既: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 既
- previously
- already
- long ago
- 既得
- vested
- already acquired
- 既定
- default
- established
- pre-arranged
- fixed
- predetermined
- 既存
- existing
- preexisting
- pre-existing
- 既知
- already known
- well-known
- already-known
- 既望
- 16th night of the month
- 既決
- decided
- determined
- settled
- 既製
- ready-made
- off the shelf
- ready-to-use
- 既成
- established
- completed
- existing
- 既遂
- something already finished (accomplished, etc.)
- perpetrated crime (as opposed to attempted crime)
- 既済
- paid up
- already settled
- 既述
- previously mentioned or described
- aforesaid
- 既出
- something previously covered (e.g. topic, question)
- 既得権
- vested rights
- a vested right
- 既卒者
- graduate from an earlier year
- alumnus
- alumna
- former graduate
- 既知数
- known quantity
- a known quantity
- 既判力
- res judicata
- (an irrevocable judgment having) the effect of excluding further litigation
- _res judicata_ effect
- 既往歴
- case or medical history
- past history
- anamnesis
- 既往症
- medical history
- anamnesis
- 皆既蝕
- total eclipse (of sun by moon)
- totality
- 皆既食
- total eclipse (of sun by moon)
- totality
- a total eclipse
- 既決囚
- convict
- convicted prisoner
- 既婚者
- married person
- married people
- 既製服
- ready-made clothes
- pre^t-a-porter
- ready to wear
- ready-to-wear clothes
- 既製品
- ready-made goods
- ready-made product
- 既製の
- ready-made
- preformed
- off-the-shelf
- 既成服
- off-the-rack clothes
- ready-to-wear clothing
- 既知点
- established station
- known point
- known station
- 既存療法
- conventional therapy
- 既得単位
- advanced standing (in school or college)
- credit for prior studies
- 既定路線
- established (existing) policy (procedure(s))
- 既成条件
- fulfilled condition
- satisfied condition
- Fulfilled Conditions
- 既約分数
- irreducible fraction
- 既約表現
- irreducible representation
- 既燃ガス
- burnt gas
- burned gas
- 皆既月食
- total eclipse of the moon
- 既にして
- in the meantime
- meanwhile
- 既成概念
- stereotype
- preconceived idea
- preconceived notion
- 既成事実
- established fact
- fait accompli
- accomplished fact
- 一粒子既約
- one particle irreducible (physics)
- 既製トレー
- stock impression tray
- 既存水利権
- rested water rights
- 既成市街地
- built-up area
- urbanized area
- 既得水利権
- vested water right
- vested water rights
- 既入植地区
- already settled plot
- 既判力の範囲
- Scope of Res Judicata
- 既往降水指数
- past precipitation index
- 既往最高水位
- highest high water level
- maximum high water level
- recorded highest water level
- 既往は咎めず
- don't dwell on the past
- 既往最高潮位
- HHW
- higher high water
- highest high sea level
- highest high tide level
- 既往最大洪水
- largest record flood
- largest recorded flood
- maximum experienced flood
- maximum flood discharge
- 既往公的債務
- public debts from the past
- 既存化学物質
- existing chemical substance
- 既往最大水位
- highest experienced-water level
- highest recorded flood
- 既存ストック
- existing water reserve
- 既往最低水位
- lowest low water level
- minimum low water level
- recorded lowest water level
- 既往最低潮位
- LLW
- LLW (lower low water)
- lower low water (LLW)
- lowest low sea level
- lowest low tide level
- 既得潅漑用水量
- vested quantity of irrigation water
- 既設火力発電設備
- existing conventional thermal generating system
- 既設ダムの再開発
- renovation of the existing dams
- 近傍既設類似ダム
- neighborhood and similar dam in operation
- 平均既往最高潮位
- MHHW
- MHHW (mean higher high water)
- mean higher high water (MHHW)
- 平均既往最低潮位
- MLLW
- MLLW (mean lower low water)
- mean lower low water (MLLW)
- 既往最大一時間雨量
- maximum experienced hourly rainfall
- 既製アタッチメント
- ready-made attachment
- 既定のネットワーク
- default network
- 既成コンクリート杭
- premolded concrete pile
- 既設コンクリート護岸
- existing concrete block revetment
- 既知の洪水百分率度数
- percentage frequency of a given flood
- 既定のハイパーリンク
- default hyperlink
- 色留袖既婚女性の正装。
- Irotomesode: Full dress for married women.
- 黒留袖既婚女性の正装。
- Kurotomesode: Full dress for married women.
- 既存の会議に参加...
- Join an Existing Conference...
- 既定のデータ ファイル
- default data file
- 束髪(明治、妙齢~既婚)
- Tabanegami (Meiji Period; Worn by young women and married women)
- 既定のサブネット マスク
- default subnet mask
- 貝髷(江戸後期、町人既婚)
- Bai-mage (Late Edo Period; Worn by the married women of townspeople)
- 両輪(江戸後期、町人既婚)
- Ryowa (Late Edo Period; Worn by the married women of townspeople)
- 既にした照会と重複する照会
- Inquiry that overlaps with any previous inquiry
- 既にした質問と重複する質問
- Question that overlaps with any previous question
- 既設の気象水文観測システム
- existing meteoro-hydrological observation system
- 夜会巻き(明治、妙齢~既婚)
- Yakaimaki (Meiji Period; Worn by young women and married women)
- 島田崩し(江戸後期、町人既婚)
- Shimada kuzushi (Late Edo Period; Worn by the married women of townspeople)
- フランス語で「既製服」のこと。
- It means 'ready-made clothes' in French.
- 難分解・高蓄積性の既存化学物質
- existing persistent and highly bioaccumulative chemical substance
- 既成プレストレストコンクリート
- precast prestressed concrete
- しかしその頃信長は既に亡かった。
- However, Nobunaga did no exist at that time.
- 割り鹿の子(江戸後期、町人既婚)
- Warikanoko (Late Edo Period; Worn by the married women of townspeople)
- 笄髷(江戸前期、遊女→町人既婚)
- Kogai-mage (Early Edo Period; Worn by, originally, yujo, and then the married women of townspeople)
- 下げ下(江戸後期、大名家来既婚)
- Sageshita (Late Edo Period; Worn by the married women of the daimyo retainer families)
- 片外し(江戸後期、大名家来既婚)
- Katahazushi (Late Edo Period; Worn by the married women of the daimyo retainer families)
- 既定方針どおりの仕事を続けること
- business as usual
- 既存仏教勢力や貴族勢力に距離を置く
- it is also said that, distancing the capital from the established groups of Buddhist monks and nobles,
- 既成プレストレストコンクリート部材
- precast prestressed concrete member
- アプリケーション既定の構成リソース
- App Default Config resource
- この現象は、平治の乱に既に見られる。
- This kind of phenomenon was also found during the Heiji Rebellion.
- 未婚、既婚、共に着用するものである。
- Mofuku are worn by both married and unmarried women.
- 銀杏返し(江戸後期、町人妙齢~既婚)
- Ichogaeshi (Late Edo Period; Worn by, originally the young women and married women of townspeople)
- 先笄(江戸後期、町人既婚→現代舞妓)
- Sakko (Late Edo Period; Worn by, originally, the married women of townspeople, and now modern maiko)
- 下げ髪(江戸中期~後期、大名家既婚)
- Sagegami (From mid- to late Edo Periods; Worn by the married women of the daimyo families)
- 洋装は、既に明治時代に始まっていた。
- Western clothes had already originated from the Meiji period.
- 粋書(江戸後期、町人既婚(京都のみ))
- Suisho (Late Edo Period; Worn by the married women of townspeople [only in Kyoto])
- 灯籠鬢笄髷(江戸中期、遊女→町人既婚)
- Toro-bin kogai-mage (Mid-Edo Period; Worn by, originally, yujo, and then the married women of townspeople)
- 既に開示された有価証券 次に掲げる事項
- Already Disclosed Securities: the following matters:
- 既存インフラ利用自律型自動運転システム
- Autonomous Driving System Utilizing the Conventional Road Structure
- 既存の本部会館は収容能力不足となった。
- The existing headquarters meeting hall lacks sufficient capacity for present needs.
- 式部卿の宮(敦慶親王、作中では既に故人)
- Shikibukyo no miya (the Highness of Ceremonial, Imperial Prince Atsuyoshi, who is already deceased in the work)
- 灯籠鬢勝山髷(江戸中期、遊女→町人既婚)
- Toro-bin Katsuyama mage (Mid-Edo Period; Worn by, originally, yujo, and then the married women of townspeople)
- このころ、唐の文化は既に衰頽期に入った。
- Around this time, the Tang culture started to decline.
- なお既存項目が存在する条文のみ列挙した。
- Only aticles with existing items are listed.
- 申請に係る登記が既に登記されているとき。
- where the registration for which the application is filed already exists;
- その香炉は既に大学之助の手中に入っていた。
- The incense burner is already in the hands of Daigakunosuke.
- 既に言及した十七条憲法などはその例である。
- The Seventeen Articles of Constitution, that was already quoted is an example.
- しかし、日本側は既に防衛体制を整えていた。
- However, Japan had already prepared defenses.
- 既に積み立てられた商品取引責任準備金の金額
- the amount of liability reserve for commodity trading that has already been accrued.
- 指定区域が指定された際既に着手していた行為
- An act which had already commenced at the time when the area was designated.
- 自分がもう既に問題に入り込んでしまっており
- have a tiger by the tail
- 既存の電話線を使ったデジタル伝送方式の1つ
- ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line
- 歌舞伎(既婚女性、平安貴族、遊女、芸者役)
- Kabuki (Roles of married women, aristocrats of Heian era, prostitute, or geisha)
- 既述のように二組で撰述したと推測されている。
- As mentioned above, it is guessed that Nihonshoki was compiled by two groups.
- この頃には既に質の高い仕事で評判になっていた。
- By this time, the company had gained a reputation for its high-quality work.
- 日本では、江戸中期既に飾られていたようである。
- In Japan, it seems that teru teru bozu had already been hung in the middle of the Edo period.
- 中国では、北魏時代の敦煌市壁画に既に観られる。
- Shikishigata was already seen Wall painting in Dun-huang City of the Northern Wei period in China.
- 結局強引に逢瀬を遂げて既成事実を作ってしまう。
- Finally, Yugiri forces her to have a sexual relationship with him.
- 一方、慶喜は既に攘夷の実行は不能と悟っていた。
- On the other hand, Yoshinobu already realized that the expulsion of foreigners cannot be achieved.
- 既に15台以上の「オカラット」を納入している。
- More than 15 'Okarat' has already been delivered.
- 既存ストック[既設の貨物線などの路線について]
- existing infrastructure
- 温泉は約300年前には既に使われていたとされる。
- The hot spring is believed to have already been used some 300 years ago.
- そのとき既に66歳であり、わずか4年で崩御した。
- At that time he was already 66 years old, after 4 years of his short reigning, passed away.
- (ただし、安土を除いては既に楽市は行われていた。
- (However, with the exception of Azuchi, rakuichi (free markets) were already being held in these locations.
- 漁船の帰港時には既に大釜に食塩水が煮立っている。
- When the fishing boat comes back to port, there will already be salted boiling water ready in a large cooking pot.
- それ、混元既に凝りて、気象未だ效(あらは)れず。
- A chaotic foundation is being formed, but a sign of life has not appeared yet.
- 有限責任社員が既に履行した出資の価額を証する書面
- a document evidencing the value of contributions already made by the limited partners; and
- a document evidencing the value of contributions already performed by limited partners; and
- 石室は既に盗掘されていたため被葬者は不明である。
- Because the stone chamber was already disturbed by grave robbers, it is not known who was buried there.
- ただし既に取得されたものは段位として有効である。
- However, Dan-i already granted before the abolishment remained valid.
- また、既婚者・独身者どちらでも着用してかまわない。
- And it is allowed to be worn by both married women and single women.
- ただし、袴と足袋の既製品は種々のサイズが作られる。
- However, various sizes are made for the ready-made hakama and tabi.
- 胎児は、相続については、既に生まれたものとみなす。
- In regard to inheritance, an unborn child shall be deemed to have already been born.
- 首都圏の既成市街地における工業等の制限に関する法律
- Law concerning Restriction on Factories in Existing Urbanized Areas of the Metropolitan Region
- 首都圏の既成市街地における工場等の制限に関する法律
- Law concerning Restriction of Factories in Existing Urbanized Areas of the Metropolitan Region
- 耳かきのついたかんざしは既に古墳時代にも見られた。
- Kanzashi with an ear pick already existed in the Kofun period (tumulus period).
- その頃には頼むべき摂関家も既に昔日の面影はなかった。
- Imperial Princess Keishi could no longer rely on the Sekkan-ke because they had already lost their influence.
- 既存の財閥では貧弱な化学産業を中心に発展していった。
- The development of the existing zaibatsu was promoted as revolving around the limited chemical industry.
- つぶし島田(江戸後期、町人妙齢~既婚→現代江戸芸者)
- Tsubushi shimada (Late Edo Period; Worn by, originally, the young women and married women of townspeople, and then modern Edo geisha [Japanese professional female entertainers at drinking parties in Edo])
- また、一定の期間既に刑を受けている事も用件とされた。
- It was also necessary to serve time for a specified time period.
- 近畿圏の既成都市区域における工場等の制限に関する法律
- Law concerning Restriction of Factories, etc. in Built-Up District in Kinki Region
- Law concerning Restriction of Factories, etc., in Built-up District in Kinki Region
- 源氏自身も既に紫の上を妻にしていたため実現しなかった。
- Regardless, as Genji himself had already married Lady Murasaki, it never happened.
- 当時の日本には戦争を継続するだけの余力は既になかった。
- Japan of the time had no more energy enough to continue the war.
- 確定判決は、主文に包含するものに限り、既判力を有する。
- A final and binding judgment, only for the contents thereof that are included in the main text, shall have res judicata.
- が、既に亡くなっており、その遺骨まで流されたとされる。
- However, since he was already dead, his bones were taken to Tsushima Island.
- 宮中の行事については奈良時代に既にその記述が見られる。
- A record from the Nara period already had a description about these events in the imperial court.
- 既存の五孔の尺八に孔を開けることでの改造が可能である。
- An already existing five-hole shakuhachi can be modified into a seven-hole shakuhachi.
- 明治時代~昭和50年代まで既婚女性に広く使われた羽織。
- From 1868 to around 1975, the haori coat was widely used by married women.
- 誕生前に外祖父源基平は既に死去しており後見がいなかった。
- The maternal grandfather MINAMOTO no Motohira had already died before Imperial Prince Sanehito was born, so Imperial Prince Sanehito did not have a guardian.
- しかし鎌倉時代末期には、その多くが既に忘れ去られていた。
- However, the most of them were already forgotten at the end of the Kamakura period.
- この時代には既に檜物製造が行われていたと考えられている。
- It seems therefore that hinoki-cypress crafts were already produced in this period.
- 吾水鼓(5字15行・20句)冒頭「吾水既瀞」に由来する。
- Wu-shui-gu (20 poems each including 15 lines of five characters): This name is originated from the head portion of it, 'wu-shui-ji-qing'.
- (2-b)既に売却・質流れした所領は元の領主が領有せよ。
- Article 2-b specified that shoryo (territory) which had been already sold or foreclosed should be possessed by the original feudal lord.
- つまり、既に改正された法を改正されない法と呼ぶ矛盾である。
- That is to say, it is contradictory to call the revised law 'The Irreversible Code.'
- 誕生時には父は既に出家しており、母・平子は出自が低かった。
- Prior to his birth, his father had become a priest, and his mother Hirako was a person of low birth.
- …(臣安萬侶言 夫混元既凝 氣象未效 無名無爲 誰知其形)
- (Your subject, Yasumaro will state a chaotic foundation is being formed, but a sign of life has not appeared yet. With no name, and no movement, Who can recognize its shape.)
- 「事が既にここに至れば、日本は宣戦せざるを得なくなった。」
- These situations have forced Japan to declare war.'
- 申請に係る登記がその登記所において既に登記されているとき。
- where the registration for which the application was filed has already been registered by the same registry office;
- 前二項の規定は、子が既に死亡していた場合について準用する。
- The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis in the case where a child has already died.
- 山科西野の「東洋(ラーメン店)」(既に閉店)の流れを汲む。
- Meimon is of the school of 'Toyo' (ramen store) at Yamashina Nishino (already closed).
- これは、既に治天の存在が不可欠になっていたことを表している。
- This showed that the existence of Chiten became necessary.
- 既に結婚し子までなした鉄幹だが、晶子の為、妻と離婚している。
- Although Tekkan was already married and even had a son, he divorced his wife for Akiko.
- 尺という単位は古代中国の殷の時代には既にあったとされている。
- Studies indicate that the unit of shaku already existed during the period of Shang Dynasty in the ancient China.
- 古代ギリシャのオリンピア競技場 - 既婚の女性のみ観戦禁止。
- The Olympic stadium of ancient Greece: Only married women were prohibited from watching the games.
- 古墳時代には魏志倭人伝の記述から既に和弓の原型が見て取れる。
- According to a description in the Gishi-wajin-den (魏志倭人伝), there was already an original Wakyu in the Kofun Period.
- 既存守護勢力の追放を目的として組織される場合(山城国一揆など)
- The uprising was organized in order to banish the existing influence of a Shugo (e.g. the uprising in Yamashiro Province).
- 既存曲の替手作りも得意で、いくつか現代にも伝えられ愛奏される。
- He was also good at making kaede (accompanying melody) of existing songs and even now some of them are played favorably.
- エリート騎馬武者による弓射戦など既に昔話でしかなくなっていた。
- The archery battles by cavalry elite became something of the past.
- 胎児は、損害賠償の請求権については、既に生まれたものとみなす。
- An unborn child shall be deemed to have been already born with respect to the right to demand compensation for damages.
- 都市部の既婚女性全般(引眉する、但し武家では出産後に引眉する)
- All married women in the city (With penciled eyebrows, however, those from samurai families penciled their eyebrows after giving birth.)
- 訪問着女性用(未婚、既婚の区別なし)の絵羽模様がある礼装である。
- Homongi: Formal wear for married and unmarried women with Ebamoyo.
- 有限責任社員の出資の目的及びその価額並びに既に履行した出資の価額
- the subjects of the contributions by limited partners, the value thereof and the value of the contributions already performed;
- 「鰹節」の称は燻製法ができる江戸時代以前から既に用いられている。
- The name 'katsuobushi' was used even before the Edo period, when the smoke seasoning method was invented.
- 一貫しているのは、既成の秩序体系を超越した視覚的な美しさである。
- What is uniform is the visual beauty which adds a plus to conventional craftsmanship.
- この時点で皇族・臣下の序列としては既に最高位だったのかもしれない。
- At this point, Prince Takechi may have already been ranked highest among the members of the Imperial family and the vassals.
- しかし、既に市街地が形成されていることなどから事業が進んでいない。
- However, the road has already become a town area, which brought a stop to the above projects.
- 「天皇既に崩りまして、日続(ひつぎ)知らすべき王(みこ)無かりき。
- When the emperor passed away, there was no ruler (child of the emperor) to succeed.
- 少なくともロシアの南下政策は既知であり、幕府はこれを懸念していた。
- At the very least, the Bakufu was uneasy about the knowledge of Russia expanding southward.
- 室町時代中期以後には既に廃止されたらしく、幕府職制に確認できない。
- However, it seems to have been abolished after the middle of the Muromachi period because it cannot be found in the organizational chart of the bakufu thereafter.
- 娼妓が大多数を占め、芸妓が少数いたが昭和初期には既に消滅している。
- The largest number of women working in Shichijo-shinchi were prostitutes and a small number of geisha girls were there, but in the early Showa period, there were no geisha girls.
- 皇族身位令(皇室令。既に廃止)によって、次の区分に従って叙勲された。
- By the decree of the Ordinance of the Imperial Nobility (the Ordinance of the Imperial House, abolished), orders were bestowed in accordance with the following classifications:
- 既に平城天皇には高岳親王がおり、後に嵯峨天皇にも仁明天皇が誕生する。
- On this occasion, Emperor Heizei already had Imperial Prince Takaoka, and Emperor Saga later had Emperor Ninmyo.
- ようやく勝家が軍を率いて江北に着いた頃、既に明智光秀は討たれていた。
- When Katsuie arrived Kohoku at last, Mitsuhide AKECHI had already been killed.
- 囲碁は既に『論語』の中に孔子の弁として述べられるほど古い遊びである。
- Igo was such an old game as to be described in Confucius words in 'the the Analects of Confucius.'
- 世間では二人の仲は既に公然のものとなっており、その状況に宮は戸惑う。
- Their relationship has been already considered an open secret by everybody, and she is confused by the situation.
- (雖歩驟各異 文質不同 莫不稽古以繩風猷於既頽 照今以補典敎於欲絶)
- Their pace is different, whether fast or slow, so is their reality, whether simple or gorgeous. All emperors have never failed to look back upon antiquity, and to try to properly reestablish the ancient teachings that were almost collapsed, to enlighten the today's world through such teachings, and to stop the loss of ancient wisdom.
- 建設工事の停滞や株式払込みの遅滞、既設私設鉄道の経営の悪化を招いた。
- Also, such projects caused stagnation in construction, the delay of paid-in capital and deteriorating management of existing private railways.
- 近年は考古学における発掘調査の進展や既知の遺跡の再検討がされている。
- In recent years the excavation and research has been progressing in archaeology and these well-known remains have been reexamined.
- 宮城道雄の開発した十七絃箏がもっとも有名であり、既に一般化している。
- Among others, jushichigen-Soh (17-stringed Soh) developed by Michio MIYAGI is the most famous one and it has already become common.
- 既婚女性などは左のこめかみあたりに1本、シンプルに挿したようである。
- It seems that married women wore a piece of yoshicho somewhere near the left temple.
- その手本となった唐が780年に両税法を施行し既に均田制が崩壊している。
- However, the model country, Tang Dynasty introduced Ryozei-ho (taxation law in enforcement in China until the Ming Dynasty) in 780 instead of the Equal-field system that had already collapsed.
- 日本から入ってきた食品であり、既に現地では一般的な食べ物になっている。
- It is a dish which came from Japan and it has already become common in the country.
- 一条朝のあたりで既に「村上の先帝」と呼び、「村上院」とはいわなかった。
- During Emperor Ichijo's reign, the Emperor Murakami was already called 'former Emperor Murakami' instead of 'Murakami in, Retired Emperor Murakami.'
- ひとつは盗意図的な顕彰の中でも既に見てきた実務官僚に関する部分である。
- One is the part related to the officials who were intendedly praised as mentioned before.
- その後藤壺は源氏の文も拒み続けたが、既に藤壺は源氏の子を妊娠していた。
- After that, Fujitsubo continued refusing to receive Genji's letters, but Fujitsubo was already pregnant with Genji's child.
- 尚、その時既に、玄孫にあたる大来皇女・草壁皇子・大津皇子が誕生していた。
- At that time, the great-great-grandsons, Oku no himemiko, the Prince Kusakabe and the Prince Otsu had already been born.
- 一族相克の物語は戦国時代 (日本)に多いが、この時代に既に始まっている。
- Stories about conflict within clans are common in the Sengoku period (period of warring states), but it had already started in this period.
- 江戸初期には既存の流派(大蔵流など)に吸収されて消滅したと言われている。
- It is believed that the school disappeared after being merged with other existing schools (such as the Okura school) in the early Edo period.
- 孝徳天皇の時代には既に制定されていたが、天武天皇の時代に一時期廃された。
- Though chofuku had been established by the period of the Emperor Kotoku, it was temporarily abolished at the period of the Emperor Tenmu.
- 出世は遅れていたが占いの才能は既に貴族社会で認められていたことが伺える。
- His career advancement occurred late, but it can be seen that his talent in divinatory reading had already been acknowledged in the aristocratic circles.
- 既成の寺院から離れて別所と呼ばれる地をその活動拠点とすることが多かった。
- They often had a place called a Bessho for their activities, apart from the existing temples.
- 暦応4年(興国2年/1341年)に既に訴訟機関として記録に登場している。
- It was as early as 1341 when it first appeared in historical records as a legal institution.
- (これには、9世紀末の寛平年間に既に廃止されていたとする見解も存在する)
- (In another opinion, the nuhi system had already been abolished in the Kanpyo era at the end of the ninth century.)
- 破産手続開始の時に破産財団に属する財産に対して既にされている国税滞納処分
- Procedure for collection of national tax delinquency already initiated, at the time of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, against property that belongs to the bankruptcy estate
- 当初は既存の器を利用していたが、後に専用の花器が製作されるようになった。
- Existing containers were used at first, and special vases were created later.
- その他にも無名の群小諸派が存在したようで、流派としては既に滅んでしまった。
- In addition, there were apparently various unknown small schools that had already disappeared.
- したがって、麹による醸造法は当時既に全国的に普及していたと見るべきである。
- Therefore, it should be considered that the brewing method of rice malt had been already spread all over Japan in those days.
- 振袖は、一般的には未婚女性の和服であるため、既婚女性は通常は振袖を着ない。
- Because the wearing of furisode is more or less limited to young unmarried women, married women generally do not wear them.
- 本格的に模刻の始まった『淳化閣帖』からして既に大量の偽物が紛れ込んでいた。
- Many fraudulent works were already seen even for 'the Chunhua ge Tie' with which mokoku began to be used in earnest.
- 当時、オーダー服と量産既製服の占める割合は7対3程度にまでなりつつあった。
- At that time, the ratio of made-to order clothes to mass-produced ready-made clothes became close to 7:3.
- 既存の系譜集や記録などを広く集めて再編纂しており、史料価値が高いとされる。
- He compiled and edited various existing pedigree records and other documents, and the publication is considered a highly valuable historical source.
- この矛の由来は不明だが一説によると奈良時代には既に存在していたといわれる。
- The origin of this mallet is not known, but one theory holds that it already existed in the Nara period.
- そして乳母の夫太宰少弐が死去した後上京できぬまま、既に20歳になっていた。
- Subsequently, her wet nurse's husband, Dazai no Shoni (junior assistant governor of Dazaifu, local government office in Kyushu region), passes away, and she has been stuck there, not being able to return to Kyoto, while turning twenty.
- しかし既に農民軍は撤収しており天津条約上でも日本軍の派兵理由は無くなった。
- However the armed peasants had withdrawn, and the reason of the dispatch of Japanese troops based on Treaty of Tianjin had disappeared.
- 最大データ伝送速度が52Mビット/秒の、既存電話線を使ったデジタル伝送方式
- VDSL very high-bit-rate digital subscriber line
- 既存の武徳会はこれに包含される形でこの武道団体に改組・帰一される事となる。
- The existing Butoku Kai was reorganized and united into this martial arts organization, and was therefore subsumed under it.
- 既に床の間がある部屋も、最近は床の間を潰してクローゼットにすることが多い。
- Today, even in a room where there is already tokonoma, it is often remodeled into a closet.
- 主に、年配の女性に限られ、既婚でも若い女性が、お歯黒をすることは稀である。
- Chiefly, since it is limited to elderly women, it is rare for a young woman to have her teeth blackened even if she is married.
- 留袖(とめそで)は、和服の一つで、既婚女性が着用する最も格の高い礼装である。
- Tomesode is a type of Japanese traditional clothes and is a formal dress of the highest rank worn by married women.
- その後晩年の消息は不明で、「宿木」で既に故人であることが知られるのみである。
- His later years were not known, and the only thing that is known in the chapter of 'Yadorigi' (The Ivy), is that he already passed away.
- 有名な既存の俳句や短歌などから言葉を流用し、言外に本歌の内容を表現する技法。
- This is a technique in which words are taken from famous, existing haiku and tanka poems, and using them to implicitly bring forth the imagery of the original verse.
- 実際には、既に触れたように江戸の地は平安時代末期から関東南部の要衝であった。
- In fact, as mentioned earlier, the location of Edo was one of vital strategic importance in the southern Kanto region since the late Heian Period.
- 日本の古墳時代前期の古墳から多く発掘され、既に400面以上も検出されている。
- Many were discovered in tumulus during the early Japanese Kofun period (tumulus period) and more than 400 have already been detected.
- 裕福な商人の娘などが使ったもので、既婚者や婚約を済ませたものは身に付けない。
- These product were used by daughters of rich merchants, but were not used by married or engaged women.
- この時既に親王宣下を受けていたらしく、『砂巖』には「全仁親王」と書かれている。
- It seems he was already given the title of Imperial Prince by the time he was described as 'Imperial Prince Matahito' in the historical book 'Sagan'(sandstone).'
- しかし、少弐氏の勢力は九州探題に敵対したために室町時代後期には既に衰えていた。
- However, the power of the Shoni clan had declined already in the latter half of the Muromachi Period because it stood against Kyushu Tandai (local commissioner for Kyushu).
- 既婚女性全般(お歯黒を付け、引眉する、但し武家(武士)の妻は出産後に引眉する)
- Married women in general (apply both ohaguro and hikimayu, except for women married to samurai families who were to apply hikimayu after giving birth to a child).
- 始祖とされる笑富久亭松竹の詳細が明らかでないが、天保~安永期には既に成立した。
- It already existed between the Tenpo and the Ansei era, though details of its founder, Shochiku SHOFUKUTEI, are unknown.
- 留袖は本来既婚女性のものであるが、近年では未婚女性が礼装として着ることがある。
- Although tomesode was originally worn by a married woman, recently an unmarried woman may wear it as a formal dress.
- しかし最近は、演歌歌手以外でもまれに既婚女性でも振袖を着る人がいるようである。
- However, in recent years, it appears as though a small number of married women have started to wear furisode occasionally, as well as Japanese enka singers (who often do so).
- ナマズが大地震を起こすという俗説は江戸時代中盤には既に民衆の間に広まっていた。
- The popular belief that catfish cause big earthquakes had already been widespread by the middle of the Edo Period.
- 信長は既に5月13日には3万の軍勢を率いて岐阜を出発し、岡崎城に到着していた。
- Leaving Gifu with 30,000 soldiers on July 1 Nobunaga was already in Okazaki Castle.
- 前漢代には既にこのような倭国認識の成立していたことが漢書や論衡の記事から判る。
- It is known from the articles from 'kanjo (Historical records of the Han Dynasty)' and the 'Ronko (Lunheng)' that such perception of Wakoku was already present during the Former Han Dynasty.
- その同居者が既に当該目論見書の交付を受け、又は確実に交付を受けると見込まれる者
- a person living together with the consenting person has already received the Prospectus or is certainly expected to receive the Prospectus.
- この事は立教前の時点で既に講組織が自然発生的に出来つつあったことを表している。
- This shows that the religious organization had been already spontaneously growing before the organization was established.
- 既に触れた「白旗一揆」や「桔梗一揆」、その他の国一揆などはみなそうであるとする。
- They were 'Shirahata Ikki,' 'Kikyo Ikki,' and revolutions of other provinces that were already mentioned.
- (但し、既に江戸時代の後期においても、一部で武道とも呼ばれるようになっていた。)
- (However, even during the late Edo period, some people had already come to call them budo.)
- しかし関守の富樫左衛門の元には既に義経一行が山伏姿であるという情報が届いていた。
- However, a piece of information to the effect that Yoshitsune's group would be disguised as yamabushi had already reached Saemon TOGASHI, the barrier keeper, before their arrival.
- 当地では既に昭和30年代後半の時点では使用されている呼称であることは事実である。
- Thus it is a fact that the name was already used in the early 1960s in the area.
- 美濃では大海人皇子の指示を受けて多品治が既に兵を興しており、不破の道を封鎖した。
- In Mino, under the direction of Prince Oama, O no Honji already took up arms and Fuwa road was blocked.
- 債務者の財産に対して既にされている企業担保権の実行手続で、破産債権等に基づくもの
- Procedure already initiated against the debtor's property for the exercise of an enterprise mortgage, which is based on a bankruptcy claim, etc.
- 首都圏整備法第二条第三項に規定する既成市街地又は同条第四項に規定する近郊整備地帯
- Existing urban areas provided for in paragraph (3), Article 2 of the National Capital Region Development Act or suburban development else provided for in paragraph (4) of the same Article.
- 俳人で行脚僧の既白や加賀国出身の二柳・麦水などと交流し、蕉風俳諧の復興を志した。
- Through interactions with poets of haikai such as Kihaku, who was also a travelling monk, and Jiryu and Bakusui, who were both from Kaga Province, he endeavored to revive haikai in the style of Basho.
- 信者は、既存の寺の教えを表法と呼び、隠し念仏の教えを内法(内信心)と呼んでいる。
- The believers call the existing teachings of a temple the outward law, and call the teachings of kakushi nenbutsu the inward law (or the inward belief).
- ただしこの「O-bento」は、既存の駅弁とは大きくスタイルの異なる商品である。
- This 'O-bento' had a quite different style from the existing Ekiben.
- この慣習がいつ始まったかは定かではないが、江戸時代には既に定着していたようである。
- It is unknown when this custom was started, but it seems that it had already been fixed in the Edo period.
- また、家康の祖父の松平清康の代には既に世良田氏の子孫を名乗っていたという説もある。
- Another theory claims that by the era Kiyoyasu MATSUDAIRA, the grandfather of Ieyasu, Ieyasu had already referred to himself as a descendant of the Serada clan.
- また漢語に於いても同様で、「携帯する」という語には既に、帯という字が含まれている。
- It is the same in words of Chinese origin such that the word '携帯する' (carrying) contains the letter 帯 (obi).
- しかし本来の江戸の味は既に失われていたために、味付けは関西風のものが主流となった。
- However, because the original taste in the Edo period had already been lost, Kansai style Oden became mainstream.
- ここから「留袖」と言う名称自体がやがて「既婚女性の礼装」と言う意味に転じていった。
- From this custom originated the name 'tomesode' itself, which eventually came to have the meaning of 'formal dress for married women'.
- 通常は一流のデザイナーがデザインを手掛け、仕立てた既製品にのみ当てはめられる言葉。
- In general, it is a word which refers to ready-made clothes designed and tailored by name designers.
- 『楚辞』九歌の「国殤」には「身既に死して神以て霊・魂魄毅として鬼雄となる」とある。
- Kokusho' of the 9th song of 'Kinji' states that when you die, your body dies but by the power of god, your soul turns into a demon.'
- 本願寺と細川政元――既存勢力から睨まれた両者が歩み寄るのは当然の成り行きであった。
- It was natural that Hongan-ji Temple and Masamoto HOSOKAWA--the two given a hostile look from the present powers--cooperated.
- 既に法に従い執行は終わっているのだから、再び執行する理由はないというものであった。
- This also means since the execution was carried out according to law and there is no need to carry out execution again.
- いずれが先であったとしても14世紀末には既に2種類の『増鏡』が存在したようである。
- Whichever came first, it seems that there already existed two versions of 'Masukagami' by the end of the 14th century.
- 暦日に関する研究は、天文学者の小川清彦 (天文学者)により戦前に既に完成していた。
- The research on calendars was already completed by Kiyohiko OGAWA (an astronomer) before the war.
- 富豪農民の寄進による既墾地系荘園の増加は、律令体制の財政基盤に深刻な動揺を与えた。
- The expansion of Kikonchi Kei Shoen due to donations from wealthy farmers created serious commotion on the financial base of the Ritsuryo system.
- 東北地方では多賀城、出羽柵等が設置され、蝦夷征討と開発、入植が進められた(既述)。
- In the Tohoku region, Taga-jo Castle, Dewa no saku, etc. were established and the subjection of Ezo (indigenous inhabitants in eastern Japan), development, and implantation were carried out (as described above).
- 近畿圏整備法第二条第三項に規定する既成都市区域又は同条第四項に規定する近郊整備区域
- Existing urban areas provided for in paragraph (3), Article 2 of the Kinki Region Development Act or suburban development else provided for in paragraph (4) of the same Article.
- 浅草寺勝蔵院(既出) 江戸時代に明暦不動が転じて目黄不動の噂を生んだが、今は無い。
- Shozo-in Temple (previously described) in Senso-ji Temple: There was a rumor that Meireki Fudo located at Shozo-in turned into Meki Fudo but that temple no longer exists today.
- 既に130年以上の歴史があるものの「伝統」と呼べるかどうかは人により判断が分かれる。
- Although more than 130 years have passed since then, the judgment of whether eating beef is considered 'traditional' depends upon the person.
- ※少女:第二次性徴前、妙齢:第二次性徴後の未婚、既婚:18歳以上の未婚を含む場合有り
- *Girls: before the secondary sex characteristics; Young women: unmarried women after the secondary sex characteristics; Married women: possibly include unmarried women aged 18 or older
- 吾車鼓(6字11行・19句)「吾車既工」に始まり、狩の序盤を描写した詩がつづられる。
- Starting with Wu-che-gu (19 poems each having 11 lines of six characters) 'Wu-che-ji-gong', poems describing the early stage of the hunting was written.
- 近藤勇役に当時既に五十代で老け役も演じていた志村喬を起用するなど配役に無理があった。
- It was an obvious mistake in casting when Kyo SHIMURA, already in his fifties and had been performing grandfatherly roles was selected for the role of Isami KONDO.
- 人手による耕作が続く以上、既に存在する地割をあえて再整理する必要はなかったのである。
- As long as manual cultivation remained, there was no need to reorganize existing chiwari.
- 第一項の照会は、既にした予告通知と重複する予告通知に基づいては、することができない。
- An inquiry set forth in paragraph (1) may not be made based on the advance notice that overlaps with any previous advance notice.
- 仮設の祭壇が常設の社殿になるとき、既にある建築物がそれとして採用されたと考えられる。
- It is the process of a temporary alter developing into a permanent structure called shaden and then the existing construction style was later incorporated into the pavillion structure.
- 家蔵文書によると明和9年(1772)には既に酒を造っており、今なお酒造業を営んでいる。
- Documents owned by the family suggest that the family had already been brewing sake in 1772, and it is still engaged in sake brewing business.
- 白河が没すると、崇徳天皇に譲位し既に上皇となっていた鳥羽が治天となり、院政を開始した。
- After Shirakawa died, the Retired Emperor Toba, who passed the throne to Emperor Sutoku, became Chiten and started the cloistered government.
- これにより既にこの時代には蝦夷の存在とその支配が進んでいた様子を確認することが出来る。
- From this Johyobun it can be confirmed that the presence of the Emishi and its rule went forward.
- 山陰道の西園寺との合流を目指したが、道中でこの方面が既に平定されていたことが判明した。
- The Western Company intended to join forces with Saionji on the Sanindo highway, but along the way they decided that Saionji had already effectively suppressed the area.
- これらの工場は日本の通関時に違反事例を起こしており、既に日本への輸入は止められている。
- These factories had cases of violations at customs in Japan, and imports of their products into Japan had already been stopped.
- 編纂に当たっては「弘仁格」に既出のもの、編纂当時に廃止されていたものは掲載しなかった。
- During compilation, the laws that had been already shown in the 'Konin-kyaku Code' or had been abolished at the time were removed.
- このことからも、倭では既に1世紀には文字の使用が一部では始まっていたことが推定できる。
- From this, it can be assumed that a part of the Wa started using characters during the first century.
- 歳三は援軍を求めて庄内藩に向かうが、既に恭順体制の庄内においては入城さえ叶わなかった。
- Toshizo visited the Shonai clan to request for reinforcements, but Shonai had already pledged allegiance to the new government and did not allow him to even enter the castle.
- しかし当時の幕府は既に北条氏による専制体制を整えていたため将軍には何ら権限は無かった。
- However, by this time the Shoguns had already become puppets of the Hojo clan and the Shogun had no power at all.
- 短編集では「下人は、既に、雨を冒して京都の町へ強盗を働きに急いでゐた。」となっている。
- In the short story collection, it is slightly different version can be seen, 'The man was already hurrying to Kyoto in the rain to commit robbery.'
- 皇族・平安貴族(元服・裳着後(袴着後の少年少女もする場合あり)、男女、未既婚を問わず)
- Royalty and Heian aristocrats (in Genpuku and Mogi (coming-of-age ceremony) (for both boys and girls after putting on the hakama (Japanese skirt for formal wear), regardless of gender and whether he/she is married or not).
- しかし、守護及びその傘下武士たちは、半済を既得権として、荘園・公領へ不当な介入を続けた。
- However, some provincial constables and their subordinate samurais treated the hanzei law as their established right and continued to intervene in the taxes on manors and lands under the control of the feudal government unreasonably.
- 丸髷(まるまげ)とは、江戸時代から明治時代を通じて最も代表的な既婚女性の髪形(日本髪)。
- Marumage is the most representative hairstyle (Japanese coiffure) for married women from the Edo period to the Meiji period.
- また、ツルゲーネフなどロシア文学作品を翻訳した文体も既存の文語からの離脱の試みであった。
- The writing style adopted in translating Russian literary works such as Turgenev's was also an attempt of breaking away from the previous style.
- このため既存のイギリス、スペイン、ポルトガルとの交易が途絶え、また民間貿易も禁止された。
- Because of its national isolation, commerce with England, Spain and Portugal who traded with Japan until that time stopped and commerce with ordinary citizens was also prohibited.
- 江戸時代において既にポピュラーな儀式であったようで、落語の『お血脈』の題材に使用された。
- It seems that this ritual had already became popular in the Edo period, and was used as material for rakugo (a traditional comic monologue), titled 'Okechimyaku.'
- これは、その風体や修行法が独特であることから、既成の宗派から軽蔑されて呼んだものである。
- This is because their appearance and training were unique, and the existing religious schools called them so with contempt.
- また、この時既に善統親王は84歳であり、「若宮」と呼ぶべき実子の存在を疑問視する説もある。
- On this occasion, however, Imperial Prince Yoshimune was already 84 years old, and therefore some are skeptical about the hypothesis that he had a biological son called 'Wakamiya' (a young imperial prince).
- 日本全体としては普通種であるが、地域によっては絶滅のおそれが高く、既に絶滅した地域もある。
- Though it is common species in Japan as a whole, it has high risk of extinction in some areas and has already gone extinct in some other areas.
- 地元では人麻呂の終焉の地としては既成事実としてとらえ、柿本神社としてその偉業を称えている。
- That place, as being the place of Hitomaro's death, is taken as a given among local people, and they show their praise for his tours de force through Kakinomoto-jinja Shrine.
- この点において、「女性は穢れた存在であり、仏にはなれない」と説いていた既存の宗派と異なる。
- In this point, the Tachikawa-ryu school differs from other existing religious schools which explain that 'women are unclean beings and cannot become the Buddha.'
- 古くから般若心経の利益で病気が治るという信仰があり、既に日本霊異記にその説話が残っている。
- There is an old belief that Hannya Shingyo benefits the recovery from illness, which is seen in 'Nihon Ryoiki.'
- 藩財政は稙昌の頃から既に苦しく、元禄4年(1691年)には5ヵ年にわたる半知を行なっている。
- Already in financial difficulty under Tanemasa, in 1691 it halved its retainer's wages for five years.
- 明治22年(1889年)の市制町村制施行から、山科区成立までの沿革は既に述べたとおりである。
- The history since the enforcement of the Municipal Government Act in 1889 until the establishment of Yamashina Ward is mentioned above.
- また、既存の所領で紛争を抱えていた場合には安堵状による所領保障が恩賞となりうることもあった。
- If there had been any conflict in an existing holding, a holding confirmation could have replaced a reward.
- 室町以前の古典文学の多くは既に能の題材となっている為、「源氏物語」などの新作能は作りにくい。
- Many of the classical literature works in and before Muromachi period were already employed by Noh works as their subject matters and, therefore, Shinsaku-Noh works employing 'the Tale of Genji,' etc., as their subject matters are difficult to create.
- 洋服の場合は、既製品であっても、着る人のそれぞれの体型に合わせてサイズの異なる服が作られる。
- In the case of Western clothing, even if they are ready-made, clothes in different sizes are made according to the wear's particular body shape.
- 既ニ町曲輪マテ乗崩ス間、強テ攻入ラハ、城ヲ落ト事、頃刻ナルヘシ、然レトモ、御人数多費ユヘシ。
- Katakura explained that the troops had advanced to the town wall and were about to seize the castle but there were many casualties.
- この記述から、この時代には既に蝦夷の存在と、その統治が進んでいた様子を窺い知ることが出来る。
- From this description, we can see that the Emishi/Ezo (northerners and northeasterners) were already living there at that time, and their subjugation was being undertaken.
- その後は「初音」で名前のみ登場するのを最後に、「若菜 上」で既に故人であることが告げられた。
- She was referred to only by name in the chapter 'Hatsune' (First Warbler) for the last time and in the chapter 7Wakana: Jo' (New Herbs, Part I) it was told that she had already been dead.
- 晴れて許された源氏は都へ戻ることになったが、その頃既に明石の御方は源氏の子を身ごもっていた。
- Genji was forgiven in public and would go back to the capital, but Lady Akashi was already pregnant with Genji's child by then.
- ただし、第2次鉱毒調査委員会の設置は、既に閣議決定されていて、公布されていないだけであった。
- As a matter of fact, the government had already decided before their talks to form another Mine Poison Survey Committee and it had not been officially announced.
- また、建武新政期の『二条河原落書』の原型となるような戯れ歌が既にみられることも注目に価する。
- It is remarkable that humorous songs which would later be models of 'Nijo Kawara Rakusho' (the Lampoon at Nijo river beach) in Kenmu Restoration period were already contained.
- 第二項の場合には、手形訴訟のため既に指定した期日は、通常の手続のために指定したものとみなす。
- In the case referred to in paragraph (2), the date already designated for the action on bills and notes shall be deemed to have been designated for ordinary proceedings.
- 既に内閣府令で定める期間継続して有価証券報告書のうち内閣府令で定めるものを提出していること。
- the person must have continuously filed Annual Securities Reports as specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance during the period specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance; and
- さらに、その下に長さ6.7メートルの長大な棺を納めた竪穴式石室があり、既に盗掘を受けている。
- Furthermore, under the above platform, there was a vertical stone chamber in which a long coffin with the length of 6.7 meters was kept but the chamber had already been robbed.
