恩: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- ご恩
- favor, kindness or blessing (favour)
- 恩智
- Omuchi
- Onji
- Onchi
- Ondzi
- 恩典
- favour
- favor
- act of grace
- special privilege
- 恩沢
- favour
- favor
- benefit
- Onsawa
- Onzawa
- 恩徳
- grace
- blessing
- compassion
- Ontoku
- 厚恩
- great favor
- great favour
- obligation
- 御恩
- favor, kindness or blessing (favour)
- Goon
- 高恩
- great benevolence or blessings
- 君恩
- the favor of one's ruler (favour)
- 旧恩
- old favors
- old favours
- 恩命
- gracious command or words
- 恩頼
- divine grace
- divine protection
- boon from the gods (or the emperor, etc.)
- 恩賚
- divine grace
- divine protection
- boon from the gods (or the emperor, etc.)
- 恩愛
- kindness and affection
- love
- On'ai
- 恩義
- obligation
- favour
- favor
- debt of gratitude
- indebtedness
- 恩威
- benevolence and strictness
- 恩誼
- obligation
- favour
- favor
- debt of gratitude
- 恩師
- teacher
- one's former teacher
- 恩幸
- the emperor's personal favour
- 恩顧
- favour
- favor
- patronage
- 恩倖
- the emperor's personal favour
- 恩恵
- grace
- favor
- favour
- blessing
- benefit
- Une
- Megumi
- beneficence
- boon
- odds
- privilege
- 国恩
- one's debt to one's country
- 師恩
- the kindness of a teacher
- 朝恩
- imperial blessing or favor (favour)
- 天恩
- blessings of heaven
- favour of emperor
- favor of emperor
- divination's luckiest day
- blessings of nature
- 聖恩
- imperial blessings or favor (favour)
- 大恩
- great debt of gratitude
- great obligation
- 少恩
- small favors
- small favours
- 報恩
- repaying a kindness
- gratitude
- 主恩
- the favor (favour) of one's master
- 重恩
- heavy obligation
- special blessing
- 仏恩
- grace of Buddha
- indebtedness to Buddha
- 芳恩
- favour
- favor
- kindness
- obligation
- debt of gratitude
- 忘恩
- ingratitude
- thanklessness
- 恩賞方
- The Rewards Office
- Onshogata (office for administering reward grants)
- 恩田陸
- Onda Riku (h) (1964.10.25-)
- 恩納村
- Onnason
- Onna, Okinawa
- 恩返し
- requital of a favour (favor)
- repayment (of an obligation, kindness, etc.)
- 恩送り
- pay it forward
- paying it forward
- repaying a good deed by doing good for others
- 大恩人
- great benefactor
- person to whom one is greatly indebted
- 報恩講
- memorial services for the founder of the sect (esp. for Shinran in Shin Buddhism)
- Hoon-ko (a memorial services for Shinran)
- Hoonko (memorial services for the founder of the Buddhist sect)
- 恩赦状
- certificate of pardon
- 周恩来
- Zhou Enlai
- Chou En-lai (1898-1976)
- 知恩寺
- Chionji
- Chion-ji Temple
- 知恩院
- Chion-in Temple (p) (in Kyoto)
- One of Chionin Temple
- The Chion-in Temple
- 大中恩
- Oonaka Megumi (h) (1924.7.24-)
- 東恩納
- Touonna
- Touonnai
- Touonno
- Touonnou
- Toono
- Higaonna
- Higashionna
- Higashionno
- Higashionnou
- 恩田英明
- Onda Hideaki (1948.3-)
- 恩田快人
- Onda Yoshito (h) (1963.12.13-)
- 恩田英久
- Onda Hidehisa (1969-)
- 恩田尚之
- Onda Naoyuki (h) (1962.12.17-)
- 下恩方町
- Shimoonkatamachi
- Shimoongatamachi
- 恩田怡彦
- Onda Yoshihiro (1933.2-)
- 恩田美栄
- Onda Yoshie (h) (1982.12.13-)
- Yoshie Onda
- 恩を売る
- to demand gratitude
- to do something for someone in order to create an obligation of gratitude from that person
- 恩に着る
- to feel oneself indebted to
- be grateful
- 恩恵期間
- period of grace (e.g. in which merchant vessels are allowed to leave a belligerent nation's port after an outbreak of war)
- 恩根内駅
- Onnenai Station (st)
- 命の恩人
- person who saved someone’s life
- The Bodyguard (1944 film)
- 上恩方町
- Kamiongatachou
- Kamiongatamachi
- 恩に報いる
- Repay an obligation
- 三時知恩寺
- Sanji Chion-ji Temple
- 知恩院唐門
- Karamon (Chinese gate) of Chionin Temple
- 知恩院経蔵
- Kyozo (sutra repository) of Chionin Temple
- 知恩院三門
- San-mon Gate of Chionin Temple
- 恩賞・人事
- Rewards/Those Serving in the Government
- 周恩来歌碑
- Stone monument engraved with a poem composed by Zhou Enlai
- 御恩と奉公
- Goon (favors) and hoko (services)
- Favor and Service
- Go-on to Hoko (Patronage and Service)
- 恩地日出夫
- Onchi Hideo (1933.1-)
- 恩地孝四郎
- Onchi Koushirou (h) (1891.7.2-1955.6.3)
- Kōshirō Onchi
- 恩田恵美子
- Onda Emiko (h) (1937.4.20-)
- 恩田千佐子
- Onda Chisako (h) (1967.9.4-)
- 恩を着せる
- to make one feel grateful
- 恩に掛ける
- to demand gratitude
- to make a favour of something
- to remind of a favour done to someone
- to emphasize the favour one has done
- 恩に着せる
- to demand gratitude
- to make a favour of something
- to remind of a favour done to someone
- to emphasize the favour one has done
- 恩恵を被る
- to share in the benefit
- 恩恵を蒙る
- to share in the benefit
- 恩赦の申出
- Recommendation for Pardon
- 東恩納裕一
- Higashionna Yuuichi
- 恩給審査課
- Pension Examination Division
- 恩給相談官
- Director of Pension Counseling Office
- 恩給業務課
- Pension Execution Division
- 恩給審理官
- Director of Pension Trial Office
- 恩給企画課
- Pension Planning Division
- 大学報恩講
- Hoonko (Shinran Memorial Day)
- 報恩講…親鸞
- Hoonko Ceremony: Shinran
- 号は花恩院。
- His pseudonym was Kaon-in.
- 知恩院勢至堂
- Seishido hall of Chionin Temple
- 知恩院大鐘楼
- Daishoro (great bell tower) of Chionin Temple
- 恩田運動公園
- Onda athletics park
- 恩寵を受ける
- to enjoy (a person's) favor (favour)
- 恩寵を享ける
- to enjoy (a person's) favor (favour)
- 恩返しをする
- to return a favor (favour)
- to repay
- return favor
- 恩を仇で返す
- to return evil for good
- repay kindness with evil
- bite the hand that feeds one
- 恩赦状の下付
- Issuance of certificates of pardon
- 上野恩賜公園
- Uenoonshi Park
- Ueno Park
- 国頭郡恩納村
- Kunigamigun'onnason
- 恩赦管理官
- Director of the Amnesty Office, General Affairs Division
- 恩着せがましい
- patronizing
- expecting gratitude in return
- acting like one is doing someone a favor
- condescending
- 恩赦法施行規則
- Ordinance for Enforcement of the Pardon Act
- 恩着せがました
- put on a patronizing air
- 法恩寺山古墳群
- Houonjisankofungun
- 恩給制度研究官
- Chief Analyst of Pension Programs
- 知恩院初代門跡。
- He was the first Monzeki (head priest of a temple, formerly led by the founder of a sect) of Chion-in Temple.
- 信心正因称名報恩
- Expressing gratitude by chanting 'shinjin shoin' (true is the faith)
- 知恩院三門・本堂
- Chion-in Temple's San-mon Gate and Hon-do Hall (Main Hall)
- 報恩寺のタケノコ
- Hooji bamboo shoot
- (=門徒報恩講)
- (=Monto Hoon-ko)
- 恩赦と既成の効果
- Pardon and established effect
- 恩赦に関する命令
- Orders about pardon
- 神の恩寵によって
- by the Grace of God
- 法恩寺山有料道路
- Houonjisanyuuryoudouro
- 知恩院の七不思議
- The Seven Wonders of Chion-in Temple
- 智恩寺 (宮津市)
- Chion-ji Temple (Miyazu City)
- – 日蓮『報恩抄』
- (Nichiren, 'Hoonsho')
- 華頂山(知恩院山)
- Mt. Kacho (also known as Mt. Chionin)
- 恩徳地の結びイブキ
- Ontokujinomusubiibuki
- 大慈恩寺三蔵法師伝
- Biography of Master Xuanzhuang, Volume 6
- 恩をあだで返すな。
- You bit the hand that fed you.
- 私は彼に恩がある。
- I am indebted to him.
- 国恩寺 - 第三位
- Kokuon-ji Temple - The third rank
- 絹本著色慈恩大師像
- Kenpon Chakushoku Jiondaishi-zo (a portrait of the Jiondaishi statue colored on silk)
- 知恩院道(智慧の道)
- Chioninmichi road (road of wisdom)
- 宮号は知恩院に因む。
- The Miyago is connected with Chion-in.
- 在家報恩講の勤行次第
- The gongyo procedure for the Hoonko at the lay believers home
- - 詳細は知恩院参照
- For more information, refer to section for Chionin Temple.
- - 詳細は酬恩庵参照
- For more information, refer to section for Shuonan.
- (関連用語→恩給)。
- (Related term: Onkyu [reward from master to vassal]).
- 子を持って知る親の恩
- He that has no child knows not what love is
- 特定の者に対する恩赦
- Pardon for a specific person
- ~の恩恵に浴している
- be basking in ~
- ~のために恩義がある
- be indebted to a person for ~
- 京都・知恩院(鐘楼)
- Chion-in Temple (bell tower) in Kyoto Prefecture
- 彼に深い恩義がある。
- I am deeply in debt to him.
- 退職手当・恩給審査会
- Retirement Allowance and Pension Examination Committee
- 彼は私の命の恩人だ。
- I owe him my life.
- 法然上人絵伝(知恩院)
- Honen Shonin Eden (Chion-in Temple)
- 報恩寺(千葉県長南町)
- Hoon-ji Temple (Chonan-machi, Chiba Prefecture)
- 菩提所は、鳴滝報恩寺。
- The family temple was the Hoon-ji Temple in Narutaki.
- 智恩寺多宝塔〔宮津市〕
- Tahoto of Chion-ji Temple [Miyazu City]
- 恩田川サイクリング道路
- Ondagawa cycling track
- 上申を求める恩赦の種類
- The type of pardon for which the petition is being submitted;
- 百万遍知恩寺(京都市)
- Hyakumanben Chion-ji Temple (Kyoto city)
- 知恩院(京都市東山区)
- One of the Chionin Temple (in Higashiyama-ku Ward, Kyoto City)
- 知恩院 - 京都市東山区
- Chion-in Temple: Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City
- 神の恩恵を与えられる方法
- means of grace
- 信心正因称名報恩という。
- This is called Shinji Shoin Shomyo Ho-on (meaning only the belief given by Amida Butsu leads you to the Pure Land, so you have to recite the name of Amida Butsu to express the feeling of gratitude).
- お前は恩を仇で返したな。
- You bit the hand that fed you.
- 宗派別の御正忌報恩講の日程
- The schedule of Goshoki Hoon-ko according to schools
- 信因称報義 酬恩社 明15
- Shinin Shohogi: Shuon-sha, 1882
- 号は花恩院、諡号は往還院。
- His pseudonym was Kaonin, and his posthumous name was Okanin.
- 大報恩寺(千本釈迦堂)本堂
- The Main Hall of Daihoon-ji Temple (Senbon Shakado hall)
- その医者は私の命の恩人だ。
- The doctor has saved my life.
- (信心正因。称名報恩)のもの
- (It is called Shinjin shoin [Faith is the proper cause.], Shomyo hon [Invocation is to repay the benevolence.])
- 丹波亀山城跡—大本本部天恩郷
- Tanba Kameyama-jo Castle Site: Omoto's spiritual center, Tenon-kyo
- 三時知恩寺(浄土宗)入江御所
- Sanji Chion-ji Temple (Jodo sect) Irie-gosho
- 詳しくは金勝山慈恩寺浄厳院。
- The proper name is Jogon-in of Jion-ji Temple, Konzesan.
- 山号は子嶋山(報恩山とも)。
- The sango (literally, 'mountain name'), which is the title prefixed to the name of a Buddhist temple is Kojimasan (Houonzan).
- 戒名、奥山慈恩または念阿上人。
- His Kaimyo (posthumous Buddhist name) was Jion Okuyama or Nena Shonin.
- 「当午山満勝寺の比丘知恩の文」
- '当午山 Manshoji Biku Chion no bun'
- 僕は彼に少なからず恩義がある。
- I am in no small degree indebted to him.
- 彼女は彼を恩人だと思っている。
- She looks upon him as a benefactor.
- 彼らは彼女を恩人として敬った。
- They held her in high esteem as their benefactor.
- 滋賀県蒲生郡安土町慈恩寺744
- 744, Jionji, Azuchi-cho, Gamo-gun, Shiga Prefecture
- 民話でも鶴の恩返しなどがある。
- The Grateful Crane, a folktale, also has a similar plot.
- 大報恩寺 - 本堂(千本釈迦堂)
- Daihoon-ji Temple: Hondo (a main hall) (so-called Senbonshaka-do)
- 知恩院 - 三門、本堂(御影堂)
- Chion-in Temple: Sanmon (three gates) and Hondo (a main hall) (Miei-do)
- 千本釈迦堂-大報恩寺の項を参照。
- Senbon Shaka-do Temple - see the section of 'Daihoon-ji Temple.'
- 恩恵を請うのは私の威厳に関わる。
- It is beneath my dignity to ask a favor.
- 開山は寺伝では僧・報恩と伝える。
- The temple legend says the founder of the temple is a monk, Houon.
- 知恩院や京都御所御苑を点々とする
- The school facilities were moved to Chion-in Temple and then to various other places including Kyoto Imperial Palace.
- 京都府の知恩院のものが有名である。
- Uguisubari in Chion-in Temple in Kyoto Prefecture is famous.
- 21条・禅助に対して報恩する気持ち
- Article 21: Repayment of a kindness to zenjo
- 墓所は京都府京都市東山区の知恩院。
- Her cemetery is in Chion-in Temple in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- - 在家報恩講で拝読する『御文』。
- The 'Ofumi' which should be read at the Hoonko at the lay believers home.
- 恩賞奉行などがこの請求を審査した。
- Their claims were examined by onsho bugyo (the office of rewards).
- 園域は八坂神社、知恩院に隣接する。
- It lies next to Yasaka-jinja Shrine and Chion-in Temple.
- 私は恩師の世話でこの仕事に就いた。
- I got this job with my teacher's help.
- 恩人に礼節を欠いてはなりませんよ。
- You must not lack decorum dealing with your benefactors.
- 彼らは彼を恩人として尊敬している。
- They look up to him as their benefactor.
- 彼女は彼を命の恩人だと思っていた。
- She thought of him as her lifesaver.
- 慈恩寺はその後兵火により焼失した。
- After that, Jion-ji Temple was burnt down by a fire during war.
- 阿弥陀聖衆来迎図(早来迎)(知恩院)
- Amida Shoju Raigo (Descent of Amida and the Heavenly Multitude) painting (Rapid Descent) (Chion-in Temple)
- 過去には船乗りで、平重盛に恩がある。
- Used to be a sailor in the past and owes TAIRA no Shigemori.
- - 報恩講翌日の朝の勤行で拝読する。
- Should be read in the morning gongyo on the next day of the Hoonko.
- 酬恩庵(しゅうおんあん)〔京田辺市〕
- Shuonan Temple [Kyotanabe City]
- サービスの恩恵を多くの人々が受ける。
- Many people benefited from the service.
- 恩赦の申出 (第八十九条・第九十条)
- Recommendation for Pardon (Article 89, Article 90)
- 1481年、88歳で酬恩庵に没した。
- He died at Shuuonan in 1481, at the age of 88.
- 私は彼がしてくれたことに恩義がある。
- I owe him a debt of gratitude for what he did.
- 彼らは恩赦法によって許されるはずだ。
- They should be pardoned by the amnesty law.
- 熱帯雨林は地球に多くの恩恵を与える。
- Rainforests provide the earth with many benefits.
- また、博士以下に恩賞として禄を賜った。
- In addition, a stipend called Onsho (a reward grant) was awarded to hakase and other instructors.
- 近頃私たちは自然の恩恵を忘れがちです。
- Nowadays we are apt to forget the benefits of nature.
- 近い内にあなたの親切に恩返しをしたい。
- I would like to repay your kindness in the near future.
- 生きている限りご恩は決して忘れません。
- I'll never forget your kindness as long as I live.
- 私は君に何から何まで恩恵を受けている。
- I owe everything to you.
- 彼は恩師にまったく感謝していなかった。
- He was far from thankful to his former teacher.
- 命がある限りあなたのご恩は忘れません。
- I shall never forget your kindness.
- 両親の面倒を見ない人は忘恩の罪を犯す。
- People who do not look after their parents are guilty of ingratitude.
- 知恩院好み抱き茗荷と三菱葵丸立涌である。
- The Chionin Temple has favored daki-myoga (facing two Japanese ginger shoots) and mitsubishi-aoi (three lozenge mallows) with maru-tatsuwaku (symmetrical mountain-shaped curves with circles).
- 墓所は報恩寺 (和歌山市)、池上本門寺。
- Her graves are at Hoon-ji Temple (Wakayama city) and Ikegami Honmon-ji Temple.
- 墓所は京都府宮津市の智恩寺 (宮津市)。
- Her tomb is in the Chion-ji Temple (Miyazu City), Miyazu City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 5 報恩院 (大阪市) 大阪市中央区高津
- 5. Hoon-in Temple: Kozu, Chuo Ward, Osaka City
- 京都・大報恩寺 ― 六観音(重要文化財)
- Kyoto Daihoon-ji Temple - Roku Kannon (an important cultural property)
- 私は恩人にしたことを、恥ずかしく思った。
- I was ashamed of what I had done to my benefactor.
- 君には病気の時助けてもらった恩義がある。
- I feel indebted to you for your help during my illness.
- 江戸時代には知恩院の役番として活躍した。
- In the Edo period, it played an important role as yakuban (gate guard) of Chion-in Temple.
- 12月7日・12月8日-大報恩寺、成道会。
- December 7 and 8: Jodo-e (Celebration of Shakyamuni Buddha's enlightenment) at Daihoon-ji Temple.
- だが、知恩院には入れずに泉涌寺に居住する。
- However, he could not enter into Chion-in Temple so he resided at Sennyu-ji Temple instead.
- 妹尾は彼らの流罪が恩赦されたことを伝える。
- Seni told them that they had been granted amnesty.
- 三宝院、報恩院、金剛王院、理性院、無量寿院
- Sanpo-in Temple, Hoon-in Temple, Kongoo-in Temple, Risho-in Temple, Muryoju-in Temple
- 浜離宮恩賜庭園(東京都中央区 (東京都))
- Hama-Rikyu Onshi Teien Garden (located in Chuo Ward, Tokyo Prefecture)
- 恩田民親(松代藩家老。藩財政再建に尽力)。
- Tamichika ONDA (A Karo Officer of the Matsushiro domain. He made efforts to rebuild domain finance.)
- 明治44年(1911年) 恩賜財団済生会総裁
- In 1911, Prince Sadanaru became president of the Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation Inc.
- 5歳の時に知恩院門跡に治定されて同寺に入る。
- When he was five years old, he was selected to be the Monzeki of Chion-in Temple and entered the temple.
- 浜離宮(現在の浜離宮恩賜庭園):東京都中央区
- Hama Imperial Villa (current Hama Royal Garden): Chuo Ward, Tokyo
- 芝離宮(現在の旧芝離宮恩賜庭園):東京都港区
- Shiba Imperial Villa (it is currently known as the former Shiba Imperial Garden): Minato Ward, Tokyo
- 覚如の『報恩講式』…「恒に門徒に語りて曰く」
- In 'Hoonkoshiki,' by Kakunyo: 'Always talk to monto.'
- 9月上旬:神恩感謝日本太鼓祭(三重県伊勢市)
- Early September: Shinon Kansha Nihon Taiko-matsuri Festival (Japanese Drum Festival for thanksgiving to the gods' blessings) (Ise City, Mie Prefecture)
- このように恩賞のあり方はきわめて多様化した。
- Thus, the concept of rewards became extremely diverse.
- 恩賞給与には常に公平性の問題がつきまとった。
- Reward grants always raised the question of fairness.
- あなたには病気の時助けてもらった恩義がある。
- I feel indebted to you for your help during my illness.
- 彼は私の命を助けてくれたので非常に恩がある。
- I owe him a great deal because he saved my life.
- 1868年 知恩院山内源光院に仮勧学場を設置
- 1868: The temporary kangaku-ba was founded in Chion-in Yamauchi Genko-in Temple.
- 知恩院に入寺して落飾し、尊秀入道親王と称した。
- He entered into Chion-in Temple and called himself Takahide Nyudo Shinno (monk-Prince).
- 「龍樹章」…「釈迦如来楞伽山~応報大悲弘誓恩」
- Ryuju Sho' - 'Shakanyorairyogasen - Ohodaihiguzeion'
- 一.四恩十善の教えを奉じ人の人たる道を守るべし
- Observe moral principles by embracing the teaching of Shion Juzen (four gratitude and ten good acts).
- 親鸞の法要行事である報恩講にて拝読されている。
- It is read at the Hoon-ko, a memorial services for Shinran.
- 市東部の報恩寺(ほおじ)地区で取れるたけのこ。
- Bamboo shoot harvested in the Hooji area in the eastern part of the city.
- 恩賞(おんしょう)とは、次のように定義される。
- Onsho (reward grants) is defined as follows.
- 彼女が散々してやった挙げ句の果てが忘恩だった。
- All she got for her pains was ingratitude.
- 湖城以正、東恩納寛量、上地完文などがそうである。
- Examples of the latter are Isei KOGUSUKU, Kanryo HIGAONNA and Kanmon KAMICHI.
- また、再雇用も恩典もその後受けることはできない。
- Moreover, these officials shall not be able to receive reemployment and special dispensation after it.
- これが実現して200町歩もの農地が恩恵を受ける。
- This proposal was executed and 200 chobu (hectares) of agricultural land benefited from his project.
- 功績を挙げた郡司・富豪・俘囚に恩賞が与えられた。
- The Imperial Court granted rewards to gunji, the rich and powerful class, fushu who were of great service.
- 1316年に醍醐寺報恩院の道順から灌頂を受ける。
- In 1316, he was given Kanjo (conferred the basic precepts and mystic teachings of esoteric Buddhism) by Dojun of Hoonin, Daigo-ji Temple.
- 私達は太陽の恩恵を当たり前のことだと思っている。
- We take the blessing of the sun for granted.
- 範遠の愛用した和弓が、浄恩寺に2つ保管されている。
- Two Japanese bows Norito used habitually were kept in Joon-ji Temple.
- 『灌頂の巻』住吉慶恩筆といい、あるいは光信筆という
- Keion SUMIYOAHI or Mitsunobu 'Kanjo no maki'
- 家紋は竹に雀、菩提所は報恩寺、居所は院参町とした。
- The family crest was 'Bamboo and Sparrow;' the family temple was the Hoon-ji Temple; and the family residence was located in Inzancho.
- 建礼門院が懐妊したため、平清盛が恩赦を出したのだ。
- TAIRA no Kiyomori had granted amnesty because of Kenreimonin's pregnancy.
- 行住坐臥にも報ずべし、かの仏の恩徳(おんどく)を。
- I must call the name of Amida Buddha in every single action of mine.
- 永仁7年(1299年)、報恩講の為に京都に赴いた。
- In 1299, he visited Kyoto to participate in Hoon-ko (the memorial service for Shinran.)
- 高野山は危機を脱し、8月21日には恩賞が行われた。
- Koyasan got through a crisis and on September 17 it gave Onsho (reward grants).
- 功績の顕著な者に対しては朝廷から恩賞が給与された。
- Those among them who carried out fine performance were rewarded by the Imperial Court.
- クラスのほとんど全員が謝恩会を開くことに賛成した。
- Almost everyone in the class voted in favor of having a thank-you party for the teachers.
- この地方は新しい産業の恩恵を被ることになるだろう。
- The community will benefit from the new industry.
- 12月・第1日曜日-宇多野三宝寺、日蓮忌日報恩法要。
- The first Sunday of December: Nichiren kinichi hoon hoyo (monthly memorial service for Nichiren) at Udano Sanpo-ji Temple.
- 柔仁で儒者を好み、貴賎を問わずしきりに恩勅を下した。
- He was calm and collected, liked Confucian scholars and often granted imperial clemency irrespective of the subject's social standing.
- 所属寺の報恩講との兼ね合いを踏まえて、日時を決める。
- Schedule should be decided taking in consideration of the schedule of the Hoonko of the temple you belong to.
- 知恩院〔京都市東山区新橋通大和大路東入三丁目林下町〕
- Chionin Temple [Rinka-cho, Shinbashidori Yamatooji Higashi-iru 3-chome, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City]
- こうした武功による恩賞の査定・授与を論功行賞という。
- This assessment and provision of rewards based on military performance was called ronko kosho.
- 私は旧友に出会い、さらに不思議な事に恩師に出会った。
- I met an old friend, and what was more strange, my former teacher.
- 知恩院とならぶ格式を誇る浄土宗の大本山の1つである。
- It is one of prestigious daihonzan (head temple of a Buddhist sect) of Jodo Sect along with Chion-in Temple.
- やがて、鎌倉時代が進むと、恩賞の概念はより多様化した。
- In the mid to late Kamakura period the concept of rewards became more diverse.
