文化: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 寛永文化
- Kanei-bunka (Kanei culture)
- 上方文化
- Kamigata Bunka (Kamigata Culture)
- 料亭文化
- Culture of Japanese restaurant
- 元禄文化
- Genroku Culture
- Genroku bunka
- 升と文化
- Masu and Japanese culture
- 文化、芸能
- Culture and performing art
- 文化・芸術
- Culture and Art
- Cultural and artistic accomplishments
- 文化的剥奪
- cultural deprivation
- 所蔵文化財
- Cultural properties owned by the Reizei family
- 世界文化遺産
- World heritage
- The World Cultural Heritage
- 食文化の流れ
- History of food cultures
- 文化人として
- As a person of culture
- Intellectual Pursuits
- - 文化勲章
- He received the Order of Culture.
- 皇室の伝統文化
- Traditional culture of the Imperial Family
- 川島織物文化館
- Kawashima Textile Museum
- 京都文化博覧会
- Kyoto Cultural Exhibition
- びわこ文化公園
- Lake Biwa Cultural Park
- 有形民俗文化財
- Tangible folk cultural assets
- Tangible folk-cultural properties
- 無形民俗文化財
- Intangible folk cultural assets
- Intangible folk-cultural properties
- - 文化功労者
- Bunkakorosha (Person of Cultural Merits)
- He was Bunkakorosha (Person of Cultural Merits).
- - 文化勲章。
- He received the Order of Culture.
- 選択無形文化財
- Selected Intangible Cultural Properties
- 文化勲章受勲。
- Received Order of Cultural Merit
- 民俗文化財の種類
- Types of folk-cultural properties
- 埋蔵文化財展示室
- Exhibition Room of Archaeological Cultural Asset
- 文化学術研究地区
- The cultural and academic research zones
- 都市災害と文化財
- Disasters and Cultural Properties
- - 文化功労者。
- He was accredited as Bunkakorosha (Person of Cultural Merits).
- 上方の生活と文化
- The life and culture of Kamigata
- 文化の勝手造り令
- The Katte-Zukuri Decree in the Bunka Era
- 縄文文化の地域性
- The regionality of Jomon culture
- 縄文時代の文化圏
- Cultural regions in the Jomon period
- 文化12年完成。
- The book was completed in the following year.
- 埋蔵文化財センター
- Center For Archaeological operations
- Excavated Cultural Properties Center
- 守山市指定文化財。
- Cultural properties designated by Moriyama City
- 遺跡(文化的景観)
- Site (cultural scenery)
- - 登録有形文化財
- Registered Tangible Cultural Properties
- 文化財環境保全地区
- The environmental preservation area of a cultural asset
- - 文化勲章受章。
- He was presented with the Order of Culture.
- 登録有形民俗文化財
- Registered tangible folk cultural properties
- Registered tangible folk-cultural properties
- 選択無形民俗文化財
- Selected intangible properties of folk culture
- Selected intangible folk-cultural properties
- 県指定無形文化財。
- Intangible cultural properties designated by Prefecture.
- 重要文化財(典籍)
- Important Cultural Properties (written works)
- 重要文化財である。
- It is an important cultural property.
- 母屋は重要文化財。
- The main housing of the Kadowaki family residence is designated as an Important Cultural Property.
- 縄文文化の分布範囲
- The distribution range of the Jomon culture
- 勘合貿易と北山文化
- Kango Trade and Kitayama Culture
- 京都府京都文化博物館
- The Museum of Kyoto
- 本殿が国の重要文化財
- Its main hall is a national important cultural property.
- 国の重要文化財指定。
- Designated as a national important cultural asset
- 日本各地での蕎麦文化
- Soba culture around the country
- - 重要無形文化財。
- He was accredited as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property.
- 欧米での食文化の流れ
- History of food cultures in Europe and in the United States
- 日本での食文化の歴史
- History of food culture in Japan
- 有形文化財の保護制度
- Protection system of the tangible cultural properties
- こどもの文化の一種。
- Daruma-san ga koronda is a kind of children culture.
- 遺産に含まれる文化財
- Cultural Properties Included in the Heritage
- 重要文化財(建造物)
- Important Cultural Properties (buildings)
- Important Cultural Properties (Architecture)
- Important Cultural Property (structures)
- 重要文化財(古文書)
- Important Cultural Properties (ancient documents)
- 縄文文化の歴史的変遷
- Historical changes of the Jomon culture
- 文化的な評価は高い。
- They were highly-acclaimed in cultural term.
- 1990年、文化勲章
- 1990 - Received Order of Cultural Merit
- 重要文化財・冷泉家住宅
- Important Cultural Properties, the residence of the Reizei family
- 本殿は国の重要文化財。
- The honden (main hall) and haiden (a hall of worship) are Important Cultural Properties of Japan.
- 高神社(府指定文化財)
- Taka-jinja Shrine (a Cultural Property designated by the Kyoto Prefecture)
- -福山市指定重要文化財
- Municipally designated important cultural properties of Fukuyama City
- 洋服文化とファッション
- Western culture and fashion
- 宮廷文化を基盤に創始。
- Founded the school based on court culture.
- 三田家住宅(重要文化財)
- The Sanda's house (an important cultural object)
- 角屋もてなしの文化美術館
- Sumiya Motenashi Museum of Art and Culture
- - 広島県指定重要文化財
- Municipally designated important cultural properties of Hiroshima Prefecture.
- - 福山市指定重要文化財
- Municipally designated important cultural properties of Fukuyama City.
- - 広島県指定文化財一覧
- A list of Prefecturally Designated Cultural Properties of Hiroshima Prefecture
- 1984年、文化功労者。
- 1984 Person of Cultural Merit
- 1980年、文化功労者。
- In 1980, Bunkakorosha (Person of Cultural Merits).
- 犬食いと日本以外の食文化
- Inugui and other food cultures excluding Japan
- 登録有形民俗文化財の一覧
- The list of registered tangible folk cultural properties
- 重要文化財に指定された。
- It is recorded as one of the important cultural assets.
- - 最年少で文化勲章受章
- He won the Order of Culture to be the youngest winner.
- - 本殿は国の重要文化財。
- Its main hall is the National Important Cultural Property.
- 奈良県立万葉文化館(飛鳥)
- Nara Prefecture Complex of Manyo Culture (Asuka)
- 国際文化公園都市(大阪府)
- International Culture Park (Osaka Prefecture)
- 教育機関・博物館・文化施設
- Educational facilities, museums and cultural facilities
- 長岡京跡;向日市文化資料館
- Remains of Nagaoka-kyo: Muko City Culture Museum
- 池坊短期大学・池坊文化学院
- Ikenobo College/Ikenobo Cultural Institute
- 商いとしてのウナギの食文化
- The Eel food culture from the aspect of trade
- 蒲焼の歴史とウナギの食文化
- History of Kabayaki and the food culture of eel
- 2003年 重要無形文化財
- 2003: Important Intangible Cultural Property
- 順明寺表門(市指定文化財)
- Front gate of Junmyo-ji Temple (municipal cultural property)
- 気候の変化と縄文文化の発展
- The climate change and the development of the Jomon culture
- 岩手県指定無形民俗文化財。
- Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property designated by Iwate Prefecture.
- 山水図(個人蔵)重要文化財
- Sansui-zu (Privately owned) Important Cultural Property
- 旧常福寺表門(市指定文化財)
- Front gate of former Jofuku-ji Temple (municipal cultural property)
- 独立行政法人奈良文化財研究所
- Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
- 京都府中丹文化会館(綾部市)
- Kyoto Prefecture Chutan Culture Hall (Ayabe City)
- 人間国宝、文化勲章他を受賞。
- Awarded title of Living National Treasure, Order of Cultural Merit.
- 九州文化圏との交流もあった。
- There were cultural exchanges with the Kyushu cultural region.
- 文化面では功績を残している。
- On the cultural side, he has left distinguished works.
- 文化11年(1814年)辞関白
- In 1814, he left the post of Kanpaku.
- 文化 (元号)2年-没年不詳。
- He was born in 1805, but his age at death unknown.
- 「大正ロマン」を象徴する文化人
- People of culture who represent 'Taisho Roman'
- 文化財保護法における「記念物」
- Monument' in the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties.
- 本尊地蔵菩薩坐像は重要文化財。
- The principal image, Jizo Bosatsu zazo (sitting statue of Jizo Bosatsu), is an important cultural property.
- 河瀬家 - 国の登録有形文化財
- Kawase House - one of registered tangible cultural properties in Japan
- 旧西川家住宅(国の重要文化財)
- Former residential house of Nishikawa family (national Important Cultural Property)
- 関西文化学術研究都市建設促進法
- The construction promotion law for Kansai Science City
- 1967年、NHK放送文化賞。
- 1967 NHK Broadcast Culture Prize
- 風濤図(野村美術館)重要文化財
- Wind and Waves (Nomura Art Museum) Important Cultural Property
- 文化財保護法第77条第1項では
- Act on Protection of Cultural Properties, Article 77, Paragraph 1 mentions as below:
- 文化庁長官によって選択される。
- It is selected by the chief of the Agency for the Cultural Affairs.
- 重要文化財への「格上げ」指定等
- Upgrading' of important art objects to important cultural properties
- 文化財保護法施行後の重要美術品
- Important Art Objects after the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties is enacted
- この文化の存続期間は短かった。
- The culture lasted for a short period of time.
- 崖下布袋図(個人蔵)重要文化財
- Gaika-Hotei-zu (Privately owned) Important Cultural Property
- 旧住友家俣野別邸(国重要文化財)
- Old Sumitomo-ke Matano-Bettei (national important cultural properties)
- 荒見神社 - 本殿(重要文化財)
- Arami-jinja Shrine: the main shrine (Important Cultural Property)
- 日本における民俗文化財制度の整備
- Establishment of the folk-cultural property system in Japan
- 水度神社 - 本殿(重要文化財)
- Mito-jinja Shrine: the main shrine (Important Cultural Property)
- 久世神社 - 本殿(重要文化財)
- Kuse-jinja Shrine: the main shrine (Important Cultural Property)
- 1754年建造、国の重要文化財。
- Built in 1754, a national important cultural property.
- 1885年建造、登録有形文化財。
- Built in 1885, a registered tangible cultural property.
- 田原の御田(重要無形民俗文化財)
- Tawara no Onda (Shinto ritual; designated as significant intangible folk cultural asset)
- 1997年、大阪文化祭本賞受賞。
- He won the Osaka Culture Festival Gold Award in 1997.
- 重要無形文化財認定(人間国宝)。
- He is designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 文化人類学者で、日本の民俗学者。
- He is a cultural anthropologist as well as a Japanese folklorist.
- 呂洞賓図(大和文華館)重要文化財
- Rodohin (Lu Dong-bin) (The Museum Yamatobunkakan) Important Cultural Property
- 叭々鳥図(常盤山文庫)重要文化財
- Hahacho (Tokiwayama Bunko) Important Cultural Property
- 観瀑図(栃木・長林寺)重要文化財
- Kanbaku-zu (Chorin-ji Temple, Tochigi Prefecture) Important Cultural Property
- 無形文化財(むけいぶんかざい)は、
- The term 'intangible cultural properties'
- 本殿、唐門、透塀が国の重要文化財。
- Its main hall, kara-mon gate (Chinese-style gate) and sukibei (transparent fence) are the National Important Cultural Property.
- 奈良文化財研究所飛鳥資料館(奥山)
- Asuka Historical Museum of Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties (Okuyama)
- 1876年建造、滋賀県指定文化財。
- Built in 1876, a cultural property designated by Shiga Prefecture.
- 伊砂砂神社(本殿は国の重要文化財)
- Isasa Jinja Shrine (of which the Main Hall is an Important Cultural Property of Japan)
- 1991年4月 緑の文化園が完成。
- April, 1991: The construction of Midorinobunkaen ('green culture park' literally) was completed.
- 現在は京都文化博物館別館として使用
- At present, this is used as the Annex to the Museum of Kyoto.
- 同年文化庁より人間国宝指定される。
- In the same year, he was designated as the Living National Treasure by the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- 重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)。
- He is designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- He was a holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- He is the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 庶民の文化として小袖が大流行した。
- Kosode prevailed among the common people.
- 雪村自画像(大和文華館)重要文化財
- The Self-Portrait of Sesson Shukei (The Museum Yamatobunkakan) Important Cultural Property
- 文化圏は九つから四つに集約される。
- The nine cultural regions were consolidated into four cultural regions.
- 文化7年11月、60万石、-、-。
- 1811, November - 600,000 koku
- 増田四郎(歴史学者、文化勲章受章者)
- Shiro MASUDA (a historian, recipient of Order of Culture)
- また公家文化の影響とも考えられれる。
- Some believe their make-up was influenced by the culture of court nobles.
- このころ足利義政により東山文化盛ん。
- Around this time, Higashiyama Bunka (the Higashiyama culture) led by Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA flourished.
- 加茂町文化センター(あじさいホール)
- Kamo-cho cultural center (Ajisai Hall)
- 1979年(昭和49年)、文化勲章。
- In 1979, he received the Order of Culture.
- 新たな音楽文化の第一歩を踏み出した。
- With this, it took the first step on a new music culture.
- 2006年(平成18年) 文化功労者
- 2006: designated as a cultural contributor
- 1969年、日本放送協会放送文化賞。
- In 1969, Cultural Award by Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK).
- 文化財の指定、保持者・保持団体の認定
- Designation of Cultural Properties and Recognition of Individual holders or Group holders
- 国選択無形民俗文化財である人形浄瑠璃
- Ningyo joruri officially-designated selected intangible properties of folk culture
- 上演:文化8年 (1811)、市村座
- Performance: in 1811, at the Ichimura-Za
- 現在、国重要文化財に指定されている。
- Today, the residence is designated as a national important cultural asset.
- 夜色楼台図(個人蔵)掛幅 重要文化財
- Tower at Night (Private Collection) Hanging Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- 春光晴雨図(個人蔵)掛幅 重要文化財
- Spring Weather (Private Collection) Hanging Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- 竹溪訪隠図(個人蔵)掛幅 重要文化財
- Bamboo Valley Hideout (Private Collection) Hanging Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- 1972年(昭和47年)、文化功労者。
- In 1972, he became a Person of Cultural Merits.
- 1994年 重要無形文化財(人間国宝)
- 1994: Recognized as a person who holds an important intangible cultural asset (a living national treasure)
- 竹林七賢図屏風(畠山記念館)重要文化財
- The Seven Sages of The Bamboo Grove (Hatakeyama Memorial Museum of Fine Art) Important Cultural Property
- 夏冬山水図(京都国立博物館)重要文化財
- Summer and Winter (Kyoto National Museum) Important Cultural Property
- 2003年から、文化庁の支援を受ける。
- In 2003, the Agency for Cultural Affairs began supporting the festival.
- 山水図双幅(九州国立博物館)重要文化財
- Sansui-zu Sofuku (a pair of scroll pictures) (Kyushu National Museum) Important Cultural Property
- 滋賀県指定文化財一覧史跡名勝天然記念物。
- A historic monument in the list of historic, scenic and natural monuments that are cultural properties designated by Shiga Prefecture.
- 龍谷大学大宮学舎本館・講堂(重要文化財)
- The main building and the auditorium of Ryukoku University (important cultural assets)
- 丹波地方特有の茅葺入母屋作り、重要文化財
- Thatched Irimoya style (type of roof) House special to Tanba Region, Important Cultural Asset
- 帯締めは、江戸時代の文化年間にはじまる。
- The obijime was first used during 1804-1817, in the Edo period.
- 文化 (元号)8(1811年)家督相続。
- In 1811, he succeeded to the position of family head.
- 1987年、文化勲章と数々の賞を受けた。
- 1987 Received Order of Cultural Merit and a number of other prizes
- このころ、唐の文化は既に衰頽期に入った。
- Around this time, the Tang culture started to decline.
- 京都写真家協会展(京都府立文化芸術会館)
- The Kyoto Photographers' Society Exhibition (Kyoto Prefectural Center for Arts and Culture)
- なお、高島市指定文化財に指定されている。
- It is a designated cultural property of Takashima City.
- 五山文学こそは、五山文化の中心であった。
- Gozan Bungaku was, literally, the center of Gozan culture.
- 大仙院障壁画(東京国立博物館)重要文化財
- Daisen-in Partition Wall Painting (Tokyo National Museum) Important Cultural Property
- 「重文」は「重要文化財(国指定)」の略。
- Jubun' is the abbreviation for 'Juyou Bunkazai' (Kuni-shitei) - Important Cultural Properties (National nominated)
- 文化 (元号)12年(1815年)に一品。
- He became Ippon (First Order of an Imperial Prince) in 1815.
- 19xx年 - 月ヶ瀬村指定文化財に指定。
- 19xx - designated as a cultural property by Tsukigase Village.
- 日本の文化遺産保護制度における「記念物」。
- Monuments' in Japan's system for protecting cultural heritage.
- 京都の文化に深く根付いた峠といえるだろう。
- This pass is considered to be deeply involved in the history of Kyoto.
- - 伝統文化ポーラ大賞、勲四等旭日小綬章。
- He received Pola Grand Prize for Traditional Culture, and the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette.
- 1991年重要無形文化財(総合指定)認定。
- In 1991, he was designated as the (general) Important Intangible Cultural Property.
- 1986年重要無形文化財総合指定を受ける。
- In 1986, he was designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Property.
- 国指定の重要無形民俗文化財である人形浄瑠璃
- Ningyo joruri which is an officially-designated significant intangible folk cultural asset
- 林駒男(重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝))
- Komao HAYASHI (Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property [Living National Treasure])
- 国の重要無形民俗文化財(1976年指定)。
- It is an important intangible folk cultural asset (designated in 1976).
- 富嶽列松図(愛知県美術館)掛幅 重要文化財
- Pines of Fuji (Aichi Prefectural Art Museum) Hanging Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- 文化2年に父の隠居を受けて唐津藩を相続する。
- Upon his father's retirement, he inherited the Karatsu Domain in 1805.
- 平安女学院明治館(1894年築、重要文化財)
- Heian Jogakuin Meiji-kan (built in 1894, an important cultural property)
- 歴史的事件と「大正ロマン」を象徴する文化事象
- Historical incidents and cultural events which characteristic of 'Taisho Roman.'
- 文化面では続日本紀の編纂を発案したとされる。
- In the cultural aspect it is said that the Emperor suggested the editing of 'Shoku-Nihongi (The Chronicles of Japan II).'
- 1996年(平成8年) 重要無形文化財保持者
- 1996: designated as a holder of the title 'Important Intangible Cultural Property'
- - 重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)に認定。
- He was accredited as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 山陰文化観光圏;「ご縁で結ばれる、感動の旅」
- Sanin cultural sightseeing area: 'Impressed tour connecting by fate'
- 鳶烏図(北村美術館)掛幅(双幅) 重要文化財
- Kites (Kitamura Art Museum) Hanging Scroll (Pair) – Important Cultural Property
- 野ざらし紀行図(個人蔵)六曲一隻 重要文化財
- Nozarashi Travelogue (Private Collection) Set of 6 – Important Cultural Property
- 京都・六波羅蜜寺 地蔵菩薩坐像(重要文化財)
- Seated Statue of Jizo Bosatsu (Jizo Bodhisattva) at Rokuharamitsu-ji Temple in Kyoto Prefecture (important cultural asset).
- 許由巣父図(重要文化財) - 東京国立博物館
- Kyoyu Soho-zu (Xuyou and Chaofu) (important cultural property) - Tokyo National Museum
- 律令制では皇位継承順位を明文化していなかった。
- The ritsuryo system did not provide a clear order of the succession to the Imperial Throne.
- 文化 (元号)14年(1817年)に生まれる。
- He was born in 1817.
- 重文一休禅師座像・名勝庭園は重要文化財に指定。
- The Sitting Statue of Master Ikkyuu and the scenic garden are designated Important Cultural Assets.
- 文化10年(1813年)、74歳の高齢で崩御。
- In 1813, she died when she was seventy four years old.
- 重要文化財の弘法大師坐像(鎖大師)を安置する。
- The temple enshrines Kobodaishi-zazo (the Sitting Statue of Kobodaishi) (Kusari Daishi), an important cultural property.
- 関西文化学術研究都市(大阪府、京都府、奈良県)
- Kansai Science City (Osaka Prefecture, Kyoto Prefecture and Nara Prefecture)
- 流行の頂点は文化 (日本)、文政ころであった。
- The peak of its popularity was around the Bunka and Bunsei era.
- 文化年間、江戸だけで2、30箇所あったという。
- From 1804 to 1817, it was distributed at 20 – 30 places only in Edo.
- 文化・文政時代が興行の最盛期であったとされる。
- The peak was in the Bunka and Bunsei era.
- 3点が国宝、1点が重要文化財に指定されている。
- Three of them are designated as national treasures, and the remaining one is designated as an important cultural property.
- 峨嵋露頂図(東京・繭山龍泉堂)巻子 重要文化財
- Top of Mt. Gabi (Tyo, Mayuyama & Co., Ltd.) Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- 2006年3月6日 - 奈良市指定文化財に指定。
- March 6, 2006 - designated as a cultural property by Nara City.
- 1950年 - 文化財保護法施行により指定更新。
- 1950 - renewed the designation after the enforcement of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties.
- 日本文化の新しい紹介方法として実行委員会が発案。
- It was a proposal made by its Executive Committee as a new method to introduce Japanese culture.
- 1984年6月1日、京都市指定有形文化財に指定。
- On June 1, 1984, it was designated as a tangible cultural asset by Kyoto City.
- 西乗寺(美山町下平屋) - 本尊が国の重要文化財
- Saijo-ji Temple (Shimohiraya, Miyama-cho) - Honzon (principal image of Buddha) is designated as one of the national important cultural properties.
- 小林家(美山町下平屋) - 屋敷が国の重要文化財
- Kobayashi family (Shimohiraya, Miyama-cho) - The premises are designated as one of the national important cultural properties.
- これらのことから、上方落語の寄席文化は壊滅した。
- Consequently, the yose culture in Kamigata rakugo (rakugo in Osaka) was extinct.
- 2008年 高松宮記念世界文化賞:演劇・映像部門
- 2008: Praemium Imperiale: Stage Play and Video Image Category
- 1989年に重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)。
- He was designated as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1989.
- 1976年に重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)。
- He was designated as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1976.
- 1972年、重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)。
- 1972 Important Intangible Cultural Property Designation (Living National Treasure)
- 大韓民国でも素麺を日常的に食べる文化が存在する。
- Republic of Korea also has a culture of ordinarily eating somen.
- 古くから日本の食文化に深い関わりを持つ魚である。
- It is a fish that has been strongly associated with Japanese food culture since the olden days.
- 流通量や利潤で食文化を測るべきではないとする論評
- There is a remark that food culture should not be measured by the amount of distributed goods and the profit obtained.
- 重要文化財として京都国立博物館に所蔵されている。
- It is held by the Kyoto National Museum as an Important Cultural Property.
- 文化 (元号)13年(1816年) 幸橋外 観世
- 1816: Outside Saiwaibashi-mon Gate, by the Kanze school
- 上演:文化 (元号)2年 (1806)、河原崎座
- Performance: in 1806, at the Kawarasaki-Za
- 貿易に関する理解・文化が異なっていたためである。
- Because there were differences in the culture and understanding regarding trade.
- 一方で上方を中心に元禄文化が栄えることとなった。
- On the other hand, Genroku Culture prospered mainly in Kamigata (urban area around Kyoto and Osaka).
- 山野行楽図(東京国立博物館)六曲一双 重要文化財
- A Picnic in the Hills (Tyo National Museum) 6-sided Folding Screen – Important Cultural Property
- 仙人高士図屏風(重要文化財) - 京都国立博物館
- Sennin Koshi-zu Byobu (folding screen with painting of a hermit) (important cultural property) - Kyoto National Museum
- 文化4年(1807年)水野忠紹の子として生まれる。
- Tadahiro was born in 1807 as Tadatsugu MIZUNO's son.
- 境内には重要文化財の旧石井家住宅が移築されている。
- The old house of the Ishikawa family, an important cultural property, has been moved and reassembled in the precinct.
- 五條文化博物館(安藤忠雄設計の円筒形の外観が特徴)
- Gojo City Museum (characterized by a cylindrical appearance designed by Tadao ANDO)
- ふもとには御上神社や滋賀県希望が丘文化公園がある。
- Mikami-jinja Shrine and Kibogaoka Culture Park (Shiga Prefecture) are located at its foot.
- - 北条時頼が寄進した石造五重塔は国の重要文化財。
- - The five-storied pagoda built by Tokiyori HOJO is an Important Cultural Property of Japan.
- 町の歴史や文化の継承に資することを目的として建設。
- This was built with the goal of contributing to the succession of the town's history and culture.
- 「文化が薫る暮らしよい町」を町の標語に掲げていた。
- The town adopted a motto 'Town rich in culture and is comfortable to live.'
- 1972年、重要無形文化財各個指定、芸術院賞受賞。
- In 1972, he was designated as an important intangible cultural asset and received the Japan Art Academy Prize.
- 1967年、重要無形文化財保持者認定(人間国宝)。
- In 1967, recognition as the holder of the Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 中琴高仙人 左右群仙図(京都国立博物館)重要文化財
- Qin Gao and Other Immorta (Kyoto National Museum) Important Cultural Property
- しかし、このころから文化の重心は江戸に移っていく。
- However, around this time, it was moved to Edo.
- 本格的な「丸髷」の登場は文化・文政ごろと思われる。
- It seems that the regular form of 'marumage' first appeared around the Bunka-Bunsei period.
- 登録有形文化財には主に近代のものが登録されている。
- Products mainly of the modern period are registered as registered tangible cultural properties.
- 平安時代の中頃、宮廷中心の貴族文化は全盛を迎える。
- In the middle of the Heian period (794-1185), the culture developed by the court nobles reached a peak.
- また、描き順には文化的な意味が割り当てられている。
- Further, a cultural meaning is added in the order of drawing.
- 竹林茅屋・柳蔭騎路図(個人蔵)六曲一双 重要文化財
- Cottage in Bamboo Grove and Horses under Willow Trees (Private Collection) Six-sided Folding Screen – Important Cultural Property
- 文化8年 (1811) には四代目鶴屋南北を襲名。
- In 1811, he succeeded to the professional name Nanboku TSURUYA VI.
- ヨーロッパで国家が文化財保護をおこなった最初である。
- This was the beginning of preservation of cultural properties conducted by a nation in Europe.
- 文化 1804年2月11日 - 1818年4月22日
- Bunka February 11, 1804 - April 22, 1818
- また、乗馬と和歌を好み、文化的な素養にも富んでいた。
- He was fond of horseback riding and writing waka poems, he had talent in the arts.
- - 表門は膳所城から移築されたもので国の重要文化財。
- Its front gate was moved from Zeze-jo Castle, and is the National Important Cultural Property.
- 重要文化財の阿弥陀三尊像、国史跡の冷泉為相墓がある。
- It has Amida Sanzon-zo (the image of Amida Triad), an important cultural property, and a tomb of Tamesuke REIZEI, a national historical site.
- 醍醐寺(古都京都の文化財の一部として世界遺産に登録)
- Daigo-ji Temple (placed on the World Heritage List as part of the cultural assets of ancient capital of Kyoto)
- 地蔵禅院 - しだれ桜(京都府指定・登録文化財一覧)
- Jizozen-in Temple: Shidare Zakura (cherry tree, a Natural Treasure designated by the Kyoto Prefecture)
- - 国の重要文化財、鞆七卿落遺跡として広島県指定史跡
- Nationally designated important cultural properties; a prefecturally designated historical site of Hiroshima Prefecture as remains of Tomo Hichikyo-ochi (the exile of the Seven nobles from Kyoto to Tomo).
- 1994年 重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)に認定。
- In 1994, he was recognized as a person who holds an important intangible cultural asset (a living national treasure).
- 昭和33年 (1958)、菊池寛賞、大阪市民文化賞。
- In 1958, he received Kan KIKUCHI Award and Osaka Citizen Cultural Award
- - 松尾芸能賞大賞、無形重要文化財(人間国宝)に認定
- Received Matsuo Prize of Entertainment Grand Prize, and recognized as Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure)
- 日本史上、つねに大和民族の文化の中心でありつづけた。
- It always remained the center of the Yamato race culture in the history of Japan.
- 風俗・社会・文化の視覚的資料としては高い価値がある。
- Shinbun-nishiki-e has high value as a visual reference for manners and customs, general society, and culture.
- 中華文化圏の建築物や装飾のモチーフとして用いられる。
- This idea has been used as a motif of buildings and ornaments of Chinese cultural sphere.
- 自筆本が現存し、1995年に重要文化財に指定された。
- The manuscript in his own hand is extant, and was designated an Important Cultural Property in 1995.
- -文化12年(1815年)-文政9年(1826年)分
- Cases from 1815 to 1826
- -享和3年(1803年)-文化11年(1814年)分
- Cases from 1803 to 1814
- 貿易による経済交流と文化発展に寄与することとなった。
- He contributed to the cultural development and financial exchange through trade.
- 山水図(出光美術館)六曲一双 重要文化財 1763年
- Landscape (Idemitsu Museum of Arts) 6-sided folding screen – Important Cultural Property 1763
- 南禅寺大方丈障壁画(重要文化財) - 京都市・南禅寺
- A wall painting at Ohojo of Nanzen-ji Temple (important cultural property) - Nanzen-ji Temple, Kyoto City
- 大日本帝国憲法第1条はこの記述を明文化したものである。
- The article of the Nihon Shoki was clearly rewritten in the Article 1 of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- この事件は当時の多くの文化人にも衝撃的な影響を与えた。
- This incident also shocked many cultivated people at that time.
- 文化面では帝紀と旧辞を記し校訂する修史事業が行われた。
- In the cultural aspect, they conducted a historiography project in which they wrote and amended 'Teiki' (records of Emperor's family tree) and 'Kyuji' (mythical tradition).
- 日本聖公会 聖アグネス教会(1898年築、重要文化財)
- St. Agnes' Episcopal Church (Anglican), Kyoto, (built in 1898, an important cultural property)
- (ただし文化財建造物は少なく、国宝建造物は1棟のみ。)
- (However there are few structural cultural treasures: only one structure is designated a national treasure.)
- また、太鼓楼などが橿原市指定の文化財に指定されている。
- Taikoro (drum tower) and other buildings are also designated as cultural properties by Kashihara City.
- 裾野には、別荘地や重要文化財の旧三笠ホテルなどがある。
- In the foot of the mountain, there are resort properties and former Mikasa Hotel which is an important cultural property.
- 多禰寺 - 鎌倉時代作の金剛力士像(重要文化財)がある
- Tane-ji Temple - there is a Statue of Kongo-rikishi (designated as an important cultural asset) created during the Kamakura Period.
- 学研都市には、12の文化学術研究地区が設定されている。
- Twelve cultural and academic research zones are designated for Science City.
- その景観の素晴らしさから舞鶴市の文化財にも指定された。
- Due to the wonderfulness of its sight, it is also designated as a cultural asset of Maizuru City.
- 九品寺 (南丹市)(園部町) - 山門が国の重要文化財
- Kuhon-ji Temple (Sonobe-cho, Nantan City) - Sanmon (temple gate) is designated as one of the national important cultural properties.
- 高倉神社文化財環境保全地区〔綾部市〕※平成13年度決定
- The environmental preservation area of a cultural asset of Takakura-jinja Shrine [Ayabe City] *Decision made in 2001.
- 算額奉納の習慣は世界に例を見ず、日本独自の文化である。
- The dedication of sangaku is a practice unknown to other countries, and is unique to Japanese culture.
- これは異文化を粋とする傾向が、拡大されたと考えられる。
- It is considered that the tendency to take different cultures as iki has been extended.
- 朝鮮半島を経由して漢字や仏教などの中国文化が将来した。
- Chinese culture, such as Chinese characters and Buddhism, was brought to Japan via the Korean peninsula.
