even though she is a woman of low birth; and when Tankaiko gave her a positive answer, she jumped into the sea.

• 家光の結婚相手としては黒田長政の娘との噂もあったが、元和9年（1623年）8月には摂家鷹司家から鷹司孝子が江戸へ下り、同年12月には正式に輿入れする。
• At first, the daughter of Nagamasa KURODA was reported as Iemochi's marriage partner, but in August of 1623, Takako TAKATSUKASA of the Takatsukasa family (a line of regents and advisers) came down to Edo, and in December of the same year she was married into the Tokugawa family.

• これにより基準年以前に発生していた荘園は臨時課税の対象として正式に公認化されることとなり、それまで散在していた荘園を一つの領域に統合する措置も行われた。
• Because of this, the shoen that had existed before the acts came to be officially recognized as the subject to the extraordinary taxation, and measures to integrate the shoen that had been scattered was taken.

• そして803年（延暦22年）、勘解由使の菅野真道により『撰定交替式』（延暦交替式）が編纂され、桓武天皇の裁可を得て、正式な国司交替の例規として扱われた。
• Then in 803 SUGANO no Mamichi, a kageyushi, compiled 'Sentei kotaishiki' (literally, selected kotaishiki) (Enryaku kotaishiki) (literally, kotaishiki in the Enryaku era), approved by Emperor Kanmu and was handled as the rules covering official replacement of kokushi.

• 当時、銀座 (歴史)において用いられた正式名称は「小玉銀」であるが、『金銀図録』および『三貨図彙』などの古銭書には「豆板銀」という名称で収録されている。
• At that time, the formal name used at Ginza (an organization in charge of casting and appraising of silver during the Edo period) was 'Kodamagin,' but in the books of old coinage, such as 'Kinginzuroku' (Gold & Silver catalog) and 'Sanka zui' (Illustrations of the three types of money), it was recorded under the name of 'Mameitagin'.

• なお、道外の県とは異なり、これ以降も続く開拓使的な任務の都合や低過ぎる人口密度などのため、これらの3県に県議会や郡役所が正式に設置されることはなかった。
• Unlike prefectures outside Hokkaido, no prefectural assembly or county office was formally established in those three prefectures because of continuous tasks as a development commissioner and because of too low population density.

• 近世大名は例外なく長子相続制をとるが、家を継がせない子に所領の一部を割いて与え、幕府に正式な大名として認めてもらうことは、近世初期にしばしば行なわれた。
• Early modern daimyo adopted primogeniture without exception, and daimyo during the early modern era would often give part of their shoryo (territory) to children other than the heir and requested the bakufu (feudal government headed by a shogun) recognized their children as official daimyo.

• 鎌倉の銭洗弁天（現在は正式には宇賀福神社）はその典型的な例で、同神社境内奥の洞窟内の湧き水で持参した銭を洗うと、数倍になって返ってくるという信仰がある。
• Zeniarai Benten Shrine in Kamakura (now officially named Ugafuku-jinja Shrine) is a typical example of this phenomenon as it is believed that washing money in the spring within the cave in the shrine precinct will cause many times the amount to come to the bearer.

• 東京では寿司店の組合の有志が交渉に立ちあがり、1合の米と握り寿司10個（巻き寿司なら4本）を交換する委託加工として、正式に営業を認めさせることができた。
• In Tokyo, volunteers of sushi shops association stood up for a negotiation, and succeeded in obtaining an official business license processing on commission to make a trade of one go (unit of volume, approx. 0.18 liters) of rice for ten pieces of Nigiri-zushi (or four rolls of Maki-zushi).

• しかも自分の創作和食と紹介せず日本の伝統的で正式な料理方法と題しているため、日本食に詳しくない外国人に間違った日本文化を植えつけているのが問題になった。
• Additionally, they do not call them their creative cuisine, but traditional and formal Japanese cooking methods, and thus it is problematic that wrong Japanese culture is spread among foreigners who are not familiar with Japanese foods.

• 近世邦楽としての箏曲は本来「組歌」という歌のみの楽曲形式による曲を最も正式なジャンルとし、またその後も地歌とともに発展したため、歌のついている曲が多い。
• A lot of sokyoku music pieces have lyrics since the most formal style of sokyoku as early-modern traditional Japanese music is 'kumiuta,' which is composition style of songs with vocals only, and sokyoku have been developed along with jiuta.

• ヘレナは、ライサンダーが彼女の友達ハーミアの恋人で、すでに正式に結婚を約束した仲であることを知っていたので、そんなふうに話しかけられて、怒ってしまった。
• Helena, knowing Lysander was her friend Hermia's lover, and that he was solemnly engaged to marry her, was in the utmost rage when she heard herself addressed in this manner;

• ツキガタプロダクション（登記上正式表記ツキガタプロタクシヨン、1928年 設立 - 1932年 解散）は、かつて京都、のちに奈良に存在した映画会社である。
• Tsukigata Productions (registered as Tsukigata Purotakushon, established in 1928, liquidated in 1932) was a film company that existed in Kyoto and then in Nara.

• 明は日本と国交を結ばないまま滅亡し、明に代わって中国を支配するようになった清は、すでに日本が鎖国を取ったため貿易は行うが、正式な国交を持とうとはしなかった。
• Ming was ruined without having diplomatic relations with Japan and Qing, which began to control China after Ming, because Japan adopted a national isolation policy, conducted only trade, but had no official diplomatic relations.

• 元は立憲政友会の第2次西園寺内閣を支持する勅選議員や多額納税議員の親睦団体であったが、1912年12月24日に院内交渉団体として届出を行って正式に発足した。
• The club had originally been a social group consisting of either councilors of imperial nomination or councilors in the top tax bracket who support the second Saionji Cabinet of Rikken seiyukai, and then the club was officially launched as a negotiating body within the House on December 24, 1912 when they went through the official procedure.

• この貨幣も慶長通宝と同様に正式な鋳造記録が確認されておらず、江戸幕府によるものであるか、民鋳の鐚銭であるのか、あるいはその発行目的など依然不明な銭貨である。
• Like the Keicho Tsuho coin, an official minting record of this currency has not been confirmed, and there are some uncertainties such as whether it was issued by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), whether it was privately minted Bitasen (low quality coins whose surfaces were worn away), the purpose of the issuance, etc.

• 葵祭（あおいまつり、正式には賀茂祭）は、京都市の賀茂御祖神社（下鴨神社）と賀茂別雷神社（上賀茂神社）で、5月15日（陰暦四月の中の酉の日）に行なわれる例祭。
• Aoi Matsuri (formally known as Kamo Matsuri) is an annual celebration that takes place at Kamomioya-jinja Shrine (Shimogamo-jinja Shrine) and Kamowakeikazuchi-jinja Shrine (Kamigamo-jinja Shrine) in Kyoto City on May 15 (the middle day of Cock day of lunar calendar).

• また、養子の上杉景勝に頻繁に手紙を送ったり呼び寄せたり（景勝は正式に養子になる以前は父・政景の居城である坂戸城にいたことが多かった）する子煩悩な一面もある。
• And, he had another aspect of loving his children dearly like frequently writing letters to his adopted child, Kagekatsu UESUGI, inviting and doting on him (before being adopted officially, Kagekatsu often stayed at Sakato-jo Castle which was the residential castle of his father, Masakage).

• 宝暦10年（1760年）5月3日、父の隠居により徳川宗家の家督を相続し、9月2日には正式に将軍宣下を受けて第10代将軍職を継承し、正二位・内大臣に昇叙する。
• On June 15, 1760, he succeeded his retired father as the head of the Tokugawa family and on October 10, he was officially appointed as Shogun to take over Shogunate and promoted to Shonii (Senior Second Rank) and Naidaijin (the Minister of the Interior).

• 1557年ポルトガルがマカオを取得し、中国と正式な貿易パートナーとして認められるとポルトガル国家は日本への貿易を制限しだし、最高落札者に日本との交易を認めた。
• In 1557 when Portugal acquired Macau and was recognized as a formal trade partner with China, Portugal began to control its trade with Japan and recognized the most successful bidder the trade with Japan.

• 6月20日・12月20日に天皇に見せるために事前に蔵人所に提出（「内裏分」の後、1月1日 (旧暦)・7月1日 (旧暦)に太政官に対して正式な提出が行われた）。
• Those records were submitted to Kurododokoro (the Chamberlain's Office) in advance before presenting those records to the emperor on June 20 and on December 20 (the official submission of the records to Daijokan was made on January 1 [old calendar] and July 1 [old calendar] after `内裏分').

• そこで同年6月22日 (旧暦)（新暦8月10日）に堺とその周辺を範囲として発立されたのが堺県である（一説には当初は「境県」が正式名称だったとも言われている）。
• Thus, Sakai Prefecture was established and launched as a prefecture on August 10 of the same year that covered Sakai and its peripheral regions (one theory states that 境県 as opposed to 堺県 was the official writing given in the beginning).

• 過去にも「京都守護」の職名は存在したが、この場合は「京都守護職」と称するのが正式であり、守護職の読みも室町時代の“しゅごしき”に対して“しゅごしょく”と読む。
• There had previously existed a post called 'Kyoto Shugo,' but in this case it was formally called 'Kyoto Shugoshoku,' and was pronounced 'shugoshoku' in contrast to the Muromachi period's pronunciation, 'shugoshiki.'

• 和信は「一豊公前々（天正6年以前）より御存知に遊され」とあり、山内一豊が天正6年（1578年）播磨国三木城主別所長治攻めの際に初めて正式に召抱えられたとある。
• It was recorded that Kazunobu (和信) 'had long been known by Lord Katsutoyo (since before 1578),' and was formally employed in 1578 when Katsutoyo YAMAUCHI launched an attack against Nagaharu BESSHO, a lord of Miki-jo Castle in Harima Province.

• かつては同志社全学校でEVEを開催してきたが、1950年代頃より独自のEVEを開催するようになり、1962年から正式の大学祭として位置づけられるようになった。
• All the Doshisha schools once celebrated 'Doshisha Eve' together, but since the 1950s each school has come to hold its own festival, and in 1962 'Doshisha Eve' at Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts was officially approved as a university festival.

• 中国の皇后は従って、皇后が出身した一族の姓で呼ばれ、唐朝第3代の皇帝である高宗 (唐)の皇后は「武」の姓を持つ一族出身であったので、「武皇后」が正式名であった。
• Therefore, Chinese empresses were called by their original family name and empress of the Koso, the Third Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, originated from a family with 'Bu' (武) so her official name was 'Empress Mu'(武皇后).

• また、足利政権から正式に守護に選ばれたのは、一族で和義が最初であったが、在国一年程度では国人の被官化には繋がらずそれが、勢力を急速に落とした要因にも成っている。
• Kazuyoshi was the first clan member to be appointed as Shugo by the Ashikaga government, but one year service was not long enough to vassalize local lords, which fact partly resulted in his rapid decline.

• 貞観 (日本)16年（874年）の火災で一度は焼失するが、再建後に正子内親王はここを当時朝廷の仏教政策で正式な僧侶になることが出来なかった尼のために尼寺とした。
• After the palace burned in 874 and was rebuilt, Imperial Princess Masako made this palace a temple for nuns who could not officially become priests due to the Court's Buddhism policy.

• 広く一般的に知られる中間は上記どおりだが、藩に正式に採用されてる家(世襲で藩に仕え、苗字帯刀が許されてるもの)や幕末に特殊な事例に用いて採用されたりした物を指す。
• Widely and generally known chugen were as mentioned above, but this special type of chugen refers to those from families who served domains by heredity and had the right to bear a surname and to wear a sword during the Edo period, or those who were formally employed by domains or recruited for special occasions at the end of Edo period.

• そこで名主仲間（宮座仲間）は、かつての荘園「山国庄」の時代と同様に天皇から正式に官位を授かることなどで地域の一円禁裏御料化を目指し、宮座の結束強化をはかっていた。
• At this point the council of village headmen (who were also comrades from the shrine organization) began to set their sights on the entire region remaining under the control of the imperial house, arguing that, much like during the days the area was a shoen, 'Yamaguni estate,' they had received an official position and rank from the emperor and should have control over the whole area, thereby aiming to fortify the unity of the shrine organization.

• 近世では、衣冠･直衣・狩衣について正式には単や衣を重ねたものの、小袖に直接これらのうわぎを着ることも行われ、また指貫に代えて指袴（指貫と同じ生地の切袴）も用いた。
• In recent years, the hitoe and the kinu were worn together with Ikan, Noshi, Kariginu as formal style, or sometimes these clothes were worn directly on top of Kosode (a kimono with short sleeves worn as underclothing by the upper classes), or Sashiko (Kiribakama made from same fabric as Sashinuki) was worn instead of wearing Sashinuki.

• 天誅組の変の際には多くの郷士が参加していが、装備の古さや天誅組側の戦略の無さなどから劣勢であり、朝廷より「天誅組は朝廷軍ではない」との正式判断が出されたため離脱。
• When Tenchu-gumi Incident occurred, many samurai in Totsukawa joined Tenchu-gumi (Heavenly Avenging Force); however, they eventually left the force due to the antiquity of the equipment, lack of strategies held by the Tenchu-gumi, and the official judgment by the Imperial Court that 'Tenchu-gumi was not an Imperial army.'

• 「戊午」は下賜された安政5年の干支が戊午（つちのえ・うま）であったことに由来し、「密勅」とは正式な手続（関白九条尚忠の裁可）を経ないままの下賜であったことによる。
• 'Bogo' is derived from Bogo (also called tsuchinoe, uma), the zodiac sign of that year when the chokusho was given, and 'mitchoku' or a secret Imperial command means that the document was given without going through the official procedure which required to obtain approbation from Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), Hisatada KUJO.

