擬: 534 Terms and Phrases
- 擬
- pseudo-
- quasi-
- mimic
- aim (a gun) at
- nominate
- imitate
- 擬斗
- fight scene
- stage combat
- staged sword fight
- 擬態
- mimesis
- mimicry
- camouflage
- mimetic
- mimicking
- imitation
- mimicked
- 擬娩
- couvade (custom in which a male acts out the physical process of his own child being born)
- 擬足
- pseudopodium
- pseudopod (temporary protrusion of an ameboid cell)
- 擬勢
- bluff
- deceiving an enemy
- 擬制
- legal fiction
- constructive
- 擬装
- disguise
- camouflage
- masquerade
- 擬製
- imitation
- forgery
- copy
- 擬蠍
- pseudoscorpion (any arachnid of order Pseudoscorpionida)
- false scorpion
- 擬音
- imitative sounds (drama, broadcasting)
- onomatopoeia
- 擬す
- to imitate
- to copy
- to mimic
- to enter someone as a candidate
- to press (e.g. a weapon against someone's back)
- to compare
- to liken
- 擬人
- simulation of a person
- impersonation
- 擬似
- suspected
- pseudo
- sham
- quasi
- false
- mock
- 擬古
- imitation of classical styles
- 擬死
- feigning death
- Apparent death
- 梅擬
- Japanese winterberry
- Ilex serrata
- 蠍擬
- whip scorpion (any arachnid of order Thelyphonida)
- 鰤擬
- pilot fish (Naucrates ductor)
- 摸擬
- imitation
- sham
- mock
- simulation
- 模擬
- imitation
- sham
- mock
- simulation
- 鮎擬
- kissing loach (Leptobotia curta)
- 擬白蟻
- web-spinner (any insect of order Embioptera, esp. family Oligotomidae)
- 擬態語
- mimetic word
- word that mimics something that does not make a sound (e.g. the fluttering of a butterfly's wings)
- psychomimes
- onomatopeic word
- a mimetic word
- mimesis
- 擬声語
- onomatope (i.e. word formed by onomatopoeia)
- onomatopoe(t)ic word
- imitative words
- Japanese sound symbolism
- 擬宝珠
- ornamental railing top
- bridge railing-post knob
- Welsh onion flower
- leek flower
- hosta
- plantain lily
- Giboshi (ornamental railing top, and flower name)
- 擬人法
- personification
- Prosopopoeia
- 尻擬き
- male homosexual
- faggot
- poofter
- 黒梅擬
- Japanese buckthorn (Rhamnus japonica var. decipiens)
- 擬螳螂
- mantidfly (any insect of the family Mantispidae)
- 擬人観
- anthropomorphism
- anthropomorphic
- 梅擬き
- Japanese winterberry
- Ilex serrata
- 擬餌鉤
- artificial fly (fishing)
- lure
- spinner
- 擬音語
- example of onomatopoeia
- onomatopoeic word
- onomatopoe(t)ic word
- 擬する
- to imitate
- to copy
- to mimic
- to enter someone as a candidate
- to press (e.g. a weapon against someone's back)
- to compare
- to liken
- 雁擬き
- deep-fried tofu mixed with thinly sliced vegetables
- 擬える
- to pattern after
- to liken to
- to imitate
- 擬人化
- personification
- anthropomorphication
- anthropomorphism
- 白蟻擬
- web-spinner (any insect of order Embioptera, esp. family Oligotomidae)
- 擬物化
- objectification (vs personification)
- 蔓梅擬
- Celastrus orbiculatus
- 蟷螂擬
- mantidfly (any insect of the family Mantispidae)
- 模擬刀
- practice sword
- fake sword
- 擬硫酸紙
- artificial parchment
- 擬制自白
- 'fictitious' (constructive) confession or admission
- 擬律錯誤
- error in application of law
- 血管擬態
- vasculogenic mimicry
- 擬宝珠虫
- acorn worm (any hemichordate of class Enteropneusta)
- 黒梅擬き
- Japanese buckthorn (Rhamnus japonica var. decipiens)
- 銀竜草擬
- Indian pipe (Monotropa uniflora)
- 擬似乱数
- pseudorandom number
- pseudo random numbers
- Pseudorandom number generator
- 擬蟻象虫
- sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius)
- 擬古主義
- archaism
- pseudoclassicism
- 擬似負荷
- dummy load
- phantom load
- 摸擬試験
- trial examination
- mock examination
- 模擬試験
- trial examination
- mock examination
- mock test
- 模擬裁判
- moot court
- mock trial
- 模擬体験
- simulated experience
- 擬似相関
- Spurious relationship
- 模擬患者
- standardized patient
- simulated patient
- 模擬国連
- Model United Nations
- 私擬憲法
- Shigi Kenpo (Private Draft for National Constitution)
- Shigi Kenpo (Draft Constitutions of Japan)
- 擬古物語
- Giko monogatari (pseudo-classic monogatari)
- 擬制的商人
- constructive merchant
- 擬洋風建築
- Gi-yofu architecture (imitative Western-style architecture)
- Quasi-western-style buildings
- Pseudo Western-style architecture
- Gi-yofu Kenchiku (Imitation of Western-style architecture)
- Giyōfū architecture
- 同意の擬制
- Constructive Consent
- 自白の擬制
- Constructive Admission
- 精霊飛蝗擬
- Gonista bicolor (species of grasshopper resembling the Oriental longheaded locust)
- 大黒椋鳥擬
- common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula)
- 大葉擬宝珠
- Hosta montana (species of plantain lily)
- 小葉擬宝珠
- Hosta sieboldii (species of plantain lily)
- 擬蝦夷法螺
- double-sculptured neptune (species of whelk, Neptunea intersculpta)
- 擬似乱数列
- pseudo-random number sequence
- 模擬送電線
- ATL Artificial Transmission Line
- power system simulator
- 擬火山地形
- psudo volcanic features
- 擬似パルス
- false pulse
- preliminary pulse
- 擬似逆行列
- pseudo-inverse matrix
- Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse
- 擬似ヘッダ
- pseudo header
- pseudo-header
- 擬陽性反応
- false positive reaction
- 国の擬人化
- National personifications
- 萌え擬人化
- Moe anthropomorphism
- 模擬国連会議
- Model United Nations
- 模擬大気試料
- mock atmospheric sample
- 擬似外国会社
- Pseudo-Foreign Company
- 精霊飛蝗擬き
- Gonista bicolor (species of grasshopper resembling the Oriental longheaded locust)
- 擬寸法集合体
- assumed-size aggregate
- 擬似アンテナ
- artificial antenna
- dummy antenna
- 擬塑粘性係数
- coefficient of pseudo-plastic viscosity
- 標準擬似回路
- hypothetical reference circuit
- 模擬自然環境
- simulated natural environment
- 擬似直線機構
- approximate straight line mechanism
- 擬へき開破壊
- quasicleavage fracture
- 擬似圧縮性法
- pseudo-compressibility method
- 太陽の擬人化
- personification of the sun
- 擬似セックス
- non-penetrative sex
- dry sex
- 標準模擬患者
- SP
- standardized patient
- 使用模擬試験
- simulated service test
- 模擬燃料集合
- simulated fuel assembly
- 擬微分作用素
- Pseudo-differential operator
- 『擬自律書』
- 'Gijiritsusho' (document of pseudo-self-control)
- 擬洋風建築の例
- Examples of Gi-yofu architecture
- 模擬環境水試料
- mock environmental water sample
- 意思表示の擬制
- Constructive Manifestation of Intention
- 擬フェルミ準位
- quasi Fermi level
- quasi-Fermi level
- 擬音語・擬態語
- Onomatopoeia and Mimetic Words
- 宝珠(擬宝珠)
- Hoju (literally, a precious orb)/giboshi (literally, quasi-hoju)
- 擬似クーロン力
- quasi Coulomb force
- 擬似乱数生成器
- pseudo-random number generator
- 擬似線路回路網
- BON building our network
- 擬円形線虫上科
- Metastrongyloidea
- 主要な私擬憲法
- Main Shigi Kempo (Private Draft for National Constitution)
- 擬音語、擬態語
- Onomatopoeia and mimetic words
- カルシウム擬態薬
- calcimimetic agent
- 法人の存続の擬制
- Constructive Existence of a Juridical Person
- 信託の存続の擬制
- Constructive Existence of a Trust
- 森羅万象の擬人化
- The personification of shinrabansho
- 擬似レンジレート
- pseudo range rate
- 擬似スペクトル法
- pseudo-spectral method
- 擬人化された運命
- fate personified
- 擬装よって隠れる
- hide under a false appearance
- 擬似システム変数
- dummy system variable
- 擬似ランダム関数
- pseudo-random function
- 米国政府の擬人化
- a personification of the United States government
- 擬似呪文能力高速化
- quicken spell-like ability
- 婚姻による成年擬制
- Constructive Adult by Marriage
- 訴えの取下げの擬制
- Constructive Withdrawal of Action
- 訴状等の陳述の擬制
- Constructive Statements in Complaint, etc.
- 無重力環境模擬装置
- weightless environment simulator
- ベルトラミの擬球面
- Beltrami's pseudosphere
- 死を擬人化したもの
- the personification of death
- 北風を擬人化した神
- the god who personified the north wind
- 擬似ランダムパルス列
- pseudo-random pulse train
- 模擬飛行装置等の認定
- Approval of Flight Simulator Device etc
- 大地を擬人化した女神
- goddess personifying earth
- 霜や冬の天気の擬人化
- a personification of frost or winter weather
- C:擬人化された神々
- C: Anthropomorphic deities
- 模擬戦をしている少年
- boys in mock battle
- 私擬憲法案(交詢社)
- Shigi Kenpo an (A draft of the Constitution) (Kojunsha Club)
- 思想書の『大擬録』。
- His philosophical books include 'Taigi roku.'
- 儀式的献身の力の擬人化
- personification of the power of ritual devotion
- ゲルマニア (擬人化)
- Germania (personification)
- 暗号論的擬似乱数生成器
- Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
- 擬文章生 予備上級学生
- Gimonjosho (student passed Ryoshi): Preparatory advanced students
- 飽和模擬(発電機モデル)
- modeling saturation
- 太古の海を擬人化した女神
- goddess personifying the primeval sea
- 架空の擬人化キャラクター
- Fictional anthropomorphic characters
- 擬古典主義の代表的作家。
- He was one of the leading quasi-classical writers.
- 続行期日における陳述の擬制
- Constructive Statements on Date for Continuance
- 館山城模擬天守に所在する。
- It is located in the imitation tenshu of Tateyama-jo castle.
- ノルム保存型擬ポテンシャル
- norm-conserving pseudopotential
- 擬似空中線を設備すること。
- A dummy antenna system shall be provided.
- A dummy antenna shall be provided.
- 擬似空中線を設置すること。
- A dummy antenna shall be provided.
- 格闘する擬人化キャラクター
- Anthropomorphic martial artists
- 擬制的な一族としての豊臣氏
- Toyotomi clan as a pseudo-family
- 中世の化学の擬似科学の前触れ
- a pseudoscientific forerunner of chemistry in medieval times
- 雁擬きと字をあてることもある。
- The kanji '雁擬き' is sometimes allocated for it.
- 擬音語の単語は音を模倣している
- onomatopoeic words are imitative of noises
- 疑似餌として擬似鉤を投げること
- casting an artificial fly as a lure
- これは擬宝珠ではなく宝珠である。
- This is not a giboshi but a hoju (sacred ball-shape gem).
- 子供の一生に擬えて一升餅で作る。
- This mochi is produced from issho-mochi (1.8 L of mochi) following the issho (the whole life) of a human child.
- 擬態 - 他の紋に形を似せたもの
- Gitai (mimesis)(擬態) - Mon which resemble other Mon.
- 塔頭の並びを屋敷街に擬している。
- The row of sub-temples was made to look like a row of period dwellings in town.
- 宇宙創造以前の無限の空間の擬人化
- the personification of the infinity of space preceding creation of the universe
- 法学生が仮の事件を論ずる模擬裁判
- a mock court where law students argue hypothetical cases
- これらは擬洋風建築で建てられた。
- These buildings were built in Gi-yofu architecture (imitative Western-style architecture) style.
- 直喩、暗喩(隠喩)、寓喩、擬人法
- Similes, metaphors, allegories and personification
- ヒンズーの神は創造的力を擬人化する
- Hindu god personifying a creative force
- また『水鏡』の作者にも擬せられる。
- It is said that he might be the writer of the historical tale 'Mizu Kagami' (literally, water mirror).
- 流し釣りする際に使われる漁師の擬似餌
- a fisherman's lure that is used in trolling
- 運命の女神:贈り物を擬人化した小妖精
- goddess of fate: an elf who personified the present
- 伽藍は宋の百丈山に擬して造営された。
- The monastery was designed to imitate Song China's Mt Baizhang-shan.
- 伏見城「御学問所」に擬する説もある。
- Some theories even claim that it may have been the Emperor's study room at Fushimi-jo Castle.
- キャラクターは悪徳と美徳を擬人化した
- characters personified virtues and vices
- 「復興模擬天守」と呼ばれることもある。
- It is sometimes called a reconstructed imitation keep.