- 此の刀を服する者は、長寿にして子孫洋々、□恩を得る也。
- The one who has this sword will live long, and his descendants will flourish, being blessed.
- 特に知恩院の尊照と増上寺の存応は、家康の崇敬を受けた。
- Sonsho in Chion-in and Son'o in Zojo-ji Temple were especially respected by Ieyasu.
- 辞書といえば、私はいろいろな辞書の恩恵を受けています。
- Talking of dictionaries, I have benefited from various kinds.
- 今昔物語集等に記載がある蟹の恩返しの伝承で有名である。
- The temple is famous for the 'Kani no Ongaeshi' tradition written about in Konjaku Monogatarishu (lit. Anthology of Tales from the Past).
- 京都の妙心寺、知恩院の梵鐘の音とそれぞれ決められている。
- Sounds of temple bells from Myoshin-ji Temple and Chion-in Temple in Kyoto are used.
- これは、日蓮も『報恩抄』において、次のように述べている。
- In 'Hoonsho' (On Repaying Debts of Gratitude), Nichiren also writes as follows:
- 知恩院本堂(御影堂)(ちおんいんほんどう(みえいどう))
- Hondo (Mieido) of Chionin Temple
- 記録所、恩賞方、9月には雑訴決断所がそれぞれ設置される。
- Offices were established for the keeping of records and the distribution of rewards, and in the ninth month an office for the deciding of miscellaneous appeals was also established.
- 大正元年司法省令第三号恩赦令施行規則は、これを廃止する。
- The Ordinance for Enforcement of the Order of Pardon, Ministry of Justice Ordinance No. 3 of 1912, is hereby abolished.
- 慈恩大師基 (僧)(632年 - 682年) 法相宗開祖
- Jion Daishi Ki (priest) (632 - 682): Founder of Hosso Sect.
- 同様に「報恩講御文」・「御浚御文」は、平時には拝読しない。
- For the same reason, the letter group 'Hoonko Ofumi' and the letter 'Osarae Ofumi' are not read in regular gongyo.
- 更に朝廷の官職への推挙権や幕府の役職も恩賞の対象となった。
- Rights to commend meritorious warriors to posts in the Imperial Court or to appoint them to posts in the Shogunate were also regarded as rewards.
- また、豊臣恩顧の大名に許された称号としての役割も果たした。
- Besides, it served as the title given to daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) who were patronized by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- 石燈籠 旧所在報恩寺(京都市上京区小川通寺ノ内下ル射場町)
- Stone Lantern: formerly owned by Hoon-ji Tmple at Ibacho, Teranouchi-sagaru, Ogawadori, Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City
- 貴族といえども減刑は許されず、恩赦の対象にもならなかった。
- Even nobles were neither given reduction of the penalty nor granted amnesty.
- 知恩院敷地に多くを囲まれるが、同院とは独立した別の寺である。
- Although the temple is surrounded by the premises of Chion-in Temple, Isshin-in Temple is independent and distinct from Chion-in.
- 家人の恩賞を朝廷に周旋し、家人の任官・昇叙に関与したりした。
- They in turn recommended the Imperial Court to reward kejin, and were involved in kenin's appointment as governmental officials or their promotion.
- 『報恩抄』『法華取要抄』『三大秘法抄』などに記述が見られる。
- It has been described in 'Hoon-sho,' 'Hokke-shuyo-sho,' 'Sandaihiho-sho' and so on.
- 酬恩庵は通称「一休寺」と言い、京都府京田辺市の薪地区にある。
- Shuuonan, commonly called 'Ikkyuuji', is located in the Takigi area of Kyoutanabe City in Kyoto.
- 念仏の道場とし、伽藍を整備し、如空のとき功徳院知恩寺と称した。
- He made it a dojo (place of Buddhist practice or meditation) of nenbutsu (Buddhist prayer) and built a Buddhist temple, and Nyoku called it Kudokuin Chion-ji Temple.
- 智恩寺(ちおんじ)は、京都府宮津市にある臨済宗妙心寺派の寺院。
- Chion-ji Temple, located in Miyazu City, Kyoto Prefecture, is a temple of the Myoshin-ji School of the Rinzai Sect.
- 丁重に扱われ、付喪神となったものが、恩を返すなどした伝承もある。
- One legend states that a thing that was treated courteously and became Tsukumogami would repay the owner.
- 12月9日・12月10日-鳴滝 (京都市右京区)了徳寺、報恩講。
- December 9 and 10: Hoon-Ko (Day of Gratitude) at Ryotoku-ji Temple, Narutaki (Ukyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City).
- 以前は恩賜のタバコが授与されたが、現在では菓子が授与されている。
- In former times they were given imperial cigarettes, now replaced by sweets.
- 函根(箱根)離宮(現在の神奈川県立恩賜箱根公園):神奈川県箱根町
- Hakone Imperial Villa (current Kanagawa Prefecture Hakone Royal Garden): Hakone-cho, Kanagawa Prefecture
- 驕兵は戦闘のときにも十分な恩賞が約束されねば戦おうとしなかった。
- Kyohei did not even fight in a battle if they were not adequately compensated.
- 後に領主権力も自己を領民の庇護者としての恩恵(国恩)を強調した。
- Later, feudal lords claimed to be the protectors of the people of the domain and stressed the benefit of the existence of such protectors (kokuon (benefit given by the lord of domain)).
- 大報恩寺本堂(千本釈迦堂)〔京都市上京区五辻通六軒町西入溝前町〕
- Hondo of Daihoon-ji Temple (Senbon Shakado) [Mizomae-cho, Itsutsujidori Rokken-cho Nishi-iru, Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City]
- これらの権利は、天皇から臣民に与えられた「恩恵的権利」とされた。
- These rights were thought to be 'the right given by emperor's favor.'
- 恩賞方は鎌倉幕府の討幕運動に参加したものに対する論功行賞を処理。
- The Rewards Office handled the conferral of honors and awards to those who had participated in the campaign to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu.
- 平氏政権は人事や荘園の多くを掌握し、恩賞を差配する地位についた。
- The Taira regime took control of many appointments and manors, thereby acquiring the position that enabled them to manage reward grants.
- 時頼は常世に礼を言い、言葉に偽りがなかったのを誉めて恩賞を与える。
- Tokiyori expresses his gratitude to Tsuneyo, praises that Tsuneyo had given no false words, and provides him with Onsho (reward grants).
- 知恩院の修復をはじめとして、作事・普請の才を認められた人であった。
- From the time of his restoration of Chion-in Temple, his construction skills were highly regarded.
- 東大寺東南院の樹慶に三論宗を、醍醐寺報恩院憲深に真言密教を学んだ。
- Shoshu studied the doctrine of Sanron sect under Jukei of Tonan-in of Todai-ji Temple and Shingon Esoteric Buddhism under Kenjin of Hoon-in of Daigo-ji Temple.
- 11月21~28日の間に本山で厳修される報恩講の予修として勤める。
- Gongyo is done as the preliminary event of the gonshu (holding a Buddhist ceremony) of Hoonko at the head temple from November 21 to November 28.
- 上野高直は、下道郡市場村の臨済宗万寿山報恩寺を再興し菩提寺とした。
- Takanao UENO restored Manju-zan Hoon-ji Temple of the Rinzai sect in Ichiba Village, Shimotsumichi County and turned it into the family temple.
- 追捕官符なしの追捕行為は私合戦とされ、恩賞の対象とはならなかった。
- The act of capturing criminals with no tsuibu kanpu was considered a private fight, and no reward was provided for the achievement.
- そのため、後日の恩賞のため、参陣や軍功の事実を証する必要が生じた。
- Therefore participation in war or military exploits had to be proven for later rewards.
- 官途状は領土の加増などと並ぶ、恩賞のひとつとしての役割を果たした。
- Kantojo functioned as one of the reward grants, similar to increase in territory.
- 志賀の都で忠臣たちへ恩賞が授与され、久我之助と雛鳥の供養が行われる。
- The loyal vassals are rewarded in Shiga no Miyako (the ancient capital of Japan in current Shiga, also called Otsu no Miyako), and a Buddhist service is held for Koganosuke and Hinadori.
- 坂東曲(ばんどうぶし)とは、真宗大谷派の法要・報恩講でなされる行事。
- Bando-bushi is an event taking place at Buddhist memorial services and Hoon-ko (memorial services for Shinran) in the Otani school of the Shinshu Sect.
- 真宗大谷派においては、仏恩・師恩に対する報恩報謝、仏徳讃嘆すること。
- In the Otani school of the Jodo Shishu sect, it means a hoon hosha (repay a kindness and thank for a virtue) and a buttokusantan (praise the virtues of Buddha) to butsuon (the graces of Buddha) and shion (favors one receive from one's teacher).
- そのため、給与された恩賞に対する不満は常に潜在していたと言ってよい。
- It can be said therefore that there was constantly latent dissatisfaction at granted rewards.
- 足利義満の猶子となり、三宝院賢俊に入室し、報恩院隆源の下で得度した。
- Mansai was adopted by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, and studied Buddhism under Sanboin Kenshun to come to enter the Buddhist priesthood under Hooin Ryugen.
- 『京都市東山知恩院前上ル 一澤帆布製』と縫い込まれた赤枠のタグで有名。
- It is known for the tag 'Kyoto-shi Higashiyama Chion-in maeagaru IchizawaHanpu sei' (made by Ichizawa Hanpu in Chion-in maeagaru, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City) stitched into the red border.
- 林家舞楽(1981年1月21日 寒河江市慈恩寺ほか 谷地の舞楽保存会)
- Hayashike bugaku court dance and music (January 21, 1981; Jion-ji Temple in Sagae City, etc.; Yachi no Bugaku Hozonkai [Association for the Preservation of Bugaku in Yachi])
- 酬恩庵(しゅうおんあん)は、京都府京田辺市にある臨済宗大徳寺派の寺院。
- Shuon-an Temple, located in Kyotanabe City, Kyoto Prefecture, is a temple of Rinzai sect's Daitoku-ji school.
- 信光明寺3世を経て、1521年(永正18年)京都知恩院25世を継いだ。
- He assumed the position of the third chief priest in Shinkomyo-ji Temple, and then succeeded to Chion-in Temple in Kyoto as the 25th chief priest in 1521.
- 後にそれぞれの省に人事局恩賞課が置かれた他、功績調査部なども置かれた。
- Subsequently, each ministry created a reward section under the Bureau of Personnel alongside the Achievement Appraisal Department.
- 中世日本において武士同士の主従関係は、御恩と奉公により成り立っていた。
- The relationship between lord and vassal in medieval Japan was based on favor and service.
- 京都知恩院には勢至堂が建てられ、本尊として勢至菩薩像が安置されている。
- In Chion-in Temple Kyoto, Seishi-do was established to install Seishi Bosatsu as the Honzon.
- あくまでも念仏は、報恩の為に発せられるのであって、往生の条件ではない。
- Nenbutsu is definitely recited for gratitude, not the condition of going to Heaven.
- 報恩講法要 - 10月18日、学部学科によっては休講となることがある。
- Annual Buddhist Service for Dedicating Gratitude to Priest Shinran-October 18th is when lectures of some Faculties and Departments are off.
- 上野恩賜公園など一部の名所では夜桜のためにぼんぼりを仮設することがある。
- Some famous spots such as Ueno Onshi Park temporarily display paper lanterns for yozakura (night viewing of cherry blossom).
- 大序仙洞御所の段 義経に後白河法皇から、合戦の恩賞に初音の鼓が下される。
- Daijo (prologue) section of Sento Imperial PalaceCloistered Emperor Goshirakawa gives a Hatsune no tsuzumi to Yoshitsune, as reward grants of the battle.
- 三時知恩寺(さんじちおんじ)は、京都市上京区にある浄土宗の寺院(尼寺)。
- Sanji Chion-ji Temple, located in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City, is a temple (nunnery) of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- その後上洛して知恩院に住し、円山応挙に師事して写実的画風の感化を受けた。
- Meanwhile, he went to Kyoto to live in Chionin Temple, and was inspired by Okyo MARUYAMA about his realistic painting style as his teacher.
- 奥州に帰郷して首尾良く父の仇敵を討つと再び禅門に入り、名を慈恩と改めた。
- After he went back to his hometown, Oshu Province, and successfully avenged his father's death, he entered Zen Buddhism again and changed his name to Jion.
- これに心を打たれた平清盛は、高倉天皇の中宮平徳子の安産祈願の恩赦を行う。
- Impressed by this act, TAIRA no Kiyomori granted a pardon to pray for a smooth delivery for Taira no Tokuko, the empress of Emperor Takakura.
- そうした恩賞のあり方は南北朝時代や室町時代を通じて、基本的に踏襲された。
- Such a practice of rewards essentially continued into the period of the Northern and Southern Courts and the Muromachi period.
- こうした主従関係を結びつける契機となったのが、御恩と奉公の関係性である。
- A factor that enabled connecting a master with his servants in such a situation was the relationship between goon and hoko.
- 知恩院三門、東本願寺御影堂門とともに、京都三大門の一つに数えられている。
- It is considered one of the three great gates of Kyoto along with the Sam-mon Gate of Chion-in Temple and Mieido-mon Gate of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple.
- 『小柴垣草紙』(一名『野々宮絵巻』)住吉慶恩筆といい、あるいは信実筆という
- Keion SUMIYOAHI or Nobuzane 'Koshibagaki-zoshi'(lit. small brushwood fence books) (another title 'Nonomiya-emaki')
- JR京都駅から市バスD2乗り場 206番バス 「知恩院前」下車、徒歩すぐ。
- A short walk from the 'Chionin-mae' bus stop, by Number 206 bus from City bus D2 platform at JR Kyoto Station.
- 1234年(文暦元年)知恩院を再興する一方で、百万遍知恩寺の基礎を築いた。
- While he revived Chion-in Temple in 1234, he established the basis of Hyakumanben Chion-ji Temple.
- 御家人には軍忠状を提出して軍功と引き換えに恩賞を請求する権利が与えられた。
- Gokenin (shogunal retainers) were given rights to claim rewards for their meritorious performance in battle by submitting service citations.
- 参戦した隊士達には原田左之助の20両を筆頭に、会津藩から恩賞が与えられた。
- The members in the battle were given reward grants from the Aizu Clan, including Sanosuke HARADA who was given 20 ryo (current unit).
- 平安時代中期~後期から武士層に「御恩と奉公」の関係が徐々に形成されていた。
- The relationships of 'goon and hoko' had been formed gradually among samurai class during the middle to the latter half era of the Heian period.
- また各派ともに、宗祖親鸞聖人の忌日に、「報恩講」と呼ばれる法会を厳修する。
- Each sect holds a memorial service called 'Ho-onko' on the anniversary of the death of the founder Shinran Sho'nin.
- 議論の多くの個所で、アドルノ、ホルクハイマーらの美学論に恩恵を受けている。
- My argument is indebted in a number of places to the aesthetic theories of Adorno, Horkheimer and others.
- 金戒光明寺は徳川初期に同じ浄土宗の知恩院とともに城郭構造に改められていた。
- In the early years of Tokugawa regime, the structure of Komyo-ji Temple was renovated to a castle-style along with Chion-in Temple which also belonged to Jodo Sect.
- 清盛の俊寛に対する怨みは深く、それゆえ俊寛だけが恩赦を受けられなかったのだ。
- Kiyomori's anger was deep, and therefore, Kiyomori didn't grant Shunkan amnesty.
- 左大臣公直・左大臣公行父子が養親となり貞成は終生その養育の恩を忘れなかった。
- Sadaijin (the Minister of the left), Kinnao and his father, Sadaijin, Kinyuki became his foster parent, Sadafusa remembered his parent's kindness for the rest of his life.
- 彼が居住した知恩寺の別名「百万遍」はその時の褒賞として授けられた寺号である。
- The jigo (temple name) called 'Hyakumanben,' which is a byname of Chion-ji Temple where he lived, is the title given to a Buddhist temple, as an award at that time.
- 幕府はその惣領と御恩・奉公による主従関係を結び、間接的には庶子をも支配した。
- The soryo made a master and servant relationship with bakufu through favor and service, and indirectly ruled over illegitimate children.
- これに伴い、関東の狭い「苗字の地」から新恩の広い地方へ移り住む例が多くなる。
- As a result, many clans relocated from their cramped family lands in Kanto to the more spacious lands they had been newly awarded.
- 主にささぐべき酬恩祭の犠牲のおきては次のとおりである。 (レビ記 7:11)
- ''This is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which one shall offer to Yahweh. (Leviticus 7:11)
- 伊達政宗は関ヶ原の戦いで徳川家康に味方し、その恩賞として62万石に加増された。
- In the Battle of Sekigahara, Masamune DATE took the side of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and was awarded additional lands to 620,000 goku (172,360 cubic meters) for his war service.
- 4月5日に恩赦で懲役に減刑されるが、文子は特赦状を刑務所長の面前で破り捨てた。
- Although their death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment under an amnesty on April 5, Fumiko tore up the pardon order in front of a warden.
- しかし、いずれも新政府側から他の諸藩と同格とは見なされず恩恵を得られなかった。
- However, they were not equally treated as some other domains, and did not receive any privilege.
- そして、鎮圧した武士たちが、勲功をもとに満足のいく恩賞を獲得することとなった。
- The samurai who suppressed the rebels were rewarded sufficiently based on their achievements.
- その後、御恩と奉公は明治維新まで続く武家社会の基本的な成立要素として機能した。
- Thereafter, goon and hoko functioned as a basic factor constituting samurai society that continued until the Meiji Restoration.
- 恩赦状を本人に交付した者は、速やかにその旨を法務大臣に報告しなければならない。
- The person who has delivered the certificate of pardon to the person in question shall promptly report as such to the Minister of Justice.
- 信長は慈恩寺の旧地に一寺を開き、明感を開山として浄土宗に改め浄厳院と名乗った。
- Nobunaga opened a temple at the remains of Jion-ji Temple with Meikan as its founder and named the temple Jogon-in Temple after it converted to the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 祟りを恐れた村人たちが母恩寺の住職に告げ、ねんごろに弔って土に埋めて塚を建てた。
- Villagers around the area feared the vengeance of the Nue, notified the head priest of Boon-ji Temple of it, buried the corpse, mourning over the death of the Nue by building a Nue-zuka mound.
- この頃、早稲の穂が実るので、農民の間で初穂を恩人などに贈る風習が古くからあった。
- There had been an old custom of presenting hatsuho (the first crops) to their benefactors around that time when ears of early-ripening rice plants become ripe.
- 百万遍知恩寺(ひゃくまんべんちおんじ)は、京都市左京区にある浄土宗大本山の寺院。
- Hyakumanben Chion-ji Temple, located in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, is the Grand Head Temple of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 同年、『決智鈔』、『法華問答』、『報恩記』、『至道抄』、『選択註解抄』を著わす。
- In the same year, he wrote 'Kecchi sho,' 'Hokke mondo,' 'Hoonki,' 'Shido sho' and 'Senjaku-chugesho' (Commentary on Senjaku).
- 巨椋池は多様な動植物の生息地として、豊かな環境を育み多くの人に恩恵を与えてきた。
- As a habitat to various plants and animals, Ogura-ike Pond has been providing a rich environment being beneficial to people.
- その時の恩賞として征夷大将軍から内藤の姓を許され、内藤宗勝と改名したようである。
- The Shogun granted him the family name 'Naito' was a reward for his achievement, and it seems that he changed his name to Munekatsu NAITO.
- 幼少時の称号を隆宮といい嘉永5年(1852年)に出家し知恩院門跡となり尊秀と号す。
- His title in childhood was Takanomiya and, in 1852, he became a priest and monzeki (successor of a temple) of Chion-in Temple, taking a second name, Sonshu.
- 兄:有栖川宮韶仁親王・梶井宮承眞法親王・輪王寺宮舜仁入道親王・知恩院宮尊超入道親王
- Her older brothers were Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Tsunahito, Cloistered Imperial Prince Kajiinomiya 承眞, priestly Imperial Prince Rinojinomiya Shunnin, priestly Imperial Prince Chioninnomiya Soncho.
- 生母青綺門院の仮御所となった知恩院との間に幕府が廊下を設けて通行の便を図っている。
- The government built a corridor between the Chion in Temple, the temporary Palace of her mother, Seikimon in, and the Awata Palace.
- はじめ、院号を恩光院、法名を琢性、諱を克海と名乗り、福井別院本瑞寺の住職を務めた。
- At first, he used the Ingo of Onkoin (恩光院), the homyo (a name given to a person who enters the Buddhist priesthood) of Takusho (琢性) and the imina of Katsumi (克海), and was put in charge of the chief priest of the Fukui Betsuin (quasi Grand Head Temple) Honzui-ji Temple.
- しかし、久光は薩軍に荷担することはしないが、旧主の恩顧を以てしても効がないとした。
- Hisamatsu answered, however, that he would not support the Satsuma army, but even a favor of the former lord would not be effective any longer.
- 彼らはその代償たる御恩として、地頭に補任され、所領の支配権が鎌倉幕府に保証された。
- As benefits of the position, they were designated as Jito and the authority of their lands was guaranteed.
- ここで、主人が従者へ与えた利益を御恩といい、従者が主人へ与えた利益を奉公といった。
- Here, the benefits a master gave his servant was called goon, and the benefits given by his servant to the master hoko.
- このことから、真宗の教えを漢字8字であらわすと、「信心正因 称名報恩」と言われる。
- Through this, the doctrine of Shinshu is called 'Shinjin Shoin, Shomyo Ho-on' (Faith makes it happen, and praying is for gratitude).
- 現在でも親鸞への報恩感謝の為、祥月命日には「報恩講」と呼ばれる法要が営まれている。
- The ritual called 'Ho-onko' for expressing the feeling of gratitude to Shinran takes place on the date of his death annually.
- 小説家や詩人といった物書きは、科学の進歩の恩恵をあまりうけていないように思われる。
- Writers such as novelists and poets don't seem to benefit much from the advance of science.
- 降伏した蝦夷の恩荷を山本郡・津軽郡二郡の郡領に定め、有馬浜で渡島国の蝦夷を饗応する。
- Appointed OGA of Ezo, who had surrendered, to the position of Gunryo (district magistrate) of two counties – Yamamoto and Tsugaru – and entertained the Ezo people of Oshima Province at Arima beach.
- 明治維新後還俗して、知恩院の山号・華頂山にちなんで華頂宮の宮号を賜り一家を創設した。
- After Meiji Restoration, he returned to secular life, was given Miyago (reigning name) of Kachonomiya named after Kacho-san which was the Sango (Temple's title) of Chion-in Temple, and established a family.
- 「今後其の恩に報いる者は、弥右衛門の子孫の没した日を、その始まりの日としてほしい。」
- 'We hope that anyone who wants to repay the benefit will regard the day of the descendant's death as a day of a new beginning.'
- その反面、さらなる元寇の可能性を根拠として、御家人らへの恩賞給与は僅かにとどまった。
- On the other hand, the provision of onsho to gokenin remained low due to the possibility of further Mongol invasion.
- 織田信長により家臣に対して、恩賞の一環として茶会の開催の免許や茶器の授与がなされた。
- Nobunaga ODA gave his retainers the license to hold a tea party or tea utensils as a part of the rewards.
- 代表的な訓点資料として『大慈恩寺三蔵法師伝』(興福寺本重要文化財、ほか)などがある。
- 'Daijionji Sanzo Hoshi Den' (Book of Kofuku-ji Temple, an important cultural property, etc.) is a representative reference for kunten.
- 朝廷はこれを微罪とし、翌承平7年(937年)4月に恩赦が出され、将門は東国へ帰った。
- The Imperial Court charged Masakado with a petty offendence and, in April of the following year (937), Masakado was pardoned and allowed to return to Togoku (the eastern part of Japan and particularly the Kanto region).
- 追捕官符の発布は、追捕に参加して勲功を挙げた者に対する恩賞給与を保証するものだった。
- An issuance of tsuibu kanpu assured that the persons who participated in the activities to capture criminals and realized distinguished achievements were to be rewarded.
- 「十劫正覚のはじめより、我等が往生を定めたまえる弥陀の御恩を忘れぬが信心ぞといえり。
- 'Not forgetting the kindness of Mida, who decided that we could go to Heaven long time ago, when achieving enlightenment is what faith is about.
- オーストラリア人は全体として政治システムが安定していることによる恩恵に満足している。
- Australians are, on the whole, pleased with the stabilizing benefits of their political system.
- 大坂の役で戦功のあった家康の孫・松平忠直(次男・結城秀康の子)に恩賞として与えられた。
- Tadanao MATSUDAIRA, Ieyasu's grandson (a son of Ieyasu's second son, Hideyasu YUKI), was rewarded with Hatsuhana for his distinguished military service in the Siege of Osaka.
- ただし、これらの流行の恩恵にあずかれるのは地方の富裕な町人どまりであったと考えられる。
- However, it is thought that beneficiary of these new fashions were just the rich local townsmen in the long run.
- 死の直前に雲林院を遍照に譲って天台宗の修行場して亡き父帝への謝恩の姿勢を示そうとした。
- Just before his death, he handed over Urin-in Temple to Hensho, thus showing his appreciation to his late father, as the place of the ascetic practices for the Tendai sect.
- 俊寛にだけ恩赦が与えられないのを見兼ねた平重盛が別個に俊寛にも赦免状を書いていたのだ。
- TAIRA no Shigemori, who couldn't bear to see that Shunkan had not been granted amnesty, had written another letter of amnesty for Shunkan.
- 浄土宗側―霊誉玉念・聖誉定(貞)安(西光寺)・信誉洞庫(正福寺)・知恩院助念(記録者)
- Jodoshu sect: Reiyo Gyokunen, Seiyo Teian from Saiko-ji Temple, Shinyo Doko from Shofuku-ji Temple, and Chionin Jonen (a recorder)
- それ自体が勇猛な証であると評価されたことから、武士の名を高めるほか恩賞の対象となった。
- Being that Ichiban-yari was considered proof of valor, it not only raised a soldier's reputation, but also made them eligible for Onsho (reward grants).