• 高野山の中院流、京都の小野（勧修寺流、随心院流、醍醐三宝院流）広沢（西院流）智山の三宝院流憲深方、豊山の伝法院流などを一通り受法しておかなければ、正式と言えない。
• It cannot officially be said that a person mastered the practice unless a person learns the whole practice of the school such as Chuin school taught in Mt. Koya, Sanboin Kenjingata lineage of Ono school (Ono school has several styles including Kajuji school, Zuishinin school, Daigo Sanboin school), Hirosawa school (Nishinoin school) and Chisan school in Kyoto, and Denpoin school of Buzan school.

• この時代でも御会始（歌会始）や御楽始（雅楽始）など、政務ではない儀式や私家の元服などの儀式には単や衣（あこめの類）を重ね、指貫をつけた正式な衣冠・直衣を着用した。
• Even in this period, in ceremonies that were not government affairs such as New Year Imperial Poetry Reading Parties or New Year Gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) Recitals or private ceremonies such as genpuku (celebrate one's coming of age), they wore official ikan or noshi layering hitoe or kinu and sashinuki.

• 日野の佐藤道場に出稽古に来ていた天然理心流4代目の近藤勇（後の新選組局長）とはこの頃出会ったと推測され、安政6年（1859）3月29日、天然理心流に正式入門した。
• It is around this time that he is assumed to have met Isami KONDO (who later became the commander of Shinsen-gumi), the 4th Head of Tennen Rishin-ryu, who was on a training trip to Sato Dojo in Hino; on March 29 1859, Toshizo formally became a disciple of Tennen Rishin-ryu.

• 正式名称は「三国相伝陰陽輨轄簠簋内伝金烏玉兎集（さんごくそうでん おんみょうかんかつ ほきないでん きんうぎょくとしゅう）」といい、「金烏玉兎集」とも略称される。
• Its formal name is 'Sangokusoden Onmyokankatsu Hokinaiden Kinu-Gyokuto Shu' but this is sometimes abbreviated to 'Kinu-Gyokuto Shu'.

• 還俗から1ヶ月も経たない応永35年（1428年）3月6日 (旧暦)に正式に御台所に定められ、継いで正長元年（1428年）6月21日 (旧暦)に婚儀が執り行われた。
• Within a month of returning to secular life for Yoshinori, she was legally declared Midaidokoro on March 30, 1428 and the wedding took place on August 11, 1428.

• 募兵、新兵教練を終えた薩軍では2月13日、次のように大隊編成がなされた（隊長の正式名称は指揮長。一般に大隊長とも呼ばれた。副長役は各大隊の一番小隊隊長がつとめた）。
• On February 13, with soldiers having been recruited and trained, the Satsuma army has formed into the battalions as below (The battalion commander was formally called Shikicho and generally called Daitaicho. The leader of the 1st platoon in each battalion served as Fukucho, the second in command.)

• こうした集団は大学アニメ部の正式な一部となることはほとんどなかったけれど、ファンサブ集団たちのサービスのおかげで、大学生たちはまっさきにアニメに接することができた。
• Although these groups were rarely official organs of college anime clubs, the fansub groups performed a service that provided college students with firsthand exposure to anime.

• そして、正式に門首継承式を行っていなかった業成を御歴代に数えないことが決められ、同年7月31日、父・光暢の後継という形で第25代門首を継承し、法名を淨如と名乗った。
• It was decided that since Narishige did not have formal succession ceremony, he would not be counted as a successor, and Choken succeeded as the 25th chief priest, after his father, Kocho, and used Homyo Jonyo.

• 1404年（応永11年）以降は日本に対して交付される貿易許可証である勘合符を所持する事で倭寇と区別し、正式な遣明使船である事が確認できる勘合船に限られるようになった。
• After 1404, the Ming Dynasty distinguished the official traders from wako by issuing Kangofu to Japan, limiting the trade to the kangosen (trading vessels with Kangofu between Japan and the Ming in the Muromachi period) because it was easily confirmed as an official vessel of Kenminshi (Japanese envoys to Ming Dynasty China).

• 寝間を終えた中臈は「お手つき」と呼ばれ、懐妊して女子を出産すれば「お腹様｣（おはらさま）、男子を出産すれば「お部屋様｣（おへやさま）となり、ようやく正式な側室となる。
• Churo who slept with the shogun were called 'Otetsuki' (person who slept with a shogun) and, if she got pregnant and delivered a girl, she was called 'Oharasama', and if she delivered a boy, she was called 'Oheyasama', and then finally became a concubine.

• 正式裁判の請求が法令上の方式に違反し、又は請求権の消滅後にされたものであるときは、決定でこれを棄却しなければならない。この決定に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。
• The court shall, when a request for a formal trial violates the forms provided for in laws and regulations, or when a request is made after loss of the right to request, dismiss, on a ruling, said request. An immediate appeal may be filed against this ruling.

• 正式な遊女としての花魁はなく、女郎も少なかったことから、芸者が主役であり「深川芸者」と「吉原芸者」として双璧とされ、その他の地域の芸者は、たんに「町芸者」といわれた。
• In Fukagawa red-light district, geisha took center stage because there were no oiran (licensed prostitutes) and only a small number of joro (courtesans) existed, and therefore, 'Fukagawa geisha' and 'Yoshiwara geisha' were regarded as twin jewels of geisha, distinguishing themselves from 'machi geisha' in other regions.

• 全日本剣道連盟はJOC、国際剣道連盟はIOC傘下のGAISFに加盟をしているが、剣道のオリンピックの正式種目、公開種目化には首尾一貫して反対している立場を取っている。
• Although the All Japan Kendo Federation is affiliated with the JOC and the International Kendo Federation is a member of the GAISF, which is affiliated with the IOC, both have consistently opposed the idea of Kendo becoming an official Olympic sport or an demonstration sport.

• 9世紀半ば以後、中国を支配してきた唐の衰退に伴って遣唐使が派遣されることが無くなり（894年に正式に廃止）、代わって日本独自の文化（国風文化）が登場するようになった。
• With the decline in the power of the Tang dynasty which had governed China, the dispatch of the Japanese envoy to the Tang dynasty had been suspended since the middle of the ninth century (officially, envoys to Tang China were abolished in 894), which resulted in the appearance of the Kokufu Bunka (indigenous Japanese culture).

• 名前の大まかな推移は、和田小五郎（元服して正式に桂家を継ぐまで）→桂小五郎（15歳以降）→木戸貫冶（33歳）・木戸準一郎（33歳以降）→木戸孝允（36歳以降）である。
• His names changed roughly as follows: Kogoro WADA (from the time of his coming-of-age ceremony until he officially succeeded to the head of the Katsura family), Kogoro KATSURA (after the age of 15), Kanji KIDO (at 33), Junichiro KIDO (after 33), and Takayoshi KIDO (after 36).

• 村瀬敏夫は、天徳4年（960年）9月23日 (旧暦)に内裏の火災があり、その際に奏覧本（正式な本）が炎上したために、草稿本が流布し後世に伝来したのではないかとしている。
• Toshio MURASE argues that a draft was circulated and came down to following generations because the authorized manuscript was burned in the fire of the court on October 16, 960.

• すなわちもっとも正式な飾太刀や、飾太刀を略した細太刀の中でも鞘を紫檀地螺鈿にした「螺鈿剣（らでんのたち）」は白玉有文帯と、蒔絵の鞘の細太刀は白玉無文帯とともに使用した。
• In other words, formal decorated swords and 'swords inlaid with mother-of-pearl' with a rosewood scabbard inlaid with mother-of-pearl, which were informal decorated swords with narrow blades, were used with figured square sashes with white gemstones, and narrow blades with lacquered scabbards were used with figured square sashes with white gemstones.

• 仏教は本来、輪廻転生し徳を積めば最後は開眼し仏となる教えであり、「特定される個人としての死」はないので先祖崇拝はなく、「盂蘭盆」が正式な仏教行事で釈迦を奉るものである。
• Originally, because Buddhism held that if people cultivated enough virtue over the cycle of rebirth, they would finally reach enlightenment and become Buddhas, there was no significance to any particular death of an individual and hence no ancestor worship, so in the beginning Urabon was an official Buddhist ceremony to revere Shakyamuni.

• これについて歴史学者の佐々木隆 (歴史学者)は、山田が早世（1892年に49歳で死去）のために正式な任命の手続を得られなかった事実上の元老であった可能性を指摘している。
• About this, Takashi Sasaki (a historian) pointed out that Yamada might have been practically a Genre, although he could not be appointed to Genro officially because he died young (at the age of 49 in 1892).

• なお、事務が煩雑化すると、右筆が正式な手続を経て決定された事項について自らの職権の一環として文書を作成・署名を行い、これに主君発給文書と同一の効力を持たせる例も登場する。
• When office works got more complicated, Yuhitsu started to prepare Monjo regarding matters decided through formal procedures and signed them with a part of their authority, providing the Monjo the same effect as the documents issued by their lords.

• ただし、藩として正式に立藩したのは明治元年（1868年）7月14日、新政府の計らいによって1万石の大名として諸侯に列したものであり、いわば「維新立藩」によるものであった。
• However, it was founded officially on August 31, 1868 as the so-called 'domain founded by Meiji Restoration' at the discretion of the new government to grant the clan a status of daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) with the crop yield of 10,000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land).

• 知恩院に所蔵される国宝の通称「早来迎（はやらいごう）」と呼ばれる来迎図は、正式には「阿弥陀二十五菩薩来迎図」であり、『観経』に説かれる上品上生の来迎を表わした図様である。
• The raigo-zu, a national treasure kept in Chion-Temple, called 'Hayaraigo,' is officially called 'Amida Nijugo Bosatsu Raigozu' (Descent of Amida and Twenty-Five Attendants); it has a picture of Amida Nyorai coming over the mountain to take some people into the heavens which is explained in 'Kangyo' (Meditation Sutra).

• 室町時代後期、喫茶は庶民の間まで広まっていたが、正式な茶会では高価な中国製の道具である「唐物」（特に愛称の付けられた道具を「名物 (茶道具)」と呼んだ）が用いられていた。
• In the later Muromachi period, drinking tea was popular even among ordinary people, while in formal tea ceremonies, expensive Chinese utensils called 'karamono' (particularly, utensils with popular names were called 'Meibutsu (tea utensils)') were in use.

• しかしながら、近年になって真宗大谷派が「教如は家康にそそのかされて東本願寺を設立したのではなく、元々独立志向があった」とする見解を史学研究の結果として正式に表明している。
• However, recently, the Otani group of the Shinshu sect has officially expressed, as a result of historical study, the viewpoint that Kyonyo did not establish Higashi-Hongan-ji Temple by being enticed by Ieyasu but had originally the intention of independence.

• 天正7年（1579年）の毛利氏からの南条氏離反を発端とする「南条対毛利」の戦いは同13年（1585年）1月にいわゆる「京芸和睦」が正式に確定したことによって終結をむかえた。
• The battle of Nanjo vs. Mori, which started from the Nanjo clan's defection from the Mori clan in 1579, came to an end in January 1585, when the reconciliation between Nobunaga and the Mori clan was confirmed.

• 日蓮教学の法華宗は、この経の題目（題名）の「妙法蓮華経」（鳩摩羅什漢訳本の正式名）の五字を重んじ、南無妙法蓮華経（五字七字の題目）と唱えることを正行（しょうぎょう）とする。
• The Hokke sect of Nichiren studies (日蓮教学) placed high value on the five letters of 'Myohorenge-kyo (妙法蓮華経)' in this sutra's title (a formal title of the sutra translated by Kumaraju in Chinese) and considered the recitation of Namu myohorenge-kyo (a chant of five letters or seven letters) as 正行.

• ところが、布告前日の29日になって太政官より反対論が出されて布告は中止されて、正式決定を前提として大阪に布告文を送付している途中であった飛脚が東京に呼び戻されることとなった。
• However, on the day before the declaration, the 29th, an opposing argument by the Daijokan was released so the declaration was canceled, and the express messenger who was in the middle of sending the declaration letter to Osaka, with the assumption that this declaration would be a formal decision, was called back to Tokyo.

• 一応、正式の客間には、白地または襖絵が描かれたものを用いて襖障子と称し、略式の居間や数寄屋風の建物には、色無地や小紋柄を木版で刷った唐紙を使用し、唐紙障子と称したようである。
• Supposedly, shoji with a white background or on which fusuma-e (images drawn on fusuma sliding door) were drawn were used in a formal guest room and were called fusuma-shoji, shoji covered with woodblock printed karakami of one color background without a pattern or a fine pattern placed in an informal living room or sukiya (style of a tea-ceremony house) style building were called karakami-shoji.

• 尚、これらの正式な装束、仮面（特に別装束、とりわけ、童舞の装束）は大変高価であるため、これらを購入できる神社仏閣、団体は大規模な神社、寺院や財政に余裕がある団体に限定される。
• In fact, these official costumes and masks (especially Betsu-shozoku costumes, and costumes for Dobu Dance above all) are very expensive, so the shrines, temples and groups that can afford to buy them are limited to large temples and shrines, or to groups that are financially prosperous.

