振り仮名: 12 Terms and Phrases

• 振り仮名
• furigana (kana over or beside kanji to indicate pronunciation)

• また振り仮名は片仮名で表す。
• It was accompanied by furigana (kana syllables written beside Chinese characters to aid in reading) in the form of katakana (the square form of kana or the Japanese syllabaries).

• 『往来物』に、枯山水に「フルセンスイ」と振り仮名を振ってある記述がある。
• In 'oraimono' (primary textbooks in the style of corresponding letters), there was a description of 'karesansui (dry landscape)' with furigana (attached Japanese syllabary) of 'furusensui.'

• 江戸中期を過ぎると、句点・返り点・送り仮名、さらには振り仮名をほどこしたものも現れる。
• After the mid Edo period, some Teikin Orai containing kuten (punctuation marks), kaeriten (signs to indicate reading order), okurigana (hiragana to accompany kanji), and furigana (hiragana to show pronunciation) started to be seen.

• しかし乾本時代には、その派生として漢字を草書・振り仮名を平仮名にするものも登場してきている。
• In the era of the Inuibon, however, as a derivative, there appeared new type of setsuyoshu, in which each entry was written in Chinese character in cursive style and the furigana was in the form of hiragana (the cursive form of kana or the Japanese syllabaries).

• また、源氏物語本文に濁点・読点・振り仮名・傍注などを付して読みやすくするという工夫が加えられている。
• It also contains some devices to make it readable, adding voicing marks, commas, phonetic transcriptions in kana, side notes, and so on.

• 尚、『寛永諸家系図伝』（仮名本）において「織田」に振られた振り仮名は1箇所を除いて全て「オタ」である。
• All furigana (kana over or beside kanji to indicate pronunciation) printed over or beside kanji '織田' in 'Kanei shoka keizuden' (the Genealogies of the Houses of the Kanei period) (publication in kana alone) are 'Ota' except one place.

• 以前は学校教科書において「へいじょうきょう」と振り仮名がふられていたが、現在は多くの教科書で「へいぜいきょう」とふられている。
• It was previously spelled as 'Heijo-kyo' in the school textbooks, however, it is now mostly spelled as 'Heizei-kyo.'

• 明治初期に東京で創刊された「新聞」は東京土産になるほど流行したが、知識人層向けで振り仮名や絵もなく、一般大衆には読みにくいものであった。
• Shinbun' which was first issued in Tokyo in early Meiji period became popular to the extent that it became a souvenir of Tokyo, however, this 'shinbun' was directed to the intellectuals and, therefore, it had no furigana (small-sized phonograms put beside Chinese characters to show the sound of those characters) no pictures in it and, therefore, it was hard to read for the general public.

• 振り仮名があるニュースの絵説きは漢字をあまり知らない層でも容易に読めたため、「新聞」の面白さを一般大衆に知らしめることとなったのである。
• Explanatory captions including furigana for the prints of the news was easily readable for those who did not know Chinese characters well and, therefore, nishiki-e-shinbun let the general public know the interestingness of 'shinbun'.

• 漢字で表記された場合でも、その多くは「かるか」の振り仮名が付されており、明治以降学術的呼称として、音読みで「さくじょう」と呼ばれる傾向にあるようである。
• Even when the word is written with Chinese characters, they are accompanied by furigana (Japanese characters showing how to read the Chinese characters), and after the Meiji period, the scholarly reading of the word tends to be sakujo following the Chinese reading style.

• 錦絵新聞の成功を追うように平仮名絵入新聞のような、絵と振り仮名をそなえた小新聞が発行され始めると、それに押されるように錦絵新聞は大衆の視野から消えていった。
• When small-scale newspapers each including pictures and furigana like hiragana-eiri-shinbun started to be issued as if they followed the success of nishiki-e-shinbun, nishiki-e-shinbun disappeared from the visual field of the general public as it was overwhelmed by those small-scale newspapers.