忠: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 小川祐忠
- Suketada OGAWA
- Ogawa Suketada
- 平忠常の乱
- Revolt of TAIRA no Tadatsune
- 島津忠恒出陣
- Participation of Tadatsune SHIMAZU in battle
- 四男:源義忠
- The fourth son: MINAMOTO no Yoshitada
- 上杉家の忠臣
- Loyal retainers of Uesugi family
- Retainers of the Uesugi family
- - 徳川秀忠
- - Hidetada TOKUGAWA
- 7.水野忠順
- 7. Tadayori MIZUNO
- 1.水野忠元
- 1. Tadamoto MIZUNO
- 2.水野忠善
- 2. Tadayoshi MIZUNO
- 3.水野忠定
- 3. Tadasada MIZUNO
- 5.水野忠韶
- 5. Tadateru MIZUNO
- 4.水野忠見
- 4. Tadachika MIZUNO
- 1.水野忠増
- 1. Tadamasu MIZUNO
- 7.水野忠辰
- 7. Tadatoki MIZUNO
- 6.水野忠輝
- 6. Tadateru MIZUNO
- 3.水野忠春
- 3. Tadaharu MIZUNO
- 4.水野忠盈
- 4. Tadamitsu MIZUNO
- 5.水野忠之
- 5. Tadayuki MIZUNO
- 2.水野忠位
- 2. Tadatsura MIZUNO
- 9.水野忠鼎
- 9. Tadakane MIZUNO
- 7.水野忠穀
- 7. Tadayoshi MIZUNO
- 8.水野忠友
- 8. Tadatomo MIZUNO
- 4.水野忠周
- 4. Tadachika MIZUNO
- 9.水野忠成
- 9. Tadaakira MIZUNO
- 忠興(六代)
- Tadaoki (The sixth)
- 忠央(九代)
- Tadanaka (The ninth)
- 忠幹(十代)
- Tadamoto (The tenth)
- 2.水野忠職
- 2. Tadamoto MIZUNO
- 秀忠(二代)
- Hidetada, the second shogun.
- 1.水野忠清
- 1. Tadakiyo MIZUNO
- 伊集院忠真篭城
- Tadamasa IJUIN besieged
- 伊集院忠真降伏
- The surrender of Tadamasa IJUIN
- 伊集院忠棟斬殺
- Murder of Tadamune IJUIN
- 15.水野忠敬
- 15. Tadanori MIZUNO
- 14.水野忠誠
- 14. Tadanobu MIZUNO
- 11.水野忠武
- 11. Tadatake MIZUNO
- 10.水野忠義
- 10. Tadayoshi MIZUNO
- 12.水野忠良
- 12. Tadanaga MIZUNO
- 13.水野忠寛
- 13. Tadahiro MIZUNO
- 六代 水野忠興
- The sixth, Tadaoki MIZUNO
- 11.水野忠邦
- 11. Tadakuni MIZUNO
- 10.水野忠光
- 10. Tadaaki MIZUNO
- 12.水野忠精
- 12. Tadakiyo MIZUNO
- 13.水野忠弘
- 13. Tadahiro MIZUNO
- 九代 水野忠央
- The ninth, Tadanaka MIZUNO
- 大将:織田信忠
- Taisho (general): Nobutada ODA
- 忠正の郎等道行
- and Michiyuki, Tadamasa's retainer
- 正室は忠位の娘。
- His lawful wife was Tadatsura MIZUNO's daughter.
- 今川義忠:駿河国
- Yoshitada IMAGAWA: Suruga Province
- 「不忠臣」のその後
- After the 'Unfaithful Retainer'
- 内海忠勝:大使随行
- Tadakatsu UTSUMI:attache
- 奥平信昌、松平景忠
- Nobumasa OKUDAIRA, Kagetada MATSUDAIRA
- 平業忠(左馬権頭)
- TAIRA no Naritada, who possessed the title of Sama no gon no kami (Provisional Captain of Samaryo, Left Division of Bureau of Horses).
- 藩主林忠崇は投獄。
- The lord Tadataka HAYASHI was imprisoned.
- 少忠(しょうちゅう)
- Shochu (Junior inspector, third highest of the four administrative ranks of the ritsuryo period)
- 正室は本多忠良の娘。
- His lawful wife was Tadanaga HONDA's daughter.
- 正室は牧野忠救の娘。
- His lawful wife was Tadahira MAKINO's daughter.
- 正室は監物忠辰の娘。
- His lawful wife was the daugher of Tadatoki, the kenmotsu (inspector of the transfer into and from warehouses of the Court).
- His lawful wife was the daughter of Tadatoki, the kenmotsu.
- 二代(将軍)徳川秀忠
- Hidetada TOKUGAWA, the second shogun.
- 正室は酒井忠清の娘。
- His lawful wife was Tadakiyo SAKAI's daughter.
- 4月28日 忠州の戦い
- April 28: Battle of Chungju
- 鳥居忠文:アメリカ留学
- Tadabumi TORI: student studying in America
- 藤原忠房 - 舞楽家。
- FUJIWARA no Tadafusa: A bugaku (Japanese court dance and music) performer.
- 松平広忠の庶子説あり。
- A theory says he was an illegitimate child of Hirotada MATSUDAIRA.
- 水野忠元を祖とする家。
- The founder was Tadamoto MIZUNO.
- 正室は本多忠平の養女。
- His lawful wife was Tadahira HONDA's adopted daughter.
- 6.水野忠恒 (大名)
- 6. Tadatsune MIZUNO (daimyo)
- 正室は出羽守忠友の娘。
- His lawful wife was a daughter of the Dewa no kami Tadatomo.
- 信忠(信長嫡男)の末裔
- Descendants of Nobutada (legitimate son of Nobunaga)
- 純忠の甥で晴信の従兄弟。
- The nephew of Sumitada and cousin of Harunobu.
- 藤原隆忠(右近衛権中将)
- FUJIWARA no Takatada, who possessed the title of Ukone gon no chujo (Provisional Middle Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards).
- 『後愚昧記』 三条公忠著
- 'Gogumaiki' by Kimitada SANJO
- 浅井忠:『グレーのポプラ』
- Chu ASAI: 'Poplar-trees in Grez-Sur-Loing'
- 源満政の次男源忠隆の子孫。
- 'MINAMOTO no Mitsumasa line of Seiwa-Genji' is descendants of MINAMOTO no Tadataka, the second son of MINAMOTO no Mitsumasa.
- 蔵奉行吉田忠左衛門の長男。
- The oldest son of Chuzaemon YOSHIDA, a Kura bugyo (storehouse magistrate).
- 藤原忠文 - 緒嗣の曾孫。
- FUJIWARA no Tadabumi: A great-grandchild of Otsugu.
- 6.水野忠実 (鶴牧藩主)
- 6. Tadamitsu MIZUNO (the lord of the Tsurumaki Domain)
- 5.水野忠幹 (松本藩主)
- 5. Tadamoto MIZUNO (the lord of the Matsumoto Domain)
- 八代 水野忠啓(忠実の孫)
- The eighth, Tadaaki MIZUNO (Tadazane's grandson)
- 紀伊新宮藩主水野忠央の子。
- Katsuto was a son of Tadanaka MIZUNO, the lord of Kii-Shingu Domain.
- 島津忠寛 伯爵・佐土原藩知事
- Tadahiro SHIMAZU: court, the Prefectural governor of Sadowara domain
- 扶余郡(大韓民国 忠清南道)
- Fuyo District (Sud Chungcheong of the Republic of Korea)
- (浅井清忠女。東福門院女房)
- (Kiyotada AZAI's daughter, a lady-in-waiting for Tofukumon-in)
- 平忠実が落ち延びたとされる。
- It is believed that TAIRA no Tadazane escaped to this place.
- 忠恒は高雄山神護寺で謹慎した。
- Tadatsune was under suspension at Jingo-ji Temple on Mt. Takao.
- 当主の三沢為忠は討死している。
- Tametada MISAWA, the head of Misawa clan, died in battle during the Meitoku War.
- 実質的な指揮者は吉田忠左衛門。
- Chuzaemon YOSHIDA was the one who actually took the lead.
- (壽慶。久政次女、浅井忠種室)
- (written as 寿慶 or 壽慶, Hisamasa's second daughter, Tadatane AZAI's wife)
- 信長・信忠父子は伊那から進軍。
- Nobunaga and his son, Nobutada, marched from Ina.
- また忠棟の妻子は東福寺へ移った。
- Takamune's wife and children were sent to Tofuku-ji Temple.
- これを忠真に提示し降伏を促した。
- This was shown to Tadamasa in order to prompt his surrender.
- また同月に長崎で大村純忠が死去。
- Moreover, Sumitada OMURA died in Nagasaki in the same month.
- 忠臣蔵では「徳利の別れ」で有名。
- He is famous for the 'Tokkuri no wakare' (separation over a sake bottle) incident in Chushingura.
- 頼信は忠常の首をはねて帰京した。
- Nobuyori beheaded Tadatsune and returned to Kyoto.
- 松平広忠の嫡男で、幼名は竹千代。
- Ieyasu was the legitimate son of Hirotada MATSUDAIRA and his childhood name was Takechiyo.
- 平時忠の子、時国の末裔とされる。
- The Kamitokikuni family is considered to be a descendant of Tokikuni, a child of TAIRA no Tokitada.
- 十代 水野忠幹 (紀伊新宮藩主)
- The tenth, Tadamoto MIZUNO (the lord of Kii Shingu)
- 藤原忠宗の子中山忠親を祖とする。
- The founder was Tadachika NAKAYAMA, a son of FUJIWARA no Tadamune.
- 忠順の女、好子は賀陽宮邦憲王妃。
- Tadaosa's daughter, Yoshiko, married Prince Kayanomiya Kuninori and became a Princess.
- その子藤原宗忠は右大臣に昇った。
- His son, FUJIWARA no Munetada, became Udaijin.
- 同日に忠真の母と弟三人も殺された。
- The same day, Tadamasa's mother and three brothers were also killed.
- 仮名手本忠臣蔵の早野勘平のモデル。
- He is the model for Kanpei HAYANO who appears in Kanadehon Chushingura (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers).
- 忠臣蔵では剣客として描かれている。
- He is depicted as an expert swordsman in the Chushingura.
- 中山忠能 従一位大勲位侯爵・神祇伯
- Tadayasu NAKAYAMA: juichii, (Junior First Court Rank) supreme order, Marquis, Jingihaku (administrator of the institution for dedicating to religious ceremony)
- 石井忠亮 元老院議官・和歌山県知事
- Tadaakira ISHII: Genroin gikan, (councillor of Chamber of Elders or Senate) the Prefectural governor of Wakayama Prefecture
- 平忠盛なども任命されたことがある。
- TAIRA no Tadamori counted among successive Gyobu-Kyo.
- 水野勝成の弟水野忠清を祖とする家。
- The forefather of this family was Tadakiyo MIZUNO, Katsunari MIZUNO's younger brother.
- 細川忠興、長谷川秀一対金時敏,郭再祐
- Tadaoki HOSOKAWA and Hidekazu HASEGAWA versus Kim Si-min and Kwoak Che-u
- 団忠正:美濃国岩村城(秀隆の旧居城)
- Tadamasa DAN: Iwamura-jo Castle, Mino Province (former residential castle of Hidetaka)
- 下総国佐倉藩より石川忠総が入城する。
- Tadafusa ISHIKAWA moved from the Sakura Domain in Shimosa Province.
- 水野忠清の子周防守忠増を祖とする家。
- The founder of this family was the Suo no kami (Governor of Suo Province) Tadamasu, the son of Tadakiyo MIZUNO.
- 水野忠政の兄弟、水野忠綱を祖とする。
- The founder was the brother of Tadamasa MIZUNO, Tadatsuna MIZUNO.
- 最初は晴元の忠実な家臣として仕えた。
- At first Nagayoshi served Harumoto as his loyal vassal.
- 平信兼・藤原忠清は行方をくらませた。
- TAIRA no Nobukane and FUJIWARA no Tadakiyo disappeared, covering their tracks.
- その他、小川祐忠なども参加していた。
- Suketada OGAWA, among others, was also on Mitsuhide's side.
- 乱終結後も、忠恒は忠真を警戒し続けた。
- Even after the rebellion ended, Tadatsune was still wary of Tadamasa.
- 忠恒は、緒戦で山田城を落とし入城した。
- Tadatsune captured Yamada-jo Castle in the beginning of a war.
- 千々石ミゲル(正使) 大村純忠の名代。
- Miguel CHIJIWA (senior commander), acting for Sumitada OMURA.
- 信長の嫡男織田信忠も二条城で死亡した。
- Nobunaga's legitimate son, Nobutada ODA also died in Nijo-jo Castle.
- 吉田忠左衛門の足軽、3両2分2人扶持。
- Ashigaru to Chuzaemon YOSHIDA, with a stipend of 3 ryo shared between two people.
- 後世に不忠臣の代表として悪名を受けた。
- In later generations, he was given a bad reputation and regarded as a example of disloyalty.
- ここで吉田忠左衛門らが大石を出迎えた。
- He was welcomed by Chuzaemon YOSHIDA.
- 大寄合滝川亀松父、隠居 滝川伊勢守忠雄
- Oyoriai status Kamematsu TAKIGAWA's father, in retirement, Ise no kami (Governor of Ise Province) Tadao TAKIGAWA.
- :『古今和歌集』の壬生忠岑によるの冬歌
- : A winter poem by MIBU no Tadamine in 'Kokin Wakashu.'
- 正室は水野忠幹 (紀伊新宮藩主)の娘。
- His lawful wife was Tadamoto MIZUNO (lord of the Kii-Shingu Domain)'s daughter.
- 松原忠司……1865年9月1日、病死。
- Chuji MATSUBARA: Died September 1, 1865 from illness
- 『仮名手本忠臣蔵』の桃井若狭助のモデル。
- He is the model for Wakasanosuke MOMOI in 'Kanadehon Chushingura' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers).
- 『仮名手本忠臣蔵』の加古川本蔵のモデル。
- He is the model for Honzo KAKOGAWA in 'Kanadehon Chushingura' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers).
- 長期に及ぶ戦いで忠常の軍は疲弊していた。
- As a result of long battle, the army of Tadatsune was war-worn.
- したがって信長自身も弾正忠を称している。
- Therefore, Nobunaga called himself danjo no chu.
- 定次自身の身柄は鳥居忠政預かりとされた。
- Sadatsugu himself was put under the custody of Tadamasa TORII.
- 慶応元年9月1日 (旧暦) 松原忠司死亡
- September 1 1865, Chuji MATSUBARA died.
- 足利藩主戸田忠行版籍を奉還、藩知事となる
- The lord of Ashikaga Domain Tadayuki TODA returned lands and people to the Emperor and became governor of the Domain.
- 先鋒:森長可、団忠正、木曾義昌、遠山友忠
- Spearhead: Nagayoshi MORI, Tadamasa DAN, Yoshimasa KISO, and Tomotada TOYAMA
- 山槐記(さんかいき)は、中山忠親の日記。
- Sankaiki is the name given to the diary of Tadachika NAKAYAMA.
- 三男:源忠宗は飯富源太と号し、飯富氏の祖。
- The third son: MINAMOTO no Tadamune who called himself Genta OBU is the founder of the Obu clan.
- 次いで二条城を攻城し織田信忠を自害させた。
- Then he attacked Nobutada ODA in Nijo-jo Castle and forced him to kill himself.
- 千馬光忠 せんば(ちば)さぶろべえみつただ
- Saburobe Mitsutada SENBA
- 続いて忠常は上総国の国衙を占領してしまう。
- Tadatsune subsequently occupied the kokuga (provincial government office compounds) in the Kazusa province.
- 正室は島津重豪の養女、継室は牧野忠精の娘。
- His lawful wife was Shigehide SHIMAZU's adopted daughter and his second wife was Tadakiyo MAKINO's daughter.
- 慶長2年忠誠の急死により沼津藩を相続する。
- He inherited the Numazu Domain after the sudden death of Tadanobu in 1866.
- 駿河徳川家(当主徳川忠長が切腹して断絶。)
- Suruga Tokugawa family (ending with the ritual suicide of the family head Tadanaga TOKUGAWA.)
- 正室は酒井忠勝 (若狭国小浜藩主)の養女。
- His lawful wife was Tadakatsu SAKAI (the lord of the Obama Domain of Wakasa Province)'s adopted daughter.
- こうして信忠は自刃し、二条御所は落城した。
- Thus, Nobutada committed suicide by sword and the Nijo Gosho (Nijo Imperial Palace) fell.
- 島津忠辰は高田を放棄して出水にまで撤退する。
- Tadatoki SHIMAZU abandoned Takada and withdrew to Izumi.
- しかし、3代伊奈忠勝の代で無嗣除封となった。
- However, the third lord, Tadakatsu INA, was deprived of his territory because he had no heir.
- 寛文8年、父忠職の死により松本藩を相続する。
- In 1668, he inherited the Matsumoto Domain upon his father Tadamoto's death.
- 正保4年、父忠清の死により松本藩を相続する。
- In 1647, he inherited the Matsumoto Domain upon his father Tadakiyo's death.
- 本隊:河尻秀隆、毛利秀頼、水野守隆、水野忠重
- Main unit: Hidetaka KAWAJIRI, Hideyori MORI, Moritaka MIZUNO, and Tadashige MIZUNO
- 同日、家康・秀忠は諸将の砲撃を停止させている。
- On the same day Ieyasu/Hidetada ordered warlords to stop firing.
- 船中で忠光ら同志一行は髪を切って決意を示した。
- In the ship Tadamitsu and all who went with him cut hair and showed their determination.
- 石井忠亮:元老院議官・和歌山県知事・錦鶏間祗候
- Tadaakira ISHII: He was a councilor of Chamber of Elders, Wakayama Prefectural Governor and Kinkei-no-ma shiko.
- その5騎が平忠度の守る塩屋口の西城戸に現れた。
- These five cavalrymen then appeared at Nishikido at the Shioya fortress entrance, guarded by TAIRA no Tadanori.
- 宗矩は秀忠からの信任が厚かったと言われている。
- It has been said that Hidetada had every confidence in Munenori.
- 安永4年に忠任の隠居を受けて唐津藩を相続する。
- Upon Tadato's retirement, he inherited the Karatsu Domain in 1775.
- その後、弟の水野忠丘が旗本として召しだされた。
- After that, Nariyuki's younger brother, Tadaoka MIZUNO, was assigned a position of hatamoto.
- 忠興の四男・細川立孝の子の細川行孝から11代。
- The family was the 11th generation after Yukitaka HOSOKAWA, a son of Tatsutaka HOSOKAWA who was the fourth son of Tadaoki.
- 時平の死後、弟の藤原忠平が太政官首班となった。
- After Tokihira's death, his younger brother, FUJIWARA no Tadahira, became the chief of Daijokan.
- 忠平期を摂関政治の成立期とするのが通説である。
- Tadahira's administration period is usually considered the time during which the regency was established.
- 2月3日、まず長可、忠正の先鋒が岐阜城を出陣。
- On February 3, 1582, the spearhead, Nagayoshi and Tadamasa, departed from Gifu-jo Castle at first.
- 平時忠は能登国へ流罪となり、そこで死んでいる。
- TAIRA no Tokitada was banished to Noto Province, where he died.
- 忠臣蔵では浅野内匠頭切腹の際に最後の対面をした。
- He was the last person to see Asano Takumi no Kami in the Chushingura (The Loyal Retainers' Treasury) before he committed Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment).
- 徳川忠長(駿河徳川家、駿河大納言、切腹して断絶)
- Tadanaga TOKUGAWA, who was of the Suruga-Tokugawa family, and Suruga Dainagon (Major Counselor), and his lineage was extinct after his seppuku.
- 忠綱の早逝後はその弟吉綱に与え、直参旗本とした。
- After the early death of Tadatsuna, the territory was given to his younger brother Yoshitsuna who became the jikisan (immediate) hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu).
- 源頼信に臣従した平忠常は頼信の家人とされている。
- TAIRA no Tadatsune who served MINAMOTO no Yorinobu is considered a kenin of Yorinobu.
- そして、その典籍の引用は比較的原文に忠実である。
- Furthermore, the citation from original documents was made relatively correctly.
- 明治17年(1884年)に柳沢徳忠が子爵になった。
- In 1884, Noritada YANAGISAWA became a viscount.
- 7月14日 飛神隊「忠」部隊、鹿屋航空基地に進出。
- July 14: The 'Chu' unit of the Hishin Squadron advanced to the Kanoya Air Base.
- 忠臣蔵ではもっとも奮戦した剣客として描かれている。
- He is depicted in the Chushingura as a most active, expert swordsman.
- 有力武士の源頼信が起用されるに及び忠常は降伏した。
- When a dominant Samurai, MINAMOTO no Yorinobu, was appointed, Tadatsune was surrendered.
- 8月、京都に潜入した忠常の郎党が捕らえられている。
- In August, the roto (retainer) of Tadatsune who infiltrated Kyoto was captured.
- 翌年忠辰の押し込め隠居により急遽岡崎藩を相続する。
- As Tadatoki was forced retirement from the head of the family by kin in the Edo period, Tadato inherited the Okazaki Domain in the following year.
- 天保5年(1834年)本多忠考の子として生まれる。
- Tadanobu was born as Tadataka HONDA's son in 1834.
- 嘉永4年(1851年)水野忠明の子として生まれる。
- Tadanori was born as Tadaaki MIZUNO's son in 1851.
- 文化4年(1807年)水野忠紹の子として生まれる。
- Tadahiro was born in 1807 as Tadatsugu MIZUNO's son.
- 吉忠マネキン(株)「YOSHICHU情報センター」
- The Yoshichu information center of Yoshichu Mannequin Co., Ltd.
- 五條文化博物館(安藤忠雄設計の円筒形の外観が特徴)
- Gojo City Museum (characterized by a cylindrical appearance designed by Tadao ANDO)
- 忠興の五男・細川興孝が2万5千石を与えられて興す。
- The family was founded when Okitaka HOSOKAWA, Tadaoki's fifth son, was given 25,000 koku.
- 忠平の死後、10世紀中葉に村上天皇が親政を行った。
- After Tadahira's death, Emperor Murakami conducted direct Imperial rule in the middle of the 10th century.
- しかし分家の島津忠良の子・島津貴久が本家を継いだ。
- However, Takahisa SHIMAZU who was a son of Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, a branch family, inherited the head family.
- 後醍醐は側近の千種忠顕とともに幕府に捕らえられた。
- Godaigo was arrested by the bakufu together with his close adviser, Tadaaki CHIKUSA.
- なお、江戸時代の平田職忠の同名の著書とは別である。
- A book with the same title written by Mototada HIRATA during the Edo period is a different one.
- 戦後、大坂城には松平忠明が移り、街の復興にあたった。
- After the war Tadaakira MATSUDAIRA moved into Osaka-jo Castle, and undertook the revival of Osaka.
- 忠基の嫡男伊奈貞政の系統は伊奈昭綱のときに断絶した。
- The lineage of Sadamasa INA, Tadamoto's legitimate son, ended at the time of Akitsuna INA.
- 幕府昵近公家衆日野某、阿野季綱、松殿忠顕、飛鳥井雅康
- Court nobles to work for bakufu, namely a certain Hino, Suetsuna ANO, Tadaaki MATSUDONO and Masayasu ASUKAI,
- 19日、進退窮まった忠光は遂に天誅組の解散を命じた。
- Finally Tadamitsu, who was at a loss, commanded the dissolution of Tenchu-gumi on October 31.
- 崇源院 - 2代将軍徳川秀忠の御台所、徳川家光の母。
- Sugenin - Midaidokoro of the second Shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA and mother of Iemitsu TOKUGAWA
- 用人…奥村忠右衛門(300石)、糟谷秀信(250石)
- Lord chamberlains who were in charge of domestic economy - Chuemon OKUMURA (300 koku), Hidenobu KASUYA (250 koku)
- 宝永4年(1707年)出羽守忠周の子として生まれる。
- Tadayoshi was born in 1707 as the son of Tadachika, Dewa no kami.
- 天保5年(1834年)出羽守忠義の子として生まれる。
- Tadanaga was born in 1834 as the Dewa no kami, Tadayoshi's son.
- 町長:堀忠雄(ほりただお)(2005年4月~)2期目
- Mayor: Tadao HORI (from April 2005), second term
- 五代 水野忠昭(水野分家から養子。定勝の孫にあたる)
- The fifth, Tadaaki MIZUNO (He was adopted from a branch family of the Mizuno clan. He was Sadakatsu's grandson.)
- 松平光長が従三位中将、松平忠昌が正四位下宰相である。
- Mitsunaga MATSUDAIRA was Jusani Chujo while Tadamasa MATSUDAIRA was Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) Saisho.
- 摂政藤原師実の五男である大納言藤原忠教を始祖とする。
- The founder of the family was Dainagon (chief councilor of state), FUJIWARA no Tadanori, who was the fifth son of the Regent, FUJIWARA no Morozane.
- 彼は藤原忠実・藤原忠通の家司を務めた実務官吏だった。
- He was a practical government official who served as Keishi (household superintendent) of FUJIWARA no Tadazane and FUJIWARA no Tadamichi.
- 家光の「光」と、秀忠の「秀」で、合わせると「光秀」。
- If we put together '光' (mitsu) in Iemitsu and '秀' (hide) in Hidetada, we have '光秀' (Mitsuhide).
- 一説によると酒井忠次は北伊勢まで進軍していたと言う。
- According to a certain view, Tadatsugu SAKAI had already marched up to Northern Ise.
- そのひとつに、丹後の細川忠興の居城・田辺城があった。
- One of the territories was Tanabe-jo Castle in Tango, the lord of which was Tadaoki HOSOKAWA.
- 鉄尺と竹尺を平均して伊能忠敬が作ったのが折衷尺である。
- A scholar, Tadataka INO introduced setchu-jaku (averaged shaku) by averaging and integrating the tetsu-jaku and the take-jaku.
- 忠光は朝比奈に狭山藩も出陣して義挙に加わるよう命じた。
- Tadamitsu commanded ASAHINA that Sayama Domain also go to the forefront and join the act of justice.
- 混乱が波及して平忠度の守る塩屋口の西城戸も突破される。
- By spreading chaos, the Nishikido of the Shioya fortress entrance which Tadanori TAIRA guarded was broken through.
- 歌人だった忠度が箙に和歌を残していた逸話が残っている。
- Tadanori was a poet, so there was an anecdote that he wrote in a waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) on an arrow quiver.
- その弟で近衛家を相続した近衛忠てるは日本赤十字社社長。
- His younger brother, Tadateru KONOE who inherited the Konoe Family, was the president of Japanese Red Cross Society.
- 平時忠が配流となり、子孫が上時国氏、下時国氏を興した。
- TAIRA no Tokitada was banished to this place and his descendants founded the KAMITOKIKUNI clan and the SHIMOTOKIKUNI clan.
- かつ東国豪族の忠誠の証を示す貢納品としても評価された。
- Furthermore, they were also appreciated as tribute articles for showing proof of loyalty by local ruling families in the eastern part of Japan.
- また同時に藤原忠実・忠通父子の家司だった時期と重なる。
- At the same time, Tomonobu also served as Keishi of FUJIWARA no Tadazane and his son Tadamichi.
- 兼家は新天皇の外祖父として頼忠に代わって摂政となった。
- Kaneie was the new Emperor's maternal grandfather and became regent instead of Yoritada.
- しかしその密書を託された伊集院甚吉は忠恒に密書を渡した。
- However, Jinkichi IJUIN, who was given the secret message, passed it on to Tadatsune.
- 忠次の次男伊奈忠治の系統は旗本となり関東郡代を世襲した。
- The lineage of Tadaharu INA, the second son of Tadatsugu, became a hatamoto (a direct retainer of the shogun) family, inheriting the post of Kanto gundai for generations.
- 14日、吉村らは中山邸を訪ねて忠光を方広寺へ誘い出した。
- YOSHIMURA and his comrades visited NAKAYAMA's residence on September 26 and invited out Tadamitsu to Hoko-ji Temple.
- 吉宗が大岡忠相に検討させて小石川養生所の設置が実現した。
- Yoshimune let Tadasuke OOKA consider this proposal and the establishment of Koishikawa Hospital was realized.
- 松平家信(いえのぶ)〔従四位下、紀伊守〕松平家忠の長男。
- Ienobu MATSUDAIRA (Jushiinoge, Kii no kami), the oldest son of Ietada MATSUDAIRA.
- 正室は大岡忠喜の娘、離婚後に溝口直養の娘を継室に迎える。
- His lawful wife was Tadayoshi OOKA's daughter and after the divorce, he married Naoyasu MIZOGUCHI's daughter.
- 15年、多病を理由に老中を免職となり家督を子忠輝に譲る。
- In 1730, he was dismissed from his service for frequent illness and the family estate was passed over to his son, Tadateru.
- 永禄5年(1562年)水野忠分の子として尾張で生まれる。
- Wakenaga was born in Owari as Tadawake MIZUNO's son in 1562.
- 醍醐忠順の子・醍醐忠直は、式部官、掌典次長などを務めた。
- Tadanao DAIGO, the son of Tadaosa DAIGO, filled the posts of shikibukan (official responsible for court ceremonies), shotenjicho (the deputy chief of shotenshoku, the section of the Imperial Household Agency handling court rituals)
- 代表的な増補者として中御門宗忠や土御門通親が挙げられる。
- Well-known persons who enlarged the book are Munetada NAKAMIKADO and Michichika TSUCHIMIKADO.
- 良房の没後は藤原基経・藤原忠平と摂関家嫡流に継承された。
- After Yoshifusa died, Shirakawa betsugyo had been inherited through the lineage of the eldest son of the Regents' House of the Fujiwara clan, such as FUJIWARA no Mototsune and FUJIWARA no Tadahira.
- 山田重忠は「大臆病の君に騙られたわ」と門を叩き憤慨した。
- Shigetada YAMADA reportedly cried 'We have been deceived by our lord, who turned out to be a great coward,' and thereupon struck the gate in indignation.
- 忠真は各外城の防御を厚くし一族や家臣を配置し守りを固めた。
- Tadazane strengthened each outer castle, in which he positioned his family and vassals to increase the defenses.
- その後方に近臣を従えた徳川秀忠23,000が本陣を置いた。
- In its back were positioned the headquarters of 23,000 men of Hidetada TOKUGAWA accompanied by his trusted vassals.
- 時政は天野遠景と仁田忠常と謀り、能員を謀殺することにした。
- Tokimasa plotted Yoshikazu's murder with Tokage AMANO and Tadatsune NITA.
- 頼家は和田義盛と仁田忠常に御教書を送って北条討伐を命じた。
- Yoriie delivered the migyosho (documents of shogunate order) to Yoshimori WADA and Tadatsune NITA to suppress the Hojo clan.
- 国家から謀叛人扱いされた忠常は、徹底抗戦を余儀なくされる。
- Tadatsune, regarded as a rebel by the state, was forced to resist to the bitter end.
- 忠常は上総国夷隅郡伊志みの要害に立て篭もって抵抗を続けた。
- Tadatsune holed up in a military fortress in Ishimi, Isumi County, Kazusa Province and continued resistance.
- 忠邦以降、改革失敗の責任をとらされて出羽山形に転封となる。
- After the time of Tadakuni, their territory was changed to Yamagata, Dewa Province, for having failed in the reforms.
- 寛文9年(1669年)に三代忠春の子として江戸で生まれる。
- He was born as a son of Tadaharu MIZUNO, the third generation, in Edo in 1669.
- 享保8年、兄忠幹の死により末期養子となり松本藩を相続する。
- Upon his older brother, Tadamoto's death in 1723, he became a matsugo yoshi and inherited the Matsumoto Domain.
- 享保3年(1718年)に父忠周の死により松本藩を相続する。
- Upon his father, Tadachika's death, he inherited the Matsumoto Domain in 1718.
- 菅谷館跡(国指定史跡。鎌倉時代初期の武将畠山重忠の居館跡)
- Site of Sugaya-yakata (officially-designated historical site; site of Shigetada HATAKEYAMA who was a warlord living during the early Kamakura period)
- 山号は天照山、開基は北条経時、開山は然阿良忠(記主禅師)。
- The sango is Tenshozan, the Kaiki is Tsunetoki HOJO, and the kaisan is Nenna Ryochu (Kishu Zenji).
- 正室は松平忠名の娘、その死後小笠原長逵の娘を継室に迎える。
- His lawful wife was Tadaakira MATSUDAIRA's daughter and his second wife after the death of his first wife was Nagamichi OGASAWARA's daughter.
- 美濃守護職は土岐頼忠(頼康の弟。康行の叔父)に与えられた。
- Yoritada TOKI (the younger brohter of Yoriyasu and uncle of Yasuyuki) was assigned to Mino no Shugoshiki (provincial constable of Mino Province).
- 同時に、信長の嫡男・織田信忠は妙覚寺 (京都市)に入った。
- At the same time, Nobunaga's heir, Nobutada ODA entered Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City).
- 降伏後、忠真は頴娃1万石へ移され、後に帖佐2万石へ移された。
- After surrendering, the fief of Tadamasa was transferred to Ei, the land worthwhile 10,000 koku of rice, and later transferred to Chosa, the land worthwhile 20,000-koku of rice.
- 伊能忠敬が測量のために又四郎尺と享保尺を平均して作ったもの。
- Invented by Tadataka INO by averaging and integrating the matashiro-jaku and the kyoho-jaku for land survey.
- 大村純忠と有馬晴信とともに天正遣欧少年使節をローマに送った。
- The Tensho Boy Mission to Europe (known as the Tensho Keno Shonen Shisetsu in Japanese) was sent to Rome together with Sumitada OMURA and Harunobu ARIMA.
- 元禄14年(1701年)出羽守忠周の子として江戸で生まれる。
- Tadatsune was born in 1701 as the son of Tadachika MIZUNO, Dewa no kami.
- 弟の藤原宗輔は太政大臣、宗忠の嫡男藤原宗能は内大臣に昇った。
- Munetada's younger brother, FUJIWARA no Munesuke, became Daijo Daijin (Grand Minister), and Munetada's heir, FUJIWARA no Muneyoshi, became Naidaijin (Minister of the Palace).
