構造: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 構造
- structure
- construction
- formation
- constitution
- architecture
- anatomy
- cadre
- fabric
- makeup
- The building structure
- Structures
- The structure
- Structure of the castle
- geometry
- conformation
- 駅構造
- Station layout
- Station structure
- The station's structure
- 構造的
- structural
- structurally
- 構造素
- constituent
- structural element
- 構造体
- structure
- Object composition
- Struct (C programming language)
- 構造線
- tectonic line
- geotectonic line
- structural line
- 構造色
- structural color
- Iridescence
- 構造式
- structural formula
- constitutional formula
- constitutional formulae
- structural formulae
- 構造型
- derived type
- structured type
- 構造壁
- foundation wall
- structural wall
- 構造物
- structure
- construction
- works
- 殻構造
- shell structure (nuclear physics)
- shell-structure
- 構造材質
- Materials of construction
- 楽式構造
- Music form structure
- 矢の構造
- The structure of bow
- 政権構造
- Structure of the government
- 船体構造
- The structure of the hull
- 四次構造
- quaternary structure
- Protein quaternary structure
- 分子構造
- molecular structure
- Molecular geometry
- 非構造的
- nonstructural
- nonstructurally
- 二次構造
- secondary structure
- Protein secondary structure
- 生産構造
- productive structure
- 概念構造
- conceptual structure
- 依存構造
- dependency structure
- 回文構造
- palindrome
- palindromic
- 網目構造
- meshwork
- anastomosis
- network structure
- 根粒構造
- root nodule structure
- 三次構造
- tertiary structure
- Protein tertiary structure
- 最密構造
- close-packed structure
- 高次構造
- conformation
- higher order structure
- 構造異性
- structural isomerism
- 構造化学
- structural chemistry
- 塊状構造
- angular structure
- blocky s.
- blocky structure
- 機能構造
- functional structure
- 認識構造
- recognition structure
- ピン構造
- pin connected structure
- pin-connected construction
- 地殻構造
- geotectonics
- geotectonic a-no
- 構造改革
- restructuring
- structural reform
- restructuring and reform
- 構造記述
- structural description
- 産業構造
- industrial structure
- 構造保持
- structure preserving
- 構造変化
- structural change
- structural alteration
- 構造不況
- structural recession
- 一次構造
- primary structure (e.g. of a protein)
- primary structures
- Protein primary structure
- 下部構造
- substructure
- infrastructure
- undercarriage
- substructural
- 化学構造
- chemical structure
- chemical constitution
- 結晶構造
- crystal structure
- crystalline structure
- 構造汚職
- structural corruption
- 計算構造
- computation structure
- 階層構造
- layered structure
- hierarchical structure
- class structure
- a layered structure
- hierarchy diagram
- 基底構造
- deep structure
- underlying structure
- 構造力学
- structural mechanics
- Structural engineering
- 積層構造
- laminated construction
- 静定構造
- statically determinate structure
- 構造格子
- structured mesh (grid)
- 構造指数
- structural index
- structure index
- 特徴・構造
- Features and structure
- 発祥と構造
- Origin and Structure
- 用語と構造
- Terms and structure
- 物理的構造
- Physical structure of the shakuhachi
- 楽器の構造
- Structure of the shakuhachi
- 竹垣の構造
- Structure of takegakis
- 構造と用途
- Structure and intended purpose
- 立地・構造
- Geographical aspects and structures
- Location and Structure
- 構造・規模
- Structure and Scale
- 構造と特徴
- Structure and feature
- 低迷の構造
- Structure of the slump
- 不規則構造
- unordered structure
- 超微細構造
- ultrastructure
- hyperfine structure
- 超二次構造
- supersecondary structure
- 句構造標識
- phrase-marker
- P-marker
- phrase marker
- 地質構造線
- tectonic line
- tectonics
- geotectonic line
- structural line
- 構造特異性
- structural specificity
- 高次構造的
- conformational
- conformationally
- 構造異性体
- constitutional isomer
- structural isomer
- 縞状鉄構造
- Banded iron formation
- 海岸構造物
- seacoast (seashore) environment
- 仮設構造物
- temporary structure
- temporary works
- 河川構造物
- hydraulic structure
- river structure
- 横断構造物
- cross-drainage work
- drainage crossing
- 構造的面接
- structured interview
- 永久構造物
- pemanent works
- permanent structure
- permanent structures
- 構造体参照
- structure reference
- 構造体成分
- structure component
- 構造体変数
- structured variable
- 構造改革論
- structural reform theory
- 構造言語学
- structural linguistics
- 構造化分析
- Structured Analysis
- SA
- 子孫構造体
- descendant structure
- 構造体保管
- structure archiving
- 構造的失業
- structural unemployment
- 構造表記法
- structured notation
- 化学構造式
- chemical structural formula
- シェル構造
- shell construction
- Thin-shell structure
- データ構造
- data structure
- Data structures
- 海洋構造物
- offshore structure
- ocean rig
- 構造化言語
- structured language
- 構成素構造
- constituent structure
- 句構造文法
- phrase structure grammar
- PSG
- 句構造規則
- phrase structure rule
- 階層木構造
- hierarchical tree structure
- 柔構造設計
- structure softening design
- 構造モデル
- structure development model
- structural model
- 構造健全性
- structural integrity
- 構造信頼性
- structural reliability
- 知的構造物
- intelligent structure
- 能舞台の構造
- Structure of Noh stage
- 弓と矢の構造
- The structure of the bow and arrow
- 幕藩制構造論
- Bakuhansei Kozo ron (a theory of structure of shogunate system)
- βバレル構造
- beta-barrel structure
- 基本的な構造
- Basic structure of taikodai
- イデオム構造
- fixed phrase constructions
- トランス構造
- trans configuration
- 超微細構造的
- ultrastructural
- ultrastructurally
- ドメイン構造
- domain structure
- domain architecture
- 条件素性構造
- conditional feature structure
- 基本素性構造
- basic feature structure
- 構造的類似性
- structural parallelism
- structural similarity
- 構造活性相関
- structure activity relationship
- structure activity correlation
- structure-activity relationship
- structure-activity correlation
- 火山構造盆地
- volcano-tectonic basin
- 交通用構造物
- access structures
- accommodation structures
- communication structures
- 結晶格子構造
- crystal-lattice makeup
- 構造的調査票
- completely structured questionnaire
- 半構造的面接
- semi-structured interview
- 非構造的面接
- unstructured interview
- 等位構造制約
- Coordinate Structure Constraint
- 述語・項構造
- predicate-argument structure
- はちの巣構造
- honeycomb structure
- 引入れ構造物
- inlet control
- inlet structure
- 構造体識別子
- structure identifier
- 構造体取出し
- structure retrieval
- 構造型符号化
- constructed encoding
- 構造構成主義
- structural constructivism
- ラーメン構造
- Rahmen
- rigid-frame structure
- rigid frame
- 押し被せ構造
- overthrust structure
- decken structure
- ハニカム構造
- honeycomb construction
- honeycomb structure
- 共通論理構造
- generic logical structure
- 航空機の構造
- aircraft structure
- 構造用接着剤
- structural adhesive
- オーバレイ構造
- overlay structure
- 矢筒や箙の構造
- The structure of yazutsu or ebira (quiver to hold arrows)
- 日本の城の構造
- Structures of castles in Japan
- 日本社会の構造
- Structure of Japanese Society
- 駅構造(予定)
- Station layout (planned)
- 種類・構造など
- Type and structure
- 構造・線路配置
- Structure and track allocation
- 一般句構造文法
- GPSG
- Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar
- 主辞-埋語構造
- head-filler-structure
- 格関係的な構造
- transistive structure
- 構造主義言語学
- structural linguistics
- 主辞-補語構造
- head-complement-structure
- 依存関係木構造
- syntactic dependency tree
- 産業構造審議会
- Industrial Structure Council
- 間節構造腹起し
- articulating wales
- 河川横断構造物
- cross-river structure
- 構造改善対策官
- Director for Managerial Improvement
- 橋梁鋼構造工事
- bridge steel work
- 半構造的調査票
- semi-structured questionnaire
- 非構造的調査票
- completely unstructured questionnaire
- 構造体中央記憶
- centralized structure store
- 構造化照会言語
- SQL
- Structured Query Language
- ポスト構造主義
- poststructuralism
- Post-structuralism
- パネル構造建築
- panel construction
- ストレージ構造
- storage structure
- テンション構造
- tension structure
- 共通割付け構造
- generic layout structure
- 縦ろっ骨式構造
- longitudinal (framing) system
- 柔軟構造物制御
- flexible structure control
- 大型宇宙構造物
- large space structure
- 多荷重経路構造
- multiple load path structure
- 世襲的な社会構造
- Hereditary social structure
- テキスト構造知識
- text structure knowledge
- 一般化句構造文法
- generalized phrase structure grammar
- シナプトネマ構造
- synaptonemal complex
- X線結晶構造解析
- X ray crystallography
- コンセンサス構造
- consensus structure
- 細胞膜裏打ち構造
- plasmalemmal undercoat
- 階層システム構造
- hierarchical system structure
- 火山構造性陥没地
- volcano-tectonic depression
- 監視(構造物の)
- surveillance (of works)
- 幾何構造設計基準
- geometric design standard
- フルームの構造物
- flumed structure
- ドイツ型構造運動
- germanotype tectonics
- 構造体状態リスト
- structure state list
- 糸魚川静岡構造線
- Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line
- 一般化構造体要素
- generalized structure element
- ネットワーク構造
- network structure
- ディレクトリ構造
- directory structure
- 構造化プログラム
- structured program
- 階層的構造分析法
- hierarchical structural analysis
- 鎌倉幕府の統治構造
- Governing Structure of the Kamakura Bakufu
- 制限付き構造化計画
- constraint structured planning
- 構造的な意味の単位
- Unit which expresses meaning
- 河川構造物改築事業
- River structure reconstruction projects
- 述部構造の書き替え
- rewriting verb phrases
- その他の付属構造物
- other ancillary structures
- フラットスラブ構造
- flat slab construction
- flat slab structure
- ゲルマン型構造運動
- germanotype tectonics
- アルプス型構造運動
- alpinotype tectonics
- 構造体ネットワーク
- structure network
- 構造調整プログラム
- structural adjustment programs
- 主辞駆動句構造文法
- head-driven phrase structure grammar
- HPSG
- 三十三間堂構造参照。
- Please refer to the heading 'Consruction' in the article concerning 'Sanjusangen-do Hall.'
- 大型和船の上部構造。
- This term refers to the upper structure of a large Japanese-style ship.
- 海底地質構造図(水)
- submarine structural chart
- 角柱状構造(土壌の)
- prismatic structure
- 河川管理施設等構造令
- 'Cabinet Order concerning Structural Standards
- 河川工作物(構造物)
- river structure
- 堅果状構造(土壌の)
- nutty structure
- 建設業構造改善対策官
- Director for Development of the Construction Industry
- 軽量コンクリート構造
- 'light-weight aggregrate
- 円柱状構造(土壌の)
- columnar structure
- 構造化問い合わせ言語
- structured query language
- SQL
- レコード内データ構造
- intra-record data structure
- ファイルアクセス構造
- file access structure
- 構造化プログラミング
- structured programming
- 望ましい農業構造の確立
- Establishment of Desirable Agriculture
- エックス線結晶構造解析
- X ray crystallography
- X-ray crystallography
- 給水装置の構造及び材質
- structure and material of water service installation
- 構造が確認できる現存天守
- Genzon Tenshu, of which structure can be identified
- 道路構造令:第1種第3級
- Government Order on Road Design Standards: Type 1, Class 3
- コンクリートブロック構造
- concrete block construction
- 横穴墓の構造と壁画について
- Structure of a horizontal cave tomb and mural paintings
- 構造は本屋より簡素である。
- Its structure is simpler than that of the primary roof.
- 横断面図(内部構造を示す)
- cross section
- 型枠コンクリートブロック構造
- fill-up concrete block structure
- ドレーンシステム(構造物の)
- draingages system (for structrue)
- ドレ-ンシステム(構造物の)
- drainage system (for a structure)
- 矢の構造の詳細は「矢」を参照。
- For structural details of the arrow, see the article on the 'Arrow.'
- 弓の構造(飛距離・引き手の力)
- The structure of Yumiya (flying distance and the puller)
- 弓の構造の詳細は「和弓」を参照。
- For structural details of the bow, see the article on the 'Japanese bow.'
- 駅は2面4線の構造になっている。
- This station has two platforms and four tracks.
- 木構造 (建築)二階建(三棟)。
- There are three two-storied wooden buildings (construction) (three buildings).
- 構造- 地上3層・5階、地下1階建
- Structure: three tiers and five stories above ground and one basement
- ドーム状の構造物の上に相輪をもつ。
- It has a Sorin (metal pinnacle) on a domy structure.
- 構造:地上9階・地下3階(31m)
- Structure: 9 stories above ground: 3 stories below ground (to a depth of 31 m)
- 「段」構造を成しているものが多い。
- Most tegoto has the structure of 'stages.'
- 建物構造は掘立柱や礎石建ちの二種。
- Building structures of the Kokuga were restricted to two types of architectural methods: Hottate bashira and soseki dachi (a structure built with a stone foundation).
- それぞれの構造や特徴を以下に示す。
- Each structure and feature are shown below:
- 増水時に橋桁が流される構造で有名。
- This bridge is famous for having bridge girders which wash away when the river water increases.
- 古墳の主体部は複室構造の横穴式石室。
- The main part of the tumulus is structured into multiple horizontal stone chambers.
- 西洋楽器のオーボエに近い構造である。
- Its' structure is similar to the western oboe.
- 簡素な構造による微妙な音色の演奏表現
- Artistic expression with a simple structure of delicate tones
- 構造:鉄骨造+鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造
- Structure: steel-frame, steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) structure
- 反発の構造―「文明」と「野蛮」の間―
- Structure of Opposition: between 'Civilization' and 'Barbarism'
- 内部構造まで省略せずに造られている。
- The pagoda was constructed so sophisticatedly that even internal structure was far from being simplified.
- 江戸時代初期に城郭構造に改修された。
- The temple was converted into a castle-like structure during the early Edo period.
- 構造のなかの空隙などがポイントとなる。
- The point is the gaps that exist in the structure.
- 祇園造の構造は、入母屋造・平入である。
- The structure of Gion-zukuri consists of the Irimoya-zukuri style (hip-and-gable roof) and hirairi (the entrance to a building constructed parallel to the ridge of the roof, usually on the long side of building).
- 構造木造2階建、瓦葺、建築面積248㎡
- Structure: Two-storey wooden building, kawara tile roofing, 248 square meters
- Two-storied building built with wood, tiled roof, space of the building: 248 square meters
- これは一般に扠首(さす)構造と呼ばる。
- This is generally called the sasu structure.
- 九鬼周造『「いき」の構造』 1930年
- 'The Structure of 'chic'' by Shuzo KUKI, 1930
- 「スコポレチン」ノ構造論(前稿ノ續キ)
- The Theory of the Structure of 'Scopoletin' (continuation of the last article)
- 麹をつくりやすい構造をしているかいなか。
- Whether or not rice has a structure that allows the easy production of koji
- 土居健郎『甘えの構造』弘文堂 1973年
- 'The Anatomy of Dependence' by Takeo DOI, Kobundo Publishers Inc., 1973
- 土居健郎『続「甘え」の構造』 2001年
- 'The Anatomy of Dependence Revisited' by Takeo DOI, 2001
- 駅構造、配線等は現在とほぼ同じであった。
- The structure of the station and arrangement of tracks were nearly what they are today.
- 墳丘の全長は34mで2段構造になっている。
- The full length of the burial mound is 34 meters and it has a two-tier structure.
- 構造設計は京都大学工学部建築学教室による。
- The main structure was designed by the Architecture Laboratory of the Engineering Department of Kyoto University.
- 構造・規模― SRC造、地上2階・地下1階
- Structure and scale - SRC structure, 2 floors above ground and the first basement level.
- 3面5線の構造で、紀勢本線と接続している。
- The station has three platforms and five tracks, and the line connects with the Kisei Main Line at this station.
- 天井を張らずに構造材をそのまま見せている。
- There are no ceilings, allowing the structure of the roof to be seen.
- 詳細は平野駅 (JR西日本)駅構造を参照。
- See the structure of Hirano Station (JR West Japan) for details.
- 上記「構造」の項で説明したような男物の袴。
- Men's hakama as described in the above section, 'Structure.'
- ハイパメディア及び時間依存情報の構造化言語
- Hypermedia
- Time-based Structuring Language
- HyTime
- 構造:鉄骨補強煉瓦石造、地上2階(地下1階)
- Structure: built of bricks and stone reinforced by steel-frames; two stories above the ground and a one story basement.
- それがヒトの女性ホルモンと類似の構造を持つ。
- It has a structure that is similar to that of human female sex hormones.
- 神明造の構造は、掘建柱・切妻造・平入である。
- The shinmei-zukuri style uses hottate bashira (earthfast posts), has a kirizuma-zukuri style roof (an architectural style with a gabled roof) and hira-iri (the style of buildings which have the entrance on the long side of the buildings).
- 2面4線の構造で近鉄道明寺線も発着している。
- This station has two platforms and four tracks, and the trains of Kintetsu Domyoji Line depart from and arrive at this station.
- 駅構造は途中駅(交換可能駅)の面持ちである。
- This station has the appearance of a way station, at which the up train and down train can pass each other.
- 譜の基本的な構造は藤田流、春日流などに近い。
- The basic structure of their scores is similar to the structures of the Fujita and the Shunnichi schools.
- 凝灰岩の切石を用いた胴張複室構造の石室である。
- The stone chamber with a structure called the Dohari-fukushitsu-kozo was constructed using cut tuff stones.
- 前弾き - 前唄 - 手事 - 後唄の楽式構造
- The musical form of introduction - first vocal section - instrumental intermezzo - second vocal section.
- 精霊船も水に浮かぶような構造にはなっていない。
- Shorobune are no longer made to float on water.
- われわれはさらに、地すべり構造の解明を進める。
- We advance the understanding of the structure of landslides.
- しかし、石室の構造や築造時期など共通点が多い。
- However, they have many things in common, such as the structure of the stone chamber and the age of construction.
- 大社造と同様に、通風性を重視した床が高い構造。
- The structure has a high floor, giving consideration to air permeability as in the case of taisha-zukuri style.
- この指摘が大和民族多重構造説の元となっている。
- This generated the multiple structure theory of the Yamato race.
- この3つの形態は集落構造の変遷に対応している。
- This three classification system describes changing community structures.
- 中心部の酒米構造(しんぱく)だけになっていく。
- In the end only shinpaku (the center structure of sake-brewing-rice) is left.
- 構造は中央の母屋の東西南北に庇を付した形になる。
- The Shishinden has Moya (an enclosed main room) in the center and a hisashi (an unenclosed veranda) to the north, south, east and west of the Moya.
- その結果政界構造が変化して支持基盤を失っていた。
- As a result, balance among the political powers changed and Ryoshun lost his support base.
- 構造は単衣、打衣、表衣と全く変わらない物である。
- Its design is exactly the same as single robe, beaten scarlet silk robe, and patterned woven and decorated silk outer robe.
- 石室は稲荷塚古墳よりも小さいが、構造は同じである。
- The size of the stone chamber is smaller than that of the Inarizuka-kofun Tumulus, but the structures are the same.
- 今でいう経済特区や構造改革特区のようなものである。
- It was like today's special economic zone and special deregulation zone.
- 格子の形は構造、形態、職業などによって分類できる。
- Shapes of Koshis can be classified based on their structure, form, owner's occupation, etc.
- 置千木(おきちぎ) 木を組み合わせて棟を覆う構造。
- Okichigi structure: Wood is assembled so as to cover the ridge.
- 河合隼雄『中空構造日本の深層』中央公論社1982年
- 'The Center-Empty Structure: the Deep Structure of Japan' by Hayao KAWAI, Chuo Koronsha, 1982
- そのため、三好政権は内部構造が非常に脆弱であった。
- Therefore, the internal structure of the Miyoshi's government was very vulnerqable.
- 体現芸術として見た寺事の構造 岩波書店, 2005
- The structure of Jiji (events in a temple) as embodied arts, Iwanami Shoten, Publishers, 2005
- 新幹線はその性質から在来線とは構造も役割も異なる。
- The structure and role of Shinkansen are in essence different from those of regular train lines.
- これまでにバリアフリー化のために現在の構造に改築。
- The station has been remodeled to the current construction to adopt barrier-free design.
- 塚原古墳群と築造時期や石室の構造などが似通っている。
- The age of construction and the structure of the stone chamber have similarities to the Tsukappara Kofungun.
- 摺鉦(すりがね)を、丸い木枠にぶら下げたような構造。
- The surigane (ash tray-shaped metal section) is hung from a circular wooden frame.
- 石室は凝灰岩の切石を組み合わせて積み上げられた構造。
- The stone chamber was constructed by pilling up the cut tuff stones.
- 条件の選択で、弓矢の形状・構造、性能・特性が決まる。
- Which condition is selected determines the form, structure, capability and characteristics.
- 竹簀巻き(たけすまき) 編んだ竹で棟の茅を巻く構造。
- Takesumaki structure: The kaya ridge is wound around by woven bamboo.
- 構造的には原則として以下のようになっていたとされる。
- In principle, offices were organized as follows:
- 木材などを高く積み上げた仮設や常設の建築物や構造物。
- Temporary or permanent buildings and constructions made by heaping up lumber.
- 構造としては檜皮葺、 切妻屋根の角柱の四脚門である。
- The gate is Yotsuashi-mon Gate (four-legged gate) with hiwadabuki (cypress bark roof) and kakubashira (a corner post or pillar that is square or rectangular).
- 繊細な構造であるため、強い風を送るのには向いていない。
- A Sensu is not appropriate for creating a strong airflow due to its delicate structure.
- 社殿の上にさらに別の社殿が建つ二重構造による建築様式。
- Sengen-zukuri is a two-story architectural style in which a sanctuary, the main building of a Shinto shrine, is built on top of another sanctuary.
- 元来は風雨から構造物を保護するために付けられたものか。
- Originally, it may have been used to protect the building from rain and wind.
- 構造は現代のズック靴やアメリカ先住民のモカシンに似る。
- The construction of the shoes resembles that of modern canvas shoes or the Native American's moccasins.
- 近現代においても日本人の精神構造に影響を及ぼしている。
- It has also influenced the mentality of Japanese in modern times and the present day.
- 歯を台に差込む構造のもの(初期には一木から繰りぬいた)。
- It has a structure of putting teeth into the base board (ashida was made by hollowing out one whole wood in the early stages).
- これは中央部の構造を出すため精米しやすい大きさでもある。
- This size is one that is convenient for revealing the central structure through polishing.
- 柱の構造は、鏡柱2本と内側の控柱2本から構成されている。
- Hashira (pillars) are composed of two Kagamibashira in front and two Hikaebashira in the rear.
- 田の字構造の社殿の中央に心の太柱が配され、垂木を支える。
- A large core pillar is placed at the center of the shrine building which forms the shape of the Chinese character 田, supporting the taruki (rafters).
- 晩期になると、柄鏡部分がつぶれて短くなる構造に変化する。
- By the end of the period, the ekagami-type entrance becomes shorter and lower in height.
- 建物の構造としては、隣駅の二条駅、花園駅とよく似ている。
- Its structure is very similar to that of Nijo Station and Hanazono Station, the next stations for local trains.
- 札の構造、材質、裏面などは読み札と取り札では区別がない。
- There is no distinction between the yomi-fuda and the tori-fuda in the make nor the material nor the pattern of the reverse.
- 構造的合理性も経済的合理性もなく、自由奔放に作られている。
- There is no rational on structure or economy, and they are built freely.
- またそれ以外の構造に関してはほとんど史料が無く不明である。
- There are almost no historical materials other than this description, other construction of hosonaga is not known.
- 讃岐の盆燈籠は構造が複雑で、1本1万数千円~と高価である。
- The bon toro in this part (once called Sanuki Province) has a complex structure, so it is expensive (more than 10-odd thousand yen per rod).
- 心白(「構造」参照)が大きく、タンパク質の含有量が少ない。
- It has a large shinpaku (white part in the center of rice) (refer to 'Structure'), and the protein content is small.
- ここでの望楼型と層塔型は、主に構造による分類によって記す。
- Borogata and Sotogata in this text are based on the category mainly in structure.
- その構造が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合すること。
- The structure of the measuring instrument conforms to technical standards specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
- この頃のものは構造も旧式といわれている望楼型が主流である。
- In those days, most of them were boro-type (top tower keep placed on the main structure), which is considered an old style.
- こうした構造から、炊事場を釜屋(かまや)と呼ぶ地方もある。
- The kitchen is called kamaya (furnace hut) in some regions because fo such structure.
- 戦後には産業構造の変化から観光が山梨県の主要産業になった。
- After the war, tourism became the main business of Yamanashi Prefecture due to the change in the structure of industry.
- 歴史家の笠谷和比古によってその成立と構造が明らかにされた。
- A historian, Kazuhiko KASAYA revealed the establishment and system of it.
- 特にリード (楽器)エアリード構造のものを指すことが多い。
- The term 'fue' often refers specifically to musical instruments which have reed.
- もともとは素襖から袖と胸紐を外しただけの構造であったらしい。
- Originally, it seems to have been just a suo (formal middle rank dress, usually including jacket and hakama) with the sleeve and the chest cord removed structurally.
- 通常は長方形の板2枚を柱で支えて直方体とした構造をしている。
- Generally the shape of daisu is cuboid, with two rectangular boards supported by posts.
- - 長さ約27cm(9寸)で基本的な構造は和弓と同じである。
- It was about twenty-seven centimeters long and has the same basic structure as the Japanese bow.
- 構造形式煉瓦造、建築面積587.0㎡、東北隅実験室付、桟瓦葺
- Structure: Brick-build structure, 587.0 square meters, a laboratory is attached to the northeast corner, sangawara-buki roofing
- もともと構造上勾配の小さな屋根は作りにくい合掌造りであるが、
- It is structurally difficult to make roofs that are not steep with Gassho-zukuri style.
- 坐像で高さ2メートル近い大作だが、基本的構造は一木造である。
- It is a seated image, nearly two meters tall and is basically an Ichiboku-zukuri (wooden figure carved from one tree).
- この観世座というマンモス座に頼り切った脆弱な構造が災いした。
- The fragile setup of the school, which had been fostered through its management style of relying too much on the large troupe, the Kanze-za troupe, produced a negative effect.
- 尚、竹林弽は堅帽子であるが、節抜き構造によって二の腰が無い。
- And, although chikuringake is kataboshi, it does not have ninokoshi because of the fushinuki structure.
- これ以後の荘園と公領を単位とした社会構造を荘園公領制と呼ぶ。
- The social structure constituted of shoen and koryo units thereafter called a shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates).
- 国体(政治構造)の不変さの証拠とされることもしばしばだった。
- This is often thought to be the reason why Japan's national structure (political structure) has never changed.
- 太鼓は、いわゆる締太鼓のことで、構造は基本的に鼓とかわらない。
- The side drum, or the so-called 'tight side drum,' has basically the same structure as the hand drum.
- したがって、乗馬戦闘のための鎧で徒歩戦には向かない構造である。
- It is armor for battles on horseback and the structure is not suitable for walking troops.
- 胴張複室構造(子宮の様な形)と呼ばれ精巧な技術で造られている。
- The structure of the wall is called Dohari-fukushitsu-kozo and it was constructed using an elaborate construction technique.
- 外観は忠実に再現されているが、構造は鉄筋コンクリート造である。
- Its exterior looks like its original appearance but the structure is of ferroconcrete.
- 構造形式煉瓦造、建築面積352.3㎡、二階建、地下一階、桟瓦葺
- Structure: Brick structure, 352.3 square meters, two-storey above ground and one below, sangawara-buki (clay Sangawara tile roofing)
- 謡リズムの構造と実技 能...地拍子と技法 檜書店, 2002
- The structure and practice of Utai (the chanting of a Noh text) rhythm, ji hyoshi (Noh chorus rhythm) and techniques, Hinoki shoten Co., Ltd., 2002
- 高架構造でスラブ軌道を多用したため、保線も大型機械を導入した。
- The Kosei Line employed elevated structures with a slab track, and therefore large equipment was introduced for railroad maintenance.
- 駅構造の項で記したように、かつてこの駅に車庫が併設されていた。
- As mentioned in regard to the station layout, a depot was once provided beside the station.
- しかしながら、値上がりの主因は産業構造の変化によるものである。
- However, the main factor of the rise is due to structural changes in the industry.
- 2本のパイプで繋がれており、その構造はバランス釜と風呂に似る。
- Two pipes are incorporated into the unit which make it resemble a balancing kettle or bathtub.
- 民家というより城郭を思わせる構造で、「八つ棟造り」と呼ばれる。
- The structure of the Imanishi Residence, which gives an impression of a castle rather than a private residence, is called 'yatsumune' style (complicated roof style with multiple ridges and bargeboards).
- これらの要素、構造は地域や時代により各種のバリエーションがある。
- The elements and structure have variations, depending on the region and the era.
