指導: 1000 Terms and Phrases

• 指導
• leadership
• guidance
• coaching
• shido (disciplinary action for a minor infringement of the rules of judo)
• instruction
• direction
• guide
• conduct
• tutorial
• aegis
• leading
• tutelage

• 指導的
• instructive
• instructively
• directive

• 指導員
• instructor
• advisor
• adviser
• counselor

• 指導者
• leader
• guide
• mentor
• coach
• leadership
• coacher
• avant-garde
• chieftain
• director
• luminary
• spear carrier
• trainer

• 指導力
• one's leadership (over the group)
• leadership qualities
• the ability to lead

• 指導部
• leadership

• 指導標
• signpost
• regulation sign

• 栄養指導
• nutrition education

• 指導教員
• supervisor

• 改善指導
• Guidance for Reform

• 各種指導
• Miscellaneous Guidance

• 教科指導
• Guidance in School Courses

• 指導する
• guide
• coach
• rule

• 保健指導
• health guidance

• 服薬指導
• patient compliance instruction

• 療法指導
• consultation

• 作業指導
• operation

• 指導監督
• guidance and supervision

• 行政指導
• administrative guidance
• administrative guidance [or advice]

• 学生指導
• student advising
• student guidance

• 個人指導
• personal guidance
• tutoring

• 指導原理
• guiding principle
• a guiding principle

• 生徒指導
• student guidance
• student counseling

• 進路指導
• guidance counseling
• academic and career counseling

• 生活指導
• educational guidance

• 就職指導
• career counseling (counselling)

• 指導主事
• supervisor of teachers
• Teachers' Consultant

• 指導要領
• government-approved curriculums
• guidelines

• 指導要録
• cumulative guidance record

• 指導教官
• don

• 実習指導
• laboratory work

• 適応指導
• orientation

• 刷掃指導
• brushing consultation

• 立地指導
• guidance for the location of facility

• 訪船指導
• on-board guidance

• 各国指導者
• world leaders

• 茶業指導所
• Sagyoushidousho
• Tea Industry Guidance Office

• 水産指導所
• Suisanshidousho

• 果樹指導所
• Kajushidoujo

• 保全指導室
• Facility Management & Maintenance Planning Office
• Facility Management Planning Office

• 技術的指導
• technical guidance

• 野党指導者
• opposition leader

• 建築指導課
• Building Guidance Division

• 技術指導官
• Senior Supervisor for Engineering

• 行為指導型
• Directives

• 指導の下に
• under the guidance of
• under the leadership of

• 最高指導者
• supreme leader
• ultimate leader

• 極右指導者
• far-right leader

• 指導力不足
• lack of leadership (esp. of a teacher)

• 労働指導者
• union leader

• 指導者たち
• leadership

• を指導する
• shepherd

• よき指導者
• mentor

• 世論指導者
• opinion leader

• 測量指導課
• Survey Guidance Division

• 廃船指導票
• end-of-use ship guidance paper

• 運転指導員
• coacher

• 試験指導書
• test code

• 利用者指導
• use guidance

• 指導及び助言
• Guidance and advice

• 県畜産指導所
• Kenchikusanshidoujo

• 精神的指導者
• spiritual leader
• spiritual leaders

• 学習指導要領
• government course (curriculum) guidelines
• National Curriculum Standards for elementary, junior-high and high schools
• course of study
• school curriculum guideline

• 政治的指導者
• political leader

• 民衆の指導者
• demagogue

• 指導者の地位
• leadership

• 個人指導教授
• tutor

• 宗教的指導者
• mullah

• 指導する行為
• the activity of leading

• 軍隊の指導者
• a leader of military forces

• 見て指導する
• watch and direct

• 外国語指導助手
• assistant language teacher
• ALT

• 行政指導の方式
• Method of Administrative Guidance

• 指導監督の方法
• Manner of Instruction and Supervision

• 肉牛生産指導場
• Nikugyuuseisanshidoujou

• 繊維工業指導所
• Sen'ikougyoushidousho

• 職業指導訓練所
• Shokugyoushidoukunrenjo

• 民間宅地指導室
• Private Sector Building Land Development Office

• 国際指導者連盟
• Association of International Instructors
• AII
• US YMCA diving education system founded 1959

• 鑑定評価指導官
• Senior Officer for Land Appraisal

• 整備事業指導官
• Director for Maintenance Service Supervision

• 新入生指導教師
• adviser

• 学習指導要領案
• proposals for new courses of study

• 指導式(信号)
• pilot block system

• 自然観察指導員
• nature observation leader

• 新学習指導要領
• New Courses of Study (New Government Guidelines for Teaching)
• new course of study

• 自然公園指導員
• natural park guide

• 自然保護指導員
• nature conservation leader

• 修道会の指導者
• leader of a religious order

• 指導の日及び時間
• Date and Time of Guidance

• 日本進路指導学会
• Japanese Society for Study of Career Guidance
• JSSCG

• 下水道管理指導室
• Sewerage Management Office

• 指導者として頂く
• to have (a person) as one's leader

• 誤った指導をする
• misdirect

• 栄養塩類削減指導
• guidance for nutrients reduction

• 独裁主義の指導者
• an authoritarian leader and invader of privacy

• 個人指導によって
• by tutorials

• 個別指導の方法で
• in a tutorial manner

• 宗教指導者の状態
• the status of a religious leader

• 討ち入りの指導者。
• Leader of the raid.

• 行政指導の一般原則
• General Principles of Administrative Guidance

• 助言、指導又は勧告
• Advice, guidance or recommendation
• Advice, Guidance, or Recommendation

• 入札制度企画指導室
• Bidding System Planning Office

• 公共工事契約指導室
• Public Works Contracts Office

• 保健指導マニュアル
• Health Care Manual

• 市内の事柄の指導者
• a leader in municipal affairs

• - 北海道の農業指導
• - Served as an agricultural adviser in Hokkaido

• 観測の実施方法の指導
• Guidance Concerning the Methods of Performing Observations

• 港湾管理高度化指導官
• Senior Supervisor for Advancement of Port Administration
• Director for Port Administration Advancement

• 監督指導を要する少年
• person in need of supervision

• 主将･指導者･コーチ
• skipper

• 旅行業務適正化指導官
• Senior Officer for Travel Consumer Affairs
• Senior Officer for Travel Agency Affairs

• 保全指導室（営繕部）
• Facility Management & Maintenance Planning Office

• キリスト教指導も行う。
• He taught Christianity as well.

• 申請に関連する行政指導
• Administrative Guidance related to Applications

• コンピュータによる指導
• computer-led instruction

• 二次循環救命処置指導者
• advanced cardiac life support instructor (ACLSI)
• ACLS instructor

• 森林ボランティア指導者
• forest volunteer instructor

• 自然解説指導者育成事業
• Nature Interpretation Instructor Development Program

• 挙母藩などで指導した。
• He taught in the domain of Koromo, etc.

• ストライキを指導する人
• someone who leads a strike

• 打者に打撃を指導する人
• someone who teaches batters how to bat better

• - 鉱業の技術指導（独）
• - Served as a technical advisor for the mining industry

• 客を指導する立場にある。
• He is in a position to lead them.

• コンベンション振興指導官
• Senior Officer for Convention Promotion

• 監督指導を要する未成年者
• minor in need of supervision
• juvenile(s) in need of supervision
• minor(s) in need of supervision

• 監督指導を要する少年少女
• juvenile in need of supervision

• 熱中症保健指導マニュアル
• Health Care Manual for Heatstroke

• 紫外線保健指導マニュアル
• Health Care Manual for UV

• 花粉症保健指導マニュアル
• Health Care Manual for Pollen Allergy

• 選手やチームの指導責任者
• someone in charge of training an athlete or a team

• - 北海道の農業指導（米）
• - Served as an agricultural adviser in Hokkaido

• 車坂道場で後進を指導した。
• He taught younger people at his dojo in Kurumazaka.

• 銀行代理業者に対する指導等
• Guidance to Bank Agent, etc.

• コンピュータによる教育指導
• computer-led instruction

• 履修や進路の指導をする教師
• academic advisor

• 新しい指導者を皆で支援する
• line up behind a new leader

• 生活雑排水対策推進指導指針
• Guidelines for the Promotion of Measures against Household Effluents

• 建築材料に係る指導及び助言
• Guidance and Advice on Building Materials

• 建築物に係る指導及び助言等
• Guidance and Advice on Buildings, etc.

• 先生方が訪問指導をします。
• The teacher pays a visit and gives instructions.

• 指導したり決定したりする力
• power to direct or determine

• 父為家に和歌の指導を受けた。
• He learned waka (Japanese poetry) from his father Tameie.

• その後、狩野派の指導をえた。
• Afterward, he received training from the Kano School.

• 複数の者を対象とする行政指導
• Administrative Guidance Directed to More Than One Person

• 公共工事契約指導室（地方課）
• Public Works Contracts Office

• 攘夷運動・梵暦運動の指導者。
• He was a leader of the Joi Movement (the Movement advocating the expulsion of foreigners) and the Bonreki (Buddhist calendar) movement.

• イランと戦ったイラクの指導者
• Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran

• グループを指導する人々の集団
• the body of people who lead a group

• アメリカの革命指導者と愛国者
• American Revolutionary leader and patriot

• 晩年は後進の指導に当っていた。
• He coached younger actors in his later years.

• 運慶の指導のもと源慶らが制作。
• Carved by Genkei and other sculptors under the lead of Unkei.

• 刑執行開始時及び釈放前の指導等
• Guidance at the Commencement of Execution of Sentence, Etc.

• 学習と指導によって得られる知識
• knowledge acquired by learning and instruction

• - 海軍工廠の建設指導など（仏）
• - Supervised the construction of the Navy Arsenal, among other projects

• 老農（篤農家）・農業技術指導者。
• He was an experienced farmer (an exemplary good farmer) and an instructor of agricultural techniques.

• 宗祇没後は連歌界の指導者となる。
• After Sogi's death, he became the leader of the renga world.

• 足利将軍家の儀式なども指導した。
• He gave instructions on the ceremonies held by Ashikaga Shogun Family.

• 許認可等の権限に関連する行政指導
• Administrative Guidance related to Authority over Permissions, etc.

• 監督指導を要する16歳未満の少年
• person in need of supervision

• 建築物の設計等に係る指導及び助言
• Guidance and Advice on Designing Buildings, etc.

• 指導員などが夜勤体制をとります。
• Instructors work on a night shift system.

• 彼が山田先生の指導を受けました。
• He was instructed by Mr./Ms. Yamada.

• 情報または指導が欠如しているさま
• lacking information or instruction

• 責任を負うあるいは、指導者の地位
• assume responsibility for or leadership of

• 佐々木北涯、石井露月に指導される。
• He was taught by Hokugai SASAKI and Rogetsu ISHII.

• 「新興俳句運動」の指導者的な存在。
• He was a leader of 'Shinko Haiku Undo' (Movement of Emerging Haiku Poem).

• ジェシー米国の牧師･黒人運動指導者
• Jesse Jackson

• 優れた見識と能力をもつ政治的指導者
• statesman

• 家庭における療養の指導に関する事業
• program providing guidance to home care

• 市町村が指導、監督権限を有します。
• Municipalities have regulatory power.

• 彼が治療指導の方法を研究しました。
• He studied methods to direct the treatment process.

• 基督教の聖職者で精神的指導者の１人
• a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

• - 北海道の農業指導、道路など（米）
• - Served as an agricultural adviser in Hokkaido, and also worked on other projects, including roads

• いずれも幕府の指導者に影響を与えた。
• Each such visitor was to have a significant influence on the leaders of the bakufu.

• 運慶の指導のもと運助、運賀らが制作。
• Carved by Unsuke, Unga, and other sculptors under the lead of Unkei.

• 沢田東江に指導をうけ、第一人者となる
• He received guidance from Toko SAWADA and became a leading authority.

• 各流派の最高指導者は宗家と呼ばれる。
• The supreme leader of each school is called Soke (the head family or house).

• 阿闍梨という指導者の位を授ける灌頂。
• In this type of Kanjo, the title of Ajari (a master in Esoteric Buddhism; a high priest) is given.

• １５０人の先生が後進の指導に当たる。
• 150 teachers will teach younger people.

• あらゆる運動または分野での指導的地位
• the leading position in any movement or field

• 人々を激励して行動に駆り立てる指導者
• a leader who stimulates and excites people to action

• 政府指導者に対する、私的顧問の内集団
• an inner circle of unofficial advisors to the head of a government

• 相撲の指導者および後継者の更なる育成。
• Further training of sumo instructors and successors.

• 職業の紹介、指導又は訓練に関すること。
• Aid for finding employment, vocational guidance, or vocational training

• その他指導監督を行うため特に必要な事項
• Other matters specially necessary to conduct the instruction and supervision.

• 未承認の遺伝子組換えメダカに関する指導
• Administrative Guidance on the Unapproved Genetically Modified Medaka

• （歌や演技などを）個人的に指導をする人
• a person who gives private instruction (as in singing, acting, etc.)

• 第二次世界大戦中の英国の政治家で指導者
• British statesman and leader during World War II

• - 陶磁器、ガラス器などの製造指導（独）
• - Served as an adviser for the manufacture of ceramics, pottery and glassware

• この間に山田耕筰らを指導したと言われる。
• It is said that she instructed Kosaku YAMADA and others during this term.

• 性的な技術についての指導を含むマニュアル
• a manual containing instruction in sexual techniques

• 宗教上の、または神聖な事柄における指導者
• a leader in religious or sacred affairs

• 秋田県仙北郡の一貧村を救済・更正指導した。
• He saved and instructed to improve a poor village in Senboku County, Akita Prefecture.

• 鄒海石、笠井浩二も少年時代に指導を受けた。
• Kaiseki SU and Koji KASAI also received guidance in their boyhood.

• というのが一般的な初心者指導の過程である。
• This is a usual practice procedure for beginners.

• 正しく指導できる人が日本にまだいなかった。
• Japan still doesn't have anyone who can provide proper direction.

• 語学慣習を説明する（あるいは指導する）規則
• a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice

• 模範、あるいは指導者としての役目をするもの
• something that serves as a model or guide

• （それまでは典薬寮の医博士が指導していた。）
• (Ihakase [Doctor of Medicine] of Tenyakuryo taught until then.)

• 外出時に長袖の衣服を着て清潔を保つよう指導。
• It is guided so that people should wear long-sleeved clothes in going outdoors and should keep clean.

• 1882年　農業指導のため長崎県へ出張巡回。
• In 1882, he travelled around Nagasaki Prefecture to provide agricultural trainings.

• 1865年　福岡藩・銃術指導方に任ぜられる。
• In 1865, he was appointed a trainer of gun shooting at Fukuoka Domain.

• その指導を受け、あるいは共同研究に加わった。
• They were coached by him or joined collaborative projects there.

• 14歳頃に鼎金城に就いて南画の指導を受ける。
• At the age of 14, GYOTOKU received a Kinjo KANAE's guidance for nanga (a school of painting originating in China).

• 引き続き宮中に留まり、後宮の指導にあたった。
• She stayed in the imperial court to act as an advisor of the consort of the emperor.

• 明治2年、佐賀藩の招聘により有田焼技術指導。
• He was invited from the Saga Domain and gave technical guidance for Arita ware in 1869.

• （この時槍術指導は弟・万太郎の役職とされる）
• (On this occasion, the job as grand master of the art of the spearmanship was made a job for his younger brother, Mantaro.

• 本部は翌年から関西方面で唐手の指導を始めた。
• The following year, Motobu began to teach karate in the Kansai area.

• 都道府県中央会の組織及び事業の指導並びに連絡
• Provision of instructions regarding organization and activities to prefectural FSBAs and liaison between them

• 市は衛生が保たれるよう学校を指導しています。
• The city instructs schools to ensure hygiene is maintained.

• ショーの制作で、俳優を監督し演技を指導する人
• someone who supervises the actors and directs the action in the production of a stage show

• そして、東京で自ら茶道の指導を行うようになる。
• He then began to give instructions in tea ceremony himself in Tokyo.

• そのために指導者・後継者の育成が必須であった。
• Therefore, the development of instructors and successors was a must.

• 青年門主光照は、昭和の戦時下の教団を指導した。
• Youthful chief, Kosho, guided the religious community during the war in the Showa period.

• 当社が通信教育・通信指導に８０年の実績を誇る。
• We are proud of our achievements over the past eighty years in the field of correspondence education.

• アメリカ革命と米国創設における国家主義の指導者
• a nationalist leader in the American Revolution and in the creation of the United States

• 中国の共産党の指導者（1893年−1976年）
• Chinese communist leader (1893-1976)

• その結果、慈敬寺が指導的地位に立つことになった。
• As a result, Jikei-ji Temple took the leadership position.

• 2003年宮内庁楽部技術指導員、2005年退職。
• In 2003, he became an instructor at the Kunaicho gakubu and resigned in 2005.

• おそらく学兄として指導を行ったことが察せられる。
• Presumably, Gentaku had learned medical science or Dutch from Junan who had been one of ancestors of the new science of Japan.

• それを筆頭とした奉行らによる集団指導体制の構築。
• He then established a collective leadership system utilizing bugyo (magistrates) led by the Mori-Ryosen system.

• 曹洞宗では接客、新規入門者の指導の役割が大きい。
• In the Soto sect, the shika mainly takes care of guests and new monks.

• 王は戦時には指導者、平和なときは裁判官であった。
• The kings were the leaders in war and judges in peace,

• 少数派の機会均等を確立するための政治運動の指導者
• a leader of the political movement dedicated to securing equal opportunity for members of minority groups

• アメリカは、日本の韓国における指導的地位を認める。
• The United States approves Japan's control in South Korea.

• 最初、表千家の指導を受けていたことは確かなようだ。
• It seems to be sure that he firstly took a lesson of Omotesenke school (the main branch of the Senke school of tea ceremony).

• 南朝は北畠親房ら指導的人物を失って弱体化していた。
• The Southern Court was losing its power with the loss of leaders such as Chikafusa KITABATAKE.

• あくまで抑えた自然体で演じるよう指導されたという。
• HONDA insisted on a restrained, natural performance.

• 大村は事実上、日本陸軍の建軍を指導することになる。
• Omura was effectively tasked with the creation of the Japanese army.

• 源俊頼とともに院政期の歌壇の指導者として活躍した。
• Along with MINAMOTO no Toshiyori, he took a lively part as a leader in waka circles during the regime of cloistered government.

• 指導と演習により（子供たちのもの）素行を発達させる
• develop (children's) behavior by instruction and practice

• 米国の公民権運動の指導者（1921年−1971年）
• United States civil rights leader (1921-1971)

• 徴兵検査受験者に褌の着用を指導していたことがわかる。
• This shows that examinees of the test were directed to wear fundoshi.

• 2000年5月18日に「福岡市屋台指導要綱」を告示。
• Fukuoka City, defined its position in a notification entitled 'Fukuoka City street stall guidelines' on May 18, 2000.

• 主君の無礼を詫びたうえ、指導引き回しを懇願して帰邸。
• He apologized for his lord's impoliteness, begged him earnestly to forgive his lord, and went home.

• 社会生活に適応させるために必要な生活指導を行うこと。
• Teaching them the life skills necessary to adapt themselves to social life;

• 病院退院後あるいは刑務所出所後の治療または指導のこと
• aftercare

• 前三号の業務に係る技術指導及び成果の普及を行うこと。
• technical guidance pertaining to the operations specified in the three preceding items and dissemination of the results;

• 人を支配したり、指導したり、人に影響を与えたりする人
• a person who rules or guides or inspires others

• 家庭教師または個人指導の、あるいはそれらに関するさま
• of or relating to tutors or tutoring

• 好戦的な公民権運動の指導者（1925年−1965年）
• militant civil rights leader (1925-1965)

• 特に各地の農村の指導者層には地租の重圧は負担であった。
• The increased land-tax was a pain especially for leading members in rural villages.

• 指導者を失ったことで、他の者も退却し、多くが自刃した。
• Having lost their leaders, other members retreated and many of them committed suicide.

• 第一條 韓國政府ハ施政改善ニ關シ統監ノ指導ヲ受クルコト
• Article 1 The government of Korea shall follow the directions of the inspector general when it implements the reform of administration.

• 事業の経営に関する技術の指導に係る技術導入契約の締結等
• The conclusion of a technology introduction contract, etc. pertaining to guidance on the technology relating to business operation;

• アフガニスタンの軍隊の指導者で、タリバンに反対だった人
• Afghan leader of forces opposed to the Taliban

• 1人あるいは小人数の生徒にチューターが行う集中的な指導
• a session of intensive tuition given by a tutor to an individual or to a small number of students

• 指導者、予言者で、ベツレヘムで生まれ、ナザレで活動した
• a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth

• 本願寺内では武勇を買われ指導者を任されたと言われている。
• It is said that Hongan-ji Temple, highly valuing Masatomo's military prowess, appointed him as its military leader.

• しかし、「ホトトギス」への投句は続け虚子の指導は続いた。
• Although he quit his job, he continued submitting haiku to 'Hototogisu' and being directed by Kyoshi.

• 前項の規定は、次に掲げる行政指導については、適用しない。
• The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply to the following instances of Administrative Guidance;

• 如成は後に清洲藩主松平忠吉に仕え藩士らを指導したという。
• It is said that Josei later served Tadayoshi MATSUDAIRA (the lord of Kiyosu Domain) and taught the feudal soldiers.

• ネストリウスとアルメニアの教会の指導者たちの教会用の称号
• the ecclesiastical title of the leaders of the Nestorian and Armenian churches

• バレー団のためにダンサーを指導し、教え、稽古をつける女性
• a woman who directs and teaches and rehearses dancers for a ballet company

• その後、おもだった指導者・参加者は各地で次々と捕縛された。
• Afterwards, the main leaders and participants were arrested one after another in various places.

• さらにフランスの技師を招いて指導を仰ぐなどの近代化を達成。
• Besides, he succeeded in modernization such as following the instructions by inviting French engineers.

• 里村家は徳川宗家に仕え、幕府連歌師として連歌界を指導した。
• The Satomura family served the head of the Tokugawa family and lead the linked-verse arena as Rengashi of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

• 明治維新後は地方官・政治家として初期の京都府政を指導した。
• He led the Kyoto prefectural government at its initial phase as a local official as well as a politician after Meiji Restoration.

• 外国人の出入国、難民の認定又は帰化に関する処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions and Administrative Guidance concerning departure and immigration of foreign nationals, recognition of refugees, and naturalization;

• 盛平の高弟・(財)合気会の指導部長であった藤平光一が設立。
• It was established by Koichi TOHEI, who was a high-caliber disciple of Morihei and the head instructor of the Aikikai Foundation.

• 庶務部長 阿部信彰（東京・妙国寺住職、法華講本部指導教師）
• Bucho of Shomubu: Shinsho ABE (阿部信彰, the chief priest of Myokoku-ji Temple in Tokyo, chief kyoshi of the head quarter of Hokke Ko)

• 教学部長 水島公正（所沢・能安寺住職、法華講本部指導教師）
• Bucho of Kyogakubu: Kosho MIZUSHIMA (水島公正, the chief priest of Noan-ji Temple in Tokorozawa, chief kyoshi of the head quarter of Hokke Ko)

• しかしながら、悟りを得た禅師が指導して悟らせるのではない。
• Actually, it does not mean that an enlightened Zen master instructs and enables someone gain enlightenment.

• ジョゼフ・スミスの暗殺の後のモルモン教会の米国の宗教指導者
• United States religious leader of the Mormon Church after the assassination of Joseph Smith

• 学習指導要領の一部としての定期的に予定されているセッション
• a regularly scheduled session as part of a course of study

• 指定された種類の頭部または指導者として勤める何かを持つさま
• having a head of a specified kind or anything that serves as a head

• ドイツの劇作家で啓蒙運動の指導者（1729年−1781年）
• German playwright and leader of the Enlightenment (1729-1781)

• 大衆の情熱と偏見に訴えることによって支持を求める政治指導者
• a political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions and prejudices

• 武家の棟梁（ぶけのとうりょう）とは、武士集団の指導者のこと。
• The term 'Buke no toryo' means the leader of groups of samurai.

• 何はともあれ、外国人技師の指導を受けた線路工事が終わりった。
• Anyhow, the rail construction work was completed under the instruction of foreign engineers.

• 日本中の現場にも広く足を伸ばし技術指導や助言を行ってもいる。
• He traveled throughout Japan to provide technical training and advice.

• 信玄の初期は国人による集団指導体制の議長的な役割が強かった。
• In the early period governed by Shingen, the role of the chairman in the collective leadership system was strong.

• 1448年（文安5年）北野連歌会所宗匠となり、連歌界を指導。
• He subsequently assumed the position of the Master (sojo) of the Kittenisha Manku group in 1448 and played a leading part in the renga circle.

• 以後、物外の高名を伝え聞き､不遷流の指導を受ける者が増える｡
• Since then more people heard the fame of Motsugai and asked him for instruction of Fusen-ryu school.

• 委員は、その業務に関して、総務大臣の指導を受けるものとする。
• A counselor, concerning the affairs commissioned, shall be under the guidance of the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications.

• お雇い外国人の指導により建設された工場、都市建築などがある。
• Factories and urban buildings were built by employed foreigners.

• インド（4世紀）の仏教の瑜伽行派のインドの宗教指導者で創設者
• Indian religious leader and founder of the Yogacara school of Buddhism in India (4th century)

• 師家（しけ）は禅宗で修行僧を指導する力量を具えた者をさす尊称。
• Shike is an honorific title in Zen sect for the one who possesses the ability to guide ascetic monks.

• 江戸時代末期から明治・大正にかけて活躍し各地の農業を指導した。
• Rikinosuke had great success as an instructor of agricultural techniques in various places from the end of Edo Period to the Meiji and Taisho Periods.

• 秩父地方における炭焼、荒川 (関東)通船工事の指導なども行う。
• He also taught making charcoal in the Chichibu district and passage construction at the Ara-kawa River (Kanto region).

• また、私塾東丘社の主催者として、画壇の指導者としても活躍した。
• He also played an active role as the organizer of his private art school, Tokyusha, as well as being the leader of an art circle.

• ゴルフ場で使用される農薬による水質汚濁の防止に係る暫定指導指針
• Provisional Guidelines for Prevention of Water Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals Used at Golf Courses

• 富名腰はそのまま東京に留まり、唐手の指導に当たることになった。
• Funakoshi then settled in Tokyo and taught karate there.

• 1961年に柳家一兆に入門、兄弟子の花房蝶二から指導を受ける。
• In 1961, he became a pupil of Itcho YANAGIYA, and began to be guided by a senior pupil Choji HANABUSA.

• 次に掲げる情報の収集及び提供並びに指導に関する業務を行うこと。
• Performing the following functions concerning the collection and provision of information and the following functions concerning guidance:

• リーダー、オーガナイザーおよびスポークスマン（特に政治指導者）
• a leader and organizer and spokesman (especially a political leader)

• フランスにおけるロマン派運動の指導者（1802年−1885年）
• leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)

• いずれも指導者だけが罪とされ、率いられて叛いた者は罪とされない。
• In either case, only the leader was executed and followers were not executed.

• 神父はひそかに彼らを指導し、彼らは村に帰って神父の教えを広めた。
• After receiving secret lessons from the priest, they returned to their home villages and promulgated the priest's teachings.

• 戦後、マッカーサー元帥夫人をはじめ米軍将校夫人にいけばなを指導。
• After WWII, he taught Ikebana to wives of US military officers, such as General Macarthur.

• シナリオに興味を持ち、伊丹万作のもとに作品を送り、指導を受ける。
• He became interested in screenplays and sent his work to Mansaku ITAMI who instructed him.

• また、小西酒造創業家の小西家の道場・修武館でも薙刀術を指導した。
• He also instructed naginata at Shubukan, a training hall of the Konishi family who also founded the Konishi Shuzo brewery.

• のち東京宝映プロの代表に就任、タレントの指導や演劇活動を行った。
• Thereafter, he began working as a representative of Tokyo Hoei Productions, providing guidance to the company's stars and running them through on-stage acting exercises.

• 父の師輔は右大臣として村上天皇の天暦の治を指導した実力者だった。
• Koretada's father, Morosuke, guided the Tenryaku no chi (glorious Tenryaku rule) by Emperor Murakami, as the Udaijin.

• 午前2時頃、この事態を重く見た行軍指導部は部隊の帰営を決定する。
• About 2 a.m. Army officers decided to return to the post, taking the matter seriously.

• 婦人相談員は、被害者の相談に応じ、必要な指導を行うことができる。
• Women's Consultants may provide counseling to victims and undertake guidance as necessary.

• 現在は一般在家者への坐禅指導を中心とし、海外にも参禅拠点がある。
• Today it focuses on the teaching of meditation for lay people and has bases for Zen meditation abroad.

• 米国の宗教指導者（韓国生まれ）で、1954年に統一教会を設立した
• United States religious leader (born in Korea) who founded the Unification Church in 1954

• 惣村の指導者には、乙名（おとな）・沙汰人（さたにん）などがあった。
• Titles of the leaders of soson were Otona, satanin (an officer collecting that which was rendered, conveying the order of the lord of the manor, etc.), etc.

• 倒幕・攘夷派の象徴として、また近代国家日本の指導者として活躍した。
• He acted as a symbol of the force to overthrow the Shogunate and antiforeign sentiment, and was also a leader of modern Japan.

• 師正徹の歌集である「草根集」の編纂や歌会の指導を行ったりしている。
• He edited 'Sokonshu' which was his teacher, Shotetsu's poetry collection, and leaded Uta-kai (poem competition).

• 1900年　同僚の三竹、杉森とともに三々塾を作り、学生指導に当たる
• 1900: Established a private school called Sansanjuku with colleagues Mitake and Sugimori where he and guided students.

• 織田信長との石山戦争で十年にわたって各地に転戦して門徒を指導した。
• He moved from place to place to fight in the Ishiyama War with Nobunaga ODA for ten years and led followers of the Ikkoshu sect.

• それは元就が理想とした国人領主による集団指導体制の延長線上である。
• This also extended to the collective leadership by which his kokujin lords lived within his ideal.

• 保護観察における指導監督は、次に掲げる方法によって行うものとする。
• The instruction and supervision during the probation shall be conducted in the following manner:

• 信濃国（長野県）飯山市の道鏡慧端（道鏡慧端）の厳しい指導を受けた。
• He endured the strict instruction of Dokyo Etan in Iiyama City, Shinano Province (present-day Nagano Prefecture).

• 指導者グループが秘密交渉を通じて何かを決定するときに用いる会合場所
• the meeting place of a group of leaders who make their decisions via private negotiations

• 英国の宗教指導者で、フレンド会を設立した（1624年−1691年）
• English religious leader who founded the Society of Friends (1624-1691 )

• 中国では書法（Shūfǎ しょほう）と呼ばれ、初等教育で指導される。
• It is called 'Shoho (Shūfǎ)' in China and is instructed in elementary education.

• 花園院の指導のもと『風雅和歌集』を親撰し、『光厳院御集』も伝存する。
• The Emperor edited 'Fuga Waka shu' (the collection of Waka poems during early Muromachi period) under the supervision of Hanazono-in, and 'Collection of Japanese Poetry by Kogonin' was given to history.

• 二条師基・北畠親房・四条隆資とともに南朝の重鎮として政務を指導した。
• He, as a leader of the Southern Court, administered affairs of state with Moromoto NIJO, Chikafusa KITABATAKE, and Takasuke SHIJO.

• 里村家は後に徳川家に仕え、征夷大将軍の指南役として連歌界を指導した。
• The Satomura family later served the Tokugawa family, and led the renga society as an instructor of seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians').

• 同年には、栗原信近に招かれワイン醸造技術指導のため甲府を訪れている。
• In the same year, he was invited by Nobuchika KURIHARA to teach wine making in Kofu.

• これは徴兵の質及び、指導士官や施設の不足等の根本的な問題の為だった。
• Which was due to poor quality of conscription and fundamental problems such as lack of training officers or facilities.

• 伝授の内容は、指導する阿闍梨（師）により細部に関しては個人差がある。
• Details of the teachings may be different in each Ajari who will be in charge of teaching.

• 玄奘はこの異国の学僧を大切にし、同室で暮らしながら指導をしたという。
• It is said that Genjo treated this learned priest from a foreign country with respect and coached him even sharing a living room of the cell.

• 1902年、円覚寺において最初のアメリカ人に対する禅指導を行なった。
• In 1902, he lectured on Zen to Americans for the first time at the Engaku-ji Temple.

• 師範代（しはんだい）とは芸道分野の指導者であり、師範の次席にある者。
• Shihandai (assistant instructor) is an instructor in an art field and an assistant of Shihan (grand master).

• 彼の兄弟も指導者だったが、パリスは遠くから弓矢で戦う方が好きだった。
• His brothers also were leaders, but Paris preferred to fight from a distance with bow and arrows.

• ヒンズー教のカースト制の相違からシーク教を創立したインドの宗教指導者
• Indian religious leader who founded Sikhism in dissent from the caste system of Hinduism

• 米国のユダヤ人の指導者（ハンガリー生まれ）（1874年−1949年）
• United States Jewish leader (born in Hungary) (1874-1949)

• 地方自治のための戦いにおけるガンジーと共にいるインドの政治家で指導者
• Indian statesman and leader with Gandhi in the struggle for home rule

• 農業改革への反乱を指導したメキシコの革命家（1879年−1919年）
• Mexican revolutionary who led a revolt for agrarian reforms (1879-1919)

• 冒険家（特に16世紀のスペインによるメキシコとペルーの征服の指導者）
• an adventurer (especially one who led the Spanish conquest of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century)

• 近江朝の軍は美濃にも向かったが、指導部の足並みの乱れから前進が滞った。
• The Omi Court army headed for Mino but the advancement was stopped due to bad leadership.

• 秀吉は太田開城時に指導層の地侍を処断する一方、一般農民は退城を許した。
• While Hideyoshi executed jizamurai of the leading position at the time of the surrender of Ota-jo Castle, he allowed common farmers to leave the castle.

• - 音楽、特に軍楽の指導、陸軍分列行進曲（抜刀隊・扶桑歌）の作曲(仏)
• - Served as an instructor of music, especially military music; composed Army marches (Battotai [the Drawn Sword Company] and Fusoka [Song of the Eastern Land])

• 1級を取得すると、指導者として公的に認められる資格を持つと認定される。
• The First Kyu certifies one to have obtained publicly recognized qualifications as an instructor.

• 一揆勢は地侍の指導の下、組織的な行動をとり、勝手な略奪を取り締まった。
• Under the direction of the jizamurai, order was brought to the uprising forces, while robberies were monitored.

• 耕地整理も奈良の指導で仙北郡内で最初に行われ、今日の農業の礎を築いた。
• The first redevelopment of arable land was operated in Senboku District under the instruction of NARA, which laid the foundation of modern agriculture in Japan.

• 赤井氏の実質的な指導者として、氷上郡を中心に丹波で大きな勢力を誇った。
• As a substantial leader of Akai clan, he wielded his power in Tanba area centering around Hikami District.

• サイモン・ボリバルの指導のもとで1821年にスペインから独立を達成した
• achieved independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of Simon Bolivar

• 後には巡査に対して必修となり、各警察署で指導のために剣術家が採用された。
• Thereafter, Kenjutsu became a compulsory subject for policemen and all police stations recruited swordsmen as instructors.

• 最近では茨城県の業者による技術指導の下、中華人民共和国産も出回っている。
• Under the technical instruction of manufacturers in Ibaraki Prefecture, hoshi-imo is also produced in the People's Republic of China, which is coming onto the market in Japan.

• 検査官会議で決すべきものとされている処分及び会計検査の際にされる行政指導
• Dispositions decided by the Audit Commission and Administrative Guidance during audit of the Board of Audit;

• 全日本弓道連盟では、射の基本動作を8つの節に分けて説明・指導をしている。
• The All Nippon Kyudo Federation explains and instructs the basic movements of shooting in eight separate parts.

• 平成元年（1989年）の新学習指導要領で格技から武道に名称がもどされた。
• The name 'kakugi' was changed back to 'budo' under the new guidelines by the Ministry of Education in 1989.

• ただし、現在でも東寺真言宗の最高指導者として人々からの崇敬を集めている。
• However, Choja is still revered by people as the supreme leader of the To-ji Shingon sect.

• また名誉職として総講頭、大講頭の称号があるが、信徒を指導することはない。
• There are honorable positions such as Sokoto (head of all Nichiren lay believers) and Daikoto (senior representative of Nichiren Shoshu Sect lay society) but they are not positions to teach believers of the group.

• ドイツの政治家で、指導者としてドイツを統合した（1815年−1898年）
• German statesman under whose leadership Germany was united (1815-1898)

• （近世中期ごろまで、小鼓方が大鼓方を指導するのはごく一般的なことであった）
• (Until the middle of early-modern times, it had been not unusual that kotsuzumi players taught otsuzumi players how to play drums.)

• したがって、口に含むような指導は外国人に対しては特に気をつけるべきである。
• Therefore, one should especially be careful when instructing foreigners to put the brush in the mouth.

• 連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の指導などをふまえ、新たな制度を確立されていく。
• The new school system was established under the guidance of the GHQ (General Headquarters of the Allied Forces) and so forth.

• 1890年、秋田県仙北郡花館村（現・大仙市）に農業指導者として招聘された。
• In 1890, he was offered a post as an agricultural advisory from Hanadate Village, Senboku District, Akita Prefecture (currently Daisen City).

• 安永2年（1773年）には秋田藩の佐竹義敦に招かれて鉱山開発の指導を行う。
• In 1773, he was invited by Yoshiatsu SATAKE to teach mining development.

• 1975年からは日活芸術学院院長を務めるなど一貫して後進の指導にあたった。
• He worked tirelessly to guide his successors, serving as head of the Nikkatsu Visual Arts Academy from 1975.

• フランス人教官の不足から、伝習隊の一部は日本人教官による指導を受けていた。
• Some soldiers of Denshutai received trainings from Japanese instructors due to shortage of French instructors.

• また、第一国立銀行だけでなく、七十七銀行など多くの地方銀行設立を指導した。
• In addition to First National Bank, he led the establishment of many local banks such as Shichijushichi Bank.

