模: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 大規模解析
- large-scale analysis
- 相模人形芝居
- Sagami ningyo shibai (Sagami puppet play)
- 低迷からの模索
- Seeking in the slump
- 規模は小さい。
- The scale of the street stall business in Fukuoka is small.
- 模様入りの障子紙
- Watermarked shoji paper
- 和服の部品の模式図
- Schematic view of Wafuku parts
- 断簡・模本について
- Fragmentary Leaves and Copies
- 模様木(もようぎ)
- Moyogi Style (Curved Tree)
- - 仏を模した像。
- This is a statue in imitation of Buddha.
- 梅林の規模・栽培種
- Area of Tsukigase Bairin and Type of Cultivated Plum Trees
- 唐草模様(からくさ)
- Karakusa-moyo (literally, Chinese grass patterns)
- 神奈川県相模原市()
- Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture
- 相模国府による官営。
- It was under official management of the Sagami kokufu.
- 代表的な模写された作品
- Major reproductions
- 大規模寺院における稚児
- Ritual children in big Buddhist temples
- Chigo in large-scale temples
- 灯台を模したものである。
- Some are designed in imitation of a light house.
- 面には波状の模様がつく。
- They have a corrugated surface.
- 館山城模擬天守に所在する。
- It is located in the imitation tenshu of Tateyama-jo castle.
- 平業房(左衛門佐・相模守)
- TAIRA no Narifusa, who had titles of Saemon no suke (Provisional Captain of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards) and Sagami no kami (the governor of Sagami Province).
- 戦闘が始まった模様である。
- A war seemed to have started.
- 米俵に模して四角に仕上げる。
- It is formed into a square modeling a komedawara (bag of rice).
- 行政の規模や負担者による種別
- Classification by the size of the government and by the person in charge.
- 京都タワーを模して造られた。
- It was designed after the model of Kyoto tower.
- 戦いの有無と規模に関する考察
- A consideration on the existence or nonexistence and the scale of the war
- 漁業に使用される網を模った文様
- A pattern imitates the meshes used for fishing.
- 観世流に次ぐ第二の規模を誇る。
- They are the second biggest school after the Kanze school.
- 東博模本(東京国立博物館所蔵)
- Tohaku reproduction (possession of the Tokyo National Museum).
- はじめ、相模四郎時利と号した。
- He called himself Sagami-Shiro Tokitoshi.
- 前半部は十次郎と初菊の恋模様。
- In early part, it was a love story between Jujiro and Hatsugiku.
- かつては日本最大の規模を誇った。
- They used to be the biggest toji school in Japan.
- 二種類あり模様の大小で区別する。
- There were two types of this cart, and people distinguished them by the size of the patterns.
- 元は神饌の赤米、白米を模した物。
- It originated from the offering to the gods, which consisted of red rice and white rice.
- 第1触角と歩脚は白黒のまだら模様。
- The first antenna and ambulatory legs are a patchy pattern of black and white.
- 北側(裏)は唐草模様がえがかれた。
- On the back side of the screen facing north, arabesque designs are painted.
- (模本を含め)次の4作が知られる。
- Including the copies, the following four are well known.
- 長尾家旧蔵模本(ホノルル美術館蔵)
- Nagaoke kyuzo mohon (old copy belonging to the Nagao family) (in the possession of the Honolulu Museum)
- 唐の太子三師を模倣したものである。
- This Togu-no-fu position was modeled after Taishisanshi of the Tang Dynasty.
- 長屋との大きな違いはその規模にある。
- The major difference between merchant houses and nagaya (row houses) is their size.
- 繊細な模様を描くことが可能となった。
- This noribosen enabled kimono designers to portray delicate patterns.
- 本来は麻にしか染められなかった模様。
- The pattern was originally dyed only on hemp.
- 団扇を模した夏用の団扇簪などが有名。
- Uchiwa-kanzashi, which is designed after uchiwa (round fan), is well-known as seasonal kanzashi for summer.
- 模造刀はぶつけられた部分から折れた。
- The imitation sword was broken at the point struck.
- 中規模以上の曲では頻繁に転調がある。
- In numbers exceeding medium length there are frequent key changes.
- 弓矢を射る事を模式的に例えた舞踊り。
- It is a dance which shows shooting Yumiya.
- 白河上皇は大規模な拡張工事を行った。
- Emperor Shirakawa undertook a huge scale expansion.
- 毎年50万の人出があり日本一の規模。
- A crowd of 500,000 people, the largest in Japan, show up there each year.
- 幽霊に直接係わる若しくは模したもの。
- Things directly related to or modeled after yurei
- 大規模な作品となることも少なくない。
- It often becomes a large-scale work.
- その規模は、東洋一を誇るといわれる。
- It is regarded the largest of its kind in the Orient.
- 蝉の模造を飾りとして付けたものが多い。
- Many have an imitation of cicada attached.
- お稽古が進むほどに模様の段数が増える。
- As you acquire proficiency, the number of stripes on your fan increases.
- 5・6重は夢殿を模した八角堂であった。
- The fifth story above ground was octagonal, modeled after Yumedono (Hall of Dreams).
- 明の算術書『算法統宗』を模範としたもの。
- The idea for the book was taken from the Ming mathematical treatise called 'Sanpo toso.'
- 模様は季節に準じたものを使うのが大原則。
- Designs should be chosen, in principle, according to season.
- シカの背中のような模様から名付けられた。
- This name originates from patterns similar those found on a deer's back.
- 全国規模の納豆製造会社(丸美屋)がある。
- There is a natto manufacturing company that operates on a national basis (e.g. Marumiya).
- 長尾家旧蔵模本から更に模したものとされる)
- It is said to be a copy of Nagao ke kyuzo mohon.
- 新田軍は数万規模に膨れ上がったと言われる。
- Thus it is said that the Nitta army grew to a number in the tens of thousands.
- その他に小規模な臨時の除目も随時行われた。
- In addition, small irregular jimoku was performed as needed.
- 翌々年には復活するものの規模は縮小された。
- It was revived two years later but was scaled down.
- あとはその市場規模の中でのシェア争いとなる。
- The manufacturers had to fight for a share within the market size.
- 花や葉の輪郭と葉脈を細い線状の截金で模る文様
- A pattern that imitates the contours of flowers, leaves, and leaf veins using straight pieces of gold leaf.
- 市松模様(いちまつ) / 石畳(いしだたみ)
- Checkered patterns or stone pavement patterns
- 模刻は確かに保存性にも複製性にも優れている。
- Mokoku is surely superior in terms of preservation and replication.
- また、各大名で使える模様が固定化していった。
- On the other hand, a pattern that could be used by each feudal lord was determined.
- 特徴として「絵羽」と言われる模様づけがある。
- Its characteristic is the technique of drawing patterns called 'eba (or eba-moyo)'.
- 襖も幅広く、大胆な市松模様に貼り分けている。
- The Fusuma is also wider and various daring checkered patterns are pasted.
- 日本刀をステンレス製の模造刀の側面にぶつける
- A Japanese sword is struck against the side of an imitation sword made of stainless-steel.
- 襷格子柄や獅子、不動明王等の模様が描かれた。
- It has patterns such as Tasuki-goshi (cross brace), lion or Acala (God of Fire).
- 県内には赤マルソウ等、小規模な生産者がある。
- Small manufacturers such as AKAMARUSOU Co., Ltd. are within Okinawa Prefecture.
- 菱形は女性の性器の形を模していると言われる。
- The lozenge shape is said to have been modeled on the female genitalia.
- 中規模の曲の多くが、途中一度は調弦を変える。
- In most of the medium-length pieces, at least one tuning change occurs.
- このときの大規模な私有土地を初期荘園という。
- The large scale private ownership of land at that time was called shoki shoen.
- 巨船同士の大規模な海戦も行われるようになる。
- And battles on the sea between the huge ships came to be fought.
- 振袖主に未婚女性用の絵羽模様がある正装である。
- Furisode: Full dress for unmarried women with Ebamoyo.
- 御殿を模しての全部の飾り方(段飾りなどを含む)
- Display style of representing a palace and placing all the elements (including the style of a multi-tiered platform)
- 他に、相撲を模して行われるものに紙相撲がある。
- In addition, there is a game called kami-zumo (paper sumo), which follows sumo rules.
- 江戸時代、諸大名が着用した裃の模様付けが発祥。
- It originated from the pattern of kamishimo, which feudal lords wore during the Edo period.
- 現在、五流の内では最も規模の小さい流派である。
- They are currently the smallest school among these five schools.
- 酒井抱一は光琳の模写をさらに模した画を描いた。
- Hoitsu SAKAI painted a replica of Korin's reproduction.
- 京都国立博物館所蔵模本(狩野探幽によって模写。
- Copies in the possession of the Kyoto National Museum (copied by Tanyu KANO)
- 陶磁器にも琵琶を模したものがしばしばみられる。
- We often see ceramics that represent biwa.
- 信長は同時多方面軍を採用し、大規模に活用した。
- Nobunaga adopted an army system which enabled him to react in multiple regions simultaneously and operated it in a large scale.
- 従来の墓の規模を遙かに縮小し、簡素化している。
- This is to make the size of a traditional grave smaller and simplified.
- - 比較的大規模な市場(いち)を中心に栄えた町
- town that prospered around a relatively big market
- 相模蘆名氏と会津蘆名氏の二つの系統が存在する。
- The Ashina clan had two lines: the Sagami Ashina and the Aizu Ashina.
- これが日本最初の大規模土木事業だったとされる。
- These are said to be the first large-scale civil engineering projects in Japan.
- ただし作者には続きの構想案があった模様である。
- However, it seems that the author had the successive plot.
- 稚児髷(平安中期~江戸後期、稚児@大規模寺院)
- Chigomage (From mid-Heian to late Edo Periods; Worn by the boys at large temples)
- 内部は都城を模倣した長方形の区画をもっていた。
- The inner city was divided into rectangular sections as found in castle towns.
- 三浦半島の付け根に位置し、相模湾に面している。
- It is located at the base of the Miura Peninsula and faces the Sagami gulf.
- 豪華な模様を持つものが多いのは、長着と帯である。
- Nagagi and Obi mostly have gorgeous patterns or designs.
- 絵羽模様に限らず小紋や無地で表された振袖も多い。
- Furisode are not always decorated with Ebamoyo, but a lot of them are made of cloth with small repeated patterns scattered all over called Komon or solid color cloth.
- 掛け鎧と呼ばれる古代中国の鎧を模したものである。
- Ryoto is an imitation of ancient Chinese armor called kake-yoroi (a kind of ancient armor made of metal or leather slats spliced to each other with strings).
- 流れる雲を表現したもので、雲の輪郭を線で模る文様
- A pattern that the outlines of clouds are drawn using lines to express flowing clouds.
- 数百万人規模のものが、60年周期に3回起こった。
- Millions of pilgrims flocked three times on a 60-year cycle.
- 多いものでは日産数万食にも及ぶ規模となっている。
- Some suppliers make tens of thousands of bentos a day.
- 現在、模擬天守は館山市立博物館分館となっている。
- Today the imitation tenshu (keep) is used as Branch of the Tateyama Museum.
- この花山新制はかなり大規模な改革を志向していた。
- That new system conducted by Emperor Hanayama aimed to create large-scale reformations.
- 京都市内の古墳の中では蛇塚古墳に次ぐ規模を誇る。
- It is the second largest kofun after Hebizuka-kofun Tumulus among kofuns in Kyoto city.
- 原本は失われ、江戸時代の住吉如慶の模写がのこる。
- The original emakimono was lost, and only the copied version by Jokei SUMIYOSHI during the Edo period still exists.
- 雛人形は、平安貴族の装束(平安装束)を模している。
- The Hina-matsuri dolls wearl the costume of the nobles from the Heian period (costume of the Heian period).
- 後の尾形光琳は雪村を好み、模写を幾つも試みている。
- Korin OGATA, who came later, favored Sesson and attempted at reproduction for a number of times.
- 祭りの規模の大きな地方では迷惑視されることも多い。
- Ohanadai is often considered as an annoyance in the regions where large scale festivals are held.
- この際に用いられたのが、模刻の手法だったのである。
- The method used for this was the mokoku.
- その規模は壮大で、豪華絢爛な催しであったとされる。
- It is thought that those events were held on a large scale and were very large-scale ceremonies.
- 過去には店の丼を模した小型の丼などの景品もあった。
- Other gifts in the past included small models of the bowls used in the shops.
- 木刀(ぼくとう)は、木で日本刀を模したものである。
- 'Bokuto' are wooden copies of Japanese swords.
- 三浦倭館の中では最も小規模で、存続期間も短かった。
- Enbo Wakan was the smallest wakan in Sanpo with the shortest duration.
- 荘園内の名田の規模は地域によって大きな差異がある。
- The size of a myoden within a manor depended on regions.
- 承和11(844)年に相模国高座郡と愛甲郡に開設。
- This Fuseya was established at Takakura-gun and Ayukawa-gun, Sagami Province in 844.
- 柄はや模様は木版で色刷りにしたものを使用している。
- Color woodblock prints are used for the paper's designs and patterns.
- また、歌人相模 (歌人)が仕えたことでも知られる。
- It is known that kajin (waka poet) Sagami served her.
- つまり、「地」とは、曳行を模した演奏のことである。
- In fact, 'Ji' is the performance that represents the drawing danjiri.
- 餅は猪肉、栗は猪の骨、熊笹は牙を模しているという。
- It is said that each rice cake is an imitation of boar meats, while chestnuts and kumazasa imitate boar's bones and fangs respectively.
- 小管弦楽アンサンブルによって雅楽の音色が模倣される。
- The tone of gagaku is emulated by an ensemble of small string and wind instruments.
- これにより、模刻は搨模に代わって模写の主流となった。
- This made mokoku a mainstream copying method to replace the tomo.
- 全体に細かい模様が入っていることが名称の由来である。
- As it literally means, komon has fine pattern all over the whole kinomo.
- その印象深さから何人もの芸術家により模倣されている:
- It made a strong impact on a number of artists and imitated as follows:
- 更紗模様や「鉄腕アトム」の図柄などをあしらっている。
- They have design such as Calico patterns and 'Astro Boy.'
- 友禅(ゆうぜん)とは、布に模様を染める技法のひとつ。
- Yuzen is a technique to dye cloth with patterns on it.
- - カラフルな模様の水風船をかぎ針で吊り上げる遊び。
- It is a game in which one fishes water balloons with colorful designs with a hook.
- 図2は一般的な備(戦闘前)を模式図化したものである。
- Figure 2 shows the pattern diagram of a general sonae (before battle).
- 相模国には戦国時代には後北条氏に従った武田氏がいた。
- During the Sengoku period, the Takeda clan, that followed the Gohojo clan, existed in Sagami Province.
- また、和菓子においてもこれを模しているものが存在する。
- Some Wagasi (Japanese confectionery) imitates this Genjiko-no-Zu.
- しかし中期以降は大規模な通し矢競技は行われなくなった。
- Large scale contests ceased to exist starting from the middle of the Edo period.
- 片端に房がある白地に色糸で菱模様を表した平紐の短い帯。
- This is a short white sash having a flat braid with a diamond-shaped pattern, and at one end there is a tassel.
- 片端に房がある白地に色糸で菱模様を表した平紐の長い帯。
- This is a long white sash having a flat braid which has a tassel at the end and diamond-shaped patterns with colored threads.
- 山間の沢や水路を利用して小規模に栽培されることもある。
- It is sometimes cultivated on a small scale by utilizing the water of streams or other waterways in mountainous areas.
- 級位・段位審査会の主催団体規模は段級位によって異なる。
- The scale of organizing associations to hold Kyu-i/Dan-i examinations varies according to the Dan-i and Kyu-i.
- 火縄銃(種子島)はポルトガルの銃を模倣したものである。
- Matchlock guns (also called Tanega-shima Island) were imitations of Portuguese guns.
- (慶事とされる一方で、大規模な儀式に費用がかかった。)
- (Sauten toji was considered auspicious, and a huge and very expensive ceremony was held on this day.)
- 観音寺城の中でも石垣、石塁の規模が最大の曲輪跡である。
- It is the Kuruwa with the largest stone walls and stone mounds to be found in Kannonji-jo Castle.
- 信長は最も早くこれを大規模に成し遂げることができた。、
- Nobunaga successfully carried out these policies in large scale earlier than the others.
- 石垣がわずかに残っているほか、門が模擬再建されている。
- There are some remains of the stone wall and an imitation gate.
- だが、この様な大規模な巡幸はあまり行われることはない。
- However, such a grand tour has seldom been made.
- 日本海側では珍しい、大規模なリアス式海岸が特徴である。
- The characteristic of Wakasa Bay is the large-scale ria coast, which is rarely seen on the coast of Japan Sea.
- 1990年代以降、小規模な博物館の開館が相次いでいる。
- In and after 1990s, small-scale museums opened one after another.
- 丸帯は縫目が外になるように二つ折りすれば模様が前に来る。
- Maruobi, the most formal Obi, is folded in two so that the seams are outside, then its design comes in front.
- そしてさらに模刻の信頼性を下げたのが、偽物の横行である。
- Furthermore, widespread fraudulent works decreased reliability of mokoku.
- そこに登場したのが、石や木に媒体変換を行う模刻であった。
- Then the mokoku, a method for changing the writing medium from paper to stone or wood, came out.
- 幹が左右に曲線を描くように曲がっている木を模様木と呼ぶ。
- Moyogi style bonsai is one in which the trunk is twisted into a curved line from left to right.
- また、満月を模した「元宵」という丸い団子をゆでて食べる。
- Further, people boil and eat round rice dumplings called 'Yuan Xiao' (glutinous rice balls), which represent the full moon.
- 貿易船は翌徳治2年(1307年)にも再航した模様である。
- The trading vessel seem to have traveled again in 1307.
- 断崖のくぼみのなかに足場を組んだ懸造の小規模な堂である。
- This is a small-size hall in kake-zukuri where the scaffolding poles were put into the hollow of a cliff.
- 歓楽温泉のイメージが強いが、湖国随一の規模と歴史がある。
- Although Ogoto Onsen projects an image of hot springs with nightlife districts, it is the biggest Onsen with the longest history in Shiga Prefecture.
- キツネの耳に模して三角形に仕上げたものが主流とされている。
- It is considered that the one shaped into a triangular form imitating the ear of a fox is the most common.
- こうした大規模なものになると夜を徹することもあったという。
- Such a large-scale tocha was held through the night in some cases.
- この場合この表からは見えない八掛にも模様が入ることがある。
- In this case, even hakkake, although it cannot be observed from outside, may have patterns woven in.
- 皇族札(台座に縞模様がある札)を引いた際には、数枚引ける。
- When a player draws a card by a member of the imperial family (the poet sitting on the plinth with stripes), the player takes a few more cards.
- これは稲穂を模したものであり、五穀豊穣の祈願の意味がある。
- This represents an ear of rice, and is meant to pray for an abundant harvest.
- 尾形光琳は、原画(俵屋宗達の屏風画)に忠実な模写を残した。
- Korin OGATA faithfully reproduced to the original painting (folding screen painting of Sotatsu TAWARAYA).
- 漁に用いるウの数は各地の鵜飼漁の規模や漁法によって異なる。
- The number of cormorant used for fishing is different from the scale and fishing method of Ukai fishing in each area.
- また型染め友禅で複雑な模様は数十枚の型紙を使うこともある。
- A complicated pattern of yuzen dyeing with models may require tens of the pattern papers.
- 祭の規模、山笠の形態、運行方法などは地域により様々である。
- Sizes of festivals, types of yamakasa, and the methods of moving a yamakasa vary from region to region.
- 定例の春秋の除目のほかに臨時に行われた小規模の除目をいう。
- Small-scale jimoku irregularly performed in addition to the regular jimoku in the spring and the autumn.
- また、太閤検地では全国的な規模で統一された方法で行われた。
- A uniform method was used throughout the country for the Taiko-kenchi.
- これにより、両雄の大規模な交戦が避けられない状態になった。
- Here, a battle between the two big cliques seemed to be inevitable.
- そのようなやりとりをしているうち海が荒れ模様になってくる。
- While they are talking, the sea is becoming perilous.
- 的絵(的の模様)には霞的と星的と色(得点)的の3種類がある。
- There are three matoe (pattern of a mato face) types: Kasumi-mato (which literally means 'mist target'), hoshi-mato (which literally means 'star target'), and iro-mato (also referred as tokuten-mato, which literally means 'color [points] target').
- 東京染小紋の技法を用いながら現代的な模様・染料を用いたもの。
- It is made by using modern pattern and dye, employing the technique of Tokyo some-komon.
- 三段之舞は中之舞を、楽は能の楽を、それぞれ模した舞事である。
- Sandan no mai is the mai-goto imitating Chu no mai, and Raku is the one imitating Raku in the Noh play.
- 刷毛目(はけめ) - 白土の刷毛目が模様のように見えるもの。
- Hakeme: bowls where the hakeme (brush marks) on the white clay look like a pattern.
- これは、串に刺さった団子を人間の身体に模しているためである。
- These dumplings stuck on a stick represent human beings.
- 友禅の誕生により自由に模様を描き、明るい色彩が特徴とされる。
- With the birth of yuzen (a kind of printed silk), its freely patterned design and bright colors are said to be characteristic of the Genroku kosode.
- 元々は付け祭りだったが、こちらの方がはるかに大規模になった。
- Originally they were festivals coming with the main festival known as Tsuke Matsuri, but later became much bigger events.
- 光琳の模写はかなり忠実であるが、いくつかの点で異なっている。
- Although Korin's replica is quite identical, it differs in some points.
- また、風神雷神図は多くの画家によって作られた模写が多数ある。
- Moreover, a number of 'Wind God and Thunder God Screens' have been reproduced by various painters.
- また古建築の中庭に関する論考集が相模書房から出版されている。
- Further, a collection of arguments and discussions on courtyards are published by Sagami-Shobo Publisher.
- 一部の寺院における祭礼の際の延年は規模も大きくなっていった。
- The scale of Ennen performed on the occasion of some temples' festival became bigger.
- この時期のもっとも大規模な花見は豊臣秀吉の醍醐の花見である。
- The largest-scaled hanami in that period was Daigo no Hanami which was held by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- - 日本の国旗に模して、白飯の中央に梅干しを一つのせた弁当。
- Box lunch with a red pickled plum in the center of white rice that represents the Japanese national flag.
- 小規模牛丼チェーンの牛丼太郎やたつやも値下げ競争に追随する。
- Small-scale gyudon chains, Gyudontaro and Tatsuya entered the price war.
- 地方の村祭りでは、相撲と弓矢を模した舞神楽を行うものもある。
- In some village festivals in local regions, maikagura (Shinto music and dance) imitating sumo and Yumiya is performed.
- これまでは、個人や小規模なグループによる研究が行われてきた。
- Until now, researches concerned have been conducted by individuals or small-sized groups.
- 6月から全国規模の日本100名城スタンプラリーが開始された。
- Since June 2007, the top 100 castles stamp rally on a nationwide scale has been carried out.
- 彼らは当初は海賊行為を主体とした小規模な集団に過ぎなかった。
- At first they only consisted of small groups that were mainly engaged in pirate activities.
- 相模国の国造にだまされ、火攻めにあった時のことを言っている。
- This implies the incident in which Yamatotakeru was deceived and set fire by the Kuni no miyatsuko (provincial governor) who was in charge of Sagami Province.
- - ヒゲクジラの下あごから腹にかけての縞模様の凹凸部分の肉。
- - Meat of striped uneven portion from lower jaw to belly of baleen whale.
- 若狭湾には西端の丹後半島のほか、小規模な半島も多数見られる。
- On the coast facing Wakasa Bay, there exist Tango Peninsula (in its west end) and many other smaller peninsulas.
- しかし壇上の内裏雛は内裏の宮中の並び方を人形で模すことがある。
- The dairi-bina on the platform may, however, represent the position in the imperial court in the imperial palace.
- 上級品では、内側の面に鑿(のみ)で細かな模様を一面に彫り込む。
- Higher-grade instruments have a minute pattern carved all over the inner surface of the do.
- また、おかめの顔を模した具材の配置をするからとも言われている。
- It is also said that it was called Okame soba because the toppings were arranged to simulate the face of Okame (a plain looking woman).
- 同じ動きをする組立て模型キットが学習研究社より発売されている。
- A kit of a model doll that makes the same movements as the above is sold by Gakken Holdings Co., Ltd.
- 各模様は刺繍のように見えるが、実際は取り外し可能になっている。
- Each of the patterns resembles embroidery but is actually detachable.
- それらの調製元は小規模な業者がほとんどであり、衰退傾向にある。
- As most of these producers are operated on a small scale, this group is declining gradually.
- 代わりに、農地の小規模独立経営を推し進める政策が採られていく。
- Instead of that, a policy to facilitate small-scaled independent management over the agricultural land was adopted.
- 5世紀には大阪平野を中心にさらに大規模な前方後円墳が営まれた。
- In the fifth century, some zenpo-koen-fun, much larger than before, were constructed mainly in the Osaka Plain.
- 当時は二葉亭以外にも、多くの作家が言文一致の新文体を模索した。
- At that time, many writers including FUTABATEI groped for a new style of genbunicchi.
- 体色は黒色で頭胸甲に黄色の模様、腹の節ごとに黄色の縁取りがある。
- The body color is black, its carapace has yellow patterns, and every node has yellow hemming.
- イセエビに似るが歩脚に白い縦線があり、第1触角にしま模様がない。
- It resembles Ise ebi, but its ambulatory legs have white vertical lines and its first antenna does not have horizontal stripes.
- 訪問着女性用(未婚、既婚の区別なし)の絵羽模様がある礼装である。
- Homongi: Formal wear for married and unmarried women with Ebamoyo.
- その後、明治・大正に入り、規模が大きな寄席も現れるようになった。
- During the Meiji and Taisho periods after that, large-scale yose also appeared.
- よって、寒天印象材からは素早く石膏模型を製作しなければならない。
- Thus the plaster figure must be quickly produced from the agar impression material.
- 11世後半に相模国において武力衝突のあったことを示す記録はある。
- There was a written record of a military conflict at Sagami Province in the mid-eleventh century.
- 元慶以後には、全ての日程が終了した後に大規模な竟宴が開催された。
- Beginning in the Gangyo era, a large party was held after finishing the complete schedule of the events.
- 明治時代には、大規模で営業を目的とした無尽業者が発生していった。
- During the Meiji period, large-scale operation-oriented Mujin dealers developed.
- 即位以来、憲法の精神を守りつつ平成の天皇のあり方を模索している。
- Since his enthronement, observing the spirit of the constitution, he has tried to find the ideal image of the Emperor in the Heisei period.
- 前述したように検査が煩雑で、小規模製造とするにはハードルが高い。
- As described above, examinations are cumbersome and it is difficult to produce it on a small scale.
- 山科区側のポータルはレンガを模したタイルによって修景されている。
- The portal on Yamashina Ward side is renovated with tiles, imitating brick walls.
- 大衍暦は非常に整備された暦法であり、その形式が後世の模範となった。
- It was an extremely well-formulated calendar, which became a model for the later generations.
- そのため、西陣など織物産地で複雑な模様の織物が次々生まれていった。
- Therefore, the wide variety of elaborated woven textiles including 'Nishijin ori' (Nishijin textile) were produced one after another in various textile-producing areas.
- トラジャ族による大規模な葬祭が知られ、首狩りとの関連も指摘される。
- A large-scale funeral by Toraja is known, and a relation with headhunting is pointed.
- このため、同じ書蹟を模刻しても出来にばらつきが生じて来るのである。
- Thus outputs made by mokoku vary in quality even if they are based on the same calligraphy.
- こちらは生活用品など身近にある物を細かい模様にして洒落を楽しんだ。
- They made ordinarily objects like tools into a fine pattern and enjoyed the demand for this fashion.
- 当日のニュースでもその模様や御製・皇后宮御歌・詠進歌が紹介される。
- Utakai Hajime, ohomi uta, kisai no miyano miuta and other poems are also introduced on the news on the day Utakai Hajime is held.
- 徳川葵でも御三家それぞれでは、葉の模様(芯)の数の違いなどがある。
- Each gosanke had a different Tokugawa Aoi, the leaf stripe patterns of which were distinct.
- 龍頭を模した舞楽面を着け、金色の桴(ばち/細い棒のこと)を携える。
- The dancer puts on a dragonhead shaped bugaku mask and carries golden stick.
- 一澤信三郎帆布については、一澤帆布店の模倣品だとして批判している。
- Ichizawa Hanpu Co., Ltd. criticized Ichizawa Shinzaburo Hanpu Co., Ltd. as it copied the product of the Ichizawa Hanpu store.
- 聖護院八ツ橋総本店による製品で、別に橋を模しているという説もある。
- Yatsuhashi is made by Shogoin Yatsuhashi Sohonten and some argue that it is in the shape of a bridge.
- 山城、大和、備前、美濃、相模の5か国の作刀を特に「五ヵ伝」という。
- Swords made especially in Yamashiro, Yamato, Bizen, Mino, and Sagami are called 'Gokaden (Swords from the five provinces).'
- 大規模なものでは大きく分けて、山の送り火、海の送り火の2つがある。
- Okuribi of large scale is classified into two categories, okuribi on mountain sides or okuribi at seashores.
- 信玄晩期には大規模な西上作戦を行うが信玄の急死により途上に終わる。
- In the last stage of Shingen's time, they carried out the strategy to advance westward, but it was discontinued on its way because of Shingen's death.
- このほかにも、行政機関や研究機関による大規模なプロジェクトがある。
- In addition, large-scale projects have been organized by governmental organizations and by research organizations.
- 民間においては、現在でも親しい仲などが集まり小規模で行われている。
- Among ordinary citizens, even now close associates gather to practice it on a small scale.
- 2007年現在、この登録上の規模が変更されていないとの報道がある。
- As of 2007, there was a report that no change to this registered size had been made.
- それに人気のある書蹟ならば、1回模刻しただけではどうしても足りない。
- In addition, one mokoku is far from enough for popular handwriting.
- 現在も主に夏の訪問着や留袖の模様として、主に絹製品に染められている。
- Still today the Chayatsuji is a popular pattern for summer homon-gi (a kimono worn when visiting someone's home or formal parties) and tomesode (a formal black kimono worn by married women) and is dyed mainly on silk product.
- 石造宝塔の塔身を利用して作られるもので回りに袈裟状の格子模様が入る。
- This is made from the stone pagoda and its edge has a surplice-shaped lattice pattern.
- 屏風仕立てのフリがつくお座敷遊びとしての拳遊びの中の最大規模のもの。
- It is the largest-scaled 'Ken Asobi (fist games)' among 'Ozashiki-Asobi (games with Geisha)' that uses a folding screen and choreography.
- なお、鎌倉幕府や寺院でもこれを模範として似たような法典が整備された。
- The same sorts of legal codes were established by Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and temples.
- 1387年(嘉慶 (日本)元年・元中4年)相模国遊行寺12世を継ぐ。
- 1387: He succeeded to become the 12th chief priest of Yugyo-ji Temple in Sagami Province.
- 小規模ながらも各地に洋服の貸し出し店や洋服販売店ができるようになった。
- Even the scale was small, western clothes rental shops and shops dealing with western clothes were gradually opened across Japan.
- 江戸三座ではこれを、規模や格式などをもとに、以下のように分類していた:
- At Edo's three licensed kabuki theaters, these were classified by scale and rank as follows:
- 安閑天皇の御世、駿河国の宇土浜に天女が降って舞ったものを模したという。
- This performance is said to be based on the dance performed by heavenly maidens who arrived at Udohama, Suruga Province in the reign of Emperor Ankan.
- これは雅楽の中の声楽の一つである朗詠を模したものであると言われている。
- It is believe to have resembled roei recitation, one way of vocal music in the field of the traditional Japanese music.
- またペンギンや白熊など寒冷地の動物を模した形状のものも発売されている。
- Also, machines in the shape of animals that live in the arctic regions such as penguins or polar bears are on the market.
- 山(やま)は自然の山岳を模して造られた依り代で、祭礼などで用いられる。
- The term 'Yama' used here is equivalent to yorishiro (an object representative of a divine spirit) which is fabricated to imitate natural mountains, for use at a festival.
- なお、相模国については「相模伝」とは言わず「相州伝」という習慣がある。
- It's a custom to call them 'Soshu den' instead of 'Sagami den' for Sagami Province.
- 桐塑または木で作られた人形に、衣服の皺や模様の形に本体に筋彫りを入れ、
- To make a kimekomi ningyo, first, thin lines are carved to represent wrinkles and patterns on the doll body which is made of wood or toso (made from the mixture of sawdust of paulownia wood and wheat starch or other sticky materials.
- 柳田國男の著書『妖怪談義』にて相模原市大沼に調査に行ったとの記述あり。
- In the book of Kunio YANAGITA titled 'Yokai Dangi '(lecture about specters), there is a description that he went to Onuma, Sagamihara City for his research.
- 大規模な黄砂が発生したときは、気象衛星などの画像に写り込むことがある。
- When a large-scale kosa is produced, it is sometimes included in pictures taken by weather satellites.
- その他に文鎮説、根付説、高麗印の模倣説、仕入判(量産品)説などがある。
- Other theories include that of a paperweight, that of netsuke (miniature carving attached to the end of a cord hanging from a pouch), that of imitation of a Goreo seal (Korean seal), and that of a purchase stamp (products in bulk.)
- また、テレビ開局以来初の大規模イベントとなり、各放送局が実況中継した。
- Moreover, as the Crown Prince's departure was regarded as the first and the largest-scale event since broadcasting service was started, each broadcasting station broadcasted the departure.
- また、本書を模倣したり、書名を『○○塵劫記』としたものも多く出版された。
- Many books that imitated 'Jinkoki,' as well as books including 'jinhoki' in their titles, were published.
- だが、模刻が広まるにつれ、段々とその欠点が露呈して信頼性が下がってきた。
- As the mokoku became widespread, however, its defects were gradually revealed, resulting in decreased reliability.
- 付け下げが登場した頃は、まだ模様の華やかさでは訪問着に劣る和服であった。
- At first tsukesage was much simpler than homongi.
- しかし、次第に凝った華やかな模様の付け下げが作られるようになっていった。
- Later fancy patterns began to be drawn on tsukesage.
- これは地獄での受苦を免れた亡者たちが、喜んで踊る状態を模したといわれる。
- This is said to imitate the dead's dancing with joy at escaping the sufferings of hell.
- 1856年に発見された化学染料の発達によって模様の彩色は多岐に発達した。
- Due to the development of a chemical dye found in 1856, the coloring of the patterns were developed into numerous variations.
- 特に打掛などに、紅葉、火炎太鼓、鳥兜を扱ったものは紅葉賀模様と称される。
- In particular, patterns incorporating fall leaves, drums and torikabuto are called Momiji no Ga (the autumn excursion) patterns and are found on uchikake (long outer robe).
- - 一般的には多少の差異はあっても的場の的を模したものや巻藁を使用した。
- One that imitated matoba and makiwara targets were generally used, although there were little differences.
- 長期にわたる大規模な行事であったために、ほぼ30年おきに1回開催された。
- It used to be held at intervals of almost thirty years because it was a long-term and large-scale event.
- 10月6日、頼朝は先祖のゆかりの地である相模国鎌倉へ入って本拠地とする。
- On October 6, Yoritomo entered Kamakura in Sagami Province, which was a place linked with his ancestry.
- 世阿弥が『三道』で挙げた能作の模範となる曲について、作者別に並べている。
- The songs that served as a base as the noh plays listed by Zeami in his 'Three Elements in Composing a Noh Play' are arranged for each playwright.
- また歴史的にも日中間の大規模かつ長期に渡る戦争としては最初のものである。
- It is historically the first battle of a large-scale and long lasting war between Japan and china.
- 鳳凰堂タイプは『阿弥陀浄土変相図』に描かれた極楽宮殿を模した建築である。
- Hoo-do Hall (the Phoenix Pavilion) type is architecture modeled on a heavenly palace drawn in 'Amida Jodo henso zu.'
- それに対して、それより小規模な本城は無名の小城という設定での撮影が多い。
- On the other hand Hikone-jo Castle is often used for setting as unknown smaller castles.
- 明治29年藤井の「奈保山御陵考」によって模造碑を作り、かたわらに建てた。
- In 1896, an imitation of the monument was built nearby, based on To's 'Nahoyama goryo-ko' (literally, a study of imperial mausoleum of Mt. Naho).
- また、秋祭りにおいても牛鬼が出る(小規模な地方祭や、西予市明浜町など)。
- Ushioni are also found in autumn festivals (small-scale local festivals such as the one held in Akehama-cho, Seiyo City).
- 端溪硯の価値は、眼の有無、彫刻の精巧さ、色合い、模様などによるものである。
- The value of Dunashi ink stone depends on with or without the gan, sophistication of the engraving, the tone of the color and the decorations.
- からくりとは日本の伝統的な機械仕掛けの人形や模型、あるいは機械装置である。
- Karakuri means a Japanese traditional mechanical doll or miniature, or other mechanical device.
- - 自普請で賄えない規模の田んぼの治水用水に係わる普請や新たな田園の造営。
- Ta bushin and shinden bushin are fushin related to river improvement, water use for large rice paddy fields, and building new rice fields, that can not be covered by jifushin.
- 本格的に模刻の始まった『淳化閣帖』からして既に大量の偽物が紛れ込んでいた。
- Many fraudulent works were already seen even for 'the Chunhua ge Tie' with which mokoku began to be used in earnest.
- 梅若がかりの芸風を持ち、流内で宗家、分家、梅若両家に次ぐ格式と規模を持つ。
- They have the status and scale ranked after Soke (the head family or house), branch family and UMEWAKA family in the school.
- 紺青色の龍頭を模した舞楽面を着け、銀色の桴(ばち/細い棒のこと)を携える。
- Players wear Bugaku (court dance and music) masks representing deep blue-colored dragon heads and carry silver drumsticks.
- 江戸時代に制作された模本で、狩野永徳が描いた原図を写したものと伝えられる。
- It is a copy produced in Edo period, and said to be a reproductive art of the original which Eitoku KANO painted.
- この依り代の1つに、山岳を模して造られた山(やま、造り山・飾り山)がある。
- One of those yorishiro is the said 'Yama' which is made up in the image of real mountains and is called Tsukuriyama (forged mountain) or Kazariyama (mountain for decoration.)
- こけ順が素直で、模様が前後左右にバランス良く曲がっていることが重要である。
- It is important that the taper is good and the tree curves with a form which is well-balanced all around.
- 概ね、包皮としての桜の葉、及び、桜花の花弁に色彩を模した餅皮の体裁をもつ。
- Generally both types are wrapped in a sakura leaf and have a pink skin representing the color of sakura petals.
- 白い餅は菱の実を入れ、血圧低下の効果をえて、清浄を表し、残雪を模している。
- The white rice cake includes water caltrop (trapa japonica) seeds, is effective in decreasing blood pressure, and represents cleansing and lingering snow.
- 忍者という神秘的な集団が使う武器として、子供のおもちゃにも模倣されている。
- They appear as children's toys, as weapons used by a mysterious group called ninja.
- 全国規模の組織であり、JOC、日本体育協会、日本武道協議会に加盟している。
- It's a nationwide organization affiliated with the JOC, the Japan Amateur Sports Association and the Nippon Budo Kyogikai (Japan Budo Association).
- 特に前述の享保年間と、幕末の万治元年(1860年)の強訴は大規模であった。
- The direct petition in the Kyoho era mentioned above and one in 1860 at the end of Edo period were large in scale.
- この事件は、新選組史上池田屋事件に次ぐ規模の大捕り物と言われることがある。
- This incident is sometimes referred to as the second largest arrest after the Ikedaya Incident in the history of Shinsengumi.