- 1辺30m、高さ10m、7段の階段ピラミッド状の構造をしている。
- It has a seven-step pyramid structure of 30 meters on one side, 10 meters high.
- - 弓丈約85cm(2尺8寸)で基本的な構造は和弓と同じである。
- It is about 85 cm long and has the same basic structure as the Japanese bow.
- こうした家元による封建的・世襲支配構造など、非常に共通点が多い。
- These and the iemoto system have a lot in common, such as how the feudal and hereditary governance structure headed by iemoto.
- 更に高効率化する場合には重層構造の居住用建物を計画して対処する。
- Efficiency can be further increased by the construction of multistorey residential buildings.
- さらに側面からの射出攻撃も受けやすくなるという構造となっている。
- Also, the structure made enemies vulnerable to attack from the side by guns or arrows.
- 古代の寺院建築では部材も厚く、本来の構造的な意味合いが強かった。
- In ancient shrine buildings, the material was thick and was required for structural purposes.
- 道路構造令等 2種2級60キロメートル毎時、1種3級80km/h
- Government Order on Road Design Standards, Etc.: Type 2 Class 2, 60 km/h, Type 1 Class 3, 80 km/h
- 二重構造になっており、内部に満たされた水が炭の熱を受け湯になる。
- The units have two layers: the internal section being full of water which is heated by the charcoal.
- 古墳の構造から朝鮮からの渡来人によって築造されたと推定されている。
- Judging from the structure of the burial mound, it is estimated that it was constructed by the Koreans who settled in Japan.
- 座布団は概要で述べたとおり、その単純な構造ゆえに様々に応用される。
- As mentioned in the outline, while zabuton are very simple items they are used in a variety of ways.
- 構造上の望楼型と層塔型以外にも、外観上では、多彩に分けられている。
- In addition to the classification into Borogata and Sotogata in structure, Tenshu are classified in appearance by various factors.
- 構造形式煉瓦造、建築面積389.4㎡、桟瓦葺、西南隅塔屋付、銅板葺
- Structure: Brick-build structure, 389.4 square meters, asagawara-buki roofing, a tower is attached to the southwest corner, copper sheet roofing
- Structure Style: The building has a brick exterior and a pantiled roof. A penthouse with a copper roof is located in the southeast section of the building. Building area: 389.4 sq.m
- Structure Style: The building has a brick exterior and a pantiled roof; a penthouse with a copper roof is located in the southwest section of the building; building area: 389.4 square meters
- 発掘調査で構造がもっともよく判明しているのは、飛鳥浄御原宮である。
- It is Asuka Kiyomihara no Miya Palace whose structure has been more clearly defined by the archaeological research.
- 構造煉瓦及び鉄筋コンクリート造5階建、スレート葺、建築面積406㎡
- Structure: Brick and reinforced concrete structure, five-storey, slate roofing, 406 square meters
- Type of structure: a five-story brick and reinforced concrete building with a slate roof and a building area of 406 sq.m.
- Five-storied building with brick and reinforced concrete structure, slate roof, space of the building: 406 square meters
- 構造、規模などの異なる複数の家形埴輪を一面に、または列状に並べる。
- Various house-shaped Haniwa with different structure and size were displayed all over or in a line.
- 土間の内陣は外陣より床が3メートルも低い、独特の構造になっている。
- It has a distinctive structure, with the dirt-floored inner sanctuary 3 meters lower than the outer nave.
- その後線路はほぼ真っ直ぐ進み、2面2線の単純な構造の八尾駅となる。
- Thereafter, trains run straight and arrive at Yao Station which has a simple structure of two platforms and two tracks.
- このような構造を「懸造(かけづくり)」、あるいは「舞台造」と言う。
- Such a structure is called 'Kake-zukuri' (overhang method of construction) or 'Butai-zukuri' (the construction style like a stage).
- マチを低く、中仕切りを高くすることで、動きやすい構造になっている。
- For ease of movement the gusset is made lower, and a divider inside is made correspondingly higher.
- 通常は木綿地の単衣物で、和服の中で最も単純かつ基本的な構造となる。
- Usually, the yukata is an unlined cotton garment of the simplest, most basic structure.
- 最近のものはカップを二重構造にするだけで段の無い容器になっている。
- The recent containers have no tier only with double structure of the cup.
- 熱した酒を徳利に注ぐ酒燗器も普及したが燗銅壷とは構造が全く異なる。
- Sake warming machines that heat the sake before it is poured into the flasks have become common, but actual 'Kandoko' copper sake warmers are built completely differently.
- 以上の過程は、三界(欲界・色界・無色界)の階層構造とも関連している。
- The above process is related to the hierarchical structure of sangai (three realms): Yokkai, the realm of desire; Shikikai, the realm of form; and Mushikikai, the realm of non-form.
- 構造は西洋のクロスボウとほとんど同じであり、同一性も指摘されている。
- It has almost the same structure of that of the crossbow in Western countries, and the resemblance is also pointed out.
- また、三本の木や鋼材など使った建築物なども三弦の構造形式といわれる。
- The architectural style using a set of three pieces of lumber, or steel, is also called sangen.
- また、歴史の古い木造旅館では部屋風呂の設置が構造上困難な場合もある。
- Also, some of the older traditional ryokan with a wooden structure often cannot install additional bath tubs to their guest rooms.
- そのため、他の櫓に比べ開放的な構造で極端に開口部が大きいことが多い。
- Therefore, it usually had a relatively open structure and an extremely large opening.
- 城(しろ)とは、敵に攻め込まれた際の防衛拠点として設けられた構造物。
- A castle (shiro) is a structure that was built as a strongpoint for defending against enemy attacks.
- 村社会(むらしゃかい)とは、おもに集落における社会構造のことをさす。
- The village community mainly means the social structure in a village.
- 2階建てのように見えるが構造的には「一重裳階(もこし)付き」である。
- It looks like a two-storied building, but its structure is 'furnished with a single pent roof below the true roof.'
- 以前は2面3線の構造だったが、1面2線の単純な配線に変更されている。
- The station once had two platforms and three tracks, but it has one platform and two tracks at present.
- プラットホーム形状と配置2面3線の地上駅で、2面4線化も可能な構造。
- Located at ground level, the station has two island-type platforms with three tracks, and another track can be added.
- ひとりでに影絵が動くのは、この内側の枠の構造に工夫があるからである。
- The shadow picture's automatic revolving owes to the invention on the inside frame structure.
- 西部は外秩父山地の外縁となっており、南北に八王子構造線が貫いている。
- The western part is the outer edge of Sotochichibu Mountains, and the Hachioji geotectonic line runs through it from north to south.
- 現在でもしばしばその都市構造を確認することができる(→天正の地割)。
- These structures can still often be seen to this day (refer to Tensho no Jiwari (land allotment system in the Tensho era)).
- さらに守護代も小守護代を置いて、二重三重の支配構造を形成していった。
- Even the shugo-dai placed the ko-shugo-dai (deputy of the shugo-dai), creating a structure of governance having two or three layers.
- 幕府内部では高一族の滅亡後も直義派と反直義派との対立構造は存在した。
- Even after the decline of the Ko clan, there was conflict between the Tadayoshi group and the anti-Tadayoshi group within the bakufu.
- したがって令でありながら刑罰規定を有するという複雑な構造になっている。
- It therefore had a complex structure in which despite being an administrative law, it also comprised the provisions for criminal punishment.
- 建物の構造材には継手・仕口・ほぞを用い大栓、だぼ、楔などで補強される。
- Tsugite, shiguchi, and hozo techniques (techniques to connect members) are used for structural members of the building, and the building is reinforced with daizen, dabo, kusabi, etc. (parts to reinforce the structure).
- 変成器の構造及び誤差が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合すること。
- The structure and the error of the transformer conform to the technical standards specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
- 構造鉄筋コンクリート造地上3階地下1階建、スレート葺、建築面積343㎡
- Structure: Reinforced concrete structure, three-storey above ground and one below, slate roofing, 343 square meters
- Type of structure: a reinforced concrete building of three stories having a basement floor and a slate roof, with a building area of 343 sq.m.
- Three-storied, one basement building with reinforced concrete structure, slate roof, space of the building: 343 square meters
- 城郭での戦いの勝敗を決める要素の一つに、城郭の形状・構造が挙げられる。
- One of the important factors in determining the issue of battles at castles is the shape and structure of the castle.
- それ以前の建物の建造年や構造についてはそれぞれの城の記事を参照のこと。
- For information on the year of construction and architecture of older buildings, articles and reading matters on the respective castle should be referenced.
- 裳階(もこし)は、仏堂、仏塔、天守閣等で、軒下壁面に付いた庇状構造物。
- Mokoshi is a small roof-like structure attached to walls under eaves in Buddhist halls, Buddhist towers or tenshukaku (keeps or towers of castles).
- 五条楽園には、お茶屋と呼ばれる店舗があり、旅館のような構造をしている。
- Gojo Rakuen had establishments called ochaya (literally 'teahouse' which refers to places where geisha entertain their guests) that have a structure similar to a Japanese inn.
- 内陣の周囲を念仏を唱えながら歩き回る「行道」に適した構造になっている。
- This design is suitable for 'Gyodo'--the ascetic practices of walking around the Naijin with praying to Amida Buddha.
- ただし、三宮駅駅構造では例外的に「○番ホーム」という呼び方をしている。
- Nevertheless, at Sannomiya Station the platforms are exceptionally called 'Platform X.'
- 縦長の長方形をした布の上部に腰に結ぶための紐をつけた単純な構造である。
- Maedare has a simple design of an oblong cloth with a string attached to the upper part to tie around the hips.
- 構造部位の名称(船櫓・炬燵櫓など)・技の名称(相撲の技・将棋の陣たて)
- Names of construction parts (such as funa-yagura [a yagura installed on a Japanese-style ship] and kotatsu-yagura [a wooden frame of a kotatsu, a Japanese foot warmer]), and names of techniques or arts (a winning technique of sumo and a battle formation of shogi, a Japanese board game resembling chess).
- 川が増水すると橋桁が流される独特の構造から、流れ橋と呼ばれることが多い。
- Because its unique structure is so fragile and can easily be swept away by the river after times of heavy rain, it is called 'Nagare-bashi,' or a bridge that is easily swept away.
- 敷地面積:約2万0140m構造:鉄筋コンクリート造、地上1階(地下1階)
- Site area: approximately 20,140 m2: ferroconcrete: one story above the ground and a one story basement.
- 法華経寺 (千葉県市川市) - 江戸時代(1622年)、心柱懸垂式の構造
- Hokekyo-ji Temple (Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture): The Edo period (1622); structure of the central pillar suspending system
- 変成器の構造及び誤差が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合しないこと。
- The structure and error of the transformer do not conform to the technical standards specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
- 芝棟(しばむね) 意図的に木や草を生やし、その根で棟の弛みをなくす構造。
- Shibamune structure: Trees and grasses are grown intentionally to use their roots to prevent the ridge from loosening.
- 戦国時代 (日本)の山城や江戸時代の初期の平山城にこの構造の城郭がある。
- Some yamajiros built in the Warring States period (Japan) and hirajiros built in the early Edo period have adopted this style.
- 橋梁などその他のコンクリート製構造物も風化が進んでおり崩壊の危険がある。
- Bridges and other concrete structures are seeing the effects of weathering and are in danger of collapse.
- 棒線構造のため、木津方面行きと京橋方面行きの双方が同一ホームに発着する。
- From its straight-line configuration, trains bound for Kizu and Kyobashi in opposite directions both arrive at and depart from the same platform.
- Due to its bar-like structure, trains for Kizu and Kyobashi start from and arrive at the same platform.
- 側壁の構造別では甲倉・各倉・板倉・丸木倉・土倉などに分けることができる。
- By sidewall structures, shoso are categorized into yagura (literally armour storage), kaku-kura, ita-gura (warehouse whose walls are boards), and doso (underground warehouse).
- 後円部の石室は1634年に発見され、前室・後室の構造で7世紀の初めの築造。
- In 1634 the stone chamber of the back circular part was discovered and it had a front room and a back room and was built in the early seventh century.
- 日光東照宮 (栃木県日光市) - 江戸時代(1818年)、心柱懸垂式の構造
- Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine (Nikko City, Tochigi Prefecture): The Edo period (1818); structure of the central pillar suspending system
- 大社造の構造は掘建柱・切妻造・妻入であり、屋根には優美な曲線が与えられる。
- A taisha-zukuri style building uses hottate bashira (earthfast posts), elements of the kirizuma-zukuri style (an architectural style with a gabled roof) and tsuma-iri (the style of building which has the entrance on its shorter side), and has a roof with graceful curved lines.
- また、幸田露伴は、芭蕉七部集の評釈を行い、芭蕉の歌仙の構造を明らかにした。
- Rohan KODA completed a commentary on the Basho Shichibushu (the Canonical Collection of Haikai from the Basho School), in which he laid bare the compositional style of Basho's kasen (36-verse renku).
- これらを含め築城年代・構造など共通性が見られるものを「古代山城」と称する。
- Including this feature described above, castles referred to as 'Kodai Sanjo' had some points in common such as construction periods and their architecture, and so on.
- 祭りや盆踊りなどの会場にするため、広場に塔状の構造物を仮設することがある。
- A temporary tower-style structure is sometimes set up in a field to be used as a special place for a festival or a Bon Festival Dance.
- 四面に縁をめぐらした平面の形状および構造は鎌倉期以降の三間仏堂を思わせる。
- The shape and structure of the flat part with edges around reminds one of sangen Buddhist temples after the Kamakura period.
- この構造の欠陥が昭和に入ってから野党や軍部に大きく利用されることとなった。
- This defect in structure became a target widely used by opposition parties and the military later on after the Showa period started.
- また床の音のみに限らず塀や建築物の構造による音響も考え作られていたとされる。
- In addition to a noise on floors, walls and architecture were also designed to make a sound.
- 屋根と柱で構成され、厨子というより構造の一部であり、扉が付かないことが多い。
- Kuden of a Buddhist altar usually consists of a roof and pillars but doors and is part of the altar more than a Buddhist altar case.
- 階数的には木造、軽量鉄骨造の構造上の制限により2階建てなどの低層住宅が多い。
- It is generally a low-rise building, such as a two-story building, and is made of wood or steel-reinforced concrete (SRC).
- 構造形式煉瓦造、建築面積316.0㎡、一階建、一部中二階及び地下室付、鉄板葺
- Structure: Brick structure, 316.0 square meters, one-storey building with partial mezzanine and basement, steel sheet roofing
- Structure style: A one-story brick building with a mezzanine floor, basement, iron-sheet thatched roof and building area of 316.0 sq.m.
- Structure form: built of brick, space of building: 316.0 square meters, one story building, partly mezzanine and basement, plate roof
- 構造煉瓦及び鉄筋コンクリート造4階建、スレート葺、建築面積153㎡、渡廊下付
- Structure: Brick and reinforced concrete structure, four-storey, slate roofing, 153 square meters, a roofed passage is attached
- Type of structure: a four-story brick and reinforced concrete structure having a slate roof and a breezeway, with a building area of 153 sq.m.
- Four-storied building with brick and reinforced concrete structure, slate roof, space of the building: 153 square meters, with a passage connecting two buildings
- 前殿と後殿の軒の接する谷間に金属製の樋を渡して雨水を受ける構造になっている。
- Metal gutters are installed in the valley formed where the eaves of the anterior and posterior halls meet to catch rainwater.
- 基本的にその構造から追葬はできず、埋葬施設内に人が活動するような空間はない。
- Because of the structure, an added burial was impossible, and there was no space where people were able to move around.
- 足を入れても充分に余裕があり、布は裾にゆくほど大きくあまる構造になっている。
- It has such a structure that there is sufficiently wide space when legs are put in and the cloth is left more over at the hem.
- 中空になった陶磁器などに房を通した構造をしており、その房を軸の両端に掛ける。
- Tassels are put through a hollow ceramic, then those are put on both ends of the roller.
- しかしに1979年に実施された発掘調査によって一定の構造が明確になってきた。
- However, the structure of the castle started to become clear to some extent by the excavation and research conducted in 1979.
- 地上7階建てで、免震構造を取り入れ、環境やバリアフリーに配慮した庁舎となる。
- The new government building, with seven stories above ground and a quake-absorbing structure, will be environment-friendly and barrier-free.
- このことは中世の村落構造に端を発しており、中世の地侍や乙名百姓は苗字を称した。
- This originated from the structure of the village in the Medieval times, and Jizamurai (provincial samurai in the middle ages, who engaged in agriculture during peacetime) and Otonabyakusho used Myoji.
- 下地になる和紙の層と漉き込み模様を施す表の層(上掛け)の二層構造になっている。
- It consists of the two layers, that is, the foundation layer of Japanese paper and the surface layer into which patterns are incorporated (uwagake (a cover)).
- 構造は新式の層塔型が主流になり、機能では石落・狭間が増加し、隠狭間が登場した。
- They were usually newly developed soto (layered) type, and more functions, such as machicolation and embrasure, including newly appeared hidden embrasure, were constructed.
- 更に、正面には向拝を、他の三面には孫庇を加え、大規模で複雑な構造になっている。
- Moreover, the addition of a kohai (roof built over the steps leading up to a temple building) at the front face and a mago bisashi (additional eaves off the main eaves) at the other three sides makes the structure larger and even more complicated.
- この点からも6世紀の大王 (ヤマト王権)の権力構造に変化が生じたことがわかる。
- This also suggests that the power structure involving Okimi (of Yamato Sovereignty) changed in the sixth century.
- - 金属製の台であり、上下何れかに円形の枠を形成し、3本の足が伸びている構造。
- Gotoku is a metal stand consisting of a round frame with three legs extending upward or downward from the frame.
- 流造の構造は、切妻造・平入であり、屋根には大社造同様の優美な曲線が与えられる。
- The nagare-zukuri style employs a kirizuma-zukuri/hirairi structure, and its roof forms a graceful curve similar to that of taisha-zukuri style.
- 「三十三間堂」の名称は、間面記法による表記「三十三間四面」(構造)に由来する。
- The name 'Sanjusangen-do Temple' means '33 ken Temple' and derives from the fact that the structure has a layout of '33 ken, 4 men' (33 ken (lengthwise bays), surrounded by eaves on 4 sides).
- 六畳二間程度の空間を利用するのが一般的だが、家の構造によりその規模は前後する。
- Typically, a space of around two six-tatami-mat rooms is used, although it varies depending on the structure of each house.
- 観光客の吸引構造に変化のあった場合にも、推計方式の見直しが的確に行われにくい。
- When there is a change in a structure attracting tourists, it is difficult to review the estimating method.
- 通常の弾丸の他、火矢などを用いて攻城戦・海戦で構造物を破壊する為に用いられた。
- In addition to usual bullets, it was used to shoot fire arrows and so on to destroy structural objects in siege warfare and naval battles.
- 代々の支配者たちは、社会構造を固定することにより帝国経済の維持を図っていった。
- Successive rulers tried to maintain the imperial economy by fixing the social structure.
- 塔身と相輪の2つから構成されており、塔身内部には陀羅尼を納める構造となっている。
- One piece of Hyakuman-to Tower was formed in two parts, a pagoda and a Sorin (metal pinnacle on the top of pagodas), and the inside of the pagoda was structured to store a Darani.
- 糸の構造は他の多くの和楽器糸と同じく、単糸を更に四本撚り合わせ、糊で固めたもの。
- As with ito of other traditional Japanese musical instruments, ito is produced by twisting four threads and pasting them together.
- 春日造の構造は、切妻造・妻入であり、屋根には大社造同様の優美な曲線が与えられる。
- The structure of kasuga-zukuri style employs kirizuma-zukuri style with a Tsuma-iri, and, similar to taisha-zukuri style, elegant curves are provided on the roof.
- 構造上の特色は、初層内部には柱がないことで、心柱は初層の天井から立てられている。
- Its characteristic construction has no pillars on the lower floor and the central pillar extends from the ceiling of the lower floor.
- しかしながら現在は産業構造の変化や、慢性的な土地不足のため経済は停滞気味である。
- However, now economy has been sluggish because Maizuru suffers from a change in industrial structures and chronic shortages in usable land.
- 古くは大弓(おおゆみ)ともいった{中国の大弓(たいきゅう)とは意味も構造も違う}。
- In ancient times it was also called Oyumi (different from Taikyu of China in the sense of meaning and structure).
- 妻飾りにも用いられ、装飾と構造部材の役割を持ち、「透し」や「板」という種類がある。
- They are used to decorate the gables and have both decorative and structural roles, and types include 'sukashi' and 'ita.'
- 神明造では通風性を重視した床が高い構造で、高床式倉庫の名残であると考えられている。
- Shinmei-zukuri buildings have floors raised from the ground, with importance placed on ventilation, and this is considered to be a vestige of the design of takayukashiki-soko (warehouse on stilts).
- この経済構造は児玉源太郎総督の時代に基礎が築かれ、太平洋戦争により最盛期を迎えた。
- This economic structure, founded by then Governor-General Gentaro KODAMA, reached its peak due to the Pacific War.
- 寄棟造りで、内部は天井を張らずに屋根裏の構造をそのまま見せた簡素なデザインになる。
- The hall is yosemune-zukuri (a square or rectangular building, covered with a hipped roof) and the simple interior with no ceiling allows the construction of the inside of the roof to be seen.
- しかし下から1・3・5番目の屋根は裳階(もこし)であり、構造的には三重の塔である。
- However, it is structurally a three-story pagoda because the first, third, and fifth roofs from the base are Mokoshi (pent roof).
- 非常にこぢんまりとした駅舎を持ち、電車を降りるとすぐに改札という構造になっている。
- Station building is extremely compact and of such a structure that when alighting from cars, the ticket gates are located directly in front.
- その後の長期にわたる不況は失われた10年と呼ばれ、経済面での構造改革が進められた。
- The sluggish economy having long lasted after that was called the lost decade, and the economical structure was reformed.
- 1928年には鉄筋コンクリート構造・7階建ての新館が清水建設の設計・施工で完成した。
- In 1928, the new ferroconcrete seven-storey building, designed and constructed by Shimizu Corporation, was completed.
- 但し、日本古来の五重塔や三重塔が持つ構造に関しては、まだ工学的には解明されていない。
- However, the secrets of the structure of ancient Japanese Gojunoto and Sanjunoto are not fully mechanically explained yet.
- そこで特に中世山城では虎口前面を急な坂とすることで寄せ手の勢いを削ぐ構造が採られた。
- In mountain castles built in the medieval period, a very steep approach was instead constructed before the Koguchi to slow the enemy's advance.
- 入母屋造 切妻に大きな庇が一体化したものと、寄棟に明かり取り、煙出の窓を備えた構造。
- Irimoya style: A structural style where a gable and large eaves are integrated into one with windows for taking in light and letting smoke out are added to yosemune-zukuri.
- 棟持柱は通常太く、強度のある用材が用いられるが、構造上では強度にはあまり寄与しない。
- Strong thick wood is usually used for the Munamochi-bashira, but this pillar actually contributes little to the strength of the building.
- 『「甘え」の構造』(1973年)、『ジャパン・アズ・ナンバーワン』(1979年)など
- 'The Anatomy of Dependence' (1973), 'Japan as Number One' (1979), and so on.
- 基本的に共通仕様上の読み違いによって、特性や基本構造に差異があるために起こる現象だ。
- This is a phenomenon which happens basically because of differences in features and basic structures as a result of misreading of common specifications.
- 駅舎は地下にある京阪電鉄への入口と、地上にある叡山電鉄の駅が一体となった構造である。
- The station building has a structure in which the entrance for the underground Keihan Electric Railway is integral with that for the aboveground Eizan Electric Railway.
- 数本の竹材をひもで連結した構造のもので、これを左右両脚のすね部に巻き付けて使用する。
- It has a structure where several bamboo sticks are connected with a string, and is used to twist around the shin of both legs.
- なお、側壁に用いた木材が倉の四隅で交差する構造をした倉を校倉(あぜくら)と呼称する。
- Moreover, the warehouse with the sidewall lumber crossing at the four corners, is called azekura.
- また南側岸壁は耐震構造を備えており、非常時の物資輸送にも対応できるようになっている。
- The quay on the south side is provided with an earthquake-proof structure, enabling goods to be transported during emergencies.
- また、前身頃を完全にうち合わすことが構造的に不可能であり、前を紐で結ぶ点も特徴である。
- Moreover, it is structurally impossible to completely tie the mae-migoro (front main panel), thus it is characterized by a cord used to tie in the front.
- 集会には所属する寺院そのものあるいは僧侶の各集団の構造によって形態に違いが生じている。
- Shue differs in its form, depending on the temples to which the Buddhist priests belonged or the structure of each group of Buddhist priests.
- 室町時代末、軽くて扇部がへたらない構造として、竹骨と紙を素材とする現在のかたちとなる。
- Current type of Uchiwa fan, which is made of bamboo-made frame and paper, was established in the end of the Muromachi period, aimed at lightening the structure with a strong fan part.
- 大弓(たいきゅう)とも記述するが、日本の大弓(おおゆみ)とは意味も構造も違う物である。
- It is also written as Taikyu (literally, 'long bow'), but is different from Oyumi (long bow) in Japan both from the viewpoint of meaning and structure.
- そして社会構造の変化と共に「いくさ」そのものを指し、延いては「武」そのものに転化した。
- In addition, in accordance with the changingf social structure, the word Yumiya came to refer to 'ikusa' itself and eventually refered to the 'military' itself.
- 第十九条第一項の許可を受けないで高圧ガス貯蔵所の位置、構造又は設備の変更の工事をした者
- A person who, without the permission required under paragraph (1) of Article 19, has executed construction work to change the location, structure or equipment of a High Pressure Gas Storage Place;
- 住宅では次第に部材も薄くなり、構造的な意義は乏しくなり、もっぱら装飾的な部材になった。
- However, it lost its structural function as material used in houses became thinner and is now exclusively a decorative material.
- 笄棟(こうがいむね) 茅を棟に積み重ね、屋根から突き出させた木材に締めて固定する構造。
- Kogaimune structure: Kaya is piled on the ridge and is fastened to wood protruding from the roof.
- これに使われる琵琶を平家琵琶と呼び、構造は楽琵琶と同じで、小型のものが多く用いられる。
- A biwa used for this purpose is called 'Heike biwa', which has the same structure as Gakubiwa (lute for Gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) performance), and the small-sized one is often used.
- それ以前に北宋の段階で交子が発行されて国内経済は銅銭と紙幣の二本立て構造になっていた。
- In the Northern Sung Dynasty era before that, bills called koshi were issued, causing both copper coins and paper money to be used in the domestic economy of the dynasty.
- 鎧本体は小札(こざね、後述)により形成され、胴部の構造は平面的で広げると一枚の板になる。
- The armor main body was composed of many pieces of kozane (small plates made of iron and leather), while the trunk was composed of a big flat plate.
- 鉾の車輪は構造上方向転換が無理なため路面に青竹を敷き水をかけ滑らして向きを90度変える。
- As the hoko floats cannot turn due to the structure of the wheels, they make their 90-degree turns on the green bamboo spread on the road, water being poured on the bamboo.
- 唐招提寺金堂の扉は、幅の狭い板を五枚縦に並べて、裏桟に釘どめした板桟戸構造になっている。
- The door of kondo of the Toshodai-ji Temple is made as an Itasando structure, which is a simple wooden door made of five narrow vertical planks nailed with the rear horizontal cross members.
- レーダー探査の結果、小山の頂上部分から南側にかけて、大きな構造物があることが確認された。
- As the result of the radar investigation, a large construction was confirmed to exist from the top of the mound to and along the southern side.
- 現代の箏は上面と両側面は一つの材をくり抜いて作り、下面だけ別材を張り合わせる構造である。
- In the case of the current Soh, the top side and both sides of the Soh is produced by hollowing a piece of board and a separate piece of board is attached only to the underside.
- 装飾性が高くまた、内部に造られた小部屋(破風部屋)は防御・攻撃上でも重要な構造ともなる。
- It was high in decorative value, and the small room (Hafu-beya) constructed inside had important functions in both defense and offense.
- 大まかに言えば、関西の住宅の方が質が高く、構造や工法が次第に関東にも影響を与えていった。
- Roughly speaking, the quality of such houses was higher in the Kansai area, and their structure and building methods had gradually affected those in the Kanto area as well.
- 特に、城のほか城下町一帯も含めて外周を堀や城壁、土塁で囲い込んだ、日本の城郭構造をいう。
- In addition to the castle itself, the term refers to the entire Japanese castle structure surrounding the castle town with the outer wall, moat or Dorui (earthwork).
- 構造は、高さ14メートル、基底部の幅が約37メートルの土塁を造り、延長約1キロにわたる。
- Their structures were dorui (earthwork) that are 14-meter high, about 37-meter wide at the basement, and about 1-kilometer long.
- 内部は土間で、天井を張らず、垂木などの構造材をそのまま見せる「化粧屋根裏」となっている。
- Inside the hall, the floor is earthen and structural materials such as taruki (the simplest type of rafter extended from the ridge to the end of, or beyond the eave) are visible because no ceiling has been installed, and this is called 'Kesho-yaneura.'