- 翌17日に信忠は平谷に陣を進め、さらに翌日には飯田まで侵攻。
- On February 17, 1582, Nobutada moved his own camp to Hiraya, and on the next day, invaded Iida.
- 兄の義忠の死後、義時は河内源氏の棟梁を望んだが果たせなかった。
- After the death of his elder brother Yoshitada, Yoshitoki hoped to be the leader of Kawachi-Genji but failed.
- 南方の水軍全体を統括する忠清全羅慶尚三道水軍統制使にのぼった。
- With the success, Yi was promoted to the Naval Commander of the Three Provinces of Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeorgsang that administered the whole navy in the south.
- もう一人の子の伊奈忠家の系統では、伊奈忠次が徳川家康に仕えた。
- In the lineage of Tadaie INA, the other son of Tadamoto, Tadatsugu INA, served Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 忠臣蔵ものでは吉良上野介に援軍を送ろうとする綱憲を押し止める。
- In Chushingura, he is told to have restrained Tsunanori from sending reinforcements to Kira Kozuke no Suke.
- In Chushingura, he is also told to have restrained Tsunanori from sending reinforcements to Kira Kozuke no Suke.
- 使節は江戸城で2代将軍徳川秀忠、駿府で大御所の家康と謁見した。
- The envoy had an audience with the second shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA at Edo-jo Castle, and with Ogosho (the retired shogun) Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in Sunpu.
- その後身柄は、秋元喬房に預けられ、後に弟忠穀のもとで蟄居する。
- After that, he was looked after at Takafusa AKIMOTO's house and later confined to his younger brother, Tadayoshi MIZUNO's house.
- 忠重は織田信雄に仕えた後、刈谷城主として豊臣秀吉の家臣となる。
- After serving Nobukatsu ODA, Tadashige became the vassal of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as the lord of Kariya-jo Castle.
- 水野忠重の子水野勝成を祖とする家で、水野一族の宗家筋に当たる。
- The founder of this family was Katsunari MIZUNO, the son of Tadashige, and this family line originated from their head house.
- 加茂砦には織田信忠が率いる美濃国、近江国3千兵が陣をはっている。
- In Fort Kamo, 3,000 soldiers from Mino Province and Omi Province headed by Nobutada ODA took up a position.
- 18日、家康は先着していた秀忠と茶臼山陣城にて軍議を行っている。
- On 18th (the old calendar), Ieyasu held war councils with Hidetada, who had arrived before, in the Mt. Chausu-yama camp.
- 23日に二条城に入り、同日秀忠が6万の軍勢を率い江戸を出発した。
- He entered Nijo-jo Castle on 23rd (the old calendar), and on the same day Hidetada left Edo, leading troops of 60,000 men.
- 鎖国体制は徳川秀忠の時代に始まり家光の時代、寛永年間に完成した。
- Seclusionism dated back to the era of the Hidetada TOKUGAWA shogunate, accomplished during the era of the Iemitsu TOKUGAWA shogunate, namely in the Kanei era.
- さらに進撃して慶尚道、忠清道、京畿道の諸城は戦わずして攻略した。
- They advanced further, and castles in Gyeongsang-do, Chungcheong-do and Gyeonggi-do surrendered without fighting.
- 没落期 - 源義忠時代の義忠暗殺事件~源義朝時代の平治の乱の敗北
- Fall period: Assassination of Yoshitada in the period of MINAMOTO no Yoshitada ~ Loss of the Heiji War in the period of MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo.
- 河内源氏初代の源頼信は、平忠常の乱を鎮定し坂東に勢力を扶植した。
- MINAMOTO no Yorinobu, the founder of Kawachi-Genji, subjugated the TAIRA no Tadatsune War and established the influence in Bando (old Kanto region).
- 武人埴輪の中には、当時の刀剣や甲冑を忠実に表現した入念作もある。
- Some haniwa of warriors in armor are elaborate works, in which the sword and armor at that time were depicted faithfully.
- 斜陽期 - 源義家時代の後三年の役後~源義忠時代の兄源義親の反乱
- Declining period: After the Go Sannen no Eki (Later Three Years' Campaign) in the period of MINAMOTO no Yoshiie ~ Rebellion by MINAMOTO no Yoshichika, an elder brother of MINAMOTO no Yoshitada in the period of MINAMOTO no Yoshitada.
- 替わって能登国能登下村藩より、譜代の鳥居忠英が2万石で入封する。
- Tadateru TORII, hereditary daimyo, entered into the Minakuchi Domain with 20,000 koku of rice from the Notoshimomura Domain in Noto Province.
- 織田信長の嫡男・織田信忠は、父の信長と共に本能寺の変で討たれた。
- Nobutada ODA, a legitimate son of Nobunaga ODA, was killed together with Nobunaga in the Honnoji Incident.
- 平惟基は『小右記』の藤原実資に、平忠常は藤原教通に臣従している。
- TAIRA no Koremoto served FUJIWARA no Sanesuke, who wrote 'Shoyuki,' and TAIRA no Tadatsune served FUJIWARA no Norimichi.
- 忠平は律令回帰路線に否定的であり、土地課税路線を推進していった。
- Tadahira was not in favor of a return to the Ritsuryo system, and promoted the land-based tax system.
- これらの意見により、廟議は忠重を伊予国に配流し、清弘を投獄した。
- Based on these opinions, byogi (ministerial meeting held at the Imperial Court) decided Tadashige's banishment to Iyo Province and Kiyohiro's imprisonment.
- 藤原忠清は翌元暦2年(1185年)まで潜伏を続けて都を脅かした。
- FUJIWARA no Tadakiyo remained in hiding and continued to threaten the capital until the following year, 1185.
- (ただし、秀忠の秀の字は松平秀康と同じく秀吉からの偏諱である。)
- (However, the character 秀 (hide) in Hidetada was given by Hideyoshi from his name same as in Hideyasu MATSUDAIRA.
- 忠恒は、自ら乱を鎮圧するため、徳川家康の許可を得て本国へ帰国した。
- Tadatsune obtained permission from Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and returned to his province in order to quell the rebellion by himself.
- 同年4月16日 (旧暦)、家康は将軍職を辞して将軍職を秀忠に譲る。
- Ieyasu resigned from the shogunate and gave it to Hidetada.
- さらに島津忠長を蹴散らし川内の泰平寺 (薩摩川内市)に本陣を置く。
- Hideyoshi further blew up Tadanaga SHIMAZU, and settled the headquarters of his army in Taihei-ji Temple of Sendai (Satsumasendai City).
- 忠光の京都からの出奔には土佐藩脱藩浪人の吉村寅太郎が加担している。
- Torataro YOSHIMURA, who had belonged to Tosa Domain before he left the domain and became ronin, took part in Tadamistu's flight to Choshu from Kyoto.
- 桑田忠親は著書「戦国史疑」において、次のように厳しく批判している。
- In his book 'Questioning Civil War History' Tadachika KUWATA criticized MURAOKA's work as follows:
- これに対して忠烈王の発言の所以を高麗の国内事情に求める向きもある。
- Concerning this, some try to find the reason for King Chungnyeol's opinion in the internal conditions of Goryeo.
- 『ミッドウェイ』の南雲忠一役、『ダイ・ハード』のタカギ社長役など。
- Chuichi NAGUMO in 'Midway' and Corporate Executive Takagi in 'Die Hard.'
- 質問27および28に記されたいわゆる「忠誠登録」が論争の的となる。
- Questions 27 and 28, the so-called 'Loyalty Registration' became subject of controversy.
- 大力の畠山重忠は馬を損ねてはならじと馬を背負って岩場を駆け下った。
- Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, who had enormous physical strength, carried his horse upon his back and ran down the hill because he was afraid of injuring his horse.
- 天正4年(1574年)に尾張国緒川城主水野忠守の子として生まれる。
- Tadamoto was born as a son of Tadamori MIZUNO, the lord of Ogawa-jo Castle in Owari Province in 1574.
- 七代 水野忠実(水野分家から養子。忠昭の弟・水野忠伸の孫にあたる)
- The seventh, Tadazane MIZUNO (He was adopted from a branch family of the Mizuno clan. He was Tadaaki's younger brother, Tadanobu MIZUNO's grandson.)
- 忠能の孫の中山孝麿は宮内庁東宮職や東宮大夫、宮中顧問官を歴任した。
- Takamaro NAKAYAMA, who was a grandson of Tadayasu filled various posts including being a member of the Board of the Crown Prince's Affairs of the Imperial Household Agency, Togu-daifu (the Lord Steward to the Imperial Prince) and imperial court councilor.
- 以後、土岐氏の惣領は、頼忠の系統(土岐西池田氏)が継ぐことになる。
- After that, the family line of Yoritada (theToki-Nishiikeda clan) succeeded to the reigns of the Toki clan.
- 翌日には信長から一益に「若い信忠をよく補佐せよ」との書状も届いた。
- On the next day, Kazumasu received a letter from Nobunaga in which Kazumasu was ordered to fully 'support young Nobutada.'
- 信忠は地元の僧侶を使者とし、盛信に黄金と書状を送り、開城を促した。
- Nobutada sent Morinobu gold and a letter through local priest designated as an emissary, and recommended the surrender of the castle.
- 光秀は、信長・信忠を討った後、朝廷に参内し、金品を下賜されている。
- After killing Nobunaga and Nobutada, Mitsuhide visited the Imperial Court and he was granted Imperial gifts of money and other valuable goods.
- 原因は不明だが、受領と在地領主である忠常との対立が高じたものらしい。
- Its cause is not clear, but it seems that this was because of the deepened confrontation between Zuryo (provincial governor) and Tadatsune, the resident land holder.
- 9月5日、中山忠光が吉村寅太郎らに再度合流して天の辻の本陣へ帰った。
- On October 17, Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA joined Torataro YOSHIMURA and others again, and came back to headquarters of Ten no Tsuji.
- 1940年4月には「忠良有為ノ皇国民ヲ錬成スル」という目的を掲げた。
- In April, 1940, the goal that 'training faithful and promising Japanese people' was laid out.
- - 丹後半島のほぼ中央に位置し、細川忠興の妻・細川ガラシャ幽閉の地。
- This town is located in almost the center of Tango Peninsula and famous as a place where Garasha HOSOKAWA, Mrs. Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, was confined.
- 後の3名は、秀忠が二代当主(将軍)になって以後に元服したものである。
- In the case of the 3 subsequent individuals, after Hidetada became the 2nd generation clan head (Shogun) his coming-of-age ceremony was held.
- (江もしくは督、のち江与。徳川秀忠御台所、徳川家光母及び東福門院母)
- (Ko [written as 江 or 督], later she was called Eyo, Hidetada TOKUGAWA's Midaidokoro [shogun or minister's wife], mother of Iemitsu TOKUGAWA and Tofukumon-in)
- 翌3月1日、織田信忠は武田勝頼の弟・仁科盛信の籠城する高遠城を包囲。
- On March 1, 1582, Nobutada ODA placed Takato-jo Castle kept by Morinobu NISHINA, brother of Katsuyori TAKEDA, under siege.
- 「法性寺殿」「法性寺関白」といわれた藤原忠通も能書家として知られた。
- FUJIWARA no Tadamichi who was referred to as 'Hosshoji-dono' (Mr. Hossho-ji Temple' or 'Hosshoji Kanpaku' (a chief advisor to the emperor at Hossho-ji Temple) was also known as a noshoka (master of calligraphy).
- 家康が名古屋城に入った4月10日 (旧暦)、秀忠は江戸を出発している。
- On April 10 (the old calendar) when Ieyasu entered Nagoya castle, Hidetada left Edo.
- 島津忠恒は、島津氏宗家当主、島津義久の弟である島津義弘の三男であった。
- Tadatsune SHIMAZU was the third son of Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, who was a younger brother of Yoshihisa SHIMAZU, the head of the main family of the Shimazu clan.
- また、忠棟は秀吉から直接命令を受け、検地後の知行配分の責任者となった。
- Tadamune received direct orders from Hideyoshi and became the manager for the enfeoffment distribution after the survey.
- これに対して、京極持清軍は多賀高忠や六角政暁を派兵、鎮圧に向かわせた。
- Mochikiyo KYOGOKU sent Takatada TAGA and Masaaki ROKKAKU there to subdue them.
- 美男で忠臣蔵の物語では大工の娘を通じて吉良屋敷の図面を手に入れている。
- In the tale of Chushingura, he is depicted as a handsome man who acquired the blueprint of Kira's residence through a carpenter's daughter.
- 兄弟はここで10人斬りの働きをするが、遂に兄十郎が仁田忠常に討たれた。
- The Soga brothers managed to kill 10 warriors, but the elder brother, Juro, was eventually killed by Tadatsune NITA.
- 天明6年に忠友の養子となり、享和2年(1802年)に沼津藩を相続する。
- He became an adopted son of Tadatomo in 1786 and inherited the Numazu Domain in 1802.
- 明和4年(1767年)に忠任の養子となり、徳川家治に初めて披露される。
- In 1767, he was adopted by Tadato and was first introduced by Ieharu TOKUGAWA.
- (現代語訳は河出書房『義経記』高木卓訳)上の壬生忠岑の歌を本歌とする。
- (Modern Japanese translation is excerpted from the translation version of 'Gikeiki' (A Military Epic about the Life of Yoshitsune) by Taku TAKAGI published by Kawade Shobo) This poem was written based on MIBU no Tadamine's poem above.
- 松井忠次の代で徳川家康に従い、松平姓を受けて松平周防守康親と名乗った。
- Tadatsugu MATSUI first served Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and later he was given the surname 'Matsudaira' and called himself Yasuchika Suo-no-kami MATSUDAIRA.
- その子細川忠利の代に肥後国熊本藩54万石の領主となり、明治維新に至る。
- The Hosokawa clan became a feudal lord of 540,000 Koku of the Kumamoto Domain, Higo Province in the generation of Tadatoshi HOSOKAWA, the son of Tadaoki, then reached the Meiji Restoration.
- その後、忠興は関ヶ原の戦いの功により豊前国小倉藩39万9千石を領した。
- Later, Tadaoki came to possess 399,000 koku of the Kokura Domain in Buzen Province by his distinguished service in the Battle of Sekigahara.
- 徳川家康の母於大の方(水野忠政の娘)の入輿もこれらの交流の一つである。
- Odai no kata, the daughter of Tadamasa MIZUNO, was a member of the Mizuno clan who was married to a member of the Matsudaira clan during this time.
- 有名な例としては、藤原忠平に武芸をもって家人として仕えた平将門がある。
- As a well-known example, TAIRA no Masakado served FUJIWARA no Tadahira as a kenin with his military art skills.
- 判者は藤原忠房が任じられていたが、当日不参のため法皇が直接判を下した。
- FUJIWARA no Tadafusa was appointed a hanja, but he was absent that day, so Cloistered Emperor Uda himself judged which tanka was better than the other.
- 6日にようやく、成親解官、時忠・信範召還の宣下があり、事件は終息する。
- On March 2, the imperial proclamation of Narichika's dismissal and recall of Tokitada and Nobunori was finally issued; the tumult came to an end.
- そして、北条泰時・安達景盛・島津忠久らが任じられている(『吾妻鏡』)。
- And Yasutoki HOJO, Kagemori ADACHI, Tadahisa SHIMAZU and others were appointed ('Azuma Kagami' - The Mirror of the East).
- 細川忠興は豊臣氏の武断派の一人で、石田三成とはかねてから対立していた。
- Tadaoki HOSOKAWA was one of the Budanha (Budan factions) of the Toyotomi clan and had been taking sides against Mitsunari ISHIDA.
- そこで忠恒は、義久、義弘の留守中に忠棟を呼び出し斬殺に到ったものである。
- Therefore, Tadatsune called Tadamune during the absence of Yoshihisa and Yoshihiro, and killed him.
- このため家中の不満は忠棟に集中し、家中を乱す「佞人」であるとも呼ばれた。
- Consequently, discontent within the Shimazu family was concentrated on Tadamune and he was called the 'flatterer, crafty person' who was disturbing the Shimazu family.
- 家臣団が景虎への忠誠を誓ってこれを引き止め、出家は取りやめになっている。
- For this, his retainers deterred the attempt by making their pledge of allegiance to Kagetora, and he refrained from becoming a priest.
- 明末は魏忠賢ら宦官に与する閹党と顧憲成らの東林党が党争を繰り返していた。
- At the end of the Ming period, the Yang Dang faction, which sided with eunuchs including Wei Zhongxian, repeatedly came into conflict with the Dongling faction, including Gu Xiancheng.
- 7月、中山忠光は京へ戻るが、謹慎を命じられ、侍従の職も剥奪されてしまう。
- In August, Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA returned to Kyoto; however, he was ordered to be confined to his own house and also the position of chamberlain was forfeited.
- そこを天野遠景と仁田忠常が躍りかかり、たちまち能員を討ち取ってしまった。
- Then Tokage AMANO and Tadatsune NITA jumped on Yoshikazu and killed him on the spot.
- 長元元年(1028年)6月、忠常は安房守平惟忠を焼き殺す事件を起こした。
- In June, 1028, an incident occurred in which Tadatsune burned TAIRA no Koretada, Awa no kami (Governor of Awa Province), to death.
- 1月19日には参議藤原忠文が征東大将軍に任じられ、追討軍が京を出立した。
- On January 19, Sangi (Councillor) FUJIWARA no Tadafumi, who was assigned as Seito Taishogun (Great General who Subdues the Eastern Barbarians), left Kyoto with his army to hunt and kill.
- この政策により要職に登用された人物として、大岡忠相や田中丘隅などがいる。
- As people who were appointed to important posts thanks to this policy, Tadasuke Ooka, Kyugu TANAKA and so on are named.
- 西城戸の将の忠度は逃れようとしていたところを岡部忠純に組まれて負傷した。
- Tadanori, who was under guard at the Nishikido fortress, was tackled by Tadazumi OKABE and subsequently injured when he was about to escape.
- 長男の細川忠興(三斎)は、紀伊国雑賀攻めで初陣し、信長の部将として活躍。
- His first son, Tadaoki (Sansai) HOSOKAWA took uijin (first battle) in the attack of Saiga of Ki Province, and did splendid service as busho (commanding officer) of Nobunaga.
- 重綱は父が幕府から直接拝領していた武蔵領3000石を三男の忠綱に与えた。
- Shigetsuna passed down the territory in Musashi of 3,000 koku crop yields, which was given to his father directly from bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), to his third son Tadatsuna.
- その子・織田秀信(三法師)は清洲会議の決定により、織田弾正忠家を継いだ。
- His son, Hidenobu ODA (Sanboshi), succeeded the Oda Danjo no jo family according to the decision made at the Kiyosu conference.
- 2月1日、成親配流と時忠・信範召還を認めるという内意が山上に伝えられた。
- On February 25, an intention approving both exile of Narichika and recall of Tokitada and Nobunori was conveyed to the Enryaku-ji Temple.
- また、信忠が二条御所で奮戦した際、ネグロイドの家臣ヤスケも戦ったという。
- It is told that, when Nobutada fought bravely in the Nijo Gosho, his vassal Yasuke, who was a negroid also fought.
- このとき、田辺城は忠興の父・細川幽斎が留守の兵、500人で守備していた。
- At this time, Tanabe-jo Castle was protected by the remaining 500 soldiers lead by Yusai HOSOKAWA, the father of Tadaoki.
- ここで諸将は軍議を開き全羅道及び忠清道を平定するため各地へ分進していった。
- Here the various warriors held a meeting, and then separated in order to conquer Chilcheollyang and Chungcheong-do.
- 一方、忠真側の智将白石永仙らの活躍により、忠恒側の死傷者も多数にのぼった。
- On the other hand, those including the resourceful general Eisen SHIRAISHI on Tadamasa's side fought actively, so on the Tadatsune's side had heavy casulatlies.
- 山内らは慶喜の出席を強く主張して両者譲らず、遂に中山忠能が休憩を宣言した。
- Yamauchi and his comrades strongly demanded the participation of Yoshinobu, and while both groups stuck to their own demands, Tadayasu NAKAYAMA eventually declared a pause.
- 日本軍は全羅道から忠清道にかけての掃討を順調に行い、首都の漢城を脅かした。
- The Japanese army made a clean sweep of the enemy between Jeolla-do and Chungcheong-do and threatened the capital, Hansong.
- 907年、朱全忠により禅譲劇が行われ、唐は完全滅亡、五代十国時代へと入る。
- An orderly succession by Quanzhong ZHU took place in 907, Tang fell completely, and the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms began.
- また、木曽義昌や諏訪頼忠に所領安堵状を与え、信濃も半ば手中するかに見えた。
- Ujinao also gave a certificate for the land to Yoshimasa KISO and Yoritada SUWA, and he seemed close to having Shinano within his grasp.
- 秀忠は昌幸の嫡男・真田信之に命じて、まずは無難に昌幸に対して開城を求める。
- Hidetada ordered Nobuyuki SANADA, Masayuki's legitimate son, to innocuously ask Masayuki to surrender the castle.
- この泗川に駐屯していたのは島津義弘と島津忠恒率いる島津軍7千のみであった。
- There were only seven thousand soldiers of Shimazu army led by Yoshihiro SHIMAZU and Tadatsune SHIMAZU stationed in this Shisen.
- また川上忠実は瀬戸口重治に命じて敵の食糧庫を焼き討ちさせ、これに成功した。
- In addition, Tadazane KAWAKAMI ordered Shigeharu SETOGUCHI to burn down the food warehouse of the enemy and succeeded.
- 吉田忠左衛門・小野寺十内・堀部弥兵衛など高齢者の浪士はここの生まれが多い。
- Many more senior Roshi such as Chuzaemon YOSHIDA, Junai ONODERA, and Yahe HORIBE were born there.
- さらに忠左衛門らが用意しておいた川崎平間駅の軽部五兵衛宅の離れに滞在する。
- Chuzaemon let Oishi stay at an annex separate from Gihe KARUBE's residence located at Kawasaki Hirama station.
- この女性がのちに「仮名手本忠臣蔵」の登場人物「おかる」に転じることになる。
- This woman shows up as one of the characters 'Okaru' in 'Kanadehon Chushingura' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers).
- 喜多見勝忠が江戸に入府した徳川家康に仕え、世田谷喜多見に所領を与えられる。
- Katsutada KITAMI worked for Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who entered Edo and had a territory in Kitami, Setagaya granted.
- 中山家は中山忠能が明治天皇の外祖父であったことが考慮されたものとみられる。
- It is considered that the fact that Tadayasu NAKAYAMA of the Nakayama family was the maternal grandfather of Emperor Meiji was taken into account.
- なお、桑田忠親は永禄年間の浅井領支城数は73ほど検出されているとしている。
- According to Tadachika KUWADA, during the Eiroku era, there were 73 branch castles in the Azai's territory.
- 幽斎は古今伝授の継承者、忠興は千利休の高弟として、文化面でも重きをなした。
- Yusai and Tadaoki were also influential in the cultural field, as Yusai was a successor of Kokin denju (the secret transmissions of the 'Kokinshu,' Anthology of Old and New Japanese Poems) and Tadaoki was a high-caliber disciple of SEN no Rikyu.
- 孫の道意の時に宇津を名のり、その五代後の宇津z忠俊が大久保氏の祖とされる。
- His grandson, Doi took the surname of Utsu, and Tadatoshi UTSU, the fifth generation from him is said to be the founder of the Okubo clan.
- 御家人には軍忠状を提出して軍功と引き換えに恩賞を請求する権利が与えられた。
- Gokenin (shogunal retainers) were given rights to claim rewards for their meritorious performance in battle by submitting service citations.
- 事実、忠真は肥後国の加藤清正に対し仇を討つための助力を願う密使を送っている。
- In fact, Tadamasa had sent a secret messenger to Kiyomasa KATO in Higo Province to ask for his help in vengeance.
- この政策は、忠棟が熱心な一向宗門徒であったことが関係しているとする説がある。
- According to an opinion, this policy was related to the fact that Tadamune was a devoted Ikko believer.
- 大久保忠隣や本多正純のように幕府内部の権力闘争に敗れて改易された大名もいた。
- Furthermore, there were Daimyo such as Tadachika OKUBO and Masazumi HONDA who were subject to kaieki because they lost the power struggle inside the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 朝廷の権威が衰え、天下は再び朱全忠・李克用らの藩鎮勢力が合い争う時代となる。
- Authority of the imperial court weakened, and the country entered a period of fighting between the hanchin forces of Quanzhong ZHU and Keyong LI.
- 「亡君の意思を継いで主が仇を討とうというのは比類なき忠義のことだとは思う。」
- It was incredibly faithful of them to carry out their lord's will and avenge him.'
- 一時は老中水野忠邦もこの集団に注目し、西洋対策に知恵を借りようと試みていた。
- Tadakuni MIZUNO, who took up a post as a Roju (member of shogun's council of elders), paid attentions to this group and attempted to pick their brains in order to take measures against the West.
- の6人だけで、世嗣となる子供を産んだのは2代徳川秀忠正室の崇源院だけである。
- Only the above six Midaidokoro were granted official court rank and only Sugenin, the second Shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA's lawful wife delivered a successor.
- 忠烈王の発言は王権を保つためにクビライの意を迎えようとしたとする見解がある。
- Some consider that King Chungnyeol gave that opinion in order to preserve the power of the king, by attracting the intention of Kublai.
- 忠教の五男の難波頼輔は「本朝蹴鞠一道の長」と称されるほどの蹴鞠の名人だった。
- Yorisuke NANBA (the fifth son of Tadanori) was a skillful player of the ball-kicking game 'Kemari,' praised as 'the best Kemari player in the Imperial Court.'
- しかし、源義家の子、源義親の代に失脚すると、代わって平忠盛が正四位に昇った。
- However, when Seiwa-Genji lost its power in the generation of MINAMOTO no Yoshichika, who was a son of MINAMOTO no Yoshiie, TAIRA no Tadamori was promoted to shoshii instead.
- 翌嘉応2年(1170年)正月5日には時忠の後任として検非違使別当に就任した。
- On January 30, 1170, he took the post of Kebiishi no betto from TAIRA no Tokitada.
- そして、酒井忠次・奥平信昌に信州路を進ませる一方で自身は7月には甲斐へ入った。
- In July and August, having ordered Tadatsugu SAKAI and Nobumasa OKUDAIRA to advance along the Shinshu road, Ieyasu himself entered Kai.
- しかし和田義盛はこの御教書を北条方へ送って頼家を裏切り、仁田忠常は滅ぼされた。
- However, Yoshimori WADA betrayed Yoriie by sending this migyosho to the Hojo and Tadatsune NITA was killed.
- 徳川秀忠が将軍に就任し、書院番・小姓組(創設当初は花畑番)が新たに創設された。
- When Tadahide TOKUGAWA was installed as Shogun, Shoinban and Koshogumi (originally it was called Hanabatake-ban [literally, 'Guards at the Flower Garden' because there was a flower garden in front of Kuroshoin-saikonoma, the first place where Koshogumi guarded]) were newly created.
- 3月11日、徳川家康と穴山梅雪は織田信忠に面会し、今後についての相談を行った。
- On March 11, 1582, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Baisetsu ANAYAMA met with Nobutada ODA, and discussed the future.
- なお藤孝の長子である忠興は、幼少期に将軍家の命で奥州家細川輝経の養子となった。
- Moreover, the first son of Fujitaka, Tadaoki became adopted child of Terutsune HOSOKAWA of the Oshu family when he was young, with an order of the Shogun family.
- 愛親の曾孫の中山忠能(ただやす)は明治天皇の生母中山慶子(やすこ)の父である。
- Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, who was a great-grandchild of Naruchika, was the father of Yasuko NAKAYAMA, who was the biological mother of the Emperor Meiji.
- ちなみに、後醍醐天皇の忠臣として名高い千種忠顕は有忠の子(有光の兄弟)である。
- In addition, Tadaaki CHIGUSA, who was well known as a trusted vassal of Emperor Godaigo, was the son of Aritada and the brother of Arimitsu.
- なお、豪徳寺とは、一族の吉良政忠が世田谷城の域内に創建した弘徳院が前身である。
- In addition, the Gotoku-ji Temple is formally established as the Kotoku-in Temple, which was built within the premises of Setagaya-jo Castle, by Masatada KIRA from Oshu Kira clan family.
- 軍忠状(ぐんちゅうじょう)とは、中世日本において、参陣や軍功などを証する書類。
- Gunchujo were documents that proved participation in battles and other military exploits in medieval Japan.
- 植民地時代には大和(やまと)町と改称され、現在のソウル特別市中区忠武路である。
- The place was renamed Yamato cho in the Korean colonial era, and now is Chung Mu Ro, Jung Ward, Seoul Special City.
- そのため、師元の日記から後日になって忠実の言談のみを抄出したとする見方もある。
- This is why Chugaisho is sometimes viewed as the selection of Tadazane's discourse from Moromoto's diary.
- 後に藤原忠平の邸宅となり、外孫の憲平親王(後の冷泉天皇)の立太子礼を執り行った。
- The estate was later owned by FUJIWARA no Tadahira who used it to hold a Rittaishirei ceremony to install his grandson Imperial Prince Norihira (who went on to become the Emperor Reizei) as Crown Prince.
- 公儀及び毛利にたいして忠節をつくすので、望みを任せるように本願寺は最善をつくす。
- As he remains faithful to the shogunate and the Mori clan, the Hongan-ji Temple should try its best so that the wish could be realized.
- 庄内軍記によれば、忠真の兵力は2万人と記されているが、実際は8千人程度であった。
- According to the Shonai Gunki, Tadazane's forces numbered 20,000, but actually they were about 8,000.
- その後、忠恒は、野之美谷と志和地の間の森田に陣を築き、志和地城を兵糧攻めにした。
- Afterward, Tadatsune set camp in Morita between Nonomitani and Shiwachi, and laid siege to Shiwachi-jo Castle.
- 後に惟武の曾孫・阿蘇惟歳が惟村の孫・阿蘇惟忠の養子となることでひとまず和解する。
- The conflict was resolved when a great-grandson of Koretake, Koretoshi ASO, became an adopted son of a Koretada ASO, a grandson of Koremura.
- 島津軍は川上忠実に数百の兵を与えて泗川古城を守らせ、およそ1万石の食糧を置いた。
- Shimazu Army provided several hundred soldiers to Tadazane KAWAKAMI to defend the old Sacheon Waeseong and left ten thousand koku (1 koku=180.4 liters) worth of food.
- 直方は国家の公認のもとに、平忠常ら良文流平氏を排除する立場を得ることに成功した。
- Under the official recognition of the state, Naokata succeeded in obtaining the position to exclude the Taira clan of Yoshifumi line, including TAIRA no Tadatsune.
- そのために老中水野忠邦に叱責されたこともあって、鳥居は政敵としても警戒していた。
- As a result, Torii was given a reprimand by the roju (senior councilor) Tadakuni MIZUNO, and Torii regarded Egawa as a political rival.
- 徳川方の酒井忠次、小笠原信興の隊が朝倉軍に攻撃したのを皮切りに合戦が開始された。
- First, the troops of Tadatsugu SAKAI and Nobuoki OGASAWARA from Tokugawa side attacked Asakura troops, then the battle broke out.
- 大石良雄(赤穂藩浅野家首席家老。元禄赤穂事件で名をあげ、忠臣蔵の主人公となった)
- Yoshio OISHI (the chief Karo officer of the Asano family in the Ako domain. He became famous due to the Ako Incident in the Genroku era, becoming the main character in the Chushingura story [a story of loyal retainers].)
- ここで嫡男・織田信忠から高遠城主仁科盛信の首が届き、これを長良川の河原に晒した。
- He then received the head of Morinobu NISHINA, Lord of Takato-jo Castle, from his legitimate son, Nobutada ODA, and exposed the head to public view along the Nagara-gawa River.
- 元禄12年に兄忠盈の死により岡崎藩を相続し、同年従五位下に任官し大監物を名乗る。
- In 1699, he inherited the Okazaki Domain upon his older brother Tadamitsu's death and was appointed as Jugoinoge and referred to himself as Daikenmotsu.
- 正徳3年(1713年)、父忠直の死により松本藩を相続し、名乗りを出羽守に改める。
- In 1713, he inherited the Matsumoto Domain upon his father, Tadanao's death, and changed his post name to Dewa no kami.
- 安倍氏は婚姻などによって勢力を拡大し、忠良の子、安倍頼時の代に最も勢力を広げた。
- The Abe clan extended their power through marriages and so on, and they were most influential in the time of ABE no Yoritoki who was a child of Tadayoshi.
- また、歴史上天皇家に対して忠節を尽くした人物の子孫もこの時代に華族となっている。
- In addition, the descendants of the persons who had been especially loyal to the Imperial family were also raised to kazoku in this period.
- 明治維新後には、幕末からの功績を認められて忠能は侯爵に叙せられ、神祇官を務めた。
- After the Meiji Restoration, his achievements since the end of the Edo Period was appreciated and the peerage of count was conferred on Tadayasu and he served as Jingikan (department of worship).
- 白河天皇による院政が始まると、平忠盛は院近臣の郎党となって白河院に接近してゆく。
- When Emperor Shirakawa started the cloister government, TAIRA no Tadamori became roto (retainer) of in no kinshin (retired Emperor's courtier) to approach Shirakawa-in.
- 知足院関白・藤原忠実(1078―1162)の言談を大外記中原師元が筆録したもの。
- NAKAHARA no Moromoto, Daigeki (senior secretary), transcribed the discourse of FUJIWARA no Tadazane (1078-1162), Kanpaku (chief adviser to the emperor) of Chisoku-in Temple.
- 壬生浪士(みぶろうし)あるいは精忠浪士(せいちゅうろうし)は、新選組の前身集団。
- Mibu Roshi, or Seichu Roshi, is a predecessor of the Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
- その後、安忠は上野国館林藩主(現在の群馬県館林市)徳川綱吉に仕えて勘定頭を務めた。
- Yasutada later became a retainer of Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, who was the lord of Tatebayashi, Kozuke no kuni Province (the present-day Tatebayashi City, Gunma Prefecture) and became kanjo gashira (chief treasurer).