- 擬似乱数を生成するための乱数種を与える
- provide a SEED for the pseudo-random number generator
- 古代ローマ人によって催された模擬の海戦
- a mock sea battle put on by the ancient Romans
- 擬似体液中での異種金属間接触腐食試験方法
- Testing method for galvanic corrosion in pseudo physiological solution
- 他にも『十訓抄』の著者に擬せられている。
- It is also considered that he was the author of 'Jikkinsho.'
- いわゆる異人館は擬洋風建築とは区別される。
- So called 'Ijinkan' (former residences of early foreign settlers) are different from buildings of Gi-yofu architecture.
- 位 - 乳酥、別・円を説く頓教、擬宜の教え
- Contents - Nyuso (Fresh milk), Sudden Teaching that advocates Betsu-kyo (Distinctive Teaching) and En-kyo (Complete Teaching) and the teaching of gigi (to gauge good things).
- 老人や、鎌を持った骸骨として擬人化された死
- Death personified as an old man or a skeleton with a scythe
- 未来のパイロットは模擬操縦室で訓練される。
- The future pilot is trained in a mock cockpit.
- スポーツは率直に言って模擬的な戦闘である。
- Sport is frankly mimic warfare.
- ギリシア人は神が馬鹿であるとして擬人化した
- The Greeks personated their gods ridiculous
- 物事を教えてくれる抽象概念を擬人化したもの
- a personified abstraction that teaches
- 鳥や魚がエサを探索する過程を模擬した計算手法
- PSO Particle Swarm Optimization
- 性玩具のカタログや、性器の擬人化などがある。
- There were brochures for sex toys and personified genital organ and so on.
- こっけいな場面や、擬人化したものが登場する。
- Humorous scenes and personifications appeared.
- 私擬憲法の内容については、様々な研究がある。
- There were various studies of public ideas for a constitution.
- 模擬実戦として最適であったとも言われている。
- It is also said that ishi-gassen was most suitable as a mimic battle.
- 翌康保4年には寮試に合格して擬文章生となる。
- The next year, he got through Ryoshi (test which students of Daigakuryo can take) and became Gimonjosho (a student who passed Ryoshi).
- これが擬洋風建築で、文明開化の象徴ともされた。
- Thus Gi-yofu architecture was born, and it was considered a symbol of civilization and enlightenment.
- 擬似コースができるだけ生じないものであること。
- Said system shall be such that it will suppress the occurrence of a false course to a minimum.
- 19日には最上郡郡司擬大領の伴貞道が戦死する。
- TOMO no Sadamichi, Gidairyo (Deputy Administrator) of the gunji (district government official) in Mogami-gun, died in the battle on 19th.
- 一方、擬態語の多様などにより、臨場感を備える。
- Moreover, various kinds of onomatopoeia, etc., make the reader feel as if he or she is in fact there.
- 擬古楽府とは古楽府の題のみを借りて作った楽府。
- A 'giko gafu' is a Chinese folk song (gafu) borrowing only a title from an older Chinese folk song (kogafu).
- 現在、模擬天守は館山市立博物館分館となっている。
- Today the imitation tenshu (keep) is used as Branch of the Tateyama Museum.
- 橋の擬宝珠には、その由来が刻まれている場合もある。
- Incriptions relating to the origin of giboshi are sometimes present on those used in bridges.
- 擬声語的表現については、ホピ語に興味深い例がある。
- As to onomatopoetic expressions, we find interesting examples in Hopi.
- 曲がった釣り針を通り越して、羽が後ろに伸びた擬餌鉤
- an artificial fly that has wings extending back beyond the crook of the fishhook
- 突き出た鼻先に擬似餌のついたカエルのような口を持つ魚
- fish having a frog-like mouth with a lure on the snout
- この「外敵」を後世の有力集団の祖先に擬する説もある。
- One theory additionally says that this 'foreign enemy' was possibly a descendant of the powerful group that later appeared in Japan.
- 宇治橋解体前に擬宝珠内に納められている萬度麻を下げる。
- In this ceremony the Mandonusa (a talisman) is removed from the Giboshi (an ornament on a parapet of the bridge) before the dismantling of Uji-bashi Bridge.
- 惑星、太陽、月の位置によって占いができるという擬似科学
- a pseudoscience claiming divination by the positions of the planets and sun and moon
- 後に、神像が作られるなど神 (神道)の擬人化が進んだ。
- Later, images of gods were made, and the gods (Shinto) became personified.
- 石垣がわずかに残っているほか、門が模擬再建されている。
- There are some remains of the stone wall and an imitation gate.
- 擬装は安土城を手がけた城大工、岡部又右衛門が担当した。
- The camouflage was made by Mataemon OKABE, a castle carpenter, who took charge of Azuchi Castle.
- 「詞は古質の体に擬すと雖も、義は幽玄の境に通うに似たり」
- 'The words are similar to those of an old style, but the meanings seem to reach Yugen.'
- 天空あるいはオリュンポスの神々が呼吸する天上の風の擬人化
- personification of the sky or upper air breathed by the Olympians
- 擬音語の、擬音語に関する、または、擬音語に特徴づけられる
- of or relating to or characterized by onomatopoeia
- 幕末修陵に際して現陵を擬し、明治11年(1878年)治定。
- During the repair of the mausoleum conducted in the end of Edo period it was finally determined to be the actual one in 1878.
- 親柱が石の場合、擬宝珠も含めて石造りになっている場合もある。
- When a newel post is made of stone, its giboshi is sometimes made of stone as well.
- 先端の宝珠状の部分のみをさして、「擬宝珠」という場合もある。
- The hoju-like part at the top alone is sometimes called 'giboshi.'
- 偽作・潤色説もあるが『論語』に擬した『中説』が現存している。
- Some say it was forged or embellished, but 'Chu-setsu' an assimilation of 'The Analects of Confucius' exists today.
- 基地内のバーカウンターを使用して寿司屋のカウンターに擬する。
- The bar counter in the Station is used as the counter in a sushi restaurant.
- 橋を守護する饗土橋姫神社で祈願した後、萬度麻を擬宝珠に納める。
- The Mandonusa is placed in a new Giboshi after prayers are offered to Aedobashihime-jinja Shrine, the guardian of the bridge.
- これらは風の音、虫の声などの擬音技法として使われることが多い。
- These sounds are often used as onomatopoetic techniques to emulate sounds such as the wind and insects.
- 吉原での客と遊女の関係は端的に言えば女性上位の擬似夫婦である。
- Frankly speaking, the relationship between a customer and a prostitute is like a pseudo married couple in which a woman holds supremacy.
- カーネーションやハイビスカスのように萼を擬態している包葉の一群
- a group of bracts simulating a calyx as in a carnation or hibiscus
- 模擬試験に何回も失敗して、実際に受けてみたら思わぬ結果が出た。
- Having failed my mock examinations any number of times, when I actually tried taking it the result was nothing I'd imagined.
- それは、擬音語として、複数の場所で独立して発達した−ハリー.H
- it was independently developed in more than one place as an onomatopoetic term- Harry Hoijer
- 擬似科学のわかりにくい表現と教皇のばかげた話−ニューズウィーク
- pseudo-scientific gobbledygook and pontifical hooey- Newsweek
- 現存する擬洋風建築の中でも有名なものは開智学校(松本市)である。
- Kaichi School (in Matsumoto City) is one of the most famous existing examples of Gi-yofu architecture.
- こちら葛飾区亀有公園前派出所に擬宝珠蜜柑という女の子が登場する。
- A girl named Mikan GIBOSHI appeared in a cartoon, 'This Is the Police Box in Front of Kameari Park, Katsushika Ward.'
- 太陽を擬人化しているか、またはそうでなければ太陽に関連している神
- a god that personifies the sun or is otherwise associated with the sun
- 寒梅館には模擬法廷や、24時間使用できる自習室が設置されている。
- A mock court and a study room which can be used 24 hours are established in the Kambaikan.
- 長らく雑兵物語の作者に擬せられてきたが、実際の作者は不詳である。
- He has been considered to be the author of 'Zohyo monogatari' (Stories of Common Soldiers), but the real author is unknown.
- 延徳2年(1490年)5月相国寺鹿苑院の塔主に擬せられるも、固辞。
- Although he was mentioned in May 1490 as the chief priest of Shokoku-ji Temple Rokuon-in, he resolutely declined.
- まず大学寮の寮試にて中国正史より問題を出題して擬文章生を選抜した。
- First, gimonjosho were chosen in the examination at the daigakuryo, which asked questions about Chinese historiography.
- 物語性が非常に強く、擬音を用いるなど地歌では特殊なジャンルと言える。
- It has a strong narrative aspect, and because it uses imitative sounds it can be said that this a unique genre within jiuta.
- これ以外の天守には、天守復元天守、天守復興天守、天守模擬天守がある。
- In addition to the existing castle towers (tenshu), there are restored tenshu, reconstructed tenshu, and imitation tenshu.
- 「千と千尋の神隠し」では、ダイコンを擬人化した神として登場している。
- In 'Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi' (animated film 'Spirited Away'), it appears as a personified daikon radish god.
- 西南戦争では、大阪府知事渡辺昇の推薦で一時は抜刀隊の長に擬せられた。
- During the Seinan War, he acted for a while as the provisional head of Batto-tai (suicide squad, literally called drawn sword squad) recommended by Governor of Osaka Prefecture, Noboru WATANABE.
- 物語 - 古物語 - 作り物語 - 歌物語 - 擬古物語 - 軍記物語
- Tales: Furu monogatari (old stories, especially tales before the Tale of Genji), tsukuri monogatari (fictional tales), uta-monogatari (poem-tales), giko monogatari (archaistic fiction, referring especially to fictional writing during the Kamakura and Muromachi periods in imitation of the Heian tales) and gunki monogatari (martial tales)
- 「前王廟陵記」は那富士墓の位置を擬し、「大和志」は大奈辺古墳を擬した。
- The 'Zen-o byoryo ki' (a study on the past emperors' mausoleums) supposed the location to be Nafuji Haka (tomb), whereas 'Yamatoshi' (a topography of ancient Nara) supposed it to be Onabe-kofun Tumulus.
- 擬声語・擬態語(オノマトペ)が、手書きの書き文字として絵の中に書かれる。
- Onomatopoeia is written by hand in a picture.
- この宝珠を模した形から模擬の宝珠という意味で擬宝珠とつけられたというもの。
- One theory is that it was named giboshi (literally, imitated hoju) because it was made in imitation of hoju.
- 擬宝珠という用字は葱帽子、葱坊主に後から付けられた当て字であるとするもの。
- Based on this theory, it is said that the characters of 擬宝珠 (giboshi) were later used to replace the original 葱帽子 or 葱坊主 pronouced as giboshi and indicating the head of a leek.
- 灌頂以後の天台宗の宗勢は振るわなかったため、玄朗が第五祖に擬せられている。
- As the influence of Tendai Sect declined after Kansho, Sakei Genro is assumed as the 5th founder.
- 50分の模擬試験に挑戦して、試験であなたの実力がどれくらいかがわかります。
- Try a 50 minute mock examination, and know just how good you really are.
- 五日市憲法(いつかいちけんぽう)は、明治時代初期に作られた私擬憲法の一つ。
- The Itsukaichi Constitution is one of the constitution drafts which were made at the beginning of the Meiji period.
- 安徳天皇の異母弟の守貞親王(安徳天皇の皇太子に擬されていた)は救出された。
- Emperor Antoku's half-brother (of a different mother), Imperial Prince Morisada (who had been appointed Antoku's crown prince), was rescued.
- 後に自由党の設立に関わり幹事に選出され、日本憲法見込案(私擬憲法)を起草。
- Later he was involved in the formation of Liberal Party and was elected to the secretary afterwards and then drafted a Japanese Constitution Mikomi-an proposal (a constitutional draft prepared by nongovernmental).
- 擬宝珠(ぎぼし、ぎぼうしゅ)は、橋や寺社の欄干に取り付けられた2.に似た飾り。
- A giboshi or giboshu is: 1) an ornament that is attached to balustrades of bridges, temples or shrines and whose shape resembles that of item 2.
- これは果実が三味線の撥に似ているため、三味線音の擬音「ペンペン」を冠したもの。
- Because its fruit resembles bachi used with shamisen, it is called by the name prefixed by 'pen pen,' imitative sound of shamisen.
- 海を擬人化したもので、通常海に住んでいる、または海を支配すると信じられている神
- a deity that personifies the sea and is usually believed to live in or to control the sea
- フックで取り付けられ、羽で装飾されたプラスチックまたは金属からなる明るい擬似餌
- any bright artificial bait consisting of plastic or metal mounted with hooks and trimmed with feathers
- 甲巻は兎、蛙、猿などの動物を擬人化したもので、4巻の中でもっともよく知られる。
- The first scroll depicts anthropomorphosized rabbits, frogs and monkeys and is the best known of the four scrolls.
- もっとも古い私擬憲法は、青木周蔵の起草による大日本政規(1872年)とされる。
- The oldest Shigi Kenpo was the Dai Nippon Seiki (Government Policy of Great Japan) (1872) written by Shuzo AOKI.
- 道隆の嫡男の藤原伊周は道長を凌いで内大臣に任じられ、父の後継者に擬されていた。
- Michitaka's heir, FUJIWARA no Korechika, was assigned as Naidaijin and identified as his father's successor, bypassing Michinaga altogether.
- 法社会学の立場から、親分子分といった擬制家族関係から日本社会の封建制を批判した
- It criticized Japanese feudal system, or a fictive family relationship between a boss and his underlings, from the viewpoint of the sociology of law.