- - 『太平記』の第5巻には「相模入道かかる妖怪にも驚かず」という記述がある。
- In the fifth volume of 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace) there is a description, 'Sagami no Nyudo was not frightened by the yokai at all.'
- この三筆は模倣だけに止まらず、中国風を日本化しようとする気魄ある書を遺した。
- These three great calligraphers did not end simply by imitating the calligraphy, but left a lot of spirited calligraphy to Japanize the Chinese style.
- そのため、遠くから見た場合は無地に見えるように模様を細かくするようになった。
- For that reason, small patterns were created so that it looked like a solid color from a distance.
- また全国規模の講習会と奉奏の徹底は神社における神楽舞の普及に大きく貢献した。
- Furthermore, conducting nationwide workshops and full-scale performances of the dance contributed to popularizing kagura dances among the shrines.
- 一つは天皇の行幸を模し、鳳輩型の神輿に神霊を奉じて渡御する「王朝型神幸祭」。
- One of them is 'Ochogata Shinkosai Festival,' which simulates an Imperial visit by the Emperor of Japan whereby carrying of the otori ren-shaped mikoshi housing the divine spirit is performed.
- 住吉家伝来模本(江戸幕府の御用絵師だった家系に伝わっていた「兎猿遊戯中巻」)
- Sumiyoshi ke denrai mohon (the Sumiyoshi family's ancestral copy) (handed down to the line of 'Goyo-eshi' (a purveying painter) to the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) (the middle roll of Toen yugi (rabbit monkey play)
- この動きに三人衆は大規模な攻勢をかけるべく、4月 (旧暦)に大和へ出兵した。
- To wage an all-out counter-offensive to this move, the three men sent troops to Yamato in May and June.
- 小田原には小規模ながら常備軍が置かれ兵農分離を志向していた事がわかっている。
- Odawara had a small-scale standing force and it is known that it aimed for heinobunri (separation of the warrior class from farmers).
- 作事奉行は小堀遠州が務め、城内には二条城の御殿を模した豪華な御殿が築かれた。
- Enshu KOBORI acted as the Sakuji bugyo (commissioner of building), and a luxurious Goten (palace), which imitated the one in Nijo-jo Castle, was built in the castle.
- 20年に一度行なわれる神宮の式年遷宮は、実は大規模な神嘗祭だと言われている。
- The transfer of a deity to a new shrine building once in twenty years is said to be in fact large scale Kannamesai.
- 周りが巻き簾で押したようにギザギザになっており、小口に渦巻き模様が見られる。
- Its periphery is serratted as if pressed with a makisu (a 'sushi mat', a bamboo mat used in food preparation) and a spiral pattern is seen in cross section.
- 墨跡では清の乾隆帝が蒐集した三点の模写本が有名である(北京故宮博物院所蔵)。
- Among these handwritings, the following three copied books collected by Chien Lung of Qing are famous (possessed by the Palace Museum in Beijing).
- 本作も初代中村仲蔵が『色模様青柳曽我』で演じた大日坊を再構成した作品である。
- The role of Hokaibo is also the reconstruction of Dainichibo played by Nakazo NAKAMURA in 'Iromoyo aoyagisoga.'
- しかしそれと同時に、従来から営業していた小規模な商店は壊滅的な状態に陥った。
- However, at the same time, small-scale conventional stores collapsed.
- それにより、女性に選択され市場規模が拡大し、缶コーヒー市場停滞の一因となった。
- Due to the above, the product was chosen by females and the market expanded, which was a positive contributed to a stagnated canned coffee market.
- 六畳二間程度の空間を利用するのが一般的だが、家の構造によりその規模は前後する。
- Typically, a space of around two six-tatami-mat rooms is used, although it varies depending on the structure of each house.
- すべての酒蔵の業務を一人で行なっている小規模な蔵を一人蔵(ひとりぐら)という。
- A small-sized brewery at where one person takes charge of all tasks is called hitori-gura.
- この問題を解決するために生まれたのが、「搨模」(とうも)と呼ばれる方法である。
- To clear this problem, a new method named 'tomo' was invented.
- 柱の中の1本だけ、彫刻の模様が逆向きになっているため、逆柱であることがわかる。
- Visitors can identify that only one of its pillars was erected upside-down, because it has carving patters upside-down.
- 下地になる和紙の層と漉き込み模様を施す表の層(上掛け)の二層構造になっている。
- It consists of the two layers, that is, the foundation layer of Japanese paper and the surface layer into which patterns are incorporated (uwagake (a cover)).
- 相模介であった橘永範が自分の俸給である稲一万束をもって開設したと伝えらえれる。
- It was allegedly established by the Sagami no suke (assistant governor of Sagami Province) TACHIBANA no Naganori who used his salary of 10,000 sheaves of rice plants to pay for the facility.
- この時期の前方後円墳は、特に規模が巨大化しており強力な王権の存在を示している。
- Large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds in this era became particularly large, indicating that strong sovereignty existed.
- この系統の他に、尾張国や丹後国または相模国などに移住した高梨氏もあったと言う。
- Other lines of the Takanashi clan are said to have moved to Owari Province, Tango Province or Sagami Province.
- 数千人規模の行列であり、その準備まで含めれば多額の出費であったことが窺われる。
- The procession consisting of several thousand people indicates that a large amount of expenses were consumed for the trip including the prior arrangements.
- もちろん、築城も古墳造営と同じく大規模な土木工事なので、修羅が用いられている。
- Of course, building of a castle is a large-scale construction project just like building of a tumulus, and therefore timber chutes were used.
- だまされたと悟った上人は烈火のごとく怒り出し、髪は逆立ち衣装は炎の模様になる。
- Knowing that he was deceived, Narukami flies into a fury with his hair standing on end and the patterns of his clothes becoming fire.
- スキー場などの大規模開発がほとんど行われていないため、豊かな自然が残っている。
- Nature has been preserved largely untouched due to the absence of large-scale development, such as ski resorts.
- 鳥の眼のようなこの模様は虫の化石であり、実用には関係ないものだが大変珍重される。
- The bird's eyes-like patterns are insects fossils and are greatly prized although they are not related to practical use.
- 「縄文」という名称は彼らの土器に刻まれた縄の模様にちなんでつけられたものである。
- The name of 'Jomon' came from the pattern of ropes inscribed on their earthware.
- 幕末には加賀の平賀源内と称された大野弁吉が空気銃や蒸気船の模型や写真機を作った。
- In the last days of the Edo period, Benkichi ONO, who was called the Second Gennai HIRAGA in Kaga (Gennai HIRAGA was a great inventor in the middle of the Edo period), invented an air gun, a miniature of a steamship, and a camera.
- この技術により、小紋よりも華やかな模様のある和服を作ることができるようになった。
- Due to the technique, more gorgeous patterns than komon began to be drawn on kimono.
- 緻密なところは琥珀織(タフタ)に似て、浮線紋や柳条の模様が浮き出たものであった。
- It was similar to amber weave (taffeta) in its elaboration, and had a raised stripe design and willow branch pattern.
- また、近年では大規模な料亭では、結婚式・披露宴に力を注ぐ光景も全国的に見られる。
- Moreover in recent years, large-scale ryotei also devote their efforts for wedding ceremonies and reception banquets, that can be seen nationwide.
- 狩野派や円山派といった他の江戸時代の流派は、模写を通じて直接師から画技を学んだ。
- Pupils of other schools in the Edo period such as the Kano school and the Maruyama school learned painting technique directly from their teachers by copying their works.
- 抜刀術、居合道では入門直後の初心者は木刀で稽古し慣れたら直ちに模擬刀で稽古する。
- In batto-jutsu and iaido (both of which concern the art of drawing and handling nihonto), the beginners who have recently started studying practice with bokuto switch to mogito (imitation swords) once they become familiar with the forms.
- その直後、相模国石橋山にて大庭景親らと交戦して頼朝軍は惨敗する(石橋山の戦い)。
- Immediately after that, Yoritomo's troops experienced a large loss in a battle against Kagechika OBA at Mt. Ishibashi in Sagami Province (the Battle of Mt. Ishibashi).
- 高野山側の記録よりもかなり小規模な形で戦いがあったとするのが妥当ではなかろうか。
- It might be reasonable to consider that there was a much smaller battle than that on the record of Koyasan.
- 相模川河口付近にあった膳所崎と呼ばれる琵琶湖に突き出た土地に築かれた水城である。
- It was a mizu-shiro (castles on lakes or marshes for defensive reasons) built on Zezezaki, the land that protruded into Lake Biwa near the mouth of Sagami-gawa River.
- 私鉄の買収により、官設鉄道の現業部門である鉄道作業局の規模は一気に膨れあがった。
- With the acquisition of private railways, the scale of the Imperial Government Railway, the fieldwork agency of government railways, swelled enormously in a short period.
- 明治新政府は発足当初から公議を標榜し、その具体的方策としての国是を模索していた。
- From the beginning of inauguration, the New Meiji Government advocated fair discussion and sought national policy as the concrete measure.
- いずれも『源氏物語』の模倣であるとか、非現実的な題材を扱っているなどと評される。
- They are both criticized as imitating 'Genji Monogatari' or dealing with unrealistic subjects.
- 大仙陵古墳(仁徳天皇陵)につぐ(第2位の規模)5世紀初ともいわれる大前方後円墳。
- It is a large keyhole-shaped tumulus built in early fifth century, next (second in size) to the Daisenryo Tumulus (Mausoleum of Emperor Nintoku),
- 江戸時代は御所周辺の公家町ではなく、梅小路に研究所も兼ねた大規模な邸宅を構えた。
- During the Edo period, the family had a grand-scale residence that also served as a research laboratory in Umekoji away from Kugemachi (court noble village) around the Imperial Palace.
- また西京極球場に代わる大規模球場(名称未定)の構想もありうるが具体化していない。
- The idea of a large-scale ballpark (name is not determined yet) to replace Nishikyogoku ballpark is possible but it has not yet taken form.
- 鎌倉の市街地は東・北・西の三方を山で囲まれ、南は相模湾に面した天然の要害である。
- The city of Kamakura is a natural fortress surrounded by mountains on its three sides--the east, north, and west--and faces Sagami gulf to the south.
- 特に1970年代前半から団体旅行客が増加、それに伴い、大規模な風俗街も作られた。
- Especially, at the beginning of 1970s, with the number of the large parties of tourists visiting Ogoto onsen increased, the red-light area was also built on a broad scale.
- 火災が続いたこともあって規模は次第に縮小化され、もとの勧学院の面影は薄れつつある。
- Its property has gradually been diminished due to several fires, and the vestige of the original Kangakuin has been fading.
- また、ゲームと社会、教育などの関連性も模索しており、シンポジウムの開催なども行う。
- Moreover, the project gropes for relevance among game, society and education, and holds symposiums.
- 「昔の茶屋染は文字や具体的な物を著していたが、今の茶屋辻は(細かい)総模様である」
- The old Chayazome depicted letters and specific objects, whereas the present Chayatsuji has the (fine) full pattern.'
- 楽は「鶴亀」「邯鄲」など唐人のシテが舞楽を模して舞うもので、大小物と太鼓物がある。
- In Raku, the shite, an actor representing a person of Tang China, for example in 'Tsuru-kame' (The Crane and the Tortoise) and 'Kantan' (The Pillow of Kantan, Noh play), dances imitating bugaku (traditional Japanese court music accompanied by dancing), accompanied by dai-sho (big and small) hand drums or drums.
- また、清楽の演奏で使う中国楽器も、長崎経由で輸入されたり、日本で模倣して作られた。
- And Chinese instruments used in performances of Shingaku were imported via Nagasaki, and they were also made in Japan in imitation of the Chinese imports.
- 当時の日本では、雅楽などの例外をのぞけば、これだけ大規模な楽隊編成は他になかった。
- At that time, music would not be played by such a large group of participants in Japan except for Gagaku and the like.
- 稚児は一般から公募する場合も多く、大規模な所では200名以上が登場する場合もある。
- Chigo is often invited from the public, and sometimes more than two hundred chigo are collected in the large-scale festival.
- 采女は白地に青で青海波の模様があるものを着用して、苧麻(ちょま)の帯を腰に締める。
- Uneme wore Karaginu in white with patterns of blue water waves, and tied up choma (hemp) obi (long draping sash) around her waist.
- このような事態を憂えた商店街の有志により、1927年に大規模に飾りつけが行われた。
- Under such circumstances, volunteers in shopping avenues worried about the situation and set big tanabata decorations in 1927.
- さらに規模を拡大し、山荘北山第を営み、有名な三層楼閣の舎利殿(金閣)が建立された。
- The scale was enlarged and the Villa Kitayama-dai (the Villa Kitayama hall) was managed and the famous Shari-den (a hall for placing a bone of the Buddha) Kinkaku (a golden pavilion) of a three-layer lofty building was constructed.
- この固体選抜の規模は突然変異育種としては過去50年間のなかで国内最大規模であった。
- The scale of this individual selection was one of the biggest in the breeding of mutants in Japan in the past 50 years.
- 9世紀には広範囲の国で、公出挙と私出挙を組み合わせた租税徴収方法が模索されていた。
- In the ninth century, many provinces had examined the land tax collecting system by combining the Ku-Suiko with the Shi-Suiko.
- 地方の行政組織が全国的規模で動き出したのは天武朝においてであったと推定されている。
- It is assumed that it was during the reign of Emperor Tenmu that the organization of local administration spread throughout the entire country.
- 本丸部分で発掘された遺構は、礎石の規模や配列から推察して、邸宅遺構の可能性が強い。
- There is a strong possibility that, inferring from the scale and placement of the foundation stones, the remnant excavated in the hon maru (the keep of a castle) area is a residential remnant.
- しかしローマ教皇に大野俊明氏が模写したミニ屏風絵を寄贈し、屏風絵の捜索を依頼した。
- Then, presenting the Pope with a miniature of the folding screen produced by Toshiaki ONO, the team asked the Pope for help in searching the folding screen.
- 保護団体名:相模人形芝居連合会(林座(厚木)、長谷座(厚木)、下中座(小田原))。
- Name of the conservation group: Sagami Ningyo Shibai Rengokai (Hayashi-za [Atsugi], Hase-za [Atsugi] and Shimonaka-za [Odawara])
- 西洞院大路の西・大炊御門大路の北にあった南北2町(後4町)の大規模な邸宅であった。
- It was a huge residence located west of Nishinotoin Oji street and north of Oinomikado Oji street, the size was approx. 218m from north to south (later it was enlarged to approx. 436m).
- 「相模の野に燃え立つ火の中で、わたしの心配をしてくださった貴方」という意味である。
- This poem means: 'You who were worried about me when we were surrounded by the flaming fire in the fields of Sagami.'
- 上総武田氏の真里谷信隆が北条氏を頼ったのは、相模の武田氏が仲介したからだとされる。
- It is said the Takeda clan in Sagami mediated when Nobutaka Mariya of the Kazusa-Takeda clan sought shelter with the Hojo clan.
- 江戸時代のはじめには組み紐製造の内規台が作られ、より美しい色彩や模様も考案された。
- In the early Edo period, 内規台 for braided cord production was created and more beautiful colors and patterns were also invented.
- しかし、太宗の命により唐代の能筆が臨摸したと伝えられる墨跡や模刻が伝えられている。
- However, there are some examples of handwriting and engraving that skilled calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty period are said to have written following the model by Taiso's order.
- 寿司桶は本来木製の漆器であるが、現在多くのそれは漆器を模したベークライト製である。
- Sushi oke was originally a wooden lacquer ware, but now many of them are made of bakelite, imitating lacquer wares.
- 江戸時代後期の大規模仏堂建築の代表作として、1998年重要文化財に指定されている。
- It was designated an important cultural property as a representative large-scale Buddhist temple in the late Edo period.
- 生地も縮緬だけではなく、同じ縮緬でも地模様を織り出したものや綸子を用いることもある。
- The cloth is not limited to silk crepe, and may be silk crepe with a background pattern woven into or satin damask.
- 初代を模範としつつ、父の技法を取り入れ、地味な色調の中に光沢を持つ作風を特徴とする。
- His specialty was the style having brilliance with a quiet tone; he created the style referring to the works of the first leader as a role model and bringing in the technique of his father.
- 協会を中心に古庭園の研究や、同時代の建築家や造園家、作庭家らが新しい庭園を模索した。
- Mainly initiated by the Association of Japanese Gardens, research on old gardens and investigations of new gardens were conducted by contemporary architects, gardeners, and the garden producers.
- 輪郭にも使った防染剤で丁寧に模様全体を覆った後に(「伏せ糊」)地の色の染料を染める。
- After carefully covering the entire pattern with the same resisting agent as used on the contours ('fusenori'), the cloth is dyed with the base color.
- ある程度の規模の公演においては、企画構成吟(単に、構成吟とも)が行われることがある。
- In some scale of performance, kikakukoseigin (reciting which is planned and framed, also simply called koseigin) is also performed.
- また伊勢 (歌人)(父が伊勢国守)や相模 (歌人)(夫が相模国守)がこれに相当する。
- Moreover, poet Ise's father was the governor of Ise Province, and poet Sagami's husband was the governor of Sagami Province.
- 尊氏は直義と合流し、遠江国橋本、小夜の中山、相模国相模川など各所で時行勢を連破する。
- After uniting with Naoyoshi, Takauji repeatedly defeated Tokiyuki's force at Hashimoto and Sayo no nakayama in Totomi Province, Sagami-gawa River in Sagami Province, and so on.
- 特にアジア諸国では明治維新を模範として改革や独立運動を行おうとする動きが盛んになる。
- The reform and independence movement became active in Asian countries especially after the model of the Meiji Restoration.
- 平城京は、中国の都長安を模した都を造営し、役人が住民の大半を占める政治都市であった。
- Heijokyo was built as a national centre of politics, mainly inhabited by officials, on the model of the capital of China, Changan.
- 時代が進み北朝・室町幕府側の優位が明確になってくると、南朝側も妥結点を模索してきた。
- As time went by, when it became apparent the Northern Court and the Muromachi bakufu were in the superior position, the Southern Court started looking for an agreement.
- 『昭和財政史』によれば、敗戦前後の皇室の財政規模は約2,500万円と推定されている。
- According to 'Showa Zaiseishi' (The Financial History of Showa), the financial scale of the Imperial Family before and after the War was presumed to be about twenty five million yen.
- 鳴門巻き(なるとまき)は、魚肉のすり身を使用し、断面に渦巻状の模様がある蒲鉾の一種。
- The Narutomaki (written in Japanese character as: 鳴門巻き) is a type of kamaboko, steamed fish paste, made from minced fish and with a spiral pattern in cross section.
- 経ヶ岬分屯基地は、航空自衛隊入間基地の分屯基地で、小規模な場外離着陸場をもっている。
- The Kyogamisaki Sub Base belongs to the Iruma Airbase of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force, and has a small landing field (airport).
- しかし、この地震は記事の内容から推定されるほど大規模なものではなかったとされている。
- However, it is said that the scale of this earthquake was not as big as estimated from its description.
- その後、用語の意味は変遷して「茶屋辻」に染められていた模様そのものを指すようになった。
- Thereafter, the definition of the term Chayatsuji changed, and it started to refer to the pattern itself rather than the style of kimono.
- こうして干し上がった墨に磨きをかけ、金色や銀色などで模様を描き、墨の出来上がりである。
- Polish the thoroughly dried ink stick, and draw gold or silver patterns on it, and all the process of making ink stick is finished.
- 宝永・正徳 (日本)頃には大柄・大胆だった模様が次第に細く小さくなる傾向が現れ始めた。
- The Hoei and Shotoku eras witnessed a gradual change in the pattern from large and bold to finer and smaller.
- 刺繍や絞りのほか摺箔、縫箔などをあしらって、衣装全体に絵画を描くように模様をあしらう。
- It is decorated as if pictures were painted on the entire clothing, ornamented with not only embroidery and shibori (tie-dyeing) but also surihaku (impressing of gold or silver foil on fabric) or nuihaku (embroidery and impressing of gold or silver foil on fabric).
- その後、大名家間で模様付けの豪華さを張り合うようになり、江戸幕府から規制を加えられる。
- Meanwhile, families of feudal lords started to compete for luxury of patterns, and it was regulated by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- この一種に「狂言袴」と称するものがあり、丸文の象嵌模様を狂言師の水干袴に見立てていう。
- One style of this type of bowl is known as 'Kyogen-Bakama', whose inlayed rounded pattern resembles that of kyogen performers' suikan-bakama (pleated skirt-like garments).
- これは三種の神器を模したものであり、鉾は天叢雲剣、鍔は八咫鏡、鈴は八尺瓊勾玉とされる。
- The hoko-suzu symbolizes the three sacred imperial treasures with the blade representing the Tsurugi sword of Ama no Murakumo, the guard the Yata no Kagami Mirror, and the bells the Yasakani no Magatama jewel.
- 輪郭が完成した模様に筆や刷毛で染料を染め付けていくのが「色挿し」と呼ばれる工程である。
- Applying a dye to the pattern finished with the contours using a brush is a step called 'irosashi' (literally 'applying color').
- 辛亥革命で旧来の王朝が断絶し国家規模の祭天は途絶えたが、民間にはその流れが残っている。
- As the old dynasty ended with the Xinhai Revolution, national observance of Saiten ceased, but its influence is seen among some people even now.
- 朝廷と並んで全国統治の中心となった鎌倉幕府が相模国鎌倉に所在したことからこう呼ばれる。
- The Kamakura bakufu joined the Imperial Court and took a central role in a country-wide rule; it took its name from its location, in the city of Kamakura in Sagami Province.
- 平安後期に流行した文字と絵を組み合わせた装飾的絵模様の一種に芦手絵(あしでえ)がある。
- Ashide-e (a picture in which decorative, cursive style of Japanese calligraphy, the characters of which resemble natural objects, is used) is a decorative painting pattern with characters and pictures combined, and it became popular in the latter half of the Heian period.
- 色が異なる各種の木片を複数寄せ合わせて接着剤で止め幾何学的な模様のある種板を作成する。
- Multiple pieces of various types of wood with different colors are gathered together and bonded with glue to create a seed plate with a geometric pattern.
- このほか、宇和島地方の郷土料理店などに牛鬼の「かぶ」を模したものが飾られることがある。
- Sometimes, local-dish restaurants in the Uwajima region display an imitation 'kabu' of Ushioni.
- 館の規模は、1町(約100m四方)- 2町のものから、数十町に及ぶものまで様々あった。
- The towns varied in scale from a few hectare to several dozen hectare.
- その後しばらくは、小規模ながらも各地に洋服の貸し出し店や洋服販売店ができるようになった。
- For a while afterwards, rental shops or sales stores for western clothes appeared little by little across Japan.
- 宗達の画を知らず、光琳の画が模写でなく独自に描かれたものとして考えていたと見られている。
- It is thought that he considered that Korin's painting was an original, not knowing about Sotatsu's work.
- 長い柄の先に熊の手を模した鉄製の爪をつけたもので、平安時代末期より武器として使用された。
- Kumade which equipped iron steel nails with the handle, imitating a hand of bear, was used as a weapon from the last days of Heian period.
- 後藤新平は非常に有能な人物であり、その計画の大規模さから「大風呂敷」とあだ名されていた。
- Shinpei GOTO was a very capable person, the plans of whom were nicknamed as 'Oburoshiki' due to their huge scale.
- 当時の銭湯の入り口には矢をつがえた弓、もしくはそれを模した看板が掲げられることがあった。
- A bow with an arrow notched to the bowstring, or a signboard illustrating such a bow, was occasionally displayed at the entrance to the sento at that time.
- 中国の条坊制を模範に造営された古代都城では、中央北辺に宮殿、官衙からなる宮城が置かれた。
- In ancient capitals that were established in accordance with the Chinese grid-patterned city layout, Imperial Palaces, consisting of a palace and a kanga (government office), were placed in the northern central part of the city.
- 屋島の戦いの後も、瀬戸内海を中心に小規模な戦闘が続いて両者とも一進一退を繰り返していた。
- After the Battle of Yashima, skirmishes continued to occur in the Seto Inland Sea and the battle front went back and forth.
- 北京市や天津市などは発生地とされる砂漠に近く、近年はたびたび大規模な黄砂に襲われている。
- Located near deserts where kosa is produced, Beijing and Tianjin have been attacked frequently by large-scale kosa recently.
- しかし、坂本城跡の中心部で大規模な宅地開発が計画されたので、これに伴う調査を実施された。
- However, as a large scale housing development was planned right in the center of Sakamoto-jo castle, a survey was conducted with the developing plan.
- 小規模な作品だが綿密な構成、凄惨な殺し場に満ち、しかも喜劇の要素も絡ませるなどいている。
- Although it is small in size, it has an elaborate structure, and is full of scenes of brutal murder, and even includes the element of a comedy.
- その頃、相模国では大森氏が小田原城を占拠して諸家を征服、松田氏にも攻略の手を加えてきた。
- At that time in Sagami Province, the Omori clan occupied Odawara-jo Castle and conquered other clans, and tried to overpower the Matsuda clan as well.
- これらの正装用の着物の特色は絵羽模様(えばもよう)によって柄付けがなされていることである。
- Large pictorial designs continuing across the panels of the garment called Ebamoyo is a common feature of those kinds of formal wear.
- 工場の規模によっては排出量が中途半端なため、処理業者に処分を依頼せざるを得ない場合もある。
- In the case of some small-scale plants, the amount discharged may not be enough to dispose by themselves and so they are sometimes compelled to ask a contractor to do this.
- この硯は、うす絹を2枚重ねた時にあらわれる波のような模様、「羅紋(らもん)」が特徴である。
- This suzuri is characterized as showing 'ramon,' wave-like patterns like layers of silk fabrics create.
- その一方で女性や若年層には広がりをみせず、メーカーはその層の取り込みを模索することになる。
- On the other hand, canned coffee has not become widespread among females and young people so, manufacturers searched for a way to capture this category of customers.
- 絵画では鬼の姿を模し、大きな袋(これをふいごのようにして風を起こす)を持った姿で描かれる。
- In a painting, fujin is portrayed as an ogre-like figure, carrying a large bag that is used like a pair of bellows (a tool for sending the wind).
- 江戸市中のみならず武蔵、相模などから身分を問わず酒豪が集められ、東西両軍に分かれて競った。
- Many heavy drinkers in all social classes were gathered not only from Edo but also from Musashi and Sagami Provinces and competed, divided into the east side and west side.
- その規模が大きく、地域を挙げて行われているような行事の全体を指して「祭」と呼ぶこともある。
- Its scale was big, and the whole of event held across the region is sometimes called 'matsuri.'
- 春峯庵事件(しゅんぽうあんじけん)は昭和初期に起こった肉筆浮世絵の大規模な偽造事件である。
- The scandal of Shunpoan is the large-scale criminal case of counterfeit hand-painted Ukiyo-e (Japanese woodblock prints), which occurred in the early Showa period around 1930s.
- 大袖と同じ赤地に、袞冕十二章のうち、藻、粉米、斧、黻(ふつ、亜字の形)の四種の模様が付く。
- Four kinds of patterns--Mo (algae), Funmai (powdered rice), Ono (ax) and Futsu (shape like 亜)--out of Konben 12-Sho are attached to the same red cloth as Osode.
- 赤地に、袞冕十二章のうち、日、月、七星、山、火、龍、華虫(キジ)、宗彝の8種の模様が付く。
- Eight kinds of patterns--Sun, Moon, Seven Stars, Mountain, Fire, Dragon, Kachu (pheasant), and Soi (ritual article)--out of Konben 12-Sho (symbols) are attached to the red cloth of the costume.
- 生地も無紋縮緬だけではなく地模様が織り出された紋意匠縮緬や綸子や朱子地を用いる場合もある。
- Also, sometimes the fabric used may be not only Mumon-chirimen crepe (having no crest) but also Monisho-chirimen crepe, with ground patterns woven in, or rinzu (a Japanese silk satin damask) or satin.
- 付け下げの特徴として、絵羽模様がない、家紋を入れない、八掛が共裾ではないことが挙げられる。
- Tsukesage has characteristics that it doesn't have eba-moyo (or 'eba') nor kamon (crest), and its hakkake (inside cloth used around cuff and hem) is not tomosuso (made of the same plain cloth as the front).
- 現在、付け下げには絵羽模様がなく、また家紋を入れないことが多いので、正装とはみなされない。
- Basically current tsukesage is not supposed to be a formal dress because of the lack of eba-moyo and kamon.
- 松琴亭の床の間および襖には、薄藍色と白色の加賀奉書紙が大胆な市松模様に貼り付けられている。
- On the tokonoma and Fusuma in the Shokintei, weathered indigo and white Kaga Hosho gami (traditional white Japanese paper, made from high-quality mulberry wood in Kaga Province) are pasted in daring checkered patterns.
- 刺し子(さしこ)とは、手芸の一分野で、布地に糸で幾何学模様等の図柄を刺繍して縫いこむこと。
- 'Sashiko' (an old needlework technology) is one area of handcrafts, embroidering patterns such as geometrical designs on fabrics with threads.
- 中小規模の企業で、自前の食堂を持たないところを対象に、弁当を配達する業者も一般的となった。
- Vendor that delivered bentos to small businesses which did not have their own cafeteria became popular.
- 大規模な私有土地を経営するため、現地に管理事務所・倉庫がおかれたが、これを「荘」と称した。
- The administration office and warehouse were located on the spot for the management of a large scale private ownership of land and it was called 'sho.'
- 住吉具慶筆模本、その他1、2の伝写本があるが、詞書の有無、描かれた情景など相違異同がある。
- Although there remain a couple of copies including the replica made by Gukei Sumiyoshi, there exist discrepancies among them in the kotobagaki (captions) and in the illustrations.
- これに対して律令政府は大伴旅人を大将軍として大規模な軍を派遣し、翌年までかかって鎮圧した。
- As a countermeasure, the ritsuryo government dispatched a large-scale corps headed by OTOMO no Tabito as daishogun (commander in chief), and the Hayato people were suppressed by the next year.
- 2000年(平成12年)時点での京都都市圏の人口は約258万人、これは日本で第4位の規模。
- The population of Kyoto urban area as of 2000 is about 2.58 million, which is the fourth scale in Japan.
- このことは字を模写する人間や彫る職人の腕に、直接模刻の出来がかかっていることを意味している。
- This means that how well the mokoku is conducted directly depends on skills of those who copy and engrave characters.
- 舞働は能の舞働を模したもので、『夷大黒』のような福神物か『歌仙』のような大勢物に用いられる。
- Maibataraki is a performance resembling maibataraki in Noh and used for Fukujinmono, pieces of Gods of Good Fortune, such as 'Ebisu Daikoku' (Two Happy Gods) or Ozeimono such as 'Kasen' (The Six Famous Poets).
- この上段の間の書院造りの様式は、規模の差はともかく、武家屋敷の座敷には必ず採用されていった。
- This Shoin-zukuri style of Jodan no ma was adopted by all means, aside from the difference of the scale in the zashiki of samurai residence.
- 続く織の着物とは紬などの格の低い趣味的な織物のこと、染めの帯は友禅などの染め模様の帯をさす。
- The woven kimono is a textile of lower quality and made for personal interests such as tsumugi, while dyed obi refers ones with Yuzen-printed patterns.
- 田令ほど重要でない修正は令の各所にみられるが、それに対して律は唐律模倣の傾向が顕著であった。
- There are various revisions in the ryo which are less important than those for the codes for farmland, but on the other hand, ritsu (criminal code) clearly had a tendency to mimic the ritsu from Tang.
- 頼母子(たのもし)あるいは頼母子講(たのもしこう)、沖縄県では模合(もあい、むえー)という。
- It is called Tanomoshi or Tanomoshi-ko, and Moai or Mue in Okinawa Prefecture.
- 国土交通省では、2006年度から宿泊統計調査を行っている(ただし小規模・零細な施設は除外)。
- The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism started taking accommodation statistics in 2006 (except for small facilities.)
- 1951年(昭和36年)に開設され、小規模ではあるが、ファミリー向けの穴場のスキー場である。
- It was opened in 1951, and although small in size, it is a little-known great ski resort intended for families.
- 現代の鎌倉市域は、南は相模湾に面し、北は横浜市、東は逗子市、西は藤沢市に隣接した区域である。
- The city of Kamakura today faces the Sagami gulf to the south and constitutes a region that borders with Yokohama City to the north, Zushi City to the east, and Fujisawa City to the west.
- 本作品は高さ約90センチの金銅(銅に金メッキ)製の塔だが、木造建築の外観を忠実に模している。
- This work is a gilt copper pagoda approximately 90 cm high and the appearance of wooden structure has been exactly copied.
- 相模松田氏は藤原鎌足を遠祖とし、その13代目藤原公光の時に相模守となり相模国秦野に土着した。
- The forefather of the Sagami Matsuda clan was FUJIWARA no Kamatari, and the 13th head FUJIWARA no Kinmitsu became the governor of Sagami Province and settled in Hadano, Sagami Province.
- 軍談 - 講談に欠かせないのが修羅場(しらば)で、これは武士の合戦の模様を描写したものである。
- Gundan: Essential for kodan, shiraba (dreadful scene) depicts battles fought by samurai.
- 縁起物の代表である熊手は、鷲が獲物をわしづかみすることになぞらえ、その爪を模したともいわれる。
- A rake, which is a typical lucky charm, is said to be also modeled on the claws of an eagle, copying the image of an eagle clutching its prey.
- これ以降、昔の書蹟を模写し法帖化するには、模刻が必ず用いられるというほどに普及することになる。
- Since then, mokoku had become so popular that old works were always copied with this method when creating hojo.
- 現在では未婚の女性が、裾模様の黒留袖や色留袖、訪問着に相当する格式の礼装として着ることが多い。
- In recent years, furisode is often worn by young unmarried women as a type of formal dress, since furisode are now seen as equally formal and appropriate as black or colored formal susomoyo (kimono with a pattern on the skirt) and homongi (a kind of semi-formal kimono for women).
- これらも、歌舞伎本来の姿と新しい時代にふさわしい歌舞伎の姿を同時に模索する活動といえるだろう。
- We could say these activities also pursued the original style of Kabuki & its modern innovation at the same time.
- 纈(ゆはた)といって染め模様のあるもので、一位以上は蘇芳深浅の紫緑、それ以下は蘇芳浅紫浅深緑。
- It had a dyed pattern called yuhata, and dark red and purplish green for women of First Rank and higher, while the women of lower rank wore dark red, light purple, and light or deep green.
- 1961年から年賀はがきの消印が省略され額面表示の下に消印に模した丸表示を印刷するようにった。
- Since 1961, the postmark has been omitted from New Year's postcards; alternatively, a circular mark similar to the postmark has been printed below the price indication.
- 中でも(財)合気会が日本武道館で毎年行う「全日本合気道演武大会」は国内最大規模の演武会である。
- Among them, the 'All Japan Aikido Demonstration,' which is held annually at the Nippon Budokan by Aikikai Foundation, is the largest enbukai in Japan.
- 一説によれば、当時の日本の銃の保有量はオスマン帝国と並んで世界最大規模だったと推定されている。
- According to a theory, it is estimated that the number of guns in Japan at that time was largest in the world together with Ottoman Empire.
- さらに、『寛政重修諸家譜』『新編相模国風土記稿』など、幕府の編纂事業も学問所がおこなっていた。
- Gakumonjo also edited documents for Bakufu: 'Kansei Choshu Shokafu (genealogies of vassals in Edo Bakufu)' and 'New edition of Sagamino kuni fudoki,' and so forth.
- この資料館は、同城御矢倉の往時の姿を模したもので、木造2層2階建ての破風を凝らしたものである。
- This resource center is a copy of the watchtowers of the castle of the day, and is a two-layered two-story wooden building made the best use of the gable.
- 明治9年(1876年)4月18日と8月21日(特に8月21日)に県の大規模な合併が実施された。
- Large-scale prefecture mergers were implemented on April 18 and August 21 of 1876 (especially August 21),
- 領土の支配体制は各大名の規模によってかなり異なるが、ほぼ幕府の支配機構体制に準ずる形をとった。
- Ruling system in a fief differed significantly according to the scale of each daimyo, but followed the central ruling organization system of the shogunate government.
- 平安時代以降で注目すべきは、『朝野群載』という模範文例集に即位詔の例文が載せられたことである。
- Since after the Heian period, it is noteworthy that a boilerplate collection called 'Choya Gunsai' (Collected Official and Unofficial Writings) carries the examples of sentences for writing an imperial edict upon enthronement.
- 一味は三種の神器の剣と神爾を奪い、後醍醐天皇の先例を模して比叡山に逃れ、根本中堂に立て篭もる。
- The group stole the sword and shinji (jewels) of the Three Sacred Treasures, and following the precedence of Emperor Godaigo, they escaped to Mt. Hiei and sealed themselves in the Konponchudo (the main hall of Hieizan Enryaku-ji Temple).
- 一行らは南は交州から北は鉄勒にいたる子午線測量を行い、中国全土に及ぶ大規模な天文測量を実施した。
- Yi Xing and his group conducted a meridian determination covering the area from the southern Jiao-zhou up to the northern Tie-le, and also a large scale astronomical surveying over the whole China.
- なお、プラスチック製やファイバー製の胴台は、革張り・漆塗り仕上げの胴台の様式を模したものとなる。
- The plastic dodai or the fiber dodai are copy models of leather and urushi finished dodais.
- 丹羽長秀や柴田勝家を始め、中国軍団の豊臣秀吉を除く織田軍団の各軍を総動員する大規模なものだった。
- Beginning with Nagahide NIWA and Katsuie SHIBATA, it was a great parade that mobilized every armies of the Oda army, with the exception of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who headed the Chugoku army.
- 博多織の中でも上質な「献上博多」は、金剛杵と華皿(ともに仏具)と子持ち縞をあしらった模様が特徴。
- Kenjo Hakata' with especially high quality as Hakata-ori textile, features design with a Vajra club (a pestle-like object with pointed ends), a flower tray (both are Buddhist altar articles), and komochi-shima (uneven stripped pattern).
- 京懐石を模して、コース仕立てになっていることが多く、デザートに和風の甘味(あんみつなど)がつく。
- It is often served in a course that mimics Kyo kaiseki, followed by Japanese style sweets (e.g. Anmitsu) as a dessert.
- 木綿の布の表面だけに筒に入れた糊をたらして模様を白く残したもので、豪快で素朴な持ち味があるもの。
- It is a technique of applying paste in a cylinder only on the top surface of a cotton cloth to leave a pattern in white, which presents a bold and earthy taste.
- 後白河は福原を訪れて平氏との関係修復を模索するが、ここに突然、新たな要素として延暦寺が登場する。
- Goshirakawa visited Fukuhara to try to find ways to recover the relationship with the Taira clan, but suddenly the Enryaku-ji Temple became a new player in the game.
- しかし6月になってその申請が却下されていることが判明、執行部は他の予算による請求の道を模索した。
- In June, however, it was revealed that this request was turned down and executives pursued other ways to secure a budget.
- 内容や規模はさまざまだが、藩士の子弟はすべて強制的に入学させ、庶民の子弟は原則的に入学できない。
- Although the content and scale of hanko depended on each domain, every hanko made its retainers' young people enter it and would generally not accept the children of common people.
- 旗本として出世の後、元和 (日本)3年(1617年)に相模国玉縄藩2万2000石の大名となった。
- Masatsuna rose through the ranks as hatamoto and eventually became the daimyo of the Tamatsuna domain in Sagami Province, with 22,000 koku.
- 日本の組織的なスギ花粉の調査は、1965年に現国立病院機構相模原病院が開始したものが最初である。
- The first systematic Japanese cedar pollen investigation was begun in 1965 by the current National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital.