- その後、他の外城も順次降伏し、忠真は、家康の調停を受け入れ、3月15日、降伏した。
- The other outer castles were then surrendered in turn, and Tadamasa accepted Ieyasu's peace terms and surrendered on April 28.
- 一方、織田信忠勢は武田残党の追討を開始し、残党が逃げ込んだ恵林寺(甲州市)を包囲。
- Meanwhile, Nobutada ODA's army started hunting down and killing the remnants of the Takeda clan and besieged Erin-ji Temple (in present-day Koshu City), where enemies sought shelter.
- 慶長4年(1599年)3月9日、伏見島津邸に於いて島津忠恒が伊集院忠棟を斬殺した。
- On April 4, 1599, Tadamune IJUIN was killed by Tadatsune SHIMAZU's sword at the Fushimi Shimazu residence.
- 伊集院忠棟は、島津義久の筆頭家老であり、島津氏の九州制覇のため活躍した功臣である。
- Tadamune IJUIN was Yoshihisa SHIMAZU's chief vassal and an important follower who worked for the Shimazu clan in the conquest of Kyushu.
- 秀忠は数日を空しく費やした後で昌幸の真意を知り激怒、上田城攻略を決意したとされる。
- It is said that Hidetada, after vainly spending several days, knew Masayuki's intent and was inflamed with rage, and resolved to capture Ueda-jo Castle.
- なお『吾妻鏡』によれば、畠山重忠は範頼の大手軍に属しており、義経の軍勢にはいない。
- However, according to the 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East), Shigetada HATAKEYAMA belonged to the Ote army of Noriyori and did not belong to Yoshitsune's army.
- 興元の興の字は兄・細川忠興からのもので、元の字は藤孝の養父・元常に因むといわれる。
- It is said that the letter '興' in Okimoto (興元) was after his older brother Tadaoki (忠興) HOSOKAWA, and the letter '元' was after Mototsune (元常), the foster father of Fujitaka.
- 当時、忠信は大納言の地位にあり、討幕計画に関与した公家の中では最も官位が高かった。
- At that point in time Tadanobu held the position of Dainagon (Major Counselor), making him the man of the highest official rank of all the noblemen who participated in the plan to strike down the shogunate.
- 有忠の子の六条有光は六条家で唯一人の源氏長者(奨学院・淳和院両別当)になっている。
- Arimitsu ROKUJO, the son of Aritada, was the only one, who became the head of the Minamoto clan (Chief of both Shogakuin and Junnain Temples).
- 細川綱利時代に忠春の子・忠重(忠季)が計6千石を継ぎ、子孫は代々一門首座に列した。
- In the time of Tsunatoshi HOSOKAWA, Tadashige (Tadasue), the son of Tadaharu, succeeded the total of 6000 koku, and his descendant successively ranked as the head of the family.
- 忠久は比企氏の乱で一時失脚するも後に復権、戦国大名島津氏の経済基盤になるにいたる。
- After Tadahisa was briefly overthrown in a conflict with the Hiki clan, the manor was reinstated and became an economic base of the Shimazu clan of Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period).
- 直友は、義久と忠恒から「忠真が降伏すれば今までどおり召抱える。」という証文をとった。
- Naotomo had a letter of proof from Yoshihisa and Tadatsune stating, 'If Tadamasa surrenders, you will continue to be vassals as before.'
- 長尾軍の中でも動揺が起こっていたらしく、景虎は諸将に忠誠を確認する誓紙を求めている。
- It can be assumed that unrest took place among Nagao's forces as well, and Kagetora requested his military commanders to submit a written oath showing loyalty to him.
- ちなみに中国国内で皇帝の位を帝位と呼び、通常はこれをとることは不義不忠とされている。
- The imperial title was called crown (帝位) in China and it was usually considered disloyal to take over it.
- この失態に家康は激怒し、秀忠にしばらくは対面することすら許さなかったと言われている。
- Ieyasu became furious at this gaffe and it is said that he did not even allow Hidetada to see him for a while.
- 元禄赤穂事件には忠臣蔵への演劇化による脚色も手伝って逸話や伝承の類が多く残っている。
- The Genroku Ako Incident has many anecdotes and oral traditions left, especially due to the dramatization of Chushingura.
- 長元3年(1030年)3月、忠常は安房国の国衙を襲撃して、安房守藤原光業を放逐した。
- In March 1030, Tadatsune attacked the kokuga and ejected FUJIWARA no Mitsunari, Awa no kami (Governor of Awa Province).
- 幕閣でも川路聖謨や岩瀬忠震らの非門閥の開明派幕臣が処罰され、謹慎などの処分となった。
- Even Shogunate cabinet officials Toshiakira KAWAJI and Tadanari IWASE, Kaimei group shogunal retainers of poor lineage, were subject to punishment such as house arrest.
- そんな中、重忠の子・畠山重保が時政と牧の方の娘婿である平賀朝雅と対立することとなる。
- At that time, Shigetada's son, Shigeyasu HATAKEYAMA, was opposed to Tomomasa HIRAGA, the husband of Tokimasa and Maki no kata's daughter.
- 正徳2年に忠位の養子となり徳川家宣に初めて披露され、従五位下に任官し壱岐守を名乗る。
- In 1712, he was adopted by Tadatura and was first introduced by Ienobu TOKUGAWA; he referred to himself as Iki no kami (Governor of Iki Province) after he was appointed as Jugoinoge.
- ちなみに、新田荘領家である藤原忠雅も平清盛に近づき太政大臣にまで昇進した公卿である。
- By comparison, the ryoke of Nitta no sho estate, FUJIWARA no Tadamasa is a Kugyo (top court official) who also approached TAIRA no Kiyomori and was promoted as high as the Daijo-daijin (grand minister of state).
- 廃嫡された忠隆は、京都で謹慎蟄居して長岡休無と号して祖父・細川幽斎の許に身を寄せた。
- Disinherited Tadataka stayed at his grand father Yusai HOSOKAWA, and was at Kinshin Chikkyo (being placed in confinement at home) in Kyoto, naming himself Kyumu NAGAOKA.
- 専横を振るった細川政元も香西元長・薬師寺長忠らに暗殺された(1507年永正の錯乱)。
- Masamoto HOSOKAWA, who had been extremely domineering, was assassinated by Motonaga KOZAI, Nagatada YAKUSHIJI and so on (Eisho Disturbance in 1507).
- 三浦義村の軍勢がこれを攻め、藤原秀康、山田重忠は敗走し、三浦胤義は奮戦して自害した。
- Yoshimura MIURA's forces attacked them at Toji temple and routed Hideyasu FUJIWARA and Shigetada YAMADA, while Taneyoshi MIURA fought to the last and in the end took his own life.
- 上皇に見捨てられた藤原秀康、三浦胤義、山田重忠ら京方の武士は東寺に立て篭もって抵抗。
- Betrayed by the retired Emperor Gotoba, Hideyasu FUJIWARA, Taneyoshi MIURA, Shigetada YAMADA and the other samurai of the capital faction holed up in Toji temple and fought back.
- また、朝鮮の役で出陣した忠恒らの遠征軍に対して、国元からの補給が満足に行われなかった。
- Moreover, the domain failed in sending sufficient supplies to the troops that Tadatsune led during the Korean invasion.
- 同年7月 (旧暦)、徳川秀忠の娘である千姫が秀吉の遺言に基づき子の豊臣秀頼に輿入した。
- Senhime, a daughter of Hideyori TOYOTOMI, married Hideyori TOYOTOMI according to Hideyoshi's will in July (the old calendar) of the same year.
- 天王寺口は本多忠朝ら16,200が展開し、その後方に徳川家康15,000が本陣を置く。
- Tadatomo HONDA troop was deployed at Tennoji-guchi and the headquarters of 15,000 soldiers of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was positioned in its back.
- また逆に三代将軍徳川家光の場合、治世の初期は大御所・徳川秀忠に従う存在でしかなかった。
- On the other hand, the third shogun Iemitsu TOKUGAWA was completely different, and during the early stage of his reign, he simply followed Ogosho Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
- 安禄山は楊国忠と玄宗の寵愛を争うが、この争いは常に玄宗の傍に居る楊国忠が有利であった。
- Lushan AN competed against Guozhong YANG to win Xuanzong's favor, but Guozhong YANG had an advantage in this war because he was always by Xuanzong's side.
- 一度は蟄居を余儀なくされた尼子経久が謀略をもって再起すると、忠扶は尼子経久に帰順した。
- When Tsunehisa AMAGO, who was once under house arrest, rose again by stratagem, Tadasuke returned his allegiance to Tsunehisa AMAGO.
- この外国船打ち払いには、過激な攘夷派公卿の侍従中山忠光が長州藩に招かれて加わっていた。
- Chamberlain Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA was one of the members who participated in this gunfire on the foreign ships; he was a radical court noble who firmly believed in expulsion of foreigners and was invited by Choshu Domain to this gunfire.
- 頼信は常陸介在任中に忠常を臣従させており、事態の穏便な解決のためには最適と考えられた。
- Tadatsune served Yorinobu when he was appointed as Hitachi no suke and Yorinobu thought that he was best suited to settling the situation peacefully.
- 頼信は直ぐには出立せず、準備を整えた上で忠常の子の一法師をともなって甲斐国へ下向した。
- Yorinobu did not depart soon, but after making good preparations, he left down for Kai Province with his son, Ipposhi.
- 烏合の衆である天誅組はたちまち大混乱に陥り、公家の忠光にこれをまとめる能力はなかった。
- Tenchu-gumi fell into a great confusion as soon as it was attacked by cannons and guns as they were simply disorderly crowds; Tadamitsu, who was a court noble, had no ability to restore the order lost among his soldiers.
- 特に「忠節」の項において「政論に惑わず政治に拘わらず」と軍人の政治への不関与を命じる。
- Particularly in the point of 'loyalty,' military men were ordered not to engage in politics, saying 'Military men are neither perplexed at political opinions nor involved in politics.'
- さらにボアソナードのいう軍事行動も含む強硬な外交姿勢も、日本は忠実に実行に移している。
- Besides, Japan faithfully practiced the hard diplomatic attitude including military action as recommended by Boissonade.
- 関ヶ原の戦いにおいて三成が敗れたことにより逃亡、細川忠興に追い討ちをかけられ自害した。
- However, Shigekatsu who escaped when Mitsunari was defeated in the Battle of Sekigahara, was pursued and attacked by Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, and subsequently killed himself.
- 和泉上守護家の藤孝の子・忠興が戦国時代末期の当主細川輝経の養子となり奥州家を継承した。
- Tadaoki, the son of Fujitaka of the Shugo family of upper Izumi Province, became an adopted child to Terutsune HOSOKAWA, the family head in the end of Sengoku Period, and inherited the Oshu family.
- これに対し、対馬藩主・宗義成は忠告のみでお咎めなし、密告した柳川は津軽へ流罪とされた。
- For this, the bakufu only admonished Yoshinari SO, the lord of the Tsushima Domain without any penalty, but Yanagawa who blew the whistle was exiled to Tsugaru.
- 江戸市中の治安を担当した庄内藩や勘定奉行小栗忠順らは激昂し、江戸薩摩藩邸の焼討事件した。
- Angered by that action, the Shonai clan, in charge of keeping the peace of Edo city, and Tadamasa OGURI, kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance of the bakufu), burned the residence of the Satsuma clan.
- 8月12日、氏忠・氏勝勢10,000が家康の背後を襲うべく甲斐東部の郡内地方へ進撃した。
- On September 8, 10,000 soldiers led by Ujitada and Ujikatsu advanced to the Gunnai district in eastern Kai, in order to attack Ieyasu from behind.
- 忠次はその後譜代大名として武蔵小室藩の初代藩主となり、長男の伊奈忠政が2代藩主となった。
- Subsequently, Tadatsugu, as a fudai daimyo (a daimyo as hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) became the first lord of the Musashikomuro Domain, with his eldest son Tadamasa INA inherited as the second lord.
- 畿内方面:明智光秀を方面軍総司令官として、与力に細川藤孝・細川忠興父子や筒井順慶を配属。
- Kinai region: Mitsuhide AKECHI was appointed as commander in chief on the region, and Fujitaka HOSOKAWA and his son, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, and Junkei TSUTSUI were assigned as yoriki.
- 瑤泉院はそれに激高し「不忠臣の焼香など殿は望まない。失せよ」と大石をののしって追い払う。
- Yozenin became very angry and sent him away by saying 'I do not want incense to be offered from such an unfaithful retainer. Leave.'
- 忠季以降の安東氏は、檜山築城や寺院建立を行う一方で蝦夷島の経営にも努め檜山屋形と称した。
- The Ando clan as from Tadasue's generation, was engaged in the management of Ezogashima under the name of Hiyama Yakata, while constructing the Hiyama-jo Castle and temples.
- 宣忠の時、本山氏、大平、山田などの諸族とともに長宗我部兼序を攻め滅ぼし、勢力を拡大する。
- In Nobutada's days, with the Motoyama clan and the Ohira clan, the Yamada clan so on, the Kira clan conquered Kanetsugu CHOSOKABE and expanded their power.
- 次に軍忠の具体的事実、例えば合戦への従軍・敵に与えた損害・自軍の損害といったことを書く。
- Next came further details about the war or battle in which the vassal served, what damage was afflicted on the enemy, and what damage its own forces suffered.
- 参加武将:平知盛・平経盛・平教盛・平教経・平資盛・平有盛・平行盛・平時忠・平清宗・平景清
- Other military commanders who took part in the battle (all of whom were of the Taira clan): TAIRA no Tomomori, Tsunemori, Norimori, Noritsune, Sukemori, Arimori, Yukimori, Tokitada, Kiyomune, and Kagekiyo.
- だが、一豊は徳川家康、徳川秀忠に、旧臣の長宗我部氏の家臣達を排除する事を命令されていた。
- However, Kazutoyo was ordered by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Hidetada TOKUGAWA to exclude the vassals of the former lordship, the Chosokabe clan.
- 細川忠興が小倉藩主となった際に、家臣となった朝鮮人陶工に命じて焼かせたものが発祥とする。
- It originated with the pottery made by Korean potters who became vassals of Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, when the latter became the daimyo of the Kokura clan.
- 庄内軍記によれば、忠恒の兵力は10万人と記されているが、実際は3万から4万人程度であった。
- According to the Shonai Gunki, Tadatsune's forces numbered approximately 100,000, but actually they amounted to about 30,000 to 40,000.
- 忠真は志和地城へ食糧を送り込もうとしたがうまくいかなかったので、城内の窮乏は甚だしかった。
- Since Tadamasa tried to send food to Shiwachi-jo Castle but couldn't succeed, the starvation within the castle was severe.
- 義久が降った後も、飯野城に籠った島津義弘、婿養子の忠隣を殺された島津歳久らの抵抗が続いた。
- Even after the surrender of Yoshihisa, Yoshihiro SHIMAZU stayed in Iino-jo Castle and Toshihisa SHIMAZU, whose adopted son-in-law, Tadachika, was killed, continued resistance.
- なお、蒲生氏郷の孫蒲生忠知の死後、無嗣断絶に至った御家騒動もまた、蒲生騒動と呼ばれている。
- The family dispute, which led to extinction of a family line after the death of Tadatomo GAMO, who was the grandson of Ujisato GAMO, is also called as Gamo Sodo.
- 秀忠は上田城が予想外に頑強であることに驚き、上田城に押さえの兵を残して先を急ぐことにする。
- Hidetada was surprised that Ueda-jo Castle was so robust beyond expectations and decided to hurry to his destination leaving the closer troops at Ueda-jo Castle.
- 「一、内匠頭家臣達は真の忠義者であるので、このままお預りにしておき、いずれは赦免すべき。」
- 2, Retainers of Takumi no Kami should be confined and later forgiven since they are true loyal retainers.
- 中山忠光は辛くも敵の重囲をかいくぐり脱出に成功、27日に大坂に到着して長州藩邸に匿われた。
- Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA had a narrow escape from enemy's heavy siege and arrived at Osaka on November 8; soon after he was sheltered in a residence of Choshu Domain.
- 元晴は大坂の陣においても徳川方として奮戦し、戦後は高力忠房と共に大坂方の残党狩りを務めた。
- Motoharu also fought with the Tokugawa camp in the Siege of Osaka and served after the war in hunting down survivors of Osaka (Toyotomi) side, together with Tadafusa KORIKI.
- 将門の主人の太政大臣藤原忠平が事の実否を調べることにし、御教書を下して使者を東国へ送った。
- The Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister of the state), who was also Masakado's employer, FUJIWARA no Tadahira, wanted to investigate the situation, so he issued a migyosho (a document of the Shogunate order) and dispatched an envoy to Togoku.
- Masakado's master, the Daijodaijin (Grand minister of state), FUJIWARA no Tadahira, decided to investigate the truth of the matter, and to that end, issued a migyosho (a document for informing people of the decision of Third Rank or upper people) and sent an emissary to the eastern provinces.
- 今井町の西口にあることから郡山城主徳川家康の孫松平忠明にすすめられて以後今西姓を名乗った。
- As the family settled in the western ('nishi' in Japanese) end of Imai Town, it followed the advice of Tadaakira MATSUDAIRA, the lord of Koriyama Castle and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's grandson, and used 'Imanishi' as a family name.
- 寛文7年(1667年)乱心して正室の水野監物忠善の娘に傷を負わせ、自らも自害しようとする。
- In 1667, he went mad and wounded his lawful wife, MIZUNO kenmotsu Tadayoshi's daughter, and tried to kill himself.
- 徳川家康家臣→駿河大納言徳川忠長付家老→古河土井氏家臣と続いた朝倉氏(朝倉宣正系)がいる。
- There was an Asakura clan (Nobumasa ASAKURA line) that continued as this; a vassal of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, then Karo (the chief retainer) to Dainagon (major councilor) of Tadanaga TOKUGAWA of Suruga Province, then a vassal of the Furukawa-Doi clan.
- その後、緒川城主水野忠政のときには三河国碧海郡に勢力を伸ばして、刈谷城(刈谷市)に拠った。
- After that, during the time of Tadamasa MIZUNO, the lord of Ogawa-jo Castle, the Mizuno clan expanded their power as far as Aomi County, Mikawa Province and established their base at Kariya-jo Castle (Kariya City).
- すると、同国の大掾氏や下野の足利氏 (藤原氏)(足利忠綱)らがそれに同調する動きを見せた。
- Then, the Daijo clan in the same province and the Ashikaga clan (Tadatsuna ASHIKAGA)(Fujiwara clan) in Shimotsuke Province made a move to side with Yoshihiro.
- 明智光秀、細川忠興、筒井順慶、丹羽長秀、堀秀政、長谷川秀一、蒲生氏郷、高山右近、中川清秀他
- Mitsuhide AKECHI, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, Junkei TSUTSUI, Nagahide NIWA, Hidemasa HORI, Hidekazu HASEGAWA, Ujisato GAMO, Ukon TAKAYAMA, Kiyohide NAKAGAWA, etc.
- 忠親は後白河院や源頼朝に重用され、日記の現存期間は平氏の興隆から全盛、滅亡の時期にあたる。
- Tadachika was given important posts by Goshirakawa-in (the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa) and MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, and the diary's existent period stretches from the Taira clan's rise, through its golden days, to its fall.
- 忠恒のみならず家康も忠真に立腹したが、もはや島津の敵ではあるまいとこの場は許すに至っている。
- Not only Tadatsune but also Ieyasu was angry with Tadamasa; however, they decided to forgive him because he could no longer be a threat to the Shimazu clan.
- 一方、忠真が6月18日に川上忠智に送った書状では、「父の死後、すぐに義久様の元に伺いました。
- However, Tadazane sent a letter to Tadatomo KAWAKAMI on June 18 stating, 'I immediately paid a visit to the residence of Mr. Yoshihisa after my father's death.
- 島津義弘が救援に向かうが、根白坂の戦いで島津忠隣が戦死するなどの大敗を喫し、高城は陥落する。
- Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, who went to the rescue, suffered a crushing defeat and lost Tadachika SHIMAZU in the battle of Nejirozaka, and Taka-jo Castle was seized by Hidenaga.
- 本作品は高さ約90センチの金銅(銅に金メッキ)製の塔だが、木造建築の外観を忠実に模している。
- This work is a gilt copper pagoda approximately 90 cm high and the appearance of wooden structure has been exactly copied.
- 有房・有忠父子は歌人・書道家としても有名で、彼らの遺した作品は古筆家の間で重んじられている。
- Arifusa and his son, Aritada were also well known as excellent poets and calligraphers, and their works are still highly praised among experts on ancient writing.
- 晴元の忠実な家臣で晴元の勢力を軍事面で支えていた三好政長を摂津国榎並に破った(江口の戦い)。
- Nagayoshi beat Nagamasa MIYOSHI who had been a loyal vassal of Harumoto and supported Harumoto's power in the military side in Enami, Settsu Province (the Battle of Eguchi).
- 富家語(ふけご)は富家語談ともいい、富家殿と号した関白藤原忠実(1078―1162)の語録。
- Fukego or Fukegodan are the quotations from FUJIWARA no Tadazane (1078 - 1162), Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), otherwise known as Fuke-dono.
- なお大軍であるため信忠襲撃には別隊が京へ続くもうひとつの山道・明智越を使ったと言う説もある。
- There is a view that as the troops numbers were very large, a detached force took another mountain path to Kyoto, Akechigoe, to attack Nobutada.
- 大衆の上洛を防ぐため、宇治に平正盛・平忠盛・源重時が、西坂本に源光国・藤原盛重が配備された。
- To prevent monks from entering the capital, TAIRA no Masamori, TAIRA no Tadamori and MINAMOTO no Shigetoki were deployed to Uji, and MINAMOTO no Mitsukuni and FUJIWARA no Morishige to Nishi-Sakamoto.
- 実戦での最初の使用は、薩摩国の島津氏家臣の伊集院忠朗による大隅国の加治木城攻めであるとされる。
- It is said that the first use of guns in battle was seen in the attack on Kajiki-jo Castle in Osumi Province by Tadaaki IJUIN, a vassal of the Shimazu clan from Satsuma Province.
- この時、淀殿は会見を拒否し両者の関係は悪化するが家康は松平忠輝を大坂に遣わし融和に努めている。
- Yodo-dono then refused the meeting, which made their relationship bad, but Ieyasu sent Tadateru MATSUDAIRA to Osaka for reconciliation.
- しかし幕府方の本多忠政・稲葉正成などにより阻止され、被害は行軍に支障をきたす程度にとどまった。
- However, it was prevented by Tadamasa HONDA, Masashige INABA and others of the bakufu only to give a little trouble to their advances.
- 一方、松平忠輝は総大将を務める天王寺合戦で遅参したことが理由の一つとなり、翌年に改易となった。
- On the other hand, Tadateru MATSUDAIRA was given kaieki (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties) the next year partly because he arrived late for the Battle of Tenniji in which he was a supreme commander.
- また北条氏忠・北条氏勝らを御坂峠に張り付かせ、北条氏邦にも秩父市から甲斐を窺う体勢をとらせた。
- He also pinned Ujitada HOJO and Ujikatsu HOJO to Misaka-toge Pass, and compelled Ujikuni HOJO to observe Kai from Chichibu City.
- だが同月末には再度攻勢に出て、討伐に当たった杉若無心・桑山重晴・宇多頼忠らは苦戦を強いられた。
- However, it began to attack again at the end of November, and made Mushin SUGIWAKA, Shigeharu KUWAYAMA, Tadayori UTA and others face an uphill battle.
- その子伊奈忠基は松平広忠・徳川家康父子に仕えて三河国小島城(現在の愛知県西尾市)を居城とした。
- Tadamoto INA, Yasutsugu's son, served Hirotada MATSUDAIRA and his son Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, residing at Kojima-jo Castle in Mikawa Province (the present-day Nishio City, Aichi Prefecture).
- この場合には後継者がいても改易され、捕らえられた場合には「不忠」を理由に処刑される事もあった。
- When this occurred, kaieki was applied even though there was a successor, and when those who had run away were captured, they were sometimes executed because they were 'not loyal.'
- 門を叩き壊す音が『仮名手本忠臣蔵』で陣太鼓を打ち鳴らす音に変わったのではないかといわれている。
- It is assumed that the noise of breaking the gate was changed to the noise of banging the jin-daiko in 'Kanadehon Chushingura.'
- 将門は元主人の藤原忠平に良兼の暴状を訴え、同年12月、朝廷から良兼らの追捕の官符が発せられた。
- In December of that year, after Masakado complained to his former lord, FUJIWARA no Tadahira, about the violence caused by Yoshikane, the Imperial Court issued official documents from Dajokan, the Great Council of State, to find and capture Yoshikane and his army.
- 同名の本貫に、文禄の役時の日本の降将沙也可(金忠善)を始祖とするものがあるが別本貫扱いになる。
- Within the hongan with the same name, there is one that regards Sayaka (Kim Chung-seon) who was a Japanese general who surrendered at the Bunroku campaign as the originator, but it is treated as another hongan.
- これは中山忠能夫人が松浦家の出身であり、明治天皇の外戚に当たることが考慮されたと見られている。
- It is considered that this measure was taken because the wife of Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, a maternal relative of Emperor Meiji, came from the Matsuura family.
- しかし、後には長男で奥州家に養子に出した細川忠興(三斎)とともに織田信長の配下として活躍した。
- However, later he was actively involved as a vassal of Nobunaga ODA with his first son Tadaoki HOSOKAWA (Sansai), who was put up for adoption to the Oshu family.
- 信孝捜索も上記の信忠戦で屋根に光秀軍を上らせ殲滅させたことを咎めたのではないかという説がある。
- With respect to search by Nobutaka, there is a view which considers that it was just to blame Sakihisa for having allowed Mitsuhide's army to climb on the roof to attack and kill Nobutada.
- しかし、後世の史料であるが「庄内陣記」には義弘・忠恒が共謀し義久が同意を与えたという記述がある。
- However, although it was written later, 'Shonai Jinki' (Shonai war chronicle) has an entry stating that Yoshihiro and Tadatsune had conspired together while Yoshihisa gave his consent to the plan.
- 義久は、忠棟殺害は忠恒の独断によるものであり、自分は全く関与していないと石田三成に弁明している。
- Yoshihisa explained to Mitsunari ISHIDA that Takamune's assassination was solely Tadatsune's decision and he was not involved in any way.
- 後に石田三成に仕えたものが多く、その多くが忠誠を誓い、関ヶ原の戦いで奮戦し、ほとんどが戦死した。
- Many of those who belonged to Wakae Hachinin-shu later served Mitsunari ISHIDA, and they pledged their loyalty to their master and fought in the Battle of Sekigahara, as a result of which most of them died.
- しかし、やがて阿蘇氏は惟歳・阿蘇惟家 父子と惟忠・阿蘇惟憲父子の間で当主の座を巡る争いが起こる。
- Later on, however, a fight over the position of the head of the clan started with Koretoshi ASO and his son Koreie opposing Koretada ASO and his son Korenori.
- 10日に家康は府中の留守を鳥居元忠ら2,000に任せ新府城に陣を移し、徳川方は8,000となる。
- On the sixth, Ieyasu moved his camp to Shinpu-jo Castle, entrusting Fuchu to 2,000 soldiers led by Mototada TORII, which made the army of Tokugawa 8,000 in total.
- 秀吉は八代、水俣を経て島津方の予想を上回る速さで出水にまで進軍し、出水城主島津忠辰を降伏させた。
- Hideyoshi advanced to Izumi via Yatsushiro and Minamata faster than expected by the Shimazu side, and made Tadatoki SHIMAZU, the lord of Izumi-jo Castle, surrender.
- 平忠常の乱(たいらのただつねのらん)は平安時代に房総半島(上総国、下総国、安房国)で起きた反乱。
- The revolt of TAIRA no Tadatsune occurred in the Boso peninsula (Kazusa, Shimousa, Awa Provinces) in the Heian period.
- 平将門の子孫に当たる平忠常が乱を起こし、朝廷は討伐軍を派遣するが3年にわたって鎮圧できなかった。
- TAIRA no Tadatsune who was a descendant of TAIRA no Masakado raised a revolt and the Imperial Court dispatched a punitive force, but they could not suppress it for over three years.
- 梶原氏、比企氏と有力御家人を滅ぼした北条時政の次の標的は、武蔵国に大勢力を誇る畠山重忠であった。
- Tokimasa HOJO's next target after overthrowing senior vassals, the Kajiwara and Hiki clans was Shigetada HATAKEYAMA who had strong power in Musashi Province.
- 於大の方は兄の水野信元が信秀についたために、1544年(天文13年)9月頃、広忠と離縁している。
- ODAI no kata divorced Hirotada in September 1544 because her brother, Nobumoto MIZUNO sided with Nobuhide.
- 丹下健三、槇文彦、安藤忠雄など世界的な評価を得る建築家も増え、日本の現代建築のレベルは上昇した。
- Japan began to foster many internationally renowned architects such as Kenzo TANGE, Fumihiko MAKI and Tadao ANDO, and the standard of modern architecture in Japan improved.
- 越前守でもあった平忠盛は日宋貿易に着目し、後院領である肥前国神崎荘を知行して独自に交易を行った。
- TAIRA no Tadamori, who was also Echizen no kami (Governor of Echizen Province), aiming at the trade between Japan and China, governed Kanzaki no sho (imperial estate) in Hizen Province which was goinryo (lands attached to the place of a retired emperor), and did his own trade.
- 太平の世にありながら尾張藩を仮想敵国とした軍備の強化に奔走し、そのことを巡り嫡子忠春と対立した。
- Even during the time of peace, he busied himself with the reinforcement of army against his own imagined enemy, Owari Domain; however, this led him confront with his legitimate child, Tadaharu, who was against this.
- 宝暦1年(1751年)に忠辰の養子として徳川家重に披露され、同年従五位下に任官し織部正を名乗る。
- He was introduced by Ieshige TOKUGAWA as the adopted son of Tadatoki and after he was appointed as Jugoinoge in 1751, he referred to himself as Oribe no kami (Director of Weaving Office).
- 正徳 (日本)1年(1711年)に2代肥前守忠位が大坂定番に就任した際に加増されて大名に列した。
- In 1711 when the second generation of this family, Tadatsura, Hizen no kami (Governor of Hizen Province), became the Guards of Osaka-jo Castle, he was promoted to the level of daimyo.
- 安永6年(1777年)に徳川家治に初めて披露され、翌年水野忠隣の末期養子となりその家を相続する。
- He was first introduced by Ieharu TOKUGAWA in 1777 and became Tadachika MIZUNO's matsugo yoshi in the following year and succeeded to his house.
- 慶長12年(1607年)に徳川秀忠に初めて披露され、慶長17年に従五位下に任官し大和守を名乗る。
- He was first introduced by Hidetada TOKUGAWA in 1607 and referred to himself as Yamto no kami (Governor of Yamato Domain) after he was appointed as Jugoinoge in 1612.
- 政季が築城を開始して忠季が1495年(明応4年)頃に修築を完了したのが、檜山安東氏城館跡である。
- The site of the Hiyama Ando clan's castle, is which Masasue began constructing and Tadasue completed the restoration in 1495.
- 藩祖の興元は細川忠興の弟にあたるが、谷田部藩は熊本藩の支藩ではなく、れっきとした独立の藩である。
- The founder of the clan, Okimoto was a younger brother of Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, but the Yatabe clan was not a branch clan of the Kumamoto clan, it was an independent clan.
- また、その子平忠盛は白河天皇の御厩別当となり、白河院の御牧と、そこを拠点とする武士団を統括した。
- Furthermore, his son, TAIRA no Tadamori became the Mimaya-Betto (chief of Umaya-no-tsukasa, ministry of the stables) of Emperor Shirakawa and unified the Mimaki of Shirakawa-in (Retired Emperor Shirakawa) and bushidan that used it as their base.
- 家忠は「花山院」と号し、その子孫は花山院流と呼ばれて、その宗家である花山院家が代々花山院を領した。
- As Ietada called himself 'Kazanin', his descendants were called the 'Kazanin-ryu line', and the head family of the Kazanin-ryu line had owned the Kazanin residence for generations.
- ちなみにこの本多氏は、徳川四天王で有名な本多忠勝や徳川家康側近の本多正信らとは何の血縁関係もない。
- There was no blood relationship between this Honda clan and Tadakatsu HONDA, who is known as one of Tokugawa-shitenno (four generals serving Ieyasu TOKUGAWA), or Masanobu HONDA, a close aide of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- そもそも、この作戦は20日夜の合同軍議中での酒井忠次による発案であったが、信長に一蹴されたという。
- Nobunaga initially rejected this operation outright when Tadatsugu SAKAI proposed it at the war council during the night of July 18.
- その際、対外交渉を統括する大宰府が、これを越権行為として批判したが、忠盛は院宣によりこれを抑えた。
- Then, Dazai-fu (local government office in Kyushu region), which controlled foreign relations, criticized these as unauthorized activities, but Tadamori suppressed the criticism through inzen (a decree from the retired Emperor).
- 翌年、その功績により旧領2000石に加えて新たに1000石を加増され、徳川秀忠の兵法指南役となる。
- In the following year, for the achievements in the battle, he was given additional stipend of 1,000 goku while maintaining the former stipend of 2,000 goku, and he was appointed to the instructor of Heiho for Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
- 旧米谷家(こめたにけ)住宅(重要文化財) -屋号を「米忠」といい、代々金具商、肥料商を営んでいた。
- Former Kometani Residence (Important Cultural Property): The Kometani family was a fittings and fertilizer merchant for generations, with the trade name of 'Yonetada.'
- 元和6年に水戸家徳川頼房附きとなり、安房国内に1万5000石の領地を与えられ名乗りを弾正忠とする。
- In 1620, they served under Yorifusa TOKUGAWA of the Mito family and was given 15,000 koku, thereafter, he changed his post name to Danjo no jo (a post named 'jo' [referring to a judge] in the 'Danjo' [referring to the Ministry of Justice]).