- 既に親鸞の師・法然に見られる思想であるが、これを教義的に整備したのが親鸞であるともいわれる。
- This is something you can see in the thinking of Honen, who was Shinran's teacher, but it is also said that Shinran organized the idea as a doctrine.
- このような様式としてのわび茶は、唐物を尊ぶ既成の価値観への反抗を母体として発生したといえる。
- Wabicha was thought to evolve from rejecting an existing set of values appreciating the karamono.
- 憲仁親王は既に薨去しており、男子の後継者がいないため、妃の憲仁親王妃久子が宮家の当主を務める。
- Its current head is Kikuko, Princess Norihito as Prince Norihito has passed away without leaving a male heir.
- あるいは『京鹿子娘道成寺』の「追回しの合方」のように、既存の曲に後世合方を補作したものもある。
- Or, like 'oimawashi no aikata' (partner as an odd-job man) in 'Kyo Kanokomusume Dojoji' (The maiden at Dojo Temple), the existing works were revised and improved to have the aikata's parts later.
- 少なくとも南北朝時代 (日本)の14世紀の半ばには、既に盛んに行われていたことが分かっている。
- It is confirmed that many kanjin-Noh performances were already held in the middle of the 14th century at the latest, during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- なお九州年号には仏教的な語句が見られることから、九州にはこの時期既に仏教が伝来していたとする。
- It is believed that Buddhism was introduced during this period as the Kyushu era included Buddhist terms.
- もともと尾崎家は伊勢屋という商家であると推定されるが、惣蔵の代には既に廃業していたようである。
- It is assumed that the Ozaki family used to be a house of merchants named Iseya, but it seems that Iseya had already been out of business by the time of the Sozo generation.
- 翌寛和元年(985年)母娘共に帰京するが、この頃既に徽子女王は病身であったらしく、同年卒した。
- The following year mother and daughter returned to the capital together, but Queen Kishi seems already to have been suffering from an illness at this point, and she died one year later.
- ロシアは満洲の植民地化を既定事実化しようとしたが、日英米がこれに抗議しロシアは撤兵を約束した。
- Although Russia attempted to secure Manchuria through colonization, Japan, England, and the United States protested, and Russia subsequently promised to withdraw its troops.
- ただし、国衙からの許可を受けやすく、既墾地系荘園や寄進地系荘園よりも広かったと考えられている。
- It is considered that the area of Zoyakumen kei shoen was bigger than that of Kikonchi kei shoen or Kishinchi kei shoen (shoen originated from donated land) because the certification of kokuga was easily obtained.
- 株式会社が組織変更をして合資会社となるときは、有限責任社員が既に履行した出資の価額を証する書面
- in cases where a stock company intends to effect an entity conversion into a limited partnership company, a document evidencing the value of the contributions already made by the limited partners.
- これに対して既存の大乗仏教からは批判がなされたが、浄土教は念仏結社をつくるなど実践で対処した。
- The believers of conventional Mahayana Buddhism criticized these teachings, but the Jodo Sect rallied by forming Nenbutsu Kessha (groups for invocation of Buddha's name).
- 伝来の茶道具展 (既存展示室改築完成):2006年7月15日(土)~2007年4月15日(日)
- Legacy Utensils of the Tea Ceremony (Refurbished existing gallery): July 15, 2006 (Sat) - April 15, 2007 (Sun)
- うち大字上鳥羽の一部は大正7年、下京区に編入され、「西九条」を冠称する6町に編成された(既述)。
- (As has been mentioned above) a part of Oaza Kamitoba was included in Shimogyo Ward in 1918 and was reorganized into six towns prefixed by 'Nishikujo.'
- 干拓によって、634haの干拓田ができ、あわせて周辺の1,260haの既存耕地の改良が行われた。
- As a result of reclamation, 634 ha of reclaimed farmland became available and, in conjunction with reclamation, a work to improve the existing 1,260 hectares of cultivated fields in the surrounding areas was carried out.
- 室町時代の文献の中に既に「重箱」の記述を見ることができるので、その歴史はかなり古いと考えられる。
- The history of Jubako is considered to be rather long because the term 'Jubako' can be found in literature from the Muromachi period.
- 但し、『日本書紀』の中大兄皇子と中臣鎌足が蘇我入鹿を誅する記述中に既に「長槍」の語が現れている。
- However, the term, 'long spear' appeared in the part where Naka no Oe no Oji and NAKATOMI no Kamatari executed SOGA no Iruka, of 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan).
- 相殺のために主張した請求の成立又は不成立の判断は、相殺をもって対抗した額について既判力を有する。
- A determination on the validity or invalidity of a claim alleged for the purpose of effecting a set-off shall have res judicata for the amount duly asserted by reason of the set-off.
- 前項の照会は、既にされた予告通知と重複する予告通知に対する返答に基づいては、することができない。
- An inquiry set forth in the preceding paragraph may not be made based on a response to the advance notice that overlaps with any previous advance notice.
- これらの宗派は、定着するまで例外なく既存の宗派に弾劾されたが、同時に旧宗派の革新も引き起こした。
- These sects had all been suppressed by conventional sects until they had become established but, at the same time, they led innovations in the old religious sects.
- 現在の治定が正しいとするなら、平城天皇には新たな陵墓が造られず既存の古墳に追墓されたことになる。
- If the authorization is right, it means that a new imperial mausoleum was not made for Emperor Heizei, but he was buried in an existing kofun as the additional deceased.
- このとき日奥は再び対馬に配流されることになったが、既になくなっており、遺骨が配流されたとされる。
- Nichio was supposed to be banished to Tsushima again, but as he had already died, his ashes were banished.
- そして大正期に入ってから、鎌倉時代に成立した上記6宗派をもって既存宗派と区別する見解が登場した。
- In the Taisho period, there appeared the views which distinguished above 6 sects that established in the Kamakura period from the other sects.
- 既に実質上の大王だった葛城皇子の祖母であり、飛鳥嶋宮に住んだことから没後には嶋皇祖母命と称された。
- As she was the grandmother of Katsuragi no Miko, who had already become actual okimi (great king), and she lived in Shimanomiya (detached palace) in Asuka, she was called Shima no sumemiya no mikoto.
- 初期荘園(しょきしょうえん)は、8~9世紀に未墾地の墾田化・既墾の墾田の集積を通して成立した荘園。
- Shoki shoen (early shoen) were shoen (manors) established through an accumulation of wasteland and a collection of reclaimed rice fields from the eighth to the ninth century.
- 新郎・新婦の既婚の姉妹は色留袖・黒留袖のどちらが望ましいのかという点は、意見が分かれるようである。
- Opinions are divided as to whether Kurotomesode or Irotomesode should be worn by the married sister of the bridegroom and the bride.
- 日本においても18世紀頃には、既に越後において「陰火」(いんか)として天然ガスの存在が知られいる。
- As early as in 18th century Japan natural gas was already known as 'Inka' in Echigo.
- だが、承久の変からは既に100年以上が経過しており、地域によっては混乱も生じたことが知られている。
- However, more than 100 years had passed since the Jokyu War, and some areas are known to have witnessed confusion.
- 1300年の前後数年がどういう時代であったかというと、既に見てきたとおり執権北条貞時の時代である。
- As for the years around 1300, it was the reign of regent Sadatoki HOJO, as previously mentioned.
- さらに、橘高章と安本美典は、247年3月24日夕方にも北部九州で皆既日食が起こったことを指摘した。
- Moreover, Akira KITTAKA and Biten YASUMOTO pointed out that a total eclipse of the sun also occurred on the evening of March 24, 247, once again in northern Kyushu.
- この戦いに先立つ事8月18日、既に秀吉は逝去していたが、このことは在朝鮮日本軍には秘匿されていた。
- Although Hideyoshi had already died on September 18 before this battle started, this was concealed from the Japanese army in Korea.
- 日本の奴婢制度は、律令制の崩壊と共に消滅し、900年代には既に奴婢制度の廃止令が出ている様である。
- The slavery system in Japan disappeared along with the collapse of the ritsuryo system, and in the 900s, an edict to abolish the slavery system seemed to be already promulgated.
- 稲目の代になると、過去に大臣を出していた葛城氏や平群氏は既に本宗家の滅亡により勢いをなくしていた。
- The Katsuragi and Heguri clans, whose members served as ministers in the past, had lost their respective influence by Iname's generation due to the demise of the main branches of their clans.
- 譲渡に係る債権(既に発生した債権のみを譲渡する場合に限る。第十条第三項第三号において同じ。)の総額
- the total amount of the assigned claims (limited to the case of assigning claims already arisen; the same shall apply in Article 10, paragraph (3), item (iii));
- 設立の登記の申請書には、有限責任社員が既に履行した出資の価額を証する書面を添付しなければならない。
- In filing a written application for a registration of incorporation, a document evidencing the value of contributions already made by limited partners shall be attached thereto.
- 新規業者の参入のほか、既存の業者が中央会を脱退した上で引き続き駅構内での販売を行っている例もあり、
- In addition to the newcomers, some former member companies continued to sell Ekiben within station precincts after leaving the Center Committee.
- 日本では縄文時代草創期(13000年〜10000年前)には既に登場し、狩猟の道具として使用される。
- In Japan the bow and arrow appeared in the beginning of the Jomon Period (10,000-13,000 years ago) and was used as a tool for hunting.
- しかし近年、国産のハゼノキは減少し既に入手が困難になりつつあり、将来的な資源の枯渇が懸念されている。
- However, it is becoming harder to gain hazenoki produced in Japan, and is believed that the resource will dry up in the future.
- 鉄道の敷設計画は上記の影響を受け、幕末には既に薩摩藩や佐賀藩、江戸幕府などを中心にいくらか出てきた。
- Under the circumstances described above, some railroad projects were already being drawn up in some places, such as Satsuma Domain, Saga Domain and Edo, in the end of the Edo period.
- 既存の「文明国」(すなわち西欧諸国)により「文明国」加入を支持されていること(具体的には条約改正)。
- The country must be admitted to the group of 'civilized country' by existing 'civilized countries' (namely Western countries) (specifically, revision of treaties).
- 唐代には既に印章を美術的に論じた文献がみられるが、北宋の米芾がはじめて篆刻した文人とみなされている。
- Although there were books which discussed seals from an artistic point of view already in the Tang period, BEI Futsu in the Northern Sung Dynasty was regarded as the first Bunjin who engraved a Tenkoku.
- イザナギはイザナミをさがしに黄泉の国へと赴くが、黄泉の国のイザナミは既に変わり果てた姿になっていた。
- Izanagi went down to Yomi (the land of the dead) to look for Izanami, but found that she had already been completely changed from her former self.
- 「幻」で紫の上を失い傷心の源氏を見舞ったのが最後の登場で、「紅梅」で既に死去していたことが知られる。
- His last appearance was in the chapter 'Maboroshi' (The Wizard) when he visited Hikaru Genji who was broken-hearted after his wife Lady Murasaki's death; in the chapter 'Kobai' (the rose plum) it was mentioned that Hotaru Hyobukyo no Miya had already been dead.
- 利休の茶の湯の重要な点は、名物を尊ぶ既成の価値観を否定したところにあり、一面では禁欲主義ともいえる。
- The fundamental point of Rikyu's tea was to deny the importance placed on meibutsu (famous works of art and craft), and it could be called a kind of asceticism.
- また改革の影響で既存の版元の枠組みが崩れたことにより、新興の版元が多くの合巻を出版するようになった。
- Also, because of the impact of these reforms, the network of existing publishers collapsed and with this, emerging publishers were able to publish many 'Gokan' picture books.
- その場合、既に焼き上げたものの他、焼いていないもの、真空パックにしたもの、冷凍食品のものなどもある。
- In this case, yakitori may be ungrilled, vacuum-packed, or frozen, if it is not already grilled.
- そのため、単なる既成事実であった国免荘にも課税(一国平均役)をするため、たびたび荘園整理令が出された。
- Therefore, Manor Regulation Acts were frequently ordered to levy taxes (Ikkoku heikinyaku [taxes and labor uniformly imposed on shoen and kokugaryo in a province]) even on kokumen no sho, which was, after all, nothing more than an accomplished fact.
- 既に故人ではあるが、彼の遺品であった拄杖が恐ろしい空間を生み出し、小坊主時代の一休宗純が嵌ってしまう。
- Although the Emperor had already passed away, the staff he had used during his time as a priest was found one day by Sojun IKKYU, a young Buddhist novice, and this staff opened up a portal to a kind of hell dimension that Sojun then fell into.
- 酒匠はより上位の資格で、きき酒師や焼酎アドバイザーといった資格を既に保有していることが受験資格となる。
- To qualify for certification as a licensed sake taster, which is a more advanced certification, applicants are required to be certified as a sake taster or shochu adviser.
- 若い一般女性らの間でも普段着の装飾として流行したものだが、後に既婚女性にも広く用いられるようになった。
- It gained popularity as an accessory on casual kimono among ordinary young women, then later, it was widely used by married women.
- だが、勝頼の代には有力な勢力だった浅井・朝倉が、長篠城の戦いの前年に長島一向衆が、既に滅ぼされていた。
- When Katsuyori came to power, however, the powerful clans of Azai and Asakura had been destroyed a year before the Battle and the followers of the Ikko sect in Nagashima had been already defeated.
- 前項の収益は、後に収穫すべき天然果実及び既に弁済期が到来し、又は後に弁済期が到来すべき法定果実とする。
- The earnings set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be natural fruits to be harvested on a later date and civil fruits that are already due and to be due on a later date.
- 消防隊が駆けつけた時には、既に舎利殿から猛列な炎が噴出して手のつけようがなく、46坪の建築物が全焼した。
- When the firefighters arrived on the scene of the fire, Shariden was already bursting into flames and was beyond help, resulting in complete destruction of 182 square yards of architectural structure by fire.
- 日本では縄文時代、弥生時代に於いては貝塚などから貝殻が出土するなどから既に食用とされていたことがわかる。
- In Japan, from the fact that shells have been excavated from shell mounds, it can be seen that awabi were already being eaten in the Jomon and Yayoi Periods.
- これは『万葉集』の時代には既に固定化されていたもので、先例にならって使用され続けたものと考えられている。
- They are thought to have already been fixed in the period of 'Manyoshu,' and to continue to be used after the precedent.
- 明・朝鮮軍の総力を挙げた攻勢を撃退した日本軍であったが、既に8月18日に秀吉は死去していた(享年62)。
- Although the Japanese forces fought off the all-out attack from the Ming-Korean forces, Hideyoshi had already died on September 18th (died at the age of 62).
- 後期屯田の実施時には、既に北海道の開拓が相当に進展しており、大規模な入植に適した土地が少なくなっていた。
- At the time of the late tondenhei settlements Hokkaido had been reclaimed to a great extent and the land suitable for large-scale immigration had been scarce.
- ここにおける「無」は単なる存在としての有無ではなく、既成の善/悪の観念・価値からは自由であることを指す。
- And it should also noted that the character 'mu (無)' used in the first sentence, which usually indicates 'nothing', 'denying the presence', indicates 'being free from the conventional concept and value of good and evil.'
- 認知は、出生の時にさかのぼってその効力を生ずる。ただし、第三者が既に取得した権利を害することはできない。
- Affiliation has retroactive effect from the time of birth; provided that this shall not prejudice a right already acquired by a third party.
- したがって『涅槃経』は『法華経』で既に述べた教説を機根の低い衆生に重ねて説いただけにすぎない、とされる。
- According to this interpretation, 'the Nirvana Sutra' is no more than another version of Buddha's previous teachings revealed in 'the Lotus Sutra' sermons, made particularly for the unenlightened masses.
- 八代の弟子であり、既に結婚独立していたが、九代の急死のため、急遽師匠の命により呼び戻されて後継者となる。
- He had been a disciple of the eighth Seigen and already married and set up business on his own, but due to the sudden death of the ninth Seigen, he was called back hastily by his master, and became a successor.
- 他方で既に遊興の道具としての弓矢は民衆の間で存在しており、盛り場での賭弓場が維新後の都市部で大流行した。
- On the other hand, Yumiya (bow and arrow) as a tool for pleasure already existed among the common people, and gambling archery halls at public resorts were very popular in urban areas after the revolution.
- 室城神社の『矢形餅の神事』などは起源が奈良時代まで遡り、既に弓矢の霊妙な力が信じられていた様子が伺える。
- The origin of the 'Yakatamochi-no-shinji ritual' of Muroki-jinja Shrine goes back to the Nara Period, which shows that the spiritual power of the bow and arrow was already believed in.
- 五条家自身は既に京都相撲の力士・大碇紋太郎に横綱免許を発給したことを最後に相撲界との縁から遠ざかっている。
- The Gojo family has distanced itself from the world of sumo wrestling since it last issued a yokozuna license to a sumo wrestler of Kyoto zumo, Montaro OIKARI.
- 明智謀反の報を受けた信忠は本能寺に救援に向かおうとしたが、既に事態は決したから逃げるように側近に諭された。
- Nobutada, who received a report of the revolt by the Akechi clan, intended to go to the Honno-ji Temple to rescue, but he was dissuaded by his close aide to run away because the situations in the Honno-ji Temple were already finalized.
- 世間では「伊勢物語の斎宮であればともかく、この内親王は既に斎宮を下りているのだから」と同情する声もあった。
- People in general felt sympathy for her, saying 'Aside from Saigu of Ise Monogatari (The Tale of Ise), this Imperial Princess has already resigned as Saigu.'
- 当主が既に死亡しているにもかかわらず、周囲のものがそれを隠して当主の名において養子縁組を行うこともあった。
- Even when the head of the family had been already dead, sometimes an adoption was carried out in the name of the family head by concealing his death for some time.
- 江戸時代に入ると、『庭訓往来』のような既成の往来物に加えて新たな往来物が目的に応じて著されるようになった。
- In the Edo period, on top of the then existing oraimono such as 'Teikin Orai,' new oraimono were introduced with different purposes.
- 李氏朝鮮成立の過程で土地制度の改革が行われ、科田制及び職田制が導入され、多くの既存荘園が没収されていった。
- During the formation process of the Yi Dynasty Korea, the land system was reformed, the rank-land system (kwajonbop) and the 'office land' (chikchon) system were introduced and lots of existing manors were confiscated.
- 藩財政は既に浦賀、蝦夷地の警備の任にあったことで窮乏状態にあり、また、家臣も就任反対で意見が一致していた。
- The clan's financial condition was very bad because they had to bear the role of guarding Uraga and Ezochi (inhabited area of the Ainu) and the clan's followers also all agreed to oppose Katamori's taking the post.
- こうした状況は、日本の歴史研究が近代的な歴史学を受容するための十分な素地を既に生んでいたと評価されている。
- This situation is evaluated to show that the research of history in Japan had already been provided with enough bases for accepting modern history.
- 黒・色共に原則として既婚女性用の第一礼装であるが、最近では色留袖が未婚の女性に着用されることも多くなった。
- In principle, both Kurotomesode and Irotomesode are full dress for married women, but these days, an increasing number of unmarried women wear Irotomesode.
- 豊後水道に面する臼杵藩では、既に大友義鑑の治世に水練が始められたと伝えられ、古くから水練術が盛んであった。
- Swimming practice has been popular since old days in the Usuki Domain, facing Bungo Suido (the channel between Kyushu and Shikoku Islands), and it is believed that swimming practice has already started during the reign of Yoshiaki OTOMO.
- また観世流・宝生流・金剛流・金春流の四座では既に廃曲となった謡曲や、四座では忘れられた所作も現存している。
- Also, some Noh music pieces already abolished and some motions already forgotten in the four extant schools, Kanze school, Hosho school, Kongo school, and Konparu school remain.
- いずれにせよ、今後の研究進展によって、既存の小説や映画とは異なった人物像が浮かび上がって来る可能性がある。
- Anyway, it is possible his different profiles from that of the novel and the movie will be revealed by further study.
- 既存の仏教界のあり方に信長が辟易していたこともあり、フロイスはその信任を獲得して畿内での布教を許可された。
- Nobunaga was weary of the prevailing Buddhist society, and because Frois was able to earn the trust of Nobunaga he was allowed to carry out his missionary work in the Kinai area.
- 訪問の途中、かつて会った中川の女の元に歌を詠みかけるが、既に心変わりしてしまったのかやんわりと拒絶される。
- Hikaru Genji, on his way, wrote a poem to a woman of Nakagawa whom he once met, but who gently rejected him, perhaps because she had already changed her mind.
- だが、現実には既に宅嗣の死から3年後に長岡京次いで平安京への遷都が行われ、平城京自体の荒廃が始まっていた。
- In reality, however, the capital was moved three years after Yakatsugu's death to Nagaoka-kyo and later to Heian-kyo, marking the decline of Heijo-kyo.
- 第一項の規定による受託者の選任の裁判に対しては、受益者又は既に存する受託者は、即時抗告をすることができる。
- A beneficiary or the current trustee may file an immediate appeal against a judicial decision on the appointment of a trustee under the provisions of paragraph (1).
- たとえば、浄土宗や臨済宗などの鎌倉新仏教が新しく成立した時に、奈良や平安などの既存仏教から論難排撃された。
- For example, one must consider the fact that the new Buddhist sects that came into existence during the Kamakura period, such as the Pure Land sect and Rinzai sect, were severely criticized by the existing Buddhist schools, including those of Nara and Heian Buddhism.
- また、江戸時代には墳丘上に、埴輪が散乱し、大穴があったことが知られており、既に盗掘されていると考えられる。
- Unfortunately it is considered that this tumulus has been robbed already, judging from the singes found in Edo period with scattered Haniwa pieces and a large hole dug on the tumulus ground.
- 豚カツなど他のカツレツ、フライ料理と同種の料理法だが、既に中身に火が通っているため二度揚げする必要はない。
- The method of cooking korokke is very similar to pork cutlets and other cutlets and deep fried dishes, but the korokke body is precooked and it is not necessary to deep fry it twice.
- 漆塗りに装飾を施した弓が狩りとった獲物と共に埋葬されるなど、呪術的・霊的用途に使われた形跡が既に見られる。
- As decorated, lacquered bows were buried with prey, it seems to have been used already for witching and spiritual events.
- これは当時既に天武天皇の子女の中で彼女が最後の生存者になっていたために格別な敬意が払われたものとされている。
- It is said that she was granted the rank as a token of special respect to her, who was the only living child of the Emperor Tenmu at the time.
- もしくは、それらが何らかの主張のもと既成の支配体制に対して武力行使を含む抵抗運動を展開している状態を指した。
- Ikki also referred to a state in which the uncertified military forces would carry out a resistance movement, including the use of armed forces, against the existing regime based on a claim.
- ただし国人・地侍等の既得権授益層の解体を意味するため、最終的に徹底しされるのは、豊臣秀吉の天下統一後である。
- However, as the measures meant to dissolve the classes such as kokujin (local lord) and jizamurai who had had vested interests, it was after the unification of the whole country by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI that heinobunri was thoroughly accomplished.
- 新政府の鎮撫使(世良修蔵)を殺害し、白石口で既に本格的な攻防戦が開始されていたことから軍事同盟へと変化した。
- After the alliance killed Shuzo SERA, the chinbushi (temporary provincial superintendent), and began to engage in full-scale battles in Shiraishi-guchi, the nature of the alliance was changed to a military one.
- ライナービヤーは既存ビール会社からビールと紛らわしいと不正競争防止法で訴えられ、事実上販売を差し止められた。
- Liner Beer Co., Ltd. was sued by older beer companies based on the Unfair Competition Prevention Act and it is claimed that Liner's product was confusingly similar to beer and Liner was forced in effect to halt sales.
- ただし、原則として赤い襟は少女向けとされるので、既婚女性は赤色やそれに近い色は避けたほうが無難とされている。
- However, since red collars are regarded for young girls in principle, it is better for married women to avoid those of red or similar colors.
- 戦国時代 (日本)以降になると、急激に廃れ、既存の板碑も廃棄されたり、用水路の蓋などに転用されたものもある。
- In the Sengoku period they rapidly died out, and some of existing itahi were disposed or turned into lids of irrigation ditches, etc.
- このことは、当時既に「倭国は中国世界と異なる独自の天下なのだ」という観念が発生したことを如実に物語っている。
- The above gives evidence that the notion that 'Wakoku is under its own Tenka independent from that of China' had already been established by the time.
- 上述『帝国文学』の初出では「下人は、既に、雨を冒して、京都の町へ強盗を働きに急ぎつつあつた。」になっている。
- In its first publication in the 'Teikoku Bungaku,' the story ended with, 'Cutting through the rain, the man was ready to hurry into Kyoto to commit robbery.'
- 既に年長大であったが夫を持たず(年已長大 無夫壻)、弟がいて彼女を助けていたとの伝承がある(有男弟佐治國)。
- Supposedly, she was already old when she became queen, but did not have a husband--only a younger brother who helped her.
- 同日、先陣諸勢は泉南城砦群に接近したが、既に昼を過ぎていたことから即日攻撃か翌日に延期するかで議論になった。
- On the same day, some troops of the vanguard approached castles and forts of Sennan, but since it was afternoon, they began to dispute whether they should begin to attack on that day or the next day.
- 日本語を記した辞書として10世紀末ごろには既に『和名類聚抄』が作られていたが、院政期にも新たな動きがあった。
- By the end of the tenth century, 'Wamyo Ruijusho' (dictionary of Japanese names) was already made, and there was a new progress in the Insei period.
- 同書の頒布以後、公式の場での『孝経』講義・解釈は全てこれに従うようになり、既存の注釈は廃れていく事になった。
- After distribution of this edition, all lectures and commentaries of 'Kokyo' followed suit, and conventional commentaries became obsolete.
- 訴訟が通常の手続に移行したときは、少額訴訟のため既に指定した期日は、通常の手続のために指定したものとみなす。
- When the action is transferred to ordinary proceedings, the date already designated for the action on small claim shall be deemed to have been designated for ordinary proceedings.
- 諸神社の儀式遂行とその財源たる所領等の保障を目的に、既売却地・質流れ地等の無償返付を内容とした法令を発布した。
- With a view to facilitating the performance of rituals by and securing the estates and other assets of Shinto shrines which would support financing of their performance, the governing authorities promulgated mainly providing for free returning of sold or forfeited land lots.
- かくして三貨制度(小判、丁銀、銭貨)が確立することになるが、これは既存の貨幣の流通形態を踏襲するものであった。
- With this the sanka (tri-metallic, i.e., gold, silver and copper) monetary system was built on the existing system of currency distribution.
- 荘園は全国におよび、大修理の際には、一国全体を任されることもあり、既存の杣の山林資源が枯渇していたのを補った。
- In addition to its manors scattering throughout Japan, the province that was designated to offer its wealth for major repair supplemented the resources depleted from its existing lumber production forests.
- これは高官の例であるが、いずれにせよ当時既に官吏に対し国が公印を支給する習慣があったことがここからうかがえる。
- This is an example of a high official, but this tells there was already the custom of providing official seals to government officials at that time.
- 既に締結されていた英仏協商と併せて、欧州情勢は日露戦争以前の英・露仏・独墺伊の三勢力が鼎立していた状況だった。
- Before the Russo-Japanese War, Europe was alligned into three major blocs of England, Russia/France, and Germany/Austria/Italy, underlined by an Entente Cordiale concluded between England and France.
- 神饌の団子は蒸したままのものであったため、祈祷を済ませた後、それを食する際には既に水分が飛んで硬くなっていた。
- Since dumplings for offerings to gods were only steamed, they became dried and hard when served after the prayer.
- 皇族身位令(皇室令。既に廃止)に準じて、成年となった場合は大勲位の勲等に叙せられ、大勲位菊花大綬章が授けられる。
- In accordance with Kozoku Shinirei (Koshitsu-rei , already abolished), when one becomes a legal adult, he is bestowed the order of supreme merit, and is given the Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum.
- 以降と言いながら、時代を遡ってしまうが、1972年の段階で、既に「より総合的な視点が」という指摘はなされていた。
- The title indicates the trend after the theory, but it should be noted that even in 1972 before the theory was out, there was indication among scholars that 'more comprehensive view' was needed.
- 蔚山、泗川、順天への攻勢を退けた日本軍であったが、既に秀吉は8月に死去しており戦争を継続する意義は失われていた。
- The Japanese army repulsed attacks to Ulsan, Sacheon, and Suncheon, but, since Hideyoshi had already died in October, the significance of continuing the war had been lost.
- 第一項の処分の申立ては、既にした予告通知と重複する予告通知又はこれに対する返答に基づいては、することができない。
- A petition for a disposition set forth in paragraph (1) may not be filed based on the advance notice that overlaps with any previous advance notice or based on a response to such overlapping advance notice.
- 元日の配達は朝に出発式を行う郵便局も多いが、元日には既に山場は終わっており現実に配る年賀状はすでに郵便局にない。
- At many post offices, a departure ceremony is held before the delivery on New Year's Day, but the peak of the process has passed and the nengajo are no longer in the post office.
- また、朝鮮王朝は恒居倭に対し営業税の課税を検討したが、既に早田氏が課税しているため実行は困難と判断し中止している。
- Although the Korean Dynasty also wanted to impose a business tax on kokyowa, they found it difficult to carry out that idea because the Soda clan already imposed the equivalent tax, and they eventually gave up that plan.
- 『信長公記』によれば、この時期には既に義昭が信長に対し反抗する意思を有していたことは明白になっていたとされている。
- 'Shincho koki (Biography of Nobunaga ODA)' says that it had already become apparent that Yoshiaki showed a rebellious attitude toward Nobunaga.
- また、岐翁は武野紹鴎と親しく交わり「茶話を楽」しんだというが、紹鴎誕生時(文亀2年・1502年)岐翁は既に74歳。
- It is also said that GIO formed a close friendship with Joo TAKENO to 'enjoy chatting over tea,' but GIO was already 74 years old when Joo was born (1502).
- しかし、実際にはもっと古く、周や漢の時代には既に散楽と呼ばれる民間の俗楽(古散楽)が行われていたとも言われている。
- Actually, however, it is believed that worldly music (old Sangaku) called Sangaku existed as early as the Zhou or Han era.
- 平安末期や鎌倉時代には既に例が見られるが、まだ一般的ではなく、室町時代、江戸時代を経てゆっくりと一般化していった。
- Such a change could be seen as early as the end of the Heian period and the Muromachi period but was not common yet, and gradually became generalized through the Muromachi and Edo periods.
- なお、かつて四座一流に所属していた流派であっても、笛方の春日流のように既に廃絶した流派は入会資格に示されていない。
- Even the schools that were once part of Yamato-shiza do not qualify for membership in the association if they have gone out of business like Kasuga-ryu of fue-kata.
- 一方、和服の既製品の場合は、袴と足袋を除けば、子供用・大人の男性用・大人の女性用の3つの標準寸法があるだけである。
- Contrastingly, in the case of ready-made wafuku, with the exception of hakama (a formal divided skirt for men) and tabi (split-toe socks), there are only three standard sizes: for children, adult men and adult women.
- 以後、大規模な移配は行われなくなり、代わって既に移配された俘囚・夷俘を小規模集団単位で二次移配する事例が増加する。
- After this petition was accepted, Ihai was no longer carried out on a large scale; instead, the barbarians who had already been sent to other places were sent again to new places in small groups.
- このように着々と既成事実を構築していた明治2年9月4日、大村は京都三条木屋町上ルの旅館で刺客に襲われ重傷を負った。
- While working to establish the army, Omura was attacked by an assassin at an inn in Kyoto on October 8, 1869 and badly injured.
- 明治政府は宮中と政府の分離を図るとともに既に流動化しつつあった身分規制の撤廃を進めて国民に職業選択の自由を認めた。
- The Meiji government tried to separate the court and government and proceeded in taking away the class restrictions that were already starting to become fluid and allowed the public to have the right to select an occupation.
- それは、1882年に鳥取県より出された全士族のうちの9割が既に金禄公債を売却してしまったという報告書に現れている。
- An report issued by Tottori Prefecture in 1882, which said that 90% of all the former warriors had already sold their public bonds, verified this fact.
- 939年には伴保平が参議となり、久々に公卿が出たが、既に72歳の高齢で、950年に引退して以降は公卿は出なくなる。
- In 939, 72-year-old TOMO no Yasuhira was promoted to Sangi, becoming the first Kugyo (high court noble) from the clan in some time, though no Kugyo was chosen from the Tomo clan upon his retirement in 950.
- 「サラスヴァティー」の漢訳は「辯才天」であるが、既述の理由により日本ではのちに「辨財天」とも書かれるようになった。
- The kanji representation of the name 'Saraswati' is 'Benzaiten' (辯才天) but, for the reasons stated above, the 'zai' (才) character is also written using the character meaning money (辨財天).
- 上記から、江戸時代中期には既に江戸で七夕祭りが始まっており、江戸時代末期には大坂でも盛んになっている様子が窺える。
- The above descriptions indicate that tanabata was already celebrated in Edo as early as during the mid-Edo period and at the end of the Edo period, it also flourished in Osaka.
- これは為平親王の外戚で既に一上の地位を得ていた高明が更なる権力を得ることに対する藤原氏側の危惧があったとされている。
- It was (the reason why the Imperial Prince Tamehira did not become Crown Prince) presumed that the Fujiwara clan's concern about Takaakira having more political power, himself already being the maternal relative to Imperial Prince Tamehira and had a certain position in the Imperial Palace.
- 吉川英治は『私本太平記』中で「天子の座は象徴で、治天の君たる上皇、法皇にこそ実権がある、というのは既に常識であった。
- In 'Shihon Taihei ki' (the Record of Great peace), Eiji YOSHIKAWA mentioned, 'It was common sense for emperors not to rule the government, instead, Chiten no kimi, the retired emperors and the cloister emperors who had joined a Buddhist order, took the actual control of the politics.
- 1857年(安政4年)には鹿児島県鹿児島市の仙巌園において、既存の灯籠にガスの管を繋ぎ、照明としてガスを燃焼させた。
- In 1857 Sengan Park in Kagoshima City, Kagoshima Prefecture attached a gas pipe to an existing stone lantern to burn gas for illumination.
- つまり、大和を中心とした西日本全域に大きな影響力を持つ勢力、即ち大和王権がこの時期既に成立していたとの見方ができる。
- This leads to the notion that a power which held great influence all around western Japan, centering upon Yamato - that is to say, Yamato kingdom - had already been established at that time.
- この時点で既に官職を賜っていた柴田勝家・佐久間信盛は別としても、丹羽長秀・豊臣秀吉などより地位が高かったとみていい。
- At this moment, even forgetting Katsuie SHIBATA and Nobumori SAKUMA who had already been given appointments, Mitsuhide could be seen as having a higher position than Nagahide NIWA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- 開港開市の規定などについては、英仏などの欧米列強は既に最恵国待遇を得ていたので、日本も同じ恩恵に預かることが出来た。
- Regarding opening ports and cities, Japan was able to receive the benefits from most-favored-nation treatment, which the western powers including England and France had already acquired.
- 室町時代には既に京目金一両は4.5匁となり、安土桃山時代は京目金一両は4.4匁、田舎目金一両は4匁前後へと変化した。
- The value of Kyome (old Japanese unit of measure used around Kyoto) 1 ryo of gold had already declined to 4.5 monme in the Muromachi period, while Kyome to 4.4 monme and Inakame (unit of measure in old Japan) to around 4 monme in the Azuchi Momoyama period.
- 前項第一号から第五号までに掲げる文書が提出されたときは、執行裁判所は、既にした執行処分をも取り消さなければならない。
- When any of the documents listed in items (i) to (v) of the preceding paragraph has been submitted, the execution court shall revoke even a disposition of execution that has already been made.
- 悪意の占有者は、果実を返還し、かつ、既に消費し、過失によって損傷し、又は収取を怠った果実の代価を償還する義務を負う。
- A possessor in bad faith shall be obligated to return fruits, and reimburse the price of fruits that he/she has already consumed, has damaged due to negligence or has failed to collect.
- だが、順慶の死後には豊臣秀吉が弟の豊臣秀長に大和一国を与えて、既存の支配体制を否定、衆徒・国民を強制的に解散させた。
- However, after Junkei's death Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI gave Yamato Province to his brother Hidenaga TOYOTOMI, thus defying the conventional ruling system, and broke up the shuto and Kokumin by compulsion.
- 既に平安中期の天台宗では称名念仏の影響で題目も唱える様になってたが、題目そのものが教義に組み込まれることは無かった。
- The Tendai sect in the mid-Heian period came to recite the Nichiren chant already affected by the invocation of the Buddha's name, but it simply didn't incorporate Nichiren chant into dharma.
- このため、既述のような仏教伝達による百済の対梁外交上の意義が失われることからも、書紀の552年説は難があるとされる。
- This means that there was no more diplomatic meaning of the transition of Buddhism against Liang by Baekje as mentioned above, so that the theory of 552 by Shoki seems to have a problem.
- 「既に是れ仏性、什麼としてか這箇の皮袋裏に撞入するや」(大意:仏性があるならなぜ犬は畜生の姿のままなのでしょうか?)
- If a dog has the Buddha-nature, why does a dog have the figure of a beast?'
- 既存の『弘仁式』を増訂・追補した諸規定・細則を集めて編纂し、『弘仁式』を廃止することなく、両方を併用する方式を採った。
- The Jogan-shiki Code was compiled from the existing 'Konin-shiki Code' (the supplemental law determined in the Konin era), unifying corrected and supplemented rules and detailed regulations, and both codes were used together without abolishing the 'Konin-shiki Code'.
- だが、当時幕府財政は破綻寸前であり、改税約書が結ばれた当時には既に幕府はこれよりも質を落として貨幣を発行し続けていた。
- However, the financial affairs of the bakufu at the time were on the verge of collapse, and by the time the kaizeiyakusho was concluded, the bakufu had already lowered the quality of coins even more and continued issuing them.
- そして、この13棟は半環状に配置されていることから、早期初頭には、既に相当な規模の定住集落を形成していたと推定される。
- Since these 13 dwellings were arranged in a semi-circle, it is assumed that the sedentary settlement of a considerable scale was established by the beginning of the earlier period.
- 大永年間の文書に見える「長井新左衛門尉」が道三の父と同一人物であれば、既に父の代に長井氏として活動していたことになる。
- If 'Shinzaemonnojo NAGAI' that appears in the documents from the Daiei era (1521-27) is the same person as Dosan's father, then this implies that Dosan's father was already using the name NAGAI.
- このため、既存の森林についても 1990年以降に適切な管理を行うことで、その森林を吸収分として算入できるようになった。
- Accordingly, existing forests which have been appropriately managed since 1990 can be put into the amount as a sink.
- 関ヶ原の戦い後、各地に移封され、大幅に加封された外様大名達によって次々に城が建設され、既存の城も多くで改築を施された。
- After the Battle of Sekigahara, tozama daimyos (non-hereditary feudal lords), who were transferred to other domains with substantial additional properties, built one castle after another and also reconstructed many preexisting castles.
- 仏舞の由来や始まりは松尾寺の古い記録が焼失してしまったため不明だが、江戸時代初期には既に舞われていた記録は残っている。
- The origin and beginnings of the Hotokemai are unknown as Ancient Matsunoo-dera Temple records were lost to fire but records remain stating that the ritual was already being performed by the early Edo period.
- だが、九十九王子を成立せしめた中世熊野詣の先達たちの影響力は近世にはすでに失われて久しく、九十九王子も既に退転していた。
- However, the influence of the pilgrims who started visiting Kujuku Oji in the Muromachi period already disappeared during the early-modern period, and even the shrines of Kujuku Oji were declining.
- 剛の者である平教経は、鬼神の如く戦い坂東武者を討ち取りまくるが、知盛が既に勝敗は決したから罪作りなことはするなと伝えた。
- The strong warrior TAIRA no Noritsune fought on like a demon, striking down the warriors from east Japan left and right, but Tomomori told him that, with the battle already lost, he should not do anything wicked.
- 新婦以外の女性の既婚者の参加者が新婦と友達であった場合、和服を着用する場合は色留袖か訪問着が望ましいとされることが多い。
- When married female attendants who are friends with the bride wear Wafuku for the reception, they preferably wear Irotomesode or Homongi in most cases.
- しかし、666年には、既に斉明天皇は亡くなっており、穴穂部間人皇女(あなほべのはしひとのひめみこ)が即位したこともない。
- However, in 666, Emperor Saimei was not yet alive, and Anahobe no hashihitohime never ascended to the throne.
- 他に福岡市美術館所蔵の「勘当の鬼」図(重要文化財)も地獄草紙の断簡とされているが、既述の諸本とは系統の異なるものである。
- It should be noted that 'Kando no oni' (the Demon of Punishment) (Important Cultural Property) in the Fukuoka City Museum of Art is said to be one piece of the Scroll of Hells, but it is in a different lineage from those described above.
- なお、1900年10月から始まった和議交渉から、その内容ごとに逐次列国と清国間で協定を締結し、一部は既に施行されていた。
- Peace negotiations begun in October, 1900, and the Qing dynasty and each of the Great Powers concluded a treaty, respectively, according to the contents, part of which had already been implemented.
- そして、「未来の世に、如来は入滅して既にこの世にいないと説く悪比丘が現れるために、この涅槃経を説く」と随所に説いている。
- And, everywhere in its sutra, Nehan-gyo preached that it was necessary because wicked Buddhist priests may appear in the future to preach that Nyorai (Buddha) is no longer existing after his death.
- 長屋王邸出土木簡などから、奈良時代には既に貴族社会で接待料理が成立していたことが伺えるが、その具体的な形式は不詳である。
- A narrow wood strip excavated from Prince Nagaya's residence indicated that meals for visitors were already common among nobles in the Nara period, but details are unknown.
- その原因については既に上皇側に拘束されていたからだとも、仲麻呂を見限って上皇側との和解を探っていたからだとも言われている。
- As to the reason, some say that Emperor Junnin was already captured by the ex-emperor's side, others say that having gave up on Nakamaro, Emperor Junnin was trying to reconcile with the ex-emperor's side.
- 歌合当日、紀貫之(ツレ)を初め歌人たちが居並ぶ中で小町の歌が詠み上げられるが、黒主は「その歌は既存の古歌である」と難ずる。
- The contest started with master poets gathered including KI no Tsurayuki (Tsure: accompanying actor), and as soon as Komachi's poem was read out, Kuronushi criticized it by saying 'it is not her original, but one of existing poems.'
- 全五幕一場からなるこの狂言は、初演時には既に確立されていた少なくとも三つの「世界 (曖昧さ回避)」のなかで物語が展開する。
- This kyogen of five acts and one scene unfolds the story of at least three 'worlds' that had already established at the first performance.
- その署名がだんだんくずれて草書体になっていったものが書判、すなわち花押であり、平安時代前半には既にその原初形態がみられる。
- The signature came to be written in a more cursive style and became Kakihan, also known as Kao, and the original style of Kao was already seen in the early Heian period.
- 欧米の諸制度・思想を紹介して、それを文明国標準とする一方で、旧来既存の日本の考え方や制度に批判を加えようとする姿勢である。
- It was a stance to criticize the conventional way of thinking and system in Japan while it introduced the systems and thoughts of Europe and America and considered them as the standard of civilized country.
- 末期養子の届出に押判しなければならない当主が既に死亡していて、押印が偽造されている事態を防止するために行われるものである。
- It was also performed to prevent cases where the seal on the application for matsugo yoshi had been forged, since the family head who was supposed to affix his seal on the application had already deceased.
- 奈良時代には、おそらく既に耕地化された田地が支給されていたが、平安時代に入ると荒廃地・空閑地が賜与される事例が増えていく。
- In Nara period, the provided shiden was already cultivated before provision, but in Heian period, the cases increased that the provided shiden was ruined, empty land.
- 既に、第二十四条第一項本文に規定する事項を記載した有価証券報告書又は前項に規定する事項を記載した半期報告書を提出している者
- a person who has already submitted an Annual Securities Report containing descriptions on the matters specified in the main clause of Article 24(1) or a Semiannual Securities Report containing descriptions on the matters specified in the preceding paragraph; and
- 破産財団に属する財産に対して国税滞納処分が既にされている場合には、破産手続開始の決定は、その国税滞納処分の続行を妨げない。
- Where a procedure for collection of national tax delinquency has already been initiated against property that belongs to the bankruptcy estate, an order of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings shall not preclude the continuation of the procedure for collection of national tax delinquency.
- 正和3年(1314年)、自身の病身と血脈による留守職継承を既成事実とする為、長男の存覚に留守職を譲り、一条大宮に隠居する。
- In 1314, he handed over the position of Rusushiki to Zonkaku, his eldest son, and entered into a secluded life at Ichijo Omiya due to his own illness as well as with the aim of making the succession of Rusushiki by a bloodline a fait accompli.
- とあるように、宗祖日蓮の思想の中に既に「女人成仏」の思想がたくさんあるのであるから、この批判は事実相違であるとも思われる。
- Thus, there is many thoughts of 'Nyonin Jobutsu' (attainment of Buddhahood by women) in Nichiren's thought, the founder of the Sect, this criticism is in fact not true.
- だが、既に皇位が天武天皇系に移されて久しく、王自身も皇族の長老ゆえに大納言の高位に列しているだけの凡庸な人物と見られていた。
- Since the Imperial Throne was transferred to Emperor Tenmu family for a long time, Okimi himself was considered an ordinary person who was a Dainagon (Major Counselor) as he was a patriarch of the imperial family.
- 日本の市町村の廃置分合平成の大合併において、京都府内では既存の市名との重複を避ける為もあって「京」を冠するところが多かった。
- In the great merger of municipalities in the Heisei period, many cities crowned 'Kyo' in their names in order to avoid overlap from exsiting cities.
- 12世紀には既に荒廃していたが、付属の荘園群や地方官への推薦権(年挙)は中世まで残り、学館院別当の称号も名誉職として残った。
- Although it was already ruined by the 12th century, affiliated private estates and the chihokan (local official) recommendation (nenkyo) system remained up to the Middle Ages, and also, the title Gakkanin-betto (the chief officer of Gakkanin) also remained to indicate an honorary position.