• 大村藩・鳥居藩・内藤藩などの江戸の藩邸に招かれ、請われて剣術指導も行った。
• He was often invited to the residences in Edo of the Omura, Torii, and Naito clans as a swordplay instructor.

• 袈裟を通す紐が付けられており、指導会や会議等では事務衣に小袈裟を着用する。
• It has a cord to let through the kesa (Buddhist stole), and a kogesa (literally small kesa) is worn over the jimukoromo at training meetings and conferences.

• 植芝盛平は剣術の研究のために、自らの道場「皇武館」で剣道の指導を行わせた。
• Morihei UESHIBA allowed kendo training in his dojo 'Kobukan' for the study of swordplay.

• 流派により宗家自ら師範となる場合、弟子に門下生の指導を委ねる場合とがある。
• In some schools, Soke herself or himself teaches disciples directly, and in other schools, Soke leaves the educational activities to high ranking disciples.

• 宗教指導者で、1830年にモルモン教会を設立した（1805年−1844年）
• religious leader who founded the Mormon Church in 1830 (1805-1844 )

• 日本では昔から「読み書きソロバン」として、寺子屋などで習字が指導されてきた。
• Shuji (calligraphy) has been traditionally taught in Terakoya (a private elementary school during the Edo period) and in others in Japan as 'reading, writing, and abacus.'

• 日野商人が全国に点在する木地師や塗師に技術指導をした上で製造委託をしていた。
• The Hino merchants contracted out wood masters and lacquerers, whom they had provided technical instructions, to produce Hinowan in various places.

• そうした中の同年閏2月に、平清盛が熱病で没して平氏政権は強力な指導者を失う。
• In February of the same year (a leap year), TAIRA no Kiyomori died from a fever and the Taira clan government lost its strong leader.

• 一条朝には幼帝を指導して強い発言権を持ち、院政の意図があったともいうが不詳。
• It is said that during Emperor Ichijo's reign, Emperor Enyu seized strong leadership over the young Emperor Ichijo, and intended to rule a cloister government; however, this isn't certain.

• 同年6月に牛原虚彦と『映画科学研究』を創刊するなど、後進の指導にも注力した。
• In June of the same year, he published 'Eiga Kagaku Kenkyu' (Movie Science Research), with Kiyohiko USHIHARA and was devoted to teaching young people.

• 親房の死後は南朝には指導的人物がいなくなり、南朝は北朝との和睦に傾いていく。
• After his death, no one appeared to take a leadership role in the Southern Court, and this leaned the Southern Court toward reconciling with the Northern Court.

• これは毛利氏当主とこれを支える両川の指導力によるところが大きかったのである。
• This owed much to the strong leadership of Lord Mori and the assistance of the Ryosen rulers.

• 一説には脳性麻痺だったとも言われ、将軍として指導力を示すことが出来なかった。
• Some historians and other experts supported a theory that Iesada may have suffered from cerebral palsy, so he was not capable of demonstrating his leadership abilities in the role of Shogun.

• 当該専修学校に外国人学生の生活の指導を担当する常勤の職員が置かれていること。
• The relevant vocational school must have a full-time foreign student adviser assisting foreign students with living in Japan.

• 次に掲げる事項を守り、保護観察官及び保護司による指導監督を誠実に受けること。
• Observing the following matters and undergoing the instruction and supervision of probation officers and volunteer probation officers sincerely:

• 「後慈眼院殿御記」には上洛した興仙が政元に兵法を指導した件が記述されている。
• It is described in '後慈眼院殿御記' that Kosen went to Kyoto and taught Masamoto the art of warfare.

• 「実戦合気道」を標榜、警視庁機動隊の必修科目として現在も指導が行われている。
• Their motto is 'aikido for actual battle,' and it's taught today as a requisite subject for the riot police of the Keishi-cho (the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department).

• 市町村、農業者又はその組織する団体が行う防除に対する指導及び協力に関する事務
• Office work relating to guidance on and cooperation with Control implemented by municipality, agricultural workers or bodies organized by them;

• 高圧ガスの保安に関する調査、研究及び指導並びに情報の収集及び提供を行うこと。
• Conduct studies and research, provide guidance and gather and furnish information concerning the safety of high pressure gases;

• 士師として知られている指導者たちのもとのイスラエルの歴史を語る旧約聖書の一書
• a book of the Old Testament that tells the history of Israel under the leaders known as judges

• アラファトと他のPLOの指導者のための私的護衛団として1972年に創設された
• formed in 1972 as a personal security force for Arafat and other PLO leaders

• 当時は水質の維持のため、水着の着用は禁止され、全裸で泳ぐように指導されていた。
• In those days it was prohibited to bathe with swimwear on and people were instructed to swim naked for the purpose of maintaining water quality.

• 複数の国家間で、観測機器や資金の援助、植林や農業指導などの協力も行われている。
• Among these nations, cooperation has been made concerning aid for observation instruments and funds concerned, and cooperation has been also made about planting trees and providing guidance for farming.

• 坐摩版と呼ばれる国学書の出版を行うとともに、惟神舎を開き国学・皇学を指導した。
• He opened a kamunagarasha (Shinto school) to teach the study of Japanese classical literature and Emperor-centered historiography at the same time as publishing Japanese classic literature books called the Zama version.

• 宝塚造形芸術大学大学院教授であり、伝統芸術研究領域における指導に当たっている。
• He is a professor at Takarazuka University of Art and Design and teaches traditional arts.

• 2007年秋TBS系にて放映のテレビドラマ「輪違屋糸里」に「太夫指導」で参加。
• In Autumn 2007, she appeared as a Tayu instructor in a TV drama called 'Wachigaiya Itosato,' broadcast on the TBS network.

• 素地や釉薬などの技法だけでなく、制作に対する心構えについても指導を受けている。
• He learned about groundwork and glaze technology as well as the spirit of ceramics art from Tomimoto.

• 明治11年（1878年）から始まった旧尾張藩士による北海道八雲町の開拓も指導。
• He also directed the exploitation of Yakumo-cho in Hokkaido started by the old feudal retainers of the Owari Domain in 1878.

• 次に掲げる処分及び行政指導については、次章から第四章までの規定は、適用しない。
• The provisions of Chapters II to IV inclusive shall not apply to the Dispositions and the Administrative Guidance specifically listed as follows:

• また同じく(1)の新たな指導方法としては、七事式が制定されたことが挙げられる。
• With respect to the new method of teaching as described in item (1), the shichiji-shiki (the method consisting of seven types of lessons) should be cited.

• 日本の哲学・文化においてはいくつもの微妙に異なる意味を持つ指導的概念であった。
• In terms of Japanese philosophy and culture, it has been a leading concept that has many slightly different meanings.

• 紀元前166年ごろにエルサレムを取りもどしたユダヤにおける反乱のユダヤ人指導者
• Jewish leader of a revolt in Judea that recovered Jerusalem around 166 BC

• 鈴木孫一（雑賀孫市）らを指導者とする雑賀衆は傭兵部隊として三好三人衆軍についた。
• Saikashu, led by Magoichi SUZUKI (a.k.a Magoichi SAIKA) and others, fought with the army of Miyoshi Sanninshu as a mercenary command.

• 第2条は、いかに風趣、風情を感じさせるかについて、具体的な曲を挙げながらの指導。
• In Section 2, instructions are written on how to have the audience feel the taste and elegance with examples of the particular music pieces.

• 植林や農業指導については、非政府組織などの民間団体が関わったプロジェクトもある。
• Concerning planting trees and providing guidance for farming, there also exist projects participated in by private bodies, such as non-government organizations.

• それぞれ帰国の後はいずれも母国に実験薬理学を移植し、その先駆者、指導者となった。
• After they returned home they all transplanted experimental pharmacology into their own countries and became pioneers and leaders in that field.

• 昌平黌に学んだ後、盛岡藩の藩校である作人館の教授・寮長となり、原敬らを指導する。
• After learning at Shoheiko (Shohei-zaka Gakumon-jo), he became a professor and dormitory superintendent of Sakujinkan, a domain school of the Morioka Domain, and instructed Takashi HARA and others.

• 後に江戸に戻り、芙蓉の日本の篆刻史と称される篆刻を伝え、その指導的な役割を担う。
• Afterward, he returned to Edo, taught Fuyo's tenkoku, which was referred to as the history of Japanese seal engraving, and played a leading role.

• 狛光近の指導により舞踊にも長ずるなど、上流貴族の子弟に相応しい教育を受けていた。
• He received an appropriate education as a child of a high ranking nobility, including dancing lessons by Mitsuchika KOMA, for example.

• 戦時中は軍部からの要請で陸軍中野学校や海軍大学校などで盛平が武術指導を行なった。
• During the war, Morihei taught martial arts at Rikugun Nakano Gakko (Military Army Nakano School), Naval War College, etc., upon request by the military.

• 総監 八木日照（東京・法道院主管、法華講本部指導教師、前・大石寺主任理事）権僧正
• Sokan: Shinei YAGI (shukan of Hodoin Temple in Tokyo, chief kyoshi of the headquarters of Hokke Ko, the former chief riji of Taiseki-ji Temple), gonsojo

• 宗教法の権威者とその解釈として考えられ、同様に政権を持つ上位シーア派の宗教指導者
• a high-ranking Shiite religious leader who is regarded as an authority on religious law and its interpretation and who has political power as well

• - 造幣局 (日本)（大阪）での化学・冶金指導など、古墳研究で考古学にも貢献（英）
• - Served as an adviser in chemistry and metallurgy at Japan's Mint (in Osaka); he also contributed to the field of archeology in the study of kofun (ancient burial mound)

• 生活指導や職業訓練を施して自立を支援し、再犯を防ぐためのプログラムが行われていた。
• Programs were conducted for supporting independence and preventing recidivism by providing lifestyle guidance and professional training.

• そのために先進的な中国の技術を用いた農事指導、溜池築造を行えたのだろうとしている。
• Because of this, AOKI thinks, Obitona was able to provide agricultural support and construction of farm ponds that required the Chinese technology.

• 演出に際して声を荒げたりすることはなかったと、指導を受けた多くの俳優陣は述懐する。
• Many actors who were taught by Ichikawa recall that he did not raise his voice in directing.

• 横浜市駐留のイギリス軍から、神奈川奉行所の下番などが指導を受け、合同演習も行った。
• 下番 of Kanagawa Magistrate's office received trainings from and had exercises jointly with the English army that stationed in Yokohama City.

• 斐三郎はやがて明治政府に呼ばれ、日本軍の鉄砲製造などを含め科学方面の指導者となる。
• Ayasaburo was later called by the Meiji government and became a leader in the science field including manufacturing guns for Japanese army.

• その後、松岡寺の運営を息子蓮慶に、加賀門徒の指導を弟の蓮悟に任せて引退生活に入る。
• After that, Renko left the management of Shoko-ji Temple and the teaching of Kaga followers up to his son Renkei and his brother Rengo, respectively, and lived in retirement.

• 禁制であったキリスト教の信者（キリシタン）の取締まりや取締りのの指導などを行った。
• Shumon aratame-yaku took charge of cracking down on Christians--Christianity was banned--and supervised policing.

• 長崎商館医として着任したが、翌年には鳴滝塾を開いて日本人に医学・博物学の指導を行う。
• He arrived as a physician to Nagasaki Trading House, but he opened Narutakijuku School next year and taught medical science and natural history to the Japanese.

• しかし、西郷の新政府への不満はその富国政策とその指導にあたる大隈ら大蔵官僚にあった。
• Saigo, however, was dissatisfied with the government's policy of national enrichment and the bureaucrats of Okurasho (Ministry of Treasury), including Okuma, who led this policy.

• 10月28日、萩の明倫館（旧藩校）を拠点にして、前原を指導者とする「殉国軍」が挙兵。
• On October 28th, 'Junkoku Gun' (military of patriots willing to die for Japan) was raised, which was led by MAEBARA and was based in Meirinkan school (school of former feudal domain) in Hagi.

• 東京高等工業学校では、陶芸家の板谷波山の指導を受けたほか、窯業の科学的研究を行った。
• He received instruction from the potter, Hazan ITAYA, and conducted scientific studies on ceramic engineering at Tokyo Higher Technical School.

• 東京美術学校(現在の東京芸術大学)の鋳金科に入学し、主任教授津田信夫の指導を受ける。
• He was admitted to the Department of Casting of the Tokyo School of Fine Arts (present Tokyo University of Arts), and studied under the chief professor, Shinobu TSUDA.

• プティジャンは見学の振りをしながら訪れる日本人信者に対し、秘密裏にミサや指導を行う。
• Pretending to be giving the group a tour of the church, father Petitjean would conduct a mass for the visitors in secret.

• 第四議会では、院内総理として自由党を指導し、予算をめぐり、第2次伊藤内閣と対立した。
• In the Forth Diet, he led Liberal Party as a director of the House, and disputed with the Second ITO Cabinet over the budget.

• 1883年朴泳孝ら開化派が発行した「漢城旬報」に井上は翻訳、編集指導として関わった。
• Inoue was engaged in translation and editorial supervision of a Korean newspaper, 'Hanseong Sunbo (Kanjo Junpo)' (Hanseong Ten-day Reports) issued by the Kaika group (advocate for civilization) including Yonghyo PAK (박영효) in 1883.

• 1574年、織田信長の伊勢国長島一向一揆が始まったとき、長島にいる一向宗を指導した。
• When the Nagashima Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers in Nagashima) in Ise Province against Nobunaga ODA arose in 1574, Raitan led the Ikko sect followers in Nagashima.

• それ以来三十年余の長きにわたって、格知学舎で仏教、儒教を中心に漢学の指導に当たった。
• Thereafter, he taught Chinese classics; mainly, Buddhism and Confucianism, at Kakuchi Gakusha for about 30 years.

• エネルギー使用合理化に関する情報の収集及び提供並びに第一号ニに掲げる技術に関する指導
• Collection and provision of information concerning the rational use of energy, and guidance concerning the technology listed in (d) of item (i);

• ブラジルの政治家で、事実上の指導者としてブラジルを支配した（1883年−1954年）
• Brazilian statesman who ruled Brazil as a virtual dictator (1883-1954)

• 英国の政治家、労働党の指導者で、英国で社会福祉制度を設けた（1883年−1967年）
• British statesman and leader of the Labour Party who instituted the welfare state in Britain (1883-1967)

• ノルウェーの指導者で、作品がノルマンディーの最初の侯爵になった（860年−931年）
• Norse chieftain who became the first duke of Normandy (860-931)

• 学習指導要領には大和朝廷の表記が見られるが、歴史教科書の表記は前述のように様々である。
• While government course guidelines employ the term Yamato Imperial Court, Japanese history textbook publishers use various different terms such as those mentioned above.

• 日本最初の鉄道トンネルは石屋川トンネルで、お雇い外国人の指導によるレンガ造りであった。
• The first railroad tunnel in Japan was Ishiyagawa Tunnel and built with bricks under the supervision of 'Oyatoigaijin'.

• 社会主義運動の指導者層が一挙に拘束されたことで、社会主義者らは動揺し、警察に反発した。
• As leaders of the social movement were arrested all together, socialists got upset and rebelled against the police.

• 村落には指導的な立場として村役人・庄屋がおかれ、旧名主層がその役に就くことも多かった。
• Villages were given administrative leaders during the Edo period, called murayakunin (village officers) or shoya (the village head), and these positions were often assumed by former myoshu.

• しかし、大多数の地侍は、侍身分でありながら村落に在住し、村落の指導者としてあり続けた。
• However, the majority of Ji-zamurai stayed in their villages being leaders there despite their position as samurai.

• 救済 (連歌師)（ぐさい）・順覚などの地下（じげ）の連歌師の指導者であったようである。
• He seems to have been a leader of the Jige Rengashi (linked-verse poets of lower class nobles) such as Gusai (Rengashi) and Junkaku.

• 湯屋谷では茶業のみならず、湿田改良などの事業を行い、村人を指導する立場であったらしい。
• In Yuyatani, he not only produced tea but also carried out improvements of wet fields and other operations and he was in a position to guide village people.

• 長年師と仰ぎ指導を受け続けた小野竹喬が1971年に他界した後、高山辰雄の師事を受ける。
• After Chikkyo ONO, whom he looked up to as his mentor, died in 1971, he studied under Tatsuo TAKAYAMA.

• 1909年（明治42年）にピエール＝オーギュスト・ルノワールの指導を受ける機会を得た。
• 1909, he acquired the opportunity to receive guidance from Pierre-Auguste RENOIR.

• 明治7年には指導責任者であるイギリス人のお雇い外国人キンドルと衝突し、造幣局を去った。
• In 1874, he conflicted with Kindle, the leader of foreigners hired to teach new techniques to the Mint Bureau and Endo lef the Mint Bureau.

• 刑事事件に関する法令に基づいて検察官、検察事務官又は司法警察職員がする処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions and Administrative Guidance rendered by public prosecutors, public prosecutor's assistant officer, or judicial police official pursuant to laws and regulations relating to criminal cases;

• 1906年、再度渡米し、通訳として鈴木大拙を伴い、アメリカ人に対して禅指導を行なった。
• In 1906, he visited the US again accompanied by Daisetsu SUZUKI as an interpreter and lectured on Zen Buddhism to Americans.

• また継承者が「危険な古流の技術はもう必要ない世の中になった」とし指導を辞める例もある。
• And some successors stop teaching the koryu jujutsu, saying the world does not need its dangerous techniques any more.

• ただし、両者とも役者としては優秀であったが、業界を牽引するという指導力には欠けていた。
• However, although both were very good actors, they lacked the skills to lead the industry.

• 具体的には、栽培技術の指導が施されたり、地方自治体から助成金・補助金などが給付される。
• More specifically, guidance for cultivation technique is given, or grants, subsidies and so on are provided by the municipality.

• アメリカの革命指導者で、独立宣言の署名者のうちの1人であった（1742年−1798年）
• American Revolutionary leader who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (1742-1798)

• こうした累代の国追捕使は国内武士の指導者、つまり「一国棟梁」として国内武士を組織化した。
• Such successive koku-tsuibushi in a province organized samurai in the province as the leader of the samurai in the province, or as 'Ikkoku-toryo' (the provincial leader).

• 文物だけでなく、知識を身につけた留学生や留学僧も日本に戻って指導的な役割を果たしている。
• It was not only products of culture that were brought back; scholars and monks who obtained knowledge in Tang returned to Japan and played leading roles.

• 上記の意味から転じて、日本武術の指導者のこと（必ずしも家元にあたる者を指すとは限らない）
• From above meaning, Shike also implies leader of Japanese martial art (not necessary the head family).

• 文久元年(1861年)には長崎に遊学し、長崎南画派の祖門鉄翁、木下逸雲らの指導を受けた。
• In 1861, he went to Nagasaki to receive training at the Nagasaki Nanga school of art from Tetsuo SOMON and Itsuun KINOSHITA.

• 国家公務員倫理規程の遵守のための体制整備に関し、各省各庁の長等に指導及び助言を行うこと。
• Providing guidance and advice to the heads of each ministry and agency, etc. concerning arrangement of system for observance of the National Public Service Ethics Code.

• また密教においては仏典だけに捉われず、口伝や仏意などを以って弟子を指導することができる。
• Also, in Esoteric Buddhism, a master can teach his disciples not only by Buddhist scriptures but also by kuden (oral instruction) or butsui (the Buddha's intention).

• 善鸞などの隠し念仏の善知識と呼ばれる指導者は、『御書』をよむことができ、儀式を執り行う。
• The leaders of kakushi nenbutsu, including Zenran, are called 'zen chishiki' (kalyaana-mitra, a Sanskrit word which means a person who offers spiritual friendship and guidance), and they can read 'Gosho' (secret books) and hold the rituals of kakushi nenbutsu.

• ヨーロッパの空手は、1960年代以降、日本から空手指導員が派遣されるという形で広まった。
• In Europe, karate spread after the 1960's through karate instructors dispatched from Japan to Europe.

• 前条第一項の規定による主務大臣に対する申出をしようとする者に対し指導又は助言を行うこと。
• provide guidance or advice to a person who intends to make a notification to the competent minister pursuant to the provision of Paragraph 1 of the preceding article;

• 武者小路実篤の提唱した「新しき村」の思想に感化され、伊吹山麗の「愛の村」で青年 を指導。
• Inspired by the concept of 'Atarashiki Mura' (new village) propounded by Saneatsu MUSHANOKOJI, he taught young people in 'Ai no Mura' (village of love) at the foot of Mt. Ibuki.

• 米国の宗教指導者で、現在はエホバの証人と呼ばれる宗派を設立した（1852年−1916年）
• United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)

• だが、研究会_(貴族院)の指導者三島弥太郎の工作によって3月25日に修正付きで可決された。
• But by the maneuvering of Yataro MISHIMA, the leader of a study group (in the House of Peers), the bill was approved with amendments on March 25.

• 1872年には、英人エドモンド・モレルの指導により新橋－横浜間に日本最初の鉄道が開通した。
• In 1872, under the leadership of Edmund Morel of England, Japan's first railway line was opened, running between Shinbashi and Yokohama.

• 当時の指導者が、政治家が統帥権をも握ることにより幕府政治が再興される可能性をおそれたこと。
• The leaders at that time were afraid of the revival of the government by the shogunate if statesmen acquired the supreme command,

• 畜舎・家畜の保護措置、農産物・飼料の覆い、電子・精密機械に侵入する微粒子の遮蔽措置を指導。
• It is guided how to protect livestock barns and livestock, how to cover farm products and fodder, and how to prevent fine particles from intruding in electronic or precision machines.

• 以来、東京府、千葉県、茨城県の各地で農業技術の研究を行うとともに、指導者としても活躍した。
• Since then, he worked on the studies of agricultural techniques and technology in Tokyo, Chiba and Ibaraki Prefectures, while he also passed on his knowledge to following farmers as an advisor of agricultural methods.

• 皇太子の外戚となった師輔は朝政を指導し、村上天皇の元で師輔らが行った政治を天暦の治という。
• Being related to the Imperial Prince, Morosuke lead the Imperial Court, and Emperor Murakami's government, which was supported by Morosuke, was called the Tenryaku no chi.

• また後天明8年（1788年）上尾宿で二賢堂をたて「聚正義塾」を開き、郷党の指導にあたった。
• Furthermore, in 1788, Unshitsu built Jikendo school in Ageo-shuku, founded 'Shusei-gijuku' private school where he educated kyoto (people from the same hometown) of Ageo-shuku.

• 万治3年（1660年）には豊後国岡藩主中川久清の招聘を受け竹田に赴き土木指導などを行った。
• In 1660, at the invitation of Hisakiyo NAKAGAWA, who was the feudal lord of the Oka Domain of Bungo Province, Banzan went to Takeda and gave advice including that about construction work.

• また、演技指導に関しては、積極的に自ら模範演技をしてみせ、プロの俳優はだしであったという。
• When advising actors on their performance, he often showed them model performances, which put professional actors to shame.

• 彼は化学工芸の指導などを職務とし、理化学器械の製造のため出入りしていた源蔵にも接していた。
• His major task was to teach chemistry to Japanese people and he also had chance to contact with Genzo who visited the place in order to make laboratory instruments.

• その後、彰子は指導力に乏しい弟たちに代えて一門を統率し、頼通らと協力して摂関政治を支えた。
• Over the next few years, by replacing younger brothers lacking leadership skills, Shoshi assumed leadership of the family and, with the support of Yorimichi and others, helped sustain the system of regents.

• 受刑者には、矯正処遇を行うほか、次の各号に掲げる期間において、当該各号に定める指導を行う。
• In addition to the implementation of correctional treatment, the guidance as is specified in the following items shall be given to sentenced persons during the period as listed respectively in those items:

• 伝法灌頂（でんぼうかんじょう）とは、阿闍梨（あじゃり）という指導者の位を授ける儀式である。
• Denpo-kanjo is a ceremony to confer the title of master called Ajari (a master in esoteric Buddhism; a high priest).

• 平成に入ると、建設省の指導を受けつつ伝統的工法に限りなく近づけた天守の建築が盛んになった。
• After the Heisei period set in, Tenshu came to be actively constructed by construction methods as close to traditional methods as possible under the guidance of the Ministry of Construction.

• 英国の肖像画家で、反ナポレオン連合の指導者の一連の肖像で知られる（1769年−1830年）
• English portrait painter remembered for the series of portraits of the leaders of the alliance against Napoleon (1769-1830)

• １０年目になるまで、戦争は本気では始まっちゃいなくて、主な指導者はほとんど死んじゃいない。
• It was not till the tenth year that the war began in real earnest, and scarcely any of the chief leaders had fallen.

• 1894年に閉鎖されるまで小林万吾、伊藤快彦、和田英作、三宅克己、木下藤次郎などを指導した。
• Until the school was closed in 1894, Naojiro taught students including Mango KOBAYASHI, Yoshihiko ITO, Eisaku WADA, Kokki MIYAKE, and Tojiro KINOSHITA.

• 最も早い時期の模写は数え11歳の時であり、父である栄信の指導、発想があったのではと疑われる。
• He first tried his hand at copying at the age of eleven, and is thought to have been undertaken under the instruction of his father, Naganobu.

• その際に鎌倉における歌壇を指導し、「藤ヶ谷式目」を作るなどして鎌倉連歌の発展に貢献している。
• On the occasions, he instructed poetry circles in Kamakura and contributed to the development of the renga (linked verse) by composing 'Fujigaya Shikimoku.'

• だが、一族の指導的な存在であった藤原（中臣）鎌足の死後、一族の中心人物として急速に出世する。
• But after the death of FUJIWARA (Nakatomi) no Kamatari who was a leader of the family, he moved up rapidly as a central figure in the family.

• 支部は、協会の目的の達成に資するため、支部に所属する協会員に対する指導、連絡及び監督を行う。
• Each branch shall, for the purpose of contributing to the achievement of the Association's purpose, provide guidance for, maintain liaison with, and conduct supervision on Association members that belong to that branch.

• 刑事施設の長は、法務省令で定める基準に従い、第一項各号に定める指導を行う日及び時間を定める。
• The warden of the penal institution shall, in accordance with the standards provided for by a Ministry of Justice Ordinance, decide on the day and time in which he/she conducts the guidance prescribed in the items of paragraph (1).

• 刑事施設の長は、法務省令で定める基準に従い、前二条の規定による指導を行う日及び時間を定める。
• The warden of the penal institution shall determine the date and time of the guidance prescribed in the preceding two articles in accordance with the standards provided for by a Ministry of Justice Ordinance.

• またはその流派や道場から門下生を指導教授する者に対して与えられる職位または免許・称号のこと。
• Or, it is a job grade, license, and title granted to teachers who instruct students from school or Dojo (training hall).

• 荒俣宏の小説・帝都物語では、加持祈祷による米英ソの戦争指導者の呪殺を画策する事になっている。
• In the novel 'Teito Monogatari' (The tale of the Imperial Capital) by Hiroshi ARAMATA, he is supposed to plan killing the war leaders in the USA, the UK and Soviet Union through curses.

• 慶応3年（1867年）には再び郷里に戻り、上山市の明新館の督学となって後進の指導にあたった。
• In 1867, he returned to his home town again, became tokugaku (a school inspector) of Meishinkan in Kaminoyama City, and taught the younger generation.

• しかし、本格的な指導は、富名腰義珍（後の船越義珍）や本部朝基らが本土へ渡った大正以降である。
• However, full-fledged karate education developed after the Taisho period, when Gichin FUNAKOSHI and Choki MOTOBU migrated to the Japanese mainland.

• 米国独立戦争の指導者で、アメリカ植民地の独立を求める決議を提案した（1732年−1794年）
• leader of the American Revolution who proposed the resolution calling for independence of the American Colonies (1732-1794)

• なお、秩父事件の指導部は蜂起時点ではこの自由党解党の情報を認知していなかったと考えられている。
• It is assumed that the leaders of Chichibu Incident had not got information on the dissolution of the Liberal Party at the time of the uprising.

• 以後も研究会は最大会派の地位は保ったものの、有能な政治指導者を欠き政治的発言力を失っていった。
• Kenkyukai remained to be the biggest parliamentary faction, but without capable political leaders, it lost political influence.

• その指導内容はまさに日系人の食生活そのものだったことから、日本食が広く注目されるようになった。
• As the dietary habits exhorted in the guideline completely agreed with those of the Japanese descents, Japanese foods came to attract considerable attention.

• この徴兵検査の際に白い越中褌の着用が指導されることで、擬似的な「褌祝」に相当するようになった。
• This examination for conscription became a pseudo 'fundoshi iwai,' because the government instructed the people to wear a white Etchu fundoshi loincloth at all examinations for conscription.

• 母校で後進の指導に当たりながら、正倉院宝物や楽浪漆器など幅広い古典技法の研究と応用作品を発表。
• ROKKAKU studied a variety of classical techniques associated with the Shosoin Treasures, Rakuro lacquer ware, etc. and actually applied those techniques to his own works while teaching at his old school.

• 倫理監督官は、自衛隊員の職務に係る倫理の保持に関し、必要な指導及び助言並びに体制の整備を行う。
• The ethics supervisory officer shall provide necessary guidance and advice and arrange a system for the maintenance of ethics pertaining to the duties of the self-defense forces personnel.

• 昭和に入ると、摩文仁賢和、宮城長順、遠山寛賢らも本土へ渡って、唐手の指導に当たるようになった。
• In the early Showa period, Kenwa MABUNI, Chojun MIYAGI and Kanken TOYAMA migrated to the Japanese mainland and taught karate there.

• このため、1495年（明応4年）には加賀一揆の指導者で反政元派の河井宣久の粛清を容認している。
• As a result, in 1495 Jitsunyo gave his approval to purge Senji KAWAI, leader of the Kaga Ikki (revolt) and member of the anti-Masamoto faction, from the religious establishment.

• そこで、遠州の指導を受けた膳所焼は評判を上げ、茶入や水指などは諸大名らの贈答品として重宝された。
• With guidance from Enshu, Zeze-yaki Pottery earned a reputation and its chaire (tea container), mizusashi (water jug), and so on were appreciated as gifts for feudal lords.

• 為兼は伏見の信任を背景に二条派と並ぶ歌壇の一方の指導者となっただけでなく、政務にも深く関与した。
• Tamekane was trusted by Fushimi and was the leader of the leading tanka (short poem) circle other than the Nijo school, and was also heavily involved in government affairs.

• 日本が初めて直面した近代戦争である日清戦争と日露戦争では、天皇は大本営で直接戦争指導に当たった。
• In the first War Japan was involved in, the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, the Emperor directly trained the soldiers at the Imperial headquarters.

• 高杉らは西洋式兵制を採用した奇兵隊の創設をはじめとする軍制改革に着手、大村にその指導を要請する。
• Takasugi undertook military reforms such as the creation of the Kiheitai (irregular militia) and adopting a Western-style military, asking Omura to train them.

• 管領への就任で幕政を指導し、また幼少の足利義満を補佐して、半済令の施行や南朝との和睦などを行う。
• After being assigned as Kanrei, he led the shogunate government implementing Hanzeirei (order allowing military governors, or Shugo, to collect half of the taxes from manors and demesnes as military fund) and making peace with the Southern Court while assisting the youthful Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA.

• 宋の商人陳和卿は、船の難破により博多にとどまっていたところを重源に雇われ、指導することとなった。
• A merchant from Sung, CHIN Nakei, who stayed in Hakata due to wreck of his ship, was hired by Chogen as a leader.

• 自由党幹部として、中央政界の傍ら福島県会議員、県会議長として県議会においても指導的立場にあった。
• He played the leading role not only in the national political arena as a Liberal Party executive, but also in a prefectural assembly as an assembly member of Fukushima Prefecture and a chairman of the assembly.

• 元就が構築した政治体制は領内の国人領主や地方勢力との共生を念頭とした典型的な集団指導体制である。
• The political system Motonari built was a typical collective leadership system that attempted to balance the coexistence of the kokujin lords and local powers within the territory.

• 長寿だったため、縁者である若者鮎川義介（実姉常子の孫）や鮎川の義弟久原房之助への指導もしている。
• Having a long life, teaching his young relative Yoshisuke AYUKAWA (a grandson of his real sister Tsuneko) and AYUKAWA's brother-in-law Fusanosuke KUHARA.

• 重源自らも中国で建築・土木技術を習得したといわれ、中国の技術者陳和卿の協力を得て職人を指導した。
• It is said that Chogen himself also studied architecture and civil engineering in China, and he guided the construction workers with the cooperation of Chinese engineer CHEN Heqing.

• 送配電等業務の円滑な実施を確保するため必要な電気事業者に対する指導、勧告その他の業務を行うこと。
• Give guidance or make recommendations to Electricity Utilities or perform other services necessary for ensuring the smooth performance of the Services for Electricity Transmission and Distribution, etc.

• 泰時はこの難局にあたり、頼朝から政子にいたる専制体制に代わり、集団指導制、合議政治を打ち出した。
• Facing this difficult time, Yasutoki launched a system of group instruction and council politics instead of the autocratic system that had been employed in the days of Yoritomo to Masako.

• ブームを加速させたのは、1977年に連邦政府が発表した食生活改善指導（食生活指針アメリカ）である。
• The boom was accelerated following the announcement of 'Dietary guidelines in the U.S.' (a guidance aimed at improving the dietary habits) by the federal government in 1977.

• 主に西洋内科の医学書を翻訳し、内科の発展に寄与しながら私塾・蘭馨堂を開いて後進の指導にもあたった。
• He taught younger people in his private school, Rankeido while he contributed to the development of internal medicine, mainly translating the medical books of the Western internal medicine.

• デ・レーケが指導や建設した砂防ダムや防波堤は、100年以上経過した現在でも日本各所に現存している。
• Erosion-control dams and breakwaters that were built under de Rijke's supervision still exist throughout Japan, after more than 100 years.

• 印旛県では茶の生産拡大や牧場設置のためにホーレス・ケプロンを招聘して指導を受けるなどの政策を行う。
• In the Inba Prefecture, he took policies such as the increase of tea production and the invitation of Horace CAPRON in order to found a ranch and was taught by him.

• 江戸の蘭学者で指導的な地位にあった大槻玄沢も、この吉雄家洋間のオランダ正月に参加して感銘を受けた。
• Gentaku OTSUKI who was a Rangaku scholar in Edo and was in a leading position in the area participated in the Oranda Shogatsu party in the western room of the Yoshio family and was very impressed.

• 通常、流内の政治的な把握と、芸事に関する指導とをともに行い、流儀の正統性の由来とされることが多い。
• Iemoto usually takes control of politics within the school, conducts training, and is often considered the legitimate origin of the school's style.

• 第1次十字軍のノーマンの指導者で、エルサレムの攻略で重要な役割を果たした（1078年−1112年）
• Norman leader in the First Crusade who played an important role in the capture of Jerusalem (1078-1112)

• 米国の労働指導者、好戦的な社会主義者で、世界の労働者の創始者のうちの1人（1869年−1928年）
• United States labor leader and militant socialist who was one of the founders of the Industrial Workers of the World (1869-1928)

• 更に職員を各地に派遣して、測量や地価算定の直接指揮・指導することによって地租改正事業の促進を図った。
• Moreover, it promoted the Land-Tax Reform project by dispatching officials to various parts of country and giving direct commands and instructions on survey and land value calculation.

• はじめは英語の塾で学んでいたが、1875年(明治8年)に彰技堂で国沢新九郎の指導のもと油絵を学んだ。
• At first, he enrolled in an English-language school but transferred to Shogido (Western-style private art school), where he learned oil painting under the guidance of Shinkuro KUNISAWA.

• 申請人が教育を受けようとする教育機関に外国人学生の生活の指導を担当する常勤の職員が置かれていること。
• The relevant vocational school or the miscellaneous educational institution must have a full-time adviser assisting foreign students with life in Japan.

• よって「組織結成許可願」と指導教師のない団体は日蓮正宗の正規の信徒団体とはいえないことになっている。
• Thus, groups which do not hold 'Soshiki Kessei Kyoka Negai' and do not have any chief kyoshi is not officially considered as a religious group of Nichiren Shoshu Sect.

• 米国の宗教指導者（ボヘミア生まれ）で、米国で改革ユダヤ人の組織を結合させた（1819年−1900年）
• United States religious leader (born in Bohemia) who united reform Jewish organizations in the United States (1819-1900)

• 1894年10月9日全琫準を指導者とする東学農民軍が侵入した日本軍を秀吉軍の再来と受け止め再蜂起した。
• On October 9, 1894, armed peasants in Tonghak led by Jeon Bong Jun regarded the invading Japanese troops as the second army of Hideyoshi and rose against it.

• 一方では高校生を対象とする歌舞伎教室を開催、「若鮎の会」を主宰して若手俳優の指導など人材育成に努めた。
• However, he made efforts to develop human resources including holding kabuki classes for high-school students and instructing young actors and actresses by leading 'wakaayu-no-kai (group of young sweetfish).'

• 杜氏の統率の下に部門別に工程を分担し、蔵人の直接指導をする責任者であり、中間管理職のような役割も負う。
• These people take partial charge of the brewing process by section and directly instruct kurabito under the command of the toji, and they also play a role of middle level executives.

• この風潮は守護大名から荘園領主、惣村指導者、土倉などの有力商人、果ては一般民衆まで社会全体に定着した。
• This trend was established in the whole society among Shugo daimyo, lords of the manor, leaders of the soson (a community consisting of peasants' self-governing associations), prominent merchants such as the doso (pawnbrokers and moneylenders), and even commoners.

• ウサギの生産・養蚕・馬産を奨励、さらに納豆、豆腐の製法も教え、乾田での馬耕も指導、着々と成果をあげた。
• He steadily achieved results--he encouraged to stock breeding rabbits and horses, raise silkworms, while he also gave instructions on how to produce natto (fermented soybeans) and tofu (bean curd), and the plow method of a dry rice field utilizing horse power.

• 奈良 専二（なら せんじ、1822年−1892年5月4日）は、香川県出身の老農（篤農家）・農業指導者。
• Senji NARA (1822 - May 4, 1892) was an exemplary farmer and agricultural advisor, who was born in Kagawa Prefecture.

• 中村直三（なかむら なおぞう、1819年 - 1882年）は、奈良県出身の老農（篤農家）・農業指導者。
• Naozo NAKAMURA (1819 - 1882) was an exemplary farmer and agricultural advisor, who was born in Nara Prefecture.