- 犯行時には四条隆平男爵が醍醐家を訪問しており格太郎を捕らえるも、忠敬とその長女為子が犠牲となった。
- When this was carried out, Takatoshi SHIJO, baron, visited the Daigo family and arrested Kakutaro, but Tadayuki and his eldest daughter, Tameko, were killed.
- 宗忠は日記『中右記』(「中御門右大臣日記」の意味)を著し、宗輔は「蜂飼大臣」の故事で知られている。
- Munetada wrote a diary called 'Chuyuki' (an abbreviation for 'Nakamikado Udaijin Nikki,' literally meaning the diary of Nakamikado, Minister of the Right), and Munesuke became known as 'Hachikai no Otodo' (the Beekeeper Minister of State) due to his obsession with bees.
- さらに同所で戦った武将の名前を挙げて、自身の軍忠の証明とする(具体的に名前を出さない場合もあり)。
- It also listed the busho (Japanese military commanders) with whom the vassal fought on the battlefield, in order to prove his superior military valor (the name of busho were sometimes not listed).
- 石井進の国衙軍制論の図にある地方豪族軍の左衛門大夫平惟基、前上総介平忠常らはそうした存在であった。
- TAIRA no Koremoto with the title of Saemon no taifu (Master of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards), and TAIRA no Tadatsune with the title of former Kazusa no suke (Assistant Governor of Kazusa Province) held on to such an existence in the diagram of the kokuga forces system of Susumu ISHII.
- しかし信忠は光秀軍は包囲検問をしているだろうからと逃亡をあきらめて、守りに向かない妙覚寺を離れた。
- However, Nobutada judged that Mitsuhide's troop must have surrounded and were executing inspection and gave up to run away and left the Myokaku-ji Temple which was not suitable for defense.
- それ以外でも他の大名家などへお預けとなり、厳しい監視の下で蟄居させられる(松平忠直・松平忠輝など)。
- Or, they may have been forced to stay with a different Daimyo family to live under strict surveillance (Tadanao MATSUDAIRA and Tadateru MATSUDAIRA, for example).
- その一方、織田政権崩壊の原因は、政権の構造的な問題より、むしろ織田信忠の死が大きいとする意見もある。
- On the other hand, according to a different view, the collapse of the Oda government was mainly caused by the death of Nobutada ODA, not by a structural problem within the government.
- 村岡は「すでに元信(家康)には結城秀康(於義丸)と徳川秀忠(長松・竹千代)という実子が生まれていた。
- According to MURAOKA, Ieyasu already had 2 biological children, Hideyasu YUKI (Otsugimaru) and Hidetada TOKUGAWA (Chomatsu, later Takechiyo).
- 同年9月、業を煮やした朝廷は平直方を召還し、代わって甲斐国守源頼信を追討使に任じて忠常討伐を命じた。
- In September of the same year, the frustrated imperial court recalled TAIRA no Naokata and appointed MINAMOTO no Yorinobu, Kai no kuni no Kami (officer in charge of regional administration in Kai) as tsuitoshi and ordered suppression of Tadatsune.
- もともと高次の正室は常高院(於初)であり、徳川秀忠の正室・於江の姉だったという関係があったのである。
- There was originally a relationship that a lawful wife of Takatsugu was Jokoin (Ohatsu) and was an older sister of Ogo, lawful wife of Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
- 当時、松平広忠は今川義元の庇護を受けるため、息子の竹千代(家康)を駿府に人質として送ろうとしていた。
- It was Hirotada MATSUDAIRA's intention to sell his son Takechiyo (Ieyasu) to Sunpu at that time in order to gain the support of Yoshimoto IMAGAWA.
- また、武田に処刑された鳥居強右衛門は後世に忠臣として名を残し、その子孫は奥平松平家家中で厚遇された。
- Suneemon TORII who was executed by Takeda earned his place in history as a loyal subject and his descendants were well treated by the Okudaira-Matsudaira family.
- 享保の改革で徳川吉宗を補佐した和泉守忠之や天保の改革を主導した水野忠邦等、著名な老中も輩出している。
- This family produced renowned roju, such as the Izumi no kami (Governor of Izumi Province) Tadayuki, who assisted Yoshimune TOKUGAWA during the Kyoho Reforms and Tadakuni MIZUNO, who led the Tenpo Reforms.
- 藤孝の子・細川忠興と明智光秀の娘・玉(細川ガラシャ)の婚礼における玉姫輿入請取役は康之が行っている。
- At the wedding between Tadaoki HOSOKAWA (a son of Fujitaka) and Princess Tama (Gracia HOSOKAWA, a daughter of Mitsuhide AKECHI), Yasuyuki served as the organizer for Tama.
- 氏満から数えて10代目に当たる幕末の範忠は書院番頭・講武所奉行・御側御用取次・外国奉行等を歴任した。
- Noritada, who was the 10th generation counting from Ujimitsu, lived at the end of the Edo period and consecutively held important positions such as the head of military patrol, magistrate of Kobusho (martial arts training institute), Osoba-goyotoritsugi (a military attache and attendant to Shogun to announce a visitor and convey the message), and magistrate of foreign affairs and so on.
- 勝頼を追う織田信忠は高遠城陥落の翌日、本陣を諏訪に進め、武田氏の庇護下にあった諏訪大社を焼き払った。
- To pursue Katsuyori, Nobutada ODA moved his army to Suwa on the day after the fall of Takato-jo Castle and burned down Suwa-taisha Shrine, which was under the protection of the Takeda clan.
- 忠平執政期ごろに、有力百姓層(富豪層)へ土地経営と納税を請け負わせる名田もしくは負名が開始していた。
- Around the time of Tadahira's administration, Myoden (rice field lots under the control of nominal holders) or Fumyo (tillers of public rice fields) were started; under either system, powerful farmers (the rich class) undertook management of rice fields and tax payments.
- 警備にあたっていた大江家仲・平康忠、一般官人や女房などが犠牲となるが、信西一門はすでに逃亡していた。
- Ienaka OE and TAIRA no Yasutada, who were in charged of the palace defense, gave up their lives along with many lesser officials and ladies in waiting, but Shinzei and his family had already escaped.
- その後計画に従い、京畿道、忠清道、全羅道の各日本軍はそれぞれ反転して朝鮮半島南岸に還り築城を開始する。
- Then, following the plan, the Japanese troops at Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do and Jeolla-do were reversed and went back to the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula in order to start building castles.
- 織田信忠の首こそ無事であったが、「荒木村重軍強し」との評判は京都まで伝わり今様が流行るまでにいたった。
- Although the head of Nobutada ODA was safe, news that 'Troops of Murashiga ARAKI was strong' was communicated even to Kyoto so that imayo (popular style of song since Heian period) became popular.
- 忠光を大将とする同志38人(内、土佐脱藩18人、久留米藩脱藩8人)は方広寺を出発して大和国へ向かった。
- The 38 comrades with the general Tadamitsu (among them were 18 samurai who had left Tosa Domain and 8 samurai who had left Kurume Domain) left Hoko-ji Temple and headed to the Yamato Province.
- ただし先行深入りしすぎた徳川方の深溝松平家松平伊忠だけは、退却する小山田昌行に反撃されて討死している。
- It however lost Koretada MATSUDAIRA of the Fukozu Matsudaira family on the Tokugawa side who led the vanguard too deep into the enemy lines, and who was fought back and struck down by Masayuki OYAMADA in retreat.
- 茨城県行方市には麻生藩に処刑された天狗党員を供養する「天狗塚」、大宮神社境内には天狗党の忠魂碑がある。
- In Namegata City, Ibaraki Prefecture, there is a 'Tenguzuka' for the repose of Tenguto members who were executed by the Aso Domain; there is also a chukonhi (monument for loyal souls) for Tenguto members in the precincts of the Omiya-jinja Shrine.
- これによって初めて、儒教的な倫理(「仁義」「忠孝」など)が、武士に要求される規範とされるようになった。
- This made Confucian ethics like 'humanity and justice' and 'loyalty to one's master and filial piety' as a model for samurai for the first time.
- 享保10年に兄忠恒が改易となったが、名門と言うことで忠穀に7000石が与えられ家名の存続を認められた。
- Although his older brother, Tadatsune, was given the sanction of 'kaieki' in 1725, Tadayoshi was granted 7,000 koku and were also allowed to maintain their family name as a special case because their family was renowned.
- 北畠顕成の子北畠顕忠が「北畠少弐」を名乗り、奥州岩手郡に下向して滴石御所と名乗った(御所ダムの由来)。
- The son of Akinari KITABATAKE, Akitada KITABATAKE, named himself 'Shoni KITABATAKE,' and then called himself Shizukuishi Gosho when he went down into Iwate-gun in Oshu Province (the origin of Gosho Dam).
- 浪士取締役には、松平忠敏、鵜殿鳩翁、窪田治部右衛門、山岡鉄舟、中条金之助、佐々木只三郎らが任じられた。
- Tadatoshi MATSUDAIRA, Kyuo UDONO, Jibuemon KUBOTA, Tesshu YAMAOKA, Kinnosuke NAKAJO, Tadazaburo SASAKI and others were assigned as Roshi Torishimari-yaku.
- 康正元年(1455年)鎌倉公方足利成氏は将軍足利義政の命を受けた今川範忠に攻められ、下総古河へ逃れる。
- In 1455 Kamakura kubo Shigeuji ASHIKAGA was attacked by Noritada IMAGAWA by order of Shogun Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA and ran away to domain of Shimousa-Koga.
- 戦国時代 (日本)には一族同士の争いの結果、一族(清洲三奉行弾正忠家)の織田信長が勢力を大きく広げた。
- As a result of inter-clan conflicts in the Sengoku period (period of warring state), Nobunaga ODA of the clan (three magistrates of Kiyosu Danjonojo family) wielded his influence greatly.
- 慶長6年(1601年)、室町時代以来の丹波の旧族、細川忠興の推挙により召し出され、秀氏は旗本家を興した。
- In 1601 Hideuji was allowed to serve the Tokugawa family by the recommendation of Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, a member of a time-honored clan in Tanba (since the Muromachi period), and given the house status of Hatamoto (a direct retainer of the shogun).
- 大久保忠教の『三河物語』では、松平清康が、熊谷が城へ押し寄せた際に、四方鉄砲を打ち込むと記載されている。
- Tadataka OKUBO says in 'Mikawa Monogatari' that Kiyoyasu MATSUDAIRA shot guns from all directions when Sanenaga KUMAGAI's force surged the castle.
- 義家死後、義忠暗殺事件を経て、河内源氏を継いだ為義の時に保元の乱が起こり一族が敵味方に分かれて参加する。
- After the death of Yoshiie followed by the assassination of Yoshitada, Hogen War broke out in the period of Tameyoshi who succeeded Kawachi-Genji, and the clan was divided against itself.
- そのために、徳川家康、徳川秀忠、徳川家光の三代の時代に外様大名82家、親藩・譜代大名49家が改易された。
- As a result, during the three Tokugawa generations of Ieyasu, Hidetada, and Iemitsu, 82 Tozama Daimyo (nonhereditary feudal lord) families and 49 Fudai and Shinpan (hereditary daimyo and relatives of the Tokugawa family) families were subject to kaieki.
- 女娘は別れを悲しみながらも、玉匣(たまくしげ)を渡し「戻ってくる気ならゆめゆめ開けるなかれ」と忠告する。
- Tearfully saying goodbye to him, his wife gave him a tamakushige (a casket) and warned him, 'Never, ever open the casket if you want to come back again.'
- 島津軍の兵力は、義弘の5千余、忠常の1千余、伊勢兵部少輔定正(貞昌)の3百余、併せて、6千3百余である。
- The military force of the Shimazu army consisted of six thousand and three hundred soldiers that included around five thousand Yoshihiro soldiers, one thousand soldiers of Tadatsune, three hundred soldiers of Sadamasa, who had the title of Ise Hyobu shoyu.
- 25日、中山忠光率いる本隊が高取町に向かい、吉村寅太郎は別働隊を率いて御所方面に進出して郡山藩に備えた。
- On October 7, Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA led the main force and headed for Takatori-cho, while Torataro YOSHIMURA led a detached force and went into the Imperial Palace area to prepare for the fight with Koriyama Domain.
- 1275年(日本の建治元年・元の至元十二年)、クビライは再び礼部侍郎杜世忠を正使とする使者を日本に送る。
- In 1275, Kublai sent envoys again to Japan, with assistant minister of rites Shizhong DU as chief envoy.
- 『平家物語巻九』『源平盛衰記巻三十七』での平忠度が討ち取られるまでの記述においてもそのことが伺い知れる。
- We can observe it in the depiction of how TAIRA no Tadanori was killed in 'Heike Monogatari,' volume 9 and 'Genpei Seisuiki,' volume 37.
- 一族の水野忠近の養子となり、延宝2年(1674年)にその領地2030石を相続し、使番、新番頭を歴任する。
- Tadayuki was adopted by Tadachika MIZUNO and inherited his territory of 2,030 koku in 1674 and served as tsukaiban (a person responsible for orders and patrol in a battlefield) and shinbangashira (person in charge of guarding the shogun and inspecting arms).
- しかし忠政の死後、嫡男水野信元は、尾張において台頭した織田信秀と同盟を結んで今川氏支配下の松平氏と反目。
- However, after the death of Tadamasa, Nobumoto MIZUNO, an eldest legitimate son, formed an alliance with Nobuhide ODA, who was gaining power in the Owari Province and rebelled against the Matsudaira clan that was under the control of the Imagawa clan.
- 22日、法住寺殿で再度の公卿議定が開かれ、延暦寺の要求する成親配流、時忠・信範召還について話し合われた。
- On the 16th, another Kugyo-gijo was held in the Hojuji-dono Palace to discuss the exile of Narichika and recall of Tokitada and Nobunori, demanded by Enryaku-ji Temple.
- 慶応3年6月 山陵奉行 戸田忠至に属し、長円寺から東山の高台寺 月真院に移り禁裏御陵衛士の標札を掲げた。
- In June 1867, Goryo-eji came under the command of Tadayuki TODA who was Sanryo bugyo (commissioner in charge of imperial mausoleums), and moved from Choen-ji Temple to Gesshin-in Temple of Kodai-ji Temple in HIgashiyama, setting up a nameplate which read Kinri Goryo Eji (a splinter group of the Shinsengumi) there.
- 築き堤奉行には蜂須賀正勝が任命され、宇喜多忠家が黒田官兵衛の指導のもと難所の門前村から下出田村までを担当。
- Masakatsu HACHISUKA was put in charge of the embankment while Tadaie UKITA, under the direction of Kanbei KURODA, was in charge of the difficult area from Monzen Village to Shimoideta Village.
- 大石内蔵助は吉田忠左衛門らを大目付・仙石久尚のもとに出頭させ口上書を提出し、幕府の裁定に委ねることにした。
- Kuranosuke OISHI sent Chuzaemon YOSHIDA and others to ometsuke Hisanao SENGOKU to hand in a verbal note and decided to put everything in the bakufu's hands.
- 郎党は内大臣藤原教通(忠常の「私君」にあたる人物)宛ての書状を持っており、追討令の不当を訴える内容だった。
- The roto had a letter addressed to FUJIWARA no Norimichi (the private master of Tadatsune), minister of the center, reporting the injustice of the order to track down and kill Tadatsune.
- 頼信が上総国へ出立しようとした長元4年(1031年)春に忠常は出家して子と従者をしたがえて頼信に降伏した。
- In the spring of 1031, when Yorinobu was to leave for Kazusa Province, Tadatsune entered into priesthood and surrendered with his children and followers.
- 桂は議会解散を決意したが、解散は内乱誘発を招くとの大岡育造衆議院議長からの忠告により内閣総辞職を決意した。
- Katsura, who at first planned to dissolve the Diet, finally decided the Cabinet resignation en masse following the advise of Ikuzo OOKA, chairman of the House of Representatives, who said to Katsura not to do so lest it should induce a civil war.
- 辰野の教え子、伊東忠太は法隆寺が日本最古の建築であることを学問的に論じ、ここに日本建築史が第一歩を記した。
- The first step in the study of Japanese architectural history occurred when one of Tatsuno's students, Chuta ITO, academically proved that Horyu-ji Temple was Japan's oldest structure.
- 実際、明治15年(1882年)の「軍人勅諭」では、武士道ではなく「忠節」を以って天皇に仕えることとされた。
- In fact, 'the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors' in 1882 says to serve Emperor with 'loyalty', not with Bushido.
- そのため、同じ南朝の忠臣でも、菊池氏や名和氏などは子孫が華族に列したが、楠木氏からは華族は生まれていない。
- Therefore, although other loyal families of the Southern Court such as the Kikuchi clan and the Nawa clan were raised to the peerage, there has been no peerage from the Kusuniki clan.
- 南朝が正統な朝廷とする史観が定着するや、楠木正成や楠木氏は忠臣の代表として賞賛され、顕彰されるようになる。
- From the time when the Southern Court became well recogized as the orthodox Imperial court, Masashige KUSUNOKI and the Kusunoki clan were praised as the representative of loyal subjects and were even rewarded.
- 1456年(康正2年)、「河北千町」を領していた葛西秀清を政季・安東忠季父子が滅ぼしてここに本拠を構えた。
- In 1456, Masasue ANDO and his son Tadasue defeated Hidekiyo KASAI who was ruling 'Kahokusenmachi' (河北千町), and set up their home base there.
- 明智謀反の報を受けた信忠は本能寺に救援に向かおうとしたが、既に事態は決したから逃げるように側近に諭された。
- Nobutada, who received a report of the revolt by the Akechi clan, intended to go to the Honno-ji Temple to rescue, but he was dissuaded by his close aide to run away because the situations in the Honno-ji Temple were already finalized.
- 例えば天保の改革を行った水野忠邦は中国でアヘン戦争が起こると直ちに無二念打ち払い令を撤回させたようにである。
- For example, Tadakuni MIZUNO who performed the Tenpo Reforms immediately ordered the withdrawal of the edict to repel foreign vessels when the Opium War occurred in China.
- 忠棟の嫡子である伊集院忠真は都城近郊の大川原山で狩りの最中だったが、父が斬殺されたことを伝えられて馳せ戻る。
- While Tadamune's legitimate child, Tadamasa IJUIN, was hunting at Mt. Ogawara near Miyakojiro, he received the message that his father had been killed and immediately rushed back.
- 鎖国という言葉は江戸時代の蘭学者である志筑忠雄が享和元年(1801年)の『鎖国論』においてはじめて使用した。
- Tadao SHITSUKI, a Rangakusha (one who studied Western sciences through the Dutch language) in the Edo period, first used the term 'Sakoku' in the book 'Sakoku-ron' (literally: 'theory of national isolation') written in 1801.
- 幕府の追討軍が送られてくるのは確実であり、忠光ら首脳部は協議の末、本陣を要害堅固な天の辻へ移すことを決める。
- It was certain that the hunt force of the bakufu would be sent; leaders including Tadamitsu had a conference, after which they decided to move the headquarters to Ten no Tsuji where the fort was stronger.
- しかし、松本藩主時代の享保10年(1725年)に6代隼人正忠恒が江戸城中で刃傷事件を起こしたため改易となる。
- However in 1725, Hayato no kami Tadatsune, the sixth generation of this family, had a sword fight in the Edo-jo Castle, and was given the 'kaieki' sanction (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties).
- また、出自を源氏とし、忠政-信元-忠重流を宗家とする系譜操作が行われたためとも言われる(『刈谷市史』2巻)。
- It is also thought that this inconsistency was due to the manipulation done to their genealogy records that put their origin as part of the Minamoto clan and the family lines of Tadamasa, Nobumoto, and Tadashige as the head of the family (the second volume of 'The History of Kariya City').
- 慶長13年(1608年)に徳川秀忠に初めて披露され、翌14年(1609年)に従五位下に任官し美作守を名乗る。
- He was first introduced by Hidetada TOKUGAWA in 1608; he was appointed as Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) in the next year and referred to himself as Mimasaka no kami (Governor of Mimasaka Province).
- 彼ら同士の対立や受領に対する不平が叛乱へ発展したのが、忠平執政期の940年前後に発生した承平天慶の乱である。
- However, conflicts among warriors and disaffectedness toward zuryo turned into a rebellion, the Johei-Tengyo War, during Tadahira's administration around 940.
- 翌1205年、時政は娘婿の平賀朝雅を将軍にしようと画策、朝雅と対立する畠山重忠を殺害し、実朝を廃そうとした。
- In the following year of 1205, Tokimasa planned to install his adopted son-in-law Tomomasa HIRAGA as shogun, killed Shigetada HATAKEYAMA who had opposed to Tomomasa and tried to depose Sanetomo.
- 30日、藤原経宗・九条兼実・三条実房・中山忠親・藤原長方が大事を議定するために召集される(『玉葉』同日条)。
- On August 26, FUJIWARA no Tsunemune, Kanezane KUJO, Sanefusa SANJO, Tadachika NAKAYAMA and FUJIWARA no Nagakata were convened to discuss and decide on important issues ('Gyokuyo' [Diary of FUJIWARA no Kanezane], entry of August 26).
- 12世紀末に吉田経房・九条光長・定長の兄弟が三事兼帯を果たしたことについて、中山忠親は次のように記している。
- When the brothers of Tsunefusa YOSHIDA and Mitsunaga and Sadanaga KUJO became Sanji kentai holder in the late twelfth century, Tadachika NAKAYAMA wrote as follows.
- しかし関ケ原の戦い後の慶長7年、忠恒は上洛に際し忠真に同行を命じ、日向国野尻で狩りを催した際、これを射殺した。
- But after the Battle of Sekigahara, in 1602, Tadatsune ordered Tadamasa to accompany him to the capital and shot him to death during a hunt in Nojiri, Hyuga Province.
- 食糧も欠乏しつつあり、士気を高めるため織田信忠隊がいる加茂砦に翌天正7年(1579年)の正月明け夜襲をかけた。
- As they were running out of provisions, in order to boost the morale of soldiers, a night raid was conducted to Fort Kamo which troops of Nobutada ODA defended immediately after New Year's days in 1579.
- 義弘様と忠恒様の命に従うつもりであることを申し上げたが、義久様は全く納得せず、庄内への通行を禁止しておられる。
- I said that I was ready to follow any orders of Mr. Yoshihiro and Mr. Tadatsune, but Mr. Yoshihisa was not convinced at all and prohibited travel to Shonai.
- このころ秀忠は藤堂高虎に対し、自分が大坂に到着するまで開戦を待つよう藤堂からも家康に伝えてくれと依頼している。
- About that time Hidetada asked Takatora TODO to tell Ieyasu not to begin war before he arrived in Osaka.
- (惟前・阿蘇惟賢父子は相良氏を頼って逃走、1590年に惟賢が阿蘇惟光への忠誠を誓ったことで抗争は正式に終結。)
- (Koresaki and his son Korekata ASO fled by themselves, turning to the Sagara clan, and the conflict officially ended in 1590 when Korekata swore loyalty to Koremitsu ASO.)
- このとき、嫡男の織田信忠も二条城にて自害してしまったため、織田氏には政権を運営できる人物が消えることとなった。
- Nobunaga's legitimate son, Nobutada ODA also killed himself at the Nijo-jo Castle, thus there was no one left in the Oda clan who could run the government.
- 平良文は下総国相馬郡 (下総国)を本拠に村岡五郎と称し、子の平忠頼、孫の忠常の三代に渡り関東で勢力を伸ばした。
- TAIRA no Yoshifumi was called Goro MURAOKA and was based in the Soma country, Shimousa Province and extended power with his son TAIRA no Tadayori and grandson Tadatsune over three generations.
- 上巻は元文3年(1738年)に完成するが以降も追加作業が行われ、寺社奉行時代の大岡忠相(越前守)らが関わった。
- Although vol. 1 was completed in 1738, additional work was needed and Tadasuke OOKA, Echizen no kuni no kami (Governor of Echizen Province) and others were involved.
- このため、一ノ谷という攻略地点を重視して桑田忠親國學院大學教授などは戦況や史料の断片的な記録から判断している。
- Because of this, Tadachika KUWATA, a professor at Kokugakuin University and other scholars had taken serious consideration in the Ichinotani incident, and concludes the location from the war's situation and the fragmented written records contained within historical materials.
- 平安時代末期の武将源義仲や畠山重忠ゆかりの地で、江戸時代には江戸と上州を結ぶ川越児玉往還の菅谷宿として栄えた。
- The place is known for its connection to MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka and Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, busho (Japanese military commanders) during the late Heian period, and flourished as Sugaya-juku Station on the Kawagoe Kodama Okan (Kawagoe-Kodama route) connecting Edo with Joshu during the Edo period.
- さらに翌日、長忠らは澄元・三好之長の屋敷に攻め寄せると、澄元らを近江国に敗走させ、澄之を迎えて家督を継がせた。
- On the following day, Nagatada attacked the residences of Sumimoto and Yukinaga MIYOSHI, making them flee to the Omi Province and had Sumiyuki take over as the head of the family.
- 宇治に出動した正盛・忠盛・重時は検非違使だったが、検非違使別当・藤原宗忠の指示を介さず法皇の命令で派兵された。
- Masamori, Tadamori and Shigetoki, who were deployed to Uji, were the kebiishi (police and judicial chief), but they were ordered to be deployed by the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa without an instruction from FUJIWARA no Munetada, the kebiishi no betto (Superintendent of the Imperial Police).
- 信忠は何箇所もの傷を負いながら2人を切り倒す猛将ぶりを見せ、少数で猛烈な抵抗を見せて三度も光秀軍を退却させた。
- Nobutada fought as a brave commander and cut two warriors down despite many wounds and showed fierce resistance and drove Mitsuhide's troop retreat three times.
- 後に二条家摂関家の邸宅を経て、本能寺の変の際に織田信忠が戦死した二条城織田信長・誠仁親王の「二条新御所」となる。
- It was the residence of Sekkan-ke (the family lines which produced regents) of the Nijo family before becoming 'Nijo New Imperial Palace' of Imperial Prince Sanehito, which was where Nobutada ODA died in battle during the Honnoji Incident.
- また、翌月の閏3月3日義久は、都城への通行を遮断し、島津氏家臣へ忠真に味方しないよう家臣から起請文を取っている。
- In the next month, on March 3, Yoshihisa blocked the roads to Miyakojiro and took a sworn oath from the Shimazu clan vassals not to support Tadamasa.
- 復興が一段落すると忠明は大和郡山に移封され、以降大坂は将軍家直轄となり、『天下の台所』と呼ばれる商業の街になる。
- When the first stage of the revival was completed, Tadaakira was transferred to Yamato Koriyama, and after that Osaka came under direct control of the shogun family and became a commercialized city called 'the Kitchen of Japan'.
- すなわち大老就任直後の6月、勅許の降りないまま井上清直・岩瀬忠震らにハリスとの間で日米修好通商条約を締結させた。
- That is to say, In June of that year, just after the assuming the position of Tairo, Naosuke II, without permission of the emperor, allowed Kiyonao INOUE and Tadanari IWASE to conclude the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan with Harris.
- 戦国武将でもある徳川家康や徳川秀忠はこれを幕法として採用したが、事件当時はすでに百年近い時を経た元禄の世である。
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Hidetada TOKUGAWA adopted this law as Shogunate law since they were both military commanders from the Sengoku Period; however, almost 100 years was gone when the incident happened in the Genroku era.
- しかし、広忠の妻田原御前の父である田原領主の戸田康光が今川家と松平家を裏切り、竹千代は織田信秀のもとへ売られた。
- However, Yasumitsu TODA, the lord of Tawara Domain and father of Tahara GOZEN (wife of Hirotada MATSUDAIRA) betrayed the IMAGAWA and MATSUDAIRA families by selling Takechiyo to Nobuhide ODA.
- 持氏一行は途中で憲実の家宰長尾忠政・長尾景仲の軍と出会い、持氏は幕府への恭順を誓い、ともに鎌倉の永安寺に入った。
- As the Mochiuji's party encountered troops of 忠政 NAGAO and Kagenaka NAGAO, main retainers of Norizane on their way, Mochiuji took an oath of allegiance to the bakufu and they entered Yoan-ji Temple of Kamakura altogether.
- ところが、かぶき者が流行り、追い腹を忠臣の証と考える風習ができ、世間から讃えられると一層まねをするものが増えた。
- However, when Kabukimono (dandy, or people who behave in unique manner believing it is fashionable) became popular, the custom of believing oibara as the proof of loyalty was established, and the public praised the custom, people who committed suicide were increased all the more.
- 武士(さむらい)が発生した当初から、武士道の中核である「主君に対する倫理的な忠誠」の意識は高かったわけではない。
- When samurais appeared, they were not conscious of 'ethical royalty to their lords' as the core of Bushido.
- 忠能の七男、中山忠光は尊王攘夷の急先鋒で天誅組の首領とされたが、後に長州藩の刺客により暗殺された(天誅組の変)。
- Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA, who was the seventh son of Tadayasu was a vanguard of sonno joi (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) and he was made the head of the Tenchu-gumi (literally, Heavenly Avenging Force) but, later, he was assassinated by a member of the Choshu clan (the Tenchu-gumi incident).
- 醍醐忠敬が、甥である格太郎に射殺されるというスキャンダルが発生し、忠順が再度家督を継ぐという事態により一時没落。
- A scandal where Tadayuki DAIGO was shot to death by a nephew, Kakutaro, occurred and the fact that Tadaosa was forced to take over again as head of the family resulted in a temporary decline of the family.
- 義俊の叔父で御家騒動の原因でもあった山野辺義忠は徳川頼房に取り立てられ、子孫は水戸藩家老の山野辺家として続いた。
- Yoshitada YAMANOBE, who was an uncle of Yoshitoshi and caused the family troubles, was selected by Yorifusa TOKUGAWA as a retainer and his descendants continued to exist as the Yamanobe family of Karo (Chief retainer) of the Mito Domain.
- 後白河は平時忠ら堂上平氏の官職は解かずに天皇・神器の返還を求めたが、交渉は不調に終わる(『玉葉』8月12日条)。
- Although Goshirakawa requested the return of the emperor and the sacred treasures without removing the Tosho family of the Taira clan including TAIRA no Tokitada from government posts, the negotiation was unsuccessful ('Gyokuyo,' entry of September 7).
- まず7月28日、薬師寺元一(弟・薬師寺長忠に滅ぼされている)の子・薬師寺万徳丸は、長忠の居城茨木城を攻め落した。
- On September 15, Mantokumaru YAKUSHIJI, the son of Motokazu YAKUSHIJI (who had been overthrown by his brother Nagatada YAKUSHIJI), captured Ibaraki-jo Castle, the residence of Nagatada.
- 織田信忠は寺を焼き討ちし、寺の和尚である快川紹喜は「心頭滅却すれば火も自ら涼し…」という辞世を残し炎の中に消えた。
- Nobutada ODA burnt down the temple, and the temple priest, Kaisen Joki, died in the fire, leaving the well-known farewell words, 'Suppress your self, and even fire is cool.'
- 右大臣豊成が訊問から外され、再度、永手らを左衛士府に派遣し小野東人、答本忠節(たほのちゅうせつ)らを拷問にかけた。
- Udaijin Toyonari was removed from the hearing and Nagate and others were re-sent to Saejifu to torture people including ONO no Azumahito and TAHO no Chusetsu.
- そして、姓に優劣、待遇の差をつけ、天皇家への忠誠の厚い氏(うじ)を優遇し、天皇家への権力掌握をはかったと思われる。
- Furthermore, the Imperial Family is thought to have tried to seize power by making superior and inferior kabane to create differences in status and favoring certain uji (clan) who have strong loyalty to the Imperial Family.
- 忠盛の子、平清盛は安芸守、播磨守、大宰大弐を歴任し、平治元年(1159年)の平治の乱ののちに平氏政権を成立させた。
- TAIRA no Kiyomori, a son of Tadamori, held Aki no kami (governor of Aki Province), Harima no kami (governor of Harima Province) and Dazai no daini (Senior Assistant Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices) and after the Heiji War in 1159, established the Taira clan government.
- ところが、長治が忠臣であった篠原長房を讒言を信じて殺害してしまうと、不安を抱いた家臣団が三好氏から離反してしまう。
- However, after Nagaharu killed his loyal vassal Nagafusa SHINOHARA, believing the slanders, the vassals of Nagaharu became anxious and defected from Miyoshi clan.
- 2月12日、本隊の信忠と一益がそれぞれ岐阜城と伊勢国長島城を出陣し、翌々日の2月14日には美濃岩村城に兵を進めた。
- On February 12, 1582, Nobutada (who led the main unit of the Oda army) and Kazumasu departed, respectively, from Gifu-jo Castle and from Nagashima-jo Castle in Ise Province, moving their troops to Iwamura-jo Castle in Mino two days later, on February 14.
- 後に真田隊の猛攻を恐れ、家康を残して逃走した旗本衆の行動を詮議したという「大久保忠教覚書」(三河物語)も残っている。
- There remains 'Tadataka OKUBO Oboegaki (memoradom)' (Mikawa Monogatari [Tales from Mikawa]', a record of later-year investigations on hatamoto units that ran away, leaving Ieyasu, out of fear of fierce attacks by the Sanada troop.
- ただし、厳密に考える歴史学者の中には、河内国を本拠地とした河内源氏は源頼信に始まり源義忠または源為義に終わるとする。
- However, some strict historians think that Kawachi-based Kawachi-Genji began with MINAMOTO no Yorinobu and ended with MINAMOTO no Yoshitada or MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi.
- 浜手は滝川一益・明智光秀・細川藤孝・丹羽長秀・筒井順慶・大和衆に加えて織田信忠・北畠信雄・神戸信孝・織田信包である。
- The army of the beach side consisted of Nobutada ODA, Nobukatsu KITABATAKE, Nobutaka KANBE and Nobukane ODA as well as Kazumasu TAKIGAWA, Mitsuhide AKECHI, Fujitaka HOSOKAWA, Nagahide NIWA, Junkei TSUTSUI and Yamato shu (people of Yamato).