- なお、824年の平城上皇の崩御の際に、既に退位していた嵯峨上皇の要望によって淳和天皇の名によって関係者の赦免が行われている。
- In addition, at the time of Retired Emperor Heizei's death in 824, Emperor Junna pardoned those involved in the incident at the request of the Retired Emperor Saga, who had already abdicated the crown.
- 武術修行において精神修養などの人間形成も重視する理念は、新陰流と将軍家などに見られるように江戸時代初期には既に生まれていた。
- The philosophy to place emphasis on human development such as the moral improvement in the ascetic practices of bujutsu had already been formed during the early Edo period as it is seen in Shinkage-ryu and the Shogun family.
- 薙刀や槍と同じ武士の調度品で源平合戦では既に使われていたとされるが、文明開化以降はほとんど残らず、教える流派も極少数である。
- It's considered as one of the furnishing goods for samurai as well as 'naginata' (Japanese halberd) or spears, and already used during the Genpei War, but after the civilization and enlightenment, it hardly existed and also there are few schools which teach its techniques.
- 後者の仏舎利を語源とする説も、秘蔵記に於ける「天竺呼米粒為舎利。仏舎利亦似米粒。是故曰舎利。」という記述で既に現われている。
- The latter theory of originating from Busshari already appeared in a description in Hizoki (an early Shingon text) that 'each grain of rice is called shari in India. Busshari also looks like a grain of rice. Therefore, it is called shari.'
- 北陸は既に雪深かったために勝家は援軍が出せず、さらに勝家の養子でもある城将柴田勝豊は、わずかな日数で秀吉に降伏してしまった。
- Katsuie could not send reinforcements due to the deep snow in Hokuriku, and moreover, the castle commander Katsutoyo SHIBATA, who was also Katsuie's adopted son, readily surrendered to Hideyoshi after only a few days.
- 法堂の成立はインドではなく、中国であり、仏教が貴族階級に浸透し始めた南北朝時代 (中国)には既に成立していたものと思われる。
- The establishment of hatto was in China, not India, and it is believed that it had already been established in the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties (China), when Buddhism began to spread through the noble class.
- 鎌倉時代には既に記述が見られる(保元物語)が、初期の頃は名称も定まっておらず起源、いつ頃から使われていたのかは解っていない。
- Kaburaya was already described (Hogen Monogatari; the Tale of the Hogen War) in Kamakura period, and the name of Kaburaya was not fixed early on; its origin and when it began to be used is unknown.
- これにより、その地域の妙齢の女性の多くが生き血を取られないようにお歯黒・引眉・地味な着物・等の既婚女性と同様の容姿となった。
- Thus, women of marriageable age in those regions often blackened their teeth, penciled their eyebrows and dressed in plain clothes as married women so that their blood would not be taken.
- これらは、南北朝合一の約束であった両統迭立を死文化し、持明院統による皇位継承を既成事実化するための将軍足利義満の意向であった。
- This was planned by Shogun, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA who tried to cancel the mutual agreement of Ryoto tetsuritsu between the Southern and the Northern Courts, and to make the Imperial succession of the Jimyoin Imperial line become an existing fact.
- 麹酸(コウジ酸/Kojic acid)は、平成7年の食品衛生法改正に伴う既存添加物として使用が認められている食品添加物である。
- Kojic acid is a food additive which is approved for use as an existing additive, according to the revision of the Food Sanitation Law in 1995.
- 一行はふたたび日本へと向かったが、既に豊臣秀吉の出したバテレン追放令(1587年)の後で、ただちに帰国することができなかった。
- The party headed to Japan again, but, could not return to Japan because Bateren Tsuihorei (an edict expelling the European missionaries) (1587) had been already issued by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- 天然の巧置人をして&x5ed4々眷みて去る能はざらむ、既に村に入れば岸壁籬落の際芳雪和霧之を尾山に較ぶれば尤も絶勝たり。
- 天然の巧置人をして廔々眷みて去る能はざらむ、既に村に入れば岸壁籬落の際芳雪和霧之を尾山に較ぶれば尤も絶勝たり。
- 「此一書は既に猥行醜態を記したる所多し人心に害あり世教に毒あるものと判定するに憚からざるなり。」(「歌の華」明治34年9月号)
- As this book has many parts where indecent and shameful behaviors are written about, I feel no hesitation to judge it as something harmful to the mind of people and besmirches moral teachings.' (the September 1901 issue of 'Uta no hana' [the flowers of poetry])
- そもそも「卿」言われるような三位への昇叙は応徳3年(1086年)11月20日であり、既に義家は奥州で「義家合戦」を始めている。
- He was promoted to Sanmi (Third Rank) also called 'kyo' (minister) on January 3, 1086, when Yoshiie had already begun 'Yoshiie's war' in the Oshu Province.
- このため一般行政文書の作成・管理を行う既存の表右筆と将軍の側近として将軍の文書の作成・管理を行う奥右筆に分離することとなった。
- Consequently, Yuhitsu was separated into two kinds, Omote-yuhitsu, preparing and managing Monjo related to general administrative matters, and Oku-yuhitsu, preparing and managing Monjo related to the Shogun as his close associates.
- 前二項の登記の申請書に他の登記所において既に前二項の登記をしたことを証する書面を添付したときは、前二項の書面の添付を要しない。
- In cases where an applicant has attached to its written application for registration set forth in the preceding two paragraphs a document evidencing that the registration under the preceding two paragraphs has already been made by another registry office, no document specified in the preceding two paragraphs needs to be attached.
- 能円は文治5年(1189年)に赦免され帰洛するが、範子は既に通親との間に源定通、源通方らを産み、更に懐妊中という状態であった。
- Noen was pardoned and went back to Kyoto in 1189, but Noriko had already given birth to MINAMOTO no Sadamichi and MINAMOTO no Michikata by Michichika, and was carrying another child.
- しかしながら、ただそのまま写すのではなく、その段階で既に道元の思想から若干の変更が加えられていることが研究の結果分かっている。
- However, research has revealed that he did not simply copy these dialogues but made slight modifications based on his own philosophy when copying them.
- 生徒たちが学習しやすいようにとピンアン(平安)の型を新たに創作し、既存の型からは急所攻撃や関節折りなど危険な技が取り除かれた。
- For example, he created the kata called 'binan' (the form of peace) for children and students to ensure easier learning while getting rid of dangerous techniques such as attacks to vulnerable body parts and the breaking of joints due to the existing kata.
- お歯黒(おはぐろ)は明治時代以前の日本や中国南東部・東南アジアの主として既婚女性、まれに男性などの歯を黒く染める化粧法である。
- Ohaguro (tooth blackening) is the cosmetic treatment of dyeing teeth black used chiefly by married women (or occasionally men) in Japan, southeast China or Southeast Asia, before the Meiji period.
- なお、経営政策の面では、理研コンツェルンを除いて既存の財閥同様に同族運営がなされており、その点で「新興財閥」という言い方もある。
- Regarding the management policy, the emerging zaibatsu in the Showa period (except for the RIKEN conglomerate) were run by families or their kinships, like the existing zaibatsu, and in that sense they can be called 'emerging zaibatsu.'
- 頼朝は、既に実質的に東国を支配していたが、この宣旨発給は、頼朝が東国支配権を政府に公認され、その正統性を獲得したことを意味する。
- Yoritomo already effectively controlled the East country, but this imperial order officially recognized and legitimized Yoritomo's right to rule the East country.
- おじいさん、おばあさん、姫、公卿・皇族、職人、商人、天皇、武士と「中世的キャラクター」がこの時代(10世紀)に既に出揃っている。
- All the medieval characters of this period (the 10th century) such as grandfather, grandmother, princess, lords, nobles, craftsmen, merchants, emperors and samurai were already present in this tale.
- また、キャラクターの性格を用いるもの、既に1 - 3コマ目が充分に不条理であることを再認識させるものなど、様々なパターンがある。
- There are various other patterns; some deal with the personalities of characters, whereas others remind readers of the fact that the first three frames are already absurd.
- 弥生時代の出土品に、鞘らしきものの痕跡をとどめる青銅剣があることから、既に何らかの刀剣外装の文化があったと思われるが詳細は不明。
- From the bronze swords with remnants of what appear to be scabbards excavated in the Yayoi section, there seems to have been some kind of sword mounting culture in the Yayoi period, but details are unknown.
- ただし江戸時代には、既に死んでいる人物の遺体(陀落山寺の住職の事例が知られている)を渡海船に乗せて水葬で葬るという形に変化する。
- However, in the Edo period the practice was changed into the form of carrying a dead body into the Tokai-bune to be buried at sea (the case with a chief priest of Darakusan-ji Temple is known).
- これは白河法皇、鳥羽天皇が実見するまでの騒ぎになったが、結局、義親は既に討滅されているのだからと、この者は偽者とされ梟首された。
- This became a big incident which made the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa and the Emperor Toba actually see him, but after all he was killed and his head was exposed to the public as a false person since Yoshichika had already extinguished.
- 既に他大名を圧倒する国力と兵力を有していた秀吉は、どれほど犠牲を払おうとも一切無視して大軍でひた押しにする戦法を採ったのである。
- Hideyoshi, who had an overwhelmingly big power and military force, adopted the tactics to attack with a big army ignoring any big sacrifice.
- 4月22日、既に執権職を退きながらも実権を握っていた北条貞時の屋敷で火災があり、貞時は従兄弟で執権であった北条師時の屋敷に移る。
- On April 22, a fire occurred in the residence of Sadatoki HOJO who held real power, though having already resigned from the shikken post (regent to the shogun), so he moved to the residence of Morotoki HOJO, who was his male cousin and the regent at the time.
- 管理者は、事務管理を始めたことを遅滞なく本人に通知しなければならない。ただし、本人が既にこれを知っているときは、この限りでない。
- A Manager must notify the principal that the Manager has commenced the Management of Business; provided, however, that this shall not apply if the principal already knows of the same.
- 第四項の規定による信託管理人の選任の裁判に対しては、委託者若しくは受託者又は既に存する信託管理人は、即時抗告をすることができる。
- The settlor or the trustee, or the trust caretaker at the time in question, may file an immediate appeal against a judicial decision on the appointment of a trust caretaker under the provisions of paragraph (4).
- 裁判所は、保全異議の申立てについての決定において、既にした第一項の規定による裁判を取り消し、変更し、又は認可しなければならない。
- A court shall, in an order on an objection to a temporary restraining order, revoke, change or approve the judicial decision already made under the provision of paragraph (1).
- 組織再編成発行手続に係る新たに発行される有価証券又は組織再編成交付手続に係る既に発行された有価証券に関して開示が行われている場合
- in the Case Where Disclosures Have Been Made with regard to the Securities newly issued in the case of Procedures Relating to Securities Issuance for Reorganization or existing Securities in the case of Procedures Relating to Securities Delivery for Reorganization.
- なのに、徒(いたずら)に未証已証(みしょう・いしょう、いまだ証していないのに既に証覚を得た)という、独り善がりの大我禅者をいう。
- A Yakozen refers to a self-satisfactory taigazensha (one who practices zen but has an enormous ego), who uselessly proclaims they have earned shokaku (true enlightenment) even though there is no proof, also called 'misho-isho.'
- このことから、すでに梁の時代には、偽経の『盂蘭盆経』が既に成立し、仏寺内では盂蘭盆会が行なわれていたことが確かめられるのである。
- Therefore, it is confirmed that in the era of Ryo, 'Urabon-kyo,' a gikyo, was complete, and that urabone ceremonies were already held in Buddhist temples.
- 足利義昭を奉じて上洛したことは、既に一時的な旧秩序の回復ではなく、武力による新秩序の形成と全国支配の手段にすぎなかったのである。
- Joraku under Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA was not aimed at a tentative recovery of the old order, but was solely by using military power and ruling the whole country.
- 10歳の皇太子は、物部麁鹿火(あらかい)の娘・影媛(かげひめ)との婚約を試みるが、影媛は既に真鳥大臣の子・鮪(しび)と通じていた。
- The ten year old Crown Prince tried to get engaged to Kagehime, the daughter of MONONOBE no Arakahi, but Kagehime already had an affair with Shibi, the son of the minister Matori.
- またはそのために盟約、契約を結んで、政治的共同体を結成した集団及び、これを基盤とした既成の支配体制に対する武力行使を含む抵抗運動。
- 'Ikki' can also refer to a group of people that form a political community by entering into an alliance or a contract to achieve an objective and to a resistance movement (which may employ armed force) formed by a group in opposition to the established government.
- 駅前に関しては戦後の混乱期などから既得権を持つものが恒常的に営業してきたが、再開発に伴う刷新などの契機に排斥され無くなりつつある。
- In front of stations, those with vested rights since the time of disorder after the war continued to do business, but they are disappearing as they are removed during renovation when the buildings are rebuilt.
- だが、平城天皇には既に高岳親王・阿保親王の両親王がいたことから、皇太弟擁立の背景には、亡父・桓武天皇の意向が働いたといわれている。
- However, Emperor Heizei already had Prince Takaoka and Prince Abo, so the means by which Emperor Saga became the second prince was that his deceased father, Emperor Kammu, had intended it.
- 学制や徴兵制は既存の藩校・藩兵に代替して作られた教育・軍事システムの一環であり、その準備は使節団出発前から行われていたものである。
- The new educational system and Conscription Ordinance were made as alternatives to old hanko (domain school) and hanhei (domain samurai) and as some of educational and military systems, and had been in preparation before the delegation's departure.
- そのため実如は、全ての既存勢力が本願寺を警戒する中において唯一本願寺擁護の立場を取っていた政元との協調路線を模索するようになった。
- Therefore, Jitsunyo tried to seek a cooperative policy with Masamoto who was solely taking a supportive position for Hongan-ji Temple, while all the present powers were cautious of Hongan-ji Temple.
- 景綱は、既に町曲輪まで攻め込み、福島城を陥落させることは間近であるが、味方の手負いも多く、一端引き揚げるのが上策であると返答した。
- Kagetsuna told that he had already advanced to the town wall and was about to seize the Fukushima-jo Castle but it was better to withdraw once because he had many casualties.
- 北条本と島津本の差分『吾妻鏡脱漏』のその差分は祈寿祭礼に関する記事が多いと既に述べたが、北条本と吉川本の差分についても同様である。
- As already mentioned, the differences between Hojobon and Shimazubon in 'The Omitted Portion of Azuma Kagami,' mainly deal with accounts of prayers and ceremonies, and can also be applied to the differences between Hojobon and Yoshikawabon.
- 現存流布本で全40巻だが、16世紀の時点で22巻は既に欠落しており、前後の巻より素材を抜き出して補完しているものと考えられている。
- The extant circulating text has 40 volumes in total, but Vol. 22 had already been lost by the sixteenth century, and it is believed that the present one was completed by taking material from the volumes before and after it.
- 開戦とともに日本の既発の外債は暴落しており、初回に計画された1000万ポンドの外債発行もまったく引き受け手が現れない状況であった。
- The price of Japanese bonds issued abroad plummetted, and noone was willing to purchase the 10 million pounds in bonds initially planned.
- だが掛かる費用に対し効果が薄かったため、明治5年(1872年)には募集や新規移民優遇をやめ、既に定着した移民への援助に切り替えた。
- However, as the aid was not effective compared to the costs incurred, the government stopped recruitment and preferential treatment for new immigrants and shifted its support to already settled immigrants.
- しかし平安時代になって、文章博士として代々世襲を続けた菅原氏が直曹である文章院を創建した(既存のものを拡充したとする見方もある)。
- In the Heian period, the Sugawara clan who succeeded to the position of Monjo-hakase (professor at the Daigaku-ryo) for many generations established the Monjoin as the Jikiso (it is also said to have been an expanded old one).
- 寛平3年(891年)に既に皇族復帰、即位していた宇多天皇の同母兄弟の皇族復帰が決定されて、光孝天皇第二皇子として四品親王に叙された。
- He became Shihon Shinno (the fourth-ranked Imperial Prince) as the second prince of Emperor Koko because it was decided that a brother-uterine of Emperor Uda who had already regained his position in the Imperial Family and ascended the throne in 891 regained the position of Imperial Family.
- 江戸時代になると幕府に公認された既存の秩序以外の形で、こうした一揆の盟約による政治的共同体を結成すること自体が禁じられるようになる。
- During the Edo period, people were forbidden to form a political community by concluding an ikki in any form other than that which accorded with the existing order that was officially recognized by the shogunate government.
- 既売却地・質流れ地の無償返付,所領や債権債務についての訴訟(雑訴)の円滑処理などを行うことを通じて、旧体制へ復帰を図る目的があった。
- The aim was to return to the old system by voluntary restoration of sold or foreclosed property and smooth processing of court cases (zasso) regarding property and debts.
- 日本では江戸時代に砂糖の存在が既に知られていたが、サトウキビの栽培地は南西諸島に限られており、作られる砂糖も黒砂糖が一般的であった。
- In Japan sugar had already been known in the Edo period, but sugarcane plantation was restricted to the Nansei Islands and black sugar was generally produced.
- 米国でも日本のように醤油と調味料で調合しタレを作る場合もあるが、ほとんどのレストランや一般家庭では既製品のテリヤキソースを使用する。
- In the United States, although teriyaki sauce is sometimes prepared by mixing soy sauce and other seasonings like in Japan, ready-made sauces are generally used in most restaurants and home cooking.
- 泗川の戦いに先立つ8月18日、既に豊臣秀吉は死去していたが、その死は秘匿されており、その後、10月15日付で日本軍に撤退命令が下る。
- Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI passed away on August 18 before the Battle of Shisen, and his death was kept secret and the Japanese army was ordered to retreat on October 15.
- 前条第一項第一号から第六号までに掲げる文書が提出されたときは、執行裁判所又は執行官は、既にした執行処分をも取り消さなければならない。
- When any of the documents set forth in paragraph (1)(i) to (vi) of the preceding Article has been submitted, the execution court or court execution officer shall revoke even a disposition of execution that has already been made.
- には益田太郎冠者の作詞した『コロッケの唄』が大流行し、大正時代にはカレーライス、豚カツと並び三大洋食として既に人気があったとされる。
- Korokke Song written by the lyricist Taro Kaja MASUDA, was a big hit and korokke gained popularity in the Taisho Period as one of the three top European dishes along with curry and rice, and pork cutlets.
- しかし、そこに京都所司代・村井貞勝とその子らが駆けつけ、本能寺が既におちた旨を伝え、防御能力に優れた二条新御所へ移ることを進言した。
- However, Kyoto Shoshidai Sadakatsu MURAI and his sons came running with the news that Honno-ji had already fallen and they recommended him to move to the well-defended Nijo Shin-gosho.
- おそらく、母の鵜野讃良皇后の身分の高さと、既に彼女の姉の大田皇女が死去している事から、大津皇子を押さえ、皇太子になったものと思われる。
- Since his mother, Empress Uno no Sarara, was a person of position and her older sister had already died, it is considered that he became the crown prince before Prince Otsu.
- こうした表記法は、第二次世界大戦後、一部の出版物で昭和天皇を「今上天皇」と表現せず、既に「昭和天皇」と表記していた事が始まりとされる。
- It is said that such notation came from the fact that Emperor Showa was already expressed as 'Showa Tenno' (the Emperor Showa) instead of 'Kinjo Tenno' (the present Emperor) in some publications after World War II.
- 既存の独占販売権、非課税権、不入権などの特権を持つ商工業者(市座、問屋など)を排除して自由取引市場をつくり、座を解散させるものである。
- Rakuichi-rakuza was the creation of free trade markets and the dissolution of guilds with the exclusion of preexisting merchants and tradesmen (market and trade guild system, wholesalers etc.) with special rights such as exclusive sales rights, non-taxation rights and the right to keep tax agents from entering one's property.
- だが、創成期の武家政権と既存の朝廷勢力の権限を巡る駆け引きと緊張関係は引き続き存在し、その一応の解決をみるのは承久の乱以後の事である。
- However, the politics over rights and the tense relationship between the initial warrior class government and the conventional Imperial Court forces continued, and it was resolved to a certain degree only after the Jyokyu Rebellion.
- 戦後の高度成長期になると、衛生上の理由から既に屋台店は廃止され、廉価な店もあるにはあるものの、寿司屋は高級な料理屋の部類に落ち着いた。
- In the high-growth period after the war, street stalls were already abolished on hygienic grounds, and although there were shops serving sushi at a moderate price, the idea that sushi restaurants were classified as high-class restaurants took root.
- とび職や植木屋などは現在でも既得権として、地元限定で酉の市や朝顔市や羽子板市などまたは、正月のお飾りや七夕の竹、笹などを販売している。
- Scaffolders and gardeners still have vested rights in local Tori no Ichi (open-air markets), Asagao Ichi (Morning-glory fairs), and Hagoita Ichi (battledore fairs), as well as in the selling of decorations for New Year and bamboo for Tanabata festival.
- 平氏政権は仁安 (日本)2年5月10日に後白河院院宣及び六条天皇宣旨によって平重盛(平清盛は既に出家)に諸国の軍事警察権が与えられた。
- On June 6, 1167, TAIRA no Shigemori of the Taira clan government (TAIRA no Kiyomori already became a priest then) was granted Japan's military and police authorities by the retired emperor Goshirakawa and the Emperor Rokujo.
- 法然はこの願を最も重要な願ととらえ、『選択本願念仏集』において、「故知 四十八願之中 既以念仏往生之願 而為本願中之王也」と解釈した。
- Honen regarded this as the most important vow of all and explained it by saying, 'Therefore, I declare that, of the 48 Vows, Nenbutsujo no gan (the vow to pass away peacefully and be reborn in Paradise through invocation of Amitabha) is the king of hongan.'
- 日本には、公式には13世紀(鎌倉時代)に伝えられたとされているが、平安時代には既に伝わっており、檀林寺で禅が講義されたとの記録がある。
- Zen was officially said to be transmitted in the 13th century (in the Kamakura period), but it had been already introduced in the Heian period and there is a record that Zen was lectured at Danrin-ji Temple.
- 大学生は冬休みが終わっていたり、社会人は既に正月三が日に休みをとっていて1月15日の成人式のためだけに帰省するのは困難な状況であった。
- Students whose winter vacation is over and working people who already took New Year's Holidays from January 1 to 3 have difficulties returning home only for the purpose of participating in the Seijin-shiki ceremony held on January 15.
- 朝廷では天武天皇(7世紀後半)には既に年中行事として大射(射礼〈じゃらい〉)が行われるなど、種々の“儀礼の射”(「礼射」)が行われた。
- In the Imperial Court, Emperor Tenmu (at the latter part of the 7th century) held Taisha (Jarai) as an annual event, and various 'ceremonial shooting exhibitions (Reisha)' were performed.
- 『建内記』文安4年(1447年)条によると、常盤井宮滿仁親王の子で、当時既に出家しており、12,3歳になる三男がいたことが分かっている。
- According to the 'Kennaiki' (1447), it is known that he was the son of Imperial Prince Tokiwainomiya Mitsuhito, and he had already become a priest by that time, and his 3rd son was 12 or 13 years old.
- とりわけ武士としては、源頼義の嫡男源義家と名乗り弟もそれぞれ源義綱、源義光等と名乗っているように平安時代には既に武士階級に広まっている。
- In the samurai (warrior) class in particular, Haikomei had already spread in the Heian period, as seen by examples such as the legitimate son of MINAMOTO no Yoriyoshi taking the name MINAMOTO no Yoshiie and his younger brothers taking the names MINAMOTO no Yoshitsuna and MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu.
- 本郷和人は、頼朝は本宣旨によって権限や優越的地位を得たのではなく、既に実力で獲得していたものに宣旨の追認を受けたのではないかとしている。
- Yoritomo did not acquire authority or superior social position by this decree but acquired ratification by the decree for what he had already earned through his ability, according to Kazuto HONGO.
- 天皇は伴善男を信頼していた為、事件を解決した良房に遠慮する形で既に貞観6年(864年)に元服していたにも関わらず、正式に摂政に任命した。
- Because the Emperor trusted TOMO no Yoshio, after Yoshifusa sorted out the incident, the Emperor officially appointed Yoshifusa as a regent to spare his feelings, although Emperor Seiwa celebrated his coming of age in 864.
- しかしこの数値は鉄銭などとの引換に回収され安政年間に幕府庫に集積された数であり、既に述べたように鋳造高はこの程度にとどまるものではない。
- However, the above figure showed an amount of coins collected in exchange for iron coins and accumulated in the bakufu's treasury during the Ansei era, and as already stated in the above, the amount of minted coins went beyond it.
- 日本では古代に既に制度化されており、東海道の鈴鹿関、東山道の不破関、北陸道の愛発関が畿内を防御するために特に重視され、これを三関という。
- Even from its most ancient times Japan already possessed the system of barrier checkpoints; among the barriers of ancient Japan, three, namely the Suzuka-no-seki barrier along the Tokaido Road, the Fuwa-no-seki barrier on the Tosando Road, and the Arachi-no-seki barrier along the Hokurikudo Road, were considered especially significant given their intended roles of guarding the entrances to the Kinai region (the central region around the capital), and were thus termed the sangen (the three major barrier stations).
- 第四項の規定による信託監督人の選任の裁判に対しては、委託者、受託者若しくは受益者又は既に存する信託監督人は、即時抗告をすることができる。
- A settler, trustee, or beneficiary, or the trust supervisor at the time in question may file an immediate appeal against a judicial decision on the appointment of a trust supervisor under the provisions of paragraph (4).
- この場合、自らの解脱の為に菩薩行を行なう菩薩ではなく、悟達し既に仏界へ昇った如来が末法救済のために九界へ降り立った大菩薩であるとされる。
- It is thought that these Bosatsu were not the Bosatsu who were doing Bosatsu-gyo practice for the enlightenment of themselves, but the Nyorai, who had gotten enlightenment and entered the spiritual realm of Buddhahood, came to the Kukai (nine various realms except the Buddhahood) to give relief to the mappo days, called Daibosatsu (great Bosatsu).
- また、お節料理を自宅で作らずに既成の詰め合わせのお節料理を、食料品店、百貨店、インターネット上の店舗その他で買い求める人々も増えている。
- Furthermore, people increasingly purchase ready-made packed osechi dishes at grocery stores and department stores, or from Internet sites, instead of preparing them at home.
- 井上は既存の楽曲を単に再生するだけでなく、バンドマンには当然の発想である歌う人に合わせた音階やテンポという概念をシステムとして実現した。
- Inoue realized not only a system for reproducing existing songs but also a concept of musical scales and tempo adapted to each singer, which was a matter of course for him.
- 南朝に属していた公家は一部は北朝で任官したが、官職は既に北朝の公家で占められており、多くは公家社会への復帰が適わなかったと考えられている。
- Some court nobles belonging to the Southern Court were appointed as government officials in the Northern Court, however most of the positions were filled with members from Northern Court, many of those court nobles from the Southern Court were not able to return to the society of the court nobles.
- Some court nobles who were affiliated with the Southern Court were able to be appointed again, but the majority of positions were already taken by the court nobles of Northern Court and it is thought that many could not return to the court society.
- 伝統的な的屋で地域密着であり地元の人々が行っていて既得権があるので、一般の的屋よりその地域においてはいろいろな条件面で優先される事が多い。
- They are traditional tekiya with strong connections to local areas having some acquired rights and are usually given priority over other tekiya.
- 二つ目は新しい坊(寺)の建設禁止と既存の坊の整理統合を命じたもので、同時に寺号付与の権利を本山である本願寺法主のみが保持することになった。
- The second law prohibited building new temples and ordered reorganization of the existing temples, and at the same time it was decided that the hoshu of the head temple Hongan-ji Temple only had the right to decide temples' names.
- 近世初期には伝統的な歌学が集大成され、多くの歌人が生まれたが、既に「歌道」として完成された芸術になっていたため新しい歌風は生まれなかった。
- In the early modern times, traditional studies of waka were compiled into a book, and many kajin poets appeared, but waka had already been perfected as 'kado,' so a new style did not emerge.
- また、葬式仏教的な現状に飽き足らない人々の中には、既成の宗派の枠やしきたりを超えた活動や、アジア諸国など海外の仏教に目を向ける人々もいる。
- Some people, who are not satisfied with the present situation of Soshiki-Bukkyo, began Buddhist activities breaking down the borders between the conventional sects and the traditions, some of them are even attracted to overseas Buddhism including Buddhism of other Asian countries.
- しかし、当時既に安倍氏と並ぶ陰陽道の元締とされていた賀茂氏宗家であった勘解由小路家(賀茂氏系)勘解由小路家(かでのこうじけ)は断絶していた。
- However, the Kadenokoji family, the soke of the KAMO clan, which rivaled the ABE clan in Onmyodo, had died out.
- なお、荘園公領制が完全に崩壊するのは、南北朝時代よりも2世紀後の太閤検地によってであるが、この南北朝期に既に大きな転機を迎えていたのである。
- Nevertheless, although the shoen koryo sei (system of controlling private and public lands) did not completely collapse until more than 200 years after the reunification of the Southern and Northern Courts, when the Taiko Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI ordered his great country-wide land survey, land ownership had already reached a major turning point during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
- ただ、いずれの説にせよ既に「ちゃんこ」という言葉が使われていた頃から、言葉の意味としては鍋料理ではなく力士の食事全般を指していたようである。
- In either case, the term 'chanko' seemed to have referred to general diets for sumo wrestlers, not hot pot dishes since the word was used.
- なお、摂津市と土佐市はそれぞれ町政施行時の名称が三島町と高岡町であり、既存の市名との重複回避が市制施行時に旧国名を採用した理由となっている。
- Besides, as for Settsu City and Tosa City, their names under the town organization in the past were Mishima Town and Takaoka Town, when they adopted municipal system, they took old provincial names in order to avoid overlapping with the existing municipal names.
- この詩の中で、越(華南)の商人が当時既に宝刀と呼ばれていた日本刀を日本まで買い付けに行くことやその外装や容貌などの美術的観点が歌われている。
- This poem describes a merchant of Yueh (South China) who goes to Japan to buy Japanese swords already being called treasure swords given their artistic qualities found in the fittings and appearance.
- しかし、後院が太上天皇の在所として既に用いられている場合などには、天皇外戚の邸宅などが仮皇居として用いられることがあり、これを里内裏と称した。
- However, when the Goin Palace was occupied by a retired Emperor, the residence of relatives of the Emperor was sometimes used as a temporary imperial palace, and it was called the satodairi.
- 源高明は村上天皇からの信任篤く、また皇后安子の父で右大臣だった藤原師輔の娘を妻として親交があったが、両人とも既に亡く、宮中で孤立しつつあった。
- MINAMOTO no Takaakira was deeply trusted by Emperor Murakami, and he also had close relations with Udaijin FUJIWARA no Morosuke, the father of Empress Anshi whose daughter he married, both Emperor Murakami and FUJIWARA no Morosuke had already passed away and he was becoming isolated in the Imperial Court.
- 官女(三人官女)は宮中に仕える女官をあらわす、内1人のみお歯黒、眉無し(既婚者を意味するが、生涯独身の女官の場合には年長者という意味であろう)
- The kanjo, also known as sannin-kanjo represent court ladies serving in the imperial court, and one of them has blackened teeth called ohaguro and shaved off their eyebrows (in general, a woman with blackened teeth and no eyebrows was married, but in the case of a court lady who remained single all her life, it is assumed that she was senior).
- ジョアン・ロドリゲスの『日本大文典』の記述によると当時の京都では既に混乱があったとされているが、キリシタン資料ではおおむね書き分けられている。
- According to 'Arte da Lingoa de Iapam' by Joao Rodriguez, such confusion could already be seen in Kyoto in those days, but these four characters were almost correctly distinguished in written materials of Christians.
- 日本での起源は平安時代の京都で既に平安貴族の子女の雅びな「遊びごと」として行われていた記録が現存しており、もとは京都のものであったと推測される。
- Hina-matsuri in Japan is assumed to have originated in Kyoto since there is a record to show that the original festival was held as a courtly 'entertainment' by daughters of the nobles during the Heian period.
- 既に実如在世中にも同寺は一度破門を受けているが、その際蓮淳は本福寺の門徒を圧迫して捏造した証拠を真実と認めさせる署名まで行わせたと言われている。
- When this temple was once excommunicated during Jitsunyo's lifetime, Renjun allegedly compelled the followers of Honpuku-ji Temple to sign to approve forged evidence as true.
- …ここに天皇(天武)詔(の)りたまひしく「朕(われ)聞きたまへらく、『諸家のもたる帝紀および本辞、既に正実に違ひ、多く虚偽を加ふ。』といへり。」
- The emperor says `As far as I understand, 'Teiki' and 'Honji' (accounts of the origin) that have been handed down to families are falsified and are not like the original one.'
- この上申書では、従来からの鉄道国有論に加えて既設私設鉄道の買収を前面に押し出しており、そのためには私設鉄道買収法の制定が必要であると説いている。
- In the written opinion, he stressed the importance of acquisition of existing private railways in addition to his theory of nationalization of railways and insisted, for the purpose, that it was necessary to enact the law to acquire private railways.
- 単なる権力争いであった場合や、あるいは改革をなそうとする君主が、既得権を維持せんとする重臣から「悪政」を咎められ押込められる例も少なくなかった。
- Some were just struggles for power, and in some cases, reform-minded lords were confined by their vassals who blamed the lord for his misgovernment to protect their vested interests
- 委任が受任者の責めに帰することができない事由によって履行の中途で終了したときは、受任者は、既にした履行の割合に応じて報酬を請求することができる。
- If the mandate terminates during performance due to reasons not attributable to the mandatary, the mandatary may demand remuneration in proportion to the performance already completed.
- 次に掲げる行為(既存の債務についてされた担保の供与又は債務の消滅に関する行為に限る。)は、破産手続開始後、破産財団のために否認することができる。
- The following acts (limited to acts concerning the provision of security or extinguishment of debt conducted with regard to an existing debt) may be avoided in the interest of the bankruptcy estate after the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings:
- 『日本書紀』天武天皇4年(675年)11月4日の条には既に、高市皇子より以下、小錦より以上の大夫らに衣、袴、褶、腰帯、脚帯、机、杖を賜う」とある。
- The article of November 29, 675 in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) already mentioned that 'Daifu lower than Prince Takechi and higher than Shokin were given Kinu, Hakama (formal divided skirt for men), Hirami, waistband, Ashiobi, Tsukue and Tsue (stick).'
- それに対して新興商人側も「新座」と呼ばれる座を結成して既成の座と同様の特権を求める動きが現れ、更に「孫座」と呼ばれる第三の座すら現れる例もあった。
- In order to cope with these changes, emerging merchants began to establish za called 'shin-za' (literally, 'new za') for the sake of the same privileges as existing za had, and some of them even formed the third form of za called 'mago-za' (literally, 'grandchild's za').
- これは茶の湯が停滞していた状況にあって、進取の気風をもった堺衆が既存の権威を否定することで茶の湯を刷新しようとしていたものと読み取ることができる。
- This can be interpreted as people in Sakai of enterprising spirit were trying to innovate the Way of Tea by denying the established authority in times of its stagnation.
- しかし、弘治3年(1557年)の践祚では天皇や公家達は、権威はともかく金銭的には既に生活に窮するほど落ちぶれており、即位の礼さえ挙げられなかった。
- However, when the accession occurred there was not even an enthronement ceremony; a coronation was held in 1557, as the emperors and court nobles suffered poverty due to financial difficulties.
- 天文学者の斎藤国治は、248年9月5日朝(日本時間。世界時では4日)に北部九州で皆既日食が起こったことを求め、これが卑弥呼の死に関係すると唱えた。
- Kuniji SAITO, an astronomer, claimed that a total eclipse of the sun over the northern part of Kyushu on the morning of September 5, 248 (according to Japan Standard Time; the 4th, according to Universal Time) had something to do with the death of Himiko.
- 「新仏教」という表現には明恵以下の旧仏教側の改革の動きをも含めて解説し、こうした動きに加わらなかった既存寺院を「従来仏教」「古宗」と表記している。
- He described the term 'new Buddhism' with the explanation of the movement of the reform by the priests of the old Buddhism including Myokei, and defined the temples which did not join in such movement as 'conventional Buddhism' or 'old sect.'
- ただし、既成財閥に較べて有力な金融機関や持株会社を持たず、新興コンツェルンに較べて技術力や事業の連関性が劣っていたため、いずれも中小規模に留まった。
- However, because the financial institutes and holding companies of these zaibatsu were relatively less effective than those of the existing zaibatsu, and because the technical strength and the linkages of their businesses were inferior to those of the emerging zaibatsu, these zaibatsu remained small or moderate in size.
- 千葉氏や、権五郎景正の子孫、ないしは一族とされる大庭氏などにおいては、『吾妻鏡』にある「相伝の家人」が、事実と相違することは既に見てきた通りである。
- As described above, the Chiba clan and descendants of Gongoro Kagemasa, and Oba clan considered to be a clan varied from 'transmission of Kenin' mentioned in 'Azuma Kagami.'
- 平安末期には既に古典化しており、『六百番歌合』で藤原俊成をして「源氏見ざる歌詠みは遺恨の事なり」と言わしめた源語は歌人や貴族のたしなみとなっていた。
- It had been already considered a classic in the late Heian period, and in 'Six Hundreds Set of Poetry Match,' 'The Tale of Genji' led FUJIWARA no Toshinari to say, 'I'm very sorry for poets who do not read The Tale of Genji,' so that it was considered an accomplishment necessary for a poet or court noble.
- しかしながら、排出量の上限を最初にどのように公平に割り振るかが問題であり、一律に割り振ると、既に省エネを徹底していた企業が損をするという問題がある。
- However, there is an issue how to assign the upper limits of emissions fairly and impartially, and if assigned uniformly, it can be disadvantageous to enterprises which have already realized the emissions reduction with their efforts.
- 織田軍は既に四面楚歌の状態であるため、石山に監視のための軍を置くと、朝廷に働きかけて本願寺軍に矛を収めるよう詔勅を出すなど、本願寺との戦闘を避けた。
- Because the Oda army was already surrounded by enemies on all sides, it avoided a battle by asking the Imperial Court to issue an imperial rescript to urge Hongan-ji Temple to lay down its arms while a troops for surveillance was kept in Ishiyama.
- 釈迦牟尼仏は今生で初めて悟りを得たのではなく、実は久遠の五百塵点劫の過去世において既に成仏していた存在である、という主張)の宣言が中心テーマとなる。
- It mainly states that Shakamunibutsu was not awakened in this world for the first time but had already become Buddha in an immeasurable past time.
- 料理そのものは次第に日本化していったが、既存の精進料理にはない鮮やかさやにぎわいがあり、現在の普茶料理は、見た目が鮮やかな独特のものに進化している。
- Although it was gradually Japanized, Fucha ryori cuisine was brilliant and lively compared with traditional Shojin ryori and contemporary Fucha ryori cuisine has developed to be unique, and one that has brilliant appearance.
- 代表的な例として東宮居貞親王の尚侍・藤原綏子と密通した源頼定は居貞親王(三条天皇)即位後に既に公卿であるにも関わらず昇殿が許されなかった(『大鏡』)。
- To give a representative example, MINAMOTO no Yorisada, who had committed adultery with FUJIWARA no Suishi, a shoji (principal handmaid) of Crown Prince Okisada, was not allowed to enter the Imperial Court in spite of the fact that he was already a kugyo by the time Imperial Prince Okisada was enthroned (Emperor Sanjo) ('Okagami' [the Great Mirror]).
- こうして兵力と補給に余裕が出てきたことにより朝鮮南部の支配を既定事実とするため、朝鮮南部へ布陣した諸将を動員して第二次晋州城攻防戦で晋州城を攻略した。
- Thus, as they could gain some leeway both in troop strength and supplies, in order to control southern Korea an established fact, commanders camped in southern Korea were called up to attack Jinju Castle (the second Siege of Jinju).
- 次に掲げる行為(既存の債務についてされた担保の供与又は債務の消滅に関する行為に限る。)は、再生手続開始後、再生債務者財産のために否認することができる。
- The following acts (limited to acts concerning the provision of security or extinguishment of debt conducted with regard to an existing debt) may be avoided in the interest of the rehabilitation debtor's assets after the commencement of rehabilitation proceedings:
- 仮差押命令においては、仮差押えの執行の停止を得るため、又は既にした仮差押えの執行の取消しを得るために債務者が供託すべき金銭の額を定めなければならない。
- An order of provisional seizure shall specify the amount of money to be deposited by the obligor in order to cause the execution of a provisional seizure to be stayed or cause the execution of a provisional seizure already carried out to be revoked.
- だが現実問題として、長年培ってきた経済力、場合によっては軍事力を有する延暦寺以下の既存寺院に対抗して京都の中で独自の教団を打ち立てる事は困難であった。
- However, in reality it was difficult to establish an independent religious organization in Kyoto as opposed to established temples such as Enryaku-ji Temple, which acquired economic power over the years and in some cases had military forces.
- 奈良時代初期には既に漆掻き(漆の採取)が行われていたとされ、明治時代には福知山とその周辺の地域において漆掻きをする人が500人近くも居たといわれている。
- It is believed that Urushikaki (collection of lacquer by tapping lacquer trees) was already implemented in the beginning of the Nara period, and in the Meiji period, as many as 500 people were engaged in Urushikaki in Fukuchiyama and the surrounding area.
- これは、アメリカの要求を飲んだかのように見せかけたもので、実際はもう既に足枷でしかなかった松岡洋右を更迭しただけで、殆ど変わっていないのが実情であった。
- This cabinet was formed to give the impression of complying with American demands but in fact, apart from the dismissal of Yosuke MATSUOKA, who had become a thorn in the side of the administration, the cabinet remained the same.
- そのため既存の勢力(武田氏・上杉氏等)のように、その軍団を構成する多数の国人・地侍の意向に配慮する必要もなく、独裁的に政治・軍事を展開することができた。
- Therefore, unlike existing powers (Takeda clan, Uesugi clan etc.), they were able to take political or military actions autocratically with no need to consider the wishes of the many local or provincial samurai who formed the army.
- 「宣祖実録(せんそじつろく、ソンジョシルロク)宣祖二十五年壬辰五月條」によると、このとき朝鮮の民衆は既に王や大臣を見限り、日本軍に協力する者が続出した。
- According to 'the record for May of the 25th year of Sonjo in 'Senso Jitsuroku' (literally, factual stories in the era of Sonjo),' The Korean people had already given up on Sonjo and many persons who cooperated with the Japanese army appeared one after another.
- 堆積場からの鉱石くずの流出は、既に1902年の第二次鉱毒調査委員会で指摘されている(しかし、第二次鉱毒調査委員会は特にそれを問題視することはなかった)。
- The outflow of the mineral waste from the deposit sites had been already pointed out by the second Research Commission of the Mining Pollution of 1902 (although the committee failed to recognize the significance of it)
- 何人も、実行の時に適法であつた行為又は既に無罪とされた行為については、刑事上の責任を問はれない。又、同一の犯罪について、重ねて刑事上の責任を問はれない。
- No person shall be held criminally liable for an act which was lawful at the time it was committed, or of which he has been acquitted, nor shall he be placed in double jeopardy.
- 叡尊は荒廃した既存仏教に対する批判から律宗の覚盛とともにこれまで国家が定めた手続きによる方法しか認められていなかった授戒を自らの手で行った(自誓授戒)。
- Eison implemented Jukai (handing down the precepts), a procedure which was limited to what had been defined by the state, by himself with Kakujo in the Risshu sect because he criticized the degraded existing Buddhism (vow by oneself and Jukai).
- 実際に香りにこだわる場合は、削った物よりも節を購入するのだが、近年では既に削られた密封パック製品が増え、そもそも固形状態の鰹節を見たことが無い者も多い。
- When one is really particular about the savory quality of katsuobushi, he or she will purchase a large chunk of katsuobushi instead of shaved pieces, but nowadays the katsuobushi shaved beforehand and wrapped in a small, airtight bag is so popular that many people have never seen the solid katsuobushi.
- 神功皇后や飯豊皇女を含め彼女らはすべて男系皇族である女性(男系女性天皇)であり、かつ既婚の場合は、即位に先立ち天皇の妻(皇后)で夫は故人だったものである。
- All the female Emperors including Empress Jingu and Iitoyo no himemiko (Princess Iitoyo) were female Imperial members of the male line in the Imperial Family (Female Emperors of the male line), when they were married, they were Emperor's Empresses before succession to the throne and the husbands (Emperors) previously passed away.
- 寛平3年(891年)に中納言に進むが、同年に既に皇族復帰、即位していた宇多天皇の同母兄弟の皇族復帰が決定されて、光孝天皇第一皇子として三品親王に叙された。
- He rose to Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) in 891; however, he became Sanbon Shinno (the third-ranked Imperial Prince) as the first prince of Emperor Koko because it was decided that a brother-uterine of Emperor Uda who had already regained his position in the Imperial Family and ascended the throne in the same year.
- そうすると細川高国が対抗して鸞岡端佐(らんこうずいさ)を正使、宋素卿(朱縞)を副使として、既に無効となった弘治勘合符を持たせて南海経由で遣明船を派遣した。
- In opposition to this, Takakuni HOSOKAWA dispatched a kenminsen with an expired Emperor Hongzhi kangofu via the South China Sea on which Zuisa RANKO served as seishi and Sokei (Shuko) SO as fukushi (vice-envoy).
- なお、奈良時代の歌人である山上憶良が、『貧窮問答歌』において「糟湯酒」と書き記した歌を残しており、その頃から既に酒粕による甘酒の原型もあったことが窺える。
- As Okura YAMANOUE, a poet in the Nara period left a poem including the term 'kasuyuzake' (literally sakekasu soup sake) in his anthology 'Hinkyu-mondoka', it can be considered that amazake was already made from sakekasu at that time.
- もっともこの時には既に大日本帝国憲法が制定されており、見かけだけの「欧化」に依存しなくても日本の国際社会における地位は少しずつ上昇に向かっていたのである。
- Having said that, however, the Constitution of the Empire of Japan had already been established then and Japan's international status was gradually getting high without depending on a shell of 'Europeanization.'