- JRの山科駅ホームは盛土上にあり、地平の改札からは築堤下通路から階段を上がる構造である。
- The platforms of JR Yamashina Station are located above the embankment, which is accessed by the stairs through a pathway below the embankment from the ticket gate on the lower level.
- 遣唐使船は竜骨 (船)を用いない平底のジャンク船に似た箱型構造で、簡単な帆を用いていた。
- The ships for missions to Tang China had a box-shaped structure similar to a flat-bottomed junk boat without keel and was equipped with sails.
- これは、大乗仏教の発展とともに細分化、構造化されたが、経論によって所説が種々不同になった。
- This had been segmented and structured in accordance with the development of Mahayana Buddhism, but various theories emerged according to the interpretation of sutra.
- 洋弓が全長160cm前後、弓の中心を把持しハンドル、リム等にパーツが別れている構造である。
- The western bow has a span of approximately 160 cm and segregated into parts such as the central handle and rims.
- しかし、淀城がこのような構造である以上、籠城となれば新政府軍にとって脅威となったであろう。
- If they had entered Yodo-jo Castle, it would have been a threat to the new government army because of the structure of the castle.
- 江戸中期頃には層塔型が主流となっていたが、構造は望楼型のもの層塔型のものどちらも存在する。
- Sotogata was the mainstream around the mid Edo period, but there were both Borogata and Sotogata in structure.
- 構造形式煉瓦造、建築面積276.2㎡、2階建、桟瓦葺、東面塔屋付、南面玄関ポーチ付、鉄板葺
- Structure: Brick structure, 276.2 square meters, two-storey, asagawara-buki roofing, a tower is attached to the east corner, a porch is attached to the south entrance, steel sheet roofing
- ただし、中倉のみは校倉造ではなく、柱と柱の間に厚板を落とし込んだ「板倉」で、構造が異なる。
- Only Chuso is not in the Azekura-zukuri style but is instead in the 'Itakura' style, having been made by dropping thick wood panels between columns.
- 柱同士の上部などを水平方向につなぎ、構造を補強するために、柱の外側から打ち付けられたもの。
- It horizontally connects the upper parts or other parts of pillars and is hammered into place from outside of the pillars to reinforce the structure.
- 書院造や数寄屋造りなど上層の住宅で使われる小屋組(和小屋)と比べ、構造に大きな違いがある。
- Its structure is considerably different from the koyagumi (wagoya structure) such as shoin-zukuri or sukiya-zukuri, used for houses of people in higher classes.
- 一般的に麺類を凍らせると、凍結時に水分が膨張して分子構造が分断された状態となり食味に劣る。
- Generally, once the noodles are frozen, they lose their eating quality, because the molecular structure in the noodles breaks down from water that expands when below freezing.
- 2003年4月 学研都市が「けいはんな学研都市知的特区」(構造改革特別区域)に認定される。
- April, 2003: Science City was certified as 'a special intellectual district of the Keihanna science city' (a special district for structural reform).
- ブドウ糖濃度は直接還元糖であり、分子構造の大きなデキストリンをのぞいた残りの糖分の量をさす。
- Glucose concentration represents the amount of sugar after excluding dexistrin, which is a direct reducing sugar and has a large molecular structure.
- また、構造や外観意匠にかかわらず、主に関ヶ原の戦いを境として時代で分けられていることもある。
- Regardless of their structure and external design, Tenshu are sometimes divided by their construction time into the periods before or after the Battle of Sekigahara.
- 後円部にある段構造が前方部で消失することから、前方部が後世に付け加えられた可能性があること。
- It is likely that the square front was added later, because the terrace structure that is found in the rounded rear vanishes in the square front.
- 屋根は松尾造りと呼ばれる両流造りの構造で、現在のものは応永11年(1397年)の建立である。
- The current building was constructed in 1397 and the roof features a form of the ryonagare-zukuri style (gable roof which has a long, flowing, curved roof lines on both the front and rear slopes) which is referred to as Matsunoo-zukuri.
- ホーム構造の関係上、4番線発着列車と京津線との乗り換えには北端を迂回しなければならなかった。
- Because of the platform structure, passengers had to detour to the northern edge of the platform when changing trains between Keihan Main Line (Platform 4) and Keishin Line.
- 坂本城は歴史上重要な役割を果たしていたが、ながらく城の位置や構造については不明となっていた。
- Although Sakamoto-jo Castle had played an important role in history, its location and structure were not known for a long time.
- 骨の材質は、一般的には竹製または木製の物が多く、先端部ほど薄く細くなるテーパ構造になっている。
- Generally, ribs are made of bamboo or wood, in a tapered shape that become thinner towards the end.
- 空間を間仕切るものとしては壁と扉しかなく、内部間仕切りのない、広間様式の建築構造となっている。
- With only walls and doors dividing a room, its structure was built in the style of hiroma (a large room occupying the full cross section of a building) without any inside partition.
- 空手衣の構造は今日、伝統派空手とフルコンタクト空手において、おおむね次のような相違が見られる。
- Generally, there are differences in the specifications of uniforms for dentoha (traditional-style) karate and full-contact karate, as shown below.
- なぜ、中倉のみ構造が異なるのか、当初からこのような形式であったのかどうかについては、諸説ある。
- There are various theories as to why only Chuso has a different structure and whether it is actually the original style.
- 伊賀上野は2面3線の構造で、下りホームから近鉄伊賀線から転換した伊賀鉄道伊賀線が発着している。
- The Iga-Ueno Station has two platforms and three tracks, and the trains on the Iga Line of Iga Railway, converted from the Kintetsu Iga Line, arrive at and depart from this down-train platform.
- 吹き込みを鋭く、装飾音を控え、簡素で力強い表現を目指すのが特色で、譜の構造は他流と大きく違う。
- The remarkable features of this school are shrill blasts, modest grace notes, and simple and powerful expression, and the structure of their music scores is totally different from those of other schools.
- 雅楽の楽器を用いず西洋楽器のみによる編成でも、雅楽の音楽構造に着想を得て作曲された作品は多い。
- There are many compositions that were inspired by the gagaku music structure, even when these pieces were composed with western musical instruments alone and without using any gagaku musical instruments.
- 石室の構造が水泥北古墳(御所市)とよく似ており、同一の設計によるものではないかと指摘されている。
- Since the structure of the stone chamber is much similar to that of Midoro Kita-kofun Tumulus (Gose City), it is said to be built in the same design.
- また原理や構造がスリングショット(スリングショット)と近いことから、ぱちんこも弾弓と呼称される。
- In addition, since its principle and structure are similar to a slingshot, pachinko (Japanese pinball) is also called dankyu.
- 1970年代に入ると、多分に構造主義の影響を受けて、新たな議論が「ハレとケ」について巻き起こる。
- In the 1970's, largely due to the influence of structuralism, new discussions on 'hare and ke' were triggered.
- 外観復元天守は、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート構造などを用いて、外観だけを往時のように再現したものを指す。
- Externally restored Tenshu refers to Tenshu which were restored to their state of the bygone days only externally in the steel framed reinforced concrete structure and so on.
- これは駅直下の立体交差が掘割構造になっており、その位置にバス停を設置する事が不可能なことによる。
- The background of the above is that the canal structure of the grade separate crossing situated just below the station made it impossible to place a bus stop there.
- 1923年の関東大震災では、身体の動作を妨げる構造である和服を着用していた女性の被害が多かった。
- Among the victims of the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, the number of women wearing traditional Japanese kimono, which limited free movement, stood out.
- 三峠断層帯、西山断層帯、有馬-高槻構造線、花折断層などいくつもの断層の運動からできた盆地である。
- The basin was formed by active faults, including those in the Mitoke Fault Zone, Nishiyama Fault Zone and Arima-Takatsuki Tectonic Line, and in addition, Hanaori Fault.
- なお、この重層的支配構造は「職の体系」とも呼ばれ、それぞれの立場の職務と権限を「~職」と呼んだ。
- This multilayered governance structure was also called the 'Shiki system' and each job title and authority was referred as 'XXX shiki.'
- 社会構造が急速かつ大幅に変質していき、従前の社会体制の荘園公領制を支えていた職の体系が崩壊した。
- Social structure changed quickly and in large scale and the Shiki system that had supported shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates), which was the traditional social regime.
- 八世観世銕之丞は能の大きな特徴として「死者の世界からものを見る」という根本的な構造を指摘している。
- Tetsunojo KANZE VIII pointed out, that the fundamental structure in Noh is 'the perspective from the world of the dead.'
- 家元制度の特色として、家元と門人との間を名取りや師範などが介在する階層構造を取ることがあげられる。
- One of the characteristics of the iemoto system is the hierarchy in which accredited masters, instructors, etc. mediate between iemoto and pupils.
- これは製造時に中の構造をより細密に調整できるとの理由からだが、結果として持ち運びにも便利になった。
- The original intent of this development was to enable more fine tuning of the bore during the fabrication stage; however, it also has resulted in making the instrument more portable, making it more convenient to carry around.
- 淀城はこの中州の西部を指すが、中州自体が大きな水堀であり、古代中国の都城のような構造を持っていた。
- Yodo-jo Castle occupied the west part of this island, which contained a huge moat making this castle town look like a walled city in ancient China.
- その構造(性能及び材料の性質を含む。以下同じ。)が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合すること。
- The structure (including performance and material properties; the same shall apply hereinafter) conforms to technical standards specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
- 会津若松城は、馬出し形状の北出丸、西出丸を外側に備え、その内側は桝形を備える二重構造となっていた。
- Aizu Wakamatsu-jo Castle has of two Koguchi, Masugata style inside Umadashi style, for the north demaru (a small castle or tower built onto and projecting from a larger castle) and the west demaru.
- 一方で収賄などの噂も絶えず、日本の政党政治と利益誘導の構造すなわち金権型政党政治を築いたとされる。
- On the other hand, HOSHI was always rumored to take bribes, and thus he is said to have established the Japan's party politics combined with pork barrel politics, in other words, the money-driven political system.
- 逆柱(さかばしら)または逆さ柱(さかさばしら)は、日本の木構造 (建築)における俗信の一つである。
- Sakabashira' or 'sakasa bashira' refers to one of superstitions about Japanese wooden structure (architecture),
- また、家学でも一子相伝の閉鎖的なものもあれば多数の弟子を抱えて宗家を支える構造を取るものもあった。
- Furthermore in some cases kagaku was so closed, it was transmitted only to a single pupil while in other cases it utilized a system whereby the head family was supported by having many pupils.
- ほぼ東西南北の正方形構造なので、その矢倉には方角にちなみ艮矢倉、巽矢倉、坤矢倉、乾矢倉の名である。
- Each corner of the square shaped Honmaru area was pointing to the four points of the compass, and the watchtowers at each corner were named after the directions: Ushitora yagura, Tatsumi yagura, Hitsujisaru yagura, Inui yagura.
- それでいて、構造的な壁面と違って、その部屋の役割や個性や室礼(しつらい)に重要な役割を果たしている。
- However, different from the walls which make up the structure, it plays an important part in the role, characteristics and Shitsurai of the room.
- また、日蓮正宗の仏壇は、他宗派の仏壇とは構造が大きく異なり、内側に厨子が付いているものが特徴である。
- The Buddhist altar for Nichiren Shoshu is quite different in structure from altars for other sects because it has a Zushi in its inner side.
- ただし、円筒形に見えるのは外観のみで、構造的には四角い初重の上に平面円形の上層部を乗せたものである。
- Although the body of the pagoda appears to be in the shape of a cylinder, a tahoto is basically a cube topped by a cylinder-shaped structure.
- 構造は矢については針や針状に細長く加工した竹に動物の体毛や円錐に加工した紙の矢羽を矧いだものである。
- A dart of blowgun was made of needle or thin bamboo which was processed to the shape of needle with arrow feathers made of animal hair or paper which processed in the shape of a circular cone.
- また江西学派の陸九淵は心の構造論において朱熹と考えを異にし、心即理説にもとづく独自の理論を展開した。
- Additionally, Riku Kyuen (Lu Jiuyuan) of the Kosei school had a different idea from Chu His regarding the theory of structure of the mind, and developed his original theory based on the theory that mind itself is the law.
- アイヌの伝統楽器の箏であるトンコリ(カーとも言う)」は、和琴と類似した構造を持つ(ただし弦は5本)。
- Tonkori (also known as 'ka'), a traditional stringed instrument of Ainu tribe, has a similar structure with that of wagon (provided that it has five strings).
- 以下は、望楼型・層塔型の区分に関係なく、主に天守等の象徴的建物や大型の櫓に見られる意匠・構造である。
- The following describes designs/structures seen on symbolic structures mainly including Tenshu and large-scale Yagura, regardless of whether they were Borogata (lookout tower type keep) or Sotogata (multi-leveled tower type keep).
- 城門はその多くが二重構造となっており、城門の手前に敵を食い止める目的で半円形の小郭が設けられていた。
- Most gates have a double structure and a small semispherical enclosure in front of the gate to drive away the enemy.
- 4方向に対して等しく防御が厚くなるが、曲輪を囲んでいく構造のために城郭の規模を大きくせざるを得ない。
- While this arrangement increases the defensive capability of the castle in every direction, surrounding each kuruwa sequentially requires that a large area of land be allotted to the castle grounds.
- 巻き貝が殻を大きくするように、渦巻き型に柔軟に拡大できる構造を取ったことが、江戸の拡大を手助けした。
- Just as a snail expands its shell as it grows, the adoption of a spiral structure facilitated the flexible expansion of Edo.
- 京都線でL/Cカーを運行する際に時間帯に関係なくロングシートになっているのは、当駅の構造に起因する。
- In the Kyoto Line, due to the structure of the station, the L/C cars (long/cross changeable seat cars) are set up with long seats regardless of the hours.
- 組物(軒の出を支える構造材)を密に並べるなど、細部の様式は禅宗様であり、禅寺の三門に似た形式とする。
- The gate has the look of a Zen temple sammon gate with Zen style detailing such as the dense arrangement of the structure supporting the eave overhangs.
- 運転台構造ではマスター・コントローラーとブレーキの配置が在来線通勤電車とは左右逆の配置になっている。
- In the cab, the master controller and the brake are placed on the right side and on the left of the operator, respectively, contrary to those on the regular railway lines.
- しかし新幹線の開通により、日帰りでも滞在時間を充分取れるようになり、社会構造に著しい変化を及ぼした。
- However, when the Shinkansen line started its operation, it became possible to stay long enough at a trip destination, changing the social structure drastically.
- 篠竹(雌竹)に歌口と音孔(手孔)を開け、漆ないしは合成樹脂を管の内面に塗った簡素な構造の横笛である。
- The shinobue is a transverse flute with a simple structure, and it is made from shinodake (small bamboo); Simon bamboo (Pleioblastus simonii), whose inner side is coated either in lacquer or synthetic resin, having two openings for Utaguchi (the mouthpiece of the shakuhachi) and tone holes.
- 57人目の花山院定雅が巻末右下に置かれている(藤原忠通を含めると上段29名・下段28名構造である)。
- The fifty-seventh minister, Sadamasa KAZANIN, is painted in the lower right of the last page (the first row consists of 29 ministers, including FUJIWARA no Tadamichi, and the second row consists of 28 ministers).
- 上部の蓋部分が梯子状になっており、内部に下向きの板を配して、中の金銭に手が届かない構造になっている。
- Under their ladder-like lids, two sloping boards face each other at the lowest point so that money on the bottom will not be touched.
- 特に歴代の朝鮮通信使は日本の揚水式水車に興味を示し、幾度もその構造を絵図面に写して自国に持ち帰った。
- In particular, each of the Chosen Tsushinshi envoys showed interest in water-pumping wheels in Japan and brought back pictures depicting the structure many times.
- 構造は鉄筋コンクリート造、壁厚25cm以上、片開または両開の完全な金庫式二重扉を設けることとされた。
- As for the structure, Hoan-den needed to be built from ferro-concrete, have walls 25 cm or thicker, and a complete safe-typed and dual-structured door with either a single swing door or double-leaf doors.
- 文章院の構造は中央部に講堂にあたる北堂が置かれ、左右に寄宿舎部分にあたる東曹・西曹が設置されていた。
- The Monjoin had the Hokudo which served as a lecture hall in the center, and toso and seiso which served as dormitories on both sides of the Hokudo.
- その一方、織田政権崩壊の原因は、政権の構造的な問題より、むしろ織田信忠の死が大きいとする意見もある。
- On the other hand, according to a different view, the collapse of the Oda government was mainly caused by the death of Nobutada ODA, not by a structural problem within the government.
- 九鬼周造『「いき」の構造』(1930)では、「いき」という江戸特有の美意識が初めて哲学的に考察された。
- Shuzo KUKI for the first time philosophically examined the aesthetic sense of 'iki' that was unique to Edo in 'The Structure of 'iki'' (1930).
- この鮸(にべ)や膠による積層弓は、現在の積層木製建築構造材である集成材や集積材と基本的には同じである。
- This laminated bow made with nibe and glue has basically the same structure as laminated lumber and is bonded together, and is the present constructional material for building made of laminated wood.
- 火の見櫓、芝居小屋(劇場)の太鼓櫓など、また建物以外の物の構造や将棋の技などについては櫓を参照のこと。
- Refer to yagura for hinomi-yagura turret, taiko yagura (drum turret) of a playhouse (theater), non-architectural yagura, shogi (Japanese chess) technique, etc.
- この機能は縄文時代の竪穴式住居の中央に設けられた炉以来引き継がれてきた日本の民家の基本構造とも言える。
- This feature can be said to be a fundamental structure of a Japanese house that was originated in Ro (hearth) located at the center of a pit dwelling (house) in the Jomon period
- しかし、安政元年(1855年)箱館に寄港していたアメリカ船の構造に興味を持った事から再び船大工となる。
- However, in 1855 he had an interest in the structure of an American ship that was calling at Hakodate, and became a ship carpenter again.
- 先祖といわれる「龍笛」は「七孔」であるが、「7穴の篠笛」と「龍笛」の基本音階・内部構造は異なっている。
- The ryuteki flute, which is said to be the predecessor of the shinobue is a seven-hole flute but the seven-hole shinobue and the ryuteki flute differ in their basic scale and internal structure.
- 杭打ち地業の際に杭を打つ装置として、丸太や鋼管などを組んで建てた仮設の構造物を「杭打ちやぐら」という。
- The term 'kuiuchi-yagura' (a pile-driving tower) refers to a temporary structure which is built by constructing logs and steel pipes, and this is used as a machine to drive in piles at a foundation work.
- こうした荘官、領家、本家と重層的になった土地支配の構造において、各主体の保有する権利を「職」と呼んだ。
- In the structure of stratified land ruling by shokan, ryoke and honke, the right held by each subject is called 'shiki.'
- 大鼓は、小鼓と区別するために大皮とも呼ばれるが、材質、構造はほぼ小鼓に等しく、全体的にひとまわり大きい。
- Although the big drum is called 'a large skin' to distinguish it from the small hand drum, the material and the construction are almost the same as the small hand drum; only the size is bigger overall.
- 「死者による語り」という能の基本構造が、こうした他に例を見ない物語世界の構築を実現していると論じている。
- He argues that this 'dialogue by the dead,' a basic structure of Noh, has in fact realized the construction of a story world unachievable by other types of plays.
- 舞妓でも年少の者の髪型「割れしのぶ」で用いられ、2箇所の本体突起部が髷(まげ)を支える構造となっている。
- This type of product is used for young maiko's hairstyle called 'wareshinobu,' with two projections of their body supporting the mage.
- 平安時代の寝殿造の内部は、丸柱が立ち並ぶだけの、構造的な間仕切りが無い、板敷きの床の大広間形式であった。
- The inside of Shinden-zukuri style during the Heian period was a hall style with a wooden floor in which many columns stood in a row with no structural partition.
- 細長い板を円状に並べ、竹などをらせん状に束ねた「たが」で結う結物構造となっており、接着剤等は使用しない。
- It has the structure where elongated boards are circularly lined up and tied with 'taga' (hoop) which consists of spirally bundled bamboo, and does not use the adhesive.
- 擬洋風建築は外観に洋風デザインを採りいれているが、小屋組などの基礎構造は和風建築の技術が用いられている。
- Gi-yofu architecture outwardly employed Western-style designs but used traditional Japanese techniques in the basic structures such as in roof frameworks.
- 入母屋造の櫓の上に望楼を別構造で載せているので、初重平面が歪んでいても、上重の矩形は整えることができる。
- Boro was put, as a separate structure, on Yagura of Irimoya-zukuri, so even if the ground surface under Shoju was distorted, the above tiers on top of it were able to be maintained rectangular.
- 合掌造りの小屋組は、白川郷や五箇山のものが有名になっているが、本来は日本の民家に広く見られた構造である。
- The koyagumi (roof truss or framework) of the Gassho-zukuri in Shirakawago and Gokayama has become famous, but this structure was previously widely used in Japanese private houses.
- 何を参考にして作成されたのか明確な資料は現存していないが、構造は当時のイギリスの絞首刑台に良く似ている。
- Today there remain no materials that tell what was referenced to prepare the Scheme, but the structure of the devices shown in the Scheme resembles that of gallows which were used in England in those days.
- さらにその舎利容器の中には、非常に小型の石英片岩の舎利が入っているという何重もの入れ子構造をとっていた。
- It is an artifact with a nested structure, in which all of the containers were nested and at the center of the structure there were very small pieces of Shari (Buddha relics) made of quartz schist cocooned in the pagoda style container.
- かつては優等列車用の通過線を抱えた構造となっており、現在のホームの一部は以前の待避線の上に作られている。
- Formerly the station was equipped with a sidetrack that allowed priority trains to pass through; however, a portion of the current platform arrangement has been built above the old sidetrack.
- しかし、音階・構造はそれぞれ少しずつ異なっており、日本の横笛の歴史について統一した見解は得られていない。
- However, they differ slightly in scale and structure, and therefore, perspectives on the history of Japanese transverse flutes have not yet been unified.
- 職の体系(しきのたいけい)とは、日本の歴史上、中世日本における、重層的土地支配構造を指し示す用語である。
- The shiki system is the term to indicate the stratified ruling structure in medieval Japan.
- 耐震耐火構造とし、内外防熱防湿のために石綿材料を施し、内部はさらにキリまたはヒノキ板張りとするとされた。
- In addition to the fire-proof and earthquake-proof structure, Hoan-den were requested to be equipped with heat-resistant and damp-proof structures by using asbestos for the inside and outside, as well as by laying boards made from empress tree or hinoki cypress inside.
- その構造とは、乾燥した蘆(あし)の管の一方に熱を加えてつぶし(ひしぎ)、責(せめ)と呼ばれる輪をはめ込む。
- One of two dried arundinaceous tubes is heated and crushed, and a ring called Seme is inserted into the tube.
- 建物の外周すべて建具が入り、壁が少ない構造のためか、1934年の室戸台風で倒壊し、1940年に復旧された。
- The outside of the building is covered with fittings but has few walls and this led to it being heavily damaged in the Muroto typhoon of 1934 but it was restored in 1940.
- 4番線には西大寺方面への出発信号機があり、折り返し運転が出来る構造である(ただし通常ダイヤでは回送のみ)。
- A departure signal is installed for Platform 4 departures toward Saidaiji; it is structured to execute shuttle service but is limited to deadheads only per the ordinary timetable.
- 1989年(平成元年)3月11日 - 北へ約120メートル移設され、駅構造が1面1線から2面2線化される。
- March 11, 1989: Station relocated some 120 m north of its original site, upgraded from a single platform single-track station to a dual platform double-track station.
- 基本構造は、板状に加工した石材に梵字=種子(しゅじ)や被供養者名、供養年月日、供養内容を刻んだものである。
- The basic structure is a block of stone processed to a shape of a vertically long tablet on which Bonji (Siddham script) = shuji (Sanskrit seed-syllable in Esoteric Buddhism), the name of a person commemorated, the date of commemoration, the items of commemoration are inscribed.
- これらの船体構造は和製大型帆船のはしりで、近世の北前船や菱垣廻船・樽廻船などに受け継がれていくことになる。
- Such structure of the hull was the original model of Japanese large sailing ships and was succeeded by kitamae-bune (cargo ships that sailed the Japan Sea during the Edo period), Higaki-kaisen (a kind of cargo vessel) and Taru-kaisen (a kind of cargo vessels) in pre-modern times.
- 本建物の特質としては、棟札があって創立年代がはっきりしていて、民家というよりは城郭を思わせる構造形式である。
- In terms of the characteristics of this house, there is an existing munafuda identifying the year in which that building was originally built and that it has a structural style which reminds someone of a castle rather than a private house.
- 構造としては単純なものでも火を被う囲いと、その上部には鍋や釜といった調理器具を置くための台が一体化している。
- The structure of the kamado is simply a single unit built into a wall for enclosing the fire and a holder above it for placing cooking utensils such as pots or pans.
- 古代以来、構造は中心に柄と一体である「棒」を通し、扇部分の縁を「枠」によって素材を固定する例が多数を占める。
- Since ancient times, most Uchiwa fan have had a structure of one main center 'rod,' which also becomes a handle part, and a 'frame' for fixing the material, which shapes the outline of the fan part.
- これまでの盲僧琵琶を改造し、武士の倫理や戦記・合戦物を歌い上げる勇猛豪壮な演奏に向いた構造にしたものである。
- He remodeled old moso-biwas and changed their structures to make them suitable for a valiant and dynamic performance singing about samurai's morals, war chronicles, and battles.
- 日本人が便所を使い始めた正確な時期は不明であるが、古くから便所と見られる構造が遺跡によって見ることができる。
- It is not clear when Japanese began to use a lavatory, but in remains from long ago we can see the structures which can be seen as lavatories.
- ごく一般的な銭湯の構造の例は次のようになっている(なお、この見取り図は関東地方の銭湯に多いパターンである)。
- A typical sento is structured as follows (the layout shows the most popular pattern of sento in the Kanto region):
- 西洋音楽で言えば弦楽四重奏の各パートは緊密な重層的構造を成していて、絶対的に固定され一パートでも欠かせない。
- In the case of Western music, each part of a string quartet is linked tightly with another one in a polyphonic melody, so no single part is ever movable or dispensable.
- 絵図によれば、御土居の出入口には何の障害物もなく、当時の城郭で用いられたような侵入者を防ぐ構造が見られない。
- A picture map of Odoi shows no obstructions at any entrances of Odoi and no structures to repel intruders which were usually used for castles at that time.
- 旅館(りょかん)とは、宿泊料を受けて人を宿泊させるための、和式の構造及び設備を主とする宿泊施設のことである。
- A ryokan is a guest house that accommodates visitors for a fee, usually in a Japanese style building with traditional furnishings.
- 十七) ガス遠心分離機のロータに用いられる構造材料であつて、次に掲げるもの(四の項の中欄に掲げるものを除く。
- xvii) Structural materials listed below and usable for gas centrifuge rotors (excluding those listed in the middle column of row 4
- そのため、櫓は天守より耐用年数が短く、また土蔵と同様に、厚い土壁が湿気を呼ぶため構造材が腐りやすい。
- Therefore, a yagura lasted less time than a tenshu, and like a dozo (warehouse made of soil), its construction material was perishable since thick mud wall keep humidity.
- また濃尾地震や関東大震災で煉瓦造建築に大きな被害が生じたことから、日本独自の耐震構造技術への関心が高まった。
- A great deal of damage was caused to brick buildings during the Nobi Earthquake and the Great Kanto Earthquake, which led to the development of quake-resistant technologies which are unique to Japan.
- 鉄道車両は、高速運転時にトンネルに進入するなどの気圧変動による居住性の低下を防ぐために気密構造となっている。
- When a train enters a tunnel at a high speed, the air pressure changes, and therefore, an air-tight structure is employed for them to prevent the passengers from becoming uncomfortable due to the pressure change.
- その代表的な論客である安田元久は、武士団を「一定の時代」における、ひとつの構造的特質をもったものととらえる。
- Motohisa YASUDA, who was the main critic of that argument, considered bushidan as one form of a special structural aspect for 'a fixed period.'
- 1986年(昭和61年)の発掘調査では、後期旧石器時代(3万年~1万3000年前)の住居の構造を明らかにした。
- Investigations based on excavations conducted in 1986 revealed the structure of a dwelling in the latter part of the Paleolithic period.
- 弥生時代の遺跡には下水道のような構造が見られることから遅くともこの辺りには便所を造り使われ始めていたとされる。
- As a structure like a sewage line can be seen in remains from the Yayoi period, the lavatory is thought to have come into use during that period at the latest.
- このうち、個人の住宅と同じような構造のものや、宿主が他の産業を主体とした兼業の場合は、民宿と名乗ることがある。
- Among them, accommodation facilities similar to private homes or whose owners have other types of business often call themselves 'minshuku.'
- しかし、公家社会そのものの変化に伴い、構造上あるいは実際的な運用上、律令国家とは大きく異なる特徴が見出される。
- However, due to changes of the court noble society itself, significantly different features from the system of the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes can be seen in its structure and in practical operation.