- しかし政局の混乱が続き、また恩賞の不公平により武士階級の支持を得ることはできなかった。
- But the political situation remained bogged down in chaos, and because of inequalities and unfairness in the giving of rewards, Godaigo was never able to gain control over the warrior class.
- 私鋳銭の製造は極めて重い罪に位置づけられ、恩赦などの対象からも外される事例も見られた。
- Production of shichusen was considered an extremely serious crime, as in some cases, the producers of shichusen were not included when pardons were granted.
- こうして恩賞を差配する地位につくことでその権力を強固なものとし、諸国の武士を支配した。
- They thus strengthened their power and ruled over the samurai in the provinces.
- 彼からの思いがけないプレゼントが届いたよ。少々は一宿一飯の恩義でも感じてくれたのかな。
- We got an unexpected present from him. I guess he felt a little obligated after what we did for him.
- 翌日、民は早く起きて、そこに祭壇を築き、燔祭と酬恩祭をささげた。 (士師記 21:4)
- It happened on the next day that the people rose early, and built there an altar, and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings. (Judges 21:4)
- 大谷姓の由来は、後述する親鸞の廟堂が京都東山知恩院北門の大谷の地に定められたことによる。
- The Otani surname comes from the fact that the Byodo Mausoleum of Shinran (as mentioned below) was settled on the land of Otani of Kitamon, the north gate of Chionin in Higashiyama, Kyoto.
- 藤孝は恩賞とし丹後一国を与えられ田辺城 (丹後国)を築き、舞鶴を拠点に丹後一国を治めた。
- Fujitaka was given the province of Tango as a reward, built Tanabe-jo Castle (Tango Province), and was headquartered in Maizuru and governed the province of Tango.
- しかし、武士の間では平氏からの恩賞給与に対する不満が多かれ少なかれ存在していたとされる。
- However, many samurai were more or less discontent with reward grants given by the Taira clan.
- 恩赦法第十条第二項による復権の上申書には、回復すべき資格の種類を明記しなければならない。
- The petition for restoration of rights prescribed in paragraph (2) of Article 10 of the Pardon Act clearly state the type of capacity to be restored.
- これは燔祭、素祭、罪祭、愆祭、任職祭、酬恩祭の犠牲のおきてである。 (レビ記 7:37)
- This is the law of the burnt offering, of the meal offering, and of the sin offering, and of the trespass offering, and of the consecration, and of the sacrifice of peace offerings; (Leviticus 7:37)
- 大正時代まで、卒業時、学科ごとに最優秀のものには天皇から銀時計恩賜の銀時計が下賜された。
- Up to the Taisho period, honor students for each course of study were awarded an Imperial prize of a silver watch.
- 内部には知恩院の造営に関わった徳川三代(徳川家康・秀忠・家光)の位牌と肖像画を安置する。
- Housed inside are the memorial tablets and portraits of the three generations of Tokugawa Shoguns (Ieyasu, Hidetada and Iemitsu) who were instrumental in the construction of Chion-in Temple.
- しかし主君の態度は「牛馬はもちろん犬も三日扶持なせばその恩を知り、尾を振ってしなだるる。」
- However Harunaga says, 'a horse or a cow understands its obligation, and even a dog snuggles up to you and wags its tail if you feed it for three days.'
- 三菱葵は徳川氏の独占であるが、知恩院は徳川家康の生母の菩提寺であるため使用が許されていた。
- Although the mitsubishi-aoi was exclusively used by the Tokugawa clan, the Chionin Temple was allowed to use it because it was a family temple of the real mother of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 親鸞は、「信心が浄土に生まれる正しい因であり、称名はその阿弥陀仏の恩に報いるため」とする。
- Shinran explained, 'Faith is the proper cause of the birth in the Pure Land, and one invokes Amida's name in order to repay the benevolence of Amida Buddha.'
- 勤行は、あくまで報恩報謝、仏徳讃嘆のためであり、「行 (仏教)」として勤めるものではない。
- Gongyo should be done absolutely for hoon hosha and buttokusantan, not for religious training.
- (研究者の間では、武功に見合うだけの恩賞を与えられている点から家長説が有力視されている。)
- (Among the researchers, the theory of Ienaga has gained an influential position because of Ienaga's receipt of reward grants in recognition of his military exploits.)
- 前者は本領安堵(ほんりょうあんど)と呼ばれ、後者は新恩給与(しんおんきゅうよ)と呼ばれた。
- The former benefit was called honryoando and the latter sinonkyuyo.
- 本願寺三世覚如が、親鸞の三十三回忌に『報恩講私記(式)』を撰述した事が起源であるとされる。
- It is said that the service originated from Hongan-ji the third, Kakunyo's compiling 'Hoon-ko Shiki' (Buddhist sutra for Hon-ko (a memorial services for Shinran)) at the thirty-third anniversary of the death of Shinran.
- 但法華経計(ばか)りこそ女人成仏、悲母の恩を報ずる実の報恩経にては候へ(千日尼御前御返事)
- Only in Hoke-kyo that women can become a Buddha, for Hoon-kyo (the Sutra on the Buddha's Repayment of his Indebtedness) which we receive their kindness from mother's love (Reply to Sennichi ama Gozen)
- 浄土宗総本山として大伽藍を擁する知恩院にあって、喧騒から隔離された祈りの空間となっている。
- It is a place of prayer isolated from the hustle and bustle of the Chion-in Temple, which has a large monastery as Pure Land sect headquarters.
- また代々、江戸上野の寛永寺や京都東山の知恩院などに次男以下の子弟を門跡として入寺させていた。
- For generations the Arisugawa no miya used to send sons of the family, except for the eldest son, to Kan-ei-ji Temple in Ueno, Edo and to Chion-in Temple in Higashiyama, Kyoto, as imperial princes in holy orders, or so-called priest-princes.
- 6歳の時山城国山崎の成恩寺の通言について童子となり、1401年東福寺に入って出家・受戒した。
- He became a doji (child acolytes of Buddhism) by a common belief at Jon-ji Temple in Yamazaki, Yamashiro Province at the age of six, and entered into priesthood and received religious precepts at Tofuku-ji Temple in 1401.
- 「名塩の地の数百戸の家ゝは、農・工・商家といえども 弥右衛門の恩恵を受けていない者はない。」
- 'There is no one who has not benefited from Yaemon irrespective of farming, industrial, or merchant families in the hundreds of houses in Najio.'
- 北条氏政は「駿河でひとかどの働きをした」という評価を得たものの、これといった恩賞はなかった。
- Ujimasa HOJO received recognition for 'some of his performance at Suruga,' but, did not receive any special reward.
- また、既存の所領で紛争を抱えていた場合には安堵状による所領保障が恩賞となりうることもあった。
- If there had been any conflict in an existing holding, a holding confirmation could have replaced a reward.
- 戦国大名も恩賞の無い雑兵たちを戦争に駆り立てるために乱取りを認め、褒美の略奪を容認していた。
- Sengoku daimyo also acknowledged randori in order to drive out zohyo to war without prize and allowed robbery as award.
- また正法弘通の恩徳を謝するため、宗祖親鸞聖人、聖徳太子、七高僧及び歴代門首の影像を安置する。
- Moreover, in order to express gratitude for the prevalence of the true dharma (正法), the pictures of Shinran, the founder of the sect, Prince Shotoku, seven high priests and successive monshus (Hongwan-ji-ha head priests) are placed.
- 高野山大伝法院で学び、奈良で三論宗・華厳・瑜伽・唯識を学んだのち、広沢流・報恩院流を学んだ。
- Raiyu studied at Daidenpo-in Temple on Mt. Koya from where he went to learn Sanron Sect teachings, Kegon Sect teachings, yoga and the Yuishiki (consciousness-only) doctrine in Nara before studying the teachings of the Hirosawa School and the Hoonin School.
- 清朝としては清側に片務的であるのは皇帝の恩恵的配慮によるものであるからだという説明がされた。
- Regarding the reason for concluding the one-sided treaty, the Qing dynasty explained that it was the favor given by the Emperor.
- 幕府と御恩と奉公の関係にある御家人・守護・地頭らがその義務の一環として負担を行ったものがある。
- There were taxes and labor borne by Gokenin, Shugo, and Jito as a part of their obligations to the bakufu because they had a relationship of favor and service with the bakufu.
- 中には竹崎季長などのように鎌倉まで赴いて直接幕府へ訴え出て、恩賞を得るといったケースもあった。
- Some vassals, like Suenaga TAKEZAKI, even went to Kamakura to make a direct appeal to bakufu to obtain a reward.
- 御恩と奉公(ごおんとほうこう)とは、中世日本において、主に武士の主従関係を構成した要素・概念。
- Goon and hoko indicate factors and concepts that constituted master-servant relationships among samurai during medieval Japan.
- 御恩の具体的な内容は、主人が従者の所領支配を保障すること、又は新たな土地給与を行うことである。
- Specifically, goon indicated that a master guaranteed control of an area by his servant or that a master awarded an area newly to his servant.
- 2005年3月21日の京都・東山花灯路にて、知恩院・三門を舞台にして「京宴」の初披露が行われた。
- On March 21, 2005, 'Kyoen' was first performed at Chion-in Temple's Sanmon Gate during the Kyoto Higashiyama Hanatoro lantern festival.
- 二人の争いをお梶が止めに入り、徳兵衛はお梶が以前、自身の難儀を救ってくれた恩人とわかり謝罪する。
- Okaji intervened to stop the two men from fighting, and Tokube apologized because he recognized that she had been saved from his own ordeal before.
- また声が出せない者も、「称名」はできないが、助行はおこなえ、報恩報謝、仏徳讃嘆することができる。
- Also, people who cannot speak cannot conduct 'Shomyo' (Invocation of the Buddha's Name), but they can conduct jogyo, thanking Buddha and his virtue.
- これにより、多くの御家人が西国に恩賞を得、東国に偏重していた幕府の支配が西国にも及ぶようになる。
- Many gokenin were awarded land in western Japan for their service putting down the rebellion, and thereby the bakufu extended their control beyond the eastern provinces, where their power had been concentrated, into the western provinces as well.
- 本山で営まれる法要は、御正忌報恩講と呼ばれ、祥月命日を結願(最終日)として一週間に渡り営まれる。
- The service conducted at the head temple is called Goshoki Hoon-ko and it is conducted for a week, with Shinran's death day being Kechigan (the last day).
- 最澄はこのような空海からの借用の恩恵に報いるため、空海を和気真綱に紹介して神護寺の入住を斡旋した。
- Saicho, who wanted to reciprocate Kukai's favor, introduced Kukai to WAKE no Matsuna and asked Jingo-ji Temple to accept Kukai.
- 1832年の尚育王の謝恩使の一行が、江戸の芝白金の島津邸で行った奏楽と舞踊、演劇の様子を描いた絵巻。
- The letters of gratitude sent by King Sho Iku in 1832 include a scroll depicting a musical performance, dance and play held at the Shimazu mansion in Shiba-Shirokane in Edo.
- 京都の千本釈迦堂(大報恩寺)には本堂を建てた大工の棟梁を助けたうえ命を絶った妻のおかめの伝説がある。
- There is a folktale at Senbon Shaka-do temple (formal name is Daihoon-ji Temple) that Okame, a wife of a master carpenter who built the main hall of the temple, helped her husband but after that she killed herself to save her husband's honor.
- 延文4年(1359年)には、存覚に歎徳文の再編を依頼、それ移行、報恩講で読まれることになったという。
- In 1359, he asked Zonkaku to reorganize Tandokumon (In Praise of the Virtue (of the Venerable Master Shinran)), and since then it has been said that it was decided to be read at Hoon-ko (a memorial service for Shinran).
- また浄土真宗では信心のみを重視し、信じるだけで往生は約束される、念仏は仏恩報謝の行である、と説いた。
- In addition, the Jodo-shin sect emphasized only faith and taught that if a person believed it, his Ojo would be promised and that nenbutsu was the practice of the gratitude for butsuon (the graces of Buddha).
- 大王と王恩、四尺と一釜、十握と三寸などの前後を対応照応させて、漢文の本来の手法を巧みに利用している。
- It uses a traditional technique of Chinese effectively and makes contrasts between okimi and oon, four shaku and one pod, totsuka and three sun (a sun = 3.03 cm).
- 戦国時代 (日本)における落武者は、首に対する恩賞や所持品を狙う農民による落武者狩りの対象とされた。
- During the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States), ochimusha were hunted by farmers who sought their belongings or reward in exchange for their head.
- 上申をした者は、仮釈放中の者に恩赦状を交付したときは、その旨を刑事施設の長に通知しなければならない。
- The person who submitted the petition shall, when he/she has delivered the certificate of pardon to a person under parole, notify the warden of the penal institution concerned to that effect.
- 恩赦法(昭和二十二年法律第二十号)第十二条に規定する審査会の申出は、法務大臣に対してするものとする。
- The recommendation by the Commission specified in Article 12 of the Pardon Act (Act No. 20 of 1947) shall be made to the Minister of Justice.
- 法性坊は雷神にむかい「道真よ、そなたは昨日までは天皇の恩を蒙った臣下ではないか。静まりなされ」と言う。
- Hossho-bo says to Raijin 'You, Michizane, was a vassal who received the obligation from the Emperor until yesterday, wasn't you? Be calm.'
- また、このような活動が皇太后の真意に関わらず「皇恩」「仁慈」として、その後も政治利用された側面もある。
- Furthermore, without consideration of the Empress Teimei intentions, the Japanese government justified these types of activities (putting patients in quarantine) and continued to politically utilize her name as the 'Kouon (Emperor's kindness)'and 'Jinji (Emperor's benevolence).'
- 浄土真宗における「永代経」は、故人の祥月命日や、春・秋の彼岸会に行われる先祖に対する報恩の読経である。
- Eitai-kyo' in Jodo Shinshu Sect is sutra reciting which is conducted on shotsuki-meinichi (the anniversaries of one's death after the first anniversary) and at Higan-e in spring and autumn and its purpose is to thank the ancestors.
- 地租改正は全ての土地に課税されるものとし、以前に認められていた恩賞や寺社領などに対する免税を否認した。
- Land-tax reform levied all the lands and denied Onsho (reward grants) or tax exemption for territories of temples and shrines, which had been approved before.
- なぜなら、中世期の主従関係は主君と郎党間の契約関係であり、「御恩と奉公」とする観念があったためである。
- This is because the relationship between lord and vassal in the medieval period was a contractual relationship having a conception of 'favour and service'.
- しかしながら、本格的に「御恩と奉公」が成立したのは、源頼朝が関東武士の盟主=鎌倉殿となってからである。
- However, it was after MINAMOTO no Yoritomo became the leader of the samurai in the Kanto area, or Kamakura-dono (lord of Kamakura), that the relationships of 'goon and hoko' were firmly established.
- 智恩寺 (宮津市)(京都府宮津市)・大聖寺 (高畠町)(山形県高畠町)とともに日本三文殊に数えられる。
- Along with Chion-ji Temple (Miyatsu City, Kyoto Prefecture) and Daisho-ji Temple (Takahata-machi, Yamagata Prefecture), it composes the Three Monju in Japan.
- それだけに、恩師に対する「礼」は深く、先生を敬う等儒教文化が良い意味で深く浸透しているという意見もある。
- Thus, they have a strong sense of 'politeness' towards former teachers, and some say that the Ju-kyo culture of respecting teachers, etc. is deeply rooted in good sense.
- 大谷道場の御堂は、知恩院造営に先立って1600年(慶長5年)に教如の命によって祐誓が四条富小路に移した。
- Yusei moved the mi-do Hall (enshrinement hall) of Otani Dojo to Shijo Tomi-koji Street by orders of Kyonyo in 1600 prior to extending the buildings in Chion-in Temple.
- 称念寺 (京都市)(京都市上京区)は飼い猫が恩返しに寺の復興を助けたという伝説から猫寺の通称で呼ばれる。
- Shonen-ji Temple (Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City) is commonly called Neko-dera, because of the legend that a cat helped to restore the temple to express its gratitude.
- 建久3年右大将として上洛するさい、白明の子をよびだして恩に報い、また毎年アユすしを鎌倉に送るよう命じた。
- When he went to Kyoto as Udaisho (as full general) in 1192, he called a child of Hakumyo to repay an old kindness and ordered him to send ayu sushi to Kamaukura every year.
- 鎌倉殿と御家人の主従関係は、御恩と奉公と呼ばれる互恵関係によって保持された、この制度を御家人制度と呼ぶ。
- The master-servant relationship between the Kamakura-dono and gokenin was preserved by a reciprocal relationship called 'favor and service,' a system known as the lower-ranking vassal system.
- 武士にとっての恩賞とは、家門の反映や永続、地位や勢力の維持を図る上で非常に切実な問題であったからである。
- For the warriors, rewards were of utmost significance in keeping up their family honors and permanence, in maintaining their political status and power.
- 主人・従者の両者は、御恩と奉公という互恵関係を結ぶことで、一定の共同体(武士団)を作っていったのである。
- A master and his servants formed a certain union (samurai group) by establishing mutually beneficial relationships called goon and hoko.
- また、玄奘の弟子である慈恩大師基 (僧)の『般若波羅蜜多心経幽讃』にもその旨を示唆するような記述がある。
- Additionally, in 'Hannya Haramitashin-gyo Sutra Yusan,' written by Jion Daishi Ki, a disciple of Genjo, there is a description to indicate that theory.
- このため豊臣氏滅亡後、幕府から嫌疑を掛けられてしまうが、松花堂昭乗、九条家のとりなしによって恩赦を受けた。
- As a result, he was suspected by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) of rebellion after the fall of the TOYOTOMI family, however, pardoned through the mediation of Shojo SHOKADO and the Kujo family.
- 子虫は長屋王に恩遇されていた人物の一人で、囲碁のときに話が王のことに及んだため憤激して殺したとなっている。
- It is said that Komushi was one of the persons treated very well by Prince Nagaya and when Nagatomi no miyako no azumabito spoke ill of Prince Nagaya in a game of Igo (board game of capturing territory), Komushi got angry and killed him.
- 王子女に京極宮公仁親王の他、知恩院宮尊峰入道親王、一乗院宮尊映入道親王、豊子女王(有馬頼僮室)などがいる。
- His Princes and Proncesses are Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Kinhito, priestly Imperial Prince Chioninnomiya Sonpo, priestly Imperial Prince Ichijoinnomiya Sonei, Princess Toyoko (Yoriyuki ARIMA's Empress).
- 下総国横曾根(現在茨城県常総市)に報恩寺を建立し、横曾根・飯沼を中心とする横曾根門徒の中心的人物となった。
- He built Hoon-ji Temple in Yokozone of the Shimosa Province (the present Joso City, Ibaraki Prefecture) and became a leading figure of the Yokozone monto (followers in Yokozone) centering around Yokozone and Iinuma.
- 「三十年来一夢中 捨レ身取レ義夢尚同 双親臥レ病故郷在 取レ義捨レ恩夢共空」(「レ」は漢詩文訓読の返り点)
- I have been following my dream for thirty years, so dedicating myself to honor is exactly what I have been dreaming of, but as my parents are ill and bedridden, it would be vain to neglect my debt of gratitude and grasp at my dream.'
- 慶長19年(1614年)10月2日 (旧暦)、豊臣家では旧恩ある大名や浪人に檄を飛ばし戦争準備に着手した。
- On October 2 (the old calendar), 1614, the Toyotomi family began to prepare for war, sending out circulars to daimyo and ronin who had been favored by the Toyotomi family.
- 主となった者に武芸や律令知識などの家業とする専門技能で奉仕し(奉公)、代わりに官職等の利益(御恩)を得た。
- They served a master with a special skill of family businesses, such as military arts and knowledge of the Ritsuryo codes, (service) and gained benefit, such as a government post, in exchange (favor).
- また「列子」には「正旦に生を放ちて、恩あるを示す」とあることから、寺院で行なわれる放生会の基となっている。
- In addition, the passage 'Release life on lunar New Year's Day to show your gratitude' in 'Liezi' (Taoism book) is the basis of conducting Hojoe at Buddhist temples.
- その後、建久3年右大将として上洛する際に、白明の子を呼び出して恩に報い、また毎年鮎鮨を鎌倉に送るよう命じた。
- When he went to Kyoto in 1192 as Udaisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards), he called a child of Hakumyo, expressed his gratitude and ordered to send ayzushi to Kamakura every year.
- 後漢時代にはすでに恩給と変わらないものとなっており、それも形骸化して、爵位だけを授ける封爵制として存続した。
- In the Later Han period, it virtually became a pension system, turning into a formality, and continued as a system to grant peerage.
- しかしこの戦いで日本側が物質的に得たものは無く、見返りとしての恩賞は御家人たちの満足のいくものではなかった。
- However, Japan gained nothing materially out of this war, and the rewards granted to vassals did not satisfy them.
- この際、清の冊封の象徴であった「迎恩門」や「恥辱碑」といわれる大清皇帝功徳碑を倒し「独立門」を記念に建てた。
- At this time 'Yeongeunmun' and the Samjeondo Monument that is dubbed as 'disgrace gate' were destroyed and 'Independence Gate' was errected to celebrate its independence.
- 以降、御恩と奉公の関係性は、鎌倉幕府の成立基盤として機能し続け、その後の室町幕府や江戸幕府にも引き継がれた。
- After that, the relationships of 'goon and hoko' continued functioning as a base for establishing the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and were inherited by the later Muromachi bakufu and Edo bakufu as well.
- 作例としては、奈良の法隆寺金堂、京都の蟹満寺の銅像、奈良の室生寺金堂、京都の大報恩寺の木像などが著名である。
- For example, the bronze statues at Horyu-ji Temple Kondo in Nara and at Kaniman-ji Temple in Kyoto are famous, as are the wooden figures of Muroo-ji Temple Kondo in Nara and Daihoon-ji Temple in Kyoto.
- 毎月第2日曜 日蓮大聖人御報恩御講(大石寺大坊では13日のみ、一部の寺院では命日にあたる13日にも行われる)
- The second Sunday of each month: Nichiren Daihonin Gohon Oko (Buddhist ceremony held only on 13th at Daibo in Taiseki-ji Temple, and held on every second Sunday and 13th of each month at some temples, the anniversary of Nichiren's death)
- アロンは民にむかって手をあげて、彼らを祝福し、罪祭、燔祭、酬恩祭をささげ終って降りた。 (レビ記 9:22)
- Aaron lifted up his hands toward the people, and blessed them; and he came down from offering the sin offering, and the burnt offering, and the peace offerings. (Leviticus 9:22)
- 農夫が杖で殺そうとすると雷神は命乞いをし、助けれくれれば恩返しとして、雷神のように力強い子供を授けると言った。
- When the farmer tried to kill it with his cane, Raijin begged for its life and said that if the farmer saved it, it would return a favor by ensuring that the farmer begets a child as strong as Raijin.
- 特に千葉常胤にとっては、源義朝は「御恩」を感じるような相手ではないことは相馬御厨での経緯を見れば明らかである。
- It is obvious from the history of Soma-mikuriya that especially for Tsunetane CHIBA, MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo was not someone he felt 'obligated to.'
- 『江次第抄』によれば、初め再拝するのは詔命を欽ぶ意で、後に舞踏するのは恩恵にあずかるのをよろこぶ意であるという。
- According to 'Goshidaisho' (a commentary book written by Kanera ICHIJO on 'Koke Shidai,' which is a classic rule book about ceremonial and public functions), bowing twice in the beginning indicates respect for the Imperial edict, and the following dance expresses joy for receiving a favor.
- 一世家元 六字庵理貫(ろくじあんりかん)青柳貫孝(かんこう:京都知恩院僧正)上人(1894年 - 1983年)。
- The first head of the school was a Buddhist priest, Rokujian Rikan Kanko AOYAGI whose title was Chionin Temple sojo which means high-ranking priest of Chionin Temple (1894-1983).
- 元禄年間(1688年~1704年)には100ヶ寺を超える末寺を有したが、派内での争いにより知恩院の管理となった。
- Though the school had more than 100 branch temples in the Genroku years (1688 - 1704), Isshin-in came under the control of Chion-in as a result of conflicts within the school.
- 念阿弥 慈恩(ねんなみ じおん、? - 没年不詳)は日本の南北朝時代 (日本)から室町時代にかけての剣客、禅僧。
- Jion NENNAMI (dates of birth and death unknown) was a swordsman and Zen monk in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) and the Muromachi period.
- 祖父である親鸞の祥月忌(報恩講が営まれ始めたのは永仁2年〈1294年〉頃より)には上洛し、覚如に宗義を伝授した。
- While Hoon-ko (a memorial service for his grandfather Shinran) began around 1294, Nyoshin made a trip to Kyoto in each anniversary month of Shinran's death, and initiated Kakunyo into the doctrine of the Jodo Shinshu school (the Pure True Land Buddhism.)
- 鎌倉幕府の成立によって御恩と奉公からなる封建制が成立したとする説で、戦前以来、ほとんどの概説書で採用されていた。
- One view is that the Go-on (obligation) and Hoko (duty) -based Hoken system was completed with the establishment of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and this view has been adopted in most introductory books since prewar periods.
- また酬恩祭の犠牲をささげて、その所で食べ、あなたの神、主の前で喜び楽しまなければならない。 (申命記 27:7)
- and you shall sacrifice peace offerings, and shall eat there; and you shall rejoice before Yahweh your God. (Deuteronomy 27:7)
- あなたがたの酬恩祭の犠牲のうちから、その右のももを挙祭として、祭司に与えなければならない。 (レビ記 7:32)
- The right thigh you shall give to the priest for a heave offering out of the sacrifices of your peace offerings. (Leviticus 7:32)
- 奈良の報恩法師の弟子となり、778年(宝亀9年)京都東山にある多くの峰のうちの一つ乙輪山(音羽山)に移ったという。
- It is said that he became a disciple of Hoon-hoshi of Nara, and in 778 he moved to Mt. Otowa, one of many peaks at Higashiyama, Kyoto.