- 伝統的な職人の技術をベースに洋風要素を採り入れたこれらのものを擬洋風建築と呼ぶ。
- The western-style buildings that Japanese craftsmen built based on their traditional techniques are called Gi-yofu-kenchiku (literally, 'quasi-western-style buildings').
- 抜刀術、居合道では入門直後の初心者は木刀で稽古し慣れたら直ちに模擬刀で稽古する。
- In batto-jutsu and iaido (both of which concern the art of drawing and handling nihonto), the beginners who have recently started studying practice with bokuto switch to mogito (imitation swords) once they become familiar with the forms.
- 特に、小烏造りは刀身の二分の一以上が両刃になった擬似刀と呼ばれる剣の造りを指す。
- Especially Kokarasu-zukuri indicates a style of a sword called a false sword that has a double edge in more than half of the blade.
- 炭素繊維強化プラスチック—面圧強さ試験方法—第2部:直交積層板及び擬似等方積層板
- Carbon fiber reinforced plastics-Testing methods for bearing strength-Part2: Orthotropic and Quasi-isotropic long fiber laminates
- 「徳利」の名は、トクリトクリと注ぐ音を表す擬声語に由来するものであろうといわれる。
- The name of 'tokkuri' was probably derived from an onomatopoeia that describes the sound of 'tokuri tokuri (glug-glug)' created when sake is poured.
- これは、十王信仰の各王を垂迹と見て、それぞれの王に本地となる仏菩薩を擬定している。
- The Jusanbutsushinko regards each king of the jyuoshinko as a suijaku (temporary manifestation) of Buddha, and the original Buddha or Bosatsu has been assigned to each of the ten kings.
- なるほど、言われてみれば確かに、田中さんは模擬戦で一度も被弾していませんでしたね。
- Of course. Now that you say that, certainly Ms Tanaka wasn't shot even once in the mock battles.
- なお、宇治橋の擬宝珠を確認できる最古の作品は鎌倉時代後期に描かれた石山寺縁起である。
- The oldest artifact that depicts recognizable Giboshi of the Uji-bashi is Ishiyama-dera Engi (a scroll painting of the history of Ishiyama-dera Temple) painted in the late Kamakura period.
- この時に模擬天守も取り壊される予定であったが、地元住民の要望から残されることなった。
- At that time, it was planned to destroy the imitation castle tower, but the tower has remained at the request of local residents.
- プラスチック−実験室規模の模擬コンポスト化条件下でのプラスチック材料の崩壊度の求め方
- Plastics-Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test
- 一説に藤氏長者の初代にも擬せられ、長者として『興福寺縁起』を撰したことでも知られる。
- One theory has it that he was acclaimed to be like the first Toshi choja (head of the Fujiwara clan) and is known to have edited Kofuku-ji Engi (origin of Kofuku-ji Temple) as head.
- 更にその序文が『太平記』の作者にも擬せられ、室町幕府との関わりが深い玄慧の筆である。
- The preface was written by Gene who was assumed to be a writer of 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace) and had a deep relationship with the Muromachi bakufu.
- しかし、天沼矛でかき混ぜた時の「こをろこをろ」という擬音が語源であるとする説もある。
- However, there is another theory saying that the word is derived from the imitative sound, 'koworo koworo,' made when they stirred the world under heaven with Ame no nuboko spear.
- 擬洋風建築という言葉は昭和になってから建築史家が使い始め、近年定着してきた言葉である。
- Architecture historians began to use the term 'Gi-yofu architecture' in the Showa period, but it has been commonly used only recently.
- 大原の来迎院の山号を、中国の声明発祥の地・魚山(ぎょざん)に擬して、魚山と呼称された。
- Raigoin Temple, in Ohara, was called Gyozan as the temple's title, having been named after Gyozan, the birthplace of Shomyo in China.
- このころ井原西鶴に熱中しその作品に傾倒、写実主義とともに擬古典主義を深めるようになる。
- At that time, he was absorbed in reading Saikaku IHARA's works that encouraged his inclination to pseudoclassicism in addition to realism.
- 彼によれば諸民族の神観念は人格を投影したものという(擬人化、擬人観、エウヘメリズム)。
- He wrote that the notion of god in many tribes reflect a personality (personification, sense of personification, euhemerism).
- 擬洋風建築(ぎようふうけんちく)とは、欧米の建築を日本の職人が見よう見まねで建てたもの。
- 'Gi-yofu architecture' is an architectural style that Japanese carpenters created by imitating Western-style architecture.
- 厳密に分けられているものではなく、伏見桃山城のようにこれを模擬天守に分類することもある。
- This type is not classified strictly and so some Tenshu are classified into Imitation Tenshu, such as Fushimi Momoyama-jo Castle.
- 歓呼の声が響き渡り、スー族とホーニー族とが招待客に模擬戦を披露し、花火が打ち上げられた。
- Cheers were given, the Sioux and Pawnees performed an imitation Indian battle, fireworks were let off,
- 後に、擬似的な血縁関係で編成された家臣団での格式を指す名称としても使用されることもある。
- Later, it was also used for the rank name in reference to a social status among vassals who were related by similar blood.
- 作者が同一であるという説も古くからあり、葉室時長らは『平治物語』の作者にも擬されている。
- There has for a long time been a hypothesis that the same author wrote both tales, and Tokinaga HAMURO and others as mentioned above have been attributed with the authorship of 'Heiji Monogatari.'
- 主に明治初期に各地で建造された(一部、大正頃のものにも擬洋風的な要素を持つ建造物もある)。
- Examples of this style could be found across the country mainly in the early Meiji period (also some buildings built in the Taisho period have elements of this style).
- また、鳥や虫などの擬音を出すさまざまな笛も江戸時代に登場し、庶民の玩具として人気となった。
- Also, various types of fue which produce the sounds of birds or insects were invented in the Edo period, and they became popular toys for common people.
- 宋代以降公案体系がまとめられ、擬似的かもしれないが更に多くの悟りを起こすことを可能にした。
- The Koan system came together after the Song dynasty, and though they might be fabricated it has made even more enlightenments possible.
- また、正員の郡司が任命されるまでの間、臨時の郡司(擬任郡司)を国司は任命することができた。
- Kokushi was able to assign a temporary Gunji (called Ginin Gunji [literally, a quasi-appointed district manager]) until an official Gunji was assigned.
- 『大和物語』の実作者は古くは、在原滋春・花山天皇が擬せられたが、現在に至るまで未詳である。
- ARIWARA no Shigeharu and the Emperor Kazan were purported to be the authors of 'Yamato Monogatari' previously, but the truth has not been found out yet.
- プエブロ族の宗教的な儀式で、何らかの独特な精神を擬人化していると思われる仮面をつけたダンサー
- a masked dancer during a Pueblo religious ceremony who is thought to embody some particular spirit
- 実頼はこの陰謀の首謀者とされているが、弟の師尹または師輔の子の伊尹、兼家を擬定する説もある。
- Although Saneyori is generally believed to be the mastermind of the scheme, another theory holds that his brother Morotada, or Morosuke's sons Koretada and Kaneie, were responsible for the scheme.
- 准母(じゅんぼ)とは、天皇の生母でない女性が母に擬されること、または母に擬された女性の称号。
- Junbo means equating a woman who is not the real mother of the emperor with his mother or the title of a woman who is equated with the mother of the emperor.
- 擬宝珠が取り付けられるのは親柱(両端および一定の間隔で並ぶ主要な柱)であり、「宝珠柱」という。
- Giboshi are attached to newel posts (major posts placed at both ends of a balustrade and at constant intervals), and such posts are called 'hojubashira' (literally, post of a sacred ball-shaped gem).
- この徴兵検査の際に白い越中褌の着用が指導されることで、擬似的な「褌祝」に相当するようになった。
- This examination for conscription became a pseudo 'fundoshi iwai,' because the government instructed the people to wear a white Etchu fundoshi loincloth at all examinations for conscription.
- 疱瘡神(ほうそうがみ、ほうそうしん)は、疱瘡(天然痘)を擬神化したもので、疫病神の一種である。
- Hoso Kami (also pronounced as Hoso gami, Hoso shin) is an apotheosis of hoso (smallpox), and is a kind of Yakubyo-gami, a deity for the transmission of epidemics.
- 『仮面譜』以来、女面増の作者もしくはモデルとなった女性の夫に擬せられることがあるが、真偽不明。
- Since 'Kamenfu,' he supposedly became the writer for a female monk or interpreted as the husband of the lady he modeled after but it is not certain if this is true or not.
- 少年期には評判の芳しくなかった北条氏康の代わりとして、北条家当主に擬する動きまであったという。
- There was even a move that he was mentioned as a head of the Hojo family instead of Ujiyasu HOJO who had poor reputations in his boyhood.
- また『宇津保物語』、『落窪物語』の作者にも擬せられ、『竹取物語』の作者説の一人にも挙げられる。
- Also, authorship of 'Utsuho Monogatari (The Tale of the Hollow Tree)' has been attributed to him and 'Ochikubo Monogatari (The Tale of the Lady Ochikubo),' and some scholars even regard him as the author of 'Taketori Monogatari (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter).'
- 本丸および沼田丸趾が1992年(平成4年)に勝竜寺城公園として整備され、模擬櫓などが建造された。
- In 1992, the remains of Honmaru (the castle keep) and Numatamaru (Numata area) were transformed into Shoryu-ji Castle Park, and towers were built in the style of the originals.
- 近見と遠見の両方を可能にするヒンジを含む水晶体移植(そのため、若者の自然の水晶体を擬態している)
- a lens implant containing a hinge that allows for both near and far vision (thus mimicking the natural lens of a young person)
- 「さんぱい」「にっぽん」のような漢語だけでなく、「ぴんぴん」「ぱっと」などの擬態語にも使われる。
- It is used not only in words of Chinese origin such as 'sanpai' and 'nippon' but also in mimetic words such as 'pinpin' and 'patto.'
- 幼い頃、平知盛に育てられていた関係で、平家が都落ちをした際に皇太子に擬されて、西国に連行される。
- Since he was brought up by TAIRA no Tomomori when he was small, he was an imitation Crown Prince and was taken to the western part of Japan (Chugoku, Shikoku, Kinki area) after the Taira clan escaped from the city.
- この瓦版は「文政二己卯年大角力」と題され、擬人化されたナマズと神々が相撲をとる姿が描かれている。
- This kawaraban was titled as 'year 2 of the Bunsei era (1819), year of Tsuchinoto (16th year of the sexagenary cycle), ozumo (sumo wrestling) and it depicted a scene in which a personified catfish and a god sumo wrestling each other.
- この擬古楽府を能くし、山陽も『日本楽府』をものするにあたってこれを襲ったと、同書の後叙に見える。
- In the latter part of 'Nihon Gafu', it is written that Li Tung-yang was good at giko gafu and Sanyo followed him in producing 'Nihon Gafu.'
- 鉄筋コンクリート造が通例であるが、伊賀上野城や郡上八幡城、綾城の模擬天守のように木造のものもある。
- This type were usually reconstructed in the reinforced concrete structure, but some were in the wooden construction, such as the Imitation Tenshu of Iga Ueno-jo Castle, Gujo Hachiman-jo Castle, and Aya-jo Castle.
- 以上のように情景描写に使われる事が多いが、「野崎詣り」などでは舟が移動するなどの擬音に用いられる。
- Thus, background music is often used to represent emotional landscapes though it can be used to simulate sounds of various objects like a moving ship in 'Pilgrimage to Nozaki.'
- (この特徴は宝珠全体のもので、先述の五輪塔・宝塔・石灯籠・擬宝珠(ぎぼし)においても同様である)。
- (This characteristic is common to sacred gems generally; it is the same as gorinto and hoto referred to above, ishidoro [stone lantern] and giboshi [ornamental top of a railing].)
- だから火葬にしてやろう」と禅の窮地に立った擬人化を行い茶道具には和心が生きているという文章を残す。
- That's why I've decided to destroy them by fire,' leaving behind writings that showed his Zen dilemma due to having anthropomorphized his tea utensils to the point that his own spirit dwelt within them.
- なお、万葉集中の歌には月を擬人化した例として、他に「月人」や「ささらえ壮士」などの表現も見られる。
- Other examples of metaphors of the moon in 'Manyoshu' include expressions such as 'Tsukihito (moon person)' and 'Sasarae otoko (little beautiful boy).'
- 延喜式神名帳名神大社「山城国宇治郡 山科神社二座」に擬せられた時もあったが、現在は否定されている。
- There was a period where the shrine was considered a Myojin-taisha Shrine 'Yamashiro-jinja Shrine Niza in Uji District, Yamashiro Province' in Engishiki Jinmyocho (the list of deities), which is now denied.
- 吉田松陰の唱えた一君万民思想は擬似的な平等思想であり、幕府の権威を否定するイデオロギーともなった。
- The Ikkunpanmin Shiso (the thought where constitutional authority was given to only one ruler and any discrimination and distinction against social status were generally not allowed among people) is spurious thought on equality, but it also became an ideology to deny the authority of shogunate.
- なお、後世の系図では宇都宮氏の祖にも擬せられるが、この点については諸説があり必ずしも定かではない。
- Further, according to the historical genealogy, Kanetaka was likened to the ascendant of the Utsunomiya Clan, but opinion is divided on this account and it is not certain.
