推定: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 推定
- presumption
- assumption
- estimation
- estimate
- extrapolation
- extrapolate
- presume
- inference
- conclusion
- projection
- deduce
- supposedly
- 推定値
- estimated value
- estimation
- 推定的
- presumptive
- precarious
- putatively
- presumptively
- 点推定
- point estimate
- point estimation
- 推定作
- His Supposed Masterpieces
- 予後推定
- prognosis prediction
- 推定誤差
- error of estimate
- error of estimation
- 推定年齢
- estimated (probable) age (e.g. of victim)
- 推定無罪
- presumption of innocence
- 推定する
- shall be presumed
- extrapolate
- 推定証拠
- presumptive evidence
- 推定数量
- an estimated quantity
- 推定銘文
- The presumed inscription
- 嫡出の推定
- Presumption of Child in Wedlock
- 最尤推定法
- maximum likely estimators
- 推定相続人
- heir(s) presumptive
- presumptive heir
- Heir presumptive
- 回帰推定値
- regression estimate
- 洪水推定法
- method of estimating flood flows
- 統計的推定
- statistical inference
- 一致推定量
- consistent estimator
- 有効推定量
- efficient estimator
- ベイズ推定
- Bayes estimation
- Bayesian inference
- 最ゆう推定
- maximum likelihood estimation
- 保有の推定
- Presumption of legal possession
- 過失の推定
- Presumption of negligence
- 推定の結論
- an illative conclusion
- 最尤推定値
- maximum likelihood estimate
- 推定可能な
- capable of being deduced
- 権利の推定等
- Presumption of Rights, etc.
- 推定の有効性
- efficiency of estimator
- 直接推定確率
- direct probability
- 標準推定誤差
- error of estimate
- standard error of estimate
- standard error of estimation
- 磁束位置推定
- flux position estimation
- 著作者の推定
- Presumption of authorship
- 自車位置推定
- vehicle localization
- ego-localization
- 推定精度向上
- estimation accuracy improvement
- 可用帯域推定法
- available bandwidth estimation method
- 推定土砂堆積面
- assumed silt surface
- 推定土砂滞積面
- assumed silt surface
- 最小二乗推定値
- least square estimator
- 同時死亡の推定
- presumption of simultaneous death
- エネルギー推定
- presumption of energy
- 最小2乗推定量
- least squares estimate
- 用水量推定方式
- estimation method for irrigation
- 生産方法の推定
- Presumption of (patented) producing process
- キロ数は推定。
- The numbers of kilometers are estimates.
- 推定膜貫通領域
- putative transmembrane domain
- 推定精度の改善
- improving estimation accuracy
- 推定平均必要量
- estimated average requirement
- EAR
- 自律的位置推定
- autonomous location position estimation
- 推定銘文と読解
- Presumed inscription and interpretation
- 国府の推定と発掘
- Location and excavation of Kokufu
- 推定相続人の廃除
- Disinheritance of Presumed Heir
- 平均2乗推定誤差
- mean square error of estimate
- 損害の額の推定等
- Presumption of amount of damages, etc.
- Presumption of amount of damage, etc.
- 心を推定する能力
- the illative faculty of the mind
- 本の推定上の著者
- the putative author of the book
- カーネル密度推定
- Kernel density estimation
- 画素単位動き推定
- pixel-wise motion estimation
- 一般化推定方程式
- generalized estimating equation
- GEE
- 善意又は悪意の推定
- Presumption of the Existence or Absence of Knowledge
- 雇用の更新の推定等
- Presumption of Renewal of Employment
- 推定の相対的有効性
- relative efficiency of estimator
- 最尤(ゆう)推定法
- most likelihood estimation
- 状態推定プログラム
- state estimator
- 系統同定、系統推定
- system identification
- 状態推定オブザーバ
- state estimation observer
- 一般最小2乗推定量
- generalized least squares estimator
- 反力推定オブザーバ
- reaction force estimation observer
- 推定無罪 (映画)
- Presumed Innocent (film)
- 高精度自車位置推定
- accurate vehicle localization
- 推定石高は6万石。
- The estimated kokudaka (crop yield) of the estate was 60,000 koku (approximately 10,823 cubic meters of crop yield).
- 共有持分の割合の推定
- Presumption of Proportion of Co-owner's Shares
- 境界標等の共有の推定
- Presumption of Co-ownership of Boundary Markers
- 賃貸借の更新の推定等
- Presumption of Renewal of Leases
- トラッキング誤差推定
- prediction of tracking error
- 最小二乗平均誤差推定
- minimum mean-square error estimatin
- 建造:推定1601年
- Constructed around 1601
- 歴史上の推定都市人口
- Historical urban community sizes
- 推定エネルギー必要量
- estimated energy requirement
- EER
- マグニチュード推定法
- magnitude estimation
- プロジェクト費用推定
- project cost estimation
- 推定で20kg台後半。
- Supposedly, the strength of the bow was in the latter half of twenties by the kilogram.
- 合理法〔洪水量の推定〕
- rational method
- 移動ロボットの位置推定
- mobile robot localization
- 最古式と推定されている。
- They are estimated to be the oldest form in Japan.
- 再生手続の開始原因の推定
- Presumption of the Grounds for Commencement of Rehabilitation Proceedings
- 占有の態様等に関する推定
- Presumption regarding Nature of Possession
- 推定相続人の廃除の取消し
- Rescission of Disinheritance of Presumed Heir
- 系統データ測定と状態推定
- system state measurement and estimation
- 破産手続開始の原因の推定
- Presumption of the Grounds for Commencement of Bankruptcy Proceedings
- 遺留分を有する推定相続人
- a presumptive heir who has a statutory reserved share
- カプラン・マイヤー推定法
- Kaplan-Meier estimate
- カプラン・マイヤー推定値
- Kaplan-Meier estimate
- 享年70前後と推定される。
- It is presumed she was around 70 years old when she passed away.
- 遺言による推定相続人の廃除
- Disinheritance of Presumed Heir by Will
- 陸奥国の国府と推定される。
- It is presumed to have been the Kokufu (state office) of Mutsu Province.
- 推定眼ヒストプラスマ症候群
- presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome
- 強い推定的な事例が主張された
- a strong presumptive case is made out
- シェイクスピアの推定執筆年代
- Chronology of William Shakespeare's plays
- 英国国王の男子法定推定相続人
- the male heir apparent of the British sovereign
- 電磁的記録の真正な成立の推定
- Presumption of Authentic Establishment of Electromagnetic Record
- 王位への男性の法定推定相続人
- a male heir apparent to a throne
- 四十代であったと推定される。
- It is conjectured that she was in her forties.
- 推定銘文は、次の通りである。
- The presumed inscription is as follows.
- 秦氏一族の墓と推定されている。
- The kofun is assumed to be the tomb for the Hata family.
- 現在の宮津市府中と推定される。
- It is assumed that the offices were in Fuchu, Miyazu City.
- 彼女は30歳過ぎだと推定する。
- I guess that she is over thirty.
- 享年は40代前半と推定される。
- He was presumably aged around 40.
- 我々は、確率的に答えを推定した
- we estimated the answer stochastically
- 何かの期間または結果を推定する
- estimate the duration or outcome of something
- Kaplan-Meier推定値
- Kaplan-Meier estimate
- しかし、日本原産種と推定される。
- However, unshu mikan is presumed indigent of Japan.
- 推定では3万人程度といわれている
- It is estimated that there are 30,000 players.
- 「じゃ、やっぱり推定したんだね」
- ``You deduced it, then?''
- 鹿深は近江国甲賀郡と推定される。
- It is presumed that Kafuka area is present day Koga County, Omi Province.
- 父は押坂彦人大兄皇子と推定される。
- It is assumed that his father was Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko.
- 17世紀後半頃の建築と推定される。
- The residence is estimated to have been built in the late 17th century.
- 活動時期は、新第三紀と推定される。
- It is estimated that the volcano was active in the Neogene period.
- 違約金は、賠償額の予定と推定する。
- Any penalty is presumed to constitute liquidated damages.
- 大陸からの舶載品と推定されている。
- It is estimated that the saddle was shipped from the Continent.
- 推定した結果が表1に示されている。
- The estimated results are shown in the Table 1.
- 姉崎古墳群は一族の墓と推定される。
- It is supposed that the Anesaki Kofun mounds are burial site of the clan.
- 尊大でないかあるいは推定しないさま
- not arrogant or presuming
- アプリケーションで推定したガンマ値
- Gamma value assumed by application
- Figure 2-4: 推定性能
- Figure 2-4: Performance Estimate
- この日か直前に死んだと推定できる。
- So presumably he had died that day or immediately before the day.
- 国府は数ヶ所が推定されているが不明。
- The provincial capital is unknown although several places are regarded as its possible sites.
- 四季花鳥図 六曲一双 藝愛筆(推定)
- Folding Screen with Flowers and Birds of the Four Season (six panel screen created as a pair), Geiai (attributed)
- この建物は、西地区の中枢建物と推定。
- This building is presumed to have been the central building in the west zone.
- 発行または公表の事実が推定されます。
- The fact it was issued or published can be presumed.
- 昨年の鉄鋼生産は推定億トンに達した。
- Steel production reached an estimated 100 million tons last year.
- 推定するという形をとった、無礼な言行
- a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming
- 総じて平和であったと推定されている。
- In general, it may be presumed that relationships were rather peaceful in those days.
- 3世紀の中頃に築造されたと推定される。
- It is estimated to have been constructed approximately in the middle of the third century.
- 占有物について行使する権利の適法の推定
- Presumption of Lawfulness of Rights Exercised with respect to Possessed Thing
- ササーン朝ペルシャの製品と推定される。
- It is presumed to have been produced in Sassanian Persia.
- 太陽光発電システムの発電電力量推定方法
- Estimation method of generating electric energy by PV power system
- 女性の男性の陰茎に対する推定される羨望
- a female's presumed envy of the male's penis
- 真夜中(午前3時頃と推定)に出発した。
- They started off in the middle of the night (presumably around 3 a.m.).
- この時点では在京であったと推定される。
- It is assumed that he was in Kyoto at this time.
- この推定にしたがえば、27歳での死去。
- According to this estimation, the prince died at the age of 27.
- 推定の根拠をまとめると以下の3点である。
- There are the following three points from summarizing the presumptions.
- 元は全130巻分あったと推定されている。
- It is estimated that it originally consisted of 130 volumes.
- 括弧内は発行年、量目、金含有率(推定)。
- Issue year, ryome, content percentage of gold (estimation) in parentheses
- 1回の射精における精子の数を推定する行為
- the act of estimating the number of spermatozoa in an ejaculate
- 私はこの鶏が3ポンドの重さであと推定する
- I estimate this chicken to weigh three pounds
- 熱の遠方起点の温度を推定するための高温計
- a pyrometer for estimating the temperature of distant sources of heat
- 成立は南北朝時代_(日本)と推定される。
- It is believed to have been compiled during the Northern and Southern Court period in Japan.
- 砂紋から流速を推定する研究も行われている。
- Studies have been conducted to estimate the speed of water current based on the samon.
- 前項の共有持分は、相等しいものと推定する。
- The co-ownership interests set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be presumed to be equal.
- 各共有者の持分は、相等しいものと推定する。
- Each co-owner's share shall be presumed to be equal.
- 創建時に近い南北朝時代の建立と推定される。
- Estimated to have been constructed during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts soon after the temple's founding.
- 鳳凰堂と同じ11世紀頃の制作と推定される。
- As with the Ho-o-do hall, it is estimated to have been cast in the 11th century.
- 地質学的試料の時代を推定する化学分析の使用
- use of chemical analysis to estimate the age of geological specimens
- 鎌倉に下向してその地で没したと推定される。
- It is said that he left the capital, went to Kamakura and died in Kamakura.
- よって、この遺跡を「小墾田宮推定地」と呼ぶ。
- Ikazuchi no Oka Toho site is, therefore, called as 'potential Oharida no Miya Palace.'
- 鎌倉時代から徴収が行われたと推定されている。
- It has been estimated that the collection of dosoyaku began during the Kamakura period.
- 妻が婚姻中に懐胎した子は、夫の子と推定する。
- A child conceived by a wife during marriage shall be presumed to be a child of her husband.
- 平城遷都後に定着した新しい言葉と推定される。
- It is presumed that this term became commonly used after the capital was moved to Heijo.
- 平安時代後期、11世紀頃の制作と推定される。
- It is assumed to have been made during the late Heian period, around the 11th century.
- 天文学者が局部超銀河団の存在を推定しました。
- Astronomers inferred the existence of a local supercluster.
- 全部で10巻程度の絵巻であったと推定される。
- It is supposed that this picture scroll was composed of about 10 volumes.
- (1622年)以降に日本で作成されたと推定。
- It is assumed that it was made after 1622 in Japan.
- 推定相続人の廃除に関する審判確定前の遺産の管理
- Administration of Inherited Property before Ruling for Disinheritance of Presumed Heir Becomes Unappealable
- 平安時代初期、9世紀頃の制作と推定されている。
- It is assumed to be the work from around the 9th century, during the early Heian period.
- 現在地に移転したのは16世紀末頃と推定される。
- It is assumed that the temple was relocated to the current place around the end of the 16th century.
- この仏像の年代は正確に推定することができない。
- This Buddhist image cannot be dated exactly.
- 将来の出来事の見込みに基づく推定を支持する情報
- information that supports a probabilistic estimate of future events
- 推定上、アドニスによって嘆きの音楽で使用される
- supposedly used in laments by Adonis
- 墓所は、京都市山科区の西野山古墓と推定される。
- An ancient grave in Nishinoyama in Yamashina Ward, Kyoto City, is believed to be his.
- 『高野切第二種』(伝紀貫之筆、源兼行筆(推定))
- 'Koya-gire, the Second type' (attributed to KI no Tsurayuki and possibly MINAMOTO no Kaneyuki)
- このような両説、またはその混在説も推定されうる。
- These two theories or their mixture is also a possible explanation for the origin of katsudon.
- これは、築山古墳の2重濠の痕跡と推定されている。
- It is considered that these are the evidences of the double-moat condition of Tuskiyama Tumulus.
- 1391年(明徳2年)頃の建立と推定されている。
- It is assumed that the Daishi-do was built around 1391.
- 1世紀ころ、北インドで成立したと推定されている。
- It is estimated that this sutra was created in Northern India in the first century.
- 農家風の民家で、18世紀中頃の建築と推定される。
- This private residence is built in a farmhouse style, and is estimated to date back to the mid 18th century.
- その後は、以下のルートを取ったと推定されている。
- It is estimated that ships took the following routes:
- 期限前弁済等を行った後の純資産額規制比率の推定値
- the estimated Net Assets Regulation Ratio after making the Payment before Maturity, etc.
- 白光神像とともに、仏師湛慶の作と推定されている。
- It is said to be the work of Buddhist sculptor Tankei along with the statue of Byakkoshin.
- 建物を暖めるために必要な燃料の推定に使われる単位
- a unit used in estimating fuel requirements for heating a building
- 成立は平安時代後期、11世紀後期頃と推定される。
- It is estimated to date from the latter half of the Heian period around the latter half of the 11th century.
- この「戊辰年」は、西暦608年と推定されている。
- It is conjectured that the '戊辰年' means the year of 608.
- 成立は鎌倉時代初期(1195年頃)と推定される。
- It is inferred that it was completed at the beginning of the Kamakura period (around 1195).
- 大豆固形分濃度は推定7〜8%であったと考えられる。
- The concentration of solid soybean was considered to be approximately seven to eight percent.
- 最終活動時期は、約1400万年前と推定されている。
- It is estimated that its volcanic activity ended approximately 14 million years ago.
- 豊浦宮は豪族の邸宅を利用していたと推定されている。
- It is assumed that the mansion of Gozoku (local ruling family) was used for Toyura no Miya Palace.
- 期限は、債務者の利益のために定めたものと推定する。
- It is presumed that a time specified is provided for the benefit of the obligor.
- 本堂の再建と同時期の平安時代後期の作と推定される。
- It is presumed that the principle image was made around the time of the reconstruction of the main hall in the late Heian period.
- 彼の死は事故だとする君の推定は間違っているようだ。
- Your assumption that his death was an accident seems to be wrong.
- 血液サンプルの赤血球および白血球の数を推定する行為
- the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
- その習慣を彼は植民地時代から始まると推定している。
- He dates the custom from the colonial days.
- 彼らの推定された自然の関係に従う動植物の分類の実施
- practice of classifying plants and animals according to their presumed natural relationships
- 正式な甲斐国府の所在地は笛吹市域に推定されている。
- The official location of the Kai Province kokufu is presumed to have been within Fuefuki City.
- これらも焼畑農耕による栽培であると推定されている。
- It is presumed that crops were cultivated by burn agriculture as well.
- 酒井浄慶が生まれたのはその後であると推定している。
- MURAOKA presumes that Jokei SAKAI was born after that time.
- (それ以前の天皇の袍は白色であったと推定されている)
- It is presumed that the upper garment which emperors used to wear before the Emperor Saga was white.
- 八柱第一本は虞世南の臨摸であろうと董其昌が推定した。
- Dong Qichan presumed that the Hacchu-daiichi-bon had been written following the model by Shinan YU.
- 7世紀と推定されているが、もっと古いという説もある。
- Although it is estimated as a work of the seventh century, another theory states that it dates further back.
- 農民軍参加者はのべ13万人を超えると推定されている。
- A total of more than 130,000 farmers are estimated to have joined the armed peasants.
- しかし推定地は通常複数唱えられ、みな決め手を欠いた。
- Not a few places were always put forward as a candidate of the location of Kokufu, however each place lacked decisive proof.
- 推定相続人及び受遺者並びにこれらの配偶者及び直系血族
- a presumed heir, donee, or a spouse or lineal relative of either; or
- これら二つは水槽になっており水を溜めたと推定される。
- It is assumed that these two pieces of stonework were used as tanks to collect water.
- 前身は平安京または長岡京への官道だったと推定される。
- Historically, the road is believed to have been a Kando (a road that is improved, managed, and maintained by the Japanese nation) leading to either Heian-kyo or Nagaoka-kyo (ancient capital cities).
- 丹比野を横断するのでその名が付いたと推定されている。
- It seems it was because the road ran across Tajihino.
- 西京極大路は現在の葛野大路通の西側と推定されている。
- The Nishikyogoku-oji Street is considered to have lain to the west of today's Kadonooji-dori Street.
- 坐高2.2mの大作で、仏師院覚の作と推定されている。
- The large 2.2 meters' statue is assumed to be the work of the Buddhist sculptor Inkaku.
- 推定により(未知の、または未経験の領域)の知識を得る
- gain knowledge of (an area not known or experienced) by extrapolating
- 叫び声が聞こえるかどうかという観点から推定される距離
- distance estimated in terms of the audibility of a cry
- 私はホームズがそう推定したことについて、話し合った。
- I was sufficiently conversant with Holmes's methods
- 新田柵天平9年(737年)頃不明新田郡新田柵跡推定地
- Nitta no Ki, about 737, unknown, Nitta gun, the presumed former site of Nitta no Ki
- 以下、育子は忠通の実子、という推定のもとで記述する。
- And so, the description below is based on the assumption that Muneko was the real daughter of Tadamichi.
- 相撲推定人口は約4000人、本部はサンパウロ市にある。
- The estimated number of sumo wrestlers in this county is approximately 4000, and the headquarters of the association is located in Sao Paulo.
- そのため、渡海中の水没、遭難が頻発したと推定している。
- Therefore, it is estimated that boats were often sunken or went missing.
- 纒向遺跡の始まりは、縄文時代後・晩期からと推定される。
- The period of the existence of Makimuku Village could date back to the late to the final stage of the Jomon period (the period producing earthenware with a pattern of rope).
- この推定通りとすれば鑑真の没後に建立されたものである。
- If this estimate is accurate it was built after the death of Jianzhen.
- 納入品から安貞2年(1228年)頃の作品と推定される。
- It is assumed that these items were made around 1228.
- 以下は交代寄合であったと推定される家である(真偽不明)
- The following families are presumed to have served as Kotaiyoriai but have not been authenticated.
- 推定によれば、今年の鉄鋼生産は1億トンに達するだろう。
- According to an estimate, steel production will reach 100 million tons this year.
- 原油及び石油製品−発熱量試験方法及び計算による推定方法
- Crude petroleum and petroleum products - Determination and estimation of heat of combustion
- あなたはこれまでかかった時間を量り、推定するでしょう。
- You measure the amount done so far, you look at how long it took, and you extrapolate.
- 柴田郡は名取団に兵士を供給した地域の一部と推定される。
- It can be assumed that Shibata County was part of areas, from which solders for the Natori Garrison were recruited.
- とすれば和氏の本拠地はもともとこのあたりと推定される。
- It is for this reason that the stronghold of the Yamato clan is assumed to be in this area.
- 信長公記の記載より尾張国清洲の町人出身と推定されている。
- It has been assumed that he was of the merchant class in Kiyosu, Owari Province according to a description in the 'Shincho-ko Koki' (The Biography of Nobunaga ODA).
- 六波羅蜜寺(京都府京都市) - 鎌倉時代、運慶作(推定)
- Rokuharamitsu-ji Temple (Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture) - Heian period (Katsurakake Jizo)
- 浅羽民部少輔は持氏の側近・浅羽下総守の一族と推定される。
- It is assumed that Asaba Minbu shoyu belonged to the same family as Mochiuji's close advisors, Asaba Shimosa no kami (the governor of Shimosa Province).
- 天暦5年(951年)頃までに執筆されたと推定されている。
- It is presumed that this literary work had already been accomplished by about 951.
- これは、当時の信長の思想を推定する上で重要な発見である。
- This discovery is important to infer the Nobunaga's ideal in those days.
- 前条の規定は、推定相続人の廃除の取消しについて準用する。
- The provision of the preceding Article shall apply mutatis mutandis to the rescission of disinheritance of a presumed heir.
- なんらかの祭祀が行われた遺構と推定されるが定かではない。
- It is assumed that they are the remains of the ritual site where some kind of religious service was performed but it has yet to be substantiated.
- 聖観音像(像高67.4cm)は鎌倉時代の作と推定される。
- It is estimated that Sho Kannon zo (statue height: 67.4 cm) is a work from the Kamakura period.
- 犯したと推定される罪のために、法的権限もなく人を殺す暴徒
- a mob that kills a person for some presumed offense without legal authority
- 弥生時代の2世紀~3世紀に日本にあったと推定されている。
- Yamatai is presumed to have been in Japan from the 2nd to the 3rd century, in the Yayoi period.
- 形象埴輪は、円筒埴輪とは起源を異にすると推定されている。
- It is believed that Keisho Haniwa have different origin from cylindrical Haniwa.
- 本来は山を象徴する武王と海を表す橘后の神話と推定される。
- It is estimated that it was originally a myth about 武王 who is the symbol of mountains and 橘后 who stands for the sea.
- 楷行草を交えた荘重な書風で、空海に学んだものと推定される。
- It is in a grave and solemn style of writing together with Kaigyoso (楷行草) and it is assumed that he learnt it from Kukai.
- 京都市・大阪市にはさらに古くから算額があったと推定される。
- It is presumed that sangaku began earlier in Kyoto City and Osaka City than in Edo.
- 本古墳は、出土した埴輪から4世紀初め頃の築造と推定される。
- This tumulus is estimated from the excavated Haniwa (unglazed terra-cotta cylinders and hollow sculptures arranged on and around the kofun [the mounded tombs]) to have been constructed approximately at the beginning of the fourth century.
- つまり庄内式土器は、古墳出現以前の土器であると推定できる。
- This suggests that Shonai type pottery dates back to the period prior to the age of tumulus construction.
- この時、児玉党の党首は庄太郎家長であったと推定されている。
- At that time, the leader of the Kodama party is thought to have been Ienaga Taro SHO.
- 塩町に住み妻帯し一時期、内田氏(妻側の氏と推定)を名乗る。
- Tosai lived in Shio-cho with his wife, going by a surname of UCHIDA (presumably the surname of his wife's family) for a period of time.
- 箸墓古墳に続く大王墓とみた場合、被葬者を推定する試みもある。
- There's also an approach to suppose the deceased person under the assumption that it was a grave of okimi after Hashihaka-kofun Tumulus.
- 住民は常時400人から500人滞在していたと推定されている。
- Around 400 to 500 people were estimated to reside in this wakan at any time.
- その実態は、交易を通じての経済的権益であると推定されている。
- And it is supposed that the clan's reality was the entity of economic interests nurtured by trading.
- 債務者が支払を停止したときは、支払不能にあるものと推定する。
- When a debtor has suspended payments, the debtor shall be presumed to be unable to pay debts.
- 一方、宝蔵はここが寺になってから建てられたものと推定される。
- The hozo, on the other hand, is estimated to have been built after the temple was founded.
- この中に子供を産む夫婦はおよそ二十万組いるものと推定される。
- of these I calculate there may be about two hundred thousand couple whose wives are breeders;
- 百済三書の記事の原形は百済王朝の史籍に遡ると推定されている。
- It is guessed that the original form of the text of the three books of Baekje went back to the history books of the Baekje Dynasty.
- 著者は不明であるが、その内容から仏教関係者であると推定される。
- Though the author is unknown, it is presumed, judging from its content, that the book was written by a member of the Buddhist order.
- また、応永・文安・長禄年間にも編纂が行われたと推定されている。
- Moreover, it is presumed that the law code had been compiled during Oei (1394 to 1427), Bunan (1444 to 1448), and the Choroku (1457 to 1461) era.
- 住居は、直径約6mの円形で、柱は13本あったと推定されている。
- The dwelling was in a round shape of approx. 6m in diameter, and it is presumed that 13 column were provided.
- 制作年代は甲・乙巻が平安末期、丙・丁巻は鎌倉時代と推定される。
- It is estimated that the first and second volumes were created during the late Heian period and the third and fourth volumes during the Kamakura period.
- 作者は定朝の弟子で院派・慶派の祖である覚助と推定する説もある。
- There is also the theory that it was crafted by Kakujo who was the disciple of Jocho and the founder of the Inpa/Keiha Schools.
- 通常の使用において、組織を破壊する圧力と推定される最大圧力の比
- the ratio of the breaking stress of a structure to the estimated maximum stress in ordinary use
- データの統計的な解釈方法−第5部:メディアン−推定及び信頼区間
- Statistical interpretation of data - Part 5: Median - Estimation and confidence intervals
- 作者は不明であるが、南北朝時代の足利方の武士と推定されている。
- The author is unknown, but it is conjectured that the book was written by a warrior who was in Ashikaga side during the Northern and Southern Court period.
- この古墳は清水柳北一号墳(8世紀初頭築造と推定)と名付けられた。
- The tumulus was named as the Shimizu Yanagi Kita Tumulus No. 1 (estimated to be constructed in the early eighth century).
- どうか労をいとわず、この院(乙訓寺と推定)まで降りて来て下さい。
- Please come down to this temple (presumably Otokuni-dera Temple).
- 全130巻の部立てはおそらく、次の通りであったと推定されている。
- Categorization of all 130 volumes is assumed to possibly have been as follows:
- 「音羽南谷」は山間部に位置すると推定されるが、地図上にみえない。
- Otowa Minamitani town' is supposed to be a place in the mountains; however, it can not be seen on a map.
- (通貨として実際的に使用されたのは明治中期頃までと推定される)。
- (It is estimated that such coins were actually used as currency until around the mid-Meiji period.)
- 受益証券を占有する者は、適法にこれを所持しているものと推定する。
- A person in possession of a Beneficiary Certificate shall be presumed to be the lawful owner of said Beneficiary Certificate.
- 墨書銘等から室町時代の宝徳3年(1451年)の建立と推定される。
- It is assumed to have been erected in 1451 according to its bokushomei (ink inscriptions) and so on.
- 作者は不明だが、維摩像と同じ頃、定慶の手になるものと推定される。
- Although the creator is not known for sure, it is believed to have been created by Jokei at about the same time as the statue of Yuima was made.
- 舎利殿が建立された宝暦13年(1763)年頃の造園と推定される。
- It is estimated to date from around 1763 when the reliquary hall was established.
- データの統計的な解釈方法−第3部:割合に関する検定方法と推定方法
- Statistical Interpretation of Data−Part 3 : Tests and confidence intervals relating to proportions
- そこで、この中で最初の文字はAに相違ない、と云うことを推定した。
- 'Now the first letter CAN only be A, which is a most useful discovery,
- もっとも古いものとされる慈光寺本の成立は鎌倉中期頃と推定される。
- Jiko-ji bon, which seems to be the oldest manuscript, is presumed to have been completed in the mid-Kamakura period.
- 未発見の6世紀前半と推定される注釈書をもとにしたものと思われる。
- It is assumed that 'Shomangyo Gisho' is based on an undiscovered commentary, possibly written in the early sixth century.
- これは明治時代、石室が開口していた時代に書かれたものと推定される。
- This was probably written in the Meiji period when the stone chambers were open.
- また天保十四年の調査に対しては、合計約30万人程度と推定している。
- Additionally, a survey performed in 1843 (Tenpo 14) estimates the total population to be approximately 300,000.
- 占有者が占有物について行使する権利は、適法に有するものと推定する。
- It shall be presumed that a possessor lawfully has the rights that a possessor exercises with respect to Thing in his/her possession.
- 臨戦用の陣城と推定されており、恒久的な城郭施設の存在は不明である。
- It is supposed that the castle was a temporary fort provided for fighting, and it is unclear whether permanent castle facilities were provided there.
- 6世紀後半の築造と推定され、「白河国造」の墓の可能性も考えられる。
- It is presumed that the tumulus was constructed in the latter half of the sixth century, and it is also considered that it may be the tomb of a 'Shirakawa no Kuni no Miyatsuko' governor (the governor of the Shirakawa Province).
- 古墳の構造から朝鮮からの渡来人によって築造されたと推定されている。
- Judging from the structure of the burial mound, it is estimated that it was constructed by the Koreans who settled in Japan.
- 創建当時の岡寺は現在の治田神社の位置にあったものと推定されている。
- This suggests that Oka-dera Temple was originally located at the place where Haruta-jinja Shrine now stands.
- 教会堂の所在地は中京区姥柳町(蛸薬師通室町西入)付近と推定される。
- The church is presumed to have been located in the vicinity of Ubayanagi-cho, Nakagyo Ward (Takoyakushi-dori Muromachi Nishi-iru).
- ただし、彼はバスク語及びナバラ語のバイリンガルだったと推定される。
- However, it is assumed that he was bilingual in Basque as well as in the Navarre language.
- 宗桂は、京都下京の町人宗也の息子で、比較的裕福だったと推定される。
- Sokei was a son of Soya, who was a merchant in the Shimogyo district, Kyoto, and it is believed that his family was relatively wealthy.
- 山形市にも「しっぽく」が訛ったと推定される「すっぽこうどん」がある。
- 'Suppoko Udon' in Yamagata City is presumed to be the same dish as Shippoku Udon, because 'Shippoku' is pronounced as 'Suppoko' in the local accent.
- 雑記等に記される同時代人の推定も50万人から200万人まで幅がある。
- Estimates of the population offered by miscellaneous documents of contemporaries also vary widely between five-hundred-thousand and two million.
- 当時から「七本槍」が虚名に近いという認識が広まっていたと推定される。
- Judging from these anecdotes, presumably there was a growing recognition even at the time that the story of the 'seven spears' was close to fiction.
- 実名の登録がされている者は、当該登録に係る著作物の著作者と推定する。
- A person whose true name has been registered shall be presumed to be the author of the work which is the subject of said registration.
- 坂上氏もこの中にあって直から連へ、また忌寸へと変わったと推定できる。
- It is possible to presume that the SAKANOUE clan was among such people, and that their kabane had changed from atai to muraji, and then to imiki.
- しかし、現在の所、具体的に被葬者を推定した文書等は発見されていない。
- However, no documents that specifically infer the entombed have been discovered yet.
- 承久3年(1221年)の兵火で焼失後、まもない頃の建立と推定される。
- It is presumed to have been rebuilt soon after being destroyed by a fire resulting from a conflict in 1221.
- 大日如来を中心とする金剛界の五仏で、安祥寺創建時の制作と推定される。
- The Five Buddhas of Vajradhatu (Diamond Realm) are centered around Dainichi Nyorai and estimated to have been crafted at the time of Ansho-ji Temple's founding.
- そして二歩を一ヤードとして私はこの牢獄の周囲を五十ヤードと推定した。
- and, admitting two paces to the yard, I presumed the dungeon to be fifty yards in circuit.
- この三尾は、現在の滋賀県高島市にある三尾里にあたると推定されている。
- The location of Sanbi is believed to be present-day Miozato in Takashima City, Shiga Prefecture.
- 積殖山口は、後の伊賀国阿拝郡柘植郷(現在の伊賀市柘植)と推定される。
- It is presumed that Tsumue yamaguchi later became Tsuge no go (Tsuge township), Ae County, Iga Province (now Tsuge, Iga City).
- 引付衆が下した訴訟判決に対する救済措置を行う越訴機関と推定されている。
- It is presumed to have been an institution that addressed a direct appeal to a senior official without going through the normal formalities as a relief measure against a judicial decision made by Hikitsukeshu (Coadjustor of the High Court).
- 到故郷」と記され、そのことから帰還まで300年程度経ったと推定される。
- for his home village,' it said, then it seemed that 300 years had passed from the time of his departure until his homecoming.
- 約30の石が積まれ、その総重量は2,300tに達すると推定されている。
- It is constructed by approximately 30 rocks, the total weight of which is estimated to be as heavy as 2,300 tons.
- それらの鏡が、短期間にほぼ同一場所・地域で製作されたと推定されている。
- Those mirrors are considered to have been manufactured in a particular place or region over a short period of time.
- 規模・形状は推定140メートルの前方後円墳で憤丘には円筒埴輪を巡らす。
- As for its scale and shape, it is an estimated 140-meter long keyhole-shaped tumulus, on which Ento haniwa (cylindrical haniwa) were placed in a surrounding way.
- 金堂は8世紀後半の宝亀年間(770 - 780年)の建築と推定される。
- It is estimated that Kon-do Hall was built in the Hoki period (770 - 780).
- ちなみにトンネル案の推定工費は3100億円 (通貨)と発表されている。
- The plan's estimated cost of tunnel construction is reported to be 310 billion yen.
- データの統計的な解釈方法−第2部:平均と分散に関する検定方法と推定方法
- Statistical Interpretation of DataPart 2 : Techniques of estimation and test relating to means and variances
- ――そしてこれはこの筆者のいる家か、旅館の名であろうと推定したわけだ」
- and supposing that the name was that of some house or inn at which the writer was staying.'
- スパムやパスワード推定の攻撃を防ぐためのCAPTCHA技術を提供します
- Provides CAPTCHA techniques to protect against spam and password-guessing
- つまり玄界灘沿岸地域が鉄資源入手ルートを独占していたと推定されている。
- It is suspected that the coastal area of the Genkai-nada Sea monopolized the route of iron acquisition.
- そのため、平山は、「脱亜論」は48年間、忘れられていたと推定している。
- So Hirayama assumed that 'Datsu-A Ron' had been forgotten for fourty-eight years.
- 雄には成熟した精巣が、雌には産卵後と推定される収縮した卵巣が認められた。
- Mature spermaries were identified in males, and contracted, presumably post-spawning ovaries were identified in females.
- 現在城郭の大半は宅地化され、推定地の中央には国道161号が貫通している。
- Presently, most parts of the place where the castle used to be have been developed as residential areas, and National Route 161 runs through the center of the estimated place of Sakamoto-jo Castle.
- また、鞆は魏志倭人伝に書かれる「投馬国」の推定地のひとつともなっている。
- Further, Tomo is deemed as one of the candidate sites that may have been the land of 'Toma' that appeared in the Gishiwajinden (an 'Account of the Wa [inhabitants of the western Japanese archipelago in the late third century]' in 'The History of the Wei Dynasty' which comprises 'The History of the Three Kingdoms' written by Chen Shou, where the account is known as the first historical record of Japan).
- 王墓と推定される巨大古墳は、前期後半には奈良盆地の西北部へ移動している。
- The construction sites of huge tumuli, being presumed those of emperors, moved to the northwestern part of the Nara basin in the later era of the first half of the kofun period.
- この実験の結果、要素Tが構造全体を決定しているという推定が導き出される。
- The result of this experiment leads to our presumption that element T determines the entire structure.
- ボーイング社はCFITを引き起こす一連の乗務員のミスの可能性を推定した。
- Boeing has calculated the chances of a series of crew errors leading to CFIT.
- これは大浦氏が三戸氏、八戸氏等と同様に南部氏の一族であったと推定される。
- Thus it is presumed that the Oura clan was a family of the Nanbu clan, as were the Mito clan, Hachinohe clan, etc.
- 当時の日本の総人口から推定される視覚障害者の人数は、5万人程度とみられた。
- The number of the visually-impaired estimated from the total population in Japan at that period was about 50,000.