- 知恩院の貫主に懇願されて、1774年(安永3年)伊勢国宇治山田(現在・三重県伊勢市)の寂照寺を再興するために入山。
- At the sincere request of the chief priest of Chionin Temple, he entered the mountains in order to reconstruct Josho-ji Temple in Uji Yamada, Ise Province (present-day, Ise City, Mie Prefecture) in 1774.
- 応仁の乱(1467年-1477年)で荒廃した知恩院を再興し、後柏原天皇から浄土宗総本寺と公称することを勅許された。
- He reconstructed Chion-in Temple which had been devastated during the Onin War, and was permitted by the Emperor Gokashiwabara to call it the Grand Head Temple of the Jodo Sect.
- 本沢竹雲は、天保7年2月10日(1836年3月26日)、長谷堂(山形市)の西養寺住職安達秀恩の末子として生まれた。
- Chikuun MOTOSAWA was born the youngest son of Shuon ADACHI, the chief priest of Saiyo-ji Temple in Hasedo (the present Yamagata City) in March 26, 1836.
- 父の久政や家臣たちが「大恩ある朝倉を見捨てるべからず」と主張し、信長との同盟を破棄して朝倉氏を助けるように迫った。
- His father, Hisamasa, and his retainers insisted that 'the family should not cut off the Asakura clan which had been a great benefactor to the family,' urging Nagamasa to annul the alliance with Nobunaga and help the Asakura clan.
- 元寇で恩賞地配分の対象とされたため細分化され、南北朝時代 (日本)には名前だけを残して荘園としての実態は失われた。
- Kanzaki Manor was divided up to provide land plots which were granted as rewards during the Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, and by the Northern and Southern Courts period had lost all status as a manor - existing in name only.
- 更に前後して戊辰戦争の恩賞である賞典禄について定めることで倒幕に賛同した藩主や藩士を宥めて不満を逸らしたのである。
- Moreover, around this time, dissatisfaction by the lords of the domains and feudal retainers of the domains, who agreed to overthrow the Shogunate with the setting of Shotenroku (premium), reward grants of the Boshin War, were conciliated.
- 秀頼の上洛を求める家康に対し反対もあったが、加藤清正や浅野幸長ら豊臣家恩顧の大名らの取り成しもあり会見は実現する。
- Although some objected to Ieyasu's demand, the meeting was realized through mediation of daimyo that had been favored by the Toyotomi Family including Kiyomasa KATO, Yoshinaga ASANO and others.
- 忠文は大納言藤原実頼の反対により恩賞の対象から外されたので、忠文は実頼を深く恨み、死後も実頼の子孫に祟ったという。
- Since Tadabumi was removed from the list of rewards granted due to opposition from Dainagon (chief councilor of state) FUJIWARA no Saneyori, he held a deep grudge against Saneyori and haunted Saneyori's descendants after Tadabumi's death.
- 日付をずらす理由は、すべての僧侶・門徒は御正忌報恩講期間中に上山する(本山に参拝する)のが、慣わしとされる為である。
- The reason why they change the dates for the service is that it is a custom for every priest and believer to visit the head temple during Goshoki Hoon-ko.
- 木像・絵像・名号に関わらず、無色無形の阿弥陀仏のはたらき(真如)の方便として本尊を安置し、報恩報謝のために礼拝する。
- No matter whether it is a wooden statue, a picture or myogo, as a hoben (expediency) for the power of Amida Nyorai, which has no color or shape, Honzon is enshrined and being prayed in appreciation of Amida Nyorai's virtue.
- 開港開市の規定などについては、英仏などの欧米列強は既に最恵国待遇を得ていたので、日本も同じ恩恵に預かることが出来た。
- Regarding opening ports and cities, Japan was able to receive the benefits from most-favored-nation treatment, which the western powers including England and France had already acquired.
- 毎年、12月9日・12月10日の両日は、鳴滝本町の、通称・大根焚寺として知られる了徳寺の大根焚き(報恩講)で賑わう。
- The Ryotoku-ji Temple with the alias of Daikondaki-dera Temple (Burning Radish Temple) carries out rite of Daikondaki (burning Japanese radish) for Hon-ko (a memorial services for Shinran) on both December 9 and 10 every year.
- これらの没収領は畿内・西国を中心に3000箇所にのぼり、御家人たちは恩賞として没収領の地頭に任命された(新補地頭)。
- The number of these confiscated lands was up to 3000, centering on the Kinai and Saigoku (western part of Japan (esp. Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki)) regions, and the gokenins were appointed to the jitos of the confiscated lands as onsho (reward grants) (Shinpo-Jito, new estate steward for territories confiscated from the imperial court).
- また雄やぎ一頭を罪祭としてささげ、一歳の小羊二頭を酬恩祭の犠牲としてささげなければならない。 (レビ記 23:19)
- You shall offer one male goat for a sin offering, and two male lambs a year old for a sacrifice of peace offerings. (Leviticus 23:19)
- 不遇を囲った源為義の子で東国に下っていた源義朝は、保元の乱において、河内源氏恩顧の関東の武士を糾合して天皇方に立った。
- MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, who lived in the east and was the son of MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, who lived in unfortunate circumstances, gathered samurai from the Kanto region who received Kawachi-Genji's special favors, and supported the Emperor in the Hogen Disturbance.
- しかし細川方の副使宋素卿(そうそけい)は明の入港管理所である市舶司大監の頼恩に賄賂を贈り、細川方を先に入港検査させた。
- But the Hosokawa side's vice-envoy Sokei SO offered a bribe to Laien who was Shihakushi-daikan (inspector of the Office of Merchant Ships) at the port authority of Ming China, and Laien allowed the Hosokawa ship to go through port inspection before the Ouchi ship.
- 恩赦法第十四条の規定により判決の原本に付記をなすべき検察官は、有罪の言渡しをした裁判所に対応する検察庁の検察官とする。
- The public prosecutor who is to insert added entries in the original of the judgment pursuant to the provisions of Article 14 of the Pardon Act shall be a public prosecutor of the public prosecutors office corresponding to the court which rendered the judgment of conviction.
- 皇帝が尋ねると、科挙に失敗したため自殺したが、玄宗皇帝に手厚く葬られたため恩義に報いてはせ参じた鍾馗という人物だった。
- When the emperor asked the general about his identity, the general replied that he was a person named Shoki who failed the imperial civil service examination and committed suicide, but revived to reciprocate the favor of the emperor who kindly buried the dead reverently.
- 1951年からは受賞者が増えたこともあって、その中で特に選ばれたものに『恩賜賞 (日本芸術院)』が贈られるようになった。
- Since 1951, due in part to the increased number of winners, the Academy added the new award 'Onshi Sho' (Emperor's Prize) (Japan Art Academy) to present to the most outstanding among the winners.
- 鎌倉幕府の基本的な主従制構造は、武家の棟梁である鎌倉殿(≒征夷大将軍)と御家人との御恩と奉公の関係により成り立っていた。
- The fundamental lord and vassal structure of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was formed through obligation performed by Kamakura-dono (lord of Kamakura) who was a toryo (head of samurai clan) corresponding to seii taishogun to gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate during the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods), and service performed by gokenin to Kamakura-dono.
- 応永6年(1399年)12月伏見殿に移るが、応永8年(1401年)伏見殿が火事で焼け落ち、嵯峨 (京都市)洪恩院に移る。
- He then moved to Fushimi-dono Palace in December 1399, however it was burnt down (1401) and the Prince moved to Koonin in Saga (Kyoto City).
- 宸翰と断定できるのは、光定が撰した伝述一心戒文の中に「厳筆徴僧が戒牒を書し給ひ、恩勅之を賜ふ」と記されていることによる。
- The grounds for proof is Emperor Saga's shinkan, there is a description that '厳筆徴僧)が戒牒を書し給ひ,恩勅之を賜ふ' in the Denjutsu isshin kaimon which was composed by Kojo (Saicho's biography.)
- 両乱の鎮圧に挙げた国司や軍事・富豪(田堵負名)層の功績は非常に高かったが、彼らに対する恩賞は十分なものとは言えなかった。
- In suppressing these insurgencies, kokushi, military, the rich and powerful class (Tato fumyo [powerful cultivator who managed farm operations and collected tax] class) provided outstanding service which, however, was not sufficiently rewarded.
- 湖沼は内陸の水域です。湖沼に隣接して植民地を建設すれば天然資源の恩恵を受けられます。しかし船で進入することはできません。
- Lakes are inland bodies of water. Colonies built adjacently profit from the lakes natural resources, but may be inaccessible via ship.
- 酬恩祭の犠牲を主にささげるときは、あなたがたが受け入れられるように、それをささげなければならない。 (レビ記 19:5)
- ''When you offer a sacrifice of peace offerings to Yahweh, you shall offer it so that you may be accepted. (Leviticus 19:5)
- 1823年(文政6年)の2度目の火災は11月15日であったため、この年の7昼夜の御正忌報恩講は大谷祖廟において勤められた。
- Since the second fire was happened on December 16, Goshoki Hon-ko (a memorial services for Shinran held in the head temple of Jodo Shinshu sect) of this year was performed at the Otani Sobyo Mausoleum for seven days and nights.
- 大名の中で唯一、老中などの幕閣を占める前途を保証された譜代大名に対しては、所領の加増はもとより、役職の昇進も恩賞となった。
- Among daimyo, only fudai daimyo (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family), who were promised to become members of the cabinet of advisors such as roju (senior councillor), were given both additional territories and promotions as rewards.
- そして最後に「軍忠認定の証判を賜り、後日(の恩賞の)証拠としたい」といった旨の文言(文言は各文書で微妙に異なる)を記した。
- At the end the words 'I would like my superior military valor to be recognized as evidence for future (rewards)' were written, although the wording differs slightly from document to document.
- 鎌倉幕府が成立すると、鎌倉殿が御家人を地頭へ任命するという形で本領安堵・新恩給与、すなわち御恩がほどこされるようになった。
- When the Kamakura bakufu was established, the benefit of honryoando or sinonkyuyo, or that of goon, was given by Kamakura-dono to gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate) in the form that Kamakura-dono appointed them to jito (the managers and lords of manors).
- 輪王寺、妙法院、聖護院、照高院、青蓮院、三千院、曼珠院、毘沙門堂、円満院、仁和寺、大覚寺、勧修寺、知恩院の13寺院のこと。
- The thirteen temples of Rinno-ji, Myoho-in, Shogo-in, Shoko-in, Shoren-in, Sanzen-in, Manju-in, Bishamon-do, Enman-in, Ninna-ji, Daikaku-ji, Kaju-ji and Chion-in
- 報恩講とは、浄土真宗の開祖である親鸞(1173~1262) の命日の前後に、宗祖に対する報恩謝徳の為に営まれる法要のこと。
- Hoon-ko refers to a memorial service which was held around the anniversary of the death of Shinran (1173 - 1262), the founder of Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) for the purpose of Hon shatoku (repayment for indebtedness) to the founder.
- また種を入れたパンの菓子をその感謝のための酬恩祭の犠牲に合わせ、供え物としてささげなければならない。 (レビ記 7:13)
- With cakes of leavened bread he shall offer his offering with the sacrifice of his peace offerings for thanksgiving. (Leviticus 7:13)
- アロンの子たちのうち、酬恩祭の血と脂肪とをささげる者は、その右のももを自分の分として、獲るであろう。 (レビ記 7:33)
- He among the sons of Aaron who offers the blood of the peace offerings, and the fat, shall have the right thigh for a portion. (Leviticus 7:33)
- 詞書によれば、ある絵師がかたじけなくも朝恩によって伊予守にすすんだので、一家は喜び祝宴をもよおしたが、それも一朝の夢だった。
- According to Kotobagaki (captions), an Eshi painter promoted to Iyo no Kami (Governor of Iyo Province) thanks to the imperial blessing or favor; the painter's whole family was joyful and held a celebrating feast, but it was a dream that lasted only for a minute.
- 親鸞会においては現世において「他力信心」を獲ることが重要であり、念仏は救われた御恩に報いるお礼として称えるものであると説く。
- Shinrankai preaches that it is important to obtain 'Tariki Shinjin' in this world, and that Buddhist invocation is something to be chanted to repay the favor of salvation.
- 寿永・治承の内乱から奥州合戦に至るまでの恩賞給与に当たっては、関東武士らの満足が得られるものとなるよう最深の注意を傾注した。
- He paid careful attention to ensure that Kanto samurai warriors were content with the rewards they received during the period between the Jisho-Juei Civil War and the Battle of Oshu.
- その後、奥州総大将は軍事指揮権だけでなく、検断、沙汰の権限、管国内の知行安堵、恩賞などの推挙権を持つ奥州管領に格上げされる。
- Afterward, the Supreme Commander of Oshu was raised in status of the Oshu Kanrei which held not only the right of military command but also the authorities for Kendan (Policing and adjudication authority) and Sata (Order), securement of fief in the ruling provinces and the recommendation for rewards, and so on.
- 凶党追捕が完了したときは、凶党の所領・財産は没収され、追捕にあたった武士たちへ恩賞として給与されたのだろうと考えられている。
- It is considered that, after gangsters were captured, their territories and assets were confiscated and were supplied as a reward to the samurai who participated in the capturing actions.
- 近代以前の国家においては、権利は人民には有せず国家など権力を保有する者に対する功労の恩典として授けられる性質のものであった。
- In a state before the modern era, rights did not belong to the people, but they were types of favors given to those in power such as a state for their distinguished services.
- そこで人々はあくる朝早く起きて燔祭をささげ、酬恩祭を供えた。民は座して食い飲みし、立って戯れた。 (出エジプト記 32:6)
- They rose up early on the next day, and offered burnt offerings, and brought peace offerings; and the people sat down to eat and to drink, and rose up to play. (Exodus 32:6)
- そこでサウルは言った、「燔祭と酬恩祭をわたしの所に持ってきなさい」。こうして彼は燔祭をささげた。 (サムエル記上 13:9)
- Saul said, 'Bring here the burnt offering to me, and the peace offerings.' He offered the burnt offering. (1 Samuel 13:9)
- ドイツやイギリスで指導に当たった金澤弘和(松涛館流)やポルトガルで指導に当たった東恩納盛男(剛柔流)などの活躍が知られている。
- It is reported that many instructors were instrumental, such as Hirokazu KANAZAWA (Shotokan-ryu), who taught karate in Germany and England, and Morio HIGAONNA (Goju-ryu), who taught karate in Portugal.
- 団七は恩人である泉州浜田家家臣玉島兵太夫の息子磯之丞の危難を救うため、悪人大鳥佐賀右衛門の中間を誤って死なせてしまい入牢する。
- Danshichi mistakenly had a chugen (a person in low rank) belonging to a villain named Sagaemon OTORI, die to save Isonojo, the son of Hyodayu TAMASHIMA who was a vassal of the Hamada family in Senshu and his benefactor, from danger and went to prison.
- 知恩院の一部に存在しているため、同院を訪れる観光客がしばしば観光スポットと勘違いして一心院の境内に入り込んでしまうことがある。
- Because this temple is part of the premises of Chion-in, sightseers to Chion-in often mistakenly step into the precincts of Isshin-in Temple, thinking it's a sightseeing spot.
- 「御恩」には所領支配を保障する本領安堵(ほんりょうあんど)と新たな土地給与である新恩給与(しんおんきゅうよ)の2種類があった。
- Favors consisted of both honryo-ando (acknowledgment of inherited estates) and shinon-kyuyo (the granting new domains).
- 西本願寺第十二世の准如時代の1603年(慶長8年)に江戸幕府は知恩院の造営に際して、大谷本願寺跡地の代替地として現在地を与えた。
- Upon the extension of the buildings in the Chion-in Temple in 1603 during the period of the twelfth chief priest Junnyo in West Hongan-ji Temple, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) provided the site where Otani Mausoleum is located now as an alternative to the site where Otani Hongan-ji Temple had been built.
- 1601年(慶長6年)京都知恩院の住持となり、1603年(慶長8年)江戸に新知恩寺(のちの関東十八檀林の一つ幡随院)を開創した。
- He became the chief priest of Chionin Temple in Kyoto in 1601 and founded Shinchion-ji Temple in Edo in 1603, which later became Banzui-in Temple, one of the Kanto juhachi danrin (eighteen temples for studying the Jodo Sect determined by the Edo government).
- これは『盂蘭盆経』(西晋、竺法護訳)『報恩奉盆経』(東晋、失訳)などに説かれる目連尊者の餓鬼道に堕ちた亡母への供養の伝説による。
- This is based on a legendary episode included in 'Urabon-kyo' (translated by Hogo JIKU and Zhu Fahua who lived in the Western Jin era) and 'Honhobon-kyo' (translated by Shitsu in the Eastern Jin era), or on the legend where Mokuren Sonja held a memorial service for his dead mother who had to live in Gakido (the Buddhist hell of starvation).
- この時、家康の本隊や豊臣恩顧大名などの先発隊は東海道を進んだが、徳川秀忠率いる3万8000人の軍勢は中山道を進んで西に向かった。
- At this time, the main force of Ieyasu and the advance party of daimyo who were assisted by Toyotomi proceeded on Tokai-do Road, but 38,000 troops led by Hidetada TOKUGAWA went west on the Nakasen-do Road.
- また、武士社会では恩給地の永代売が禁止されていたが、武士の経済状況の救済を目的として年期売を例外的に認めていた分国法も存在する。
- And although with the advent of warrior society warriors were forbidden from permanently selling the lands from which they drew their stipends, some daimyo allowed the existence of laws within their own domains that permitted warriors to sell their land via nenki-uri under exceptional circumstances, in an attempt to provide financial relief for warriors in dire economic straits.
- また、純粋な恩賞とはいい難いが、鎌倉殿や執権が御家人に対して偏諱を与えるようになり、特に鎌倉殿の偏諱はきわめて重い栄誉とされた。
- Kamakura-dono (lord of Kamakura) and regents began to give the names (in which one character was identical to that of the givers) to gokenin, which cannot be considered pure rewards, although the names given by the shoguns were regarded as the highest honors.
- またあなたが特別の誓願の供え物、あるいは酬恩祭を、主にささげる時、若い雄牛を、燔祭または犠牲とするならば、 (民数記 15:8)
- When you prepare a bull for a burnt offering, or for a sacrifice, to accomplish a vow, or for peace offerings to Yahweh; (Numbers 15:8)
- 墓地の最上段の地には、江戸時代を通じ、宮門跡である歴代知恩院門主の墓が設けられたため、現在でもその墓域は宮内庁管理地となっている。
- Because the tombs of the head priests of Chion-in who were miya-monzeki (in this case, heads who are imperial princes) were constructed at the highest tier of the graveyard through the Edo period, the graveyard area continues to be administered by the Imperial Household Agency.
- これよりも結びつきが低い(恩給は与えず、有事の時に指揮・被指揮の関係に入る)「指南・被指南」制度を採った伊達氏や結城氏の例もある。
- The weaker relationship of 'instructor-pupil' (Onkyu was not provided for and the leader-follower relationship was formed in times of emergency), for example, was adopted by the Date clan and the Yuki clan.
- 結果、倒幕を行ったのは、関ヶ原の戦いによって徳川家におとしめられた郷士達ではなく、徳川家によって余りある恩を受けた上士達であった。
- As a result, the people who in fact conducted Tobaku were not Goshi who had been humbled by the Tokugawa family after the Battle of Sekigahara but were instead Joshi who had received overwhelmingly preferential treatment by the Tokugawa family.
- 日本における恩賞の給与は、古代以降、蝦夷征伐や謀叛の鎮圧に功労のあった武官に対して、朝廷が官位の任官または昇叙を行ったことによる。
- The practice of reward grants in Japan goes back to ancient times when the Imperial Court appointed those who rendered distinguished service in conquering Ezo or fighting rebellions as government officials or promoted them.
- 知恩院の境内は、三門や塔頭寺院のある下段、本堂(御影堂)など中心伽藍のある中段、勢至堂、法然廟などのある上段の3つに分かれている。
- The grounds of Chion-in Temple are divided into a lower section that includes the Sammon gate and sub-temples, a middle section where the central monastery such as the main hall (Miei-do) is located, and an upper section in which structures such as the Seishi Hall and Honen's tomb are situated.
- (東京では、幹部が子飼いの落語家を「真打にしてやる」ことで恩を売り、一生頭が上がらないようにするということもかつてはあったらしい。)
- (In Tokyo, it is said that an executive used to patronize a rakugoka, take care of him by 'making him shinuchi,' and kept him under his control for the rest of his life.)
- 琉球王国では、中国(明や清)から冊封使が来たとき、あるいは徳川将軍に謝恩使や慶賀使を送る「江戸上り」のとき、中国系の音楽を演奏した。
- Music with roots in China was performed in the Ryukyu kingdom when diplomatic missions arrived from China (Ming & Qing) or whenever missions of gratitude and congratulations (Edo nobori) were sent to Shogun Tokugawa.
- 別院・各末寺においては、「お取越」もしくは「お引上」と呼ばれ、御正忌報恩講とは日付を前後にずらして1~3日間、ないし5日間営まれる。
- The service is called 'Otorikoshi' or 'Ohikiage' in branch temples and it is conducted before or after Goshoki Hoon-ko for one to three days or for five days.
- 尊氏は鎌倉において、乱の鎮圧に付き従った将士に勝手に恩賞を分配したり、建武政権の上洛命令を無視したりするなど、建武政権から離反する。
- In Kamakura, Takauji gave onsho (reward grants), at his discretion, to those who followed him in the battle of suppressing the war, ignored the Kenmu Government's order to return to Kyoto and became alienated from the Kenmu government.
- イスラエルの人々のうちの若者たちをつかわして、主に燔祭をささげさせ、また酬恩祭として雄牛をささげさせた。 (出エジプト記 24:5)
- He sent young men of the children of Israel, who offered burnt offerings and sacrificed peace offerings of cattle to Yahweh. (Exodus 24:5)
- 明応8年(1499年)10月、知恩院の保誉は霊夢で「香久山や麓の寺はせまけれど 高きみのりを説きて弘めむ」との歌を法然から授かった。
- In October 1499, 保誉, the priest of Chion-in Temple had a spiritual dream in which he received a poem from Honen saying 'Although the temple at the foot of Mt. Kagu is narrow, extend it by preaching highly-principled sermons.'
- 豊臣家恩顧の者たちが豊臣方に寝返るのを恐れたといわれるが、関ヶ原の戦いで東軍勝利のために尽力した黒田長政に関してこれは当てはまらない。
- It is said that the bakufu was afraid that people who have been favored by the Toyotomi family would betray the bakufu, however, it would not apply to Nagamasa KURODA, who contributed to the victory of the Eastern Army at the Battle of Sekigahara.
- しかし新政は武家への恩賞施策と武家領地を減らし国衙領の復活を目指す後醍醐天皇の独裁と公家優先の政策で、武家の支持を得られずに混乱した。
- However, the restoration was dictatorial and the Court noble-oriented policies of Emperor Godaigo who tried to reduce reward measures and territory of samurai families in order to restore Kokugaryo, were not supported by the samurai families and only served to confuse them.
- それは律令制崩壊以後の日本においては「御恩と奉公」という主従関係に基づいた、繋がりを重視する部隊編成を行わざるをえなかったためである。
- This is because after the destruction of the Ritsuryo system in Japan, troops had to be organized in a way that stressed relation based on lord-and-vassal bonds such as 'favor and service.'
- しかし、清は中国を「地大物博」(土地が広く物産が豊かなこと)と述べ、恩恵を与える朝貢貿易ならまだしも対等貿易は不要であると突き返した。
- The Qing dynasty, however, preferred trade in the choko style (other nations' bringing tribute to China) and refused the trading as equal partners, saying 'China has a big land and a lot of products.'
- 文永9年(1272年) 親鸞の末娘覚信尼が住む地、現在の東山区林下町(知恩院山門北の崇泰院あたり)に大谷廟堂を造営、親鸞の影像を安置。
- In 1272, the Otani Mausoleum was built in what is now the Rinka-cho, Higashiyama Ward (around Sotaiin, the north of Chion-in Temple's gate), the living place of Kakushinni, Shinran's youngest daughter, and Shinran's portrait was placed there.
- これは、天平宝字4年(760年)、孝謙天皇の勅願により、僧報恩が大和国高市郡の「子嶋神祠のほとり」に子嶋山寺を建てたとするものである。
- These materials described that in 760, a monk, Hoon, founded Kojimasan-dera Temple 'near Kojima Shrine' in Takaichi-gun Yamoto no kuni (Yamato Province) by order from the Emperor Koken.
- 画は藤原信実筆、詞は藤原為家筆とも、画は住吉慶恩筆、詞は久我通具筆ともいい、ほかに豊後法橋画というもの、土佐光則画というものなどがある。
- Some versions had drawings drawn by Fujiwara no Nobuzane and text written by Fujiwara no Tameie, while some had drawings drawn by Keion Sumiyoshi and text written by Michitomo Koga, while others had drawings drawn by Bungo-hokkyo or Mitsunori Tosa.
- そして頼朝が、ある意味勝手に「本領安堵」の下文(くだしぶみ)を出すだけで、それを御恩と奉公ほど、彼らの所領は危ういものであったと言える。
- In addition, their estates became vulnerable as favor and service when Yoritomo submitted the 'honryo-ando' kudashibumi (edict from a senior official in government or military which had the status of a binding official document) almost without consent.
- それより前の1346年(貞和2)にも、上松浦の何人かの武士が、度々足利方について戦った恩賞として、肥前国河副庄の配分をうけたことがある。
- Several bushi of Kamimatsuura received the Kawasoe no Sho Residence of Hizen Province in 1346 for a reward for fighting along side the Ashikaga several times.