- 現在は設備のある文化教室で手芸として習うこともできる。
- Now, you can learn the braided cord technique as a handicraft in culture schools having such equipment.
- 連歌は能楽と並び室町文化を代表する遊戯の1つとされる。
- Renga is considered one of the games that represent the Muromachi culture, along with Nogaku.
- 室町時代後期の公家文化を理解するのに有用な史料である。
- It is a useful historical material to understand the court nobles' culture in the late Muromachi period.
- 歌を詠むことが日本古来の文化であったことを示している。
- It suggests that to compose poems was the Japanese traditional culture.
- なお、沖縄県では沖縄県の歴史沖縄貝塚文化に区分される。
- Incidentally, the Jomon period is included in the Okinawa Shell mound period in Okinawa Prefecture's history.
- 山階宮晃親王は文化 (元号)13年(1816年)に誕生。
- Imperial Prince Yamashinanomiya Akira was born in 1816.
- その後、鵜飼は衰退し文化 (元号)2年には12戸となる。
- Ukai declined thereafter and the number of houses engaged in ukai became 12 in 1805.
- 阿弥陀寺 (城陽市) - 木造薬師如来立像(重要文化財)
- Amida-ji Temple (Joyo City) : Mokuzo-yakushi-nyorai-ritsuzo, or Wooden Standing Image of Healing Buddha (Important Cultural Property)
- 学校法人平安女学院明治館(1894年築、国の重要文化財)
- The Meiji Hall of Heian Jogakuin St. Agnes School (built in 1894 and has been designated as a national important cultural property).
- 春日神社 (南丹市)(園部町) - 本殿は国の重要文化財
- Kasuga-jinja Shrine (Sonobe-cho, Nantan City) - Honden (inner sanctuary) is designated as one of the national important cultural properties.
- 翌年には重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)を受けている。
- The next year, he was individually designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 日本人の食文化にうなぎが登場したのは新石器時代頃である。
- Eel appeared in the Japanese food culture during the Neolithic Era.
- 現在では大正末期(戦間期)の文化(大正ロマン)をも含む。
- The current definition of the term includes a culture named Taisho-roman which thrived toward the end of the Taisho period (the interwar period).
- 今日では文化財保護の立場から、烏金拓は推奨されていない。
- Today, from a standpoint of cultural property protection, Ukontaku is not recommended.
- 一般には文化遺産保護制度における保護の対象となっている。
- They are covered by the cultural heritage protection system in general.
- 上演会場の「真桑の人形舞台」は重要有形民俗文化財である。
- The performance site 'Makuwa puppet theater' is a significant tangible folk cultural asset.
- 俳諧や書画骨董に通じた文化人で、たいそう気前も良かった。
- He was a man of culture well versed in haiku poetry and objects of art and curios, and quite generous.
- 『文化財保護委員会年報 昭和40年版』 - 7,898件
- Annual Report of Commission for Protection of Cultural Properties, 1965 edition' - 7,898
- 文化文政年間は豊作の年が続き、米の在庫がだぶついてきた。
- Good harvests continued for years during the Bunka and Bunsei eras and rice stocks increased excessively.
- 第6代藩主・堀田正民は絵画に造詣が深かった文化人である。
- The sixth lord of the domain Masatami HOTTA was known as a man of culture, deeply versed in painting.
- その結果、縄文後期・晩期には文化圏の数は四つに減少する。
- As a result, the number of cultural regions decreased to four during the end and the last Jomon periods.
- 幽斎は千利休らとともに秀吉側近の文化人として寵遇された。
- As a man of culture like SEN no Rikyu, Yusai was one of those who enjoyed Hideyoshi's special favor.
- 蘇鉄図(香川・妙法寺)四曲屏風一双(もと襖) 重要文化財
- Cycad Palm (Kagawa, Myouhouji) 4-sided Folding Screen (originally sliding screens) – Important Cultural Property
- これが小倉百人一首の起源として伝統文化に受け継がれている。
- Those poems were passed down as the origin of Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (the Ogura Anthology of One Hundred Tank-poems by One Hundred Poets) in the traditional culture.
- 旧住友家衣笠別邸(聖ヨゼフ修道院・門の家、登録有形文化財)
- Old Sumitomo-ke Kinugasa-Bettei (St. Josef Shudoin Monno-Ie, Hermitage, a registered tangible cultural property)
- - 黄壁宗、本尊の秘仏木造千手観音菩薩立像は国の重要文化財
- - Okakushu's honzon (principal object of worship at a temple), Standing Statue of Senju (thousand-armed) Kannon Bosatsu (withheld from public view) is an Important Cultural Property of Japan.
- 1986年9月 「関西文化学術研究都市促進議員連盟」発足。
- September, 1986: 'The diet member confederation for promoting the construction of Kansai Science City' was inaugurated.
- けいはんな記念公園(京都府立関西文化学術研究都市記念公園)
- Keihanna Commemorative Park (the Kyoto-prefectural park commemorating the establishment of Kansai Science City)
- 昭和24年 (1950)、毎日演劇賞、大阪市復興文化祭賞。
- In 1950, he received the Theatrical Performance Award of Mainichi Newspapers and the Award of Restored Cultural Festival of Osaka City
- 松鷹図(東京国立博物館)重要文化財 1974年に記念切手。
- Hawks and Pine Trees (Tokyo National Museum) Important Cultural Property: A memorial stamp was created in 1974.
- 重要無形文化財の指定の対象は無形の「わざ」そのものである。
- The subject of designation for important intangible cultural property is the intangible 'skills' themselves.
- 1975年3月28日に大分県の無形文化財に指定されている。
- It is designated as an intangible cultural property of Oita Prefecture, since March 28, 1975.
- 有形文化財(ゆうけいぶんかざい)とは、下記のとおりである。
- Tangible Cultural Properties are as follows.
- 正式には記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の民俗文化財という。
- Officially, they are called intangible folk cultural properties selected for measures such as recording.
- 文化3年11月、120万9000石、58万石余、309人。
- 1806, November - 1,209,000 koku, 580,000 koku or more, 309 people.
- 文化8年(1811年)一条輝良の女輝子(てるこ)と結婚する。
- In 1811, he married Teruko ICHIJO, a daughter of Teruyoshi ICHIJO.
- 文化6年12月1日(1810年1月6日)、正式に家慶と婚姻。
- On January 6, 1810, Takako officially married Ieyoshi.
- 文化 (元号)5年(1808年)に親王宣下、元服、常陸太守。
- Given the title of Imperial Prince, he celebrated his coming of age, and was appointed to the governor of Hitachi Province in 1808.
- - 西本宮と東本宮の本殿は国宝、重要文化財建造物14棟3基。
- The main halls of Nishihongu and Higashihongu are National Treasures, and it has fourteen buildings and three objects as the Important Cultural Property.
- 1998年4月1日に京都市の無形民俗文化財として指定・登録。
- On April 1, 1998, this festival was designated and registered as an intangible local cultural asset of Kyoto City.
- 1984年6月1日、京都市の無形民族文化財として指定・登録。
- On June 1, 1984, this festival was designated and registered as an intangible local cultural asset of Kyoto City.
- 石田家住宅(美山町樫原) - 日本最古の住宅、国の重要文化財
- House of Ishida family (Kashiwara, Miyama-cho) - This is the oldest house in Japan, and is designated as one of the national important cultural properties.
- これは現在の日本の食文化の起源の1つとなる営業形態であった。
- This resulted in the street stall business style, one of the origins of the current food culture in Japan.
- -海外から見ると日本の食文化は特色があり重要な観光資源である
- - Seen from overseas, Japan's food culture is so unique that it is regarded as an important tourism resource.
- これは中国において書斎を中心に文化が発展してきたからである。
- This was because cultures had developed centering on libraries in China.
- 奥の細道図屏風(山形美術館)六曲一隻 重要文化財 1779年
- The Narrow Road to the Interior Folding Screen (Yamagata Art Museum) 6 Segments – Important Cultural Property 1779
- 奥の細道画巻(逸翁美術館)巻子本2巻 重要文化財 1779年
- The Narrow Road to the Interior Scroll Painting (Itsuo Art Museum) 2 Scrolls – Important Cultural Property 1779
- 長谷川等伯の残した作品の多くは、重要文化財に指定されている。
- Many of Tohaku HASEGAWA's works are designated as important cultural properties.
- 宮本百合子『今日の日本の文化問題』1949年(昭和24)年1月
- 'Konnichi no Nihon no Bunka Mondai' (Today's problem of Japanese culture) by Yuriko MIYAMOTO, January 1949.
- 室町幕府からの信頼も厚く、また文化人とも積極的に交流している。
- He was trusted by the Muromachi bakufu and actively associated with men of culture.
- これを選択無形文化財ともいうが、法律で規定された用語ではない。
- Although such items are commonly called 'selected intangible cultural properties,' the term is not defined by laws.
- 文化財保護法第2条第1項第4号には、次のように規定されている。
- Article 2, Paragraph 1, Item (4) of the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties stipulates as follows.
- 各指標により範囲は異なるが、経済・文化的に相互依存関係が強い。
- The extent differs depending on what is measured, however, in terms of economy and culture, there is a strong interdependent relationship.
- 鎌倉五山の成立や、日蓮が活躍するなど、仏教文化が大いに栄えた。
- Buddhist Culture greatly flourished with the completion of Kamakura Gozan Temples and activities of Nichiren.
- 旧常福寺観音堂(市指定文化財)- 慶長18年(1613)建立。
- Kannon-do Hall (a hall dedicated to Kannon) of former Jofuku-ji Temple (municipal cultural property): It was built in 1613.
- 1986年6月 「財団法人関西文化学術研究都市推進機構」設立。
- June, 1986: 'Kansai Research Institute' was established.
- 1987年6月 「関西文化学術研究都市建設促進法」公布・施行。
- June, 1987: 'The construction promotion law for Kansai Science City' was announced and enforced.
- 1993年4月 文化学術研究交流施設「けいはんなプラザ」開設。
- April, 1993: Keihanna Plaza, a facility for promoting cultural/academic exchange, opened.
- 瑞阿弥は16世を称し、千葉県指定無形文化財保持者に認定された。
- Zuiami was named the sixteenth successor and was recognized by Chiba Prefecture as a Preserver of Intangible Cultural Properties.
- 花鳥図屏風(大和文華館)重要文化財 1981年に展覧会を開催。
- Flowers and Birds (The Museum Yamatobunkakan) Important Cultural Property: An exhibition was organized in 1981.
- 『文化財保護委員会年報 昭和38・39年版』 - 7,937件
- 'Annual Report of Commission for Protection of Cultural Properties, 1963 edition and 1964 edition' - 7,937
- 本州でこの文化のもっとも古い年代は静岡県休場遺跡から知られる。
- The first appearance date in Honshu is identified by the Yasumiba-iseki Remains in Shizuoka Prefecture.
- 食文化に関する記述もあり、当時の貴族の暮らしぶりもうかがえる。
- The Ouki offers description of the cuisine and dietary culture of the day, and also presents a picture of the lifestyle of nobles in that period.
- 平安時代後期には摂関政治が衰退し始め、貴族文化に変化が訪れた。
- During the late Heian period, the Sekkan (regent and chief councilor) government began to decline, and a change occurred in the aristocratic culture.
- この四つの文化圏の枠組みは弥生時代にも引き継がれることとなる。
- The framework of the four cultural regions was passed onto the Yayoi period.
- 現在は細川家に伝来する文化財を保存する永青文庫に収蔵されている。
- Now it is stored in the Eisei-Bunko Museum in which cultural properties inherited in HOSOKAWA family were stored.
- 文化財保護法に基づき重要伝統的建造物群保存地区に選定されている。
- According to Cultural Properties Protection Law, the area is designated as a Preservation District for Groups of Historic Buildings.
- 以後、国風文化の興隆や生活様式の変化により袖は巨大化していった。
- Later, narrow and small sleeves were gradually replaced with loose-fitting, bigger sleeves as a result of the flourishing of kokufu bunka (Japan's original national culture) and changes in people's lifestyles.
- 紫綬褒章受章、日本芸術院会員、重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)。
- He was honored with a shiju hosho (medal of honor with purple ribbon), he is a member of The Japan Art Academy, and a holder of the title of 'Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure)'.
- 日光東照宮の日光東照宮文化財はこの逆柱があることで知られている。
- Yomeimon' (Yomei gate) erected in Nikko Tosho-gu is famous for its 'sakabashira'.
- また、1966年3月22日に大分県の無形文化財に指定されている。
- It is also designated as an intangible cultural properties of Oita Prefecture, since March 22, 1966.
- そしてもちろん、日本人に現在も愛され続ける伝統文化の一つである。
- Needless to say, it is one of the traditional Japanese cultures that have been loved by Japanese people.
- そうした点からすると、食文化として大切であるともいえるのである。
- When considering these points, it can also be said that whale meat is important in food culture.
- 遣唐使をはじめ、唐との交通が盛んになり多くの中国文化が伝わった。
- The amount of traffic between Japan and Tang, including Japanese envoys to Tang Dynasty China, increased, and a great amount of Chinese culture was brought to Japan.
- この文化は、細石刃核の形態や製作技術に地域的な変化が顕著である。
- In this culture, notable regional differences are found with respect to the shape of the saisekijin core and its fabrication method.
- これは文化 (元号)の頃の講釈師大玄斎蕃格による創作といわれる。
- This is believed to be a fictional story written by Bakaku DAIGENSAI from the Bunka era.
- 奥の細道図巻(京都国立博物館)巻子本2巻 重要文化財 1778年
- The Narrow Road to the Interior Scroll (Kyoto National Museum) 2 Scrolls – Important Cultural Property 1778
- 大仙院障壁画(京都・大徳寺大仙院)重要文化財 京都国立博物館委託
- Daisen-in Partition Wall Painting (Daitoku-ji, Daisen-in, Kyoto Prefecture) Important Cultural Property, On loan to Kyoto National Museum
- 霊雲院障壁画(京都・妙心寺霊雲院)重要文化財 京都国立博物館委託
- Reiun-in Partition Wall Painting (Myoushin-ji Temple Reiun-in, Kyoto Prefecture) Important Cultural Property, On loan to Kyoto National Museum
- 文化 (元号)9年(1812年)に69歳で没し、盧山寺に葬られた。
- She passed away in 1813 at the age of 69 and was buried in Rozan-ji Temple.
- 室町時代の一条兼良は、政治以外に、学問や連歌の文化的活躍も残した。
- Kanera ICHIJO, during the Muromachi period, was active not only in politics but also in the cultural world such as academics and renga (linked verse).
- ドイツの文化遺産保護制度における「記念物(独:Denkmal)」。
- Monuments (Denkmal in German)' in Germany' system for protecting cultural heritage.
- 琴・琵琶などの楽器にも精通し、平安文化を開花させた天皇といえよう。
- He was well informed about the koto (a zither-like Japanese instrument) and biwa (a Japanese lute), and today he is well known as the Emperor who encouraged the flowering of the Heian period.
- また、荒廃した京の都を逃れた多数の公家や文化人が駿府に居を移した。
- Many court nobles and men of culture escaped from devastated capital Kyoto and moved to Sunpu.
- また2008年(平成20年)には国の重要文化財に指定される見込み。
- The East Port will be designated as important cultural property in 2008.
- 重要無形文化財保持者として各個認定された者を一般に人間国宝という。
- Ningen kokuho' (living national treasures), in general, refers to individuals designated as a holder of important intangible cultural property.
- 「春日若宮おん祭の神事芸能」は重要無形民俗文化財に指定されている。
- 'The entertainments performed at the shrine ritual of Kasuga Wakamiya Onmatsuri' has been designated as an important intangible folk cultural property.
- それらは保存と活用が特に必要とされた有形の民俗文化財のことである。
- These tangible folk cultural properties are considered especially worthy of preservation and application.
- これは文化9年の4世沢村宗十郎と世瀬川路考とが最初であろうという。
- The first example of such case is the Shini-e for the fourth Sojuro SAWAMURA and the fourth Roko SEGAWA who both died in 1812.
- この文化がいつ頃から出現するのか、正確な年代はよく分かっていない。
- The exact date of its appearance is not well known.
- 永原御殿・・草津市の芦浦観音寺書院に移築されている。(重要文化財)
- Nagahara Goten (palace) was dismantled and reconstructed in shoin (reception room) of Ashiura Kannon-ji Temple in Kusatsu City (important cultural heritage).
- 西洋風の町並み、ホテル、教会堂、洋館はハイカラな文化の象徴となる。
- These western-style towns with their hotels, churches, and western-style houses became symbols of fashionable ('high-collar') western culture.
- 桃仙の梅 月ヶ瀬梅林で一番の古木であり、旧月ヶ瀬村指定文化財である。
- Tosen no Ume (Plum Tree of Tosen): the oldest plum tree in Tsukigase Bairin and designated as a cultural property by the former Tsukigase Village.
- ヨーロッパでは、これを文化財保護の歴史の嚆矢であるとする見解がある。
- Some regard this as the beginning of history of cultural properties preservation in Europe.
- 地方公共団体も、同様に「有形民俗文化財」として指定をおこなっている。
- The local public bodies also designate 'tangible folk-cultural properties.'
- 宮中行事の再興に務めるとともに諸芸に優れた文化人でもあったとされる。
- It is said that he worked to restore court functions and that, as a highly educated person, he was very versatile.
- 今西家住宅(重要文化財) - 今西家は代々今井の惣年寄筆頭を務めた。
- Imanishi Residence (Important Cultural Property): Imanishi family served as the head of sodoshiyori (officers who worked under the town magistrate) of Imai town for generations.
- また、古都奈良の文化財の一部として日本の世界遺産にも指定されている。
- In addition, Kasugayama Primeval Forest, as a part of ancient Nara, is designated as a world heritage in Japan.
- 関西文化学術研究都市の一部であり、国や多数の企業の研究所が所在する。
- This city is included in Kansai Science City, and many research laboratories of the national government and private companies are located there.
- 2002年(平成14年)重要無形文化財各個保有者(人間国宝)に認定。
- He was designated as the individual holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 翌月初めには文化勲章を受賞、体に鞭打って皇居での親授式に臨んでいる。
- At the beginning of the following month, he was awarded the Order of Culture and made an effort to attend the award ceremony at the imperial palace.
- 2007年、国際文化会館で行われた「松竹大歌舞伎」を天皇が鑑賞した。
- In 2007, the Reigning Emperor attended the 'Shochiku O-Kabuki' (a series of Kabuki performances) event held at the International House of Japan.
- 出土品は、この時点でようやく正式に文化財として認定されたことになる。
- At this point, the object is finally designated as a cultural property.
- 文化 (日本)2年に芝大神宮で起きた「め組の喧嘩」事件を題材とする。
- It is based on the incident called 'Megumi no Kenka' that actually occurred in the Shiba-daijingu Shrine in 1805.
- 江戸時代初期、遊廓は代表的な娯楽の場であり、文化の発信地でもあった。
- In the early Edo period, Yukaku was a place of transmission of culture as well as the representative place of amusements.
- 寛政の改革以降流行し、文化文政の頃全盛となり、幕末にかけて衰退した。
- Although it became popular after the Kansei Reforms and its popularity reached the peak during the Bunka and Bunsei eras, it declined around the end of the Edo period.
- 延暦13年(794年)都が平安京に遷り、政治・文化の中心地となった。
- In 794, the capital was moved to Heian-kyo, becoming the political and cultural center of the nation.
- 現在は国の重要文化財に指定され、東京の徳川記念財団に保管されている。
- It is desiganated as Important Cultural Property at present and kept by the Tokukgawa Memorial Foundation in Tokyo.
- 種別の分類は国指定文化財等データベース(外部リンクの項参照)による。
- The district types are based on the National Cultural Properties Database (see the section on the External Links).
- この文化段階で、北方から相当数本州へやってきた可能性が否定できない。
- The possibility that a considerable number came from the north to Honshu at this cultural stage cannot be denied.
- 楽部の首席楽長、楽長、楽長補、楽師は重要無形文化財保持者に認定される。
- Shuseki gakucho (grand master of music), Gakucho (master of music), Gakuchoho (sub master of music), and Gakushi (musician) are entitled to the holders of Important Intangible Cultural Properties (Living National Treasure).
- 文化9年(1812年)に隠居し、11年に死す(徳照院叡嶽宗俊大居士)。
- He retired in 1812 and died in 1814 (Tokushoin Eigakusoshun Daikoji).
- 1809年(文化 (元号)6年)、成瀬正典が隠居の際、殺傷禁令を出す。
- In 1809, when Masanori NARUSE got retired, he issued a prohibition of killing animals.
- 親王は文化13年(1816年)に誕生、初名は清保(きよやす)といった。
- The Imperial Prince was born in 1816, first named 'Kiyoyasu.'
- 翌年の文化14年(1817年)、京都山科の門跡寺院・勧修寺を相続した。
- He inherited Kaju-ji Temple, a monzeki temple (a temple of high rank where members of the imperial family and nobility entered the priesthood) in Yamashina, Kyoto in the following year 1817.
- 京阪奈丘陵の一部は関西文化学術研究都市の奈良県域として開発されている。
- A part of Keihanna-kyuryo Hills is being developed as an area of Kansai Science City which belongs to Nara Prefecture.
- 中橋家住宅(重要文化財) - 屋号を「米彦」といい、米屋を営んでいた。
- Nakahashi Residence (Important Cultural Property): The Nakahashi family ran a rice store under the trade name of 'Yonehiko.'
- 1973年(昭和48年)、重要無形文化財各個指定者(人間国宝)に認定。
- In 1973, he was recognized as an individual certified as an Important Intangible Cultural Asset (Living National Treasure).
- 人形師・天狗久の制作用具・製品等が重要有形民俗文化財に指定されている。
- Tools and products of Tenguhisa, a puppeteer, are designated as a significant tangible folk cultural asset.
- この実質加増は文化 (元号)4年(1807年)2月7日に元に戻された。
- The ownership of those lands were returned on March 15, 1807 to rectify this issue.
- - 奈良・京都を中心に全国の古建築の調査を行い,文化財保護に尽くした。
- - Conducted nationwide surveys on antique architecture that centered around Nara and Kyoto, and contributed to the preservation of cultural properties.
- その系統は天武系の嫡流として奈良時代における文化・政治の担い手となった。
- Their direct descendants formed the Imperial line from the Emperor Tenmu, and played an important role in the field of culture and politics during the Nara period.
- 文化14年(1817年)、恵仁親王が即位すると、繋子は女御宣下を受ける。
- In 1817, Tsunako received senge (imperial proclamation) to become Nyogo when the Crown Prince Ayahito ascended the throne.
- 安永4年(1775年)に隠居し、文化 (元号)8年(1811年)に死す。
- He retired in 1775 and died in 1811.
- 文化 (元号)2年(1805年)に隠居し、文政1年(1818年)に死す。
- He retired in 1805 and died in 1818.
- 都道府県や市町村も、同様に「無形民俗文化財」として指定をおこなっている。
- Prefectural governments and local municipalities also designate 'intangible folk-cultural properties.'
- 西洋文化の影響を受けた新しい文芸・絵画・音楽・演劇などの芸術が流布した。
- New art, including literature, painting, music and plays, which had been influenced by Western culture, spread.
- 桂離宮・仙洞御所とならび、王朝文化の美学の到達点を示すものとなっている。
- It is equaled by Katsura Imperial Villa, Sento Imperial Palace and shows the achievement of court culture and aesthetics.
- 6世紀中葉には、飛鳥周辺に仏教が伝わって来て、文化の高い所となってきた。
- In the middle of the sixth century, Buddhism was introduced in Asuka which made Asuka become a culturally sophisticated place.
- 1985年3月 大阪府が、「関西文化学術研究都市大阪府基本構想」を発表。
- March, 1985: Osaka Prefecture announced 'A basic policy of Osaka Prefecture for constructing Kansai Science City.'
- 1988年4月 国土庁に「関西文化学術研究都市建設推進室」が設置される。
- April, 1988: 'The office for promoting the construction of Kansai Science City' was established in National Land Agency.
- 江戸時代の音楽文化は、概して、身分制や家元制に縛られた窮屈なものだった。
- The music culture in the Edo period was, as a whole, rigid as it was bound to the class system and to the monopolized system of licensing of teaching art.
- 昭和43年 (1968)、重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)に認定される。
- In 1968, he was accredited as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure.)
- 関西と関東の文化の違いが現在に至るまで如実に現れている食材の一つである。
- It is a dish which displays the marked differences in culture between the Kansai and Kanto regions
- 保存と活用のための措置が特に必要とされる近代の文化財が多数存在している。
- There are many cultural properties of modern times that especially require some measure of preservation and application.
- 夏を挟んで長期間営業が可能な環境にあり、独自の屋台文化を開花させてきた。
- A longer seasonal period, including the summer time, allowed Kyushu to develop an original street stall culture.
- 特に聖武天皇の天平年間は奈良文化の最盛期であり、書道の発展が著しかった。
- In particular, in the Tenpyo era of Emperor Shomu, the Nara culture became most prosperous and calligraphy developed considerably.
- 第二次大戦後に重要美術品から重要文化財を経て国宝に指定された物件もある。
- After World War II, some of the important art objects were upgraded to an important cultural property and then designated as a national treasure.
- これは北京人文科学研究所・上海自然科学研究所・東方文化学院の設立を指す。
- This applied to the establishment of Beijing Institute for the study of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shanghai Natural Science Laboratories, and Academy of Oriental Culture.
- 地方にも文化意識が高まり、実隆も求められてたくさんの古典を書写している。
- The cultural standard in the countryside was raised, and Sanetaka was asked to transcribe many classics.
- - 日本国際連合教育科学文化機関国内委員会委員 社団法人日本物理学会会長
- He became a member of the committee of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) of Japan and the chairperson of the Physical Society of Japan.
- 和歌・連歌・蹴鞠などの技芸に通じており、文化人としての氏真の評価は高い。
- Ujizane was skilled in the practical arts such as waka poetry, renga poetry and kemari, and he was highly regarded as an intellectual.
- 竹石白鶴図(京都・大徳寺真珠庵)伝正信筆 重要文化財 京都国立博物館委託
- Chikuseki-Hakkaku-zu (Daitoku-ji Temple Shinju-an, Kyoto Prefecture) A painting attributed to Masanobu, Important Cultural Property, on loan to Kyoto National Museum
- 文化 (元号)14年(1817年)、光格天皇の猶子となり親王宣下を受ける。
- In 1817, he was adopted by Emperor Kokaku and given the title of Imperial Prince.
- 幽斎は古今伝授の継承者、忠興は千利休の高弟として、文化面でも重きをなした。
- Yusai and Tadaoki were also influential in the cultural field, as Yusai was a successor of Kokin denju (the secret transmissions of the 'Kokinshu,' Anthology of Old and New Japanese Poems) and Tadaoki was a high-caliber disciple of SEN no Rikyu.
- 代わりに上方の経済的中心となった大坂を中心とした元禄文化が花開く事になる。
- Instead, Genroku-bunka prospered in Osaka which became the center of economy in kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area).
- 現在では、地元作家の出演のみならず、地元文化人、地元マスコミ関係者も出演。
- At present not only the local writers but also local cultural figures and local people from media are on the stage.
- 京都文化博覧会(きょうとぶんかはくらんかい)は、京都市で開催される博覧会。
- Kyoto Cultural Exhibition is an exhibition which is held in Kyoto.
- また、この集落は、文化庁の「重要伝統的建造物群保存地区」に選定されている。
- Furthermore, the settlement in this area has been selected as one of the 'Important Preservation Districts for Groups of Historic Buildings' by the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- 日本聖公会京都教区主教座聖堂聖アグネス教会(1898年築、国の重要文化財)
- St. Agnes' Episcopal Church (Anglican), Kyoto (constructed in 1898 and has been designated as a national important cultural property).
- 明治維新後は体制や文化の変化に伴って茶陶の需要が激減し、廃業した者も多い。
- After the Meiji Restoration, the demand for tea pottery rapidly dropped as Japanese society and culture changed, leading to many potters giving up their professions.
- その一方で日本の古典文化は排斥され、唄や踊りの伝承書が焚書された例もある。
- In the meantime, classical Japanese culture was denounced, and there were examples of book burning of written traditions of song and dance.
- 二毛作による粉食文化のある群馬県・埼玉県北部・秩父地方の野菜煮込みうどん。
- Okkirikomi is a bowl of simmering Udon noodles with vegetables, a specialty of Gunma Prefecture, north of Saitama Prefecture and the Chichibu area, where they are enjoying a powdered food culture materialized by the two-crop system.
- 前者3点は国宝、MIHO MUSEUMの1点は重要文化財に指定されている。
- The former three were designated as national treasure and the one possessed by MIHO MUSEUM was designated as important cultural asset.
- また大衆から愛される大衆文化からできた料理を大衆料理と呼ばれることもある。
- Dishes that have been generated in the popular culture liked by the general public are sometimes called taishu-ryori dishes as well.
- 古墳文化の広がりを以てヤマト王権勢力の拡大とするには証拠として無理がある。
- It is unreasonable to back up the expansion of the royal forces based on the spread of the tumulus culture.
- 雄山神社前立社壇本殿(国の重要文化財、室町時代中期)も義材の修築と伝える。
- Oyama-jinja Shrine Maedate-shadan Honden (national important cultural property, repaired in the middle of the Muromachi period) is also known to have been repaired by Yoshiki.
- 唐へは遣唐使を派遣して友好関係を保ちつつ進んだ法制度や文化の輸入に努めた。
- Envoys were dispatched to Tang Dynasty and while keeping a friendly relationship, they tried to import the advanced legal systems and culture.
- 上冷泉家住宅は、京都市今出川通烏丸東入ルにあり、重要文化財に指定されている。
- The residence of the Kami Reizei family is located at Karasuma Higashi-iru, Imadegawa-dori Street, Kyoto City, and has been designated an important cultural property.
- 文化14年(1817年)に即位し、父光格上皇の意をうけて朝儀復興に尽力した。
- The Emperor was enthroned in 1817, and he put his efforts into the reconstruction of the ceremony of the Imperial Court, as his father, Emperor Kokaku, wanted him to do.
- 平安京への遷都以前、奈良時代までは政治・文化の中心地として栄えた地域である。
- Before the transfer of the capital to Heiankyo (ancient capital in current Kyoto) until the Nara period, this area flourished as the political and cultural center.
- 新風館 - 複合商業施設(京都市登録有形文化財) ※交差点より南へ徒歩1分。
- Shin-puh-kan - Commercial complex (registered tangible cultural property of Kyoto City) * one-minute walk to the south from the intersection
- 木津三社祭り(木津町指定文化財(無形民俗)の登録名称は「木津布団太鼓台祭」)
- Kizu Sansha Matsuri Festival : Its registered name as the designated cultural asset of Kizu-cho (the intangible folk custom) is 'Kizu Futon Daikodai Matsuri Festival.'
- 昭和43年 (1968)、重要無形文化財保持者各個認定(人間国宝)をうける。
- He was individually designated as a holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1968.
- 2003年 重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)に認定(親子二代での人間国宝)。
- 2003: He was designated a holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) (His father is also a Living National Treasure).
- そのうち重要なものを重要無形文化財として指定することができると規定している。
- The law prescribes that among them, the important things are allowed to be designated as important intangible cultural properties.
- もっとも美味・不味の判断は個々人の主観や文化・環境などによるところが大きい。
- The judgment of whether a food is tasty or not tasty is largely dependent on each person's subjectivity, culture or the environment.
- そのため早急な保護措置を講ずるため、有形の民俗文化財にも登録制度を拡充した。
- Therefore, registration system is also introduced to tangible folk cultural properties for an immediate protection measure.
- 日本には、風景、自然、文化に富んだ観光資源が多々あり、観光資源となっている。
- Japan has abundant tourist resources with beautiful scenery, majestic nature, and a variety of culture.