- 歌道(かどう)とは、和歌の創作や和歌自体に関する学問(歌論・歌学)を追及する学芸を道に擬えたもの。
- Kado, which literally means an art of poems, is an art of creating waka (traditional Japanese poems of thirty-one syllables) and a study regarding waka itself (treatise on waka poetry and the study of waka).
- この改築で、現存する最古の1636年(寛永13年)の刻印がある擬宝珠の、形状と大きさに合わせてある。
- This reconstruction installed Giboshi of the same size and shape of the remaining oldest Giboshi with an inscription of thirteenth year of Kanei, or 1636.
- (復元天守・復興天守・模擬天守・天守閣風建物の各詳細に関しては天守近・現代の天守建設を参照のこと。)
- (For details on restored castle towers, reconstructed castle towers, reconstructed imitation keeps, and donjon-like buildings, refer to the construction of modern and present donjons.)
- 私擬憲法(しぎけんぽう)とは、明治時代の大日本帝国憲法発布以前に、民間で検討された憲法の私案のこと。
- Shigi Kenpo are draft constitutions created by nongovernmental bodies before the issuance of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan in the Meiji period.
- 日本神話から後村上天皇の即位(後醍醐天皇の死を「獲麟」に擬したという)までが、天皇の代毎に記される。
- The book describes each successive generation of Japanese emperor, from the age of myth all the way up until Emperor Gomurakami's enthronement (the passage on Emperor Godaigo's death is borrowed from the Kakurin, a section from an ancient Chinese history book).
- 森鴎外の用法に擬西洋造(まがいせいようづくり)とあるが、言葉の指す範囲は上記の説明とは一致していない。
- Novelist Ogai MORI used 'Magai-seiyo-zukuri' (擬西洋造) (a quasi-Western structure), but his definition of the term was different from that mentioned above.
- これらの事実は、律令施行があたかも一つの王朝の創始(または国家建設)に擬せられていたことを表している。
- All of these things show that the enforcement of the Ritsuryo was likened to the founding of a dynasty (or the establishment of a country).
- 1874年(明治7年)からの自由民権運動において、様々な憲法私案(私擬憲法)が各地で盛んに執筆された。
- During the Freedom and People's Rights Movement since 1874, many common people all over Japan published their own ideas for a constitution.
- なお、神田秀夫によって『万葉集』の編者のひとりに擬せられているが、現在では支持するひとはほとんどない。
- Although Hideo KANDA counted Prince Yuge as one of the compilers of 'Manyoshu,' very few support this theory today.
- 擬洋風建築は外観に洋風デザインを採りいれているが、小屋組などの基礎構造は和風建築の技術が用いられている。
- Gi-yofu architecture outwardly employed Western-style designs but used traditional Japanese techniques in the basic structures such as in roof frameworks.
- ニュース映画や文化映画などの興行を主体にしながら、アイドホールを用いた擬似テレビジョン公演なども行った。
- Although news films and cultural films were mainly screened at this theater, pseudo-television show using Eidophor was also played.
- しかし、驚くには及ばない。サタンも光の天使に擬装するのだから。 (コリント人への第二の手紙 11:14)
- And no wonder, for even Satan masquerades as an angel of light. (2 Corinthians 11:14)
- 作業に従事した棟梁たちがその後も形式を踏襲したため、東北地方には多数の擬洋風建築が存在することとなった。
- There are many buildings built in Gi-yofu architecture in Tohoku region, as toryo (master builder) who engaged in the constructions followed the same style.
- これら居留地の建築に刺激を受けた棟梁たちが明治初期にかけて各地に見よう見まねの洋館を建てた(擬洋風建築)。
- Inspired by these new structures in the foreign settlements, Japanese builders began to construct Western-style houses and buildings (Gi-yofu Kenchiku).
- 邦良の未亡人である禖子(後宇多の皇女)を大覚寺統の家長に擬して、彼女に次期皇太子の推薦を要請したのである。
- He asked the widow of Kuniyoshi, Baishi (princess of Gouda) to recommend the next Crown Prince as the acting head of the Daikakuji line.
- 舖綱は『擬独語』を著わし、藩校創設の基礎を築き上げるなど、藩政を立て直すために積極的な藩政改革を目指した。
- He actively worked on the reformation of domain duties to recover the administration of the Domain by writing 'Gidokugo' (an essay by Nobutsuna KUTSUKI) and establishing the base for the foundation of domain school.
- 親柱が木製の場合、擬宝珠は銅、青銅などの金属製である場合が多く、雨水などによる木材の腐食を抑える役目もある。
- When a newel post is made of a piece of wood, the giboshi is most often made of a metal, such as brass or bronze, in order to make the wood less susceptible to damage such as due to rain water.
- 大規模な軍隊がわれわれのところに駐留する法律州の住民に対して犯した殺人の罪から、模擬裁判で軍隊を保護する法律
- For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from Punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:
- 宋は圧迫されて北方の帝国と国家同士の擬制的な血縁関係(たとえば宋を兄、遼を弟とするような外交関係)を結んだ。
- Under the pressure of these dynasties, the Sung dynasty made a fictitious blood relationship (for example, diplomatic relations assuming Sun as the older brother and Liao as the younger brother) with them.
- これにより、私擬憲法が政府に持ち寄られて議論されることはなく、大日本帝国憲法に直接反映されることはなかった。
- Because of this, Shigi Kenpo were no longer brought to the government for discussion and thus were not directly reflected in the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 1887年12月26日に制定、発布され、即日施行された保安条例によって、私擬憲法の検討及び作成は禁じられた。
- Consideration and creation of Shigi Kenpo were banned by Hoan-jorei (regulations for the preservation of law and order) which had become effective on December 26, 1887, the same day of its establishment and issuance.
- 本来綱吉は兄・徳川綱重が先に死去していたため、襲職した経緯もあり、綱重の子・徳川家宣が後継に擬せられていた。
- Since Tsunayoshi succeeded shogunate after the death of his older brother, Tsunashige TOKUGAWA, a son of Tsunashige, Ienobu TOKUGAWA, was set down as a candidate for the successor.
- 8代将軍足利義政の幼少の頃から養育し、1443年には管領の畠山持国の仲介で義政との擬似父子関係を取り結んだ。
- Sadachika raised young Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, the future 8th shogun, and through mediation by Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA, then kanrei (top official post in the Muromachi bakufu), formed a spurious father-son relation with Yoshimasa.
- 『不動利益縁起絵巻』にも安倍晴明とその使役される式神が5体描かれていて、鶏や角盥や五徳を擬人化したものである。
- ABE no Seimei and five shikigami (deity which performs according to Onmyoshi) are seen in 'Fudo Rieki Engi Emaki,' and these shikigami are the personified chicken, tsuno-daira and gotoku.
- 富士塚は、富士山に行くことが出来ない人たちでも擬似的に富士山の登拜を体験することができるようにするものである。
- Those mounds were designed to allow people who couldn't visit Mt. Fuji to experience climbing Mt. Fuji and worship it on a simulated manner.
- 「大学と地域が連携した全く新しいお祭り」を目指しており、学生だけでなく市民も模擬店やステージ発表に参加できる。
- It aims at 'totally new festival in cooperation between university and the local community,' so not only the students but also citizens can partake in the refreshment stalls and performances on stage.
- このようにして成立した幕藩体制国家は、対外関係を華夷秩序に擬制して編成し、具体的には海禁政策(鎖国)をとった。
- The nation of the shogunate system which had been built up this way created its foreign relations by imitating the order of kai and adopted the kaikin policy (national isolation) in practice.
- 天皇の母がすでに死去している場合、または生母の身分が低すぎる場合などに、母に擬して准母を定めることが行われた。
- In case either the mother of the emperor was already dead or the rank of the real mother was too low, 'Junbo' (a woman who was given the status equivalent to the emperor's birth mother) was assigned to be the mother.
- 跡地は京都市により運動公園として整備されたほか、解体予定だった模擬天守は地元の要望もあり残されることとなった。
- The site was rearranged as an athletic park by Kyoto City, and the replica castle, which was planned to be demolished at first, was decided to remain by the local's request.
- 『拾遺和歌集』にもとられいるので、平安以降の人麻呂の多くの歌がそうであるように、人麻呂に擬せられた歌であろう。
- Because 'Shui wakashu' (Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poems) also contains this poem, it is likely to be one modeled after Hitomaro, as many of Hitomaro's poems in the Heian Period and afterwards are.
- 祭り笛の音は俗に「ぴーひゃらら」と擬音で表現されるが、「ひゃらら」の部分が「打ち指」技法の特色をよく表している。
- The flute sound of festivals is commonly expressed using the onomatopoeia 'pi-hyarara,' and 'hyarara' perfectly represents the characteristic of the uchiyubi technique.
- 動物や人物を戯画的に書いたもので、特にウサギ・カエル・ニホンザルなどを擬人化して書かれた甲巻が非常に有名である。
- In particular, the scroll Otsu in which rabbits, frogs and monkeys were personified and depicted is very famous.
- 現在の天守は1983年に犬山城や伏見城をモデルにし模擬復元されたもので市立長浜城歴史博物館として運営されている。
- The current main building of the castle was rebuilt in 1983 modeled on Inuyama-jo Castle and Fushimi-jo Castle, and houses the City's Nagahama-jo Castle Historical Museum.
- 松本記念ホール陪審法廷は、学生をはじめ一般にも広く解放され、模擬裁判の授業や、シンポジウムなどにも利用されている。
- 'The MATSUMOTO memorial hall, a jury court' is open to the general public in addition to students, and has been used for simulated trial lessons and for symposiums as well.
- いずれも一見単純な明るい笑いの画のようでありながら、深い批判精神を含む作品群であり、鳥羽僧正の作に擬せられている。
- Although at a glance these works appear to be simple, cheerful and humorous paintings, they are rich with satire spirit and are assumed to be Toba Sojo's works.
- また、天皇の生母ではないが、養母として天皇の養育にあたった后妃や、母に準ずる存在に擬せられた女性を「准母」という。
- On the other hand, although not the real mother of the crown prince but an empress or princess who fostered the crown prince as an adoptive mother or a woman who played the role of his mother is titled 'junbo' (a woman who was given the status equivalent to the emperor's birth mother).
- 第一項の型式の航空機の模擬飛行装置を国土交通大臣の指定する方式により操作した経験は、第一項又は前項の経験とみなす。
- Experience in operating an aircraft simulator of the type given under paragraph (1), according to methods designated by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, shall be regarded as experience under paragraph (1) or the preceding paragraph.
- 明治13年(1880年)から翌年にかけて作成されたとされる「憲法草稿評林」は、民権論的な私擬憲法として注目される。
- Kenpo Soko Hyorin' is considered to have written by him from 1880 to 1881 and to be important as a privately-drafted constitution advocating the people's rights.
- 擬宝珠は、伝統的な建築物の装飾で橋や神社、寺院の階段、廻縁の高欄(手すり、欄干)の柱の上に設けられている飾りである。
- A giboshi is a traditional ornamental feature, which decorates the top of posts or balustrades (handrails, banisters) of bridges, shrines or temples.
- 特に近代工法で建てられた模擬天守や復興天守・外観復元天守などは「歴史遺構の破壊になっているのでは」との意見もあった。
- More especially, in regard to imitation Tenshu and reconstructed Tenshu/externally restored Tenshu which were constructed by modern building methods, some expressed concern about 'the possible destruction of historical heritage.'
- 擬宝珠は時代により形状が変化しており、一例として高さに比べ直径の大きく頭の宝珠状部分が小さいものを「鎌倉型」という。
- The shapes of giboshi have changed according to the age, and as an example, giboshi whose hoju part is relatively small, with a diameter larger than the height, is called 'Kamakura type.'
- 橋が架けられた時期は明らかではないが、豊臣秀吉の命により改修された記録があり、欄干には当時の擬宝珠も一部残っている。
- Although it is unknown when it was built, there is a record in which it states Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI ordered the renovation of the bridge, and some ornamental railing tops made at that time remain today.
- 母の姉妹が源実朝の室だった関係もあり、建保7年(1219年)の実朝横死後は一時後継の征夷大将軍候補に擬せられていた。
- Because his mother's sister was the wife of MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, he was temporarily slated for appointment as a prospective seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') after Sanetomo died a sudden death in 1219.
- 三浦は後村上天皇系の南朝を後醍醐天皇が陽動作戦のために吉野に設けた擬天皇とするため、この系統が南朝正統と主張している。
- Because MIURA considered that the Southern Court of the family line of the Emperor Gomurakami was a false emperor assigned in Yoshino by the Emperor Godaigo for diversionary tactics, he insisted that this line was a Legitimate Succession of the Southern Court.
- 猫に限らず、狸・雀・蛸などの身近な動物を擬人化して世相を風刺したり、動物に託して江戸の庶民の生活を描写した作品も多い。
- Not only cats but also many other animals around him such as raccoons, sparrows and octopuses were also personified to satirize the world or to depict the everyday life of ordinary people in Edo (Tokyo).
- 編者は弘文天皇の曾孫にあたる淡海三船と考える説が有力である、また他に石上宅嗣、藤原刷雄、等が擬されているが確証はない。
- As to the editor of Kaifuso, the most popular opinion has been that it was the great grandson of Emperor Kobun OMI no Mifune and while other people such as ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu and FUJIWARA no Yoshio were also considered, it remains inconclusive.