- 処刑を免れた橋詰愛平ら9人は、土佐の渡川(四万十川)以西の入田へ配流され庄屋宇賀佑之進預けとなり、その後明治新政府の恩赦により帰郷した。
- The nine retainers including Aihei HASHIZUME who were spared their lives were sent to Irita, the west of Watari-gawa River (Shimanto-gawa River) of Tosa, and put under the charge of a village headman, Yunoshin UGA, and later returned to Tosa with a pardon from the new Meiji government.
- もし人がその身に汚れがあるのに、主にささげた酬恩祭の犠牲の肉を食べるならば、その人は民のうちから断たれるであろう。 (レビ記 7:20)
- but the soul who eats of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings, that belongs to Yahweh, having his uncleanness on him, that soul shall be cut off from his people. (Leviticus 7:20)
- 黒門への登り口の路上にあり、知恩院が建立される前からあるとされる大きな石で、一夜にしてこの石から蔓が延びて花が咲き、瓜が実ったと伝わる。
- This large rock located in front of the Kuro-mon gate is said to have been there since before the building of Chion-in Temple and that, in just one night, a vine grew out of it, flowered and bore gourds.
- 1603年(慶長8年) 知恩院拡張造営に際し、祐誓の妹婿の善了の申し出により、親鸞荼毘の延仁寺の旧地と伝えられる鳥部山に代替地を拝領する。
- In 1603 when the Chion-in Temple was expanded, it was given more land on Mt. Toribe, which was said to belong to the Ennin-ji Temple where Shinran was cremated by a proportion of Zenryo, the husband of Yusei's sister.
- Upon extending the buildings in Chion-in Temple in 1603, according to the proposal by Zenryo, the husband of Yusei's younger sister, the new place that was given was within the area of Mt. Toribe, where Ennin-ji Temple, in which the founder Shinran was cremated, is said to have been located.
- 平安時代も末期とならない限り武士の世界において領地を与える(新恩給与)、あるいは領地の所有権を保証(本領安堵)するなどはありうべくもない。
- There was no donation of estates (shinon-kyuyo - granting of new domains) or a guaranteed ownership of the estate (honryo-ando - acknowledgment for an inherited estate) in the world of bushi until at the end of Heian period.
- 前項に該当する人は、その結果として、その趣旨での補完的な協定が締結されない限り、関連するフランスの法令に規定される恩恵を受ける資格がない。
- The persons referred to in the above paragraph consequently shall not be entitled to benefits prescribed by the relevant French laws and regulations unless a complementary agreement has been concluded to that effect.
- 寛平・延喜東国の乱と承平南海賊のいずれにおいても、反乱制圧・平和維持に尽力した最初期の武士たちは、十分な恩賞が与えられたとは考えなかった。
- In either of the Kanbyo Engi Togoku War and Joheinankaizoku, the samurai at the early stage who made efforts to suppress the rebellions and to maintain security did not consider their rewards sufficient.
- 詞書の冒頭が「朝恩なればかたじけなく悦事かぎりなし、此よし家にかへりてかたりければ」云々と、前を受けての記述であるから、完本でないと知れる。
- Since Kotobagaki (captions) began with `朝恩なればかたじけなく悦事かぎりなし、此よし家にかへりてかたりければ', assumed to have been continued from the previous story, it is not an independent story.
- 宝永6年1月10日 (旧暦)(1709年2月19日)、将軍綱吉が死去し徳川家宣が将軍を継ぐと、恩赦が出され赤穂浪士の遺子たちも放免となった。
- On February 19, 1709, when Ienobu TOKUGAWA succeeded the position of Shogun after the death of Shogun Tsunayoshi, he granted a pardon to Ako Roshi, and thus their children were also discharged.
- 記録所や恩賞方は調査機関であり、個々の政務に関する判断を下すための先例や意見が答申され、それらが後醍醐の決済を経て「綸旨」の形で発せられた。
- The Records and Rewards offices were both investigative organizations, reporting on the precedents and different viewpoints in order to pass down judgments on each individual governmental matter; such judgments then came before Godaigo, who issued a settlement for each in the form of an Imperial command.
- 彼はまたその酬恩祭の犠牲のうちから火祭を主にささげなければならない。すなわち内臓をおおう脂肪と、内臓の上のすべての脂肪、 (レビ記 3:3)
- He shall offer of the sacrifice of peace offerings an offering made by fire to Yahweh; the fat that covers the innards, and all the fat that is on the innards, (Leviticus 3:3)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭。雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはエナンの子アヒラの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:83)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Ahira the son of Enan. (Numbers 7:83)
- 桃太郎、金太郎、浦島太郎、花さかじいさん、さるかに合戦、一寸法師、舌切り雀、鶴の恩返し、かさじぞう、おむすびころりん、うりこひめとあまのじゃく
- Momotaro (The Peach Boy), Kintaro (The Golden Boy), Urashimataro, Hanasaka-jiisan (The Old Man Who Made Flowers Blossom), Sarukanigassen (The Crab and the Monkey), Issun boshi (The Inchi-High Samurai), Shitakiri-suzume (The Tongue-Cut Sparrow), Tsuru-no-Ongaeshi (The Grateful Crane), Kasajizo (The Ksitigarbha Wearing Sedge Hats), Omusubikororin (The Runaway Riceball), and Urikohime-to-Amanojaku (The Urikohime and Perverse Person)
- 兄に有栖川宮韶仁親王・三千院承眞法親王・輪王寺舜仁入道親王・知恩院尊超入道親王など、妹に吉子女王(貞芳院、水戸藩主・徳川斉昭正室)などがいる。
- Takako had Arisugawanomiya Imperial Prince Tsunahito, the Cloistered Imperial Prince 承眞 of Sanzen-in Temple, the priestly Imperial Prince 舜仁 of Rinno-ji Temple and priestly Imperial Prince Soncho of Chion-in Temple as the older brothers, and the Princess Yoshiko (Teihoin, the legal wife of Nariaki TOKUGAWA, the lord of the Mito Domain) as the younger sister.
- これは、天下の官寺を朝廷主導で序列化し、官寺として国家の手で住持を補任し、皇帝と帝室の安寧を祈祷すると同時に、非課税の恩恵を与える制度である。
- This was a system where state-sponsored temples were ranked by the Imperial Court, which assigned chief priests and had them pray for the well-being of the Emperor and Imperial family, and granted the temples exemption from taxation.
- 『吾妻鏡』には書かれていない相馬御厨での経緯を見れば、特に千葉常胤にとって、源義朝は「御恩」を感じるような相手ではなかったことは明らかである。
- By looking at the progress of Soma-mikuriya (private estate of Soma ranch) not written in 'Azuma Kagami,' Tsunetate CHIBA was especially not the person whom MINAMOTO no Yoritomo felt 'indebted' to.
- 意見書によると、ロシアとの共同行為は、恩を感じた清国から艦隊や貯炭所の割譲または租借ができる唯一の可能性を与えるものである、と認識されている。
- According to a written statement, the concerted intervention with Russia was acknowledged among the high officials as the only way to get a cession or a lease of fleets and coal yards from Qing, as Qing would feel obligated to do so if the intervention was successful.
- 上皇挙兵の報に鎌倉の武士は大いに動揺したが、『吾妻鏡』や『承久記』によれば北条政子が「故右大将(頼朝)の恩は山よりも高く、海よりも深いはずだ。
- News that the retired Emperor was raising an army caused great consternation among the samurai of Kamakura, but according to the 'Azuma kagami' (Mirror of the East) and the 'Jokyu ki' (Chronicle of the Jokyu Era), Masako HOJO responded, 'The obligation we bear to the former great general of the Right (Yoritomo) is surely higher than a mountain, and deeper than the sea.
- もし彼の供え物が主にささげる酬恩祭の犠牲で、それが羊であるならば、雌雄いずれであっても、全きものをささげなければならない。 (レビ記 3:6)
- ''If his offering for a sacrifice of peace offerings to Yahweh is from the flock; male or female, he shall offer it without blemish. (Leviticus 3:6)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはヘロンの子エリアブの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:29)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Eliab the son of Helon. (Numbers 7:29)
- 現在、この「盂蘭盆会」のよりどころとしている『盂蘭盆経』は、『父母恩重経』や『善悪因果経』などと共に、中国で成立した偽経であると考えられている。
- Today, the 'Urabon-kyo' that has provided a base for 'urabone' is considered, together with 'Fubooncho-kyo' and 'Zenakuinga-kyo,' to be one of the gikyo (fake scriptures) which were produced in China.
- 馬庭念流宗家の樋口家に伝わる『樋口家文書』や間光延が著わした『剣術系図』によれば、慈恩には板東8名、京6名、計14名の優れた門弟があったとした。
- According to 'Higuchi ke Bunsho' (the Higuchi family's document) handed down in the Higuchi family, the head family of Maniwanen-ryu school, and 'Kenjutsu Keizu' (the histories of swordsmen) written by Mitsunobu HAZAMA, Jion had the total of 14 excellent disciples, 8 of whom were in Bando (present-day the Kanto region), and 6 of whom were in Kyoto.
- 荘園を構成する田畠は主に皇帝よりの恩賜地や墾田、質入や買入による購入、寄進、更には暴力を伴う強奪などの手法によって獲得されたものも含まれていた。
- The fields (of rice and other crops) which made up the shoens included the land from the Emperor, the new rice field, the land by purchase or by pawning or donation and also land acquired by robbery with violence and so on.
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはギデオニの子アビダンの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:65)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Abidan the son of Gideoni. (Numbers 7:65)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはツアルの子ネタニエルの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:23)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Nethanel the son of Zuar. (Numbers 7:23)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはシデウルの子エリヅルの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:35)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Elizur the son of Shedeur. (Numbers 7:35)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはオクランの子パギエルの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:77)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Pagiel the son of Ochran. (Numbers 7:77)
- この「たのみ」を「頼み」にかけ、武家や公家の間でも、日頃お世話になっている(頼み合っている)人に、その恩を感謝する意味で贈り物をするようになった。
- The word 'tanomi' in Tanomi no Sekku is written in Japanese as 田の実, which literally means crops from the rice field, but this word can also be written as 頼み, which means reliance; therefore, the custom of giving presents to people you rely on spread not only among farmers, but also among buke (samurai families) and kuge (court nobles) as a means of expressing their gratitude for the kindness of their supporters.
- 後柏原天皇の代に三時知恩寺と称されるようになったが、これは宮中における1日6回の勤行のうち昼間の3回をこの寺で行うようになったことによるとされる。
- It came to be called Sanji Chion-ji Temple when Gokashiwabara was the Emperor, which is said to have started because three devotional exercises, which were performed the daytime out of six devotional exercises performed the course of a day in the Imperial Court, began to take place in this temple.
- 一方で御家人層では、元寇後も続けられた異国警固番役の負担、元寇の恩賞や訴訟の停滞、貨幣経済の普及、所領分割などによって没落する者も増加していった。
- Contrastingly, an increasing number of those in the gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate) stratum were ruined because of the burden imposed on them by ikoku-keigoban-yaku (a kind of military service imposed on the gokenin in which they had to guard areas other than those they usually guarded), which continued even after the Mongolian expeditions against Japan; delays to the provision of rewards and settlement of lawsuits following the Mongolian expeditions; the gradual emergence of a monetary economy; and the division of their territory.
- もし彼の供え物が酬恩祭の犠牲であって、牛をささげるのであれば、雌雄いずれであっても、全きものを主の前にささげなければならない。 (レビ記 3:1)
- ''If his offering is a sacrifice of peace offerings; if he offers it from the herd, whether male or female, he shall offer it without blemish before Yahweh. (Leviticus 3:1)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはパダヅルの子ガマリエルの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:59)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur. (Numbers 7:59)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはデウエルの子エリアサフの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:47)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Eliasaph the son of Deuel. (Numbers 7:47)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはアミホデの子エリシャマの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:53)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Elishama the son of Ammihud. (Numbers 7:53)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはアミナダブの子ナションの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:17)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Nahshon the son of Amminadab. (Numbers 7:17)
- なお、再開された最初の勧学会に参加した第1期参加者の藤原有国の漢詩(「世尊大恩」)と高階積善の詩序に中断期間が19年間であったことが明記されている。
- In addition, it is recorded clearly in the Chinese-style poem ('Seson Daion') by FUJIWARA no Arikuni and in the preface of the poem by TAKASHINA no Moriyoshi, who were both participants at the first Kangakue which was resumed and also were participants at the very first Kangakue, that the Kangakue was put on hold for 19 years.
- 江戸時代、豊臣政権の清算の観点ら、徳川家の恩赦を受けて新義真言宗は復興を果たし、根来寺の再興と共に覚鑁は東山天皇より「興教大師」の称号を追贈された。
- In the Edo period, as part of their program to settle the wrongs of the Toyotomi government, the Tokugawa clan pardoned the Shingi Shingon sect and together with the reconstruction of Negoro-ji Temple, Kakuban was afforded the honorary title of 'Kokyo-Daishi' from the Emperor Higashiyama.
- 大谷道場の御堂は、知恩院造営に先立って1600年(慶長5年)に教如の命によって祐誓が四条富小路に移し、徳勝寺(現・徳正寺。真宗大谷派寺院)を創建した。
- The Otani Dojo hall was moved to Shijo Tomino-koji by Yusei and it had the Tokusho-ji (徳勝寺) Temple (present day Tokusho-ji (徳正寺) Temple. A temple of the Shinshu sect Otani school) built in 1600 before the construction of the Chion-in Temple by an order of Kyonyo.
- 古ゲルマン人社会の従士制度(軍事的奉仕)と、ローマ帝国末期の恩貸地制度(土地の保護)に起源を見いだし、これらが結びつき成立したと説明されることが多い。
- The retainer system (military duties) in the ancient German society and the land loan system (land protection) in the later Roman Empire are often seen as the origin, and it is often explained that the two systems were combined to form feudalism.
- 治天下獲加多支鹵大王世奉事典曹人名无利弖八月中用大鉄釜并四尺廷刀八十練九十振三寸上好刊刀服此刀者長寿子孫洋々得□恩也不失其所統作刀者名伊太和書者張安也
- Under the reign of Wakatakeru no Okimi, there was a man who worked as a clerk; His name was Murite; During August, in the big iron pod, an imperial sword whose length is four shaku (unit of distance approximately equal to 30.3 cm) ****; It was tempered eighty times, and swung ninety times; **** The one who has this sword will live long, and his descendants will flourish, being blessed; He will never lose his power; The one who makes a sword is Itawa, and the one who engraves inscription is Choan.
- なお、御恩と奉公による主従関係について、中世ヨーロッパに見られた封建制(feudalism)との共通点に着目して、封建的主従関係と理解する見解がある。
- By the way, concerning the master-servant relationship based on goon and hoko, there is an opinion that the relationship is interpreted the same as the feudal master-servant relationship, because when it is compared with feudalism found in Medieval Europe, there are some common points.
- 墓は酬恩庵にあり、「慈揚塔」と呼ばれるが、宮内庁が御廟所として管理している陵墓である宮内庁では落胤説にもとづいて「後小松天皇皇子宗純王墓」としている。
- His grave is at Shuuonan and is called Jiyoutou, but is managed by the Imperial Household Agency as an imperial tomb, calling it the grave of prince Soujun, son of Emperor Gokomatsu, based on the stories about his lineage.
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはアミシャダイの子アヒエゼルの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:71)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai. (Numbers 7:71)
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛二頭、雄羊五頭、雄やぎ五頭、一歳の雄の小羊五頭であって、これはツリシャダイの子シルミエルの供え物であった。 (民数記 7:41)
- and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old: this was the offering of Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai. (Numbers 7:41)
- すなわちこのすべての供え物のうちから、菓子一つずつを取って主にささげなければならない。これは酬恩祭の血を注ぎかける祭司に帰する。 (レビ記 7:14)
- Of it he shall offer one out of each offering for a heave offering to Yahweh. It shall be the priest's who sprinkles the blood of the peace offerings. (Leviticus 7:14)
- その後、平安時代初期の大同 (日本)元年(806年)に空海(弘法大師)の甥・智泉(ちせん)が入り、伝法灌頂(密教の儀式)の道場として報恩院を建立した。
- In the year 806 at the beginning of Heian period, Kukai's (Kobo Daishi) nephew Chisen became chief priest and constructed Hoon-in as a seminary for conducting the Denbo Kanjo (an esoteric Buddhism rite).
- 浄土真宗における先祖の供養は、日常は朝夕に阿弥陀如来に対し合掌礼拝・称名念仏し、教えを説いてくだっさた宗祖親鸞聖人・七高僧などへの報恩謝徳の勤行をする。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, devotional exercises every morning and evening, in which monto worship Amida Nyorai while putting the palms of the hands together, chanting nenbutsu and invocating the name of Buddha and thanking the holy priest Shinran, the founder of Jodo Shinshu Sect, as well as Seven masters of Jodo Shinshu Sect for their efforts in preaching the teachings of Buddha, are deemed as memorial services for the ancestors.
- 観応の擾乱によって幕府官僚の分裂・離反が生じた事から、2代将軍足利義詮が崩壊した評定衆・引付衆に代わる合議体として恩賞方にて開いたのが起源とされている。
- When bakufu officials were factionalized and declared secession in the Kanno Disturbance, the second shogun, Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA held a consultation in Onshokata (office to do desk work concerning the Onsho award) with a consultative body replacing the collapsed hyojoshu and hikitsukeshu, which was regarded as the origin of gozen-sata.
- 安達泰盛は幕府創設以来の有力御家人安達氏の一族で、北条氏得宗家の外戚として執権北条時宗を支え、越訴、御恩奉行などの重職を歴任した幕政の中心人物であった。
- Yasumori ADACHI was a member of the Adachi clan, the senior vassals since the Kamakura government was established, and he supported the regent Tokimune HOJO as a maternal relative of the Tokuso Family of the Hojo clan, and was a key figure experienced in important positions like an Ossobugyo (temporary position in charge of retrials and accepting appeals in Kamakura bakufu) and Goon bugyo (commissioner in charge of issuing the deed of rewards.)
- 「追捕官符」に基づき、一国棟梁たる軍事貴族らは家人である武士団(田堵負名層(在地領主層))を率いて謀叛や蜂起を鎮圧すると、軍事貴族自らも恩賞を獲得した。
- Suppressing revolts and rebellions by leading their private warrior bands (whose constituents were the Tato fumyo class who were also local lords) under 'tsuibu kanpu,' the military nobles earned rewards.
- これを取るには酬恩祭の犠牲の雄牛から取るのと同じようにしなければならない。そして祭司はそれを燔祭の祭壇の上で焼かなければならない。 (レビ記 4:10)
- as it is taken off of the bull of the sacrifice of peace offerings. The priest shall burn them on the altar of burnt offering. (Leviticus 4:10)
- 現在の浄厳院の地には、正平 (日本)年間(1346年 - 1370年)近江国守護佐々木氏六角氏の六角氏頼より建立された天台宗寺院の慈恩寺威徳院があった。
- From 1346 to 1370, the Itokuin of Jion-ji Temple was located in the current location of Jogon-in Temple, which is a Tendai Sect temple built by Ujiyori ROKKAKU of Sasaki clan and Rokkaku clan as Omi-no-kuni shugo (Military Commissioner of Omi-no-kuni).
- 浄土宗側は、黒染めの衣で、質素ないでたち、関東の霊誉と、安土田中の西光寺の聖誉・貞安(せいよていあん)、信誉洞庫、知恩院助念の4人が筆記用具を持って登場。
- From the Jodoshu sect, four monks in simple black robes, Reiyo from the Kanto region, Seiyo Teian from Saiko-ji Temple in Azuchitanaka, Shinyo Doko, and Chionin Jonen appeared with writing tools.
- 太食調 抜頭※(舞は左右双方にあり)、散手、太平楽(朝小子、武昌楽、合歓塩)、傾盃楽、賀王恩、打毬楽、還城楽(左右双方にあり)、庶人三台、輪鼓褌脱、長慶子
- Taishikicho tone: Bato* (having dance both in Saho and Uho), Sanju, Taiheiraku (Chokoshi, Bushoraku, Gakkaen), Keibaraku, Kao-on, Dakyuraku, Genjoraku (both in Saho and Uho), Soninsandai, Rinkokotatsu, Chogeishi
- これは病死とも、秀吉への恩義に応えられなかった(且元は、家康の大坂攻めに協力する見返りとして、秀頼の助命を嘆願していたらしい)ことを悔いての自殺説もある。
- While some attribute his death to illness, others believe it was suicide for failing to live up to his pledge of loyalty to Hideyoshi (for pleading for the life of Hideyori in return for his support of Ieyasu's siege on Osaka Castle).
- しかし、腕を天下に披露したい武芸者の堀部らは吉良邸への討ち入りを主張したのに対し、主君への報恩第一の寵臣片岡らは行列襲撃してでも即時の吉良殺害を主張した。
- However, those who wanted to show off their skills to the world, such as Horibe, demanded for the raid into Kira's residence whereas others, such as Kataoka, who received favor from their lord, wanted to kill Kira immediately even if it meant attacking the procession.
- 表面には「常是」および「寳」に加えて年代を現す文字極印が打たれ、また片面ないし両面に大黒天像の極印が丁寧に打たれたものが存在し、恩賞および贈答用とされる。
- Some of these coins had precise markings ('常是' [pronounced 'joze'], which was the heredity name of a refiner, and '寳' {pronounced 'ho'], meaning 'valuable') and the year they were made, while others were inscribed with the image of Daikokuten (Great Black God) on one or both sides, probably to indicate that they were prizes or gifts.
- その感謝のための酬恩祭の犠牲の肉は、その供え物をささげた日のうちに食べなければならない。少しでも明くる朝まで残して置いてはならない。 (レビ記 7:15)
- The flesh of the sacrifice of his peace offerings for thanksgiving shall be eaten on the day of his offering. He shall not leave any of it until the morning. (Leviticus 7:15)
- また主の前にささげる酬恩祭のために雄牛と雄羊とを取り、また油を混ぜた素祭を取りなさい。主がきょうあなたがたに現れたもうからである』」。 (レビ記 9:4)
- and a bull and a ram for peace offerings, to sacrifice before Yahweh; and a meal offering mixed with oil: for today Yahweh appears to you.'' (Leviticus 9:4)
- それまでの歴史から後鳥羽は、ほどなく義時が討ち取られ、関東武士たちも帰順すると見込んでいたが、幕府側は、頼朝以来の御恩を訴え、御家人の大多数を味方につけた。
- Considering the history so far, Gotoba expected that Yoshitoki would soon be killed and that the Kanto Samurai Group would submit, but the bakufu faction called in its favors since the time of Yoritomo and allied with the majority of gokenin.
- 一方、朝鮮の両班階層(支配層)の間では明の援軍のおかげにより朝鮮は滅亡を免れたのだという意識(「再造之恩」)が強調され、明への恩義を重視する思想が広まった。
- On the other hand, among yangban (traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea) (ruling class) of Korea, understanding that Korea could narrowly avoid ruin thanks to reinforcements from Ming ('再造之恩') was underscored and the thought to attach importance to gratitude towards Ming spread widely.
- 敗色濃厚な豊臣氏の誘いに乗って大坂城に入った信繁の真意は、恩賞や家名回復ではなく、徳川家康に一泡吹かせてもって真田の武名を天下に示す事だったと言われている。
- It is said that the real intention of Nobushige who entered Osaka Castle tempted by Toyotomi Clan whose defeat was almost obvious was to show the military renown of Sanada to the world by frustrating Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, not in order to gain Onsho (reward grants) or recover his family name.
- この頃には新令により発生した所領問題、訴訟や恩賞請求の殺到、記録所などの新設された機関における権限の衝突などの混乱が起こり始め、新政の問題が早くも露呈する。
- It was right around this time that due to these new decrees, the Court started receiving a flood of land-related problems as well as court cases and requests for rewards, and chaos caused by conflicts of authority between the mechanisms of the newly established Records office and so forth began to arise; the fact that the new government was beset with problems had come to light very quickly.
- 絶海中津は義弘の忠節は隠れ無きものであり、世の噂を信じるべきではない、また満弘の子への恩賞がないのは上洛しないために行賞できないからだと重ねて上洛を促した。
- Chushin ZEKKAI responded by saying that he saw that Yoshihiro's loyalty was beyond question, and that one cannot trust the rumors the world produces he also reiterated his advice to go the capital, claiming that the reason no reward had been conferred on Mitsuhiro's son was that Yoshihiro had not obeyed the summons to Kyoto in the first place.
- 以後、贈位は亡くなった高位の貴族への恩典として、さらには無実の罪で亡くなった者、或いは派遣途上でなくなった遣唐使の慰霊や名誉回復を目的で行われるようになった。
- From then on, zoi became a special dispensation for high ranked nobles that have passed away; moreover, it began to be carried out for the purposes of comforting the spirit and restoring impaired reputations of those who died on false charges, or for the Kento-shi (Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) who died in their journey.
- 浄土宗 開祖は円光大師「法然」(源空・黒谷上人・吉水上人とも)、本山は華頂山知恩院・報国山光明寺 (長岡京市)(粟生光明寺)・聖衆来迎山禅林寺 (京都市)ほか
- Jodo sect: founded by Enko Daishi 'Honen' (also called Genku, Kurodani Shonin and Yoshimizu Shonin), head temples include Chionin Temple on Mt. Kacho, Komyo-ji Temple on Mt. Hokoku (Nagaokakyo City), also known as Awafu Komyo-ji Temple, and Zenrin-ji Temple on Mt. Shojuraigo (Kyoto City).