- 有名人としては、中条家長(初代評定衆として御成敗式目の策定に関与)や愛甲季隆(弓の名手。畠山重忠を討ち取る)が居る。
- Ienaga CHUJO, who was involved in the establishment of code of conduct for samurai as the first member of the Council of State, and Suetaka AIKO, who was a very skillful archer and slew Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, were well known as members of the Party.
- 南宗寺に徳川秀忠・家光が上洛した際に自ら参拝していることや、東照宮が勧請されていたこともその傍証とされることがある。
- Also, when Hidetada and Iemitsu went to Kyoto Capital, they paid respect to the tomb in Nanso-ji Temple and earnestly requested the establishment of Tosho-gu Shrine, an act which also supports the theory that the tomb in Nanso-ji Temple is the tomb of the real Ieyasu.
- 宗矩と同時期に徳川氏に仕えていた小野派一刀流の開祖・小野忠明(御子神典膳)の所領はわずか600石ほどに過ぎなかった。
- Tadaaki ONO (Mikogamitenzen) who served the Tokugawa clan in the same period as Munenori, was an instructor of swordsmanship as well and founded Ono-ha Itto-ryu School, however, he was given rice stipend only 600 koku (108.234 cubic meters).
- 慶長5年(1600年)の関ヶ原の戦いには、康之とその子・松井興長は藩主細川忠興に従って戦い、徳川方の勝利に貢献した。
- In the Battle of Sekigahara, Yasuyuki and his son Okinaga MATSUI fought under their lord Tadaoki HOSOKAWA and contributed to the victory of the Tokugawa side.
- 平田職忠(天正8年(1580年)-万治3年(1660年))は、幼くして蔵人所に出仕して、舟橋秀賢に有職故実を学んだ。
- Mototada HIRATA (1580-1660) entered the service of the Bureau of Archives while quite young, and studied the precedents of customs and practices in the imperial court and their rules under Hidekata FUNABASHI.
- 現存する最古の御教書は、永久 (元号)4年(1116年)10月12日 (旧暦)に藤原忠実により発給された文書である。
- The oldest Migyosho still in existence was issued by FUJIWARA no Tadazane on November 25, 1116.
- 永正4年(1507年)6月23日に細川澄之派の重臣香西元長や薬師寺長忠らによって細川政元が暗殺される(永正の錯乱)。
- On June 23, 1507, Masamoto HOSOKAWA was assassinated by HOSOKAWA Sumiyuki's senior vassals, Motonaga KOZAI, Nagatada YAKUSHIJI, et al (Eisho Disturbance).
- これに対し、鳥居元忠、三宅康貞ら2,000が都留市付近で果敢に応戦し、北条勢約300を討ち取って撃退した(黒駒合戦)。
- Two thousand soldiers led by Mototada TORII and Yasusada MIYAKE bravely received them near Tsuru City, and defeated them by killing about 300 of Hojo's soldiers (the Battle of Kurokoma).
- 島津忠恒、松浦鎮信 (法印)、有馬晴信、細川忠興、鍋島勝茂、加藤清正、亀井茲矩、五島玄雅、竹中重利、松倉重政らである。
- They were Tadatsune SHIMAZU, Shigenobu MATSUURA (also known as Hoin), Harunobu ARIMA, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, Katsushige NABESHIMA, Kiyomasa KATO, Korenori KAMEI, Harumasa GOTO, Shigetoshi TAKENAKA, and Shigemasa MATSUKURA.
- 井出原右近・山田蓮池坊らの指揮する根来衆からなる城兵に対し、細川忠興・大谷吉継・蒲生氏郷・池田輝政らが攻撃を担当した。
- Against the castle soldiers of Negoro shu led by Ukon IDEHARA (井出原右近), Hasuikebo YAMADA (山田蓮池坊) and others, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, Yoshitsugu OTANI, Ujisato GAMO, Terumasa IKEDA and others attacked.
- 逆に、昌幸の長男真田信之は徳川家康の養女である小松姫を妻にしていたため、東軍として上田攻めの徳川秀忠隊に加わっている。
- On the other hand, because Masayuki's eldest son Nobuyuki SANADA married Komatsuhime, who was an adopted daughter of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, he joined the Hidetada TOKUGAWA's army as the Eastern Camp to attack Ueda.
- また山形模様は『仮名手本忠臣蔵』の衣装に採用されて広く認知されるようになったものだが、先行作でも使用が確認されている。
- Although Yamagata designs became widely recognized after showing up in 'Kanadehon Chushingura,' the use of its design is seen in works prior to that.
- 忠英は正徳 (日本)元年(1711年)、寺社奉行から若年寄に昇進し、正徳2年(1712年)に下野壬生藩に移封となった。
- Tadateru was promoted to wakadoshiyori from jisha-bugyo in 1711, and transferred to the Mibu Domain in Shimotsuke Province.
- クビライは本格的に3度目の日本侵略を計画し、1287年に一旦解散した征東行省を再度開設し、高麗忠烈王が丞相に就任した。
- Kublai seriously planned the third invasion of Japan and established again the Eastern Expedition Field Headquarters, which had been dissolved in 1287, appointing King Chungnyeol of Goryeo as minister.
- 宮本小一はそれを忠実に提案し、朝鮮側は国際法の常識に欠けていたため反論せず、そのまま無関税体制が敷かれることになった。
- Okazu MIYAMOTO proposed it faithfully, and Korea did not oppose it because of their ignorance of the international law, so the customs-fee system was established.
- アヘン戦争で中国の清が敗北したことが伝わる(1842年)と、老中の水野忠邦は1842年に令を緩和する(天保の薪水令)。
- When roju (member of shogun's council of elders) Tadakuni MIZUNO heard in 1842 of the China's defeat in the Opium War, he loosened restrictions on fuel and water.
- 本能寺の変の後の山崎の戦いにおいて伊勢貞興は明智勢として二条御所の織田信忠を攻め滅ぼしたが、最終的には羽柴勢に敗れた。
- After the Honnoji Incident, Sadaoki ISE participated in the Battle of Yamazaki as an Akechi force, and Sadaoki ISE attacked and conquered Nobutada ODA at Nijo-gosho Palace, but later, Sadaoki was eventually lost to the Hashiba force.
- ただし、狭義においては戦国時代 (日本)の平田職定(職国12代目の子孫)の子平田職清及びその養子平田職忠の系統を指す。
- In a narrow meaning, the Suino family refers to the family line descended from the twelfth generation descendant of Motokuni, Motosada HIRATA who lived during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States)--Motosada's son Motokiyo--Motokiyo's adopted son Mototada.
- これに対する幕府方の配置は、大和路勢および浅野長晟40,000を茶臼山方面に、その前方に松平忠直15,000が展開した。
- In response, the bakufu positioned Yamatoji forces and Nagaakira ASANO troop of 40,000 men around Mt. Chausu-yama and Tadanao MATSUDAIRA troop of 15,000 men in its front.
- 議定小松宮彰仁親王、山階宮晃親王、中山忠能、正親町三条実愛、中御門経之、島津忠義、徳川慶勝、浅野長勲、松平慶永、山内豊信
- Gijo: Imperial Prince Komatsunomiya Akihito, Imperial Prince Yamashinanomiya Akira, Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, Sanenaru OGIMACHISANJO, Tsuneyuki NAKAMIKADO, Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, Yoshikatsu TOKUGAWA, Nagakoto ASANO, Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA, and Toyoshige YAMAUCHI
- また、結果的に大敗のきっかけを作った康成・牧野忠成 (越後長岡藩初代)父子は部下を庇って出奔したため、一時謹慎となった。
- Yasunari and his son Tadanari MAKINO (the first lord of the Echigo Nagaoka Domain), who made the cause of huge defeat in hindsight, ran away protecting their followers, so they were temporarily suspended.
- 1582年3月7日に信忠は甲府に入り、一条蔵人の私宅に陣を構えて勝頼の一門・親類や重臣を探し出して、これを全て処刑した。
- Nobutada, who invaded Kofu on March 7, 1582, and established an armed camp at a private house of Kurodo ICHIJO, found the clansmen, relatives, and senior vassals of Katsuyori, and executed them.
- 庭の見張りについたものは早水満堯(弓)、神崎則休(弓)、矢頭教兼(槍)、大高忠雄(太刀)、近松行重、間光興(槍)の6士。
- Those six members who were sent to guard the yard were Mitsutaka HAYAMI (bow), Noriyasu KANZAKI (bow), Norikane YATO (spear), Tadao OTAKA (sword), Yukishige CHIKAMATSU and Mitsuoki HAZAMA (spear).
- 天誅組は中山忠光を主将、吉村寅太郎、松本奎堂、藤本鉄石を総裁とする職制を整え、自らを「御政府」または「総裁所」と称した。
- Tenchu-gumi put the office organization in order with Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA the commander-in-chief and Torataro YOSHIMURA, Keido MATSUMOTO, and Tesseki FUJIMOTO president; the members called themselves 'the government' or 'presidency.'
- また、彼の母は家康の母とされている於大の方であるが、父は広忠ではなく、江田松本坊という時宗の祈祷僧ではないかとしている。
- It is believed that Jokei SAKAI's mother was also Ieyasu's mother, ODAI no kata, but, MURAOKA presumes that his father was not Hirotada, but a Buddhist Priest of Ji sect named Matsumotobo EDA.
- 彼等は「大日本至大至忠楠公招魂表」と書かれた札を立てて長岡宿での検問を実施、江戸への勅書搬入を阻止しようとしたのである。
- They conducted inspections at Nagaoka-shuku Station holding a sign which said 'Dainihon shidai shiko kusunoki-kou shokon hyo' and tried to stop the chokusho to be brought in Edo.
- 午前6時、平知盛、平重衡ら平氏軍主力の守る東側の生田口の陣の前には範頼率いる梶原景時、畠山重忠以下の大手軍5万騎が布陣。
- At six o'clock in the morning, Noriyori led his Ote army, followed by Kagetoki KAJIWARA and Shigetada HATAKEYAMA and their fifty thousand cavalrymen, and took positions on the east side front of the battle formation at the Ikuta fortress entrance, where the major force of the Taira clan army, led by Tomonori TAIRA and Shigehira TAIRA, was prepared to defend.
- 1879年 松平忠厚(最後の上田藩藩主松平忠礼の弟)が、ニュージャージー州への留学の後エンジニアとしてコロラド州に移住。
- In 1879, Tadaatsu MATSUDAIRA (the younger brother of Tadanari MATSUDAIRA, the last lord of Ueda Domain) immigrated to Colorado as an engineer after having studied in New Jersey.
- 特に北米では、居留国への忠誠を誓う目的で、あまり日系人が民族性を出さず、居留国に同化するように努力した事も関係している。
- This is possibly related to the fact that Japanese Americans tried harder to assimilate into the countries in which they lived, not asserting their ethnicity, in order to show their allegiance to them.
- そして、佐藤継信・佐藤忠信兄弟(義経の臣)の母親として信夫郡舘の山公園(福島市飯坂温泉付近・現在舘の山公園)に居城した。
- Afterward, she resided in Otori-jo Castle in the Shinobu County (presently, Tate no Yama Park near Iizaka Hot Springs in Fukushima City), mothering the brothers of Tsugunobu and Tadanobu SATO (vassals of Yoshitsune).
- 功により豊前国小倉藩39万9千石を経て、忠興の子・3代細川忠利の時代に肥後国熊本藩54万石を領し、幕末まで237年統治。
- As a result of the distinguished services, the family possessed 399,000 koku in the Kokura Domain, Buzen Province, and later at the generation of Tadatoshi HOSOKAWA, the third and son of Tadaoki, they possessed 540,000 koku in Kumamoto Domain, Higo Province and ruled for 237 years, until the end of Edo period.
- ちょうどその頃に登場した三浦氏の場合は、家長・三浦義明の弟は岡崎義実を名乗り、その嫡男は佐奈田義忠(真田とも)を名乗る。
- The younger brother of Yoshiaki MIURA, who was the family head of Miura clan that appeared at that time, named himself Yoshizane OKAZAKI and his legal son took the name of Yoshitada SANADA (written as 佐奈田 as well as 真田).
- 古今和歌集:延喜5年(905年)に醍醐天皇が紀貫之、紀友則、凡河内躬恒、壬生忠岑等に編纂を命じて出来た最初の勅撰和歌集。
- Kokin Wakashu: Japan's first chokusen wakashu (anthology of Japanese poetry compiled by Imperial command) in 905 which was ordered by the Emperor Daigo and compiled by KI no Tsurayuki, KI no Tomonori, OSHIKOCHI no Mitsune, MIBU no Tadamine, etc.
- 前庄内藩主酒井忠篤 (庄内藩主)らは西郷の遺訓『南洲翁遺訓』を編纂し、後の西南戦争では西郷軍に元庄内藩士が参加している。
- The former lord of the Shonai Domain, Tadazumi SAKAI, together with other people, compiled SAIGO's teachings of the deceased, 'teachings of the deceased by an old man in Nanshu,' and later, some of the former retainers of the Shonai Domain joined the SAIGO's army in the Seinan War.
- 和平成立後、家康は京都から駿府へ戻り、秀忠も伏見に戻ったが、一方で国友鍛冶に大砲の製造を命じるなど、戦争準備を行っている。
- After pacification was made, Ieyasu returned from Kyoto to Sunpu, and Hidetada to Fushimi, however, on the other hand, they ordered blacksmiths in Kunitomo to manufacture cannons to prepare for war.
- 忠常は上総国、下総国、常陸国に父祖以来の広大な所領を有し、傍若無人に振る舞い、国司の命に服さず納税の義務も果たさなかった。
- Tadatsune owned a large territory in Kazusa Province, Shimousa Province and Hitachi Province, behaved outrageously and did not obey orders of the Kokushi (provincial governor) nor fulfill his obligations to pay taxes.
- 1614年の大坂冬の陣では徳川軍の大和国の道案内役を務め、翌年の大坂夏の陣では秀忠の身辺警護を務め、敵兵7名を斬り殺した。
- In Winter Siege of Osaka of 1614, Munenori served as a guide to lead the large-scale Tokugawa Army in Yamato Province; in Summer Siege of Osaka of the next year, he served as a personal bodyguard for Hidetada and in fact he killed seven soldiers to protect his master.
- 一方の宗矩は家康・秀忠・家光の徳川三代に仕えて大名にまで栄進したのだから、相当の信任を受けていたことがうかがえるであろう。
- Considering the fact that Munenori served three Tokugawa shoguns, Ieyasu, Hidetada and Iemitsu, and was promoted to the daimyo class, it follows that he had the great confidence of them.
- 重朝は1600年に関ヶ原の戦いの前哨戦である伏見城の攻略戦に石田三成方として参戦し、城将の鳥居元忠を討ち取る戦功をあげた。
- Shigetomo took part in the side of Mitsunari ISHIDA in the battle to capture Fushimi-jo Castle, which was a preliminary skirmish of the Battle of Sekigahara, and he achieved a merit of defeating the castle commander, Mototada TORII.
- そして最後に「軍忠認定の証判を賜り、後日(の恩賞の)証拠としたい」といった旨の文言(文言は各文書で微妙に異なる)を記した。
- At the end the words 'I would like my superior military valor to be recognized as evidence for future (rewards)' were written, although the wording differs slightly from document to document.
- 従って、佐原市の名主であった伊能忠敬は領内においては代々「伊能」姓を許されていたが、領外でこれを名乗ることが出来なかった。
- Therefore, Tadataka INO, who was a nanushi (village headman) in present Sawara City, was permitted to use the family name of 'INO' in Sawara, but was prohibited from using the name outside the territory.
- 著者については、二条為定説(『群書類従』など)、二条為忠説(内閣文庫所蔵本・冷泉家時雨亭文庫所蔵『三代秘抄』など)がある。
- There are two different views concerning the author of the book, either Tamesada NIJO ('Gunshoruiju'etc.) or Tametada NIJO (a book owned by the Cabinet Library, 'Sandaihisho' owned by Reizeike Shiguretei Bunko etc.)
- 加茂砦の急襲を知った刀根山砦にいた兵たちが直ちに織田信忠隊の救援に駆け付けたが、馬や兵糧を奪われて加茂砦は炎上した後だった。
- Soldiers who were in Fort Toneyama knew the sudden attack to Fort Kamo hurried to help the troops of Nobutada ODA but horses and provisions had been already robbed and Fort Kamo had burst into flames.
- そのために、徳川幕府は、能力よりも忠誠心や家柄、譜代家臣を重視する旧来の封建体制を復活させ、体制維持に努めたとの意見もある。
- Some believe that, in order to avoid making the same mistake, the Tokugawa shogunate restored the old feudal system under which loyalty, family lineage and fudai daimyo (hereditary vassals) were more important than the ability to maintain the regime.
- この境界が江戸城に現れたのは、元和 (日本)4年(1618年)年、2代将軍・徳川秀忠の時代、「大奥法度」を制定した時である。
- The border was established in Edo-jo castle when the 'O-oku Hatto' (Act governing O-oku) was introduced in 1618 during the second Shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA's regime.
- また「元史」によると、元寇の発端は、高麗王の忠烈王が「元の皇帝に執拗に、東征して日本を属国にするよう勧めた」との記述がある。
- In addition, 'Genshi' states that Genko began with King Chungnyeol of Goryeo 'persistently recommending an expedition to the east to Yuan's emperor in order to force Japan to become its subject.'
- 酒井忠次、松平康忠、松平伊忠、松平家忠、松平清宗、本多広孝、奥平貞能、菅沼定盈、西郷家員、近藤秀用、設楽貞通(樋田にて待機)
- Tadatsugu SAKAI, Yasutada MATSUDAIRA, Koretada MATSUDAIRA, Ietada MATSUDAIRA, Kiyomune MATSUDAIRA, Hirotaka HONDA, Sadayoshi OKUDAIRA, Sadamitsu SUGANUMA, Iekazu SAIGO, Hidemochi KONDO, and Sadamichi SHITARA (who was on standby in Toida)
- 他に庶流として西郷氏があり、征夷大将軍徳川秀忠生母の西郷局、会津藩家老西郷頼母、薩摩藩下級藩士西郷隆盛は菊池氏の出とされる。
- Another branch line family is the Saigo clan, and it is said that Saigo no tsubone, the biological mother of Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), Yorihaha SAIGO, the chief retainer of the Aizu Domain and Takamori SAIGO, lower ranked feudal retainer of the Satsuma Domain, were from the Kikuchi family.
- また、寛文11年(1671年)には忠真の四男の小笠原真方が兄の小笠原忠雄から1万石を分与され小倉新田藩(千束藩)を立藩した。
- Also in 1671, the fourth son of Tadazana, Sanekata OGASAWARA was given 10,000 koku by his older brother, Tadataka OGASAWARA and founded the Kokuranitta Domain (the Senzoku Domain).
- 15世紀末に至り、伯父北条早雲の助けで家督争いに勝利した今川氏親は、亡父今川義忠の代で頓挫していた遠江国への再侵攻を試みた。
- At the end of the 15th century, Ujichika IMAGAWA who won succession dispute with the help of his uncle Soun HOJO attempted invasion upon Totomi Province, which had failed at the time of his late father Yoshitada IMAGAWA.
- 関ヶ原の戦いの後、忠興は徳川家との関係を重視し、警戒を解くために嫡男・細川忠隆とその妻・千世(前田利家の娘)の離縁を命じた。
- After the battle of Sekigahara, Tadaoki considered the importance of the relationship with the Tokugawa family, therefore he ordered a divorce of his legitimate son Tadataka HOSOKAWA and Tadataka's wife Chiyo (a daughter of Toshiie MAEDA) to end the Tokugawa family's vigilance.
- これに反発した忠隆を廃嫡・勘当、家康に人質として差し出していた三男・内記(忠利)を跡継ぎとし、徳川家への臣従の意思を表した。
- Tadaoki showed a will of vassalage to the Tokugawa family by disinherit Tadataka who opposed the order, and made his third son Naiki (Tadatoshi), who had been presented at Ieyasu as a hostage, the successor.
- この際、信長の嫡男で織田氏の当主であった織田信忠も二条城で討たれたため、政権の中核となるべき人物を失った織田政権は崩壊する。
- Since Nobutada ODA who was a legitimate son of Nobunaga and the family head of the Oda clan was also killed in Nijo-jo Castle, the Oda regime lost the leaders and collapsed.
- 現在では歌舞伎や時代劇の「勧進帳」で富樫泰家が、「忠臣蔵」’松の廊下’のシーンで浅野長矩が着用している姿を見ることが出来る。
- At present, we can see Yasuie TOGASHI wearing Daimon in 'Kanjincho' (Kabuki (traditional performing art)) and Naganori ASANO wearing one during the scene of 'matsu no roka' (literally, a corridor of pine trees) in 'Chushingura' (period drama).
- 源頼朝の元で同じ御家人と呼ばれはしても、下川辺庄司行平、葛西御厨の葛西清重、畠山重忠などは、大規模寄進荘園の在地領主である。
- While being called gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate during the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) under MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, Shimokobe no SHOJI Yukihira, Kiyoshige KASAI of Kasai no Mikuriya, and Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, were manor heads of donated shoen on a grand scale.
- そのため1841年(天保12年)、徳川家慶が将軍につくと、老中・水野忠邦は江戸招聘から大坂招聘に変更する計画を立案している。
- Therefore, when Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA assumed shogun in 1841, Tadakuni MIZUNO, roju, planned to invite Tsushinshi to Osaka instead of Edo.
- 忠盛は源義親の乱を平定するなどして院司となり、正四位に叙せられて軍事貴族の最高位者、すなわち武家の棟梁として台頭していった。
- After suppressing the rebellion by MINAMOTO no Yoshichika, Tadamori became inshi (official of the Retired Emperor's Office), was appointed to shoshii, the highest rank for military aristocrats, and gained power as the leader of samurai families.
- 1615年(元和 (日本)元年)、大坂の陣にあたり、徳川秀忠は軍令を発して諸軍の部署を定めるとともに軍役を定めてこれを課した。
- In 1615, upon fighting the Summer Battle of Osaka, Hidetada TOKUGAWA issued the military order to appoint armies to their posts and to define the military service and imposed them on the army.
- 家茂の死後、将軍後見職の徳川慶喜は徳川宗家を相続したが、幕府の自分に対する忠誠を疑ったため、征夷大将軍職への就任を拒んでいた。
- Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, who succeeded Iemochi as head of the TOKUGAWA family, was suspicious whether the bakufu would be loyal to him and refused to assume the position of seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians').
- 九州の大名の中には大村純忠のように領民を強制的にキリスト教に改宗させようとしたり、寺社仏閣を破壊した事があったのは事実である。
- It is a absolute fact that Sumitada OMURA, a domain lord in Kyushu, forced the domain people convert to the Christianity and destroyed temples and shrines.
- 会議では、信長の三男・織田信孝を推す柴田勝家と織田信忠の子である三法師(のちの織田秀信)を推す羽柴秀吉との間で激しく対立した。
- In the conference, there was an intense conflict between Katsuie SHIBATA, who fielded Nobutaka ODA, the third son of Nobunaga, and Hideyoshi HASHIBA, who backed Sanboshi (later Hidenobu ODA), the son of Nobutada ODA.
- 慶長14年(1609年):水野忠胤の屋敷で、久米左平次(大番士)が松平忠頼(遠江国浜松藩主)と服部半八(大番士)に刃傷に及ぶ。
- 1609: Saheiji KUME (castle guard of hatamoto) attacked Tadayori MATSUDAIRA (the lord of Hamamatsu Domain, Totoumi Province) and Hanpachi HATTORI (castle guard of hatamoto) with his sword at the residence of Tadatane MIZUNO.
- 一方、中島総裁に反対する鳩山らは病床の鈴木前総裁を動かし、新たに久原房之助・三土忠造・芳澤謙吉の3人を総裁代行委員に任命した。
- Meanwhile, Hatoyama and others who opposed president Nakajima worked on the former president Suzuki, who was sick in bed at that time, and appointed three new members for the acting president committee: Fusanosuke KUHARA, Chuzo MITSUCHI, and Kenkichi YOSHIZAWA.
- そのため、例えば忠臣蔵で有名な大石家は赤穂浅野家の家臣であるが、大石家の家臣は浅野家とは直接の主従関係を持たなかったのである。
- Therefore, for example, the Oishi family which was famous for Chushingura (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers) was a vassal of the Asano family of Ako Domain, but vassals of the Oishi family did not have a direct master-servant relationship with the Asano family.
- 初代家康が慶長10年(1605年)に将軍職と当主の座を辞して隠居するまでに徳川姓を称したのは、世子の徳川秀忠ただ一人であった。
- In 1605, the founder Ieyasu stood down from his roles as shogun and family head and until his retirement use of the 'Tokugawa' surname was limited to one individual: his heir Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
- 後妻・喜久との間に生まれた長岡忠恒・長岡忠春は、休無の死後に細川光尚から肥後熊本に招かれて熊本藩の一門家臣長岡内膳家となった。
- Tadatsune NAGAOKA and Tadaharu NAGAOKA, who were born between Kyumu and his second wife Kiku, were invited to Kumamoto, Higo by Mitsunao HOSOKAWA after the death of Kyumu and became the Nagaoka-naizen family, a vassal of the Kumamoto clan.
- 前例の無い題材での和歌の会合であったために歌合の形式で開催され、また良基と参加者との連絡役には四辻善成・松殿忠嗣らがあたった。
- As this waka event used unprecedented subject matter, it was organized in the form of utaawase and Yoshinari YOTSUTSUJI and Tadatsugu MATSUDONO served as liaison between Yoshimoto and participants.
- 島津氏の家臣であるとはいえ、朱印をもって都城8万石を給されている忠棟を殺害したことは、中央政権に対する反逆ともとれる行為である。
- Although he was a vassal of the Shimazu clan, the act of killing Tadamune, who had been given Miyakonojo, the land worthwhile 80,000 koku of rice, with a certificate, could have been taken as an act of treason against the central government.
- これにより元々徳川秀忠から拝領していた3,000石と合わせて1万3,000石の諸侯となって、丹後京丹後市に陣屋を構えて立藩した。
- This made Takamichi lord of 13,000 goku together with 3,000 goku already given by Hidetada TOKUGAWA (the second shogun of the Edo bakufu, the Japanese feudal government), then he established a jin-ya (regional government office) in Kyotango City of Tango province and founded a new domain.
- 信長の3男・織田信孝(欠席)を擁立する勝家と、信長の嫡孫にあたる信忠の嫡男・三法師(織田秀信)を擁立する秀吉との対立がおこった。
- There was a conflict between Katsuie, who backed up the third son of Nobunaga, Nobutaka ODA (who was absent from the conference), and Hideyoshi, who backed up Sanboshi (Hidenobu ODA), the legitimate son of Nobutada, who was the legitimate grandchild of Nobunaga.
- 応仁元年(1467年)から始まる応仁の乱では出雲国守護京極持清は細川方に組し、三刀屋忠扶も上洛して山名方の斯波義廉と戦っている。
- During the Onin War broke out in 1467, as Mochikiyo KYOGOKU, the constable in Izumo Province, took Hosokawa's side, Tadasuke MITOYA went to Kyoto and fought Yoshikado SHIBA, which was on Yamana's side.
- この時、家康の本隊や豊臣恩顧大名などの先発隊は東海道を進んだが、徳川秀忠率いる3万8000人の軍勢は中山道を進んで西に向かった。
- At this time, the main force of Ieyasu and the advance party of daimyo who were assisted by Toyotomi proceeded on Tokai-do Road, but 38,000 troops led by Hidetada TOKUGAWA went west on the Nakasen-do Road.
- 『浅野家文書』によると、この再出兵の目的は赤国(全羅道)を残らず成敗し、余力をもって青国(忠清道)その他を討つこととされている。
- According to Asanoke monjo (the records of the Asano family), the purpose of the second dispatch was to punish the red country (Jeolla Province) completely, and then conquer the blue country (Chungcheong Province) and other areas.
- 長元2年(1029年)2月、朝廷は東海道、東山道、北陸道の諸国へ忠常追討の官符を下して討伐軍を補強させるが鎮定はすすまなかった。
- In February, 1029, the Imperial Court issued a kanpu (official document from Dajokan, or Great Council of State) to strengthen the punitive force, but the suppression did not made progress.
- 信之死後の貞享3年(1686年)8月、家督と所領9万石の内の8万石は長男の松平忠之が継ぎ、残りの1万石は次男の松平信通が継いだ。
- After his death, his eldest son Tadayuki MATSUDAIRA inherited the family heritage and 80,000 koku out of 90,000, with the remaining 10,000 koku going to his second son Nobumichi MATSUDAIRA.
- また鳶ヶ巣山に酒井忠次の別働隊3000が迂回した事を武田軍は察知しており、川中島の合戦の逆説的な再来を狙ったという説などもある。
- Still others have suggested that he intended to reverse his strategy at the Battle of Kawanakajima as he was aware that Tadatsugu SAKAI's detachment force of 3,000 men made a detour to Mt. Tobigasu.
- 江戸忠通・江戸通政・江戸重通は佐竹義重 (十八代当主)と同盟を結び、佐竹氏は南奥に、江戸氏は常陸南部にそれぞれ積極的に進出する。
- Tadamichi EDO, Michimasa EDO and Shigemichi EDO formed an alliance with Yoshishige SATAKE (the 18th family head) and the Satake clan extended its influence to the deep south and the Edo clan to the southern areas of Hitachi.
- 寛文7年(1667年)三代信濃守元知が乱心して妻女である山形藩水野氏水野監物忠善(当時は岡崎藩主)の娘を殺害したため改易となる。
- In 1667, the third generation, Shinano no kami (Governor of Shinano Province), Mototomo went mad and killed his wife, the daughter of MIZUNO kenmotsu Tadayoshi of the Mizuno clan in the Yamagata Domain (at the time of this incident, he was the lord of the Okazaki Domain), and was given the sanction of 'kaieki.'
- 300余の兵を討ち取られ敗走した秀満は坂本城で相手方に家宝を贈呈した後、光秀の妻子を殺害し、溝尾茂朝、明智光忠とともに自刃した。
- Hidemitsu, having lost more than 300 soldiers and put to rout, Hidemitsu killed Mitsuhide's wife and child after presenting the Akechi family's treasures to the enemy at Sakamoto-jo Castle, and committed jijin together with Shigetomo MIZOO and Mitsutada AKECHI.
- その傍ら、組下大名に参戦を呼びかけたが、縁戚であった細川幽斎・細川忠興父子は3日に「喪に服す」と称して剃髪、中立の構えを見せた。
- Along with that, Mitsuhide called on the Kumishita daimyos (daimyos who served under powerful bushos) to join his camp, but father and son Yusai HOSOKAWA and Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, who were his relatives through marriage, showed a stance to maintain a neutral position by shaving their heads on June 3 to express their claimed intention of 'taking to mourning.'
- 安忠の子柳沢吉保は綱吉の腹心となり、綱吉が5代将軍になると元禄元年(1688年)1万石を与えられて側用人になり、松平姓を許された。
- Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA, the son of Yasutada, became a confidant of Tsunayoshi, and when Tsunayoshi became the fifth shogun, Yoshiyasu was given 10,000 koku, became a goyonin (one of the most senior retainers of the shogun) and was allowed to use the name MATSUDAIRA.
- このような危機に対応すべく、家斉死後の、老中水野忠邦が幕府権力の強化のために天保の改革と呼ばれる財政再建のための諸政策を実施した。
- After Ienari died, in order to cope with these crises, Senior councillor Tadakuni MIZUNO implemented various policies called the Tenpo Reforms to reconstruct financial affairs for the purpose of strengthening the power of the shogunate government.
- 秀忠死後は政治のかなりの部分を幕閣に任せており、家光が親政を行なったというのは幕閣がそのように宣伝した結果であるとも言われている。
- After the death of Hidetada, Iemitsu let the Bakufu cabinet officials conduct most of the political works and people's perception that Iemitsu personally engaged in politics is said to be the result of propaganda by cabinet officials.
- 家康の死後、二代将軍徳川秀忠は、江戸の北東の守りを確保するため、小石川門の西から南に流れていた平川をまっすぐ東に通す改修を行った。
- After the death of Ieyasu, the second shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA ordered the the diversion of the Hirakawa River, which flowed southwards from west side of the Koishigawa-mon gate, to flow eastwards to secure a defensive barrier for Northeastern Edo..
- 源義家の後を継いだ河内源氏四代の源義忠は京都に進出し、河内源氏の本拠地の石川荘は、義家の六男の源義時(陸奥六郎義時)が相続し守る。
- MINAMOTO no Yoshitada who was in the fourth generation of Kawachi-Genji succeeded MINAMOTO no Yoshiie and went into Kyoto, and the Ishikawa manor, base of Kawachi-Genji was inherited and kept by the sixth son of Yoshiie, MINAMOTO no Yoshitoki (Mutsu no Rokuro Yoshitoki).
- 忠行の子・賀茂保憲は暦博士と天文博士を兼ねたが、その死後は保憲の子・賀茂光栄の子孫が暦道を、門人安倍晴明の子孫が天文道を継承した。
- KAMO no Yasunori, who was the son of Tadayuki, held Reki Hakase concurrently with Tenmon Hakase (master of astrology); however, after his death the descendants of KAMO no Mitsuyoshi, the son of Yasunori, took over rekido and the descendants of ABE no Seimei, a follower, took over tenmondo (ancient horoscopy).
- その後、龍伯があくまで徹底抗戦をしようとした島津義弘や新納忠元らを説得して島津氏が完全に秀吉に降伏したのは、5月下旬のことである。
- Subsequently, Ryuhaku talked Yoshihiro SHIMAZU and Tadamoto NINO out of their intention resist until the end, and the Shimazu clan completely yielded to Hideyoshi by the end of June.
- この時に雪が降っていたというのは『仮名手本忠臣蔵』での脚色であり、実際は冷え込みが厳しかったが満月のほぼ快晴だったといわれている。
- In 'Kanadehon Chushingura,' it is dramatized to be snowing that day, however, in reality, the weather was very clear with full moon yet it was very cold.