- 当初は、終点の嵐山駅を京都側のターミナル駅とすることを目論んでいたため、嵐山駅は6面5線と大きな構造であった。
- Initially, a projected Arashiyama Station had an extensive structure consisting of six platforms and five tracks, because it was planned that Arashiyama Station, as the final station, would be the terminal station in the Kyoto area.
- そのため、山科駅は西側も分岐できる構造になっている(西側の新線は国鉄の財政事情悪化により計画中止されている)。
- Therefore, Yamashina Station is structured to branch off on the west side (construction of a new line on the west side was halted due to the severe fiscal conditions of Japan National Railways (JNR)).
- 国風文化の発達により、着物の構造自体が大きく変わって袖丈が長くなったために、重要な役割を果たす着物となる。
- As Japanese culture developed, the design of kimono changed greatly, with the sleeves becoming longer and uchiki came to serve an important role.
- 高御座の構造は三層の黒塗断壇の上に御輿型の八角形の黒塗屋形が載せられていて、鳳凰・鏡・椅子などで飾られている。
- The structure of the Takamikura consists of three levels of covered black stairs with a palace shaped portable octagon shrine sitting on top, and is decorated with a mythical sacred bird (phoenix) from Chinese lore, mirrors, and chairs.
- また、干拓地の北側にある宇治川堤防堤防の構造地の源内は、西日本では有数のヨシ群落であり植生の面でも貴重である。
- Additionally, Gennai, the construction site of Uji-gawa River Dike on the north side of the reclaimed land, is home for one of the greatest reed vegetation in western Japan and is also valuable in terms of plant life.
- 京都の朝廷と地方の荘園・公領はそのままで、地方支配に地頭等の形で武士が割り込む二元的な支配構造ができあがった。
- The bakufu didn't interfere with the Imperial Court in Kyoto or with the shoen and public territories in rural areas, instead creating a dual system of government (bakufu and Court) under which it had the power to appoint warriors (as opposed to Court noblemen) to the key positions, including the jito, that controlled the countryside.
- 構造上の特徴をあげると、円筒状の胴、もしくは桶のように板を組んで作られた胴の両面もしくは片面に皮が張られている。
- As for its structural characteristics, a skin is mounted on either sides or one side of a cylindrical trunk or a wooden bucket assembled by boards.
- さらに、律令制に於ける人民統治の実態は単なる人民圧迫に基づいた搾取構造でしかなかった、という考えも存在している。
- There is an opinion that the government of the people under the Ritsuryo system was simply nothing but a structure of exploitation based on oppression on the people.
- 外観は平面八角形であるが、内部の身舎(もや)は四角形であり、内陣周囲に立つ4本の八角柱が構造上の要となっている。
- It is octagonal-shaped on the exterior, but the moya (the central part of the building) is square and four octagonal pillars erected at the periphery of the naijin (the inner temple) are structural pivots.
- 和服の構造を理解する助けにするため、反物、裁断の方法、そして部品の組み合わせ方について模式的な概観をここに示す。
- To facilitate understanding of the structure of Wafuku, the roll of cloth, the cutting method, and the assembly of the parts will be schematically overviewed below.
- 方形の外郭線を持つ都市が国府で、その中心に国衙という役所群、さらにその要に国庁があるという三重構造が想定された。
- It was assumed that Kokufu adopted a threefold structure including a squarely demarcated line in the outer fold, placing Kokucho at the center of the lot surrounded by the government offices called Kokuga.
- 曲輪天守丸の上に築かれた構造の天o守は、黒船来航の翌年、将軍徳川家とゆかりのある松平家により復興されたものである。
- The castle tower built on top of Kuruwa tenshumaru was restored by the Matsudaira family, relations of the Tokugawa shogunate family in the year following the coming of Kurofune.
- この事件で西国随一の戦国大名とまで称されていた大内氏が実質的に滅亡し、西国の支配構造は大きく変化することとなった。
- This incident resulted in virtual fall of the Ouchi clan, which was called as the greatest Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in Saigoku (western part of Japan) and great change in ruling structure of Saigoku.
- 遷都・神社を建立するに際して、その土地の構造(活断層や山の配置など)を鑑み陰陽重ならぬ土地が龍穴として選定された。
- On transferring the capital or constructing a shrine, a place where Yin and Yang forces do not overlap each other has been selected as Ryuketsu, in view of the soil structure of the land such as active faults and configuration of mountains.
- 徳川家康は武士の支配構造の基本として重農政策を選んだため、支配者階級である武士階級は、その収入を米に依存していた。
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA implemented the physiocratic policy on which the ruling structure of samurai was establised, so the samurai class, namely the ruling class, depended upon rice for their income.
- 深夜、足立大尉が一人でいたことが不運であったが、事件の背景に乗車していた二軸客車の構造的欠陥があったと指摘された。
- It was unfortunate of Senior Lieutenant Adachi that he was alone in the middle of the night, but at the same time, it was pointed out that a structural flaw of the 2-axle passenger car was a contributing factor to the background of the crime.
- 古代の仏堂建築は、構造上、中央の身舎(もや、しんしゃ)と呼ばれる部分と、その周囲の庇と呼ばれる部分に分かれている。
- Ancient butsu-do (a Buddha statue hall) architecture structurally consists of two parts: the central space called the moya or shinsha, and the surrounding space called hisashi (eaves).
- 建物の配置と構造は真宗建築の典型で、親鸞聖人像が安置されている御影堂(ごえいどう)が本堂よりも大きく造られている。
- The positioning and structures of the buildings are typical of Jodo Shinshu Sect and the Goei-do Hall housing a statue of Shinran Shonin is larger than the main hall.
- 北大路通(国道367号)と烏丸通の交差点北側の地下にあり、地上の複合施設キタオオジタウンと一体的構造になっている。
- The station is situated underground at the north side of the crossing of Kitaoji-dori Street (National Route 367) and Karasuma-dori Street, and the station building is united with Kitaoji Town, the complex situated aboveground.
- 淀屋橋駅(1面3線だが1番線と4番線が同じ線を使う)のホーム構造が災いして、全体的に余裕のないダイヤになっている。
- Owing to the structural restriction of Yodoyabashi Station (it has one platform and three tracks, therefore Platform 1 and Platform 4 have to share the same line), the line as a whole is operated under a tight time schedule.
- 心御柱は、社殿の中央にある柱のことであるが、建築構造上、意味をなさない柱であり、本来は神の依代であったと考えられる。
- Shin-no-mihashira, which is in the center of a pavillion structure, is a non-structural post, and is considered to have been yorishiro, an object originally capable of attracting kami.
- 温泉旅館は季節変動もあり、もともと高収益な事業構造ではないが、施設・設備の更新競争・大型化のため、借入を重ねてきた。
- Although the onsen-ryokan business is not lucrative by its nature due to seasonal variations in the number of travelers, they have repeatedly borrowed money to finance their competition in increasing or upgrading facilities and equipment.
- 国土交通省令で定める索道施設に関する工事計画(工事を必要としない場合にあつては、索道施設の構造。次条において同じ。)
- A construction plan concerning the cableway facilities prescribed by an ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism I (in the cases where construction is not required, the structure of cableway. The same shall apply to the next Article).
- 口元から顎を覆う横布は顎の下に引下げて顔をあらわにすることも可能な構造になっており、色は黒、茶、紺などの系統が多い。
- The horizontal cloth, which covers the mouth and the jaws, can be pulled down to show the wearer's face, and the color of Sojuro-zukin is, in most cases, black, brown, dark blue, or the like.
- 美観地区が定められると、この美観地区内では、地方自治体の条例によって、建築物の構造や設備を規制することが可能となる。
- Once an aesthetic area is designated, the structures and facilities of buildings in the area can be restricted by regulations of the local government.
- 舁き山車の場合は 担ぐゆえの構造的な軽量さから、次のような派手な動きが多く、また太鼓台の差し上げに通じるものが多い。
- Kakidashi is structurally light so as to be lifted up, and it includes more showy performances as follows, which are also commonly observed features of Sashiage for Taikodai.
- 大乗仏教は、その構造上利他行を通じて罪の救済を得られる教えとなっており、この点が豪族たちに受け入れられたと思われる。
- The reason Mahayana Buddhism became popular among local ruling families might be that it taught that sin was forgiven through Ritako (Altruistic Practice).
- ケーブル・バックド ボウの構造も、現在の建設技術としての様々な緊張梁(ハイテンション・ビーム)と基本原理は同じである。
- The structure of the cable backed bow also has the same basic principle as various high-tension beams seen in construction techniques at present.
- 第十九条第四項の規定による届出をしないで第二種貯蔵所の位置、構造若しくは設備の変更の工事をした者又は虚偽の届出をした者
- of Article 19 or has submitted a fraudulent notification report;
- 日本統治時代の台湾は植民地型経済構造であり、総論的には台湾の資源と労働力を日本内地の発展のために利用していたと言える。
- The economy of Taiwan under Japanese rule was a colonial economy, which means that Japan used the resources and labors of Taiwan for the domestic development of mainland Japan.
- かつては鎌倉時代の作とされたこともあったが、作風、構造等の特色から、平安時代末期、12世紀頃の作と見るのが妥当である。
- It used to be believed to date from the Kamakura period but characteristics such as its style and composition make it now thought to have been carved somewhat earlier in the 12th century in the late Heian period.
- その後、太閤検地により、土地には直接の耕作者の権利しか認められなくなり、以前までの重層的支配構造は名実共に解消された。
- After that, based on the Taiko kenchi, only new cultivator's rights became effective, resulting in the disappearance of the old multilayered land governance structure in both reality and in name.
- マイケル・ファラデーの『ロウソクの科学』では、和蝋燭の芯の換気構造をファラデーが驚きを持って聴衆に語るエピソードがある。
- 'The Chemical History of a Candle' by Michael FARADAY recounts an episode of FARADAY delivering a lecture amazedly on the ventilation system of warosoku wicks.
- 構造上、呼気によって内部が結露しやすく、そのまま演奏し続けると簧に水滴が付いて音高が狂い、やがて音そのものが出なくなる。
- Due to its structure, internal condensation from breath easily builds up and, if performed continually, water drops on the shita will distort the pitch and eventually lead to loss of sound.
- これに対し、マンションは鉄筋コンクリート造、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造、鉄骨造、もしくはその他の構造で建築されたものを指す。
- On the other hand, 'mansion' refers to a construction that has a reinforced concrete structure, steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) structure, steel-framed structure or the architecture that has some other structure.
- 天守には、通常の櫓としての防御性や耐火性、耐震性等の構造的な実用性のほかに象徴的な建物としての装飾性が必要となっていた。
- Tenshu needed to have not only structural practicality, including protective quality, fire resistance, and quake resistance as a usual Yagura, but also decorative quality as a symbolic structure.
- なお、平面部分の道路の基礎は、難波宮跡中心部の遺構を破壊しないよう、地下に杭を打ち込まないような特殊な構造となっている。
- A special structural design was used for the foundation of the street-level section of the expressway whereby no stakes were driven into the ground so as not to damage the center section of the Naniwa no Miya Palace ruins.
- その中にあって日本の律令国家体制では、天皇は中国の皇帝と並ぶものであり、唐と同様、日本を中華とする帝国構造を有していた。
- Japan, included in this group of small empires, had a system of ritsuryo kokka, where the emperor was in a position comparable to the emperor of China and Japan had an imperial structure in which Japan was regarded as the center of the world, similarly to Tang.
- 炭直下の灰に埋め込むものの構造はU字型に曲げられたパイプであり、炭を覆うものに比して火箸で炭の世話をしやすい利点がある。
- Built to be buried in the charcoal directly below is a u-shaped pipe which makes it comparatively easy to control the charcoal by use of metal chop sticks.
- 最終的には太閤検地により、土地には直接の耕作者の権利しか認められなくなり、以前までの重層的支配構造は名実共に解消された。
- Eventually, by taiko kenchi (the cadastral surveys conducted by Hideyoshi), only the right of direct cultivator was admitted to the land, and the previous stratified ruling structure disappeared both in name and reality.
- 鎌倉幕府の基本的な主従制構造は、武家の棟梁である鎌倉殿(≒征夷大将軍)と御家人との御恩と奉公の関係により成り立っていた。
- The fundamental lord and vassal structure of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was formed through obligation performed by Kamakura-dono (lord of Kamakura) who was a toryo (head of samurai clan) corresponding to seii taishogun to gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate during the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods), and service performed by gokenin to Kamakura-dono.
- 構造としては底に小さな穴の開いた瓶が逆さに伏せた状態で土中に埋められており、底は水が溜まるように粘土などで固められている。
- About structure, it is an inverted jar with a tiny hole in the bottom buried in the soil and the bottom is fixed with clay such that it collects some water.
- 仏堂にするため一部改造されているが、当時の寺院建築にみられるような、板敷を除けば唐の強い影響を受けた建築構造となっている。
- It was partly reformed to a Buddhist temple, and its building structure except for the wooden floors, commonly seen in the architecture of temples in those days, was influenced strongly by Tang.
- 日本書紀の記述からこの宮の構造は、南に「南門」を構えその北に諸大夫の勤する「庁」が並ぶ「朝庭」が広がっていたと推測される。
- Based on the description of the Nihon Shoki, the palace is estimated to have had the 'south gate' and the 'Imperial Court' with several 'cho' agencies Shodaibu (lower aristocracy) worked for, on the north side of the gate.
- 中身が刳り貫かれており中空構造になっており、通常は割れが生じないよう数カ所糸で巻き締め固定し、仕上げに漆で塗り固めてある。
- It is hollow; and usually wrapped with thread at a few points, fixed, and finished with lacquer so that it won't crack.
- 縁側(えんがわ)は、日本の日本の住宅に独特の構造で、家屋の建物の縁(へり)部分に張り出して設けられた板敷き状の通路である。
- Engawa is a term used to refer to a wooden-floored corridor built along the outside of the house building, which is a structure unique to Japanese traditional houses.
- しかし文明が発達し人口も徐々に増え、国家や領土という社会構造が出来るにつれ、世界中で大規模な争いが起きるようになってゆく。
- However, along with the development of civilization, the gradual increase of population, and the establishment of social structure such as countries and land, large wars had occurred all over the world.
- 鏡柱と控柱を一つの大きな屋根に収める構造の薬医門を簡略化したもので、屋根を小ぶりにして守備側の死角を減らす工夫が施された。
- It is a simplified type of the structure of the Yakui-mon gate (a gate architecture) with a large roof supported by Kagamibashira (main front pillars) and Hikaebashira (rear support pillars), for which ingenuity was exercised in reducing blind spots for defense by making the roof smaller.
- 木構造の建築では、大壁の場合、漆喰やモルタルなどを塗り篭める塗壁(建築)や、木板や金属板などを張る張り壁、で仕上げられる。
- In the case of wooden buildings, large walls are plastered walls coated with lime plaster and mortar, or covered wooden boards or metal sheets.
- いわゆる「お米屋さん」でよく見かける、一般家庭で消費される食用米を精白するための横型精米機とは、構造も機能もまるで異なる。
- The structure and function of this vertical type rice-milling machine is completely different from that of a horizontal rice polisher, which is often seen in 'a rice shop' to polish rice to be consumed by general households.
- 小形ながら頑丈無比の耐火耐震構造、さらに威厳を損ねぬよう荘厳重厚なデザインになるようにとの苦心の跡が垣間見えるようである。
- Hoan-den provides observers with a glimpse of the great efforts to attain a fire-proof and earthquake-proof structure with matchless strength despite its small size, as well as a design with solemnity and gravity so as not to damage dignity.
- この時代の明かり障子の構造は、四周に框を組み、太い竪桟二本に横桟を四本わたし、片面に絹または薄紙を貼ったものであったという。
- Apparently the Akari-shoji of this time was made by setting Kamachi in four directions, handing four crossbars to big two tatezan (vertical frame), and pasting silk or tissue paper on one side.
- これは「甕城(おうじょう)」と呼ばれ、洋の東西を問わず普遍的に見られる防御構造であり、日本城郭では「虎口」がこれに相当する。
- This is called 'ojo' (fortress or a checkpoint in ancient China) which is found universally in all parts of the world, and corresponds to 'koguchi' in citadels in Japan.
- 構造的には軒下の一種であるが、風雨を避けるための簡易的な壁を回しているため、屋外なのか屋内なのか、判断が難しいところである。
- The kitchen is a type of under-eave structure, but because simple walls surround it, it is difficult to judge whether the kitchen is outdoors or indoors.
- 二本差しや木刀を用いるようになったのは、日本刀の刀身が構造上壊れやすくなっているので、勝負の最中に刀が折れるのを嫌ったため。
- Nihon-to (Japanese sword) is brittle and often broken in the middle of fights; in order to avoid that, Musashi began to prepare two wooden swords.
- 屋敷一帯は、浅草新町とも弾左衛門囲内とも呼ばれた広い区画であったが、周囲を寺社や塀で囲われ内部が見通せない構造になっていた。
- The residential complex was extended in a vast area called Asakusa Shinmachi or Danzaemon Kakoiuchi (premise) and since the residence was surrounded by temples, shrines and walls, the inside was not visible externally.
- 内部は土間、板間、座敷の3部分に分かれ、土間・板間部分は天井板を張らず、貫・梁などの構造材をそのまま見せた豪快な造りになる。
- The interior is divided into an unfloored room, a wooden-floored room and a tatami-mat room, of which the unfloored and wooden-floored rooms do not have ceilings but allow the nuki (penetrating tie beams) and hari (beams) to be seen.
- その先西側の京都バスターミナルに面した側にはロッテリアがあり、かつては、構内1番線ホーム側からも利用できる構造となっていた。
- There is a Lotteria shop on the west side down the road on the side facing the Kyoto bus terminal, which used to be available from Platform 1 in the station.
- また、土曜・休日・多客期には2編成をつないで6両編成で運行することもある(非貫通構造のため3号車と4号車の通り抜けは不可)。
- Six-car trains, combining two sets of three-car trains, are sometimes used on Saturdays, Sundays or in the seasons when many passengers are expected to use these trains, but one can't move between the third train car and the fourth train car because no passage between them is provided.
- 伏見城をイメージした模擬天守(鉄筋コンクリート構造)とジェットコースター、ゴーカートなどの遊戯施設およびプールなどがあった。
- There were a replica of a keep copying Fushimi-jo Castle (reinforced concrete structure), attractions including roller coasters, go-cart trucks and a swimming pool.
- 荘園公領制(しょうえんこうりょうせい)とは、日本の中世日本における、荘園と公領を土台とした、重層的土地支配構造のことである。
- The Shoen-Koryo system was a multilayered land governance structure which was grounded in shoen (manors) and lands under the control of the koryo (feudal government) in medieval times in Japan.
- 九鬼周造は『「いき」の構造』において、いきを「他の言語に全く同義の語句が見られない」ことから日本独自の美意識として位置付けた。
- In his book, he positioned it as an aesthetic sense original to Japan, considering that 'other languages do not have any synonymous words.'
- 第一種製造者は、製造のための施設を、その位置、構造及び設備が第八条第一号の技術上の基準に適合するように維持しなければならない。
- A Class 1 Producer shall maintain the facilities for production so as to keep the location, construction and equipment of the facilities in conformity with the technical standards under item (i) of Article 8.
- 飾り外廻縁と高欄を持ち、切妻破風、入母屋破風、千鳥破風、唐破風が組み合った、複雑な構造美と輪郭の荘厳な景観の意匠となっている。
- The design includes decorative wrap-around verandas with high handrails and a combination of gables in various styles such as the kirizuma-style, irimoya-style, chidori-style, and kara-style, presenting a complex and beautiful structure and outline as well as a magnificent sight to visitors.
- 建物は文永7年(1270年)と元禄6年 - 7年(1693年 - 1694年)に修理されており、屋根構造は近世風になっている。
- The structure was repaired in 1270 and from 1693 to 1694 and the roof is of early-modern style.
- さらにいえば、厳密な百姓身分、町人身分とされたのは家の筆頭者だけであり、それ以外に村内、町内には細かな身分構造が存在していた。
- Besides, only the head of the family was categorized under the peasant or the townsmen class in a strict sense, with subdivided classes in villages and towns.
- 一般にナンバープレートがある位置と後部ドア付近に菊の紋章が施され、前方・後方のドアが観音開きの構造になっているのが特色である。
- The characteristics of goryosha are the (Imperial) crest of the chrysanthemum placed where number plate is usually displayed, and near the rear door and the (hinged) double doors of front and rear doors.
- ただ、武蔵府中熊野神社古墳と同じ上円下方墳であり、古墳内の構造も似ている天文台構内古墳が約7.5キロメートル東側の三鷹市にある。
- Having said this, however, there is Tenmondai Konai Kofun-Tumulus which is a dome-shaped tumulus, similar in form and internal structure to Musashi Fuchu Kumano Jinja Tumulus, in Mitaka City, some 7.5 kilometers east of the Musashi Fuchu Kumano Jinja Tumulus.
- 団扇の歴史は、その意匠(形状、材質、構造)ならびに機能・用途、意味・意義、背景・時代の特徴からみて、主に5つの時代に分類できる。
- The history of Uchiwa fan can mainly be categorized into five periods according to its design (shape, material, and structure), function and purpose, meaning and significance, background and period it existed.
- 茅葺(かやぶき)とは、カヤ (草)(ススキやチガヤなど)を材料にして葺く家屋の屋根の構造の一つで、茅葺き屋根、茅葺屋根ともいう。
- Kayabuki is a type of roof structure using kaya (grass) (Japanese pampas grass or cogon) as the material for thatching and is also called kaya-thatched roof.
- また、銅材を輸出して銅銭(元銭)を輸入するという構造も当時、貨幣を鋳造することが出来なかった日本の特殊事情を反映したものである。
- Also, the practice of exporting copper materials and importing copper coins (the Yuan currency) indicates the Japan's special circumstance, the fact that Japan did not have the ability to cast copper into coins at the time.
- 中世の朝廷における官制は基本的には律令国家の令の規定を継承したものであり、表面上深刻な構造上の変化をなしていないように思われる。
- Governmental regulations of Imperial Court in the medieval period was basically a succession of provisions of ryo (administrative code) in the system of the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes, and it seems that there was no profound structural change on the face.
- ラッシュ時には外側線に快速電車を運転したかったのだが、貨物や優等列車などの列車密度の関係と、芦屋や高槻駅の駅構造の問題があった。
- Although the Bureau wanted to operate rapid trains on the outer track during rush hours, it was difficult due to the relationship with fright trains and superior trains as well as the structure of Ashiya and Takatsuki stations.
- 桃山御陵前駅~向島駅間の宇治川に架かる澱川鉄橋が日本最長164.6mの単純トラス橋構造となったのは、このような複雑な事情による。
- Due to such complicated circumstances, Yodogawa-bashi (Railway) Bridge spanning the Uji-gawa River between Momoyama Goryo-mae Station and Mukaijima was constructed as the longest simple truss structured bridge in Japan, with a length of 164.6 meters.
- これらの建物は梁行二間の母屋(もや:主構造が柱と屋根の屋)だけで作られており、廂(ひさし)がまだ発達していない簡素な様式であった。
- These buildings are of simple style before hisashi (eaves or aisles) was developed, which consisted of only moya (the core of a building with only post and roof) of 3.6 m wide in a simple style without hisashi.
- 現代の金属学においても「折れず、曲がらず」を「強度と靭性の両立」とよび構造材料の改良研究が日夜行われているのは今も昔も変わらない。
- In the modern metallurgy, 'not break and not bend' is called 'compatibility of strength and tenacity' and improvement research of structural material has still being done night and day.
- 上長下短の構造は一見バランスが悪いように見えるが、握りの位置が丁度弓の震動の節にあたり、持ち手に来る振動が少ないという利点がある。
- While it seems as though the longer top and short bottom seem to be unbalanced, the grip rests at the center of the vibration and brings less vibration to the archer.
- 八橋検校の箏作品には「箏組歌」(箏伴奏付き歌曲)と「段物」(器楽曲)の二種があり、いずれも整然とした楽式構造を持つのが特徴である。
- Kengyo YATSUHASHI produced two types of work, i.e. 'So-kumiuta' (songs accompanied by koto) and 'Danmono' (solo instrumental music for koto), both featuring well-organized musical structures.
- 3番線が乗降分離できない構造となっているため、3番線に入るとクロスシートにしても折り返しの際にシートを回転できなくなるためである。
- Because, Platform 3 has a structure that does not permit division of the incoming/outgoing flow, and when the train enters on Platform 3, even if the cross seats are set, it cannot turn around to adjust to the direction of the train turning back on the track.
- 近年では使用する道具を改良、従来器具のクッション劣化による危険性の増加を防ぐため、ビニール製の風船構造を持つ器具が使用されている。
- In recent years, the equipments were improved to new ones which were made of vinyl with balloon structure while the old ones had a risk of cushion deterioration.
- 賛否両論あったが、クラブの収入構造を変えていく為にはやむを得ないという説明が、シーズン前のサポーターカンファレンスの中でなされた。
- Although there were arguments for and against it, the club explained that the raise was necessary to change the income structure of the club from now on in the Supporters Conference before the season.
- 琵琶湖が形成された時期は、約400万年~600万年前で、現在の三重県伊賀市平田に地殻変動によってできた構造湖であった(大山田湖)。
- Lake Biwa originated as a tectonic lake (Lake Oyamada); it formed approximately four to six million years ago around the present-day Hirata in Iga City, Mie Prefecture, as the result of tectonic movement.
- これは刃先は硬く、芯に向かうと硬さが徐々に下がるいわゆる傾斜機能構造を持つことで圧縮残留応力を刃先に発生させることで実現されている。
- This has been realized by having so-called functionally-gradated structure that the cutting edge is hard, and the hardness is gradually decreased to the core, which makes compressive residual stress generate at the cutting edge.
- 第二種製造者は、製造のための施設を、その位置、構造及び設備が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合するように維持しなければならない。
- A Class 2 Producer shall maintain the facilities for production so as to keep the location, construction and equipment of the facilities in conformity with the technical standards specified by an Ordinance of METI.
- アジアの遊牧民の地上世界観にも、一定の秩序原理に基づき地理的限定を含まないという意味で「天下」概念と類似した構造を見ることができる。
- A similarity to the notion of 'Tenka' that it is formed based on the fixed principle of order and does not include geographical notion is seen in the world view of the Asian nomads.
- 構造としては名前の通り「丈の短い袿」で、唐衣や表衣と同様に高価な織物から調製されるのを慣例とし、これを着用するときには裳をつけない。
- As the name implies, these were short uchiki and like karaginu and uwagi, they were usually made of expensive fabric but were worn without a mo (a kind of stylized apron).
- この場合には、全体として「落とし噺」の構造を取り、なかにところどころ歌舞伎ふうの台詞廻しが混じる程度で、立って所作を行うことはない。
- In these kinds of shibai-banashi, the story is similar to an otoshi-banashi as a whole, and some parts contain dramatic, kabuki-like lines and gestures, but the performer does not stand up or pose as part of the performance.
- 『八犬伝』の物語構造や人物配置には仏教説話・日本神話、あるいは民間信仰などのモチーフが複合的に投影されていると解釈する研究者もいる。
- Some researchers interpret the organization of 'Hakkenden' and its arrangement of characters as comprehensively reflecting motifs from preaching story of Buddhism, Japanese Mythology and folk beliefs, folk religion.
- 軽くて扇部がへたらない構造として、竹または蒲葵(びろう)や芭蕉の骨と紙を素材とする「現在のかたち」の原型となったのは室町時代末である。
- It was the end of the Muromachi period when the model of 'Current type' of Uchiwa fan was established by using bamboo-made frame and paper made from areca nut palm or Japanese banana, aimed at lightening the structure with a strong fan part.
- 後者の意味では衣、食、住などの日常生活全般に関わる慣習や、芸能、道徳、宗教から政治、経済といった社会構造まで、その範疇は非常に幅広い。
- The latter meaning covers a very wide category from customs relating to general daily life including clothing, food and housing, entertainment, moral and religion, to a social structure including politics and economy.
- お釜で炊かれた豆乳は、前述の通り濃度が薄いので、蛋白分子が繋がった網の目構造の網の目が粗いものとなる(濃度が濃いと、緻密な網となる)。
- Because the soy milk boiled in the iron pot has low concentrations as mentioned above, the net-like mesh structure in which protein molecules connect becomes rough (high concentrations make a fine-mesh net).
- 食用米の精米機と、酒造米の精米機は、構造的に大きく異なる部分があり、後者は昭和初期に縦型精米機が出現して以降、飛躍的に効率が高まった。
- The rice-milling machines for food rice are greatly different in structure from those for rice for sake brewing and the efficiency of the latter has dramatically improved since the appearance of the vertical-type rice-milling machine early in the Showa period.
- 布団屋根以外の形態としては 神輿屋根や山車型の破風屋根のもの、また布団や屋根のないもの(支輪まで、または高欄までの簡素な構造)がある。
- In addition to the futonyane style, there are several different styles of the roofs; the mikoshi-yane (a roof of mikoshi), the gable roof in dashi form, and no roof nor huton (simple structure with up to the shirin or the koran from the base).