• オルガンティノは右近とともに表向き棄教した小西行長の領地・小豆島に逃れ、そこから京都の信徒を指導した。
• Organtino, together with Ukon, escaped to Shodo-shima Island, which was a territory under the control of Yukinaga KONISHI who ostensibly renounced Christianity, and gave instructions to Christians in Kyoto from there.

• 1150年（久安6年）には日本浄土宗の祖法然が入門し、天台教学・浄土教学を指導し、大乗戒を授けている。
• When Honen, the founder of Nihon Jodo Sect, became his disciple in 1150, he taught Honen Tendai doctrine as well as Jodo doctrine and granted Mahayana precepts.

• 海軍伝習に訪れたオランダ海軍の教師団のうちの海兵隊員らから、歩兵戦闘や隊員の指導を受けたこともあった。
• They had received trainings including the training on the battle of foot soldiers from the marines among the Dutch army's instructors who visited for navy training.

• ただし父が存命中には実権が無かったためにそう答えるしかなく、父の死後はある程度の指導力を発揮している。
• However, he just had to answer so because he didn't have real power while his father was alive, and then showed a measure of leadership after his death.

• カトリックのフランシス・アリンゼら、世界の七大宗教の指導者24人が比叡山に集い、世界の平和を祈願した。
• 24 leaders from the seven biggest religions all over the world including Francis Arinze from the Catholic church gathered at Mt. Hiei, and prayed for the world peace.

• このうち、不平士族を中心にした段階の運動を士族民権、農村指導者層を中心にした段階の運動を豪農民権という。
• The movement dominated by dissatisfied shizoku was termed the 'Shizoku Minken' (Popular rights movement among shizoku), whereas one dominated by leading members in rural villages was called the 'Gono Minken' (Popular rights movement among wealthy farmers).

• 日本書紀における長門城、大野城 (筑前国)、基肄城の記事に「亡命百済貴族が築城の指導に当たった」とある。
• In the Nihon-shoki, it is written, 'The castle was built under the direction of exiled nobles of Kudara (Baekje, Paekche)' in the articles about Nagato-jo Castle, Ono-jo Castle (Chikuzen Province) and Kii-jo Castle.

• また、砂漠緑化や農業指導などは、日本など発生国以外の国も協力可能であり、実際に各地で活動が行われている。
• The nations where no kosa is produced, such as Japan, can also aid the activities to plant trees in deserts and to guide farming methods, and such activities have actually been done in various places.

• なお朝鮮では1884年に洪英植の指導の下で近代的郵便事業が開始されていたが、甲申政変の影響で閉鎖された。
• A modern postal service was established in Korea in 1884 under the leadership of Hong Young Shik, which had to be closed due to Gapsin Coup.

• 顧客との間に紛争がひん発し、又は使用人に対する指導監督が不適切であるため紛争がひん発するおそれがある場合
• in the case where disputes with a customer occur frequently or disputes are likely to occur frequently due to the inappropriate instruction and supervision of employees;

• 米国の市民権指導者で、人種差別に反対する国家運動を先導し、大統領候補指名に立候補した（1941年生まれ）
• United States civil rights leader who led a national campaign against racial discrimination and ran for presidential nomination (born in 1941)

• 突然独裁者である義教を失った幕府は、管領の細川持之の指導力が欠如していたことから機能停止に陥ってしまった。
• The bakufu that lost Yoshinori, an absolute ruler, came to a standstill as the kanrei, Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA, lacked leadership.

• 築き堤奉行には蜂須賀正勝が任命され、宇喜多忠家が黒田官兵衛の指導のもと難所の門前村から下出田村までを担当。
• Masakatsu HACHISUKA was put in charge of the embankment while Tadaie UKITA, under the direction of Kanbei KURODA, was in charge of the difficult area from Monzen Village to Shimoideta Village.

• しかし戦後1955年に17代預師範加計静堂の没するを以て預師範制度を廃止し、以後は家元が直接指導している。
• However, when the 17th entrusted instructor, Seido KAKEI died in 1955 after the war, the system was abolished, and the head family has been directly teaching the desciples since then.

• そのためには、技術開発を進め、専門家が指導を行って、砂漠化防止活動を長期間持続できるようにする必要がある。
• Therefore, it is necessary to develop the technologies needed for these measures and to guide people by specialists concerned, to make the activities for preventing desertification continue for a long period of time.

• 化学に転向し、マンチェスター・オーエンスカレッジに移り、ロスコー、ショーレマン両教授の指導下で研究に従事。
• To study chemistry instead, he transferred to Owens College, Manchester, where he devoted himself to research under the direction of Professor Roscoe and Professor Sholeman.

• 塚原卜伝からの指導を受け、鎌倉から江戸までの征夷大将軍の中でも、最も武術の優れた人物として伝えられている。
• Instructed by Bokuden TSUKAHARA, Yoshiteru was said to be the most skillful swordsman among the Seii Taishogun between the Kamakura period and the Edo period.

• 大坂の陣後に江戸幕府が禁中並公家諸法度を施行すると、朝廷がその実施を怠りなく行うよう指導と監視に当たった。
• When the Edo bakufu implemented Kinchu narabi ni kuge shohatto (Acts Governing the Imperial Court and Nobility) following the Siege of Osaka, Katsushige directed and monitored implementation of the ordinances by the Imperial Court to ensure that the laws were not being ignored.

• 熊野三山が別当家の指導のもと、上皇方について鎌倉幕府と戦った承久の乱後には、定豪という人物が就任している。
• The person named Jogo was appointed to betto after the Jokyu War in which Kumano Sanzan fought on the retired Emperor's side against Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) under the guidance of the betto's family.

• 流派や道場にもよるが、師範代の免許を有することではじめて門下生・後進の指導に参画することができるとされる。
• The license of shihandai enables one to instruct students or younger members; it depends on the school or Dojo.

• 円形の坐蒲の下に座布団（76cm×71cm）を敷くことがあるが、一般には指導者クラスの者しか敷いていない。
• A zabuton (76cm x 71cm) may be used underneath the zafu, but generally it is only for a leader.

• こうした指導により「浄土真宗」又は「真宗」と呼ばれるようになり、浄土真宗内部では正式には使われなくなった。
• Under Rennyo's instructions, the Jodo Shinshu sect became to be called 'the Jodo Shinshu sect' or 'the Shinshu,' and the name 'Ikkoshu' was no longer formally used inside the Jodo Shinshu sect.

• 明治初期に来日し、工部美術学校で彫刻を指導したイタリア人ヴィンチェンツォ・ラグーザの作品も指定されている。
• The 'modern masterpiece' designation was given to a work by Vincenzo Ragusa, an Italian who came to Japan and taught sculpture at a school of craft and art.

• 実務修習の講師及び指導者は、弁理士であって、その実務に通算して七年以上従事した経験を有するものであること。
• A trainer or leader of the practical training shall be a patent attorney who has an experience of engaging in the practice for seven or more years.

• 作庭は醍醐の花見が終わった4月から始められ、その年の8月に秀吉が死去した後は義演の指導のもとで続けられた。
• The construction of the garden started in April after the cherry blossom-viewing party at Daigo ended, and, after Hideyoshi died in August, was continued under guidance of Gien.

• ソーク族の指導者で、1832年に米国に敵対するフォックスとソークの兵士を指揮した（1767年−1838年）
• Sauk leader who in 1832 led Fox and Sauk warriors against the United States (1767-1838)

• 米騒動には統一的な指導者は存在しなかったが、一部民衆を扇動したとして和歌山県で2名が死刑の判決を受けている。
• Although there was no unified leader in rice riots, 2 people got a death penalty in Wakayama Prefecture for encouraging some people.

• 史実ではないが、伝説によると、達磨がインドから伝え、嵩山少林寺で指導した心身の修行法が少林拳の起源とされる。
• It is not a historical fact, but according to a legend, the origin of Shaolin kung fu is the mental and physical training method that Dharma brought from India and taught in the Songshan Shaolin Monastery.

• 荘園公領制の弱体化と惣村の発達に伴い、沙汰人は惣村とのつながりを強めていき、惣村の指導者となることもあった。
• Along with the weakening of shoen koryo sei and the development of the soson, the satanin strengthened the relationship with the soson and sometimes became a leader of the soson.

• 義弥の孫義央が、儀典の指導に関して浅野長矩との間に確執を生じ、元禄赤穂事件に発展したことはよく知られている。
• It is well known that, Yoshinaka, a grandson of Yoshimitsu, caused a discord with Naganori ASANO regarding the guidance of the protocol, and it developed into the Genroku Ako Incident.

• この頃から、百済復興軍のなかで、指導部である扶余福信（鬼室福信）や扶余豊（扶余豊璋）に対する批判がおこった。
• Since around this time, Fukushin Fuyo (Fukushin Kishitsu) and Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO), who were the leading members of the Baekje revival forces, attracted criticism from the forces.

• 2世池坊専好は後水尾天皇に召し出されて立花を指導し、宮中における立花会の判者にもなっており、法橋に叙された。
• The second Senko IKENOBO was called by the Emperor Gomizunoo and taught him the rikka style, and became the judge of rikka ceremonies held at the palace and was given the title of Hokkyo (A title of honor that is given to Buddhist sculptors, painters, poets, etc).

• 報告又は物件の提出を命ずる処分その他その職務の遂行上必要な情報の収集を直接の目的としてされる処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions ordering submission of reports or articles, and any other Dispositions and Administrative Guidance rendered with the express purpose of collecting information necessary for the performance of administrative duties;

• 勧学とは、近世末から日本仏教の宗派の中で、教学の研鑽をきわめた指導的立場の僧侶に与えている称号のことである。
• Kangaku (Kangaku ranking) means the title to be given to Buddhist monks who are in a commanding position with a high level of education and learning in religious schools of Japanese Buddhism after the end of modern times.

• また各流派には宗家以外にも江戸期に各地の大名家に仕えて能楽の技術指導を行ってきた由緒ある家柄が存在している。
• Besides Soke, there are families that traditionally provided technical instructions of Nohgaku to Daimyo families (feudal lord families) in each school during the Edo period.

• 乱取り稽古を行わない会派では、養神館合気道や岩間神信合氣修練会が積極的に護身術としての合気道を指導している。
• Among factions that don't practice randori, Yoshinkan aikido and Iwama-shinshin-aikishurenkai (Iwama school) actively teach aikido as an art of self-defense.

• アメリカ人の革命指導者（プロシア生まれ）で、ジョージ・ワシントンの下で軍を訓練した（1730年−1794年）
• American Revolutionary leader (born in Prussia) who trained the troops under George Washington (1730-1794)

• 革命の指導者オリバー・クロムウェルは1649年にチャールズ1世 (イングランド王)を処刑し、王政が廃止された。
• In 1649, Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the revolution, executed Charles I (then King of England) and abolished the monarchy.

• 大工、建具製作等の特技をもつ者にはそれらを訓練させ、特技のない者には単純軽作業（手内職）や土木作業を指導した。
• Those who had skills of carpentry and production of fittings were let to train them, and those who had no special skills were instructed to do simple labor (manual sideline work) and civil engeneering work.

• 1874年（明治7年）3月から機関誌『明六雑誌』(岩波文庫全3巻)を発行、開化期の啓蒙に指導的役割を果たした。
• Their bulletin, 'Meiroku zasshi' (three volumes in total, Iwanami bunko), was first issued in March 1874, and it played a leadership role in educating people during the Civilization and Enlightenment period.

• 特に東日本では村落の指導的立場を名主と称する習わしが残り、多くの地域で村役人の筆頭が名主（なぬし）と呼ばれた。
• In many eastern regions, the custom of calling village heads myoshu persisted and the chief village officer was called nanushi in many of these regions.

• 京八流は、平安時代末期に源義経を指導したといわれる陰陽師・鬼一法眼の8人の弟子に発すると伝わる（真偽は不明）。
• It is said that Kyo-Hachiryu was founded by eight disciples of Hogen KIICHI, onmyoji (Master of Yin yang) who was said to have instructed MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune during the late Heian period (the truth of this remains to be confirmed).

• そこで、海軍軍医・高木兼寛の指導で洋食を導入した結果、脚気患者の発生が激減し、一人の死者も出ることがなかった。
• So, as a result of introducing Western food under the guidance of a naval surgeon Kanehiro TAKAGI, the number of the beriberi sufferers decreased dramatically, and no one had died of beriberi.

• 唯一、美濃の侠客水野弥太郎の元を訪れて博徒中心の、民兵300名を軍隊風に指揮指導していたらしいとの記録がある。
• The only existing record is that he visited Yataro MIZUNO, a kyokaku in Mino and commanded 300 militiamen who were mainly bakuto (itinerant gamblers).

• 後に二代目陶作の頃、小堀遠江守政一（小堀遠州）が朝日焼を庇護、そして指導したため、名を一躍高めることとなった。
• Subsequently, the second generation Tosaku has boosted the reputation of Asahi yaki under the protection and guidance of Totoumi no kami (the Governor of Totoumi Province), Masaichi KOBORI (also known as Enshu KOBORI).

• 現実の仏である釈迦牟尼世尊のいない現在、いかに仏の指導を得て、成仏の保証を得るかと考えたところから希求された。
• Because the real Shakyamuni seson (World-Honored One; honorific name for Gautama Buddha) no longer existed, the idea of Birth in the Pure Land was conceived to seek assurance in the attainment of Buddhahood by receiving the guidance of Buddha.

• 同年、米沢藩の片山塾でも指導を仰いだが、実家の都合により中途退学し、明円寺に戻って僧侶となる修行に取り組んだ。
• In the same year, he went to Katayama Juku (the Yonezawa domain's hanko), but quit for some reason related to his parents' home, and then he returned to Meien-ji Temple and implemented ascetic practices to become a priest.

• 徳富蘇峰主宰の碧巌会の講師をつとめ、政・財界、夏目漱石居士ら知識人への講義・指導を通じて多くの信奉者をもった。
• He was a lecturer at Hekigan-kai organized by Soho TOKUTOMI, and had many followers through lectures and instructions for the political and financial circles as well as for intellectuals including Soseki NATSUME as a Buddhist layman.

• 多くの地方自治体では落ち葉やせん定した枝葉は燃やせるゴミとして排出するか、堆肥化して処分するよう指導している。
• Many local governments instruct people to remove fallen leaves and branches and use them as burnable garbage or to dispose with in composting.

• 従って高段位である指導者層の変遷に伴い、時代による射技・射型の流行・廃れが現代弓道の1つの特徴として見られる。
• Thus, with the change taking place in the high dan-i instructor class, the rising and fading popularity of shooting techniques and shooting forms over time is viewed as one of the characteristics of today's Kyudo.

• 飲用は慢性消化器病に効く（飲泉は、医師の指導を受け、飲用の許可がおりている場所で、注意事項を守って行うこと）。
• Drinking of chloride spring water is effective for chronic digestive diseases (drinking should be done according to instructions from a doctor, at the place where drinking is permitted as well as in compliance with the necessary precautions).

• さらに、墓石に特別な意味を持たせることもないので、五輪塔の建立はしないように指導し、墓の向きにもこだわらない。
• Further, as Jodo Shinshu Sect does not place any particular significance on a gravestone, it instructs monto not to build gorinto (a gravestone composed of five pieces piled up one upon another) and not to stick to the direction of gravestone.

• 米国の公民権運動の指導者、政治活動家で、アフリカ系アメリカ人の平等の推進運動を行った（1868年−1963年）
• United States civil rights leader and political activist who campaigned for equality for Black Americans (1868-1963)

• 李氏朝鮮時代、日常生活に浸透した朱子学を思想的基盤とした両班は知識人・道徳的指導者を輩出する身分階層に発展した。
• During the Yi Dynasty Korea period, yangban (traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea during the Joseon Dynasty), which had Neo-Confucianism permeate their daily lives as their ideological foundation, grew into a status hierarchy that produced intellectual people and ethical leaders.

• 指導的仏師としては、東大寺大仏の責任者：国中連麻呂、興福寺の十大弟子八部衆制作の将軍万福などが記録に残っている。
• Names of leading sculptors of Buddhist statues recorded in history include KUNINAKA no Murajimaro, who was responsible for the construction of the Great Buddha at Todai-ji Temple, and Manpuku SHOGUN, who produced Judaideshi and Hachibushu (Ten Great Disciples and Eight Guardian Devas) at Manpuku-ji Temple.

• とくに杜氏は人的需要が間に合わず、出張というかたちで各地の酒蔵を転々とし、現地の人材を指導して回ったりしていた。
• In particular, the supply of toji personnel could not catch up with its demand, so toji people had business trips to visit one brewer after another in many locations and gave instruction to local people.

• 同様に後醍醐天皇が指導する朝廷への不満から、毛利元春や吉川実経等をはじめとする安芸国の有力な豪族が尊氏方に参加。
• Powerful Gozoku (local ruling families) in Aki province such as Motoharu MORI and Sadatsune YOSHIKAWA, feeling dissatisfaction toward the Imperial Court controlled by Emperor Godaigo, also joined Takauji.

• 実頼の二男の藤原頼忠も円融天皇、花山天皇の関白を務め朝政を指導したが、小野宮流は天皇との外戚関係を結べなかった。
• While Saneyori's second son, FUJIWARA no Yoritada, also served as Kanpaku to Emperor Enyu and Emperor Kazan, leading the Imperial Court, the house of Ononomiya was unable to develop a marriage relationship with the Imperial family.

• 1280年（弘安3年）東宮煕仁親王（後の伏見天皇）に出仕し、東宮及びその側近らに和歌を指導して京極派と称された。
• In 1280, Tamekane began serving Imperial Prince Hirohito (who later became Emperor Fushimi), and the style of waka poetry in which he instructed the Imperial Prince and his close associates came to be known as the Kyogoku school.

• そのため師家が修行者に面と向かって臨機応変に指導する以外には、言葉を使わずに直に本性を指し示す道であるとされる。
• Therefore, it is regarded as the true way to show the nature directly without using words except for the direct teaching from a master to a practitioner of austerities on a case-by-case basis.

• アキレス、アスクレーピオス、ヘラクレス、ジェイソン、および他の英雄達にじきじきに指導した、学識のあるケンタウロス
• the learned centaur who tutored Achilles, Asclepius, Hercules, Jason, and other heroes

• しかし覇者の性格については定説がなく、あらたに台頭した後進地域の指導者あるいは異民族支配者であるとする見方もある。
• However, there is no established view on the nature of Hasha, and according to one theory, Hasha means a local leader or an ethnic ruler.

• 指導者は高齢化の傾向にあったが近年、若手の男性書家がテレビ番組や若者向き雑誌に登場するなど、やや様変わりしてきた。
• The instructors are aging, but they have undergone a great change recently as a young male Shoka appear on TV programs and in magazines for young people.

• リースは厳密な実証史学を指導し、いわゆる官学アカデミズムが形成されたが、史料考証を重んじすぎるという憾みがあった。
• Riess taught strict positivism-based history, formed so-called government-led academism, but had the tendency to place too much emphasis on checking historical evidences.

• この時点の冠は聖徳太子の妃の指導で製作されたといわれる「天寿国繍帳」などを見るに、絹製の帽子のようなものであった。
• According to the 'Tenjukoku Shucho' (embroidery representing Tenjukoku paradise), which is said to have been made under the direction of the wife of Prince Shotoku, Court caps used in those days were something like a silk cap.

• 後に、ファン・ドールンやエッセルの後任として、内務省の土木技術の助言者や技術指導者として現場を指揮することになる。
• Later, he took over the job of Cornelis Johannes Van Doorn and Escher, and become a civil engineering advisor and technical director at the Department of the Interior.

• そのため、農業技術の指導、農業に関する調査研究、農産物価格の統制、小作争議の抑制、農民の福利増進などに取り組んだ。
• Therefore, it worked on assistance of agricultural technique, research study on agriculture, regulation of price of farm products, control of agrarian dispute, and welfare enhancement of farmers.

• 歌壇史上、六条藤家一派はその歌学と過去の栄光を本歌合に賭して、摂関家歌壇における御子左家一派の新指導権と対決する。
• From the point of view of the history of waka circles, there was a showdown between the factions of Rokujo Toke (the Rokujo Fujiwara family) and the Mikohidari family; the former put its poetics and past honor at stake in this poetry match and confronted the latter family, which had been becoming a new power as a leader in the circle of the Sekkan-ke (families which produced regents and chancellors).

• 安政5年（1858年）に幕府とアメリカの間で調印された条約勅許（日米修好通商条約）に反対した廷臣八十八卿の指導者。
• He was the leader of Eishin hachiju-hachi kyo (the eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court) who opposed the Emperor's authorization to the agreement (The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan) concluded in 1858.

• 退官後間もなく、官僚時代に設立を指導していた第一国立銀行（現：みずほ銀行）の頭取に就任し、以後は実業界に身を置く。
• Soon after his retirement, he became the head of the First National Bank (current Mizuho Bank) for which he led the establishment when he was a bureaucrat and then he placed himself in the business world.

• その後、僧侶が活動において指導・監督する度合いは強くなっていたが、今日でも在家の講の役割は大きいものになっている。
• The degree of leading and monitoring the activities eventually increased, but even today the role of the Ko remains strong.

• またこの頃は向島での仕事を終えると毎晩のように小石川博文館の長屋で開かれていた職工演劇（労働演劇）の指導に通った。
• At that time, he went to the Koishikawa Hakubunkan museum almost every night after finishing his work in Mukojima and gave guidance on the Artisan Theater (Labor Theater)held in the long house of the museum.

• キリスト教の指導者の総数140人は、萩市（66人）、津和野市（28人）、福山市（20人）に分けて強制的に移住させた。
• 140 Christian leaders were forced to move to Hagi-city (66 people), Tsuwano-city (28 people), and Fukuyama-city (20 people).

• 一方、政務決裁には事実上のトップである執権、その補佐である連署、合議機関である評定衆を置く集団指導体制を成立させる。
• At the same time, a collective leadership system for making policy decisions was established that was made up of the regent (who was effectively the leader), rensho (who acted as assistants to the regent), and the Hyojoshu (which acted as a consultative body).

• （殿内の指導力の有無や、それがよいか悪いかは別として。近藤は、芹沢らをも粛清して、より会津藩寄りに特化されてゆく。）
• (Apart from the presence of his ability for leadership and no matter whether it was good or bad, Kondo also purged Serizawa, and made the group develop close to the Aizu clan.)

• 通常弟子が師匠から免許や指南免許等を得た時点で、独自に門弟を指導し、免許を発行する権利も与えられるのが普通であった。
• At that time, when a disciple received from his or her master a license to teach, the disciple automatically received a privilege to issue his or her own license.

• 第六条に規定する指導及び助言に関する事項については、経済産業大臣及びエネルギー使用者の行う事業を所管する大臣とする。
• For matters pertaining to guidance and advice provided in Article 6, the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry and the minister who has the jurisdiction over the businesses to be implemented by the Energy User shall be the competent ministers.

• 欧米の霊廟、マウソレウム（Mausoleum）とは、亡くなった指導者のために構築される大きく印象的な墓を指している。
• The term 'mausoleum' in Western countries refers to a large, impressive tomb constructed for a deceased leader.

• また、特定の教会には属さず、自宅で聖書とのみ対峙する、「無教会運動」（指導者として内村鑑三や南原繁などが有名）がある。
• There is also a 'Non-church movement' to advocate facing the Bible alone at home without belonging to any specific church (famous leaders include Kanzo UCHIMURA and Shigeru NANBARA).

• 明治時代には岡倉天心の指導を受けた日本美術院系統の画家によって多くの古い仏画の模写が行われ、また新しい仏画が描かれた。
• In the Meiji period many old Buddha paintings were reproduced by painters of the Nihon Bijitsuin (The Japan Art Institute) under the direction of Tenshin OKAKURA and also new Buddhist paintings were made.

• NHK大河ドラマ平成18年『功名が辻 (NHK大河ドラマ)』・平成19年『風林火山 (NHK大河ドラマ)』の能楽指導。
• He undertook the teaching of Nogaku (the art of Noh) for NHK Taiga-dorama (NHK Historical Drama) 'Komyogatsuji (Crossroads of a great achievement)' in 2006 and NHK Taiga-dorama (NHK Historical Drama) 'Fu-Rin-Ka-Zan (as fast as the wind, as quiet as the forest, as daring as fire, and as immovable as the mountain)' in 2005.

• イタリア映画におけるネオレアリズモの影響を受けた映画監督の一人でもあり、厳しい演技指導や映像へのこだわりでも知られた。
• A filmmaker influenced by neorealism in Italian cinema, he was known for strict acting direction and firm commitment to picture quality.

• この事態を受けて、慶喜との政治的妥協の可能性を最終的に断念した久光の決断により、薩摩藩指導部は武力倒幕路線を確定する。
• As a result, Hisamitsu finally gave up having a chance to compromise with Yoshinobu politically, and the leading group in the Satsuma domain decided to overthrow the Shogunate with military power.

• 誓子はこの申し出に快く承諾したので、毎月名古屋駅前にて誓子の直接指導が受けられる天狼名古屋句会が開かれることになった。
• Since Seishi gave a ready consent to this offer, Tenro Nagoya Kukai in which Seishi directly taught the students held monthly near Nagoya Station.

• 一億総懺悔論に見られる東久邇宮の考え方は、過去の政治指導者こそが責任を負うべきとの重光外相の考え方とは対照的であった。
• The logic of Higashikuninomiya shown in 'A national confession of Japanese war guilt' was in contrast to that of Foreign Minister Shigemitsu who insisted that past political leaders were exactly the persons who should take responsibility.

• 17世紀に松方和泉守が15歳で主命を受けて長崎に鉄砲製造の術を研究に行って以来、鉄砲製造を監督指導して禄を食んできた。
• Since after Izuminokami MATSUKATA at the age of 15 went to Nagasaki to learn the manufacturing of guns at the behest of the lord in the 17th century, the family had gotten salaries by supervising the gun manufacturing.

• 専ら漁業に関する試験、調査、指導若しくは練習に従事する船舶又は漁業の取締りに従事する船舶であつて漁ろう設備を有するもの
• A boat exclusively engaged in the examination, investigation, guidance or training concerning a fishery or a boat engaged in law enforcement and having fishing equipment

• 著された翌年には比叡山に「二十五三昧合」という結社が作られ、ここで源信は指導的立場に立ち、毎月1回の念仏三昧を行った。
• The year after he published the book, he made a group, 'Nijugozanmaie' on Mt. Hiei, and here Genshin fulfilled a leadership role and conducted nenbutsu-zanmai (mental absorption in the nenbutsu) once a month.

• 液化石油ガス法第二十七条第二項の保安機関となるのに必要な技術に関する指導を行うこと（国の委託により行うものを含む。）。
• of Article 27 of the LPG Act (including a guidance service commissioned by the Government of Japan);

• その維持・保存には、文化庁の指導のもと釘一本に至るまで伝統的な城郭建築の技法を求められるため、多額の経費が必要である。
• An exorbitant amount of money is required to maintain and preserve castle towers, as such work demands the traditional technique of castle building, down to each of the nails used, under the supervision of the Agency for Cultural Affairs.

• 司法研修所教官は、上司の指揮を受けて、司法研修所における裁判官の研究及び修養並びに司法修習生の修習の指導をつかさどる。
• Professors of Legal Training and Research Institute shall, under the direction of their supervisors, take charge of guiding research and training for judges in the Legal Training and Research Institute and education for legal apprentices.

• 事件そのものはすぐ鎮圧されたが、これ以後日本の影響力は減少し朝鮮の近代化は清朝の指導を仰ぎながら推進されることとなった。
• The incidents were suppressed soon but the influence of Japan decreased as the result, and the modernization of Korean was promoted under the instructions by the Qing dynasty.

• 千利休の弟子であった大名茶人、古田織部の指導で創始され、織部好みの奇抜で斬新な形や文様の茶器などを多く産したことによる。
• It was named after Oribe FURUTA, who was a daimyo (feudal lord) and master of the tea ceremony and had been a disciple of SEN no Rikyu, because Oribe ware was born under his direction and many chaki (tea utensils) of eccentric, novel shapes and patterns according to Oribe's taste (Oribe-Gonomi) were produced.

• これを嘆いた宣胤は復興を目指して公卿の長老で有職故実に詳しい一条兼良らから教えを請い、先例を学んで若い公卿らに指導した。
• Mourning Nobutane aimed at restoration, and learned from Kanera ICHIJO, who was a senior court noble versed in Yusoku kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette); he then taught precedents to young court nobles.

• また、シャルル・シャノワーヌ大尉らフランス軍事顧問団による直接指導も導入され、その訓練を受ける伝習隊が新規に編成された。
• Direct training by French military advisors including senior lieutenant Charles Chanoine was introduced, and Denshutai (Edo shogunate's army) was newly organized to be instructed by them.

• オランダ人農学者のダニエル・ホイブレイクの指導を受け、帰国後の74年5月に口述記録をまとめて『農業三事』として出版した。
• He was taught by a Dutch agriculturist Daniel HOOIBRENK, and on May of 1874, following his return to Japan, he published a compilation of HOOIBRENK's dictations in 'Nogyo Sanji' (three farming methods).

• 2006年にはインター・アクション・カウンシルにオブザーバー参加し世界の宗教指導者、政治家OBに向けて提言を行っている。
• In 2006, he attended the Inter Action Council as an observer and presented his recommendation to the leaders of religion and former heads of government over the world.

• 昭和28年（1958年）の中学学習指導要領で、相撲、剣道、柔道剣道、柔道などの武道が格技という名称で正課授業が行われた。
• Under the Education Ministry guidelines for junior high schools in 1958, budo such as sumo, kendo, judo-kendo, judo and so on, which were called 'kakugi' (combat sports), were taught as formal lessons.

• また、豊臣政権末期の五大老制は有力大名による集団指導体制であり、外様大名である徳川家康の政権簒奪を防ぐことができなかった。
• The Gotairo (Council of Five Elders) system at the end of the Toyotomi government was a collective leadership system by powerful daimyo, however they were unable to prevent Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, a tozama daimyo, from usurping power.

• そうなると名主の地位は相対的に低下することとなったが、名主は惣村・郷村の中で指導的な立場（乙名など）を務めるようになった。
• As a result, the relative status of myoshu declined, causing myoshu farmers to assume roles as leaders (with such titles as otona) in these village communities.

• その結果、人口の多数を占める全人衆の多数が組織していた堅田門徒の発言力が高まり、堅田衆の指導的地位を獲得するようになった。
• As a result, Katata-monto, organized by many Zenjin-shu, majority in Katata, enhanced their power and took the leadership position in Katata-shu.

• 高倉と清盛の相次ぐ死は、国政における最高権威と実質的指導者が一挙に失われたことを意味し、平氏にとって致命的な打撃となった。
• The deaths of Takakura and Kiyomori in succession meant the sudden loss of the sovereign and the leader of the administration, and represented a serious blow to the Taira clan.

• 酒蔵は、使用する水を事前にそれぞれの都道府県の醸造試験所、食品試験所、酒造指導機関などに送って監査を受けなくてはならない。
• Sake breweries are required to submit water used for brewing to the brewing laboratory, food laboratory, brewing guidance institute, etc., in the prefecture for examination in advance.

• 隱遁したアフガニスタン人の政治家、タリバンの指導者で、アフガニスタンにシャリア法の厳密な解釈を強要した（1960年生まれ）
• reclusive Afghanistani politician and leader of the Taliban who imposed a strict interpretation of shariah law on Afghanistan (born in 1960)

• 1893年、お雇い外国人トレビシックの設計・指導の下に官営鉄道神戸工場で軸配置1B1タンク機の国鉄860形蒸気機関車が完成。
• In 1893, the domestically manufactured model 860 steam locomotive with an axis arrangement 1B1 tank machine was completed with a design and supervision by hired foreigners in Japan.

• 中国において士人とは時代的変遷はあるものの概ね、儒家としての人文的教養を身につけ、支配的・指導的な立場にある者のことをいう。
• In China, although it has been changed through periods, Shijin usually refers to a person who has an education of literature as Confucianist and a ruling or leading status.

• その中でも世代を越えて連綿と継承されていく伝承性とその分野における指導的な地位・存在を保持し続ける権威性は特に重んじられた。
• Especially, the tradition inherited from generation to generation and the authority to keep the status and presence as the leader in the field were considered very important.

• 律令法の基本思想は、母法と同じく、儒家と法家の思想であったが、ことに儒家の思想は、日本の律令法でも指導的な意義をもっていた。
• Similarly to its mother law, the basic thought of ritsuryo law was Confucianist and legalist, and Confucianism in particular was significant as a leading strand of thought in Japanese ritsuryo law as well.

• 江戸時代は代々徳川将軍家の衣装調達や衣文道の指導にも当たり、江戸滞在の折には各大名家で有職故実や衣文道の知識を広めていった。
• During the Edo period, the family supplied costumes and instructed the Tokugawa shogunate in Emondo for generations, and, when staying in Edo, worked to spread the knowledge of Emondo and other court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette among the feudal lords.

• 寛次郎には師と仰ぐ者がなく、師弟関係を重んじる陶工の世界にあって、学校という教育機関にて指導を受けた新しい世代の陶工となる。
• Not having anyone to regard as his master in the world of potters where the master-student relationship was highly valued, Kanjiro became a potter of the new generation who learned pottery in an educational institution called a school.

• 歌人としても活躍し、天喜4年（1056年）皇后寛子春秋歌合にも参加、承暦2年（1078年）内裏歌合には指導的役割を果たした。
• Toshitsuna was also a remarkable poet, participating in Empress Kanshi's Spring and Autumn Uta-awase as a poet in 1056 and in Dairi Uta-awase (a palace poetry contest) as a teacher in 1078.

• 1590年（天正18年）に父永徳が没した後、狩野派の指導者となり、肥後国名護屋城や徳川秀忠の邸宅などの障壁画を作成している。
• After his father Eitoku died in 1590, he became the leader of the Kano school, and created wall paintings at the Nagoya-jo Castle in Higo Province and the house of Hidetada TOKUGAWA.

• 宮内省において明治天皇の補佐・指導を担当する侍補を中心とした宮中側と政策の実務を行う太政官の間で路線対立が生じたからである。
• The Imperial Household Ministry was divided by the difference in policy course into the Imperial Court side, centering on jiho (an aide) who assisted and provided directions to the Emperor Meiji, and Dajokan (Grand Council of State) side, who managed practical affairs.

• 門人には後陽成天皇の弟・八条宮智仁親王、公家の中院通勝、烏丸光広などがおり、また松永貞徳、木下長嘯子らも幽斎の指導を受けた。
• His pupils included Emperor Goyozei's brother Prince Hachijonomiya Toshihito, and court nobles like Michikatsu NAKANOIN and Mitsuhiro KARASUMARU; Teitoku MATSUNAGA and Choshoshi KINOSHITA also received instruction from Yusai.

• 法第三十条第八項に規定する政令で定める技術導入契約の締結等は、事業の経営に関する技術の指導に係る技術導入契約の締結等とする。
• The conclusion of a technology introduction contract, etc. specified by a Cabinet Order prescribed in Article 30, paragraph (8) shall be the conclusion of a technology introduction contract, etc. pertaining to the guidance on the technology relating to business operation.

• 受刑者には、矯正処遇として、第九十二条又は第九十三条に規定する作業を行わせ、並びに第百三条及び第百四条に規定する指導を行う。
• As correctional treatment, the work prescribed in Article 92 or 93 shall be assigned to sentenced persons, and the guidance prescribed in Articles 103 and 104 shall be given to them.

• 坊官（ぼうかん・房官）とは、平安時代以後に寺院の最高指導者（別当・三綱）などの家政を担当した機関及びそこに属した僧侶のこと。
• Bokan is an organization which was in charge of the household management of the supreme leader of a temple (betto [administrator of a Buddhist temple] or sango [three monastic positions with management roles at a temple]) and so on, or the monks who belonged to such an organization in and after the Heian period.

• これに対して蓮悟や蓮慶は蓮如・実如が定めた一門衆の指導への服従を定めた規則に反するとして超勝寺の討伐のための一揆を起こした。
• In response, Rengo and Renkei staged a revolt to put down the Chosho-ji Temple, insisting that this was against the rules on the clansmen's conformity to the teachings established by Rennyo and Jitsunyo.

• 米国の電気技術者で、初期のアナログコンピュータを設計し、第二次世界大戦中に米国の科学計画を指導した（1890年−1974年）
• United States electrical engineer who designed an early analogue computer and who led the scientific program of the United States during World War II (1890-1974)

• ギリシアの哲学者で、アリストテレスの弟子であり、逍遙学派の指導者としてアリストテレスの跡を継いだ（紀元前371年−287年）
• Greek philosopher who was a student of Aristotle and who succeeded Aristotle as the leader of the Peripatetics (371-287 BC)

• フランスのヒロイン、軍事指導者で、宗教的な展望により、英国人に対するフランスの抵抗軍を組織し、チャールズ7世を王に戴冠させた
• French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king

• 現在では古来のままの伝授形式を墨守している流派は少なくなり、現代武道的な段位制度や集団指導方法を取り入れている流派も存在する。
• Nowadays, very few schools adhere to the time-honored initiation form, and there exist some schools that have adopted the dan grading system or the group-class lesson method like gendai budo.

• 善阿の句風は「万葉集」を基調としていたことから古風と評され、次の時代の連歌師指導者で門弟であった救済には受け入れられなかった。
• Zenna's verse style, which followed the theme of 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), was considered old-fashioned, and Gusai, his disciple and a leader of the next generation of Renga poets, did not acknowledge it.

• 伊治呰麻呂（これはりのあざまろ、これはるのあざまろ、生没年不明）は、日本の奈良時代の陸奥国（後の陸前国）の蝦夷の指導者である。
• KOREHARI no Azamaro (also known as KOREHARU no Azamaro, date of birth and death unknown) was an Ezo leader of Mutsu Province (later Rikuzen Province) in the Nara period.

• この法律の規定による処分及び行政指導については、行政手続法（平成五年法律第八十八号）第二章から第四章までの規定は、適用しない。
• The provisions of Chapters II through IV of the Administrative Procedure Act (Act No. 88 of 1993) shall not apply to dispositions and administrative guidance pursuant to the provisions of this Act.