- 上総介縣犬養為政の妻子が京へ逃れ、これを見た上総国の国人たちは忠常に加担して反乱は房総三カ国(上総国、下総国、安房国)に広まった。
- The wife and children of Tamemasa INUKAI, Kazusa no suke (Assistant Governor of Kazusa Province), escaped to Kyoto and the kokujins (provincial warriors) in Kazusa Province who saw this cooperated with Tadatsune and the rebellion extended to the three Boso provinces (Kazusa, Shimousa and Awa).
- 那須信吾は中山忠光を逃すべく決死隊を編成して敵陣に突入して討ち死に、藤本鉄石も討ち死にし、負傷して失明していた松本奎堂は自刃した。
- Shingo NASU organized a death squad in order to make Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA flee, entered into an enemy camp and died in battle; Tesseki FUJIMOTO was also killed in battle; Keido MATSUMOTO who had lost eye sight from an injury committed suicide.
- 幕藩体制を形作る諸制度は初代将軍徳川家康以降、2代徳川秀忠、3代徳川家光の時代に、鎖国体制や知行制、村請制などが確立されていった。
- Various systems to build up Bakuhan-taisei, including systems of sakoku (national isolation), chigyo (enfeoffment) and murauke (village wide, collective responsibility for tax payment) were established under the reigns of the first to third shogunates, namely Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, Hidetada TOKUGAWA and Iemitsu TOKUGAWA.
- 平安期には、藤原貞敏(琵琶)・藤原冬緒(儒学)・藤原興風(和歌)・藤原忠房(和歌、舞楽)など、文化・芸術面で多くの人材を輩出した。
- During the Heian period, Kyoke produced many talents in culture and art: FUJIWARA no Sadatoshi (biwa, Japanese lute), FUJIWARA no Fuyuo (Confucianism), FUJIWARA no Okikaze (waka, Japanese poetry), and FUJIWARA no Tadafusa (waka and bugaku, or Japanese court dance and music) among others.
- 赤穂城開城後、大石内蔵助や吉田忠左衛門ら藩士の一部は遠林寺に入って、5月21日 (旧暦)(6月26日)まで藩政残務処理に追われた。
- After the surrender, a small group of retainers including Kuranosuke OISHI and Chuzaemon YOSHIDA went to Enrin-ji Temple and dealt with the remaining domain duties until June 26.
- 通有の子、内大臣六条有房(1251年-1319年)は後宇多天皇の近臣となり、その子の中納言六条有忠も大覚寺統の公家として活動した。
- Naidaijin (minister of the center) Arifusa ROKUJO (1251-1319), a son of Michiari, became a vassal of Emperor Gouda, and his son, Chunagon (associate chief of the councilor of state) Aritada ROKUJO also served well as a member of the family of Daikakuji-to (imperial lineage starting with Emperor Kameyama).
- 落雷は隣の紫宸殿にも走り、右兵衛佐美努忠包が髪を、同じく紀蔭連が腹を、安曇宗仁が膝を焼かれて死亡、更に警備の近衛府も2名死亡した。
- Lightning flashed through the Shishinden (hall for state ceremonies), and Uhyoe no suke (assistant captain of the Right Division of Middle Palace Guards) MINU no Tadakane's hair caught fire and he died, Uhyoe no suke KI no Kagetsura's stomach was burnt and he died, Azumi Munehito's knees were burnt and he died, and two guards of Konoefu (the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards) died.
- 成親が召還され、事件処理に当たった時忠・信範が「奏事不実(奏上に事実でない点があった)」(『百錬抄』)の罪により解官・配流される。
- Narichika was recalled and, TAIRA no Tokitada and TAIRA no Nobunori, who were in charge of the case, were dismissed and exiled for 'reporting untrue to the Emperor' ('Hyakuren sho - History book from the Kamakura period).
- 公家では吉田定房・万里小路宣房・北畠親房の「後の三房」と千種忠顕・坊門清忠らを重用し、後伏見天皇院政の人材も能力に応じて採用した。
- Among the nobility, the so-called 'Three Latter-day Fusas,' Sadafusa YOSHIDA, Nobufusa MADENOKOJI, and Chikafusa KITABATAKE, along with Tadaaki CHIGUSA and Kiyotada BOMON were all appointed to important posts, while talented men in retired Emperor Gofushimi's administration were also put to use according to their abilities.
- 義久に男子無く、また、忠恒の兄(鶴寿丸・島津久保)が若くして死去したため、義久の三女である亀寿と結婚し、島津氏宗家の後継者となった。
- Because Yoshihisa had no sons and Tadatsune's elder brothers Tsurujumaru and Hisayasu died young, he married Yoshihisa's third daughter, Kameju, and became a successor as the head of the Shimazu clan.
- この頃より大坂城総構への南方からの大砲射撃も本格化し、幕府方の仕寄は堀際まで松平忠明隊は20から30間、藤堂隊は7間に近接している。
- Since about that time cannon shootings from the south to the sogamae of Osaka-jo Castle went into full swing, bakufu's shiyori approached near to the moat, Tadaakira Matsudaira troop 20 to 30 ken (one ken equals to about 1.8 meters) and Todo troop 7 ken.
- 江戸三田(東京都港区 (東京都)三田駅 (東京都))の前川忠大夫宅で堀部と会談し、浅野内匠頭の一周忌になる明年3月に決行を約束した。
- Oishi met Horibe at the residence of Chudaibu MAEKAWA located in Mita, Edo (current location of Mita Station, Minato Ward, Tokyo) and promised to carry out the plan in March of the next year, the first anniversary of Asano Takumi no Kami's death.
- 南北朝時代(日本)になると、信清の子孫の坊門信行が北朝において公卿に列し、隆清の子孫の坊門清忠は後醍醐天皇の側近となり公卿に列した。
- Once the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) began, however, Nobuyuki BOMON, Nobukiyo's descendant, was ranked among the nobility at the Northern Court, while Takakiyo's descendant, Kiyotada BOMON, became a trusted retainer to the Emperor Godaigo and was ranked among the nobility of the Southern Court.
- 『中外抄』と異なり、談話の時期は明記されていないが、概して保元の乱に連座して船岡山山麓の知足院に幽閉されていた忠実晩年の言談である。
- Different from 'Chugaisho,' it has no date entry but the discourse might have been given in Tadazane's later years when he was confined in Chisoku-in Temple at the foot of Mt. Funaoka on the charge of being implicated in the Hogen Disturbance.
- また、一族衆が宗家の地位を奪って戦国大名化する例は枚挙にいとまがないほどであり、例えば、島津忠良・南部晴政・里見義堯らの事例がある。
- Furthermore, cases where members of a given family usurped the position of head of the family and made themselves daimyo (territorial lords) are too numerous to count; examples include Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, Harumasa NANBU, and Yoshitaka SATOMI.
- そして、義家の死後に家督を継承し栄名を誇った、義家の四男源義忠が叔父・源義光の策謀で暗殺されたことによって河内源氏の武名は損なわれた。
- The military renown of Kawachi-Genji was deteriorated by the assassination of MINAMOTO no Yoshitada, the fourth son of Yoshiie, who took over as the head of the family and enjoyed his fame after the death of Yoshiie, under/in the plot by his uncle MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu.
- 最終的に島津氏は九州の大部分を没収されたが、石田三成と伊集院忠棟による戦後処理の結果、薩摩・大隅国の2国を安堵され九州征伐は終了した。
- Although the Shimazu clan was finally deprived of most of its territories in Kyushu, it was granted the right to rule Satsuma and Osumi Provinces as a result of the post-war actions taken by Mitsunari ISHIDA and Tadamune IJUIN.
- しかし金右衛門はやがて本当にお艶に本当に恋するようになり、彼女を騙して絵図面を手に入れたことに自責の念を感じ、忠義と恋慕の間で苦しむ。
- However, Kinemon started falling in love with Otsuya and struggled between loyalty and love due to a sense of guilt he was feeling for deceiving her and acquiring the map.
- しかし、主流の美濃守護職は頼忠の家系(西池田家)に奪われたために、康行の家系は世保家と称して、伊勢守護職を断続的に継承することになる。
- However, as Yasuyuki's family line was deprived of Mino no shugoshiki (provincial constable of Mino Province) by Yoritada's family line (the Nishiikeda clan), Yasuyuki's family line referred to itself as the Seho clan, and intermittently took over Ise no Shugoshiki (provincial constable of Ise Province).
- 上皇方には源為義、源頼賢、源為朝、源頼憲(多田頼憲)、平忠正らが、天皇方には、源義朝、平清盛、源頼政、源義康(足利義康)らが味方する。
- MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, MINAMOTO no Yorikata, MINAMOTO no Tametomo, MINAMOTO no Yorinori (Yorinori TADA) and TAIRA no Tadamasa sided with the retired emperor, while MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, TAIRA no Kiyomori, MINAMOTO no Yorimasa and MINAMOTO no Yoshiyasu (Yoshiyasu ASHIKAGA) sided with the Emperor.
- 天正10年6月2日 (旧暦)(1582年6月21日)、織田信長とその嫡男で当主の織田信忠が本能寺の変で重臣の明智光秀によって殺害される。
- On July 1, 1582, Nobunaga ODA and Nobutada ODA, Nobunaga's heir and the family head, were killed by Nobunaga's senior vassal Mitsuhide AKECHI at Honno-ji Temple (aka. 'Honnoji Incident' [the Raid on the Honno-ji Temple]).
- 延宝8年(1680年)6月26日、四代将軍徳川家綱葬儀中の増上寺において長矩の母方の叔父にあたる内藤忠勝が永井尚長に対して刃傷に及んだ。
- On July 21, 1680, Tadakatsu NAITO, who was a maternal uncle of Naganori, attacked Naonaga NAGAI during the funeral of the 4th Shogun Ietsuna TOKUGAWA at Zojo-ji Temple.
- 一時期、駿府藩が設置された時期があるが、駿河大納言徳川忠長の改易以後は藩は廃止され、幕府の直轄都市として駿府城代・駿府町奉行が置かれた。
- Although the domain of Sunpu was established and maintained for a certain time period, the domain was abolished after kaieki (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties) of Tadanaga TOKUGAWA, Suruga Dainagon (chief councilor of state), and Sunpu Jodai (keeper of castle) and Sunpu machibugyo (town magistrate of Sunpu) were posted as a city under direct control of the bakufu.
- 文書の様式は、まず文書先頭に自分の名前を書き、以下に軍忠の具体的事実を書くことを宣言する(「誰々申軍忠事」という文言になることが多い)。
- Such documents were written according to the following format; the vassal's name came first and then details regarding the facts of the vassal's superior military valor were stated (often with the words: 'I report our superior military valor.')
- なお、真弓常忠は先述の「塞の神」について、本来は「サヒ(鉄)の神」の意味だったと述べていて、「塞の神」と製鉄の神がここで結びついてくる。
- Tsunetada MAYUMI explains that the aforementioned 'sae no kami' originally meant 'Sahi (iron) no kami' and here 'sae no kami' and the god of iron production is linked.
- しかし、時政の子の義時と北条政子はこの動きに反発し、有力御家人と連帯して、時政を引退させるとともに、平賀朝雅を抹殺した(畠山重忠の乱)。
- However, Tokimasa's son Yoshitoki and Masako HOJO opposed to this move, collaborated with the senior vassals, forced Tokimasa to retire and eliminated Tomomasa HIRAGA (Shigetada HATAKEYAMA Rebellion).
- また翌年の慶長6年、島津家では一向宗禁止令が出され(義久、義弘、忠恒の連名による正式な通達として)、その後の「かくれ念仏」の原因となった。
- The next year in 1601, the Shimazu family issued a ban on the Ikko sect (a formal notice with the names of Yoshihisa, Yoshihiro and Tadatsune), and ultimately this became the cause of the later 'hidden chanting.'
- 清和天皇の頃に五紀暦・宣明暦の導入を主唱した大春日真野麻呂や大衍暦を日本に持ち帰った吉備真備の6代目の子孫とされる賀茂忠行が良く知られた。
- The following two figures are well-known as Reki Hakase: OKASUGA no Manomaro, who in the reign of the Emperor Seiwa advocated the introduction of Goki reki (Wuji calendar, a lunar-solar calendar developed in the Tang by Guo Xianzhi and used in China during the years 762 to 821) and Senmyo reki (a variation of the lunar calendar that was created in ancient China); and KAMO no Tadayuki, believed to be the sixth generation descendant of KIBI no Makibi, who brought the Taien calendar to Japan.
- 日本軍は約2ヶ月で全羅道、忠清道を席巻し、京畿道への進出を果たすと、冬を前に朝鮮半島南岸に撤収し、各地に新たな城(倭城)の築城を開始する。
- Having conquered Jeolla Province, Chungcheong Province and advanced into Gyeonggi Province within about two months, the Japanese forces returned to the southern shore of the Korean Peninsula before winter and started the establishment of new castles (Japanese castles) in various places.
- 清洲会議において柴田勝家が推薦する織田信孝(信長の三男)を抑えて、信長の嫡孫である織田秀信(織田信忠の嫡男)を信長の後継者として擁立した。
- At the Kiyosu conference, Hideyoshi decided to elect Hidenobu ODA (the eldest legitimate son of Nobutada ODA) as the successor to Nobunaga, over Nobutaka ODA (Nobunaga's third son) who was recommended by Katsuie SHIBATA.
- 3月5日 (旧暦)(4月1日)、吉田忠左衛門(200石加東郡郡代)と近松勘六(馬廻250石)がこの決定を江戸の同志達に伝えるべく下向した。
- On April 1, Chuzaemon YOSHIDA (administrator of Kato district, 200 koku) and Kanroku CHIKAMATSU (bodyguard, 250 koku) went down to Edo to tell this decision to their comrades.
- 平安京は中国の風水に忠実に設計された都市で四方を山に囲まれ、東に鴨川 (淀川水系)が西に桂川 (淀川水系)が蛇行しながら南へと流れている。
- Heian-kyo was designed according to the principles of Chinese feng shui; surrounded by mountains on all sides with the Kamo-gawa River (the Yodo-gawa River system) in the east and the Katsura-gawa River (the Yodo-gawa River system) in the west which both meander southward.
- 忠光は長州に逃れて下関市に隠れていたが、禁門の変の後に長州藩の実権を握った恭順派(俗論党)によって元治元年(1864年)11月に絞殺された。
- He escaped to Choshu and was hiding himself in Shimonoseki City, but he was strangled in November of 1864 by the deference faction (Zokuron-to) which came to have the actual power within the domain after the Kinmon Incident.
- 幕府では6代将軍義教が篠川御所の足利満直や駿河国の守護今川範忠に憲実の救援を命じ、さらに禅秀の子上杉持房、上杉教朝らをも含む幕軍を派遣する。
- In the bakufu the sixth shogun Yoshinori ordered Mitsunao ASHIKAGA of Sasagawa Gosho (an administrative organization for governing the Tohoku regions, settled by the Kamakura bakufu in the Muromachi period: it also refers to its head Mitsunao ASHIKAGA.) and Noritada IMAGAWA, shugo (a provincial constable) of the Suruga Province, to help Norizane and also dispatched the bakufu army including Zenshu's sons, Mochifusa UESUGI and Noritomo UESUGI.
- 徳川家康、松平信康、石川数正、本多忠勝、榊原康政、鳥居元忠、大久保忠世、大久保忠佐、大久保忠教、高木清秀、成瀬正一 (戦国武将)、日下部定好
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, Nobuyasu MATSUDAIRA, Kazumasa ISHIKAWA, Tadakatsu HONDA, Yasumasa SAKAKIBARA, Mototada TORII, Tadayo OKUBO, Tadasuke OKUBO, Tadataka OKUBO, Kiyohide TAKAGI, Masakazu NARUSE (busho in the Sengoku period), Sadayoshi KUSAKABE.
- また、保科氏は将軍徳川秀忠の庶子・保科正之が継ぎ、小笠原氏は豊前小倉藩で九州の押えを任じられるなど徳川政権下では重く用いられている家は多い。
- There were many families which were given important positions under the Tokugawa government as seen in the fact that the Hoshina clan was inherited by Masayuki HOSHINA, who was an illegitimate child of the shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, and the Ogasawara clan was given Buzen Kokura to keep an eye on Kyushu.
- また、この合戦によって徳川家康の真田氏に対する評価は高まり、結果として本多忠勝の娘である小松姫を真田信之へ嫁がせて懐柔するきっかけともなった。
- In addition, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA recognized the Sanada clan highly through this battle, and as a result, he had Tadakatsu HONDA's daughter Komatsuhime marry into Nobuyuki SANADA for conciliation.
- 本来、徒党を組んでの討ち入りは死罪に値するものの、忠義を奨励していた将軍綱吉や側用人柳沢吉保をはじめとする幕閣は死罪か助命かで対応に苦慮した。
- Those who made raids usually received the death penalty; however, since Shogun Tsunayoshi and the cabinet officials of the Shogunate, such as his chamberlain Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA, encouraged heroic deeds, they struggled between terminating and saving their lives.
- 近世には江戸に武家政権が成立し、鶴岡八幡宮は徳川家康・秀忠の保護を受け、社殿の修理が行われたが、もはや鎌倉が政治の表舞台になることはなかった。
- Since the establishment of the military government in Edo in early-modern times, Kamakura did not appear on history's center stage, although the shrine building of Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine was remodeled under the protection of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
- 更に、上の身分の者が奉公などの褒賞として下の者に下賜された衣装を実際に着用した場合には、儒教の忠の観念との兼ね合いから黙認せざるを得なかった。
- Also, when lower-ranked people put on clothes granted by higher-ranked people for their good service, this had to be tolerated from the viewpoint of Confucius's teaching of loyalty.
- 信頼と提携関係にあった摂関家の藤原忠通・基実父子も参入したことで、清盛は一気に官軍としての体裁を整えるに至り、信頼・義朝の追討宣旨が下された。
- Even FUJIWARA no Tadamichi and his son Motozane, both of the elite Fujiwara branch that produced regents and advisors and with whom Nobuyori had been close, joined the counter-rebellion at Rokuhara, meaning that Kiyomori had achieved, in a stroke, total legitimacy for his army, and soon his forces received an imperial order to hunt down and destroy Nobuyori and Yoshitomo.
- 織田政権内での主導権をもくろむ秀吉は、さらに清洲会議にて信忠の子・三法師(織田秀信)の後見となり、事実上の信長の後継者としての地位を確立する。
- Hideyoshi, who aimed to take the initiative in the Oda government, became the guardian for Sanposhi (Hidenobu ODA), who was a son of Nobutada, as a result of the Meeting in Kiyosu-jo Castle and established his position as the successor of Nobunaga.
- 慶長10年(1605年)正月に家康が、つづいて2月 (旧暦)に秀忠が伊達政宗ら奥羽の大名を加え10万とも16万ともいわれる大軍を率いて上洛した。
- On New Year's Day of 1605 Ieyasu visited Kyoto, followed by by Hidetada in February (the old calendar) with a large force of an estimated about 100,000 and 160,000 retainers including daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) in Ou such as Masamune DATE.
- 杉若無心はおよそ一千人を率いて山本康忠の籠る龍松山(市ノ瀬)城(現上富田町)に向かい、仙石秀久・尾藤知宣・藤堂高虎は千五百の兵で湯河勢を追った。
- While Mushin SUGIWAKA left for Ryushosan (Ichinose)-jo Castle (present Kamitonda-cho) where Yasutada YAMAMOTO stayed, leading about 1,000 soldiers, Hidehisa SENGOKU, Tomonobu BITO and Takatora TODO chased the Yukawa troops, leading 1,500 soldiers.
- 商法の施行延期が決定されたことで論争はさらに勢いを増し、1891年、穂積八束が『民法出デテ忠孝亡ブ』という論文を発表し、「我国ハ祖先教ノ国ナリ。
- The decision to postpone the enforcement of the Commercial Code led to disputes, and in 1891 Yatsuka HOZUMI said the following in his thesis 'Minho Idete Chuko Horobu' (As civil laws are being introduced, loyalty and filial duty are being lost): 'Our country worships ancestors.
- 英林孝景の次男・朝倉秀景の孫・朝倉政元は、後北条氏、豊臣秀次、徳川家康と仕え、政元の子・朝倉政明は徳川秀忠に仕え、500石の旗本として存続した。
- Masamoto ASAKURA, who was the second son of Erin Takakage (Toshikage ASAKURA) and grandson of Hidekage ASAKURA, served the Gohojo clan, Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI, and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in a consecutive manner, and Motomasa's son Masaaki ASAKURA served Hidetada TOKUGAWA as hatamoto (a direct retainer of the bakufu) with a stipend of 500 koku crop yield.
- 昭和期の当主、醍醐忠重は、海軍に入り海軍中将にまで進み、侍従武官、第5潜水艦隊司令官、第6艦隊司令長官などを歴任するが、戦後、戦犯に指定される。
- Tadashige DAIGO, who was the family head during the Showa Period, joined the navy and was promoted to vice admiral, filling various post including military attaché to the palace, commander of the Fifth Submarine Fleet, commander-in-chief of the Sixth Fleet, but he was designated a war criminal after the war.
- 特に内蔵寮など自己に属していた官人の多くを失った壬生家の反発は強く、寛永11年(1634年)に出納平田職忠と官務壬生孝亮との間の相論に発展した。
- Especially, the Mibu family reacted sharply because their former subordinate officials, including those of the Palace Storehouse Bureau, were taken over by the Hirata family, which culminated in the dispute between 'suino' Mototada HIRATA and 'kanmu' Takasuke MIBU in 1634.
- その後、叔父出羽守忠穀に家名存続のみが許されたが、その子出羽守忠友が家治の側近として活躍したため明和5年(1768年)大浜藩にて大名に復帰する。
- After this incident, only his uncle Tadayoshi, the Dewa no kami was allowed to succeed to the family name; however, Tadayoshi's son, Tadatomo, succeeded as a close adviser to Ieharu, which allowed the family to regain the daimyo position in the Ohama Domain in 1768.
- 安田元久などの旧来の学説では、在地経営が私営田経営であった平将門から平忠常の時代は、「兵」の時代であって、「武士」はその次ぎの段階であるとする。
- The former academic theory of Motohisa YASUDA referred to the period of TAIRA no Masakado when local land managing was shieiden management of TAIRA no Tadatsune during the period of 'tsuwamono' and 'bushi' was the next step.
- 政治機構内においては初代徳川家康と二代徳川秀忠、三代徳川家光、五代徳川綱吉、八代徳川吉宗、十一代徳川家斉の治世は征夷大将軍親政で政治が行なわれた。
- Under the political structure of the Edo bakufu, it is considered that the country was ruled by the shogun himself during the rules of the first shogun, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, the second shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, the third shogun, Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, the fifth shogun, Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, the eighth shogun, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, and the eleventh shogun, Ienari TOKUGAWA,
- 日本の諸将は全州で軍議を行い、右軍、中軍、左軍、水軍に別れ諸将の進撃路と制圧する地方の分担を行い、守備担当を決め全羅道・忠清道を瞬く間に占領した。
- Japanese commanders held a council of war in Jeonju and divided themselves into the Right, Middle, and Left groups and the Navy and allocated marching routes and districts to conquer, and determined which troops were in charge of defense and immediately occupied Jeolla Province after marching from Chungcheong.
- 幕府は46人の赤穂浪士をいったん泉岳寺から仙石伯耆守の屋敷に引き揚げさせて、それから細川綱利、松平定直、毛利綱元、水野忠之の4大名家に預けさせた。
- The bakufu decided to let 46 Ako Roshi withdraw from Sengaku-ji Temple to the residence of Hokinokami SENGOKU for a short period of time and then sent them to the families of 4 feudal lords, Tsunatoshi HOSOKAWA, Sadanao MATSUDAIRA, Tsunamoto MORI and Tadayuki MIZUNO.
- 皇民化教育(こうみんかきょういく)は大日本帝国の支配地域において、その主権者とされた天皇を中心として大日本帝国への忠誠を要求した教化政策とされる。
- Japanization education is defined as an edification policy in territories under the governance of the Empire of Japan, requesting fealty toward the Empire of Japan led by its ruler, the Emperor.
- 岩倉、議定・中山忠能、外国官知事・伊達宗城らをともない、警護の長州藩、土佐藩、備前藩、大洲藩の4藩の兵隊を含め、その総数は3,300人にも及んだ。
- In the company of Iwakura, the Gitei Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, the governor of foreign affairs, Munenari DATE, and others, along with the army of the four clans of Choshu, Tosa, Bizen, and Ozu, a total of 3,300 people visited Tokyo.
- 『承久記』によると、敗走した京方の藤原秀康、三浦胤義、山田重忠は最後の一戦をせんと御所に駆けつけるが、上皇は門を固く閉じて彼らを追い返してしまう。
- According to the 'Jokyu ki' (Chronicle of the Jokyu Era), the routed generals of the capital faction, Hideyasu FUJIWARA, Taneyoshi MIURA, and Shigetada YAMADA, intended to fight to the last and rushed to the imperial palace to make their stand, but the retired Emperor Gotoba had ordered the gates firmly shut and turned them away.
- 10時に鹿児島藩知藩事・島津忠義、山口藩知事・毛利元徳、佐賀藩知事・鍋島直大及び高知藩知事・山内豊範の代理の板垣を召し出し、廃藩の詔勅を読み上げた。
- At 10 am, the government gathered chihanji of Kagoshima domain Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, Motonori MORI, chiji of Saga domain Naota NABESHIMA and Itagali, a proxy of chiji of Kochi domain Toyonori Yamanouchi, and read the Imperial edict of haihan.
- 田は同化政策とは内地延長主義であり、台湾民衆を完全な日本国民とし、皇室に忠誠な国民とするための教化と国家国民としての観念を涵養するものと述べている。
- Den stated that an assimilation policy was inland territorial expansionism and that the Taiwanese would be educated to understand their role and responsibilities as Japanese subjects loyal to the Imperial family.
- また廃仏毀釈や大名家の没落に伴い、多くの優れた美術品が古道具市場にあふれ、美術商だった林忠正らの積極的な売買により欧米に流出しそのまま帰らなかった。
- In addition, with haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism) and the downfall of daimyo family (feudal lord family) seen notably, the market of secondhand articles began to be filled with many excellent Japanese art works, and through the aggressive intermediary contracts by Tadamasa HAYASHI and other Japanese art dealers, they flew out to the West, never to return.
- このため9月に老中間部詮勝、京都所司代酒井忠義 (若狭国小浜藩主)らが上洛し、近藤茂左衛門、梅田雲浜らを逮捕したことを皮切りに激しい弾圧が始まった。
- As a result, Roju Akikatsu MANABE and Kyoto deputy Tadaaki SAKAI (who was also the lord of Obama Domain of Wakasa Province) went to Kyoto and arrested Mozaemon KONDO and Unpin UMEDA, heralding the start of intense oppression.
- 1859年8月には朝廷工作を行なっていた水戸藩らに対して戊午の密勅が下され、ほぼ同じ時期、幕府側の同調者であった関白・九条尚忠が辞職に追い込まれた。
- In August, 1859, the government gave a secret Imperial decree to Mito Domain (who had been carrying out covert action against the Imperial Court), and at roughly the same time the chief adviser to the Emperor, Hisataka KUJO who was a government sympathizer was forced to resign his position.
- 代わって、天皇への忠誠心がある有能な人材には新たに作られた真人(まひと)・朝臣(あそん)・宿禰(すくね)・忌寸(いみき)の姓(カバネ)が与えられた。
- Instead, those competent individuals who showed their loyalty to the emperor were given new kabane such as mahito, ason, sukune and imiki.
- たまたま、変を嗅ぎつけたらしい摂津衆の一人・中川清秀から書状が舞い込み、秀吉は「上様(信長)・殿様(信忠)は危難を切り抜けられ大津市に下がっている。
- A letter came from Kiyohide NAKAGAWA, one of the Settsushu members who seemed to have smelled the incident, but Hideyoshi sent to Kiyohide a reply to the effect: 'His Highness (Nobunaga) and the Lord (Nobutada) have overcome the crisis and retreated to Otsu City,
- 秀忠は同日4日に岡山に着陣し、家康が講和を策している事を知り家康に総攻撃を具申するが、家康は敵を侮る事を戒め戦わずに勝つ事を考えよとこれを退けている。
- Hidetada, arriving at Okayama on 4th of the same day, and knowing that Ieyasu was thinking of pacification, advised Ieyasu to make an all-out attack, however, Ieyasu rejected it, telling him not to take the enemies lightly, but to think of winning without fighting.
- 織田信長、織田信忠、河尻秀隆、柴田勝家、丹羽長秀、羽柴秀吉、佐久間信盛、滝川一益、佐々成政、前田利家、水野信元、(一説には明智光秀も参戦)、野々村正成
- Nobunaga ODA, Nobutada ODA, Hidetaka KAWAJIRI, Katsuie SHIBATA, Nagahide NIWA, Hideyoshi HASHIBA, Nobumori SAKUMA, Kazumasu TAKIGAWA, Narimasa SASSA, Toshiie MAEDA, Nobumoto MIZUNO (also Mitsuhide AKECHI according to a theory), and Masanari NONOMURA.
- 同時に秀政の三男の小笠原忠知には豊後国杵築藩(現在の大分県杵築市)4万石が、忠脩の長男の長次には豊前国中津藩(現在の大分県中津市)8万石が与えられた。
- At the same time, the third son of Hidemasa, Tadatomo OGASAWARA was given Kitsuki Domain, Bungo Province (presently Kitsuki City, Oita Prefecture) holding 40,000 koku and the eldest son of Tadanaga, Nagatsugu was given Nakatsu Domain, Buzen Province (presently Nakatsu City, Oita Prefecture) holding 80,000 koku.
- すなわち小野篁、菅原清正、春澄善縄、島田忠臣、都良香、紀長谷雄などの英才秀才が集まり、空前未曾有の盛況を呈し、菅原道真においてその極に達したと言える。
- As a result, the department attracted legions of gifted and talented persons such as ONO no Takamura, SUGAWARA no Kiyomasa, HARUZUMI no Yoshitada, SHIMADA no Tadaomi, MIYAKO no Yoshika, and KI no Haseo while welcoming an unparalleled boom, and it can be said that the department reached its peak with the appearance of SUGARAWA no Michizane.
- 第7編「国民の職分を論ず」において、主君のために自分の命を投げ出す忠君義士の討死と、主人の命令を守れなかったために首をくくった権助の死を同一視している。
- In the seventh volume 'Consideration of the jobs of people', he painted a very loyal hero who sacrificed himself to his lord, and an ordinary man who killed himself because he could not uphold the order from his lord, with the same brush.
- 『続日本紀』の記述は光仁天皇を最終的に皇位継承者として認めた称徳天皇が神託事件の首謀者であった点をぼかした以外は事実をほぼ忠実に伝えていると解している。
- He thinks that things described in 'Shoku Nihongi' are generally accurate except that the author avoided to write clearly that the true ringleader of this Oracle Incident was the Empress Shotoku, who eventually approved Emperor Konin as her successor.
- その間1649年(慶安2年)に福知山藩に入った松平忠房が行った検地は、地租改正が行われるまで福知山の土地制度の基準となったためこれを松平検地と呼ばれる。
- During this time, the land survey carried out in 1649 by Tadafusa MATSUDAIRA, who joined the Fukuchiyama clan, acted as a benchmark for the land system in Fukuchiyama until the Land Tax Reform was carried out, and was called Matsudaira's land survey.
- 美濃の守護職を務める頼忠の子の土岐頼益は、優れた武将で合戦でたびたび戦功があり、「幕府七頭」の一家として評定衆に列し、侍所別当として幕閣の重鎮となった。
- Mino no Shugo (provincial constable of Mino Province) Yorimasu TOKI, the son of Yoritada, was an excellent busho (military commander) and often distingushed himself in battles, who was listed in Hyojoshu (a member of the Council of State) as one of the head of the Bakufu-Shichito (7 greatest families of bakufu), and became a grand person of the Shogunal cabinet as Samurai-dokoro betto (an administrator of the Board of Retainers).
- なお、徳川家も秀吉と同じく大和四座を保護していたが、秀忠は大和四座を離れた猿楽師であった喜多七太夫長能に保護を与え、元和年間に喜多流の創設を認めている。
- As with Hideyoshi, the Tokugawa family protected Yamato-shiza, but Hidetada protected Kita Shichidayu Nagayoshi, sarugaku-shi who seceded from Yamato-shiza, and approved the establishment of the Kita school during the Genna era.
- しかし、宗忠は単に「私記」と記してあった書が『清慎公記』と気づかずに、後日になって同書を譲ったとする顕仲と事実無根とする宗忠の間に紛争となったとされる。
- However, Munetada didn't recognize the book, simply titled 'Shiki,' as ''Seishinko-ki,'' and later there was a conflict between Akinaka who claimed he gave the book to Munetada, and Munetada who claimed he didn't receive it.
- なお、この事件が発生する前の4月16日 (旧暦)(5月14日)に、久光は近衛忠房らに公武合体を説いた意見書を提出し、朝廷から浪士鎮撫の勅命を受けていた。
- Incidentally, Hisamitsu submitted a written statement concerning Kobu-gattai to Tadafusa KONOE on May 14, prior to the Teradaya incident, and received an Imperial order to pacify masterless samurai.
- 盛親以外には、細川興秋は父・細川忠興から自刃を命じられ、増田長盛は盛次の罪を背負う形で配流先の岩槻区で、また古田重然は国松を匿った疑いでそれぞれ自刃した。
- Besides Morichika, Okiaki HOSOKAWA was ordered by his father to commit jijin (suicide with one's sword) by his father, Tadaoki HOSOKAW, Nagamori MASHITA committed jijin in Iwatsuki Ward where he was banished to compensate for Moritsugu's crime, and Shigenari FURUTA did so for the suspicion of harboring Kunimatsu.
- しかし、信幸とその岳父である本多忠勝の助命嘆願などもあって、一命を助けられてはじめ高野山、のち幸村が妻を同行させることを願ったため九度山町に流罪となった。
- However, thanks to a plea for sparing lives made by Nobuyuki and his father-in-law Tadakatsu HONDA, they escaped death and were exiled to Mt. Koya first, and then, because Yukimura wished to have his wife accompanied, to Kudoyama Town.