- このような理由からとりあえず貞享4年(1687年)の成立と推定されている。
- Therefore, it is assumed so far that it was established in 1687.
- (奈良県奈良市・京都府相楽郡木津町、7世紀末あるいは8世紀初頭築造と推定)
- (Nara City, Nara Prefecture and Kizu Town, Soraku County, Kyoto Prefecture; estimated to be constructed in the end of the seventh century or in the early eighth century)
- 同父兄弟には阿居乃王(あけのみこ)や都紀女加(つきめか)が推定されている。
- Prince Ake (Ake no Miko) and Prince Tsukimeka were assumed to be the paternal half brothers of Prince Oi.
- 再生手続開始の日に取得した権利は、再生手続開始後に取得したものと推定する。
- A right acquired on the date of commencement of rehabilitation proceedings shall be presumed to be acquired after the commencement of rehabilitation proceedings.
- 受益証券の占有者は、当該受益証券に係る受益権を適法に有するものと推定する。
- The possessor of a certificate of beneficial interest shall be presumed to be the lawful owner of the beneficial interest pertaining to said certificate of beneficial interest.
- 夫婦のいずれに属するか明らかでない財産は、その共有に属するものと推定する。
- Property that does not clearly belong to either husband or wife shall be presumed to be held in co-ownership.
- 芸術的な価値の普遍的な基準や時間を超越した基準があると推定する伝統的な美学
- traditional aesthetics assumed the existence of universal and timeless criteria of artistic value
- 架橋ポリエチレン製(PE−X)管及び継手−ゲル含量の測定による架橋度の推定
- Pipes and fitting made of cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X) −Estimation of the degree of cross linking by determination of the gel content
- 日銀は推定10億ドルのドル買い支えを東京市場で行ったものと考えられている。
- The Bank of Japan is considered to have conducted a support buying of an estimated $1 billion on the Tokyo foreign exchange market.
- 当時のカスティーリャ語でも同じ綴りで発音はシャビエルであったと推定される。
- The same accent was used for the Castellan language at that time and pronounced as Shavieru.
- ボストン美術館には本巻の断簡と推定される「一銅釜」(いちどうふ)図がある。
- A scroll fragment of the 'Hell of the Single Bronze Cauldron' in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston is thought to have originally been part of the NNM scroll.
- 武蔵府中熊野神社古墳からは土器が出土していないため、築造年代の推定は難しい。
- It is difficult to estimate when the tumulus was built since no earthenware were found in it
- なお三段目は古墳完成当時は5メートル程度の高さがあったものと推定されている。
- It has been estimated to be about 5 meters high when it was completed.
- そのことなどからこの地震は複数の断層がほぼ同時に動いたものと推定されている。
- As such, it is estimated that this earthquake was caused by the movement of several faults at the same time.
- つまり、最終氷期初期は現在の3 - 4倍と、かなり多かったと推定されている。
- In other words, it is estimated that the amount in the last glacial period was three or four times that of today.
- 根拠は46、7歳で死亡したと見られる忍壁皇子が出土人骨の推定年齢に近いこと。
- One of the grounds is that the estimated age of the unearthed human bones is close to the age at which Osakabe no Miko is thought to have died.
- この石室には輝石安山岩(サヌカイト)と推定される板石が主として使われている。
- Stone plates supposed to be pyroxene andesite (sanukite) are mainly used for this stone chamber.
- 生年不明であるが、父・貞勝が死亡した永禄8年(1565年)以前と推定される。
- His birth year is unknown, but it is assumed that he was born before 1565, when his father Sadakatsu died.
- どのくらい前に、同じ源を持つ言語が違う言語に発達したかを推定するのに使われる
- used to estimate how long ago different languages evolved from a common source language
- このうち奥州合戦、和田合戦、承久の乱については、ほぼその軍奉行が推定出来る。
- Among these records, it is almost possible to identify the military commissioners in the battle of Oshu, the Wada battle, and the Jokyu Disturbance.
- 旧相馬中村藩主、相馬誠胤(そうまともたね)の統合失調症(推定)の症状が悪化。
- Tomotane SOMA, the former lord of the Soma-Nakaura Domain, was suffering mental disorder, reputedly schizophrenic, and the condition got worse.
- その贈答は天平5年(733年))ころから13年(741年)ころと推定される。
- It is estimated that the exchanges of tanka were carried out from around 733 to 741.
- 六角久頼の子であり、六角高頼の父と推定される人物(異説では高頼当人である)。
- He was a son of Hisayori ROKKAKU and is considered to have been the father of Takayori ROKKAKU (one theory has it that he was Takayori himself).
- 寛弘4年(1007年)から同8年(1011年)に編纂されたと推定されている。
- It is supposed to have been compiled from 1007 to 1011.
- 古酒は茶色がかって、現代の紹興酒のように醤油のような香りがあったと推定される。
- It can be guessed that well-cured sake had a brown color and a flavor like that of soy sauce as today's Shaoxing rice wine has.
- その造像は、講堂が創建された承和 (日本)6年(839年)頃と推定されている。
- It is estimated that the statues was made around 839, when the auditorium was built.
- そのさらに北の大門を入ると女帝の住まう「大殿」が営まれていたことが推定される。
- It is also estimated that further north was Daimon-gate and 'Otono' where the empress used to live.
- 近年、卑弥呼と同一人物として推定される候補の中では最有力の説となってきている。
- In recent years, among the various historical candidates, it is this woman who is most likely to, in fact, be Himiko.
- 比内と阿仁が出羽国の一部として扱われるようになったのは、これ以後と推定される。
- It is supposed that from this point, Hinai and Ani came to be treated as a part of Dewa Province.
- 推定生年:『古事記』には485年、『日本書紀』には允恭天皇39年(450年)。
- Estimated year of birth: 485 in 'Kojiki' and 450 in 'Nihonshoki'.
- 中央やや南寄りに政庁の正殿と推定される東西に長い四面庇付きの掘立柱建物がある。
- A little to the south of the center there is a structure supported by posts in the ground extending long from east to west and with eaves on the four sides, which is assumed to have been the main building of the government office.
- 破産者が破産手続開始の日にした法律行為は、破産手続開始後にしたものと推定する。
- A juridical act conducted by the bankrupt on the date of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings shall be presumed to be conducted after the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings.
- 慶長丁銀(慶長6年(1601年)7月、1,200,000貫(推定値)、80%)
- Keicho Cogin (July 1601, approximately 4500 t, 80%)
- しかし成朝は病弱であったため千手観音像の制作途中で亡くなったと推定されている。
- It is supposed, however, that Seicho died before the completion of the statue of Senju Kannon because sources suggest he was sickly.
- 高齢者・障害者配慮設計指針−視覚表示物−日本語文字の最小可読文字サイズ推定方法
- Guidelines for the elderly and people with disabilities - Visual signs and displays - Estimation of minimum legible size for a Japanese single character
- テキストとしても最古であるが、伝本にはない部分で第五巻の後半と推定されている。
- As a text, it is the oldest, and it is presumed to be from the latter half of Chapter 5 which is not in existence now.
- 大形獣の狩猟や解体、木の伐採や切断、土掘りなど多目的に用いられたと推定される。
- It is thought to have been used for multiple purposes such as for hunting and demising large-sized animals, felling and cutting trees, and digging.
- その時期は1160年代後半から1170年代前半にかけての時期と推定されている。
- It is conjectured that he did it between the latter half of the 1160s and the first half of the 1170s.
- 青木和夫は、首名が律令を学ぶとともに中国の農業書をも読んでいたと推定している。
- Kazuo AOKI assumes that Obitona had read agricultural books of China as well as learning the ritsuryo.
- 渡り土堤が後円部南側と前方部にあり、築造当初から設けられていたと推定されている。
- There are bridges by the soil embankments go across the surrounding moat at the south side of the circular rear-end and the rectangular frontage, presumably existed from the beginning as the original features.
- 本作品は吉祥悔過会(きちじょうけかえ)の本尊像として製作されたものと推定される。
- It is estimated that this work was produced as a statue for the principal image of Kichijokekae (reverence for devotional meetings).
- 作者の善円は、西大寺本堂本尊・釈迦如来像の作者である善慶と同人と推定されている。
- It has been inferred that the sculptor, Zenen was the same person as Zenkei, who was the sculptor of the statue of Shakanyorai which is honzon of hondo of Saidai-ji Temple.
- 築造年代は現在の崇神天皇陵である行燈山古墳より少し遅れた4世紀後半と推定される。
- This tumulus is considered having been constructed in the later half of the fourth century, slightly later than the Andonyama tumulus, now designated as the mausoleum of Emperor Suijin.
- 基本的な配置が律令制下の他の国府と同じなので、多賀城以前の陸奥国府と推定される。
- Because the basic arrangement is the same as that of other kokufu under the ritsuryo system, it is assumed to have been a kokufu prior to Taga-jo Castle.
- 壬申の乱にも使われていたことが分かり、長尾街道と竹内街道であると推定されている。
- These roads were used for the Jinshin War and are considered to be Nagao-kaido Road and the Takenouchi-kaido Road.
- この値は、従来技術(図3中の実線)から推定されるものより1オーダーを超えて低い。
- This is more than one order of magnitude lower than that extrapolated from the prior art (solid line in FIG. 3).
- 「九州年号」も7世紀末で終わっており、この時期に王朝の交代があったと推定される。
- The `Kyushu era' ended at the end of the seventh century, and it is assumed that there was a dynasty change during this period.
- 美術史家の小松茂美は第二種の筆者を源兼行(1023-1074頃活動)と推定した。
- The art historian Shigemi KOMATSU has postulated that the calligrapher of the second style was MINAMOTO no Kaneyuki (active around 1023-1074).
- 家族を家から排除する(離籍)権利(ただし未成年者と推定家督相続人は離籍できない)
- Right to remove family member from household register (except minor and presumed successor)
- そして推定される編纂年代から、この長井宗秀も『吾妻鏡』の編纂者のひとりとされる。
- In addition to the abovementioned facts, the estimated compilation date of the 'Azuma kagami' also suggests that Munehide NAGAI was probably one of the its compilers.
- 7段目については詞書を欠くため、「狐狼地獄」とも「灰河地獄」とも推定されている。
- Because the seventh scene is not accompanied by text, it is assumed to be a picture of the 'Hell of Foxes and Wolves' or 'Hell of the River of Ashes.'
- 養老律令も現在残っていないが、令義解と令集義解から養老律令の内容が推定されている。
- The Yoro Ritsuryo Code does not remain today either, but contents of the code can be inferred from the 'Ryo-no-gige' and 'Ryo-no-shuge.'
- そのため、即位灌頂の実施方法は時代によってかなり変遷があったものと推定されている。
- Therefore, it is inferred that the way of conducting sokuikanjo had changed remarkably depending upon the era.
- 地方の行政組織が全国的規模で動き出したのは天武朝においてであったと推定されている。
- It is assumed that it was during the reign of Emperor Tenmu that the organization of local administration spread throughout the entire country.
- 相手方の主張した事実を知らない旨の陳述をした者は、その事実を争ったものと推定する。
- A person who has stated that he/she has no knowledge of the fact alleged by the opponent shall be presumed to have denied such fact.
- 被相続人は、いつでも、推定相続人の廃除の取消しを家庭裁判所に請求することができる。
- A decedent may at any time make an application to the family court to rescind the disinheritance of a presumed heir.
- 盗掘を逃れて残っていた銅鏡などから7世紀末から8世紀初めの終末期と推定されていた。
- A bronze mirror and other items that escaped grave thieves and remained suggested that the tumulus was built in the Final Kofun period between the end of the 7th century and the beginning of the 8th century.
- なお、創建当時は現在位置より南方の銀閣に近い位置に建てられていたと推定されている。
- It is assumed that this structure originally in a more southerly position close to Ginkaku.
- しかしその後の増補があり、最終的には保延年間(1135~41)の成立と推定される。
- However, it was enlarged in later years, so that the final completion is estimated to be from 1135 to 1141.
- 推古四年における蝦夷の年齢は11歳となることから、善徳が蝦夷の兄と推定されている。
- Because the age of Emishi in 596 was 11, Zentoko is assumed to have been the elder brother of Emishi.
- 敦康親王関係文書 - (御物)行成の日記「権記」の自筆原本の一部と推定されている。
- A document related to the Imperial Prince Atsuyasu ('Gyomotsu') was determined to be an original writing of Yukinari and a part of the diary, 'Gonki.'
- 『昭和財政史』によれば、敗戦前後の皇室の財政規模は約2,500万円と推定されている。
- According to 'Showa Zaiseishi' (The Financial History of Showa), the financial scale of the Imperial Family before and after the War was presumed to be about twenty five million yen.
- これに従うと生年は天文 (元号)5年(1536年)と推定され、没年は104歳となる。
- Following this theory, his year of birth is estimated to be 1536, and he died at the age of 104.
- ただし、たびたび加筆・増補が行われ、最終的には室町時代まで行われたと推定されている。
- Provided, however, that its improvement or enlargement was often made and it is presumed that such revision or enlargement was continuously made until the Muromachi period.
- 平安時代前期、『伊勢物語』の成立後で、村上天皇の御世、950年ごろと推定されている。
- Accomplishment of this literary work is estimated at around 950 during the reign of the Emperor Murakami, in the early Heian period, following the accomplishment of 'Ise Monogatari.'
- 堺南荘の会所は、発掘調査などで開口神社境内の念仏寺(廃寺)にあったと推定されている。
- The meeting place of the Sakaiminamisho region has been determined through excavations etc. and is assumed to have been at the Nenbutsu-ji Temple (abolished temple) on the precincts of Aguchi-jinja Shrine.
- オランダ、スペインなどにおいても、貴族としての儀礼称号が法定推定相続人に与えられる。
- Ceremonial titles are given to apparent heirs as nobles in the Netherlands, Spain, and other countries.
- しかし、この地震は記事の内容から推定されるほど大規模なものではなかったとされている。
- However, it is said that the scale of this earthquake was not as big as estimated from its description.
- 占有者は、所有の意思をもって、善意で、平穏に、かつ、公然と占有をするものと推定する。
- It shall be presumed that a possessor possesses Thing with the intention to own, in good faith peacefully and in public.
- 境界線上に設けた境界標、囲障、障壁、溝及び堀は、相隣者の共有に属するものと推定する。
- Boundary markers, fences, walls, channels and moats installed on boundary lines shall be presumed to be co-owned by the neighbors.
- 第一殿の棟木に元応2年(1320年)の墨書があり、他の2棟も同時の建立と推定される。
- The year 1320 is inscribed on the first shrine's ridgepole, so the other two shrines are also assumed to have been built in 1320.
- 波形の衣文などに宋風様式の顕著な作品で、快慶または彼に近い仏師の作と推定されている。
- This striking statue featuring Chinese Song Dynasty style features such as ripples on the clothing have led to the assumption it was created by Kaikei or a Buddhist sculptor closely acquainted with him.
- この婚姻の時期は大姫の生年から治承2年(1178年)頃のことであると推定されている。
- Time of marriage is estimated from birth year of Ohime, and said to be around 1178.
- 数量的データの収集と解釈、また母数を推定するための確率論の使用に関する応用数学の分野
- a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters
- ただ逸勢以外の書家からその書風を見出すことができないので、逸勢の筆と推定されている。
- The writing is presumed to be Hayanari's, because no other calligrapher but Hayanari had the writing style seen in them.
- 積殖は、後の伊賀国阿拝郡柘植郷(現在の伊賀市柘植)と推定され、当時は伊勢国に属した。
- It is believed that Tsumue belonged to Ise province at the time, and later became Tsuge county, Ae country, Iga province (Present day Iga city),
- It is believed that Tsumue yamaguchi was later Tsuge-go, Ae County, Iga Province (current Tsuge, Iga City) and belonged to Ise Province at that time.
- Tsumue is assumed to have later become Tsuge no go (Tsuge township), Ae County, Iga Province (now Tsuge, Iga City).
- この御幸において高倉天皇と清盛の娘・平徳子の婚姻が、正式に合意に達したと推定される。
- It is inferred that the marriage of Emperor Takakura and Kiyomori's daughter, TAIRA no Tokuko, was officially agreed upon during this imperial visit.
- 現存する茶会記の記録内容から、天正年間に宗慶を介して千利休と知り合ったと推定される。
- From a record in existing Chakaiki (records of tea parties), it was assumed that Chojiro met SEN no Rikyu through Sokei during the Tensho era.
- 2007年7月~2008年6月までの推定産出量は45000トンである(食料新聞より)。
- The estimated amount produced between July 2007 and June 2008 is 45,000 tons (from Food News).
- 下絵を壁面に転写するには念紙法、押圧線引法という2つの技法が使われたと推定されている。
- It is estimated that the sketches traced to the wall surface by the two methods such as Nenshiho (the carbon paper method) and Oatsu Senbikiho (a transcription method by pressing).
- 一番古い形態を残しているのは東寺観智院旧所蔵本(現在天理図書館所蔵)と推定されている。
- It is presumed that its oldest style remains in a book which was formerly owned by To-ji Kanchi-in Temple (currently, owned by the Tenri Central Library).
- 私文書は、本人又はその代理人の署名又は押印があるときは、真正に成立したものと推定する。
- A private document, if it is signed or sealed by the principal or his/her agent, shall be presumed to be authentically created.
- 前後の両時点において占有をした証拠があるときは、占有は、その間継続したものと推定する。
- If there is evidence of possession at two different points in time, it shall be presumed that possession continued during the interval.
- 長谷寺の創建は奈良時代、8世紀前半と推定されるが、創建の詳しい時期や事情は不明である。
- It is believed that Hase-dera Temple was established in the early part of the 8th century during the Nara period, but details on the period and circumstances of its establishment are unknown.
- 積殖山口は後の伊賀国阿拝郡柘植郷(現在の伊賀市柘植)と推定され、当時は伊勢国に属した。
- Tsumue yamaguchi is assumed to have been a place which later became Tsuge-go, Ahai County, Iga Province (present Tsuge, Iga City), which belonged to Ise Province at that time.
- 前身寺院である出雲寺は、京都市上京区の相国寺の北、上御霊神社付近にあったと推定される。
- It is assumed that its predecessor, Izumo-ji Temple, was located in the vicinity of Kamigoryo-jinja Shrine to the north of Shokoku-ji Temple in Kamigyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City.
- それは推定証拠であって、そのようなものとして、人に従うことを要求する権利を持つのです。
- presumptive evidence, and as such, have a claim to his deference:
- このことからも、倭では既に1世紀には文字の使用が一部では始まっていたことが推定できる。
- From this, it can be assumed that a part of the Wa started using characters during the first century.
- これは毛野氏が古くから蝦夷に対して影響力を持っていたことを示していると推定されている。
- This fact is assumed as evidence that the Kenu clan had wielded great influence over the Emishi/Ezo (northerners and northeasterners) from a long time ago.
- その結果、平山は1885年には「脱亜論」は何の反響も引き起こさなかったと推定している。
- Therefore, Hirayama concluded that 'Datsu-A Ron' did not have any impact in 1885.
- 没年は不詳だが、嘉禎4年(1238年)から仁治2年(1241年)の間と推定されている。
- While the year of his death is not specified, it is estimated to be around 1238 to 1241.
- 積殖山口の推定地は後の伊賀国阿拝郡柘植郷(現在の伊賀市柘植)で、当時は伊勢国に属した。
- It is believed that Tsumue yamaguchi was later Tsuge-go, Ae County, Iga Province (current Tsuge, Iga City) and belonged to Ise Province at that time.
- 大阪出身で京都に住む商人が書いた、著名な料理人が後進のために書いたなどと推定されている。
- It is assumed that it was written by a merchant who was born in Osaka and lived in Kyoto, or by a famous cook for successors.
- 国府と書いて「こくふ」と読む地名には、近代以降に国府推定地に新たに付けられたものが多い。
- Many place names written as '国府' in Chinese characters, which is pronounced 'Kokufu,' have been applied to the estimated site where Kokufu was located since the modern period.
- 投資証券の占有者は、当該投資証券に係る投資口についての権利を適法に有するものと推定する。
- The person who possesses the Investment Securities shall be presumed to be the lawful owner of the rights related to the Investment Equity pertaining to said Investment Securities.
- 債権の売主が債務者の資力を担保したときは、契約の時における資力を担保したものと推定する。
- If the seller of a claim warrants the solvency of the obligor, it shall be presumed that the seller warranted the solvency as at the time of the contract.
- 解体修理に際しては庇の瓦、入口の障子戸などを撤去し、19世紀前半頃の姿に推定復元された。
- When the house was taken apart and repaired, the roof tiles on the hisashi (eaves) and Shoji-to (sliding paper door) at the entrance were removed to restore the assumed form of the house that existed in the early nineteenth century.
- 電子記録名義人は、電子記録に係る電子記録債権についての権利を適法に有するものと推定する。
- The Electronically Recorded Person shall be presumed to legitimately hold the right to the Electronically Recorded Monetary Claim pertaining to the Electronic Record in question.
- 著作者は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、当該各号に掲げる行為について同意したものと推定する。
- In the cases listed in each of the items below, the author shall be presumed to have consented to the acts listed in such item:
- 宗教裁判官のやり方を思い出して、その点から自分のほんとうの状態を推定してみようと試みた。
- I brought to mind the inquisitorial proceedings, and attempted from that point to deduce my real condition.
- 日本への将来した唐物の一端は東大寺正倉院の宝物や『日本国見在書目録』から推定可能である。
- Some of the karamono that were brought into Japan can be assumed from the treasures in Todaiji Temple Shosoin or 'Nihonkoku genzaisho mokuroku' (Catalogue of Present Books in Japan).
- 吉川真司と菱田哲郎は、丸山地区丸山西遺跡を調査、発掘し、金鐘寺の境内地であると推定した。
- Shinji YOSHIKAWA and Tetsuo HISHIDA theorized that the West Maruyama ruins in the Maruyama area had been the precincts of Konshu-ji Temple according to their research and excavation on the site.
- その編纂が仮に事実であったとしても、口承伝承に多く頼らざるを得なかったと推定されている。
- Even if that compilation had been true, it is guessed that it had to have largely relied on oral traditions.
- 見瀬丸山古墳(みせまるやまこふん、欽明陵と推定される、全長318メートル、奈良県橿原市)
- Mise Maruyama Tumulus (Mise Maruyama Kofun: It is apparently the burial tomb mound of Emperor Kinmei; the total length is 318 meters long, Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture)
- 長徳4年(998年)頃、弟と推定される明法博士惟宗允正とともに令宗朝臣の姓を与えられた。
- Around 998, he was given a title, Yoshimune Ason, together with KOREMUNE no Tadamasa, who was a professor of law and said to be his younger brother.
- このように、本巻は完本ではなく、大部の絵巻であったものの一部分が残ったものと推定される。
- Therefore it is assumed that this scroll is not a whole but only a part of a huge hand scroll that survived.
- 未醤は現在でいうところの豆味噌系であったと推定され、麹が多用されるのは、後世の事であった。
- Misho is presumed to be something like bean miso of today, but it was only in later ages when koji was frequently used.
- 養老律令の私撰注釈書で、飛鳥時代から奈良時代と推定される米麹による酒造法が記述されている。
- It was a commentary of the Yoro ritsuryo code (code promulgated in the Yoro period) in which there is a description on a sake brewing method by rice malt that was guessed to be done from the Asuka period to the Nara period.
- これが多々良氏の初見であり、この頃すでに在庁官人として大きな勢力を持ち始めたと推定される。
- This was the first appearance of the Tatara clan, and it is supposed that it had already started to have a great power as a Zaichokanjin around those days.
- 全体としての人口は、陸奥国や武蔵国のような多いところで2、3千人に達したと推定されている。
- The population is presumed to have reached 2,000 to 3,000 in a dense area such as Mutsu Province and Musashi Province.
- 「辛巳年」は天武10年(681)、「大来」は大友皇子の姉の大来(伯)皇女の名と推定できる。
- It can be estimated that those characters refer to the following: 'Kanotomi' means Tenmu 10th year (681), and 'Okume' means the name of Prince Otomo's sister, Okume-no-miko (Princess Okume).
- 神亀元年(724年)に多賀(多賀城)に城柵が築かれてからは、その地に置かれたと推定される。
- It is assumed that in the year 724 a fortress (Taga-jo Castle) was built located in Taga.
- したがって現時点でこの混沌とした状況から何が生まれ出てくるかを推定することは容易ではない。
- It is not easy to say as yet what will one day be evolved from this necessarily somewhat chaotic period.
- 政府監督官僚たちが挙げた解読時間推定はすべて、汎用コンピュータを使った数字に基づいている。
- All of the time estimates presented by Administration officials were based on use of general-purpose computers to do the job.
- 当時のヤマト王権に史書編纂に資する正確かつ十分な文字記録があったと推定しうる根拠は乏しい。
- There are few reasons for the assumption that the Yamato dynasty at that time had accurate and enough records which could contribute to the compilation of history books.
- 以上が宗良親王に提出された部分だと推定され、この後には宗良親王からの返書が収録されている。
- It is conjectured that these poems were the ones submitted to Imperial Prince Munenaga, and there is an answer from him after these poems.
- 環濠の断面はV字形と逆台形で、溝の幅2メートル、深さ1.5メートルあったと推定されている。
- The moat had 'V' and 'U' shaped sections, and is believed to have been 2 m wide and 1.5 m deep.
- これを村岡は「家康こと元信の亡き数正に対する意趣返しではないのであろうか」と推定している。
- MURAOKA suggests that Motonobu may have exacted this punishment in revenge for the late Kazumasa.
- 当時の女性が、消息をしたためるという事実から、かなりの教養があった女性であると推定できる。
- Judging from the fact that she wrote letters, it can be presumed that she was a woman who stood on a high intellectual level compared with ordinary women at the time.
- 薬師寺において吉祥悔過会の始められた宝亀2年(771年)頃に製作されたものと推定されている。
- It's estimated that the picture was produced around 771, when the Kichijokekae started at Yakushi-ji Temple.
- 鮮新世前後に活動していた火山が侵食した結果、現在の青葉山の山体が形成されたと推定されている。
- It is considered that the present mountain shape of Mt. Aoba was formed by the erosion of a volcano that was active around the Pliocene.
- なおこの縦穴石室は、ほぼ真北を向いており、被葬者の頭も真北に向けられていたことは推定できる。
- Moreover, this pit stone chamber points to almost true north, from which we can guess that the head of the deceased pointed to true north.
- 他人の特許権又は専用実施権を侵害した者は、その侵害の行為について過失があつたものと推定する。
- An infringer of a patent right or exclusive license of another person is presumed negligent in the commission of the said act of infringement.
- 洛中洛外図により、寒梅館周辺は第12代将軍足利義晴が再築した室町殿のあった場所と推定される。
- According to 'Views in and Around Kyoto (Rakuchu rakugai zu)', the area around Kambaikan was considered to have been the site of the Muromachi estate (Muromachi dono), which the twelfth shogun Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA had reconstructed.
- 現存する阿弥陀如来像は像高2.2メートルを超える大作で、丈六阿弥陀堂の本尊と推定されている。
- The extant large statue of Amitabha measures over 2.2 meters in height and is assumed to be the principal image of Joroku Amida-do.
- この寺の創建年代についてはついては不詳であるが、周辺の発掘調査から飛鳥時代と推定されている。
- The precise time of the temple's founding is unclear but excavations of the surrounding area have led to estimates that it was constructed during the Asuka period.
- また、車持皇子のモデルは藤原不比等、石作皇子のモデルは多治比嶋だっただろうと推定されている。
- Also, it is conjectured that Prince Kurumamochi was modeled after FUJIWARA no Fuhito, and Prince Ishizukuri's model was TAJIHI no Shima.
- 追葬がなされていると見られる点から、初葬は7世紀中ごろ、追葬が7世紀後半になるとの推定もある。
- Considering the fact that additional burials have been identified, some estimate that the first burials were made in the mid 7th century and the additional burials in the late 7th century.
- 4例目は2007年に確認調査が行われた天文台構内古墳(東京都三鷹市、7世紀中頃と推定)である。
- The fourth is the Tenmondai Konai-kofun Tumulus (Mitaka City, Tokyo Prefecture; estimated to be constructed in the middle of the seventh century) investigated to confirm in 2007.
- 今谷説は美術史家にも衝撃を与えたが、その後、瀬田勝哉は景観年代を下げ、注文主を足利義輝と推定。
- Imatani's assertion impacted art historians, however, later, Katsuya SETA advanced the year of the scenery and he presumed the one who ordered to paint it was Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA.
- 一説によれば、当時の日本の銃の保有量はオスマン帝国と並んで世界最大規模だったと推定されている。
- According to a theory, it is estimated that the number of guns in Japan at that time was largest in the world together with Ottoman Empire.
- 遺物の出土は確認されていないものの、年代は石槨の形態から7世紀末葉から8世紀初頭と推定される。
- Although no relic is found there, it is presumed that from the shape of the sekkan, the tumulus was constructed in the era from towards the end of the seventh century to the early eighth century.
- 前条第二項に規定する連帯債務者相互の間においては、その各自の負担部分は、等しいものと推定する。
- As for the joint and several obligors prescribed in the provision of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, it shall be presumed that the share of their cost is equal.
- 国又は口座名義人は、その管理口座における記録がされた算定割当量を適法に保有するものと推定する。
- It shall be presumed that the national government and Account Holders are in legal possession of the carbon dioxide equivalent quotas recorded in their Management Accounts.
- 他人の育成者権又は専用利用権を侵害した者は、その侵害の行為について過失があったものと推定する。
- A person who has infringed a breeder's right or an exclusive exploitation right of another person shall be presumed to have been negligent in the commission of the said act of infringement.
- その紙背文書には桃山時代に遡ると推定される天候や雲の形による卜占を図示したものが画かれている。
- The other side of Kanchu-keizu features shihai monjo (an old document which was written on the other side of a piece of used paper) depicts augury based on the weather and the shape of clouds, which is considered to date back to the Momoyama period.
- 大彦の活躍した時代は3世紀末から4世紀初頭と推定され、崇神より一世代後と考えるのが妥当である。
- These facts indicate that Obiko lived from the late third century to early fourth century, a period that was one generation after the Emperor Suijin.
- 薨去時の年齢は不明だが、皇子である智努王らの生年から40歳代中盤から50歳代前半と推定される。
- His age at the time of death is unclear, but it is estimated from details such as the year of the birth of his son Prince Chinu that he died in his mid-40's to early 50's.
- 現在の安楽寿院の本尊である阿弥陀如来像は、この本御塔の本尊として造られたものと推定されている。
- It is assumed that the Amida Nyorai statue that currently serves as the principal image of Anrakujuin Temple was originally crafted the principal image of Hon-mito pagoda.
- いずれの場合にも、こうした発言はわれわれの推定や、暗号研究者たちの見解とはかなりちがっていた。
- In all cases, these statements were at odds with our own estimates and those of the cryptographic research community.
- 本阿弥切(ほんあみぎれ)は、12世紀初め頃の書写と推定される『古今和歌集』の写本の通称である。
- Honamigire is a nickname for the manuscript of 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), which is assumed to have been transcribed at the beginning of the twelfth century.
- 近畿式は大和・河内・摂津で生産され、三遠式は濃尾平野で生産されたものであろうと推定されている。
- It is thought that the Kinki type was produced in Yamato, Kawachi and Settsu Province while the Sanen type was made in the Nobi Plain.
- 現在の奈良市立一条高等学校の敷地内が芸亭の所在地と推定されており、同校内には碑文が立っている。
- The Untei is believed to have stood in the grounds of present-day Nara Municipal Ichijo High School, and a monument dedicated to the library stands inside the property.
- もともと尾崎家は伊勢屋という商家であると推定されるが、惣蔵の代には既に廃業していたようである。
- It is assumed that the Ozaki family used to be a house of merchants named Iseya, but it seems that Iseya had already been out of business by the time of the Sozo generation.
- 金堂は、法隆寺で仁王会が行われた持統天皇7年(693年)までには建立されていたと推定されている。
- It is estimated that the Kondo had been built by 693 when Ninno-e (a Buddhist ceremony of lecturing Ninnogyo [the Sutra of Benevolent Kings] to keep the nation tranquil) was held at Horyu-ji Temple.
- 城郭、出城としての役割を果たした城もあれば、居館程度の城など様々な支城があったと推定されている。
- There were probably many kinds of subsidiary castles, and some acted as castles and branch castles, and some acted just as residences.
- しかし1984年、同市脇本にある脇本遺跡から、5世紀後半のものと推定される掘立柱穴が発見された。
- However, in 1984, a pit of a pillar embedded directly in the ground was found in the Wakimoto ruins located at Wakimoto, Sakurai City, and it was supposed to date back to the late 5th century.
- 前項の登録がされている著作物については、その登録に係る年月日において創作があつたものと推定する。
- A work as to which the date of [its] creation has been registered as set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be presumed to have been created on said registered date.
- 原田大六は福岡県前原市にある平原遺跡出土の内行花文鏡と同じ形のものではなかったかと推定している。
- Dairoku HARADA estimates that the mirror had the same shape of the Naiko Kamonkyo Mirror, which was excavated from the Hirabaru ruins in Maebara City, Fukuoka Prefecture.
- この推定は、必要となるリソース 3 段階とゆるく関連した、3 つのアプローチの概略を述べている。
- This estimate outlined three basic approaches loosely correlated with three levels of resources.
- その時、私はふと羊のことを思い、訊ねてみると、自分でも驚くほど私の推定が当ってるのを知りました」
- My eyes fell upon the sheep, and I asked a question which, rather to my surprise,
- 後村上天皇の女御であり、長慶天皇・後亀山天皇の双方あるいは少なくとも一方の生母と推定されている。
- She was the nyogo (a court title given to a consort of the Emperor) of Emperor Gomurakami, and seems to have given birth to both Emperor Chokei and Emperor Gokameyama, or at least one of them.
- その後、修正が加えられて遅くても後述の金沢文庫本が作成される前には完成していたと推定されている。
- It is presumed to have been completed, with some corrections added afterwards, at the latest before the preparation of the later-mentioned Kanazawa Library book.
- また、淳陀太子の没年と高野新笠の推定生年(710年 - 720年)には200年以上の開きがある。
- In addition, there is a discrepancy of more than 200 years between the year in which Prince Junda died and the estimated year in which TAKANO no Niigasa was born (710 - 710).
- 現在の装丁は制作当初からのものではなく、大部の絵巻であったものの一部分が残ったものと推定される。
- It is assumed that the current binding of the scroll is not the original and therefore it is not a whole but only a part of a huge hand scroll that survived.
- これらの遺品を見ると、当時の絵画は中国六朝様式の影響が濃い、簡明な様式のものであったと推定される。
- Reviewing these remains of artifacts, it is presumed that paintings of those days were succinct as greatly influenced by the style of the Chinese six dynasties.
- 応天門の変のおよそ300年後、後白河天皇が『年中行事絵巻』とともに常磐光長に描かせたと推定される。
- Emperor Goshirakawa is thought to have commissioned this scroll and the 'Nenchugyoji Emaki' (picture scroll dipicting annual events and celebrations) to Mitsunaga TOKIWA 300 years after the Otenmon Incident.
- 海底地形は、冠島と沓島両島の東側は比高60m以上の急崖を形成しており、南北走向の断層が推定される。
- The bottom topography of the eastern part of both islands, Kanmuri-jima Island and Kutsu-jima island, consists of a steep cliff nearly 60m high, and a fault is presumed to run from north to south.
- 懸賞広告者がその指定した行為をする期間を定めたときは、その撤回をする権利を放棄したものと推定する。
- If the advertiser offering prizes specifies the period during which the designated act must be performed, it shall be presumed that the advertiser has waived its right to revoke.
- 前項の決議に参加した理事であつて議事録に異議をとどめないものは、その決議に賛成したものと推定する。
- A director who has participated in the resolution set forth in the preceding paragraph and whose objection is not kept in the minutes shall be presumed to have agreed to said resolution.
- 優先出資証券の占有者は、当該優先出資証券に係る優先出資についての権利を適法に有するものと推定する。
- The possessor of a Preferred Equity Security shall be presumed to be the lawful owner of rights in relation to the Preferred Equity pertaining to said Preferred Equity Security.
- 若干の率または標準に一致することをパターン化する、作る、管理する、設定する、測る、あるいは推定する
- pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard
- 測定の不確かさ−第1部:測定の不確かさの評価における併行精度,再現精度及び真度の推定値の利用の指針
- Measurement uncertainty-Part 1:Guidance for the use of repeatability, reproducibility and trueness estimates in measurement uncertainty estimation
- 高名な暗号学者たちが、安全のために必要な鍵のサイズについて1996年の論文で推定を発表している*。
- Some senior cryptographers estimated what key sizes were needed for safety in a 1996 paper;*
- 作風、納入品、伝来などから運慶ないし運慶工房作であることが強く推定される作品として次のものがある。
- The following works are strongly believed to have been carved by Unkei or members of his workshop because of their style, items stored in sculptures, and records.