• しかし、明らか本鍛錬刀とは見られない特殊刀であっても、登録を堂々正式に受けているも数多くあり、全時代全国全審査員共通の確固たる制式があるかという面に於いては考慮が必要である。
• However, numbers of special swords which are apparently not authentically forged swords are officially registered, so, it requires some consideration on the system common to all the periods, all the regions, and all judges.

• 略式命令には、罪となるべき事実、適用した法令、科すべき刑及び附随の処分並びに略式命令の告知があつた日から十四日以内に正式裁判の請求をすることができる旨を示さなければならない。
• A summary order shall show the facts constituting the crime, the laws and regulations applied, the sentence to be imposed, and supplementary measures, and shall also give an indication to the effect that it is possible to request a formal trial within fourteen days from the date that notification of the summary order is given.

• 第三百五十三条、第三百五十五条乃至第三百五十七条、第三百五十九条、第三百六十条及び第三百六十一条乃至第三百六十五条の規定は、正式裁判の請求又はその取下についてこれを準用する。
• The provisions of Article 353, Article 355 through Article 357, Article 359, Article 360, and Article 361 through Article 365 shall apply mutatis mutandis to a request for a formal trial and its withdrawal.

• 太平洋戦争が激化すると、非常時の臨時措置として1942年、1943年には半年繰り上げの2年半で、また、1943年入学の学年からは法改正により正式に修業年限が2年に短縮された。
• When the Pacific War escalated the duraion of school was shortened by half a year to two and a half years in 1942 and 1943 as a temprary measure during emergency, and from the class entering in 1943 the term was officially shortened to two years by a legal amendment.

• 後に、不比等の成長を待ち、正式に文武天皇の命令によって改めて鎌足の嫡男として不比等とその子孫のみに藤原姓を許し、他の者は中臣氏に復するように命じられて意美麻呂も中臣姓に戻る。
• Later, when Fuhito had grown up, an order by Emperor Monmu stated that the kabane of Fujiwara was permitted only to be inherited by the descendants of Kamatari's heir Fuhito while the kabane of others were to be reverted to Nakatomi, and Omimaro returned to using the Nakatomi kabane.

• これに対し、勧修寺経顕時代には体裁は消息・御教書であっても本人の直状によって発給され、西園寺実俊時代には幕府の影響力強化に沿う形で本人の直状である正式な施行状が発給されている。
• On the other hand, during the period of Tsuneaki KANSHUJI, although the documents took the form of shosoku or migyosho, they were issued in the form of jikijo (direct documents) by officials, and during the period of Sanetoshi SAIONJI, the formal shigyojo by officials were issued in accordance with the increasing power of the bakufu.

• また、将軍家宗家が「征夷大将軍」と現すために三葉を表にした表葵御紋であるのに対して、水戸家の葵御紋は三葉が裏になった裏葵御紋が正紋であるために、正式には御三家ではない説がある。
• The family crest of the head family of the Tokugawa clan (the linage of the Shogun) was Omote Aoi-no-Gomon (the family crest using front sides of three leaves of Hollyhock), in which front sides of Hollyhock leaves were depicted to represent the shogun's title 'Seii Taishogun' (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), while that of the Mito family was Ura Aoi-no-Gomon (the family crest using undersides of three leaves of Hollyhook); therefore, there exists an opinion which holds that officially the Mito family was not recognized as Tokugawa Gosanke.

• 大宝律令の施行は、当時としても非常に画期的かつ歴史的な一大事業と受け止められており、律令施行とほぼ同時に、日本という国号と最初の制度的元号（大宝 (日本)）が正式に定められた。
• Even in those days, it was considered that the enforcement of the Taiho Ritsuryo was an epoch-making and historical project, and almost at the same time, the name 'Nippon' and the first official era name 'Taiho' were formally promulgated.

• しかし南朝方の入京にあたって神器帰還の儀式は行われたものの正式な譲位の儀式は行われず、後亀山天皇への処遇は「天皇として即位はしていないが特例として上皇待遇」というものであった。
• Although there was an official ceremony to return holy durables to Nancho (the Southern Court), there was no enthronement ceremony and Emperor GO-KAMEYAMA was treated as 'a special retired Emperor not officially enthroned.'

• 正式の指定名称は「美濃稲葉郡山田寺塔心礎納置銅壼 1合 附塔心礎」であり、塔心礎は「銅壺」の「附」（つけたり）として国の重要文化財に指定された（考古資料、昭和36年2月指定）。
• The official property name of these remains is 'Mino Inaba District, Sanden-ji Temple stone foundation remain for the central pillar of a pagoda with a set of copper pot placed with in the reliquary' and the stone foundation for the central pillar of a pagoda was also designated for a National Important Cultural Property as the 'Tsuketari' (the accompaniment) to the 'Dohtsubo' (a copper pot, designated in 1961 according to archaeological references).

• 足利軍が入京すると後醍醐天皇は比叡山に逃れて抵抗するが、足利方の和睦の要請に応じて三種の神器を足利方へ渡し、尊氏は持明院統の光明天皇を立て、建武式目を制定して正式に幕府を開く。
• When the army of ASHIKAGA entered in Kyoto, the Emperor Go-Daigo escaped to Mt. Hiei and fought back. However, the Emperor accepted the reconciliation proposed by ASHIKAGA, and he handed over the Three Sacred Treasures to Takauji. Takauji ASHIKAGA, backed by the Emperor Komyo of the Jimyoin-to lineage, opened a new legitimate Shogunate with the enactment of a new political platform called Kenmu Shikimoku.

• 源氏長者の就任要件である淳和院・奨学院の両院別当には就任しているが、通常は両院別当とともに任じられる源氏長者への任命の宣旨を受けなかったために、正式な源氏長者にはなっていない。
• He assumed a position as the chief of both Junna-in and Shogaku-in Temples, which was a precondition for becoming the chief of the Genji Family, but he did not become a proper chief of the Genji Family because he hadn't received the imperial appointment to the position of chief of the Genji Family, which was usually conferred together with a position as the chief of the two temples.

• その動きは早くは中世から見られるが、一般には江戸時代中期後期以後の儒教や国学 (学問)や復古神道に伴うものを指し、狭義には明治新政府により出された神仏分離令（正式には神仏判然令。
• The earliest movement had already appeared in the Medieval Period, but the Shinbutsu-bunri usually refers to the separation carried out in accordance with the advancement of Confucianism, Kokugaku (the study of Japanese classical literature), and the Fukko-shinto (Reactionary Shintoism) which occurred in and after the mid or late Edo period.In a more limited sense, it refers to the separation carried out throughout the country according to the ordinance issued by the new Meiji government, called Shinbutsu Bunri-rei (officially named Shinbutsu Hanzen-rei, which means the Edict for Separation of Shinto and Buddhism), which was a general term representing a series of official notices issued between April 5, 1868 and December 1, 1868, such as the edict of the Daijokan (Grand Council of State), the notification of the Jingikan (Department of Worship), and the notification of the Daijokan.

• 1976年には合気会傘下の国際合気道連盟（IAF）が結成され、 IAFは1984年GAISF（GAISF）の正式会員となり、1989年以降ワールドゲームズ大会に毎回参加している。
• In 1976, the International Aikido Federation (IAF), an affiliate of Aikikai, was established, and the IAF became an official member of the General Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF), participating in all the World Games since 1989.

• 1945年の第二次世界大戦終戦に伴い実効支配を喪失し、1945年9月2日、ポツダム宣言の条項を誠実に履行することを約束した降伏文書調印によって、正式に日本による朝鮮支配は終了した。
• Japan lost the effective control due to the end of the Second World War in 1945, and its rule of Korea officially ended upon signing the Instrument of Surrender in which they promised to follow the provisions in the Potsdam Declaration in good faith on September 2, 1945.

• また、解党後の1943年に完成した『立憲政友会史』では中島を正式な第8代総裁として記述しているが、これは第2次分裂以後、党機関紙及び党史の編集部門を革新派が掌握していたためである。
• 'History of Rikken seiyukai,' which was completed in1943 after the party was dissolved, described Nakajima as the eighth official president because the reformists took control of the official publication of the party and the editorial department of the party history after the second split.

• 永禄の変後には、室町幕府第14代征夷大将軍足利義栄の将軍宣下の使者となるが、その当日に義栄の対抗馬である足利義昭からも正式な元服の実施と官位昇進要請の使者が来るという事件があった。
• After the Eiroku Incident, he became an emissary proclaiming Yoshihide ASHIKAGA's assignment to the fourteenth seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi bakufu, and on the same day, he was asked by Yoshiaki ASHIKAGAWA who was a rival to Yoshihide to perform an official Ganpuku ceremony and request rank promotion for Yoshiaki through Yoshiaki's emissary.

• 同年9月「地所売買放禁分一収税施設之儀正院伺」が大蔵省によって作成され、田畠永代売買禁止令の廃止とともに地租改正の実施が明治政府の方針として正式に決定されその準備が急がれたのである。
• In the September of the same year the Ministry of Finance created the document titled 'To Seiin: On the matters of the abolition of the ban on trading and selling of farmland and establishing the tax collection system based on percentage' and submitted it to Dajokan Seiin, the Main Office of the preconstitutional Meiji government that became the Cabinet later, for approval; subsequently the ban on trading and selling of farmland was abolished by the government and the implementation of the land-tax reform was officially concluded as the policy of the Meiji government and the governent quickly made preparation for the enforcement of the reform.

• また紋は「染め抜き日向紋」が正式とされ白と地色で表わされたもの（通常は紋のところを「石持ち（こくもち）」と言ってあらかじめ白く染め抜かれているところに後から地色で染め付ける）である。
• The formal crest is the resist-dyed crest called 'Somenuki hinatamon' that is represented by white and the base color of kimono, which is usually provided on a resist-dyed crest place called 'Kokumochi' by dyeing the crest with the base color of kimono afterwards.

• 同5年9月22日、伊周は従二位に叙せられ、寛弘2年（1005年）2月25日正式に座次を大臣の下・大納言の上と定められ、翌月26日、改めて昇殿を聴され、11月13日には朝議に参加した。
• On October 26, 1003, Korechika was invested with Junii (Junior Second Rank); on April 12, 1005, his precedence was officially decided to be lower than Daijin (Ministers) and higher than Dainagon (chief councilors of state); on May 13, 1005, he was permitted to enter into the Imperial Court again; and on December 22, 1005, he attended a Court Council.

• 日蓮正宗と正式に名乗るのは明治最初の頃で、それまでは日蓮宗勝劣派の一宗派（大石寺派）、一時は富士門流各山と連合し日蓮宗興門派・日蓮本門宗という富士門流八本山による連合宗派も作っていた。
• It officially called itself as Nichiren Shoshu Sect in the early the Meiji period, after being one of Shoretsu School of Nichiren Sect (known as Taisekiji School), and at one time, creating Komon School of Nichiren Sect, also known as Nichiren Honmon Sect, the combined school by Hachihonzan (eight major temples) of Fujimon School with other mountains of the Fujimon School.

• 他の素麺より太いのが特徴で、それにより過去には素麺とは別の名を付けられそうになった時期がある（現在は『乾めん類品質表示基準』が改定された事により基準上も正式に「手延べ素麺」となった）。
• It is characterized in its thickness compared with somen from other areas, and therefore it was about to have a name other than somen in the past (by the revising the 'Quality Labeling Standard for instant noodles,' it is officially called 'hand-stretched somen' now).

• 12世紀後半の平安時代末期には、院政に際して重用された北面の武士に由来する平家の興隆や、それを倒した源氏などによる武家社会が台頭し、1192年に武家政権である鎌倉幕府が正式に成立した。
• At the end of the Heian Period in the late 12th century, the Samurai class gained prominence with the rise of Heike (the Taira family) originated from Hokumen no bushi (warriors who served Emperor Daijo to provide protection) that was given an important position during the times of Insei (Cloistered politics) and Genji (the Minamoto clan) who defeated Heike, the military government, the Kamakura bakufu formally came into power in 1192.

• このドラマの人気が、徳川光圀＝天下の副将軍という認識が定着する要因となっており、正式に副将軍に任ぜられた、或いは江戸幕府の公式な役職として副将軍が設置されていたという誤解を生んでいる。
• The popularity of this drama has made people identify Mitukuni TOKUGAWA with the world famous vice shogun, causing a misunderstanding that he was officially appointed as the vice shogun or the post of vice shogun was officially established in Edo bakufu.

• 例えば、3代家光夫人･鷹司孝子は夫との仲が極めて険悪で、正式に「御台所」と称することのないまま、結婚後程なくしてその居所を本丸から中丸に移され、大奥の実権はもっぱら春日局らが握っていた。
• For example, since a wife of the third Shogun Iemitsu, Takako TAKATSUKASA was on extremely bad terms with her husband, she was transferred to her residence from Honmaru to Naka no maru (中丸) before being formally titled 'Midaidokoro' and Kasuga no tsubone held the real power in O-oku.

• これは「清行逸士」という表現こそ用いているが、度牒を持たないまま長期にわたって修行してきた私度僧が処罰を受けるどころか、逆に正式な僧侶として認められることもあったという事実を示している。
• It does use the expression 'seiko isshi' (ones with pure actions), but it shows the fact that sometimes shidoso, even though making ascetic practices without an official certificate, were not punished, but were even approved as monks.

