技: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 競技規定
- Competition regulations
- 公営競技
- State-controlled games
- 技の呼称
- The names of techniques
- 帝室技芸員
- Teishitsu Gigeiin (Imperial art expert)
- 学校・球技
- School and ball games
- 基本的な技
- The basic techniques
- 友禅の技法
- Techniques of yuzen
- 軍隊格闘技
- Military combat sport
- 演技と音曲
- Performance and Music
- 裁判所技官
- Technical Officials of Courts
- 技法・様式
- The Technique and the Style of the Murals
- 補助競技場
- Athletic Park supplementary field
- 染物の技法。
- A Japanese dyeing technique
- 三味線の技法
- Shamisen Techniques
- 技・稽古の形態
- Forms of technique and training
- 技・稽古の特徴
- Characteristics of techniques and training
- 遊技や籤の提供
- Providing Games and Lotteries
- 競技(レース)
- Competition (Racing)
- 日本独自の競技
- Matches unique to Japan
- 火縄銃射撃競技
- Target shooting with hinawaju
- 作画技法と画風
- Technique and Style of Painting
- 大仏鋳造の技法
- The Casting Technique of the Great Buddha Statue
- からかみの技法
- The Technique of Karakami
- ハイムリック手技
- Heimlich maneuver
- 棒術の特徴と技法
- The characters and techniques of Bojutsu
- 加工紙技術の発展
- The Development of the Technique for Processed Paper
- 外国人技師の建築
- Buildings built by foreign engineers
- 試合・競技の導入
- The introduction of the game and competition
- 骨法 (格闘技)
- Koppo (a martial art with bare hands) (kakutogi)
- 京都賞先端技術部門
- The Advanced Technology category of the Kyoto Prizes
- The Kyoto Prize in the Category of Advanced Technology
- 技の形骸化の防止。
- We can prevent the skills from losing substance.
- 懸 蹴鞠を行う競技場
- Kakari, a playground for kemari
- 東舞鶴公園陸上競技場
- Higashi Maizuru Park Athletic Stadium
- 琵琶湖疏水と土木技術
- Biwako Sosui and civil engineering technology
- 奈良市鴻池陸上競技場
- Nara City Konoike Athletics Stadium
- 試合競技があること。
- Judo matches are held in tournaments.
- 選手の育成・技能の向上
- Development of players and improvement of players' skills
- 海技免状等の無効の告示
- Public Notice of Nullity of Seaman's Competency Certificate, etc.
- 手裏剣使用による格闘技術
- Combat techniques using shuriken
- 京都賞先端技術部門受賞者
- The winners of the Kyoto Prize in the Category of Advanced Technology
- 張り子の技法を用いたもの
- Things that use the papier-mâché technique
- プロレス技チョップのこと。
- The term also refers to the chopping technique in professional wrestling.
- 試合競技と演技競技がある。
- There exist two types of competition, the naginata match and the naginata performance.
- 球技場としても使用される。
- It is also used as a ball game field.
- 日本陸上競技連盟第一種公認
- Approved as the first kind by the Japan Association of Athletics Federation.
- Japan Association of Athletic Federation' s first level authorization.
- 日本陸上競技連盟第三種公認
- Japan Association of Athletic Federation's third level authorization
- またはその技術や製法のこと。
- Also, techniques and production methods.
- 西洋式の大砲などを撃つ技術。
- 2. The Western method of firing artillery
- 茶の湯釜の製作技能者のこと。
- An expert to make tea kettles for Chanoyu (the tea ceremony).
- 現存する左太刀技法を含む流派
- Schools including the existing the Hidari Tachi techniques
- 仏具の制作技法が用いられた。
- The production technique for Buddhist altar fittings was used in making armor.
- 各裁判所に裁判所技官を置く。
- In each court, there shall be technical officials.
- 形(型)競技・演武競技の導入
- The introduction of 'kata' (form) competition and demonstration competition
- 日本独特の技法であるとされる。
- This technique is considered to be unique to Japan.
- また、その技法で製作された絵。
- It also refers to a painting drawn with this technique.
- 京都市宝が池公園運動施設球技場
- Takaragaike Park Sports Facility Ball Grounds, Kyoto City
- Kyoto City's ballgame ground in the athletic facilities at Takaragaike Park
- Takaragaike Park Sports Facility Ball Park
- 伝統的な作刀技術の保存に努めた。
- They made an effort to preserve traditional techniques of creating swords.
- 高蒔絵と研出蒔絵を合わせた技法。
- A combination of taka makie and togidashi makie techniques.
- 三九秘宿という独特の技法がある。
- It has a unique technique named Sankunohishuku.
- 実施は日本自転車競技会近畿支部。
- The operator is Nihon Zitensha Kyogikai (Japan Cycling Association) Kinki Branch.
- ほかの技法との併用はほとんどない。
- A combination with other techniques is hardly seen.
- 吹抜屋台・引目鉤鼻の技法を用いた。
- The following techniques were used: the compositional technique used to depict a residential interior, which involves rendering a building without a roof and ceiling so that the viewer looks inside from above; the hikime-kagihana technique (line for an eye, hook for a nose).
- 背の低い人の舞で、滑稽技に属する。
- Hikihitomai is a dancing art performed by people of short stature, belonging to comical acts.
- 技術的には歩射射法とかなり異なる。
- From the aspect of technique, it greatly differs from Busha/Kachiyumi shaho (shooting an arrow while walking).
- 多少の時間と技術改良を必要とした。
- In other words, it took a little while for the original style akari shoji to be technically improved into the current style.
- - 繰糸機械と蚕糸技術の歴史を紹介
- The room introduces the history of silk reeling machines and silk yarn technology.
- 京都市西京極総合運動公園補助競技場
- Kyoto Nishikyogoku Athletic Park Supplementary Field
- また様々な技法も存在したようである。
- It is seemed that various playing techniques also existed.
- 組み技、組み討ち技という意の「柔術」
- Jujutsu' inaccurately used to mean kumi-waza (techniques of hand-to-hand fighting) or kumiuchi-waza (techniques of grappling)
- 鴻池善右衛門を中心とした酒造技術書。
- It was a technical book on sake brewing mainly about Zenemon KONOIKE.
- 的を外した者はそこで競技終了となる。
- The competitor finishes the competition when he or she misses the target.
- 鶏、ウズラなどの卵の殻を接着する技法
- A technique of inlay with chicken or quail egg shell.
- 後に伊藤は立川飛行機の技術者になる。
- He later became an engineer of Tachikawa Aircraft.
- 審判席 競技などで審判、審査員が座る。
- Shinpanseki: A referee's seat is taken by a referee or a jury during a competition and so on.
- (名称と当身技の多い少ないは関係ない)
- (there is no relationship between the name and the number of striking and kicking techniques.)
- 胡蝶の舞はサクラ大戦に登場する必殺技。
- kocho no mai (a dance of butterfly) is a special weapon that appeared in Sakura Taisen (a game).
- 密陀絵(みつだえ)は、絵画技法の一つ。
- The term 'Mitsuda-e' refers to a kind of painting technique.
- 打突とは、剣道における技のことである。
- Datotsu refers to a technique in Kendo (Japanese art of fencing.)
- 第1競技場は座席数は最大8,635人。
- The main stadium has a seating capacity of 8635.
- このことから、古代出雲の技術を物語る。
- Hence, they show the techniques of ancient Izumo.
- 少数の基本技と多数の応用技があること。
- Judo has a few basic skills and many applied ones.
- 技よりも筋力やスピード重視に陥り易い。
- We're inclined to emphasize muscle strength or speed rather than skills.
- したがって、当身技を排除する要素はない。
- Therefore, atemi-waza is not excluded from jujutsu.
- 捕物や競技の合図等に用いられる小さい笛。
- A small fue used by police officers when pursuing suspects or by judges as signals during competitions.
- 墨を練る技術以外に、墨の形が重要となる。
- Besides the technique to knead sumi, the shape of sumi is also important.
- 実際に日本ではさまざまな技法が生まれた。
- In fact, various techniques have been developed in Japan.
- 技の改良や誤った伝承の修正が行われ易い。
- We can easily improve the skills and correct the inappropriate ways they've been handed down.
- 全体に技巧的で、繊細な技法が発達している
- Overall, they require fine technique.
- - 主に学校の運動会等で行われる競技の一。
- A race held at school sports days.
- これを伝統技法の逸失ととらえる立場もある。
- Some people say that this caused an extinction of traditional methods.
- 投げ技・関節技が主で打撃技の稽古は少ない。
- It generally consists of throwing techniques and joint-locking techniques, and training in striking techniques is scarce.
- その選手は総合格闘技の試合で当身技も使う。
- Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu players use atemi-waza in the match of Mixed Martial Arts.
- 20世紀後半ごろには養殖技術が確立された。
- By the latter half of the 20th century aqua farming technology was established.
- 大豆の加工技術も禅寺から興ったものである。
- Soybean-processing techniques developed from Zen temples as well.
- 蒔絵(まきえ)は、漆芸の技法の一つである。
- Makie is the technique of Japanese lacquer art.
- 子孫も技術を伝え、加賀藩、富山藩に仕えた。
- His descendants also handed down the techniques and served the domains of Kaga and Toyama.
- 灘素麺(兵庫県)…三輪から技術を伝えられる。
- Nada somen (Hyogo Prefecture): Technique transferred from Miwa.
- 近的競技では一般に直径36cmの的を用いる。
- A mato of 36 centimeters in diameter is commonly used in kinteki competitions.
- 伊賀流は個人技、甲賀流は集団技に優れていた。
- The Iga school excelled in individual activities, while the Koga school excelled in group activities.
- 繊細な感覚と確かな技術で上菓子はつくられる。
- Jogashi can only be made by those with refined taste and a solid technique.
- これを揚鞭といい、はなはだ困難な技術である。
- This is called Agemuchi and is an extremely difficult technique to perform.
- 裁判所技官は、上司の命を受けて、技術を掌る。
- Technical officials of courts shall conduct technical affairs, as ordered by their superiors.
- 以降、仏師・仏像修理技師としての修行を積む。
- Since then, he trained himself as a busshi and a Buddhist Statues repair specialist.
- 体勢の崩れた相手に対し投げ技や固め技を掛ける。
- Throwing techniques or grappling can be performed against the opponent whose posture has lost balance.
- 元々「ハマ」は競技に用いられる的のことを指す。
- The target used in the event was originally called 'Hama.'
- 一般家庭には、礼装の和服を洗濯する技術がない。
- An ordinary household does not have the technique for washing formal wear Wafuku.
- その大多数は、渡来系に属する技術者たちである。
- Most of them were engineers who belonged to the immigrants in ancient Japan.
- すね打撃が有効となるなぎなた競技に固有の防具。
- It is a protective gear specific to the naginata where the attack on shin is a valid-strike (yuko).
- またNHK大河ドラマなどの演技に協力している。
- Also they help acting performance of NHK Historical drama an so on.
- 繍仏とは仏像を刺繍によって表現する技法である。
- Shubutsu is the technique of portraying the image of Buddha with embroidery.
- 日本庭園では必ず使用される庭園技法の肝である。
- The use of garden stones is a very fundamental technique which is always used in a Japanese garden.
- 薄く削るには職人による高等技術が必要とされる。
- It is believed that only craftsmen with excellent technique can shave kelp thinly.
- 日本では魚、または肉の調理に使われる技法である。
- In Japan, the cooking technique is used to cook fish or meat.
- 日本の武士が合戦で戦うための技芸を武芸といった。
- The practical arts which Japanese samurai used to fight in the battle were called bugei.
- 『平家物語』に剣術の技名のようなものが見られる。
- What looks like the name of Kenjutsu skill is seen in 'The Tale of Heike'.
- またそれらの流派が特に当身技が多いわけではない。
- It is not so that those schools have more striking and kicking techniques.
- 略儀の的であり、大学弓道の競技ではこれを用いる。
- This is an informal style mato, and it is used in the competitions of college and university kyudo.
- 検見役・日記役を置いた勝負事、競技としてのもの。
- Gambling and competitions were overseen by referees and monitors.
- 遠近競射とは弓道の個人競技における順位決定方法。
- Enkin-kyosha is a method for deciding the ranking of an individual competition in Japanese archery, based on how close an arrow is shot to the center of the target.
- 家康には鷹匠組なる技術者が側近として付いていた。
- Ieyasu appointed Takajo-gumi, astringers, that is, technicians of Taka-gari, and assigned them as his aides.
- 国際社会に日本人の技術と精神を示すものであった。
- This was to show Japanese technology and mentality to the international society.
- また版木の代わりに型紙を用いる絵付け技法もある。
- Additionally, there is another method using model paper instead of a printing block.
- 建替えの技術の伝承が、当時の寿命から適当である。
- This 20-year interval was appropriate when the passing on of the techniques of reconstruction through the generations is considered.
- 主任技術者として田辺朔郎を任じ設計にあたらせた。
- He assigned Sakuro TANABE as chief engineer to design the canal.
- 一般には、単に宝ヶ池球技場と呼ばれることが多い。
- Generally, it is often called Takaragaike Kyugijo (ball field).
- 異能を持つ特殊技能者のメンバーシップに基づくもの
- Based on the membership of a special technician with an unusual talent
- みかんの搾り汁等を用いたあぶり出しの技法を使う。
- Using a technique of aburidashi (invisible writing revealed by applying heat) using fresh juice of mikan (tangerine, satsuma), etc.
- 中でも三味線には特に「スクイ」という技法が多い。
- The so-called 'sukui' (a technique of playing the koto, literally, 'skimming') is often used when playing shamisen.
- 兄・友忠と共に銅工・鋳物の技に優れていたとされる。
- It is believed that he and his brother Tomotada excelled in working with copper and cast metal.
- 歌舞伎の花道と同じように演技の場として重視される。
- Like Hanamichi (passage through audience to stage) in Kabuki, Hashigakari is considered as an important place of performance.
- このような技法は広く研究され、流派が多数存在した。
- Such techniques were widely sought, and there existed many schools.
- 蹴り技・足を使った固め技などは基本的には行わない。
- Kicking techniques and grappling with the legs are basically not used, either.
- 技法や稽古法等は大東流合気柔術をほぼ継承している。
- The techniques and training methods used have generally been inherited from Daito-ryu Aiki Jujutsu.
- 友禅に近い技法を使うものに茶屋染と、筒描きがある。
- Chaya-zome and tsutsugaki use techniques similar to yuzen.
- 中国の技法である礎石建、瓦葺屋根の宮殿が造られた。
- The palace was built with Chinese technique including cornerstones and tiled roofs.
- しかし、江戸時代にこの四季醸造の技術は消滅していく。
- However, the practice of fermentation of sake in each of the four seasons died out in the Edo period.
- -コルクを弾にした空気銃で的や景品に当てる射的遊技。
- A shooting game that uses corks as bullets to shoot at targets or prizes.
- 友禅(ゆうぜん)とは、布に模様を染める技法のひとつ。
- Yuzen is a technique to dye cloth with patterns on it.
- 後に、灘素麺の技術は播州、鴨方など他産地に伝播した。
- The technique of Nada somen transferred later to other areas including Banshu and Kamogata.
- 技芸の上達についての言葉で、守破離という言葉がある。
- Term 守破離 (Shuhari) implies stages in improvement of practical arts.
- 技の名前に源氏物語の帖名や百人一首などが用いられる。
- The technique used a name taken from book title such as The Tale of Genji or Hyakunin-Isshu (one hundred waka poems.)
- 蹴鞠(けまり)とは、平安時代に流行した競技のひとつ。
- Kemari is one of the athletic sports that became popular during the Heian period.
- また、高度な木工技術と生産体制を今日まで伝えている。
- Also significant was the time and cost to develop the advanced woodworks technology and production system leading to today.
- 現在残る技法は、平安時代以降のものと考えられている。
- It is thought that the technique that remains in existence today developed subsequent to the Heian Period.
- 手裏剣を隠し武器、格闘用の小武器に使用する技術がある。
- According to one technique, shuriken are used as camouflaged weapons or smaller weapons for combat.
- 他方、ブラジリアン柔術競技では当身技が禁じられている。
- On the other hand, atemi-waza is forbidden in the Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu competition itself.
- 共に日本の武術を元に作り上げられた武道・格闘技である。
- Both are martial arts and combative sports that have been developed based on Japanese martial arts.
- また「三十石」のようにかなりの技量を要するネタもある。
- Some travel routines such as 'On the Ferry Boat' require considerable skill and experience.
- 現存する鷹狩技術のテキストとしては世界で二番目に古い。
- It is the second oldest among existing books on falconry technique..
- すでに原始的な紙漉きの技術を、持っていた可能性もある。
- It is possible that they already had a primitive technique of paper making.
- もちろん、これらは技術的水準の高さにもよるものである。
- Of course, they also rely on the level of their technique.
- 技術資料参考館 - (1930年竣工、登録有形文化財)
- Technical Materials Center: completed in 1930, a registered tangible cultural property
- 立ち技と正座で行う座り技が中心で、寝技は殆ど行われない。
- Most are standing techniques and sitting techniques performed sitting straight, and newaza ((in wrestling or judo) pinning technique) are rare.
- これらの乱捕の技術が現在の柔道の乱取と試合の源流である。
- These techniques of randori are the origin of today's judo's randori and matches.
- 土俵(どひょう)とは、土を盛って作る相撲の競技場である。
- Dohyo is a term used to refer to sumo rings made up of clay.
- 一方、包みを施さずにふりかけ類をまぶすという技法もある。
- On the other hand, there is a technique to sprinkle dried seasoning and others without wrapping.
- 現在でも連盟が関与しない場合は競技規則通りとは限らない。
- Even now they do not always follow the competition rules unless the federation is involved.
- 秋田藩佐竹氏に伝わっていた、日本最初の民間の酒造技術書。
- It was the first private technical book on sake brewing which was succeeded by the Satake clan in the Akita Domain.
- 六方(ろっぽう)とは歌舞伎・人形浄瑠璃・舞踊の演技動作。
- Roppo is an acting motion in Kabuki, Ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater), and Buyo dance (classical Japanese dance).
- 能は型(演技等の様式、パターン)によって構成されている。
- Noh is composed of various forms (style and patterns of the performing techniques).
- 水を用いないため、うまく揚げるには技量が必要といわれる。
- To deep-fry it neatly, a special technique will be required because no water is added to the batter.
- 運動施設球技場 - 市営地下鉄烏丸線松ヶ崎駅より徒歩5分
- Ball Game Stadium: a five minute walk from Matsugasaki Station on the Kyoto City Subway Karasuma Line
- 工業技術資料(日本工業大学収集)178点(日本工業大学)
- Industrial and technological materials (collected by Nihon Institute of Technology): 178 items (Nihon Institute of Technology)
- - ラッテンベルグ館(エングレービング技法のガラス製品)
- - Haus Rattenberg (A shop where sells glasswares decorated with engraving)
- テツandトモのトモ(石澤智幸)も、詩吟を特技としている。
- Tomoyuki ISHIZAWA in comic duo Tetsu and Tomo is also good at shigin.
- その多くは入り身を主体とし、柔術的な技法を含む場合も多い。
- Techniques of kodachijutsu mainly consist of irimi (technique for avoiding an attack by stepping into the dead zone of the attacker) and also includes many techniques like jujutu (Japanese self-defense martial art without weapons).
- これがやがて昭和時代の三倍増醸酒へと至る技術の一端である。
- This is one of the techniques which led to the sanbai zojoshu (tripling the sake) in the Showa period.
- 崩しを行わないで技を掛けようとしても技は容易に掛からない。
- The techniques do not easily succeed when they are used without this kuzushi (balance breaking).
- 腕を相手の首に掛け、相手をそのまま崩した後方へ投げ倒す技。
- Place the arm on the opponent's neck and throw the opponent down in the direction he was falling.
- 天上からの吊屋根にしたのは、蔵前国技館開館ののことである。
- The roof hanging from the ceiling was first adopted when the Kuramae Sumo amphitheater was opened.
- 素手での当身技法も深く修練する体系になっている流派もある。
- Some schools of jujutsu have a system in which their members also train intensively bare hands' atemi-waza.
- 唐菓子は小麦粉を用い胡麻油で揚げるなどの技法が用いられる。
- The technique used to make Togashi was to fry wheat flour-based dough in sesame oil.
- 左太刀の技術は、日本武術では新陰流の系統で伝承されている。
- The Hidari Tachi technique has been handed down in the Shinkage school in the Japanese martial arts.
- まず一般的なストーリー漫画の表現形式と技法を以下に挙げる。
- Firstly, the expression form and technique used for common story manga are described below.
- 近世では、乾燥剤として密陀僧を用いた漆器の装飾技法を云う。
- The term referred to a technique to decorate a lacquer ware by using Mitsuda-so (lead monoxide) as a desiccant in the early-modern times.
- 今後は西京極陸上競技場の改修を軸に検討が進むこととなった。
- Therefore, it was decided that repair of Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium should be mainly considered hereafter.
- 作庭の技術者は僧で、平安時代末期には「石立僧」と呼ばれた。
- The garden builders were monks, called 'stone arranging monks' (ishitate-so) in the late Heian period.
- 一般的には西京極競技場、または西京極という通称で呼ばれる。
- Generally, it is commonly called Nishikyogoku kyogijo (athletic field) or Nishikyogoku.
- 1929(S4)年、1月中旬に石川島飛行機の技術部に勤務。
- In the middle of January, 1929, he started to work for the engineering department of the Ishikawajima Aircraft Manufacturing Company.
- 羽根突きに用いる競技用の羽子板と、飾り羽子板に分別できる。
- Battledore racquets can be divided into those used for playing battledore and shuttlecock (a form of traditional Japanese badminton) and those used for decoration.
- 非常に多彩な技能を要し、どの曲も難曲といって過言ではない。
- It requires an extremely rich variety of techniques, and it isn't an exaggeration to say that any one piece is challenging.
- 立命館大学在学中のタレント植村亜紀も、詩吟を特技としている。
- The entertainer Aki UEMURA currently attending Ritsumeikan University is also good at shigin.
- 明治23年(1890年)には正式に帝室技芸員制度がはじまる。
- The system of Teishitsu Gigeiin formally started in 1890.
- 臙脂は、浸透性が強く、塗り方は難しく、熟練した技術を要する。
- Dark red color has strong permeability, and is difficult to paint with, requiring experience and skill.
- 全日本剣道連盟の前身は、全日本撓競技連盟という名称であった。
- The forerunner of the All Japan Kendo Federation (AJKF) was the All Japan Shinai Competition Federation.
- さらに、柔道から寝技の勝負へより特化したのが高専柔道である。
- In addition, 'Kosen judo' (a sub-style of Kodokan judo) became specialized in ground grappling techniques.
- 各流派の技術論の相違はなはだしく広く、分野ごとに多様である。
- Theories greatly differ among the respective schools, and include broad variation in each field of art.
- 摺箔等の技法と共に安土桃山時代の豪華絢爛たる文化を演出した。
- Also, these dyeing techniques contributed to the luxurious and splendid culture along with surihaku (a dyeing technique that uses foil applique) in the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
- 馬が馬駐に達する速さが競われたが、乗尻の技術なども問われた。
- The jockeys competed for the speed to reach the goal, but the skills of norijiri was considered important.
- 古代ギリシャのオリンピア競技場 - 既婚の女性のみ観戦禁止。
- The Olympic stadium of ancient Greece: Only married women were prohibited from watching the games.
- しかし宋代以降、悟りを得るための多くの技法が考案されてきた。
- However, they began to devise many techniques for gaining enlightenment from the Song dynasty.
- 剣道は 神の教への道なれば 大和心をみがくこの技(高野佐三郎)
- The Way of the Sword, being a path taught by the gods, hones yamato-gokoro (Sasaburo TAKANO).
- 多くは技巧を凝らし、きわめて高ポジションまで使われる曲も多い。
- Many such pieces consist of great techniques and may use quite high positions.
- 次男の貞次(弥蔵)が技術を伝え、尾張藩成立後も引き続き栄えた。
- His second son Sadatsugu (Yazo) taught the techniques and continued to prosper even after the Owari Domain formed.
- 子の家延(平右衛門)も茂氏(大蔵派祖)らに師事し技術を伝えた。
- His son Ienobu (Heiemon) also studied the techniques under Shigeuji (Okura school) and others.
- 温泉その物の掘削技術が上がったため、安価で掘削が可能となった。
- The drilling costs of hot springs have decreased, because more advanced drilling technology became available.
- ここでも土木技術や薬学をはじめ多分野を学び、経典等を収集した。
- Here as well, he learnt lots of things in many areas, including civil engineering technology and pharmacology, and collected Buddhist scriptures.
- 胴張複室構造(子宮の様な形)と呼ばれ精巧な技術で造られている。
- The structure of the wall is called Dohari-fukushitsu-kozo and it was constructed using an elaborate construction technique.
- これらは風の音、虫の声などの擬音技法として使われることが多い。
- These sounds are often used as onomatopoetic techniques to emulate sounds such as the wind and insects.
- それが復活できたのは、じつに昭和時代の工業技術によってであった。
- It was revived by an industrial technique in the Showa period.
- 国技館では「四人枡」「五人枡」「六人枡」の三種類の枡席があるが、
- Ryogoku Kokugikan provides three types of masuseki, 'masuseki for four,' 'masuseki for five' and 'masuseki for six.'
- 14-16一の松、二の松、三の松 橋掛での演技の際の目印にする。
- 14-16 Ichi no Matsu (first pine), Ni no Matsu (second pine), and San no Matsu (third pine): These are used as markers during the performance on Hashigakari.
- 柔術が組み技、組み討ち技が主な武術・格闘技と考えている人も多い。
- Many people also think jujutsu is the martial arts (a combat sport) whose main techniques are kumi-waza, or kumiuchi-waza.
- 古武道の多くは、技術の進歩段階や人格を見て各種の許しを発行した。
- In many of the kobudo schools, a variety of licenses were issued, based upon the judgment of the grade in the progress of techniques and character as a man.
- 先端技術部門、基礎科学部門、思想・芸術部門の三つの賞が贈られる。
- Three prizes which are in the Advanced Technology category, the Basic Sciences category and the Arts and Philosophy category are given.
- 時には光瑞みずからが、技手、職工として鋭意従事することもあった。
- Kozui himself sometimes worked hard as an engineer and a workman.
- 禅宗様の建築では、随所に意匠の工夫や技工の斬新さが見いだされる。
- Architectures of the Zen sect temple style show, at every turn, elaborated designs and novel craftsmanship.
- In Zen-sect style architecture many ingenuities of design and novelties of technique are seen.
- 京都市宝が池公園運動施設球技場 – 京都市左京区松ヶ崎西池ノ内町
- Kyoto Municipal Takaragaike Park Ball Game Stadium: Nishiikenouchi-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City
- 日伊両国の学者、芸術家、技術者および学生等の交換に関する便宜供与
- Support for the mutual exchange of scholars, artists, engineers, and students of both Japan and Italy.
- 武道の理想を達成するためには試合・競技を否定する者さえ存在する。
- Some people deny the game or competition in order to achieve the ideal of the budo.
- また北前船の集積地でもある敦賀でも「おぼろ昆布」技術が発達した。
- In addition, in Tsuruga, a collection center of kitamae-bune, the technology to produce 'oboro-konbu' developed.
- 仕込工程初期に酵素剤を添加することで醸造期間を短縮する技術がある。
- The technology of adding enzyme reagent in the early period of the preparation process shortens the brewing period.
- フキダシの様なものが描かれるなど現代の漫画に通じる表現技法を持つ。
- Dialogue balloons are utilized in creating images etc and they possess many of the techniques of expression that have carried through to modern day manga.
- 穂数が多いものほど製作に技術を要するため格の高い茶筅とされていた。
- Making the chasen with more bristles requires more sophisticated craftsmanship, and thus such a chasen has been regarded prestigious.
- 嵩山少林寺の少林拳と混同されがちだが、まったく別の技法体系をもつ。
- It is often confused with shaolin kung fu of the Songshan Shaolin Monastery, but it has a totally different system of techniques.
- 張り子の技法は室町時代頃に中華人民共和国から伝来したとされている。
- It is said that the papier-mache technique came down from China in around the Muromachi period.
- しかし、現在の日本料理で用いられる技法はまだ出そろっていなかった。
- However, all of the cooking methods used for nihon-ryori were not yet provided.
- 借景(しゃっけい)は、中国庭園や日本庭園における造園技法のひとつ。
- 'Shakkei' (borrowing landscapes) is one type of landscape gardening techniques in Chinese and Japanese gardens.
- 技能に長けた者を意味する「師」という字が用いられるのもそれ故である。
- This is why this term uses the Chinese character '師' (pronounced as shi), which represents a skilled person.
- 関節技にかかることでストレッチ効果を得られ、五十肩などの予防になる。
- The application of joint-locking techniques has the effect of stretching, and it prevents stiff shoulder.
- 他武道に比べ精神性が重視され、精神的な境地が技に現れるとされている。
- Compared to other martial arts, spirituality is valued, and it's believed that the spiritual state can be seen in the techniques.
- 型(形)を行う際に仕太刀に倒される(技を受ける)役の人物を意味する。
- The term 'uchitachi' indicates a person who has the role of being defeated by a shidachi, or to defend against that shidachi's techniques, in kata (standard form of a movement or posture) practice.
- また、その製法技術は、日本海交易により福岡からもたらされたとする説。
- There are various theories about how the manufacturing method came to the region, such as a theory suggesting that it was introduced from Fukuoka via Japan Sea Trade.
- 廻しは、日本の国技・相撲や一部の裸祭り、奉納相撲に使われる特殊な褌。
- 'Mawashi' is a particular kind of fundoshi loincloth typically used for sumo wrestling, a Japanese national sport, and for some hadaka-matsuri (a naked festival in which men go naked except for fundoshi loincloth) as well as for honozumo (a ritual sumo match held at a shrine).
- 基本的に技術関係が深い(移住、修行、子孫等)一派の間で行われやすい。
- Basically, gimei is often used within the school with close technical relationships (immigration, training, descendant, etc.).
- 弓矢は古くから軍事・狩猟に使用され、競技・遊戯・神事にも使用された。
- The bow and arrow had been used for military purposes and for hunting from ancient times, it also was popular as a game, and as a shrine ritual.
- たけし&マチャミの世界に誇る日本の技術に驚いてみませんか?SP
- Takeshi & Machami's Why Not Get Surprised With World-class Japanese Technology? Special
- 電光掲示板(南側サイドスタンド) ボードは左側が球技用の得点掲示板。
- Electrical scoreboard (the south side stand): The left side of the board is the score board for ball games.
- 京都スタジアム(きょうと-)は、京都府城陽市で建設予定だった球技場。
- Kyoto Stadium was planned to be built in Joyo City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 「風呂敷」を使って自在にものを包むための基本となる技は「結び」である。
- The basic technique to wrap up things freely in Furoshiki is 'Musubi' (knot).
- (以上の技は最大公約数的なものであり、流派や道場によって細部は異なる。
- (The techniques above are common denominators, and the details vary among the various schools and dojo.
- そのため、浮世絵の最高の技術が使われているものは春画とも言われている。
- Therefore, it is said that the most significant technique of the ukiyoe was used for shunga.
- 競技場として40間四方の平坦なスペースを準備し、そこを「馬場」とする。
- A flat space of about 132㎡ is prepared and is used as 'umaba' (a horse-riding ground).
- 森川香山は少年期から父道寿より日置流寿徳派の弓術を学び射技精妙となる。
- Kozan MORIKAWA had been taught Heki school Jutoku line's archery by Doju, his father, since his childhood and came to expert in shooting.
- 射詰(いづめ)とは、弓道の個人競技において、決勝で順位を決定する方法。
- Izume refers a method of deciding ranking in the final of an individual tournament of Japanese archery.
- 構造部位の名称(船櫓・炬燵櫓など)・技の名称(相撲の技・将棋の陣たて)
- Names of construction parts (such as funa-yagura [a yagura installed on a Japanese-style ship] and kotatsu-yagura [a wooden frame of a kotatsu, a Japanese foot warmer]), and names of techniques or arts (a winning technique of sumo and a battle formation of shogi, a Japanese board game resembling chess).
- 禅寺の食のタブーを克服するため調理技術が発達し、出汁の概念が生まれた。
- Cooking techniques to overcome taboos on meals at Zen temples developed, and the concept of soup stock was generated.
- 武道における残心とは、技を決めた後も心身ともに油断をしないことである。
- Zan-shin in budo refers to not lowering one's guard, both in mind and body, even after making a successful move against the opponent.
- 多くは単なる競技ではなく、年占的性格を持つ宗教儀礼として行われている。
- Most of them are performed as religious ceremonies that include fortune-telling for the coming year, rather than a just being a mere game.
- 鹿皮製の蹴鞠鞠を一定の高さで蹴り続け、その回数の多寡を競う競技である。
- It is a game in which players compete for the number of times he/she can kick a kemari shuttlecock made of deer skin to a certain height.
- 本館庁舎(現在の東京本館)は建築設計競技により前川國男の案が選ばれた。
- A design submitted by Kunio MAEKAWA was selected in the architectural design competition for the Main Building (now known as the Tokyo Main Library).
- 当時培われた技術が現代の弓具制作の礎となっていると言っても過言ではない。
- Skills developed during that period became a foundation for the modern day creation of archery tools.
- その店の伝統や技法が息づいていることから、隠れた銘菓としてファンが多い。
- The tradition and techniques of the shop can be seen in the yokan, so they have many fans as hidden, but established sweets.
- 現代染色作家の中でもこの技法を使える人は十指に満たぬ程度と言われている。
- It is said that only a few of dyers today can use this technique.
- それは酒類に限らず、技術革新が生活の諸方面にもたらした意識変化であった。
- Those were the changes in consciousness which technical innovations brought not only to consumption style of liquors but also various aspects of life.
- 以上のような状況の一方に、日本の柔術にも当身技が多い流派はいくつかある。
- While the situation is as stated above, there are also some jujutsu schools in Japan that have many striking and kicking techniques.
- 遠的競技には的中制と得点制があるが、どちらも直径100cmの的を用いる。
- Enteki competitions consist of the tekichu-sei and the tokuten-sei (point system), and both the systems use a mato with a diameter of 100 centimeters.
- 近代までにそれぞれ独立した競技、儀礼的神事として作法や規則が整備された。
- In separate competitions, the rules and etiquette of each of the forms has been maintained through to present times.
- 最近では茨城県の業者による技術指導の下、中華人民共和国産も出回っている。
- Under the technical instruction of manufacturers in Ibaraki Prefecture, hoshi-imo is also produced in the People's Republic of China, which is coming onto the market in Japan.
- 家道(かどう)とは、特定の家において代々伝えられてきた技能・芸能のこと。
- Kado is a skill and performing art which has been passed down in a specific family for generations.
- それでも政府は帝室技芸員として、月山 (日本刀)、宮本包則の二名を任命。
- Still, Japanese government appointed Gassan (Japanese Swords) and Tadanori MIYAMOTO as Imperial Members of Art.
- 京都府の技師を務めた松室重光の設計により、1904年(明治37年)竣工。
- The construction of the office designed by Shigemitsu MATSUMURO, who was an engineer in the Kyoto Prefectural government, was completed in 1904.
- 寺院の石工を任されていたが、高い技術を買われて、安土城の石垣を施工した。
- They were initially put in charge of stone masonry at temples but, with their excellent skills being recognized, they installed the stone walls of Azuchi-jo Castle.
- 野口みずき選手が所属するシスメックス陸上競技部はこの競技場の近くにある。
- Sysmex Women's Track and Field Team to which Mizuki NOGUCHI belongs is near the stadium.
- 合宿などで日本を離れている以外はこの西京極陸上競技場周辺で練習している。
- Except when she is away from Japan at the training camp and so on, she practices here at Nishikyogoku athletic field.
- イタリア人学者、技術者の日本または東洋研究に対する研究助成および便宜供与
- Aid and support for the research on Japan or the Eastern world conducted by Italian scholars and engineers.
- 平成元年(1989年)の新学習指導要領で格技から武道に名称がもどされた。
- The name 'kakugi' was changed back to 'budo' under the new guidelines by the Ministry of Education in 1989.
- 試合・競技を導入している武道もあるが、本来は、武道の一面に過ぎなかった。
- Although the game and competition are introduced into some of the budo, they were originally just parts of the budo.
- 稽古の成果を確認する意味で試合・競技を見据えて稽古する方が熱が入り易い。
- There is more enthusiasm in aiming to win the game or competition in order to see the results of training.
- 山田は大変な美声の持ち主で、銭湯で歌ってはその技と曲を知らしめたと言う。
- It is said that YAMADA had a very beautiful voice and would show off his technique and songs by singing in public baths.
- 特に野球は人気が高く、草野球でも楽しまれるほか、プロ競技の観戦も好まれる。
- Baseball enjoyed much popularity, and Japanese people also enjoy playing sandlot baseball and watching games by professional players.
- これにより、雅楽の旋律や技法も取り入れて完成されたのが『千鳥の曲』である。
- In this manner, melodies and techniques of the traditional Japanese music were employed to complete 'Chidori no Kyoku.'
- 和裁とは、和服裁縫の略語であり、和服を制作することやその技術のことである。
- Wasai is the abbreviation for 'Wafuku Saiho,' which means producing Wafuku and the technique for producing Wafuku.
- 自己の学んだ(流儀)技術の正確な所作・動作・趣旨を理解し確認するのが目的。
- The purpose of 'Kata training' is to understand and check accurate shosa (conduct), action and intended meaning of the one's learnt technique (or a style).
- 演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産は無形文化財と定義されている。
- Intangible cultural properties are defined as the intangible cultural products or outcomes such as plays, musical pieces and craft skills.
- 京における高度な紙の加工技術が、平安王朝のみやびた文化を支えたともいえる。
- Sophisticated processing techniques in Kyoto supported an elegant culture during the Heian dynasty.