• 連合国軍最高司令官総司令部が醤油の重要性を理解せず、大豆を酸で加水分解した方が効率良く製造できるとの指導を行ったとも言われる。
• It is said that the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers did not understand the importance of soy-sauce, and instructed soybeans to be hydrolyzed for efficient production of soy-sauce.

• 米国の労働界の指導者（イングランド生まれ）で、1886年から1924年までアメリカ労働総同盟の委員長（1850年−1924年）
• United States labor leader (born in England) who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1886 to 1924 (1850-1924 )

• ドイツ人のH・ルムショッテルの指導の下、ドイツより輸入した車輌を使って1891年までに門司駅～熊本駅間、鳥栖駅～佐賀駅間が完成。
• Under supervision of German engineer H. Rumushotteru and through the use of imported railway vehicles from Germany, the lines between Moji Station and Kumamoto Station, and Tosu Station and Saga Station were completed by 1891.

• 実際の建設に際しては、土木工事は築城経験のある日本の技術が生かされたが、六郷川橋梁だけはイギリス人の指導の下に木造で架橋された。
• As for the practical construction, Japanese techniques based on the experience of castle construction were applied in public works, but only the railway bridge over the Rokugo River was constructed under the British's instruction using timber.

• 最初の鉄道は、車輌もレールも鉄橋も外国製で、トンネル掘削はお雇い外人が指導し、機関車の運転もダイヤの作成もお雇い外国人が行った。
• The first railroad was comprised of all foreign-made trains, track rails, and iron bridges while the tunnel digging, locomotive operation, and making of the timetables were conducted by foreign engineers.

• 伝習隊（でんしゅうたい）とは、江戸幕府が幕府陸軍の精鋭部隊として編成した、フランス軍事顧問団の直接指導を受ける西洋式軍隊のこと。
• Denshutai (Edo shogunate's army) refers to the western-style army which was organized by Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) as the elite troops of the bakufu army, and was directly trained by the French Military Advisory Group.

• この時期の政府がこの路線を貫徹させようとすれば、誰が指導者であったとしても結果的に士族反乱や農民一揆は避けられなかったと言える。
• As the government at this time stayed this course, any leaders could not avoid Shizoku no hanran (revolt by family or person with samurai ancestors) and peasant uprisings consequently.

• 日本酒の歴史江戸時代前期の刊行にかかわらず、同書は江戸時代全般を通じて質・量ともに最高の内容を誇ると定評のある酒造指導書である。
• In the history of Japanese sake, this book had been an established directory containing the best contents concerning the brew of sake, from the view point of both quantity and quality throughout the Edo Period, despite it was published in the early Edo Period.

• 1912年ころにはモスクワの演劇学校で演技指導をし、モスクワ芸術座のコンスタンチン・スタニスラフスキーらとと親交があったという。
• It is said that around 1912 she taught acting at an acting school in Moscow and that she formed friendship with Constantin Stanislavsky and others of Moscow Arts Theatre.

• 有職故実に通じていたことから、多くの公卿から指導を依頼され、たびたび官に推挙されたが、「高官無益なり」とかたくなに断ったという。
• He was an expert of Yusoku kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette), so many top court officials asked him for advice and they often recommended him for a higher rank, but he firmly refused it and said, 'it is futile to be an officer of a higher rank.'

• また、当時知られ始めた能楽についても高い関心を示し、1483年（文明15年）に猿楽座宝生が大内館で興行・指導を行った記録がある。
• Moreover, he was highly interested in Noh, which in those days was just becoming known, and there are written records that Hosei of the Sarugaku Troupe gave performances and taught at the Ouchi manor.

• 明治天皇は、陰険な山縣よりも、明朗快活で冷静であった伊藤博文や日露戦争を指導した桂太郎、幼馴染であった西園寺公望を信頼していた。
• Emperor Meiji trusted Hiroumi ITO, who was bright, cheerful and calm; Taro KATSURA, who led the Russo-Japanese War; and Kinmochi SAIONJI, who was his childhood friend more than Yamagata, who was disingenuous.

• 晩年には堺の富商である武野新五郎と知己となり、実隆が武野に歌学や和歌を指導する一方、武野からは少なからず経済的援助を受けていた。
• In his later years he got acquainted with Shingoro TAKENO, a rich merchant in Sakai, and while Sanetaka taught TAKENO the study of poetry and waka poems, TAKENO gave him a lot of financial support.

• 実際、「猿蓑」は芭蕉にとっては、末代の亀鑑となるべき集であり、その指導もそれまでの撰集とは異なる態度で助言したと想像されている。
• In fact, Basho considered that 'Sarumino' was a collection that was to be a good example for posterity, so it is imagined that he advised and instructed his disciples more enthusiastically than ever.

• これは、権力が分散した状態では直ちに旗幟を明確にしにくい（立ち回りが遅い）という集団指導体制の弱点をさらけ出した結果でもあった。
• This was one of the consequences of the weakness of a collective leadership that had difficulty in taking decisive action (or was too slow to respond) due to its decentralized power structure.

• ただし、居合道などの武道によっては、正座の状態から膝を立てる際に遅延が生じるといった理由で、親指は重ねないように指導をしている。
• Some martial arts, such as iaido, prescribe not overlapping the toes because it will delay the movement of raising a knee from sitting in seiza style.

• 度を過ぎた花火の使用をした場合、各船の花火取扱者（事前に精霊流しの花火についての講習を受けた者）に警察から指導が行く場合がある。
• If any members of a shorobune group went overboard in using fireworks, the police may call on a person (who has been trained on how to use fireworks at Shoronagashi beforehand) in charge of fireworks of the group to warn him or her.

• また仏典だけに捉われず、口伝や仏意などを以って弟子を指導することができ、またさらには正式に一宗一派を開くことが出来るともされる。
• Priests are allowed to teach their disciples by using Buddhist scriptures as well as oral instruction and the Buddha's intention and they are also allowed to officially begin a new school and a new sect.

• 当時、欧米列強の支配下にあり、後に独立した国々の指導者達の回顧録に下記のような、植民地時代における感慨の記録が数多く見受けられる。
• Many of the memoirs written by the leaders of countries formerly colonized by western countries refer to the Russo-Japanese War with great excitement.

• そのため知識人層にとって漢文の読み書きが標準的素養であり、政治指導者階層への普及という点で漢文表記が阻害要因となることはなかった。
• Therefore almost all intellectuals could read and write in Chinese, and Chinese did not become a barrier to diffusion of 'Bankoku Koho' among political leaders.

• 直義の饗応役に塩冶判官と桃井若狭介が任ぜられ、その指導を高家高師直が受持つ関係上、三人も直義に従って八幡に詣で、御前に控えている。
• As Enya Hangan and Wakasanosuke MOMONOI are appointed to kyooyaku (person in charge of entertainment) and Moronao KO is in charge of instructing them, these three men also visit Hachiman-gu shrine together with Naoyoshi, and the three men wait behind him.

• 1853年には代官所が郷校として興譲館（後の興譲館高等学校）を設立するにあたり初代館長に就任するなど、地元で後進の指導にあたった。
• In 1853, when the magistrate's office established Kojokan School (latter-day Kojokan High-school) as a Confucian school, he was appointed as the first head of the school and taught young people in his hometown.

• しかし、実際は父・教之の指導下に置かれており、守護として活躍したと言うより足利義政の御供衆として人生の大半を京都において過ごした。
• Nevertheless he was actually under guidance of his father Noriyuki YAMANA, and he lived most of his life in Kyoto as otomoshu (a group of about ten attendants who joined the shogun at banquets and accompanied him) of Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, rather than worked actively as Shugo.

• 1278年（弘安元年）以降の熱原法難に際しては、日興の指導の下で鎌倉幕府の宗教弾圧に抵抗し、信徒の保護と支援のために尽力奔走した。
• At the Atsuhara Persecution of Nichiren in 1278, he followed Nikko who resisted the religious persecution by the Kamakura bakufu, making great efforts to protect and support the believers.

• 刑の執行開始後の法務省令で定める期間　受刑の意義その他矯正処遇の実施の基礎となる事項並びに刑事施設における生活及び行動に関する指導
• A period following the commencement of the execution of the sentence which is specified by a Ministry of Justice Ordinance:　Guidance with regard to both the matters fundamental to the implementation of correctional treatment such as the significance of serving time, or the life and activities in the penal institution;

• 近代の新宗教を除けば日本有数の巨大宗教教団の指導者としては例外的に社会問題や国際情勢に対する積極的な発言をすることで知られている。
• He is known for his positive statements about social issues and international affairs unlike the other leaders of the biggest religious organizations in Japan except the leaders of newly formed religions.

• 小笠原流礼法は幕府公式礼法の「お止め流」とされ将軍家にしか指導されず、流儀も次期宗家一人にしかその奥義を伝えられることはなかった。
• The Ogasawara school of manners was declared 'Otome-ryu' and was only allowed to teach the shogun's family, and the secrets of the style were passed down to one person only.

• 可燃性天然ガス及び石炭の利用の高度化に関する情報の収集及び提供並びに第一号ハに掲げる技術に関する指導（次号ロに掲げるものを除く。）
• Collection and provision of information concerning the enhancement of the use of combustible natural gas and coal, and guidance concerning the technology listed in (c) of item (i) (excluding guidance listed in (b) of the following item); and

• 葬儀の場などで、他宗に属する親類や年長の方などが、真宗の方法とは異なった方法、習俗や迷信に基づくしきたりなどを指導する場合がある。
• On the occasion of funerals, and so on, relatives of the deceased or elderly people who believe in other sects sometimes instruct monto to follow different manners from those of Jodo Shinshu Sect or conventional practice based on customs or superstitions.

• この法律に基づいてされる処分及び行政指導については、行政手続法（平成五年法律第八十八号）第二章から第四章までの規定は、適用しない。
• Provisions of Chapters II to IV inclusive of Administrative Procedure Act (Act No.88 of 1993) shall not apply to dispositions and administrative guidance's done pursuant to this Act.

• なお、当日、日本軍連合艦隊には、4名のイギリス観戦武官が同船しており、元来イギリスの戦法であるT字戦法に関しての補佐・指導を行った。
• Four British military officers were on board ships in the Combined Fleet of the Japanese Navy, and assisted and instructed on the Crossing the T tactics which was originally a British tactic.

• 江戸時代には宝生座の座付とされたらしいが、江戸初期の家元威徳五左衛門は父が早く亡くなったため、同座の小鼓方幸五郎久能に指導を仰いだ。
• Although it is said they played exclusively for the Hosho school during the Edo period, Gozaemon ITOKU, who was the head of this school of the early Edo period, lost his father when he was still young and he learned drum play from a kotsuzumi (small hand drum) player of the Hosho school named Gorohisayoshi KO.

• 文久2年4月23日_(旧暦)（1862年5月29日）に薩摩藩尊皇派が薩摩藩藩主の父で事実上の指導者・島津久光によって粛清された事件。
• In this incident the royalist faction in the Satsuma domain was purged by Hisamitsu SHIMAZU, the father of the lord in the Satsuma domain, and the de facto ruler, on May 29, 1862.

• 釈放前における法務省令で定める期間　釈放後の社会生活において直ちに必要となる知識の付与その他受刑者の帰住及び釈放後の生活に関する指導
• A period preceding his/her release which is specified by a Ministry of Justice Ordinance:　Guidance to bestow the knowledge required in social life immediately after release or with regard to the matters concerning returning home and the life after release.

• いわゆる戦時教学を確立させ、指導的立場にあった僧侶の戦争責任を問う声も根強い一方、時代の流れとして止むを得なかったとする評価もある。
• Priests, who established so called wartime doctrine at the helm of the school, were either accused persistently of their responsibilities for the war, or evaluated that they had no other choice in the circumstances at that time.

• 中世以後、血脈相承によって代々受け継がれてきた宗門・教団の門主・管長などの最高指導者、大本山住職などを尊んで法主と呼ぶようになった。
• After medieval times, the supreme leaders such as chief priests of the sect and religious community which had been succeeded for generations by kechimyaku sojo (Transmission of the Heritage; the secret transmission from the Great Master to only one disciple) and the head priests of the grand head temple had been called hoshu as a honorific title.

• 会合衆（えごうしゅう、かいごうしゅう）とは、室町時代から安土桃山時代の都市で自治の指導的役割を果たした評定組織またはその組織の構成員。
• Egoshu (or Kaigoshu) (wealthy merchants who led self-governing organizations in cities from the Muromachi to the Azuchi-Momoyama period) are consultation organizations, or is a term that refers to the members of this organization which possessed a leading role in the self-government of cities from the Muromachi to the Azuchi-Momoyama period.

• 天明3年（1783年）6月、31歳のとき、小石元俊に指導されて、伏見で刑死人の解剖を執刀し、その所見が、絵師吉村蘭洲によるとして残る。
• When he was 31 in June, 1783, he dissected an executed dead body under the instruction of Genshun KOISHI in Fushimi, and the observation was recorded by a painter, Ranshu YOSHIMIURA.

• 摂政関白を歴任した藤原忠平の長男として順調に栄達し、村上天皇のときに左大臣として右大臣の弟師輔とともに朝政を指導して天暦の治を支えた。
• He enjoyed a smooth rise in the court rank as the eldest son of FUJIWARA no Tadahira, who served as Sessho Kanpaku (regent and chief adviser to the Emperor); became Sadaijin (Minister of Left) under the reign of Emperor Murakami, and guided the Imperial government of Tenryaku no chi (glorious Tenryaku rule) together with his younger brother Morosuke, who was Udaijin (Minister of the Right).

• 以降手紙による添削指導を受けるが、ますます清国への思いが募り、渡航費用を捻出する為に岐阜県に赴き、好事家の求めに応じて印を売っている。
• Although Shoseki gave him lessons in the letters, he developed even stronger desire to go to Qing, and therefore he went to Gifu Prefecture to sell his engravings to dilettantes in order to raise enough money to go to Qing.

• 前月に彼らの指導的立場であった伊東甲子太郎を殺害した新選組への報復として狙われたものだが、沖田は伏見奉行所へと出立した後で難を逃れた。
• In the evening of the same day, Isami KONDO was shot and injured by Abe and the others on his way back from Nijo Castle.

• 当初は単なる指導碁程度の趣であったが、読売新聞の大宣伝により次第に日本対中国、旧権威対新勢力の大勝負へと事態はヒートアップしていった。
• At the beginning the game looked like a mere go lesson, but The Yomiuri Shimbun's advertising campaign gradually turned the game to being viewed with political overtone such as Japan versus China or old authority versus new force, making the competition heating up.

• だが、5年後に再び松岡寺に復帰すると隣国越中国一向一揆を指導していた弟蓮悟や吉崎に残っていた同じく弟の蓮誓と連携して富樫氏と対抗した。
• But when he returned to Shoko-ji Temple five years later, he opposed the Togashi clan in cooperation with his young brothers Rengo, who had led Ikko sect's revolt in neighboring Etchu Province, and Rensei, who had stayed in Yoshizaki.

• 昭和42年（1967年）3月29日、文部省発体120号の通達により、弓道が高校正課体育種目として体育の時間に指導することが可能となる。
• On March 29, 1967, the Ministry of Education's Physical Development Issue 120 was announced, thereby allowing Kyudo to be taught in physical education classes as a regular curriculum for high school physical education.

• 延享元年（1744年）、天城湯ヶ島（現伊豆市）で山守を務めていた板垣勘四郎は三島代官の命によりシイタケ栽培の技術指導で有東木を訪れた。
• In 1744, Kanshiro ITAGAKI, who served as the guardian of the mountains at Amagiyugashima (Izu City), visited Utogi at the behest of Mishima's local governor for the purpose of teaching the technique of shiitake mushroom cultivation.

• このことがきっかけになり山根徳太郎を指導者とする難波宮址顕彰会の努力により発掘・調査が進み、奈良時代の宮の遺構が次第に明らかになった。
• That discovery jump-started the excavation and study by Naniwakyushi Kenshokai (Association of honoring publicly for Naniwa-kyu Palace site) under the leadership of Tokutaro YAMANE and, little by little, the remains of the palace in the Nara period became unraveled.

• 米国の公民権運動の指導者で、ベトナム戦争に反対したため、ジョージア州の立法府に選出されたが、席に着くのを禁じられた（1940年生まれ）
• United States civil rights leader who was elected to the legislature in Georgia but was barred from taking his seat because he opposed the Vietnam War (born 1940)

• フランスの将軍、政治家で、亡命中の自由フランスレジスタンスの指導者として第二次世界大戦中に非常に人気があった（1890年−1970年）
• French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970)

• 当初は有力守護大名による衆議によって政治を行っていた義教だが、長老格の三宝院満済、山名時煕の死後から次第に指導力を発揮するようになった。
• Yoshinori, at first, handled the affairs of state by public discussion of dominant shugo guardian feudal lords but he gradually started to show leadership after the death of Mansai SAMPOIN and Tokihiro YAMANA who were regarded as patriarchs.

• 当時の義和団にはいくつかのグループがあり、有名な指導者には王成徳や宋福恒、張徳成といった人々がおり、各々が数千人の義和団をまとめていた。
• There were several groups within the Boxers led by some famous leaders such as 王成徳, 宋福恒, and Zhang Decheng, and each managed several thousand Boxers members.

• 平成8年（1996年）頃から、教育現場において、当時の文部省の指導で、日章旗（日の丸）の掲揚と同時に『君が代』の斉唱の通達が強化される。
• Since around 1996, in the field of education, under guidance by the Ministry of Education at that time, the instruction for the chorus reading of 'Kimigayo' together with raising of the Japanese (rising sun) flag (hinomaru) were strengthened.

• 2002年7月に大手の販売業者3社が長崎県産の素麺を『三輪そうめん』として販売していたとして、農水省の立入検査と改善の指導を受けている。
• In July, 2002 the ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries operated an on-the-spot inspection to the three major somen manufacturers on charge that they had sold the somen produced in Nagasaki Prefecture as 'Miwa Somen' and instructed them to improve the situation.

• それをもとに関西医科大学の石田哲郎の指導のもと、昭和55年（1980年）3月、日本画家前田幹雄の手によって石膏の復顔肖像画が制作された。
• In March, 1980, the Japanese-style painter Mikio MAEDA drew a portrait of Mitsunari from the plaster-reconstructed face under the direction of Tetsuro ISHIDA, of Kansai Medical University.

• 形式に拘らず厳しく弟子を指導し、法嗣は授翁宗弼（じゅおう そうひつ）ただ一人であり、また妙心寺の伽藍整備や経営に拘泥することはなかった。
• Kanzan was not particular about formalities, the maintenance or the management of Myoshin-ji Temple but taught his students strictly; Juo Sohitsu was the only hoshi (successor who is in charge of handing the sect's lore).

• 元は先祖と同じく武具を製作するが、千利休の依頼・指導により薬鑵（やかん）を作ったのを契機に、現在の家業である茶道具作りを始めたとされる。
• Shoeki originally made armor as did his ancestors, but it is said that his turning point came when SEN no Rikyu commissioned and instructed him to make a tea kettle whereby Shoeki started tea utensil making which has become the Nakagawa family's business.

• 今日の空手衣は、1922年、嘉納治五郎のプロデュースで船越義珍が講道館で演武、指導した時に、義珍が柔道衣を借用したことがその起源である。
• The prototype of today's karate uniform is a judo uniform, which Gichin FUNAKOSHI borrowed when he gave a karate demonstration and lectures in 1922 at the Kodokan Judo Institute, under the management of Jigoro KANO.

• この章の規定に基づいて公正取引委員会又は委員会職員がする処分及び行政指導については、行政手続法第二章から第四章までの規定は、適用しない。
• The provisions of Chapter II to Chapter IV inclusive of the Administrative Procedure Act do not apply to measures made or administrative guidance implemented by the Fair Trade Commission or FTC staff members in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.

• しかし、信長はこれを許さず長島から出る者を根切に処し、残る屋長島・中江の2個所は柵で囲んで焼き殺し、指導者であった願証寺の佐堯は自害した。
• But Nobunaga did not allow the losers to survive and implemented 'negiri' (extermination) by killing all men escaping from Nagashima and by burning out people in Yanagashima and Nakae, which were surrounded by palisades, forcing the leader Sagyo of Gansho-ji Temple to kill himself.

• この背景には、当時の梅若一門が実力拮抗する三人（五十四世梅若六郎、梅若万三郎、六世観世鐵之丞）によって指導されていた(という事情がある)。
• There was a context in which the Umewaka group at that time was led by three masters, namely, the 54th Rokuro UMEWAKA, Manzaburo UMEWAKA, and the sixth Tetsunojo KANZE, who competed in Noh play with each other.

• さらに中谷が経営合理化の名目で撮影所従業員186名を大量解雇したことによる労働争議が勃発、他の幹部監督らと従業員側に立って争議を指導した。
• Also, Nakatani executed massive layoffs of 186 employees of the studio in the name of operation efficiency, resulting in a labor dispute, and Murata and other key directors gave guidance for the labor dispute on the side of the employees.

• 楽（らく）をはじめとする職人を指導して好みの道具を作らせるとともに、みずからも茶室の設計、花入・茶杓の製作など道具の製作にも熱心であった。
• He instructed craftsmen like the RAKU family, having them make implements for the tea ceremony, and he also designed a teahouse and created utensils such as Hanaire (flower vase for tea ceremony) and a tea scoop.

• 審査基準、処分基準又は行政指導指針であって、法令の規定により若しくは慣行として、又は命令等を定める機関の判断により公にされるもの以外のもの
• Review Standards, Disposition Standards or Administrative Guidance Guidelines, other than those available to the public, by the provisions of laws and regulations, by custom, or by the decision of the organs which have authority to establish Administrative Orders, etc.

• 翻訳、通訳、語学の指導、広報、宣伝又は海外取引業務、服飾若しくは室内装飾に係るデザイン、商品開発その他これらに類似する業務に従事すること。
• The applicant must engage in translation, interpretation, language instruction, public relations, overseas transactions, fashion or interior design, product development, or other, similar duties.

• これに対して蓮悟や蓮慶（蓮綱の嫡子）は蓮如・実如が定めた一門衆の指導への服従を定めた規則に反するとして超勝寺の討伐のための一揆を起こした。
• In response to this, Rengo and Renkei (Renko's legitimate child) staged an uprising for putting down the Chosho-ji Temple for the reason that Jikken's order violated the rules established by Rennyo and Jitsunyo under which obedience of Ichimonshu (clansman) to instructions was provided.

• 官営紙漉き場であった紙屋（かんや）院は、平安時代の製紙技術のセンターであり、当時の最高の技術で紙を漉き、地方での紙漉きの技術指導も行った。
• The kanyain, which was a paper mill under the direct control of government, was the center for the techniques of paper making during the Heian period to make a paper using the best techniques available at the time and provide technical instructions for making paper in the provinces.

• 平成8年（1996年）、岩戸山の指導により囃子を復活させ、平成18年（2006年）には御神体を除く懸装品を展示する「飾り席」を復活させた。
• In 1996, the festive music was restored with the leadership of Iwato yama, and in 2006, 'kazari seki' (place where kensohin, things used to decorate a float, such as textiles, carvings, goldworks are displayed) was restored in which the objects used for decoration except for the object of worship were exhibited.

• この背景として、脱走軍は榎本武揚が指導者になっているとは言え、元藩主や元幕府老中といった大名クラスも参加しており、君臣の関係が複雑であった。
• 表現を変更しました。

• 11世紀ごろに武家の棟梁と呼ぶべき指導的な武士（例えば源頼信など）が登場すると、多数の武士が棟梁と主従関係を結んで、棟梁の郎党となっている。
• Around the eleventh century, as leading samurai like MINAMOTO no Yorinobu who should be called toryo (a leader) appeared, many samurai connected master to servant relationships with toryo and become roto for the toryo.

• 一年後津村が急逝したが、宝生流宗家宝生九郎知栄、小鼓方幸流三須錦吾、太鼓方観世流観世元規らの指導を受けながら、大鼓方としての活動に精進した。
• Tsumura passed away suddenly one year later, however he devoted himself to his work as a Otsuzumi kata (large hand drum player) while receiving instructions from Kuro Tomoharu HOSHO from the head family of Hosho school, Kingo MISU in Kotsuzumi kata of Ko school, and Motonori KANZE in Taiko-kata Kanze-ryu (the Kanze school for drum performers).

• また、二人の大切な友人を得ており、一人は鴎外の指導者ザクセン軍医監のウィルヘルム･ロートで、もう一人は外国語が堪能な同僚軍医のキルケである。
• He also established two valued friendships with Wilhelm Roth, Surgeon Major General of Saxony, who was a master of his, and Keirke, an army surgeon and one of his co-workers, who excelled at foreign languages.

• 住民に対し、その求めに応じ日常生活に関する温室効果ガスの排出の抑制等のための措置について調査を行い、当該調査に基づく指導及び助言をすること。
• Investigating measures for the control of greenhouse gases with regard to activities of daily life and providing guidance and advice based on such investigation to member of the general public in response to their requests.

• 日本弁護士連合会は、弁護士、弁護士法人及び弁護士会の指導、連絡及び監督に関する事務について、官公署その他に必要な調査を依頼することができる。
• The Japan Federation of Bar Associations may request that government and public agencies investigate necessary matters relating to its functions concerning the guidance, liaison, and supervision of attorneys, Legal Professional Corporations, and bar associations.

• 明治時代になると、西洋化近代化が国家目標になり、美術分野でもお雇い外国人による指導が行われ、芸術の本場と考えられたフランスへ留学する者もいた。
• In the Meiji period, the Japanese government set a national goal of westernization and modernization, and therefore, also in the art field, hired foreigners taught Japanese, and since France was deemed the home of art, some Japanese went there for study.

• 伊藤内閣は6月15日、朝鮮の内政改革を日清共同で進める、清が拒否すれば日本単独で指導するという方針を閣議決定し清に通告し、清がこれを拒否した。
• On June 15, the Ito cabinet decided on its policy in the cabinet meeting that both Japan and Qing would jointly reform the internal system of Korea and, if Qing refused, Japan would solely undertake the instructions, and Qing refused when informed of the decision.

• 配下に京都守護職の松平容保、京都所司代の松平定敬らを従え、江戸の幕閣達から独立した動きをみせ、 在京幕府勢力の指導的役割を果たす存在となった。
• He gained vassals such as Katamori MATSUDAIRA, Kyoto shugoshoku (Military governor of Kyoto), and Sadaaki MATSUDAIRA, Kyoto shoshidai (The Kyoto deputy), and he worked independently from the cabinet officials of the Shogunate in Edo and took the leadership role in the bakufu forces stationed in Kyoto.

• そして、門徒の指導権も所領・財産も悉く蓮淳傘下の称徳寺（後の慈敬寺）に奪われてしまう事になった（享禄・天文の乱堅田本福寺破門事件参照のこと）。
• Honpuku-ji Temple was robbed of the leadership of believers, territory and fortune by Shotoku-ji Temple (later Jikei-ji Temple), which was under the control of Shonyo (refer to the Kyoroku-Tenbun War and Katata Honpuku-ji Temple Excommunication Incident).

• ところが、越訴・直訴に際して徒党を組んだり、徒党によって一揆や強訴などの実力行使に及んだ場合はそちらの方が罪が重く、その指導者は極刑にされた。
• However, forming a faction for osso/jikiso or the faction's resort to force such as ikki or goso were regarded as a more serious crime and their leaders were given a capital punishment.

• 享保18年（1733年）、現在の愛知県名古屋市熱田区伝馬町のからくり人形「鶴」の修理と操作指導のために京都から名古屋を訪れ、翌年名古屋を再訪。
• In 1733, he visited Nagoya from Kyoto to instruct on the repair and manipulation of the wind-up doll 'Tsuru' (crane) at the current Tenma Town, Atsuta Ward, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, and the next year he revisited Nagoya,

• 東　常縁は、古今伝授の祖として注目されるが、当時の歌壇の指導者であったわけではなく、むしろ二条派歌学の正説を伝えた歌学者としての功績が大きい。
• Tsuneyori TO is seen as the forefather of Kokin Denju; however, he did not teach poetry, but disseminated the orthodox teachings of the Nijo sect waka poetry.

• 露伴の指導を仰いだ青木正児によると、日本文脈論（日本文体の発達史）・『曽我物語』と『和讃』についての文学論・近松門左衛門などの講義内容だった。
• According to Masaru AOKI who studied under the supervision of Rohan, he taught literary theory and criticism, including studies on Japanese rhetoric (the history of Japanese stylistics), 'Soga-monogatari' (The Tale of the Soga Brothers), 'Wasan' (Buddhist hymns in vernacular Japanese) and Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU.

• 第二十八条第一項の規定による指針の策定及び公表並びに同条第二項の規定による指導及び助言に関する事項　特定特殊自動車を使用する事業を所管する大臣
• Matters concerning formulation and publication of a guideline pursuant to the provisions of Paragraph 1 of Article 28 and matters concerning guidance and advice pursuant to Paragraph 2 of the same Article:　The minister having jurisdiction over the business that uses non-road special motor vehicles.

• 容器包装廃棄物の排出の状況及び排出を抑制するための取組に関する調査を行い、消費者に対し、その求めに応じ当該調査に基づく指導及び助言をすること。
• Conducting surveys on the state of discharge of waste containers and packaging and efforts to reduce the discharge, and providing consumers with guidance and advice based on the surveys at their request

• 海外における石炭の探鉱に必要な地質構造の調査その他の石炭の安定的な供給の確保に資する情報の収集及び提供並びに石炭の生産に必要な技術に関する指導
• Collection and provision of information concerning the geological surveys necessary for coal exploration in foreign countries and of other information that will contribute to ensuring a stable supply of coal, and guidance concerning the technology necessary for coal production.

• 都道府県知事は、基本方針に即し、漁業協同組合等その他養殖をする者に対し、持続的な養殖生産の確保を図るために必要な指導及び助言を行うものとする。
• Each Governor shall provide necessary guidance and advice to the Fisheries Cooperative Associations and to other aquaculture farmers in conformity with the Basic Policy to assure sustainable aquaculture production.

• 組合、協業組合、商工組合、商工組合連合会、商店街振興組合及び商店街振興組合連合会（以下「組合等」という。）の組織、事業及び経営の指導並びに連絡
• Provision of instructions regarding organization, activities, and management to cooperatives, joint cooperatives, commercial and industrial cooperatives, federations of commercial and industrial cooperatives, shopping district promotion cooperatives, and federations of shopping district promotion cooperatives (hereinafter referred to as 'cooperatives, etc.'), and liaison between them

• 1969年、京大全学共闘会議の実質的な指導部の一人であった高瀬泰司（元京都府学連委員長）が、同年、京大教養部で「バリ祭」「反大学」を演出した。
• In 1969, one of the substantial leaders of the All Student Joint Struggle Council of Kyoto University, Yasuji TAKASE (former chairman of the Kyoto federation of students) organized 'Barricade Festival' and 'Anti-University' at Faculty of Liberal Arts, Kyoto University.

• 1894年5月に朝鮮で、東学教団構成員の全琫準を指導者として民生改善と日・欧の侵出阻止を求める農民反乱である甲午農民戦争（東学党の乱）が起きた。
• In May 1894, the Tonghak Peasant Revolution led by Jeon Bong Jun --a member of the Tonghak religious community-- occurred in Korea, calling for improvement of the people's livelihood and prevention of invasions from Japan and Western countries.

• 明治維新により天皇が国家の最高指導者に位置付けられてからは皇室典範並びに登極令の制定により天皇の践祚・即位に関わる一連の儀式の様式が定められた。
• Since the Emperor was regarded as the national supreme leader by the Meiji Restoration, the form of a series of ceremonies in regard of the accession and enthronement of the Emperor was defined by the newly established Imperial House Act and Tokyoku-rei.

• 高倉永季の子の高倉永行（位階・参議）（生年不詳 - 1416年）以降は足利将軍家の衣文道の指導にも当たり、朝廷での有職故実を山科家にも伝授した。
• From the time of Nagasue TAKAKURA's son, Nagayuki TAKAKURA (Court Rank, Councillor, date of birth unknown - 1416) onwards, the family taught Emondo to the Ashikaga shogunate, and gave instruction in the court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette to the Yamashina family.

• 百済復興を目指す旧百済軍は指導者を求めて、603年、倭国（日本国）に人質として派遣されていた百済の王子、扶余豊（扶余豊璋）の帰国を倭国に求めた。
• In 603, the former Baekje army that was working on the Baekje revival thought they would need a leader for the movement and requested Wakoku (Japan) to send back the Baekje Prince, Buyeo Pung (Hosho FUYO), who had been sent there as a hostage.

• しかしながら、義昭からは先の仲介を理由に不問とされ、代わりに将軍宣下の儀の手伝いを要請され、信長の家臣村井貞勝らに装束に関する指導を行っている。
• However, he was requested to help the ceremonial imperial proclamation of Shogun without being charged, for that he had helped Yoshiaki requesting Yoshiak's promotion, and he instructed Nobunaga's vassals including Sadakatsu MURAI on their outfits.

• というのは、藤原定家から『明月記』を受け継いだ孫の冷泉為相は、その頃領地の訴訟をきっかけに鎌倉に滞在し、藤ヶ谷に住んで鎌倉の歌壇を指導している。
• Tamesuke REIZEI, who inherited his grandfather FUJIWARA no Teika's 'Meigetsuki,' moved to Kamakura around this time to file suit for land, living in Fujigaya and undertaking the teaching of poet circles in Kamakura.

• 特に南北朝時代 (日本)以後には、都市には町衆、農村には乙名などの有力な指導層が現れて、彼らが主導する祭礼や芸能の中で「風流」が取り入れられた。
• After the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) in particular, powerful leaders like Machishu (rich merchants) in the urban areas and Otona (leaders of farmer's organizations) in the rural areas appeared, and 'Furyu' was included in the festivals and performing arts that they hosted.

• 都道府県センターの事業について連絡調整を図り、及びこれに従事する者に対する研修を行い、並びに都道府県センターに対する指導その他の援助を行うこと。
• Conducting liaison and coordination regarding the operations of prefectural centers for climate change action, providing training for persons engaged therein, and providing guidance and other assistance to prefectural centers for climate change action.

• 相反する利害を有する者の間の利害の調整を目的として法令の規定に基づいてされる裁定その他の処分（その双方を名あて人とするものに限る。）及び行政指導
• Awards or other Dispositions (limited to cases where both sides are made parties to the proceedings) and Administrative Guidance rendered pursuant to the provisions of those laws and regulations that have been enacted for the purpose of adjusting the interests between persons having a conflict of interests;

• 1917年宗教団体大本に入信、京都府の綾部市や亀岡市で独自の修行を続け、甥の井上鑑昭（親英体道の創始者）と共に同地で「合気武道」の指導を行った。
• In 1917, he joined the religious group Oomoto, and continued his own training in Ayabe City and Kameoka City in Kyoto while teaching 'Aikibudo' with his nephew Noriaki INOUE (founder of the martial art called Shinei Taido) in the area.

• 正座は脚の血流を妨げることから、脚の発育に悪影響を及ぼし短足やO脚の原因になるとされることもあり、子供に正座をしないよう指導する人も一部にある。
• Since sitting in the seiza style hinders blood flow, it could have an adverse effect on the growth of legs, causing short legs or bow-legs, and some people tell their children not to sit in seiza style.

• 裁判所時代から現地の行政は岡本監輔（けんすけ）が執り、明治元年（1868年）と2年（1869年）から移住した日本人入植者約500人を指導していた。
• Kensuke OKAMOTO performed public administration from the time of the Hakodate District Court and managed about 500 Japanese settlers who immigrated from 1868 and 1869.

• 1881年5月、高知県の酒造業者300名が政府に対して造酒税の引下げ嘆願を提出するとともに、地元出身の自由民権運動の指導者植木枝盛に助力を求めた。
• In May 1881, 300 brewers from Kochi Prefecture presented the government with a petition for the reduction of sake brewing tax and at the same time sought cooperation from Emori UEKI who was the leader of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement and was also from Kochi.

• 早くも翌11月1日には秩父郡内を制圧して、高利貸や役所等の書類を破棄した（なお一部には、指導部の意に反して暴力行為や焼き討ち等を行った者もいた）。
• As early as on November 1, the next day, they brought Chichibu County under their control and destroyed documents of usurers and public offices (some took violent actions or set fire against the intention of the leaders).

• そしてその指導の下に旧軍とは別に、新式の編成で新式の装備を有する「別技軍」を組織し、日本式の訓練を行ったり日本に留学させたりと、努力を続けていた。
• Under the advisors' instruction, they set up the 'Byeolgigun' (a modernized special military force) apart from the existing traditional army, organized it in a new way and had it newly-equipped, continuing with such efforts as performing Japanese-style training and sending some members to Japan for study.

• 明治から太平洋戦争敗戦までは、研究の場では江戸時代より様々な論考があったにもかかわらず、学校教育において実在の人物として教えるよう指導されていた。
• Although there had been various discussions on Empress Jingu in the research setting since the Edo period, teachers were directed to teach that Empress Jingu was a real, existing person from the Meiji period until the defeat in the Pacific War.

• 1531年には本願寺教団内部で対立（後の山科本願寺焼討事件まで含めて享禄・天文の乱と呼ぶ）が起こるが、証如はこれを抑えて法主の指導力強化に努めた。
• In 1531, a conflict within the Hongan-ji religious group occurred (it is called the Kyoroku-Tenbun War (Kyoroku-Tenbun Rebellion) including the later incidents until when Yamashina Hongan-ji Temple was burned down), but Syonyo resolved this conflict and made efforts to strengthen the leadership of Hoshu (high priest).

• 協会は、高圧ガスによる災害の防止に資するため、高圧ガスの保安に関する調査、研究及び指導、高圧ガスの保安に関する検査等の業務を行うことを目的とする。
• The purpose of the Institute is to conduct such services as investigation, research and guidance and inspection related to the safety of high pressure gases in order to help prevent accidents and disasters due to high pressure gases.

• そのため海軍の黎明期にはオランダ人が指導の中心となったが、明治新政府に替わってからはイギリス人を顧問に据えることでイギリスに習った海軍運営となった。
• As a consequence, in the early days of the Japanese Navy it was primarily Dutchmen who led the way; with the birth of the new Meiji government, however, Englishmen were employed as advisers, and as such, the administration of the Navy followed the British model.