- 既に触れたように彼らは一般に膾炙したように忍者のような華々しい間諜行動はとらなかったようであるが、それでもしばしば命ぜられる遠国御用は重要な任務であった。
- As previously mentioned, their performance as secret agents was not dramatic like the ninja as people generally imagine today, however the frequent onkokugoyo was one of their important duties.
- 内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引所がその免許を受けた当時既に第八十二条第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その免許を取り消すことができる。
- When a Financial Instruments Exchange is found to have already fallen under any of the categories specified in the items of Article 82(2) at the time of receipt of the license, the Prime Minister may rescind its license.
- 現在日本に残る最も古い民家と考えられるのは、いずれも兵庫県に所在する箱木家と古井家で、既に江戸時代から「千年家」(せんねんや、千年前の家)と呼ばれていた。
- The oldest minka in Japan are the houses of the HAKOGI family and the FURUI family, both in Hyogo Prefecture, and they were already being called 'Sennenya' (a thousand year old house) in the Edo Period.
- これは、今川氏は既に室町幕府の権威によって領国を統治する守護大名ではなく、自らの実力によって領国を統治する戦国大名であることを明確に宣言したものでもあった。
- This was also clear declaration by the Imagawa clan that he was no longer the shugo daimyo who ruled his territory backed by the authority of the Muromachi bakufu, but the Sengoku daimyo who ruled his own territory with his own capability.
- だが、『続日本紀』769年の記事で大宰府の役人が都に「大宰府言。此府人物殷繁。天下之一都會也。」と報告しているように北部九州では既に通貨経済が活発であった。
- As the article in 769 of 'Shoku Nihongi'(Chronicle of Japan Continued) states that an official of Dazai-fu reported 'this city is lively with people and blooming as a trading center. It is the most prosperous place in Japan' to the capital, in the northern Kyushu, the economy using currency was already active.
- だが、慢性的な財政難に苦しむ借手側の藩も勿論のこと、既に多額の貸付を抱えてしまった貸手側の商人も全ての大名貸から手を引けるような状況ではなくなりつつあった。
- However, it was very difficult for merchants to walk away from daimyogashi because they already arranged large amount of loans, and it was also hard for domains who were suffering from chronic financial difficulty.
- 既に頼朝は各地の武士に対する恩賞を与えるなど果断な処置を講じており、入京以後の義経に協力してきた京武者たちも、恩賞を与える事が出来ない義経には与しなかった。
- By then, Yoritomo had already taken drastic measures with the warriors in various places, such as rewarding them with bonuses in appreciation for their deed, and the warriors in Kyoto, who had been cooperating with Yoshitsune until then since his first entrance in Kyoto, did not collaborate with him this time as Yoshitsune was not able to reward them.
- 1923年(大正12年)に発せられた関東大震災直後ノ詔書(大正12年9月12日)では、東京がすでに首都であることを既定のこととして記載された文言が出てくる。
- In the imperial edict (September 12th, 1923) issued just after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, the following statement expressed Tokyo as the capital, and that it should be transformed and developed further.
- 前項に規定する場合において、清算中の法人が既に債権者に支払い、又は権利の帰属すべき者に引き渡したものがあるときは、破産管財人は、これを取り戻すことができる。
- In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, if the juridical person under the liquidation procedure has already paid any money to the obligees, or has delivered any asset to the person with vested rights, the trustee in bankruptcy may retrieve such money or asset.
- 対象土地の筆界について、既に筆界特定登記官による筆界特定がされているとき。ただし、対象土地について更に筆界特定をする特段の必要があると認められる場合を除く。
- where a parcel boundary demarcation for the parcel boundary between the subject parcels has already been made by a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation; provided, however, that this shall not apply where it is found to be particularly necessary to make another parcel boundary demarcation for the subject parcels;
- なお、智顗は、涅槃経に対しては、法華経とほぼ同内容で、その真理は既に法華経で明かしており、法華の救いに漏れた者達のために説かれた教えにすぎないと位置づける。
- In this connection, Chigi asserted that the content of Nehan-gyo Sutra was almost the same as that of Hoke-kyo Sutra, and its truth had already been clarified in Hoke-kyo Sutra and therefore, it was preached only for the purpose of rescuing people who had been left out from Hoke's rescue.
- 浄土真宗側ではこの裁定を下した江戸幕府が滅亡した事、そして何よりも既に約束の「3万日」が到来している事を理由に改めて「浄土真宗」の呼称を認めるように迫った。
- The Jodo Shinshu sect pressured the Meiji government to approve their use of the name 'Jodo Shinshu,' since the Edo bakufu which had prohibited them from using the name had fallen and the promised '30,000 days' had passed.
- 元弘の変で後醍醐天皇が流されて持明院統の光厳天皇が在位していた時期には、3人とも新天皇に仕えている(ただし、既に出家していた親房の場合は嫡男の北畠顕家が出仕。
- The three served Emperor Kogon during the reign of Emperor Kogon of the Jimyo-in Imperial line after Emperor Godaigo was transported during the Genko Disturbance; in Chikafusa's case, his son, Akiie KITABATAKE served instead of him since he already had become a priest by then.
- 幕末のベストセラー、『北斎漫画』は特に有名で、この中には鼻息を表す線が描かれるなど、「漫符」の古い形が既に見られるほか、公家や武士を諷刺する絵が含まれている。
- A best-selling book at the end of Edo period 'Hokusai Manga' was particularly famous and it contained the old form of 'manpu' such as a line depicting nasal breathing and caricatures of court nobles and samurai.
- 当時、“薩摩藩の後ろ盾”となっていたイギリスは日本との貿易に支障が出ることを恐れて“江戸総攻撃に反対”していたため、「江戸無血開城」は新政府の既定方針だった。
- At that time, England was 'against the all-out assault of Edo' because they were 'a supporter of the domain of Satsuma' and was afraid of trading trouble with Japan, thus, the 'bloodless surrender of Edo Castle' became the fixed plan of the new government.
- これによれば、1740年に既に渡良瀬川沿岸で鉱毒による免租願いが出されていることが当時の文献から確認でき、鉱毒は古河の経営になる前から存在したと主張している。
- According to the book, as early as in 1740 the peasants in the areas along Watarase-gawa River made petitions for tax exemption due to mining pollution, and based on the record, Furukawa explain that such pollution issues had existed before the company began to manage the mines.
- 内閣総理大臣は、認可協会がその設立の認可を受けた当時既に第六十七条の四第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その認可を取り消すことができる。
- When an Authorized Association is found to have already fallen under any of the categories specified in any of the items of Article 67-4(2) at the time of receipt of the authorization of establishment, the Prime Minister may rescind its authorization.
- 料理そのものは次第に日本化していったが、既存の精進料理には無い鮮やかさや賑わいがあり、現在も作られている普茶料理は、見た目が鮮やかな独特のものに進化している。
- Dishes themselves have gradually been incorporated into Japan, and fucha ryori today has been developed into distinctive dishes having vivid colors, which conventional vegetarian cuisine does not have.
- ここにおいて、「オチ」という語は、本来の「結末」の意味は既に失われ、単に笑わせどころ(作者が読者を笑わせるための仕掛けを施した箇所)の意としてのみ使われている。
- In these cases, the word 'ochi' loses its original meaning of 'ending' and is used just as a kind of device to cause a laugh (where artists placed a device to make readers laugh).
- その後、「炉ばた」の一番弟子が大阪府で、二番弟子が北海道釧路市栄町で、ほか3名の弟子が東北地方の青森県や福島県などで炉端焼きの店を出した(大阪の店は既に閉店)。
- Later, the best apprentice at 'Robata' opened a restaurant in Osaka Prefecture, and the second best apprentice at Sakaemachi, Kushiro City, Hokkaido, and three other apprentices opened robatayaki restaurants in Aomori Prefecture, Fukushima Prefecture, etc. in Tohoku region (The restaurant in Osaka is already closed.)
- ホテルや旅館等で提供される典型的な和朝食には、片口(かたくち)と呼ばれる小鉢に、割っていない卵が入れられ、もしくは、既に卵が割り入れられて、供されることがある。
- A typical Japanese breakfast plate served in a hotel or a Japanese-style hotel often include an uncracked or already-cracked egg in a small bowl called 'katakuchi.'
- 已然形は既に起こっていることを述べる場合(確定条件)に用いられたがこの用法は徐々に衰え、いまだ起きていないことについて述べる仮定条件として使われるようになった。
- The classical imperfective form, previously used to describe what has already occurred (Fixed Condition), started to be used to describe what has not occurred yet (Hypothetical Condition), and Fixed Condition was gradually diminishing.
- この里の比治山頂の麻奈井の湖(今は既に沼となったと書かれる)で、天女八人が水浴びしていたとき、和奈佐という老夫婦は一つの羽衣を隠し、帰れなかった天女を子にした。
- In Manai Lake (eventually it became a swamp, they say) in the village, eight tennyo (heavenly maidens) were bathing, but an elderly couple by the name of Wanasa hid a robe of feathers and adopted one tennyo, who had lost her robe.
- 既に江戸時代中期頃から各藩ともに深刻な財政難を抱えており、大坂などの有力商人からいわゆる「大名貸」を受けたり領民から御用金を徴収するなどして辛うじて凌いでいた。
- Every domain had faced serious financial difficulties since the middle of Edo period, and barely survived by borrowing money from leading merchants in Osaka etc, so-called 'daimyo-gashi' (lending money to daimyo), or collecting goyokin (money temporarily charged on farmers and merchants) from the people of the domain.
- こうした浄土教の普及に力があったのは、むしろ既成の教団や寺院から離れ、山林に入り、あるいは遍歴して独自の活動を展開した聖、あるいは上人とよばれた求道者であった。
- In fact, the seekers, so-called hijiri or shonin who had left their religious community or temples, and went into the mountain forest or wandered from place to place resumed their own activities; they spread the Jodo sect the most.
- それらから大韓民国や朝鮮民主主義人民共和国には、そもそも本協約が結ばれた1905年の段階で既に無効であった、すなわち当初から効力が発生していないとする説がある。
- Because of these arguments, there exists a claim in the Republic of Korea and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea that the treaty was already invalid in the first place at the stage of 1905, when it was concluded, i.e. it did not come into force from the beginning.
- 強制執行、仮差押え又は仮処分(以下「強制執行等」という。)の手続で、債務者の財産(日本国内にあるものに限る。以下この項において同じ。)に対して既にされているもの
- a procedure for compulsory execution, provisional seizure or provisional disposition (hereinafter referred to as 'compulsory execution, etc.') which has already been initiated against the debtor's property (limited to property which exists in Japan; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph);
- 前夜式を設定したことは既出だが、焼香に代わる献花、「香典」「仏前」に代わる弔慰金の名目「御花料」などは皆その為に案出され、後に信仰的意義付けを為したものである。
- While a Funeral Wake was set up as above, Kenka filled in for Shoko, 'Ohanaryo' (monetary offering to the departed soul) as Choikin (condolence money) for 'Koden' (condolence gift), 'Butsuzen' (condolence gift) and so on were all worked out on the same purpose and were religiously authorized later.
- 本来は黒漆塗りのシンプルなものであり、その非装飾的な造形からは見所により「名物」として優劣をつけられていた茶入を尊んだ既存の茶の湯への抵抗を読み取ることが出来る。
- Originally, natsume was finished in plain black lacquer and, from its non-decorative design, we can see the backlash against the existing Chanoyu (the tea ceremony), that valued 'excellent' chaire based on the judgment from a point of view.
- 基俊に師事した藤原俊成は、歌合の判詞の中で、幽玄を「姿既に幽玄の境に入る」「幽玄にこそ聞え侍れ」「幽玄の体なり」「心幽玄」「風体は幽玄」と批評用語として多用した。
- FUJIWARA no Toshinari who studied under Mototoshi often used Yugen as a criticism word like 'It reached Yugen already.' 'It sounds just like Yugen.' 'It is the Yugen style.' 'A Yugen mind.' 'It looks like Yugen.' in his judgment words of Utaawase.
- もし既存の権力を倒して史書に記すような政治の大改革を行ったのであれば、倒された権力は、それ以前長期に亘り権力を掌握し、政治体制を維持してきた者でなければならない。
- If the previous government had been overthrown and a major reform which can be recorded in history books had been accomplished, the overthrown government must have had political power and must have maintained a political system over a long period of time before that.
- 朝鮮側の強い反対があったものの、日本の公使花房義質が日朝間を頻繁に往来して、ついには1880年12月漢城に公使館を設置し長期滞在して既成事実化することで決着した。
- Despite of strong protest by Korean side, Yoshitomo HANABUSA, a ministry of Japan frequently visited Korea, finally placed a legation in Hanseong in December 1880 and stayed there for long period, so that he became a virtual ministry in Korea.
- なお、『日本書紀』では既存の書物から記事を引用する場合「一書曰」、「一書云」、「一本云」、「別本云」、「旧本云」、「或本云」などと書名を明らかにしないことが多い。
- In addition, although some articles of 'Nihonshoki' were cited from other books, their titles were not usually clear and only phrases such as 'a book says,' 'another book says' or 'an old book says' were written.
- 当時、鉄道敷設法によって鉄道建設は鉄道公債の発行によって全て賄うこととされており、この提案は新規どころか既存の鉄道工事も全て停止すると言っているのにも等しかった。
- Since railway construction was specified to be covered by issuance of the railway bonds in the Railway Construction Act at that time, this proposal virtually meant that not only new but also existing railway works should be all suspended.
- 「大宰」の文字の初見が609年(推古天皇17年)であるが、既に見たように福岡県博多に官家を造るなどの記事から大宰府の起源はもっと遡るのではないかと考えられている。
- First appearance of the letters 'Omikotomochi' is in the section of year 609, but as described above, the origin of Dazai-fu is considered to be older based on articles on building miyake in Hakata, Fukuoka prefecture.
- 条件が法律行為の時に既に成就していた場合において、その条件が停止条件であるときはその法律行為は無条件とし、その条件が解除条件であるときはその法律行為は無効とする。
- In cases a certain condition is already fulfilled at the time of the performance of the applicable juristic act, if such condition is a condition precedent, such juristic act shall be unconditional, and if such condition is a condition subsequent, such juristic act shall be void.
- 第二十九条の四第一項第二号イからトまでのいずれかに該当することとなつたとき、又は登録の当時既に第六十四条の二第一項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したとき。
- when the person has come to fall under any of Article 29-4(1)(ii)(a) to (g), or is found to have already fallen under any of the items of Article 64-2(1) at the time of registration;
- ファイルが日本語語彙の大部分をカバーしたことで入力数の伸びは緩やかになり、近年の編集作業の多くは、修正、及び既に入力された項目を発展させることに移行しています。
- The increase in entry numbers has slowed as the file has achieved coverage of a large proportion of the Japanese lexicon. Much of the editorial work in recent years has concentrated on amendments and expansion to existing entries.
- 親鸞の念仏集団の隆盛が、既成の仏教教団や浄土宗他派からの攻撃を受けるなどする中で、宗派としての教義の相違が明確となって、親鸞の没後に宗旨として確立される事になる。
- While Shinran's nenbutsu group was censured by the Buddhist establishment and the other sects of Jodo Shu, a distinctive character of his discipline became clear, so his followers established a new sect, Jodo Shinshu, after his death.
- また、既存の公験が存在する事物の変動に際しては、その公験を解状に添える義務があり、紛失時には速やかに公験発給官司への届出を行い公験紛失状の発給を受けるものとされた。
- If the object of change had already been provided with kugen, it was compulsory to attach the kugen to gejo, and in the case of loss, a prompt notification to governmental official in charge of issuance of kugen was required to be supplied a certificate confirming the loss.
- このように江戸時代に既に存在した義経が大陸渡航し女真(満州)になったという風説から、明治時代になると義経がチンギス・ハーンになったという説が唱えられるようになった。
- There was also another rumor which had already existed during the Edo period that Yoshitsune went to the continent and became a Jurchen (in Manchuria), and based on this rumor, a legend that Yoshitsune had become Genghis Khan, that was born in the Meiji period.
- 応仁年間に既に狂雲集は存在していたが、没後160年の1642年(寛永19年)、『群書類従』の発行でふたたび脚光を浴び、一休頓智ばなしなどで一休説話が後世に広まった。
- Kyoun-shu had already existed during the Onin era (1467 - 1468), but it was put on the stage again in 1642, 160 years after his death, when 'Gunsho ruiju' (Collection of historical documents compiled by Hokiichi HANAWA) was published, then Ikkyu's preaching spread due to Ikkyu's witty stories.
- これまでの経緯からすれば、この新券は既に久安2年の時点で無効になったと考えられるが、親盛の娘は平重盛の側室であり、平氏側の支援を期待して提示したとも考えられている。
- In view of the past history, it is considered that the deed was already invalidated in 1146, but it is also considered that since Chikamori's daughter was a concubine of TAIRA no Shigemori, the deed was presented in an expectation of support from the Taira family.
- が、元和 (日本)2年10月13日 (旧暦)(1616年)付で出された煙草に関する禁令には既に煙草栽培を行った農民及び同地の代官に過料を課していた(『東武実録』)。
- The ban on tobacco issued on November 21, 1616 had already stated that any farmer growing tobacco and a daikan (a local governor) with administration of the territory in which the farmer resided shall be imposed Karyo ('Tobu Jitsuroku').
- この延喜期の既得権剥奪によって経済基盤を失おうとしている瀬戸内沿岸の衛府舎人らは、自らの権益を主張し続けていたが、承平期に至ってついに海賊行為を展開することとなった。
- Facing the loss of their economic basis due to the deprivation of the vested rights in the Engi era, the Efutoneri along the Seto Inland Sea continued claiming their rights, and entering the Johei era, took the action of piracy.
- 内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引所持株会社がその認可を受けた当時既に第百六条の十二第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その認可を取り消すことができる。
- When a Financial Instruments Exchange Holding Company is found to have already fallen under any of the categories specified in each item of Article 106-12(2) at the time of receipt of the authorization, the Prime Minister may rescind its authorization.
- 指定適格消費者団体について、第十三条第一項の認定が、第二十二条各号に掲げる事由により失効し、若しくは既に失効し、又は前条第一項各号に掲げる事由により取り消されるとき。
- When the certification in para. (1) of Article 13 is terminated for the reasons provided for in each item of Article 22, or has already been terminated, or is rescinded for reasons provided for in each item of para. (1) of Article 34 with respect to the designated qualified consumer organization
- なお、論争の過程で、三像の成立は早くとも藤原隆信の死(1205年)以降であることが明らかとなっており、隆信を三像作者とする説は、通説・新説いずれからも既に否定された。
- In the process of controversy, it was confirmed that the portraits were drawn at least after the death of FUJIWARA no Takanobu in 1205, and a theory which defines Takanobu as the producer of these three portraits had already been denied both in the popular theory and the new theory.
- しかし、このような新政策は、当然、既得権を侵害される貴族・大寺社の抵抗や全国統一政権としての性格を強めつつあった幕府の規制を受けて充分な成果を挙げることはできなかった。
- However, such new measures naturally did not attain sufficient results because of resistance from aristocrats, large temples and shrines that had their privileges infringed upon and the restrictions imposed by the bakufu, which was strengthening its character as a united national government.
- これは明治初期に考案されたといわれるが、月寒あんぱん同様、名称以外に詳細な情報が存在しなかったため、既存の製菓技術を用いてオーブンで仕上げた焼き菓子になったと見られる。
- Originated during the early Meiji Period, Kawaguchi anpan was a confectionary baked in an oven; it was made employing traditional baking techniques due to the lack of information about the original anpan, similar to Tsukisamu anpan.
- 最澄や空海の保護者として知られる一方で、既存の仏教が政権に関与して大きな権力を持ちすぎた事から、所謂「南都六宗」と呼ばれた諸派に対しては封戸の没収など圧迫を加えている。
- While the Emperor is known as a guardian of Saicho and Kukai, the existing Buddhism had too much relation to (and power in) politics; Nanto Rokushu (Rikushu) (The Six Sects of the Southern Capital) were forced to lose their official rank or their rewards.
- 不孝と認定された子は家から放逐され、嫡子としての家督継承権や財産の相続権なども全て剥奪され、既に分与・継承された財産は没収されて父母(祖父母)のもとに戻された(悔返)。
- A child certified as 'fukyo' was driven away from home, deprived of everything including the rights to inherit the family and properties, and so on for which he was eligible as a legitimate child, and the property already given to them was returned to their parents or grandparents (kuikaeshi).
- 純友が武芸と説得によって鎮圧した海賊は朝廷の機構改革で人員削減された瀬戸内海一帯の富豪層出身の舎人たちが、税収の既得権を主張して運京租税の奪取を図っていたものであった。
- The pirates that Sumitomo restrained through persuasion and martial arts were toneri (servants) of the Fugo-so (the upper class) from around the Seto Inland Sea, who had been laid off due to institutional reform by the Imperial Court with the aim of claiming vested interest in tax revenue that was sent to the capital.
- 当時においては既に実効性を喪失していると判断した政府は、内閣及び総理府関係法令の整理に関する法律(昭和29年法律第203号)の本則第4号により本法を廃止することとした。
- Considering that Haitorei had already lost its effectiveness at that time, the government decided to abolish this act by the article No.4 of the law on organizing regulations relevant to the Cabinet and the Prime Minister's Office (the 203rd law in 1954).
- ヨーロッパでは活版印刷が行われるようになった近世には既に、フランソワ・ラブレーやミゲル・デ・セルバンテスなどの人気作家に肖って、彼らの作品に便乗した偽物が出されていた。
- In early-modern times in Europe, when typographical printing was in practical use, forged writings of books by popular authors such as Francois Rabelais and Miguel de Cervantes were already being published.
- この章において「組織再編成交付手続」とは、組織再編成により既に発行された有価証券が交付される場合における当該組織再編成に係る書面等の備置きその他政令で定める行為をいう。
- The term 'Procedures Relating to Securities Delivery for Reorganization' as used in this Chapter means keeping of documents, etc. required relating to a Reorganization for which delivery of existing Securities is made, or other acts specified by a Cabinet Order.
- 対象土地の筆界について、既に民事訴訟の手続により筆界の確定を求める訴えに係る判決(訴えを不適法として却下したものを除く。第百四十八条において同じ。)が確定しているとき。
- where a judgment on an action to seek a determination of the parcel boundary between the subject parcels in civil proceedings (excluding a judgment to dismiss such action as unlawful; the same shall apply in Article 148) has already become final and binding;
- 『本朝文粋』には月林寺が既に荒廃してしまい、代わりの会場探しに手間取る参加者のために左大臣藤原道長が父の藤原兼家が建てた法興院を会場として提供したことが記録されている。
- In 'Honcho monzui,' it is recorded that since Getsurin-ji Temple had already been abolished, Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) FUJIWARA no Michinaga offered Hoko-in Temple, a temple established by his father, FUJIWARA no Kaneie, as a site for Kangakue, for participants that were having trouble finding a site to hold Kangakue.
- 一般的な既存の甲類・乙類焼酎または混和焼酎に、独自原料の果汁・エキス類を混和した、リキュールの一種とも言うべきもの(柑橘類焼酎、シソ焼酎、コンブ焼酎、トマト焼酎など)。
- Kinds of liqueur such as citrus fruits shochu, shiso (Japanese basil) shochu, sea tangle shochu, tomato shochu etc., in which fruit juice and extracts of unique ingredients are mixed with generally existing group Ko, Otsu or mixed shochu.
- 鎌倉時代後期から、名門武家・公家を始めとする旧来の支配勢力は、生産力向上に伴い力をつけてきた国人・商人・農民などによって、その既得権益を侵食され没落の一途をたどっていた。
- Since the late Kamakura period, old-established ruling powers including celebrated samurai families and court nobles suffered gradual deprivation of their vested interest by kokujin, merchants, and farmers, who had been gaining power along with the enhancement of productivity, and were in a consistent process of downfall.
- 文献以前の日本語には[p]音が存在していたと考えられているが、これが上代日本語末期までには既に摩擦音[ɸ]となり、さらに近代日本語において[h]音へと変化して現在に至る。
- It is considered that a sound [p] existed in the Japanese language in the pre-literature period, but it turned into a fricative consonant [ɸ] as early as the end of Old Japanese and further changed into a sound [h] in Early Modern Japanese.
- しかし、家臣団は既に弥三郎派と義就派に分裂しており、ついには義就派の遊佐氏が弥三郎派の神保氏の屋敷を襲撃する事件が1454年に勃発し、血で血を洗う内紛が始まることになる。
- However, his vassals had split into pro-Yoshinari and pro-Yasaburo factions and, in 1454, the pro-Yoshinari YUSA Clan attacked the home of the pro-Yasaburo JINBO Clan, triggering the beginning of a bloody internal conflict..
- なお、戦力に自信のあった日本軍は上陸後も戦国の常識に従って何度も李氏朝鮮を交渉により服属させようと試みており、朝鮮の武力制圧が既定路線であるかのような認識は間違いである。
- The Japanese army, confident of their war potential, tried, even after their landing, to subjugate Yi Dynasty Korea by negotiation in accordance with common sense in the Warring States period and, therefore, it is wrong to conclude that subjugation of Korea by military power was the predetermined policy.
- 体調不良と原との確執により既に政権続行への意欲を失っていた西園寺と、桂との会見で山縣の真意が倒閣にあると曲解した原は、内閣総辞職を決断、「山縣の手による倒閣」が成功する。
- The then Prime Minister Saionji, who had already lost his zeal to keep his administration, suffering from not only his poor physical condition but also from the conflict with Hara, and Hara, who misunderstood that Yamagata's real intention was to topple the Saionji Cabinet in the meeting held with Katsura, decided the Cabinet resignation en masse, and in this way, the 'Cabinet turnover by Yamagata's maneuver' was achieved.
- 第九十三条第四項の規定により強制管理の開始決定の効力が給付義務者に対して生じたときは、給付請求権に対する仮差押命令であつて既に効力が生じていたものは、その効力を停止する。
- When a commencement order for compulsory administration has become effective against a person obligated to deliver pursuant to the provisions of Article 93(4), the effects of any order of provisional seizure against the delivery claim, which was already effective, shall be suspended.
- 前二条の規定は、数量を指示して売買をした物に不足がある場合又は物の一部が契約の時に既に滅失していた場合において、買主がその不足又は滅失を知らなかったときについて準用する。
- The provisions of the preceding two Articles shall apply mutatis mutandis in cases where there is any shortage in the object of a sale made for a designated quantity, or in cases where part of the object was already lost at the time of the contract, if the buyer did not know of the shortage or loss.
- 債権者が前項の規定による書面の提出をしない場合において、債務者が同項の裁判の正本を提出したときは、保全執行裁判所又は執行官は、既にした執行処分を取り消さなければならない。
- Where the obligee has failed to submit the document under the provision of the preceding paragraph, when the obligor has submitted an authenticated copy of the judicial decision set forth in said paragraph, the court of execution of the temporary restraining order or a court execution officer shall revoke the disposition of execution already made.
- 前項に規定する場合において、清算中の金融商品会員制法人が既に債権者に支払い、又は権利の帰属すべき者に引き渡したものがあるときは、破産管財人は、これを取り戻すことができる。
- In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, if a Financial Instruments Membership Corporation in liquidation has already paid any money to the creditors, or has delivered any asset to the person with vested rights, the bankruptcy trustee may retrieve such money or asset.
- 慶長金の初鋳は銀座 (歴史)が設立され慶長銀の鋳造が始まり、幣制が成立した慶長6年と同時期とされるが、前年の慶長5年(1600年)より既に鋳造が始まっていたとする説もある。
- One theory has it the first casting of Keicho Kin (Keicho gold) was the same time when gin-za (literally, silver za, or silver mint) was built and the casting of Keicho Gin started, establishing currency system in 1601, the other has it the casting had already started in 1600.
- 更に688年(持統天皇2年)と693年(持統天皇7年)にも耽羅からの使者が来日しているが、既に正規の国交を維持する状況になかったためか、入京できずに大宰府で留められている。
- In addition, envoys from Tamna arrived in Japan in 688 and 693 but they were not allowed to enter the capital and were forced to stay in Dazai-fu, probably because the two countries no longer had a formal diplomatic relations at the time.
- …歩驟(ほしう)各異(おのおのこと)に、文質同じくあらずと雖も、古を稽(かむが)へて風猷を既に頽れたるに縄(ただ)し、今に照らして典教を絶えむとするに補はずといふことなし。
- Their pace is different, as to whether it is fast or slow, so is their reality, whether it is simple or gorgeous. All emperors have never failed to look back upon antiquity, and to try to properly reestablish the ancient teachings that had almost collapsed, to enlighten today's world through such teachings, and to stop the loss of ancient wisdom.
- 慶長17年(1612年)に駿府銀座より移転し、通町京橋 (東京都中央区)より南へ四町までを拝領して、既に江戸金座が本両替町と呼ばれていたことから、この地を新両替町と称した。
- Sunpu-ginza was moved Edo in 1612, to occupy the 4 town blocks south of Torimachi Kyobashi (Chuo-ku Tokyo), which was then called Shin-ryogae-cho, because there already was Hon-ryogae-cho where Edo-kinza was located.
- 1143年覚鑁の死後、彼の弟子たちは高野山へ戻るも既に金剛峯寺との確執は深く、再び根来山に戻り頼瑜を中心として覚鑁の教学・解釈を基礎とした「新義真言宗」へと発展させていく。
- After Kakuban's death in 1143, his disciples returned to Koya-san Mountain, but the feud between Kongobuji Temple and them was already too deep, so they returned to Mt. Negoro and, led by Raiyu, developed 'Shingi Shingon sect' based on Kakuban's teachings and interpretations.
- また智顗が分類した五時説を日蓮が採用しつつも、次第不定で前後していることを既に認知していたという事実があることを、大乗非仏説及び経典成立史の観点から留意しなくてはならない。
- From the viewpoint of the thesis that the Mahayana teachings do not stem from the historical Buddha as well as the history of scriptures, attention also should be paid to the fact that even Nichiren admitted the history of sutras was not confirmed while he adopted the Fivefold Periods thesis which Chigi had determined.
- さらに李贄は因習的な価値観すべてを否認し、王守仁の良知説を修正して「童心」説(既成道徳に乱される前の純粋な心)を唱えることで孔子や六経『論語』『孟子』さえ否定するに到った。
- Additionally, Ri Shi denied all traditional values, corrected O Shujin's ryochi theory to preach a 'juvenile mind' theory (pure mind prior to disruption by existing morals), and eventually even denied Koshi and Rikkei, 'The Analects of Confucius,' and 'Moshi.'
- 各地の勢力が独立した状況において、既に戦火で荒廃した京都の支配に実質的な意味はなかったが、将軍の御所はいまだ京都にあり、将軍を保護することは自らの力を示す最高の機会だった。
- In the situation that the powers of each place were independent, there was no substantial meaning to rule Kyoto which was already devastated by the fires of war, but the Palace of shogun was still in Kyoto, so that the guard of shogun was the best opportunity to show their powers.
- また、学制の整備によって宣教政策の目的が達成されるとの観点から、政府は教部省の存在自体を懐疑的に捉える結末となり、上記の混乱によって既存の宗教勢力は右往左往することとなった。
- In addition, the Meiji government considered that the establishment of the educational system throughout Japan could satisfy the purpose of national edification at the same time and thus became skeptical of Kyobusho, and these inconsistencies made the existing religious groups rush around in confusion.
- 一方、既にプロシア式の憲法導入に積極的であった岩倉や井上毅と違い、政変後の伊藤個人は立憲体制導入の決意は固めていたものの、どの形態を採るかについてはまだ確信は得ていなかった。
- On the other hand, unlike Iwakura and Inoue, who advocated introduction of Prussia style constitution, even Ito had decided on introduction of constitutional government system, but he was still thinking about the style of the system even after the Meiji juyonen no seihen.
- 相続の開始後認知によって相続人となった者が遺産の分割を請求しようとする場合において、他の共同相続人が既にその分割その他の処分をしたときは、価額のみによる支払の請求権を有する。
- In the case where a person who becomes an heir through affiliation after the commencement of inheritance intends to apply for a division of the inherited property, if other heirs have already divided the inherited property or made another disposition, he/she shall only have a claim of payment for value.
- 他方、外交が重視される時期や、奈良盆地の既存勢力と距離を置きたい場合には、日本海-若狭湾-琵琶湖-淀川-大阪湾-瀬戸内海の内陸水系物流ルート沿いの琵琶湖南岸以南に都が置かれた。
- On the other hand, in time periods focusing on diplomacy, or if an emperor wanted to establish themselves at a distance from the existing powers in the Nara Basin, their capitals were placed to the south of the southern coast of Lake Biwa along the inland water system logistics route from the Japan Sea, via Wakasa Bay, Lake Biwa, the Yodo River, Osaka Bay and to the Seto Inland Sea.
- そして、1911年(明治44年)1月19日付の読売新聞社説に「もし両朝の対立をしも許さば、国家の既に分裂したること、灼然火を賭るよりも明かに、天下の失態之より大なる莫かるべし。
- In the editorial of Yomiuri Shinbun issued January 19, 1911, the following idea was proposed: 'If both dynasties are allowed to oppose each other, it is clear that the nation is divided and this is the fault of the government.
- 帯方郡から女王國までの12,000里のうち、福岡県内に比定される伊都国までで既に10,500里使っていることから、残り1,500里では邪馬台国の位置は九州を出ないとされること。
- As it was 12,000 ri from Daifang Commandery to the queen's state and it was already 10,500 ri to the state of Ito, which is presumed to have been in Fukuoka Prefecture, the location of Yamatai is supposed not to have been outside Kyushu with just 1,500 ri to go.
- ところが、12世紀末に鎌倉将軍の荘園・所領に相当する関東御領をはじめとする武家領と既存の公家領・寺社領、更に公領である国衙領の3者間の区別を必要とし、これを「本所領」と呼んだ。
- At the end of the twelfth century, however, three of the bukeryo including Kanto goryo (shogun's personal holdings) of the Kamakura shogun (general of the eastern pacification command in Kamakura), corresponding to shoen and shoryo, the existing kugeryo and jisharyo, and kokugaryo (provincial land) koryo (public land) needed to be distinguished from one another, and accordingly, they were called 'honjoryo.'
- 江戸時代 名前、出生などの具体的記録は残っていないが、既に移民が開始されていた中国人により、日本人女性が人身売買同然にアメリカに連れて行かれ、売春宿で働かされていたとの記録有。
- Even though there are no specific records from the Edo era including names and births, records do show that Japanese women were trafficked by Chinese immigrants to the U.S. to work in U.S. brothels.
- だが、信長が出陣した時点で既に退却か長篠城強襲かを決定する必要があるため(信長の岐阜出陣は5月13日、三河牛久保から設楽原へ向かったのが5月17日)その可能性は低いことになる。
- This is however unlikely because they had to decide whether they would retreat or raid Nagashino Castle when Nobunaga set off with his troops (from Gifu on July 1 and left Ushikubo in Mikawa for Shitaragahara on July 5).
- ただし、5世紀後半から6世紀には既に朝鮮半島での利権は縮小化し、磐井の乱でヤマト王権も朝鮮半島への興味を失うこととなり、もっぱら日本列島内で徐々に勢力を拡大していくようになる。
- However, Japan's hold on the Korean Peninsula had already decreased through the late 5th to the 6th century and the Yamato sovereignty also lost their interest in the Korean Peninsula due to the Iwai War, increasing its power only within the Japanese archipelago.
- 持清の長男の京極勝秀と次男の政光は既に亡くなっており、勝秀の嫡子と考えられている孫童子丸が当主を継ぐが、わずか一年後に死去し、その後を巡って京極政経と京極高清の間で争いが起きる。
- Mochikiyo's eldest son Katskuhide KYOGOKU and Mochikiyo's second son Masamitsu were already dead at that time, and therefore Mochikiyo's grandson Dojimaru who was considered to be the heir inherited the family position as head, but he died one year after that, and there a battle broke out between Masatsune KYOGOKU and Takakiyo KYOGOKU over the inheritance.
- 福知山市内からは古くは縄文時代初期のころのものが出土していることから、既にそれ以前にはこの地に人が住んでいたことや、多くの有力豪族がこの地一帯を統治していたことが考えられている。
- Since the oldest finds of the Jomon period were found in Fukuchiyama City, it is speculated that people already lived here and that many influential powerful families ruled the area.
- これは、叔父藤原時平の思惑があり、時平の娘は既に宇多天皇に入内し女御となっていたがなかなか皇子を生まず、そんな時に生まれた保明親王を即位させることで政治の実権を握ろうとしていた。
- Behind the scene was the speculation of his uncle, FUJIWARA no Tokihira that while his daughter was already sent to court to marry Emperor Uda and became a nyogo (a court lady next to the Chugu or the second consort), a prince had not been born yet, then prince Yasuakira was born and Tokihira wanted him to become Crown Prince and control the administration through him.
- 但し、既に名を成した芸能人等が副業、余興として落語もやる場合(最近では、森末慎二、風間杜夫、山崎邦正、友近、林家テリ平、荻野アンナ、ダイアン吉日(大道芸人・英語講師)等)は除く。
- However, entertainers who have already become famous and perform rakugo as a sideline or sideshow (Shinji MORISUE, Morio KAZAMA, Hosei YAMASAKI, Tomochika, Terihei HAYASHIYA, Anna OGINO, Diane Kichijitsu (street performer/lecturer in English), etc. in recent years) are excluded.
- 藩論の再転換により、既定の降伏条件を履行しない長州藩へのいらだちは高まり、老中小笠原長行(唐津藩世子)・勘定奉行小栗忠順ら強硬派による長州再征論が浮上し、将軍家茂は再度上洛する。
- Due to this reconversion, the bakufu got increasingly frustrated with Choshu, which didn't perform the duties agreed as conditions to surrender, and Shogun Iemochi again visited Kyoto on the back of insistence from hardliners such as roju Nagayuki OGASAWARA (heir to Karatsu clan) and Tadamasa OGURI, kanjo bugyo (commissioner of financeof the bakufu), to discuss the conquering of Choshu.
- 条件が成就しないことが法律行為の時に既に確定していた場合において、その条件が停止条件であるときはその法律行為は無効とし、その条件が解除条件であるときはその法律行為は無条件とする。
- In cases it is already established conclusively at the time of the performance of the applicable juristic act that a certain condition will not be fulfilled, if such condition is a condition precedent, such juristic act shall be void, and if such condition is a condition subsequent, such juristic act shall be unconditional.
- これらの動きは、中世を通じて社会体制であり続けた荘園公領制の出現を意味するものであり、これと相前後して開始した院政と併せて、11世紀後期には既に中世に入っていたと見ることもできる。
- These movements implies the arrival of shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates), which was the social structure throughout the medieval age, and based on this fact together with the advent of cloister government, we can consider that the medieval age already arrived in late 11th century.
- さらに3の条件は、具体的には不平等条約の撤廃・平等な条約の再締結によって達成されるが、それは既存の「文明国」、つまり西欧国家にどれほど近似しているかという主観的な点から判断された。
- The third condition would be achieved by abolishment of unequal treaties and conclusion of equal treaties, but whether those measures would be taken or not depended on subjective judgment to decide how the country was close to existing 'civilized countries,' Western countries.
- だが、10世紀中期に書かれたと考えられている源高明の『西宮記』には弘文院は既に荒廃に帰している事が記されていることから、道真の時代からそれ程時間を置かずに廃絶したと考えられている。
- From the description in 'Saikyuki' (record of court practices and usage written in Chinese style) written by MINAMOTO no Takaaki supposedly written in the mid tenth century that the Kobunin had been already ruined, it was estimated that the Kobunin was defunct shortly after the days of Michizane.
- 既指定物件には書状(手紙)類が多く、その他、東大寺文書、東寺百合(ひゃくごう)文書、島津家文書、上杉家文書などの一括文書、寺院の資材帳、日記、祈願文、遺告(遺言)、系図などがある。
- Among the items previously made national treasures in this category, there are many of the letter variety, as well as some general archives like the Todai-ji Temple Archives, the To-ji Temple 100-document Archive, the Shimazu House Archives, and the Uesugi House Archives, and other types of documents including notebooks of historical materials of temples and shrines, diaries, prayer documents, wills, and genealogies.
- 内閣総理大臣は、外国金融商品取引所が第百五十五条第一項の認可を受けた当時既に第百五十五条の三第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その認可を取り消すことができる。
- When a Foreign Financial Instruments Exchange is found to have already fallen under any of the categories specified in the items of Article 155-3(2) at the time of receipt of the authorization under Article 155(1), the Prime Minister may rescind its authorization.
- このため、院家は平民出身の凡僧とは格別した身分的特権が与えられるようになるとともに、その実家の財政力を背景に既存の院家を獲得あるいは新規に創設することが盛んに行われるようになった。
- For this reason, as inge were granted rights separate to ordinary monks of common lineage, it became popular for monks from wealthy families to obtain existing inge sub-temples or establish new inge sub-temples.
- 元徳3年(1331年)の古図では既に祇園造で描かれているが、この古図の原本は寛和2年(986年)のものであることから、祇園造の様式は935年から986年の間に成立したと推定される。
- In an ancient drawing made in 1331, the shrine is depicted as a Gion-zukuri style building, and it is estimated from the fact that the original copy of this drawing was created in 986 that the Gion-zukuri style was established between 935 and 986.
- これらはオリンピック種目化を目指しての革新と見られるが、スポーツ化したとき見た目にはさほど違いのないテコンドーが既にオリンピック種目となっている為、実現は容易ではないと考えられる。
- It is considered that these reforms have been promoted for the Olympic Games, but it would appear very difficult for karate to become an Olympic event because the Olympics has already introduced taekwondo, but karate and taekwondo apparently have no distinctive differences as sports.
- 和太鼓は、縄文時代には既に、情報伝達の手段として利用されていたといわれており、日本における太鼓の歴史は非常に古く、日本神話の天岩戸の場面でも桶を伏せて音を鳴らしたと伝えられている。
- It is said that the Japanese drum had already been used as a means of the information transmission during the Jomon Period, and the history of the drum in Japan is very old and can even be traced back to a scene in the Japanese myth 'ama-no-iwato' (the door of the rock room in heaven) in which a tub was placed bottom upward to make a sound.
- しかし、「洋風」という言葉が既に「西欧のような」という意味を含んでおり、その上に「擬」という語を重ねるのは適切でないとして、「明治初期洋風建築」という用語を提唱する建築史家もいる。
- Some architecture historians propose to use the term 'Meiji Shoki Yofu Kenchiku' (Western-style architecture in the early Meiji period), saying 'yofu' means 'Western-style' and adding 'gi ' (quasi- or pseudo-) is inappropriate.
- 結婚式などに既婚の親族女性が身につけることが多い「黒留袖」は地色が黒、濱縮緬や丹後縮緬などの地模様のない縮緬を用い、裾に模様が入っており背中・両後ろ袖・前胸元に合計五つの家紋が入る。
- 'Black-tomesode', which is often worn by a married woman at a wedding ceremony and the like who is a relative of the couple getting married, uses crepe which is black in ground color or has no patterns, such as Hama-chirimen crepe and Tango-chirimen crepe, with patterns woven in on sleeves and having a total of five family crests on the back, both back sleeves, and front.
- 現代においては島田髷、桃割れ、等、娘の髪型は結婚式や舞踊発表会、祭りの時代行列等で見る機会が多いが、丸髷や先笄、両輪等の既婚女性の髪型は歌舞伎や文楽、時代劇以外では見る機会が少ない。
- Today young girls' hairstyles such as shimada-mage, momoware (literally, split peach; female hair style in kimono that the bun is split and a red fabric woven in the center) and so on can be often seen at the weddings, programs of dance performances by students, Jidai Gyoretsu (a procession of people in historical costumes) in festivals and so on, but married women's hairstyles such as marumage, sakko, ryowa and so on are seldom to be seen except for in Kabuki (traditional performing art), Bunraku (Japanese puppet theater) and period dramas.
- 資格や実際に通過できる門は時期によって異なるが、摂関・親王・大臣・大僧正のうち既に輦車宣旨を受けている者が主たる対象者であり、対象者の身分や宮門そのものの構造によって決定されていた。
- The criteria and the actual gate that could be passed depended upon the period, but Sekkan, imperial princes, ministers, Daisojo (head priest) who already had Teguruma no senji (special permission from the Emperor to enter the imperial palace in a hand cart) were eligible and was decided upon by the person's position and the actual structure of the court gate.
- この任地に着任するまでに既に今井町の住人であり、前述の一向宗の戦いにおいて、信長から武装解除される際に今井郷民を危険から回避させ、単独で交渉にあたるなど相当の功績があったようである。
- Imanishi had been living in Imai-cho before arriving at his post at that location and when disarmament was ordered by Nobunaga after the battle of the Ikkoshu sect, it seems that Imanishi made considerable contributions to the community such as helping the Imai-go residents to escape from danger and subsequently negotiating with the enemy side on his own.
- しかし、後に臣従して「日本国王良懐」(『太祖実録』の記述による)として冊封を受け、中央では既に南朝勢力は衰微していたものの、懐良親王は明の権威と勢力を背景に独自に九州に南朝勢力を築く。
- However, later on, Kanenaga followed SHU, and he was granted the title of 'King of Japan Kanenaga' (based on the record of 'Taiso Jitsuroku' - the history of the founder) under sakuho (homage by Chinese emperors), and with the help of Ming's authority and power, Imperial Prince Kanenaga built the Southern Court force in Kyushu, even though the Southern Court forces had waned in the center of the politics.
- 「一代主」の立場を甘受することもできず、自らが理想とする政策を充分に実現することもできなかった後醍醐は、唯一の突破口として武力により既存の政治秩序を根こそぎ破壊する道を選ぶことになる。
- Not being able to accept that he was in the position of a 'One-generation-head' and not being to sufficiently implement his idealized measures, he selected the path of destroying the existing political order by force as a way of breaking out.