- 余多の妻子ども、此趣承り、是は夢かやうつつかや。恩愛の別れの悲しさ、今更たとへん方もなし。さて如何かと歎き、或はおさない子をいただき、或は懐妊したる人もあり。
- Remaining wives and children heard this and some moaned for wrench of parting telling that they could not tell if they are awake or asleep, and some took in young children and there was a lady who was pregnant.
- これは、丁銀と同品位の少額貨幣である豆板銀を合わせて一定の量目(恩賞および献上用には銀一枚43匁、商取引用には五百目など)にし、紙に包んで封印したものである。
- A Hogin was a sealed paper bag that contained both Chogin and Mameitagin of the same quality that had been combined to attain a certain ryome (e.g. one silver sheet of 43 monme for a prize or present and 500 ryome for business transactions).
- 検察官は、恩赦法第十四条の規定により判決の原本に付記をした場合において、訴訟記録が他の検察庁に在るときは、その検察庁の検察官にその旨を通知しなければならない。
- When the public prosecutor has inserted added entries in the original of the judgment pursuant to the provisions of Article 14 of the Pardon Act, he/she shall, if the case record remains in another public prosecutors office, notify a public prosecutor of such office to that effect.
- 保名は書き置きから、恩返しのために葛の葉が人間世界に来たことを知り、童子丸とともに信田の森に行き、姿をあらわした葛の葉から水晶の玉と黄金の箱を受け取り、別れる。
- Yasuna realizes by her poem that Kuzunoha came to the human world to repay him for saving her, and goes to Shinoda forest with Dojimaru, receives a crystal ball and a golden box from Kuzunoha there and leaves her.
- %nation%はつらい日々を送っています。しばらくの間%colony%の収穫の恩恵を共有してくれないかと聞かれています。%amount%食料を譲ってください。
- The %nation% have fallen on hard times. We ask the colonists of %colony% to share the bounty of your harvests with us in our time of need. Please let us have %amount% food.
- また雄羊を種入れぬパンの一かごと共に、酬恩祭の犠牲として、主にささげなければならない。祭司はまたその素祭と灌祭をもささげなければならない。 (民数記 6:17)
- He shall offer the ram for a sacrifice of peace offerings to Yahweh, with the basket of unleavened bread. The priest shall offer also its meal offering, and its drink offering. (Numbers 6:17)
- 彼はまた民のためにささげる酬恩祭の犠牲の雄牛と雄羊とをほふり、アロンの子たちが、その血を彼に渡したので、彼はこれを祭壇の周囲に注ぎかけた。 (レビ記 9:18)
- He also killed the bull and the ram, the sacrifice of peace offerings, which was for the people: and Aaron's sons delivered to him the blood, which he sprinkled around on the altar, (Leviticus 9:18)
- 宗祖親鸞聖人入滅後、末娘の覚信尼が1272年(文永9年)に現在の京都市東山区林下町(知恩院塔頭・崇泰院付近)に廟を営み、遺骨を安置したのが本願寺の発祥とされる。
- Hongan-ji Temple originated after the death of sect founder Shinran Shonin when his youngest daughter Kakushinni had a mausoleum constructed in what is modern-day Rinka-cho, Higashiyama-ku Ward, Kyoto City (in the vicinity of the Sotaiin sub-temple of Chionin Temple) into which his remains were interred in 1272.
- 院政期は律令制に代わり、院を頂点とした主従制的関係が形成され、官職や土地を恩給として臣下に与えて奉仕させるようになり、知行国・荘園制度が確立していった時期だった。
- The cloistered government took the place of the Ritsuryo system, developing lord-vassal relationships with the cloistered Emperor at the apex, and making subordinates work in exchange for positions and land as rewards, and was a period when the system of custodial provinces and shoen were established.
- 同寺の寺宝である立正安国論が建武_(日本)3年(1336年)に律宗寺院であった鎌倉・普恩寺(現在は廃絶)に貸し与えられて書写されていた事が記録されている程である。
- According to the records, Rissho ankoku ron (the Treatise for Spreading Peace Throughout the Country by Establishing the True Teaching), which was the temple's treasure, had been lent out to Kamakura Fuon-ji Temple (no longer exists) of the Ritsu Sect to transcribe in 1336.
- そのナジルびとは会見の幕屋の入口で、聖別した頭をそり、その聖別した頭の髪を取って、これを酬恩祭の犠牲の下にある火の上に置かなければならない。 (民数記 6:18)
- The Nazirite shall shave the head of his separation at the door of the Tent of Meeting, and shall take the hair of the head of his separation, and put it on the fire which is under the sacrifice of peace offerings. (Numbers 6:18)
- 招き猫発祥の地の伝説がある豪徳寺(東京都世田谷区)の由来には、寺の繁栄に関し「全く猫の恩に報い福を招き寄篤の霊験によるものにしてこの寺を猫寺と呼ぶに至れり」とある。
- Gotoku-ji Temple (Setagaya Ward, Tokyo), which is believed to be the birthplace of manekineko (beckoning cat), attributes its prosperity to 'the good luck brought by having repaid obligations to cats and a miracle of well-wish; the very reason why the temple is called neko-dera.'
- 北条氏の得宗専制体制は強化されるが、元寇以後には、元寇の戦功に応じた恩賞を受けられず没落する御家人が増加し、執権の地位は有名無実化し、諸国では悪党の活動が活発化する。
- Although the Tokuso autocracy system of the Hojo clan had been strengthened, after the Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, there was an increase of in the number of gokenin who became bankrupt having received no reward in return for their service in repelling the Mongol invasion attempts; consequently, the position of regent became symbolic and gangsters increased their activities in various provinces.
- 護摩の炉に細長く切った薪木を入れて燃やし、炉中に種々の供物を投げ入れ、火の神が煙とともに供物を天上に運び、天の恩寵にあずかろうとする素朴な信仰から生まれたものである。
- This ceremony evolved from a simple ritual to win god's grace by burning firewood cut into sticks in a Goma fire pit while throwing various offerings into the fire for the fire god to carry the offerings, transformed into smoke, to heaven.
- これらの地区は、近世の行政区画では知恩院門前、建仁寺門前、祇園廻り、大仏廻りなどと称されたが、平地部は早くから町地化されて市街地の一部となり、「洛外町続き」と称された。
- In the administrative division during the early modern era, these areas were referred to as Chionin Monzen, Kenninji Monzen, Gion Mawari, Daibutsu Mawari, and so on, but parts of the flat lands were turned into towns and became a part of urban area, and referred to as 'Rakugai Machi-tsuzuki.'
- 建武 (日本)2年(1335年)に中先代の乱の鎮圧のため勅状を得ないまま東国に出向いた足利尊氏が、乱の鎮圧に付き従った将士に鎌倉で独自に恩賞を与えるなど新政から離反する。
- In 1335, Takauji ASHIKAGA, who had traveled to eastern Japan without obtaining an imperial edict in order to suppress the Nakasendai Rebellion, became disaffected with the new government and privately rewarded the swordsmen who had accompanied him to suppress the rebellion.
- 「総讃」の2句に続く前半は、「依教段」と言われ『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』に依って明らかにされている、浄土往生の正因は信心であり、念仏は報恩行であることを説明し讃嘆している。
- The first half, which follows two phrases of 'Sosan,' is called 'Ekyodan' and states that the direct reason to be sent to the Pure Land is by people's faith; and that nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) is Hoongyo (act for repayment of kindness), which is defined based on 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo Sutra,' and praises it.
- 知恩院に所蔵される国宝の通称「早来迎(はやらいごう)」と呼ばれる来迎図は、正式には「阿弥陀二十五菩薩来迎図」であり、『観経』に説かれる上品上生の来迎を表わした図様である。
- The raigo-zu, a national treasure kept in Chion-Temple, called 'Hayaraigo,' is officially called 'Amida Nijugo Bosatsu Raigozu' (Descent of Amida and Twenty-Five Attendants); it has a picture of Amida Nyorai coming over the mountain to take some people into the heavens which is explained in 'Kangyo' (Meditation Sutra).
- なお、一旦改易された者が恩赦などを受ける場合もあったが、この場合の効果は改易される前の主君への再仕官が認められるという程度であり、改易前の禄高で復帰できた例は少なかった。
- There were some cases where those who were once subject to kaieki received amnesty, but it would only allow them to serve the lord that they had served before kaieki, and there were only a few cases in which they returned to their services and received the same amount of stipend as they had received before kaieki.
- 涅槃会(ねはんえ)は、涅槃講や涅槃忌とも称し、陰暦2月15日 (旧暦)、釈迦の入滅(にゅうめつ)の日に、日本や中国などで勤修される、釈迦の遺徳追慕と報恩のための法要である。
- Nehan-e, also referred to as Nehan-ko or Nehan-ki, is a Buddhist memorial service practiced in Japan and China on February 15 in the Chinese lunar calendar, the day when Shakyamuni entered Nirvana (died), to remember the illustrious memory of Shakamuni and repayment of a kindness.
- しかし博多のように「屋台は日本の文化である」といった地域住民や行政の意思により、官民一体となって存続される地域も出始めていて、観光誘致や地域振興として様々な恩恵を齎している。
- However, in some areas such as Hakata, they are beginning to be kept alive by public and private support, with the will of local residents and the belief of government that 'yatai are part of the culture of Japan,' and they bring various benefits regarding tourism and regional promotion.
- 源平の間を揺れ動いたことで頼朝の疑念を招き、隆直への恩賞は守護に任じられた少弐氏や大友氏・島津氏に遠く及ばず、逆に多くの関東系御家人を本拠地周囲に配置され、その牽制を受けた。
- His inconstancy between the Minamoto clan and the Taira clan caused Yoritomo's distrust, and he was granted a reward far less than those of the Shoni clan, the Otomo clan and the Shimazu clan, which were appointed Shugo (provincial governors), and on the contrary, Takanao came to be checked by the gokenin from Kanto provinces, who were placed around his home base.
- 元寇防衛に働いた九州御家人の恩賞・訴訟を判定するため、安達泰盛は九州に合議制の奉行(鎮西談議所)を置いていたが、頼綱はそれに代えて、得宗派で固めた新機関(鎮西探題)を設置した。
- Yasumori ADACHI established the magistrate's office of council system (Chinzeidangisho (magistrate's office of Kyushu region)) in Kyushu to judge Onsho (reward grants) and lawsuits for Kyushu gokenin who had worked for the defense of Japan against Mongol invasion attempts, but Yoritsuna, instead of this, founded a new institution (Chinzei tandai (office of the military governor of Kyushu)) which was managed only by the Tokuso party.
- 翌日には、浅田賢介教授、井上密教授、岡松参太郎教授、織田萬教授、島文次郎教授、田島錦治教授、仁井田益太郎教授らが参加して謝恩会が開催され、知恩院桜門前で卒業記念撮影会開かれた。
- The next day there was a graduation party with professors Kensuke ASADA, Hisoka INOUE, Santaro OKAMATSU, Mitsuru ODA, Bunjiro SHIMA, Kinji TAJIMA and Masutaro NIIDA, and commemorative graduation pictures were taken in front of Chion-in Temple Sakura-mon (Sakura Gate).
- 1つの作品でもっとも巻数が多いのは京都・知恩院と奈良・当麻寺奥院の『法然上人絵伝』で、いずれも全48巻の大作である(「48」という数字は阿弥陀如来の「四十八願」にちなんだもの)。
- 'Honen Shonin Eden' of both Chionin Temple in Kyoto and Okuin of Taima-dera Temples in Nara (deepest located temple house of Taima-dera Temple) have the largest number of scrolls of an emakimono work, namely 'forty-eight,' which number is compared to 'forty-eight vows' of Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata).
- 例えば、祖父母・父母、夫の祖父母・父母をなぐり、また殺傷する罪を悪逆のなかにいれて、恩赦のさいにもこれをゆるさない規定を設けているのは、儒教の道徳を法制化したものにほかならない。
- For example, including the crimes of striking, killing and wounding of grandparents, parents, grandparents, and parents of a husband as atrocities, and setting up rules for not permitting amnesty, is nothing more than the legislation of Confucian morals.
- 彼はその酬恩祭の犠牲のうちから、火祭を主にささげなければならない。すなわちその脂肪、背骨に接して切り取る脂尾の全部、内臓をおおう脂肪と内臓の上のすべての脂肪、 (レビ記 3:9)
- He shall offer from the sacrifice of peace offerings an offering made by fire to Yahweh; its fat, the entire tail fat, he shall take away close to the backbone; and the fat that covers the inwards, and all the fat that is on the inwards, (Leviticus 3:9)
- これがためにイスラエルのすべての人々すなわち全軍はベテルに上って行って泣き、その所で主の前に座して、その日夕暮まで断食し、燔祭と酬恩祭を主の前にささげた。 (士師記 20:26)
- Then all the children of Israel, and all the people, went up, and came to Bethel, and wept, and sat there before Yahweh, and fasted that day until evening; and they offered burnt offerings and peace offerings before Yahweh. (Judges 20:26)
- ところが過激な憲政擁護派らが上野恩賜公園や神田などで桂内閣をあからさまに批判する集会を開き、その集会での演説に興奮した国民の一部が国会議事堂に押し寄せるという事件を起こしたのである。
- Radical factions of the Kensei Yogo Group, however, held rallies in the Ueno Onshi Koen Park and on the streets in Kanda to bluntly criticize the KATSURA cabinet, and this event caused some of the citizens excited by the speeches at the rallies to throng to the Diet building.
- 軍役は広義には民衆に課せられる夫役のうちの兵役なども含まれるが、狭義には封建制度における「御恩と奉公」の関係において、知行地の安堵(御恩)と引き替えに主君に軍事的奉公を行うことである。
- In a broad sense, gunyaku meant conscription which included the labor service that was imposed on the people; but in a narrow sense, gunyaku referred to a retainer's offering of military service to the lord in exchange for recognition and guarantee of ownership of the fief (debt) in the relationship of 'debts and service' in the feudal system.
- 弘安の役後、幕府は元軍の再度の襲来に備えて御家人の統制を進めたが、文永の役に続き弘安の役においても十分な恩賞給与がなされなかったため、戦費で窮迫した御家人達は借金に苦しむようになった。
- After Koan no Eki, in order to prepare for the next attack by the Yuan army, bakufu tried to strengthen its control over the vassals, but the vassals came to live in debt because they did not receive sufficient rewards in Koan no Eki as well as Bunei no Eki.
- 平安最末期に関東武士全体を代表する鎌倉殿という地位が登場すると、御恩と奉公に基づく主従関係は、次第に排他的(鎌倉殿以外の主人を持たない)かつ永続的なものとなり、一層強固になっていった。
- Towards the end of the Heian period when the position heading all samurai in the Kanto region, called Kamakura-dono, was introduced, the master-servant relationship based on goon and hoko gradually became exclusive (not allowed to have any master other than the kamakura-dono) and permanent, making the relationship stronger.
- 時行軍を駆逐した尊氏は後醍醐天皇の帰京命令を拒否してそのまま鎌倉に居を据え、乱の鎮圧に付き従った将士に独自に恩賞を与えたり、関東にあった新田氏の領地を勝手に没収するなど新政から離反する。
- Takauji, after destroying Tokiyuki's army, violated Emperor Godaigo's order to return to the capital and installed himself in Kamakura instead; having become alienated from the new government, he showed his disaffection by bestowing unique rewards on the officers and men who had fought with him to put down the rebellion, and by willfully seizing the territory of the Nitta clan in the Kanto (eastern Japan).
- 合戦の終息した12月29日恩賞の除目があり、頼盛が尾張守、重盛が伊予守、宗盛が遠江守、教盛が越中守、経盛が伊賀守にそれぞれ任じられ、平氏一門の知行国は乱の前の5ヶ国から7ヶ国に増加した。
- A session granting awards was held on February 15, just after the battle ended; at this session, Yorimori was made governor of Owari Province, Shigemori of Iyo Province, Munemori of Totomi Province, Norimori of Ecchu Province, and Tsunemori of Iga Province, meaning that following the battle, the Taira's control over chigyo-koku (provincial fiefdom) increased from five provinces to seven.
- 応仁の乱後、白旗派の手によって再興された知恩院は天正3年(1575年)に正親町天皇より浄土宗本寺としての承認を受け、諸国の浄土宗僧侶への香衣付与・剥奪の権限を与えられた(「毀破綸旨」)。
- Chion-in, which was revived by Shirohata-ha after the Onin War, was admitted as the head temple of Jodo Shu by Emperor Ogimachi in 1575 and given authority to grant or deny vestments to Jodo Shu monks in Japan ('Kiharinji').
- 文面は、冒頭の挨拶、『摩訶止観』のお礼、比叡山には行けない旨を告げたあとに、「あなた(最澄)と修円(推定)と私の3人が集まって、仏教の根本問題を語り合い仏教活動を盛んにして仏恩に報いたい。
- The letter started with the greeting at the beginning, followed by an expression of thanks for giving Kukai 'Makashikan' (Mahayana Practice of Cessation and Contemplation) and an apology for not being able to go to Mt.Hiei; additionally it says, 'I would like to get together with you (Saicho) and Shuen (presumably) to talk over the principal issues of Buddhism and spread the Buddhism movement in gratitude for the grace of Buddha.
- 「運上は領主が負担者に命じて納めさせるものであるが、冥加は負担者が領主による冥加である国恩に対する自主的な奉納の体裁を採っていた(もっともそれが本当に自主的であるかどうかは別問題である)」
- 'While Unjo was paid by tax payers according to the order of lords, Myoga was paid voluntarily in the form of an offering for kokuon, Myoga given by the lords (however, it is another matter whether it was really paid voluntarily).'
- 上野隆徳は、備前常山城主として臨済宗豊岳山久昌寺を再興しているが、上野氏の菩提寺であった報恩寺(倉敷市真備町)には、隆徳とその室で三村家親の息女・鶴姫の当時からの位牌が、今も祭られている。
- While Takatoku UENO restored the Hogakusan Kyusho-ji Temple of the Rinzai sect as the lord of the Bizen Tsuneyama-jo Castle, the original ancestral tablets of Takatoku and his wife, Tsuruhime, a daughter of the MIMURA family, are still placed in Hoon-ji Temple, the Ueno clan's family temple (Mabi-cho Kurashiki City).
- 酬恩祭の犠牲に使う雄牛は合わせて二十四、雄羊は六十、雄やぎは六十、一歳の雄の小羊は六十であって、これは祭壇に油を注いだ後に、祭壇奉納の供え物としてささげたものである。 (民数記 7:88)
- and all the cattle for the sacrifice of peace offerings twenty-four bulls, the rams sixty, the male goats sixty, the male lambs a year old sixty. This was the dedication of the altar, after it was anointed. (Numbers 7:88)
- 祭壇の上の火は、そこに燃え続かせ、それを消してはならない。祭司は朝ごとに、たきぎをその上に燃やし、燔祭をその上に並べ、また酬恩祭の脂肪をその上で焼かなければならない。 (レビ記 6:12)
- The fire on the altar shall be kept burning on it, it shall not go out; and the priest shall burn wood on it every morning: and he shall lay the burnt offering in order upon it, and shall burn on it the fat of the peace offerings. (Leviticus 6:12)
- また、そのすべての脂肪は、酬恩祭の犠牲の脂肪と同じように、祭壇の上で焼かなければならない。こうして、祭司が彼のためにその罪のあがないをするならば、彼はゆるされるであろう。 (レビ記 4:26)
- All its fat he shall burn on the altar, like the fat of the sacrifice of peace offerings; and the priest shall make atonement for him concerning his sin, and he will be forgiven. (Leviticus 4:26)
- わたしはイスラエルの人々の酬恩祭の犠牲のうちから、その揺祭の胸と挙祭のももを取って、祭司アロンとその子たちに与え、これをイスラエルの人々から永久に彼らの受くべき分とする。 (レビ記 7:34)
- For the waved breast and the heaved thigh I have taken from the children of Israel out of the sacrifices of their peace offerings, and have given them to Aaron the priest and to his sons as their portion forever from the children of Israel.'' (Leviticus 7:34)
- 同年末、義弘は少弐氏討伐を命じられ、筑前国で戦い弟の大内満弘が討死するがその子への恩賞の沙汰が無く不満を募らせ、更に義満が裏で少弐氏と菊地氏に義弘を討つように命じていたとの噂があり憤慨していた。
- At the end of that same year (1397) Yoshihiro was ordered to strike down the Shoni clan, and began fighting with them in Chikuzen Province only to lose his younger brother Mitsuhiro OUCHI in battle, and worse still, no order was given to reward the fallen Mitsuhiro's son for his father's sacrifice, only increasing Yoshihiro's discontent; but what provoked his indignation still more was the rumor that Yoshimitsu had secretly commanded the Shoni and Kikuchi clans to strike down Yoshihiro.
- 1284年に弘安の徳政、さらに1297年に永仁の徳政令を実施して没落する御家人の救済を図ったが、恩賞不足や商人が御家人への金銭貸し出しを渋るなど、かえって御家人の不満と混乱を招く結果に終わった。
- The bakufu did try to save such financially ruined gokenin by ordering two rounds of debt forgiveness, the 1284 Koan Tokusei ('benevolent rule,' a euphemism for the mass forgiving of debts) and then the 1297 Einin Tokusei, but as they could not provide sufficient rewards and yet were reluctant to allow merchants to loan money to gokenin, the bakufu's efforts only ended up exacerbating disgruntlement among the gokenin, inviting further chaos and disorder.
- 執権北条時宗の代に2度に渡る元寇があり、鎌倉幕府はこれを撃退したが、他国との戦役であり新たに領土を得たわけではなかったため、十分な恩賞を与えることができず、これもまた武士たちの不満を強めさせた。
- During the time of the regent Tokimune HOJO, Japan was twice invaded by the Mongols, and although the Kamakura bakufu managed to repel both invasions, it was an international conflict and thus there was no enemy land to confiscate and award to their soldiers, leaving them unable to provide suitable rewards, something that only strengthened malcontent among the warrior class.
- 一説によると、本能寺の変の際、堺市から三河国へ帰国する家康に同行した河内の土豪で、家康の警護をした恩賞として、旧領復帰(2,000石)と加増(2,000石)で4,000石の旗本になったともいう。
- According to a theory, it is also thought that Kiemon Masafusa KAINOSHO was a local clan in Kawachi that was appointed as hatamoto of 4000 koku (2000 of them was the regain of the former territory and the rest 2000 was a raise) as a reward for having served as Ieyasu's guard.
- 文久9年(1272年)(親鸞入滅より10年後)、親鸞の弟子たちの協力を得た覚信尼により、「大谷」の地より吉水の北辺(現、崇泰院(そうたいいん)〔知恩院塔頭〕付近)に改葬し「大谷廟堂」を建立する。
- In 1272 (10 years after Shinran's death), with the help of Shinran's followers, Kakushinni moved the tomb of Shinran at 'Otani' to the north of Yoshimizu (near the present Sotai-in (Chion-in Tacchu)) and constructed a hall called 'Otani byodo.'
- そしてその人は供え物を主にささげなければならない。すなわち、一歳の雄の小羊の全きもの一頭を燔祭とし、一歳の雌の小羊の全きもの一頭を罪祭とし、雄羊の全きもの一頭を酬恩祭とし、 (民数記 6:14)
- and he shall offer his offering to Yahweh, one male lamb a year old without blemish for a burnt offering, and one ewe lamb a year old without blemish for a sin offering, and one ram without blemish for peace offerings, (Numbers 6:14)
- いまご逝去の報に接し、天下はみな悲しんでいるが、朝夕法皇の徳に慣れ、法皇の恩によって名利を得た輩はなおさらである」形式的な悲しみの言葉を使いながらも、仏教帰依を非難し、近臣の悲しみを嘲笑している。
- The whole nation is in sorrow after hearing about the Emperor's death, especially people who were with the Emperor and were looked after in many ways from morning to night, and who endeavored to achieve a higher position with the Emperor's support,' although the formal words or morning were being used, he criticized the Emperor for becoming a believer in Buddhism and made fun of the sorrow his close aides expressed.
- 経覚は宗派こそ違ったものの、母方の実家である本願寺との関係が深く、7世存如が死去した際には「50年来の知己で無双の恩人あった」と述べて本願寺に弔問の使者を送り、後日自身で大谷本願寺を弔問している。
- Although Kyokaku was not from Hongan-ji Temple school, as his mother came from there he had a strong relationship with Hongan-ji Temple, and when Zonnyo the seventh died he sent a messenger to make a call of condolence to the temple, stating 'Zonnyo was a peerless friend and a benefactor who I have known for fifty years,' and he visited Otani Hongan-ji Temple himself later on.
- 地方町村部では場所により昭和に入る頃まで明かりといえば菜種油で行灯を灯し、郵便や電信など西洋化の恩恵は中々届かず、また長らく江戸後期の伝統や風習が続くなど、生活の変化は遥かに緩やかなものであった。
- In rural conditions of local towns and villages, the transition of the lifestyle was much more gradual and slow as the tradition and customs of the late Edo period lasted far longer; people in some area used paper-shaded lamp using rapeseed oil until the beginning of Showa period, and the benefit of those new Western systems such as a new postal service and telegraph communication were not effectively introduced and utilized until much later years.
- 唐や宋の荘園には不輸不入の権限は存在しなかったものの、皇帝からの恩賜地は租税を減免され、官僚所有の荘園には免役特権が存在したため、農民が重い税負担から逃れるために荘園を官僚に寄進する例も見られた。
- The shoens during the Tang and Sung dynasty did not have the right of tax exemption and the right to keep the tax agents from entering the property, but the lands from the Emperor were exempt from taxation and the shoens owned by bureaucrats had the right of tax exemptions and so some farmers donated their shoens to the bureaucrats so as to escape from heavy tax burden.