• また非血縁関係の家臣・国人領主たちに「一家」・「一門」などの称号を与えて自己の一族扱いをしてゆく事によって組織における指導的地位を確保しようとした。
• They treated the vassals and Kokujin ryoshu, who had no blood relations, as equals to family members by conferring them the title of 'ikka' or 'ichimon' in an attempt to maintain their leading position in the organization.

• これに先立ち、一進会は1905年11月5日に「外交権を日本政府に委任し日本の指導保護を受け、朝鮮の独立、安定を維持せよ」という宣言書を発表している。
• On November 5, 1905 before that, Isshinkai had announced their declaration that they transferred their diplomatic right to Japanese Government to go under the Japanese instruction and protection, for the purpose of maintaining Korea's independence and stability.

• 政府による官庁集中計画が立てられると、専門家育成が必要になり、ヨーロッパの中でも日本がめざすべき先進国と考えられたドイツ政府に指導的人物を打診した。
• With a plan to construct numerous government offices and realizing the need to develop specialists in the field of architecture, the Japanese government sought assistance from the German government, an advanced European nation that the Japanese admired.

• 掾官はその名の通り掾や目といった下級国司の子孫が土着したものと見られ、衛門府の尉官などの官位を得ていることが多く、国衙で指導的立場にいたと思われる。
• Jokan is, as the name suggests, were regarded as localized lower-ranking kokushi descendants such as jo or sakan, and jokan often attained official ranks such as ikan and so on in emonfu (bureaucracy in the ritsuryo system of governance) and seemed to have been in a position of leadership within the kokuga.

• 保護観察における指導監督及び補導援護は、保護観察対象者の特性、とるべき措置の内容その他の事情を勘案し、保護観察官又は保護司をして行わせるものとする。
• The instruction and supervision and the guidance and assistance during the probation shall be conducted by probation officers or volunteer probation officers considering the characteristics of the probationers and parolees, contents of the measures to be taken and other circumstances into consideration.

• これは、久米田寺の前に位置する久米田池を行基が掘削指導し、田畑の開墾や周辺住民の生活向上へ寄与し、その他の遺徳を顕彰する「行基参り」と呼ばれている。
• This gathering is called 'Gyoki mairi (visit),' which celebrates Gyoki's numerous achievements including his leadership in excavating Kumeda-ike Pond located in front of Kumeda-dera Temple; the excavation greatly contributied to the development of farm lands and the improvement of the lives of the local people.

• 幕府が諸藩を指導して給人という呼称を用いさせたり定着させようとした事実はないにも関わらず、多くの諸藩には、給人または給人席という身分・家格が存在した。
• The fact was that the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) did not intend to use or settle this designation of kyujin, however, there existed a status or Kakaku called kyujin or kyujin-seki in many domains.

• 倭国（後の日本）にとって百済は同盟国であり、当時の倭国の政治指導者である天智天皇（後の天智天皇）は、百済復興を強力に支援しようと、朝鮮半島へ出兵した。
• Kudara was an ally of Wakoku (later Japan), and Naka no Oe no Oji (later Emperor Tenchi), who was the political leader of the country at that time, dispatched troops to the Korean Peninsula in an effort to vigorously back up Kudara to restore.

• 渡邊海旭（かいぎょく）上人（1872年 - 1933年）の指導に基づいて当世乱れがちになっていた茶の湯の道の改革を計り、原点に帰った茶風を打ち立てた。
• He reformed the things in disorder of those days and established the style which is based on the fundamental spirit of tea ceremony under the guidance of the Holy Priest Kaigyoku WATANABE (1872-1933).

• また、近年では各種生活習慣病を予防する観点などから、栄養士の指導の元、野菜類などを多めに入れ、栄養バランスに配慮したものを作っている部屋も珍しくない。
• In recent years, from the viewpoint of the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases, many sumo stables use more vegetables to cook nutritiously-balanced chankonabe under the dietician's instructions.

• 文化 (元号)8年（1811年）に富山藩に仕えたが、文政4年（1821年）に家禄300石をもって加賀藩前田氏に仕え、江戸と金沢を往復し指導に当たった。
• In 1811, Beian served Toyama Domain, but in 1821, he went to serve the Maeda Clan of Kaga Domain for an annual stipend of 300 koku and commuted between Kanazawa and Edo to teach.

• 前号に規定する処分の手続又は第三章に規定する聴聞若しくは弁明の機会の付与の手続その他の意見陳述のための手続において法令に基づいてされる処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions or Administrative Guidance rendered pursuant to laws and regulations concerning procedures for the Dispositions prescribed in the preceding item, procedures for hearings or for grants of opportunity for explanation prescribed in Chapter III, and other procedures for statements of opinions.

• 矯正処遇及び前条第一項の規定による指導（以下「矯正処遇等」という。）は、その効果的な実施を図るため、必要に応じ、受刑者を集団に編成して行うものとする。
• Correctional treatment and the guidance pursuant to the provision of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article (hereinafter referred to as 'correctional treatment, etc.') shall, where necessary for its effective implementation, be conducted by organizing sentenced persons into groups.

• 紙屋（かんや）院の技術指導によって、各地で紙漉きが盛んになり、律令制度の統制力の弱体化とも相まって、紙屋（かんや）院は原料の調達が思わしくなくなった。
• With technical instruction from kanyain, paper making became popular in various places and kanyain began to experience the lack of materials together with the weakening of the administration's controlling power.

• 実際の指導は、親交のあった中山博道（神道無念流）の3人の高弟で「有信館の三羽烏」と呼ばれた中倉清（当時は盛平の婿養子）、羽賀準一、中島五郎蔵が行った。
• Actual training was conducted by Kiyoshi NAKAKURA (who was at the time Morihei's adopted son-in-law), Junichi HAGA and Gorozo NAKAJIMA: These comprised the so-called 'trio of Yushinkan,' who were the three high-caliber disciples of a close friend, Hiromichi NAKAYAMA (of the Shindo-Munen school of swordsmanship).

• 大名家における茶道の常として上田家においても家元自ら門下を指導することはなく、野村家と中村家より茶道預師範として禄100石を与えて茶道の役を務めさせた。
• The Ueda family did not directly instruct tea ceremony to the disciples as is the case with daimyo (Japanese territorial lord), and had the Nomura family and tne Nakamura family work as the entrusted instructors giving a stipend of 100 koku.

• しかし、そんな中でも舞台の監修（監督）を積極的に行い、後進の中村雀右衛門 (4代目)、坂東玉三郎 (5代目)、中村福助 (9代目)らに指導を行っている。
• However, he actively supervised (directed) plays in the meantime and instructed the younger Jakuemon NAKAMURA IV, Tamasaburo BANDO V, and Fukusuke NAKAMURA IX.

• 713年（和銅6年）には大隅国が設置され当時律令制導入の先進地であった豊前国から5000人を移住させ指導に当たらせるなど支配体制がさらに強化されている。
• Upon the establishment of Osumi Province in 713, 5,000 people were immigrated from Buzen Province, where the ritsuryo system was well adopted, to instruct the people there and further reinforce the ruling system.

• この事件については立志社の指導者である板垣退助・後藤象二郎らは無関係で片岡も林ら過激な首謀者の巻き添えとなったとする見解が『自由党史』以来の通説である。
• Ever since the 'History of the Liberal Party' was compiled, the consensus has been that Taisuke ITAGAKI and Shojiro GOTO, leaders of the Rishisha, had nothing to do with the plot and that KATAOKA and HAYASHI were just associated with the radical ringleaders.

• 会員及び金融商品仲介業者の行う金融商品取引業に関し、契約の内容の適正化、資産運用の適正化、その他投資者の保護を図るため必要な調査、指導、勧告その他の業務
• to conduct investigations, to provide guidance and recommendation and to conduct other activities necessary for ensuring appropriateness in contracts and asset investment and for otherwise protecting investors with regard to Financial Instruments Business conducted by its members and Financial Instruments Intermediary Service Providers;

• ユリシーズとディオメーデースが、屍の間をうろつく狼のように、夜陰の中を音もなく忍び入っているころ、トロイア軍の指導者は集まって、何をすべきか考えていた。
• While Ulysses and Diomede stole through the night silently, like two wolves among the bodies of dead men, the Trojan leaders met and considered what they ought to do.

• 殿原衆は堅田の水上交通に従事して堅田船と呼ばれる船団を保有して、時には海賊行為を行って他の琵琶湖沿岸都市を牽制しつつ、堅田衆の指導的な地位を確保していた。
• Tonobara-shu were engaged in water transportation: they owned their fleet called Katata-sen (a group of ships in Katata) and maintained Katata-shu's leading position by checking other areas surrounding the lake and sometimes even by pirating.

• やがて、長慶の死去に伴い、三好氏では三好三人衆による指導体制に移行されたが、幕政からの三好氏排除を目論む13代将軍・足利義輝への対応に苦慮するようになる。
• Before long, due to the death of Nagayoshi, the Miyoshi clan shifted their system to the leaderships by Miyoshi Sanninshu (Miyoshi Triumvirate), but they started to suffer through the correspondence to the 13th Shogun Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA who proposed exclusion of the Miyoshi clan from bakufu.

• 処分、行政指導及び届出に関する手続並びに命令等を定める手続に関しこの法律に規定する事項について、他の法律に特別の定めがある場合は、その定めるところによる。
• When special provisions exist in other Acts on the matters otherwise governed by this Act concerning procedures for dispositions, administrative guidance and notifications, and procedure for making the Administrative Orders, etc., these procedures shall be governed by such special provisions.

• 正当な理由なく、第九十二条若しくは第九十三条に規定する作業を怠り、又は第八十五条第一項各号、第百三条若しくは第百四条に規定する指導を拒んではならないこと。
• Prohibition against the evasion of any work prescribed in Article 92 or 93, or refusal of the guidance prescribed in the items of paragraph (1) of Article 85, 103, or 104 without just cause;

• 天正年間（16世紀後半）、瓦職人だった長次郎が千利休の指導により聚楽第を建造する際に使用された土を使って焼いた「聚楽焼」（じゅらくやき）が始まりとされる。
• It is said that Rakuyaki began in the late 16th century when a roof tile artisan Chojiro baked 'Jurakuyaki' by firing the soil used in the construction of Jurakudai villa under the teaching of SEN no Rikyu.

• 法主（ほうしゅ/ほっす）とは、仏教においてその教義を護持してその教えの要となるべき人を指し、転じて宗派・宗門・教団の最高指導者（首長）を指すようになった。
• The word 'hoshu' (also referred as 'hossu') refers to a person who keeps the creed of Buddhism and plays a central role in its teaching, and turns to refer to the supreme leader (head) of the school, sect and religious community.

• 大隈・河野敏鎌らが脱党したが、慶應義塾系と嚶鳴社系を中心とする事務委員7名による集団指導体制によって辛うじて解党は防がれたが、活動はほとんど不可能となった。
• Losing Okuma and Kono, the party narrowly survived by a collective leadership of seven secretariats consisting of Keiogijuku and Omeisha groups, but was nearly impossible to function as a political party.

• しかし、泰時が確立した集団指導体制・明確な法令による司法体制は、個人的な資質などの不安定な要素に左右されることはなく、安定した政治結果を生み出すものだった。
• However, the judicial system by collective leadership system and clear codes established by Yasutoki was not determined by unstable factors such as a personal character, and gave rise to stable political results.

• 主務大臣は、特定特殊自動車を業として使用する者に対し、前項の指針に即して特定特殊自動車排出ガスの排出の抑制を図ることについて指導及び助言を行うことができる。
• The competent minister may provide guidance and advice on reduction of emissions from non-road special motor vehicles to persons who use non-road special motor vehicles for business purposes in accordance with the guideline mentioned in the preceding Paragraph.

• 関係行政機関は、前項の措置を講ずる場合において、同項の児童の保護のため必要があると認めるときは、その保護者に対し、相談、指導その他の措置を講ずるものとする。
• The administrative organs shall endeavor to take measures such as consultation, guidance and other measures for the protector of the child when, taking the measures provided in the preceding paragraph, they find it necessary for protection of the child.

• 保護観察は、保護観察対象者の改善更生を図ることを目的として、第五十七条に規定する指導監督及び第五十八条に規定する補導援護を行うことにより実施するものとする。
• Probation shall be implemented for the purpose of ensuring the improvement and rehabilitation of the probationers and parolees by conducting the instruction and supervision provided for in Article 57 and the guidance and assistance provided for in Article 58.

• 次に、北海道最初の鉄道である官営幌内鉄道が明治13年（1880年）、アメリカ人技師の指導により手宮駅（後に廃止）・札幌駅間で完成した（後の手宮線と函館本線）。
• Next, the first railroad in Hokkaido, state-owned Horonai Railway was completed between Temiya Station (later abolished) and Sapporo Station (later Temiya Line and Hakodate Main Line) under the supervision of an American engineer in 1880.

• 千利休・織部の茶風に桃山時代の気風を取り入れた「綺麗さび」と呼ばれる茶風に達し、3代将軍徳川家光の茶道師範を務めた他、諸大名、公卿、僧侶などに茶道を指導した。
• He created the style of tea called 'kirei-sabi' (pure elegance), which fused the spirit of the Momoyama period with SEN no Rikyu and Oribe styles of tea ceremony; he became the tea master for the third shogun, Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, and instructed many daimyo (feudal lords), nobles and Buddhist monks in the tea ceremony.

• 簡体字が視覚的に美しくないということで繁体字での書道教育も模索された時期があるものの、政策としての簡体字推進に矛盾することから現在は簡体字の指導で統一される。
• There was a time when Shodo education by traditional Chinese was sought due to lack of visual beauty in simplified Chinese, but now the standard is to instruct the simplified characters because the traditional is not consistent with the political measures for promoting simplified Chinese.

• こうした地侍たちは、安土桃山期の兵農分離（刀狩など）によって郷士や再度、百姓身分に戻り、庄屋・名主・肝煎・番頭など村の指導者としての地位に就くことが多かった。
• In most cases, these Ji-zamurai returned to the position of farmers due to the separation policy of samurai and farmers such as the sword hunt during the Azuchi Momoyama period and took the leaders' position of the villages such as Shoya, Nanushi, Kimoiri, and Banto.

• 自天王（じてんのう、永享12年（1440年） - 長禄元年12月2日 (旧暦)（1457年12月18日）は、南朝 (日本)の再建を図った後南朝の最後の指導者。
• Jitenno (1440 - December 18, 1457) was the last leader of the Gonancho (the Second Southern Court) who attempted to rebuild the Southern Court (Japan).

• このころ父・津田仙との確執もあったことから、梅子は伊藤への英語指導や通訳のため雇われて伊藤家に滞在、歌子からは日本語を学び、「桃夭女塾」へ英語教師として通う。
• Since she had a conflict with her father, Sen TSUDA around this time, she stayed at Ito's house to work as his English teacher and an interpreter where she learned Japanese from Utako and began teaching English at 'Toyo Girls' School.'

• はじめ吉本は企業経営をしながら自宅で希望者に内観をさせていたが、昭和28年、事業から引退し、大和郡山市に内観道場（のちの内観研修所）を設け内観指導に専念する。
• At first, Yoshimoto was running his own business while offering Naikan therapy at his home to those who wanted to be clients, but in 1953, he retired from the business, established Naikan Dojo (later Naikan Kenshujo) in Yamatokoriyama City and devoted himself to teach Naikan therapy.

• 巡回指導や移動審査の実施など活発に行動する反面、太平洋戦争の戦局が切迫するにつれ、政府は国民生活の全てを戦争遂行に結集すべく国民への武道の修練を強く奨励した。
• While they were active, for instance performing guidance tours and traveling reviews, when the Pacific War situation became imminent the government strongly recommended martial arts training to the citizens in order to focus the lives of the citizens entirely on the pursuance of the war.

• 泰時は、世代交代期の混乱を防ぐため、叔父の北条時房を執権の補佐役といえる連署に当てるとともに、政治意思決定の合議機関である評定衆を設置し、集団指導体制を布いた。
• In order to prevent confusion during the transition of power to the next generation, Yasutoki appointed his uncle, Tokifusa HOJO, as rensho (assistant to the shikken), established the hyojoshu - a consulting institution for making political decisions - and founded the collective leadership system.

• のち1872年に『地蔵早稲』を、1877年には76種の優良稲種を明治政府勧業祭（現農林水産省）へ提出、秋田県・宮城県・石川県・大分県各県の稲作指導にもあたった。
• He submitted a note, 'Jizo Wase,' (Guardian deity of children watching over an early-ripening variety of rice) in 1872, and also the list of 76 high-quality rice kinds in 1877 to the Department of Encouragement of Industry founded in Meiji Government, (current Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) while he also participated in passing on his rice growing methods to those farmers in Akita, Miyagi, Ishikawa and Oita Prefectures.

• 明治11年渋沢栄一の斡旋で大阪第三十二国立銀行総監役として、業務の内容に取り組み、明治15年から3年間、日本銀行大阪支店長に就任して大阪銀行界の指導者になった。
• He worked on the contents of the business as a general office director of the thirty-second national bank in Osaka mediated by Eiichi SHIBUSAWA in 1878 and became the leader in the bank field in Osaka by serving as a manager of Bank of Japan, Osaka Branch for three years since 1882.

• 『新古今和歌集』編纂の中心人物だった藤原定家の死後は、その子の為家が歌壇の指導者だったが、為家が亡くなると、家系も歌壇も二条派・京極派・冷泉派の三派に分かれた。
• After the death of FUJIWARA no Sadaie, who had been a central figure in the compilation of 'Shin kokin wakashu,' his son Tameie became a mentor of the Tanka Composers' Society, but after Tameie passed away, both the Fujiwara family and the Tanka Composers' Society were divided into three schools: the NIJO, KYOGOKU and REIZEI.

• 甲申政変によって一時停止されていた「漢城旬報」（10日に一回発行）は、1886年「漢城周報」（週に一回発行）として発行され、井上も再び編集指導として採用された。
• 'Hanseong Sunbo' (issued once every 10 days), which ceased its publication for a while due to the Gapsin Coup, restarted to be issued as the 'Hanseong Chubo' (Hanseong Weekly Bulletins) (issued weekly) in 1886 and Inoue was employed again as the editorial supervisor.

• しかし博士は、唱えるための参考であり、声明を習得しようとすれば、口伝（ロイとも言う）（指導者による面授）が必要であり、師から弟子への流派の維持・継承は出来ない。
• However, Hakase was a reference to chant, and in order to learn Shomyo, kuden (also called roi, or direct initiation by an instructor) was necessary; therefore, conservation and inheritance were impossible from the perspective of a master to a disciple.

• 冨士大石寺顕正会では、1999年4月12日の本部指導会以降、正信会の主張に相乗りする形で、教義変更の仏罰で日達は急死したため、血脈相承を誰にも授けられなかった。
• After the headquarters instruction meeting held on April 12, 1999, Fuji Taiseki-ji Kensho-kai asserts, in the form of echoing the assertion of Shoshin-kai, that Nichidatsu could not bestow Kechimyaku Sojo to anyone because he had died suddenly as a consequence of Buddha's penalty relating to the change of doctrine.

• もっとも指導教師としての僧侶は存在するものの、活動の主体は在家の信者と信者が集まって結成する講であり、殊に教えの導き手たる講親と弟子の結びつきは強調されている。
• Although there was the presence of a monk as the leading teacher, the main part of the activity was the Ko (association) formed by the gathering of believers of Zaike, which emphasized the connection between the leading lecturer and the disciple.

• 以後も猿楽界の第一人者として重きをなす一方、後継者の元雅、甥の元重（音阿弥）、女婿の金春禅竹、そして『談儀』の著者である元能など次世代の能楽師たちの指導に励んだ。
• And later on, while he was taking the important position in the world of sarugaku, he was actively engaged in instructing Noh actors in the next generation including Motomasa (his successor), his nephew Motoshige (Onami), Zenchiku KONPARU (his son-in-law) and Motoyoshi(the writer of 'Sarugaku dangi').

• 鈴木氏は紀ノ川対岸の雑賀荘（現在の和歌山市街周辺）を中心に周辺の荘園の土豪たちが結集してつくっていた雑賀衆の有力な家系のひとつで、十ヶ郷の指導者的な立場にあった。
• The Suzuki clan was one of the powerful family lines of Saigashu, formed centering the Saiga-so estate (present periphery of the urban area of Wakayama City) by the local clans of the shoen (manor in medieval Japan) in the vicinity of, and it was in the position of the leader of the Jikkago area.

• 著書である『五輪書』は、現代も人生哲学書として、あるいは経営、スポーツなどの指導書としても読まれ、日本のみならず翻訳されて世界各地で愛読され影響を与え続けている。
• His book 'Gorin no sho' is still read by many people not only in Japan but also all over the world through many translations and it has broad influence as a philosophical essay about life or as instruction on business and sports.

• 安喰善知の門人には、松江藩の支藩である母里藩10代藩主松平直哉の子で子爵となった松平直敬があり、学習院や皇室で茶の湯の指導にあたるなどして関東地方に雲州流を広めた。
• A disciple of Zenchi AJIKI, Naoyoshi MATSUDAIRA, who was a son of Naotoshi MATSUDAIRA of the 10th lord of the Mori Domain, a branch domain of Matsue Domain, and received the rank of viscount, spread Unshu-ryu school in the Kanto region by giving instructions on tea ceremony at the Gakushuin School Corporation and to the Imperial family.

• 乙名は元々、村落の祭祀を執り行う宮座（みやざ）の代表者をさしていたが、惣村の結合が宮座での儀式を中心として行われていたことから、惣村の指導者を意味するようになった。
• The Otona originally meant a representative of miyaza (organization of shrine parishioners in a hamlet), which executed religious services in a village; however, as the soson was connected mainly through a ceremony held at miyaza, Otona came to mean the leader of the soson.

• 林遠里（はやし　おんり、1831年3月8日（天保2年1月24日（旧暦）） - 1906年（明治39年）1月30日）は、福岡県生まれの老農（篤農家）・農業技術指導者。
• Onri HAYASHI (March 3, 1831 - January 30, 1906) was a Rono (Tokunoka [a well-experienced, exemplary good farmer]) and leader of agricultural techniques, who was born in Fukuoka Prefecture.

• 自由民権運動の指導者であるため、一般には近代立憲的な自由主義の思想を持っていたとされ、また中江兆民がルソーを翻訳したことから、近代思想の輸入者というイメージもある。
• As he was the leader of Jiyu Minken Undo, Itagaki has been generally regarded as having the philosophy of modern constitutional liberalism, and also, he has the image of an importer of modern philosophy like Chomin NAKAE, who translated the works of Jean-Jacques Rousseau into Japanese.

• 世阿弥は前に、甥に当たる三郎元重（後の音阿弥）を養子にしていたらしく、幼少期の元雅はこの義兄とともに、父の指導の下、将来の後継者候補として芸を磨いていたと思われる。
• Apparently Zeami adopted his nephew, Saburo Motoshige (later Onami) before Motomasa was born, and Motomasa practiced the art together with his older brother under the guidance of their father; as potential successors to the father.

• 昭高院准后道澄から古今伝授を、また藤木成定から入木道（じゅぼくどう＝書道）伝授を受け、後水尾上皇・徳川秀忠・細川忠興・島津家久に蹴鞠を指導するなど諸芸に秀でていた。
• He was initiated into kokin denju (the art of interpreting the kokinshu) by the Shoko-in Dogo JUNGO, and initiated into the art of calligraphy by Narisada FUJIKI, and was exceptionally accomplished instructing such luminaries as Retired Emperor Gomizuo, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, and Iehisa SHIMAZU in the game of kemari (an ancient kick-ball game similar to soccer).

• 都道府県等は、第三十五条第一項の規定による犬又はねこの引取り等に際して、前項に規定する措置が適切になされるよう、必要な指導及び助言を行うように努めなければならない。
• A prefecture, etc. shall, upon such cases as when custody of a dog or a cat is taken under Article 35(1), endeavor to provide the necessary guidance and advice so that the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph are taken appropriately.

• 段位は「剣道の技術的力量（精神的要素を含む）」、称号は「これに加え指導力や、識見などを備えた剣道人としての完成度」を示すものとして、審査（選考会）を経て授与される。
• Dan-i (qualification of rank) and titles are granted after an examination (selection match) in which 'technical skill of Kendo (including mental factors)' for Dan-i,' as well as titles pertaining to one's 'level of achievement as a Kendo person with leadership and discretion.'

• 主務大臣は、新エネルギー利用等を促進するため必要があると認めるときは、エネルギー使用者に対し、新エネルギー利用指針に定める事項について指導及び助言を行うものとする。
• When the competent minister finds it to be necessary to promote New Energy Utilization, etc., he/she shall provide guidance and advice to Energy Users with regard to the matters provided for in the New Energy Utilization Guidelines.

• 主に進路指導やキャリアカウンセリングにかかわる人に、自己啓発、職業選択、職業生活設計、能力開発等をテーマとした各種研修・セミナーを実施し、専門知識、技能を提供する。
• This program provides career counselors and career guides with professional skills and expertise by giving varied training and seminars on self-development, job selection, career design, and ability development.

• 加えて明和5年（1768年）から寛永通寳真鍮當四文 (通貨単位)銭の鋳造を請負い、これ以降、文久永宝に至るまで四文銭の鋳造は銀座の指導監督のもと行われることとなった。
• The ginza later became responsible for minting the Kan'ei Tsuho shinchu-yonmon (currency unit) coin from 1768, marking the start of yonmon coin minting under the supervision of the ginza until the Bunkyu and Eiho periods

• そのため西洋画の技法研究も、蘭学者である平賀源内が外国人からの直接の指導を受けることなく、書物の挿画の模写などを通して独学で行っており、余技の域を出ないものであった。
• The techniques of Western paintings were studied by Gennai HIRAGA, a scholar of Dutch studies, by copying the illustrations in books, and since he painted in his own way without any direct guidance from Westerners, his study of the art was no better than painting as a hobby.

• 野田は空襲恐怖症にとらわれたとも言われ、終戦間際の7月、「旺盛な精神力、体力、各位の信任の三つの条件が備わっていなければ、この時局の指導的地位には耐えられぬ」と自問。
• It was also said that Noda had become filled with phobia about air raids, and in July when the war would be over soon, he asked himself, 'Who could endure the leading position like mine under this situation, if he is not endowed with three conditions that are the strong mental vigor, the physical strength, and the confidence of everyone?'

• そのほか、阪堺鉄道（南海電気鉄道の前身）、山陽鉄道（日本国有鉄道に吸収）、宇治川水力電気（関西電力の前身）、北浜銀行（後に三和銀行）などの創設に指導的役割を果たした。
• In addition, he took a leading role in the founding of Hankai Railway (predecessor of Nankai Electric Railway), Sanyo Railway (acquired by Japanese National Railways), Uji River Hydroelectric (predecessor of Kansai Electric Power Company), and Kitahama Bank (latter-day Sanwa Bank).

• 佐賀の乱、神風連の乱、秋月の乱、萩の乱など士族の反乱が続く中で、明治10年（1877年）に私学校生徒の暴動から起こった西南戦争の指導者となるが、敗れて城山で自刃した。
• While the Shizoku-no-Hanran (rebellion of warrior class), Saga-no-ran War (turmoil of Saga), Shimpuren-no-ran War (turmoil of Shimpuren, a dissatisfied warrior group), Akizuki-no-ran War (turmoil of Akizuki), and Hagi-no-ran War (turmoil of dissatisfied warriors at Hagi) were going on, he became a leader in the Seinan War, which started due to students of Shigakko in 1877, but he lost at Shiroyama and committed suicide.

• 居住者が技術導入契約の対価として工業所有権その他の技術に関する権利の譲渡、これらに関する使用権の設定又は事業の経営に関する技術の指導を行おうとする技術導入契約の締結等
• The conclusion of a technology introduction contract, etc. in which a resident intends to transfer industrial property and other rights relating to the technology, establish the right of use relating thereto or give guidance on the technology relating to business operation as the consideration of the technology introduction contract;

• 刑事施設の長は、受刑者に対し、犯罪の責任を自覚させ、健康な心身を培わせ、並びに社会生活に適応するのに必要な知識及び生活態度を習得させるため必要な指導を行うものとする。
• The warden of the penal institution shall provide with necessary guidance to sentenced persons in order to awaken them to the responsibility for the crime, cultivate healthy mind and body, and acquire knowledge and lifestyle necessary for adapting themselves to life in society.

• 刑事施設の長は、前項に規定するもののほか、学力の向上を図ることが円滑な社会復帰に特に資すると認められる受刑者に対し、その学力の状況に応じた教科指導を行うことができる。
• In addition to what is prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the warden of the penal institution may provide a sentenced person for whom an improvement in academic ability is especially conductive for smooth re-entry into society with the guidance in school courses suited to his/her academic ability.

• 使用する笛に関しては神楽笛を用いることが厳重に指導されており、龍笛、篠笛等の笛は用いてはならないとされる（そもそも神楽笛以外の笛は音域が合わず、吹奏に適切ではない）。
• The flute used should be a kagura flute; other types of flutes, such as the ryuteki and shinobue, are not suitable as their pitch does not match the music in any way.

• 指定修習機関の役員若しくは職員（実務修習の講師及び指導者を含む。次項において同じ。）又はこれらの職にあった者は、実務修習事務に関して知り得た秘密を漏らしてはならない。
• Officers or employees of the designated training agency (including the trainers and leaders of the practical training agency. The same shall apply to the next paragraph.) or persons who have taken such positions in the past shall not divulge secret information gained through the practical training affairs.

• そのような事態に直面した場合、教義を持ち出してあえて対立するよりは、「門徒物知らずですから」と自ら認めることによって、穏便にその場を納めて指導には従わないことがある。
• In the face of such a situation, some monto disobey such instructions amicably by admitting they are 'monto mono shirazu,' instead of causing confrontation by bringing forward the doctrine.

• 一般的なカレンダーなどにはこれまで広く用いられてきたが、行政をはじめとする公共機関が作成するカレンダーでは使用せず、掲載を取り止めるよう行政指導を行っている機関もある。
• It has been widely used in ordinary calendars, but has not been used in calendars made by public institutions like government and some public institutions provide administrative guidance to order not to list it.

• 当初は瀬戸焼を中心にして唐物を模倣して作られていたが（特に「古瀬戸」（ふるせと）と呼ぶ）、江戸時代になると小堀遠州などの指導で日本独自の形式が生み出されるようになった。
• At first most pieces of Kuniyaki chaire were Seto-yaki (Seto ware), made in imitation of karamono (such pieces are specially called 'huru-seto' (old Seto ware)) but during the Edo period Japan's original type of chaire was created under the coaching of Enshu KOBORI.

• 1872年（明治5年）の都をどり創設にあたっては振付ならびに指導を担当、これまで座敷舞であった京舞を舞台にのせ、また祇園町と井上流の関係を深めて流派を興隆にみちびいた。
• Did choreography and instruction for the Miyako Odori at its founding in 1872, taking Kyoumai dancing out of the traditional private venues and onto the stage; she also strengthened ties between Gion and the Inoue school, leading the school on an ascent.

• 記録ではこのとき小田原攻めに遅参したという理由で秀吉が政宗を事実上監禁して脅したが、政宗は詰問に来た前田利家らに千利休の茶の指導を受けたいと申し出、秀吉らを感嘆させた。
• According to historical records, Hideyoshi threatened Masamune by virtually placing him under restraint for his tardiness at the Odawara Attack; however, upon the demand of explanation from Toshiie MAEDA who came to interrogate him, Masamune unexpectedly responded to ask for the instruction session of tea ceremony from SEN no Rikyu; Hideyoshi marveled at his tactful behavior.

• 従事しようとする業務に関連する業務について三年以上の実務経験を有すること。ただし、大学を卒業した者が翻訳、通訳又は語学の指導に係る業務に従事する場合は、この限りでない。
• The applicant must have at least 3 years' experience in the relevant duties; provided, however, that this shall not apply to cases where the applicant who has graduated from university is to engage in translation, interpretation, or language instruction.

• 名塩でも弥右衛門を名乗り、優れた越前の鳥の子の製紙技術を指導し、さらに改良や普及に尽力して、その業績を高く評価されて名塩鳥の子の始祖と讃えられるようになったと思われる。
• It seems he also used the name Yaemon in Najio, taught the superior technique of torinoko manufacturing in Echizen, and made efforts in improving and disseminating it, so his achievements were highly esteemed and he was admired as the originator of Najio torinoko.

• 米国の労働組合の指導者で、1920年から1960年まで全米炭鉱労組の委員長であり、1935年から1940年まで産業別労働組合会議の議長であった（1880年−1969年）
• United States labor leader who was president of the United Mine Workers of America from 1920 to 1960 and president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations from 1935 to 1940 (1880-1969)

• フランスの革命の指導者で、パリ監獄を襲撃しルイ16世の処刑を支持したが、恐怖時代への彼の反対のためにロベスピエールによってギロチンにかけられた（1759年−1794年）
• French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794)

• 株式会社京都アニメーション（きょうとアニメーション、英語表記：）はアニメーションの企画・製作およびアニメーション制作に関する技術指導を主な事業内容とする日本の企業である。
• Kyoto Animation Co., Ltd. is a Japanese corporation engaged in the design and production of animation as well as technical guidance related to animation production.

• 後進の指導にもあたり、市村羽左衛門 (15代目)、中村鴈治郎 (初代)、松本幸四郎 (7代目)、尾上菊五郎 (6代目)、中村歌右衛門 (5代目)などの有望な若手を育てた。
• He taught and trained promising young actors including Uzaemon ICHIMURA (the 15th), Ganjiro NAKAMURA (the first), Koshiro MATSUMOTO (the seventh), Kikugoro ONOE (the sixth), Utaemon NAKAMURA (the fifth) and others.

• 主に、近江国・伊勢国・河内の教団発展に努力し、実如の死の際には共通の孫にあたる証如を託され、幼少の法主の後見人として本願寺内部で大きな発言権を持ち、指導的な役割を果した。
• Renjun worked hard for the development of the religious community in Omi, Ise, and Kawachi Provinces, and when Jitsunyo died, Renjun was entrusted with the care of Shonyo, the grandson of both these brothers, and exerted leadership with his powerful voice within Hongan-ji Temple as the guardian of the future head of the sect in his childhood.

• 各卸売市場への配分は過去の消費実績などを基に水産庁や有識者による検討で決定され、その後も公的性格を有する産品として農林水産省総合食料局流通課による指導の下で取引されている。
• The allotment to each wholesale market is determined through investigations by the Fisheries Agency and experts concerned, based on past consumption data, and even actual transactions, after the allotment, are made under guidance of Commerce and Marketing Division Ministry of Agriculture, General Food Policy Bureau, Forestry and Fisheries.

• ハイデルベルク大学・テュービンゲン大学などでハインリヒ・フォン・トライチュケやレオポルト・フォン・ランケの指導を受け1891年（明治24年）テュービンゲン大学で博士号取得。
• Supervised by Heinrich von Treitschke and Leopold von Ranke at the University of Heidelberg, University of Tubingen, and the like, Mitsukuri received his doctorate from the University of Tubingen in 1891.

• 認定団体は、前項の規定により投資者保護指針を公表したときは、対象事業者に対し、当該投資者保護指針を遵守させるため必要な指導、勧告その他の措置をとるよう努めなければならない。
• When a Certified Organization has published the Investor Protection Guidelines under the preceding paragraph, it shall endeavor to provide the Target Business Operators with guidance, recommendations and other measures necessary for having the Target Business Operators comply with the Investor Protection Guidelines.

• 気象庁長官は、センターに対し、情報提供業務の実施に必要な気象情報であつて国土交通省令で定めるものを提供するとともに、当該業務の実施に関し必要な指導及び助言を行うものとする。
• The Director-General of the Japan Meteorological Agency shall provide a center with the meteorological information which is necessary for the implementation of information provision services and specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, as well as with necessary guidance and advice concerning the implementation of said services.

• これは、あらかじめ子どもたちに「坐禅中、心が落ち着かなくなったり、眠くなったりしたら手を合わせなさい」などと指導しておき、合掌した子どもにだけ警策を与えるというものである。
• This is the practice in which children are instructed in advance to 'put your hands together if they feel distracted or sleepy during zaze' and kyosaku (keisaku) is given only those who make the gassho (hands in prayer position).

• 長らく二刀流が否定されていたため、また上記の通り竹刀の長さ、および二刀流の相手に対しては胸突きが認められるというハンディがあるため、指導者、使用者とも少ないのが現状である。
• The present situation is that both coaches and contenders of Nito-ryu are small in number, due to the facts that Nito-ryu has been denied for a long time, that Shinai of different lengths are used as above, and that a contender of Nito-ryu is allowed to make Mune-tsuki to the other contender, which is a handicap for the latter.

• 裁判所職員総合研修所教官は、上司の指揮を受けて、裁判所職員総合研修所における裁判所書記官、家庭裁判所調査官その他の裁判官以外の裁判所の職員の研究及び修養の指導をつかさどる。
• Professors of the Training and Research Institute for Court Officials shall, under the direction of their supervisors, take charge of guiding research and training in the Training and Research Institute for Court Officials for court clerks, family court research law clerks, and other court officials except for judges.

• 実際の建設に際しては、土木工事は築城経験のある日本の技術が生かされたが、現在の多摩川にかかる六郷川橋梁だけはイギリス人の指導の下に木造で架橋された（明治10年に鉄橋に交換）。
• For actual construction, technology for castle construction was utilized, although only a wooden bridge over the present-day Tamagawa River was built under the supervision of an Englishman (which was replaced with an iron bridge in the 10th year of the Meiji Era).

• 自由の身となった覚馬は、京都府大参事・河田佐久馬の推挽により京都府庁に出仕、当時権大参事として府政の実権を握っていた槇村正直（のち京都府令・知事）の顧問として府治を指導した。
• After being set free, Kakuma served in Kyoto Prefectural Government thanks to the recommendation of Sakuma KAWADA, a Daisanji (second to a governor) of Kyoto Prefecture, and led the Kyoto government as an adviser of Masanao MAKIMURA (who later became the governor by Order of Kyoto Prefecture) who was taking the helm of the Kyoto government as a Gon Daisanji (second to a governor).