- しかし、このころ既に、『紙背文書因幡国司解案紙背仮名消息』や『紙背文書虚空蔵菩薩念誦次第紙背仮名消息』など日本の書道史女手の完成を示す文書類が日常に書かれており、女手の全盛期といえる。
- However, this was also the period when onnade was at it's height and works such as 'Shihai-monjo Inaba no Kokushi no Gean Shihai Kana Shosoku' and 'Shihai-monjo Koku-zo Bosatsu Nenju Shidai Shihai Kana Shosoku' were being written daily.
- また、近鉄の高田市駅は開業当初、高田町駅であったが大和高田市が1948年に市制施行した際、既に大和高田駅が別に存在したことから敢えて旧国名の「大和」を略したままの改称に踏み切っている。
- Takadashi Station of Kintetsu Corporation was Takada-cho Station when it was opened; Takada-cho became Yamatotakada City in 1948; at that time the station named Yamato-Takada Station already existed; for this reason the corporation took the bold step of changing the station name into Takadashi Station in which the old provincial name of 'Yamato' is omitted.
- 崇徳天皇の死後すぐに武士である平氏が権力を振るうがその間に大火事が起こり、末期には叛乱が相次ぎ(下記の諡号制定はこの時期であり、既に怨霊と深く認識されていた)、更には養和の飢饉が起こる。
- After Emperor Sutoku died, the samurai Taira clan took control of politics; however, a disastrous fire occurred and there were many wars at the end of their reign (just as there were in the following period, which was rumored as being due to Emperor Sutoku's curse), as well as the Yowa dearth.
- 「現成」とは、眼前にすでに出現しできていてることであり、良知を発言させるために作為的もしくは意識的な修養は無用であって、良知はすでに既成の善悪を超え自律的に正しく判断するのだと主張した。
- He stated that 'gensei' means a thing that has appeared in front of one's eyes, so that 'gensei ryochi' means that no intentional or deliberate self-cultivation is needed to make ryochi appear because ryochi autonomously makes the correct judgment by transcending good and evil.
- 討手陸奥の守宗宣、下野の守貞綱既に攻め寄せんと欲するの処に、宗方は殿中(師時の舘、禅閤貞時同宿)の騒擾を聞き、宿所より参らるるの間、隠岐の入道阿清(佐々木時清)宗方の為に討たれをはんぬ。
- When the chasers, Munenobu, Mutsu no Kami, and Sadatsuna, Shimotsuke no Kami, were going to attack, Munekata heard disturbing noise at Denchu (Morotoki's residence where Sadatoki, zenko (one of the three principal ministers with priesthood) stayed) and on his way to the residence from his lodging where Asei, Nyudo of Oki (Tokikiyo SASAKI) was killed to protect Munekata.
- 一方では唐の時代には既に経済規模に対して銅銭発行量が追いついていなかったといわれる中での更なる銅銭流出は、結果的には「銭荒」と呼ばれる銅銭不足の状態を恒常化させて中国経済を混乱に陥れた。
- Meanwhile, it is said that the mint output of copper coins was already behind the country's economic scale during the Tang Dynasty and under such circumstances the further outflow of copper coins plunged the Chinese economy into chaos by causing constant lack of copper coins called 'senko'.
- また、公文書の開示結果、1920年に既に認可できる要件は整っていたが、この事件が影響して認可できないという内容が残されていることが判り、東洋大学が遅れた存在ではなかったことが証明された。
- According to a disclosed official document, the requirements to be authorized as Toyo University were ready in 1920 but the approbation was delayed due to the incident, so this record proved that Toyo University didn't lag behind others.
- 賃借物が修繕を要し、又は賃借物について権利を主張する者があるときは、賃借人は、遅滞なくその旨を賃貸人に通知しなければならない。ただし、賃貸人が既にこれを知っているときは、この限りでない。
- If the leased Thing requires any repair, or if any person asserts rights with respect to the leased Thing, the lessee must notify the lessor without delay; provided, however, that this shall not apply if this is already known to the lessor.
- 新受託者が就任するに至るまでの間に信託財産に属する財産に対し既にされている強制執行、仮差押え若しくは仮処分の執行又は担保権の実行若しくは競売の手続は、新受託者に対し続行することができる。
- Execution, execution of a provisional seizure or provisional disposition, procedures for the exercise of a security interest, or an auction which has already been commenced against property that belongs to the trust property before a new trustee assumes the office of trustee, may be continued against the new trustee.
- 佐藤は、本宣旨により頼朝は既存の国家権力である朝廷から公権(東国行政権 国衙在庁指揮権)を付与され、この公的権力との接触により一つの国家的存在、すなわち東国国家 鎌倉幕府が成立したとする。
- Owing to this decree, Yoritomo was granted the official authority (the administrative authority of the Togoku region and the right to command the local officials of kokuga) by the Imperial Court, which was the then existing national authority, and this contact between Yoritomo and the public authority caused the formation of other national organizations, namely the Togoku state and the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), according to SATO.
- 用語としては鎌倉時代から南北朝時代 (日本)より見られ、鎌倉時代後期から出現した自らの既得権益を守るために権力と戦う悪党や、南北朝時代の社会的風潮であった「ばさら」も下剋上の一種とされた。
- As a term, gekokujo was in use from the Kamakura period through to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan); examples of gekokujo include the scoundrels that started to appear near the end of the Kamakura period who fought against the authorities in order to protect their own vested interests, as well as the anti-authoritarian social movement known as 'basara' ('vajra' in Sanskrit) that occurred during the Nanbokucho period.
- 8世蓮如は北陸地方や畿内において国人・農民を信者として取り込み、本願寺を独立した教団としての地位を確立させたものの、同時にそれは周辺の守護大名・荘園領主や既存の宗派・寺院との摩擦を生んだ。
- Although Rennyo, the 8th chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple, won local lords and peasants in Hokuriku Region and Kinai Region (the provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) over to his sect as believers and established the position of Hongan-ji Temple as an independent religious community, it caused discord between him and the neighboring shugo daimyo (provincial military governors) and lords of manors and also between him and the existing sects and temples.
- 信託財産についての破産手続開始の決定がされた場合において、清算受託者が既に信託財産責任負担債務に係る債権を有する債権者に支払ったものがあるときは、破産管財人は、これを取り戻すことができる。
- Where an order for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings has been entered against the trust property, if the liquidation trustee has already made any payments to a creditor who holds a claim pertaining to an obligation covered by the trust property, the bankruptcy trustee may reclaim such payment.
- 「オウム国家樹立に伴い、神道に基盤におく皇室は当然の如く廃止され、新たに葛城等の姓を与えて民籍人とする。代わって麻原一族が皇族となる。(既に自身の長男・次男に皇子なる称号を授与していた)。」
- With the establishment of the Aum state, the Imperial Family who have their base on Shinto are to be abolished and family names such as Katsuragi will be given to them to be Minsekijin (general public on a population register). Instead, Asahara and his family become the Imperial Family (He has already given the title of Prince to his eldest and second sons).'
- 直接の編纂者について、八代国治が『吾妻鏡』の編纂者達を政所と問注所の吏員である大江広元の子孫(毛利、長井)、二階堂行政の子孫、三善康信の子孫達(大田、町野)ではないかとしたことは既に述べた。
- As mentioned already, Kuniji YASHIRO regarded the compilers of 'Azuma Kagami' as the descendants of Hiromoto OE (Mori, Nagai), Yukimasa NIKAIDO, and Yasunobu MIYOSHI (Ota, Machino), who were officials of Mandokoro and Monchujo.
- 然ルニ最早大使御帰朝以来既ニ数月ヲ閲シ候得共、何等ノ御施設モ拝承不仕、昨今民心洶々上下相疑、動スレバ土崩瓦解ノ兆無之トモ難申勢ニ立至候義、畢竟天下輿論公議ノ壅塞スル故卜実以残念ノ至ニ奉存候。
- However, although it has been a few months since the group returned home, we have not yet seen anything done about setting up such a place, and people and government are having doubts about each other these days; if anything happens, society shall collapse like mud, it means that the people's opinions are neglected and we feel much sorrow over this.
- その啓示とは、はるか昔の法蔵比丘の誓願によって衆生は救われているのであるから、「南無阿弥陀仏」の各号を書いた札を民衆に配り(賦算)、民衆に既に救われていることを教えて回るというものであった。
- This revelation was that the people have already been saved a long time ago by pledge of Hozobiku (Dharmakara) so he went around to tell the people that they have already been saved by giving out tablets that have the inscription 'Namu Amidabutsu' (which referred as Fusan).
- 1356年(延文元年/正平11年)に解放されて、翌年に京都に帰還するが、京都では既に崇光天皇の実弟である後光厳天皇が尊氏によって擁立された後であり、崇光天皇と直仁皇太子の復位要求は拒絶された。
- After their release in 1356, they returned to Kyoto in the following year, however, their demands for reinstatement of Emperor Suko and Imperial Prince Naohito were denied; in Kyoto, the younger bother of Emperor Suko, Emperor Kogon had been enthroned by Takauji until then.
- それがこころていと呼ばれるようになり、さらに転じてところてんとなったとされるが、古くは正倉院の書物中に心天と記されている事から奈良時代には既にこころてんまたはところてんと呼ばれていた様である。
- Then it came to be called 'kokorotei', and by further extension, 'tokoroten'; however, it seems that names such as 'kokoroten' and 'tokoroten' were already used in the Nara period as is shown by its mention in days gone by in a writing stored in Shoso-in Treasure Repository.
- 生後10ヶ月足らずで立太子したのは、摂政であった外祖父伊尹の外祖父によるものだが、17歳で即位時には既に伊尹は亡くなっており、有力な外戚を持たなかった事は、2年足らずの在位という後果を招いた。
- He was enthroned after ten months he was born due to his maternal grandfather, Koremasa's political influence; however, when he succeeded to the throne at seventeen, Koremasa had already passed away and he did not have any powerful maternal relative, so his reign only lasted a little more than two years.
- 臣等既ニ已ニ今日我国民撰議院ヲ立テズンバアル可カラザルノ所以、及今日我国人民進歩ノ度能ク斯議院ヲ立ルニ堪ルコトヲ弁論スル者ハ、則有司ノ之ヲ拒ム者ヲシテ口ニ藉スル所ナカラシメントスルニハ非ラズ。
- What we have already discussed are the reasons why we need a Minsen Giin (elected assembly) today and what we have been suggesting is that it is a natural process to establish a Minsen Giin as our people are evolved enough and we have not brought this petition to exclude the bureaucrats, who are refusing our movement, but they are welcome to give their views on this matter.
- 日朝で激しいやりとりがあったが、弁理公使花房義質が日朝間を頻繁に往来して、ついには1880年12月漢城に公使館を設置し長期滞在して既成事実化するようになると、朝鮮側も黙認せざるを得なくなった。
- During the severe discussion between the two sides, minister resident Yoshimoto HANABUSA traveled often between Japan and Korea, and finally Japan established a consular office in Hanseong in December 1880, Hanabusa stayed there for a long term to create a fait accompli, and Korea had no choice but to concede.
- 江戸に皇居を置き東京とするという構想は、江戸時代後期の経世家である佐藤信淵が文政6年(1823年)に著した『混同秘策』に既に現われており、これに影響を受けて大久保利通も東京奠都を建言したという。
- The concept of placing the imperial palace in Edo and making it Tokyo was a plan that appeared in the Keiseika (intellectuals) that Nobuhiro SATO wrote in 1823, during the last of the Edo period titled 'The Secret Merger Plan,' and it is said that Toshimichi OKUBO was influenced by this and advocated moving the capital to Tokyo.
- その語構成からも窺えるように、「サモラフ」の原義は相手の様子をじっと窺うという意味であったが、奈良時代には既に貴人の傍らに控えて様子を窺いつつその命令が下るのを待つという意味でも使用されていた。
- As its roots suggest, the word 'samorafu' originally conveyed the meaning of carefully watching an opponent's actions; in fact, it was already used in the Nara period to communicate the idea of waiting close by to a nobleman on the lookout while awaiting instructions.
- 長男織田長孝は、関ヶ原の戦いの軍功により美濃国大野郡 (美濃国)に1万石を賜っていたが(野村藩)、既に慶長11年(1606年)死去しており、その子織田長則(~寛永8年)に嗣子がなく、家が絶えた。
- His eldest son Nagataka ODA received the territory of 10,000 koku (Nomura Domain) in Ono County, Mino Province in return for his distinguished military service during the Battle of Sekigahara, but died in 1606, and his son Naganori ODA died without heir (in 1631), which put an end to the Oda family.
- もっとも、宗風や叢林としての規矩清規は当時の中国・明時代の臨済禅に倣っていたことから、既に日本に根付いていた臨済宗とは趣を異にし、その違いにより、自ずから一派を形成する方向に向かったものである。
- However, since its tradition and Kiku (regulation) and Shingi (daily regulations in Zen temples) at the monastery followed the Rinzai Zen Buddhism of the Ming Dynasty in China, it was somewhat different from the Rinzai Sect that had already taken root in Japan, and the difference led it to form a new sect.
- もっとも単純な形の炉は、石を火の周囲に積み上げた物で、今日でもキャンプなどの飯盒による調理などでおなじみだが、既に石器時代にはそのような炉が登場していたと見られ、当時の遺構にその痕跡が見られる。
- The simplest shape of the fireplace was made of stones stacked up around a fire and is still familiar camping trips and cooking meals in a mess tin, and seems to have already appeared in the Stone Age because traces of it have been found in ancient structural remnants from that period.
- 諸国の受領の大幅な交替も行われ、平氏の知行国はクーデター前の17ヶ国から32ヶ国になり、「日本秋津島は僅かに66ヶ国、平家知行の国三十余ヶ国、既に半国に及べり」(『平家物語』)という状態となった。
- There was a wide shift in the zuryo of each province, and chigyokoku of Taira clan increased to thirty-two from seventeen provinces prior to the coup d'état; 'Japan Akitsu-shima (literally, 'Land of Dragonflies') has only sixty-six provinces, and Heike (Taira family) chigyokoku became thirty-something provinces, already half the size of a country' ('The Tale of the Heike').
- 源頼朝は親幕派の九条兼実を朝廷での代弁者としていたが、娘の大姫 (源頼朝の娘)の後鳥羽天皇への入内に際し、既に院に九条任子を入内させていた九条兼実ではなく反兼実派で反幕派でもある源通親に相談した。
- MINAMOTO no Yoritomo had Kanezane KUJO as his spokesman at the Imperial Court, however, at the time of his daughter Ohime's judai (an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into court) for the Emperor Gotoba, he consulted MINAMOTO no Michichika, who was anti-Kanezane and even anti-bakufu, and not Kanezane.
- 既に強制管理の開始決定がされ、又は第百八十条第二号に規定する担保不動産収益執行の開始決定がされた不動産について強制管理の申立てがあつたときは、執行裁判所は、更に強制管理の開始決定をするものとする。
- If a commencement order for a compulsory administration has already been issued, or if a petition for a compulsory administration was filed for real property for which a commencement order for execution against earnings from secured real property has been issued under the provisions of Article 180(ii), the execution court shall issue another commencement order for compulsory administration.
- 第二十三条第三項各号に掲げる者には、第二項の規定による中止の命令があった旨を通知しなければならない。ただし、同条第三項ただし書に規定する規定による通知が既にされている者については、この限りでない。
- The persons listed under Article 23, paragraph (3) shall be given notice to the effect that a stay order is issued under the provision of paragraph (2); provided, however, that this shall not apply to any person who has already been given a notice under the provision of the proviso to paragraph (3) of said Article.
- 有価証券の募集又は売出しの相手方が当該有価証券に係る次条第一項各号に掲げる事項に関する情報を既に取得し、又は容易に取得することができる場合として政令で定める場合における当該有価証券の募集又は売出し
- a Public Offering or Secondary Distribution of Securities in the case that the other parties thereto have already obtained or can easily obtain information on matters listed in the items of paragraph (1) of the following Article pertaining to the Securities, as specified by a Cabinet Order;
- 裁判長は、被害者等の意見の陳述又は訴訟関係人の被害者等に対する質問が既にした陳述若しくは質問と重複するとき、又は事件に関係のない事項にわたるときその他相当でないときは、これを制限することができる。
- The presiding judge may place restrictions on the statement of opinion by the victim and others or questions to the victim and others by concerned persons that overlap with prior statements or questions, or which are otherwise irrelevant to the case.
- 日本では、建武の新政の段階で既に南禅寺・浄妙寺(両寺は後に五山に昇格)・万寿寺 (大分市)が「十刹」に指定されていたことが明らかとされており、「十刹」成立を鎌倉時代末期とするのが通説とされている。
- In Japan, it is clear that during the Kenmu Restoration Nanzen-ji Temple, Jomyo-ji Temple (both temples were later elevated to Gozan), Manju-ji Temple (Oita City) were already designated as 'Jissetsu,' it is accepted that the 'Jissetsu' were established during the late Kamakura period.
- 院宮給の成立については諸説あるが、三宮への年官は淳和天皇の頃に成立し、残りの三宮の年爵・院の年官・年爵も宇多上皇が院宮給のありかたについて触れた『寛平御遺誡』が成立した寛平年間には既に存在していた。
- Although there are various theories on when Ingu kyu was established, nenkan for Sannomiya came into existence during the era of Emperor Junna, while nenshaku for the Sannomiya, as well as nenkan and nenshaku for In, had already existed in the Kampyo era after 'Kampyo-Goyuikai/Kampyo-no-Goyuikai' (a group of precepts for governing) was established and the retired Emperor Uda mentioned what he thought should be the ingu kyu.
- 中世の経済的利益は座・問丸・株仲間によって独占され既得権化していたが、戦国大名はこれを排除して絶対的な領主権の確立を目指すとともに、税の減免を通して新興商工業者を育成し経済の活性化を図ったのである。
- Economic benefits in Japan during the middle ages were monopolized by za (guilds), toimaru (specialized wholesale merchants) and kabunakama (trade associations) but Sengoku daimyo abolished these and, as well as attempting to establish absolute feudal rights, aimed to stimulate the economy by fostering emerging merchants and tradesmen via the reduction and exemption of taxes.
- 現地の水がひじょうに硬水だったこと、内地からの米の輸入が不自由だったこと、いまだ安全醸造に至らない貧弱な設備の蔵が多かったこと、既成の日本酒は現地の極寒の気候では凍ってしまうことなどの問題があった。
- There were problems such as the water at that place was very hard, rice wasn't imported from the inland of Japan freely, and many sake breweries had poor facilities in the point of safe brewing, and ready-made sake froze in the cold climate there.
- 頼家は危篤から回復し、比企氏の滅亡と一幡の死を知って激怒し、時政討伐を命じるが、既に主導権は北条氏に完全に握られており、頼家は政子の命で出家させられて将軍職を奪われ、伊豆の修善寺に幽閉されてしまう。
- Upon recovering from his critical illness, Yoriie was enraged to learn that the Hiki clan had been overthrown and killed and that Ichiman was dead, and he ordered Tokimasa subdued but by then, full power was in the hands of the Hojo clan and, on Masako's orders, Yoriie was removed from the position of Shogun, forced to join the priesthood and confined to Shuzen-ji Temple in Izu.
- 指定区域が指定された際当該指定区域内において既に土地の形質の変更に着手している者は、その指定の日から起算して十四日以内に、環境省令で定めるところにより、都道府県知事にその旨を届け出なければならない。
- Any person who had already commenced an act that changes the character of land in a Designated Area at the time when the area was designated shall be required to notify the prefectural governor to that effect within 14 days from the date of designation as prescribed in the Ordinance of the Ministry of the Environment.
- なお、天長3年(826年)9月、上総・常陸・上野の三か国は親王が太守(正四位下相当の勅任の官)として治める親王任国となったが、この当時は既に太守は都にいて赴任せず、代理に介が長官として派遣されていた。
- In September 826, the three provinces of Kazusa, Hitachi, and Kouzuke became Shinno-ningoku (provinces where the government posts were reserved as sinecures of imperial princes), where the imperial princes who governed were regarded as Taishu (Imperial Court appointed Governor-Generals, Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade), however, the Taishu stayed in the capital and did not go to the provinces, so suke (governors) were dispatched to these provinces in place of kami (directors) to act for the Taishu.
- 前項の規定による禁止の命令(以下「強制執行等禁止命令」という。)が発せられた場合には、債務者の財産に対して既にされている強制執行等(当該命令により禁止されることとなるものに限る。)の手続は、中止する。
- Where a prohibition order under the provisions of the preceding paragraph (hereinafter referred to as a 'prohibition order on compulsory execution, etc.') is issued, the procedure for compulsory execution, etc. already initiated against the debtor's property (limited to the procedure that is to be prohibited by the prohibition order) shall be stayed.
- 坐禅(瞑想とは異なる)、公案(知的な理解を超えた話を理解すること)、読経(お教を読むこと)、作務(普段の作業)などの修行を既に悟りを得た禅師の元ですることで、悟りが得られるようにメソッド化されてきた。
- These were systematized so that enlightenment could be gained by performing training such as Zazen (not the same as meditation), Koan (understanding stories that surpass intellectual understanding), Dokyou (reading sutras), or Samu (everyday work) under an already enlightened Zen master.
- 既に1949年(昭和24年)より経済安定本部を中心に策定した「河川改訂改修計画」を土台に、1954年(昭和29年)「淀川水系改訂基本計画」が策定されこの中で初めて多目的ダムによる洪水調節が企図された。
- The Economic Stabilization Agency made the 'Revised River Improvement Plan' in 1949, and based on which the 'Revised the Yodo-gawa River System Basic Plan' was decided in 1954, in which the building of multipurpose dams was planned for the first time to control floods.
- しかし、文部省は慎重な審議の結果、民主的に組織されて健全に活動している全国的な団体が既に設立され、日本体育協会にも加盟している事などの理由で、昭和30年(1955年)8月武徳会設立認可申請を却下した。
- However, after careful discussions the Ministry of Education rejected the request for the establishment of Butoku Kai in August 1955, given the existence of a national organization democratically organized and operating soundly, and which was also a member of the Japan Amateur Sports Association.
- 日露戦争の結果、日本は南満州鉄道や関東州の租借権などの満洲利権を獲得したが、満洲は既に半植民地状態とはいえ、あくまでも清の国家主権に属する地域であったことから、清国の了承なしには権利譲渡は出来なかった。
- Through the Russo-Japanese War, Japan gained rights in Manchuria, such as the South Manchuria Railway and the Kwantung Leased Territory, but she was not able to transfer her rights without Qing's consent because Manchuria, in effect, belonged to the state of Qing, despite the fact that the region, in part, had become Japanese colony.
- そのため、(信心を得た後で)人間が称える「南無阿弥陀仏」という称名念仏は、その功徳により浄土へ往生しようとするためのものではなく、既に浄土へ行くことが決まっていることへの感謝の称名であると言うのである。
- From this point of view, he interpreted that (after accepting faith), the recitation of nenbutsu (the name of Amida Buddha), 'namuamidabutsu (literally, I take my refuge in Amida Buddha)' is not the invocation uttered in the hope of rebirth into the Pure Land by the salvific power of Amida Buddha, but in gratitude for ensuring birth in the Pure Land.
- どの戦国大名も従来の大名に替わって室町幕府に「郡検断」「軍勢催促」「段銭徴収」等の諸権力を公認されることで各地域の中心勢力を形成し、そして新しい中央政権たる豊臣秀吉の奥州仕置によって既得権益を追認された。
- Each sengoku daimyo formed the central power of influence in each region by being authorized to execute various powers such as 'jurisdiction,' 'demand for military assistance,' and 'collection of Tansen (tax on rice fields)' by the Muromachi bakufu in place of the existing daimyo and then had their vested interests confirmed by Oshu-shioki (repression of the Oshu region) by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as the new central government.
- その後、麹屋側の巻き返しにより天文_(元号)14年(1545年)には再度北野麹座による麹の独占が許されるものの、室町幕府の権威が完全に失墜した状況下では時は既に遅く、やがて麹造りは酒屋業の一工程となった。
- After that, though the monopoly of the koji malt by Kitano koji za was permitted again in 1545 due to the catch up by Kitano koji za, it was too late, as the Muromachi bakufu had fallen from power, and the production of koji malt had become integrated into the sakaya industry.
- 既に老いの境に入った一介の伊勢国の浪人 (武士)が、妹が守護の愛妾となっていたのを頼りに駿河へ下って身を興し、後に関東を切り取る一代の梟雄北条早雲となる、というストーリーが従来小説などでよく描かれていた。
- Historical novels often include the story of Soun HOJO as a masterless samurai in his later life, who went to Suruga seeking help from his younger sister, the governor's mistress, and rose to become the ruler of the Kanto area.
- 大宮邸には内大臣(頭中将)の娘の雲居の雁もひきとられており、二人は筒井筒の恋を育んでいた(もっとも「少女 (源氏物語)」では既に「いかなる御仲らひにかありけむ」と二人の深い関係を暗示するような文もある)。
- At the residence of Omiya, Kumoi no Kari, a daughter of the Minister of the Center (To no Chujo), is also taken in, so they are childhood friends and at the same time they nurture the love between them (however, the chapter of 'Otome' (The Maidens) states that 'they seem to be in an intimate relationship,' suggesting that they are already in a serious relationship.)
- なお、地租改正に先立って、政府は、に田畑永代売買禁止令を解除して既に形骸化していた土地の売買禁止の合法化を行い、には地所質入書入規則及び動産不動産書入金穀貸借規則を定めて土地を担保とした貸借も合法化した。
- In addition, before land-tax reform, the government legalized buying and selling of land by lifting the prohibition of sale and purchase of farming land which was already lacked in substance in 1872; in 1873 the government also legalized the borrowing and lending of money by using land as collateral by setting the regulations on pawing and listing real estates and regulations on listing movable property and real estate property for borrowing and lending of money and goods.
- しかし、既に見つかったものだけでも400枚以上になること、中国社会科学院考古学研究所長である王仲殊が「それらは漢鏡ではない」と発表したことなどから、九州説の側から「三角縁神獣鏡は全て偽作」との反論を受けた。
- However, because more than 400 mirrors have been found and Zhongshu WANG, who was director of the Institute of Archaeology under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, insisted that 'they are not Han mirrors,' this theory was refuted by researchers of the Kyushu theory, who said that 'all the triangular-rimmed mirrors are forged.'
- 日本では、既に江戸時代末期より、幾度と無く多数の死者を出す流行が見られており、早期対策の重要性を認識していた明治政府は、虎列刺病(コレラ)予防心得(内務省 (日本))とともに避病院仮規則(警視庁)を整えた。
- In Japan, because cholera pandemic repeatedly reoccurred and killed many people since the end of the Edo period, the Meiji Government knew the importance of an early countermeasure, so the Meiji Government enacted 'Instruction for preventing Cholera' (by prewar Ministry of Home Affairs) and 'Temporary rules of Hibyoin' (by Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department).
- また前代に成立した作品を書写したものとしては、既述の『源氏物語絵巻』などの絵巻の詞書や、『平家納経』などの経典のほか、『古今和歌集』には元永本(国宝)があり、元永3年(1120年)の奥書を有し、完本である。
- The kotobagaki of emaki including 'Genji Monogatari Emaki' that was mentioned earlier, Buddhist scriptures including 'Heike-nokyo,' the Genei-bon manuscript (a national treasure) with okugaki (postscript) in 1120 as a complete edition of 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) are the copied versions of the masterpieces established in the former period.
- 前項の規定による決定が効力を生ずる前に、既にされた執行処分について執行異議の申立て又は執行抗告があつたときは、当該決定は、当該執行異議の申立て又は執行抗告についての裁判が確定するまでは、その効力を生じない。
- When an objection to a disposition of execution or an appeal against a disposition of execution was filed against a disposition of execution already made, prior to the time when an order under the provisions of the preceding paragraph became effective, said order shall not be effective until a judicial decision on such objection to a disposition of execution or appeal against a disposition of execution becomes final and binding.
- 包括的禁止命令が発せられた場合には、債務者の財産に対して既にされている強制執行等の手続(当該包括的禁止命令により禁止されることとなるものに限る。)は、破産手続開始の申立てにつき決定があるまでの間、中止する。
- Where a comprehensive prohibition order is issued, the procedure for compulsory execution, etc. already initiated against the debtor's property (limited to such procedure that is to be prohibited by the comprehensive prohibition order) shall be stayed until an order is made on the petition for commencement of bankruptcy proceedings.
- 皇女の降嫁の初例としてよく挙げられるのは、嵯峨天皇皇女源潔姫と藤原良房の婚姻であるが、潔姫の場合は結婚前に既に源氏姓を賜り臣籍に下っており、内親王と臣下が結婚した初例は醍醐天皇皇女勤子内親王と藤原師輔である。
- Although the marriage between MINAMOTO no Kiyohime, an Imperial princess of Emperor Saga, and FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa is regarded as the first case of koka, Kiyohime had already been given the name of Minamoto clan and descended to the subject status before their marriage, so the first case of marriage between an Imperial Princess and a subject is that of Imperial Princess Isoko (Kinshi), a daughter of Emperor Godaigo, and FUJIWARA no Morosuke.
- 当時、既にあった宮家(伏見宮・有栖川宮・桂宮)は何れも天皇とは遠縁であり、皇統の断絶を危惧するも即位となれば天皇の近親者が相応しいとの考えから宝永7年(1710年)8月10日、新井白石の建議により創設された。
- On September 3, 1710, the Kaninnomiya family was founded by the proposal of Hakuseki ARAI insisting that close blood relatives of Emperor should ascend to the throne, but there was an anxiety at that time that imperial line might become extinct since Miyake (house of an imperial prince) such as the Fushiminomiya, Arisugawanomiya and Katsuranomiya families had not close blood relations with Emperor.
- また、明応10年3月28日_(旧暦)(文亀元年/1501年)に早雲が小田原城下にあった伊豆山神社の所有地を自領の1ヶ村と交換した文書が残されており、この時点では早雲が小田原城を既に領有していたとみられている。
- There is also a document stating that on April 25, 1501, Soun exchanged one of the villages he ruled for the land on which Izusan-jinja Shrine stood and which was under the jurisdiction of Odawara-jo Castle, meaning that Soun was already ruling over Odawara-jo Castle at that time.
- 諸兄は既に天平3年から参議に就いて議政官(公卿)を勤めていたが、天平9年には大納言へのぼると、翌10年には右大臣へ、同15年には左大臣へ昇進し、聖武天皇・孝謙天皇両天皇の治世期に太政官首班として政治に当たった。
- Moroe, who had already began serving as Giseikan (Legislature) (Kugyo) in the position of Sangi (councilor) in 731, ascended to Dainagon (major councilor) in 737, and Udaijin (Minister of the Right) in 738, and in 743 he finally reached Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) and dedicated himself to national politics as the head of Daijokan (Grand Council of State) during the eras of the Emperor Shomu and the Emperor Koken.
- 例えば、内親王・女王による宮家の継承および創設を認める、既存の宮家の後継者としていわゆる旧皇族の男系子孫から養子(第1内親王・女王の婿等)を迎える、旧皇族を復籍するなどさまざまな意見はあるが、結論は出ていない。
- For example, there are some ideas on allowing Princesses and Empresses to succeed the Miyake, or establish new Miyake, or to adopt (the first Imperial Prince or Empress's husband and so on) male descendants of former Imperial family, as the successor to the current Miyake, or have former Imperial members come return to their positions, however there has been no solution thus far.
- ただし、現在「醤油だんご」として各地に残るものは商品化しているため、蒸したままの柔らかい団子に生醤油をつけたものや、焼きながら醤油をつけたもの、あるいは、磯辺餅に似たものなど、既に古い製法からの変化が見られる。
- However, since 'soy sauce dumplings' that have remained in various districts are merchandised nowadays, there are variety of recipes that have changed from the old recipe, such as, dipping hot steamed dumplings into raw soy sauce, roasting and dipping dumplings into soy sauce, and something similar to Isobe rice cake.
- 江戸時代以降は皇族・貴族以外の男性の間では殆ど廃絶、又、悪臭や手間、そして老けた感じになることが若い女性から敬遠されたこともあって既婚女性、未婚でも18~20才以上の女性、及び、遊女、芸妓の化粧として定着した。
- Since the Edo period, it was almost abolished among men other than the royalty and the aristocrats, moreover, young women refrained from this practice because it was stinky, time-consuming, and made them feel aged, therefore it became a form of make-up exclusively used by married women, single women above 18 or 20, prostitutes or geishas.
- 嘉靖36年(日本の永禄元年/1558年)、大友氏の使僧とともに寧波に送り返されたものの、既に楊宜は趙文華・胡宗憲らによって失脚させられており、却って捕えられて四川省に配流されて7年間にわたって牢に押し込められた。
- When Cheng Shun-kung returned to Ningpo, China together with an envoy monk of the Otomo clan, 楊宜 had already lost his position by 趙文華 and 胡宗憲 -- On the contrary, Cheng Shun-kung was arrested and exiled to Sichuan and imprisoned there for seven years.
- 既に河内国の領内を本拠としていないにも関わらず「河内源氏」と呼称し続けることに対しての疑問もあり、源頼朝のように史料上明らかに河内に本拠を構えたことのない人物まで河内源氏と括ることへの違和感があるのは確かである。
- Questions are raised on calling them 'Kawachi-Genji' despite the fact that they were no longer based on the manor of Kawachi Province, and it is, indeed, unreasonable that those who were apparently never based in Kawachi according to historical materials, such as MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, are included in Kawachi-Genji.
- 前項の規定による禁止の命令(以下「包括的禁止命令」という。)が発せられた場合には、再生債務者の財産に対して既にされている再生債権に基づく強制執行等の手続は、再生手続開始の申立てにつき決定があるまでの間、中止する。
- Where a prohibition order under the provision of the preceding paragraph (hereinafter referred to as a 'comprehensive prohibition order') is issued, the procedure for compulsory execution based on a rehabilitation claim, etc. already initiated against the rehabilitation debtor's property shall be stayed until an order is made on the petition for commencement of rehabilitation proceedings.
- 既に明治43年(1910年)華屋與兵衛の子孫、小泉清三郎著『家庭鮓のつけかた』には、ハム(またはコールドミート)を使ってコショウをふった巻き寿司があり、江戸前寿司(早寿司)は様々な材料を受け入れやすい素地があった。
- 'How to Make Home-Made Sushi' written in 1910 by Seizaburo KOIZUMI who was a descendent of Yohe HANAYA already introduced peppered Maki-zushi using ham (or cold meat) as a filling, and Edomae-zushi (Haya-zushi) had an aptitude for accepting various kinds of foodstuffs.
- 既に明治43年(1910年)華屋與兵衛の子孫、小泉清三郎著『家庭鮓のつけかた』には、ハム(またはコールドミート)を使ってコショウをふった巻きずしがあり、江戸前ずし(早ずし)は様々な材料を受け入れやすい素地があった。
- In 'How to make sushi at home' written in 1910 by Seizaburo KOIZUMI, a descendant of Yohei HANAYA, the maki-zushi using ham (or cold meat) seasoned with pepper was introduced, which description means that Edomae-zushi (quick sushi) essentially welcomes various ingredients.
- 何人も、第四条第一項本文若しくは第二項本文の規定の適用を受ける有価証券又は既に開示された有価証券の募集又は売出しのために、虚偽の記載があり、又は記載すべき内容の記載が欠けている第一項の目論見書を使用してはならない。
- No person shall use a Prospectus referred to in paragraph (1) which contains any fake statement or lacks any statement that should be stated, for the purpose of Public Offering or Secondary Distribution of Securities that is subject to the main clause of Article 4(1) or the main clause of Article 4(2) or Already Disclosed Securities.
- この頃既に茶道の世界において形式化が進みつつあったことへの反発に加え、煎茶自体が当時最新の中国文化であったことなどから、形式にとらわれずに煎茶を飲みながら清談を交わすいわゆる「煎茶趣味」が文人の間で急速に広まった。
- In addition to the fact that there were adverse sentiments against sado that advanced its formalization at the time, as sencha itself was one of the newest Chinese cultures then, so-called 'sencha shumi' (sencha preference) rapidly prevailed among men of literature in style when they did not care much about the form and rules of behavior and exchanged conversation of rectitude over a cup of sencha.
- 明は日本(幕府)に倭寇の取り締まりを求め、幕府も公船で貿易を行ない、私貿易を禁止すれば、既存の民間貿易の利得を幕府側で一手に引き受けることが可能になるという目論見から、勘合符を用いる貿易が推し進められることとなった。
- As the Ming dynasty required Japan (that is, the bakufu [Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun]) to crack down on the wako, the bakufu continued to trade using official ships and prohibited private foreign trade in the hope that they could exercise total control over existing profits from private foreign trade; thus, trade using Kangofu was implemented.
- 前項前段の場合において、既に発行された投資証券を有する投資主は、当該投資証券を投資法人に提出して、その所持を希望しない旨を申し出ることができる。この場合においては、当該投資法人に提出された当該投資証券は、無効とする。
- In the case referred to in the first sentence of the preceding paragraph, an Investor who holds Investment Securities which have already been issued may submit said Investment Securities to the Investment Corporation and report to the effect that he/she does not wish to hold such Investment Securities. In this case, the Investment Securities submitted to the Investment Corporation shall be invalid.
- 後には石灯籠が夜の茶会の照明として据えられるようになるほか庭に使われる手水鉢や灯籠は、新しくつくるよりは既存のものが好まれ、また廃絶や改修で不要となる橋脚や墓石などが茶人に見立てられ、庭の重要な景として導入されていく。
- Later Ishi-doro (stone lantern) was installed as a light for evening tea parties, the existing Chozubachi and Toro (a garden lantern) used for gardens were preferred to the new creation, and bridge piers, gravestones, and others that no longer needed due to abolition or improvement were reused by the masters of tea ceremony, which were introduced as an important view in the garden.
- 律令国家・国衙の援助で広大な未開地を設定して開発する、自墾地系荘園(じこんちけいしょうえん)は地方に多く、すでに熟田化した墾田を買得・相博・譲与・寄進などで集積した、既墾地系荘園(きこんちけいしょうえん)は畿内に多い。
- There were many Jikonchi Kei Shoen in rural areas, in which vast wastelands were defined in order to develop the land with the aid of the Kokuga under the ritsuryo code, while, in the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara), there were many Kikonchi Ke Shoen, which were collected through purchase, exchange, transfer, and donation of well-cultivated rice fields called Konata.
- 『日本書紀』の記述が正しいとして、常識的に考えれば、多くの資材を投入して防衛のための付属施設である水城等が建設されたとされる664年には、既に本体である都城は存在し、資材を投入するに足りる発展を遂げていたと考えられる。
- On the assumption that the description of the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) is correct, and based upon common sense, Miyakonojo which served as the central function, was constructed and developed enough for materials to be applied before 664 when many materials were put to construct affiliated facilities including mizu-shiro (castles on lakes or marshes for defensive purposes) for defense.
- 1960年代までは、新成人は半数以上が既に社会に出ている勤労青少年だったが、1970年代以降、大学進学者(進学率)の増加や中卒・高卒就職者の減少から、新成人全体に占める在学者の割合も年々増加しており、現在に至っている。
- Although until 1960s, more than half of the new adults were working youths who had already entered the business world, in and after 1970s, the proportion of students to the total number new adults has been increasing even now due to an increase in the number of people going to university (university advancement rate) and decrease in the number of people finding work after finishing junior high school or high school.
- 千五郎家には正虎が江戸での修行時代に家元より拝領した虎寛本系の台本があるにはあったが、既に時代も変わり、実際の千五郎家の狂言とは細部においてかなり違いが生じていたので、千五郎家の証本を新たに作り直す必要があったのである。
- The Sengoro family had scripts of Torahiro-bon (scripts written by Torahiro) that was gifted from the head family of the Kyogen school during Masatora's apprenticeship in Edo (present Tokyo), however, the times had changed and there were considerable differences in detail between these scripts and those of the Sengoro family, so it was required to newly rewrite the original scripts for the Sengoro family.
- 中国の正史・『隋書』「」には、「」(その俗(中略)自餘は軽重をもって(中略)あるいは杖す)とあり俀國(倭国)において7世紀初頭には既に杖罪が存在していた事が記されており、その起源は少なくとも6世紀にまで遡れるようである。
- The beginning of flogging can at least be traced back to the sixth century, because there is a record in China's official history book Suisho (The Book of the Sui Dynasty) which says 'in this world (…) otherwise depending on the severity (…) they get flogged', which shows that this kind of punishment existed in Yamato (Japan) at the beginning of the seventh century.
- 注文者が破産手続開始の決定を受けたときは、請負人又は破産管財人は、契約の解除をすることができる。この場合において、請負人は、既にした仕事の報酬及びその中に含まれていない費用について、破産財団の配当に加入することができる。
- In cases where the party ordering work is subject to a ruling for the commencement of bankruptcy procedures, the contractor or the trustee in bankruptcy may cancel the contract. In such cases, the contractor may participate in the distribution of the bankrupt estate with respect to remuneration for the work already performed and any costs not included in that remuneration.
- 商号の登記は、その商号が他人の既に登記した商号と同一であり、かつ、その営業所(会社にあつては、本店。以下この条において同じ。)の所在場所が当該他人の商号の登記に係る営業所の所在場所と同一であるときは、することができない。
- With regard to the registration of a trade name, if a trade name for which a registration was filed is identical to that already registered by any other party and if the location of the applicant's business office (in the case of a company, its head office; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) is the same as the location of such other party's business office for which the trade name has been registered, such registration shall not be made.
- 翌昭和17年(1942年)、既存の武徳会は改組され会長に東條英機内閣総理大臣、副会長に厚生省・文部省・陸軍省・海軍省・内務省 (日本)の各大臣と学識経験者1名をそれぞれ招き、理事長に民間人、各支部長には各地の知事をあてた。
- In 1942, the existing Butoku Kai was reorganized with Prime Minister Hideki TOJO as its chairman, the ministers of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Education, Ministry of the Army, Ministry of the Navy, Ministry of the Interior and an academic expert as vice-chairmen, a private citizen as administrative director, and governors of the region as the heads of the branches.
- その後も京都奪回を目指すが、南朝の力は既に弱体化しており、足利義満征夷大将軍就任後の1368年(正平23年 / 応安元年)3月11日 (旧暦)に御座所にしていた住吉大社宮司の津守氏の住吉行宮(大阪市住吉区)にて崩御(死去)。
- They continued trying to recover Kyoto, but the Southern Court's power was already weakened, and on April 6, 1368 (old calendar), the Emperor demised at an Imperial chamber, Sumiyoshi-Angu (Sumiyoshi Ward, Osaka City) of Tsumori clan, the chief priest of Sumiyoshitaisha Shrine.
- 鎌倉時代前期までは、公家の子弟が分家することによって新たな「家」が生み出されることが行われてきたが、後期に入ると経済的理由などから分割が困難となり、既存の家領の継承を巡って嫡子と庶子の争いなど各種の訴訟が生じるようになった。
- Although until the first stage of the Kamakura period new 'families' were produced as their young people established branch families, in the latter stage making new branch families became difficult due to economic factors and so forth; various suits arose, including ones between a legitimate child and a child born out of wedlock in regard to the succession of existing estates.
- 同社製の越中褌は三越が「クラシックパンツ」と命名したと言われる以前から同名で販売しており、その頃既に包装紙に「クラシックパンツ」と記載されていることから、「クラシックパンツ」の名称が「三越」で命名されたとの説には疑問が残る。
- Ecchu fundoshi made by the said company had been sold by the name 'Classic Pants' since before Mitsukoshi was said to have named them so, and in those days the name 'Classic Pants' had already been printed on the wrapping paper, and therefore, there remains question about the opinion that 'Classic Pants' is a name which 'Mitsukoshi' gave.
- かつては古文書類も「書跡・典籍」の部に含まれていたが、1985年(昭和60年)度から「書跡・典籍」の部と「古文書」の部は別個に指定されるようになり、既指定物件についても「書跡・典籍」と「古文書」とにあらためて区分されている。
- At one time the category 'Ancient Documents' was included as a subcategory of 'Calligraphy and Books,' but beginning in 1985, 'Calligraphy and Books' and 'Ancient Documents' were separated into two distinct categories; this new distinction was then retroactively applied to all the items formerly designated national treasures, putting each into either the 'Calligraphy and Books' or the 'Ancient Documents' category.
- なお、餅粥の由来については不明な点が多いが、『小野宮年中行事』には弘仁式主水司に既に記載されていたと記され、宇多天皇は自らが寛平年間に民間の風習を取り入れて宮中に導入したと記している(『宇多天皇宸記』寛平2年2月30日条)。
- There are many questions regarding the origin of Mochi-gayu, but 'Ononomiyanenjugyoji' (the precedents for annual events of Ononomiya) says that Mochi-gayu was already mentioned at Shusuishi (water office in charge of acquiring water and cooking porridge) in the Konin-shiki Code; moreover, Emperor Uda wrote that he introduced the folk custom into the imperial court during the Kanbyo era ('Udotennoshinki (the diary of Emperor Uda),' February 30, 890).
- これに対する批判として、真言律宗は薬師寺・西大寺_(奈良市)や諸国の国分寺などの南都仏教寺院及びその系列をそのまま継承しており、奈良時代の行基などと同様の南都仏教における既成体制内での動きに過ぎない、とする意見も出されている。
- Some people criticize that as the Shingon-ritsu sect directly succeeded to the temples of Nanto Bukkyo and to its branch temples such as Yakushi-ji Temple, Saidai-ji Temple (Nara City) and provincial monasteries of various provinces, and it was merely a movement of Nanto Bukkyo under the conventional system as were the movement in the Nara period including the activities by Gyoki.
- なお、七条村西塩小路は大正7年下京区に編入され、西塩小路石井町、西塩小路久保町の2町となったが、昭和35年に西塩小路石井町は西七条石井町に改称(既述)、西塩小路久保町は同年廃止された(「久保」の地名は西七条東・西久保町に継承)。
- Nishi Shiokoji in Shichijo village was incorporated into Shimogyo Ward in 1918 and became Nishi Shiokoji Ishii-cho and Nishi Shiokoji Kubo-cho; in 1960, however, Nishi Shiokoji Ishii-cho was changed to Nishi Shichijo Ishii-cho (described above) and Nishi Shiokoji Kubo-cho was abolished in the same year (the name 'Kubo' was succeeded by Nishi Shichijo Higashikubo-cho and Nishi Shichijo Nishikubo-cho).