- 日本では、天平7年(735年)玄ボウ(げんぼう)が将来した五千余巻は、当時の欽定大蔵経と推定される。
- In Japan, the approximately 5,000 volumes that Genbo brought back in 735 were assumed to be the authorized Tripitaka at that time.
- 翌年に明治天皇の御勅許が下り、県が「高畠」と呼ばれる橿原宮跡(の推定地、現在の外拝殿前広場)を買収。
- Next year, Emperor Meiji granted permission for Nara Prefecture to purchase the remains of Kashiwara no Miya, called 'Takabatake' (where is a presumed place of Kahiharano miya and is the square in front of Outer Haiden today).
- 酒壷10壷以上の酒屋が対象になったと考えられ、諸記録から酒壷毎に100文が課されたと推定されている。
- Based on various records, sake breweries equipped with 10 sake pots or more are considered to have been subject to tax, and probably 100 mon was imposed on each sake pot.
- 明渡しの催告後に不動産等を占有した占有者は、明渡しの催告があつたことを知つて占有したものと推定する。
- A possessor who took possession of the real property, etc. after a demand for surrender was made shall be presumed to have taken possession of the real property, etc. knowing that said demand for surrender has been made.
- 前項の決定の執行後に同項の不動産を占有した者は、その執行がされたことを知つて占有したものと推定する。
- A person who took possession of the real property set forth in the preceding paragraph after the execution of the order set forth in said paragraph shall be presumed to have taken possession of the real property, knowing that said order has been executed.
- 売買の目的物の引渡しについて期限があるときは、代金の支払についても同一の期限を付したものと推定する。
- If there is a due date for the delivery of the subject matter of the sale, it shall be presumed that the same due date was also agreed for the payment of the purchase money.
- 現在、安楽寿院の近くにある北向山不動院の本尊不動明王坐像がこの康助作の不動像であると推定されている。
- It is assumed that the seated statue of Fudo Myoo that serves as the principal image of Fudo-in Temple on Mt. Kitamuki near Anrakujuin Temple is this Fudo Myoo statue that was crafted by Kojo.
- 塔・金堂を囲む回廊は、東西約81m、南北約72m、寺域は東西約175m、南北約115mと推定される。
- The corridors encircling the pagoda and main hall measured approximately 81 m east to west and approximately 72 m north to south, with the temple precinct estimated to have occupied an area of approximately 175 m east to west by approximately 115 m north to south.
- 螺鈿厨子の来歴は寺よりも古く、明朝初期の中国製のものであり、加賀藩が輸入したものであると推定される。
- This early Ming dynasty Chinese raden zushi predates the temple and is assumed to have been imported by the Kaga clan.
- さて単語としてみると、これは五文字から成る単語で、しかも私が先に推定したEが、第二と第四にあるもの。
- Now, in the single word I have already got the two E's coming second and fourth in a word of five letters.
- またばか力方式の探索コストの推定も、現実世界で暗号化テキストを復元するコストを過大に見積もっている。
- The cost of brute-force searching also overstates the cost of recovering encrypted text in the real world.
- 1240年3月頃(延応2年2月頃)- 泰綱、下野守の職を満了し、従五位上に昇進したものと推定される。
- Around March 1240, Yasutsuna finished his duty as the governor of Shimotsuke Province, and he was presumed to be promoted to Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade.
- 古墳時代後期の築造とみられているが、発掘調査が行われていないため正確な築造時期を推定することは難しい。
- It is thought that Umeyama Tumulus was constructed in the late Tumulus period, but because the excavation and research has not been carried out, it is difficult to estimate exactly when it was constructed.
- ただし、前後の清寧・顕宗天皇などの実在を否定する立場からは、執政期間がさらに数年に及ぶとの推定もある。
- However, some estimates that her administration was longer than a few years from the standpoint of denying the existence of the predecessor and successor Emperor Seinei and Emperor Kenzo.
- 椥辻東山は地図にみえないが、「西野東山」「東野東山」と同様、区の南東端の山間部に位置すると推定される。
- Nagitsuji Higashiyama town is not seen on the map, but it, as well as 'Nishino Higashiyama' and 'Higashino Higashiyama,' are possibly located in the mountain area, at the south-east end of the ward.
- 利益又は損失についてのみ分配の割合を定めたときは、その割合は、利益及び損失に共通であるものと推定する。
- If the proportions of the distributions are specified solely with respect to either profits or losses, it shall be presumed that the proportions are common to profits and losses.
- 6世紀後半-7世紀前半の遺跡と推定され、下総塚古墳被葬者の次代を担った「白河国造」の居館と考えられる。
- It is presumed that the residence was used in the era from the latter half of the sixth century to the first half of the seventh century, and it is considered having been resided by the 'Shirakawa no Kuni no Miyatsuko' governor who followed the person buried in the Shimousazuka tumulus.
- 高さ5.2メートルの巨像で、像内納入品の銘記から鎌倉時代、寛喜元年(1229年)頃の完成と推定される。
- It is a huge 5.2-meter-high statue and is supposed to have been completed around 1229 based on inscriptions found on goods stored inside the statue.
- ※卷第三より以降の漢風諡号は、『日本書紀』成立時にはなく、その後の人が付け加えたものと推定されている。
- *The Chinese-style posthumous names after volume 3 were not seen at the time of the establishment of 'Nihonshoki,' so that they are guessed to be added by another person later.
- 溶銅の量から、実に9000枚以上が鋳造されたと推定され、本格的な鋳造がされていたことが明らかになった。
- From the amount of molten copper, it was assumed that more than 9,000 coins were casted and it became clear that full-scale casting was done.
- これに対しては1932年(昭和7年)に黒板勝美が、大筋は認めるが即位の証拠はないとして称制を推定した。
- In response to this, Katsumi KUROITA argued in 1932 that a rough outline of Kida's thesis was acceptable but there was no proof of the enthronement, and assumed Shosei (ruling without official accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne).
- これは、推古天皇の時、聖徳太子が皇太子で政治の実権を握っていたことを模したものであると推定されている。
- This is presumed to have imitated the situation at the time of Empress Suiko, when Prince Shotoku was the Crown Prince and took the helm of politics.
- 大海人(おおあま)皇子の名は、凡海(おおあま)氏が皇子の養育にあたったことから付けられたと推定される。
- It is presumed that Prince Oama was named after Oama as he was involved in the prince's rearing.
- 制作事情については、天永3年(1112年)の白河天皇の六十の賀に際して宮廷で制作されたと推定されている。
- It is surmised that it was produced in 1112 by the Imperial Court in celebration of the 60th birthday of the Emperor Shirakawa.
- 平城京跡から発見された木簡に「志摩国志摩郡」の表記が見られ、当初は志摩国は一国一郡であったと推定される。
- The words; 'Shima Province, Shima County' was seen on mokkan discovered from the former site of Heijo-kyo, so it was assumed that Shima Province consisted of one province and one county at first.
- 作者については明らかでないが、壁面によって作風の違いがみられることから、数人の共同制作と推定されている。
- It is unknown who painted the murals; however, it is estimated as collaboration among several painters since the painting style varies from wall to wall.
- 前条の規定により損害賠償を請求する時における市場価額(市場価額がないときは、その時における処分推定価額)
- market value of the Securities at the time when claiming damages under the preceding Article (or, where no market value exists, their estimated disposal value); or
- 千手観音像(像高91.8cm)は一木割矧造、素地截金仕上げで、平安時代末期、12世紀頃の作と推定される。
- Senju Kannon zo (statue height: 91.8 cm) is made with the split-and-join method using wooden blocks from one tree with saikin (cut gold leaf) finishing applied to its groundwork, and it is estimated that it was created during the end of Heian Period, in the 12th century.
- 細部の様式等から、東塔は奈良時代末期、西塔はやや遅れて奈良時代最末期から平安時代初頭の建築と推定される。
- Judging from the style of the details, it can be guessed that the east pagoda was built at the end of the Nara period and that the west pagoda was from late Nara period to the beginning of the Heian period.
- 出土したものと、洛中洛外図が一致するため、この石敷きは室町殿の北東隅の社とその南の築地基礎と推定される。
- Identified as being the site that was portrayed in 'Views in and Around Kyoto,' the stone-paved site seems to be a part of a shrine located in the northeast section of the Muromachi estate and a foundation of the reclaimed land in the southern section of the shrine.
- 最後に 1996 年になると、暗号学者一人や二人ではなく、暗号学者グループによって推定が発表されている。
- Finally, in 1996, an estimate was prepared by not one or two cryptographers but by a group
- 柴田郡は地理的な関係から名取団に属したと推定できるので、名簿は胆沢城に駐屯した名取団のものと考えられる。
- Since it is presumable that Shibata County was covered by Natori-dan geographically, it is considered that Myobo was for the Natori-dan stationed at Isawa-jo Castle.
- 17世紀中期頃と推定されている『東海道絵巻物』(作者不明)は、東海道の各宿場町の景観を主に描写している。
- Among them is 'Tokaido Emakimono' (Picture Scroll of Tokaido [author unknown]), thought to be written in the middle of the 17th century; it mainly deals with the scenes of the post towns.
- 承安4年(1174年)、推定面積37ヘクタールの人工島経が島が竣工し、翌1175年には修築工事を終えた。
- In 1174 the construction work for an artificial island Kyogashima Island, whose estimated area was 37 hectares, was started and in 1175 the reconstruction work ended.
- ある考証によると、12の位階の冠の色は次のようなものであった可能性が高いと推定されるが、断定はできない。
- From the study of historical evidence, it is presumed, though it can not be affirmed, that the colors for the twelve ranks were as stated below.
- つまり、若宮遺跡では、環境に恵まれ、獲物にも恵まれて定住生活を営む上での条件がそろっていたと推定される。
- Therefore, it is assumed that the Wakamiya remains were blessed with favorable conditions such as a good environment and plenty of prey for maintaining a sedentary life.
- 養老律令が制定された718年の時点で、文官の礼服を構成する物の中に、襴がついた服があったと推定されている。
- It is considered that Raifuku for civil officers included layered clothing during 718 when the Yoro Ritsuryo Code was promulgated.
- しかし天皇の皇子など近親者が晩年は地方を引き上げ入洛していることから天皇も晩年は入洛したことが推定される。
- However, as his relatives including the prince left where they had lived and went to Kyoto in their later years, it is estimated that the Emperor Chokei did the same.
- 床面積が広いばかりでなく、周辺にやや小規模な付属屋的建物や、倉庫と推定される総柱式の建物を配置されていた。
- Not only its floor was spacious, but it was also provided with small-sized subsidiary buildings and a sobashira-type (with pillars inside a house as well) building presumed a warehouse.
- 慶長小判(慶長6年(1601年)頃、14,727,055両(推定値)、4.76匁、84.3%→86.8%)
- Keicho koban (around 1601, 14,727,055 ryo [estimation] 4.76 monme, 84.3%=>86.8%)
- 百済の影響下にあった耽羅も戦後、唐に使節を送っており倭国・百済側として何らかの関与をしたものと推定される。
- Tanra, a territory that was under the influence of Kudara, also sent an envoy to the Tang Dynasty, and it is speculated that Wakoku and Kudara was involved in this matter at some level.
- そのため、かつては日本全国に数百人いると言われたが、現在では宮大工の継承者は100人以下と推定されている。
- It is for this reason that there are estimated to be fewer than 100 such craftsmen remaining in Japan whereas it was said that there were once several hundred.
- 1996年初期の報告では、FPGA 5万ドル分あれば、DES鍵を平均で4ヶ月で回復できると推定されている。
- In a report in early 1996,* it was estimated that $50000 worth of FPGAs could recover a DES key in, on average, four months.
- このうち13棟は、桜島起源の火山灰桜島桜島の地層に覆われていることから、同じ時に存在したものと推定できる。
- The thirteen out of fourty-six dwellings were covered within the Sakurajima Island's stratum, the volcanic ash originated in Sakurajima Island; therefore, it is assumed that they existed during the same time period.
- 石舞台古墳(奈良県高市郡明日香村島庄、蘇我馬子の墓と推定、一辺約50mの方墳、全長19.1mの横穴式石室)
- Ishibutai Kofun (Shimasho, Asuka-mura, Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture: It seems to be the burial mound of SOGA no Umako, a square tumulus with about 50 meters in both length and width; the total length of the horizontal stone chamber is 19.1meters.)
- 成立した年代については、明衡が文章博士や東宮博士の要職に就いた晩年期の康平年間ではないかと推定されている。
- This collection is estimated to have been compiled during the Kohei era when Akihira was appointed to a number of important posts, such as Monjo hakase (professor of literature) and Togu hakase (professor for the crown prince) in his later years.
- 前述の仁平2年(1152年)の吉祥天像造立からは半世紀近くを経ており、ほどなく没したものと推定されている。
- It is assumed that he died soon after this construction because almost a half century had passed since 1152, the year when he built the statue of Kisshoten mentioned above.
- しかし、下記の証拠から、狩野正信は下野方面の出身で、足利長尾氏と何らかの関係があったものと推定されている。
- However, as the evidence below shows, it is presumed that he was from the Shimotsuke area and had some connection to the Ashikaga Nagao clan.
- 鏡王は他史料に見えないが、「王」称から2世 - 5世の皇族(王族)と推定され、一説に宣化天皇の曾孫という。
- Kagami no Okimi may have been a member of the ozoku (kozoku (the Imperial Family) who are second- to the fifth-generation descendants of an emperor) judging by the title '王' (O, which was used by male descendants of emperors up to the fifth generation), although his name does not appear in any other historical source; moreover, according to one theory, he may have been a great-grandson of Emperor Senka.
- このように田畑の少ない場所が国単位として成立していたことは、皇室・朝廷にとって特殊な場所であったと推定される
- As just described, it was assumed to be special places for the Imperial family and the Imperial court since it was approved as one province even though it had little farm land.
- 2008年現在、旧「重要美術品等ノ保存ニ関スル法律」による認定の効力を有する物件は、6千数百件と推定される。
- It is estimated that six thousand and several hundred properties retained their accreditation under the former 'Law relating to the reservation of important fine arts' as of 2008.
- 橋本は甲乙の音価の違いについて、甲音は現在のものと同じ音i, e, oとし、乙音をï, ë, öと推定した。
- As for the difference of sounds between A-type and B-type, Hashimoto presumed that A-type characters had the sounds of i, e, and o, same as the current ones, while B-type had the sounds of ï, ë and ö.
- 平安時代の宮廷で舞われたとされる「猨女」・「御巫」(『貞観儀式』)はいずれも巫女舞であったと推定されている。
- The dancers who performed at the Imperial Court during the Heian period are all presumed to have been mikomai, such as 'Sarume' (women regarded as descendants of Ama no Uzume, and engaged in offering Kagura dances to gods) and 'Mikannagi' (a woman in charge of dedicating various rituals to gods), both of which are referred to in the book titled 'Jogan Gishiki' (the ceremonial manners observed during Jogan era).
- それらは現在の形になる以前に模写された模本により、描かれた当時、あるいはその中間の形を推定することができる。
- By the copies and fragmentary leaves that are left today, the originals drawn at the time or intermediate works can be presumed.
- しかし、近代に和田英松が著者をその兄の藤原重隆として編纂年代を1110年代後半と推定してからは通説であった。
- However, in modern times, since Hidematsu WADA presumed that the author had been his elder brother, FUJIWARA no Shigetaka, and that the year of compilation had been the late 1110's, this presumption has been widely accepted.
- 秦氏が現在の桂川 (淀川水系)に灌漑工事として葛野大堰を築いた点から山背国太秦の起点は6世紀頃と推定される。
- It is estimated, from timing of the construction by the Hata clan of Kadono oi (the Kadono dam) as part of irrigation works for the present-day Katsura-gawa River (the Yodo-gawa River system), that the Uzumasa in Yamashiro Province has its origins around the sixth century.
- イギリスでは王位継承に男子優先長子相続制を採用しており、欠格事由のない限り、王の長男が法定推定相続人となる。
- The primogeniture with priority to male child is used for succession of the crown in England, and the first son of the king becomes an apparent heir unless there are any reasons for disqualification.
- 文書は、その方式及び趣旨により公務員が職務上作成したものと認めるべきときは、真正に成立した公文書と推定する。
- A document, if it is found, in light of its formality and purport, to have been prepared by a public officer in the course of his/her duties, shall be presumed to be an official document authentically created.
- 弁済期に至らない債権の売主が債務者の将来の資力を担保したときは、弁済期における資力を担保したものと推定する。
- If the seller of a claim which is not due yet warrants the future solvency of the obligor, it shall be presumed that he/she warranted the solvency as at the due date.
- 秀吉時代の御土居の位置に関する記録は現存しないが、現存する遺構や江戸時代の絵図からその位置が推定されている。
- The position of the Odoi mound is estimated based on its existing remains and maps of the Edo period, because the actual records of its position from the time of Hideyoshi are now lost.
- この巨大古墳は4世紀後半に築造され、墳丘長190メートルあり、海とのかかわりのある豪族の墓と推定されていた。
- It was presumed that this huge tumulus was constructed in the latter half of the fourth century and that, with its length of 190 m, was the tomb of the head of a local ruling family concerned with the sea.
- 古今集の冒頭の巻一と最後の巻二十を担当していることから、3人の筆者の中でもっとも地位の高い人物と推定される。
- Because he was in charge of transcribing both the very beginning (scroll one), and the very end (scroll twenty) of the Kokinshu, the presumption is that the calligrapher of the first style was the one who had the highest social status among the three.
- 父の和乙継は百済系渡来人の子孫で、カバネ(かばね)は和史(やまとのふびと)と推定されているが明らかではない。
- Her father, YAMATO no Ototsugu, was a descendant of clans that had migrated from Kudara (Baekje; an ancient kingdom located in southwest Korea), and his kabane (hereditary title) is assumed to have been YAMATO no Fubito but this is not certain.
- 長野県茅野市にある尖石遺跡では、皮を張って太鼓として使用されていたのではないかと推定される土器も出土している。
- From the remains of Togariishi in Chino City in Nagano Prefecture, earthenware mounted with skin, presumed to be used as a drum, has been excavated.
- 古今和歌集の歌人である遍昭僧正への返信で、年はなく5月27日の日付があるのみであるが、晩年の手紙と推定される。
- It was a reply to Sojo Henjo, a poet in Kokin Wakashu (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), and it was dated May 27 with the year unknown, but it is estimated to be a letter in his later years.
- 1968年、志苔館の南西方向100メートル地点から、埋納されたと推定される越前焼、珠洲焼の大甕3個が出土した。
- In 1968, three large Echizen-yaki and Suzu-yaki jars which are assumed to have been buried were excavated at a site 100m southwest of Shinoridate Castle.
- 現在も寺に残る鎌倉時代様式の木造仏頭は、この再興時の本尊廬舎那仏(るしゃなぶつ)の頭部であると推定されている。
- The wooden Buddhist's head in Kamakura period style that remains in the Temple is assumed to be the head of Rushana Butsu, the principal image at the time of this restoration.
- 創建の正確な事情や時期は未詳であるが、境内出土の瓦の年代から、長岡京造営以前、奈良時代の創建と推定されている。
- The precise time and circumstances of the temple's founding are unclear but roof tiles excavated within the precinct have led to estimates placing its founding to the Nara period prior to the establishment of the capital city of Nagaoka-kyo.
- 現存の障壁画の一部に不自然な継ぎ目があるのは、火災から救出されて残った画面を継ぎ合わせたためと推定されている。
- It is assumed that the unnatural order of the surviving wall paintings results from the re-arranging of those works that could be saved from the fire.
- この地は淳和天皇の離宮雲林院があったところと推定され、現在の京都市北区 (京都市)紫野、大徳寺の南方に当たる。
- This is assumed to be the site on which Emperor Junna's Imperial villa Unrin-in once stood and corresponds to the current area to the south of Daitoku-ji Temple in Murasakino, Kita Ward, Kyoto City.
- 強制を正当化するのは、彼に思いとどまって欲しい行為が、だれか他人に悪いことをもたらすと推定されるときなのです。
- To justify that, the conduct from which it is desired to deter him, must be calculated to produce evil to some one else.
- そして、教経は山の手(夢野口)の将と考えられることから、一般に義定が山の手を攻めた大将と推定されることが多い。
- Generally, is is now presumed Yoshisada as the general who attacked the hilly section fortress of the Taira clan because tsune was in command of the hilly section of the city (Yumeno fortress entrance).
- 村岡は元康と入れ替わった人物を「酒井浄慶」、後に「世良田二郎三郎元信」と名乗った願人坊主であると推定している。
- MURAOKA believes that the imposter who replaced Ieyasu was Jokei SAKAI, a gannin Buddhist priest who was later known as Jiro Saburo Motonobu SAKAI.
- 古くには「ホシをつける=容疑者を推定する。ホシがつく=容疑が固まる」などの用法もあった(隠語辞典・東京堂出版)。
- Formerly, usage such as 'hoshi wo tsukeru = to presume a crime suspect, hoshi ga tsuku = to substantiate a charge' and so on existed (Cant Dictionary, Tokyodo Publishing Co., Ltd).
- 南北朝時代 (日本)中期の貞和年間(1340年代後半)に幕府評定衆の中条挙房が頭人を務めていたと推定されている。
- It is presumed that Morofusa NAKAJO, a member of Bakufu hyojoshu (an organization of bakufu employing the council system), served as its chief in Jowa era in the period of Northern and Southern courts (Japan) (late 1340's).
- さらに幕末から、財政難の各藩による偽造二分金が横行し、今日現存する銀台にめっきしたものがそれであると推定される。
- Also from the end of the Edo period, each domains were in economic difficulties, therefore forged nibukin were distributed and it is considered that existing silver coins with gold finish are some of those.
- 鎌倉時代には御内人として蝦夷管領となり、室町時代には京都扶持衆に組み入れられたと推定され、後に戦国大名となった。
- In the Kamakura period, the clan took the position of Ezo kanrei (the Shogun aide of the northern part areas of Japan in the Kamakura period) as Miuchibito (private vassals of the Tokuso [the patrimonial head of the main branch of the Hojo clan]), and in the Muromachi period, it seems to have been incorporated into Kyoto fuchishu, and later it became a Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period).
- 4代菊池経宗・5代菊池経直が鳥羽院武者と記録されていることからも、菊池氏がその例に漏れなかったことが推定される。
- It can be assumed that the Kikuchi clan was not an exception based on the record in which the fourth head, Tsunemune KIKKUCHI, and the fifth head, Tsunenao KIKUCHI, were registered as the warriors of the Retired Emperor Toba.
- この温泉近くに断層があり、掘削が岩盤にまで到達していると推定されためか特長のある温泉となっていると推測されます。
- It is inferred that as there is a fault in the vicinity of this hot spring and borehole has reached the base rock, the hot spring became unique one.
- 占有移転禁止の仮処分命令の執行後に当該係争物を占有した者は、その執行がされたことを知って占有したものと推定する。
- A person who took possession of the subject matter in dispute after the execution of an order of provisional disposition prohibiting transfer of possession shall be presumed to have taken possession of the subject matter in dispute, knowing that said order has been executed.
- 屋根は明治44年(1911年)の解体修理以前には草葺きであったものを修理に際して瓦葺きに推定復元したものである。
- It used to have a thatched roof before the refurbishment in 1911, when the roof was restored with tiles.
- この法華堂は建春門院の法華堂の南側にあたり、蓮華王院(三十三間堂)に対面して二堂が並立していたと推定されている。
- This Hokke-do Hall was situated to the south of Kenshunmonin's Hokke-do Hall, and it is assumed that the two halls stood side-by-side facing Rengeo-in Temple (Sanjusangen-do).
- 「私は種々の理由から、この Abe Slaney. と云うのは、亜米利加(アメリカ)人であろうと推定したのです。
- 'I had every reason to suppose that this Abe Slaney was an American,
- 『日本書紀』、『古事記』は8世紀初頭頃に編纂されているので、ヤマト王権が確立したのは7世紀末であると推定される。
- The 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) and the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) were compiled around the early nineteenth century, from which it is assumed that the Yamato kingship was established in the end of the seventh century.
- 1852年(文政8年)、奉行所の役人であった北浦定政が『平城宮大内裏跡坪割之図』を著し、平城京の跡地を推定した。
- In 1852, a government official at the magistrate's office Sadamasa KITAURA estimated the site of Heijo-kyo by drawing 'Heijokyu daidairi ato tsubowari no zu' (Heijo-kyu Palace Dai-dairi site zoning map).
- この頃の『日本書紀』の対外的な記事には、推定干支を二運120年繰り下げる計算をすれば正しいと思われる記事がある。
- It was during this period in the investigation of Japanese history, scholars researching the external articles of 'Nihonshoki,' in a break through, identified through calculations was the correct dating of the events; the method used in calculation, was the movement backward in years by two cycles (one cycle = 60 years), 120 years, to the estimated sexagenarian cycle in the book.
- 当初は原氏の代官的な地位にあったと推定されるが、後に小金を自分の本拠として大谷口城(小金城)を築城したとされる。
- It is believed that he was originally the Daikan (local governor) for the Hara clan, but he later used the Kogane region as his own base and built Otanikuchi-jo Castle (as known as Kogane-jo Castle).
- 桂離宮の書院は「古書院」「中書院」「新御殿」の3つの部分に分かれ、このうち古書院の建設は1615年頃と推定される。
- The Shoin of Katsura Rikyu separated into three sections, 'Kosho in,' 'Chusho in' and 'Shin Goten,' and the Kosho in was presumed to be built in 1615.
- そこで、文徳天皇の時に不改常典は皇位継承と解されていなかったのであり、それは桓武天皇の場合も同様であると推定した。
- Then he supposed that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten during the reign of Emperor Montoku was not considered as the code to rule imperial succession and Emperor Kanmu also had a similar understanding.
- 翌弘仁3年(812年、推定)、最澄は空海に『摩訶止観』を贈り、また比叡山に登るように誘った書状を送ったようである。
- It seems that in the following year (presumably the year 812), Saicho gave Kukai 'Makashikan' (Mahayana Practice of Cessation and Contemplation), and sent an invitation letter to Mt. Hiei to Kukai.
- その収入額は明確ではないが、一説には当時の記録より嘉吉年間に月額200貫文が幕府に納付されていたと推定されている。
- The amount of revenue is not clear, but based on records of the time, it is estimated that 200 kanmon was paid to the bakufu every month during the Kakitsu Era (1141-1144).
- この絵図は正嘉2年(1258年)に作成されたと推定されており、同年11月付けの和与中分の内容についての裏書がある。
- This map is estimated to have been drawn in 1258 and the details of wayo-chubun made in November of the same year were underwritten on it.
- しかし最近、年輪年代学や放射性炭素年代測定による科学的年代推定を反映して、古墳時代の開始年代が従来より早められた。
- Recently, however, thanks to scientific dating techniques such as dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating, the start of the Kofun period has been considered earlier than previously thought.
- このようなことから、この集落の形成時期から様々な道具を造り、その周辺の地域に供給する集落であったと推定されている。
- From this, it is estimated that various tools were built from the time when this settlement was formed and the settlement provided the tools to the surrounding areas.
- 焼失した塔は、近隣の法隆寺、法起寺の塔とともに斑鳩三塔と呼ばれ、7世紀末頃の建立と推定される貴重な建造物であった。
- The burnt pagoda was counted among Ikaruga Santo (three pagodas in Ikaruga) along with the pagodas of neighboring Horyu-ji and Hokki-ji Temples, and it was highly valued as the structure that was supposed to be the architecture of the late seventh century.
- 作者は不明であるが、同じ鳥羽離宮内の勝光明院などの造仏を手がけていた当時の著名な仏師・賢円の作かと推定されている。
- The sculptor is not known but it is assumed to be the work of the renowned contemporary Buddhist sculptor Kenen who created other sculptures in Toba Rikyu's other Buddha halls such as Shokomyoin.
- 電子がバンプを通って抽出される効率は、バンプを横切る拡散時間を活性層における寿命と比較することによって推定される。
- The efficiency at which electrons are extracted over the bump can be estimated by comparing the diffusion time over the bump with the lifetime in the active layer.
- この信濃前司行長なる人物は、九条兼実に仕えていた家司で藤原顕時の孫である下野守藤原行長ではないかと推定されている。
- It is said that Shinano no Zenji Yukinaga was Shimotsuke no kami (the governor of Shimotsuke Province) FUJIWARA no Yukinaga and also a grandson of FUJIWARA no Akitoki, who was Keishi (household superintendent) serving Kanezane KUJO.
- その最大動員兵力はおよそ3万と推定されている(ただし3万の兵力を動員できるといっても、理想的な状況の場合である)。
- It has been assumed that the maximum number of soldiers it could deploy was about 30,000 (which of course presupposes an ideal circumstance).
- 豊島庄犬食名は豊島氏の所領であり、正確な場所は不明だが、足立区堀之内、川口市南平柳、荒川区尾久あたりと推定される。
- The disputed land of Toshima was part of the territory of the Toshima clan, whose location has not been specified but is presumed to have been around Horinouchi, Adachi Ward, Minami-hirayamagi, Kawaguchi City, or Oku, Arakawa Ward.
- 2006年現在、広島市だけで800軒以上(1992年中国新聞調べからの推定)、広島県内には2000軒あるといわれる。
- At present (2006), it is said that there are more than 800 shops just in Hiroshima City alone (estimated from a survey by Chugoku Shinbun newspaper in 1992) and 2000 shops in Hiroshima Prefecture.
- また、玄室の中央部からは棺台の一部と推定される高さ15センチメートルの盛り上がりや、木棺に使用される鉄釘が出土した。
- Also, 15 centimeters mound, estimated to be a part of a bier, along with iron nails for a wooden casket were excavated from the center of the burial chamber
- 折口信夫も付近の友人宅に滞在し、村人の誇り高さに感銘を受けると共に、被葬者の推定を行っているが、結論は出していない。
- Although a Japanese literature/folklorist, Nobuo ORIKUCHI, also tried to specify the buried figure through his own research during the stay at his friends house located near the tumulus, he did not reach the conclusion; however, he was deeply moved by the villagers taking pride of the tumulus as he conducted hearing with them.
- これら五王は、朝貢の見返りに、中国王朝から「倭国王」に封じられており、対外的にはこの称号を名乗っていたと推定される。
- These five kings, in return of the tribute, were taken into Sakuho system as 'Wakoku-o' by Chinese Dynasty, and it is estimated that this title was used diplomatically.
- 民衆を意味する百姓は、『論語』・『易』など戦国時代_(中国)に現在の形に編集されたと推定される書物から、頻見される。
- The term 'hyakusho' that indicates common people is often found in books that are considered to be edited in the Zhanguo Dynasty (China) into the current form, such as 'Rongo Analects' and 'Eki' (I ching).
- 安本美典は、天皇の平均在位年数などから推定すると、卑弥呼が生きていた時代とアマテラスが生きていた時代が重なるという。
- Biten YASUMOTO claims that, considering the average periods of the various emperors' reigns, the era of Himiko overlaps with the era of Amaterasu.
- 墳丘は全長約175メートル、後円部は直径約110m 高さ20m、前方部は長さ約80m 高さ約10mと推定されている。
- This tomb mound is estimated as follows: It was approximately 175 m long; the round part was approximately 110 m in diameter, 20 m in height; the rectangular part was approximately 80 m long, and approximately 10 m in height.
- 7世紀後半における大和朝廷の陸奥国経営における重要拠点であり、もう少し踏み込んで言うなら初期の陸奥国府と推定される。
- In the latter half of the seventh century it was an important place for the Yamato Dynasty to rule Mutsu Province, and speaking a little more daringly, it was presumably the early provincial capital of Mutsu Province.
- 法定推定家督相続人や戸主の妻、女戸主の入夫は廃絶家がその本家である場合に限って再興することができる(旧民法744条)
- A legal successor of a head of a family position, a wife of a head of a family, or a husband of a female head of a family can only revive own head family (the Old Civil Codes, Article 744).
- 「多沙鬼獲居」の「多沙鬼」は、『日本書紀』神功皇后 50 年 5 月の条に見える「多沙城」に由来する名と推定される。
- It is conjectured that '多沙鬼' in '多沙鬼獲居' was derived from '多沙城' in the article dated June 250 of 'Nihonshoki.'
- その後の動向は文和3年(1354年)以降には貞家の現れる史料が存在しなくなるため、この頃に死没したと推定されている。
- As for what happened to him after that, there are no historical materials about Sadaie after 1354, so he seems to have died around that time.
- 古来「大名物」として名高い茶入で、中国の南宋または元 (王朝)時代の作と推定され、戦国時代 (日本)に日本に渡来した。
- It is renowned as 'O-meibutsu' (great famous objects), which was probably the work of the Southern Sung Dynasty or the Yuan Dynasty; it was intorduced into Japan during the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
- しかし、現在の専門家が考証する場合であっても、平安時代の衣服を復元する試みにおいては、推定により作っている部分が多い。
- However, when costumes in the Heian period are restored, it is mostly done by presumption even though present experts study historical evidences.
- 韓国政府の推定によれば、黄砂の諸影響による同国での経済損失は、年間およそ3兆 - 5兆大韓民国ウォンにも達するという。
- According to an estimate by the South Korean government, the yearly economic loss due to kosa amounts to three to five trillion won.
- 遺構の検出状況と現状の地形から、中門・塔・金堂・講堂などが一直線上に並ぶ四天王寺と同様の伽藍配置であったと推定される。
- From what was found about the remains and the land shape of the site, this temple probably had a similar arrangement of buildings to that of Shitenno-ji Temple which has Chumon, a tower, Kondo (a main hall), and Kodo Hall (a lecture hall) arranged in a straight line.
- 再生債務者についての外国倒産処理手続がある場合には、当該再生債務者に再生手続開始の原因となる事実があるものと推定する。
- Where foreign insolvency proceedings are enforced against the rehabilitation debtor, a fact constituting the grounds for the commencement of rehabilitation proceedings shall be presumed to exist with regard to the rehabilitation debtor.
- また『戦国三好一族』によると内藤ジョアンは松永長頼の「実子又は養嗣子と推定されている」と養嗣子の可能性も示唆している。
- On the other hand, 'Sengoku Miyoshi Ichizoku' states that 'Joan NAITO is assumed to be the birth child or the adopted child of Nagayori MATSUNAGA,' indicating the possibility that he may have been adopted.
- 6世紀後半に築造されたと推定されており、研究者の間においては欽明天皇と蘇我堅塩媛の陵墓であるとの説が有力視されている。
- It is presumed to have been constructed in the latter half of the sixth century, and the theory that it is the mausoleum of Kimmei Emperor and Soga no kitashihime is widely accepted among scholars.
- 初代の食堂は空海没後の9世紀末から10世紀初め頃ににかけて完成したと推定されるが、文禄5年(1596年)の地震で倒壊。
- It is thought that the original dining hall was completed sometime after Kukai's death, around the end of the 9th or early 10th century, but was destroyed in an earthquake in 1596.
- 平成17年度の1日あたりの乗車人員は阪急電鉄が約21,246人、京福電気鉄道が約1,208人(京都府統計書より推定)。
- The number of passengers per day in fiscal year 2005 was approximately 21,246 at Saiin Station, operated by the Hankyu Railway; and about 1,208 at Sai Station, operated by the Keifuku Electric Railroad Co., Ltd. (as estimated from the Kyoto Prefecture Statistics Report).
- 史料上には永禄7から8年頃と推定される「山名豊儀書状写」に山名豊儀の被官・「中村大炊助」として登場するのが初見である。
- He first appeared in the historical document, 'Yamana Toyoyoshi no Shojo Utsushi' which is thought to have been written in about 1564 to 1565, as a hikan (low-level bureaucrat) of Toyoyoshi YAMANA 'Nakamura Oinosuke.'
- 現存する阿弥陀如来像および二十五菩薩像(国の重要文化財)は俊綱の没年である寛治8年(1094年)頃の制作と推定される。
- The surviving statue of Amida Nyorai and 25 statues of bodhisattvas (nationally designated Important Cultural Properties) are estimated to have been created around the time of Toshitsuna's death in 1094.
- 市教委は、この場所より南側ではほとんど遺構が発見されていないことなどを根拠として、この遺構を条坊の南端と推定している。
- The City Board of Education supposes that these remains are the southern border of jobo based on the facts including that few remains have been found south of this location.
- ただし、これらの法令は朝鮮・台湾・関東州・南洋群島・樺太について規定しており、これらが外地に相当するものと推定される。
- However, these laws stipulated matters in Korea, Taiwan, the Kwantung Leased Territory, the South Sea Islands and Sakhalin and so it was presumed that these regions fell under Gaichi.
- そして、この13棟は半環状に配置されていることから、早期初頭には、既に相当な規模の定住集落を形成していたと推定される。
- Since these 13 dwellings were arranged in a semi-circle, it is assumed that the sedentary settlement of a considerable scale was established by the beginning of the earlier period.