• 正式な后妃との間に子はなく、出家後、乳母子の中務とその娘平平子を同時に寵愛して子を産ませたため、世の人は中務の腹に儲けた清仁親王を「母腹宮」、平子の腹に儲けた昭登親王を「女腹宮」と称した。
• The Cloistered Emperor had no children with any of the officially recognized empresses after he became a priest, but he did have children with Nakatsukasa (who was the daughter of the emperor's wet nurse) and her daughter TAIRA no Hirako, both of whom he had simultaneously fallen in love with; the general public called Prince Kiyohito (Nakatsukasa's son) 'Oya bara no miya' (literally, 'prince of the mother's womb) and Prince Akinori (Hirako's son) 'Musume bara no miya' (literally, 'prince of the daughter's womb).

• また、嫡流男系が郷士西山氏や織田（おりた）氏として土着したという記録もあり、これが事実であるとすると嫡流男系は正式な武士としての身分は失ったものの、士分の階層には留まり存続したことになる。
• There is a record that descendants in the direct line of the Oda family were indigenized as goshi (country samurai), the Nishiyama clan and Orita clan, and if it is true, the descendants lost formal samurai status, but stayed in the samurai class and survived.

• 最澄は空海の招来した仏典を借り受けて密教を本格的に学びはじめ、弘仁3年（812年）には弟子の泰範（778年 - ?）らとともに空海の神護寺において灌頂を受け、正式に空海の弟子となっている。
• Saicho began to study Mikkyo borrowing Buddhist scriptures brought by Kukai and in 812 received kanjo with his disciple Taihan (778 - year of death unknown) and so on in Jingo-ji Temple of Kukai and officially became a disciple of Kukai.

• 更に秀吉は実子の不在を理由に新天皇の弟八条宮智仁親王を猶子とし、将来的には正式な豊臣氏の養子として関白を譲る意向である事を天正16年（1588年）の聚楽第行幸の際に後陽成天皇に奏上している。
• Hideyoshi further adopted the new Emperor's younger brother, Imperial Prince Toshihito HACHIJONOMIYA, since he had no biological child, and he reported to the Emperor during the Imperial visit to Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's palace and office in Kyoto) in 1588 that he would officially adopt the prince as a son of the Toyotomi clan and hand over the position of Kanpaku to him in the future.

• 12月2日_(旧暦)には四宮の親王宣下が行われて「朝仁親王」の名が与えられ、翌3年（1683年）2月9日_(旧暦)には中世以来断絶していた立太子式が行われて朝仁親王が正式に皇太子に立てられた。
• On December 30, an imperial proclamation to nominate Shinomiya was issued, renaming him Imperial Prince Asahito, who was officially invested in crown princedom in the ceremony of investiture of the Crown Prince next year, on March 7, 1683, the first such rite after a long interval since the (Japanese) Medieval Age.

• 慶長5年（1600年）、関ヶ原の戦い後に細川忠興が九州へ移されると、丹後国には信濃国飯田城より、京極高知が田辺城 (丹後国)に入り（幕府に届出た正式な居城は宮津城）、丹後一国を領した（丹後藩）。
• In 1600, when Tadaoki HOSOKAWA was transferred to Kyushu after the battle of Sekigahara, Takatomo KYOGOKU entered Tanabe Castle (in Tango Province) from Iida Castle in Shinano Province (Miyazu was the official residential castle that reported to the Bakufu), and controlled the country of Tango (the Tango han domain).

• 選択した場合、スクリーン上のフィールドを指定するのに、正式な勘定科目ラベルである「借方」と「貸方」を使用します。選択しない場合、増加/減少、'入金'/'出金'のような非公式なラベルを使用します。
• If active, formal accounting labels 'Credit'and 'Debit'will be used when designating fields on screen. Otherwise, informal labels such as Increase/Decrease, 'Funds In'/'Funds Out', etc. will be used.

• 徳川幕府の領土安堵後の慶長7年（1602年）、当主の座を正式に島津忠恒に譲り渡して隠居したが、以後も江戸幕府と都度都度書状をやりとりするなど絶大な権威を持ち、死ぬまで家中に発言力を保持していた。
• In 1602, after successfully concluding negotiations with the Tokugawa Shogunate, he officially transferred the position of family head to Tadatsune SHIMAZU, and retired; however, he retained significant influence, as evidenced in his exchanging correspondences with the Edo bakufu, and was continually sought out for counsel within the family until his death.

• 1951年9月に日本国との平和条約（サンフランシスコ講和条約）が成立し、正式に日本が独立国に復帰した際以来、日本放送協会のラジオ放送で連日放送終了後にオーケストラによる『君が代』の演奏が始まった。
• Since the Peace Treaty with Japan (Peace Treaty signed in San Francisco) was concluded in September 1951 and Japan came back officially as an independent country, 'Kimigayo' was performed by an orchestra every day at the end of radio broadcasting by Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK).

• 本来は口宣案が担当者に渡された後に、全く同じ内容の命令が太政官から担当者に宣下される手筈となっていたが、後には太政官での宣下手続が省略されて、口宣案をもって正式な命令証書とみなされるようになった。
• Originally, it was arranged so that the kuzen-an was handed to the working-level officials and then the same order was issued by the Daijokan to the working-level officials -- Later, the step of issuing the order at the Daijokan was omitted, and the kuzen-an was considered to be the formal rescript.

• 戦後のオスマン帝国の解体とトルコ共和国の成立という目まぐるしい情勢の変化を経て、1924年発効のローザンヌ条約締結、1925年の大使館開設により、ようやく日本とトルコは正式の国交を結ぶことになる。
• Through drastic changes of circumstances such as the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the establishment of the Republic of Turkey after the war, Japan and Turkey finally entered into diplomatic relations following the conclusion of the Treaty of Lausann in 1924 and the establishment of the Embassy in 1925.

• イーター機構の事務局長、又は正式に認可指名された代表、及び産業担当省及び研究担当省の保安国防理事会は、フランスの秘密情報の入手に必要な職位のリストを共同で作成することによって、知る必要性を定める。
• The Director General of the ITER Organization, or his duly cleared appointed representative, and the Security and Defense Directorates of the Ministry in charge of Industry and of the Ministry in charge of Research shall define the need-to-know by elaborating jointly a list of positions that may require access to French classified information.

• 足利尊氏が後醍醐天皇の建武の新政を打倒し、持明院統の光明天皇より征夷大将軍の宣下を受け正式に幕府を開く一方、後醍醐天皇は京都を脱出して吉野に吉野朝廷を開き、北朝と南朝が両立する南北朝時代がはじまる。
• Takauji ASHIKAGA crushed Emperor Godaigo's Kenmu Restoration, and after being appointed Shogun by Emperor Kogon of the Jimyoin lineage, he formally established his bakufu; Emperor Godaigo, on the other hand, escaped from Kyoto and established a new imperial court at Yoshino, ushering in the Northern and Southern Courts period--the period during which both the Northern and Southern Courts existed simultaneously.

• 正式名称は「無所属」であるが、貴族院議員は法律上はほとんどが無所属であり、またこの会派も含めたどこの会派にも属していない「純無所属」議員との区別が付かなくなってしまう為にこの名称で呼ばれる事が多い。
• The formal name is 'Independents;' however, most members of the House of Peers were not legally affiliated with any party, and those members could not be distinguished from the members of 'Pure Independents' who were not affiliated with any party including even the faction within the Diet, so the name of 'the Independent Party' was used.

• 「コーヒー」「コーヒー飲料」などの表示の定義はしばらく存在しなかったが、1977年 業界団体は製造規約を制定、のちに公正取引委員会が正式に告示した『参考文献・リンク』に基づき次の3種類に区分された。
• Although the labels like 'Coffee,' 'Coffee beverage,' and so on, had not been defined for some time, the trade organization laid down manufacturing rules in 1977 and classified the products into the three types below according to 'Bibliography and links' officially announced by Japan Fair Trade Commission later.

• 『Scotish』は、『The Scottish Symphony』や『Scottish authors』、あるいは、『Scottish mountains』のような、より正式な言葉遣いの傾向がある
• `Scottish' tends to be the more formal term as in `The Scottish Symphony' or `Scottish authors' or `Scottish mountains'

• 更に時応界都（辛戒道）は偽使者とされており、1421年4月7日に正式な宗氏の使者である仇安里が「時応界都（辛戒道）の言ったことは妄言である。対馬を攻めるのは日本を攻めるのと同じだ」と強く否定している。
• Moreover, although he claimed to be an emissary of Korea, Shiokatsu (also known as Keido SHIN) is believed to have been an imposter, and in the entry for the seventh day of the fourth month of 1420, Anri KYU, the official envoy of Sejong, is recorded as having been highly critical of Shiokatsu, saying: 'What Shiokatsu has said is rash and thoughtless. To attack Tsushima is to attack Japan.'

• 即位の際に天皇が着座し、その即位が象徴的に示される天皇の正式な御座所である高御座は京都御所の紫宸殿にあるため、今上天皇の即位の礼「正殿の儀」（「紫宸殿の儀」に相当）に際しては皇居宮殿に一時移設された。
• Takamikura, a formal imperial chamber used at the enthronement ceremony in which an Emperor seats himself to symbolically represent his Imperial Throne, is located in Shishinden in Kyoto Gosho, and thus, at the time of the Ceremony of Enthronement 'Seiden no Gi' for the current Emperor (corresponding to 'Shishinden no Gi') the Takamikura was temporarily relocated to the Imperial Palace in Tokyo.

• 平氏政権滅亡後の鎌倉時代には日宋間の正式な国交はなかったが、鎌倉幕府は民間貿易を認め、文治元年（1185年）に九州に設けられた鎮西奉行は、博多を統治して幕府からの御用商船を宋へむけて派遣することとした。
• During the Kamakura period after the decline of the Taira clan government, there were no official diplomatic relations between Japan and the Sung dynasty, but the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) allowed private trade and in 1185 chinzei bugyo (a magistrate of Kyushu region) established in Kyushu governed Hakata and sent bakufu-controlled commercial ships to Sung.

• 八代城には立孝の子・宮松（細川行孝）が残されたが、藩主細川光尚（忠利の子）はこれに宇土郡・益城郡内から3万石を与えて宇土支藩とし、筆頭家老松井興長（長岡佐渡守）を八代3万石の城主（正式には城代）とした。
• Tatsutaka's son Miyamatsu (Yukitaka HOSOKAWA) remained at Yatsushiro Castle, but the head of the clan Mitsunao HOSOKAWA (Tadatoshi's son) gave him land with a yield of 30,000 koku in Uto-gun and Mashiki-gun and made his top retainer Okinaga MATSUI (the governor of Nagaoka-Sado Province) the castellan (formally 'the keeper of castle') of Yatsushiro Castle with its income of 30,000 koku.

• この戦いで蓮綱は幽閉されて間もなく死去、蓮慶は処刑され、蓮悟・顕誓・実悟は加賀を脱出して全国の末寺・門徒に対して引き続き追討命令が下され、6年後の旧賀州三ヶ寺門徒の本覚寺襲撃計画を理由に正式に破門された。
• Consequently, Renko was confined and died soon, Renkei was executed, Rengo, Kensei, and Jitsugo fled from Kaga and became the subject of orders to hunt them down issued to branch temples and followers all through the country, and six years later they were officially excommunicated for the Hongaku-ji Temple assault plan executed by the old Gashu Sanka-ji Temples followers.

• 『公卿補任』（朝廷の人事録）では、関白豊臣秀吉に従って御所へ参内し、秀吉への忠誠を誓って、正式に征夷大将軍位を辞官する天正16年1月13日_(旧暦)（1588年2月9日）まで征夷大将軍として扱っている）。
• In 'Kugyo bu'nin' (a human affairs record of the Imperial Court) Yoshiaki had been Seii Taishogun until February 9, 1588, when he went up to the Imperial Palace following Kanpaku Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and resigned it formally after swearing loyalty to Hideyoshi.

• ただし、その祭の行われる地域の中では、正式な名称を短略化して呼ぶことも多く、時としては、行われる寺社などの名称に「（お）○○さん」または「（お）○○様」などの敬称・愛称をつけ、簡略化した祭りの通り名もある。
• However, in some region where the matsuri is held, it is called by abbreviating its official name, and a simplified common name is sometimes used by attaching an honorary term or term of endearment such as 'XX san' (also referred as O-XX san) or 'XX sama' (also referred as O-XX sama) to the name of temple or shrine where the matsuri is held.

• 学科は「紀伝道」・博士は「文章博士」と別々の正式名称を用いて、通称として「紀伝博士」「文章道」という呼び方も用いられた（ただし、統合当時には「紀伝道」「文章道」の呼称はまだ成立していなかったとする説もある）。
• The subject was called 'Kidendo,' whereas the title, hakase, became 'Monjo hakase,' although they were also commonly known as 'Monjodo' and 'Kiden hakase' (professor of history) (however, there is a theory saying that the names, 'Kidendo' and 'Monjodo,' did not exist at the time of the merger).

• 一般職に属するすべての官職に対する職員の採用又は昇任は、すべて条件附のものとし、その職員が、その官職において六月を下らない期間を勤務し、その間その職務を良好な成績で遂行したときに、正式のものとなるものとする。
• The employment or promotion of officials to every government position in the regular service shall be considered conditional and shall become regular only after the appointee shall have served in the government position concerned for a period of not less than six months during which he/she shall have performed satisfactorily the duties of that position.

• 1603年（慶長8年）に江戸幕府が開かれると、土御門家は幕府から正式に陰陽道宗家として認められ、江戸圏開発にあたっての施設の建設・配置の地相を担当したほか、後の日光東照宮建立の際などにしばしば用いられている。
• When the Edo bakufu was established in 1603, the Tsuchimikado family was officially acknowledged as the main branch of Onmyodo with their service often being sought for judging chiso, for the construction and layout of facilities when Edo was developed and when Nikko Toshogu Shrine was built later on.