- この商品は、包装に3層構造の合成樹脂フイルムを使用するとともに酸素除去のために不活性ガスを充填することで長期間風味を保つことに成功した。
- This product succeeded in retaining that savory quality for a long period by adopting three-layered synthetic resin as a wrapping and by filling the wrapping with inert gas to displace the oxygen.
- なお長唄でも地歌の影響を受けて、江戸時代末期になると楽式的には地歌の手事物とほぼ同じ構造で、長い「合方」を聴かせる曲がいくつか作られた。
- Influenced by jiuta, some chokas, which had almost the same structure as the tegoto of jiuta in terms of musical structure and had long 'aikata' (partner) songs, were composed in the end of the Edo period.
- 神社建築においては、屋根の最頂部にある構造材の棟木(むなぎ)の上に鰹木(かつおぎ)と呼ぶ屋根を押さえる重石の役目を担う水平材が取り付く。
- In shrine and temple buildings, straight pieces of wood called Katsuogi are placed on the ridge wood provided at the top of a roof, to press and fix the roof.
- 古墳は規模や化粧方法の違いとともにその平面形状によってと、さらに埋葬の中心施設である主体部の構造や形態によって細かく分類編年されている。
- Kofun is chronologically and particularly classified according to the size, decoration, surface shape, as well as the construction and shape of the main part, which is the most important part of entombment.
- 鉄骨構造の建築物において、鉄工所などで製作された柱や梁になる鋼材をクレーンなどで吊り上げて組み立てる(建て方・建て込みとも呼ばれる)鳶。
- Tekkotsutobi is a workman who operates a crane to hoist and assemble (also called 'takekata' or 'tatekomi') steel members such as columns and beams manufactured in iron factories to construct steel buildings.
- 全国的には、現在わかっている日本最古の住居跡が見つかったことで知られ、そこでは後期旧石器時代の住居の構造が明らかになったことが特筆される。
- Nationally, the remains are known as a place where the oldest-in-Japan dwelling site was found, and in particular, the structure of a dwelling in the latter part of the Paleolithic period was made clear there.
- 実際1966年10月からは芦屋・高槻の両駅が外側線からホームに入れる駅構造に変更になった事から、内側線の快速の一部を外側線に移行している。
- In fact, since October of 1966, some Rapid trains running on the inner tracks have been transferred to the outer tracks after both Ashiya and Takatsuki stations changed their configurations enabling to lead trains from outer tracks onto the platform tracks.
- 内陣の本尊・不滅の法灯と中陣の参詣者の高さが同じという珍しい構造になっており、これを天台造又は中堂造と呼ばれ、天台仏堂の特色を示している。
- The building has a unique structure in that the height of the principal image and the Eternal Light in the inner chamber are at the same height of the visitors in the central chamber and it is known as Tendai-zukuri or Chudo-zukuri, which is a characteristic of Tendai Buddhist temples.
- 内部がフィルターで仕切られた二層構造になっており、缶底に仕込まれた本物のコーヒー豆から自販機の加温を利用して直接コーヒーを抽出する仕組み。
- The can inside was separated with a filter making it a double layer structure with real coffee beans being enclosed on the bottom, where coffee was directly extracted from the beans when heated in a vending machine.
- その特徴は、"折り返し鍛錬法"で鍛え上げられた鋼を素材とする点と、刀身となかご(茎 (刀)、中心)が一体となった構造である。
- They feature 'a process of folding and forging' two types of metal, hard brittle steel and soft iron, so the Toshin (body of blade) and Nakago (core) are combined together.
- これと同じように、内でもなければ外でもないという縁側に、空間を仕切る意識が希薄な日本家屋空間独特の曖昧さの構造を見るという文化論も語られる。
- In a similar manner, it is sometimes said that an ambiguous characteristic unique to Japanese houses, in which intention to clearly partition spaces is weak, can also be found in Engawa, which is not totally outside the building but not totally inside the building either.
- 中国から伝わった柑橘の中から突然変異して生まれたとされ、親は明らかではないが、近年のゲノム解析の結果クネンボと構造が似ているとの研究がある。
- It is said that it was result of a mutation of citrus imported from China, and although the parents are not known, recent researches on genome show that its structure is similar to Citrus nobilis Lour.
- 第一項の試験においては、その試験用の特定計量器の構造が第七十一条第一項第一号の経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合するときは、合格とする。
- In the test set forth in paragraph 1, a specified measuring instrument shall pass if the structure of the specified measuring instrument for testing conforms to the technical standards specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry set forth in Article 71, paragraph 1, item 1.
- さらに勝元は勘合貿易の問題から大内教弘、河野通春らと敵対していたが、宗全はこれを支援するなどしたことから、細川と山名の対立構造が生じ始めた。
- Furthermore, Katsumoto fought against Norihiro OUCHI and Michiharu KONO due to tally trade issues, but Sozen supported them, and this led to a conflict between the HOSOKAWA and YAMANA clans.
- 本家(ほんけ)は、日本の荘園における重層的土地支配構造(荘園公領制、職の体系を参照)上、最上位に位置づけられる土地の名義上の所有権者である。
- Honke is a nominal owner of the highest-graded patches of land under the stratified land ruling structure of Japanese Shoen (refer to the Shiki system in the shoen koryo sei (The System of Public Lands and Private Estates) section).
- 基本的な構造としては、毎年の恒例行事を1月から12月まで月ごとに配列した「恒例」と臨時に発生する行事について記した「臨時」に分けられている。
- Basically, the structure is divided into two parts: 'Annual' where annual events per month were lined up from January to December and 'Temporary' where descriptions are given about the events that took place on a temporary basis.
- 東西約400メートル、南北300メートルの範囲内に竪穴式住居があって、二重の空堀が巡り、空堀の構造は大阪府和泉市の観音寺山遺跡に共通している。
- Within the area of about 400 meters from east to west and 300 meters from north to south, there are pit dwelling houses surrounded by double karabori (dry moat), of which the structure is in common with Kannonjiyama Site in Izumi City, Osaka Prefecture.
- そして竹材も熱を加える事などで、同じ竹でも物性の違う材料(現在の炭素繊維やカーボンファイバーに近いもの)を生み出し、構造も複雑になっていった。
- In addition, the material of bamboo was changed to the one which had different characteristics (closer to presently used carbon fiber) by adding heat or other processes, and the composition of Chokyu became complicated.
- 第一種貯蔵所の所有者又は占有者は、第一種貯蔵所を、その位置、構造及び設備が第十六条第二項の技術上の基準に適合するように維持しなければならない。
- The owner or possessor of a Class 1 Storage Place shall maintain the Class 1 Storage Place so as to keep its location, construction and equipment in conformity with the technical standards under paragraph (2) of Article 16.
- 近世城郭はその多くが枡形、あるいはそれに類する虎口を備え、侵入した攻撃側が容易に直進できないようにするため右折または左折構造を採る場合が多い。
- Castle walls constructed in the Azuchi and Edo periods mostly had Masugata or similar types of Koguchi, and to prevent an enemy from easily proceeding straight, many of the paths following the first gate were designed to bend to the right or left.
- 難波宮跡公園の北側を東西に通る阪神高速道路阪神高速13号東大阪線は、ほぼ全線が高架構造にもかかわらず、難波宮跡付近の部分だけ平面となっている。
- Virtually the entire Hanshin Expressway (No.13) Higashi Osaka Route which runs east to west on the north side of Naniwa no Miya Historical Park is an elevated expressway except for the part near the remains of Naniwa no Miya Palace which is at street level.
- 秀吉の刀狩は、百姓等のみならず寺社勢力の武器没収も意味しており、この結果として約五百年間続いた寺社勢力は日本の権力構造から消えることとなった。
- Hideyoshi's Katanagari (sword hunt) meant that not only from the farmers but also weapons owned by jisha seiryoku were collected and this led to the disappearance of jisha seiryoku from the power structure of Japan after 500 years of existence.
- 海外における石炭の探鉱に必要な地質構造の調査その他の石炭の安定的な供給の確保に資する情報の収集及び提供並びに石炭の生産に必要な技術に関する指導
- Collection and provision of information concerning the geological surveys necessary for coal exploration in foreign countries and of other information that will contribute to ensuring a stable supply of coal, and guidance concerning the technology necessary for coal production.
- また、美的な意味において日本の家紋は象徴的なデフォルメとシンプルな構造から、海外でもよく知られており、家紋を利用したデザインもしばしば見られる。
- Moreover, from an aesthetic aspect, Japanese Kamon are well known abroad because of the symbolic design and simple structure, and is often used in various designs.
- 構造上では、望楼型と層塔型に分けられ、外観上、特異なものには、特に規定はないものの、復古・略式・唐造・八棟造などとさらに細かく分けることがある。
- Tenshu are divided into Borogata and Sotogata in structure, and as for the externally peculiar ones, although there is no particular standard, they are sometimes further divided into Fukko (revival), Ryakushiki (informal), Kara-zukuri, Yatsumune-zukuri (a complicated roof style with multiple ridges and bargeboards, or large vernacular house built in this style) types, and so on.
- 国際法の用語には、「性」・「義」といった儒教的なことばが法と接続して使用され、中国人が国際法をより自然法に近づけて理解しやすい構造となっている。
- In terms of international law, words with Confucian words such as '性' and '義' were used in combination with '法' and, therefore, the structure became such that made Chinese easily understand international law bringing it closer to natural law.
- 拝殿 寛永2年(1625年)徳川頼宣の寄進によって建立による割拝殿の構造となっている建物 中国の登龍門の故事に基づいた極彩色彫刻が唐破風元にある
- Worship hall: This divided worship hall was constructed in 1625 using funds donated by Yorinobe TOKUGAWA and the richly colored carvings on the undulating bargeboard are based on the Chinese legend of a carp passing through a gate to become a dragon
- さらに、これらの山脈は、東西方向に走る地質構造に影響されて、果無山脈、大塔山地といった東西方向に走る山脈を多数派生・交差させながら発達している。
- These mountain ranges are influenced by the geological structure that extends east and west, and derives and crosses a lot of mountain ranges including the Hatenashi Mountain Range and the Oto mountains which run east and west.
- この時代の明かり障子の構造は、四周(ししゅう)に框(かまち)を組み、太い竪桟二本に横桟を四本わたし、片面に絹または薄紙を貼ったものであったという。
- It is said that, in those days, akari shoji was fabricated with a structure consisting of a frame, two thick vertical crosspieces and four horizontal crosspieces, and a sheet of silk fabric or thin paper pasted over one side of the structure.
- 慶安3年(1650年)に建てられた城郭のような構造で複雑な屋根の葺き方から別名「八つ棟」(やつむね)または「八つ棟造り」と呼ばれている建物である。
- It is a castle-like structure built in 1650 being also known as Yatsumune or Yatsumune-zukuri (a complicated roof style with multiple ridges and bargeboards) because of its complex roofing design.
- 日蓮正宗(大石寺)の仏壇は他宗派の仏壇と比べて構造が全く異なり、寺院の厨子に模した扉が内部に取り付けられ、最近では厨子型の仏壇も多く作られている。
- Butsudan of Nichiren Sho Sect (Taiseki-ji Temple) is quite different in configuration from those of other sects, since it is equipped with a door copied from zushi, while, recently, many assembled zushi-type butsudan can be seen.
- 第二種貯蔵所の所有者又は占有者は、第二種貯蔵所を、その位置、構造及び設備が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合するように維持しなければならない。
- The owner or possessor of a Class 2 Storage Place shall maintain the Class 2 Storage Place so as to keep its location, construction and equipment in conformity with the technical standards specified by an Ordinance of METI.
- 宣長の打ち出した国学による「もののあはれを知る」合理研究は、漢式の構造的な論理では救済不能な日本固有の共感による心情の浄化プロセスの追及であった。
- The reasoning to affirm authenticity, the study to `adopt an outlook of compassion' based on the Japanese classical literature developed by Norinaga was to pursue the process of cleansing sympathetic feelings that are specific to Japan, not possible in Han-style structural logic.
- 中古中期における『源氏』受容史の最大の特徴は、それが『源氏』の文体、世界、物語構造を受継ぐ諸種の作品の出現をうながしたところにあるといえるだろう。
- The biggest characteristic in the history of acceptance for 'The Tale of Genji' at the midpoint of the medieval ages could be that it encouraged the emergence of certain kinds of works that inherited its style, world and narrative structure.
- 「軍の統帥権は天皇にあるのだから政府の方針に従う必要は無い」と憲法を拡大解釈して軍が大きな力を持つこととなった(権力の二重構造、統帥権干犯問題)。
- Stretching interpretation of the constitution the military insisted that 'they do not have to follow the government policies because the Supreme Command lies on the Emperor' and the military gained power (Dual System of Power and the Problem of the infringement of Independence of the Supreme Command)
- このような不条理な演出が可能となっている理由として梅若は、能が一般に「ワキの夢の中でシテが夢を見ている」という難解な構造を持っていることを指摘した。
- To explain such an irrational scene, UMEWAKA points out that Noh has in general an incomprehensible structure such as 'Nohwaki dreaming of protagonist (Shite) who is also dreaming in it.'
- 木・竹・皮など天然素材を生かしたものが多く、近代・現代西洋音楽の複雑な機構を備えたピアノやベーム式フルートなどの楽器と比較すると、構造は簡潔である。
- Many Wagakki are made of natural materials such as wood, bamboo, leather, etc., and are simpler in structure than musical instruments such as pianos or Boehm flutes, which have a complicated structure required for Western music of the early modern and modern eras.
- 水が、米粒の外側から、中心部の酒米構造(杜氏蔵人言葉では「目んたま」)と呼ばれるデンプン質の多い部分へ浸透していくと、米粒が文字通り透き通ってくる。
- When water has penetrated from the outside of a rice grain into the central structure of sakamai (rice for brewing sake) where starch content is high (according to the language of toji and other workers in brewery 'mentama' (literally, 'eyeball'), the rice grain become literally transparent.
- これは構造は鉄筋コンクリート造であったが、外観は木の柱を露出させその間にレンガ壁を組んだハーフティンバー工法で、淀川を見渡すテラスが備えられていた。
- Its frame structure is made of ferroconcrete, and the exterior half-timbered with brick walls between exposed wooden pillars, equipped with a terrace overlooking the Yodo-gawa River.
- 入母屋造の屋根は、上部においては切妻造(長辺側から見て前後二方向に勾配をもつ)、下部においては寄棟造(前後左右四方向へ勾配をもつ)となる構造をもつ。
- An irimoya style roof is composed of a kirizuma-zukuri style roof in its upper part (which inclines backward and forward when viewed from the longer side of the roof) and a yosemune-zukuri style roof in the lower part (which inclines in each of the four sides of a rectangular house).
- 第十四条第一項の許可を受けないで製造のための施設の位置、構造若しくは設備の変更の工事をし、又は製造をする高圧ガスの種類若しくは製造の方法を変更した者
- A person who, without the permission required under paragraph (1) of Article 14, has executed construction work to change the location, structure or equipment of facilities for production or has changed the type or the method of production of the high pressure gas produced;
- 基本的な楽式構造は、前唄 - 手事 - 後唄という三段構成をとるが、大曲になると前唄 - 手事 - 中唄 - 手事 - 後唄という構成のものも多い。
- The basic music form structure has the three-step structure which consists of maeuta (the former song), tegoto (Japanese Koto) and atouta (the latter song), but in large scale songs, many have a structure which consists of maeuta, tegoto, nakauta (the middle song), tegoto and atouta.
- また、資料から伺える「ほいろ」の構造からは、明治までは現在のようにほいろの上で茶葉を終始一貫して揉みながら乾かすという作業を行うことができなかった。
- Judging from the structure of 'hoiro' which we can imagine from materials, up until the Meiji period, it was impossible to carry out the present method in which tea leaves are dried while continuously kneaded on a hoiro.
- しかし、駅が発展すると共に増築に次ぐ増築を重ねたため、地下街を含む商店街や連絡通路などを含めると構内の構造は混迷を極め、大変不便なものになっていた。
- However, with the development of the station the building underwent further extensions repeatedly, and as a consequence the station structure--with its shopping area, including an underground shopping mall and access-ways--became extremely chaotic and terribly inconvenient.
- ハルト・バン・トンダとマイケル・ライオンズによれば、それは方丈の間の中心であり、15の石の配置は、ここを根元とする「二分岐構造」になっているという。
- According to Gert Van Tonder and Michael Lyons, that point is at the center of the Hojo-no-Ma room as the 15 stones are positioned in a forked pattern whose base would be at the center of the room.
- 初期の大学寮においては儒学を教える明経道が中心とされ、律令を教える明法道と算術を教える算道が実務的な観点からこれを補う構造であったと考えられている。
- It is thought that in the early daigakuryo, myogyodo, which was the study of Confucian classics, was centered on supplementary subjects: myobodo to teach the Ritsuryo codes and sando to teach arithmetic, added from practical viewpoints.
- また「町人」と「商人」は異なる身分とみなされていたとする実証的研究もあり、実際の江戸時代の身分制度はかなり錯綜した複雑な構造を持っていたようである。
- As shown in an empirical study which inferred that 'townsmen' and 'merchants' were categorized into different classes, the actual class system in the Edo period was quite a complex and complicated structure.
- 彼は楊時の再伝弟子という李トウとの出会、胡安国の子胡宏の学を承けた張ショク(湖湘学派)との交友によって心の構造論・修養法(主敬静座)への思索を深めた。
- He pursued his thoughts on the theory of structure and training method (sitting on the floor calmly) for the mind through his encounter with Ri To, a pupil of Yo Ji's disciple, and his friendship with Cho Shoku (Kosho school), who inherited the learning from Ko Ko, the child of Ko Ankoku.
- 後期や初期といった区分は、構造上の違いはほとんどなく、年代・発展や、平面規模の逓減率、初重平面が整っていったということにより分けられているものである。
- The division into the early and later periods is done by era/development, decrease rate of plane scale, and improvement of the Shoju (the first story) plane, and not by structural development.
- 当時、石室の天井石は露出していたが、墳丘、石室が残っている事や石室が胴張複室構造である事が判明したため、翌年(1953年)、東京都指定文化財となった。
- The following year (1953), it was designated as an important cultural property of Tokyo because although the stones used for the ceiling of the stone chamber were exposed at the time, the burial mound and the stone chamber remained and it was proved that the stone chamber has a structure called Dohari-fukushitsu-kozo (multiple rooms with a womb-like structure).
- なぜ、三角縁とするかの理由については、ほとんどが凸面鏡であり、三角縁にすると構造上作りやすいから、あるいは、神聖な場所を囲む瑞垣をまねた等の説がある。
- As for the reason for the triangular-rim, there are some theories that most of mirrors were convex and it was structurally easier to make them with a triangular-rim, or that wooden fences surrounding a holy place were the model.
- そのため大鎧は矢の攻撃に対する防御を重視した構造となっており大袖(おおそで)・鳩尾板(きゅうびのいた)・栴檀板(せんだんのいた)等の部品が付属している。
- Therefore, large armor was important in defending from arrow strikes, and the components, such as the large sleeve (Osode), the chest plates (Kyubi-no-ita), and the sandalwood plates (Sendan-no-ita) were attachments.
- 長らく「ハレとケ」の二項図式を公理のようにみなした民俗構造の共時的な分析に傾斜し、もっぱら<「ハレ」の非日常=儀礼や祭り>に対して関心が寄せられていた。
- For a long time, it leaned toward the synchronic analysis of folklore structure that viewed the dichotomy of 'hare and ke' as an axiom, and there was an exclusive interest in the definition of 'hare' referring to non-ordinary events, which were rituals and festivals.
- ちなみに、大友氏の支配構造であるが、当主の下に加伴衆という者6名(大友義鑑によれば同族衆より3名。他3名とする様にとある。が、守られていない。)を置く。
- By the way, in the governance structure of the Otomo clan, six members were placed called kahanshu (important vassals who could cosign and seal onto official documents) under the family head (according to Yoshiaki OTOMO, kahanshu should consist of three members from dozokushu and other three members, although it was not abode by).
- 同様に皇族にも院宮分国制が敷かれ、こうして権門層たる上級貴族、受領層たる国司、大名田堵たる郷司・保司等が結びつき、荘園制とほとんど変わらぬ構造となった。
- Similarly, as for Imperial families, Ingu bunkoku sei (provincial allotment system) was implemented, which means that the high-ranked aristocracy who were kenmon so (influential families), kokushi who were Juryoso (career provincial official class) and daimyo tato (powerful cultivators) who were Goji (local government official under the ritsuryo system) and hoji (an officer governing Kyoto, or public land) were connected with each other and the structure in the case of the Imperial family showed almost no structural difference from the shoen system.
- 「厨子」との区別は必ずしも明確でないが、構造、形式、形態、技法など、実際の社寺建築に準じて製作されたものを「宮殿形厨子」ないし「宮殿」と称することが多い。
- Kuden is not clearly distinguished from 'Zushi', but generally those made like real shrines and temples in their structures, models, forms, and techniques are called 'Kuden-style zushi' or 'Kuden'.
- 建物は1903年(明治36年)に竣工した旧大日本帝国海軍の兵器廠魚形水雷庫のを改装したもので、現存する鉄骨構造の煉瓦建築物としては日本最古級とされている。
- The building is a renovated arsenal torpedo warehouse previously owned by the Imperial Japanese Navy; it was originally completed in 1903 and is one of the oldest existing brick buildings having a steel structure in Japan.
- しかしながら、新世界通天閣では、エッフェル塔式の鉄塔の設計に当たって設楽の遠縁で鉄道技師の八田嘉明を構造担当に迎えるなど、要所を押さえる仕事振りが目立つ。
- However, with the Shin Sekai Tsutenkaku Tower, he concentrated key points like being faithful to the style of the Effel Tower; for this task, he employed Yoshiaki HATTA, a distant relative and a railway engineer, as a person in charge of the structure.
- 地震の多いことが日本の課題の一つであったが、耐震構造技術が進み、かつては百尺(31m)に制限されていた規制も緩和され、超高層建築が建てられるようになった。
- Frequent earthquakes was a problem in Japan, but, as quake-resistant technologies improved, the height restriction of 100 shaku (31m) was eased and more high-rise buildings were constructed.
- この問題に関して、フジッコは2006年10月より「犬食いにならないためのお弁当箱」として「おべんとう丸くん」という2段構造のランチボックスを発売している。
- Concerning this issue, Fujicco Co., LTD. released portable two-tiered food box, 'Obento maru kun,' in October 2006 as 'the lunch box to avoid Inugui.'
- そのため、仮に信長配下の大名の謀反により信長が倒されても、信長傘下でもっとも大勢力をもつ織田家の当主が生き残っていれば、政権が維持できる構造になっていた。
- Under the system, the Oda clan was supposed to be able to stay in power as long as the head of Oda clan having the largest military force survived, even if Nobunaga was killed in a rebellion raised by his vassals.
- 大日本帝国憲法の解釈は、当初、東京大学教授・穂積八束らによる天皇主権説が支配的で、藩閥官僚による専制的な支配構造(いわゆる超然主義)を理論の面から支えた。
- For the interpretation of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the imperial sovereignty theory suggested by Yatsuka HOZUMI, a professor of the University of Tokyo, was dominating and theoretically supported the autocratic ruling structure (what is called the doctrine of superiority) by domain clique bureaucrat.
- この上下非対称の構造のため握りの上下で弓の反発力に差が生じるが、この反発力の差を利用した弓術独特の技術が生まれ、またその技術をより活かす為の造りをしている。
- This asymmetricity upper and lower sides produce a difference in the power of the bow, which results in the characteristic technique of Kyujutsu, and, Wakyu is made to take advantage of this technique.
- その建築様式は合理的な構造、豪放な意匠で大仏殿にはふさわしいものであったが、日本人の好む穏やかな空間とは相容れない面もあり、重源が死去すると大仏様も衰えた。
- Although the architectural style, incorporating rational structure and a bold design, was suitable for the Great Buddha Hall, it was incompatible with the Japanese preference for a serene space, and so Daibutsu-yo lost popularity after the death of Chogen.
- The architectural style is practical in structure and bold in design, which was ideally suited for housing the Great Buddha statue, but there were aspects that conflicted with the Japanese fondness of gentle spaces, and the daibutsu-yo style went into decline following Chogen's death.
- こうした茶室の構造は敷地の広い寺院や武家屋敷にも取り入れられるようになり、中潜りや腰掛待合とつくばいを備えた現在の茶席に見るような様式化した茶庭が成立する。
- Such configuration of tea rooms was also incorporated in temples and samurai residences with huge premises, and the Chatei stylized as in the current tea ceremony is equipped with Nakakuguri (a type of middle gate used to divide an outer tea garden from an inner tea garden), Koshikake-Machiai, and Tsukubai.
- 封建社会の法的・組織的な枠組みを荘園制とともに形づくる封建制がそうであるように、荘園構造もまた、封建的な特徴を示す社会に普遍的な一定現象であるとは言えない。
- Like the feudal system which forms the legal and organizational framework of feudal society as well as the shoen system, the shoen structure was also not a certain universal phenomenon in the society which was characteristically feudal.
- 同様に皇族にも院宮分国制が敷かれ、こうして権門層たる上級貴族、受領層たる国司、大名田堵たる惣司・郷司・保司が結びつき、荘園制とほとんど変わらぬ構造となった。
- In the same manner, the Ingu bunkoku sei (provincial allotment system) was applied to the high-level aristocrats, it formed a structure in which the high-level aristocrats were connected as Kenmonso, the Kokushi as Juryoso, and the Soji, Goji, and Hoji as Daimyo tato, resulting in as system which was little different from the Shoen system.
- 構造は打刀と殆ど同じだが、携帯方法が大きく違い(打刀は刃を上にし帯に差して携帯するのに対し、太刀は刃を下にし吊るして携帯する)、それに伴い拵(外装)も異なる。
- The structure is almost same with Uchigatana, but the way of carrying is totally different (Uchigatana is carried with the blade upward by putting in a belt, while Tachi is hung with the blade downward to carry), and Koshirae (fittings) are also different.
- 新潟県内での五百万石の最大産地である上越市吉川区では1980年代から永田農法による栽培に取り組み、糖度・硬度・構造などの醸造適性を工夫した酒米を生産している。
- In Yoshikawa-ku, Joetsu City, which is the largest Gohyakumangoku growing district in Niigata Prefecture, efforts to grow it with the Nagata agricultural method have been made since the 1980s and sakamai with improved brewing aptitude (such as sugar content, hardness and structure) have been produced.
- 平安京大極殿はそれ以前のものが築地回廊で囲まれ、閤門を持っていたのと異なり、南の朝堂と直接つながる構造となっていた(画像Plan of Chodoin参考)。
- The Daigokuden of Heian-kyo was directly connected with the Chodoin to the south, in contrast to its predecessors which were encircled by Tsukijikairo (a cloister along a surrounding clay fence) containing a Komon Gate (refer to the image: Plan of Chodoin).
- この法律において「特定電気用品」とは、構造又は使用方法その他の使用状況からみて特に危険又は障害の発生するおそれが多い電気用品であつて、政令で定めるものをいう。
- The term 'Specified Electrical Appliances and Materials' as used in this Act shall mean Electrical Appliances and Materials as specified by a Cabinet Order which are particularly likely to cause hazards or damages because of their structures, methods of use, or other conditions of use.
- この構造は門扉が砲撃の死角となるようにできており、幕末戊辰戦争では緒戦において北出丸の追手門を突破しようとした新政府軍の阻止に成功し、長期籠城戦に持ち込んだ。
- This structure helped the gate door to be in a blind spot in an attack, and in many battles of the Boshin War at the end of Edo period, they were successful in preventing the New Government Army from breaking through Kita demaru Ottemon gate, allowing the castle to be held for a long time.
- その後、仮設置の予定であった駅設備は移設される事もなく、東海道新幹線の建設に合わせて駅を高架化し、現在のように新幹線駅の真下にホームが設けられる構造となった。
- Since then, the station facility, which was supposed to be provisional, has not been moved; and when the construction of Tokaido Shinkansen started, the station was elevated in order to have a similar structure to that of the present station building, which permitted the platforms to be placed just beneath the Shinkansen station.
- この欠点を補うため、火縄をS字型金具(サーペンタイン)ではさんで操作するサーペンタインロック式が考案され、さらに銃床など構造面の整備が進み、火縄銃が完成した。
- In order to make up for the shortcomings, a serpentine-lock system was contrived, where a match was sandwiched between serpentines and was cocked and set off with a trigger, and changes in structural aspects such as the gunstock and so on advanced and the hinawaju was completed.
- 後に江戸においても儒学・武家を中軸とした文化が形成され、東西に2焦点の楕円形の文化構造が互いに交錯しながら各地に広がり、金沢市などの地方都市を巻き込んでいった。
- Later, culture based on Confucianism and samurai class was created in Edo, and such cultural structure that has two centers in Edo and Kyoto spread to local cities including Kanazawa City.
- 現在に伝わる伝統的な弓がここで出来上がる(詳細は構造欄参照)*記述上の初出は江戸初期だが、これまでの経緯から弓胎弓が出来上がったのは江戸に入る以前の可能性がある。
- The traditional bow that is passed on till today was created at this time (please refer to the structure column for details) *The first time it appeared in a writing was from the early Edo period, but higoyumi was probably created prior to the Edo period.