- 中国の李東陽(1447 - 1516)の「擬古楽府」に倣って古代から織豊時代までの歴史事件を歌謡風に詠じたものである。
- Modeled on 'Giko Gafu' by Chinese poet Li Tung-yang (1447 - 1516), 'Nihon Gafu' covers in a ballad style historical events and incidents that occurred from ancient times up to the Shokuho era (Oda-Toyotomi era, as known as Azuchi Momoyama period).
- 昭和の戦前より城郭建築の復興事業、特に天守の建設が行われ、洲本城や上野城などに模擬天守、大坂城には復興天守が建てられた。
- Citadels were restored, especially castle towers that were built from before the war in the Showa period, reconstructed imitation keeps were built in Sumoto-jo Castle and Ueno-jo Castle and a reconstructed tenshu (keep) that was built on Osaka-jo Castle.
- 「高時が団十郎の似顔にかかれてあるは勿論、それをひき廻している天狗どもが、すべて求古会員に擬えてあるというのであった。」
- `Aside from Takatoki looking like Danjuro's, all the Tengu that dragged Takatoki about resembled members of Kyuko.'
- のち實川額十郎の門人となり、さらに尾上菊五郎 (4代目)に認められて養子となり尾上梅幸を襲名、音羽屋の後継者に擬せられる。
- He later became a student of Gakujuro JITSUKAWA and then was highly valued and adopted by Kikugoro ONOE (IV) to take the name Baiko ONOE, and was regarded as successor to the Otowaya stage family name.
- また、「はんなり」のような2音節目に「ん」、4音節目に「り」を持つ擬態語(「ぐんなり」、「ちんまり」など)が多く存在する。
- Also many mimetic words are used like 'gunnari' (literally, 'limb'), 'chinmari' (literally, 'very small') and so on, which have 'n' at the second syllable and 'ri' at the fourth syllable as in the word 'hannari.'
- 擬漢文体で書かれ、衣食住、職業、領国経営、建築、司法、職分、仏教、武具、教養、療養など、多岐にわたる一般常識を内容とする。
- Written in pseudo-Chinese style, Teikin Orai covered a wide range of topics on general knowledge including lifestyle, vocation, territory management, architecture, law, duty, Buddhism, weapons, education, and medical treatment.
- また入鹿に紫冠を授け大臣と擬し、弟を物部大臣と呼び、屋敷を宮上の門(みかど)とよばせるなど自らを大王に擬する行為があった。
- Moreover, he behaved like okimi (great king) by giving Iruka the purple cap for oomi (a highest officer in national politics of the Yamato dynasty), calling his younger brother Mononobe no oomi, and naming his residence kyujo no mikada (Gate on Imperial Palace).
- 「物語」といった場合、最も狭義には『竹取物語』にはじまり、鎌倉時代の擬古物語に至る古典の物語文学作品そのもののことを指す。
- Monogatari' in the narrowest sense refers to the classical monogatari works which began with 'Taketori Monogatari' (the Tale of Bamboo Cutter) and ended with Giko monogatari (pseudo-classic monogatari) in the Kamakura period.
- たとえ相手が完全に戦闘力を失ったかのように見えてもそれは擬態である可能性もあり、油断した隙を突いて反撃が来ることが有り得る。
- Even if the opponent seems to have lost fighting power completely, it can be camouflage, and the opponent may return the attack by taking advantage of one's being off guard.
- しかし、政府はこれらの私擬憲法を持ち寄り議論することなく、大日本帝国憲法を起草したため、憲法に直接反映されることはなかった。
- However, since the government drafted the Constitution of the Empire of Japan without discussing public ideas, they were not reflected in the constitution at all.
- 伏見城をイメージした模擬天守(鉄筋コンクリート構造)とジェットコースター、ゴーカートなどの遊戯施設およびプールなどがあった。
- There were a replica of a keep copying Fushimi-jo Castle (reinforced concrete structure), attractions including roller coasters, go-cart trucks and a swimming pool.
- 二重瓦屋根、黒漆塗り金具打ちの柱、高欄朱塗りで擬宝珠(ぎぼし)金箔張り…黒柱は東本願寺の阿弥陀堂、二重屋根は大師堂を模したもの
- The double-layered tiled roof, the black lacquered pillar with metal fittings, the vermilion-lacquered balustrade with the ornamental railing knob gilded with gold leaf: the black pillar is designed after the Amida Hall of Higashi Honganji, and the double-layered roof is designed after the Daishido Hall
- 寄親・寄子(よりおや・よりこ)とは、中世日本において親子に擬制して結ばれた主従関係あるいはこれに准ずる保護者・被保護者の関係。
- Yorioya-Yoriko refers to the master-servant relationship similar to the parent-child relationship created in medieval Japan or the relationship of the guardian and the protected person based on the master-servant relationship.
- また、無類の猫好きとしても知られ、常に数匹の猫を飼い、懐に猫を抱いて作画していたと伝えられるほどで、猫を擬人化した作品も多い。
- Also known as an incomparable cat lover, Kuniyoshi kept several cats all the time, and it is even said that he painted with his cats in his arm and there are a plenty of his works in which cats are personified.
- 近現代に造られた天守は、復元天守(復原天守)(木造復元天守・外観復元天守)・復興天守・模擬天守・天守閣風建造物に分けられている。
- Tenshu constructed in modern/contemporary times are divided into the categories of restored Tenshu (復元天守) (also written as 復原天守) (restored wooden Tenshu and externally restored Tenshu), reconstructed Tenshu, imitation Tenshu, and Tenshukaku-style structure.
- 桧造りの高欄は、橋の姿が宇治川の自然や橋周辺の歴史遺産と調和するように、擬宝珠を冠した木製高覧という伝統的な形状を使用している。
- This bridge has traditional wooden railings of Japanese cypress with Giboshi (the onion shaped decoration on bridge posts) so that its figure fits into the natural environment of the Uji-gawa River and historical heritage sites in the neighborhood.
- 1964年 - 伏見城花畑跡に遊園地「伏見桃山城キャッスルランド」が建設され、その目玉として模擬天守「伏見桃山城」が建設された。
- 1964 - Fushimi Momoyama-jo Castle Land, an amusement park featuring a mock castle keep 'Fushimi Momoyama-jo Castle', was built on the site of the Fushimi-jo Castle flower garden.
- しかし1872年(明治5年)には能・狂言の「皇上ヲ模擬シ、上ヲ猥涜」するものが禁止され、「勧善懲悪ヲ主トス」ることも命じられた。
- However in 1872, the Noh farce 'Imitating the Emperor, Insulting a Superior' was prohibited and 'Encourage goodwill and punish evil' was also banned by law.
- ヒンドゥー教では、別名である原語の“黒耳”が擬人化され、シヴァ神の妃であるドゥルガーと同一視され、またヤマ(閻魔)神の妹とされた。
- 'Kuromimi' which was another name of Kokuanten in the original language in Hindooism was personalized and identified with Durga, the empress of Shiva (the god), and was considered to be the younger sister of Yama (Enma) (the god).
- 同年の国会期成同盟でも国会開設を前提とした制憲議会確立を求める決議が出され、その準備のために各地で私擬憲法が作成される事になった。
- At the National Assembly Association of the same year, it was voted that a constitution-forming body should be established before the opening of the National Diet, and each province began formulating constituion drafts.
- 歴代藩主の中でも第7代藩主・朽木舖綱と第8代藩主・朽木昌綱は文人として知られ、前者は『擬独語』を著わし、藩校創設の基礎を築き上げた。
- Among the successive lords of the domain, the seventh lord, Nobutsuna KUTSUKI, and the eighth lord, Masatsuna KUTSUKI, were known as men of letters, and the former who wrote 'Gidokugo' (miscellaneous notes) established the foundation for a domain school.
- 複数原子炉事象と長時間全交流電源喪失事象に対して定期的な訓練と演習を行い、その際、可能な限り、サイト外資源を特定し獲得または模擬する。
- Conduct periodic training and exercises for multiunit and prolonged SBO scenarios. Practice (simulate) the identification and acquisition of offsite resources, to the extent possible.
- 家綱が後嗣のないまま死去すると、次弟の甲府藩主・綱重がすでに死去していたこともあり、その下の弟の館林藩主・徳川綱吉が後継に擬せられた。
- When Ietsuna died without an heir, the next younger brother Tsunashige, lord of the Kofu domain, had already died by that time, and a younger brother Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, lord of the Tatebayashi Domain, was appointed as a successor.
- 模擬飛行装置又は飛行訓練装置を国土交通大臣の指定する方式により操作した経験は、前項の規定の適用については、計器飛行を行つた経験とみなす。
- Through the application of the provisions of the previous paragraph, experience of maneuvers using an aircraft simulator or flight training device according to methods designated by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism shall be regarded as experience of carrying out instrument flight.
- 政界遊泳に長けていたばかりでなく、歌人としても存在感を発揮し、『千載集』に入選している他、近年では『朗詠百首』の作者にも擬せられている。
- He not only knew very well how to survive in the political world but was also recognized as an excellent poet; his poems were selected for 'Senzaishu' (Collection of a Thousand Years) and recently he is mentioned as a possible writer of 'Roei hyakushu' (literally, one hundred of poems for recitation).
- 二重瓦屋根(宮殿) 黒漆塗りの柱(宮殿・外柱) 高欄朱塗りで擬宝珠(ぎぼし)金箔張り 黒柱は東本願寺の阿弥陀堂、二重屋根は大師堂を模したもの
- Butsudan with a double tiled roof (palace) made in imitation of Daishi-do hall of Higashi Hongan-ji temple, with black lacquered pillars (palace and outer pillars) made in imitation of Amidado hall of the same temple, and with vermillion lacquered balustrades with gilded ornamental railing tops.
- 彼は、これを曼荼羅に擬え、空海の脳裏にあったのは、天・地を中心としてそれを東・南・西・北が時計回りに取り巻く曼荼羅的構図であったと考察する。
- He compared it to Mandala and assumed that Kukai should have imagined a Mandala-like configuration with Heaven and Earth in the center and East, South, West, and North surrounding them clockwise.
- 正員の郡司が決まると、擬任郡司は自然に失職したが、後に国によっては国司が郡司を臨時に増員する権限を与えられ、臨時増員の郡司も擬任郡司と呼ぶ。
- When an official Gunji was appointed, Ginin Gunji naturally lost their position, but Kokushi in some provinces were later given authority to increase the number of Gunji temporarily, and those temporary Gunji were also called Ginin Gunji.
- 鳥羽僧正(とばそうじょう)と世に呼ばれ、日本仏教界の重職を務めた高僧であるのみならず、絵画にも精通し、鳥獣人物戯画などの作者に擬せられている。
- He was well known by people as Toba Sojo (high-ranking Buddhist priest) and although he was a high-ranking priest who played important roles in Japanese Buddhist society, he was also well versed in paintings and is assumed to be the painter of Choju-Jinbutsu-giga (scrolls of frolicking animals and humans).
- こういう人々はにせ使徒、人をだます働き人であって、キリストの使徒に擬装しているにすぎないからである。 (コリント人への第二の手紙 11:13)
- For such men are false apostles, deceitful workers, masquerading as Christ's apostles. (2 Corinthians 11:13)
- 国土交通大臣は、別表第三に掲げる科目について実地試験を行う場合には、その全部又は一部を模擬飛行装置又は飛行訓練装置を使用して行うことができる。
- The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism may conduct all or part of the practical examination in a flight simulator or a flight training device, when conducting a practical examination for the subjects listed in Appended Table 3.
- ただし、養子縁組とは違い、契約関係によって成立し、子供の姓は変わらないなど親子関係の結びつきが弱く擬制的な側面(その子の後見人となる)が強い。
- Unlike adoption, however, Yushi was based on a contract and had a weak connection, and a child's surname was not changed, so it was rather a fictitious parent-child relationship (in which a parent became guardian in many cases).
- 伏見宮系の皇族はもちろんこの範囲には収まらないが、邦家親王を皇玄孫に擬制し、邦家親王の4世(玄孫)までを皇族の身分にとどめるものとされていた。
- The Fushiminomiya line of the Imperial Family were not included under this regulation, it was decided to add fictitious Imperial Princes to great-great grandchild of the Imperial Family, and to keep four generations (great-great grand child) of Imperial Princes in the ranks of the Imperial Family.
- 同様のことは先の李東陽についても言え、その擬古楽府は社会一般に通行している歴史観と相容れぬ独断の歴史世界を描いたものと当時から揶揄されていた。
- The same is true of 'Giko Gafu' poems by Li Tung-yang, and they were derided at that time as describing his dogmatic worldview of history which was contradictory to the socially conventional view of history.
- 明治新政府が推進した殖産興業や富国強兵・脱亜入欧などの一連の政策の推進や西洋建築(→西洋館・擬洋風建築)、散髪、洋装、洋食などの奨励がみられる。
- The new Meiji government promoted the policies of industrial development, wealth and military strength of Japan, leaving Asia and entering Europe, while the government also promoted the adaptation of Western culture and customs, such as Western-style architecture, (=>Western style building and pseudo Western style architecture) short-cut hair removing the topknot of a man, Western style clothing, and Western style food and cooking.