- 文化の勝手造り令は必ずしも酒屋たちにとって手放しでめでたい話とならなかった。
- Breweries did not necessarily blindly welcome the Katte-Zukuri Decree in the Bunka Era.
- こうした対立に、異文化遭遇の際に起こりがちな迷信・風説の流布が拍車をかけた。
- This opposition further increased the spread of superstitions and rumors that often occur when encountering foreign cultures.
- 文化7年(1810年)9月父帝光格天皇の命で京極宮を継承し、桂宮の宮号を賜る。
- In September 1810, the prince became the head of the Kyogoku-no-miya famly under the order of his father, the Emperor Kokaku, and was granted Miyago (reigning name) of Katsura-no-miya.
- 思想的にも自由と開放・躍動の気分が横溢し、都市を中心とする大衆文化が花開いた。
- In terms of thoughts also, freedom, liberation and saltation spread and popular culture blossomed mainly in the city areas.
- 文化的遺産としての「道路名」は、極力、往古の名称を残していくべきものと考える。
- Keeping the old street names unchanged as a 'street name' cultural asset is considered that should be done.
- 十一代 慶入(文化 (元号)14(1817年) - 明治35年(1902年))
- The eleventh Keinyu (1817-1902)
- これにより、上流社会の行事から一般の国民が参加できる文化行事へと変化を遂げた。
- In this way, the high society event turned into a cultural event in which the general public can participate.
- スケトウダラを加工して食べる食文化は、朝鮮半島で17世紀ごろには広まっていた。
- Processed walleye pollack was already prevalent in the food culture of the Korean Peninsula by the 17th century.
- しかしながら、この現象は、文化の異なる例えば中国人には奇異に映るかもしれない。
- Such a custom might appear strange to the Chinese.
- それによると、「埋蔵文化財として扱う範囲に関する原則」は、以下のとおりである。
- According to this notice, the 'principles for the scope of buried cultural properties' are as follows.
- 形態、製作技法、用法等において我が国民の生活文化の特色を示すもので典型的なもの
- A typical object that shows characteristics of Japanese life and culture in a shape, a fabrication technique, a usage etc.
- 江戸末期の文化年間には女性の装いの帯締めとしての用途にも使われるようになった。
- During the Bunka era (1804 to 1817) in the late Edo period, it came to be used also as a obijime (decorative string used to hold a kimono sash in place) for women.
- 近藤篤三郎『文化財保護の実務』(柏書房、1979) - 7,983件(p62)
- 'Bunkazai Hogo no Jitsumu' (Practical Work of Cultural Properties Protection) written by Tokusaburo KONDO (published by Kashiwa Shobo in 1979) - 7,983 (page 62)
- 近世も徳川家祥元服ほかしばしば使用された例がある(有職文化研究所蔵調進控見本)。
- There are several instances where these motif were used in the early-modern times, such as coming-of-age ceremony of Iesachi TOKUGAWA (Sample of Choshin Hikae in the collection of Yusoku Bunka Kenkyujo (Institute of Court Culture)).
- 京に帰った後は上賀茂神社で神職となり、「雲錦亭」と名付けた文化サロンを主宰した。
- He then returned to Kyoto to become a priest in Kamigamo-jinja Shrine and organized a cultural salon named 'Unkintei.'
- 高木家住宅(重要文化財) - 屋号を「大東の四条屋」といい、酒造業を営んでいた。
- Takagi Residence (Important Cultural Property): The Takagi family was involved in sake brewing business under the trade name of 'Daito no Shijoya.'
- 吉村家(県指定文化財)-旧は上田家で、屋号を「壺八」といい、肥料商を営んでいた。
- Yoshimura Residence (prefectural cultural property): This residence was formerly owned by the Ueda family which acted as a fertilizer merchant under the trade name of 'Tsuboya.'
- 北吸浄水場 - 配水池と上屋が「舞鶴旧鎮守府水道施設」として国の重要文化財に指定
- Kitasui water purification plant ? this distribution reservoir and facility shed has been designated as a nationally important cultural asset, and labeled the 'Former Maizuru Chinju-fu water supply facility.'
- 外国から輸入した文化を日本向けに改良した物の例として挙げられる事がしばしばある。
- It is often cited as a concrete sample that a variety of things from foreign cultures introduced to Japan are tailored to meet the needs of Japanese.
- 文字ははじめ実用として生まれたが、文化の進展につれ美的に表現する方法が生まれた。
- Characters were initially created for actual use, but the method to express aesthetically was created with the advancement in culture.
- 勝沼ワイン 500点(山梨県 甲州市ぶどうの国文化館) 2006年3月15日登録
- Katsunuma wine (Grape culture hall, Koshu City, Yamanashi Prefecture) registration date: March 15, 2006
- 特に1966年の文化大革命以降に中国で製造された唐墨は、品質が悪いとされている。
- Especially, it is said that Chinese ink sticks produced in and after the Cultural Revolution in 1966 are bad in quality.
- 誕生まもない俳諧に比べて、上代からの伝統的日本文化である和歌の革新は抑制された。
- Compared with haikai, which had been just generated, waka was traditional Japanese culture that had continued since Jodai (ancient times); therefore, its degree of innovation was suppressed.
- 以後、延享元年、宝暦11年、文化_(元号)7年などにも同様の法令が出されている。
- Similar laws were enforced in 1744, 1761, and 1812.
- この研究が評価され、1940年学士院恩賜賞受賞、1943年最年少で文化勲章受章。
- This research was appreciated, with the result that he was awarded the Gakushi-in Onshi-sho (the Imperial prize of the Imperial Academy (later Japan Academy)) in 1940 and the Order of Culture in 1943, while becoming the youngest winner of the Order of Culture.
- 愛知・滝山寺 聖観音菩薩・梵天・帝釈天立像(重要文化財)-建仁元年(1201年)
- Standing Statues of Shokannon Bosatsu (Holy Deity of Mercy), Bon-ten, and Taishaku-ten at Takisan-ji Temple in Aichi Prefecture (important cultural assets) (1201).
- このような算額奉納の習慣は世界中をみても他に類例がなく、日本独特の文化といわれる。
- No such custom can be found in any other country in the world and the culture of dedicating mathematical puzzles is said to be unique to Japan.
- 第1回京都文化博覧会での優勝者は、武道(剣道)を「気」という日本の心から紹介した。
- The winner at the first Kyoto Cultural Exhibition introduced Budo (martial arts) (Kendo [Japanese art of fencing]) from the viewpoint of the Japanese mind called 'ki' (will power and good spirits).
- 賀茂季鷹・岸駒・飯田忠彦など、著名な文化人や学者を家臣として抱えていたことも有名。
- It is well known they had famous, highly educated people as retainers, such as KAMO no Suetaka, Ganku and Tadahiko IIDA.
- 文明開化を経て封建主義や鎖国の影響も影をひそめ、欧米から近代文化がどっと流入する。
- After civilization and enlightenment, the influence of feudalism and national isolation seemed to disappear and modern culture flooded into Japan from Western countries.
- 本堂は近世初頭に再建されたもので、平成14年5月23日国の重要文化財に指定された。
- The main hall of the temple was rebuilt in the early modern period and designated as a national Important Cultural Property on May 23, 2002.
- 豊田家住宅(重要文化財) - 古くは材木商の牧村家の所有で「西の木屋」と呼ばれた。
- Toyoda Residence (Important Cultural Property): Once owned by the Makimura family which ran a lumber business, it was called 'Nishinokiya.'
- 音村家住宅(重要文化財) - 屋号を「細九」といい、かつては金物問屋を営んでいた。
- Otomura Residence (Important Cultural Property): The Otomura family once acted as a hardware wholesale merchant under the trade name of 'Hosoku.'
- 江戸時代後期の大規模仏堂建築の代表作として、1998年重要文化財に指定されている。
- It was designated an important cultural property as a representative large-scale Buddhist temple in the late Edo period.
- 1984年2月 奈良県が、「関西文化学術研究都市における奈良県の基本構想」を発表。
- February, 1984: Nara Prefecture announced 'A basic policy of Nara Prefecture for Kansai Science City.'
- 1984年4月 京都府が、「関西文化学術研究都市(京都府域)建設基本計画案」発表。
- April, 1984: Kyoto Prefecture announced 'A basic policy for constructing Kansai Science City (for its area in Kyoto Prefecture).'
- 大福光寺足利尊氏建立の本堂、三重の塔、方丈記の最古の写本(国宝)等、重要文化財多数
- The main building of Daifukuko-ji Temple built by Takauji ASHIKAGA, Sanju no To (Triplet Tower), and the oldest manuscript of Hojoki (An Account of My Hut) (National Treasure) and many valuable cultural assets.
- 発祥は『嬉遊笑覧』に記述がある、文化 (元号)に馬喰町に存在した「笹屋」とされる。
- Its birthplace is considered to be 'Sasaya' (a soba restaurant) that existed in Bakuro Cho in the Bunka era as mentioned in 'Kiyushoran' (an encyclopedic book on cultures).
- 作曲家のすぎやまこういちも「日本の音楽文化に暗黒時代を築いた」と自著に記している。
- Koichi SUGIYAMA, a composer, also writes in his book that it 'brought about the dark age in Japanese music culture.'
- - 1734-1807(享保19-文化4)すぐれた教育者で和算の普及に大いに貢献。
- 1734 – 1807: he was an excellent teacher and contributed greatly to the dissemination of wasan.
- 大日本帝国海軍の糧食として採用され、米飯を主食とする日本の食文化とマッチして定着。
- It was adopted as a food to sustain the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and became popular because it matched Japan's food culture which was based on rice.
- 上方文化(かみがたぶんか)とは、大坂と京都を中心にした上方の地ではぐくまれてきた、
- Kamigata Bunka is a culture cultivated in Kamigata centered in Osaka and Kyoto.
- (1)由来、内容等において我が国民の基盤的な生活文化の特色を示すもので典型的なもの
- (1) One that shows typical features of Japanese foundational life and culture in origin, details, etc.
- 176冊の中から文化、文政、天保の年に多く出版されているという村田あがの分析結果。
- The research results by Aga MURATA, of 176 books most were published in the Bunka, Bunsei and Tenpo eras.
- 一方、西日本や東北では低湿地が増加した為、低湿地に適した文化形式が発達していった。
- On the other hand, the wetland areas expanded in western Japan and the Tohoku region; as a result, the cultural style suitable for the wetlands had developed.
- 前述のように、縄文前期には日本列島内に九つの文化圏が成立していたと考えられている。
- As mentioned above, it is assumed that nine cultural regions were established in the Japanese archipelago by the early Jomon period.
- そのためか、応仁の乱後に義政は隠匿し、その後はさらに文化的な活動に拍車がかかった。
- Perhaps, because of this reason, Yoshimasa went into hiding after the Onin war and he became even more active in his cultural activities after that.
- 文化五年閏六月 (1808年7月) には市村座『彩入御伽草』で怪談物の狂言を完成。
- In July 1808, he completed a ghost story by 'Iroeiri Otogizoshi' at the Ichimura-za theater.
- 翌文化8年(1811年)5月16日親王宣下を受け、盛仁と命名されるが、同月17日没。
- On July 6, 1811, he was given the title of Imperial Prince and renamed Takehito; however, he passed away on the following day.
- 文化財保護法に基づいて指定される地方公共団体指定の記念物も、上記の分類に準じている。
- Designation of monuments by local public bodies under the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties is made according to the above categorization.
- 東京に近く、市が観光振興に力を入れていることもあり、観光文化都市として繁栄している。
- Kamakura flourished as a city of international tourism and culture partly because it was geographically close to Tokyo and because the municipal government promoted tourism.
- 1985年9月 関係省庁による、「関西文化学術研究都市関係省庁連絡調整会議」が発足。
- September, 1985: 'The liaison and adjustment meeting of the ministries concerned with Kansai Science City' by the ministries concerned was inaugurated.
- 安国寺 (福山市)(釈迦堂、阿弥陀三尊像などが国の重要文化財、境内が広島県指定史跡)
- Ankoku-ji Temple (Fukuyama City): The Shaka-do Buddhist Sanctum and the Amida Sanzon-zo Trinity and so on are designated as nationally designated important cultural properties, and the precincts is a prefecturally designated historical site of Hiroshima Prefecture.
- 死の前年の昭和35年 (1960) には文化功労者および人間国宝にも認定されている。
- In 1960, the year before his death, he was designated a Person of Cultural Merit and a Living National Treasure.
- 中国独自の書蹟保存・享受法であり、同じ書道文化を持つ日本などではほとんど見られない。
- The mokoku is a calligraphy preservation and enjoyment method unique to China, and is rarely seen in Japan and other countries having the same calligraphy culture as China.
- この文化的流行が歌舞伎役者に一般化するにつれて俳名に変化した(現代の俳優名に発展)。
- As this cultural fashion was generalized to Kabuki actors, the item branched into Haimyo (a pen name of the haiku poet), which later developed into a name used by current actors.
- 性教育のため、性文化の追求、また思想、宗教的意味合いがあったかなどもわかっていない。
- It was not known if it was for sex education or for the pursuit of sex culture, or philosophical or religious implication.
- その業績が認められ、人間国宝に認定、さらに文化功労者にも選ばれたが、直後に急逝した。
- His achievements were recognized and he was appointed to Living National Treasure and was chosen as Bunkakorosha (Person of Cultural Merits), but he died immediately after that.
- 「記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の民俗文化財の選択基準」が次のとおり規定されている。
- The selection criteria for intangible folk cultural properties selected for measures such as recording is stipulated as follows.
- 若しくは文化人類学のアニミズム論で用いられる魂や霊魂や命や神の総称や一部を表す言葉)
- It is also a general term referring to the soul, spirit, life, and gods or part thereof used in a theory of animism in cultural anthropology.
- 遵義堂(じゅんぎどう)は、1808年(文化 (元号)5年)に設立された膳所藩の藩校。
- 'Jungido' is a hanko (school for the descendants of feudal lords) founded by the Zeze clan in 1808.
- 江戸時代は全般に庶民文化の栄えた時代であるが、建築でも世俗化の傾向が顕著に見られる。
- In the Edo period, when more popular culture flourished, a clear tendency towards secularism is also observed in the field of architecture.
- 文化 (元号)期頃から敵討ち物が全盛となって長編化し、合巻というジャンルに移行した。
- From around the Bunka era, the revenge story reached its height, and it became long, then it was shifted to the genre of gokan (bound-together volumes of illustrated books).
- また、東アジアの漢字文化圏においては、地位を譲り受けることを、受禅(じゅぜん)という。
- Succession to the throne in this fashion is called juzen (accession to the throne as a result of the monarch's abdication) in East-Asian countries where Chinese characters are used.
- また、長らく日本の政治・文化の中心地であったので、宮殿や豪族の邸宅などが建ち並びんだ。
- Asuka has been the center of politics and culture in Japan for a long period, and there were a number of palaces or residences of Gozoku (local ruling family).
- このページでは、「歴史都市」「観光文化都市」としての「鎌倉」について述べることとする。
- This page describes 'Kamakura' as a 'historical city' and 'city of international tourism and culture.'
- 1995年4月 けいはんな記念公園(京都府立関西文化学術研究都市記念公園)の供用開始。
- April, 1995: Use of Keihanna Commemorative Park (the Kyoto-prefectural park commemorating the establishment of Kansai Science City) started.
- 奈良時代の一時期、都(恭仁京)が置かれたという歴史があり、多数の史跡・文化財を有する。
- As the capital (Kuni-kyo) was located around this area for a period of time in the Nara period, the area has many historical sites and cultural assets.
- 香港やシンガポールなど中国系文化圏でも、旧暦の正月にお祝いをすることがほとんどである。
- In the Chinese culture area such as Hong Kong and Singapore, people celebrate the new year according to the lunar calendar in most cases.
- 清楽は文化文政の幕末に入った清朝の音楽で世俗に流行し、明清楽とも言われるようになった。
- Shingaku is Chinese Qing Dynasty music that was imported in the Bunka-Bunsei era (1786 to 1841) of the Edo period, and it became popular among ordinary people, also being called minshingaku (Ming and Qing-era Chinese music).
- 重要文化財指定名称は、唐物肩衝茶入 銘初花(からものかたつきちゃいれ めいはつはな)。
- It is registered as Important Cultural Property under the name of 'Karamono Katatsuki Chaire Meihatsuhana.'
- 日本列島の旧石器時代の最終に現れたのが、この細石器(細石刃)を使った細石刃文化である。
- What appeared at the end of the Paleolithic period in the Japanese archipelago is the Saisekijin Culture in which saisekki (or saisekijin) was used.
- 総合的な日本仏教文化史であるとともに六国史の抄本的役割を担って後世の識者に重宝された。
- It was considered a useful book by intellectuals in later years, having a role of an abridgment of Rikkokushi (Six National Histories) as well as a comprehensive history book of Japanese Buddhist culture.
- この時期には日本列島に大きく分けて九つの文化圏が成立していたと考えられている(後述)。
- It is assumed that roughly the nine cultural regions were established in the Japanese archipelago during this period (mentioned below).
- 兄 小川芳樹(冶金学者・東大教授)、貝塚茂樹(東洋史学者・京大名誉教授、文化勲章受章)
- He had two elder brothers; Yoshiki OGAWA (a metallurgist and the professor of the University of Tokyo) and Shigeki KAIZUKA (a scholar of Oriental history, the professor emeritus of Kyoto University, and a winner of the Order of Culture).
- 九鬼隆度(たかのり)【文化5年7月5日藩主就任-文政5年(1822年)閏1月24日隠居】
- Takanori KUKI (became the lord of the domain on July 5, 1808, retired on January 24, 1822)
- 総面積は、およそ15,000ha、そのうち文化学術研究地区はおよそ3,600haである。
- The total land space is 15,000 ha, of which the cultural and academic research zones occupy approx. 3.600 ha.
- 「自然と伝統を生かし、文化を創造する調和のとれたふれあいのまち」を町の標語に掲げていた。
- Kizu-cho once held the watchword, 'the town of nature and tradition which are both harmonized with the newly created culture, and which you can contact with.'
- また遣隋使や遣唐使により、中華文化が直接日本に将来するようになり、晋唐の書風が流行した。
- In addition, since the envoys to Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty China directly brought back Chinese culture, the calligraphic style of the Jin and Tang dynasties became the vogue.
- 文化 (元号)・文政の頃に現代の和食が完成し、ウナギ・天ぷら・寿司などが大衆に流行した。
- Modern-day Japanese cuisine was established during the Bunka era (1804 to 1817) and the Bunsei era (1818 to 1829), and eel, tempura, and sushi became popular among the commoners.
- 7世紀以降、遣隋使、遣唐使の派遣などにより、中国の文化が日本に次々と流入するようになる。
- Since the seventh century, Japanese envoys to the Chinese Sui and Tang Dynasties were sent, and as a result, Chinese culture was introduced to Japan on a larger scale.
- 欧米の一部には、これを新しい食文化の誕生を疎外するものであると批判的に見る向きもあった。
- Some Western countries considered that such plan might disturb the birth of a new food culture, and took a critical look at the plan.
- 「登録有形民俗文化財登録基準」では、登録の基準を次のいずれかに該当するもの、としている。
- According to the 'Registered tangible folk cultural properties registration criteria', it shall meet one of the following criteria.
- 1950年の文化財保護法施行をもって、旧「重要美術品等ノ保存ニ関スル法律」は廃止された。
- The former 'the Law relating to the reservation of important fine arts' was abolished by the enactment of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 1950.
- なお、厳密な件数については、文化庁から公式の目録や図録が公表されていないため未詳である。
- Their precise number, however, is unknown as relevant official inventories or pictorial records have not been issued by the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- 都城制(とじょうせい)とは東アジア文化圏において中国の都城の影響を受けた都市設計をいう。
- Tojo system is a way of city planning developed in the East Asia cultural sphere by absorbing the influence of Chinese imperial cities.
- 記述内容は山岳地誌のみにとどまらず、当地の習俗にまで及び文化人類学的な側面も備えている。
- The contents were not just about the topography of the mountains but also they had an aspect of cultural anthropology with description of endemic folkways.
- 第十代藩主本多康完が、儒学者皆川淇園のすすめにより、1808年(文化5年)9月設立した。
- The 10th feudal lord Yasusada HONDA, founded the school in September 1808 at the suggestion of Kien NINAGAWA, a Confusian scholar.
- 前2者とは異なり、この文化圏の沖合は暖流が優越する為、寒流系の海獣狩猟は行われなかった。
- Unlike the second cultural region, the warm current was dominant offshore in this cultural region; therefore, the sea animal hunting in the cold current was not possible.
- 日本はこの時代、豊富な前工業時代的技術と高い文化を兼ね備えた洗練された封建社会であった。
- A refined feudal society was established in Japan with rich preindustrial arts and a developed culture.
- なお、冷泉家時雨亭文庫に、撰者自筆本が伝存しており、昭和59年に重要文化財に指定された。
- The manuscript in Tameie's own handwriting is still in the collection of Reizeike Shiguretei Bunko and it was designated as the national important cultural property in 1984.
- 演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの
- Arts and skills employed in drama, music and applied arts, and other intangible cultural products which possess a high historical and/or artistic value in and for this country.
- 江戸時代初期の造営当初の庭園と建築物を遺しており、当時の(王朝)文化の粋を今に伝えている。
- It retains the original garden and buildings from early Edo period when it was built, it brings the old-world elegance from that period (imperial dynasty) to the present.
- 栗山家住宅(1607年築、建立年代の判明する日本最古の民家といわれる。重要文化財。非公開)
- Kuriyama family residence (built in 1607; said to be the oldest private house in Japan which has an identified time of construction) is a national treasure and not disclosed.
- 奈良時代に、遣唐使や渤海使が出航し、江戸時代以降も重要な港として、能登文化の中心になった。
- Japanese envoys left from this port for Tang Dynasty and Bohai Kingdom in the Nara period, and the port remained to play an important role as a center of Noto culture after the Edo period.
- 近年の沖縄県では、首里城復元などを機に、琉球王国の宮廷文化を再評価する機運が高まっている。
- In recent years in Okinawa Prefecture, events such as the restoration of Shuri-jo Castle have presented greater opportunities to reassess Ryukyu kingdom court culture.
- それらの文化を内包した経緯もあり、また蝦夷や夷といった民族とも比較的新しい時代に交わった。
- Cultures from these ethnic groups were incorporated, and exchanges with ethnic groups such as Emishi and Ebisu took place in relatively early years.
- 江戸時代後期の文化 (元号)4年(1807年)に未生斎一甫と未生斎広甫によって創設される。
- It was founded by Ippo MISHOSAI and Koho MISHOSAI in 1807 in the late Edo period.
- 後続の『続膝栗毛』は、1810年(文化7年)から1822年(文政5年)にかけて刊行された。
- The sequel, 'Zoku Hizakurige' (Hizakurige, continued) was published between 1810 to 1822.
- この細石刃文化期(14,300~12,000年前)の遺跡は、全国で500個所を優に超える。
- The number of the remains dating back to the period of Saisekijin Culture (from 14300 to 12000 years ago) easily exceeds 500.
- 原本は家康没後、江戸城内の紅葉山文庫に収蔵され、現在は国立公文書館蔵で、重要文化財である。
- After Ieyasu died, the original text was held in the Momijiyama Library in the Edo-jo Castle, and is now owned by the National Archives of Japan, being designated as an Important Cultural Properties.
- 応仁の乱で京都の文化が地方伝播すると、連歌も畿内だけでなく、日本各地で行われるようになる。
- Once the culture of Kyoto spread to the countryside amid the turmoil of the Onin War, renga came to be composed not only in the Kinai District but throughout Japan as well.
- -明和8年(1771年)-享和2年(1802年)分(文化 (元号)元年(1804年)成立)
- Cases from 1771 to 1802; completed in 1804
- 播磨国龍野藩では、最も古いものとしては文化2年(1805年)8月発行の銭札が現存している。
- The oldest han bill issued by Tatsuno Domain of Harima Province in August 1805 still exists.
- また文化人、趣味人としても名高く、陶庵と号し書を能くし、叙情あふれる漢詩も多く残している。
- He was also well-known as a man of culture and his hobbies distinguished him; he was a talented poet who left many lyrical Chinese-style poems under the pen name of Toan.
- 阿米久爾意斯波留支比里爾波乃弥己等(あめくにおしはるきひろにわのみこと)- 『中宮寺文化財』
- Amekunioshiharukihiro no Mikoto-mentioned in the book, 'Cultural Properties of Chugu-ji Temple'
- 徳川美術館では、源氏物語絵巻をはじめとする尾張徳川家伝来の貴重な文化財を保存し公開している。
- There, valuable cultural properties that had been handed down in the Owari Tokugawa family, including Genji Monogatari Emaki (illustrated hand scrolls of the Tale of Genji), are preserved and exhibited.
- 鶴屋南北 (4代目)(当時は勝諺蔵)作、1808年(文化 (元号)5年)7月江戸市村座初演。
- It was written by Nanboku TSURUYA IV (at the time called Genzo KATSU) and first staged in July 1808 at the Edo Ichimura-za theater.
- 中世以前の天皇の真跡の現存するものは数が少なく、国宝や重要文化財に指定されているものが多い。
- There are only a few documents in which Shinseki (original handwriting) of emperors before the Medieval Period exists, and many of them have been designated as a national treasures or important cultural properties.
- 文化6年(1809年)3月24日、父帝の中宮欣子内親王(新清和院)の養子として立太子された。
- He became the crown prince as an adopted son of his father's chugu (second consort of an emperor), Princess Yoshiko (Shin-Seiwa in), on March 24, 1809.
- さらに大正12年の関東大震災後には関東からの移住者が多数あり、文化・経済の更なる興隆を見た。
- Further, after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, there were many immigrants from the Kanto region, which caused a further increase boom in the culture and economy.
- 上田家住宅(重要文化財) - 屋号を「壺屋」といい、今西家・尾崎家と並び惣年寄を勤めていた。
- Ueda Residence (Important Cultural Property): The Ueda family traded under the name of 'Tsuboya,' and worked as sodoshiyori along with the Imanishi and Ozaki families.
- 1993年(平成5年)、この集落全体が、文化庁の「重要伝統的建造物群保存地区」に選定された。
- In 1993, this entire village was designated as a Preservation District for Groups of Historic Buildings by the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- このように文化が近く中華文明が起源である漢字を使用する両国でも、妖怪のその意味合いが異なる。
- As it can be seen, even though these two countries are culturally close and they both use Chinese characters that have their origin in Chinese civilization, the meaning of yokai differs.
- 本業以外での文化的価値と多能工(色々な職能を持つ)であることから町鳶、町大工と並び称された。
- Because tobishoku can be engaged in activities with cultural values besides its regular trade and regarded as a cross-trained worker, it can also called machitobi and machidaiku.
- 昭和モダン(しょうわモダン)とは昭和時代の始めに花開いた和洋折衷の近代市民文化のことである。
- Showa-modern is a term referring to a modern civil culture that flourished in the early Showa period merging Japanese and Western styles.
- また近代以降は西欧の影響を強く受けているが、日本の風土・文化に合わせた独自な展開も見られる。
- Since the modern era, western culture has also had an influence, but at the same time, a unique Japanese style of architecture has developed that is integrated with the natural environment and culture of Japan.
- また、春藤本は2006年(平成18年)に臼杵市に寄贈され、臼杵市登録文化財に指定されている。
- Shunto-bon was donated to Usuki City in 2006 and specified as registered cultural property of Usuki City.
- その後続いた長い戦乱の中、天皇の権威は衰えながらも主に文化・伝統の継承者として存続していった。
- Although the authority of Emperor was weakened after a long period of warfare which occurred following the split of the Imperial Court, the Imperial Court continued to exist mainly as the successor of culture and tradition.
- この時に明仁から授けられた守り刀は、重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)に認定された隅谷正峯の作。
- The mamorigatana (the sword for protection) given by Emperor Akihito on the ceremony was made by Masamine SUMITANI, the holder of certified Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 九鬼隆郷(たかさと)【天明7年4月7日藩主就任-文化 (元号)5年(1808年)5月晦日死去】
- Takasato KUKI (became the lord of the domain on April 7, 1787, died at the end of May, 1808)
- 794年に日本の首都に定められた都城・平安京にあたり、日本の政治・日本の文化の中心地となった。
- Kyoto was formerly named Heian-kyo, which was designated Japan's capital in 794 and served as the political and cultural center of the country.
- 明治時代中期、伝来の文化遺産の復古が叫ばれ、多田親愛・大口周魚を中心に上代様の復古が盛行した。
- In the mid Meiji period, the restoration of the traditional cultural heritage was encouraged and that of Jodaiyo became active, centered around Shinai TADA and Shugyo OGUCHI.
- 京都賞(きょうとしょう)とは、科学や技術、文化において著しい貢献をした人々に与えられる国際賞。
- The Kyoto Prize is the international award given to the people who made great contribution to science, technology and culture.
- CS放送「歌舞伎チャンネル」を運営する伝統文化放送では、歌舞伎役者で唯一取締役に就任している。
- He is an only Kabuki actor appointed as a board member of Traditional Culture Broadcasting that manages 'Kabuki Channel' of CS broadcasting.
- 白沢の養蚕関係用具 331点(福島県 本宮市白沢ふれあい文化ホール) 2008年3月13日登録
- Sericulture tools of Shirasawa: 331 items (Shirasawa fureai culture hall, Motomiya City, Fukushima Prefecture) registration date: March 13, 2008
- 文化 (元号)2年(1805年)に、後に共同で未生流を開く事となる未生斎一甫が上田家を訪れる。
- In 1805, Ueda family received a visit of Ippo MISHOSAI who would later establish Misho school of flower arrangement in collaboration with Koho MISHOSAI.
- ベトナムは近代まで漢字文化圏に属し、漢字ばかりでなく、科挙といった中国の諸制度を導入していた。
- Vietnam belonged to a cultural sphere, in which Chinese characters were used and imported not only Chinese characters but also systems in China such as Keju (examinations for Chinese state bureaucrats).
- その背景として独特の地理的歴史的環境から十津川は文化や言語の面でも特色が強いことが挙げられる。
- As the background of the sense of strong self-reliance, we can cite that Totsukawa has a strong characteristics in its culture and language due to the unique geographic and historical environment.
- 後、戦国時代 (中国)末期に五行思想と一体となった陰陽五行思想として東アジア文化圏に広まった。
- Later, at the end of the Warring States Period (in China), it was incorporated with Gogyo shiso (Five Elements Theory), and it spread across the East Asian cultural sphere as Inyo [Onmyo] gogyo shiso (Yin-Yang Wu-Hsing Idea).
- 日本の明治維新も典型的な保守革命とされ、三島由紀夫の「文化防衛論」も保守革命的思想といわれる。
- The Meiji Restoration in Japan is regarded as a typical conservative revolution, and Yukio MISHIMA's 'bunka boei ron' (Discussion on the Defense of Culture) is also said to have been a conservative revolutionary ideology.
- また、この連歌集の撰出により連歌が和歌から独立し、独自の文化としての地位を占めるようになった。
- Compiling this renga anthology contributed to independence of renga from waka to flourish as an unique field of culture.
- 旧三上家住宅 - 国の重要文化財、廻船業を営んだ豪商の旧邸、庭園は「三上氏庭園」として府指定名勝
- Former Mikamis' House (Important Cultural Property in Japan, a family of wealthy merchant making a living from cargo ship, and its garden 'Mikami Garden' being designated as a scenic site by the government)
- 稲葉正発(まさはる)<従五位下。対馬守>【文化12年4月25日藩主就任-文政6年6月21日死去】
- Masaharu INABA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on April 25, 1815 - died on June 21, 1823'
- 一方京阪から遠い北部(彦根市・米原市・長浜市など)は京阪だけでなく北陸とも文化的に共通点を持つ。
- On the other hand, the northern part (including Hikone, Maibara and Nagahama Cities), which is distant from Kyoto or Osaka, has a lot in common culturally not only with Kyoto and Osaka but also with the Hokuriku region.