- 東北地方は度重なる冷害、飢饉にあえいだ一方で鉱山が多く金属資源は潤沢であったことから、幕末期に盛岡藩および久保田藩を中心に銀判および當百文銅銭および鉛銭など、数多くの貨幣が密鋳されたが、幕府には既にそれを取り締まる力はなかった。
- The Tohoku region suffered from cold-weather damage by the cold-weather and famine repeatedly, but on the other hand, there were many mines in the region and metal resources were abundant, so at the end of the Edo period, the Morioka Domain and the Kubota Domain secretly minted many coins of silver, copper, and lead without a permission from the bakufu because the bakufu no longer had enough power to control these activities.
- 裁判所は、外国倒産処理手続の承認の申立てがされた場合において、既に承認の決定がされた同一の債務者についての他の外国倒産処理手続の承認援助手続があるときは、次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合にも、当該申立てを棄却しなければならない。
- Where a petition for recognition of foreign insolvency proceedings is filed, if there exist recognition and assistance proceedings in relation to other foreign insolvency proceedings against the same debtor for which orders of recognition have already been issued, the court shall also dismiss the petition with prejudice on the merits if any of the following items applies:
- また方便として隔歴(かくれき)あるいは歴劫(りゃっこう)修行を説いて戒律などを守るように扶け、(『法華経』で既に説いた)仏性の常住不滅を聞いても、自分は仏と同じであるという邪見に堕ちないようにした教えが『涅槃経』である、という。
- Also, 'Nehan-gyo' is the teaching to prevent people from being trapped by a wrong idea that he/she is the same as Buddha when he/she listens to eternity of bussho (which is already taught in 'Hoke-kyo Sutra' (the Lotus Sutra)) by preaching kakureki or ryakko (a lapse of kalpa) practices to help people adhere to precepts as a means.
- 卑弥呼の没したとされる近辺に、247年3月24日と248年9月5日の2回、北部九州で皆既日食がおきた可能性があることが天文学上の計算より明らかになっている(大和でも日食は観測されたが北九州ほどはっきりとは見られなかったとされる)。
- Astronomical calculations have confirmed that total solar eclipses could have occurred on March 24, 247, and September 5, 248, in the vicinity of northern Kyushu where Himiko died (solar eclipses were observed in Yamato, but it is considered that they were not as clear as those in Kyushu).
- 一方関東地方や東北、九州南部などの地域においては、既に中央の統制下から離れた状態のまま、各地域内部において有力武家間の大規模な紛争が発生しており、この戦いとは全く無関係に戦乱状態に突入していた(関東については享徳の乱を参照のこと)。
- On the other hand, in some regions including Kanto, Tohoku and Southern Kyushu, large-scale conflicts had already begun among influential samurai families within individual territories already out of central control, and these areas were already in a state of war irrespective of the battle in and around the capital region (for further information on Kanto, see the article on Kyotoku Incident).
- 一族についても、次男の源義賢と孫の源義平の対立等内輪揉めが絶えず、前述の久安6年(1154年)年の解官・隠居で既に下野守などに任官した長男、源義朝が家督を次ぐとますます多くの源氏与党の人心は彼から離れ、才幹豊かな義朝に靡いてしまう。
- The clan was incessantly beset by internal feuds like the one between his second son, MINAMOTO no Yoshikata, and his grandchild, MINAMOTO no Yoshihira, and once he was removed from office and forced to retire in 1154 (as stated earlier) and his first son, MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, who had been appointed Governor of Shimotsuke Province, took over as the head of the family, other Minamoto clan leaders increasingly switched their support to the more capable and competent Yoshitomo.
- 現代では冗談半分で、『源氏物語』と純愛もののアダルトゲームやハーレムアニメとのストーリーの類似性が指摘されることがあるが、「『源氏物語』は猥書であり、子供に読ませてはならない」という論旨の文章は、既に室町時代や江戸時代に存在している。
- Today, a similarity between 'The Tale of Genji,' games for adults with pure love stories, and harem cartoons has been jokingly pointed out, but in the Muromachi and Edo periods there already existed articles asserting that ''The Tale of Genji' was an obscene book, so people shouldn't let children read it.'
- この時期の銀の市場価格の変動は大きくまた下落傾向が顕著であった為、そして、その当時世界経済の主導的地位を占めていたイギリスが既に金本位制に転じていた為、銀本位制諸国は深刻な影響をうけ、19世紀の終りにはほとんどの国が金本位制に転じた。
- Since fluctuation of market value of silver during this period was significant and tended to decline remarkably and the United Kingdom, which led the world economy around that time, already shifted to the gold standard, countries which adopted silver standard were seriously affected, so most of the countries shifted to the gold standard in the end of the nineteenth century.
- そうした雰囲気もあって、日本統治時代に様々な近代化が行われたことを認めつつも、近代化の萌芽は李氏朝鮮の時代に既に存在しており、日本による統治はそれらの萌芽を破壊することで、結果的には近代化を阻害したとする近代化萌芽論が独立後に現れた。
- Under those circumstances, the modernization germination theory, arguing modernization had already germinated in the Yi Dynasty Korea period, and the Japanese rule destroyed the germination, resulting in the impeded modernization, appeared after Korea's independence in spite of recognizing that the various modernization during the Japanese rule.
- そこで旧来の法令に欠けている分野を補完する目的で江戸幕府や諸藩の中で明王朝で使われた明律の研究が始められた(中国では既に清の時代に入っていたが、明の法律文献が多く日本に伝来していたことや清律も明律をほぼ踏襲していた事が影響している。)。
- Therefore, in order to supplement the areas lacking in traditional law, research on the Ming code, used in the Ming dynasty, began within the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and various clans (China was already in the Qing period, but many Ming legal documents were introduced in Japan and the Qing code mostly succeeded the Ming code).
- 「クラシックパンツ」の呼称は三越が命名したと言われる以前(1963年(昭和38年)頃)から、コミック・コントを手掛けた音楽バンドのドンキーカルテットが、舞台コント上でメンバーの一人であるジャイアント吉田によって既に取り上げられてもいた。
- Before Mitsukoshi was said to name it a 'Classic Pants' around 1963, the name had already been used in a comic short play by Giant YOSHIDA, a member of Donkey Quartet, a musical band that performed a comic skit.
- 語義については、高崎正秀が後に引く折口信夫の師説を援用して「魂の宿る詞章」と説明するが、既にふれたように、「枕詞」という用語自体が中世以降のものであることを考慮すれば、歌の一番初めに来るので、前書きの意味での「枕」に近いものと思われる。
- The meaning of the term is described as 'a verse in which a spirit dwells' by Masahide TAKASAKI based on his master Shinobu ORIKUCHI's opinion, about which we have talked above, but when we consider that the very term 'makurakotoba' came into existence after the medieval period, it is thought to be akin to a 'makura' (literally a 'pillow'), which means a preface, since it is positioned at the head of a poem.
- 灌漑施設(溝や池)を新設して墾田を行った場合は、三世(本人・子・孫、又は子・孫・曾孫)までの所有を許し、既設の灌漑施設(古い溝や池を改修して使用可能にした場合)を利用して墾田を行った場合は、開墾者本人一世の所有を許す、というものである。
- It says that when a man cultivates new rice fields by building new irrigation facilities (ditches or ponds), he is allowed to own the land for three generations (the person himself - his children - grandchildren, or his children – grandchildren - great grandchildren); when he cultivates new rice fields by using existing irrigation facilities (when he repairs old ditches or ponds and makes them usable), he is allowed to own the land for his own generation.
- 当時、後継候補者として伏見宮貞敬親王・閑院宮美仁親王と美仁の弟・祐宮師仁親王の3人がいたが、先帝の遺児・欣子内親王を新帝の妃にするという構想から既婚の美仁親王が候補から消え、残り2人のうち近衛内前は貞敬親王を九条尚実は師仁親王を推薦した。
- At that time, there were three candidates for succession to the Imperial Throne—Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadayoshi, Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Haruhito and Haruhito's younger brother, Imperial Prince Sachinomiya Morohito—but since it was decided that the former Emperor's daughter, Princess Yoshiko, would become the Empress, Prince Haruhito was ruled out as a candidate because he was already married; consequently, Uchisaki NOKOE recommended Prince Sadayoshi and Naozane KUJO recommended Prince Morohito out of the two remaining candidates.
- 最澄の悲願は大乗戒壇の設立であり、大乗戒を授けた者を天台宗の菩薩僧と認め、12年間比叡山に籠って修行させるという構想によって、律宗の鑑真(688年 - 763年)がもたらした小乗戒の戒壇院を独占する南都仏教の既得権益との対立を深めていた。
- Saicho's earnest desire was to establish the building of Daijo-Kaidan (Mahayana ordination center) and those who received Mahayana precepts were admitted as the bodhisattva priest of Tendai sect and they secluded themselves at Mt. Hiei and underwent ascetic training there for twelve years, and due to this scheme he came into conflict with vested interests of Nanto Buddhism which dominated Kaidan-in of the commandment of Theravada Buddhism brought by Ganjin (Jianzhen) (688 – 763) in Ritsu sect.
- しかしこの前年の1932年3月に吉本興業が「吉本興業合名会社」として改組された際に、営業品目の一つとして「漫才」の表記が既に使われていることなどから、「漫才」の名付け親は橋本ではなく、当時同社の総支配人だった林正之助であるとする説もある。
- However, some people believe that the person who started using the kanji '漫才' to describe manzai was actually Shonosuke HAYASHI, the general manager of Yoshimoto Kogyo at the time, rather than HASHIMOTO since the kanji '漫才' had been already used as one of the business line of Yoshimoto Kogyo in March 1932, when Yoshimoto Kogyo changes its name to Yoshimoto Kogyo Gomei Kaisha.
- が、現在では青森県教育庁発行の報告書にも「なお、一時公的な報告書や論文などでも引用されることがあった『東日流外三郡誌』については、捏造された偽書であるという評価が既に定着している。」と記載されるなど、偽書であるとの認識は一般的になっている。
- However, at present, the following view is established and even a report issued by the Agency of Education of Aomori Prefecture cited; ''Tsugaru Sangun-shi,' which was used for a while as a reference in public reports or academic articles, is concluded to be a falsified document.' and thus this document is commonly recognized as an apocryphal book.
- 公開買付者は、前条第一項から第四項までの規定により訂正届出書を提出した場合には、直ちに、内閣府令で定めるところにより、公開買付説明書を訂正し、かつ、既に公開買付説明書を交付している者に対して、訂正した公開買付説明書を交付しなければならない。
- A Tender Offeror shall, when he/she submits an amendment under the provisions of paragraph (1) to (4) inclusive of the preceding Article, amend the Tender Offer Statement without delay pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance and shall deliver the amended Tender Offer Statement to the person to which the Tender Offer Statement has already been delivered.
- 既に、前項本文に規定する事項を記載した有価証券報告書又は第二十四条の四の七第一項若しくは第二項の規定による四半期報告書のうち同条第一項に規定する事項を記載したもの若しくは第二十四条の五第一項に規定する事項を記載した半期報告書を提出している者
- a person who has already submitted an Annual Securities Report which contains descriptions on the matters set forth in the main clause of the preceding paragraph, or a Quarterly Securities Report which contains descriptions on the matters set forth in Article 24-4-7(1) under Article 24-4-7(1) or (2) or a Semiannual Securities Reports which contains descriptions on the matters set forth in Article 24-5(1); and
- 都心では屋台街が古くから存在している地域が日本各地に見られたが、既得権と道路使用や道路占有の問題や食品衛生法や電力、給排水の供給や路上を汚すといった問題などから、万博や世界選手権大会などが開催される地域で、それを契機に排除してきた事実がある。
- In inner-cities, there were various areas in Japan where yatai-gai existed for hundreds of years, but because of vested rights, road-use, and road-occupancy issues, as well as issues regarding the Food Sanitation Act, electricity supply, the supply and drainage of water and street pollution, they were in fact eliminated in areas where expositions and world championships were held, using them as an impetus to have them removed.
- 季節物の販売も多く、蓮の葉商いの傾向も強いが市や祭事の門前町などの街商は場所代や既得権が必要であったが、棒手振は歩き売りという形を取っていたのが街商などとの差異であり、また季節物ではない代表的なものとして、夜鳴き蕎麦屋や鮨屋などがあげられる。
- Botefuri sold a lot of seasonal goods, so-called Hasunohaakinai (trade of lotus leaves, which means a dealing with seasonal goods), by slowly cruising the neighborhood, which differed from stallholders who did their businesses in bazaar, festivals, or in temple towns by paying for their places and for the right to carry on their businesses; and also, some of monouri like Yonaki-soba vendors (merchants vending soba at night) and Sushi vendors sold items nothing to do with the season.
- 3つの形態に分かれた機構を共通にしようとすれば既に中央政府から派遣された官吏によって統治される形式が採られていた「府」・「県」とは違い、知藩事と藩士によって治められた「藩」の異質性・自主性が「三治一致」の最大の障害となることは明らかであった。
- In unifying three different systems, it was obvious that the different nature of 'han', which were governed by chihanji and hanshi unlike 'fu' and 'ken' that were governed by the government officials, became the biggest obstacle for 'sanchi-icchi'.
- その際、既に内地に施行されていた大日本帝国憲法(以下、単に「憲法」という)の効力がその後に統治権を取得した地域に対しても及ぶかという形式的な問題(具体的には、外地の立法につき憲法5条の規定により帝国議会の協賛が必要か否かという問題)が生じた。
- At that time, a formal question arose about whether the Constitution of the Empire of Japan (hereinafter referred to as 'the Constitution'), which had been enforced in the inland, could be applied to the regions where Japan acquired sovereignty after the enforcement of the Constitution (More specifically, the question is about whether the legislation of Gaichi needed the consent of the Imperial Diet in accordance with Article 5 of the Constitution).
- 保全命令を発した裁判所は、債務者の申立てにより、債権者に対し、相当と認める一定の期間内に、本案の訴えを提起するとともにその提起を証する書面を提出し、既に本案の訴えを提起しているときはその係属を証する書面を提出すべきことを命じなければならない。
- A court that has issued a temporary restraining order shall, upon the petition of the obligor, order the obligee to, within a certain period of time that it finds to be reasonable, file an action on the merits and submit a document certifying the filing of the action, and if the obligee has already filed an action on the merits, order him/her to submit a document certifying that the action is pending before court.
- 米国は国内世論の高まりなどを受けて協議に復帰したが、現在の枠組みに反発し条約改正を視野に交渉に臨む日本・米国・ロシア・オーストラリアなどと、既存の枠組みを進め先進国主導の削減を訴える EU などとの間の対立構造が形成されつつあると指摘されている。
- America has come back to the conference because of the upsurge of domestic public opinion, however, the following issue of conflict between America and other developed countries is pointed out: America, while objecting to the present framework, opposes to Japan, Russia, Australia and so on, which negotiate for the treaty revision, and also opposes to EU, which aims to promote the present framework and to reduce the emissions led by developed countries.
- また、キリスト教やイスラム教、そして仏教問わず、いかなる宗教でも、始まった当初は周囲の偏見や既存の他宗教などから異端視され、多少なりとも迫害された歴史が物語ることや、そこに事実・無実問わず噂話や情報が混入されていく傾向はどの宗教にもあることである。
- It is true that any new religion will initially be treated with prejudice or will be seen as an enemy by other religions, and there is a history of persecution, regardless of whether it's Christianity, Islam or Buddhism, and every religion seems to have rumor or some true or false information attached to it.
- 編纂に当たっては「弘仁格」・貞観格に既出のもの、編纂当時に廃止されていたものは掲載せず、文章が長すぎるものは削り、以前の格で内容が不十分あるいは不明確であったものは書き加え、更に一部が使われていない場合には該当部分を削除するなどの修正が施されている。
- In compiling the new collection, such corrections were made as excluding items already taken up in Koninkyaku or Jogyankyaku and those already abolished at the time of compilation, shortening too long sentences, supplementing insufficient or unclear statements in any earlier Kyaku and, where some rules were partially out of use, clearing the pertinent rules of those unused parts.
- それはおかしい、お前が遣いにいった先で囲碁に熱中するあまり、売り上げをそっくりそのまま忘れてきてしまったものを、先方は既に届けてくれて金はここにある、一体どこから、また別の五十両が現れたのかと、主人が問いただすと、文七はことの顛末を、慌てて白状する。
- The master incredulously asked him where he obtained fifty ryo, presenting him another fifty ryo, which was turned in to his place after it had been left in the place where Bunshichi went to collect the money and was so absorbed in Igo (board game of capturing territory), and Bunshichi hurriedly confessed the whole story.
- 二ノ足(足金物の内中央寄りの方)と鞘尻の石突金物との間には責金が一つ入るのが基本的な形式で、これは古墳時代晩期の蕨手刀等に既に見られる形式であり、下っては江戸時代の半太刀(はんだち太刀風の金具を用いた打刀拵)や昭和初期の太刀風の軍刀にまで踏襲された。
- The basic style features a semegane fitting mounted between the ninoashi (ashikanamono around the scabbard center) and ishitsuki fitting (end cap), which is a style already seen in warabite and other swords in the late kofun period and inherited to the Edo period in handachi (koshirae employing handachi [transitive style between curved swords to straight swords]-style fittings) and the early Showa period in tachi-style military swords.
- 実際にはこの「国境」を越えた清朝領域に越境した朝鮮人が多数に上ったため、彼らをどう保護するかという問題とも絡んで、この後大韓帝国となっても清朝との国境線画定の話し合いは断続的に行われたが、豆満江・鴨緑江を国境線とすることが次第に既成事実化していった。
- Actually, there were a number of Korean people who crossed the border, then negotiations between Korea and the Qing dynasty were held regarding protection of the Koreans even after Korea became the Korean empire, and the borders of the Tumen river and the Yalu river gradually became an accomplished fact.
- 京の伝統野菜(きょうのでんとうやさい)とは、京都府によって認定された野菜の品目の事で、1987年(昭和62年)の認定開始以来、現在まで41品目の野菜が認定されており、その中には、京の伝統野菜に準じる野菜の品目や、既に絶滅しまった野菜の品目も含まれる。
- Traditional vegetables of Kyo (another name for Kyoto Prefecture) refers to the crops of vegetables that have been certified by the Kyoto Prefecture since the certification began in 1987, and 41 crops of vegetables have been certified so far, including those that are almost equivalent to traditional vegetables of Kyo, and those that are already extinct.
- このように家康は小判を基軸とする「両」の貨幣単位による通貨の全国統一を理想としたが、四進法の計算の煩雑性、実質を重視する観点などから秤量銀貨を使用する商人の力は依然として強大で権力で抑えるまでには至らず、既存の体系を其のまま踏襲する形となったとされる。
- Like that, Ieyasu's ideal was the unification of the currency of the whole country using currency unit'Ryo' based on Koban, however, he was forced to follow the existing system due to cumbersome calculation of quaternary and powerful merchants who used a silver-by-weight standard for real value reasons who couldn't be supressed by authority.
- 彼らは水雷の製造者で、日本海軍を攻撃する意図をもって、中国政府との契約により渡中する旨の報がつたえられたから、日本官憲は、同船を臨検したところ、2名は既に、フランスと極北諸港間の航路に就航するフランス船シドニー号に移乗し、神戸経由上海に行こうとしていた。
- Because Japanese officials found out that these two were producers of underwater mines and had an intention of attacking Japanese Navy by their contract with Chinese government, they conducted a search on the vessel, only to find out that the two were already aboard a French vessel, Sydney, bounded for Shanghai via Kobe.
- また5月15日に金澤貞顕が、同じ金沢文庫・称名寺の明忍に送った書状にも、次のように記されている、「殊に京兆(北条時村)の事、誤って夭(わざわい)に逢われ候の条、歎かざるべからず候か、然れども造意既に露顕の上は、天下定めて無為に属さしめ候か...」とある。
- In addition, the letter that Sadaaki KANESAWA sent to the same Myonin at Shomyo-ji Temple in Kanazawabunko included the following description: I wonder whether I should grieved for Keicho (Tokimura HOJO) in particular because he had been killed by mistake, or nothing should be done for it, however, now that an intrigue by Tokimura had been revealed.
- しかし、当時既に開設されていた電信によりいち早く彼らの蜂起とその規模を知った政府は、一部汽車をも利用して警察隊・憲兵 (日本軍)等を送り込むが苦戦し、最終的には東京鎮台の鎮台兵を送り郡境を抑えたため、11月4日に秩父困民党指導部は事実上崩壊、鎮圧された。
- However, the government, getting information on their uprising and its scale instantaneously by telegram that had already been in use at that time, sent a troop of police and military police (Japanese Army) partially by train only to face uphill fights, but finally soldiers in Tokyo Chindai Army (garrison in Meiji period) brought the county boundary under their control, leading the leaders of the Konmin Party to the collapse and subjugation on November 4.
- 既に文書(前項の書面を含む。)又は電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によっては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であって、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。)によりその相手方に通知されている事項と同一の内容を求めるもの
- Administrative Guidance that seeks, in content, matters that the subject party has already been notified of in writing (including documents set forth in the preceding paragraph) or electromagnetic record (a record made by an electronic method, a magnetic method, or any other method not recognizable to human senses, which is used in information processing by computers).
- 内閣総理大臣は、第四項第一号又は前項第一号に掲げる事由により指定適格消費者団体に係る指定を取り消し、又は既に取り消しているときは、当該指定適格消費者団体の承継していた差止請求権を承継すべき適格消費者団体として他の適格消費者団体を新たに指定するものとする。
- When the Prime Minister rescinds or has already rescinded the designation of a designated qualified consumer organization for any of the reasons provided for in item (i) of para. (4) or item (i) of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister shall designate another qualified consumer organization as a qualified consumer organization to succeed the right to demand an injunction succeeded by said designated qualified consumer organization.
- 受訴裁判所は、執行文付与に対する異議の訴え又は請求異議の訴えについての終局判決において、前条第一項に規定する処分を命じ、又は既にした同項の規定による裁判を取り消し、変更し、若しくは認可することができる。この裁判については、仮執行の宣言をしなければならない。
- The court in charge of the case may, in the final judgment on an action to oppose a grant of a certificate of execution or an action to oppose execution, order the dispositions prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article or revoke, change or approve a judicial decision under the provisions of said paragraph that has already been made. The court shall make a declaration of provisional execution for this judicial decision.
- また、鑑真和上が将来した小乗戒を授ける戒壇院を独占する奈良仏教に対して、大乗戒壇を設立し、大乗戒を受戒した者を天台宗の僧侶と認め、菩薩僧として12年間比叡山に籠山して学問・修行を修めるという革新的な最澄の構想は、既得権益となっていた奈良仏教と対立を深めた。
- His innovative initiatives to establish Daijo kaidan, recognize monks who received Daijokai (the commandment of Mahayana Buddhism) as Tendai Sect monks and train them as Bosatsuso (priests of Mahayana Buddhism) by containing them in Mt. Hiei for 12 years deepened the confrontation between Nara Buddhism, which monopolized, due to vested interests, and Kaidan-in which were authorized to grant Shojokai (commandments of Theravada Buddhism) brought by Ganjin Wajo.
- だが、逆に国粋主義の流れを汲みこの動きを国内における危機と見た人々は既に1900年に近衛篤麿が結成していた国民同盟会(1902年解散)の流れを汲む諸派に結集して、国家主義の強化と国民への統制強化によって国民が一致団結して自主・独立を追求すべきであると唱えた。
- However, the people who followed the nationalism and took this movement as a crisis, united the group following the People's Alliance (dissolved in 1902) set up by Atsumaro KONOE in 1900, and they advocated that it was necessary for people to pursue independence with united the nation by strengthening of the nationalism and reinforcement of control over the people.
- お好み焼き専門店では、これら既製品のみならず、ウスターソース(中濃ソース・濃厚ソースなどを含むウスターソース類の総称ではなく、狭義のウスターソース、以下同じ)、とんかつソース、辛口のどろソースなど各種のソースをブレンドして独自の味を作り出していることも多い。
- In okonomiyaki shops, not only these store-bought sauces, but also various kinds such as Worcester sauce (this is not a general term for the Worcester sauce group such as medium thick sauce, thick sauce, but Worcester sauce in a limited sense and are same as the above), Tonkatsu sauce (Japanese Ketchup), spicy Doro sauce (literally translates to 'mud sauce') are often blended to make original flavors.
- 秀吉は、1月17日、寺沢志摩守を通じて玄雅に、「今度大明人蔚山取還之由注進付 而為後巻雖押出候敵引退之由 既に自此方も安芸中納言 増田右衛門 因幡但馬大和紀伊九鬼父子等可取立旨雖被仰付候右之分候間不及是非候 云々」の朱印状とともに、小袖一服、道服一服を与えた。
- On February 22, Hideyoshi sent Terasawa Shima-no-Kami to award Harumasa a letter bearing his seal, along with a kimoto with short sleeves and a set of formal clothes; the letter told Harumasa that 今度大明人蔚山取還之由注進付 而為後巻雖押出候敵引退之由 既に自此方も安芸中納言 増田右衛門 因幡但馬大和紀伊九鬼父子等可取立旨雖被仰付候右之分候間不及是非候 云々
- 奴婢自体は、三国志 (歴史書)魏志倭人伝に卑弥呼が亡くなったとき100人以上の奴婢を一緒に殉葬したと言う記述や、生口と呼ばれる奴隷(または捕虜。異説もある)を魏 (三国)に朝貢したと言う記述が見られるように、少なくとも邪馬台国の時代には既に奴婢は存在していた。
- As shown by a description in Gishiwajinden (literally, an 'Account of the Wa' in 'The History of Wei Dynasty') of Sangokushi (Three Kingdom Saga), that more than 100 Nuhi were buried together as martyr to duty when Himiko (first known ruler of Japan) died, and another description that slaves (or captives; there is another theory) called Seiko were brought to the Wei dynasty (Three States Period) as a tribute, Nuhi itself already existed at least in the period of Yamatai Koku (Yamatai Kingdom).
- 武田氏は後に甲斐源氏の中心氏族となるが、武田姓の名乗りに関しては父の義清は常陸国において既に名乗っていたと言われ(志田諄一『勝田市史』、検討の余地も指摘される)、甲斐武田氏の祖となる清光の子信義が武田八幡宮(山梨県韮崎市)において元服した際に称したと言われる。
- The Takeda family, which is later to become the central force in the Kai-Genji clan, reportedly had the name first claimed by his father Yoshikiyo in Hitachi Province (according to 'The History of Katsuta City' by Junichi SHIDA, although there is room for further study) and was used by Kiyomitsu's son Nobuyoshi, the founder of Kai-Takeda clan, to mark his genpuku, the attainment of manhood ceremony, which was held at Takeda Hachimangu Shrine (Nirasaki City, Yamanashi Prefecture).
- 12世紀に入ると既存の官物率法に代わって、国衙領の公田のみならず、荘園の年貢に対しても一国平均役・御家人役などの形で公租が賦課されるようになり、これらの賦課による貢納物に対しても官物という言葉が用いられるようになり、南北朝時代 (日本)の頃までこの呼称が用いられた。
- In the twelfth century, in place of the previous Kanmotsu rippo, public taxes called Ikkoku heikinyaku (taxes and labor uniformly imposed on shoen manors and provincial lands) and Gokeninnyaku (odd-jobs for vassals) were collected from not only Kokuga owned public fields but also Shoen, and the tithes from these taxes were also called Kanmotsu and this term was used until the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- ちなみに、光謙は昭和19年(1944年)11月29日に死去した、江戸時代の藩主の中でもっとも長寿の人物であった(但し、光謙の時代には既に版籍奉還が行われており、上総請西藩の林忠崇(戊辰戦争で幕府側について改易、昭和16年死去)を「最後の藩主」とするのが通説である)。
- In addition, Mitsunori who died on November 29, 1944 lived longer than any other lord of the domain in the Edo period (however, since the return of lands and people to the emperor was implemented during the era of Mitsunori, it is a popular theory to consider Tadataka HAYASHI of the Jozai Domain, Kazusa Province - he became subject to Kaieki [forfeit rank of Samurai and properties] because he was on the side of the bakufu in the Boshin Civil War, and died in 1941 - as the 'last lord of domain').
- 九州王朝説では、この時期既に新羅等の朝鮮半島の諸国は独自の元号を建てており、半島の盟主を自認していた倭だけが独自の元号を建てることがなかったとは有り得ず、また阿毎多利思北孤などは「日出處天子」と名乗っており「天子」と宣言している以上、元号の制定は当然であるとしている。
- In Kyushu dynasty theory, gengo (era name) was certainly established in that various countries of Korean Peninsula such as Silla established the original gengo, and it is hard to think that Wa who recognized themselves as the leader of the peninsula didn't establish their original gengo, and that `AME no Tarishihoko' referred to himself as `Hiizurutokoronotenshi' declaring that he is `tenshi' (emperor).
- バテレン追放令は、既に豊臣秀吉が発令していたが、鎖国の直接的契機となったのは島原の乱で、キリスト教と一揆(中世の国人一揆と近世の百姓一揆の中間的な性格を持つもの)が結び付いたことにより、その鎮圧が困難であったため、キリスト教の危険性が強く認識されたためであると言われる。
- Although Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI promulgated the edict expelling the European missionaries before, the Shimabara Uprising is said to be the direct trigger for the national isolation policy for the reason that the combination of Christianity and the riot (the intermediate nature between an uprising of powerful local samurai in the medieval period and a peasant's revolt during the early-modern period) turned out to be so difficult to suppress that Christianity was strongly recognized as danderous.
- 執行裁判所は、債務者以外の占有者に対し第一項の規定による決定をする場合には、その者を審尋しなければならない。ただし、事件の記録上その者が買受人に対抗することができる権原により占有しているものでないことが明らかであるとき、又は既にその者を審尋しているときは、この限りでない。
- An execution court shall, in the case of issuing an order under the provisions of paragraph (1) to a possessor other than the obligor, interrogate such person; provided, however, that this shall not apply when it is clear, under the record of the case, that such person does not possess the real property based on a title that may be duly asserted against the purchaser or if the execution court has already interrogated such person.
- そのような疑問の答えは、坐禅修行によって得た悟りを通して各々が自覚する事が最上であるとされ、もし人からこういうものだと教わりうる性質のものであるならば、それは既に意識が自身の内奥ではなく外へ向かっているため、内面の本性に立ち返るという禅宗の本意に反するとされるからである。
- This is because the answer to such a question should be to be aware by oneself individually through the enlightenment gained by mediation, and because what is taught by others goes against the true intention of the Zen sect to return to the inner nature since one's consciousness has already faced outside instead of inside.
- 裁判長は、訴訟関係人のする尋問又は陳述が既にした尋問若しくは陳述と重複するとき、又は事件に関係のない事項にわたるときその他相当でないときは、訴訟関係人の本質的な権利を害しない限り、これを制限することができる。訴訟関係人の被告人に対する供述を求める行為についても同様である。
- The presiding judge may limit any questions or statements by persons concerned with the trial when their questions or statements overlap with previous questions or statements, are irrelevant to the case, or are otherwise inappropriate, insofar as this does not violate the essential rights of those persons. The same shall apply when the accused is questioned by persons concerned in the trial.
- 一方、同時代の記録である藤原行成の日記『権記』には、一条天皇が死の直前に側近の行成に定子が生んだ敦康親王の次期東宮擁立の相談を行ったが、既に道長と深く結んでいた行成は却って天皇に迫って、道長の外孫である彰子が生んだ敦成親王の次期東宮擁立を認めさせという経緯が記述されている。
- On the other hand, there is an account in 'Gonki,' a diary of FUJIWARA no Yukinari which is a record from the same period, that notes that Emperor Ichijo, just prior to his death, consulted with Yukinari about supporting Prince Atsuyasu, whom Teishi/Sadako bore, as the next Crown Prince, but Yukinari, who was already deeply connected with Michinaga, instead urged the Emperor and made him agree to support Michinaga's grandson, Prince Atsuhira, whom Shoshi/Akiko bore, as the next Crown Prince.
- 吾妻鏡は金沢文庫にあった原本が、小田原の後北条氏の手に渡り、それが徳川家康の手に渡ったと思われやすいが、現在の研究では、吾妻鏡は早くに散逸し、室町時代には既に揃いの完本の形では伝えられておらず、断片的な抄出本や、数年分の零本の形で伝わるものがほとんどであったのかもしれない。
- It is often considered that the original manuscript of Azuma Kagami in the Kanazawa Library was passed to the Gohojo clan in Odawara, and then to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, but it is now thought that Azuma Kagami was quickly scattered and lost and was an incomplete work in the Muromachi period, so most of them were probably passed down in the form of abridged or incomplete books consisting of volumes of several years worth of volumes.
- また、華族制度改革や将来の内閣_(日本)制度導入を巡って、岩倉との間に見解の相違があることも明らかになってきた(岩倉は華族に維新の功臣が加えられることや既存の律令制・太政官制度に基づいた大臣制が廃止されることで、公家出身の自分が政府の中枢から排除されることを警戒していた)。
- In addition, there was conflict of views between Iwakura and Ito regarding reform of the peerage system and introduction of cabinet (Japan) system in future (Iwakura worried about adding new meritorious retainers during the Meiji Restoration to the peerage and abolishment of institution of ministers based on existing the ritsuryo system [a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code] and Dajokan [Great Council of State] system, because he thought he would be excluded from the center of the government.)
- 裁判所は、保全すべき権利が金銭の支払を受けることをもってその行使の目的を達することができるものであるときに限り、債権者の意見を聴いて、仮処分の執行の停止を得るため、又は既にした仮処分の執行の取消しを得るために債務者が供託すべき金銭の額を仮処分命令において定めることができる。
- A court, only when the objective of the exercise of a right to be preserved can be achieved by receiving payment of money, may specify, in an order of provisional disposition, the amount of money to be deposited by the obligor in order to cause the execution of a provisional disposition to be stayed or cause the execution of a provisional disposition already carried out to be revoked, hearing opinions from the obligee.
- 第十三条(第一項及び第五項第二号を除く。)、第十四条、第十五条及び前条第一項の規定は、第二項の有効期間の更新について準用する。ただし、第十四条第二項各号に掲げる書類については、既に内閣総理大臣に提出されている当該書類の内容に変更がないときは、その添付を省略することができる。
- Provisions of Article 13 (excluding para. (1) and item (ii) of para. (5)), Article 14, Article 15 and para. (1) of the preceding article shall apply mutatis mutandis to the renewal of the valid period provided by para. (2); provide, however, attachment of the documents listed in each item of para. (2) of Article 14 may be omitted, if no changes have been made in the documents that were submitted to the Prime Minister.
- 都市再開発は既存の市街地で権利変換を行うもので、地域住民との合意形成に時間を要するが、未だ市街化されていない地域で行われるニュータウン建設などの場合は、農地などの大規模な土地を比較的低価格で得ることが可能であり、かつ効率的に都市計画決定などの手続きを進めることも可能である。
- Since urban redevelopment is conducted by exchange of rights in an existing urban area, it requires some time for consensus building with local residents; however, when a new towns is constructed in areas that has not been urbanized yet, it is possible to acquire large area of land, such as land used for agriculture, for a relatively low price and to carry out effectively necessary procedures including urban planning decisions.
- だが、訴訟を終結させるための条件もしくは結果として贈与としての和与を行う例は平安時代末期には既に見られた(例相馬御厨の領主の地位を巡って伊勢神宮禰宜間で交わされた和与状(『檪木文書』「仁安二年六月十四日付皇太神宮権祢宜荒木田明盛和与状」(『平安遺文』第7巻3425号所収))。
- But, there was already the case in which wayo, in the sense of gift, was made as a condition for or result of ending a lawsuit in the end of Heian period (e.g., wayo deed between negi [Shinto priests] of Ise-jingu Shrine regarding feudal lordship of Soma-mikuriya [private estate of Soma ranch] ['wayo deed of Akimori ARAKIDA, Gonnegi of Kotai-jingu Shrine, dated July 9, 1167' of 'The Kunugi Documents' [included in 'Heian Ibun' [Documents of the Heian Period] Volume 7, No. 3425]].
- 第二項の規定による決定が効力を生じたときは、差押処分の申立て又は第一項の申立てがあつた時に第二項に規定する地方裁判所にそれぞれ差押命令の申立て又は転付命令等の申立てがあつたものとみなし、既にされた執行処分その他の行為は債権執行の手続においてされた執行処分その他の行為とみなす。
- When an order under the provisions of paragraph (2) has become effective, the petition for an order of seizure or the petition for an assignment order, etc. shall be deemed to have been filed with the district court prescribed in paragraph (2) at the time when the petition for a disposition of seizure or the petition set forth in paragraph (1) was filed, and any disposition of execution already made or any other act already conducted shall be deemed to be a disposition of execution made or any other act conducted in the procedure of execution against a claim.
- 目的は木津川・淀川流域の洪水調節、日本のダム利用目的(木津川流域の既成農地が取水している既得農業用水の確保)、大阪市・枚方市・守口市といった大阪府及び神戸市・西宮市・尼崎市等兵庫県の人口密集地帯への上水道供給、関西電力が行う水力発電(認可出力6,000kW)の多目的ダムである。
- The objectives of this multipurpose dam are: (1) flood control of the Kizu-gawa and Yodo-gawa areas; (2) the common purpose of dams in Japan (supply of water for agriculture that is the vested right of the farmlands in Kizu-gawa area); (3) the supply of drinking water to densely-populated areas such as Osaka City, Hirakata City, Moriguchi City (Osaka Prefecture): and Kobe City, Nishinomiya City, and Amagasaki City (Hyogo Prefecture); (4) hydroelectric power generation by the Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. (permitted output: 6,000 kW).
- …(於是天皇詔之 朕聞諸家之所 帝紀及本辭 既違正實 多加虚僞 當今之時 不改其失 未經幾年 其旨欲滅 斯乃邦家經緯 王化之鴻基焉 故惟撰録帝紀 討覈舊辭 削僞定實 欲流後葉 時有舍人 姓稗田名阿禮 年是廿八 爲人聰明 度目誦口 拂耳勒心 即勅語阿禮 令誦習帝皇日繼 及先代舊辭)
- The emperor says `As far as I understand, 'Teiki and 'Honji' (accounts of origin) that have been handed down to families are falsified and are not like the original one. The original intentions will be lost within a few years unless corrected now. These are the precious teachings of the imperial court, to establish a sold foundation to guide the people. Therefore, I will advisedly select Teiki, and find kyuji to eliminate the false parts and find the truth to succeed future generations. He was such a bright man and was able to immediately express something he saw in words and never forgot the word he heard. The emperor immediately ordered Are to read and learn Kyuji that describes the lineage and incidents of past emperors that the emperor determined and selected himself.
- なぜなら、大久保や西郷、木戸孝允らは既に将来的な廃藩置県を見据えた版籍奉還の準備を進めていたが、版籍奉還を行えば幕藩体制において絶対的な原理として250年以上続いてきた藩主と藩士の主従関係が根本的に否定することになるため、一歩間違えれば全国的な反乱を引き起こしかねないものであった。
- Because Okubo, Saigo and Takayoshi KIDO already proceeded with the preparations for the returning of lands and people to the emperor focused on haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) in the future but if returning of lands and people to the emperor realized, this means denying fundamentally the master-servant relationship of the load of domain and the feudal retainer of domain which continued for more than 250 years as an absolute principle, so a single misstep could be a cause of a nationwide rebellion.
- この法律の公布の際既に旧法第五十四条の三第一項に規定する商品取引員協会(以下「旧法協会」という。)が設立されている場合においては、当該旧法協会は、施行日前においても、新法第百三十六条の四十一及び第百三十六条の四十四の規定の例により、定款を変更し、主務大臣の認可を受けることができる。
- In the case where the Futures Commission Merchant Association prescribed in Article 54-3, paragraph (1) of the Former Act (hereinafter referred to as the 'Association under the Former Act') has been established at the time of the enforcement of this Act, said Association under the Former Act may amend its articles of incorporation and receive the approval of the competent minister, even prior to the Effective Date, in accordance with the provisions of Article 136-41 and Article 136-44 of the New Act.
- 次の各号に掲げる者には、外国倒産処理手続の承認の決定があった旨を通知しなければならない。ただし、第二十五条第九項本文(第二十六条第六項、第二十七条第八項、第五十二条第五項及び第五十八条第七項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による通知が既にされている者については、この限りでない。
- The persons listed in the following items shall be provided with notice to the effect that an order of recognition of foreign insolvency proceedings has been issued; provided, however, that this shall not apply to any person who has already been provided with notice under the provisions of the main clause of Article 25, paragraph (9) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 26, paragraph (6), Article 27, paragraph (8), Article 52, paragraph (5), and Article 58, paragraph (7)):
- 幕末になって江戸幕府及び諸藩は、火縄銃装備の「鉄砲組」を廃止し、洋式銃装備の「歩兵隊」や「銃隊」を作る必要に迫られたが、従来の足軽隊は既に整理され事実上消滅し、残りも最低定員で末端役人や治安警備担当に振り分けられていたため、新たに人員を募集し戦国時代の足軽隊に似た歩兵部隊を創設した。
- At the end of the Edo period, the Edo bakufu and the domains abolished the 'firearm units' which bore matchlock guns and there was a growing need to form western-style infantry units and musket units, but due to the fact that the preexisting ashigaru units had already been disbanded and had virtually disappeared, with those remaining serving as low-level officials and security police, new personnel was recruited and infantry units resembling the ashigaru units of the Sengoku period were created.
- なお、829年(天長5年)に空海が綜芸種智院を設置した際に書かれた「綜芸種智院式」の文中に、自分の学校の先駆として吉備真備の「二教院」とともに石上宅嗣の「芸亭院」を挙げたうえで、芸亭の現状を「始めありて終りなく、人去って跡あれたり」と記しており、この時には既に消滅していたことが窺える。
- In a passage in the 'Shugei Shuchiin-shiki' written when the priest Kukai founded the Shugei Shuchiin school in 829, the 'Nikyo-in' of KIBI no Makibi and Untei-in of ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu are mentioned as the school's predecessors, with the current state of Untei described as 'having a beginning and unending, abandoned by people, in devastation,' suggesting that it no longer existed in his times.
- 遺された円如の遺児証如(永正13年(1516年)生まれ、実如死去時10歳)の将来を危惧した実如は蓮淳・蓮悟・実円(三河国本宗寺、実如の4男で現存していた唯一の男子)・蓮慶(蓮綱の嫡子)・顕誓(蓮誉の嫡子)の5人に証如への忠誠と親鸞以来の教義の擁護、既存の政治・宗教勢力との共存を遺言した。
- Worried about the future of Shonyo, a bereaved child of Ennyo (born in 1516, he was 10 when Jitsunyo died), Jitsunyo left the will to instruct five priests, Renjun, Rengo, Jitsuen (at Honso-ji Temple in Mikawa Province; the 4th son of Jitsunyo and the only male child alive), Renkei (Renko's legitimate child), and Kensei (Renyo's legitimate child) to practice loyalty to Shonyo, to protect the doctrine that had been kept since Sinran, and to coexist with the present political and religious powers.
- 一方で、三角縁神獣鏡と同じようなものは中国では出土しておらず、中国で既に改元された年号や実在しない年号の銘が入ったものもあることから、日本製、あるいは中国から渡来した工人の製であるとする説、また、中国製で船で日本に運ばれた舶載鏡とする説、日本で中国の鏡を真似てつくった倣製鏡説などがある。
- On the other hand, because of the fact that no mirror similar to the Sankakubuchi Shinjukyo Mirror was ever discovered in China and that some mirrors had the name of eras already changed in China or had nonexistent eras, there are theories that they were made in Japan or produced by the craftsmen that came from China, or they were made in China and loaded on a ship destined to Japan or they were modeled on Chinese mirrors and produced in Japan.
- 日本酒香り、果物香のような良いものと、袋香(絞った袋の匂い)、フーゼル油臭、日本酒香り(時間が経って劣化したもの)、日本酒香り(火入れ前の段階で既に劣化したもの)、付け香(ヤコマン、発酵時の果実香を集めて後から添加したもの)、日本酒香り(きが、樽の匂い)などマイナスポイントをチェックする。
- Check the good aspects, such as ginjoka (flavor of ginjo sake, the top quality sake) and fruity aroma, and bad aspects, such as filtration smell (smell of the filter bag), fusel oil odor, hineka (sake aroma that has deteriorated over time), nama-hineka (sake aroma that deteriorated before the heating process), added flavors (yakoman, fruity aroma collected in the fermentation process and added later), and kiga (sake aroma of the wood or barrel).
- 既指定物件は近畿地方に集中しており、近畿以外の地区に所在するものは神奈川・高徳院の銅造阿弥陀如来坐像(鎌倉大仏)、東京・大倉集古館の木造普賢菩薩騎象像(本来どこの寺院にあったものか不明)、岩手・中尊寺の金色堂堂内諸像及天蓋、福島・勝常寺の木造薬師三尊像、大分・臼杵市所有の臼杵磨崖仏がある。
- Most of the aforementioned sculptures designated national treasures are concentrated in the Kinki (Kansai) region, but there are some sculptures located outside the Kinki region, including the bronze seated statue of Amitabha Tathagata in Kotokuin Temple in Kanagawa (the Big Buddha of Kamakura), the wooden statue of Samantabhadra (Fugen Bosatsu in Japanese) riding an elephant in the Okura Shukokan Museum of Fine Arts in Tokyo (it is not known at which temple this statue originally resided), the statues and the canopy in the Golden Hall of Chuson-ji Temple in Iwate, the three wooden statues that comprise the Yakushi Triad housed in Shojo-ji Temple in Fukushima, and the Usuki Magaibutsu (the stone-cliff Buddha) owned by the city of Usuki in Oita.