- 1869年にはエジンバラ公爵の来日に際して能が演じられたが、1872年(明治5年)には能・狂言の「皇上ヲ模擬シ、上ヲ猥涜」するものが禁止された。
- Although Noh performance was conducted when The Duke of Edinburgh visited Japan in 1869, a government order was issued in 1872 by which Noh/kyogen that 'mocks or insults the Emperor' was prohibited.
- また例えば浜寺公園駅駅舎は、建築家、辰野金吾の設計によるもので、このような正規の建築教育を受けた建築家や技師の建てたものは擬洋風建築とは言わない。
- Buildings designed or built by officially educated architects or engineers, such as the building of Hamaderakoen Station designed by architect Kingo TATSUNO, are also not called Gi-yofu architecture.
- もとは刀の触れあうチャンチャンバラバラという擬音から出た言葉で、現在ではやや侮蔑した響きや安っぽい感じがあるために、公然と用いられることは少ない。
- It derives from an imitative sound, chanchan barabara which expresses the clashing sound of sword fight, but because it sounds insulting and cheap, it is not used openly now.
- また、明治時代に南西に1.7Kmほど離れたところにある現在の倉梯岡上陵に治定されるまでは、江戸時代から赤坂天王山古墳が崇峻天皇陵に擬せられていた。
- In addition, until the current Kurahashi Okanoueno Misasagi, which is 1.7 kilometers away in the southwest, is determined as Mausoleum of Emperor Sushun in Meiji period, Akasaka Tennozan-kofun Tumulus has been regarded as Mausoleum of Emperor Sushun from Edo period.
- 模擬飛行装置又は飛行訓練装置を国土交通大臣の指定する方式により操作した経験は、前項の規定の適用については、航空機の運航に従事した飛行経験とみなす。
- Experience in operating an aircraft simulator or a flight training device according to methods designated by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, shall be regarded as experience in operating an aircraft under the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
- 道具や、一般に人格を認められることのない家畜・動植物・自然などに、神霊が宿り意志を持つといった価値観は、戯画や漫画などの擬人化の一環とし考えられる。
- The sense of values that believes divine spirits exist in tools, domestic animals, animals, plants and nature, in which personality is not generally recognized, is considered to have derived from the fact that they were personified in caricatures and comics.
- 細長の着用は『石清水物語』をはじめとする鎌倉時代の擬古物語にも見えるが、この時代にはまさに擬古的な雰囲気を出すために記されただけであろうと思われる。
- Though stories about wearing hosonaga are also seen in archaistic tales such as the 'Iwashimizu Monogatari' (Tale of Iwashimizu) written during the Kamakura period, it is thought that it may have only been described to create the atmosphere of the ancient times.
- 軍用手票(ぐんようしゅひょう)とは、戦争時において占領地もしくは勢力下にて軍隊が現地からの物資調達及びその他の支払いのために発行される擬似紙幣である。
- Gunyoshuhyo is pseudo currency issued during wars for military forces to pay for commodities and other necessaries in its occupying areas or areas under their control.
- 平安以降、所在が不明になり、幕末の天皇陵整理で、あるいは元禄以降、神武天皇陵と擬せられるが、明治にはいり明治11年、綏靖天皇陵に訂正治定され、改修された。
- As the location had been unknown since Heian period, it was likened to be the Mausoleum of Emperor Jinmu at the organization of imperial mausoleums at the end of Edo period, or from Genroku era, however, over Meiji period, it was revised and authorized to be the Mausoleum of Emperor Suizei, and repaired in 1878.
- 「四納言」という言葉は、『十訓抄』(第一、四納言事)に由来し、漢の劉邦の時代に実在した「四皓」(『史記』留侯世家)と呼ばれる賢者に擬えられたと言われている。
- It is said that the word 'Shinagon' was derived from 'Jukkinsho' (A Miscellany of Ten Maxims - Chapter 1: Shinagon), and was patterned after a wise man of the Liu Bang era of Han China, called 'Shiko' ('Shiki,' the Lord Liu Genealogy).
- 全編、詞書のない白描画であり、うち甲巻と乙巻は、かえる、うさぎ、さる、きつねなどの動物を擬人化して描き、軽妙な筆致で末法の世相を風刺した異色の絵巻物である。
- All scrolls are the hakubyoga (white monochrome drawing) without Kotobagaki, and in its volumes one and two, animals such as frogs, rabbits, monkeys, and foxes are personified and described; these are the unique emakimono that squibbed the social situations of Mappo with a light touch.
- なおこのソメイヨシノを1882年に植林したのは、擬似科学批判で知られる物理学者菊池誠 (大阪大学)の曽祖父で、「青森りんごの始祖」とも言われる菊池楯衛である。
- Further, this Someiyoshino was planted in 1882 by Tatee KIKUCHI, who is said to be the 'founder of Aomori apples'; he was also a great-grandfather of the physicist Makoto KIKUCHI (Osaka University), who is known for his criticism against pseudoscience.
- そして、この場合もやはり、撰者は孔子に擬せられ、各経書に対する注釈という形式をとって、易姓革命や自然災害などを孔子が予言していたものとして、当時、受容された。
- In the 'Isho,' which was written in the form of notes to each Chinese classics of Confucianism, the author/compiler was asserted to be Confucius, and the Isho was accepted in those days as the medium through which Confucius supposedly predicted the Ekisei revolution (an ancient Chinese political concept), various natural disasters and more.
- かつて京都は、中国の首都であった洛陽に擬えて「洛陽」とも呼ばれており、京都へ上る事は「上洛」とも称され、広義においては現在の「上京」と同様の意味で用いられていた。
- In the past Kyoto was also called 'Rakuyo' by making an analogy to Rakuyo (洛陽), the capital of China, and going to Kyoto was called 'joraku (上洛),' which had the same meaning of the term 'jokyo (going to Tokyo)' at present in a broad sense.
- 前項の型式の航空機の模擬飛行装置又は飛行訓練装置を国土交通大臣の指定する方式により操作した経験は、前項の規定の適用については、二十五時間以内に限り飛行経験とみなす。
- Up to 25 hours of experience in maneuvering an aircraft simulator of the type described in the previous paragraph, or aircraft training device as specified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism shall be deemed flight experience under the provisions of the previous paragraph.
- 元老としても重きをなし、陸軍では山縣有朋と並ぶ大実力者となったが、政治的野心や権力欲は乏しく、元老の中では西郷従道と並んで総理候補に擬せられることを終始避け続けた。
- He was highly esteemed as the elder statesman and became a person of great influence in the army as well as Aritomo YAMAGATA, but lacked in political ambitions and a desire for power, and thereby kept declining to be a candidate of the prime minister together with Tsugumichi SAIGO.
- これを「真理を見つめる眼が仏を産む」更に「人に真理を見せて仏として生まれ変わらせる宇宙の神性」という様に擬人化して考え、仏母即ち「仏の母」としての仏眼信仰に発展した。
- This is personified as 'eyes looking at the truth will give birth to Buddha', and further as 'divinity of the universe to make a person look at the truth to reborn as a Buddha', which were further developed into worship of Buddha's eyes that symbolize the mother of Buddha.
- 家集に『山家集』(六家集の一)『山家心中集』(自撰)『聞書集』、その逸話や伝説を集めた説話集に『撰集抄』『西行物語』があり、『撰集抄』については作者に擬せられている。
- Kashu (personal collection of poetry) includes 'Sankashu' (The first volume of the six Kashu), 'Sankashinchushu' (selected by Saigyo) and 'Kikigakishu,' whereas, the narrative collections compiling his anecdotes and legends includes 'Senjusho' and 'The Tales of Saigyo' and the author of 'Senjusho' is assumed to be Saigyo himself.
- 元禄赤穂事件における赤穂浪士の処分裁定論議では、林鳳岡をはじめ室鳩巣・浅見絅斎などが賛美助命論を展開したのに対し、次のように私義切腹論を主張し、「徂徠擬律書」として上申。
- In the debate of punishment decision for Ako Roshi (lordless samurai of Ako domain) in the Genroku Ako Incident, as competition with people including Hoko HAYASHI, Kyuso MURO and Keisai ASAMI who confirmed the theory of admiring and saving life, Sorai insisted on the theory of private duty and Seppuku (suiside by disembowelment), and escalated as 'Sorai Giritsusho' as follows.
- 動と静の対比、時間の推移の描写、擬態語・対句・同音反復の頻繁な使用など、従来の用語を使いながらも、革新的な試みがなされ、二条派の平淡な歌風に馴染んだ人に鮮明な印象を与える。
- Contrasting movement and stillness, describing the passage of time, and with frequent use of gitaigo (mimetic words), parallelism, and sound repetition, even while using the traditional vocabulary, it was a revolutionary effort that makes a vivid impression on anyone more familiar with the flat style of the Nijo faction.
- 木造の橋が現在のコンクリート製になったのは1979年(昭和54年)のことであるが、橋の特徴である擬宝珠は歴代受け継がれており、「文政」「明治」などの銘が入ったものも現存する。
- Although the wooden bridge was reconstructed again in concrete in 1979, biboshi (the original ornamental railing tops) accentuating and characterizing this bridge with the inscriptions of the time periods on them by saying 'Bunsei' or 'Meiji' periods, have been handed over in generations and reused for the new bridge.
- だから、たといサタンの手下どもが、義の奉仕者のように擬装したとしても、不思議ではない。彼らの最期は、そのしわざに合ったものとなろう。 (コリント人への第二の手紙 11:15)
- It is no great thing therefore if his servants also masquerade as servants of righteousness, whose end will be according to their works. (2 Corinthians 11:15)
- 系図にもう一人平徳子の姉で左大臣藤原兼雅室となった清盛の娘があるが、この女子を常盤の娘に擬したところ、のちに年代が合わない事から、もう一人女子を新しく系図に加えた疑いもある。
- The genealogy mentions another daughter of Kiyomori, who was an older sister of TAIRA no Tokuko and became a lawful wife of FUJIWARA no Kanemasa, the Minister of the Left; but if this woman is supposed to be Tokiwa's daughter, then a discrepancy in date arises, and it is thus suspected that an extra woman was added to the genealogy at a later date.
- 太鼓台には神輿(神の輿)としての役割はないが、布団屋根の太鼓台の布団部分、また神輿屋根の太鼓台の擬宝珠部分には神霊が宿ると考える地域があることから、ある種の依り代とも考えられる。
- Although the taikodai serves no function in festivals as mikoshi (portable shrine), the taikodai is also believed to be a kind of yorishiro (an object where the gods reside) because divine spirits are thought to dwell at the roof part of the futonyane (roof part of a taikodai is called 'futon') on the taikodai, or at a giboshi (a decoration in the shape of the onion-bulb jewel) of the mikoshiyane (a roof of a mikoshi) on the taikodai in some areas.
- その最中の同年8月7日、頼綱が一族郎従を率いて鎌倉参上を擬し謀反を企てているとの風聞があり、北条義時、大江広元、安達景盛らが北条政子邸に合し、小山朝政を召し出して評議が行われた。
- On September 28th in the same year, in the midst of the incident, there was a rumor that Yoritsuna was plotting a rebellion, camouflaging it as if he had intended to visit Kamakura for support leading the vassals of the family, so Yoshitoki Hojo, OE no Hiromoto, and Kagemori ADACHI gathered at the residence of Masako HOJO and summoned Tomomasa OYAMA to discuss the matter.
- しかし、「洋風」という言葉が既に「西欧のような」という意味を含んでおり、その上に「擬」という語を重ねるのは適切でないとして、「明治初期洋風建築」という用語を提唱する建築史家もいる。
- Some architecture historians propose to use the term 'Meiji Shoki Yofu Kenchiku' (Western-style architecture in the early Meiji period), saying 'yofu' means 'Western-style' and adding 'gi ' (quasi- or pseudo-) is inappropriate.
- 法第六十九条の規定により計器飛行を行う航空機乗組員は、操縦する日からさかのぼつて百八十日までの間に、六時間以上の計器飛行(模擬計器飛行を含む。)を行つた経験を有しなければならない。
- Flight crew-members carrying out instrument flight under the provisions of Article 69 of the Act shall have more than 6 hours instrument flight experience (including simulator flight) over the 180 days preceding the date of flight maneuvers.
- 備後国の鞆の浦にいた足利義昭(実質的には毛利氏)に頼り朝倉家を再興しようと奔走した朝倉宮増丸、及び家督後継者と擬せられていた朝倉景忠がいるが、中国戦線の悪化により不成功に終わった。
- There was Miyamasumaru (宮増丸) ASAKURA, who scrambled to restore the Asakura family depending on Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA (in reality depending on the Mori clan) who was stationed at Tomonoura in Bingo Province, as well as Kagetada ASAKURA, who was falsely presumed to be the successor of the family reign, although their attempt was failed due to the deteriorated war situation against China.
- 1219年(承久元年)3代将軍の源実朝が暗殺され源家の血統が絶えた時、父母が源頼朝の外戚だったことから将軍に擬せられた時期もあったが、弟の頼経が将軍になったことから九条家を興した。
- When the third shogun MINAMOTO no Sanetomo was assassinated in 1219 and the blood line of the MINAMOTO family died out, he was seen as a candidate for shogun because his parents were on MINAMOTO no Sanetomo's mother's side, but he established the Kujo family because his younger brother Yoritsune became shogun.