- 日本人が寿司文化を世界に広めたために、今度は寿司ネタが世界市場で高騰すると言う現象が起きている。
- Due to spread of sushi culture worldwide by Japanese people, another phenomenon that prices of ingredients for sushi rise suddenly occurs.
- 建造物以外の有形の文化財については、生活様式の急激な変化等に伴い残存することが困難な状態にある。
- Tangible cultural properties other than architecture are in a difficult situation to survive because of abrupt changes in lifestyle, etc.
- 鎌倉時代に入ると、政権を奪われた貴族たちは伝統文化を心のより所にしたため、和歌は盛んに詠まれた。
- In the Kamakura period, court nobles who had been deprived of their power came to depend on the traditional culture, so they composed waka energetically.
- 結果として、縄文時代の文化形式は歴史的にも地域的にも一様ではなく、多様な形式を持つものとなった。
- As a result, the cultural style of the Jomon period is not uniform both historically and regionally and it came to take many different forms.
- これにより多くの国に共通の文化圏、経済圏が形成され、黄河中流域を中心に「中国」概念も拡大された。
- Because of these movements, a common cultural or economic sphere was established in many provinces, and the notion of 'China' became widespread in the area located along the middle reaches of the Yellow River.
- 現在の「文化の日」はこの日であるが、昭和21年(1946年)の日本国憲法公布にちなんで制定された。
- Although this day is called 'Culture Day' at present, it was in fact established to celebrate the promulgation of Constitution of Japan of 1946.
- これらの記念物は、動物個体にかかわる天然記念物を除くと、いずれも土地にかかわる文化財となっている。
- All cultural properties of such monuments, except for natural monuments relating to individual animals, relate to lands.
- 旧米谷家(こめたにけ)住宅(重要文化財) -屋号を「米忠」といい、代々金具商、肥料商を営んでいた。
- Former Kometani Residence (Important Cultural Property): The Kometani family was a fittings and fertilizer merchant for generations, with the trade name of 'Yonetada.'
- 京都府無形文化遺産にも指定されており、当時の和紙すきを行う所は200戸余りもあったといわれていた。
- Tango Washi paper is designated as an intangible cultural heritage of Kyoto Prefecture, and is said that as many as 200 Washi paper manufacturers existed at the time.
- 腰がないといわれる(とりわけ、讃岐うどんと比較して)のは、このような文化的な背景があるためである。
- Noodles in the Kansai region are often criticized for inelasticity (especially, it is conspicuously compared with Sanuki Udon), but they have the above-mentioned cultural background.
- そして平安時代中期、唐の衰頽にともない遣唐使が廃止され、国風文化の確立によって「かな」が誕生した。
- Then during the middle era of the Heian period, the Tang dynasty declined and sending an envoy to Tang Dynasty China ceased, causing Japanese style culture to establish and generating 'kana' characters.
- この制度は、文化財としての建造物を「点」(単体)ではなく「面」(群)で保存しようとするものである。
- This system is designed to preserve cultural property buildings in their 'aspect' (as a group) rather than as 'point' (individual entities).'
- 現在、世界中の多くの人々から「根付」の持つ高い芸術性は、日本独特の精緻的文化として認められている。
- The high aesthetics of 'netsuke' are now accepted by many people around the world as an example of sophisticated and unique Japanese culture.
- また文学に限らず、絵巻(『源氏物語絵巻』)、香道など、他分野の文化にも影響を与えた点も特筆される。
- It should be noted that the work had an influence not only on literature but also on other genres of culture, like emaki (picture scroll) ('The Tale of Genji Emaki'), the incense ceremony and so on.
- 五日市憲法は東京都の有形文化財(古文書)に、深沢家屋敷跡(土蔵などが残る)は史跡に指定されている。
- The Itsukaichi Constitution is recorded as one of the ancient documents of the tangible cultural assets of Tokyo, and the place where the residence of the Fukawaza family used to be located (where the earthen storehouse still remains) is designated as one of the ancient sites.
- 日本も1922年に賠償金の一部を中国に対する東方文化事業に使用することを決定し、中国側に通告した。
- Japan decided to use a part of the reparation in the Eastern Cultural Project in 1922 and reported to the Chinese side.
- 頽廃と奇怪の中に毒のある笑いを加味したその作風は、化政時代の爛熟した町人文化を色濃く反映している。
- With a touch of black humor added to decadence and weirdness, his style clearly reflected the fully-matured merchant class culture during the Kasei era.
- 「岩手県立博物館平成16年度伝統芸能鑑賞会/岩手県文化財愛護協会第57回岩手郷土芸能祭」に詳しい。
- Its details can be found in 'Iwate Prefectural Museum 2004 Traditional Performing Arts Concert/Iwate Prefecture Cultural Property Association the 57th Iwate Local Performing Arts Festival'.
- オスマン支配の時代にギリシアの文化遺産の海外流出はいちじるしく、その防止をはかろうとしたものである。
- Since the drain of Greek cultural properties to foreign countries was significant under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, the law was aimed at stopping the drain.
- ヨーロッパの近代国家のほとんどは、19世紀に文化財や記念物、遺跡保護のための法体系を整備していった。
- Most of the modern European countries established law systems for protection of cultural properties, monuments and ruins in the 19th century.
- 今井まちなみ交流センター「華甍(はないらか)」 (県指定文化財) - 今井町に関する資料を展示する。
- Imai Machinami Exchange Center 'Hanairaka' (prefectural cultural property): Materials on Imai town are exhibited.
- 歴史的にうどん食文化があった(江戸時代中頃より館林藩の名物として将軍家に献上されたとの記録がある)。
- Furthermore, the region has historically enjoyed the eating culture of Udon noodles (its on record that Udon noodles had been presented to the Shogun family as a specialty of Tatebayashi Domain since the middle of the Edo period).
- 評価者に影響されることを考えると、そもそも味で食文化を評価すること自体に意味が無いという意見もある。
- There is an opinion that, considering that the evaluation of taste is affected by the evaluator, it would be meaningless to evaluate food culture based on taste.
- 富士山・富士五湖観光圏;「世界に誇る富士の自然と文化を活かした滞在型・リピートの魅力づくり推進事業」
- Mt. Fuji and the Fuji Five Lakes sightseeing area: 'Promotion program for creating an attractive area for staying and repeated visits by making full use of the nature and culture of world-class Fuji'
- 現在は、タバコの喫煙用としての煙管使用者の絶対数は少ないが、下記の理由などでその文化は存続している。
- The absolute number of kiseru users for smoking is small now, but its culture has been continued for the following reasons:
- この根付の文化が現在の携帯電話などに取り付けられるストラップの伝統にもつながっていると見る説もある。
- Some people say that from this netsuke culture comes the present-day culture of using straps to attach things to mobile phones and other items.
- これは、前代と一線を画すような文化交流の増大を意味し、その裏に政治的統一の進展を見る説が有力である。
- This strongly supports the theory that there was dramatic growth of cultural exchange unheard of in the previous age, behind which advances were made in political unification.
- 生業や文化内容から見た時代区分としても再考の余地があるものの、慣用化した時期区分として定着している。
- Periodization needs to be reconsidered taking into account the people's regular vocation or the content of the cultural development; however, it is commonly used and well-established.
- それゆえ、皇位継承順位が明文化される以前には、皇太子は立太子された当今の子という意味をもつに過ぎない。
- Before the order of succession to the Imperial Throne was stipulated, the crown prince meant the son of the current emperor, who was formally installed as Crown Prince.
- 譲位後に行った大掛かりな和歌の行事である「亭子院歌合」は、国風文化の盛行の流れを後押しするものである。
- There was a big waka (Japanese poetry) ceremony called 'Teiji-in Uta-awase,' which was held after Emperor Uda came to power, thus representing the great influence of the Kokufu Bunka (Japan's original national culture).
- 主家は文化二年(1805)の再建とみられるが、他の建物は、主家より約50年程さかのぼるとみられている。
- The main building is believed to have been rebuilt in 1805, and other buildings are thought to be about 50 years older than the main building.
- 開放的で歌舞練場があり、和歌俳諧等の文芸活動が盛んであるなど、文化レベルの高い花街であることがわかる。
- It was open, and had a Kaburen theater: full of cultural and literary activities such as Japanese poems of tanka and haikai (haiku, renku, and haibun), one will notice that Shimabara was a hanamachi (geisha district) with a sophisticated culture.
- したがって、社会そのものが近代化してしまったことが、妖怪という日本の古典文化の継承に影を落としている。
- Therefore, modernization of the society itself is having a negative effect on the survival of yokai as classical Japanese culture.
- 大型のクジラの鯨肉に比べると地域性の強い食文化であり、特にそれらの地域では重要な地位にあったといえる。
- Dolphin meat-based dishes, compared with those based on large-sized whales, were strongly dependent on the area where they were eaten, and it can be said that they constituted an important position in the dishes in those areas.
- 登録の対象となるものは、原則として近代以降に普及したもので、生活用品、工業製品などの生活文化財である。
- Livelihood cultural properties, such as living wares and industrial commodities, which became popular since modern times, may be candidates for registry.
- その過程で、仮名文字の発達とあいまって和歌は次第に公的な文化として復権し、歌合も行われるようになった。
- In its process, Waka gradually regained its position as an official culture along with the development of Kana characters (the Japanese syllabaries), and Uta awase (poetry match) came to be held.
- 三日月藩札として現存最古のものは、文化14年(1817年)に発行した手書き墨書の銭札(銭匁札)である。
- The oldest existing han bill of Mikazuki Domain was a zenisatsu (zenimonmesatsu) handwritten in ink, which was issued in 1817.
- 文化史上、室町幕府が滅亡した1573年から、豊臣家が滅亡した1615年までを桃山時代とすることが多い。
- In cultural history, the Momoyama period often refers to the time between 1573 when the Muromachi shogunate fell and 1615 when the Toyotomi family was overthrown.
- 銅鏡は、銅鐸とともに弥生時代を特徴づける出土品とされ、分布により銅鏡・銅鐸文化圏などが論じられている。
- Bronze mirror is considered to be an unearthed article characteristic of Yayoi period along with bronze bell, and discussions on the mirror and bronze bell cultural region, and others according to the distribution have been under way.
- 勧修寺にある寝殿(明正殿)と書院(重要文化財)は、明正天皇が生活した御殿を彼女の死後に移築した物である。
- The main house (Meisho den) and the study (an important cultural property) at Kaju-ji Temple where she used to live, were reconstructed in the new location after she died.
- 『増鏡』における後鳥羽院はこうした和歌をはじめとする「宮廷文化の擁護者」としての側面をより強調している。
- The Go-Toba-in shows the aspect of his support for court culture in 'Masukagami.'
- 史跡指定により、小辺路の現状を変更する、または保存に影響を及ぼす行為には文化庁長官の許可が必要となった。
- Since it was designated as a historical site, permission of the chief of the Agency for the Cultural Affairs is required to perform activities that change the current condition of Kohechi or influence its preservation.
- 東アジアの漢字文化圏の諸国では、日本も朝鮮もベトナムも、それぞれ中国伝来の宮廷音楽を「雅楽」としていた。
- The East Asian countries that use Chinese characters, Japan, Korea and Vietnam, each had 'Gagaku' court music imported from China.
- また現在の日本文化として妖怪が、英語圏で紹介されるときの訳は「monster」:怪物とされることも多い。
- When yokai in modern Japanese culture is introduced to English-speaking countries, the translation 'monster' is often used.
- 国際文化会館は井上邸跡地であり、井上邸での天覧歌舞伎から120年目にあたることから催されたものであった。
- The International House of Japan is located at the site where Inoue's residence once stood, and the event commemorated the 120th anniversary of the Kabuki attended by the Meiji Emperor, held at Inoue's residence.
- なお、鯨肉食の文化の無い地域を対象に、捕鯨産業の振興策の一環として鯨肉利用の宣伝が行われたこともあった。
- Aiming at the areas where whale meat had not been eaten, it was attempted to increase use of whale meat as a measure to promote the whaling industry.
- その延長で前屈姿勢で食べることもマナー違反ではない地域も少なくない(→犬食い犬食いと日本以外の食文化)。
- As an extension of it, there are many cultures that eating in a stooped position is not against manners (refer to Inugui, Inugui and food cultures excluding Japan).
- 文化8年(1825年)、幕府は一転して酒株制度を旧来どおり復活させる旨を通達し、無株者の酒造りを禁じた。
- In 1825, the bakufu suddenly changed its policy and announced the restoration of old sakekabu system, thereby banning mukabumono from producing sake.
- 幕政を富子や細川勝元・山名宗全らの有力守護大名に委ねて、自らはもっぱら数奇の道を探求した文化人であった。
- He left his administrative duties of the Shogunate to Tomiko and other influential Shugo-daimyo members, such as Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and Sozen YAMANA, and he became a man of culture who pondered his unhappy way of life.
- 明治22年(1889年)、皇室の家内法として皇室典範(旧皇室典範)が定められ、皇位継承順位が明文化された。
- In 1889, the Imperial House Law (Former Imperial House Law) was established as a household law in the imperial court and the order of succession to the Imperial Throne was specified clearly.
- 以後、伊能らは文化13年(1816年)の第10次測量まで(第9次測量のみ伊能は不参加)日本全土を歩測した。
- Thereafter, INO and his men walked throughout Japan until the tenth survey conducted in 1816 (INO did not participate only in the ninth survey).
- 河合家住宅(重要文化財) - 屋号を「上品寺屋」といい、寛永年間に上品寺村(橿原市上品寺町)から移住した。
- Kawai Residence (Important Cultural Property): The Kawai family bore the trade name 'Jobonjiya' and moved from Jobonji village (Jobonji-cho, Kashihara City) in the Kanei era.
- 2004年には、吉野・大嶺を含む紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道が、国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産に登録された。
- In 2004, sacred sites and pilgrimage routes in the Kii mountain range were registered as a World Heritage site by UNESCO.
- またこのような禁制が発せられればされるほど、酒を飲む庶民や文化人の間では他所酒への人気と需要は高くなった。
- Furthermore, the more this kind of prohibition was issued, the more popularity and demand for yosozake rised among the common people and cultural figures.
- 日本で古くに開発され、文化圏は日本に留まるが、日本国外でも茶の湯は行なわれており、世界中で使用されている。
- Chagama was developed in Japan long ago and its cultural region remains in Japan but it is used throughout the world as Chanoyu (the tea ceremony) is also practiced outside Japan.
- 京指物は平安時代の貴族文化の中で発展し、朝廷や公家が主に用いていたことから優雅かつ精緻な細工を特徴とする。
- Since Kyo-sashimono was developed in the noble culture of the Heian period and its products were mainly used at the Imperial Court and by court nobles, graceful and fine workmanship constitutes a characteristic feature of this.
- 例えば鯛や伊勢海老は現在でも日常的に食卓に上るとは言いがたいが、「食文化の中で重要ではない」とはいえない。
- For example, although sea breams and Ise-ebi (lobsters) are not eaten daily even today, it cannot be said that 'they are not important in food culture.'
- なお一部には打製石器による石包丁も出土しており、必ずしも当時の文化伝播が一様ではなかったこともしのばれる。
- Some of excavated ishi-bocho was chipped stone tools, showing that the culture in those days was not uniformity spread.
- 応仁の乱以後、古典復興の気運が高まり、地方豪族、特に国人領主層に京都文化への関心と連歌の大流行が見られた。
- After the Onin War, there was a growing trend towards a revival of the classics, and powerful local clans, especially local lords and lords of fiefs, were interested in the culture of Kyoto and remarkably enthusiastic about renga.
- 民友社は政府主導の鹿鳴館文化を貴族的欧化であると見なし、平民的欧化主義の立場から政府批判を繰り返していた。
- Minyu-sha saw the Rokumeikan-bunka Culture, led by the government, as an aristocratic Europeanism and continued to criticize the government from the position of the commoners' Europeanism.
- 文化 (元号)10年(1813年)、16歳のとき、2歳年下の皇太子恵仁親王(のちの仁孝天皇)の妃として入内。
- In 1813, she made judai (an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into court) as the empress of the Crown Prince Ayahito (the Imperial Prince Ayahito, later the Emperor Ninko), who was two years younger than she, at the age of 16.
- 関西文化学術研究都市の中心であり、国立国会図書館関西館、私のしごと館、国際電気通信基礎技術研究所などがある。
- The town is the center of the Kansai Science City, boasting the Kansai-kan of the National Diet Library, the Vocational Museum, and the Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International.
- 山尾家(県指定文化財)-山尾家は、十市郡新堂村より移住したので「新堂屋」の屋号で、幕末には、町年寄を務めた。
- Yamao Residence (prefectural cultural property): The Yamao family moved from Shindo village, Toichi County, thus bearing the trade name 'Shindoya,' and served as machi-doshiyori (ward head) in the end of the Edo period.
- さらに正保3年(1646年)付の『里程大和著聞記』和歌山県文化財研究会1982a 19→2005a 441。
- In addition, there remains 'Ritei Yamato Chomonki' dated 1646, re-compiled by Wakayama Prefecture Bunkazai Kenkyukai (Society for the Study of Cultural Properties) (refer to 1982a 19 to 2005a 441).
- 要するに本書には、「わび茶」と「書院の茶」という二種類の別個に自立性を持った喫茶文化が並存しているのである。
- In sum, two different, individual tea-drinking cultures coexist together in this book: 'wabicha' and 'tea ceremony in Shoin (traditional style of Japanese residential architecture).'
- これが日本文化として定着し、現在でも、入学式・卒業式などで、袴を正装の一部として好んで着用する女学生がいる。
- This style took hold in Japanese culture, and the style is still popular among female students as a formal dress to attend entrance and graduation ceremonies.
- 検証の結果、これが持統天皇3年(689年)三月・四月のものであることが分かったと奈良文化財研究所が発表した。
- Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties announced that inspection showed that it was a calendar of March and April of the year 689.
- この時代は日本の文化全体が中国の強い影響を次第に脱して和風化が進んだ時代であり、仏画にもその傾向が見られる。
- That was the time when the culture in Japan as a whole gradually got away from the strong influence from China and Japanization made progress and this trend is seen in Buddhist paintings from this period.
- 文化6年(1809年)発行の第8編末の広告に、「版木が減ったので、初編を再板」する旨が、すでに記されている。
- In an advertisement at the end of volume eight published in 1809, the intention of 're-engraving the first volume because printing blocks have worn down' was already noted.
- 中華人民共和国では文化大革命によって道教は壊滅的な打撃を受けたが、民衆の間では未だにその慣習が息づいている。
- Although Taoism was seriously degraded during China's Cultural Revolution, its traditions are still alive among the general public.
- また、旧石器時代の時期区分や文化の発展段階を検討するうえで、尖頭器や細石器と並んで重要な役割を果たしている。
- In addition, stone tools resembling a knife play a key part to examine the time division and the cultural development stages of the Paleolithic period, along with points and microliths.
- ここまで取り上げた『万国公法』はいずれも漢字文化圏に伝播したものであるが、モンゴルにももたらされ翻訳された。
- A series of 'Bankoku Koho' we have seen above spread in a cultural sphere, in which Chinese characters were used; however, 'Bankoku Koho' was introduced to Mongolia and translated there.
- 「文化記念物(独:Kulturdenkmal)」と「自然記念物(独:Naturdenkmal)」に分類される。
- Monuments are categorized into 'Cultural Monuments (Kulturdenkmal)' and 'Natural Monuments (Naturdenkmal).'
- 現代の鎌倉は、多くの史跡・文化財と良好な自然環境を残した国際観光都市として栄え、多くの観光客を惹き付けている。
- Today's Kamakura has flourished as a city for international tourism that has many historic sites and cultural assets with pleasant natural environments, attracting many tourists.
- 国風文化の発達により、着物の構造自体が大きく変わって袖丈が長くなったために、重要な役割を果たす着物となる。
- As Japanese culture developed, the design of kimono changed greatly, with the sleeves becoming longer and uchiki came to serve an important role.
- 江戸時代にも存在していて、隠居した武士、肉体労働を伴わない医者や神職、僧侶、文化人、商人の間で用いられていた。
- Ecchu fundoshi existed in the Edo period, and they were used by retired samurai (warriors), as well as people who were not engaged in physical labor, such as medical doctors, Shinto priests, Buddhist monks, men of culture and merchants.
- 多様な鯨種と食味や鯨肉の名称にあわせて様々な嗜好や調理法も生まれ、国や地域によって様々な食文化を形成してきた。
- Various taste preferences, consequently the cooking methods for them, have been developed in combination with the meat tastes of various types of whales and of body portions of whales, having formed various food cultures depending on the nation or area.
- 2004年(平成16年)の文化財保護法改正により、従来の風俗慣習、民俗芸能のほか、新たに民俗技術が加えられた。
- With the revision of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 2004, folk techniques were included, in addition to existing manners and customs and folk performing arts.
- なお、この文化期の終わり頃の1.5年前かやや遡る頃になると、関東・中部地方を中心に槍先形尖頭器の石槍が現れた。
- At the end of this cultural period (1.5 year ago or before), stone spear points appeared around Kanto and Chubu region.
- 日本では、敬意を示すものについてはっきりした言い方を持たない文化があり、当代の天皇の呼称もあまり発達しなかった。
- In Japanese culture, there is no specific name to indicate the persons to be treated with respect and thus the name for the present emperor has not been developed well.
- 各個認定を受けた重要無形文化財保持者を、日本国政府も人間国宝と呼んでいるが、これは法律で規定された用語ではない。
- Although a person individually recognized as a holder of an important intangible cultural property is called Living National Treasure commonly and by Japan's national government, this term is not specified by laws.
- 日本列島への渡来時期や製法、文化を考えると、同じく米を原料としている日本酒の原形とはなり得ないと考えられている。
- In view of the time of importation into Japan, method of production and culture, it is thought that kuchikami-sake couldn't be the origin of Japanese sake, though both use rice as ingredient.
- 久多には花笠踊をはじめとする様々な伝統行事が残っており、国や京都市に文化財として指定・登録されているものも多い。
- In the Kuta area, many traditional events, such as Hanagasa-odori Dance (flower-hat dance), remain, and many of them are designated and registered as cultural assets by the nation or Kyoto City.
- 長く続いた平和によって経済が発達し、町人文化が興るなかで武術は余暇の楽しみとして都市部や農村地帯で広く行われた。
- As the peace which lasted for a long time developed the economy and produced the townsmen culture, bujutsu was practiced for pleasure in the spare time widely in both the urban and the rural agricultural areas.
- 正式名称は記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の文化財(きろくさくせいとうの そちをこうずべき むけいのぶんかざい)。
- The formal name is Intangible cultural properties requiring special measures such as the creation of records.
- 古墳文化の広がりは宗教儀礼の広がりでもあり、これとヤマト王権が結びつくとの意見もあるが根拠は明確にされていない。
- Some people say that the spread of the tumulus culture shows the spread of religious rituals, associating it with the Yamato kingship, that was not well-grounded.
- また先に示した土器編年による区分の他、縄文時代を文化形式の側面から見て幾つかの時期に分類する方法も存在している。
- In addition to periodization based on the sequence of Jomon earthenware, another method of periodization uses different aspects of the Jomon culture to divide the Jomon period into several periods.
- 明治4年(1871年)には特命全権大使として、木戸孝允らを率いて岩倉使節団を組織し、欧米の文化・制度を視察した。
- In 1871, he established the Iwakura shisetsudan (Iwakura Mission) as a Tokumei-zenken-taishi (extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador) together with Takayoshi KIDO and others, and studied foreign cultures and systems.
- 明治時代に入ってからは文化事業にも関わり、十五代目吉左衛門住友友純(ともいと)は大阪府立中之島図書館の建物を寄贈。
- During the Meiji era the Sumitomo family was engaged in cultural enterprises, and the fifteenth-generation kichizaemon Tomoito SUMITOMO donated the building that would become the Osaka Prefectural Nakanoshima Library.
- 2001年1月 中央省庁再編により、「関西文化学術研究都市建設推進室」が国土庁の所属から国土交通省の所属に変わる。
- January, 2001: Corresponding to the reorganization of the ministries and agencies of the central governments, the affiliation of 'the office for promoting the construction of Kansai Science City' changed from National Land Agency to Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.
- 大阪府、京都府、奈良県にまたがる京阪奈丘陵に位置し、新産業・新文化などの発信の拠点・中心となることを目指している。
- Located on the Keihanna hill across the borders of Osaka Prefecture, Kyoto Prefecture and Nara Prefecture, the city aims at becoming the center of new industries and culture.
- いずれも、半島より渡来した要素と縄文文化より受け継いだ要素からなり、地域によって墓地の構成に様々な特色が見られる。
- All were formed with elements passed down from the Jomon culture and elements brought from the Korean Peninsula, and there were various characteristics of grave components in each region.
- この居留地を中心として横浜、神戸の新しい市街地が形成され、浜っ子、神戸っ子のハイカラ文化が生み出されることになる。
- New urban areas in Yokohama and Kobe sprang up around the settlements, and with that, high-collar western culture was born for the inhabitants of Yokohama and Kobe.
- 平安時代、国風文化の時代になると建築様式も日本化し、柱を細く、天井を低めにした穏やかな空間が好まれるようになった。
- During the aristocratic era of the Heian period, architectural style came to possess typically Japanese features, where rooms creating a serene atmosphere with thinner pillars and lower ceilings were preferred.
- 縄文早期には定住集落が登場した他、本格的な漁業の開始、関東における外洋航行の開始など新たな文化要素が付け加わった。
- The sedentary settlements appeared in the earlier Jomon period; in addition, several new cultural elements such as the start of the full-fledged fishery and of traveling on the outer sea in the Kanto region were added.
- その後、前方後円墳のさきがけと位置付けられる円墳、出雲文化圏特有の四隅突出型墳から変化した大型方墳が代表的である。
- Later in this early 'Kofun' period, a circular tumulus appeared and was positioned as a precursor to the keyhole-shaped mound; then another 'Kofun' development was of a large square tumulus, and this appeared only in the distinctively cultural sphere of Izumo Province; also, this large square tumulus seemed to be developed from yosumi tosshutsugata funkyubo (square mounds whose four corners protruded outward).
- また、藤原定家の歌道を受け継ぐ二条流の歌道伝承者三条西実枝から古今伝授を受け近世歌学を大成させた文化人でもあった。
- He was a man of great learning who was given the transmission of the secret traditions of the Kokinshu, known as Kokin Denju, from Saneki SANJONISHI, the Nijo school successor and instructor who followed Teika FUJIWARA's poetic style, and he also brought to a peak the poetic criticism of the early modern period.
- 貞綱は亡母の13回忌に全国的にも珍しい巨大清巌寺鉄塔婆を奉納した(宇都宮市清巌寺蔵:国の重要文化財)と言われている。
- It is said that Sadatsuna presented the Seigan-ji Temple a big nationally-rare iron sotoba (a tall, narrow tablet set up behind a grave for the repose of the dead) (possessed by the Segan-ji Temple in Utsunomiya City and designated as national important cultural property) to commemorate the 13th anniversary of his mother's death.
- 通称「立場の太平次」(たてばの たへいじ)、文化 (元号)7年5月5日(1810年6月6日)江戸市村座初演、全七幕。
- It is commonly called 'Tateba no Taheiji' (Taheiji of rest station), first performed at Ichimura-za Theater in Edo on June 6, 1810, and consists of seven acts.
- また、文化工芸の中心地として人口が50万人を越え、政治の中心地の江戸や、経済の中心地の大坂に次ぐ都市として繁栄した。
- As a center of culture and the industrial arts, Kyoto had a population exceeding 500,000 and flourished as a city that ranked behind only the political center of Edo and the financial center of Osaka.
- またマルチメディア関連の活動にも積極的で、文化庁のCD-ROM、経済産業省のDVD-ROMコンテンツ制作に携わった。
- He was also active in multimedia related work, and was involved in producing the contents of CD-ROMs for the Agency for Cultural Affairs and DVDs for the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
- この時代の印刷・出版技術の発展とともに、出版文化が発達していき、黄表紙などによって盛んに題材として妖怪が用いられた。
- With the development of printing and publishing technology during this period, yokai was frequently used as a theme of picture books.
- 内容がたとえ土器片一点であっても、指定されることなしに法的に文化財として認定する制度があることに特徴があるといえる。
- It would say that the characteristic lies in its system to legally recognize even an earthenware fragment as a cultural property without being designated as the historic site.
- 1950年(昭和25年)の文化財保護法施行の時点において、認定の効力を保っていた重要美術品は約8,200件であった。
- There were about 8,200 items remaining valid as an accredited important art object when the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties was enforced in 1950.
- 戦後は別の個人の所有となり、長らく重要美術品のままであったが、1992年に重要文化財、1994年に国宝に指定された。
- It passed into another person's possession after World War II and had been an important art object for a long time, but was designated as an important cultural property in 1992 and then as a national treasure in 1994.
- 石器としてはそう珍しいものでもなく、日本国内でも米作を含む農耕文化の発達で定住化が進んだ遺構の多くから出土している。
- Ishi-bocho was not unusual as stone tool, and it is excavated in many of the ancient structural remnants where people resided permanently with the advance of agricultural culture in Japan.
- 鉱物、工芸品を輸出し、教養品・嗜好品に代表される「唐物」を輸入したことによって日本の経済・文化に大きな影響を与えた。
- Exporting minerals and handicrafts and importing 'karamono' (Chinese goods) represented by cultured and luxury goods had great impacts on the Japanese economy and culture.
- 1810年~1830年ごろ(文化、文政年間)の最盛期には、月ヶ瀬梅林には10万本近くの梅の木が栽培されていたとされる。
- At its peak around 1810 to 1830 (Bunka and Bunsei eras), it is believed that nearly 100,000 plum trees were grown in Tsukigase Bairin.
- 関西文化学術研究都市(学研都市)の一部であり、研究施設が建ち並ぶ地区もあるが、古い街並みと豊かな自然の残る地区が多い。
- The former Kizu-cho area constitutes a part of Kansai Science City (Gakken Toshi), so it has a district where research facilities stand side by side, but it also has many districts where rows of old houses and rich nature are still left intact.
- 1963年(昭和38年)には史上最年少(46歳)で日本芸術院会員、1968年、重要無形文化財(人間国宝)に認定された。
- He was certified as the youngest (forty-six years old) member of the Japan Art Academy in 1963 and an Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1968.
- 中国の影響を強く受けて文化や行政の諸制度が発達した古代の日本においても、律令制の移入とともに官印の制度が行われていた。
- In ancient Japan where the culture and administrations were developed under the strong influence of China, the kanin system was installed at the same time as the importation of the ritsuryo system.
- この功績から、文化 (元号)3年(1806年)には3,000石を加増され、1万3,000石の所領を領することとなった。
- Masaatsu was granted additional properties bearing 3,000 koku in 1806 by such great achievements, and came to possess shoryo (territory) bearing 13,000 koku.
- 縄文時代の文化史的区分については研究者によって幾つかの方法があり、現在のところ学界に定説が確立されているわけではない。
- Scholars have different methods to determine how the Jomon period fits into cultural history and so far there is no established theory by academic circles.
- そこで、中国の制度文化の導入に熱心だった天智天皇が、流血事を避けるために直系相続を導入しようと構想したのだろうと考える。
- Then, it is supposed that Emperor Tenchi, who were anxious to introduce the Chinese culture, might have conceptualized to introduce the practice of direct line succession in order to avoid bloodshed.
- 2004年に「紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道」としてユネスコの世界遺産(文化遺産)として登録されたが、紀伊路は登録されていない。
- In 2004, Kumanokodo Road was registered as a world heritage site (cultural heritage) of UNESCO, as `Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range,' but Kiiji route is not registered.