- この系統は吉田家の嫡流ではあるが、技術的には雪荷派が本流とする見解もある。
- Although this is the legitimate system of the Yoshida family, there are also opinions that technically, it is mainly a Sekka school.
- 技法は、和紙に原寸大写真をコロタイプ印刷したものに彩色していくものである。
- The technique used in this reproduction was to color the washi collotyped the full-scale photographs.
- 1992年(平成4年)- 「働きがいと技能尊重に関する有識者懇談会」を設置
- 1992: The 'Advisory Panel of Well-informed Independent Personalities on Job Satisfaction and Respect for Skills' was set up
- また、「逆はじき」「摺り手」「撥消し」などの特殊な技法もしばしば使われる。
- Additionally, special techniques such as 'gyakuhajiki,' 'surite' and 'bachi keshi' are sometimes used.
- - 福山市にある日本ゲタ飛ばし協会が、上記の占いを発展させて競技化している。
- The Japan Geta-Tobashi Association (JGTA) in Fukuyama City developed the above method of forecast to the competition.
- 酒部は部署の名称だけでなく、今日の杜氏(とうじ)にあたる醸造技術者をも指す。
- Sakabe was not only a name of a department but also an expert of brewing which corresponds to today's toji (a sake brewer).
- 藩の威信を掛けた競技の為、弓、矢、弽(ゆがけ)の改良、開発が盛んに行われた。
- The modifications of bows, arrows, and yugake were frequently made for the tournament for the honor and dignity of han (domain).
- 柔道とは異なり、対武器の技法と腕に対する関節技や投げを中心とした武道である。
- Different from judo, aikido is the martial art that centers on the techniques of counter-weapon, arm joint locking, and throwing.
- 伝統的な臼と杵を使用した餅つきを表す修辞技法はペッタン、あるいはペッタンコ。
- A rhetorical technique to express traditional mochi-pounding which uses a pestle and a mortar is pettan or pettanko.
- 後に皇室技芸員となる、月山貞一も得意の彫りで一竿子忠綱をはじめ偽銘を行った。
- Sadakazu GASSAN who later became a member of Imperial Household Performance Art also inscribed Gimei including Ikkanshi Tadatsuna, with excellent skills.
- 各競技者は順々に同じ的に矢を一本ずつ放ち、矢が的の中心に近い者が上位となる。
- Each competitor shoots an arrow at the same target in turn, and the one who hits an arrow closer to the center of the target will be ranked higher.
- 日本独自のからくりのルーツは室町時代に入ってきた西洋技術に寄るところが多い。
- Although karakuri is unique to Japan, its origin owed much to Western techniques that were introduced into Japan in the Muromachi period.
- 辻ヶ花(つじがはな)とは、室町時代から桃山時代にかけて現れた絞り染めの技法。
- Tsujigahana is a Japanese tie-dyeing technique, which was devised around from the Muromachi period to the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
- しかし、禅宗様の建築であることから、技巧的な遊びと考えた方が妥当と思われる。
- However, it seems to be appropriate to deem a komochi shoji as a technically accomplished ornament rather than a necessity because it was created with an architectural technique of the Zen sect temple style.
- 建物は1階が体験展示施設で、2階は資料展示・競技かるた用の広間となっている。
- Its first floor is for hands-on exhibitions; the second floor exhibits written materials and has a large room for Karuta game competitions.
- これにより日光彫、紅葉塗、日光春慶塗などの漆器の製造技術、産業化が確立する。
- Thanks to his efforts, lacquer ware production techniques, such as Nikko carving, Momiji-nuri (lacquer ware with maple leaf patterns) and Nikko Shunkei-nuri (Shunkei-nuri (a technique of applying transparent urushi lacquer over wood grain so the natural wood pattern shows through and was reportedly invented by a 14c lacquer master named Shunkei) ware produced in Nikko), were established and lacquer ware production was commercialized.
- その後火葬技術が進歩したこともあり、近現代の日本では火葬が飛躍的に普及した。
- After that, along with the progress of cremation techniques, the practice of cremation became extensively widespread in modern and contemporary Japanese society,
- この武器は日本列島で大流行し、日本でも鍛造技術が駆使されたことは間違いない。
- The weapons were used widely throughout the Japanese archipelago, and it is certain that hammering technique was fully used to make them in Japan as well.
- 「スポーツ」を「格闘技」に置き換えても同じようなとらえ方がそれぞれ存在する。
- Even if the 'sport' is replaced with 'kakutogi' (combat sports), there is a view that regards them as the same.
- スクナヒコナは国土創造神であり実は薬作り酒造りなどの化学技術の創造神であった。
- Sukunahikona, though he was a god who created the nation, he, in fact, was also a creator of chemical technology such as sake brewing and medicine making.
- 芸道(げいどう)は、芸能・技芸を日本独自のかたちで体系化したもののことを指す。
- Geido refers to the performance of arts and handicrafts in a systematized way that is uniquely Japanese.
- 大相撲、プロ野球、高校野球、日本プロサッカーリーグ、格闘技(プロレス・K-1)
- Grand sumo tournament, professional baseball games, high-school baseball, Japan Professional Football League, and combative sport (professional wrestling, K-1)
- 作風は精緻で端正かつ理知的、気品と風格があり、高度な技術が要求される曲が多い。
- The style is elaborate, neat, intellective, elegant, stately and often needs virtuosity.
- 技は体術・武器術(剣術・杖術)を含み、対多人数の場合も想定した総合武術である。
- The techniques include taijutsu, the art of weaponry (swordplay, Jojutsu), and is a comprehensive martial art assuming cases of multiple opponents.
- (→“技の形態”、“合気と呼吸力”、“「護身術」としての有効性に関する議論”)
- (-> 'Forms of techniques,' 'Aiki and breath power,' 'Debate on its effectiveness as an 'art of self-defense'')
- 合気道の技は相手の攻撃に対して投げ技・もしくは固め技にて応じるのが基本である。
- The fundamental principle of aikido technique is to respond to the opponent's attack with throws or by grappling.
- 武術(日本)界において、「柔術」を組み技・組み討ち技の意として使うことがある。
- In the Japanese martial arts' community, the term 'jujutsu' is sometimes inaccurately used to mean kumi-waza or kumiuchi-waza.
- (但し、2005年より千葉県ライフル射場で開催される競技会に限って行っている)
- (However, it has been held only during competition at the Chiba Prefecture Shooting Range.)
- そのため少量の炭で要領よく色や味を抜く炭掛け(すみがけ)の技術が発達していた。
- Therefore, a technique of sumigake, which was taking colors and tastes with small amount of charcoal efficiently, was developed.
- 弓術(きゅうじゅつ)は、弓 (武器)を用いて矢で的を射る技術、武術、技法の事。
- The term Kyujutsu refers to a technique or a martial art to put an arrow in the target from a bow (weapon).
- またこの美的性質は子方の演技においても稀に感得されることがあると指摘している。
- Moreover, he pointed out this aesthetic character is also felt occasionally in the performing techniques of the Noh players.
- この時期、徳川幕府による天下普請を媒介もあり、近世の築城技術が全国に広まった。
- In those days, the modern fortification technique was spread nationwide with the help of Tokugawa shogunate's tenka fushin (nation wide constructions).
- 明治時代以降に建立された住宅で、伝統的様式・技法を用いたものもこれに含まれる。
- The residential houses that have been built since the Meiji Period using traditional designs and construction methods are also included in this type of dwelling.
- 下絵の転写後、彩色のうえ、輪郭線を弁柄で書き起こすという技法で制作されている。
- The mural was created by the method that the outlines were drawn in Bengal red after copying a sketch and colored on the wall.
- 工事中のトンネル内(山師) - 現在は女性技術者もおり、問題となることはない。
- In the tunnel under construction (Yamashi): Currently, female technicians are able to work without problems.
- 撥の開きも大きいこともあり、撥先が鋭く、弾力性も増して細かな技巧に適している。
- Because the plectrum has a large spread, the tip is sharp and has extra flexibility, and it is suitable for fine techniques.
- ここに来て、地歌はもはやこれ以上進む余地がないほど三味線の技巧の極致に達した。
- At this time jiuta reached the point in shamisen technique where no further improvement could be made.
- そして三味線の技巧に対応させるため、箏の爪の形状が大きく変えられることとなる。
- The shape of the koto pick was then changed substantially to accommodate shamisen techniques.
- 家元というシステムの根幹の一つに秘技秘伝を相伝することによる家芸の独占化がある。
- One of the core elements of the Iemoto system is the monopolization of iegei through the hereditary succession of secret techniques.
- 手裏剣術では、片手に刀を持っていることを前提にして逆の手で手裏剣を打つ技もある。
- In the shuriken (a small throwing blade) art, they have a technique to keep a sword in one hand and throw shuriken with the other hand.
- 自然に起こるものだが、盆栽では彫刻刀などで削り人為的に作り出すという技法がある。
- This happens in nature, however in bonsai there is a technique of creating this effect artificially by peeling with a chisel or other such tool.
- 競技の際に看的をする者が詰めたり、的や安土を整備するための道具を収納したりする。
- It is used by a person who does kanteki (to check if an arrow hits the mato) to stay during a competition, and also used for storage of tools for maintaining the mato or the azuchi.
- 濁りを漉しとるだけならば、布、炭、砂などで濾過する原始的技術があったからである。
- It is because there was a primitive filtering technique with cloth, carbon, sand and so on, if only for filtering turbidity.
- 技統を継がせる一番弟子だけにかろうじて語られる門外不出、一子相伝の代物であった。
- It was a technique which was taught only to the first disciple who succeeded him and never allowed to be taken out of the house, or the one handed down from father to his son.
- 狩野派や円山派といった他の江戸時代の流派は、模写を通じて直接師から画技を学んだ。
- Pupils of other schools in the Edo period such as the Kano school and the Maruyama school learned painting technique directly from their teachers by copying their works.
- 大陸では狩りには欠かせない技術であるため、騎馬民族にこれを得意とするものが多い。
- As this technique was necessary to hunt and live, many horse-based societies were good at doing kisha on the continent.
- 大半の流派で小脇差や鉄扇や十手等を使った当身技や、その他隠し武器術を伝えている。
- Atcually, most schools of jujutsu have handed down various techniques, such as the atemi-waza which uses a very short sword, an iron fan, or a short truncheon with hook, and the techniques handling secret or disguised weapons.
- しかしながら、吉沢は胡弓に独自の旋律を与え、非常に技巧的な作曲、編曲をしている。
- However, Yoshizawa gave independent melodies to Kokyu, arranging and composing highly technical pieces of music.
- どういう人達に需要があり、なぜ高い技術が要求されたか、今後の研究課題ともいえる。
- It may be a future research issue that by what kind of people it was wanted or why the high technique was required.
- その後印刷技術の発達と町人文化の興隆を背景に、江戸時代に戯画や浮世絵が生まれた。
- Then, caricatures and ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints) grew out in the Edo period against the backdrop of the development of printing techniques and the flowering of townsmen culture.
- 今後は日本において截金の技術をどのように継承発展させていくかが大きな課題である。
- Hereafter, how to inherit and develop the kirikane technique in Japan is a big problem.
- 今日の弓道に繋がる弓術は技術、道具共に江戸時代に大成したと言っても過言ではない。
- It's not an exaggeration to say that Kyujutsu, that led to today's Kyudo, was completed in the Edo Period both for technique and equipment.
- 正倉院宝物の金銀鈿荘唐大刀に見られる「末金鏤」という技法も研出蒔絵の一種である。
- The makkinru technique, used in the Shosoin treasure Kingindenso no karatachi, is a type of togidashi makie technique.
- 伝統的な職人の技術をベースに洋風要素を採り入れたこれらのものを擬洋風建築と呼ぶ。
- The western-style buildings that Japanese craftsmen built based on their traditional techniques are called Gi-yofu-kenchiku (literally, 'quasi-western-style buildings').
- また日光東照宮などに見るように、元禄期の社寺建築技術の隆盛が各地に影響を与えた。
- These butsudan around the country were greatly influenced by such blooming technologies of construction of temples and shrines in the Genroku era as were seen in Nikko Tosho-gu Shrines.
- 弥生時代の四隅突出型墳墓は、すでに古墳時代に作られる技術が多様に用いられている。
- A wealth of techniques already developed in the Kofun period is used in the tombs in Yayoi period which are covered with a heap of earth, whose four corners are protruding outward.
- 一般的には淡色で赤い色調のものが良いとされ、製造/管理的に高度な技術が必要である。
- Generally, the soy-sauce in light reddish color is considered good, and high technology from the manufactural side and managerial side is required to produce such soy-sauce.
- 16世紀(1500年代)半ばには蒸留の技術が九州に伝えられ、焼酎が造られはじめた。
- In the middle of the 16th century (1500s), a distillation technology was introduced to Kyushu region and shochu began to be produced.
- 緑に着色したおがくずを積んで山を、天幕を重ねて空を表現するなど様々な技巧を凝らす。
- Various techniques are used to reproduce the scenes, including green-colored sawdust formed in the shape of mountains, or a layered canopy representing the sky.
- そのためか群馬県の柔術尚武館は当身技を主としていたことから「空手」に名称を変えた。
- Perhaps this misunderstanding might have 'Jujutsu Shobu-kan' (The jujutsu hall respecting the martial spirit) in Gunma Prefecture, which centered the practices on 'atemi-waza' (body-striking techniques), change its name into 'Karate Shobu-kan.'
- 飛鳥時代以来の仏師を中心とした技術者たちは、仏工(ぶっこう)として造仏所に属した。
- Engineers, most of them were busshi since the Asuka period belonged to zobutsusho as 'bukko' (sculptors of Buddhist statues and altar fittings).
- 唐菓子(とうがし)は、奈良時代に唐(中国)から伝来した一連の菓子とその技術を言う。
- Togashi refers to a series of cakes and the technique used to make them that were introduced from Tang (China) in the Nara period.
- からくり人形と現代のロボットに技術的な繋がりは無いが、文化的な繋がりは少なくない。
- Between the Edo karakuri ningyo and the present robot, there exists no technical link, but not a few cultural links do exist.
- 江戸時代中期には、輪違い大根に代表される「見立て」という飾り包丁の技法が発達した。
- In the middle of the Edo period, the technique of using kitchen knives, called 'mitate,' to make foodstuffs look like other things, as typically seen in daikon chains, developed.
- 近世以降は東西両本願寺の庇護のもとで限られた人にのみ伝承される技になってしまった。
- In the early-modern times and later, kirikane became a technique that was inherited among a limited number of persons under the support of Higashi (eastern) Hongan-ji Temple and Nishi (western) Hongan-ji Temple.
- 神社に社殿を建てたときに、過去の技法と様式を復古的に採用した可能性が強いのである。
- This is because it is likely that traditional techniques and styles, which were archaic in those days, were adopted in a revivalist manner when the pavillions were built as shrines.
- また、中・下層の武士の住まいも農家と同様の技法が用いられているものは民家に含める。
- Houses for middle or lower ranked samurai are also minka if they were built in the same manner as noka.
- 若年時に出家し、園城寺にて天台仏教・密教を修めながら、画技にも長じるようになった。
- He became a priest in his youth and while studying Tendai Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism at Onjo-ji Temple, he also came to excel in painting.
- 城塞の技術は、15世紀 - 16世紀の火薬、大砲、銃の活躍によって大きく変化した。
- Fortress construction technology changed greatly with the advance of explosives, cannons and guns in the fifteenth to sixteenth centuries.
- 確かに当初の技芸員は、日本美術協会の重鎮が年功序列で任命を受けるという傾向にあった。
- At first, there was a tendency to appoint authorities of Japan Art Association as Gigeiin in order of seniority.
- これ以外に、小太刀術の技法を応用した護身術・スポーツとしてスポーツチャンバラがある。
- Besides, self-defense arts or sports using techniques of kodachijutu include Sports Chanbara.
- 防染処理を施さないため、色滲みが避けられず迅速な筆捌きを要求される高度な技法である。
- It is a highly-skilled technique requiring quick brush strokes because running of colors is inevitable as the resisting process is not performed.
- 手近な投擲物で代用できるその技術は、現代においても護身の目的で使用し得るものである。
- Since it is a technique where an object at hand can be substituted for toteki (throwing), it can be used today for self-defense.
- これは蹴り技など用いていたと推測され、現代の大相撲・新相撲などとは異なるものである。
- From this description it can be guessed that kicking techniques were also used in sumai, which is different from Ozumo (grand sumo tournament), Shinzumo (new sumo wrestling), and so on in the present age.
- 戦国時代 (日本)の剣術(兵法)は、戦場での総合的な戦闘技術を包括したものであった。
- Kenjutsu (art of warfare) in the Sengoku period (Japan) integrated various combat skills on the battlefields.
- 遠的競技で用いる的は、主に台の上に設置した円形の畳に的紙を貼り付けたものを使用する。
- A typical mato used in enteki (long-distance shooting) competitions is a circular tatami (straw mat) settled on a platform with a matogami attached on it.
- 打毬(だきゅう、うちまり)は、日本でかつておこなわれた、ポロに似た競技、遊戯である。
- Dakyu, also known as Uchimari (Japanese polo) is an athletic sport or a game similar to polo, once played in Japan.
- そのように、調理技術は未発達で、貴族達は食べる料理に自ら塩や酢などで調味をしていた。
- In this way, cooking methods did not develop well and nobles seasoned their dishes with salt and/or vinegar by themselves.
- 平安時代には弓術流派が興り、各種流派にはそれぞれに独自の技術・教え・作法が存在した。
- In the Heian Period some schools of Kyujutsu were founded and each school had their own technique, lesson style, and mannerisms.
- 唐紙師は、漉き上がったかみにさまざまな技法を用いて紋様絵付けを摺る職人のことである。
- The 'kami-shi' refers to a craftsman who prints patterns on newly made paper by using various techniques.
- 庭園がこの蘇我氏によってつくられたことは、庭園の技術も百済より伝来したと想像させる。
- When considering that the garden was made by the Soga family, it is easy to imagine that gardening technique also originated from Kudara.
- 一般に近畿地方方面が経済的先進地域であり、民家にも技術的、意匠的に優れたものが多い。
- Since the Kinki region historically used to be more economically developed than other areas of Japan, there are many minka that were technologically advanced with excellent designs.
- 「この味にしてこの原料米」というのは、逆に杜氏の技量を評価する一つの尺度ですらある。
- This taste from this rice material' is a measure for evaluating the chief sake brewer's capability.
- 高品質の醤油を製造するためには高い醸造技術・醸造管理・衛生管理・保存管理が必要となる。
- High brewing technology, brewing control, hygiene control, and maintenance management are required to produce high-quality soy-sauce.
- ありとあらゆる分野が日本の影響を受けたが、版画の技術だけは驚くほど影響を受けなかった。
- Every artistic field was influenced by Japan with the surprising exception of printing which remained unaffected.
- 明治時代以後、ヨーロッパの建築様式・技術が伝えられ、日本の建築も大きく変わっていった。
- After the Meiji period, an architectural style and technique imported from Europe changed Japanese architecture drastically.
- 近的(きんてき)は、全日本弓道連盟弓道競技規則によって定められた、弓道競技種目の一種。
- Kinteki (the regular close-ranged shooting) is one of the kyudo (Japanese art of archery) events established by the Rules of All Nippon Kyudo Federation.
- 遠的(えんてき)は、全日本弓道連盟弓道競技規則によって定められた、弓道競技種目の一種。
- Enteki (the long-distance shooting) is one of the kyudo (Japanese art of archery) events established by the Rules of All Nippon Kyudo Federation.
- 上質なほうじ茶は、甘く独特の心地良い香りを持ち、その焙煎には高度な技術が必要とされる。
- High quality hojicha has a unique sweet and soothing aroma, and leaf roasting requires considerable skill.
- 「囃子方」の中には更に「笛方」「小鼓方」「大鼓方」「太鼓方」の4種類の技能集団がある。
- Hayashikata' includes the following four types of technical groups: 'Fuekata' (flute player), 'Kotsuzumikata' (shoulder-drum player), 'Otsuzumikata' (hip-drum player), and 'Taikokata' (stick-drum player).
- 「合気」と「呼吸力」は合気道技法の原理であると同時に、合気道の重要な理念とされる概念。
- Aiki' and 'breath power' are elements of aikido techniques as well as concepts that are important principles of aikido.
- または、射幸心を伴う遊技(ゲーム)として射的やくじ引などを提供する街商(がいしょう)。
- It also refers to stallholders who provide gambling activities such as shooting or a lottery as game.
- 江戸小紋の技法に「型友禅」の技術を応用して、独特の趣向を打ち出したものが京小紋である。
- A technique of Edo-komon (fine patterns used in Edo) applied with the technique of 'kata-yuzen' to project a unique taste is Kyo-komon (fine patterns used in Kyoto).
- 明治時代には、広瀬治助が捺染の技法を用いた「型紙友禅」を考案し、友禅染の裾野を広げた。
- In Meiji Period, Jisuke HIROSE invented 'Katagami Yuzen' (Yuzen-style printed silk using cutting paper patterns) employing a printing technique, which broadened the popularity of yuzen.
- また継承者が「危険な古流の技術はもう必要ない世の中になった」とし指導を辞める例もある。
- And some successors stop teaching the koryu jujutsu, saying the world does not need its dangerous techniques any more.
- 日本国内では日本ライフル射撃協会傘下に日本前装銃射撃連盟があり、競技が行なわれている。
- In Japan there is Muzzle Loaders' Shooting Association of Japan under National Rifle Association of Japan, and a target shooting competition is held.
- 型(形)を行う際に仕掛けてくる打太刀を倒す側の技または(技を披露する)人物を意味する。
- It refers to the techniques, or the person showing them, to counterattack the 'Uchitachi' (attacks), when performing Kata (forms).
- また、日本料理の基本的調理技術に欠けるので、料理の質の低下を招き、衛生上の懸念もある。
- Moreover, the deficiency of the basic cooking technique peculiar to the Japanese foods not only brings the deterioration in the quality of foods, but also raises concerns over food safety.
- 1996年のJリーグ昇格以降、ホームゲームはほぼすべて西京極陸上競技場で行われている。
- Since 1996 when the team was promoted to the J. League, it has played almost all home games in Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium.
- 禅宗の僧が食べていた精進料理が本格的に流入し、がんもどきなどの食品加工技術が伝わった。
- Shojin ryori dishes (vegetarian dishes) eaten by Zen priests came to be eaten by the general public, and food-processing techniques, such as, producing ganmodoki (deep-fried tofu mixed with thinly sliced vegetables), were brought to Japan.
- 麺類の種物等に使われるが、美しく見栄えのする華を咲かせるには、熟練した技が必要になる。
- Tempura is served with noodles as Tanemono (topping for noodles), and it requires a practiced skill to make the coating fluffy and distinguished-looking.
- 下絵を壁面に転写するには念紙法、押圧線引法という2つの技法が使われたと推定されている。
- It is estimated that the sketches traced to the wall surface by the two methods such as Nenshiho (the carbon paper method) and Oatsu Senbikiho (a transcription method by pressing).
- 安土城以降は、土木技術の発達と相まって、大規模な石垣建造物が西日本に数多く建設された。
- After Azuchi-jo Castle had been built, many large stone wall structures were built in western Japan as civil engineering technology developed.
- 具体的には、栽培技術の指導が施されたり、地方自治体から助成金・補助金などが給付される。
- More specifically, guidance for cultivation technique is given, or grants, subsidies and so on are provided by the municipality.
- 特に各種の専門的な学問・教養・技術などを社会のなかで実際に役立ててゆくための才能や手腕。
- In particular, the ability and competence to make actual use of various types of specialist knowledge, education, and skills in society.
- また浮世絵は版画の技法で複数の職人により原画から版が作られ多くの数が刷られるものである。
- Also, an ukiyo-e printing involves a number of craftsmen who utilize the technique of woodblock printing to make printing blocks based on the original picture, and this makes ukiyo-e mass-produced.
- すでに当時、先輩音楽家たちにより地歌三味線音楽の作曲や演奏技巧の開発が頂点に達していた。
- In those days, the composition of jiuta shamisen music and the finesse of performance had already been culminated by his senior associates.
- 合気道の稽古は、技を左右同じ動きで同回数繰り返すため、左右の身体の歪みを取る効果がある。
- Training in aikido repeats techniques using the same movements for the left and right, repeating them the same number of times, so it effectively resolves distortion between the left and right sides of the body.
- しかし人工孵化と孵化直後養殖技術はいまだ莫大な費用がかかり成功率も低いため研究中である。
- However, artificial incubation and aqua farming technologies immediately after hatching are still extremely costly and the success rate is low, and they are still being researched.
- また、大工のための作図技術である規矩術は幕末期より和算の応用によって理論的に整備された。
- Wasan was also applied to kiku-jutsu, which is a drafting technique for carpenters, in order to re-organize its theoretical aspects during the end of Edo period.
- また、能楽協会会員のうち一定の技量を認められた者で構成される、社団法人日本能楽会がある。
- There is also the Association for Japanese Noh Plays, which organized by the members of the Nohgaku Performers' Association who are acknowledged to have a certain level of ability.
- 競技規則ではセンチメートル単位で定められているが、「尺二(的)」との呼称も一般的である。
- Although the competition rules specify the size in a centimeter unit, it is also generally called 'shaku-ni' (also referred as 'shaku-ni mato,' which stands for mato in one shaku and two sun).
- そのため技術的な難易度が高いが、格式としては流鏑馬より略式となり、余興的意味合いが強い。
- Because Kasagake targets are more diverse, Kasagake is more difficult; however, it is less formalized than Yabusame and more entertaining.
- 製氷する技術が無かった時代には、冬場にできた天然の氷を溶けないように保管する必要がある。
- It was necessary to keep winter ice so that it would not melt in the age when no technology for generating ice was known.
- また桃山後期から江戸初期当時の作事(建築)の技を現代に伝える代表的な城郭と言われている。
- Himeji-jo Castle is said to be the representative castle that passes along the construction techniques of the period between the late Momoyama Period and early Edo Period to the present day.
- しかしこれは終戦直後の技術が劣っていたこと、アルミの純度が低かったためと考えられている。
- However, this is thought to have occurred because the technology available after the end of the war was inferior and the purity of the aluminum was low.
- また曲によっては3オクターヴ以上の音域を駆使するなど、色々な三味線の技巧が発達している。
- Furthermore, depending on the piece, various shamisen techniques are employed, such as tonal ranges exceeding three octaves.
- この背景には、豊富な木材と、湿度の高い気候、木の性質をよく知った技術者の存在などがあった。
- The backgrounds of such housings were abundant woods, a humid climate, and the existence of engineers acquainted with the nature of wood.
- 型破りで非常に長大な曲が多く、ことに器楽部である「手事」が長く複雑で、かつ難技巧を極める。
- Many of his songs were unconventional and very long and in particular the instrumental parts 'tegoto' were long, complicated and extremely difficult to play.
- 直接柔術と関連がないが、柔道で廃れていった当身技の稽古のために生まれたのが日本拳法である。
- Though not directly related to jujutsu, Nippon Kempo was established for the training of body-striking techniques, which went out of use in judo.
- 逆に、講道館は寝技で不遷流柔術などに何度も負けたため寝技を研究することとなったこともある。
- And occasionally, people on the side of Kodokan judo learned newaza (ground grappling techniques), because Kodokan judo was defeated by Fusen-ryu jujutsu (Fusen school of jujutsu) and others several times with newaza.
- 携行、殺傷力、投擲音のなさなど車剣の欠点を克服しているが、より高度な投擲技術が必要である。
- It overcomes the weaknesses of kurumaken such as regarding portability, the power to kill and wound, and the sound when thrown, but requires a more advanced toteki skill.
- 出来上がった生地は染色技術の発達により二次加工され、いままでにない友禅文様が可能になった。
- The finished silk textile was further processed by the developed Yuzen dyeing technique, which could create new patterns.
- また、現在の剣道とは異なり、足払いや投げ技や抑え込んでの防具の面の剥ぎ取りも有効であった。
- Unlike contemporary Kendo, the skills of ashibarai (foot sweep), nagewaza (throwing technique) and taking off the face protector by holding down an opponent were allowed to be used.
- 手打ち蕎麦を製麺する専門的な技術を習得した者を蕎麦職人(そばしょくにん)と呼ぶことがある。
- Persons who have mastered professional skills to make soba by hand are sometimes referred to as soba chefs.
- 現在、唯一客観的な書道の技量判定基準を持つ資格として、文部科学省後援の毛筆書写検定がある。
- At present, Brush Examinations supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology are the only objective qualification criteria to determine Shodo skills.
- 「尾上菊五郎劇団」を率いて江戸歌舞伎の世話物を今に伝えるなど、演技以外の活動も盛んである。
- Apart from acting, he also commits himself to activities such as laeding 'Kikugoro ONOE theatrical company' to pass down Sewamono of 'Edo Kabuki' (kabuki of old Tokyo).
- 11代一閑は10代の意思を引き継ぎ、またその技術は「名人」とまで言われ、中興の人とされる。
- The 11th Ikkan took over the 10th Ikkan's intention, and achieved mastery of the craft and his skills was called 'master' and said to be the reviver.
- 技法が急速度で廃れたことと、名の由来が定説を持たないことから、幻の染物と呼ばれる事も多い。
- Tsujigahana is often called a phantom dyeing technique, because it rapidly went into decline and because it has no established theory about its name origin.
- 科学技術関係では平賀源内のエレキテル、初期の天体望遠鏡、天球儀、モールス電信機などがある。
- For historical resources related to science and technology, there are the electrical works of Gennai HIRAGA, an early astronomical telescope, a celestial globe, a Morse telegraphic instrument, etc.
- また衣に「華を咲かせる」と呼ばれ、衣を大きく見せ、よりサクッとした食感にさせる技法がある。
- A chef should be able 'to make the coating fluffy and in full bloom,' and there is a technique to make the coating look bigger and have a tasty crispy texture.
- 密封の技術が発達した現在でも香ばしい風味が好まれ、茶漬けの標準的な具として入れられている。
- Even though that sealing technology has now advanced it is still the norm to add it to ochazuke as the fragrant flavor is popular.
- 当時の国力・技術をもってすれば、神宮も現在にも残る建物にすることは可能であったと思われる。
- Considering the national strength and the level of technological development at that time it would have been possible to build Jingu structures that survived to date.
- 国が主催となって開催された建築コンペ(建築設計競技)で、195点の応募作品から選考された。
- The design of this building was selected from 195 competing designs in the Kenchiku Konpe (an architecture design competition) hosted by the nation.
- 同県農業技術センターにて山田錦/ヒノヒカリを交配、1998年選抜固定、2002年品種登録。
- Kochi Agricultural Research Center cross-fertilized Yamada nishiki/Hinohikari and its selection was fixed in 1998; in 2002 the variety was registered.
- また、ブラックバスやブルーギルを使用し、鮒寿司と同じ技法で熟れ寿司を作る試みもなされている。
- Additionally, some attempts have been made to make the fermented sushi with black bass or blue gill based on the similar recipe as that for funa-zushi.
- 現在の国民体育大会弓道競技は、的中制近的競技と、得点制遠的競技 (60m) の二種から成る。
- In today's National Sports Festival, there are two types of kyudo games, tekichu-sei kinteki (the regular close-ranged shooting) and tokuten-sei enteki (60m).
- In today's National Sports Festival, there are two types of kyudo games, tekichu-sei kinteki and tokuten-sei enteki (the shooting for long distance on 60m).
- いずれにしても多くの場合、手事は楽器の技巧や旋律の面白さを聴かせることに主眼がおかれている。
- At any rate, in most cases tegoto focuses on instrumental techniques and on melodic appeal.
- これらの技術は歴史的に数多くの流派を生み出してきたが、現在までに廃絶した流派も存在している。
- Historically, these techniques produced many schools, but there are schools that are extinct today.
- 技術的には、合気道を大東流合気柔術の一会派とみなして、大東流合気柔術植芝伝と呼ぶ向きもある。
- Technically, some refer to Aikido as Daito-ryu Aiki Jujutsu, or the Ueshiba method, viewing it as one faction of Daito-ryu Aiki Jujutsu.
- 合戦のための武芸である組討や、人を捕らえるための捕手などと呼ばれた武技がすでに行われていた。
- There already existed some martial arts, such as 'kumiuchi' (grappling) used for a battle, and 'torite' (catching hand) used for capturing a person.
- また木版技術の向上が大量の団扇絵生産を可能にし、一般大衆の手にその美がゆき届くようになった。
- In addition, advancement of the wood-block printing technology enabled mass production of fan painting, with the result that even ordinary people could enjoy the beauty.
- 試合を行わない合気道では、各自の技量の向上と世間一般への普及を目的として演武会が開催される。
- In aikido, for which matches aren't held, enbukai is held to improve individual skills and promote it to the general public.
- 近年のCQCを重視する各国の軍用格闘技に柔術の技が採り入れられていることもある(サンボ等)。
- In some countries where close quarters combat (CQC) has been stressed on recently, the techniques of jujutsu are introduced into their own military combat sports, such as Sambo.
- 日本の手裏剣術の場合、「直打法」が最も基本的な打剣方法だが、世界的にみれば特異な技術である。
- Among Japanese shuriken techniques, the 'chokudaho' is the most basic way of daken, but it is a unique technique from an international standpoint.
- 幕末・明治初めの技術官僚小野友五郎も和算家であり、咸臨丸の航路の計算には和算を用いたという。
- Tomogoro ONO, a technician and a bureaucrat from the end of Edo period to the beginning of the Meiji period, was also a wasan mathematician, and it is said that he applied wasan for calculating the shipping route of Kanrin Maru (the first Japanese ship ever to cross the Pacific).
- 台詞と地のつけ具合や役者のしぐさに合わせて語るなど文楽の場合とは多少の技術的な違いが生じる。
- In Kabuki, Tayu are required to use techniques that slightly differ from those adopted in Bunraku, such as the harmonization of musical narratives and actors' dialogues and the deployment of narratives well-coordinated with actors' gestures.
- 「保持団体認定」の例としては、輪島塗技術保存会、本場結城紬保存会、本美濃紙保存会などがある。
- The examples of 'holder group recognition' include Wajimanuri Gjutsu Hozonkai (Wajima-nuri Technique Preservation Society), 'Honba Yukitsumugi Hozonkai' (Preservation Association for Yuki silk fabric) and Hon Minogami Hozonkai (Hon Mino Paper Preservation Society).
- 一部の地方では、この褌祝の祭事は、子に性技の作法を伝える、性教育の儀式でもあったと言われる。
- In some regions the loincloth celebrations were used to hand down gender specific etiquette and it said were at times a form of sex education.
- 明治維新の後幕藩体制が崩壊、幕府、薩摩藩という庇護者を失った犬追物は技術保持が困難となった。
- After the Meiji Restoration and the demise of the feudal system characteristic of the shogunate, Inuoumono lost its patrons such as the bakufu and the Satsuma clan and become difficult to maintain its techniques.
- 特に平安後期の作は技量が平均的であり、しかも厄介なことに代があるため銘振りが一定していない。
- In particular, there is no difference in technique among the old swords created in the latter half of the Heian period, and the way of inscribing is not consistent due to the existence of generations.
- 日本の漫画は普通「コマ・登場人物・背景・ふきだし・音喩・漫符・台詞・その他の技法」から成る。
- Japanese comics generally consist of 'frame, character, background, speech balloon, onomatopoeia, manpu (signs, symbols and characters used in manga to represent actions, emotions, etc.), dialogue and other techniques.'
- また「帝室技芸員」にも選ばれ、第1回の文化勲章を受章し、名実共に京都画壇の筆頭となっていく。
- He was selected as a 'Teishitsu Gigeiin' (selected artist by Imperial Household Ministry) and won the first Order of Culture and became the top of Kyoto painting circles both in name and reality.
- 髪型・印相・衣相やその他技法に大きな特徴があり、清凉寺式釈迦如来像の祖形として知られている。
- This statue characterizes distinctively in its hair, mudra and robe styles, and others, and is known as the original form of the Shaka Nyorai statue in the Seiryo-ji Temple style.
- 金銀粉の精製技術が未発達で、粉の粒子が荒かった平安時代までは、この技法が蒔絵の主流であった。
- Early on, up to the Heian period, when the gold and silver pulverizing technology was still in a primitive stage and incapable of producing fine powder, this was the standard technique.
- また材料も厳選されたものを素材に応じてあくぬきなどをしながら、味をひきだす技術が要求される。
- Also the techniques of bringing out the flavor is required by selecting ingredient carefully, cooking properly suited for each ingredient such as skimming the scum.
- 琵琶湖疏水には日本で初めての技術が多数取り入れられており、近代化遺産として非常に価値が高い。
- Because technology used for the first time in Japan was applied to many sections of Biwako Sosui,it is a very valuable marker on Japan's path to modernization.
- 格技の練習場は「格技場」であるが、地方自治体の体育館などでは「挌技場」という表記も見られる。
- The practice fields of kakugi are written as '格技場,' but in the gymnasiums of local governments they are also spelled as '挌技場.'
- 明治時代以降、海外の影響を受けて野球、テニス、ボート、陸上などの競技が学校を中心に導入された。
- After the Meiji period, games such as baseball, tennis, boat, field athletics etc. were mainly introduced in schools due to influences from foreign countries.
- さらに醪を酒袋に吊るして搾ったり、上澄みを採ったりという技術は、今日のものと同じといってよい。
- Moreover, it can be said that those techniques of juicing moromi (raw unrefined sake) by hanging in filtering cloths and skimming supernatant were the same as those of present.
- 柔術(じゅうじゅつ)は、日本古来の徒手あるいは短い武器による攻防の技法を中心とした武術である。
- Jujutsu is the name for traditional Japanese martial arts, which are centered on offense and defense techniques with no (or a small) weapon.
- 武者修行の流行とともに全国的に各流派の交流、試合が盛んになり、素手の乱捕用の技が作られ始めた。
- As the knight-errantry became popular, exchanges and matches between schools became active, and techniques for 'randori' (freestyle practice) done with bare hands began to be devised.