- 人格的主体とは個人であり、何らかの人の集団が一団となって物にたいする裁量権を行使すると考えられるようになるのは、法的擬制の本質が行き着くところまで精緻化されることによってなのである。
- A personal agent is an individual, and it is only by an eventual refinement - of the nature of a legal fiction - that any group of men is conceived to exercise a corporate discretion over objects.
- 『万葉集』の歌の中では、「ツクヨミ」或いは「ツクヨミヲトコ(月読壮士)」という表現で現れてくるが、これは単なる月の比喩(擬人化)としてのものと、神格としてのものと二種の性格をみせる。
- In the poems of 'Manyoshu,' Tsukuyomi is cited as 'Tsukuyomi' or 'Tsukuyomiotoko' and depicted in two ways: as a simple metaphor of the moon or as a deity.
- 1747年(延久4年)に再建されたものであるが白漆喰で塗られた外壁に、2重目の大入母屋や千鳥破風、軒唐破風、実用的な外廻縁と擬宝珠高欄や大きな引戸が付けられた古式で開放的な意匠である。
- It was rebuilt in 1747 with a traditional and open design having white stucco exterior walls, gables of various styles including oirimoya on the second floor, chidori, and kara, functional wrap-around verandas with baluster finial forged high handrails, and large sliding doors.
- 洞(うつろ)とは、室町時代後期から安土桃山時代にかけて、現在の東北地方及び関東地方の戦国大名に見られた形態で惣領である当主を中心に一族・家臣をまとめた擬似的要素のある族縁共同体のこと。
- Utsuro was a quasi family-related community from the late Muromachi period to the Azuchi-Momoyama period that organized family members and vassals around the head of the family, called soryo (heir); organizations such as these were seen among Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in the Tohoku and Kanto regions.
- また、順子は「菅原の君」と呼ばれていたことから(『大和物語』)、光孝天皇の後宮(更衣 (女官)か)で菅原是善の女である菅原類子を順子の母と擬定し、のちに宇多天皇の養女になったとする見解がある。
- Since Junshi was called 'Sugawara no kimi' ('Yamato Monogatari' (Tales of Yamato)), there is an theory that Junshi's mother was SUGAWARA no Tomoko, who was a kokyu (wife, possibly a court lady called koi) of Emperor Koko and a daughter of SUGAWARA no Koreyoshi, and she was adopted by Emperor Uda later.
- 従って、個人が単に技能・資質が備わっているだけでは不十分で、実際の血縁関係、もしくは擬似血縁関係で結ばれた重代・譜第(譜代)であることが、道を有する家と認められるためには重要な要件とされていた。
- Therefore, to be recognized as a family with Michi, it was not sufficient that each member had the skill and quality but it was also necessary for it to have been continued from generation to generation in a blood relationship or by marriage.
- 続いて擬文章生及び蔭位の対象者、宣旨などで特に許された者に対して式部省が直接行う省試にて詩賦を課し、それに合格することにより初めて文章生になった(記録では極稀に文章得業生に抜擢された例もある)。
- Following this, gimonjosho, those who enjoyed On I (the automatic promotion of persons at the age of 21, whose parents are from the Imperial Prince to the fifth rank, or whose grandparents are above upper third rank) and those who were given permission by imperial decree would take Shoshi (an examination held by Shikibusho for determining whether applicants are employable) on poetry, which was held directly by the Shikibu sho (the Ministry of Ceremonial) and those who passed this examination became monjosho (a record shows that in exceptional cases, students were promoted to monjo tokugosho).
- 国会開設運動の高まりに伴い、憲法の必要性が認識されるようになり、1880年11月の国会期成同盟第2回大会で、翌年に憲法草案を持参することを決議したため、翌1881年に多数の私擬憲法がつくられた。
- With the growing demand for the establishment of the National Diet, the need for a constitution began to be recognized, and in response to the decision made in the second Kokkai Kisei Domei (League for Founding a national Assembly) in November 1880 to assemble draft constitutions the next year, many Shigi Kenpo were created in the following year, 1881.
- 新幹線の「音」は「ビュワーン」という擬音表現が古くからよく知られ、メディアなどでも取り上げられることが多かった(新幹線を用いた旅行という設定のCM、後述する『はしれちょうとっきゅう』の歌詞など)。
- As the 'sound' of Shinkansen trains, the onomatopoeic expression of 'byuwaan' was used from the early days, and was often taken up by the media as well (used in commercials for travels using Shinkansen, and included in the song of 'Hashire-hashire chotokkyu' (Go, go, super express).
- 歴代の当主・継嗣は、そのときどきの天皇または上皇の猶子となることによって擬制的な親子関係を構築し、そのことを根拠にして親王宣下により親王の地位と称号を与えられて、皇位継承権を保障されてきたのである。
- The successive head of the family or the successors to the family created fictitious relationships to emperors and retired emperors of each era, by being adopted as their children, then they were able to receive title of Imperial Prince by the Imperial Order which secured their position to succeed to the Imperial throne.
- 当時の文学青年から崇拝され、代表作「小僧の神様」にかけて「比喩としての「神様」「神」一覧」に擬せられていたが、太宰治から長篇小説『津軽』の中で批判を受けて立腹し、座談会の席上で太宰を激しく攻撃した。
- He was worshipped by the literary youth of the time and was called a 'god of novels' after his representative work, 'The Shopboy's God'; however, he was offended by Osamu DAZAI's criticism of him in DAZAI's full-length novel 'Tsugaru,' and attacked him viciously at a round-table discussion.
- 基経を中祖とする藤原北家および藤原北家と近しい関係にある村上源氏が朝廷の主流を占めつづけたこともあり、近代以前には暴君・陽成天皇を廃した「功臣」として前漢の霍光に擬える説が儒学者を中心に唱えられた。
- The northern branch of the Fujiwara clan (Fujiwara Hokke), of which Mototsune was an important progenitor (Nakaso), and the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan), which had a close relationship with the Fujiwara Hokke continued to hold sway over the Imperial Court, and before modern times, those putting forward the argument that Mototsune was similar to Huo Guang of the Former Han Dynasty, in that he was a 'model vassal' who had toppled the tyrannical Emperor Yozei, were mainly scholars of Confucianism.
- 除目の銓擬(せんぎ)によって人事が決定された後に執筆(しゅひつ)を担当する大臣が空白部分に候補者の位階氏姓名及び年給などの注記を記入する入眼を行って大間書の最後に日付を書き加えて天皇の奏覧を受ける。
- After the personnel was decided through deliberations for Jimoku, a minister in charge of Shuhitsu (writing) conducted Jugan of filling blank spaces with notes such as Ikai, Shisei and pension of candidates, addionally described a date in the last line of Omagaki, and submitted Omagaki to the Emperor for inspection.
- 准母は皇室の中で選ばれるものであったが、平安時代末期に平清盛の娘平盛子が甥の高倉天皇の准母に、室町時代に三代征夷大将軍足利義満の正室であった日野康子が後小松天皇の准母に、それぞれ擬されている例がある。
- Although junbo was selected from imperial family, there were some exceptions that TAIRA no Seishi, a daughter of TAIRA no Kiyomori, was named as the junbo of Emperor Takakura who was a Kiyomori's nephew-in-law in the end of the Heian Period, and Yasuko HINO, the lawful wife of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the 3rd Seitaishogun, was named as the junbo of Emperor Gokomatsu in the Muromachi Period.
- 平安京の頃から、後の京都の基礎となった左京地域を唐の都・洛陽に擬えて「洛陽」と呼び、市内を洛中(らくちゅう)、外側を辺土、後に洛外(らくがい)と呼んだが(京都と洛陽を参照)、具体的な定義は曖昧であった。
- From around the time of Heian-kyo, the Sakyo area, which became the basis for the subsequent city of Kyoto, was called 'Rakuyo' after the Tang Dynasty Chinese capital Luoyang (Rakuyo in Japanese), and the area within the city was called Rakuchu, while the outside area was called Hendo (remote region) and later called Rakugai (refer to Kyoto and Rakuyo), but definitions were ambiguous.
- 中世以後、技能・芸能を家業とする特定の家の間で、それぞれの家が持つ技能・芸能の世界とその背景に存在する専門性・普遍性・伝承性・権威性などの価値感を「道」に擬えて、家と道(技能・芸能)の関係が説かれるようになった。
- Since the Medieval Period among the specific families which had skills and performing arts as their family businesses, people preached the relationships between the family and the professional skill or performing art as their 'Michi (way)' by comparing each family's world of the skill or performing art and the values of the back grounds like specialty, universality, tradition, authority and others.
- 作太郎と作次郎と呼ばれる2人の立会人が、「日柄改め」から「狩終い」までの稲作の過程を模擬的に演じるもので、早乙女に扮した女の子4人と、牛役の男の子1人が出て、ショウブの葉を苗に見立てて田植えのしぐさをし、豊作を祈願する。
- Observers called Sakutaro and Sakujiro act out a simulated process of rice cultivation from 'Higara aratame' to 'Shuoi,' and four girls disguised as young female rice planters and one boy playing the role of the cow appear to make gestures of rice planting using iris leaves as rice seedlings, and pray for an abundant harvest.
- 貞観年間までに文章博士2名、文章生20名(うち文章得業生2名)、擬文章生20名(文章生の予備生)という構成となり、それでも学問が成就して文章博士になれば貴族に達するために志願者数が絶えず、そのために試験制度が導入された。
- Until the end of the Jogan era, the establishment was settled in two monjo hakase, 20 monjosho (including 2 monjo tokugosho) and 20 gimonjosho (the monjosho reserve); however, as people would be ranked as nobles when becoming monjo hakase with distinguished achievements in the study, the position was endlessly sought after, resulting in the introduction of an examination system.
- 前項の実地審査は、国土交通大臣の指名する職員を当該査察操縦士候補者と指名に係る航空機と同じ型式の航空機に同乗させることにより、又は指名に係る航空機と同じ型式の航空機の模擬飛行装置若しくは飛行訓練装置を使用することにより行う。
- The practical examination prescribed in the preceding paragraphs shall be conducted by allowing personnel designated by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism to be on board of the aircraft of the same type pertaining to the aircraft to be designated together with the subject candidate for check pilot, or by using aircraft simulator or flight training device of the same type as that of the aircraft pertaining to the designation.
- 延慶両卿訴陳状(えんけいりょうきょうそちんじょう)は、延慶 (日本)4年(1311年)、勅撰和歌集の選者として京極為兼が擬せられると、二条為世がこれに反対して訴陳し、すると為兼はこれに反発し、為世がこれにさらに駁したものである。
- Enkei Ryokyo Sochinjo (The Petition by Two Nobles of the Enkei Era) records Tameyo NIJO's petition against the nomination of Tamekane KYOGOKU, in 1311, as the selector of an imperial anthology of waka poems, Tamekane's subsequent petition against the Tamayo's appeal, and this latter's further rebuttal against the former.
- 前項の実地審査は、国土交通大臣の指名する職員を当該認定を受けようとする者と認定に係る航空機と同じ型式の航空機に同乗させることにより、又は認定に係る航空機と同じ型式の航空機の模擬飛行装置若しくは飛行訓練装置を使用することにより行う。
- The practical examination prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be conducted by allowing one or more personnel appointed by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism to be on board of an aircraft of the same type as that of the aircraft on which the person intending to receive said approval, or by using aircraft simulator or flight training devices of the same aircraft pertaining to the approval.
- 大まかには乙音(低音階)、甲音(高音階)、さらには調べ、半音、当り、揺り、止め(極高音)などを様々に組み合わせて、獅子吼に擬して仏の説法とし、悪魔降伏の威力を発揮し、更には山中を駈ける修験者同士の意思疎通を図る法具として用いられる。
- Combined with a variety of sounds such as otsuon (low pitch), kanon (high pitch) as well as shirabe, hanon (semitone), atari, yuri, and tome (very high pitch), it is considered to be a Buddhist preaching, has the power to beat evil spirits, and is even used as a tool of communication between monks who run up mountains.
- 周の時代には中国的な封建制度は活期を迎えたと考えられており、各地に邑を基盤とした血族共同体が広汎に現れ、周はこれらと実際に血縁関係をむすんだり、封建的な関係をむすぶことによって擬制的に血縁関係をつくりだし、支配下に置いたと考えられている。
- It is considered that the Chinese Hoken system was at its peak in the Zhou period, and blood relative communities based on Mura (large village) broadly emerged in many places, and Zhou formed fictitious blood relations to control them by making actual blood relations or feudalistic relations with them.
- 京都で早雲は将軍義政の弟の足利義視に仕えたとされるが、近年有力視される康正2年(1456年)生まれとすると、義視が将軍後継者と擬されていた時期(1464年-1467年)には10歳前後で幼すぎ、応仁元年(1467年)以降、義視は西軍に走っている。
- In Kyoto, Soun is said to have served Yoshimi ASHIKAGA, the younger brother of Shogun Yoshimasa, although if Soun had been born in 1456, as the most popular recent theories contend, he would have been only 10 years old during the period Yoshimi was in line to be the next shogun (1464-1467), and Yoshimi had changed sides to the western army after 1467.
- 現在でも実在についての真偽は確定していないが、映像作品等に登場する「忍者」は大概がこの「忍刀」を携行するものとして描かれ、観賞用として作られた模擬刀が観光地の土産物や演劇やコスプレ用の小道具として、またコレクション用のレプリカ品として販売されている。
- Until now, may or may not be true, 'Ninja' that appear in movies or other works carry this 'Shinobigatana' and mock swords produced for ornamental use are sold as souvenirs at tourist spots or as props for plays or Kosupre (costume play) or replicas for collections.