- 2003年(平成15年)より京都精華大学と協同で、舞鶴自然文化園の活用による地域づくりなど様々な分野で連携を深めている。
- Since 2003, the municipality has proceeded to strengthen its cooperation with the Kyoto Seika University in many fields, such as regional development, utilizing the Maizuru Natural and Cultural Gardens, etc.
- 歌舞伎のなかの舞踊曲や、清元などを起源として、文化・文政(1803 - 1830)のころから盛んになったといわれている。
- They allegedly originated from dance music performed within a kabuki play, Kiyomoto (kiyomotobushi; a school of joruri recitation in which the voices are pitched slightly higher than usual) and the like, and gained popularity from the Bunka-Bunsei period (1803-1830).
- しかし、明治維新以降の文化政策の改変のなかで、1877年の寄席取締規則によって女性の芸人が法的にも認められるようになる。
- However, in and after the movements to change cultural policies in the Meiji Restoration, females became able to work as entertainers legally, based on the regulation for controlling yose (rakugo theatres) established in 1877.
- 正月(しょうがつ)とは、各暦の年の始めの数日間のことで、文化的には昨年が無事に終わったことと、新しい年を祝う行事である。
- Shogatsu refers to the first several days of a calendar year and, from a cultural viewpoint, an event to celebrate passing of the previous year, which was uneventful, and the new year.
- このため、米などの稲系のもので作った餅が簡便で作りやすく加工しやすいことと相俟って、多様なつき餅の食文化を形成している。
- Therefore, because mochi made from a paddy-based material such as rice is convenient and is easy to make and process in addition to the above reason, various tsuki-mochi cultures are formed.
- この石器群が、主に生産活動に使用された時期を「ナイフ形石器文化期」とも呼ばれ、3万年前頃から1.4万年前頃まで存続する。
- The period when these stone tools were mainly used for production activities is called 'cultural period of stone tools resembling a knife,' which lasted from 30,000 to 14,000 years ago.
- 従って、漢字文化圏の国家においては、最高位の君主の称号が皇帝あるいはそれと同等なものである場合、皇后も存在することになる。
- Therefore, in nations that use Chinese characters, if the title for the highest ranking monarch's is emperor or something of equivalence, empress was present.
- 刑部家が熊本郊外の子飼に設けた下屋敷(旧細川刑部邸)は県の重要文化財に指定され、現在は熊本城三の丸に移築・公開されている。
- The Gyobu family's suburban residence built in Kokai, the suburb of Kumamoto, was designated as the prefectural important cultural property, and presently it has been reconstructed and open to the public at Sannomaru (outer part of the castle) of Kumamoto-jo Castle.
- これは直接和算の伝統を受け継いだものではないことが多いが、いずれにしても日本人の数学好きをあらわす文化事象として興味深い。
- Although most of these sangaku are not based on the traditional Japanese wasan, this cultural trend itself is interesting anyway in that it shows Japanese people's liking for mathematics.
- 録音や活動写真そして印刷技術などの発達による新しいメディアの出現もあり、文化・情報の伝播がいっそう促進された時代でもある。
- The propagation of culture and information was further promoted in this period, which was partially due to the introduction of new media along with the development of technologies in the fields of audio recording, moving-pictures and printing.
- 2007年7月には当主野村万作が重要無形文化財個人指定(人間国宝)に認定され、現在狂言界で最も隆盛を極めている一派である。
- In July, 2007, the family head Mansaku NOMURA was designated the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure), making this group the most prosperous in the current world of Kyogen.
- 久米三十六姓の人々は、琉球国王の命令を受けて、中国本土(主に福建)に渡って留学し、中国語や、音楽などの中国文化を学習した。
- Individuals included as part of the Thirty Six Families of Kume took orders from the Ryukyu monarchy, studied Chinese culture,including language and music, in mainland China, principally Fujian Province.
- また、この指定により文化財の保存、記録の作成、伝承者の育成に対して、公費でその経費の一部を負担することができるとしている。
- It also stipulates that if something is designated as an important intangible cultural property, it can receive public funds that can be used for part of the cost of preservation, keeping records and cultivating successors.
- 日本髪文化は歌舞伎、時代劇、花柳界、結婚産業以外では殆ど衰退したが現在では正月等の晴れ着の場合に新日本髪を結う場合が多い。
- Although the Japanese coiffure culture almost perished except in kabuki (the traditional drama performed by male actors), period dramas, karyukai (the world of geisha), and the wedding industry, people today usually dress the new Japanese coiffure when wearing haregi (festive dress) in New Year's day and other occasions.
- 特色として庶民的な面が濃く現れているが、必ずしも町人の出身ばかりでなく、元禄文化の担い手として武士階級出身の者も多かった。
- As its characteristic, it was rather a culture of ordinary people, however, besides townsmen, samurai or worriers class also led Genroku culture.
- 当時大阪では見向きもされなかった「鱧(ハモ)」が唯一「活魚」として運ぶ事が出来たので京都に鱧料理文化が花開いたといわれる。
- It is said that sea eel-based dishes flourished in Kyoto, because the sea eel, completely neglected in Osaka at that time, was only fish that could be brought alive to Kyoto.
- また日本の食文化における食器体系では水気の多い料理に匙(または散蓮華)を使わないことから、この食べ方ではこぼしやすくなる。
- And also, in Japanese food culture, eating utensils such as spoon (or chirirenge [ceramic spoon]) are not used when they eat food with a high water content, therefore, this eating style causes them to drop food more often.
- ただ朝鮮側としては、それまでの日本との交隣関係を明文化したとの捉え方で、華夷秩序から条約体制に乗り換えたつもりはなかった。
- However, Korean side considered that they just made the relationship with Japan clear as a written form but did not intend to withdraw from Kaichitsujo and join in treaty system.
- 文化15年(1818年)には引請人を掛屋の茂右衛門と丈左衛門とし、城下の立町に引替所を置いて藩札の取り扱い業務を行わせた。
- In 1818, han bills were guaranteed by Moemon and Jozaemon, the kakeya (a financial agent of the warehouse), and were also managed by a currency exchanger placed in Tate-machi near the castle.
- 蛮書和解御用(蕃書和解御用、ばんしょわげごよう)は、1811年(文化 (元号)8年)に江戸幕府によって設置された翻訳機関。
- Bansho-wage Goyo (Government Office for Translation of Barbarian Books) was a translation organization established by the Edo Bakufu in 1811.
- ここで文化財と考えられるのは無形の「わざ(技術)」そのものであり、その「わざ」をもつ人や団体を「保持者」として認定している。
- The cultural properties here are deemed as intangible 'techniques' themselves, and the people or organizations that have such 'techniques' are certified as 'holders.'
- 近代に入ってからの鎌倉には鎌倉文士と呼ばれる作家、美術家などの文化人が住み、また数多くのドラマや小説などの舞台になってきた。
- In recent times, Kamakura has become a place where cultured people such as writers and artists have lived and provided the setting for many dramas and novels.
- 1983年3月 3府県知事、関西経済連合会会長、学識経験者などを代表委員とする「関西文化学術研究都市建設推進協議会」が発足。
- March, 1983: 'Kansai Science City Construction Promotion Conference' was inaugurated, with the governors of the three prefectures, chairman of Kansai Economic Federation and some academic experts.
- 2007年4月現在、総人口は約23万人(計画人口は41万人)、文化学術研究地区の人口は約8万人(計画人口は21万人)である。
- As of April of 2007, the population of the city is approx. 230,000 (compared with 410,000 that was planned), and that of the cultural and academic research zones is approx. 80,000 (compared with 210,000 that was planned).
- 2003年度にNHK放送文化研究所が行った調査では天かすと呼ぶ人が68%、揚げ玉が29%、揚げかすが16%という分布だった。
- In 2003, according to a survey by The NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, 68% of those asked called that deep-fried dough bit 'tenkasu' and 16% called it 'age-dama'.
- 幼くして正宗寺に入って修行、同寺は佐竹氏の菩提寺であり、絵画をはじめとした多くの文化財があり、雪村の絵に大きな影響を与えた。
- At a young age he entered Shoju-ji Temple for training; the temple was an ancestral temple of the Satake clan and held many cultural properties such as paintings, which greatly influenced Sesson's paintings.
- こうして洋食そのものが家庭の味として定着し、いまや多くの人にとって和食と同様に日本の食文化として位置づけられるに至っている。
- Yoshoku has become popular in Japanese households and has been considered to be a part of Japanese food culture as well as Japanese food.
- かぶき者の文化は慶長期にその最盛期をみるも、同時にその頃から幕府や諸藩の取り締まりが厳しくなっていき、やがて姿を消していく。
- Although the kabuki-mono culture was at its peak in the Keicho era, the Edo bakufu and each domain strengthened their crackdowns at the same time, and then Kabuki-mono finally disappeared.
- 明治になり、西洋文化の影響で牛肉食が始まり松阪牛の普及に伊勢商人が貢献したように近江商人の活躍があったためともいわれている。
- During the Meiji Period, people started to eat beef under the influence of the western culture and Omi shonin (Omi merchants) reportedly contributed to the spread of beef consumption as Ise shonin (Ise merchants) did to the spread of Matsuzaka beef.
- この中では根付のような関係する工芸文化も存在し、この根付は明治時代の交易に関連して海を越え、イギリスにまで愛好者を増やした。
- There was related craft culture such as netsuke (miniature carving attached to the end of a cord hanging from a pouch), and the netsuke attracted more fans in the UK after the introduction to overseas in connection with trading in the Meiji period.
- 同年より平安博物館(現京都文化博物館)によって冷泉家所蔵本の整理・目録作成が始められ、徐々にその全体像が明らかにされてきた。
- It was starting in the same year that the Heian Museum of Ancient History (today called the Museum of Kyoto) began putting in order and cataloging the collection of books belonging to the Reizei family, and little by little it became obvious just how extensive the collection was.
- これらは、南北朝合一の約束であった両統迭立を死文化し、持明院統による皇位継承を既成事実化するための将軍足利義満の意向であった。
- This was planned by Shogun, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA who tried to cancel the mutual agreement of Ryoto tetsuritsu between the Southern and the Northern Courts, and to make the Imperial succession of the Jimyoin Imperial line become an existing fact.
- 地理的には由良川流域であり、普段から交流も多い地域であるが、文化圏としては方言など多少の差異もあり、必ずしも単一とはいえない。
- Due to its geographical location in the catchment area of Yura-gawa River, people in Chutan actively contact each other on a routine basis, but their cultures are different because of varied dialects.
- - 本堂、開山堂、多宝塔、仁王門、鐘楼、経蔵、庫裏、書院、大玄関、唐門、宝蔵、石橋、棟札十三枚(以上全て京都府指定有形文化財)
- Hondo (main hall), kaisan-do hall (temple where the statue of founder priest is placed), tahoto pagoda ('multi-treasure' pagoda), nio-mon gate (Deva temple date), bell tower, kyozo (sutra repository), kuri (the priest's living quarters or the kitchen of a temple), study, grand entrance, kara-mon gate (Chinese-style gate), hozo (treasure storehouse), stone bridge, muna-fuda jusan-mai (thirteen wooden tags commemorating the foundation of the temple) (all of the foregoing are tangible cultural properties in Kyoto Prefecture)
- しかし、それによって生まれた文化もあり、たぬき (麺類)(油揚げの乗ったそば)やとろろ昆布が乗ったこぶそばは大阪が発祥である。
- Osaka, however, developed its own soba culture, with Tanuki (noodles) (soba in hot soup with cooked fried tofu on top) and Kobu soba with kelp shavings on top originating in that city.
- ヨーロッパや北アメリカ、ラテンアメリカ、アフリカ、オセアニアなど、あらゆる地域でカレー文化が根付いていることが確認されている。
- It is confirmed that curry culture is rooted in every corner of the world, such as Europe, North America, Latin America, Africa and Oceania.
- 第二次世界大戦以前の日本には1890年制定の帝室技芸員制度はあったものの、近代的な無形文化財の保護・指定制度は存在しなかった。
- Before World War Ⅱ, although the System of Imperial Arts and Crafts Experts established in 1890 existed, there was no modern system that protected and designated intangible cultural properties.
- これらは、文化財として一定の価値は認められるものの評価が定着しておらず、直ちに従来の指定制度による指定を行うことは困難である。
- Although they are valued in a certain way, it is difficult to be designated by the conventional designation system at once since their evaluation is not established.
- また、漫画などで流布された、流行廃りの風説の類であり、民俗学や文化人類学などの、学問の机上にものらない、いい加減な言葉である。
- They are also often outlandish words not used in the study of the fields of folklore and cultural anthropology, spread through cartoons or hearsay, and subject to the whims of fashion.
- また、芸人は文化の伝承を無視する傾向が強く「平気で三本締めをやる東京本社の吉本興業など無知な会社に所属する」などと批判される。
- There is a criticism such as, 'Yoshimoto Kogyo Co., Ltd. that has its head office in Tokyo belongs to a group of ignorant companies' because entertainers have a strong tendency to ignore cultural traditions.
- 前近代における東アジア国際社会は、政治的・経済的・文化的に大きな存在感を放つ中国王朝を中心とする形で国際秩序が成り立っていた。
- In the international society in East Asia in pre-modern times, international order was formed and maintained having China dynasty, which had significant presence politically, economically and culturally, in its center.
- 天橋立物語 その文化と歴史と保全 - 岩垣雄一 著 (2007年7月、技報堂出版) ISBN 978-4-7655-1721-8
- The Story of Amanohashidate: Its Culture, History, and Preservation - Yuichi IWAGAKI (July 2007, Gihodo Shuppan) ISBN 978-4-7655-1721-8
- また、京の文化人にとっては和子の押絵を拝領されることは一種のステータスであり、現在千家では和子作の押絵を多数所蔵しているという。
- It was a kind of fashion to have Kazuko's pictures for highly-educated people in Kyoto, the present day Sen Family has many pictures done by Kazuko.
- 伊能は正式に幕府天文方の役人として雇用され、翌文化2年(1805年)の第5次測量からは、幕府直轄事業として行われることとなった。
- INO was officially employed as an officer of Tenmonkata of the Edo Bakufu and his surveys were conducted as operations under direct control of the Bakufu from the fifth survey (in 1805).
- 国土交通省は学研都市の建設の理念を「産・官・学の連携の強化と、文化・学術・研究の国際的・学際的・業際的な交流の推進」としている。
- Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism define construction of the Science City as 'strengthening cooperation among industries, government offices and academic institutes while promoting international, interdisciplinary and inter-industrial exchange of culture, science and research.'
- しかし時代が進み第二次世界大戦が終わり日本が高度経済成長を向かえると、上記の養蚕業や藍染めなどの文化はほぼ完全に衰退していった。
- However, as time went by, World War II ended, and Japan entered an age of economic growth, the aforementioned sericulture and other cultures such as indigo dyeing vanished almost completely.
- 一部では関西文化学術研究都市などの日本のニュータウンが開発され、京都市都心や大阪市都心へのベッドタウンとして人口が急増している。
- New towns in Japan, such as Kansai Science City, have been developed in parts of the area, where people live and commute to the central areas of Kyoto City and Osaka City, causing an increase in the population.
- キリシタン版はキリシタン追放と共におわり、同時代に持ち込まれた李朝の銅活字が古活字版の起源となりその後の整版文化の祖にもなった。
- Kirishitan-ban ended along with the expulsion of Christians, and the copper type of Yi Dynasty brought in the same period became an origin of the old edition and also an origin of the subsequent woodcut printing culture.
- 弥生時代の出土品に、鞘らしきものの痕跡をとどめる青銅剣があることから、既に何らかの刀剣外装の文化があったと思われるが詳細は不明。
- From the bronze swords with remnants of what appear to be scabbards excavated in the Yayoi section, there seems to have been some kind of sword mounting culture in the Yayoi period, but details are unknown.
- しかし文化 (日本)14年(1817年)に信明が死去し、牧野忠精ら他の老中らも老齢などの理由のために幕政から遠ざかることとなる。
- However, Saneakira died in 1817, and other roju such as Tadakiyo MAKINO left bakufu for the reason of old age.
- 天明8年(1788年)の京都の大火による焼失後、寛政2年(1790年)に再建されたのが、現存する冷泉家住宅(重要文化財)である。
- The Reizei family residence (an Important Cultural Property) that survives today was rebuilt in1790, two years after being destroyed by the Great Tenmei Fire of Kyoto (which occurred in 1788).
- 幕府は1791年には寛政令、1806年には文化令がそれぞれ出され、来航した外国船に対して必要な物資を提供する政策が行われていた。
- The bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) issued various edicts in 1791 (Kanseirei) and 1806 (Bunkarei) which instituted a policy of providing necessities to foreign ships.
- 華夷秩序では、自国と周辺諸国を文化面では「華/夷」という等級で順序付けし、政治面では君臣関係(宗主国―藩属国)として捉えている。
- In kaichitsujo, own country and neighboring countries were ordered and positioned from cultural point of view 'ka' and 'i,' and, from political point of view, understood as the relations between lord and vassal (suzerain state - subject state).
- そして、天津条約を締結し、その条文内で中国とイギリスをともに「自主の邦」として並列的に位置づけることを明文化することに成功した。
- After the war, the Treaty of Tianjin was concluded and its provision clearly stated that both China and Britain should be positioned as 'equally independent nations.'
- このため、足利将軍家の家督継承問題が起るが、当の義政はどちらにも将軍職を譲らず、文化的な趣味に興じるなど優柔不断な態度を続けた。
- Consequently, the issue of ASHIKAGA shogun family's heir arose, but Yoshimasa was not willing to relinquish his position as the Shogun to either party, and he continued to show an irresolute behavior by immersing himself in his cultural interests.
- 本図は、寛政12年(1800年)から文化 (元号)13年(1816年)にかけて江戸幕府の事業として測量・作製が行われたものである。
- This map was drawn based on the survey conducted from 1800 to 1816 as a part of operations of the Edo Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 京阪に近い南部(大津市・草津市・甲賀市など)は文化的に京阪の影響を強く受け、現在は通勤圏として「滋賀府民」の多い地域となっている。
- The southern part (including Otsu, Kusatsu, and Koga Cities), which is close to Kyoto and Osaka, has been culturally influenced by Kyoto and Osaka, and since a lot of people commute to Kyoto and Osaka from this part, they are called 'Shiga Fumin' (those living in Shiga but spend most of their time in Kyoto or Osaka).
- 南北朝時代 には鞆の浦沖から鞆にかけての地域で北朝と南朝との合戦(鞆合戦)が幾度もあり、静観寺五重塔などの貴重な文化財が失われた。
- During the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, many battles (Tomo kassen) were fought between the Northern Court and the Southern Court in an area covering the sea off Tomonoura and the town of Tomo, thereby destroying invaluable cultural properties such as a five-storey pagoda of Seikan-ji Temple.
- 中尾佐助著『栽培植物と農耕の起源』(1966年)では「ラオスの山地民やボルネオ島の焼畑民族」の焼畑農耕文化複合の一つとされている。
- 'Cultivated Plants and the Origin of Agriculture' (1966) written by Sasuke NAKAO described that this method was one of cultural complexes of swidden cultivation of 'hill folks in Laos and tribe doing swidden agriculture in Borneo Island.'
- 有形の民俗文化財であって、その目的、内容等が歴史的変遷、時代的特色、地域的特色、技術的特色、生活様式の特色又は職能の様相を示すもの
- A tangible folk cultural property whose purpose, details, etc. indicate the historical transition, the historical characteristic, the regional characteristic, the technical characteristic, the lifestyle characteristic or the vocational aspect.
- しかしながら、かな (書道)は明治時代中期に伝来の文化遺産の復古が叫ばれ、多田親愛・大口周魚・小野鵞堂を中心に上代様が復興された。
- However, concerning the calligraphic style of writing kana characters, Shinai TADA, Shugyo OGUCHI, and Gado ONO restored the ancient style, based on the movement of restoring traditional cultural heritage during the middle era of the Meiji period.
- 伎楽は「呉楽(くれがく)」「伎楽儛(くれのうたまい)」ともいわれるように、中国南部の仏教文化圏であった呉国に由来する楽舞であった。
- Also known as 'Kuregaku,' (literally means the performance of Wu) or 'Kureno Utamai' (the music and dance of Wu), it was a singing and dancing brought from state of Wu located in Southern China within the cultural sphere of Buddhism.
- しかしながら、特に江戸時代中期以降になると明確に文人意識を持ち、文人文化を実現した人々が多数存在したこともまぎれもない事実である。
- However, it is true that especially after the mid-Edo period there were many clearly self-aware Bunjin in Japan and they created Bunjin culture.
- 羽咋市の無形文化財に指定されている唐戸山神事相撲は同地で仁政を敷いた命を偲んで命日である9月25日に相撲を行った事に由来するという。
- The origin of Karatoyama-shinji sumo in Hakui City, designated as an intangible cultural property, is said to be traced back to the event in which the people used to celebrate Sumo on the 25th day of the 9th month, the anniversary of Iwatsukuwake no mikoto's death, every year to recall him and his good governance.
- 享和、文化、文政年代の月瀬周辺に関わる借用書には梅木畑の入質記録が散見され、この時代には畑一面にまで梅が植えられていたことが窺える。
- In the IOUs of the Tsukigase region created during the Kyowa, Bunka and Bunsei eras (1801-1830) plum-tree fields frequently appear on a pawn lists, indicating that plum trees were planted on entire crop fields as well.
- 夫・後水尾天皇は後に寛永文化といわれる様々な文芸芸術の振興に尽くしたことで知られるが、妻の和子自身もかなりのセンスの持ち主であった。
- Her husband, Emperor Gomizunoo was known for his contributions to promote various arts of Kanei culture, his wife Kazuko, also had quite a talent in the arts.
- 文化 (日本)8年(1811年)に高橋景保の提案によって蛮書和解御用が設置され、安政3年(1858年)の蕃書調所設置まで続いている。
- Bansho-wage Goyo (government office for the translation of western books) was established in 1811 according to the proposal of Kageyasu TAKAHASHI, and it continued to exist until Bansho Shirabesho (government office for the study of western books) was established in 1858.
- ヨーロッパの民間伝承上の存在「fairy」にはもっぱら妖精の訳を当てるが、文化人類学のアニミズムにおいては、妖怪も妖精も包括される。
- The word yosei is used for the translation of the word 'fairy', a being in European folklore, but animism in cultural anthropology includes both yosei and yokai.
- しかし、江戸時代は魚の食文化が発達した時代でもあり、17世紀の『料理物語』のなかに「ふくとう汁」(ふぐ汁)の料理方法が記載されている。
- However, it was during the Edo period that a food culture of eating fish developed, and a book in the 17th century called 'Ryori Monogatari' (tale of food) includes an explanation on how to cook 'fukuto jiru' (pufferfish soup).
- 文化 (元号)11年(1814年)に刊行が開始され、28年をかけて天保13年(1842年)に完結した、全98巻、106冊の大作である。
- It consists of 98 volumes, 106 books in total, that started to be published in 1814 and was completed in 1842, 28 years later.
- 一方で、第二次大戦後の文化財保護法では指定の対象となっていない西洋絵画がわずかながら重要美術品等認定物件となっていることは注目される。
- Meanwhile, it is noteworthy that the properties accredited as an important art object do include some European paintings which were not subject to the designation under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties after World War II.
- 大江 磐代(おおえ いわしろ、延享元年(1744年)- 文化 (元号)9年12月9日 (旧暦)(1813年1月11日))は、日本の皇族。
- Iwashiro OE (1744-January 11, 1813) was a member of Japan's Imperial Family.
- 高倉家伝来の古文書・典籍・装束などは、現在(旧名「高倉文化研究所」)に所蔵されており、同研究所は伝統保持のための運動を地道に進めている。
- The ancient documents, books and costumes that have been handed down through the generations in the Takakura family are now in the possession of the Takakura Cultural Institute (former name), which is making steady efforts to preserve the traditions.
- 大正ロマン(たいしょうろまん:しばしば「大正浪漫」とも表記される)とは、大正時代の雰囲気を伝える思潮や文化事象を指して呼ぶことばである。
- Taisho Roman (often described in the Chinese character '大正浪漫') refers to a trend of thought or cultural events that conveys the atmosphere of the Taisho period.
- 近年は日本人の間にも内臓食の文化が浸透してきたことや、牛海綿状脳症の影響などで原料となる牛腸の供給が減少しているため高価になりつつある。
- Recently, since eating internal organs of livestock has been spreading among Japanese people and the supply of cattle intestines has been decreasing due to influences from the problem of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, raburakasu is becoming expensive.
- 女性による義太夫語りは、江戸後期の文化 (元号)文政ごろからおこなわれていたが、水野忠邦の天保の改革で女芸人が禁止されると廃れていった。
- Females came to narrate Gidayu in the early nineteenth century, during the latter half of the Edo period, but such plays by females declined after the Tenpo reforms by Tadakuni MIZUNO prohibited females from working as entertainers.
- そして、大陸からの文化の吸収もあり、現代 (時代区分)に至るまで、時代と共に様々な妖怪が人々の生活の中から生み出されてきたと考えられる。
- Furthermore, culture from the continent was adopted, and it is considered that various forms of yokai were created with passage of time in peoples' lives until the modern day (periodization).
- 漢字文化圏以外の国家であっても、一地域・一民族の君主であるにとどまる王の上位に位置し、複数の地域・民族を支配する君主が存在する場合がある。
- Even in nations that do not use Chinese characters, there are cases where a monarch who reigns over several regions or nations is superior to a king who reigns over only one region or one nation.
- 稲葉正のぶ(まさのぶ)<従四位下。丹後守>【安永2年11月6日藩主就任-文化3年8月24日死去】〔奏者番。寺社奉行。大坂城代。京都所司代〕
- Masanobu INABA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on November 6, 1773 - died on August 24, 1806'[Sojaban (Government Official of the Imperial Ceremony), Jishabugyo (a magistrate of shrines and temples), Osaka Jodai (Keeper of Osaka Castle), Kyoto Shoshidai (the shogunate's military governor stationed in Kyoto)]
- 江戸~昭和期の町並みが残り、「法蓮格子」と呼ばれる様式を用いた町家や、洋風建築の奈良少年刑務所、重要文化財の奈良女子大学記念館などがある。
- In Nara Kitamachi, an old townscape from the Edo to Showa periods still remains and you will find a traditional townhouse using the style called 'horen-goshi lattice,' the Nara juvenile prison of Western-style architecture, the Memorial Hall of Nara Women's University which is an important cultural property, and so on.
- これら皿などの食器を手に持たない文化圏では、日本人が不用意に食器を持って口元に近づけると、マナーに反することにもなるので注意が必要である。
- In cultural areas where people don't hold dishes such as plates, Japanese people have to be careful that if they hold eating utensils carelessly and bring them closer to their mouths, that is against good manners.
- 因みに警備を担当した宮門は、氏族名から「佐伯門」と名付けられたが、平安宮では唐風文化の影響から、「さへき」に音通する「藻壁門」と改められた。
- The Imperial Palace's gates at which the Saeki clan had served was named 'Saeki-mon' (Saeki Gate) after their surname, however, because Tang culture was the latest trend, Saeki-mon (佐伯門 pronounced as 'safeki-mon' in those days and 'safeki' was Japanese word) of Heian-kyu Palace which was built much later was changed to Soheki-mon (藻壁門 pronounced as 'saufeki-mon' in those days and 'saufeki' was the then Chinese pronunciation) which sound was very similar to Saeki-mon.
- 福知山市の場合、それを示唆するものの一例として国の重要文化財にも指定された盤龍鏡と呼ばれる「景初四年」の年号が刻まれた鏡の出土があげられる。
- In the case of Fukuchiyama City, one such finding supporting this speculation is a mirror called Banryu-kyo Mirror; it has been designated as a national heritage cultural property, and has the name of the period, 'Fourth Year of Jingchu,' engraved upon it.
- 周囲は、金閣寺、仁和寺、龍安寺などの名刹に加え、京都府立堂本印象美術館や立命館大学などといった文化・教育施設に恵まれ、多くの観光客で賑わう。
- Mt. Kinugasa is surrounded by renowned temples such as Kinkaku-ji Temple, Ninna-ji Temple and Ryoan-ji Temple, as well as cultural and educational facilities such as Kyoto Prefectural Insho-Domoto Museum of Fine Arts and Ritsumeikan University, thus attracting many tourists.
- 漱石が江戸文化の影響を色濃く受けていた事を想起すれば、『猫』での描写は、江戸・東京におけるある種のステレオタイプにのっとったものだったろう。
- Recalling that Soseki was heavily influenced by Edo culture, it seems that the above depictions in 'I Am a Cat' were in keeping with a certain stereotype that existed in Edo (Tokyo).
- 明治・大正時代に、学校で日常的に着る服として多くの女学生が女性用の袴を好んで着用し、女学生の袴姿が流行したことが、日本の文化として定着した。
- During the Meiji and Taisho periods, most female students liked to wear female Hakama as everyday clothes in school so that Hakama prevailed among Japanese female students, which took root in Japanese culture.
- 実際には国書を下げ渡された堀尾吉晴が保管しており、現在も重要文化財(「綾本墨書 明王贈豊太閤冊封文」)として大阪歴史博物館に所蔵されている。
- In fact, the letter was kept by Yoshiharu HORIO, who received it from Hideyoshi, and is currently in the possession of the Osaka Museum of History as important cultural property (the official letter to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI from the King of Ming, 綾本墨書 明王贈豊太閤冊封文).
- 1935年(昭和10年)に、神代文化研究会から刊行された『上記』は、野津町の安藤一馬が「宗像本」を書写した「安藤本」を底本とするものである。
- In 1935, 'Uetsufumi', issued from Jindai Bunka Kenkyukai (a study group of ancient time culture) was based on the 'Ando-bon' which was a manuscript of 'Munakata-bon' by Kazuma ANDO, the Nozu Village.
- 連合軍の暴挙によって王侯貴族の邸宅や頤和園などの文化遺産が掠奪・放火・破壊の対象となり、奪った宝物を換金するための泥棒市がたつほどであった。
- Cultural heritages such as the residences of royal aristocrats and the Summer Palace were looted, victimized by arson, destroyed, and a market even opened for the loot in order to exchange it for money.
- 安永2年(1773年)に水野家下組屋敷に隠居したが、その後も30年以上にわたって活発に活動を続け文化 (日本)4年(1807年)に世を去った。
- In 1773 he retired to the kumi-yashiki (residence for general samurai) of the Mizuno family, however he remained active in the tea ceremony for more than thirty years until his death in 1807.
- 日本の風俗から外れた、海外の魔物を「妖怪」と呼び習わすのは、こうした日本以外の文化が様々な時代に流入し、ある程度の歴史を持っているからである。
- The reason why overseas demons, that are foreign to the Japanese mode of life, are called 'yokai' is that such non-Japanese cultures flowed into Japan during various periods, and they possess a certain amount of history.
- しかしながら、聖徳太子が遣隋使を派遣するなど、中国文化が朝鮮半島を経由せずに直接日本に将来されるようになり、隋唐の書の影響が現れるようになる。
- However, Chinese culture was brought to Japan without going through the Korean peninsula, for example, by means of sending an envoy to the Sui Dynasty China by Prince Shotoku, and calligraphy in Japan was affected by Sui and Tang.
- すなわち地理的・宗教的・文化的な違いがあっても、西欧の国家制度を導入・模倣することで国際法が適用される道が開けることとなった(広瀬1978)。
- Namely, it became possible to apply international law to the countries which introduced or modeled on state systems of Western countries, even if there were geographical, religious or cultural differences (Hirose 1978).
- 貞観 (日本)14年(872年)に作成された「貞観寺田地目録帳(『貞観寺根本目録』の一部)」(仁和寺所蔵重要文化財)に「鳥羽」の地名が登場する。
- The place name 'Toba' appeared in 'The Jogan-ji Temple Inventory of Rice Fields' (a section of 'The Jogan-ji Temple Inventory') (important cultural property owned by Ninna-ji Temple) which was made in 872.