- 相模国にも内藤姓を名乗った一族が存在し(相模内藤氏)、この内藤氏も秀郷流を称するが定かではない。
- A family (the Sagami-Naito clan) which claimed to be of Naito clan and also identified itself as the Hidesato group existed in Sagami Province, but the origin of this family is uncertain.
- 東大寺の大仏開眼供養(西暦752年/天平勝宝4年)の時には他の諸芸能とともに大規模に上演された。
- It was performed in a grand scale with other performances during the Buddhist ceremony to consecrate the Great Buddha of Todai-ji Temple in 752.
- ただしこれは外国の制度を模倣しただけで「当分之を欠く」という註がされていて有名無実な教科だった。
- However, it was just an imitation of foreign systems, and a titular subject with a note saying that for the time being this subject would not bet practiced.
- 源氏香の図は、その芸術性の高さからか、着物やそのの帯、重箱等の模様、家紋としてもよく使われている。
- Genjiko-no-Zu is often used as the designs of kimono or obi and Jyubako or a family crest, due to the high quality of its artistry.
- しかし、18世紀になると、備前を模倣し半球形を呈する堺産のすり鉢に東日本のシェアを奪われてしまう。
- However, in the eighteenth century, Suribachi made in Sakai, which had a semi-spherical shape and that imitated the Suribachi of Bizen, grabbed the majority share in eastern Japan.
- またこの親子のものだけでなく、もし模刻が存在しなければ伝わることがなかったと思われる書蹟も数多い。
- A number of works, as well as those of said father and son, could not be passed down to today without mokoku.
- 「大般若」のように鈴を持って舞う巫女の舞事を笛と小鼓で囃すものであり、三番叟の鈴之段を模している。
- In Kagura in Kyogen, as in 'Daihannya' (Sutra of Great Wisdom), the mai-goto danced by a miko with a bell is enlivened by music with fue and kotsuzumi, imitating the section for bells in Sanbaso (a dance dedicated to the shrine and performed in a Japanese style with three dolls, Chitose, Okina and Sanbaso, manipulated by three doll handlers).
- 振袖の全面に花鳥風月の模様をかたどって鹿の子絞りを施した「総絞り」など非常に手の込んだものがある。
- There are extremely elaborate dyeing cloths such as 'so-shibori', a kind of kimono whose entire cloth are mounted with 'kanoko shibori' on which birds, flowers, and other beautiful sceneries patterns are designed.
- 主に白(希に薄い黄橙色や浅葱色)の麻地に藍を基本とし黄橙色を併用して模様を書いた着物とされていた。
- The Chayatsuji refers to a kimono such that, generally, on the while (or uncommonly, light yellowish orange or pale greenish blue) hemp cloth, the Chayazome design is done in the basic color of indigo, in combination with yellowish orange.
- 先住民により小規模に長年おこなわれてきたものは、短期間の利用の後に放棄され、森林として再生される。
- In the small-scale open burnings that have been conducted by the native inhabitants, the land will be left as is after the use for a short period of time, and the land regrow.
- 名称の由来は、エビのように反り返えった形をしている事やエビに似た縞模様などがある事から付けられた。
- The name comes from its bending shape and the stripes on it that make it look like a shrimp.
- 式三献、雑煮、本膳、二の膳、三の膳、硯蓋からなり、大規模な饗宴では七の膳まであったとの記録もある。
- Records show that it may consist of 7 dishes of food; namely shikisankon (three trays of drink and food), zoni (vegetable soup containing rice cakes), honzen (the first tray), ninozen (the second tray), and sannozen (the third tray), and the scale ranged from a mouthful container just like a suzuributa (a lid of an ink stone) to a large-scale banquet.
- へのへのもへじ は、これら7つの平仮名のみを使い人の顔を模した図柄を描く文字遊び(文字絵)である。
- 'Henohenomoheji' face-like pictographs are created by playing around with and arranging seven hiragana phonetic syllables to form the caricature of a human face as a picture (letter picture).
- 海上保安庁の前身である旧水路部 (日本海軍)が明治初期に海図を作製する目的で模写したものだという。
- They were replicated by the department of navy channel, Empire of Japan (the predecessor of Japan Coast Guard) in the early Meiji period for the purpose of making sea charts.
- 朱雀大路西、三条南・四条北に位置し、右京四条一坊東の8町を占めた(これは大内裏に次ぐ規模である)。
- It was located west of Suzaku-oji Street, south of Sanjo, and north of Shijo, and it occupied eight cho (blocks) of the eastern part of Ukyo Shijo Ichibo (it had largest scale next to Daidairi - the Greater Imperial Palace).
- 大規模な正倉になると、一定の区画に複数の正倉が築かれて塀などで囲まれた区域が置かれることがあった。
- In the large-scale shoso, multiple shoso were built in the section surrounded by walls.
- 歌会始の模様は日本放送協会のNHK総合テレビジョン・NHK衛星第2テレビジョンで全国に生放送される。
- Utakai Hajime is broadcast live throughout Japan on NHK Sogo television (NHK General TV) and NHK Satellite 2nd Television of Japan Broadcasting Corporation.
- 大正10年 (1921) 菊五郎一座に客分として入座、市村座の『網模様燈篭菊桐』(小猿七之)の滝川。
- Then he joined Kikugoro's troupe as a guest and played the role of Takigawa in 'Amimoyo Toronokikukiri' (Kozaru Shichinosuke) at the Ichimura-za theater in 1921.
- これらの地紙の技法と装飾加工を組み合わせたものが、いわゆる越前美術紙であり、漉き模様ふすま紙という。
- The so-called Echizen bijutsu-shi is combined with the technique of these basal papers and decorative processing, and also called suki-moyo fusuma-shi (pattern-including fusuma paper).
- カツオの魚皮の模様には商業的な価値があるため、皮がはがれないように乾燥させる工程を入れる場合もある。
- As the pattern of bonito skin has a commercial value, a process of drying may be used to protect the skin from peeling off.
- しかし通常は絞ったあとの固形物を醤油粕として処理してしまうため、有効に利用する方法が模索されている。
- However, the solidified product which remains after wringing is usually processed as 'shoyukasu' (soy sauce lees) and they are looking for a way of effectively utilizing it.
- 見た目が優美なため和服の模様などに採用されることもあるが、そのほとんどが青海波に使われる鳥兜である。
- As they look exquisite, they are often used as patterns in Japanese clothes, particularly the torikabuto used in Seigaiha (a play of gagaku).
- 本土空手は、剛柔流、松濤館流、和道流、糸東流が規模の上から一般に四大流派と呼ばれ、よく知られている。
- As schools (organizations) of hondo karate, the Goju-ryu, Shotokan-ryu, Wado-ryu and Shito-ryu schools, which are normally called 'the four largest schools (organizations)' due to their scale, are well known.
- 2007年1月に産経新聞が伝えた所では、同村をはじめ10万世帯がエンザロ・ジコを利用している模様だ。
- According to the report in the Sankei Shinbun News Paper in January 2007, 100,000 households included in the same village were using Enzaro Jiko.
- また11世紀中期頃には、それまでの名田より遥かに大規模な名田=別名(べちみょう)が盛んに設定された。
- In the mid-11th century, myoden which were far bigger than existing ones, called bechimyo, were actively established.
- その後、奈良末期~平安初頭にかけて桓武天皇が、律令国家の再構築を目指して大規模な行政改革を実行した。
- Afterwards, aiming at restructuring the nation under the Ritsuryo codes, the Emperor Kanmu carried out a large scale of administrative reform from the late Nara period to the early Heian period.
- 大規模な戦闘になったのか、京都への再侵攻を試みたのか、阿波国への帰着の突破を計ろうとしたのかは不明。
- Whether it developed into a great battle, whether they attempted to invade Kyoto again, and whether they attempted to force their way back to Awa Province remains unknown.
- 参集する僧侶は60~100名前後に及び、御斎会、最勝講などの法会と比べても規模の大きいものであった。
- The number of priests who gathered at a Kinomidokyo ranged from 60 to 100, and this was on a larger scale than other hoe, such as the Gosaie (ritual for the Sutra of Golden Light performed at the Imperial Palace) and the Saishoko (the annual five days of lectures on the Konkomyo-saisho sutra).
- その年代については議論が存在するが、現在のところ、これは世界規模で見ても最古の土器ということになる。
- Whichever method is right, the initial stage's pottery is the oldest of all ever found in the world.
- 駿河は同盟関係の徳川家康が領する一方、武田征伐に協調した隣国の相模の後北条氏は遺領を得られなかった。
- Although Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who was Nobunaga's ally, was given Suruga as his territory, the Gohojo clan in the neighboring province of Sagami, which cooperated in the subjugation of the Takeda clan, was not given any of the former territory of the Takeda clan.
- 欧米から学んだ会社制度が発達し、制度上は個人商店であった私企業が発展、世界に向けて大規模化していく。
- The company system learned from the western countries was growing, and private companies, which were only privately-run stores in a system, developed on a large scale and carried out overseas expansion.
- 今川氏は京の都を模して駿府の街造りを行ったため、現在でも地名や町名などに京都と同じ地名や町名が残る。
- As the Imagawa clan constructed the town of Sunpu by copying Kyoto, there still remain same names of places and towns that are also seen in Kyoto.
- 体色は青灰色がかっていて、第1触角に7本の横しま、歩脚は黒と白のまだら模様、腹脚と尾は橙色をしている。
- The body color is bluish gray, the first antenna has seven horizontal stripes around it, its ambulatory legs have a patchy pattern in black and white, and the abdominal legs and the tail are orange.
- 開国したことで欧米の諷刺雑誌を入手できるようになり、これらを模倣することで日本の漫画は発展していった。
- Western satire magazines became available afterJapan marked the end of a long period of isolation and Japanese comics developed by imitating them.
- 家庭等で小規模に作られる場合には、由来にかかわらず、硬めに炊いた無着色のもち米で代用されることがある。
- When sakuramochi is made at home on a small scale, regardless of its origins, it is sometimes made using uncolored glutinous that has been hard boiled.
- うち「堅魚」は、伊豆・駿河・志摩・相模・安房・紀伊・阿波・土佐・豊後・日向から献納されることとなった。
- Of the three, 'katauo' was designated as the offering from the provinces of Izu, Suruga, Shima, Sagami, Awa (the present-day southern Chiba Prefecture), Kii, Awa (the present-day Tokushima Prefecture), Tosa, Bungo and Hyuga.
- 昔の広島のお好み焼き店はどこも規模が小さく、窮屈で狭い(理由は「広島風お好み焼きのソース」の項参照)。
- Every okonomiyaki shop in Hiroshima in past times was small-scale, cramped and narrow (see the reason in the section 'Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki sauce').
- 田堵は、その経営規模によって、大名田堵(だいみょうたと)や小名田堵(しょうみょうたと)などと呼ばれた。
- Depending upon the scale of land under their management, they were called either Daimyo Tato or Shomyo Tato.
- 戦国大名の元で大規模な新田開発や灌漑整備が進められ、築城技術で培われた土木技術が農業面でも応用された。
- Under sengoku daimyo, large-scale development of new fields and maintenance of irrigation were promoted utilizing civil engineering technology developed in castle building technology for agricultural purposes.
- この大字石寺の地域には多くの武家屋敷もあり、ここに楽市も混在していたとすれば、規模が小さいとしている。
- The book mentions that since there were many samurai residences built in this area of Oaza-ishidera, the size of the Rakuichi should had been small if it was located in the area.
- その規模、容姿は太田牛一や宣教師の記述にあるように天下布武、信長の天下統一事業を象徴する城郭であった。
- According to the descriptions made by Gyuichi OTA and the missionary, the scale and appearances of the castle symbolized Nobunaga's task of unifying the whole country that was expressed in his policy 'Unify Japan by the military government.'
- これにより、大部分の無尽会社が信用組合などより大規模で、銀行と変わりない程度の規模となるようになった。
- This made most Mujin companies larger than credit associations and others on a scale not less than that of the banks.
- 正方形の日本の伝統的な紋や模様が入っているものを指す場合が多く、特に和紙で作られたものを千代紙と呼ぶ。
- Chiyogami often refers to square sheets of paper with Japanese traditional crests or patterns, and especially those made of Japanese paper are called 'chiyogami.'
- また造船・硝子といった日本でも有数の重厚長大産業の大規模工場も立地しており、雇用都市圏を形成している。
- In addition, there locates one of the large scale plants of Japan's leading heavy, thick, long and large industries such as shipbuilding and glass production, to make up Urban Employment Area (UEA).
- また、近年の琵琶湖等、いくつかの湖沼では外洋へ注ぐ河川に堰が造られたり、大規模な河川改修がおこなわれた。
- In recent years, at a number of lakes such as Lake Biwa, dams have been built in the rivers that connect the lakes to the outer sea, and large-scale river improvement projects have taken place.
- 産卵期は夏で、浮遊卵を産卵するが、ウナギのような大規模な回遊はせず、沿岸域に留まったまま繁殖行動を行う。
- It breeds during the summer, laying eggs which float, and in contrast to eels it does not participate in large-scale migration but instead remains in coastal areas to breed.
- 送り火が家庭の玄関先や庭で行われるものから京都の五山送り火など大規模なものまで現在も行事として行われる。
- As for okuribi, it is still observed today at the entrance or in the garden of some houses, and also in larger scale such as Gozan Okuribi (Bonfire Events on Five Mountains) in Kyoto.
- その結果、浪人が増え社会問題化し、島原の乱・慶安事件(由井正雪)といった大規模な事件(一揆)が発生する。
- As a result, increased ronin (masterless samurai) emerged as a social issue and major events (uprisings)such as Shimabara War and Keian Incident (Shosetsu YUI).
- 2008年現在全日本煎茶道連盟には39の流派が加盟しているほか、連盟に非加盟の小流派も多数存在する模様。
- As of 2008, 39 schools became members of Zen nihon senchado renmei, and it seems that there are many small schools which do not belong to the renmei.
- 「帷子」は刺繍や染めで模様が入った「細染(ほそぞめ)」と浴衣によく似た「地白(じしろ)」の2種があった。
- There were two types of 'katabira': 'hosozome' (narrow dye) which was patterned with embroidery and dyes and 'jishiro' (white dyed) which is similar to yukata of today.
- 光琳の模写も傑作の部類に属するが、上記の相違点により、「宗達の画のほうが迫力がある」という観覧者が多い。
- Although Korin's reproduction is a masterpiece, many viewers think that Sotatsu's work is more powerful because of the differences mentioned above.
- 昭和に製作された刀の全てを指すわけではなく、主に軍刀向けとして作られた兵器用の刀「模造刀」を指している。
- This does not necessarily indicates all the swords made in the Showa era, but it mainly indicates 'Imitation swords,' weapon swords made as military swords.
- 家庭の玄関先や庭で行われるものから、地域社会の行事として行われるものまで、さまざまな規模で行われている。
- Its scale differs variously ranging from a small fire in front of the door step of each house or in its garden to a large scale bonfire prepared as an event of the local community.
- 古くは特別な日に模様される鉄火場(賭け事を行う場所)でも胴元が普段より支払い率を多く設定することも指す。
- It is also used for the former custom of 'domoto' (bookmakers) at 'tekkaba' (gambling dens) raising the payment rate on special days.
- 今川焼き同様の生地を型に入れて焼いたものはいくつかあり、代表的なものに鯛の形を模した「たい焼き」がある。
- There are several types of cakes which are made by pouring batter in molds and baking it, and a typical one is 'tai-yaki,' which is shaped like a sea bream ('tai').
- 「御角」(みつの)と呼ばれる銀の網を掛け、波模様を彫った桑の木で犀角をかたどった水難避けの護符を掛ける。
- A silver net called 'mitsuno' and gofu (talisman) in the shape of rhinoceros made out of mulberry trees with waved patterns carved on it, which is used as protection against floods, are hung from the hooks.
- この戦いののち、大友大内間の大規模な衝突はなくなり、和平が実現すると二国間での衝突自体もほぼなくなった。
- After the Seiba ga haru battle, there had not been such a big-scale battle between the Otomo clan and the Ouchi clan, and once they made peace, there had not been any clash between the clans.
- 金閣を模した杮葺の切妻を載せたような入母屋屋根(しころ屋根)で全面金箔貼の四方平面の望楼が乗る姿である。
- This story carried a completely gilded sixth story, a lookout tower with a square ground plan and Irimoya (also called shikoro roof) like Kinkaku-ji Temple, which is carrying a Kirizuma-yane (gable roof) roofed with shingles.
- さらにこのような模刻に対する批判は、それを用いて伝承されて来た法帖自体に対する疑惑と碑への傾倒に発展した。
- The criticism against mokoku then raised doubts about the hojo which had been handed down using the method and promoted respect for monuments.
- そして離合集散の結果、「泰東書道院」・「東方書道会」・「大日本書道院」の安定した大規模な団体の結成に至る。
- Then through many changes, big, stable bodies of 'Taito Shodo-in' (the Taito calligraphic association) 'Toho Shodo-kai' (the Toho calligraphic association) and 'Dainihon Shodo-in' (the Dainihon (literally, great Japan) calligraphic association) have been established.
- 温泉街の規模が小さく、ホテルの個室内に療養用の浴槽が設けられており、日本の湯治向け温泉に雰囲気が似ている。
- As its hot spring district is small and baths for recuperation are set in each hotel room, its atmosphere resembles to that of hot springs for toji in Japan.
- 8世紀末の桓武天皇は、現状との乖離が大きくなりつつあった律令制を再建するため、大規模な行政改革に着手した。
- At the end of the eighth century, Emperor Kanmu started a large-scale administrative reform in order to reconstruct the Ritsuryo system, which was becoming increasingly distant from the actual conditions.
- 4月6日、日本100名城(52番)に選定され、6月から全国規模の日本100名城スタンプラリーが開始された。
- The castle was selected as No. 52 of Nihon 100 meijo (100 great castles in Japan) on April 6, and in those selected castles, the nationwide, Nihon 100 meijo stamp rally was begun.
- 明の第3代永楽帝は鄭和率いる大規模な海上艦隊を編成して東南アジアからインド洋、アラビア海まで派遣している。
- The third Emperor Yongle of the Ming dynasty organized a large scale surface fleet led by Zheng Hu and dispatched it as far as Southeast Asia, the Indian Sea and the Arabian Sea.
- 戸板康二はこれを評して「リヒャルト・ワーグナーの楽劇のような大規模でロマンテイックな着想がある」といった。
- Yasuji TOITA appreciated it and said, 'it has an epic and romantic idea like musical dramas of Richard Wagner.'
- 日本の近代化のためにも、国民の政治への関与を一定程度認めることは必要であり、近代的な国家体制が模索された。
- For the modernization of Japan, they understood that they needed to allow political involvement of the general public; so they began to search for a modern framework for the nation.
- 店主が一人で切り盛りする小規模な店が多く、お茶のお代わりまで手がまわらず、鮨屋独特の大型の湯呑がうまれた。
- Many sushi restaurants were managed by one owner and were small-scale, and he was too busy to serve green tea and thus a large tea cup peculiar to sushi restaurants was born.
- 粘土瓦以外のものに日本の粘土瓦の形を模した標準的な形をしたものも材料名を冠して瓦と呼び製造、使用されている。
- If the Kawara tiles made of material other than clay have a shape similar to the Japanese clay Kawara, they are also named Kawara with the material name added at the head of the names, and manufactured and used.
- そのため、彼等は当時の新風を模せず、晋および初唐の書を自主的に摂取し、王羲之や唐人の書跡などを日本に伝えた。
- Therefore, they did not imitate the new style but learnt calligraphy in the Jin and early Tang eras independently, bringing back calligraphic samples of Wang Xizhi and Tojin.
- それらは現在の形になる以前に模写された模本により、描かれた当時、あるいはその中間の形を推定することができる。
- By the copies and fragmentary leaves that are left today, the originals drawn at the time or intermediate works can be presumed.
- 補綴物は主に金属製で融点の都合上、患者の口内で製作できないため、歯並びを精密に再現した石膏模型が必要になる。
- Since this prosthetic, which is mostly made of metal, can't be fabricated inside the patient's mouth due to its melting point, it becomes necessary to prepare a plaster figure that precisely duplicates the patient's tooth alignment.
- さらに江戸時代になると戦時の大規模な動員もなくなった結果、備の定員はほぼ定まり制度として完成の域へと至った。
- Furthermore, during the Edo period there was no more need for large-scale wartime mobilization, and as a result, the enrollment limit of sonae became almost fixed and it was perfected as a system.
- 墾田永年私財法が制定されると中央の寺社・貴族は、律令国家・国衙の積極的な援助のもとに大規模な開墾を展開する。
- After the Konden Einen Shizai Law (a law allowing farmers to permanently own reclaimed fields) was enacted, temples and shrines, as well as nobles in the capital began reclaiming fields on a large scale with active support from the Kokuga (provincial government offices) under the ritsuryo code.
- また一手部隊の内訳は規模の大小の違いはあるものの旗本部隊の構成と大きな違いはない(本陣備は次項で解説する)。
- Furthermore, the breakdown of a te squad was not very different from the composition of hatamoto (banner men, a direct retainer of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun)) squad, even though there was a difference in their size (army headquarters sonae is explained in the next section).
- 南朝は後醍醐の死後に衰微するが、足利家内部の対立が全国規模に広がる観応の擾乱が起こると南朝は息を吹き返した。
- After Godaigo's death (in 1339) the Southern Court's power and influence waned, but internecine strife within the Ashikaga family led to the Kanno Disturbance, which eventually widened in scope to engulf the entire country, and this brought the Southern Court a reprieve, revitalizing it.
- 大きさは、東西43m×南北50mの規模があり、周囲には土塁、東西、南側には土塁の内、外側に石垣を築いている。
- It measures 43 meters from east to west, 50 meters from north to south, surrounded by Dorui and there are stone walls inside and outside of the Dorui at its east, west, and south.
- 木戸孝允は「なるほど左様なことがあった。その御誓文を今覚えておるか」と言い、その存在を忘れていた模様である。
- Takayoshi KIDO said 'That's right. That happened. Do you still remember the Charter Oath?' and seemed to have forgotten the existence.
- 江戸時代になると、身分や地域に問わず大衆的な金融手段として確立し、大規模化していく講も存在するようになった。
- During the Edo period, it was established as a popular means of financiing regardless of status or region, and some Ko establishments became large-scale.
- 戦前のリトル東京の日本料理店は、主に最大数万人規模のコミュニティにまで膨れ上がった日系人のための食堂であった。
- Japanese restaurants in little Tokyo before the war played the role of a cafeteria mainly for Japanese-Americans in a community which expanded to the scale of several tens of thousands of people at the maximum.
- 撚りをかけることにより絹糸の本来持つ光沢を生かし、縒りの強弱によって光の反射を加減し繊細な模様を表現していく。
- The twist can affect the natural luster of the silk thread, so an embroiderer adjusts the light reflection by varying the strength of the twist, thereby creating the delicate designs.
- 第二次大戦前までの基準でいうと、日本酒単位を使う規模の酒蔵で必要な杜氏集団の人員は10名を目安とされたという。
- According to the standards adopted before World War II, a brewery which used 1,000 koku of rice for sake brewing was said to require around 10 people for their toji group.
- なかには一人蔵(ひとりぐら)といって生産・経営・営業などすべて独りで行なう小規模精鋭主義の酒蔵も生まれている。
- Some breweries start a new style of small-sized and elite-mindedness brewery called hitori-gura (which literally means 'one-person brewery'), in which one person is responsible for all processes such as brewing, management, and sales activities.
- このような流れの中で模刻は結果的に法帖の価値を損ね、学界の主流を法帖から外してしまった戦犯ということになった。
- Against this background, mokoku was eventually deemed as a war criminal that diminished the value of the hojo to keep it out of the mainstream of the calligraphy world.
- 我々がそんな「二王」の書蹟を知ることが出来るのは、この模刻によって累々と書蹟が伝写されて来たからに他ならない。
- It was nothing more or less than the mokoku that allowed handwriting of 'the two kings' to be copied repeatedly and passed down to subsequent generations so that we can appreciate the works.
- 慶長年間に流行したタイプの小袖で、総柄であるが、模様が細かくなり、色調が桃山小袖に比べて暗いのが特徴とされる。
- A type of kosode prevailing during the Keicho era (from 1596 to 1614) and it is said that a typical Keicho kosode is patterned all over the cloth and the pattern became minute, however, the color tone used is darker than Momoyama kosode.
- 骨だけが鉄製で紙や布などを張ったもの、鉄の短冊を重ねたもの、また扇子の形を模しただけで開かない鉄扇も存在する。
- There are Tessen products which are made of paper- or cloth-pasted on iron ribs, made of stacked iron pieces like Tanzaku (small card on which Japanese poems are usually written vertically), and which don't open although its appearance is like a Sensu's shape.
- 日本刀の材料・製法を一部変更したものから、日本刀の形態を模した工業刀に至るまで、様々な刀身が試作・量産された。
- Various bodies of blades from the ones with partly changed materials or from production methods of Japanese swords to industrial swords representing the shape of Japanese swords were made as prototypes or in large quality.
- 1510年、交易上のトラブルもあり朝鮮側に不満を募らせた日本人は、対馬からの援軍も加えて大規模な反乱を起こす。
- In 1510, the Japanese became discontented with the Korean side, partly due to troubles in trade, which caused a big-scale insurgence, with reinforcements from Tsushima.
- この傾向は大名領国制への以降とともに日本全国規模で確立され、幕藩体制を経て明治の版籍奉還・秩禄処分まで続いた。
- This trend spread throughout Japan as the daimyo ryogokusei system (daimyo control over provinces) was introduced, and observed through bakuhan taisei (power structure of bakufu and daimyo domains) until hanseki hokan (surrender of the domain registers to the emperor) and chitsuroku shobun (abolish hereditary stipend) were carried out.
- 跡地は京都市により運動公園として整備されたほか、解体予定だった模擬天守は地元の要望もあり残されることとなった。
- The site was rearranged as an athletic park by Kyoto City, and the replica castle, which was planned to be demolished at first, was decided to remain by the local's request.
- 大原(おおはら/おはら)は、京都市左京区北東部の比叡山西麓高野川 (京都市)上流部に位置する小規模盆地の名称。
- Ohara (the kanji used is 大原 which is pronounced as O-o-ha-ra or O-ha-ra) is the name of a small-scale basin located in the upstream region of Takano-gawa River (Kyoto City) at the western foot of Mt. Hiei in the northeastern part of Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City.
- なお8代将軍吉宗以降は、御三家を模した御三卿が創設され、御三家と共に将軍家の嗣子を出す役目を担うことになった。
- After the eighth shogun Yoshimune, Gosankyo, which was modeled after Gosanke, was established and served to offer heirs to the shogun family along with Gosanke.
- 和服の構造を理解する助けにするため、反物、裁断の方法、そして部品の組み合わせ方について模式的な概観をここに示す。
- To facilitate understanding of the structure of Wafuku, the roll of cloth, the cutting method, and the assembly of the parts will be schematically overviewed below.
- 1800年頃、各藩で財政対策として専売制が採用されるなか久留米藩の井上伝が掠れ模様の織り方を発見する(加寿利)。
- Around 1800, Den INOUE of the Kurume Domain invented the method to weave cracked patterns (加寿利) while the monopoly system as a fiscal measure in each domain was adopted.
- それまで小さな要因が蓄積するあいだに、同時代的に警鐘を鳴らす者が皆無だったわけではない(参照:低迷からの模索)。
- It's not to say that nobody was warned about it while those small reasons were piling (see the section 'seeking in the slump').
- このような状況が、政府主導によって全国規模で酒造りに関する情報を交換し、酒蔵相互の技術の向上を図る必要を生んだ。
- Therefore, the government needed to lead the information exchanging on sake brewing all over the country and to improve the techniques of sake breweries with each other.
- また、技術面でも印刷術の発展によって模刻という手法自体が時代遅れとなり、自然消滅せざるを得なくなったのであった。
- Moreover, the method of mokoku itself also became technologically outdated by the development of the printing technology, and had no choice but to disappear on its own.
- 現在「手水鉢」といわれているものの多くがこの区分に入るもので「名園」「名庭」の「名品」の模倣が多く出回っている。
- Today most of the washbasins called 'chozubachi' belong to this category, and a lot of imitations of 'masterpieces' from 'famous gardens' are appearing on the market.
- 銀の平打ちで小さな二葉の葵を模したシンプルながら愛らしいデザインで、未婚の若い女性から若い遊女までに用いられた。
- It was a product made of flattened silver with two small leaves of hollyhock engraved and used not only by young women, but also by yujo thanks to its simple but pretty design.
- 越前での大判の襖紙の製造が増えるにつれて、皺紋加工や漉き模様加工の技術が改良され、襖紙の有数の産地となっていく。
- The more that fusuma papers were produced in the Echizen region, the more techniques, like the processing of a wrinkle pattern and incorporating new patterns were improved, and it became the major production area of fusuma paper.
- フィンセント・ファン・ゴッホのいくつかの作品は浮世絵のスタイルを模倣したり、それ自体をモチーフにしたりしている。
- Some works by Vincent Van Gogh imitated the style of ukiyoe or used ukiyoe as motifs.
- 相模原市の伝説ではデイラボッチと呼ばれ、富士山を持ち上げ違う場所に運ぶ途中、疲れたので、富士山に乗っかり休んだ。
- In the legend of Sagamihara City the giant is called Deidarabocchi, and while he was carrying Mt. Fuji to a different place, he became tired then sat on Mt. Fuji and rested.
- したがって、当初より、数種の絵巻が存在していて、それが模写・転写されて、今日に伝わっているものと考えられている。
- Therefore, it is considered that several kinds of picture scrolls originally existed and these have been passed down after being copied.
- 感得画として名高い園城寺「黄不動」を模した京都曼殊院の「黄不動」は12世紀前半の作であり、国宝に指定されている。
- The 'Ki Fudo' (Yellow Fudo) of Manshu-in Temple in Kyoto which modeled on 'Ki Fudo' (Yellow Fudo) of Onjo-ji Temple which was famous as kantokuzu (image of spiritual reception) was created in the first half of the 12th century, and is designated as a national treasure.
- 21世紀となった現在でも、日本各地(主に農村・漁村地域)に、無尽や頼母子、模合と呼ばれる会・組織が存在している。
- Even now, in the twenty-first century, gatherings and organizations called Mujin, Tanomoshi, or Moai exist in various places in Japan (mainly in the regions of farming and fishing villages).
- 第10代崇神天皇以降は、多くの場合その陵墓の所在地には、考古学の年代観とさほど矛盾しない大規模な古墳が存在する。
- There are huge burial mounds consistent in appearance with the archaeological chronology at the locations of mausoleums built for Sujin, the tenth emperor, and later.
- 跡地には大規模な会員制ホテル「エクシブ八瀬離宮」が2006年11月28日に開業し、かつての面影はなくなっている。
- A large-scale membership hotel 'XIV Yase-Rikyu' opened on the site on November 28, 2006, and there is no shadow of what it used to be.
- 現代の菓子のように日常的な間食に用いる物ではなく、貴族の館で大規模な蹴鞠の会が催されたときに参加者に配られていた。
- Tsubaki-mochi was not eaten as a light meal like present-day sweets, but it was distributed to participants to big events such as kemari (a game played by aristocrats in the Heian period) at noblemen's residences.
- 『越乃寒梅』で自信をつけた越後杜氏の淡麗な酒は、昭和60年(1985年)ごろ日本酒市場へ大規模な売り込みをかける。
- The Echigo toji who built self confidence with 'Koshi no kanbai' launched a large sales pitch for tanrei sake in the market around 1985.
- 端的にいえば互助活動や相互扶助や自治としての建設(修繕、模様替も含まれる)の為の労力や資金の提供を求める事をさす。
- To put it plainly, it refers to asking for mutual service or mutual aid, and labor or monetary support to construct, repair and remodel facilities needed for the autonomy of the community.
- 模刻(もこく)とは、書道において、書蹟を石や木に模写して彫りつけ、保存・鑑賞・学書用の書蹟「法帖」を制作すること。
- Mokoku (模刻) is a calligraphic term meaning to create a 'hojo' (copybook printed from the works of old masters of calligraphy) by reproducing and engraving handwriting on a piece of stone or wood, for the purpose of preservation, appreciation, and learning.
- 名物裂(めいぶつぎれ、めいぶつれつ織柄の決まった模様)や緞子(どんす)などが主に用いられるが、材質や色柄等は様々。
- Most kobukusa are made of meibutsugire (also called meibutsuretsu, which literally means 'named fabrics,' representing cloths with certain woven patterns), or donsu (damask silk), but various materials, colors, and patterns are used.
- イベントの中で最も大規模なものは、2005年より毎年行われている「YOKOSO! JAPAN WEEKS」である。
- The biggest event is 'YOKOSO! JAPAN WEEKS', which has been held annually since 2005.
- 十一代将軍徳川家斉も宝生流を愛好し、その隆盛を受け、1848年(弘化5年)には宝生太夫友干が大規模な勧進能を興行。
- The 11th shogun Ienari TOKUGAWA also loved the performance of the Hosho school, and Tayu-Tomoyuki HOSHO could have a large-scale performance of kanjin-Noh (Noh performances held to raise subscriptions for the construction of shrines or temples) in 1848 because of the prosperity of this school.
- 的は日置霞(へきがすみ)と呼ばれる独特の模様の物を用い、多人数で射る場合も一つの的を全員で射るのが本来正式である。
- The target, called 'Hekigasumi,' has a peculiar pattern (supposed to be like a human body), and even in the case when there are multiple players shooting, originally only one target is formally set.
- 八橋検校の名は京都の菓子「八ツ橋」の名としても残っており、(生ではなく焼いた、本来の)八ツ橋の形は箏を模している。
- The name Yatsuhashi Kengyo still remains as the name of Kyoto Confectionary 'Yatsuhasi,' and its shape (baked one, not unbaked one) is modeled after the shape of the Soh.
- この御殿は柿葺(こけらぶき)の規模の大きい建物で構成され、公的空間の「表向き」と私的空間の「奥向き」に大別できる。
- The Goten was a large-scale building with Kokerabuki (a roof covering made with a layer of thin wooden shingles made of cypress), and was broadly divided into 'Omotemuki,' a public space and 'Okumuki' (inner part of the house), a private space.
- 大規模な写経もおこなわれており、特に光明皇后発願の一切経の写経事業は、大仏造立や国分寺造営とならぶ大事業であった。
- Large-scale copying of sutras was conducted and, Empress Komyo's order for a complete copy of all Buddhist scriptures was a great undertaking comparable to construction of daibutsu and kokubunji.
- (急傾斜)棚田ではこのような圃場整備や機械化は難しかったが、土木技術の進歩で大規模化に成功した山間地の棚田も多い。
- Unification of agricultural fields and mechanization as stated above were difficult in Tanada (on a steep slope), but many rice terraces in the mountains were successfully enlarged thanks to the development of civil engineering technology.
- 幕末にいたって尊皇思想が高揚すると天皇陵にも復古調が取り入れられ、孝明天皇陵は大規模な墳丘を持つ形式で築造された。
- When a political philosophy advocating the reverence for the emperor was adopted by many people toward the end of the Edo period, an ancient style was revived in the construction of imperial mausoleums; thus, Emperor Komei's mausoleum was built with a large burial mound.
- 平安時代に稚児@大規模寺院の髪形として結われる様になり、後に皇族、平安貴族の少年の髪形として一般化する様になった。
- Chigomage originated as the hairstyle for chigo (child in a Buddhist possession) in major temples during the Heian period, and later became commonly accepted as the hairstyle for boys of Imperial or noble family in the Heian period.
- このようなことを考えると、書道界における模刻の功績は決して軽くはなく、むしろその存在に負うところが多いことが分かる。
- From that standpoint, mokoku has made enormous contributions to the world of calligraphy and so much so that the calligraphy world owes much to the existence of mokoku.
- デイヴィット・レイティは同じ英題(The Dream of the Fishermans Wife)で絵を模倣した。
- David LAITY imitated the picture in the same English title, The Dream of the Fisherman's Wife.
- 「江戸っ子は皐月の鯉の吹流し」と言われる様に、鯉幟は「幟」とは名づけられているものの形状は魚を模した吹流し形である。
- As it is said that 'a typical person from Edo is the streamer of carp in May'; and although koi-nobori (鯉幟) is called 'nobori' (幟) (flag), it's a streamer whose shape mimics a fish.
- さらに検非違使源満季(満仲の弟)が前相模国介藤原千晴(藤原秀郷の息子)とその子藤原久頼を一味として捕らえて禁獄した。
- Furthermore, Kebiishi MINAMOTO no Mitsusue, (the younger brother of Mitsunaka), captured and imprisoned former Suke of Sagami Province FUJIWARA no Chiharu, (son of FUJIWARA no Hidesato), and his child FUJIWARA no Hisayori as conspirators.
- 免田寄人型荘園は、田堵(寄人)ごと、又は名田ごとに認可されたため、領域的な広がりをもたず、比較的小規模に経営された。
- The tax-exempt shoen estates were approved for each tato (yoriudo) or each myoden and did not have territorial contiguity and was managed in a relatively small-scaled way.
- また、数珠を切り刀を引っさげての入りでは雲竜の墨絵模様の帷子を着るが、これは団七の刺青を引き立てるための演出である。
- Moreover, when he entered cutting the beadroll and wearing a sword, he wore a shroud with a dragon in the clouds drawn in Japanese ink painting, and this staging emphasizes Danshichi's tattoo.
- 国府には国司の他、史生、国博士、国医師、徭丁などの職員が勤務しており、小国で数十人、大国では数百人の人数規模だった。
- In addition to Kokushi, there were various staff such as Shisho (a person doing miscellaneous duties about documents), Kunihakase (teacher of Japanese classical literature), Kuniishi (local governmental doctor) and Yocho (laborer), whose numbers reached several dozens for small provinces and several hundreds for large province.
- まだ小規模ではあったが、日本が初めて西洋文化と直接(中国などを介さずに、正式な形で)触れ合ったという点で重要である。
- It is significant that Japan had the first contact with Western culture (formally, without China, etc., acting as an intermediary), although it was still small in scale.
- より本格的には、茶釜を移動式ないし仮設のかまどに載せて湯を沸かすなどして点てるが、これはやや大規模な野点に限定される。
- To be more authentic, tea is made by boiling water with a chagama (iron tea ceremony pot) placed on a mobile or temporary fire, but it is limited to large-scale Nodate.
- しかし、その石や木自体を製作する過程で、一度原本から文字を模写する必要があるし、さらにその文字を彫らなければならない。
- In the process of making the piece of stone or wood itself, however, original characters once need to be copied and the copied characters need to be engraved.
- 神楽は巫女(「巻絹」)や女体の神(「三輪」)が舞うもので実際の神楽を模してつくられており、かならず太鼓入りで奏される。
- Kagura is danced by a miko (a shrine maiden) (in 'Makiginu' (bolt of silk) or by a goddess (in 'Miwa'), imitating a real kagura dance, and is always accompanied by drums.
- この線を「糸目」といい、染め上がったときに模様の輪郭に糸目状の白い線が見られ、友禅染のもっとも大きな特徴となっている。
- The line is referred to as 'itome,' and it leaves a white line along the itome in the contours of the pattern when the cloth is dyed, which is the most typical feature of yuzen.
- 生徒には官人候補者にあたる学生(がくしょう)と医師候補者の医生(いしょう)がおり、その数は国の規模によって違っていた。
- Students were divided into gakusho, candidates for government officials, and isho, candidates for doctors, and the number of students differed depending on the size of province.
- そのため、使節供応と回賜のための経費が無視できない規模になった後は、使節来朝に制限を加え、日本側からの遣使は中断した。
- This led to the Japanese government adding a limit to envoy visits to Japan and discontinuing the dispatch of envoys when the expenses for treating them and preparing return gifts could no longer be ignored.