• 所属銀行は、銀行代理業者が営む銀行代理業に関し、内閣府令で定めるところにより、銀行代理業に係る業務の指導その他の健全かつ適切な運営を確保するための措置を講じなければならない。
• A Principal Bank shall, with regard to Bank Agency Services operated by its Bank Agent, give guidance on business operations pertaining to his/her Bank Agency Services and take any other measures for ensuring sound and appropriate management, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Ordinance.
• A Principal Bank shall, with regard to Bank Agency Service operated by its Bank Agent, give guidance on business operations pertaining to his/her Bank Agency Service and take any other measures for ensuring sound and appropriate management, pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance.

• 日蓮正宗法華講連合会には事務機構上、委員長、副委員長、理事、地方部長などの役職があるが、これも「組世話役」と定義され、「連合会」に加盟する各法華講を指導・監督することはない。
• In Nichiren Shoshu Hokke Ko Rengokai, for the convenience of the official system, there are official positions such as iincho (chairman), fuku-iincho (vice chairman), riji, and chiho-bucho (manager in the local area), which are defined as 'Kumi-sewayaku' and not allowed to teach or supervise Hokke Ko who are members of 'Rengokai.'

• この鎌倉府は足利家出身の鎌倉公方とこれを補佐する上杉家出身の関東管領に指導されていたが、関東管領の任命権は幕府が握っていたこともあり、鎌倉公方と関東管領はしばしば対立していた。
• Although the Kamakura Government was led by Kamakura Kubo who came from the Ashikaga family and its assistant Kanto Kanrei who came from the Uesugi family, Kamakura Kubo and Kanto Kanrei were often confronted each other partly because an appointive power of Kanto Kanrei was handled by the bakufu.

• 一方で鳥取藩の支藩鳥取東館の池田仲雅が志野流の茶道を好み、流祖像を作り大谷平奉弘を茶頭として志野流茶道を指導させたことから、志野流の元来の茶道が因幡地方に伝来することになった。
• On the other hand, the original tea ceremony style of the Shino school was passed on in the Inaba region because Nakamasa IKEDA, the lord of the Tottori Higashi Yakata, which was the branch domain of Tottori, preferred the style of the Shino school of the tea ceremony, built the statue of its founder, and let 大谷平奉弘 teach that style as sado (a person in charge of the tea ceremony).

• 義詮の死後は、足利幕府は幼い将軍足利義満を補佐した管領細川頼之の指導により、南朝方の中心的武将であった楠木正儀（正成の子）を帰順させるなど対南朝工作を行い、幕府体制を確立する。
• After Yoshiakira died, governance over the shogunate fell to the Kanrei Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, acting as advisor to the young Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA; under Yoriyuki's direction, the shogunal system was firmly established, and the Northern Court launched various maneuvers against the Southern Court, including forcing Masanori KUSUNOKI (son of Masashige), the Southern Court's chief military commander, to switch allegiance to the Northern Court.

• このとき蝦夷の指導者アテルイは生存していたが、いったん帰京してから翌年、確保した地域に胆沢城を築くために陸奥国に戻っていることから、優勢な戦況を背景に停戦したものと見られている。
• Though Aterui, a leader of the Emishi/Ezo army, survived, Tamuramaro decided to suspend hostilities against the Ezo army seemingly due to the predominant war situation, which may be presumed now from the fact that, in the year after he had returned to Kyoto, Tamuramaro went back to Mutsu Province in order to construct Isawa-jo Castle in the area he procured by fighting against the Ezo.

• 幼少のころから「農をもって国を興す」という大志を抱き、わずか8歳で運搬用の手押し車を発明するなど農機具の考案、さらにはイネの品種改良など農業全般にわたる実地指導者として活躍した。
• He had an ambition to 'promote the national development of Japan through the development of agriculture' from his childhood; he invented an agricultural instrument--a handcart to carry agricultural produce--when he was only 8 years old; he continued to work practically as the leading advisor of various agricultural fields, including the improvement and production of new rice varieties.

• 次に掲げる事情を有することにより改善更生及び円滑な社会復帰に支障があると認められる受刑者に対し前項の指導を行うに当たっては、その事情の改善に資するよう特に配慮しなければならない。
• Upon providing the guidance prescribed in the preceding paragraph to a sentenced person who has been deemed hindered from reformation and rehabilitation or from smooth re-entry into society due to such circumstances as are set out under the following items, the warden of the penal institution shall pay special attention to helping him/her to improve the circumstances:

• 材料である帆布を倉敷帆布の納入先の一つである岡山県の業者からの仕入れに切り替え、一澤喜久夫（四男）の技術指導の下、従前の帆布かばんを再現し、2006年10月16日より営業を再開。
• Ichizawa Hanpu Co., Ltd. changed to get in materials (sailcloth) from a company in Okayama Prefecture, one of the companies to which Kurashiki Hanpu (Kurashiki sailcloth) was delivered, and began its business again on October 16, 2006 under technical assistance of Kikuo ICHIZAWA (the fourth son) to reproduce the conventional hanpu kaban (sailcloth bag).

• 六月の嘉吉の乱で将軍足利義教が殺されると政治的混乱の中「代初めの徳政」を求めて（天下一同の徳政令）京都近江坂本の馬借を中心に農民が蜂起、地侍が指導し、数万人の一揆にふくれあがった。
• In the political turmoil after the assassination of Shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA in the Kakitsu War, the farming population lead by bashaku (shipping agents who used horses) in Omi Sakamoto in Kyoto rose up in rebellion to demand 'daihajime-no-tokusei (acts of virtuous government requested at shogun replacement)' (Tenkaichido no Tokuseirei (a debt cancellation order for all throughout the country)), which was directed by jizamurai (local samurai) and lead to an uprising by tens of thousands of people.

• この他に、明治8年（1875年）4月には西郷と大山県令との交渉で確保した荒蕪地に、桐野利秋が指導し、永山休二・平野正介らが監督する吉野開墾社（旧陸軍教導団生徒を収容）もつくられた。
• And the other is the Yoshino-Kaikonsha school (Kyu-Rikugun Kyododan Seito (students of former Imperial Army's school)), which Toshiaki KIRINO lead and Kyuji NAGAYAMA and Shosuke HIRANO supervised, and it was established in the wasteland that was secured by negotiation between Saigo and Kenrei OYAMA on April 1875.

• 前各号の規定により組合がその株式、持分、新株予約権、新株予約権付社債等、金銭債権、工業所有権、著作権又は信託の受益権を保有している特定中小企業等に対して経営又は技術の指導を行う事業
• Provision of management-related advice or technical guidance to a Specified SME, Etc. in which the Partnership owns shares, equity interest, share options, Bond with Share Options, Etc., monetary claims, industrial property, copyrights or trust beneficial rights pursuant to any of the preceding clauses;

• 事実禅鳳以後、室町後期から江戸初期にかけての能伝書は即物的・実用的な教科書・技術指導書としての色彩が強く、「能とは何か」を問う世阿弥などの芸術論的著作とはかけ離れたものとなっていく。
• In fact, after Zenpo, Nodensho books (secret treatises for Noh theater) written between the late Muromachi period and the early Edo period had the clear features of a textbook or technical guidance book of fleeting and practical nature and were very different from Zeami's and other people's theories of art seeking 'What Noh is.'

• 法務大臣が指定する施設、保護観察対象者を監護すべき者の居宅その他の改善更生のために適当と認められる特定の場所であって、宿泊の用に供されるものに一定の期間宿泊して指導監督を受けること。
• Staying in facilities designated by the Minister of Justice, the residences of persons who are to care for the probationers and parolees or other specific places that are considered suitable for improvement and rehabilitation and are offered as a place to stay for a prescribed period, and undergoing the instruction and supervision;

• この7代如心斎らが行った組織改革は後世に千家流茶道を伝える基盤整備である一方で、単なる指導方法の変更のみならず、小規模空間で小人数をもてなすわび茶の世界を大きく変えていくことになる。
• The organizational reform carried out by the key Senke persons including Joshinsai (the 7th) developed the foundation to hand down the Senke school of tea ceremony to future generations and, on the other hand, it not only changed the method of teaching but also the world of wabicha (tea ceremony of austere refinement), which was designed to entertain a small group of people in a minuscule space.

• 彼女は和歌六人党（藤原範永・平棟仲・藤原経衡・源頼実・源頼家（歌人）・源兼長）の歌道の指導的立場にあったばかりでなく、能因法師・和泉式部・源経信などとの交流もそれぞれの家集から伺える。
• She was a kind of leader of waka poetry in the group of six waka poets (FUJIWARA no Norinaga, TAIRA no Munenaka, FUJIWARA no Tsunehira, MINAMOTO no Yorizane, MINAMOTO no Yoriie (poet), and MINAMOTO no Kanenaga), and her personal collection of poetry shows her friendships with the Noin priest Izumi Shikibu, as well as MINAMOTO no Tsunenobu.

• 法令、法令に基づく行政官庁の処分若しくは定款その他の規則を遵守させるための指導に関する業務を統括する使用人又は当該使用人の権限を代行し得る地位にある使用人があるときは、これらの者の氏名
• the name of an employee who supervises the business with regard to guidance of the observance of the laws and regulations, dispositions issued by administrative agencies under the laws and regulations or the rules such as articles of incorporation, if any, or the name of an employee who is in a position whereby he/she may exercise his/her authority on behalf of the first-mentioned employee, if any;

• 平成元年（1989年）、高等学校学習指導要領改訂にともない、「格技」は「武道」に改められ、これまで「格技」ではなく「個人種目」に含まれていた弓道は、「武道」の領域に含まれる事になった。
• In 1989, with the revision of the government course guidelines for high school, 'combative sports' was changed to 'martial arts,' and Kyudo, which was placed under 'individual events' instead of 'combative sports,' was included in the 'martial arts' domain.

• 日本側の全権・小村寿太郎はロシアとの交渉決裂を恐れて8月29日、樺太の南半分の割譲と日本の大韓帝国に対する指導権の優位などを認めることで講和条約であるポーツマス条約に調印したのであった。
• Being afraid of the breakdown of the negotiations, Jutaro KOMURA, a plenary power of the Japanese side, signed, on August 29, the Treaty of Portsmouth, a peace treaty, by accepting several conditions including the cession of the southern half of Sakhalin and the Japan's priority for taking a leadership toward Korean Empire.

• 後醍醐天皇の側近として無礼講（破仏講）に参加する（『太平記』）など、早くから倒幕運動で指導的役割を務め、元弘の乱でも同じく倒幕を指揮したため六波羅探題に捕われ、まもなく官職を剥奪された。
• From early on, he took a leadership role in the movement to overthrow the Shogunate, including his participation in the unrestricted binge as a close aide of Emperor Godaigo ('Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace)) and also led the overthrow of the Shogunate in the Genko War, and, thus, shortly after being captured by the Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) he was deprived of his government posts.

• 前各号の規定により組合がその株式、持分、新株予約権、新株予約権付社債等、指定有価証券、金銭債権、工業所有権、著作権又は信託の受益権を保有している事業者に対して経営又は技術の指導を行う事業
• Provision of management-related advice or technical guidance to an Enterprise of which the Partnership owns shares, equity interest, Share Options, Bond with Share Options, Etc., Designated Securities, monetary claims, industrial property, copyrights or trust beneficial rights pursuant to any of the preceding items;

• 国及び地方公共団体は、家畜の所有者又はその組織する団体が行なう家畜の伝染性疾病の予防のための自主的措置を助長するため、これらの者に対し、必要な助言及び指導を行なうように努めるものとする。
• The national government and local governments shall make efforts to provide necessary advice and guidance to owners of domestic animals, or groups whereby they are organized, to encourage their voluntary measures aimed at preventing domestic animal infectious diseases.

• 古代史の資料「六国史」の記述や百済系瓦の出土例などから、鞠智城は百済亡命貴族の指導で築城されたと考えられており、遺跡からは百済貴族が持ち込んだと推定される青銅製の菩薩立像も出土している。
• From the description in the 'Rikkokushi' (the Six National Histories), the materials of the ancient history, and from the unearthed Paekche-type roof tiles and so on, Kikuchi-jo Castle is thought to have been constructed under the guidance of noblemen exiled from Paekche, therefore a bronze standing statue of Bosatsu (Bodhisattva) which is presumed to have been carried in by Paekche noblemen was excavated from the ruins.

• 特に日本画に関心が深く、学習院初等科を卒業した時の作文には正倉院、唐招提寺、京都御所において美術を鑑賞し、奈良鳥類研究所において鳥を描く際の心得についての指導を受けた出来事が記されている。
• She is especially interested in Japanese style painting and on the occasion of her graduation from Gakushuin Primary School she wrote an essay to the effect that she had enjoyed looking at art work in the Shosoin Treasure Repository, Toshodai-ji Temple, and the Kyoto Imperial Palace, and in the essay she also wrote about her experience of being instructed on hints about drawing birds at the Nara Institute for Ornithology.

• 認定個人情報保護団体は、前項の規定により個人情報保護指針を公表したときは、対象事業者に対し、当該個人情報保護指針を遵守させるため必要な指導、勧告その他の措置をとるよう努めなければならない。
• When an authorized personal information protection organization has publicly announced its personal information protection guidelines pursuant to the provision of the preceding paragraph, the organization shall endeavor to provide guidance, give recommendations, and take other measures necessary in order to have its target entities observe the personal information protection guidelines.

• 協会は、公認会計士の品位を保持し、第二条第一項の業務の改善進歩を図るため、会員の指導、連絡及び監督に関する事務を行い、並びに公認会計士及び特定社員の登録に関する事務を行うことを目的とする。
• The purpose of the Institute shall be to maintain the professional attitude of certified public accountants, to process affairs concerning the guidance of, liaison with, and supervision of its members in order to achieve the improvement and progress of the services set forth in Article 2(1), and to process affairs concerning the registration of certified public accountants and specified partners.

• 日興は7ヵ年留まると石川氏の招きにより大石寺を退出、晩年は重須談所（現在の日蓮宗北山本門寺根源・重須本門寺）に移住し、日目に血脈を譲ったのち、晩年は師弟の教育・指導にあたり、ここで没した。
• Nikko only stayed there for seven years and left the temple after an invitation from the Ishikawa clan when he moved to Omosu-dansho (a Buddhist seminary built in the Omosu Honmon-ji Temple) (current Kitayama Honmon-ji Temple Kongen, also known as Omosu Honmon-ji Temple of Nichiren Sect) in his later years, then he passed the kechimyaku (heritage of the Law) to Nichimoku, taught his disciples up and passed away in this place.

• このような改革には積極的に西洋文明の先進制度が取り入れられ、その過程で、「お雇い外国人」と呼ばれる外国人が、技術指導、教育分野、官制・軍制整備など様々な分野で雇用され、近代国家建設を助けた。
• The developed systems of western civilization were positively adopted in this reform, and in this process foreigners called 'Employed Foreigner' were hired in various areas including technical assistance, education, consolidation of the organization of the central government, and military systems, to help Japan build a modern state.

• 生活指導プログラムとして、月3回三のつく日の暮六つ時から五つ時まで石門心学（神道・仏教・儒教を混ぜて仁義忠孝や因果応報などの教訓や逸話をわかりやすく説く）の大家・中沢道二の講義も実施された。
• As part of the lifestyle guidance progrram, on three days a month, namely 3, 13, and 23, from 5 to 8 pm, a lecture was given by Doni NAKAZAWA, an expert on Sekimon Shingaku (giving clear teachings and episodes of humanity, loyalty, and justice by mixing Shintoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism).

• 岩手大学、新潟大学、筑波大学、東京学芸大学、静岡大学、福岡教育大学などの国公立大学では、書道に関する学科・専攻・学群・コース・領域が置かれ、大学院も併設し、有為な指導者の育成を目指している。
• National and public universities such as Iwate University, Niigata University, Tsukuba University, Tokyo Gakugei University, Shizuoka University, and Fukuoka University of Education have Shodo related department, major, faculty, course, field, and also a graduate school to educate capable instructors.

• 最大の戦いは胆沢とその周辺の蝦夷との戦いで、780年に多賀城を一時陥落させた宝亀の乱の伊治呰麻呂、789年に巣伏の戦いで遠征軍を壊滅させた阿弖流為（アテルイ）らの名がその指導者として伝わる。
• The biggest battle took place in Isawa, between Japan and the Emishi who lived nearby; some of the names of leaders of the battle include KOREHARI no Azamaro, who is known from Hoki no Ran, in which he once took control of Taga-jo Castle in 780, and Aterui, who wiped out the expeditionary force in the Battle of Subushi in 789.

• 一方でGHQは、指導命令・新聞発行停止命令などを使い「一億総懺悔論」の伸張を抑え、日本の戦争犯罪を当時の政府・軍のトップに負わせることを明確にすべく極東国際軍事裁判の準備にとりかかっている。
• On the other hand, GHQ tried to curb the spread of 'a national confession of Japanese war guilt' using guidance orders such as the order for prohibition of newspaper publication and so on, then started to prepare for the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in an attempt to make it clear that government and military leaders must take the responsibility for the Japanese war crimes.

• 田沼意次時代の天明の大飢饉を乗り越え、低下した幕府の指導力を取り戻すために、儒学のうち農業と上下の秩序を重視した朱子学を正学とし、当時流行していた古文辞学や古学を「風俗を乱すもの」として禁じた。
• In order to regain leadership after going through the Tenmei Famine in times of Okitsugu TANUMA, the shogunate chose Neo-Confucianism out of Confucianism for the official learning, which put importance on the hierarchic order and agriculture; on the other hand, they banned Kobunjigaku, (study of ancient rhetoric) and the Kogaku (learning about ancient teachings), which were popular learning at that time for corrupting public morals.

• そして慶応元年（1865年）、佐賀藩が長崎の五島町にあった諌早藩士山本家屋敷を改造した佐賀藩校英学塾「致遠館」（校長：宣教師グイド・フルベッキ）にて、副島種臣と共に教頭格となって指導に当たった。
• He moved to 'Chienkan school' (the principal was a missionary named Guido Herman Fridolin VERBEEK), which was a Saga Domain school to learn Western studies in English, remodelled the residence of the feudal retainer of the Isahaya clan Yamamoto family in Goto Town, Nagasaki, and served along with Taneomi SOEJIMA with the same rank of vice-principal.

• 学校、講習所、訓練所又は研修所において、教育、講習、訓練又は研修の目的を達成するために、学生、生徒、児童若しくは幼児若しくはこれらの保護者、講習生、訓練生又は研修生に対してされる処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions and Administrative Guidance rendered, towards the achievement of educational or training-oriented goals, to students, pupils, elementary school children or pre-school children or to their guardians, or to trainees in schools, short-course training schools, training schools and professional training institutes;

• これは、カリスマ的指導者である西郷に対抗して権威のある貴種を旗印として用いるためと、どちらか一方を総司令官にせずに、同じ中将の2人を副官に据えることで、陸軍と海軍の勢力争いを回避するためであった。
• This is because the government needed a person of noble birth with authority as their symbol to oppose the charismatic leader SAIGO and also had to avoid causing a power struggle between the Army and the Navy by appointing Lieutenant General and Vice Admiral to the seconds-in-command instead of appointing one of them to the supreme commander.

• 例として、1761年に上田藩（現長野県上田市）浦野組（現長野県青木村上田市別所、塩田など）の農民約一万人が上田城へ押し掛けた上田騒動では、清水半平、中沢浅之丞などが一揆を指導し、死罪に処せられた。
• For example, during the Ueda riot in 1761 in which about ten thousand peasants belonged to Urano-gumi unit (present-day Aoki mura, Bessho of Ueda City, Shioda and others in Nagano Prefecture) of Ueda domain (present-day Ueda City, Nagano Prefecture) pushed into the Ueda-jo Castle, Hanbei SHIMIZU and Asanojo NAKAZAWA led the uprising and were executed.

• 若年で即位して以来、大政奉還、王政復古と戊辰戦争、明治維新、日清戦争、日露戦争など、激動の幕末から明治時代を経験し、明治新政府、近代国家日本の指導者、象徴として、絶対君主として国民から畏敬された。
• He succeeded to the throne when he was young, then he experienced Taiseihokan (the return of political power to the Emperor by the Tokugawa Shogunate), Oseifukko (the restoration of Imperial rule), the Boshin War, the Meiji Restoration, the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, difficult times from the last days of the bakufu era through to the Meiji period, and he was respected by the nation as the leader of the modern Japanese nation and a symbol, as a sovereign.

• 主務大臣は、特定事業者に対し、第十一条から第十三条までに規定する再商品化義務量の再商品化の実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、当該再商品化の実施に関し必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary to ensure implementation of recycling of the obligatory recycling amount prescribed in Articles 11 to 13 inclusive, provide a Designated Manufacture/User with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the implementation of the recycling.

• 明治初期に多くの柔術師範が藩指南役等の立場を失ったため、柔術は指導されなくなったように言われているが、実際には全国的に地方の村落などで逆に柔術が流行し、娯楽の一種のように受け入れられ大変広まった。
• After many jujutsu teachers lost their positions of an instructor at a clan in the early Meiji period, jujutsu is said to have got rare to be taught, but in fact, jujutsu became popular in local villages and other places nationwide, and it was loved like a kind of entertainment.

• 倫理監督官は、その属する行政機関等の職員に対しその職務に係る倫理の保持に関し必要な指導及び助言を行うとともに、審査会の指示に従い、当該行政機関等の職員の職務に係る倫理の保持のための体制の整備を行う。
• The ethics supervisory officer shall provide necessary guidance and advice to officials who belong to the administrative organs, etc. to maintain ethics pertaining to their duties, and shall arrange a system for the maintenance of ethics pertaining to the duties of officials of the administrative organs, etc. in accordance with the instructions of the Board.

• 法務大臣は、被保護者に対する処遇の適正な実施を確保し、又は認可事業者の健全な育成発達を図るため必要があると認めるときは、認可事業者に対し、その事業に関し、必要な助言、指導又は勧告をすることができる。
• When the Minister of Justice finds it necessary in order to ensure the adequate treatment of the aided person or to realize the sound promotion and development of the approved services operator, he/she may offer necessary advice, guidance or recommendation concerning the services.

• 弁理士会は、弁理士の使命及び職責にかんがみ、弁理士の品位を保持し、弁理士の業務の改善進歩を図るため、会員の指導、連絡及び監督に関する事務を行い、並びに弁理士の登録に関する事務を行うことを目的とする。
• The purpose of the Patent Attorneys Association shall be to engage in affairs of guiding, communicating with, and supervising its members in order to maintain the dignity of patent attorneys, advance and improve the business of patent attorneys in consideration of the missions and duties of patent attorneys, as well as affairs relating to the registration of patent attorneys.

• そこで、これを指導し、統御しなければ、壮年・若者の方向を誤るとの考えから、有志者が西郷にはかり、県令2日本の県令大山綱良の協力を得て、明治7年6月頃に旧厩跡に私学校がつくられた（『大山県令と私学校』。
• And because the young men and other men who were in their prime might go astray, Saigo was asked to volunteer to lead them, then got help from Tsunayoshi OYAMA with Kenrei in Japan, Kenrei 2, and the private school was established at the former remains of a stable around in June 1784 ('Oyama, Kenrei (government general) and Shigakko').

• 金融商品取引業を行うに当たり、この法律その他法令の規定を遵守させるための会員及び金融商品仲介業者（会員を所属金融商品取引業者等とするものに限る。以下この節において同じ。）に対する指導、勧告その他の業務
• to provide its members and Financial Instruments Intermediary Service Providers (limited to those whose Entrusting Financial Instruments Business Operators, etc. include its members; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Section) with guidance and recommendation and to conduct other activities, for the purpose of having them observe the provisions of this Act and other laws and regulations in the course of conducting Financial Instruments Business:

• 真宗学者の信楽峻麿によれば、これは親鸞の教えを継承した、彼より後の指導者達、とりわけ蓮如の、自身なんら信じていない政治的かつ欺瞞に満ちた教説によって、真宗の信心のあり方が大きく歪められた結果であった。
• According to Takamaro SHIGARAKI, a scholar of Shinshu sect, this resulted from great distortion in the style of faith of Shinshu sect by the succeeding leaders of Shinran's teachings, especially Rennyo, whose teachings were political and full of deceptions and in which Rennyo himself did not believe.

• 弁護士会は、弁護士及び弁護士法人の使命及び職務にかんがみ、その品位を保持し、弁護士及び弁護士法人の事務の改善進歩を図るため、弁護士及び弁護士法人の指導、連絡及び監督に関する事務を行うことを目的とする。
• The purpose of a bar association, in view of the mission and duties of attorneys and Legal Professional Corporations, is to manage matters relating to the guidance, liaison, and supervision of its members in order to maintain their integrity and improve and advance their work.

• 大勢の門人の指導にあたりながら、文政12年（1829年）に『眼科錦囊（がんか きんのう）』を、天保8年（1837年）には『続眼科錦囊』を刊行した（この本のシリーズは19世紀の眼科医のバイブルとなった）。
• While he was teaching of many disciples, he published 'Ganka Kinno' in 1829 and 'Zoku Ganka Kinno' in 1837 (These series of books became the bible of ophthalmology in 19th century).

• 多くの助監督が後輩を指導する際、脚本を勉強することを第一とするのが通常であったのに対し、その他に中平は編集の技術も身に付けることを強く主張するなど、助監督時代から既に後の映画テクニックへの執着を見せる。
• While many assistant directors emphasized studying scenario when they taught juniors, Nakahira strongly insisted on learning editing techniques at the same time, which showed his obsession with film techniques since he was an assistant director.

• さらに、文久2年（1862年）に西郷隆盛も同じ島に流されて和泊町の牢に入れられたときに、川口は罪人ではないけれども、わざわざ沖ノ永良部へ往って西郷の書や詩作の指導をしたとする説もある（重野安繹による）。
• There is also another story which says that in 1862 when Takamori SAIGO was exiled to Okinoerabu-jima Island and was locked in jail of Wadomari-cho, Kawaguchi went to the island to teach calligraphy and poetry to Saigo, although he was not a criminal (according to Yasutsugu SHIGENO's idea).

• ところが、戦国時代_(日本)に入ると、堅田門徒の指導的地位を得ていた本福寺は大津の門徒を率いていた本願寺10世証如の後見人蓮淳（蓮如の6男で証如の外祖父でもある）の讒言によって、3度にわたる破門を受けた。
• However, in the Sengoku period (period of warring states), Honpuku-ji Temple, which was in a commanding position in Katata-shu, was excommunicated three times by a slander of Renjun (Rennyo's sixth son and Shonyo's maternal grandfather), the guardian of Shonyo, 10th chief priest, who led believers in Otsu.

• 村田はカットごとに演出を細分化する、いわゆる映画的技法を最初に確立した監督の一人と言われているが、容赦なく自分の型に俳優をはめ込もうとして演技指導は苛烈を極め、岡田をはじめ当時の大女優とトラブルが多かった。
• Murata is thought to be a director who first established the so-called film technique in which a play was broken up by cutting, and since he tried to mold actors and actresses into his style, his acting instruction was so harsh that there was a lot of trouble with leading actresses of that time including Okada.

• 前三項の規定は、高等学校（中等教育学校の後期課程を含む。）の通信教育用学習図書及び第一項の教科用図書に係る教師用指導書（当該教科用図書を発行する者の発行に係るものに限る。）への著作物の掲載について準用する。
• The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis with respect to the reproduction of works in textbooks intended for correspondence courses of senior high schools (including the senior grade course at schools for secondary education) and in teachers' manuals for school textbooks set forth in paragraph (1) (such teachers' manuals shall be limited to those published by the same publisher of the related school textbooks).

• 十代の少年が入校する陸軍幼年学校（13歳）や海軍兵学校 （17歳）でさえ、入校したら、「娑婆っ気」を排斥する目的で、下着を含めて一切の私物は自宅に送り返すように指導し、入校者に下着として白い越中褌を支給した。
• Even in the case of the Army Cadet School or the Naval Academy which teenage boys entered (the former at thirteen years old, and the latter at seventeen years old), once a boy entered them, the staff directed him to send back all his personal belongings including undergarments to his home in order to exclude 'yearning for the outside world', and provided the new student with white Ecchu fundoshi as undergarments.

• 義教の時代には正長の土一揆や後南朝勢力の反乱など、室町幕府を巡る政治・社会情勢が不穏であり、強力な指導力を持つ将軍の存在が望まれていた武家社会や民衆の要請に沿う形で、義教は幕府権力の強化に一定の成果をあげた。
• Both the political and social conditions associated with the Muromachi shogunate government during Yoshinori's time were unsettled, as seen in events such as the Shocho peasant uprising and the rebellion by forces of the Latter Southern Court, and by reinforcing the shogunate's authority, Yoshinori was meeting the needs of the warrior class and the general public for the presence of a shogun with strong leadership.

• 戦前までは徴兵検査を受けることで「成人男子に達した証」と社会的に認知されるようになっており、徴兵検査（陸軍身体検査規則）で褌の着用を指導していたことも、疑似「褌祝」として成人男子に越中褌が普及した背景があった。
• Until the end of the war, taking an examination to be drafted was regarded as a proof of becoming an adult man in the society, and people were encouraged to wear fundoshi at the examination (the regulations for physical examination of the army); and thus this helped Ecchu fundoshi to spread across the country, reminding people a 'fundoshi iwai', a rite to wear fundoshi as an adult man.

• 七日未満の旅行、離職、身分関係の異動その他の指導監督を行うため事前に把握しておくことが特に重要と認められる生活上又は身分上の特定の事項について、緊急の場合を除き、あらかじめ、保護観察官又は保護司に申告すること。
• Notifying probation officers or volunteer probation officers in advance, except in cases of emergency, of specific matters relating to the lifestyle or status that are considered specially important to be understood by them in advance in order to conduct the instruction and supervision, such as travel for less than seven days, quitting a job, changes in status or others;

• この頃から子規は約3年間ほぼ寝たきりで、寝返りも打てないほどの苦痛を麻痺剤で和らげながら、俳句・短歌・随筆を書き続け（一部は口述）、また病床を訪れた高浜虚子、河東碧梧桐、伊藤左千夫、長塚節ら後進の指導をし続けた。
• For the next three years from this time, Shiki continued to compose haiku, tanka and essays from his sickbed, overcoming severe pain with the use of anesthetics that made him unable to turn from his side, and he also continued to advise his followers Kyoshi TAKAHAMA, Hekigodo KAWAHIGASHI, Sachio ITO, Takashi NAGATSUKA and others.

• こうした重税化の動きに対し酒蔵側は、明治14年（1881年）に高知県の酒造業者が、同県出身の自由民権運動の指導者植木枝盛の助力を得て、酒造税引き下げの嘆願書を政府に提出したのを皮切りに、各地で抵抗に立ち上がった。
• Against this tendency for heavier taxes, the sake breweries protested in various places, triggered by the submission of petitions for a reduction of liquor tax by a sake brewery in the Kochi Prefecture in 1881 supported by Emori UEKI, a leader of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement from Kochi Prefecture.

• ただし、全日本弓道連盟の「統一見解による射法」は非常に曖昧なもので、指導者によって技術論に差異が認められるなど全日本剣道連盟による「剣道」（「大日本帝国剣道形」の名称変更）の様ないわゆる「統一射法」は存在しない。
• However, the 'shooting form based on a unified view' of the All Nippon Kyudo Federation is vague, with differences in regard to technical theory being apparent among instructors, and consequently there is no so-called 'united shooting form' such as the 'Kendo form of Japan' (the name of which was changed from 'the Kendo form of the Empire of Japan') by the All Japan Kendo Federation (AJKF).

• 『切支丹お蝶』は、山上紀夫監督をはじめとして、東邦映画製作所の解散によって流れてきた撮影技師高城泰策らスタッフ、女優五月信子、男優高橋義信らキャストと、ハロルド・スミス、アル・ボックマンの指導による撮影が行われた。
• Involved in the production of 'Kirishitan Ocho' was director Norio YAMAGAMI, filming engineer Yasusaku TAKAJO and other staff from Toho Eiga Seisakusho, the actress Nobuko SATSUKI and actor YOSHINOBU TAKAHASHI, and its filming was done under the guidance of Harold Smith and Al Bockman.

• 農林水産大臣は、都道府県知事に対し、第四条第四項、前項又は第十三条第四項の規定による報告により得られた監視伝染病の発生の状況等についての情報を提供するとともに、監視伝染病の発生の予防のために必要な指導を行うものとする。
• The Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries shall provide prefectural governors with information on the status of outbreaks, etc., of monitored infectious diseases obtained from reports under the provisions of Article 4 paragraph 4, the preceding paragraph or Article 13 paragraph 4, and shall give necessary guidance on preventing the outbreak of monitored infectious diseases.

• 日本弁護士連合会は、弁護士及び弁護士法人の使命及び職務にかんがみ、その品位を保持し、弁護士及び弁護士法人の事務の改善進歩を図るため、弁護士、弁護士法人及び弁護士会の指導、連絡及び監督に関する事務を行うことを目的とする。
• The purpose of the Japan Federation of Bar Associations shall be, in view of the mission and duties of attorneys and Legal Professional Corporations, to manage matters relating to the guidance, liaison, and supervision of attorneys, Legal Professional Corporations, and bar associations, in order to maintain the dignity and improve and advance the work of attorneys and Legal Professional Corporations.

• また、斯波家長は奥州総大将として南朝方の北畠顕家らと対抗し、自身は若くして戦死するも、その子孫は室町将軍家と同族という貴種性により奥羽一帯で指導的役割を果たすこととなった（奥羽における斯波氏については奥州斯波氏を参照）。
• Furthermore, Ienaga SHIBA, as a supreme commander of Oshu, confronted Akiie KITABATAKE and others of the Southern Court and he himself died young in battle; however, his descendants, who were of noble birth and in the same family as the Muromachi shogunate family, ended up playing a leadership role in all over the Ou (Mutsu Province and Dewa Province) region (for the Shiba clan in Ou region, refer to the Oshu Shiba clan).

• 当時、高松藩主松平頼胤の異母兄にあたり、久遠派の熱心な支持者で在家の指導者として中心的な存在だった松平頼該(1809年-1868年)は、宗門の無気力を嘆き、高松八品講を組織し、岡山、徳島、淡路島などで勢力を伸ばしていた。
• At that time, Yorikane MATSUDAIRA (1809 - 1868), who was the elder half brother of the lord of the Takamatsu clan Yoritane MATSUDAIRA, an earnest supporter of Kuon school and a central figure as a leader of lay believers, felt the indolence of the sect to be deplorable and organized Takamatsu Happon association by himself and extended its influence over Okayama, Tokushima, and Awaji-shima Island.

• その四十八願の第18番目の願いに、「私を信じて、私の作った仏国土（極楽浄土）に生まれたいと思って、私の名前を呼んだものは、すべての人を私の国土に生まれさせて、私の指導によって、ゆるぎない幸せな『仏陀』にさせよう」とある。
• In the eighteenth vow of the forty-eight vows, the following is written: 'I will let those be born in Buddha-Land and become happy 'Buddha' under my guidance if they believe me and chant my name, wishing to be born in Buddha-Land (gokuraku jodo: the Pure Land).'

• 1871年8月29日（7月14日 (旧暦)）に、薩摩・長州藩出身の指導者により廃藩置県が実施され、都道府県制度が設置され（当初は3府302県、直後に整理され3府72県）、中央政府から都道府県知事を派遣する制度が実施された。
• Therefore, on August 29, 1871, the leaders from Satsuma domain and Choshu domain abolished feudal domains and established prefectures instead (Haihan-chiken), and the modern prefecture system of Japan was established (at first, there were 3-fu and 302-ken, and soon after the system was organized to 3-fu and 72-ken), and then the system of dispatching the prefectural governors from central government was implemented.

• 誓詞の内容は多くの流派で共通しており、免許を得るまで親兄弟と言えども流儀の内容を教えない、許可を得ずに指導しない、他流批判をおこなわない、天下の御政道を守る等であり、最後に以上の誓いを破った者には神罰が下ると書かれていた。
• The contents of the oath were common to most schools: for example, not to tell the contents of the style to even one's parents or brothers and sisters till they are given a license, not to instruct others without permission, not to criticize the other schools, to observe the laws and politics of the government, and the like: and the end of the document stated that the one who violated the before-mentioned vows would surely receive divine punishment.

• 譜代家臣団の大量離反や、朝倉当主の急激な指導力・求心力低下、朝倉景鏡と義景の軋轢などが「朝倉氏の血脈である一門（筆頭・朝倉景鏡）、家来衆」と「六角氏からの養子である本家当主」という構図が解りやすく研究解明が待たれる説である。
• Studying and understanding the situation between 'Asakura blood relations of the family (Kageakira ASAKURA as the head) and retainers' and 'the head of a head family who has been adopted out from the Rokkaku clan' has been expected based on stories such as the massive estrangement of Fudai kashin dan (a group of hereditary vassals), sudden decrease of leading ability/centripetal force of the Asakura family head, and conflicts between Kageakira and Yoshikage ASAKURA.

• 国及び都道府県は、承認企業立地事業者又は承認事業高度化事業者に対し、承認企業立地計画に係る企業立地のための措置又は承認事業高度化計画に係る事業高度化のための措置を適確に行うことができるよう必要な指導及び助言を行うものとする。
• The State and a local public entity shall provide the necessary guidance and advice for an approved business operator establishing new business facilities or making a business innovation so that he/she can take the appropriate measures for establishing new business facilities or making a business innovation related to the approved plan for establishing new business facilities or making a business innovation.

• 当時鎌倉にいた日蓮は立正安国論撰述の前年『守護国家論』を撰述したのに続いて、宗教家としての憂慮から政治・宗教のあるべき姿を当時鎌倉幕府の事実上の最高指導者である北条時頼に提示するために駿河国実相寺 (富士市)に籠って執筆した。
• Out of his concern as a religious leader, Nichiren, who lived in Kamakura at the time, wrote the treatise at Jisso-ji Temple (in present-day Fuji City) in Suruga Province, following his 'Shugo Kokka-ron' (Treatise on the Protection of the Nation) published the previous year, to present his arguments on political and religious ideals to Tokiyori HOJO, who was the actual leader of the Kamakura Shogunate government at the time.