- 柔道や空手道等の現代武道だけでなく、各種スポーツ競技の普及により古流柔術は省みられなくなった。
- Few people take notice of koryu jujutsu, because various other sports' competitions become popular, including the modern martial arts, such as judo and karate (the traditional Japanese martial art mainly used for self-defense, whose basic techniques are 'uchi' [arm strikes], 'tsuki' [thrusts] and 'keri' [kicks]).
- 京都賞(きょうとしょう)とは、科学や技術、文化において著しい貢献をした人々に与えられる国際賞。
- The Kyoto Prize is the international award given to the people who made great contribution to science, technology and culture.
- 武士の道は弓馬の道とされ弓術、馬術が武士の必須の武芸であり、合戦での戦闘のための技芸であった。
- The way of samurai (warriors) was considered the way of kyuba (archery and equestrianism), and therefore, kyujutsu and bajutsu (Japanese horse-back technique) were the compulsory bugei (military arts) and the practical art for fighting in the battles.
- 1988年には三重県の水産技術センターと北里大学において別個に稚エビまでの飼育に成功している。
- In 1988 both the Fisheries Technology Center in Mie Prefecture and Kitasato University succeeded in cultivating Ise ebi until they reached the fry shrimp phase.
- この流の銃は独自の仕様により、近江国の国友丹波ならびにこの技術を受け継いだ鉄砲鍛冶に特注した。
- As the gun used by this school has unique specifications, special orders were placed with Kunitomo Tanba and the gun smiths who learned the techniques.
- 茶筅は数ある茶道具の中でも代替の効かないもので、技術の粋と精魂とを込めて作られる工芸品である。
- The chasen, among other tea utensils, cannot be replaced by anything, and making this artifact requires the best craftsmanship and all one's energy.
- 意識すること、とくに技を終えた後、力を緩めたりくつろいでいながらも注意を払っている状態を示す。
- It refers to consciousness, especially the state of being alert after a performance while the performer is loosening up and relaxing.
- しかしながら、現代になりその技法を伝えようとする人々が現れ、徐々にではあるが認知されつつある。
- However, the persons making efforts to hand the technique down to later generations have appeared recently, and its value has been becoming recognized, though little by little.
- 堂射とは江戸時代に京都三十三間堂、江戸三十三間堂、東大寺などで盛んに行われた通し矢競技の射術。
- Dosha is a Toshiya style of competitive sport shooting performed actively during the Edo Period at Sanjusangen-do in Kyoto, Edo Sanjusangen-do, Todai-ji Temple, etc.
- しかしながら当時はこのような大木を船に乗せる技術がなく、商人たちは輸送を躊躇する状況であった。
- However,in those days they did not have the art of loading such huge timbers onto a ship and merchants were hesitant about the transportation.
- 和食の華の1つと位置付けられることが多く、単純な調理方法ながら料理人の技術が端的に味に表れる。
- Tempura is often considered an appealing dish among Japanese foods, and chef's skill and technique are exactly reflected in the taste, although the cooking process is simple.
- さらに木版印刷の技術の蓄積により、江戸時代になって千代紙として庶民にも親しまれるようになった。
- In addition, accumulation of techniques for woodblock printing made it popular as a Japanese paper with colored figures among common people during the Edo period.
- 木版摺りには、この他に空摺り・利久紙(利休紙)摺り・月影摺り・蝋箋などの技法も使用されていた。
- For woodblock printing, other techniques such as empty printing (printing without using paint), Rikyu paper printing, tsukikage printing (moonlight printing) and rosen (waxed-like letter paper) were used.
- 陶板画は原画を撮影したポジフィルムを元に写真製版技術により陶製の板に転写し焼成したものである。
- Based on a positive film on which an original picture has been photographed, its porcelain panel painted version is generated by copying the photograph onto a ceramic plate using a photo-engraving technique and then by baking the plate.
- 保存技術の発達により、日本のどこでも新鮮な海産物が手に入る(日本は魚介類の消費が世界一である)。
- Thanks to development of preserving technique, fresh seafood is available in any place in Japan (Japan is the No. 1 consumer of fish and shellfish in the world).
- 戦国時代が終わってこれらの技術が発展し、禅の思想や中国の思想や医学などの影響も受けるようになる。
- After the Sengoku period (the Warring States period), the above-mentioned techniques developed, and they began to be influenced by the philosophy of 'Zen' (a sect of Buddhism, which emphasizes focusing one's mind), and by the Chinese philosophy and medical science.
- 飛鳥時代においては、仏像制作技術を持った血縁集団が存在しており、その長たる者を仏師と称していた。
- In the Asuka period, there were kin groups which had the skills of sculpting Buddhist statues, and the head of the family was called busshi.
- 決勝で順位を決定する際には射詰(各競技者が一本ずつ矢を放ち、失中者を除いていく方法)が行われる。
- When deciding the ranking in the final, the method called izume (a method where all competitors shoot an arrow each in a round, eliminating those who missed the target) is taken.
- 鰹節や昆布で出汁をとる技術が高度に発達し、砂糖の普及により、甘い和菓子が食べられるようになった。
- The technique to generate soup stock based upon dried bonito or konbu (a kind of kelp) progressed, and as sugar became used widely, sweet Japanese confectionery became available.
- 時代と共に技術、道具共に研鑽が重ねられ、また同時に諸流派それぞれに独自、或は相互に発展を遂げた。
- Over time, its technique and equipment had been improved and each school developed individually at the same time.
- その背景には、江戸期における織物技術の発達、将軍家をはじめとする為政者の潤沢な資金の流入がある。
- The underlying background is the development of fabric technology in the Edo Period, and the inflow of abundant capital from statesmen including the shogun's families.
- 万川集海、正忍記等の忍術書において情報収集のため相手方へ忍び込むための技術などが記述されている。
- Techniques to slip into the enemy camp to gather intelligence are described in Ninjutsu-sho (book of Ninjutsu) such as Mansei (or Bansei) Shukai and Shonin-ki.
- この時期に吉田重政の技を伝え聞いたとも、吉田家の祈願僧となって弓術修行に没頭したとも伝えられる。
- He heard about Shigemasa YOSHIDA's techniques and became the private prayer monk of the Yoshida family, and he was absorbed in archery training.
- デジタル映像技術や携帯端末などハイテク機器を使用した新しい百人一首の世界を体験することができる。
- One can experience the world of the new Hyakunin Isshu by using hi-tech digital imaging machines and portable consoles.
- 炒めや揚げといった中国風の調理技術には胡麻油が用いられ、日本では未発達であった油脂利用を広めた。
- As sesame oil was used in Chinese-style cooking techniques, such as sauteing and frying, the use of oil in cooking which had not been prevalent in Japan, was promoted.
- Although it was not common for Japanese people in those days to use oil in cooking, sesame oil was used for Chinese cooking such as stir-frying and deep-frying, popularizing the use of oil in Japan
- 互いに技術を磨きながら権力者と連携して勢力を争い、一族・門人によって流派が形成される程であった。
- In collaboration with a person in authority, they fought each other to gain influence, and in doing so they improved their skills in so many ways that their family members and/or disciples formed new schools.
- 活躍は仏像修理技師、仏像研究者、僧侶としてばかりでなく、 一般向けの仏像解説書の執筆にまで及ぶ。
- In addition to being a sculptor and repair specialist of Buddhist statues and Buddhist priest, he wrote guide books for Buddhist statues for general readers.
- オセロ (お笑い)」の中島知子は家族が詩吟の教室を開いており、特技が詩吟であることを公言している。
- The family of Tomoko NAKAJIMA in comic duo Osero opens shigin class and she openly says that she has a knack for shigin.
- 中川家は錺師(かざりし)とも言われ、金工の精巧な茶道具を得意とし、優れた金工の技術を継承してきた。
- Also referred to as kazarishi (the fine metal fabrication crafts worker) specialized in sophisticated metal tea utensils, the Nakagawa family has been passing their superb art in metal fabrication down for generations.
- 戦後も自衛隊格闘術や警察の逮捕術の技術に大きな影響を及ぼし、現在も機動隊などで研修が行われている。
- After the war, it greatly influenced the techniques of the combat skill of the Self-Defense Forces and taihojutsu (arresting art) of the police, and training continues today among riot police, etc.
- 厳しい塾の下宿から、貸本屋へ外出する方便として、「褌を外して袂へ忍ばせて置く」裏技を開陳している。
- There, he explained a trick on how to go out to a book-lending shop from a strictly controlled boarding house of a private school, and that was 'to hide my fundoshi loincloth inside of kimono's tamoto (a sleeve).'
- 握り寿司において飯(酢飯)の握り方は寿司職人の技術が最も発揮されるところであり、様々な技法がある。
- When making Nigiri-zushi, forming of bite-sized rice (vinegared rice) is the highlight for a sushi chef to show his technique, and there are various techniques.
- ただし銃砲刀剣類所持等取締法や火薬類取締法などに基づく各種規制があるため、競技人口は極めて少ない。
- However, as there are various regulations based on the Firearm and Sword Control Law or the Explosives Control Law and so on, the population of players is very small.
- 競技規則には的中制の標的として霞的と星的が規定されているが、一般・中高生では通常霞的が使用される。
- The competition rules designate kasumi-mato and hoshi-mato as the target types for tekichu-sei (which literally means 'accuracy system,' in which a decision is made based on the number of hits) games, but kasumi-mato is generally used among adults, junior high, and senior high school students.
- その他祭りで特別に選ばれた役柄を担う者や神事のなかで競技に勝ち残った者や神の依り代となった者など。
- In addition, those who are specially singled out for a certain role in a festival, those who have won a game in the course of a Shinto ritual or those who become yorishiro
- 竹原正文は昭和36年に武田流(細川流)騎射流鏑馬の技術保持者として熊本県無形文化財の指定を受けた。
- In 1961, Masafumi TAKEHARA was designated an intangible cultural property of Kumamoto Prefecture as a holder of Takeda-ryu (Hosokawa-ryu) Kisya-ryu Yabusame technique.
- 正月に行われていた弓の技を試す「射礼」(じゃらい)という行事に使われた弓矢に由来するとされている。
- The words 'Hamaya' and 'Hamayumi' are derived from the bow and arrow used in a New Year event called 'Jarai,' in which people pit their skills in Japanese archery against one another.
- 嵯峨天皇は鷹狩に関する漢詩を残しているほか、技術書として「新修鷹経」を編纂させている(818年)。
- Emperor Saga wrote Chinese-style poems on Taka-gari and wrote 'Shinshu-yokyo' edited as a book of techniques for falconry (818).
- 金粉や銀粉を蒔いた後に、器面全体に漆を塗りかぶせ、乾燥後に木炭で漆を研磨して下の蒔絵層を出す技法。
- After sprinkling gold or silver powder, lacquer is applied over the entire surface of the piece; when it is dried, the lacquer layer is polished down with a piece of charcoal to reveal the pattern of makie layer.
- 右側はフリーボードで陸上競技の各種記録やサッカー・ラグビーでは出場選手の表示などに利用されている。
- The right side of the board is the free board which is used for scores of athletic sports or for indicating competitors in soccer or rugby.
- こうした技術は、精進料理を必要とする寺院とその周辺の人々によって、研究・開発され、蓄積されてきた。
- These techniques were developed and accumulated by temples which required Shojin ryori, as well as by the nearby residents.
- また、衣などに繧繝彩色(うんげんさいしき、色彩の濃淡を細い色帯を並べて表す技法)が用いられている。
- In addition, the ungen saishiki (an art technique that thin bands with distinct colors are placed next to each other in order to give the impression of shading) is used to depict wearings and so on.
- 他にも、京都の石川勾当が「八重衣」「新青柳」など、非常に長大で複雑な技巧を尽くした曲を残している。
- Other than that, Koto Ishikawa of Kyoto left pieces such as 'Yaegoromo' (An Eight-Fold Garment) and 'Shin Aoyanagi' (New Green Willow), which were extremely long and required very complicated techniques.
- また、大手タイル・便所メーカーのINAXは、おから乾燥機「オカラット」を使用した再生技術を開発した。
- Leading tile and lavatory manufacturer, INAX has developed a reuse technology using an okara dryer called 'Okarat.'
- 競技用として、また空包用として使用されているものは国産火縄銃がほとんどで、すべて歴史遺物に限られる。
- Those used for competition or for firing blank cartridges are mostly domestically produced hinawaju and are limited to historical relics.
- 剣道も「しない競技」と名前を変え競技性をより重視するようになり、伝統的な剣術との違いが大きくなった。
- Kendo was renamed 'shinai game', its nature changed to a kind of sport and the difference from traditional Kenjutsu grew larger.
- 武徳会の目的の一つに剣道型・柔道型など技術の体系化があり、弓道もそれに習う形で射法統一が試みられた。
- One of the goals of Butoku-kai was a systematization of technique such as Kendo-gata (style of Kendo, Japanese art of fencing) and Judo-gata (style of Judo, Japanese art of self-defense), so, after that in Kyudo the integration of shooting styles was attempted.
- 武射系では、膝を着いて弓を引き、的(敵)を射る射術が基本であり、その他にも様々な体勢の技術が伝わる。
- The Busha groups basically adopted the style of shooting a target (enemy) by drawing their bow in a kneeling position, and transmitted other techniques of various styles.
- これらの地紙の技法と装飾加工を組み合わせたものが、いわゆる越前美術紙であり、漉き模様ふすま紙という。
- The so-called Echizen bijutsu-shi is combined with the technique of these basal papers and decorative processing, and also called suki-moyo fusuma-shi (pattern-including fusuma paper).
- このほかにも説があるが、いずれも越前で紙漉きの技術を習得して、名塩で紙漉きをはじめたという説である。
- There are other theories in that say he learned the technique of paper making and started production in Najio.
- 光の歴史や科学技術に関する展示のほか、全天周映像ホールではクイズなどを通じて来館者が体験参加できる。
- There are exhibits on the history and scientific technologies of light and also a full dome video projection hall where visitors are allowed to participate in and experience attractions through puzzles and so on.
- 試合・競技に強いからといって、武道が持つ技術体系を高レベルで習得しているとは限らないことにも表れる。
- We know that those who are competitive in the game or competition don't always acquire the system of high-level budo techniques.
- 地歌の楽曲全体をみれば、音楽的には三味線音楽の中でも技巧的であり、器楽的な特徴を持つ曲も少なくない。
- When all the musical compositions of jiuta are considered, they are the most technical pieces among shamisen music, and many pieces emphasize their the instrumental characteristics.
- また僧坊酒の発展から、奈良酒や天野酒などの、のちの摂泉十二郷の各流派の原型にあたる技法の違いも現れた。
- In addition, the developing Soboshu led to different techniques such as narazake (sake of Nara) and Amanosake (sake of Kongo-ji Temple on Mt. Amano), the original forms of each school of the later Sessen juni go (the 12 sake brewing districts in Settsu Province and Izumi Province shipping for Edo).
- この手法を実現するためには、より純度の高いアルコールに含まれる不純物を加水抽出する技術が必要であった。
- In order to implement this method, a hydrolytic extraction technique of impurities in purer alcohol was required.
- また、このブラジリアン柔術の特徴により、柔術=ブラジリアン柔術=寝技という認識になっていることも多い。
- So many people equate jujutsu with Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, and regard its main technique as 'newaza' (ground grappling techniques) for the nature of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.
- 現在ではどのようなルールで行われていたか不明であるが、真剣勝負の場合以外は当身技は除かれたようである。
- At present, what kind of rules the techniques had in those days is unclear, but 'atemi-waza' (body-striking techniques) seems to have been used only in a game played in earnest.
- この18の武技の内容は時代や集団により異なっているため一概には言えないが、概ね以下のものが挙げられる。
- The contents of these eighteen kinds of bugi were different from time to time or from group to group, so it is impossible to show a general list, but basically the following were included:
- その点については芸術や技術的なすべての分野について洋の東西を問わず、こうした現象は見られるものである。
- Such a trend can be observed in all fields of art and techniques in all countries.
- 最盛期に当たる桃山~江戸時代初期にかけては、複雑な縫い締め絞り・竹皮絞りなどの高度な技法が使用された。
- When at its peak from Azuchi-Momoyama period to the early Edo period, tsujigahana developed complex and high-level techniques, such as nuishime shibori (the technique that makes patterns on cloth by tying some parts of it with strings before putting it in a dye) and takekawa shibori (the technique that makes patterns on cloth by tying some parts of it with strings and bamboo peels before putting it in a dye).
- 芸道の残心と同じく、技を終えた瞬間に動作が終わるのではなく持続性(芸道でいうところの余韻)を持たせる。
- As in the zan-shin in geido, the movement does not end the moment the attack ends, but maintains continuousness ('yoin' (a lingering sound) in geido).
- また技と同時に終わって忘れてしまうのではなく、余韻を残すといった日本の美学や禅と関連する概念でもある。
- This also suggests that one should not forget about the performance which has been done, and should linger depth to the performance; this is a concept related to Japanese aesthetics and Zen.
- 染色技術の変遷とあいまって寛弘年間以降は四位以上は黒、五位は蘇芳、六位及び六位以下は縹の3色となった。
- With the changing method of dyeing, the Kanko era and later the three colors were decided, that is, for shii (forth-rank) or higher as black, the gou (fifth-rank) as dark red and rokui (sixth-rank) or lower as hanada (light blue).
- 漉き込み模様の表の層は、主として三椏や楮などの紙料で、流し込みなどのさまざまな技法で模様がつくられる。
- The surface layer into which patterns are put is made of mitsumata and kozo and its patterns incorporated by various techniques such as pouring.
- 火の見櫓、芝居小屋(劇場)の太鼓櫓など、また建物以外の物の構造や将棋の技などについては櫓を参照のこと。
- Refer to yagura for hinomi-yagura turret, taiko yagura (drum turret) of a playhouse (theater), non-architectural yagura, shogi (Japanese chess) technique, etc.
- 徒競走に、途中で大福を食べなければならないというルールを加えた競技であり、パン食い競走の大福版といえる。
- It is a daifuku version of the race for the bun, in which runners need to eat Daifuku.
- 二刀流(にとうりゅう)とは、両手(右手と左手)にそれぞれ刀もしくは剣を持って、攻守をおこなう技術の総称。
- The term 'nito-ryu' (two-sword fencing) is a general term for the technique of offense and defense with Japanese swords or other swords in both hands (left and right hands).
- それまでの演武とは盛平が演武することであって、未熟な者が人前でその技を披露することなど考えられなかった。
- Until then, enbu had been performed by Morihei, and it was inconceivable that an inexperienced performer would present techniques in public.
- 蕎麦店が江戸に誕生してから時間をおかず、蕎麦に関する技術が山形に伝わって定着し、常食されるようになった。
- Soon after soba restaurants emerged in Edo, the art of soba making was introduced into and was established in Yamagata whereby buckwheat noodles became part of the regular diet in that area.
- これは「打ち指」と呼ばれる伝統的演奏技法であり、祭囃子・神楽・獅子舞等の祭礼音楽において特に多用される。
- This is a traditional technique for playing the shinobue which is called 'uchiyubi' (lit. tapping finger), and it is often used in the music of rites and festivals such as matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music), kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine), and shishimai (lion dance).
- 近的競技で用いる的は、木製の細長い板を丸めてとめ、輪状にした「的枠」の一方に的紙を貼り付けたものである。
- A mato used in kinteki (regular close-range shooting) competitions consists of a 'matowaku,' which is a circular frame made by fixing a wooden strip, and a matogami (paper target face) attached on one side of the matowaku.
- その巧妙な利用の仕方は、技師たちを驚かすとともに、光瑞の意匠を凝らした思いと経費節減の意図がうかがえる。
- This ingenious method of use surprised engineers and reflects Kozui's efforts in design and his intent to cut costs.
- これはすなわち「今日のアルコール添加は柱焼酎にまで遡ることができる伝統的な技法である」とする立場である。
- This represents the viewpoint that 'today's alcohol addition is a traditional technology that can be traced back to hashira-jochu.'
- 擬洋風建築は外観に洋風デザインを採りいれているが、小屋組などの基礎構造は和風建築の技術が用いられている。
- Gi-yofu architecture outwardly employed Western-style designs but used traditional Japanese techniques in the basic structures such as in roof frameworks.
- 出土品のなかでも、金銅鞍金具は動物意匠などの精緻な透かし彫りをほどこした高度な金工技法を示すものである。
- Among these excavated articles, the gilt bronze saddle hardware has exquisite openwork animal designs that shows sophisticated metal work technique.
- 背景に金銀箔を用いたり、大胆な構図、型紙のパターンを用いた繰り返し、たらしこみの技法などに特色が見られる。
- The characteristics of the Rinpa school include the use of gold and silver leaves in the background, daring picture compositions, repetitions of stencil patterns and Tarashikomi technique (a technique that achieves shading through pooling successive layers of partially dried pigment).
- 現在で言う素麺の生産は江戸時代後期から始まったもので、播州から手練れの職人を招いて技術を学んだものである。
- Production of the presently-called somen started during the late Edo period by inviting veteran workmen from Banshu to learn their techniques.
- 範遠も紀州竹林派吉見経武(法名:順正)に師事し弓術を学んだが、技量が優れていたので藩より稽古料を給された。
- Norito also learned kyujutsu under Noritake YOSHIMI (posthumous Buddhist name: Junsei) from Kishu-chikurin line, and he was given the lesson fee by the domain because his skills were excellent.
- 剣道において鍔迫り合いは、打ち合わせた竹刀を刀同様鍔で受け止め、押し合う状態で、引き技はこの状態から打つ。
- Tsubazeriai in kendo is where, during a duel, each opponent wards off (and pushes back) the other's bamboo sword with their own bamboo sword guard, this is also when hikiwaza (a technique performed while stepping backward) is attempted.
- これに対して「今日のアルコール添加の原型に柱焼酎という伝統的な技法を見ることはできない」とする立場がある。
- On the otherhand, some people are against the above view and insist that 'no trace of traditional technology of hashira-jochu can be seen in the current alcohol addition technology.'
- テレビの通信販売番組でも「刃物の製造に関しては世界一の技術を誇る日本」などのフレーズが使われることがある。
- TV shopping programs sometimes use phrases such as 'Japan boasting the world's best techniques in the production of cutting tools.'
- 俵屋宗達や緒方光琳などが、狩野派の絵画技法を継承発展させて、金碧障壁画は日本美術に実に大きな影響を与えた。
- Sotatsu TAWARAYA, Korin OGATA and other painters succeeded and further developed the technique of paintings of the Kano School, so that kinpeki-shohekiga had a large impact on the art in Japan.
- このような技術的な基盤のもとに、平城京の政権は、山城国(山代国)に紙戸(官に委託された紙漉き場)を置いた。
- Based on such technical background, the government of Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Nara) placed kamiko (the paper making mill entrusted by the government) in Yamashiro Province.
- 城壁の素材は地域や時代・建築技術の程度によって様々で、日干しレンガや焼きレンガ・石・木・土など様々である。
- The materials of castle walls vary according to regions, times and degrees of construction techniques, for example, sun-dried bricks, burnt bricks, stones, wood and earth.
- しかし、映画の技術が発達して、音声が入るトーキーが普及するようになって以後は、活動弁士は不要となってしまう。
- However, the technological development of movies produced and popularized the talkie, so katsudo benshi became unnecessary.
- また各流派には宗家以外にも江戸期に各地の大名家に仕えて能楽の技術指導を行ってきた由緒ある家柄が存在している。
- Besides Soke, there are families that traditionally provided technical instructions of Nohgaku to Daimyo families (feudal lord families) in each school during the Edo period.
- 1881年、ロベルト・コッホが寒天培地による真正細菌培養法を開発技術開発したため、寒天の国際的需要が増えた。
- In 1881, Robert Koch developed the technology of culturing eubacterium using agar medium, and since then the demand for kanten has increased throughout the world.
- 合気道では「相手の欲するところを自ら与える」などと言い、一般的に相手の攻撃に対する防御技・返し技の形をとる。
- In aikido, there is a phrase, 'voluntarily offer what the opponent wants,' and defensive techniques and kaeshi waza (returning the opponent's waza (technique) immediately) are common forms.
- 糊置き防染の技法を用いず、直接白生地に絵筆にて絵柄を施す染色法として「描上友禅(かきあげゆうぜん)」がある。
- There is 'kakiage-yuzen,' which is a dyeing technique of drawing a pattern directly on a white cloth with a brush without using the resisting technique.
- ある分野について傑出した新しい技術をあみ出したものは、だれでも自分が家元となって流儀を創設することができる。
- Anyone that invents novel and remarkable techniques in a field can establish a ryugi in which he or she is iemoto.
- 時間の経過や統一政権の出現で技術的融合がおこり、しだいに枡形は東日本にも、馬出しは西日本にも広がっていった。
- As time passed and a unified authority appeared, technological integration occurred, and the Masugata and Umadashi styles both gradually spread throughout Japan.
- 設営、司会、進行には専門知識が必要であり、技能者としての技量が発揮されると、よい葬儀が行われることであろう。
- Some expertise is required to set up, preside over, and proceed with a funeral, and so if one's ability as an expert is displayed, a good funeral can be conducted.
- 明治時代には英国出身の大阪造幣局 (日本)技師で登山家でもあるウィリアム・ゴーランドによって調査が行われた。
- In the Meiji period investigation was made by William Gowland, who was a British engineer in Osaka Mint Bureau and also a mountaineer.
- 歌い手は、これらの約束事を守りながら即興でうたう技量と教養を必要とし、なおかつ相手の気を惹かなければならない。
- Singers of those songs and ballads are required to have sufficiently good skill and education to improvise any song in line with said rules, and as well they have to attract the attention of their partners.
- ただし、これは柔術に限らず伝統武術に共通する欠点であるが、習熟に時間がかかる割りに現代では非実戦的な技も多い。
- However, jujutsu has its drawbacks that much time is needed to master and that many techniques impractical today are included, which are shared with other traditional Japanese martial arts.
- 独自の防具を用い実際に加撃することが特徴であり、空手道などと互いに影響を及ぼしながら技術体系が錬られていった。
- It features making attacks in which the participants put on the original protective gear, and the system of techniques was developed by mutual influence with karatedo and others.
- 山城国に特定したのは、古代における最大の技術者渡来集団といえる、秦氏が勢力を張っていた拠点であったからである。
- Yamashiro Province was designated because it was the foothold where the Hata clan, regarded as the maximal group of technical experts, wielded their influence.
- 穴太衆(あのうしゅう)は、織豊時代(安土桃山時代)に活躍した、主に寺院や城郭などの石垣施工を行った技術者集団。
- The Ano-shu Guild is a group of craftspeople who installed stone walls, mainly of temples and castles during the Shokuho era (Azuchi-Momoyama Period).
- 日常内観は集中内観で会得した反省の技術を生かし、日常生活の中で毎日、一定時間、内観三項目を通して自分を調べる。
- In daily Naikan, the client uses a technique of reflection that he or she learned at concentrated Naikan to reflect on him or herself through the three themes of Naikan for a certain period of time everyday in his or her daily life.
- 火葬は多くの薪などの燃料を必要とし、また技術も求められるため、費用がかかる葬儀様式であったことは否定できない。
- As cremation requires not only a lot of fuel such as firewood, but also certain skills, it cannot be denied that it was a costly funeral method.
- その気風と技術の高さが、のちに山酒4号・亀粋・酒未来・龍の落とし子・羽州誉などの民間開発米に受け継がれていく。
- Such genius and high level of technology were inherited by rice developed in the private sector, such as Yamasake No. 4, Kamesui, Sake mirai, Tatsu no otoshigo and Ushu homare.
- 左手による、余韻を活かしたポルタメント奏法である「すり」、「打ち指」、「落し撥」などの装飾音的技法を多用する。
- They make use of many ornamental techniques, such as 'suri,' 'uchiyubi' and 'otoshibachi,' which are portamento methods that make use of the resonance created by the left hand.
- 天然酵母が育てた塩昆布「舞昆」という新しい発酵食品を開発した「こうはら本店」は食品昆布発酵技術の先駆けである。
- Kohara Honten Corporation is a pioneer in the ferment technology of kelp, which developed a new fermented food called 'Maikon,' shio-konbu fostered by wild yeasts.
- 明治以後、醸造技術及び企業形態の近代化が進む一方で、醤油が生活必需品である事に目をつけた政府が「醤油税」を導入。
- After the Meiji period, the government introduced 'soy-sauce tax' taking advantage of soy-sauce as a necessity of life, whereas modernization of brewing technology and formation of business organizations proceeded.
- 有名な刺し子技法には津軽地方の『こぎん刺し』、南部地方 (青森県)の『菱刺し』、庄内地方の『庄内刺し子』がある。
- Famous sashiko techniques include 'koginzashi' (an old needlework technology) in the Tsugaru region, 'hishizashi' (diamond sashiko) in the Nanbu region (Aomori prefecture), and 'Shonai sashiko' in the Shonai region.
- 須須許里が実在の人物であったとしても、彼がもたらしたものはせいぜい酒造技術の向上レベルのものであったと思われる。
- Even though if Susukori actually existed, it seems that he brought at most a progressed technique of sake brewing.
- このような状況が、政府主導によって全国規模で酒造りに関する情報を交換し、酒蔵相互の技術の向上を図る必要を生んだ。
- Therefore, the government needed to lead the information exchanging on sake brewing all over the country and to improve the techniques of sake breweries with each other.
- 飲用に使われるようになって、官能的に感知される不純物を除去するため、アルコールの蒸留技術はさらに進化していった。
- After it came to be drunk, the distilling technique to remove impurities which were instinctively felt was further developed.
- この点により、伝統流派自体の採用ではなく、一部の技の採用や、各国で独自に近代化した柔術技法などが採用されている。
- Therefore, those countries adopt not the traditional school as a whole, but some of its techniques partially, and they modernize the jujutsu techniques by themselves.
- 祭り笛の音は俗に「ぴーひゃらら」と擬音で表現されるが、「ひゃらら」の部分が「打ち指」技法の特色をよく表している。
- The flute sound of festivals is commonly expressed using the onomatopoeia 'pi-hyarara,' and 'hyarara' perfectly represents the characteristic of the uchiyubi technique.
- これは腹側から開いたハモの身に、皮を切らないように細かい切りこみを入れて小骨を切断する技法で、熟練が必要である。
- This is a technique performed to remove the small bones by making small cuts in the meat of the fish which is opened from the ventral side without cutting the skin, and which requires proficiency
- 釣りで揚がることもあるが、咬みつかれる危険がある上に調理に技能が必要(後述)なため、ハモを狙って釣る人は少ない。
- They are sometimes caught by fishing, but few people who fish aim for conger pike because there is a risk of being bitten and considerable skill is required to cook them (as described later).
- ただし、現在の両国国技館では、安全上の観点から、仮設ではなく常設の太鼓櫓が作られ、エレベーターも備えられている。
- However, the current drum turret set up at the Ryogoku Kokugikan Arena is a permanent one, not a temporary one, for security reasons; besides, it has an elevator.
- 17世紀頃から、時計などに使われていた歯車などの技術を、人形の動作装置として応用し、からくり人形が作られ始めた。
- From around the 17th century, craftsmen began to produce karakuri ningyo by applying some techniques, including gears used in a watch and other things, to the devices for the movements of the doll.
- 様々な特殊訓練を行い、特殊な道具なども所持しており、この道具を「忍具」、逃走術を含む種々の技術を「忍術」と言う。
- They conducted various special trainings and had special tools, the tools are called 'Ningu' and the various techniques including art of escaping are called 'Ninjutsu'.
- また日置流誕生以降、歩射技術が様々に発展したが、その中でも江戸時代に隆盛した通し矢(堂射)は独自の発展を遂げた。
- Moreover, various Busha techniques had developed after the establishment of the Heki school, among which Toshiya (Dosha) (通し矢), which was at it's peak during the Edo Period, developed independently.
- とくに未生流系、古流系、遠州系などの流派は技巧の達人・名手が多く登場し、多くの流派にわかれていくきっかけとなる。
- Many masters in techniques appeared especially from schools such as Misho School group, Koryu (Traditional school) group, and Enshu Group, and this led to further separation into many other schools.
- 越前での大判の襖紙の製造が増えるにつれて、皺紋加工や漉き模様加工の技術が改良され、襖紙の有数の産地となっていく。
- The more that fusuma papers were produced in the Echizen region, the more techniques, like the processing of a wrinkle pattern and incorporating new patterns were improved, and it became the major production area of fusuma paper.
- 『世界まる見え!テレビ特捜部』にて紹介された海外番組で科学的に解析した結果、忍術が世界最強の格闘技と証明された。
- According to the scientific analysis performed by a TV show abroad that was introduced in a Japanese TV show 'Sekai Marumie Terebi-tokusobu,' Ninjutsu was proven to be the world's fiercest martial art.
- これらは外国から技師・技術者が来て建設したものもあるが、日本人の職人にデザインなどを指示して建設したものもある。
- Some of them were built by foreign engineers who came to Japan, but there are others that were built by Japanese craftsmen based on designs taught by foreign engineers.
- 鱗板とともに異例の構成であるが不合理性は感じられず、「利休七哲とは別格」といわれる有楽斎の並々ならぬ技量を示す。
- Although such structure is unusual, along with the urokoita, the structure doesn't show an irrationality; rather, it manifests extraordinary skills of Urakusai, who is said to have been 'a special tea practitioner other than the seven disciples of Rikyu.'
- (胎土成分組成の分析により、2001年に国内で類例のない事が確認され、朝鮮半島内の技術で作られたものと判明した)
- (In 2001, according to the analysis of the soil components of the earthenware, there is no similar instance among the earthenware produced in Japan, therefore the excavated earthenware pieces were identified that they had been produced with the techniques and methods invented in the Korean Peninsula.)
- こうして幕府の酒造統制が緊緩を揺らいでいくうちに、四季醸造の技術は江戸時代の終わりまでに消滅してしまうことになる。
- While the bakufu repeated regulation and alleviation in the control of sake brewing in such a way, the technique of sake brewing in all seasons disappeared before the end of the Edo period.
- この常設の國技舘にも枡席が導入され、しかもその後の相次ぐ失火や関東大震災による焼失と再建の際にもそれを存続させた。
- The Kokugikan not only adopted masuseki but also maintained them through its turbulent history, the stadium being burnt down due to repeated accidental fires, and rebuilt following the Great Kanto Earthquake.
- また扇部にほどこす絵入れや揮毫(きごう)、煎茶の団扇など趣向を凝らす側面は、近代でも好まれ生活や技芸を彩っている。
- The elegant features of the Uchiwa fan, such as the painting and calligraphy on the body of the fan, and elaborate Uchiwa fans used to make fires for making sencha (medium-grade green tea) means that this type of fan is preferred even in the present day, lending a little color to everyday life and the Japanese arts and crafts.
- 当時、浜田市中において盛んだった製缶技術を駆使して製造されたもので、半年後に開缶しても混濁する事がなかったという。
- The product was manufactured utilizing can-making technology then prosperous in Hamada City, and it is said that it didn't show muddiness even when the can was opened a half year later.
- しかし、江戸中期に糊で防染する友禅の技法が出現・発展すると、自由度・手間の両面で劣る辻ヶ花は、急速に廃れ消滅した。
- However, when the technique 'yuzen,' which uses starch for preventing a dye from soaking into cloth, was devised and developed in the middle of the Edo period, tsujigahana rapidly went into decline and disappeared, because tsujigahana was inferior to yuzen in leeway and labor.
- また江戸時代以降は右手に嵌めるゆがけの構造が大きく変化し、これも日本独特の構造、独特の技術を生む切っ掛けとなった。
- In addition, after the Edo Period the form of Yugake leather glove worn on the right hand had largely changed, which also stimulated a particular form and technique in Japan.
- 中国で唐代後半に山水画の技法として成立し、宋代には、文人官僚の余技としての、四君子(松竹梅菊)の水墨画が行われた。
- It was established as a technique for Sansui-ga (landscapes painting) in China in the latter part of Tang, and in Song, Suiboku-ga of Shikunshi (four plants of high virtue) (pine, bamboo, plum, and chrysanthemum) were painted by bunjin-kanryo (government officials of letters).
- 唐代にはルールは多様化し、球門は両チームの間の網の上に設けられたり競技場の真ん中に一個設けられるなどの形になった。
- In the Tang Dynasty, the rules became comprehensive, that the goal was put on a net between both teams, and became a single structure at the center of the playground.
- 江戸時代以降には、城郭で発展した技術も生かされ、火災や盗難防止のために盛んに建てられ、後に裕福さの象徴ともなった。
- From the Edo period, the construction of dozo for fire-proofing and theft prevention flourished, often with the adoption of techniques developed in castle construction, and this created an impression of affluence.
- 「からかみ」作りは、もともと都であった京で始まったもので、京都が発祥地であり本場であり、その技術も洗練されていた。
- The production of 'karakami' began in Kyoto, the capital, and Kyoto was the birthplace and center for making paper with sophisticated techniques.
- 古典的な神楽に、大陸からの渡来芸が加わったものとされ、民衆の中から生まれた踊りに較べて専門的技能を要するものである。
- Mai is said to be classical kagura (shinto music and dance) with the addition of arts introduced from China and requires specialist techniques as compared with the dances (odori) originating from the common people.
- 国技館は耐火建材の土台にのった恒常床、他の三会場は鉄骨組みの仮設床が、それぞれ約1.5メートル四方の枡に仕切られた。
- The permanent floor mounted on a foundation made of fire-resistant building materials in Ryogoku Kokugikan, as well as the temporary steel-framed floor of the other three facilities, are divided into square spaces, each square measuring about 1.5 m across.