- また体面を保つ為の出費も著しかったなど、一概に上野介のみを非難する向きも疑問があり、仮名手本忠臣蔵を盾に、自藩の失策を弁明しているとも受け取る事が出来る。
- At the same time, they also spent quite a lot of money to keep their dignity, and therefore, it is questionable to criticize only Kozuke no Suke, and one assumes that they were trying to cover up their own faults through Kanadehon Chushingura.
- 広嗣は「わたしは大忠臣だ。神霊が我を見捨てることはない。神よ風波を静めたまえ」と祈って駅鈴を海に投じたが、風波は更に激しくなり、値嘉嶋に戻されてしまった。
- Hirotsugu prayed and said 'I am a loyal subject. Divine spirit will not abandon me. God, stop wind and waves.', and threw ekirei (a bell needed for the exercise of imperial power) into the sea, but the wind and waves intensified further and he was pushed back to Chikano-shima Island.
- 平安時代の後期になると、経輔の孫の藤原経忠は妻の藤原実子が鳥羽天皇の乳母であったことから院近臣として白河天皇および鳥羽法皇に仕え従二位中納言まで昇進した。
- But in the latter days of the Heian period, FUJIWARA no Jisshi, the wife of Tsunesuke's grandson FUJIWARA no Tsunetada, was wetnurse to Emperor Toba, which led to Tsunetada serving both Emperor Shirakawa and Cloistered Emperor Toba as an In no kinshin (vassal to the retired emperor), reaching Junii (Junior Second Rank) and holding the position of Chunagon (Middle Counselor).
- 南朝方は名和長年・結城親光・千種忠顕のほか、北畠顕家・新田義貞らが1338年(延元3年/暦応元年)までに次々と戦死し、軍事的に北朝方が圧倒的に優位に立つ。
- By 1338 the Southern Court faction had seen its military leaders, including Nagatoshi NAWA, Chikamitsu YUKI, and Tadaaki CHIGUSA, and in addition Akiie KITABATAKE and Yoshisada NITTA, die in battle one after the other, and were overwhelmingly outmatched militarily by the Northern Court faction.
- 義朝は東国への脱出を図るが途中で頼朝とはぐれ、朝長・義隆を失い、12月29日尾張国内海荘司・長田忠致の邸にたどり着いたところを鎌田正家とともに殺害された。
- Yoshitomo was planning to escape to safety in the Kanto, but along the way got separated from Yoritomo and lost Yorinaga and Yoshitaka as well, until at last, on February 15, just as he arrived at the residence of Tadamune OSADA, he and his companion Masaie KANATA were slain.
- 日本軍は釜山西方の制圧を画策して、第一次晋州城攻防戦(1592年9月、細川忠興指揮の日本軍対金時敏指揮の朝鮮軍)を生起させるが苦戦したうえ、攻城に失敗した。
- Intending to conquer the area west of Busan, the Japanese army caused the first Siege of Jinju (in September 1592, the Japanese army commanded by Tadaoki HOSOKAWA versus the Korean army commanded by Kim Si-min) and, after hard battles, failed in attack on the castle.
- このとき将軍徳川吉宗は、水野を秋元喬房に預かりとして改易に処しながらも切腹はさせず、また親族の水野忠穀に信濃国佐久郡7,000石を与えて水野家を再興させた。
- Although Shogun Yoshimune TOKUGAWA sentenced Mizuno to confinement at Takafusa AKIMOTO's residence and kaieki, he did not let him commit seppuku and restored the Mizuno family by giving his relative Tadayoshi MIZUNO 7,000 koku in Saku District, Shinano Province.
- 家宣は大老格の柳沢吉保をはじめ側用人・松平忠周、松平輝貞ら前代の権臣を更迭したが、勘定奉行には他に適任者がいないということで引き続き荻原重秀が留任していた。
- Ienobu removed influential vassals in the previous government such as Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA, the chief minister as well as Terusada MATSUDAIRA, the lord chamberlain, but only Shigenobu OGIWARA, the commissioner of finance stayed in his position since no other person fitted the position.
- こうして護衛の注意を前方に引きつけておいたうえで、黒沢忠三郎(関鉄之介という説あり)が合図の拳銃を駕籠にめがけて発射し、本隊による駕籠への襲撃が開始された。
- With the guards at the front thus distracted, Chuzaburo KUROSAWA (possibly Tetsunosuke SEKI) fired a shot toward the palanquin which signalled the start of the main attack.
- 簡明な叙述であり、情熱的な文章であった為に広く愛読されたが、参考史料として軍記物語なども用いているため、歴史的事実に忠実であるとは言いがたい記事も散見する。
- Concise descriptions and enthusiastic sentences were very popular, however, it used those war chronicles and so on as reference historical materials and there are some articles found, which are hard to say to be true to the historical facts.
- 公認される限り十一人いた家康の男子で徳川姓を許されたのは、三男で世子の秀忠、及び御三家の祖となる九男徳川義直・十男徳川頼宣・十一男徳川頼房の4名にすぎない。
- Only 4 of Ieyasu's 11 officially recognized male heirs were allowed to take the surname 'Tokugawa': Hidetada (his 3rd son and successor), Yoshinao TOKUGAWA (his 9th son, and the forefather of one of the three main families), Yorinobu TOKUGAWA (his 10th son), and Yorifusa TOKUGAWA (his 11th son).
- 後陽成天皇の信任が厚く、しかも天海を通じて江戸幕府とも関係があった平田職忠はまさにその役目に適した人物であり、それが出納平田家の上昇にもつながったのである。
- Trusted by Emperor Goyozei and enjoying a relationship with the Edo shogunate through the Buddhist monk Tenkai, Mototada HIRATA was the right person to play the role, which led the rise of the Suino Hirata family.
- 絶海中津は義弘の忠節は隠れ無きものであり、世の噂を信じるべきではない、また満弘の子への恩賞がないのは上洛しないために行賞できないからだと重ねて上洛を促した。
- Chushin ZEKKAI responded by saying that he saw that Yoshihiro's loyalty was beyond question, and that one cannot trust the rumors the world produces he also reiterated his advice to go the capital, claiming that the reason no reward had been conferred on Mitsuhiro's son was that Yoshihiro had not obeyed the summons to Kyoto in the first place.
- 林忠正による印象派の紹介や、海外留学から帰った黒田清輝らの出展で、明治美術会や洋画家らは混乱しながらもヨーロッパの最新の絵画運動を取り入れ活発な活動を行った。
- The Meiji Art Society, Western-style painters, and their sympathizers were thrown into confusion by the counterforce, but they were active in introducing the newest movement in European painting, which is exemplified by Tadamasa HAYASHI's introduction of impressionists, and by the exhibition of paintings of Seiki KURODA and others who returned from study abroad.
- 特に、南北朝時代の南朝方武将楠木正成の忠誠心を朱舜水に示唆された(そもそも日本の正史にとって、北朝と南朝のどちらをとるのかは最大の選択「本朝の大事」だった)。
- SHU Shunsui indicated the idea of loyalty of KUSUNOKI Masashige, a military commander of the Nancho court during the Nanbokucho period (it was 'an important matter of Japan' whether one should side with the Nancho or with the Hokucho as for a historiography in Japan).
- 同年7月、浜松に帰還した家康は昌幸の造反を知ると八月に真田討伐を起こし、家臣の鳥居元忠、大久保忠世、平岩親吉ら約7000の兵を真田氏の本拠・上田城に派遣する。
- In July of that year, Ieyasu, who returned to Hamamatsu and got to know about the rebellion of Masayuki, started the subjugation of Sanada and sent an army about 7,000 strong including his vassals Mototada TORII, Tadayo OKUBO, and Chikayoshi HIRAIWA to the base of the Sanada clan, Ueda-jo Castle.
- その後も、大久保忠世ら諸将は小諸城に留まり真田勢と小競り合いを繰り返すも、11月には譜代の重臣石川数正が豊臣家に出奔する事態に至り、完全に撤退することになる。
- After that, warlords including Tadayo OKUBO stayed in Komoro-jo Castle and repeated skirmishes against Sanada's army, but in December, a senior fudai (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) Kazumasa ISHIKAWA ran away to the Toyotomi family, leading to a complete retreat.
- 寛永5年(1628年):目付豊島明重が、西の丸表御殿で縁談のもつれから老中井上正就に斬りつけ、正就と制止しようとした青木忠精を殺害し、その場で自害した豊島事件
- 1628: the Toshima incident, in which Inspector Akishige TOSHIMA attacked a member of the Shogun's council of elders, Masanari INOUE, in nishi no maru palace (a castle compound to the west of the main compound) with his sword due to complications caused by an offer of marriage and killed Masanari as well Tadakiyo AOKI who was trying to stop him and committed suicide.
- 当時の福知山藩主であった松平忠房 (島原藩主)が、1669年(寛文9年)の国替えによって島原藩(現在の島原市)に移り住んだのがきっかけとなり姉妹都市となった。
- The move by Tadafusa MATSUDAIRA (domain head of the Shimabara clan) who was the domain head of the Fukuchiyama clan at the time, to the Shimabara clan (present-day Shimabara City) in 1669, was the catalyst for Fukuchiyama establishing a sister city relationship with Shimabara City.
- かつての「康行の乱」では土岐氏庶流の多くが康行に付随したため、新たに美濃守護となった頼忠の土岐西池田氏は外様の国人である富島氏と斎藤氏を守護代として重用する。
- In 'Yasuyuki TOKI's rebellion', which occurred in the past, many branch families of the Toki clan sided with Yukiyasu, therefore, the Toki-Nishiikeda clan headed by Yoritada, who newly became Mino no Shugo, appointed the Tomishima clan and the Saito clan, which were local lord of Tozama (military clans who are not a member of the Shogun's family) as shugodai (deputy of Shugo).
- 応保2年(1162年)、甲斐守に任じられた藤原忠重は、国内に新設された荘園や加納田を停廃せよとの宣旨を受け、甲斐国に下向させる目代の中原清弘にその旨を命じた。
- In 1162, FUJIWARA no Tadashige, who was newly appointed to the provisional governor of Kai Province, got his deputy Kiyohiro NAKAHARA to go to Kai Province and ordered him to abolish the newly established shoen and kanoden based upon the Imperial decree ordering to do so.
- さらに、九州に残っていた梶原景時から頼朝へ、平氏追討の戦いの最中の義経の驕慢と専横を訴える書状が届き、義経が平時忠の娘を娶ったことも知らされ、頼朝を怒らせた。
- What's more, a letter then arrived from Kagetoki KAJIWARA, who had remained in Kyushu, to Yoritomo bringing formal complaint against Yoshitsune for his haughtiness and tyranny during the war to hunt down and destroy the Taira clan, and having been informed that Yoshitsune had also taken the daughter of TAIRA no Tokitada to be his wife, Yoritomo was angered still more.
- また企業や団体での類似の現象も院政と比喩されることがあるが、この場合は忠実な腹心や縁者を後継者として確定させることにより権力の更なる強化を図る意味合いが強い。
- Also, similar situations in companies or groups are sometimes described as insei, but in such cases the further strengthening of power is sought by deciding on a loyal right-hand man or a relative as one's successor.
- それまで都城を領していた北郷氏は北郷忠能が幼少であったことと、朝鮮出兵で軍役の不足があったこともあり、祁答院へ移され石高も6万9千石から3万7千石へ減らされた。
- The Hokugo clan originally held Miyakonojo, but since Tadayoshi HOKUGO was underage and there weren't enough soldiers for the invasion of Korea, the clan was transferred to Kedoin and the size of its territory was reduced to 37,000 from 69,000 koku.
- つまり織田家はすでに信長の直接指揮から外れているため、信長自らが巨大な兵力をもつことは組織としての弊害が大きいといえる(信忠が大兵力をもつのであれば問題ない)。
- In other words, the Oda clan was already not under Nobunaga's direct control, therefore, if Nobunaga himself had a huge military force, it would have had a harmful influence on the organization (It was acceptable that Nobutada had a large military force).
- 遂には近習、特に主君の寵童(少年愛近世相手を務める者のうち、特に主君の寵愛の深い者)出身者、重臣で殉死を願わないものは不忠者、臆病者とまで言われるようになった。
- People even went so far as to call an attendant, especially the master's chodo (a boy who stands high in the favor of his master among those who entertain pederasts) and the chief retainer who didn't wish to commit junshi an unfaithful follower and a coward.
- 範頼軍は平通盛、平忠度、平経俊、平清房、平清貞を、義経・安田義定軍は、平敦盛、平知章、平業盛、平盛俊、平経正、平師盛、平教経をそれぞれ討ち取ったと言われている。
- It is said that Noriyori's army killed TAIRA no Michimori, TAIRA no Tadanori, TAIRA no Tsunetoshi, TAIRA no Kiyofusa, and TAIRA no Kiyosada, and the armies of Yoshitsune and Yoshisada YASUDA killed TAIRA no Atsumori, TAIRA no Tomoakira, TAIRA no Narimori, TAIRA no Moritoshi, TAIRA no Tsunemasa, TAIRA no Moromori, and TAIRA no Noritsune.
- 江戸末期に老中首座となった水野忠邦は、天保の改革の一環として上知令(江戸城大阪城の十里四方を天領とする)を発令したため、周辺に領地を持つ大名から大きく非難された。
- As a part of the Tempo Reforms, Tadakuni MIZUNO, who became the head of Roju (senior councilors of the Tokugawa Shogunate) at the end of the Edo period, issued Agechi-rei (confiscation command of territory) to turn the area within a radius of 10 ri (one 'ri' is about 3.927km) from the Edo and Osaka Castle into tenryo, and daimyo lords having territories around these castles criticized him severely.
- c(1403年)に細川慈忠が守護代として入国した際には村上氏や大井氏、井上氏らが従わず段の原や生仁城で戦ったものの敗走し、翌年12月には高梨朝秀とも合戦となった。
- When Shigetada HOSOKAWA entered the province as a local governor in 1403, the Murakami clan, the Oi clan and the Inoue clan did not obey him, so that Shigetada fought them at Dannohara or Namani-jo Castle but ultimately took flight, and then fought Tomohide TAKANASHI in January, 1405.
- もともと、斉昭の藩主就任以来、水戸藩では斉昭に忠実な天狗党と幕府との関係を重視する諸生党の対立が激しかったが、密勅の対応をめぐり、さらに確執を深めることとなった。
- Originally, since Nariaki TOKUGAWA had assumed the lord of the domain, the Tenguto (the Tengu faction) who were royal to Nariaki had been in fierce conflict with the Shoseito (the Shosei faction) who emphasized the relationship with the bakufu, and the feud between them were intencified over how to handle this mitchoku.
- 「戊午」は下賜された安政5年の干支が戊午(つちのえ・うま)であったことに由来し、「密勅」とは正式な手続(関白九条尚忠の裁可)を経ないままの下賜であったことによる。
- 'Bogo' is derived from Bogo (also called tsuchinoe, uma), the zodiac sign of that year when the chokusho was given, and 'mitchoku' or a secret Imperial command means that the document was given without going through the official procedure which required to obtain approbation from Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), Hisatada KUJO.
- 戦国時代 (日本)の平田職盛・平田職定の日記が残闕は存在しているものの、現存するまとまった形式の日記としては平田職忠が書いた天正11年(1588年)の日記となる。
- Fragments of the diaries of Motomori and Motosada HIRATA during the Sengoku Period exist, but only the diary of Mototada HIRATA of 1588 remains in complete form.
- 撰者未詳の図書寮本『類聚名義抄』(1100年頃)と、橘忠兼の『色葉字類抄』(2巻本1163年-1165年頃成立、3巻本1182年-1184年頃成立)がそれである。
- 'Ruiju Myogi sho' (Japanese-Chinese character dictionary from the late Heian Period), Zushoryo version whose compiler is unknown, (completed around 1000), 'Irohajirui sho' (one of Japanese dictionaries in the Heian period) (色葉字類抄) by TACHIBANA no Tadakane (the version constituted of two volumes; completed around 1163-1165), (the version constituted of three volumes; completed around 1182-1184) were newly created.
- 荒木村重の逃亡はしばらくは伏せられていたが、織田信長の間者に知られるところとなり、同年9月12日に有岡城の攻城軍の半数を、織田信忠が総大将として尼崎城へ向かわした。
- Murashige ARAKI's escape was kept secret for a while, but it was found by a spy of Nobunaga ODA and, on October 12, 1579, a half of the troops around Arioka-jo Castle was sent to Amagasaki-jo Castle with Nobutada ODA as the commander in chief.
- 豊臣秀吉の死後、朝鮮から帰国した忠恒に石田三成もしくは徳川家康が伊集院忠棟に叛意があることを伝えたという日州庄内軍記の記述があるが、それを裏付ける同時代史料はない。
- According to Nisshu Shonai Gunki, there is an entry stating that Mitsunari ISHIDA or Ieyasu TOKUGAWA told Tadatsune, who had returned from Korea after the death of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, that Tadamune IJUIN was thinking of rebellion, but there is no other historical evidence of the same era to prove it.
- 松平忠直は、大坂城一番乗りの褒賞が大坂城や新しい領地でもなく「初花肩衝」と従三位参議左近衛権中将への昇進のみであったことを不満としており、後に乱行の末改易となった。
- Tadanao MATSUDAIRA, who made the first invasion into Osaka Castle, was dissatisfied with the incensive award for his achievement, which was neither Osaka Castle nor a new territory, but only 'Hatsuhana-katatsuki' and a promotion to Jusanmi Sangi (councillor in the Junior Third Rank) Sakone gon no chujo: In later years his dissatisfaction led him to kaieki after committing misconduct.
- 『礒貝富森両人覚書』によると、吉田忠左衛門や間十次郎らが、台所横の炭小屋からヒソヒソ声がするのを聞いたため、中へ入ろうとすると、中から皿鉢や炭などが投げつけられた。
- 'Isogai Tomimori Ryonin Oboegaki' describes that big bowls and charcoals were thrown at Chuzaemon YOSHIDA and Jujiro HAZAMA when they tried to go inside the charcoal hut next to the kitchen as they heard someone whispering,
- 元赤穂藩士たち、およびその子孫は町人からさえ「義挙に加わらなんだ不忠者」と蔑まれ、味噌、醤油さえ売ってもらえず、出自を隠して変名を名乗るほかなかったとも伝えられる。
- The former Ako retainers and their descendants were labeled as 'unfaithful retainers who did not participate in the heroic deed' and were looked down upon even from commoners, and they had to hide their place of birth and change their names because they were unable to buy even miso or soy sauce.
- 本能寺の変後の清洲会議において、信忠の遺子である三法師(織田秀信)が織田家の後継者として担ぎ出され、織田家及び天下の実権はその後見役におさまった豊臣秀吉に移行する。
- At the Kiyosu conference, Sanboshi (Hidenobu ODA) who was an orphan of Nobutada was nominated as a successor of the Oda clan and the real power of the Oda clan and the realm were transferred to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who became a conservator.
- 天保の改革で水野忠邦は株仲間による流通の独占がインフレーションの原因であるとして、1841年-1842年に掛け、冥加金の上納を停止させ、株仲間の大半の解散を命じた。
- In the Tenpo Reforms, Tadakuni MIZUNO ordered to stop the payment of render from 1841 through 1842 and dissolve most kabunakama, saying that the monopoly of the distribution system by kabunakama was the cause of inflation.
- 永徳元年(1384年)に後円融天皇が三条公忠に充てた書簡の中で「執奏之下、無沙汰者、可為公家御咎也」と記し、武家執奏に従わないことは公家の咎になる現状を嘆いている。
- In his letter to Kimitada SANJO in 1384, Emperor Goenyu wrote '執奏之下,無沙汰者,可為公家御咎也' and lamented the situation that not to obey the bukeshisso led to court nobles' sin.
- 信繁を討った松平忠直隊鉄砲組頭西尾宗次は信繁を討ったときを誇張して報告した為に、家康は宗次の「信繁を討ち取った」という報告を真に受けようとしなかったとも言われている。
- Munetsugu NISHIO, the captain of the Tadanao MATSUDAIRA gun unit reported the scene when he killed Shigonobu so exaggeratedly that Ieyasu is said not to have taken Munetsugu's report that he killed Shigenobu to be true.
- 敗戦後、関係資料が発見され、暗殺計画にいくらかでも関与・同調したとされているのは、宮下太吉、菅野スガ、森近運平、新村忠雄、古河力作の5名にすぎなかったことが判明した。
- After World War II, materials related to the assassination plot of the Emperor were discovered, revealing that the number of people actually involved in the plot were only five, Takichi MIYASHIA, Suga KANNO, Unpei MORICHIKA, Tadao NIIMURA and Rikisaku FURUKAWA.
- その為、居住国国民であり、居住国に忠誠を誓っている事を示す目的で、一世や二世である親がわざと日本語を教えなかったり、日本文化を継承させない環境で育った世代が存在する。
- Some generations were not made by their parents to inherit Japanese culture because their parents, who were first or second generations, chose not to teach their children Japanese in order to show allegiance to their country of residence.
- 討幕計画に関与した公家の多くが処刑されており、本来であれば忠信も死罪は免れない状況ではあったが、亡き将軍実朝の義兄にあたることから罪一等を減じて流罪とされたのである。
- Most of the noblemen who were involved in the plot to strike down the shogunate were executed, and by all rights Tadanobu could hardly have hoped to escape execution either, but because he was the brother-in-law of the slain Shogun Sanetomo, his crime was reduced from the highest and worst degree and his punishment downgraded to banishment.
- 慶長2年(1597年)の作戦目標は全羅道及び忠清道を成敗することで、目標の達成後は城塞(倭城)を築城し、城の在番担当を定め、それ以外の軍は帰国する計画が定められていた。
- In 1597, the aim of the campaign was to demolish Jeolla-do and Chungcheo-do, and after attaining that objective the plan was to build fortresses (Japanese castles) and choose residents for them, whereupon the rest of the army would return to Japan.
- しかし、いずれも効果は薄く、特に上知令は幕府財政の安定と国防の充実との両方を狙う意欲的な政策であったが、社会各層からの猛反対を浴びて頓挫し、忠邦もわずか3年で失脚した。
- However, none of these policies worked well, least of all Land Requisition Orders, which was an ambitious policy aimed at both the financial stabilization and the reinforcement of the national defense, but fierce opposition from every social class threw back them and Tadakuni was overthrown in only three years.
- また小早川隆景は忠清道方面から全羅道に侵入したが権慄の反撃によって進撃を阻まれ、直後に南下する明軍の攻撃に対応するために漢城へ転出したため、全羅道の制圧は進まなかった。
- Takakage KOBAYAKAWA invaded Jeolla Province from Chungcheong Province, but his advance was blocked off by a counterattack by Gwon Yul and, as he moved out immediately after that to Hancheng in order to cope with attack by the Ming army that moved down to the south, the attempt at conquering Jeolla Province did not progress.
- (皮肉にも徳川家康も征夷大将軍位の徳川氏世襲と秀吉の遺児・秀頼への政権返上の意思が無い事を示すために息子徳川秀忠に将軍を継がせて自らは大御所として政権を運営している。)
- (Ironically, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA transferred the position of 'Seii taishogun' to his son, Hidetada TOKUGAWA and was in charge of politics as 'Ogosho' (a leading figure) in order to show that the Tokugawa clan would inherit the position of 'Seii taishogun' and he would not return the political administration to Hideyori, Hideyoshi's bereaved son.)
- この戦いで、美濃国で行われた関ヶ原での決戦に秀忠軍を遅参させることに成功したが、肝心の関ヶ原では西軍の敗北に終わり、西軍に与した昌幸と信繁は戦後処理で死罪を命じられた。
- In this battle, Masayuki succeeded to cause Hidetada's army to be late for the Battle of Sekigahara in Mino Province, but in the battle of Sekigahara itself, the West Camp was defeated, and Masayuki and Nobushige who were on the Western Camp's side were sentenced to death.
- 山を1つ隔てた場所に存在する甲賀流と異なる点は甲賀忍者が1人の主君に忠義を尽くすのに対し、伊賀忍者は金銭による契約以上の関わりを雇い主との間に持たない点であるとされる。
- The different point from Koka school which was located in the other area parted by a mountain was for Koka Ninja to dedicate their loyalty to a single lord, while Iga Ninja had no relationship with their employer other than the financial contract made with him.
- 大覚寺統は邦良の早世と後醍醐の謀反とで壊滅状態にあり、持明院統が皇位を独占することも不可能ではなかったが、後伏見は幕府の意向もあって両統迭立の原則にあくまで忠実だった。
- Although it was not impossible for the Jimyoin line to monopolize the throne since the Daikakuji line was in a devastated state with Kuniyoshi's early death and Godaigo's rebellion, Gofushimi was true to the principle of Ryoto tetsuritsu in accord with the bakufu's wishes.
- 上方勢は秀吉自身を総大将、秀長と秀次を副将として、その下に細川忠興・蒲生賦秀・中川秀政・増田長盛・筒井定次・宇喜多秀家・長谷川秀一・蜂須賀正勝・前野長康などの編成だった。
- The Kamigata army consisted of the supreme commander Hideyoshi, the vice commanders Hidenaga and Hidetsugu, and Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, Masuhide GAMO (the former name of Ujisato GAMO), Hidemasa NAKAGAWA, Nagamori MASUDA, Sadatsugu TSUTSUI, Hideie UKITA, Shuichi HASEGAWA, Masakatsu HACHISUKA, Nagayasu MAENO and so on.
- 二刀流の使い手として藩外にも知られていた河西忠左衛門だけは冷静に合羽を脱ぎ捨てて柄袋を外し、襷をかけて刀を抜き、駕籠脇を守って稲田重蔵を倒すなど襲撃者たちをてこずらせた。
- Only the famous two-sword style fighter, Chuzaemon KASAI, was able to calmly remove his outer coat and sheath cover and release his sword using a cord; he fought hard to protect the palanquin, killing Jyuzo INADA in the process.
- 一方、外科の第一人者である栗崎道有によって傷口を数針縫いあわせ、軽傷ですんだ吉良上野介は、目付の大久保忠鎮、久留正清らから尋問を受けたが、「拙者は恨みを受ける覚えは無い。
- Meanwhile, after his wounds were stitched up by the leading doctor in surgical department Dou KURISAKI, Kira Kozuke no Suke was also questioned by the bakufu's inspectors Tadashige OKUBO and Masakiyo KUME and said 'I do not remember doing anything to upset Takumi no Kami.
- 6日に泰時、時房の率いる主力の東海道軍10万騎が尾張川を渡河し墨俣の陣に攻めかかった時にはもぬけの殻、山田重忠のみが杭瀬川で奮戦するが、京方は総崩れになり、大敗を喫した。
- On the sixth day, the main shogunal force, 100,000 riders advancing up the Tokaido under the command of Yasutoki and Tokifusa, crossed Owari river; when they attacked the enemy encampment at Sunomata, they found it completely empty, and only Shigetada YAMADA offered any fierce resistance at Kuise river, making the engagement a complete rout for the capital faction, who had been dealt a crushing defeat.
- これは天下にはもはや豊臣家ではなく徳川家が君臨することを示すものであるが、秀頼も順調に昇任を重ね、将軍就任時の秀忠の官位が内大臣であったのに対し、秀頼は右大臣になっていた。
- It meant that the Toyotomi Family no longer ruled Japan, but the Tokugawa Family did, however, Hideyori also steadily kept rising in official court rank to be Udaijin (minister of the right), while Hidetada was Naidaijin (minister of the center) when he became Shogun.
- 8月1日、北条方となった諏訪頼忠高島城を攻城していた酒井忠次ら3,000は北条の大軍が来るとの報に甲斐に向けて後退し、北条は佐久経由で北条氏直率いる43,000が追撃した。
- On August 28, having learned that a great army of Hojo was coming, 3,000 soldiers led by Tadatsugu SAKAI, who were attacking Takashima-jo Castle of Yoritada SUWA on Hojo's side, backed away, and 43,000 soldiers led by Ujinao HOJO chased them via Saku.
- 年末からは脱盟者も出始め、同志の1人萱野三平は父の萱野七郎左衛門と浅野家への忠孝の間で苦悩して自害、橋本平左衛門も遊女はつと恋仲となり、忠義を捨てて彼女と心中してしまった。
- Some people started leaving the domain toward the end of the year, and one of the comrades Sanpei KAYANO committed suicide due to the struggle between her father Shichirozaemon KAYANO and his loyalty to the Asano clan, and Heizaemon HASHIMOTO also committed suicide when he became romantically involved with a prostitute named Hatsu and deserted his loyalty.
- その他に弾正忠を称した武将としては戦国きっての梟雄・松永久秀や武田氏家臣の三弾正こと高坂昌信(逃げ弾正)、真田幸隆(攻め弾正)、保科正俊(槍弾正) などが特に知られている。
- In addition to Nobunaga, the well-known busho (Japanese military commander) who called themselves danjo no chu are Hidehisa MATSUNAGA who was one of the most fierce warriors in Sengoku period (period of warring states) and the three danjo in the vassals of Takeda clan: Masanobu KOSAKA (the nige [fleeing] danjo), Yukitaka SANADA (the seme [offensive] danjo) and Masatoshi HOSHINA (the yari [spear] danjo).
- 横浜港鎖港督促の沙汰が10月13日(旧暦9月1日 (旧暦))には慶喜に対して、10月26日(旧暦9月14日 (旧暦))には朝廷に参内した首席老中酒井忠績に対して行なわれる。
- An demand notice to exclude foreign ships from the Yokohama port was made to Yoshinobu on October 13, and the same was made to the chief roju Tadashige Sakai who visited the Imperial Court on October 26.
- 実際に今川範政は朝廷から征夷副将軍に任じられ、その子今川範忠は永享の乱の戦功によって室町将軍家から彼とその子孫以外の今川姓の使用を禁じるとする「天下一苗字」の待遇を受けた。
- In fact, Norimasa IMAGAWA was appointed to Seii fukushogun by the Imperial Court, his son Noritada IMAGAWA got preferential treatment called 'one family name in the country' from the Muromachi shogunate family so that only he and his descendents were allowed to use the family name of Imagawa.
- さらに、国民は愛国心を持つべきであるから『君が代』を歌うことでその意識を高めなければならないとする主張や、天皇への忠誠心を涵養する目的をはっきり表明する尊王的な意見もある。
- In addition, there is an assertion that, since people must have patriotism, they must enhance awareness by singing 'Kimigayo,' and there is also a loyalist-like opinion that expresses clearly the objective to cultivate loyalty to the emperor.
- 検非違使別当・平時忠の「要求を聞き入れるなら速やかに受諾し、聞き入れないのなら武士を派遣して大衆を追い払うべきだ」という進言により、夜に入って法住寺殿で公卿議定が開かれた。
- After the proposal of Kebiishi no betto (Superintendent of the Imperial Police) TAIRA no Tokitada, 'if the claim is accepted, accept it promptly, otherwise send samurai to expel the daishu,' Kugyo-gijo (meeting to form decisions by nobles) was held in the Hojuji-dono Palace at night.
- 『公卿補任』では、義昭が関白豊臣秀吉に従って参内して、秀吉への忠誠を誓って准三宮の待遇を受けた天正16年1月13日_(旧暦)(1588年2月9日)までを将軍扱いとしている。
- 'Kugyo-Bunin' treated Yoshiaki as a Shogun until February 9 1588, when he followed Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, chief adviser to the Emperor, and visited the Imperial Palace, vowed loyalty to Hideyoshi and was granted status as Ju-sangu.
- また、国立民族学博物館へと活躍の場を移した梅棹忠夫(生態学→民族学・人類学)や、国際日本文化研究センターの設立に尽力した梅原猛(哲学)らも、この京大人文研の京都学派に含める。
- Moreover, Tadao UMESAO who moved the stage to the National Museum Ethnology (ecology to ethnology and anthropology), Takeshi UMEHARA (philosophy) who made an effort to establish an International Research Center for Japanese Studies, and others are also included in this Kyoto school.
- 『忠臣蔵』などの芝居に由来する通説では、院使饗応役の伊達左京亮が黄金100枚、狩野探幽の絵などを吉良上野介へ進物をしたのに対して、潔癖な浅野内匠頭は鰹節2本しか贈らなかった。
- According to a popular theory originated in the play 'Chushingura,' Sakyonosuke DATE, who was in charge of attending to Inshi (a messenger from the Retired Emperor), sent 100 pieces of gold and Tanyu KANO's paintings to Kira Kozuke no Suke, whereas he sent two dried bonito to Asano Takumi no Kami, since he was known to be scrupulous.
- 玄蕃の名は自らの「玄」と「蕃」の字の組み合わせ、「俵」は槍で米俵も突き上げるという意味、さらに「星」の字は仮名手本忠臣蔵の主人公大星由良助(大石内蔵助がモデル)の「星」の字。
- The name Genba (玄蕃) came to exist by combining the characters '玄' and '蕃,' and '俵,' had a meaning of being able to thrust a bag of rice up with a spear, and '星' came from the name of the main character in Kanadehon Chushingura, Yuranosuke OBOSHI (大星由良助) (Kuranosuke OISHI being the model).
- また、君主や家長に対する忠義の遵守すること、集団で謀議を計ることや、許された宗教以外(邪宗門、はっきり言えばキリシタン)の禁止など、江戸幕府の政策を継承する内容となっている。
- It also inherited the policy of Edo bakufu, including the observance of the loyality to the lord and patriarch and the prohibition of the conspiracy or unrecognized religions (sects, to be specific, Christianity).
- 慶長20年7月17日 (旧暦)(1615年9月9日)、二条城において大御所(前将軍)・徳川家康、征夷大将軍(二代)・徳川秀忠、前関白・二条昭実の3名の連署をもって公布された。
- On September 9, 1615, the law was promulgated over the joint signature of the three persons of the retired shogun Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, the second shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA, and the former chief adviser to the emperor Akizane NIJO.