- 京は富裕層向けを初めとした高付加価値商品生産地、すなわち工業都市として発展し、製品・職人が日本各地へと流れ、付随して京文化の影響を各地に与えた。
- Kyoto had been developed as a high-value-added commodity production area, or industrial city, such as those for the wealthy class, and its products and craftsmen circulated around various areas in Japan, which brought the accompanying influence of Kyoto culture to those regions thereon.
- 世界遺産への推薦・登録に際して設けられた緩衝地帯は文化財保護法の対象ではないが、その他の法令や県および市町村の条例による保護の下に置かれている。
- The Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties is not applied to the buffer zone which was specified before the recommendation and the registration as a World Heritage site, however, the zone is protected by other laws and ordinances of the local authority.
- 例えば東京都無形民俗文化財に指定されている檜原村小沢郷の小沢式三番や笹野郷の笹野式三番、岩手県平泉町の白山神社で伝承される古実式三番などがある。
- Examples include Ozawa Shiki Sanban of Ozawa-kyo, Hinohara-mura, which is designated as a Tokyo intangible folk cultural asset, as well as Sasano Shiki Sanban of Sasano-kyo and Furumi Shiki Sanban, which has been handed down from generation to generation in the Hakusan-jinja Shrine of Hiraizumi-cho, Iwate Prefecture.
- 滞在中は通商や文化交流に貢献し宮廷で茶の湯を披露するなどのほか、日露戦争に際してロシア軍艦のボスポラス海峡通過を日本に打電するという逸事がある。
- During his sojourn in Turkey he contributed to commerce and cultural exchange and besides introducing the Turkish royal court to the Japanese tea ceremony, there is anecdotal evidence that, during the Russo-Japanese War, he telegraphed Japan the movements of Russian battleships in the Bosporus Sea.
- 日本の食文化では、背筋を伸ばして食器を手に持って口に近づける食事姿勢を良しとするマナーがあるため、背を曲げて口を食器に近づける姿勢は忌避される。
- In Japanese food culture, eating style that people hold dishes in their hands and bring dishes closer to their mouths with their back ramrod-straight are considered to be good manners, therefore, bending their back and bringing their faces closer to eating utensils is avoided.
- もっとも、デーモンが早稲田大学の出身であり、なおかつ大相撲や日本文化に造詣が深いことを考慮すれば、天皇に名が知られていてもそれほど不思議ではない。
- However, given the fact that Mr. Demon Kogure graduated from Waseda University, as well as being well versed in professional Sumo wrestling and Japanese culture, it comes as no surprise that the Emperor knew who Mr. Demon Kogure is.
- 多子の母・豪子も、藤原俊成・藤原定家の出た御子左家の出身であり、両親の文化的素養を受け継いだ影響から、多子も書・絵・琴・琵琶の名手として知られた。
- Masaruko's mother, Goshi was also from the Mikohidari family from which FUJIWARA no Toshinari and FUJIWARA no Sadaie were originated; Masaruko was known for being an expert in calligraphy, painting, Japanese harp, Japanese lute, taking over the cultural talent of her parents.
- 小辺路を含む熊野参詣道はそれまで文化財保護法による指定を受けておらず、世界遺産への推薦に先行して保存管理の計画を示す必要から登録されたものである。
- Until then the pilgrimage route to Kumano including Kohechi had not been registered by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, and the registration was planned for reporting the plan of the preservation and management of the site to obtain the recommendation as a World Heritage site.
- 現在「留袖」と言われているのは、化政文化華やかな頃、江戸で芸者から流行が広がった江戸褄(えどづま)と呼ばれる下半身部にのみ模様の入った着物を指す。
- The type of kimono called 'tomesode' today refers to the kimono having patterns woven only in the lower body part of the kimono called 'edozuma', which were worn by geisha (Japanese professional female entertainer at drinking party) at first and became popular among women in Edo.
- しかし、お座敷芸より連なる伝統的芸能を支える空間としての役割を果たしながら、都市文化の華としての地位を江戸時代初期から守っているのは驚異的である。
- However, it is astonishing that the yose has kept its position as the flower of urban culture since the early Edo period while serving to support the traditional performance arts related to performances in rooms (such as geisha dance).
- 考え方としては、土地に記念された文化財という考え方から発しており、動物の種 (分類学)を指定した場合を除くと、指定対象は、ある一定範囲の土地である。
- The concept is rooted in the idea that each monument is a cultural property unique and memorial to a place and therefore, the subjects of designation, except for cases where animal species (taxonomy) are designated, are places of certain ranges.
- 全国和菓子協会は、こうした故事にちなみ、日本の食文化を正しく隆盛に後世に伝え残すために一層の努力を積み重ねることを目的として、この記念日を制定した。
- The Zenkoku Wagashi Kyokai (Japan Wagashi Association) established the memorial day relating to this historical fact in order to make greater efforts to pass on Japanese food culture properly and actively to the next generations.
- 現在残っている実物は、国の重要文化財に指定されている隠岐国駅鈴2口(幅約5.5 センチメートル、奥行約5.0 cm、高さ約6.5 cm)のみである。
- The only actual bells that exist today are two ekirei of the Oki Province (about 5.5cm in width, 5.0cm in depth and 6.5cm in height) designated as the national important cultural property.
- 諸学に通じ和歌・茶の湯を好んでいた文化人であったこと、また内政手腕に優れ、領民を愛して善政を布いたといわれ、現在も光秀の遺徳を偲ぶ地域が数多くある。
- Even now, there are many areas where they commemorate the long-lasting virtues of the late Mitsuhide, who was a cultured person conversant with many studies and fond of Waka and Chanoyu, and a prominent politician skillful in domestic politics giving good administration out of his love for the people.
- 天智天皇が近江宮に遷都して以来の歴史を持つ古都であり、世界文化遺産の比叡山延暦寺や園城寺(三井寺)、日吉大社などの神社仏閣をはじめ史跡が多く点在する。
- It is an ancient capital known since Emperor Tenchi transferred the capital to Omi no miya (Omi Palace), and it is dotted with lots of historical sites including shrines and temples such as Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei as the World Cultural Heritage, Onjo-ji Temple (Mii-dera Temple) and Hiyoshi-taisha Shrine.
- 7世紀には、飛鳥は古代日本の政治と文化の中心地となり、都市機能の整備が行われるなど、宮都の様相を呈していたので、「飛鳥京」とも呼ばれていた(『紀』)。
- In the seventh century, Asuka became a central place of politics and culture in ancient Japan, and it is called 'Asuka no miyako' as it took on the character of a capital with city functions developed ('Ki' [also known as 'Nihonshoki,' or Chronicles of Japan]).
- (3) 紀伊山地の神社と仏教寺院は、それらに関連する宗教儀式とともに、1000年以上にわたる日本の宗教文化の発展に関するひときわ優れた証拠性を有する。
- (3) The shrines and Buddhist temples in Kii Mountain Range, together with their associated religious rites, are regarded as particularly excellent evidence on the development of Japanese religious culture over 1000 years.
- 大蔵館跡(埼玉県指定文化財一覧。平安時代末期の武将源義賢の居館とされているが、発掘調査の結果南北朝時代 (日本)の遺構であると判明。真の館の主は不明)
- Site of Okura-yakata (listed in the designated cultural properties of Saitama Prefecture; this was believed to be the residence of MINAMOTO no Yoshikata who was a warlord living during the late Heian period, but the result of survey by excavation clarified that the remains were from the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan); the actual owner of the residence has yet to be identified.)
- タイの伝統食文化のケーン(ゲーン)と呼ばれる様々な汁物の中で、香辛料を利かせた料理を外国人が便宜上からタイカレー(Thai curry)と呼んでいる。
- Among a variety of soups called Kaeng (Gaeng), which is a traditional Thai dish, foreigners call those rich in spice Thai curry for the sake of convenience.
- しかし、関流算術を学んだ久留米藩主・有馬頼ゆきは1769年に出版した著書『拾璣算法』において関流の秘伝を公開し、和算文化の向上に大きな貢献を果たした。
- Yoriyuki ARIMA, lord of the Kurume Domain who learned arithmetic of the Seki school, revealed the mathematical secrets taught in Seki school in his 'Shuki Sanpo,' published in 1769, and contributed greatly to the advancement of wasan culture.
- 指定にあたっては、たとえば「人形浄瑠璃文楽」「能楽」のような芸能、「備前焼」「彫金」のような工芸技術といった無形の「わざ」を重要無形文化財に指定する。
- Intangible skills such as performing art including 'ningyojoruri' (Japanese traditional puppet show) and 'nogaku' (classical Japanese musical drama) or technique of arts and crafts including 'bizen yaki' (Japanese pottery produced in Okayama Prefecture) and 'chokin' (metalworking technique) are designated as important intangible cultural properties.
- 木棺墓は、明確な出自は明らかになってはいないものの縄文文化には認められない墓制であることから半島から渡来した墓制と考えられている埋葬様式の一つである。
- Although it is clear the place of origin for mokkanbo (wooden coffin grave) is not yet known, it is a burial system not found in the Jomon culture therefore it is considered as a burial system introduced from the Korean Peninsula.
- このころには言語や文化の変化や流れに従い原典をそのまま読むことも困難になってきたため、原典に引歌や故事の考証や難語の解説を書き添える注釈書が生まれた。
- Around this time, it was becoming difficult to read the original text in the course of changing language and culture, so commentaries to add the study of poetry quotations and historical events, and explanations of difficult words were generated.
- 何故ならそれまで自文化に無かった新概念の紹介のために新語をひねり出す必要にまず駆られ、次にそうした新語ばかり使用すると意味不明な訳文となるためである。
- The reason why is that, in order to introduce new concept that has not existed in the own culture, the translator is obliged to create new word and, then, if too many such new words are used, the translation becomes incomprehensible.
- 第一条 この法律は、東京都を新しく我が平和国家の首都として十分にその政治、経済、文化等についての機能を発揮し得るよう計画し、建設することを目的とする。
- Article 1: This law aims to plan and construct Tokyo Metropolis so as to develop fully the functions of politics, economy and culture of Tokyo as the capital of the peace state.
- その後、享和2年(1802年)から文化_(元号)元年(1804年)にかけて十分の一役米(後述)の導入によって一時停止されたものの、その後も継続された。
- Afterward, the tax was abolished temporarily from 1802 to 1804 when the system of obligatory supply of the one-tenth amount of rice for sake brewing was introduced (as will be discussed hereinafter), but remained thereafter.
- 御文庫を擁する上冷泉家が関西の京都に残ったことで、結果として膨大な至宝が関東大震災と東京大空襲から守り抜かれたことは、日本文化史上この上ない僥倖である。
- It is a happy accident of Japanese cultural history that the Kami Reizei family which holds Gobunko remained in Kyoto in Kansai, keeping these great treasures safe from the Great Kanto Earthquake and the bombing of Tokyo.
- 「江戸小紋」の名称は昭和30年(1955年)に東京都の小宮康助が重要無形文化財保持者(人間国宝)に認定された際に「京小紋」と区別するために名づけられた。
- Edo-komon' was named in order to differentiate from 'Kyo-Komon' when Kosuke KOMIYA of Tokyo was designated as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1955.
- 「あるもの」を加えなくても原料が酒に変化する単発酵の酒文化圏である西洋においては、酵母の存在が科学的に認識されたのは19世紀に入ってからのことであった。
- In the West that belongs to the liquor culture region of single-fermentation where ingredients turn into liquor without adding 'something,' the existence of yeasts was scientifically proven only in the 19th century.
- しかも自分の創作和食と紹介せず日本の伝統的で正式な料理方法と題しているため、日本食に詳しくない外国人に間違った日本文化を植えつけているのが問題になった。
- Additionally, they do not call them their creative cuisine, but traditional and formal Japanese cooking methods, and thus it is problematic that wrong Japanese culture is spread among foreigners who are not familiar with Japanese foods.
- また、郭沫若(1892年 - 1978年)が文化大革命直前に発表した蘭亭序偽作説は一大センセーションを巻き起こしたが、現在その説は殆ど支持されていない。
- Although an opinion that the Ranteijo was counterfeit was expressed by Guo Moruo (1892-1978) right before the Cultural Revolution (the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution) and caused a great sensation, it has little support today.
- 文化 (元号)年間(1804年 - 1817年)に江戸城神田橋御門・常盤橋御門番を務めた功績により、天保10年(1839年)に城主大名に引き上げられた。
- In 1839 he was promoted to Joshu daimyo (daimyo who is allowed to live in a castle) by his distinguished service as a gatekeeper at Kanda-bashi Bridge and Tokiwa-bashi Bridge of Edo-jo Castle during the Bunka era (1894 to 1817).
- 欽明以後、中国の制度・文化の摂取が積極的に行われるようになっていき、7世紀初頭には冠位制度の導入など、天皇家を中心とした政府が形成され始めることとなった。
- After Emperor Kinmei, the systems and cultures of China had begun to be assimilated actively, and in the beginning of 7th century, like the assimilation of kani system (system indicating court ranks by headgear colors), the government with the Imperial Family in the center had begun to be formed.
- 大衆娯楽小説の出発点ともされており、大佛次郎の『鞍馬天狗 (小説)』連載開始(大正12年)とともに大衆文化(サブカルチャー)の創生に大きく影響を及ぼした。
- This is considered to be the start point of popular entertainment novels, which gave a significant impact on the creation of subculture along with the start of a series of novel 'Kurama Tengu' by Jiro OSANAGI in 1923.
- 1994年(平成6年) 「世界の文化遺産及び自然遺産の保護に関する条約」(世界遺産条約)に基づいて、延暦寺が金閣寺、清水寺などと共に世界遺産に登録される。
- 1994: Enryaku-ji Temple was registered as a World Heritage site along with Kinkaku-ji Temple and Kiyomizu-dera Temple under the 'Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage' (World Heritage Convention).
- ところが、近時住宅地にのみこまれた文化財は、地震等による大火で失われる確立が過去に無いほど非常に危険な状態にあると危惧する声が有識者の中から上がっている。
- However, experts are voicing the fear that the probability that cultural properties enveloped by the sprawl of recent residential areas can become lost in fires caused by earthquakes and other factors is greater than ever before.
- しかし、同法制定当時の制度では「現状のまま放置し、国が保護しなければ衰亡のおそれのあるもの」を選定無形文化財として選定するという、消極的保護施策であった。
- However, it was a passive protection measure, because under the law, something had to be in danger of extinction without government's protection in order to be selected as an an intangible cultural property.
- なお、山形県押出遺跡や長野県大崎遺跡からは、堅果の粉による食品「縄文クッキー」の炭化したものが出土しており、粉食文化が広く普及していることを物語っている。
- Carbonized 'Jomon cookie,' the food made from nut powder, was unearthed from the Oshidashi remains of Yamagata Prefecture and the Osaki remains of Nagano Prefecture, showing that culture of powdered food became widespread in those days.
- 文化元年(1804年)には、それまでの測量の結果をまとめ、大図69枚・中図3枚・小図1枚(大中小図については後述)からなる東日本の地図をいったん幕府に提出。
- In 1804 he put together his past survey results and submitted to the Bakufu a complete map of eastern Japan consisting of 69 large maps, 3 medium-sized maps and a small map (Further information on large, medium-sized and small maps can be found below).
- 日本海に面する市域一帯には、峰山町に扇谷遺跡、途中ケ岡遺跡、弥栄町に奈具遺跡など弥生時代の大遺跡があり、日本海側における文化の一大中心地であったと見られる。
- Since the following large remains of the Yayoi period were found in the area facing Japan Sea, the area is considered to have been a cultural center on the Japan Sea side: Ogitani Remains and Tochugaoka Remains in Mineyama-cho, and Nagu Remains of Yasaka-cho.
- 奈良県立橿原考古学研究所には、川底改修の際に出土した木製の樋が保存展示されており、「益田池の堤 附樋管」として奈良県の指定文化財として史跡に指定されている。
- Archaeological Institute of Kashihara, Nara Prefecture preserves and exhibits wooden gutters which were excavated during renovation of the river bed and are designated as cultural property 'Gutter Pipes for the Bank of Masuda-ike Pond'by Nara Prefecture.
- 著者が近思録崩れに連座して遠島とされた後に本土に移されて幽閉された文化 (日本)9年(1812年)から天保12年(1841年)の時期に書かれたとされている。
- It seems that the book was written in the period between 1812 and 1841 when he was moved back to the main land and confined after he was implicated in the Kinshiroku-kuzure affair (the family feud in Satsuma domain in 1808) and exiled to a remote island.
- しかし大欽茂の時代になり、唐との融和が図られる時代になると軍事的な意味合いは薄れ、もっぱら文化交流と経済活動を中心とした使節へとその性格を変化させていった。
- However, when it became the period of Heummu DAE and of reconciliation with Tang, its military implication wore off and changed its characteristics to the envoy for cultural exchange and economic activities.
- こうした有形文化財に加え、乞巧奠(きっこうてん、七夕)のような昔ながらの年中行事や和歌の家としての伝統を保持するため、財団法人冷泉家時雨亭文庫が設立された。
- In addition to handling these tangible cultural properties, the Foundation of the Shigure-tei library of the Reizei family was established to preserve records of ancient cultural practices like the Tanabata Star Festival (the festival of the Weaver, which still takes place on the seventh day of the seventh month) as well, and to preserve the Reizei family's poetic conventions as a family famed for its waka poems.
- その後は徳川家康の援助を受けながら旧知・姻戚の公家などの文化人と往来し、連歌の会などに参加していたことが、親交のあった山科言経の日記『言経卿記』から伺える。
- After that, it can be seen from 'Tokitsune-kyo ki' (Lord Tokitsune's Diary), diary of Tokitsune YAMASHINA, with whom he formed friendship, that he received Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's assistance and socialized with intellectuals such as court nobles who were old acquaintances and relatives, and he attended renga poetry gatherings.
- 京都全体を戦乱に巻き込んだ応仁の乱の影響で、日本の宮廷文化は混乱するが、このとき位階以上の貴族の冠に用いる有文羅(うもんら/模様を織り出した羅)の技法が散逸。
- As the Onin War dragged the whole Kyoto into the war, Japanese Court culture became disordered, and they lost the technique of umonra (ra woven in a pattern), which was used for Court caps for the nobilities whose ranks were the Fifth Rank or higher.
- 四季のある日本で、永々と培われた着物文化のひとつである帯締めには、夏の季節の仕様の織り方の帯締め紐と、春、秋、冬のスリーシーズンの仕様の紐に大きく分けられる。
- The obijime, as one of the kimono cultures that have been accumulated over a long period of time in Japan - a land of four seasons - can be largely categorized into the obijime cords that are woven in the specification for summer season and the obijime cords that have the specification for the three seasons of spring, autumn and winter.
- 韓国の宗教文化研究院長の崔俊植 梨花大学教授は、ソシモリは、「ソシ」は「高い柱」、「モリ」は「頂上・てっぺん」、「ソシモリ」は「高い柱の頂上」という意とした。
- Choi Jun Sik (崔俊植), a professor at Ehwa Womans University and the head of the Religious Culture Studies Institute in South Korea, explains that the 'soshi' and 'mori' in 'Soshimori' refer to 'a high pillar' and 'summit or top,' respectively, thus the word 'Soshimori' means 'the summit of a high pillar.'
- 初代巓崢宗弘は当時の本義を見失った祭り茶法に疑問を抱き、伝統文化としての茶道ではなく、渡世としての茶道でもなく、巓崢宗弘の言う「真の茶の湯」を追求したようだ。
- Munehiro TENSO, the first head of the school, had doubts about then matsurichaho (tea ceremony in the style of festival) losing the true meaning, and seemed to seek for 'real tea ceremony' mentioned by him, neither tea ceremony as a traditional culture nor tea ceremony as business.
- 東海道中膝栗毛(とうかいどうちゅうひざくりげ)は、1802年(享和2年)から1814年(文化 (元号)11年)にかけて初刷りされた、十返舎一九の滑稽本である。
- Tokaidochu Hizakurige is a book of comical stories by Ikku JUPPENSHA, with their first printings taking place between 1802 to 1814.
- これは伝統的な宮廷文化の枠組みの中にあった連歌の題材を、広く世相に求め、伝統的な詩形や題材と卑近なものの組みあわせのうちにおかしみを見出そうとする試みである。
- This was an attempt to pursue the subject matter of renga in the social conditions, and to try to find humor in the combination of a traditional poetic form and something familiar.
- 大きく分けると、日本列島の細石刃文化は、北東日本の楔形(くさびがた)細石刃と南西日本の野岳(のだけ)・休場(やすみば)型や船野型細石刃の二つの分布圏に分かれる。
- The Saisekijin Culture of the Japanese archipelago is largely divided into two areas of distribution, that of cuneate saisekijin in northeast Japan and those of Nodake, Yasumiba, and Funano types in the southwest Japan.
- 地理的には南部が桂川 (淀川水系)流域、北部が由良川流域であり、普段から交流も多い地域であるが、文化圏としては方言など多少の差異もあり、必ずしも単一とはいえない。
- Much interaction exists between its southern part, which is located along the Katsura-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River system) and its northern part, which is located along the Yura-gawa River, but it cannot be said that the area constitutes a single cultural area, due to the slight differences in dialect which exist between the two regions.
- また、それら文化財自体の地震などへの耐震性についても、現在の基準で判断すると問題のある建物も相当数あるが、解体修理は世紀単位で一度しかできず、莫大な費用を要する。
- When judging the earthquake resistance of those cultural properties in accordance with current standards, there are many buildings that fail but dismantling and repair can only be conducted once every century and requires enormous amounts of money.
- 模刻が発生したのは唐代後期のことであり、五代十国の文化王朝として知られる南唐ではこの手法を用いて『集帖昇元帖』や『集帖澄清堂帖』という集帖を作ったと言われている。
- The mokoku was developed in the late Tang Dynasty, and Southern Tang which was known as a cultured dynasty in the Wudai Shiguo period is said to have used this method to compile shujo (anthology of hojo) named 'Shujo Shogen-jo' and 'Shujo Choseido-jo.'
- 九世茂山千五郎正虎(文化 (日本)7年5月17日 (旧暦)(1810年6月18日)-明治19年(1886年)5月11日)は、江戸時代後期から明治時代初期の狂言師。
- Sengoro SHIGEYAMA the Ninth, Masatora (June 18, 1810-May 11, 1886) was a Kyogen performer in the late Edo period and the early Meiji period.
- 篠田統、石毛直道らによると、これは伝来したものであり、その日本への伝来ルートとしては、稲作文化とともに中国は長江あたりから九州に伝来したのではないか、とみている。
- Osamu SHINODA, Naomichi ISHIGE and so on considered that this sushi had been foreign food, and had been imported to Kyushu in Japan from areas around the Yangtze River in China, along with a rice-producing culture.
- 使われる衣装類には山形県有形文化財に指定されている光狩衣・蜀紅の錦といった能衣装は清和天皇の御衣とされ、中には現在で言う能楽の発生初期のものと見られる能面もある。
- Among the Noh costumes are Hikari-kariginu and Shokko no nishiki, which are said to be Emperor Seiwa's clothes and designated as tangible cultural assets of Yamagata Prefecture, and some of the Noh masks are considered to have been made in the early days of Noh.
- どぶろくの起源についても諸説あり、中国の長江/黄河流域の稲作文化の直接伝播(紀元前3千年紀ごろ)に伴って伝わったという説や自然発酵による独自の発生説など諸説ある。
- There are various theories about the origin of Doburoku: a theory that it was brought from China with the direct transmission of the rice-producing culture from the Yangtze River/the Yellow River region (around 3,000 B.C.), a theory of spontaneous generation by natural fermentation and other theories.
- 算額奉納の習慣は、江戸中期に入ると全国的に盛行し、とくに寛政・享和・文化 (元号)・文政のころは最も隆盛し、1年に奉納数が100を越えたこともあったといわれている。
- The culture of dedicating sangaku prevailed nationwide in the mid-Edo Period, and particularly its popularity peaked in the Kansei, kyowa, Bunka and Bunsei eras (1789 to 1829) that, as records say, sometimes gathered more than 100 dedications annually.
- 小辺路は文化財保護法にもとづく史跡「熊野参詣道」(2000年〈平成12年〉11月2日指定)の一部として、2002年(平成14年)12月19日に追加指定を受けている。
- Kohechi was additionally designated on December 19, 2002 as a part of a historical site 'Pilgrimage Route to Kumano' (first registered on November 2, 2000) based on the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties.
- 同じ並行複発酵の酒文化圏である中国では、序文が1117年に書かれたことがわかっている醸造技術書『北山酒経』によれば、すでに宋 (王朝)の時代に「酵」と呼ばれていた。
- In China, which belongs to the same liquor culture region of multiple parallel fermentation, fermentation was already called 'Ko' in the age of the Sung dynasty, according to a brewing treatise titled 'Hokuzan Shukei' (book on brewing technique), the preface of which is known to be written in 1117.
- 文化財保護法で言う「伝統的建造物群」とは、城下町、宿場町、門前町、寺内町、港町、農漁村などの、周囲の環境と一体をなして歴史的風致を形成している伝統的建造物群を指す。
- The Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties defines 'a group of historic buildings' as that which forms a historic landscape in unison with its surrounding environments such as towns formed around castles, posts (shukuba), Shinto shrines, Buddhist temples, ports, and/or farming or fishing villages.
- 京都は平安遷都以後現在に至るまで、政治・文化と同様に日本の漆工芸の中心地として王朝貴族の祭祀装飾品から茶道具まで特に手間隙をかけた完成度の高い漆器を送り出してきた。
- Kyoto has been the center of production of lacquer craftworks in Japan as well as of politics and culture since the transfer of national capital to the city of Heian-kyo, supplying high-quality lacquerware made with a great deal of time and care, from religious service accessories to tea utensils of the royalty and nobility.
- 明の文化に心酔していた義満は明の太祖・洪武帝にあやかって日本の年号にも「洪」の字を使うよう朝廷へ圧力をかけたが、上記の理由もあり朝廷側が拒否したため実現しなかった。
- Yoshimitsu, who adored Ming culture, pressed the Imperial Court to use the Chinese character 洪 in the name of Japanese eras after the Taizu of Ming, Emperor Hongwu (洪武帝), but this was rejected by for various reasons, including the facts mentioned above.
- 民俗文化財(みんぞくぶんかざい)とは、民俗資料のうち、とくに資料性が高く、保存措置が必要だったり、あるいは、保存のための措置や施策が功を奏すると期待される資料である。
- Folk-cultural properties refer to material folk-culture with a particularly high value which require preservation measures, or measures or rules for such preservation are expected to be effective.
- 山階宮晃親王(やましなのみやあきらしんのう 文化 (元号)13年9月2日 (旧暦)(1816年10月22日) - 明治31年(1898年)2月17日)は、日本の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Yamashinanomiya Akira (October 22, 1816 - February 17, 1898) was a member of the Imperial family in Japan.
- 室町時代の焼失後に再建された堂が傷んだため、修理ではなく新築することとし、寛政10年(1798年)頃造営に着手、文化 (元号)5年(1808年)頃完成したものである。
- Because the hall rebuilt after destruction by fire in the Muromachi period was damaged, it was decided not to repair but to rebuild and construction work was commenced in 1798 and it was completed around 1808.
- 1957年に経営難から閉鎖された後は、大阪では地域の有志が寺や公民館、蕎麦屋などを会場に「地域寄席」という形で寄席文化を継承してきた(「田辺寄席」「岩田寄席」など)。
- After 1957, when the theater closed due to financial difficulties, the yose culture in Osaka was kept by local supporters in the style of 'local yose' by using temples, civic halls and soba-noodle shops as rakugo theaters (for example, 'Tanabe yose' and 'Iwata yose').
- 式正茶法は秋元瑞阿弥が体系化し、式正織部流(しきせい おりべりゅう)と称して千葉県市川市国府台の織部桔梗会が教授にあたっており、千葉県指定文化財一覧に指定されている。
- The Shikisei tea ceremony was systemized by Zuiami AKIMOTO and referred to as the Shikisei Oribe School, and the Oribe Kikyokai Association in Konodai, Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture provides instruction and is designated as an Intangible Cultural Asset by Chiba Prefecture.
- これは日本のように、屋外にも莫大な数の自動販売機(清涼飲料用)が設置されている国が世界的に類がなく、また「アイスコーヒー」という文化があまり馴染みがないためでもある。
- That may have been caused by the fact that Japan is a globally unparalleled country where a huge number of vending machines (selling soft drinks) installed outdoors and the fact that in the Western countries the culture of 'Ice coffee' is not familiar.
- しかし日本の伝統文化として復活と存続を望む声が多かったため、タバコ農家に在来種の栽培再開を依頼し、1銘柄(『こいき』)ではあるが昔ながらの良質の刻みタバコが復活した。
- Because of growing demand for the revival and survival of the shredded tobacco as Japanese traditional culture, however, tobacco farmers were asked to resume cultivation of domestic varieties and then only one brand ('koiki') came back as traditional quality shredded tobacco.
- このため、これを補うために文化_(日本)年間に評定所の幕臣がまとめた恩赦の記録が『大赦律』という名称で評定所において参考資料として用いられたが十分なものではなかった。
- In order to compensate the loss, the Shogun's retainers at the conference chamber complied the records on pardon collected in the Bunka period (1804-1818) into 'Taisharitsu' and it was used as reference at the conference chamber, but it was not sufficient enough.
- 日本では古墳時代に古墳の副葬品として馬具が見られることからこの頃に乗馬文化が導入され、軍事的利用される馬の育成は日本列島の各地へ広まり、特に東国において分布が拡大する。
- From seeing the harness as burial goods of the old tomb it proved that a cavalry horse culture started at the tumulus period in Japan, and then raising horses for military use spreaded to various places in the Japanese Islands, especially the distribution expanded in the eastern country.
- 吉子女王(よしこじょおう、文化 (元号)元年9月25日 (旧暦)(1804年10月28日) - 明治26年(1893年)1月27日)は、幕末から明治時代の皇族出身女性。
- Princess Yoshiko (October 28, 1804 - January 27, 1893), who was from the Imperial family, lived from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period.
- 高倉流では、宮中に納める場合など、普通は松と橘のみだが(旧儀御服記)、徳川家祥(のちの家定)におさめたものは女子用のように松梅橘の三種とした(有職文化研究所蔵調進控)。
- In Takakura school, fans to be delivered to the Imperial court had decorations of pine and mandarin orange only (according to 旧儀御服記), but the fan delivered to Iesachi TOKUGAWA (later Iesada) had three flowers of pine, plum, and mandarin orange, just like a fan for girls (Choshin Hikae in collection of Yusoku Bunka Kenkyujo (Institute of Court Culture)).
- 一説には、世の中が安定期に入るにつれ文化に対する民衆の関心が高まり、娘に舞踊を習わせる習慣が生まれたが、その際に身振りを美しく見せるために袖を長大化させていったという。
- According to one theory, the onset of an era of peace and stability was accompanied by growing interest in cultural pursuits among the general populace, leading to the rise of a new custom of having one's daughters learn how to dance, and that kimono sleeves were lengthened during this time in order to show off one's motions more gracefully.
- 文化 (元号)四年 (1807) に富岡八幡宮の祭礼でごったがえした付近の永代橋が崩落した事件と、文政三年 (1820) に起きた深川の芸者殺しの事件を題材にしている。
- Its' themes were based on the Eidai-bashi bridge-collapsing incident that occurred in 1807 around a place thronged with people for a festival at Tomioka Hachiman-gu Shrine, and on the geisha-killing incident that occurred in 1820 in Fukagawa.
- 形態、製作技法等において日本国民の生活文化の特色を示すもので典型的なもの、系統的・網羅的に収集されたコレクションであって地域的特色、技術的特色等を示すものが挙げられる。
- They may be a typical object that shows characteristics of Japanese life and culture in a shape, a fabrication technique, etc., or a systematical and comprehensive collection that has distinctive features regionally or technically.