- 荘園(しょうえん)とは、公的支配を受けない(あるいは公的支配を極力制限した)一定規模以上の私的所有・経営の土地である。
- Shoen refers to the privately owned or managed land which was over a certain scale and not under public governance (or limiting the public governance as much as possible).
- しかし、奈良盆地に日本列島における最大規模の政治拠点が構築されていたことが纏向遺跡の発掘により次第に解明されつつある。
- However, with excavations at the Makimuku ancient ruins, it has gradually become clear that the largest political stronghold in the Japanese archipelago was constructed in the Nara basin.
- 老中などの権力を持つ譜代大名は殆ど10万石規模の石高だが、経済の豊富な外様や国持大名には幕府政治に介在を許さなかった。
- Hereditary vassal daimyl (fudai daimyo) were allowed to fill a powerful post such as the senior councillor (roju) in spite of their economic strength being an annual stipend of hundred thousand koku in rice at most, while wealthy daimyo, such as outside daimyo (non-hereditary vassal daimyo) and a feudal lord with more than one fief (kunimochi daimyo) were not allowed to participate in the natilnal government.
- 遣明船として遠洋航海用に艤装品を充実させ、外交使節や有力商人などの居室用の屋形を増設するなど大規模改修を行って用いた。
- These rented ships were used for Kenminsen after conducting major renovation such as the installation of hull fittings suitable for ocean navigation and the expansion of cabins for diplomatic envoys or influential merchants.
- 2006年4月6日には日本100名城(50番)に選定され、6月から全国規模の日本100名城スタンプラリーが開始された。
- On April 6, 2006 the castle was selected the 50th Nihon 100 meijo (100 great castles in Japan) and the nationwide stamp rally of Nihon 100 meijo (100 great castles in Japan) started in June.
- 当時はまだ関西国際空港が開港しておらず、関西地区における要人の大規模な受け入れ態勢が十分には整っていなかったのである。
- Kansai International Airport did not open yet at that time, and Kansai area was not fully ready to accept so many important persons.
- この遊びでは、多くの場合は、刀(日本刀)を模した木切れや木刀、新聞紙を丸めたものなどを手に持って、複数の子供で打合う。
- Children often use chunks of wood, wooden swords or rolled newspapers resembling Japanese sword to battle each other.
- 明治時代には岡倉天心の指導を受けた日本美術院系統の画家によって多くの古い仏画の模写が行われ、また新しい仏画が描かれた。
- In the Meiji period many old Buddha paintings were reproduced by painters of the Nihon Bijitsuin (The Japan Art Institute) under the direction of Tenshin OKAKURA and also new Buddhist paintings were made.
- はめる板を地板のはめ込みたい部分に模り上で接着させて定盤を傾斜させて本挽きすると、はめ込まれる板がピッタリ地板に入る。
- The piece to be inlaid is bonded onto the pattern on the base piece, and when the surface plate is tilted and ground, the inlay piece fits precisely into the base piece.
- 指を龍の爪に模すなど、ここにも「天満流」の新しさがあるのだが、これを真似る地車囃子の保存会、講・連も圧倒的多数である。
- You can find the newness of 'Tenma-style' in the dance, such as mimicking dancers' fingers dragon's nails, and there are great numbers of preservation societies, Ko and Ren of danjiri-bayashi that mimic it.
- 奈良時代に模様として用いられはじめ、菅原道真が梅の花を好んだことにより天満宮の神紋として用いられ始めたと考えられている。
- It is believed that Umebachi came to be used as a pattern in the Nara period and as SUGAWARA no Michizane loved Japanese plum flowers, it was used as the crest of Tenman-gu Shrine.
- 堂形はより本格的に、木材で模して作る物で、簡略に矢の弾道の最も高い部分だけを作る場合と、本格的に全長を模す場合があった。
- Dogata imitated the real hallway more faithfully with wood, and as its types, there existed a simple version that had only the part of the roof, and a full-scale version modeled on the real one.
- 一方、欧米諸国では浮世絵は、印象派の巨匠たちに見出されて高く評価され、その作品に影響を与え、油絵による模写もされている。
- On the other hand, in Western countries Ukiyoe were found and highly appreciated by the great masters of the Impressionist school, whose works were influenced by Ukiyoe, and they were even reproduced in oil paintings.
- - 上越新幹線越後湯沢駅構内に併設されている小規模の博物館だが、新潟県内ほぼ全ての酒を利けるコーナーや酒風呂などがある。
- This is a small museum established on the premises of Echigo-Yuzawa station of the Joetsu New Trunk Line where you can taste almost all sake produced in Niigata Prefecture, an sakaburo (sake bath).
- 彼らもまた、小さい単位ながら、農民を支配する側の荘園下級役職者であると同時に、小規模ながら、その「村郷」の領主であった。
- They were also the estate owners of that 'village' at the same time they were lower ranking officers of Shoen that ruled over peasants despite being in a small scale unit.
- 次に地形を調査のうえ、大規模な治水を行い九頭竜川・足羽川・日野川 (福井県)の三大河川を造ることで湿原の干拓に成功した。
- Then, he conducted a large scale flood control construction based on a topographic investigation to create the three major rivers in Fukui Prefecture; Kuzuryu River, Asuwa River, and Hino River, and he successfully developed the wetland.
- その一方で、画一化した大手メーカーの味に飽き足らなくなった消費者が地方に残った小規模メーカーのサイダーを見直し始めている。
- Meanwhile, consumers who are not satisfied with the standardized taste of the saida produced by major manufacturers are beginning to reevaluate the saida made by small-scale makers left in the local area.
- 正装とみなされるには、絵羽模様があることと、家紋が入っていること、裾回し(八掛)が無垢仕立て=共裾であることが必要である。
- Formal dress is supposed to have eba-moyo, kamon, and susomawashi (hakkake) of mukujitate (sometimes mukujitate is called 'tomosuso').
- しかし文明が発達し人口も徐々に増え、国家や領土という社会構造が出来るにつれ、世界中で大規模な争いが起きるようになってゆく。
- However, along with the development of civilization, the gradual increase of population, and the establishment of social structure such as countries and land, large wars had occurred all over the world.
- 勝ち負けが存在し、またその一方で集団戦などの従来のチャンバラが持つ楽しさもあるため、年々その愛好者は増えている模様である。
- It seems that there are increasing numbers of players year after year because it determines winners and losers in the game and also it has the original excitements of chanbara such as team competition.
- たねや本店2階喫茶室に旧ヴォーリズ邸在りし時代の洋館街の陶器製模型が展示されており、当時の街の雰囲気にふれることができる。
- Taneya main shop has in the tea room on the second floor a ceramic scale model of the Yokangai during the times when the Vories residence was still standing, offering a glimpse of the past.
- 特に陶器は造形の制限が緩やかで、濃い色の皿・角型の皿、花や果実の形を模した器など、伝統的な欧米の料理の食器とは大きく異なる。
- In particular, earthenware can be shaped in many forms relatively easily, and dishes of earthenware are considerably different from those for traditional Western cuisine and are provided, for example, as deep-colored plates, rectangular plates, or flower-shaped or fruit-shaped dishes.
- なかでも1765年に刊行のはじまった「明和改正謡本」は、復曲を含む全二百十番組という公定の謡本としてはかつてない規模である。
- Especially, 'Utai Libretto Revised in the Meiwa Era,' the first edition of which was published in 1765, had 210 pieces including reprints, being the largest in scale among Utai-bon officially recognized so far.
- 2000年代前半から中盤における缶コーヒーの市場規模は推定約3億5000万ケースと横ばい~微減状態で停滞気味に推移している。
- The market size for canned coffee from the beginning to the mid 2000s hovered around an estimated 350 million cases, leveling off or slightly decreasing.
- 模刻は紙に書かれた書蹟を保存する時に行われるもので、石や木に原本の文字を精巧に模写し、これをたがねやのみによって彫りつける。
- The mokoku is a way to preserve handwriting written on paper by making exact copy of original characters on a piece of stone or wood and then engraving the copied characters with gads and chisels.
- ただし通天の文(筋目の模様。これがある犀角は高級品)があるものは許可されない」(意訳)などかなり多様なものがあったとわかる。
- In addition, it is said that stones with tsutennoaya, a grain pattern which was expensive, were not permitted.
- 大正ロマンや昭和モダンと呼ばれる花柄や幾何学模様、アール・デコを意識したデザインなどが近年のレトロブームで再評価されている。
- Kimono with floral and geometric patterns which is called 'Taisho Roman' or 'Showa Modern' or kimono with Art Deco-conscious design have been reassessed due to the recent boom of retro fashion.
- 副本は第8代蓮如の時代に2本が模写され、1本は正本と共に西本願寺蔵、1本は東本願寺に蔵され、国の重要文化財に指定されている。
- Two duplicates were produced in the age of Rennyo, who was the eighth head priest, and one was owned by the Nishi Hongan-ji Temple together with the original and the other was owned by the Higashi Hongan-ji Temple and designated as important national cultural property.
- 「新鳥の子」は、現在襖紙の中では最も廉価な製品で、パルプと古紙を原料とし、製紙から模様絵付けまで一貫して機械生産されている。
- The 'shin-torinoko' is the cheapest product among fusuma papers at present, made of wood pulp and recycled paper by machines consistently from paper manufacturing to pattern painting.
- とされ、漢代には12人のチームが対抗して鞠を争奪し「球門」に入れた数を競う遊戯として確立し、宮廷内で大規模な競技が行われた。
- In Han Dynasty, it was established as a competing game in which 2 teams of 12 people were striking the shuttlecock in order to kick it into the 'kyumon (goal),' and large-scale games were held in the Court.
- 開発のコンセプトとしては、次のような観点から気候や土壌などそれぞれの土地柄に合っていること、すなわち現地適応性が模索される。
- As the concept of development, from the following points of view, they seek local adaptability or, in other words, suitability for the local climate and soil.
- 1と2は、解明された知見を利用して人為的にライフサイクルを制御し大量に種苗を作ることで、商業規模での養殖が可能となっている。
- As for 1 and 2, by using the knowledge acquired through the elucidation and artificially managing the life cycles, the seedlings can be produced in high volumes and cultured on a commercial scale.
- 近世の京都で発生した最大規模の火災であり、皇居や二条城などが焼け落ちるなど深刻な被害であったために当時の社会に衝撃を与えた。
- It was the largest fire to break out in Kyoto during the early modern period and the serious damage caused including the destruction of the Imperial Palace and Nijo-jo Castle shocked the community at the time.
- 源頼朝の元で同じ御家人と呼ばれはしても、下川辺庄司行平、葛西御厨の葛西清重、畠山重忠などは、大規模寄進荘園の在地領主である。
- While being called gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate during the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) under MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, Shimokobe no SHOJI Yukihira, Kiyoshige KASAI of Kasai no Mikuriya, and Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, were manor heads of donated shoen on a grand scale.
- そこで、明治元年閏4月21日、日本の官制が公布され(政体書体制)、さらに翌年、律令制の二官八省を模した二官六省制が発足する。
- Therefore, on June 11, 1868, the 'Japanese government organization' law was issued (the Constitution of 1868), and the next year a system of two departments and six ministries, which was modeled on the Ritsuryo system of two departments and eight ministries, was set up.
- 月ヶ瀬村を合併した奈良市は2007年までに梅林の規模や衰退状況等を正確に調査した上「保存管理計画」を取りまとめる予定である。
- Nara City, which has absorbed Tsukigase Village, was to conduct a thorough study on the Tsukigase Bairin in terms of its size and current waning situation, and to compile a 'Conservation and Management Plan' by 2007.
- 伏見城をイメージした模擬天守(鉄筋コンクリート構造)とジェットコースター、ゴーカートなどの遊戯施設およびプールなどがあった。
- There were a replica of a keep copying Fushimi-jo Castle (reinforced concrete structure), attractions including roller coasters, go-cart trucks and a swimming pool.
- 日本では、関東大都市圏に次ぐ規模を誇っており、三大都市圏あるいは七大都市圏の一つとされる一方、世界6~7位の大都市圏である。
- In Japan, it boasts of a scale second only to the Kanto Metropolitan area, ranked as one of the three major metropolitan areas in the nation and also one of the seven largest, while in the world it is ranked as the 6th to 7th largest urban area.
- が、1156年保元の乱後、旧主である義朝の父・源為義を殺さなければならない羽目になって義朝との間が不和になり、相模国に帰国。
- After the Hogen War in 1156, however, he ended up being forced to kill MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, Yoshitomo's father and the former lord, which made him fall out with Yoshitomo and go back to Sagami Province.
- なかでも五条西洞院にあった柳酒屋という酒屋は、規模だけでなく扱っている酒質も同業者の群を抜く存在で、その名声は全国に知られた。
- Among them, Yanagi no sakaya, a sake brewery at Gojo Nishinotoin, was distinguished from fellow traders not only in its large scale but also in the high quality of its sake to become known all over Japan.
- 清楽の月琴は長崎経由で中国から輸入されたが、ほどなく日本国内でも模倣製作され、清楽以外の俗曲の演奏にも用いられるようになった。
- Gekkin for Xing-era Chinese music were imported from China through Nagasaki, but, later, it was manufactured in Japan imitating the Chinese instruments and it came to be used for performances of Japanese folk melody other than Xing-era Chinese music.
- しかし非常に華やかな模様の付け下げは、留袖ほどには正装ではないが、訪問着の正装の度合いに準ずるぐらいのものだとみなされている。
- However, some tsukesage with extremely gorgeous patterns might be regarded as a formal dress ranked next to normal homongi (formal kimono) such as tomesode (black formal kimono with kamon for married women).
- 絵画や絵巻では『鼠草紙』・『十二類合戦』とよばれる生き物を模した物や、『化物草子』では、案山子や柄杓の九十九神が描かれている。
- Paintings or picture scrolls in which living things were painted, such as 'Nezumi Zoshi' and 'Juni-rui Gassen,' were created, and the Tsukumogami of kakashi (scarecrow) and hishaku (ladle) were painted in 'Bakemono Zoshi.'
- 強大な中華帝国唐が盛んな時代には、貴族は中国文化を模範とした天平文化を築き、留学生が学んできた先進文化が政策上の規範になった。
- In the era when the strong Tang-Dynasty of the Chinese Empire was prosperous, nobles established the Tenpyo culture modeled on Chinese culture, and an advanced culture learned by scholars sent to China became the standard for policies.
- たとえばフィンセント・ファン・ゴッホによる歌川広重の『名所江戸百景』の模写やクロード・モネの着物を着た少女が非常に有名である。
- Famous examples include Vincent Van Gogh's copy of Hiroshige UTAGAWA's 'Meisho Edo Hyakkei' (100 selections of scenic views in Edo [old Tokyo]) and Claude Monet's painting of a girl wearing a kimono.
- 「雛まつり」の起源は京の貴族階級の子女が、天皇の御所を模した御殿や飾り付けで遊んだ平安時代の「雛あそび」が始まりとされている。
- 'Hina-matsuri' (the Doll's Festival) is considered to have originated in 'Hina-asobi' (literally, 'playing with hina dolls') during the Heian period where children of nobility in Kyoto used to play with models of the imperial palace and decorations.
- そういう酵母は、他の酵母とブレンドしたり、鑑評会への出品酒だけに使ったりと、まだ使い方が模索されている途上にあるといってよい。
- With respect to such yeasts, we can say that their use is still in the groping stage, for example blending with other yeasts or limiting its use for sake to be exhibited in kanpyokai (sake exhibition).
- 石膏模型は、弾力性があり細部が再現できるなどの要件を満たす材料(印象材)で歯並びを再現した物に歯科用の石膏を流し込んでつくる。
- The plaster figure is fashioned by pouring dental plaster into a duplicate made of such materials (impression materials) and thereby provide elasticity sufficient to recreate the details of the patient's tooth alignment.
- 反面、通信使の往来路であると否とにかかわらず、武蔵・相模以西の東海道・畿内・西国の農民には労役の提供や費用の負担が求められた。
- On the other hand, regardless of the route Tsushinshi took, it was requested for farmers in the Tokaido, Kinai, Saigoku regions located to the west of the Musashi and Sagami Provinces to provide physical labor and to bear costs.
- ただ、公家日記によると京都周辺で落武者狩りが行われ、60名前後が捕縛、処刑されたとあるので、小規模な戦闘はあったと思われている
- Judging from the description in kuge-nikki (noblemen's diaries) that 'the hunt for defeated warriors began around Kyoto and some sixty warriors were arrested and executed,' it could be considered that there was a small-scale battle.
- この時代に田柴料を基本とした土地・租税制度は崩壊に向かい、宗親・両班・寺院・武人らが各地で大規模な土地兼併を行うようになった。
- During this period the land and tax system based on Jeonshigwa (the Stipend Land Law) began to collapse and Soshin (the Imperial Family of the Yi Dynasty), Yangban (traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea during the Joseon Dynasty), temples and warriors began the large scaled tochikenpei (land unity) in various regions.
- 古墳は、規模・形状、およびその他の要素において、弥生時代の墓制にとって変わったものでなく、非常な変化した墓制としてあらわれた。
- Considering size, shape and other aspects of a kofun, it is clear that a kofun is not a replacement for graves of the Yayoi period, rather an institution of tombing which has greatly changed.
- また、石高で30~60万石程度(後には90万石まで引き上げられた)にして行財政の負担に耐えうる規模とすることを心がけたと言う。
- It is said that the kokudaka (territorial land value) of prefecture was determined to be 300,000 to 600,000 goku (later 900,000 goku) so that prefectures could afford administrative expenses.
- 破壊の危機に瀕したいたすけ古墳の保存運動などをきっかけに、古墳は保存すべき文化財との認識が広まり、近年では大規模な破壊はない。
- In recent years, there has been no major destruction of kofun because of preservation activities of Itasuke Kofun, and people share recognition that kofun should be preserved.
- また足羽神社の近くにある足羽山公園には継体天皇を模した巨大な石像が坂井市を見下ろすように建っており、観光スポットとなっている。
- In the Asuwayama park near Asuwa-jinja Shrine, there stands the giant stone statue of Emperor Keitai, overlooking the Sakai City and attracting tourists.
- 白・黒の一色、濃淡帯状の縞模様、白地に黒ぶちや茶ぶち、そして三毛猫と呼ばれる白・茶・黒の三色に色分けされているものなどがいる。
- A single color of either white or black, a belt-shaped pattern of stripes with light and shade, black patches or brown patches on a white coat, and three colors of white, brown and black, called Mike (Calico) Cat, are examples classified by color.
- 今日では清吉とその情婦・十六夜にかかわる部分のみが『花街模様薊色縫』(さともよう あざみの いろぬい)の外題で上演されている。
- These days, the story of Seikichi and his courtesan Izayoi is extracted and performed under the title of 'Satomoyo Azami no Ironui.'
- なお、英語ではその後大規模な音韻変化が起こったため、Kimonoの発音が「キモノ」よりも「カモノ」「カイモノ」に近くなっている。
- As the phonology was drastically changed in the English language after importing the word Kimono, the pronunciation of Kimono has been near to 'Kamono' or 'Kaimono' than 'Kimono.'
- 小袖の模様は熨斗目もしくは無地であるが、現在では無地のみが用いられ、熨斗目小袖の紋付は歌舞伎や時代劇の衣装として残るのみである。
- Montsuki kosode has two types of patterns: the solid-color type and noshime type; today, however, only the solid-color kosode is used among the public, and noshime kosode is seen just in Kabuki or historical dramas.
- 20世紀前半に小紋を作る手法を発展させて、布を裁断すると模様の上下方向が統一されるようなデザインを反物の布に描く技術が発達した。
- In the early twentieth century, based on the technique of drawing komon (small patterns drawn on the whole cloth) craftsmen introduced new technique of drawing a little bigger pattern on materials so that patterns don't lose the direction.
- しかし1872年(明治5年)には能・狂言の「皇上ヲ模擬シ、上ヲ猥涜」するものが禁止され、「勧善懲悪ヲ主トス」ることも命じられた。
- However in 1872, the Noh farce 'Imitating the Emperor, Insulting a Superior' was prohibited and 'Encourage goodwill and punish evil' was also banned by law.
- 流派組織の規模の大きなものとして、財団法人生弓会(本多流)、小笠原流同門会、浦上同門会(日置流印西派(いんさいは))などがある。
- Large-scale school organizations include Zaidanhojin Seikyukai (Seikyukai Foundation) (Honda-ryu school), Ogasawararyu Domonkai and Urakami Domonkai (Heki-ryu Insai-ha).
- 東勝寺合戦(とうしょうじがっせん)は、鎌倉時代末期の1333年(元弘3年、正慶2年)に相模国鎌倉(現在の鎌倉市)で行われた戦い。
- The Tosho-ji War was a battle fought in Kamakura (the present Kamakura City), Sagami Province in 1333, at the end of Kamakura period.
- その一方で自己の専売を確立した市場では座外の商人・職人の営業を禁止して座衆による独占を図り、座に属する小規模業者の維持に努めた。
- In the market where a za obtained an exclusive right to sell their merchandise, at the same time, they attempted to monopolize the market by prohibiting merchants and artisans who did not participated in that za from engaging in trade, and thus they sustained small traders belonging to the za.
- 日本列島で大規模な古墳が築造された3世紀半ば過ぎから7世紀後半にかけての時期には、朝鮮半島でも墳丘をもつ古墳が盛んに造営された。
- Between the middle of the third century and the late seventh century, a lot of major kofun were constructed in Japan, and at this time in Korea, a lot of kofun which have tumuli were constructed.
- さらに秀吉は翌月に自らの主催で大規模な信長の葬儀を執り行い、8月には京都奉行として自らの一門筋である浅野長政・杉原家次をすえた。
- Furthermore, Hideyoshi organized and performed a large-scale funeral for Nobunaga the following month, and in August, he appointed Nagamasa ASANO and Ietsugu SUGIHARA, both of whom belonged to his own clan, as the Kyoto magistrates.
- 京阪では当富(あたりとみ)の番号を大幟にしるして、札屋の軒前に立てかけるものもあり、たとえ当札のない店でもこれを模造して立てた。
- In Keihan, some ticket sellers places a vertical large flag with winning numbers of ataritomi and even shops without any winning number placed a imitated flag.
- いわゆる「清凉寺式釈迦如来像」の典型作で、京都・清凉寺にある三国伝来の釈迦像(「三国」はインド、中国、日本を指す)の模刻である。
- It is a representative work of so-called 'statues of Shakanyorai in Seiryoji style' and an imitation of sangokudenrai (literally, transmitted in three countries; 'sangoku' means India, China and Japan) statue of Shakyamuni in Seiryo-ji Temple in Kyoto.
- 1964年にニューヨークに開店した紅花 (飲食業)の鉄板焼きは、アメリカ人をターゲットに定めて成功し、その模倣店が全米に続出した。
- As Teppanyaki served at Benihana Restaurant opened in New York in 1964 became popular by targeting the American, Benihana Corp. opened similar restaurants one after another all over the United States.
- 大規模な飾り付けが行われるため準備期間は長くかかるものの、「雛飾りを長く飾っておくと嫁入りが遅れる」ことから4日には片付けられる。
- Despite the long preparation for the large-scale decorations, they are put away on the fourth because 'placing hina dolls over a prolonged period may lead to a late marriage.'
- 太鼓台の屋根にあたる布団部分の四隅には トンボ・まくら・括りと呼ばれる大きな布製の結び飾りがあり、これは雨雲を模したものとされる。
- The large decorative cloth knots, also called tonbo (literally, dragonfly), makura (literally, pillow), and kukuri, model a rain cloud on the four corners of the futon, the roof part of the taikodai.
- 青海波と霞の模様が刺繍された下襲に、牡丹などが織られた半臂をまとい、チドリ科が刺繍された袍の右肩を袒ぎ、太刀を佩き、別甲をかぶる。
- The players wear shitagasane (long inner robe) embroidered with patterns of seigaiha pattern and haze, hanpi (sleeveless body wear) with peony patterns woven onto them, and ho (outer robe or vestment) embroidered with plover patterns while exposing their right shoulder through the ho as they carry a sword and wear betsukabuto (headpiece for mai, a formal, traditional Japanese dance).
- 北野の森において10月1日より10日間、大規模な茶会を開き、秀吉が自らの名物(茶道具)を数寄執心の者(名物マニア)に公開すること。
- In the woods of Kitano for 10 days from October 1, large-scale tea ceremonies were held where Hideyoshi's own tea ceremony treasures (tea ceremony related accessories) were on open show for the people who have strong attachment to tea ceremony culture (infatuation with tea ceremony accessories).
- 慶州市の南4kmにある西南離宮・鮑石亭は、「流觴曲水宴」が開かれた場所として知られ、鮑模様の石溝・曲粋渠(ゴッスゴ)が残っている。
- Poseokjeong (Pavilion of Stone Abalone) of South West Palace, four kilometers to the south of Kyongju City, is known as a place where 'ryusho (floating cup) kyokusui no en' was held, and the remains of abalone-shaped watercourse still exist here.
- 作リ物は極端なまでに簡略化され、例えば「舟」は竹ヒゴ製模型飛行機の主翼を大きくしたようなものに過ぎないが、能にはこれで十分である。
- A replica may be extremely simplified. For instance, a 'boat' in Noh is not bigger than an enlarged main wing of a model aircraft made of bamboo poles. It is big enough for Noh though.
- 威の色・模様・材質等により紺絲威(こんいとおどし)、匂威(においおどし)、小桜韋黄返威(こざくらがわきがえしおどし)等と呼ばれる。
- According to the color, pattern design, material quality, the string is called 'Konito-odoshi (lace with navy blue string),' 'Nioi-odoshi (lace with odor),' and 'Kozakura Kawa Kigaeshi Odoshi Yoroi (yellow lace with Kozakura leather).'
- 日本の昔話の主人公である金太郎の顔の睫毛や瞳などを含む目・鼻・口・月代(さかやき)などの色を模した板状の飴をあらかじめ用意しする。
- First, sheets of candy in colors that represent the different parts of the face of Kintaro (the main character of a Japanese folk tale) are prepared, such as his eyes (including his eyelashes and pupils), nose, mouth and sakayaki (the shaved part of a samurai's head).
- 鎧、兜、刀、武者人形や金太郎を模した五月人形などを室内の飾り段に飾り、庭前に鯉幟(こいのぼり)を立てるのが、典型的な祝い方である。
- The typical way to celebrate tango no sekku is to display armor, helmet, sword, doll warrior, or gogatsu-ningyo dolls (literally, dolls of May) modeled after Kintaro (a famous brave boy in a nursery tale) in a tiered stand in a room, and to fly Koinobori (carp streamers) are flown on a pole in the front yard.
- 軍団兵士制は、古代の戸籍制度に登録された正丁(成年男子)3人に1人を徴発し、1国単位で約1000人規模の軍団を編成する制度である。
- In the gundan-soldier system, one out of every three adults registered in the family registration system was conscripted to organize a gundan of around 1000 persons in a province.
- 縞模様のネコはトラネコと呼ばれ、茶縞のものをチャトラ、こげ茶縞のものをキジトラ、灰色縞のものをサバトラと特に分けて呼ぶ場合もある。
- A cat with a pattern of stripes is referred to as Tabby Cat, and sometimes called specifically in different terms; one with brown stripes is Red Tabby or Orange Tabby, one with dark brown stripes is Brown Tabby, and one with grey stripes is Grey Tabby.
- 『稲瀬川』は、風采の上がらない小團次と美しい女形の粂三郎の色模様を、清元節の『梅柳中宵月』を使って江戸情緒たっぷりに表されている。
- In 'Inasegawa,' the love story of Kodanji, a plain-looking man and Kumesaburo, a beautiful actor of female role is well expressed in the atmosphere of Edo (old Tokyo), effectively using Kiyomoto bushi (theatrical music) 'Umeyanagi Nakamoyoizuki.'
- このため、国指定大台山系鳥獣保護区(大規模生息地)に指定されている(面積18,054ヘクタール、うち特別保護地区1,403ha)。
- For this reason, it is designated as government-designated Mt. Odaigahara wildlife refuge (large-scale habitat) (1,403 hectares of special protection area within the total area of 18,054 hectares).
- 絣・飛白(かすり)とは、模様がところどころにおいて「かすった」ように織られた染め文様、もしくはそのような文様を持つ織物のことである。
- Kasuri refers to weaved patterns, some of which look as if they were 'scratched,' or refers to a fabric that has such patterns.
- 産地、材質、形式、彫刻の模様などにより様々な種類の硯があるが、中でも端溪硯(たんけいけん)、歙州硯(きゅうじゅうけん)が有名である。
- Among a variety of suzuri according to the localities, materials, forms and the decoration of the engravings, the famous suzuri are Tankeiken (Duanshi ink stone) and Kyujuken (Shezhou ink stone).
- そして、、黒田清隆内閣の時、君主権が強いプロイセン憲法を模倣した大日本帝国憲法が明治天皇から臣下に授ける形で制定された(欽定憲法)。
- During times of the cabinet of Kiyotaka KURODA, the Constitution of the Empire of Japan modeling after the Prussian constitution which stresses royal prerogative was established in a manner that Emperor Meiji bestowed it on his subjects (a constitution enacted by the emperor).
- 八葉車(はちようのくるま):網代を萌黄色(黄緑)に塗り、九曜星(八葉/大きな円の周りに小さな円を八つ書いたもの)の模様を書いたもの。
- Hachiyo no kuruma: An oxcart made with yellowish-green ajiro and painted with kuyosei patterns (also referred as hachiyo: a big circle surrounded by eight small circles).
- 武士身分を対象とした学校は、江戸幕府直轄の学校と、藩が運営した藩校に大別され、その規模、内容共にこの時代を代表する教育機関であった。
- Schools for samurai status were broadly divided into the schools under the direct control of the Edo bakufu and those run by each han (domain); both were educational institutions representing the period in their scale and content.
- これを打開するため、発展してきた商品生産・流通に新たな財源を見出し、さらに大規模な新田開発と蝦夷地開発を試みたのが田沼意次であった。
- It is Okitsugu TANUMA who devised a strategy for breaking out of this situation by levying business taxes on production and distribution of commodities as a new source of revenue and furthermore carrying out the large-scale development of a new fields and development of the Ezo (present Hokkaido).
- しかし小規模な路線が多く経営的には苦しく、1955年(昭和30年)頃から比叡山方面への進出をもくろむ京阪電気鉄道の傘下となっていった。
- However, managing many small-scale routes led to the financial difficulties for the company, from around 1955, many routes were sold to Keihan Electric Railway, which was planning to extend their business in the Mt. Hiei area.
- また、御館の乱を契機に武田とは交戦状態となっていた北条氏政(妹は勝頼夫人)も相模・伊豆・上野国から甲斐・信濃へ進軍することに決定した。
- Ujimasa HOJO (Katsuyori's brother-in-law), who had been fighting with the Takeda clan since the Otate Rebellion, also decided to send troops into Kai and Shinano Provinces from Sagami, Izu and Kozuke Provinces.
- 相模組与頭の佐々木只三郎、渡辺吉太郎、高橋安二郎、桂早之助、土肥仲蔵、桜井大三郎、今井信郎らが坂本龍馬暗殺の実行犯として有力とされる。
- Tadasaburo SASAKI, who was Kumigashira (the leader) of the Sagami no kami brigade, and Kichitaro WATANABE, Yasujiro TAKAHASHI, Hayanosuke KATSURA, Nakazo DOHI, Daizaburo SAKURAI, and Nobuo IMAI are regarded as likely perpetrators of the assassination of Ryoma SAKAMOTO.
- こういった表情は実に細かな描線で描かれており、薄い紙に模写したところで「1ミリの何分の1でも線が狂えば表情は変わってしまう」のだという。
- These facial expressions were drawn with very fine lines and it is said that when they are copied out on thin papers, 'facial expression will be changed if you miss your aim in a fraction of 1mm.'
- 同志社大学文学部卒業後、1949年「いけばな芸術」の編集長となり、勅使河原宏らとともに、流派を超えた新しいいけばなの方向を模索し始めた。
- After graduating from the Faculty of Letters, Doshisha University, he became the chief editor of 'Ikebana geijutsu' (art of flower arrangement) in 1949 and, along with Hiroshi TESHIGAWARA and so on, started to seek a new direction in ikebana (flower arrangement) on a cross-school basis.
- 織模様(紋)や染色技術の進展によって色彩に多様性が生まれ、朝廷における儀式行事に用いられることによって貴族の衣服は文化的な向上を見せた。
- Due to the development of woven pattern (design) and dye techniques, colorful clothing came to be used in ceremonial rituals in the Imperial court, showing the cultural improvement in clothing of the court nobles.
- 絵衣(えぎぬ):雲や松、椿の模様を描いた白い練絹に萌黄色の生絹(すずし/生糸で織った薄い織物)の裏地をつけた丈の短い表衣(うえのきぬ)。
- Eginu (silk canvas): a white short-length ue no kinu (silk robe) composed of white neriginu (glossy silk) with patterns of clouds, pine trees, and Camellia and a suzushi (raw silk products that were thinly made) lining in moegiiro (a light green color).
- また、平成18年(2006年)には懸装品と伝わる織物が地元企業に保管されているのが確認され宵山に実物大の模造品が同山の町内で展示された。
- Further in 2006, it was confirmed that a textile handed down as an object for decoration was maintained by the local company; and in Yoiyama, a life-size model of the textile was exhibited in the town.
- 平安時代の末期には、第二次性徴に達し元服・裳着を迎えるにあたって女性のみならず男性貴族、平氏などの武士、大規模寺院における稚児も行った。
- In the late Heian period, not only did girls who had shown secondary sex characteristics or who had attended coming-of-age ceremony, but male nobles, Samurai in the Taira clan, and children in a festival procession in big temples or shrines also practiced tooth blackening.
- そのため成功例の仙台七夕を模範に、戦後の復興期以降、商店街イベントとしての「七夕祭り」が東日本を中心に日本各地で開催されるようになった。
- Since the restoration period after the war, many shopping avenues throughout the nation, especially those in eastern Japan, have organized 'Tanabata Matsuri' following the success in Sendai.
- これらは細く長く明治以降もそのまま引き継がれ、けっして大規模ではないが確固としたシステムを基盤として今日の地方蔵にも残っているのである。
- This style has been handed down for a long period of time even after the Meiji period, although the business has not grown much, and still remains in local sake-factories, with the not-large-scaled but established system as its basis.
- 図3は武徳編年集成に記載されている小田原の陣における徳川家康軍団の構成を模式図にしたものである(但し、本陣備については再考の余地あり)。
- Figure 3 shows a diagrammatic representation of how Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's troops were composed at the Siege of Odawara, as recorded in Butoku Henen Shusei (however, there is room for reexamination of the army headquarters sonae).
- 特に、この時に交替した上総国・相模国では有力在庁の上総広常・三浦義明は平氏の目代に圧迫を受け、源頼朝の挙兵に積極的に加わる要因となった。
- Tsunehiro KAZUSA and Yoshiaki MIURA of the powerful government officers of the alternated Kazusa and Sagami Provinces, were pressurized by Mokudai (deputy kokushi, or a deputy provincial governor) of Taira clan, and this became a trigger for them to greatly contribute to the mobilization of the army of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
- 当時日本の近代化のほとんどは当時世界一の大帝国だったイギリスを模範に行っていたため、歌詞もイギリスの国歌を手本に選んだとも言われている。
- It is also said that the words were selected using the British National Anthem as a model because almost all modernization of Japan at that time was carried out after the model of Great Britain, which was the biggest imperial monarchy in the world at that time.
- たとえば、唐の均田制を模範とした日本の班田収授法は、刑法や官制などとちがって、従来の土地所有制度と調整しなければ実行しがたい制度である。
- For example, unlike criminal law or rules governing administrative organizations, the ancient farmland allotment and reception law in Japan that was modeled on the equal-field system during the Tang dynasty, was a difficult system to implement without adjustments to the traditional landholding system.
- これ以前にも、織田信長によって大規模な検地(指出検地とも呼ばれる)が行われた(一部の者はこれを「信長検地(しんちょうけんち)」と呼ぶ)。
- Even before Taiko-kenchi, comprehensive land surveys (also called Sashidashi Kenchi) were conducted by Nobunaga ODA (some people call it 'Shincho Kenchi').
- 古墳は規模や化粧方法の違いとともにその平面形状によってと、さらに埋葬の中心施設である主体部の構造や形態によって細かく分類編年されている。
- Kofun is chronologically and particularly classified according to the size, decoration, surface shape, as well as the construction and shape of the main part, which is the most important part of entombment.
- これは上記の陸軍による輯製20万分1図作成のための骨格基図として模写されたものが、第二次世界大戦後接収され米国に渡ったものと考えられる。
- It is believed that these maps were replicated as the framework for preparation of Syusei maps on a scale of 1 to 200,000 by the Army as stated above, and taken over and carried to the United States after the World War II.
- また登場人物も多岐にわたるため、歌舞伎では大規模な座組み(配役)が必要となり、菅丞相の適任者が少ないこともあって上演が難しい演目である。
- Also, since there were various characters, kabuki required a grand scale casts, and was hard to perform since not many were fit to play the role of Kanshojo.
- 家族向けの中規模遊園地で、開業当時は数少ない遊園地で年間20万人近くの入場者があったが、その後は他の遊園地との競争が激化したため、低迷。
- It was a family-oriented mid-sized amusement park and received annual visitors around 200,000 just after its opening when there were few amusement parks around, however, the competition with other amusement parks became fierce later on and its business continued to stagnate.
- そして、「冷麦」の読みは明らかに「ひやむぎ」であるため、この時期には「素麺に近い細い切り麺=ひやむぎ」という概念は誕生していた模様である。
- Furthermore, because the pronunciation of the kanji characters for 'chilled wheat' is undoubtedly 'hiyamugi,' it seems that during this period the concept of 'cut noodles similar to somen = hiyamugi' was already born.
- だが、正安2年(1300年)には得宗北条貞時の御内人5名が越訴を担当するように命じられるなど、越訴を含めた得宗の訴訟権限支配が模索された。
- However, Tokuso tried to control lawsuits including direct appeals; for example, five Miuchibito (private vassals) of Tokuso Sadatoki HOJO were ordered to take charge to a direct appeal in 1300.
- 伊豆の在庁官人として北条の地に館をかまえる武士であったが、その規模はけっして大きくなく、伊豆においても中流クラスの存在であったとみられる。
- Therefore, it is assumed that they were the middle-class samurai in Izu Province resided at Hojo in the capacity of Zaichokanjin (local officials) without a great deal of power.
- 親に対する「孝」を重んじる儒教社会では、君主が人々に対する模範として、率先して母親やその親族に対して礼を尽くすべきであると考えられてきた。
- In Confucian society that highly regards filial duty, it has been considered that the monarch should take the initiative in according his mother and her relatives every courtesy as an example for the people.
- 「楼門五三桐」の石川五右衛門の銀の延煙管、「博多小女郎浪枕」の毛剃のオランダ模様のある大きな煙管など、歌舞伎狂言によってそれぞれ形がある。
- Each kiseru appearing on Kabuki and Kyogen (farce played during a No play cycle) is different in shape, such as Goemon ISHIKAWA's silver nobe-kiseru in the 'Sammon Gosan No Kiri' (The Temple Gate and the Paulownia Crest), Kuemon KEZORI's big kiseru with Netherlandish patterns in the 'Hakata Kojoro Namimakura' (voyage of geisha girl in Hakata) and amongst others.
- しかしジャスコ久御山店、ロックタウン久御山店などの大規模な商業施設がオープンしてからは逆に周辺市町からの来客も発生し、商業面が強化された。
- However, after the opening of large-scale commercial facilities such as JUSCO KUMIYAMA, LOC TOWN KUMIYAMA, people came from surrounding municipalities, and commerce was strengthened.