- (その他の主な技:四教、五教、六教(肘固め)、天地投げ、腰投げ、十字絡み、隅落し、呼吸投げ、合気投げ、合気落し 等)
- (Other major techniques: Yonkyo (aikido's fourth basic technique, gokyo (aikido's fifth basic technique), rokkyo (the aikido's sixth basic technique) (hijigatame (elbow lock)), tenchinage throw, koshinage throw, juji garami (cross-entangling method), sumiotoshi drop (corner drop), kokyunage throw, aikinage throw, aikiotoshi drop (aiki drop), etc.)
- - 包丁や和裁や剃刀(和剃刀)または、大工なども研ぐ技術が拙い者(つたないもの)や高価な刃物などは砥ぎ師を利用した。
- Blade sharpeners were used for kitchen knives, pinking shears, razors, expensive knives, and even by carpenters who were not skilled in sharpening.
- この時代の印刷・出版技術の発展とともに、出版文化が発達していき、黄表紙などによって盛んに題材として妖怪が用いられた。
- With the development of printing and publishing technology during this period, yokai was frequently used as a theme of picture books.
- 精進料理の影響により、大豆加工の技術や野菜料理の技法が大きく発達し、のちの日本料理の方向性を決定づけることになった。
- Affected by shojin-ryori dishes, the technique to process soybeans and to cook vegetables developed greatly, determining the direction of later progress in nihon-ryori dishes.
- その後、杮葺・茅葺・瓦葺など屋根葺工法の中で最も格式の高い技法として、貴族の住居や寺社仏閣に使用されるようになった。
- Since then, the cypress bark roof began to be used for residences of aristocrats, Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines being considered the most prestigious examples of roofing techniques, including kokera-buki (roofing with thin wood shingles), thatching, and tiling.
- この明への渡海により、絶海中津は多くの高僧らと出会ったことで、俗的詩文の風と四六文の技法を身につけたと言われている。
- It is said that his travel to Ming and meeting with many high priests there enabled Chushin ZEKKAI to acquire the skills to compose earthly poetry and Shirokubun (Chinese verses using four-six form).
- 父親から連絡を受けた大阪の朝日放送が撮影写真の解析を、東海大学情報技術センターとコニカの共同作業によっておこなった。
- Osaka Asahi Broadcasting Corporation, which was reported by the father, worked together with Tokai University Information Center and Konica to analyze the photographs.
- 室町時代初期『御酒之日記』、江戸時代初期『童蒙酒造記』などにその名を残し、当時の日本酒の醸造技術の高さを物語っている。
- Bodai-moto was mentioned in some books, such as 'Goshu-no-nikki,' the oldest book on sake brewing techniques written in the early Muromachi period, and 'Domoshuzoki,' the best and the most detailed book on sake brewing techniques written in the early Edo period, and the descriptions show us how advanced the sake brewing techniques in those days were.
- 型稽古とは、技をかける方(取り)、かけられる方(受け)を予め決めておき、互いにある程度わかった動きを行う稽古法である。
- Kata training is a method in which the attacker (tori) and defender (uke) are predetermined, and movements somewhat known to both parties are performed.
- 合気道の技を通して敵との対立を解消し、自然宇宙との「和合」「万有愛護」を実現するような境地に至ることを理想としている。
- Its ideal is to resolve conflict with the enemy through aikido techniques, and to reach a state of realizing 'harmony' and 'loving and protecting all things' in nature and the universe.
- 彼の創始した京友禅の技法を本人が加賀藩(現在の石川県)の城下町金沢に持ち込んで独自の発展を遂げたものを加賀友禅という。
- He brought the technique of Kyo-Yuzen that he started into Kanazawa, the castle town of Kaga Domain (present Ishikawa Prefecture), and the technique was developed into a unique style, which is called Kaga-Yuzen.
- 温暖多湿という日本の国土条件の中、職人技により製造されるが、現代的な食品の衛生基準との間で伝統を守りづらくなっている。
- It is an artisanal product made in the moderate and humid climate of Japan, but it is becoming difficult to maintain the tradition being subject to modern food hygiene standards.
- 近代に入ると、流通の発達や冷蔵設備の普及、冷凍技術の発達に伴い、日本全国津々浦々で新鮮な刺身が食べられるようになった。
- As distribution networks has been grown, the use of refrigerator has been widespread, and the freezing technology has been developed in modern times, fresh sashimi became available for people throughout Japan.
- そのため危険であることから現代武道から除かれた技法や各種の隠し武器、活法、薬方、呪術などが今でも残っている場合がある。
- So, some of the fighting techniques and the various kinds of disguised weapons, the ways of resuscitation, the usage of medicine, the secret of casting a spell, and so on that had been eliminated from gendai budo because they were considered to be dangerous, may have been maintained in kobudo even now.
- ただし多くの場合形稽古が中心であり、試合稽古は技が乱れる、理合の習得が出来ない等の理由によりあまり行われていなかった。
- However, these implements were used mainly in the performance of kata (a fixed sequence of moves) training, and were seldom employed in training matches on the grounds that skills could be eroded and that learning riai (the skill of being able to seize a chance to strike) was impossible.
- 兵法、すなわち人を刀で切る行為にはこの両面がないとならないと諭し、日本の剣術が殺人技法にとどまらず昇華したことを示す。
- He admonished that the deed of killing a person with a sword should have these two aspects, and it demonstrates the difference between Japanese Kenjutsu and the mere skill of killing a person.
- どこの家でも素人ながらに蕎麦打ちの技術を持っており、来客があると、家の主人もしくは主婦が蕎麦を打ち、食事として供した。
- While not professionally trained, everyone knew how to make soba and when visitors came, the host or hostess made soba for them.
- そして、前者の技芸的側面と、後者の制度的側面をともに管理し、その永続を保障するべき機関として家元というものが存在する。
- Iemoto (the head family of a school) exists as an authority which should monitor both the former, the artistic aspect, and the latter, the institutional aspect, in order to ensure that both may last long.
- 陳元贇から学んだ、と称する流派も特に中国拳法的な技法が存在する訳ではなく、中国から学んだとするのは一種の箔付けである。
- Also the schools purporting to be taught by Chen Yuan-Yun to gain prestige don't necessarily have techniques like Chinese martial arts.
- ただ単に犬に矢を当てればいいと言う物ではなく、相撲の決め手のように打ち方や命中した場所によっていくつもの技が存在した。
- It was not merely about shooting at dogs but there were many techniques according to how to shoot or what part of the dog an arrow hit, such as winning moves in sumo.
- 江戸時代中期以降堂射ブームは沈静化したものの、堂射用に改良された道具(ゆがけ等)や技術が後の弓術に寄与した面は大きい。
- After the mid-Edo Period, the Dosha boom declined, but the equipment (such as Yugake) and technique that was improved for Dosha later contributed much to Kyujutsu.
- 騎射の訓練としては狩猟が盛んに行われ、また儀式・競技化された流鏑馬、笠懸、犬追物(総称して騎射三物という)も流行した。
- Hunting had been actively practiced as a Kisha discipline, and Yabusame archery on horseback, Kasagake and Inuou-mono (collectively called Kisha-Mitsumono) were popular as ceremonies or games.
- 漬物の技術は、乳酸菌発酵を十分に行うと野菜のみならず、動物質の保存にも有効となり、こうしたものはなれずしに分類される。
- With sufficient lactic fermentation, the technique of tsukemono is efficient not only for vegetables but also for the preservation of animal matter, which is classified together with nare-zushi.
- 流鏑馬(やぶさめ)とは、疾走する馬上から的に鏑矢(かぶらや)を射る、日本の伝統的な騎射の技術・稽古・儀式のことを言う。
- Yabusame is the Japanese traditional skill, practice and rite of shooting whistling arrows from a galloping horse.
- 西洋建築の技術にも刺激され、大工道具の質も上がり、職人の交流も活発になったことなどで、建築の質は全体に向上していった。
- Affected by technologies in European architecture, carpenters' tools had been improved and craftsmen had interacted with each other actively, improving the quality of buildings as a whole.
- その維持・保存には、文化庁の指導のもと釘一本に至るまで伝統的な城郭建築の技法を求められるため、多額の経費が必要である。
- An exorbitant amount of money is required to maintain and preserve castle towers, as such work demands the traditional technique of castle building, down to each of the nails used, under the supervision of the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- ただし、4班のうちで入江班だけはこの方法を取らず、「上げ写し法」と呼ばれる伝統的な模写技法をかたくなに守って制作した。
- Among the four groups, only Irie group worked on the traditional method of reproduction called 'Ageutsushiho method' consistently, not employing the method.
- 具体的には好事家や趣味人が、難度が高い特殊な物品の作製を依頼した時などに、携わる技術者(職人)に景気付けに渡す事もある。
- As an example, when a collecter or someone with highbrow tastes or a highbrow orders something which is difficult to make from an expert (a craftsman), they offer shugi as an incentive.
- 温度計のない時代に、造り手の感覚だけでそれが調節されたことは明らかで、熟練を要した高度な技術であったことがうかがわれる。
- Since there were no thermometers at that time, it is obvious that the temperature adjustment fully depended on the brewer's sense, and this suggests the method was a highly skilled technique which demanded a lot of experience.
- ただし、日本文化に特有の事象であるが、道具として極めてシンプルであるため、使う者の知恵・技術水準が実用レベルと直結する。
- However, as one typical aspect of Japanese culture, the level of knowledge and technique of users of Furoshiki is directly related to the utilization level due to its high simplicity as a device.
- このため、それら問題点を解決する酒が、満洲国経済部官長島長治と奉天にあった嘉納酒造の技師安川豪雄によって研究されていた。
- Then, a sake which resolved such problems was researched by Choji NAGASHIMA, an official of the economic department of Manchukuo, and Takeo (豪雄) YASUKAWA, an engineer of the Kano Shuzo brewery in Hoten (Fengtian).
- 時代の変遷と共に、伝統的な的屋の非日常(ハレ)の場独特の雰囲気を演出する技量を持つ者も少なくなり、懐かしむ声も聞かれる。
- As time has passed, the number of people with the skill to bring out the special traditional atmosphere (hare) of tekiya has decreased, leading some people to yearn for them.
- また、築城技術でも火縄銃の性能を活かした横矢掛かり(これ自体はすでに存在していた)などが発達し、赤穂城などに応用された。
- And as for technique of castle construction, battlement for a flank attack (it had already existed), exploiting the performance of hinawaju, developed and they were applied to Ako-jo Castle.
- そのレイソル戦の代替試合は同年8月24日に開催されたが、本来ガンバ大阪のホームスタジアムである万博記念競技場を使用した。
- The substitute game for the game against Reysol was played on August 24 in the same year, but Kyoto Sanga used Osaka Expo '70 Stadium which is officially the home stadium of Gamba Osaka.
- - 庖丁塚とは使い古されたり使えなくなってしまった包丁に感謝を込めて埋めたり、包丁捌きの技術の向上祈願して建てられた塚。
- - Hocho-zuka was erected to bury old worn knives to express appreciation for many years of service and to pray for improving skills in using knives for cooking.
- 紙を染め、金銀箔をちりばめ、絵具や版木で紋様を描くなど、加工技術に情熱を傾け、雅で麗しき平安王朝の料紙を供給していった。
- There was enthusiasm about processing techniques such as inlaying with gold and silver foil and creating patterns with paints and printing blocks, and providing elegant and beautiful ryoshi for the Heian dynasty.
- 高い技能を持った職人が関与するようになり、工法も礎石の上に柱を据え、梁 (建築)を複雑に組み合わせて造るように変わった。
- As craftsmen with a high level of skill became engaged in building such houses, houses became built in the way that pillars were placed on foundation stones and beams were assembled in complex ways.
- 春休みや夏休みなどには特別イベントが開催され、常設展示では扱うことのできない科学技術や光に関する実験・工作が体験できる。
- During spring and summer holidays, special events are held, where scientific technologies, experiments/manual work on light which cannot be dealt with in the permanent exhibits can be experienced.
- 修行の末に由利正俊より源義経以来の家伝の法を伝えられ、愛宕信仰を信仰して飛行自由を得、その技は神業とされるほどであった。
- At the end of his practice, Masatoshi YURI disclosed to him, a certain method from his family tradition, which had been handed down to MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, and Ietoshi acquired the skill to fly freely through believing the Atago-shinko faith and was thought to have skills causing superhuman feat.
- 昭和28年(1958年)の中学学習指導要領で、相撲、剣道、柔道剣道、柔道などの武道が格技という名称で正課授業が行われた。
- Under the Education Ministry guidelines for junior high schools in 1958, budo such as sumo, kendo, judo-kendo, judo and so on, which were called 'kakugi' (combat sports), were taught as formal lessons.
- なお、染物にも「煮染め」といわれる技法があるが、こちらは「にぞめ」と読むことが多く、染色液が残らないほど煮るわけではない。
- Although there is a dyeing method called '煮染め,' this is usually pronounced as 'nizome' and the liquid dye is not simmered in this method.
- 技の呼称は「技開始時の受け手・捕り手の位置的関係」または「技開始時の受け手の攻撃形態」に「上記の固有技名」を組み合わせる。
- The names of techniques are a combination of 'the positional relationship of the defender and attacker at the beginning of the technique' or 'the form of attack of the defender at the beginning of the technique' and 'the specific names of techniques described above.'
- 受け手が手刀を捕り手前額面の真上から振り下ろす攻撃形態を「正面打ち」といい、それぞれの状態から上記いずれの技も派生し得る。
- The form of attack in which the defender swings down a tegatana (literally, 'hand sword') from directly above the attacker's front side is called 'shomen-uchi strike,' and from each state each of the above techniques can be derived.
- 江戸時代は捕縛術としてそのような技術を中心に据えているような印象を与える流派も多く、かつそれは古流柔術全体の特徴でもある。
- Secondly, many schools in the Edo period seem to have centered on hobaku-jutsu, and this characteristic applies to the whole koryu jujutsu.
- 青森県の弘前市ではリンゴの剪定技術をサクラに応用することで同地に生えていたソメイヨシノの樹勢を回復することに成功している。
- In Hirosaki City, Aomori Prefecture, Someiyoshino was successfully recovered by applying the pruning technique for apple trees.
- また、中山博道・羽賀準一の流れを汲む一剣会羽賀道場や日本剣道協会では、戦前のままの足払いや投げ技も有効な稽古を行っている。
- Ikkenkai Haga dojo and Nihon Kendo Kyokai, both descended from Hiromichi NAKAYAMA and Junichi HAGA, are still using ashibarai and nagewaza in training as they did in the prewar period.
- 甲冑武者同士の戦闘は最終的には組討による決着に至ることが多く、ここにおける技法が組討術であり後の柔術の源流の一つとなった。
- Fighting between heavily-armored samurai often finally came to an end by grappling, and grappling skills employed in such fighting became one of the origins of Jujutsu (one of the classical Japanese martial arts).
- 左太刀(ひだりたち)とは、剣術において通常は右手を前、左手を後ろに刀を持つのを、逆に左手を前、右手を後ろに持つ技術のこと。
- Hidari Tachi is the technique to hold and grip a sword with the left hand placed towards the Tsuba (a hand guard) and the right hand placed at the base of the hilt, meanwhile the right hand is usually placed towards a Tsuba and the left hand is placed at the base of a hilt in the art of swordsmanship.
- 1996年8月14日、ナビスコカップ・対柏レイソル戦(大分市営陸上競技場=サンガのホームゲーム)が台風のため中止となった。
- On August 14, 1996, a Nabisco Cup game against Kashiwa Reysol (played in Oita City Athletic Stadium as a home game of Sanga) was suspended because of a typhoon.
- 武官の当色(とうじき)とする唐様の裲襠(うちかけ)装束を左方・右方によって色目文様を相違した衣装を身に付けて競技に臨んだ。
- They came into the match, each of the left and right rider wearing uchikake in Chinese style (long outer robe of a formal dress for military officers) representing tojiki (the color corresponding to one's official rank) of military officers with different colors and patterns on them.
- 江戸時代には、透かし紋様紙、漉き込み紋様紙(抜き紋様)、置き紋様紙(漉き掛け)あるいは皺紋加工などの技術が工夫されている。
- During the Edo period, watermark paper (a transparent paper), combined with pattern paper (for cutting out patterns), and adding more fibers on the paper produced a technique for processing a wrinkled pattern.
- 試合・競技を中心に考えて取り組む傾向が強くなり、試合・競技以外の技術がおろそかになったり、技術が本来のものから変質し易い。
- Those who tend to concentrate only on the game or competition tend to neglect the skills other than those of the game or competition, and their skills are likely to change from those that are essential.
- 具体的には力士に対し健闘を称えたり芸妓の技芸や旅館の仲居の接客に対し、非日常(ハレ)を演出してくれる事に対する感謝でもある。
- Some specific situations include showing gratitude to Sumo wrestlers for a good show, to geisha for their performance or to nakai (waitresses in a ryokan or traditional restaurant) for offering extraordinary (Hare) service.
- いずれにせよ清酒(せいしゅ)は、やがて『菩提泉』に代表されるような平安時代以降の僧坊酒にその技術が結集されていくことになる。
- Anyway, the techniques to brew seishu brought together to brew Soboshu (the sake brewed in major temples) typified by 'bodaisen' (a name of sake) after the Heian period.
- 「手事物」と呼ばれる、器楽性の高い楽曲形式(基本的に、前歌 - 手事 - 後唄の構成)が発達、演奏技巧も極限まで追求された。
- They developed a highly instrumental music style called 'tegoto mono' (composition of basically the first vocal section, an instrumental intermezzo, and the second vocal section), and sought for the instrumental technique to the ultimate level.
- だが、居酒屋や酒販店が「利き酒会」と称して単に酒の味見をすることにも使われ、またその能力を競う競技会も開かれるようになった。
- It also refers to simply tasting sake at 'sake tasting events' held by izakaya bars and sake retailers, some of which developed into tasting competitions.
- きき酒師は20歳以上であれば誰でも受けられ、同会の主催する講習会を受講した後、筆記・実技の試験に合格すれば認定を受けられる。
- The qualification for the sake taster certification is offered to any person aged 20 and over; applicants are required to take a workshop conducted by SSI and pass the written and practical exams to be certified.
- 回向院の境内に初めて常設の競技場「國技舘」(両国国技館)が建てられたのは実に明治42年 (1909) になってのことだった。
- In 1909 the permanent stadium 'Kokugikan' (stadium for national sports, now Ryogoku Kokugikan) was built in the precincts of Honjo Eko-in Temple.
- そこで開始されたのが、国立能楽堂に三役の技能を伝授する学校を設置し、玄人の子弟以外の人材を能楽界に取り込むという試みである。
- In an attempt to respond to the situation, an institution for teaching the techniques of Sanyaku was established in the National Noh Theater to attract people other than Kuroto's children to the field of Nohgaku.
- 現在産業廃棄物として処理されているおからのバイオ燃料への再利用技術は、原油価格が高騰している昨今の社会背景の中、注目される。
- The reuse technology of okara which is disposed as industrial waste now for biofuel attracts attention in this social condition where oil prices are soaring.
- 全日本弓道連盟では、『弓の長さは221cm(7尺3寸)を基準とし、射手の身長または競技の種類により若干の長短を認められる。』
- According to the All Nippon Kyudo Federation, 'the standard bow length is 221 cm (seven shaku three sun), but the slight lengthening and shortening of a bow is allowed depending on the height of the archer or the type of the tournament.'
- 技術の向上とともに、寒さに耐えながら稽古をやり遂げることで、精神の鍛錬をするという目的にも重きをおかれて行われるものである。
- By carrying out training while enduring coldness, it aims not only to improve skills but also to discipline one's mind.
- 父・五代目歌右衛門は歌舞伎座幹部技芸委員長として当時の劇界を支配する名優であり、御曹司として何不自由ない幼年時代を過ごした。
- His father, Utaemon V was the acting master who dominated the then theater world as the chief of the executive artistry committee of Kabuki-za Theatrical Corporation and spent his childhood in the lap of luxury as a son of a distinguished family.
- 鉄砲伝来まで弓矢は最有力の武器であったことから重んじられ、的中と矢の威力を高めるため、技術の発展と道具の改良がなされてきた。
- The bow and arrow was highly valued as the most prevailing weapon in Japan before the introduction of firearms, so technique had been developed and their equipment and strength of the arrow improved to improve the hitting ratio.
- 漆器の表面に漆で絵や文様、文字などを描き、それが乾かないうちに金や銀などの金属粉を「蒔く」ことで器面に定着させる技法である。
- In the technique, pictures, patterns, or letters are drawn with urushi (a Japanese lacquer) on the surface of lacquerware, and metal powder, such as of gold or silver, is sprinkled before the urushi dries to secure the design on the lacquer surface.
- 二 演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの(以下「無形文化財」という。)
- 2. Intangible cultural products (such as plays, musical pieces and craft technologies) that are highly valued in our nation, either historically or artistically (such products being hereinafter referred as intangible cultural properties)
- とされ、漢代には12人のチームが対抗して鞠を争奪し「球門」に入れた数を競う遊戯として確立し、宮廷内で大規模な競技が行われた。
- In Han Dynasty, it was established as a competing game in which 2 teams of 12 people were striking the shuttlecock in order to kick it into the 'kyumon (goal),' and large-scale games were held in the Court.
- 味噌やすり鉢といった調味料や調理器具、あるいは根菜類の煮しめといった調理技法は、日本料理そのものに取り入れられることになる。
- Seasoning, cooking devices and cooking techniques used for Shojin ryori, like fermented soybean paste, earthenware mortar and Nishime (traditional Japanese stewed meal) with root vegetables, were introduced into Japanese cuisine.
- 居合道とは、日本刀を用い、抜刀から納刀、および諸作法を通し技能の修練のみならず人格の涵養なども含めた各自による自己修練のこと。
- Iaido is a self-discipline that represents not only training in technique but also the maturing of the person by learning how to use a Japanese sword such as drawing it, sheathing it and other manners.
- このとき無駄な力が入ると反射的に相手からの反発を招き、力の抵抗にぶつかる・接触点が外れる等の不具合を生じ、技の流れを阻害する。
- However, in doing so, needless force will cause a reflex reaction by the opponent and will create issues such as facing resistance with force, separation of the contact point, etc., thereby interfering with the flow of the technique.
- 合気道における「合気」が主に理念的な意味で用いられるのに対し、「呼吸力」は主に「技法の源になる力」という意味合いで用いられる。
- While 'aiki' in aikido is mainly used in the sense of a principle, 'breath power' is mainly used to mean 'a source of power for techniques.'
- 澤山宗海は柔道をもとに(空手道やボクシングも参考にした)、当身と当身から投げ技への変化の技法を専門化した武道として編み出した。
- Referring to judo, karate and boxing, Muneumi SAWAYAMA devised his Nippon Kempo as the martial art that specialized in body-striking techniques and shifting techniques from body-striking to throwing.
- 第二次世界大戦以前の日本には1890年制定の帝室技芸員制度はあったものの、近代的な無形文化財の保護・指定制度は存在しなかった。
- Before World War Ⅱ, although the System of Imperial Arts and Crafts Experts established in 1890 existed, there was no modern system that protected and designated intangible cultural properties.
- 笠懸(かさがけ)とは、疾走するウマ上から的に鏑矢(かぶらや)を放ち的を射る、日本の伝統的な騎射の技術・稽古・儀式・様式のこと。
- Kasagake' (笠懸) is a traditional Japanese form of horseback archery technique/practice/event/form where the archer mounted on a galloping steed shoots 'Kaburaya' arrows (arrows that whistle) at targets.
- その醸造の現場へ地元の農民を派遣して技能を習得させ、やがては領民だけの力で藩造酒(はんぞうしゅ)の生産が可能になるよう図った。
- They also sent local peasants to actual brewing sites so that they could learn brewing skills which would enable them to produce hanzoshu (local sake brewed by a clan) without experts' help afterward.
- 張り子、あるいは張子(はりこ)とは、竹や木材などで組んだ枠、または粘土で作った型に紙などを張りつけ、成形する造形技法のひとつ。
- Hariko is one of the plastic arts technique which forms papier-mache by attaching pieces of paper to frames made of bamboo or wood or molds made of clay.
- 引目鉤鼻(ひきめかぎばな)は、平安時代、鎌倉時代の大和絵、風俗画におけるヒトの顔の眼および鼻の類型的、様式的な描写技法である。
- Hikime-kagibana is a typological and stylized description technique for the eyes and nose of a person's face, used in the Yamato-e paintings (traditional Japanese style painting of the late Heian and Kamakura periods dealing with Japanese themes) and fuzokuga (pictures of manners and customs) during the Heian and Kamakura periods.
- また下地の層になる和紙を前述のような抄紙械で漉き、上の層(上掛け)の模様を手漉きと同様な技法でつける、鳥の子漉き模様紙もある。
- In addition, there is a laminated pattern torinoko paper, the foundation layer of which is made by a shoshi-ki machine as described above, and the pattern of the surface layer of which is made the same way as handmade paper is made.
- すなわち師に対して帰依しその教義を受け継いでいくという姿が、家元に入門して秘技相伝を受けるという形式の原型となったと考えられる。
- More specifically, becoming an iemoto disciple and passing on secret techniques is thought to be based on the pattern of becoming a follower of a Buddhist priest and transmitting the teachings.
- 翌年には帝室技芸員の前身とされる「宮内省工芸員」を認定しているが、残念ながら資料が不足しておりその実態は明らかとなってはいない。
- They granted certification as 'Kunaisho Kogeiin' (craftsperson of the Imperial Household Ministry) the following year, which is said to be the predecessor of Teishitsu Gigeiin, but unfortunately the true nature of it is unclear because of insufficient historical materials.
- かたわらでは、鴻池善右衛門や奈良流など各地の造り酒屋や杜氏の流派が、僧坊酒の技術に改良を加えながらこれを承継していくことになる。
- On the other hand, the sake breweries and schools of toji such as Zenemon KONOIKE and the Nara school succeeded this by improving the techniques of Soboshu.
- 語源は、もともと邦楽において楽器の奏法、技法、パートなどを「手」と呼び、「歌」に対し、「手」のみで演じられる「事」から来ている。
- The word 'tegoto' is derived from the 'act' ('koto' in Japanese) of performing using only 'hands' ('te' in Japanese), which originally referred to a manner of performance, technique, or part by an instrument in traditional Japanese music.
- しかし、寛文7年(1667年)、当時もっとも酒造技術が進んでいた伊丹でそれまでの寒酒の仕込み方を改良し、この寒造りが確立された。
- However, they improved the brewing method of kanshu at Itami, where sake brewing skill was most advanced at that time in 1667, and this kanzukuri was established.
- ところが国技館では、一般に「良い枡席」と考えられている枡席のほぼすべてを「相撲案内所」と呼ばれる20軒の相撲茶屋が占有している。
- In Ryogoku Kokugikan, however, almost all the masuseki have been graded as 'excellent,' and provide people with a good view of the dohyo, but these are monopolized by 20 sumo-jaya restaurants (tea houses located within the facility) called 'sumo annai-jo' (sumo information offices).
- 能楽協会会員すなわち玄人の能楽師および彼らの素人弟子たちの技術は、「シテ方」「ワキ方」「囃子方」「狂言方」の4種類に分けられる。
- The techniques of the members of the Nohgaku Performers' Association, i.e., expert Noh performers, and their amateur pupils are divided into the following four categories: 'Shitekata' (main role), 'Wakikata' (supporting actor), 'Hayashikata' (people who play hayashi, or the musical accompaniment), and 'Kyogenkata' (farce actor).
- 演武とは予め決めた技を順番に演ずることで、同じ技であっても激しく叩きつけるように演ずる者、静かに淡々と演ずる者など個性が現れる。
- Enbu means to perform predetermined techniques in order, and the same technique can reveal the personality of the performers, with some performing in a fierce, slamming manner, while others perform quietly and matter-of-factly.
- この宿場町の風俗習慣と的屋(まとや)の営業する的場(景品交換式遊技場)が結びついて、宿場町や温泉街に矢場(射的場)が設けられた。
- The manners and morals of these inn towns came to be connected with matoba areas (gambling for gifts) run by matoya, and yaba (shooting galleries) were established in inn towns and hot spring districts.
- 講道館柔道には無い技法群を持っていることや武田惣角の卓越した技量が数々の武道家たちに支持され、後にいくつかの分派を生んでもいる。
- This school had a group of techniques that Kodokan judo did not, and Sokaku's outstanding skills were favored by many martial artists, so this school produced some branch schools afterward.
- 平安時代に入り竹を加工する技術が確立されると、幅を一定にそろえやすい特徴から衣装を保管する箱として、四角く作られるようになった。
- When the technique of using bamboo materials was established in the Heian period, people made use of the characteristics of bamboo that is easy to process in constant width and began to made square baskets for a box to keep clothes.
- しかし同じ醸造技術者ではあっても、流派ごとの技法の有無や、集団としての制度などを考えると、後世の杜氏の直接的起源とは言いがたい。
- Although they were indeed brewing specialists, it is hard to say that they were the direct origin of latter-day toji, in terms of whether there were group-specific techniques or not, and/or in terms of their organization system.
- 「折れず、曲がらず、良く斬れる」の3要素を非常に高い次元で同時に実現させるため日本刀の製法には非常に高度な技術が集約されている。
- The manufacturing method of Japanese swords, a highly advanced technique at the time, strove to achieve three highly sought after qualities, 'Not to break, not to bend, and a razor sharp cutting edge.'
- 鎌倉時代には「秀郷流」と呼ばれる技法も存在し、武士の嗜みとして、また幕府の行事に組み込まれたことも含めて盛んに稽古・実演された。
- A technique known as 'the Hidesato-style of yabusame' was practiced during the Kamakura period, and samurai trained in this pastime enthusiastically, giving demonstrations at events organized by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- また当館は、コンピュータ技術の発達にともなう情報通信の発展に対応する情報発信、非来館型サービスに特化した図書館と位置づけられた。
- It was also decided that the new facility would specialize in providing information corresponding to the development of telecommunications accompanied by the progress of computer technology, as well as services as a digital library for remote users.
- 技術者として勤務していたことで、「ライカ買おうか、家買おか」と言われた当時、高価なライカのカメラを買えるほど生活は安定していた。
- Since he worked as an engineer; his life was settled enough to buy an expensive camera from Leica in those days when people described it as saying, 'Let's get a Leica or house.'
- これらの複雑な調理技術や使用する食材に対する概念は、多くの料理人や料理研究家に影響を与え、料理分野全体の水準向上に貢献してきた。
- These complex cooking techniques and notion of foodstuffs exerted a large effect on many cooks, as well as cooking scholars, and contributed to the development of the overall field of cooking.
- 奈良時代から平安時代にかけて、中国や朝鮮半島などから渡来した技法や様式、あるいはそれに倣い日本で描かれた図画が「唐絵」と呼ばれた。
- From the Nara period through to the Heian period, drawings using the technique and style derived from China or the Korean peninsula, or those imitating them and painted in Japan were called 'Kara-e' (Chinese Paintings).
- 橋本雅邦は兄弟子狩野芳崖とともに狩野派の出身でありながら、独自の画風を拓こうとした画家であったし、横山も新しい技法を開発している。
- Gaho HASHIMOTO, while being from the Kano School with Hogai KANO as his senior pupil, was a painter who sought to develop his own style; similarly, Yokoyama also developed new techniques.
- そもそも陸軍に所属する火薬製造所で開発された、純度の高いアルコールを蒸留する技術が、アルコール飲料の開発に応用されるようになった。
- A technique to distill very pure alcohol originally developed at a gunpowder plant of the army utilized to develop alcoholic drinks.
- 技術的に困難であった砂張(さはり:銅・錫・鉛の合金)の製法を発見して多くの名品を残しており、歴代の中でも鋳物の名人として知られる。
- Joeki found a formula for making an alloy of copper, tin and lead which was technically very difficult, and among the successive heads of the Nakagawa family, he was recognized as the master of cast metal who left numerous fine works.
- それに伴って灘の職人が播州に出稼ぎに出て技術を伝えたことで、品質が向上したともいわれる(ブランドの詳細などは揖保乃糸を参照せよ)。
- Accordingly, it is said that skilled workers migrated from Nada to Banshu and transferred their techniques, thereby improving the quality (refer to Ibonoito for details of brand names).
- 旧日本陸軍の銃剣術は、現在は競技武道の銃剣道となり、陸上自衛隊で、戦後に制定された自衛隊銃剣格闘とともに戦技として訓練されている。
- The jukenjutsu of the former Japanese Army became jukendo (the martial art using the bayonet), which is a kind of Kyogi Budo (athletic martial arts) now and is performed as a training of combat techniques at the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) together with the Self-Defense Force 銃剣格闘 (bayonet drill and combat techniques).
- 世界各地に棒状の武器を使用する戦闘技法が過去に存在または伝来しており、それを日本では日本武術の棒術と類似するため棒術の語をあてる。
- Martial techniques using a stick-shaped weapon existed or were introduced in various places across the world, which are called Bojutsu in Japanese because of the similarity to Bojutsu in Japanese martial arts.
- 京都賞先端技術部門(きょうとしょうせんたんぎじゅつぶもん)は、京都賞の一部門であり、優れた業績を上げた科学者に与えられる賞である。
- The Kyoto Prize in the category of Advanced Technology is one of the categories of the Kyoto Prize, and is given to a scientist who achieved great results.
- 京都の場合、冷蔵技術が発達する前は若狭地方から運ばれる塩干物の塩鯖が貴重な海産物であり、この寿司が定着した(詳しくは鯖街道参照)。
- In Kyoto where salted mackerel, part of salted and dried marine products, brought from the Wakasa region was a valuable marine product before cold-storage technology was developed, this sushi was rooted (for details, refer to Saba-kaido Road (the highway used to transport fish such as 'saba' - mackerel - to Japan's ancient capital, Kyoto).
- 大師様が小豆粥を食する際に用いたと考えられた箸は、地方によっては講の後に魔除けや子女の学問・技術の向上のまじないなどに用いられた。
- In some regions, the chopsticks, which were believed to be the same as those used by Daishisama (the Great Teacher) when eating azuki-gayu, were used after the event as a charm against evil or as a charm for children's excellence in studies and skills.
- 関西館には科学技術関連資料、アジア言語資料、国内論文などが移管され、東京本館とともに国立国会図書館の中央館を構成する一角となった。
- With the transferred collections of scientific and technological materials, materials in Asian languages and Japanese doctoral dissertations, etc., the Kansai-kan became a vital part of the NDL Main Library along with the Tokyo Main Library.
- 昭和27年(1952年)11月に多摩中学校の教諭が中心となり東京国立博物館の技官と共に多摩中学校の生徒も参加し発掘調査が行われた。
- In November 1952, an archaeological excavation was conducted, initiated by the teachers at Tama Junior High School with the help of the engineering officials of the Tokyo National Museum and the students of Tama Junior High School.
- いっぽう産業振興よりも醸造技術の修得・向上が目的とされる全国新酒鑑評会は、賛否両論を浴びながらも現在に至るまで毎年春に行われている。
- On the other hand, Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai, which aims for the learning and progress of brewing techniques rather than industrial development, has been held every spring until now in spite of arguments for and against it.
- 作風は流麗で、長い手事(器楽部)を持ち、三味線の技巧も凝ったものが多く、また歌にも力の入った曲が多くあり、現代でも好んで演奏される。
- His style was neat, had long instrumental parts and many of his shamisen techniques were elaborate and many of his songs were dynamic and are preferably played even now.
- 庶民も夜店や出店の非日常を楽しみ、日本の祭り文化が人生を豊かにし、技術を持った商売人としての的屋も生活がなりたったと言う背景がある。
- This is part of the reason that as merchants with skills, tekiya were able to make a living from festivals which, with their special atmosphere of night stalls and shops, were enjoyed by the common people and enriched their culture of festival.
- 現在は祭礼や縁日に人出が減ったのに比べ、自治体が管理する公園や遊技場において各種団体が主催するフリーマーケットなどが多くなっている。
- While the number of people attending festivals and fairs is decreasing, the number of events such as flea markets, run by various organizations and held in municipally managed parks and recreation halls, is on the rise.
- 友禅染の色彩豊かな彩色方法を考案したのは京都出身の扇絵師、宮崎友禅斎だが、糊置き防染の技法自体はそのころすでに一応の完成を見ていた。
- Yuzensai MIYAZAKI, the folding fan painter from Kyoto, invented the coloring method of the colorful yuzen-zome, but the resisting technique using resist paste was already completed at the time.
- 寄席(よせ)とは、都市において落語・浪曲・講談・漫才・奇術などの技芸を観客に見せるため席亭(興行主)が経営する常設の興行小屋である。
- A yose originally referred to a permanent hut operated by a promoter where professionals of rakugo (traditional comic storytelling), rokyoku (naniwabushi recitation), kodan storytelling, manzai or a comic dialogue, or magicians entertained their audiences by exhibiting their skills in speaking or trickery.
- 穂数が少ない茶筅で薄茶を点てるには技量を必要とするため、逆に穂数の多い茶筅を用いることで自らの未熟を示して謙遜する意味合いもあった。
- Making thin tea by using chasen with a smaller number of bristles requires skill, and using chasen with many bristles instead was one way for the feudal lords to show their inexperience with humility.
- 著者は不詳であるが、当時の伊丹における鴻池流の酒造技術について述べてあることから、その流派の杜氏が著したものとの見方がなされている。
- The writer has not been specified yet, but it is assumed that a sake brewing expert of Konoike school in Itami might have written the book because it contains descriptions about then-current sake brewing technology of the school.
- 善阿弥が造った山水画風の睡蔭軒の小庭は『蔭涼軒日録』にて絶賛されているが、室町時代の作庭技術の発達には山水河原者が多く関与している。
- Suiin-ken House's (literally, 'Shaded eaves for Sleeping') small garden, that Zenami made with a landscape painting style, was praised highly in the 'Inryo-ken House Diary', however, technical developments of garden designs during the Muromachi period were greatly attributed to landscape gardeners.