- また、成立の経緯からして相撲文化と直結している料理であり、このため両国 (墨田区)界隈の他、地方場所の開催がある大都市、名古屋、大阪、福岡などにはちゃんこ料理店が多い。
- In light of the background of the establishment, the dish is directly connected to sumo culture and, therefore there are many chanko restaurants around Ryogoku (Sumida Ward), and in big cities such as Nagoya, Osaka and Fukuoka where regional tournaments are held.
- しかし、旧「重要美術品等ノ保存ニ関スル法律」によって認定された物件については、文化財保護法施行後も、同法附則の規定に基づき、当分の間その認定効力を保つこととされている。
- However, the important art objects so accredited under 'the Law relating to the reservation of important fine arts' were to retain such qualification for the time being after the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties was enacted, based on its supplementary provision.
- 日本では、食器を口元に上げ香りを楽しむことが一般的ではあるが、「皿や椀といった食器を手に持つ」という食文化のない・あるいはかえって無作法となる地域(韓国、北朝鮮)もある。
- In Japan, although it is common that people raise eating utensils to their lips to enjoy the smell of meal, in some regions, they don't have a food culture that 'holding dishes such as plates and bowls in their hands,' or Japanese eating manners are considered to be rather lack of manners (in South Korea and North Korea).
- 「史跡」、「名勝」、「天然記念物」などの総称であるが、地方公共団体によっては「旧跡」という種別を設けて「記念物」に含めて文化財指定している場合もある(東京都、埼玉県など)。
- Although the term 'monuments' collectively means 'historical sites,' 'places of scenic beauty' and 'natural monuments' in the Law, some local public bodies (such as Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture) include another category 'Ruins' in designating their cultural properties.
- その後2005年あたりから、景気回復や立地要件が緩和されたこと等により、企業の進出ペースが速まっており、2007年度中までに文化施設を含めた総立地施設数が100件を超えた。
- Since 2005, business has been recovering, with restrictions on the facility construction sites eased, resulting in an increasing number of companies advancing in to the city; the total number of facilities built so far, including cultural facilities numbered more than 100 during the fiscal year 2007.
- やや犬食いから話が逸れるが、日本に隣接する朝鮮の食文化では食器を持たずに匙で皿の上にすくい上げ、この匙に口(必然的に顔も)を近づけ食べることがマナーにかなったものとされる。
- Wandering from the subject 'Inugui,' but in food culture of Korea adjacent to Japan, scooping food with spoon from the plate without holding plates and move mouth (inevitably, face as well) closer to the spoon is considered to be a good manner.
- 2005年以降は毎年秋に4日間に限って主催の「非公開文化財特別拝観」の一環として、冷泉家住宅の一般公開が行われており、有料ではあるが予約・抽選などは無く誰でも見学ができる。
- Starting in 2005, another step was taken towards opening the Reizei residence to the public, in that now it is opened every autumn--for only four days--for a sponsored 'special viewing of privately owned cultural properties' to the general public, and although an admission fee is charged, now anyone can come examine the building, without reservations or lotteries.
- 有栖川宮幟仁親王(ありすがわのみや たかひとしんのう、文化 (元号)9年1月5日(1812年2月17日) - 明治19年(1886年1月24日))は幕末・明治期の日本の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Takahito (February 17, 1812 - January 24, 1886) was a member of the imperial family from the end of Edo period to Meiji period.
- これに対し、「無形民俗文化財」の指定対象は風俗慣習、民俗芸能、年中行事などの一般庶民の生活、慣習、行事そのものであって、特定の個人や団体を「保持者」として認定することはない。
- On the other hand, those designated as 'intangible folk-cultural properties' are lives, customs and events of commoners themselves, such as manners and customs, folk performing arts and annual observances, for which individuals or organizations are not certified as 'holders.'
- オランダ正月の背景には、8代征夷大将軍徳川吉宗による洋書輸入の一部解禁以降、蘭学研究が次第に盛んとなり、この頃には蘭癖と称されたオランダ文化の愛好家が増加していたことがある。
- As a background to Oranda Shogatsu, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, the eighth Seii Taishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians, great, unifying leader) lifted the ban partially on the import of the western books, which triggered the increasing of Dutch studies and Dutch devotees, called Ranpeki who adored Dutch cultures.
- 源満仲を祭神とする兵庫県川西市多田院にある多田神社では1939年5月、清和源氏一門として崇神崇祖、日本の産業と文化発展、一門の相互親和を図る目的で「清和源氏同族会」を設立した。
- In May 1939, Tada-jinja Shrine, located in Tadain, Kawanishi City, Hyogo Prefecture and enshrining MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka, established 'Seiwa-Genji Dozokukai' (Seiwa-Genji family council) to worship the deity and ancestors as the family of Seiwa-Genji, and for the development of industries and cultures in Japan, and mutual friendship among the family.
- そのため奥州は朝廷における政争と無縁な地帯になり、奥州藤原氏は奥州17万騎と言われた強大な武力と政治的中立を背景に源平合戦の最中も平穏の中で独自の政権と文化を確立する事になる。
- Thus, the Oshu region incurred no effect from the political strife which occurred in the Imperial Court, and even during the middle of the Genpei War, the Oshu Fujiwara clan enjoyed a peace through which it established independent politics and culture backed by its political neutrality and huge military forces, which is said to have reached 170,000 cavalry.
- 正道官衙遺跡(国の史跡)や久世神社、水度神社(いずれも本殿は国の重要文化財)などの歴史的建築物を多数擁するほか、京都サンガF.C.の練習場であるサンガタウン城陽が置かれている。
- The city has a wealth of historic buildings such as the Shodo-kanga-iseki Ruins (ruins designated as a national historical relic site), the Kuse-jinja Shrine (its main shrine being designated as Important Cultural Property) and the Mito-jinja Shrine (its main shrine also being designated as Important Cultural Property), as well as Sanga Town Joyo, a training ground for Kyoto Sanga F.C.
- 1960年代の欧米の文化人やロック (音楽)ミュージシャンの間では、東洋的な思想や宗教が流行したことがあり、中には着物(あるいは着物に似せてデザインした服)を着る者も見られた。
- During the 1960s, there was a trend among western intellectuals and rock musicians to study Eastern Thoughts and religions, and some of them wore Kimono or clothes modeled after Kimono.
- この指定制度は、1975年の文化財保護法の改正によって実現し、1976年5月4日に第1回として30件が指定されて以来、2009年3月11日現在で、合計264件が指定されている。
- This system of designation was established with the revision of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 1975, and since the first round of designations held on May 4, 1976 approved 30 properties, the number of designated properties has increased to a total of 264 as of March 11, 2009.
- 現代では伝統工芸と西洋文化の融合が図られる事例もあり、アメリカ合衆国のスポーツブランドナイキはスポーツ・シューズのストリングの紐に伝統的な平打ちの組み紐の「三分紐」を採用した。
- At present, there is a case of fusion between traditional industrial arts and Western culture, and U.S. sports brand Nike adopted 'Sanbu-himo braid' as strings of its sports shoes.
- 重要美術品の認定が取消されるのは、(1)重要美術品等認定物件が重要文化財に「格上げ」指定された場合と、(2)重要美術品等認定物件の海外輸出が許可された場合の2つに限られている。
- An important art object was to lose its accreditation only in two cases; (1) when it was upgraded by designation to an important cultural property or (2) when its export to a foreign country was permitted.
- こうした西欧を指標として日本との落差を計測する姿勢の背後には、一国の文明化・強国化の要件として国民一人 々 の知識獲得や文化程度の向上を求める単線的な発展史観があったのである。
- On the background of such attitude to judge the gap between Western Europe and Japan from the standard of Western Europe, there was a single-track historical view of development which demands individual's acquisition of knowledge and improvement of culture standard, as the requirements for civilization and enhancement of national power.
- そのため、代わって文化 (元号)4年(1807年)7月に典侍東京極院所生の第四皇子、寛宮恵仁(のちの仁孝天皇)が儲君となることとなったが、その際、寛宮を自身の実子として公称した。
- Due to the Prince's death, instead, it was decided for Tenji (Naishinosuke) (a court lady of the first rank), Higashikyogokuin's fourth Prince, Yutanomiya Ayahito to become Crown Prince in July 1807, the Princess announced Yutanomiya as her own son at this time.
- しかし、文化・文政の最盛期に再び手広く興行を許され、幕府は9年、三府以外にもこれを許可し、1年4回の興行とし、口数を増やし、1ヶ月15口、総口数45口までは許可する方針をとった。
- However at the peak in the Bunka and Bunsei era, it was allowed to be distributed widely and in 1826 the bakufu permitted it in other areas out of Sampu, the Three Urban Prefectures, and 4 times a year and increased the number of items to 15 items a month, total 45 items.
- 石包丁は比較的何処にでもある材料から製作可能であったため、初期の稲作文化においては広く利用されたが、後に加工性に優れ丈夫で鋭い切れ味を持つ青銅器や鉄器の伝播にも伴い廃れていった。
- Because ishi-bocho was able to be made of materials that were found everywhere comparatively, it was used widely in the early stage of rice cultivation culture; however, later on as bronze ware or ironware that permitted various processes with firmness and sharpness spread, it began to be obsolete.
- このため、日宋貿易終焉後、日明貿易成立に至る時期(日本の鎌倉時代後期・南北朝時代 (日本)に相当)も日本と元の間には政治的対立とは全く別に経済的・文化的交流が盛んになっていった。
- Therefore, over the period between the trade between Japan and China's Sung Dynasty ended and the trade between Japan and China's Ming Dynasty was established (between the late Kamakura period and the period of the Northern and Southern Courts in Japan), the economical and cultural exchanges had become active between Japan and the Yuan Dynasty despite of the political tension between the two countries.
- たしかに「元禄時代」というと、のちに「昭和元禄」という語も生まれたほど、天下泰平で町民文化が百花繚乱した豊かな時代というイメージが持たれているが、必ずしも実態はそうではなかった。
- 'The Genroku era' is surely thought of as a time of affluence when the world was peaceful and tranquil and when townspeople's culture blossomed, such that the word 'Showa Genroku' was created later, but in fact that was not necessarily true.
- 高橋秀樹によると、実隆は「中世で一番の著述家」として群を抜いており、実隆なしに中世後期の文化を語ることはできず、『実隆公記』なしに中世後期の歴史を語ることもできない、としている。
- According to Hideki TAKAHASHI, Sanetaka was 'the most excellent writer in the Medieval period' and it is impossible either to discuss the late Medieval culture without mentioning Sanetaka, or to talk about the late Medieval history without 'Sanetaka Koki.'
- 文化面においても、吉川英治が昭和30年代に書いた『私本太平記』は尊氏を主人公としているが読者に広く受け入れられており、尊氏への評価が戦前のものから大きく変化していることがわかる。
- 'Shihon Taiheiki' written by Eiji YOSHIKAWA in the late 1950s had Takauji as a main character, and was accepted by many readers, which suggested that not only the political but also the cultural view of Takauji had shifted very much compared with that before WWII.
- 一方、研究設備や研究成果、教授陣が充実している大学や、関西文化学術研究都市や神戸医療産業都市構想を初めとした産学官連携研究施設が集積しており、経済面の環境が縮小している訳ではない。
- On the other hand, universities with excellent research equipment, research achievements and professors, and research facilities based on industry-academia-government collaboration, including the Kansai Science City and the Kobe Medical Industry Development Project, are concentrated in the area, and it is not the case that the economical environment would decrease their size.
- 陶器としては「なんの変哲もない褐釉小壺」(西田宏子『唐物茶入』まえがき/根津美術館/2005)に過ぎず、これらの微妙な個性に美しさを見出す点は茶道文化の際立った特異性となっている。
- As ceramics, it is nothing more than 'an unremarkable small brown glazed pot'(as referred to in the preface of 'Karamono Chaire' (Chinese-Style Tea Canisters) written by Hiroko NISHIDA/Nezu Museum/2005), and finding beauty in chaire's subtle individuality is remarkably peculiar to tea ceremony culture.
- 必ずしも全ての椀や皿を食事の際に口元に運ばない食文化の上で、食器に顔を突っ込まんばかりに前屈する犬食い姿勢が推奨されているわけでもなく、皿などに口を直接つけることも避けられている。
- It is not necessarily the case that Inugui, eat in a stooped position as if they put their heads into the food, is recommended in food culture where people don't bring bowls and plates to their mouths when they eat, and putting their mouths directly to plates and other utensils is also avoided.
- その後、縄文時代と弥生時代の差を何に求めるべきかという本質的な論争が研究者の間で展開され、集落の形態や墓の形態、水田の有無、土器・石器など物質文化の変化など様々な指標が提案された。
- After that, the essential subject of the difference between the Jomon and Yayoi periods, was argued between researchers and various indicators were proposed, including forms of settlement, forms of graves, presence or absence of paddy fields and changes in artifacts such as earthenware and stoneware.
- また、領国貨幣の中には後世による創作によると考えられる素性の不確かな物も存在し、そのような物も文化 (元号)7年(1810年)刊行の貨幣解説史料である『金銀図録』に掲載されている。
- There are also some doubtful Ryogoku Kahei that are thought to have been created by someone in later generations, and such currencies are also listed on 'Kingin Zuroku' (A Record of Gold and Silver in Picture), which was published in 1810.
- この時代は禅宗寺院での文化的な華やかさとは裏腹に、古き良き御家人時代が終わりを告げ、北条得宗家の独裁、更にその内から得宗家執事の独裁となり、1333年の鎌倉幕府崩壊へと進んでゆく。
- Around this time, contrary to the splendid culture in the Zen sect temples, the old good days of the vassals were brought to an end, and the dictatorship of the Hojo-Tokuso family began, established by the under secretary of Tokuso family, leading to the collapse of the Kamakura bakufu in 1333.
- このため明治政府は条約改正に努力したものの、逆に国粋主義者の一部には外国人を居留地に閉じ込めて、日本の伝統・文化を守るべきだと言う対外硬運動も起きて複雑な展開を見せることもあった。
- The Meiji government exerted great effort to revise the treaties in order to regain sovereignty over the remaining settlements, but one nationalist faction began a movement to insist that on the contrary, Japanese tradition and culture would be best protected by continuing to confine foreigners to the settlements, rendering the situation still more complex.
- 上記のほか、蕪村の俳諧の門弟でパトロンでもあった寺村百池の家に伝わった絵画、短冊、書状等の遺品一括が「与謝蕪村関係資料」として重要文化財に指定されている(1987年指定、個人蔵)。
- In addition to those listed above, the collected paintings, poems, and letters that were passed on to the family of Buson's patron and Haikai student, Hyakuchi TERAMURA, being 'materials related to Buson YOSA,' have been designated an Important Cultural Property (1987, Private Collection).
- しかし、江戸末期から昭和や平成に至るまで、その時代時代の民俗学者の著書の発行と民俗学による権威付けが、妖怪という日本の民族文化の衰退の歯止めとして、一役買ったことは否めないであろう。
- However, from the end of the Edo period until the Showa and Heisei periods, it cannot be denied that publications of books by folklorists of the time and the prestige placed by folklore played a role in preventing the disappearance of yokai as an ethnic culture of Japan.
- こうして徐々に定着した西洋風の食習慣が高度経済成長期以降、国民所得の増加及び食文化の変化とともに家庭へと普及し、現在では日本の家庭の食卓をかざる惣菜等として定着するにまで至っている。
- Western eating habits began to spread in Japanese households gradually in accordance with an increase in national income and a change in food culture following a period of high economic growth, and Yoshoku is now a daily dish in Japanese households.
- 犬食い(いぬぐい)とは、日本の食文化の上で「犬のように食事を食べる」状態を指し、テーブル上にある食器に盛られた料理に、極端な前屈姿勢で顔(口)を突っ込まんばかりに近づけて食べること。
- Inugui refers that 'people eat like a dog' in Japanese food culture and means that people move their faces (mouths) closer to the meal on the table in an extreme stooped position, and eat them as if they put their heads into the food.
- 年紀法を明文化した最初の条文として知られているのは、『御成敗式目』第8条(「雖帯御下文不令知行、経年序所領事」)にある「当知行之後、過二十箇年者、任右大将家之例、不論理非、不能改替。
- The first provision known that the Nenkiho is written in is the 'Goseibai-shikimoku' Article 8 ('Territory with no actual enfeoffment over time under the official document').
- さきの米朝修好通商条約の第一条には「周旋条項」(朝鮮が他国との紛争が起こった場合、アメリカが仲裁することを定めた条項)が挿入されているが、これは勢力均衡を条文化したものといって良い。
- With regards to the first Article of US-Korea Amity and Trade Treaty, there was 'the Article of procurement' (If a conflict occurred between Korea and other countries, the United States will arbitrate the conflict under the terms and conditions of the treaty) and this was provisions which reflected 'Balance of Power.'
- 縄文時代の終りについては、地域差が大きいものの、定型的な水田耕作を特徴とする弥生文化の登場を契機とするが、その年代については紀元前数世紀から紀元前10世紀頃までで、多くの議論がある。
- The end of the Jomon period, that varies greatly in different regions, was marked by the emergence of the Yayoi culture characterized by typical paddy cultivation; however, many scholars have different theories about the date, which was placed sometime between the tenth century B.C. and several centuries B.C.
- なお戦後は同じ日が国民の祝日「文化の日」となったが、これは昭和21年(1946年)の11月3日に日本国憲法が公布されたことに由来し、明治節とは関係なく定められたということになっている。
- After the war, the same day became a national holiday 'Culture Day,' which had, officially, nothing to do with the Meiji festival and had its origin as the day when the Constitution of Japan was announced on November 3, 1946.
- 天長・承和期の淳和天皇と仁明天皇の治世は、学問が興隆し、後世の故実ともなった宮廷儀式が確立するなど、王朝文化が花開いた時期であるが、これらは勅旨田収入に支えられたものと考えられている。
- In the reigns of Emperors Junna and Ninmyo in the Tencho and Showa periods, a royal court culture was in full bloom with academics flourishing as well as court ceremonies that would be practiced in later ages, all supported by the income from Chokushiden.
- 『八犬伝』は江戸時代の戯作文芸の代表作の一つであり、大衆文化への影響力も大きなものであったが、江戸読本への文学的評価の低さもあいまって、長らく文学研究の主要な対象とはされてこなかった。
- 'Hakkenden' is a leading gesaku during the Edo period and has such a great influence on popular culture, but it has not been treated as a major subject of literary study for a long time due to the low literary evaluation of Yomihon during the Edo period.
- 結合釣り針とは複数の部材を縛り合わせた大型の釣り針で、同じ発想のものは古代ポリネシアでも用いられていたが、この文化圏のそれは韓半島東岸のオサンリ型結合釣り針と一部分布域が重なっている。
- The assembled fishing needle was the large fishing needle made of several different components tied together and the fishing needle conceived from the same idea was used in ancient Polynesia; however, the distribution range of the fishing needle found in this cultural region overlaps the region in the east shore of the South Korean peninsula where the Osanri-type assembled fishing needle was found.
- これは戦時体制下で過度に利用されたが、皇国史観それ自体は極度に否定されるものではなく、長い日本の歴史の歩みの中で国民に継承されてきた伝統、文化的な価値観として肯定的に評価するものである。
- Although it was overly exploited by the wartime regime, the Kokoku Shikan (an emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto) itself should not be seen as something to be vehemently denied, but as something that should be positively valued as representing cultural values that have been passed down from one generation of the Japanese people to the next over the course of Japan's long history.
- 3. 「わざ」の性格上個人的特色が薄く、かつ、多数の者が体得している「わざ」が全体として1つの無形文化財を構成している場合に、その人々が構成員となっている団体を認定する「保持団体認定」。
- 3. 'Hojidantai nintei' refers to giving a group holder recognition to a group, when all members corporate to create intangible cultural property, bringing their individual skills altogether, rather than emphasizing each individuality.
- また、明治政府が行う文明開化、殖産興業政策による西洋技術・文化の輸入、朝鮮出兵を巡る征韓論で政府が紛糾し、明治六年の政変で西郷隆盛、江藤新平、板垣退助らが下野すると士族層に影響を与えた。
- Inside Meiji government, there were heated debates over civilization and enlightenment, over technical and cultural import through the policy of encouragement of new industry and over Seikanron (debate on subjugation of Korea) to dispatch Japanese troops to Korea, which were led by the government itself, and the resignation of Takamori SAIGO, Shinpei ETO and Taisuke ITAGAKI after the political upheaval of the 6th year of Meiji influenced the thought of people from warrior class.
- 江戸時代には加藤磐斎の『徒然草抄』(1661年、寛文1年)北村季吟の『徒然草文段抄』(1667年、寛文7年)といった注釈書が書かれ、町人などに愛読されて江戸期の文化に多大な影響を及ぼした。
- During the Edo period, it became popular with the townspeople, having a great influence on Edo culture; Bansai KATO wrote 'Tsurezuregusa sho' (a commentary on Tsurezuregusa) in 1661 and Kigin KITAMURA wrote a commentary called 'Tsurezuregusa mondan sho' in 1667.
- 官職は奈良時代に法文化された当時はその本来の意味を有していたが、平安時代に入ると新しく血脈的な尊卑をも表現するようになり、ひいては家格の象徴となり、国家的な意味はほとんどなくなってしまう。
- At the time when government posts were put into statutory form in the Nara Period, they kept their original meanings, but in the Heian Period, they started to represent high or low lineage as well and became symbols of Kakaku (family status), and lost the original meaning as government posts of Japan.
- その後、文化13年(1816年)1月に再び第七皇子悦仁親王を出産するが、こちらも文政4年(1821年)2月に6歳で夭折し、これにより、中御門天皇からの皇統は完全に途絶えてしまうこととなった。
- After that she again gave birth to the seventh Prince, Imperial Prince Toshihito in January 1816, however the young Prince also died when he was just six years old in February 1821, due to this, the Imperial succession from Emperor Nakamikado finally discontinued.
- ハモの水揚げが多くない京都においてなぜハモを食べる文化が発達したかについては、輸送技術が発達していなかった頃、夏に京都まで生きたまま輸送できた、生命力の非常に強い数少ない魚だったことによる。
- The reason why Kyoto, even though conger pike is not caught in the area so much, has developed a tradition to eat it is because it is one of the handful of fish with very strong vitality which could be transported live to Kyoto in the summer before modern high-speed transport developed.
- 文政13年(1830年)喜多村信節『嬉遊笑覧』に「文化(1804-1817年)のはじめ頃、深川六軒ぼりに、松がすしが出来て、世上すしの風一変し」とあるが、この「一変」には二つの解釈ができる。
- 'Kiyoshoran' (an en encyclopedic book on cultures) written in 1830 by Nobuyo KITAMURA pointed out that 'the Matsugasushi, having started operations in Fukagawa rokken bori early in the Bunka era (1804-1817), changed the sushi world completely,' which 'changed completely' can be interpreted in two ways.
- 岸本由豆流は、のち、『土佐日記考証』(文化 (元号)12(1815年)年ごろか)をあらわし、諸抄を取捨選択、綿密な考証をこころみ、富士谷御杖は『土佐日記灯』をあらわして一大研究をうちたてた。
- Yuzuru KISHIMOTO later published 'A Study of the Tosa Diary' (around 1815), picking and choosing some abstracts and checking them very closely, while Mitsue FUJITANI wrote her major work, 'Study of the Tosa Diary.'
- 周辺には比叡山延暦寺やその門前町の坂本 (大津市)、日吉大社、堅田の浮御堂、園城寺(三井寺)、また市内には紫式部で有名な石山寺などもあり、歴史ゆかりの文化財が多く、観光拠点としては最適である。
- There are many cultural properties, which associated with the history of Japan, such as Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei (比叡山延暦寺), Monzen-machi (門前町) (a temple town) in Sakamoto (Otsu City), Hiyoshi-taisha Shrine (日吉大社), Ukimi-do (浮御堂) in Katata (Otsu City), Onjo-ji Temple (Mii-dera Temple) (園城寺 [三井寺]), and Ishiyama-dera Temple (石山寺), which is famous for Murasaki Shikibu (紫式部), and thus, the area is the best base for sightseeing.
- 同じ研究都市である筑波研究学園都市が茨城県つくば市1市のみに位置しているのに対して、学研都市は3府県8市町にもまたがっており、12の文化学術研究地区や周辺地区を統括することが難しくなっている。
- Tsukuba Science City, also a science-based city, is located within a city, but Kansai Science City is located across eight cities or towns of three prefectures, making is difficult to centrally control the twelve cultural and academic research zones and the peripheral area.
- 井上と伊藤博文らは日本人がこうした扱いから免れるようになるためには、欧米と同じ文化水準である事を海外に示さない限りはまともな外交交渉の相手としても認められないという事実に気づいていたのである。
- INOUE and Hirobumi ITO found the truth that Japanese could not be recognized as a respectable partner of diplomatic negotiations until they showed the people abroad that they kept the same level of culture as Europe and America to avoid such treatment.
- 化政文化にはさらに演出が変化し、黒服で天狗の面をつけていた者がいきなり豪華な衣装の盗賊に代わるなど、演技の途中で役者の衣装を引きぬいて別の人物に変えるといった視覚的な変化を追究するようになった。
- In the Kasei (1804 - 1928) culture era, the nature of the performance changed further, resulting in visual changes where the costumes of the actors on stage were removed during their performances to alter their roles to that of other characters: For example, the actor who wore a face mask for a tengu (long-nosed goblin) in a black costume suddenly changed into a bandit in a gorgeous costume.
- 閑院宮愛仁親王(かんいんのみや なるひとしんのう、文化 (元号)15年1月13日 (旧暦)(1818年2月17日) - 天保13年9月17日 (旧暦)(1842年10月20日))は、江戸時代の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Kanin-no-miya Naruhito (February 17, 1818 – October 20, 1842) was a member of the Imperial family who lived in the Edo period.
- しかし西洋文化が浸透した昭和末から平成にかけては、原義に近いニュアンスで使用されることは少なくなり、むしろこの語が流行した時代風俗を象徴したり、懐古調の雰囲気を出すために使用されることが多くなった。
- However, from the late Showa period to the Heisei period, when western culture became widespread, the word was less frequently used in its original meaning, rather used frequently in symbolizing the fashions of the time when this word became popular or in producing a retrospective atmosphere.
- 前時代までの刀剣が、中国や朝鮮半島からの伝来品か、それらを模して国内で作られたものが多かったのに比べ、平安時代に入ると国風文化の進展に伴い、伝来品を下敷きとしつつも我国独自の様式が形作られていった。
- Whereas most of the swords before the Heian period were either imported from China or the Korean Peninsula, or modeled after them and domestically produced, swords in the Heian period and after saw development of styles original to Japan deriving from those imports.
- 五島美術館蔵の国宝・源氏物語絵巻は、実業家益田孝(鈍翁)の旧蔵で、1935年5月20日に重要美術品に認定、1952年3月29日付(官報告示は同年10月16日)で重要文化財、同日付で国宝に指定された。
- Genji monogatari emaki (the Illustrated Handscroll of the Tale of Genji), a national treasure in the collection of the Gotoh Museum, which used to be possessed by Takashi MASUDA, a businessman (known under the name Donnou), was accredited as an important art object on May 20, 1935, and was designated as an important cultural property and as a national treasure at the same time on March 29, 1952 (announced on an official gazette on October 16 of the same year).
- 使いを遣わして貢物を献じた目的として、中国大陸の文明・文化を摂取すると共に、南朝の威光を借りることによって、当時の日本列島中西部の他の諸勢力、朝鮮半島諸国との政治外交を進めるものがあったと考えられる。
- The purpose of dispatching envoys and presenting tribute seems to have been to develop a political diplomacy with the other powers in the mid-western part of Japanese archipelago and Korean peninsula with the help of the prestige of the Southern Dynasty, as well as absorbing the civilization and caulture of the Chinese continent.
- 天武と持統の間から生まれた草壁皇子の子孫は奈良時代の皇統となって平城京で政治・文化の担い手になったが、称徳天皇を最後に断絶してしまい、皇統は天智天皇系(すなわち白壁王、のちの光仁天皇)に戻る事となった。
- The descendant of Prince Kusakabe, who was a child between Emperor Tenmu and Emperor Jito, became the main Imperial blood line during the Nara period and was actively involved in politics and culture, however the Imperial line was discontinued after Emperor Shotoku was the last Emperor, the Imperial line was returned to Emperor Tenchi/Tenji's line (Prince Shirakabe, later became Emperor Konin).
- 近年は関西文化学術研究都市として、更に大阪市や京都市、奈良市などへのベッドタウンとして丘陵が宅地開発されてきたことから人口流入が増え平成16年度の人口増加数は1290人、人口伸率は4.0%に達している。
- As a town of the Kansai Science City and a bedroom community for Osaka City, Kyoto City, and Nara City, the hillsides in the area have been developed for housing: as a result, the town has experienced a population influx and increased the population by 1,290 in the fiscal year of 2005 (from April 2004 to March 2005) with a population growth rate of 4.0 percent.
- 埋蔵文化財包蔵地内を分布調査して土器片を採集したり、調査した結果、遺物が出土した場合、これを発見した日から一週間以内に遺失物法第13条によって所轄の警察署に届け出ることになっている(「埋蔵物発見届」)。
- When any earthenware fragment is collected by a distribution survey conducted in the archaeological and/or historical subsoil or any relic is excavated as a result of an investigation, the finder shall notify the local police station of the discovery within one (1) week of the day of discovery under Article 13 of the Lost Property Act ('report on discovery of hidden treasure').
- 物語は文化 (日本)二年 (1805) に処刑になった盗賊・鬼坊主清吉の講釈ネタに、安政二年 (1856) の江戸城御金蔵破り事件をからめ、剣客・八重垣紋三の逸話と初春恒例の曾我兄弟の対面を付け加えたもの。
- It is based on a koshaku (narration of a story) about the robber Seikichi ONIBOZU, who was executed in 1805, and also includes the incident of Edo-jo Castle Gokinzo Yaburi (Theft of the shogun's gold) in 1856, anecdotes of the expert swordsman Monzo YAEGAKI, and the scene of the Soga brothers' encounter which was often performed as a new year's program.
- 紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道(きいさんちのれいじょうとさんけいみち)は、和歌山県・奈良県・三重県にまたがる3つの霊場と参詣道(熊野古道、大峯奥駈道、高野山町石道)を登録対象とする世界遺産(文化遺産_(世界遺産))。
- Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range is a World Heritage (Cultural heritage) registered for the three sacred sites and pilgrimage routes (Kumano-kodo Road, Omine Okugake-michi Road, Koyasan Choishi-michi Road) in Kii Mountain Range straddling Wakayama, Nara, Mie Prefectures.
- 現代的大衆文化に基づいて著される妖怪図鑑や画集では、雲外鏡は腹に鏡をつけた(腹が鏡になっている)化け狸のような姿の妖怪であるとか、自らの体に様々なものを映し出すことができる、などと解説されることが少なくない。
- Based on the modern mass media culture, picture books of ghosts or collections of paintings of ghosts distort the form of Ungaikyo into, for example, a ghost like raccoon dog disguised as a mirror (a raccoon dog whose body incorporates a mirror), or a ghost that can project various images on its own body.
- また、文化面でも「改良」運動が官民ぐるみで盛んになり、1883年に矢田部良吉・外山正一による「羅馬字会」や同じく渋沢栄一・森有礼による「演劇改良会」が結成され、また欧米を真似て学会を創設する動きも盛んになった。
- Additionally, concerning a cultural aspect, activities of 'improvement' were actively addressed by the government and the people in harmony, and the 'Romaji Club' (supporting the use of Romaji [Roman alphabet]) by Ryokichi YATABE and Masakazu TOYAMA, and the 'Engeki Kairyo Kai' (Society for Theatre Reform) by Eichi SHIBUSAWA and Arinori MORI were set up in 1883, and another thing, a movement for creating academic societies became popular to imitate Europe and America.