- 南朝には正副二統の皇統が存在し、陽動作戦のために吉野に設けた擬天皇である、副統の後亀山天皇が、足利義満の謀略に掛かって講和したため、1392年(元中9年)の南北朝合一以後、全国の勤皇の武士たちは宮方(南朝正統)に味方する大義名分を失い、宮方の勢力は衰微の一途をたどった。
- There were 2 lineages in the Southern Court, and since the false Emperor, Emperor Gokameyama, who was put in Yoshino Province as a distraction, made peace with Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA by falling into his snare, after the unification of Southern and Northern Courts in 1392, samurai throughout the country who were pro-Imperial lost their reason to support miyagata (Legitimate Succession of the Southern Court), and the power of miyagata only shrunk as time went by.
- 元正天皇(元正天皇)は即位直前に一品を与えられたこと、孝謙天皇の後継者に擬えられた道祖王(廃太子)及び大炊王(淳仁天皇)がいずれも一品親王である新田部親王・舎人親王(いずれも故人)の子であり、陽成天皇の事実上の廃位後に立てられた時康親王(光孝天皇)は当時唯一の一品親王であった。
- The Empress Gensho was conferred Ippon just before the enthronement, and Funado no Okimi (the deposed crown prince) and the Prince Oi (the Emperor Junnin) who were the sons of both Ippon Shinno, the Imperial Prince Niitabe and the Imperial Prince Toneri (both deceased); the Imperial Prince Tokiyasu (the Emperor Koko) was the only Ippon Shinno at that time when he ascended after the Emperor Yozei's de facto dethronement.
- 組み立て終了後、サブ・システム単体の試験を行い、その後、約1年でサブ・システム間の制御やインターフェイスの試験を行う必要がある。その後、運転計画では、装置の検収や特性把握を十分に行うため、また、完全DT運転の核条件を想定した運転を模擬するため、水素及び重水素運転の段階を想定する。
- After completion of assembly, and following individual sub-system tests, there will be the need, for about one year, for adequate testing of controls and interfaces between subsystems. Thereafter, plan for operations foresees initial phases of hydrogen and deuterium operation in order fully to commission and characterize the machine and to simulate operations in anticipation of the nuclear conditions of full deuterium and tritium (DT) operation.
- 元来は礼記に「鸚鵡は能く言して飛鳥を離れず。猩々は能く言して禽獣を離れず」とあるのが出典で、後代の注ではしばしばオランウータンなどの大型類人猿に擬せられるが(猩々はオランウータンの和名のひとつでもある)、一方で各種の説話や芸能によってさまざまなイメージが付託されて現在に及んでいる。
- An ancient book of Chinese Confucianism 'Raiki' ('Liji') first described Shojo as 'a parrot can talk, but that is nothing but a bird; a shojo can talk, but that is nothing but an animal', and some annotations on 'Raiki' explained that Shojo resembled large anthropoid apes such as orangutan (in the past, some Japanese called orangutan 'shojo'); in Japan, they had been given other characters, and became legend and even dramatis personae of traditional performing arts.
- 准母は堀河天皇が践祚に際して、既に生母である中宮藤原賢子が崩御していたため、寛治元年(1087年)に皇姉てい子内親王が母に擬せられたのが初例となり、爾来、天皇の生母が死去した後に幼年で即位した場合や、生母が存命だが身分が低すぎるか既に女院となっている場合などに、准母を定めるようになった。
- It became the first example of junbo that in 1087, in the succession of Emperor Horikawa to the throne, his elder sister, Imperial Princess Teishi was equated with his mother because his real mother, Chugu (Empress) FUJIWARA no Kenshi was already deceased, after that, junbo was named in the case that an infant emperor succeeded to the throne after his real mother passed away, or the case that although his real mother was alive, her social status was too low or she was already a nyoin (a woman bestowed with the title 'in' [title given to retired emperor]).
- 戦国時代における合戦には、示威行動や小競り合いといった、低強度の武力闘争から、戦国時代に含めるか否かは別として、少なくとも戦国時代の延長線上にはある関ヶ原合戦のように、国内を二分しての会戦・決戦といった、後の国家総力戦にある程度擬し得る戦争形態、さらには、文禄・慶長の役である文禄・慶長の役まで、多様な戦争形態が見られる。
- Battles in the Sengoku Period include various forms of war such as armed conflict with low-intensity like demonstrative actions or skirmishes, a form of war that was to a certain extent comparable to later all-out war like the Battle of Sekigahara which was a decisive battle fought by dividing all forces in Japan into two and even if there is a doubt if we can say that it occurred in the Sengoku Period, it was on the extension of the Sengoku Period, and the Bunroku/Keicho War which was war to invade a foreign country.
- 陰陽師もしくはそれを下地にした物語の式神は、和紙札の状態(式札と呼ばれる)で、使用時には鳥や獣等へ術師の意志で自在に姿を変えるというように描かれることが事が多いが、『不動利益縁起』に描かれる式神は、室町時代から江戸時代にまでの、擬人化された鶏や牛の器物(道具)の妖怪と同じものであり、これは荒ぶる神としての式神をあらわしている。
- In most literature and tales about, or involving an Onmyoji, the Shikigami that the Onmyoji employed usually appears in the form of a piece of washi (Japanese paper) that morphs into a bird or beast according to the will of Onmyoji, but the 'Fudo-riyaku-engi' describes the Shikigami as an anthropomorphic vessel (tool) shaped as a bird or cow, much like the specters and demons throughout the Muromachi period to the Edo period and it depicts the Shikigami as a violent god.
- 当時の一般的な上流貴族の姫君の夢は、後宮に入り帝の寵愛を受け皇后の位に上ることであったが、『源氏物語』は、帝直系の源氏の者を主人公にし彼の住まいを擬似後宮にしたて女君たちを分け隔てなく寵愛するという内容で彼女たちを満足させ、あるいは人間の心理や恋愛、美意識に対する深い観察や情趣を書きこんだ作品として貴族たちにもてはやされたのである。
- A common dream of the Himegimi (daughters of persons of high rank) in those days was to enter the Kokyu (a section of the Imperial Palace where the Imperial family and court ladies lived) and gain the love of the Mikado (Emperor), thus being elevated to Empress; accordingly, 'The Tale of Genji' satisfied such ladies as it had as its protagonist a member of the Genji clan who was a direct descendant of the emperor that lived in a kind of pseudo-Kokyu and loved all women without distinction. The work was also welcomed by court nobles as an appealing work that offered a close observation of human psychology, love, and aesthetics.
- これは山や川などの「ヌシ(主)の伝承」にしても同様の構図を持つものであり、付喪神もまた日本古来よりのアニミズム的な価値観から、人格や生命すら持ち得ない対象でさえ時にこれらを獲得し得る、あるいは借景(しゃっけい)や和菓子の造形と同様の「見立ての精神」における、解釈して楽しむといった擬人観が、普遍的な価値観としてこれらの根底に存在するということである。
- As seen in 'Nushi no densho' (transmission of nushi [master]), mountains and rivers can also acquire personality or life based on the Japanese traditional philosophy of animism, and they are utilized for shakkei (making use of the surrounding landscape in the design of a garden) or the design of Japanese cakes based on the 'mitate no seishin' (spirit of simulation).
- また、後に講日本紀(『日本書紀』の講義)に文章博士や紀伝学生(文章生)も関わっている(特に元慶講日本紀を受講して後に「日本書紀私記」をまとめたとされる矢田部名実(擬文章生、後に大内記)などは良く知られている)ことや国史編纂に関与した撰国史所の職員に紀伝学生が加わっていることから、『日本書紀』以下の「六国史」に関する講義も行われていたと考えられている。
- Also, the fact that monjo hakase and kiden students (monjosho) played roles in lectures on the chronicles of Japan (lectures on 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan)) (in particular, YATABE no Nazane (gimonjosho (student passed Ryoshi) later, Dainaiki (Senior Secretary of the Ministry of Central Affairs)) who attended the lecture on the chronicles of Japan in the Gangyo era and later compiled 'Nihonshoki Shiki' (The Private Record of Chronicles of Japan) is well known) and that kiden students joined the staff of the Senkokushisho (History Compilation Bureau), which involved compiling the national history, shows that they probably had lectures on 'Rikkokushi' (the Six National Histories), which includes 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) and others.
- 更に宇多天皇の信任が厚く、符宣上卿(太政官符を発給する際の上卿)として28回も名を連ね、『日本三代実録』編纂開始時には源融・藤原良世と先任の上卿2人がいるにも関わらず撰国史所総裁を務めていること、寛平7年(895年)には位階昇進の人事草案を提出する擬階奏を行っている(いずれも摂関もしくは一上が務める慣例であった)ことから、藤原基経没後は能有が事実上の政権担当者として寛平の治を押し進めたと考えられている。
- In addition, he won Emperor Uda's esteem and was assigned to serve as Fusen jokyo, a commander who led dajokanpu (official documents from the Grand Council of State) 28 times, and from the fact that he served as the president of Senkokushisho (an organization which edits national history books) when the editing of 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' (sixth of the six classical Japanese history texts) began even though there were 2 other senior commanders like MINAMOTO no Toru and FUJIWARA no Yoshiyo, also in 895, he submitted a personnel proposal for promotion in rank (generally, both of these roles were played by Regents and Chancellor Ichinokami - Minister of the Left), Yoshiari pushed forward the peaceful era of Kanpyo as a factual administration after FUJIWARA no Mototsune died.
- 第百五十八条第三項に規定する模擬飛行装置並びに第百五十九条第二項、第百六十条第二項、第百六十一条第二項、第百六十四条第三項(第百六十四条の二第二項、第百六十四条の三及び第百六十四条の六第二項において準用する場合を含む。)、第百六十四条の十第四項(第百六十四条の十一第二項及び第百六十四条の十二第二項において準用する場合を含む。)及び別表第二に規定する模擬飛行装置及び飛行訓練装置は、国土交通大臣の認定を受けたものでなければならない。
- A flight simulator device pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3) of Article 158 and a flight simulator device and flight training device pursuant to paragraph (2) of Article 159, paragraph (2) of Article 160, paragraph (2) of Article 161, paragraph (3) of Article 164 (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis to paragraph (2) of Article 164-2, Article 164-3 and paragraph (2) of Article 164-6), paragraph (4) of Article 164-10 (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis to paragraph (2) of Article 164-11 and paragraph (2) of Article 164-12) and Appended Table 2 shall be the device that has been granted an accreditation from the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.
- 昭和戦後以降も、昭和29年(1954年)の富山城模擬天守建設以降、「天守閣復興ブーム」や「お城復興ブーム」などと呼ばれる昭和30年代、同40年代を中心に、主に天守の復興が多く行われたが、竹下内閣のふるさと創生事業が実施された1988年以降には文化庁などの方針によって史跡での再建行為が忠実なものであることが求められるようになると、平成2年(1990年)の白河小峰城三重櫓の木造復元以降は、資料に基づいた木造での復元や復興が原則となった。
- Castle towers were mainly reconstructed after the war in the Showa period, in the 30's and 40's of the Showa period during the 'castle tower reconstruction boom' or 'castle reconstruction boom' after the construction of the reconstructed tenshu (keep) of the Toyama-jo Castle in 1954, but reconstructions at historical sites were often requested to be faithful to the original according to the policies of the Agency for Cultural Affairs from 1988 and when the Takeshita cabinet carried out the Furusato creation project, restorations and reconstructions in wood based on historical materials were performed in principle after the reconstruction of Sanju Yagura (three tiered turret) of Shirakawa Komine-jo Castle in wood in 1990.
- 飛行機による次に掲げる飛行を含む千五百時間(模擬飛行装置又は飛行訓練装置を国土交通大臣の指定する方式により操作した時間(以下「模擬飛行時間」という。)を有するときは、当該時間(百時間を限度とする。ただし、飛行訓練装置に係る時間にあつては、二十五時間を限度とする。)を減じた時間とすることができる。)以上の飛行時間(操縦者として航空機の運航を行つた時間をいう。以下同じ。)(飛行機について操縦者の資格を有するときは、飛行機による機長以外の操縦者としての飛行時間についてはその二分の一(自家用操縦士にあつては、五十時間を限度とする。)を算入するものとし、滑空機、回転翼航空機又は飛行船のいずれかについて操縦者の資格を有するときは、その機長としての飛行時間の三分の一又は二百時間のうちいずれか少ない時間を充当することができる。)を有すること。
- A person must have at least 1500 hours of flight hours (Time to navigate an aircraft as a pilot. The same shall apply herein after) including the following flights by aeroplane (If a person has time to have operated a simulated flight or flight training device according to the procedure specified by the minister of land, infrastructure and transportation ('simulated flight hours' herein after), such hours can be included in the flight hours (up to 100 hours, but 25 hours for the flight training system operation)) (If a person has a pilot qualification for an aeroplane, a half of the flight hours as other than pilot-in-command by airplane (up to 50 hours for a private pilot) can be included, and if a person has a pilot qualification for a glider, rotorcraft, or airship, one third of the flight hours or 200 hours (fewer one shall be applied) as a pilot-in-command can be included).