- 同年9月には、日本放送協会制作の『にんげんドキュメント』で「大仏に挑む 平成の仏師・技と心」として、その工房の製作活動が放送された。
- In September of the same year, 'Ningen Document' (Human Document), produced by the Japan Broadcasting Association (NHK), aired the production activity of that studio as 'Skill and Heart of Heisei period Busshi challenging Daibutsu' (Great Buddhist Statue).
- しかしたとえ廉価で醸造適性の低い一般米からでも、杜氏の技量によっていくらでも優れた完成酒が製成されているという事実は特記されてよい。
- However, it should be noted that excellent kanseishu are produced from low-priced general-purpose rice with low brewing aptitude, thanks to the excellent capabilities of the chief sake brewers.
- 明治時代に日本に導入された油絵を「洋画」と呼ぶのに対して、油彩に依らず、それまでの日本の伝統的な技法や様式の上に育てられた絵画を指す。
- While oil painting, which was introduced to Japan in the Meiji period, is called Yo-ga (foreign style painting), Nihon-ga refers to paintings which utilize traditional Japanese techniques and styles and rather than being reliant on oil paint.
- 現在演じられる形は清の時代に確立された形で、北方の北獅と南方の南獅の系統(中国武術家で伝承されその身体技法による)があり、競技もある。
- Established in the age of the Qing dynasty, the present performance styles of the Chinese lion dance are categorized into two, Northern style and Southern style, - the latter has been handed down in the communities of the practitioners of Chinese martial arts, and it is performed with their physical techniques - and there are dance competitions.
- フードビジネスの世界ではワインにおけるソムリエのように、客の好みに合せたアドバイスを行い、食べ物との相性を知る為にも必要な技術である。
- In the food business, it is a skill much like that of wine sommeliers required for giving advice tailored to each customer's palate or exploring matching food.
- 大東流では多く伝わる逆関節技や、足による踏み技・固め技など、荒々しい技の殆どが合気道で省かれているのも、この思想性によると考えられる。
- It is believed that most of the many rough techniques taught in Daito school, such as reverse joint techniques, stamping techniques and grappling using the feet, are omitted from Aikido due to this ideology.
- 合理的な体の運用により体格体力に関わらず「小よく大を制する」、また投げ技・固め技により、相手を傷つけずに制することが可能とされている。
- Through the rational use of the body, it is believed that 'small can beat big' regardless of body build or strength, and that with throwing techniques and grappling one's opponent can be controlled without being hurt.
- しかし乱取が競技化したことにより (組み付いた状態での) 投げ技と寝技の乱取稽古に特化し、当身技や対武器の技術は形稽古のみで行われた。
- However, the style of randori (freestyle practice) was incorporated into the competition of judo, and judo became specialized in randori of throwing and ground grappling techniques (in a physical contact), while body-striking and counter-weapon techniques were used only in kata geiko (practice of 'kata' [pre-arranged forms of offense and defense]).
- この裁縫の教育の目的は、裁縫の専門家を育てるためではなく、また、女性が工場で裁縫の仕事ができるような技術を身につけるためでもなかった。
- The purpose of this hand-sewing class was neither to make them professional sewers nor to train them as tailors working in factories.
- 文化財保護法は、無形文化財を「演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの」としている。
- The Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties' stipulates that intangible cultural properties include 'performance, music, craft techniques and the like with particularly high historical or artistic value for Japan'.
- 大内田による古活字版とキリシタン版の関係の指摘から、森上修と山口忠男の印刷技法についての考究から、国字本についての研究が多く出ている。
- Based on an indication of a relationship between an old edition and the Kirishitan-ban given by Ouchida, as well as researches on printing techniques by Osamu MORIGAMI and Tadao YAMAGUCHI, many research papers on the Japanese script version of Jesuit Mission Press have been published.
- そのため必然的に、日本から輸出される対象となるのが、吟醸酒に代表されるような日本の水や技術でしか作れない高級酒となっているわけである。
- Therefore, inevitably, the high grade sake such as ginjoshu which can be brewed only by water and techniques of Japan is exported from Japan.
- 文章上はよい展開に見える曲も実際の演技にそぐうものでなくては意味がない、言葉の余韻を大切にし、文章は簡潔かつ意味を明快にせよ……など。
- It does not make any sense if the piece which seems to have a good plot on sentences does not match the actual performance, and much weight must be placed on resonance of words and sentences and their meanings must be concise…etc.
- 小笠原流・武田流は「もっぱら法式を第一とする」(「弓術要覧」『古事類苑 武技部』』)とされ、弓馬に関する故実(弓馬故実)の流派である。
- Ogasawara school and Takeda school is said 'to place priority on etiquette' ('Kyujutsu-yoran (directory of archery)', 'Bugibu of Kojiruien encyclopedia') and schools of ancient practices on Kyuba (Kyuba-kojitsu).
- 普通の大きさの和紙を「喰い裂き」と呼ばれる技法で、見た目には継ぎ目がわからないようにして繋ぎ、縦約3.1メートルの巨大な画面を作った。
- Normal sized washi were jointed in a seamless manner by a special technique called 'Kuisaki' (a method to make a larger paper with small papers, through the use of wetted papers; the tearing by hand, not using cutlery, creating rougher edges in joining several papers) to be the large screen of approximately 3.1 meters in height.
- 池の水深は浅く汀線が複雑に湾曲しており、池底に玉石を敷き池縁に石を立てるなど、奈良時代の作庭技法と当時の庭園の様子を伺うことができる。
- The pond is shallow and a boundary line between a pond and the land curves in a complicated manner, and the bottom of the pond is embedded with round stones and large stones are arranged around the edge of the pond, which suggests the gardening technique of the Nara period and the garden of the tim, when it was produced.
- 展示館は宮内省内匠寮技師片山東熊(かたやまとうくま)設計の本館(特別展示館)と京都大学名誉教授森田慶一設計の新館(平常展示館)がある。
- Among its exhibition halls, the main hall (Special Exhibition Hall) was designed by Tokuma KATAYAMA, a leading architect for the Imperial Household, and the new hall (the Collections Hall) was designed by Keichi MORITA, a professor emeritus at Kyoto University.
- 西村公朝(にしむら こうちょう、1915年(大正4年)6月4日 - 2003年(平成15年)12月2日)は、仏師・仏像修理技師・僧侶。
- Kocho NISHIMURA (June 4, 1915 - December 2, 2003) was a busshi (sculptor of Buddhist Statues), Buddhist Statues repair specialist, and Buddhist priest.
- しかし、合気道は誰もが武道と認めるが、ほとんどの流派は試合・競技は行わないよう、「それがない武道は武道とは言えない」ということはない。
- However, although aikido (the art of weaponless self-defense) is regarded as a budo by all, most of the schools of aikido do not hold games or competitions and so it is wrong to say that 'the budo without holding them cannot be a budo.'
- 帝室技芸員(ていしつぎげいん)は、明治23年(1890年)から終戦直後まで宮内省によって運営されていた、美術・工芸作家の顕彰制度である。
- Teishitsu Gigeiin was a system for honoring craftspeople and artisans, which had been operated by the Imperial Household Ministry since 1890 until right after the end of the war (World War II).
- 作家個人の技量は勿論であるが、確かな全体構成を基に、細部に拘わらず一気に「描き上げる」ための、強靱かつ自由な精神性がより強く要求される。
- As well as the individual skill of the artist, a strong and free spiritual nature for 'painting off' in a breath without regard to details based on an absolute total composition is required more.
- 江戸時代には加賀藩が大々的に製菓事業に対して奨励策を取った事から、金沢市では落雁の技術が進化しており、長生殿はこうした成果の一つである。
- In the Edo period, the Kaga Clan implemented extensive incentive measures for the confectionery business in its domain whereby, as a result, manufacturing techniques for rakugan has much progressed in Kanazawa City, and Choseiden (celebrated rakugan presently made in Kanazawa City) is one of the achievements of the time.
- しかし、やがてそのメロディーは邦楽的技巧表現の傾向を強め、1960年代に美空ひばりを得ることによって演歌の巨匠としてその地位を確立した。
- Later on, however, the Melodies increasingly became the expression of techniques of Japanese music, and appearance of Hibari MISORA in the 1960s elevated Koga to a position of enka master.
- この地域では家庭毎に蕎麦打ちの技術が伝えられていたこともあって長らく蕎麦屋が無かったが、本山手打そば振興会の手によって蕎麦屋が開店した。
- In this region, due in part to the tradition of passing down the art of soba making for generations at each household, there were no soba restaurants for a long time but, in recent years, some soba eateries were started by Motoyama Teuchi-Soba Shinkokai (Promotion Society for Motoyama Hand-Made Buckwheat Noodles).
- ザラメに溶いたグラニュー糖をかけつつ数日大釜で転がすだけであの形になるが、その回転の加減でまん丸になってしまうため熟練の大技がなす形状)
- The shape with bulges is made by rolling coarse sugar and showering granulated sugar water in a large spinning tub for several days, but considerable skills are needed to correctly adjust the speed of the rolling, otherwise the shape would become round.
- なお霞・星的を用いる通常の競技では的中の判定は「あたり」か「はずれ」のみであり、的のどこにあたろうと差はない(詳細は弓道競技方法参照)。
- In general kyudo competitions which use kasumi-mato or hoshi-mato, 'atari' (hit) and 'hazure' (miss) are the only decisions, no matter which area of the mato an arrow hits on (refer to the section of Competition in Kyudo for further details).
- その一方で「残月」「越後獅子」「吾妻獅子」「梅の月」など、手事を技巧的で長いものとし、三味線が器楽的に大いに活躍する曲をも多数作曲した。
- However, he also wrote many pieces such as 'Zangetsu' (A Morning Moon), 'Echigo Jishi' (Lion of Echigo), 'Azuma Jishi' (Lion of Azuma) and 'Ume no Tsuki' (Plum Moon) in which the tegotomono is long and technical, and in which the shamisen is a featured instrument.
- 生魚を切っただけの刺身もまた、完成された日本料理として、世界的に認知されている(刺身については、高度な技巧を要する調理法との指摘もある)。
- Sashimi made by just cutting raw fish is also globally recognized as a complete Japanese dish (there is an opinion that sashimi is a cooking method requiring a high technique).
- 特に2000年、世界保健機関(WHO)から蚊帳の増産とアフリカへの無償技術移転を依頼された住友化学はタンザニアに工場を二箇所建設している。
- Following a request by the World Health Organization (WHO) to increase mosquito net production and voluntary export of technology to Africa, Sumitomo Chemicals Co., Ltd. constructed two factories in Tanzania in the year 2000.
- (蒲焼の誕生には、醤油・みりん・酒・砂糖などの甘み調味料の普及と同時に、生きたウナギをさばく技術がなければ完成しなかったといわれている。)
- (It is said that for the kabayaki to be born and to be completed in its current form, it was necessary for seasoning ingredients, such as soy sauce, mirin, rice wine and a sweetener, such as sugar, to be widely available, along with the technique to fillet live eels.)
- 日本でおこなわれる競技は、国際ルールと同じ射距離50メートルで「日本公式種子島標的(黒点径40cm)」を使用する「長筒立射」「長筒膝射」。
- The match in Japan uses 'Japan official Tanegashima target (the target diameter is 40 cm)' whose shooting distance is 50 meters, same as international rules, which is called 'standing shooting with a long arm gun,' 'kneeling shooting with a long barrel.'
- その後、合成繊維の開発が進み、伸縮性のある水着に適した生地が出現したことや、縫製技術も進歩したこともあり公式競技では褌は使われなくなった。
- Following this, fundoshi fell out of use at official competitions due to the appearance of flexible fabrics suitable for swimwear as a result of development of synthetic fibers, as well as due to development of sewing techniques.
- ただし近年では、劇付随音楽としての竹本の独自性や技術を積極的に再評価し、文楽義太夫とはまた別の音楽として考える傾向がつよくなってきている。
- Recently, however, there is a growing trend toward the active revaluation of the originality and techniques of Takemoto as accompaniment to plays and a growing tendency to consider Takemoto and Bunraku Gidayu as separate music.
- これらの技法の習得には、色々な教育機関を通じて書家に師事し、古典を中心に学習し、書道展などに出品しながら技量を高めていくのが一般的である。
- These techniques are generally acquired by learning from Shoka (calligrapher) through various educational institutions, studying focusing on the classics, and entering products in Shodo exhibitions to heighten one's own skills.
- 浮世絵と呼ばれる木版画が主要な芸術手段となり、浮世絵の技術は日刊新聞から教科書にいたるまで用途にぴたりとあった色彩豊かな作品を生み出した。
- The woodblock print called the Ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints) became the major artistic means, and skills of Ukiyoe created colorful paintings to exactly suit its purposes; from daily newspapers to textbooks.
- これは、残心をより高いレベルに昇華し、一つの技を行う前・行っている最中・終えた後も引き続き一貫して維持される精神状態を体現したものである。
- This embodies a state of mind in which the zan-shin is sublimated into a higher level to be maintained consistently before, during and after the attack.
- 身長150センチ余りの小柄な体躯から特異な技を繰り出す武道家の評判はやがて東京でも関心を呼び、1927年海軍大将竹下勇らの支援を得て上京。
- The reputation of this 150cm martial artist who, with his small build, performed peculiar techniques, attracted attention in Tokyo, and in 1927 he moved there with support from the full admiral Isamu TAKESHITA and others.
- 舞と謡を担当し、実際に演技を行うのがシテ方、ワキ方および狂言方であり、伴奏音楽を担当するのが囃子方(笛方、小鼓方、大鼓方、太鼓方)である。
- Dancing and chanting of the Noh text and in fact performing the art are done by the protagonist (Shite), the Nohwaki and the Noh jester (Kyogenkata), while the accompanied music is performed by musicians (small drum, big drum and side bass drum).
- 越前鳥の子の名産地の岩本村で、紙漉きの技術者が何らかの事情で村を出て、紙漉きの名塩に辿り着き、泥間似合紙を工夫開発したものといはれている。
- It is said that a paper making engineer left the Iwamoto-mura village, a famous production area of Echizen torinoko, for some reason, and reached Najio, another production area, and invented doromaniai-shi (fusuma paper that incorporates soil).
- 百人一首の歌碑建設、百人一首の殿堂時雨殿(2006年1月27日開館)の建設や、百人一首のシンポジウム、競技大会などの開催を目的としている。
- The purpose of the foundation includes the construction of poetry monuments for Hyakunin Isshu, construction of the Shigure-den Palace, which is the edifice for Hyakunin Isshu (inaugurated on January 27, 2006), and symposiums and contests for Hyakunin Isshu.
- 行政・司法各部門支部図書館の館長はそれぞれの事務官・技官から任命されるが、その任命権は立法府の職員である国立国会図書館長に与えられている。
- The chief librarians of the branch libraries of the Executive and Judicial agencies are appointed from among the administrative and technical officers, but the position of appointment is given to the chief librarian of the NDL, who is a staff of the Legislative branch of the government.
- 北村捨次郎らの設計による、数寄屋造りの高度な技法を凝らして作られた建築物と、近代日本庭園の先駆者である小川治兵衛が作った美しい庭園がある。
- This villa is composed of buildings constructed by incorporating advanced the technique of Sukiya-zukuri based upon the design of Sutejiro KITAMURA and so on, and a beautiful garden which was designed by Jihei OGAWA, a pioneering engineer of modern Japanese gardens.
- 一方、勧進相撲として発達した大相撲は、その歴史的背景から各地の寺社の境内で不定期に興行されるのが常態で、長らくの専用の競技場を持たなかった。
- As the grand sumo tournament has a historical background of having been developed from kanjin zumo (fund-raising sumo held in aid of a temple or a shrine), it used to be performed irregularly in the precincts of temples and shrines, and lacked its own stadium for a long period.
- これら新技術の登場は、たしかにコスト削減には役立ったが、外硬内軟といった蒸し米の基本を踏んでいないために酒質はさらに低下せざるをえなかった。
- These new techniques actually contributed to decrease costs, but the quality of sake had to declined furthermore because they didn't go through a fundamental step using the steamed rice with its outside hard and inside soft.
- さらに料理技術の発達と共に、「もてなし」が「手間をかける」ことに繋がり、現在の茶道や料亭文化にみられる様式を重視した「懐石」料理が完成した。
- With the development of cooking techniques, 'hospitality' came to mean 'devoting a great deal of time and effort', and 'kaiseki' ryori came to value highly those forms currently seen at sado or fancy Japanese-style restaurants.
- これらの城は、中国風の城壁都市の概念から来るものであり、国府として用いられたが、城壁建築技術が低かったため、柵などを築くことで代用している。
- These castles came from the Chinese concept of walled cities and were used as provincial capitals, but walls were replaced by fences because of poor castle wall construction technology.
- これによって平安時代中期から培われた僧坊酒の伝統は衰滅していき、のちに寺そのものが再建されても、もはや醸造技術が寺院に復活することはなかった。
- This caused a decline in the tradition of Soboshu since the middle of the Heian period, and brewing techniques never revived even after temples themselves were revived.
- また、たとえば箏曲「六段の調」に、吉沢の手付による胡弓パートが合奏される場合、特別に「長崎六段」と呼ばれるほど独自で技巧的な手付になっている。
- In addition, when, for example, Kokyu was played together with So in 'Rokudan no shirabe' (Music of Six Steps), a piece of music for So, using the music score written by Yoshizawa, it is specifically called 'Nagasaki Rokudan' because the score was so unique and needed such a high skill level to play.
- 日本では昭和からの大規模な書道展の開催により、書道が近代芸術としての地位を確立したことから、その芸術作品としての創作方法も書の技法に加わった。
- In Japan, large-scale Shodo exhibitions were held since the Showa period which established Shodo's status as modern art, consequently a creative method as art work is added to Shodo technique.
- 同様の事例に1994年6月11日の横浜F・マリノス-横浜フリューゲルス戦の横浜ダービー(平塚競技場=湘南ベルマーレのホームスタジアム)がある。
- As a similar case, the Yokohama Derby match between Yokohama F. Marinos and Yokohama Flugels on June 11, 1994 (played in Hiratsuka Athletics Stadium which is the home stadium of Shonan Bellmare) can be provided.
- 近年では播磨科学公園都市・先端科学技術センターにおけるピーター・ウォーカーらの砂紋を配した庭空間デザイニングにその影響を読み取ることが出来る。
- It can be inferred that, in recent years, gardens with sand ripples designed by Peter Walker inside Harima Science Garden City and Center for Advanced Science and Technology were inspired by such influence.
- 外国資料については、国際交換や購入により、学術研究や参考調査に有用な人文・社会科学資料や、科学技術資料、日本関係資料などを中心に収集している。
- Regarding foreign materials, the NDL collects primarily materials on humanities and social science, materials on science and technology, and materials on Japan, which are useful for academic study and reference research through international exchanges and purchases.
- 写経は、印刷技術が発展していなかった時代には仏法を広めるため、またはひとつの寺院でも複数の僧侶で修行・講義・研究するために必要なことであった。
- Shakyo was necessary to spread Buddhism in a time when printing technology had not been developed, and it was also necessary for many priests in a single temple to conduct ascetic practice, to give lectures, and to conduct research.
- 「風呂敷」を一時期のファッションとして終わらせるのではなく、真に実用的たらしめるためには、自在に包むことができる技を身につけることが必要である。
- In order to make 'Furoshiki' really practical instead of leaving it finished as a fad, it is necessary to learn techniques to wrap up things as desired.
- これ以降、先に出された遺題を解き新たな遺題を出すという連鎖(遺題継承)が始まり、和算で扱われる問題は急速に実用の必要を超え、技巧化・複雑化した。
- Since then, the chain of solving an idai and presenting a new one in a new edition started (the succession of idai), and as such, the mathematical problems in wasan became increasingly technical and complicated beyond practical needs.
- 当時は獣類をウマで追い騎射をする競技を総称して「追物射」(おうものい)と言い、牛を追う「牛追物」などもあったが、犬を追う「犬追物」だけが残った。
- At that time, the hunting that horsemen did Kisha (to shoot an arrow with riding a horse) at animals was called 'oumonoi,' and there were also other games such as 'Ushioumono' (cows-hunting event, a skill of an archery) but only 'Inuoumono' had been preserved.
- 従来の庭園でも技法として庭園の一部に用いられ、寝殿造庭園でも枯山水の部分を含み大名屋敷に造られていく回遊式庭園も枯山水を含んでいることがあった。
- It was traditionally used as part of a design technique for a garden; some gardens of a mansion palace were partly dry landscaped, some excursion style gardens with an actual pond of a feudal lord's (daimyo) mansion, also included a dry landscape.
- 平安時代後期に庭園の地割、石組、滝・遣水、植裁等の技法について著された秘伝書『作庭記』には自然の風景からモチーフを得るという主張が貫かれている。
- In the book of secrets 'Sakutei-ki,' that describes the technique of allocating space, water fall/stream, plant gardening written in the late Heian period, insists that the motif of a garden should come from natural scenery.
- 技術面では任天堂が支援し、建築費用21億円は財団理事長で任天堂相談役の山内溥個人が負担、さらに代表取締役専務の宮本茂がプロデュースを行っている。
- Hiroshi YAMAUCHI, president of the foundation and executive adviser to Nintendo, personally bore the construction costs, and Shigeru MIYAMOTO, executive director of Nintendo, runs it with technological support from Nintendo.
- 定朝(じょうちょう、生年不明 - 天喜5年8月1日 (旧暦)(1057年9月2日))は平安時代後期に活躍した仏師で、寄木造技法の完成者とされる。
- Jocho (D.O.B. unknown - died September 2, 1057) was a sculptor active in the latter part of the Heian period and is said to be the sculptor who perfected the technique called yoseki-zukuri, in which the main part of a statue is made out of two or more pieces of wood.
- 競技として試合・組手だけを行っていると、形(型)・演武はおろそかにされ易くなるので、形(型)競技・演武競技も同時に行えばそれを防ぐことができる。
- If we only hold the game and 'kumite' (sparring), the 'kata' and demonstration skills are likely to be neglected, and so by holding 'kata' or demonstration competition at the same time we can prevent them from being neglected.
- 大正まで一般的な酒米であったにもかかわらず、昭和における精米技術の劇的な変化や国情不安などによって、もはや「絶滅」してしまった酒米の種類も多い。
- Many varieties of sakamai that were typical sakamai until the Taisho period but were 'extinguished' due to the drastic change in rice-polishing technique and unstable conditions in Japan.
- 逆に便器のトップシェア2社は、エレクトロニクス制御技術や陶器以外の新素材導入では家電品メーカーに水を空けられており、温水洗浄便座では苦戦している。
- In contrast, the two top share companies of the toilet basin fall behind the household appliance manufacturers in the introduction of new materials except for the technology of electronics control or pottery and the two have a tough time in the market of onsui senjo benza.
- 室町時代には日明貿易によって引き続き中国文化が持ち込まれ、この時期に輸入された織物や陶器、書画などは、現代に残る伝統工芸品の技術に流れ込んでいる。
- In the Muromachi period, Chinese culture continued to be brought in by the trade between Japan and the Ming Dynasty in China, and textiles, earthenware, and calligraphic works and paintings which were imported during this time fed into techniques of traditional crafts remaining in the modern age.
- 一方で演武とは、技を観客に見せることが目的であるために、受け手には次に来る技が分かっており、未熟な受け手は投げ手に積極的に合わせてしまう事がある。
- Meanwhile, the purpose of enbu is to show techniques to the audience, so the defender knows what technique is next, and inexperienced defenders may be actively attuned to the thrower.
- 的屋(まとや)が営む「懸け物の的場(景品交換式遊技場)」は、現在の温泉場や宿場町に残る射的場の起源であり、スマートボールやパチンコの源流でもある。
- The shooting galleries found in today's hot spring and inn towns, as well as 'smartball' and 'pachinko' (both forms of pinball), originated in the 'gambling shooting ranges' run by 'matoya' (shooting shop), with customers winning prizes rather than money.
- - 弓矢を使った射的遊技場を営むものであるが、「吹き矢」を使った回転版を的とする射的や「ぶん回し」と呼ばれるルーレットも江戸時代から存在していた。
- These were games where people shot arrows at targets, and from the Edo Period (1603-1868) also include shooting at a rotating target with 'blow guns' and a kind of roulette called 'bunmawashi.'
- この裁縫の教育の目的は、女性が家庭で自身や家族の衣服の裁縫ができるように、女性に和裁としての裁縫の基本的な技術を教えることであり、強く奨励された。
- The purpose of this hand-sewing class was to teach them basic Japanese hand-sewing so they can sew clothes for themselves and their families, which was encouraged in those days.
- 日本の芸能や武術などにおいて、ひとつの分野について他との技術、手法、心構え、表現の目的、表現にあたっての解釈などの差異を理由として形成された集団。
- 'Ryugi' represents groups of people in Japanese performing arts and martial arts, each formed based on differences from other groups in techniques, approaches, purposes of expression, interpretation of arts to be expressed and so forth in one field of the arts.
- しかし第二次世界大戦当時の日本では東南アジア方面のゴム資源が得られにくくなっており、合成樹脂の大量生産は技術的にも経済的にも確立されていなかった。
- During the World War II, however, Japan experienced the difficulty in procuring rubber from Southeast Asia and in mass-producing synthetic resin both technologically and economically.
- 線がふっくらとして実に艶美な感じを与えるが、濃淡の変化の際立った墨つぎと、太い線と細い線を絡ませてゆく技巧とが、この色紙に一段と精彩を添えている。
- The fuller lines have a truly seductive air, and the sumi-tsugi, which brings out changes in shading, together with the technique of interweaving thick and thin lines make this Shikishi stand out.
- 文化財の保存のために欠くことのできない材料製作、修理、修復などの伝統的な技術は、文化財には該当しないが、文化財保護法による保護の対象となっている。
- Although the material production, repair, restoration and traditional skills indispensable for the preservation of cultural properties aren't 'cultural properties,' they are within the scope of protection under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties.
- 衣食住、生業、信仰、年中行事等に関する風俗慣習、民俗芸能、民俗技術及びこれらに用いられる衣類、器具、家屋その他の物件は民俗文化財と定義されている。
- Folk cultural properties are defined as being the folk customs, public entertainments and traditional skills, and the associated costumes, tools and stages related to the indispensables such as foods, clothing, housings, livelihoods, beliefs and annual events.
- さらに、前述したように、当時の精錬技術では、自然銅のなかでも大量に存在する硫化銅は利用できず、銅酸化物と呼ばれる限られた鉱石しか利用できなかった。
- Furthermore, as mentioned above, native copper ores used by then-current refining technology were limited to cuprate only and the abundant reserves of copper sulfide under the ground could not be used.
- また例えば浜寺公園駅駅舎は、建築家、辰野金吾の設計によるもので、このような正規の建築教育を受けた建築家や技師の建てたものは擬洋風建築とは言わない。
- Buildings designed or built by officially educated architects or engineers, such as the building of Hamaderakoen Station designed by architect Kingo TATSUNO, are also not called Gi-yofu architecture.
- 国技館では昨今の観客数の減少に歯止めをかける改革の一環として、特別限定チケット「二人枡」を試験的に導入したが、その数はまだ極めて少数に止まっている。
- As part of an initiative aiming to put the brakes on declining audience figures, the Japan Sumo Association introduced 'masuseki for two' as an experiment by selling special limited tickets for the tournament at Ryogoku Kokugikan, however, this has not proved popular.
- 今日大相撲本場所が行なわれる両国国技館・大阪府立体育会館・愛知県体育館・福岡国際センターでは、いずれも一階席のほぼ全席が高土間式の枡席となっている。
- Ryogoku Kokugikan, Osaka Prefectural Gymnasium, Aichi Prefectural Gymnasium, and Fukuoka Convention Center, the venues where the official grand sumo tournament is held today, have adopted the masuseki of taka-doma type for almost all the seats on the first floor.
- また高度な技術ではあるが、上下の長さの差から来る弓の上下の反発力の違いを利用し、矢の飛び方に変化(飛距離を出す、鋭く飛ばす、等)を付ける事が出来る。
- Although advanced in skill, one could use the difference in the reflection of upper and lower body of the bow, and control the way arrows are shot (give more flight distance, fly it straight, etc.).
- 武芸十八般とは、元は江戸時代初期に中国から伝わった言葉であるが、江戸時代の日本の武家階級において武士が修得すべきとされた18種類の武技の総称である。
- Bugei Juhappan is the term that was originally introduced into Japan from China during the early Edo period, and has become the generic name which referred to the eighteen kinds of bugi all of which samurai were required to master in the Japanese bushi class of the Edo period.
- なお、技法にはシンクロナイズドスイミングと共通する技があり、日本にシンクロナイズドスイミングを導入したのもその共通性に注目した日本泳法の団体である。
- There are some techniques as in common with synchronized swimming, and it was a group of Nihon eiho who introduced the synchronized swimming to Japan since they noticed the commonality between the two.
- 古賀メロディーについては、初期、クラシックの正統派・東京芸大出身の藤山一郎(声楽家増永丈夫)の声楽技術を正統に解釈したクルーン唱法で一世を風靡した。
- At first, the Koga Melodies became very popular, sung with a technique called crooning based on the strict interpretation of the vocal technique of Ichiro FUJIYAMA (vocalist Takeo MASUNAGA), an orthodox classical singer who graduated from the Tokyo University of the Arts.
- 武士が戦うための技芸であった武芸,兵法を基に、室町時代の終わり頃から剣術や柔術、槍術、弓術、砲術などがそれぞれ様々な流派として技術化、体系化された。
- Based on bugei (a military art) or hyoho (an art of warfare) which had been a practical art for samurai (warriors) to fight with, since around the end of the Muromachi period, kenjutsu (swordplay), jujutsu (classical Japanese martial art, usually referring to fighting without a weapon), sojutsu (the art of spearmanship), kyujutsu (the art of Japanese archery), hojutsu (gunnery), etc. have been evolved technically and systematized as various schools respectively.
- 1996年、本来ガンバ大阪のホームスタジアムである万博記念競技場で1試合ホームゲームを行っている(詳細はエピソード及びJリーグの試合中止例を参照)。
- In 1996, the club played one home game in Osaka Expo '70 Stadium which is originally the home stadium for Gamba Osaka (for the details, please refer to Episode and Examples of suspension of the J. League games.)
- 根来のみは織田信長・豊臣秀吉による紀州攻めの影響で安土桃山時代期以降衰退したが、国友・日野・堺はその後も鉄砲の生産地として栄え、高い技術力を誇った。
- Only Negoro-ji Temple declined after the Azuchi-Momoyama period because of the influence of Siege of Kishu by Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, but even after that, Kunitomo, Hino and Sakai flourished as production areas for guns and they were proud of their high technical capabilities.
- JICAによると、エンザロ・ジコ以外にも同機構の技術協力プロジェクトの派遣先にて日本式竈を現地にある材料で使いながら伝える活動が行われていると言う。
- According to JICA, besides Enzaro Jiko, staff at other places where technical cooperation projects are being conducted have been introducing Japanese-style kamado, using materials available in the local area.
- 個々の職業について、職業についての必要な情報の収集、コンテンツの制作を行い、書籍、視聴覚資料等を最新のICT技術を用い、しごと館内外に広く提供する。
- This program collects information on every job, creates content relating to them, and provides people across the world with this content in the form of books, movies and other audio-visual media making use of the latest Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
- 同じような主題や図様、独特の技法を意識的に選択・踏襲することで流派のアイデンティティを保持する一方で、絵師独自の発見と解釈が加わり再構成されていった。
- While the Rinpa school maintained its identity by deliberately choosing and following similar subjects, design and unique technique, artists added their own discoveries and interpretations to augment the existing style.
- 敵に武器を投げつけて、傷つけたり、自分の危難を逃れようとする技法は古くからあったが、その際に使う武器は飛礫(つぶて)や短刀、打根、打矢、針などだった。
- There had long been methods of escaping danger or hurting an enemy by throwing weapons at them, but the weapons used were tsubute (throwing stones), short swords, uchine (throwing arrows), uchiya (throwing arrows), and needles among other weapons.
- 昭和5年(1930年)には縦型精米機の登場などによって精米技術が飛躍的に発達し、吟醸酒を造るのに欠かせない高い精米歩合が容易に実現されるようになった。
- The rice polishing technique was rapidly developed such as an appearance of a vertical-type rice-milling machine in 1930, and the high ratio in rice polishing which was necessary for brewing ginjoshu became possible easily.
- また、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部による武道の禁止が契機となって、戦闘技法であることをやめて精神修養のみを目的とする新たな現代武道が発祥・隆盛している。
- Moreover, with the Budo Ban by the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers as a turning point, the new gendai budo which had given up being battle techniques and which emphasized only moral improvement was formed and has been prospering.
- エドヒガンやヤマザクラ、オオシマザクラなどは比較的に変性を起こしやすい種であり、このため、園芸技術の発達に伴ってこれらを用いた品種改良が多く行われた。
- There are relatively easily denatured kinds such as Edohigan, Yamazakura, Oshimazakura, which were therefore used often for improvements of species, along with the development of horticultural technology.
- 誰が発明したかはともかく、寿司に酢が使われ、酢の醸造技術も進んできて、いよいよ発酵を待たずに酢で酸味を得て食する寿司、「早寿司」が誕生することになる。
- Regardless of who invented sushi, as a result of using vinegar in making sushi, and the advancement in technology of brewing vinegar, sushi which was acidulated with vinegar without waiting for fermentation, so-called 'Haya-zushi,' came into being.
- 指定にあたっては、たとえば「人形浄瑠璃文楽」「能楽」のような芸能、「備前焼」「彫金」のような工芸技術といった無形の「わざ」を重要無形文化財に指定する。
- Intangible skills such as performing art including 'ningyojoruri' (Japanese traditional puppet show) and 'nogaku' (classical Japanese musical drama) or technique of arts and crafts including 'bizen yaki' (Japanese pottery produced in Okayama Prefecture) and 'chokin' (metalworking technique) are designated as important intangible cultural properties.
- 弥生時代には現在の和弓の原形(長尺・上長下短:後述)が現れ戦争に使用される等、何らかの射術技法があったと推察する事も可能だが、やはり詳細は不明である。
- It is possible that in the Yayoi Period a technique existed for shooting a bow and arrow which was the original present day Wakyu (long bow with long upper half and short lower half - mentioned below) used in battle, but the details are not known.
- 和弓には弓の右側に位置する矢を真っ直ぐに押し出す為の『入木』という反りが付けられており、射法もそれを活かす為に『角見(つのみ)』の技術が発達してきた。
- A warp called 'Iriki' is set on Wakyu in order to push the arrow along the right side of a bow, and the technique of shooting called 'Tunomi (the balance of tension at the root of the thumb)' was developed to take advantage of it.
- 紙屋(かんや)院の技術指導によって、各地で紙漉きが盛んになり、律令制度の統制力の弱体化とも相まって、紙屋(かんや)院は原料の調達が思わしくなくなった。
- With technical instruction from kanyain, paper making became popular in various places and kanyain began to experience the lack of materials together with the weakening of the administration's controlling power.
- 現在では、同じ「弓道」という競技において、本来は目的の異なる別のものである「歩射」「騎射」「堂射」の違いを深く理解している射手は少数となってしまった。
- Nowadays, they are both categorized as competitive game 'Archery,' though, there are a small number of archers who thoroughly understand the difference between 'walking archery,' 'riding archery,' and 'long-range archery,' the purposes of which were originally different.
- 平安時代には蹴鞠は宮廷競技として貴族の間で広く親しまれるようになり、貴族達は自身の屋敷に鞠場と呼ばれる専用の練習場を設け、日々練習に明け暮れたという。
- During Heian period, as an athletic sport at Court, kemari was popular among noblemen, therefore nobleman built a private practice ground called 'mari-ba' (ball ground) on their own residences, and they spent the whole day practicing, every day.
- 試合・競技のある武道であっても、修行者によって目的は異なり、試合・競技を目標とする者がいる一方で、稽古を中心とし試合・競技にこだわらない者も存在する。
- Even in the budo that holds the game or competition, the aim varies from one disciplinant to another; some aim to win, but others concentrate on their own training without sticking to them.
- しかし江戸時代後期、灘五郷において水車を使う大規模で高度な精米技術が生まれ、そのため灘は産する酒の質においても先発であった伊丹や池田を凌駕するに至った。
- However in the late Edo period, a high-grade rice polishing technique was devised in Nada-Gogo, which enabled large-scale polishing with a waterwheel, and the technique pushed Nada above Itami and Ikeda (the advanced sake producing districts) in terms of sake quality.
- これは高度な型染め技術を用いて一つの型紙で黄色や赤、緑などの多色使いの鮮やかな文様を描く染物で、本土でも袋物などの生地として珍重されるなど人気を博した。
- It is a dyeing technique of drawing a colorful pattern with multiple colors such as yellow, red, and green using a single pattern paper by an advanced technique of dyeing with patterns, and it became so popular in the mainland that it was used to make pouches and the like.
- 戦後の農業革新の過程で、戦前~戦時の遺産(畑地や醸造技術など)を生かして、生産に適した地域ではある程度の規模をもったワイン醸造が民生用として再開された。
- In the course of the agricultural innovation after the war, taking advantage of pre-war and wartime heritage (such as the fields and fermentation technique), the winemaking on a certain scale was resumed for consumer use in the regions suitable for grape-growing.
- 本館の建設は、壮大かつ華麗なもので、門主・光瑞を中心に、工事設計監督技師・鵜飼長三郎ほか4名が建設施工、内部装飾を担当し、建築費に約17万円を費やした。
- The construction of the main building was magnificent and gorgeous; four people - including Kozui, the chief priest, in the central role, Chozaburo UKAI as the supervising construction and design engineer, and others - worked on the design, construction and interior decorations, and spent about 170,000 yen on it.
- ただし、合併が発表される直前のリーグ戦ではサンガと対戦しており、2-3のスコアで敗れている(1998年10月24日・鹿児島県立鴨池運動公園陸上競技場)。
- However, in the league game just before the announcement of the merger, Flugels played against Sanga and lost by the score 2-3 (on October 24, 1998, in Kagoshima Prefectural Kamoike Stadium).