- 亀山院政下の弘安7年5月20日 (旧暦)(1284年7月4日)、同年6月25日 (旧暦)(8月7日)に鎮西神領興行回復令が元寇に対する恩賞として出され、売却、質入済の旧神領の無償回復が打ち出された。
- On July 4, 1284 when Cloistered Emperor Kameyama had the virtual reins of government, Chinzei Shinryo Kogyo Kaifukurei (Order to Restore Rituals in Shrine Estates in Kyushu) was issued on August 7 in the same year to reward those who had contributed to the victory against Genko, and recovery of former shrine estates already sold or pledged by then was made possible gratis under this order.
- これはイスラエルの人々から永久に、アロンとその子たちの受くべきささげ物であって、イスラエルの人々の酬恩祭の犠牲の中から受くべきもの、すなわち主にささげるささげ物である。 (出エジプト記 29:28)
- and it shall be for Aaron and his sons as their portion forever from the children of Israel; for it is a wave offering: and it shall be a wave offering from the children of Israel of the sacrifices of their peace offerings, even their wave offering to Yahweh. (Exodus 29:28)
- しかしながら、大日本帝国憲法は国民の権利を、天皇が臣民に与えた「恩恵的権利」と定義し、権利制限の根拠を「法律ニ定メタル場合」「法律ノ範囲内」などのいわゆる「法律の留保」、あるいは「安寧秩序」に求めた。
- However, the Constitution of the Empire of Japan specified that people's rights were 'privileged' ones that were given by the emperor and these rights could be limited 'by the constitution' and only permitted 'within the confines of the law,' in favor of public order and security.
- 真宗は、ただ如来の働きにまかせて(すなわち真実の信心を獲得すれば)、全ての人は往生成仏することが出来るとする教えから、他の宗派と比べ多くの宗教儀式や習俗にとらわれず、報恩謝徳の念仏と聞法を大事にする。
- With its doctrine that everyone can go to Heaven (Ojo jobutsu) only by trusting Nyorai's power (in other words, if acquiring true faith), Shinshu, compared to other sects, is free from many religious exercises and customs, and makes much of nenbutsu and Mombo (learning the teachings of Buddha) for Ho-on Shatoku (gratitude for kindness and virtue).
- 民事上の問題が生じた場合には当事者間の話し合い(相対)による解決が付かない場合にのみ「お上からの恩恵」として仲裁に乗り出すという名目で民事裁判が行われたものであり、民衆を法的に救済する制度ではなかった。
- Only in cases of civil problems which could not be solved by discussion (vis-a-vis) between the people concerned, civil trials were made in the name of arbitration as 'favor from the authorities', therefore, these trials were not an institution that would give the people legal aids.
- 室町幕府は主に御料所などからの収入で財政を維持してきたが、全国的な内乱のために年貢輸送が途絶えたり、あるいは南朝_(日本)軍に占領されたり、自軍への恩賞に回されたりしてその範囲は小さくなる一方であった。
- The Muromachi bakufu managed to finance its budgets by the income from goryosho (the Imperial or shogunate's estate), whose areas were dwindling because the transportation of nengu (land tax such as rice) was disturbed by civil wars across the country, and some goryosho were occupied by the Southern Court's army which were used to reward their soldiers.
- 第2次世界大戦後は金戒光明寺を中心とした黒谷浄土宗、知恩院を中心とする本派浄土宗(浄土宗本派)が分立するが、昭和36年(1961年)の法然750年忌を機に浄土宗本派が復帰、16年後に黒谷浄土宗も復帰した。
- After World War, Kurodani Jodoshu, based in Konkaikonmyo-ji Temple, and Honpa Jodoshu (Jodoshu Honpa), based in Chion-in, became independent, but in 1961, when a memorial ceremony for the 750th anniversary of Honen's death was held, Jodoshu Honpa returned and Kurodani Jodoshu also returned 16 years later.
- あなたがたは定めの祭の時に、これらのものを主にささげなければならない。これらはあなたがたの誓願、または自発の供え物としてささげる燔祭、素祭、灌祭および酬恩祭のほかのものである』」。 (民数記 29:39)
- ''You shall offer these to Yahweh in your set feasts, besides your vows, and your freewill offerings, for your burnt offerings, and for your meal offerings, and for your drink offerings, and for your peace offerings.'' (Numbers 29:39)
- この寺の前身は正応年間(1288年~1293年)南浦紹明が開いた妙勝寺で、元弘年間(1331年~1334年)に兵火にあって衰退していたのを、1456年(康正2年)一休宗純が草庵を結んで中興し酬恩庵と号した。
- The antecedent of this temple was Myosho-ji Temple, which was started by Shomyo NANPO during the Shoo era (1288 - 1293), and after the temple was destroyed by a fire resulting from a war during the Genko era (1331 - 1334), Ikkyu Sojun rebuilt it as a thatched hut in 1456 and called it Shuon-an Temple.
- 恩赦状の送付を受けた検察官は、自ら上申をしたものであるときは、直ちにこれを本人に交付し、その他の場合においては、速やかにこれを上申をした者に送付し、上申をした者は、直ちにこれを本人に交付しなければならない。
- The public prosecutor to whom a certificate of pardon has been sent shall, in cases where it concerns a person whose pardon the prosecutor him/herself petitioned for, deliver it immediately to the person in question, and in other cases, promptly send it to the person who submitted the petition; and the person who petition shall in turn deliver it immediately to the person in question.
- また、「称名報恩」については、「その上の称名念仏は、如来わが往生を定めたまいし御恩報尽の念仏とこころうべきなり」(同、5帖目10通)と、浄土真宗の称名念仏は、如来に救いとられたお礼の言葉であると述べている。
- Regarding 'Shomyo Ho-on,' he mentioned 'On that basis, we should be aware that Shomyo nenbutsu is Buddhist invocation to appreciate the kindness (Go-on Hojin) that Nyorai decided that we could go to Heaven.' (ib. book5, chapter10), which means that Shomyo nenbutsu in Jodo Shinshu are words of gratitude for Nyorai's salvation.
- 天保9年10月(1838年11月~12月)のある夜、時の知恩院門主であった尊超入道親王が、夢の中で白鶴の群れが一心院の裏山に飛来する光景を見て吉祥と感じ、当時山号のなかった一心院に「郡仙山」の山号を名付けた。
- A night in November to December of 1838, priestly Imperial Prince Soncho, who was then the head priest of Chion-in, had a dream in which a bevy of swans flew to the small mountain at the back of Isshin-in; he believed it was a good omen, and thus gave Isshin-in Temple the sango 'Gunsenzan,' since it had no other.
- 区内には内外の観光客が多く集まる著名社寺や観光地が多く、東福寺、泉涌寺、三十三間堂、智積院、京都国立博物館、妙法院、清水寺、六波羅蜜寺、建仁寺、高台寺、祇園地区、八坂神社、円山公園、知恩院、青蓮院などがある。
- There are prominent temples and sightseeing spots that attract many tourists from both inside and outside of Higashiyama Ward, including Tofuku-ji Temple, Senyu-ji Temple, Sanjusangendo Temple, Chishaku-in Temple, Kyoto National Museum, Myoho-in Temple, Kiyomizu-dera Temple, Rokuharamitsu-ji Temple, Kennin-ji Temple, Kodai-ji Temple, the Gion districts, Yasaka-jinja Shrine, Maruyama Park, Chion-in Temple, and Shoren-in Temple.
- もしその酬恩祭の犠牲の肉を三日目に少しでも食べるならば、それは受け入れられず、また供え物と見なされず、かえって忌むべき物となるであろう。そしてそれを食べる者はとがを負わなければならない。 (レビ記 7:18)
- If any of the flesh of the sacrifice of his peace offerings is eaten on the third day, it will not be accepted, neither shall it be imputed to him who offers it. It will be an abomination, and the soul who eats any of it will bear his iniquity. (Leviticus 7:18)
- やがて彼らの土地の保証は源氏、平家といった、貴種に連なる上級武家に委ねられ、下級、中級の武士は「給人」と呼ばれて、主君から恩給された土地の見返りに、平時、戦時における主君への軍事的奉仕を行う構造が出来上がった。
- Later, the higher ranking samurai families such as the Minamoto clan or the Taira family, which had relationships with persons of noble birth were entrusted to warrant the local nobles their developed lands, and a system was established in which middle and lower ranking samurai were called 'kyunin' who offered military services to the lord not only in peacetime but also in wartime in exchange for the land which the lord granted them as stipend.
- 元来は、オスマン帝国が恩恵的にフランス、オランダ、イギリスに対して与えていたカピチュレーションの制度において、治外法権その他を認めていたものだが、産業革命以後は西欧経済圏への従属を企図したものに変質していった。
- Originally, an unequal treaty was to approve extraterritoriality and other conditions in the capitulation system which was beneficially given to France, the Netherland and the United Kingdom by the Ottoman Empire, but such treaties gradually transformed into ones aiming for subordination to the Western European economic zone after the Industrial Revolution.
- 一方、師直は、武士たちが幕府に敵対したり南朝側についたりしないよう、十分な恩賞を与える必要を感じ、守護・地頭やその配下という形で公家や寺社の荘園を実際に管理している武家が土地支配者となるべきであると考えていた。
- On the other hand, Moronao felt it necessary to give sufficient reward to bushi to prevent them from confronting the bakufu or supporting the Southern Court, and thought that buke who had been the actual managers of the shoen of kuge, temples and shrines as shugo (constable) or jito (land steward) should become the landlord.
- また人がもしすべて汚れたもの、すなわち人の汚れ、あるいは汚れた獣、あるいは汚れた這うものに触れながら、主にささげた酬恩祭の犠牲の肉を食べるならば、その人は民のうちから断たれるであろう』」。 (レビ記 7:21)
- When anyone touches any unclean thing, the uncleanness of man, or an unclean animal, or any unclean abomination, and eats some of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which belong to Yahweh, that soul shall be cut off from his people.'' (Leviticus 7:21)
- かつて加賀一向一揆が守護富樫政親を攻め滅ぼした際に征夷大将軍足利義尚が本願寺に討伐令を下そうとしていた折に政元がこれに強く反対して討伐令を撤回させたという経緯があったために、実如は大きな恩義を感じていたのである。
- Formerly, after forces of the Kaga Ikko Ikki (a popular revolt by the Ikko sect) attacked and destroyed the Shugo (provincial constable) Masachika TOGASHI, just as the seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA was preparing to issue an order to destroy Hongan-ji Temple, Masamoto came out strongly against issuing such an order and managed to have the order repealed, and because of this chain of events, Jitsunyo felt a major debt of gratitude towards Masamoto.
- これに対して一介の御家人から室町幕府を創設した足利氏の場合は、南北朝の内乱の中で敵から奪った所領の増加がある一方で恩賞や敵からの略奪による所領の喪失もあり、その御料所の規模は鎌倉幕府のそれよりも遥かに乏しかった。
- On the other hand, the Ashikaga clan, which raised from a mere gokenin to found the Muromachi bakufu, gained the shoryo by depriving the enemies of the shoryo during the Nanbokucho civil war, but lost their shoryo when their shoryo was taken as rewards to the others or was deprived by the enemies -- Consequently, its goryosho (shogunal domain) was far less than that of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 本能寺の変前年に光秀が記した『明智家法』によれば、『自分は石ころのような身分から信長様にお引き立て頂き、過分の御恩を頂いた。一族家臣は子孫に至るまで信長様への御奉公を忘れてはならない』という趣旨の文を書いている。
- In Mitsuhide's writings 'Akechi-kaho' (family rules of the Akechi clan) written one year before the incident, Mitsuhide wrote a sentence that reads 'I was set up in the world by Nobunaga from the status like a pebble and I owe him a lot. My family and vassals including their descendents should not forget to serve to Nobunaga.'
- 室町幕府の財政は幕府直轄の御料所からの収入が主であったが、南北朝の戦乱の際に敵対する南朝側より狙われて奪取されたり、自軍への恩賞にされてしまうケースも多く、鎌倉幕府や江戸幕府に比べて小規模であったと考えられている。
- The majority of the financial income of Muromachi Bakufu came from Goryo-sho (御料所), which was directly controlled by Bakufu; but often, during the war of the Northern and Southern Courts, the Goryo-sho became a target and were taken by the opposing Nancho side, or were given away as rewards for one's own army, and the scale of Goryo-sho is considered to be smaller than that of Kamakura Bakufu or Edo Bakufu.
- 元和 (日本)元年(1615年)に寺院諸法度の一環として浄土宗法度が制定され、知恩院が門跡寺院・第一位の本山とされ、増上寺はこれより下位に置かれたものの、「大本山」の称号と宗務行政官庁である「総録所」が設置された。
- In 1615 Jodoshu hatto was established as one of the rules of Jiin shohatto, in which Chion-in was recognized as the head temple, and Zojo-ji Temple was given the name of Daihonzan and Sorokusho (a government office of religion) was founded there although it had a lower position than Chion-in.
- あなたはわたしのために土の祭壇を築き、その上にあなたの燔祭、酬恩祭、羊、牛をささげなければならない。わたしの名を覚えさせるすべての所で、わたしはあなたに臨んで、あなたを祝福するであろう。 (出エジプト記 20:24)
- You shall make an altar of earth for me, and shall sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and your peace offerings, your sheep and your cattle. In every place where I record my name I will come to you and I will bless you. (Exodus 20:24)
- これはイスラエルの人々に、彼らが野のおもてでほふるのを常としていた犠牲を主のもとにひいてこさせ、会見の幕屋の入口におる祭司のもとにきて、これを主にささげる酬恩祭の犠牲としてほふらせるためである。 (レビ記 17:5)
- This is to the end that the children of Israel may bring their sacrifices, which they sacrifice in the open field, that they may bring them to Yahweh, to the door of the Tent of Meeting, to the priest, and sacrifice them for sacrifices of peace offerings to Yahweh. (Leviticus 17:5)
- (富田流や一刀流など、念流の開祖は念阿弥慈恩、また馬庭念流の樋口家に伝わる古文書に、念阿弥慈恩の弟子として「中条判官」や「猿御前」という名が記されているが、念流では中条判官は中条兵庫頭、猿御前は愛洲移香斎と伝えている)
- (The founder of the Nen-ryu School, as well as the Toda-ryu School and the Itto-ryu School, was Jion NENAMI. While 'Chujo hangan' and 'Saru gozen' were described as Jion NENAMI's disciples in the ancient document handed down in the Higuchi family of the Maniwanen-ryu School, the Nen-ryu School believes the former was Chujo Hyogo no kami and the latter was Ikosai AISU)
- 遠平は平氏討伐の恩賞として平氏家人沼田氏の旧領であった安芸国沼田荘(ぬたのしょう、現在の広島県三原市本郷町付近)の地頭職を拝領し、これを譲られた養子・小早川景平(実父は平賀義信であったとされる。)が、安芸国に移住した。
- Tohira was given the position of Jitoshiki (manager and lord of a private estate) when he received the Nutanosho estate in Aki Province (current Mihara City, Hiroshima Prefecture), the former territory of the Nuta clan who were the housemen of the Taira clan, as a reward; and the adopted child Kagehira KOBAYAKAWA (whose biological father was believed to be Yoshinobu HIRAGA) moved to the Aki Province.
- こうした誤りの原因として、第二次大戦後に、金戒光明寺を中心とした黒谷浄土宗、知恩院を中心とす浄土宗本派が浄土宗から分立するが、昭和36年(1961年)に浄土宗本派が復帰、昭和52年(1977年)に黒谷浄土宗も復帰した。
- This mistake was discovered after the Second World War when the Kurodani Pure Land Sect centered around Konkaikomyo-ji Temple and the Honpa Pure Land Sect centered around Chion-in Temple separated from the Pure Land Sect before the Honpa Pure Land Sect returned in 1961 and the Kurodani Pure Land Sect returned in 1977.
- 河内源氏は鎌倉幕府樹立の過程で治承の戦いの際に恩賞などの形で獲得した旧伊勢平氏知行国のうち9ヶ国(下総国・上総国・武蔵国・相模国・伊豆国・越後国・信濃国・駿河国・豊後国)及び没官領となった500ヶ所以上の荘園を獲得した。
- The Kawachi Genji received nine provinces (Shimousa Province, Kazusa Province, Musashi Province, Sagami Province, Izu Province, Echigo Province, Shinano Province, Suruga Province, Bungo Province) among those that had been the Ise Heishi's chigyokoku, and 500 or more shoen, that had been mokkan ryo (confiscated lands) -- All of them were received as rewards in the Jisho no ran (Jisho civil war, 1180) in the process of establishing the Kamakura bakufu (military government of Kamakura).
- 生きて身を はちすの上にやどさずば 念佛まうす 甲斐やなからん(大いなる慈悲の中に、煩悩多き私であっても日々つつまれていることに目覚め、それに感謝歓喜をし、大いなるお慈悲の恩に報いながら、今というものを、力つよくあゆむ)
- With the awakening to great mercy that embraces me everyday despite my worldly desires, I will powerfully live in the present while thanking for it and repaying the indefinite debt to great mercy.
- こうした武家の棟梁に対する恩賞は、所領を棟梁から家人へ分け与える一方、棟梁自らはさらなる勢力拡大のために収入の多い国の国司職や、中央政界における地位向上につながる位階の昇叙、御所への昇殿などを獲得するよう積極的に運動した。
- While Buke no toryo distributed territories to their kenin, they actively sought to become kokushi, which would provide them both handsome income, or to obtain a higher rank, which would lead higher grade in the central government, or to access to the Imperial Palace to advance their political status in the Imperial Court.
- 「一つには冥衆護持の益、二つには至徳具足の益、三つには転悪成善の益、四つには諸仏護念の益、五つには諸仏称讃の益、六つには心光常護の益、七つには心多歓喜の益、八つには知恩報徳の益、九つには常行大悲の益、十には正定聚に入る益なり。」
- They are as follows; the first benefit of being protected by unseen divinities, the second one of attaining the utmost virtue, the third one of transforming all one's evils into good, the fourth one of being protected by all Buddhas, the fifth one of being praised by all Buddhas, the sixth one of being constantly protected by Amida's spiritual light, the seventh one of having much joy in mind, the eighth one of acknowledging Amida's benevolence and responding in gratitude to his virtue, the ninth one of constant practicing great compassion, and the last one of entering 'shojoju' (those guaranteed to be born in the Pure Land).
- 小判に対し、大判(大判金)も江戸時代を通して発行されていたが、大判は一般通貨ではなく、恩賞、贈答用のもので金一枚(四十四匁)という基準でつくられ、計数貨幣としてではなく、品位と量目および需要を基に大判大判相場によって取引された。
- As opposed to koban, oban (obankin) (large-sized old Japanese gold coin) were also issued through the Edo period, it was not general currency but as reward grants and gifts in the standard of kin 1 mai (44 monme) and was traded not as counting currency but as oban market rate based of the karat, ryome and demand.
- 太閤記や佐久間軍記などでは、和議の時点ですでに毛利氏は本能寺の変の発生を知っていたとして描かれており、小早川隆景が「信長に代わって天下を治めるのは秀吉であるから、今のうちに恩を売るべきである」として和議を支持する進言をしている。
- In Taikoki and Sakuma Gunki, it is described that the Mori clan already knew about the occurrence of Honnoji Incident at the time of negotiations for peace, and Takakage KOBAYAKAWA proposed 'Because Hideyoshi will govern the country after Nobunaga, we should put Hideyoshi under an obligation at this stage.' supporting negotiations for peace.
- 保津川に面した公園の南の入り口に中華人民共和国の国務院総理を務めた周恩来が、京都留学中に嵐山で作ったと言われる「雨中嵐山」の詩を刻んだ石碑があり、中国の要人が関西を訪問した際にこの碑を訪れることが多く、中国人観光客の訪問も多い。
- At its south entrance facing the Hozu-gawa River there is a stone monument with an inscription of a poem called 'Uchu Ranzan' (literally, 'rainy Arashiyama') written by Enlai ZHOU, the former Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, when he was studying in Kyoto so Chinese dignitaries often visit this monument when they come to the Kansai area, and many Chinese tourists visit here.
- これは主のしもべモーセがイスラエルの人々に命じたことにもとづき、モーセの律法の書にしるされているように、鉄の道具を当てない自然のままの石の祭壇であって、人々はその上で、主に燔祭をささげ、酬恩祭を供えた。 (ヨシュア記 8:31)
- as Moses the servant of Yahweh commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of uncut stones, on which no man had lifted up any iron. They offered burnt offerings on it to Yahweh, and sacrificed peace offerings. (Joshua 8:31)
- 『金光明経』長者子流水品には、釈迦仏の三世であった流水(るすい)長者が、大きな池で水が涸渇して死にかけた無数の魚たちを助けて説法をして放生したところ、魚たちは三十三天に転生して流水長者に感謝報恩したというジャータカが説かれている。
- In Rusui choja (sresthin 'Flowing Water') chapter of the 'Konkomyo-kyo Sutra' (Golden Light Sutra), there is a Jataka tale (Buddhist Tale) that tells how when Sakyamuni Buddha's previous incarnation, Rusui choja, helped countless fish that faced death when a large lake dried up and released them to safety, the fish were reincarnated into the Heaven of the Thirty-three Celestials and repaid Rusui choja for his kindness.
- またそのすべての脂肪は酬恩祭の犠牲から脂肪を取るのと同じように取り、これを祭壇の上で焼いて主にささげる香ばしいかおりとしなければならない。こうして祭司が彼のためにあがないをするならば、彼はゆるされるであろう。 (レビ記 4:31)
- All its fat he shall take away, like the fat is taken away from off of the sacrifice of peace offerings; and the priest shall burn it on the altar for a pleasant aroma to Yahweh; and the priest shall make atonement for him, and he will be forgiven. (Leviticus 4:31)
- この思想が広まり始めるのは奈良時代にはいってからで、このころの思想は平安中期以降のように自分が死後極楽浄土に往生するいうものを願ったのではなく、もっぱら死んだ方を追善する慰霊あるいは自分の両親の報恩的な性格のものとして捉えられていた。
- It was during the Nara period that this concept became known widely, and people did not desire to be reborn in Gokuraku-Jodo (the Pure Land paradise) after their death, but they mostly considered that the concept would be for offering memorial services for the dead or for consoling spirits or for repaying their parents' kindness.
- 続く平治の乱では、「多田蔵人大夫頼範」(頼盛の誤伝か)なる人物が藤原信頼・源義朝方として三条殿襲撃に加わり、戦後恩賞として摂津守に任官されたことが『平治物語』にみえているが、その他の史料における所見はなく、多田源氏の動向は詳らかではない。
- According to 'Heiji Monogatari' (The tale of the Heiji), in the Heiji Disturbance, 'Tada kurodo dayu Yorinori (maybe a misunderstanding of Yorimori)' supported the Nobuyori FUJIWARA and Yoshitomo MINAMOTO side to attack Sanjo Palace together, so that he was appointed as governor of Settsu Province as a reward after the war, while it is unclear about the clan at that time as other historical materials do not mention Tada-Genji.
- なお、流罪の場合でも非常赦と呼ばれる特別な恩赦が出ない限りは生涯流刑地から離れることは許されず、また死刑の際に付随される親族の連坐や除名、資財田宅の没官は宥免されなかったことから、当時の社会においては社会的に完全に抹殺される効果はあった。
- In the case of banishment, it was not permitted to leave the place where one was banished for life unless special amnesty called hijosha was granted, and family members could not be pardoned from guilt-by-association, also, expulsion, and impounding of assets and farm/housing land that went along with the death sentence, which effectively and entirely denied their social existence in those times.
- 前住者の二条晴良・昭実(妻は信長の養女)父子は直前に信長のはからいにより報恩寺の新邸に移徒して(『言経卿記』)空き家となっていたので、信長が上洛したときの宿所とするため、この旧二条邸を譲り受けて改修することを京都所司代の村井貞勝に命じた。
- It was vacant because Nobunaga, jus prior to his visit, had arranged for the previous occupants, father and son Haruyoshi and Akizane NIJO (whose wife was an adopted daughter of Nobunaga) to move to a new mansion near Hoon-ji Temple (Tokitsunekyoki); Nobunaga ordered Sadakatsu MURAI, the Kyoto Shoshidai, to take possession of it and renovate it so that Nobunaga could stay in it while in the capital.
- また揺り動かした胸とささげたももとは、あなたとあなたのむすこ、娘たちがこれを清い所で食べなければならない。これはイスラエルの人々の酬恩祭の犠牲の中からあなたの分、あなたの子たちの分として与えられるものだからである。 (レビ記 10:14)
- The waved breast and the heaved thigh you shall eat in a clean place, you, and your sons, and your daughters with you: for they are given as your portion, and your sons' portion, out of the sacrifices of the peace offerings of the children of Israel. (Leviticus 10:14)
- もし人が特別の誓願をなすため、または自発の供え物のために、牛または羊を酬恩祭の犠牲として、主にささげようとするならば、その受け入れられるために、それは全きものでなければならない。それには、どんなきずもあってはならない。 (レビ記 22:21)
- Whoever offers a sacrifice of peace offerings to Yahweh to accomplish a vow, or for a freewill offering, of the herd or of the flock, it shall be perfect to be accepted; no blemish shall be therein. (Leviticus 22:21)
- またそのすべての脂肪は酬恩祭の犠牲から小羊の脂肪を取るのと同じように取り、祭司はこれを主にささげる火祭のように祭壇の上で焼かなければならない。こうして祭司が彼の犯した罪のためにあがないをするならば、彼はゆるされるであろう。 (レビ記 4:35)
- All its fat he shall take away, like the fat of the lamb is taken away from the sacrifice of peace offerings; and the priest shall burn them on the altar, on the offerings of Yahweh made by fire; and the priest shall make atonement for him concerning his sin that he has sinned, and he will be forgiven. (Leviticus 4:35)
- 『報恩講私記』、『本願寺聖人伝絵』(『御伝鈔』・『親鸞伝絵』)、『執持鈔(しゅうじしょう)』、『口伝鈔』(くでんしょう)、『改邪鈔』(がいじゃしょう)など多数撰述し、法然の正統な後継者としての親鸞と浄土真宗内における本願寺教団の優位性を主張した。
- While writing many books, including, but not limited to 'Hoon-ko Shiki' (Buddhist sutra for Hoon-ko (a memorial services for Shinran)), 'Hongan-ji Shonin Dene' (Buddhist picture scrolls painted about the life of Shinran), ('Godensho' (description of Honganji Shonin Denne (Buddhist picture scrolls painted about the life of Shinran)), 'Shinran Dene'), 'Shuji Sho' ('On Embracing the Name'), 'Kuden Sho' ('What Shinran Taught') and 'Gaija Sho' ('Setting the Claims Straight'), he constantly asserted that Shinran was the legitimate successor of Honen and that the religious order of Hongan-ji should have a leading role in Jodo Shinshu.