• 肩書として位階と勲等を用いる場合、古くからの儀典の慣例として、「正三位勲一等日本太郎」のように勲章を省くのが正式とされ、たとえば国会議員が死亡した場合の国会での弔詞でもそのような勲章省略の肩書で故人を呼称した。
• According to the traditional protocol, the court rank and the medal for merit were formally put as the title without the decorations like 'Senior Third Rank, the First Order of Merit, Taro NIPPON,' which was seen as an example in the message of condolence for a member of the Diet read in the Diet.

• 万川集海(まんせんしゅうかい、ばんせんしゅうかい、正式には『萬川集海』と表記する）とは延宝四年(1676年)に伊賀の国、郷士で藤林長門守の子孫である藤林左武次保武が書いた22巻、別巻1からなる忍術兵法書である。
• Mansen Shukai (also called Bansen Shukai; '万川集海' is officially written as '萬川集海' in Chinese characters) is the ninjutsu (ninja art) strategy book including 22 volumes with an additional one volume attached to it written by Samuji Yasutake FUJIBAYASHI, who was a descendant of goshi (country samurai) Nagatonokami FUJIBAYASHI, in Iga Province in 1676.

• ハーフォード氏は時々小さな部隊の一員となり、そこまで行けばメンバーが正式に真の旅行者の資格を得ることになる、市のはずれのパブにできるだけ早く到着する目的で、日曜日の正午を過ぎるとすぐに町を出発することがあった。
• Mr. Harford sometimes formed one of a little detachment which left the city shortly after noon on Sunday with the purpose of arriving as soon as possible at some public-house on the outskirts of the city where its members duly qualified themselves as bona fide travellers.

• 徳川家康以来、江戸幕府歴代将軍が鷹狩を愛好した事からこうした役職はその時々に応じてあったと考えられているが、若年寄の下に10人が鳥見に任じられて正式な役職として成立したのは寛永20年（1643年）のことである。
• Although the post is believed to have been created because falconry was the favorite sport of shoguns since Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, it did not become an official position until 1643 when 10 torimis were appointed under the wakadoshiyori.

• 上杉謙信（便宜上、以後は謙信とする）は、上杉憲政・近衛前久らと相談、義氏の古河公方就任を完全に否定し、関白・関東管領の名において藤氏を足利晴氏（前年死去）の後継として正式に古河公方として任命することを決定した。
• Kenshin UESUGI (for convenience, hereafter referred to as Kenshin) consulted with Norimasa UESUGI, Sakihisa KONOE and others and then completely denied Yoshiuji's assumption of Kogakubo and decided to officially appoint Fujiuji as Kogakubo as a successor of Haruuji ASHIKAGA (who died in the previous year) in the name of Kanpaku and Kanto Kanrei.

• 後に足利義満の斡旋により、正式な譲位の儀式を行うとともに今後の皇位継承については両統迭立とするという条件で、大覚寺統の後亀山天皇が三種の神器を持明院統の後小松天皇に引き渡し、南北朝の分裂は終わった（明徳の和約）。
• Later, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA helped organize the official enthronement ceremony and there was a condition for sharing the Imperial Throne (Ryoto Teiritsu); in terms of succession to the imperial enthronement, Emperor GO-KAMEYAMA from Daikakuji-to gave three holy durables to Emperor KOMATSU, thus marking the end of the division of the Northern and Southern Courts (the Meitoku Treaty or Meitoku Compromise).

• 竹島（リアンクール岩礁） - 二つの無人島である竹島は、日本と朝鮮からほぼ等距離の日本海にあり、日本により1905年に正式に領有権が主張され、明らかに韓国から抗議されることなく、島根県隠岐島支庁の管轄下に置かれた。
• Takeshima (Liancourt Rocks) – The two uninhabited islets of Takeshima, almost equidistant from Japan and Korea in Japan Sea, were formally claimed by Japan in 1905, apparently without protest by Korea, and placed under the jurisdiction of the Oki Islands Branch Office of Shimane Prefecture.

• 執匙の高階経由は痘瘡の治療経験が乏しかったため、経験豊富な西尾兼道・久野恭（いずれも小児科医）を召集して拝診に参加させた結果、いよいよ痘瘡の疑いは強まり、17日に武家伝奏などへ天皇が痘瘡に罹ったことを正式に発表した。
• Since the physician (equivalent to doctor) in charge of daily health checks, 高階経由, did not have much experience treating smallpox, Kanemichi NISHIO and Kyo HISANO (they were both pediatricians) who had treated smallpox before, were called in to participate in the medical examination, there was more possibility that the Emperor might have smallpox, on the 17th, the Imperial Palace made an official announcement to Buketenso (an Imperial official in charge of communications between the samurai and the court) that the Emperor was infected with smallpox.

• （関西系芸妓は正式にはお歯黒を付けるが現代では通常は付けない/関東系はお歯黒を付けない（関東系遊女は付ける）；どちらも引眉はしない）というのが一般的である（地方などは土地柄によって束髪に普通の化粧という場合もある）。
• (Formally speaking, in the Kansai region, they used to apply tooth blackening which they no longer practice today in general, whereas, in the Kanto region, they did not apply tooth blackening (while prostitutes in Kanto did) and neither drew eyebrows with charcoal or pencil and, depending on the location in some rural areas, they wore simply wore their hair up in a bun and regular makeup.)

• 荘園の成立時において、公験を得て正式に承認を受けると、朝廷（太政官弁官局または民部省）から派遣された使者（官使）及び国司から派遣された使者（国使）、荘官3者の立会のもとで荘園と公領などそれ以外の土地との境界を確認した。
• When shoen (manor in medieval Japan) was established and officially authorized by obtaining Kugen (official documents authorized by kokushi (provincial governors) or Gunji (local magistrates) for transfer of the ownership of private property), its boundaries with other lands like koryo (public lands) were confirmed in the presence of an envoy dispatched by Imperial court (either Dajokan Benkan kyoku (Oversight Department: division of the Dajokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices) or Minbusho (Ministry of Popular Affairs)) (kanshi), an envoy dispatched by Kokushi (kokushi) and shokan (an officer governing shoen).

• 上記の理由から『ターヘル・アナトミア』が正式な書名とは言い難く、本来なら『クルムス解剖書』のように呼ぶのが妥当であるが、杉田玄白が『蘭学事始』の中で何度も『ターヘル・アナトミア』と表記しているので、一般に広まっている。
• For the above reasons, it is difficult to say that 'Taheru Anatomia' is the formal title of the book, and for all intents and purposes it is appropriate to call it such as 'Kulmus' Anatomy'; however, in 'Rangaku Kotohajime,' the author Genpaku SUGITA refers to the book on numerous occasions as 'Taheru Anatomia,' leading to a spread of this term of reference.

• 昭和4年（1929年）、船越義珍が師範を務めていた慶應義塾大学唐手研究会が般若心経の「空 (仏教)」の概念から唐手を空手に改めると発表し、昭和9年（1934年）には大日本武徳会において、空手という名称が正式に承認された。
• In 1929, a karate club at Keio University, where Gichin FUNAKOSHI taught as a grand master, announced that the Chinese spelling of karate would be changed to '空手' based on the philosophy of 'ku (空) (tentative self, ephemeral life)' espoused by Hannya Shingyo (Heart Sutra), and this spelling was authorized by the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai in 1934.

• 和銅7年（714年）には首皇子の元服が行われて正式に立太子されるも病弱であったことと皇親勢力と外戚である藤原氏との対立もあり、即位は先延ばしにされ文武天皇の妹である元正天皇が「中継ぎの中継ぎ」として皇位を継ぐことになった。
• In 714, genpuku (a ceremony held to celebrate one's coming of age) was held for Prince Obito, and he was invested as crown prince, but due to his poor health and a conflict between pro-imperial forces and the Fujiwara clan, who were maternally related to the Imperial family, his enthronement was postponed and the Empress Gensho, younger sister of the Emperor Monmu, succeeded to the Imperial Throne as 'an interim empress for the interim emperor'.

• 北山院（足利義満夫人・後小松天皇准母）の入内（正式参内）の記録によると供奉の多くの女房の小腰が唐衣と同じ色と記されており、この頃から小腰が注目され始め、同時に唐衣と配色をあわせる風習が成立しはじめていたことをうかがわせる。
• According to the record when Kitayamain (the wife of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA and the Emperor Gokomatsu's mother equivalent) was sent to court to marry the emperor, many lady servants wore kogoshi with the same color as karaginu, and it implied that kogoshi attracted attention and at the same time, color matching with kogoshi and karaginu was establishing then.

• なお、旧幕府時代、名目上は独立国でありながら実質上薩摩藩の支配下にあった琉球王国に関しては、廃藩置県の際に「琉球藩」が設置されて日本国家内に取り込まれることとなり、1879年（明治12年）に沖縄県として正式に県に編入された。
• In addition, the Ryukyu Kingdom, which was nominally an independent country but actually was under the control of Satsuma Clan in the Shogunate period, belonged to Japan when Ryukyu domain was established at the time of Haihan-chiken, and then Ryukyu was formally incorporated into Japan as Okinawa prefecture in 1879.

• 更に明治11年（1878年）5月27日には大蔵卿大隈重信の建議を受けて正式に金銀複本位制を採用して、これまで開港場のみで通用を許していた1円銀貨及び貿易銀を日本国内でも強制通用力のある貨幣として扱い、その無制限使用を許した。
• On May 27, 1878, Japan formally adopted the gold and silver bimetallism according to the proposal by Okura-kyo (Minister of the Treasury) Shigenobu OKUMA, and designated one yen silver coins and silver trade coins that had been used only in the open ports as legal-tender coins and allowed their unrestricted use.

• 会津藩には武士身分で構成される正規治安部隊、京都見廻組（組長＝佐々木只三郎）があり、農民・商人身分で構成される新撰組（組長＝近藤勇）は、会津藩の京都における非正規治安部隊（後年は近藤らは幕臣になり正式な治安部隊になる）である。
• In the Aizu Clan, the formal security force was the Kyoto Mimawarigumi (Commander = Tadazaburo SASAKI), and Shinsen-gumi (Commander = Isami KONDO), composed of men with the social position of farmers/merchants, was the non-formal security force of the Aizu Clan for the Kyoto area (in later years, KONDO and others became vassals of the shogunate, and thus Shinsen-gumi became a formal security force).

• 1874年（明治7年）、明治政府教部省が禅宗を臨済、曹洞の二宗と定めたため、強引に「臨済宗黄檗派」（りんざいしゅうおうばくは）に改称させられたが、1876年（明治9年）、黄檗宗として正式に禅宗の一宗として独立することとなった。
• Because the Meiji government's Ministry of Religion restricted Zen to the two sects of Rinzai and Soto in 1874, it was forced to change its name to 'Rinzai sect Obaku-ha'; however, in 1876 it formally gained independence as the Obaku sect, one of the Zen sects.

• 意思決定権限が適正な場所(施設)に存在しているか、現状の有資格運転員を制御室外の ERO(TSC 内)に集結させるべきか、そして、事業者の緊急時対応責任者はシビアアクシデント管理の正式な免許を取得しているべきか、といった概念。
• Concepts such as whether decisionmaking authority is in the correct location (i.e., at the facility), whether currently licensed operators need to be integral to the ERO outside of the control room (i.e., in the TSC), and whether licensee emergency directors should have a formal “license” qualification for severe accident management.

• 1874年9月に開始された交渉は一旦は実務レベルの関係を回復して然るべき後に正式な国交を回復する交渉を行うという基本方針の合意が成立（「九月協定」）して、一旦両国政府からの方針の了承を得た後で細部の交渉をまとめるというものであった。
• The negotiation started in September 1874, once reached an agreement ('September Agreement') on the basic policy that restores practical level relationship and have an official negotiation to restore the diplomatic relation after a reasonable period of time, and then, finalize the details after gained approval from both governments on the policy.

• 初めは幕府側の私的な指名を受けて特定の貴族が就任していたが、九条道家が失脚した寛元4年（1246年）以後は幕府による指名によって任命される正式な役職となり、源頼朝と婚姻関係（姪の嫁ぎ先）があった西園寺家当主による事実上の世襲となる。
• Initially, a specific court noble privately designated by the bakufu assumed the post, but after Michiie KUJO lost his position in 1246, it became an official post designated by the bakufu and the post was hereditarily assumed effectevely by the head of the Saionji family that had a marital relation with MINAMOTO no Yoritomo (his niece entered the Saionji family through a marriage).

• これは鎌倉幕府によって正式に補任されて荘園を支配した地頭は荘官としては下司もしくは中司に相当する場合が多く、幕府に仕える御家人が上司となって幕府が補任した同じ御家人である地頭との間に上下関係が発生することを危惧したための規定である。
• This regulation was formulated by the Kamakura bakufu, because the bakufu was worried about rivalries between the gokenin serving it, if one were appointed to Joshi while another was appointed to the post of Jito, which often corresponded to the lower ranks such as Geshi and Chushi, in order to control a Shoen manor.

• しかし、通親は頼朝死去の正式発表前に自分の右近衛大将就任を繰上で発動して、同時に右近衛大将の推薦という形式で（次期将軍になるであろう）頼朝の嫡男源頼家の左近衛中将任命の手続きを取ってから「頼朝死去」の喪を発するという離れ業を演じた。
• However he moved to secure the position of Ukone no daisho before the official announcement of Yoritomo's death and, after completing the procedure to appoint MINAMOTO no Yoriie, who was the heir of Yoritomo (and expected to become the next shogun) to Sakone no chujo (Middle Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards) by recommendation of Ukone no daisho at the same time and while placing the court in mourning.