- 原形となる鉄筋コンクリート構造の洋館は、逓信省営繕課技師の吉田鉄郎による設計、清水組(現 清水建設)の施工で1926年竣工、1931年に増築された京都中央電話局。
- Its original Western-style ferroconcrete building used to be the former Kyoto Central Telephone Office, which was designed by Tetsuro YOSHIDA, an architect of the Ministry of Communications Building and Repairs Section, constructed by Shimizu Gumi (now Shimizu Corporation), completed in 1926, and extended in 1931.
- 前項の試験を受けようとする届出製造事業者は、経済産業省令で定めるところにより、試験用の特定計量器及び構造図その他の書類を当該指定検定機関に提出しなければならない。
- A notifying manufacturing business operator who intends to take the test set forth in the preceding paragraph shall, pursuant to the provision of the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, submit a specified measuring instrument for testing, construction drawings and other relevant documents to said designated verification body.
- だが、その構造に差異はあっても、「多分の理」・「多分の評定」と呼ばれる無記名の多数決原理(「任道理就多分」)が必要とされ、僧伽以来の「一味和合」の精神を重要視した。
- However, even though the structure differed, 'nindorishutabun' (anonymous majority rule) called 'tabun no ri' (majority rule) and 'tabun no hyotei' (majority rule) was necessary and the spirit of 'Ichimi Wago' (Mingle together in One) from sangha was emphasized.
- ところが、日清戦争の前後より、社会構造の変化に伴って米価が上昇基調のまま推移するようになり、相対的に古いままの地価を基にした税額に対して負担が軽くなる現象が生じた。
- However, the price of rice remained on an upward trend along with changes in the social structure around the time of the Japanese-Sino War, causing a phenomenon of burden reduction since the tax was still based on a relatively old land price.
- 当駅の前後にある同じような構造の駅はいずれも構内地下道を備えているが、当駅の場合は正月の激しい混雑に地下道では対応が困難なため、設置が見送られているものと思われる。
- Adjacent stations with similar layouts are provided with underground paths within their premises, but it's considered that such an underground path hasn't been provided here because the use of such a path wouldn't be sufficient to cope with the tremendous congestion during the New Year holiday season.
- 現代における一般的な袴(馬乗袴)は、前後二枚の台形状の布の斜辺の下半分を縫いあわせ、さらに膝より下の部分がキュロットスカート状になるように縫製した構造になっている。
- General hakama (umanori hakama [horse-riding hakama]) in present days is shaped such that the lower halves of the diagonal sides of two pieces of a trapezoidal cloth at the front and back are sewn together and the parts below the knees are sewn like a divided skirt.
- 地方自治体が指定できる地域地区のひとつで、調和均整のとれた建築美を保っている地区において、その美観を守るために、建築物の配置、構造などが、建築制限などを行える地区。
- It is one of local areas which can be designated by local governments and is an area where building restrictions can be imposed on the layouts and structures, etc. of buildings in order to conserve the beauty in the places maintaining harmonious, well-balanced architectural beauty.
- 建具の構造としては、間仕切りとしての隔ての機能をもつ襖に近く、さらに襖よりも簡素ながら、隔てと採光いう矛盾した機能を併せもつ明かり障子の発明は、画期的なことであった。
- In structural terms, it resembles fusuma, which has a shielding function and serves as a partition, while being different in that it has two contradictory functions, that is, the function of shielding one space from another and that of allowing the passage of outdoor light into an indoor space although it is simpler than fusuma; thus, akari shoji was an epoch-making invention.
- 刺し子で作られた小手布団(腕を保護)と、シカ皮革または合成皮革などで作られた小手頭(拳部分を保護)とを主部とし、その両者を筒と呼ばれる強固な部分でつないだ構造を持つ。
- It has a structure that consists of a main part of a kotebuton (an arm cover of glove for kendo swordmanship) made of sashiko and a kotegashira (a fist cover of glove for kendo swordsmanship) made of moccasin or artificial leather and a strong connecting portion called Tsutsu (a wrist cover of glove used for kendo swordsmanship).
- 熊野古道の中では、起点から熊野本宮大社までを最短距離(約70キロメートル)で結び、奥高野から果無山脈にかけての紀伊山地西部の東西方向に走向する地質構造を縦断してゆく。
- It is the shortest route among Kumano-kodo, the distance from the starting point to Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine is about 70 kilometers, and it goes over the geologically unique area from Okukoya to the Hatenashi Mountain Range which rises from the east to the west in the western part of the Kii Mountains.
- リコーダー(いわゆる「縦笛」)はマウスピース (楽器)の構造(フィップル、ブロック)によって初心者でも簡単に音が出せるが、尺八・フルートで音を出すには熟練が必要である。
- The recorder (a so-called 'vertical flute') has a structure (instrument) constructed in the form of a fipple, block, which enables a beginner to produce a sound easily; however, to produce a sound on a shakuhachi, it generally takes intensive practice.
- 天守は、初期では主に住宅としての機能が重視され、織田信長によって岐阜城に建てられた「天主」と名づけられた四階建の建物のように曲輪の塁上に建てない構造であることもあった。
- For early Tenshu, functions primarily as living quarters were considered important and some Tenshu were not constructed on the foundation in Kuruwa (castle compound), such as the four-story structure named 'Tenshu' built by Nobunaga ODA in Gifu-jo Castle.
- また、宮崎県立延岡高等学校西側に位置する字「古城」の小山は、明治期の地籍図では階段状に構築された郭構造を明瞭に読みとることができるが、現状は宅地開発が進み破壊が著しい。
- A castle with a terraced structure can be clearly seen on a Meiji period cadastral map on the small hill in the area called 'Furushiro', on the western side of Nobeoka High School run by Miyazaki Prefecture however currently it is being gradually destroyed by encroaching housing developments.
- 母屋の建物時期は正確には明らかにされていないが、広間型の旧式の間取りや構造手法、表門の建立許可文書などから、18世紀中期から末期、宝暦から天明期の建築と推定されている。
- It is not clear when the main building was built, but it can be estimated to have been built from the middle to the end of the 18 century, or the Horeki period to the Tenmei period, judging from old room arrangement in an audience hall style, an architecture method and a construction permission paper on the front gate.
- このような構造になった理由は、おそらく東福寺駅 - 七条駅間で地上線から地下線に切り替わるために土かぶりを浅くせざるを得ず、地下2層分の施設が造れないためだと思われる。
- The reason for such construction may probably have been caused by the inevitable thin layer of earth covering the section between Tofukuji Station and Shichijo Station going underground (from aboveground), which made the construction of a two-level underground structure impossible.
- 熱々が美味しく、また、広島風お好み焼の独特な成層構造を一口で味わうためにも「鉄板」で食べることを勧める者もいるが、しかしヘラで食べると金気臭さがあるので良し悪しであろう。
- Some recommend that Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki should be eaten from an 'iron plate' because it is hot and delicious and has a unique stratified structure and the customers can enjoy it at one bite, and others say that eating it with spatulas smells like iron, which means there are good or bad points.
- 広大な人脈を背景に京都社会に類稀な利権構造を築き上げ、その頂点に君臨した人物であることから、京都の田中角栄と呼ぶ向きもある(1984年以降は野中広務が京都のドンとなる)。
- With his broad network, he built a rare vested-interest structure in Kyoto society and reigned over its top, and this makes some people to call him Kakuei TANAKA in Kyoto (since 1984, Hiromu NONAKA became the boss in Kyoto.)
- こうして「武士団」を「中世封建社会の担い手となる在地領主層を中核とする戦闘的権力組織で、内部構造としては、主従的な、階層関係(ヒエラルヒー)が認められるもの」と規程する。
- This type of 'bushidan' was 'a militarily ruled society that was centralized around estate owners supporting medieval feudal society, centrally formed on a master and servant hierarchical relationship.'
- 日本刀の特徴として、外装品(拵え)と刀身を別々に分けることができる点があるが、この鍔と刀身の間をハバキや切羽などで押さえることで、刀身は鍔と固定されている構造となっている。
- As a feature of Japanese swords, fittings (Koshirae) and the body of blade can be separated, and the body of blade is fixed to the Tsuba (handguard) by holding the part between Tsuba and the body of blade with Habaki (collar) and Seppa (washer).
- この地方統治構造の変化と共に登場した武士は、その初期の一部において、例えば平将門などのように豪族的な性格を持つものであるが、古代史と同様な意味合いでの豪族しては扱われない。
- Samurai appeared along with this change in the structure of local governance, and some had a character of Gozoku like TAIRA no Masakado, in part of the initial stages, but were not treated as Gozoku in the meaning same as that in the ancient history.
- 新幹線鉄道規格新線とは、路盤・トンネルなどの構造物を新幹線規格で建設し、軌間1,067mmのレールを敷設して在来線の車両を走らせるもので、「スーパー特急方式」とも呼ばれる。
- New railway lines with Shinkansen specifications, sometimes called 'Super-limited express method' (-based lines), indicate lines constructed in the following way, and train-cars on regular railway lines run on them: The structures, such as railway beds and tunnels, are constructed in Shinkansen specifications, and 1.067 mm gauge rails are laid.
- 2002年に閣議された「経済財政運営と構造改革に関する基本方針2002」は、国土交通省に対し、2003年より外国人旅行者の訪日を促進する戦略を構築すべしという課題を示した。
- In the document 'Basic Policies for Economic and Fiscal Management and Structural Reform, 2002' endorsed by the Cabinet, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism was given the job of designing strategies to increase the number of foreign tourists visiting Japan.
- 音階や運指などに違いはあるが、原理的には「フルート」の管を竹にして「フルート楽器の構造」を取り去り、音孔の数を人間の指の数に合わせ、押さえやすい長さにしたものと考えてよい。
- Although there are differences with regard to scale and fingering, the shinobue can, in principle, be considered an instrument which uses bamboo in place of the tube of the flute, with the flute structures removed, with the same number of tone holes as the number of fingers on the human hand, and made in a length that makes it easy to handle.
- 時代を遡り、縄文時代中期に当たる紀元前3000年 - 紀元前2000年の遺跡である三内丸山遺跡(青森県)では大型の掘立柱の構造物または建築物の跡と見られる遺跡が出土している。
- Dating back to the middle of the Jomon period, from B.C. 3000 to B.C. 2000, the remains believed to be the trace of large-scale hottate bashira have been excavated at the Sannai-Maruyama site.
- 他者との比較を通じて文明/野蛮の差異を計測し、その差異を埋める/広げるという欲望を喚起することによって富国強兵を達成しようとする思想構造が列強諸国にも、非列強諸国にもあった。
- Both powerful and non powerful countries shared a mindset to accomplish fortifying their country by measuring the difference between being civilized and barbarian by comparison, and inciting a desire to minimize or expand the difference.
- すなわち、能においては多くの場合、亡霊や神仙、鬼といった超自然的な存在が主役(シテ)であり、常に生身の人間である脇役(ワキ)が彼らの話を聞き出すという構造を持っているのである。
- Many Noh plays have some supernatural creatures such as ghosts, fairies or demons, etc. as the protagonist (Shite), and the play structure is mostly the supporting player (Nohwaki), who is often a flesh-and-blood character, who discovers their stories by questioning.
- しかしながら、親幕府派とされた九条家・西園寺家・中御門流一条家が後鳥羽院政を支える構造の形成と親朝廷派とみなされた源実朝の将軍就任によって幕府と対立する表立った理由が失われる。
- However, as Gotoba-in's government structure came to be formed (based on the support of the Kujo family, the Saionji family, and the Ichijo family in the lineage of the Nakamikado family), and as MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, who was considered to belong to the Imperial court faction, assumed the shogun post, the Imperial court lost reasons to confront the Kamakura bakufu.
- 元は男女とも和服に振袖を採用し、明暦の大火の原因と伝えられる紫縮緬の振袖も少女が意中の若衆の衣装を写して着用したものといわれ、色柄や構造に男女差がほとんど無かったことが伺える。
- In the beginning, both men and women wore furisode for their Japanese dress; the story is told of a young woman who modeled after and then wore the famous furisode made of purple silk crepe of the young man she loved--which is said to be the cause of the Great Meireki Fire (of 1657, also called the 'Furisode Fire')--which seems to suggest that in terms of color, pattern and composition, there was very little difference between men's and women's furisode at that time.
- 前述のように、東西方向に走る山脈はこうした地質構造に支配されており、一方、南北方向に走る山脈には東西方向からの圧力による波状変形が見られるが、断層は乏しく、地質は連続的である。
- As described above, the mountain ranges that stretch east to west are influenced by such geological structures while the mountain ranges that stretch south and north have continuous geology with few dislocations and some rolling deformations by the pressure from the east and the west.
- 都道府県知事は、前項の許可の申請があつた場合において、その第一種貯蔵所の位置、構造及び設備が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合すると認めるときは、許可を与えなければならない。
- When there is an application for permission set forth in the preceding paragraph, the prefectural governor shall give permission if he/she finds that the location, construction and equipment of the Class 1 Storage Place are in conformity with the technical standards specified by an Ordinance of METI.
- ただし前述のごとく土地への影響力は重層構造であったため、在地領主は自らの土地を守るべく、将軍家のほか、有力公家、国守や守護、あるいは在地の有力武家にその安堵を求めることもあった。
- Since there was a multilayered structure of influence put on a land as mentioned above, the resident landholder sometimes asked not only the shogunate but also influential court nobles, the governor of a province or the military governor, or resident influential samurai family for recognition and gurantee of the ownership of the land, for the purpose of protecting the ownership of his land.
- 律令法を総体としてとらえ、法としての構造と特質を明らかにする試みや、律令法に基づいて形成された国家の歴史的特質の解明などは、ようやくその究明に緒がつけられたというのが実情である。
- As it stands, investigation has finally begun in an attempt to grasp the ritsuryo law holistically and to clarify its legal structure and characteristics, and on the clarification of the historical characteristics of a nation formed based on ritsuryo law.
- これについて銕之丞は、観阿弥・世阿弥・金春禅竹らによって猿楽が集大成された室町期は戦乱の時代であり、死が人々にとって極めて身近なものであったことを、こうした構造の理由に挙げている。
- Tetsunojo has attributed the reason for this structure to the fact that Sarugaku (literally 'monkey music,' a form of Japanese theatre performing art resembling a circus, that was popular in Japan during the 11th to 14th centuries) was compiled by Kan-ami, Zeami, Zenchiku KOMPARU, et al during the Muromachi period, a chaotic war period during which death was extremely close by.
- 以上の特質のうち二階座敷を除けば、今井町に現存する古い民家に共通した構造形式を用いているが、その中でも旧形をよく保存されてきたのは今西家住宅のみで、他の建物では随時改変されている。
- In terms of the above characteristics, except for the second floor zashiki, the structural style of Imanishi-ke Jutaku has a commonality with that for the other existing old private residences in Imai-cho but only the former has maintained its original shape while the other houses have been altered as needed.
- 開業が昭和初期であり、東改札側は構造上エスカレータ、エレベーターが設置困難となっているため、車椅子利用者向けにコンベアが設置されている(西改札側にはエレベーターが設けられている)。
- The station opened in the early Showa period, so it's difficult to install an escalator or elevator on the east ticket gate side due to the structure of the station; therefore, a conveyer is installed for passengers in wheelchairs (an elevator is provided on the west ticket gate side).
- 第十四条第四項の規定による届出をしないで製造のための施設の位置、構造若しくは設備の変更の工事をし、若しくは製造をする高圧ガスの種類若しくは製造の方法を変更した者又は虚偽の届出をした者
- of Article 14 or has submitted a fraudulent notification report;
- 同時代を語る紀伝体歴史物語の『大鏡』が男性官人の観点を貫くのに対し、編年体の体裁をとる『栄花物語』は女性の手になるため、構造や行文には『源氏物語』などの女流文学の投影が色濃く見える。
- While 'Okagami (The Great Mirror),' a contemporary historical tale written in the style of a biographical record, consistently tells the story from the view of an official (probably a man), the annalistic 'Eiga Monogatari' was written in a woman's hand, and the structures and style were strongly influenced by women's literature such as 'The Tale of Genji.'
- 1997年には、物見を中心にして数本の面金(横金)を省略し、その部分を透明なポリカーボネート樹脂板で覆った構造の面(商品名:武楯面(むじゅんめん))が長谷川化学工業から商品化された。
- In 1997, a new-type of Men of which several mengame (yokogane) nearby monomi are removed and the part is covered with a transparent polycarbonate resin board (product name: Mujumen) was commercially manufactured by Hasegawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- 台輪と呼ばれる土台部分に太鼓、担ぐための舁き棒(4本が最も多い)、高欄、四本柱と続き、この上に支輪と四方を飾る雲板、そしてその上に布団または重と呼ばれる屋根という構造が一般的である。
- The standard structure of taikodai includes a basic part called daiwa (an architrave), on which a drum is placed, a koran (a balustrade) and four columns built on the daiwa, a shirin (a dressed lumber) fixed on the top of the four columns, an unpan (a metallic plate designed in the shape of cloud such as a signal) decorating the four sides of the shirin, and a roof on top of the taikodai, known as futon or ju; all these parts rest on katsugibo (shouldering poles, a taikodai with four poles is most popular).
- 「一定の時代」に存在するということは、その時代の社会構造の中に存在基盤を持つということであり、武士団の中核たる武士は、単なる武芸者ではなく一定の「社会的・階級的特質」を体現している。
- Because it lasted for a 'fixed period' it meant that it had already established a fundamental existence within society, and bushi that formed the core of bushidan embodied not simply someone who practiced martial arts, but had a fixed 'social and class aspect.'
- 律令制の導入により社会構造が変化し、豪族らが単なる共同体の首長から私的所有地を持つ領主的な性格を持つようになるに伴い、共同体による祭祀に支えられた従来の神祇信仰は行き詰まりを見せた。
- As the social structure changed by introducing the system of the ritsuryo legal codes, local ruling families, who were simply the head of a community, became like feudal-lords with private property, and the conventional Jingi belief supported the religious service by a community was in a deadlock.
- 更に「臣下の臣下は臣下でない」という語に示されるように、直接に主従関係を結んでいなければ「臣下の臣下」は「主君の主君」に対して主従関係を形成しなかった為、複雑な権力構造が形成された。
- Furthermore, as indicated by the saying 'a retainer's retainer is not a retainer,' 'a retainer's retainer' did not have the master to servant relationship with 'a master's master,' therefore, a complicated power structure was formed.
- 資格や実際に通過できる門は時期によって異なるが、摂関・親王・大臣・大僧正のうち既に輦車宣旨を受けている者が主たる対象者であり、対象者の身分や宮門そのものの構造によって決定されていた。
- The criteria and the actual gate that could be passed depended upon the period, but Sekkan, imperial princes, ministers, Daisojo (head priest) who already had Teguruma no senji (special permission from the Emperor to enter the imperial palace in a hand cart) were eligible and was decided upon by the person's position and the actual structure of the court gate.
- ヨーロッパにおける荘園制(Manorialism or Seigneurialism)は、中世の西ヨーロッパ農村及び中央ヨーロッパの一部農村に見られた経済・社会構造を指す用語である。
- Manorialism or Seigneurialism in Europe is the word which refers to the economical and social structure as seen in the villages in west European villages or some villages in central Europe in medieval times.
- このため多くの蚊遣器は線香に十分な酸素を供給できる構造になっている他に、線香がその中に設置される際、線香の一端のみを固定し、その他の線香の部位が蚊遣器本体に接触しないように保持している。
- For that reason, many kayariki are with a structure enabling provision of sufficient oxygen, and kayariki fix only the end of a repellent stick in kayariki to keep the other part of the repellent stick from contacting with the main unit of kayariki.
- 経済産業大臣又は日本電気計器検定所は、前条第一項の承認の申請に係る特定計量器の構造が第七十一条第一項第一号の経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合するときは、その承認をしなければならない。
- The Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry or Japan Electric Meters Inspection Corporation shall, when the structure of a specified measuring instrument pertaining to an application set forth in paragraph 1 of the preceding Article conforms to the technical standards specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry set forth in Article 71, paragraph 1, item 1, approve such application.
- 規模は正面5間、側面5間(「間」は長さの単位ではなく柱間の数を意味する)であり、構造的には正面5間、側面4間の正堂(しょうどう、内陣)の手前に、奥行1間の礼堂(らいどう)を付した形になる。
- The scale of the hall is 5 by 5 Ken (an architectural term representing the number of columns that could fit between two columns), with 5 by 4 Ken Shodo (or Naijin, an inner sanctuary) and 5 by 1 Ken Raido (a worship hall) attached to its front.
- これは昭和12年(1937年)以降、もしくはもっと古く大正時代以降の小さな変化や事件の重層的な積み重ねの結果であり、構造変化が目に見えるかたちとなって現れたのがたまたま昭和48年であった。
- This was caused by a multilayered pile of small changes and incidents since 1937 or even far Taisho period, and the structural change happened in visible way in 1973.
- 1923年の関東大震災では、身体の動作を妨げる構造である和服を着用していた女性の被害が多かったことから、翌1924年に「東京婦人子供服組合」が発足し、女性の服装にも西洋化が進むことになる。
- When the Great Kanto Earthquake occurred in 1923, a great number of women in Japanese clothing were victimized because of the nature of Japanese clothing that restricts movement of the body; in the next year 1924, 'Tokyo Women and Children Clothing Association' started, and since then, clothing for Japanese women has been westernized.
- 高架やトンネルなどの構造物に損傷が発生したほか、上越新幹線列車の「とき (列車)325号」(10両編成、新幹線200系電車K25編成)が長岡駅の手前付近を約200km/hで走行中に脱線した。
- In addition to the damage that was inflicted on structures, such as elevated railways and tunnels, the Toki 325 train on the Joetsu Shinkansen line (a ten train-car organization, the K25 organization of 200 series Shinkansen train-cars) was derailed while running at a speed of approx. 200 km/h immediately before reaching Nagaoka Station.
- 特定高圧ガス消費者は、消費(消費に係る貯蔵及び導管による輸送を含む。以下同じ。)のための施設を、その位置、構造及び設備が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合するように維持しなければならない。
- A Specific High Pressure Gas Consumer shall maintain the facilities for consumption (including storage for consumption and pipeline transportation; the same shall apply hereinafter) so as to keep the location, construction and equipment therefor in conformity with the technical standards specified by an Ordinance of METI.
- 1627年(寛永4年)に落雷により天守を焼失した後、1810年(文化7年)に幕府にはばかって名目上櫓として3重3階天守層塔型構造で新築したもので、「御三階櫓」として幕府には届け出を出していた。
- After the original castle tower was burnt down by lightning in 1627, the three-tiered, three-story castle tower was newly built in the Sotogata (multi-level tower-type keep) style as a yagura (turret) on paper in deference to the bakufu in 1810 and it was reported to be a ‘three-story turret.’
- 供御院を所管した大炊寮の長官である大炊頭も同様に中原氏が世襲するようになり、中原氏の大炊頭の推挙(磯部氏には「寮家任符」・朝廷には「寮家挙状」に基づいて磯部氏の預が任じられる構造となっていた。
- Since the Nakahara clan also came to inherit Oi no kami, Chief of Oiryo holding juristiction over Kugoin, in the same manner, it was structured to appoint the Isobe clan as Azukari based on the recommendation ('Ryokeninpu' (document of appointment by a chief of bureau) for the Isobe clan, and 'Ryokegyojo' (document of recommendation by a chief of bureau) for the imperial court) by Oi no kami assumed by the Nakahara clan.
- 室戸台風で五条坂の自宅が損壊したことを契機に、故郷の民家の形をもとに、登り窯の形に対応するかのような構造をした新しい自宅兼仕事場を自ら設計し、大工である実家とも協力して1937年に完成させた。
- When the Muroto typhoon destroyed his house in Gojozaka, Kanjiro designed his new house with a studio by modeling the shape of houses in his hometown with the structure to match the shape of a climbing kiln and completed the construction of the house with the help of the carpenters from his parent's family in 1937.
- 柱・梁を基本構造とする日本建築と、煉瓦や石で壁を築いてゆく西洋建築は対照的な存在であり、20世紀のモダニズム建築の時代になると、近代建築の理念を先取りした点があるとして注目されるようになった。
- Japanese architecture, which mainly uses posts and beams, differs from Western architecture of bricks and stones, and traditional Japanese architecture gained attention in 20th century architectural modernism since it was ahead of its time in the use of modern architectural concepts.
- 弓矢の構造や効果(飛翔性)は、力学や放物線(微分・積分)という概念がない頃から世界各地おいて、それらについて試行錯誤されてきた道具であり、初期の機械工学の発展の要因(機械弓、カタパルト)である。
- The structure and effect (flying capability) of Yumiya has been developed by trial and error in various parts of the world since the period when the idea of dynamics and parabola (differential and integral calculus) were not created, which led to the development of early machine engineering by producing the machine bow and the catapult.
- 義信は永禄8年(1565年)に信玄暗殺を企てた謀反事件にかかわったとされ廃嫡されているが、義信と信玄あるいは両派の間には対立構造が存在していたとする見解が主要な武田氏研究者の間では一致している。
- Takeda clan scholars agree that although Yoshinobu was disinherited due to his involvement in a plot to assassinate Shingen in 1565, there had already been some conflict between Yoshinobu and Shingen.
- 加えて、三角は薬草について造詣が深かったといわれているが、三角が紹介している薬草は『上記』に登場する薬草とかなりの部分で一致するなど、三角一人を介して『上記』とサンカが結合する構造になっている。
- In addition, Misumi is said to have had deep knowledge about medicinal plants, and the medicinal plants Misumi introduced covered most of the medicinal plants that appeared in 'Uetsufumi', in which 'Uetsufumi' and Sanka is combined by Misumi.
- しかし1971年に行われた県営住宅、小学校建設の為の橿原考古学研究所が行った事前調査により幅5m、深さ1メートル、総延長200メートル以上の運河状の構造物が発見された事により注目を集めることになる。
- However, the atmosphere of the archeological community changed after the operation of a preliminary excavation research by Archelological Institute of Kashihara prior to the construction of a municipal housing and an elementary school at the site; the remains got the attention of archeological communities after the discovery of the canal style constructions in 5m width, 1m depth and the total length of 200m and more.
- 上洛を果たしていながら、後の織田信長のように畿内で確固たる地盤を築き上げなかった理由は、領国の周防が京都から遠隔地すぎたこと、大内氏自体が国人の盟主的存在という構造的問題などがあったためと思われる。
- Despite controlling Kyoto, he was unable to use it to form a strong base in Kinai region as Nobunaga ODA did because his Suo estate was too far away from Kyoto and because of structural problems relating to the Ouchi clan's position as leaders of kokujin (local samurai).
- つまり政子の関与により頼家から実朝への将軍職委譲がなされたという事件の側面をみることができるとともに、鎌倉幕府の権力構造を考える上で、のちの執権職につながる役割を考察する材料となることは確かである。
- In other words, one aspect of this incident shows Masako's involvement in relinquishment of shogunship from Yoriie to Sanetomo and the role of Masako is surely a good material in the study of the power structure of the Kamakura bakufu, as it eventually developed into the post of shikken.
- 別間の構造形式は、主屋と大差はないが、各部材の大きさの比例関係である木割りの小さいことと、一階南端柱間には書院のような痕跡のあることから、南八畳間の座敷はあるいは書院形式のものではなかったかと思われる。
- Although the structural style of betsuma is much the same as that of omoya (main building), because kiwari (a system for measuring out the wooden component to be used in architecture or statuary) which is in a direct proportional relationship with the size of each component is small, and because there are the shoin-like (reception room) marks in hashirama (bay, space or distance between two pillars) at the south end of the main floor, it is considered that the eight-tatami room in the south side of the betsuma was probably built in the shoin style.
- 伝統的な竹弓は基本的に三層構造をしており、弦側から内竹(うちたけ:前竹〔まえたけ〕ともいう)・中打ち(なかうち)・外竹(とだけ)と呼ばれ、中打ちを芯材に、内竹、外竹で前後から挟み合わせた形となっている。
- The traditional bamboo bow has basic three layered structure, and called from the side of the bowstring, uchitake (inner bamboo) (also called as maetake), nakauchi (inner hit), todake (outer hit), and nakauchi is sandwiched between uchitake and todake.
- そのような状況であるにも関わらず、源氏物語は作品世界の中の出来事を単純に時間を追って記しているのではなく、描かれる時間帯に重なりが存在したり、描かれていない時間帯が存在するという複雑な構造を持っている。
- In addition to this ambiguity, the Tale of Genji has a complicated structure where the author does not describe events in the story in simple chronological order, but has some periods of time overlapping and omits others completely.
- これは貴族階級である官人層とそれ以外の被支配階級である平民の身分上の格差を定めるものではあったが、同時に能力主義によってその役割を定めるものであり、本来的には世襲制的な法構造を持つものではないといえる。
- While this system was to define disparity of positions between government officials who are in the noble class and the other commoners who are in the subordinate class, it was, at the same time, to determine one's role based on meritocracy, and did not have hereditary law structure inherently.