- ことに和服の帯のように幅広のものは、意匠を凝らす余地が存分にあることから、様々な模様が与えられ、帯としての機能を離れ鑑賞物とすらなっている。
- Especially, since obi for traditional Japanese clothes are broad enough to include various designs, obi became ornamental apart from its original functions as obi.
- そういう新種の酵母は、他の酵母とブレンドしたり、全国新酒鑑評会への出品酒のみに使ったりと、まだ使い方が模索されている途上にあるといってよい。
- It can be said that the way of using such new yeasts is on the way to establishment as they are used by mixing with other yeasts or only for the sake listed at Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai.
- その間、新たな方向をさまざまに模索、そのひとつとして、江戸時代初期の音楽である三味線組歌や箏組歌、段物をよく研究し、自らの曲にも取り入れた。
- Meanwhile, he sought for various new ways, for example, he studied well shamisen kumiuta (song cycles accompanied by koto or shamisen), koto kumiuta (koto suites of songs) or danmono (most important type in shirabemono (the koto solo instrumental music)) and incorporated them into his own works.
- この年の7月に九州平定を終えた秀吉は、京都の朝廷や民衆に自己の権威を示すために、聚楽第造営と併行して大規模なイベントを開催することを企てた。
- Hideyoshi who had completed the subjugation of Kyushu in July of that year, aimed to hold the event coinciding with the construction of his mansion 'Jurakudai' to display his own power to the imperial court and the general masses.
- 1993年までに約12000平方メートルもの面積について発掘されその結果伽藍の配置や堂の規模、庭園の様子などは徐々に明らかになってきている。
- Approximately 12,000 square meters have been excavated up to 1993, and the position of temples and scale of the halls have gradually been determined.
- 精進料理(日本・中国)、もしくは欧米では健康または宗教上の理由で肉類を食べない菜食主義者向けの、肉を模した代用食品の原料として麩が使われる。
- Fu are also used in the Buddhist cuisine (in both Japan and China) and as ingredients for meat-substitute products for vegetarians in North America and Europe who do not eat meat for health or religious reasons.
- 弓道場は競技の違いから近的場、遠的場があり、同時に的前に立てる人数(置ける的の数)はその道場の規模によって1人〜15人以上と大きく幅がある。
- Kyudo dojo are categorized as kyudo dojo for regular close-range shooting or kyudo dojo for long-distance shooting, and the number of people who can face the target (the number of targets to be placed) varies from one to 15 or more, depending on the size of the dojo.
- 当時、日本は国内を二分する大規模内乱(治承・寿永の乱)の真っ直中にあったが、この内乱の中でも(又は内乱に乗じて)訴訟事案は多数発生していた。
- The Monchujo was established amid a large scale civil war (the Jisho-Juei War), and despite the war (or because of it), there were many lawsuits resulting at the time.
- 戦後は稲作の大規模化・機械化が推し進められ、傾斜に合わせて様々な形をしていた圃場は、農業機械が導入し易い大型の長方形に統一されて整備された。
- As rice cultivation has become more massive and mechanized since the end of the World War II, agricultural fields, each of which used to be shaped differently according to the slope, were improved and unified into large rectangles in which it is easier to introduce farm machines.
- 天智天皇は直系の大友皇子(弘文天皇)に皇位継承したが、それを不服とする大海人皇子が大規模な叛乱を起こし、弘文天皇を滅ぼして天武天皇となった。
- Emperor Tenji passed the Imperial throne to his direct line, Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun), however, Prince Oama, who was against it, caused a large dispute, and killed Emperor Kobun, and became Emperor Tenmu.
- 特に、秀吉の都市改造は大規模なもので、聚楽第と武家町の建設、内裏の修理と公家町の建設、洛中に散在していた寺をあつめた寺町の建設などを行った。
- Hideyoshi's urban reconstruction was of a particularly large scale and led to the construction of Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's residence and office in Kyoto) and Bukemachi (a samurai residential district), the repair of the Dairi (Imperial Palace), and the construction of Kugemachi (a court noble village) and Teramachi (temple district) in order to assemble the temples which were once scattered throughout central Kyoto.
- 近年開業した大規模小売店舗の敷地内にも久御山町の野菜の直販コーナーが設けられ、徐々に知名度が上がりリピーターを確保する程までに成長している。
- Because of an outlet store for vegetables of Kumiyama-cho established within the premises of a recently-opened large-scale retail store, the area's name recognition increased gradually, until it experienced growth through establishing repeat customers.
- 日本では昭和からの大規模な書道展の開催により、書道が近代芸術としての地位を確立したことから、その芸術作品としての創作方法も書の技法に加わった。
- In Japan, large-scale Shodo exhibitions were held since the Showa period which established Shodo's status as modern art, consequently a creative method as art work is added to Shodo technique.
- 各地の初詣の模様は、12月31日より1月1日早朝にかけて日本放送協会NHK総合テレビジョンの長寿番組「ゆく年くる年」などで毎年中継されている。
- Hatsumode in various areas are broadcast every year from December 31 until the early morning of January 1 in the programs such as a long-running program called 'Yukutoshi -Kurutoshi' (the old year and the new year) by Nippon Hoso Kyokai (Japan Broadcasting Corporation).
- 西川春洞門の豊道春海による大正時代末期の「日本書道作振会」の創立を皮切りに、大規模な書道団体の結成が相次ぎ、その団体による書道展が開催された。
- Starting with that, Shunkai BUNDO, a follower of Shundo NISHIKAWA, established 'Nihon Shodo Sakushin-Kai' (an association for promoting calligraphy in Japan) newly towards the end of Taisho period, many calligraphic bodies were established one after another, holding calligraphic exhibitions.
- 頭に鍍金した唐草模様の宝冠(雅楽では、山形の額飾りと側頭部に二本の剣形の飾りを備えた金属製のヘッドバンドを指す)をつけ、二本の桜の枝をはさむ。
- They wear gold-plated crowns with an arabesque design on their heads (in Gagaku, dancers put mountain shape tiaras on their forehead and metal headbands with two sword-shaped ornaments on their temporal region), and stick two sprays of cherry blossoms under each crown.
- 平安時代頃から、真言宗、天台宗等の大規模寺院において、剃髪しない少年修行僧(12~18才くらい)が現れはじめ、これも稚児と呼ばれる様になった。
- Since around the Heian period, young trainee monks (age 12 to about 18) who did not shave their heads began to appear at the large-scale temples of the Shingon and Tendai sects of Buddhism, and these boys came to be called chigo.
- また、江戸時代以前には起源がなく、専ら近現代的な行事として始まったものや、他地域の伝統的な夏祭りを模倣した(またその影響下にある)ものも多い。
- Besides, there are many natsumatsuri that had not existed before the Edo Period but began solely as modern festivals or otherwise started as an imitation of some traditional festivals in other regions (or under their influence).
- 平安時代には、まず小規模な免税農地からなる免田寄人型荘園が発達し、その後、皇室や摂関家・大寺社など権力者へ寄進する寄進地系荘園が主流を占めた。
- During the Heian period, the tax-exempt shoen estates which consisted of small scale farmlands developed first and later the donated-type of shoen (manor) became mainstream, which was donated to powerful people such as the Imperial Family, sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents), main temples, shrines, and so on.
- 近年の知見では新都平城京の規模は旧都藤原京とほぼ変わらず、むしろ藤原京のほうが広いぐらいであり、長安城に比較すれば4分の1程度にすぎなかった。
- According to recent findings, the scale of the new capital, Heijokyo, was almost same as the old capital Fujiwarakyo, in fact Fujiwarakyo was even greater although compared to Chang'ancheng, it was not even one quarter of the size.
- 石板や木板に蘭亭序を模刻し、それから制作された拓本のなかで、古来最も貴ばれたものは、五代~北宋時代初期に碑石が定武郡で発見された定武本である。
- The Teibu-bon, on which a stone monument was found in Teibu County between the period of Five Dynasties and the period of Baisong Dynasty, has been valued the most since old times among all the rubbed copies produced using the Ranteijo engraved on slates or wooden boards.
- 京都御馬揃え(きょうとおんうまそろえ?)は天正9年2月28日_(旧暦)(1581年4月1日)、織田信長が京都で行った大規模な軍事パレードである。
- Kyoto Onuma soroe was the great military parade in Kyoto which was staged by Nobunaga ODA on April 11, 1581.
- 産業的には、日本の漁港一覧であり、気仙沼漁港、石巻漁港、塩釜漁港のような大規模な特定第3種漁港の存在と、関連する水産加工業の発達が影響している。
- From an industrial viewpoint, as in the list of fishing ports in Japan, there is the influence of the large-scale Tokutei Daisansyu Gyoko such as the fishing ports of Kesennuma, Ishinomaki and Shiogama, as well as the development of related marine-product processing industries.
- 最近では多くの蔵がこの方法を採用し、米種以外の条件を揃えて消費者の米種別の嗜好を模索したり、それぞれの米種にあった醸造法が研究されたりしている。
- In recent years, many breweries have adopted this method and, preparing various conditions other than the variety of rice, have sought to identify consumer preferences for varieties of rice or pursue brewing methods suitable for each variety of rice.
- 力を持った武士らが開発領主となるとき、その兄弟子弟、親類縁者も周辺を開拓し、小規模開発領主となって、その一族が結束してひとつの「武士団」となる。
- When the powerful bushi group became the kaihatsu-ryoshu, its brothers, children, and relatives cultivated the surrounding area into small cultivating land owners, and that clan gathered to form one 'bushidan.'
- 朝鮮通信使を模したもので、今日にも伝わる著名なものとして唐人おどり(鈴鹿市東玉垣町、津市分部町)、唐子おどり(岡山県瀬戸内市牛窓)の3件がある。
- The three Tojin (Chinese) dances handed down, each in Higashi Tamagaki-cho, Suzuka City, in Wakebe-cho, Tsu City, or in Ushimado, Setouchi City, Okayama Prefecture, are famous for imitating Chosen Tsushinshi.
- 鎌倉中期から徐々に発展してきた貨幣経済や商業・流通経済を政策に取り込んだ体制の維持の成功は、豊臣秀吉や蒲生氏郷など多くの模倣者や追随者を生んだ。
- He succeeded in maintaining this system by adopting a monetary economy and commodity markets which gradually developed after the mid-Kamakura period; this success also gave rise to many imitators and followers such as Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Ujisato GAMO.
- 慶長から寛永期頃までは各地の金鉱山および銀山の産出が世界有数を誇る規模であり、五代将軍徳川綱吉の頃までは江戸城御金蔵の金銀の蓄えも潤沢であった。
- From the Keicho to the Kanei era, the gold and silver mines in Japan boasts the highest outputs in the world, and until the era of Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, the 5th shogun, ample fund of gold and silver were stored in the gold storehouse in Edo-jo Castle.
- 1869年にはエジンバラ公爵の来日に際して能が演じられたが、1872年(明治5年)には能・狂言の「皇上ヲ模擬シ、上ヲ猥涜」するものが禁止された。
- Although Noh performance was conducted when The Duke of Edinburgh visited Japan in 1869, a government order was issued in 1872 by which Noh/kyogen that 'mocks or insults the Emperor' was prohibited.
- 陵墓は従来の仏式葬の石塔から古式に改められ、歴代天皇墓所の泉涌寺内に円墳を模した後月輪東山陵(のちのつきのわのひがしやまのみささぎ)が築かれた。
- The Mausoleum was changed from the existing tombstone style of Buddhist rites to an older style, the round barrow, the Nochinotsukinowa Mausoleum (later called Tsukinowano higashiyamano misasagi) was established within Sennyu-ji Temple of the successive Emperor's Mausoleum.
- それぞれの見廻役が配下の組を持ち、それぞれ見廻役の官職名から相模守組(蒔田廣孝)と出雲守組(松平康正)と呼ばれ、各200名ほどの組員を指揮した。
- The two Mimawariyaku respectively formed brigades under their command which were named after the official titles of the commanders as the Sagami no kami (governor of Sagami Province) brigade (Hirotaka MAITA) and the Izumo no kami (governor of Izumo Province) brigade (Yasumasa MATSUDAIRA) with about 200 soldiers under their command.
- 隊の規律維持のために厳しい局中法度を定め違反者に対し粛清を行ったことや、「誠」の一字の隊旗や袖口に山形の模様を染め抜いた独特の羽織でも知られる。
- They are also known for setting strict Kyokuchu Hatto (Shinsen-gumi Rules) to maintain order within Shinsen-gumi, purging those who violated the rules, and for their group flag with one kanji character, 'Makoto', and original short coats with mountain-like patterns painted on the sleeves.
- 生地は地模様の無い縮緬が黒い地色で染められており、背・後ろ袖・前胸に五つの紋(染め抜き日向紋)がある、柄付けは腰よりも下の位置にのみ置かれている。
- The cloth is silk crepe dyed solid black with the family crest resist-dyed (Somenuki hinatamon) on five places of the back, backside of the sleeves, and chest of the left-hand Maemigoro and the right-hand Maemigoro and colored design on the skirt.
- 現在「留袖」と言われているのは、化政文化華やかな頃、江戸で芸者から流行が広がった江戸褄(えどづま)と呼ばれる下半身部にのみ模様の入った着物を指す。
- The type of kimono called 'tomesode' today refers to the kimono having patterns woven only in the lower body part of the kimono called 'edozuma', which were worn by geisha (Japanese professional female entertainer at drinking party) at first and became popular among women in Edo.
- 一度彫ってしまえば保存が利く上、いくらでも拓本を採って複製を作ることが可能な模刻は、学書者にとっても研究家や蒐集家にとっても最適であったのである。
- Since an engraved piece is durable and can create many duplicates by rubbing, mokoku was the best method for those who studied calligraphy as well as researchers and collectors.
- 地域によっては、夕方以降、歩道や広場を使って衣料品、雑貨類を販売する大規模な市場が現れたり、歩行者天国状態にした、食品の屋台街が現れる場所もある。
- In the evening, there are places for large scale markets to open their businesses upon sidewalks; these market places sell clothing and miscellaneous goods, and there are other market locations; this is where the street stalls serve food in streets temporarily closed to vehicle traffic.
- 鍋料理の具としては、昨今、葛を原料に用いず、代わりに廉価なジャガイモ澱粉などを原料にして葛切りを模した食材も一般的に使われるようになってきている。
- Recently, foodstuff imitating Kudzukiri, which is made from cheaper materials like potato starch instead of kudzu flour, has become common as an ingredient in pot dishes.
- 院政期になり北面武士・追捕使・押領使・各地の地方武士団が成立すると、質を重視する院は次第に防人軍団の規模を縮小し、大宰府消滅とともに消えていった。
- When Hokumen no Bushi (Northern Guard), Tsuibushi (Pursuit and Apprehension Agents), Oryoshi (Suppression and Control Agent) and regional samurai groups formed during Japan's period of cloistered imperial rule, the cloistered emperors who emphasized the quality of troops gradually reduced the sizes of sakimori legions, and the system eventually vanished along with the Dazaifu.
- 『古事記』によると、顕宗天皇の父(市辺押磐皇子)の仇討ちをすべく、意祁命(後の仁賢天皇)自ら雄略天皇陵の墳丘の一部を小規模ながら破壊した、とある。
- According to the Kojiki, Oke no mikoto (later the Emperor Ninken) himself destroyed a part of the tumulus of the Emperor Yuryaku in order to inflict vengeance for the father of the Emperor Kenzo (Prince Ichihe no Oshihano).
- コーヒーかすの処理については公害が社会問題として表面化する1970年代にはすでに懸念材料となっており、近代に至るまでその有効利用法が模索されている。
- The matter of coffee grounds disposal had already become a concern in the 1970s when environmental pollution became an issue as a social problem and effective usage has been searched for until today.
- つまり模刻を何度も経ている法帖は信用がならないが、風雪にさらされるなどしてもある程度までそのままの姿を留めている碑の方が信頼出来ると考えたのである。
- In other words, hojo, made through repetition of mokoku, was considered unreliable, while monuments were deemed more authentic because they, despite being weathered, remained as they had originally been to some extent.
- 高弟が独立して新たに宗家を名乗り、一流を立てることが多く行われたためであり、全国的な組織を有する流派もある一方で、きわめて小規模の流派も少なくない。
- As many high-ranked disciples became independent, declared themselves to be headmasters and established a school, some have a nation-wide organization and others are very small-scale schools.
- 一般に販売されている木刀は日本刀の形状を模したもので、ひろく流通しているものは土産物屋で見られる通り、反りを打たせてあって断面が扁平な楕円型が多い。
- Bokuto for general sale mimic the shape of nihonto (Japanese swords), and those in wide circulation are often elliptic, curved, and flat in cross section, the same as those for sale in souvenir shops.
- 有明海などにしか大規模に残っていない干潟に生息する魚介類の料理は、過去に岡山県の児島湾などの他の地域でもみられたのにすでに消滅してしまった例もある。
- Tideland fish and shellfish once existed in Kojima Bay, Okayama Prefecture and in other regions of Japan, but now their large-scale habitat exists only in the Sea of Ariake, so they are no longer used in local cuisine.
- ただし、既成財閥に較べて有力な金融機関や持株会社を持たず、新興コンツェルンに較べて技術力や事業の連関性が劣っていたため、いずれも中小規模に留まった。
- However, because the financial institutes and holding companies of these zaibatsu were relatively less effective than those of the existing zaibatsu, and because the technical strength and the linkages of their businesses were inferior to those of the emerging zaibatsu, these zaibatsu remained small or moderate in size.
- 観音寺城は現在、正確な曲輪の数はわからないが1000箇所以上の曲輪があり、その多くが石垣で囲まれた日本国内屈指の大規模な山城であったと見られている。
- Kannonji-jo Castle, which probably was one of the biggest mountain castles in Japan, contains, while not certain, more than a thousand Kuruwa, which are surrounded by stonewalls.
- 黙阿弥は旧作の『網模様燈籠菊桐』(通称「小猿七之助」)の登場人物であるお坊吉三にあと2人の吉三を絡ませ、さらに八百屋お七の狂言をパロディ化している。
- Mokuami had the character Obo Kichisa of his former work of 'Amimoyo toro no kikukiri' (common name 'Kozaru shichinosuke') relate to the two other Kichisa, and parodies the Kyogen (farce played during a No play cycle) of Yaoya Oshichi (greengrocer Oshichi).
- 阿国が評判になると多くの模倣者が現れ、遊女が演じる遊女歌舞伎(女歌舞伎)や、前髪を剃り落としていない少年俳優たちが演じる若衆歌舞伎がおこなわれていた。
- As Okuni became popular, many imitators appeared, including 'Yujo-kabuki' (courtesans' Kabuki, or women's Kabuki), performed by 'yujo' (prostitutes) & 'Wakashu-kabuki' (young men's Kabuki), performed by boy actors who did not undergo genpuku (the coming-of-age ceremony for boys) yet.
- (尤も、陸海軍の大規模な傷病者施設のあった別府温泉や、三朝温泉など一部の温泉では温泉病院が設けられたり近隣の大学と結びつき、営々と研究も行われていた)
- (However, research activities was continuously conducted at Beppu-onsen Hot Spring, where the big-scale facilities for sick and wounded soldiers were operated by Army/Navy, and Misasa-onsen Hot Spring by establishing a hot spring hospital and in cooperation with neighboring universities.)
- だが、東国の風流系の獅子舞はもっと古くからある日本古来の獅子舞であり、獅子頭(ししがしら)も本来はシカやイノシシを模したものであったという説も根強い。
- But another long-lasting theory says that Furyu school of shishimai in eastern Japan originated from ancient Japanese dance, and that the headgear was originally modeled on that of a deer or wild boar.
- このうち貴族や豪族の氏寺はともかく、村々の住民が信仰の中心として建てた小規模な寺まで実際に監督することが可能であったのかについては疑問が残されている。
- Among these, aside from family temples of nobles or local ruling families, whether small temples worshiped by people in villages could be supervised has been questionable.
- また、黄砂のような砂塵の大規模な発生地帯には、中央アジア(黄砂など)、アフリカ(ギブリ・シロッコなど)のほかに、北アメリカ、オーストラリアなどがある。
- The areas where large-scale dust like kosa is produced include northern America and Australia, in addition to central Asia (where kosa and others are generated) and Africa (ghibli, scirocco and others are generated).
- 領主の支出面を見てみると、荘園管理は大きな出費を伴うものであり、小規模な荘園では農奴保有に依存しない傾向があったのも、このためだったと考えられている。
- As for the expense of the lords, the management of shoens cost a lot and that was why the small-scaled shoens were not likely to depend on the ownership of serfs.
- 朝鮮半島でも統一新羅の時代より貴族や寺院による小規模な荘園が形成されていたが、本格化するのは武人政権の成立、モンゴル帝国の侵略が続いた高麗後期である。
- Also in the Korean Peninsula, small scaled shoens were formed by the aristocrats or temples from the unified Silla period, but they became fully in progress during the late Goryeo period when the military government was established and the attacks of the Mongolian Empire continued.
- 最近では国史跡・紫香楽宮跡の北約1kmに位置する宮町遺跡から大規模な建物跡や税納入を示す木簡が大量に出土したことから、ここが宮跡の有力地となっている。
- Recently, a lot of mokkan (narrow strip of wood on which an official message is written) that describe the large remains of structures, or delivery of taxes, were unearthed in the palace town ruins located 1 km to the north from the palace ruins of Shigaraki no miya (ruins designated by the nation), therefore, it was considered as a probable place of the palace ruins.
- 夜、蓮生が読経していると敦盛の霊が現れて平家一門の栄枯盛衰を語り、平家最後の宴を懐かしんで中之舞を舞い、一ノ谷合戦での討ち死にの模様を再現して見せる。
- When Rensho is chanting sutra at night, the ghost of Atsumori appears to tell about the ups and downs of the Taira clan, performs a chu-no-mai dance with nostalgia for the final feast of the Taira clan, and reproduces the scene of his own death in the Battle of Ichinotani.
- 一般的に折り紙と同様の呼ばれ方をする場合も多いが、現代では特に洋紙で作られている正方形の模様が入った紙を折り紙、和紙で作られているものを千代紙と呼ぶ。
- Generally, it is often called in the same way as origami but, today, those square sheets of paper made of western paper with patterns are called 'origami' and those made of Japanese paper are called 'chiyogami.'
- 公共図書館が入った北近畿の都センター建設や福知山市が進める福知山駅北大規模街区による商業施設にコーナン福知山駅前店(店舗面積約9000平方㍍)がある。
- There are buildings to be constructed such as the Kita-kinki no miyako center with a public library and the store of Home Center Kohnan (Kohnan Shoji Co., Ltd) in front of Fukuchiyama Station (with a store area of 9,000 square meters) in a commercial construction zone at a large-scale block on the north side of Fukuchiyama Station, which is being developed by Fukuchiyama City.
- 1333年新田義貞が鎌倉幕府を討つ為に武蔵国に入り分倍河原の戦い (鎌倉時代)で鎌倉北条軍に敗れた後、松田一族は相模国の同志軍と共に新田義貞軍に参陣。
- After Yoshisada NITTA entered Musashi Province to defeat the Kamakura Shogunate, and was crushed by the Kamakura Hojo Army at the Bubaigawara War, the Matsuda family joined the army of Yoshisada NITTA along with the partisan army of Sagami Province.
- 中でも陶器で作られたものが古くから一般的であり、ブタを模った「蚊遣豚(かやりぶた)」がその代表的な形状の一つで、三重県四日市市の萬古焼のものなどがある。
- Among various kayariki, a ceramic kayariki is the most common, 'kayaributa' (a mosquito repellent stick holder in the shape of a pig) is one of well-known designs including Banko-yaki (Banko ceramic ware) in Yokkaichi-juku Station (Yokkaichi City, Mie Prefecture).
- 戦後の農業革新の過程で、戦前~戦時の遺産(畑地や醸造技術など)を生かして、生産に適した地域ではある程度の規模をもったワイン醸造が民生用として再開された。
- In the course of the agricultural innovation after the war, taking advantage of pre-war and wartime heritage (such as the fields and fermentation technique), the winemaking on a certain scale was resumed for consumer use in the regions suitable for grape-growing.
- しかし江戸時代後期、灘五郷において水車を使う大規模で高度な精米技術が生まれ、そのため灘は産する酒の質においても先発であった伊丹や池田を凌駕するに至った。
- However in the late Edo period, a high-grade rice polishing technique was devised in Nada-Gogo, which enabled large-scale polishing with a waterwheel, and the technique pushed Nada above Itami and Ikeda (the advanced sake producing districts) in terms of sake quality.
- だんだん簡略化され、餅の中に食品を包んだもの(宮中雑煮とよばれた)を、公家に配るようになり、さらには鮎はごぼうに、雑煮は餅と味噌餡を模したものとなった。
- However, over time the ingredients were gradually simplified to foods that could be wrapped in stick rice (mochi) cake (so called imperial new year soup of vegetables and sticky rice cakes) which was distributed to the nobility and in particular, burdock root was used instead of sweetfish and, the soup took the place of sticky rice cake and miso paste.
- その一方、室町時代中期以後には高利・日歩による利息で小規模資本で営業を行った日銭屋(ひぜにや)と呼ばれる金融業者が登場して土倉の営業分野を侵食し始めた。
- On the other hand, after the mid-Muromachi period, money brokers called hizeniya, who loaned money at a high daily interest on a small scale, began to encroach on doso's business.
- その結果三浦居留地は廃止され、通交も大幅な制限を受けることになり、宗氏は偽使の派遣や通交権の対馬集中といった活路を模索することになる(乱の顛末節参照)。
- Consequently, the settlement in Sanpo was closed and the trade was largely restricted, which made the So clan have to seek other possibilities such as the dispatch of gishi (envoys under false names who were sent to Korea in order to evade trading restrictions imposed by Korea) and the concentration of trading rights in Tsushima in order to survive (see the section of the Aftermath of the war).
- 1406年に帰国した第二次遣明船は6~7隻と記録が残っており、1410に足利義持が中止するまでの初期6回の遣明船の船団規模は同程度であったと推定される。
- As the record exists that the number of ships of the second Kenminsen fleet returned to Japan in 1406 was six to seven, it is presumed that the scale of six Kenminsen fleets which visited Ming until Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA ceased dispatching them in 1410 was within the same range.
- こうした大規模な土木工事が可能になったということは、技術の発達とともに、多くの労働力を使えるだけの権力をもち、広範囲に支配を広げた王権の成立を意味する。
- The fact that such large-scale public works were possible implies the development of work skills and the establishment of the royal authority which not only had the power to mobilize a large workforce but also the control over a wide-ranging area.
- 治承・寿永の乱(じしょう・じゅえいのらん)は、平安時代末期の治承4年(1180年)から元暦2年(1185年)にかけての6年間にわたる大規模な内乱である。
- The Jisho/Juei Rebellion was a large-scale internal rebellion that lasted for 6 years from 1180 to 1185 during the later Heian Period.
- 安土桃山時代に入ると織田信長や豊臣秀吉が当地に拠点を築いて経済改革を行い、また、大規模な手伝普請と城下町形成を行うことで人口の集住と経済発展が見られた。
- In the Azuchi-Momoyama period, Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI built their bases here and carried out economic reforms, and in addition, a concentration of population and economic development were seen by conducting a large-scale engineering works for the shogun (tetsudai bushin) and by forming castle towns.
- 1990年代に夏目房之介が、漫画のコマや描線と「漫符」と名付けられた漫画特有の記号的表現に注目して分析する独自の分析手法を開拓し、漫画学の模索が始まった。
- Fusanosuke NATSUME developed a unique method of comic analysis which focuses on comic's frame and line and comic-specific symbolic expression called 'manpu' in the 1990s, which was the beginning of a quest for manga studies.
- 1633年から徳川幕府が倒れるまで続いたこの行事は、途中、徳川吉宗の倹約令が出るまで行列の規模はふくれあがり、一時は数百人から数千人の規模になったという。
- This event that lasted from 1633 on up to the Tokugawa shogunate's collapse, continued to grow in scale until Yoshimune TOKUGAWA called for the thrift ordinance; at one point, it is said that the procession was of a size consisting of several hundred to several thousand people.
- また胡弓の技法として、雅楽器である笙の和音を模し、また松風を描写している部分があるが、この手法は後世も雅楽の雰囲気を出すためしばしば使われるようになった。
- There is a part of kokyu resembling chords of sho that is an instrument for the traditional Japanese music and describing the winds through pines with a technique of kokyu, which got to be used often in later times to show an atmosphere of the traditional Japanese music.
- 考証学の基本姿勢は「実証的にものごとを分析すること」であり、そういう態度からすれば過去の模刻の姿勢はあまりにいい加減なものであり、批判すべき対象であった。
- The study of old documents was based on the 'empirical analysis approach,' and seen from this perspective, past approaches to mokoku were too irresponsible to avoid criticism.
- 日本のキリスト教団体の多くは、ヨーロッパ・アメリカ合衆国・韓国に比して小規模で(特にプロテスタント教会)、信徒数の多い教派の第一位はカトリック教会である。
- Many Christian groups (Protestant churches in particular) in Japan are smaller in scale when compared to those in Europe, the United States, and South Korea, while the Catholic Church has the largest number of members.
- また第二次世界大戦末期に日本全土が大規模な空襲に見舞われたが、これへの対処策として2枚の座布団を組み合わせた防空頭巾で頭部や肩を落下物の衝突から保護した。
- In addition, towards the end of World War II, Japan was subject to large scale air raids nationwide and one protective measure taken was to use two zabuton together make an 'air raid hood' to protect the head and neck from falling objects
- 相模国の武士の代表として見られていた鎌倉景政(景政)、三浦の平太郎為次にしても、おそらくは親の代からの京武者コネクションによる参加と見てもおかしくはない。
- Kagemasa KAMAKURA (Kagemasa) and Heitaro-tametsugu of Miura viewed as the representatives of the Sagami Province may have participated due to the connection they had with samurai in Kyoto from their parents' generation.
- 律令法は形式、内容ともに主として唐の律令を模範とした法制であって、この時代の東洋で一種の世界法の役割を果たした唐の律令の日本における分枝とみるべきである。
- Ritsuryo law was a legal system modeled mainly upon the Tang ritsuryo in both style and content, and should be seen as a Japan branch of the Tang ritsuryo, which served as world law in the East, at that time.
- しかしながら東洋の再評価の立場や独自のアイデンティティを模索することは次第に「西洋は行き詰まり東洋こそが中心たるべき」との大東亜思想に近づくこととなった。
- However, the position to reevaluate the East and search for it's own identity gradually approached the Great East Asian idea, 'the West is a dead-end and the East should be the center.'
- これらの製塩施設は大規模で、周辺住民が日々に使用する塩を作るためというより、時の権力による強制力により労働力が集められて、製塩が行われたと考えられている。
- These salt manufacturing facilities were large scale, but it was considered that authority, at the time, gathered manpower by using coercion to manufacture salt rather than for residents' daily use.
- 3棟からなる御所と巨椋池を望む庭園、御堂を取り合わせた大規模なものであったが、白河上皇の生存中には完成出来ず、ここを継承した孫の鳥羽上皇の時代に完成した。
- It was a large villa comprised of three buildings of gosho (Imperial Palace), a garden overlooking the Ogura-ike Pond, and mi-do Hall (enshrinement hall), but it was not completed during the lifetime of the Retired Emperor Shirakawa, and it was completed during the period of his grandson, the Retired Emperor Toba, who inherited the villa.
- このため、桶売りに完全に頼っていた地方の零細蔵は相次いで倒産し、なんとか自立のきっかけをつかんだ蔵も地酒としての生き残り方を真剣に模索せざるをえなくなった。
- For this reason, the local small sake breweries who depended on okeuri completely went bankrupt one after another, and the sake breweries which could scarcely survive had to seek a way to survive by jizake seriously.
- 名前の由来は伊勢物語の九段「かきつばた」の舞台となった「三河国八ツ橋」の故事にあるという説と、八橋検校の名にちなんで箏の形を模したことに由来する説とがある。
- There are 2 different explanations as to where the name Yatsuhashi came from with one being 'Yatsuhashi in Mikawa Province,' where the story was set in the ninth chapter of the Tale of Ise 'Kakitsubata (water irises)' and with the other being it was made into the shape of a koto after Kengyo Yatsuhashi.
- (歴史、規模、出入りする顧客の種類、全国料理屋への影響力、知名度、格式、美術品の所有状況、建物、エピソード、などからこの三店が日本の主要とされる向きが強い)
- (From the judgment criteria of history, scale, customer's types, influence on other restaurants nationwide, reputation, style, ownership of artwork, building, and other episodes, these three restaurants are said to be the top three ryotei in Japan.)
- しかし天保を迎える頃には、もはや三味線の技巧開拓も行き着く所まで行き着き、「手事」も追求され尽くして、盲人音楽家たちは新たな作曲の展開を様々に模索していた。
- However, by the beginning of Tempo era (1830), the development of shamisen technique had been accomplished and 'tegoto' had also been thoroughly sought, where the blind musicians sought a new development of composition in various ways.
- 一つの布の面に世界の染色の中でも類を見ないほどの多彩な色彩を使い、「友禅模様」と呼ばれる曲線的で簡略化された動植物、器物、風景などの文様を描き出すのが特徴。
- Yuzen is characterized by drawing patterns of rounded and simplified animals, plants, utensils, and landscapes, which are called 'yuzen pattern,' using as many colors on a single plane of a cloth as never seen in any dyeing techniques in the world.
- 更には本陣備のみならずその他の備も視野に収めたより大規模な小荷駄も含まれている(図3では省略しているが家康本陣備には陣場奉行・小屋営作奉行などが存在する)。
- Moreover, it also included large-scale provisions transporters which oversaw other sonae in addition to the army headquarters sonae (it is omitted in Figure 3, but there exist a jinbabugyo (camp commissioner) and a commissioner managing the temporary quarters construction in Ieyasu's army headquarters sonae).
- これを契機に北面武士の規模は急激に膨張し、元永元年(1118年)延暦寺の強訴を防ぐため賀茂河原に派遣された部隊だけで「千余人」に達したという(『中右記』)。
- From this point onwards, the number of Hokumen no Bushi grew quickly and it was said that the number of troops sent to defend the Kamo Kawara from the monks of Enryaku-ji Temple in 1118 numbered 'around 1,000 or so' ('Chuyuki' (Diary of a court official)).
- やがて、両者の対立は全国の大名の兵力(享徳の乱の最中の関東を除く)を政治の中心地である京都に結集して遂に大規模な軍事衝突を引き起こしたこれが応仁の乱である。
- Eventually, the conflict between each side led to all the daimyo in the country (except for daimyo from the Kanto during the Kyotoku Rebellion) concentrating their military forces in Kyoto, the governmental capital, until at last, with these large-scale armies in such proximity, armed conflict was inevitable, and the Onin War began.
- 短期間のうちにほぼ独力で近代国家を整備し、西欧列強に比肩する国家を築き上げたことは諸外国からは奇跡と見られ、とくにアジア諸国にとって近代革命の模範となった。
- People in foreign countries thought it a miracle that Japan organized a modern state mostly on their own in such a short period and built a country which had almost the same power as any Western European country, and it served as a model for the modern revolution especially for other Asian countries.
- 三成は大規模な改修工事を行い、山頂に五層(三層説あり)の天守が高くそびえたつほどの城を築き、「三成に過ぎたるもの二つあり、島左近と佐和山の城」と言わしめた。
- Mitsunari launched a large-scale repair project, constructing a towering castle with a five-storey (others claim it was a three-storey) central donjon on the mountain's summit, which lead to the saying 'Mitsunari outdid himself about two things, Sakon SHIMA and Sawayama-jo Castle.'
- 簡体字が視覚的に美しくないということで繁体字での書道教育も模索された時期があるものの、政策としての簡体字推進に矛盾することから現在は簡体字の指導で統一される。
- There was a time when Shodo education by traditional Chinese was sought due to lack of visual beauty in simplified Chinese, but now the standard is to instruct the simplified characters because the traditional is not consistent with the political measures for promoting simplified Chinese.
- 後に光孝天皇が相撲を奨励するなど再興の動きも見られたが、平安時代中期以後は相撲召合と呼ばれて規模が縮小されるようになり、近衛府が事実上の主催するようになった。
- Afterwards, Emperor Koko promoted sumo which lead to a revival, but from the middle of the Heian period, the events were called sumo 'Meshiawase' (invitation) events that were smaller in scale and in fact organized by the imperial guards.
- 本来でんぷん質(米製)の防染剤を用いる手書きの染色を友禅と呼ぶが、現在は型染めや友禅を模した模様をプリントしたものも友禅と言う名称で販売されていることが多い。
- A hand-drawn dyeing using a resisting agent made from starch (rice) was originally called yuzen, but now clothes dyed with models or printed with a pattern modeling yuzen are often sold under the name of yuzen.
- ただ、当時の基本資料である園太暦には「信濃での戦乱」に関する記述があり、この時期に「都にまで伝わるぐらいの規模の戦い(または戦乱)」があった事は確実とされる。
- The only description of 'the battle of Shinano' is found in the Entairyaku (the Diary of Kinkata TOIN) from the basic materials from those days, it is said it is certain there was 'a large scale battle and the story was passed to the city.'
- 京都全体を戦乱に巻き込んだ応仁の乱の影響で、日本の宮廷文化は混乱するが、このとき位階以上の貴族の冠に用いる有文羅(うもんら/模様を織り出した羅)の技法が散逸。
- As the Onin War dragged the whole Kyoto into the war, Japanese Court culture became disordered, and they lost the technique of umonra (ra woven in a pattern), which was used for Court caps for the nobilities whose ranks were the Fifth Rank or higher.
- だるま(達磨)は、仏教の1派である禅宗開祖の達磨の坐禅姿を模した置物、または玩具であり、現在では禅宗のみならず宗教、宗派を越え縁起物として広く親しまれている。
- A daruma is a doll or toy representing the sitting figure of Bodhidharma, the founder of the Zen, a sect of Buddhism, who is practicing Zen meditation; at the present time, it is widely popular as a lucky charm not only in the Zen sect, but also in different religious sects, across religions.
- また今までの権限を強化するとともに、特定非営利活動法人(NPO法人)の認証や大規模小売店舗の届出確認など府から新たな権限を委譲するなど機能強化が図られている。
- In addition to retaining the former administrative power, the new bureaus had their functions strengthened: for example the right to certify non-profit organizations (NPO corporations) and those to check large-scale retail stores were transferred from the prefectural government to these bureaus.
- 手間はかかるが非常に繊細な模様を織ることができるのが特徴で、国宝「源氏物語絵巻」や豊臣秀吉「鳥獣文様陣羽織」の綴織での複製などのプロジェクトが現在進行中である。
- Although it is time-consuming work, this weaving can produce very elaborate patterns, and a project to reproduce the national treasure 'Genji Monogatari Emaki' (Illustrated Tale of Genji) and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's 'Jinbaori (surcoat worn over armor) using a pattern of birds and beasts' in tsuzure ori weaving is under way.
- 下地の層を抄紙機で漉く分、純手漉きに比べると価格は安くなるが、漉き込み模様は手漉きのために柔らかな表現ができ、伝統的なさまざまの技法を用いた多彩な表現ができる。
- The price is cheaper than pure handmade paper because the foundation layer is made with a shoshi-ki machine, and the patterns laminated on top become gentle and have variety because they are handmade using various traditional techniques.
- なお、ルイ・ヴィトンのダミエキャンバスやモノグラム・キャンバスも当時のゴシック趣味、アールヌーヴォーの影響のほか、市松模様や家紋の影響もかかわっているとされる。
- A theory suggests that Damier Canvas and Monogram Canvas patterns by Louis Vuitton were influenced not only by contemporary Gothic taste and Art Nouveau but also by Japanese checkered patterns and family crests.