- どんな相手でも相手があって初めて技術の向上が出来ることや相手から自身が学べたり初心に帰る事など、相互扶助であるという認識を常に忘れない心の緊張でもある。
- It is also tension of mind for always remembering to acknowledge mutual aid, so as to improve his or her own techniques, understand oneslf, or reset oneself, owing to the presence of the opponent of any kind.
- 本項では現代武道としての弓道の母体となった、日本古来の弓射技術・文化を指して「弓術」とし、明治維新までを中軸とした一部弓道改称時点までの事情を記述する。
- In this section, we call the Japanese ancient technique and culture of Yumiire, (the basis of Kyudo becoming a modern martial art), 'Kyujutsu,' and describe the situation mainly before the Meiji Restoration and before the Kyujutsu schools changed the name to Kyudo.
- 節「嘉納治五郎が挙げた武道の特徴」で、嘉納治五郎がはじめて武道とした柔道で挙げられるように試合や形競技・演武競技をおこなってこそ武道という考え方もある。
- According to the section on 'the characters of budo according to Jigoro KANO,' some people think the essence of budo lies in the game, the 'kata' (form) competition or demonstration competition, as in judo, which Jigoro KANO first put as a budo.
- 西洋の画家たちが近代的な表現技法に行き詰まりを感じているなか、日本のアートは彼らの心理を、伝統に束縛された慣習から解き放ったひとつの契機となったのである。
- In a period when painters in the West reached a deadlock in modern expression techniques, an encounter with Japanese art became an opportunity to free their minds from the customs restrained by tradition.
- 岩絵具は、2回目ははじいてうまくつかないことが多いが、そのような場合は溶いた絵具にハッカ油かゴマ油を一滴落とすという手法が存在するが、熟練の技術を要する。
- With mineral colors the color is often repelled on the second coat and does not settle on the paper, however in this case adding a drop of mint oil or sesame oil to the dissolved color may be helpful, but this requires great skill.
- そのために剪定を施したり、自然の景観に似せるために枝を針金で固定し時に屈曲させあるいは岩石の上に根を這わせたりと様々な技巧を競うのも楽しみの一つとされる。
- Therefore the branches are pruned and fixed with wire to imitate the aesthetic of nature and sometimes the roots are bent or made to creep over rocks and taking up the challenge of using a variety of techniques is part of the fun.
- その造りには高度な醸造技術を要することから、蔵人たちの修業研鑽のために、また全国新酒鑑評会への出品酒とするために、ごく限られた量だけ実験的に造られていた。
- Since it needed a high brewing technique, a limited amount of it was brewed experimentally for education of kurabito or submitted for Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai.
- また胡弓の技法として、雅楽器である笙の和音を模し、また松風を描写している部分があるが、この手法は後世も雅楽の雰囲気を出すためしばしば使われるようになった。
- There is a part of kokyu resembling chords of sho that is an instrument for the traditional Japanese music and describing the winds through pines with a technique of kokyu, which got to be used often in later times to show an atmosphere of the traditional Japanese music.
- 柔道創始者・嘉納治五郎は植芝盛平の道場を訪れた事があり、その技に魅了された嘉納は望月稔、村重有利、杉野嘉男ら講道館の高段者数名に合気道の修行をさせている。
- Jigoro KANO, the founder of Judo, once visited the dojo of Morihei UESHIBA, and Kano, who was fascinated by the techniques, instructed several high-ranking practitioners from the Kodokan Judo Institute--such as Minoru MOCHIZUKI, Aritoshi MURASHIGE and Yoshio SUGINO--to practice Aikido.
- しかし、美味しい寿司が握れる職人になるには、市場で生鮮魚類を見極める力や、多様な魚の旬を知って脂が乗る時季は薄く切る、などの知識や経験、技術が必要である。
- However, to become a sushi chef who makes good sushi, an ability to distinguish fresh fish at a market, knowledge, experiences and techniques such as slicing fish more thinly when fish are fatty based on the knowledge about season of various kinds of fish, and so on are required.
- 応仁の乱の戦火を逃れて避難していた職人たちは、乱が終わると両軍の本陣の跡地である東陣・西陣に帰還し諸国で習い覚えた明などの新技術も加えて京織物を再興した。
- After the Onin War, weavers who had been evacuated to other places returned to the headquarters of both Nishijin (west camp) and Higashijin (east camp), and revived Kyoto textiles, employing new techniques which they had learned at various provinces, and some of them were introduced from the Ming Empire.
- また、文部科学大臣は、風俗慣習、民俗芸能、民俗技術などの無形の民俗文化財のうち特に重要なものを重要無形民俗文化財に指定することができる(第78条第1項)。
- Among the intangible folk cultural properties (such as folk customs, public entertainments and traditional skills), the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology can designate the ones judged to be especially important as 'important intangible folk cultural properties' (Article 78, Clause 1).
- 「厨子」との区別は必ずしも明確でないが、構造、形式、形態、技法など、実際の社寺建築に準じて製作されたものを「宮殿形厨子」ないし「宮殿」と称することが多い。
- Kuden is not clearly distinguished from 'Zushi', but generally those made like real shrines and temples in their structures, models, forms, and techniques are called 'Kuden-style zushi' or 'Kuden'.
- 奈良・法隆寺金堂の薬師如来坐像は光背に推古天皇15年(607年)の銘があるが、銘文中の用語や像自体の鋳造技法等から、実際の制作は7世紀後半と言われている。
- Although the year of 607 is seen in the halo of the seated statue of Yakushi Nyorai enshrined at the main hall of the Horyu-ji Temple in Nara, it is said, judging from the terms used in its inscription and casting technology employed in the production of the statue, that it was actually produced in the late 7th century.
- しかし天保を迎える頃には、もはや三味線の技巧開拓も行き着く所まで行き着き、「手事」も追求され尽くして、盲人音楽家たちは新たな作曲の展開を様々に模索していた。
- However, by the beginning of Tempo era (1830), the development of shamisen technique had been accomplished and 'tegoto' had also been thoroughly sought, where the blind musicians sought a new development of composition in various ways.
- 四季醸造は昭和になって工業技術と空調設備によって復活したが、日本酒醪などいくつかの工程において、酵母に効果的な活動をうながすために低温であることが望ましい。
- Shikijozo was revived in Showa period with the use of industrial techniques and ventilation systems, but unrefined sake and other processes require low temperatures to encourage effective yeast activity.
- 東京両国国技館の本場所前々日に野見宿弥神社(東京都墨田区)で日本相撲協会の幹部、審判部の幹部、相撲茶屋等関係者が集まり、出雲大社教神官の神事が執り行われる。
- Noble priests of Izumo Grand Shrine, together with related people such as high-ranking staff of the Japan Sumo Association, high-ranking staff of the department of judging of the association, and people from sumo tea shops, conduct Shinto rituals at Nominosukune-jinja Shrine (Sumida Ward, Tokyo) two days before a grand sumo tournament held at Tokyo-Ryogoku Sumo amphitheater.
- 古武道(こぶどう)(古流武術、古武術等もほぼ同義)とは、日本の伝統的な、徒手もしくは鈍器や刃物、火器などの武器による闘いのための技術を体系化したものの総称。
- Kobudo is a generic name which refers to the systematized Japanese traditional martial arts to fight without arms or with arms like dull weapons, cutting tools, firearms, and so on (kobudo is sometimes called koryubujutsu, kobujutsu, etc. which have almost the same meaning as kobudo).
- 当時日本の伝統文化を軽視する風潮があったことにくわえ、広大なスペースと大勢の競技者が必要な犬追物は、興行にも、その稽古にも多大な費用を必要としたからである。
- Because, in addition to the tendency of ignoring Japanese traditional culture at that time, Inuoumono which required a huge space and many participants needed also tremendous amounts of money to hold its event and its training and practice.
- しかし、これらは後世に科学技術の進歩を強調するための「たとえ話」として語られたものであり、実際にはこの作業を1発ごとに行う必要はなく、数発に一度行えばよい。
- However, these were told as 'parables' to emphasize the advancement of science technology in future generations and in fact it is not necessary for these tasks to be done for each shot, but for every few shots.
- 日本の弓術は独自の発展を遂げ、ヨーロッパでの短弓を用いる技術体系を元に成立した現代スポーツのアーチェリー等とは全く異なり、日本独特の技法・文化・歴史を持つ。
- Japanese Kyujutsu developed independently and has its own technique, culture, and history, and is totally different from modern sports like archery, based upon Tankyu (short bow) from Europe.
- - 道具塚とは普段使っている生活道具が使用できない状態になったとき感謝を込めて埋めたり、様々な職業の道具を埋め感謝しその職の技術の向上を祈願して建てられた塚。
- - Dogu zuka (grave for tool) is a mound erected to bury old worn tools used in daily life and tools used in various professions in appreciation of their many years of service as well as to pray for improving skills in one's work.
- 近年の研究では、身体能力に優れ、厳しい規律に律された諜報集団という面の他に、優れた動植物の知識や化学の知識を持つ技術者集団としての一面も持つことが判っている。
- A recent study shows that ninja was a group of engineers who had abundant knowledge of animals and plants, and chemistry as well as a group of intelligence agents who had great physical ability and were strictly disciplined.
- 三重県伊賀市で発掘されている祭事の関連遺跡である城之越遺跡は後の庭園の修景意識と技術にかんする遺構を有していたため国の名勝及び史跡に指定されて保護されている。
- The ritualistic-related remains of Jonokoshi-iseki excavated in Iga City, Mie Prefecture revealed architecture that provided information about form and structure showing a consciousness about the maintenance of scenery and its technique and was thus designated as national scenic beauty and historical site as well, and being protected.
- 20世紀の初頭、日本統治時代 (台湾)が50年間続いた台湾には、和菓子の製造技術も伝えられたため、現在も地元の菓子店で草餅、最中、羊羹などの製造が行われている。
- In the beginning of the 20th century, the production techniques of Japanese sweets were brought into Taiwan, which was governed by Japan for fifty years, and therefore kusa mochi (rice-flour dumplings mixed with mugwort), monaka, and yokan are still produced in local confectioneries.
- これに対して、木樽造りは長い伝統的実績を経た醸造技術であり、それが生み出す日本酒香りもまた日本酒の魅力であるとする酒蔵が、平成時代になって木樽造りを復活させた。
- Compared to this, sake breweries which thought that wooden barrel brewing was a traditional brewing method and that the flavor of sake brewed in it was also attractive, revived wooden barrel brewing in the Heisei period.
- 今日では北海道音威子府村から沖縄県与那国町まで、日本の全ての地域に製造業者が存在するが、言い換えればそれほど高度な技術や多額な資本投下無しに製造できる証である。
- Today miso manufacturers are in all parts of Japan, from Otoineppu-mura in Hokkaido to Yonaguni-cho in Okinawa Prefecture; it proves that miso can be produced without high technology or large capital.
- これからもわかるように、能ならば能という対象はどの流儀にも共通するのに対して、それにいかに演ずるかの技術が異なるところに流儀というものの源流があるといってよい。
- As understood from this, in the case of Noh, all of the Noh schools share the art of Noh while they differ in techniques for performing Noh dramas, from which each ryugi can be said to originate.
- これに対し、キリシタン版はその後の日本には影響を及ぼさなかったという見解が主流であるが、印刷技法の検討から古活字版はキリシタン版の影響から興ったとの指摘もある。
- On the other hand, a mainstream opinion was that Kirishitan-ban had no subsequent influence on Japan, but, following an examination of the printing technique, it was pointed out that the old edition was due to an influence of Kirishitan-ban.
- 現在、「綴」「経錦」「緯錦」「緞子」「朱珍」「紹巴」「風通」「捩り織」「本しぼ織」「ビロード」「絣織」「紬」の12品目の織り技法が伝統工芸品の指定を受けている。
- Today twelve of the weaving techniques are designated Traditional Craft Products: 'tsuzure,' 'tate (warp) nishiki,' 'yoko (weft) nishiki,' 'donsu' (damask), 'shuchin' (satin with raised figures), 'joha' (heavily twisted yarns for both warp and weft, fine herringbone horizontal patterns or chevrons), 'futsu' (brocades with patterns), 'mojiri ori' (gauze), 'honshibo ori' (warps and wefts with different twists are combined then immersed in hot water), 'velvet,' 'kasuri ori,' and 'tsumugi' (roughly textured silk fabric).
- 下地の層を抄紙機で漉く分、純手漉きに比べると価格は安くなるが、漉き込み模様は手漉きのために柔らかな表現ができ、伝統的なさまざまの技法を用いた多彩な表現ができる。
- The price is cheaper than pure handmade paper because the foundation layer is made with a shoshi-ki machine, and the patterns laminated on top become gentle and have variety because they are handmade using various traditional techniques.
- また越後杜氏支流派の支流派である吉川杜氏の拠点となる同地の酒蔵「よしかわ杜氏の郷」では、「米・水・技術すべて100%よしかわ産」の地酒として特産品となっている。
- In the brewery 'Yoshikawa Toji no Sato,' which is the base of Yoshikawa toji, a sub-branch of the Echigo toji branch, it was handled as a specialty local sake consisting of 'rice, water and technique, all of which are 100% Yoshikawa products.'
- また、青森県弘前市ではリンゴの剪定技術をソメイヨシノの剪定管理に応用するなどして樹勢回復に取り組んだ結果、多くのソメイヨシノの樹勢を回復することに成功している。
- Additionally, in Hirosaki City, Aomori Prefecture, due to the use of apple-tree pruning techniques on Someiyoshino as a means to recover their vitality, many Someiyoshino have returned to health.
- また、どんな試合規則にしても(禁止技無しでさえ)一対一で合図と共に戦いが始まることが前提となり、不意打ちや隠し武器などを想定した技術までカバーすることは難しい。
- Also, on the premise that we start one-to-one fighting by signal, whatever the rules of game are (even without banned skills or techniques), it's difficult for us to acquire the skills that include surprise moves, hidden weapons and so on.
- 歌舞伎の演技の中で、着物の裾をはしょり、見得を切る場面などは、陰部や臀部を見せて褌を締めていることを表すことで、自分は成人した者であるとの証を象徴したものである。
- On a Kabuki stage, a player who kilts hems of kimono to make a proud gesture is presenting himself as an adult by showing his pubic region and buttocks covered by a fundoshi loincloth.
- 撓競技法(昭和25年(1950年)3月)(中略)3審判(中略)(ロ)審判法(中略)(5)鍔競合5秒以内に及ぶ場合は試合を中止させ、出發線まで戻して再び開始させる。
- Kendo game rules (established in March 1950) --- Article 3. Referee --- B. Refereeing Method --- Section 5. In the event that tsubazeriai continues for five seconds, the referee shall stop the match, make the fencers return to the mark, and restart the match.
- 活躍のできる場を失った忍者達はその後、農業や警察関係(警察官)の職業、火術の特技を活かして花火師や、薬の知識を活かして医師や薬剤師など、新たな職に就いたとされる。
- It is said that after ninja lost the scene of their activities, they got new jobs such as farmers, policemen, pyrotechnicians with special skills of using fire, doctors or pharmacists with knowledge of medicine.
- この項目では、競馬(くらべうま/きそいうま)、または駒競とも呼ばれる日本の古式競馬(馬を走らせてその走行速度を競わせてその馬の優劣を定める競技)について記述する。
- This article describes Japanese traditional horse racing (running horses for the speed competition and then deciding which horse is superior), called kurabeuma, kisoiuma, or komakurabe.
- 五明とは、声明(音韻学・文法学)・工巧明(工芸・技術論)・医方明(医学)・因明(倫理学)・内明(自己の宗旨の学問、仏教者の場合は仏教学)の5種類の学問分野を指す。
- Gomyo refers to five academic fields - Shomyo (phonology and grammar), Kugyomyo (technics and technology), Ihomyo (medical science), Inmyo (ethics) and Naimyo (study of a scholar's religion, as in Buddhism for a Buddhist).
- 原形となる鉄筋コンクリート構造の洋館は、逓信省営繕課技師の吉田鉄郎による設計、清水組(現 清水建設)の施工で1926年竣工、1931年に増築された京都中央電話局。
- Its original Western-style ferroconcrete building used to be the former Kyoto Central Telephone Office, which was designed by Tetsuro YOSHIDA, an architect of the Ministry of Communications Building and Repairs Section, constructed by Shimizu Gumi (now Shimizu Corporation), completed in 1926, and extended in 1931.
- なおその後、京都市をホームタウンとする京都サンガF.C.の新たなホームスタジアムとして、京都市が横大路運動公園内に、球技専用のスタジアムを建設する構想を発表した。
- After that, Kyoto City unveiled its plan to build a ball game stadium at Yokooji Sports Park to use as a new home stadium of the Kyoto Sanga F.C. based in Kyoto City.
- 白地の平滑な地に描かれる図柄は主に「宝船」や「鯉の瀧昇り」、「七福神」などおめでたく華美なものがほとんどを占め、美術工芸品並みの技巧を凝らし創られたタイルもある。
- Most designs drawn on smooth, white tiles are mainly themes of happiness and luxury, such as 'treasure ship,' 'carp rising and falling' and 'Seven Deities of Good Luck,' and some tiles are made by giving full play to the producer's technique at the same level as for art craftworks.
- 広島県はもともと酢の産地であり、その技術がソースの製造にも応用できたことがこれらのソースメーカーの隆盛につながり、お好み焼きの普及にも一役買ったものと考えられる。
- Hiroshima prefecture was the original area producing vinegar and they could apply the technique to the production of the sauce, which, they think, led to the prosperity of the sauce manufacturers and played a role for the spread of okonomiyaki.
- 室町時代初期に書かれた『御酒之日記(ごしゅのにっき)』には、すでに今日の段仕込みや、乳酸菌発酵の技術、火入れによる加熱殺菌、木炭による濾過などについての記述がある。
- In 'Goshu no nikki' (The technical book on sake brewing) written in the beginning of the Muromachi period, there are descriptions on techniques such as today's dan-jikomi, technique of fermenting lactobacillus, pasteurization and filtration by charcoal.
- 日本剣道形では単に倒されるだけでなく、常に一瞬早く動き仕太刀の動作を引き出してやる師匠役でもあり、また、全て避けられることになっているとは言え打太刀からも技を打つ。
- In Nihon Kendo Kata, the uchitachi is not only defeated but also plays the role of an instructor who always moves one step earlier to draw out the shidachi's attack movement and, though all uchitachi's techniques are designed to evade attack, he may also initiate movement to attack.
- 現在では技術の進歩などによりわざわざ和服を分解せずともにドライクリーニングで洗濯することができるようになったので、この方法を用いることが多用されるようになっている。
- Thanks to the advance in technology, Wafuku can be dry-cleaned without being broken into panels these days so, that people frequently use this new method.
- 1975年『すし技術教科書』の「新しいすしダネとすし」には、キャビアやセップ、ロブスター、納豆、じゅんさい、など、100種類にもなる新しい寿司ダネが紹介されている。
- New ingredients for sushi and sushi' in the 'Textbook of Sushi Techniques' in 1975 introduced as many as 100 kinds of new ingredients for sushi such as caviar, porcino, lobster, natto (fermented soybeans), junsai (water shield) and so on.
- 戦国時代は粗悪な数打物の大量生産を招来したが、一方で原料を生産する鉄鋼業は国内におけるたたら技術の進歩、南蛮貿易による鉄砲の伝来によって急速な進歩を遂げる事になる。
- The Sengoku period (period of warring states) gave rise to mass production of inferior Kazu-uchi mono (mass products), but on the other hand, the steel industry which produced the material made a rapid advance in Tatara (bellows) technology and with the arrival of guns by trading with Westerners.
- 主に進路指導やキャリアカウンセリングにかかわる人に、自己啓発、職業選択、職業生活設計、能力開発等をテーマとした各種研修・セミナーを実施し、専門知識、技能を提供する。
- This program provides career counselors and career guides with professional skills and expertise by giving varied training and seminars on self-development, job selection, career design, and ability development.
- 同県農業技術センター農業試験場にてひだほまれ/秋田酒を交配育種、1996年より「富山酒45号」として醸造試験を続け、1998年「雄山錦」と命名、2001年品種登録。
- The agricultural experiment station of Toyama Agricultural Research Center cross-fertilized Hidahomare/Akita sake and conducted breeding, and beginning in 1996 brewing tests were carried out as 'Toyama sake No. 45;' it was given the name 'Obama nishiki' in 1998, and the variety was registered in 2001.
- 1921年(大正10年)には陸軍戸山学校において、着剣(銃剣を銃に装着すること)していない状態の銃剣を用いた戦技として、小太刀術を元に短剣術(現 短剣道)も制定した。
- In 1921, the IJA also established tankenjutu (the martial art using a short sword, currently called tankendo) based on kodachijutu at Army Toyama School, as a fighting style using a bayonet sword without being attached to the rifle part.
- 奈良菩提山正暦寺で産する銘酒『菩提泉』を醸す菩提酛(ぼだいもと)という酒母や、今でいう高温糖化法の一種である煮酛(にもと)などの技術によって優れた清酒を醸造していた。
- High quality seishu was brewed by techniques such as using a yeast mash named bodaimoto which brewed a well-known brand sake 'Bodaisen' at the Shoryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Bodai in Nara, and nimoto (a manufacturing process of yeast mash) what is now called a kind of high-temperature saccharification method.
- 現在、座った状態で、鞘から刀剣を抜き放ち、さらに納刀に至るまでをも含めた技術を、一つの独立した武道と成している国は、全世界でも日本のみで、実は非常に稀有なものである。
- Currently, a sequence of techniques from drawing a sword to sheathing it while in a seated position is considered as an independent martial art only in Japan, but in fact it is very rare.
- 江戸時代以降には自らの技術は単なる力技ではないという意味などを込めて、柔術、柔道、和、やわらと称する流派が現れ始める(関口新心流、楊心流、起倒流(良移心当流)など)。
- From the Edo period, some ryuha (schools) of the martial arts began to call their own techniques jujutsu, judo, or yawara, partly because they wanted to say their techniques were not just forcible ones; the schools were, for example, Sekiguchi Shin Shin-ryu, Yoshin-ryu, and Kito-ryu (also called Ryoishinto-ryu).
- 剣道では、意識した状態を持続しながら、相手の攻撃や反撃を瞬時に返すことができるよう身構えていることを残心と呼び、残心がなければ技が正確に決まっても有効打突にならない。
- In kendo (Japanese art of fencing), zan-shin refers to bracing oneself to be able to instantly respond to the opponent's attack or counterattack by maintaining the state of alertness; without zan-shin, the attack is not counted as yuko-datotsu (a point) even if it is accurately made against the opponent.
- 近世初期の、本阿弥光悦の鷹ケ峰芸術村では、「嵯峨本」などの料紙としてのから紙を制作し、京から紙の技術をさらに洗練させ、京の唐紙師(かみし)がその伝統を継承していった。
- In the art village in Takagamine of Koetsu HONAMI in early recent times, karakami as ryoshi, like 'Saga-bon' was produced and the techniques of Kyo-karakami grew more sophisticated, and the kami-shi in Kyoto succeeded its tradition.
- - 唯物論的弁証法により武道を科学として解明し、武道本質論、武技上達論、勝負論など確立したとしているが、理論に基づく成果が全く提示されていないという指摘がされている。
- He scientifically elucidated the budo by means of materialistic dialectic and established the essentialist theory of budo, the theory of proficiency in martial arts, the theory of the duel and so on, but he is criticized as not having suggested any outcome based on those theories.
- 競技性を考慮した規定をある程度定めてはいるが、同時に『弓道の用具はまだ完全に均一化されていないため…また、用具の充分な性能発揮のためにも各個の工夫、愛着も必要である。』
- While most of the tournament rules are already determined, All Nippon Kyudo Federation says that 'the tools for Kyudo are not standardized completely, and there is a need for individual adjustments and familialization with tools required to increase the ability of bow.'
- これは明治初期に考案されたといわれるが、月寒あんぱん同様、名称以外に詳細な情報が存在しなかったため、既存の製菓技術を用いてオーブンで仕上げた焼き菓子になったと見られる。
- Originated during the early Meiji Period, Kawaguchi anpan was a confectionary baked in an oven; it was made employing traditional baking techniques due to the lack of information about the original anpan, similar to Tsukisamu anpan.
- 名塩でも弥右衛門を名乗り、優れた越前の鳥の子の製紙技術を指導し、さらに改良や普及に尽力して、その業績を高く評価されて名塩鳥の子の始祖と讃えられるようになったと思われる。
- It seems he also used the name Yaemon in Najio, taught the superior technique of torinoko manufacturing in Echizen, and made efforts in improving and disseminating it, so his achievements were highly esteemed and he was admired as the originator of Najio torinoko.
- 政府の要人の場合は、洋服を着ることにより、日本が西欧の進んだ科学技術を学び近代化をめざす意欲を西洋の外国人にアピールし、交渉などを有利に進める目的があったといわれている。
- It is considered that leading political figures wore Western clothes to show that Japan was committed to absorb advanced science and technology from the Western countries and modernize the country as a gesture in order to be advantageous in talks with the Western countries.
- (社)日本ライフル射撃協会主催の火縄銃競技である、全日本前装銃射撃選手権大会メダリストやマズルローダー(前装銃)国際大会(世界選手権・環太平洋選手権)のメダリストも居る。
- Among them are medalists at the All Japanese Championships of Muzzle Loader's Shooting, which is a matchlock game organized by National Rifle Association of Japan and the medalist of International competition (world championship and Pan-Pacific Championship) of muzzle loader.
- 株式会社京都アニメーション(きょうとアニメーション、英語表記:)はアニメーションの企画・製作およびアニメーション制作に関する技術指導を主な事業内容とする日本の企業である。
- Kyoto Animation Co., Ltd. is a Japanese corporation engaged in the design and production of animation as well as technical guidance related to animation production.
- このような、今日でいう「民間」の醸造技術者のことを酒師(さかし)といい、また酒を造り販売した店を造り酒屋(あるいは単に「酒屋」とも。区別については酒屋の項を参照)という。
- Such brewing specialists who were equivalent to modern-day 'private' brewing experts were called sakashi (which literally means 'sake master'), and stores which brewed and sold sake were called tsukuri-zakaya (which means 'sake brewer and seller,' and they were also simply called 'sakaya' (sake shop). Refer to the section of Sakaya for the difference between them).
- 今日では動物性脂肪の旨みが広く知られるようになったことと、保存・輸送技術が向上したため新鮮でおいしいトロが食べられるようになり、トロといえば高級品といったイメージがある。
- These days, however, due to the wide acceptance of animal fat as delicious food and improvement in preservation and transportation technologies, fresh and delicious Toro has become available, and people consider Toro as luxury food.
- 生活の中では、襖や障子を閉め忘れたり乱暴に扱ったり、また技術職の徒弟で後片付けなどを怠ると「残心がない」や「残心が出来ていない」といって躾けとして用いられる言葉でもある。
- In everyday life, the term is used for teaching manners as in the expression 'there is no zan-shin' or 'zan-shin is not performed well', when one forgets to close or roughly handles fusuma (Japanese sliding door) or shoji (partitions that can divide the interior of a building into separate rooms), or when an apprentice of craftsmanship neglects cleanup.
- 織豊政権期、江戸時代に入っても日本列島の森林破壊は留まる所を知らず、1710年までには本州、四国、九州、北海道南部の森林のうち当時の技術で伐採出来るものの大半は失われた。
- During the administrations of Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI (Azuchi Period and Momoyama Period (1568 - 1600)) as well as during in the Edo Period (1603-1868), the destruction of forests did not stop, and in Honshu (main island), Shikoku, Kyushu and southern Hokkaido regions, the major part of the forest exploitable by the technology available at that time had been lost.
- 身近なものでありながら、さまざまな不思議に満ちた「光」をテーマにしており、光の不思議を体験し、光の基本的な性質から最先端の光の利用技術まで、楽しみながら学ぶことができる。
- This museum takes up as a theme 'Light' which is something familiar to human beings but full of wide-ranging wonders, so everybody can experience wonders of the light and enjoy and learn the basic nature of the light to the state-of-the-art technologies that utilize the light.
- 岡倉らが東京美術学校、日本美術院で育てようとした日本画は旧来の技法や様式を守るだけのものではなく、西洋画から採り入れるものを採り、それと対抗できるような日本の絵画であった。
- The Nihon-ga which Okakura intended to foster was not just preserving traditional Japanese technique and style, but also brought in some necessary western techniques aiming to create Japanese drawings which could hold their own against western paintings.
- そのため光崎検校同様、複雑煩瑣に発達した当時の地歌音楽とは対極ともいえる、江戸前期の箏曲の形式である組歌の整合的構成、シンプルな技巧、気品高く雅びな雰囲気などを取り入れた。
- Therefore, like Mitsuzaki Kengyo, he also employed a consistent composition, a simple technique, and a noble and classic atmosphere of kumiuta, which was a form of sokyoku in the early Edo period, and an extreme opposite of jiuta music developed into complication at the time.
- 第二次大戦後、他の武道と同様にそれらは禁止されたが、戦後復興と共に行事が復活し、東京五輪の「射撃競技」の開始式典で大戦前から伝統の米沢市の「砲術隊」等による演武が行われた。
- After the World War II, the gunnery was prohibited like other martial arts; however, many events were restored in the process of Japan's postwar rehabilitation; in the opening ceremony for 'target shooting' in the Tokyo Olympics, the traditional demonstration of gunfire by the 'musket troops' in Yonezawa City, which dated back before the war.
- 柱焼酎(はしらじょうちゅう)とは、江戸時代初期に存在した日本酒の伝統的製法用語の一つで、焼酎や粕取り焼酎を、醸造する日本酒の日本酒醪や日本酒上槽した新酒に加える技法のこと。
- 'Hashira-jochu' was one of the terms used for traditional manufacturing methods of sake (Japanese rice wine) that existed in the beginning of the Edo Period, which is to add shochu (distilled spirit) or kasudori-shochu (shochu made from sake lees) to moromi (unrefined sake) or newly brewed sake after separation from lees by applying pressure.
- 越前の名紙匠と讃えられている岩野製紙の岩野平三郎が、大正期から昭和期にかけて考案した美術紙にはさまざまの技法が用いられ、その多くが襖判鳥の子紙の装飾加工にも応用されている。
- The bijutsu-shi was invented by Heizaburo IWANO of Iwano paper industry, who was regarded as a master craftsman of paper making, using various techniques, many of which were applied to the decoration of fusuma-size torinoko paper.
- 四六駢儷体の4文字を重ねたものだが、すでにこの8文字の修辞技法に両雄の差異は明らかで、空海の文辞は大胆で極めて詩的な麗句であり、最澄のは生真面目で地味、謙抑そのものである。
- Although both sentences were written in repeated four letters of Shiroku Benreitai (a Chinese style of composition with alternating lines of four (shi) and six (roku) characters), there was a great difference between their rhetorical techniques (onomatopoeia) in the eight letters; Kukai wrote poetic and beautiful words in a bold manner, while Saicho wrote serious and plain words in a subdued way.
- もともと、ウェイトリフティングなどのパワー系競技において、腰椎の保護などの機能も併せ、専用のベルトを装着する選手が多いように、適切に巻かれた帯は身体能力を発揮する一助となる。
- Originally, as seen in competitions concerning physical power such as weight lifting, many athletes wear belts with the exclusive use of functions such as to protect the lumbar vertebra; therefore, properly used obi helps to demonstrate physical abilities.
- 沢庵漬けのような糠漬けや、糠味噌床も、なれ寿司の穀物を乳酸発酵の基質として利用する技術の延長線上にあり、北陸の「へしこ」や北海道の「糠鰊」などにその中間型を見ることができる。
- Nukazuke such as Takuwan-zuke or Nukamiso-doko is seen as an extension of the technique for making use of grain of nare-zushi as a substance of lactic fermentation; 'Heshiko' in Hokuriku and 'Kasu Nishin' in Hokkaido are seen as being in between.
- この本膳料理は少なからず儀礼的な物であり、この後に能や狂言などの演技が行われつつ、後段と呼ばれるうどんや素麺といった軽食類や酒肴が出されて、ここで本来の意味での酒宴になった。
- This Honzen ryori (formally arranged meal) was just ceremonial; after this was the Noh play and the Noh farce, then a light meal and sake was served such as udon (Japanese thick white noodles) and thin wheat noodles which was the actual feast.
- 武道(ぶどう)とは、伝統的な日本武術(古武道)から発展したもので、人を殺傷・制圧する技術に、その技を磨く稽古を通じて人格の完成をめざす、といった芸道の面が加わったものである。
- Budo has developed from a traditional Japanese martial art ('kobudo,' old budo), to which has been added the aspect of 'geido' (the way of artistic self-discipline), which aims for the perfection of character through practices to hone the skills, to the techniques to kill or conquer others.
- 戦国時代 (日本)から甲冑師として鉄の加工技術を守ってきた姫路市の明珍(みょうちん)家では、この材料に日本刀の材料である玉鋼を用い、さらに美しい音色のものを現在も製作している。
- The MYOCHIN family in Himeji City has been keeping up the iron-processing technique as an armorer since the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States in Japan) and makes wind chimes with better sound by using Tamahagane (gem steel) which is the original material of Japanese swords.
- このように相手との接触点を通じ技を掛ける機微と一連のプロセスを「結び」「導き」「崩し」と言い、合気道の技の大切な要素として、また精神理念に通じるものとしても強調することがある。
- Such subtlety and series of processes for applying techniques to the opponent through the contact point are called 'musubi' (a link between the attacker and the defender), 'lead' and 'kuzushi,' and are emphasized as important elements of aikido techniques and in connection with the spiritual principle.
- 客寄せする技術があり人がたくさん集まるので、目抜きから離れた広い場所で行う事が多く(良い場所は庭場料も高いのでそれを避ける意味合いもある)大きな場所占めるのでこの様に呼ばれる。
- Since many people gather to watch the shows, they are often held in large spaces away from the main areas (good locations also require high rental fees so are often avoided) and are so called because they occupy a lot of space.
- 北陸や東北の諸藩では、領民の貧窮を救済するために、摂泉十二郷や灘五郷など酒造りの先進地域から酒師(さかし)や麹師(こうじし)といった技術者を藩費で招聘し、御膳酒などを造らせた。
- Clans in the Hokuriku and the Tohoku regions invited experts including sakashi and kojishi from advanced sake-brewing districts such as Sessen Juni-go (the twelve sake brewing districts in Settsu Province and Izumi Province) and Nada Go-go (the five sake brewing areas in the Nada district) on clan budget and asked such experts to make gozenshu (sake for a feudal lord) in order to save people from economic difficulties.
- のちに江戸時代に入ってからもしばらくは、地方によっては日本酒の歴史江戸時代後期まで、中央から招いた醸造技術者に対しては「杜氏」よりも「酒師」「麹師」という呼称が一般的であった。
- Brewing specialists who were invited from the capital city were generally called sakashi or kojishi rather than toji even after the Edo period began, or until the latter of the Edo period in some regions.
- 歴史資料として指定を受けているものには政治家、学者などの歴史上の人物に関する一括資料、古写真やその原板、古地図、古活字、科学技術関係資料、産業関係資料などさまざまなものがある。
- The historical resources thus far designated cover a wide range of types: they may be a batch of materials concerning a politician, a scholar or some person in history, old photographs and their negative plates, old maps, old printing type, materials related to science and technology or materials related to industry.
- 当時の勤め人の平均月給は五十円程度の時代で、伊藤はまだ会社勤務の技術者だったため、平均月給よりも高給を得ていたが、所持していた高価なカメラなどを処分しても三百円に足りなかった。
- In those days when the average monthly wages for salaried workers was about 50 yen, ITO's salary as an engineer was higher than the average but the money he managed to raise by selling his expensive camera and others was short of the 3 million yen.
- 現代の弓道においては通常の競技において的中主義であるため、貫通力の相対的価値が下がっていることもあり、今日では「中・貫・久」の実践を最高としているが、本来は「貫・中・久」である。
- In modern archery, since emphasis is put on Tekichu-shugi (hitting the target), penetration is valued less; nowadays, the praising order is 'Precision, Penetration and Persistenc', however, the praising order should be 'Penetration, Precision and Persistence' originally.
- 蹴鞠競技はその後、中国本土では次第に廃れていき、宋 (王朝)代にはチーム対抗の競技としての側面が薄れて一人または集団で地面に落とさないようにボールを蹴る技を披露する遊びとなった。
- Subsequently the kemari game in mainland China gradually became phased out, in the Song Dynasty, team competitions were few, and it became a one-man play or group play in which the ball was kicked to keep the ball from falling to the ground.
- 忍術(にんじゅつ)とは、日本の室町時代頃から戦国時代 (日本)に活躍した忍者がおこなった敵方に対する情報収集、情報霍乱などに関する技術及びその際に必要とする兵法、武術の総称である。
- Ninjutsu is a generic term for techniques used by Ninja (persons in feudal Japan who used ninjutsu for the purposes of espionage, assassination, sabotage, etc.), who were active during the Muromachi Period and the Sengoku Period, to gather intelligence or to destabilize intelligence against the enemy camp and also arts of warfare and martial arts necessary to carry out Ninja's operations.
- なお、国立国会図書館の蔵書構築など図書館技術に関する運用は、1948年(昭和23年)にGHQ民間情報教育局特別顧問ダウンズによって提出された勧告(ダウンズ勧告)に基づく面が大きい。
- The NDL's operation of library technologies such as establishment of its collection, etc., is largely based on the recommendations submitted by Robert Bringham Downs, a special advisor of the Civil Information and Education Section, GHQ/SCAP, in 1948 (the Downs Report).
- 主に作品を鑑賞する側から敬称の1つとして使われる言葉であり、先述の日本画家などと同じく「技能に長けた者を意味する『師』」が用いられていることからもその側面をうかがい知ることができる。
- Those who enjoy their work mainly use this word as a term of respect, and using the Chinese character '師' which represents a skilled person also implies their attitude of respect, just like the case of Japanese-style painters as described above.