• 特に単独の代表者は置かれず、「特務委員」後に「常務委員」と呼ばれる複数の議員による合議制（1916年の研究会規則では9名の常務委員を設置）であったが、次第に山縣有朋の側近である清浦奎吾が同会の指導者として浮上してくる事になる。
• The faction had no specific single representative but adopted council system (nine standing committees were to be appointed according to Kenkyukai regulations in 1916) organized with multiple members called 'Tokumuin' (special committees) or later called 'Jomuin' (standing committees), but later, Keigo KIYOURA, a aide to Aritomo YAMAGATA, gradually became influential as a leader of Kenkyukai.

• なお、一部のジェンダーフリー論者からは、鯉のぼりが封建的な家制度の象徴だとして批判されるケースもあり、男女共同参画社会づくりの一環として鯉のぼりを家庭内の身分を想起させないよう縦ではなく横につるすように指導した自治体もあった。
• Also, there has been a case in which certain gender-free debaters criticized koi-nobori as a symbol of the feudalistic family system, so some autonomous bodies have instructed that koi-nobori should be hung up horizontally instead of vertically so as not to recall rank within the family, thus encouraging a society of gender equality.

• 一方、研究会側も1919年に伯爵議員が多い甲寅倶楽部を合併して伯爵議員のほとんどを押さえ、続いて1922年には将来の貴族院指導者と目されていた近衛文麿公爵（後の内閣総理大臣）の入会させて筆頭常務委員につけるなど勢力拡大を続けた。
• Kenkyukai, on the other hand, merged Koin Club, to which many count members belonged, to control most count members in 1919, and in 1922, received count Fumimaro KONOE, who was regarded as a future leader in the House of Peers (and became a prime minister later), as a member and appointed as the leader of the standing committee, and kept expanding powers.

• 1996年の文化財保護法改正により、従来の文化財指定制度を補完するものとして、近代の文化財等を保護するため、届出制と指導・助言・勧告を基本とする緩やかな保護措置を講じて、所有者の自主的な保護に期待する文化財登録制度が創設された。
• Based on the revision of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 1996, the cultural property registration system was established to complement the previous system; in order to protect a modern cultural property etc., a property owner's autonomous protection is expected through the liberal protection measures based on reporting, instruction, suggestion and recommendation.

• 実験、実習及び実技については、三十時間から四十五時間までの範囲で大学が定める時間の授業をもつて一単位とする。ただし、芸術等の分野における個人指導による実技の授業については、大学が定める時間の授業をもつて一単位とすることができる。
• regarding experiments, practical training, and skills practice, one credit shall consist of classes conducted for a number of hours determined by a university between 30 hours and 45 hours; provided, however, that regarding skills practice classes tutoring in the artistic fields, one credit shall consist of classes conducted for a number of hours determined by a university; and

• 主務大臣は、指定副産物に係る再生資源の利用を促進するため必要があると認めるときは、指定副産物事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、再生資源の利用の促進について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary in order to promote the utilization of Recyclable Resources pertaining to Specified By-products, provide Specified By-product Business Operators with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the promotion of utilization of Recyclable Resources, by taking into consideration the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph 1 of the preceding Article.

• この条約において、日本は、満州南部の鉄道及び領地の租借権、大韓帝国に対する排他的指導権などを獲得したものの、戦争中に軍事費として投じてきた国家予算の約4倍にあたる20億円を埋め合わせるはずの戦争賠償金は取得することができなかった。
• Although it acquired the railway and lease for the territory in South Manchuria and exclusive authority over the Korean Empire, Japan failed to obtain the war reparation it had counted on to cover its war-time military expenditures of 2 billion yen, equivalent of four times its national budget.

• またこの籠城組の全体的な指導者はイギリス公使クロード・マクドナルドであったが、籠城戦に当たって実質総指揮を担ったのは柴五郎であり（各国中で最先任の士官だったから）、解放後日本人からだけでなく欧米人からも多くの賛辞が寄せられている。
• The general leader of this besieged group was the British envoy Claude MacDonald but the actual leader during the siege was Goro SHIBA (since he was the most senior military officer), and he received much praise from not only Japanese but also European and US parties after the release.

• 吉良上野介在邸確実の日を探る必要もあったため、しばしば吉良邸に招かれて、『源氏物語』や『伊勢物語』を進講したり、歌の指導をしていた国学者荷田春満が、大石の友人であったので春満を通じて吉良邸茶会が12月14日にあるという情報を入手。
• When they were trying to figure out the date when Kira Kozuke no Suke would be home, Oishi received information through his friend KADA no Azumaro, who was a scholar of Japanese classical literature, that the tea ceremony would be held on January 30 at Kira's residence since Azumaro was often invited to Kira's place to teach how to compose poetry and give lectures on 'Genji Monogatari' (The Tale of Genji) as well as 'Ise Monogatari' (The Tales of Ise).

• 地方公共団体は、動物の健康及び安全を保持するとともに、動物が人に迷惑を及ぼすことのないようにするため、条例で定めるところにより、動物の飼養及び保管について、動物の所有者又は占有者に対する指導その他の必要な措置を講ずることができる。
• A local government may, pursuant to the provisions of an ordinance, provide guidance to owners and possessors of animals and take any other necessary measures concerning the care and keeping of animals, so as to maintain the health and safety of animals and to ensure that animals do not cause trouble to humans.

• これによって、これまで、宗祖親鸞聖人以来の本願寺の法統を伝承する師主（指導者）という位置付けであった「法主」を廃し、権限を有しない宗派統合の象徴という位置付けの「門首」を新たに設け、光暢をスライド就任させた（光暢本人は就任を拒否）。
• Following the new constitution, the reformist group abolished the position of 'Hossu,' effectively the Shishu (leader) who had passed down the tradition of Buddhism particular to Hongan-ji Temple since its establishment by the founder of the sect, Shinran Shonin, and instead established a new position of 'Monshu' (chief priest), which was regarded as a symbol of integration between sects and which lacked authority, and attempted to install Kocho OTANI in the position, however Kocho rejected the promotion.

• 明治7年（1874年）、辞職軍人有志の発議で鹿児島の青少年の教養のために私学校がつくられたとき、篠原国幹が銃隊学校、村田新八が砲隊学校・賞典学校（幼年学校）を監督し、桐野は翌年つくられた吉野開墾社を指導して、率先して開墾事業に励んだ。
• In 1874, when Shigakko (literally, private school) was established for the education of youths in Kagoshima on the initiative of interested retired soldiers, Kunimoto SHINOHARA supervised a school for the shooting squad, Shinpachi MURATA, a school for battery and a school for little boys, and Kirino, the Yoshino reclaimation company, which was established the next year, and he took the initiative of reclaimation activity.

• 公衆衛生、環境保全、防疫、保安その他の公益にかかわる事象が発生し又は発生する可能性のある現場において警察官若しくは海上保安官又はこれらの公益を確保するために行使すべき権限を法律上直接に与えられたその他の職員によってされる処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions and Administrative Guidance rendered on the scene by police officials, coast guard officers, or other personnel invested expressly by Acts with the authority to safeguard the public interest, where situations implicating a risk to public health, environmental protection, the prevention of epidemics, public safety, and other public interests arise or are likely to arise;

• 「射法八節」の中で流派技術であったり、日本弓術の伝統的技術体系である歩射・騎射・堂射の技術が入り乱れるなど、射手や指導者によって技術の取捨選択が成され、現在では多くの射手はそれぞれの技術が入り交じった「射法」を行っているのが現状である。
• The techniques of the schools and techniques from traditional technical systems in Japanese Kyudo, such as Busha, Kisha and Dosha, became intermixed in the 'Shaho hassetsu,' and techniques were sorted out by archers and instructors, so that today many archers follow the 'shooting form' that is a mixture of those techniques.

• またその前に大阪貯蓄銀行副頭取、明治25年に衆議院議員、明治31年、浪速銀行頭取、大阪舎密工業社長、明治32年に阪神電気鉄道社長に就任したのをはじめ数多くの関西の会社設立に尽力し、大阪銀行集会所委員長として関西財界の指導者として活躍した。
• He was dedicated to establishing many companies in Kansai region by assuming the vice-president of Osaka Chochiku Bank before that, the member of House of Representatives in 1892, the president of Naniwa Bank and the president of Osaka Seimikogyo in 1898, the president of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. in 1899 and more, and was active in leading the financial world in Kansai region as the chairman of the committee of Osaka Bank.

• 国及び地方公共団体は、配偶者からの暴力の防止及び被害者の保護に資するため、加害者の更生のための指導の方法、被害者の心身の健康を回復させるための方法等に関する調査研究の推進並びに被害者の保護に係る人材の養成及び資質の向上に努めるものとする。
• In order to contribute to the prevention of spousal violence and the protection of victims, the national government and local public entities shall endeavor to promote research and study concerning methods, etc. for guidance for the rehabilitation of perpetrators and the restoration of the physical and psychological health of victims, as well as to foster personnel pertaining to the protection of victims and enhance their qualifications.

• 家庭裁判所は、必要があると認めるときは、保護者に対し、少年の監護に関する責任を自覚させ、その非行を防止するため、調査又は審判において、自ら訓戒、指導その他の適当な措置をとり、又は家庭裁判所調査官に命じてこれらの措置をとらせることができる。
• The family court may take appropriate measures against the Custodian, if it is found necessary, including delivering an admonition, giving guidance etc., or order a family court probation officer to take these measures in the course of investigation or hearing, in order to raise awareness of responsibility of the Custodian for custody of the Juvenile and to prevent the Juvenile from committing delinquency.

• 明六雑誌は当今の有名の諸学士論著する所にして、議事の確、行文の実なる、其警醒〔けいせい、警告・注意喚起〕の益、提撕〔ていせい、後進を励まし指導すること〕の功に於て他書の比す可きに非れば、在官伏野を問はず必らず一部を挟んで之を読まざるを得ず。
• Meiroku Zasshi is a bulletin in which today's famous scholars discuss and write articles and it is very unique in the points of authenticity of topics, accurate texts, interests that notices bring and merits to encourage and teach juniors, so that people in both public sector and private sector have to read with holding it on the forearm.'

• 気象庁長官は、第六条第一項若しくは第二項の規定により技術上の基準に従つてしなければならない気象の観測を行う者又は第七条第一項の船舶若しくは第八条第一項の航空機において気象の観測に従事する者に対し、観測の実施方法について指導をすることができる。
• The Director-General of the Japan Meteorological Agency may provide guidance concerning the methods of performing observations for a person in performing meteorological observations that must be made in compliance with the technical standards pursuant to the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or for a person engaged in meteorological observations on any of the vessels set forth in Article 7, paragraph (1) or aircraft in Article 8, paragraph (1).

• 和議終了後も蓮淳は証如の求めに応じて石山本願寺に留って成人した証如の補佐役として従来の立場を事実上回復し、天文19年（1550年）に同寺で没するまで蓮淳は証如の名において本願寺の事実上の最高指導者としての地位を保持し続けることになったのである。
• After the reconciliation, Renjun continued to stay in Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple at Shonyo's request and practically recovered the position as he used to be in, as the assistant of Shonyo, who came of age, and until he died at this temple in 1550 Renjun kept the position as the virtual supreme leader of Hongan-ji Temple under the name of Shonyo.

• 実際、1349年（正平4年/貞和5年）秋には、伊賀国に入って現地の南朝方勢力を指導し（『阿蘇家文書』）、また1351年（正平6年/観応2年）頃にも九州への下向を命じられる（『阿蘇家文書』）など、縦横に活動している（ただし下向は結局中止となる）。
• He actually took such an active part as, in fall of 1349, he entered Iga Province where he trained the local Southern Court forces ('Documents of the Aso family') and around 1351, he was ordered to go down to Kyushu ('Documents of the Aso family') (but, eventually his going down to Kyushu was cancelled).

• 主務大臣は、特定省資源事業者の副産物の発生抑制等の適確な実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、特定省資源事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、副産物の発生抑制等について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary in order to ensure the proper implementation of Reduction of Generation of By-Products, etc. by Designated Resources-Saving Business Operators, provide Designated Resources-Saving Business Operators with necessary guidance and advice with regard to Reduction of Generation of By-Products, etc., by taking into consideration the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph 1 of the preceding Article.

• 国は、熟練ものづくり労働者（熟練ものづくり労働者であった者を含む。以下この条において同じ。）の有する技能及び知識の有効な活用並びにものづくり基盤技術の継承を図るため、熟練ものづくり労働者に対する技術指導業務の委嘱等必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
• In order to ensure the effective use of the skills and knowledge of skilled manufacturing workers (including those who have been skilled manufacturing workers in the past; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) and to have core manufacturing technology succeeded, the State shall take the necessary measures such as commissioning skilled manufacturing workers to provide technical guidance services.

• 保護観察所の長は、保護観察対象者について、保護観察における指導監督を適切に行うため必要があると認めるときは、法務省令で定めるところにより、当該保護観察対象者の改善更生に資する生活又は行動の指針（以下「生活行動指針」という。）を定めることができる。
• The director of the probation office may, if deemed necessary in conducting the instruction and supervision of the probation suitably for the probationers and parolees, establish guidelines for life and conduct that contributes to the improvement and rehabilitation of such probationers and parolees (hereinafter referred to as 'life and conduct guidelines'), as provided for by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice.

• 主務大臣は、指定省資源化製品に係る使用済物品等の発生の抑制を促進するため必要があると認めるときは、指定省資源化事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、使用済物品等の発生の抑制について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary in order to promote the reduction of generation of Used Products, etc. pertaining to Specified Resources-Saved Products, provide Specified Resources-Saving Business Operators with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the reduction of generation of Used Products, etc., by taking into consideration the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph 1 of the preceding Article.

• しかし、当時既に開設されていた電信によりいち早く彼らの蜂起とその規模を知った政府は、一部汽車をも利用して警察隊・憲兵 (日本軍)等を送り込むが苦戦し、最終的には東京鎮台の鎮台兵を送り郡境を抑えたため、11月4日に秩父困民党指導部は事実上崩壊、鎮圧された。
• However, the government, getting information on their uprising and its scale instantaneously by telegram that had already been in use at that time, sent a troop of police and military police (Japanese Army) partially by train only to face uphill fights, but finally soldiers in Tokyo Chindai Army (garrison in Meiji period) brought the county boundary under their control, leading the leaders of the Konmin Party to the collapse and subjugation on November 4.

• 形態はある人が毎月定家に和歌の添削を請い、それに対し定家が和歌の作法について10種類の有り様（有心体、幽玄な様、事の然るべき様、麗しい様、長高な様、見様、面白い様、一節ある様、濃い様、鬼拉体）を説きながら指導したもので、特に有心体を重要視したものである。
• It is a style in which someone asks Teika to correct a waka, and Teika teaches him while preaching 10 types of waka rules of behavior (the ushin (sentiment with artistic sensibility) style, the Yugen (the subtle and profound) style, style with concrete meaning, balanced and harmonious style, elegant style with sense of tension and neatness, style with distinct visual depictions, intellectually artful style, style with uncommon idea, complicated and skilled style, and strong and sharp style), among which Teika especially placed importance on the ushin style.

• 保護観察官又は保護司から、労働又は通学の状況、収入又は支出の状況、家庭環境、交友関係その他の生活の実態を示す事実であって指導監督を行うため把握すべきものを明らかにするよう求められたときは、これに応じ、その事実を申告し、又はこれに関する資料を提示すること。
• If he/she is requested by probation officers or volunteer probation officers to clarify facts that show the actual conditions of life such as the state of work or attendance at school, the state of income or expenditure, the family environment, associates and other factors which need to be understood by the officers in order to conduct the instruction and supervision, he/she shall respond to such request, shall declare such facts or present materials relating to those facts.

• 特に急進派の団体では若年会員に「強引な折伏で脅迫、放火、逮捕監禁等の罪に実際に問われても、未成年で1回目なら不起訴（ここでは罪を認めた上での『起訴猶予処分』も含む）で済む」とベテラン会員からの指導がなされることも時としてあると各所から情報が発信されている。
• Especially, there is information that some experienced members in radical associations advise young members that 'even if your aggressive Shakubuku is in fact accused of the crimes such as threatening, arson, abduction and confinement for the first time, you will be exempted from prosecution as long as you are underage (this includes 'suspension of prosecution' as a result of admitting crimes).

• 公務員（国家公務員法（昭和二十二年法律第百二十号）第二条第一項に規定する国家公務員及び地方公務員法（昭和二十五年法律第二百六十一号）第三条第一項に規定する地方公務員をいう。以下同じ。）又は公務員であった者に対してその職務又は身分に関してされる処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions or Administrative Guidance concerning the duties or status rendered to public officials (here meaning, the national public officers described in Article 2, paragraph 1 of the National Public Officer Act (Act No. 120 of 1947) and the local public officers described in Article 3, paragraph 1 of the Local Public Officer Act (Act No. 261 of 1950). The same shall apply hereinafter) or rendered to former public officials;

• 国土交通大臣は、貨物の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化の適確な実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、貨物輸送事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、同項各号に掲げる事項の実施について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism may, when he/she finds it necessary in order to ensure the proper implementation of the rational use of energy in freight transportation, provide freight carriers with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the implementation of the matters listed in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, by considering the standards of judgment prescribed in the same paragraph.

• 国土交通大臣は、旅客の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化の適確な実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、旅客輸送事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、同項各号に掲げる事項の実施について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism may, when he/she finds it necessary in order to ensure the proper implementation of the rational use of energy in passenger transportation, provide passenger carriers with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the implementation of the matters listed in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, by considering the standards of judgment prescribed in the same paragraph.

• 主務大臣は、特定再利用事業者の再生資源又は再生部品の利用の適確な実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、特定再利用事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、再生資源又は再生部品の利用について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary in order to ensure the proper implementation of the utilization of Recyclable Resources or Reusable Parts by Designated Resources-Reutilizing Business Operators, provide Designated Resources-Utilizing Business Operators with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the utilization of Recyclable Resources or Reusable Parts, by taking into consideration the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph 1 of the preceding Article.

• 主務大臣は、この法律の規定による権限を適切に行使するほか、この法律の規定による原子力事業者の原子力災害予防対策、緊急事態応急対策及び原子力災害事後対策の実施が円滑に行われるように、当該原子力事業者に対し、指導し、助言し、その他適切な措置をとらなければならない。
• In addition to exercising his/her authority under the provisions of this Act appropriately, the competent minister shall, for the purpose of ensuring the smooth implementation of measures to prevent nuclear emergency, emergency response measures and measures for restoration from nuclear emergency by a nuclear operator under the provisions of this Act, give guidance and advice to said nuclear operator and take other appropriate measures.

• 主務大臣は、指定再利用促進製品に係る再生資源又は再生部品の利用を促進するため必要があると認めるときは、指定再利用促進事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、再生資源又は再生部品の利用の促進について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary in order to promote the utilization of Recyclable Resources or Reusable Parts pertaining to Specified Reuse-Promoted Products, provide Specified Reuse-Promotion Business Operators with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the promotion of utilization of Recyclable Resources or Reusable Parts, by taking into consideration the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph 1 of the preceding Article.

• 悟りは固定した状態ではなく、悟りの行は、自利と利他の両面を願って行動し続けることであり、自らの悟りに安住することなく、悟りを求める人々に実践を指導するために活動し続けた釈迦の姿が想定されており、活動していくことに悟りの意味を求めているのが、大乗仏教の菩薩の特徴である。
• Mahayana Sutra Bosatsu has the following characteristics: enlightenment is not a fixed state and enlightenment practice means the continuation of action, wishing both self-interest and altruism; Mahayana Sutra thinks of Shaka, who was not satisfied with staying in his enlightenment but continued to lead practices for those who sought enlightenment; Mahayana Sutra is the meaning of enlightenment in action.

• まず、広範囲の蝦夷をまとめて、自分たちの要求を朝廷側に文書にして提出するなど、反乱を指導した人物がいるはずであるが、この人物が朝廷側の多数の犠牲者(焼山での戦いだけで500人以上が死亡あるいは捕虜になったという)にもかかわらず彼らの名前が明確に記録されていないなかった。
• First, although there must have been rebellion ringleaders who had united the widely dispersed Emishi and presented a written petition to the Imperial Court, their names weren't clearly recorded on the long list of casualties (more than 500 people were killed or captured in the battle of Mt. Yake-yama alone).

• 主務大臣は、容器包装廃棄物の排出の抑制を促進するため必要があると認めるときは、指定容器包装利用事業者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、容器包装の使用の合理化による容器包装廃棄物の排出の抑制の促進について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary in order to promote reduction of waste containers and packaging discharged, provide the Designated Container/Packaging Users with necessary guidance and advice with regard to promotion of reduction of waste containers and packaging discharged through rationalization of use of containers and packaging, by taking into consideration the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph 1 of the preceding article.

• 主務大臣は、使用済指定再資源化製品の自主回収及び再資源化を促進するため必要があると認めるときは、指定再資源化事業者に対し、第二十六条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、使用済指定再資源化製品の自主回収及び再資源化について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds this necessary in order to promote Voluntary Collection and Recycling of Used Specified Resources-Recycled Products, provide Specified Resources-Recycling Business Operators with necessary guidance and advice with regard to Voluntary Collection and Recycling of Used Specified Resources-Recycled Products, by taking into consideration the standards of judgment prescribed in Article 26, paragraph 1.

• 地方公共団体は、第三条第三項において第二章から前章までの規定を適用しないこととされた処分、行政指導及び届出並びに命令等を定める行為に関する手続について、この法律の規定の趣旨にのっとり、行政運営における公正の確保と透明性の向上を図るため必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
• Local public entities shall, with regard to procedures for Dispositions, Administrative Guidance and Notifications, and the procedure for establishing Administrative Orders, etc. to which the provisions of Chapters II to VI inclusive are made inapplicable by Article 3, paragraph 3, endeavor to take necessary measures in order to advance the guarantee of fairness and progress towards transparency in administrative operations, consistent with the purpose of the provisions of this Act.

• 主務大臣は、荷主が貨物輸送事業者に行わせる貨物の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化の適確な実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、荷主に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、第五十八条各号に掲げる措置の実施について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds it necessary in order to ensure the proper implementation of the rational use of energy in freight transportation consigned by consigners to freight carriers, provide consigners with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the implementation of the measures listed in the items of Article 58, by considering the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.

• 1143年の覚鑁入寂後、同派僧侶の頼瑜を中心とした覚鑁派は再び大伝法院を高野山に戻したが確執は収拾せず、145年後の1288年、同派の実質的指導者であった頼瑜は門弟を連れて根来山に戻ると共に覚鑁の教義を発展させ、それまでの教義と一線を画した「新義」を打ち立て新義真言宗が確立する。
• After the nirvana of Kakuban in 1143, Kakuban school led by one of their priests, Raiyu, re-transferred Daidenpo-in to Mt. Koya, but the argument was not settled and 145 years later in 1288, the acting leader of the Kakuban school, Raiyu, took his followers and returned to Mt. Negoro to further develop Kakuban's teaching and established the Shingi Shingon sect that taught 'Shingi' different to that of conventional teachings.

• 伊治呰麻呂（これはりのきみあざまろ、これはるのきみあざまろ）は、陸奥国府に仕える俘囚の指導者で、上治郡（此治郡の誤記として「これはりぐん」、「これはるぐん」とする見解が有力）大領となり、蝦夷征討の功により宝亀9年6月25日 (旧暦)（778年7月24日）には外従五位下に叙されていた。
• KOREHARI no Azamaro (also known as KOREHARI no Kimi Azamaro or KOREHARU no Kimi Azamaro), the leader of the barbarians who served the provincial office of Mutsu Province, became Tairyo (the director of the County) of Kamihari County (from the major view, it was a writing error of 'Korehari County' or 'Koreharu County') and conferred Gejugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade, given to persons outside Kyoto) in July 28, 778 for the success of the subjection of the Emishi.

• 1981年6月、彰如を支持する者も少なくなかったが、内局との紛争に敗れ、「真宗大谷派宗憲（宗派の憲法にあたる法規）」が改正され、自身の地位が、宗祖親鸞以来の法統を継承する教団の指導者という絶対的「法主」から、教団全ての僧侶・門徒の代表という実権を持たない象徴的「門首」へと移行された。
• In June of 1981, even though there were more than a few supporters of Shonyo, he lost the dispute to the Naikyoku, and the 'Shuken (constitution) of Shin Sect Otani School (religious laws which are equivalent to constitutions in the School)' was revised, and his position shifted from 'Hoshu', which is the absolute leader of the religious order who succeeds to the traditions originating from Shinran, the founder, to 'Monshu,' who is a symbolic representative of monks and followers of the entire order but does not hold any authority.

• 主務大臣は、工場等におけるエネルギーの使用の合理化の適確な実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、工場等においてエネルギーを使用して事業を行う者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、同項各号に掲げる事項の実施について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may, when he/she finds it necessary in order to ensure the proper implementation of the rational use of energy in factories, provide business operators using energy in factories, etc. with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the implementation of the matters listed in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, by considering the standards of judgment prescribed in the same paragraph.

• だが、行基の指導による墾田開発や社会事業の進展や地方豪族や民衆らを中心とした教団の拡大を抑えきれなかったこと、行基の活動が政府が恐れていた「反政府」的な意図を有したものではないことから、731年（天平3年）禁圧を緩め、翌年河内の狭山下池の築造に行基の技術力や農民動員の力量を利用した。
• However, the government could not stop Gyoki leading the development of new rice field and other social activities, or the religious community mainly consisted of local clans and ordinary people; the goverment also recognized that Gyoki's activities did not have any 'anti-government' intentions, which the goverment feard; so, the government weakened the suppression in 731, and made full use of Gyoki's powers in technology and gathering peasants for the construction of Sayamashimo-ike Pond in Kawachi in 732.

• しかし、山上憶良の「貧窮問答歌」などにも見られるように、親が子を思い、そのために何かをしてやりたいという気持ちは時代が違っていても変わることはなかったようで、資料の残っている以前から、親や大人たちが子どもや若者が1人前になっていく上で、何かの手助けや指導をしていたことは想像に難くない。
• However, as seen in 'Hinkyu mondo ka (Dialogue on poverty)', made by YAMANOUE no Okura, it seems that at any period the parents cherished their children and wanted to do something for them; it is easy to imagine that even long ago, before any document was made, parents or grown-ups have given help or guidance when their children or younger people were growing up.

• その名称中に日本技術士会という文字を使用する一般社団法人は、技術士を社員とする旨の定款の定めがあり、かつ、全国の技術士の品位の保持、資質の向上及び業務の進歩改善に資するため、技術士の研修並びに社員の指導及び連絡に関する事務を全国的に行うことを目的とするものに限り、設立することができる。
• The general incorporated association which uses such words as 'Institution of Professional Engineers, Japan' in its name may be established, limited to the case that association is prescribed by articles of incorporation that stipulates its member shall be professional engineers, and the purpose of the association is to nationally-administrate matters relating to train professional engineers, give guidance and liaise with members, in order to contribute to maintain dignity, improvement of qualification and quality and upgrading business activities for nationwide professional engineers.

• 律令制確立後に大学寮の下に音博士が位置づけられたが、本科（後の明経道）の学生が儒教の教育を受けるために行う最初の課程であった経典の音読を指導するのが役割であった事から、算道・書道_(大学寮)のような独自の学生を保持することは学令などにも記載されていないなど、最初から補助的地位に止められていた。
• After the Ritsuryo Legal Codes were established, the Professors of Ondo were positioned within the Daigaku-ryo system, but because their role was to teach the reading aloud of the scriptures during the first course of Confucianism to the students of the main course (later known as Myogyodo, the Confucian department of Daigaku-ryo), their position was only deemed to be supplementary and it was not mentioned within the regulations that they may have their own students like Sando (Mathematics) and Shodo (Calligraphy) Departments.

• 市町村は、遊休土地転換利用促進地区に関する都市計画の目的を達成するため必要があると認めるときは、当該遊休土地転換利用促進地区内の土地について所有権又は地上権その他の使用若しくは収益を目的とする権利を有する者に対し、当該土地の有効かつ適切な利用の促進に関する事項について指導及び助言を行うものとする。
• When municipalities judge necessary from the viewpoint of attaining the objectives of city plans relating to unused land use promotion areas, municipalities shall offer guidance and advice to persons who hold ownership rights, surface rights and other rights aimed at securing the use or appropriation of land within the relevant unused land use promotion areas concerning matters linked to promoting the effective and appropriate use of the relevant land.

• 伊藤がプロシア式の憲法導入の決意を固めたのは、現地で指導を受けたロレンツ・フォン・シュタインの助言（シュタイン自身はドイツの立憲体制を批判してドイツを追われた学者であったが、日本の国情を研究した上でむしろ日本の方がドイツ本国以上にプロシア式の条件に符合していると説いた）によるものであるとされている。
• Ito decided on introduction of Prussia style constitution because of advice by Lorenz von Stein, who lectured Ito in Germany (Stein was opposed to the constitutional government system in Germany and was exiled from Germany, but after he studied about Japan, he realized that the Prussia style constitutional government system would be more appropriate for Japan than for Germany).

• 国は、我が国が世界の漁業生産及び水産物の消費において重要な地位を占めていることにかんがみ、排他的経済水域等以外の水域における水産資源の適切な保存及び管理が図られるよう、水産資源の持続的な利用に関する国際機関その他の国際的な枠組みへの協力、我が国の漁業の指導及び監督その他必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
• The State shall, in view of Japan's important status in the global fishery production and consumption of marine products, take measures such as cooperation with international organizations relevant to the sustainable utilization of fishery resources and other international framework, guidance and supervision of Japan's fishery and others necessary for appropriate conservation and management of fishery resources in the waters other than Exclusive Economic Zone, etc.

• 国の機関又は地方公共団体若しくはその機関に対する処分（これらの機関又は団体がその固有の資格において当該処分の名あて人となるものに限る。）及び行政指導並びにこれらの機関又は団体がする届出（これらの機関又は団体がその固有の資格においてすべきこととされているものに限る。）については、この法律の規定は、適用しない。
• The provisions of this Act shall not apply to Dispositions (limited to where the organs and entities referenced infra. that are made the subject parties of the applicable Dispositions are made so with regard to their distinct status as governmental entities) and Administrative Guidance rendered to state organs or to local public entities or its organs, nor shall they apply to Notifications made by the said organs or entities (limited to where the obligation to make the Notification of the involved organs and entities arises with regard to their distinct status as governmental entities).

• 主務大臣は、自動車製造業者等に対し、第二十一条の規定による特定再資源化等物品の引取り又は第二十五条若しくは第二十六条第一項の規定による特定再資源化等物品の再資源化等に必要な行為の実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、当該引取り又は再資源化等に必要な行為の実施に関し必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The competent minister may provide guidance and advice to the Vehicle Manufacturers, etc. relating to the collection or the implementation of activities required for Recycling, etc. when he/she has found it necessary in order to secure collection of Parts Specified for Recycling, etc. pursuant to the provisions of Article 21 or to secure implementation of activities required for Recycling, etc. of the Parts Specified for Recycling, etc. pursuant to the provisions of Article 25, or Article 26, Paragraph 1.

• この法律において「継続保護事業」とは、次に掲げる者であって現に更生のための保護を必要としているものを更生保護施設に収容して、その者に対し、宿泊所を供与し、教養、訓練、医療又は就職を助け、職業を補導し、社会生活に適応させるために必要な生活指導を行い、環境の改善又は調整を図る等その更生に必要な保護を行う事業をいう。
• The term 'residential aid services' as used in this Act means the services rendered to persons who fall under any one of the following items and who are in actual need of aid for rehabilitation by placing them in offenders rehabilitation facilities and offering accommodation and aid necessary for their rehabilitation such as help to obtain cultural education, training, medical care and employment, giving them vocational guidance, teaching them the life skills necessary to adapt themselves to social life, helping them improve their environment and assisting them in adjusting to their environment.

• この法律は、国家公務員たる職員について適用すべき各般の根本基準（職員の福祉及び利益を保護するための適切な措置を含む。）を確立し、職員がその職務の遂行に当り、最大の能率を発揮し得るように、民主的な方法で、選択され、且つ、指導さるべきことを定め、以て国民に対し、公務の民主的且つ能率的な運営を保障することを目的とする。
• The purpose of this Act is to establish basic standards (including adequate measures to protect the welfare and interest of officials) which shall be applicable to all officials who are national public servants and by providing that officials shall be so selected and guided through democratic means as to achieve maximum efficiency in the performance of public duties, guarantee citizens democratic and efficient performance of those duties.

• この法律は、処分、行政指導及び届出に関する手続並びに命令等を定める手続に関し、共通する事項を定めることによって、行政運営における公正の確保と透明性（行政上の意思決定について、その内容及び過程が国民にとって明らかであることをいう。第四十六条において同じ。）の向上を図り、もって国民の権利利益の保護に資することを目的とする。
• The purpose of this Act is, by providing for common rules concerning procedures for dispositions, administrative guidance and notifications, and procedure for establishing 'Administrative Orders, etc', to seek to advance a guarantee of fairness and progress towards transparency (here meaning, that there be clarity in the public understanding of the contents and processes of administrative determinations; the same shall apply in Article 46.) in administrative operations, and thereby to promote the protection of the rights and interests of citizens.

• 国及び地方公共団体は、犯罪被害者等が更なる犯罪等により被害を受けることを防止し、その安全を確保するため、一時保護、施設への入所による保護、防犯に係る指導、犯罪被害者等がその被害に係る刑事に関する手続に証人等として関与する場合における特別の措置、犯罪被害者等に係る個人情報の適切な取扱いの確保等必要な施策を講ずるものとする。
• The State and Local governments shall take such necessary measures as taking Crime Victims into protective custody temporarily, accommodating them in facilities for protection, giving them guidance on Crime prevention, providing them with special arrangements when they get involved in criminal procedures concerning the harm as a witness, and ensuring appropriate handling of their personal information, in order to prevent Crime Victims from receiving harm again from further Crimes and to secure their safety.

• 保護観察所の長は、必要があると認めるときは、保護観察に付されている少年（少年法第二条第一項に規定する少年であって、保護観察処分少年又は少年院仮退院者に限る。）の保護者（同条第二項に規定する保護者をいう。）に対し、その少年の監護に関する責任を自覚させ、その改善更生に資するため、指導、助言その他の適当な措置をとることができる。
• The director of the probation office may, if deemed necessary, give guidance or advice, or take other suitable measures for parents and guardians (who shall be the parents and guardians specified in paragraph (2) of Article 2 of the Juvenile Act) of juveniles under probation (who shall be limited to the juveniles specified in paragraph (1) of said Article, being the juvenile under probation or the parolee from the juvenile training school) for the purpose of having them realize their responsibility regarding the care of such juveniles and to contribute to the improvement and rehabilitation of the juveniles.

• 北京の火鍋料理に「羊肉（シュワンヤンロウ, ピンイン：shuàn yáng ròu）」という羊肉でしゃぶしゃぶする料理があり、鳥取市出身で民芸運動の指導者であった吉田璋也が、戦後 京都 十二段家で戦時中に軍医として赴任していた北京の料理を我が国に伝え、羊肉を牛肉に替え、柳宗悦や河井寛次郎等の助言を得て今日の形となったという。
• Beijing has a mutton hot pot dish known as 'shuan yang rou,' and this is said to have developed into modern shabu-shabu after being introduced to Japan following the World War II by Tottori City native Shoya YOSHIDA, leader of the mingei (folk art) movement, who was stationed in Beijing as an army medic during the war and introduced it at his Nijudanya restaurant in Kyoto, changing the main ingredient from mutton to beef, and receiving the input of individuals such as; Sosetsu YANAGI and Kanjiro KAWAI.

• この章並びに第六十六条 第一項及び第六十七条第一項において「統括者」とは、連鎖販売業に係る商品に自己の商標を付し、若しくは連鎖販売業に係る役務の提供について自己の商号そ の他特定の表示を使用させ、連鎖販売取引に関する約款を定め、又は連鎖販売業を行う者の経営に関し継続的に指導を行う等一連の連鎖販売業を実質的に統括す る者をいう。
• The term 'Supervisor' as used in this chapter and Articles 66 (1) and 67 (1) shall mean a person who practically supervises a series of Multilevel Marketing activities, such as attaching his/her own trademark to the Goods pertaining to Multilevel Marketing or having his/her own trade name or other specific indication used for offering the services pertaining to Multilevel Marketing, stipulating a covenant on Multilevel Marketing Transactions, or continuously providing guidance on operations of the persons engaged in Multilevel Marketing.

• 銀行代理業再委託者（銀行代理業を再委託する銀行代理業者をいう。以下同じ。）は、銀行代理業再受託者（銀行代理業再委託者の再委託を受けて銀行代理業を営む銀行代理業者をいう。以下同じ。）が営む銀行代理業に関し、内閣府令で定めるところにより、銀行代理業に係る業務の指導その他の健全かつ適切な運営を確保するための措置を講じなければならない。
• A Principal Bank Agent (meaning a Bank Agent who re-entrusts Bank Agency Services to another Bank Agent; the same shall apply hereinafter) shall, with regard to Bank Agency Services carried out by the Secondary Bank Agent (meaning a Bank Agent who carries out Bank Agency Services on re-entrustment from a Principal Bank Agent; the same shall apply hereinafter), give guidance on business operations pertaining to the Secondary Bank Agent's Bank Agency Services and take any other measures for ensuring sound and appropriate management thereof, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Ordinance.

• 前号に掲げる業務の実施に必要な場合において、地球温暖化（地球温暖化対策の推進に 関する法律（平成十年法律第百十七号）第二条第一項に規定する地球温暖化をいう。）の防止に寄与する事業を行う者に対して、非化石エネルギー、可燃性天然 ガス及び石炭に関する技術並びにエネルギー使用合理化のための技術並びに鉱工業の技術に関する指導を行うこと。
• Where it is necessary for performing the functions listed in the preceding item, providing guidance concerning technology for non-fossil energy, combustible natural gas, and coal; technology required for the rational use of energy; and mining and industrial technology to persons who conduct business activities that contribute to the prevention of global warming (meaning global warming as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures (Act No. 117 of 1998)); and

• 保護観察所の長は、刑事訴訟法第四百八十条又は第四百八十二条の規定により刑の執行を停止されている者について、検察官の請求があったときは、その者に対し、第五十七条第一項（第二号及び第三号を除く。）、第五十八条、第六十一条及び第六十二条の規定の例により、適当と認める指導監督、補導援護並びに応急の救護及びその援護の措置をとることができる。
• When the director of the probation office is required by the public prosecutor with respect to the person for whom execution of the sentence is stayed pursuant to the provisions of Article 480 or Article 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, he/she may provide the instruction and supervision, the guidance and assistance and urgent aid that he/she deems appropriate or may take measures to assist such person as governed by the provisions of paragraph (1) (excluding items (ii) and (iii)) of Article 57, Article 58, Article 61 and Article 62.