- 文化および工業都市・京は平安京以来の都であり、応仁の乱によって大打撃を受けたものの、依然として朝廷や仏教の有力宗派のうちのいくつかの本山などが設置され、学術・芸術・宗教の面では当時の日本を代表する都市であった。
- Kyoto, currently known as the cultural and industrial center, had been the national capital since the period of Heian-kyo with the Imperial Court and the headquarters of a numerous leading Buddhist sects, despite the serious setbacks suffered in the Onin War, and it was the city representing Japan as the center of the academic activities, arts and religion at that time,
- 鷹司 祺子(たかつかさ やすこ、文化 (元号)8年2月25日 (旧暦)(1811年3月19日) - 弘化4年10月13日 (旧暦)(1847年11月20日))、のちの皇太后 祺子は、江戸時代後期の仁孝天皇の女御。
- Yasuko TAKATSUKASA (March 19, 1811 - November 20, 1847), later the Empress Dowager Yasuko, was the nyogo (a court title of the emperor's consort) of the Emperor Ninko during the late Edo period.
- 綿密な構成と、大学之助と太平次という冷酷な主人公の性格描写もさることながら、登場人物が三十人近もく殺され、大詰をのぞいて、善人たちが全滅するという異常な内容は、化政期の爛熟から頽廃に傾きかけた文化を体現している。
- In addition to its elaborate structure and description of the ruthless main characters, Daigakunosuke and Taheiji, its unusual story where nearly thirty characters are killed and all good people die except for the final act, embodies the mature culture of Kasei era falling into decadence.
- 平成18年からは、次世代の大正琴音楽文化を担う後継者育成のため流派を問わず参加できる「全国子供大正琴コンクール」をスタートさせたほか、大正琴愛好者に最も好まれた曲を歌った歌手に贈られる「大正琴音楽大賞」も創設した。
- From 2006, in order to foster the next generation of players who will promote the music culture of taishogoto, a 'Nationwide Children's Taishogoto Contest,' open to players from any school was launched and the 'Taishogoto Ongaku Taisho' was established, and is given to the singer who sings the song most liked by taishogoto fans.
- それとは対照的に清代中期の趙翼はその著『二十二史箚記』の中で世の中が昇平であり経済的な繁栄があったことで世の人々が文化を求め風雅を愛好するようになり、文人を歓迎し世評を高めさせることに繋がったという見方をしている。
- On the contrary, CHO Yoku who lived in the middle of the Qing Dynasty described in his book 'Niju-ni shi sakki' (Reading memo on twenty-two historical books) that since society had been peaceful and enjoyed economic prosperity, people came to seek cultural life and love elegance and taste, which led to the tendency to welcome Bunjin and rise their social status.
- 石毛直道・ケネス・ラドル著『魚醤とナレズシの研究 モンスーン・アジアの食事文化』(1990年)では、東北タイ王国やミャンマーあたりの平野部をあげ、水田地帯で稲作と共に成立した魚介類の保存方法が後に伝わったとしている。
- 'Dietary Culture in Monsoon Asia based on the Research on fish sauce (soy sauce-like fish sauce) and Nare-zushi' (1990) written by Naomichi ISHIGE and Kenneth RUDDLE took plains in the northwestern part of Kingdom of Thailand and in Myanmar for instance, and described that the method to preserve seafood which was established along with rice cropping in paddy lands was handed down to subsequent generations.
- 第4代藩主・織田長清の頃には長清自身が優れた文化人であったことも影響して藩校・遷喬館が設立され、藩士に文武が奨励され、さらに長清によって織田氏や信長の記録である織田真記15巻が編纂されるなど、芝村藩は全盛期を迎えた。
- During the time of Nagakiyo ODA, the fourth lord of the domain, the domain school Senkyokan was established by the influence of Nagakiyo who was a man of culture, and both literary and military arts were encouraged to the clansmen; furthermore, 15 volumes of Oda Shinki, which was records of Oda clan and Nobunaga were compiled by Nagakiyo; thus, the cultural activities in the domain reached its peak.
- しかし、のちに麺類としてのそばが普及したこと、またそばとそば屋が独自の文化を育む母体となっていったこと、脚気防止のためにそばが好まれたことなどにより、うどんは江戸における麺類の主流としての地位をそばに取って代わられる。
- However, Udon noodles lost its position as the leading noodles by making room for Soba for the following reasons: (1) Soba became popular noodles later, (2) Soba and Soba shops created a unique culture, (3) people willingly ate Soba for fear of contracting beriberi, and so on.
- 明治時代初期の歌壇は、御歌所派や桂園派などの江戸期からの伝統的な文化人たちが担ってきたが、和歌改革を志す人々(正岡子規や与謝野鉄幹ら)によって題詠による作歌・風雅な趣向が批判され、新時代に相応しい新しい和歌が生まれた。
- Highly educated people of the early Meiji period played important roles in the Tanka Composers' Society, as represented by the Outadokoro School and Keien School, but people who intended waka reform (Shiki MASAOKA, Tekkan YOSANO, and so on) criticized both the style and elegant poetic devices of daiei (poetry composed on a given theme), and thus there emerged a new style of waka suitable for the new era.
- 享和3年9月3日(1803年10月18日)に家慶と婚約が治定、翌文化 (元号)元年9月3日(1804年10月6日)、幕府の希望により喬子女王まだ数えで10歳にして江戸へ下向、以後婚儀までの5年間を江戸城西ノ丸にて過ごす。
- Takako was engaged to Ieyoshi on October 18, 1803, then on October 6, 1804, when she was only nine years old, she left the capital Kyoto to move to Edo as the favor of the bakufu, and lived in the Nishinomaru compound of Edo-jo Castle until the wedding five years later.
- しかし明治27年に勃発した日清戦争を契機に大阪は「東洋のマンチェスター」と呼ばれる日本最大の商工業都市に発展し、神戸は東洋最大の港湾都市へ飛躍するなど、再び日本における文化・経済の中心地となった(阪神間モダニズムも参照)。
- However, through the Sino-Japanese War which broke out in 1894, Osaka developed into the largest industrial and commercial city in Japan, called the 'Manchester of the East,' while Kobe had rapidly progressed to become the largest port city in the East, causing the cities to once more be the center of culture and economy in Japan (also refer to the Hanshin-kan Modernism).
- 上述のように、文化財保護法第2条第1項第4号では、「記念物」に遺跡、庭園、自然的景観(名勝地)、貴重な生物および地質鉱物を含めており、同法の第7章(第109条-第133条)「史跡名勝天然記念物」に、その取り扱いを定めている。
- As mentioned above, according to Article 2, Paragraph 1, Item (4) of the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties, ruins, gardens, natural landscapes (places of scenic beauty), and valuable living organisms, geographical features and minerals are included in the scope of 'monuments' and Chapter VII (Articles 109-133) of the Law stipulates protection and management of 'historic sites and places of scenic beauty as natural monuments.'
- これは、太平の庶民文化の隆盛から、口碑伝承のないこの時代の作家に創作された妖怪の類の氾濫と、杉浦日向子などの江戸時代研究家や学者が説明する「江戸時代は世界に類を見ない資源還元(リサイクル)社会であった」という事実と合致する。
- The above coincides with the fact that many apparitions were created by painters in this period, a peaceful time in which the culture of ordinary people was prosperous and folklore did not exist, and that 'the Edo period was a recycling society without parallel in the world' as researchers of the Edo period, such as Hinako SUGIURA, have pointed out.
- 25年には一転して強硬な異国船打払令(文政令)が出され、文化5年(1808年)にはイギリス船が長崎へ上陸して食料を奪うフェートン号事件が起こり、1837年には浦賀に侵入したアメリカ商船に大砲が打たれるモリソン号事件が起こる。
- In a turn of events, a strict edict known as the Order for the Repelling of Foreign Ships was issued in 1825 following the 1808 Phaeton Incident in which a British ship pillaged food in Nagasaki; by 1837 the Morrison Incident occurred in which an American ship sailing into Uraga was attacked by cannon.
- 普仏戦争敗北と第二帝政の崩壊、かわって樹立された革命政府パリ・コミューンとドイツ軍によるその鎮圧という、混乱の真ただ中にパリに到着した西園寺は、以後10年近くにわたってフランスやヨーロッパの知識や思想、文化を吸収していった。
- Saionji, who arrived in Paris amidst the chaos of France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, the fall of the Second Empire, and the rise of The Revolution Government (the Paris Commune) in its stead, and the suppression of it by the German forces, absorbed French and European knowledge, ideology and culture over almost the next 10 years.
- 日本における宗教の信者数は、文化庁「宗教年鑑」によると、神道系が約1億600万人、仏教系が約9,600万人、キリスト教系が約200万人、その他約1,100万人、合計2億1,500万人となり、日本の総人口の2倍弱の信者数になる。
- According to 'Annual Statistics of Religion' (Shukyo Nenkan) issued by the Agency for Cultural Affairs, there are around 106 million Shintoists, around 96 million Buddhists, around 2 million Christians, and around 11million followers of other religions in Japan, adding up to 215 million people, or nearly twice the total population of Japan, belonging to any religion.
- 外務卿(後の外務大臣 (日本))井上馨を中心として条約改正の実現のために、憲法などの法典編纂と並行して、日本の文化をヨーロッパ風にすることで彼らが国際法の適用対象として見なす文明国の一員であることを認めさせようとしたのである。
- They, led by Kaoru INOUE, Gaimukyo (chief of Foreign Ministry, the later Minister of Foreign Affairs [in Japan]), attempted to get recognized as part of civilized nations, regarded as subject to international law by Europeanizing Japanese culture in tandem with work on the compilation of a legal code such as The Constitution of Japan to achieve the revision of a treaty.
- 財団法人冷泉家時雨亭文庫(れいぜいけしぐれていぶんこ)は、藤原定家の子孫であり、歌道の家として知られる冷泉家(上冷泉家)に伝わる古写本、建築、年中行事などの文化遺産を保存し、冷泉流古今伝授を継承することを目的として設立された。
- The Foundation for the Reizei family's Shigure-tei library was founded by the descendants of FUJIWARA no Teika; it was created both to store and protect the cultural treasures, including old manuscripts, architectural items, and reports of annual events that had been passed down in the Reizei family, which was well known as a poetic family, and for the purpose of instructing succeeding generations in the Reizei school of kokin denju, or interpretation of the poetry in the Kokinshu.
- 仁孝天皇(にんこうてんのう、寛政12年2月21日(1800年3月16日) - 弘化3年1月26日(1846年2月21日))は、第120代天皇(在位 文化 (元号)14年9月21日(1817年10月31日) - 弘化3年1月26日)。
- Emperor Ninko (March 16, 1800 - February 21, 1846) was the 120th Emperor (his reign was from October 31, 1817 to February 21, 1846).
- 当初は無宿である者のみを送ったが、天明8年(1788年)には敲や入墨の刑に処されたが身元保証人がいない者、文化(元号)2年(1805年)には人足寄場での行いが悪い者、追放刑を受けても改悛する姿勢が見えない者まで送られるようになった。
- Though at first only homeless people were sent, the scope of who could be sent gradually widened, beginning in 1788 with those who had been punished with flogging or tattooing and had no personal guarantor, continuing in 1805 with those who had acted poorly at their work-houses, and finally extending to those who had shown no contrition for their crimes even after enduring exile.
- ところが、今度は株持ち酒屋たちと彼らに政治献金を受けている幕閣たちの激しい抵抗が起こり、幕府はみたび文化11年(1828年)、無株者と休株の酒蔵、ならびにこれから新規に酒造りに参入しようと志す者は次の示達あるまで酒造りを禁ずるとした。
- But, this time facing fierce resistance from kabumochi breweries and cabinet officials of the Shobunate who received political donations from them, the bakufu issued the third order in 1828 to forbid mukabumono and yasumikabu breweries and those who were planning to start sake brewing business from brewing sake until the next order would be given.
- 京都国立博物館収蔵の「」(重要文化財)は南北朝時代 (日本)のものだが、江戸時代中頃になっても「江戸の粋」を凝縮した歌舞伎の傑作『助六』で助六の腰にあるのは「一つ印籠と鮫鞘」となっており、その存在は日本刀の芸術性とは不可分のものだった。
- The 'Botanzukuri Kairagi Zamesaya Koshigatana' (important cultural property) housed in the Kyoto National Museum is from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), but even in the mid Edo period, Sukeroku, who is the hero in the Kabuki masterpiece 'Sukeroku' featuring the Edo idea of stylishness, carried 'an inro (pill case) and samezaya' on his waist, suggesting samezaya being a part of the artistic aspect of Japanese swords.
- 伊能は文化15年(1818年)に完成を待たずに死去するが、その喪は伏せられ、師・高橋至時の子である高橋景保(1785年 - 1829年)が仕上げ作業を監督し、文政4年7月10日 (旧暦)(1821年8月7日)「大日本沿海輿地全図」が完成。
- INO passed away in 1818 before the map was completed, but his death was hidden and Kageyasu TAKAHASHI (1785 - 1829), a son of his master Yoshitoki TAKAHASHI, led the finishing operation until 'Dainihon Enkaiyochi Zenzu' was completed on August 7, 1821.
- このような大衆文化が開花に時期にはクラシック音楽ではアルトゥーロ・トスカニーニ、セルゲイ・ラフマニノフ、アルフレッド・コルトー、エンリコ・カルーソー、ティノ・ロッシなどの優れた音楽家、ピアニスト、歌手が活躍し、日本でも人気を博していった。
- While the mass culture was blooming as stated above, a number of musicians - conductors, composers, pianists and singers such as Arturo Toscanini, Sergei Rachmaninov, Alfred Cortot, Enrico Caruso and Tino Rossi - took a lively part in the classical music field and increasingly gained popularity in Japan as well.
- 明治政府の外交政策にとって、この是正は重要な課題のひとつとなるが、逆に一部の国粋主義者からは居留地の存在が外国の思想や宗教から日本の伝統・文化を守る防壁になっているという見地からの存続論も登場して複雑な論争を招くことになった(内地雑居)。
- While this change was an important policy issue for the Meiji government, complicated disputes arose among some nationalists as to whether the settlements acted as a bulwark protecting Japanese tradition and culture from foreign ideas and religion.
- かれはドイツ帝国に留学したが、ドイツには「文化記念物」(クルトゥール・デンクマール de:Kulturdenkmal)と「自然記念物」(ナトゥール・デンクマール de:Naturdenkmal)の分類があり、このうちの後者の概念を輸入した。
- He studied in the German Empire, which had categories of 'de: Kulturdenkmal' (Cultural Monument) and 'de: Naturdenkmal' (Natural Monument), and he took in the concept of the latter category.
- 神戸市街地は1945年に大空襲を受けたため、現在の神戸市役所西側一帯にあった居留地時代(1899年以前)の建物で残っているのは旧居留地十五番館(旧アメリカ合衆国領事館、国の重要文化財)が唯一で、多く残る近代ビル建築は主に大正時代のものである。
- The urban areas of Kobe were devastated by the great air raids in 1945, so building No. 15 of the former settlement (the former consulate of the United States, and an important cultural property of Japan) was the only building left standing among those built in the settlement period (that is, before 1899) in the western area of the settlement, which corresponds to the vicinity of the present-day city hall of Kobe; most of the modern-era buildings that remain standing were built in the Taisho period.
- 二・二六事件や五・十五事件以降の軍部の台頭と政党政治の終焉以降の1930年代後半ころには、日中戦争の激化と世界的な国際関係の緊張を受け国家総動員法となり、これらの文化は「軟弱で贅沢」「反“新体制”的」として排斥され、昭和モダンは終わりを迎える。
- In the latter half of 1930s, after the ascendancy of the military and the end of the party politics following the Incident of February 26 and the Incident of May 15, the Sino-Japanese War intensified and the international tensions ran high, which led to the promulgation of the National Mobilization Law, and, against such a background, the culture described so far was criticized as being 'weak and wasteful' and 'against the 'new order',' and Showa-modern was terminated.
- 後桜町天皇(ごさくらまちてんのう、元文5年8月3日(1740年9月23日) - 文化10年11月2日(1813年12月24日))は第117代天皇(在位:宝暦12年7月27日(1762年9月15日)- 明和7年11月24日(1771年1月9日))。
- Empress Gosakuramachi (September 23, 1740 - December 24, 1813) was the hundred seventeenth Emperor, her reign was from September 15, 1762 - January 9, 1771.
- 重要伝統的建造物群保存地区(じゅうようでんとうてきけんぞうぶつぐんほぞんちく)は、日本の文化財保護法第144条に基づき、市町村が条例等により決定した「伝統的建造物群保存地区」のうち、特に価値が高いものとして国(文部科学大臣)が選定したものを指す。
- The preservation districts for groups of important historic buildings refer to 'Historic Buildings Preservation Areas' ordained by local authorities under Article 144 of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties of Japan, of which the state (Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) selects those which are especially important.
- 紫式部も『紫式部日記』で斎院に仕える女房を非難しつつ、内親王その人の人柄のゆかしさや斎院御所の風雅で神さびた趣深さは認めており、平安女流文学の最高峰であるこの二人の証言から見ても、内親王の時代の斎院が宮中に次ぐ文化サロンであったことは疑いないであろう。
- Murasaki Shikibu assaulted women who worked as Saiin in 'The Murasaki Shikibu Diary,' but she admitted the polite personality of the Imperial Princess and artistic and mysterious elegance of the imperial palace of Saiin, so from the evidence presented by these two top-level Heian female authors, there was no doubt that it was a cultural salon second to the imperial court during the period of the Imperial Princess.
- 早世した草壁皇子だが、両親・妻・息子・娘と近親者(さらに次女・吉備内親王の夫、長屋王も実際は特例として親王待遇を受け、皇位継承権があったとの説が指摘されている)の殆どが皇位につき、彼の子孫達は天武系の嫡流として奈良時代における文化・政治の担い手となった。
- Prince Kusakabe died at an early age, however, most of his families including his parents, wife, sons, daughters and close relatives took throne (moreover the theory that Prince Nagaya, who was the husband of his second daughter Imperial Princess Kibi was also treated as Imperial Prince as a special case and had the right of succession to the Imperial Throne has been pointed out), while his descendants became bearers of culture and politics as main branch of the Imperial line from the Emperor Tenmu in Nara Period.
- 記念物における二段階指定制度とは、文化財保護法において記念物として扱われる史跡、名勝、天然記念物のそれぞれに対し、国指定のものに関しては、「特に重要なもの」を選抜して「特別」の名を冠し、特別史跡、特別名勝、特別天然記念物の名称で指定する制度のことをいう。
- 'Two-stage designation of monuments,'is a system in which, in respect of historic sites, places of scenic beauty and natural monuments defined as 'monuments' by the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties, monuments selected as 'especially important' among those designated by the national government are classified into the categories prefixed with 'Special' to call them 'Special Historic Site,' 'Special Place of Scenic Beauty' or 'Special Natural Monument,' respectively.
- 昭和61年(1986年)から平成元年(1989年)にかけて、奈良市二条大路南のそごうデパート建設予定地で奈良文化財研究所による発掘調査が行われ、昭和63年(1988年)に奈良時代の貴族邸宅址が大量の木簡(長屋王家木簡)とともに発見され、長屋王邸と判明した。
- Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties carried out excavation and research at a planned construction site of a Sogo department store at Nijo-oji Street Minami, Nara City, in 1986 to 1989, and found the ruins of a residence of a noble in Nara period, which was proved to be the residence of Prince Nagaya, together with a lot of mokkan (long and narrow wood plates written with a brush) (mokkan of the Prince Nagaya family) in 1988.
- 光格天皇(こうかくてんのう、明和8年8月15日(1771年9月23日) - 天保11年11月18日(1840年12月11日))は、江戸時代の第119代天皇(在位:安永8年11月9日(1779年12月16日) - 文化14年3月22日(1817年5月7日))。
- Emperor Kokaku (September 23, 1771 - December 11, 1840), the 119th Emperor, reigned during the Edo period from December 16, 1779 to May 7, 1817.
- 吉左衛門を「家長様」と呼んでいた事に象徴されるように、上は総理事から下は一般社員までに至る吉左衛門に対する敬愛の念はすこぶる高く、歴代吉左衛門もまた、一方では文化事業を通じて住友の名を高め、他方では家長・財閥本社社長として企業モラルの引き締めの任に当たっていた。
- As symbolized by the fact that Kichizaemon was called 'Kacho-sama,' extremely high respect was accorded to the Kichizaemon, from the high-ranking position of head of the directors down to the rank and file, and the successive Kichizaemon elevated the Sumitomo name through the cultural enterprise on one hand while on the other hand trying to raise the corporate morale as the family head and president of the Zaibatsu main company.
- 井上馨は度々ヨーロッパを視察して、現地では日本人が「見た目」によって半未開の人種として実は「珍獣扱い」されているという事実に気づいていた(事実、欧米での初期日本研究は文化人類学・民族学の範疇に属しており、自分たちとは違う人種として研究対象とされていたのである)。
- Kaoru INOUE actually noticed the fact that Japanese were treated as 'exotic beasts' as half undeveloped species judged from the appearances in Europe as he visited there many times (in fact, the early study of Japan in Europe and America fell into the categories of cultural anthropology and ethnology, and they were considered as the research object as the different race).
- 「埋蔵文化財として扱う範囲の一基準の要素」として、「遺跡の時代・種類を主たる要素とし、遺跡の所作する地域の歴史的な特性、文献資料 (歴史学)・図像資料・民俗資料その他の資料との補完関係、遺跡の遺存状況、遺跡から得られる情報量等を副次的要素とする」よう指示がなされた。
- The notice also indicated that as 'elements of one standard as the scope of buried cultural properties,' 'the age and type of a remain be regarded as the principal element and historic features of the region the remain is located, the complementary relationship between literal data (history), pictures and figures, folklore materials and other materials, the situation existing remnant of the remain, and the amount of information obtained from such site be the secondary elements.'
- この指定制度が発足した背景には、平凡な人々のあいだに繰り返されてきた伝承文化が保護の対象になる、という考え方が定着したことにもよるが、昨今の社会の急激な変貌により、営々として長期にわたって継承されてきた「民間伝承」が、今絶滅の危機に瀕しているという問題意識によるところも大きい。
- This designation system was introduced in part because of the increasing belief that traditional culture passed down from generation to generation by ordinary people is to be protected, but mostly due to awareness that well-established 'folk traditions' with a long history have been put in danger of disappearing by drastic changes in society in recent years.
- 2006年11月に奈良県他により「飛鳥・藤原-古代日本の宮都と遺跡群」として暫定リスト追加掲載の提案が行われ、翌2007年1月23日、文化庁が富岡製糸場(群馬県富岡市など)、富士山(山梨県・静岡県)、長崎の教会群とキリスト教関連遺産(長崎県長崎市など)とともに追加申請を決めた。
- Nara Prefecture and others proposed the additional inscription of 'Asuka-Fujiwara: Archaeological sites of Japan's Ancient Capitals and Related Properties' on the Tentative List in November 2006 and the Agency for Cultural Affairs decided to apply for it together with Tomioka Seishi-jo (Tomioka Silk Mill) (Tomioka City, Gunma Prefecture, etc.), Mt. Fuji (Yamanashi Prefecture, Shizuoka Prefecture) and Churches and Christian Sites in Nagasaki (Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, etc.) on January 23, 2007.
- また、倭は長い交流を通じて中国の社会制度・文化や外交儀礼に詳しいはずなのに、初期の遣隋使派遣では、ヤマト王権は外交儀礼に疎く、国書も持たず遣使したとされる(第1回遣隋使派遣は『日本書紀』に記載がなく『隋書』にあるのみ、また『日本書紀』では遣隋使のことが「遣唐使」となっている)。
- Furthermore, it is said that the ken-suishi in the early period were not familiar with diplomatic courtesy and they visited China without the sovereign's message, which is questionable because Wa should have been very familiar with the social system, culture, or diplomatic courtesies in China from the longtime cultural exchange (the first ken-suishi was not described in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), was described only in Suishu (the Book of the Sui Dynasty), while ken-suishi was described as `kento-shi' (Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) in the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan).
- …抑モ東京ハ帝国ノ首都ニシテ政治経済ノ枢軸トナリ国民文化ノ源泉トナリテ民衆一般ノ瞻仰スル所ナリ一朝不慮ノ災害ニ罹リテ今ヤ其ノ旧形ヲ留メスト雖依然トシテ我国都タル地位ヲ失ハス是ヲ以テ其ノ善後策ハ独リ旧態ヲ回復スルニ止マラス進ンテ将来ノ発展ヲ図リ以テ巷衢ノ面目ヲ新ニセサルヘカラス…
- 'Tokyo is the capital of the empire and the political and economic center, and the source of Japan's culture. Tokyo suffered an enormous disaster this time and can not cling to its old situation, but still holds status as capital of the empire, therefore, it is necessary not only to restore it to what it used to be but also have it undergo a complete new transformation.'
- 韓国忠清南道扶余郡松菊里遺跡で最初に注目されたことから、「松菊里型住居」ともよばれる(ただしこの名称は日本国内に限定して使用され、韓国考古学界ではむしろ「松菊里類型」という用語は住居跡の形態のみでなく土器や石器組成を含めた文化総体の名称として用いられることが一般的となっている)。
- It is called 'Shokikurigata dwelling' as it was first recognized at the Shokikuri site in Fuyo District, Sud Chungcheong, Republic of Korea (However the name is only used in Japan, and the term 'Shokikuri type-' are used not only for shape of dwelling, but to whole cultural description including form of earthenware and stoneware in Korean archaeological society.)
- 18世紀には、主にロシア、イギリス、フランスなど帝国主義時代の欧米列強が日本へも接近し、日本人漂流民の返還のために蝦夷地へ来日したアダム・ラクスマンの来航(寛政4年(1792年))といった諸外国が通商を求める出来事や、1811年(文化8)のゴローニン事件といった摩擦・紛争が起こり始めた。
- In the 18th century, the allied western powers of imperialism such as Russia, England and France approached Japan thus some issues and disputes started to occur such as the arrival of Adam Kirillovich Laksman who came to Ezo to return Japanese castaways in 1792 and the Golovnin Incident of 1811.
- いっぽう歴史を振り返って、第二次大戦後の昭和後期~平成の現代からは、余りにも急激に近代文明が発展を遂げ時代が進歩したことで、その反動として、捨てられた過去を懐かしむ気分が「旧き良き時代」としての大正ロマンの雰囲気を求める傾向もあり、当時の文化事象がしばしば取り上げられ再評価されることもある。
- In the latter half of the Showa period after the World War II and the Heisei period, when looking back on the history of the Taisho period, the cultural events at the time were often picked up and reevaluated since people who cherished the lost past looked for the atmosphere of the Taisho Roman as 'good old days' as a retroaction to the overwhelmingly dynamic development of the modern civilization and the progress of time.
- また和歌山・奈良・三重の3県の教育委員会が市町村教育委員会および文化庁と調整のうえで定めた包括的な保存管理計画にもとづき、個別遺産の管理にあたる県ないし市町村教育委員会が個別の保存管理の策定・実施にあたる体制がとられており、保存管理にあたって必要な資金や技術についても政府や県による支援が行われている。
- And based on the comprehensive plan of the preservation and the management that the Education Boards of three prefectures including Wakayama, Nara and Mie determined after the adjustments by the local education boards and the Agency for Cultural Affairs, the prefectures or the local education boards arranges plans of the preservation for each site and executes them, besides, the government and prefectures appropriate funds and materials for the preservation and the management.
- 江戸浅草の米問屋あるいは魚問屋の大店に大捌助六(おおわけ すけろく)あるいは戸澤助六(とざわ すけろく)という若旦那がいたという説、京都・大坂でその男気をもって名を馳せた助六という侠客だとする説、そして江戸・蔵前の札差で、粋で気前のいい文化人として知られた大口屋暁雨(おおぐちや ぎょうう)だとする説である。
- An opinion has it that there was a young master of a large merchant house of a rice wholesaler or fish wholesaler in Asakusa, Edo named Sukeroku OWAKE or Sukeroku TOZAWA and he might have been the model for Sukeroku; another opinion has it that a street knight in Kyoto and Osaka who was renowned for his chivalrous spirit might have been the model for Sukeroku; and another opinion has it that a rice broker in Kuramae, Edo who was renowned as a chic, stylish, generous man of culture named Gyouu OGUCHIYA might have been the model for Sukeroku.
- なお、この事件に関するシンポジウムが2007年10月28日、東京都三鷹市の中近東文化センターで、同時期に開催されたエルトゥールル号回顧展に併せて、当該トルコ航空機の元機長、元客室乗務員、野村元駐イラン日本国特命全権大使、森永元伊藤忠商事イスタンブール支店長、毛利悟元東京銀行テヘラン駐在員ら当時の関係者出席の上、行われている。
- On October 28, 2007, at the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Mitaka City, Tokyo, along with a retrospective exhibition of the Ertuğrul, a symposium on this incident was held with attendants of persons concerned in the incident, including the former pilot and flight attendants of the Turkish Airlines airplane that actually flew, Nomura, a former Japanese ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary to Iran, Morinaga, a former Istanbul branch office manager of the ITOCHU Corporation, Satoru MORI, a former representative of the Bank of Tokyo in Tehran.
- 裁判では、食文化の一つである(と主張する)どぶろくを、憲法で保障された人権における幸福追求権において、自家生産・自家消費する事の是非に始まって、「酒税法上で設けられた様々な制限が、事実上において大量生産が可能な設備を保有できる大資本による酒類製造のみを優遇し、小規模の酒類製造業が育たないようにしている」という前田側の主張がクローズアップされている。
- This Trial argued the rights and wrongs of in-house production/consumption of Doburoku, which is (insisted as) one of food cultures, in constitutionally-guaranteed right to pursue happiness, and highlighted the Maeda' claim that 'various restrictions in the Liquor Tax Act actually favor only alcoholic liquor manufacturers with large capital that can possess equipment enabling large-scale production and prevent the development of small-scale alcoholic liquor manufacturers.'
- 一方、南西諸島と樺太・北海道には水田が作られず、南西諸島では貝塚時代、ついでグスク時代、樺太・北海道では続縄文時代、ついで擦文時代(さつもん)が続いた(また、本州東北地方では、青森県垂柳遺跡のように弥生時代前期の水田の事例もあるものの、一般的には中期後半前後まで水稲農耕は完全に受容されたとはいえず、北海道に準じ続縄文文化が展開したとの見方もある)。
- On the other hand, rice-paddies did not spread in the Nansei Islands and Sakhalin/Hokkaido, therefore, the Shell mound period and then the Gusuku period followed the Jomon period in the Nansei Islands and Post Jomon period then Satsumon period followed after the Jomon period in Sakhalin/Hokkaido (Although there was an example of a rice-paddy during the early Yayoi period shown in the Tareyanagi site in Aomori Prefecture, rice-paddy cultivation also did not widely spread in Tohoku region in Honshu until the middle to the late Yayoi period and some theoretical views that Post Jomon period followed as in Hokkaido.)
- しかしながら公家は実権は失っていたものの茶道・俳諧等の文化活動においてその嫡流たる天皇の権威高揚に努め、天皇は改元にあたって元号を決定する最終的権限を持っていたこと(元号勅定の原則)を始め、将軍や大名の官位も、儀礼上全て天皇から任命されるものであり、権威の源泉として重要な意味を持つ存在であった(これに対しても幕府が元号決定や人事への介入を行い、その権威の縮小・儀礼化を図っている)。
- However, even though Kuge had lost their actual power, they strived to elevate the authority of the Emperor as the main branch of a family in cultural activities such as sado (tea ceremony) and haikai (seventeen-syllable verse), and starting with the final authority to decide the name of era when changing it, all official court ranks of shogun and daimyo were ceremoniously granted by the Emperor, and the Emperor was an existence having important meaning as the source of authority (against this fact, the bakufu also tried to reduce the Emperor's authority to being ceremonious by intervening in changing the name of the era and personal matters).