- また、火入れの技法そのものは中古からあったものの、それを施さなかったときに起こる腐造のことを火落ち、あるいはそれを起こす菌を火落ち菌と呼ぶようになったのは、このころ以降のことである。
- In addition, although the technique of pasteurization itself had been used since the Middle Ages, it was after this period when putrefaction, which occurred when pasteurization was not done, became to be called hiochi and the bacteria which caused it came to be called hiochi bacteria.
- 護身術を中心とした技術体系を持ち、「自己確立」と「自他共楽」、「強さを競わない」などの理念が幅広い層に受け入れられ、現在、海外31カ所に普及しており、会員は世界中で約14万人である。
- It has a system of techniques centered on the art of self-defense and philosophies such as 'self-definition,' 'mutual comfort,' and 'not competing in strength,' which have been accepted by a wide range of people, and it has spread in 31 overseas bases having 140 thousand members worldwide.
- さらに、領民のあいだから醸造技能に優れた者が輩出すると、蔵屋敷などを通して先進地域への出稼ぎ先を斡旋したりと、藩をあげて杜氏集団と蔵元地域とのつながりを強化しようとしたところも多い。
- In many of such clans, furthermore, they unanimously worked to enhance relations between toji groups and sake brewing districts by arranging places to work during the agricultural off-season in some advanced sake-brewing regions through kurayashiki (a warehouse and sales office for rice and other local products maintained by daimyo in the Edo period) when those who had great brewing skills appeared.
- 現代では武道として大事なのは人格の形成、精神の鍛錬であり技術的なことなどはさして重要でなく、武術的な部分は精神的修行の必要な荒くれ者どもを集めるための方便に過ぎないとの考え方もある。
- In modern times, the important things in budo are the formation of character and mental training; the skills aren't so important, and some people think the bujutsu-part of budo is just an expedient way to gather rowdy fellows who need mental training.
- しかしながら、まだ科学的再現性というものが導入されていなかったこのころの醸造業界では、今日に比べると技術が拙なく、いかに良い酒米を用いても醸造しているうちに腐ってしまうことも多かった。
- However, the brewing industry during this period when scientific reproducibility was not introduced, the technique was poorer than that of today and sake often putrefied during brewing in spite of using good rice for sake brewing.
- また仮に衣桁などに架ける場合や一時的に畳んでおく肩畳みなどと呼ばれる背中心から折り込み、衿が肩方を向く畳み方があり、これは洋服を畳む時に似ていると言え、本だたみのような技術は要しない。
- There is another folding method for temporarily hanging kimono on a traditional kimono display stand called Iko or folding kimono for the time being called 'Katadatami' or the like, by which kimono is folded in half along Sechushin so that Eri faces the shoulder--This is similar to a folding of Western clothing and does not require a technique as that of Hondatami.
- 公家及び公家随身による鷹狩も徳川家康による禁止まで引き続き行われ、公卿の持明院家、西園寺家、地下の下毛野家などが鷹狩を家業とし、和歌あるいは散文形式の技術書(「鷹書」)が著されている。
- Taka-gari by court noble and its attendants had been also performed until it was forbidden by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and Jimyoin family and Saionji family of noble and Shimotsuke family of Jige (officer not allowed to enter the Imperial palace) had made Taka-gari their family business and wrote a technique book ('book of falconry') on Waka style or prose style.
- このような伝統と巧みな技術開発により、襖紙産地としての名声を高め、太平洋戦争後の復興需要で、生産量が飛躍的に拡大し、機械抄紙機の普及にともなって、現在に至るまで襖紙の主流を占めている。
- Tradition and these developments of skillful techniques improved the reputation of Echizen as a production area of fusuma paper, and its production rapidly expanded by the increased demand due to revival after the Pacific War, and it has been the mainstream of fusuma paper until now in accordance with the prevalence of power-driven shoshi-ki machines.
- 名塩鳥の子紙の起源について、丹波国を経てここに布教した蓮如上人が、文明_(日本)7年(1475年)に教行寺を開いてその子の蓮芸に守らせたが、そのころ紙漉きの技術を伝えたという説がある。
- There is a theory that when the holy priest, Rennyo, who came to this place for missionary work through Tanba province, founded Kyogyo-ji Temple in 1475 and made his son, Rengei (蓮芸), maintain it, he introduced the technique of paper making around that time.
- その石碑には、「行基に連なる大工集団が千歯扱きを考案した、その大工集団は幕末まで京都御所の御用大工となった、高度な大工技術を駆使して高石地区の住宅建設を請け負っていた」と刻まれている。
- The inscription of the monument reads 'a group of carpenters related to Gyoki designed a threshing machine, the group became official carpenters for Kyoto Imperial Palace until the end of the Edo era, and commissioned residential construction in Takaishi District making full use of their carpentry skills.'
- これらの例からも、作者や歌手が一部重複しているのは事実であり、この「流行歌」時代に育まれた音楽性や技巧を基にして現在の「演歌」が生まれているので、演歌を語る上で無視は出来ない時代である。
- Because some authors and singers surely belong to both genres as shown by these examples and today's 'enka' music is based on musical characteristics and techniques developed in this 'hit songs' era, the period is indispensable for describing enka music.
- 松平頼則作曲の『盤渉調越天楽の主題によるピアノと管弦楽のための主題と変奏』(1951年)は平調とは異なる盤渉調の越天楽のメロディを採用しつつ十二音技法やブギウギとの融合も試みられている。
- In 'Theme and Variation of Etenraku in Banshikicho Mode for Piano and Orchestra' arranged by Yoritsune MATSUDAIRA (in 1951), the melody line of Etenraku was used in Banshikicho mode which is different from 'Hyo-jo' (a basic mode) while attempts for fusion with dodecaphony, Twelve-tone technique and with boogie-woogie are observed.
- 制作に携わった技術者のうち、大仏師として国中連公麻呂(くになかのむらじきみまろ、国公麻呂とも)、鋳師として高市大国(たけちのおおくに)、高市真麻呂(たけちのままろ)らの名が伝わっている。
- Among technical experts engaged in the production, KUNINAKA no Muraji Kimimaro (also known as KUNINAKA no Kimimaro) as a Daibusshi (master sculptor), TAKECHI no Okuni and TAKECHI no Mamaro as a Chushi (metal caster) and others were recorded.
- 江戸時代からとだえることなくつたわる漆工芸や螺鈿の技術等により工芸品としては高度なものであるが、弦の張力は演奏に耐えるものではなく、演奏のための楽器としての復元は昭和になってからである。
- Although they were sophisticated as craftworks thanks to the techniques of lacquer craftworks and mother-of-pearl works successively handed down from the Edo period, the tension of the strings cannot withstand performance, and the restoration of instruments for performance was done after the Showa period.
- 「にじみ出る液がそれを護持する」ならば「へしこ」は魚の腐敗を防ぎ長期保存する古代人の知恵であり、「にじみ出る液がそれを生成する」の意味ならば、独特のうまみを生み出す技法ととることもできる。
- If the word means 'the liquid coming out maintains it,' 'Heshiko' is a piece of ancient wisdom to prevent fish from rotting and to preserve them for a long time, while if the word means 'the liquid coming out creates it,' it can be understood as a means to create its unique flavor.
- その技法には、筆法(筆の持ち方、点画の書き方)、結構法(字形の整え方)、章法 (書道)(全体のまとめ方)があり、それぞれに様々な方法が編み出され、書体や書風などによって使い分けられている。
- The technique is Hippo (way of writing) (how to hold a brush, how to write ten-kaku (the dots and strokes that make up a kanji character)), Kekkoho (how to arrange letter shapes), and Shoho (Shodo) (how to entirely organize), and various methods are devised for each to be differently used in writing style, calligraphy style, and others.
- 武道の中には、空手・弓道・居合道など、技を行った後に特定の形(型 かた。体の構え)で身構える、相手との間合いを考慮して反撃方法を選ぶ、一拍おいて刀をおさめるといった一挙動を「残心」と呼ぶ。
- In budo such as karate, kyudo (Japanese art of archery), and iaido (art of drawing the Japanese sword), 'zan-shin' refers to a movement after attacking the opponent, such as bracing oneself in a certain form ('kata', or a position of the body), selecting a manner of counterattack by considering the distance from the opponent, and sheathing a sword after a pause.
- 日本独自の競技として、古式に則った、8寸角板に4寸黒丸の「和的(江戸時代規格の標的)」で27メートル(江戸時代は15間)の距離で競う「古式勝ち抜き」及び、5分間に10発撃つ「早撃ち」がある。
- Regarding matches unique to Japan, following tradition, there is a 'traditional tournament' where the players compete using 'Japanese Targets (a standard target of the Edo period)' of eight sun square board (1 sun = 3.03 cm) with a four sun round black target, and the shooting distance is 27 meters (15 ken during the Edo period, 1 ken = about 1.8 meters); also there is a 'rapid-fire shooting' where ten bullets are shot in five minutes.
- ハモの水揚げが多くない京都においてなぜハモを食べる文化が発達したかについては、輸送技術が発達していなかった頃、夏に京都まで生きたまま輸送できた、生命力の非常に強い数少ない魚だったことによる。
- The reason why Kyoto, even though conger pike is not caught in the area so much, has developed a tradition to eat it is because it is one of the handful of fish with very strong vitality which could be transported live to Kyoto in the summer before modern high-speed transport developed.
- 日本拳法は、柔道家であった澤山が、当身技が柔道形にあるにもかかわらず練習されていないことから練習体系を確立するために、空手道などを参考にして大日本拳法として創始し、戦後に日本拳法と改称した。
- SAWAYAMA, who was a Judo expert at that time, found that striking and kicking techniques included in the judo forms were not practiced; therefore, to establish the training system he originated dainihon kenpo based on karatedo and others and renamed it nihon kenpo after the war.
- 越前美術紙には、伝統的な打雲などの雲掛け、皺紋入れ、漉き込み、漉き掛け、漉き合わせ、揉み、楮(こうぞ)黒皮入れ、金銀線入れ、布目入れ、落水と水流しなど複雑で多様な技法が巧みに利用されている。
- The Echizen bijutsu-shi used various complicated techniques with dexterity such as kumogake (covering with clouds) including traditional uchigumo (paper with a lying cloud), incorporating a wrinkle pattern, additional fibers in the paper, making paper from two types of fibers, crumpling, incorporating the black bark of a kozo, adding gold and silver lines, adding texture, waterdrop and running on the water.
- 柔術の流れを汲む柔道の試合に当身技がなく、幕末あたりから各地で行われた他流試合や乱捕稽古も当身技を禁じていた場合が多いこと(現代柔道では多くの形が演武用、セレモニー用となっている傾向がある。)
- Firstly, the jujutsu descendant judo has no atemi-waza in its match, and jujutsu itself often forbade atemi-waza in 'taryu jiai' (a contest between representatives of different schools) and in randori, which both began to be held in many places from around the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate; in today's judo's atemi-waza, many 'kata' tend to become an art for a show or for a ceremonial performance.
- 従って、個人が単に技能・資質が備わっているだけでは不十分で、実際の血縁関係、もしくは擬似血縁関係で結ばれた重代・譜第(譜代)であることが、道を有する家と認められるためには重要な要件とされていた。
- Therefore, to be recognized as a family with Michi, it was not sufficient that each member had the skill and quality but it was also necessary for it to have been continued from generation to generation in a blood relationship or by marriage.
- 貞次門下から尾張藩士の岡部忠次(藤左衛門)、長屋忠久(忠左衛門)、同忠重(六左衛門)らが、さらに忠重門下からは京都三十三間堂の通し矢で名高い星野茂則(勘左衛門)が輩出し、各家は代々技術を伝えた。
- Among the famous disciples of Sadatsugu, were Tadatsugu OKABE (Tozaemon) (feudal soldier of Owari domain), Tadahisa NAGAYA (Tadazaemon) and Tadashige (Rokuzaemon), moreover, among the famous disciples of Tadashige, there was Shigenori HOSHINO (Kanzaemon), who was highly reputed for his long-range archery skills in the Kyoto Sanjusangen-do Temple; they handed down the techniques from generation to generation.
- 密教には曼荼羅をはじめとする多くの仏教絵画が必要とされ、それら仏教絵画と修業・儀式とは切っても切り離されないものであり、それらの作成するための技能を持った専門的な能力を有するものが必要とされた。
- The practice of Esoteric Buddhism required many Buddhist paintings, such as mandalas, and these paintings along with ascetic practices and ritual were inseparable; this naturally created a demand for highly skilled artists capable of producing this style of work.
- 葺石の存在や、高度な石組み技術で胴張り型石室が形作られている点、副葬された鉄地銀象嵌鞘尻金具などから、先進的な畿内の政権と密接な繋がりを持つ、武蔵国の有力な在地勢力が造営したものと見られている。
- Judging from the presence of the paved stones, the construction of the drum-shaped stone chambers through the advanced stone-building technique, and the iron chape with silver inlays among the burial articles, we may assume that it was constructed by an important local power in Musashi Province who had a close connection with the progressive Kinai government.
- 戦後の国民体育大会でも使用されていたが、占領アメリカ軍が臀部が露出することは野蛮であるとして、接収した明治神宮外苑プールで禁止し、選手は米軍関係者の前では六尺褌の上に水泳パンツをはいて競技を行った。
- Rokushaku fundoshi was still worn at national sports festivals after the war, but the American occupation forces prohibited the wearing of fundoshi at the pool in the outer garden of Meiji-jingu Shrine, which they had seized, for the reason that it was barbaric to expose one's buttocks, so swimmers swam wearing swimming trunks over their rokushaku fundoshi only in the presence of US army personnel.
- 「人方屋」では特定の力士のひいきが手を出して勝負を妨害するなど喧嘩が絶えないということで、まず寛文年間(1661年~1673年)にリング (格闘技)のように4本の柱の下に紐などでかこったものになった。
- Because in the case of 'hitokataya' (sumo arena made by crowd of people), audience could interfere sumo bouts to help their favorite wrestlers, resulting in frequent occurrence of quarrels among the audience, the fighting area was surrounded by four posts and ropes, as in the ring of wrestling, in the Kanbun era (1661 to 1673).
- ガンピ(ジンチョウゲ科の植物)の生育する北限は加賀で、都で鳥の子の名声が上がるにつれて、加賀国や越前国では限られた原料で、優れた技術にさらに磨きをかけて良質な鳥の子を生産して名産地としての名を築いた。
- The northern limit where it was possible to grow ganpi (a plant of Thymelaeaceae) was Kaga Province, and as torinoko paper became popular in Kyoto, good torinoko paper had been produced by polishing further the excellent skills from limited materials in Kaga and Echizen Provinces, which built their names as a famous producing district.
- それらの素材の高さもさることながら料理に従事する者の料理における技術の高さも必要であり、最低でも10年の修行を経てようやく仕事が内外から認められるようになり、それ相当になるにはさらに期間が必要である。
- Besides high quality of the ingredients, it also requires the superior techniques of the chef, who is required at least ten years of training before a chef is recognized.
- 半年ものあいだ、杜氏集団を指揮しつづけるだけあって、杜氏は酒造りの技能に優れているだけではなく、部下の蔵人たち、ときには故郷に残してきたその家族たちまでも人間的にたばねていく統率力と包容力が要求される。
- Since a toji person should supervise his or her team for around a half year, he or she must have strong leadership and great tolerance so that he or she can lead his or her people and occasionally even their families who stay in their hometown, as well as excellent skills of brewing.
- 飛鳥時代末期には文武天皇により『大射禄法』が定められた辺りを皮切りに、朝廷の間で次第に弓射に関する礼射、礼法が整理され、また同時に技術も体系化、単なる射術から『弓術』として成立していったものと思われる。
- At the end of the Asuka Period, since the establishment of 'Taisha-rokuho' by Emperor Monmu, Reisha and rules of decorum for Yumiire began to be gradually organized and the technique was also systematized and established as 'Kyujutsu' at the same time, based on the simple technique of shooting.
- その場合、中国や朝鮮半島に由来しながらも主題や様式において日本的特徴を持つものを意味するのか、あるいは油彩技法が到来する以前に日本で制作された図画一般まで指すのか、定義があいまいなまま使われることも多い。
- In that case, the term 'Nihon-ga' is used loosely and it is unclear whether it refers to those drawings having origins in China or the Korean peninsula but with themes and styles that have Japanese characteristics, or those drawings in general which originated in Japan before the arrival of the oil painting technique.
- 合気・呼吸力について、小柄な老人がわずかな動きで屈強な大男を幾人も手玉にとり簡単に投げ飛ばしたり押さえ込んでしまう不思議な技、というイメージが一般的に流布し、しばしば怪しげなものとして疑われることも多い。
- Aiki and breath power are commonly thought of as mysterious techniques that enable a small, elderly man to easily throw and hold down a succession of tough men, thus raising the doubt of suspicion in their regard.
- なお、日本語でサッカーのことを「蹴球(しゅうきゅう)」と呼ぶのは、明治時代にヨーロッパから来た外国人が外国人居留地でその競技に興ずる姿を見て、日本人が「異人さんの蹴鞠」と呼んだことからきているといわれる。
- Moreover, soccer started to be called 'shukyu' in Japanese when foreigners who came from Europe during the Meiji period and were seen having fun with the game in a foreigners' residential area, and it is said that at that time, Japanese people called it 'foreigner's kemari.'
- しかし、もはや生き証人としてその技術を心得ている杜氏がいなかったこと、また消費者もうまい寒酒の味に慣れ、酒郷ではよりよい酒質を求めて熾烈な競争をくりひろげていたことなどから、以前のような復活に至らなかった。
- However, it did not revive as before for such reasons as toji who knew its techniques did not exist, consumers were familiar with the good taste of kanshu, and sake breweries of brewing districts competed fiercely in producing better sake.
- これによって、ある種の特殊な酵母を用いて醸造した酒は、それまでの日本酒にはない洗練された香味を醪に内包させ、水に溶け出さないこれらの成分も、日本酒アルコール添加によって引き出せることが技術的に知られてきた。
- This study cleared that the sake brewed by a certain specific yeast included a sophisticated flavor in moromi which conventional sake did not include, and that these elements which did not dissolve in water could be derived by adding alcohol of sake.
- 焼き鳥のイメージアップを目的とする任意団体「全国やきとり連絡協議会」が「1本の串を用いる」「焼き上がった時点で折れていない長さで測定する」などのルール『セカチョウ(世界一長い焼き鳥)競技規則』を定めている。
- A private organization called 'National Yakitori Association,' which aims at improving the image of yakitori, has defined the rules of 'Sekacho [The Longest Yakitori Stick In The World] competition rules'; for example, only one skewer shall be used, and the measurement shall be taken on an unbroken section after grilling.
- また長野銘醸によれば「元禄の時代より1年たりとも休む事もなく酒造りを継続し、戦後全面的に三倍醸造法が普及する中で、『清酒の技術を冒濱するようなもんはみとめられん』と大反対し、純米酒を守り続け」たとしている。
- In addition, Nagano Sake Brewery Co. Ltd insisted that 'we had continued sake brewing without any interruption, even a year, since the Genroku era (1688 to 1703) and we strongly opposed the method of sanzoshu widespread thoroughly in the postwar period because 'we could not admit others which violate the technique of seishu,' and kept brewing junmaishu.'
- 同社では「一切の妥協を排した酒造りのできる次代のスペシャリスト養成」のため、すでに昭和61年(1986年)から酒マイスターを導入し、伝承技術と企業ノウハウの両方を身につけた新しい世代の杜氏を育成しはじめた。
- In order to 'foster a specialist for the next generation who can brew sake without any compromise,' the company has introduced the Sake Meister system since 1986 and began to foster a new generation of toji who had learned both traditional techniques and know-how as a company.
- 三 衣食住、生業、信仰、年中行事等に関する風俗慣習、民俗芸能、民俗技術及びこれらに用いられる衣服、器具、家屋その他の物件で我が国民の生活の推移の理解のため欠くことのできないもの(以下「民俗文化財」という。)
- 3. The indispensables in order for our nationals to appreciate the flow of life (such as food, clothing, housings, industry or livelihood, beliefs, folk customs about festivals, public entertainments, and traditional skills with the associated costumes, tools and stages) (such indispensables being hereinafter referred to as folk cultural properties)
- 空摺りは、同じ画の版木を陽刻の凸状のものと、陰刻の凹状の二版に彫り分け、陰刻の版木の上に地紙を乗せて、上から陽刻の版木を重ねて圧をかけると、凸状の形が浮き出る技法で、今日のエンボスと同様な形押しの技である。
- Empty printing is accomplished by the following method; carve a pattern on a convex printing block and carve the negative image on a concave printing block, place a ground paper on the concave wood block, place the convex wood block over it and apply pressure, this produces a pattern that stands out, and this is the same technique used to emboss images on paper today.
- 二刀剣法の技術は、多くの古武道で継承されているが、形は様々で、左手に打刀を持つものや、逆手で扱うもの、珍しいものでは二振りの脇差を使う、二刀小太刀術(柳生心眼流、天道流など)や二丁十手、二丁鎌なども存在する。
- The technique of two-sword fencing has been inherited by many classical Japanese martial arts in various styles, for example using an uchigatana (a type of sword used since the latter Muromachi period) in the left hand or holding a sword with a reverse grip, as well as some curious styles such as two-wakizashi fencing called nito-kodachi jutsu (literally, 'two small-sword fencing,' adopted by the Yagyu Shingan-ryu school, the Tendo-ryu school and others), nicho-jutte (two short metal truncheons), and nicho-gama (two-sickles).
- 弥生時代の鎧、剣、矛、鏃、弓 (武器)、埴輪などの出土品や、『古事記』、『日本書紀』などの日本神話に剣、矛、刀、弓など武器の記述があることから、なんらかの武技は存在していたものと思われるが、詳細は不明である。
- The artifacts such as yoroi (armor), ken (swords with two edges sharpened), hoko (long-handled Chinese spears), yajiri (arrowheads), yumi (bows as a weapon), haniwa (clay figures), and the like of the Yayoi period have been found, and Japanese Mythology in the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) and the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), etc include descriptions of the weapons such as ken, hoko, katana (swords), yumi, and the like, so it can be guessed that there were some kinds of bugi (martial practices), but the details can't be known.
- 中国の琵琶がフレットを増やして、楽器としての機能向上によって表現力を高めたのとは逆に、日本の琵琶はフレットを増やさず(場合によっては減らし)、その分演奏者の技倆をできるだけ活かして微妙な演奏を行うことを好んだ。
- Japanese biwa favored nuanced performances by making the most of a player's techniques rather than increasing the number of frets (reducing frets according to circumstance) while Chinese biwa increased frets and enhanced its powers of expression by improving functions as an instrument.
- 日本では、食糧の保存加工技術が進歩した縄文時代中期のものと思われる、堅果などのデンプン質が残留した、ビスケットないしはパン状の「縄文クッキー」(パン(クッキー)状炭化物)と呼ばれる、炭化物の考古遺物が出土する。
- In Japan, carbonized archaeological relics, called 'Jomon cookies' (carbonized bread like (cookie like) materials) were excavated, that contain residues of the nut's starch and are thought to be relics from the middle of the Jomon period, when the technique for preserving and processing food had progressed.
- 市場に送り出す工業製品として酒を生産する大手メーカーでは、杜氏を良くも悪くも製造技師としかとらえていないので、じっさいそのように呼んだり、製造部長もしくはチーフ・ブレンダーという肩書きを与えているところもある。
- Since major sake manufacturers who produce sake as industrial goods for the consumer market regard a toji person as just a production engineer in a good way or a bad way, they actually call him or her a toji production engineer, or some companies give other titles such as the general manager or the chief blender to toji people.
- 合気・呼吸力を具体的な技法原理として解明するために、脱力・体重利用・重心移動・腹腰部深層筋・梃子の原理・錯覚や反射の利用・心理操作など様々な側面から説明が試みられているが、実証科学的な研究はまだ充分とは言えない。
- In order to clarify aiki and breath power as concrete technical principles, there have been many attempts to explain them from various angles such as datsuryoku, the use of body weight, the shifting of one's center of gravity, the abdomen and lower back inner muscles, the leverage theory, the use of illusion and reflex, and psychological manipulation, but research from the perspective of empirical science has not been sufficient.
- 植芝盛平は岩間にて斉藤守弘と武器術の研究をし、斉藤が盛平の武器技を整理した合気剣と合気杖については、これを合気道の武器術と位置付ける師範と、合気剣と合気杖は斉藤の解釈が加わっているとして認めない師範とに分かれる。
- Morihei UESHIBA studied the art of weaponry in Iwama with Morihiro SAITO, and in regard to aikiken and aikijo, which Saito organized based on Morihei's weapon techniques, some grandmasters position them as the art of weaponry for aikido while other grandmasters disapprove of them, claiming that aikiken and aikijo include interpretation by Saito.
- その計画は実行することが決められ、天正遣欧少年使節の使節とともに、リスボンにてジョルジェ・ロヨラ修道士及びコンスタンチノ・ドラード、アウグスティノらに技術を学ばせ、また、同地より活版印刷機を持ち帰ることができた。
- Since it was decided to enforce the plan, Valignano caused Monk Jorge De Loyola, Constantino Durado, Augustino and so on to learn a technique in Lisbon with envoys from Tensho Keno Shonen Shisetsu (the Tensho Boy Mission to Europe), and succeeded in bringing back a letterpress printing machine from there.
- 堂射は高さ・幅に制限のある長い軒下(三十三間堂は高さ約5.5m、幅約2.5m、距離約120m)を射通す競技で、低い弾道で長距離矢を飛ばし、さらに決められた時間内で射通した矢数を競うため、独自の技術的発展を遂げた。
- Dosha is the game of shooting at Nokishita (a space under the eaves) with limited height and width (at Sanjusangendo, it is about 5.5m high, 2.5m wide and 120m long), and the technique has been developed independently because of the need for an arrow to fly a long distance over a low path, and also for a number of arrows to hit a target within a certain time limit, is contested,
- 高野製紙場では、勧業博覧会などにも積極的に出品して、技術改良にも熱心に取り組み、明治40年(1907年)抄紙機で襖紙の製造を開始し、明治42年(1909年)には、二重・三重の漉き掛けをこなす抄紙機も開発している。
- Working on improving technique and by actively entering products in industrial expositions, the manager of Takano paper mill began to produce fusuma paper with a shoshi-ki machine (a paper-making machine) in 1907 and invented a new shoshi-ki machine that was able to make double layered paper.
- 府はその後、2008年開催のオリンピック誘致を目指した大阪府大阪市の大阪オリンピック構想に対応するため、サッカー競技の開催地として建設計画を見直し、スタンドの規模を3万人収容に縮小して建設することを一旦発表した。
- After that, the prefecture once announced that it would respond to the Osaka Olympic Initiative of Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture, aimed at hosting the Olympic Games in 2008, by redesigning and downsizing the construction plan and building a stadium for the Olympic Football Tournament with 30,000 seats.
- 亀岡運動公園は、1988年(昭和63年)の京都国民体育大会に合わせて建設された体育館、競技場、野球場、プール、テニスコート、遊具などを兼ね備えた複合的なスポーツ施設であり、市や府の内外を問わず盛んに利用されている。
- Kameoka Sports Park is a sports complex that was built for the Kyoto National Sports Festival held in 1988, consisting of gymnasiums, an athletics stadium, a baseball field, swimming pools, tennis courts, and various types of play equipment, and is used by a large number of visitors not only from Kameoka-City but also from outside Kyoto Prefecture.
- まだ大規模な酒造器具も開発されておらず、台所用品に毛の生えた程度の器具しかなかったと思われるこの時代に、菩提酛、煮酛など高度な知識の集積にもとづいて、かなりの手間を掛け、精緻に洗練された技術で製造していたと思われる。
- It seems that the tools owned by brewers in those days were little more than kitchen utensils because large implements for brewing sake had not yet been developed, but based on high-level knowledge accumulated about 'Bodai-moto' (a sake ingredient), 'Ni-moto' (a sake producing method) and others, they seem to have produced Nanto moro-haku with considerable effort and scrupulously refined techniques.
- 本田技研工業が開発した可変バルブ機構「VTEC」は、焼き鳥を焼いているのを見ていた技術者が、串に打たれた具材が回ったり回らなかったりする(ネギは回るのに肉は回らない、など)のを見てその機構を思いついたと言われている。
- A rumor has it that the idea of 'VTEC,' a variable valve mechanism developed by Honda Motor Co., Ltd., hit the engineer when the engineer was looking at yakitori being grilled and observed that some skewered ingredients rotated and others did not (e.g., green onion pieces turned but meat did not).
- ボクシングの渡辺二郎やキックボクシングの猪狩元秀(現、NPO 法人日本拳法協会主席師範)などの世界チャンピオンを輩出し、自衛隊の自衛隊格闘術の原形に、また警察の逮捕術にもその技術がとりいれられたことでも知られている。
- It has produced world champions such as boxer Jiro WATANABE and kickboxer Genshu IGARI (the current chief grand master of a non profit organization called Nippon Kenpo Kyokai) and it is known that the techniques have been adopted as the model for Japan Self Defense Force MMA and arresting art of the police.
- 東大寺の再建には財政的、技術的に多大な困難があったが、養和元年(1181年)、重源は被害状況を視察に来た後白河法皇の使者である藤原行隆に東大寺再建を進言し、それに賛意を示した行隆の推挙を受けて東大寺大勧進職に就いた。
- The restoration of Todai-ji Temple was hampered by many financial and technical problems but in 1881 after Chogen came to inspect the damage, he made a proposal for the temple's restoration to Emperor Goshirakawa's messenger FUJIWARA no Yukitaka, who agreed and appointed him Todai-ji Temple Daikanjin.
- 日本においては、江戸時代初期までは四季醸造と名づけられる技術があり、新酒、四季醸造(あいしゅ)、四季醸造(かんまえざけ / かんまえさけ)、寒酒(かんしゅ)、四季醸造(はるざけ)と年に五回、四季を通じて酒が造られていた。
- There was a technique called shikijozo used until the early Edo Period, and shinshu (new sake), aishu, kanmaezake, kanshu (cold sake) and haruzake (spring sake) were brewed five times annually.
- 能楽を演ずる者には能楽協会に所属する職業人としての能楽師(玄人)の他、特定の地域や特定の神社の氏子集団において保持されている土着の能・狂言・式三番を演じる人々、能楽協会会員に月謝を払って技術を学ぶ素人の愛好家が存在する。
- Performers of Nohgaku include Nohgakushi (Noh actor), Kuroto (expert), who are professional actors belonging to the Nohgaku Performers' Association, people who perform native Noh play, Kyogen, and Shiki Sanban that have been passed on in specific regions or specific groups of Ujiko (shrine parishioners) of shrines, and amateur Noh performers who pay a monthly fee to a member of the Nohgaku Performers' Association to learn the techniques.
- 隠元の法孫に当たる鉄眼道光禅師は艱難辛苦の末に隠元のもたらした大蔵経を底本とした『鉄眼版(黄檗版)一切経』といわれる大蔵経を開刻・刊行し、これによって日本の仏教研究は飛躍的に進んだばかりか、出版技術も大きく進歩発展した。
- Zen Master Doko TETSUGEN, who was a successor (法孫) of Ingen, carved out a pattern of Daizo-kyo on a woodblock, which is called 'Tetsugen-ban Version (Obaku-ban Version) Issai-kyo Sutra,' based on the Daizo-kyo introduced by Ingen describing the trials and tribulations, and published it so that not merely the research of Buddhism in Japan would make dramatic process but the technology of publishing did as well.
- 第二次世界大戦後には、ウォルト・ディズニーやフライシャー・スタジオの影響を受けた手塚治虫が映画的な構図と漫画固有の記号性を合わせ持った表現技法を「新宝島」で定着させ、手塚の手法は日本漫画のデファクト・スタンダードとなった。
- After World War II, Osamu TEZUKA who was inspired by Walt Disney and Fleischer Studios, Inc. established the expression technique in 'Shin Takarazima' combining cinematic composition with symbolism specific to the comic, and his technique became the de facto standard of Japanese comics.
- ただし現在でも「弓術」を名乗り古流を厳格に維持する流派や、また古流を維持しながらも「弓道」とする流派・団体も有り、「弓道」「弓術」の境界は必ずしも明確にあるものではなく、思想・技術面から見ても明確に分類できるものではない。
- However, some schools are still in existence which use the term 'Kyujutsu' to maintain a strict Tradition and others use the term 'Kyudo' even though they maintain a Traditional School, so, the borderline between 'Kyudo' and 'Kyujutsu' is not necessarily clear nor classified clearly from the aspect of concept and technique.
- 墨流し、打ち雲、飛雲や切り継ぎ、破り継ぎ、重ね継ぎなどの継ぎ紙の技巧そして、中国渡来の紋唐紙を模した紋様を施した「から紙」など、京の工人たちは雁皮紙(がんぴし)の加工に情熱を注ぎ、和紙独特の洗練された加工技術を完成させた。
- The craftsmen in Kyoto devoted themselves to processing ganpishi such as the techniques of paper splicing including suminagashi, uchigumo (paper with a flying cloud), tobikumo (a flying cloud-like pattern appearing on indigo-blue and purple fiber-included paper), kiri-tsugi (cutting and splicing), yaburi-tsugi (cutting two kinds of paper with their ends in a swung dash form and splicing them) and kasane-tsugi (cutting five gradated kinds of paper with their ends in a swung dash form and splicing them), and 'karakami' with patterns that imitated Chinese mon-toshi (colored karakami with patterns), and completed sophisticated processing techniques particular to Japanese paper.
- 明治8年(1875年)、明治政府は、江戸幕府が定めた複雑に入り組んだ酒株に関する規制を一挙に撤廃し、酒類の税則を酒造税と営業税の二本立てに簡略化して、醸造技術と資本のある者ならば誰でも自由に酒造りができるように法令を発した。
- In 1875, the Meiji government totally abolished the complicated regulations on sakekabu which were determined by the Edo bakufu, simplified liquor tax into the tax of sake brewing and sales tax, and promulgated some laws and regulations for anyone who had brewing techniques and capital to be able to brew sake freely.
- 國技舘は戦時中に陸軍によって接収され、以後大相撲は後楽園球場・明治神宮外苑の相撲場・浜町公園の仮設国技館を経て、昭和25年 (1950) からは蔵前国技館で、昭和60年 (1985) 以後は両国国技館で興行されるようになる。
- As the Imperial Japanese Army took over the Kokugikan during the war, the grand sumo tournaments were held consecutively at Koraku-en garden baseball stadium, a sumo stadium established in the outer garden of Meiji-jingu Shrine, a temporary Kokugikan established in Hamacho Park during the war, at Kuramae Kokugikan from 1950 to 1984, finally being held at Ryogoku Kokugikan since 1985.
- 多くの棒術流派で『ゴホウ(五法、五方、御方)』『サシアイ(指合、差合)』『カサノシタ(笠の下)』『(ゴリンクダキ)五輪砕』『(ミズヒキ)水引』等の技法名が共通している存在する事から、流派間に何らかの関連があると考えられている。
- Since many schools of bojutsu have common names for techniques such as 'goho' (literally, five methods, five directions, etc.), 'sashiai' (literally, doing together, obstacle), 'kasanoshita' (literally, under an umbrella), 'gorinkudaki' (literally, crushing five wheels), and 'mizuhiki' (decorative Japanese cord made from twisted paper), it seems that there has been some relationship among the schools.
- 杜氏の発生の前提として、まず日本酒の産業革命ともいうべき、鴻池善右衛門による大量仕込み樽の技法が慶長5年(1600年)に開発されたこと、さらに、幕藩体制が敷かれ、各地方において農民と領主の関係が固定したことの二つが挙げられる。
- There were two facts which triggered toji; firstly Zen-emon KONOIKE developed a technique of large-sized preparation barrels in 1600, which can be said to be the industrial revolution of Japanese sake, and secondly the shogunate and domain system was established and it settled a relation between peasants and their lord in each region.
- 京からかみの場合は、型紙(紙を貼り合わせて柿渋を塗った渋紙を用いて型を切り抜いたもの)を用いて絵具を厚く盛り上げる「置き上げ」が行われ、江戸からかみでは更紗型染(捺染型染で、染料に膠を加えたもので型染めする)の技法を用いている。
- While the Kyo-karakami (Kyoto-type karakami) adopts a method of 'Okiage' (place up) which applies thick amounts of paint using a model paper (cutting out a model from a paper treated with astringent persimmon juice, made with two sheets of paper pasted together), the Edo-karakami (Edo-type karakami) uses a method of dyeing cotton with models to make prints (print-type dyeing with models and dyeing with colored glue).
- いっぽう日本国内においては、江戸時代初期には、後世から四季醸造と名づけられる技術があり、新酒、間酒(あいしゅ)、寒前酒(かんまえざけ / かんまえさけ)、寒酒(かんしゅ)、春酒(はるざけ)と年に五回、四季を通じて酒が造られていた。
- On the other hand, in the early Edo period Japan had a technique which was later named as sake brewing in all seasons, and the sake were brewed five times throughout a year such as, new brew of sake, aishu (sake brewed in the middle season), kanmae-zake (also referred as kanmae-sake; sake brewed before winter), kanshu (sake brewed in winter) to haruzake (sake brewed in early spring).
- 南北朝時代 (日本)以降、戦陣において歩射が一般化すると、戦国時代初期には歩射弓術を基礎とする日置流が発生し、矢を遠くへ飛ばす繰矢・尋矢(くりや、遠矢とも)、速射をする指矢(さしや、数矢とも)など様々な技法が発展した(五射参照)。
- Since the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) when Busha was generalized in battle, the Heki school based on the Kyujutsu of Busha, was founded in early Sengoku Period and various techniques such as Kuriya (繰矢・尋矢, 遠矢) to release arrow from far away and Sashiya (指矢, 数矢) of Sokusha (quick shooting) were developed (see Gosha).