- これには儀礼折り紙と遊戯折り紙の両方が含まれているが、遊戯折り紙については、19世紀前半に折られたものと推定されている。
- These models contain both the girei origami and the yugi origami, but the yugi origami was estimated to have been folded in the early 19th century.
- また別の推定では、1990年代の黄砂に伴う経済損失は年間15億元(Yang および Lu, 2001年)だとされている。
- According to another estimate, the yearly damage due to kosa was 1.5 billion yuan in 1980s (according to Yang and Lu, in 2001).
- この地震は天正地震、白川地震とも呼ばれ、震源地は現在の岐阜県北西部、マグニチュードは7.9 - 8.1と推定されている。
- This earthquake is also called the Tensyo-jishin (Tensho earthquake) or Shirakawa Earthquake, and the epicenter of seismic activity was in what is now the Northwestern part of Gifu Prefecture, also the magnitude is estimated to have been 7.9 – 8.1 on the Richter scale.
- 玄室内から大量に出土した土師器、須恵器から古墳時代後期、6世紀第4四半期(576~600)の円墳であると推定されている。
- It is estimated that the tumulus is a round barrow from the late Kofun period (tumulus period), between A.D. 576 and A.D. 600, as numerous Haji pottery and Sue pottery were excavated from the burial chamber.
- このような状況下にあって、中世には、平地の方形居館と推定される「中野城」あるいは「中城」が恒富・出北地区に存在していた。
- This was the situation at the time, and in the Middle Ages the 'Nakano-jo Castle' or 'Naka no shiro Castle,' presumed to be a square residence on the plain, existed in the Tsunetomi and Idekita areas.
- それほど高所に位置するわけではないが、湧水が7合目付近でも得られることから、戦略上の価値はきわめて高かったと推定される。
- Although not being located in such a high place, the Honmaru is supposed to have had a high military value because spring water was available even at the height of 7 go-me (70% of the height of the mountain)
- 寺には仏像、梵鐘、石灯籠など、いずれも奈良時代前期(7世紀後半)にさかのぼる遺物があり、寺の草創はこのころと推定される。
- There are ruins that go back to the early part of the Nara period - the latter part of the seventh century) such as Buddha statue, bonsho (large temple bell) and stone lantern, so that the foundation of the temple can be guessed around this time.
- (生命がある、あるいは生命がないに関わらず)それ自身の明確な存在を持つと感知される、知られている、あるいは推定される何か
- that which is perceived or known or inferred to have its own distinct existence (living or nonliving)
- 身体の一つ以上の器官における小さな結節の出現によって特徴づけられる急性結核(推定上、血流に広がっている結核菌から生じる)
- acute tuberculosis characterized by the appearance of tiny tubercles on one or more organs of the body (presumably resulting from tubercle bacilli being spread in the bloodstream)
- 御仕置裁許帳(おしおきさいきょちょう)とは、宝永年間に江戸町奉行所の役人によって作成されたと推定されている判例集のこと。
- Oshioki Saikyo-cho was a compilation of legal reports thought to be created by Edo machi-bugyo in Hoei era (1704 to 1710).
- 郡山記の執筆年代と推定される時期には、伴存は50歳代に達そうとしており、しかも郡山記のみに専念していたわけでもなかった。
- At the time of writing Gunzanki, Tomoari was almost 50 years old and was not just working on Gunzanki alone.
- ベースとなる原史料の種類・著者を推定することの最も困難な時期が、ちょうど源平合戦の時代1180年から1184年頃である。
- The most difficult time to make an assumption about the kind of source material and its author is between 1180 and 1184, around the time of the Genpei War.
- 当主在任中の詳しい経緯はほとんどわかっていないが、永享の乱の際に篠川御所足利満直に従った際の当主は盛久と推定されている。
- Although the details while he was the family head is hardly known, it is supposed that it was Morihisa who took sides with Mitsunao ASHIKAGA of Sasagawa palace at the Eikyo War as the family head.
- 和乙継の牧野墓は奈良県広陵町にあるバクヤ塚が推定されているが、これは馬見古墳群に属する「古墳」であって築造年代が異なる。
- The Makino grave of YAMATO no Ototsugu is assumed to be the Bakuya-zuka burial mound in Koryo-cho, Nara Prefecture, but this is a kofun (tumulus) of the Umami burial mounds, which were all constructed in different periods.
- しかし近年では篠塚城(現在の佐倉市)が根拠地であるとする説が有力であり、なお同城を拠点して自胤と争ったと推定されている。
- In recent years, however, people find more convincing the story that his base was Shinozuka-jo Castle (present-day in Sakura City), and it is believed that Noritane set this castle as his strategic point and fought against Yoritane.
- さらに、天文2年の文書に藤原(長井)規秀の名が見え始めることから、道三が父から家督を相続したのはこの頃と推定されている。
- Moreover, because the name Norihide FUJIWARA (NAGAI) begins to appear from the documents of 1533, it is considered that Dosan succeeded his father around this time.
- 堀七郎兵衛は堀直政の兄堀利宗(或いは道利)と推定され、利宗は、最初足利義輝に仕え、義輝の死後、織田信長に仕えていた人物。
- Shichirobe is believed to have been an older brother of Naomasa HORI, Toshimune HORI (or Michitoshi), Toshimune originally served Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA and after Yoshiteru's death, served Nobunaga ODA..
- この結果から、比較的浅いスルガ海山の山頂付近ではなく、もう少し深い中層を遊泳しながら産卵をしている可能性が推定されている。
- From these results, it is inferred that they possibly spawn while swimming in the slightly deeper, mid-zone instead of the relatively shallow area near the peak of the Suruga Bank.
- 先に述べた若狭と同様にこのような小国の成立は、小島が点在した地理的条件とともに、政治・宗教的な特殊事情あったと推定される。
- Like Wakasa Province in the previous description, establishment of these small provinces seemed to have political and religious circumstances with geographical conditions where small islands were scattered.
- また、山背国太秦は秦河勝が建立した広隆寺があり、この地の古墳は6世紀頃のものであり、年代はさほど遡らないことが推定される。
- In addition, Koryu-ji Temple, built by HATA no Kawakatsu, was located in the Uzumasa in Yamashiro Province, and burial mounds on this site do not date back further than to about the sixth century.
- 石室正面を構成する花崗岩の巨石は重量が100トンを越えると推定されており、石舞台古墳の75トンの石をもしのぐ大きさである。
- The granite megalith configurating the front of the stone chamber is presumed to weigh more than 100 tons, larger than the 75-ton stone in the Ishibutai Kofun.
- さらに出土した土器の編年から、この伽藍の建立は持統天皇の末年から文武天皇の初年頃(7世紀最末期)であったことが推定された。
- In addition, the chronology of excavated earthware suggested that the temple's buildings were constructed from the final years of the Emperor Jito's reign and the early years of Emperor Monmu (the very end of the 7th century).
- 以降寺社に対する朱印状が多く見られることから、北条氏家中では幕府での経験を生かして官僚的な仕事をしていたものと推定される。
- Since many Shuinjo (shogunate license to trade) issued with his seal mark can be found, it is probable that he, as a retainer of the Hojo clan, was undertaking bureaucratic work, by making use of his experience during the service at bakufu.
- 義明上人、阿知山大夫重頼の2人の人物については、詳しいことはわかっていないが、重頼は地元の小豪族であろうと推定されている。
- Few details are known about Gomyo Shonin and Achiyama Tayu Shigemori but it is assumed that Shigemori was from a local powerful family.
- さらに平文の統計的な特徴がわかっていれば、そのキーを16ビットの暗号文から推定するのも、ほとんど同じくらいしかかからない。
- Moreover, it would determine the key from a 16-byte sample of ciphertext in almost the same amount of time, if the statistical characteristics of the plaintext were known or guessable.
- 以上の点でも、新制度下の勲章は旧制度下の勲章と異なり、わずかながらでも勲等としての意味合いを含有していることが推定される。
- From the above-mentioned fact, it is inferred that, unlike the decoration bestowed in the old institution, the decoration bestowed in the new institution contains a meaning of the medals for merit, if slightly.
- 嘉永元年(1848年)から安政元年(1854年)にかけて画室を設けているが、このころ富岡鉄斎に絵を教えたと推定されている。
- Since he had own atelier during a period from 1848 to 1854, it has been concluded that he taught paintings to Tessai TOMIOKA around that time.
- 生年は不詳であるが、兄弟の年齢や後述の藤原斉信のエピソードから安和元年(968年)もしくは同2年(969年)と推定される。
- His birth year was uncertain but is estimated that he was born in 968 or 969 by comparing the age of his siblings and the incident with FUJIWARA no Tadanobu.
- 2000年代前半から中盤における缶コーヒーの市場規模は推定約3億5000万ケースと横ばい~微減状態で停滞気味に推移している。
- The market size for canned coffee from the beginning to the mid 2000s hovered around an estimated 350 million cases, leveling off or slightly decreasing.
- たしかに日本酒度はそれを推定するのに便利な目安ではあるが、厳密にはそれをもっと正確にあらわすのは甘辛度(あまからど)である。
- Certainly, nihonshudo is a convenient guide for estimating, but, to be precise, it is shown more exactly by amakarado (literally, degree of sweetness/dryness).
- これは、六角定頼時代に家臣団、国人衆を観音寺城へ居住させ、文献上では初めて「城割」を実施したためではないかと推定されている。
- This is probably because Sadayori ROKKAKU implemented Shirowari (breaking castles), and made his liegemen and Kokujin-shu live in Kannonji-jo Castle, for the first time in literature.
- 西限の西京極大路の推定地は西日本旅客鉄道山陰本線花園駅 (京都府)や阪急電鉄阪急京都本線西京極駅を南北に結んだラインである。
- The assumed location for the western border, Nishikyogoku-oji Avenue draws a line north-south between the following two stations - Hanazono Station of the JR West Sanin main line (Kyoto pref.) and Nishi-Kyogoku Station of the Hankyu Kyoto main line.
- 本像の張りのある面相は、奈良・興福寺の「仏頭」の作風に通ずるものがあり、當麻寺草創期の天武朝(7世紀末)の造像と推定される。
- The firm face of this statue is similar to the style of the 'Buddha head' in the Kofuku-ji Temple in Nara and guessed to be produced in the Tenmu era (the end of the seventh century) during the first stage of the Taima-dera Temple.
- この鉾については僧兵の使用する撮棒などとの関連も指摘されており、いずれも穢れに対する呪術的な意味を持つものと推定されている。
- The pike is thought to have some relation to a saibo (wooden stick as a weapon) used by the sohei (warrior monk), and both are assumed to have a magical meaning against impurity.
- 本書の成立は、実際には大同 (日本)年間(806年~810年)以後、延喜書紀講筵(904年~906年)以前と推定されている。
- The document was assumed to be written after the Daido period (806-810) and before the Engi Shoki Koen (lecture on the 'Chronicles of Japan' in the Engi Era) (904-906).
- この植木屋の記録により1720~1735年ごろ、駒込の西福寺に墓の残る当地の伊藤伊兵衛政武が人工交配・育成したとの推定もある。
- Based on the gardener's record, there is an assumption that sometime in the period from 1720 from 1735, ITO Ihei Masatake, who had lived in Komagome and whose tomb is at Saifuku-ji Temple, artificially bred and grew Someiyoshino.
- 前受託者が前条第一項の規定による信託財産管理者の選任の裁判があった日にした法律行為は、当該裁判があった後にしたものと推定する。
- Any juridical act conducted by the former trustee on the day on which the judicial decision on the appointment of a trust property administrator is made under the provision of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article shall be presumed to have been conducted after said judicial decision was made.
- しかし、最近、年輪年代学や放射性炭素年代測定による年代推定を反映して、古墳時代の開始年代を従来より早める説が有力となっている。
- Recently, however, the view advancing the beginning date of the Kofun period has become influential, reflecting the age estimate using dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating.
- 昭和56年から始まった発掘調査によって、この2石は当初の位置にあるものの、その他の石は後代の手が加わっていると推定されている。
- According to the excavation survey that began in 1981, it is now presumed that, although these two stones are in their original locations, all of the other stones were later placed intentionally.
- また頼親は当初、父満仲から相続したと推定される摂津国豊島郡 (摂津国)の所領を地盤としており、同国における拠点の確立に努めた。
- Also, Yorichika's first home base was the shoryo (territory) in Toshima-gun, Settsu Province that is assumed to have been succeeded from his father Mitsunaka and he also worked on establishing other bases in the same province.
- 米良氏が発行した旗本札には、文久2年(1862年)頃発行と推定される五百文、百文、四十八文の額面の御勝手座発行の銭預札がある。
- The Hatamoto-satsu issued by the Mera clan included 500-mon, 100-mon or 48-mon Zeni-azukari-satsu (銭預札; paper money equivalent to zeni copper coins) issued by Okatte-za (御勝手座; an organization to undertake the paper money) in around 1862.
- 法隆寺建立から約150年後に創建された鑑真ゆかりの寺唐招提寺(759年創建)の金堂は、鑑真の没後、8世紀末頃の建築と推定される。
- The Kondo in Toshodai-ji Temple (founded in 759) founded by Jianzhen about 150 years after the construction of Horyu-ji Temple, is estimated to be built around the end of the 8th century after Jianzhen's death.
- 銅鐸は後世の釣鐘を扁平に圧しつぶしたような器形で、その祖形は朝鮮半島にあったと推定されるが、日本で独自に発達をとげた銅器である。
- The bronze bell is in the shape of a flattened-out-temple-bell (temple bell itself appeared later in Japan), and the bronze bell is supposed to have had its prototype in the Korean Peninsula, but it developed uniquely in Japan.
- これが「日本三景」という言葉の文献的な初出とされ、貝原が訪れる以前から「日本三景」が一般に知られた括りであったと推定されている。
- This is deemed as the first appearance of the words 'Nihon Sankei' in literature and it is inferred that 'Nihon Sankei' was well-known grouping even before Kaibara's visit.
- 中国山地の三次で発生したと推定され、出雲地域で発達した四隅突出型の墳丘墓(大きなものは約45メートル×約35メートル)が現れる。
- Funkyubo in Sanin is presumed to have emerged in Miyoshi in Chugoku Sanchi (Chugoku Range) and yosumi tosshutsugata funkyubo (square grave mounds with four corners protruding outward) (approximately 45 m x 35 m in large size), appeared in the Izumo region.
- 上総国の江戸時代初期の石高から鎌倉時代初期の石高を概算しても、『源平闘諍録』の1千騎(約3千名)ぐらいが実状に近いと推定される。
- It is conjectured that the closest number to reality would be 1,000 warriors on horseback (about 3,000 people) as depicted in 'Genpei Tojo-roku,' roughly estimated from the crop of rice yielded in the Kazusa Province from the early Edo period to the early Kamakura period.
- 作者像として、当時の識字率から庶民は考えられず上流階級に属しており、貴族の情報が入手できる平安京近隣に居住していたと推定される。
- Considering the literacy rate in those days, a common man could not be a possible author, therefore it is conjectured that the author would have been somebody who belonged to the upper class and lived near the Heiankyo (the Heian Palace), easily accessing information of the court nobles.
- 書紀はこれに続けて百済の男女400余人が近江国神前郡(後の神崎郡 (滋賀県))に住まわされたと記すので、集斯も同じと推定できる。
- Following this, as it says that about four hundred men and women from Baekje were immigrated to Kamusaki no gori District, Omi Province (latter-day Kanzaki District [Shiga Prefecture]), it is possible that Shushi were there, too.
- 『日本三代実録』には16年後の881年、唐の留学僧からの報告で親王は羅越国(マレー半島の南端と推定されている)で死亡したと伝える。
- According to the 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' (Veritable Records of Three Reigns of Japan), a report was received from monks based overseas in Tang saying that the Imperial Prince had died in a country called Raetsu (presumed to be located on the southern edge of the Malay peninsula) sixteen years later in 881.
- ドイツのゲルマン国立博物館およびザクセンフォークアート美術館に、19世紀前半に折られたものと推定されている作品群が所蔵されている。
- Germanisches National Museum and Saxon Folk Art Museum in Germany possess origami models which are estimated to have been folded in the early 19th century.
- 西暦2~3世紀にインドの龍樹が般若経典の注釈書である『大智度論』を著したとされ、般若心経もこの頃に成立したものと推定する説がある。
- It is said that Ryuju in India wrote 'Daichidoron,' a commentary on the Prajnaparamita-sutras during the second to third centuries, and there is a theory assuming that Hannya Shingo was established around this time.
- 婚姻の成立の日から二百日を経過した後又は婚姻の解消若しくは取消しの日から三百日以内に生まれた子は、婚姻中に懐胎したものと推定する。
- A child born after 200 days from the formation of marriage or within 300 days of the day of the dissolution or rescission of marriage shall be presumed to have been conceived during marriage.
- 第八十条第一項第二号又は第三号の取引によって特定目的会社に損害が生じたときは、次に掲げる取締役は、その任務を怠ったものと推定する。
- If a Specific Purpose Company incurs damages as a result of a transaction set forth in Article 80(1)(ii) or (iii), the following directors shall be the ones assumed to have neglected their duties:
- 山田寺の伽藍配置は中門・塔(五重塔と推定)・金堂・講堂を伽藍の中軸線上に南から北へ一直線に並べるもので、四天王寺式伽藍配置と似る。
- The temple layout of Yamada-dera Temple shows that the inner gate, the tower (assumed to be a five-storied pagoda), the kondo, and the lecture hall all lie straight on a central line from south to north, which is similar to the Shitenno-ji-style temple layout.
- 兵庫県・朝光寺本尊である2躯の千手観音菩薩立像のうち1躯は三十三間堂の観音像と様式が一致し、当堂から移されたものと推定されている。
- One of the two standing statues of Senju-Kannon that serve as the principle objects of veneration at Hyogo Prefecture's Choko-ji Temple is in the style of those of Sanjusangen-do Temple and it is assumed to have been relocated from the hall.
- 定朝様の温和な作風の像で平安時代後期の作風を示し、祇園社が延久2年(1070年)の火災で焼失した直後に造立されたものと推定される。
- This gentle Jocho style statue exhibits a latter Heian period style and is assumed to be the piece that was produced directly after Gion-sha Shrine was destroyed by fire in 1070.
- 水質−大腸菌群,耐高温性大腸菌群及び推定大腸菌 (Escherichia coli) の検出・計数−第2部:最確数 (MPN) 法
- Water quality−Detection and enumeration of coliform organisms, thermotolerant coliform organisms and presumptive Escherichia coli−Part 2 : Multiple tube (most probable number) method
- 平安遷都以来室町時代まで京都は時期によって変動はあるものの、多い時で約20万人、少ない時で約4万人の間で推移したと推定されている。
- Since the transfer of national capital to Kyoto (Heian-kyo) until the Muromachi period, the population in Kyoto is estimated to have ranged between a maximum of 200,000 and a minimum of 40,000, with sporadic fluctuations.
- この「朝鮮風観音」という名称については、確証はないが、当時奈良地方の文化財を調査していた岡倉天心の発案によるものかと推定されている。
- Although it is not certain, it is assumed that the name of this 'Korean-style Kannon' was invented by Tenshin OKAKURA, who was researching cultural properties in the Nara area at the time.
- 『忽恵帖』(3通目)は、この年(推定)9月5日付の空海の返書だが、その内容から最澄が『仁王経』などの借用を願い出ていることがわかる。
- Kotsukeijo (the third letter), a reply letter from Kukai dated September 5 of the same year, exhibits that Saicho had asked to lend him scriptures such as 'Ninnogyo' (the Sutra of Benevolent Kings).
- 書面の提出により行われた移動報告について前項の規定によりファイルに記録された事項は、当該書面に記載された事項と同一であると推定する。
- Matters recorded in the File pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph regarding the Report on Movements submitted in writing are assumed to coincide with the matters recorded in the written document.
- 十一面観音像(像高53.8cm)は、千手観音像より古い10世紀ないし11世紀の作と推定され、こちらが当初の本尊であった可能性もある。
- It is estimated that Juichimen Kannon-zo (statue height: 53.8 cm) was created earlier than Senju Kannon zo during the 10th or 11th century, and there is a possibility that this was the original honzon.
- 1993年、ロシア皇帝のものと推定される骨の鑑定に使うため、このときにニコライの手当てをした布から彼のデオキシリボ核酸が採取された。
- In 1993, the Russian government was attempting to verify whether alleged bone fragments really belonged to Tsar Nicholas II, and they ordered the Japanese government to take deoxyribonucleic acid from clothes which used for Nicholas's medical treatment as a sample.
- その後、本願寺と姻戚関係にあった興福寺大乗院経覚(母方が大谷家(本願寺)の出とされ、父・存如の従兄弟と推定されている)について修学。
- Later, he studied at Daijo-in Hall within Kofuku-ji Temple under Keikaku, who was related to Hongan-ji Temple through marriage (the mother is considered to be from the Otani family (Hongan-ji Temple), and Keikaku is presumed to be a cousin of the father, Zonnyo).
- 無名又は変名の著作物の複製物にその実名又は周知の変名が発行者名として通常の方法により表示されている者は、その著作物の発行者と推定する。
- A person whose true name or widely known pseudonym is indicated as the name of the publisher in a customary manner on reproductions of an anonymous or pseudonymous work shall be presumed to be the publisher of said work.
- 当地は現・新薬師寺の西約150メートルに位置し、上述の「東大寺山堺四至図」にある新薬師寺の七仏薬師堂に相当する建物跡と推定されている。
- The site is situated about 150 meters west of the present Shinyakushi-ji Temple, and is estimated to be the structural remnants corresponding to the Yakushi-do Hall of Seven Buddhas of Healing written in the above mentioned 'Todaiji Sankai Shii-zu'.
- また、境内から出土した古瓦のうち、単純な幾何学文の瓦(重圏文軒丸瓦と重弧文軒平瓦の組み合わせ)は、新田部親王邸のものと推定されている。
- In addition, among the old tiles unearthed from the precinct, tiles of simple geometric design (a combination of hollow semicircular tiles of Jukenmon (concentric circle design) and plain rectangular tiles of Jukomon) are assumed to have been used in the mansion of Imperial Prince Niitabe.
- 1238年3月21日(嘉禎4年2月27日 (旧暦))- 泰綱、下野守に任ぜられる(官位は従五位下または従五位上であったと推定される)。
- On March 21, 1238, Yasutsuna was appointed to the governor of Shimotsuke Province (The official rank was presumed to be Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade or Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade).
- 文書の記録や発掘調査、および近江からの山中越と深坂越が一つになった後に設置されたとの推定から、近年の研究では敦賀市疋田が有力とされる。
- Based on written records, excavation and research, and presumption that it was founded after Yamanakagoe (a local road) from Omi and Fukasakagoe (a mountain path separating Fukui Prefecture and Shiga Prefecture) were united, recent study shows that Hikida, Tsuruga City is the most likely location.
- 寂超作と推定されている『今鏡』では人間味溢れる教養人として好意的に描かれており、大臣になれずに出家してしまった事を非常に惜しんでいる。
- In 'Imakagami' (literally, The Mirror of the Present) supposedly written by Jakucho, Narimichi is described favorably as a cultured person, full of kindness and it was extremely regretful that he failed to become a minister and entered the priesthood.
- 片膝を立て、両手で蓮台(亡者を迎え取るためのもの)を捧げる観音像で、もとは単独像でなく阿弥陀三尊像の脇侍として作られたものと推定される。
- It is a Kannon-zo (statue of the Kannon) that raises its knee and offers a lotus pedestal (to receive restless spirits) in its hands, and it's believed that it wasn't a single statue but made as a kyoji (attendant figure) of Amida Sanzon-zo (the image [figure, statue] of the Amida Triad).
- 別の推定によれば、黄砂による医療・福祉分野の被害額や黄砂への対策費用は、年間3,640億ウォン(Kang, 2004年)だとされている。
- According to another estimate, the total of the amount of damage due to kosa in the medical and welfare areas and of the cost needed for the measures taken against kosa is 364 billion won yearly (according to Kang, 2004).
- また、黄砂の観測やモデルによる黄砂飛散の推定結果などから、東南アジアで発生した煤や一酸化炭素が日本に飛来してきていることも分かっている。
- Furthermore, from measurements of kosa and estimates based on a kosa-scattering model, it has also been known that soot and carbon monoxide generated in eastern Asia have flown to Japan as well.
- 寛平元年(889年)に皇族5名が平朝臣を賜姓されたとの記録(個々の名前は伝わらない)があるので、高望王はそのうちの一人と推定されている。
- Based on a record stating that the surname of 'Taira no Ason' was conferred on five imperial princes (of unknown names) in 889, it is assumed that Prince Takamochi was one of them.
- なお、住居跡から沢をはさんだ東側からは径270cm×160cmの楕円形状の土坑が見つかっており、墓(土坑墓)ではないかと推定されている。
- On the east side of the dwelling site across a swamp, a 279cm by 160cm elliptic doko (hole on the earth) was found, and it is presumed that the hole was a grave (doko grave).
- 中国の正史『旧唐書』、『新唐書』の中で7世紀末に国号が「倭」から「日本」に国号が変わっているので、この時期に王朝が交代したと推定される。
- According to 'Jiu Tang Shu' (Old Tang History) and 'Shin To-jo' (New Book of Tang), the official history of China, the name of the country changed from `Wa' to `Japan' in the end of seventh century, from which it is assumed that there was a dynasty change during this period.
- このうち、伴存自筆と推定されるのは、伴存門弟の堀田龍之介の所蔵していた『和州吉野郡群山記』1本のみで、他の写本は自筆稿からの異本である。
- Within these, the one estimated to be written by Tomoari is 'Washu Yoshinogun Gunzanki' held by his disciple Ryunosuke HOTTA and other manuscripts were alternative versions copied from the original book.
- 結果、約500万両(新井白石による推定)もしくは580万両(荻原重秀による推計)の出目(改鋳による差益)を生じ一時的に幕府財政を潤した。
- As a result, a profit margin of about 5,000,000 ryo (a unit of gold currency) (Hakuseki ARAI's estimation) or 5,800,000 ryo (Shigehide OGIWARA's estimation) was produced and temporarily enriched the government.
- 時期などを不明な点が多いが、恵信尼は越後三善氏の娘であるため、親鸞が越後配流になった際に身の回りの世話をするために結婚したと推定される。
- While much of their marriage including the timing is unknown, it is presumed from the fact that she was a woman belonging to the Miyoshi clan in Echigo, that Eshinni married Shinran in order to take care of his daily life after he was banished to Echigo.
- これら2つの経の教えを統合し、両界曼荼羅という形にまとめたのは、空海の師である唐僧・恵果(746年 - 805年)であると推定されている。
- It is presumed that Eka (746 - 805), a monk in the Tang dynasty period and who was Kukai's mentor, integrated the teachings of two scriptures into Ryokai-mandala.
- 債務者についての外国で開始された手続で破産手続に相当するものがある場合には、当該債務者に破産手続開始の原因となる事実があるものと推定する。
- Where proceedings equivalent to bankruptcy proceedings are commenced against a debtor in a foreign state, a fact constituting the grounds for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings shall be presumed to exist with regard to the debtor.
- 第一項各号の規定の適用については、支払の停止(破産手続開始の申立て前一年以内のものに限る。)があった後は、支払不能であったものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provisions of the items of paragraph (1), after suspension of payments took place (limited to suspension that took place within one year prior to the filing of a petition for commencement of bankruptcy proceedings), the bankrupt shall be presumed to have been unable to pay debts.
- 中金堂は藤原鎌足発願の釈迦三尊像を安置するための、寺の中心的な堂として和銅3年(710年)の平城京遷都直後に造営が始められたと推定される。
- It is believed that the erection of Chukon-do Hall began right after the transfer of the capital to Heijo in 710, it being a central building of the temple which enshrined the Shaka Sanzon statues at the wish of Fujiwara no Kamatari.
- 釈日本紀(しゃくにほんぎ)は、鎌倉時代末期の1274年(文永11年)~1301年(正安3年)頃に成立したと推定される『日本書紀』の注釈書。
- 'Shaku Nihongi' is an annoted text of 'Nihon Shoki' (Chronicles of Japan) which is assumed to have been compiled at the end of Kamakura period, probably between 1274 and 1301.
- 平安時代には神祇官に「御巫(みかんなぎ)」や天鈿女命の子孫とされた猨女君(『貞観儀式』)の官職が置かれ、神楽を舞っていたと推定されている。
- According to 'Jogangishiki,' the offices of 'mikannagi' and 'Sarumeno kimi,' as undertaken by the descendants of Amenouzume, were set up under jingikan in the Heian period, and presumably the kagura (a Shinto dance and music dedicated to the gods) was performed there.
- 1993年の推測での控えめな推定という方針を踏襲して、探索チップの速度は、もとの50MHzから75MHzまでしかあがらないと想定している。
- In keeping with the conservative approach to estimates in the 1993 paper, we assume here that the updated key search chip's clock speed would increase to only 75 MHz from the original 50 MHz,
- とはいえ、これまた当時没落豪族だったと推定される藤原不比等に嫁いだという状況から、彼女の周囲にも厳しい背景があったことが容易に推測できる。
- It is not hard to learn that she was given a harsh background that she had to marry FUJIWARA no Fuhito who was assumably a ruined Gozoku (local ruling family).
- 法華経の成立は、釈尊滅後からほぼ500年以上のちのこととされ、現在の仏教学では主にBC50年からBC150年の間に成立したと推定されている。
- The Hokke-kyo sutra is considered to have been established more than 500 years after Shakuson's demise, and it is generally estimated as dating from 50 B.C. to 150 B.C. in the present study of Buddhism.
- はざみ山古墳は前方部が東を向き、5世紀中葉の造営年代が推定されるのに対し、野中宮山古墳は前方部が西を向き、5世紀前葉に造られたと考えられる。
- The Hazamiyama tumulus, whose front part faces the east, is considered having been constructed in the middle era of the fifth century, while the Nonaka Miyayama tumulus, whose front part faces the west, is considered having been built in the first half of the fifth century.
- これについて佐藤進一は、前段の荘園公領回復令が本宣旨の主文であり、後段の頼朝への東国行政権委任令が付則の形態をとったであろうと推定している。
- Shinichi SATO assumes that the first part that is the order for the restoration of shoen and koryo is the main part of this decree, and the latter part that is the delegation of the authority on the Togoku region to Yoritomo is the additional clause.
- その隣の南側曲輪、大手筋脇には石垣と盛土があり建物跡が推定され、「丹波国ではもっとも優れている水の手曲輪」と『中世城郭辞典』は指摘している。
- In the adjacent southern compound and beside Otesuji are a stone wall and an earthen mound that are believed to be the remains of a building which 'Chusei Jokaku Jiten' claims was 'the most excellent mizu-no-te guruwa in Tanba Province.'
- 石川麻呂の死後も山田寺の造営が続けられた背景には、石川麻呂の孫にあたる持統天皇とその夫の天武天皇の後援があったのではないかと推定されている。
- Even after Ishikawamaro's death, the construction of Yamada-dera Temple continued, and it is presumed that in the backdrop, Empress Jito, who was Ishikawamaro's granddaughter, and her husband Emperor Tenmu sponsored the construction.
- このため、別個に奉行衆の中から「別奉行」として恩賞奉行あるいは御恩奉行などが任命されて恩賞業務を置いたと推定されているが、詳細は不明である。
- It was presumed that Onshobugyo or Goonbugyo (bugyonin who distributes the rewards), was separately appointed as the 'Betsubugyo' (bugyo with a special mission) from among the members of bugyoshu to engage in the work of awarding Onsho, however, the details are not clear.
- 比較データの量的分析に基づく生物学的分類の体系で、(推定される)系統発生と生命体のグループの進化歴との関連をまとめる樹系図の再構築に使われる
- a system of biological taxonomy based on the quantitative analysis of comparative data and used to reconstruct cladograms summarizing the (assumed) phylogenetic relations and evolutionary history of groups of organisms
- それなのに政府からでてくる推定では、メッセージ一つを解読するのにコンピュータ何千台も使って、数週間から数年はかかる、ということになっていた。
- Yet we were hearing estimates of thousands of computers and weeks to years to crack a single message.
- 何月何日にこういうお達しがあったと『吾妻鏡』に書いてあっても、その書類はその日から幕府の役所に保管されたものではない場合が殆どと推定される。
- Even though the dates public notices were sent is written in 'Azuma Kagami,' most of the documents seem not to have been preserved in the government office since that day.
- その文書は豊臣秀吉から送られたもので、宛名は「南部右京亮(なんぶうきょうのすけ)」とあり、これは為信に宛てられたものであると推定されている。
- This document was sent from Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, addressed to 'Nanbu ukyo no suke (Assistant Master of the Western Capital Offices),' and is presumed to have been intended for Tamenobu.
- これらのことから、三浦の平太為次はこの合戦の頃は三浦に、そう大きな所領は持っていない、ないしはそもそも三浦には居なかったことすら推定される。
- For these reasons, it can be guessed that MIURA no Heita Tametsugu did not have a large amount of land in the Miura district around the time of this war or furthermore, that he might not have stayed there.
- なお、現在、名所・旧跡に立てられている案内碑は、そのほとんどが明治維新後に推定で置かれたものであり、必ずしも、実際の所在地と一致はしていない。
- Since the majority of the current information plaques for famous places and historic sites were installed based on assumptions after the Meiji Restoration, they do not necessarily correspond to the actual locations.
- 第一項各号の規定の適用については、支払の停止(再生手続開始の申立て等の前一年以内のものに限る。)があった後は、支払不能であったものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provisions of the items of paragraph (1), after suspension of payments took place (limited to suspension that took place within one year prior to the filing of a petition for commencement of rehabilitation proceedings, etc.), the rehabilitation debtor shall be presumed to have been unable to pay debts.
- 当時、荘の中心を扼する坂戸山に城郭が築かれていたものとも推定されるが、本格的な造営は南北朝時代 (日本)にはいって以降のことと考えられている。
- Although it is supposed that a castle had already been built on Sakato-yama Mountain at this time, placed at the center of the manor, it is considered that it was in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) or later that the castle was constructed on a large scale.
- 金堂は東寺の中心堂宇で、諸堂塔のうちもっとも早く建設が始められ、東寺が空海に下賜された弘仁14年(823年)までには完成していたと推定される。
- Kondo is To-ji's central building, the construction of which started before the other buildings, and is thought to have been completed before To-ji was granted to Kukai in 823.
- 笠置山はこうした巨石信仰、山岳信仰が仏教思想と結び付き、山中の巨岩に仏像が刻まれ、次第に仏教寺院としての形を整えていったものと推定されている。
- It is hypothesized that mountain worship and megalithic religion became syncretized with Buddhist concepts at Mt. Kasagi, followed by the carving of the Buddhist image in the large rock and the gradual formation of a Buddhist temple.
- 笠置山は、標高は300メートルに満たないが、山中の至るところに花崗岩の巨岩が露出し、古くから山岳信仰、巨石信仰の霊地であったと推定されている。
- Mt. Kasagi stands at less than 300 m but enormous granite rocks are exposed throughout the mountain and it is assumed to have been a sacred site of mountain worship and megalithic religion since ancient times.
- 式2は、例えば、抽出効率が10%だけ降下する障壁の高さを計算することによって、可能な最大の障壁の高さを推定するために使用することが可能である。
- Equation 2 can be used to estimate the maximum barrier height possible for example by calculating the barrier height at which the extraction efficiency drops by 10%.
- それに、陽気なパーティー、特に結婚式や洗礼式なんかでも食卓に出されるだろうから、私の推定では、ダブリンにおいて毎年二万人分が利用されるだろう。
- besides others who might have it at merry meetings, particularly at weddings and christenings, I compute that Dublin would take off annually about twenty thousand carcasses;
- 現在、磯城瑞籬宮は奈良県桜井市金屋にあったとものと推定されており、志貴御県坐神社には大正年間に「崇神天皇磯城瑞籬宮跡」の石碑が建てられている。
- It is presently believed that the Shikino Mizukakinomiya was in Kaneya, Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture, and there was a stone monument called 'Remains of Emperor Sujin's Shiki no Mizukakinomiya' at Shikinomiya Gataniimasu Shrine that was purportedly built during the Taisho Era.
- 西行の娘(さいぎょうのむすめ、推定生没年1137年(保延3年) - 1199年(正治元年))とは、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての尼僧。
- Saigyo no musume (estimated year of her birth and death 1137 - 1199) was a Buddhist nun in the end of the Heian period and the early Kamakura period.
- 日野家は代々足利将軍家の外戚であり、そこの養子とされたということより、実の母親もそれ相応の社会的地位を持っていた出自であったと推定されている。
- As the Hino family was 'gaiseki,' maternal relatives for generations of the Ashikaga family positioned to accede to the shogunate, it is assumed that the real mother of Gisho was of a woman of a certain rank because Gisho became an adopted child of the Hino family.