- 田堵負名層とは決して零細な農民などではなく、隷属民を多数抱え、莫大な富を蓄積して農業など諸産業を大規模に経営し、多数の私兵すら擁していた富豪百姓だったのである。
- Far from being poor, the tato fumyo were indeed wealthy peasants who kept many servants, managed large scale businesses such as agriculture, and owned even many private warriors while accumulating immense wealth.
- 安定な状態を、確実なものにしようと、荘園の寄進を行うが、その段階で、自分の直接支配地だけでなく、郷の単位ぐらいに、周辺の公領も切り取って規模を拡大して立荘する。
- A donation of shoen was made to secure its stable state, and on this occasion, the area of the shoen was defined by inclusion of not only their regions of direct influence but also nearby public land cut off by about a village unit to increase the area.
- 同法は墾田の永年私有を認めるものだったため、資本を持つ中央貴族・大寺社・地方の富豪(かつての豪族層)は活発に開墾を行い、大規模な土地私有が出現することとなった。
- As the law admitted a permanent ownership of cultivated lands, central aristocrats, large temples and shrines and local rich men (formerly the class of gozoku), who had capital, actively cultivated lands and then a large scale private ownership of land appeared.
- しかし、工事の最中に発見された小さな古墳が公にされないまま破壊されている可能性があるほか、2005年には古江古墳が破壊されるなど、小規模の古墳の破壊は今もある。
- However, there have been some cases of minor destruction of kofun such as the incident in which Hurue Kofun was destroyed in 2005, and here is also the possibility that minor kofun are secretly destroyed during construction.
- すでに弥生時代から西日本を中心に墳丘墓が営まれていたが、3世紀後半頃から大和盆地を中心に前方後円墳と称される日本独特の形式の大規模な墳墓が営まれるようになった。
- Burial mounds had already been constructed in the Yayoi period mainly in Western Japan, and from around the later third century, what is called zenpo-koen-fun -- a large-scale tomb peculiar to Japan -- began to be constructed mainly in the Yamato Basin.
- 無限に連鎖する平和や円満を意味する輪の交叉から成る文様のため、「世界中の財宝」と、「無限の子孫繁栄」を表す吉祥文様として家紋・屏風の裏紙の模様などに用いられた。
- Because shippo tsunagi is a pattern of repeating motifs of many intersecting circles that symbolizes endless peace and happiness, it was used as a design of auspicious omen representing 'treasures from all over the world' and 'infinite fertility and family prosperity,' and it was used in family crests as well as on backing paper of byobu (folding screens).
- 1950年の名勝再指定時に月瀬梅林として登録された梅林の規模は旧月ヶ瀬村全体で 畑573筆、約10町3反8畝(約104平方キロメートル)、梅樹3108本である。
- As of 1950 when the Bairin was re-designated as a place of scenic beauty, the surface area of Tsukigase Bairin was registered as about 104 square kilometers with 3,108 plum trees in the entire former Tsukigase Village.
- 江戸時代になると備後国を領有した福島正則によって鞆要害を中心に市街地を取り囲む大規模な城郭「鞆城」の築城が始まるが、これが徳川家康の逆鱗に触れ工事は中止された。
- In the Edo period, Masanori FUKUSHIMA who ruled Bingo Province inaugurated a large scale construction of 'the Tomo-jo Castle' by enclosing with the walls the whole town of Tomo with the Tomo-yogai Fortress as the center, but the construction incurred Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's wrath and was thereby cancelled.
- かつては個人商店や小規模な食品スーパーと、国道1号線沿線にガソリンスタンド・中古車販売店がいくつかあるくらいで、商業面が弱く、宇治市や京都市に多く依存していた。
- Commerce used to be weak due to the existence of only noncorporate stores, small-scale food supermarket, gas stations and used car dealerships along National Route 1, and used to rely heavily on Uji City and Kyoto City.
- また、兜の前頭部に位置する前立(まえだて)にイセエビを模したものがあるように、イセエビが太く長い触角を振り立てる様や姿形が鎧をまとった勇猛果敢な武士を連想させる。
- Also, as some of the kabuto (helmet) wear decoration likened to Ise ebi's long antennae in front of them, the appearance of Ise ebi with their thick and long antenna sticking out suggests brave samurai.
- 模刻が発生したのは唐代後期のことであり、五代十国の文化王朝として知られる南唐ではこの手法を用いて『集帖昇元帖』や『集帖澄清堂帖』という集帖を作ったと言われている。
- The mokoku was developed in the late Tang Dynasty, and Southern Tang which was known as a cultured dynasty in the Wudai Shiguo period is said to have used this method to compile shujo (anthology of hojo) named 'Shujo Shogen-jo' and 'Shujo Choseido-jo.'
- のちには大名庭園においても一部用いられたが戦前には西洋から導入された抽象美学・芸術が日本の土着の抽象芸術を模索する姿勢をつくりだし、その視点から注目されていった。
- Later, this was partially used in gardens of feudal lords (daimyos), however, abstraction aesthetics and art introduced from the West during the prewar days produced a posture that gropes for the abstract native art of Japan, and attention was focused from this perspective.
- (野丁場ともいう、造成地や埋立地など町の形成される前の場所や町という単位からはずれる、または超える規模の仕事の場所、検地(野帳簿ない)の出来ていない土地をさす。)
- (The term nochoba [also written as '野丁場'] means the areas where the future towns will be built, such as developed lands or reclaimed lands, or the work sites where its size cannot be categorized or over-categorized as a town, or the properties not registered based on land survey (or without registration).)
- 江戸中期になると売茶翁により、それまで中国文化の模倣の域を出なかった煎茶趣味の世界に独自の方向が示され、さらに煎茶は江戸や京都・大坂を中心に上流階級に広く普及した。
- During the middle of the Edo period, the world of sencha shumi which, at first, had not progressed beyond mimicking Chinese culture, began to show its own style led by Baisao, and it spread widely to the upper class mainly in Edo, Kyoto, and Osaka.
- 今川焼きを元に、種々の動物などを模した形に焼いた菓子が生まれ、その中で縁起が良く庶民がなかなか食べられない鯛の形をしたものが特に優勢になり現在に至ったとされている。
- Various animal shaped imagawa-yaki cakes were created and sea bream shaped cakes became particularly popular because sea bream were considered lucky fish and was too expensive for ordinary people.
- 昭和時代初期には、無尽会社による無尽は更に発展していき、銀行に相当するほどの規模を持つものまで存在すようになっていき、日本の経済を担う金融機関の一つとなっていった。
- In the early Showa period, Mujin by Mujin companies further developed and some of them became quite large equivalent to banks, and consequently became one of the financial institutions to bear the Japanese economy.
- 実際に、本作が西欧に初めて紹介されると、これに感化されたフランスの作曲家ジャーコモ・マイアーベーアは『盲目の皇帝』というオペラを作ることを模索したという逸話がある。
- In fact, the story is that when this play was first introduced to the West, a French composer Giacomo Meyerbeer tried to compose an opera called 'The Blind Emperor.'
- 巨椋池(おぐらいけ)は、京都府の南部、現在の京都市伏見区、宇治市、久御山町にまたがる場所に、かつて存在した池である(規模からいえば池よりも「湖」の方がふさわしい)。
- Ogura-ike Pond used to exist in the southern part of Kyoto Prefecture, being encompassed by the present Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, Uji City and Kumiyama-cho (although, considering its size, it would have been more appropriate to call it a lake).
- 幕末新式銃渡来直前に海外事情も考慮してパーカッション式の銃器すら模造、試作されたものの他には、実用の可能性を想定していたものかどうかは何とも評しようがないものが多い。
- Just before the introduction of new-style guns during the end of Edo period, considering foreign situations, even the guns of percussion lock mechanism were imitated and experimentally produced, but there were many guns which, we do not know how to comment about, that could not possibly be in any practical use.
- 男性がこの舞を舞うときは伝説に則して竜頭を模した仮面を用いるが、女性や子供が舞う場合は優しい顔立ちであった高長恭になぞらえてか化粧を施しただけの素顔で舞うこともある。
- When a male dances Ranryo-o, he wears a dragonhead shaped mask in accordance with the legend, but when a female or a child dances the number, he or she only wears makeup without a mask possibly because of imitating the graceful feature of Changgong GAO.
- 全国統一の同門組織として社団法人淡交会を結成し、また家元を財団法人化するなど、裏千家茶道の組織化も引き続き行われ、流派別の茶道人口としては最大規模を誇るようになった。
- He continued his efforts to systemize organization of Urasenke's tea ceremony by setting up a national organization of fellow members, named Tanko-kai, and also by obtaining corporate status for the head of the school and his family, so Urasenke is now proud of being the largest scale school among many tea ceremony schools.
- これは、醤油価格が低迷している上、大手メーカーの地方進出に加え、副製産物の廃棄コストや設備の維持費高騰のため、地方の零細・小規模メーカーが廃業を続けているためである。
- In the context of this, the price of soy-sauce is low and unstable, big manufacturers entered the markets in local regions, and the disposal cost of subsidiary products, and maintenance fee soared; small and tiny companies in the local regions have been closing their business.
- 天平6年(734年)2月には平城京朱雀門で、宝亀元年(770年)3月には河内由義宮で歌垣が開催され、それぞれ貴族・帰化氏族が二百数十名参加する大規模なショーであった。
- Utagaki festivals were held in large scale in March, 734, at Suzaku-mon Gate in the then capital city Heijo and in April, 770, at Kawachi-Yugeno-miya Palace, each of which was attended by two hundred and several tens of nobles and naturalized clans.
- (駅弁業者が出自であっても、その後大規模な食品会社に発展したところでは、その地域のコンビニ弁当やお惣菜商品の調理を一手に引き受けるているところも少なからず存在する)。
- (Not a few companies that have developed into large-scaled food companies, even if their origin was in the Ekiben delicatessen, undertake the cooking of the convenience store box lunches or side dishes sold in the areas.)
- 同時期に仙北郡で極めて大規模な城柵として使わたのにも関わらず、記録が全く残っていない払田柵跡にあった施設で中央から監視しに来た人を接待したのではないかとする説もある。
- Another theory maintains that there has been no record of facilities at the site of the Hotta no saku (fort in Hotta), though they had constructed an extremely large fort, because officials sent from the central government to monitor the region were entertained in those facilities.
- そのため西洋画の技法研究も、蘭学者である平賀源内が外国人からの直接の指導を受けることなく、書物の挿画の模写などを通して独学で行っており、余技の域を出ないものであった。
- The techniques of Western paintings were studied by Gennai HIRAGA, a scholar of Dutch studies, by copying the illustrations in books, and since he painted in his own way without any direct guidance from Westerners, his study of the art was no better than painting as a hobby.
- 現代に入っても、大規模な圃場整備やコンクリートの用水路などを選ばず、親水性の小川や遊歩道的な農道を設けることにより、田染荘の景観を維持・保存する努力が続けられている。
- Even in the modern era, large scale farmland consolidation and concrete irrigation canals were not implemented, and efforts to maintain and preserve the landscape of Tashibu Manor continue.
- 同じ長良川で行なわれる長良川鵜飼と比べて小規模であることは否めないが、観光化が著しい長良川鵜飼と比べて昔からの漁法としての鵜飼いが色濃く残っており、人気があるという。
- Its scale is no doubt smaller than that of Nagara-gawa ukai, but it is still popular since it has a trace of traditional fishing method of ukai compared with Nagara-gawa ukai that has become the event of tourist attraction.
- 17世紀に入ってヨーロッパで穀物価格が大きく下がると、穀物が重要な輸出品であったポーランドの国内で社会の各階層どうしの利害対立が広まり、ロコシュの規模が大きくなった。
- With a significant decline in crop prices in the 17th century Europe, conflicts of interests disseminated between the social classes in Poland, where crop was a major article of export, followed by rokosz on a larger scale.
- 元弘の変が失敗に終わったあとも、幕府の追及を逃れた後醍醐の皇子護良親王、楠木正成らのゲリラ的抵抗運動は続き、規模的にも地域的にも次第に純然たる叛乱へと拡大していった。
- After the Genko Incident ended in failure, guerilla like resistance continued under Godaigo's son, Imperial Prince Moriyoshi and Masashige KUSUNOKI, and gradually the size and region increased until it was a true insurrection.
- 当初は瀬戸焼を中心にして唐物を模倣して作られていたが(特に「古瀬戸」(ふるせと)と呼ぶ)、江戸時代になると小堀遠州などの指導で日本独自の形式が生み出されるようになった。
- At first most pieces of Kuniyaki chaire were Seto-yaki (Seto ware), made in imitation of karamono (such pieces are specially called 'huru-seto' (old Seto ware)) but during the Edo period Japan's original type of chaire was created under the coaching of Enshu KOBORI.
- しかしながら、鵜飼は決して漁獲効率のよい漁法ではないため、明治維新後に大名等の後援を失った鵜飼は全国から次々と姿を消していき、現在は数えるまでにその規模を縮小している。
- However, Ukai was not necessarily an efficient fishing method so that Ukai, which lost supporters from among the daimyo after the Meiji Restoration, disappeared all over the country one after another, and only a few Ukai presently remain.
- 抄紙機械は、特殊な二層漉き合わせ機械を用い、表面の模様絵付けも、高速の輪転印刷機で行い、紙の風合いをつくるために、エンボス機を通して紙に小さな皺紋状の凹凸を付けている。
- The shoshi-ki machine can produce specified double layer-combinations, and the pattern painting of the surface is done by a high-speed rotary press and small concave and convex wrinkle patterns done by an embossing machine in order to make a tasteful style of paper.
- 複数の郡、荘園にまたがる広大な領地を知行する「豪族的領主」は、その下に郡や別府の郷、そして荘園、更にその下の村郷に支配が及び、それぞれの段階が小規模な「武士団」である。
- The 'gozoku-style lord' that owned a great estate that spanned over multiple counties and manors also ruled over counties, villages of beppu, manors and villages under it and each step consisted of small 'bushidan.'
- そのうちの1人である源頼朝は、6月末頃から河内源氏累代の家人とされる相模・伊豆・武蔵の武士団への呼びかけを始めて、8月17日には、伊豆在住の山木兼隆を襲撃して殺害する。
- One of them, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, from near the end of June started to call to bushi groups in Sagami, Izu and Musashi that were traditionally vassals of the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), and attacked and killed Kanetaka YAMAKI, who lived in Izu, on August 17.
- さらにこのような大規模な企画を経て、同年十一月にはついに藤原定家、藤原有家、源通具、藤原家隆、藤原雅経、寂蓮の六人に勅撰集の命を下し、『新古今和歌集』撰進がはじまった。
- Furthermore, in November of that year, after the great poetry event, six poets, FUJIWARA no Sadaie (Teika), FUJIWARA no Ariie, MINAMOTO no Michitomo, FUJIWARA no Ietaka, FUJIWARA no Masatsune, and Jakuren were tasked with organizing an anthology (collection) of poems by imperial command; this was the start of making 'Shin-Kokin Wakashu (New Collection of Ancient and Modem Times)' for the Imperial Court.
- 日本酒は、昔ながらの正統な味や質の継承と復活も去ることながら、輸出の伸張と国内消費を回復をめざして、2010年2月21日現在、次のような方向で多様な模索が続けられている。
- As of February 21, 2010, not only for the succession and revival of traditional orthodox tastes and quality but also for the extension of export and restoring of domestic consumption, various ways have been continuously sought in the following directions.
- 北野大茶湯(きたのおおちゃのゆ)とは、天正15年10月1日 (旧暦)(グレゴリオ暦1587年11月1日)に京都北野天満宮境内において豊臣秀吉が主催した大規模な茶会のこと。
- The Kitano Grand Tea Ceremony on November 1, 1587 organized by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI on the grounds of Kitano Tenmangu Shrine is a large scale tea ceremony.
- 宇陀紙は、吉野ので漉かれた杉原紙(中世の武士社会に最も流通した中葉の楮紙で、本家播磨の杉原紙を各地で模造した)を源としており、江戸でも多く流通し江戸からかみに用いられた。
- Uda-gami originates from the Sugihara-gami (Sugihara paper) (a moderately thin kozo paper which was distributed mostly in the samurai society in medieval times and imitated the Sugihara-gami of the originator in the Harima Province), and was distributed greatly in Edo and used for Edo karakami.
- 上新粉(米粉)、砂糖、ニッキ(肉桂・シナモン)の粉末を混ぜて生地を作り、薄く焼き上げたせんべいの一種で、形は箏を模しており、長軸方向が凸になった湾曲した長方形をしている。
- Yatsuhashi is a kind of thin rice cracker that is made by baking the dough consisting of joshinko (komeko) (high-quality non-glutinous rice powder), sugar and cinnamon powder that has been rolled out thin and cut into the shape of koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings), which is a rectangle convexly curved symmetrically to the longer axis.
- 元々は琉球固有の植物や中国風の模様が主流だったが、本土向けの輸出が進むにつれて友禅染の文様を取り入れた紅型が増えていき、友禅も紅型に使われる鮮やかな色彩を取り入れていく。
- Originally, patterns of Ryukyuan native plants and Chinese patterns were mainly used, but bingata taking in the yuzen patterns increased as the export to the mainland increased, and yuzen also took in the vivid colors used in bingata.
- このため規模こそ日本国内で屈指のものであるが、防備のための城というよりも、権威づけ、政治色の強い城ではあったため、単純な虎口、竪堀などはなく防御施設は貧弱と言われている。
- Consequently, although it was one of the largest castles in Japan, it is said that it did not have simple Koguchi (castle entrances) or Tatebori (moats parallel to mountain slopes), and there were not enough defense facilities, because the castle was built for politics and to show their power rather than to defend against the attacks of enemies.
- ロドリゴ・デ・ビベロによって1609年ごろに15万人と伝えられた江戸の人口は、18世紀初頭には100万人を超え、世界一ないしはそれに匹敵する規模であったと推定されている。
- The population of Edo, which was reported by Rodrigo de Viveroto be around one-hundred-fifty-thousand in 1609, exceeded the one million mark at the turn of the eighteenth century--prompting many to presume that Edo had become one of the biggest if not the biggest city in the world.
- このような書道史上の価値もさることながら、一般民衆の手になる素朴な書風が書蹟として愛好されるようになり、現在では書作品として臨書されたり書風を模倣されたりすることも多い。
- In addition to its value in calligraphy history, its simple calligraphic style created by common people became popular as penmanship and now people often copy it as the work of calligraphy or imitate its calligraphic style.
- 柄や鞘には金銅製の筒金や、模様を打ち出した金銅または銀の薄板、金線や銀線などが多様され、出土品でありながら今尚その輝きを残していて、制作当時のきらびやかな様を想像させる。
- The hilts and scabbards fitted with abundant decorations including gilt-bronze rings, embossed gilt bronze/silver sheets, and gold and silver lines still remained their glitter despite their artifact nature, conveying luxurious atmosphere at the time they were created.
- その後、饅頭は川に投げ入れるのももったいないので祭壇で祭った後、食べられる様になったため、饅頭は当初は頭の形を模して大きかったものが、段々小さくなっていったと言われている。
- Afterward, the mantou was eaten after enshrined at the altar because throwing it into a river was wasteful, and therefore a big mantou imitating a human head got smaller and smaller.
- 例えば、鎮守府将軍を歴任した平良文(たいらのよしふみ)という人物は、相模の村岡に所領=名田を経営しており、兄弟で5番目だったことから村岡五郎(むらおかのごろう)と自称した。
- For instance, a man named TAIRA no Yoshifumi, who had a career as a chinjufu-shogun (general of the northern pacification command), called himself MURAOKA no Goro because he had his territory, or his myoden, in Muraoka, Sagami Province and he was the fifth eldest brother (Goro literally means a fifth boy).
- この450万円という額は明治43年度から昭和22年度まで完全に固定され、その後の財政規模の拡大にともなう差額は山林・有価証券・農地などの皇室独自の財源からまかなわれていた。
- This amount, four million five hundred thousand, was set for expenditures from 1910 to 1947, the difference due to the expansion of the financial scale afterwards was managed out of individual Imperial financial assets such as Mountains and forests, securities, and agricultural land.
- このように祭祀の形式にあわせて、楼門と回廊と幣殿が建てられたが、これらを持つに至らない小規模な神社は、やがてその機能を圧縮して、ひとつの社殿にその機能を備えさせることにした。
- As we have seen, the original forms of ceremonies were developed into the structures of romon, corridor, and heiden; on the other hand, a small size shrine, which was not big enough to have all the sections, subsequently consolidated all the features into a single pavillion.
- この木戸五箇条が天下に布告すべき日本の国是として明治天皇の裁可を受け、1868年(慶応4年)3月14日、朝廷の規模の大きさを天下に確定させんとする木戸の狙い通り、誓約された。
- This Kido gokajo (Five Articles designed by Kido) was approved by the Emperor Meiji as Japanese national policy to be declared to the world and was pledged on March 14, 1868 just as Kido targeted to ensure the large scale of Imperial court to the world.
- 後の律令制の下での食封の規模をあてはめれば、湯沐邑は安八磨郡の一部ではなく、郡全体にあたるのではないかと考えられ、その郡の範囲は後の池田郡を含み、さらに広かった可能性もある。
- Taking into account a scale of Jikifu (a vassal household allotted to courtier, shrines and temples) under the later Ritsuryo system, Tomokuyu at that time seems to have not been a part of Ahachimanokoori but a whole district, and range of the district included later Ikeda District, possibly wider.
- 明治時代に入る頃まで月ヶ瀬村は烏梅(若い梅の実の燻製。ベニバナ染料に必要な材料。)の一大生産地であり、月ヶ瀬梅林は烏梅の原料となる梅の実を収穫する用途で規模を拡大していった。
- Until early Meiji period, Tsukigase Village had been the major producer of Ubai (a smoked young plum required to produce Safflower dyes), which contributed to the growing size of Tsukigase Bairin to gather more plums for Ubai.
- 昭和4年(1929年)の伏見市成立時には、「東・西」「上・下」に分割されていた町を再統合したり、小規模な町を隣町に編入する等の整理が行われ、町数は20減って168町となった。
- At the time of establishment of Fushimi City in 1929, some towns that had been divided into 'east and west' or 'upper and lower' were reintegrated and some small towns were incorporated into neighboring towns, resulting in the number of 168 towns with the decrease of 20.
- いっぽう造り酒屋は、純粋に酒を造りそれを売っていた所という概念で、規模も必ずしも大きくなく、ときには蔵人が一人で営んでいて、場所も都市の中だけでなく農村部や山間部にも多かった。
- On the other hand, the overall concept of sake brewers was to brew and sell sake and, the scale was most often not large however, at some stage the brewers began to work alone and apart from the centers of large towns, they also became numerous in rural towns and mountain villages.
- また、原料となる酒米を調達する場合においても、大型機械を導入し大規模栽培が行えるような地理的条件に恵まれた地域(国)では、極めて有利な条件で日本酒の醸造を行うことが可能となる。
- In procuring sakamai as raw material, sake can be brewed with very favorable conditions in areas (countries) with favorable geographical conditions that allow large-scale cultivation using large machines.
- 秀吉の没後、能勢氏の伝承によると長年雌伏していた頼次は弟である東寺の僧金剛院 (僧)を介して徳川家康に召し出されたとされ、慶長4年(1599年)に能勢氏を小規模ながら再興する。
- After Hideyoshi died, according to the tradition of the Nose clan, Yoritsugu, who had hidden himself for a long time, is said to have been called by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA through his younger brother Priest Kongo-in at To-ji Temple, and small scale as it was, he revived the Nose clan in 1599.
- こうした施設は平城京などにもあったと考えられているが、平安京の明法道院は本科である明経道院と同規模であったと伝えられ(『大内裏図考証』)、当時の明法道の地位の向上を伝えている。
- It is considered that there were also such facilities in Heijokyo (a previous capital), but Myohoin in Heiankyo was likely the same size as Myogyodoin (written in 'Daidairizu Kosho'), which indicated the position of Myohodo was getting higher at that time.
- 江戸時代の西日本は、藩の規模が小さく、沖積平野も狭いところが多かったため、藩経済の基盤の石高を増やすために山間地にまで田圃がつくられ、現在でいう(急傾斜)棚田が多くつくられた。
- In the Edo period, as many domains in western Japan were small and had narrow alluvial plains, they developed rice fields even in the mountains in order to increase Kokudaka (assessed yield) which was the economic base of the domain, and a large number of rice terraces (on steep slopes), which are called Tanada today, were developed.
- 鑑賞される石は例えば、山景や海上の岩の姿を連想できる、山形石、遠山石、岩潟石、滝石など(後述)や、菊花石や虎石などの模様の珍しい紋石や、形の面白い姿石、色彩の美しい石などである。
- Stones for viewing are as follows: stones reminiscent of mountain rocks or rocks on the sea including Yamagata-ishi, Toyama-ishi, Iwagata-ishi and Taki-ishi (mentioned later); exotic figured stones including Kikuka-seki and Tora-ishi; funny shaped Sugata-ishi; stones of beautiful colors and so on.
- 実際に「大はしあたけの夕立」や「亀戸梅屋舗」を模写したフィンセント・ファン・ゴッホをはじめ、日本的な「ジャポニズム」の代表作として西洋の画家に多大な影響を与えたシリーズでもある。
- As a practical matter, as a representative work of very Japanese 'Japonism,' it is a series that cast a large influence on western painters such as Vincent van Gogh, who replicated 'Great Bridge, Sudden Shower at Atake' and 'The Plum Orchard at Kameido.'
- みたらし団子は、京都市左京区下鴨の加茂みたらし茶屋が発祥で、この店の近所に鎮座する下鴨神社境内にある御手洗池(みたらしのいけ)の水泡を模して、この団子がつくられたといわれている。
- Mitarashi dango were originally made at the Kamo Mitarashi Tea House at Shimogamo, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, and apparently these dumplings were made to look like bubbles in the Mitarashi no ike Pond, which is in the precincts of Shimogamo-jinja Shrine.
- 小荷駄の規模は遠征か防衛か、移動時・戦地における現地調達(収奪、買い上げ)の容易さ、動員兵力の規模、要員として動員される領民の状態など様々な要素を鑑みた結果、決定され編成される。
- The size of konida was decided and organized as a result of weighing various factors such as whether the battle was an expedition or a defense, ease of delivering the goods during transfer as well as at the battleground (either by confiscation or by purchase), size of the mobilized army, condition of the people of the domain mobilized as troop members.
- ただし、こうした現地支配の形態は、関係史料が少ないため明らかでない部分もあるが、平氏支配地に一律で適用されたのではなく、武士による支配を模索する中で現れたに過ぎないとされている。
- However, the details of this system of local governance are not clear because there are few historical documents, and it is considered that it did not happen consistently throughout the area controlled by the Taira clan, but was a transient phenomena while testing ways for bushi to govern.
- 奈良時代初期は、律令に基づいて中央政府による土地・民衆支配が実施されていたが、人口や財政需要の増加に伴い、722年、国家収入を増やすため政府において大規模な開墾計画が策定された。
- During the early Nara period, the land and people were governed by the central government based on the Ritsuryo system, but in 722, with the increase in population and financial demands, a large scale land development program was formulated to increase the national income by the government.
- 金偏が付くことからも分かるように、本来金銀などで製作し、特に公卿は有文と呼ぶ獅子や唐風の草花の模様の彫金を施したものであったが、延暦年間に白玉が許されて白石などを使うようになった。
- As the kanji radical 金 at the left indicates, the ka was originally made of gold or silver, and court nobles had ones with metal carvings of lions and flowers in Chinese style called umon, beginning to use white gemstones in the Enryaku era after their use was permitted.
- また右大臣源融の邸宅河原院の庭園は奥州塩釜の海景や松島の浮島、六条院は丹後の天の橋立の模写などがそれであり、これらは前時代からの自然風景の縮景手法の延長線上に行われたことが伺える。
- And Udaijin (minister of the right) MINAMOTO no Toru's garden at his residence, Kawara-no-in imitated the sea scenery of Shiogama, Mutsu Province and Uki-shima island (one of the islands in Matsushima Bay) of Matsushima (the islands in Matsushima Bay), and Rokujo-in imperial villa imitated Amanohashidate (the sand spit in Miyazu Bay in Tango Province, known as one of the three best scenes in Japan), and all of these are extensions of shukukei (an artificial scene constructed in a garden, which mimicked a famous natural scene) technique from the previous era.
- また、ヨンストン著『動物図譜』などの洋書を模写することによって、従来の東洋画では定型化されていた獅子やヘビ、ウマなどの動物表現についても、陰影をつけて立体感をあらわす方法を学んだ。
- Also, by copying Western books including Jonston's 'Dobutsu Zufu' (Zoological Encyclopedia), he learned techniques of drawing animals such as lions, snakes and horses, which had been a stereotype of Oriental paintings, in three dimensions by using shadow effects.
- 藤原京の頃を頂点として、次第に政事庶務の中心が朝堂院から周辺官衙に移っていき、平安京の頃にはその規模は縮小され、朝賀や即位、饗宴など、主に朝廷の盛典、儀礼に用いられるようになった。
- After the peak period of Fujiwara-kyo (the Fujiwara Palace; the ancient capital of Fujiwara), the center of political and general affairs had gradually shifted from the chodoin to the kanga (government office) around them, and by the time of Heian-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Kyoto), the scale of the chodoin had been reduced; as such, the chodoin came to be used mainly for rituals and ceremonies of the Imperial Court such as Choga (New Year's greetings or well-wishes offered by retainers to the Emperor), enthronement and a banquet.
- しかしその一方で戦国期に復興した天皇の権威は、鎌倉幕府を模範とした独立型の幕府としたはずなのに、世の中の安定と共に大日本史の編纂を契機にして江戸幕府の朝廷からの委任論が大きくなる。
- On the other hand, authorities of the Emperor, which were restored in the Sengoku period, once turned into an independent-type bakufu which was modeled on the Kamakura bakufu; however, along with the stability of lives and editing of the Great Japanese History, the delegation from the Imperial Court of the Edo bakufu became larger.
- 滝川一益の敗走により、織田領である信濃、甲斐、上野が一気に空白状態となると、越後の上杉景勝や相模の北条氏直、三河の徳川家康など近隣勢力が侵攻し、旧織田領を巡る天正壬午の乱が起こる。
- As Kazumasu TAKIGAWA was routed, Oda's territory Shinano, Kai, and Ueno became void at once, and neighboring forces such as Kagekatsu UESUGI in Echigo, Ujinao HOJO in Sagami, and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in Mikawa invaded, and Tenshojingo no ran (Tenshojingo Rebellion) occurred in the former Oda territory.
- 極東地域、日本近海にも欧米の船が出没する回数が多くなったが、幕府は日本との外交ルートを模索する外国使節や外国船の接触に対し、には外国船打払令を実行するなど、鎖国政策の継続を行った。
- In spite of the frequent visits of western vessels in the far east area, or the sea of Japan, the shogunate government continued the seclusion policy by strong measures such as the enforcement of the edict to repel foreign vessels in 1825 to prevent contacts with foreign envoys and vessels asking for a diplomatic channel with Japan.
- これは、昔から豊後守護であり、北九州を抑えようとしていた大友氏には忌々しい存在であり、15世紀から16世紀前半には豊前や筑前などを舞台に大友と大内の小中規模な勢力争いが続いていた。
- Since the Otomo clan had been shugo (military governor) of Bungo Province for a long time, aiming at subjugation of northern Kyushu, it was infuriated with the Ouchi clan -- There had been small-scale to medium-scale power struggles between the Otomo and the Ouchi clans around such regions as Buzen and Chikugo from the fifteenth century to the first half of the sixteenth century.
- 南山麓から本丸へ続く大手道、通路に接して築造された伝豊臣秀吉邸や伝前田利家邸、天皇行幸を目的に建設したとみられる内裏の清涼殿を模った本丸御殿などの当時の状況が明らかとなりつつある。
- Excavation of the Ote michi-road connecting the southern foot of Mt. Azuchi and Honmaru (the keep of a castle), the resident attributed to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and that attributed to Toshiie MAEDA, both of which were adjacent to pathway, as well as the Hon-maru Palace modeled after Seiryo-den (an imperial summer palace) in the Imperial Palace which were constructed for the Imperial visit, is disclosing the castle's appearance in those days.
- 高座の模様が収録されたコンパクトディスクやカセットテープが販売されており、ラジオ等で放送される音源をカセットテープやミニディスク等の記録メディアに録音・収集することも行われている。
- Compact discs and cassettes of recorded rakugo stage performances are on the market, and some people have recorded rakugo aired on the radio on media such as cassettes and minidiscs.
- この7代如心斎らが行った組織改革は後世に千家流茶道を伝える基盤整備である一方で、単なる指導方法の変更のみならず、小規模空間で小人数をもてなすわび茶の世界を大きく変えていくことになる。
- The organizational reform carried out by the key Senke persons including Joshinsai (the 7th) developed the foundation to hand down the Senke school of tea ceremony to future generations and, on the other hand, it not only changed the method of teaching but also the world of wabicha (tea ceremony of austere refinement), which was designed to entertain a small group of people in a minuscule space.
- 日本古来からの物真似や形態模写などのお笑い芸や剣舞や独り相撲の舞踊りと唐から伝わった奇術や手品または、軽業や曲芸などの芸が合わさりできた芸能で、奉納相撲や御神楽祭の夜祭で演じられた。
- It consisted of impersonations and other comedy routines, sword dancing, and dancing in one man sumo, as well as Tang's magic shows, acrobatics and stunts performed at honozumo (ritual sumo matches held at a shrine) and kagura (Shinto music and dance) festivals held at night.
- 太刀(大刀)だけではなく、小太刀、鞘木刀、薙刀、槍、鎖鎌、実手、着剣した銃など小太刀術、抜刀術、薙刀術、槍術、鎖鎌術、十手術、銃剣道においてもそれぞれの武器を木で模したものもがある。
- In addition to ordinary swords, known as tachi or daito, there are also wooden copies of the weapons used in other schools, such as kodachi (small swords), saya bokuto (wooden swords with sheaths), naginata (Japanese halberds), yari (spears), kusarigama (chain-sickles), jitte (one hook truncheons), and bayonets used, respectively, in kodachi-jutsu (kodachi techniques), batto-jutsu (sword-drawing techniques), naginata-jutsu (naginata techniques), yari-jutsu (yari techniques), kusarigama-jutsu (kusarigama techniques), jitte-jutsu (jitte techniques), and jukendo (bayonet techniques).
- 1728年(享保13年) - 享保の改革の一環で、幕府鉄炮方の井上左太夫貞高が、鉄炮方役人の銃術鍛練の場として、柳島村(相模川河口)から片瀬村までの海岸に、相州炮術調練場を設置する。
- In 1728, as part of the Kyoho reforms, Sadayu Sadataka INOUE (the government official of Teppo Kata of the Tokugawa shogunate) established Soshu Hojutsu Chorenjo, a shooting practice field for government officers of Bakufu teppo kata (the gun division of the Tokugawa shogunate) in the seashore from Yanajima Village (the mouth of the Sagami-gawa River) to Katase Village.
- それは「土木之壮麗、荘厳之華美、天下第一之仏閣也」(『明月記』嘉禄2年6月5日条)、「今度事、華麗過差、已超先例」(『玉葉』承安3年11月21日条)といわれるほど大規模なものだった。
- It was the Buddhist temple on a huge scale described as follows; 'the wooden building was magnificent, it had a solemn and beautiful atmosphere, it was the best Buddhist temple in the world.' 'Meigetsuki' (FUJIWARA no Teika's diary in Chinese writing style) (an article on June 5, Karoku 2), also mentioned; 'This Buddhist temple was too beautiful and solemn, there was no other temple like this throughout history.' 'Gyokuyo' (Diary of Kanezane KUJO) an article on November 21, Shoan 3.
- また、日本橋 (東京都中央区)にあった「白木屋 (デパート)」デパート(旧・東急百貨店日本橋店の前身、現在の「コレド日本橋」)で発生した大規模火災で、やはり和装の人々に被害が多かった。
- In addition, when the massive fire broke out at 'Shirokiya department store' (the predecessor of the former Tokyu Department Store Nihonbashi shop, and present day 'COREDO Nihonbashi') in Nihombashi (Chuo Ward, Tokyo), victims were mainly people wearing kimono.
- 物語ではあるが、『曽我物語』(真字本:まなぼん)に見る頼朝挙兵前の開発領主の姻戚関係を見ると、大庭御厨の濫妨から、石橋山の合戦までの相模近辺の武士団の関係、勢力範囲がよく表されている。
- The relationship of bushidan and range of power of Sagami Province was described in detail from the disturbance in Obamikuriya estate to the Battle of Ishibashiyama Mountain by looking at the matrimonial relation of kaihatsu-ryoshu prior to the mobilization call by Yoritomo in 'Soga Monogatari' (the tale of Soga) (Manabon - a book written only in Chinese characters) despite being just literature.
- 藤原秀郷、平高望、源経基らがこの第一世代の武士と考えられ、彼らは在地において従来の富豪百姓層(田堵負名)と同様に大規模な公田請作を国衙と契約することで武人としての経済基盤を与えられた。
- FUJIWARA no Hidesato, TAIRA no Takamochi, MINAMOTO no Tsunemoto and so on are considered as the first generation of bushi; in the local lands they signed contracts for farming the koden (field administered directly by a ruler) with kokuga in the similar way as wealthy farmer class (tato fumyo [cultivator/tax manager]) did and got an economic base as warriors.
- 大規模な改修工事の末大迫りが装備され、山門が舞台上にその姿を初めて現したのは平成3 (1991) 年の顔見世、十三代目片岡仁左衛門の五右衛門、七代目尾上梅幸の久吉で演じられた時だった。
- Later, after major repairs, an o-zeri was built and 'Sanmon' was performed for the first time in the theatre as the kaomise (opening of the season) of 1991, at that time, Nizaemon KATAOKA (the thirteenth) played Goemon and Baiko ONOE (the seventh) played Hisayoshi.
- 本館の外見と調和したインド室は、妻の重子夫人の部屋で、インドのアクバル時代の大臣室を模し、インド美術や黒色大理石に宝石を飾った精巧な大額、妻の撮ったヒマラヤ山脈大写真などが飾られていた。
- The Indian room coordinated with the appearance of the main building was the room of his wife, Shigeko where was imitated minister's rooms of the times of Emperor Akbar in India and decorated with Indian art, a large elaborate frame of black marble decorated with jewels and a large picture of the Himalayas taken by her.
- 特にクーデターで国司が交代した上総・相模では、頼朝の下に武士たちが瞬く間に集結して一大勢力を形成しており、清盛は孫の平維盛に追討軍を率いさせたが、富士川の戦いであえなく敗走してしまった。
- Especially in Kazusa and Sagami, where the governor had just been changed after a coup d'etat, many bushi gathered under Yoritomo very quickly and created one big force, which Kiyomori sent under his grandson, TAIRA no Koremori to lead the attack, but they lost at the Battle of Fuji-gawa River.
- ただし、ニューヨークのメトロポリタン美術館やロンドンの大英博物館の日本ギャラリーは、中国美術やエジプト美術のギャラリーに比べて規模も小さく、開設時期も比較的新しいということは事実である。
- It is true, however, that the Japanese art gallery of the Metropolitan Museum in New York and that of the British Museum in London are both smaller and newer than their Chinese and Egyptian art galleries.
- その本館の外見は、インドのアクバル皇帝時代の建物やインド近代建築の傑作といわれたタージマハルを模したとされ、赤いストレート屋根の西隅にはドームがそびえ、木造二階建て、地下一階となっている。
- The main building was a two-story wooden house with a basement; it had a dome on the western corner of its red straight roof and it is said that, in appearance, it imitated the architecture of the times of India's Emperor Akbar and the Taj Mahal, which is considered a masterpiece of modern construction.