- やがて、ワインへ行なわれていた日本酒アルコール添加の技法にヒントを得て、昭和14年(1939年)日本酒へ大量にアルコール添加することで容量を増やし、さらにそれでは辛すぎて飲めないということで糖類を添加して飲むという方法が開発された。
- Soon, with a hint from the method to add sake alcohol to wine, the method of adding a large amount of alcohol to sake to increase quantity, then adding sugars as the sake was too dry to drink, was developed in 1939.
- 大東流は直線的、合気道は円の動きと分類する向きもあるが、稽古の段階により、あるいは技の種類によって合気道でも直線的でなければならない技もあり、大東流でも円転しなければ使えない技もあるので、はっきりどちらがどうであるとは言い切れない。
- Some categorize Daito school as linear and Aikido as circular in movement, but depending on the stage of training or the type of technique, some techniques in aikido require linear movements and some techniques in Daito school can't be used without rotating in a circle; therefore, one can't say for certain which is which.
- 中世期の石塔は、それまでのもろい凝灰岩から硬質の花崗岩や安山岩の利用といった材質の変化、また関東に入った大蔵系石工の活躍、技術の進歩、大陸から入った禅宗を含む鎌倉新仏教の台頭などによって、複雑な形を持った新たな形式が数多く登場した。
- There appeared various new, elaborately shaped types of pagodas in the medieval period, chiefly because the quality of the materials in use had changed; hard stones such as granite and Anzangan rock (andesite) were substituted for a fragile stone called tuff (volcanic tuff); a mason of the Okura group entered the Kanto region and actively worked; the technologies advanced; and the Kamakura New Buddhism (new schools of Japanese Buddhism founded during the Kamakura period), including the Zen sect from the continent, evolved.
- 柔術の定義については、流派が数多くあり、技法の内容も多種多様であるため、一概には言えないが、例えば講道館の創始者嘉納治五郎は、「無手或は短き武器をもって、無手或は武器を持って居る敵を攻撃し、または防御するの術」である、と柔術を定義した。
- Having various schools and techniques, jujutsu is difficult to be defined uniformly, but, for example, Jigoro KANO, who was the founder of 'Kodokan judo' (the judo form of Kodokan Judo Institute), defined it as the offense and defense techniques using no (or a small) weapon against an armed or unarmed opponent.
- 申請者が特定の者の資金調達額の総額の三分の一以上について融資を行っている場合(申請者と出資、人事、資金、技術、取引等において緊密な関係のある者が行う融資の額を合わせて資金調達額の総額の三分の一以上となる場合を含む。)における当該特定の者
- A particular person where the applicant provides a loan for one-third or more of the total amount of said particular person's procured funds (including cases where the amount of such loan exceeds one-third of the total amount of the procured funds when combined with the amount of a loan provided by a person with a close relationship with the applicant in terms of contribution, personnel affairs, funds, technology, transactions or other matters)
- 信玄は彼女を「甲斐信濃二国巫女頭領」に任じ、信州小県郡禰津村(現長野県東御市祢津)の古御館に「甲斐信濃巫女道」の修練道場を開き、200~300人を超える少女達に呪術、祈祷から忍術、護身術、更に相手が男性だった時の為に性技まで教え込んだ。
- Shingen appointed Chiyojo as 'the chieftain of Miko both in the Kai and Shinano provinces' and opened the training hall called 'Kai and Shinano Miko do' in Netsu Village, Chiisagata County, Shinshu (the present-day Netsu, Tomi City, Nagano Prefecture) in which she taught 200 to 300 girls from jujutsu (an occult art), saying prayers to ninjutsu, art of self-defense and even an art of sex in case the enemy was a male.
- また法律の成立においても懸け物の的場(景品交換式遊技場)が基本にあるので、「遊技」と言う言葉が「遊戯」ではないのは、弓矢は技術が伴う事に由来し、法律の根拠としても偶然性のみのくじ引きである、「富くじ(宝くじ)」との区別の根拠となっている。
- In compliance with the law, the gambling is for prizes rather than money and, since 'yugi' (the games) are based on archery, which is a skill, they are written with the characters for 'play' and 'skill' rather than the usual 'play' and 'fun' and classified differently from the 'tomikuji,' which is a lottery based on pure chance.
- また後継者不足の問題も表面化してきており、その対策としてそば打ちの技術や作法を習得することを目的とした「豊平流そば打ち段位認定制度」を発足させ道の駅豊平どんぐり村で実施したり、新品種「とよむすめ」の栽培を展開するなど各種活動を行っている。
- At the same time, however, securing the future generation of soba makers has become a challenge and, as a measure to address the situation, the region has been taking various actions such as; implementing the 'Grade Certification System for Toyohira Soba Makers,' designed to teach the soba-making skills and manners, at Toyohira Donguri-mura Road Station and cultivating the new variety of buckwheat 'Toyomusume.'
- 一般に、江戸時代後期の狩野派絵師に対する評価はあまり高くないが、20世紀後半以降の研究の進展により、晴川院は古典絵画から幕末の新しい絵画の動きまで熱心に研究した、高い技術をもった絵師であったことが認識されるようになり、再評価の動きがある。
- Although the painters of the Kanoha group in the late Edo period are not well appreciated generally, there is a move to reappraise SEISENIN as the progress of the study after the late twentieth century recognizes that he was a painter with good technique who eagerly studied art from ancient paintings and on to the new painting movement at the end of the Edo period.
- 中世にも町屋 (商家)などと共に建てられており、近世、鉄砲の伝来の影響により城郭にも防火・防弾のために漆喰大壁の技術が用いられ、30cm以上の分厚い壁を多用したことで安土桃山時代後期から江戸期前後の櫓や天守などの防御施設は土蔵造りとなった。
- They were also built in the Middle Ages together with tradesmen's houses (merchant's houses), and in modern times, with the arrival of firearms, lime plaster stud wall techniques were also used on castles for fire-proofing and bullet-proofing, and mud walls over 30 centimeters thick as Dozo-zukuri style were extensively used on defensive structures such as guard towers and turrets keep from the late Azuchi-Momoyama period to around the Edo period.
- 截金・切金(きりかね)は、細金(ほそがね)とも呼ばれ、金箔・銀箔・プラチナ箔を数枚焼き合わせ、細い直線状に切ったり、三角形・菱形・丸型などの形に切った截箔(きりはく)を組み合わせ、筆と接着剤を用いて貼ることによって文様を表現する伝統技法である。
- Kirikane (literally, cut leaf), which is also called hosogane (literally thinly cut leaf), refers to a traditional technique of creating patterns by using brushes to bond several leaves of gold, silver or platinum together, which are then burnt together and cut into shapes such as narrow rectangles, triangles, diamonds, or circles.
- 一方では日本酒アルコール添加を、かつての三増酒に施した防腐や嵩増しの目的ではなく、あくまでも酒質を高めるための究極の技法として追及している石川県「菊姫」の菊姫合資会社のように、純米蔵宣言とは別の方向で日本酒の品質向上と信頼回復に励んでいる蔵もある。
- On the other hand, there are some sake breweries which make efforts to improve the quality of sake and restore the reliability as Kikuhime Joint-stock Company of 'Kikuhime' in Ishikawa Prefecture which seek a way of adding alcohol as an ultimate method to improve the quality of sake in stead of the purpose of preventing putrefaction or increasing volume like sanzoshu.
- 石室の造営や石棺の製作と古墳の葺石および居館周濠の貼石などに大量の石材の使用と、大きな石材を積み上げ固い石を加工するといった技術がみられ、墳丘の造成に版築と呼ばれる工法が使用されたり、池溝の開作や築堤など大規模な土木工事が行われるようになっていた。
- Large scale use of building stones, techniques used to place huge stone blocks on top of each other and processing hard stone were applied to construct stone foundations, production of a sarcophagus and fuki-ishi (a stone covering an old tomb) were discovered, and a construction method called hanchiku (hard soil made using wooden frames) to make a hill tomb was discovered, and a large scale civil engineering such as making ponds, ditches, and embankments were carried out at the time.
- 日本酒吟醸酒など高級酒を仕込むときには、高度な技術と機械に頼らない手作業が必要とされるが、麹造りの段階でそれにあたる日本酒蓋麹法(ふたこうじほう)のなかで、日本酒蓋麹法と呼ばれる、熱を帯びてきた日本酒麹を小分けにするときに詰める箱状の道具が麹蓋である。
- Intricate manual techniques that do not rely on machines are required when brewing expensive Nihonshu (Japanese rice wine) ginjo sake (sake made from rice grains milled to 60% or less of original weight), and koji-buta are box-shaped tools used to divide the koji when using the futakoji method.
- また、石川勾当の作品『八重衣』が三味線のあまりの難技巧のため、忘れ去られようとしているのを惜しんだ宮原検校が一計を案じ、「世間では箏の手付けの名人と讃えられているが、さすがに『八重衣』に箏の手が付けられないようでは八重崎も大したことはない」と吹聴した。
- Also, the work 'Yaegoromo' (An Eight-Fold Garment) by koto ISHIKAWA, where the shamisen parts were extremely difficult to play, was being forgotten and kengyo MIYAHARA regretted this and contrived a plot, saying 'YAEZAKI is publicly honored for his koto virtuosity, but he's never played 'Yaegoromo' and is not a big deal.'
- また建物自体も、本館、表門(正門)、同札売場及び袖塀が1969年(昭和44年)、「旧帝国京都博物館」として国の重要文化財に指定されており、技術資料参考館(旧恩賜京都博物館陳列品収納用倉庫)が2008年(平成20年)、国の登録有形文化財に登録されている。
- For its buildings, the main hall, the front gate (main gate), the ticket office and sodebei (outside wall) were designated as important cultural properties in 1969 as 'the Former Imperial Museum of Kyoto,' and the Technical Materials Center (Kyu Onshi Kyoto Hakubutsukan Chinretsuhin Shunoyo Soko) was designated as a national cultural facility in 2008.
- 後者の場合、御膳酒は藩造酒(はんぞうしゅ)の最高級品であったが、藩造酒じたいの醸造技術が拙く、数々の努力にもかかわらずついに他国に通用するに至らなかった藩もあるので、そのような場合、藩主は藩の財政改善のため、味覚的に多少の我慢をして飲んでいたことになる。
- In the latter case, although the gozenshu was supposed to be the top quality sake brewed by the clan, some clans had poor brewing techniques despite many efforts, and could not sell their gozenshu to other domains; in such case, the lord was drinking it with some tolerance in terms of the taste, so as to improve the finances of his domain.
- 清朝の暦法(時憲暦)が、実はイエズス会の宣教師が伝えた技法を採用していることを知った征夷大将軍徳川吉宗は、キリスト教色を排除した形で西洋天文学を取り入れた暦法を採用したいと考えるようになり、その意向を受けた西川正休・渋川則休らの手によって改暦の準備が始められた。
- Knowing that the rekiho (method of making calendars) used by the Qing dynasty (the Jikenreki; known in English as the Chinese calendar) was, in fact, based on Western calendrical methods introduced by Jesuit missionaries, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, the then Seii taishogun (literally, great general who subdues the barbarians), decided to adopt a new calendrical system by introducing Western astronomy with all Christian influence removed, and in accordance with Yoshimune's wishes, Masayoshi NISHIKAWA and Noriyoshi SHIBUKAWA began preparations to reform the calendar.
- 裁判所調査官、裁判所事務官(事務局長たるものを除く。)、裁判所書記官、裁判所速記官、家庭裁判所調査官、家庭裁判所調査官補、執行官及び裁判所技官の勤務する裁判所は、最高裁判所の定めるところにより最高裁判所、各高等裁判所、各地方裁判所又は各家庭裁判所がこれを定める。
- The Court where research law clerks, court administrative officials (except Chief of Secretariat), court clerks, court stenographers, family court research clerks, assistant family court research law clerks, court enforcement officers, and technical officials of the court are to work, shall be designated by the Supreme Court, a High Court, a District Court, or a Family Court as determined by the Supreme Court.
- 通常は、各種の武芸である日本武術、江戸期の公家家職に由来する有職故実・礼式、そのほか能楽、歌舞伎、人形浄瑠璃などの芸能、邦楽、茶道、華道、香道、書道、盆庭などをはじめとして、伝統工芸的な手工業、古典園芸など、ひろく技術を伝承する分野においてこうした観念が見られる。
- This concept can normally be seen in the various Nihon bujutsu (Japanese martial arts) and the Yusoku kojitsu (traditional protocol of the imperial court and samurai families) or reishiki (etiquette) that are derived from the practices and manners observed by court nobles in the Edo period; it can also be seen in fields where skills are passed down from one generation to the next, ranging from performing arts such as Nohgaku, Kabuki, and Ningyo Joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater), Hogaku (traditional Japanese music), Sado (tea ceremony), Kado (flower arrangement), Kodo (traditional incense-smelling ceremony), Shodo (calligraphy), Bontei (tray garden) to traditional handicrafts and classic gardening.
- 現在、日本で拳法と名の付く代表的なものには少林寺拳法と日本拳法があり、前者は仏教系新宗教を背景として幅広い層に普及し、後者は大学拳法部を中心にいくつかの団体に分かれて広がってきたが、スポーツ化した一面も持つと言われており、いずれもテレビで技を見せるなどの活動もある。
- Presently in Japan, shorinji kenpo and nihon kenpo are famous - the former has spread among a wide range of people within background of a new religion and the latter has spread among some groups centered on university kenpo teams and turned into a sport in a sense – but both are performing activities such as showing their techniques on TV.
- 昭和5年(1930年)の縦型精米機の登場によって、一時は飛躍的な発展の可能性がかいまみえた日本酒吟醸酒の技術に関しても、昭和13酒造年度(1938年-1939年)から精米歩合が65%以下に規制されて出鼻をくじかれ、本格的な発展にはなお三十年近い歳月を待つことになった。
- Although the technique of ginjoshu seemed to be able to develop rapidly by the invention of vertical-type rice-milling machines in 1930, it could not be fully developed for almost 30 years, damaged by the regulation of the rice-polishing ratio which was under 65 percent in the Showa 13 brewing year (1938 to 1939).
- 俵屋宗達は慶長から寛永にかけて活躍した絵師で、光悦の芸術村での独特の表現と技術を凝らした画風がのちに宮廷に認められ、狩野派など一流画壇の絵師たちと並んで仕事を請け負うようになり、町の絵師の出身としては異例の「法橋」に叙任され、今日に残るふすま絵や屏風絵の名作を描いている。
- Sotatsu TAWARAYA was a painter who flourished from 1596 to 1643, and his own expression and style of painting with elaborate skills in the art village of Koetsu were later recognized by the Imperial Court, and consequently, he, together with the painters of a painting circle of the first rank such as the Kano school, received a contract for painting work and drew existing fusuma paintings and paintings for folding screens, and was appointed to 'hokyo' (a title for craftsmen including painters and persons of profession such as physicians) exceptionally as a painter who grew up among the townspeople.
- そのなかで、天理教の2代真柱である中山正善による蒐集によってキリシタン版を多く所蔵するようになった天理大学附属天理図書館において、館長富永牧太以下の新井トシや大内田貞郎などの館員によって書誌学的研究が進められ、とくに印刷技法や出版事業の研究において重要な成果がもたらされた。
- Under such circumstances, in the Tenri Central Library which came to possess many books of Kirishitan-ban due to collection by the second Shinbashira (the head of the Tenrikyo Church) Shozen NAKAYAMA, bibliographical studies were implemented by Makita TOMINAGA, Director of the library, and library staff, including Toshi ARAI and Sadao OUCHIDA, and significant results were achieved especially in studies on printing technique and publishing projects.
- 関西風と比べて遥かに大量の野菜が入り、また分厚くて火が通りづらい広島風の場合、家庭の低い火力では野菜の水分が飛ばずにべちゃっとした仕上がりになってしまうこと、ひっくり返すのにも多少の技術が必要なこと、生地・そば・卵などを同時に焼ける広い鉄板が必要なことなどがその理由である。
- This is because Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki puts far more amount of vegetables than that of Kansaifu-okonomiyaki, is less likely to be cooked because of thickness and thus the low heat in the household can not extract water from the vegetables and so the finished one is watery, a bit of skill is necessary for turning it over, and the iron plate, which is wide enough to be able to grill the dough, soba, egg, etc., at the same time, is necessary.
- だが、行基の指導による墾田開発や社会事業の進展や地方豪族や民衆らを中心とした教団の拡大を抑えきれなかったこと、行基の活動が政府が恐れていた「反政府」的な意図を有したものではないことから、731年(天平3年)禁圧を緩め、翌年河内の狭山下池の築造に行基の技術力や農民動員の力量を利用した。
- However, the government could not stop Gyoki leading the development of new rice field and other social activities, or the religious community mainly consisted of local clans and ordinary people; the goverment also recognized that Gyoki's activities did not have any 'anti-government' intentions, which the goverment feard; so, the government weakened the suppression in 731, and made full use of Gyoki's powers in technology and gathering peasants for the construction of Sayamashimo-ike Pond in Kawachi in 732.
- 加えて、合気道の型稽古の技法では、「受けは、多少不利な体勢になってもつかんだ手を離さない」や「受けは背中側をとられたら前足を軸に振り向いて相手についていく」や「多少崩れたら、普通に耐えられそうでも受身を取る、(投げられる)」というように、現代の現実の格闘場面では考え難い前提が存在している。
- Additionally, in aikido's kata training techniques there are assumptions such as 'the defender doesn't let go of the grip even if he/she is in a somewhat disadvantaged position,' 'when the defender is attacked on his back side, he/she turns around on the front foot and follows the opponent,' or 'when balance is lost slightly, perform ukemi even if it feels as if it's tolerable (be thrown),' which are unthinkable in today's actual fights.
- 芸能、技芸を技術的な問題としてのみ捉えることをせず、しばしば実生活と芸の世界を混同させて、常住坐臥が芸を高めるための契機であり、修行であると考え、しかのみならず当人の倫理性、道徳性がそのまま芸にあらわれるがゆえに、芸の向上は同時に人格の向上でなければならない、とするところに芸道の特徴がある。
- The main characteristic of Geido is the idea that the heightening of one's art should be simultaneously accompanied by a heightening of one's personality because one's ethics and morality are directly revealed in one's art; this is derived from the idea that rather than regarding the performance of arts and techniques as merely a matter of skill, we should merge our everyday lives and the world of art, which is an opportunity to heighten our art and is itself a form of training.
- オリンピックの公式競技では使用されなかったが、1936年(昭和11年)のベルリンオリンピックでは、日本人選手が現地での練習で六尺褌を使用していたところ、日本人選手の速さの秘密は水着の褌にあるのではないかと日本人選手に外人記者の取材が殺到し、褌姿の選手と一緒の記念撮影を求められたこともあった。
- At the 1936 Berlin Olympics, when some Japanese swimmers wore rokushaku fundoshi during practice in Berlin (though it was not used in official competitions), foreign reporters, suspecting that the secret of the Japanese swimmers' speed lay in fundoshi swimwear, bombarded them with enquiries and some reporters requested to have commemorative photographs taken with swimmers wearing fundoshi.
- 近年、大東流や合気道での使用法の影響で、特に素手の武術、武道において相手の力に力で対抗せず、相手の“気”(攻撃の意志、タイミング、力のベクトルなどを含む)に自らの「“気”を合わせ」相手の攻撃を無力化させるような技法群やその原理を指すようになった(剣道や古来よりの武器術では元来の意味で使われる)。
- In recent years, influenced by its use in Daito school and aikido, it refers to the techniques and principles of disabling the opponent's attacks by 'matching the 'qi'' of oneself to the 'qi' (including the will to attack, timing and vector of force) of the opponent, instead of competing against the opponent's force with force, especially in martial arts using bare hands (it is used for its original meaning in kendo (the Japanese art of fencing) and in the ancient arts of weaponry).
- 学校教育において明治期には武術は教育に教育困難でかつ有害であるとされていたが、講道館や大日本武徳会による柔道(柔術)、剣術の統一の基本技制定や集団教育法など教授法改良により明治44年(1898年)に旧制中学校の課外授業に撃剣(剣術)と柔術が導入され、名称は武道、剣道、柔道とされ、必修の正課になった。
- During the Meiji period, Bujutsu was considered to be difficult and harmful in school education, but in 1898 'gekiken' (kenjutsu, swordplay) and jujutsu were introduced as an extra lesson in the junior high schools of the old education system through the improvement of pedagogical methods such as the method of mass education or the unification of the basic skills of judo (jujutsu) and kenjutsu by the Kodokan Judo Institute and Dainippon Butoku-kai (Great Japan Federation of Martial Arts), and the lessons were called 'budo,' 'kendo' and 'judo' as compulsory, formal subjects.
- しかし江戸時代後期を中心に生じたものには実用性が必ずしも高くないものも少なくなく、一流派ですべての水勢に対して必要な泳法を備えるものはないとされ、1932年、文部省の指示によって日本水上競技連盟は在来の泳法のうち重要なものを採択し、スピードを主とした競技泳法を加えて「標準泳法」とし、国民必修のものとした。
- However, those started in the late Edo period were not always practical, and considered that a school could not cope with all the different forces of water, and so in 1932, Japan Aquatic Competition Federation (forerunner of Japan Swimming Federation) selected important ones from the conventional styles, designating them to be 'standard styles of swimming' including competitive styles focused on speed, setting them as a compulsory subject at schools.
- 本来の「戦いの武器としての日本刀」という観点では、各特殊軍刀々身は近代技術を取り入れらて完成された日本刀となり、肝心の実用性に於いては究められたものの、見た目の美的要素は皆無な物が多く(関の半鍛錬昭和刀の様に双方を兼ね備えた物もある)、今日では製造方法の上からも、日本刀の範疇には含まれない事にはなっている。
- From the original viewpoint of 'Japanese swords as weapons to fight with,' each of the special blades became a perfect Japanese sword using modern technology and had an essential practical utility, but most of them have no taste of beauty in appearance (some swords including semi-forged Showa Swords of Seki have both), so, today, they are not supposed to be included together with Japanese swords, also from the standpoint of the production method.
- 現代武道が技の錬磨以上に人間形成と体育的見地からの心身の鍛錬を目的として技術の体系を構築し、また競技、試合を重視しているのに対し(例:柔道、剣道)、古武道は基本的に試合での勝敗を目的とせず(流派によっては他流試合を禁じていた)、実際に身を守り暮らす事や、武士としての使命を果たすための鍛錬などが目的とされていた。
- While gendai budo establishes the systems of the arts and places emphasis on competitions or matches for the purpose of disciplining mind and body from the point of view of the human development and physical education more than polishing the arts (for example, judo, kendo), the fundamental purpose of kobudo was not winning a match (some of the schools had forbidden trainees from competing in the contest between different schools), but defending themselves actually to live or disciplining themselves to carry out their missions as samurai.
- 後に江戸時代には、この公家の楊弓と庶民の神事である祭り矢・祭り弓が元になり「的屋(まとや)」が営む懸け物(賭け事)の「的矢(弓矢の射的遊技)」として庶民に楽しまれ、江戸時代の後期には隆盛を極め、大正時代まで続いたといわれるが、江戸時代から大正に至るまで好ましくない賭博や風俗であるとされ、度々、規制や禁止がなされた。
- Later in the Edo Period, yokyu combined with the common 'festival bows and arrows' ritual to became a gambling game called 'matoya' (written with the characters for 'target' and 'arrow') run by people who were also called 'matoya' (written with the characters for 'target' and 'monger') and which prospered from the late Edo Period through the Taisho Period (1912 - 1926), although it was occasionally banned as it was considered to be undesirable gambling and to corrupt public morals.
- これを参考に日清戦争直後の明治末から大正にかけて、これまでの技術が主となる内容ではなく教育的効用や精神修養を重んじる風潮となり(剣道家の高野佐三郎の歌にも「剣道は神の教えの道なれば やまと心をみがくこの技」とある)日本の伝統的な戦闘技法である日本武術を大日本帝国臣民としての精神修養としての道とし、学校教育に採用した。
- With reference to this, the trend came to have content that emphasized not the traditional techniques but the educational effect, or mental training, from the end of the Meiji period to the Taisho period, just after the Japanese-Sino War (in the song of the kendo master Sasaburo TAKANO, 'As kendo is the way of God's instructions, cultivate the 'yamato-gokoro' (Japanese spirit) by way of the sword'), and Japanese bujutsu as the way of Japanese traditional fighting skills was adopted in school education as a means to promote mental training in the subject under the Empire of Japan.
- 通常Jリーグの試合ではメインスタンドから向かって左側のサイドスタンドがホーム側、右側はアウェー側となっている(実際1996年度まではこの通りだった)が、このスタジアムの北(左)側サイドスタンドは、2巡目国体の第1回の際に聖火台として使用されたモニュメントや3000m障害競技に使われる水濠があるため充分な観戦スペースがない。
- Usually in the games of the J League, centering on the main stand, the stand of left side is for the home side and the right side is for the visiting side (in fact, as it was until 1996), but in the case of the north (left) side-stand of this stadium, there is a monument used as the platform (structure) bearing the Olympic flame in the first National Sports Festival's second round and the water jump used for the 3000 meters steeplechase race and thus there is not enough space there for watching games.
- これが中世期から近世期にかけて、さまざまな芸が体系化され伝授の形式を整えてゆくにつれて、単に芸能、技芸の体系というにとどまらず、それをめぐる思想や哲学的背景、さらに修行や日常生活の場においてこうした形而上的な問題をいかに生かし、みずからの芸を高めてゆくかという問題が含められてゆくようになって成立したのが、芸道という観念である。
- When various arts became systematized from the middle ages to the early modern period, it started to take on more meanings, not simply meaning system of performing arts and techniques, but also including ideas and philosophical backgrounds of arts, and the issue of how these metaphysical problems could be used in ascetic practice and daily life to heighten one's own art, leading to the establishment of the concept of geido.
- 京都市は2008年11月21日、西京極総合運動公園内の3施設(陸上競技場、野球場、体育館)を対象に命名権(ネーミングライツ)を導入する意向を明らかにし、このうち野球場について年間契約額2500万円以上、契約期間5年以上、施設名称に「京都」もしくは「西京極」を付与することなどを条件に、2009年1月8日から1月30日まで売却先の募集を行った。
- In November 21, 2008, Kyoto City announced the introduction of naming rights for the three facilities (athletic stadium, ballpark, and gymnasium) in The Nishikyogoku Comprehensive Sports Park and as for the ballpark; it solicited for the buyer, the right from January 8 to 30, 2009 under the condition that the amount of yearly contract should be more than 25 million yen, the term of contract should be more than five years, the name of the facility should include the word 'Kyoto' or 'Nishikyogoku,' and so on.
- 1930年代前半に誕生し、一時期は発展の可能性がかいまみられながらも、戦中戦後の窮乏のなかでそれが棚上げのかたちとなっていた吟醸酒も、1970年代には、醪(もろみ)造りの工程における温度管理の技術が飛躍的に発達し、また協会系酵母協会7号や協会系酵母協会9号などの吟醸香を出す新しい酵母が実用化され、ようやく少量ずつ市場へ出荷されるようになった。
- The ginjoshu which appeared in the early 1930s but was interrupted because of the shortage of materials although it could have been more developed, gradually came to be sold in markets in small amounts in the 1970s, since the technique of temperature control in the process of making moromi was rapidly developed and the new yeasts with aroma of ginjo, such as the seventh and the ninth yeasts of the Brewing Society were put into practical use.
- 江戸時代を通じて、基本的に酒はその造り方、流通、販売に至るまで商人がプロデュースするものであったが、上記のような理由から藩という地方自治体が酒造りを立案し、伊丹酒や灘五郷や奈良流など当時の酒造先進地域より酒師(さかし - 杜氏とほぼ同義)や麹師(こうじし)といった技術者を少なからぬ藩費で招聘し、土地の大商人に醸造設備などを整備させて始めた地酒のことを、後世から便宜上藩造酒(はんぞうしゅ)と呼ぶ。
- While sake was basically produced by the merchants throughout the Edo period in all fields of brewing methods, distribution and sales, local governments or domains, due to the above reasons, started to brew Jizake (local sake) called, in later ages for convenience, Hanzoshu (sake brewed by the domains) by preparing brewing plans, inviting at no small expenses of the domain's technical experts such as Sakashi (sake brewer) (almost the same meaning as Toji [sake brewer]) and Kojishi (a person in charge of the koji-manufacturing) from the advanced regions in sake brewing like Itami sake, Nada gogo (five districts in Nada), Nara style sake and so on and making local wealthy merchants maintain brewing facilities.
- 特定の者が申請者の資金調達額(貸借対照表の負債の部に計上されているものに限る。以下この号及び次条第九号において同じ。)の総額の三分の一以上について融資(債務の保証及び担保の提供を含む。以下この号及び次条第九号において同じ。)を行っている場合(当該特定の者と出資、人事、資金、技術、取引等において緊密な関係のある者が行う融資の額を合わせて資金調達額の総額の三分の一以上となる場合を含む。)における当該特定の者
- A particular person who provides a loan (including a guarantee of liabilities and provision of collateral; the same shall apply in this item and item 9 of the following Article) for one-third or more of the total amount of the applicant's procured funds (limited to those included in the liabilities on the balance sheet; the same shall apply in this item and item 9 of the following Article) (including cases where the amount of such loan exceeds one-third of the total amount of the procured funds when combined with the amount of a loan provided by a person with a close relationship with said particular person in terms of contribution, personnel affairs, funds, technology, transactions or other matters)
- またその形稽古の技法が「片手取り」(攻撃者が相手の手首を掴みに来る)「正面打ち」(攻撃者が手刀を振りかぶって打って来る)など、現代の現実の格闘場面では考え難い攻撃法に対処する形になっている(これは合気道の元になった古流柔術が帯刀を前提とした時代のものであり、「抜刀しようと刀の柄に掛けた手を押さえる→片手取り」「刀で斬り掛かって来る→正面打ち」などの場面を想定した稽古法であったことに由来すると言われている)
- Furthermore, the techniques of kata training such as 'katatedori (the attacker grabs the opponent's wrist), 'shomen-uchi strike' (the attacker swings down a tegatana to hit) are forms of response to attacks that are unlikely in today's actual fights (this is due to the fact that old-style jujutsu, which was the origin of aikido, was from the age when a sword on a belt was used, and such training simulates scenes such as 'holding down the hand that was placed on the grip of the sword to draw it, i.e., katatedori' and 'being swung down a sword, i.e., shomen-uchi strike).'
- 特定の者が自己の計算において所有している議決権と当該特定の者と出資、人事、資金、技術、取引等において緊密な関係があることにより当該特定の者の意思と同一の内容の議決権を行使すると認められる者及び当該特定の者の意思と同一の内容の議決権を行使することに同意している者が所有している議決権とを合わせて、申請者(個人を除く。)の議決権の三分の一以上を占めている場合(当該特定の者が自己の計算において議決権を所有していない場合を含む。)における当該特定の者
- A particular person whose total number of voting rights held by said person on the person's own account and the voting rights held by persons who are found to exercise their voting rights in the same manner as the intent of said particular person due to a close relationship with said particular person in terms of contribution, personnel affairs, funds, technology, transactions or other matters, or by persons who agree to exercise their voting rights in the same manner as the intent of said particular person, are one-third or more of the voting rights of the applicant (excluding individuals) (including cases where said particular person does not hold any voting rights on the person's own account)
- 「刃中の働きは元から切っ先までむらなく”匂い口が締まってサーッと消え入りそうに刃先に向かう”のが最大の特徴であり、匂い口を締て刃中を働かせていいることなど古刀期ならではの技量であり、地鉄の良さが平安・鎌倉(”二流工”の意味)をも凌ぐと武家目利の興趣は絶賛しており、兼定に始まって兼定に終わるとさえ云われている、孫六兼元のような”変化の激しさ”とは対照的に”静寂”な作風である、之定銘の作は素人受けする派手な刃紋が多い、銘は自身銘であり、銘切師には一切切らせておらず”奥義”のある銘振りである。
- The effect of the blade is even from the base to the tip, and 'Nioi-kuchi (small particles of Martensite) is tight and turns into the blade tip like it's disappearing quickly' as the greatest characteristic, and tightening Nioi-kuchi and having an effect of the blade feature are typical techniques of the Koto (Old Swords) period, and Kyoshu, a samurai connoisseur highly praised its fine steel for surpassing Heian and Kamakura (they are supposed to be second-class craftsmen), and it is even said that it all comes down to Kanesada; Contrary to the 'wide change' seen in Magoroku Kanemoto, it has a 'serene' work style; most of the works with the inscription of Nosada have fancy blade patterns which amateurs like; the inscription is done by himself, without an inscriber, which makes the inscription 'deep.'
- 申請者が自己の計算において所有している議決権と申請者と出資、人事、資金、技術、取引等において緊密な関係があることにより申請者の意思と同一の内容の議決権を行使すると認められる者及び申請者の意思と同一の内容の議決権を行使することに同意している者が所有している議決権とを合わせて、他の法人又は法人でない団体で代表者又は管理人の定めのあるもの(以下この条において「法人等」という。)の議決権の三分の一以上を占めている場合(申請者が自己の計算において議決権を所有していない場合を含む。)における当該他の法人等
- Another juridical person or an organization which is not a juridical person and which appoints a representative or an administrator (referred to as the 'Juridical Person' in this Article) where the total number of voting rights held by the applicant on the applicant's own account and the voting rights held by persons who are found to exercise their voting rights in the same manner as the intent of the applicant or persons who agree to exercise their voting rights in the same manner as the intent of the applicant due to having a close relationship with the applicant in terms of contribution, personnel affairs, funds, technology, transactions or other matters, accounting for one-third or more of the voting rights of said other Juridical Person (including cases where the applicant does not hold any voting rights on the applicant's own account)
- 申請者(個人を除く。)の主要議決権所有者(特定の者が自己の計算において所有している議決権と当該特定の者と出資、人事、資金、技術、取引等において緊密な関係があることにより当該特定の者の意思と同一の内容の議決権を行使すると認められる者及び当該特定の者の意思と同一の内容の議決権を行使することに同意している者が所有している議決権とを合わせて、申請者の議決権の十分の一以上を占めている場合(当該特定の者が自己の計算において議決権を所有していない場合を含む。)における当該特定の者をいう。第十二条第一項第五号において同じ。)の氏名又は名称、住所及び所有する議決権の割合
- The name, address and the proportion of voting rights held by the main voting rights holder(s) (the main voting rights holder means a particular person whose total number of voting rights held on the person's own account and the voting rights held by persons who are found to exercise their voting rights in the same manner as the intent of said person or persons who agree to exercise their voting rights in the same manner as the intent of said person due to a close relationship with said person in terms of contribution, personnel affairs, funds, technology, transactions or other matters accounting for one-tenth or more of the voting rights of the applicant (including cases where said particular person does not hold any voting rights on the person's own account); the same shall apply in Article 12, paragraph 1, item 5) of the applicant (excluding individuals)
- 呼称は、柔術に対する講道館の柔道を参考に、明治32年に武術再興のため設立した大日本武徳会が江戸時代以来の剣術や撃剣を学校の体育教育に採用できるよう稽古法を改め、大和心(大和魂)など精神修行とする(高野佐三郎の歌にも「剣道は神の教えの道なれば やまと心をみがくこの技」とある)ため、名称を大正8年(1919年)ごろ剣道としたという記録に残っており、明治末から大正初期ごろに成立したものらしい(なお剣道という用語は、例えば寛文7年(1667年)安倍立伝書に剣術は日用の術なので剣道という号にするという表現がみえるなど、江戸時代にも流派によっては使われたこともある)。
- The name 'Kendo' seems to have been established in or around the end of Meiji period to the early Taisho period, as it recorded that Dai Nippon Butoku Kai, which was established in 1899 to restore Bujutsu, using examples from Jujutsu versus Judo of the Kodokan Judo Institute, established the Kendo name in around 1919 so that Kenjutsu and Gekken, which were handed down from the Edo period, would be introduced into physical education in the school system by changing the training methods and making it a form of mental training such as Yamato-gokoro (Japanese spirit) (Yamato-damashii [Japanese spirit]) (a poem of Sasaburo TAKANO describes, 'Kendo is a God-instructed way; this technique refines Yamato-gokoro') (the term 'Kendo' was used by some schools as early as the Edo period; for instance, Abe-tate densho (book) in 1667 described that since Kenjutsu was for daily use the name of Kendo would be used).
- その理由として、江戸時代に入って徳川綱吉によって諸国鉄砲改めによる百姓の狩猟及び銃の原則所持禁止、銃器の移動制限がなされたことや、鎖国の影響による技術進歩の停滞という通説、フリントロック式は火縄式に比べ強力なバネが装着されており、撃鉄作動時の衝撃が大きく、引金を引いてから一瞬遅れて装薬に着火する機構のため銃身がぶれ、火縄銃に比べ命中率が悪く「一発必中」を好む日本人から嫌われたらしいことのほかに、日本では良質の火打石が産出せず大量生産ができなかったこと、またおそらくはすべての武術と同じく鉄炮術も一種の競技的な要素を含んで流派形式で継承されたため、その結果必然的に器具類の改変は避けられた、という要素も大きかった。
- The reasons for this follow; in the Edo period Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA prohibited hunting and the possession of a gun by farmers in principle; that the transfer of a gun was limited; that, commonly believed, the technological advance of guns stagnated from the influence of the exclusion of foreigners (national isolation); that a flintlock gun (flintlock system) had a stronger spring than a hinawaju and when the gunlock operating the impact was big and after trigger was pulled, the ignition mechanism for the explosive charge momentarily wavered and the accuracy of fire was bad and thus Japanese who liked to 'ippatsu hicchu' (hit with one shot), disliked the flintlock gun; that good quality flints could not be found in Japan and could not be mass-produced; and that, as a big factor, the art of gun was inherited probably in the form of a school-style gun for competitions like all the martial arts and as a result, the improvement of the weapon was necessarily avoided.