• 第十五条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第十六条に規定する指導及び助言、第十七条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第一項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、当該特定再利用業種に属する事業を所管する大臣
• With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 15, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the guidance and advice prescribed in Article 16, the recommendation prescribed in Article 17, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 17, paragraph 2, the order under Article 17, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 1: the ministers who have jurisdiction over businesses that fall within the respective Designated Resources-Reutilizing Industries.

• この法律において「技術士」とは、第三十二条第一項の登録を受け、技術士の名称を用いて、科学技術（人文科学のみに係るものを除く。以下同じ。）に関する高等の専門的応用能力を必要とする事項についての計画、研究、設計、分析、試験、評価又はこれらに関する指導の業務（他の法律においてその業務を行うことが制限されている業務を除く。）を行う者をいう。
• Professional engineer in this Act means a person who has obtained a registration under Article 32 (1) and conducts business (excluding business conduct which is restricted by any other Act) on matters of planning, research, design, analysis, testing, evaluation or guidance thereof, which require advanced and adaptive expertise in science and technology (excluding matters relating only to cultural science. this shall also apply hereinafter) using the name of professional engineer.

• 前号に掲げる者のほか、科学技術に関する専門的応用能力を必要とする事項についての計画、研究、設計、分析、試験、評価又はこれらに関する指導の業務を行う者の監督（文部科学省令で定める要件に該当する内容のものに限る。）の下に当該業務に従事した者で、その従事した期間が文部科学省令で定める期間を超えるもの（技術士補となる資格を有するものに限る。）
• In addition to those provided for in the preceding item, a person (limited to a person who has the qualification to become an associate professional engineer) who has engaged, for a period longer than that specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, in business on matters of planning, research, design, analysis, testing, evaluation, or guidance thereof, which requires advanced and adaptive expertise in science and technology, under supervision by a person (limited to a person who falls under requirement specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) who conducts the business stipulated herein.

• 銀行代理業再委 託者（銀行代理業を再委託する銀行代理業者をいう。以下同じ。）は、銀行代理業再受託者（銀行代理業再委託者の再委託を受けて銀行代理業を営む銀行代理業 者をいう。以下同じ。）が営む銀行代理業に関し、内閣府令で定めるところにより、銀行代理業に係る業務の指導その他の健全かつ適切な運営を確保するための 措置を講じなければならない。
• A Principal Bank Agent (meaning a Bank Agent who gives sub-entrustment of Bank Agency Service to another Bank Agent; the same shall apply hereinafter) shall, with regard to Bank Agency Services conducted by the Bank Sub-Agent (meaning a Bank Agent who conducts Bank Agency Service by receiving sub-entrustment of Bank Agency Service from another Bank Agent; the same shall apply hereinafter), give guidance on business operations pertaining to the Bank Sub-Agent's Bank Agency Services and take any other measures for ensuring sound and appropriate management thereof, pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance.

• 第一項各号及び前項各号に掲げるもののほか、地方公共団体の機関がする処分（その根拠となる規定が条例又は規則に置かれているものに限る。）及び行政指導、地方公共団体の機関に対する届出（前条第七号の通知の根拠となる規定が条例又は規則に置かれているものに限る。）並びに地方公共団体の機関が命令等を定める行為については、次章から第六章までの規定は、適用しない。
• In addition to what is listed in the items of paragraph 1 and the preceding paragraph, the provisions of Chapters II to VI inclusive shall not apply to Dispositions (limited to Dispositions made pursuant to underlying provisions contained in Prefectural/Municipal ordinances and rules of local public entities) and Administrative Guidance rendered by the organs of local public entities, Notifications (limited to where notice set forth in item 7 of the preceding Article is given pursuant to underlying provisions contained in Prefectural/Municipal ordinances and rules) to the organs of local public entities, and the acts of the organs of local public entities to establish Administrative Orders, etc.

• 刑務所、少年刑務所、拘置所、留置場（警視庁、道府県警察本部（方面本部を含む。）又は警察署に置かれる人を留置するための施設をいう。）、海上保安庁の留置場（管区海上保安本部、管区海上保安本部の事務所又は海上保安庁の船舶に置かれる人を留置するための施設をいう。）、少年院、少年鑑別所又は婦人補導院において、収容の目的を達成するためにされる処分及び行政指導
• Dispositions and Administrative Guidance rendered to effectuate accommodation in prisons, juvenile prisons, jail, lockup (here meaning, facilities for detention established by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Agency, prefectural police headquarters (including district headquarters) and police stations), detention rooms of Japan Coast Guard (here meaning, facilities for detention established at the Regional Coast Guard Headquarters, its other offices and organizations or on the vessels of Japan Coast Guard), juvenile training schools, juvenile classification homes, and women's guidance homes;

• 気象庁は、その業務の遂行に支障のない限り、一般の委託により、気象、地象、地動、地球磁気、地球電気及び水象並びにこれらに密接な関連のある事項についての特殊な観測、予報、情報の収集及び作成、調査並びに研究並びにこれらの指導を行い、気象測器並びに地動、地球磁気及び地球電気の観測に用いる器具、器械及び装置の設計、製作、検定、修理及び調整を行うことができる。
• The Japan Meteorological Agency may, to the extent that no performance of its services is interfered with, perform, at the request of public, specialized observations, forecasts, collection and preparation of information, investigations, and research concerning meteorological phenomena, terrestrial phenomena, tremors and ground deformations, terrestrial magnetism, terrestrial electricity, and hydrological phenomena, and matters closely relevant thereto, provide the guidance therefor, and carry out the designing, manufacturing, verification, repairing, and conditioning of meteorological instruments as well as apparatuses, implements, and devices used in observations of tremors and ground deformations, terrestrial magnetism, and terrestrial electricity.

• この浄土宗側の主張も全く根拠の無い事ではなく、浄土真宗を開いた親鸞が著した『高僧和讃』において「智慧光のちからより、本師源空（法然）あらはれて、浄土真宗ひらきつゝ、選択本願のべたまふ」と著し、親鸞が師である法然を真の浄土宗の指導者としてその教えを「浄土真宗」と評し、自らもその継承者として「真実之教浄土真宗」（『顕浄土真実教行証文類』）と述べている。
• The opinion of the Jodoshu sect was not groundless: Shinran, the founder of the Jodo Shinshu sect, wrote in his book 'Koso Wasan' that 'his master Honen appeared from the light of enlightenment and founded the Jodo Shinshu sect, and stated his vow,' describing his master Honen as a leader of the real '真' Jodo sect '浄土宗,' expressing the master's teachings as the Jodo Shinshu '浄土真宗' and himself as the successor to Honen, and called the teachings 'the real teachings of the Jodo Shinshu sect.'

• 第十条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第十一条に規定する指導及び助言、第十二条に規定する計画、第十三条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第一項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、当該特定省資源業種に属する事業を所管する大臣
• With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 10, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the guidance and advice prescribed in Article 11, the plan prescribed in Article 12, the recommendation prescribed in Article 13, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 13, paragraph 2, the order under Article 13, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 1: the ministers who have jurisdiction over businesses that fall within the respective Designated Resources-Saving Industries.

• だが、当時はまだこの状態を常に維持するための政治的組織や財政的・軍事的裏付けが不十分であり、平安時代中期には幼く短命な天皇が多く十分な指導力を発揮するための若さと健康を保持した上皇が絶えて久しかったために、父系によるこの仕組みは衰退し、代わりに母系にあたる天皇の外祖父の地位を占めた藤原北家が天皇の職務・権利を代理・代行する摂関政治が隆盛していくことになる。
• However, the political structure and financial/military support at that time were insufficient to maintain such a situation, and because many Emperors were young and short-lived in the middle of the Heian period, there was no Joko with the energy and health needed to exercise sufficient authority; consequently, this structure by which authority was exercised by the Emperor's father gradually declined and was eventually replaced by a system called Sekkan seiji (摂関政治), in which a member of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan exercised rights and performed duties in place of the Emperor, became widespread.

• 1339年（延元4年/暦応2年）に後醍醐天皇が死去すると親房が南朝の指導的人物となるが、親房が1354年（正平9年/文和3年）に死去すると南朝はまた衰微し、幕府内での抗争で失脚した細川清氏が楠木正儀らと南朝に帰順して一時は京都を占拠するものの1367年（正平22年/貞治6年）に敗れ、以降は大規模な南朝の攻勢もなくなり、足利義詮時代には大内弘世や山名時氏なども帰服する。
• When Emperor Godaigo passed away in 1339, Chikafusa became the de facto leader of the Southern Court, but when Chikafusa himself died in 1354, the Southern Court again fell into decline; having lost the internal power struggle within the Ashikaga shogunate, Kiyouji HOSOKAWA switched allegiance to Masanori KUSUNOKI and the Southern Court and together managed to briefly occupy Kyoto, but in 1367 they were defeated, and thereafter the Southern Court lost its large-scale military might, and even suffered the loss of Hiroyo OUCHI and Tokiuji YAMANA, who submitted to the shogunate during the rule of Shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA.

• 大日本帝国陸軍参謀であった石原莞爾は、「人類が心から現人神（あらひとがみ）の信仰に悟入したところに、王道文明は初めてその真価を発揮する。最終戦争即ち王道・覇道の決勝戦は結局、天皇を信仰するものと然らざるものの決勝戦であり、具体的には天皇が世界の天皇とならせられるか、西洋の大統領が世界の指導者となるかを決定するところの、人類歴史の中で空前絶後の大事件である。」と主張した。
• The general officer of the Imperial Japanese Army, Kanji ISHIWARA said 'Where all the human beings believe in the Arahitogami, the civilization of the rule of Right shows its real value for the first time. The last war, the final match between the rule of right and the rule of might is in fact a match between people who believe in the Emperor and people who don't. So the war is to decide if the Emperor becomes the Emperor of the world or the Western President becomes the leader of the world. This is the biggest event of all time in our history.'

• 関係行政機関は、児童買春の相手方となったこと、児童ポルノに描写されたこと等により心身に有害な影響を受けた児童に対し、相互に連携を図りつつ、その心身の状況、その置かれている環境等に応じ、当該児童がその受けた影響から身体的及び心理的に回復し、個人の尊厳を保って成長することができるよう、相談、指導、一時保護、施設への入所その他の必要な保護のための措置を適切に講ずるものとする。
• The administrative organs shall endeavor to cooperate with one another and take proper measures to provide sufficient protection, such as consultation, guidance, temporary guardianship and admission into an institution, with regard to a child who has suffered physical or mental damage as a result of having been a party to child prostitution or having been depicted in child pornography, taking into account his/her physical and mental condition and surroundings, in order to let the child recover physically and mentally from the damage he/she has suffered and to be able to develop in a way which maintains his/her own dignity.

• 第三十四条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第三十五条に規定する指導及び助言、第三十六条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第五項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、政令で定めるところにより、当該指定副産物に係る業種に属する事業を所管する大臣
• With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 34, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the guidance and advice under Article 35, the recommendation prescribed in Article 36, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 36, paragraph 2, the order under Article 36, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 5: the ministers who have jurisdiction, pursuant to the provision of Cabinet Order, over businesses that fall within industries pertaining to the respective Specified By-products.

• 貸金業者は、営業所又は事務所ごとに、内閣府令で定めるところにより、その貸金業の業務の規模等を考慮して内閣府令で定める数の貸金業務取扱主任者を置き、当該営業所又は事務所において貸金業の業務に従事する使用人その他の従業者に対する助言又は指導で、これらの者が貸金業に関する法令（条例を含む。第二十条の二において同じ。）の規定を遵守してその貸金業の業務を適正に実施するために必要なものを行わせなければならない。
• A Money Lender shall, as provided by a Cabinet Office Ordinance, assign the number of Chiefs of Money Lending Operations specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance, in consideration of the size and other matters of its money lending operations, and shall have them give the necessary advice or guidance to the Money Lender's employees and other workers who engage in money lending operations at the business office or other office so that these employees and workers carry out money lending operations properly in compliance with laws and regulations (including prefectural or municipal ordinances; the same shall apply in Article 20-2) concerning the Money Lending Business.

• ほとんどすべての機械工の技術において、各作業員が行う仕事の基盤となる科学は、きわめて重大であり、実際仕事を行うのに向いている作業員でも、工員またはその上に立つ人の援助と指導がなければ、この科学を完全に理解することはできない。なぜなら教育が足りないか、あるいは知力不足だからである。テイラーは以上のことを普遍的原理として主張しようと考えている。(この論文の後半でその事実を証明するような実例を挙げて説明するつもりである)
• The writer asserts as a general principle (and he proposes to give illustrations tending to prove the fact later in this paper) that in almost all of the mechanic arts the science which underlies each act of each workman is so great and amounts to so much that the workman who is best suited to actually doing the work is incapable of fully understanding this science, without the guidance and help of those who are working with him or over him, either through lack of education or through insufficient mental capacity.

• 農林水産大臣は、前条第一項の規定による公表をした後において、大臣管理 量の対象となる採捕の数量が当該大臣管理量を超えないようにするため必要があると認めるとき、又は大臣管理努力量の対象となる漁獲努力量が当該大臣管理努 力量を超えないようにするため必要があると認めるときは、当該大臣管理量又は大臣管理努力量に係る採捕を行う者に対し、当該大臣管理量又は大臣管理努力量 に係る採捕に関し、必要な助言、指導又は勧告をすることができる。
• If the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries finds it necessary so as not to allow the amount of gathering or catching subject to quantity control by the Minister to exceed the quantity control set by the Minister, or so as not to allow the fishing effort subject to fishing effort control by the Minister to exceed the fishing effort control set by the Minister after publication pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, he/she may give the necessary advice, guidance, or recommendations to the persons carrying out the gathering or catching related to said quantity control by the Minister or fishing effort control by the Minister, on their gathering or catching that is related to said quantity control by the Minister or fishing effort control by the Minister.

• なお、統帥権独立の考えが生まれた源流としては、当時の指導者が、政治家が統帥権をも握ることにより幕府政治が再興される可能性をおそれたこと、それといささか矛盾するが、元勲・藩閥が政治・軍事両面を掌握していたことから、後世に統帥権独立をめぐって起きたような問題が顕在化しなかったこと、南北朝時代 (日本)に楠木正成が軍事に無知な公家によって作戦を退けられて湊川で戦死し、南朝 (日本)の衰退につながった逸話が広く知られていたことなどがあげられる。
• The idea of the independence of the supreme command came originally from the facts that the leaders at that time were afraid of the revival of the government by the shogunate if statesmen acquired the supreme command, despite the contradiction to that, as the statesmen who contributed in Meiji Restoration and domain cliques had control over the both politics and military, the problems that occurred later due to the independence of the supreme command did not come to the surface, the anecdote of Masashige KUSUNOKI who died at Minatogawa River because his strategy of the war was denied by the ignorant court nobles in the Northern and Southern Court Period (Japan), and it led to the decline of the Southern Court (Japan).

• 経済産業大臣は、第七十三条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項又は第七十四条第二項に規定する指針に適合する建築物が建築されることを確保するため特に必要があると認めるときは、建築物の外壁、窓等を通しての熱の損失の防止の用に供される建築材料を製造し、加工し、又は輸入する事業を行う者に対し、当該判断の基準となるべき事項又は当該指針を勘案して、当該建築材行の断熱性に係る品質の向上及び当該品質の表示に関し必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry may, when he/she finds it particularly necessary in order to ensure the construction of buildings that conform to the standards of judgment prescribed in Article 73, paragraph (1) or the guidelines prescribed in Article 74, paragraph (2), provide business operators engaged in manufacturing, processing or importing building materials used for the prevention of heat loss through exterior walls, windows, etc. of buildings, with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the improvement of the thermal insulation property of building materials and indication of said property, by considering said standards of judgment and said guidelines.

• 第七条の四第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第七条の五に規定する指導及び助言、第七条の六の規定による報告の受理、第七条の七第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表並びに同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十九条の規定による報告の徴収及び第四十条の規定による立入検査（第四章の規定を施行するために行うものに限る。）に関する事項　当該指定容器包装利用事業者が容器包装を用いて行う事業を所管する大臣
• Matters related to formulation of the standards of judgment pursuant to the provision of Article 7-4, paragraph 1, revision of the standards prescribed in paragraph 2 of the same article, guidance and advice prescribed in Article 7-5, acceptance of report pursuant to the provision of Article 7-6, recommendation prescribed in Article 7-7, paragraph 1, publication pursuant to the provision of paragraph 2 of the same article and order pursuant to paragraph 3 of the same article, and collection of report pursuant to the provision of Article 39 and on-site inspection pursuant to the provision of Article 40:　Minister who has jurisdiction over business conducted by the Designated Container/Packaging User by using containers and packaging

• 都道府県の知事は、前条第二項 の規定による公表をした後において、知事管理量の対象となる採捕の数量が当該知事管理量を超えないようにするため必要があると認めるとき、又は知事管理努 力量の対象となる漁獲努力量若しくは都道府県漁獲努力量が当該知事管理努力量を超えないようにするため必要があると認めるときは、当該知事管理量又は知事 管理努力量に係る採捕を行う者に対し、当該知事管理量又は知事管理努力量に係る採捕に関し、必要な助言、指導又は勧告をすることができる。
• If the governor of any prefecture finds it necessary so as not to allow the amount of gathering or catching subject to quantity control by the governor to exceed the quantity control set by the governor, or so as not to allow the fishing effort subject to fishing effort control by the governor to exceed said fishing effort control set by the governor after the publication pursuant to the provision of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, he/she may give the necessary advice, guidance, or recommendations to the persons carrying out the gathering or catching related to said quantity control by the governor or fishing effort control by the governor, on their gathering or catching that is related to said quantity control by the governor or fishing effort control by the governor.

• 国土交通大臣は、第七十三条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項又は第七十四条第二項に規定する指針に適合する建築物が建築されることを確保するため特に必要があると認めるときは、建築物の設計又は施工を行う者に対し、当該判断の基準となるべき事項又は当該指針を勘案して、建築物の外壁、窓等を通しての熱の損失の防止及び建築物に設ける空気調和設備等に係るエネルギーの効率的利用のために建築物に必要とされる性能の向上及び当該性能の表示に関し必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism may, when he/she finds it particularly necessary in order to ensure the construction of buildings that conform to the standards of judgment prescribed in Article 73, paragraph (1) or the guidelines prescribed in Article 74, paragraph (2), provide business operators engaged in designing and construction of buildings, with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the improvement of the performance and indication of said performance necessary for buildings to prevent heat loss through exterior walls, windows, etc. of buildings and to realize the efficient utilization of energy for the air conditioning systems, etc. installed in buildings, by considering said standards of judgment and said guidelines.

• 銀行業務に関する苦情処理措置（顧客からの苦情の処理の業務に従事する使用人その他の従業者に対する助言若しくは指導を第五十二条の七十三第三項第三号に掲げる者に行わせること又はこれに準ずるものとして内閣府令で定める措置をいう。）及び紛争解決措置（顧客との紛争の解決を認証紛争解決手続（裁判外紛争解決手続の利用の促進に関する法律（平成十六年法律第百五十一号）第二条第三号に規定する認証紛争解決手続をいう。）により図ること又はこれに準ずるものとして内閣府令で定める措置をいう。）
• Complaint Processing Measures (meaning measures to have the person set forth in Article 52-73, paragraph (3), item (iii) provide advice or guidance to the employee or any other workers engaged in the business of processing complaints from the customers or any other measures specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance as being equivalent thereto) and Dispute Resolution Measures (meaning measures seeking to resolve the dispute with the customer through Certified Dispute Resolution Procedures (meaning the Certified Dispute Resolution Procedures defined in Article 2, item (iii) of the Act on Promotion of Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution (Act No. 151 of 2004)) or any other measures specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance as being equivalent thereto) concerning Banking Services.

• 第一項の規定により保護観察を一時的に解除されている保護観察処分少年に対する第五十条及び第六十三条の規定の適用については、第五十条中「以下「一般遵守事項」という」とあるのは「第二号ロ及び第三号に掲げる事項を除く」と、同条第二号中「守り、保護観察官及び保護司による指導監督を誠実に受ける」とあるのは「守る」と、同条第五号中「転居又は七日以上の旅行」とあるのは「転居」と、第六十三条第二項第二号中「遵守事項」とあるのは「第七十条第三項の規定により読み替えて適用される第五十条に掲げる事項」とする。
• With respect to the application of the provisions of Article 50 and Article 63 for the juvenile under probation for whom probation is temporarily suspended pursuant to the provision of paragraph (1), the term 'hereinafter referred to as 'general conditions'' in Article 50 shall be deemed to be replaced with 'excluding matters listed in item (ii)(b) and item (iii)', and the term 'observe the following matters and undergo the instruction and supervision of probation officers and volunteer probation officers sincerely' in item (ii) of said Article shall be deemed to be replaced with 'observe the following matters', and the term 'change the residence or travel for more than seven days' in item (v) of said Article shall be deemed to be replaced with 'change the residence', and the term 'the conditions' in item (ii) of paragraph (2) of Article 63 shall be deemed to be replaced with 'matters listed in Article 50 as applied by being deemed to be replaced pursuant to the provision of paragraph (3) of Article 70'.

• 都道府県知事（保健所を設置する市又は特別区にあっては、市長又は区長。以下この章から第七章までにおいて同じ。）は、その登録を受けた引取業者若しくはフロン類回収業者又はその許可を受けた解体業者若しくは破砕業者に対し、使用済自動車若しくは解体自動車の引取り若しくは引渡し、特定再資源化等物品の引渡し又は使用済自動車若しくは解体自動車の再資源化に必要な行為の実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、当該引取り若しくは引渡し又は再資源化に必要な行為の実施に関し必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• A governor (a mayor or ward chief when this is a municipality or special ward having a health section; the same shall apply hereinafter in this chapter to Chapter 7) may provide, guidance and advice required for implementing the activities required for collection or delivery or Recycling to a registered Collection Operator or Fluorocarbons Recovery Operator or a permitted Dismantling Operator or Shredding and Sorting Operator that collects or delivers an End-of-Life Vehicle or a Dismantled Vehicle when he/she has found it necessary in order to secure implementation required for delivery of Parts Specified for Recycling, etc. or for Recycling of an End-of-Life Vehicle or Dismantled Vehicle.

• 指定紛争解決機関が存在しない場合　銀行業務に関する苦情処理措置（顧客からの苦情の処理の業務に従事する使用人その他の従業者に対する助言若しくは指導を第五十二条の七十三第三項第三号に掲げる者に行わせること又はこれに準ずるものとして内閣府令で定める措置をいう。）及び紛争解決措置（顧客との紛争の解決を認証紛争解決手続（裁判外紛争解決手続の利用の促進に関する法律（平成十六年法律第百五十一号）第二条第三号に規定する認証紛争解決手続をいう。）により図ること又はこれに準ずるものとして内閣府令で定める措置をいう。）
• In cases where there is no Designated Dispute Resolution Organization:　Complaint Processing Measures (meaning measures to have the person set forth in Article 52-73, paragraph (3), item (iii) provide advice or guidance to the employee or any other workers engaged in the business of processing complaints from the customers or any other measures specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance as being equivalent thereto) and Dispute Resolution Measures (meaning measures seeking to resolve the dispute with the customer through Certified Dispute Resolution Procedures (meaning the Certified Dispute Resolution Procedures defined in Article 2, item (iii) of the Act on Promotion of Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution (Act No. 151 of 2004)) or any other measures specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance as being equivalent thereto) concerning Banking Services.

• 原子力防災専門官は、その担当すべき原子力事業所として文部科学大臣又は経済産業大臣が指定した原子力事業所について、第七条第一項に規定する原子力事業者防災業務計画の作成及び第八条第一項に規定する原子力防災組織の設置その他原子力事業者が実施する原子力災害予防対策に関する指導及び助言を行うほか、第十条第一項前段の規定による通報があった場合には、その状況の把握のため必要な情報の収集、地方公共団体が行う情報の収集及び応急措置に関する助言その他原子力災害の発生又は拡大の防止の円滑な実施に必要な業務を行うものとする。
• A senior specialist for nuclear emergency preparedness shall, in addition to giving guidance and advice concerning the preparation of a nuclear operator emergency action plan under Article 7, paragraph 1, establishment of an on-site organization for nuclear emergency preparedness under Article 8, paragraph 1 or other measures to prevent nuclear emergency implemented by a nuclear operator with regard to a nuclear site that has been designated by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology or the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry as a nuclear site of which said senior specialist for nuclear emergency preparedness should take charge, collect information necessary for understanding the situation, give advice concerning the collection of information and emergency responses implemented by a local government and perform any other duties necessary to smoothly implement the prevention of the occurrence or progression (expansion) of a nuclear disaster in the case where there has been a notification under the provisions of the first sentence of Article 10, paragraph 1.

• 刑法第二十五条の二第二項の規定により保護観察を仮に解除されている保護観察付執行猶予者に対する第五十条及び第六十三条の規定の適用については、第五十条中「以下「一般遵守事項」という」とあるのは「第二号ロ及び第三号に掲げる事項を除く」と、同条第二号中「守り、保護観察官及び保護司による指導監督を誠実に受ける」とあるのは「守る」と、同条第五号中「転居又は七日以上の旅行」とあるのは「転居」と、第六十三条第二項第二号中「遵守事項」とあるのは「第八十一条第三項の規定により読み替えて適用される第五十条に掲げる事項」とする。
• With respect to the application of provisions of Article 50 and Article 63 for the person under probation with suspension of execution of the sentence for whom the probation is provisionally suspended pursuant to the provision of paragraph (2) of Article 25-2 of the Penal Code, the term 'hereinafter referred to as 'general conditions'' in Article 50 shall be deemed to be replaced with 'excluding matters listed in item (ii)(b) and item (iii)', and the term 'observe the following matters and to undergo the instruction and supervision of probation officers and volunteer probation officers sincerely' in item (ii) of said Article shall be deemed to be replaced with 'observe the following matters', and the term 'change the residence or travel for more than seven days' in item (v) of said Article shall be deemed to be replaced with 'change the residence', and the term 'the conditions' in item (ii) of paragraph (2) of Article 63 shall be deemed to be replaced with 'matters listed in Article 50 as applied by being deemed to be replaced pursuant to the provision of paragraph (3) of Article 81'.

• 主務大臣は、第一種監視化学物質、第二種監視化学物質若しくは第三種監視化学物質（第三十一条の二において「監視化学物質」と総称する。）又は第二種特定化学物質による環境の汚染を防止するため特に必要があると認めるときは、当該第一種監視化学物質に係る第一種監視化学物質取扱事業者、当該第二種監視化学物質若しくは第三種監視化学物質の製造の事業を営む者、業として当該第二種監視化学物質若しくは第三種監視化学物質を使用する者その他の業として当該第二種監視化学物質若しくは第三種監視化学物質を取り扱う者又は当該第二種特定化学物質に係る第二種特定化学物質等取扱事業者に対し、その取扱いの方法に関し必要な指導及び助言を行うことができる。
• Where the competent ministers find it particularly necessary for preventing environmental pollution attributable to a Chemical Substance subject to Type I Monitoring, a Chemical Substance subject to Type II Monitoring or a Chemical Substance subject to Type III Monitoring (hereinafter collectively referred to as a 'chemical substance subject to monitoring' in Article 31-2) or a Class II Specified Chemical Substance, they may provide a business operator handling a Chemical Substance subject to Type I Monitoring pertaining to said Chemical Substance subject to Type I Monitoring, a person operating the business of manufacturing said Chemical Substance subject to Type II Monitoring or Chemical Substance subject to Type III Monitoring, or a person using said Chemical Substance subject to Type II Monitoring or Chemical Substance subject to Type III Monitoring as his/her business, or any other person handling said Chemical Substance subject to Type II Monitoring or Chemical Substance subject to Type III Monitoring as his/her business, or a business operator handling a Class II Specified Chemical Substance, etc. pertaining to said Class II Specified Chemical Substance with the necessary guidance and advice concerning the method of handling the chemical substance.

• 居住者は、非居住者（非居住者の本邦にある支店等を含む。以下この条において同じ。）との間で当該非居住者の行う工業所有権その他の技術に関する権利の譲渡、これらに関する使用権の設定又は事業の経営に関する技術の指導に係る契約の締結又は更新その他当該契約の条項の変更（以下この条、第五十五条の六及び第七十条において「技術導入契約の締結等」という。）のうち第三項の規定による審査が必要となる技術導入契約の締結等に該当するおそれがあるものとして政令で定めるものをしようとするときは、政令で定めるところにより、あらかじめ、当該技術導入契約の締結等について、その契約の条項その他の政令で定める事項を財務大臣及び事業所管大臣に届け出なければならない。
• When a resident intends to commit acts of concluding or renewing, with a non-resident (including the Branch Offices, etc. in Japan of non-residents; hereinafter the same shall apply in this article), a contract pertaining to the transfer of industrial property rights or other rights related to technology, establishment of the right to use these rights or guidance on technology related to business management conducted by the non-resident, or acts of making changes in the provision of such a contract (hereinafter referred to as 'Conclusion of a Technology Introduction Contract, etc.' in this article and Articles 55-6 and 70), which are specified by Cabinet Order as being likely to fall under the Conclusion of a Technology Introduction Contract, etc. that requires examination pursuant to the provision of paragraph 3, he/she shall notify in advance, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Order, the Minister of Finance and the minister having jurisdiction over the business of the provisions of the contract and other matters specified by Cabinet Order in regard to the Conclusion of a Technology Introduction Contract, etc.

• この節において「更生緊急保護」とは、次に掲げる者が、刑事上の手続又は保護処分による身体の拘束を解かれた後、親族からの援助を受けることができず、若しくは公共の衛生福祉に関する機関その他の機関から医療、宿泊、職業その他の保護を受けることができない場合又はこれらの援助若しくは保護のみによっては改善更生することができないと認められる場合に、緊急に、その者に対し、金品を給与し、又は貸与し、宿泊場所を供与し、宿泊場所への帰住、医療、療養、就職又は教養訓練を助け、職業を補導し、社会生活に適応させるために必要な生活指導を行い、生活環境の改善又は調整を図ること等により、その者が進んで法律を守る善良な社会の一員となることを援護し、その速やかな改善更生を保護することをいう。
• The term 'urgent aftercare of discharged offenders' as used in this Section means assisting the following persons to become sound members of society willing to comply with laws and protecting their prompt improvement and rehabilitation, when it is considered that such persons, after they are released from physical restraint administered by penal procedures or protective measures, will not be able to receive assistance from relatives or medical care, lodgings, employment or other protection measures from public health and welfare organizations or other organizations, or will not be able to improve and rehabilitate themselves with only such assistance or protection, by providing them with or lending them money or goods, offering them accommodation, aiding them to return and live in their place of stay, to receive medical care or medical treatment, to obtain employment or cultural education and training, giving them vocational guidance, and teaching them the life skills necessary to adapt themselves, helping them improve their circumstances and assisting them in coordinating to their circumstances.

• 第二十六条第一項の規定による判断の基準となるべき事項の策定、同条第二項に規定する当該事項の改定、第二十七条第一項の規定による認定、第二十八条第一項の規定による変更の認定、第二十九条の規定による認定の取消し、第三十条の規定による意見、第三十二条に規定する指導及び助言、第三十三条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表、同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十七条第三項及び第四項の規定による報告の徴収及び立入検査に関する事項については、政令で定めるところにより、当該指定再資源化製品の製造、加工、修理若しくは販売の事業又は当該指定再資源化製品を部品として使用する第二十六条第一項の政令で定める製品の製造、加工、修理若しくは販売の事業を所管する大臣及び環境大臣
• With respect to the establishment of the standards of judgment under Article 26, paragraph 1, the revision of the standards under paragraph 2 of the said Article, the recognition under Article 27, paragraph 1, the recognition of change under Article 28, paragraph 1, the rescission of recognition under Article 29, the opinions under Article 30, the guidance and advice under Article 32, the recommendation prescribed in Article 33, paragraph 1, the publication under Article 33, paragraph 2, the order under Article 33, paragraph 3, and the collection of reports and on-site inspection under Article 37, paragraph 3 and paragraph 4: the ministers who have jurisdiction, pursuant to the provision of Cabinet Order, over businesses of manufacturing, processing, repairing or selling the respective Specified Resources-Recycled Products or businesses of manufacturing, processing, repairing or selling the products specified by Cabinet Order under Article 26, paragraph 1 that use the respective Specified Resources-Recycled Products as parts, or the Minister of the Environment.

• 所管行政庁（建築主事を置く市町村又は特別区の区域にあつては当該市町村又は特別区の長をいい、その他の市町村又は特別区の区域にあつては都道府県知事をいう。ただし、建築基準法（昭和二十五年法律第二百一号）第九十七条の二第一項又は第九十七条の三第一項の規定により建築主事を置く市町村又は特別区の区域内の政令で定める建築物にあつては、都道府県知事とする。以下同じ。）は、建築物（住宅を除く。以下この項において同じ。）について第七十二条に規定する措置の適確な実施を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、建築主等又は特定建築物（住宅を除く。）の所有者に対し、前条第一項に規定する判断の基準となるべき事項を勘案して、建築物の設計、施工及び維持保全に係る事項について必要な指導及び助言をすることができる。
• An administrative agency with jurisdiction (which means, with respect to the area of a municipality or special ward that has a district construction surveyor, the mayor of such a municipality or special ward, and with respect to the area of other municipality or special ward, the prefectural governor; provided, however, that it means the prefectural governor with respect to buildings specified by a Cabinet Order to be constructed in the area of a municipality or special ward that has a district construction surveyor pursuant to Article 97-2, paragraph (1) or Article 97-3, paragraph (1) of the Building Standards Act (Act No. 201 of 1950); the same shall apply hereinafter) may, when he/she finds it necessary in order to ensure the proper implementation of the measures prescribed in Article 72 with respect to buildings (excluding residences; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph), provide construction clients, etc. or owners of specified buildings (excluding residences) with necessary guidance and advice with regard to the matters concerning the designing, construction and maintenance of buildings, by considering the standards of judgment prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.

• 経済産業大臣は、定型的な約款による契約に基づき、特定の商標、商号その他の表示を使用させ、商品の販売又は役務の提供に関する方法を指定し、かつ、継続的に経営に関する指導を行う事業であつて、当該約款に、当該事業に加盟する者（以下「加盟者」という。）が設置している工場等におけるエネルギーの使用の条件に関する事項であつて経済産業省令で定めるものに係る定めがあるもの（以下「連鎖化事業」という。）を行う者（以下「連鎖化事業者」という。）のうち、当該連鎖化事業者が設置しているすべての工場等及び当該加盟者が設置している当該連鎖化事業に係るすべての工場等における第七条第二項の政令で定めるところにより算定したエネルギーの年度の使用量の合計量が同条第一項の政令で定める数値以上であるものをエネルギーの使用の合理化を特に推進する必要がある者として指定するものとする。
• The Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry shall designate a business operator engaged in business in which the business operator authorizes the use of specified trademarks, trade names or other indications, specify the manner of selling goods or providing services and give guidance continuously on management, pursuant to a standard form contract that provides for the matters specified by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry with regard to the conditions of energy use in factories, etc. which belong to a business operator that participates in said business (hereinafter referred to as a 'franchisee') (this type of business shall hereinafter be referred to as 'chain business' and this type of business operator shall hereinafter be referred to as a 'chain business operator'), for which the total energy consumption for a given business year in all factories, etc. which belong to said chain business operator and all factories, etc. pertaining to said chain business which belong to said franchisee as calculated pursuant to the provision of a Cabinet Order under Article 7, paragraph (2) is beyond the level specified by a Cabinet Order under paragraph (1) of the same Article, as a business operator especially required to promote the rational use of energy.

• 第十一条第二項第二号ロの規定による率の決定、同号ニの規定による量の決定、第十三条第二項第三号の規定による量の決定、第十五条第一項及び第三項に規定する認定、同条第二項の規定による書類の受理、第十六条第一項に規定する変更の認定、第十七条の規定による認定の取消し、第十八条第一項に規定する認定、同条第二項（同条第五項において準用する場合を含む。）の規定による公示、同条第三項の規定による報告の受理、同条第四項の規定による認定の取消し、第十九条に規定する指導及び助言、第二十条第一項に規定する勧告、同条第二項の規定による公表並びに同条第三項の規定による命令並びに第三十九条の規定による報告の徴収及び第四十条の規定による立入検査（前号に掲げるものを除く。）に関する事項　環境大臣、経済産業大臣及び当該特定容器利用事業者若しくは当該特定包装利用事業者が特定容器若しくは特定包装を用いて行う事業又は当該特定容器製造等事業者が行う特定容器の製造等の事業を所管する大臣
• Matters related to decision of the rate pursuant to the provision of Article 11, paragraph 2, item 2 (b), decision of the amount pursuant to the provision of (d) of the same item, decision of the amount pursuant to the provision of Article 13, paragraph 2, item 3, recognition prescribed in paragraphs 1 and 3 of Article 15, receipt of documents pursuant to the provision of paragraph 2 of the same article, recognition of a change prescribed in Article 16, paragraph 1, rescission of recognition pursuant to the provision of Article 17, recognition prescribed in Article 18, paragraph 1, public notice pursuant to the provision of paragraph 2 of the same article (including the cases where it is applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph 5 of the same article), acceptance of report pursuant to the provision of paragraph 3 of the same article, rescission of recognition pursuant to the provision of paragraph 4 of the same article, guidance and advice prescribed in Article 19, recommendation prescribed in Article 20, paragraph 1, publication pursuant to the provision of paragraph 2 of the same article and order pursuant to the provision of paragraph 3 of the same article, and collection of report pursuant to the provision of Article 39 and on-site inspection pursuant to the provision of Article 40 (excluding that listed in the preceding item):　Minister of the Environment, Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, and minister who has jurisdiction over business conducted by the specified container user or specified packaging user by using the specified containers or specified packaging, or business such as the manufacture, etc. of specified containers conducted by the specified container manufacturer, etc.