- 寺院・僧侶の意義を認めない徹底した在家主義は、やがて徒党を組む既成寺院の僧侶から度重なる当局への讒言となり、清風(日扇)は弟子とともに逮捕されること2回、遠足止めなどの弾圧を受けるが、1878年(明治11年)には清風(日扇)自ら「花洛佛立講三十三組、人数凡1万人」というほど敎線を伸ばした。
- The Zaike shugi, having found no acceptance by temples and monks, led to frequent slander from monks of the league of existing temples in regard to his temple, and Seifu (Nissen) was suppressed by being arrested twice along with his disciples and was stopped from going afar; however, in 1878 he increased the size of his sect to one having '30 groups of Karaku (Kyoto) butsuryu-ko and about 10,000 people.'
- こうした日本の銃運用の事情により、瞬発式火縄銃と同系譜のばねによる撃発機構を持つものの、ばねの力が強すぎて撃発時の振動が大きくなるため銃身がぶれたり、火花が飛んでから火薬に点火するまでのタイムラグがあるため、命中率が低くなるホイールロック式銃やフリントロック式銃も、既に戦国時代には輸入された。
- Under the gun-related circumstances in Japan, wheel lock and flintlock guns had already been imported during the Sengoku period, but in spite of the fact that they had a similar explosion mechanism to that of instantaneous discharge matchlock, the spring action was so strong that the barrel was unstable, and there was a time-lag between sparking and ignition, which caused a low accuracy rate.
- 第二十七条の三第四項の規定は、公開買付撤回届出書について準用する。この場合において、同項中「発行者(当該公開買付届出書を提出した日において、既に当該発行者の株券等に係る公開買付届出書の提出をしている者がある場合には、当該提出をしている者を含む。)」とあるのは、「発行者」と読み替えるものとする。
- Article 27-3(4) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Written Withdrawal of Tender Offer. In this case, the term 'the Issuer of the Share Certificates, etc. to which the Tender Offer is made (and the person who has already submitted a Tender Offer Notification with regard to any Share Certificates, etc. issued by the Issuer as of the day on which the Tender Offer Notification is submitted, if any)' in Article 27-3(4) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'the Issuer of the Share Certificates, etc. to which the Tender Offer is made.'
- 鎌倉時代に入ると、公家法においても子孫に対する悔返が場合によっては認められるようになっていたが、その場合においても親の保護下にない既婚女子への譲与分の悔返の禁止などの厳しい制約が設けられ、特に本人もしくは和与を受けた子孫が第三者に譲った場合(他人和与)にはいかなる場合でも悔返は認められなかった。
- In the Kamakura period, although Kuikaeshi against the descendants were allowed in some cases even in the Kugeho, there were some severe restrictions such as no Kuikaeshi was allowed against properties handed to married women who were not under their parents' protection; and especially when the previous owner or the descendants who received it by compromise gave it to a third person (compromise to a non-blood relative), no Kuikaeshi was allowed.
- しかし、清盛は少年の頃より親王にも等しい待遇を受け、11歳で元服と同時に叙爵されて従五位下、17歳にして既に従四位下にまで官位を上げ、保元の乱の10年も前に正四位下となり公卿の地位の一歩手前にまで達しており、対して義朝は保元の乱の直前に叙爵されて従五位下・下野守となりようやく受領レベルとなった。
- However, Kiyomori had been treated as an imperial prince since his childhood, and his rank was Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) when he was 11 years old at the ceremony of his coming of age, Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) at age 17, and Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) at 10 years before the Hogen Rebellion, and he was almost Kugyo (the top court official), while Yoshitomo was rewarded by being named Jugoinoge and kokushu of Shimotsuke Province as Zuryo (the highest official of province) just before the Hogen Rebellion.
- 戦前に築いた日系コミュニティー、つまり日本町が、西海岸の数箇所でしか保存できなかったり、多くが消滅してしまったのは、構成していた不動産や財産を彼らが強制収容所に送られる前に手放さざるを得なかったり、戦後戻ってきても、既に他の民族が住み着いていたりした為、日本町の再興が出来なかった事も関係している。
- Few of the Japanese communities, that is Japanese towns, built before the war were preserved except in several places on the West Coast and most of them disappeared, because many of their former residents had to get rid of their real estate and property before they were interned, and even after returning at the end of the war, they found other people had already moved in, preventing them from reviving the aforementioned towns.
- 再生債権に基づく強制執行、仮差押え若しくは仮処分又は再生債権を被担保債権とする留置権(商法(明治三十二年法律第四十八号)又は会社法の規定によるものを除く。)による競売(次条、第二十九条及び第三十九条において「再生債権に基づく強制執行等」という。)の手続で、再生債務者の財産に対して既にされているもの
- Procedure for compulsory execution, provisional seizure or provisional disposition which is based on a rehabilitation claim or auction by reason of a right of retention (excluding a right of retention under the provisions of the Commercial Code (Act No. 48 of 1899) or the Companies Act) which is intended to secure a rehabilitation claim, etc. (hereinafter referred to as 'compulsory execution based on a rehabilitation claim, etc.' in the following Article, Article 29 and Article 39), already initiated against the rehabilitation debtor's property
- 終身定期金債務者が終身定期金の元本を受領した場合において、その終身定期金の給付を怠り、又はその他の義務を履行しないときは、相手方は、元本の返還を請求することができる。この場合において、相手方は、既に受け取った終身定期金の中からその元本の利息を控除した残額を終身定期金債務者に返還しなければならない。
- In cases where the obligor in a life annuity has received the principal for the life annuity, if the obligor fails to pay the life annuity or fails to perform other obligations, the other party may demand the return of the principal. In such cases, the other party must return the amount of the life annuity he/she has already received to the obligor of the life annuity, less the amount of the interest on that principal.
- 日本の達成が難しいと囁かれ始めた 2007年頃になって、京都議定書自体が欧米諸国による政治的な圧力であるという陰謀論(そもそも根拠が示されていない、既に支持を失った議論を蒸し返しているなどの理由により懐疑論にもなり得ていないもの)が、一部評論筋や個人の論評などで、にわかに唱えられはじめるようになった。
- Around 2007 when it was whispered that it seemed unlikely for Japan to achieve the goal, some critics or individuals began to claim a conspiracy theory that Kyoto Protocol itself was a political pressure from Western countries (it is a groundless theory and is far from even being skepticism because it is based on the issue which was once discussed and consequently lost its supporters).
- 前項に規定する場合において、相続人が既に同項の反対給付を受けているときは、相続人は、当該反対給付を破産財団に返還しなければならない。ただし、相続人が当該反対給付を受けた当時、破産手続開始の原因となる事実又は破産手続開始の申立てがあったことを知らなかったときは、その現に受けている利益を返還すれば足りる。
- In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, if the heir has already received the counter-performance set forth in said paragraph, the heir shall return the counter-performance to the bankruptcy estate; provided, however, that if the heir did not know, at the time of receiving the counter-performance, the fact constituting the grounds for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings or the filing of a petition for commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, it shall be sufficient for the heir to return the enrichment that he/she actually enjoys.
- 首都圏とは「首都+圏(その周辺地域)」のことであるが、後継法では「首都」部分は前身法で既に首都と定めた「東京都」と明確に定めることで、その変更には国会の議決を義務付け、「その周辺地域」部分は下位法令(政令)に委任することで、国会の議決なく柔軟に変更できる余地を残す形で、前身法の首都の定義を継承している。
- The national capital region refers to the region 'the capital and its surrounding area,' but in the succeeding law, it is clearly defined that 'national capital' part is 'Tokyo Metropolis' established in predecessor law (abolished law) and it imposes the obligation of Diet vote in order to change that part, and concerning 'the surrounding area' the new law took over predecessor law, in the way to delegate the lower rank act (government ordinance) and not to require Diet vote and flexibly change 'the surrounding area' part.
- 前項の場合において、後の強制競売の開始決定が配当要求の終期後の申立てに係るものであるときは、裁判所書記官は、新たに配当要求の終期を定めなければならない。この場合において、既に第五十条第一項(第百八十八条において準用する場合を含む。)の届出をした者に対しては、第四十九条第二項の規定による催告は、要しない。
- In the cases set forth in the preceding paragraph, if a later commencement order for a compulsory auction pertains to a petition filed after the time limit for a demand for liquidating distribution, the court clerk shall set a new time limit for a demand for liquidating distribution. In this case, it is not required to give a notice under the provisions of Article 49(2) to any person who has already filed a proof as set forth in Article 50(1) (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 188).
- 容積率に余裕を持って建てられているものが多いので、住宅需要の高い地域であれば、高層化を行って戸数を増やし、増えた分の住戸を売却して建設資金をまかなう、という手法も可能であるが、住宅需要が乏しい地域で採算の見込めない団地、あるいは既に容積率いっぱいに建てている団地の場合は建て替えが困難になっている例もある。
- There are many buildings constructed with surplus space, so if particularly large housing demand occurs in one area, it is possible to cover construction funds by building additional storys and selling them; however, for some danchi, rebuilding is problematic partly because housing demand is very limited with little prospect of profitability and partly because that danchi has used full floor-area ratio and there is no space remaining
- この時期既にブギウギで流行歌歌手としてデビューしていた美空ひばりも音楽性をシフトさせ、キングレコードから望郷歌謡の春日八郎、三橋美智也、ビクターレコードから任侠路線のスター鶴田浩二、テイチクレコードから浪曲出身の三波春夫、戦後の大スター石原裕次郎、コロムビアレコードからは三波と同じく浪曲界より村田英雄がデビュー。
- Around that time, Hibari MISORA, who had already debuted with boogie-woogie as a hit song singer, changed her musical characteristics, nostalgia singer Hachiro KASUGA and Michiya MIHASHI debuted with King Records, Koji TSURUTA presenting himself as a chivalrous star debuted with Victor Records, Haruo MINAMI, the former rokyoku performer, and Yujiro ISHIHARA, the postwar superstar debuted with Teichiku Records, and Hideo MURATA debuted with Columbia Records, moving out of the world of rokyoku as Minami.
- 前述のように最古の行基図とされているのは、延暦24年作成と伝えられているものであるが、原図は既に亡く、現在伝わるものは江戸時代の有職故実研究家藤貞幹(藤井・藤原とも、1732年-1797年)の写しのものであり、かつ延暦24年の実情と不一致の加筆が見られる(これが藤貞幹によるものか、それ以前からのものなのかは不詳)。
- As mentioned above, the version which is considered to be the oldest is said to have been made in 805, but the original version no longer exists and the version which has been handed down to today is the copy made by Teikan TO (FUJII or FUJIHARA, 1732-1797), a researcher of Yusoku-kojitsu (knowledge of court rules, ceremony, decorum and records of the past) and some additions inconsistent with the realty of 805 are recognized (and it is unknown whether the additions were made by Teikan TO or somebody else before him).
- 金方慶「兵法に『千里の県軍、その鋒当たるべからず』とあり、本国よりも遠く離れ敵地に入った軍は、却って志気が上がり戦闘能力が高まるものである。我が軍は少なしといえども既に敵地に入っている。我が軍は自ずから戦うことになるがこれは秦穆公の孟明の『焚船』や漢の韓信の『背水の陣』の故事に沿うものである。再度戦わせて頂きたい。」
- Bang-gyeong KIM said, 'an art of war teaches us not to fight with an army that has come from far away. It means that entering into the enemy's territory, far away from home, rather raises the morale and fighting strength of the army. Our army is small, but already in the enemy's territory. Although we ourselves are to fight, it is in accordance with historical lessons such as 'burning his own ships to fight' of Ming MENG, who served Duke Mu of Qin, and 'fighting with his back against the river' of Xin HAN, who served the Han Dynasty. Please let us fight again.'
- 地代等の増額について当事者間に協議が調わないときは、その請求を受けた者は、増額を正当とする裁判が確定するまでは、相当と認める額の地代等を支払うことをもって足りる。ただし、その裁判が確定した場合において、既に支払った額に不足があるときは、その不足額に年一割の割合による支払期後の利息を付してこれを支払わなければならない。
- If no agreement may be reached between the parties regarding the increase in the amount of Rent, etc., until the judicial decision on establishing the increased amount as valid becomes final and binding, it shall be sufficient for the party which has received that request to pay Rent, etc. in an amount that is deemed to be reasonable; provided, however, that when said judicial decision becomes final and binding, if the amount that has already been paid is insufficient, the amount of the shortfall shall be paid with the addition of interest on late payments at the rate of ten percent per year.
- 建物の借賃の増額について当事者間に協議が調わないときは、その請求を受けた者は、増額を正当とする裁判が確定するまでは、相当と認める額の建物の借賃を支払うことをもって足りる。ただし、その裁判が確定した場合において、既に支払った額に不足があるときは、その不足額に年一割の割合による支払期後の利息を付してこれを支払わなければならない。
- If no agreement may be reached between the parties regarding the increase in the amount of the building rent, until the judicial decision on establishing the increased amount as valid becomes final and binding, it shall be sufficient for the party which has received that request to pay the building rent in an amount that is deemed to be reasonable; provided, however, that when said judicial decision becomes final and binding, if the amount that has already been paid is insufficient, the amount of the shortfall shall be paid with the addition of interest on late payments at the rate of ten percent per year.
- 当初は巨済島または鬱陵島の割譲を要求していたが、軍艦4隻と寺内正毅大隊長が率いる兵1500人が到着する6日前に、既に清国が反乱を鎮圧し、主導権を握っていたことと、アメリカ合衆国が軍艦を派遣し威圧をかけてきた事から交渉担当の花房義質李氏朝鮮公使は方針を変更させ、馬建忠(在朝清軍の隊長李鴻章の外交秘書)の仲介を経て上記の内容に落ち着いた。
- At first, Japan was demanding the cession of Geoje Island or Utsuryo Island, however, six days before the arrival of four warships and 1,500 soldiers led by Daitaicho (Battalion Chief) Masatake TERAUCHI, Qing had already subdued the rebellion and taken the initiative, and the United States of America had dispatched warships to put pressure on Japan, both of which led Yoshimoto HANABUSA, the Japanese Minister to Yi Dynasty Korea who was in charge of the negotiation, to change the original demands to the ones stipulated in the treaty, mediated by Jianzhong MA (a diplomatic secretary to Hung Chang LI, the captain of the army of Qing).
- シテ方は観世流、宝生流、金春流、金剛流、喜多流、ワキ方は高安流、福王流、宝生流、笛方は一噌流、森田流、藤田流、小鼓方は幸流、幸清流、大倉流、観世流、大鼓方は葛野流、高安流、石井流、大倉流、観世流、太鼓方は観世流、金春流、狂言方は大蔵流、和泉流に所属する能楽師で、所属する流派の宗家および既に能楽協会の会員である者一名の推薦が必要とされる。
- To qualify for membership in Nogaku Kyokai, one is required to get referrals from a current member of the association and from the soke (head of family, originator) of the school, to which he or she belongs, and to be a nogakushi of one of the following schools; Kanze-ryu, Hosho-ryu, Konparu-ryu, Kongo-ryu and Kita-ryu for shite-kata (main roles); Takayasu-ryu, Fukuo-ryu and Hosho-ryu for waki-kata (supporting actors); Isso-ryu, Morita-ryu and Fujita-ryu for fue-kata (roles who play the flute); Ko-ryu, Kosei-ryu, Okura-ryu and Kanze-ryu for kotsuzumi-kata (small hand drum players); Kadono-ryu, Takayasu-ryu, Ishii-ryu, Okura-ryu and Kanze-ryu for otsuzumi-kata (large hand drum players); Kanze-ryu and Konparu-ryu for taiko-kata (drum players), and; Okura-ryu and Izumi-ryu for kyogen-kata (comic actors).
- 委託者保護会員制法人は、新法第二百九十三条の登録(前条第三項の規定により施行日前において行う新法第二百九十三条の規定の例による登録を含む。以下この条において同じ。)の申請を行う場合において、既に前項の規定による総会の承認の決議を得ているときは、その登録の申請と併せて補償基金協会からの承継についての認可を主務大臣に申請しなければならない。
- In the case where a Consignor Protection Membership Corporation files an application for registration under Article 293 of the New Act (including registration in accordance with the provisions of Article 293 of the New Act which is made prior to the Effective Date pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3) of the preceding Article; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article), and when it has already obtained a resolution of approval from a General Meeting pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, it shall file an application with the competent minister for approval for succession from the Association of Compensation Funds, along with an application for said registration.
- スナイドル弾薬の製造設備を失った事は、薩摩を象徴する新兵器だったスナイドル銃が無用の長物と化し、既に旧式化していた前装式のエンフィールド銃で戦わなければならなくなった事を意味しており、後装式と前装式の連射速度の違いがもたらす決定的な戦力差を戊辰戦争での実体験として知る西郷は、この報を聞いて「ちょしもたー」(しまった)との言葉を発したという。
- Now that they lost the production equipment of Snider Ammunition, the Snider rifle, which had symbolized the Satsuma Domain as the new weapon, meant nothing to them and they had to be armed with the outdated muzzle-loading Enfield rifles; it is said that SAIGO shouted 'Damn!' to hear the report because he had realized in the Boshin War that a difference in the burst speed between the muzzleloader and the breechloader makes a crucial difference in fighting power.
- 発行者、有価証券の売出しをする者、引受人、金融商品取引業者、登録金融機関又は金融商品仲介業者は、前項の有価証券又は既に開示された有価証券を募集又は売出しにより取得させ、又は売り付ける場合には、第十三条第二項第一号に定める事項に関する内容を記載した目論見書をあらかじめ又は同時に交付しなければならない。ただし、次に掲げる場合は、この限りでない。
- In cases where the Issuer, a person who engages in Secondary Distribution of Securities, an Underwriter, a Financial Instruments Business Operator, a Registered Financial Institution, or a Financial Instruments Intermediary Service Provider has another person acquire Securities referred to in the preceding paragraph or Already Disclosed Securities, or sells such Securities to another person, through Public Offering or Secondary Distribution, they shall deliver the Prospectus containing the matters specified in Article 13(2)(i) to the other person in advance of, or at the same time as, having the Securities acquired or selling the Securities; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the following cases:
- ところが、宮中行事などの衰退によって大饗が開かれることがなくなった上、相次ぐ戦乱や五摂家の成立による短期間での藤氏長者の交替などによって朱器台盤は散逸してしまったらしく、延文6年(康安元年/1361年)に近衛道嗣が藤氏長者に就任した際には「朱器渡りの儀」が行われていないために、その以前の段階で朱器台盤は既に存在していなかったと考えられている。
- But grand banquets ceased to be held due to the decline of court functions, and in addition, Shuki-daiban seem to have been scattered and lost due to successive conflicts and changes of Toshi choja within a short period of time caused by the formation of Gosekke (five top Fujiwara families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho [regent] and Kanpaku), and when Michitsugu KONOE assumed the post of Toshi choja in 1361, 'Shuki watari no gi' no longer took place, which suggests that Shuki-daiban had already been lost before that time.
- 室町幕府においては、守護(守護大名)に対して、既存の大犯三箇条に加えて、苅田狼藉検断、使節遵行権、段銭徴収権などの広範な権利が付与されていたが、幕府御家人は、足利将軍家の威光を背景に守護使不入の特権を得て、守護からの段銭徴収を拒絶し、幕府からの段銭要求に対しても幕府への直接納付(京納)が認められて守護からの加重徴収の危険を免れる事を可能とした。
- In the Muromachi bakufu, extensive rights were given to shugo (or shugo daimyo, shugo that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords), such as Karita Rozeki Kendan (the shugo's right to suppress provincial warriors who entered shoen unlawfully to harvest rice, and to prosecute and convict them), Shisetsu Jungyo Ken (a right empowered to shugo to implement shisetsu jungyo, in which shugo who received orders from the bakufu sent jungyo-shi, emissaries, to a region and have them execute the orders) and Tansen Choshu Ken (a right to collect surtax), in addition to the existing Taibon Sankajo, but bakufu gokenin (an immediate vasal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) who had been granted the shugoshi-funyu privilege backed by the authority of the Ashikaga family positioned to accede to the shogunate, refused collection of tansen (surtax) from shugo, and responded to one from the bakufu as direct payment to the bakufu (known as kyono) was approved, which enabled them to escape from a danger of being surcharged by the shugo.
- 裁判所は、債権者の一般の利益に適合し、かつ、競売申立人又は企業担保権の実行手続の申立人に不当な損害を及ぼすおそれがないと認めるときは、利害関係人の申立てにより又は職権で、外国倒産処理手続の承認の決定と同時に又はその決定後、相当の期間を定めて、債務者の財産に対して既にされている担保権の実行の手続又は企業担保権の実行手続の中止を命ずることができる。
- The court may, upon the petition of an interested person or by its own authority, specify a reasonable period and order a stay on a procedure for exercising any security interest or on a procedure for the exercise of an enterprise mortgage, which has already been initiated against the debtor's property, upon issuing an order of recognition of foreign insolvency proceedings or after issuing such an order, when it finds that the stay on the procedure conforms to the common interests of creditors and is not likely to cause undue damage to an auction applicant or a petitioner for a procedure for the exercise of an enterprise mortgage.
- 地代等の減額について当事者間に協議が調わないときは、その請求を受けた者は、減額を正当とする裁判が確定するまでは、相当と認める額の地代等の支払を請求することができる。ただし、その裁判が確定した場合において、既に支払を受けた額が正当とされた地代等の額を超えるときは、その超過額に年一割の割合による受領の時からの利息を付してこれを返還しなければならない。
- If no agreement may be reached between the parties regarding the decrease in the amount of Rent, etc., until the judicial decision on establishing the decreased amount as valid becomes final and binding, the party which has received that request may request payment of Rent, etc. in an amount that is deemed to be reasonable; provided, however, that when said judicial decision becomes final and binding, if the Rent, etc. that has already been paid exceeds the Rent, etc. amount found to be valid, the amount of the excess shall be returned with the addition of interest at the rate of ten percent per year from the time the payment was received.
- 再生手続開始の決定があったときは、破産手続開始、再生手続開始若しくは特別清算開始の申立て、再生債務者の財産に対する再生債権に基づく強制執行等又は再生債権に基づく財産開示手続の申立てはすることができず、破産手続、再生債務者の財産に対して既にされている再生債権に基づく強制執行等の手続及び再生債権に基づく財産開示手続は中止し、特別清算手続はその効力を失う。
- Where an order of commencement of rehabilitation proceedings is made, it is not allowed to file a petition for commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, commencement of rehabilitation proceedings or commencement of special liquidation, enforce compulsory execution based on a rehabilitation claim, etc. against the rehabilitation debtor, or file a petition for an assets disclosure procedure based on a rehabilitation claim, and the bankruptcy proceedings and the procedure for compulsory execution based on a rehabilitation claim, etc. and assets disclosure procedure based on a rehabilitation claim, which have already been initiated against the rehabilitation debtor, shall be stayed, and the special liquidation proceedings shall cease to be effective.
- 江戸幕府は貨幣の全国統一を行うべく、三貨制度(小判、丁銀、銭貨)の整備を行ったが、これは既存の貨幣流通すなわち、大坂の商人を中心とする極印銀すなわち秤量銀貨の流通と、庶民の渡来銭の使用に加えて、武田信玄が鋳造させた甲州金の貨幣単位である「両」、「分」、「朱」を踏襲したものであり、家康の尊敬する武将であった信玄の甲州金の四進法の体系を採用したのであった。
- Edo bakufu improved three currency system (Koban, Chogin [collective term of silver]and coin) to unify the currency of the whole country: it consited of the existing currency circulation; hallmark silver which was a silver-by-weight standard used by mainly merchants in Osaka and Torai-sen (imported currency from China) used among commers, and the currency unit, 'Ryo' 'Bu' and 'Shu', based on quarternary system of Koshu gold which was cast by the order of Shingen TAKEDA whom Ieyasu looked up to.
- この法律において「有価証券の売出し」とは、既に発行された有価証券の売付けの申込み又はその買付けの申込みの勧誘(第二号において「売付け勧誘等」という。)のうち、次の各号に掲げる有価証券の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める場合に該当するもの(取引所金融商品市場における有価証券の売買及びこれに準ずる取引その他の政令で定める有価証券の取引に係るものを除く。)をいう。
- The term 'Secondary Distribution of Securities' as used in this Act means, among solicitations of an application to sell or purchase already-issued Securities (referred to as 'Solicitation for Selling, etc.' in item (ii)), those falling under the categories specified for each kind of Securities in the following items (excluding those made relating to sales and purchase of Securities in a Financial Instruments Exchange Market and a transaction equivalent thereto and other transactions of Securities specified by a Cabinet Order):
- 前条第一項の命令を受けた土地の所有者等は、当該土地の土壌の特定有害物質による汚染が当該土地の所有者等以外の者の行為によるものであるときは、その行為をした者に対し、当該命令に係る汚染の除去等の措置に要した費用を請求することができる。ただし、その行為をした者が既に当該汚染の除去等の措置に要する費用を負担し、又は負担したものとみなされるときは、この限りでない。
- The Owner, etc. who receives an order set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding article despite the fact that the soil has been contaminated by any other person than the Owner, etc. may claim the cost of an Action for Removal, etc. against the person who engages in an act that has caused the soil contamination; provided, however, that this shall not apply when such person has already borne or has been ordered to bear its cost.
- 1260年にモンゴル帝国の第5代皇帝(ハーン、ハーン)に即位した後のいわゆる「元 (王朝)」(大元ウルス、大元朝、元朝)の皇帝クビライは、1268年(日本の文永5年・大元朝の至元 (元世祖)5年)に第2代皇帝オゴデイ以来の懸案であった南宋攻略を開始する一方、既に服属していた朝鮮半島の高麗を通じて、1266年に日本に初めて通交を求める使者を送ろうとしていた。
- Kublai, who in 1260 became the fifth emperor (Khan) of the Mongol Empire that was later called 'Yuan' (the Great Yuan Ulus, Great Yuan Dynasty or Yuan Dynasty), in 1266 planned to send the first envoys to establish diplomatic relations with Japan, through Goryeo in the Korean peninsula, which had already become its subject, while starting to conquer the Southern Sung Dynasty in 1268, which had been its long-standing aim since the reign of the second emperor Ogodei.
- 建物の借賃の減額について当事者間に協議が調わないときは、その請求を受けた者は、減額を正当とする裁判が確定するまでは、相当と認める額の建物の借賃の支払を請求することができる。ただし、その裁判が確定した場合において、既に支払を受けた額が正当とされた建物の借賃の額を超えるときは、その超過額に年一割の割合による受領の時からの利息を付してこれを返還しなければならない。
- If no agreement may be reached between the parties regarding the decrease in the amount of the building rent, until the judicial decision on establishing the decreased amount as valid becomes final and binding, it shall be sufficient for the party which has received that request to request payment of the building rent in an amount that is deemed to be reasonable; provided, however, that when said judicial decision becomes final and binding, if the amount that has already been paid exceeds the building rent amount found to be valid, the amount of the excess shall be returned with the addition of interest at the rate of ten percent per year from the time the payment was received.
- 前項第一号及び第二号に掲げる場合の目論見書であつて、第五条第四項(同条第五項において準用する場合を含む。以下同じ。)の規定の適用を受けた届出書を提出した者が作成すべきもの又は同条第四項各号に掲げるすべての要件を満たす者が作成すべき既に開示された有価証券に係るものについては、参照書類を参照すべき旨を記載した場合には、同条第一項第二号に掲げる事項の記載をしたものとみなす。
- With regard to a Prospectus that falls under the category specified in item (i) or (ii) of the preceding paragraph, when the person required to prepare it has submitted a notification to which Article 5(4) (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 5(5); the same shall apply hereinafter) is applied or if the person required to prepare it for Already Disclosed Securities satisfies all of the requirements specified in the items of Article 5(4), if the person states in the Prospectus to the effect that reference should be made to the Reference Documents, the Prospectus shall be deemed to contain descriptions on the matters listed in Article 5(1)(ii).
- 次に掲げる場合には、裁判所は、申立てにより、決定で、担保を立てさせて、若しくは立てさせないで強制執行の一時の停止を命じ、又はこれとともに、担保を立てて強制執行の開始若しくは続行をすべき旨を命じ、若しくは担保を立てさせて既にした執行処分の取消しを命ずることができる。ただし、強制執行の開始又は続行をすべき旨の命令は、第三号から第六号までに掲げる場合に限り、することができる。
- In the following cases, the court, upon petition, may make an order of a temporary stay of compulsory execution while requiring or not requiring the provision of security, or simultaneously may make an order to the effect that compulsory execution should be commenced or continued with security or an order of revocation of the executive measure already taken while requiring the provision of security; provided, however, that an order of commencement or continuation of compulsory execution may be made only in the cases set forth in item (iii) to item (vi):
- 平家滅亡時に救出されて帰京するが、都では既に後鳥羽天皇が即位していた(ちなみに『増鏡』では、守貞親王と尊成親王(後鳥羽天皇)が後白河法皇の前に呼ばれて、すぐに法皇に懐いた尊成が皇位に立てられたとする記述があるが、実際に尊成とともに呼ばれたのは守貞親王の異母弟惟明親王(高倉天皇第三皇子)といわれており、これについては『増鏡』作者による「演出説」と「勘違い説」に分かれている)。
- He was saved and went back to Kyoto when the Taira clan died out, however Emperor Gotoba had already succeeded to the throne in Kyoto. (in 'Masukagami' (The Clear Mirror) it is said Imperial Prince Morisada and Imperial Prince Takahira (Emperor Gotoba) were called in by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, and Takahira, who took to the Emperor before Morisada, was appointed to succeed to the throne, however there was another theory that it was Morisada's half younger brother, Imperial Prince Koreaki (Emperor Takakura's third Prince) who was called with Takahira, but there were two different theories of the author of 'Masukagami,' one was 'the direction theory' and another one was 'the misunderstanding theory.'
- グイド・フルベッキの写真は撮影されたのが慶応2、3年と特定されているが(明治初年の説もある)、比定された西郷ら明治維新の元勲がこの時期に一堂に会したことは史料的にも有り得ぬし、西郷本人に限っても、既に肥満体になっていたのに、頬骨が出、普通の身躯をしているなど疑問点だらけで、副島種臣とフルベッキ、さらに無名の佐賀士族の若者たちを写した写真を元勲たちの写真とこじつけたにすぎない。
- The picture was supposedly taken by Guido Herman Fridolin Verbeek in 1866 or 1867, but the notion that Saigo and others who had made achievements serving the country in the Meiji Restoration got together around that time is historically impossible, and Saigo himself was already obese by this point, but in the picture his cheek bones show and he had a normal sized body, so there are many problems with it; moreover, the picture was distorted by Taneomi SOEJIMA and Guido Herman Fridolin Verbeek, so it is likely to be nothing more than unnamed men of the warrior class in Saga, instead those who had achievements serving their country.
- この事件については歴史書『続日本紀』に詳細が書かれ、道鏡の政治的陰謀を阻止した和気清麻呂が「忠臣の鑑」として戦前の歴史教育においてしばしば取り上げられてきたが、既に江戸時代に本居宣長によって一連の神話的な事件の流れに懐疑的な説が唱えられ、近年には『続日本紀』の記事には光仁天皇の即位を正当化するための作為が含まれている(神託には皇位継承については触れられていない)とする説も存在する。
- The details of this incident are described in the history book 'Shoku Nihongi'; WAKE no Kiyomaro, who prevented a political conspiracy of Dokyo, was often taken up in history education in Japan before the Word War Ⅱas 'a model of royal subject'; however, during the Edo period Norinaga MOTOORI had already expressed his doubts on the credibility of the series of mythical incidents, and in recent years there exist views which advocate that the articles in 'Shoku Nihongi' include artifacts to justify the enthronement of Emperor Konin (the oracle does not touch on the succession to the Imperial Throne).
- 本来この制度は、排出量の削減による取引上の利益により、さらなる削減意欲を生じさせることを意図したものであるが、逆に排出枠の設定方法によっては過去の排出量が既得権益のようになってしまったり、炭素クレジットの市場価格が化石燃料から再生可能エネルギーへの切り替えや省エネルギー等による排出量の削減にかかる費用よりも割安になってしまった場合に、本来必要な努力を減じさせるおそれもあると指摘されている。
- Originally this system was intended to arouse a further intention of emissions reduction promoted by the benefits of trading through the reduction of emissions, but conversely, it is pointed out that the system can lessen essentially needed efforts to reduce the emissions in the following cases: the amount of emissions of the past becomes vested interest or the like depending on a way of assigning the emissions allowances; if the market price of carbon credit becomes lower than the cost of exchange from fossil fuel to renewable energy or of emissions reduction by using energy-saving material.
- 保全異議の申立てがあった場合において、保全命令の取消しの原因となることが明らかな事情及び保全執行により償うことができない損害を生ずるおそれがあることにつき疎明があったときに限り、裁判所は、申立てにより、保全異議の申立てについての決定において第三項の規定による裁判をするまでの間、担保を立てさせて、又は担保を立てることを条件として保全執行の停止又は既にした執行処分の取消しを命ずることができる。
- Where an objection to a temporary restraining order is filed, only when a prima facie showing is made with regard to the circumstances which will obviously be the grounds for revocation of the temporary restraining order and the likelihood that the execution of the temporary restraining order will cause damage for which compensation cannot be made, a court may, upon petition, order a stay of execution of a temporary restraining order or order revocation of a disposition of execution already made, while requiring the provision of security immediately or requiring the provision of security as a condition, until the court makes a judicial decision under the provision of paragraph (3) in its order on the objection to the temporary restraining order.
- これを『鎌倉年代記裏書』にある「討手陸奥の守宗宣、下野の守貞綱既に攻め寄せんと欲するの処に、宗方は殿中(師時の舘、禅閤同宿)の騒擾を聞き、宿所より参らるるの間...」と組合わせると、時村と共に北条庶流を代表していた大仏宗宣らが手勢を率いて宝戒寺近辺の殿中・北条師時の館の貞時に詰め寄り、その騒擾を察知した宗方が、これも手勢を率いて駆けつけようとしたところで大仏宗宣、宇都宮守貞、佐々木時清らに討たる。
- When combining this with the description of 'When the chasers, Munenobu, Mutsu no Kami, and Sadatsuna, Shimotsuke no Kami, were going to attack, Munekata heard disturbing noise at Denchu (Morotoki's residence where Sadatoki, zenko (one of the three principal ministers with priesthood) stayed) and on his way to the residence from his lodging--' in 'Kamkura-Nendaiki-uragaki,' the following situation can be considered: Munenobu OSARAGI, who, together with Tokimura, was a representative of branch Hojo families, and his followers were getting closer to Sadatoki in Denchu (Mototoki HOJO's residence) near to Hokai-ji Temple, and detecting the disturbing noise, Munekata and his followers rushed to the site, and he was killed by Munenobu OSARAGI, Morisada UTSUNOMIYA, and Tokikiyo SASAKI in the fighting.
- 前項に規定する場合には、同項に規定する強制執行、仮差押え、仮処分、一般の先取特権の実行及び企業担保権の実行の手続で、破産財団に属する財産に対して既にされているものは、破産財団に対してはその効力を失う。ただし、同項に規定する強制執行又は一般の先取特権の実行(以下この条において「強制執行又は先取特権の実行」という。)の手続については、破産管財人において破産財団のためにその手続を続行することを妨げない。
- In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the procedure for compulsory execution, provisional seizure, provisional disposition, exercise of a general statutory lien or exercise of an enterprise mortgage prescribed in said paragraph, which has already been initiated against property that belongs to the bankruptcy estate, shall cease to be effective against the bankruptcy estate; provided, however, that with regard to the procedure for compulsory execution or exercise of a general statutory lien prescribed in said paragraph (hereinafter referred to as 'compulsory execution or exercise of a statutory lien' in this Article), this shall not preclude a bankruptcy trustee from continuing the procedure in the interest of the bankruptcy estate.
- 江戸時代後期以降、江戸を中心とした東日本(上方を中心とした西日本では「先笄」「両輪」 喜田川 守貞『守貞謾稿』によると現在の愛知県岡崎市内にあったある村の西と東で既婚女性が「先笄」「両輪」に結う地域と「丸髷」に結う地域の二手に分かれたらしい)で、明治以降は全国的に広く一般に結われていた髷だが、髷の形に個人の好みを反映させるため明治末期には「両国形」「老松形」など数多くの「丸髷型」が売り出されていた。
- This mage had been worn since the later Edo period in eastern Japan centering on Edo (on the other hand, in western Japan centering on Kamigata [Kyoto and Osaka area], 'Sakko' [a variation of Shimada-mage with the remaining hair arranged with a stick called 'kogai'] and 'Ryowa' [two mage are made and fixed with a stick called 'kogai' with the remaining hair rolled up] had been worn; according to 'Morisada Manko' [a kind of encyclopedia of folkways and other affairs in the Edo period] by Morisada KITAGAWA, a certain village in present-day Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture was the boundary between west and east: the region where married women wore 'sakko' or 'ryowa,' and the region where they wore 'marumage') and since the Meiji period it spread to the whole country and became common hairstyle; at the end of the Meiji period, a variety of 'marumagegata' (magegata [a paper frame which is wound round with hair to keep the shape of a chignon] for marumage), such as 'Ryogoku (両国) style,' 'Oimatsu style' and so on, went on sale to cover all tastes for the shape of mage.
- 前項の場合において、内閣総理大臣は、第二十三条の四の規定による訂正発行登録書の内容が公衆に容易に理解されると認める場合又は当該訂正発行登録書の提出者に係る第五条第一項第二号に掲げる事項に関する情報が既に公衆に広範に提供されていると認める場合においては、第二項において内閣総理大臣が指定した期間に満たない期間を指定することができる。この場合においては、発行登録は、その期間を経過した日に、その効力を生ずる。
- In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, when the Prime Minister believes that the Amended Shelf Registration Statement submitted under Article 23-4 is easily understandable to the public or finds that information on the matters listed in Article 5(1)(ii) pertaining to the person who submitted the Amended Shelf Registration Statement has already been widely available to the public, he/she may designate a period shorter than that designated by him/her under paragraph (2). In this case, the Shelf Registration shall come into effect on the day when the shorter period has elapsed.
- その後、通貨改革によって正貨・贋貨を問わず全ての現行貨幣を引き揚げて早急に(既に大隈より明治5年11月までという案が出されていた)に引き換えを行うこと、応急措置として外国人の所持する二分金(実は一番問題となっていた政府及び諸藩発行の悪貨・贋貨でもあった)の検査を行って、封包を行って検印を施し、それを行ったものについてはたとえ贋貨であっても正貨と等価による納税または交換を認めることを了承させられたのである。
- After this, the Japanese government was forced to consent to pulling out all current currency, regardless of it being specie or counterfeit (it was already proposed by OKUMA that this would be done by May 11), and exchanging it immediately, and as a temporary measure, the nibukin owned by foreigners (this bad money/counterfeit issued by the government and domains was the biggest problem) were to be examined, encapsulated, put a stamp of approval, and handed out, and those that went though this were to be accepted as tax payment or exchange equivalent to the specie even if it was counterfeit.
- 金融商品取引業者等は、金融商品取引所に上場されている有価証券及び店頭売買有価証券の売買その他の取引で政令で定めるものに関する顧客の注文を受けようとするときは、あらかじめ、顧客に対し、内閣府令で定めるところにより、当該取引に係る最良執行方針等を記載した書面を交付しなければならない。ただし、既に当該書面(当該最良執行方針等を変更した場合にあつては、変更後のものを記載した書面)を交付しているときは、この限りでない。
- A Financial Instruments Business Operator, etc. shall, before accepting an order from a customer for sales and purchase of Securities listed in a Financial Instruments Exchange or Over-the-Counter Traded Securities or other transactions specified by a Cabinet Order, deliver in advance to the customer, pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance, a document stating its Best Execution Policy, etc. pertaining to the relevant transaction; provided, however, that this shall not apply where such document (in cases where its Best Execution Policy, etc. has been revised, a document stating the revised policy) has already been delivered.
- 公開買付者が対質問回答報告書を提出したときは、直ちに当該対質問回答報告書の写しを当該対象者(当該対質問回答報告書を提出した日において、既に当該発行者の株券等に係る公開買付届出書を提出している者がある場合には、当該提出している者を含む。)に送付するとともに、当該公開買付けに係る株券等が第二十七条の三第四項各号に掲げる株券等に該当する場合には、当該各号に掲げる株券等の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める者に送付しなければならない。
- The Tender Offeror shall, immediately after the submission of the Tender Offeror's Answer, send a copy of the Tender Offeror's Answer to the Subject Company (and the person who has already submitted a Tender Offer Notification with regard to any Share Certificates, etc. issued by the Subject Company as of the day on which the Tender Offeror's Answer is submitted, if any), and, if the Share Certificates, etc. for which the Tender Offer is made fall under any of the categories listed in the items of Article 27-3(4), also send a copy of the Tender Offeror's Answer to the exchange or association specified in these items for each kind of Securities set forth in the respective items.
- 債務者の財産に対して既にされている強制執行、仮差押え、仮処分又は一般の先取特権の実行若しくは留置権(商法(明治三十二年法律第四十八号)又は会社法の規定によるものを除く。)による競売(以下この節において「強制執行等」という。)の手続で、債務者につき破産手続開始の決定がされたとすれば破産債権若しくは財団債権となるべきもの(以下この項及び次条第八項において「破産債権等」という。)に基づくもの又は破産債権等を被担保債権とするもの
- Procedure already initiated against the debtor's property for compulsory execution, provisional seizure, provisional disposition, or exercise of a general statutory lien or auction by reason of a right of retention (excluding a right of retention under the provisions of the Commercial Code (Act No. 48 of 1899) or the Companies Act) (hereinafter referred to as 'compulsory execution, etc.' in this Section), which is based on a claim that is supposed to be a bankruptcy claim or claim on the estate should an order of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings be made against the debtor (hereinafter referred to as a 'bankruptcy claim, etc.' in this paragraph and paragraph (8) of the following Article), or is intended to secure a bankruptcy claim, etc.
- 発行者、有価証券の売出しをする者、引受人、金融商品取引業者、登録金融機関又は金融商品仲介業者は、第一項の有価証券(政令で定めるものに限る。以下この項において同じ。)又は既に開示された有価証券を募集又は売出しにより取得させ、又は売り付ける場合において、その取得させ、又は売り付ける時までに、相手方から第十三条第二項第二号に定める事項に関する内容を記載した目論見書の交付の請求があつたときには、直ちに、当該目論見書を交付しなければならない。
- In cases where the Issuer, a person who engages in Secondary Distribution of Securities, an Underwriter, a Financial Instruments Business Operator, a Registered Financial Institution, or a Financial Instruments Intermediary Service Provider has another person acquire Securities referred to in paragraph (1) (limited to those so specified by a Cabinet Order; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) or Already Disclosed Securities, or sells such Securities to another person, through Public Offering or Secondary Distribution, if the other person requests the Prospectus stating the matters specified in Article 13(2)(ii) by the time when such Securities are acquired or sold through Public Offering or Secondary Distribution, they shall deliver the Prospectus to the other person immediately.
- 第九十三条第四項の規定により強制管理の開始決定の効力が給付義務者に対して生じたときは、給付請求権に対する差押命令又は差押処分であつて既に効力が生じていたものは、その効力を停止する。ただし、強制管理の開始決定の給付義務者に対する効力の発生が第百六十五条各号(第百六十七条の十四において第百六十五条各号(第三号及び第四号を除く。)の規定を準用する場合及び第百九十三条第二項において準用する場合を含む。)に掲げる時後であるときは、この限りでない。
- When a commencement order for compulsory administration has become effective against a person obligated to deliver pursuant to the provisions of Article 93(4), the effects of any order of seizure or disposition of seizure against the delivery claim, which was already effective, shall be suspended; provided, however, that this shall not apply to cases where the commencement order for compulsory administration becomes effective against the person obligated to deliver after the times listed in the items of Article 165 (including the cases where the provisions of the items of Article 165 [excluding item (iii) and item (iv)] are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 167-14 and the cases where they are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 193(2)).
- 公開買付者は、第一項から第四項までの規定により訂正届出書を提出したときは、政令で定めるところにより、当該訂正届出書に記載した内容のうち公開買付開始公告に記載した内容に係るものを公告し、又は内閣府令で定めるところにより公表しなければならない。ただし、既に第二十七条の六第二項の規定による公告若しくは同条第三項の規定による公表及び公告を行つた場合又は第一項の規定による訂正届出書でその内容が軽微なものとして内閣府令で定めるものを提出した場合は、この限りでない。
- When the Tender Offeror submits an amendment under the provisions of paragraphs (1) to (4), he/she shall give public notice of the descriptions in the amendment made pertaining to those in the Tender Offer Notification pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Order, or publicly announce the same pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the cases where public notice under Article 27-6(2) or public notice and public announcement under Article 27-6(3) has already been made or where the amendment is submitted under paragraph (1) and falls under the category specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance as an amendment submitted for only a minor change.
- 既に内閣府令で定める期間継続して有価証券報告書のうち内閣府令で定めるものを提出している者は、前条第一項又は第二項の規定による届出をしようとする場合には、第一項の届出書に、内閣府令で定めるところにより、その者に係る直近の有価証券報告書及びその添付書類並びにその提出以後に提出される四半期報告書又は半期報告書並びにこれらの訂正報告書の写しをとじ込み、かつ、当該有価証券報告書提出後に生じた事実で内閣府令で定めるものを記載することにより、同項第二号に掲げる事項の記載に代えることができる。
- When a person who has continuously filed Annual Securities Reports as specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance during the period specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance makes a notification under paragraph (1) or (2) of the preceding Article, such a person may, instead of descriptions of the matters listed in item (ii) of paragraph (1), insert a copy of the latest Annual Securities Report pertaining to the person and the documents attached thereto, a copy of the Quarterly Securities Report or Semiannual Securities Report submitted after the submission of the Annual Securities Report and a copy of amendment reports submitted with regard to the foregoing reports to the statement set forth in paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance, and state facts that occurred after the submission of the Annual Securities Report and fall under the category of facts specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance in the statement set forth in paragraph (1).