- また、明らかに神護寺伝源頼朝像を模写して描かれた大英博物館所蔵の源頼朝像には、賛に頼朝像との明記があり、成立時期が南北朝期-室町期と目されることから、通説を補強する有力な根拠となっていた。
- A portrait of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo which is in the possession of the British Museum with a credit of the portrait of Yoritomo obviously copied the unconfirmed portraits of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo in Jingo-ji Temple; the period of drawing is regarded from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts to the Muromachi period, and it strongly supported the popular theory.
- その形式は楕円形の馬場と3頭以上の馬を用いてレースを行うというものであり、まもなく日本人によって日本各地で近代競馬が模倣されるようになったが、そのための場として祭典競馬が盛んに利用された。
- It was a race by three or more horses on an oval track and the form of the modern horse racing was taken over by Japanese and this form of race gradually spread everywhere in Japan, however, the traditional saiten keiba were used as the venue.
- 小平は当時多くの宮苑造成に関与する中それまでの日本庭園のあり方を咀嚼し、その上で新宿御苑のように当時の欧米先進国で数多く試みられていた自然風景式大規模庭園の特徴を加味することを試みている。
- Kodaira comprehended the way conventional Japanese gardens were made while being involved in constructing many Imperial gardens at the time, and tried to add characteristics of a large-scale garden of the natural scenery style prevailing in advanced countries like in Europe and America.
- 原型は租庸調として布を納めていたという故事にあやかり作られた、求肥を包んで成形した調布(ちょうふ)と呼ばれる菓子であるが、いつしか更に手を加えて鮎に似せて模られるようになったとされている。
- It developed from a type of confectionery made with gyuhi rolled in sponge cake called Chofu which symbolizes cloth collected in Soyocho (a tax system, corvee), and, in the course of history, its form was changed into a more refined shape of an ayu (a sweet fish).
- バブル崩壊後、外国資本が急速に日本経済界を席捲するなかで、江戸時代以来の酒屋の暖簾(のれん)、すなわち今日でいう資本系列の垣根を越えて、合併による生き残りが模索されている最中といってよい。
- After the bubble busted, foreign capital invaded rapidly into the Japanese economic world, and in this trend, they have now been groping for how to survive through M&A, beyond the goodwill of sakaya retained since the Edo period, or beyond the barrier of the capital-based relationships.
- これは本来伊達氏特有の現象ではなく、この地域の戦国大名家の洞は周辺部にある国人領主たちによる小規模な洞をいくつも包括していく中で自己の洞という形で大名領国を形成していったと考えられている。
- This was not particular to the Date clan, since Utsuro of the Sengoku daimyo families in this region are considered to have developed into daimyo ryokoku (territories ruled by daimyo) by integrating many small-sized Utsuro of Kokujin ryoshu in neighboring regions.
- これらのほとんどは捕鯨により激減したため今では稀にしか見られないが、現在でも多数のイルカ類や、少数だがヒゲクジラでは珍しく大規模な回遊を行わないミンククジラやナガスクジラの個体群も存在する。
- As the number of whales has been sharply decreased due to whaling, whale sightings are very rare these days but many delphinoid species and, among baleen whale species, small population of minke whales and fin whales that do not take on extensive migrations remain in existence today.
- これまで足軽は戦闘の主役ではなかったが、戦国時代 (日本)を迎え集団戦が本格化・大規模化していくと、訓練された槍・弓 (武器)・鉄砲の足軽隊が組織され備の主要な部隊として活躍するようになる。
- Ashigaru had not yet been utilized as the main element of battle forces but as they became more well organized and increased in number during the Sengoku period (Japan), they were given training and ashigaru units bearing spears, bows (weapons) and guns were created, going on to form the backbones of armies.
- 缶コーヒーは日本などアジアが市場の主流で、欧米では極小規模の範囲で留まっており、日本でいう350ml相当の缶にミルク・糖分多めの商品が日系やアジア系のメーカーから数種発売されている程度である。
- While Asian countries including Japan form the main market of canned coffee, Western countries remain a very small-scale market, where only a few types of coffee containing a little extra milk and sugar in cans equal to Japanese 350 ml cans sold by Japanese- and Asian-affiliated manufacturers.
- そのため美しく人気のある家紋や描きやすい単純な模様の家紋ほど好まれる傾向にあり、同名字であっても異なる家紋を利用しているケースもあれば、異名字であっても同じ家紋を利用しているケースも多かった。
- Consequently, more beautiful, popular, or simpler Kamon, that were easier to draw, tended to be favored, and while some clans who had the same Myoji used different Kamon, many clans who had different Myoji used the same Kamon.
- フィンセント・ファン・ゴッホが『タンギー爺さん』という作品の背景に浮世絵を描いたり、広重の絵を油絵で模写したり、エドゥアール・マネの『笛を吹く少年』が浮世絵の影響を受けていることは有名である。
- It is well known that Vincent VAN GOGH drew Ukiyoe on the background of his work entitled 'Portrait of Pere Tanguy' and reproduced Hiroshige's works in his oil painting, while the 'Young Flautist' of Edouard MANET was influenced by Ukiyoe.
- 12世紀の中葉に起こった相模国の大庭御厨の濫妨と、下総国の相馬御厨の事件は、当時における在庁官人=在地領主の変貌と、国司・目代との対立の激しさ、在地領主層の地位の脆弱さと限界を如実に示してる。
- An incident that occurred during the mid-twelfth century involving a disturbance at the Obamikuriya estate of Sagami Province and Soma-mikuriya (private estate of Soma ranch) of Shimousa Province realistically depicted the transfiguration of the Zaichokanjin being the local lord at that time, harsh conflicts between governors and mokudai (deputy provincial governor), and the fragility of the lord of the manor class.
- 敗戦後の1947年10月14日、11宮家51名は、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の指令により皇室財産が国庫に帰属させられたため、経済的に従前の規模の皇室を維持できなくなったことから皇籍を離脱した。
- After the War on October 14, 1947, 51 family members of 11 Miyake ceased being members of the Imperial Family since it was hard for the nation to maintain the existing scale of Imperial Families financially, this was because Imperial assets did not belong to the national treasury any longer after receiving the order from the General Headquarters of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.
- 源氏の三保谷四郎と平氏の平景清との組討(「しころびき」という)の模様や、義経をまもって敵の矢にあたってたおれた腹心佐藤継信、その矢を射た平教経の愛童菊王の死など、漁師があまりにも詳しく語った。
- The fisherman describes every detail of incidents such as the following: the kumiuchi scene (grappling fight) between Shiro MIHONOYA of the Minamoto clan and TAIRA no Kagekiyo of the Taira clan (this legendary fight is called 'Shikorobiki' in Japanese); the scene in which Yoshitsune's trusted retainer, Tsugunobu SATO, was struck by an arrow and died while rescuing Yoshitsune; and the scene in which Kikuo—a beloved son of TAIRA no Noritsune, who shot the arrow that killed Tsugunobu SATO—dies.
- 頭に鍍金した唐草模様の宝冠(雅楽では、山形の額飾りと側頭部に二本の剣形の飾りを備えた金属製のヘッドバンドを指す)をつけて二本の山吹の枝をはさみ、図画資料では髪は下の輪のみの角髪に結うことが多い。
- They wear hokan (crown) (in gagaku [ancient Japanese court dance and music]), it refers to a metal band for hair with a mountain-like ornament on the front and two sword-like ornaments on each side of the band), with arabesque, plated with gold, guilt on their head, and clip two yamabuki (bright yellow) branches, and lower ring of their hair was often set in mizura, tsunogami style.
- それほど多いものではないという理由は、当時必要とされた武力は、京の治安維持、要人の護衛、受領として赴任する際に引き連れ、在庁官人を押さえる程度のものであり、大規模な争乱などほとんど無かったこと。
- The reason why it might not be as big was because military power required at that time was for sustaining the peace of Kyoto, guard a person upon request, followed as a retainer when one left a post due to zuryo, and arrest the Zaichokanjin (the local officials in the Heian and Kamakura periods), but there was hardly any turmoil.
- 1429年、日本に来た朴端生は、「日本の農人、水車の設けあり」として、学生の金慎に「造車の法」を精査させて模型を作り、鍍銀(銀メッキ)、造紙(紙漉)、朱紅、軽粉などの製造法を祖国に報告している。
- Seo-saeng BAK who came to Japan in 1429 made Kinshin (金慎), a student under him, investigate 'how to make a water wheel' closely and made him make a model water wheel, saying that 'Japanese farmers use water wheels,' and also reported a silver-gilding method, how to manufacture paper, how to generate vermillion and how to manufacture medicine called keifun.
- また交差点及びその周辺では、透水性舗装の車道に加えて、電線類地中化や歩道のタイル舗装化、中央分離帯には五重塔の屋根を模したデザインの照明が設置される等、環境・景観向上のための工夫が施されている。
- The intersection and its surrounding areas have devices used to improve the environment and appearance by making the road water permeable, centralizing electricity lines, decorating pedestrian walk with tiles, and having electric lights designed like the roof of Gojo Tower at the central division of the road.
- 祭りや市や縁日が立つ寺社の参道や境内、門前町・鳥居前町・遊郭で出店や夜店として大規模な楊弓店、から小さな矢場といわれる小店があり、弓矢を使い的に当て、的の位置や種類により、商品や賞金が振舞われた。
- It ranged from large-sized Yokyu shops opened at festivals, sando (an approach to a temple) or precincts of a shrine on the days of festivities, Monzen-machi (a temple town), Toriimae-machi (town in front of torii - Shinto shrine gateway) and yukaku (red-light district) to small shops called yaba, where Yumiya was used to hit a target and prizes or money was given in accordance with the positions or types targets.
- 横山党(よこやまとう)は、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代にかけて、武蔵国多摩郡(現・東京都八王子市)横山庄を中心として、武蔵国(大里郡・比企郡 - 橘樹郡)および相模国北部に割拠した同族的武士団である。
- The Yokoyama Party, centered in the Yokoyama-sho estate in Tama County, Musashi Province (the present Hachioji City, Tokyo), was an armed group from the same family that existed from the late Heian period to the Kamakura period, and based themselves in Musashi Province (Osato County, Hiki County, and Tachibana County) and the northern part of Sagami Province.
- 以後、日本はロシアを仮想敵国として、清から得た賠償金および利子3億6千万円を、日清戦争戦費(2億2247万円)の3割(7900万円)の補填と次のより大規模な戦争のための軍備拡張費(2億円)とした。
- Japan then regarded Russia a hypothetical enemy and, out of the 360,000,000 yen indemnity and its interest obtained from Qing, Japan spent 30% (79,000,000 yen) in compensation for military expenditures for the Sino-Japanese war (222,470,000 yen) and on its military build-up for a possible large-scale war (200,000,000 yen).
- 同時に、医療先進地として舞鶴医療センター(旧国立舞鶴病院)・舞鶴共済病院・舞鶴赤十字病院・市立舞鶴市民病院・自衛隊病院などの大規模病院があり、日常的に近隣市町村のみならず広域からの人口流入が多い。
- At the same time, as a medically advanced region, it has large hospitals, such as Maizuru Medical Center (former national Maizuru Hospital), Maizuru Kyosai Hospital, Maizuru Red Cross Hospital, Maizuru Municipal Hospital, and Self-Defense Forces Maizuru Hospital that result in a big population flow not only from the vicinity towns and villages but from a wide range of area on the routine basis.
- 藤原京・平城京・平安京などの大規模な首都整備、豪族・貴族の在地から首都への集住強制、納税や官人の往来のための官道整備(→日本の古代道路)などにより、畿内は日本の富が集中する経済地域となっていった。
- Because of a large-scale preparation of the capitals, such as Fujiwara-kyo Palace, Heijo-kyo Palace and Heian-kyo Palace, the compulsion of concentrated dwelling of powerful regional clans and nobles from their local lands into the capitals, and the preparation of the official roads for tax payments and government officials, (refer to the ancient roads of Japan), the provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara (Kinai region) had become an economic area in which the wealth of Japan was concentrated.
- 戦前までの上方・京都や関西の一部では天皇の御所を模した御殿式の屋形の中に男雛・女雛を飾り、その前の階段や庭に三人官女や五人囃子らを並べ、横に鏡台や茶道具、重箱などの精巧なミニチュアなどを飾っていた。
- In some parts of the Kansai region as well as Kyoto and its vicinity before World War II, the doll representing the emperor and the doll representing the empress were placed in the imperial palace-like mansion modeled after an emperor's palace, and the three court ladies and the five musicians were displayed on the stairs or the garden in front of the two dolls with the fine miniatures such as a dressing table, tea utensils, and tiered food boxes on their sides.
- 仏教では、法華宗・日蓮宗の団扇太鼓以外では太鼓を使うことはあまり見られず打楽器としてはもっぱら木魚(法華宗・日蓮宗では木柾)と鈴が使われるが、大規模な行事には銅鑼や鉦鼓などと一緒に太鼓が用いられる。
- In Buddhism, the Japanese drum is not so often seen to be used except for the round fan drum in the Hokke and Nichiren Sects; as far as percussion instruments are concerned, the mokugyo (a fish-shaped small wooden gong) and the bell are exclusively used (the Hokke and Nichiren sects, however, use mokusho (a round small wooden gong) instead of mokugyo), nevertheless for a large-scale event, the Japanese drum is used with the metallic gongs and metallic drums.
- 戦中の島民疎開により途絶えていたが、1989年(平成元年)になって地域おこしの一環として小笠原村の役場・農業協同組合・商工会によってこれを扱う企業が設立され、その製法を模したラム酒が製造されている。
- It was discontinued because the islanders evacuated during the war, but in 1989 as part of regional promotion, a company was established by the local government, Agricultural Cooperatives and Chamber of Commerce of Ogasawara village to produce it and rum was produced by following the manufacturing process.
- この場合、官製はがきではなく私製葉書に切手(弔事用、花輪やアシの模様など)を貼って出すことが多かったが最近ではパーソナルコンピュータ、プリンターの普及により、官製はがきを用いることも多くなっている。
- In such a case, not an official postal card but a private mailing card is used with a postal stamp (for mourning, the pattern of a wreath or a reed), whereas the postal card has become common with the diffusion of personal computers and printers.
- これは、公出挙の貸付先として利払いが滞りがちな小規模広範囲の百姓ではなく、大規模で少数の有力百姓等を指定し、彼らが公出挙により受け取った本稲(元本の稲)を私出挙の財源とすることを認めたものであった。
- Under this system, local administrative organizations designated a small number of influential farmers as debtors, instead of small-scaled and extensive peasants with a tendency of stagnant interest payment, allowing those designated debtors to use the 'Honto' (rice plant as capital), which they had received through Ku-Suiko, for the financial resources of Shi-Suiko.
- また大軍に比してそれを指揮する武将の格が低すぎること、名を挙げられている人物には明らかに当時他方面で働いている者が含まれていることから、『高野春秋』の記す合戦規模については疑問符をつけざるを得ない。
- In addition, compared to the large army, the status of the commander was too low and the names of samurai who appeared in this literature clearly included those who were working in other region in those days, therefore, the size of the war described in 'Koya Shunju' are cast into doubt.
- 明治維新は欧米列強に抑圧されたアジア諸国にとって近代化革命の模範ともなったが、やがて日本自身が列強側の国家として、帝国主義的な領土・権益獲得の立場となったことから、かえって反発を呼ぶことにもなった。
- The Meiji Restoration in Japan was a model for the modern revolution of the various Asian countries which were suppressed by powerful western countries, but Japan also received resistance from them because Japan itself became a powerful imperialistic country trying to obtain lands and interests.
- しかし建武の新政は武士の支持を得られず、建武 (日本)2年(1335年)に北条時行らが中先代の乱を起こし鎌倉を占拠すると、道誉は尊氏に従い討伐へと向かい、相模川で時行軍の背後を奇襲し勝利に寄与する。
- However, the Kenmu Restoration of the imperial government could not draw support from samurai warriors, and in 1335 when Tokiyuki HOJO and others staged the Nakasendai War and occupied Kamakura, Doyo followed Takauji and went out and made a sneak attack from behind the Tokiyuki army in the Sagamigawa River and contributed to the victory.
- 前時代までの刀剣が、中国や朝鮮半島からの伝来品か、それらを模して国内で作られたものが多かったのに比べ、平安時代に入ると国風文化の進展に伴い、伝来品を下敷きとしつつも我国独自の様式が形作られていった。
- Whereas most of the swords before the Heian period were either imported from China or the Korean Peninsula, or modeled after them and domestically produced, swords in the Heian period and after saw development of styles original to Japan deriving from those imports.
- 真言宗、天台宗等の大規模寺院は修行の場であるため山間部にあり、また、女人禁制で有るため、このような稚児はいわば「男性社会における女性的な存在」となり、しばしば男色の対象とされた(但し上稚児は対象外)。
- Because the large-scale temples of the Shingon and Tendai sects of Buddhism for practicing asceticism were located in the mountains and closed to women, these chigo were often involved in homosexual relationships as 'a female role in a male society' (except for the upper chigo).
- 一方、大きな経済力を身につけながらも社会的には低く見られていた商人の家庭では、武士に対抗して豪華な武具の模造品を作らせ、幟の代わりに黄表紙の挿絵などを見ると五色の吹流しを美々しく飾るようになっている。
- On the other hand, merchant families, who were seen as being of lower social rank despite their considerable economic power, hired the creation of replicas of luxury arms against the samurai, as well as beautifully decorated five-color streamers instead of nobori, according to illustrations on kibyoshi (an illustrated book of popular fiction whose cover is yellow).
- だが、大規模な軍事衝突にも関わらず、参加諸大名の士気は低く、かと言って勝利の際の利益配分を期待しなかったわけではないため、結果的に首都で延々と11年間も決着が付かない軍事衝突を断続的に行う事になった。
- Yet despite the enormous size of the armies involved, morale among the various participating daimyo was low; this wasn't to say that they weren't hoping to be rewarded if their side was victorious, but as a result of this situation, inconclusive and intermittent fighting ravaged the capital for the next eleven years.
- 同時代の他の古墳に比較して規模が隔絶しており、また日本各地に類似した古墳が存在し、出土遺物として埴輪の祖形と考えられる吉備系の土器が見出せるなど、以後の古墳の標準になったと考えられる重要な古墳である。
- This particular tumulus is significant, as its size and enclosed Kibi style artifacts (an original form of 'haniwa,' or hollow clay figurines) seem to suggest that it served as a model for the later tumuluses all over Japan.
- 具体的な行政機構としては、太政官と神祇官を置き、太政官の下に各省を置く律令制が模写されたものの、その後も民部省から工部省が分離したり、刑部省から司法省への改組など幾多の改変を必要とし、安定しなかった。
- Although the government copied the Ritsuryo system, which had Dajokan (Grand Council of State) and Jingikan (the Officer in charge of the Shinto ceremony) as specific administrative organizations, the system was unstable because it needed continuous reforms thereafter, such as dividing the Ministry of Industry from the Ministry of Popular Affairs, and changing the Ministry of Criminal Punishments to the Ministry of Justice.
- アラビア室は、本館東端に位置し、スペインのアルハンブラ宮殿内の王室の壮観を模したものといわれ、床は白と黒の大理石で基盤に敷かれ、中央の四角い池には噴水があり、周囲にはペゴニアやコケ類の鉢が置かれていた。
- The Arabian room, which was modeled after the magnificent king's room in Alhambra Palace, was located at the east corner of the main building; the floor had a checkerboard pattern of black and white marble, there was a fountain in the central square pond, and there were pots of begonias and moss varieties.
- 彩色に関しても、両面カラーのもの、透明なもの、グラデーションや水玉など特殊な模様の入ったもの、表面が2等分や4等分に色分けされているものなどがあり、現在1000種以上の折り紙用紙が入手可能といわれている。
- It is said that more than 1000 varieties of colorful origami paper are available with colors on both sides, transparent colors, gradational colors, special patterns such as dots, dual or quartered colors amongst others.
- 滝を模し水が深山から流れ出し、大きな流れになってゆく様子を表現する手法や、石を立て、また石を組合せることによる石組表現、宗教的な意味を持たせた蓬莱山や蓬莱島、鶴島、亀島などに見立てる手法が多く用いられる。
- Techniques are used to express water flowing down a mountain turning into a huge stream by imitating a water fall, and ishigumi (stone combinations) such as arranging stones and putting together rocks symbolizing religious significance like Horai-san mountain (a mountain island in China where a benevolent wizard who had a drug for achieving eternal youth was believed to reside) and Horai-to island (same as the Horai-san mountain, see above), tsuru-shima island (the island of the crane, which is a place to pray for a long life) and kame-shima island (the island of the tortoise, also a place to pray for a long life) are commonly used.
- これは当時の政権が大規模な輸送を行う能力を持っていたことを裏付けている(この徴発によって反乱軍を率いる皇子側は軍馬を確保するとともに、結果的には敵の本拠である大津京への兵糧搬入を妨害したことにもなった)。
- Operations of this size give evidence to support the capability of the government of the time to have large-scale transportation (As a result of this requisition, the rebel troops on the Prince's side gained war-horses while simultaneously interrupting the delivery of provisions to the enemy's base in Otsukyo).
- 西洋哲学と東洋思想の融合を目指した『善の研究』などで表される西田哲学の立場に立ち、東洋でありながら西洋化した日本で、ただ西洋哲学を受け入れるだけではなくそれといかに内面で折り合うことができるかを模索した。
- They held the position of Nishida philosophy expressed in 'A Study of Good' and other books which aimed at the integrity of Western philosophy and Eastern ideology and searched how they could inwardly make terms with Western philosophy not just simply to accept it in Japan, eastern, but westernized.
- 頼朝は、海路で安房国へ移動して相模三浦半島の豪族である三浦氏と合流した後、安房の在庁官人をはじめ房総半島の上総広常、千葉常胤、武蔵の足立遠元、畠山重忠らの諸豪族を傘下に加えながら急速に大勢力となっていく。
- Yoritomo took a sea route to Awa Province to join up with the powerful family within the Sagami Miura peninsula, the Miura clan, and gathered various families such as the local officials of Awa Province, Hirotsune KAZUSA and Tsunetane CHIBA of the Boso peninsula, Tomoto ADACHI and Shigetada HATAKEYAMA of Musashi, rapidly becoming a major force.
- 朝廷の内部資料(清涼殿に仕える女官の日誌)である『お湯殿の上の日記』に基づけば、天正9年(1581年)信長が京都で大規模な京都御馬揃えを行った直後の3月9日に、正親町天皇から退位の意向が信長に伝えられた。
- According to internal information (the diary of a court lady's who had served at Seiryo-den), 'Oyu-dono no ue no nikki,' the Emperor's intention to abdicate the throne was passed to Nobunaga on March 9, just after Nobunaga organized a massive function of Kyoto Oumazoroe in 1581.
- その際、周辺の民家(畝傍8戸、久米4戸、四条1戸)の一般村計13戸が移転し(『橿原神宮規模拡張事業竣成概要報告』)、洞部落208戸、1054人が1917年(大正6年)に移転した(宮内庁「畝傍部沿革史」)。
- On this occasion, a total of 13 houses in surrounding villages (eight houses in Unebi, four houses in Kume and one house in Shijo) were relocated (summary report of completion of Kashihara-Jingu Shrine's scale widening project); moreover, in 1917, 1,054 people of 208 houses in Ho buraku (hamlet) were moved (Imperial Household Agency, 'Chronology of Unebi部').
- また、戦国時代 (日本)末期から江戸時代初期には権力側にも風流に好意的な風潮も見られ、慶長9年(1604年)の豊臣秀吉の7回忌に合わせて京都の町衆が大規模な風流踊を開いた際には豊臣氏からの支援を受けている。
- From the late Sengoku period to the early Edo period, the government also showed favorable attitudes towards Furyu, and in 1604, on the seventh anniversary of the death of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, the commerce and industry people of Kyoto held a big Furyuodori with support from the TOYOTOMI family.
- - 行商とは一般的には固定客への訪問販売によって商売をする者を指すが、郊外や商圏の規模の小さい所では物売りであっても、固定客が主な客層である場合もあり、特に豆腐や納豆や野菜や魚の物売りなどがこの傾向にある。
- Gyosho generally refers to those who do business through door-to-door sales with regular customers, but in suburbs or areas with a small trade-area, the main customers of monouri may also be regular customers, and tofu, natto (fermented soybeans), vegetables, and fish monouri tend to fall under this category.
- 端午の節句である旧暦の5月5日 (旧暦)までの梅雨の時期の雨の日に、男児の出世を願って家庭の庭先で飾られた紙・布・不織布などにコイの絵柄を描き、風をはらませてなびかせる吹流しをコイの形に模して作ったのぼり。
- It's a flag made of paper, fabric and nonwoven fabric with a carp design on it, whereby a streamer swings in the wind in the shape of a carp, and it's decorated in the yard to wish for a male child's success on a rainy day during the rainy season until May 5 (old lunar calendar) of the Boys' Festival.
- 大正時代から昭和時代初頭、1920年代には、国立醸造研究所を中心として、さらに高度な品質の日本酒の開発が模索され、そうした中でのちに日本酒吟醸酒の誕生として普及する酒の原形を醸造する清酒酵母が造られ始めた。
- In the 1920's, from the Taisho period through the early Showa period, the National Institute of Brewing conducted researches for higher quality sake, and during the course production of sake yeasts for making archetypes of sake which were later developed and spread as Nihonshu ginjo-shu (high-quality sake brewed at low temperatures from rice grains milled to 60 % weight or less) began.
- 付け下げ訪問着を簡略化したものであらかじめ切って裁断された上に柄を置く絵羽模様ではなく、予定の場所に前もって想定し柄が置かれた反物の状態で売られているもので、縫うと訪問着のような位置に柄が置かれるものである。
- Tsukesage: A simplified version of Homongi that is made of a roll of cloth which has been dyed a design on planned places to be completed as Homongi, in contrast to Homongi that is made of pieces of cloth previously dyed with a design to be completed on a finished kimono.
- 図1は合戦を描いた戦国合戦図屏風より、陣立がある程度確認できる岩国歴史博物館所蔵、川中島合戦図屏風の武田信玄本陣備(左図)と福岡市博物館所蔵、関ヶ原合戦図屏風の徳川家康本陣備(右図)を模式図化したものである。
- From the folding screen drawings of battle scenes of the Sengoku Period, in which battle scenes are depicted and the battle formation can be identified to a certain degree, Figure 1 shows the pattern diagram of Shingen TAKEDA's army headquarters sonae (left) from the folding screen drawing of the Kawanakajima Battle, which belongs to the Iwakuni Historical Museum, and that of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's army headquarters sonae (right) from the folding screen drawing of the Battle of Sekigahara, which belongs to the Fukuoka City Museum.
- 江戸幕府による大政奉還を受け、王政復古 (日本)によって発足した明治新政府の方針は、天皇親政(旧来の幕府・摂関などの廃止)を基本とし、諸外国(主に欧米列強国を指す)に追いつくための改革を模索することであった。
- The aim of the Meiji government, which was created by the restoration of Imperial rule after Taisei-hokan (transfer of power back to the emperor) from the Edo Shogunate, was to establish the basis of direct Imperial rule by the emperor by the abolition of the Shogunate and the positions of Regent and Chief advisor to the emperor, and to investigate ways to reform and catch up with foreign countries (mainly, powerful countries in Western Europe and North America).
- 特に広島市内には多くの小規模な店舗があるが、これは戦後これらのソース会社がそれぞれのお好み焼き店の開業の支援をしてきたからで、「近所の主婦」が内職の感覚で自宅の一部を改装して安価で店を開くことが出来たのである。
- Especially in Hiroshima City there are lots of small-scale shops because they were supported by these sauce companies to open the shops after the war and thus 'housewives in the neighborhood' could open the shops at a low price as a kind of part-time job after refurbishing some parts of their houses.
- こうして与えられた支配権・管理権は一様ではなく、名田の規模・態様によってさまざまな形態をとっていたが、いずれにせよ田堵負名は、国司・領主に認められた権限を背景に、現地において百姓らへの支配を強めていったのである。
- Although these rights to rule and manage land varied greatly depending on the size and arrangement of myoden land, tato fumyo farmers succeeded in strengthening their control over peasants in many villages by using the authority recognized by their own rulers.
- これに対して一介の御家人から室町幕府を創設した足利氏の場合は、南北朝の内乱の中で敵から奪った所領の増加がある一方で恩賞や敵からの略奪による所領の喪失もあり、その御料所の規模は鎌倉幕府のそれよりも遥かに乏しかった。
- On the other hand, the Ashikaga clan, which raised from a mere gokenin to found the Muromachi bakufu, gained the shoryo by depriving the enemies of the shoryo during the Nanbokucho civil war, but lost their shoryo when their shoryo was taken as rewards to the others or was deprived by the enemies -- Consequently, its goryosho (shogunal domain) was far less than that of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 一方、東日本は藩の規模が大きかったため、(急傾斜)棚田をつくる経済的インセンティブが働かず、棚田はあまりつくられないか、つくられた場合でも畔や土手は傾斜が緩やかな土盛りとなり、西日本とは対照的な棚田風景となった。
- On the other hand, there was little economic incentive for making Tanada (on a steep slope) in eastern Japan where most domains were large, so they rarely made Tanada, and when they did, dikes and mounds were mild land elevations and the sights of Tanada were quite different from those in western Japan.
- 戦国時代 (日本)においては、相模国の戦国大名である北条氏康が大飢饉の発生に際して北条氏政への家督相続を行い、「代初めの徳政」を行った事例があるなど、「代初めの徳政」が定着していたことをうかがい知ることができる。
- During the Sengoku period (period of warring states), there was a case where the lord of Sagami Province (western Kanagawa), Ujiyasu HOJO, passed the position of family head to Ujimasa HOJO and started 'Tokusei upon family head change' when there was a great famine, suggesting that 'Tokusei upon family head change' was an established practice.
- 中国長江文明では、三星堆遺跡から出土した青銅器(青銅神樹と呼ばれる)には木に止まる太陽を模した9羽の鳥があり、上古神話では鳥は8羽が既に死んでおり現在の太陽は最後の1羽だが既に瀕死であるという(故に供物を捧げた)。
- The bronze ware (called seidoshinju) unearthed from Sanseitai-iseki Remains in the region of Chinese Chang Jiang Culture has nine birds representing suns perching on a tree, and according to ancient mythology, the eight birds were already dead and the last bird which represented the current sun was almost dead (offerings were already made).
- また、楽市楽座政策をもって彼の先進性と見なす向きもあるが、戦国期に畿内を中心とした土地を大規模な範囲で支配出来たのは信長が最初であるという事情もあり、むしろ経済史の流れに沿っている側面も強いことに注意が必要である。
- The rakuichi-rakuza policy is considered to demonstrate Nobunaga's progressive outlook but there is also the fact that he was the first to achieve wide-reaching territorial control centered around the Kinki region during the Sengoku period (period of warring states), and it is necessary to note that the phenomenon was very important part of economic history.
- 室町幕府の財政は幕府直轄の御料所からの収入が主であったが、南北朝の戦乱の際に敵対する南朝側より狙われて奪取されたり、自軍への恩賞にされてしまうケースも多く、鎌倉幕府や江戸幕府に比べて小規模であったと考えられている。
- The majority of the financial income of Muromachi Bakufu came from Goryo-sho (御料所), which was directly controlled by Bakufu; but often, during the war of the Northern and Southern Courts, the Goryo-sho became a target and were taken by the opposing Nancho side, or were given away as rewards for one's own army, and the scale of Goryo-sho is considered to be smaller than that of Kamakura Bakufu or Edo Bakufu.
- 日本画の誕生は、明治政府の欧化政策のもとでの西洋文化の急速な流入に対する国粋主義的な危機感と、当時のアメリカ合衆国でヨーロッパ由来の文化との対抗軸を模索していたフェノロサとの出会いと共感が造り出したものかもしれない。
- Nihon-ga may have been a product of a nationalistic feeling of crisis due to the rapid influx of western culture under the Meiji government's westernization policy combined with an affinity felt in the encounter with Fenollosa who sought to create a foothold in America to counter the dominance of European culture.
- まだ大規模な酒造器具も開発されておらず、台所用品に毛の生えた程度の器具しかなかったと思われるこの時代に、菩提酛、煮酛など高度な知識の集積にもとづいて、かなりの手間を掛け、精緻に洗練された技術で製造していたと思われる。
- It seems that the tools owned by brewers in those days were little more than kitchen utensils because large implements for brewing sake had not yet been developed, but based on high-level knowledge accumulated about 'Bodai-moto' (a sake ingredient), 'Ni-moto' (a sake producing method) and others, they seem to have produced Nanto moro-haku with considerable effort and scrupulously refined techniques.
- ちなみに「守貞漫稿」にて茶屋辻より格が高いとされた「辻」(「茶屋辻」と区別するため「本辻」とも言われる)とは刺繍や摺匹田(絞り染めを型染めでそれらしく表す染色技法)により色彩も多彩に総柄の模様を表した帷子のことである。
- Incidentally, 'Morisadamanko' ranked 'Tsuji' above the Chayatsuji, where the Tsuji (which is also called 'Hontsuji' to be distinguished from 'Chayatsuji') refers to a Katabira which has a colorful full pattern embroidered and Surihitta-dyed (i.e. a stenciled imitation of a shibori technique called hitta in which small square motifs with a small dot of color in the center cover a specific area).
- 現代では漫画などで「泥棒が盗品を風呂敷に包んで背負う姿」などに描かれている「唐草模様」(当ページの写真参照)も元来吉祥文様であって、めでたいもののひとつであり、犯罪に関連するものでは全くなかったことに留意すべきである。
- The 'arabesque pattern' (see the photograph on this page) which can be seen presently on cartoons and so on depicting a 'thief who shoulders stolen goods wrapped in arabesque-pattern Furoshiki,' is originally an auspicious omens motif and it should be kept in mind that the pattern has nothing to do with criminal offenses.
- 沖縄県の石垣島にある白保村では「成人者が公民館に村人を集め、成人した事の喜びと村への感謝を踊りで表現する」といった行事が伝統的に行われ、テレビ朝日でも「荒れ模様となっている沖縄の成人式の中で」と、これを取り上げている。
- At Shiraho Village in Ishigaki-jima Island, Okinawa Prefecture, a traditional event where 'young people entering adulthood gather village people in the community hall, and express the joy of entering adulthood and giving recognition to village people by dancing' is held, and is reported by TV Asahi in the program 'among disturbed Seijin-shiki ceremonies in Okinawa.'
- 河内源氏は鎌倉幕府樹立の過程で治承の戦いの際に恩賞などの形で獲得した旧伊勢平氏知行国のうち9ヶ国(下総国・上総国・武蔵国・相模国・伊豆国・越後国・信濃国・駿河国・豊後国)及び没官領となった500ヶ所以上の荘園を獲得した。
- The Kawachi Genji received nine provinces (Shimousa Province, Kazusa Province, Musashi Province, Sagami Province, Izu Province, Echigo Province, Shinano Province, Suruga Province, Bungo Province) among those that had been the Ise Heishi's chigyokoku, and 500 or more shoen, that had been mokkan ryo (confiscated lands) -- All of them were received as rewards in the Jisho no ran (Jisho civil war, 1180) in the process of establishing the Kamakura bakufu (military government of Kamakura).
- 墨流し、打ち雲、飛雲や切り継ぎ、破り継ぎ、重ね継ぎなどの継ぎ紙の技巧そして、中国渡来の紋唐紙を模した紋様を施した「から紙」など、京の工人たちは雁皮紙(がんぴし)の加工に情熱を注ぎ、和紙独特の洗練された加工技術を完成させた。
- The craftsmen in Kyoto devoted themselves to processing ganpishi such as the techniques of paper splicing including suminagashi, uchigumo (paper with a flying cloud), tobikumo (a flying cloud-like pattern appearing on indigo-blue and purple fiber-included paper), kiri-tsugi (cutting and splicing), yaburi-tsugi (cutting two kinds of paper with their ends in a swung dash form and splicing them) and kasane-tsugi (cutting five gradated kinds of paper with their ends in a swung dash form and splicing them), and 'karakami' with patterns that imitated Chinese mon-toshi (colored karakami with patterns), and completed sophisticated processing techniques particular to Japanese paper.
- 『平家物語』で「三日平氏の乱」とされているが、本来3日間で鎮圧され「三日平氏の乱」と称されたのは、この20年後の元久元年(1204年)三日平氏の乱 (鎌倉時代)の事件であり、この1184年の平氏反乱は大規模なものであった。
- It was referred to as the 'Three-day War by the Taira Clan' in 'Heike Monogatari' (The tale of the Heike), but it was the incident of Three-day War by the Taira Clan (Kamakura period) in 1204, 20 years later, which was really suppressed in three days and was originally called 'Three-day War by the Taira Clan,' while this rebellion by the Taira clan in 1184 was a major one.
- ほかにも駅南の国道9号線沿いに大規模な開発センタムシティ福知山や、フレスポ福知山、ユニクロ、TSUTAYA、洋服の青山、かっぱ寿司、ホンダ、吉野家、玉姫殿、マクドナルド、しまむら、和食さとなど大手の店がたくさん並んでいる。
- Additionally, large-scale development has proceeded along the National Route 9 on the south side of the station, and there are many big company stores such as Centum City Fukuchiyama (complex), Frespo Fukuchiyama (a shopping mall), UNIQLO (clothing shop), TSUTAYA (rental shop), Yofuku no Aoyama (ready-made men's wear), Kappa Zushi (Sushi restaurant), a Honda dealership (car dealer), a Yoshinoya restaurant, Tamahimeden (a wedding hall), McDonald's, SHIMAMURA (clothing shop), and Washoku Sato (restaurant).
- とりわけ穴窯は燃焼ガス(炎)が窯内を直進し、連房式登窯とは違い、窯内で対流が無い為、火のあたり加減と灰のかかり具合によって作者も予期しない模様や色に焼きあがるため、味があり、同じものは決して二つとしてできないといわれている。
- Unlike Renboshiki-noborigama, the flue gases (flame) in Anagama go straight through the kiln and since there are no convection currents, the position of ware relative to the fire and the amount of ash coating produce patterns and colors that even craftsmen cannot anticipate, resulting in tasteful pieces of which it is said no two are the same.
- ちなみに平成18年(2006年)5月に閉館した交通博物館のパノラマ模型運転コーナーの背景壁絵のリニューアルの際(平成14年・2002年)にも、銭湯のペンキ絵の絵師によって、富士山などを主体とした山々が連なるペンキ絵が描かれた。
- Incidentally, when renewing (in 2002) a background mural painting of a panoramic model train operation corner in the Transportation Museum (which was closed in May 2006), a row of mountains around Mt. Fuji was painted by an artist specializing in works for sento.
- 批判が高まってきたのを受けて、政府は日本酒級別制度に替わりうる品質本位の分類体系を模索し始め、平成2年(1990年)から「普通酒」「特定名称酒」など9種類の名称からなる日本酒分類を導入し、当初は旧来の級別制度と暫定的に併用した。
- In response to growing criticism, the government began to seek other quality-focused classification system to replace the Classification of Sake in the Liquor Tax Act, and in 1990, introduced a new sake classification composed of nine different class names such as 'Futsushu (standard sake)' and 'Tokutei meishoshu (special designation sake),' which was tentatively utilized in combination with the traditional classification system in the earliest years.