- われわれが祭壇を築いたことが、もし主に従うことをやめるためであり、またその上に、燔祭、素祭をささげるためであり、あるいはまたその上に、酬恩祭の犠牲をささげるためであったならば、主みずから、その罪を問いただしてください。 (ヨシュア記 22:23)
- that we have built us an altar to turn away from following Yahweh; or if to offer burnt offering or meal offering, or if to offer sacrifices of peace offerings, let Yahweh himself require it. (Joshua 22:23)
- これらは分轄相続によって、個々には弱小化してしまった小領主たる武士達が、他の勢力に飲み込まれないために、協力してまとまった勢力をつくりあげ、ひとつの武士団として戦に参加し、恩賞を得ようというものであり、「白旗一揆」や「桔梗一揆」はその旗印を名前とした。
- These small feudal bushi lords that weakened individually due to divided inheritance unified together to form a force that would not be pushed down by other forces, joined the battle as one bushidan to gain reward, and names of 'Shirahata Ikki' and 'Kikyo Ikki' came from the emblem on flags.
- 公署は旧台北市役所(現在の中華民国行政院)に設置され、国民政府代表の陳儀、葛敬恩、柯遠芬、黄朝琴、游弥堅、宋斐如、李万居の他、台湾住民代表として林献堂、陳炘、林茂生、日本側代表として安藤利吉及び諫山春樹が参加し、ここに日本による台湾統治は終焉を迎えた。
- The administrative office was established in the former Taipei municipal office (today's Executive Yuan of the Republic of China) and with Yi CHEN, Jing-en GE, Yuan-fen KE, Chao-qin HUANG, Mi-jian YOU, Fei-ju SUNG and Wan-ju LI representing the National government, Xiantang LIN, Xin CHEN and Mao-sheng LIN on behalf of the residents of Taiwan and Rikichi ANDO and Haruki ISAYAMA representing Japan, the ruling of Taiwan by Japan ended.
- 特赦、特定の者に対する減刑、刑の執行の免除又は特定の者に対する復権があったときは、法務大臣は、中央更生保護審査会をして、有罪の言渡しをした裁判所に対応する検察庁の検察官に特赦状、減刑状、刑の執行の免除状又は復権状(以下「恩赦状」という。)を送付させる。
- When a special pardon, commutation of a sentence with respect to a specific person, remission of execution of a sentence or restoration of rights with respect to a specific person has been granted, the Minister of Justice shall have the National Offenders Rehabilitation Commission send the certificates of special pardon, of commutation of sentence, of remission of execution of sentence, or of restoration of rights (hereinafter referred to as 'the certificate of pardon'), to a public prosecutor of the public prosecutors office corresponding to the court which rendered the judgment of conviction.
- また建物自体も、本館、表門(正門)、同札売場及び袖塀が1969年(昭和44年)、「旧帝国京都博物館」として国の重要文化財に指定されており、技術資料参考館(旧恩賜京都博物館陳列品収納用倉庫)が2008年(平成20年)、国の登録有形文化財に登録されている。
- For its buildings, the main hall, the front gate (main gate), the ticket office and sodebei (outside wall) were designated as important cultural properties in 1969 as 'the Former Imperial Museum of Kyoto,' and the Technical Materials Center (Kyu Onshi Kyoto Hakubutsukan Chinretsuhin Shunoyo Soko) was designated as a national cultural facility in 2008.
- 関ヶ原の戦いに伴う出羽合戦の恩賞で加増され、置賜郡を除く現在の山形県全土と秋田県由利本荘市周辺(1602年、佐竹氏との領土交換により雄勝郡・平鹿郡と引き換えた)を手に入れ、計57万石(実高は100万石とも称する)を領する大大名になり、二度目の最盛期を迎える。
- He gained more territories as a reward for the Battle of Dewa in the Keicho era, which was associated with the Battle of Sekigahara, gained the current whole Yamagata Prefecture and Yurihonjo City, Akita Prefecture (which were replaced by Ogachi County and Hiraka County by agreement with the Satake clan in 1602), became Daidaimyo (a feudal lord having a greater stipend) with a total fief of 570,000 koku (the actual yield was considered 1,000,000 koku) and reached the high watermark again.
- もっとも当時の有力な集団の1つであった親鸞の教団はその没後に浄土真宗として事実上独立することとなりこの4流には含まれておらず、他にも嵯峨 (京都市)二尊院の湛空や知恩院を再興した源智、一念義を唱えた幸西など4流に加わらずに独自の教団を構成した集団が乱立した。
- These four sects do not include Shinran's sect, one of the strongest sects at that time, which became independent as Jodo Shinshu after he died. Other independent sects were founded left and right by other priests such as Tanku of Nison-in Temple in Saga (Kyoto), Genchi who revived Chion-in Temple and Kosei who introduced Ichinen-gi.
- 表は大きく分けると、天皇の元服、立后、立太子や朔旦冬至などの慶事に奉られる賀表(がひょう)、天皇から皇親への譲位や封戸・随身などの特権など天皇から賜る恩恵を辞退する際に奉られる抗表(こうひょう)、官職辞任・致仕する際に奉られる辞表(じひょう)の3種類があった。
- There were three major different types of Hyo: Gahyo (handed at celebratory occasions such as Emperor's Genpuku [coming of age], investitures of the Empress or the Crown Prince and Sakutan Toji [celebration when the winter solstice falls on November 1 of the lunar calendar. Once in 19 years, this is an auspicious day and has been celebrated at the court]), Kohyo (handed when the Emperor's family members wished to decline the Emperor's offer of abdication of the throne or people to decline the offers of privileges such as Fuko [salary] or Zuishin [having bodyguards]) and Jihyo (handed when people wished to resign or leave their government posts).
- 前項の命令は、判決確定の日から六箇月以内にこれをしなければならない。但し、上訴権回復若しくは再審の請求、非常上告又は恩赦の出願若しくは申出がされその手続が終了するまでの期間及び共同被告人であつた者に対する判決が確定するまでの期間は、これをその期間に算入しない。
- The order set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be rendered within six months from the date when the judgment becomes final and binding; provided, however, that, where a request to restore the right to appeal or a request for a retrial, an extraordinary appeal, or an application or request for a pardon is made, the period before these proceedings have finished shall not be included in this period. Neither shall the period before the judgment becomes final nor binding for persons who are co-defendants be included in this period.
- また元の侵攻は阻止したものの、今までの幕府の戦争と違い全くの外国が相手であったため、この戦いによって実質的に獲得したものは何も無く、そのため出征した武士(御家人)への恩賞の支払いが少なかったこともあって、「いざ鎌倉」といった幕府と御家人との信頼関係を損ねる結果となる。
- And although the bakufu managed to fend off the Mongol invasions, these two battles were unlike any previous conflicts in that the enemy was from a genuinely foreign country, meaning that no land to speak of had been confiscated and thus that there was very little with which to reward the warriors (gokenin) who had fought to repulse the invaders, which led to a souring of the relationship between the bakufu and its gokenin, who had faithfully responded to the bakufu's emergency summons.
- 義弘は将軍家からの御恩の深さを感謝しながらも、今川了俊に従軍しての九州での戦い、明徳の乱、南北朝合一、少弐氏退治での自らの功績を述べ、それにも関わらず将軍家は和泉国と紀伊国を取り上げようとし、また先年の少弐氏との戦いで討ち死にした弟の満弘の子への恩賞がない不満を述べる。
- Yoshihiro said that he remained grateful for the deep favor the shogunal family had bestowed on him, but also listed his own accomplishments in the battles in Kyushu joining forces with Ryoshun IMAGAWA, in the Meitoku rebellion, in unifying the Southern and Northern Courts, and in the annihilation of the Shoni family before pointing out his dissatisfaction that despite these deeds, the Ashikaga family was trying to remove Izumi and Kii Provinces from his governance, and the fact that his nephew, the son of his younger brother Mitsuhiro - who had died in battle during the recent campaign against the Shoni family - had received no reward for his father's service.
- 平安時代の『小右記』によれば、朝廷の会議での多数意見が関白藤原頼通の反対によって否認されて頼通が支持した少数意見による方策が実施されたケースがあり、時代が下って鎌倉幕府でも評定衆が全員一致で反対した日蓮に対する恩赦が決裁者である執権北条時宗によって実施されたケースがある。
- According to the 'Shoyuki (Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke)' in the Heian period, there was a case where the major opinion in the conference of the Imperial court was denied by the opposition of FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, a chief adviser to the Emperor, and another minor opinion supported by Yorimichi was implemented, and in another case more recently, amnesty for Nichiren, which was opposed by all hyojoshu (chamber of government affairs and justice) in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), was implemented by Tokimune HOJO, a regent to the shogunate, who was the odd man.
- あなたはわたしに先立ってギルガルに下らなければならない。わたしはあなたのもとに下っていって、燔祭を供え、酬恩祭をささげるでしょう。わたしがあなたのもとに行って、あなたのしなければならない事をあなたに示すまで、七日のあいだ待たなければならない」。 (サムエル記上 10:8)
- 'You shall go down before me to Gilgal; and behold, I will come down to you, to offer burnt offerings, and to sacrifice sacrifices of peace offerings: you shall wait seven days, until I come to you, and show you what you shall do.' (1 Samuel 10:8)
- 『日本書紀』の皇極天皇元年(642年)7月12日 (旧暦)「乙亥 饗百濟使人大佐平智積等於朝 或本云 百濟使人大佐平智積及兒達率 闕名 恩率軍善乃命健兒相撲於翹岐前」にあるとおり百済の王族の使者をもてなすため、健児(こんでい・ちからひと)に相撲を取らせたことが書かれている。
- The 'Nihonshoki' states 'The emperor entertained ambassadors from Paekche including Chishaku TAISAHEI at the Imperial Court, and he told strong men to have sumo matches in front of Gyogi,' kondei (regular soldiers guarding kokubu (ancient provincial offices)) had sumo matches to entertain a royal envoy from Paekche on August 15, 642.
- この御家人制は平安時代以降の土地制度である荘園公領制に立脚した守護地頭制に由来し、御家人に対して先祖伝来の所領の地頭に任命する本領安堵、また武功に対して新たに地頭に人目し所領を与える新恩給与による御恩を受ける代わりに鎌倉殿の課す軍役や京都大番役、鎌倉番役を課す奉公によって成立している。
- The lower-ranking vassal system originated from the Shugo and Jito system based on shoen koryo sei (system of public lands and private estates) which was the land system after the Heian period, and it consisted of honryo-ando (acknowledgment for inherited estate) where gokenin were appointed to Jito of the territory inherited from the ancestor and military service imposed by Kamakura-dono or the service of Kyoto obanyaku (a job to guard Kyoto) and Kamakura Banyaku (guards of Kamakura), instead of giving a favor by shinon-kyuyo (granting new domains) where Jito was newly given a territory for their deed of valor.
- 北は神宮道から青蓮院に始まり、知恩院、円山公園、八坂神社、神幸道などを経由し、大雲院 (京都市)祇園閣を眺め圓徳院、高台寺、ねねの道、一年坂、二年坂から清水寺までの行路の足元を仄かに照らすさまざまな行灯や催し物を見ながら歩く人々の群れで、早春の東山はしばし賑わい、幻想的な色合いに包まれる。
- Higashiyama in the early spring is enveloped by a fantastic atmosphere, briefly attracting people, who walk, while seeing some events and various lanterns illuminating faintly their feet on the path, starting from Jingumichi road and Shoren-in Temple in the north, via Chion-in Temple, Maruyama Park, Yasaka-jinja Shrine and Shinkomichi road, viewing Daiun-in Temple Gion-kaku (Kyoto), to Entoku-in, Kodai-ji Temple, Nene no Michi (The Path of Nene), Ichinenzaka slope, Ninenzaka slope, and Kiyomizu-dera Temple.
- 冬の陣では出陣させるのは譜代大名のみに限ろうと考えていた徳川家康は、この夏の陣においては豊臣恩顧の大名に敢えて大坂を攻めさせることにより、将来的に徳川家に掛かってくる倫理的な非難を回避しようとしたとされている(江戸時代に徳川家が豊臣家を滅ぼしたことに対する道徳的議論が起こることはなかった。
- It is said that Ieyasu TOKUGAWA thought to use only fudai daimyo (daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) to go into battles of the Fuyu no Jin (Winter Siege of Osaka), while in the Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka) by ordering the daimyo who had been favored by the Toyotomi Family to attack Osaka Castle, he tried to avoid ethical accusation to the Tokugawa Family in later years.
- さらに、親鸞は自らを深く内省することによって、阿弥陀仏が誓願を起こして仏と成ったと『仏説無量寿経』で説かれていることは、「親鸞一人のためであった」と、阿弥陀仏の本願力を自己のもの、つまり我々一人一人のためであったと受け止め、称名念仏は、行 (仏教)ではなく、その報恩謝徳のためであると勧め教化した。
- Moreover, Shinran (founder of the Jodo Shinshu sect) following a conscious effort at deep introspection elucidated a view that, Amitabha took an oath to build Buddhism as preached in the 'Immeasurable Life Buddhist Teachings' which, 'were written as if just for Shinran' and which, for all intents and purposes are read as if applying to each and everyone of us, and are not just Buddhist chants for intoning but a means to express gratitude for Buddha his teachers and dharma.
- また、あなたがたの喜びの日、あなたがたの祝いの時、および月々の第一日には、あなたがたの燔祭と酬恩祭の犠牲をささげるに当って、ラッパを吹き鳴らさなければならない。そうするならば、あなたがたの神は、それによって、あなたがたを覚えられるであろう。わたしはあなたがたの神、主である」。 (民数記 10:10)
- 'Also in the day of your gladness, and in your set feasts, and in the beginnings of your months, you shall blow the trumpets over your burnt offerings, and over the sacrifices of your peace offerings; and they shall be to you for a memorial before your God. I am Yahweh your God.' (Numbers 10:10)
- 第二項に規定する恩赦状の交付及び前項の通知は、これを本人の住居のある地を管轄する保護観察所の長、本人の住居のある地を管轄する裁判所に対応する検察庁の検察官又は本人が収容されている刑事施設(本人が労役場又は監置場に留置されている場合における当該刑事施設を含む。)若しくは少年院の長に嘱託することができる。
- The provision of delivering the certificate of pardon prescribed in paragraph (2) and of issuing the notice set forth in the preceding paragraph may be commissioned to the director of the probation office who has jurisdiction over the area where the residence of the person in question is located, or to a public prosecutor of the public prosecutors office corresponding to the court which has jurisdiction over the area where the residence of the person in question is located, or to the warden of the penal institution (including penal institutions where the person in question is housed in a workhouse or a place of court-ordered confinement) or the superintendent of the juvenile training school in which the person in question is housed.
- 三条はこの中で、天皇に数千年も親しく恵みを受けてきた京都・大坂の人々の動揺と、徳川氏に300年恩恵を受けてきた関東の人々に恨みや失望を与えることの利害得失を比べ、関東の人心に京都・大坂の盛衰や国の興廃がかかっているのであり、京都・大坂を失っても地勢に優れる東京を失わなければ天下を失うことはないと述べた。
- Sanjo compared the advantages and disadvantages from the dismay of the people of Kyoto and Osaka who had received the emperor's kind blessings for over a thousand years, and the animosity and despair that the people of Kanto who had received over the 300 years of favors from the Tokugawa clan, and said that the world would not be lost if Kyoto or Osaka was lost due to the geographically superior Tokyo because the destiny of the country and the rise and fall of Kyoto and Osaka fell upon the hearts of those in Kanto.
- 建武の新政は表面上は復古的であるが、内実は蒙古的な天皇専制を目指し、武家を排除した公家中心の政権運営を敷き、性急な改革、土地訴訟への対応の不備や恩賞の不公平、大内裏建設計画などその施策の大半が各方面、特に武士勢力の不満を呼び、また有名な二条河原の落書に観られるようにその無能を批判され、権威を全く失墜した。
- The Kenmu Restoration appeared to be a reactionary movement, but was in fact an old and ignorant imperial dictatorship, and most of the measures introduced, such as aristocracy-centered political management that excluded the samurai, sudden reforms, inability to handle lawsuits for land, inequality in rewards, and the unreasonable Daidairi Construction Plan, caused discontent in various sectors, especially in the samurai class. As a consequence, criticism of the government for its incompetency grew, as was evidenced in the famous Nijogawara Graffiti, and the government completely lost power over the public.
- ただあなたがたと、われわれとの間、およびわれわれの後の子孫の間に、証拠とならせて、われわれが、燔祭と犠牲、および酬恩祭をもって、主の前で、主につとめをするためである。こうすれば、のちの日になって、あなたがたの子孫が、われわれの子孫に、「あなたがたは主の民の特権がありません」とは言わないであろう』。 (ヨシュア記 22:27)
- but it will be a witness between us and you, and between our generations after us, that we may perform the service of Yahweh before him with our burnt offerings, with our sacrifices, and with our peace offerings;' that your children may not tell our children in time to come, 'You have no portion in Yahweh.' (Joshua 22:27)
- 『百器徒然袋』の解説文に「保元の夜軍に鎌田政清、手がらをなせしも我ゆへなれば、いかなる恩もたぶべきに、手がたをつけんと前輪のあたりつけらるれば、気も魂もきえぎえとなりしとおしみて唄ふ声、いとおもしろく夢のうちにおもいぬ」とあることから、策略によって主君共々殺害された源氏の家臣・鎌田政清が使用していた馬の鞍が変化して生まれた妖怪とされる。
- According to the commentary of 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' containing the description of '保元の夜軍に鎌田政清、手がらをなせしも我ゆへなれば、いかなる恩もたぶべきに、手がたをつけんと前輪のあたりつけらるれば、気も魂もきえぎえとなりしとおしみて唄ふ声、いとおもしろく夢のうちにおもいぬ,' it is regarded that the specter was transmuted from the saddle of Masakiyo KAMATA's horse; Masakiyo, a vassal of the Minamoto clan, was plotted to be killed with his lord.
- 戦国時代になると、大名は主従関係の安定化のため、寄親となった有力武士の権利を保障し、寄子が濫りに寄親を変えることを禁じたり、大名への訴訟は寄親を通じて行うことを命じて、強制力を持たせる一方、寄親が寄子に恩給を与えなかったり、その他寄子に対する不当な扱いを行った場合には寄親を変えさせるなど、寄子を自己の軍事力として確保する政策が取られた。
- In the Sengoku period, in order to stabilize the master-servant relationship, daimyo guaranteed the rights of the dominant samurai who had become Yorioya, prohibited Yoriko from changing Yorioya, and gave Yorioya a legal force by ordering that lawsuits against daimyo should be filed through Yorioya; on the other hand, they adopted a policy to secure Yoriko as their military force by allowing Yoriko change Yorioya if Yorioya didn't give Onkyu (rewards from master to a vassal) or if Yorioya mistreated Yoriko.
- こ の法律は、犯罪をした者及び非行のある少年に対し、社会内において適切な処遇を行うことにより、再び犯罪をすることを防ぎ、又はその非行をなくし、これら の者が善良な社会の一員として自立し、改善更生することを助けるとともに、恩赦の適正な運用を図るほか、犯罪予防の活動の促進等を行い、もって、社会を保 護し、個人及び公共の福祉を増進することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is, with regard to persons who have committed crimes and juvenile delinquents, to prevent them from re-offending or eliminate their delinquencies and assist them to become self-reliant as sound members of society and improve and rehabilitate themselves by treating them properly within society, and to ensure the suitable operation of pardons and promote crime prevention activity, etc., thereby to protect society and enhance the welfare of individuals and the public.
- 恩赦法(昭和二十二年法律第二十号)第十二条の規定による中央更生保護審査会の申出は、刑事施設(少年法(昭和二十三年法律第百六十八号)第五十六条第三項の規定により少年院において刑を執行する場合における当該少年院を含む。以下第一条の二、第六条、第八条及び第十一条第三項において同じ。)若しくは保護観察所の長又は検察官の上申があった者に対してこれを行うものとする。
- Pursuant to the provisions of Article 12 of the Pardon Act (Act No. 20 of 1947) a recommendation by the National Offenders Rehabilitation Commission shall be made with respect to those persons for whom there has been a petition by a penal institution (including the juvenile training school concerned when the sentence is served in a juvenile training school under the provision of paragraph (3) of Article 56 of the Juvenile Act (Act No. 168 of 1948), hereinafter the same shall apply to Article 1-2, Article 6, Article 8 and paragraph (3) of Article 11), warden, the director of the probation office or by the public prosecutor.
- これは岩手大学講師であった橋本昌幸(2003年(平成15年)11月25日没75歳)が竹中要の説に従い交配した桜はソメイヨシノに似ず、橋本の助言がきっかけで中村郁郎らがDNA解析からオオシマザクラと上野恩賜公園のコマツオトメを交配し2008年春に千葉大学園芸部で5本を鉢に植え、4年または5年後の2012年または2013年にソメイヨシノが再現されると見込んでいる。
- Masayuki HASHIMOTO, a lecturer at Iwate Univesity (who died on November 25, 2003, at the age of 75), followed the theory by Kaname TAKENAKA but couldn't breed a cherry tree similar to Someiyoshino; however, based on advice by Hashimoto, Ikuo NAKAMURA and others, from the DNA analysis, he crossbred the Oshima cherry and Komatsuotome of Ueno Onshi Koen park and planted five trees in pots at Chiba University's Faculty of Horticulture, expecting them to be reappear four or five years later (2012 or 2013) as Someiyoshino.
- また、『綜藝種智院式并序』において「物の興廃は必ず人に由る, 人の昇沈は定んで道にあり」と、学校の存続が運営に携わる人の命運に左右される不安定なものであることを認めたうえで、「一人恩を降し、三公力をあわせ、諸氏の英貴諸宗の大徳、我と志を同じうせば、百世継ぐを成さん」と、天皇、大臣諸侯や仏教諸宗の支持・協力のもとに運営することで恒久的な存続を図る方針を示している。
- In 'Shugeishuchiin shiki-narabini-jo,' he wrote his policy of maintaining the facility permanently through operations under the support and cooperation of Emperor, ministers, lords and all Buddhist sects, as described in the following: First, he admitted that the existence of the school was unstable, depending on the destiny of the persons operating it, saying 'The prosperity and demise always depends on the persons concerned, and the ups and downs of a person always depends on whether the person conducts himself or herself correctly or not, and then he described 'This school will exist for 100 generations, if a person shows favors, three high level bureaucrats (sanko) cooperate, and with the noble and prosperous clans and the big virtues of various sects, their aspirations are the same as those of mine.'
- 五十二年秋九月丁卯朔丙子 久氐等從千熊長彥詣之 則獻七枝刀一口 七子鏡一面及種種重寶 仍啟曰 臣國以西有水 源出自谷那鐵山 其邈七日行之不及 當飲是水 便取是山鐵以永奉聖朝 乃謂孫枕流王曰 今我所通東海貴國 是天所啟 是以垂天恩 割海西而賜我 由是國基永固 汝當善脩和好 聚斂土物 奉貢不絕 雖死何恨 自是後 每年相續朝貢焉(『日本書紀』神功皇后摂政五十二年九月の条)
- In September 252, the king of Paekche, met Nagahiko CHIKUMA, an envoy from Japan, and gave him one seven-pronged sword, one nanatsuko no kagami (a mirror with seven small decoration mirrors), and various other treasures, hoping to form a friendship ('Nihonshoki,' from the article dated September 252 during the reign of Empress Jingu).
- 別格本山 金剛王院(京都市伏見区)、理性院(醍醐寺山内)、報恩院(醍醐寺山内)、無量寿院(醍醐寺山内)、品川寺(東京都品川区)、塩船観音(東京都青梅市)、大明王院(川崎市高津区)、永安寺(石川県金沢市)、法界寺(京都市伏見区)、金胎寺(京都府和束町)、松尾寺 (大和郡山市)(奈良県大和郡山市)、千光寺 (生駒郡平群町)(奈良県平群町)、龍泉寺 (天川村)(奈良県天川村)、龍華寺(広島県世羅町)、十波羅蜜寺(香川県三豊市)、西山興隆寺(愛媛県西条市)
- Bekkaku-honzan (special head temples): Kongoo-in (Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City), Risho-in Temple (in the precincts of Daigo-ji Temple), Hoon-in (in the precincts of Daigo-ji Temple), Muryoju-in (in the precincts of Daigo-ji Temple), Honsen-ji Temple (Shinagawa Ward, Tokyo), Shiofune Kannon (Ome City, Tokyo), Daimyoo-in Temple (Takatsu Ward, Kawasaki City), Eian-ji Temple (Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture), Hokai-ji Temple (Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City), Kontai-ji Temple (Wazuka-cho, Kyoto Prefecture), Matsuo-dera Temple (Yamatokoriyama City, Nara Prefecture), Senko-ji Temple (Heguri-cho, Ikoma County, Nara Prefecture), Ryusen-ji Temple (Tenkawa-mura, Nara Prefecture), Ryuge-ji Temple (Sera-cho, Hiroshima Prefecture), Toharamitsu-ji Temple (Mitoyo City, Kagawa Prefecture), and Nishiyamakoryu-ji Temple (Saijo City, Ehime Prefecture)