- その場合は、衾田陵は延喜式でいう山辺郡でも推定築造時期が六世紀と考えられている周辺唯一の古墳である西山塚古墳と考えられている(和田 2003)。
- If such case, Fusumada-ryo Mausoleum is considered to be the only tumulus around the area, Nishiyamazuka-kofun Tumulus, which was believed to be constructed in the sixth century in Yamabe County stated in Engishiki (by Wada, 2003).
- しかしこれは当時壁画が存在しなかったということではなく、壁画は金堂の建物と一体のものとして「資財」とはみなされていなかったものと推定されている。
- However, it is thought that this doesn't indicate the nonexistence of the murals at that time, but the murals were not considered as 'assets' because they were identified as integral parts to the buildings of the Kondo.
- この間の1年間に弟の後亀山天皇への譲位が行われたと推定する事が出来、事跡に不明な点が多いとされる同天皇の活動について知る貴重な史料となっている。
- It is presumed that Emperor Chokei abdicated the throne to his younger brother Emperor Gokameyama during the same year, making this knowledge valuable historical material showing the activities of the Emperor with many unclear records.
- こういった調査により、黄砂の粒子は、粘土粒子同士が凝集したり、やや大きい鉱物の粒子に粘土粒子が付着したりしてできたのではないかと推定されている。
- Based on these investigations, it is supposed that particles of kosa are cohered clay particles or comparatively large mineral particles to which clay particles are stuck.
- 後円部の埋葬施設の主体部は、憤丘主軸に平行する木棺を覆った粘土槨があり、長さ推定9.4メートルの及ぶ大規模なもので、主要部分は盗掘を受けていた。
- In the main part of the burial facilities on the rounded rear part of the tumulus, there is an estimated 9.4-meter long, large-scale Nendokaku (clay surrounding wooden coffin), of which the main part had been robbed.
- 取締役が第八十条第一項の規定に違反して同項第一号の取引をしたときは、当該取引によって取締役又は第三者が得た利益の額は、前項の損害の額と推定する。
- If a director has carried out a transaction set forth in Article 80(1)(i) in violation of Article 80(1), the amount of profit obtained by the director or a third party as a result of said transaction shall be extrapolated as the amount of the damages under the preceding paragraph.
- 彼が考えに沈んだ探究から眼を覚ました時、精霊の手の向き具合と自分に対するその位置から推定して、例の見えざる眼は鋭く自分を見詰めているなと思った。
- When he roused himself from his thoughtful quest, he fancied from the turn of the hand, and its situation in reference to himself, that the Unseen Eyes were looking at him keenly.
- 嘉喜門院の后(中宮)への昇格を期待する意であると解釈し、これを根拠としてこの人物を嘉喜門院の父と推定するが、それが誰なのかは未知であると述べる。
- The poem was interpreted as an expectation for Kakimon-in's being raised to the Empress (an Imperial consort), so the history book made a supposition that the person who made the poem was Kakimon-in's father, but it also said that it was not certain who the person was.
- 北浦定政が、自力で平城京の推定地を調査し、水田の畦や道路に街の痕跡が残ることを見つけ、1852年(嘉永5)『平城宮大内裏跡坪割之図』にまとめた。
- When investigating the possible location of Heijo-kyo, Sadamasa KITAURA discovered that ruins of the city remained on the ridges between rice fields and streets, which he recorded in 'Heijo-kyu Daidairi ato tsubowari no zu,' in 1852.
- 当時の為政者や作者(と推定される人物)の心理面やその影響力を考察する点では歴史学上の価値もあるが、作為上の意図も踏まえ厳密に検証する必要がある。
- Although they have historical value from a psychological standpoint, and influence from politicians and authors (or presumed authors), it is necessary to review them while strictly bearing the intent with which they were written, in mind.
- その経歴の信憑性は歴史学において長らく疑問視されてきたが、一部にその存在を推定させる文書や系図類が存在し、それにより実像の解明がなされつつある。
- While the reliability of his career has long been doubted in the historical studies, there are some documents, genealogies and so on which would make us presume that he really existed, and his real image has been clarified by those materials.
- 生年は定かではないが、寛弘二年九月(1005年)に85歳で亡くなったと記録されていることから逆算して延喜二十一年(921年)生まれと推定される。
- The year of his birth is uncertain, but because it has been recorded that he passed away at the age of 85 in 1005, it can be estimated that he was born in 921 by counting backwards.
- 気候との関連については、地球が寒冷期にあるときには乾燥化が進むため黄砂が増加し、温暖期にあるときは湿潤化が進むため黄砂が減少したと推定されている。
- Concerning relationships with weather, it is supposed that, when the earth was in a cold period, the amount of kosa increased because the land became increasingly dry, and in the warm period, the amount decreased because the humidity level of the land increased.
- 黄砂の年間発生量は年間質量の比較で、降下量は日本で1年間に1km2あたり1 - 5トン、北京で1ヵ月間に1km2あたり15t程度と推定されている。
- Concerning the amount of kosa (in weight) produced yearly, it is estimated that 1 to 5 tons per a square kilometer fall in Japan yearly and around 15 tons per a square kilometer in Beijing monthly.
- 支配人が前項の規定に違反して同項第二号に掲げる行為をしたときは、当該行為によって支配人又は第三者が得た利益の額は、会社に生じた損害の額と推定する。
- If a manager commits any act listed in item (ii) of the preceding paragraph in violation of the provisions of that paragraph, the amount of the profit obtained by the manager or any third party as a result of such act shall be presumed to be amount of the damage suffered by the Company.
- 将軍の外出などに守護大名が随従する慣習は足利義満の頃には成立していたが、役職・身分としての相伴衆の成立は足利義教の永享年間であると推定されている。
- The custom of the shugo daimyo following Seii taishogun's lead was established around the era of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, but it is estimated that Shobanshu as a status and position was established during the era of Eikyo of Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
- 奈良時代の文書からもこの調理法があったことが推定されているが、戦国時代_(日本)の永正14年(1517年)の記録に「ヒタシ物」という語句が出現する。
- It is estimated that this cookery existed based on documents in the Nara period and the word 'Hitashimono' also appeared in the records in 1517 in the Sengoku period (period of warring states in Japan).
- 『若狭国』・『志摩国』・『淡路国』と万葉集にみる御食国への推定と、御食国が皇室・朝廷にとって特殊であるという説は、狩野久の研究によるところが大きい。
- 'Wakasa Province,' 'Shima Province,' and 'Awaji Province,' the estimation of Miketsukuni from the descriptions in the Manyoshu, and the theory that Miketsukuni was special for Imperial family and Imperial court, were mostly due to a study by Hisashi KANO.
- 名阪国道の開通や都道府県道・広域農道の整備などにより交通事情が改善したこともあり、1988年には推定観光客10万人以上を見込める観光地となっている。
- The opening of the Meihan Expressway and improved prefectural roads and wide farm roads have contributed to better traffic conditions, Tsukigase has grown to be a tourist destination which expected more than 100,000 tourists in 1988.
- その生涯については謎が多く、父とされる善統親王死去の前年正和5年(1316年)に所領を譲られた「四辻若宮」と同一人物であったと推定できるのみである。
- His life is mostly unknown; it is only assumed that he was the same person as 'Yotsutsuji Wakamiya' (a young Imperial Prince of Yotsutsuji) who was given the territory in 1316, one year before his father, supposedly Imperial Prince Yoshimune, died.
- 債権を遺贈の目的とした場合において、遺言者が弁済を受け、かつ、その受け取った物がなお相続財産中に在るときは、その物を遺贈の目的としたものと推定する。
- In the case where a claim is the object of a testamentary gift, if the testator has received performance for that claim and the received Things are already with the inherited property, those Things shall be presumed to have been an object of the testamentary gift.
- 戦闘は午前5時に始まり午後2時まで続いたと伝えられており、死者は浅井朝倉方で1800人、織田徳川方で800人、負傷者は各方その3倍と推定されている。
- It is said that the battle started at five in the morning and lasted until two in the afternoon, and the estimated death toll was 1,800 on Azai and Asakura sides and 800 on Oda and Tokugawa sides, and the wounded was three times as much on each side.
- これは、かつての寄進地が茨城県北相馬郡近辺であったものから、千葉県南相馬郡側に広がり、推定では、東西7km、南北20kmに及ぶ広大な地域となっている。
- While the land donated in the past was around the Kitasoma-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture, the area was extended toward the Minamisoma-gun, Chiba Prefecture, which was presumed to be a broad region of 7 km in the east and the west and 20 km in the north and the south.
- 数人の者が死亡した場合において、そのうちの一人が他の者の死亡後になお生存していたことが明らかでないときは、これらの者は、同時に死亡したものと推定する。
- In cases more than one person dies, if it is not clear whether one of the deceased survived the other(s), it is presumed that they all died at the same time.
- この絵図には、有馬家の家老である有馬民部の下屋敷が出北あたりに描かれており、大正期以降の工場地開発で消滅したと考えられる「中城」との関連も推定される。
- In this picture, the residence of Minbu ARIMA (有馬民部), the Chief Retainer of the Arima family is drawn in the area of Idekita, and it is presumed that there was some connection with the 'Naka no shiro Castle' thought to have been destroyed by factory developments after the Tasho period.
- また、岡山県立博物館寄託の飯縄権現図は絹本著色で室町期の作と推定されており、日光山輪王寺伝来の「伊須那曼荼羅図」には南北朝~室町期の貞禅の名が見える。
- The color painting on silk of Izuna-gongen deposited by Okayama Prefectural Museum is presumed to have been created in the Muromachi period, and the name Takuzen of the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) to Muromachi is found on Izuna-mandara-zu transmitted at Rinno-ji Temple on Mt. Nikko.
- なお、東福寺には巨大な「仏手」(現存部分の長さ2メートル)が保管されており、旧本尊像の左手部分のみが明治の火災の際に救い出されたものと推定されている。
- Tofuku-ji Temple is in possession of a giant Buddha's hand (the remaining 2 meters) and this is assumed to be the left hand that was saved from the Meiji period fire that destroyed the former statue of the principal image.
- 吉川真司は、この説に不備、不自然な点があることを指摘し、また、福寿寺は金鐘寺に吸収されて合併した可能性から、金堂の推定地について他の候補をあげている。
- Pointing out the discrepancies and unnatural points of this theory, Shinji YOSHIKAWA refers to another potential site of the Kon-do Hall due to a possibility that the Fukuju-ji Temple may have been merged with the Konshu-ji Temple.
- 以上を含め奈良時代の升量については、江戸時代の学者によるものをはじめ各種の説があるが、いずれも律や令の記述と中国の度量衡制度からの推定に過ぎなかった。
- Including this, there exist various theories, thought out by scholars in the Edo and other periods, about how much the volume of 1 sho really was in the Nara period, and all of them were just the speculation, merely based on the depiction seen in the penal and administrative law of the period, and on the Chinese system of weights and measures.
- 加えて、吉野から津風呂川に出るための峠越えでは馬が利用できないために、馬を回り道させたのを、慌しく出立した描写に変えたのではないかと推定する説もある。
- In addition, there is a belief that 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) changed the description of a detour, getting to the Tsuburo-gawa river from Yoshino since horses could not get over a pass at that time.
- しかしながらさらに古い5世紀の稲荷山古墳から発見された金錯銘鉄剣には「獲加多支鹵(わかたける)大王」という21代雄略天皇に推定される名が刻まれている。
- However, an iron sword with gold inscription, which was found from Inariyama-kofun Tumulus made in the fifth century, is older, and it has a possible name of the 21st Emperor Yuryaku, 'wa ka ta ke ru daio' (獲加多支鹵大王, the King Wakatakeru), on it.
- テレビ番組で行われた天海と光秀の書状の筆跡鑑定によると、天海と光秀は別人であるが、類似した文字が幾つかあり、2人は親子のような近親者と推定できるという。
- According to the TV program which showed handwriting analysis of letters written by Tenkai and Mitsuhide, Tenkai was a different person from Mitsuhide, but several similar characters were seen and they were estimated to be close relatives, such as a parent and a child.
- 1406年に帰国した第二次遣明船は6~7隻と記録が残っており、1410に足利義持が中止するまでの初期6回の遣明船の船団規模は同程度であったと推定される。
- As the record exists that the number of ships of the second Kenminsen fleet returned to Japan in 1406 was six to seven, it is presumed that the scale of six Kenminsen fleets which visited Ming until Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA ceased dispatching them in 1410 was within the same range.
- 推定没年:『古事記』には丁未4月9日 (旧暦)(527年5月26日)、『日本書紀』には辛亥2月7日(531年3月10日)または甲寅(534年)とされる。
- Estimated year of death: May 26, 527 in 'Kojiki' and March 10, 531 or 534 in 'Nihonshoki'.
- この洞窟の中には約6万年前と推定されるネアンデルタール人の骨が見つかっており、その周辺にはこの洞窟から見つかるはずの無い花粉が見つかったと報告されている。
- Skeletons of Neanderthals estimated as approximately 60,000 years old were discovered in the cave and it was reported that pollen had been found around the cave, which was impossible.
- 源姓(本姓が源氏)の家系はそれぞれ別の苗字を号しているため、現在「源」を今日的な意味の姓として名乗る例はそれほど多くなく、推定人口は4,000人程である。
- Nowadays, there are not so many people, approximately 4000 according to an estimation, who carry Minamoto as their surname, because the families of the Minamoto clan (whose hereditary title is Minamoto) have their own family names.
- 金銭を目的とする債権を遺贈の目的とした場合においては、相続財産中にその債権額に相当する金銭がないときであっても、その金額を遺贈の目的としたものと推定する。
- In the case where money is the object of a claim which is the object of a testamentary gift, that money shall be presumed to have been an object of the testamentary gift even if there are insufficient funds equivalent to that claim in the inherited property.
- 但し、平安時代の五条通は、現在の松原通であり、当時の「五条の橋」は、現在の松原橋辺りであった、あるいは鴨川には橋がなく西洞院通であったとも推定されている。
- However, Gojo-dori Street during the Heian period has become the present Matsubara-dori Street, and one theory suggests the 'Gojo-no-hashi' bridge of that time used to be near the present Matsubara-bashi Bridge, and another theory proposes that it was Nishinotoin-dori Street as no bridge was over the Kamo-gawa River.
- 第一発行年月日の登録又は第一公表年月日の登録がされている著作物については、これらの登録に係る年月日において最初の発行又は最初の公表があつたものと推定する。
- Works as to which the date of first publication or the date of its first having been made public has been registered shall be presumed to have been first published or first made public on said registered date.
- そのことなどから、日本書紀の670年(天智天皇9年)法隆寺焼失の記事または、643年(皇極天皇2年)蘇我入鹿の襲撃で焼失した法隆寺の創建遺構と推定される。
- Because of this, it is speculation that they are the remains of an ancient structure of Horyu-ji Temple, according to the article of the Horyu-ji Temple's fire destruction in 670 of the Japanese Chronicle of Japan or destruction by fire by the attack of SOGA no Iruka in 643.
- 形式3(1,2) - 1894年英ナスミス・ウィルソン社製・軸配置0-6-0(C)タンク機関車 - 2は1895年(開業前)に台湾総督府鉄道に譲渡と推定。
- Style 3 (nos. 1, 2) - Made by Nasmyth, Wilson & Co., Ltd. in England in 1894, the wheel arrangement 0-6-0 (C) tank locomotive - it is presumed that No. 2 was given to the Taiwan Governor-General Railway in 1895 (before operations began).
- 五味文彦は、この部分は御所奉行の筆録が中心で、1263年(弘長3年)7月5日まで二階堂行方、その後はその御所奉行を引き継いだ中原師連の記録と推定している。
- Fumihiko GOMI conjectures that this part is mainly based on the written records of the commissioner of Shogunate affairs, and the records dated until July 5, 1263 were written by Yukikata NIKAIDO, and the records after that were written by Morotsura NAKAHARA, who succeeded to the commissioner of Shogunate affairs.
- それは8組からなっていたが、どの地域に遣わされたかは定かではないが、第3組は毛野方面に、第5組は東海方面に遣わされたと、後の復命の論功行賞から推定できる。
- Kokushis consisted of eight groups and, even though it is not clear which area each group was sent to, it can be assumed, from the grant of honors to the latter-day reports on their missions, that the third and fifth groups were sent to the Keno area and Tokai area, respectively.
- ただし、昭和時代に正宗敦夫が出版した地下家伝の改訂版によれば嘉永2年(1849年)の景文の記録があるので、少なくとも死去したのはそれよりも後と推定される。
- In the revised edition of the Jigekaden published by Atsuo MASAMUNE during the Showa period, there is some record about Kagefumi in 1849, which implies that he was at least alive at that point.
- 以上の画風・書風の検討、また男性歌人像の装束の胸部や両袖部の張りの強さを強調した描き方などから、佐竹本の制作年代は鎌倉時代中期、13世紀と推定されている。
- Based on the study of painting and handwriting style described above as well as the tenseness in drawing of chest and sleeves of male poets, it is estimated that the Satake version hand scrolls were made in the mid-Kamakura Period in the 13th century.
- しかし、野口実、元木泰雄両名は、『今昔物語集』巻第二十五第十「依頼信言平貞道切人頭語」に出てくる源頼光の郎党、平貞通(道)(碓井貞光)の孫と推定している。
- However, both Minoru NOGUCHI and Yasuo MOTOKI guess that he was a grandchild of TAIRA no Sadamichi (Sadamitsu USUI), a roto of MINAMOTO no Yorimitsu, who appeared in 'A story that Yorinobu asked TAIRA no Sadamichi to kill a person' in the tenth section of volume 25 of 'Konjaku Monogatari Shu.'
- 奈良時代中期を代表する漢詩文の文人としては淡海三船と石上宅嗣が著名であり、いずれかが『懐風藻』の編集にたずさわったであろうと推定されるが、確実な証拠はない。
- OMI no Mifune and ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu were famous as poets of Chinese poems representing the middle of the Nara period, and although it is inferred that one of them was involved in editing of 'Kaifuso,' there is no definite evidence.
- 遺言者が、遺贈の目的物の滅失若しくは変造又はその占有の喪失によって第三者に対して償金を請求する権利を有するときは、その権利を遺贈の目的としたものと推定する。
- If a testator has a right to claim compensation from a third party resulting from loss or alteration, or loss of possession, of the object of a testamentary gift, that right shall be presumed to have been an object of the testamentary gift.
- 鋳造高は文禄4年5月から慶長2年(1597年)2月までは、約3万枚と推定され、慶長3年(1598年)3月から5年(1600年)2月までは23,963枚である。
- It is presumed that the number of the Tensho naga oban minted during the period from June 1595 until March 1597 was about 30,000; and during the period from April 1598 until March 1600, 23,963 oban were minted.
- 1997年、奈良国立文化財研究所(現・奈良文化財研究所)は、奈良県桜井市南西部(藤原京跡の東方)にある吉備池廃寺跡が百済大寺跡と推定されるとの見解を発表した。
- In 1997, Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties (present Nara Research Institute for Cultural Properties) announced its observation that the ancient site of Kibiike Temple found in the southeast of Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture (east of the site of Fujiwara-kyo) can be the site where Kudaradai-ji Temple once stood.
- 新田義貞の妻(正妻は安東氏の娘)とされるが、新田義貞との関係が記されているのは『太平記』においてのみであり、年代的な推定などから創作である可能性が非常に高い。
- Although it is said that she was the wife of Yoshisada NITTA (his legally wedded wife was a daughter of the Ando clan), descriptions of her relationships with Yoshisada NITTA are included only in 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace) and it is highly likely that they were imagenary, considering chronological estimates and others.
- 井の姓は中国風に一字に省略したもので、古代の帰化系氏族「井上(いのへ)氏」あるいは同様の帰化系氏族「葛井(ふじい)氏」の出身ではないかと推定する研究者もいる。
- Some researchers presume that his surname, Sei (井) was the abbreviation made to be one word in Chinese style and he could be a descendant of a naturalized family in the ancient times, which was the Inohe (井上) clan or the Fujii (葛井) clan.
- この記録の真偽は定かではないが、「桃仙の梅」が樹齢600年と推定されることから、月ヶ瀬梅林の起源は少なくとも600年前にさかのぼるのではないかと考えられている。
- Although the authenticity of this record has not been verified, it is believed that the origin of the Tsukigase Bairin goes back at least 600 years, as 'Tosen no Ume' is estimated to have lived 600 years.
- なお、『観無量寿経』 は、サンスクリットの原典が発見されておらず、おそらく4-5世紀頃中央アジアで大綱が成立し、伝訳に際して中国的要素が加味されたと推定される。
- Meanwhile, the original Sanskrit text of 'Kanmuryoju-kyo Sutra' has not been discovered, so it is assumed that its broad outline was established in Central Asia around 4-5 A.D. and that factors related to China were added during the process of translation.
- 土器自体は縄文時代の作品であったがこの土器の特色とされた口縁部の蛇形装飾の把手がオリジナルではなく、推定復元であることが判明したため指定を解除されたものである。
- Although the earthenware dated back to the Jomon period, the characteristic ear with decoration shaped like a snake near the rim of the mouth was not original; therefore, since it was presumed that this was the result of restoration, its designation as an ICP was canceled.
- つまり、686年(朱鳥元)正月「難波の宮室が全焼した」記録から、孝徳朝の宮室が焼失したと推定でき、その後に天武朝の宮室が建造されたのだと考えられるようになった。
- In short, based on the record that 'the Naniwa no Miya Palace burnt down' in February 686, it can be presumed that the palace of Emperor Kotoku was lost in fire whereby it came to be thus considered that a new palace was subsequently built for Emperor Tenmu.
- 第一項の場合において、不動産を目的物とする法律行為については、前項の規定にかかわらず、その不動産の所在地法を当該法律行為に最も密接な関係がある地の法と推定する。
- In the case referred to in paragraph (1), if the subject matter of the juridical act is real property, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, the law of the place where the real property is situated (lex rei sitae) shall be presumed to be the law of the place with which the act is most closely connected.
- 奈良時代には中心堂宇の大仏殿(金堂)のほか、東西2つの七重塔(推定高さ約100メートル)を含む大伽藍が整備されたが、中世以降、2度の兵火で多くの建物を焼失した。
- In the Nara period, there was a large Buddhist temple including the Great Buddha Hall (Kon-do Hall) at the center and two Nanajunoto (seven-story pagodas; estimated height 100m) on the east and the west sides, but most of the buildings were burned in two fires caused by wars after the Kamakura period.
- 天皇の黄櫨染御袍が中国の赭黄袍を起源として平安時代初期に導入された(それ以前の天皇の袍は白色であったと推定されている)のに対し、黄丹色の日本での起源は、より古い。
- While korozen no goho (a costume which an emperor puts on when he performs an important ritual), whose origin was shakoho (apricot-yellow robe made for the exclusive use of an emperor) of China, was imported in the early Heian period, the origin of oni no ho is earlier than that.
- 『万葉集』にある郷土礼讃の歌に散見され、『延喜式』の贄の貢進国の記述、平城京跡から出土した木簡の記述などから、若狭国・志摩国・淡路国などへの該当が推定されている。
- As it was seen many times in the poems of home admiration written in 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), it seemed that Wakasa Province, Shima Province, and Awaji Province to be the appropriate Miketsukuni from the statement of the supply provinces making offerings in the 'Engishiki' (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) and the statement on mokkan (a narrow strip of wood on which an official message is written) that was discovered from the former site of Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Nara).
- 天理市和邇(わに)から櫟本(いちのもと)にかけては、和珥氏の拠点であり、関連一族が築造したと推定される古墳が平野部との比高差約70メートルの丘陵上に点在している。
- From Wani down to Ichinomoto, Tenri City, which used to be the base of Wani clan, there are tumuli presumed to have been constructed by the related families scattered on the hill which is about 70 meters higher than the plain area.
- と云うのは、彼も今(自分の前に)行われていることの興味に引かれて、自分の声が彼等の耳に何等の響も持たないことをすっかり忘れて、時々大きな声で自分の推定を口にした。
- for, wholly forgetting the interest he had in what was going on, that his voice made no sound in their ears, he sometimes came out with his guess quite loud,
- ここで義経と行家の捜索・逮捕の目的で保持していた日本国総追補使・総地頭の地位を、より一般的な治安警察権の行使のために改め、永久的なものに切り替わったと推定される。
- It is believed that, here the positions of Nihon-koku Sotsuibukushi and Sojito, which were retained for the purpose of search and the arrest of Yoshitsune and Yukiie, were revised to more general police powers for public safety and had changed to a permanent organization.
- 2006年4月20日、筑紫野市教委は、大宰府政庁跡の北端から約1.7キロメートル南で条坊の南端と推定される幅約8メートルの道路と側溝の遺構が見つかったと発表した。
- On April 20, 2006, the Tsukushino City Board of Education announced that the remains of a street about 8-meter wide and side ditch had been found that is assumed to be the southern border of jobo, in a place about 1.7 kilometers south of the north end of the remains of Dazai-fu government.
- 南方に位置する笠置寺と同様、山内に奇岩怪石が多く、古くから山岳修行の地として開けていたと推定されるが、こうした山岳寺院の常として草創の経緯ははっきりわかっていない。
- As is the case with Kasagi-dera Temple at the south of Kontai-ji Temple, there are many strange rocks and bizarre stones, and it is presumed that it developed as a place for mountain ascetic practices from ancient times; however, as is often the case with this sort of mountain temple, the circumstances of its development aren't clearly known.
- 後円部の頂上には、高さ2メートル弱と推定される一辺9.75×12.5メートルの貼り石のある矩形壇が知られており、その壇の裾周りに二重口縁の壺形土器が巡らされている。
- It is known that there was a 9.75-meter and 12.5-meter Kukei-dan with the estimated height of a slightly less than two meters with stuck stones located on the top of the back circular part, and Nijukoen Tsubogata doki earthenware were placed around the foot of the platform.
- 著作権を譲渡する契約において、第二十七条又は第二十八条に規定する権利が譲渡の目的として特掲されていないときは、これらの権利は、譲渡した者に留保されたものと推定する。
- Where a contract for the transfer of a copyright makes no particular reference to the rights provided for in Article 27 or 28 as the rights being transferred thereunder, it shall be presumed that such rights have been reserved to the transferor.
- なお、本堂の解体修理中の昭和28年(1953年)、屋根裏から焼損した仏像の残欠が発見され、これは建治3年の火災以前に祀られていた旧本尊像ではないかと推定されている。
- In 1953, when the main hall was taking apart and reparing, remains of a burnt Buddhist statue were found from the attic, which is considered to be the former principal image worshiped before the fire of 1277.
- この伽藍並条里図は、画面に記入されている人名等から天平宝字年間(757 - 765年)頃の作成と推定され、額田寺(額安寺)の創建がこれ以前であることを裏付けている。
- This Garan narabini Jori Zu was presumed to have been painted in around the Tenpyo-Hoji era (757-765) from the name and other details inscribed on the picture plane, supporting the theory that the foundation of Nukata-dera Temple (Kakuan-ji Temple) was earlier than this period.
- 目録の終わりに「応永11年甲申(1404年)8月25日金沢文庫御本書之」とあり、1404年(応永11年)に金沢文庫本から書写したものを更に書写したものと推定される。
- In the end of the table of contents, it says, 'Copied from the manuscript owned by the Kanazawa Library on August 25, 1404,' so it seems to have been recopied from the one owned by the Kanazawa Library.
- インド神話におけるガンダルバであり、ギリシア神話におけるケンタウロスと同源であると推定されることからインド・イラン共通時代よりもさらに印欧祖語時代に起源をさかのぼる。
- It is Gandharba in Indian myths and has its origin in the period of Proto-Indo-European language going back from the period of Indo-Iranian language because it is guessed to have the same origin as the Centaurs in Greek myths.
- この人物は尚氏の子弟か近親者と推定されている(なお、宮内庁書陵部所蔵松岡本は宛先を息子の大舘晴光とするが、晴光が九郎の名乗りを用いた記録は無く、別人の可能性が高い)。
- It is presumed that this person was either Hisauji's son or relative (Matsuoka-bon (one of manuscripts) possessed by Imperial Household Archives assumed the addressee was his son Harumitsu Odachi, but there are no records proving that Harumitsu called himself Kuro and therefore, he might be an another person).
- 南北朝時代_(日本)の明徳2年(1391年)に出された「西大寺末寺帳」には8ヶ国、同時代のその他の史料から更に十数ヶ国の国分寺が西大寺の末寺であったと推定されている。
- Eight provinces were shown in the 'Saidaiji Matujicho' (list of all subtemples) made in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) in 1391, and it is inferred from other historical materials of the same period that, other than those, kokubunji in ten and several provinces were subtemples of Saidai-ji Temple.
- 第百七十条第三項において準用する第八十条第一項第二号又は第三号の取引によって清算特定目的会社に損害が生じたときは、次に掲げる清算人は、その任務を怠ったものと推定する。
- When a Specific Purpose Company in Liquidation incurs damages as a result of a transaction prescribed in Article 80(1)(ii) or (iii) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 170(3), the following liquidators shall be presumed to have neglected their duties:
- 尚、『吾妻鏡』編纂者と推測されるものの中に二階堂行貞が居るが、二階堂文書には、その家に伝わった『吾妻鏡』を15世紀末(推定)に島津家に譲り渡したとの記録が残っている。
- Among the likely compilers, we can see the name of Yukisada NIKAIDO, but the documents of Nikaido has a record that 'Azuma Kagami,' which was handed down in the family, was transferred to the Shimazu family.
- たとえば、倭屯倉は、垂仁朝や景行朝に大王自らが設置したと『記・紀』に伝えられているもので、その地は現在の奈良県磯城郡三宅町の地を中心とした一帯であると推定されている。
- For example, the 'Kiki' says the great kings of Suinin and Keiko dynasties were personally involved in the process of establishing Yamato miyake in the area believed to be the surrounding area of today's Miyake-cho, Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture.
- 5世紀後期の作成とされる江田船山古墳出土の鉄剣銘に「治天下□□□□□大王」とあり、□□□□□の部分は「ワカタケル」と訓ずると推定されており、雄略天皇に比定されている。
- The phrase 'amenoshita shiroshimesu □□□□□ okimi' is seen on the iron sword excavated at the Eta Funayama Tumulus, which is believed to have been constructed in the late fifth century, and it is presumed that the portion of □□□□□ can be read as 'Wakatakeru,' who is assumed to be the Emperor Yuryaku.
- もし、最初の段階での『日本書紀』が天武元年を壬申年の翌年においていたのなら、それは即位年にあわせたからではなく、壬申年が別の天皇の年だったからだと推定できるのである。
- If such chronological order was determined from the very start of compiling 'Chronicles of Japan,' it can be estimated that the first year of Emperor Tenmu was designated for the next year of Jinshin not because it was the year of enthronement but because the Jinshin year was under the reign of another emperor.
- この説によれば、二条家の都合がもとで開始された即位灌頂であるため、天皇の即位時、二条家が摂関を勤めていない場合、当初、即位灌頂は基本的には行われなかったものと推定する。
- According to this view, as sokuikanjo was introduced due to wishes of the Nijo family, it is inferred that sokuikanjo was not usually conducted if sekkan were not from the Nijo family on the occasion of enthronement of the emperor.
- 弘文院設立の時期は『日本後紀』の散逸などにより不明であるが、広世に関する他の記事から延暦年間末期から大同 (日本)年間初頭(大同元年は806年)の設立と推定されている。
- It was impossible to know when the Kobunin was founded mainly because 'Nihon Koki' was scattered and ultimately lost; but from the other records of Hiroyo, it was estimated that the Kobunin was founded from the end of the Enryaku era (782 - 806) to the beginning of the Daido era (the first year of Daido was 806).
- 母屋の建物時期は正確には明らかにされていないが、広間型の旧式の間取りや構造手法、表門の建立許可文書などから、18世紀中期から末期、宝暦から天明期の建築と推定されている。
- It is not clear when the main building was built, but it can be estimated to have been built from the middle to the end of the 18 century, or the Horeki period to the Tenmei period, judging from old room arrangement in an audience hall style, an architecture method and a construction permission paper on the front gate.
- 御食国(みけつくに)は、日本古代から平安時代まで、贄(にえ)の貢進国、すなわち皇室・朝廷に海水産物を中心とした御食料(穀類以外の副食物)を貢いだと推定される国を指す言葉。
- Miketsukuni indicated the supply provinces making offerings, namely the province that was assumed to supply food (secondary diet component except for grain), mainly marine products, to the Imperial family and Imperial court, from ancient Japan to the Heian period.
- ロドリゴ・デ・ビベロによって1609年ごろに15万人と伝えられた江戸の人口は、18世紀初頭には100万人を超え、世界一ないしはそれに匹敵する規模であったと推定されている。
- The population of Edo, which was reported by Rodrigo de Viveroto be around one-hundred-fifty-thousand in 1609, exceeded the one million mark at the turn of the eighteenth century--prompting many to presume that Edo had become one of the biggest if not the biggest city in the world.
- 679年(天武8年)の吉野の盟約に参加した諸皇子に名を連ねていないこと、また『新撰姓氏録』に「浄広壱」とあることから、大宝律令成立直前に30歳前後で早世したと推定される。
- Because he was not included in the princes who participated in the Yoshino Pact in 679, and the rank of 'joko ichi' (the first rank of joi yoshina, four rank of joi, which corresponds to Shoshiinoge, Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade in ranks for Shoo and shoshin, vassal of Taiho Ritsuryo, Taiho Code) appears in 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility), it is likely that he had died right before the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code) was established, at the age of around 30.
- 三道の敷設年代については、『日本書紀』孝徳天皇の白雉4年(653)六月条に「処処の大道を脩治(つく)る」とあることなどを勘案して七世紀中ば頃に敷設されたと推定されている。
- The date of construction is estimated to be in the mid 7th century, considering the description in the 'Nihon Shoki' (Chronicles of Japan) at the part of June 653 in the era of the Emperor Kotoku, saying that they constructed big roads in several places.
- この論文では、ハードウェア手法を使ったDES鍵探索のコストを推定し、またDESへの攻撃をかわすための手段として提案されているいくつかの手法について、その有効性を検討する。
- In this article we assess the cost of DES key search using hardware methods and examine the effectiveness of some proposed methods for thwarting attacks on [?] _______________________ Michael J. Wiener, Entrust Technologies, 750 Heron Road, Suite E08, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1V 1A7 Michael J. Wiener, Entrust Technologies, 750 Heron Road, Suite E08, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1V 1A7
- 生年は不詳であるが、名前の「馬子」は午年生まれであることに因む可能性もあり、『公卿補任』に「在官五十五年」とあることから、550年の庚午年前後であろうと推定する人もいる。
- Although his birth year is unknown, his name Umako suggests the possibility that he was born in the year of the horse, and based on the official record left in 'Kugyo Bunin' (Ancient Office Records), which records his service as a government officer as being 55 years, some people estimate that he was born around 550, which was the year of Kanoe uma (metal-horse year).
- 絹本著色不動明王像(黄不動)-滋賀・園城寺(三井寺)に秘蔵される、黄不動像(平安時代前期)を元に制作された画像の1つであり、平安時代末期、12世紀頃の制作と推定されている。
- Color painting on silk, a portrait of Fudo Myoo (Ki Fudo (Yellow Cetaka)) - one of the portraits produced based on Ki Fudo Zo (produced in the early Heian period) located in Enjo-ji Temple (Miidera Temple) in Shiga Prefecture, and is estimated to have been produced in around the twelfth century, in the late Heian period.
- 推定上ローレンスが教会の宝物をあきらめるよう警察によって命令されて、ローマの貧民を紹介することによって応じたとき、彼は焼き網(258では、死ぬ)の上に死ぬまであぶられました
- supposedly Lawrence was ordered by the police to give up the church's treasure and when he responded by presenting the poor people of Rome he was roasted to death on a gridiron (died in 258)
- (照会を推定したところ)検索結果が多すぎます。CIDRの指定を小さく絞り込んでください。利用されたIPは以下の通りです(5000件を上限に、アドレス順で整列されています):
- Too many results (according to query estimate), please narrow down the CIDR.Here are the IPs used (5000 max, sorted by address):
- ある意見が論争するたびに論破できないという理由で、その意見が真であると推定することと、ある意見を論破させない目的でそれが真だと決めつけることの間には、大きな違いがあります。
- There is the greatest difference between presuming an opinion to be true, because, with every opportunity for contesting it, it has not been refuted, and assuming its truth for the purpose of not permitting its refutation.
- 鉄甲船の動力は通常の安宅船と同じく櫓、および起倒式の木綿帆によるものと推定されているが、鉄板によって重量を増した船がこの方式で実用に耐えうる速度で航行できるかは不明である。
- It is estimated that the power of a tekkosen, like ordinary Atake-bune, came from oars and retractable cotton sails, but it is unclear whether a ship with more weight due to iron plates could run at a practical speed using this method.