• 持統天皇6年（692年）から（持統天皇4年（690年）からとの説もある）、中国から輸入した新しい暦である儀鳳暦を試用するため元嘉暦との並用を始め、5年後の文武天皇元年（697年）からは元嘉暦を廃して儀鳳暦を正式に採用することとなった。
• As a preparation for adoption of Gihoreki, a new calendar imported from China, Genkareki and Gihoreki started to be used together in 692 (or 690, according to some theory), and after five years Genkareki was abolished and Gihoreki was formally adopted in 697.

• 翌承安3年（1173年）、清盛は答礼使を派遣し、また、後白河院からは大輪田泊までの商船通航許可を得て宋の商船に瀬戸内海を航行させ、また、後白河院が宋の使者に答物を贈ったことによって、宋とのあいだに正式に国交が開かれて日宋貿易が拡大した。
• In 1173 Kiyomori sent toreishi (errand to return call or visit), got the license for passage of merchant ships to Owada no tomari from Goshirakawa, made the Sung merchant ships pass through Seto Inland Sea and expanded the trade between Japan and Sung Dynasty in China because Goshirakawa gave a present to the Sung messenger in return and the diplomatic relations with Sung were officially opened.

• 末法思想は、『大集経』（正式には『大方等大集経』）の「我が滅後に於て五百年の中は解脱堅固、次の五百年は禅定堅固、次の五百年は読誦多聞堅固、次の五百年は多造塔寺堅固、次の五百年は我が法の中に於て闘諍言訟して白法隠没せん」などを典拠とする。
• The source of Mappo shiso is the description of 'Daijkkyo Sutra' (officially, 'Daihododaijikkyo Sutra' (Mahsamnipata sutra)) saying, 'Gedatsu Kengo (Age of enlightenment) will remain solid for 500 years after my death, Zenjo kengo (the age of meditation) will remain solid for the following 500 years, Dokuju tamon kengo (the age of reading, reciting, and listening) will remain solid for the following 500 years, Tazo toji kengo (the age of building temples and stupas) will remain solid for the following 500 years and in the following 500 years, there will be disputes concerning my teaching and correct teaching will be forgotten.'

• 式外社には、朝廷の勢力範囲外の神社や、独自の勢力を持っていた神社（熊野那智大社など）、また、神仏習合により仏を祀る寺であると認識されていた神社、僧が管理をしていた神社（石清水八幡宮など）、正式な社殿を有していなかった神社などが含まれる。
• The Shikigesha shrines include shrines which were out of the Imperial Court's sphere, shrines which had their own influence (such as Kumano Nachi Taisha Shrine), shrines which were thought to enshrine the Buddha due to the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism, shrines which were under Buddhist priests' control (such as Iwashimizu Hachimangu Shrine), and shrines which did not have a formal shrine building.

• 実は、母・穏子が没すると身辺が寂しくなったらしく、同年に妻・雅子内親王を亡くしたばかりの師輔と正式の婚儀を経る前に懇ろになってしまったのが事実のようで、『大鏡』では弟・村上天皇の面前で藤原実頼にその節操の無さを暴露された話が紹介されている。
• The fact seemed to be that, after her mother, Onshi, died, she felt lonely, and had affairs with Morosuke whose wife, Imperial Princess Masako (or Gashi), had just died, before the official procedures for marriage took place, and 'Okagami' (the Great Mirror) introduces an episode where FUJIWARA no Saneyori revealed her unprincipled behavior in front of her younger brother, Emperor Murakami.

• 日本の鉄道開業（にっぽんのてつどうかいぎょう）では、日本初の鉄道路線である汐留駅 (国鉄)～桜木町駅間が、1872年（明治5年）9月12日 (旧暦)（天保暦、翌年から採用されたグレゴリオ暦では10月14日）の正式開業を迎えるまでについて記す。
• Here, in 'Railway opening in Japan,' the background to the official opening of Japan's first railway line between Shiodome Station (Japanese National Railways) and Sakuragicho Station on October 14, 1872 is described.

• 当初は首都圏に近いということで栃木県小山駅構内にあった小山機関区が保存機関区の最有力候補であったが、「日本の中央部」に立地していることと、「周辺に名所旧跡がある」という観点から、1970年に梅小路機関区（当時）が保存機関区に正式に選定された。
• The Koyama engine yard at Koyama Station in Tochigi Prefecture was the best candidate for the locomotive preservation area because it was close to the capital, but the Umekoji engine yard was chosen in 1970 for its central location in Japan and the presence of other historic spots in the area.

• 少年に対して正式な告訴がされた訳ではありませんでしたが、ネロが暗くなってからなにかよからぬ意図をもって粉屋の家の近くをうろついていたとか、アロアと付き合うのを禁じられて、コゼツのだんなに恨みをもっていた、とかいった類のうわさ話が広まりました。
• and though no serious charge was ever preferred against the lad, it got bruited about that Nello had been seen in the mill-yard after dark on some unspoken errand, and that he bore Baas Cogez a grudge for forbidding his intercourse with little Alois;

• 明治8年（1875年）には、これまでメキシコドルに一致させてきた一円銀貨の品目（銀含有率）を米ドルの貿易銀貨と一致させることとし、正式に「貿易銀」と呼称し、事実上の本位貨幣として扱われることとなった（なお、新貨条例は「貨幣条例」と改称された）。
• In 1875, though 1 yen silver coin content (silver content percentage) had been equivalent to that of Mexico dollar, it became equivalent to silver trade coins of the U.S. dollar, called 'silver trade dollar' formally, and was handled as de facto standard money (New Currency Regulation was renamed 'The Currency Act').

• 3月3日（3月31日）、ペリーは約500名の兵員を以って武蔵国神奈川の横浜村（現神奈川県横浜市）に上陸し、全12箇条に及ぶ日米和親条約（神奈川条約）が締結されて日米合意は正式なものとなり、徳川家光以来200年以上続いてきた、いわゆる鎖国が解かれた。
• On March 3 (March 31), Perry landed in Yokohama Village of Musashi Province in Kanagawa (present-day Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture), where a 12-article treaty between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan was signed (the Treaty of Kanagawa), that is, the agreement between Japan and the United States became official, and Japan's 200 years of national isolation that stretched back to the regime of Iemitsu TOKUGAWA came to an end.

• さらに高向玄理（たかむこうのくろまろ）とともに国博士（正式官制ではない諮問機関で天皇側近の政策ブレーン）に任じられ、「大化の改新の詔」をはじめとする諸詔勅・法令・制度等に大きくかかわり、649年（大化5年）には八省百官の制を創案をするなど活躍した。
• He was subsequently assigned as Kokuhakase (political brain, an unofficial advisory body, a close aide to the Emperor and) along with TAKAMUKO no Kuromaro, playing a key role in developing various Imperial proclamations, ordinances, and systems including the 'Proclamation of Taika Era Reforms' and Hassho hyakkan no sei (Eight-ministry Hundred-kan system) in 649.

• 華美を好むあまりに身内の眉をひそめさせることもあった妍子だが、亡くなる間際に身を清め、正式な受戒を済ませての潔い臨終であり、道長は末娘嬉子に続く次女の死に「老いた父母を置いてどこへ行かれるのか、私達も供をさせてくれ」と泣いて取り縋ったと伝えられる。
• Even though Kenshi was frowned upon by her relatives for her lavishness, she underwent a purification of her body and a formal Buddhist service just before her death as Michinaga clung to her and mourned 'Where are you going, leaving behind old parents? Please let me accompany you' for the death of his second daughter following that of his youngest daughter Kishi.'

• でも、アメリカでライセンスを受けている数少ないアニメがメカ（巨大ロボット) ジャンルのものだったということから見て、これがアメリカで正式にライセンスを受ける可能性は絶対ないし、あってもローカライズの過程でむちゃくちゃに切り刻まれてしまうと思っていた。
• They thought that there was no way it would ever be licensed in America given that the select few anime licensed in America were of the mecha (giant robot) genre, or were grotesquely mutilated when localized.

• さらに帰りが夜となったので義家は束帯（朝廷での正式な装束）から非常時に戦いやすい布衣（ほい：常服）に着替え、弓箭（きゅうせん）を帯して白河天皇の乗輿の側らで警護にあたり、藤原為房の『為房卿記』には、「布衣の武士、鳳輦（ほうれん）に扈従（こしゅう）す。
• In addition, since the return trip was at night, Yoshiie changed from soukutai (traditional formal court dress) to hoi (everyday clothes), which were easier to fight in case of emergency and, armed with bows and arrows, formed an escort on either side of the Emperor's palanquin, leading FUJIWARA no Tamefusa to comment in 'Tamefusa-kyo-ki' (A Diary of FUJIWARA no Tamefusa), 'Plain-clothed warriors attending the imperial carriage.

• なお、一部には現存本『儀式』の中に昌泰年間に統合された兵庫寮の名称が見られることなど、昌泰・延喜年間に初出する語句が登場することから、石塚一石は延喜13年8月29日宣旨を『貞観儀式』の草稿を正式な儀式として編纂することを命じたものとする説を出している。
• In the meantime, Kazushi ISHIZUKA asserts that the imperial decree issued on October 6, 913 was the order for compiling the draft of 'Jogan gishiki' into the official one on the grounds that the terms created during the Shotai and Engi era, such as Hyogoryo (Bureau of Military Storehouses) which was integrated in the Shotai era, are found in the existent book of 'Gishiki.'

• フメリニツキーの乱でもフメリニツキーはワルシャワの中央政府で正式に登録されたコサックでシュラフタ（ポーランド貴族）とみなされており、しかも国王の錦の御旗を立てることでこれは強訴でありポーランド国家そのものに対する反逆行為ではないことをアピールしている。
• In the Khmelnytsky Uprising, Khmelnytsky insisted that it was goso and not treason against the nation, based on the fact that he was considered as a Cossack officially registered in the central government in Warsaw and as a szlachta (noble), and that he raised the banner of the King.

• 野外において修される護摩法要を、柴燈・採燈（灯）（さいとう）護摩というが、真言系当山派では、山中で正式な密具の荘厳もままならず、柴や薪で檀を築いたので「柴燈」とし、天台系本山派では、真言当山派の柴燈から採火して護摩を修するようになったので「採燈」という。
• The goma service performed outdoors is referred to as the Saito goma, with the Shingon sect line Tozan school using the kanji meaning 'firewood light' for 'Saito' as it was impossible to decorate the esoteric tools such as Buddha statues and temples in a formal manner in the mountains where they built the gomadan with firewood or logs, whereas the Tendai sect line Honzan school uses the kanji meaning 'receiving the light' as that school acquires light from the saito of the Shingon sect line Tozan school to perform the goma.

• 1924年 埴原正直駐米大使の書簡により連邦議会が排日に傾き、5月の合衆国移民法1924 （排日移民法）成立により、正式には7月1日以降、実質的には6月24日、移民船「シベリア丸」でサンフランシスコ港に到着した移民を最後に日本人の移民が全面的に禁止される。
• In 1924, due to the letter from Masanao HANIHARA, the U.S. Congress took on a hostile attitude toward Japanese, and the Immigration Act, 1924 (Japanese Exclusion Act) passed in May, and officially after July 1st, though in reality from June 24th onwards, Japanese immigration was totally banned and those who arrived in San Francisco Harbor on the 'Siberia' were the last Japanese immigrants to the U.S.

• 越訴方では越訴が正当と判断される場合には内談の場にて越訴頭人・越訴奉行人によって越訴状と落居事書（判決原案）との比較審理が行われ、先沙汰（原判決）が問題ありと判断された場合、御教書を発給して改めて奉行人を選定し、越訴頭人の指揮の下で正式な裁判が改めて開かれた。
• If the Ossokata determined that their osso were justifiable, the Ossotonin (head of the Ossokata) and the Ossobugyonin (officials in charge of retrials and accepting appeals) privately discussed and compared the petition for osso with the original judgment, and if they decided that the judgment was not fair, they issued a migyosho (document for informing of decisions made by third or upper ranked authorities), elected anew bugyonin, and started a formal trial under the command of the ossotonin.

• 祇園精舎（ぎおんしょうじゃ）、正式名称祇樹給孤独園 精舎（ぎじゅぎっこどくおん しょうじゃ、サンスクリット：Jetavana Anathapindadasya-arama）は、中インドのシュラーヴァスティー（舎衛城）にあった寺院で、釈迦が説法を行ったとされる場所。
• Jetavana Vihara (the formal name is 'Jetavana Anathapindadasya-arama' in Sanskrit) was a temple at Sravasti in Middle India, where Buddha preached sermons.

• 准后は貞観_(日本)13年(871年)、清和天皇が外戚である摂政藤原良房に、三宮に準じて年官・年爵・封戸を賜ったのがはじまりであり、以後、良房の養嗣子　藤原基経が摂政在任中に、三后に准じて随身兵杖、任人、年官・年爵を賜ったことで准后が朝廷の正式な制度として定着した。
• The position of Jugo was created in 871 when the sessho (regent) of that time, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa (who was a maternal relative of Emperor Seiwa), was granted nenkan, nenshaku and fuko by the emperor; subsequently, Jugo became firmly established as an institution of the Imperial Court when, during his tenure as sessho, FUJIWARA no Mototsune was granted zuishin hyojo (armed government officials who accompanied aristocrats as a mark of their dignity and to provide them with protection), ninjin, nenkan, and nenshaku by the emperor in the same way as the Sango would be.