- 公開買付けに係る対象者が意見表明報告書を提出したときは、直ちに当該意見表明報告書の写しを当該公開買付けに係る公開買付者(当該意見表明報告書を提出した日において、当該公開買付者以外の者で既に当該対象者である発行者の株券等に係る公開買付届出書を提出している者がある場合には、当該提出している者を含む。)に送付するとともに、当該公開買付けに係る株券等が第二十七条の三第四項各号に掲げる株券等に該当する場合には、当該各号に掲げる株券等の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める者に送付しなければならない。
- The Subject Company of a Tender Offer shall, immediately after the submission of the Subject Company's Position Statement, send a copy of the Subject Company's Position Statement to the Tender Offeror of the Tender Offer (and the person who has already submitted a Tender Offer Notification with regard to any Share Certificates, etc. issued by the Subject Company as of the day on which the Subject Company's Position Statement is submitted, if any), and, if the Share Certificates, etc. for which the Tender Offer is made fall under any of the categories listed in the items of Article 27-3(4), also send a copy of the Subject Company's Position Statement to the exchange or association specified in these items for each kind of Securities set forth in the respective items.
- 当該消費者契約に基づき支払うべき金銭の全部又は一部を消費者が支払期日(支払回数が二以上である場合には、それぞれの支払期日。以下この号において同じ。)までに支払わない場合における損害賠償の額を予定し、又は違約金を定める条項であって、これらを合算した額が、支払期日の翌日からその支払をする日までの期間について、その日数に応じ、当該支払期日に支払うべき額から当該支払期日に支払うべき額のうち既に支払われた額を控除した額に年十四・六パーセントの割合を乗じて計算した額を超えるもの 当該超える部分
- As to the clauses in a consumer contract which stipulate the amount of damages or fix the penalty in the case of a total or partial default (if the number of payments is more than one, every failure of payment is a default in this item) of a consumer who is over due, when the total amount of liquidated damages and the penalty exceeds the amount calculated by deducting the amount of money actually paid from the amount of money which should have been paid on the due date and multiplying by 14.6% a year in accordance with the number of days from the due date to the day on which the money is actually paid The part that so exceeds.
- 内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引業者の役員(外国法人にあつては、国内における営業所若しくは事務所に駐在する役員又は国内における代表者に限る。以下この項及び次条第二項において同じ。)が、第二十九条の四第一項第二号イからトまでのいずれかに該当することとなつたとき、第二十九条の登録当時既に同号イからトまでのいずれかに該当していたことが判明したとき、又は前項第六号若しくは第八号から第十号までのいずれかに該当することとなつたときは、当該金融商品取引業者に対して、当該役員の解任を命ずることができる。
- When an Officer of a Financial Instruments Business Operator (with regard to a foreign juridical person, limited to Officers stationed at business offices or offices in Japan or representative persons in Japan; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph and paragraph (2) of the following Article) comes to fall under any of Article 29-4(1)(ii)(a) to (g), is found to fall under any of (a) to (g) of said item at the time of registration under Article 29, or comes to fall under any of item (vi) or item (viii) to (x) of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister may order said Financial Instruments Business Operator to dismiss said Officer.
- 信三郎は、「第2の遺言書」の作成時点では既に脳梗塞のために要介護状態で書くのが困難であった事、「第1の遺言書」が巻紙に毛筆で書いて実印を捺印しているのに対して、「第2の遺言書」が便箋にボールペンで書かれていること(但し、法律上は用紙は関係ない)、捺印している印鑑が「一澤」ではなく信太郎の登記上の名字「一沢」になっていることから、当時社長だった三男・信三郎は信太郎が保有する「第2の遺言書」の無効確認を求め提訴する(故・信夫の弟で、当時専務であった元社長・恒三郎も同様の疑問を投げかけている)。
- The third son Shinzaburo (then president) filed a suit seeking reversal of the 'second will' which Shintaro owned, based on that: at the time of creating the 'second will,' Nobuo, who suffered a stroke, did not have the capacity to draw up a will while under conditions requiring nursing care; in contrast to the 'first will' written with a brush on rolled paper with a registered seal, the 'second will' was written with a ballpoint pen on letter paper (note that the form of paper is not a legal issue); and the seal placed on the second will was not 'Ichizawa (一澤),' but 'Ichizawa (一沢)' which was the registered family name of Shintaro (Tsunesaburo (the former president, then executive director), the younger brother of the late Nobuo, also made the same argument).
- 執行文付与に対する異議の訴え又は請求異議の訴えの提起があつた場合において、異議のため主張した事情が法律上理由があるとみえ、かつ、事実上の点について疎明があつたときは、受訴裁判所は、申立てにより、終局判決において次条第一項の裁判をするまでの間、担保を立てさせ、若しくは立てさせないで強制執行の停止を命じ、又はこれとともに、担保を立てさせて強制執行の続行を命じ、若しくは担保を立てさせて既にした執行処分の取消しを命ずることができる。急迫の事情があるときは、裁判長も、これらの処分を命ずることができる。
- In cases where an action to oppose a grant of a certificate of execution or an action to oppose execution has been filed, if the circumstances alleged for opposition appear to be legally well-grounded and a prima facie showing is made on factual matters, the court in charge of the case may, upon petition, order a stay of compulsory execution while requiring or not requiring provision of security until the judicial decision set forth in paragraph (1) of the following Article is made in the final judgment, or, in addition to such order, order continuation of compulsory execution while requiring provision of security or order revocation of a disposition of execution already made while requiring provision of security. When there are pressing circumstances, the presiding judge may also order such dispositions.
- 公開買付者は、当該公開買付届出書を提出した後、直ちに当該公開買付届出書の写しを当該公開買付けに係る株券等の発行者(当該公開買付届出書を提出した日において、既に当該発行者の株券等に係る公開買付届出書の提出をしている者がある場合には、当該提出をしている者を含む。)に送付するとともに、当該公開買付けに係る株券等が次の各号に掲げる株券等に該当する場合には、当該各号に掲げる株券等の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める者に送付しなければならない。この場合において、当該写しの送付に関し必要な事項は、内閣府令で定める。
- The Tender Offeror shall, immediately after the submission of the Tender Offer Notification, send a copy of the Tender Offer Notification to the Issuer of the Share Certificates, etc. to which the Tender Offer is made (and the person who has already submitted a Tender Offer Notification with regard to any Share Certificates, etc. issued by the Issuer as of the day on which the Tender Offer Notification is submitted, if any), and, if the Share Certificates, etc. for which the Tender Offer is made falls under any of the categories listed in the following items, also send a copy of the Tender Offer Notification to the exchange or association specified in the following items for each kind of Share Certificates, etc. set forth in the respective items. In this case, matters necessary for sending of the copies shall be specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance:
- 既に、有価証券報告書(第二十四条第一項に規定する報告書をいう。以下この条において同じ。)のうち同項本文に規定する事項を記載したもの又は第二十四条の四の七第一項若しくは第二項の規定による四半期報告書(以下この条において「四半期報告書」という。)のうち第二十四条の四の七第一項に規定する事項を記載したもの若しくは半期報告書(第二十四条の五第一項に規定する報告書をいう。以下この条及び第二十四条第二項において同じ。)のうち第二十四条の五第一項に規定する事項を記載したものを提出している者(前二号に掲げる者を除く。)
- the person who has already submitted an Annual Securities Report (meaning the report set forth in Article 24(1); hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) which contains descriptions on the matters set forth in the main clause of Article 24(1), a Quarterly Securities Report set forth in Article 24-4-7(1) or (2) (hereinafter referred to as a 'Quarterly Securities Report' in this Article) which contains descriptions on the matters set forth in Article 24-4-7(1), or a Semiannual Securities Report (meaning the report set forth in Article 24-5(1); hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article and Article 24(2)) which contains descriptions on the matters set forth in Article 24-5(1) (excluding those specified in the preceding two items).
- これは、2月に太政大臣に就任したばかりである近衛前久が5月に突如辞任していること、本能寺の変後の7月17日_(旧暦)に羽柴秀吉から毛利輝元に宛てられた手紙において、秀吉が信長のことを「大相国」と呼んでいるが、信長に対する太政大臣贈官が宮中で論じられたのは同年10月の事であること、加えてその結果出された贈官の宣命には「重而太政大臣」の語句があり、これを太政大臣の辞令が出されたのが2度目であると解釈して、1度目の辞令を三職推任問題の時に既に太政大臣就任の内諾を信長から得たことにより、非公式な内定が出されていたと解している。
- He thinks that the informal decision of appointing Nobunaga as Daijo daijin had been already made after confirming his informal consent when Haretoyo talked about Sanshoku suinin mondai based on the following facts: Sakihisa KONOE, who assumed Daijo daijin in March (February in old lunar calendar), abruptly resigned in June (May in old lunar calendar); Hideyoshi called Nobunaga 'Daishokoku' (the Grand Minister) in his letter to Terumoto MORI on August 15 (July 17 in old lunar calendar) after the Honnoji Incident, while the formal discussion at court on granting a posthumous title of Daijo daijin to Nobunaga was in October; and the subsequently issued Emperor's order of the posthumous title for Nobunaga contained a word 'choji Dajodaijin' (重而太政大臣) (the Grand Minister again), which Hashimoto believed meant the second appointment of Nobunaga as Daijo daijin.
- 何人も、第四条第一項本文若しくは第二項本文の規定の適用を受ける有価証券又は既に開示された有価証券の募集又は売出しのために第一項の目論見書以外の文書、図画、音声その他の資料(電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。以下同じ。)をもつて作成された場合においては、その電磁的記録に記録された情報の内容を表示したものを含む。第十七条において同じ。)を使用する場合には、虚偽の表示又は誤解を生じさせる表示をしてはならない。
- When documents other than the Prospectus referred to in paragraph (1), drawings, sound or other materials (in cases where they are prepared as Electromagnetic Record (a record made by an electronic form, a magnetic form, or any other form not recognizable to human perception, which is used in information processing by computers; the same shall apply hereinafter), including anything which indicates the information contained in the Electromagnetic Records; the same shall apply in Article 17) are used for the purpose of Public Offering or Secondary Distribution of Securities that is subject to the main clause of Article 4(1) or the main clause of Article 4(2) or Already Disclosed Securities, no false indication or misleading indication shall be made.
- 他の適格消費者団体を当事者とする差止請求に係る訴訟等(訴訟並びに和解の申立てに係る手続、調停及び仲裁をいう。以下同じ。)につき,既に確定判決等(確定判決及びこれと同一の効力を有するものをいい、次のイからハまでに掲げるものを除く。以下同じ。)が存する場合において、請求の内容及び相手方である事業者等が同一である場合。ただし、当該他の適格消費者団体について、当該確定判決等に係る訴訟等の手続に関し、次条第一項の認定が第三十四条第一項第四号に掲げる事由により取り消され、又は同条第三項の規定により同条第一項第四号に掲げる事由があった旨の認定がされたときは、この限りでない。
- In the case where a final and binding judgment etc. (hereinafter referred to as final judgment and those with the same effect, but excluding those listed in (a) to (c) below) has been given against the other qualified consumer organization with respect to the lawsuit etc. (hereinafter referred to as proceedings of lawsuit and petition for settlement, conciliation and arbitration) in connection with the demand for injunction and the contents of the demand and the business operator, etc. being the opposite party of the demand are the same with those of lawsuits, etc.; provided, however, this shall not apply to cases where certification as a qualified consumer organization provided in para. (1) of the following article has been rescinded with respect to said lawsuit, etc. relating to the said final and binding judgment for the reasons provided in item (iv) of para. (1) of Article 34, or it has been found that any of the reasons provided in item (iv) of para. (1) of the same article existed pursuant to para. (3) of the same article.
- 貸金業者は、前二項の規定による調査をしなければならない場合において、当該個人顧客に係る第五項に規定する極度方式個人顧客合算額が百万円を超えるときは、当該調査を行うに際し、当該個人顧客から源泉徴収票その他の当該個人顧客の収入又は収益その他の資力を明らかにする事項を記載し、又は記録した書面又は電磁的記録として内閣府令で定めるものの提出又は提供を受けなければならない。ただし、貸金業者が既に当該個人顧客の源泉徴収票その他の当該個人顧客の収入又は収益その他の資力を明らかにする事項を記載し、又は記録した書面又は電磁的記録として内閣府令で定めるものの提出又は提供を受けている場合は、この限りでない。
- A Money Lender shall, in cases where he/she must carry out an investigation under the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs and when the Total Borrowings of an Individual Customer under a Revolving Credit Loan prescribed in paragraph (5) pertaining to the Individual Customer exceed one million yen, have the Individual Customer submit or provide a Withholding Record or other documents or Electromagnetic Records containing or in which are recorded matters that disclose the income or profits or other financial resources of the Individual Customer as specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance in carrying out the investigation; provided, however, that, this shall not apply to cases where the Money Lender has already received a Withholding Record or other documents or Electromagnetic Records containing or in which are recorded matters that disclose the income or profits or other financial resources of the Individual Customer as specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance that have been submitted or provided by the Individual Customer.
- 内閣総理大臣は、第五条第一項及び第六項若しくは前条の規定による届出書類の内容が公衆に容易に理解されると認める場合又は当該届出書類の届出者に係る第五条第一項第二号に掲げる事項に関する情報が既に公衆に広範に提供されていると認める場合においては、当該届出者に対し、第一項に規定する期間に満たない期間を指定し、又は第四条第一項若しくは第二項の規定による届出が、直ちに若しくは第一項に規定する届出書を受理した日の翌日に、その効力を生ずる旨を通知することができる。この場合において、同条第一項又は第二項の規定による届出は、当該満たない期間を指定した場合にあつてはその期間を経過した日に、当該通知をした場合にあつては直ちに若しくは当該翌日に、その効力を生ずる。
- When the Prime Minister believes that the statement set forth in Article 5(1) and other documents set forth in Article 5(6) or the preceding Article are easily understandable to the public or finds that information on the matters listed in Article 5(1)(ii) pertaining to the person who submitted the statement and the other documents has been widely available to the public, he/she may designate a period for the person shorter than that referred to in paragraph (1) or give the person a notice that the notification made under Article 4(1) or (2) will come into effect immediately or on the day following the day on which he/she accepts the statement referred to in paragraph (1). In this case, the notification made under Article 4(1) or (2) shall come into effect on the day on which the shorter period has elapsed in cases where the shorter period is designated, or shall come into effect immediately or on said following day in cases where said notice is given.
- 公開買付けに係る対象者は、内閣府令で定める場合には、第二十七条の十第九項(同条第十項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により当該公開買付けに係る公開買付者(当該公開買付けに係る意見表明報告書(その訂正報告書を含む。以下この項において同じ。)を提出した日において、当該公開買付者以外の者で既に当該公開買付けに係る発行者の株券等に係る公開買付届出書の提出をしている者がある場合には、当該提出をしている者を含む。)に送付するものとされている書類の写しに代えて、当該意見表明報告書に記載すべき事項を電子情報処理組織を使用する方法その他の内閣府令で定める方法により提供することができる。この場合において、当該公開買付けに係る対象者は、当該書類の写しを送付したものとみなす。
- A Subject Company of a Tender Offer may, in lieu of the copies of the documents to be sent under the provision of Article 27-10(9) (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-10(10)) to the Tender Offeror pertaining to the Tender Offer (in cases where, as of the day when the Tender Offeror has submitted the Subject Company's Position Statement (including the Amendment Reports thereof; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) pertaining to said Tender Offer, any person other than the Tender Offeror has already submitted the Tender Offer Notification relating to the Share Certificates, etc. of the issuer pertaining to said Tender Offer, including said person), provide the information to be contained in the Subject Company's Position Statement by means of the electronic data processing system or by other method specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance, in the cases specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance. In this case, the Subject of said Tender Offer shall be deemed to have sent the copy of said documents.
- その募集又は売出し(第四条第一項第四号に掲げる有価証券の売出しを除くものとし、適格機関投資家取得有価証券一般勧誘(有価証券の売出しに該当するものを除く。)を含む。以下この条並びに第十五条第二項から第四項まで及び第六項において同じ。)につき第四条第一項本文又は第二項本文の規定の適用を受ける有価証券の発行者は、当該募集又は売出しに際し、目論見書を作成しなければならない。開示が行われている場合(同条第一項第二号イに規定する開示が行われている場合をいう。以下この章において同じ。)における有価証券の売出し(その売出価額の総額が一億円未満であるものその他内閣府令で定めるものを除く。)に係る有価証券(以下この章において「既に開示された有価証券」という。)の発行者についても、同様とする。
- With regard to Securities of which Public Offering or Secondary Distribution (excluding Secondary Distribution of Securities specified in Article 4(1)(iv), but including General Solicitation for Securities Acquired by Qualified Institutional Investor (excluding those falling under the category of Secondary Distribution of Securities); hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article and paragraphs (2) to (4) and paragraph (6) of Article 15) shall be subject to the main clause of Article 4(1) or the main clause of Article 4(2), the Issuer of such Securities shall prepare a Prospectus for the Public Offering or Secondary Distribution. The same shall apply to an Issuer of Securities of which the Secondary Distribution (excluding that of which the total distribution price is less than 100 million yen or that falling under the categories specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance) falls under the Case Where Disclosures Have Been Made (meaning the Case Where Disclosures Have Been Made as referred to in Article 4(1)(ii)(a); the same shall apply hereinafter in this Chapter) (such Securities are hereinafter referred to as 'Already Disclosed Securities' in this Chapter).
- 大量保有報告書を提出すべき者は、大量保有者となつた日の後に、株券等保有割合(第二十七条の二十三第四項に規定する株券等保有割合をいう。以下この章において同じ。)が百分の一以上増加し又は減少した場合(保有株券等の総数の増加又は減少を伴わない場合を除く。以下この章において同じ。)その他の大量保有報告書に記載すべき重要な事項の変更として政令で定めるものがあつた場合は、内閣府令で定めるところにより、その日から五日以内に、当該変更に係る事項に関する報告書(以下「変更報告書」という。)を内閣総理大臣に提出しなければならない。ただし、株券等保有割合が百分の一以上減少したことによる変更報告書で当該変更報告書に記載された株券等保有割合が百分の五以下であるものを既に提出している場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合については、この限りでない。
- A person who is required to submit a Report of Possession of Large Volume shall, if, after the day when the person has come to be a Large Volume Holder, the Holding Ratio of Share Certificates, etc. (meaning the Holding Ratio of Share Certificates, etc. set forth in Article 27-23(4); hereinafter the same shall apply in this Chapter) has increased or decreased by 1% or more (excluding the case where said increase or decrease does not result in increase or decrease in the Total Number of Share Certificates, etc. Held by said person; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Chapter), or where there arises any other matters specified by a Cabinet Order as changes in important matters to be contained in the Report of Possession of Large Volume, submit to the Prime Minister a report on the changed matters (hereinafter referred to as a 'Change Report') within five days from the change, pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance; provided, however, that this shall not apply to a Change Report that reports a decrease of 1% or more in the Holding Ratio of Share Certificates, etc., in which case a Change Report reporting that the Holding Ratio of Share Certificates, etc. are 5% or less has already been submitted or to other cases specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance.
- 貸金業者は、前項の場合において、次の各号に掲げる場合のいずれかに該当するときは、第一項の規定による調査を行うに際し、資金需要者である個人の顧客(以下この節において「個人顧客」という。)から源泉徴収票(所得税法(昭和四十年法律第三十三号)第二百二十六条第一項に規定する源泉徴収票をいう。以下この項及び第十三条の三第三項において同じ。)その他の当該個人顧客の収入又は収益その他の資力を明らかにする事項を記載し、又は記録した書面又は電磁的記録として内閣府令で定めるものの提出又は提供を受けなければならない。ただし、貸金業者が既に当該個人顧客の源泉徴収票その他の当該個人顧客の収入又は収益その他の資力を明らかにする事項を記載し、又は記録した書面又は電磁的記録として内閣府令で定めるものの提出又は提供を受けている場合は、この限りでない。
- In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph and in the cases where any of the following items apply, a Money Lender shall, when conducting an investigation under the provisions of paragraph (1), have the Individual Customer submit or provide Withholding Records (meaning withholding records as provided in Article 226, paragraph (1) of the Income Tax Act (Act No. 33 of 1965); hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph and Article 13-3, paragraph (3)) or other documents or Electromagnetic Records containing or in which are recorded the matters that disclose the income or profits or other financial resources of an individual customer who is a person seeking funds (hereinafter referred to as an 'Individual Customer' in this Section) as specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance and that have been submitted or provided by the Individual Customer; provided, however, that this shall not apply if the Money Lender has already received the Individual Customer's Withholding Records or other documents or Electromagnetic Records containing or in which are recorded the matters that disclose the income or profits or other financial resources of the Individual Customer as specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance:
- 外国で既に発行された有価証券(政令で定めるものを除く。)その他これに準ずるものとして政令で定める有価証券の売付けの申込み又はその買付けの申込みの勧誘で、第四条第一項本文の規定の適用を受けないもの(以下この条において「海外発行証券の少人数向け勧誘」という。)は、当該有価証券がその買付者から多数の者に譲渡されるおそれを少なくするために必要な条件として政令で定める条件が当該有価証券の売付けに付されることを明らかにして、しなければならない。た だし、当該有価証券に関して開示が行われている場合、当該有価証券の売付けの総額が一億円を超えない範囲内で内閣府令で定める金額未満である場合その他当 該有価証券の売付けに当該条件を付さなくても公益又は投資者保護に欠けることがないものとして内閣府令で定める要件を満たす場合については、この限りでな い。
- With regard to Securities already-issued in a foreign State (excluding those specified by a Cabinet Order) or Securities specified by a Cabinet Order as those equivalent to such Securities, among solicitations of an application to sell or purchase such Securities, those exempted from application of the main clause of Article 4(1) (hereinafter referred to as 'Solicitation for Small Number of Investors for Foreign Securities)' in this Article) shall be made by clearly indicating that the conditions specified by a Cabinet Order as those necessary to reduce the likelihood that the Securities will be transferred from any person who purchased them to a large number of persons are imposed on sales of the Securities; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the Case Where Disclosures Have Been Made with regard to the Securities and to cases where the requirements specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance in order to qualify sales of Securities as those which will not impair the public interest or protection of investors even if such conditions are not imposed thereon, including the requirement that the total amount of the sales of the Securities must be less than the amount specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance, which may not be more than 100 million yen, are satisfied.
- その有価証券発行勧誘等が次に掲げる場合に該当するものであつた有価証券(第一号に掲げる場合にあつては、第二条第三項第一号の規定により当該有価証券発行勧誘等の相手方から除かれた適格機関投資家が取得した有価証券に限る。)の有価証券交付勧誘等(既に発行された有価証券の売付けの申込み又はその買付けの申込みの勧誘及び組織再編成交付手続をいう。以下同じ。)で、適格機関投資家が適格機関投資家以外の者に対して行うもの(以下「適格機関投資家取得有価証券一般勧誘」という。)は、発行者が当該適格機関投資家取得有価証券一般勧誘に関し内閣総理大臣に届出をしているものでなければ、することができない。ただし、当該有価証券に関して開示が行われている場合及び内閣府令で定めるやむを得ない理由により行われることその他の内閣府令で定める要件を満たす場合は、この限りでない。
- With regard to Securities for which a Solicitation for Newly Issued Securities, etc. falling under any of the following categories was made (in cases where the Solicitation for Newly Issued Securities, etc. having been made for these Securities falls under the category set forth in item (i) below, limited to Securities acquired by Qualified Institutional Investors who are excluded under the provision of Article 2(3)(i) from the number of persons to which the Solicitation for Newly Issued Securities, etc. was made), a Solicitation for Delivery of Existing Securities, etc. (meaning a solicitation of an application to sell or purchase already-issued Securities and Procedures Relating to Securities Delivery for Reorganization; the same shall apply hereinafter) which are made by a Qualified Institutional Investor to persons other than Qualified Institutional Investors (hereinafter referred to as a 'General Solicitation for Securities Acquired by Qualified Institutional Investor') may not be made unless the Issuer of the Securities has made a notification of the General Solicitation for Securities Acquired by Qualified Institutional Investor to the Prime Minister; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the cases where disclosures have been made with regard to the Securities and to the cases where the General Solicitation for Securities Acquired by Qualified Institutional Investor is to be made for a compelling reason as specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance or otherwise satisfies the requirements specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance:
- 内閣総理大臣は、現に係属する差止請求に係る訴訟につき既に他の適格消費者団体を当事者とする第十二条第五項第二号本文の確定判決等が存する場合において、消費者団体につき当該確定判決等に係る訴訟等の手続に関し第三十四条第一項第四号に掲げる事由があると疑うに足りる相当な理由がある場合(同条第二項の規定により同号に掲げる事由があるものとみなすことができる場合を含む。)であって、同条第一項の規定による第十三条第一項の認定の取消し又は第三十四条第三項の規定による認定(次項において「認定の取消し等」という。)をするかどうかの判断をするため相当の期間を要すると認めるときは、内閣府令で定めるところにより、当該差止請求に係る訴訟が係属する裁判所(以下この条において「受訴裁判所」という。)に対し、その旨及びその判断に要すると認められる期間を通知するものとする。
- In the case where a final and binding judgment, etc., to which another qualified consumer organization is a party, has been already issued pursuant to the main clause of item (ii) of para. (5) of Article 12, with respect to a pending lawsuit for demand of an injunction, and there is a reasonable ground to suspect that said another qualified consumer organization have any of the reasons provided for in item (iv) of the para. (1) of Article 34, with respect to court proceedings, etc. pertaining to said final and binding judgment, etc. (including the case where they may be deemed to have any of the reasons provided for in item (iv) of the para. (1) of Article 34 pursuant to the provision of para. (2) of Article 34), and it is found that considerable period of time may be required to determine the rescission of certification provided in the para. (1) of Article 13 pursuant to the provision of para. (1) of Article 34 or the certification pursuant to the provision of para. (3) of Article 34 (hereinafter referred to as 'Rescission of Certification, etc.' in the following article), the Prime Minister shall notify the court where the lawsuit for an injunction is pending (hereinafter referred to as 'Court in Charge of the Case' in this article) of the same and the period of time expected to be required to determine, pursuant to a Cabinet Office Ordinance.
- 銀行議決権大量保有者は、一の銀行の総株主の議決権の百分の五を超える議決権又は一の銀行持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五を超える議決権の保有者となつた日の後に、前条第一項各号に掲げる事項の変更があつた場合(議決権保有割合の変更の場合にあつては、百分の一以上増加し又は減少した場合に限る。)には、内閣府令で定めるところにより、その日から五日以内(保有する議決権の数に増加がない場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合にあつては、内閣府令で定める日以内)に、当該変更に係る報告書(以下この条及び次条において「変更報告書」という。)を内閣総理大臣に提出しなければならない。ただし、議決権保有割合が百分の一以上減少したことによる変更報告書で当該変更報告書に記載された議決権保有割合が百分の五以下であるものを既に提出している場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合については、この限りでない。
- A Major Holder of Voting Rights in a Bank shall, in the case where any matters listed in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article have been changed (in the case of a change in the Proportion of Voting Rights Held, it shall be limited to a case where the proportion has increased or decreased by one hundredth or more) after the day on which he/she became a holder of voting rights exceeding five hundredths of the voting rights of all of a single Bank's shareholders or voting rights that exceed five hundredths of the voting rights of all of a single Bank Holding Company's shareholders, he/she shall, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Ordinance, submit a report pertaining to that change (hereinafter referred to as a 'Change Report' in this Article and the following Article) to the Prime Minister within five days from that day (within the number of days specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance in the case where the number of voting rights held has not increased or in any other case specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance); provided, however, that this shall not apply to the case where a Change Report has already been submitted based on a decrease in the Proportion of Voting Rights Held by one hundredth or more and the Proportion of Voting Rights Held stated in that Change Report is five hundredths or less, or to any other case specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance.
- 第四条第一項本文若しくは第二項本文の規定の適用を受ける有価証券又は既に開示された有価証券の募集又は売出しについて、重要な事項について虚偽の記載があり、若しくは記載すべき重要な事項若しくは誤解を生じさせないために必要な事実の記載が欠けている第十三条第一項の目論見書又は重要な事項について虚偽の表示若しくは誤解を生ずるような表示があり、若しくは誤解を生じさせないために必要な事実の表示が欠けている資料を使用して有価証券を取得させた者は、記載が虚偽であり、若しくは欠けていること又は表示が虚偽であり、若しくは誤解を生ずるような表示であり、若しくは表示が欠けていることを知らないで当該有価証券を取得した者が受けた損害を賠償する責めに任ずる。ただし、賠償の責めに任ずべき者が、記載が虚偽であり、若しくは欠けていること又は表示が虚偽であり、若しくは誤解を生ずるような表示であることを知らず、かつ、相当な注意を用いたにもかかわらず知ることができなかつたことを証明したときは、この限りでない。
- With regard to a Public Offering or Secondary Distribution of Securities that is subject to the main clause of Article 4(1) or the main clause of Article 4(2) or Already Disclosed Securities, a person who has another person acquire the Securities using a Prospectus referred to in Article 13(1) that contains any fake statement on important matters or lacks a statement on important matters that should be stated or on a material fact that is necessary for avoiding misunderstanding, or a material that contains any false indication or misleading indication on important matters or lacks indication on a material fact that is necessary for avoiding misunderstanding, shall be held liable to compensate damage sustained by the other person who acquires the Securities without knowing of the existence of such fake statement, lack of such statement, the existence of such false indication or misleading indication or lack of such indication; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the cases where the person liable for such damage proves that he/she did not know of, and was not able to know of even with reasonable care, the existence of such fake statement, lack of such statement, the existence of such false indication or misleading indication or lack of such indication.
- 公開買付者(第二十七条の二十二の二第二項において準用する第二十七条の三第二項に規定する公開買付者をいう。以下この項において同じ。)は、内閣府令で定める場合には、第二十七条の二十二の二第二項又は第三項において準用する第二十七条の三第四項の規定により当該公開買付け(第二十七条の二十二の二第二項において準用する第二十七条の三第一項に規定する公開買付けをいう。以下この項において同じ。)に係る公開買付届出書(第二十七条の二十二の二第二項において準用する第二十七条の三第二項に規定する公開買付届出書をいい、その訂正届出書を含む。)を提出した日において、既に当該公開買付者である会社が発行者である株券等に係る公開買付届出書(第二十七条の三第二項に規定する公開買付届出書をいう。)の提出をしている者がある場合において送付するものとされている書類の写しに代えて、当該公開買付けに係る公開買付届出書(第二十七条の二十二の二第二項において準用する第二十七条の三第二項に規定する公開買付届出書をいい、その訂正届出書を含む。)に記載すべき事項を電子情報処理組織を使用する方法その他の内閣府令で定める方法により提供することができる。この場合において、当該公開買付者は、当該書類の写しを送付したものとみなす。
- A Tender Offeror (meaning the Tender Offeror prescribed in Article 27-3(2) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-22-2(2); hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) may, in lieu of the copies of the documents to be sent under the provision of Article 27-3(4) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-22-2(2) or (3) to the person who has already submitted the Tender Offer Notification (meaning the Tender Offer Notification prescribed in Article 27-3(2)) pertaining to the Share Certificates, etc. issued by a company which is the Tender Offeror, as of the date when the Tender Offeror has submitted the Tender Offer Notification (meaning the Tender Offer Notification prescribed in Article 27-3(2) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-22-2(2), and including Amendments thereof) pertaining to the Tender Offer (meaning the Tender Offer prescribed in Article 27-3(1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-22-2(2); hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph), provide the information to be contained in the Tender Offer Notification (meaning the Tender Offer Notification prescribed in Article 27-3(2) as applied mutatis mutandis to Article 27-22-2(2), and including the Amendments thereof) pertaining to said Tender Offer by means of the electronic data processing system or by any other method specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance, in the case specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance. In this case, said Tender Offeror shall be deemed to have sent the copy of said documents.
- 信託会社、外国信託会社又は信託業法第五十条の二第一項の登録を受けた者が前項の規定により信託受益権の売買等を業として行う場合においては、これらの者を金融商品取引業者とみなして、第三十四条から第三十四条の五まで、第三十六条、第三十六条の二第一項(同法第五十条の二第一項の登録を受けた者が信託受益権の売買等を業として行う場合に限る。)、第三十六条の三、第三十七条(第一項第二号を除く。)、第三十七条の二、第三十七条の三(第一項第二号を除く。)、第三十七条の四、第三十七条の六、第三十八条、第三十九条、第四十条、第四十五条第一号及び第二号、第四十七条から第四十七条の三まで、第五十一条、第五十二条第一項及び第二項、第五十六条の二第一項、第百九十条並びに第百九十四条の五第二項の規定(これらの規定に係る罰則を含む。)を適用する。この場合において、第五十二条第一項中「次の各号のいずれか」とあるのは「第六号又は第九号」と、「当該金融商品取引業者の第二十九条の登録を取り消し、第三十条第一項の認可を取り消し、又は六月以内の期間を定めて」とあるのは「六月以内の期間を定めて」と、同条第二項中「第二十九条の登録当時既に同号イからトまでのいずれかに該当していたことが判明したとき、又は前項第六号若しくは第八号から第十号までのいずれか」とあるのは「又は前項第六号若しくは第九号」とする。
- When a trust company, a foreign trust company or a person registered under Article 50-2(1) of the Trust Business Act engages in the business of the Sales and Purchase, etc. of Trust Beneficial Rights in the course of trade under the provision of the preceding paragraph, these persons shall be deemed to be Financial Instruments Business Operators, and the provisions of Article 34 to Article 34-5 inclusive, Article 36, Article 36-2(1) (limited to cases where a person registered under Article 50-2(1) of the Trust Business Act conducts the Sales and Purchase, etc. of Trust Beneficial Rights in the course of trade), Article 36-3, Article 37 (excluding paragraph (1), item (ii)), Article 37-2, Article 37-3 (excluding paragraph (1), item (ii)), Article 37-4, Article 37-6, Article 38, Article 39, Article 40, Article 45(i) and (ii), Article 47 to Article 47-3 inclusive, Article 51, Article 52(1) and (2), Article 56-2(1), Article 190 and Article 194-5(2) (including penal provisions pertaining to these provisions) shall be applied. In this case, the term 'any of the following items' in Article 52(1) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'item (vi) or (ix)'; the term 'rescind its registration under Article 29, rescind its authorization under Article 30(1), or order suspension of all or part of its business by specifying a period not exceeding six months' in said paragraph shall be deemed to be replaced with 'order suspension of all or part of its business by specifying a period not exceeding six months'; and the term 'was found to fall under any of (a) to (g) of said item at the time of registration under Article 29, or came to fall under any of item (vi) or item (viii) to (x) of the preceding paragraph,' in Article 52(2) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'or came to fall under item (vi) or (ix) of the preceding paragraph'.
- 公開買付者(第二十七条の三第二項に規定する公開買付者をいう。以下この項及び第三項において同じ。)は、内閣府令で定める場合には、第二十七条の三第四項(第二十七条の八第六項(第二十七条の十三第三項において準用する場合を含む。)、第二十七条の十一第四項及び第二十七条の十三第三項において準用する場合を含む。)又は第二十七条の十第十三項(同条第十四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により当該公開買付け(第二十七条の三第一項に規定する公開買付けをいう。以下この項及び第三項において同じ。)に係る株券等の発行者(当該公開買付けに係る公開買付届出書(第二十七条の三第二項に規定する公開買付届出書をいい、その訂正届出書を含む。以下この項及び第三項において同じ。)を提出した日において、既に当該発行者の株券等に係る公開買付届出書の提出をしている者がある場合には、当該提出をしている者を含む。)に送付するものとされている書類の写しに代えて、当該書類の写しに係る公開買付届出書、公開買付撤回届出書(第二十七条の十一第三項に規定する公開買付撤回届出書をいう。)、公開買付報告書(第二十七条の十三第二項に規定する公開買付報告書をいい、その訂正報告書を含む。)及び対質問回答報告書に記載すべき事項を電子情報処理組織を使用する方法その他の内閣府令で定める方法により提供することができる。この場合において、当該公開買付者は、当該書類の写しを送付したものとみなす。
- A Tender Offeror (meaning the Tender Offeror prescribed in Article 27-3(2); hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph and paragraph (3)) may, in lieu of the copies of the documents to be sent to the issuer (in cases where, as of the day when the Tender Offeror has submitted the Tender Offer Notification (meaning the Tender Offer Notification prescribed in Article 27-3(2) and including Amendments thereof; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph and paragraph (3)) pertaining to said Tender Offer, any person has already submitted the Tender Offer Notification pertaining to the Share Certificates, etc. of said issuer, including said person) of the Share Certificates, etc. pertaining to the Tender Offer (meaning the Tender Offer prescribed in Article 27-3(1); hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph and paragraph (3)), under the provisions of Article 27-3(4) (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-8(6) (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-13(3)), Article 27-11(4) and Article 27-13(3)) or Article 27-10(13) (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-10(14)), provide the information to be contained in the Tender Offer Notification, Written Withdrawal of Tender Offer (meaning the Written Withdrawal of Tender Offer prescribed in Article 27-11(3)), Tender Offer Report (meaning the Tender Offer Report prescribed in Article 27-13(2) and including the Amendment Reports thereof) and the Tender Offeror's Answer pertaining to the copies of such documents, by means of the electronic data processing system or by any other methods specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance, in the cases specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance. In this case, said Tender Offeror shall be deemed to have sent the copies of said documents.
- 第二十七条の三第四項並びに第二十七条の八第一項から第六項までの規定は、公開買付報告書について準用する。この場合において、第二十七条の三第四項中「発行者(当該公開買付届出書を提出した日において、既に当該発行者の株券等に係る公開買付届出書の提出をしている者がある場合には、当該提出をしている者を含む。)」とあるのは「発行者」と、第二十七条の八第一項中「訂正届出書」とあるのは「訂正報告書」と、同条第二項中「当該公開買付期間の末日までの間において、買付条件等の変更(第二十七条の十第三項の規定による買付け等の期間の延長を除く。)その他の公開買付届出書に記載すべき重要な事項の変更その他当該公開買付届出書の内容を訂正すべき内閣府令で定める事情がある」とあるのは「第二十七条の十三第五項に規定するあん分比例方式により買付け等をする株券等の数が確定した」と、「訂正届出書」とあるのは「訂正報告書」と、同条第三項中「訂正届出書」とあるのは「訂正報告書」と、「買付条件等がこの節の規定」とあるのは「買付け等に係る受渡しその他の決済が第二十七条の十三第四項及び第五項の規定」と、「買付条件等の変更が第二十七条の六第一項の規定」とあるのは「買付け等をする株券等の数の計算の結果が第二十七条の十三第五項に規定する内閣府令で定めるあん分比例方式」と、同条第四項中「訂正届出書」とあるのは「訂正報告書」と、同条第五項中「第三項の規定による処分」とあるのは「第二十七条の十三第三項において準用する第三項及び前項の規定による処分」と、「末日(当該末日後に提出される訂正届出書に係る処分にあつては、当該末日の翌日から起算して五年を経過した日)後は、することができないものとし、前項の規定による処分は、当該末日」とあるのは「末日」と、同条第六項中「第一項から第四項まで」とあるのは「第二十七条の十三第三項において準用する第一項から第四項まで」と、「訂正届出書」とあるのは「訂正報告書」と読み替えるものとする。
- Article 27-3(4) and Article 27-8(1) to (6) inclusive shall apply mutatis mutandis to a Tender Offer Report. In this case, the part 'the Issuer of the Share Certificates, etc. to which the Tender Offer is made (and the person who has already submitted a Tender Offer Notification with regard to any Share Certificates, etc. issued by the Issuer as of the day on which the Tender Offer Notification is submitted, if any)' in Article 27-3(4) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'the Issuer'; the term 'amendment' in Article 27-8(1) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'amendment report'; the part 'there occurs any change in the Terms of Purchase, etc. (excluding the extension of the period for Purchase, etc. made under Article 27-10(3)) or in the important matters to be stated in a Tender Offer Notification, or any other circumstance specified for by a Cabinet Office Ordinance as that which requires amendment of a Tender Offer Notification,' 'submitted but before the last day of the Tender Offer Period' and the term 'amendment' in Article 27-8(2) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'the number of Share Certificates, etc. of which Purchase, etc. is to be made is fixed by the Method of Proportional Distribution set forth in Article 27-13(5),' 'submitted' and 'amendment report'; the terms 'amendment,' 'the Terms of Purchase, etc.,' 'the provisions of this Section,' 'the change in the Terms of Purchase, etc.,' and 'violates Article 27-6(1)' in Article 27-8(3) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'amendment report,' 'delivery and other settlement methods,' 'Article 27-13(4) and (5),' 'the result of calculation for deciding the number of Share Certificates, etc. of which Purchase, etc. is to be made,' and 'contravenes the method of proportional distribution specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance set forth in Article 27-13(5),' respectively; the term 'amendment' in Article 27-8(4) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'amendment report'; the parts 'disposition under paragraph (3)' and 'the last day of the Tender Offer Period (including the period to be extended under paragraph (8); the same shall apply in paragraph (7)) (or, in the cases of the disposition resulting in the submission of an amendment report after the last day of the Tender Offer Period, after the day when five years have elapsed from the day following the last day), and the disposition under the preceding paragraph may not be given after the day when five years have elapsed from the day following the last day.' in Article 27-8(5) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'disposition under paragraph (3) and the preceding paragraph as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-13(3)' and 'the day when five years have elapsed from the day following the last day of the Tender Offer Period,' respectively; and the terms 'amendment' and 'paragraphs (1) to (4) inclusive' in Article 27-8(4) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'amendment report' and 'paragraphs (1) to (4) inclusive as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 27-13(3),' respectively.
- 各事業年度における法第二条第八項第一号に規定する取引(自己の計算による取引及びホに掲げる取引を除く。)の取引金額に事故率(当該事業年度開始日前三年以内に開始した各事業年度における事故(第百十二条に規定する事故をいう。)による支払額(商品取引員が、専門知識及び経験を有する者(第百七条で定める者をいう。以下この条において同じ。)から商品市場における取引等(商品清算取引を除く。以下この条において同じ。)の委託を受ける場合並びに電子情報処理組織(商品取引員の使用に係る電子計算機と、顧客の使用に係る電子計算機(入出力装置を含む。)とを電気通信回線で接続した電子情報処理組織をいう。以下この条において同じ。)を使用して勧誘を伴わずに商品市場における取引等の委託を受ける場合の取引に係る支払額を除く。)の合計額の、法第二条第八項第一号から第三号に規定する取引の取引金額と同項第四号に規定する取引の対価の額の合計額(自己の計算による取引並びに商品取引員が、専門知識及び経験を有する者から商品市場における取引等の委託を受ける場合並びに電子情報処理組織を使用して勧誘を伴わずに商品市場における取引等の委託を受ける場合の取引金額及び取引の対価の額を除く。)に占める割合をいう。以下この条において同じ。)を乗じた金額と取引金額の百万分の一に相当する金額とのいずれか大きい金額(既に積み立てられた商品取引責任準備金の金額(法第二百二十一条第二項の規定により使用された金額がある場合には、当該金額を控除した金額。次号において同じ。)が千万円に満たない場合には、当該いずれか大きい金額に、千万円から当該商品取引責任準備金の金額、及びロからチまでに掲げる金額を控除した金額を事故率に二を乗じて得た率と百万分の二とのいずれか大きい率で除して計算した金額(当該計算した金額が当該事業年度の取引金額を超える場合には、当該事業年度の当該取引金額。以下この号において同じ。)に事故率を乗じた金額と当該除して計算した金額の百万分の一に相当する金額とのいずれか大きい金額を加算した金額)
- the amount obtained by multiplying the transaction amounts of the transactions prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (8), item (i) of the Act (excluding transactions based on a person's own account and the transactions set forth in (e)) in each business year by the Problematic Conduct Rate -- which means the proportion of the total sum of the payments made as a result of any Problematic Conduct [which means the Problematic Conduct prescribed in Article 112] in each business year starting within three years prior to the commencement of the relevant business year [excluding payments pertaining to transactions in cases where a Futures Commission Merchant receives a consignment of transactions, etc. on the Commodity Market (excluding Commodity Clearing Transactions; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) from a Person With Specialized Knowledge and Experience (which means a person specified in Article 107; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) or receives a consignment of transactions, etc. on the Commodity Market by using an Electronic Data Processing System (which means an Electronic Data Processing System connecting a computer used by the Futures Commodity Merchant and a computer [including the input/output devices] used by the customer through a telecommunications line; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) without carrying out solicitation]; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) to the total sum of the transaction amounts of the transactions prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (8), items (i) to (iii) of the Act and the amount of the consideration for the transactions prescribed in item (iv) of the same paragraph (excluding the transaction amounts and the amount of the consideration for transactions in cases of transactions based on a person's own account and in cases where a Futures Commission Merchant receives a consignment of transactions, etc. on the Commodity Market from a Person With Specialized Knowledge and Experience or receives a consignment of transactions, etc. on the Commodity Market by using an Electronic Data Processing System without carrying out solicitation -- or the amount equivalent to 0.0001 percent of the transaction amounts, whichever amount is greater (in cases where the amount of liability reserve for commodity trading that has already been accrued [in cases where a specific amount of money is used under the provisions of Article 221, paragraph (2) of the Act, the amount after deducting said amount; the same shall apply in the following item] is less than ten million yen, the amount obtained by adding, to such larger amount, an amount obtained by multiplying -- an amount calculated by dividing the amount that has been obtained by deducting the amount of liability reserve for commodity trading and the amounts listed in (b) to (h) from ten million yen by double the Problematic Conduct Rate, or by 0.0002 percent, whichever rate is higher (or, if said calculated amount exceeds the transaction amount in the relevant business year, such amount shall be the transaction amount in the relevant business year; hereinafter the same shall apply in this item) -- by the Problematic Conduct Rate or an amount equivalent to 0.0001 percent of said calculated amount, whichever amount is greater);