- 両方合わせて重複部分を除いても内容が一部欠ける(完本に至らないが、散逸推定分を加えても30巻には至らないと考えられる)状態であるため、原本がどういう形であったかは不詳である。
- Because some of the book is missing even these two versions are combined and the overlapping parts were removed (even though these versions are not complete, it is considered that there are less than 30 volumes after adding the lost and estimated parts), it is unknown what style the original book had.
- これらの、嗅覚が鋭く行動の機敏な動物の捕獲には、手持ちの槍よりも投げ槍が狩猟具として適していたものと考えられ、特に有舌尖頭器の急増は、こうした事情を物語っていると推定される。
- A javelin was considered more suitable than a spear as a tool for hunting these sharp-nosed and nimble animals, and probably the particularly rapid increase of the hafted point can be explained by these reasons.
- いずれにせよ彼をはじめとした倉麻呂の息子達は連子系の蘇我安麻呂(彼にしても、まもなくなくなったと推定される)以外は没落する事となり、蘇我氏高位不在の時代が長く続くこととなる。
- Whatever the case, son's of Kuramaro including Akae came to fall, except for SOGA no Yasumaro of Murajiko's ancestry (It is assumed that even he passed away in a while), and the era without the Soga clan in high rank continued for a long time.
- 1981年には森博達が「唐代北方音と上代日本語の母音評価」でエ段以外の甲乙に差があることを認める7母音説を発表するとともに、唐代北方音と切韻を利用した具体的音価の推定を試みた。
- In 1981 Hiromichi MORI, in his 'The Northern Dialect of the Tang Dynasty and the Phonetic Value of the Vowels in Old Japanese', published a theory of seven vowels, recognizing the distinction between the A- and B-types other than those with the vowel of エ (e), and tried to presume concrete sounds using the northern dialect of the Tang dynasty and phonetically arranged dictionary of ancient Chinese characters.
- したがって、これは鳩摩羅什が大智度論の「体・法(作)・力・因・縁・果(果・報)・性・限礙(相)・開通方便(本末究竟等)」などの九種法を変形展開し、十如是としたと推定されている。
- Therefore, it is assumed that Kumaraju converted the nine factors of the universe such as 'the embodiment, the dharma (function), the potency, the primary cause, the secondary cause, the effect (result and recompense), the nature, the hindrance (form) and expedient means to open a way through (complete fundamental whole)' into the junyoze.
- 澤瀉丁銀(おもだかちょうぎん):湯浅作兵衛が慶長丁銀の発行に先立って試鋳したものと推定され、「常是」、「寳」および「大黒像」に加えて家紋の一覧沢瀉(おもだか)の極印が打たれる。
- Omodaka Chogin: These Chogin were thought to be sample made by Sakube YUASA before the circulation of Keicho Chogin and had hallmarks with characters for '常是' (Joze [Sakube's heredity name]) and '寳' (Ho [valuable]) and an 'image of Daikoku' as well as the Kamon (family crest) of Omodaka.
- かつて存在したことは確かであるが、その後、火事・天災・破却・戦災で消失した天守を元の場所に、あえて史実に基づかなかったり、史料不足により規模や意匠に推定の部分があるものをいう。
- It refers to a Tenshu which surely existed in the past but was afterward lost by fire, natural disaster, knockdown, or war damage and was reconstructed at the original location but with assumptive part in scale and design due to an intention not to be based on the historical facts and due to lack of historical data.
- 清算人が第百七十条第三項において準用する第八十条第一項の規定に違反して同項第一号の取引をしたときは、当該取引によって清算人又は第三者が得た利益の額は、前項の損害の額と推定する。
- When a liquidator has carried out the transaction prescribed n Article 80(1)(i) in violation of Article 80(1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 170(3), the amount of profits obtained by the liquidator or a third party as a result of such a transaction shall be presumed to be the amount of damages referred to in the preceding paragraph.
- この時代の銅鏡の中には、中国大陸の年号が銘されている紀年鏡が13枚のうち12枚が含まれており、出土した古墳やその他の副葬品が製造された年代を推定するための参考資料とされている。
- Because twelve out of thirteen Kinen mirrors, which were with the name of an era of China, were included in bronze mirrors produced in this period, these mirrors were used as references to estimate the era when the excavated tumulus or other burial goods were produced.
- 下巻巻頭には和歌の神とされる住吉明神(住吉大社)の景観が描かれた図があり、上巻巻頭にも、現在は失われているが、玉津姫明神または賀茂御祖神社の景観図があったものと推定されている。
- Volume Two began with a landscape of Sumiyoshi Myojin (Sumiyoshitaisha Shrine) that enshrined the deity of Waka (Japanese poem), and it is assumed that Volume One also started with a landscape of Tamatsuhime Myojin or Kamomioya Shrine, although it has been lost.
- 江戸時代の記録より、琵琶平家琵琶などで好んで語られるのは50句程度であったものと推定されることから、愛好家にとっては、滅多に聴けない句を聴くことのできる、またとない機会となった。
- A record from the Edo period states that such performances provided a golden opportunity for lovers of the tale, because the number of favored phrases most Biwa Hoshi narrated in Heike Biwa was estimated at about 50.
- 細川氏の被官となっていた内藤備前入道こと内藤信承が丹波国の守護代となったことにより、八木城は守護代である内藤氏の威勢を示すものとして本格的に拡張されはじめたものと推定されている。
- It is assumed that the fact that Naito Bizen Nyudo, also known as Nobusuke NAITO, who had been the hikan (low-level bureaucrat) of the Hosokawa clan became the Shugodai of Tanba Province facilitated the full-scale expansion of Yagi-jo Castle for the reason that Yagi-jo Castle displayed the power of the Naito clan which served as Shugodai.
- また、出土する瓦は単弁八葉蓮華文の軒丸瓦と重弧文の軒平瓦の組み合わせからなる「山田寺式」と呼ばれるもので、各地の古代寺院から同種の瓦が出土し、建築年代を推定する指標となっている。
- In addition, the unearthed roof tiles called 'Yamada-dera shiki' (Yamada-dera Temple Style) consist of a combination of Tanben hachiyo rengemon no kimarugawara (roof tiles with a design of lotus flowers with eight leaves around a petal) and Jukomon no nokihiragawara (broad eaves-end tiles with linear patterns), and tiles of the same type have been unearthed at ancient temples around the country, providing guidelines for estimating when each of the temples was built.
- 1949年7月のへスター台風では演習林事務所で総雨量が519mm、東部の三国岳では推定600mmを超える記録的な大雨に見舞われ、演習林事務所を除く建物の大半が破損したり流失した。
- In Typhoon Hester that hit the area in July 1949, record amounts of total rain fell in the area, 519 mm at the site of the administration office in the field practice forest and more than 600 mm at Mikuni-dake Mountain in the east, damaging or destroying more than half of the buildings there, except the administration office.
- 裏面中央に家紋の一覧沢瀉(おもだか)、亀甲桐紋、花押の極印が打たれた澤瀉大判(おもだかおおばん)は秀吉が毛利輝元に後藤家で大判を作製することを許したと推定する説もあるが定かでない。
- Some historians also consider that 'the Omodaka oban' was minted by order of Terumoto MORI whom Hideyoshi permitted to mint using the Goto family; the theory is based on the mark at the middle of the back of the oban, such as the Mori family's crest of Omodaka (a swamp plant), the Goto family's Kamon of paulownia in a hexagon and Goto's Kao; however, there is no positive proof for the theory yet.
- 一方で鎌倉中期から橘氏の支配を離れた出羽男鹿半島が北条氏の所領となり、安東氏がその地頭代となったのではないかとする説もあり、宗家とは別の安東一族の海を通じた広がりが推定されている。
- On the other hand, there is an assumption that as the Oga Peninsula of Dewa Province became the Hojo clan's territory after the Tachibana clan lost its control over the peninsula in the mid-Kamakura period, the Ando clan took the position of jitodai (provisional jito) of the territory, and supposes the existence of a branch Ando family, other than the head family, which had an extensive influence over the marine area.
- 元徳3年(1331年)の古図では既に祇園造で描かれているが、この古図の原本は寛和2年(986年)のものであることから、祇園造の様式は935年から986年の間に成立したと推定される。
- In an ancient drawing made in 1331, the shrine is depicted as a Gion-zukuri style building, and it is estimated from the fact that the original copy of this drawing was created in 986 that the Gion-zukuri style was established between 935 and 986.
- 台座内に天文23年(1554年)の修理銘があり、そこに「西御塔本尊」とあることなどから、保延5年(1139年)に建てられた三重塔(本御塔)の本尊として造られたものと推定されている。
- An inscription within the pedestal dating repairs at 1554 has led to the estimation that the statue was crafted to serve as the three-storey pagoda (Hon-mito) erected in 1139.
- 効率のよいDESキー探索:追補(Michael J. Wiener)は、1993年にかれが発表した重要な論文に含まれた技術的な推定を、1998年のものにアップデートしたものである。
- Efficient DES Key Search - An Update, by Michael J. Wiener, revises for 1998 the technology estimates from his seminal 1993 paper,
- 確実に最古のものと言えるのは鎌倉時代の嘉元3年(1305年)の銘がある京都仁和寺所蔵のものと同年に他の所有者の地図から転写されたと推定されている神奈川県の金沢文庫所蔵のものである。
- The oldest ones confirmed are the one with the inscription of the third year of Kaei (1305) in Kamakura period owned by Ninna-ji Temple in Kyoto, and the another owned by Kanazawa Library, Kanagawa Prefecture which is presumed to have been copied from the map owned by someone else in the same year.
- 第1段階は景初3年(239)・正始元年(240)前後と推定できるから、一つの段階を約10年あまりと考えて、第2段階は250年前後、第3段階は260年前後、あとの段階も同様に考える。
- As the first phase can be guessed to be around 239 or 240, based on about more than ten years per phase, the second phase is considered to be around 250, the third to be around 260 and the same for later phases.
- 『兵範記』保元3年2月9日条に信範の娘(藤原脩範室か?)の婚礼の際に婿を迎えた「進士」「勾当」が同母兄弟である信基・平信季兄弟と推定されており、進士=紀伝道であったと見られている。
- According to the March 18, 1158 part of 'Heihanki' (The Diary of TAIRA no Nobunori), 'shinshi' (Daigaku student who passed a subject of the official appointment test) and 'Koto' (the third title of the official ranks within the Todo-za (the traditional guild for the blind)) who greeted the groom at the wedding of a daughter (the wife of FUJIWARA no Naganori ?) were supposedly the brothers-uterine, Nobumoto and TAIRA no Nobusue, thus shinshi is considered to have been Kidendo (the study of the histories).
- しかし、この3回に渡る京都侵攻作戦は、『梅松論』『常楽記』が6月30日の出来事として記すもので、『太平記』ではストーリー構成上、この日の戦いを3分割して描いていると推定されている。
- These 3 operations to invade Kyoto, however, are recorded to have taken place on June 30 according to the 'Baishoron' (Historical tale compiled in 1349) and 'Jorakuki' and, hence, it is supposed that, in 'Taiheiki', these battles on that day were broken up into 3 segments to better organize the storyline.
- 吉田東伍の「古代半島諸国興廃概考」(8月号『史学会雑誌』21号p.21~22。)に素盞鳴尊の韓郷之島曽尸茂梨之処の曽尸茂梨を牛頭山とし、漢の春秋戦国時代の西暦紀元前4世紀と推定した。
- In his paper 'Study of Emergence and Disappearance of Ancient Countries in the Korean Peninsula' (August 1891 edition of 'Journal of Historical Studies,' volume 21, p.21-p.22), Togo YOSHIDA proposed that 'Soshimori in the Korean island called Soshimori, which is visited by Susanoo' is Mt. Gyuto and that was around the fourth century B.C. during the Spring and Autumn Warring States period in China.
- ねずは、典医たちが発表した「御容態書」のとおり天皇が順調に回復の道をたどっていたところが、一転急変して苦悶の果てに崩御したことを鑑み、その最期の病状から砒素による毒殺の可能性を推定。
- Nezu assumed the possibility of the Emperor's death was caused by arsenic, after following 'the Emperor's health report' written by the Imperial doctors, that said the Emperor was getting better, Nezu collated the record that all of a sudden the Emperor died in agony.
- 物を生産する方法の発明について特許がされている場合において、その物が特許出願前に日本国内において公然知られた物でないときは、その物と同一の物は、その方法により生産したものと推定する。
- Where the invention of a process of producing a product has been patented and the product was not publicly known in Japan prior to the filing of the patent application, a product identical with such product shall be presumed to have been produced by the patented process.
- また生没年も伝わっていないが、資料・作品等から寛弘5年(1008年)に30歳位と推測されるので、逆算して天延元年(979年)頃生? - 長和五年(1016年)頃没?と推定されている。
- Also, her dates of birth and death are unknown, but it is suggested that she was about 30 years old in 1008, based on historical materials and her works; by counting backwards from that age, she would have been born around 979 and died around 1016.
- しかし、他の弟である蘇我赤兄と蘇我連子は、天智天皇の時代に大臣(赤兄は左大臣、連子ははっきりは分からないが右大臣と推定されている)に任じられており、蘇我氏は一定の地位を保持している。
- However, Ishikawamaro's other brothers SOGA no Akae and SOGA no Murajiko were respectively appointed as Minister of the Left and Minister of the Right (Although the veracity of Murajiko's appointment is less certain.) during the reign of Emperor Tenchi, and the Soga clan maintained a certain degree of status.
- 大谷派は、「善法院」の場所を「親鸞ヶ原」と呼ばれるようになった地に建立された法泉寺の跡地(現、京都市立京都御池中学校〈虎石町〉)付近と推定して、「見真大師遷化之旧跡」の石碑を建立する。
- The Otani Sect supposed the location of 'Zenpo-in' to be at the ruins of Hosen-ji Temple, built in a place that had come to be called 'Shinrangahara' (present-day Kyoto Municipal Kyoto Oike Middle School - Toraishi-cho), and erected a stone monument with the words 'The Place Where Kenshin Daishi Passed On.'
- 元禄11年(1698年)の『法隆寺諸堂仏躰数量記』に「虚空蔵立像 長七尺五分」とあるのが、像高からみて百済観音に当たると推定され、これが百済観音の存在を記録する最古の文献とされている。
- It is assumed that the mention of 'Kokuzo Ryu-zo (Standing statue of Kokuzo), seven shaku and five bu in height' in 'Horyu-ji Shodo Butsutai Suryoki' (Record of the number of Buddha at several halls of Horyu-ji Temple) in 1698 refers to Kudara Kannon, as judged from the height of the statue, and this is considered the oldest literature recording the existence of Kudara Kannon.
- 関山直太郎(1958年)は、旗本御家人と家族約11万5千人、その家来・従属者約10万人、諸藩の在府者と家族約18万人、幕府直属の足軽・奉公人等約10万人、合計約50万人と推定している。
- On the other hand, Naotaro SEKIYAMA (1958) estimated that the aggregate population of samurai households was around 500,000, composed of 115,000 hatamoto and their dependents, 100,000 of their servants, 180,000 domain-retained samurai and their dependents, and 100,000 of ashigaru (common foot soldier) and servants retained by Bakufu.
- 嵯峨院の園池を引き継ぐものと推定されているが、これは南東にゆるく傾斜する地形を利用して南から東にかけて長い堤を築することで北西側からの流れをせき止めて築造された人工の池として知られる。
- It is known as being an artificial lake created by using terrain that gently slopes to the southeast and building a long bank running from south to east which serves to dam the flow from the northwest.
- この俘囚集団を護送していたのは、防人の護送を担当していた防人部領使であったことが確認でき、彼らが最終的に防人の配備先である筑紫(九州)に送られて同様の任務についていたものと推定される。
- It was confirmed that the guards for Sakimori (soldiers deployed for border defense) escorted this group of subjected barbarians, which suggests that they were sent to Chikushi (Kyushu) in the end, where Sakimori were stationed, to engage in similar work to the Sakimori.
- そして「院」とのみ記し、没後の謚(おくりな)である「後深草院」とは呼んでいないことからその存命の間、つまり1290年(正応3年)より1304年(嘉元2年)7月16日までの間と推定する。
- And it is also conjectured that the compilation was done in the Emperor's lifetime, between 1290 and July 16, 1304, because his name was written as 'In' only and his posthumous name 'Gofukakusa-in' was not used in the writing.
- 『日本三代実録』によれば、この年の12月18日 (旧暦)に宮中仁寿殿において、光孝天皇主催による遍昭の70歳の賀が行われていることから、光孝天皇との和歌における師弟関係が推定されている。
- According to the 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' (literally, 'the authentic records of three Japanese reigns'), Henjo's seventieth birthday celebration hosted by the Emperor Koko was held in court at the Jinjuden on December 18 (old Lunar calendar), suggesting a teacher-student relationship with the Emperor Koko regarding waka.
- 古代史の資料「六国史」の記述や百済系瓦の出土例などから、鞠智城は百済亡命貴族の指導で築城されたと考えられており、遺跡からは百済貴族が持ち込んだと推定される青銅製の菩薩立像も出土している。
- From the description in the 'Rikkokushi' (the Six National Histories), the materials of the ancient history, and from the unearthed Paekche-type roof tiles and so on, Kikuchi-jo Castle is thought to have been constructed under the guidance of noblemen exiled from Paekche, therefore a bronze standing statue of Bosatsu (Bodhisattva) which is presumed to have been carried in by Paekche noblemen was excavated from the ruins.
- 同時期の朝鮮の木造仏で同型のものは残っていないが、広隆寺像も元来は金箔でおおわれていたことが、下腹部等にわずかに残る痕跡から明らかで、制作当初は金銅仏に近い外観であったことが推定される。
- There are no other surviving Korean wooden Buddhist statues of the same style from the same era but the Koryu-ji Temple statue was originally covered in gold leaf and it is clear from the few traces that remain on the abdomen that would have resembled a gilt bronze Buddhist statue when it was crafted.
- なお、本尊の阿弥陀如来坐像は坐高2.8メートルを超える大作であり、像内に天慶9年(946年)の銘記があることから、遅くとも10世紀半ばには岩船寺はかなりの規模の寺院であったと推定される。
- The principal image seated statue of Amida Nyorai is large at over 2.8 m in height and it is assumed from the internal inscription dating from the year 946 that Gansen-ji Temple had become an extremely large temple by the middle of the 10th century at the latest.
- ポールとパーシバルのグッドマン兄弟<注15>は、20年前に、全労働の5パーセントで、我々の衣食住の最低限の必要は満たされるであろうと推定した。(正確に計算すれば、現在はさらに低いだろう)
- Twenty years ago, Paul and Percival Goodman estimated that just five percent of the work then being done -- presumably the figure, if accurate, is lower now -- would satisfy our minimal needs for food, clothing, and shelter.
- そのため三韓征伐のモデルとなった朝鮮半島への出兵を4世紀半ば(神功皇后49年(249年)を干支2巡繰り上げたものと見て369年と推定する)とし、以降、当地域は倭王の直轄地であったとした。
- In order to make historical ends meet, the dispatch of troops to the Korean Peninsula, which led to the legend of sankan-seibatsu (the conquest of three countries in old Korea), was said to have taken place in the mid fourth century (presumably in 369, calculated by adding two rounds of the Oriental zodiac [120 years] to the year of 249 as stated in Nihonshoki) and this area was considered as the directly controlled land of the king of Wa (Japan) ever since.
- 文面は、冒頭の挨拶、『摩訶止観』のお礼、比叡山には行けない旨を告げたあとに、「あなた(最澄)と修円(推定)と私の3人が集まって、仏教の根本問題を語り合い仏教活動を盛んにして仏恩に報いたい。
- The letter started with the greeting at the beginning, followed by an expression of thanks for giving Kukai 'Makashikan' (Mahayana Practice of Cessation and Contemplation) and an apology for not being able to go to Mt.Hiei; additionally it says, 'I would like to get together with you (Saicho) and Shuen (presumably) to talk over the principal issues of Buddhism and spread the Buddhism movement in gratitude for the grace of Buddha.
- 一方鷹見安二郎(1940年)は明治初年の華族・士族人口や石高の統計などをもとに、諸藩の在府者と家族の人口を約36万人、幕府配下の武家と家族の人口を約26万人、合計約62万人と推定している。
- On the other hand, Yasujiro TAKAMI (1940) estimated the population of domain-retained samura and their dependents to be approximately 360,000, and the population of samurai and dependents administered by the Bakufu to be approximately 260,000 for a combined total of 620,000 based on an 1864 (meiji 1) census carried out over peerage and warrior classes.
- 明治に入り、近代歴史学が導入されると、歴史は、同時代史料や、同時代史料に基づくと推定される良質の編纂史料に根拠を持つものによってのみ叙述されるべきだという原則が広く承認されるようになった。
- After the introduction of the study of modern history in the Meiji period, the principle that history should be described on the basis of historical documents at the same period or compiled historical documents in good quality, being considered to have been based on documents at the same period, was widely approved.
- また文禄3年(1594年)頃と推定される「町長門守消息」より会津の大名・蒲生氏郷にかくまわれていた千少庵の元に赴いた「天下一ちゃわんやき吉左衛門」なる人物も宗慶と同一人物と推測されている。
- In addition, 'Kichizaemon who was the tenkaichi (Japan's No. 1) ceramic artist' who visited SEN no Shoan who was given shelter by Ujisato GAMO, a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) in Aizu region, around 1594 according to 'Machi Nagato no kami shosoku' (町長門守消息, literally, a letter of Governor of Nagato Province called Machi) is regarded to be Sokei himself.
- 初期の軍団の配置は不明だが、その当時陸奥国の国府が名取郡の郡山遺跡に所在したと推定されること、後述する2軍団時代に名取団が残された事からも、名取団が古くから置かれたと見るのが自然であろう。
- Although the deployment of initial Gundan is unknown, it is natural to consider that Natori-dan was deployed from old times because Kokufu (ancient provincial office/capital) of Mutsu Province was located at Koriyama Ruins in Natori County at that time, and Natori-dan remained in the era of two Gundan stated below.
- が、こちらはある未知の書紀古写本から傍訓のみを抜き出し、適宜片仮名を万葉仮名に書き換えてそれらしく装ったもの(時期は院政~鎌倉期か)と推定されており、いわゆる年次私記の直接の末裔ではない。
- However, it is guessed that these are the abstracts of only bokun from an unknown old manuscript of Shoki which pretended to be a record by transferring katakana to Manyo-gana (it is guessed to be done from the insei period (during the period of the government by the Retired Emperor to the Kamakura period), so that they are not direct legacies of the so-called annual private records.
- 殷・周時代から制作されている「鐘」(しょう)という青銅器が梵鐘の源流と推定されているが、この「鐘」は全体に小型で、その断面形状は後世の梵鐘のような円形ではなく、杏仁形(アーモンド形)である。
- The bronze ware 'Sho,' produced during the Yin and Zhou periods, are thought to be the origins of Bonsho, but generally the size of 'Sho' is small and the cross-section is not a circle as found in Bonsho of later times but it is almond-shaped.
- これは弘仁11年に嵯峨天皇の詔で決められたものらしく(日本紀略・小野宮年中行事)、奈良時代には白で刺繍のないものであったらしいことが正倉院文書から推定されている(ただし大仏開眼会での所用品)。
- In 820, it was decided by Imperial edict issued by the Emperor Saga (Nihonki ryaku (The Abbreviated History of Japan) and Ononomiya Annual Ceremonies), and according to the Shosoin documents, it was conjectured that the clothing for the Emperor was white and had no embroidery (although it was worn at the eye-opening ceremony of the Great Buddha).
- 第4次調査において周濠クビレ部埋土中より検出されたヒノキ板材を奈良文化財研究所埋蔵文化財センターにて年輪年代測定の結果、伐採年代は、新しく見積もっても西暦210年頃と推定されることが判明する。
- The Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties Archaeological Center measured the age of Japanese cypress boards excavated from the mud at the constricted spot of the shugo at the fourth research, and as a result, it was made clear that the original tree is presumed to have been cut down about in 210 at the latest.
- これは伏見が亀山の院政下に即位し、その後を後二条が継ぐことを念頭に置いた措置であったと推定されているが、同10年(1287年)伏見の即位に伴い、治天の地位が後深草に移動、後深草院政が開始された。
- Supposedly, it was intended to allow Gonijo succeed the throne after Fushimi who took over the throne in the cloistered government of Kameyama, but the position of chiten was transferred to Gofukakusa with the enthronement of Fushimi in 1287, thereby the rule by retired Emperor Gofukakusa began.
- 公賢の死去は延文5年(正平15年/1360年)であること、実弟で猶子となった洞院実守が奥書に公賢「老後」の著書であると記していることから、貞和3年以降の13年間のうちに書かれたと推定されている。
- In view of the fact that Kinkata died in 1360 and his younger brother and adopted son Sanemori TOIN wrote in the book's postscript that the book was written after Kinkata's 'retirement,' it is presumed that the book was written during the period thirteen years after 1347.
- 近年の研究では、陸奥国一宮鹽竈神社の神人であり鹽竈神社の神領の管理をしていたこと、「津軽山賊」と記載された史料があること等から、「海民」、「山民」としての性格を持つ豪族であったとも推定されている。
- In the recent studies, the following things are assumed: the clan was a jinin (associates of Shinto shrines) at Ichinomiya Shiogama-jinja Shrine in Mutsu Province, in charge of the management of the shrine estate of Shiogama-jinja Shrine, it can be understppd that it was a local ruling lord which had certain characters of 'Kaimin' (maritime people) as well as 'sanmin' (mountain people) according to the historical materials in which the clan's name registered as 'Tsugaru Sanzoku' (bandit of Tsugaru).
- 見瀬丸山古墳など6世紀の大王墓と推定される墳墓は、3世紀から大王墓が造られ続けてきた古市古墳群、百舌鳥古墳群、馬見古墳群、佐紀盾列古墳群、大和・柳本古墳群といった古墳群から離れた場所に造られている。
- The sixth-century tombs that are presumed to belong to Okimi, like Mise Maruyama-kofun Tumulus, are built somewhere away from the kofun-tumuli groups that were formed by the continuous construction of Okimi tombs beginning in the third century, such as Furuichi-kofun Tumuli Group, Mozu-kofun Tumuli Group, Umami-kofun Tumuli Group, Sakitatenami-kofun Tumuli Group, and Oyamato and Yanagimoto-kofun Tumuli Group.
- 前項の規定の適用については、当該行為の相手方が次に掲げる者のいずれかであるときは、その相手方は、当該行為の当時、破産者が同項第二号の隠匿等の処分をする意思を有していたことを知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of the preceding paragraph, if the other party to the act in question is any of the following persons, the other party shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act, that the bankrupt had the intention of conducting concealment or other disposition set forth in item (ii) of said paragraph:
- 監査法人の社員が前項の規定に違反して自己又は第三者のためにその監査法人の業務の範囲に属する業務を行つたときは、当該業務によつて当該社員又は第三者が得た利益の額は、監査法人に生じた損害の額と推定する。
- When, in violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, a partner of an audit corporation has provided services that fall under the scope of services provided by the audit corporation on his/her own behalf or on behalf of a third party, the amount of the profit gained by said partner or by the third party from the services shall be presumed to be the amount of damage caused to the audit corporation.
- その後、平安時代末期(12世紀)、後白河法皇の時代に洛中に移転し、一時は綾小路小坂(現在の京都市東山区・八坂神社の南西あたりと推定される)に所在したが、近世初期に現在地である法住寺殿跡地に移転した。
- The temple was later relocated to the center of Kyoto at the end of Heian period (12th century) during the reign of Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, where it was temporarily located at Ayanokojikosaka (assumed to have been to the south-west of Yasaka-jinja Shrine in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City) before being moved to its current location on the former site of Hojuji-dono Palace in the early modern period.
- 豊島氏本宗家は室町時代に滅びており、系図はその200年以上後になって復元されたもので、人物の比定に混乱が見られ、近年の研究では朝経は系図では子になっている有経の子と推定され、親子関係が逆転している。
- The head family of the Toshima clan went to ruin in the Muromachi period and the genealogy was restored more than two hundred years later, with confusion in identification of the people, and in recent study, Asatsune was believed to be a son of Aritsune who was described as his son in the genealogy, and their parent-child relationship was reversed.
- 治安 (元号)3年(1021年)但馬国守在任時に、同国にあった小一条院荘園の荘官と推定される惟朝法師に対して国府の役人を殺害したという虚偽の容疑をかけたとの疑いで、実経は郡司7名とともに告発された。
- When he served as Tajima no kuni no kami (Governor of the Tajima Province) in 1021, he was accused, along with seven members of the Gunji (local magistrates), for falsely accusing Buddhist priest Koretomo, who was assumed to be a shokan (an officer governing a shoen (manor)) of Koichijo-in estate in the Tajima Province, of killing a government official of the kokufu (provincial office).
- 文明14年(1482年)の室町幕府と足利成氏の和議、その4年後に太田道灌が殺害されると、千葉自胤は政治的な後ろ盾を失って下総における支配を失ったまま明応3年(1493年)の死去に至ったと推定される。
- It is believed that Yoritane CHIBA lost his political backup as the peace was concluded between the Muromachi bakufu and Shigeuji ASHIKAGA in 1482 and Dokan OTA was killed four years after that, and he eventually died in 1493 having lost control over Shimosa Province.
- 20世紀後半以降の研究の進展により、狩野家は下野国足利(栃木県足利市)の長尾氏と何らかの関係があったものと推定されており、足利市の長林寺に残る墨画の『観瀑図』は正信の比較的初期の作品と考えられている。
- Due to the progress of study after the late twentieth century, it is speculated that the Kano family was somehow related to the Nagao clan in Ashikaga, Shimotsuke Province (Ashikaga City, Tochigi Prefecture); and 'Waterfall,' an ink painting that remains at Chorin-ji Temple in Ashikaga City, is considered a relatively early work by Masanobu.
- また『総見記』によると天正年間(1573年-1592年)明智光秀が八上城攻めの中継基地として「本目の城」を使った、との記載が見受けられるが、両文献に記載される本目城とは神尾山城を指すと推定されている。
- On the other hand, 'Sokenki' describes that Mitsuhide Akechi used the 'Castle of Honme' as a transit base from which to attack Yagami-jo Castle during the Tensho era (1573-1592), and it is supposed that the 'Honme Castle' described in both writings refers to Kannoosan-jo Castle.
- 小宮山綏介(1891年)は、『柳烟雑記』の統計を元に諸藩の在府者と家族の人口を12万1100人、旗本御家人と家族の人口を8万3403人、その家来・従事者5万8936人、合計約26万人程度と推定している。
- Yasusuke KOMIYAMA (1891) estimated based on the statistics from '柳烟雑記' that the total population of samurai households was around 260,000; 121,110 of domain-retained samurai and their family, 83,403 of hatamoto and their family, and 58,936 of their retainers and servants.
- 前項の規定の適用については、当該行為の相手方が次に掲げる者のいずれかであるときは、その相手方は、当該行為の当時、再生債務者が同項第二号の隠匿等の処分をする意思を有していたことを知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of the preceding paragraph, if the other party to the act in question is any of the following persons, the other party shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act, that the rehabilitation debtor had the intention of conducting concealment or other disposition set forth in item (ii) of said paragraph:
- 弁護士法人の社員が前項の規定に違反して自己又は第三者のためにその弁護士法人の業務の範囲に属する業務を行つたときは、当該業務によつて当該社員又は第三者が得た利益の額は、弁護士法人に生じた損害の額と推定する。
- If a member violates the provisions of the preceding paragraph and performs any undertaking within the scope of the Legal Professional Corporation's practice for his/her own or a third party's benefit, the amount of profit earned by that member or third party shall be presumed to be the amount of damages incurred by the Legal Professional Corporation.
- しかし『上宮聖徳法王帝説』や『元興寺縁起』は、欽明天皇の戊午年10月12日 (旧暦)(同年が欽明天皇治世下にないため(宣化3年)と推定されている)に仏教公伝されることを伝えており、こちらが通説になっている。
- However, according to 'Jogu Shotoku Hooteisetsu' (Biography of Shotoku Taishi) and 'The Origin of Gango-ji Temple,' official introduction of Buddhism was on October 12 in the Bogo year (in the old lunar calendar, and it is guessed to be in 537 because it was not under the reign of the Emperor Kinmei), which is commonly believed.
- たとえば、暗号によって政府機関が直面している問題が実際にはどのていどのものかという問題は、これまた公式にはとんでもない推定が出されているのに、もっと慎重でバイアスのない調査ではほとんど影響がないとされている。
- For example, the true extent of the law enforcement problem posed by cryptography is another issue on which official dire predictions have been made, while more careful and unbiased studies have shown little or no impact.
- 泰綱が吾妻鏡に登上する1230年頃の官職の記述が従五位下相当の修理職となっているから、下野守に任ぜられる前の1230年頃には既に従五位下の官位を余されており、その官位のまま下野守に任ぜられたものと推定される。
- Considering the fact that there was a record of Yasutsuna in Azuma Kagami (The Mirror of the East) stating that his official rank was Shurishiki (Office of Palace Repairs), which was equivalent to Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade, around 1230, it is presumed that he maintained that rank and was eventually appointed to the governor of Shimotsuke Province.
- 「サモラフ」は動詞「モラフ(候)」に語調を整える接頭語「サ」が接続したもので、「モラフ」は動詞「モル(窺・守)」に存在・継続の意の助動詞(動詞性接尾語ともいう)「フ」が接続して生まれた語であると推定されている。
- 'Samorafu' is a combination of the verb 'morafu' (meaning wait) and the prefix 'sa', which was added to fix the rhythm of the word, and the verb 'morafu' is thought to have come from the verb 'moru' (meaning lookout, guard) and the suffix 'fu', which was added to include the nuance of 'existence' or 'continuance'.
- 通常の取扱いによる郵便等によつて前項に規定する文書を発送した場合には、その郵便物又は民間事業者による信書の送達に関する法律第二条第三項に規定する信書便物は、通常到達すべきであつた時に送達があつたものと推定する。
- In the cases where the document prescribed in the preceding paragraph was sent by mail, etc. with ordinary handling, the postal item or the item of correspondence delivery prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Act on Correspondence Delivery by Private Business Operators is presumed to have been served at the time it should normally arrive.
- 通常の取扱いによる郵便又は信書便によって前項に規定する文書を発送した場合には、その郵便物又は信書便事業者が送達する信書便法第二条第三項に規定する信書便物は、通常到達すべきであった時に送達があったものと推定する。
- When a document prescribed in the preceding paragraph has been sent by ordinary postal mail or correspondence delivery, the postal item or the correspondence item prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Correspondence Delivery Act delivered by correspondence delivery business operators shall be presumed to have been served at the time when it should normally have arrived.
- わたしを含む多くの人たちが、なぜこの推定を精緻にして厳密にしようとがんばったのかもなぞだけれど、それよりさらに大きな謎は、1990年代後半になって、ほんとうにその鍵探索をやりだした人たちがいる、ということだ。
- If it a is mystery why so many of them, myself included, have worked to refine and solidify their estimates, it is an even greater mystery that in the late 1990s, some people have actually begun to carry out key searches.
- この頃の皇位継承のルールには、兄弟承継、大兄承継、群臣推挙、先帝遺詔(更に近年では即位要件に年齢制限(30歳以上)があったとする説もある)などがあり、これらが複雑にからんで皇位継承が行われていたと推定されている。
- There was a regulation in terms of Imperial succession in those days such as the succession between brothers, the succession of eldest brothers, being nominated by aides, following the will of a former Emperor, etc, (there was a theory developed from a recent study that there was an age limit, up to thirty years old, for succeeding to the throne), it is presumed after fulfilling such complicated requirements, Imperial succession was decided.
- 前項の規定の適用については、当該行為の相手方が第百六十一条第二項各号に掲げる者のいずれかであるときは、その相手方は、当該行為の当時、破産者が前項の隠匿等の処分をする意思を有していたことを知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of the preceding paragraph, if the other party to the act in question is any of the persons listed in the items of Article 161(2), the other party shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act, that the bankrupt had the intention of conducting concealment or other disposition set forth in the preceding paragraph.
- しかし公衆にたいする特定の義務に違反するわけでもなく、自分以外の特定の個人にかなりの傷を負わせるわけでもない行為によって、人が社会にたいしてひきおこす、単に偶然の、あるいは、言ってみれば、推定上の危害に関しては、
- But with regard to the merely contingent, or, as it may be called, constructive injury which a person causes to society, by conduct which neither violates any specific duty to the public, nor occasions perceptible hurt to any assignable individual except himself;
- この最初の駿河下向と家督争い調停については、黒田基樹は新説による早雲の推定年齢の若さ(20歳)と、事件に付いて記している『鎌倉大草紙』には早雲の名が見えないことから考えて、このエピソードの実在に疑問を呈している。
- Regarding his journey to Suruga and mediation over the family succession, Motoki KURODA's new theory states that at the time Soun was estimated to be 20 years old and his name does not appear in the 'Kamakura Ozoshi (Document on battles during the Muromachi Period),' undermining the credibility of the episode.