- 封建制に代わる、中国史上の経済制度を特徴づける概念や歴史像はいまだ構築されていないが、最近では階級構造を描き出そうとする従来の方法に代わって、地域社会の中における地主の役割に注目した研究がなされている。
- Concepts and views of history which characterize the economic system in Chinese history have yet to be constructed, but recently, more studies are focusing on the role of landlords in a local community, instead of describing the class structure by conventional methods.
- 大別するとマグネシウムイオンあるいはカルシウムイオンがたんぱく質側鎖のカルボキシル基を架橋してゲルを形成する場合と、酸がたんぱく質の高次構造を変える(変性)ことによりゲルを形成する場合(酸凝固)とがある。
- Generally, there is a case in which a gel is formed through cross-linking between an ion of magnesium or calcium and a chain carboxyl group on the side of protein, and a case in which a gel is formed through the change (denaturalization) of the high-order structure of protein by an acid (acid coagulation).
- 紀伊山地は西日本を南北に二分する中央構造線以南の外帯に属し、南北方向に走る山脈、すなわち、紀伊山地中央にそびえる大峯山脈、十津川を挟んで大峯山脈の西側の伯母子山脈、北山川を挟んで東側の台高山脈を軸とする。
- The Kii Mountains belongs to the outer zone of the south of the medial line that divides the western Japan into the north part and the south part, and it is formed of mainly the mountain ranges which run from north to south including the Omine Mountain Range that rises at the middle of the Kii Mountains, the Obako Mountain Range that rises at the west of the Omine Mountain Range and at the opposite side of Totsu-kawa River which separates from Omine, and the Daiko Mountain Range that rises at the east side of Kitayama-gawa River which separates from Omine as well.
- しかし、このドイツで開発された超硬合金製の刃物は圧縮応力には強いものの、引張り応力が発生すると破損することが金型では知られており日本刀は顕著な引張り応力が発生する構造なのでこの実験の信憑性を疑うものもいる。
- Although this hard metal cutting tool developed in Germany is strong against compression stress, it is known in the die level that it will be broken when stretching stress is generated, and a Japanese sword is structured to generate pronounced stretching stress, which makes some people doubt the credibility of this experiment.
- また糸魚川静岡構造線以東は焼き餅で、西は焼かずに入れるという傾向があるものの、個別の地域差が大きく、これだけで割り切れるものではないが、日本の東西の食習慣の違いを表わす例としてよく持ち出されるものでもある。
- There is a slight regional tendency that mochi are baked before being used in zoni in the areas to the east of the geotectonic line of Shizuoka-Itoigawa. the fact that they are not baked in the areas to the west of the line is often mentioned to point out a difference in eating habits between the east and the west in Japan, however, the difference is not so distinctive, because regional variations also exist within each area.
- 発展する経済活動と土地資本体制の行政官である武士を過剰に抱える各政府(各藩)との構造的な軋轢を内包しつつも、「泰平の世」を謳歌していた江戸時代も19世紀を迎えると、急速に制度疲労による硬直化が目立ち始める。
- The Edo period enjoyed a 'peaceful world,' although there was structural conflict between developing economic activities in a city and the land capital system in the domain economy which held an excessive number of samurai, executive officers of the land capital structure, but early in the 19th century the structual fatigue became apparent rapidly as organizational inflexibility.
- 川・堀の水路網と蔵は江戸を象徴する町並の特徴であり、蔵造りの町並が残された川越市、栃木市、佐原市などの関東地方の河港都市は、江戸に似た構造という点や江戸と交流が深かったという点から「小江戸」と呼ばれている。
- Channel networks of rivers and moats and kura (the earthen-walled storehouses) characterized the Edo cityscape, and those river port cities in the Kanto area where the kura cityscape have survived such as Kawagoe, Tochigi, and Sawara are called 'small Edo' for their architectural resemblance to Edo and the fact that these cities were actively traded with Edo.
- 構造的には正面7間、奥行4間(「間」は長さの単位ではなく、柱間の数を示す建築用語)の正堂と、正面9間、奥行4間の礼堂という2つの寄棟造建物の間を、奥行1間の「合の間」でつないだ形になり、平面は凸字形になる。
- Structurally, the main hall consists of two buildings of Yosemune-zukuri (a square or rectangular building, covered with a hipped roof) including the shodo hall of seven ken wide by four ken deep (ken is an architectural term representing the number of intercolumniation space between two columns and not a unit of distance) and the raido hall of nine ken wide by four ken deep that have been interconnected by the ainoma of one ken deep, presenting a convex plane view.
- それに対し、和弓は全長が標準で七尺三寸(約221cm)、下から3分の1、弓の中心から見て下部寄りを把持し(上長下短)下から上まで全長に渡ってひと繋がりの構造となっており、全長だけ見れば和弓は世界最大の弓である。
- Meanwhile, the wakyu has a standard length of 221 cm that is biggest in the world by observing just length, the grip being positioned at one-third length from the bottom, lowered as seen from the center of the bow (the longer top and short bottom) and it is made from one unit structure.
- 第十五条第一項各号(第十二号及び第十三号を除く。)及び第二項各号に掲げる業務のうち、特別会計に関する法律第八十五条第二項に規定する燃料安定供給対策及び同条第三項に規定するエネルギー需給構造高度化対策に関する業務
- Out of the functions listed in the items of Article 15, paragraph (1) (excluding item (xii) and item (xiii)) and the items of Article 15, paragraph (2), the functions concerning measures for a stable fuel supply as prescribed in Article 85, paragraph (2) of the Act on Special Accounts and the measures for the enhancement of the energy supply-demand structure as prescribed in paragraph (3) of said Article;
- やがて彼らの土地の保証は源氏、平家といった、貴種に連なる上級武家に委ねられ、下級、中級の武士は「給人」と呼ばれて、主君から恩給された土地の見返りに、平時、戦時における主君への軍事的奉仕を行う構造が出来上がった。
- Later, the higher ranking samurai families such as the Minamoto clan or the Taira family, which had relationships with persons of noble birth were entrusted to warrant the local nobles their developed lands, and a system was established in which middle and lower ranking samurai were called 'kyunin' who offered military services to the lord not only in peacetime but also in wartime in exchange for the land which the lord granted them as stipend.
- バリアフリー化工事によりエスカレータは階段横に付けられたが、エレベータは改札横から一旦ホームをまたぐ跨線橋(バリアフリー工事で新設されたもの)まで上がりさらに各ホームに降りる構造となり、大きな移動が必要である。
- An escalator was installed next to the stairs during the barrier-free construction; meanwhile, passengers who use the elevator are required to go up an overpass over the platforms (which was newly installed by the barrier-free construction) from the ticket gate and then go down to each of the platforms.
- これは当時の旧建設省管轄下で道路と一体的に工事を行うためであり、高速道路の高架橋と鉄道の高架橋による一体的な構造物はこの東大阪線が日本初で、道路幅員が大きく取れない場合の有効手段として当時大きく注目されていた。
- This is because railways and roads were constructed integrally under the control of the former Ministry of Construction, and the Higashi-Osaka Line was the first in Japan to use a structure integrating an elevated bridge for a highway and that for a railway, attracting attention at that time as a system providing an effective means of usage when a wide road isn't available.
- 伝法堂の前身建物は妻入り(屋根の妻側を正面とする)で、平面構造は、桁行(奥行)三間、梁行(幅)四間の壁と扉で閉ざされた主室部分と、桁行二間梁行四間の開放的部分とそれにつづく広い簀子(すのこ)敷から構成されている。
- The former building of Denpodo was built in the style of tsuma-iri (entrance in the side of tsuma (the gable pediment or the gable side a building with a gable roof)), and its planar structure consisted of the main room of 5.4 m depth and 7.2 m wide surrendered by walls and doors, the open space of 3.6 m depth and 7.2 m wide, and the broad sunokojiki (a slatted floor or duckboard floor made of boards or bamboo laid parallel) leading to the open space.
- 郭の角にある隅櫓は、近世城郭では通常二重櫓、大きな城などでは小規模な三重櫓が用いられることもあったが、中には大坂城本丸にあった三重櫓や熊本城にある五階櫓のように天守に匹敵する構造を持つ櫓があげられていた例がある。
- Two-story turrets were normally used in modern citadels and small three-story turrets were used for large castles for the sumi yagura (corner towers) that were built at corners of a citadel, but were cases in which a turret that had a structure equivalent to tenshu (castle tower) were built, for example, the three-story turret in the honmaru (the keep of a castle) of Osaka-jo Castle and the five-story turret in Kumamoto-jo Castle.
- 京滋バイパス以南については、堀割構造である京田辺松井IC付近から枚方東IC付近、枚方南IC付近から交野北IC付近を除き、道路の両脇に副道(一方通行で1車線)・自転車歩行者道・植栽帯からなる環境施設帯を設置している。
- In the section south of the Keiji Bypass, zones for environmental facilities are provided along both sides of the road, consisting of side lanes (one lane and one-way traffic), lanes for cyclists and pedestrians, and planted zones, except along the sections built in a canal structure found between the Kyotanabe-matsui and Hirakata-higashi interchanges and between the Hirakata-minami and Katano-kita interchanges.
- 日本にもたらされ、平安時代には国内で栽培されるようになったであろう茶は、春に摘み取った新芽(または古葉)を蒸すか、ゆでるかして加熱処理し、その後「ほいろ」(現在のものとは構造がちがう)や日光にて乾燥させて仕上げる。
- Tea that was brought and cultivated in Japan during the Heian Period was made from the new (or old) leaves picked in spring and heat treated by steaming or boiling before being dried in sunlight in 'hoiro' (the structure is different from modern one).
- どぶろくの禁止に関しては、国民の食生活への国家の介入であるとしてその後も根強い反論を招き、昭和時代後期のどぶろく裁判などを経て、2002年(平成14年)の構造改革特別区域でいわゆる「どぶろく」が設けられるまで続いた。
- The prohibition of Doburoku had been strongly refuted as an intervention of the nation to the people's diet, which had continued until what we call 'Doburoku' districts were designated as the structural reform district in 2002 after the Doburoku Trial in the latter part of the Showa period.
- 天守を野外復元できるだけの資料が揃っていても、鉄筋コンクリート構造の天守を建てざるをえないことが多く、建設大臣の特別認可を受けたり、白河小峰城の御三階櫓のように法の抜け穴を見つけなければ木造天守の建築は不可能であった。
- Therefore, it was, in many cases, unavoidable for Tenshu to be constructed in the reinforced concrete structure even if enough information to justify restoration of Tenshu was available, and it was only possible to construct wooden Tenshu by getting special permission of the Minister of Construction or by exploiting legal loopholes as in the case of Gosankai Yagura of Shirakawa Komine-jo Castle.
- 構造、使用条件、使用状況等からみて、検定について有効期間を定めることが適当であると認められるものとして政令で定める特定計量器の検定証印の有効期間は、その政令で定める期間とし、その満了の年月を検定証印に表示するものとする。
- The valid period of verification mark affixed on a measuring instrument specified by Cabinet Order for which it is deemed to be appropriate to set valid period of verification in the light of its structure, conditions for use, actual use status, etc. shall be the valid period specified by such Cabinet Order, and the year and the month of expiration shall be indicated on the verification mark.
- そのため、双方の中国史上における荘園の位置づけも大きく異なっている上、周藤や宮崎の晩年には冷戦構造の崩壊とともに「世界史の基本原則」という概念のそのものに対する批判が出現したことで、議論自体が中途で停滞することとなった。
- For this reason, the positioning of the shoens in Chinese history from both of the two sides are very different and in later life of Sudo and Miyazaki, with the demise of the Cold War structure, the concept 'the basic principle of world history' itself came to be criticized and thus the dispute itself stood still in the way.
- 宇宙構造を理気二元論で説明し、心においても形而上学的な「理」によって規定され、人間に普遍的に存在する「性」と、「気」によって形作られ、個々人の具体的な現れ方である「情」があるとし、孟子に基づいて性は絶対的に善であるとした。
- He described the cosmic structure through Li and Qi dualism, claiming that even in the mind, there is 'nature' which is specified by metaphysical 'law' and exists universally in humans, and 'emotion' which is formed by 'Qi' and is the specific way each individual appears, and that nature is absolutely good, based on Moshi.
- 江戸時代の地下官人制度は局務・官務・出納からなり地下官人を統率する催官人と一般の地下官人である並官人、その下で雑用を担当し株の売買によって町人や農民でも身分を獲得することが可能であった下官人の3層構造体制で構成されていた。
- The lower ranking officials during the Edo period were divided into three offices 'Kyokumu,' 'Kanmu,' and 'Suino' with a hierarchy of the class controlling over the lower ranking officials; the class consisting of the general lower ranking officials; and the class in charge of chore which could be attained by townsmen and farmers through purchasing stock.
- 平城宮大極殿は第一次と第二次とで大きく構造が異なり、第一次では唐長安大明宮含元殿の影響を受け、大極殿院が広い前庭を持ち、また大極殿は前庭から1段高い位置に建設されており、平安宮の龍尾壇(竜尾壇 りゅうびだん)の原型といえる。
- The First and the Second Daigokuden of the Heijo-kyu Palace were significantly different in structure; the Hanyuan Hall of the Daming Palace in Chang'an at the time of the Tang Dynasty in China had a strong influence on the First Daigokuden, which had a large front garden and was built elevated one step from the garden, and this was in turn a prototype of the Ryubidan (stone steps of the Heiangu Palace to the south of Daigokuden).
- ホームスタジアムの京都市西京極総合運動公園陸上競技場兼球技場は、陸上競技用トラックがフィールドと観客を隔てる構造上の問題を有し、また、敷地の狭さからこれ以上の拡張が難しいため、かねてから専用スタジアムの建設が熱望されてきた。
- Because the home stadium of Kyoto Sanga, the field and track and ball game field, Kyoto Nishikyogoku Athletic Park Stadium, has a structural problem that the track for track-and-field events separates spectators from the field, and the smallness of its premises makes it difficult to expand it further, construction of a dedicated stadium for football has been desired for a long time.
- 次の各号の一に該当する者は、事業所ごとに、当該各号に定める日の二十日前までに、製造をする高圧ガスの種類、製造のための施設の位置、構造及び設備並びに製造の方法を記載した書面を添えて、その旨を都道府県知事に届け出なければならない。
- Any person falling under any of the following items shall submit a notification report to the prefectural governor by means of a written statement describing the type of high pressure gas to be produced, the location, construction and equipment of the facilities for production and the method of production for each place of business no later than 20 days prior to the day specified in each of the items:
- この説の前提として、天正10年(1582年)頃に信長は正親町天皇譲位などの強引な朝廷工作を行い始めており、また近年発見された安土城本丸御殿の遺構から、安土城本丸は内裏清涼殿の構造をなぞって作られた、という意見を掲げる者もいる。
- The premise of this theory is the claim by some that Nobunaga started to forcibly lobby Emperor Seishincho for transfer of political power around 1582, recent discovery of the remains of Azuchi-jo Castle Honmaru Goten, which may have been built after the Dairi Seiryoden.
- 薬莢基部は単純な構造であるため、個人レベルの小規模な量であれば家内生産で製造できなくもないが、小規模とはいえ軍が戦闘で使用する量を確保するには専用の大量生産設備が不可欠であり、同様の設備は当時の日本国内には存在していなかった。
- Since the base of the cartridge has a simple structure, domestic production may supply enough for a small amount of individual use, but equipment for mass-producing the cartridge case was required to supply for an army, if small, to use in battle; and there was no equipment in Japan equivalent to that in Kagoshima in those days.
- 荘園は度重なる寄進によって重層的な支配構造となっていたが、実際に直接あるいは雑掌などを派遣して、荘園内の在地勢力(荘官及び荘民)に対して諸権限を行使しえたのは荘務権を持っている職の体系であり、本来本所とは荘務権を持つ職を指した。
- Shoen was often placed under the complicated control system due to repeated donations; the honjo (proprietor or guarantor of a private estate) originally referred to the individuals who held the shomuken, and those who were in the position to hold the shomuken could administer various authorities against the local power within shoen, such as shokan (an officer governing shoen) and shomin (people of the manor), by personally going to the shoen himself or by sending a zassho (a person in charge of miscellaneous tasks) there.
- 同年に小田急電鉄が完成させた低重心・連接構造の流線型特急電車小田急3000形電車 (初代)は、アメリカで1941年に開発された高性能連接電車「エレクトロライナー」に影響を受けた設計で、最高速度145km/hを目指した野心作であった。
- In the same year, Odakyu Electric Railway Co., Ltd. developed the 3000 type Odakyu electric train-cars (first generation), streamline-shaped limited express featuring a low center of gravity and articulated structure, with a designed affected by 'Electroliners,' a high-performance electric train-car developed in the United States in 1941, were ambitious ones aiming at a maximum speed of 145 km/h.
- 昭和30年代までは全体的に増加傾向にあったが、昭和40年代以降は、まず高度経済成長期の産業構造の変化にともなう人口分布の変化(大都市への集中)と、自家用自動車の普及により地方中小私鉄の輸送量減少が進み、多くの中小私鉄が廃線となった。
- Passenger transportation volume of railways tended to grow until 1955 to 1964; however, after 1965, many small-and-medium-sized private railways were discontinued because of change in population distribution (concentration of population in large cities) along with change in industrial structures in the high economic growth period, and reduction in transportation volume of small-and-medium-sized private railways in local areas due to the widespread use of private cars.
- 大向う(大向こう、おおむこう)とは、芝居小屋の三階正面席、またそこに坐る客を指す隠語・通言(現在の歌舞伎座では、構造上三階B席から幕見席あたりを指すものとして理解されている。)、つまり大向うとは、舞台上から見た客席の位置に由来する。
- O-muko (written as '大向う' or '大向こう'; literally, 'the welcome other side') comes originally from seats seen from the stage, and at present, it is used as a term referring to the front seats of the third floor of theatres and to the audience at those seats (in present Kabuki-za Theatre of Tokyo, it refers to the seats for b-class tickets and the seats on the highest balcony for a single act).
- この数百年の間に和弓の構造は大きく進化(詳細は和弓歴史欄参照のこと)、江戸初期には堅帽子ゆがけの発明(ゆがけ項参照のこと)、さらに技術面では「角見」「弓返り」の技術が発明される等、この時期に弓術は現在の弓道に繋がる大きな進歩を遂げる。
- Over hundreds of years, the structure of Wakyu progressed (for details, see the article; History of Wakyu) and Kyujutsu developed greatly which led to today's Kyudo, Kataboshi Yugake was invented (a type of thumb glove) at the beginning of Edo Period (see the article on Yugake) and the techniques of 'Tsunomi' and 'Yugaeri (the technique where the Japanese bow turns in the left hand after the release).'
- 松井須磨子後追い自殺、「民本主義」創刊、「カルピス」発売開始、「帝国美術院」が発足し「帝国美術院展覧会(現在の日本美術展覧会)」開催、「キネマ旬報」創刊、「道路法」(道路・街路構造令、自動車取締令)発令、「建築基準法」「都市計画法」公布
- The follow-up suicide by Sumako MATSUI, the first publication of 'Minponshugi' (democracy), the start of sales of CALPIS, inauguration of the 'Imperial Art Academy' and holding of 'Exhibition of the Imperial Fine Arts Academy' (present The Japan Fine Arts Exhibition), the first publication of 'Kinema Junpo,' accouchement of the 'Road Act' (the act of road and street structures and the regulation law of automobiles), and promulgation of 'Building Standard Law' and 'City Planning Act'
- 現在では社会経済史的視点からの研究や戦国大名武田氏の権力構造の解明、家臣団の個別研究のほか、財政や治水事業、軍事や外交、交通や都市問題、商職人支配や郷村支配、宗教など各分野における実証的研究や民俗学的アプローチなど研究の地平が広っている。
- At present, empirical as well as ethnological studies are being conducted on various themes, including socio-economic history, power structure of the Sengoku daimyo Takeda clan, individual study of vassals, finance, flood prevention projects, military and foreign affairs, urban problem, ruling of merchants/craftsmen, ruling of villages and religion etc.
- 造酒司は部署だけでなく役所の名称で、建築的な構造としては、酒を醸造する甕がならんだ酒殿(さけどの)が一宇、日本酒精米をおこなう舎である臼殿(うすどの)が一宇、日本酒麹造りを造るための麹室(こうじむろ)が一宇、計三宇という配置であったという。
- Sake no tsukasa was not only a name of the department but also a name of the office, and it is said that it consisted of the three buildings, that is, sakedono where jars for brewing sake were placed, usudono for rice polishing, and kojimuro for producing malt for sake.
- 日露戦争において旅順要塞での戦闘に苦しめられた陸軍は、戦後、ロマン・コンドラチェンコによって築かれていた旅順要塞の堡塁を模倣し、永久堡塁 (習志野)と呼ばれた演習用構造物を陸軍習志野錬兵場内に構築、演習などを行い要塞戦の戦術について研究した。
- After the war, the Army which experienced difficulties in the siege of the Lushun Fortress constructed a replica of the Lushun Fortress constructed by Roman Kondratenko for military exercises called the 'permanent fortress,' and researched tactics for fortress warfare.
- わずかに検修技術のみが高水準にあり、その他の技術的不備――機関車自体の基本構造が、その最たるものなのだが――の多くが、機関士や検修員ら、勤勉な現場職員の「職人芸」的な技量によって補われていた、という厳しい実情は、認識しておく必要があるだろう。
- A strict fact should be acknowledged that only checking/repairing technique was at a high level, but many of the technological bugs - the basic structure of the locomotive itself is the best example - were made up for by 'craftsman-like' skills of diligent staff members, like checking/repairing workers.
- 精米作業の初期段階には、目の粗い方の金剛ロールを高速回転して玄米を除芽し、生じる摩擦熱により米が割れかねないほど小さくなる作業後期には、目の細かい方の金剛ロールを低速回転させて、米の中心部分である酒米構造へ向かってゆっくりと削りをかけていく。
- In the early stage of rice polishing, kongo roru with coarse grinding function spins at high speed to remove outer shell from brown rice, and in the later stage of polishing when rice decreases its size to the point where it may be broken due to the heat generated by friction, kongo roru with fine grinding function spins at low speed to grind slowly into the central white-core structure of sake-brewing rice.
- 特に、古くからの地域における首長層を再編した郡司層の首長権への精神面での服従構造と、経営の安定性を欠く零細百姓層の経営維持を保証する出挙は、本来古代日本とは異質な社会である唐代中国社会を成立背景とした律令制が、日本で成立する上で重要であった。
- In particular, the structure of mental obedience to the chieftaincy of Gunji (local magistrates), who used to be the chiefs of village community since ancient times, as well as suiko (a kind of official loan system), which was supposed to guarantee the sustainable management of small-hold peasants, were quite important for maintaining the Ritsuryo system in Japan since this system was originally created in the context of Chinese society of the Tang Dynasty, a quite different society from that of Japan.
- この期間、国内税率を一律固定化する公田官物率法が導入されたり、小規模な名田に並行して広く領域的な別名が公認されるようになったり、大規模事業の財源として一国単位で一律に課税する一国平均役が成立するなど、社会構造に変革を及ぼすような政策がとられた。
- During this period, some policies, which affected the social structure, were developed: the Koden kanmotsu rippo, which fixed the domestic tax rate, was introduced; bechimyo (large territories including mountains and forests) was authorized alongside small-sized Myoden; Ikkoku heikinyaku (taxes and labor uniformly imposed on every private estate in one province) in order to get financial resources for large-scale projects.
- 米国は国内世論の高まりなどを受けて協議に復帰したが、現在の枠組みに反発し条約改正を視野に交渉に臨む日本・米国・ロシア・オーストラリアなどと、既存の枠組みを進め先進国主導の削減を訴える EU などとの間の対立構造が形成されつつあると指摘されている。
- America has come back to the conference because of the upsurge of domestic public opinion, however, the following issue of conflict between America and other developed countries is pointed out: America, while objecting to the present framework, opposes to Japan, Russia, Australia and so on, which negotiate for the treaty revision, and also opposes to EU, which aims to promote the present framework and to reduce the emissions led by developed countries.
- 国は、効率的かつ安定的な農業経営を育成し、これらの農業経営が農業生産の相当部分を担う農業構造を確立するため、営農の類型及び地域の特性に応じ、農業生産の基盤の整備の推進、農業経営の規模の拡大その他農業経営基盤の強化の促進に必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for the promotion of improvement of agricultural production base, expansion of farm management scale and enhancement of farm management infrastructure according to the type of management and regional characteristics, in order to develop efficient and stable farm management and to establish agricultural structure that can play considerable part in the agricultural production.
- 本館内部の構造は豪華で、一階には、英国室、支那室、アラビア室、英国封建時代式の大室、純洋式の浴室と便所、事務室、二階にはインド室、廻廊式書庫、エジプト室、洋式客室、門主寝室、地下には調理室などがあり、建築様式や家具、調度類で各国の雰囲気を醸し出している。
- The internal construction was gorgeous and each room created each country's atmosphere with the architectural style, furniture and fixtures: British room, Chinese room, Arabian room, British large room of the feudal period style, western style bathroom and toilet, and office on the first floor and Indian room, book room with corridor, Egyptian room, western guest room, bed room of the chief priest on the second floor and kitchen and others on the basement.
- こうした形態は結城氏や佐竹氏、宇都宮氏、小田氏などに見られ、これらの大名間の外交交渉の文書・書簡を見ても「当洞」・「○○洞中」などの表現が見られる(なお、西国でも似たような構造を有した毛利氏の文書中にも「洞」の語が登場するが、特異な例と考えられている)。
- This sort of organization was established by such clans as the Satake clan, Utsunomiya clan and Oda clan, and the words '当洞' (todo) or 'OO 洞中' (OO dochu) were used in the documents and letters of diplomatic negotiations exchanged between daimyo (Although the daimyo of the Mori clan, who was the daimyo of the western region of Japan, had a similar organization and also used the character '洞' in their documents, it is considered to be an exceptional case).
- この法律において「第二種使用等」とは、施設、設備その他の構造物(以下「施設等」という。)の外の大気、水又は土壌中への遺伝子組換え生物等の拡散を防止する意図をもって行う使用等であって、そのことを明示する措置その他の主務省令で定める措置を執って行うものをいう。
- In this Act, 'Type 2 Use' shall mean use undertaken with the intention of preventing the dispersal of living modified organisms into the air, water or soil outside facilities, equipment or other structures (hereinafter referred to as 'Facilities') in accordance with measures specifying this fact or other measures stipulated in the ordinance of the competent ministries.
- これに伴い新館側の入口が両新館の間に新設されたエントランスホールに変更され、本館を結ぶ地下道も新たに作られた「地下回廊」に変更され、ミュージアムショップや軽食ラウンジ、トイレや簡単な展示パネル、仏像の構造や印相の解説の展示などを備えた無料ゾーンとなっている。
- Along with this, the entrance of the Wings' side was changed to the entrance hall newly constructed between the Wings, and the underground passage connecting with the Original Museum Building was also changed to newly constructed 'Lower Level Passageway,' which has become a free zone equipped with a museum shop, cafe lounge, toilets, brief exhibition panels and exhibitions such as, structure of Buddha statues and commentary of mudras, etc.
- 「南無妙法蓮華経」の題目と宗祖の名「日蓮」および判形からなる首題が特徴的な筆さばきで中央に縦書きされ、その左右を仏界の釈迦牟尼仏・多宝如来から、菩薩や神々、地獄界の提婆達多に至るまで、一念三千に包含される衆生を代表する数多くの名前が取り囲む、という構造になっている。
- The structure of the Honzon is with the opening phrase consisting of the Nichiren chant, 'Namu Myohorenge-kyo' and the name of the shuso 'Nichiren' with hangyo (a seal) is written in unique, characteristic handwriting in the center as a column, with many names representing living things that are included in the Three Thousand Realms Contained in One Mind, starting from Shakamuni-butsu/Taho-nyorai on both sides, and Bodhisattva and gods, even to Devadatta in hell, surround it.
- 重量精米歩合であると、たしかに全体の白米の重さは精米歩合に比例して小さくなっているものの、ある米粒はあまり削られていなかったり、ある米粒は酒米構造まで削られていたりする。、などと磨かれ具合がまばらになっていても、平均化された見掛け上の値として精米歩合が出てきてしまう。
- In case of rice-polishing ratio by weight, the weight of the whole polished rice grains decreases in proportion to the rice-polishing ratio, but some grains are not much shaved and others are shaved to the level of sake rice structure.
- この事から、鉄釉のかかった茶碗を「天目」と称し、その中でも特に鼈口を有した2段の口造り構造となった天目の茶碗は中の茶の保温に優れたものとして茶道を愛好するものに好まれたために、こうした茶碗を「天目茶碗」と呼んで珍重して、台子点前・貴人点などの重要な茶会などの際にも用いられた。
- Because of the above history, tea bowls produced by using tetsuyu were called 'Tenmoku,' and among them, those with a supponguchi (a mouth in the shape of soft-shell turtle) were specifically called 'Tenmokujawan,' being valued by tea ceremony lovers because of their excellent ability to keep tea warm and used at important tea ceremonies such as Daisu-temae and Kijin-date.