- この時期の有名な刀工として、山城の粟田口派の国吉、吉光、同国来派(らいは)の国行、来国俊、二字国俊(銘字を「来国俊」でなく単に「国俊」と切る)、相模国の新藤五国光、備前の福岡一文字派、備前長船派の光忠、備中国の青江一派が存在する。
- As famous swordsmith in this period, there were Kuniyoshi and Yoshimitsu of the Awataguchi school in Yamashiro, Kuniyuki, Rai Kunitoshi and Niji Kunitoshi (only 'Kunitoshi' was inscribed instead of 'Rai Kunitoshi' as signature) of Rai school also in Yamashiro, Shintogo Kunimitsu in Sagami Province, Fukuoka Ichimonji school in Bizen, Mitsutada of Bizen Osafune school and Aoe school of Bicchu Province.
- 愛媛県以外でも、奄美大島では「ナマトヌカヌシ」という牛神信仰祭があり、八角八足八尾の星形のまだら模様を無数にもつ牛の妖怪神(農耕神)が海から上がり、チャルメラのような大声で叫んで篝火の間を徘徊し、島人は地に頭をつけて迎えるという。
- Outside Ehime Prefecture, Amami-oshima Island has a religious rite based on the faith in Ushioni named 'Numatonukanushi,' in which a cow specter god (agricultural god) having eight hones, eight legs, eight tails, and numerous star-shaped spots comes ashore from the sea, wanders among bonfires with shouts in a loud voice similar to the voice of charumera (a shawm-like instrument played by street vendors) while people on the island welcome it by putting their heads on the ground.
- 一方関東地方や東北、九州南部などの地域においては、既に中央の統制下から離れた状態のまま、各地域内部において有力武家間の大規模な紛争が発生しており、この戦いとは全く無関係に戦乱状態に突入していた(関東については享徳の乱を参照のこと)。
- On the other hand, in some regions including Kanto, Tohoku and Southern Kyushu, large-scale conflicts had already begun among influential samurai families within individual territories already out of central control, and these areas were already in a state of war irrespective of the battle in and around the capital region (for further information on Kanto, see the article on Kyotoku Incident).
- 代表的な模様として「鮫」(紀州藩徳川氏)、「行儀」「角通し」(以上をまとめて「三役」という)、「松葉」(徳川氏)「御召し十」(徳川氏)「万筋」、「菊菱」(加賀藩前田氏)、「大小あられ」(薩摩藩島津氏)「胡麻柄」(佐賀藩鍋島氏)がある。
- The signature patterns are 'sharks' for the Tokugawa clan of the Kishu Domain, 'gyogi,' 'Kakutoshi,' (the above three patterns are called 'sanyaku' - the notable three), 'pine needles' for the Tokugawa clan, 'omeshiju' for Tokugawa clan, 'mansuji,' 'kikubishi' for the Maeda clan of the Kaga Domain, 'daisho arare' for the Shimazu clan of the Satsuma Domain, and 'gomagara' for the Nabeshima clan of Saga Domain.
- 2008年現在、北近畿では最大規模(売場面積:15,932㎡)の総合ショッピングセンター「らぽーる」(平成7年開業)や「バザールタウン舞鶴」(同11,874㎡、平成12年開業)、さとう舞鶴店(同7,703㎡)などが大型商業施設が立地。
- As of 2008, large commercial centers have been built, including 'La Port' (open in 1995) which is the largest scale of general shopping center in Kita Kinki (floor space: 15,932 square meters), 'Bazaar Town Maizuru' (floor space: 11,874 square meters, open in 2000), and Sato, Maizuru (floor space: 7,703 square meters).
- 朝倉氏に奪われた越前国吉崎御坊を取り戻すため何十回となく大規模な戦を起こしたり(九頭竜川の戦い)、一揆の拡大によって武家政権の基盤を脅かされることを恐れた織田信長や細川晴元ら権力者との争いを展開するなど戦国大名化して覇権を争ってもいる。
- The Ikko ikki initiated dozens of large-scale assaults (including the Battle of Kuzuryu-gawa River) in an attempt to restore their control over Yoshizaki-gobo Temple in Echizen Province, which had been usurped by the Asakura clan, and later, they fought with such powerful men as Nobunaga ODA and Harumoto HOSOKAWA, who had begun to fear that the sheer size of the Ikko riots (ikki) threatened to shake the very foundations of warrior rule; in the end, the Ikko ikki itself became somewhat analogous to Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period), and fought for hegemony over Japan.
- だが、江戸時代後期彦根藩などの保護を受けた他の琵琶湖湖畔の諸港の台頭、船主・漁民と農民・商人との利害対立による内紛(堀田氏の佐野移封と前後として農民と漁民の対立が大規模暴動に発展している)などがあり、徐々にその影響力を低下させていった。
- However, Katata gradually lost its power, owing to the rise of other domains surrounding Lake Biwa that were protected by some authorities such as the Hikone Domain in the late Edo period and internal conflicts between shipowners and fishermen and farmers and merchants (around the transfer of Hotta clan to Sano, the conflict between farmers and fishermen developed into a large-scale riot).
- さらに、市川猿之助 (3代目)は復活狂言を精力的に上演し、その中では一時的には蔑まれたケレンの要素を存分に復活させた(猿之助は、さらなる演劇形式としての歌舞伎を模索しスーパー歌舞伎と呼ばれる、より大胆な演出を強調した歌舞伎にも挑戦した)。
- And moreover, the third 'Ennosuke ICHIKAWA' energetically performed revived Kyogen, into which he fully reintroduced the factors of Keren that were once despised; Ennosuke sought to improve Kabuki as the theater, so he tried a much more boldly staged Kabuki, called Super Kabuki.
- 『東海道四谷怪談』の「隠亡掘の場」、『南総里見八犬伝』の「円塚山の場」、『花街模様薊色縫』(十六夜清心)の「百本杭の場」、『神明恵和合取組』(め組の喧嘩)の「八ツ山下の場」、『盲長屋梅加賀鳶』(加賀鳶)の「赤門前の場」などがこれにあたる。
- Such danmari include the 'Ombobori scene' in Tokaido Yotsuya Kaidan (Tokaido Yotsuya ghost stories), the 'Mount Maruzuka scene' in 'Nanso satomi hakken-den' (the story of the eight dog samurai and a princess of the Satomi family in the Nanso region), the 'Inasegawa Hyappongui scene' in 'Sato Moyo Azami no Ironui' (Izayoi Seishin), the 'Yatsuyamasita scene' in 'Kamino Megumi Wago no Torikumi' (Megumi no kenka (the fight of megumi), and the 'Akamonmae scene' in 'Mekuranagaya Umegakagatobi' (Kagatobi).
- 2005年あたりから台頭した「HM」や「ZARA」、「FOREVER21」などの世界的な規模(低価格・リアルクローズということで日本のユニクロと比較されるが、ユニクロよりも企業規模が大きい)の低価格衣料品チェーンを指して使われることが多い。
- It is often used to refer to global inexpensive clothes chains like 'HM,' 'ZARA,' 'FOREVER 21,' which emerged around 2005, (and they tend to be compared with UNIQLO of Japan, which deals with inexpensive real clothes, but their business scale is larger than UNIQLO).
- もっとも、律令制が衰微したこの時代においても最低限の社会秩序の維持は模索されたことから、治安・司法分野においては法律の専門家である明法家に対する需要は存在し続け、以後も明法道から刑部省や弾正台、検非違使などの官人が送り込まれることとなった。
- Though the system under the ritsuryo legal codes declined, minimum social order was sought, which required Myoho experts as the specialists of law in the field of order and justice and government officials who had studied Myohodo were sent to the ministries such as Gyobusho, Danjodai, Kebiishi.
- しかし写真もコピーもない当時、紙にしたためられている文字を写し取るには原本を見ながらの模写しか方法がない上、文献と違って書蹟は「文字の形」が重要なため、写すからにはそれ相応の技巧が必要になり、とても誰にでも出来るというような仕業ではなかった。
- Because in those days before photography and photocopy the only way to copy out characters written on paper is through looking at the original characters, and calligraphy, unlike documents, values 'shape of a character,' not everyone could possibly copy calligraphy with enough skills needed.
- 日露戦争において旅順要塞での戦闘に苦しめられた陸軍は、戦後、ロマン・コンドラチェンコによって築かれていた旅順要塞の堡塁を模倣し、永久堡塁 (習志野)と呼ばれた演習用構造物を陸軍習志野錬兵場内に構築、演習などを行い要塞戦の戦術について研究した。
- After the war, the Army which experienced difficulties in the siege of the Lushun Fortress constructed a replica of the Lushun Fortress constructed by Roman Kondratenko for military exercises called the 'permanent fortress,' and researched tactics for fortress warfare.
- なかでも、奥州藤原氏2代の藤原基衡が久安6年(1150年)から久寿3年(1156年)にかけて大規模な伽藍を建立したことで知られる毛越寺は、基衡夫妻および藤原秀衡によって整備され、壮麗な堂塔禅坊を誇り、往時の規模は中尊寺を上まわるほどであった。
- Above all, Motsu-ji Temple known for its big-scale Buddhist temple built by FUJIWARA no Motohira, the second generation of the Oshu-Fujiwara clan during the period from 1150 to 1156, was maintained by Motohira and his wife, and FUJIWARA no Hidehira; it boasted gorgeous temples, pagodas and so on and its scale was bigger than the Chuson-ji Temple at that time.
- 西本願寺に所蔵されるのは、平安時代(1110年頃)の原本が32帖、鎌倉時代の補写本が1帖(藤原兼輔)、江戸時代の補写本が4帖(人麻呂集上・下、在原業平集、小野小町集)、1929年(昭和4年)頃の田中親美(たなかしんび)の復元模写本が2帖である。
- Nishi Hongan-ji Temple possesses 32 books of original manuscript produced in the Heian period (around 1110), one book of supplemental manuscript (FUJIWARA no KANESUKE) produced in the Kamakura period, four books of supplemental manuscript (volume one and two of Hitomaro' Collection, ARIWARA no Narihira's Collection, ONO no Komachi's Collection) produced in the Edo period and two restored copied books drawn by Shinbi TANAKA around in 1929.
- この期間、国内税率を一律固定化する公田官物率法が導入されたり、小規模な名田に並行して広く領域的な別名が公認されるようになったり、大規模事業の財源として一国単位で一律に課税する一国平均役が成立するなど、社会構造に変革を及ぼすような政策がとられた。
- During this period, some policies, which affected the social structure, were developed: the Koden kanmotsu rippo, which fixed the domestic tax rate, was introduced; bechimyo (large territories including mountains and forests) was authorized alongside small-sized Myoden; Ikkoku heikinyaku (taxes and labor uniformly imposed on every private estate in one province) in order to get financial resources for large-scale projects.
- この中には、敵兵力に対して実力を行使するだけでなく、隣接勢力に対する嫌がらせの意味も含め、日常的な焼討ちや、食料を断つ“刈り働き”(あるいは“青田刈り”)も含まれており、結果として、そのエスカレーションが、大規模な軍事行動を誘引する面もあった。
- Not only applying raw power against the enemy's armed forces, but also day-to-day attacking and burning or 'karibataraki (to send a small group of soldiers to an opponent's territory to cut wheat and rice off their fields and take it back (a kind of tactic that was used during the Sengoku Period) ' (or 'aotagari (literally, cutting off rice plants while it is still green)') to cut out the supply of foods as a kind of harassment to the opponent are included in such conflicts and as a result, escalation from such conflicts led to a large-scale military operation
- 墳丘の築造にあたっては、盛り土部分を堅固にするため砂質土や粘性土を交互につき固める版築工法で築成されるものも多いこと、こうした工法は飛鳥時代や奈良時代に大規模な建物の基礎を固める工法として広く使用されていることが、修繕時の調査などで判明している。
- For construction of most tumulus, sandy soil and cohesive soil were alternately tamped down using method called the hanchiku method (a method of making the core of a podium), which was used to make the banking part harder, and according to surveys which were conducted during the repair of buildings of the Asuka and Nara periods, the method was generally used to develop a solid base of large buildings in ancient times.
- 応仁の乱以前に起源を持ち、大舩鉾の直前を巡行した大規模な曳山だったが、文政9年(1826年)に激しい夕立に遭って懸装品に甚だしい汚損を被ってしまい、休山していたところに元治元年(1864年)の蛤御門の変による大火で御神体と一部の懸装品を残して焼失。
- Takayama originated before the Onin War, and it was a giant-float parading the streets of Kyoto before 'Ofuneboko' (a different yamaboko), but in 1826 the ornaments of Takayama become grossly stained from the raindrops of a hard shower, so parading the float stopped and in 1864, a big fire broke out at 'Hamagurigomon no Hen' (the rebellion at the Hamaguri Gate) and burned the float except for some of it's ornaments and 'Goshintai' (object of worship in Shinto).
- The Taka yama originates before the Onin War; the Taka yama was a large-scale hikiyama (festival float) paraded just in front of the Ofune boko (decorative floats shaped after the vessel of Empress Jingu); the Taka yama was caught in a sudden heavy evening rain in 1826 causing great damage to the objects used for decoration; while being stored, the Taka yama was lost in fire caused by Conspiracy of Hamaguri-gomon Gate in 1864 except for the object of worship and some of the objects used for decoration.
- 石室の造営や石棺の製作と古墳の葺石および居館周濠の貼石などに大量の石材の使用と、大きな石材を積み上げ固い石を加工するといった技術がみられ、墳丘の造成に版築と呼ばれる工法が使用されたり、池溝の開作や築堤など大規模な土木工事が行われるようになっていた。
- Large scale use of building stones, techniques used to place huge stone blocks on top of each other and processing hard stone were applied to construct stone foundations, production of a sarcophagus and fuki-ishi (a stone covering an old tomb) were discovered, and a construction method called hanchiku (hard soil made using wooden frames) to make a hill tomb was discovered, and a large scale civil engineering such as making ponds, ditches, and embankments were carried out at the time.
- 贈答、祭(盆踊りなどで持って踊る)、縁起もの(縁日に売られる)、宣伝する(広告)、装う(おしゃれの小道具)、流行にのる(おしゃれ、描かれる模様)、狩る・追う(蛍狩り・追い、遊び)、選別(籾殻を、農耕)、火消し(火の粉を払う、村の共有品、大型のうちわ)
- It is also used as presents, a lucky charm (sold at a festival day), and used for enjoying festivals (enjoy dance holding it in Bon Festival Dance and other festivals), advertising, putting it on (as a fashion tool), following the current fashion (influenced by the pattern on the fan part), catching fireflies and driving insects away, sorting out paddy from rice husks, extinguishing fire (by fanning the sparks away, a large type was used).
- 尊氏は義詮を京に残して南朝との交渉を任せて直義追討のために出陣し、翌1352年(正平7年/観応3年)には直義を駿河国薩埵山(埵は漢字では土へんに「垂」、静岡県静岡市)、相模国早川尻(神奈川県小田原市)などの戦いで破って鎌倉に追い込み、直義を降伏させる。
- Takauji left Yoshiakira in Kyoto to be in charge of the negotiations with the Southern Court, and took forces to attack Tadayoshi, and in 1352, he defeated Tadayoshi at battles in Mt. Satta, Suruga Province (Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture) and Hayakawariji, Sagami Province (Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture) and chased him into Kamakura, where Tadayoshi surrendered.
- 低迷からの模索が図られ始めた昭和60年(1985年)ごろに、県内「福寿海」の中川酒造と「日置桜」の山根酒造場が、鳥取大学農学部に資料として残されていた一握りの種籾を譲り受け、農家の協力を得て復刻開始、平成2年(1990年)に醪一本分の収量を得るに到った。
- Around 1985, when efforts for recovery from stagnation began, Nakagawa Shuzo, the producer of 'Fukujukai' and Yamane Shuzojo, the producer of 'Hiokizakura,' both breweries being in Tottori Prefecture, were given a handful of seed rice that had been kept as materials in the Faculty of Agriculture at Tottori University and started their revival with cooperation by farmers; in 1990, the yield reached a quantity sufficient to produce a minimum unit of moromi.
- 奈良時代から平安時代初頭にかけての天皇陵は、土葬される例(聖武天皇)や、墳丘を作ったと思われる事例(桓武天皇)を経て、仏教思想の影響により、火葬の導入(持統天皇)や火葬後に散骨して大規模な造営を行わない事例(嵯峨天皇、淳和天皇)などが見られるようになる。
- Mausoleums built from the Nara to the early Heian periods include graves of emperors (e.g. Emperor Shomu) whose bodies were buried, graves with burial mounds (Emperor Kanmu), graves of emperors in later periods (Empress Jito) whose bodies were cremated due to the influence of Buddhism and graves of cremated emperors that were built without large-scale construction work (Emperors Saga and Junna).
- なお、「源氏物語絵巻」鈴虫第一段(五島美術館)に描かれる女性の装束はかつて「細長」とされ、裾の分かれた細長の形状を示す例とされていたが、近年科学調査に基づく復元模写作成過程で、裳をつけた袿姿であることが明らかになっている(『よみがえる源氏物語絵巻』NHK出版)。
- In the meantime, although the costume of a lady depicted in the chapter one of the roll of The Bell Cricket in 'Genji monogatari emaki' (the Illustrated Handscroll of the Tale of Genji) (in The Gotoh Museum) used to be thought as 'hosonaga' and it was an example of the shape of the clothes whereby the hem was separated, it turned out recently to be 'uchigi sugata with mo' and not hosonaga through reconstructing and reproducing work of the rolls based on scientific research ('Yomigaeru Genji Monogatari Emaki' (Reviving Illustrated Handscroll of the Tale of Genji, NHK Publishing).
- 近年では元横綱若乃花の花田勝が経営する株式会社ドリームアークが「Chanko Dining 若」というブランド名で全国規模どころか海外進出までをも果たし、さらには大相撲の懸賞の提供企業になるなどしており、2000年以降のこの業界では台風の目ともいえる存在になっている。
- In recent years, Dream Ark run by Masaru HANADA, the former yokozuna (sumo grand champion) Wakanohara succeeded in operating a chunko restaurant chain under the brand name of 'Chanko Dining Waka' on a nationwide scale as well as overseas, and have a presence as a influential in the industry since the year 2000 by offering sumo prize money.
- 特に小藩の大名陣屋では、園部城や菰野陣屋(三重県菰野町)のように幕末(明治元年)に至って天守に見立てた櫓や水堀、低い石垣や土塁を築いたり、森陣屋(大分県玖珠町)のように隣接する神社境内に石垣を多用したり、天守に見立てた2階建ての茶屋を建てるなど、城郭を模したものもあった。
- Especially the daimyo jinya of small domains were built in imitation of a castle, for example Sonobe-jo Castle and Komono Jinya (Komono-cho, Mie Prefecture) were constructed towards the end of the Edo period (1868) with a turret likened to a tenshu (main keep or tower of a castle), a mizubori (water-filled moat), low stone walls, and dorui (earthworks), and also Mori Jinya (Kusu Town, Oita Prefecture) had many stone walls in the adjacent shrine and a two-storied chaya (tea house) which was likened to a tenshu.
- 刀狩(かたながり、刀狩り)とは、百姓身分の者の帯刀権を剥奪する兵農分離政策で、特に安土桃山時代の1588年8月29日(天正16年7月8日 (旧暦))に豊臣秀吉が刀狩令(同時に海上賊船禁止令)を出して大規模に推進した政策を指す(ただし、刀狩を最初に行なったのは柴田勝家である。
- Katanagari (written as 刀狩 or 刀狩り) was a policy of heinobunri (separating warriors and peasants) which deprived those in the peasant class of their privilege of wearing swords, which highlighted the policy enacted by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI through the katanagari edict (at the same time, pirate ship interdiction) issued on August 29, 1588 in the Azuchi-Momoyama period (The first person who executed katanagari was Katsuie SHIBATA.
- 「条」とは、郡・郷よりさらに小さい規模の領域を示す単位であり、郡規模あるいはそれ以上の範囲に領域支配を展開する他の東国有力武士団である三浦氏・千葉氏・小山氏・秩父氏などは、どれも何代か前から多くの有力な一族を各地に分派させているが、北条氏にはそうした一族が少しもみられない。
- A 'jo' is a unit of area smaller than a 'gun' (county) or 'go' (village), and unlike other major armed groups in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) who ruled territories of 'gun' or larger area (e.g. the Miura, Chiba, Koyama and Chichibu clans) and had been scattering their powerful branch families across Togoku since generations before, the Hojo clan did not have any such branch families.
- ここであえて特筆すべきはこれら大手メーカーとは別に、比較的中規模から、家族経営のもの、原料の葡萄は農家や海外より全て買い入れて醸造だけを行うものまで、日本国内には数多くのワイン醸造業者があり、それぞれがそれぞれの経営・生産方針に則り、小規模ながらも多くの銘柄を産出しているということである。
- It is notable here that, aside from these large producers, there are a number of winemakers in Japan, from small to medium sized winemakers, family run winemakers to winemakers who purchase raw materials (grapes) from farmers or overseas and do only wine production and each winemaker follows its own management and production policies and produces many brands though they are small-sized.
- 市松人形の名前の由来としては、顔立ちが江戸時代中期の歌舞伎役者、佐野川市松に似ていたため市松人形と名付けられたと言う説、当時「市松」と言う子供が多かったので、子供の人形と言う意味合いで市松人形と呼ばれたと言う説、市松模様の衣装を着せて売られていたため、市松人形と名付けられたと言う説がある。
- There are three widely held explanations regarding the origin of the name of Ichimatsu ningyo; the name came from Ichimatsu SANOGAWA, a kabuki actor in the mid- Edo period, who resembles the doll in its face, the name carries the connotation of the doll for kids whose prevailing name at that time was 'Ichimatsu,' and it was named so because it was sold with a checkered pattern costume.
- この間に変ったことといえば、枡席の土台が木組みから鉄骨組みになったこと、そしてそれまで枡席では認められていた喫煙が平成17年 (2005) から全面禁止となり、枡席にあった煙草盆が姿を消したことぐらいなもので、今日目にする大相撲本場所の模様は、往時のそれとほとんど変わらないものとなっている。
- Comparisons between the atmosphere of the official grand sumo tournament today and that in olden times show that there have been no remarkable changes except for the wood-frame foundations of the masuseki being replaced with steel-frame foundations and the disappearance of the tabako-bon since smoking, which had been permitted in masuseki, was totally prohibited at stadiums by a regulation established in 2005.
- また、広義の場合には、豪族(大豪族)が中央から下ったか在地かはともかく、その地域で、数郡を支配する大勢力を有したのに対し、一般にその傘下にあるか、あるいは独立した在地の数村を支配する小規模の豪族である、地頭やその系譜をひく国人領主の家臣或いは被官たる者で地侍の主筋になる在地領主をも含む概念。
- In wider sense, while larger gozoku (local ruling families) had a large power to reign some counties in his assigned region whether he stayed in the center or the local, dogo was a retainer or hikan (low-level bureaucrat) of jito, who were usually smaller gozoku and reigned some villages which were under control of or independent from the larger gozoku, or kokujin ryoshu (local samurai lord) of the jito's linage, and even included zaichi-ryoshu (local lord) which was to be the main stream of jizamurai.
- また、祇園祭は1966年(昭和41年)まで「前祭」(7月17日)と「後祭」(7月24日)の2回に分けて山鉾巡行を行っていた経緯があり、「前祭」では山に加え豪華絢爛な鉾が多数巡行するのに対し、「後祭」では鉾の巡行が無く山のみの巡行で、小規模であることからこの諺が言われるようになったという説もある。
- In addition, it is also said that the proverb began based on the fact that before 1966 the Gion Matsuri Festival included the 'Saki no Matsuri' (an event before the main festival) (July 17) and the 'Ato no Matsuri' (July 24), each for the Yamahoko Junko: in the 'Saki no Matsuri,' a number of gorgeous decorative hoko floats as well as yama floats were paraded, whereas the 'Ato no Matsuri' had a smaller parade of only yama floats.
- 第二次世界大戦後には連合国軍最高司令官総司令部(GHQ)の指令に基づいて、皇室財産の国有化、皇族の財産に関する特権の停止などが決定され、敗戦後の窮乏した国家財政では従前の規模の皇室を維持できなくなったことから、秩父宮、高松宮、三笠宮の三直宮家を除く11宮家51人が皇族の身分を離れることとなった。
- After the World War Ⅱ, under the instruction of the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers, it was decided to stop having privileges of nationalization for Imperial estates or Imperial family's belongings, because under the poor financial situation after having lost the War, it was not possible to manage the former scale of Imperial family, the eleven Miyake, fifty one members were to leave their position as members of the Imperial family excluding three direct Miyake, Chichibunomiya, Takamatsunomiya, and Mikasanomiya.
- 近年の太鼓台では複数積み重ねた枠型をもちいて重ねた布団を模したものとなっており、これは近年の大型化にともない軽量化の必要性が生じたためと おもに市街での運行途中に電線や民家の屋根などとの接触を避けるため高所に警護の人員を配置せねばならなくなったことによるもので 近代~現代ならではの変化であるといえる。
- With the recent taikodai, it is just modern or present-day modifications to the taikodai that several piled frames, modeling the layered futon, are used for the necessity to lighten upsized taikodai, and to perch some guards on the top who prevent the taikodai from hitting the roof of private houses or electric wires on the way of parades in the urban areas.
- そもそも、これらの歴史的事件を評価するときに念頭に置いておかなければならないのは、受領層に対して闘争を行った百姓層とは決して受領の収奪にあえぐ零細な農民などではなく、隷属民や私兵を多数擁して地域支配や産業において莫大な利権を持ち、国衙と負名契約を結んでいた、農業など諸産業の大規模経営者であったということである。
- In evaluating these historical events, we should keep in mind that the farmer class refers not to poor farmers suffering from heavy taxes Zuryo collected but to large-scale managers of agriculture and other industries who had vested rights in the local community and industries with many subordinate people and private solders and had a contract with kokuga over fumyo.
- 小團次主演では、「都鳥廓白浪」(通称忍ぶの惣太)(1854)・「鼠小紋東君新形」(通称 鼠小僧)(1857)・「網模様燈籠菊桐」(通称 小猿七之助)(1857)・「小袖曽我薊色縫」(通称 十六夜清心)(1859)・「三人吉三廓初買」(通称 三人吉三)(1860)・「船打込橋間白浪」(通称 鋳掛け松)(1866)。
- Below are the Shiranami plays in which Kodanji played the leading role: 'Miyakodori nagareno shiranami' (commonly called 'Shinobuno Sota') (1854), 'Nezumikomon haruno shingata' (commonly called 'Nezumi kozo') (1857), 'Amimoyo torono kikukiri' (commonly called 'Kozaru Shichinosuke') (1857), 'Kosode soga azamino ironui' (commonly called 'Izayoi Seishin') (1859), 'Sannin Kichisa kuruwano hatsugai' (commonly called 'Sannin Kichisa) (1860), 'Fune e uchikomu hashimano shiranami' (commonly called 'Ikakematsu') (1866).
- 東京、横浜、大阪、神戸の四都市に本社をおく財閥を中央財閥、その他を地方財閥と定義されるが、西宮に本社を持つ辰馬財閥のようにその規模や活動範囲からみても中央財閥としての風格を持つものもあるため、全国的規模の企業活動を行っていた財閥を中央財閥、各地域に限定された企業活動を行っていた財閥を地方財閥と分類することができる。
- A central zaibatsu is generally defined as a zaibatsu whose headquarters are located in Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka or Kobe, while local zaibatsu are the other zaibatsu; however, there are some zaibatsu whose size and range of activities are as great as those of the central zaibatsu - such as Tatsuuma Zaibatsu - and thus central zaibatsu can also be defined as a zaibatsu that has developed nationwide corporate activities; contrastingly, a zaibatsu that has developed activities limited to a specific area can be defined as a local zaibatsu.
- 財閥(ざいばつ)とは、財閥解体以前の非常に大きい独占的な資本家または企業の事であるが、一般的には、家族または同族によって出資された親会社(持株会社)が中核となり、それが支配している諸会社(子会社)に多種の産業を経営させている企業集団であって、大規模な子会社はそれぞれの産業部門において寡占的地位を占めると定義される。
- The word Zaibatsu means a tremendous exclusive capitalist or enterprise of the pre-disposition of the era of financial cliques, but generally it is defined as a business group in which a parent company (holding company) capitalized by a family or its kinship forms the core of the group and has its subsidiaries run a variety of businesses, some of which hold monopoly positions in their respective fields or industries.
- これは唐の国子監に置かれた算学と同数であり、教授として博士1名以外に助教2名及び複数名の直講が置かれて、学生も400名もいた本科と比べると小さいものの、唐の国子監の規模は日本の大学寮と比べて大きいこと、唐の算学博士は従九品下と低い地位に置かれたことを考えれば、設置当初の地位は一概に低いとは言えなかったとされている。
- These numbers are the same as those of the Sangaku (study of mathematics) in the Kokushikan (educational ministry) of Tang Dynasty, China, which had one doctor as professor, two associate professors, and a few chokko (lecturers); while the Sando was smaller than the regular course, which had four hundred students, it is thought not to have been categorically in a low position during its early days, considering that the Tang's Kokushikan was larger than the Japanese Daigaku-ryo, and that the Tang's San hakase was put in the low position of Jukuhonge (Junior Ninth Rank, Lower Grade).
- ただし、御会始そのものは室町時代に中絶しており、『晴和歌御会作法故実』(著者不明であるが、霊元上皇書写の国立歴史民俗博物館所蔵本がある)という書物によれば、後円融天皇の永和 (日本)年間の和歌御会始を模範として後柏原天皇が明応10年(文亀元年/1501年)正月の月次歌会を独立した儀式として執り行ったことが記されている。
- Although Gokaihajime itself ceased to be held in the Muromachi period, Emperor Gokashiwabara held a monthly poetry reading as an independent ceremony on New Year's Day in 1501 on the model of waka gokaihajime during the Eiwa era of the Emperor Goenyu's reign, according to 'seiwa utagokai saho kojitsu' (Ancient Practices of New Year Imperial Poetry Reading Party Manner.) (Its author is unknown, but a copy of the book hand written by the Retired Emperor Reigen is possessed by National Museum of Japanese History.)
- しかし、河内源氏の「棟梁の系譜」を考えるならば、石川源氏は河内源氏の本領の石川荘を相続しているとはいえ源義時の末裔でしかなく地方武士団の規模を出ず、細々と先祖伝来の本拠地の領地を守っていただけの石川源氏やその後継の石川氏は河内源氏の流れを汲む地方源氏の一つとは言えても、河内源氏そのものの名に値するのかという反論がある。
- However, taking consideration of the 'lineage of the family leader', Ishikawa-Genji is just a descendant of MINAMOTO no Yoshitoki even though Ishikawawa-Genji inherited Ishikawa manor, the main domain of Kawachi-Genji, and they remained to be a local samurai group, it can be said that the Ishikawa-Genji and its descendant, Ishikawa clan, who protected the inherited main domain on a reduced scale, is one of local Genji descended from Kawachi-Genji, but it is arguable whether it deserves the name of Kawachi-Genji.
- 欠史八代を史実の反映と見る立場からは、書紀の記述によると、神武天皇が畿内で即位後は畿内周辺の狭い領域のことしか出てこないが、崇神天皇の代になって初めて、日本の広範囲の出来事の記述が出てくるので、神武天皇から開化天皇までは畿内の地方政権の域を出ず、崇神天皇の代になって初めて日本全国規模の政権になったのではと考える説もある。
- Descriptions in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki after the enthronement of Emperor Jinmu are limited to the Kinai region (region around Kyoto and Nara) and its surrounding areas until Emperor Sujin, after whose enthronement descriptions of events in various other areas in Japan appear. Based on these descriptions, some of those who regard the eight undocumented generations of emperors as genuine historical figures argue that the ancient Yamato government was a local power during the period between Emperor Jinmu and Emperor Kaika and established its power nationwide only in the generation of Emperor Sujin.
- そして、同年同月、伝統派空手に疑問を抱き、独自の理論で直接打撃制の空手試合を模索していた極真会館創始者の大山倍達(おおやま ますたつ)によって、防具を一切着用しない、素手、素足の直接打撃制(足技以外の顔面攻撃禁止制)による第1回オープントーナメント全日本空手道選手権大会が代々木の東京体育館で開催され空手界に一大旋風を巻き起こした。
- That same month, Masutatsu OYAMA, the founder of Kyokushin Kaikan, who, having become skeptical of traditional-style karate, was pursuing the realization of karate tournaments under direct-attack rules based on his own philosophy, generated a great buzz throughout the karate realm by hosting the first Open Tournament All Japan Karatedo Championships at Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Yoyogi, whereby contestants, who were prohibited from wearing any protective gear, fought with bare hands and bare feet under direct-attack rules (attacks to the face were prohibited, except with kicking).
- 平安時代前期の「延喜弾正台式」の記述によれば、「白玉の腰帯は三位以上か四位の参議まで着用可能、玳瑁(タイマイ/鼈甲)・瑪瑙・斑犀(サイの角とあるが普通は牛の角で代用)・象牙・沙魚皮(サメ皮の事だが装束ではエイ皮を指すことが多い)・紫檀は五位通用、紀州産の石に模様を彫ったもの、定摺の石は参議以上、金銀を捺した筋彫りや唐の帯は五位以上。
- According to 'Engi Danjodai Shiki' (The Rule of the Board of Censors) of the early Heian Period, there were many rules: 'Waistbands with white gems can be worn by those of Third Rank or higher or sangi (councilors) of the Fourth Rank, waistbands with tortoiseshell, agate, rhinoceros horn (said to be rhinoceros horn, but bull's horns were usually used), ivory, sharkskin (said to be sharkskin, but the skin of a ray was often used for costumes) or rosewood can be worn by officials of the Fifth Rank for everyday use, stones of teizuri, which are stones of Kishu (now Wakayama Prefecture) origin on which patterns were engraved, can be worn by sangi (councilors) or higher, and sujibori (carving thin lines with sharp implements) on which gold or sliver is stamped, and Chinese belts can be worn by officials of Fifth Rank or higher.'
- 1606年にはミコワイ・ゼブジドフスキをリーダーとしたカトリックとプロテスタントの両派からなる有力貴族たちのグループが、民主主義を廃止して絶対主義を確立しようと画策する国王ジグムント3世とそれを後押しするイエズス会に対して、黄金の自由と宗教的寛容(プロテスタントの権利の保護)の2つを求めて大規模なロコシュを起こした(ゼブジドフスキの乱)。
- In 1606, a group comprising both Catholics and Protestants, which had Mikołaj Zebrzydowski as its leader, formed a grand-scale rokosz against King Sigismund III, who intended to establish a monarchy in place of democracy, and the Society of Jesus, which supported him, appealing for Golden Liberty and religious tolerance (protection of Protestant rights); this is known as the Zebrzydowski's Rebellion.
- 裁判では、食文化の一つである(と主張する)どぶろくを、憲法で保障された人権における幸福追求権において、自家生産・自家消費する事の是非に始まって、「酒税法上で設けられた様々な制限が、事実上において大量生産が可能な設備を保有できる大資本による酒類製造のみを優遇し、小規模の酒類製造業が育たないようにしている」という前田側の主張がクローズアップされている。
- This Trial argued the rights and wrongs of in-house production/consumption of Doburoku, which is (insisted as) one of food cultures, in constitutionally-guaranteed right to pursue happiness, and highlighted the Maeda' claim that 'various restrictions in the Liquor Tax Act actually favor only alcoholic liquor manufacturers with large capital that can possess equipment enabling large-scale production and prevent the development of small-scale alcoholic liquor manufacturers.'
- 1339年(延元4年/暦応2年)に後醍醐天皇が死去すると親房が南朝の指導的人物となるが、親房が1354年(正平9年/文和3年)に死去すると南朝はまた衰微し、幕府内での抗争で失脚した細川清氏が楠木正儀らと南朝に帰順して一時は京都を占拠するものの1367年(正平22年/貞治6年)に敗れ、以降は大規模な南朝の攻勢もなくなり、足利義詮時代には大内弘世や山名時氏なども帰服する。
- When Emperor Godaigo passed away in 1339, Chikafusa became the de facto leader of the Southern Court, but when Chikafusa himself died in 1354, the Southern Court again fell into decline; having lost the internal power struggle within the Ashikaga shogunate, Kiyouji HOSOKAWA switched allegiance to Masanori KUSUNOKI and the Southern Court and together managed to briefly occupy Kyoto, but in 1367 they were defeated, and thereafter the Southern Court lost its large-scale military might, and even suffered the loss of Hiroyo OUCHI and Tokiuji YAMANA, who submitted to the shogunate during the rule of Shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA.
- 14世紀から18世紀まで存在したヨーロッパ史有数の巨大国家であるポーランド・リトアニア連合(俗に「ポーランド」と呼ばれる)では、「黄金の自由」と呼ばれた貴族民主主義の政治システムの体制下で、国王(すなわち中央政府)と大貴族(マグナート)たち、国王と貴族(シュラフタ)たち、ポーランド国会(セイム)と一部の少数派貴族たちの間で利害の対立が深刻化した際にしばしば大規模な強訴が発生した。
- The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth magnate, which existed from the 14th century to the 18th century and was one of the greatest nations in the history of Europe, often experienced large-scale goso when conflicts of interests intensified between the King (the central government) and the major nobles (magnate), the King and the nobles (szlachta), and the parliament (Sejm) and some of the minor nobles.
- 国司は中央政府から検田権を委譲されると、治田(ちでん、田堵の開発した小規模の墾田)や公験(くげん、正式に土地所有を認めた文書)のない荘園・私領(郡司・郷司など在地領主の所領)を次々に没収して国衙領に組み入れ、税収を確保しようとした(この権限が強かったことは、若狭国にあった摂関家の荘園が国司に接収された際に関白藤原頼通が国司に公験不備を指摘されると、国司の判断を妥当とした(『小右記』万寿2年9月1日・13日条)ことでも明らかである)。
- When the right of cadastral surveys was transferred to kokushi from the central government, the shoens and private lands (lands of local lords such as gunji (district managers), goji (a local government official under the ritsuryo system) and so on) without chiden (small scale land already developed by tato) or kugen (official documents authorized by kokushi or gunji (local magistrates) for transfer of the ownership of private property) were confiscated one after another into kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) in order for them to secure tax revenue (it is clear that this authority was strong because when the shoen of sekkan-ke in Wakasa Province was confiscated by kokushi and it was pointed out that FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, the chief adviser to the emperor, was wrong in kugen, the judgment of kokushi was justified (in the description on September 1 and 13, 1025 in 'Shoyuki' (Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke)).
- 当初、こうした政策は元寇などによって混乱する社会秩序の回復を図りたい鎌倉幕府の政策と軌を一にするもの(安達泰盛による幕政改革も「弘安徳政」と呼ばれている)であったが、やがて徳政の本格化とともに朝廷の威信回復の考えが旧体制(鎌倉幕府以前への)復帰を模索する動きに結び付けられるようになると、鎌倉幕府は皇位継承における両統迭立政策を名目とした政治介入を行い、亀山・伏見両上皇の院政停止を行った事から朝幕間に緊張状態を生み、やがて後醍醐天皇の親政に至ってついに鎌倉幕府に対する討幕運動へと転化することになったのである。
- Initially, these reforms were in agreement with the Kamakura bakufu's policies to recover public order after confusion due to Mongolian attempts to invade Japan, etc. (the bakufu reforms by Yasumori ADACHI are also called 'Koan-Tokusei'), but when the scale of tokusei was enlarged and consideration of reversion to the old system (before the Kamakura bakufu) became linked with the idea of recovering the authority of the Imperial Court, the Kamakura bakufu used Ryoto tetsuritsu policies for the Imperial succession as a reason to intervene politically and terminated the cloistered governments of Retired Emperors Kameyama and Fushimi, causing tension between the bakufu and the Imperial Court, leading to Emperor Godaigo's direct governance, which eventually transformed into the movement to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu.