極: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 極早生温州
- Gokuwase Unshu (literally, super grown early unshu)
- 新京極の富貴
- Fuki of Shinkyogoku
- 位人臣を極める
- to rise to the highest possible rank
- 極付幡随長兵衛
- Kiwametsuki BANZUI Chobei
- 京極宮文仁親王
- Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Ayahito
- 藩祖・京極高三
- The original forefather of the domain: Takamitsu KYOGOKU
- 京極宮家仁親王
- Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Yakahito
- 京極宮公仁親王
- Imperial Prince Kyogoku-no-miya Kinhito
- 極真会館など。
- Kyokushin Kaikan and others
- 薩軍困苦を極む
- Satsuma army Suffering Extreme Hardships
- 皇極天皇である。
- She became Empress Kogyoku.
- 更に極論ではあるが
- Further, although, too extreme speculation that:
- 大極殿朝堂院の正殿。
- The main hall of Chodoin in the Daigoku-den Building
- 当初の極官は中納言。
- The highest court rank originally appointed was Chunagon.
- 皇極・斉明天皇の年譜
- Chronological List of Major Events for Empress Kogyoku and Saimei
- 高知流 (丹後京極家)
- Takatomo line (Tango-Kyogoku family)
- 高次流 (若狭京極家)
- Takatsugu Line (Wakasa-Kyogoku family)
- 京極宮(桂宮)第8代。
- He was the eighth Kyogokunomiya (Katsuranomiya).
- 京極宮(桂宮)第7代。
- He was the seventh family head of Kyogokunomiya (also called Katsuranomiya).
- 京極宮(桂宮)第9代。
- He was the ninth family head of the Kyogoku-no-miya (also known as Katsura-no-miya) family.
- 京極夏彦(1963年-)
- Natsuhiko KYOGOKU (1963 -)
- 京極宮文仁親王の第1王子。
- He was the first Prince of Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Ayahito.
- 京極宮家仁親王の第1王子。
- He was the first son of Imperial Prince Kyogoku-no-miya Yakahito.
- 従二位・非参議を極官とする。
- Kyokkan (the highest rank one can be appointed to) was Junii (Junior Second Rank) and Hisangi (advisor at large).
- 従二位・非参議を極官とした。
- Kyokkan (the highest rank one can be appointed to) was Junii (Junior Second Rank) and Hisangi (advisor at large).
- 正三位・非参議を極官とする。
- Kyokkan (the highest rank to which one can be appointed) was Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and Hisangi (advisor at large).
- 母は宝皇女(のちの皇極天皇)。
- The mother was Takara no Himemiko (later called Empress Kogyoku).
- そのため、伝授は困難を極めた。
- Therefore, its initiation was extremely difficult.
- 道教の神で南極星の化身の老子。
- It is Lao-tzu, a deity of Taoism and the incarnation of the southern polar stars.
- 第一次大極殿 - 復元工事中。
- The Former Imperial Audience Hall: Under restoration
- 第二次大極殿 - 基壇を復元。
- The Latter Imperial Audience Hall: The stylobates restored
- 官位は従一位内大臣を極官とした。
- The top official court rank the family could attain was Juichii Naidaijin (Junior First Rank, Minister of the Center).
- 同日、後京極院の号を追贈される。
- She was given the title of Gokyogokuin on the day of her death.
- これは極(きまり)番付ともいった。
- This was also called 'kimari banzuke.'
- 子孫は正二位・非参議を極官とする。
- The kyokkan (the highest rank to which one can be appointed) of his descendant was Shonii (Senior Seccond Rank) and Hisangi (advisor at large).
- 家格は半家で極官は位階・権大納言。
- The family was ranked as 'Hanke,' a type of family status in the Court nobility, with the top rank attained being the Court Rank, Junior Chief Councillor of State.
- だが、山路険絶にして苦難を極めた。
- However, they had to go through extreme hardship because of rugged mountain roads.
- 女院号は京極院(きょうごくいん)。
- Her nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing) was Kyogokuin.
- 月極めの貸しロッカーもまれにある。
- On rare occasions, a locker is available for monthly rental.
- また、新京極映画祭とも連携している。
- Additionally, the Kyoto International Student Film and Video Festival is held in collaboration with the Shinkyogoku Film Festival.
- 京極高次は若狭国九万二千石を領した。
- Takatsugu KYOGOKU governed Wakasa Province with 92,000 koku.
- 極官は正二位・侍従・少納言・式部省。
- The highest positions appointed were Shonii (Senior Second Rank), jiju (chamberlain), Shonagon (lesser councilor of state) and in Shikibusho (Ministry of Ceremonies).
- 皇極天皇の娘の間人皇女を皇后にした。
- He made Emperor Kogyoku's daughter Hashihito no Himemiko his Empress.
- 時期は登極令により春から秋とされる。
- The time of the ceremony was designated spring to autumn by the Tokyoku-rei.
- 狭義のフルコンタクト空手(極真空手)
- Full-contact karate in a more limited sense (Kyokushin karate)
- 極めて大きな広がりを持つ芸能である。
- It is a performing art that has a very broad presence.
- - 物事の大まかな本質を見極める事。
- It means to find out the general nature of something.
- 講道館柔道形の一部、極の形となった.
- This kata is the origin of a part of today's Kodokan judo's kata, called 'Kime no Kata' (Forms of Decision).
- しかし、朝廷の財政は窮乏を極めていた。
- However, the Imperial Palace was in a state of poverty.
- 宮中では京極院・京極局と称されていた。
- She was called Kyogokuin or Kyogoku-no-tsubone in the imperial court.
- 同日院号宣下を受け、京極院と称された。
- On the day of her death, she was given the title ingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing), and was referred to as Kyogokuin.
- ●神杉(かみすぎ)...極細の最高級品、
- Kamisugi, superfine top quality product
- 「極楽亭プロジェクト」の発起人でもある。
- He is also one of the originators of the Gokuraku-tei Project.
- 寛永13年、京極高直が二代藩主となった。
- In 1673 Takanao KYOGOKU became the second generation lord of the Maizuru domain.
- 極官は清岡長時が得た参議・式部省である。
- The highest court positions achieved were Sangi and Shikibusho appointed to Nagatoki KIYOOKA.
- この和風諡号は極めて道教的な諡号である。
- This Japanese-style posthumous name is very much influenced by Taoism.
- 父は舒明天皇、母は皇極天皇(斉明天皇)。
- Her father was Emperor Jomei and her mother was Empress Kogyoku (Empress Saimei)
- 南極老人星(カノープス)の化身でもある。
- He is also the personification of the southern pole star Canopus.
- 駅弁調製業者は、大きく2分極化している。
- Ekiben delicatessens are mainly divided into two groups.
- 日本では極めてよく利用される食材である。
- They are very often used as foodstuffs in Japan.
- とりわけNHKと朝日放送は積極的だった。
- NHK and MBS were particularly vigorous in promoting Kamigata rakugo.
- 2009年シーズンも積極的な補強をした。
- In the 2009 season too, the club carried out active reinforcement.
- 歌道に優れ、後期京極派の重要な一員である。
- He was a talented poet and was an important member of the Kyogoku school in the later period.
- 和様の完成と墨跡の勃興に始まる書の二極分化
- The Japanese style became established, and calligraphy in Japan became divided into the Chinese and the Japanese styles, starting with bokuseki (the Chinese style brought by Zen priests from China) that rapidly became popular.
- しかし、いずれも極めて僅少な事例であった。
- However, these are extremely rare occasions.
- 極官は桑原長義が得た中納言・式部省である。
- The highest positions achieved were Chunagon and Shikibusho appointed to Nagayoshi KUWABARA.
- 大納言を極官とするのは羽林家と同じである。
- It was same as the House of Urin in that Dainagon (chief councilor of state) was kyokkan (the highest rank one could be appointed).
- 極力上下しないように運行されることが多い。
- This type of yamakasa is often moved in such a way as to avoid vertical vibration as much as possible.
- 翌6月14日、皇極天皇は軽皇子へ譲位した。
- On June 14, Empress Kogyoku abdicated the throne and handed over the position to Prince Karu.
- 後鳥羽上皇以上に鎌倉幕府打倒に積極的だった。
- The Emperor was even more active in overthrowing the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) than the Retired Emperor Gotoba.
- 少年も和服の場合は極稀に化粧する場合がある。
- Boys sometimes wear makeup excessively when they are wearing Japanese traditional clothes as well.
- 極端に言えば、上演ごとに異なった台本となる。
- To describe in an extreme manner, a different script is used for every performance.
- 京極氏(きょうごくし)は日本の武家のひとつ。
- The Kyogoku clan is a house of Samurai in Japan.
- 極稀ではあるが、内大臣まで昇進する者もいた。
- Although extremely rare, there were cases in which a family member was promoted to naidaijin (minister of the center).
- 家格は半家 (公家)、極官は従二位・非参議。
- The family status is hanke (family of lower ranking court nobles) (kuge -court noble), and the highest court positions appointed were Junii (Junior Second Rank) and Hisangi (advisor at large).
- 的屋と指定暴力団(やくざ・極道・博徒・筋者)
- Tekiya and Organized Crime (yakuza, gangsters, gamblers, sujimono [a kind of gamblers]).
- 京極を除いて縦横九本ずつの大路が通っていた。
- There were nine streets vertically and horizontally respectively, except in Kyogoku.
- 皇極天皇(在位642年~645年)(第35代)
- Emperor Kogyoku (her reign was 642 - 645) (the thirty fifth)
- 吉備姫王(皇極=斉明天皇・孝徳天皇の母)の父。
- His daughter was Kibitsuhime Okimi (Empress Kyogoku and Saimei, Emperor Kotoku's mother).
- 「淡麗」の対極にあるのはむしろこの濃醇である。
- Nojun is in the opposite end of 'tanrei.'
- これだけしかなく、茶室としては極小空間である。
- It is an extremely small tea room.
- 利休の茶の精神を表現した極小宇宙の世界である。
- It is a world of the minimum universe revealed in the sprit of the tea of Rikyu.
- 明治維新を迎えるや、鷺流は混乱の極みに達した。
- On facing the Meiji Restoration, the Sagi school was thrown into most serious confusion.
- 指定暴力団・極東会が日本最大の的屋組織である。
- The Kyokuto-kai, designated crime syndicate, is the biggest tekiya organization in Japan.
- もっとも、忍者は直接戦闘することを極力避けた。
- Actually, Ninja minimized chances of direct fighting.
- 「極楽を断りなしに通らばや弥陀諸共に四十八人」
- Forty-eight people, corresponding to the number of oaths Amitabha created, would be able to enter Buddhist paradise at will.'
- ただ、標準語の推進は以後も積極的に推し進めた。
- However, the use of standard language was proactively promoted continuously afterward.
- 家格は名家 (公家)、従二位・参議を極官とする。
- The social standing of the family was Meika, upper rank of court nobles; the top rank the family could attain was Junii Sangi.
- The social standing of the family was Meika, upper rank of court nobles; the top rank the family could attiain was Junii Sangi.
- だが、日本の大衆音楽に残した影響は極めて大きい。
- However, Shingaku made a huge impact on Japanese popular music.
- 京都では、極稀に舞妓変身して参拝する場合もある。
- Although it is very rare, some girls wear and makeup like maiko (Japanese dancing girl in and around Kyoto or apprentice geigi or geiko) on this day in Kyoto.
- 明障子は壊れやすく、現存するものは極めて少ない。
- Because of their fragility, extremely few akari shoji made in ancient times are still in existence today.
- Since Akari-shoji was easily broken, very few have remained until now.
- 節の裏を極端に深く削ったものを蟻腰、雉股と呼ぶ。
- The part where the back of 'fushi' (a knot) is chiseled very deeply is called arigoshi and kijimata.
- 平城宮跡資料館 - 全体模型、大極殿院模型など。
- The Heijo Palace Site Museum: A model of the Heijo-kyu Palace Site, a model of Daigokuden-in (complex of Imperial Audience Hall), etc.
- - 643年、皇極天皇即位 645年、大化の改新
- In 643, Empress Kogyoku ascended the throne, and in 645, the Taika Reforms began.
- すなわち極めて同志意識・連帯意識が濃厚であった。
- In other words, they had extremely strong comradeship and solidarity.
- 開拓使の徽章は赤い五稜の北辰星(北極星)である。
- The badge of the Hokkaido Development Commission had a shape of a red polar star.
- そのため明治政府は積極的な移住政策を推し進めた。
- Because of this the Meiji government actively promoted the policy of emigration.
- 冷泉家は京極家とともに、この二条家の分家にあたる。
- The Reizei Family, together with the Kyogoku Family, was a branch family of this Nijo Family.
- これにより物部氏と蘇我氏の二極体制ができあがった。
- This resulted in the creation of the bipolar political system consisted of Mononobe clan and Soga clan.
- 東の端は、新京極と交差し、その先に錦天満宮がある。
- The east end of the Nishiki Market crosses Shinkyogoku, and beyond this location is where the Nishiki Tenmangu Shrine is located.
- また、悲田院を作り貧民救済にも積極的に取り組んだ。
- He also opened Hiden-in, (a facility for the elderly, disabled, sick and orphans), being actively involved in relief efforts for the poor.
- 昔の和服には、極めてまれだが、開襟の和服があった。
- Some of Wafuku in olden times were Kaikin, although they were quite rare.
- 警察に知られるのを防ぐため、決行日は極秘とされた。
- The date of the demonstration was confidential to prevent the leakage to the police.
- 皇極4年6月14日(645年7月12日) - 立太子
- Rittaishi (the ceremony to institute the Crown Prince) was held on July 15, 645.
- 積極的に女流能楽師を認めるなど、多くの改革を行った。
- He carried out many reforms such as actively approving female Noh actors.
- しかし、隆盛を極めたのは忠総の代までで、以後は衰退。
- However, it was in flourish until Tadafusa's generation and was declined afterward.
- しかし家計は引き続き窮乏し、品位保持も困難を極めた。
- However, the financial state of the family continued to be strained, and even holding on to the family status became extremely difficult.
- 歴代当主は正二位少納言・侍従・明経博士を極官とする。
- Kyokkan (the highest rank one can be appointed) the chronological order of family head was Shonii (Senior Second Rank) Shonagon (lesser councilor of state), jiju (a chamberlain) and myogyo hakase (Professor of Confucian classics).
- 家格は半家 (公家)、極官は正二位・権中納言である。
- The social standing of the family was Hanke (a kind of family status of the court nobles); the top rank the family could attain was Shonii Gon Chunagon.
- 茅渟王(ちぬのみこ、智奴王) 皇極天皇・孝徳天皇の父
- Chinu no Miko (also written 智奴王), the father of the Emperor Kogyoku and the Emperor Kotoku.
- 極早生の中でも最も早く出荷される品種のひとつである。
- It is one of the earliest harvested cultivar even among the super grow early varieties.
- 建部賢弘はこれを多項式関数の極値問題に応用している。
- Katahiro TAKEBE applied this to the extreme value problem of polynomial function.
- よっておかずも野菜を用いた極めて質素なものであった。
- Thus, okazu was also extremely simple, prepared with vegetables.
- 書道の伏見院流の祖、京極派の有力歌人としても知られる。
- He was known as a founder of the Fushimi-in school of calligraphy, as well as a talented poet in the Kyogoku group.
- 原料に小麦粉を使い極寒期に手延べ法により精製したもの。
- Miwa Somen is made from flour by hand-stretching during mid winter.
- ある剣術者が化物の正体を見極めようとその家に泊まった。
- A swordsman stayed at the house to identify what it really was.
- 現代では極一部の歌舞伎舞踊や祭で見られるだけになった。
- Today it is only seen in very limited Kabuki Buyo (Kabuki Dance) and festivals.
- かわって信濃国飯田市より、京極高知が田辺城に入城した。
- Then Takatomo KYOGOKU moved into Tanabe-jo Castle from Iida City, Shinano Province.
- 情勢は栄仁親王の登極が実現するには厳しいものがあった。
- It was not the best situation for Imperial Prince Yoshihito to succeed to the throne.
- しかし、積極的に千家に関わるのは4代・利斎からである。
- However, it was after the fourth generation, Risai, that they became more deeply involved in the House of Sen.
- 飛鳥時代の皇極天皇の御代に始められたと伝えられている。
- It has been passed down that Niinamesai was first held in the Asuka period, during the reign of Emperor Kogyoku.
- 舞の品の良さから商家の子女の習い事として隆盛を極めた。
- The school became very popular because the elegant dance style was preferred by merchant families who wanted to have their children learn the dance.
- 反乱の拡大がないと見極めが着いた3月下旬に引き揚げた。
- His troop left the port when it was confirmed that there would be no revolt expansion.
- そして、その日の鵜の体調を見極め漁に連れて行く鵜決める。
- Then, he decides cormorants which he brings for fishing after judging their physical condition.
- 極言すればリーダーの人間性いかんにかかっているといえる。
- One could go so far as to say that the presence or absence of such problems is dependent on the nature of the group leader.
- 2009年現在はマツモトキヨシ京都新京極店になっている。
- It is now Matsumotokiyoshi Co., Ltd., Shinkyogoku, Kyoto, as of 2009.
- 鎌倉極楽寺に賊が入り、頼朝公寄進の金子三千両が失われる。
- Robbers attack the Gokuraku-ji Temple in Kamakura, and take away 3,000 ryo (unit of mass and currency) of money that was donated by the shogun Yoritomo.
- 京極高三により、ここに初めて舞鶴藩(田辺藩)が成立した。
- The Maizuru domain (the Tanabe domain) was first established by Takamitsu KYOGOKU.
- 明治時代には登極令によって儀式の内容が細かく規定された。
- In the Meiji Period, the contents of the ceremonies were stipulated in detail by the Tokyoku-rei (former Imperial House Law).
- 信三郎は裁判に消極的で、お互いに商品で勝負すべきと発言。
- Shinzaburo was passive about the suit to claim that they should compete against each other for their products.
- 微分のフェルマーの方法も発表し、極値問題に応用している。
- He presented Fermat's Principle of differentials, and applied it to the extreme value problem.
- 関東の水墨画のなかでも極めて独自性が高い画風を確立した。
- Of all the ink-wash paintings in the Kanto region, Sesson established an extremely unique painting style.
- これも近世では極臈(六位蔵人の首席)一人のみが着用した。
- In the early-modern times, however, only a Gokuro (the head chamberlain of the Rokui no Kurodo) dressed in it.
- 極東国際軍事裁判にて東郷茂徳、広田弘毅の弁護人を務めた。
- He served as the attorney for Shigenori TOGO and Koki HIROTA in the International Military Tribunal for the Far East.
- そのため、守護は積極的に国衙の統治権限を蚕食していった。
- Thus, Shugo had aggressively encroached on the authority in the administration of the Kokuga.
- 即位説を積極的に主張するためには、別の材料が必要となる。
- Other materials are necessary to advocate the enthronement theory positively.
- この裾は身分差などを表現するようになって極端に長くなった。
- This hem had been made extremely long since it came to be used to show class differences, and the like.
- 香りは穏やかで酸の生成が極めて少なく後味が軽い旨口タイプ。
- It produces tasty sake, with a mild aroma, minimal acid, and light finish.
- 極楽寺所化清心のち鬼薊清吉.....市川小團次 (4代目)
- Seishin, the sexton of the Gokuraku-ji Temple; later Seikichi ONIAZAMI…Kodanji ICHIKAWA (the fourth)
- 香りは穏やかで酸の生成が極めて少なく後味が軽い淡麗タイプ。
- It produces tanrei (crispy and dry) sake, with a mild aroma, minimal acid, and light finish.
- 1934年(昭和9年)には、日本も南極海の捕鯨に参入した。
- In 1934, Japan also entered whaling in the Antarctic ocean.
- 後に、藤原道長・藤原頼通の代で藤原摂関政治の全盛を極める。
- Later, in the generations of FUJIWARA no Michinaga and FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, the government of Fujiwara's Sekkan (regent to the Emperor) reached full bloom.
- 細川幽斎(幽斎)に学んで和歌・和学を極め、歌書等を表した。
- He mastered waka and wagaku (study in Japanese classical literature) learning from Yusai HOSOKAWA and wrote waka anthologies.
- 極刑に値するところ死一等を減じられて伊豆国へ流罪となった。
- Despite the charge was worth the death penalty, he escaped the death punishment to the lower one, and exiled to Izu Province.
- 絵は横目扇の表と同じ源氏雲と松鶴水亀笹の絵を極彩色で描く。
- It had pictures of brilliant coloring Genjigumo (floating clouds), pines, cranes, water, turtles, and bamboo grass on the front just like that of a cross-grained fan.
- 朱鳥元年(686年)1月2日、天武天皇は大極殿で宴をした。
- On February 3, 686, Emperor Tenmu held a party at Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace).
- 特に納豆菌繁殖前の茹でた大豆には雑菌が極めて繁殖しやすい。
- Sundry bacteria can proliferate quite easily especially in the case of boiled soybean before the increase of bacillus subtilis natto.
- 女性用の正装の和服の着付けは極めて複雑な手順・作業である。
- Dressing a woman in full dress of Wafuku requires quite a complicated procedure and a lot of work.
- 今後は西京極陸上競技場の改修を軸に検討が進むこととなった。
- Therefore, it was decided that repair of Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium should be mainly considered hereafter.
- 各所に赤・緑・金色の極彩色と截金文様が施され保存状態も良い
- Kirikane patterns as well as brilliant colors consisting of red, green and gold are used in various parts and are kept in a good state.
- 朝鮮半島においては、歴史的に「天下」の用例は極めて少ない。
- On the Korean Peninsula, the term 'Tenka' was seldom used historically.
- 八条宮智仁親王第1王子、生母は丹後国主京極高知の娘京極常子。
- He was the first son of Hachijonomiya Imperial Prince Toshihito and his biological mother was Tsuneko KYOGOKU, a daughter of Takatomo KYOGOKU who was a member of the daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) of Tango Province.
- 仙台藩に仕えた白極家などが有名であったが、維新後に廃絶した。
- The Hakugoku family who served in the Sendai Domain was one of famous families of this school, but they became extinct after the Meiji Restoration.
- (山田美妙「文学極衰?」1890年)『近代文学評論大系』より
- ('Bungaku Kyokusui?' by Bimyo YAMADA, 1890, from 'Kindai Bungaku Hyoron Taikei'
- 高三の孫である京極高盛は但馬国豊岡藩三万五千石へ転封となる。
- Takamitsu's grandson Takamori KYOGOKU was transferred to the Toyooka domain of Tajima Province with 35,000 koku.
- また藤原定家の姉の京極局と健御前も仕えていた(『明月記』)。
- Kyogoku no tsubone and Kengozen, who were elderly sisters of FUJIWARA no Sadaie (Teika), also served her ('Meigetsuki' (literally, The Record of the Clear Moon, the diary of FUJIWARA no Sadaie)).
- 一代雑種のため自家交配の結実率が極めて低い、とする説も有る。
- There is also a theory that since it's a first filial hybrid, the fruition rate of self-pollination is extremely low.
- 柔らかくゆでた極太の麺に黒く濃厚なタレを絡めて食べるうどん。
- Very thick Udon noodles are boiled softly, and then mixed with black and thick dipping broth.
- つなぎは無使用、または極少量使用とそば粉で打った蕎麦が特徴。
- The characteristic of Tachikawa soba is that none or a very small amount of binding agent is added to buckwheat flour.
- また、刺繍や金箔などを効果的に使った装飾を積極的に併用する。
- Decorations effectively utilizing embroidery and gold foil are actively employed.
- 極端には、理事長そのものが替え玉という場合も存在するという。
- In extreme cases, the director is a dummy.
- 殊に、刀剣界全体が困窮していたため、その細工は精緻を極める。
- As the entire sword industry was straitened, their sword work was extremely refined.
- 漸く極まれば異なるに似たれども善く誘ければ殊(ことな)らず。
- Rapid or innovative, they share the same path.
- 清原夏野ら良吏の登用を積極的に行い、地方の政治の荒廃を正した。
- He actively recruited government officials like KIYOHARA no Natsuno and worked to improve the decline of local politics.
- 高陽院泰子について、極端な男嫌いであったことが伝えられている。
- It was said that Kayanoin Taishi was an extreme man-hater.
- 斉明天皇(在位655年~661年)(第37代、皇極天皇の重祚)
- Emperor Saimei (her reign was 655 - 661) (the thirty seventh, the second accession to the imperial throne of Emperor Kogyoku)
- 室町幕府からの信頼も厚く、また文化人とも積極的に交流している。
- He was trusted by the Muromachi bakufu and actively associated with men of culture.
- 大嘗祭の儀式の形が定まったのは、7世紀の皇極天皇の頃とされる。
- It is also said that the ritual outlines of Onie no matsuri Festival were established around the era of the Empress Kogyoku in the seventh century.
- 皇極天皇の場合は子の天智天皇の政治的思惑による時間稼ぎである。
- Emperor Kogyoku stalled for time due to political speculation of his son Emperor Tenchi.
- 胡粉塗りで雲母を引いた地に金銀二色の源氏雲と極彩色の絵を描く。
- On painting of whitewash and kira-biki (applying the powder solution of mica on paper), Genjigumo (floating clouds) in gold and silver and richly colored pictures were drawn.
- サイドメニューのチャーハンも極めて安く、合わせて頼む人が多い。
- Fried rice as a side dish is also very inexpensive, and is ordered by many a customer.
- 8月下旬から収穫可能な超極早生品種として栽培が広がりつつある。
- This is prevailing as a super grown early cultivar that is possible to harvest from the latter part of August.
- 西洋音楽でいう微分音に相当する音を用いることも極一般的である。
- It is very common to use tones corresponding to microtones in Western music.
- どちらも極めれば同じ要素が存在するという意味が込められている。
- It implies that the same elements are involved in both arts when mastered.
- 文治2年(1186年)京都の勘解由小路京極房において入寂した。
- He died in 1186 in Kyogoku-bo, Kadeno-koji avenue in Kyoto.
- 極端に狭い場所を除き、技量が拮抗していれば明らかに不利である。
- Except extremely narrow places, it is obviously disadvantageous to use shinobigatana if the enemy was a very close rival.
- 極付幡随長兵衛(きわめつき ばんずいちょうべえ)は歌舞伎の演目。
- Kiwametsuki BANZUI Chobei refers to a play of Kabuki.
- 現当主は三条西公彦であり、香道を広める活動を積極的に行っている。
- The current family head is Kinyoshi SANJONISHI, who is active in spreading the art of fragrance.
- これにより七経の正義が出そろい漢唐訓詁学の成果はここに極まった。
- Thus the correct interpretation of the shichi-kei was completed, and the accomplishments of the interpretation learning of old words of Han and Tang reached its highest point.
- そういった意味では、冷やし中華に極めて近い料理であるとも言える。
- In that sense, it can be said that the cold noodles in the foregoing are very much like Hiyashi chuka (cold noodles served with toppings such as eggs, roast pork, bean sprouts, tomatoes, and cucumbers).
- 柑橘類の中では耐寒性が強く、極東でも自生出来る数少ない種である。
- Among citrus fruits it is relatively resistant to cold, and it's one of the few types that can grow naturally in the Far East.
- その種類は極めて多く、大きく二つのグループに分けることが出来る。
- There were quite a few types of bemin system, which can roughly be divided into two groups.
- 大統領!(市川左團次 (2代目)、翻訳劇に積極的に取り組んだため)
- 'Daitoryo' for Sadanji ICHIKAWA (the second) who had been taking a positive attitude toward performing plays from foreign countries ('daitoryo' means 'president;' in Japan, it also suggests the president of America or a representative of foreign countries)
- 平安中期以降は大極殿に変わり、儀式、公務、謁見の間として使われた。
- It was changed to the Daigokuden building after the mid Heian period and was used as a place to hold ceremonies, government affairs, or as a place for the Emperor to see people.
- 亀山天皇第二皇子、母は左大臣洞院実雄の娘、皇后洞院佶子(京極院)。
- He was the second Prince of Emperor Kameyama, his mother was the Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), Saneo TOIN's daughter, Kitsushi TOIN (Kyogokuin).
- 朝廷の財政は窮乏を極め、天皇は直筆の書を売ってその足しにしていた。
- Because the Imperial Palace's was in such a poor state, the Emperor sold his own calligraphy to help finance it.
- 特に太政大臣の忠雅が女院別当に補されたのは極めて異例のことだった。
- The appointment of Tadamasa, the Grand Minister, the position of Nyoin betto (steward to the mother of the emperor) in particular was a rare exception.
- 進取の気性に富み、従来の歌舞伎役者の殻を破る活動に積極的に挑んだ。
- Full of enterprising spirit, he actively engaged in activities not done by traditional kabuki actors.
- 従って、実質的には京極高広より宮津藩が成立したといってよいだろう。
- Therefore, it might be said that Miyazu han was substantially established by Takahiro KYOGOKU.
- 幟仁親王は維新以後の急速な生活様式の欧米化に対して消極的であった。
- People's lifestyle rapidly became Westernized after the Meiji Restoration, but Imperial Prince Takahito displayed a negative attitude toward this movement.
- なお、能楽において式三番は極めて神聖かつ重い曲として扱われている。
- Shiki Sanban is treated as an extremely sacred and heavy song in Nohgaku.
- 極稀に、可憐さとは正反対に、精悍な体育会系に描写される場合もある。
- Very rarely, they were described as virile young men contrary to pretty boys.
- ・芋の肉質は粉質で粘り気に富みよく締まり、風味も極めて優れている。
- ・The body of the potato is farinaceous, sticky and tight, and has an excellent taste.
- こうした酒米の種類の多極化は、精米歩合の技術にも変化を与えている。
- Such multipolarity of sakamai varieties brought significant change to the technology of polishing ratios.
- 極めて重要であり、これで食感の大半が決まってしまうと言っても良い。
- It is extremely important and we can say that timing determines the texture.
- また化学肥料で育てると極端に米がもろくなるという欠点も見つかった。
- It was also found that chemical fertilizers would bring up extremely brittle rice out of this breed.
- 道教由来の陰陽五行や八卦などが奈良時代から平安時代に隆盛を極めた。
- Inyogogyo (the cosmic dual forces (yin and yang) and the five elements (metal, wood, water, fire and earth) in Chinese cosmology) and Hakke (eight trigrams) which originated from Taoism were extremely prosperous during a period from the Nara period to the Heian period.
- 極一部の居合術流派(江戸時代以来の流派)は鞘木刀で稽古をしている。
- A very small portion of iai-jutsu schools (those founded since the Edo period) practice with saya bokuto.
- 皇太子の中大兄皇子は即位せず、皇極天皇が重祚して斉明天皇となった。
- Crown Prince, Naka no Oe no Oji, did not accede to the Imperial throne but Empress Kogyoku acceded again to become Empress Saimei.
- 憲兵は一般の朝鮮人に対して極めて威圧的な制度だったと言われている。
- It is said that the military police was an extremely imperative system against the general Koreans.
- 鉄道の整備に比べ、日本統治時代の道路建設は積極的なものでなかった。
- Compared to the development of the railway system, the development of the highway system attracted much less attention during the period of Japanese rule.
- その後、高国の嫡子である京極高規とその子孫は高家として幕府に仕えた。
- Thereafter, Takakuni's heir Takatsuki KYOGOKU and his descendants served the bakufu as Koke.
- 直木孝次郎は皇極天皇と持統天皇がモデルではないかとの説を唱えている。
- Kojiro NAOKI advocated the theory that she was modeled after Empress Kogyoku and Empress Jito.
- そのせいか、上方歌舞伎役者の代数も江戸のそれに比べると極めて少ない。
- This is perhaps the reason the number of generations of Kamigata Kabuki actors is very small compared to that to Edo Kabuki.
- 風呂は浮き世のケガレを洗い流す、という点においては極楽浄土といえる。
- A bath is regarded to be the Pure Land of Amitabha in terms of washing away the dirt of human existence.
- 能の舞の特徴は、極端な摺り足と独特の身体の構え、そして円運動である。
- The features of a Noh dance are the excessive sliding of one's feet along, the peculiar posturing of one's body, and rotary motions.
- Characteristics of dances in Noh are extreme Suriashi, a unique posture, and a circular movement.
- ただし開封後は、極力酸素を避けて密封し、冷蔵保存することが望ましい。
- However, it is recommended to keep it in a refrigerator, being sealed and kept from oxygen.
- 般若(はんにゃ) 嫉妬の度が極めて強く、鬼のような形相になった女性。
- Hannya: extremely jealous woman with a demon-like look.
- 募集方法が変えられ、もはや士族出身者を積極採用することはなくなった。
- With the changed recruitment method, former shizoku were no longer preferentially employed.
- - アメリカ極東軍司令部、朝鮮における占領行政を宣言(即時独立否認)
- The Headquarters of the U.S. Army Forces Far East proclaimed the occupation administration in Korea (Denial of immediate independence).
- 歌道に優れ、京極派の重要なメンバーの一人で、風雅和歌集の監修を行った。
- He was a talented poet and one of the important members of the Kyogoku Group, he supervised the compilation of the Fuga Waka Shu (Collection of Japanese Poetry of Elegance).
- 主力の豪華本は五万件にも及ぶ顧客に販売、海外にも積極的に進出していた。
- The sumptuous books, which were its leading products, were sold to as many as 50,000 customers, and the company was aggressively advancing overseas.
- しかしながら、太平洋戦争開始により南極海捕鯨自体が停止に追い込まれた。
- However, whaling in the Antarctic ocean itself was forced to stop due to the start of the Pacific War
- 祖母皇極天皇、叔母間人皇女(天智の妹、孝徳天皇皇后)とともに葬られた。
- She was buried together with her grandmother, the Empress Kogyoku and her aunt, Hashihito no Himemiko (a younger sister of the Emperor Tenchi [Tenji] and also the empress of the Emperor Kotoku).
- 皇極天皇(斉明天皇)の同母弟で、天智天皇(中大兄皇子)の叔父にあたる。
- Emperor Kogyoku (Emperor Saimei) was his elder maternal half-sister, and Emperor Tenchi (Naka no Oe no Oji) was his nephew.
- 現在では極めて有名な絵であるが、江戸時代にはあまり知られていなかった。
- Although it is a very famous painting nowadays, it was barely known during the Edo period.
- また、風袋を両手にもつ風神、天鼓をめぐらした雷神の姿も極めて独創的だ。
- Moreover, the figures of the wind god with futai (packing) in both hands, and the thunder god with tenko (thunder drams) around are also very original.
- 明治から大正にかけ、中村鴈治郎によって和事の芸が極限にまで洗練された。
- From Meiji to Taisho, the art of wagoto reached the height of sophistication under Ganjiro NAKAMURA.
- 釈迦の説いた法の極意が法華経にあるという中国の智ギの教相判釈に基づく。
- It developed from Kyoso Hanjaku (the evaluation of sutras) by Priest Zhiyi in China, who said that the secret of Buddhism had been taught by Shakya-muni existed in Hokke-kyo (Saddharmapundariika-sutra, the Lotus Sutra).
- 遠い九州で起きた広嗣の乱を聖武天皇が極度に恐れたためであったとされる。
- It is said that this was because Emperor Shomu was extremely afraid of the rebellion of Hirotsugu which occurred far in Kyushu.
- これは身分格差が著しい当時の国内賃金水準からしても極めて高額であった。
- Even compared to national wage levels in an era when the status difference between social classes was very large, such a salary was extremely high.
- 川継の罪は極刑に値するところ、死一等を減じられて伊豆国へ流罪となった。
- Even though the crime that Kawatsugu committed was deserving of the punishment of death, he instead received a lower punishment and was exiled to Izu Province.
- 平野らは更に藩としての挙兵への同調を求めるが、藩首脳部は消極的だった。
- Hirano furthermore asked the domain to go along with their undertaking, but the leaders of the domain were reluctant.
- 四顧皆山路、極めて険階、所謂一夫之を扼すれば、万卒も過る能はざるもの。
- The mountain roads on all sides were so steep that it was said if a strong warrior occupied the place, no weak warriors could pass it, even if they would number 10,000.
- すなわち「物に格(いた)る」(事物に即して理を極める、格=至)とした。
- In other words, he interpreted the word as 'to investigate things' (investigate ri to the utmost in conformity with things, with 'kaku' meaning 'reach'.)
- 細川持春は片腕を斬り落とされ、京極高数と大内持世も瀕死の重傷を負った。
- Mochiharu HOSOKAWA was chopped off his arm and Takakazu KYOGOKU and Mochiyo OUCHI were also mortally injured.
- 讃岐での軟禁生活の中で、仏教に深く傾倒して極楽を願うようになっていった。
- Emperor Sutoku became very attached to the religion while living under house arrest in Sanuki, and his dream was to enter (the Buddhist) paradise.
- 「一点四海を掌握なし栄華を極めんわが所存、その方たちの知ることならず。」
- It's none of your business if I want to rule the whole world and revel in the height of glory.'
- 極端な例では、母が全くの庶民の出である第119代光格天皇なども存在する。
- In an extreme case, the mother of the hundred and nineteenth Emperor Kokaku was a commoner.
- さらには、女性天皇が積極的に容認されない事情に「神道儀礼」の問題がある。
- Furthermore, the reason why the idea of a female Emperor was not positively accepted was because of the issue in terms of 'Shinto ceremony.'
- 大阪で好まれ、本来は再利用であったはずが、積極的な生産対象にまでなった。
- Liked in Osaka, this food was originally produced for reuse of whale meat but has produced actively later.
- そして綾小路俊宗(1690年 - 1770年)以降は大納言を極官とする。
- After Toshimune AYANOKOJI (1690 - 1770), the highest court position appointed was Dainagon (chief councilor of state).
- 豆腐を好んだ作家泉鏡花は、極端な潔癖症でもあったことから豆府と表記した。
- Kyoka IZUMI, a novelist who liked tofu, displayed tofu as 豆府 because he was obsessed with cleanliness.
- 腐造菌という雑菌が醪を汚染し、酢酸などが生成されてつく極めて不快な臭い。
- Highly unpleasant odor caused by contamination of moronic with fuzokin, a type of unfavorable bacterium and resulting generated acetic acid, etc.
- 湿気を極度に嫌うので、革は演奏の前に炭火にかざして乾燥させる必要がある。
- Because moisture is an extreme nuisance, the leather should be dried over a charcoal fire before the performance.
- 京都・新京極には「富貴 (寄席)」「京洛劇場」「京都花月劇場」ができた。
- In Shinkyogoku, Kyoto Prefecture, 'Fuki (Yose) Theater,' 'Kyoraku Theater' and 'Kyoto Kagetsu Theater' opened.
- ゲイには裸祭りの愛好者も多く、積極的に全国の裸祭りに参加しているらしい。
- Many of the gays are devoted to the naked festivals and are reportedly very positive in participating in any naked festival held across the country.
- 楽と同じように彩紀が気になるらしく、何かにつけ積極的に声をかけている様子。
- He appears to be as interested in Saiki as Gaku, implied by the manner in which he actively speaks to her whenever he gets a chance.
- 歌舞伎では珍しい喜劇で、極悪人だがどこか憎めない法界坊の演技が眼目である。
- The play is a comedy, which is unusual in kabuki, and the acting the role of Hokaibo who is evil but somehow lovable is the most important point in the play.
- これを利用した京極氏の家臣・三木良頼が姉小路の名跡継承を朝廷に認めさせた。
- Taking advantage of this, Yoshiyori MITSUKI, a vassal in the Kyogoku clan, had the Imperial Court accept his assumption of the Anegakoji name.
- 舒明天皇の後、継嗣となる皇子が定まらなかったので、皇極天皇として即位した。
- After Emperor Jomei, because they could not decide on which prince should inherit the throne, she was enthroned as Empress Kogyoku.
- しかし、これ以降、この問題を積極的に取り上げるマスメディアはほどんどない。
- However, no media has been focused on this issue seriously since then.
- 開祖となった極真会館がもっとも有名であるが、広義には以下のものも含まれる。
- The Kyokushin Kaikan, a founding father of full-contact karate, is the most famous, but in a broader sense the varieties of karate shown below are also included.
- 調理の一極化や専門化を生んだとも言え、竈を中心に人が集中するようになった。
- It also produced the centralization and specialization of cooking, and people gathered together around the kamado.
- 2008年のシーズンは前回の昇格時の反省を踏まえ、積極的な補強を敢行した。
- In the 2008 season, the club carried out active reinforcement with reflection and regret from the previous promotion.
- また、話題も豊富に提供され、前述の寄席を中心に興行が積極的に行われている。
- Considerable publicity has commercially assisted in vigorous kodan performances, primarily in the abovementioned comedy houses.
- 醤油をくわえ極弱火で加熱し一時間煮、コンブの出汁と砂糖を加えさらに二時間。
- Soy sauce is added, and it is heated at an extremely low heat for one hour, and for additional two hours after kelp broth and sugar are added.
- 堤代長・堤広長は、正二位中納言に昇進したが、原則的には参議が極官であった。
- The highest attainable position was Sangi (Imperial Adviser), except for Shironaga TSUTSUMI and Hironaga TSUTSUMI who was promoted to Shonii (Senior Second Rank), Vice-Councilor of State.
- 日本語は複雑な表記体系をもつが、近現代において日本人の識字率は極めて高い。
- Japanese has a complicated orthographic system, though the literacy rate of the Japanese people is very high in modern times.
- ルネサンス期の16世紀にヨーロッパ人は日本に到着し、極めて日本を賞賛した。
- In the 16th century, during the Renaissance period, Europeans who visited Japan admired Japan very much.
- そして、万里の長城以北と満州に勢力圏を拡大し極東への野心を実行していった。
- Russia also expanded its influence area to regions north of the Great Wall of China and Manchuria, fulfilling its ambitions in the far East one by one.
- 大極殿などの建物は中国風に瓦葺屋根で造られた(日本の宮殿建築では初めて)。
- The Daigokuden (imperial audience hall) and other palace buildings were the first palaces built in Japan to have a tiled roof in the Chinese style.
- 1954年12月19日:洋画ロードショー劇場として「京極東宝劇場」オープン。
- December 19, 1954: 'Kyogoku Toho Theater' opened as a first-run theater for foreign films.
- 後世では極めて瀟洒なものになった反面、整いすぎて形式化したものが少なくない。
- The style became quite elegant in later years but not a few are too balanced and formalistic.
- 演目名は極楽浄土に住むという人面鳥身で美声を持つ霊鳥迦陵頻伽に由来している。
- The title of this music is derived from a sacred bird called 'Karyobinga,' which has a human face and bird's body with a beautiful voice, living in paradise.
- また沖縄においても血と共に肉を炒めるといった積極的に血を利用する料理もある。
- In Okinawa, there is a dish using the blood of whale meat actively, for example, by frying the meat together with the blood.
- 数少ないこの期の刀剣の史料であるとともに、伝世品であるため極めて状態が良い。
- They are some of few swords as well as historical materials from the Nara period, which are preserved in an excellent condition as art objects much favored and passed down over generations.
- 幕末に日本は開国されたが極東に位置していたため外国からの訪問者は少なかった。
- Japan ended its national isolation at the end of the Edo period, but not many foreigners visited this Far Eastern country, Japan.
- そして後に許されて位階・権大納言となり、これ以降の高倉家の当主の極官となる。
- Later, he ascended to the Court Rank of Junior Chief Councillor of State, which was the top rank the head of the Takakura family would attain.
- 中でも、明治初期のベークライトでできた簪は極めて珍重されている骨董品である。
- Above all, Kanzashi made from bakelite that were produced in the early days of the Meiji period are highly valued antiques now.
- 損益分岐点が他地域にくらべてたかくなっているため、進出に消極的となっている。
- The break-even points in this region are higher than in other regions, making the chains reluctant to expand into the region.
- その鳳凰堂の姿形は、正に極楽の阿弥陀仏の宮殿(くうでん)を模したものである。
- The temple's Hoo-do Hall (Phoenix Hall) was a copy of the Amida Buddha's palace in Sukhavati.
- どっこい担ぎの極みとして、茅ヶ崎「暁の祭典浜降祭」7月20日前後開催がある。
- As a culmination of Dokkoi-katsugi, Akatsuki no Saiten Hamaori-sai Festival is held annually around July 20 in Chigasaki City.
- 上方のみならず東京の噺家にも積極的に稽古をつけるなど古典落語の継承に努めた。
- He made an effort to transmit classical routines by teaching young storytellers in both Kamigata and Tokyo.
- 海外公演を積極的に進める桂小春団治 (3代目)や笑福亭鶴笑(マペット落語)。
- Koharudanji KATSURA (III) and Kakusho SHOFUKUTEI (Muppet Rakugo) actively held rakugo shows abroad.
- だが、近年は数字譜・五線譜を補助的あるいは積極的に用いる地域も増えつつある。
- However, the number of areas in which numeric and staff notation have become supplementary or widely used has increased in recent years.
- それは中国王朝を中心とする天下のなかにあった時期が極めて長かったことによる。
- The reason for the above is because Korea was included in the Tenka of the Chinese dynasty for a quite long time.
- 清・朝関係は、近代的国際法から見ると極めてファジーな属人主義的関係であった。
- From the viewpoint of modern international law, the relationship between the Qing dynasty and Korea was extremely ambiguous on the personal principle.
- 家斉以降の徳川家の所用品は極めて豪奢で、なおかつ原則として毎年調進されている。
- Since the time of Ienari, the konoshi owned by the Tokugawa family were very extravagant; however, new ones were procured each year.
- 乙巳の変(645年6月)により皇極天皇が譲位し、軽皇子(孝徳天皇)が即位する。
- The Empress Kogyoku abdicated the throne in favor of the Prince Karu (the Emperor Kotoku) after the coup of the Murder in the Year of Ishhi (June 645).
- 文化7年(1810年)9月父帝光格天皇の命で京極宮を継承し、桂宮の宮号を賜る。
- In September 1810, the prince became the head of the Kyogoku-no-miya famly under the order of his father, the Emperor Kokaku, and was granted Miyago (reigning name) of Katsura-no-miya.
- 皇太子は、皇祖母尊(皇極)と皇后(間人)、皇弟を連れて倭飛鳥河辺行宮に行った。
- The crown prince went to Yamato no Asuka no Kawara no Karimiya with the Founder of the Imperial Family (Empress Kogyoku), the empress (Hashihito) and his younger brother.
- ここに来て、地歌はもはやこれ以上進む余地がないほど三味線の技巧の極致に達した。
- At this time jiuta reached the point in shamisen technique where no further improvement could be made.
- それを見極めるのに着目されるのが、米のところどころに生じる破精(はぜ)である。
- In order to judge it, haze, that occurs in several positions on rice, is focused on.
- 京への直接的脅威と言う点では、極めて深刻な状況であったのではとする見方もある。
- Therefore, Sumitomo must have seemed a serious threat to Kyoto.
- その系統は蘇我堅塩媛―桜井皇子―吉備姫王―皇極天皇―天智天皇―今上天皇となる。
- The lineage is as follows: SOGA no Kitashihime, Sakurai no Oji, Kibitsuhime Okimi, Empress Kogyoku, Emperor Tenchi, and the present emperor.
- The family line is: SOGA no Kitashihime - Sakurai no Miko - Kibitsuhime Okimi - Empress Kogyoku - Emperor Tenchi - the present Emperor of Japan.
- 稲毛の若党から盗んだ金子の極印から足がついて、おもとと新助が引っ拘えらえられた。
- Omoto and Shinzuke have been traced by the hallmark of the money stolen from the wakato (young samurai) of Inage and are both arrested.
- しかし、宇多とその子の醍醐天皇は積極的な政治を展開し、天皇親政の理想型を築いた。
- But, Emperor Uda and his child, Emperor Daigo established the form of the Emperor's directly ruled government by actively becoming involved in politics.
- 京極家は近江源氏佐々木氏の末裔であり、有名な京極道誉(佐々木道誉)の子孫である。
- The Kyogoku family was descended from Omi Genji Sasaki clan and was also a descendant of the famous Doyo KYOGOKU (Doyo SASAKI).
- 極官は太政大臣(ただし、江戸時代の太政大臣は摂政・関白経験者に限られた)である。
- Kyokkan (the highest rank appointed) was Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister) (however, Daijo-daijin during the Edo Period was limited to those who experienced Sessho (regent) or Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor).
- 上冷泉家の江戸時代における家格は羽林家で、官位は概ね権大納言民部卿を極官とした。
- The Kami Reizei family had Urin family status in the Edo period, eventually reaching an official rank of Gon-no-Dainagon Mimbu-kyo, Junior Chief of the Councilor of State and Director of Popular Affairs Office.
- 皇極天皇に皇祖母尊(すめみおやのみこと)という称号を与え、中大兄を皇太子とした。
- He gave Emperor Kogyoku the title Sumemioya no mikoto and made Naka no Oe no Oji the Crown Prince.
- また平安時代中期から浄土教の影響で西方浄土の極楽に見たてた浄土式庭園が流行した。
- And from the middle of the Heian period, the Jodo style garden that mimics the idea of Western Paradise under the doctrine of the Jodo thoughts of Buddhism (thoughts of going to heaven through praying to Amida Buddha) was prevailing.
- また、剣術が竹刀による稽古中心となった影響で、刀の形状も極めて反りが浅くなった。
- And since swordsmanship was practiced with bamboo swords, Katana came to have a shape with a shallow curve.
- 漢字的用筆の残った「かな」は枯淡の境地を成立せしめ、極めて格調の高い作品である。
- Kana,' which retained the ink brush used for Chinese character, established a refined mental state and is an extremely elegant piece of work.
- そのかわり、同音連続の際は極短時間音孔を開閉操作して「音を打つ」(音を区切る)。
- Instead, the sound is 'tapped' by opening and closing the tone hole rapidly while the same tone is being played.
- また厳密にはもともとこの寿星(南極老人)が単独で日本に伝わったのが寿老人である。
- Strictly speaking, Jurojin was originally Shouxing (Canopus) that had exclusively been introduced to Japan.
- また極秘裏に諸藩でも写本が流布し、その内容を把握して自藩の法令制定の参照とした。
- In addition, 'Toin shikan' was distributed to various domain secretaries, and personnel in the domains captured the contents and referred to it when they established laws in their own domain.
- その後は蘇我氏以外からは大連に任じられる者も出ず、政権は蘇我氏の一極体制となる。
- After this event, the Soga clan members monopolized appointments to Omuraji, and governance became unipolarized under their dominance.
- 「(長町裏の殺陣は)すべて極まった形が手綺麗に行かぬと、この場の団七になりません。
- Danshichi is not really Danshichi in this scene if the style that everything is fit does not go beautifully (in a sword fight of Nagamachiura).'
- しかし、煎茶道では「金属製の湯沸かしは茶の味が壊れる」として極力避ける傾向がある。
- However, in Senchado, it is said that 'metallic water boiler ruins tea flavor,' therefore metallic water boiler is avoided as much as possible.
- 今日では輸送技術の発達により、極端な例を挙げれば山里などでも寿司屋が存在している。
- Now with the development of transportation technology, there are sushi restaurants even in the mountains, for example.
- 研究者によって種数は変動するが、全世界に約40種が熱帯から両極地まで広く分布する。
- Though the estimated number of species varies among researchers, approximately forty species of cormorants live all over the world from the tropics to both poles.
- 鎌倉時代、九条道家の二男二条良実が、二条京極の邸宅を二条殿と称したのが家名の由来。
- The family name came from the fact that the second son of Michiie KUJO, Yoshizane NIJO, referred to the house in Nijo-Kyogoku as Nijo Palace during the Kamakura period.
- 極官は正三位非参議であったが、孝治(惟庸の祖父)、惟庸、惟永は従二位に任じられた。
- Kyokkan (the highest rank to which one can be appointed) was Shosanmi and Hisangi (advisor at large), but Takaharu (grandfather of Koretsune), Koretsune and Korenaga were promoted to Junii (Junior Second Rank).
- 658年(皇極天皇4年)には曾甥孫にあたる有間皇子が処刑、曾孫である建皇子が早世。
- In 658, the Prince Arima, who was a great-grandnephew to her, was executed, and Takeru no miko, who was a great-grandchild to her, died young.
- 「Onsen」を世界で通用する言葉にする運動は、草津温泉などが積極的に行っている。
- People of Kusatsu-onsen Hot Spring are actively conducting the movement to make 'Onsen' a global term.
- 弘安7年(1284年)上洛し、四条京極の釈迦堂入りし、都の各地で踊り念仏を行なう。
- In 1284, he went up to Kyoto, made a stay at Shaka-do hall (a hall in which a statue of the historical Buddha, Shakyamuni, is enshrined) in Shijo-Kyogoku, and practiced Odori Nenbutsu in places in Kyoto.
- また、久留島義太は極値問題を級数展開の視点で考察し、微分法の一歩手前まで来ている。
- Yoshihiro KURUSHIMA studied the extreme value problem from the point of view of series expansion, and came within an inch of understanding complex differentiation.
- 1967年、第一回日本能楽団欧州公演に加わって以来、積極的に海外公演を行っている。
- Since he joined the Japan Noh Troupe's first performance tour to Europe in 1967, he has been active in overseas performances.
- 江戸幕府の規定を守る必要がない春画は、通常では出版できない極彩色の作品が作られた。
- Beyond the rules and regulations enacted by the Edo shogunate, the shuga in full color was published that was ordinarily impossible.
- 極印方の湯浅作兵衛は徳川家より大黒常是(だいこくじょうぜ)という姓名を与えられた。
- As the officer in charge of stamping hallmarks, Sakubei YUASA was granted the new family name DAIKOKUJOUZE from the Tokugawa family.
- 反面百済系は、旌善全氏、天安全氏の系列、高句麗系は、晋州姜氏ぐらいと極端に少ない。
- On the other hand, the Baekje line is extremely limited having families of the Jeongseon Jeon clan and the Cheonan Jeon clan, and the Goguryeo line has mainly the Jinju Gang clan.
- 二条は悪僧・神人の統制令や荘園整理など、信西の政策を踏襲して積極的な政務を展開する。
- The Emperor issued a regulation to control Akuso (monk who does not follow the regulation in priesthood) and Jinin (a maiden in the service of a shrine) or the manorial control system, and established positive political ruling by following Shinzei's policy.
- ワキの積極的な関与が見られるなど、劇的構成を目指した比較的新しいスタイルの能である。
- This is a relatively new style of Noh aimed at dramatic composition, with the active involvement of the waki (supporting actor).
- 京極氏の祖 佐々木氏は鎌倉時代以前より近江国にあり、近江源氏とも称された家系である。
- The original forefather of the Kyogoku clan, the Sasaki clan, was in Omi Province before the Kamakura period, and was also called Omi-Genji.
- 子爵となった京極高徳は現在の北海道虻田郡京極町に農場を拓き、後に町名の由来となった。
- Takanori KYOGOKU who became a peer opened a farm in Kyogoku-cho, Abuta county, Hokkaido, which later became the origin of the town's name.
- 減酸が緩やかなため他の極早生品種に比べて収穫時期が遅れるがその分食味は長く保たれる。
- Its harvest is later than others as it takes longer to lessen the sour taste than other 'wase' cultivars, however to the contrary, when acid is attenuated, an improved taste is retained longer.
- 少女(極稀に少年)は、この時に初めて化粧(厚化粧の場合が多い)をして貰う場合が多い。
- Often girls (very rare but sometimes also boys) have their faces done for the first time (in most cases, they are heavily made up).
- 大吟醸酒は最高の酒米を極限まで磨き、蔵人の力を結集して醸した日本酒の最高峰といえる。
- We can say that daiginjoshu is the top product among sake brewed by polishing sakamai of the best quality to the ultimate level and combining capabilities of the workers in the sake brewery.
- この多くのブッダの中に西方極楽浄土の阿弥陀如来や東方浄瑠璃世界の薬師如来などがある。
- These many Buddha include Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) in the Western Pure Land and Yakushi Nyorai (the Healing Buddha) in the Eastern Pure Land.
- 三千家の中で裏千家の流儀を特徴づけるのは11代玄々斎以来特に顕著な「積極性」である。
- Among the three Sansenke schools, the Urasenke school has been featured by its particularly prominent 'positive attitude' since the generation of Gengensai, the eleventh headmaster of the school.
- さらに全国各地で日頃の練習の成果を発表する場としてコンサートを積極的に開催している。
- Also, it has been holding concerts throughout Japan for providing opportunities for students to show the results of daily practice.
- その為には、正真正銘の刀と直接対峙し、自分なりに見極め処を覚えていく事が必要となる。
- It is required to face real swords and continue to learn key points for detecting real swords on one's own.
- 日本では唐風儀式の取り入れに積極的であった桓武天皇の784年に初めて儀式が行われた。
- In Japan, such a ceremony was held for the first time in 784 by the Emperor Kanmu, who had been actively adopting Chinese-style ceremonies.
- 追討使の中原成道は消極的で、関東へ向かう途上、母親の病を理由に美濃国で滞陣している。
- The tsuitoshi, NAKAHARA no Narimichi was inactive and his army stayed in Mino Province on the way to Kanto because his mother was sick.
- そして、天平宝字4年(760年)には太師(太政大臣)にまで登りつめ栄耀栄華を極めた。
- Moreover, in 760, Nakamaro became the Taishi (Daijo-daijin [Grand Minister of State]) and lived luxuriously and prosperously.
- 後漢末期から戦乱の時代が長く続き、中国の社会は混乱を極め、ほとんど崩壊に至っていた。
- Following the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a long period of war, bringing Chinese society to the brink of collapse.
- 現存日本最古の瓦は飛鳥時代のもので、元興寺の極楽坊本堂と禅室に葺かれている瓦とされる。
- The oldest existing Kawara tiles in Japan were made in the Asuka period, and they are the ones on Gokuraku-bo Hondo (main hall) and Zenshitsu (room for Zen sitting meditation) of Gango-ji Temple.
- 尾は細長いものと極端に短いものがあるが、細長くても先だけが折れ曲がっているものもある。
- Some tails are slender and others extremely short, but there are also some slender but curved only at the tip.
- しかし、里見軍は義堯がもともとこの戦いに消極的であったためにあまり協力的ではなかった。
- However, the army of the Satomi clan was not so cooperative in the battle because Yoshitaka had been reluctant to support the battle from the beginning.
- しかし、戦争末期には日本各地で連合国軍の空襲や艦砲射撃が苛烈を極め多くの弓道場が焼失。
- However, toward the end of the war, air raids and naval gunfire by the Allied Forces became fierce in various parts of Japan, and many Kyudo dojo burned down.
- 1996年のJリーグ昇格以降、ホームゲームはほぼすべて西京極陸上競技場で行われている。
- Since 1996 when the team was promoted to the J. League, it has played almost all home games in Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium.
- 「このわた汁」は、このわたをまな板の上で庖丁で叩き、椀に入れ、極く淡仕立ての汁を注ぐ。
- 'Konowata jiru' (konowata soup) is made by tapping konowata with a kitchen knife on a cutting board, putting it into a wooden bowl, and then pouring an extremely light-seasoned soup into the bowl.
- 極めて吸水性が高いアンモニアの性質を生かし、高野豆腐の水戻し時間を短縮する役割を持つ。
- By utilizing the property of highly absorbent ammonia, the time needed to reconstitute the koya-dofu is shortened.
- 桓武天皇の時代には、長岡京・平安京への遷都や、対蝦夷戦争への積極的な遂行が実施された。
- During Emperor Kanmu's reign, the capital was relocated to Nagaoka-kyo and then to Heian-kyo, and aggressively pursued the conquest of Ezo.
- 条約締結以後、清朝が最後の冊封国朝鮮を維持しようと、朝鮮に積極的に関与するようになる。
- After conclusion of the treaty, the Qing dynasty became positively involved with Korea in order to maintain the last subject state under the tributary system.
- これは、当時の元が日本に使者を送った理由や情勢を考えると、至極妥当だとする考えである。
- It seems to be very reasonable, taking into consideration the reason for Yuan's sending envoys to Japan then and its circumstances.
- また嘘から出た真の新助のおみよへの恋心の発露が極めて自然に描かれているのも特徴的である。
- It is also a feature of this play that Shinsuke's genuine love for Omiyo that started with a lie is expressed quite naturally.
- このような例は貴賎結婚に極めて厳格だったヨーロッパの王室ではあまり見られないことである。
- This was not very common in European Royal Households where they were very strict about marriage with a commoner.
- 口語体文学極衰! この言葉を吾々は島田三郎氏、福沢諭吉翁及び其他一二の人から聞きました。
- An extreme decline of the colloquial style literature! We have been told about the phrase by Saburo SHIMADA, the revered old Mr. FUKUZAWA and another one or two persons.
- 「粋」を具現化した洗練された江戸文化の極致として後々まで日本文化に決定的な影響を与えた。
- As the sophisticated ultimate Edo culture that embodied 'Iki', the ideal chic or stylish Eco culture, 'Sukeroku' had a decisive impact on the future of Japanese culture.
- 皇極天皇元年(642年)、舒明天皇の大葬では巨勢徳太が大派皇子の代わりに誄を述べている。
- In 642, KOSE no Tokuta gave the shinobigoto (speech given to the spirit of the departed about his/her merit) on behalf of Prince Oha at the imperial funeral for Empress Kogyoku.
- 茅渟王(押坂彦人大兄皇子の子)の妃となり、宝女王(皇極天皇)・軽王(孝徳天皇)を儲けた。
- She married Chinu no okimi (son of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko) and had Takara no himemiko (Empress Kogyoku) and Prince Karu (Emperor Kotoku).
- しかし、645年(皇極天皇4年)に乙巳の変で蘇我蝦夷・蘇我入鹿親子の宗本家が滅ぼされる。
- In 645, however, the head family of the Soga clan of Soga no Emishi, the father and his son, SOGA no Iruka was destroyed in Isshi-no-hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi).
- 『太平記』によると、武芸を好み、日頃から自ら鍛練を積む極めて例が無い座主であったという。
- According to 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace), he favored military art, and kept himself trained as a usual behavior, which was rare for a Tendai-zasu.
- 大臣の蘇我入鹿は、蘇我氏の血をひく古人大兄皇子を皇極天皇の次期天皇に擁立しようと望んだ。
- A minister SOGA no Iruka wanted Furuhito no Oe no Miko of the Soga clan blood to ascend to the throne after Empress Kogyoku.
- それから、臨済宗に転じ、天童山や浄慈寺などで修行を積み、阿育王寺の頑極行弥の法を嗣いだ。
- Then he learnt the principles of the Rinzaishu sect, performed Buddhist practice on Mt. Tendo and at Joji-ji Temple, and assumed the principles of Gangyoku Gyoya at Aikuo-ji Temple.
- 百万遍念仏と極楽往生を結びつけた最初の人物は唐の迦才であると言われている(『浄土論』)。
- The first person who related Hyakumanben Nenbutsu and gokuraku ojo (peaceful death) is said to be Kasai of Tang (according to 'Jodo-ron' (the Pure Land Treatise written by Kasai)).
- 中書院では柱を三間も抜いて、極端に幅の広い明障子を立て込み、単調な繰り返しを破っている。
- In Chushoin, extremely wide Akari-shoji were set between three bays, and broke up the monotonous repetition.
- 河内素麺(大阪府)…近代に至るまで隆盛を極めたが、都市化や環境の劣化に伴って次第に衰退。
- Kawachi somen (Osaka Prefecture): Though flourished until the modern times, gradually declined according to the urbanization and the degradation of the environment.
- 政府主導で積極的な西洋文化の導入が図られ、鹿鳴館時代には皮相的に急激な西洋化が図られた。
- The government took the initiative in actively introducing western culture, and the rapid westernization was enhanced superficially in the period of Rokumeikan (Deer-cry-Hall).
- TVアニメ『巨人の星』において、主人公の父親は極端なスパルタ教育で知られる星一徹である。
- In the TV cartoon 'Kyojin no Hoshi' (Star of the Giants), Ittetsu HOSHI, the father of the leading character, is famous for having had a Spartan education.
- 文禄4年(1595年)、豊臣秀吉の家臣である京極高次が6万石で入部したことから立藩した。
- In 1595, Takatsugu KYOGOKU who was a vassal of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI entered the domain for the first time with properties bearing 60,000 koku (1 koku was about 180 liter; an old unit showing volume), and as a result, the Otsu Domain was established.
- これ以降大黒常是家は鋳造された銀貨に「常是」の略号を刻印して銀貨の極印・包装を担当した。
- From then on he stamped the name 'Jouze' on newly minted coins as a hallmark and wrapped them with official seals.
- 良質灰吹銀に偽造の慶長銀の極印を打ち「似せ大黒」を作成し、輸出するといったことも行われ、
- This lead to the creation and export of forged Daikoku coins with fake Keiko stamp impressions made from good cupellated silver.
- たとえば、10月6日付の『東京朝日』には、「激甚被害地を除く他は極めて豊作」と出ている。
- For example, Tokyo Asahi (newspaper) dated October 6 reported 'apart from worst hit areas, they had a large harvest.'
- その中心建物である大極殿は740年の遷都の際に取り壊され、後に旧位置の東側に再建された。
- The central building known as Daigokuden was demolished when relocating the capital in 740, and later reconstructed on the east side of the original location.
- そういう地域では、極端な前屈姿勢での食事も必ずしも無作法というわけではない場合も見られる。
- In these regions, eating in an extreme stooped position is not always considered to be bad manners.
- 白河も鳥羽も積極的な政策展開を行い、専制的な院政の典型とも、院政の最盛期とも評されている。
- Both Shirakawa and Toba worked to positively develop politics, it was criticized as the typical style of despotic cloistered government or the golden age of the cloistered government.
- 同月、新京極の芝居小屋「夷谷座」でフランスから輸入したドキュメンタリーフィルムを公開する。
- In the same month, he released a documentary film imported from France at 'Ebisudani-za Theater,' a playhouse in Shinkyogoku.
- 白蓮が手切れ金に渡した小判の包み紙に清吉が極楽寺の役僧のときに押した刻印があるのがわかる。
- As Hakuren hands them some koban (former Japanese oval gold coin) to get rid of them, Seikichi finds on the wrapping paper of the koban a seal which he carved as a sexton of the Gokuraku-ji Temple.
- 上品で和事の極致にいるような兄が見よう見まねで喧嘩のまねごとをするが、まったく迫力がない。
- Shinbei, who is polite and a typical character of the gentle acting style called Wagoto, tries to pick a quarrel with others following Sukeroku's example, but he completely lacks the power.
- 絵も山科流のような極端な固定は近世以後だが、古くから祝い物が用いられたから、松や鶴は古い。
- Pictures on the fan were strictly fixed as in Yamashina school after the early-modern times, but the motif of pine and cranes had been used for centuries because these were considered as bringers of good luck.
- 心に極楽浄土を思い描き浄土に生まれ変われることを願ったもの(念仏)と理解されているようだ。
- It seems to be understood as a wish for rebirth in the Pure Land by imaging the Pure Land of Amitabha.
- 浄土宗において安心とは浄土門で、阿弥陀仏の救済を信じて疑わず、極楽往生を求めることをさす。
- In the Jodo sect, the term 'anshin' means believing without a doubt in salvation by Amida Buddha and wishing for gokuraku ojo (peaceful death) by the Pure Land teachings.
- 型破りで非常に長大な曲が多く、ことに器楽部である「手事」が長く複雑で、かつ難技巧を極める。
- Many of his songs were unconventional and very long and in particular the instrumental parts 'tegoto' were long, complicated and extremely difficult to play.
- 形の良否により選別され、合格したものは数量および目方が改められた後、常是極印役に引き継ぐ。
- Coins were screened by quality in shape, with coins that passed inspection counted and weighed and later sent to the jouze-gokuinyaku.
- この年には右大臣左兵衛督加賀美濃権守の位に昇るが、これを極官として、その翌年に病を得て死去。
- In the same year, he was promoted to the position of Udaijin (Minister of the Right), Sahyoe no kami and director of Kaga and Mino Provinces, it was his gokkan (the highest official rank) and he died of illness next year.
- 18代武田信虎の頃には国内はほぼ統一され、積極的に隣国である信濃国に侵攻して家勢を拡大した。
- The eighteenth head Nobutora TAKEDA unified the territory and actively expanded the clan's territory by invading neighboring Shinano Province.
- 舒明天皇の第三皇子で母は宝皇女(皇極天皇)、天智天皇、間人皇女の同母弟であるが、異説もある。
- Although some have a different theory, he is the third imperial prince of the Emperor Jomei and Takara no Himemiko (the Empress Kogyoku), and the younger maternal half-brother of the Emperor Tenchi and Hashihito no Himemiko.
- 御名部皇女(みなべのひめみこ、皇極天皇6年(660年)? - 没年不詳)は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Minabe no Himemiko (660 - year of death unknown) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Asuka period.
- 建皇子(たけるのみこ、白雉2年(651年) - 皇極天皇4年(658年)は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Takeru no miko (651 - 658) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Asuka period.
- 事件後、皇極天皇のあとを受けて皇位に即く事を勧められたがそれを断り、出家して吉野へ隠退した。
- After the incident, despite Furuhito no Oe no Miko was strongly recommended to ascend to the throne, he refused and entered into the priesthood to retire.
- 康有為が唱える孔子教運動には、弟子の陳煥章が積極的に賛同し、中国及びアメリカで活動している。
- The Koshi-kyo movement advocated by Ko Yui (Kang Youwei) was actively supported by his disciple, Chin Kansho, who operated in China and America.
- 陰陽思想では奇数は陽の数であり、陽数の極である9が重なる日であることから「重陽」と呼ばれる。
- According to inyo-shiso (a Chinese ideology of dual cosmic forces, the active and passive), odd numbers are regarded as active numbers, among which the number nine is the ultimate, so that dual nine (September 9) means the highest level of activeness and is written in Chinese characters as 'cho' (meaning 'doubled') and 'yo' (meaning 'activeness').
- 即位灌頂を行うことにより、天皇は大日如来と同一化し、極めて高い宗教的な権威を得ることになる。
- By conducting sojuikanjo, the emperor was identified with Dainichi Nyorai and obtained extremely high religious authority.
- 栖鳳は狩野派や西洋画の写実画法などを積極的に取り入れ、再び四条派の画風を変えることになった。
- He adopted the technique of realism from the Kano school and Western paintings willingly and changed the painting style of the Shijo school again.
- 同家中の丸田盛次(丸田九左衛門)に師事して霞流砲術の奥義を極め、関流を称することを許される。
- Seki studied under Moritsugu MARUTA (Kyuzaemon MARUTA)serving for the same family and after mastering the secrets of arts of gunnery of Kasumi school, he was permitted to call his school Seki.
- 弓矢やそれに類する射的が隆盛を極め、形を変えながら日本の祭り文化やお座敷遊びに根ざしている。
- Yumiya and similar target practicing games flourished during this period, seen in festivals and Ozashiki-Asobi (playing games with Geisha - Japanese professional female entertainers at a drinking party) in Japan in some different styles still now.
- 剣術流派によっては、相打ちを極意とするところもあり、こうした傾向は江戸時代後期では特に強い。
- Some swordplay schools regard aiuchi as their innermost secret, and such tendency was strong especially in the latter of the Edo period.
- 生卵は冷凍保存できないことから、南極観測隊では年に一度の御馳走として卵かけ御飯が振舞われた。
- Because a raw egg cannot be refrigerated, tamago kake gohan was served for Antarctic Research Expedition as a special menu once a year.
- 光崎のこのような積極的姿勢は当道座の反感を誘い、京都を追われたという話もあるが定かではない。
- It is said that such an aggressive attitude like MITSUZAKI aroused opposition from Todo-za and he was expelled from Kyoto, but it is no longer sure.
- 福井県のものは黒砂糖と寒天を使用し、水分の多い極柔らかい仕上がりの、かなり独自の食品である。
- Mizu-yokan made in Fukui Prefecture is very different; it is made with brown sugar and agar, and the texture is extremely soft since it contains a lot of water.
- 棚田嘉十朗によって「奈良大極殿保存会」が設立され、1924年から平城宮の発掘調査が行われた。
- Nara Daigokuden Preservation Society' was established by Kajuro TANADA, and the excavation of Heijo-kyu Palace began in 1924.
- なお、桔梗原の戦いに関しては矢島文書など極少数の資料にしか記述がなく、確定された事実ではない。
- There are only a few written records of the Kikyogahara battle, for example, the Yajima bunsho, and there is no proof whether the battle in fact took place or not.
- 一部の家は近衛府や弁官を経ないで大納言を極官とするが、公卿となっても非参議に留まるものが多い。
- Some families advanced to Dainagon (chief councilor of state), the highest post attainable by appointment, without working their way up through Konoefu (the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards) or Benkan (Oversight Department: a division of the Dajokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices) but, while having joined the ranks of Kugyo (the top court officials), many Hanke families tended to stagnate at the level of Hisangi (advisor at large).
- だが、皇族が政争に関与すべきではないこと、皇族は武官であったことから、登院は極めて稀であった。
- However, from the standpoint that members of the Imperial family should not be involved in politics and the fact that they were military officers, it was rare for them to actually attend the Council.
- 三重県「理極流」「辻一務流」「服部流」「滝流」「義盛流」「内川流」「滝野流」「沢流」「伊賀流」
- 'Rikyoku school,' 'Tsuji-Ichimu school,' 'Hattori school,' 'Taki school,' 'Yoshimori school,' 'Uchigawa school,' 'Takino school' and 'Sawa school' and 'Iga school' in Mie Prefecture
- 浴衣の多様化によって、かつては一目瞭然であった浴衣以外の着物との境界は極めて曖昧になっている。
- The diversification of yukata has made the boundary between yukata and other clothing less distinct.
- コスト的な影響から「コーヒー」としての350g缶は稀で「コーヒー飲料」としても極少数に留まる。
- Due to their cost, 350 g cans are rarely used for 'coffee' and extremely less for 'Coffee beverages.'
- 大化の改新には、遣唐使の持ってきた情報を元に唐の官僚制と儒教を積極的に受容した部分が見られる。
- In the Taika Reforms, there are seen portions where the bureaucratic system of Tang and Confucianism were actively accepted based on information the Japanese envoys to Tang Dynasty China brought back.
- 表面に鏨目が打たれ、計量検査が行われた後、棟梁および座人の験極印が打たれ、後藤手代に渡された。
- After the surface of koban was chiseled and weighing and inspection were performed, hallmarks of toryo (master) and zanin (hereditary officers of kin-za and gin-za in the Edo period) were punched and koban were handed over to Goto-tedai.
- 磨製石器はこのように製作した石器を他の石材で擦ることにより磨いて凹凸を極力無くした石器をさす。
- Ground stone tool was made of such stone tools which had seldom asperity by being polished with other stone material.
- 中期以降は外様大名の転封は極端に減少し、幕府役職就任に伴う徳川系大名の行政的転封が主流となる。
- After the middle of the period, Tenpo of the Tozama daimyo extremely decreased, and administrative Tenpo of the daimyo on the Tokugawa clan's side on their appointments in the bakufu's posts became mainstream.
- 其他、竹内金次郎も先日走り帰りて、語るにも、小銃の弾丸は樫木を用る等、実に困難を極めたりと云。
- Kinjiro TAKEUCHI, who ran back the other day, also talked that their hardships were so extreme, for example, as to have used hard tree chips for bullets for small guns.
- この頃、京都へ尊王攘夷派の志士が集い、「天誅」と称して反対派を暗殺するなど、治安が極端に悪化。
- During this period, public order in Kyoto deteriorated because groups of people who advocated Sonno Joi ha gathered there from across the country and assassinated members of the opposition, insisting that it was a punishment from heaven.
- ロシアは極東進出のために不凍港が必要であり、南下政策を取り満州における権益拡大をはかっていた。
- Russia wanted to acquire an ice-free port to advance to the Far East, while trying to expand its interests in Manchuria by the policy of the southward expansion.
- 霊元院の自筆の書は、近臣の手を経て、柳沢家などの極限られた大名家に伝世し、家宝として崇められた。
- The ex-Emperor Reigen's calligraphy of his own writing was passed to a limited feudal lord family (such as the YANAGISAWA Family) through his personal attendants, and was honored as a family treasure.
- 皇位継承の儀式については、登極令(明治42年皇室令第1号)の廃止に伴い法律上の規定が存在しない。
- In terms of the ceremony for Imperial succession, there are no Lawful regulations, after the abolishment of the Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne. (No.1 of Imperial Family Regulation in Meiji 42)
- 昼は月極駐車場においてあり、夕方に「引き屋」と呼ばれる人が引いて決まった場所へ移動し、固定する。
- During the day time, these mobile street stall vendors sit within a parking lot, contracting on a monthly-fixed amount; they are moved in and out by a person called 'Hikiya' (the person who sets up the street stalls); out in the evening, and returned to the same stall location the next day.
- 足利尊氏に仕えた佐々木道誉(京極高氏)の活躍により室町時代は守護大名、四職の一つとして繁栄した。
- The great success of Doyo SASAKI (Takauji KYOGOKU) who served Takauji ASHIKAGA, brought prosperity during the Muromachi period as Shugo Daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) and one of Shishiki (Four major feudal lords who worked for Muromachi bakufu).
- 大原栄敦(ひであつ)の子大原重度(しげたび)(1725年~1793年)以降は中納言を極官とする。
- After Hideatsu OHARA's son, Shigetabi OHARA (1725 - 1793), the highest court position appointed was Chunagon (vice-councilor of state).
- だが、室町幕府の派遣した守護京極氏に敗れ、一族自体も小島家(宗家)と古河家・向小島家に分裂した。
- However, the family was defeated by the Kyogoku clan sent to look after Hida Province by the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and split into the Kojima family (the head of the family) and the Furukawa/Mukaikojima family.
- 天智天皇4年2月25日(665年3月16日)に薨去し、斉明天皇陵である皇極天皇陵墓に合葬された。
- Hashihito no Himemiko passed away in March 16, 665 and was buried in the burial mound of the Empress Kogyoku, that is the Empress Saimei's tomb.
- 鴈治郎自身は、周囲の期待のプレッシャーの中で偉大な父を意識するあまりに、極度の不振に陥っていた。
- Ganjiro himself was in extreme slump under the pressure of expectations from his surroundings and acute awareness for his great father.
- 打撃による怪我を防ぐため、原則相手の皮一枚で止める「寸止め」もしくは「極め」と呼ばれる試合形式。
- The match style called 'sundome,' or 'kime,' is one in which the contestants, as a general rule, should stop a punch before it hits the opponent's body deeper than his/her skin to prevent injury.
- 十王の審判に限らないが、浄土真宗では、信者はみな極楽浄土に往生するため、この種の追善供養はない。
- The believers of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) do not believe in the Juo's trials but believe that all the believers will go to Gokuraku Jodo (the Pure Land [of Amida Buddha]) after their deaths, so they do not have the memorial services mentioned above.
- こうした「南都六宗」と呼ばれた、三論宗、成実宗、法相宗、倶舎宗、律宗、華厳宗などが大勢を極めた。
- As a result, the Sanron, Jojitsu, Hosso, Kusha, Ritsu and Kegon sects, known as the 'Nanto Rokusho', became dominant.
- 茶室は利休・千宗旦のような極小茶室はもはや顧みられなくなり、むしろそれは改築・拡張されていった。
- People no longer paid attention to minuscule tearooms introduced by SEN no Rikyu and Sotan SEN and, if anything, tearooms became rebuilt and enlarged.
- しかし、現在では新鮮なものが入手しにくいなどの問題から、サメなどを原料とするのは極上品とされる。
- However, hanpen made from shark is considered the best quality since it is hard to obtain fresh shark nowadays.
- 右記に示すとおり、性格・能力・品性もしくはそうした性質そのものを指す極めて広い概念・用語である。
- As indicated above, it is a very broad term and concept, which denotes personality, ability, character, and so on.
- 太閤検地以降、大名の領土であっても、究極的土地所有権は天下人・将軍にあるとの観念の下に行われた。
- After the Taiko kenchi (Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's nationwide land survey), Tenpo were enforced based on the concept that the Shogun, who was also called Tenkabito (person becoming the ruler of the country), had ultimate ownership of even daimyo's territories.
- 一部の人権団体が「六曜のような迷信を信じる事は差別につながる」として、積極的な廃止を求めている。
- Some of human-rights group aggressively ask for the abolishment of rokuyo, saying 'to believe superstitions like rokuyo leads to discrimination.'
- 実技試験と面接試験については極めて専門的な技術や個人的な資質を問われるため、産地組合に委託される。
- The practical and interview examinations are commissioned to the union of each production area because highly specialized experience and personal qualities are tested in these examinations.
- 歌風は、本家である二条家および京極派(武家の京極氏とは別)に比べるならば、そう特徴的なものはない。
- The family's style of waka does not stand out next to that of the Nijo family, the main house, or the Kyogoku school (different from the Kyogoku family of bushi).
- 慈光寺澄中(1713年~1795年)が従二位・左馬寮に叙せられて以降、従二位・非参議が極官となる。
- After Suminaka JIKOJI (1713 - 1795) was appointed to Junii (Junior Second Rank) and Samaryo (Left Division of Bureau of Horses), the highest court positions appointed were Junii (Junior Second Rank) and Hisangi (advisor at large).
- 彼は朱子学にも誤りがあるとして理気論や太極論の修正を行い、陸九淵の学の成果を積極的に導入している。
- He claimed that there was fallacy in Neo-Confucianism, correcting the Li and Qi theory and Taiji theory, and actively adopted the achievements of Riku Kyuen's (Lu Jiuyuan) learning.
- 岩手県では具と生地を混ぜて極薄に焼き、大きな海苔を一枚乗せてしょうゆを塗るどんどん焼きが食される。
- In Iwate Prefecture, they mix the ingredients with the dough, grill it very thinly, put a large sheet of dried laver seaweed on it, coat it with soy sauce and eat it, which is called dondonyaki.
- また、長方形の僧房は、智光曼荼羅を安置する極楽堂と道場としての禅室とに二分されて今日に至っている。
- His rectangular sobo was divided in two 'Gokuraku-do' where Chiko Mandala was enshrined and 'zenshitsu' (Zen room) for dojo (place of Buddhist practice or Zen sitting meditation), and has been preserved until today.
- 本門に法華経の極意があるとするのが勝劣派、二十八品全体を一体のものとして扱うべきとするのが一致派。
- Shoretsu school considers that the secret of Hokke-kyo exists in Honmon, while Icchi school insists that the whole Nijuhachi-bon should be treated as a unit.
- ただし銃砲刀剣類所持等取締法や火薬類取締法などに基づく各種規制があるため、競技人口は極めて少ない。
- However, as there are various regulations based on the Firearm and Sword Control Law or the Explosives Control Law and so on, the population of players is very small.
- 塩川文麟が、明治になって積極的に西洋画の画法を取り入れた事によって、四条派の画風にも変化が起きる。
- Because Bunrin SHIOKAWA adopted the techniques of Western paintings willingly, the painting style of the Shijo school changed in the Meiji period.
- 究極的には、落語家と呼ばれる人が演じれば落語、講談師と呼ばれる人が演じれば講談ということになろう。
- Ultimately, it would be called rakugo when performed by rakugoka, and kodan when performed by kodanshi.
- 「抜忍成敗」はその極みとも言うべき物で、裏切りや脱走はいかなる事があっても認めないという物である。
- 'Nuninseibai' was the extreme of their spirit, which meant that any betrayal and escape was strictly prohibited.
- 当時の朝鮮王朝の中で小中華思想や門閥主義、閨閥主義を脱却していた役人は極めて少数派だったのである。
- In the Korean Dynasties at that time, government officials who cast off the Petit Sinocentrism, lineage, and Keibatsu blood connection were quite a minority.
- 栄耀栄華を極めた仲麻呂だが、光明皇太后が死去し、孝謙上皇が弓削道鏡を寵愛しはじめたことで暗転する。
- Once reaching the prosperity, the fate of Nakamaro turned for the worse after the death of Empress Dowager Komyo and the Retired Empress Koken began to make a favorite of YUGE no Dokyo.
- 反については謀だけで極刑となり実行してもしなくても刑に違いがないので、条文では謀反の規定で兼ねる。
- However, planning '反'(the character of 'hon') alone was already a capital offence, so the provisions regarding '反' were included in the provisions of '謀反'(muhon).
- 自らや親しいものがなくなった際に朱印を受けた判衣を死に装束として着用させると極楽へ行けるといわれる。
- When yourself or the one who is close to you die, it is said the person can go to the Buddhist paradise when he or she wears han-i with red seals as burial outfit.
- 9代・京極宮公仁親王の歿後、一旦空主となるが、光格天皇の皇子・桂宮盛仁親王が継承して桂宮に改称した。
- After the ninth Kyogokunomiya Imperial Prince Kinhito died, there was no one to succeed the family for a while, so, Emperor Kokaku's Prince, Katsuranomiya Imperial Prince Takehito succeeded and was renamed Katsuranomiya.
- 耳の上ぎりぎりから側頭部にかけてまで極端に広く月代(さかやき)を取り、鬢の毛を簾のように纏め上げる。
- The front part of the head is extremely broadly shaved from the very edge of the ears to the temporal regions, and sideburns are combed up like a bamboo blind.
- 高広と嫡子で家督を継いだ京極高国の間で争いが生じ、寛文6年(1666年)幕府により所領を没収される。
- A conflict occurred between Takahiro and his heir Takakuni KYOGOKU who inherited the family estate, and in 1666 the fiefs were confiscated by the bakufu.
- 高盛の孫である京極高寛は夭折し京極が末期養子として一万五千石を継ぎ、明治維新を迎え子爵に列せられた。
- Takamori's grandson Takahiro KYOGOKU died young and Kyogoku inherited 15,000 koku as matsugo yoshi (adopted as his son on his deathbed), and Takahiro experienced the Meiji Restoration to be raised to the same level as his peers.
- 自らは病の為執権職を退くが、嫡子北条時宗が幼少だった為、北条氏 (極楽寺流)の北条長時に執権を譲る。
- He himself retired from the post of regent because of illness, but as his heir (Tokimune HOJO) was still a child, he handed over the position to Nagatoki HOJO, who was a member of the Gokurakuji line of the Hojo clan.
- 更に、医療・社会福祉施設・児童施設への訪問や戦没者などへの慰霊碑などへの参拝も積極的に行われている。
- They are also dedicated to visiting medical, social welfare or juvenile facilities as well as war memorials.
- それに家の芸という意識の低い関西歌舞伎の風土は後継者作成に積極的でなく、鴈治郎一人勝ち状態が続いた。
- The Kansai Kabuki environment, in which awareness of family performance was low, was not active in fostering successors and the situation of Ganjiro sweeping the board continued.
- 一方、利休は「待庵」に代表される、極端に狭く、茶を立てて飲む、茶だけのために設計された茶室を作った。
- On the other hand, Rikyu designed an extremely small tea room only intended for making and drinking tea, as represented by 'Machi-an.'
- 前漢の時代頃から中国の王朝に積極的に朝貢し初め、先進文化国だった中国の文物を受け入れるようになった。
- Japan started paying tribute to the court of dynasties in China around from the era of the Former Han, and came to accept products of culture in China which was an advanced cultured country.
- 親指根部分に弦を掛ける段差(弦枕)があり、弦枕の形状は射の運行、矢の飛び方に関わる極めて重要な部分。
- The base part of the thumb has a bump (tsurumakura) and the form of tsurumakura is a very important part, since it affects shooting and the movement of a flying arrow.
- 「能の本を書く事、この道の命なり」(『風姿花伝』)と述べたように、世阿弥は作能を極めて重視している。
- As Zeami said 'Writing Noh book is the life of Noh.' in 'Fushikaden,' Zeami put great importance on writing Noh.
- 道教の宋 (南朝)の道士または、道教の神で南極星の化身の老子である寿老人の別名または同一神とされる。
- It is supposed to be a Taoist of Taoism in Song (Southern Dynasty), or another name or the same deity of Jurojin, which is Lao-tzu, a deity of Taoism and the incarnation of the southern polar stars.
- 殻の内面には紙を貼り、源氏などの絵をかき、金箔などで極彩色に仕上げ、左右一対の殻には同じ絵を描いた。
- A piece of paper was pasted on the inner surface of the shell, on which they drew a picture on the theme of Genji (The Tale of Genji) or the like, then finished it up with gold leaves and others to give it a brilliant coloring; the same picture was painted on each shell of the pair.
- 根来衆と雑賀衆は、一部には混同される記述も見受けられるが、全く異なる点と極めて似通っている点がある。
- Although in some descriptions Negoroshu and Saikashu are mistaken for each other, in fact they have both completely different points and very similar points.
- 周辺の藩のような藩札の積極的な発行は明治元年(1868年)~2年(1869年)まで待たねばならない。
- The domain could not issue han bills actively like other domains until 1868 or 1869.
- 大雨で氾濫する大和川の治水工事を官費では間に合わないので自分や幹部の年俸を拠出して積極的にすすめた。
- As the embankment works to prevent flooding of the Yamato-gawa River from heavy rain could not be met by the official budget, he vigorously pushed through the plan by paying for it out of his and his senior officer's yearly salary.
- この世はつらくいとわしいところですから、極楽浄土という結構なところにお連れ申すのです」と言い聞かせる。
- I will take you to a wonderful place called the Pure Land (of Amida Buddha)--Paradise--since this world is too harsh and painful.'
- これは妖怪研究家の京極夏彦や多田克己によれば、元の名が差別用語に受け取られる可能性があるためとされる。
- Natsuhiko KYOGOKU and Katsumi TADA, both of whom are ghost researchers, say this is because Katawa-guruma can be regarded as a discriminatory word.
- 平成21年(2009年)現在、70代半ばの高齢であるが、公務、宮中祭祀ともに極めて旺盛に活動している。
- Despite his age, being in his mid 70s as of 2009, he has quite energetically engaged in the public services and court rituals.
- シンプルだが極めて濃厚な豚骨ベースの醤油系スープが特徴で、ネギともやしが程よいアクセントとなっている。
- Characterized by its simple but very thick soy sauce type soup based on pork bone broth, with a healthy accent of green onion and bean sprout.
- 極真会館の分派以外には伝統派空手の分派や、少林寺拳法の分派である白蓮会館、国際FSA拳真館などがある。
- Organizations in this category include the offshoots of dentoha karate; Byakuren Kaikan, a offshoot of Shorinji Kenpo (a modern Japanese martial art based on Shaolin kung fu); and International F.S.A Kenshin-kan, in addition to the offshoots of the Kyokushin Kaikan.
- 即ち、西方極楽教主阿弥陀如来とは、真言教主大日如来という普門総徳の尊から派生した別徳の尊であるとした。
- He stipulated that Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata), the head of religious sect in the Western Paradise, was a deity of a separate virtue who derives from the deity of general virtues Dainichi Nyorai (Mahavairocana) who was the head of Shingon sect.
- 六畳から四畳半さらには二畳と、極小空間を使うことで、精神的に高められた茶の湯を行なうようになっていく。
- By using an extremely small room from six to four and half, and two jo, the tea ceremony, the spirituality of which was enhanced, came to be held.
- 加熱の温度は最も重要であり、細心の注意を払って最適の加熱状態を見極め、一気に刀身を水槽に沈め急冷する。
- The temperature is most important, and the optimal heat condition is checked with the greatest care, the body of blade is then plunged swiftly to a water tank and rapidly cooled.
- これに対し永観二年(984)には「禁破銭令」が出される事態となり、新銭発行が極めて困難な状況になった。
- In response, the government officially announced in 984 the Kin-hasen Rei (an act banning the melting of coins to use as raw materials), making it extremely difficult to issue new money.
- 刀術という名称もあるが、『本朝武藝小傳』など極少数の江戸時代の文献に使用されているが定着はしなかった。
- Although this art was also called Tojutsu (刀術), this name was used only in a few documents, such as 'Honcho Bugei Shoden' written in the Edo period, and didn't take root.
- 小袖の発生に関する研究は、極めて学術的で専門的な学問の研究対象であり、簡単に答えが出せるものではない。
- As the origin of Kosode is a quite academic and technical theme of study, it cannot be easily found out.
- 小筆の穂先は特に繊細なため、陸(墨を磨る部分)で穂先をまとめるために強くこすりつけることは極力避ける。
- Since the top of a small brush is especially delicate, it is better to avoid brushing it against the riku (a part of the ink slab used to grind an ink stick) in order to set the top as much as possible.
- 俗に一休の作とされるうた「極楽は何処の里と思ひしに杉葉立てたる又六が門」は、杉玉をうたったものである。
- The poem supposedly made by Ikkyu stated, 'Paradise is not far but within one's heart and can be discovered while drinking sake,' and sang of sugitama.
- しかし、形も重量もほぼ同じ銭貨を極端に異なる価値として位置づけたため、借金の返済時などの混乱が続いた。
- However, the confusion continued when people were repaying their debts since Wado-kaichin and Mannen-tsuho coins had a diffferent value even though they had almost the same shape and the same weight.
- 明治維新によって新時代を迎えると、それまでの鎖国を取りやめ、海外と積極的に関わる「開国」の時代に入る。
- After entering a new era with the Meiji Restoration, Japan ended its national isolation and began the era of opening the country to the world, in which Japan began relations with foreign countries positively.
- その証拠として経書の解釈においても積極的に仏教などの語彙を使用して説明しようとした点がよく指摘される。
- As evidence, it has been pointed out that Wang Longxi attempted to explain interpretations of the Classics by positively using Buddhist terms.
- 政治制度として天皇制を重視した大日本帝国憲法下の日本政府は大逆罪を重罪とし、死刑・極刑をもって臨んだ。
- The Japanese government, putting a great importance on the Emperor system to govern the nation under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, treated high treason as a felony and punished offenders capitally.
- 1891年からたびたび田中正造が国会で質問したにもかかわらず、政府は積極的には鉱毒対策を行わなかった。
- Although from 1891 Shozo TANAKA frequently raised the issue of the pollution at the Diet, the government did not actively take any anti mining pollution measures.
- 鎌倉幕府法では禁圧対象となっている「夜討ち」と呼ばれる行為だが、弘安の役では幕府側が積極的に活用した。
- It was called 'attack in the night' and prohibited under the laws of Kamakura bakufu, but in Koan no Eki, bakufu proactively used this method.
- 但し、ネタは南極観測船及び基地内の冷凍庫の仕様から、零下20度で冷凍保存することが出来るものに限られる。
- However, sushi toppings are limited to the ones which can be frozen and kept below zero because of the spec of freezers in the Antarctica station or vessels.
- 京極東宝(きょうごくとうほう)は、かつて京都府京都市中京区新京極四条に所在していた東宝系の映画館である。
- Kyogoku Toho is a Toho-affiliated movie theater that was located in Shinkyogoku Shijo, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 高詮の代に、京極氏は四職の一つとなり、以後の当主は江北、出雲、隠岐、飛騨を領し、侍所司を務める事となる。
- In the generation of Takaakira, the Kyogoku clan became one of the Shishiki, and thereafter the family head governed Gohoku, north of lake, Izumo, Oki, and Hida, and took the position of Samurai-dokoro no tsukasa.
- また、皇極・斉明天皇の宝皇女もその可能性が高いと平林章仁氏(大和高田市片塩中学校教諭)等は指摘している。
- Akihito HIRABAYSHI (a teacher of Katashio Junior High School in Yamatotakada City) and others point out that it is highly likely that the Empress Kogyoku or the Saimei was called Takara no Himemiko for the same reason.
- 鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代 (日本)の庭田重資(1306年 - 1389年)以降、権大納言を極官とする。
- From the time of Shigesuke NIWATA (1306 - 1389) onwards, between late Kamakura period and the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the top rank attained by the family was the Junior Chief Councillor of State.
- それに並行して朝日焼も隆盛を極め、宇治茶の志向に合わせて、高級な茶器を中心に焼かれるようになっていった。
- In parallel with this, Asahi yaki reached a new height of prosperity by producing high class utensils for tea ceremony according with the trend of Uji cha.
- 極端なものでは日本で96本足のあるタコが捕獲されたことがあり、志摩マリンランドに標本として展示してある。
- As an extreme example, an octopus with 96 legs has been captured in Japan and it is currently being displayed as a specimen in Shima Marine Land aquarium.
- またカロリーが極めて低く食物繊維が豊富という理由もあって、ダイエット食品(健康食品)としても人気がある。
- In addition, konnyaku is extremely low in calorie and rich in dietary fiber, so that konnyaku is popular as a diet food (a health food).
- 室町時代、京都の造り酒屋は隆盛を極め、応永32年(1425年)には洛中洛外の酒屋の数は342軒を数えた。
- In the Muromachi period, sake breweries in Kyoto reached new heights of prosperity and the number of sake breweries in and around the capital Kyoto was over 342 in 1425.
- この小さく奇妙な形の菓子は、様々な色に着色可能であることから、その大きさに関わらず極めて目を引きやすい。
- Since this little strange looking candy can be colored in a wide range of colors, it is quite conspicuous regardless of its size.
- 「北極星のオムライス」は、ケチャップライスを卵で包んだものであり、現在の主流のオムライスのルーツである。
- The rice omelet at Hokkyokusei is ketchup-flavored fried rice wrapped withfried eggs being the root of mainstream rice omelets offered today.
- 1月1日、朝賀の後に天皇が大極殿、豊楽院(後に紫宸殿)、豊明殿などに出御し、臣や公家の皆々に宴をさせる。
- On January 1, after the Choga (ceremony in which the emperor receives greetings of the New Year from officials), the emperor comes to the Daigokuden (the Council Hall in the Imperial Palace), the Buraku-in (Reception Compound, later the Shishinden, the Throne Hall), and Homeiden State Banquet Hall and so on, and lets his retainers and court nobles hold the banquet.
- またそれ以降の当主についても早世したもの以外は全員が大納言となる(それまでの園家は中納言が極官だった)。
- All family heads other than those that passed away young were appointed to Dainagon (Before that, kyokkan for the Sono family was Chunagon).
- 例えば加賀藩では銀細工師集団である金沢市銀座があり江戸時代の初期にかけて領国貨幣である極印銀を鋳造した。
- In Kaga domain, for example, the Kanazawa city ginza had a group of silversmiths, who minted silver coins hallmarked as domain currency in the early Edo Period.
- ロシアは遼東半島を日本に奪われることで南満州の海への出口を失うことを恐れ、日本の極東進出阻止を目論んだ。
- Russia wanted to prevent Japan from advancing to the Far East, as it might lose its ports in southern Manchuria if Japan ruled over the Liaodong Peninsula.
- 一方、摂関家側は頼通・教通兄弟が対立関係にあったために天皇への積極的な対抗策を打ち出すことが出来なかった。
- On the other hand, the Sekkan-ke did not come up with a constructive plan to counter the Emperor, mainly since there was an adversarial relationship between Yorimichi and Norimichi.
- 細さでは三輪そうめん山本の白髪・白龍、あるいは池利の蒼流の糸など、細さを極限まで追求したこだわり麺もある。
- In terms of the thinness of the noodle, there are finest products called Shirahige and Hakuryu by Miwa-Somen Yamamoto CO., Ltd. or Soryu no Ito by IKERI CO., LTD. to seek the ultimate thinness.
- この時期には武智歌舞伎にも参加し、ここで積極的に実験的な手法に触れ、古典の品格や解釈を学んだことは大きい。
- During this time, he also participated in Takechi Kabuki, and it is crucial that he came in touch with and actively experienced its experimental techniques and learned of the dignity and interpretations of the classics.
- 唐橋在豊(1391年 - 1464年)以降、唐橋家は中務省・大学寮・大学寮等を経て、権大納言を極官とした。
- From the time of Aritoyo KARAHASHI (1391 - 1464) onwards, the Karahashi family provided an official of Department of the Imperial Palace, a Professor of Literature, and a Director of the Bureau of Education, with the top rank attained being Junior Chief Councillor of State.
- 王子女に京極宮公仁親王の他、知恩院宮尊峰入道親王、一乗院宮尊映入道親王、豊子女王(有馬頼僮室)などがいる。
- His Princes and Proncesses are Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Kinhito, priestly Imperial Prince Chioninnomiya Sonpo, priestly Imperial Prince Ichijoinnomiya Sonei, Princess Toyoko (Yoriyuki ARIMA's Empress).
- 王子女に京極宮家仁親王の他、仁和寺宮守恕入道親王、常子女王(専修寺円猷室)、大舟尊梁(光照院門跡)がいる。
- Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Yakahito, priestly Imperial Prince Ninnajinomiya Shujo, Princess Tsuneko (Senju-ji Enyu wife) and Sonryo OFUNA (大舟尊梁) (head priest of Kosho-in Temple) were his children.
- 白雉4年(653年)に葛城皇子は天皇の意に反し、皇極や間人皇女の他、多くの官僚を率いて飛鳥に戻ってしまう。
- In 653 ignoring the Emperor Kotoku's opposition, Katsuragi no Miko moved back to Asuka taking Kogyoku, Hashihito no Himemiko and many government officials with him.
- また大量の流失品には、歌麿をはじめとする比較的簡潔な構図が多く、複雑な構図に極彩色の浮世絵は意外に少ない。
- Among the many Ukiyoe that have been scattered, works of comparatively simple patterns, including Utamaro, were large in number while Ukiyoe of richly colored (gaudy) complex patterns were unexpectedly small in number.
- 日本往生極楽記(にほんおうじょうごくらくき)とは、平安時代中期慶滋保胤(?~1002年)が編纂した往生伝。
- 'Nihon Ojo Gokuraku-ki' (Japanese-version collection of memoirs of persons who became Buddha) refers to ojoden (stories of the attainment of rebirth in the Pure Land) compiled by YOSHISHIGE no Yasutane (year of birth unknown - 1002) in the middle Heian period.
- 本来は良い概念ではなかったが、禅宗の影響などもあってこれが積極的に評価され美意識の中にとりこまれていった。
- Originally it was not a good concept, however, by an influence of the Zen sect and so on, it was regarded favorably and taken as a sense of beauty.
- 前述もした通り、一家に対して一紋しかない家は極めて稀で、むしろいくつもの家紋も持っているのが普通であった。
- As mentioned above, few clans had only one Kamon and usually one clan had various Kamon.
- 義太夫節の特徴は「歌う」要素を極端に排して、「語り」における叙事性と重厚さを極限まで追求したところにある。
- The characteristics of Gidayu-bushi were that it dramatically limited the element of 'singing' and instead pursued the element of description and profundity in 'narration' to its utmost limit.
- 王政復古 (日本)により成立した明治新政府は富国強兵をスローガンに、積極的に自ら産業を興こす政策を取った。
- The new Meiji government, established by the Restoration of Imperial Rule in Japan, adopted a policy to promote industries actively, under the slogan of 'Fukoku-kyohei' (enriching the country and strengthening the military).
- 1895年(明治28年)には平安神宮が建立され、内部に大極殿、応天門など大内裏朝堂院の施設が縮尺復元された。
- In 1895 the Heian-Jingu Shrine was built, restoration was done on the facilities like; Daigoku-den building, Oten-mon Gate and Daidairi Chodoin (a large main hall of Daidairi) in small scale than original ones inside the Palace.
- そこで当時院政を行っていた後小松は崇光の孫である伏見宮貞成親王に対して万が一の際の皇位継承を極秘に要請した。
- Thus Emperor Gokomatsu, who was ruling the Cloistered government at the time, secretly ordered Fushiminomiya Imperial Prince Sadafusa, who was the grandchild of Emperor Suko, to succeed to the throne in the event of an emergency.
- 以後、常盤井宮、京極宮、桂宮と改称し、明治14年(1881年)の第12代当主桂宮淑子内親王薨去まで存続した。
- After that, the names were changed to Tokiwainomiya, Kyogokunomiya, and Katsuranomiya, they continued to exist until the twelfth head of the family, Katsuranomiya Imperial Princess Sumiko died in 1881.
- 浄玻璃鏡(じょうはりのかがみ)は、(日本の)地獄 (仏教)の閻魔が亡者の善悪を見極めるのに用いる水晶製の鏡。
- 'Johari no Kagami' is a crystal mirror which is said in Japanese Buddhism to be used by Enma (the King of Hell) for inquiring into if the dead were right-minded or not before its death.
- 2008年12月11日:京極東宝跡地にホテルビジネスホテル「スーパーホテル京都・四条河原町」がオープンした。
- December 11, 2008: 'Super Hotel Kyoto Shijokawaramachi,' a business hotel, opened on the Kyogoku Toho site.
- この点については、各化粧品メーカーも承知してるようで、自然の肌色、肌の質感に極力近づけるように研究中らしい。
- Every cosmetics manufacturer understands this issue, and are continually researching how to get as close as possible to the natural color and feel of skin.
- 緑茶のように茶葉収穫後に加熱処理を加え、茶葉自身に含まれる酵素による酸化発酵を極力抑えた物を不発酵茶と言う。
- Like green tea, the following kinds of tea are called unfermented tea: freshly-picked tea leaves heat treated in order to minimize oxidizing fermentation, which is caused by enzymes contained in fresh tea leaves.
- しかし、近年では国際FSA拳真館や極真館など一部の試合で手技による顔面への直接打撃を認める流派も増えている。
- Recently, however, there has been an increase in the number of organizations that allow a direct attack to the face with the hands (a punch to the face) in portions of their matches, such as International F.S.A Kenshin-kan and the Kyokushin-kan.
- 天竺・震旦よりは本朝に重心を置き、発心譚・遁世譚・極楽往生譚・仏教霊験談・高僧伝など、仏教関係の説話を集録。
- It emphasizes Honcho (Japan) more than Tenjiku (India) and than Shintan (China), and contains anecdotes related to Busshism including hosshin-tan (tale of religious awakening), tonsei-tan (tale of seclusion from the world), gokurakuojo-tan (tale of salvation), bukkyoreigen-dan (tale of Buddhist miracle) and koso-den (tale of high-priest).
- この十如是は、後に天台宗の教学の究極とまでいわれる「一念三千」を形成する発端とされており、重要な教理である。
- The junyoze is an important doctrine, believed to give origin to form 'ichinen sanzen (the three thousand realms contained in one mind)' which is later called the fundamental Tendai doctrine.
- 合戦に限らず、人間と人間が生命を賭けて闘うというのは極めて異常な事態であり、特別な覚悟が求められるのである。
- It is quite an abnormal situation when people fight risking their lives, not just in battle, and they need to have a special determination.
- 乱取り稽古を行わない会派では、養神館合気道や岩間神信合氣修練会が積極的に護身術としての合気道を指導している。
- Among factions that don't practice randori, Yoshinkan aikido and Iwama-shinshin-aikishurenkai (Iwama school) actively teach aikido as an art of self-defense.
- その後も、改易された大名(家取り潰し)が切腹させられた例は浅野長矩など極めて例外的であることは注目に値する。
- Subsequent extremely rare examples, such as those of daimyo including Naganori ASANO, who committed seppuku after having their domains confiscated are particularly worthy of attention.
- 低音絃は極太(十七絃用より太い)を使用し、打楽器として手で力いっぱい叩いても十分耐えられるようにされている。
- The extra-thick strings (thicker than the strings for Jushichigen So) are used for tenor note strings and made strong enough for beating at full strength with a hand as percussive.
- だが、東国の将門が滅亡したことにより、兵力の西国への集中が可能となったため、朝廷は純友討伐に積極的になった。
- However, the fall of Masakado in Togoku made it possible for the Imperial Court to concentrate its military power in Saigoku where it became active in containing Sumitomo.
- 新井は荻原を「有史以来の奸物」「極悪人」と断罪し、荻原を罷免すべきという上申書を提出すること三度におよんだ。
- Arai determined Ogiwara was 'the slyest person in history' and 'a devil' and submitted reports three times insisting on the dismissal of Ogiwara to his superior.
- 奈良県橿原市高殿町に藤原宮の大極殿(だいごくでん)の土壇が残っており、周辺は史跡公園になっている(位置:)。
- Dodan (dirt mound) of Daigokuden in Fujiwara Palace still remains in Takadono-cho, Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture, and the area is currently a historical park (location:).
- また戦争の発生がロシアや清朝の介入を許すきっかけになるかもしれず、その点からも極力戦争は避ける考えであった。
- Also the outbreak of war could have triggered the intervention of Russia and the Qing Dynasty, and because of this, Japan thought it best to avoid war as much as possible.
- 室町時代の高辻継長(1414年-1475年)以降は文章博士・大学寮・式部省を経て大納言を極官とするようになる。
- After Tsunenaga TAKATSUJI (1414 - 1475) during the Muromachi period, the highest appointed court position was Dainagon (chief councilor of state), after serving as monjo hakase (professor of literature) and in Daigakuryo and Shikibusho.
- メインの「とんこつラーメン」は大量の豚骨を高温で煮込んだ極めて濃厚なスープで、こってり系の発展系と考えられる。
- Features a 'pork bone broth ramen' which uses a very thick soup made out of boiling a huge amount of pork bones at high temperature, and is considered to be an evolved form of thick type of soup.
- 千利休はわび茶をさらに発展させ、国産の道具を用いるだけでなく自身で器具を積極的にデザインし、職人につくらせた。
- SEN no Rikyu endeavored to develop wabicha further, and had professionals produce utensils based upon the designs he drew to use for his tea ceremonies in addition to his ordinary Japanese utensils.
- 剣客を生んだ地域を見ると、剣術道場の多かった関東地方(関八州)や、倒幕運動に積極的な薩摩国・土佐国が知られる。
- Kanto region (Kan hasshu) where a lot of Kenjutsu dojo (hall used for swordplay training) were located and Satsuma/Tosa province which actively participated in the movement to overthrow the shogunate are known as the places from which many expert swordsmen hailed.
- このように、身体に極度の緊張を強いることで、内面から湧き上がる迫力や気合を表出させようとする特色も持っている。
- As stated above, Shimai has another characteristic of eliciting forces and tension from inside out, producing a large impact on the audience.
- 弦枕の形状、位置、角度、段差の高低が極めて重要で、形が悪いとまともに弓が引けない、矢が飛ばない等の弊害が出る。
- The form, position, angle and the bump's height in tsurumakura are very important, and if the form is not good, the problems happen, for example, a bow cannot be drawn properly or an arrow cannot fly and so on.
- 信長軍は九鬼嘉隆の鉄甲船を中心として立ち向かったが、毛利水軍はまたも火矢や焙烙玉で積極果敢に攻撃を繰り返した。
- The Oda army led by the Yoshitaka's armored warships counterattacked it while the Mori navy repeated aggressive attacks with flaming arrows and horokudama bombs.
- 日本の文人については中国との社会制度の違いから、その定義が極めて難しく、厳密に言えばその存在を否定しかねない。
- It is very difficult to define Bunjin in Japan because of the difference in social system between China and Japan, and strictly speaking, its existence might be denied in Japan.
- 明治の日本では、極めて過酷な労働環境への反発から労働組合期成会が結成されるなど、社会運動が高まりを見せていた。
- In the Meiji period of Japan, social movements became active including the formation of Rodo Kumiai Kiseikai (association for establishment of labor unions) as a backlash against extremely harsh labor environments.
- ほとんどの士人は高い志をもち学問に励んでいるが、その中で経世済民に相応しい官位に就ける士人は至極わずかである。
- Most of Shijin had high motivation and studied hard, but only a few among them were able to take an appropriate official position to govern a nation and provide relief to people.
- 東西1.1km、南北3.2キロとみられていたが、1990年代の東西の京極大路の発見で「大藤原京」が想定された。
- It was believed that Fujiwara-kyo was 1.1 km from east to west and 3.2 km from north to south, however, the Dai Fujiwara-kyo (Greater Fujiwara-kyo) was revealed by the discovery of Kyogoku-oji Street from east to west in the 1990's.
- 彼らは赤松氏がこれほどの一大事を引き起こした以上は必ず同心する大名がいるに違いないと考え、形勢を見極めていた。
- They thought that the Akamatsu clan set off such a big thing because some daimyos must had helped them and carefully observed subsequent developments.
- きゃつは不忠極まる輩で、内通しているとあらぬ噂が飛びかい、且元失脚を狙うきな臭い動きが大阪城内に立ち込めている。
- A groundless rumor was circulated that he was an unfaithful guy in secrete communication with Tokugawa, and there were signs of attempts at overthrowing Katsumoto in the Osaka-jo castle.
- 後白河法皇が大原寂光院の徳子を訪ねる灌頂の巻は古典文学『平家物語』の終巻で、徳子の極楽往生をもって作品は終わる。
- There is the story of Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa visiting Tokuko in Ohara Jakkoin Temple in Kanjo no Maki (volume) in the last series of the classic literature, 'The Tale of the Heike,' the story ends after Tokuko dies peacefully.
- 投げて背中が着いても、引っ張って掌が着いても、極端な場合には相手の髪の毛が着いてもその時点で相手の負けが決まる。
- The opponent loses if he is thrown down and his back touches the ground, he is pulled and his fist touches the ground, or even his hair touches the ground in an extreme case.
- しかし、幕府からの生活費献上の約束は守られることが無く、京に戻った後の聖承の暮らしは困窮の極みだったようである。
- On the contrary, the shogunate never kept its promise to present Seisho with living expenses; therefore, Seisho was forced to be extremely badly off after he returned to Kyoto.
- 同じ射距離で同じ弓・矢・カケを用いているにも関わらず、極論全く正反対の技術であっても現在のところは通用している。
- As an extreme example, it's considered acceptable for now, when the same bow, arrow and Kyudo gloves are used at the same shooting range, but the techniques are completely opposite.
- これは単なる外国崇拝だけではなく、当時の極端に低い日本の国際的地位を上げるための苦渋の決断という側面も強かった。
- It was not only worship of foreign countries but also an agonizing decision to raise Japan's international status, which was extremely low at that time.
- 第一次世界大戦における日露の関係強化と第三国の中国支配阻止、極東における両国の特殊権益の擁護を相互に再確認した。
- They reassured each other that they should enforce the relationship between Japan and Russia at the First World War, stop the third party from controlling China, and protect the both countries' special interests in the Far East.
- この一件以後、島津氏は藩政改革を一気に推し進め、また幕府の行う事業や島原の乱への出兵など積極的にこなしていった。
- After that incident, the Shimazu clan rapidly promoted the reformation and worked actively for the bakufu as in performing bakufu enterprises, sending troops in Shimabara War and so on.
- その後、明に服属する時期もあったが、黎朝が再度、中国王朝から独立した15世紀には、律令格式が積極的に編纂された。
- After the Trần Dynasty, there were times when Vietnam was ruled by Chinese dynasties, but the Lê Dynasty achieved independence from China in the 15th century and actively compiled and edited its own Luli Geshi.
- シベリア鉄道の極東地区起工式典に出席するため、ニコライは艦隊を率いてウラジオストクに向かう途中、日本を訪問した。
- To attend the groundbreaking ceremony of the Trans-Siberian Railroad for Far Eastern countries, Nicholas and his Russian fleet made a visit to Japan on the way to Vladivostok.
- 帝が管弦を奏させて西王母の来臨を待っていると極楽の鳥である孔雀と鳳凰と迦陵頻伽が飛び交う中から西王母が降りて来る。
- The emperor has orchestral music played while waiting for Seiobo to come down to visit him; Seiobo comes down amidst a flock of birds of the Buddhist paradise – peacocks, phoenixes and Karyobinnga (birds having a face of a beautiful woman and a sweet voice) – flying about.
- 八条宮家は常磐井宮、京極宮、桂宮と名前を変えた後、1881年に断絶し、桂離宮は1883年から宮内省の管轄になった。
- The Hachijo no Miya family changed their name from Tokiwai no Miya, Kyogoku no Miya, Katsura no Miya, and the family was discontinued in 1881, after that it came under the supervision of the Department of the Imperial Household from 1883.
- そこで宇多天皇から「嵯峨御流」の普及を懇願され、積極的に普及に取り組み、「嵯峨御流」は全国的に知られる事となった。
- Being ardently asked by Emperor Uda, he devoted himself to disseminate 'Saga Goryu' school of flower arrangement, so that 'Saga Goryu' became well-known all over the country.
- 特に従軍記者による戦地レポートや、速記による裁判の傍聴記録などにおいて、積極的に言文一致の新文体が試みられていた。
- Particularly in battlefield reports by embedded journalists and reports of trials written in shorthand, genbunicchi styles were actively attempted.
- 直線で父系を結び、女性は后妃など極めて一握りの人を除き「女子」と省略される(紫式部など有名な女性も例外ではない)。
- In the book, the paternal line is represented as a straight line, and women, except for empresses and a handful of others, are nameless, being described merely as 'women' (even famous women such as Shikibu MURASAKI remain nameless).
- 現在までに重祚した天皇は二人で、皇極天皇が斉明天皇として、孝謙天皇が孝謙天皇称徳天皇として、それぞれ重祚している。
- Two emperors performed choso in the past; Emperor Kogyoku ascended the throne a second time as Emperor Saimei and Emperor Koken ascended the throne a second time as Emperor Shotoku.
- 日本書紀持統天皇2年11月条に書かれている「古くは『日嗣』と呼ばれた」との注釈が付けられている「皇祖等之登極次第」
- Tokyoku Shidai of the Founders of the Imperial Family' noted as 'referred to as 'Hitsugi' in old days' in the article of November, 688 in Nihonshoki
- 伝承の薄れや途切れというより積極的に、基王の死と孝謙天皇即位、道祖王立太子をもって、不改常典の廃棄とする者もいる。
- Some scholars argue that the degradation or interruption of Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten in the course of its transcendence is unthinkable and it is rather probable that the code had been deliberately carried to cassation with a series of such events as Prince Motoi's death, Emperor Koken's enthronement, and Funado no Okimi's investiture as Crown Prince.
- しかし、外国要人などの接待にはもっぱらフランス料理が使われており、極限られた儀式でしか食べられない物のようである。
- However, French cuisine is always adopted in order to entertain foreign VIPs, so yusoku cuisine is only eaten for special ceremonies.
- また、焼け残った弓道場も弓道以外の目的(倉庫・宿舎等)で使用されるなどして、弓道や武道を行う環境は極度に悪化した。
- The Kyudo dojo that survived the fires were used for purposes other than Kyudo (warehouses, lodges, etc.), and the environment for pursuing Kyudo and martial arts became very much worse.
- 但し例外として、各大名諸藩で極秘裏に様々な銃器が研究されていたことも事実であり、そのバリエーションは多岐にわたる。
- Exceptionally, however, it was a fact that various firearms were secretly studied in each daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) and each clan and the variations were many.
- この前後から東京を中心に活動し、市川團十郎 (9代目)の芸系を受継ぐ市川中車 (7代目)などについて積極的に学ぶ。
- At around that time, he acted mainly in Tokyo and started studying under Chusha ICHIKAWA VII, who had inherited the acting style of Danjuro ICHIKAWA IX, etc.
- ユガケの縫い目は一般的な縫製品に比べ非常に細かく、特に名人とされる弽師(ゆがけし・かけし)の手縫いは精緻を極める。
- The stitching of yugake is very fine compared with general sewn products and especially the hand-stitching of yugakeshi or kakeshi (maker of yugake), who are masters, are extremely elaborate.
- 三都(さんと)とは、江戸時代に江戸幕府直轄都市であった都市のうち、その規模が極めて大きかった京・大坂・江戸を指す。
- Santo is a corrective term referring to the three largest cities, namely, Kyo, Osaka and Edo, out of those controlled under the direct administration of the shogunate during the Edo period.
- これらは、恭仁宮大極殿造営に際して新調された瓦をモチーフとした単弁十七葉蓮華文の軒丸瓦と均整唐草文の軒平瓦である。
- The round-shaped roof tiles have the motif of Tanbenjunanayorengemon (lotus flower) and the flat roof tiles have the motif of Kinseikarakusamon (arabesque), and both of the motifs were created when Kuninomiya Palace was built.
- 銀座は極印打および包封を行う常是役所(じょうぜやくしょ)、および座人が会同する銀座役所(ぎんざやくしょ)よりなる。
- The ginza consisted of the jouze-yakusho, the office in charge of printing hallmarks of authenticity and wrapping minted coins, and ginza-yakusho where the officers of the ginza assembled.
- しかしユーザーにして見れば「何だか判らない不都合(競合)」であり、問題の判別は勿論、異常個所の修正は困難を極める。
- However, this is an 'incomprehensible inconvenience (competing)' from users' point of view and the adjustment of the problematic parts is extremely difficult, not to mention understanding the cause of the problem.
- 後述のように、政府が皇族を無制限に増加させることには一貫して消極的であったことからも、この結果は当然のことであった。
- It was a natural consequence as was mentioned later, since the government was not keen on letting the scale of expenses for the Imperial family increase unlimitedly.
- しかし、遺骨などの調査から当時の皇族女性独特の体躯であったことが判明、替え玉説は後世の流布である可能性が極めて高い。
- However it was discovered that Kazunomiya had a body build typical of Imperial female members in those days, due to the investigation of the bones, thus there is a strong possibility it was just a rumor that someone was acting as her double.
- 青少年に行われる髷なので前髪は残して、月代は剃らないか極狭く、後頭部の髪を取って平打紐などで巻き立てて毛先を散らす。
- As it was a mage for young men, it was done up, while leaving bangs as they were, through the process of either making a very narrow sakayaki (shaved part of the forehead) or not making it, tying the hair of the back of the head utilizing a flat braid and loosening the tip of hair.
- 顧客である公家や商家と隣接し発達した京漆器は薄く繊細で気品高いデザインをもち、他産地の漆器に比して極端に高価である。
- Having developed side-by-side with court nobles and mercantile houses who are its customers, Kyo-shikki is extremely expensive compared with lacquerware produced in the other areas, with a design which is thin, delicate and elegant.
- ヨーロッパでは、極東において成り上がりの日本を手先にして火中の栗(中国)を拾わせようとするものとする風刺も見られた。
- In Europe, there was a caricature depicting England using Japan, an upstart of the Far East as its pawn to pick up a hot chestnut in fire (meaning China).
- また、この天皇主権は究極のところ天皇の祖先である「皇祖皇宗」に主権があることを意味する「神勅主権」説とも捉えられた。
- In addition, the imperial sovereignty theory was also regarded as 'oracle sovereignty' theory which means that sovereign power resides with 'the Founders of the Imperial Family,' ancestor of the emperor ultimately.
- 皇室典範・登極令制定後初の即位の礼となる大正の即位の礼は1915年(大正4年)11月10日に京都・紫宸殿で行われた。
- The Sokui no rei of Taisho, which was the first Sokui no rei after the establishment of the Imperial House Act and Tokyoku-rei, was held at the Shishin-den in Kyoto on November 10, 1915 (Taisho 4).
- 髪形は垂髪、または、稚児髷で、元服後の平安貴族女性と同様の化粧をし(お歯黒も付けていたらしい)、極彩色の水干を着る。
- They had long flowing hair or did their hair in chigo mage (coiffure, distinguished by two loops of hair standing on the crown of the head), putting on makeup just like court ladies in the Heian period who had already celebrated their coming of age (even applying tooth black to their teeth), and wearing suikan (the dress for upper class children) in full color.
- 一遍は時衆を率いて遊行(ゆぎょう)を続け、民衆(下人や非人も含む)を賦算(ふさん)と踊り念仏とで極楽浄土へと導いた。
- Ippen continued his pilgrimage at the head of Jishu priests, leading people (including genin [low ranked people] and hinin [lowest rank people]) to gokuraku jodo (the Pure Land of Amida Buddha) by fusan (distributing invocation charms) and Odori Nenbutsu.
- 浄土宗では信心の表われとして念仏を唱える努力を重視し、念仏を唱えれば唱えるほど極楽浄土への往生も可能になると説いた。
- The Jodo sect emphasized the effort to recite nenbutsu as an indication of faith and taught that reciting more nenbutsu made Ojo (birth in the Pure Land) more possible.
- (以上は刃文の態様を言い表す表現)等、極力具象的な表記がなされ、鑑賞者の主観的な思い入れが混入する事を排除している。
- (these expressions above describe the appearance of Hamon), with a concrete description, and eliminates the incorporation of the subjective feeling of an observer.
- またマルチメディア関連の活動にも積極的で、文化庁のCD-ROM、経済産業省のDVD-ROMコンテンツ制作に携わった。
- He was also active in multimedia related work, and was involved in producing the contents of CD-ROMs for the Agency for Cultural Affairs and DVDs for the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
- 宋 (南朝)の道士天南星の化身や、南極星の化身(南極老人)とされ、七福神の寿老人と同体、異名の神とされることもある。
- Fukurokuju is said to be the personification of a Taoist monk Tennansho in the Sung Dynasty (Southern Court) (a mythical Chinese Taoist hermit renowned for performing miracles) or an avatar of the southern polar star (Canopus), and is sometimes believed to be the same god as Jurojin (the god of longevity) with a different name.
- ウスターソース等をかけて食べる洋食料理であり、精肉店で持ち帰り用惣菜として販売されている極めて庶民的な惣菜でもある。
- Korokke is a Western style cuisine to be eaten with Worchestershire sauce etc. for seasoning, and it is also available for takeout at butchers, and it is a really inexpensive, popular dish.
- そして、皇極天皇4年(645年)6月12日 (旧暦)、板蓋宮にて中大兄皇子や中臣鎌足らが実行犯となり蘇我入鹿を暗殺。
- Then, on July 13, 645, Naka no Oe no Oji, NAKATOMI no Kamatari, etc. assassinated SOGA no Iruka themselves.
- 舒明天皇の没後、妻の皇極天皇、子の天智によって継承され、639年(舒明11)に完成された天皇家最初の仏教寺院である。
- This was the Imperial Family's first Buddhist temple, completed in 639 by Emperor Jomei and, after his death, succeeded by his consort, Empress Kogyoku, and his son, Emperor Tenchi.
- 正嘉2年(1258年)8月、惨烈を極めた正嘉の飢饉の最中、10歳で立太子、翌正元元年兄の後深草天皇の譲りを受けて践祚。
- During the most horrible Shoka Famine, he became Crown Prince when he was just ten years old in August 1258, then he succeeded to the throne in the following year after his brother, Emperor Gofukakusa passed the throne to him.
- しかし、姉妹の京極竜子が秀吉の側室となった事から許され、天正12年(1584年)に近江高島郡の二千五百石を与えられる。
- However, Takatsugu was condoned becase Takatsugu's sister Tatsuko KYOGOKU became the concubine of Hideyoshi, and was given 2,500 koku in Omi Takashima county.
- 官位は五条高長の子供五条長経(1242年-1315年)以降、大学寮・文章博士・式部省を経て中納言・大納言を極官とする。
- As for official court rank after Takanaga GOJO's son, Nagatsune GOJO (1242 - 1315), the highest court appointments given were Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) and Dainagon (chief councilor of state), after being appointed through Daigakuryo (Bureau of Education under the ritsuryo system), Monjo hakase (professor of literature) and Shikibusho (Ministry of Ceremonies).
- 近世の掛帯式の裳は本体がとても短いのに比して引腰は極端に長く、一箇所をたるませて仮止めし、輪を作るという慣習があった。
- While the kakeobi type mo of modern times is very short in the main body, hikigoshi was extremely long and there was a custom that one point was loosened and temporally fixed to make a loop.
- 近世邦楽では特に、演奏家の直接的な操作でしか表現できない微妙な音色、音程、余韻の変化などを積極的に利用、追求して来た。
- Particularly, for early modern Japanese music delicate changes in tones, musical intervals and pauses, which could be expressed only through direct manipulation by the players, were positively utilized and pursued.
- 狭義では、極真会館とその分派の多くに代表される「手技による顔面攻撃以外」の直接打撃制ルールを採用する流派のことをさす。
- In a more limited sense, full-contact karate refers to organizations that adopt the rules by which 'all direct-attack techniques other than a punch to a face are allowed,' as represented by Kyokushin Kaikan and its offshoots.
- しかし『古事記』と『日本書紀』に服の図は書かれていないし、現存する当時の資料が極めて少ないため、わからないことが多い。
- But as neither 'Kojiki' nor 'Nihonshoki' provide designs of clothes, and few source materials about the periods remain, clothes during the Kofun period are mostly unknown.
- しかしながら、この時代の清酒は量的にも些少であり、有力貴族など極めて限られた階層にしかゆきわたらなかったと考えられる。
- However, the amount of production of seishu was small in this period and it is thought that it was spread among only limited social classes such as dominant nobility.
- 物部氏の没落によって欽明天皇以来の崇仏廃仏論争に決着が付き、法興寺(飛鳥寺)や四天王寺などの、造寺事業を積極的に行った。
- The fall of the Mononobe clan settled the controversy which had started in Emperor Kinmei's time over whether to worship or to abandon Buddhism, and Emperor Sushun actively undertook the construction of temples, including Hoko-ji Temple (Asuka-dera Temple) and Shitenno-ji Temple.
- 定恵(じょうえ、皇極天皇2年(643年)- 天智天皇4年12月23日 (旧暦)(666年2月2日))は、飛鳥時代の学僧。
- Joe (writes; 定恵) (643 - Feb. 2, 666) was a scholar monk in the Asuka period.
- しかし、この規制を逆手に取り「芥子雛」と呼ばれる精巧を極めた小さな雛人形(わずか数センチの大きさ)が流行することになる。
- By taking advantage of the situation, small state-of-the-art Hina-matsuri dolls (only several centimeters in size), called 'keshi-bina' (tiny dolls), became popular.
- 全体的に見れば、大阪と同じくうどんの方が好まれる傾向にあるが、大阪のようにそば屋がうどんを提供する場合は極めて稀である。
- As with Osaka, udon tends to be more popular in Kyoto on the whole but, unlike Osaka, virtually no soba restaurant serves udon in Kyoto.
- そのためか一般受けせず、新古今組は吉沢の直系以外ではほとんど演奏されないが、このスタイルを踏襲した京極流箏曲も存在した。
- For this or another reason, Shinkokin-gumi is seldom played by musicians out of the direct line of Yoshizawa, but there was Kyogoku school of koto music that followed this style.
- ただし、日本文化に特有の事象であるが、道具として極めてシンプルであるため、使う者の知恵・技術水準が実用レベルと直結する。
- However, as one typical aspect of Japanese culture, the level of knowledge and technique of users of Furoshiki is directly related to the utilization level due to its high simplicity as a device.
- 「日本による遼東半島所有は、清国の首都北京市を脅かすだけでなく、李氏朝鮮の独立を有名無実にし、極東の平和の妨げとなる。」
- Aquisition of the Liaodong Peninsula by Japan not only threatens Beijing City, a capital of Qing, but also undermines the independence of the Joseon Dynasty and hinders the efforts of establishing peace in the Far East.'
- 高級武士もそれに倣い、「糸印」の蒐集に励み、各屋敷には少なからずの「糸印」が存在し、極自然的に印籠を提げる役割を果たした。
- Following his lead, higher-ranking samurai competed to collect 'itoin'; and because there were quite a few 'itoin' in their residences, their itoin naturally played a role to hang inro from their obi.
- 2007年7月には当主野村万作が重要無形文化財個人指定(人間国宝)に認定され、現在狂言界で最も隆盛を極めている一派である。
- In July, 2007, the family head Mansaku NOMURA was designated the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure), making this group the most prosperous in the current world of Kyogen.
- 明治時代に入ると外国への配慮から混浴は禁止されるが、銭湯そのものは都市化の進展や近代の衛生観念の向上とともに隆盛を極めた。
- Even though mixed bathing was banned out of consideration for foreigners in the Meiji period, the sento reached new heights of prosperity along with the advanced urbanization and improved awareness of hygiene.
- 後鳥羽上皇は後鳥羽院番鍛冶を設置し、月ごとに刀工を召して鍛刀させ、上皇自らも焼刃を施したといわれ、積極的に作刀を奨励した。
- The Retired Emperor Gotoba established Gotoba-in smithery, where he summoned sword craftsmen each month and had them forge swords, also involved himself in Yakiba (cutting edge), and positively encouraged the making of swords.
- 立礼や盆略はその後三千家やそれ以外の流派にも形を変えながら受容されているが、こうした積極性は伝統的な流派においては珍しい。
- Although the ryurei and bonryaku styles of tea ceremony later became accepted by all sansenke and other schools, in different forms, such a positive progressive attitude characteristic of Urasenke is rarely seen among other traditional schools.
- しかし、かつて武田元明の妻であり、高次にとっては妹にあたる京極竜子が秀吉の側室となると罪を許されて秀吉の家臣となっていた。
- However, when Tatsuko KYOGOKU who used to be a wife of Motoaki TAKEDA and was a younger sister of Takatsugu became a concubine of Hideyoshi, Takatsugu was absolved of his sins and became a vassal of Hideyoshi.
- 青木周蔵外相、井上馨などは消極的反対、逓信大臣・後藤象二郎などは「津田を拉致し拳銃で射殺することが善後策になる」と語った。
- The foreign minister, Shuzo AOKI and Kaoru INOUE moderately disagreed with the death penalty, but the communications minister, Shojiro GOTO said 'the best way to solve this problem is to abduct TSUDA and shoot him to death'.
- おしゃれなデートコースとしての映画館という風潮とは対極に位置することもあり、ライバルであった東宝には大きく水をあけられた。
- Toei did not embrace the trend of the movie theater being a fancy date spot, and as a consequence was left far behind its rival company, Toho.
- ただし、一介の小国人に過ぎなかった浅井氏による江北支配も順調ではなく、なおしばらくは京極氏を名目上の守護と仰ぐ時代が続いた。
- However, the contol of Gohoku by the Azai, who were merely a small country clan, was not stable, and for some time after that the Kyogoku clan became respected as the ostensible Shugo (military governor) and continued.
- 古代中国で北極星を意味し道教にも取り入れられた「天皇大帝」(てんおうだいてい)あるいは「扶桑大帝東皇父」から採ったという説。
- There is a theory stating that it was adopted from 'Teno daitei' or 'Fuso Taitei Tokofu,' which means the Polestar in ancient China and was also adopted into Taoism.
- 浄土思想で信じられている極楽浄土(阿弥陀如来が治める浄土の一種)は西方の遙か彼方にあると考えられている(西方浄土ともいう)。
- It is thought that the Pure Land of Amitabha (the pure land ruled by Amida Nyorai or Amitabha Tathagata) exists off in the distance in the west (it is also called the Western Pure Land).
- 貴族も阿弥陀仏にすがり、極楽浄土に迎えられることを願って来迎図などを盛んに描かせ、その究極として宇治の地に平等院を建立した。
- The nobles relied on Amida Buddha and, hoping to be welcomed to the Sukhavati paradise, had many 'raigo-zu' (images of the Amida Buddha's descent to welcome the dying) drawn and ultimately had Byodo-in Temple built at Uji.
- 薙刀や槍と同じ武士の調度品で源平合戦では既に使われていたとされるが、文明開化以降はほとんど残らず、教える流派も極少数である。
- It's considered as one of the furnishing goods for samurai as well as 'naginata' (Japanese halberd) or spears, and already used during the Genpei War, but after the civilization and enlightenment, it hardly existed and also there are few schools which teach its techniques.
- その個性的な風味は好き嫌いが極端に別れるため、好奇心や目新しさで話題を呼ぶものの、定番化まで至らず販売終了となることが多い。
- Although it furnished a topic of conversation due to its novelty and people's curiosity, personal preferences on its distinctive taste were sharply divided, and so it frequently finished selling without becoming a standard product.
- その一方、生食の極致とも言えるシロウオの踊り食いは食材に何ら手を加えていないが、高級料理の逸品として食通に広く知られている。
- On the other hand, shirouo no odorigui (dancing icegoby), an ultimate raw diet, is widely known to gourmets as a specialty of haute cuisine though it is not cooked in any way.
- 「手事物」と呼ばれる、器楽性の高い楽曲形式(基本的に、前歌 - 手事 - 後唄の構成)が発達、演奏技巧も極限まで追求された。
- They developed a highly instrumental music style called 'tegoto mono' (composition of basically the first vocal section, an instrumental intermezzo, and the second vocal section), and sought for the instrumental technique to the ultimate level.
- 一方台湾館は、極彩色の楼門及び翼楼をもった建築物であり、中では台湾に関し15部門(農業・園芸から習俗まで)の展示が行われた。
- On the other hand, Taiwan Pavilion, which had a richly-colored romon (two-storied gates) and yokuro (side structures), featured 15 sections such as farming, horticulture, and manners and customs.
- しかし、当時の唐は武宗の仏教弾圧政策(会昌の廃仏)の影響により仏教は衰退の極にあったため親王は長安で優れた師を得られなかった。
- However due to Wu Zong's policy of suppressing Buddhism (the anti-Buddhist movement during the Kaisho era) in Tang at the time, Buddhism was on the edge of a decline, the Imperial Prince was not able to find his great teacher in Changan.
- 器物の妖怪が数ある中、釜は「吉備津の御釜占い」など吉兆を見極める占いに使用されるなど、器物の中でも特に神聖なものとされている。
- Out of the many specters of utensils, it is considered especially sacred, for the pot was used such as for 'Kibitsuno Okamauranai', which is a fortune telling that distinguished lucky omen.
- 慶安元年(1648年)には丹後国宮津藩主・京極高広との間に諍いを起こし、それが原因で紀通が謀反を企んでいるという風聞が流れた。
- Due to conflict Norimichi had with Takahiro KYOGOKU, the lord of the Miyazu Domain in Tango province, in 1648, a rumor began circulating that he was plotting a rebellion.
- これも極めておおざっぱな目安であるが、一般の小さな酒蔵だと年間500石、大手の酒蔵で年間5,000石以上といったところである。
- As this also is a very rough guide, a small brewery in general produces 500 koku annually and a large brewery more than 5,000 koku.
- 武道では極限状態まで自らの身体・精神を追い込み、そこで自らの弱さに打ち勝ち(克己)自らの前途を開くことを一つの眼目としている。
- One of Budo's main purpose is to overcome one's weakness (self-governing) as well as to pave the way for the future by driving one's body/mind to an extreme situation.
- 現在でも米国で消費される醤油の殆どは、このテリヤキ調理法に費やされており、純粋な日本料理に消費される醤油の割合は極めて少ない。
- In the United States, even today, most soy sauce consumed is used in teriyaki cooking while very little is used in genuine Japanese cooking.
- 1927年成立の田中内閣は田中外交と呼ばれる中国での積極政策を推進し左翼運動を弾圧するが、張作霖爆殺事件の処理を巡り退陣する。
- The Tanaka Cabinet, which was established in 1927, adopted the aggressive policy in China so-called Tanaka diplomacy and oppressed leftist movement, but the cabinet was forced to resign en masse concerning the management of Assassination of Sakurin CHO.
- 「性」とは天から賦与された純粋な善性を、他方「情」とは感情としてあらわれる心の動きを指し、「情」の極端なものが人欲といわれる。
- Sei' is the pure innate goodness given by Heaven, while 'jo' is the activity of one's mind represented as feelings, and the extreme form of 'jo' is called 'jinyoku', or human desires.
- 義教は、将軍の権力強化をねらって、斯波氏、畠山氏、山名氏、京極氏、富樫氏の家督相続に強引に介入し、意中の者を家督に据えさせた。
- Yoshinori planed to consolidate the power of shogun and intervened in the succession to family headship of the Shiba, Hatakeyama, Yamana, Kyogoku, and Togashi clans in a high-handed manner and made those in his mind take over the clan.
- 俳優・佐野史郎はドラマ『巷説百物語京極夏彦「怪」』の撮影中、撮影所の空に舞う一反木綿を目撃し、その姿は長く白い布状だったという。
- The actor Shiro SANO saw Ittan-momen floating in the sky over a studio where the drama based on the novel of 'Kai' (Mystery) in the series of 'Kosetsu Hyaku Monogatari' (A Hundred Street-corner Gossips) by Kyogoku NATSUHIKO was being shot, and it was a cloth-like long and white object, he said.
- 上記の歌舞伎と、基本的に同じだが、舞踊の発表会では黒のアイライナーを太く入れる場合が多い、極稀に、付けまつげを付ける場合もある。
- Although the makeup of Kabuki Buyo (Kabuki dance) is essentially the same as the aforementioned Kabuki, the dancers often put on thick black eyeliner and sometimes wear excessively tipped eyelashes during dance recitals.
- 綴じ糸による「一筆がき」風にはできないが、糸による線で紋を描くため、極力糸を生地にくぐらせないで留めていく「置紋」の方法を使う。
- It was not a single-stroke drawing of binding string, but the family crest was drawn by a line of string so a stitching technique called 'okimon' (heraldry) was used in which the crest was placed with strings went under the cloth as little as possible.
- さて初代松尾宗二(楽只斎)は元は近江の生まれで松尾家の養子に入り、始めは町田秋波に茶を学び表千家6代覚々斎のもとで奥儀を極めた。
- The first head of the family, Soji MATSUO (Rakushisai), who was born in Omi and adopted by the Matsuo familly, became firstly a disciple of Shuha MACHIDA to learn the tea ceremony and delved into its secrets under the guidance of the sixth head of Omote-Senke school, Kakukakusai.
- 玄々斎による茶箱点・立礼式や、13代円能斎による盆略点に代表されるように、新しい点前を作ることに対して他の二家より積極的である。
- The Urasenke school has kept a more positive attitude than the other two Senke schools in creating new temae (tea serving manners/methods), as being represented by chabakodate (a tea serving method using tea chests) and ryureishiki (a style of tea ceremony using chairs to sit on), both invented by Gengensai, and bonryaku-date (bonryaku-type service) established by Ennosai, thirteenth head of the school.
- しかし、本格的にワイン生産が行われるようになったのは、文明開化を受けて洋風文化を積極的に摂取するようになった明治時代以降である。
- However, the winemaking began in earnest after the Meiji period when the proactive adoption of Western culture took place following civilization and enlightenment.
- 民撰議院設立建白書は、天賦人権論に立脚しているものの、当時、困窮を極めた不平士族の不満が形を変えて噴出したものであったと言える。
- Although the 'Minsen Giin Setsuritsu Kenpaku Sho' had the standpoint of the Tenpu-jinken-ron (theory of natural human rights), it's possible to say that this was a form of expression of the Fuhei Shizoku, the samurai class, who were not satisfied with the social change during this period of time, and most of whom were actually in dire poverty at the time.
- その他、戦国時代 (日本)より現れた両替商兼銀細工師である銀屋(ぎんや)が各地で極印銀を鋳造し、銀座はこうした業者から成立した。
- Ginza was also formed by 'ginya,' money changers who were also silver craftsmen and minted hallmarked silver coins in various parts of the country, starting in the Sengoku Period.
- 昭和初期から30年代にかけて京都市新京極に、明治から大正にかけて大阪市上本町に同じ名の寄席が存在したが、両者は互いに無関係である。
- There were two yose called Fuki, that existed at Shinkyogoku, Kyoto City for about 30 years since early Showa era, and another existed at Uehommachi, Osaka City from Meiji era to Taisho era, though they shared the same name, they were not related to each other.
- 平安時代中期以降、大内裏の正殿であった大極殿が衰亡したことによって、即位の礼や大嘗祭などの重要行事も紫宸殿で行われるようになった。
- In and after the middle of the Heian period, since Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace), the main hall of Daidairi (the Greater Imperial Palace), was ruined, the Shishinden Hall came to be used as a place to hold important events such as Sokui no rei (ceremony of the enthronement) and Daijo-sai festival (a festival to celebrate the succession of an emperor).
- 錦絵登場の直前、輪郭線すらも墨を用いず「ツユクサ」の青色としたみずえ(みずえ)と呼ばれる、極端に彩度の低い多色刷りも生まれている。
- Immediately before the appearance of Nishikie, an extremely low-chromatic multicolor printing called Mizue emerged, in which profile lines are drawn by 'Tsuyukusa' (blue Asiatic Dayflower) rather than India ink.
- 春分と秋分は、太陽が真東から昇り、真西に沈むので、西方に沈む太陽を礼拝し、遙か彼方の極楽浄土に思いをはせたのが彼岸の始まりである。
- As the sun rises directly in the East and sets directly in the West around the Equinox, people worshipped the sun setting in the west and imagined a faraway Pure Land of Amitabha; and this was the precursor to higan.
- 仏教(特に浄土教)では、衆生の機根の違いによって、同じ極楽浄土へ往生するにも、9つのパターンがあると『観無量寿経』に説かれている。
- Kanmuryojukyo' (one of Buddhist scriptures) described that there are nine patterns to go to gokuraku jodo (the Pure Land of Amitabha) according to an ability of all living things in Buddhism (especially, Jodo [Pure Land] sect).
- 作リ物は極端なまでに簡略化され、例えば「舟」は竹ヒゴ製模型飛行機の主翼を大きくしたようなものに過ぎないが、能にはこれで十分である。
- A replica may be extremely simplified. For instance, a 'boat' in Noh is not bigger than an enlarged main wing of a model aircraft made of bamboo poles. It is big enough for Noh though.
- さらに同じ頃、前年の下関における外国船砲撃の報復として、イギリス・フランス・アメリカ・オランダ4国の極東艦隊が連合して下関を攻撃。
- In addition, Britain, France, the US, and the Netherlands sent a combined Far East squadron to attack Shimonoseki, in retaliation against the Choshu clan's attacks on foreign vessels in the previous year.
- その中でも京都や金沢などの大城下町では特に奥行が深く、極端な短冊の敷地に建てられた町屋は「うなぎの寝床」などと呼ばれることもあった。
- In the major castle towns such as Kyoto and Kanazawa, those merchant houses that were built on deep and narrow lots were also referred to as eel's nest.
- 現在では「近江京」の条坊制の存在を否定する研究者までが「大津京」を用い、その概念や定義は極めて曖昧となり、研究に混乱をきたしている。
- Now, even historians who deny the existence of the street plan use the word 'Otsu-kyo,' making the concept and definition of the word blur very much, which confuses historical study.
- これは貴族中心の議院であることを積極的に表現し、天皇の藩屏として純粋な君主主義の立場を取り、民主主義に対抗する役割を期待されていた。
- This positively means the House was a peerage-centered house and the councilors were expected to adopt the principles of the monarchy and support the Emperor in the fight against democracy.
- そのため、昭和天皇崩御に伴う皇太子明仁親王の皇位継承儀式、及び即位の礼は、廃止された旧登極令及び同附式を踏襲する形で執り行われている。
- Therefore, the Succession ceremony and the enthronement ceremony of Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Akihito to succeed to the throne after Emperor Showa died, was arranged to follow the law of former Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne and 同附式.
- しかし、近景と遠景の極端な切り取り方や、俯瞰、鳥瞰などを駆使した視点、またズームアップを多岐にわたって取り入れるなど斬新な構図が多い。
- However, there are many innovative compositions that use a wide range of perspectives, such as exaggerated ways of placing close-range and distant views, crow's nest view and bird's eye view, and close-ups views.
- これは衣服の原材料である絹・麻などの繊維は金属・木材に比べて極めて時間経過による劣化が激しく、時代を超えて残ることが殆ど無い為である。
- Because materials for clothing such as silk and hemp have much less durability than metal or wood, there is almost no possibility for such materials to survive through the years.
- 線路 (鉄道)が周囲より高い場所または低い場所に設けられた踏切は、極端に盛り上がったり窪んだ形状になるため、かまぼこ型踏切といわれる。
- The railroad crossing in which the rail tracks are placed at a higher or lower level than the surrounding area, is called a 'kamaboko-gata (style) railroad crossing,' because the shapes are extremely swollen or depressed.
- また修羅の中に極めて弱き者は人間山地の中に在りて住す、すなわち今、西方の山中に大きくて深い窟があり、多く非天=阿修羅の宮があるという。
- In addition, the extremely weak shura (timber chute) lives in the human-living mountain, and therefore, it is said that now there is a big and deep cave in the western mountain in which many non-heavens; i.e. the palace of Ashura, are located.
- なお扇子の開け閉めは相手にとって雑音として受け取られる場合もあることから、極力自分の考慮時間中に行う事が相手に対する礼節とされている。
- The sound folding and unfolding is sometimes likely to be annoying to the other parson, so it is considered good manners for the player to reciprocate the motion during his or her turn, as much as possible.
- 特に桃山時代にはその優劣を見極める技術(「目利」)は数寄者(茶道)の必須技能となり、「名物」を見るために多大な労力を払うようになった。
- During the Momoyama period in particular, it was essential for connoisseurs to be able to judge the quality of chaire and so they spent enormous effort trying to see 'masterpieces.'
- 寿星は南極老人星(カノープス)とされ、容貌は時期によって諸説あるが近代以降は禿げた長大な頭に白ひげをたくわえた老人とされることが多い。
- Shouxing, the God of Longevity is considered to be Canopus and there are various opinions on his physical appearance depending on the time in history but, since the modern era, it has often been defined to be a bald old man with an elongated head sporting white beard.
- 頭が下がったときに、反対の掌で頭部を押さえ、回した腕をそのまま下、後ろ、上と動かし、腕を垂直に立て、肩関節を極めて、前方に崩し投げる。
- When the head is down, hold the head with the other palm; move the rotated arm down, back and up, lift the arm vertically and, fixing the shoulder joint, throw forward.
- しかし現状では、能楽協会会員以外の者が仕事として演能を依頼されることは、和泉のような極めて稀な事例を除き、日本国内ではまずあり得ない。
- In the current situation, however, it is practically impossible for someone who is not a member of the Nohgaku Performers' Association to be offered a job to perform Noh within Japan, except for very rare cases such as IZUMI.
- 鮒寿司は発酵による乳酸の酸味と臭気が強いため人の好みが極端に分かれるが、お茶漬けにして食べると慣れない人でも食べやすくなる場合がある。
- Due to the strong sour taste and odor caused by lactic acid fermentation, funa-zushi is not for everyone but it may be more appealing to the palate of those who are unfamiliar with this food if served with a bowl of rice in hot tea.
- 一方、外様大名の家老連綿の家系の場合は、将軍に謁見の資格を与えられるのは、万石以上や特別な由緒を持つ者に限られた極めて稀な例であった。
- On the other hand, in the case of families who had been Karo to a Tozama-daimyo (the daimyo who became to belong the Tokugawa side after the Battle of Sekigawara) for generations, only those with a 10,000 koku (approx. 180 litres/koku) or more of rice crop or those of special lineage (of whom there were very few) were entitled to have an audience with shogun.
- 平等条約ではあったが、その内容は両国がともに欧米から押し付けられていた不平等条約の内容を相互に認め合うという極めて特異な内容であった。
- Although it was an equal treaty, the contents were extreamly unique that the both countries approved each other the contents of the unequal treaty which both of them were respectively imposed by Europe and America.
- 豊臣秀吉による文禄・慶長の役(朝鮮出兵)の大義名分(朝鮮は三韓征伐以来、日本の属国であり支配する権利がある)として積極的に用いられた。
- In order to justify an advance upon Korea, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI aggressively used a legitimate reason (After the Sankan-Seibatsu Korea is dependency to Japan, which has the right to rule the country); then executed the battle of Bunroku and Keicho (Japanese invasions of Korea, two campaigns to attack Korea).
- さらに関野貞は、大極殿の基壇を見つけ、平城宮の復元研究を深めて、その成果を『平城宮及大内裏考』として1907年(明治40)に発表した。
- In addition, after Tadashi SEKINO discovered the substructure of Daigokuden and conducted research on the restoration of Heijo-kyu Palace, its results were published as 'Heijo-kyu oyobi Daidairi ko' in 1907.
- 南北(当時は勝俵蔵)は読本『絵本合邦辻』を原作として、左枝大学之助と立場の太平次という極悪人を主人公に据え、悪事の限りを尽くさせている。
- Nanboku (then called Hyozo KATSU) wrote it, based on the original Yomihon (a kind of novel) of 'Ehon Gappo ga Tsuji,' with villains called Daigakunosuke SAEDA and Tateba no Taheiji as main characters, who commit all crimes.
- その信仰儀式を一目見ようとする庶民たちも多かったが、中には儀式に反し、現世に未練があるなどして極楽往生できなかった者もいたとされている。
- Many lay people wanted to see this religious ritual of self-cremation, and it was assumed that despite the ritual, some monks did not die a peaceful death because they were attached to the life on the earth.
- 他方で、格闘技として見れば、裸身(に極めて近い状態)で道具を用いず、つかみ合い、相手の体を倒しあうことを競うレスリング系統の競技である。
- On the other hand, looking at sumo as a martial art, people find that it is a wrestling-type of sport in which an almost naked wrestler tries to grab and defeat his opponent without using any weapons.
- 1953年には、当時ヨーロッパで隆盛を極めたファッションデザイナーのクリスチャン・ディオールが来日し、海外ファッションの導入が始まった。
- In 1953, Christian Dior, who was a fashion designer and very successful in Europe at the time, visited Japan, and started to introduce fashion trends abroad.
- 鎌倉将軍一覧を輩出したことから、武家の統領の家柄とされ、足利氏・徳川氏の両将軍家を初めとして、極めて多数の武家が清和源氏の子孫と称した。
- Seiwa-Genji was considered to be the top of the military families because it produced successive shogun during the Kamakura period, an extremely large number of military families, such as Ashikaga and Tokugawa who produced samurai, and claimed to be descendants of Seiwa-Genji.
- 当時政権の座にあった左大臣藤原道長は、複雑な背景を有する昭登らへの宣下に消極的であったものの花山法皇の意向を受けてやむなく従ったという。
- It is told that FUJIWARA no Michinaga, a Sadaijin (minister of the left) who gained supremacy in the administration, had a negative stance about giving the title to Akinari and Kiyohito due to their complicated background, but reluctantly followed Emperor Kazan's wish.
- 当時の大根は堀入で地上部に根部が露出する事なく、葉は著しく濃緑色で欠刻を有し、現在の時無大根に比べると、極めて晩生種であったと思われる。
- The daikon of the time had no above-ground exposure, without any root showing above the ground, with significantly dark green leaves that have slits; and it is assumed that they were of an exceptionally late variety compared to the present-day Tokinashi daikon.
- この書は、聖徳太子をはじめとして、皇族から僧・庶民にいたる計45人の極楽往生の伝記を載せ、保胤の浄土信仰に基づいて編纂されたものである。
- This document, a collection of memoirs of 45 persons who reached the celestial realm and became Buddha, including Prince Shotoku, Imperial family members, Buddhist monks, and laypersons, was compiled based on Yasutane's worship of the Pure Land.
- 角柱を使い、長押(なげし)を打ち、壁や襖障子に極彩色の金碧障壁画を描く書院造りは、対面儀式にはふさわしいが、日常の生活にはやや堅苦しい。
- The Shoin-zukuri room which used kakubashira, nageshi, and richly colored kinpeki shohekiga (a large painting on a wall, screen or sliding door where strong, bright, mineral pigments such as ultramarine, malachite, and red ocher were applied over gold backgrounds with gold foil and gold paint) on the wall and Fusuma-shoji were suitable for ceremonies to see a guest, but a little too stiff for daily life.
- また能の舞は、静的であり、一曲の中にはなはだしい緩急がなく、身体に極度の緊張を強いることでかたい線を出そうとするという特色も持っている。
- Noh dancing is static and has no drastic changes from fast to slow in one performance and it is characterized by showing stiff line by forcing a body to be under extreme tension.
- 「オムライス発祥の店」を自称する店はいくつかあるが、中でも有名であり有力とされるのは大阪心斎橋の「北極星」、東京銀座の「煉瓦亭」である。
- There are several restaurants that are self-claimed birthplaces of the rice omelet, but 'Hokkyokusei' in Shinsaibashi, Osaka City and 'Rengatei' in Ginza, Tokyo are well-known and are likely to be where the rice omelet originated.
- 5月に内容を知った岩倉はその内容とともに自分を無視して熾仁親王に極秘裏に意見書を出した経緯に激怒、太政官大書記官の井上毅に意見を求めた。
- In May, Iwakura came to know the contents of the proposal, got very angry about the contents and the fact that Okuma ignored Iwakura, and submitted the written proposal to Imperial Prince Taruhito, and then Iwakura consulted with Kowashi INOUE.
- 古人大兄皇子は皇極天皇の側に侍していたが、その儀式の最中、異母弟・中大兄皇子(後の天智天皇)、藤原鎌足らが蘇我入鹿を暗殺する事件が起きた。
- Furuhito no Oe no Miko was next to Empress Kogyoku during that ceremony, during which time younger paternal brother, Naka no Oe no Oji (later Emperor Tenchi) and FUJIWARA no Kamatari killed SOGA no Iruka.
- 2005年以降、孔子の生誕を祝う祝典が国家行事として執り行われ、論語を積極的に学校授業に取り入れるようになるなど儒教の再評価が進んでいる。
- Reappraisal of Ju-kyo is under way, with celebration of the birth of Koshi being held as a national event since 2005 and the Analects of Confucius is being actively taught in schools.
- これは極薄の天具(てんぐ)帖紙に透かし紋様ではなく、胡粉(ごふん)の具などで木版摺(す)りしたもので、のちに型染めで捺染するようになった。
- Montengujo was originally made by block-printing mulberry paper, instead of watermarking the same, with whitewash, etc, but thereafter came to be made by stencil printing.
- また、ファストフードとして機能する必要のある立ち食いうどんでは、注文から提供までの時間を極力短くするために、ほとんどがこれを使用している。
- Meanwhile, stand-up-eating Udon noodle shops, expected to operate as fast-food places, mostly use Yude-Udon to shorten the time required to prepare the bowls, as much as possible.
- ただし近年では、劇付随音楽としての竹本の独自性や技術を積極的に再評価し、文楽義太夫とはまた別の音楽として考える傾向がつよくなってきている。
- Recently, however, there is a growing trend toward the active revaluation of the originality and techniques of Takemoto as accompaniment to plays and a growing tendency to consider Takemoto and Bunraku Gidayu as separate music.
- そして古筆中、最も著名な『高野切第一種・第二種・第三種』に対しては酷評しており、三色紙、特に『寸松庵色紙』の評価が極めて高いことが分かる。
- He also harshly criticized the three styles of the most well known version of the 'Koya-gire' and this proves that he held the San-shikishi, especially the 'Sunshoan-shikishi,' in high esteem.
- 特に明治になって、普化宗廃止により虚無僧という生業を断たれた尺八奏者たちが、新たな仕事の場として積極的に進出したのが大きなきっかけである。
- This kind of participation was particularly accelerated when shakuhachi performers actively entered the sankyoku world for their workplace after losing their occupations as komuso, owing to the government's abolition of the Fuke sect in the Meiji period.
- 「巻藁三年(旧制中学時代は実際に3年間的前には上がらず巻藁練習をしていた)」とも言われるほどこの練習は的前に立つ前段階で極めて重要である。
- Makiwara practice is important enough as a preliminary step before progressing to matomae to be called 'three-year makiwara practice' (under the old education system, in the junior high school, it was said that archers continued makiwara practice for three years before progressing to matomae).
- なお、子午線1度の長さについては28.2里(約110.74キロメートル)と算出し、今日の計測値と較べても極めて誤差の少ない数値となっている。
- As to the length of a degree of the meridian, he calculated it was 28.2-ri (about 110.74km), a quite accurate figure compared even with today's measurements.
- 胡渭は『易図明弁』を著し朱子学が重視した「太極図」や「先天図」「河図洛書」といった易学上の図が本来、儒教とは関連性がなかったことを証明した。
- Ko I wrote the 'Clarification of Figures used in Eki-kyo' and proved that the figures of art of divination such as 'the figure of Taiji,' 'Senten-zu' (the innate figure), and 'Katoraku-sho' (pictures of legend good omens, which were thought to be related to Eki-kyo), which were valued in Neo-Confucianism, were originally not related to Ju-kyo.
- ここで桐野は官軍による包囲が極めて厳重であり、地形が非常に険しいことから薩軍の全軍が突破することは困難であると考え、熊本城の奪取を提案した。
- Here, KIRINO proposed that they should take back Kumamoto Castle, considering that the siege by the government army was quite tight, the terrain was rugged and therefore, it would be difficult for all forces of the Satsuma army to break through the siege.
- 特に朱子学が従来の儒学議論の中から、孟子の「性善説」を取り出し、極端に尊崇したことから、「性」「善」の内容をめぐって議論を呼ぶことになった。
- From among the traditional discussions on Confucianism, Shushigaku took Mencius' 'Theory of Innate Goodness' and held it in high esteem, which led to the debate over 'innateness' and 'goodness'.
- 前後の状況証拠から、軽皇子が真の首謀者であり、皇極の退位・孝徳の即位という日本初の譲位を断行するために蘇我氏を倒したとする説(遠山美都男)。
- The theory states that from the circumstance evidence Prince Karu was the true ringleader and killed the Soga clan in order to carry out the Japanese first abdication; Kogyoku stepping down from the throne and Kotoku ascending the throne (suggested by Mitsuo TOYAMA).
- 家格は名家 (公家)、江戸時代後期の平松時章(1754年 - 1828年)が正二位・大納言に上った以外、歴代当主の極官は正二位・中納言である。
- The social standing of the family was Meika, upper rank of Kuge, and, aside from Tokiakira HIRAMATSU (1754-1828) who became Dainagon (chief councilor of state) of Shonii (Senior Second Rank) in the latter part of the Edo period, the highest office held by the hereditary family heads was Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) of Shonii (Senior Second Rank).
- 桜井皇子(欽明天皇の皇子)の女・吉備姫王(きびひめのみこ、吉備島皇祖母命)を妃とし、宝女王(皇極天皇, 斉明天皇)・軽王(孝徳天皇)を儲けた。
- He married a daughter of the Prince Sakurai (Prince of the Emperor Kinmei), Kibihime no miko and had Takara hime (the Empress Kogyoku and the Emperor Saimei) and Karu no miko (Emperor Kotoku) as children.
- これに対して各産地では生産調整、品質の向上、価格が高い早生や極早生への切り替え等で対応し、ウンシュウミカンの価格は傾向として一時的に上昇した。
- To cope with this crisis, each production area tried to adjust the yield, improve the quality, change crops to higher priced 'wase' early grown cultivar and the price of unshu mikan temporally increased.
- いっぽう大豪族の蘇我氏は渡来人勢力と連携し、国際的な視野を持っていたとされ、朝鮮半島国家との関係の上からも仏教の受容に積極的であったとされる。
- On the other hand, the Soga clan, Daigozoku (big local ruling family), was said to work together with toraijin group, to have an international vision, and to be aggressive to accept Buddhism because of the relationship with the countries of the Korean peninsula.
- 中世には、仏教の六道のほかに天狗道があり、仏道を学んでいる為地獄に堕ちず、邪法を扱うため極楽にも行けない無間(むげん)地獄と想定、解釈された。
- In the Middle Ages there was the realm of Tengu other than the six realms of Buddhism, which was assumed and interpreted as Avici for those who were not going to fall into Hell because they had learned Buddhism but were not going to Heaven either because they had done wrong.
- 例えば、徒歩鵜では鵜匠ごとに1羽ないし極数羽のウを操るが、小船を用いた一般的な鵜飼においては、1人の鵜匠が5羽から10羽程度のウを一度に操る。
- For example, while in kachi-u (cormorant fishing on foot) one ujo uses one or very few cormorants, in the general Ukai on a small boat one ujo uses 5 to 10 cormorants at a time.
- この部分のために、共鳴モードの成立が妨げられ、西洋の平均律はもちろん、日本の各種音階とも異なる独特の音階と、極めてかん高いヒシギ音が得られる。
- This part prevents from forming resonate mode and enables to get the original scales which differ from all sorts of Japanese ones, not to mention the temperament in the West, as well as an extremely high pitched sound called hishigi.
- 日本の政財界の中にも、朝鮮の近代化は隣国として利益となる面も大きいと考え、積極的な支援を惜しまない人々が現れ、改革の土台が出来上がっていった。
- Some people in the Japanese political and financial worlds found the modernization of Korea more valuable as a neighbor and came to provide positive support, and this formed the foundation of reform.
- 山根徳太郎らの調査によって、太極殿跡が発掘されるなど飛鳥時代における難波宮の存在は確認されているが、都市域である京域の存在は認められていない。
- The existence of the Naniwa no miya Palace in the Asuka period has been confirmed with the exploration by Tokutaro YAMANE and others who excavated the Daigokuden ruins; however, the existence of the capital and surrounding region, the center city, has not been confirmed.
- やがて受領と地方富豪層の間の緊張関係の調停に積極介入するようになり、そのこじれから国衙と戦となって、結果的に朝廷への叛乱とみなされるに至った。
- Soon after, Masakado intervened in a tense dispute involving the Zuryo (the Provincial Governors) and the local Fugo-so (the upper class) who were at war with the Kokuga (the provincial government office); the intervention was considered to be an act of rebellion against the Imperial Court.
- 尊攘派の擡頭により朝廷・幕府政治の混乱が起きていることを憂えた孝明天皇の意をくみ、久邇宮朝彦親王は極秘に会津藩・薩摩藩に長州藩の追放を命ずる。
- Understanding that the Emperor Komei was worried about the emergence of sonjo party and the resulting confused political circumstances of the imperial court and of the shogunate, Imperial Prince Kuninomiya Asahiko secretly ordered the Aizu and Satsuma clans to expel the Choshu clan.
- また、この説では皇極天皇の退位の理由や入鹿以外の蘇我氏がクーデター後も追放されていない理由など、その他の疑問点も説明できるため注目を浴びている。
- This theory gets a lot of attention because it can explain Empress Kogyoku's abdication or the reason that the Soga Family (except Iruka) was not displaced from politics after the coup.
- 『四谷怪談』の仕掛けは十一代目長谷川勘兵衛が独自に考案した極めて独創性の高い装置であることから、この演目では「長谷川!」が掛かることが特に多い。
- At a famous kabuki 'Yotsuya Kaidan', the kakegoe 'Hasegawa' is especially often heard, because those incredibly creative sets for the play were invented by the eleventh Kanbei HASEGAWA.
- より多くの外国人の日本への来訪を促すために、調査等を行い市場を見極めると同時に、それらのニーズに応じた旅行商品を開発し、それらを海外で広報する。
- To encourage foreign tourists to visit Japan, the Ministry is to undertake research to understand the market, develop tours which satisfy the needs of the market, and then promote them overseas.
- 1930年代後半から1940年代前半にかけては、戦時体制により繊維・衣服の統制が極端に進み、さらに百貨店自体の売り上げが低迷した時期でもあった。
- From the latter half of 1930's until the first half of 1940's, fabrics and clothes were strictly controlled under wartime regime, and the sales of department stores were sluggish.
- これは以下のような理由から大手下着製造業者が積極的に手掛けにくいニッチ商品であることが、大手流通網に乗らず、広く店頭に並ばない理由と推測される。
- This can be understood that because the fundoshi is a niche item that the major undergarment manufacturers cannot easily embarked on the production with the following reasons, the undergarment cannot be traded on the major distribution network, and thus it's rare to find them in stores.
- 吉備姫王(きびひめのおおきみ・きびひめのみこ、生年不詳 - 皇極天皇2年9月11日 (旧暦)(643年10月28日)) は、日本の皇族(王族)。
- Kibitsuhime Okimi (year of birth unknown - October 31, 643) was in the Imperial (royal) family in Japan.
- もともと園家は権中納言を極官とする下級公家だったが、これ以降の園家当主は早世した者をのぞき全員が権大納言となっており、羽林家一の名門家となった。
- After that, all the heads of the SONO family became Gon Dainagon except those who died young, and the SONO family became the most noble of the Urin family, although the Sono family was originally a lower court noble with the highest rank of Gon Chunagon (Provisional Middle Councilor).
- 明徳5年(1394年)2月、「不登極帝(即位しなかった天皇)」として太上天皇の尊号を贈られたが、応永4年(1397年)11月にはこれを辞退した。
- In March 1394, he was conferred the honorary title of Daijo Tenno (the retired Emperor) as 'the emperor who was not enthroned'; however, he declined the title in November 1397.
- 明治維新により天皇が国家の最高指導者に位置付けられてからは皇室典範並びに登極令の制定により天皇の践祚・即位に関わる一連の儀式の様式が定められた。
- Since the Emperor was regarded as the national supreme leader by the Meiji Restoration, the form of a series of ceremonies in regard of the accession and enthronement of the Emperor was defined by the newly established Imperial House Act and Tokyoku-rei.
- また、智光が自らの僧房に、画工に描かせた浄土変相図(浄土曼荼羅)を掛けて極楽往生を念じた縁由により、元興寺 という呼称が用いられるようになった。
- Additionally, Chiko's own sobo (the priests' living quarters in a Buddhist temple) was called Gango-ji Temple, because he had hung Jodo Henso-zu (Jodo Mandala) which he had painters paint and prayed for the rebirth in Gokuraku-Jodo.
- また、一念三千は天台宗の重要な教理であるとするも智顗は摩訶止観5で、たった一度しか言及していないものを湛然が「終窮・究極」と配しただけであると。
- They also say that although the ichinen sanzen is treated as an important doctrine of the Tendai sect, it is only mentioned once by Zhiyi in his Makashikan (Mahayana Practice of Cessation and Contemplation) vol. 5; notwithstanding, Tannen called it 'utmost and fundamental.'
- 赤塚不二夫による「レッツラゴン」(1971年 - 1974年、『週刊少年サンデー』連載)は、この手法における楽屋オチの極北を追求した作品である。
- Rettsuragon' by Fujio AKATSUKA (appeared in 'Weekly Shonen (boy) Sunday' from 1971 to 1974) was a cartoon which pursued this method of gakuya ochi to the extreme.
- しかし1990年代も半ばを過ぎると演歌の衰退は激化し、1990年代末には演歌の新曲CDが数十万枚単位でヒットする例は極めて少なくなってしまった。
- Years after the mid-1990s, however, saw severer deterioration of the enka genre, and it became unusual for new enka CDs to become hits and sell as many as hundreds of thousands of copies in the late 1990s.
- 隠し武器としての使用法は、一般に広く伝わった物ではなく、柔術、剣術などの流派の奥、極意として伝わったため、名称や使用法は流派によって様々である。
- Its use as a camouflaged weapon was not widespread, but was passed down as a hidden, secret technique in judo (a Japanese art of self-defense), and swordplay among others, and therefore the names and usage vary according to the school.
- 他にも当時はニコライの訪日が軍事視察であるという噂もあり、シベリア鉄道もロシアの極東進出政策を象徴するとして国民の反発があったことは確かである。
- At that time, it was rumored that an actual reason for Nicholas's visit to Japan was a military inspection, and also many Japanese people regarded the Trans-Siberian Railway as a symbol of Russian invasion of Far Eastern countries, and they had a sense of aversion against Russia.
- 円乗坊宗円(圓乗坊宗圓)は元は本能寺の僧であったが還俗して利休の婿となり、利休から極真台子および盆点法を伝えられた唯一の人であると伝えられている。
- Soen ENJOBO, being originally a priest of Honno-ji Temple, was secularized to become a son-in-law of Rikyu; he is said to have been only a person who was given gokushindaisu (a self putting tools of boiling tea for a tea ceremony) and bonten-ho (a style of temae, tea serving method of the tea ceremony) from Rikyu.
- 高広の子京極高国は、寛文6年(1666年)、江戸幕府に悪政・一族不和等の不行跡を咎められ、改易となった(宮津藩主京極家自体は高家旗本として存続)。
- Takakuni KYOGOKU, the child of Takahiro, was condemned by the Edo bakufu in 1666 for misconduct such as misrule and discord within the families, and was deprived of the privilege (the House of Kyogoku as lord of the Miyazu han existed as Koke-Hatamoto).
- 極官は参議止まりであったが、西洞院家の女子の多くは後宮に勤め、歴代の当主の多くは日記を記しており、当時の公家社会の様子を知る手がかりとなっている。
- Although the highest office achieved was Sangi, many women of the Nishinotoin family worked in the kokyu (empress's residence) and many generations of the family heads left diaries, valuable records of kuge society in each generation.
- しかしながら近年の研究によると、この和談の実態は従来の理解とは異なり、合意に達しない単なる話し合いの場であったとする見解が極めて有力となっている。
- According to the recent study, however, the conventional understanding for this comprise was far from what the practical comprise was, and it is a prevailing opinion that an agreement was not reached in the Bunpo Compromise and it was just a meeting.
- 竜門瀑や広大な鏡湖池と池中の大小の島々や岩島・丸山八海石を配した庭園は西方極楽に変え難く、足利義政は西方寺にも劣らない風景であると賞したとされる。
- The garden equipped with Ryumon-baku (Dragon-gate water fall), a spacious Kyoko-chi pond, Iwajima (an island in the pond, which consists of only rocks and stones) and Kusen-hakkai-seki (stones expressing nine mountains and eight seas) is near Western Paradise, and it is said that Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA praised its scenery as being no less beautiful than that of Saiho-ji Temple.
- 仏教における祭壇で、黄金の光背を放つ金色燦然とした金銅仏が安置され、きらびやかに彩られた欄間などの装飾によつて、空間全体が極楽浄土を暗示している。
- On a Buddhist alter, a gilt bronze statue of the Buddha with shining golden halo is placed and the ornaments such as ranma (a wooden panel used as a decorative transom above paper-covered sliding doors) are gorgeously and brightly decorated, and as a result, the total space suggests gokuraku jodo (the Pure Land of Amida Buddha).
- 昭和40年代に入ると、松鶴、米朝、春團治、文枝(当時は3代目小文枝)らが積極的に採り続けてきた弟子たちが、テレビ時代・深夜放送ブームを背景に台頭。
- In the mid 1960s, vigorously recruited disciples of Shokaku, Beicho, Harudanji and Bunshi (then Kobunshi III) rose to popularity against the background of the TV age and a boom of late-night radio shows.
- だが、蕎麦の茹で時間が30-60秒と極めて短く、溶け出す量は限られること、またルチンは不溶性であること等から考えると、あまり理にかなってはいない。
- This explanation, however, is not logically sound considering the facts such as that cooking time for soba is extremely brief being only thirty to sixty seconds which limits the amount of the nutrients to liquate out and that rutin is water insoluble.
- 江戸時代には隆盛を極め、幕府などにも献上された歴史を持っていたが、都市化、後継者不足、水質悪化、機械製麺の興盛などの影響により産地が消滅した地域。
- Areas which flourished during the Edo period having a history of presenting its somen to bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) but lost its somen industry later due to the urbanization, lack of successors, degradation of water quality, rise of machine-production of noodles, and so on.
- 一方で演武とは、技を観客に見せることが目的であるために、受け手には次に来る技が分かっており、未熟な受け手は投げ手に積極的に合わせてしまう事がある。
- Meanwhile, the purpose of enbu is to show techniques to the audience, so the defender knows what technique is next, and inexperienced defenders may be actively attuned to the thrower.
- 弓騎兵は概ね重装歩兵に対して脅威となり、特に気温が高く木の無い平坦な地域においては敏捷性に優れる弓騎兵は鈍重な重装歩兵団に対して極めて有利である。
- The archery cavalry usually became a threat to heavily armed soldiers, especially in flat areas without trees with high temperatures, where archery cavalry soldiers were much more sufficient in terms of agility than heavily armed soldiers who moved heavily and slowly.
- これらの要素は19世紀までの画家にとって前提であったローマン・グレコ様式(Roman-Greco art)の正反対、まさに対極にあるものであった。
- These elements were completely different from the Roman-Greco art which was the foundation for painters until the 19th century.
- 1880年に入ると、立憲体制に消極的であった岩倉も自由民権運動への対応から、参議や諸卿から今後の立憲体制導入の手法について意見を求めることにした。
- From 1880, Iwakura, who was in a passive attitude to constitutional government started to request opinions from Sangi (councilor) and ministers to deal with the Freedom and People's Rights Movement.
- 後に日本は林子平著『三国通覧図説』の記述を根拠として領有を主張し、八丈島住民などを積極的に移住させることで、列強から領有権を承認されることになる。
- Later, Japan would confirm its territorial right to the islands among the powerful countries of the world--the basis of the approval lay in the 'Sangoku Tsuran Zusetsu' (Illustrated General Survey of Three Countries), written by Shihei HAYASHI after Japan forced the residents of Hachijo-jima Island to immigrate to the Ogasawara Islands.
- 佐藤は、自らが率先して革命歌を高唱し、「無政府主義万歳」と叫んだことを認めると共に、無政府主義も社会主義も究極の目的は一致するかもしれぬと答えた。
- SATO acknowledged that he was the first to sing songs of revolution in a loud voice and to yell 'Hurrah for anarchism,' and replied that the ultimate objectives of anarchism and of socilalism may be the same.
- しかし、源五兵衛の特異なキャラクターを演じる俳優がいないのと、キャストが揃わないと効果が上がらないなどの理由で、名作の割には上演回数が極端に少ない。
- The play is not put on stage as often as a masterpiece should because there are not enough actors who can play the unique character of Gengobei and because the play does not meet its potential unless the most suitable actors are there to play the various roles.
- 剣璽等承継の儀とは、旧登極令(明治42年皇室令第1号)附式の、第一編 践祚ノ式にある剣璽渡御ノ儀(けんじとぎょのぎ)にあたる国事行為たる儀式である。
- The above ceremony is equivalent to the ceremony called 'Kenji to gyo no gi' (the Ceremony of succession of the Sacred Sword, Jewel, and other treasures.), Volume 1 of the ceremony for accession to the throne of former Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne (No.1 of Imperial Family Regulations in Meiji 42) and 附式, and it is the ceremony of the emperor's constitutional functions.
- 武田氏関係文書の特徴として、文書の多くは戦国期に武田氏の拡大領国が確立した信玄・勝頼期に集中し、信虎期以前のものが極端に少ないことが指摘されている。
- Concerning the characteristics of the documents related to the Takeda clan, it is pointed out that while many documents written during the Shingen/Katsuyori era, the era after the Takeda clan established its wide territory, are existing, the number of those written during Nobutora era or before is quite small.
- 日本では皇極天皇が弟の孝徳天皇に皇位を譲った例を最古とし、89例(※)の退位が存在する(なお、後小松天皇は南北朝合一によって2度譲位を受けている)。
- In Japan, the oldest example is that of the Emperor Kogyoku handing down the Imperial Throne to his younger brother, the Emperor Kotoku, and there exist 89 examples (*) of abdication (because of the unification of the Southern and Northern Courts the throne was passed down to the Emperor Gokomatsu twice).
- このため、カロリーが極めて低い食品(100gあたり5-7kcal)の一つとされ、摂取カロリーを制限する必要のある場合の食品素材として多く利用される。
- For this reason glucomannan, one of the lowest calorie foods (5 to 7 kcal per 100g), is often used as a raw food material in case of necessity to control the calorie intake.
- ジャパンフットボールリーグ時代は西京極以外に京都市宝が池公園運動施設球技場や京都府立山城総合運動公園、皇子山陸上競技場でもホームゲームを行っていた。
- In the Japan Football League days, the club played home games not only in Nishikyogoku but also in Takaragaike Park Ball Game Ground, Kyoto Prefectural Yamashiro Comprehensive Sports Park and Ojiyama Athletic Stadium.
- しかし、クマリンは肝毒性があり、食品添加物としては認められていない物質なので、桜の塩蔵葉が美味とはいえ、極端に摂食しすぎることには注意が必要である。
- However, as coumarin is hepatotoxic and not recognized as a food additive, care should be taken not to consume excess quantities of these salted leaves despite their delicious taste.
- 国技館では昨今の観客数の減少に歯止めをかける改革の一環として、特別限定チケット「二人枡」を試験的に導入したが、その数はまだ極めて少数に止まっている。
- As part of an initiative aiming to put the brakes on declining audience figures, the Japan Sumo Association introduced 'masuseki for two' as an experiment by selling special limited tickets for the tournament at Ryogoku Kokugikan, however, this has not proved popular.
- 明治時代に建築史家、関野貞が田んぼの中にある小高い芝地が大極殿(第二次)の基壇であることを発見、1907年『平城京及大内裏考』を奈良新聞に発表した。
- During the Meiji period, an architectural historian Tadashi SEKINO discovered a grassy mound in the rice paddies to be a stylobate for Daigokuden (the Imperial Audience Hall) (latter), and published 'Heijo-kyo oyobi dai-dairi ko' (A Study of Heijo-kyo and Dai-dairi) in Nara Newspaper in 1907.
- その背景については、律令制の弛緩による有力者からの圧迫もあるが、弘仁年間が極度の農業不振の時期であったことが『日本後紀』などから明らかになっている。
- As for its context, other than the pressures from persons of influence as a result of laxity in the Ritsuryo system, it was the time of slump in agriculture during the Konin era, as was evident from 'Nihon Koki' ('Later Chronicle of Japan') and so on.
- 日本では、唐の脅威にさらされた7世紀後期、国力の充実強化を目的として、律令の概念が積極的に受容され、まず先駆的な律令として飛鳥浄御原令が制定された。
- In Japan, the concept of Ritsuryo was actively adopted in order to reinforce and substantiate national power against the threat of the Tang during the late seventh century, and Asuka Kiyomihara Ryo was first established as the pioneer of Ritsuryo.
- 当初、日本が朝鮮の独立を尊重するならば日本が中国を占領してもよいと考えたが、セルゲイ・ヴィッテの登場により極東に艦隊を派遣するなど干渉に乗り出した。
- Originally, Russia took the view that if Japan respected the independence of Korea, Russia would not contend the occupation of China by Japan, but Sergei Yul'jevich Witte changed the policy and Russia began interfering with Japan's affairs by deploying fleets in the Far East.
- その昔、道元の弟子の1人・大徹禅師がこの寺を開いた際、山の神と龍神が協力して神火を寺に献じることになったといわれるもので、極めて稀なものとされている。
- Once upon a time when Daitetsu Zenji, one of Dogen's disciples, opened this temple, Yamanokami (God of the Mountain) and dragon god are said to collaborate to dedicate a sacred flame to the temple, which is regarded as a very rare thing.
- このうち江北にある高島、伊香、浅井、坂田、犬上、愛智の六郡と京都の京極高辻の館を継いだ四男の佐々木氏信を祖とする一族が、後に京極氏と呼ばれる様になる。
- The family whose original forefather is Ujinobu SASAKI who was the forth son and inherited six counties of Takashima, Ika, Azai, Sakata, Inugami and Aichi in Gohoku, north of lake, and Takatsuji KYOGOKU's mansion in Kyoto was later called the Kyogoku clan.
- 二人はそれまでの慣例を破って武智鉄二の演出した新劇や歌舞伎に出演するなど、積極的に他芸と交わっていったため、能楽協会から退会勧告を受けたこともあった。
- They broke an old custom and performed in a new type of drama, Shingeki, directed by Tetsuji TAKECHI, or Kabuki and positively interacted with other arts, for which they were once urged to leave the Noh Association.
- 山背大兄王(やましろのおおえのおう、生年不詳 - 皇極天皇2年11月11日 (旧暦)(643年12月30日))は、『日本書紀』によれば7世紀前半の皇族。
- Prince Yamashiro no oe (year of birth unknown - December 30, 643) was a member of the Imperial family in the early seventh century according to 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan).
- 今日の茶漬けの直接の始祖は、当時商家に奉公していた使用人(奉公人)らがその仕事の合間に食事を極めて迅速に済ませる為に、とった食事法であるといわれている。
- Chazuke is said to have been invented by employees of merchant businesses of those days who tried to finish meals as quickly as possible during short breaks from their work.
- 特に、天台教学を引継いだ日蓮宗各派でも、この十如是を始として十界互具、そして一念三千を仏法の極理としているため、この十如是を様々な角度から検証している。
- In particular, each school of the Nichiren sects which succeeded the Tendai doctrine has studied the junyoze from every angle because they use jukkaigogu (mutual containment of the ten realms) and ichinen sanzen (the three thousand realms contained in one mind) as the fundamental doctrine of the Buddhism based on the Junyoze.
- 高度経済成長による日本人の生活様式の変化に伴い、伝統的な民家が急速に姿を消し始めた1960年代から民家の重要文化財指定が積極的に推進されるようになった。
- Commensurate with high economic growth, the Japanese lifestyle has changed; when traditional private houses began rapidly disappearing in the 1960s, the designation of private houses as important cultural properties was accelerated.
- しかし、そんな中でも舞台の監修(監督)を積極的に行い、後進の中村雀右衛門 (4代目)、坂東玉三郎 (5代目)、中村福助 (9代目)らに指導を行っている。
- However, he actively supervised (directed) plays in the meantime and instructed the younger Jakuemon NAKAMURA IV, Tamasaburo BANDO V, and Fukusuke NAKAMURA IX.
- 本来砂糖は湿気を嫌う事から、金平糖自体の水分含有量は極めて低くなるように作られているが、近年ではボンボン菓子のように焼酎を含む物も開発・発売されている。
- Since sugar is not tolerant of humidity by nature, konpeito is made by the process to ensure extremely low moisture content but, in recent years, the shochu (distilled spirit) injected konpeito like bonbons has been developed and sold.
- ただしこの頃にはまだ長くても160cm程度のものが多く、また材質が木材である事から完全な形で発掘される事は極めて難しく、当時の弓の全体像は解っていない。
- However, at that time the bow had the length of about 160 cm at longest, and the complete bow is very hard to be excavated due to the material being the wood, and is not known completely.
- しかし、石川の作品群は地歌手事物の頂点を極めたと言ってもよく、地歌のみならずあらゆる三味線音楽を通じ第一級の作品として、現代でも高い評価を失っていない。
- However, it is right to say that the works of ISHIKAWA were the pinnacle of jiuta tegotomono and as the first-class works not only in jiuta but in shamisen music, even now they have never lost a high evaluation.
- 被差別部落の解消が幕末期から明治初期にかけて行われた上、本来なら天皇制と相容れないはずの解放政策が尊皇論と共存していたという極めて特殊な事例ではあった。
- It was an extremely special case that the buraku (hamlet)-elimination policy was put into effect from the end of Edo period through the early Meiji period and sonnoron (the thought respecting the Emperors) coexisted with the buraku-liberation policy that was supposed be incompatible with Emperor system.
- 文人のアマチュアリズムとはこのように余技として行ったことを起点としており、生活の糧のため(職業)とされることを「俗」であるとして極端に嫌う風潮が生じた。
- In this way, the amateurism of Bunjin originated in the fact that they pursued these pastime activities as avocation, which led to a tendency of excessively disliking them to be seen as means of living (occupation) as it appeared 'secular.'
- 他方、ヒゲクジラ類については比較的有害物質の含有濃度は低く、特に南極海で捕獲されたものに関してはほとんど蓄積が無いことから、特段の制限は設けられていない。
- On the other hand, concerning baleen whales, no specific restrictions are imposed, because relatively small amounts of harmful substances are accumulated in these whales and in particular, almost no harmful substances are accumulated in the whale caught in the Antarctic ocean.
- 欽明以後、中国の制度・文化の摂取が積極的に行われるようになっていき、7世紀初頭には冠位制度の導入など、天皇家を中心とした政府が形成され始めることとなった。
- After Emperor Kinmei, the systems and cultures of China had begun to be assimilated actively, and in the beginning of 7th century, like the assimilation of kani system (system indicating court ranks by headgear colors), the government with the Imperial Family in the center had begun to be formed.
- だが、蘇我氏の実権が蝦夷の息子の蘇我入鹿に移ると、入鹿はより蘇我氏の意のままになると見られた古人大兄皇子の擁立を企て、その中継ぎとして皇極天皇を擁立した。
- However, when the power in the Soga clan transferred to SOGA no Iruka, son of Emishi, Iruka planned to enthrone Furuhito no Oe no Miko, who Iruka could control at his will, and Iruka put up Empress Kogyoku as a interim successor.
- 当麻曼荼羅が、観無量寿経に基づいて画面を4分割する複雑な画面構成をとるのに対して、智光曼荼羅は極めてシンプルな浄土図のみの図様をとっているのが特徴である。
- While the Taima Mandara has the complex composition formed of four sections based on Kanmuryoju-kyo (one of the scriptures of Mahayana Buddhism), Chiko Mandala has the extremly simple design representing only Jodo (Pure Land).
- 初期の書院造りの特徴は、接客対面の儀式の場としての書院を、権力の象徴として、襖障子と張り付け壁を連続させて、その全面を金地極彩色の金碧障壁画で飾り立てた。
- The characteristic of Shoin-zukuri style in the early stages was that fusuma-shoji and haritsuke kabe of shoin as the place for a ceremony to meet visitors were placed side by side and the whole surface was decorated with kinpeki-shohekiga of brilliant coloring on a golden ground as a symbol of power.
- Jリーグディビジョン2・第34節が8月16日木曜日に開催されたが、サンガ-コンサドーレ札幌戦(西京極)に限っては17時20分キックオフの薄暮開催となった。
- The 34th section of the J. League Division 2 was held on August 16 Thursday, but only the game (in Nishikyogoku) between Sanga and Consadole Sapporo kicked off at 17:20, starting at twilight.
- 当時は本来のホームスタジアムである西京極が芝生の張替え工事のために使用できなかったため、やむを得ずガンバの許可を得て万博で開催することになったものである。
- At that time the team was not able to use its official home stadium Nishikyogoku because re-laying work on the pitch was in progress, and therefore, it hosted the game in Expo '70 Stadium with the permission of Gamba.
- しかし、美味しい寿司が握れる職人になるには、市場で生鮮魚類を見極める力や、多様な魚の旬を知って脂が乗る時季は薄く切る、などの知識や経験、技術が必要である。
- However, to become a sushi chef who makes good sushi, an ability to distinguish fresh fish at a market, knowledge, experiences and techniques such as slicing fish more thinly when fish are fatty based on the knowledge about season of various kinds of fish, and so on are required.
- しかし、同法制定当時の制度では「現状のまま放置し、国が保護しなければ衰亡のおそれのあるもの」を選定無形文化財として選定するという、消極的保護施策であった。
- However, it was a passive protection measure, because under the law, something had to be in danger of extinction without government's protection in order to be selected as an an intangible cultural property.
- 女院号は始め北朝 側より礼成門院(れいせいもんいん)と称されるが、のちにそれは廃され、死後に改めて南朝 側より後京極院(ごきょうごくいん)の号を追贈された。
- Her Nyoin go title (nyoin go - a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing) was initially named Reiseimonin from the Northern Court, but later on it was abolished, after she died her title was renamed Gokyogokuin from the Southern Court.
- しかし、鮒の包み焼きが近江の名物であったことや、話の最後に登場する高階氏が高市皇子の後裔であることから、スパイ説は後世の人間による創作の可能性が極めて高い。
- However, there is a strong possibility that the above espionage theory was made up in later ages in view of the facts that the stuffed and baked crucian carp was a local specialty of Omi Province and that the Takashina clan which appeared at the end of the anecdote was a descendant of Prince Takechi (Takechi no Miko).
- また、六位蔵人は地下人であっても昇殿が許され、その中でもっとも上位である極臈を1代で3度務めるか、3代連続で務めた家は堂上家となる例があったが実例は少ない。
- Yet, although chamberlains of Rokui (Sixth Rank) were low-ranking court officials called Jigenin, they were permitted to enter the Hall; besides, there were cases--though few cases--when a chamberlain of Rokui served as the highest ranked chamberlain called 'gokuro' three times in his lifetime, or the family of the chamberlain of Rokui produced the highest ranked chamberlain for three successive generations, they were raised to Toshoke.
- 臨終の時に大乗十二部経の経題を聞いて、1000劫の極重悪業を除き、また阿弥陀の名号を唱えると50億劫の生死の罪業を滅除し、化仏の来迎を受けて浄土へ往生する。
- At the time of death, they listen to Kyodai (title of Buddhist scriptures) of Mahayana Buddhism Junibu-kyo (the Twelve Divisions of Scriptures) to expiate their 1000 heinous crimes and call upon myogo (name) of Amida to be granted pardon for their 500 million atrocious crimes, and then, meet Kebutsu (incarnation of Buddha) and go to the Pure Land.
- 襖障子は、表面仕上げに鳥の子紙を貼り、その上に金箔を貼りその上から極彩色の岩絵の具で絵柄を描くか、鳥の子の地肌に直接彩色あるいは墨で絵を描いたものを指した。
- Fusuma-shoji referred to shoji on which torinoko paper was pasted for finishing the surface, patterns were drawn by richly colored mineral paints on an applied gold foil over it or the pictures were drawn in colors or with Sumi directly on the surface of the torinoko paper.
- その一方で、火種・火縄を常に持ち歩く携帯性の悪さや失火の危険、夜戦で敵にこちらの位置を教えることになる、雨天に極端に弱い等、改善すべき弱点はまだ数多かった。
- On the other hand, there were many weak points to be improved, such as poor portability where live coals and matches must be always carried, danger of an accidental fire, extreme vulnerability to rainy weather and so on, and in night battles the enemy could easily see the position of the shooter.
- 昭和20年(1945年)のポツダム宣言受諾を決めた御前会議を除き、天皇は通常積極的な発言を行わなかったが、会議での決定には「聖断」としての権威が付与された。
- Except during the Gozenkaigi in 1945 for the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration, the emperor basically remained silent, but still, decisions of the emperor at Gozenkaigi were treated as a 'Imperial decision.'
- その他、8世紀頃に唐周辺に見られた諸国(渤海 (国)や吐蕃王朝)は、自前の律令は制定しなかったが、唐律令制を積極的に受容・改変し、独自の律令制を立てていた。
- Moreover, the neighbouring countries that existed around Tang during the eighth century (ex. Balhae or Tibetan Empire), did not enact Luli that they created from scratch, but positively adapted and altered the Tang Luli to make the Luli System of their own.
- 当時海外布教を積極的におこなっていたのはキリスト教のなかでもカトリック教会であり、プロテスタント国であったオランダにはその必要がなかったという側面もあった。
- Another reason for the permission was the fact that it was Catholic Christians that ardently conducted overseas missionary work during those days, so the Bakufu could not find a necessity to oust the Protestant Dutch.
- 平氏は、清盛が天台座主・明雲を導師として出家するなど延暦寺と友好的であり、重盛は積極的に動こうとしなかったため、後白河は延暦寺の圧力に屈して成親流罪を認める。
- Goshirakawa accepted the banishment of Narichika because of political pressure from the Enryaku-ji Temple, since the Taira clan was friendly with Enryaku-ji Temple, Kiyomori became a priest under the supervision of the head priest of the Tendai sect, Myoun, or Shigemori did not act spontaneously on this matter.
- この技術の開発により、あまり技術のない人でもやり方さえ覚えれば模写が出来るようになり、技法を極めれば真筆と見まがうような模写を行うことも可能になったのである。
- The development of this technique allowed even people with poor skills to copy calligraphy once they knew how to do it, and made it possible for those who mastered the skill to make a copy just like the original handwriting.
- 7世紀末に建設された藤原京では、大極殿などの宮殿は瓦葺きで建てられていることが考古学的に確認されていることから、初めて寺院以外で瓦が使用されたとみられている。
- It has been archaeologically proved that the roofs of the palaces such as Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) were covered with Kawara tiles in the Fujiwara Capital, which was constructed at the end of the 7th century, therefore it is believed that Kawara was first used for the buildings other than temples at that time.
- 厩戸王子には超能力を持っているとでもしなければ説明できないような逸話が『聖徳太子伝暦』などに残っており、これはこうした伝承・伝説を積極的に採用したものである。
- Concerning Prince Umayado, there are anecdotes, which can't be explained without the idea that Prince Umayado had supernatural power, written in historical documents such as 'Shotokutaishi-Denryaku (biography of Shotokutaishi)', and these traditions and legends are positively adopted in this manga.
- 主な流派としては極真空手を源流とする佐藤塾や安藤昇の小説『東海の殺人拳』のモデルとして知られる空手家・水谷征夫とアントニオ猪木が創設した寛水流空手などがある。
- Representative circles include Sato Juku, which can be traced back to Kyokushin karate; and Kansuiryu Karate founded by Antonio INOKI and Yukio MIZUTANI, a karate expert known for serving as the prototype of a character in 'Killer Martial Art in Tokai,' a novel authored by Noboru SATO.
- 1950年代から盛平の弟子たちが積極的に海外普及に努めた結果、欧州・北南米・東南アジアなど国際的に広まり、合気会だけで現在約80ヶ国に支部道場を開設している。
- As a result of the efforts by Morihei's disciples (beginning in the 1950s) to spread it abroad, it spread globally to Europe, the Americas, Southeast Asia, etc., and Aikikai alone has branch training halls in about 80 countries.
- 旧皇族は世間の注目を避けて静かに生活してきた者がほとんどだったが、最近では、竹田恒泰のように積極的に著作や講演などで活躍し、マスメディアに登場している者もいる。
- Most of the former members of the Imperial Family maintained a quiet life by avoiding public attention; there were some, however, who appeared in the media, such as Tsuneyasu TAKEDA who wrote books and gave public lectures.
- 国立劇場開場後は積極的に埋もれた古典の復活上演を行い、歌舞伎十八番の『象引』『七つ面』『解脱』『関羽』『不動』や初代桜田治助作『御摂勧進帳』などで話題を集めた。
- After the National Kabuki Theater opened, he was active in restoring performances of Japanese classics which had fallen into obscurity, and drew attention for his performances of Kabuki 'juhachi ban' repertoire including 'Zohiki,' 'Nanatsumen,' 'Gedatsu,' 'Kan-u,' 'Fudo' and 'Gohiiki Kanjincho' by Jisuke SAKURADA (I).
- 高秀の嫡子である京極高詮は、父のから継いだ飛騨の守護職に加え、明徳2年(1391年)に山名氏が蜂起した明徳の乱での活躍により出雲国と隠岐国の守護職も任ぜられる。
- Takahide's heir Takaakira KYOGOKU was appointed not only to the position of Shugo (military governor) of Hida Province that he inherited from his father but also to the position of Shugo (military governor) of Izumo Province and Oki Province because of his contributions to the Meitoku War wherein the Yamana clan raised an army in 1391, were recognized.
- 「この過去の歴史をその後の時代とともに正しく理解しようと努めることは日本人自身にとって、また日本人が世界の人々と交わっていく上にも極めて大切なことと思います。」
- I believe that trying to understand correctly the past history along with that of the postwar period is extremely important for the Japanese, which is also quite essential when the Japanese aim to be a member of global society.'
- 圧縮しない焼き方の理由として圧縮した場合、空気や水分を押し出し、かえって熱の伝わり方が悪くなり、味や食感を損なうので、極力避けることが望ましいためとされている。
- The reason why they grill it without pressing is that if it is pressed, the air or water will exude, heat conduction worsens, the taste or textures spoiled and so, it is desirable not to press it when possible.
- 自ら年一百五十歳なりとて諸国を歴渉し、遍く周らざる靡(な)く、而して此の寺精麗にして閻浮所(諸仏の国)にも無い也、極物・境界にも亦(ま)た未だ有らざると云えり。
- Mizukara toshi hyakugojussai nari tote shokoku wo rekishoshi, amaneku mawarazarunaku, shikashite kono tera seirei ni shite kakufusho (land of deities) nimo nainari, gokubutsu/kyokai nimo mata imada arazaru to ieri.
- 山伏を中心とする天狗の信仰は、民間の仏教と、古代から続く山の神秘観山岳信仰に結びついたもので、極めて豊富な天狗についての伝説は山岳信仰の深さを物語るものである。
- Worship of the Tengu, mainly among Yamabushi monks, is connected with local Buddhism, as well as with the mysteriousness of mountains and mountain worship, and various legends of Tengu explain the depth of mountain worship.
- 日本の便器メーカーは海外でも積極的に販売を行っており、最も日本のメーカーの便器が販売される国は中華人民共和国であり、TOTOだけで毎年100万台以上販売される。
- Japanese toilet basin manufacturers are aggressively conducting sales also in the foreign countries and the country where Japanese manufacturers' toilet basins sell the most is the People's Republic of China, and sales by TOTO LTD. total more than one million units every year.
- 平城朝においては観察使制度の設置等政治改革に積極的に取り組み、嵯峨朝を経て旅子を母とする淳和天皇が即位するとその外伯父として累進し、右大臣ついで左大臣に至った。
- During the Emperor Heizei era, FUJIWARA no Otsugu worked on political reforms, including establishment of the system of inspecting local governments, and rose to higher positions during the era of Emperor Junna (emperor after Saga) as uncle of Emperor (mother of Emperor Junna was FUJIWARA no Tabiko, sister of Otsugu), eventually was appointed to Udaijin (Minister of the Right) and Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) in a row.
- だが、当時は農業生産が極度の不振(『日本後紀』によれば、817年より7年連続で干害などの被害を受けたとされている)にあり、その結果として当時財政難は深刻であった。
- However, agricultural production was in a slump at that time (according to 'Nihon Koki' there were seven consecutive years of draught damage, beginning in 817), and due to this situation there was the problem of serious financial difficulty.
- また同漫画をはじめとする水木の妖怪画では、その名の通り和服姿の老婆として描かれているが、妖怪研究家・京極夏彦によれば佐渡島の郷土芸能・鬼太鼓の面がモデルとされる。
- In MIZUKI's pictures of specters including the above-mentioned comic, Sunakake-babaa is depicted as an old woman wearing traditional Japanese clothing as suggested by the name, but according to Natsuhiko KYOGOKU, a scholar of specters, the appearance is based on a mask used in a local performing art of Sadoga-shima Island called ondeko.
- 極楽亭プロジェクトとは、過去に放送された落語演芸の音源等を収集、鑑定、保存し、将来的には「寄席演芸の『音の博物館』」を目指しているとされているプロジェクトである。
- The Gokuraku-tei Project is a project that collects, appraises, and conserves media recordings of rakugo performances (aired in the past on the radio and other formats), and this project aims to establish a 'Sound Museum' in the vaudeville world in the future.
- 高次の弟である京極高知は当初から秀吉に仕え、天正19年(1591年)に近江国蒲生郡五千石、文禄2年(1593年)に信濃国伊那郡六万石、翌年には十万石に加増される。
- Takatsugu's younger brother Takatomo KYOGOKU served Hideyoshi from the beginning, and his koku was increased to 5,000 koku of Gamo County in Omi Province in 1591, 60,000 koku of Ina County in Shinano Province in 1593, and 100,000 koku the following year.
- 在位4年目(645年)に中大兄皇子が蘇我蝦夷・入鹿親子を滅ぼす(乙巳の変・大化の改新)と、皇極天皇は同母弟の軽皇子(後の孝徳天皇)に皇位を譲った(史上初の譲位)。
- In the fourth year of her reign (645), Naka no Oe no Oji killed SOGA no Emishi and his son Iruka (Isshi no hen [the Murder in the Year of Isshi], Taika no Kaishin [Great Reformation of the Taika Era]) and Empress Kogyoku handed the Imperial throne over to Prince Karu, her younger maternal half-brother (later, Emperor Kotoku) (this was the first abdication of the throne in history).
- キャラクターとしても積極的に利用しており、サッカーの愛媛FCのキャラクターはミカンをモチーフとしたデザインであり、ユニフォームのシンボルカラーもオレンジ色である。
- The mikan is often used as a character, or for motifs, the mascot character of the soccer team Ehime FC is a mikan and their symbolic color of their uniform is orange.
- 後に江戸時代には、的屋(まとや)が営む懸け物(賭け事)の射的遊技として庶民に楽しまれ、江戸時代の後期には、隆盛を極め、好ましくない風俗の側面まで持つようになった。
- Later, during the Edo period it was enjoyed by common people as a target practicing game for gambling managed by matoya, and flourished during the latter part of the Edo period even as an undesirable aspect of entertainment and amusement.
- 自らの存在を否定することになる日本国憲法の審議では、下手に否決して天皇制廃止論を連合国に持ち出される事態を恐れたため、次善の策として消極的な賛成論が大勢を占めた。
- At the discussion on the Constitution of Japan, which eventually meant the loss of their existence, Kizokuin were worried that the Allies might promote abolishing the Emperor system and to counter this, most of the councilors reluctantly agreed with the Constitution.
- このため、天皇の和歌の師で一番の側近であった京極為兼が二度も流刑となっているのは、天皇が反幕府的な動きを取った事に対する見せしめではないかという説も唱えられている。
- Thus there is a theory that the reason the Emperor's poet teacher and closest aide, Tamekane KYOGOKU, was exiled twice was because the Kamakura bakufu wanted to send a warning to the Emperor in response to his actions against them.
- なお、天明5年(1785年)に津久井尚重の著した『南朝(皇胤)紹運録』(『南朝編年記略』の付録)は全くの別系図で、南朝史料としての価値も極めて薄弱な俗書に過ぎない。
- 'Nancho (Koin) Joun roku' (a supplement of 'Nancho Hennenkiryaku') written by Naoshige TSUKUI in 1785 is a totally different genealogy and just a vulgar book whose value as a historical data for Nancho (Southern Court) is extremely low.
- しかし、このように極めて完成度の高い曲目ばかり演じていては、能という芸能から活力が失われるのではないかとの懸念もあり、明治以降も新しい曲目が書かれ、上演されている。
- However, there was also anxiety that a performing art, Noh would lose its vitality when only songs each having a very high degree of perfection were played as in those days, and, therefore, new songs were written and played in and after Meiji period.
- また、弟子には積極的に浮世絵以外の絵を学ばせたため、鏑木清方のように多くの門流が挿絵画家や、日本画家として大成し、浮世絵の伝統は他のジャンルへと受け継がれていった。
- As he positively encouraged his disciples to learn about other categories of the pictorial art, many disciples achieved greatness as illustrators and Japanese-style painters, such as Kiyokata KABURAKI; thus the tradition of Ukiyoe came down to other genres.
- 絹篩は、杉などの薄板を円形状に丸めた木枠に、目の粗い絹布か寒冷紗(粗くて硬い極めて薄い綿布)を張ったもので、これに絵具を刷毛で塗り、版木に軽く押しつけて顔料を移す。
- A silk sieve is made with a circular wooden frame rolled up a thin board of cedar, a coarse-meshed silk cloth or lawn (a rough, hard and very thin cotton cloth) is spread on the frame, paint is applied using a brush and then the pigments are transferred by pressing the sieve against the printing block.
- 流儀を宣伝することがないので、極端な例では親族の葬儀に参列してはじめて「なにやら一族の武術があって、亡くなった人はその継承者だった」ことを知るなどの事例も聞かれる。
- There is a case where because such a small school never advertised its style, to give an extreme example, it was not until someone attended the funeral of a relative of his or hers that he or she knew 'the family had kept the secret of some bujutsu and the departed was the successor of it.'
- 以降、米国内における缶コーヒー『Starbucks DoubleShot』の発売(2002)や、加温可能な自社ブランドの自動販売機導入など積極的な市場展開を進める。
- After that, it actively developed the market by putting on the US market canned coffee, 'Starbucks Double Shot' (2002) and by introducing heating vending machines for its own brand products.
- 日本文化は有史以来、中国文化圏に属し輸入文化・翻訳文化の側面を持ち、積極的に外国の文化を摂取し、これを在来の文化と融合して日本化することで独自の文化を形成してきた。
- Since recorded history, the Japanese culture which has belonged to Chinese culture has had aspects of imported culture and translated culture, and has actively ingested foreign cultures, and Japan has formed its original culture by fusing such foreign cultures with conventional culture, and Japanizing fused cultures.
- 薩軍主力が北方に転戦したため鎮台の守城負担は幾分減ったとはいえ、開戦前の出火で失った糧食の補充が充分でないため糧食不足に苦しみ、極力消費を抑えることでしのいでいた。
- After the main force of the Satsuma army was transferred to north, a burden on the garrison in defending the castle was reduced; however, since the provisions that lost in the fire before the battle had not been made up enough, the garrison had a problem of food shortage and had to stretch the food out by reducing the consumption as much as possible.
- 伏見天皇の政治は皮肉にも政敵である亀山上皇の政策を踏襲したものであり、朝廷における訴訟機構の刷新や記録荘園券契所の充実などにより政治的権威の回復に積極的に取り組んだ。
- Emperor Fushimi's politic ironically followed his opposition, the retired Emperor Kameyama; he worked actively to restore the authority of the Imperial Palace by reforming the court institution of the palace or establishing Kiroku Shoen Ken kei sho (an office established in the Heian period to prevent having municipa manor)
- 854年(斉衡元年)に大極殿での最勝会講師、857年(天安 (日本)元年)に御前論議座主をつとめ、864年(貞観6年)には権律師に任じられ、その後律師に昇任している。
- In 854, he served as an instructor in a religious service Saishoe held at the Council Hall in the Imperial Palace, in 857, served as the head priest at the Buddhist ceremony in the imperial presence 'Gozen Rongi', and in 864, he was appointed as Gonrisshi, an administrative position, and later promoted to a higher position Risshi.
- 三山はそれぞれ、本宮は西方極楽浄土、新宮は東方浄瑠璃浄土、那智は南方補陀落浄土の地であると考えられ、平安時代以降には熊野全体が浄土の地であるとみなされるようになった。
- Among the three shrines, Hongu is thought to be Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (The Western Pure Land), Shingu to be Toho Joruri Jodo (the Eastern Pure Land), and Nachi to be Nanpo Hodaraku Jodo (the Southern Pure Land) respectively, and the entire area of Kumano became to be regarded as a pure land in and after the Heian period.
- 例として、天然理心流の剣術では、まず切紙、次いで目録、中極意、免許、指南免許という順番であり、各段階で形の目録や流儀の秘訣、流儀の由来などが書かれた伝書が与えられた。
- For example, in the case of kenjutsu of Tennenrishin-ryu school, first Kirigami was issued, and then Mokuroku, Chu-gokui, Menkyo, and Shinan-menkyo were issued in order, and at every grade the densho was given in which the catalog of the forms, the secret methods of the style, the origin of the style and so on were written.
- Jリーグ2ndステージ・第5節の日程が8月16日土曜日に組まれたが、サンガ-横浜マリノス戦に限っては1日早く8月15日金曜日(西京極・19時キックオフ)に開催された。
- The 5th section of the J. League 2nd Stage was scheduled for August 16 Saturday, but only the game between Sanga and Yokohama Marinos was carried out a day earlier on August 15 Friday (kicked off at 19:00 in Nishikyogoku).
- しかし、小柄は日用の刃物として用いる片刃のナイフ、笄は髪などを整えるヘラであり、手裏剣のように重心調整がなされていないため打剣するのは極めて難しく強度にも問題がある。
- However, a kozuka is a single-edged knife for daily use, and a kogai is a spatula for fixing hair, and it is extremely difficult to throw them as a shuriken since the center of gravity is unadjusted and its strength is inadequate.
- そのような状況下で、消極論者の右大臣岩倉具視を擁しながら、漸進的な伊藤博文・井上馨(長州閥)とやや急進的な大隈重信(参議・大蔵卿・肥前藩出身)を中心に運営されていた。
- Under the condition, the dispute regarding introduction of constitutional government system was led by Tomomi IWAKURA, Minister of the Right, who was in a passive attitude, Hirobumi ITO and Kaoru INOUE, who aimed gradual introduction (Choshu clique), and Shigenobu OKUMA (Sangi, Okura-kyo [Minister of the Treasury], from Hizen Domain), who aimed earlier introduction.
- 当時は天智天皇のもとで政治体制の近代化が進められ、中国の諸制度の積極的な導入が行われており、その根幹となる律令(近江令)が当然に定められたはずと見るのが存在説である。
- People who believe that the code did exist consider that modernization of the government, which had been promoted at that time under the Emperor Tenchi through active introduction of rules and systems from China, would have required a Ritsuryo code (Omi-Ryo) to be enacted as the basis of it.
- 和議による一部浪人の解雇によりこの時の豊臣家の戦力は7万8千に減少し、さらに丸裸にされた大坂城では籠城戦は不利と判断したとされ、積極的に討って出る作戦を採用している。
- Judging from the reduced number of soldiers to 78,000 due to the peace treaty which forced to dismiss part of soldiers, and the defenseless Osaka-jo Castle stripped of moats, the Toyotomi Family decided that holding the castle was not to their advantage and instead they should take a strategy of fighting actively.
- 当時、宮家は伏見宮家、京極宮家、有栖川宮家と3家あり、この3家を継いだ場合を除き親王を名乗ることができず、その他の天皇家の子女はすべて出家されるという形になっていた。
- At this time, there were three Miyake (houses of an imperial prince), the Fushiminomiya family, the Kyogokunomiya family and the Arisugawanomiya family, and only the prince who succeeded the family could be the Imperial Prince, and the rest of princes and princesses had to become priest or priestess.
- しかし、安土桃山時代以降は、朝廷の極度の衰退により、世襲親王家の創設は朝廷外部からの経済的支援がなければ不可能になり、朝廷にとってむしろ歓迎すべき事態へと変わってゆく。
- However, after the Azuchi-Momoyama period, as the Imperial Palace weakened dramatically, the establishment of Seshu shinnoke (Hereditary family) became difficult without financial support from outside of the Imperial Palace, in fact the situation was changed to favorable the Palace.
- しかし町の中でも商店や職人を積極的に贔屓にするが、不文律の拘束は弱く、町鳶、町大工、町火消しなどの「町」を冠する職方には我々の町の、という誇りをこめたニュアンスがある。
- The shop owners and the workmen were strongly favored among the town communities; however, the unwritten law had less binding, implying that people took pride in their own workers with the prefix 'machi' in the occupational titles, such as machitobi, machidaiku, and machihikeshi.
- 皇子を憐れんで祖母・皇極天皇は皇子をとても可愛がったと日本書紀に記載されており、「萬歳千秋の後に、要ず朕が陵に合せ葬れ」と言い、自分が崩御した際一緒に合葬せよと命じた。
- According to the Nihonshoki, feeling pity towards the prince, his grandmother, the Empress Kogyoku, doted so fondly on him that she ordered at the time of her demise to bury him together with her, saying that 'even after a long period of time, be certain to bury him together with me in my tomb.'
- 「タラシヒコ」という称号は12代景行、13代成務、14代仲哀の3天皇が持ち、時代が下って7世紀前半に在位したことが確実な34代舒明、35代皇極の両天皇も同じ称号をもつ。
- Not only the twelfth Emperor Keiko, the thirteenth Emperor Seimu and the fourteenth Emperor Chuai, but also the thirty-fourth Emperor Jomei and the thirty-fifth Emperor Kogyoku, who really existed and were certainly on the throne in the early seventh century, had the title 'Tarashihiko.'
- しかしこれらの国における樹木などの燃料資源は限られ、難民などの形で一極集中が起きた際には、瞬く間に周囲の樹木が乱伐採され枯れ果てるなどの二次的な環境破壊も発生している。
- But these countries have limited fuel sources such as trees, and when the number of inhabitants in one area increases excessively due to refugees, and so on, secondary environmental devastation has occurred; the neighboring trees are cut down recklessly and die off over a short period of time, among other things.
- 弓射に於いて、ユガケの作りの善し悪しは行射の善し悪しに直接関わる極めて重要な要素であり、また、長年使い込まれ射手の手に馴染んだユガケはそう簡単に新調出来るものではない。
- In kyusha, the good or ill of making of a yugake is very important because it directly relates with the good or ill of shooting and the yugake which has long been used and fitted in the hand of a shooter can not be easily renewed.
- すでに朱雀門(1998年竣工)・宮内省地区・東院庭園地区の復原が完了しており、もっとも重要な建物である大極殿(第一次)の復原が2010年の完成を目指して進められている。
- Already restored are Suzaku-mon Gate (construction completed in 1998), the district of Kunaisho (Ministry of the Sovereign's Household), and the district of Toin Teien Garden, and Daigokuden (former), which is the most important building, is now being restored for completion in 2010.
- 東大寺は東京極大路に接した京域の東外にあり、聖武天皇によって752年に創建、西大寺 (奈良市)は右京の北方に位置し、称徳天皇により天平神護元年(765年)に創建された。
- Todai-ji Temple was constructed on the east side of East Kyogoku-oji Street by the order of Emperor Shomu in 752, while Saidai-ji Temple (located in Nara City) was constructed on the north side of Ukyo by the order of Emperor Shotoku in 765.
- だが、永禄3年(1560年)に浅井賢政の六角氏との断交を機に京極高吉が復権を画策して六角氏と結んで挙兵を企てるが失敗して江北を追われ、京極氏の江北支配は完全に幕を閉じた。
- However, Takayoshi raised an army being in alliance with the Rokkaku clan when Katamasa AZAI broke the relationship with the Rokkaku clan, but in vain, whereby Takayoshi was expelled from Gohoku, and the Gohoku control by the Kyogoku clan completely ended.
- 「タラシヒコ」という称号は12代景行、13代成務、14代仲哀の3天皇が持ち、ずっと下がって7世紀前半に在位したことの確実な34代舒明、35代皇極の両天皇も同じ称号をもつ。
- The title 'Tarashihiko' was used for the 12th Emperor Keiko, the 13th Emperor Seimu, the 14th Emperor Chuai, and after an interval, the 34th Emperor Jomei and the 35th Empress Kogyoku who surely existed in the early seventh century also had the same title.
- 東福門院の後水尾天皇入内をきっかけとして十二単の着用に関して研究が進められたが、その結果出来た物は以前の物とは異なり、裳の長さは極端に短くなり、床すれすれの長さであった。
- When Tofukumonin was sent to court to marry the Emperor Gomizunoo, research on the proper way to wear juni-hitoe was conducted, however, the costume newly made from the research was different from the traditional one and the length of mo became extremely short and the hem barely reached the floor.
- 保存武道・無形文化財的扱いであった弓道も、満州国建国10周年を記念した「日満交歓武道大会」に選手団を新京へ派遣(昭和17年(1942年)7月)するなど積極的に活動を行う。
- Kyudo, which was treated somewhat like a conserved martial art and an intangible cultural property, participated actively in activities such as the dispatch of players to Shinkyo (Xingjing) (July 1942) for the 'Japan-Manchuria Budo Championship,' celebrating the tenth anniversary of the founding of Manchukuo.
- また完全発酵させた純米酒には、ごく少量ではあるが醪造りの末期に酵母が極限状態に置かれることで発するヒスタミンなどの核酸が生成され、これらは味にふくらみを与えることになる。
- In completely fermented junmaishu, nucleic acids such as histamine are generated, though in very small quantity, which sake yeast generates by being placed in an extreme condition at the end of the process of producing moromi.
- 農産物の大凶作とともに製紙原料の楮(こうぞ)や雁皮(がんび)などの自生植物も採取が困難となり、特に鳥の子に用いる雁皮は栽培が不可能で、製紙業も原料入手難から困窮を極めた。
- Not only agricultural products but also wild plants such as kozo and ganpi that were the resources used to make paper, became difficult to collect, and because especially the ganpi used for torinoko was impossible to cultivate, paper manufacturing fell into extreme poverty because of the difficulty of obtaining materials.
- - 江戸時代に隆盛を極めた祭り文化により、市や縁日や温泉場で行われた弓矢や吹き矢の射的の的で、板でできた書割りで仕掛けが施してあり、当たった場所により的の書割りが動いた。
- Born in the festival culture that flourished in the Edo period, karakuri mato was a target for an arrow (or a blowgun dart), whose painted board had a device that made a comical movement when the archer shot it appropriately.
- 『吾妻鏡』の記述によれば、比企氏討伐も頼家の幽閉も政子の「仰」であったとされるし、事件の発端となった頼家死後の一幡と千幡の諸国守護の分掌も政子の積極的な関与が見て取れる。
- According to 'Azuma Kagami', Masako ordered the suppression of the Hiki clan and the confinement of Yoriie as well as she was actively involved in making Ichiman and Senman govern separate parts of the country as shugo after Yoriie's death, with which the incident started.
- ドイツの参加理由は、露仏の接近を妨害すること、ロシアの注意を東に向けて欧州における脅威を減らすこと、ドイツ自身の極東への野心、また皇帝が主張した黄禍論などに基づいている。
- The reasons why Germany joined the intervention was 1. to impede closer ties between Russia and France, 2. to divert Russia's attention from Europe to the Far East to lessen its threat to Europe, 3. to fulfill its own ambition in the Far East, and 4. to combat the 'yellow peril' claimed by the Emperor himself.
- 成立後総督府は台湾での鉄道建設を積極的に推進し、1908年には台湾南北を縦貫する西部幹線を完成させるなど、それまで数日を必要とした移動を1日で移動できる空間革命となった。
- Since the establishment, the Sotoku-fu actively promoted railway construction in Taiwan, and completed the western line in 1908, which, linking the north and west, reduced the travel time from several days to a single day.
- 浄瑠璃古浄瑠璃の独唱のあと幕浅黄幕が切って落とされると、極彩色の華麗な山門の屋根がそこにあり、金爛丹前に大百日鬘という出で立ちの五右衛門がその上で悠然と煙管を吹かしている。
- Following the solo of Joruri (dramatic narrative chanted to a samisen accompaniment), the whole Asagi-maku curtain (colored with sky-blue and white) drops to show the colorful, splendid roof of Sanmon on the stage, and on the roof, Goemon, wearing a kinran-tanzen (thick jacket with elaborate pattern sewed with gold threads) and an obyakunichi-katsura (manly wig with shaggy wisps in front), calmly smoking a pipe.
- 近年は、日本人寿司職人を擁する本格的、もしくは高級志向の日本食レストランと、日本人以外のアジア系移民が配置された安価で気軽な日本風レストランとに二極分化する傾向が見られる。
- Recently there is a bipolar tendency of authentic or high-end Japanese foods restaurants and cheap and easy Japanese-style restaurants, where Asian immigrants are positioned.
- 近衛大将・大臣を兼任し、最高は太政大臣まで昇進できる家(ただし、江戸時代には太政大臣の就任要件として摂政・関白経験者に限られたために、清華家は左大臣が事実上の極官となる)。
- The family concurrently served Konoe Taisho general and was thus promoted to grand minister of state (however, since the requirement for taking the position of grand minister of state in the Edo period was the person who had served as regent or chief advisor to the Emperor, the highest official rank the Seiga family could attain was that of minister of the left).
- 京極宮家仁親王(きょうごくのみや やかひとしんのう、宝永元年4月1日 (1704年5月4日) - 明和4年12月6日 (1768年1月25日))は江戸時代中期の日本の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Yakahito (May 4, 1704 - January 25, 1768) was a Japanese Imperial family member in the middle of the Edo period.
- 極端な場合は、「牛脂で焼いた肉を水と醤油で煮たもの(野菜やしらたきの類は入っていない)」や「肉じゃがのジャガイモ抜き」がすき焼きだ、と子供が思い込まされるケースも多々有る。
- In extreme cases, children are sometimes taught to understand sukiyaki to be 'a boiled dish of meat (after being grilled with grease from beef fat) in hot water and soy sauce (without vegetables and shirataki,)' or 'a dish of nikujaga (a sweet boiled dish of meat and potato) without the potato.'
- 四六駢儷体の4文字を重ねたものだが、すでにこの8文字の修辞技法に両雄の差異は明らかで、空海の文辞は大胆で極めて詩的な麗句であり、最澄のは生真面目で地味、謙抑そのものである。
- Although both sentences were written in repeated four letters of Shiroku Benreitai (a Chinese style of composition with alternating lines of four (shi) and six (roku) characters), there was a great difference between their rhetorical techniques (onomatopoeia) in the eight letters; Kukai wrote poetic and beautiful words in a bold manner, while Saicho wrote serious and plain words in a subdued way.
- 誰でも構わず身を売ることは「不見転(みずてん)」として戒められたが、第二次世界大戦後までこうした不見転はほぼどこの土地でも見られ、置屋も積極的にこれを勧めることが多かった。
- Selling one's body indiscriminately to anyone was referred to as being 'loose' and was warned against but up until World War II, these 'loose' geisha were seen in everywhere and it was common for okiya to actively encourage this practice.
- そのため光崎検校同様、複雑煩瑣に発達した当時の地歌音楽とは対極ともいえる、江戸前期の箏曲の形式である組歌の整合的構成、シンプルな技巧、気品高く雅びな雰囲気などを取り入れた。
- Therefore, like Mitsuzaki Kengyo, he also employed a consistent composition, a simple technique, and a noble and classic atmosphere of kumiuta, which was a form of sokyoku in the early Edo period, and an extreme opposite of jiuta music developed into complication at the time.
- これらのことから、発掘に当たった奈良国立文化財研究所は、同年1月19日に、和同開珎よりも古く、683年に鋳造されたものである可能性が極めて高いと発表し、大々的に報道された。
- Therefore Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties which had excavated them, announced on January 19 of the same year that it was older than Wado-kaichin and highly probable to have been casted in 683, which was publicized widely.
- この宴に相伴した大名は細川持之、畠山持永、山名持豊、一色教親、細川持常、大内持世、京極高数、山名熈貴、細川持春、赤松貞村で、義教の介入によって家督を相続した者たちであった。
- Daimyos (Japanese feudal lord) who accompanied Yoshinori to this feast (a drinking party) were Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA, Mochinaga HATAKEYAMA, Mochitoyo YAMANA, Norichika ISSHIKI, Mochitsune HOSOKAWA, Mochiyo OUCHI, Takakazu KYOGOKU, Hirotaka YAMANA, Mochiharu HOSOKAWA, and Sadamura AKAMATSU, all those who took over as head of the family through intervention by Yoshinori.
- また、地域の観光事業者としても、ガイドが有料になれば価格競争の激しい旅行会社のツアーから外される恐れがあるため、できれば無料若しくは極めて低廉であり続けてもらいたいと考える。
- In addition, if these guides were to charge fees, there is the fear that they may be withdrawn from tour itineraries in a market in which competitiveness is so dependent on price, so it is desirable that they remain free or very inexpensive.
- 財閥本社社長たる歴代吉左衛門の仕事は、究極的には財閥の事実上の最高権力者である住友本社(住友合資会社)総理事の信認に尽きるといってよく、個々の事業に口を差し挟む事はなかった。
- All the duties of the successive Kichizaemon as president of the zaibatsu (main company) are the repository of trust in the head of the directors of the main Sumitomo company (Sumitomo Limited Partnership Corporation); therefore, the successive Kichizaemon did not give any specific orders to the individual businesses.
- 日本書紀皇極天皇三年(644年)3月の項に、軽皇子が朝参しなかった時、その宮に侍泊した中臣鎌子に寵妃阿倍氏をつかわして世話をさせたとあり、寵妃阿倍氏は小足媛と考えられている。
- There is a description in the section of March, 644 of Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), which is the Prince Karu made his favorite mistress, of the Abe clan to look after NAKATOMI no Kamako, who stayed the palace when the Prince Karu did not go to the Imperial Court; it is believed that this favorite mistress, of the Abe clan was Otarashihime.
- 『記・紀』に載せる成務天皇の旧辞部分の記事は、他の天皇のそれに比して極端に文量が少なく、史実性には疑いが持たれているものの、実在を仮定すれば、その年代は4世紀半ばに当たるか。
- The description of the Emperor Seimu in Kyuji (mythical tradition) of the 'Kojiki and Nihonshoki' is far less than that of the other emperors, therefore, his historical existence is being suspected, but if he did exist, it might have been in the middle of the fourth century.
- 一方、既にプロシア式の憲法導入に積極的であった岩倉や井上毅と違い、政変後の伊藤個人は立憲体制導入の決意は固めていたものの、どの形態を採るかについてはまだ確信は得ていなかった。
- On the other hand, unlike Iwakura and Inoue, who advocated introduction of Prussia style constitution, even Ito had decided on introduction of constitutional government system, but he was still thinking about the style of the system even after the Meiji juyonen no seihen.
- 一方、大宝律令の施行から半世紀が経過して律令国家の定着していく中で、より日本の実情に合わせた律令制への再構築の一環として行われたとして積極的評価をする説(春名宏昭説)もある。
- On the contrary, there is also a study which positively evaluates the establishment of Yoro Ritsuryo Code, which says it provided a more suitable and reliable code which adapted to the actual conditions of Japan, through the process of revisions and amendments of Taiho Ritsuryo Code that had been in force for a half century since its enactment (the theory released by Hiroaki HARUNA).
- また、キリスト教の信徒が少数であるにもかかわらず、イベントとしてのクリスマス、バレンタインデー、教会結婚式、ハロウィン等の認知度は高く、企業も売上のために積極的に利用している。
- Although there are few Christians, Christmas, Valentine's Day, church wedding, Halloween, etc. are well known as events, and companies actively utilize these events to increase sales.
- また、原料となる酒米を調達する場合においても、大型機械を導入し大規模栽培が行えるような地理的条件に恵まれた地域(国)では、極めて有利な条件で日本酒の醸造を行うことが可能となる。
- In procuring sakamai as raw material, sake can be brewed with very favorable conditions in areas (countries) with favorable geographical conditions that allow large-scale cultivation using large machines.
- 「枯山水」という字が作庭の用語として最初に現れる文献は『作庭記』(『前栽秘抄』)で、藤原頼通の子・橘俊綱の編集とされる(『群書類従』の奥書によれば九条良経(京極良経)である)。
- The term 'karesansui (dry landscape)' first appeared as a term in garden design in 'Sakuteiki' (Garden Design Recording) (also called 'Senzaihisho' (The Secret Excerpt of Gardening)), however, according to the afterword of 'Gunshoruiju' edited by FUJIWARA no Yorimichi and TACHIBANA no Toshitsuna, the term first appeared in Yoshitsune KUJO (also called Yoshitsune KYOGOKU).
- 上記のように派生流派が多く、一見隆盛を極めているかのように見えるが、とくに傑出した能書家がない(一休宗純が茶道用の掛物として当流を使用しているのがわずかに目立つのみとされる)。
- As listed above, there are many schools of calligraphy derived from Sonen School, which may create an impression that the schools of Sonen School are flourishing; however, the schools were short of prominent calligraphers (the exception was the kakemono (a hanging scroll of calligraphy displayed in the teahouse) in this school were used for tea ceremony by Sojun IKKYU).
- 頼綱が有力御家人の安達泰盛を霜月騒動で滅ぼして恐怖政治を敷いたり、北条高時の時代に長崎高綱(円喜)・長崎高資父子が専横を極めたように、内管領には執権や得宗を凌駕する者も現れた。
- There appeared some Uchi-kanrei whose political power overshadowed the regents and the Tokuso family; for example, Yoritsuna destroyed Yasumori ADACHI, a senior vassal, in the Shimotsuki Incident and unleashed a reign of terror, or Takatsuna (Enki) NAGASAKI and his son Takasuke NAGASAKI ruled with tyranny in the time of Takatoki HOJO.
- また、12世紀以降の不入の権 (日本)を持つ荘園において、荘園内で完結する条里プランが存在したことも確認されており、官だけでなく民においても積極的に活用されていたことがわかる。
- In addition, it is confirmed that there existed plan of jori in shoen (manor in medieval Japan) with Funyu no ken (the right to keep the tax agents from entering the property) after the 12th century that is concluded within shoen, which indicates that the plan was actively utilized both by public and private organizations.
- 蘇我稲目(いなめ)・蘇我馬子(うまこ)・蘇我蝦夷(えみし)・蘇我入鹿(いるか)と蘇我氏が政治上重要な地位を占めた時代が645年(皇極天皇4年)の乙巳の変までの約半世紀間続いた。
- SOGA no Iname, SOGA no Umako, Soga no Emishi, and SOGA no Iruka, as four members representing the Soga clan, they continued to occupy important political positions until 'Isshi no hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi)' in '645', for approximately another half century.
- 持清の長男の京極勝秀と次男の政光は既に亡くなっており、勝秀の嫡子と考えられている孫童子丸が当主を継ぐが、わずか一年後に死去し、その後を巡って京極政経と京極高清の間で争いが起きる。
- Mochikiyo's eldest son Katskuhide KYOGOKU and Mochikiyo's second son Masamitsu were already dead at that time, and therefore Mochikiyo's grandson Dojimaru who was considered to be the heir inherited the family position as head, but he died one year after that, and there a battle broke out between Masatsune KYOGOKU and Takakiyo KYOGOKU over the inheritance.
- 高吉の子である京極高次は、初め織田信長に仕えるが、天正10年(1582年)に本能寺の変で信長が明智光秀に討たれると光秀に属し、山崎の戦いで光秀を討った豊臣秀吉からの追及を受ける。
- Takayoshi's son Takatsugu KYOGOKU first served Nobunaga ODA, but in 1582 when Nobunaga was killed by Mitsuhide AKECHI in Honnoji Incident Takatsugu belonged to Mitsuhide, and Takatsugu was expelled by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who killed Mitsuhide at the battle of Yamazaki.
- そのため、代わって文化 (元号)4年(1807年)7月に典侍東京極院所生の第四皇子、寛宮恵仁(のちの仁孝天皇)が儲君となることとなったが、その際、寛宮を自身の実子として公称した。
- Due to the Prince's death, instead, it was decided for Tenji (Naishinosuke) (a court lady of the first rank), Higashikyogokuin's fourth Prince, Yutanomiya Ayahito to become Crown Prince in July 1807, the Princess announced Yutanomiya as her own son at this time.
- 即ち、従来定説とされてきた、天武天皇は天智天皇の弟であるというのは誤りで、皇極天皇が舒明天皇と結婚する前に生んだ漢皇子であり、彼は天智天皇の異父兄であるとする説に基づくものである。
- There was an accepted theory that Emperor Temmu was a younger brother of Emperor Tenchi (Tenji), but this is denied; another theory is that Emperor Temmu was Aya no Miko, whom Empress Kogyoku had before she married Emperor Jomei, and that he was an older half-brother of Emperor Tenchi (Tenji).
- 家格は半家_(公家)、大納言となった西洞院時成(1645年 - 1724年)及び中納言となった西洞院信堅(1804年 - 1891年)を除き、歴代当主の極官は従二位・参議であった。
- The Nishinotoin family was in the rank of hange (the lowest of dojo kuge), and, besides Tokinari NISHINOTOIN (1645-1724) who became Dainagon (chief councilor of state) and Nobukata NISHINOTOIN (1804-1891) who became Chunagon (vice-councilor of state), the highest office held by the hereditary family heads was Sangi (councilor) of Junii (Junior Second Rank).
- 越智崗上陵(おちのおかのえのみささぎ)に葬られたとされ、宮内庁により奈良県高市郡高取町大字車木にある車木ケンノウ古墳(円墳、直径約45メートル)が皇極・斉明天皇陵に指定されている。
- It is said that she was buried in Ochi no oka no eno misasagi, and the Imperial Household Agency has designated Kurumagi Kennou kofun (tumulus) (round barrow, approximate diameter 45 meters) in Oaza Kurumagi, Takatori Town, Takaichi County, Nara Prefecture an imperial mausoleum of Empress Kogyoku/Saimei.
- 謝良佐の弟子である朱震は邵雍の『皇極経世書』、周敦頤の『通書』といった象数易と『程氏易伝』や張載の『正蒙』といった義理易を総合して『漢上易伝』を著し、王安石や蘇軾の易学に対抗した。
- Shusin, a disciple of Sha Ryosa, brought together Shosu-eki (graphic and mathematical divination) such as 'Kokyokukeiseisho' (Kogyoku future occurrence book) by ShoYo (Shao Yong) and 'Tsusho' (almanac) by Shu Ton-i (Zhou Dunyi), and Giri-eki (ethics and philosophy divination) such as 'Tei's annotation of I Ching' and Cho Sai's (Zhang Zai) 'Seimo,' and wrote 'Kanjoekiden,' to counter the art of divination led by Anseki O (Wang Anshi) and Su Shi.
- これについて銕之丞は、観阿弥・世阿弥・金春禅竹らによって猿楽が集大成された室町期は戦乱の時代であり、死が人々にとって極めて身近なものであったことを、こうした構造の理由に挙げている。
- Tetsunojo has attributed the reason for this structure to the fact that Sarugaku (literally 'monkey music,' a form of Japanese theatre performing art resembling a circus, that was popular in Japan during the 11th to 14th centuries) was compiled by Kan-ami, Zeami, Zenchiku KOMPARU, et al during the Muromachi period, a chaotic war period during which death was extremely close by.
- 文献によっては刺身と混用されていることもあるが、こちらは総じて刺身よりも分厚く切り、盛り付けに鰭(ひれ)だけでなく皮や中落ちまでも利用するなど、調理法が極めて多彩かつ複雑であった。
- It is sometimes confused with sashimi, but uchimi consisted of ingredients generally cut more thickly than sashimi and served not only with the fins but the skin and the backbone and meat around it as well; thus, there were numerous preparation methods and degrees of complexity.
- 太平洋戦争終結後の数年間、5代目松鶴、4代目米團治、2代目花橘、桂春団治 (2代目)らは大阪ミナミの「戎橋松竹」や京都・新京極の「富貴 (寄席)」といった新興の演芸場を拠点とした。
- For some years after the War, Shokaku V, Yonedanji IV, Kakitsu II and Harudanji KATSURA (II) were based in new engei (entertainment) halls like 'Ebisubashi Shochiku Theater' in South Osaka and 'Fuki' (Yose Theater) in Shinkyogoku, Kyoto.
- また西京極スタジアム場外エリアをフレンズスクエアと称して観客の再入場を可能にし、選手の撮影会やイベントを行ったり飲食屋台なども出店して、観客動員増加の為に様々な取り組みをしている。
- Besides, the club named the outside area of Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium 'Friends Square' to permit the spectators to reenter there, and has made use of the area to work on various approaches to increase attendance, such as carrying out a photo session of the players or other events, setting up booths to sell food and drink, and so on.
- 的屋に代表される露天商は寺社との繋がりが深く、古くから地域住民に支えられてきたが、近年では日本人自体が寺社との繋がりが薄く檀家や氏子として、祭りなどに積極的に参加しなくなっている。
- Rotensho represented by tekiya were deeply connected to temples and shrines supported by local residents over a long period of time, but in recent years Japanese people have become less connected to temples and shrines, and do not actively participate in festivals as a danka (supporter of a Buddhist temple) or ujiko (shrine parishioner).
- 「三増酒」という言葉すら知らずに「日本酒とはああいうものだ」という固定観念を極めて深いところに持ってしまっている世代は、なかなか真の日本酒に目を向けようとしないのが現状といえよう。
- At present, it seems that the generations who have a deeply rooted thinking of 'Sake tastes like that' even without knowing the term 'sanzoshu' can not pay attention to true sake.
- また、県札を発行して、経済流通の活性化、全国の小学校開設に先立って郷学校を再興して県学として近代教育のスタートを切るなど、中央の統制を越えて、積極的な地方行政を押し進めようとした。
- Furthermore, by going over the authority of the central government and through the issuance of prefectural ordinances, he actively pushed forward regional legislations to stimulate the distribution economy by issuing prefectural bills, and launched the modern educational system as a prefecture-wide model through the restoration of provincial schools ahead of the opening of elementary schools across the nation.
- 犬食い(いぬぐい)とは、日本の食文化の上で「犬のように食事を食べる」状態を指し、テーブル上にある食器に盛られた料理に、極端な前屈姿勢で顔(口)を突っ込まんばかりに近づけて食べること。
- Inugui refers that 'people eat like a dog' in Japanese food culture and means that people move their faces (mouths) closer to the meal on the table in an extreme stooped position, and eat them as if they put their heads into the food.
- 冷羽と松風は『ジーンシャフト』のドルチェ・サイトウや『極上生徒会』の蘭堂りのとプッチャンと同様に声優が本人と人形の一人二役であり本人と人形の性格や言動が大きく異なる設定となっている。
- Similar to the characters of other animation/manga works, Dolce Saito of 'Geneshaft,' or Rino RANDO and Pucchan of 'Gokujo Seitokai,' ('Best Student Council') the character and her companion puppet are played as dual-roles by a single voice actress, while the character and the puppet usually have wildly different voices and characters.
- 現在の創価学会ではそのような大々的な布教活動は比較的影を潜めているが、当時は現在と比べても極めて激しいものであったことを非信者はもちろん、信者側も認めた上で誇りとする人も少なくない。
- The present Soka Gakkai is relatively refraining from conducting such a large-scale campaign, while not only non-believers, but believers admit that it was extremely severe at that time as compared with today, yet there are many who are proud of it.
- だが、日本製の火縄銃は極めて高精度にできているため、そんな環境ながら日本の選手は国際大会で上位入賞することが多く、欧米の多くの選手も火縄銃種目では日本製の火縄銃を使って参加している。
- However, hinawaju made in Japan has a high-precision and thus, although the number of players is small, Japanese players often achieve a high ranking in international competition and many players from Europe and America also use hinawaju made in Japan in the hinawaju event.
- 鴨長明は、その著書『無名抄』の中で、幽玄を「詞に現れぬ余情、姿に見えぬ景気なるべし」「心にも理深く詞にも艶極まりぬれば、これらの徳は自ら備はるにこそ」と、問答形式の中で定義している。
- Chomei KAMONO defined Yugen as 'suggested feelings that do not appear on words and invisible atmosphere' 'inherent virtue of meanings deeply felt in mind and very attractive words' in Q&A of his book 'Mumyosho' (an essay on tanka poetry).
- 雷文、渦文、波文、唐草文、飛ばし子持亀甲文、籠目文、斜格子文、飛ばし七宝文、卍文、卍繋ぎの一種の紗綾形文など多種多様な截金文様が施されており、保存状態も極めて良い状態で残されている。
- A variety of kirikane patterns, including raimon, swirl, wave, karakusa, tobashi (literally, scattered)-komochi-kikko, kagome, slanting lattice, tobashi-shippo, 卍, and sayagata which is a type of connected 卍 patterns, are provided, and are maintained in a quite good state.
- 1894年(明治27年)から1895年にかけての日清戦争に勝利した明治政府は、安全醸造の行なえる醸造業の近代化も国家戦略の一部としてとらえ、西洋の微生物学を導入して積極的に支援した。
- The Meiji government, which won the Sino-Japanese War from 1894 to 1895, regarded the modernization of brewery industry which enabled safe brewing as part of national strategy and aggressively supported it by introducing microbiology of Western countries.
- 閏3月の講和時、本願寺はまだ1年程度は戦えるだけの余力を残して和議に踏み切ったため、信長は本願寺の軍事力を刺激するようなことは極力避けねばならず、相当の配慮をしなければならなかった。
- Because Hongan-ji Temple still retained a force that would allow it to continue the battle for about a year at the time of the pacification in April, Nobunaga had to make significant consideration to avoid provocating the military power as much as possible.
- 平安時代後期になると、源信 (僧侶)の『往生要集』などの影響で、阿弥陀如来の住する西方極楽浄土への再生を願う浄土信仰が広まり、また、現世を仏法の衰えた末法の世とする末法思想が広まった。
- In the late Heian period, as influenced by 'Ojoyoshu' (The Essentials of Salvation) by Genshin (a priest) and other writings, Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith) which prays for resurrection to Saiho Gokuraku Jodo were spread, and also Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief) which considers the present world as the end of the world where Buddhism has declined was spread.
- 一品叙位は社会的にも財政的にも大きな意味を有するために死後の叙位は比較的多かったものの、生存者への叙位は極めて慎重に行われ、平安時代最初の叙位は天長8年(831年)の葛原親王であった。
- As conferring Ippon was socially and financially of a great meaning, the conferment during ones' lifetime was determined very carefully while the conferment after ones' deaths took place relatively frequently; the first Ippon in the Heian period was conferred to the Imperial Prince Kazurawara in 831.
- いずれも明治3年1月3日(1870年2月3日)の明治天皇の即位に際して発せられた詔勅「…立極垂統、列皇相承、継之述之…宣明治教以宣揚惟神之大道也…」に出典を求め、命名されたものである。
- The source of these two names is in the Imperial Rescript issued on February 3, 1870 when the Emperor Meiji ascended the throne, which said 'Today's prosperity is due to successive deities ascended the throne to establish the natural order and nurture everything... Japanese people are expected to live following the deities' will.'
- しかし、表面的に大きく変化していても、その中に一貫する極めて日本的な要素や傾向を指摘できる面もある(例:住居が和風の座敷から洋間に変わっても、室内に靴を脱いで上がる点では変わらない)。
- However, even though it changed drastically on a superficial level, the Japanese traditional culture has an aspect of being able to point out very Japanese coherent elements and trends (e.g. even if rooms in the house changed from zashiki (Japanese style tatami room) to a Western-style room, the custom of taking off shoes when entering a house is not changed).
- これは戦時体制下で過度に利用されたが、皇国史観それ自体は極度に否定されるものではなく、長い日本の歴史の歩みの中で国民に継承されてきた伝統、文化的な価値観として肯定的に評価するものである。
- Although it was overly exploited by the wartime regime, the Kokoku Shikan (an emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto) itself should not be seen as something to be vehemently denied, but as something that should be positively valued as representing cultural values that have been passed down from one generation of the Japanese people to the next over the course of Japan's long history.
- 整粒歩合(せいりゅうぶあい)とは、米の状態を見極める基準のひとつで、一定量の玄米のなかに存在する整粒(せいりゅう)、すなわちきちんと整った形をしている米つぶの割合を%で示したものである。
- Seiryu-buai refers to one of the criteria of determining the state of rice and represents in percentage how many seiryu, that is, rice grains each having an ordered excellent shape are present in a specific amount of unmilled rice.
- 六斎念仏には、踊念仏本来の姿をとどめた干菜寺(干菜山光福寺:京都市左京区田中上柳町)の系統のものと、芸能的な色彩の強い空也堂(紫雲山極楽院光勝寺:京都市中京区亀屋町)の系統のものがある。
- Rokusai Nenbutsu is divided into two styles: the Hoshina-ji Temple (Kofuku-ji Temple on Mt. Hoshina: Tanaka Kamiyanagi-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City) style, which showcases the authentic form of traditional Odori Nenbutsu, and the Kuya-do Temple (Kosho-ji Temple Gokuraku-in on Mt. Shiun: Kameya-cho, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City) style, which is characterized by a strong influence in entertainment.
- 例えば、3代家光夫人・鷹司孝子は夫との仲が極めて険悪で、正式に「御台所」と称することのないまま、結婚後程なくしてその居所を本丸から中丸に移され、大奥の実権はもっぱら春日局らが握っていた。
- For example, since a wife of the third Shogun Iemitsu, Takako TAKATSUKASA was on extremely bad terms with her husband, she was transferred to her residence from Honmaru to Naka no maru (中丸) before being formally titled 'Midaidokoro' and Kasuga no tsubone held the real power in O-oku.
- しかし、710年(和銅3)に遷都された時には、内裏と大極殿、その他の官舎が整備された程度と考えられており、寺院や邸宅は、山城国の長岡京に遷都するまで、段階的に造営されていったと思われる。
- However, when it was relocated in 710, it is believed that the construction of only a few facilities such as the Imperial Palace, Daigokuden (the central building) and official residences were completed, and other facilities like the temple and residence were being constructed step by step until the capital was transferred to Nagaoka-kyo in Yamashiro Province.
- 京極宮文仁親王(きょうごくのみや あやひとしんのう、延宝8年8月16日 (旧暦)(1680年9月8日) - 宝永8年3月6日 (旧暦)(1711年4月23日))は江戸時代中期の日本の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Ayahito (September 8, 1680 - April 23, 1711) was a member of the Imperial family during the middle of the Edo period.
- 上皇になると殿上人を整理(旧来は天皇在位中の殿上人はそのまま院の殿上人となる慣例であった)して院政機構の改革を行うなどの積極的な政策を採って、台頭する鎌倉幕府に対しても強硬的な路線を採った。
- Once he became the retired emperor, he made an active effort to become a (high-ranking) courtier allowed into the Imperial Palace, as a court noble (traditionally, people who served an emperor would stay with him after his reign) in order to reform the system of the cloister government; he was ready to take forceful action against the Kamakura government, which had started to behave conspicuously.
- しかし史実を踏まえた架空の登場人物の設定は極めて複雑かつ矛盾に満ちたものになっており、そのため初演以来これが通しで演じられることは稀で、通常は二段目返しの「南禅寺山門の場」のみが上演される。
- However, because of the complicated setting including the background of those characters and of many contradictions, it has been rarely fully performed since after the opening, and at present, usually only the second act's kaeshi 'Nanzen-ji Sanmon-no-ba' is performed.
- 皇位継承の儀式については、皇室典範を根拠とし皇室典範に属する法体系、いわゆる「宮務法」として公布された皇室令のひとつ、登極令(明治42年皇室令第1号)及び同附式によって細かく定められていた。
- In terms of the ceremony for Imperial succession, there were details in the Regulations Governing the Accession to the Throne (No.1 of Imperial Family Regulation in Meiji 42 (1909)) or 同附式 which was issued as one of the Imperial Family Regulations, what it is called '宮務法,' while the form of these regulations belong to Imperial Family Law based on the Imperial Family Law.
- どの監督もトーキー演出になかなか慣れず、斬新な演出で知られた古海卓二も志波西果もトーキーに敗れ去り、古海は古市の極東映画、志波は奈良の全勝キネマへと都落ちし、サイレント映画に退行してしまう。
- However, all directors did not become familiar with talkie performance easily, and even Takuji FURUMI and Seika SHIBA famous for performances filled with originality failed in talkie and Furumi returned to Kyoto Eiga Co., Ltd. of Furuichi while Shiba to Zensho Kinema of Nara to retreat to silent films.
- 特に母の皇極天皇が舒明天皇の前に結婚していた高向王との間に生まれた漢王と同一人物(つまり、天武異父兄説)ではないかとする考えが有名であるが、同一史料には矛盾は見られない(詳しくは下記参照)。
- Although according to a well known theory, the Emperor Tenmu and Aya no kimi, who was the son of the Empress Kogyoku and her former husband Takamukuo, was actually the same person (therefore the Emperor Tenmu was the older maternal half-brother of the Emperor Tenchi); there are no contradictions within the historical materials (The details are as follows.)
- 文政の初年度(1810から1820)紀伊郡東九条村(現在の南区東九条)の小山藤七という人が、当時極晩生種であった大根の種を得て、「藤七大根」という名で種を販売したのが源であるといわれている。
- The story behind the origin of Tokinashi daikon is that in the first year of the Bunsei era (1810 - 1820), a man named Toshichi KOYAMA from Higashikujo village, Kii district (present-day Higashikujo, Minami Ward) obtained extremely late variety of daikon seed at the time, and sold them under the name 'Toshichi-daikon.'
- 胡弓の代わりに尺八が加わることも江戸時代後半から行なわれていたが、明治初年に虚無僧制度が廃止されて以降、尺八が積極的に三曲合奏に進出し、今日では胡弓よりも尺八が加わる方が圧倒的に多くなった。
- Later in the Edo period, shakuhachi began to participate in sankyoku gasso instead of kokyu, and from the first year of the Meiji period, when the governmental protection of 'komuso' (a mendicant Zen priest of the Fuke sect) was ended, shakuhachi performers actively entered the world of sankyoku gasso, and therefore shakuhachi predominates over kokyu in sankyoku gasso today.
- 刀の偽銘、贋作を見極めるには、五箇伝、各時代の姿(手持ちの重さ)、地鉄、焼き刃の特徴(匂い口、帽子)、中茎(姿、鑢目、棟仕上げ、目釘孔、銘の位置、銘そのもの)に精通していなければ困難である。
- To identify Gimei or counterfeit swords, one must be familiar with the Gokaden (classification of Japanese swords), figures in each period (weight of temochi; haft), iron, features of a blade (Nioikuchi, cutting part), haft (figure, yasurime [grinding grid mark], finished way of the back of haft, hole [mekugi holes], the position of inscription, inscription itself).
- 国際的に極度の円安状況だったこともあるが、当時の欧米からすれば日本は極東の辺境であり、外国人身辺の危険も少なくなかったことから、一流の技術や知識の専門家を招聘することが困難だったことによる。
- The high salaries were partly due to the fact that the yen was extremely weak internationally, but mainly because of the difficulty in convincing top-class experts in technology and knowledge to come to Japan, which from the perspective of Westerners was a country on the extreme eastern edge of the Far East, a country moreover that held considerable physical danger for foreigners.
- 一度臣籍に下った者が皇位につくのは、日本の皇位継承史の中でも極めて異例であるが天皇の子の身分の決定は天皇の専権事項である(臣籍に降ろした実子を皇族に戻す事も許される)として押し切ったのである。
- It was an unusual example of Japanese Imperial succession for an Imperial member who had been demoted from nobility to subject, to come back and succeed the throne, it was forced to decision because the Emperor had the absolute right to chose the rank of the Emperor's children.
- 日本における袞衣の起源は不明であるが、『続日本紀』に「天平四年(732年)正月乙巳朔、大極殿に御して朝を受く。天皇始めて冕服を服す」とあることから、少なくとも奈良時代まで遡ると考えられている。
- Although the origin of Kone in Japan is unknown, it is believed to date at least as far back as the Nara period because it is written in 'Shoku-Nihongi,' which is the sequel to 'Nihon Shoki' (Chronicles of Japan) that 'the Emperor wearing Benfuku for the first time showed up in the Daigokuden (Grand Palace) to receive New Year's greetings at about 10 o'clock on January 1, 732 A.D.'
- 京極宮公仁親王(きょうごくのみや きんひとしんのう、享保18年1月5日 (旧暦)(1733年2月18日) - 明和7年6月22日 (旧暦)(1770年7月14日))は江戸時代中期の日本の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Kyogoku-no-miya Kinhito (February 18, 1733 – July 14, 1770) was a member of the Imperial family who lived in the middle of the Edo period.
- その他、これら以外のスープを提供する店も存在するが(博多風の豚骨ラーメンや、東京風の醤油ラーメンなどの他、極めて少数だが、どの分類にも当てはまらない独自のラーメンを出す店もある)、数は少ない。
- There are stores that serve different kinds of soup (Hakata pork bone broth, Tokyo soy sauce soup, with a few stores serving original ramen that does not belong to any category), but their numbers are small.
- 元酒類鑑定官であった上原浩は、「そのことの話題性を積極的に利用しようとは考えていないようだが、私の知るなかで、亀の尾の復活にもっとも熱心に取り組んでいたのは鯉川酒造である。」と言い切っている。
- Hiroshi UEHARA, a former official appraiser of alcoholic beverage, has clearly said, 'As far as I know, it was Koikawa Shuzo that had dedicated themselves most diligently to reviving the Kameno-o brand, though the brewery had no positive intention to take the advantage of Kameno-o brand as a topical subject.'
- 缶コーヒーは日本などアジアが市場の主流で、欧米では極小規模の範囲で留まっており、日本でいう350ml相当の缶にミルク・糖分多めの商品が日系やアジア系のメーカーから数種発売されている程度である。
- While Asian countries including Japan form the main market of canned coffee, Western countries remain a very small-scale market, where only a few types of coffee containing a little extra milk and sugar in cans equal to Japanese 350 ml cans sold by Japanese- and Asian-affiliated manufacturers.
- いかに大奥が取締役の職掌を制度上定めたとしても、その実際の運用にあたっては結局のところ「お上のご寵愛」という、将軍個人の極めて私的な感情によって左右される要素が介在することを排除できなかった。
- Even if O-oku determined the authority of the administrator as a rule, the authority given in O-oku depended on the Shogun's private opinion and the O-oku could not stop the Shogun giving authority to his favorite.
- 慶長5年(1600年)、関ヶ原の戦い後に細川忠興が九州へ移されると、丹後国には信濃国飯田城より、京極高知が田辺城 (丹後国)に入り(幕府に届出た正式な居城は宮津城)、丹後一国を領した(丹後藩)。
- In 1600, when Tadaoki HOSOKAWA was transferred to Kyushu after the battle of Sekigahara, Takatomo KYOGOKU entered Tanabe Castle (in Tango Province) from Iida Castle in Shinano Province (Miyazu was the official residential castle that reported to the Bakufu), and controlled the country of Tango (the Tango han domain).
- しかし、相撲の司家としての五条家の名声は、熊本藩主・細川氏の家臣である13代吉田司家当主吉田追風が積極的な相撲興行を展開し、江戸相撲において横綱免許を発給するようになってから失墜することとなる。
- However, the Gojo family's prestige as Sumai no Tsukasa family became tarnished when a vassal of the Lord of the Kumamoto Domain Hosokawa Clan, Oikaze YOSHIDA, the thirteenth head of the Yoshida Tsukasa family, actively organized professional sumo performances and issued yokozuna licenses in Edo zumo (Edo sumo wrestling).
- その日の輿の順も記録に残されており、一番目に北政所、二番目に淀殿、三番目に京極竜子、四番目に三の丸殿、五番目に摩阿姫、その後に側室ではないものの長くつき合いのある芳春院(前田利家正室)が続いた。
- The order of palanquins is also recorded, which shows Kita no mandokoro in the first place, Yodo-dono in the second, Tatsuko KYOGOKU in the third, Sannomaru-dono in the fourth, Princess Mahime in the fifth, followed by Hoshunin (the legal wife of Toshiie MAEDA), who was not Hideyoshi's concubine, but whom he had known for long.
- 皇極4年(645年)6月14日、乙巳の変の直後、皇極天皇は退位し、中大兄皇子に皇位を譲ろうとしたが、中大兄と鎌足との相談の結果、皇弟・軽皇子が即位し、孝徳天皇となり、中大兄皇子が皇太子になった。
- On July 15, 645, immediately after Isshi-no-hen, Emperor Kogyoku stepped down from the throne, tried to pass over the throne to Naka no Oe no Oji but as a result of a meeting between Naka no Oe and Kamatari, the younger brother of the Emperor, Prince Karu, acceded to the throne and became Emperor Kotoku, with Naka no Oe no Oji becoming the Crown Prince.
- 美貌を売り物にする女形役者がこうした役をつとめると、ふてぶてしい極悪人であることを観客に納得させることが容易ではなく、舞台演出が困難になってしまうことが配慮されていることもそのひとつの理由である。
- One of the reasons that those roles are not acted by onnagata actors, who are famous for their beauty, is that it is difficult to convince audience that they are villains, which will make it difficult to produce a drama.
- これは極端なことをいえば「三重県産茶葉のみ」でも京都府内で仕上げ加工すれば「宇治茶」となりうることを示しており、逆に京都府外で加工されたものは京都府内産茶葉でも「宇治茶」として売ることができない。
- In an extreme case, 'tea leaves only from Mie Prefecture' can be 'Uji cha' only if they are processed in Kyoto Prefecture, and on the contrary, those processed outside Kyoto Prefecture cannot be sold as 'Uji cha' even though they are produced in Kyoto Prefecture.
- つまり印西派は、弓矢が強力な武器であった時代において、戦場で戦う徒歩武者が如何に敵を射殺できるか、その鍛錬と戦場での実践のために編み出された射法であり、文字通り極めて実戦的かつ合理的なものである。
- In other words, the Insai school teaches a shooting method conceived during an era when powerful bows and arrows were used and by walking warriors who fight on the battlefield to kill the enemy, as the name suggests, it is extremely practical and reasonable.
- 一方、こうしたジェンダーフリーの立場からの鯉のぼり批判は、石原慎太郎東京都知事から東京都議会(平成16年第2回定例会)において、「伝統文化まで拒否する極端でグロテスクな主張」として批判されている。
- However, the criticism of koi-nobori from the gender-free standpoint was countered by Tokyo Governor Shintaro ISHIHARA of the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly (the second regular meeting in 2004), who said 'it is an extreme and bizarre allegation that even denies traditional culture.'
- 6月に入ると、他の閣僚からも辞表提出者が相次ぎ、7月に白根・安場らの更迭が決定されると、同月27日には処分に消極的であった軍部大臣が揃って辞表を提出、これを見た松方は自らも辞表を提出したのである。
- In June, other Cabinet members submitted the letter of resignation one after another, and in July, replacement of SHIRANE, YASUBA and others was determined, and then on 27th of the same month, Military ministers who were negative to such punishment submitted the letters of resignation all together, which made MATSUKATA submit the letter of resignation.
- その後善徳女王(632年~647年)のもとで実力者となった金春秋(後の太宗武烈王)は積極的に唐化政策を採用するようになり、654年に武烈王(~661年)として即位すると、更に両国の間は親密化する。
- Afterwards, Kim Chunchu (later to become King Taejong Muyeol), who gained a lot of power under Princess Sondoku (632 - 647), proactively adopted the Tang Dynasty system, and when he took the throne as King Taejong (654 - 661) in 654, their kingdoms grew even closer.
- 戦後改革により皇室が自らこの差額を調達することは不可能となり、長年固定されていた皇室費を一挙に数倍に増額することは、敗戦直後の極度に逼迫した財政のもとではとうてい合理的な説明がつかなかったのである。
- After the postwar reform, it became impossible for the Imperial Family to manage their finances, increasing expenses several times could not have been practically accepted, especially under the tight financial situation just after the War.
- 若い頃(とりわけ明治10年代)には、侍補で親政論者である漢学者元田永孚や佐々木高行の影響を強く受けて、西洋の文物に対しては懐疑的であり、また自身が政局の主導権を掌握しようと積極的であった時期がある。
- During his younger days (especially between 1876 to 1885), he was greatly influenced by Nagazane MOTODA and Takayuki SASAKI, scholars of the Chinese classics who acted as his jiho (aides) and were supporters of direct imperial rule, and there was a period when he was skeptical about western literature and tried to actively gain control of the government.
- 4代目正親町三条実躬までは大納言が極位極官であったが、5代目正親町三条公秀の娘で北朝光厳天皇の典侍であった藤原秀子(陽禄門院)が、崇光天皇、後光厳天皇を産み、天皇の外戚になったため、大臣家となった。
- Up to the time of the fourth family head Sanemi OGIMACHISANJO, as Dainagon (chief councilor of state) was the highest court rank or government post available, the OGIMACHISANJO family, having become the maternal relative of the Emperor, with FUJIWARA no Hideko (Yorokumon-in), who was the daughter of the fifth family head Kinhide OGIMACHISANJO and Naishi no suke (a court lady of the first rank) to Emperor Kogen of the Northern Court producing Emperor Suko and Emperor Gokogon, was made the house of minister.
- 江戸時代には、井原西鶴が1688年の『日本永代蔵』四「伊勢ゑびの高値」や1692年の『世間胸算用』で、江戸や大阪で諸大名などが初春のご祝儀とするため伊勢海老が極めて高値で商われていた話を書いている。
- During the Edo period, Saikaku IHARA wrote about 'the high price of Ise ebi' in 'Nihon Eitaigura' in 1688 and he also wrote a story about Ise ebi being sold at an extremely high price in Edo and Osaka because Ise ebi were given as a gift of early spring among daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) in 'Seken Munazanyo' (Worldly Calculation) in 1692.
- 現地の水がひじょうに硬水だったこと、内地からの米の輸入が不自由だったこと、いまだ安全醸造に至らない貧弱な設備の蔵が多かったこと、既成の日本酒は現地の極寒の気候では凍ってしまうことなどの問題があった。
- There were problems such as the water at that place was very hard, rice wasn't imported from the inland of Japan freely, and many sake breweries had poor facilities in the point of safe brewing, and ready-made sake froze in the cold climate there.
- そのため、政府内にも島津久光を筆頭に前原一誠・桐野利秋ら保守的な反対論者を多数抱えており、また西郷隆盛も「壮兵」といって、中下層士族の立場を考慮した志願兵制度を構想していて徴兵制には消極的であった。
- Therefore, there were a lot of conservative people against it within the government, with Hisamitsu SHIMAZU as the leader, Issei MAEBARA, Toshiaki KIRINO and others, and Takamori SAIGO took a passive stance for conscription because he had his own plan of the volunteer 'sohei' military system in consideration of the middle to lower class samurai.
- しかし、大韓民国ではいまだに「王桜=ソメイヨシノ」説を唱え(韓国起源説参照)、王桜の自生地にソメイヨシノを植林する活動が積極的に進められており、逆に韓国の在来種であるはずの王桜の絶滅が心配されている。
- However, in the Republic of Korea there are still activities that advocate the theory that 'Osakura equals Someiyoshino' and therefore plant Someiyoshino in places where Osakura naturally grow, and in fact the extinction of Osakura--a species native to Korea--is feared.
- 自然に存在する数多くの山や川、滝などのなかから特徴的な姿の抽象的表現を極限までつきつめると、石1つで山1つあるいは風景全体ひいては全宇宙を表すとされる盆石や水墨画などと同様に抽象美術としてみなされる。
- When thoroughly investigated the abstract representations of natural features such as mountains, rivers, and waterfalls, there may be one stone that represents a mountain, or scenery as a whole that represents the entire universe, so this is an abstract art similar to miniature landscapes on a tray, or a watery ink painting.
- そしてやっと敵である直実に巡り会えたと仇を討とうとするが、すでに出家して蓮生となって弔いにつとめる直実はもはや敵ではないと悟り、極楽浄土では共に同じ蓮に生まれる身になろうと言い残して敦盛の霊は姿を消す。
- Although Atsumori, on having finally found his enemy tries to take revenge on Naozane, he learns that Naozane has become a priest and as Rensho was dedicated to reading sutra and was no longer his enemy; the ghost of Atsumori disappears, leaving words that he and Rensho both be born as lotus ('ren' in Rensho's name means lotus) in Gokuraku Jodo (the Amida Pure Land).
- 高数の後を継いだ京極持清は、応仁元年(1467年)に足利将軍家の家督相続などから生じた応仁の乱で一万余騎を率いて東軍に属し京で戦い、翌年からは近江で西軍の六角高頼と戦い優勢を得るが、その最中に病死する。
- Mochikiyo KYOGOKU who inherited Takakazu led his 10,000 or more horsemen and belonged to the east army during the Onin War, that was caused by the conflict for the family estate within the Ashikaga Shogun family and for other reasons, from the next year he gained advantage over Takayori ROKKAKU of the west army, but during the battle he died from illness.
- 株仲間の奨励策による運上金・冥加金の徴収、町人資本による印旛沼・手賀沼の干拓事業を行ういっぽう、長崎貿易の推奨(特に俵物など輸出商品の増産)など、積極的に改革を推し進め、幕府財政を立て直すことに成功した。
- He aggressively pushed forward his reforms, such as collecting business taxes and forced contribution in exchange for promoting 'kabu nakama,' doing reclamation works of Inba-numa Lake and Tega-numa Lake with merchants' funds, and promoting trade with foreign countries at Nagasaki - particularly through production increase of goods for export, including 'tawara mono' (goods in straw bags), thereby succeeding in reconstruction of bakufu finance.
- ただし、皇族が政争に巻き込まれることは好ましくないという考えから、皇族は議会で催される式典などに参列することはあっても、議員として日常的に議会内に立ち入ることは無く、登院は帝国議会史上、極めて稀であった。
- To avoid having imperial family members involved in political conflict, although they participated in ceremonies, they did not routinely attend the Diet and their appearance in the Diet was extremely rare in the history of the Imperial Diet.
- 交渉は18日より徳川方の京極忠高の陣において、家康側近の本多正純、阿茶局と、豊臣方の使者として派遣された淀殿の妹である常高院との間で行われ、19日には講和条件が合意、20日に誓書が交換され和平が成立した。
- The negotiations took place in Tadataka KYOGOKU's camp on Tokugawa side between Masazumi HONDA and Acha-no-tsubone from Tokugawa side and Joko-in, who was Yodo-dono's sister and had been dispatched as a messenger of the Toyotomi side; on 19th peace terms were agreed and pacification was made with an exchange of written vows (the old calendar).
- 勅旨田設定地の多くが空閑地・荒田であることから特に意義は認められないとする見解、勅旨田は皇室の私的経済を形成するものだったとする見解、積極的に進められた国家的な開発奨励政策だったと評価する見解、などがある。
- There were views that Chokushiden is not meaningful in that most of the established land for Chokushiden was vacant land or moorland; Chokushiden was used to fund the private economy of the Imperial Household and was a national incentive for development that was actively pursued, etc.
- 各天皇(諡号または院号)の傍には、代数・生母・諱・在位年数や立太子/践祚/即位/譲位/崩御の年月日・御陵などの事項を列記し、その他の皇族にも、生母・略歴・極位・極官・没年月日などの注記(尻付)を施している。
- The information such as generation number, biological mother, imina (personal name), reign, date of investiture of the Crown Prince, accession to the throne, enthronement, abdication of the throne and demise, and Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) are listed near the name of each Emperor (shigo (a posthumous name) or ingo (a posthumous title given to an emperor)), for the other Imperial Families, biological mother, brief personal history, gokui (his best rank), gokkan (his Best position) and date of death are annotated.
- キリシタン大名の大村純忠(有馬晴純の次男で大村氏の養子となった)の子で、初代藩主・大村喜前は江戸幕府開府後も引き続きこの地において2万7900石を有する領主として存続し、明治維新を迎えた極めて稀な藩である。
- Son of Sumitada OMURA (a Christian daimyo who was the second son of Haruzumi ARIMA and was adopted by the Omura clan), Yoshiaki OMURA was the first lord of this domain and he continued to rule over this land, which yielded 27,900 koku in rice, even after the establishment of the Edo Shogunate. This domain was extremely unusual given the fact that it was still intact at the time of the Meiji Restoration.
- 天皇は日本の歴史において重要な権威を有していたが、実際に君主として統治権を行使していた期間は、天皇が存在していた期間と比べ極端に短く、ほとんどが天皇以外の貴族や武家、官僚などによって統治権は行使されている。
- The Emperor held important authority in Japanese history, but the length of the period which the Emperor held the actual sovereignty as the ruler is extremely short compared to the length of the period the Emperor had existed, and most of the sovereignty was held by nobilities other than the Emperor, samurai families, bureaucracy, etc.
- 神社仏閣や城郭の天守を想起させる切り妻の屋根飾りに合掌組を反曲させた曲線(写真建物の上端部)は、宗教性や権威を誇るディテールであり、また、極楽浄土へいざなう入り口を示すシンボリックな側面を合わせ持っている。
- A curve (at the upper end of the photo) of the recurved principal rafter is used to decorate a gable roof, reminding people of shrines and temples, or the tenshu (keep or tower) of a castle is a detail that proudly denotes religion and authority while having a symbolic feature showing the entrance leading to the Pure Land of Amitabha.
- 武家としてだけでなく、公家としても官位を極めた義満は、治天の君としての行動を徐々に始め、自身の子である足利義嗣を皇位につけることを計画していたが、計画成就の寸前に死去したため皇位簒奪がならなかったとしている。
- He was a high ranking Samurai, and also a court noble, he gradually prepared to pretend to start the Cloistered government, and he planned to have his son, Yoshitsugu ASHIKAGA succeed to the throne, however this Imperial succession did not happen as he died just before his plan was about to come to fruition.
- その際の調査結果をまとめた『増上寺徳川将軍家墓とその遺品・遺体』によると、和宮は身長143cm、体重34kg(いずれも推定)であり、骨格の形状から極端な反っ歯と内股が特徴の小柄な女性であったと推定されている。
- According to the result of the investigation at that time called, 'The Zojo-ji Temple, Tokugawa Shogun cemetery and remains, bodies,' Kazunomiya was presumed to be short lady, one meter forty three centimeters tall, her weight was thirty four kilograms, she had extremely buckteeth and tended to walk pigeon-toed.
- また、領内に比叡山が存在することもあって、室町時代を通じてその支配は安定せず、六角満綱、六角持綱父子は家臣の反乱により自害に追いやられ、それを継いだ六角久頼は京極氏との対立の末、心労により自害して果てている。
- Partly because Mt. Hiei-zan was within the territory, the regional rule had not been stabilized during the Muromachi era, and Mitsutsuna ROKKAKU and his son Mochitsuna ROKKAKU were forced to commit suicide due to the vassals' rebellion; thereafter, Hisayori ROKKAKU, who had inherited Mitsutsuna and Mochitsuna, committed suicide due to the strain of grief after the conflict with the Kyogoku clan.
- 念佛の行者は智慧をも愚癡をも捨て、善惡の境界をも捨て、貴賤高下の道理をも捨て、地獄をおそるる心をも捨て、極樂を願ふ心をも捨て、又諸宗の悟をも捨て、一切の事を捨てて申す念佛こそ、彌陀超世の本願に尤もかなひ候へ。
- Nenbutsu devotees should throw out wisdom and doubts, throw out the differentiation between good and evil, throw out the distinction between high and low social standing, throw out fear for Hell, throw out hope for the Buddhist paradise, and throw out enlightenment of various sects, and when you practice nenbutsu throwing out everything, it comes closest to the transcendent, Original Vow of Amida.
- この頃は剣道と伝統的な剣術との違いが余り認識されておらず、積極的に剣道の試合に出る流派も少なくなかった(明治末~戦前期の文献では、現在一般にいうところの剣道を含めた日本剣術全般を「剣道」と称することが多い)。
- Around that time, the difference between Kendo and traditional Kenjutsu was not well acknowledged and many schools actively participated in Kendo matches (Japanese Kenjutsu in general, including contemporary Kendo, was collectively called 'Kendo' in the documents written from the end of Meiji era to the end of World War Ⅱ).
- これは、自販機の普及による販売競争激化に加え、1975年に発生したブラジル大霜害の影響で生豆価格が高騰していたことから、極端に低濃度の製品や代替物を使用した粗悪品が市場に流通してしまう恐れが生じたことによる。
- It was caused by an intensified sales competition due to the spread of vending machines and the fears that extremely low-concentrated products or inferior products containing substitute ingredients might be distributed on the market in view of rising prices of unroasted beans due to great frost damage in Brazil during 1975.
- 江戸幕府はスペイン・ポルトガル勢力をアジアから追放しようとするイギリスとオランダの商人によってこの情報を得て、家康の積極外交から鎖国に方針転換したと考えられている(家光が単に外国嫌いであったという説もある)。
- It is believed that the Edo Bakufu changed its policy to seclusionism after obtaining this information from merchants of Britain and the Netherlands who were aiming to oust Spanish and Portuguese power from Asia, even though the Edo Bakufu during the era of the Ieyasu TOKUGAWA shogunate had positive relations with foreign countries (another theory suggests that Iemitsu was simply a xenophobia.)
- これは、結局、当時の国力の差は歴然としており、この状況下、この(日本側としては)無念極まりない要求も受け入れざる得なかったものとされるが、捕縛ではなく発砲による殺傷を目的とした野蛮な対応に外国は震撼せしめた。
- This incident ended up in the matter of the involved countries' power and footing at that time, and with the outstanding power of France, Japan had no choice but to accept the unconditional requests, but at the same time, it was true that Japan's primitive action using a gun instead of a rope frightened off foreign countries.
- 輝虎の信玄への憎悪は凄まじく、居城であった春日山城(新潟県上越市)内の看経所と弥彦神社(新潟県西蒲原郡弥彦村)に、「武田晴信悪行之事」と題する願文を奉納し、そこで信玄を口を極めて罵り、必ず退治すると誓っている。
- Hating Shingen fiercely, Terutora dedicated a prayer titled 'Harunobu TAKEDA's wrongdoings' in Kankinjo (a place to read sutras silently) in Kasugayama-jo Castle (located in Joetsu City, Niigata Prefecture) and in Yahiko-jinja Shrine (located in Yahiko Village, Nishikanbara County, Niigata Prefecture), and in the prayer, he abused Shingen in the worst possible terms, pledging to exterminate him without fail.
- そして、極真出身の大道塾空道に代表されるような、打撃技に特化された現在の空手へのアンチ・テーゼとして、空手に関節技や投げ技を取り入れて、かつての空手がそうであった総合武道の姿へと復元を目指す流派などもあらわれた。
- Also, as represented by Daido Juku Kudo (derived from the Kyokushin Kaikan), there emerged organizations and circles that, while serving as the antithesis of the modern karate that concentrates on the striking art, sought the return to a comprehensive martial art like the traditional Okinawan karate, by incorporating grappling and throwing techniques into karate.
- 高野製紙場では、勧業博覧会などにも積極的に出品して、技術改良にも熱心に取り組み、明治40年(1907年)抄紙機で襖紙の製造を開始し、明治42年(1909年)には、二重・三重の漉き掛けをこなす抄紙機も開発している。
- Working on improving technique and by actively entering products in industrial expositions, the manager of Takano paper mill began to produce fusuma paper with a shoshi-ki machine (a paper-making machine) in 1907 and invented a new shoshi-ki machine that was able to make double layered paper.
- 本来上方落語には人情噺を演じ手がいなかったが、上方には『油』、『鬼あざみ』、『子別れ』、『ざこ八』、『しじみ売り』、『土橋万歳』などの人情噺が伝わっており、近年では上方落語家が東京の人情噺を積極的に移植している。
- Although originally there were not story tellers of Ninjo-banashi in Kamigata Rakugo, they have Ninjo-banashi such as 'Abura (Oil)', 'Oniazami Gangster', 'Parting with Son', 'Grain Broker Zakohachi', 'Shijimi Clam Vendor', 'Long Live the Earthen Bridge!', and Kamigata Rakugo storytellers are actively transferring Ninjo-banashi of Tokyo recently.
- また、頼朝以来の先例・武家社会の道理を盾にして律令法・公家法と異なる規定、時にはこれと反する規定を積極的・かつ自立的に制定している点を評価して、御成敗式目を幕府法の独立を宣言したものとする解釈が通説となっている。
- Also, it is a generally accepted view that Goseibai-shikimoku is a declaration of independence of bakufu law as it is recognized that Goseibai-shikimoku, backed by the precedents since the time of Yoritomo and the morals of samurai society, actively and independently established provisions which were different from or sometimes went against the ritsuryo law or the kugeho.
- 天仁元年(1108年)頃、八歳年下の幼帝・鳥羽天皇に入内するよう時の治天白河天皇に命ぜられ、父忠実は院の要請を固辞したが、永久の頃(1113年以後)、鳥羽天皇自身が泰子入内を勧めると、あろうことか積極的に応対した。
- Around 1108, she was ordered by the Chiten (person in power) at that time, Emperor Shirakawa to make bridal entry in to the Imperial Palace to the young Emperor Toba, who was eight years younger than her, although her father, Tadazane kept rejecting the order from the In, he accepted it positively after Emperor Toba himself recommended Taishi enter into the Imperial Palace after 1113.
- 一条は、伊周の失脚を嘆いて内裏を退出し出家していた定子をあえて再度入内させて世人の批判を浴びるほど定子を深く愛しており、彰子の立后には消極的であったが、長い逡巡の末、周囲の説得もあってついに道長の意向を受け入れた。
- Ichijo loved Teishi who moaned about the downfall of Korechika, retired from the Imperial Palace and entered into priesthood so much that he had her enter into court again regardless of criticism of people, and although he was reluctant to the investiture of the Empress to Akiko, he was persuaded by those around him to accept the intention of Michinaga in the end.
- 吉右衛門劇団では同世代の女形が少なく、長らく吉右衛門の相手役をつとめてきた実弟の中村時蔵 (3代目)に代わり、特に戦争末期ごろから積極的に大役に抜擢され、舞台上で吉右衛門がリードするかたちで歌右衛門を育てていった。
- There were not so many actors of female roles in the Kichiemon troupe, so he was actively selected to act major roles especially since the later stages of the war, replacing his real brother Tokizo NAKAMURA III, who had played opposite to Kichiemon for a long time, and Kichiemon trained Utaemon by leading him on the stage.
- 和泉流は、江戸極初期に京都の手猿楽師(てさるがくし。素人出身の職業狂言師)として禁裏御用を勤めつつ、尾張藩主徳川義直に召し抱えられていた7世山脇和泉守元宜が、同輩の三宅藤九郎家、野村又三郎家を傘下に収めて創流した。
- While dominating his colleagues, the Tokuro MIYAKE family and the Matasaburo NOMURA family, Yamawaki Izumi no Kami Motoyoshi, the seventh established the Izumi school soon after the Edo period came, and was an official Tesarugaku-shi (a professional Sarugaku performer who was originally an outsider) in the Imperial Palace living in Kyoto, as well as a retainer of the Lord of Owari Domain Yoshinao TOKUGAWA.
- 日本を強国にするため積極的に西洋の文物を取り入れようとする動き(脱亜思想)と、独立のために伝統を強調しようとする動き(国粋主義)の両者が存在し、時には極端な西洋崇拝になったり、逆に外国を排斥するようになったりもした。
- A movement to actively accept products of western culture for strengthening Japan (thought of leaving Asia) and a movement to strengthen traditions for independence (nationalism) coexisted, and Japan sometimes leaned toward an extreme worship of the West or toward exclusion of foreign countries.
- 『風信帖』は、「風信雲書、自天翔臨」(風の如きお便り、雲の如き御筆跡が天から私の所へ翔臨してまいりました)、『久隔帖』は、「久隔清音、馳恋無極」(久しくごぶさたしていますが、深く貴台を懐かしく思っております)で始まる。
- 'Fushinjo' starts with, 'I received a letter from the heavens with writing like clouds, and it flew onto me like a wind,' while 'Kyukakujo' starts, 'I have not seen you in a while. I have missed you.'
- 葬列(車列)は自衛隊による21発の弔砲に送られて皇居正門を出発し、葬送曲「哀の極」の奏楽の中を桜田門、国会議事堂正門前、憲政記念館前、三宅坂、赤坂見附、青山一丁目、外苑前、青山三丁目を経て新宿御苑の葬場総門に到着した後、
- After the funeral motorcade departed from the main gate of the Imperial Palace as the Japan Self-Defense Forces made a twenty-one gun funeral salute, it passed the Sakurada-mon Gate, the main gate of the Diet Building, Parliamentary Museum, Miyakezaka, Akasakamitsuke, Aoyama 1-chome, Gaienmae, and Aoyama 3-chome with playing the funeral music called 'Kanashimi no Kiwami' (a funeral march composed by Franz Eckert) before reaching the main gate of the funeral place at the Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden.
- 400年の歴史を持ち、京都市民からは「にしき」という愛称で呼び親しまれ、「京の台所」として地元の市民はもとより、新京極通商店街や寺町京極商店街とともに、観光客や修学旅行生も訪れる観光名所として活気のある市場として賑わう。
- With a history of 400 years, it is popularly known as 'Nishiki' among the people in Kyoto, and as a sightseeing spot, 'Kyoto's Kitchen' is crowded with tourists and students on school excursions as well as local people, together with the Shinkyogoku-dori Street shopping district and Teramachi-Kyogoku shopping district.
- 極真空手に代表されるフルコンタクトスタイルに加えて、相手が防御できない状態で正確な蹴りが入った場合、ダメージの大きさに関わらず技術点としてポイントを与え、技術的優劣を明確にするPOINTKOルールで試合をする流派である。
- Point & KO rule karate refers to karate organizations and circles that embrace not only the full-contact styles represented by Kyokushin karate but also the 'Point & KO' rules, whereby contestants' mastery of techniques is illuminated by adding technical points, regardless of the magnitude of damage, when a contestant performs an accurate kicking technique without allowing the opponent to defend.
- 古代を舞台にし、天の岩戸・十三鐘・絹懸柳などの神話伝説をモチーフにしている点、とりわけ入鹿を恐るべき怪物にし、その弱点を求めて善玉が活躍するという現代のファンタジーアクションに通じる構成は、他の浄瑠璃作品と比べ極めて異色。
- This play is very unique among Joruri plays, for its setting in ancient times, the motif of myths and legends like Ama no Iwato (the Heavenly Rock Cave: the myth that the Goddess of Sun hid herself in the cave), Jusan-gane (Thirteen Bells: the legend that a 13-year-old boy who had killed a deer was punished by Ishikozume) and Kinukake Yanagi (Robe Draped over a Willow: the legend about a court who lady drowned herself in Sarusawa-ike Pond), and particularly its structure similar to current fantasy action, which makes Iruka a horrible monster and the good guys who search for his weakness.
- 『聖徳太子伝補闕記』には皇極天皇2年(643年)に大狛法師(狛大法師、大化の改新後大化元年8月8日に孝徳天皇の「大化僧尼の詔」により十師に選ばれた)が事件後6日後に斑鳩寺にいた山背大兄王の息子弓削王を殺したと記述されている。
- According to 'Shotoku Taishi Den Hoketsuki,' Okoma no hoshi (Buddhist priest) (also called Koma no Daihoshi who were selected as one of ten supreme Buddhist leaders in 'Edict of monks and nuns in the Taika era' issued by Emperor Kotoku on September 6, 945 after Taika no Kaishin [Great Reformation of the Taika Era]) killed YAMASHIRO no Oe no o's son, YUGE no miko who was in Ikaruga-dera Temple six days later after the incident.
- ホームスタジアムの京都市西京極総合運動公園陸上競技場兼球技場は、陸上競技用トラックがフィールドと観客を隔てる構造上の問題を有し、また、敷地の狭さからこれ以上の拡張が難しいため、かねてから専用スタジアムの建設が熱望されてきた。
- Because the home stadium of Kyoto Sanga, the field and track and ball game field, Kyoto Nishikyogoku Athletic Park Stadium, has a structural problem that the track for track-and-field events separates spectators from the field, and the smallness of its premises makes it difficult to expand it further, construction of a dedicated stadium for football has been desired for a long time.
- この間も御家再興運動を積極的に行っており、原元辰らを大坂へ派遣して広島藩浅野家の家老、戸島保左衛門と会見させたり、遠林寺の住職祐海を江戸に遣わして将軍徳川綱吉やその生母桂昌院に影響力が大きい隆光大僧正らに会見させるなどした。
- During this time, he devoted himself to the restoration of the Asano clan by sending Mototoki HARA to Osaka to meet up with chief retainer of the Asano family in Hiroshima Domain, and Hosaemon TOJIMA and the head priest of Enrin-ji Temple Yukai to Edo to meet the highest ranking priest Ryuko who had a strong influence on Shogun Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA and his biological mother Keishoin.
- なお、明治40年制定の現行刑法では、殺人未遂罪に相当すると考えられるが、現行刑法では、自ら積極的に行為を中止した場合(中止未遂)の場合を除き、未遂による減軽は裁判官の裁量によるため、殺人罪の法定刑である死刑となる可能性はある。
- According to the current penal code enacted in 1907, Tsuda may be accused of attempted murder, but still there is a possibility that he is sentenced death penalty, because commutation for failed criminal cases are decided at discretion of judges except when a criminal gave up completion of crime on his own will.
- 『伽婢子』によれば、京の都・五条京極(現・京都府)で、萩原新之丞という男が美女の姿の弥子と出会い、毎晩のように情事を交わすが、ある晩に隣りの老人がそれを覗き見ると、それは新之丞と骸骨が抱き合っているという奇怪な場面だったという。
- According to 'Otogi Boko', a man called Shinnojo HAGIWARA met a beautiful woman, Iyako, in Gojo Kyogoku, Kyoto (current Kyoto Prefecture) and had an affair every night but one night, when neighboring old folk peeked into the house, he saw a strange sight that Shinnojo and skeleton embracing each other.
- 衰退の主な原因として、正装の和服が非常に高価であること、着付けが極めて繁雑でわずらわしいこと、活動的な生活には不向きであり、実用性に欠けること、温度調節がしにくく、現代の日本、特に夏場の気候には不向きであることなどがあげられる。
- The main cause may be that formal Wafuku is priced very high, dressing of Wafuku is quite complicated and troublesome, Wafuku is unsuitable for an active person and impractical, it is difficult to adjust to the temperature with Wafuku so that Wafuku is unsuitable for Modern Japan, especially during the summer season.
- しかし、日本海軍の積極的な姿勢と占領した膠州湾租借地と南洋諸島の利権確保のため、1917年2月7日から順次日本海軍第一特務艦隊をインド洋、喜望峰方面、第二特務艦隊を地中海、第三特務艦隊を南太平洋、オーストラリア東岸方面へ派遣した。
- However, encouraged by the aggressive attitude of Imperial Japanese Navy and in order to secure rights and interests in the territories under Japanese occupation: the leased territory of Jiaozhou and the South Sea Islands, it dispatched successively, since February 7, 1917, the first special duty fleet of Imperial Japanese Navy to the area around Indian Ocean and the Cape of Good Hope, the second special duty fleet to the Mediterranean, and the third special duty fleet to the area around the South Pacific Ocean and the east coast of Australia.
- 大まかには乙音(低音階)、甲音(高音階)、さらには調べ、半音、当り、揺り、止め(極高音)などを様々に組み合わせて、獅子吼に擬して仏の説法とし、悪魔降伏の威力を発揮し、更には山中を駈ける修験者同士の意思疎通を図る法具として用いられる。
- Combined with a variety of sounds such as otsuon (low pitch), kanon (high pitch) as well as shirabe, hanon (semitone), atari, yuri, and tome (very high pitch), it is considered to be a Buddhist preaching, has the power to beat evil spirits, and is even used as a tool of communication between monks who run up mountains.
- これは中国における西欧側の非道を知ったこともあるが、朱子学以外を認めない衛正斥邪という思想政策を積極的に推し進めたことから分かるように、大院君は中華思想的発想の持ち主であり、その点から西欧諸国を夷狄視していたことも理由の一つである。
- Daewongun knew the atrocities of West Europeans in China, and he actively promoted the wijŏng ch'ŏksa policy (defense of Confucian orthodoxy and rejection of Christian heterodoxy), which was not to admit ideas other than the doctrines of Zhu Xi, and also he believed in Sinocentrism, and because of this he presumed the Western Europe countries to be barbarous.
- 高次の子である京極忠高は、大坂の役での功績により、室町時代、京極氏の旧領であった出雲国隠岐国二十六万四千石へと加増されるが、嫡子の無いまま急死し、末期養子の京極高和は播磨国龍野藩六万石へと減封、さらに讃岐国丸亀藩六万石へと転封となる。
- Takatsugu's son Tadataka KYOGOKU's koku was increased to 264,000 koku of Izumo and Oki Provinces that were the Kyogoku clan's old territories, because of the great achievement in the Osaka wars, but Tadataka suddenly died without an heir, and his matsugo yoshi (adopted as a son on his deathbed) Takakazu KYOGOKU's koku was decreased to the Tasuno domain of Harima Province with 60,000 koku, and was further transferred to the Marugame domain of Sanuki Province with 60,000 koku.
- 朱子学は政治学、存在論(理・気説)、注釈学(『四書集注』等)、倫理学(「性即理」説)、方法論(「居敬窮理」説)などを全て包括する総合的な哲学大系であって、朱子の偉大さはその体系内にはあっては極めて整合性の取れた論理を展開した点にある。
- Shushigaku is a comprehensive system of philosophy covering political science, ontology (the theories of ri and ki), exegetics ('The Four Books', etc), ethics (theory of 'Sei soku ri'), methodology (theory of 'Kyokei Kyuri'), amongst others, and Zhu Xi was great enough to develop an extremely consistent logic in that system.
- 皇位継承者の決定が難航したときは、女性天皇が選ばれることもあり、推古天皇、皇極天皇が即位して、他に適当な男子の皇位承継者が現れるまで皇位についた(女帝が選ばれた理由には諸説あり、律令制以前の中継ぎ説を認めないなどの異説が多く存在する)。
- There was some occasion that the female Emperor was chosen when there was an issue to decide who to succeed to the throne, there were Emperor Suiko and Emperor Kogyoku who succeeded to the throne until there was appropriate male successor was found. (There were many theories of the reason why the female Emperors were chosen, some people are against the theory of not accepting the temporally Imperial succession until there was someone appropriate to become Emperor before the government of Ritsuryo codes system.)
- しかし積極的に宗教や神仏を否定するわけではなく、いざとなった場合は神仏に頼ったり「祟り」や「罰(ばち)」などの宗教的概念を尊重する日本人が多いことからも、日本人の多くは特定の宗教を信仰しない無宗教ではあっても無神論者というわけではない。
- Most Japanese have no religion, nor practice a particular religion, but it may be not true that they are atheists, as seen from the fact that many of them do not strongly deny religions or Shinto and Buddhist deities, rely on the deities when they are in trouble, and respect religious ideas, such as 'curses' and 'bad karma.'
- また、全空連の試合規則、いわゆる「寸止め(極め)」ルールに対する不満などから、大山倍達の極真会館に代表されるような、フルコンタクト空手という、直接打撃制スタイル(顔面攻撃を除く)を採用する流派もあらわれ、一大勢力を形成するようになった。
- Also, backed by practitioners who were dissatisfied with the JKF's so-called 'sundome (kime)' match rules, there emerged organizations and circles that advocated full-contact karate--as represented by the Kyokushin Kaikan founded by Masutatsu OYAMA--which was characterized by a direct-attack style (attacks to the face were prohibited), and these organizations came to have power in the karate realm.
- すると樽の中に極小の微粒子だけが浮遊しており、微粒子の少ないうわ水を捨て、底に沈殿している微粒子のカスを残し、その昼間の微粒子の含有の多い水を掬って別の大きな容器に移して、沈殿を防ぎ雁皮などの繊維への密着凝固を助けるために苦汁を加える。
- As a result, only ultrafine particles of a minimal size are suspended in the barrel, and discarding the top water including some of the minute particles and leaving the dregs of the ultrafine particles settled on the bottom, scoop up the middle part of the water rich ultrafine particle suspension, put it into another container and add bittern in order to prevent settling and to help it to adhere and clot to fibers including ganpi.
- 外家拳は少林拳を代表とする、剛直に激しく戦う拳法、内家拳は太極拳を代表とする、威力を内面に秘めて呼吸と調和させる、一見緩慢としか見えない拳法とする説もあるが、この分類は近年に出来たもので、実際にはどの拳法も両面を兼ね備えていると言える。
- There is a theory that the external group, including Shaolin Kung Fu, features the integrity and strong way of fighting, and the internal group, including Taiqiquan, features the seemingly-sluggish movement holding power inside the body along with breathing, but they were classified in recent years and in fact both groups have a combination of those features.
- 「吉野紙」としては極薄様の紙で名高く、『七十一番歌合』に、「忘らるる我が身よ いかに奈良紙の薄き契りは むすばざりしを」とあり、奈良紙すなわち吉野の延紙(鼻紙)の薄さを「やはやは」と、みやびやかに呼んで、公家の女性たちはその薄さを愛した。
- It is famous for its extreme thinness as 'Yoshino paper' and in the 'Seventy-one workmen's competitions of waka' there is a waka that says 'myself to be forgotten, why? We never exchange marriage vows as thin as Nara paper' and the thinness of Nara-gami, that is, nobe-gami (a high quality tissue) of Yoshino, was called 'yawayawa' (very soft one) elegant and loved by noble women.
- よく忍者漫画や映画などで、次々に複数の手裏剣を投げつけたり、敵を殺傷する攻撃手段として使用するシーンがあるが、基本的に忍者の武器・道具というのは「逃走用の時間稼ぎ」が主目的であり、積極的にこちらから戦闘を仕掛ける目的で使用する事は少ない。
- Scenes where multiple shuriken are thrown one after the other, or are used as a method of attack to kill or injure an enemy are common in ninja cartoons and movies, but the main purpose of the weapons and tools for ninja are basically to 'gain time for escape' and they were not commonly used to actively provoke a fight.
- たとえば、「青柳」は「極楽は日想(にさう)観に寄せてや思へ其荘厳(かざり)めでた水を見て瑠璃の池に思をかけよ深き益(やく)ありや」とうたい、「伊勢海」は「瑠璃の地の木立めでたや宝の池の黄金の浜ごとに玉や拾はむや玉や拾はむや」のようにうたった。
- For example, 'Aoyagi' was sung as 'Gokuraku ha nisau kan ni yoseteya omoe sono kazari medeta mizu wo mite ruri no ike ni omoi wo kakeyo fukaki yaku ariya,' and 'Ise no umi' was sung as 'Ruri no chi no kotachi medetaya takara no ike no kogane no hama gotoni tamaya hirowamuya tamaya hirowamuya.'
- なお、徳富蘇峰の『近世日本国民史』以来、天皇が幕府の圧力によって退位したとする説があるが、実際には退位後においても積極的に政治や学問の振興策を主導しており、むしろ幕府からの干渉を避けるために院政による政治運営を行う狙いがあったと考えられている。
- There is a theory that the Emperor abdicated under pressure from the government after the publication of 'Modern Japanese History,' by Soho TOKUTOMI; however, it is considered that after his abdication, he aimed to focus on ruling the cloister government without pressure from the government, doing so by actively promoting political and academic programs.
- 結果的には上記提案どおりであったが、両統迭立の約束自体が極めて不確実な状態のまま大覚寺統傍系の後醍醐が即位したことは、後醍醐が父後宇多の遺志に従わずに自分の子孫に皇位を継承させようとしたこともあり、南北朝時代 (日本)の両統並立に繋がっていった。
- The above proposal was achieved, but the enthronement of Godaigo, who was in the collateral line of Daikakuji-to, without a definite agreement on alternate succession led to the concurrent succession in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), where Godaigo attempted to make his descendant succeed to the throne irrespective of the wishes of his father Gouda.
- その目的は、西郷と共に下野した不平士族たちを統率することと、県内の若者を教育することであったが、外国人講師を採用したり、優秀な私学校徒を欧州へ遊学させる等、積極的に西欧文化を取り入れており、外征を行うための強固な軍隊を創造することを目指していた。
- SAIGO founded the schools to lead the band of fuhei shizoku (former samurai with gripes), who left the government as he did, and to educate the youth in the prefecture; moreover, with the goal of forming a strong army to go on a foreign campaign, he positively introduced Western culture by employing foreign instructors and sending capable students to Western countries to study.
- この戦いは火砲の使用が初めて記録された戦いとしても有名であり、また馬防柵を急造設置したらしい痕跡が現在発掘調査で明らかになりつつあると言われているが、火砲は使用されたとしても極少数であり、使用の事実及び効果に付いてはまだ今後の研究を待つ所が大きい。
- This battle is famous for the first record of the use of the gun, and it is said that the evidence of rapidly established horse-blocking fence is being revealed by an excavation and research, but, even though guns were used, they were very few and the fact and effect of the use of guns still remain to be proven.
- 一方では日本酒アルコール添加を、かつての三増酒に施した防腐や嵩増しの目的ではなく、あくまでも酒質を高めるための究極の技法として追及している石川県「菊姫」の菊姫合資会社のように、純米蔵宣言とは別の方向で日本酒の品質向上と信頼回復に励んでいる蔵もある。
- On the other hand, there are some sake breweries which make efforts to improve the quality of sake and restore the reliability as Kikuhime Joint-stock Company of 'Kikuhime' in Ishikawa Prefecture which seek a way of adding alcohol as an ultimate method to improve the quality of sake in stead of the purpose of preventing putrefaction or increasing volume like sanzoshu.
- 近年の中西康裕らの説では、道鏡が実際に皇位を狙ったとすれば極刑に該当する重罪であるにも関わらず称徳天皇崩御後の下野への流刑は罰としてはあまりにも軽く、浄人ら一族関係者にも死罪が出ていないことから、皇位継承を企てたという説は「後付」ではないかとされる。
- According to the opinion of Yasuhiro NAKANISHI and others in recent years, Dokyo's plot to ascend the Imperial Throne might have been 'added' by people in the later generations from the reasons that the exile to Shimotsuke was too light if Dokyo really aimed at ascending the Imperial Throne since it is a serious crime falling under the maximum penalty, and that people related to Dokyo including Kiyohito were not punished by the capital punishment.
- 当時「曾波牟岐(蕎麦/そばむぎ)」(『本草和名』・『和名類聚抄』)あるいは「久呂無木(くろむぎ)」(『和名類聚抄』)と呼ばれていたソバが積極的に栽培されたとする記録は見られない(なお、『和名類聚抄』では、蕎麦(そばむぎ)をムギの1種として紹介している)。
- There are no records indicating that cultivation of buckwheat which was referred to as 'sobamugi' (buckwheat) ('Honzowamyo' (dictionary of medical plants) and 'Wamyoruiju-sho' - Kango-Japanese Dictionary in mid Heian period) or Kuromugi (buckwheat) ('Wamyoruiju-sho') was active in those days (and, additionally, buckwheat was defined as a type of wheat in 'Wamyoruiju-sho').
- 近世の山科流は極彩色で縁取りした金の源氏雲を描き(金は泥絵具・箔ともに例がある。山科流の女子用は雲に金銀を用いるが、横目扇は金一色)、飛鶴2羽と大松を描き、松の根元の丘には笹を描き、左に群青色の水を配し、水には銀泥で観世水(波)を描き、なかに緑色の亀を描く。
- Fans of Yamashina school in the early-modern times had a picture as follows: gold Genjigumo (floating clouds) with brilliant-colored frames (both pigments made from earth materials and foil were used for gold; gold and silver were used for girl's fan of Yamashina school but only gold was used for cross-grained fans); two flying cranes and a big pine tree; bamboo grass on the hill at the bottom of the pine tree; ultramarine water on the left; in the water there were Kanzemizu (whirling waves) drawn with silver paint; and a green turtle.
- 地域の事情により古くから大工と言う職業が多数存在する地域もあったが、自治単位の人口の少ないところでは、十分の付き合い(相互扶助のこと村八分と言う言葉で知られる)の一つとして建前(上棟)には人手がいるためお互い様として地域住民が積極的に手伝う事が当然であった。
- In some communities there were traditionally many carpenters, while in other communities with smaller populations, it was natural that the residents would be proactive in supporting each other when building the framework of a house (framework raising) which is very labor intensive, and due to the social obligation called jubu-no-tsukiai (adequate relationship) those who did not cooperate may be ostracized or become 'murahachibu.'
- 現在では、級別制度のあったころに比べて消費者が自分で商品情報を見極めて選択できるように、原料米名、産地名など、国税庁による日本酒国税庁の清酒の製法品質表示基準による任意記載事項を初めとして、精米歩合、仕込み方、瓶詰めの仕方など多様な情報がラベルに表示されている。
- As compared with the time when the old classification system was still effective, the optional entries such as brand name of the rice and area of production based on the standard that regulates the method of manufacturing and quality labeling of refined sake issued by the National Tax Administration Agency, as well as various information on the rice-polishing ratio, preparation method, and bottling method, are nowadays listed on the label in order for consumers to evaluate the product information and select their product on their own.
- 十如是とは、相(形相)・性(本質)・体(形体)・力(能力)・作(作用)・因(直接的な原因)・縁(条件・間接的な関係)・果(因に対する結果)・報(報い・縁に対する間接的な結果)・本末究竟等相(相から報にいたるまでの9つの事柄が究極的に無差別平等であること)をいう。
- Junyoze refers to a form (appearance), nature (essence), embodiment (entity), potency (power), function (action), a primary cause (direct cause), a secondary cause (condition or indirect connection), effect (result of a primary cause), recompense (retribution or indirect result of a secondary cause), and complete fundamental whole (ultimate equality in nine factors from the form to the recompense).
- 頼通が失意のあまり引退した後、藤原彰子の推挙で弟の教通を関白にしたが、反摂関家の急先鋒で東宮時代の天皇を庇護していた故能信の養子の藤原能長や、村上源氏の源師房等を登用して摂関家の政権独占打破を図り、大江匡房や藤原実政等の下級役人などを登用し、積極的に親政を行った。
- After Yorimichi abdicated with great disappointment, his brother Norimichi became chancellor (chief advisor to the Emperor) with the help of FUJIWARA no Shoshi; moreover, Fujiwara no Yoshinobu's adopted son FUJIWARA no Yoshinaga and MINAMOTO no Morofusa, of the Murakami Minamoto clan, were given the positions needed to defeat the dominant politics of the Sekkan-ke, and appointed the lower government officials such as OE no Masafusa and FUJIWARA no Sanemasa, because FUJIWARA no Yoshinobu had supported the Emperor when he was the crown prince and was an active leader in opposition to the Sekkan-ke.
- またこれら現行曲も長い歴史の中で演出等が洗練に次ぐ洗練を重ねられ、当世梅若六郎の言葉を借りると「完璧にカットされ、磨かれたダイアモンド」「長い時間をかけて繰り返し繰り返し磨き込まれてきた、美しい宝石」と評される、極限まで高められた完成度を持つものとなってきている。
- These songs currently played have also been sophisticated continuously as to their stage-management, etc., in their long history and, using the words of the current Rokuro UMEWAKA, these songs as songs which have the degree of perfection which has been pursued to the limit being admired as 'diamonds each perfectly cut and polished' or 'beautiful jewels which have been repeatedly polished.'
- 持統天皇が文武天皇に譲位をして太上天皇になったのが最初であり(皇極天皇が弟・孝徳天皇に譲位した例はあるが、このときには「太上天皇」号は存在しておらず、また、その後斉明天皇として重祚している)、江戸時代後期光格天皇が仁孝天皇に譲位するまで、計62人の上皇が存在した。
- The first Emperor to become Daijo Tenno was Emperor Jito, who handed over the throne to Emperor Monmu, (though there is an example of Empress Kogyoku, who transferred the throne to her younger brother Emperor Kotoku, but at this time, there was no title of 'Daijo Tenno' and, thereafter, she acceded to the throne again as Empress Saimei) and up until Emperor Kokaku handed over the throne to Emperor Ninko in the late Edo period, there were 62 Joko's in total.
- 木山寺(真庭市)、西大寺 (岡山市寺院)(岡山市)、極楽寺(廿日市市)、国分寺(下関市、防府市)、立江寺 (小松島市)(小松島市)、薬王寺 (美波町)(美波町)、鶴林寺 (勝浦町)(勝浦町)、三角寺(四国中央市)、南蔵院(福岡県篠栗町)、呑山観音寺(福岡県篠栗町)
- Kiyama-ji Temple (in Maniwa City), Saidai-ji Temple (in Okayama City), Gokuraku-ji Temple (in Hatsukaichi City), Kokubun-ji Temple (in Shimonoseki City, in Hofu City), Tatsue-ji Temple (in Komatsushima City), Yakuo-ji Temple (in Minami-cho), Kakurin-ji Temple (in Katsuura-cho), Sankaku-ji Temple (in Shikokuchuo City), Nanzo-in Temple (in Sasaguri-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture), Nomiyama Kannon-ji Temple (in Sasaguri-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture)
- 商工会議所ビル自体は解体されたが、居留地の一角を占める百貨店大丸神戸店が自ら所有していたウィリアム・メレル・ヴォーリズ設計の近代建築をLive Lab West(現旧居留地38番館)として店舗化し、さらに周辺の近代西洋建築へ高級ブティックを積極的に出店していった。
- A department store Daimaru Kobe, which was in The Foreign Settlement, made the modern architecture it owned designed by William Merrell Vories into the shop as Live Lab West (now The Former Foreign Settlement 38th Building), opening up luxury boutiques aggressively in modern western architectures nearby, though Chamber of Commerce and Industry Building itself had been torn down.
- 一般にこの説は中世歌学特有の伝説の類として否定されているが、文献学的に言えば内親王に関する資料があまりにも少ないがために、これを積極的に肯定することも、或いは否定することもできないというのが実情である(定家が内親王より十三歳年下であるというのが否定説の唯一の根拠)。
- Generally this theory is denied as typical theory of the Medieval poem association, however, in fact it is hard to agree or not since philologically there were not enough historical records on the Imperial Princess. (The only reason to deny this theory was that Teika was thirteen years younger than the Imperial Princess.)
- 平安時代、桓武天皇の政策により東宮とならなかった親王を八省卿にする方針が打ち出されたが、後に親王に政治責任を負わせることに消極的な立場から中務省、兵部省兵部省 (律令制)、式部省、弾正尹、大宰帥といった名誉職に就いて俸禄のみを得て、政務には携わらないという慣習ができた。
- In the Heian period, a plan was put out for making the Shinno, who was not able to become a Togu (crown prince) due to Emperor Kammu's policy, a Minister for one of the eight central ministries, but later, from a passive viewpoint towards putting political responsibility on a Shinno, it became a custom for a Shinno to take the position of an honorary office such as the Ministry of Central Affairs, Ministry of Military (Treasury code), Ministry of Ceremonial, Danjoin, and Dazai no sochi, where they received only stipends and did not participate in state affairs.
- 元明天皇(げんめいてんのう、皇極天皇7年(661年) - 養老5年12月7日 (旧暦)(721年12月29日))は、奈良時代初代天皇で第43代の天皇で女帝(在位:慶雲4年7月17日 (旧暦)(707年8月18日) - 和銅8年9月2日 (旧暦)(715年10月3日))。
- Empress Genmei (also known as Empress Genmyo) (661 – December 29, 721) was the first tenno (emperor) in the Nara period and the forty-third tenno (empress regnant) who reigned from August 18, 707 – October 3, 715).
- だが、この路線確立に大きな影響力を与えてきた藤原仲麻呂が失脚して、仏教僧でありながら積極的に祈祷を行うなどの前代の巫的要素を併せ持った道鏡が政権の中枢に立ったことによって、宇佐八幡宮側が失地回復を目指して道鏡側に対して接触を試みた延長線上に同事件を位置づけられるという。
- However, the view points out that the Oracle Incident can be seen as an extension of the attempt by the Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine to regain power by approaching Dokyo side, from the fact that FUJIWARA no Nakamaro who had given a significant influence in establishing this course of event fell from power, and instead, Dokyo who was a Buddhist priest but at the same time had a characteristic of a spiritual medium such as actively conducting prayers, took over the center of the politics.
- 『日本書紀』の皇極天皇元年(642年)7月12日 (旧暦)「乙亥 饗百濟使人大佐平智積等於朝 或本云 百濟使人大佐平智積及兒達率 闕名 恩率軍善乃命健兒相撲於翹岐前」にあるとおり百済の王族の使者をもてなすため、健児(こんでい・ちからひと)に相撲を取らせたことが書かれている。
- The 'Nihonshoki' states 'The emperor entertained ambassadors from Paekche including Chishaku TAISAHEI at the Imperial Court, and he told strong men to have sumo matches in front of Gyogi,' kondei (regular soldiers guarding kokubu (ancient provincial offices)) had sumo matches to entertain a royal envoy from Paekche on August 15, 642.
- なお、サントリー「スーパーブルー」および「金麦」やアサヒ「極旨(ゴクうま)」、キリン「良質素材」、サッポロ「W-DRY(ダブルドライ)」、オリオンビール「サザンスター」は発泡酒とスピリッツを原料としているため「リキュール」に分類(このタイプは「第四のビール」とも呼ばれる)。
- Suntory's 'Super Blue' and 'Kin mugi,' Asahi's 'Gokuuma,' Kirin's 'Ryoshitsu Sozai,' Sapporo's 'W-DRY' and 'Southern Star' sold by Orion Beer Co., Ltd. are classified into 'liqueur,' because they are made from low-malt beer and spirits. (This type is also called 'the fourth beer').
- 厩戸皇子は『法華経』・『維摩経』・『勝鬘経』の三つの経の解説書(『三経義疏』)を書き、『十七条憲法』の第二条に、「篤(あつく)く三宝を敬へ 三寶とは佛(ほとけ) 法(のり)僧(ほうし)なり」(「篤敬三寶 三寶者 佛 法 僧也」)と書くなど、仏教の導入に積極的な役割を果たした。
- Prince Umayado played an active role in the introduction of Buddhism, writing the 'Sankyogisho' commentaries on the three sutras of 'Hokke-kyo' (the Lotus Sutra), 'Yuimagyo' (Vimalakirti Sutra) and 'Shomangyo' (Srimala Sutra) and the second article of the Seventeen-Article Constitution, which states, 'Sincerely revere the three treasures; the three treasures are the Buddha, his laws and the priesthood'.
- 『古事記』敏達段の押坂彦人大兄皇子の系譜に百済王の名は見えず、妃糠手姫皇女所生の多良王(たらのみこ、舒明天皇同母弟)である可能性(「久多良王」の「久」が脱落したか?)が大きいと推察される一方、妃大俣王所生の茅渟王(ちぬのみこ、皇極天皇・孝徳天皇の父)と同一人と推定する説もある。
- In 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), there was no name of Kudara no Okimi in Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko's genealogy in the Emperor Bidatsu's section, it is highly possible that the Kudara no Okimi was Tara no miko (a younger brother-uterine of the Emperor Jomei) who was born to Nukadehime no himemiko ('Ku' in 'Kutara no miko' may have been dropped?); on the other hand, there is another theory saying that he was Kinu no miko (the father of the Emperor Kogyoku and the Emperor Kotoku) born to Omata no miko.
- そのほか、釈迦が入滅してから1500年が経過すると仏教はその有効性を失うとする末法思想を背景に、末法の世において娑婆世界で成道すること(自力聖道門)の困難を主張し、それを放棄することでいったん阿弥陀仏の極楽浄土へ往生してから成道すること(他力浄土門)を提唱する浄土教も起こった。
- The Jodo (Pure Land) sect also appeared, preaching, based on the Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief), that Buddhism loses its effectiveness 1500 years after Shakyamuni's death, the difficulty of Jodo in this corrupt world in the era of Mappo (Age of the Final Dharma) (Jirikishodomon), and that, by giving it up, one can perform Jodo in the Pure Land of Amida Buddha after dying (Tarikijodomon).
- 印西派における射法の教えについて、物理学的・医学的等の見地からの研究が筑波大(旧東京教育大)で行われているが、その伝承されてきた事項について科学的な見地から否定されるものが一切発見されておらず、古来からの教えが戦場での経験に基づいた極めて合理的・科学的なことが裏付けられている。
- About doctrine of the shooting method in the Insai school, the University of Tsukuba (formerly Tokyo University of Education) is conducting research about it from a medical and physical viewpoint; concerning the contents of the doctrine, there has been nothing discovered at all that can be denied from a scientific viewpoint, rather, it has been proven that this ancient doctrine based on battlefield experiences is extremely reasonable and scientific.
- 代表的な流派は、一切の防具着用をせず、また一部で素手の拳による顔面攻撃を認めた試合を行うため、もっとも過激なルールと言われる真武館などや、スーパーセーフを使用する極真会館分派の大道塾空道(現在は空手道ではなく大道塾空道と名乗っている)とその分派である和術慧舟會、空手道禅道会などがある。
- Representative circles include Shinbukan, which is known for the most aggressive rules--no protective gear are used, and punches to the face are allowed in portions of matches; Daido Juku Kudo (currently they don't use Karatedo but use Kudo), an offshoot of the Kyokushin Kaikan that uses the Super Safe protective gear; Wajutsu Keishukai, an offshoot of Daido Juku; and Karatedo Zendokai.
- 世話物では『四谷怪談』の民谷伊右衛門、『於染久松色読販』(お染の七役)の鬼兵衛、『四千両小判梅葉』(四千両 しせんりょう)の藤岡藤十郎、『梅雨小袖昔八丈』(髪結新三 かみゆい しんざ)の弥太五郎源七、『極付幡随長兵衛』の幡随院長兵衛、『東山桜荘子』(佐倉義民伝 さくら ぎみんでん)の木内宗吾。
- Sewamono (domestic dramas dealing with the lives of commoners) roles included Iemon TAMIYA in 'Yotsuya Kaidan,' Onihei in 'Osome Hisamatsu Ukina no Yomiuri' ('Osome no Nanayaku'), Tojuro FUJIOKA in 'Shisenryo Koban no Umenoha' ('Shisenryo'), Yatagoro Genshichi in 'Tsuyu Kosode Mukashi Hachijo' ('Kamiyui Shinza'), Banzuiin Chobei in 'Kiwametsuki Banzuichobei,' and Sogo KIUCHI in 'Higashiyama Sakura Soshi' ('Sakura Giminden').
- 化粧は額に「位星(くらいほし)」と呼ばれる丸を黒、または赤で入れ、鼻筋を白く塗るのが基本だが、それ以外は、殆ど素顔、口紅を塗るだけの場合から、大人のフォーマルと同様の厚化粧、歌舞伎舞踊と同様の舞台化粧(極稀にお歯黒を付ける場合や引眉する場合がある)、バレエと同様な洋風の厚化粧、と結構様々である。
- Basically they wear makeup called 'kuraihoshi' putting black or red circles on their faces and painting the bridges of their noses with white, but there are many variations of their makeup: the light makeup like just putting some lipstick, the makeup as thick as adult's formal makeup, stage makeup like an actor in the kabuki dance (very rarely, chigo stain their teeth black or paint eyebrows), thick makeup like a ballerina, and so on.
- 貞享5年(1680年)有栖川宮幸仁親王の養子となるが、幸仁親王に実子が誕生したことに加え、元禄5年(1692年)作宮の夭折によって常磐井宮(桂宮)が空主となっていたため、元禄8年(1695年)幸仁親王との養子縁組を解消し、翌元禄9年(1696年)7月常磐井宮家を相続し、新たに京極宮の宮号を賜った。
- Although he was adopted by Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Yukihito in 1680, he cancelled the adoption in 1695 because Imperial Prince Yukihito's own child was born and Tokiwainomiya lost its family head due to Sakunomiya's early death in 1692, inheriting the Tokiwainomiya family by being granted the new reigning name, Kyogokunomiya in July, 1696.
- 『うつほ物語』に「万葉仮名にもあらず、日本の書道史女手にもあらず」と記された草仮名が、極めて自然な形で女手と巧みに交用され、また、「悪(あ)」・「盈(え)」・「祈(き)」・「倶(く)」・「致(ち)」・「帝(て)」・「廬(ろ)」など、後世の上代様古筆には余り見慣れない珍しい文字字母が使用されている。
- In 'Utsuho Monogatari' (The Tale of the Cavern), sogana, which is described as 'neither manyo-gana (the use of Chinese characters for their phonetic value), nor onnade,' is skillfully mixed with onnade in an extremely natural way and also uses unusual characters, which are not seen in the later jodaiyo kohitsu.
- 一般的には、論理の明解さから新説を支持する意見が多いとされるが、美術史の立場からは、三像の画風が平安後期-鎌倉初期のものであり、様式から見て南北朝期のものとは言い難く、三像の成立を南北朝期まで下らせる積極的理由のないことが繰り返し強調されるなど、両者間の断絶は大きく、論争の終結はまだ見込まれていない。
- The new theory has been strongly supported generally for its clear logic; however, in terms of art history, they are taking a drawing style which is seen in the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period, that could not be a drawing in the period of Northern and Southern Courts, and it is repeatedly claimed that there is no positive evidence to consider that these three portraits were done in the period of Northern and Southern Courts; there has been a significant gap between these theories and the controversy has not yet been concluded.
- 元禄10年10月6日、江戸では諸大名の江戸屋敷留守居役が、幕府の勘定奉行荻原重秀に呼び出され、「酒の商売人が多く、下々の者がみだりに酒を飲み不届き至極である。よって、すべての造り酒屋に対して運上金を課する。酒の価格にはこの運上金を上乗せし、今までの五割増しの値段で酒類を販売せよ」との覚書を手渡された。
- On November 19, 1697, Shigehide OGIWARA, a kanjo bugyo of the bakufu, summoned and handed rusuiyaku (persons representing the master during his absence) of the Edo residences owned by territorial lords a memorandum saying 'it is completely unforgivable that there are many sake merchants and that commoners drink sake unnecessarily. Therefore, business taxes shall be imposed on all sake breweries. Add the business taxes onto the price of sake and sell alcoholic drinks for 50 percent more than the previous price.'
- もう一つは、交流を禁止してしまったことで、ヨーロッパ(後にアメリカ合衆国も)で発達した産業革命による技術や文化を積極的に受け入れられなくなり、世界の潮流からとりのこされて科学文化が浸透せず(理系軽視)、ひいては太平洋戦争の敗戦の遠因ともなってしまった、とする和辻哲郎にみられるように否定的なものである。
- Another evaluation, typified by Tetsuro WATSUJI, argues that Japan fell behind the global current because of its inability to introduce technology and culture similar to what was being developed during the Industrial Revolution in Europe (later in the United States as well) due to its prohibition on exchanging with other countries; this not only resulted in the failure of Japan to make a scientific culture permeate throughout the nation (science courses were disregarded), but also became an underlying cause of defeat in the Pacific War.
- この『山門』は、『楼門詠千本』の「南禅寺山門の場」や、『青砥稿花紅彩画』大詰の「極楽寺山門の場」・「滑川土橋の場」など、『楼門五三桐』以後に書かれた石川五右衛門や五右衛門をモデルとした大盗賊を主役とする数々の演目にほぼそのままのかたちで取り入れられており、誰もが一度は見たがった人気の一幕であったことが窺える。
- 'Sanmon' is considered to have been very popular since soon after the opening, because it was adopted without big changes for many other kabuki where the leading character was Goemon ISHIKAWA or a big bandit written after Goemon; popular titles among such kabuki are 'Nanzen-ji Sanmon-no-ba' (Scene at Sanmon Gate of Nanzen-ji Temple) of 'Sanmon Hitome-senbon', the last scene of 'Aoto-zoshi Hana-no-nishiki-e', 'Gokuraku-ji Sanmon-no-ba' (Scene at Sanmon Gate of Gokuraku-ji Temple) and 'Namekawa Dobashi-no-ba' (Scene at the bridge covered with soil across Namekawa River) of the same kabuki.
- 源顕房の娘・藤原賢子が産んだ堀河天皇の治世では、「左右大臣、左右大将、源氏同時に相並ぶ例、未だ此の事あらず」(『中右記』寛治7年(1093年)12月27日条)、「近代公卿廿四人、源氏の人半ばを過ぎるか、未だ此の如き事あらんか」(『中右記』康和4年(1102年)6月23日条)とあるように外戚として隆盛を極めた。
- As maternal relatives, Morofusa's descendants were at the height of their prosperity during the reign of Emperor Horikawa, who was a biological son of MINAMOTO no Akifusa's daughter, FUJIWARA no Kenshi, as can be seen from 'members of the Minamoto clan positioned side by side as the Minister of the Left and the Minister of the Right, as well as the Major Captain of the Left and the Right Divisions of Inner Palace Guards, which has never happened before' ('Chuyuki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Munetada), the article of January 22, 1094) and from 'there are 24 modern-day kugyo (court nobility), of which more than half are from the Minamoto clan, which has never happened before' ('Chuyuki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Munetada), the article of written on August 15, 1102).
- 「躍り」とは言わず「舞」とする点を見てもわかるように、極度に硬い描線と身体の緊張を核として簡素な動きのなかに豊富なイメージを描き出そうとする舞であり、初代井上八千代が近衛家、一条家や仙洞御所づとめの折に能に示唆を得て貴顕の前に披露しても恥ずかしくない舞踊を作ったという口伝をそのままに体現した舞踊であるといえる。
- As the use of the word 'mai' instead of 'odori' suggests in Japanese, the dance is characterized by extremely rigid movements and tension of the body, yet creating rich images with simple motions; inspired by Noh dances when she worked for the Konoe Family, Ichijo Family, and the Sento Imperial Palace, the founder of this dance, Yachiyo INOUE, created a dance that was presentable in front of distinguished persons, and its teaching has been passed down by word of mouth ever since.
- 後に江戸時代には、この公家の楊弓と庶民の神事である祭り矢・祭り弓が元になり「的屋(まとや)」が営む懸け物(賭け事)の「的矢(弓矢の射的遊技)」として庶民に楽しまれ、江戸時代の後期には隆盛を極め、大正時代まで続いたといわれるが、江戸時代から大正に至るまで好ましくない賭博や風俗であるとされ、度々、規制や禁止がなされた。
- Later in the Edo Period, yokyu combined with the common 'festival bows and arrows' ritual to became a gambling game called 'matoya' (written with the characters for 'target' and 'arrow') run by people who were also called 'matoya' (written with the characters for 'target' and 'monger') and which prospered from the late Edo Period through the Taisho Period (1912 - 1926), although it was occasionally banned as it was considered to be undesirable gambling and to corrupt public morals.
- 一方、釈迦の教えを忠実に実行し、涅槃(輪廻からの解脱)に到ることを旨とした上座部仏教に対し、それが究極においてみずからはどこまでも釈迦の教えの信奉者というにととどまるもので、自身が「仏陀」(如来)として真理を認識できる境地に到達できないのではないかという批判的見地から起こった仏教における一大思想運動という側面もある。
- On the other hand, it can be seen as a major thought shift in Buddhism occurring from a standpoint of criticism against Theravada Buddhism, which includes the principle of devoted practice of the teachings of Shakyamuni in order to attain nirvana (deliverance from the wheel of life); as the practitioner ultimately remains no more than a believer of the Buddha's teachings, one cannot reach the state of recognizing the truth as a 'Buddha' (Nyorai (Tathagata)).
- 「侘び・寂び」に対する理解も次第に変質し、美しい石灯籠を「完璧すぎる」とわざと打ち欠いたり、割れて接いだ茶碗を珍重するなど、大衆には理解し難い振る舞いもあって、庶民の間で「茶人」が「変人」の隠語となる事態も招いた(禅の極端化にも共通する過度の精神主義であるし、「粋な自分」を誇示する、本来の茶道とは外れた行為でもある)。
- The understanding of 'wabi (taste for the simple and quiet) or sabi (quiet simplicity)' gradually changed, behavior, like breaking a beautiful stone lantern for being 'too perfect,' treasuring a tea bowl that was repaired after being cracked, became incomprehensible for the masses that it made locals to call 'chajin' (a man of tea) as 'henjin' (abnormal man) (it had a close resemblance to extreme Zen and excessive spiritualism and was a behavior far removed from the original sado).
- 多くの貴醸酒が日本酒純米酒としての造りで、また日本酒国税庁の清酒の製法品質表示基準による任意記載事項、日本酒国税庁の清酒の製法品質表示基準による任意記載事項などのバリエーションがあるが、酒を酒で仕込むだけあって味も極めてこく、濃醇な甘みと適度な酸味やすっきりとした後味を持ち、食前酒や食後酒向きの奥行きの深い味わいを有している。
- Many kijoshu sake varieties are brewed as pure Japanese rice sake (called 'junmaishu' in Japanese), and although there are variations in the optional descriptions given based on the standards for the labeling of the brewing methods and quality of refined sake defined by the National Tax Agency, all kijoshu sake varieties, brewed with sake, have a strong taste, lingering sweetness, a pleasant sour taste and a fresh aftertaste, along with deep flavors that make them suitable as an aperitif or digestif.
- 院政中には2回の元の対日侵攻(元寇)が起こり、自ら伊勢神宮で祈願するなど積極的な活動を行った(当時の治天・亀山上皇と天子・後宇多天皇の父子いずれかが「身を以って国難に代える祈願」を伊勢大神宮に奉ったことは史実のようだが、さて父子のどちらにその祈願を帰すべきかは、大正年間に学者の間で大論争を呼んでいまだ決着のつかない問題である)。
- During his reign the Mongolians invaded Japan (Genko, Mongolian Expeditions against Japan) twice, the Emperor acted eagerly to pray at Ise Jingu Shrine, etc. (During this period, both the Retired Emperor Kameyama and Emperor Gouda, father and son, prayed at Ise Jingu Shrine and were ready to sacrifice themselves to help the nation, however it is not clear who to appreciate for this, the Retired Emperor Kameyama or Emperor Gouda, and this was a big controversial theory between the scholars during the Taisho period and the issue still has not been concluded.)
- 「タラシヒコ」という称号は12代景行、13代成務、14代仲哀の3天皇が持ち、ずっと下がって7世紀前半に在位したことの確実な34代舒明、35代皇極の両天皇も同じ称号をもつことから、タラシヒコの称号は7世紀前半のものであり、12,13,14代の称号は後世の造作ということになり、仲哀天皇の実在性には疑問が出されている(仲哀天皇架空説)。
- The title 'Tarashihiko' was held by the twelfth Emperor, Keiko, the thirteenth Emperor, Seimu, and the fourteenth Emperor, Chuai, although this title is believed to have come into use in the early seventh century, when it was used by the thirty-fourth Emperor, Jomei and the thirty-fifth Emperor, Kogyoku, both of whom are known to have existed, and added later to the twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth Emperors, raising doubts about the actual existence of Emperor Chuai (theory of Emperor Chuai as a fictional person).
- そして、同年同月、伝統派空手に疑問を抱き、独自の理論で直接打撃制の空手試合を模索していた極真会館創始者の大山倍達(おおやま ますたつ)によって、防具を一切着用しない、素手、素足の直接打撃制(足技以外の顔面攻撃禁止制)による第1回オープントーナメント全日本空手道選手権大会が代々木の東京体育館で開催され空手界に一大旋風を巻き起こした。
- That same month, Masutatsu OYAMA, the founder of Kyokushin Kaikan, who, having become skeptical of traditional-style karate, was pursuing the realization of karate tournaments under direct-attack rules based on his own philosophy, generated a great buzz throughout the karate realm by hosting the first Open Tournament All Japan Karatedo Championships at Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Yoyogi, whereby contestants, who were prohibited from wearing any protective gear, fought with bare hands and bare feet under direct-attack rules (attacks to the face were prohibited, except with kicking).
- また、東福門院(徳川和子)に対する配慮から後光明天皇・後西天皇・霊元の3天皇の生母(壬生院園光子・逢春門院櫛笥隆子・新広義門院園国子)に対する女院号贈呈が死の間際(壬生院の場合は後光明天皇崩御直後)に行われ、その父親(園基任・櫛笥隆致・園基音)への贈位贈官も極秘に行われるなど、幕府の朝廷に対する公然・非公然の圧力が続いたとも言われている。
- Also, in consideration toward Tofukumonin (Masako TOKUGAWA), to the birth mothers of Emperor Gokomyo, Emperor Gosai and Emperor Reigen (Mibuin Mitsuko SONO, Hoshunmonin Takako KUSHIGE, Shinkogimonin Kuniko SONO), Nyoin go was presented just before they died (to Mibuin, Nyoin go was presented immediately after Emperor Gokomyo died) and their fathers (Mototo SONO, Takashi KUSHIGE, Motone SONO) were secretly given a special rank and position; it is said that the government maintained direct and indirect pressure upon the Imperial Palace.
- 1382年(永徳2年)4月11日に息子の後小松天皇に譲位して、上皇として院政を開始するが、義満が朝廷の事務に積極的に介入したため実権は無く、翌年には出産を終えて宮中へ戻った妃の厳子を殴打する事件や、愛妾の按察局が義満との密通を疑われて出家する事件、義満が上皇を配流するという噂が流れると、持仏堂に篭って自殺未遂を起こすなどの騒動を起こしている。
- In 1382 on April 11 he passed the throne to his son, Emperor Gokomatsu and started ruling the cloistered government, however, he did not have control of politics since Yoshimitsu was actively involved in the Imperial Palace's business, the following year incidents happened where he beat the Empress Takako after she returned to the Imperial Palace after giving birth to her child, or his favorite mistress, Azechi no Tsubone became a nun after an affair with Yoshimitsu became apparent, and rumors were spreading that Yoshimitsu tried to sentence the retired Emperor to deportation and so on, he attempted to commit suicide inside the Jibutsu-do.
- 越中褌が究極の形状であることから、昔からデザインの変化がないことで、材質や色か柄でしか商品として差別化ができないこと、白色が定番の越中褌では色物や柄物では極端に需要が少なく採算に合わないこと、個人でも縫製できるものであるため、単価も安く利益率が低いこと、他の下着と比べて需要の伸びが大きく見込めず、設備投資に見合う大量販売が見込めないことなどである。
- The seasons are: (1) as Ecchu fundoshi has the ultimate shape in its kind, the design has not changed for a long time, manufacturers can only make a difference in material, color or pattern; (2) as the most typical color for the fundoshi is white, there is extremely limited demand for other colors or patterns, and thus making a difference cannot be paid off; (3) since this is not so difficult to make, as they were made at home in the previous period, the price and profit rate should be low accordingly; and (4) it's hard to expect a large sale that can pay off the capital investment, as it's hard to expect a growing demand in comparison to other undergarments.
- その一方で、称徳天皇や道鏡が清麻呂を流した事で2番目の神託を否認した以上、最初の神託に基づいて道鏡への皇位継承を進めることも可能であった筈なのに事件以後に全くそうした動きを見せていない事や逆に藤原氏らの反対派がこの事件を直接の大義名分として天皇や道鏡排除に積極的に動いていない事から、道鏡がこの事件に深く関わっていたとする証拠を見出す事は困難である。
- On the other hand, it is difficult to find the evidence that Dokyo was deeply involved in this incident because of the following reasons; Empress Shotoku did not proceed with the move to let Dokyo ascend the throne based on the first oracle although she could have done so after she and Dokyo denied the second oracle and exiled Kiyomaro; furthermore, there was no active movement in the opposition factions such as Fujiwara clan concerning the removal of Empress Shotoku or Dokyo using this incident as a legitimate reason.
- 『』(巻之一)の「」によると、批判の評論は1873年(明治6年)から1874年(明治7年)にかけて激しくなり、「明治七年の末に至りては攻撃(こうげき)罵詈(ばり)の頂上(ちやうじやう)を極め遠近(ゑんきん)より脅迫状(けふはくじやう)の到來(たうらい)、友人の忠告(ちうこく)等今は殆んど身邊(しんぺん)も危(あやう)きほどの塲合(ばあい)に迫り」というほどであった。
- Critical reviews became rampant in 1873 to 1874, one account explains the situation as 'a barrage of severe criticisms became abusive at the end of 1874, and he received intimidating letters from across the country, even endangered his friends who tried to give advice to Fukuzawa.
- これに対して、12月22日(1868年1月16日)に朝廷は「徳川内府宇内之形勢ヲ察シ政権ヲ奉帰候ニ付キ、朝廷ニ於テ万機御裁決候ニ付テハ、博ク天下之公儀ヲトリ偏党ノ私ナキヲ以テ衆心ト休威ヲ同フシ、徳川祖先ノ制度美事良法ハ其侭被差置、御変更無之之候間、列藩此聖意ヲ体シ、心付候儀ハ不憚忌諱極言高論シテ救縄補正ニ力ヲ尽シ、上勤王ノ実効ヲ顕シ下民人ノ心ヲ失ナハス、皇国ヲシテ一地球中ニ冠超セシムル様淬励可致旨御沙汰候事」という告諭を出した。
- In response, the Imperial Court issued a statement that '徳川内府宇内之形勢ヲ察シ政権ヲ奉帰候ニ付キ、朝廷ニ於テ万機御裁決候ニ付テハ、博ク天下之公儀ヲトリ偏党ノ私ナキヲ以テ衆心ト休威ヲ同フシ、徳川祖先ノ制度美事良法ハ其侭被差置、御変更無之之候間、列藩此聖意ヲ体シ、心付候儀ハ不憚忌諱極言高論シテ救縄補正ニ力ヲ尽シ、上勤王ノ実効ヲ顕シ下民人ノ心ヲ失ナハス、皇国ヲシテ一地球中ニ冠超セシムル様淬励可致旨御沙汰候事' on January 16, 1868.
- 又、童舞以外の殆どの装束は成人男性、又は女性用に仕立てられ、又、重量があること、仮面を付けた場合に視野が制約されること、長く伸びてる部分(裾、裳、等)があるため、振り付けに関しても伸びてる部分の捌き方等の難易度が高いこと、又、東日本においては伝承団体のメンバーの殆どが成人であることと財政に余裕がない場合が多いことから少年少女の育成に消極的な場合が多く、育成してる場合でも略式なら安価な装束で済む管弦と『浦安の舞』等にとどまり、舞楽は行わないか、行う場合でも成人に限られる場合が多い。
- Additionally, most costumes except for those of Dobu dance are made for adult men or women: they are heavy, the eyesight is limited when wearing a mask, the difficulty level in choreography such as handling the long part of the costume (hem, ancient skirt, etc.) is high; however, the traditional groups in East Japan have mostly adult members and cannot afford, so the development of children's participation is not active enough; even when developing them, it is limited to Kangen music or 'Urayasu-no-mai Dance' for which reasonable costumes can be used in an informal style, and in most cases Bugaku is not performed or is limited to adults.