• その後、1926年（大正15年）に制定された皇室儀制令（大正15年皇室令第7号）第12条に「天皇太皇太后皇太后皇后皇太子皇太子妃皇太孫皇太孫妃ノ紋章ハ十六葉八重表菊形」と定められ、第13条に「親王親王妃内親王王王妃女王ノ紋章ハ十四葉一重裏菊形」と正式に定められている。
• Later, Article 12 of Koshitsu Giseirei (the act that sets the ceremonies of the Imperial Court, crests of Imperial family, banners, seating arrangements in Imperial ceremonies, etc.) (Taisho 15 nen Koshitsurei Dai 7 go - No. 7 of the Imperial family's Act in 1926) enacted in 1926 defined that 'the crest of the emperor, grand empress dowager, queen mother, empress, crown prince, crown princess, son of the crown prince, and daughter of the crown prince shall be Jurokuyo-yaegiku-omotekikugata (eightfold Chrysanthemum with sixteen leaves facing up),' and Article 13 of the act officially specified as 'the crest of the Imperial Prince, Imperial Princess, Imperial or Royal princess, king, princess, and queen shall be Jushiyo-hitoe-urakiku (Chrysanthemum with onefold blossom facing down and fourteen leaves).'

• 中世初期（平安時代後期～鎌倉時代中期）までの荘園公領制においては、郡司、郷司、保司などの資格を持つ公領領主、公領領主ともしばしば重複する荘官、一部の有力な名主百姓（むしろ初期においては彼らこそが正式な百姓身分保持者）が管理する「名田」（みょう）がモザイク状に混在していた。
• Under shoen koryo sei (The System of Public Lands and Private Estates) in the early medieval period (from the late Heian period to the mid-Kamakura period), the 'myo' (rice-field lot under the charge of a nominal holder), which was managed by a lord of public land qualified as Gunji (a local government official), Goji (a local government official under the Ritsuryo system) or Hoji (an officer governing public land), shokan (an officer governing a shoen (manor)) often overlapped that of a lord of public land or some powerful myoshu (owner of rice fields) who was concurrently a peasant (they instead officially held peasant status in the early age) was mixed in a mosaic-like manner.

• この案をほぼそのまま継承した「戸籍編成例目」が翌明治3年（1870年）3月に正式に大蔵省から太政官に提出されたが、戸籍を大蔵民部省（当時、大蔵省と民部省が実質統合されていたことから付けられた俗称）が行うことに東京府知事大木喬任を始めとして地方官が反対したことから実現しなかった。
• Following this proposal as it almost was, 'Koseki hensei rei moku (family register formation illustration list)' was presented officially by Okurasho (Ministry of Treasury) for Dajokan in March of the next year (1870), but it did not materialized because chihokan (local officials) led by Takato OKI, the Governor of Tokyo Prefecture, who opposed for Okura-Minbusho (commonly called due to the fact that Okurasho and Minbusho were virtually unified) to deal with the family register

• 1524年、弟の長祗が相良長定に攻められて翌年に自殺すると、1526年に僧兵をかき集めて長定を破り、還俗して太郎長隆と名乗って相良氏の家督を継ごうとしたが、僧上がりの長隆に対して相良一族や家臣団は従おうとせず、長隆は正式に家督を継ぐこともできず、人吉城から逃亡し、永里城に入った。
• When Nagataka SAGARA's younger brother, Nagamasa was attacked by Nagasada SAGARA in 1524 and Nagamasa killed himself the next year, Nagataka gathered up monk soldiers and, with them, beat down Nagasada in 1526, after which he returned to the secular life naming himself Taro-Nagataka and tried to succeed to the headship of the Sagara family, however, the whole Sagara family and their vassal groups would not obey Nagataka who had been a priest, and Nagataka could not formally succeed to the headship of the family, thus he ran away from Hitoyoshi-jo Castle, and went to Nagasato-jo Castle.

• 例えば、京都市役所の所在地である「京都市中京区寺町通御池上ル上本能寺前町488番地」の場合は、「上本能寺前町」が土地登記上の正式の町名（郵便番号もこれに割り当てられる）、「寺町通」は建物が面している通りの名であり、「寺町通御池上ル」は「寺町通と御池通の交差点から北に行った位置」を表す。
• As for the address of the Kyoto City Hall 'Kyoto-shi Nakagyo-ku Teramachi-dori Miike Agaru Kami-Honnojimae-cho 488 Banchi / 488 Kami-Honnojimae-cho, Teramachi-dori Miike Agaru, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City,' for example, 'Kami-Honnojimae-cho' is the official town name (to which a ZIP code is assigned) in the land registry, 'Teramachi-dori' is the name of the street on which the building is located, and 'Teramachi-dori Miike Agaru' points to 'the place to the north of the intersection of Teramachi-dori and Miike-dori streets.'

• やがて平安時代中期以降に、摂関政治や荘園制が蔓延して律令体制がさらに緩むと、堂々と律令の禁を破って、正式な陰陽寮所属の官人ではない「ヤミ陰陽師」が私的に貴族らと結びつき、彼らの吉凶を占ったり災害を祓うための祭祓を密かに執り行い、場合によっては敵対者の呪殺まで請け負うような風習が横行した。
• Before long, as the ritsuryo system became more relaxed after the mid-Heian period, with the Sekkan seiji (politics run by the sessho and kanpaku) and the shoen (manor) system becoming widespread, a custom developed in which 'illegal onmyoji,' who were not bureaucrats that belonged officially to the Onmyoryo, openly violated the ritsuryo by privately getting close to noblemen, starting what became a common practice of them secretly performing divinations to judge good and bad luck or ceremonies to prevent disasters; in some cases, people would even contract them to cast a spell to kill an adversary.

• また、明治時代末期から第二次世界大戦敗戦まで、当時の政府の公式見解においては、南朝 (日本)を正統な皇統としてこの時代を「南北朝時代 (日本)」と称していたが、その結果、北朝 (日本)が任じた初代尊氏・2代足利義詮・3代足利義満（南北朝合一以前）は正式な将軍とは認められていなかった（皇国史観）。
• Also, according to the official opinion of the government at the time, from the end of the Meiji period until defeat in World War II, Nancho (Japan) was regarded as the legitimate imperial line, and this age was referred to as the 'period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan)'; because of such a view, the first shogun Takauji, the second shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA and the third shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA were not acknowledged as official shoguns (based on imperial history).

• 詔書・勅書が太政官の正式な手続、宣旨が発給されるまで蔵人・上卿・弁官など複数の役人の間で伝言がなされたのに対し、綸旨はそれよりもさらに手続きが簡略され、蔵人が「綸言は以下の通り」（書出部分ならば「蒙綸旨云/被綸言云」・書止部分ならば「綸言如此/天気如此」という文言）と書いて自らの名義で発行した。
• Shosho (an imperial edict, decree) and chokusho (an official document issued by the Emperor) were issued by Dajokan (Grand Council of State) through official procedures after the imperial edict was informed to two or more government officials such as Kurodo, Shokei (court nobles who work at the Imperial Court as high rank post) and benkan (officials of the Dajokan), while rinji was issued by Kurodo through more simplified procedures, in the name of Kurodo as containing the phrase 'The imperial edict is as follows' (the phrase '蒙綸旨云/被綸言云' (the following imperial edict is given) was stated at the front, and the phrase '綸言如此/天気如此' (the imperial edict is as stated above) was stated in the conclusion.).

• 正式な成立年代は未詳であるが、永延～寛徳年間（987年～1048年）に成立した『玄々集』（能因撰・私撰集）に『増基法師集』中の歌が2首収められ、また応徳3年（1086年）撰進の『後拾遺和歌集』には同じく10首入集していることなどから、遅くとも11世紀中頃には成立していたのではないかと考えられる。
• The accurate year of completion is unknown but it is estimated that the collection had been completed by the mid-11th century at the latest based on the facts that two poems from 'Zokihoshishu' were included in 'Gengen shu' (a personal collection of poetry by Noin) that was completed during Eien and Kantoku era (987-1048); ten poems were selected in 'GoShui wakashu' compiled and presented to the Emperor in 1086.

• 遠景の後について、中原親能・武藤資頼が継いだとする説もあるが、瀬野精一郎は、遠景後の後継者について諸説あることをまとめた上で、「鎮西奉行は一般的呼称にすぎず、鎌倉幕府の正式な官職名ではなかったとする説（佐藤進一説）もあるごとく、その性格がなお不明瞭な点が多いことに起因しているといえる」と指摘している。
• There are theories stating that NAKAHARA no Chikayoshi and Sukeyori MUTO succeeded the post of Chinzei Bugyo after Tokage, but alluding to the existence of numerous theories regarding the successor of Tokage, Seiichiro SENO (Japanese historian) points out that, 'The Chinzei Bugyo was nothing but a common title and we can say that this is due to its vague nature as a job as there are theories denying it an official title (theory purported by Shinichi SATO).'

• 1868年に明治新政府が旧幕府領を天皇直轄領（天領）として府・県に編成した際に、大名領は天子たる天皇の「藩」であると観念されたこともあり、「藩」は新たに大名領の公称として採用され、藩主の居所（城持ち大名の場合は居城）の所在地の地名をもって「何某藩」という名前が正式の行政区分名となった（府藩県三治制）。
• When the new Meiji government regionalized the former territories of the bakufu into prefectures called Fu or Ken as the direct control territories of the emperor (tenryo) in 1868, 'Han' was newly adopted as an official name for the daimyo's domains because the daimyo's domains were thought to be the emperor's 'Han', so 'XX Han' became the official way of calling administrative divisions, with the 'XX' for the Hanshu's location (or castle, if daimyo had one) (fu-han-ken sanchisei [fu-han-ken tripartite governance system].)

• そこで、昭和8年（1933年）に西園寺を助ける目的で「重臣」制度が設けられて、総理大臣経験者と枢密院議長が元老西園寺とともに会議を開いて後継選定を図ることにしたのが始まりである（五・一五事件後の後継首相奏薦にあたっても元老は首相経験者から意見を聴取しているが、正式な手続きとして定められたものではなかった）。
• It was for this reason that in 1933 the 'senior statesmen' system was established to help SAIONJI, and that former prime ministers and the Chairman of the Privy Council, together with genro SAIONJI, started to hold a meeting to plan the selection of a successor (Genro had heard the opinions of former Prime Ministers after the May 15th Incident upon recommending a succeeding prime minister to the Emperor, but that had not been established as an official procedure then.).

• 本来は員外配置である「権職（ごんのしょく）」（律令本来の定めにはない運用法で、当初の実態は該当職務を行わないにもかかわらず該当職と同等の待遇とする暫定名誉職位で、正式な○○職任命者以外に任命された『権（ごんの）○○』と呼称する○○職待遇のことであったが、後に常設化されると正職官と同等かそれに近い権限を持つようになった）が、常態化された。
• Gon no shoku' (a staffing practice not prescribed in the ritsuryo while in reality, 'gon no shoku' did not initially perform any of the corresponding duties, it was set up as an honorary interim job title having the status of 'Gon no X' when assigned to someone other than a formal appointee for that job and later when it was made a permanent post, it had the authority equivalent or close to that of the official position) was made a permanent position.

• 創価学会は、1990年（平成2年。正式な破門は翌1991年）に日蓮正宗に破門されて以来、日蓮正宗への攻撃に多くの時間と労力を費やしており、「仏敵を責めること」が重要であるという立場から、聖教新聞などの機関誌では連日のように日蓮正宗への誹謗中傷や人権侵害を繰り返しており、特に前法主日顕を含む高僧に対しては、とりわけ激しい中傷が繰り返されている。
• Since Sokka Gakkai was excommunicated in 1990 (the official year of excommunication was in the following year, 1991), they spent much time and energy attacking Nichiren Shoshu Sect, and their point of view is that it is important to 'attack the opposition to Buddha,' and they repeatedly wrote slander and gossip or invasion of human rights in their in-house magazines such as the Seikyo newspaper, and there is repeated severe slander towards the high priest including former Hoshu, Nikken.

• 3代将軍足利義満の時代には幕府組織の再編が進み一時御前沙汰は行われなくなるが、出家していた元管領細川頼之を幕府に呼び戻す際に、幕府役職になかった頼之を幕府の政策決定に関与させるために正式な評定ではなく、出席者の人選に決まりが無く主宰者である将軍の意向が反映しやすい非公式な評定である御前沙汰の形式で評定を行って幕府の政策に関する重要決定を行った。
• In the tenure of the third shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the bakufu was substantially reorganized and gozen-sata ceased once, but the shogun began holding consultations in the informal style of gozen-sata for making bakufu's important policy decisions for the purpose of having the former shogunal deputy Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, who had entered the priesthood and had been out of bakufu office, participate in the bakufu's policy-making when the shogun sought to bring him back to bakufu -- because gozen-sata was not a formal consultation, the members of which were selected mostly at the discretion of shogun, the head of the consultation.

• その後、日中戦争下で汪兆銘政権が成立すると、同政権を擁護する立場から不平等条約破棄が検討され、1940年11月30日に日華基本条約が結ばれて不平等条約は正式に破棄された（ただし、この条約で日本軍の中国国内への駐留が認められ、また満州国を事実上承認する日満華共同宣言が併せて締結されたことから、汪兆銘政権への中国国民の反感を高める結果となっている）。
• After that, when the regime of Wang Zhaoming was established during the second Sino-Japanese War of 1937-1945, Japan, which defended the regime, considered the abrogation of the unequal treaty, the Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and China was concluded on November 30, 1940 and the unequal treaty was formally abrogated (however, the presence of Japanese troops in China was accepted in the treaty, and the Japan-Manchukuo-China Joint Declaration which practically recognized Manchukuo was concluded at the same time, as a result, the hostility of the Chinese people toward the regime of Wang Zhaoming increased).

• すると陰陽寮の「正式な陰陽師」においてもこの風潮に流される者が続出し、そのふるまいは本来律令の定める職掌からはるかにかけ離れ、方位や星巡りの吉凶を恣意的に吹き込むことによって天皇・皇族や、公卿・公家諸家の私生活における行動管理にまで入り込み、朝廷中核の精神世界を支配し始めて、次第に官制に基づく正規業務を越えて政権の闇で暗躍するようになっていった。
• As a result, a steady stream of the 'official onmyoji' in Onmyoryo subsequently began to go along with the flow of the times and their actions were far from their duties as prescribed by the original ritsuryo and by arbitrarily indoctrinating lucky and unlucky directions or aspects of stars, they intruded into controlling private activities of the Emperor/Royal family and kugyo/kuge (court noble) and started to manage the inner space of the nerve center of the Imperial Court, working behind the scenes in the shadow of the administration going beyond the normal duties based on the official system.

• 維新期の皇后として社会事業振興の先頭に立ち、華族女学校（現学習院女子部）や、お茶の水の東京女子師範学校（現お茶の水女子大学）の設立、日本赤十字社の発展などに大きく寄与した（赤十字社の正式紋章「赤十字桐竹鳳凰章」は、紋章制定の相談を受けた際、皇后がたまたま被っていた冠が桐と竹の組み合わせで出来ていた事から、「これがよかろう」という事で決められたという）。
• As an empress after the Restoration, Shoken took the lead in social work promotion and greatly contributed to the establishment of Kazoku Jogakko (present day Gakushuin School Corporation Girl's Division) and Tokyo Joshi Shikan Gakko (present day Ochanomizu University), along with the development of the Japanese Red Cross Society and others (it is said that the official crest for the Red Cross Society, the 'Red Cross Kiritake Phoenix,' was decided on from the crown, made by a combination of paulownia wood and bamboo, which Shoken happened to be wearing on the occasion she was consulted for the decision of the crest.

• その理由は、「仲哀天皇がいまだ崩御していないという建前をとったためその代理だから」という意味か、または「特に理由はなく、称制も広義の摂政の中の一種という建前でただ慣習的に称制という言葉が使われなかっただけ」というわけなのか、あるいは「応神天皇は胎中天皇と称されたように胎児の頃からすでに正式な天皇であってその代理」という主旨なのか、いずれにしてもよくわからない。
• The reason for above is unknown, although there are some possibilities of the following, 'since Emperor Chuai's death was not announced officially after he died, and it was temporary measure,' or 'there was no particular reason, the word Shosei was being used as a custom, since it also meant Regent after all,' or 'Shosei meant temporarily government since Emperor Ojin was officially considered as proper Emperor and he was called Emperor Taichu (Taichu means inside mother's womb).'

• また朱子学（旧来の思想に対抗して生れたように考えられた）、特に陽明学（後に説明されるように、これは明朝が正式に認めた学問であった朱子学に対抗して生まれ出たように見えた）は、敗戦後の日本に於ける近代思惟・反権力・人間解放などの概念と容易に結びつき、朱子学及び陽明学の中、比較的それらの概念に近似する部分を抜き取り、そこに思想的価値を与えるという試みが盛んに行われた。
• Shushigaku (considered to have arisen in opposition to traditional thinking), and especially Yomei-gaku (as described later, considered to have arisen in opposition to Shushigaku, which was officially authorized by the Ming Court), were easily linked in a defeated Japan to concepts such as modern thinking, antiauthoritarianism and human emancipation; as a result, most scholars have frequently attempted to extract from Shushigaku and Yomei-gaku the elements that are relatively close to these concepts and attempt to attach an ideological value to them.

• 原文：「The Return of Sherlock Holmes」所収「The Adventure of the Norwood Builder」 翻訳：枯葉 2000年7月26日公開 2001年5月17日修正 プロジェクト杉田玄白正式参加テキスト。最新版はhttp://www005.upp.so-net.ne.jp/kareha/にあります。
• Copyright ; Arthur Conan Doyle 1903, expired. Copyright ; Kareha 2000-2001, waived.

• 広義には足利尊氏が1336年（建武 (日本)3年）に建武式目を制定し、1338年に正式に京都に幕府を開いてから、15代将軍足利義昭が1573年に織田信長によって追放されるまでの235年間の足利将軍の存続期間を指すのが一般的であるが、前期を南北朝時代 (日本)、後期を戦国時代 (日本)とそれぞれ区分して、南北朝合一から明応の政変（あるいは応仁の乱）までを狭義の室町時代とする場合も多い。
• In the broadest sense, the term 'Muromachi period' refers to the 235-year span during which the country was at least nominally ruled by an Ashikaga Shogun, beginning when Takauji ASHIKAGA enacted the Kenmu Code in 1336 before formally creating the bakufu in Kyoto in 1338, and ending when Nobunaga ODA exiled the fifteenth Shogun, Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, in 1573; however, both the early and late stages of the Muromachi period can also be classified as the Northern and Southern Courts (Nanbokucho) (Japan) and Sengoku periods, respectively, so many favor a narrower definition of the Muromachi period, in which it is limited to the span from the unification of the two courts (in 1392) until the outbreak of the Meio Coup (in 1492, or alternatively the outbreak of the Onin War in 1467).

• ポーランド史最大のロコシュは、1648年から1657年にかけて、当時はポーランド王国領であったウクライナで、ポーランド国会（セイム）のコサック（首都ワルシャワの中央政府に登録されたコサックはポーランド・リトアニア同君連合における正式な地方貴族だった）冷遇政策に反発したコサックたちが自治権などコサックの権利拡大を求めてポーランド国王の錦の御旗を立てて起こしたフメリヌィーツィクィイの乱であると言える。
• But the biggest rokosz in the Polish history is the Khmelnytsky Uprising in Ukraine, the territory of the Kingdom of Poland at the time, which continued from 1648 until 1657 and in which Cossacks (whose registration in the central government in Warsaw, the capital, officially made them local nobles in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) in the parliament (Sejm) who objected to the discriminatory policies on them raised a rebellion with the banner of the King raised, appealing for furthering of their rights including autonomy.

• 「南無」はnamo (サンスクリット語) の漢語への音写語で「わたくしは帰依します」と意味し、「妙法蓮華経」の五字はサンスクリット語の「サッダルマ・プンダリーカ・スートラ(saddharmapuNDariika-suutra、)」を鳩摩羅什（くまらじゅう、サンスクリット語 Kumārajīva,、クマーラジーヴァ、略称 羅什（らじゅう）または什（じゅう））が翻訳した版の法華経の正式な題名（題目）である。
• '南無' (Namu) is a transliteration of Namo (Sanskrit) to Chinese and it means 'I devote myself,'and the five letters, '妙法蓮華経'(myoho-renge-kyo), were the formal title of Hokkekyo (the Lotus Sutra) when it was translated from 'saddharmapuNDariika-sutra'in Sanskrit by Kumarajiva (Sanskrit Kum{a-}raj{i-}va, abbreviated as Raju or Ju).

• 前三項の規定は、人事院で扱われる調査又は審理の際人事院から求められる情報に関しては、これを適用しない。何人も、人事院の権限によつて行われる調査又は審理に際して、秘密の又は公表を制限された情報を陳述し又は証言することを人事院から求められた場合には、何人からも許可を受ける必要がない。人事院が正式に要求した情報について、人事院に対して、陳述及び証言を行わなかつた者は、この法律の罰則の適用を受けなければならない。
• The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs shall not apply where information is requested by the National Personnel Authority during an investigation or hearing conducted by the National Personnel Authority. It shall not be necessary for any person to secure permission from anyone to make a statement or testify on any secret or restricted information when so requested by the National Personnel Authority during or as part of such investigations or hearings conducted under the jurisdiction of the National Personnel Authority. Failure to make a statement or testify before the National Personnel Authority on such information upon its official request shall make the individual liable to the penal provisions of this Act.

• 原文：「The Return of Sherlock Holmes」所収「The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton」 翻訳：枯葉 2000年12月30日公開 2001年5月17日修正 プロジェクト杉田玄白正式参加テキスト。最新版はhttp://www005.upp.so-net.ne.jp/kareha/にあります。 Copyright ;
• Arthur Conan Doyle 1904, expired. Copyright ; Kareha 2000-2001, waived.

• 国司は中央政府から検田権を委譲されると、治田（ちでん、田堵の開発した小規模の墾田）や公験（くげん、正式に土地所有を認めた文書）のない荘園・私領（郡司・郷司など在地領主の所領）を次々に没収して国衙領に組み入れ、税収を確保しようとした（この権限が強かったことは、若狭国にあった摂関家の荘園が国司に接収された際に関白藤原頼通が国司に公験不備を指摘されると、国司の判断を妥当とした（『小右記』万寿2年9月1日・13日条）ことでも明らかである）。
• When the right of cadastral surveys was transferred to kokushi from the central government, the shoens and private lands (lands of local lords such as gunji (district managers), goji (a local government official under the ritsuryo system) and so on) without chiden (small scale land already developed by tato) or kugen (official documents authorized by kokushi or gunji (local magistrates) for transfer of the ownership of private property) were confiscated one after another into kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) in order for them to secure tax revenue (it is clear that this authority was strong because when the shoen of sekkan-ke in Wakasa Province was confiscated by kokushi and it was pointed out that FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, the chief adviser to the emperor, was wrong in kugen, the judgment of kokushi was justified (in the description on September 1 and 13, 1025 in 'Shoyuki' (Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke)).

• その後、幸仁親王の子・有栖川宮正仁親王が嗣子無く没したため、霊元天皇の皇子・有栖川宮職仁親王が入って第5代を継承し、以後、6代・有栖川宮織仁親王、7代・有栖川宮韶仁親王、8代・有栖川宮幟仁親王、9代・有栖川宮熾仁親王、10代・有栖川宮威仁親王と、いずれも直系を以って伝えたが、1913年（大正2年）1月5日、威仁親王の薨去によって実質的に断絶が確定し、1923年（大正12年）6月29日、威仁親王妃慰子の薨去によって正式に絶家となった。
• Subsequently, Prince Yoshihito's child, Prince Arisugawa no miya Tadahito, died without having any children, Emperor Reigen's Prince Arisugawa no miya Yorihito succeeded as the fifth court noble, followed by the sixth prince, Arisugawa no miya Orihito; the seventh prince, Arisugawa no miya Tsunahito; the eighth prince, Arisugawa no miya Takahito; the ninth prince, Arisugawa no miya Taruhito; and the tenth prince, Arisugawa no miya Takehito, it was passed down through the lineage; however, on January 5, 1913, after the death of Prince Takehito, it was definite that there was no successor to take over the family, so on June 29, 1923, the family name officially died after Princess Yasuko (Prince Takehito's wife) passed away.

• その一方で、平安時代中期の著作である『政事要略』が書名を『貞観儀式』とせずに『儀式 貞観』としているのは、当初からこの書名は『儀式』と称されており、『政事要略』は単に脚注として編纂年代である元号の「貞観」を付記したに過ぎないこと、『本朝法家文書目録』は今日では存在が疑問視されている三代儀式の存在を前提に書いており、実際には存在しなかった弘仁儀式を掲げるなど正確性に疑問があるとして、正式な書名は『儀式』であるとする森田悌らの説も存在する。
• On the other hand, Tei MORITA etc. asserted the official book title must be 'Gishiki' arguing that the author of 'Seiji yoryaku,' compiled during the mid-Heian period, used 'Gishiki Jogan' instead of 'Jogan gishiki' in order to add the era name of 'Jogan' in which the book was compiled while acknowledging the title of the book was 'Gishiki' from the very beginning, and that the credibility of 'Honcho hoka monjo mokuroku' is doubtful because it was written on the premise of the existence of Sandai gishiki whose existence is questioned at present and it listed Konin gishiki (ceremony in the manner of the Konin era) which, in reality, did not exist.

• また、歴史学界からは相手にされない説であるが、鎌倉時代の『一代要記』、南北朝時代の『本朝皇胤紹運録』に記載の天武の年齢に基づくと、天武は天智より4歳年長であると解釈できることから、一部の研究家により第40代天武天皇の父親は第34代舒明天皇でないとする仮説（佐々克明、小林恵子、大和岩雄ら）が提唱されており、その場合父親が誰であろうと母親が第37代斉明天皇であったことが皇位継承の条件であったことになるとの主張もあるが、これは仮説であり正式なものとはされていない。
• In addition, according to the age of Tenmu stated in 'Ichidaiyoki' (summary chronicle of each reign) in the Kamakura period and 'Honcho Koin Joun roku' (the Emperor's family tree) in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, Tenmu was four years older than Tenji, for which some scholars including Katsuaki SASA, Keiko KOBAYASHI, and Iwao OWA advocate a tentative theory that the father of the fortieth Emperor Tenmu was not the thirty-fourth Emperor Jomei, and it is also advocated that the prerequisite for succeeding to the throne was that his mother was the thirty-seventh Emperor Saimei no matter who his father was; anyway, this is a tentative non-official theory and not accepted by the historical community.