- 他人の意匠権又は専用実施権を侵害した者は、その侵害の行為について過失があつたものと推定する。ただし、第十四条第一項の規定により秘密にすることを請求した意匠に係る意匠権又は専用実施権の侵害については、この限りでない。
- An infringer of a design right or an exclusive license of another person is presumed negligent in the commission of the said act of infringement; provided, however, that this shall not apply to a design for which secrecy is requested under Article 14(1).
- 寛治6年(1092年)6月の陸奥守藤原基家 (陸奥守)の解文では、清衡に合戦の企ての嫌疑がかけられているが、この頃陸奥押領使となったのではないかと推定されている(任押領使を寛治3年(1089年)とする見解もある)。
- In June 1092, Governor of Mutsu Province FUJIWARA no Motoie wrote an official letter alleging that Kiyohira might be plotting an attack, and it is presumed to be around that time that he became Oryoshi (Suppression and Control Agent) (there is another theory saying that he was appointed as Oryoshi in 1089).
- 一帯は河原院の庭の中の島「籬の島」が鴨川の氾濫によって埋没したものと伝えられた「籬の森」の跡で、石碑の隣にある老木の榎は森にあった木の最後の1本であるというが、石碑の位置は河原院の推定地より少しだけ外にはみ出ている。
- The area around it is the site of 'Magaki no Mori' (literally, woods of fences) generated over 'Magaki no Shima' (literally, an island of fences), an island in the garden of Kawarano-in, which was buried due to a flood of the Kamo-gawa River, and it is said that the aged hackberry is the last remaining tree of the woods, but the location of the stone monument is just outside the estimated site of Kawarano-in.
- 江戸時代の記録通りに配置されていた家形石棺はどちらも蓋近くまで泥で埋まっており、蓋に付く縄掛け突起の特長から、手前の石棺は刳抜式で6世紀の第3四半世紀に、奥の石棺は7世紀の第1四半世紀にそれぞれ造られたと推定された。
- Both of the house-shaped stone coffins which had been placed as recorded in the Edo period document were covered close to the lid with mud and from their characteristic projects for roping the coffins the front coffin was presumed to be a hollowed-out type and made in the third quarter of the 6th century and the back one in the first quarter of the 7th century.
- 古寛永の総鋳造高については詳しい記録が見当たらず不明であるが、鋳銭目標などから推定した数値では325万貫文(32億5千万枚)とされた。この内、鳥越銭が30万貫文(3億枚)、沓谷銭は20万貫文(2億枚)との記録もある。
- Although the total minted amount of Ko-Kanei is unknown because no detailed records remain, the amount was estimated from the target amount of minted coins to be 3.25 million kanmon (1,000 kanmon equaling 10,000 yen) (3.25 billion coins).
- その他、室が益子正隆の娘であったことや、次代宗綱が八田姓とされる点などから、その勢力は下野国のみならず常陸国西部付近(茨城県下館市付近)にも達しており、芳賀氏、益子氏、八田氏をその勢力下に置いていたと推定されている。
- Further, from the fact that Soen's wife was a daughter of Masataka MASHIKO and that Soen's heir Munetsuna assumed the family name Hatta, Soen is likely to have extended power over not only Shimotsuke Province but also in the vicinity of the Western part of Hitachi Province (in the vicinity of Shimodate City, Ibaraki Prefecture), supposedly keeping the Haga, Mashiko and Hatta clans under control.
- これらの遺跡より、6世紀後半から8世紀初めまでの白河地方の中心地はこの一帯(福島県西白河郡泉崎村南部・白河市北部地域)と推定され、泉崎横穴を含めたこれらの遺跡群は白河国造から古代白河郡への変遷を解明する上で重要である。
- In view of these remains, the central area of the Shirakawa region from the late sixth century to the early eighth century is presumed to have been this area (the southern part of Izumizaki Village, Nishishirakawa County, Fukushima Prefecture and the northern part of Shirakawa City) and these remains including Izumizaki Yokoana Cave are important for making clear the changes from the era of Shirakawa no Kuni no Miyatsuko (regional administrator of Shirakawa Province) to the ancient Shirakawa County.
- 通常の取扱いによる郵便又は信書便によつて前項に規定する文書を発送した場合には、その郵便物又は民間事業者による信書の送達に関する法律第二条第三項に規定する信書便物は、通常到達すべきであつた時に送達があつたものと推定する。
- Where a document prescribed in the preceding paragraph has been sent by ordinary mail or letter, the postal item or the letter item prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Act on the Service of Letters by Private Business Operators shall be presumed to have been serviced at the time when it shall arrive by ordinary.
- ただ、淳和院への別当設置と奨学院そのものの設置はともに元慶5年(881年)のことであり、当時の嵯峨源氏及び源氏全体の筆頭公卿であった源融またはその子の源昇が両院別当と源氏長者を兼ねた最初の人物であったと推定されている。
- However, judging from the fact that the post of Junnain betto was created in 881 and Shogakuin itself was founded in the same year, it is presumed that either MINAMOTO no Toru, who was then the highest-ranking court noble among the people of Saga-Genji as well as the whole of Minamoto clan, or his son MINAMOTO no Noboru was the first person who concurrently assumed the betto of both schools and Genji choja.
- 前項の規定の適用については、当該行為の相手方が第百二十七条の二第二項各号に掲げる者のいずれかであるときは、その相手方は、当該行為の当時、再生債務者が前項の隠匿等の処分をする意思を有していたことを知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of the preceding paragraph, if the other party to the act in question is any of the persons listed in the items of Article 127-2(2), the other party shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act, that the rehabilitation debtor had the intention of conducting concealment or other disposition set forth in the preceding paragraph.
- 肝吸虫は魯山人の好んだタニシから寄生したとする論説もあるが、肝吸虫の第一中間宿主となるマメタニシは人間の食用にならず、なおかつヒトへの感染は第二中間宿主のコイ科魚類の生食から起こることから、別の感染経路と推定されている。
- Although there is a view that he contracted the Chinese Liver Fluke from eating his favorite mud snails, the mini mud snails that are the initial intermediary host are not eaten by people, and since the parasite usually enters the human body through the eating of raw Koi (the secondary intermediary host), it is presumed there was another source of infection.
- 過去の人口推定値として海外でしばしば引用されるTertius Chandler(1987年)は、町奉行支配下の町人人口の3/8程度を武士人口とし、18万8千人(1701年)から約21万5千人(1854年)と見積もっている。
- Tertius Chandler, whose estimates for historical populations are frequently cited in other countries, estimated that three-eighths of the population of townspeople were samurai, and approximated the demographic shift from 188,000 in 1701 to 215,000 1854.
- ただ、寶月による0.6270も尺度を中世に普遍的に使われた曲尺として計算しているが、『伊呂波字類抄』は遅くとも平安末期には成立していたので、律令尺は、曲尺の0.97に当たるので現升の0.5722升に当たるものと推定される。
- The Hogetsu's amount of 0.6270 sho is calculated with the standard kane-jaku (a carpenter's iron square) which was used commonly in medieval Japan, however 'Irohajirui-sho' was compiled by the late Heian period at the latest when ritsuryo-jaku (the length measure established under the Ritsuryo system) was 0.97 times of the length of the kane-jaku, that is, it was 0.5722 sho in present day.
- 受託者が第三十条、第三十一条第一項及び第二項又は第三十二条第一項及び第二項の規定に違反する行為をした場合には、受託者は、当該行為によって受託者又はその利害関係人が得た利益の額と同額の損失を信託財産に生じさせたものと推定する。
- Where a trustee has carried out any act in violation of the provisions of Article 30, Article 31, paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) or Article 32, paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), the trustee shall be presumed to have caused a loss to the trust property in the same amount as the amount of the profit obtained by the trustee or an interested party thereof as a result of such act.
- また、物語内容に反体制な要素が認められることから当時権力を握っていた藤原氏の係累ではなく、漢学・仏教・民間伝承に精通し、仮名文字を操ることができ、貴重だった紙の入手も可能な人物で性別は男性だったのではないかと推定されている。
- Also, there is something antiestablishment in the tale, so the author couldn't have been a descendant of the Fujiwara clan who held power in those days, therefore it is considered that the tale would have been written by a male writer who was familiar with the study of the Chinese classics, Buddhism, folklore, and able to write kana letters on paper, which was precious.
- 遺贈の目的物が、他の物と付合し、又は混和した場合において、遺言者が第二百四十三条から第二百四十五条までの規定により合成物又は混和物の単独所有者又は共有者となったときは、その全部の所有権又は持分を遺贈の目的としたものと推定する。
- In the case of accession or mixture of the object of a testamentary gift with other Things, if a testator has become a sole owner or co-owner of a compound or mixture pursuant to the provisions of Articles 243 to 245 inclusive, that entire ownership, or share, shall be presumed to have been an object of the testamentary gift.
- 前項の規定による通知は、ファイルへの記録がされた時に前項の電子開示手続又は任意電子開示手続を行つた者から発せられたものとみなし、当該記録がされた後通常その出力に要する時間が経過した時に当該通知の相手方に到達したものと推定する。
- The notice made under the provision of the preceding paragraph shall be deemed to have been sent from a person who has conducted the Electronic Disclosure Procedures or Discretionary Electronic Disclosure Procedures set forth in the preceding paragraph when it has been recorded in the File, and shall be presumed to have reached the addressee of said notice at the time when the period of time normally required for the output thereof has elapsed after the completion of such recording.
- 今日、所有者の生産的労働がその所有権の確固たる根拠となっているのであるが、そればかりではなく、財産制度の発生も、2匹の鹿や1匹のビーバーあるいは12匹の魚を獲るというような、推定上の未開人の猟師の生産的労働にまで遡ることになる。
- Not only is the productive labor of the owner the definitive ground of his ownership today, but the derivation of the institution of property is similarly traced to the productive labor of that putative savage hunter who produced two deer or one beaver or twelve fish.
- 7世紀初頭に聖徳太子が建立した法隆寺の金堂薬師如来像の光背銘に、「池邊大宮治天下天皇」(用明天皇)、「小治田大宮治天下大王天皇」(推古天皇)とあり、治天下大王(あめのしたしろしめすおおきみ)の称号が用いられていたことが推定される。
- On the inscription on the halo of the statue of Yakushi Nyorai (the Healing Buddha) in the Kon-do (golden hall) of Horyu-ji Temple, erected by Prince Shotoku in the beginning of the seventh century, it says 'Ike no be no omiya amenoshitashiroshimesu tenno' (Emperor Yomei) and 'Owarida no Omiya amenoshitashiroshimesu okimi tenno' (Emperor Suiko), and it can be assumed that the title 'amenoshitashiroshimesu' was used.
- 労働契約の成立及び効力について第七条の規定による選択がないときは、当該労働契約の成立及び効力については、第八条第二項の規定にかかわらず、当該労働契約において労務を提供すべき地の法を当該労働契約に最も密接な関係がある地の法と推定する。
- In the absence of a choice of law under Article 7 with regard to the formation and effect of a labor contract, notwithstanding Article 8, paragraph (2), the law of the place where the work should be provided under the labor contract shall be presumed to be the law of the place with which the labor contract is most closely connected with regard to the formation and effect of the labor contract.
- 同年10月23日の奈良教育大学の発表によると、検出された建物跡は基壇の規模が正面54メートル、奥行27メートルと推定され、基壇を構成していたと思われる板状の凝灰岩や、柱の礎石を支えていたとみられる、石を敷き詰めた遺構などが出土した。
- According to the announcement made by Nara University of Education on October, 23 of the same year, the ruins of the structure had a stylobate estimated to be fifty-four meters wide and twenty-seven meters long, and platy tuff which apparently comprised the stylobate and structural remnants of spreading stones which apparently supported the cornerstones of the pillars, were unearthed as well.
- 行為能力の制限によって取り消すことができる債務を保証した者は、保証契約の時においてその取消しの原因を知っていたときは、主たる債務の不履行の場合又はその債務の取消しの場合においてこれと同一の目的を有する独立の債務を負担したものと推定する。
- If a guarantor, who has guaranteed an obligation which may be rescinded by reason of the principal obligor's limited capacity to act, was aware, at the time of entering into a contract guarantee, of the cause for its voidability, such guarantor shall be presumed to have assumed an independent obligation of the same subject in the event of nonperformance by the principal obligor or rescission of the obligation.
- 第一項に規定する場合における第百六十八条第二項の規定の適用については、当該行為の相手方が受託者等又は会計監査人であるときは、その相手方は、当該行為の当時、受託者等が同項の隠匿等の処分をする意思を有していたことを知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of Article 168(2) in the case referred to in paragraph (1), if the other party to the act in question is the trustee, etc. or accounting auditor, the other party shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act, that the trustee, etc. had the intention of conducting concealment or other disposition set forth in Article 168(2).
- 巻首にある系図からは天文 (元号)年間(1532~1555年)と推定され、更に冒頭の目録に無い3年分(北条本にもない)が含まれていることなどから、吉川本同様に島津家においても天文年間以降、更に収集と補訂が行われて成立したと見られている。
- It is estimated to be a work made during the Tenbun era (1532 to 1555) from a genealogy in the opening page, and it contains the entries of three years which were not included in the contents table (or Hojobon) either, therefore as well as Yoshikawabon, the manuscripts seem to have been collected, revised, and enlarged more after the Tenbun era in the Shimazu family too.
- 生年は不詳であるが、万寿元年12月13日 (旧暦)(1025年1月15日)に当時の貴族女性の成人の儀式に相当する着裳が行われており、当時の着裳が14歳前後数年のうちに行われていたことから、寛弘8年(1011年)頃の出生と推定されている。
- Her year of birth is not known for sure, but since her chakumo, or Coming of Age ceremony for female nobilities which took place around the age of 14 at that time, was held on January 21, 1025, it is estimated that she was born around 1011.
- 前項に規定する場合における第百六十一条第一項の規定の適用については、当該行為の相手方が受託者等又は会計監査人であるときは、その相手方は、当該行為の当時、受託者等が同項第二号の隠匿等の処分をする意思を有していたことを知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of Article 161(1) in the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the other party to the act in question is the trustee, etc. or accounting auditor, the other party shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act, that the trustee, etc. had the intention of conducting concealment or other disposition set forth in Article 161(1)(ii).
- 前節で述べたように、南蛮寺の建物自体は一切現存しておらず、その建築上の特徴は、同時代の日本人によって描かれた絵画資料(南蛮屏風等)、文字資料(主に宣教師の記録)、および教会跡と推定される遺跡の考古学的調査の結果から、以下のように推測される。
- As stated previously, the Nanban-ji Temple building itself no longer exists, but contemporary Japanese paintings (Nanban-ji folding screens etc.), written works (mainly the records of missionaries) and archaeological investigations of ruins thought to be those of churches have led to the following speculations as to the church's architectural characteristics.
- それにより古活字本開版の準備をしていた処に、黒田長政献上のものを含むめて、不足分8冊(白紙に近い紙)をそれまで入手していたものと同じ書式で書き写させて51冊とし、これを1605年(慶長10年)印行の底本としたのではと現在では推定されている。
- When he was preparing to publish old typographic books, it is assumed that he ordered copies of the missing eight volumes (which were almost all blank) including the ones presented by Nagamasa KURODA in the same format as the manuscript which he had already had until then, making 51 volumes and using it as an original text to publish in 1605.
- 16世紀中頃すなわち戦国時代より戦費調達および賞賜のための金銀需要が拡大し、日本各地において金鉱山および銀山の開発が活発となり増産が行われ、特に銀は世界一、二位を競うほどの産出高を誇るようになり、全世界の約三分の一を産出したと推定されている。
- Since the middle of the 16th century, namely the Sengoku period, demand for gold and silver increased for financing the war effort and for giving awards, and therefore gold and silver mines were actively developed to increase the production of gold and silver, especially the latter, the production of which was world's biggest and is estimated to have reached one third of the entire world's production.
- しかし、最初の築城者となるとまったく不明であり、あえて推定するならば、縣荘を支配していた、門川伊東氏関連かと思われるが、後述の「古城」や「中野城」あるいは「中城」との関係や、この地域を最近まで「本村」と呼んでいたことも考慮して考える必要がある。
- However, when it comes to the first builder, it is absolutely unknown, and rather if we were to guess, it could be someone related to Kadokawa Ito clan who occupied Agata no sho, however it is also necessary to consider the relationship with the 'Furushiro' (Old Castle), 'Nakano-jo Castle' or 'Naka no shiro Castle' mentioned later, as well as that this area was called 'Hon-mura' (main village) until recently.
- 農学博士の田中長三郎は文献調査および現地調査から鹿児島県長島(現鹿児島県出水郡長島町)がウンシュウミカンの原生地との説を唱え、1936年に当地で推定樹齢300年の古木(太平洋戦争中に枯死)が発見されたことからこの説で疑いないとされるようになった。
- Doctor of Agriculture, Chozaburo TANAKA advocated that origin of Citrus Unshu was Nagashima, Kagoshima Prefecture (today's Nagashima Town, Izumi District, Kagoshima Prefecture) through literature research and field study, and as the estimated age of a tree 300-year-old was found in 1936 (withered away during the Pacific War), no doubt have influenced this theory.
- 征夷大将軍の地位は東方の勢力を成敗する使命を暗示するもので、その裏には義仲の頼朝に対抗する意図が推定されるが、義仲政権はごく短期の政権に終わった(ただし近年では、義仲が任官したのは「征夷大将軍」ではなく、「征東大将軍」とする説が有力となっている。
- The position of Seii Taishogun had a hint of a mission to punish the eastern forces, and Yoshinaka's hidden intent to oppose Yoritomo has been surmised from that, but the Yoshinaka government was over very shortly (in fact, in recent years the story that says Yoshinaka was not 'Seii Taishogun' but 'Seito Taishogun' is gaining ground.
- また、記紀の史料批判により、継体天皇以前の編年は到底正しいとは言えず、このころの王家内部では文字による記録が常時取られていたとは考えがたいことから、記紀に伝えられた干支や系譜を元に倭の五王を推定するという試み自体をあまり意味がないとする意見も根強い。
- In agreement with the criticism on 'Kiki''s credibility as historical material and from the fact that the chronology before Emperor Keitai is far from truth, and that it is hard to believe that the Imperial family kept written records on a steady basis, some people strongly deny the meaning of the attempt to presume the five kings of Wa from the Oriental zodiac and the genealogy in 'Kiki'.
- 主に屋外の物品に砂ぼこりが付着して汚したり、周囲の見通し(視程)や日照を悪化させたり、交通に障害を与えたり、人間や家畜などが砂ぼこりを吸い込んで健康に悪影響を与えたりするなど、多数の被害が発生し、経済的損失は毎年7000億円を超えると推定されている。
- Kosa causes lots of damage described as in the following and the economical loss due to it is estimated to exceed 700 billion yen yearly: Dust from kosa adheres to things placed outdoors, making them dirty, degrades outdoor visibility, makes the sunlight reaching the ground weaker, obstructs traffic, and adversely affects the health of human beings and animals from inhaling the dust.
- 前項の規定の適用に当たっては、当該労働契約において労務を提供すべき地の法(その労務を提供すべき地を特定することができない場合にあっては、当該労働者を雇い入れた事業所の所在地の法。次項において同じ。)を当該労働契約に最も密接な関係がある地の法と推定する。
- For the purpose of the application of the preceding paragraph, the law of the place where the work should be provided under the labor contract (in cases where such place cannot be identified, the law of the place of business at which the worker was employed; the same shall apply in paragraph (3)) shall be presumed to be the law of the place with which the labor contract is most closely connected.
- 正確な元服年はわからないが、永正13年(1516年)には室町幕府10代将軍・足利義稙の偏諱を受けて「稙広」と名乗っている(足利義稙が義尹から義稙に改名した年月から推定すると、稙綱が元服したのは永正10年(1514年)から同13年までの間と考えられる)。
- The exact year of his genpuku (celebrate one's coming of age) is unknown, but in 1516, he was granted to use a portion of the real name of the 10th shogun in the Muromachi shogunate Yoshitane ASHIKAGA and called himself 'Tanehiro' (estimating from the year and month when Yoshitane Ashikaga changed his name from Yoshitada to Yoshitane, Tanetsuna's genpuku is considered to be between 1514 and 1517).
- 各居住区の内部は未調査であるが、村の西南部に河内や近江、紀伊など各地の搬入土器が多く出土する市的な場所、また、南部では木器の未成品や青銅器鋳造関連遺物や炉跡、北部ではサヌカイトの原石や剥片が纏まって出土する所などがあり、各種工人の居住の場所と推定される。
- The inside of each resident area remains uninvestigated, but these regions are presumed to have been living spaces for various craftworkers from the fact that in the southwest of the village there is a market-like place where earthen vessels carried in from Kawach, Omi, Ki and so on were found, in the south a place where unfinished wooden cups, remains related to bronze ware casting and remains of furnaces were found and in the north a place where raw stones of sanukite and their fragments were found in clusters.
- 雇用の期間が満了した後労働者が引き続きその労働に従事する場合において、使用者がこれを知りながら異議を述べないときは、従前の雇用と同一の条件で更に雇用をしたものと推定する。この場合において、各当事者は、第六百二十七条の規定により解約の申入れをすることができる。
- In cases where an employee continues to engage in his/her work after the expiration of a term of employment, if an employer knows of the same and raises no objection, it shall be presumed that the further employment is entered into under conditions identical to those of the previous employment. In such cases, each party may request to termination under the provisions of Article 627.
- 7世紀末まで日本列島を代表する政権は九州にありヤマト王権は一地方政権に過ぎなかったとする説もあるが、埼玉県稲荷山古墳と熊本県江田船山古墳から「ワカタケル大王」と推定される銘の鉄剣が出土していること、様々な考古学的遺物などから成立する余地はないと考えられている。
- There is an opinion that the main political regime of the Japanese Islands until the end of the seventh century existed in Kyushu and that the Yamato Kingdom was only one regional government, but since iron swords believed to be King Wakatakeru's were found in the Inariyama burial mound (Saitama prefecture) and the Eta Funayama burial mound (Kumamoto prefecture), this theory is not thought to be valid.
- 会社法第二百五十八条第一項及び第二項(権利の推定等)並びに第二百九十一条(新株予約権証券の喪失)の規定は、新優先出資引受権証券について準用する。この場合において、同法第二百五十八条中「証券発行新株予約権」とあるのは、「新優先出資引受権」と読み替えるものとする。
- The provisions of Article 258(1) and (2) (Presumption of Rights) and Article 291 (Loss of Share Option Certificates) of the Companies Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to Preferred Equity Subscription Warrants. In this case the term 'Share Options with Issued Certificate' in Article 258 of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Preferred Equity Subscription Rights.'
- (赤坂恒明氏) 『権記』に引用されている天暦七年の王氏爵不正事件に現れる、清和天皇の子孫でありながら陽成天皇子孫を詐称したとして罰せられた源経忠を経基あるいはその兄弟と推定し、頼信が願文で陽成天皇の子孫であることは真実であると主張して名誉回復を図ったと解釈する。
- (Tsuneaki AKASAKA) It assumed that MINAMOTO no Tsunetada, whose name appeared in Oujinojaku fusei jiken (the case of unauthorized use of the family name 'O') of 953 cited in 'Gonki' (FUJIWARA no Yukinari's diary) and was charged in representing himself as the descendant of Emperor Yozei (he was actually the descendant of Emperor Seiwa), was Tsunemoto or his brother, and interpreted that Yorinobu attempted to retrieve his honor by insisting in a petition that he was in fact the descendant of Emperor Yozei.
- なお、神火の発生は蝦夷征討期の東国に特に集中しており、森田悌は蝦夷征討によって東国において軍事的・経済的負担が強まり、政治的不満がこうした事件を引き起こす一因としてあったこと、国司の受領化によって国司と郡司の関係が変化したことが、神火事件減少の原因と推定している。
- And jinka happened especially centering on Togoku during the period of the subjection of indigenous inhabitants in eastern Japan, and for Tei MORITA, military and economical burdens became heavy in Togoku because of the subjection of indigenous inhabitants in eastern Japan and the political dissatisfaction made such incidents happen as one factor, and kokushi became zuryo (provincial governor) and thus the relation between kokushi and gunji changed, which is assumed to have been the cause of decrease of jinka incidents.
- 前項第一号の規定の適用については、次に掲げる場合には、債権者は、同号に掲げる行為の当時、同号イ又はロに掲げる場合の区分に応じ、それぞれ当該イ又はロに定める事実(同号イに掲げる場合にあっては、支払不能であったこと及び支払の停止があったこと)を知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of item (i) of the preceding paragraph, in the following cases, the creditor shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act set forth in said item, either of the facts set forth in (a) or (b) below for the cases listed in (a) or (b), respectively (in the case set forth in(a) of said item, both the facts that the rehabilitation debtor was unable to pay debts and that the rehabilitation debtor suspended payments):
- For the purpose of application of the provision of item (i) of the preceding paragraph, in the following cases, the creditor shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act set forth in said item, either of the facts set forth in (a) or (b) below for the cases listed in (a) or (b), respectively (in the case set forth in (a) of said item, both the facts that the bankrupt was unable to pay debts and that the bankrupt suspended payments):
- 賃貸借の期間が満了した後賃借人が賃借物の使用又は収益を継続する場合において、賃貸人がこれを知りながら異議を述べないときは、従前の賃貸借と同一の条件で更に賃貸借をしたものと推定する。この場合において、各当事者は、第六百十七条の規定により解約の申入れをすることができる。
- In cases where a lessee continues to make use or take the profits of the Thing after the expiration of the term of the lease, if a lessor who knows of the same raises no objection, it shall be presumed that a further lease is entered into under conditions identical to those of the previous lease. In such cases, each party may request to terminate in accordance with the provisions of Article 617.
- 商標権者又は専用使用権者が故意又は過失により自己の商標権又は専用使用権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、商標権者又は専用使用権者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- Where the holder of trademark right or of exclusive right to use claims against an infringer compensation for damage sustained as a result of the intentional or negligent infringement of the trademark right or the exclusive right to use, and the infringer earned profits from the act of infringement, the amount of profits earned by the infringer shall be presumed to be the amount of damage sustained by the holder of trademark right or of exclusive right to use.
- 意匠権者又は専用実施権者が故意又は過失により自己の意匠権又は専用実施権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、意匠権者又は専用実施権者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- Where a holder of design right or an exclusive licensee claims against an infringer compensation for damages sustained as a result of the intentional or negligent infringement of the design right or exclusive license, and the infringer earned profits from the act of infringement, the amount of profits earned by the infringer shall be presumed to be the amount of damages sustained by the holder of the design right or exclusive licensee.
- 元来は「妙法蓮華経(法華経)」8巻と開結経(かいけつきょう)2巻、すなわち、本経に先だって説かれる開経(かいきょう)の「無量義経」とむすびをなす結経(けちきょう)の「観普賢経(仏説観普賢菩薩行法経)」の合わせて10帖で一具をなし、扇紙は総計115枚であったと推定される。
- It originally consisted of 10 volumes; eight volumes of 'Myohorenge-kyo (Hokekyo)' and two volumes of Kaiketsu-kyo (sutras read before and after the main sutra) made up of the 'Muryo Gikyo,' to be read before the main sutra, and 'Kanfugenkyo (Bussetsu Kanfugenbosatsu Gyoho-kyo)' (Samantabhadra Contemplation Sutra) to be read after the main sutra, with the number of fan paintings estimated to be 115 in total.
- ここで信長が怒り狂った饗応の不手際とは、「太閤記」にあるような「魚が腐っていた」といった ような表の理由ではなく、実は、信長が饗応の機会を捉えて家康を暗殺するよう光秀に指示したがこれを光秀が拒んだのが真因だと解釈する等、信長に家康暗殺の意図があったことを推定する説が多い。
- In this regard, many views infer that Nobunaga had an intention to assassinate Ieyasu, for example, assuming that the reason why Nobunaga got angry was not mismanagement of entertaining such as 'rotten fish' in 'Taikoki,' but the real cause was that when Nobunaga ordered Mitsuhide to kill Ieyasu taking opportunity of entertainment but Mitsuhide refused this order.
- 特許権者又は専用 実施権者が故意又は過失により自己の特許権又は専用実施権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその 侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、特許権者又は専用実施権者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- Where a patentee or an exclusive licensee claims against an infringer compensation for damage sustained as a result of the intentional or negligent infringement of the patent right or exclusive license, and the infringer earned profits from the act of infringement, the amount of profits earned by the infringer shall be presumed to be the amount of damage sustained by the patentee or exclusive licensee.
- 八代の編年などの推定などいくつかの点は、確かに五味文彦らによって修整はされるが、八代国治が『吾妻鏡』の編纂者達を政所と問注所の吏員である大江広元の子孫(毛利、長井)、二階堂行政の子孫、三善康信の子孫達(大田、町野)ではないかとした点を、五味文彦は更に詳細に証明していった。
- Although some points like Yashiro's conjectures about chronology will certainly be revised by Fumihiko GOMI, he examined and illustrated in greater detail the compilers of 'Azuma Kagami,' who were, according to Kuniji YASHIRO, descendants (Mori and Nagai) of Hiromoto OE, an official of Mandokoro and Monchujo, a descendant of Yukimasa NIKAIDO, descendants (Ota and Machino) of Yasunobu MIYOSHI.
- 最も著名な例は1503年イタリア戦争中、スペイン軍人ゴンサロ・フェルナンデス・デ・コルドバが行った戦法で、急造の堀とその残土を利用した土手に拠った二千名と推定されるアルケブス銃兵を指揮して、押し寄せたフランス重騎兵団を粉砕し、スペインの覇権確立の重要な要因となった戦いがある。
- The most famous example is the tactics conducted by Spanish military personnel, Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba during the Italian Wars in 1503, where he commanded the Arquebusiers, whose number is estimated to have been 2000, positioned in a hastily built fosse and the embankment made with the remaining clod, that broke up the advancing French heavy cavalry troop, and these wars were an important factor leading to the establishment of Spanish hegemony.
- 一方、明治8年(1875年)に大蔵省が刊行した『新旧金銀貨幣鋳造高并流通年度取調書』の中で、世上流通高を10万両、海外流出高を410万両と見積もり、元禄小判などへの改鋳高を10,527,055両として推定した数値によれば、小判および一分金の合計で14,727,055両である。
- On the other hand, Koban and Ichibukin were cast 14,727,055 ryo in total,estimating the amount of circulation in the country 100,000 ryo and in the foreign countries 4,100,000 ryo and the amount of the reminted coin such as Genroku Koban 10,527,055 ryo, according to ' The Book of interrogation copy about the year and old high gold and silver coinage'.
- 『古事記』敏達段の押坂彦人大兄皇子の系譜に百済王の名は見えず、妃糠手姫皇女所生の多良王(たらのみこ、舒明天皇同母弟)である可能性(「久多良王」の「久」が脱落したか?)が大きいと推察される一方、妃大俣王所生の茅渟王(ちぬのみこ、皇極天皇・孝徳天皇の父)と同一人と推定する説もある。
- In 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), there was no name of Kudara no Okimi in Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko's genealogy in the Emperor Bidatsu's section, it is highly possible that the Kudara no Okimi was Tara no miko (a younger brother-uterine of the Emperor Jomei) who was born to Nukadehime no himemiko ('Ku' in 'Kutara no miko' may have been dropped?); on the other hand, there is another theory saying that he was Kinu no miko (the father of the Emperor Kogyoku and the Emperor Kotoku) born to Omata no miko.
- 育成者権者又は専 用利用権者が故意又は過失により自己の育成者権又は専用利用権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者が その侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、育成者権者又は専用利用権者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- Where the holder of a breeder's right or of an exclusive exploitation right claims, against a person who has intentionally or negligently infringed his/her breeder's right or exclusive exploitation right, compensation for damages caused to him by the infringement, if the person has gained any profits as a result of the act of infringement, the amount of the said profits shall be presumed to be the amount of damage suffered by the holder of the breeder's right or of the exclusive exploitation right
- 実用新案権者又は専用実施権者が故意又は過失により自己の実用新案権又は専用実施権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、実用新案権者又は専用実施権者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- Where a holder of a utility model right or an exclusive licensee claims against an infringer compensation for damage sustained as a result of the intentional or negligent infringement of said utility model right or exclusive license, and the infringer earned profits from the act of infringement, the amount of profits earned by the infringer shall be presumed to be the amount of damage sustained by the holder of utility model right or exclusive licensee.
- 著作物の原作品に、又は著作物の公衆への提供若しくは提示の際に、その氏名若しくは名称(以下「実名」という。)又はその雅号、筆名、略称その他実名に代えて用いられるもの(以下「変名」という。)として周知のものが著作者名として通常の方法により表示されている者は、その著作物の著作者と推定する。
- A person whose name or appellation (hereinafter referred to as "true name"), or whose widely known pen name, abbreviation or other substitute for his true name (hereinafter referred to as "pseudonym"), is indicated as the name of the author in the customary manner on the original of his work or when his work is offered to or made available to the public, shall be presumed to be the author of such work.
- 不正競争によって営業上の利益を侵害された者が故意又は過失により自己の営業上の利益を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、その営業上の利益を侵害された者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- Where a person whose business interests have been infringed by unfair competition claims damages, which he/she has incurred from such infringement, against the person who has intentionally or negligently infringed his/her business interests and where said person who committed the infringement has received profits through the act of infringement, the amount of such profits shall be presumed to be the amount of damages incurred by the person whose business interests were infringed.
- こ の法律は、電子署名に関し、電磁的記録の真正な成立の推定、特定認証業務に関する認定の制度その他必要な事項を定めることにより、電子署名の円滑な利用の 確保による情報の電磁的方式による流通及び情報処理の促進を図り、もって国民生活の向上及び国民経済の健全な発展に寄与することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to promote the distribution of information by electromagnetic forms and information processing through ensuring the smooth utilization of Electronic Signatures, and thereby to contribute to the improvement of the citizens' quality of life and the sound development of the national economy, by providing the presumption of authentic establishment of electromagnetic records, the accreditation system for designated certification businesses and other necessary matters, with respect to Electronic Signatures.
- 鏡山は、政庁域を方四町、観世音寺域を方三町と推定した場合、両者の南辺を東西線上に一致させることができること、かつその場合の政庁東辺と観世音寺西辺の間が二町となることをもって、一町を単位とする造成企画の存在を想定し、その適用範囲を広げると周囲の道路や畦畔に合致するものが多いことを指摘。
- Assuming the government district was 方四町 and the Kanzeon-ji Temple district was 方三町, Kagamiyama pointed out that the southern border of them could be aligned on an east-west axis, and also he found that the distance between the eastern border of the government district and the western border of the Kanzeon-ji Temple district was equal to two Cho (approx. 218 meters), then he made a hypothesis that a city development plan based on the Cho unit existed and that many peripheral streets and causeways would match with the idea when he expanded the coverage of the plan.
- 奈良時代の東大寺の伽藍は、南大門、中門、金堂(大仏殿)、講堂が南北方向に一直線に並び、講堂の北側には東・北・西に「コ」の字形に並ぶ僧房(僧の居所)、僧房の東には食堂(じきどう)があり、南大門-中門間の左右には東西2基の七重塔(高さ約100メートルと推定される)が回廊に囲まれて建っていた。
- In the temple of Todai-ji in the Nara Period, Nandai-mon Gate, Chumon Gate, Kon-do Hall (the Great Buddha Hall) and Kodo Hall were all in a line in a north to south direction, and on the north side of the Kodo Hall the priests' living quarters were layed out in a U-shape to the east, north and west; and on the left and right sides between the Nandai-mon Gate and Chumon Gate, there were two sets (east and west) of Nanajunoto (seven-story pagodas, approximately 100m tall) and corridors surrounding them.
- 回路配置利用権者又は専用利用権者が故意又は過失により自己の回路配置利用権又は専用利用権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、回路配置利用権者又は専用利用権者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- When the holder of a layout-design exploitation right or the holder of an exclusive exploitation right claims against an infringer for compensation for damages caused as a result of intentional or negligent infringement of his/her own layout-design exploitation right or exclusive exploitation right, and if the infringer has earned profits from such act of infringement, the amount of profits earned by the infringer shall be presumed to be the amount of damage sustained by the holder of a layout-design exploitation right or the holder of an exclusive exploitation right.
- 著作権者、出版権者又は著作隣接権者が故意又は過失によりその著作権、出版権又は著作隣接権を侵害した者に対しその侵害により自己が受けた損害の賠償を請求する場合において、その者がその侵害の行為により利益を受けているときは、その利益の額は、当該著作権者、出版権者又は著作隣接権者が受けた損害の額と推定する。
- In the case where the copyright holder, the holder of the right of publication or the holder of the neighboring rights asserts against a person who, intentionally or negligently, infringes on such holder's copyright, right of publication or neighboring rights, a claim for compensation for damages sustained, the profits, if any, obtained by the infringer by way of said his infringement will be presumed to be the amount of damages suffered by such copyright holder, holder of the right of publication or holder of the neighboring rights, as the case may be.