- 胸部分(胴胸)は硬い芯材を革で覆った構造を持ち、胴打撃を受け止める腹・腋下部分(胴台)はプラスチックや竹、バルカナイズドファイバー(英:vulcanized fiber、板紙を重ね合わせて特殊工法で圧縮したもの。単にファイバーとも称する)などの非常に丈夫な素材で作られている。
- The chest cover part (domune) has a structure that a hard core material covered with leather, and the abdomen and axillary parts (dodai) where players receive strikes to the Do is made of very strong materials such as plastic, bamboo, or vulcanized fiber (layers of paper board compressed with special method. Simply it is called fiber).
- これにより大都市では新規参入事業者が増加している反面、既存の中小事業者は地方・大都市の別を問わず、マイカーの普及や公共交通網の拡充、社会事情の変化などによる乗客の減少に加え、業務の性質そのものが収入を増やせず支出を減らせないため、構造的な業績不良に陥り、経営の苦しいところが多い。
- Since this relaxation of the taxi regulations, while the number of new taxi operators has been increasing in large cities, the existing small- and mid-sized operators, regardless whether in large cities or in rural areas, have been in a business slump suffering difficult management because of the decrease in customers due to dissemination of private cars, improvement and expansion of the public transportation net, and change in the social environment, as well as the nature of the business itself that cannot increase the income and decrease the expenses.
- 都道府県知事は、第一 種貯蔵所又は第二種貯蔵所の位置、構造及び設備が第十六条第二項又は前項の技術上の基準に適合していないと認めるときは、所有者又は占有者に対し、その技 術上の基準に適合するように、第一種貯蔵所又は第二種貯蔵所を修理し、改造し、又は移転すべきことを命ずることができる。
- When the prefectural governor finds that the location, construction or equipment of a Class 1 Storage Place or Class 2 Storage Place is not in conformity with the technical standards under paragraph (2) of Article 16 or those specified in the preceding paragraphs, the prefectural governor may order the owner or possessor thereof to repair, alter or remove such Class 1 Storage Place or Class 2 Storage Place so as to conform with said technical standards.
- 前項の申請書に は、経済産業省令で定めるところにより、試験用の特定計量器及び構造図その他の書類を添えなければならない。ただし、第七十八条第一項の試験に合格した特 定計量器の型式について第一項の承認を受けようとする場合において、当該試験に合格したことを証する書面を添えたときは、この限りでない。
- When submitting an application set forth in the preceding paragraph, a specified measuring instrument for testing, construction drawings and other relevant documents shall, pursuant to provision of the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, be attached thereto; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the case where the applicant who intends to obtain an approval set forth in paragraph 1 with regard to a type of specified measuring instrument which has passed the test set forth in Article 78, paragraph 1 has attached a document certifying that the specified measuring instrument has passed said test.
- 鉄道運送事業者は、前 項の確認を受けた車両について、その構造又は装置を変更してこれを当該鉄道事業の用に供しようとするときは、同項の規定の例により、国土交通大臣の確認を 受けなければならない。ただし、国土交通省令で定める軽微な変更をしてこれを当該鉄道事業の用に供しようとするときは、この限りでない。
- When the Railway Business Operator intends to change the structure or the equipment of the vehicle for which he/she obtained the validation of the preceding paragraph, and to use it for the said Railway Business, he/she shall obtain validation of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in accordance with the same rule as the provision of the said paragraph, provided, however, that this shall not apply if the Railway Transportation Business Operator intends to make any of the minor changes prescribed by an ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and use the vehicles for the said Railway Business.
- なおこの構造のため、当時京阪で行っていた折り返し乗車(専用乗車券を購入することで例えば東福寺駅から一旦七条駅に向かい、京阪特急に乗り換えて淀屋橋駅に行くことができた)の料金収受を確実にできるという副産物もあった(現在折り返し専用乗車券は発売されておらず、七条駅で再度乗車券を購入する必要がある)。
- A spin-off effect of such construction was the assurance of fare collection from passengers on the turnaround trains then being operated by Keihan (by purchasing a special ticket and getting on at Tofukuji Station for Shichijo Station and then transferring to a Keihan super express made it possible to go as far as Yodoyabashi Station) (special tickets for turnaround trains are currently not sold and it's necessary to purchase a ticket again at Shichijo Station).
- この法律において「計量 器」とは、計量をするための器具、機械又は装置をいい、「特定計量器」とは、取引若しくは証明における計量に使用され、又は主として一般消費者の生活の用 に供される計量器のうち、適正な計量の実施を確保するためにその構造又は器差に係る基準を定める必要があるものとして政令で定めるものをいう。
- The term 'measuring instruments' as used in this Act shall mean appliances, machines or equipment used for measurement and the term 'specified measuring instruments' shall mean measuring instruments used in transactions or certifications, or among those measuring instruments principally for use in the life of general consumers, those specified by Cabinet Order as being those for which it is necessary to establish standards for their structure and instrumental error in order to ensure proper execution of measurements.
- 3層構造で、1階は改札口(八条口)・駅事務室・名店街、2階がホームと改札口(中央口、この改札口は開業当初から長らく旧国鉄→現JR京都駅の内部にある形で乗換用の改札機もあったが、現京都駅ビル建設および同駅南北自由通路設置に合わせて両社の改札口は完全分離化された)、3階はJR東海の新幹線ホームとなっている。
- It has a three-layer structure: a ticket wicket (Hachijo-guchi (Hachijo entrance/exit)), the station office and Meitengai shopping arcade are located on the first floor; the platforms and a ticket wicket (Chuo-guchi (Central entrance/exit)) are located on the second floor (a ticket gate was located inside the JNR/JR Station for a long time with a ticket machine for transfer, but when the new station building was constructed and the Nanboku-Jiyu-Tsuro was made, the ticket wickets of the two companies were fully separated); and the third floor has the platforms for the JR Central Shinkansen.
- このボーリング結果(ボーリング記録とサンプルより)と、湖底の地層構造を衝撃波により調査したこれまでの学術調査結果(植村善博:「比較変動地形論 古今書院、及び、 URBAN KUBOTA NO.37/11)から推定される湖底の岩盤深さとが一致するので比良湖岸断層は、この掘削地点より山側にあると推定されます。
- As the result of this boring (from records of boring and samples) coincides with the depth of base rock at the bottom of lake inferred from the result of scientific investigation of strata architecture at the bottom of lake with shock wave ('Hikaku Hendo Chikeiron' written by Yoshihiro UEMURA, Kokon Shoin publisher, and URBAN KUBOTA NO. 37/11), it is inferred that the Hira-ko lakeshore fault exists on the mountain side from this drilling point.
- 前項の申請書に は、経済産業省令で定める数量の試験用の容器又は附属品及びその構造図その他の経済産業省令で定める書類を添えなければならない。ただし、第四十九条の二 十三第一項の試験に合格した容器又は附属品について第一項の承認を受けようとするときは、当該試験に合格したことを証する書面を添えることをもつて足り る。
- The written application letter referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be accompanied by containers or accessories for testing purposes, the quantity of which is specified by an Ordinance of METI, a structural drawing, and other documents specified by an Ordinance of METI. However, the submission of a document certifying that the container or accessory for which approval under paragraph (1) is sought has passed the test referred to in paragraph (1) of Article 49-23 shall suffice.
- その他にも渡世人として各地方を渡り歩く的屋家業の者が、顔役に世話になる時の「仁義を切る」ときの口上が、やくざと違い「軒先三寸借り受けまして、、、」と始まる事、舌先三寸(口車)で商売するや胸三寸(心意気)で商売するなど、または、屋台の骨組みが木材商で販売されている一番小さい構造材の三寸角であったことなどが挙げられる。
- Other theories are that some tekiya traveled around as toseinin (yakuza-like gamblers) who, unlike yakuza, when paying their respects for the local boss, used to open their speeches with the phrase 'if I may borrow three sun (around 9 cm) of your roof...' and who conducted business with flattery (known in Japanese as 'three sun of tongue') and determination ('three sun of heart') or that their stalls were made from the smallest pieces of wood available, which was three sun square.
- 酒税法が制定された1940年以来、単式蒸留焼酎(乙種)は酒税の保全や過当競争防止等の理由にてムギ・米・サツマイモ・ソバの主要4品種については新規製造免許を認めない方針によって、製造の新規参入ができない状態が長らく続いていたが、聖域なき構造改革の一環として国税庁が2005年に規制緩和の見解を示し、一部地域・条件付きながら2006年以降に新規免許が認められる事となった。
- Since the Liquor Tax Law was established in 1940, to maintain the liquor tax and prevent a price war of single distilled shochu (group Otshu), for four major varieties of barley, rice, sweet potato, buckwheat admitting new manufacturing licenses were refused and production couldn't commence for a long time, but in 2005 as a part of structural reform without sanctuaries, the National Tax Agency presented its views on the relaxation of regulations and admitted new licenses from 2006 though it was limited in areas and with conditions.
- 鉄道ファンでもある作家の阿川弘之ですら、大和 (戦艦)(大和型戦艦)・万里の長城・ピラミッドが「世界三大一覧構造物・建設物」であり、この時期に莫大な投資をして新幹線を造れば「第2の戦艦大和」となって世界の物笑いの種になると批判した(後に阿川は新幹線が世界の鉄道斜陽論を覆すに至るまでの成功を収めたのを見て、十河の後を継いで国鉄総裁を務めた石田礼助との対談において、自らの不明を悔やむ発言をしている)。
- Even Hiroyuki AGAWA, a railway fan, criticized the plan saying that the battleship Yamato, the Great Wall of China and pyramids constituted 'the three big structures of the world,' and if Shinkansen were built investing a vast amount of money in this era, it would become the second battleship Yamato and would be laughed at by the world (later, seeing that Shinkansen became so successful as to overturn the railway-declining opinion of the world, AGAWA expressed his regret in a talk with Reisuke ISHIDA who succeeded the post of president of JNR from Sogo).
- 産業技術力の強化は、産業技術力が産業構造の変化、技術の進歩等の内外の経済的環境の変化に適確に対応して我が国産業の持続的な発展を図るための基盤であることにかんがみ、我が国産業の発展を支えてきた技術の改良に係る産業技術の水準の維持及び向上を図りつつ、国、地方公共団体、大学及び事業者の相互の密接な連携の下に、創造性のある研究及び開発を行うとともに、その成果の企業化を行う能力を強化することを基本として行われるものとする。
- In light of the fact that Industrial Technology Capability is the foundation for furthering sustainable development of Japanese industries by accurately responding to changes in the internal and external economic environment, such as changes in industrial structure and technological progress, etc., Industrial Technology Capability shall be enhanced with the basic objectives of enhancing the capability to implement creative research and development under mutually close coordination of the national government, local governments, universities and business operators, and of enhancing the capability to implement the commercialization of results thereof, based on a foundation of striving to maintain and improve the industrial technology standards related to technology improvement that have supported our nation's industrial development.
- 機構は、当分の間、第十五条に規定する業務のほか、エネルギー等の使用 の合理化及び再生資源の利用に関する事業活動の促進に関する臨時措置法及び石油及びエネルギー需給構造高度化対策特別会計法の一部を改正する法律(平成十 五年法律第三十七号)の施行前に産業基盤整備基金が締結した債務保証契約に係る同法第一条による改正前の特定事業活動促進法第十条第一号の業務及びこれに 附帯する業務(以下「特定事業活動等促進経過業務」という。)を行う。
- In addition to the functions prescribed in Article 15, NEDO shall, until otherwise stipulated, perform the functions set forth in Article 10, item (i) of the Specific Business Activities Promotion Act prior to its revision under Article 1 of the Act for Partial Revision of the Act on Temporary Measures to Promote Business Activities for the Rational Use of Energy and the Utilization of Recycled Resources and under the Act on Special Accounts for Measures for Advancing the Supply and Demand Structure of Petroleum and Energy (Act No. 37 of 2003) related to loan guarantee contracts that the Industrial Infrastructure Development Fund had concluded prior to the enforcement of said Act, and shall perform other functions incidental thereto (hereinafter referred to as the 'transitional functions related to promoting specific business activities').
- 農業については、その有する食料その他の農産物の供給の機能及び多面的機能の重要性にかんがみ、必要な農地、農業用水その他の農業資源及び農業の担い手が確保され、地域の特性に応じてこれらが効率的に組み合わされた望ましい農業構造が確立されるとともに、農業の自然循環機能(農業生産活動が自然界における生物を介在する物質の循環に依存し、かつ、これを促進する機能をいう。以下同じ。)が維持増進されることにより、その持続的な発展が図られなければならない。
- In consideration of importance of its conventional role as a primary food supplier and its multifunctional role, sustainable development of agriculture shall be promoted by securing agricultural facilities including necessary farmlands, water for agricultural use, other agricultural resources and workforce; establishing a desirable agricultural structure with an effective combination of aforementioned elements based on regional characteristics; maintaining and improving natural cyclical function of agriculture. (This term means the function of agriculture in stimulating biological and physical cycle in nature while being strongly influenced by the cycle. This definition shall be referred to hereinafter.)
- 第十四条第一項又は前 条第一項の許可を受けた者は、高圧ガスの製造のための施設又は第一種貯蔵所の位置、構造若しくは設備の変更の工事(経済産業省令で定めるものを除く。以下 「特定変更工事」という。)を完成したときは、製造のための施設又は第一種貯蔵所につき、都道府県知事が行う完成検査を受け、これらが第八条第一号又は第 十六条第二項の技術上の基準に適合していると認められた後でなければ、これを使用してはならない。ただし、次に掲げる場合は、この限りでない。
- Upon completion of the work to alter the location, construction or equipment of facilities for the production of high pressure gas or a Class 1 Storage Place (except the type of work specified by an Ordinance of METI; hereinafter referred to as 'Designated Alteration Work'), a person who has obtained permission under paragraph (1) of Article 14 or paragraph (1) of the preceding Article shall subject such production facilities or Class 1 Storage Place to completion inspection by the prefectural governor and shall not use them until they have been verified as being in conformity with the technical standards under item (i) of Article 8 or paragraph (2) of Article 16; provided, however, that this shall not apply in either of the following cases:
- 通則法第四十四条第一項の規定による積立金がある場合 整備法附則第三条第四項の規 定によりその償還についてなおその効力を有することとされる旧構造調整法第二十五条第一項第八号、第九号、第十一号から第十三号まで、第十六号の二及び第 十六号の四の規定による貸付金並びに整備法附則第五条第三項の規定によりその償還についてなおその効力を有することとされる旧賠償法第十二条第一項第二号 及び第三号の規定による貸付金(以下この条において「貸付金」と総称する。)の償還金で平成十五事業年度から平成十七事業年度までに償還されたものの合計 額に当該積立金の額に相当する金額を加えた金額
- In the case where there are reserve funds as prescribed in Article 44, paragraph (1) of the Act on General Rules: The amount obtained by adding the amount equivalent to said reserve funds to the total reimbursement made from the 2003 business year up to the 2005 business year of loans under Article 25, paragraph (1), item (viii), item (ix), item (xi) through item (xiii), item (xvi)-2, and item (xvi)-4 of the Old Structural Adjustment Act, which are to be deemed to remain effective with regard to the reimbursement of said loans pursuant to the provisions of Article 3, paragraph (4) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Rearrangement Act, and of loans under Article 12, paragraph (1), item (ii) and item (iii) of the Old Compensation Act which are to be deemed to remain effective with regard to the reimbursement of said loans pursuant to the provisions of Article 5, paragraph (3) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Rearrangement Act (hereinafter such loans shall be collectively referred to as 'loans' in this Article); and
- 特定計量器(第十六条第一項又は第七十二条第二項の政令で定めるものを 除く。)のうち、その構造、使用条件、使用状況等からみて、その性能及び器差に係る検査を定期的に行うことが適当であると認められるものであって政令で定 めるものを取引又は証明における法定計量単位による計量に使用する者は、その特定計量器について、その事業所(事業所がない者にあっては、住所。以下この 節において同じ。)の所在地を管轄する都道府県知事(その所在地が特定市町村の区域にある場合にあっては、特定市町村の長)が行う定期検査を受けなければ ならない。ただし、次に掲げる特定計量器については、この限りでない。
- A person who uses, for measurements in statutory measurement units in conducting transactions or certifications, a specified measuring instrument specified by Cabinet Order (excluding those specified by Cabinet Order set forth in Article 16, paragraph 1 or Article 72, paragraph 2) which is deemed to be appropriate to be inspected on a regular basis pertaining to its performance and instrumental error in consideration of its structure, conditions for use, actual use status, etc. shall place the specified measuring instrument under a periodic inspection conducted by the prefectural governor (or the head of the specified municipality, if the person's place of business is located in such a specified municipality) having jurisdiction over the location of the person's place of business (or the person's domicile, if the person has no place of business; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Section); provided, however, that this shall not apply to the following specified measuring instruments:
- 製造(製造に係る貯蔵及び導管による輸送を含む。以下この条、次条、第十一条、第十 四条第一項、第二十条第一項から第三項まで、第二十条の二、第二十条の三、第二十一条第一項、第二十七条の二第四項、第二十七条の三第一項、第二十七条の 四第一項、第三十二条第十項、第三十五条第一項、第三十五条の二、第三十六条第一項、第三十八条第一項、第三十九条第一号及び第二号、第三十九条の六、第 三十九条の十一第一項、第三十九条の十二第一項第四号、第六十条第一項、第八十条第二号及び第三号並びに第八十一条第二号において同じ。)のための施設の 位置、構造及び設備が経済産業省令で定める技術上の基準に適合するものであること。
- The location, construction and equipment of the facilities for production (including storage and pipeline transportation incident thereto; the same shall apply under this Article, the following Article, Article 11, paragraph (1) of Article 14, paragraphs (1) to (3) inclusive of Article 20, Article 20-2, Article 20-3, paragraph (1) of Article 21, paragraph (4) of Article 27-2, paragraph (1) of Article 27-3, paragraph (1) of Article 27-4, paragraph (10) of Article 32, paragraph (1) of Article 35, Article 35-2, paragraph (1) of Article 36, paragraph (1) of Article 38, items (i) and (ii) of Article 39, Article 39-6, paragraph (1) of Article 39-11, item (iv) of paragraph (1) of Article 39-12, paragraph (1) of Article 60, items (ii) and (iii) of Article 80 and item (ii) of Article 81) shall conform with the technical standards specified by an Ordinance of METI;
- この法律において「独占 的状態」とは、同種の商品(当該同種の商品に係る通常の事業活動の施設又は態様に重要な変更を加えることなく供給することができる商品を含む。)(以下こ の項において「一定の商品」という。)並びにこれとその機能及び効用が著しく類似している他の商品で国内において供給されたもの(輸出されたものを除 く。)の価額(当該商品に直接課される租税の額に相当する額を控除した額とする。)又は国内において供給された同種の役務の価額(当該役務の提供を受ける 者に当該役務に関して課される租税の額に相当する額を控除した額とする。)の政令で定める最近の一年間における合計額が千億円を超える場合における当該一 定の商品又は役務に係る一定の事業分野において、次に掲げる市場構造及び市場における弊害があることをいう。
- The term 'monopolistic situation' as used in this Act means circumstances in which each of the following market structures and negative effect in the market exist in any particular field of business where the aggregate total value (this term refers to the prices of the relevant goods less an amount equivalent to the amount of taxes levied directly on such goods) of goods of the same description (including goods capable of being supplied without making any material change to the facilities for, or kinds of, such business activities; hereinafter referred to as 'particular goods' in this paragraph) and those of any other goods having an extremely similar function and utility thereto, which are supplied in Japan (excluding those exported), or the total value (this term refers to the prices of the relevant services less an amount equivalent to the amount of taxes levied on the recipient of such services with respect thereto) of services of the same description which are supplied in Japan, during the latest one-year period designated by a Cabinet Order, exceeds hundred billion yen:
- 第十条の規定の施行の 際現に旧電気用品取締法第十八条若しくは第二十三条第一項の認可若しくは旧電気用品取締法第二十三条の二第一項の確認を受けている型式に係る移行特定電気 用品又は旧電気用品取締法第二十六条の二第一項若しくは第二十六条の三第一項の規定による届出に係る構造の旧電気用品取締法第二条第二項の乙種電気用品で あって電気用品安全法第二条第一項の電気用品であるものについては、電気用品安全法第十条第二項の規定にかかわらず、第十条の規定の施行の日から起算して 一年間(表示の変更に伴う製造設備の修理又は改造に相当の期間を要する移行電気用品として政令で定めるものにあっては、第十条の規定の施行の日から起算し て三年を超えない範囲内において移行電気用品ごとに政令で定める期間)は、旧電気用品取締法第二十五条第一項又は第二十六条の六第一項の規定の例による表 示を付することができる。
- With regard to Transferred Specified Electrical Appliances and Materials pertaining to a product type for which approval under Article 18 or Article 23, paragraph (1) of the Old Electrical Appliance and Material Control Act or confirmation under Article 23-2, paragraph (1) of the Old Electrical Appliance and Material Control Act had been obtained at the time of enforcement of Article 10, or with regard to Class-B Electrical Appliances and Materials as set forth in Article 2, paragraph (2) of the Old Electrical Appliance and Material Control Act with structures pertaining to a notification under Article 26-2, paragraph (1) or Article 26-3, paragraph (1) of the Old Electrical Appliance and Material Control Act which fall into the category of Electrical Appliances and Materials set forth in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Act, labeling under Article 25, paragraph (1) or Article 26-6, paragraph (1) may be affixed during the one year from the day of enforcement of Article 10 (with regard to those specified by Cabinet Order as Transferred Electrical Appliances and Materials that require a considerable period of time for the repair or alteration of manufacturing equipment accompanied with the change of labeling, the period specified by Cabinet Order for the relevant Transferred Electrical Appliances and Materials within a limit not exceeding three years from the day of the enforcement of Article 10), notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10, paragraph (2) of the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Act.
- 圧縮モノシラン、圧縮ジボラン、液化アルシンその他の高圧ガスで あつてその消費に際し災害の発生を防止するため特別の注意を要するものとして政令で定める種類のもの又は液化酸素その他の高圧ガスであつて当該ガスを相当 程度貯蔵して消費する際に公共の安全を維持し、又は災害の発生を防止するために特別の注意を要するものとして政令で定める種類の高圧ガス(以下「特定高圧 ガス」と総称する。)を消費する者(その消費する特定高圧ガスの貯蔵設備の貯蔵能力が当該特定高圧ガスの種類ごとに政令で定める数量以上である者又はその 消費に係る事業所以外の事業所から導管によりその消費する特定高圧ガスの供給を受ける者に限る。以下同じ。)は、事業所ごとに、消費開始の日の二十日前ま でに、消費する特定高圧ガスの種類、消費(消費に係る貯蔵及び導管による輸送を含む。以下この項において同じ。)のための施設の位置、構造及び設備並びに 消費の方法を記載した書面を添えて、その旨を都道府県知事に届け出なければならない。
- In the event that any person consumes compressed monosilane, compressed diborane, liquefied arsine or other high pressure gases specifically specified in a Cabinet Order as requiring special care for the prevention of accidents in their consumption, or liquid oxygen and other types of high pressure gases specifically specified in a Cabinet Order as requiring special care for the maintenance of public safety or for the prevention of accidents with respect to the storage and consumption of a certain quantity of such gas(es) (all gases herein referred to are hereinafter collectively referred to as 'Specific High Pressure Gases'), the consumer (limited to anyone whose storage facilities of Specific High Pressure Gases for consumption have a storage capacity of not or less the quantity specified by a Cabinet Order for each type of Specific High Pressure Gas or anyone who is supplied with such Specific High Pressure Gas for consumption through a pipeline from a place of business other than those involved in the consumption of Specific High Pressure Gas; the same shall apply hereinafter) shall report to the prefectural governor for each place of business no later than 20 days prior to commencement of consumption, together with documents showing the type of Specific High Pressure Gas to be consumed, the location, construction and equipment of the facilities for consumption (including storage for consumption and pipeline transportation; the same shall apply hereinafter in this paragraph) and the method of consumption.
- (大田南畝 「寛政十年戊午江戸人別」 『一話一言』 巻26 (1820年) 山下重民 「江戸市街統計一班」 『江戸会雑誌』 1冊(2号) pp. 18–26(1889年) 勝海舟 「江戸人口小記」「正徳ヨリ弘化迄江戸町数人口戸数」 『吹塵録』(1890年) 小宮山綏介 「府内の人口」 『江戸旧事考』 2巻 pp. 19–23(1891年) 『日本財政経済史料』 9巻 pp. 1210–1243(1922年) 柚木重三、堀江保蔵 「本邦人口表」 『経済史研究』 7号 pp. 188–210(1930年) 幸田成友 「江戸の町人の人口」 『社会経済学会誌』 8巻(1号) pp. 1–23(1938年) 鷹見安二郎 江戸の人口の研究」 『全国都市問題会議』 第7回1(本邦都市発達の動向と其の諸問題上) pp. 59–83(1940年) 高橋梵仙 『日本人口史之研究』 三友社(1941年) 関山直太郎 『近世日本の人口構造』 吉川弘文館(1958年) 南和男『幕末江戸社会の研究』 吉川弘文館(1978年)より作成。
- Sources: Nanbo OTA, 'Kansei 10 nen, Bogo, Edonin betsu' from vol. 26 of 'Ichiwa Ichigen' (1820); Shigetami YAMASHITA, 'Edo shigai Tokei Ippan' from vol.1 (pp. 18-26) of 'Edokai zasshi' (1889); Kaishu KATSU, 'Edo Jinko Shoki' from 'Suijinroku' (1890); Yasusuke KOMIYAMA, 'Funai no Jinko' from vol. 2 (pp. 19–23) of 'Edo kyujiko' (1891) and vol. 9 (pp. 1210–1243) of 'Nihon Zaise Keizai Shiryo' (1922); Juzo YUZUKI and Yasuzo HORIE, 'Honpo jinko hyo' from vol. 7 (pp. 188–210) of 'Keizaishi Kenkyu' (1930); Shigetomo KODA, 'Edo no Chonin no Jinko' from vol. 8 (pp. 1–23) of 'Shakai Keizai gakkaishi' (1938); Yasujiro TAKAMI, 'Edo no Jinko no Kenkyu' from the 7th conference (pp. 59–83) of 'Zenkoku Toshi Mondai kaigi' (1940); Bonsen TAKAHASHI, 'Nihon Jinkoshi no Kenkyu' from Sanyusha publishing (1941), Naotaro SEKIYAMA, 'Kinsei Nihon no Jinko Kozo' published by Yoshikawa Kobunkan Inc. (1958); Kazuo MINAMI, 'Bakumatsu Edo Shakai no Kenkyu' published by Yoshikawa Kobunkan Inc. (1978).
- 審議会は、前二項に規定するもののほか、土地改良法(昭和二十四年法律第百九十五号)、家畜改良増殖法(昭和二十五年法律第二百九号)、家畜伝染病予防法(昭和二十六年法律第百六十六号)、飼料需給安定法(昭和二十七年法律第三百五十六号)、酪農及び肉用牛生産の振興に関する法律(昭和二十九年法律第百八十二号)、果樹農業振興特別措置法(昭和三十六年法律第十五号)、畜産物の価格安定に関する法律(昭和三十六年法律第百八十三号)、砂糖の価格調整に関する法律(昭和四十年法律第百九号)、加工原料乳生産者補給金等暫定措置法(昭和四十年法律第百十二号)、農業振興地域の整備に関する法律(昭和四十四年法律第五十八号)、卸売市場法(昭和四十六年法律第三十五号)、肉用子牛生産安定等特別措置法(昭和六十三年法律第九十八号)、食品流通構造改善促進法(平成三年法律第五十九号)、主要食糧の需給及び価格の安定に関する法律(平成六年法律第百十三号)及び食品循環資源の再生利用等の促進に関する法律(平成十二年法律第百十六号)の規定によりその権限に属させられた事項を処理する。
- In addition to the matters provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, The Council shall deal with the tasks authorized under the following acts: Land Improvement Act (Act No.195 of 1949), Act for Improvement and Increased Production of Livestock (Act No.209 of 1950), Animal Infectious Diseases Control Act (Act No.160 of 1951), Feed Supply-and-Demand Stabilization Act (Act No.356 of 1952), Act Concerning Dairy and Beef Cattle Production Promotion (Act No.182 of 1954), Fruit-growing Industry Promotion Special Measures Act (Act No.15 of 1961), Act Concerning the Stabilization of Livestock Products (Act No.183 of 1961), Sugar Price Adjustment Act (Act No.109 of 1965), Temporary Act for Compensation Price for Producers of Milk for Manufacturing Use (Act No.112 of 1965), Act Concerning Establishment of Agricultural Promotion Areas(Act No.58 of 1969), Wholesale Market Act (Act No.35 of 1971), Special Measures Act for Beef Calf Production Stabilization (Act No.98 of 1988), Act Concerning of the Food Marketing Structure (Act No.59 of 1991), Act for Stabilization of Supply, Demand and Prices of Staple Food(Act No.113 of 1994), Food Recycling Act (Act No.116 of 2000)