- しかも旧雑戸の人々は身分的に公民から雑戸に戻された訳ではない事は天平勝宝年間以後に雑戸籍が作成された事実が無いことからも明らかであり、旧雑戸の人々が徴用されたとしても、実際には律令で定められた雑徭の範疇で官司に奉仕したと考えられる(これは同様の解放経過を辿った馬飼のその後の待遇からも推定できる)。
- In addition, the rank of former zakko people was not changed from the citizen to zakko again, as is obvious from the fact that zakkoseki was not prepared after the Tenpyo-shoho era, thus they are thought in fact to have served government offices within the scope of zoyo defined under the ritsuryo codes even when requisitioned (this can also be assumed from the subsequent treatment of umakai which followed the similar emancipation process.)
- しかしながら、家康による古活字本開版の準備が1603年(慶長8年)には始まっていることから、この説には疑問もあり、楮紙の古い料紙の32冊と、楮紙の古い料紙に修善寺紙を用いた補入が施されている10冊、修善寺紙のみの1冊の計43巻を家康は1603年(慶長8年)以前に一括して手に入れていたと推定される。
- However, a doubt about this view arose because Ieyasu had already begun to prepare to publish old typographic books in 1603, and it is conjectured that in 1603 he had already got 32 bundles of kozo (paper mulberry), 10 bundles of kozo to which Shuzenji paper was added, and a bundle of Shuzenji paper only, which came to 43 bundles all together.
- 近年では吉村茂樹が、当時の災害異変が突出していないこと、後三条の病気(糖尿病と推定されている)が重篤化したのが退位後であることを理由として、摂関家を外戚に持たない実仁親王に皇位を継承させることによる王権の拡大を意図し、摂関政治への回帰を阻止したものであって院政の意図はなかったと主張し、通説化している。
- In recent years, Shigeki YOSHIMURA has been asserted on the grounds that there was no sharp rise in disasters/accidents at that time, and Gosanjo's illness (assumed to be diabetes) became significantly worse only after his abdication, and that this was intended for the expansion of sovereignty by having Imperial Prince Sanehito, who did not have Sekkan-ke as cognates, succeed to the throne, thereby preventing the return to Sekkan seiji; however, there was no intention to start insei, and consequently such a view has become accepted.
- 歴史学・日本文学の分野からの研究では、伊勢神宮外宮の神職であった度会氏が、外宮を内宮(祭神・天照大神)と同等以上の存在として格上げすることを目的に、祭神であるトヨウケビメを天之御中主神および国之常立神と同一神とすることで、天照大神をしのぐ普遍的神格であることを主張するために執筆されたと推定されている。
- In the study of history and Japanese literature, it is assumed that the Watarai clan, the Shinto priests of the outer Ise-jingu Shrine, wrote the books so as to raise the status of the outer shrine up to or higher than the Naiku (inner shrine - enshrined deity: Amaterasu Omikami, the Sun Goddess), insisting that its enshrined deity Toyoukebime was equivalent to Ame no Minakanushi no Kami (one of the gods in Japanese mythology) and Kuninotokotachi no mikoto and was the universal godhead superior to Amaterasu Omikami.
- 上神主・茂原官衙遺跡から出土した瓦片に刻まれた人名のひとつに近隣住民と思しき「雀部某」の文字が見られることや、この後間もなく、この遺跡の近隣に崇神天皇とされる御諸別命を祭祀する雀宮神社(現・宇都宮市)が建立されるなど、当時の下野国が大和朝廷と近しい関係にあったことを推定させるひとつの事象となっている。
- It is presumed that at that time Shimotsuke Province had a strong relationship with Yamato Dynasty; the letters of 'Sasakibe somebody,' who seemed an inhabitant there, was engraved on a piece of a tile excavated from the remain of Kamikounushi Mobara Kanga iseki; Suzumenomiya-jinja Shrine (present day, in Utsunomiya City) was established near that site and Mimorowake no Mikoto, who was considered Emperor Sujin, was enshrined there.
- 電磁的記録であって情報を表すために作成されたもの(公務員が職務上作成したものを除く。)は、当該電磁的記録に記録された情報について本人による電子署名(これを行うために必要な符号及び物件を適正に管理することにより、本人だけが行うことができることとなるものに限る。)が行われているときは、真正に成立したものと推定する。
- Any electromagnetic record that is made in order to express information (except for that prepared by a public official in the course of duties) shall be presumed to be established authentically if the Electronic Signature (limited to that which can be performed by the principal through appropriate management of codes and properties necessary to perform this) is performed by the principal with respect to information recorded in such electromagnetic record.
- 特許法第百三条(過失の推定)、第百四条の二から第百五条の六まで(具体的態様の明示義務、特許権者等の権利行使の制限、書類の提出等、損害計算のための鑑定、相当な損害額の認定、秘密保持命令、秘密保持命令の取消し及び訴訟記録の閲覧等の請求の通知等)及び第百六条(信用回復の措置)の規定は、商標権又は専用使用権の侵害に準用する。
- Articles 103 (Presumption of negligence), 104-2 to 105-6 (Obligation to clarify acts in concrete manner; Restriction on exercise of rights of patentee, etc.; Submission of documents, etc.; Expert opinion for calculation of damages; Determination of reasonable damages; Order to keep confidentiality; Rescission of confidentiality Order; Notification of petition requesting inspection of trial record, etc.) and 106 (Measures to restore credibility) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the infringement of a trademark right and an exclusive right to use.
- 投資法人が特定の投資主に対して無償で財産上の利益の供与をしたときは、当該投資法人は、投資主の権利の行使に関し、財産上の利益の供与をしたものと推定する。投資法人が特定の投資主に対して有償で財産上の利益の供与をした場合において、当該投資法人又はその子法人の受けた利益が当該財産上の利益に比して著しく少ないときも、同様とする。
- When an Investment Corporation has given property benefits without compensation to a particular Investor, said Investment Corporation shall, with regard to the exercise of the rights of an Investor, be presumed to have given property benefits. The same shall apply to cases where an Investment Corporation has given property benefits to a particular Investor with compensation if the benefits received by said Investment Corporation or its Subsidiary Corporation are much lower than the property benefits.
- この頃の所領は不明であるが、歴史学者の網野善彦は、文永2年(1265年)11月に兼光の曾祖父伊賀光宗の跡(後継者)として、若狭国耳西郷・日向浦の地頭職を継承したことが確認されている伊勢前司、及び、元亨4年(1324年)3月の日付がある大和国般若寺の文殊菩薩像墨書銘に見える施主前伊勢守藤原兼光を、伊賀兼光と推定している。
- Although his shoryo (territory) at this time is unknown, a historian Yoshihiko AMINO assumes that FUJIWARA no Kanemitsu as follows was Kanemitsu IGA; the former Governor of Ise Province who took over the position of Jitoshiki (manager and lord of manor) of the Jisei-kyo Village and Hyugaura in Wakasa Province in December 1265 as the heir of Mitsumune IGA, great grandfather of Kanemitsu, and a donor and former Ise no kami (Governor of Ise Province) who appears on Monju Bosatsuzo Bokushomei (statue of Manjusri [bodhisattva], ink inscriptions) of the Hannya-ji Temple in Yamato Province dated in April 1324.
- 特定目的会社が特定の社員等に対して無償で財産上の利益の供与をしたときは、当該特定目的会社は、社員等の権利の行使に関し、財産上の利益の供与をしたものと推定する。特定目的会社が特定の社員等に対して有償で財産上の利益の供与をした場合において、当該特定目的会社の受けた利益が当該財産上の利益に比して著しく少ないときも、同様とする。
- In cases where a Specific Purpose Company has given property benefits to a particular Member, etc. free of charge, said Specific Purpose Company shall be presumed to have given property benefits to said Member, etc. for his/her exercise of a right. The same shall apply where a Specific Purpose Company has given property benefits to a particular Member, etc. in return for compensation, if the benefits received by said Specific Purpose Company are significantly less than said property benefits.
- 鎌倉末期から南北朝時代における安東氏の支配領域は、安藤宗季(上記の季久とする説が有力)による譲り状や安藤師季に対する北畠顕家安堵状によると、陸奥国鼻和郡絹家島、尻引郷、行野辺郷、蝦夷の沙汰、糠部郡宇曾利郷、中浜御牧、湊、津軽西浜以下の地頭御代官職となっており、現在の青森県地方のうち八戸近辺を除く沿岸部のほとんどと推定されている。
- It is supposed that, the Ando clan's territory during the late Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts consisted of the major part of the coastal regions except for the vicinity of current Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture, according to the documents such as a letter of concession by Munenori ANDO (the widely-accepted theory is that it was the same person as the above mentioned Suehisa) and Akiie KITABATAKE's certificate for the land directed to Morosue ANDO, in which it is mentioned that the clan was in charge of Jitoondaikan (deputy military governor) in Kinuka-jima, Shirihiki-go and Ikunobe-go, Ezo no sata of Hanawa County, Mutsu Province and in Usori-go, Nakahama-mimaki and Minato Tsugaru-nishihama of Nukabe County, Mutsu Province, and others.
- 4代・6代~9代の天皇の名は明らかに和風諡号と考えられるが、記紀のより確実な史料による限り、和風諡号の制度ができたのは6世紀半ばごろであるし、神武・綏靖のように、伝えられる名が実名であるとすると、それに「神」がつくのも考え難く、やはり神話的ないし和風諡号的なものであるので、これらの天皇は後世になって皇統に列せられたものと推定できる。
- The names of the fourth and sixth to ninth generations of emperors are obviously Japanese-style posthumous names, but according to reliable descriptions in 'Kojiki' and 'Nihon Shoki,' Japanese-style posthumous names came to be used around the mid-sixth century; and although names like Jinmu and Suizei may sound like names of emperors used when they were alive, names that contain characters representing god (as in Jinmu) is unlikely to have been used as names of living persons, which leads us to believe that these were names for legendary characters or something similar to posthumous names and that, therefore, these emperors were added to the imperial lineage later in history.
- 第一項に規定する場合における第百六十二条第一項第一号の規定の適用については、債権者が受託者等又は会計監査人であるときは、その債権者は、同号に掲げる行為の当時、同号イ又はロに掲げる場合の区分に応じ、それぞれ当該イ又はロに定める事実(同号イに掲げる場合にあっては、支払不能であったこと及び支払の停止があったこと)を知っていたものと推定する。
- For the purpose of application of the provision of Article 162(1)(i) in the case referred to in paragraph (1), if the creditor is the trustee, etc. or accounting auditor, the creditor shall be presumed to have known, at the time of the act set forth in Article 162(1)(i), either of the facts set forth in (a) or (b) of Article 162(1)(i) for the cases listed in (a) or (b), respectively (in the case set forth in (a), both the facts that the bankrupt was unable to pay debts and that the bankrupt suspended payments).
- 土地に埋蔵されている文化財としての価値が認められる「遺構」、および、有形文化財としての価値が推定される「遺物」の範囲、すなわち、法的に「埋蔵文化財」として取り扱うことのできる範囲は、1998年(平成10年)9月29日付文化庁次長による都道府県教育委員会教育長あての「埋蔵文化財の保護と発掘調査の円滑化等について(通知)」、いわゆる平成10年の「円滑化通知」によって定義された。
- The scope of 'ancient structural remnant' that is recognized worth as a cultural property buried under the ground and 'relic' that is estimated to be worth as a tangible cultural property, or the legal scope of 'buried cultural property,' was defined by the 'notice concerning the protection of buried cultural properties and facilitation of their excavation researches, etc.,' issued by the Deputy Commissioner for Cultural Affairs to the Directors of the Prefectural Boards of Education as of September 29, 1998, or the so-called 'notice for facilitation' of 1998.
- ただし、厳密には「埋蔵文化財」といった場合、土地に埋蔵されている文化財としての価値が認められる遺構と文化財としての価値が推定される民法第241条の「埋蔵物」としての遺物のことを指しており、面的な遺跡及び遺跡の範囲としてとらえた場合は、第93条(旧第57条の2)の「貝塚、古墳その他埋蔵文化財を包蔵する土地として周知されている土地」として「周知の埋蔵文化財包蔵地」が定義されている。
- Specifically, however, 'buried cultural property' refers to an ancient structural remnant that is recognized worth as a cultural property buried under the ground and a relic, which is defined as a 'hidden treasure' under Article 241 of the Civil Codes, that is estimated to be worth as a cultural property, and in terms of the scope of remains, 'the well-known archaeological and/or historical subsoil' is defined as 'any site well-known to contain buried cultural property such as shell mounds, ancient tombs or others' under Article 93 of the Protection Law (Article 57-2 of the former Protection Law).
- さらに、草合わせをする2人の少女(法華経巻七扇8)、小鳥捕りをする少年(法華経巻七扇9)、柿もぎのようす(法華経巻六扇11)など子どもの遊戯や風物詩も画題となっており、紅葉を愛でる女房と栗拾いの婢女を描いた場面(法華経巻一扇10)、文を読む公卿と童女(法華経巻一扇9)、遊女と傀儡子(または男巫)が今様を歌って道祖神に報宴し、神霊を慰めているのではないかと推定される場面などを描いたものもある。
- Furthermore, the subjects of the paintings include children's play and seasonal images, such as two girls comparing grasses they have gathered in a game of kusa-awase (the eighth fan of 'hokekyo' vol. 7), a boy trying to catch a little bird (the ninth fan of 'hokkekyo' vol. 7) and the persimmon harvest (the 11th fan of 'hokkekyo' vol. 6), as well as a scene of a court lady admiring the autumn leaves and a serving girl collecting chestnuts (the 10th fan of 'hokkekyo' vol. 1), a little girl and a court official reading a letter (the ninth fan of 'hokkekyo' vol. 1) and even a scene of a prostitute and a puppet player (or sorcerer) singing Imayo (a popular style of song in the Heian period) as offerings to guardian deity of travelers, Doso-jin, probably to comfort the spirit.
- 前項の場合において、法律行為において特徴的な給付を当事者の一方のみが行うものであるときは、その給付を行う当事者の常居所地法(その当事者が当該法律行為に関係する事業所を有する場合にあっては当該事業所の所在地の法、その当事者が当該法律行為に関係する二以上の事業所で法を異にする地に所在するものを有する場合にあってはその主たる事業所の所在地の法)を当該法律行為に最も密接な関係がある地の法と推定する。
- In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if only one of the parties is to provide a characteristic performance involved in a juridical act, the law of the habitual residence of the party providing said performance (in cases where said party has a place of business connected with the juridical act, the law of the place of business; in cases where said party has two or more such places of business which are connected with the juridical act and which are governed by different laws, the law of the principal place of business) shall be presumed to be the law of the place with which the act is most closely connected.
- 更新が既に進行中です。利用者がウィキにアクセスするたびに少量の塊のデータを更新するだけなので、更新がゆっくりとしか進まないのは正常なことです。この更新をより速く終えたい場合は、MediaWiki のメンテナンススクリプト runJobs.php を起動できます (1つのバッチでなされる更新の数を制限するために --maxjobs 1000 オプションを用いてください)。現在の更新の推定進捗:
- An update is already in progress.It is normal that the update progresses only slowly since it only refreshes data in small chunks each time a user accesses the wiki.To finish this update more quickly, you can invoke the MediaWiki maintenance script runJobs.php (use the option --maxjobs 1000 to restrict the number of updates done in one batch).Estimated progress of current update:
- 預託等取引業者は、預託等取引契約が解除された場合には、損害賠償額の予定又は違約金の定めがあるときにおいても、当該預託等取引契約が締結された時における当該特定商品又は施設利用権の価額の百分の十に相当する額を超える額の金銭の支払を預託者に対して請求することができない。この場合において、第三条第二項の書面に記載された商品又は施設利用権の価額は、預託等取引契約が締結された時における当該特定商品又は施設利用権の価額と推定する。
- Where a deposit, etc. transaction agreement has been cancelled, the deposit, etc. servicer may not request the depositor to pay an amount of money exceeding the equivalent of 10 percent of the price of said specified commodities or facility use rights at the time said deposit, etc. transaction agreement was concluded, even if there is any agreement for liquidated damages or provisions on damages for breach of contract. In this case, the price of the commodities or facility use rights stated in the document set forth in Article 3, paragraph (2) shall be deemed to be the price of said specified commodities or facility use rights at the time the deposit, etc. transaction agreement was concluded.
- 前項本文の場合において、当該書類の虚偽記載等の事実の公表がされたときは、当該虚偽記載等の事実の公表がされた日(以下この項において「公表日」という。)前一年以内に当該有価証券を取得し、当該公表日において引き続き当該有価証券を所有する者は、当該公表日前一月間の当該有価証券の市場価額(市場価額がないときは、処分推定価額。以下この項において同じ。)の平均額から当該公表日後一月間の当該有価証券の市場価額の平均額を控除した額を、当該書類の虚偽記載等により生じた損害の額とすることができる。
- In the case referred to in the main clause of the preceding paragraph, when Public Announcement of the Fake Statement, etc. is made, with regard to a person who acquired the Securities within one year prior to the day when the Fake Statement, etc. is announced (hereinafter referred to as the 'Day of Announcement' in this paragraph) and continues to hold the Securities at the Day of Announcement, the amount calculated by deducting the average market value (or, where no market value exists, their estimated disposal value; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) during one month after the Day of Announcement from the average market value during one month prior to the Day of Announcement may be presumed as the amount of damage.
- 会社法第百三十一条第二項(権利の推定等)の規定は優先出資証券について、同法第百三十二条第一項及び第二項(株主の請求によらない株主名簿記載事項の記載又は記録)並びに第百三十三条(株主の請求による株主名簿記載事項の記載又は記録)の規定は特定目的会社の優先出資について、それぞれ準用する。この場合において、これらの規定中「株主」とあるのは「優先出資社員」と、「株主名簿記載事項」とあるのは「資産流動化法第四十三条第一項各号に掲げる事項」と、「株主名簿」とあるのは「優先出資社員名簿」と、同法第百三十一条第二項中「株式」とあるのは「優先出資」と、同法第百三十二条第一項第三号中「自己株式」とあるのは「自己優先出資(資産流動化法第五十九条第二項に規定する自己優先出資をいう。)」と読み替えるものとする。
- The provisions of Article 131(2) (Presumption of Rights) of the Companies Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to a Preferred Equity Security, and the provisions of Article 132(1) and (2) (Stating or Recording of Matters to Be Stated in Shareholder Registry Not Requested by Shareholders) and Article 133 (Stating or Recording of Matters to Be Stated in Shareholder Registry at Request of Shareholders) of that Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to Preferred Equity of a Specific Purpose Company. In this case, the terms 'shareholder' and 'shareholders' in these provisions shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Preferred Equity Member' and 'Preferred Equity Members' respectively, the phrase 'Matters to be Stated in the Shareholder Registry' in these provisions shall be deemed to be replaced with 'matters listed in the items of Article 43(1) of the Asset Securitization Act,' the term 'shareholder registry' in these provisions shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Preferred Equity Member Registry,' the term 'shares' in Article 131(2) of the Companies Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Preferred Equity,' and the term 'Treasury Shares' in Article 132(1)(iii) of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'The Company's Own Specified Equity (meaning a Company's Own Specified Equity as defined in Article 59(2) of the Asset Securitization Act).'
- 船舶が沈没し、転覆し、滅失し、若しくは行方不明となつた際現にその船舶に乗つていた労働者若しくは船舶に乗つていてその船舶の航行中に行方不明となつた労働者の生死が三箇月間わからない場合又はこれらの労働者の死亡が三箇月以内に明らかとなり、かつ、その死亡の時期がわからない場合には、遺族補償給付、葬祭料、遺族給付及び葬祭給付の支給に関する規定の適用については、その船舶が沈没し、転覆し、滅失し、若しくは行方不明となつた日又は労働者が行方不明となつた日に、当該労働者は、死亡したものと推定する。航空機が墜落し、滅失し、若しくは行方不明となつた際現にその航空機に乗つていた労働者若しくは航空機に乗つていてその航空機の航行中行方不明となつた労働者の生死が三箇月間わからない場合又はこれらの労働者の死亡が三箇月以内に明らかとなり、かつ、その死亡の時期がわからない場合にも、同様とする。
- Where it is not known for three months whether a worker who was on board a vessel when it sank, capsized, was lost or went missing or who was on board a vessel and went missing during its navigation is dead or alive, or where the death of such worker becomes apparent within three months but the time of death is not known, said worker shall, for the purpose of the application of the provisions relating to the payment of compensation benefits for surviving family, funeral rites benefits, benefits for surviving family and funeral benefits, be presumed to have died on the day on which the vessel sank, capsized, was lost or went missing or on the day on which the worker went missing. The same shall apply where it is not known for three months whether a worker who was on board an aircraft when it crashed, was lost or went missing or who was on board an aircraft and went missing during its flight is dead or alive, or where the death of such worker becomes apparent within three months but the time of death is not known.
- 都道府県知事は、混合型特定施設入居者生活介護(介護専用型特定施設以外の特定施設に入居している要介護者について行われる特定施設入居者生活介護をいう。以下同じ。)につき第一項の申請があった場合において、当該申請に係る事業所の所在地を含む区域(第百十八条第二項第一号の規定により当該都道府県が定める区域とする。)における混合型特定施設入居者生活介護の推定利用定員(厚生労働省令で定めるところにより算定した定員をいう。)の総数が、同条第一項の規定により当該都道府県が定める都道府県介護保険事業支援計画において定めるその区域の混合型特定施設入居者生活介護の必要利用定員総数に既に達しているか、又は当該申請に係る事業者の指定によってこれを超えることになると認めるとき、その他の当該都道府県介護保険事業支援計画の達成に支障を生ずるおそれがあると認めるときは、第四十一条第一項本文の指定をしないことができる。
- In a case of an application as set forth in paragraph (1) for Daily Life Activities of a Long-Term Care Patient Admitted to a Combined Specified Facility (which means Daily Life Long-Term Care Admitted to a Specified Facility provided for a Person Requiring Long-Term Care who is a resident in a Specified Facility other than a Specialized Long-Term Care Specified Facility; the same shall apply herein), a prefectural governor, when the total of assumed capacity of users of Daily Life Activities of a Long-Term Care Patient Admitted to a Combined Specified Facility (which means a capacity calculated pursuant to the provisions of an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare) in the area including the location of the Business Office pertaining to said application (which means an area provided by said prefecture pursuant to the provisions of Article 118, paragraph (2), item (i)) has been reached or is it determined that said capacity will be exceeded by the appointment as service provider pertaining to said application the total of prospective capacity of necessary users of Daily Life Activities of a Long-Term Care Patient Admitted to a Combined Specified Facility (which means a capacity calculated pursuant to the provisions of an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare) in said area provided by a Prefectural Insured Long-Term Care Support Project Plan provided by said prefecture pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the same Article, or when it is determined that said application may interfere with the accomplishment of said Prefectural Insured Long-Term Care Support Project Plan, may determine not to execute an appointment as service provider as set forth in the main clause of Article 41, paragraph (1).
- 当該公開買付けをした者が公開買付届出書に記載されたあん分比例方式と異なる方式で株券等の買付け等をした場合 当該あん分比例方式で計算した場合に前項の規定による請求権者から買付け等がされるべき株券等の数から当該公開買付けをした者が当該請求権者から買付け等をした株券等の数を控除した数(当該請求権者から買付け等をしなかつた場合には、当該あん分比例方式で計算した場合に当該請求権者から買付け等がされるべき株券等の数とする。)に公開買付価格(前条第一項に該当する場合にあつては同条第二項に規定する公開買付者が支払つた価格、前号に掲げる場合に該当する場合にあつては同号に定める有利な価格とし、そのいずれにも該当する場合にあつてはそのいずれか有利な価格とする。)から前項の規定による損害賠償を請求する時における当該株券等の市場価格(市場価格がないときはその時における処分推定価格とし、当該請求時前に当該株券等を処分した場合においてはその処分価格とする。)を控除した金額を乗じた額
- in the case where the Tender Offer Purchaser makes Purchase, etc. of the Share Certificates, etc. using a method different from the method of proportional distribution stated in the Tender Offer Notification: the amount calculated by multiplying the difference between the number of the Share Certificates, etc. of which Purchase, etc. should be made by the Tender Offer Purchaser from the person entitled to claim damages under the preceding paragraph if the Tender Offer Purchaser uses the method of proportional distribution and the number of Share Certificates, etc. of which Purchase, etc. was actually made by the Tender Offer Purchaser from the person entitled to claim damages (in cases where the Tender Offer Purchaser did not make Purchase, etc. of any of Share Certificates, etc. from the person entitled to claim damages, the number of the Share Certificates, etc. of which Purchase, etc. should be made by the Tender Offer Purchaser from the person entitled to claim damages if the method of proportional distribution is used) by the difference between the Tender Offer Price (or the price paid by the Tender Offeror as specified in Article 27-17(2) in the case where paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is also applicable, the favorable price referred to in the preceding item in the case where the preceding item is also applicable, or the more favorable one between them in the case where both Article 27-17(1) and the preceding item are also applicable) and the market price of the Share Certificates, etc. at the time when the damages are claimed under the preceding paragraph (or estimated disposal price in the case where there is no market price for the Share Certificates, etc., or disposal price in the case where the Share Certificates, etc. was disposed of before the damages is claimed).
- 信託法第百九十三条(共有者による権利の行使)、第百九十六条第二項(権利の推定等)、第百九十九条(受益証券の発行された受益権の質入れ)、第二百条第一項(受益証券発行信託における受益権の質入れの対抗要件)、第二百一条第一項(質権に関する受益権原簿の記載等)、第二百四条(受益権の併合又は分割に係る受益権原簿の記載等)及び第二百八条(第七項を除く。)(受益証券不所持の申出)の規定は、特定目的信託の受益権について準用する。この場合において、同法第百九十九条及び第二百条第一項中「受益証券発行信託の受益権(第百八十五条第二項の定めのある受益権を除く。)」とあるのは「特定目的信託の受益権」と、同法第二百一条第一項中「受益証券発行信託の受益権」とあるのは「特定目的信託の受益権」と、同法第二百八条第一項中「受益証券発行信託の受益者」とあるのは「受益証券の権利者」と、同条第二項中「受益権の内容」とあるのは「特定目的信託の受益権の元本持分(種類の異なる受益権を定めた場合にあっては、受益権の種類及び種類ごとの元本持分又は利益持分)」と読み替えるものとするほか、必要な技術的読替えは、政令で定める。
- The provisions of Article 193 (Exercise of Rights by Co-owners), Article 196(2) (Presumption of Rights), Article 199 (Pledge of a Beneficial Interest for which Beneficiary Securities Have Been Issued), Article 200(1) (Perfection of Pledges of a Beneficial Interest in Trust for which Beneficiary Securities Have Been Issued), Article 201(1) (Statements in the Beneficial Interest Registry Concerning Pledges, etc.), Article 204 (Statements in Beneficial Interest Registry Pertaining to the Consolidation or Division of Beneficial Interest, etc.), and Article 208 (excluding paragraph (7)) (Offers Not to Hold Beneficiary Securities) of the Trust Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to beneficial interest in a Specific Purpose Trust. In this case, the phrase 'beneficial interest in a Trust for which Beneficiary Securities Have Been Issued (excluding beneficial interest under the provisions set forth in Article 185(2))' in Article 199 and Article 200(1) of the Trust Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'beneficial interest in a Specific Purpose Trust,' the phrase 'beneficial interest in a Trust for which Beneficiary Securities Have Been Issued' in Article 201(1) of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'beneficial interest in a Specific Purpose Trust,' the phrase 'beneficiaries of a Trust for which Beneficiary Securities Have Been Issued' in Article 208(1) of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Beneficiary Certificate Holders,' the phrase 'details of the beneficial interest' in paragraph (2) of that Article shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Share of Principal relating to the beneficial interest in the Specific Purpose Trust (in cases where multiple classes of beneficial interest are provided for, the classes of beneficial interest and the Share of Principal or Share of Interest relating to each class),' and any other necessary technical replacement of terms shall be specified by a Cabinet Order.
- 国税庁の当該職員又は法人の納税地の所轄税務署若しくは所轄国税局の当該職員が、法人にその各事業年度における国外関連取引に係る第一項に規定する独立企業間価格を算定するために必要と認められる帳簿書類(その作成又は保存に代えて電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他の人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。)の作成又は保存がされている場合における当該電磁的記録を含む。次項、第九項及び第十二項第二号において同じ。)又はその写しの提示又は提出を求めた場合において、当該法人がこれらを遅滞なく提示し、又は提出しなかつたときは、税務署長は、次の各号に掲げる方法(第二号に掲げる方法は、第一号に掲げる方法を用いることができない場合に限り、用いることができる。)により算定した金額を当該独立企業間価格と推定して、当該法人の当該事業年度の所得の金額若しくは欠損金額又は解散による清算所得の金額につき法人税法第二条第四十三号に規定する更正(第十六項において「更正」という。)又は同条第四十四号に規定する決定(第十六項において「決定」という。)をすることができる。
- Where the relevant official of the National Tax Agency or the relevant official of the Tax Office or Regional Taxation Bureau having jurisdiction over a corporation's place for tax payment has requested the corporation to present or submit the books and documents that are considered to be necessary for the calculation of the arm's length price prescribed in paragraph (1) which pertains to a foreign affiliated transaction conducted by the corporation in each business year or copies of such books and documents (in the case where the corporation, instead of preparing or preserving such books and documents, prepares or preserves electromagnetic records (meaning records made in an electronic form, a magnetic form, or any other form not recognizable to human perception, which are used in information processing by computers), such electromagnetic records shall be included; the same shall apply in the next paragraph, paragraph (9) and paragraph (12)(ii)), if the said corporation has failed to present or submit these books and documents or copies thereof without delay, the district director may presume the amount calculated by the method listed in any of the following items (the method listed in item (ii) may be applied only where the method listed in (i) is unavailable) to be the said arm's length price, and thereby make a reassessment prescribed in Article 2(xliii) of the Corporation Tax Act (referred to in paragraph (16) as a 'reassessment') or a determination prescribed in item (xliv) of the said Article (referred to in paragraph (16) as a 'determination') with respect to the said corporation's amount of income or amount of loss for the relevant business year or the amount of liquidation income arising from its dissolution:
- 国税庁の当該職員、連結親法人の納税地の所轄税務署若しくは所轄国税局の当該職員又は連結子法人の本店若しくは主たる事務所の所在地の所轄税務署若しくは所轄国税局の当該職員が、当該連結法人にその各連結事業年度における国外関連取引に係る第一項に規定する独立企業間価格を算定するために必要と認められる帳簿書類(その作成又は保存に代えて電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他の人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。)の作成又は保存がされている場合における当該電磁的記録を含む。以下この条において同じ。)又はその写しの提示又は提出を求めた場合において、当該連結法人がこれらを遅滞なく提示し、又は提出しなかつたときは、税務署長は、次の各号に掲げる方法(第二号に掲げる方法は、第一号に掲げる方法を用いることができない場合に限り、用いることができる。)により算定した金額を当該独立企業間価格と推定して、当該連結事業年度の連結所得の金額又は連結欠損金額につき法人税法第二条第四十三号に規定する更正(第十六項において「更正」という。)又は同条第四十四号に規定する決定(第十六項において「決定」という。)をすることができる。
- Where the relevant official of the National Tax Agency, the relevant official of the Tax Office or Regional Taxation Bureau having jurisdiction over a consolidated parent corporation's place for tax payment or the relevant official of the Tax Office or Regional Taxation Bureau having jurisdiction over the location of the head office or principal office of a consolidated subsidiary corporation has requested the said consolidated corporation to present or submit the books and documents that are considered to be necessary for the calculation of the arm's length price prescribed in paragraph (1) which pertains to a foreign affiliated transaction conducted by the consolidated corporation in each consolidated business year or copies of such books and documents (in the case where the consolidated corporation, instead of preparing or preserving such books and documents, prepares or preserves electromagnetic records (meaning records made in an electronic form, a magnetic form, or any other form not recognizable to human perception, which are used in information processing by computers), such electromagnetic records shall be included; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article), if the said consolidated corporation has failed to present or submit these books and documents or copies thereof without delay, the district director may presume the amount calculated by the method listed in any of the following items (the method listed in item (ii) may be applied only where the method listed in (i) is unavailable) to be the said arm's length price, and thereby make a reassessment prescribed in Article 2(xliii) of the Corporation Tax Act (referred to in paragraph (16) as a 'reassessment') or a determination prescribed in item (xliv) of the said Article (referred to in paragraph (16) as a 'determination') with respect to the said consolidated corporation's amount of consolidated income or amount of consolidated loss for the relevant consolidated business year:
- 会社法第六百八十条から第七百一条まで(第六百八十四条第四項及び第五項を除く。)(募集社債の社債権者、社債原簿、社債原簿記載事項を記載した書面の交付等、社債原簿管理人、社債原簿の備置き及び閲覧等、社債権者に対する通知等、共有者による権利の行使、社債券を発行する場合の社債の譲渡、社債の譲渡の対抗要件、権利の推定等、社債権者の請求によらない社債原簿記載事項の記載又は記録、社債権者の請求による社債原簿記載事項の記載又は記録、社債券を発行する場合の社債の質入れ、社債の質入れの対抗要件、質権に関する社債原簿の記載等、質権に関する社債原簿の記載事項を記載した書面の交付等、信託財産に属する社債についての対抗要件等、社債券の発行、社債券の記載事項、記名式と無記名式との間の転換、社債券の喪失、利札が欠けている場合における社債の償還、社債の償還請求権等の消滅時効)の規定は、特定目的会社が特定社債を発行する場合における特定社債、特定社債権者、特定社債券又は特定社債原簿について準用する。この場合において、これらの規定中「社債原簿記載事項」、「社債発行会社」及び「無記名社債」とあるのは、それぞれ「特定社債原簿記載事項」、「特定社債発行会社」及び「無記名特定社債」と、同法第六百八十条中「募集社債」とあるのは「募集特定社債」と、同条第二号中「前条」とあるのは「資産流動化法第百二十四条」と、同法第六百八十一条第一号中「第六百七十六条第三号から第八号まで」とあるのは「資産流動化法第百二十二条第一項第六号から第十一号まで」と、同法第六百八十三条及び第六百八十四条第一項中「社債原簿管理人」とあるのは「特定社債原簿管理人」と、同法第六百八十五条第五項中「第七百二十条第一項」とあるのは「資産流動化法第百二十九条第二項において準用する第七百二十条第一項」と、同法第六百九十八条中「第六百七十六条第七号」とあるのは「資産流動化法第百二十二条第一項第十号」と読み替えるものとするほか、必要な技術的読替えは、政令で定める。
- The provisions of Article 680 to Article 701 (excluding Article 684(4) and (5)) (Bondholders of Bonds for Subscription; Bond Registry; Delivery of Documents Stating Matters to Be Stated in Bond Registry; Manager of Bond Registry; Keeping and Making Available for Inspection of Bond Registry; Notices to Bondholders; Exercise of Rights by Co-owners; Perfection of Assignment of Bonds; Presumption of Rights; Stating or Recording Matters to be Stated in Bond Registry without Request from Bondholders; Stating or Recording Matters to Be Stated in Bond Registry as Requested by Bondholders; Pledges of Bonds with Issued Certificates; Perfection of Pledge of Bonds; Entries in Bond Registry Regarding Pledges; Delivery of Documents Stating Matters to Be Stated in Bond Registry Regarding Pledges; Issuing of Bond Certificates; Matters to Be Stated on Bond Certificates, Conversions Between Registered Bonds and Bearer Bonds; Loss of Bond Certificates; Redemption of Bonds Where Coupons Missing; Extinctive Prescription of Right to Claim Redemption of Bonds) of the Companies Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Specified Bonds, Specified Bondholders, Specified Bond Certificates, or the Specified Bond Registry in cases where a Specific Purpose Company issues Specified Bonds. In this case, the phrases 'Matters to Be Specified in Bond Registry,' 'Bond-issuing Company,' and 'bearer bonds' in said provisions shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Matters to Be Stated in the Specified Bond Registry,' 'Company Issuing Specified Bonds,' and 'Specified Bonds in bearer form,' respectively, the phrase 'Bonds for subscription' in Article 680 of the Companies Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Specified Bonds for Subscription,' the phrase 'the preceding Article' in Article 680(ii) of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Article 124 of the Asset Securitization Act,' the phrase 'items (iii) through (viii) of Article 676' in Article 681(i) of the Companies Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Article 122(1)(vi) to (xi) inclusive of the Asset Securitization Act,' the phrase 'a manager of Bond Registry' in Article 683 and Article 684(1) of the Companies Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'an Administrator of the Specified Bond Registry,' the phrase 'paragraph (1) of Article 720' in Article 685(5) of the Companies Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Article 720(1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 129(2) of the Asset Securitization Act,' the phrase 'item (vii) of Article 676' in Article 698 of the Companies Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Article 122(1)(x)' of the Asset Securitization Act, and any other necessary technical replacement of terms shall be specified by a Cabinet Order.