- 綱吉が切腹を急いだのは、勅使や院使たちに対して自らの天皇への忠誠心をアピールして、母である桂昌院最大の念願である従一位叙任を取り消されないようにするためだったといわれている。
- It is thought that the reason Tsunayoshi rushed Asano's seppuku was to show the Imperial messengers and Inshi his loyalty to the emperor and thus not to cancel out his mother's, Keishoin's, long-desired Juichii (Junior First Rank).
- その時期は関東においては平忠常の乱が終わり、そこでの「亡国」といわれるほどの焦土戦による荒廃から、復興・再開発が始められた段階、つまり11世紀後半から12世紀初頭に相当する。
- That period ranged from late eleventh to the early twelfth century when the Revolt of TAIRA no Tadatsune ended in the Kanto region, and when reconstruction and reestablishment started from the ruins of what was called almost a 'dead province.'
- 現在の兵庫県神戸市中央区 (神戸市)には、楠木正成・正季兄弟終焉の地として正成ら楠木一族を祭神に祀った湊川神社があり、徳川光圀自筆の「嗚呼忠臣楠子之墓」の石碑などが存在する。
- In modern day Chuo Ward, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture, Minatogawa-jinja Shrine enshrining Masashige and the KUSUNOKI family stands on the place in which the brothers Masashige and Masasue KUSUNOKI died, and there are stone monuments such as 'A Shushin Nanshi no Haka' (the grave of loyal subject Nanshi) written by Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA himself.
- しかしながら、「父信長だけでなく兄信忠も死んだ事を知った信孝が、予想される織田氏の家督争いの有力者の一人になる可能性のある信澄を言いがかりをつけて殺害した」とする見方もある。
- However, there is a view that advocates 'Nobutaka, who knew that not only his father, Nobunaga, but also his elder brother, Nobutada, were killed, killed Nobusumi who might become a candidate for the family head of the Oda clan, by making a false charge.'
- この一揆には田尻但馬、伊集院元巣、桂忠詮、東郷甚右衛門といった島津家臣が参加し、それぞれの手勢に農民や町人が加わった反乱軍の人数は七百人であったとも二千人であったともいわれる。
- Other vassals of the Shimazu clan, such as Tashima TAJIRI, Genso IJUIN, Tadanori KATSURA, and Jinuemon TOGO and their followers also joined the uprising, and the number of the rebel group was said to have been 700, while a different source records 2,000, which included peasants and townsmen.
- 1896年7月、開化派の流れを汲む人たちが朝鮮の自主独立、法治主義の確立、新教育の振興、農業の改良、工業の育成、愛国心、君主への忠誠心の培養を訴え李完用らが独立協会を設立した。
- In July 1896, the people following Kaika group called for the independence of Korea, establishment of legalism, promotion of new education, improvement of agriculture, encouragement of industry and raising of patriotism and loyalty to monarch, and Lee, Wan-yong and others founded the Independence Club.
- 藩論の再転換により、既定の降伏条件を履行しない長州藩へのいらだちは高まり、老中小笠原長行(唐津藩世子)・勘定奉行小栗忠順ら強硬派による長州再征論が浮上し、将軍家茂は再度上洛する。
- Due to this reconversion, the bakufu got increasingly frustrated with Choshu, which didn't perform the duties agreed as conditions to surrender, and Shogun Iemochi again visited Kyoto on the back of insistence from hardliners such as roju Nagayuki OGASAWARA (heir to Karatsu clan) and Tadamasa OGURI, kanjo bugyo (commissioner of financeof the bakufu), to discuss the conquering of Choshu.
- 鳥羽天皇の信任の厚かった平忠盛は、後院領荘園(天皇の隠居所の所領)であった肥前国神埼荘の知行を通じて日宋貿易を開始し、舶来品を院に進呈して院の近臣としてみとめられるようになった。
- TAIRA no Tadamori, who was confided in by Emperor Toba, began the trade between Japan and Sung Dynasty in China through chigyo (enfeoffment) of Kanzaki-no-sho in Bizen Province, which was Goin Palace's manor (territory of Emperor's retreat), and came to be admitted as In no Kinshin (the retired Emperor's courtier) by presenting imported goods.
- なお、坊門忠信は坊門家庶家の水無瀬信成を養子としたが、信成の子孫からは水無瀬家・七条家・町尻家・桜井家・山井家の5家が堂上家に列し、明治にはいずれも華族となって子爵を授けられた。
- Yet Tadanobu BOMON did adopt Nobunari MINASE of the Minase branch of the Bomon family; Nobunari's descendants split into five different Tosho (high nobility) families, the Minase, the Shichijo, the Machijiri, the Sakurai, and the Yamai, all of which became Kazoku (peers) in the Meiji period, while the head of each family was then given the rank of Viscount.
- 忠真は元和 (日本)3年(1617年)に播磨国明石藩(現在の兵庫県明石市)10万石に転封となり、寛永9年(1632年)に豊前国小倉藩(現在の福岡県北九州市)15万石に転封となる。
- Tadazana was relocated to the Akashi Domain, Harima Province (presently Akashi City, Hyogo Prefecture) holding 100,000 koku in 1617 and in 1632 he was relocated to the Kokura Domain, Buzen Province (presently Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture) holding 150,000 koku.
- 先月23日より伊奈忠政・福島忠勝・毛利秀就・角倉素庵に命じて建設していた淀川の流れを尼崎市に流す長柄橋がこの日竣工し、大和川がある為干上がる事はなかったが川の深さは膝下まで下がる。
- On the same day Nagara Bridge, which Ieyasu orderd Tadamasa INA/, Tadakatsu FUKUSHIMA/Hidenari MORI/Soan SUMIKURA to build in order to switch the flow of Yodo River to Amagasaki City, was completed: although Yodo River did not dry up because of Yamato River, it went down below knee deep.
- 小山田庄左衛門の父小山田一閃は、息子が同志片岡源五右衛門から金を奪って逃げだしたことを恥じて自害しており、また岡林直之も兄の旗本松平忠郷から義挙への不参加を責められ切腹させられた。
- Shozaemon OYAMADA's father, Issen OYAMADA, committed suicide as he was ashamed of his son who ran away after stealing money from his comrade Gengoemon KATAOKA, and Naoyuki OKABAYASHI was ordered to commit seppuku by his older brother, hatamoto Tadasato MATSUDAIRA, due to nonparticipation in the heroic deed.
- 徳川軍は苦戦しつつも正面突破を強行した本多忠勝や、迂回して朝倉勢を横撃した榊原康政の2将が率いる徳川旗本精鋭隊が加わり、徳川家康の本隊がこれに加わったことで遂に朝倉軍は敗れ去った。
- Tokugawa's hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu) elite troops led by two leaders, Tadakatsu HONDA, who burst through head-on forcibly while having a tough time, and Yasumasa SAKAKIBARA, who went the way around to attack Asakura forces from the side, joined Tokugawa troops, and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's main force followed them, which caused Asakura forces to lose out at last.
- 北条時宗は鎌倉の龍ノ口刑場(江ノ島付近)で杜世忠以下5名を斬首に処した(これは、使者が日本の国情を詳細に記録・偵察した、間諜(スパイ)としての性質を強く帯びていたためと言われる)。
- Tokimune HOJO executed Shizhong DU and other four men at Tatsunokuchi Execution Site (near Eno-shima Island) (it is said to have been because the envoys were mostly spies in nature, recording and investigating the conditions of Japan in detail).
- 1603年に家康は征夷大将軍に就任して江戸幕府を開き、1605年には将軍職を子の徳川秀忠に譲って徳川政権の正統性を確立していき、豊臣宗家は全国政権の座から完全に滑り落ちてしまった。
- In 1603, he became the seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and established the Edo bakufu (feudal government headed by Ieyasu), and in 1605, he passed over the shogunate to his son Hidetada TOKUGAWA in order to secure the legitimacy of the Tokugawa Administration, and consequently, the head family of Toyotomi completely lost its authority over the country.
- 備後国の鞆の浦にいた足利義昭(実質的には毛利氏)に頼り朝倉家を再興しようと奔走した朝倉宮増丸、及び家督後継者と擬せられていた朝倉景忠がいるが、中国戦線の悪化により不成功に終わった。
- There was Miyamasumaru (宮増丸) ASAKURA, who scrambled to restore the Asakura family depending on Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA (in reality depending on the Mori clan) who was stationed at Tomonoura in Bingo Province, as well as Kagetada ASAKURA, who was falsely presumed to be the successor of the family reign, although their attempt was failed due to the deteriorated war situation against China.
- 応仁の乱では足軽集団が奇襲戦力として利用されたが、足軽は忠誠心に乏しく無秩序でしばしば暴徒化し、多くの社寺、商店等が軒を連ねる京都に跋扈し暴行・略奪をほしいままにすることもあった。
- During the Onin War, ashigaru groups were used in surprise attacks but their lack of loyalty and their disorder meant that they frequently formed unruly mobs, and there was an incident in which they ran riot and looted Kyoto with its numerous shrines, temples and shops.
- 同志に弟の鈴木三樹三郎、篠原泰之進、藤堂平助、服部武雄、毛内有之助、富山弥兵衛、阿部十郎、内海次郎、加納鷲雄、中西昇、橋本皆助、清原清、新井忠雄、斎藤一(斎藤は新選組の間諜とも)。
- His comrades included his younger brother Mikisaburo SUZUKI, Tainoshin SHINOHARA, Heisuke TODO, Takeo HATTORI, Arinosuke MONAI, Yahei TOYAMA, Juro ABE, Jiro UTSUMI, Washio KANO, Noboru NAKANISHI, Kaisuke HASHIMOTO, Kiyoshi KIYOHARA, Tadao ARAI, Hajime SAITO (SAITO was allegedly a spy for Shinsengumi).
- 徳川家康 - いわゆる神君伊賀越えを経て岡崎城から光秀討伐に向かったが、緑区 (名古屋市)(一説に熱田区。酒井忠次は北伊勢まで進出していた)に到達したところで合戦の情報が入り反転。
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA: He left his Okazaki-jo Castle to join the battle against Mitsuhide by way of so-called Shinkun Iga-goe (literary 'Divine lord going over Iga'), but when he reached the area of today's Midori Ward (Nagoya City) (or Atsuta Ward according to some other historians; Tadatsugu SAKAI had advanced as far as to Kita Ise (North Ise)), he learned of the battle and reversed the direction of his expedition.
- 松平忠明、本多忠政、本多康紀を普請奉行とし、家康の名代である本多正純、成瀬正成、安藤直次の下、攻囲軍や地元の住民を動員して突貫工事で外堀を埋めた後に、一月より二の丸も埋め立て始めた。
- Under myodai (substitutes for Ieyasu) including Masazumi HONDA, Masanari NARUSE and Natsugu ANDO with Fushin Bugyo (Ministrs of Engineering and Construction) including Tadaakira MATSUDAIRA, Tadamasa HONDA and Yasunori HONDA, the reclamation of the outer moat of the castle was rushed by the besieging army and local residents and then the reclamation of Ninomaru was begun in January.
- 勘定奉行の小栗忠順は幕府が慶應元年(1865年)に横須賀製鉄所の建設を計画した際、その建設費をこの二分判による改鋳利益で賄おうと企てたため、小栗二分金(おぐりにぶきん)とも言われた。
- When Kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance) Tadamasa OGURI planed construction of Yokosuka Iron Factory, he tried to cover the cost by the profit of recasting nibuban, therefore it was also called Oguri nibukin.
- いっぽう、薩摩藩の大久保・西郷らは、洛北に隠棲中だった岩倉具視と工作し、中山忠能(明治天皇の外祖父)・中御門経之・正親町三条実愛らによって10月14日に討幕の密勅が出されるにいたる。
- Meanwhile, Okubo and Saigo of Satsuma worked with Tomomi IWAKURA, who secretly stayed in the Rakuhoku area of Kyoto, in order to receive a secret imperial command to attack the bakufu on October 14, from Tadayasu NAKAYAMA (maternal grandfather of the Emperor Meiji), Tsuneyuki NAKAMIKADO, Sanenaru OGIMACHISANJO, and others.
- 1月24日に幸徳秋水、森近運平、宮下太吉、新村忠雄、古河力作、奥宮健之、大石誠之助、成石平四郎、松尾卯一太、新見卯一郎、内山愚童ら11名が、1月25日に1名(菅野スガ)が処刑された。
- 11 people, Shusui KOTOKU, Unpei MORICHIKA, Takichi MIYASHITA, Tadao NIIMURA, Rikisaku FURUKAWA, Kenshi OKUNOMIYA, Seinosuke OISHI, Heishiro NARUISHI, Uitta MATSUO, Uichiro NIIMI and Gudo UCHIYAMA, were executed on January 24, and another one (Suga KANNO) on January 25.
- 水野忠恒 (大名)(松本藩主7万石)が扇子を取りに部屋に戻ったところ、毛利師就(長府藩主5万7,000石)が拾ってくれたが、そのとき毛利は「そこもとの扇子ここにござる」と薄く笑った。
- When Tadatsune MIZUNO (feudal lord) (the lord of Matsumoto Domain with 70,000 koku) went back to his room to get a folding fan, Morotaka MORI (the lord of Chofu Domain with 57,000 koku) picked it up for him by giving him a faint smile and said 'sokomoto's (casual way of saying you) fan is right here.'
- 田沼時代の1774年には、杉田玄白・前野良沢らがオランダの医学書の『ターヘル・アナトミア』を訳して『解体新書』として刊行、志筑忠雄はニュートン力学を研究し、『暦象新書』として訳した。
- In 1774 during Tanuma period (when Okitsugu TANUMA led the bakufu), Genpaku SUGITA, Ryotaku MAENO and others translated a Dutch medical textbook, 'Ontleedkundige Tafelen' into Japanese and published as 'Kaitai Shinsho' (New Book of Anatomy), and Tadao SHIZUKI studied Newtonian mechanics and published the translation, 'Rekisho Shinsho' (New Writings on Calendrical Phenomena).
- 後南朝は、嘉吉の乱で滅亡した赤松氏の再興を目指す赤松遺臣によって、1457年(長禄元年)に南朝後裔の自天王・忠義王なる兄弟が殺害され、神璽が奪還されることによって、実質的に滅亡した。
- But in 1457, the gonancho forces were essentially ruined when they were betrayed by the surviving retainers of the AKAMATSU clan, who were seeking to restore the clan after their annihilation in the Kakitsu rebellion; the Southern Court descendants, the brothers Jitenno and Chugio, were assassinated, and the Grand Jewels were restolen.
- 後醍醐天皇の忠臣であった多田頼貞は、建武の新政で摂津能勢郷の目代となり足利尊氏離反後には南朝方として各地を転戦したが劣勢により備前国で自害し、その子能勢頼仲の代で尊氏に仕えたとされる。
- Yorisada TADA, a loyal subject to Emperor Godaigo became mokudai (deputy provincial governor) in Settsu Nose village and after Takauji ASHIKAGA's estrangement, he moved from place to place to fight on the side of the Southern Court, but killed himself in Bizen Province when his army was in an inferior position, and after that, his son Yorinaka NOSE served Takauji.
- 永正4年(1507年)6月23日、修験道にとりつかれ、度々奇行のあった細川政元は、魔法を修する準備として邸内の湯屋に入ったところ、澄之を擁する内衆の薬師寺長忠・香西元長らに殺害された。
- On August 11, 1507, when Masamoto, who often behaved peculiarly and was obsessed with Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism that incorporated Shinto and Buddhist concepts) went into the bathhouse on his premises in preparation for acquiring magic, he was assassinated by the uchishu members Nagatada YAKUSHIJI and Motonaga KOZAI, who supported Sumiyuki.
- 武家では楠木正成・名和長年(伯耆守)・結城親光(3名と千種忠顕とを合わせて「三木一草」という)、さらに真言宗密教の僧である文観や円観などの非・公家の人材も積極的に登用する人事であった。
- Among the warrior clans, notable were Masanari KUSUNOKI, Nagatoshi NAWA (Protector of Hoki), and Chikamitsu YUKI (these three, with Tadaaki CHIGUSA, were called 'the three trees (ki) and one grass (kusa)'); moreover, other talented men, both noble and non-noble, including the esoteric monks Monkan and Enkan of the Shingon sect, actively served in the government as well.
- 薩摩藩では、島津斉彬が死んだ後、後を継いだ藩主島津忠義の父である島津久光が長州藩を牽制すべく公武合体運動を展開し、藩内の攘夷派を粛清(寺田屋事件)し、幕府に改革を要求した(文久の改革)。
- In Satsuma Domain after the death of Nariakira SHIMAZU, Hisamitsu SHIMAZU, a father of the feudal lord Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, advocated the union of the Imperial Court and the shogunate and purged the exclusionist party against foreigners (the Teradaya Incident), while requested the shogunate government to carry out reforms (Bunkyu Reforms).
- 明良洪範では殉死を真に主君への真の忠義から出た「義腹」、誰かが殉死するために自分も殉死しなければならないとする理屈に基づく「論腹」、殉死することで子孫の栄達を図る「商腹」に分類している。
- In Meiryo-kohan (historical records), junshi was classified into three types: 'gibara' was performed from true loyalty to one's master, 'ronbara' was the junshi based on the logic in which one thought that he has to commit junshi because other person performed junshi, and 'shobara' was committed for the purpose of wishing one's offspring's advancement in social status.
- なお織田信長は、尾張国半国守護代たる織田氏(清洲三奉行尾張国守護代家 / 織田大和守家とも)の分家で代々の当主が「弾正忠」を自称していた一族(清洲三奉行弾正忠家と称される)の出身である。
- In addition, Nobunaga ODA came from a clan whose successive lords called themselves 'danjo no chu' (Kiyosu sanbugyo [three magistrates of Kiyosu] danjo no chu family), and the clan was a branch family of Oda clan, the shugodai (deputy military governor) of half part of Owari Province (also called Kiyosu sanbugyo in Owari province shugodai family or the Oda Yamatonokami family).
- 1900年(明治33年)、パリ万博に際して岡倉天心を中心に『稿本日本帝国美術略史』が刊行されたが、建築の部門を任された伊東忠太は天心の美術史区分に大きな影響を受け、建築史の大枠を築いた。
- The manuscript 'A Shortened History of Japan's Fine Arts,' published in 1900 to coincide with Japan's participation in the world's fair in Paris, was compiled chiefly by Tenshin OKAKURA with Chuta ITO in charge of the architecture section; it was strongly influenced by Tenshin's method of classifying the history of fine arts and his established framework of architectural history.
- 例えば畠山重忠(はたけやまのしょうじへいじろうしげただ)は武蔵国畠山荘を荘司として所領とし、藤原経清(わたりごんのたいふふじわらのつねきよ)は陸奥国亘理郡を郡司として所領としたのである。
- For instance, HATAKEYAMA no Shojiheijiro-Shigetada, who was a shoji in Hatakeyamano-sho, Musashi Province, owned that place as his territory, and Watarigon no Taifu FUJIWARA no Tsunekiyo, who was a gunji in Watari District, Mutsu Province, owned this place as his territory.
- これは当時、藩主島津忠恒が進めていた藩政改革がうまく行かず、家臣団の統制すらままならなかったからであるが、島津の不参加は一時「島津謀反」の噂を引き起こし、小倉藩の監視を受ける羽目となった。
- That was because Tadatsune SHIMAZU, the lord of the domain, unable to successfully carry out the reformation of domain duties, could not control his vassals as he wished, and as a result, their nonparticipation caused a temporal rumor of 'Shimazu Rebellion' leading to a position carefully supervised by Kokura Domain.
- 織田信長が「上総介」を僭称し松平忠輝が任官し、本多正純、吉良義央、小栗忠順が「上野介」を任官したのも、名目のみとは言え、「上総守」「上野守」の官職が親王のみにしか許されなかったからである。
- The reason why Nobunaga ODA called himself 'Kazusa no suke' and Tadateru MATSUNAGA was appointed to 'Kazusa no suke,' or Masazumi HONDA, Yoshinaka KIRA, and Tadamasa OGURI were appointed to 'Kozuke no suke' was because the use of 'Kazusa no kami' and 'Kozuke no kami' was limited to Imperial Princes, though these titles were only nominal.
- その後、再建されて藤原頼通から藤原師実に継承されて後冷泉天皇皇后の藤原寛子が居住したが、後に師実が改築して異母兄の藤原定綱に譲り、定綱はこれを師実の子で自分の娘婿でもあった藤原家忠に譲った。
- It was rebuilt and inherited from FUJIWARA no Yorimichi by FUJIWARA no Morozane before being resided in by the Empress FUJIWARA no Kanshi (the wife of the Emperor Goreizei) but it was subsequently renovated by Morozane and given to his older paternal half-brother FUJIWARA no Sadatsuna who gave it to his daughter's husband FUJIWARA no Ietada (a son of Morozane).
- 大本営陸軍部の大本営組織をつとめる石黒忠悳(軍医総監・陸軍省医務局)や軍医部長の一人森鴎外医学功績と脚気問題から見た再評価(森鴎外)などが科学的根拠がないとして、麦飯の支給に強硬に反対した。
- Tadanori ISHIGURO responsible for the entire system of the Army of the Imperial headquarters (surgeon general of Medical department of Ministry of Army) and one of directors of army surgeons, Ogai MORI and other surgeons were strongly opposed to supplying barley rice; suggesting that reevaluation in view of medical achievements and beriberi Ogai MORI) lacks scientific evidence.
- 児童教育については、『蒙求』・『千字文』・『李嶠百廿詠』が主に用いられ、後に藤原公任が『和漢朗詠集』、藤原宗忠が『作文大体』、三善為康が『続千字文』・『童蒙頌韻』を著すとこれらも用いられた。
- For children's education, 'Mogyu,' 'Senjimon' and 'Rikyo Hyakunijuei' were primarily used, with 'Wakan Roeishu' written by FUJIWARA no Kinto, 'Sakumon Daitai' written by FUJIWARA no Munetada, 'Zoku Senjimon' and 'Domoshoin' written by MIOSHI no Tameyasu later added to the list of textbooks.
- 天正遣欧少年使節(てんしょうけんおうしょうねんしせつ)は1582年(天正10年)に九州のキリシタン大名、大友義鎮・大村純忠・有馬晴信の名代としてローマへ派遣された4名の少年を中心とした使節団。
- Tensho Ken-o Shonen Shisetsu was a mission of four boys and others dispatched to Rome in 1582, acting for Yoshishige OTOMO, Sumitada OMURA, and Harunobu ARIMA, who were the Christian feudal lords in Kyushu.
- 『高麗史』及び『元史』によれば、高麗の(のちの忠烈王の)執拗な要請があり、蒙人の高官は兵力不足を懸念して南宋攻略を先にすべきと主張したが、高麗を経由する東路からの日本侵攻が決定されたとされる。
- According to 'Koraishi' (The History of Goryeo) and 'Genshi' (The History of the Yuan Dynasty), Mongol high officials were worried about soldier shortage and insisted on conquering the Southern Sung Dynasty first, but Goryeo (later King Chungnyeol) persistently requested them to invade Japan from the eastern route via Goryeo, and thus it was so decided.
- 高望の子のひとり平良将(良持とも)は下総国佐倉市に所領を持ち、その子の将門は京都に上って朝廷に中級官人として出仕し、同時に官人としての地位を有利にするために摂関家藤原忠平の従者ともなっていた。
- A child of Takamochi, TAIRA no Yoshimasa (or Yoshimochi) who had territories in Sakura Domain, Shimousa Province and whose son Masakado served the Imperial Court in Kyoto as a mid-ranking official, also became a follower of FUJIWARA no Tadahira of the Fujiwara sekkan-ke (the family of regents) in order to improve his standing as a government official.
- これに対して職忠は現在の出納の職掌・待遇は慶長年間の「新儀」であることは認めた上で、これは東照大権現(徳川家康)が朝廷再興のために定めたものであり、局務や官務はこれに従うべきであると反論した。
- Against that opinion, Morotada stated that the task and treatment of 'suino' were under 'the new rules' made during the Keicho era, but were stipulated by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA for restoring the Imperial court; therefore, 'kyokumu' and 'kanmu' had to comply with it.
- 結果的に延喜の治は律令制復活の最後の試みとなり、次代の朱雀天皇および藤原忠平の治世から、律令制支配は完全に放棄されることとなり、新たな支配体制王朝国家体制の構築・充実が進展していったのである。
- As the result, Engi no chi was the last trial conducted to bring back the Ritsuryo system, and this ruling system was completely abandoned during the reign of the next emperor, Emperor Suzaku, and FUJIWARA no Tadahira and the establishment and reinforcement of a new system, i.e. the Imperial Court, state was starting to develop.
- 忠邦はまた、阿片戦争における清の敗北により、従来の外国船に対する異国船打払令を改めて薪水給与令を発令して柔軟路線に転換する一方、江川英龍や高島秋帆に西洋流砲術を導入させて、近代軍備を整えさせた。
- In response to the defeat of Qing Dynasty in the Opium Wars, Tadakuni shifted his foreign policy to more flexible one by amending the conventional edict to repel foreign vessels to the law to provide water and fuel for foreign ships, while he ordered Hidetatsu EGAWA and Shuhan TAKASHIMA to introduce the western style gunnery and the modern military buildup.
- 庭内の見張りは大石良金(槍)、潮田高教、中村正辰(槍)、奥田行高(太刀)、間瀬正辰(槍)、千馬光忠(半弓)、茅野常成(弓)、間光風(弓)、木村貞行(槍)、不破正種(槍)、前原宗房(槍)の11士。
- Eleven members who were chosen for guarding the yard were Yoshikane OISHI (spear), Takanori USHIODA, Masatoki NAKAMURA (spear), Yukitaka OKUDA (sword), Masatoki MASE (spear), Mitsutada CHIBA (small-sized bow), Tsunenari KAYANO (bow), Mitsukaze HAZAMA (bow), Sadayuki KIMURA (spear), Masatane FUWA (spear) and Munefusa MAEHARA (spear).
- 江戸幕府が本格的な朝廷政治の統制に踏み切ったのは寛永7年7月13日_(旧暦)に後水尾天皇退位を受けて大御所徳川秀忠(新帝明正天皇外祖父)より出された15ヶ条からなる覚書が最初であるとされている。
- The Edo bakufu eventually embarked on the full-fledged control over the imperial court administration on August 21, 1630 when emperor Gomizunoo abdicated the throne, with the memorandum consisting of 15 Articles issued by the retired shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA, who was a maternal grandfather of the new Emperor Meisho.
- 天正10年(1582年)2月1日、新府城築城のため更に賦役が増大していたことに不満を募らせた義昌はついに勝頼を裏切り、織田信忠(信長の長男)に弟の上松義豊を人質として差し出し、織田氏に寝返った。
- On February 1, 1582, Yoshimasa, who was displeased with Katsuyori's policy to effectuate another increase in forced labor for the construction of Shinpu-jo Castle, finally betrayed Katsuyori and defected to the Oda clan by sending his younger brother, Yoshitoyo UEMATSU, to Nobutada ODA (Nobunaga's eldest son) as a hostage.
- 摂関家は保元の乱によって藤原忠実の知行国・頼長の所領が没収された上に、家人として荘園管理の武力を担っていた源為義が処刑されたことで各地の荘園で紛争が激化するなど、その勢力を大きく後退させていた。
- This branch of regents and advisors had suffered the confiscation of FUJIWARA no Tadazane's chigyo-koku (provincial fiefdom) as well as Yorinaga's territories due to the Hogen Rebellion, and worse yet the execution of MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, a retainer on whose military strength they had increasingly come to rely to manage their shoen properties; as a result, their power had greatly waned, as evidenced by the disputes over ownership of their lands escalating all over the country.
- 真田隊を壊滅させた松平忠直の越前勢が一番乗りを果たしたのを始めとして徳川方が城内に続々と乱入し、遂には大坂城本丸内部で内通者によって放たれた火の手が天守にも上がり、5月7日深夜に大坂城は陥落した。
- Starting with the first invasion of the Echizen troop of Tadanao MATSUDAIRA that destroyed the Sanada troop, the Tokugawa army entered the Castle in a stream; the fire set in the inside of the Honmaru by betrayers reached the castle keep leading the fall of Osaka Castle at midnight of May 7 (the old calendar).
- 石黒忠悳軍医・伊集院五郎・大浦兼武・大迫尚道陸軍士官学校 (日本)・神尾光臣・佐藤正 (陸軍草創期)・志水直・田村銀之助・寺内正毅(右腕を負傷)・東条英教・浜野昇軍医・山口素臣大隊長・手塚良仙軍医
- Tadanori ISHIGURO (a military doctor), Goro IJUIN, Kanetake OURA, Naomichi OSAKO (at the military academy (in Japan)), Mitsuomi KAMIO, Tadashi SATO (in the era of establishing the army), Tadashi SHIMIZU, Ginnosuke TAMURA, Masatake TERAUCHI (his right arm was injured), Hidenori TOJO, Noboru HAMANO (a military doctor), Motoomi YAMAGUCHI (a battalion commander), and Ryosen TEZUKA (a military doctor)
- 文久3年(1863年)8月、吉村寅太郎、松本奎堂、藤本鉄石ら尊攘派浪士の天誅組は孝明天皇の大和行幸の魁たらんと欲し、前侍従中山忠光を擁して大和国へ入り、8月17日に五條市代官所を襲撃して挙兵した。
- In August 1863, the Tenchugumi (Heavenly Avenging Force,) a group of masterless samurai (roshi) who revered the emperor like Torataro YOSHIMURA, Keido MATSUMOTO, and Tesseki FUJIMOTO, raised an army in order to charge ahead of Emperor Komei's Imperial Trip to the Yamato Province and, led by ex-chamberlain Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA, they went to Yamato Province and attacked the magistrate's office in Gojo City on August 17.
- しかし、実際に人口調査の体裁が整えられてたのは、徳川吉宗によって子午改(6年毎)の全国人口調査が開始された享保六年(1721年)以降であり、大岡忠相から有馬氏倫へ提出した書類の形式で伝えられている。
- However, the census system was only formally put into place after hexannual national census surveys were implemented by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA in 1721 (year) and formalized in the document presented by Tadasuke OOKA to Ujinori ARIMA.
- 5月20日 (旧暦)夜、酒井忠次率いる東三河衆の他、織田軍・金森長近などの与力、また鉄砲500丁を持たせた計約3000名という連合軍の大部隊(『信長公記』によると約4000名)が、密かに豊川を渡河。
- During the night of July 18, the great allied forces, comprising the Migashimikawa army under Tadatsugu SAKAI, the yoriki (assistants to commanders) including Nagachika KANAMORI of the Oda force, and approximately 3,000 (or 4,000 men according to 'The Shinchoko-ki') with 500 teppo, crossed Toyo-gawa River in secret.
- しかし、駿河忠長が改易(後の自害)、館林綱吉が5代将軍となり、甲府綱豊が6代将軍(家宣と改名)として徳川宗家に戻り、これらの徳川家が消滅したため、尾張・紀州・水戸の三家を御三家と呼ぶことが定着した。
- But when Tadanaga SURUGA was dismissed from the position and later killed himself, Tsunayoshi TATEBAYASHI became the fifth shogun, and Tsunatoyo KOFU, who was later renamed to Ienobu, became the sixth shogun and returned to the Tokugawa head family, these Tokugawa families died out and the Owari, Kishu and Mito families came to be commonly called Gosanke.
- 忠真系は幕末まで小倉藩主として継続、忠知系は転封を重ねて最終的には肥前国唐津藩(現在の佐賀県唐津市)6万石に、長次系は悪政や無嗣による改易で最終的に播磨国安志藩(現在の兵庫県姫路市)1万石に移った。
- Tadazane stayed the position as the lord of the Kokura Domain until the end of Edo period and the line of Tadatomo which was relocated to some places, was finally relocated to the Karatsu Domain, Hizen Province (presently Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture) holding 60,000 koku and the line of Nagatsugu was finally relocated to the Anji Domain, Harima Province (presently Himeji City, Hyogo Prefecture) holding 10,000 koku as the result of change of rank due to misrule and extinction of the family line.
- これに対し、後鳥羽上皇は近臣藤原忠綱を鎌倉に送り、愛妾伊賀局(元は遊女の亀菊)の所領である摂津国長江荘、倉橋荘の地頭職の撤廃と院に近い御家人仁科盛遠(西面の武士)への処分の撤回を条件として提示した。
- In response to this request, the retired Emperor Gotoba sent his vassal Tadatsuna Fujiwara to Kamakura, who submitted as requirements that the punishment of the gokenin (low-ranking warrior vassal) Morita NISHINA (a member of the Western Guard Corps), who was close to the retired Emperor, be overturned, and the annulment of responsibility over the Nagae estate in Settsu Province, which belonged to the courtesan Igakyoku (formerly the prostitute Kamegiku), and the Kurahashi estate be repealed.
- 膝下の近江国の兵に加えて嫡男織田信忠率いる尾張国・美濃国の軍勢、織田信雄・織田信孝・織田信包配下の伊勢国の軍勢、さらに畿内と越前国・若狭国・丹後国・丹波国・播磨国の兵も合流して13日に京都を出発した。
- He left Kyoto on the 12th with not only the soldiers in Omi Province which he directly ruled but also the troops of Owari and Mino Provinces led by his legitimate son Nobutada ODA, the troops of Ise Province ruled by Nobukatsu ODA, Nobutaka ODA and Nobukane ODA, and the soldiers of the Kinai region, Echizen, Wakasa, Tango, Tanba and Harima Provinces.
- これに応えて試衛館派、水戸派、殿内以下、根岸友山一派などが京の壬生村に残ったが、根岸派は直後に脱退、殿内・家里は排斥され、同年3月、新選組の前身である「壬生浪士組」(「精忠浪士組」とも)が結成される。
- In response to this, the Shiei-kan and Mito Parties, along with Yuzan NEGISHI and his group controlled by TONOUCHI, remained in Mibu Village of Kyoto, but the NEGISHI party withdrew immediately afterwards, TONOUCHI and IESATO were excluded, and in March of the same year 'Mibu Roshi-gumi' (also known as 'Seichu Roshi-gumi') was formed.
- また「国家に偉功ある者」として公家からは三条家(三条実美の功)、岩倉家(岩倉具視の功)、武家からは島津氏(薩摩藩主島津忠義の功)、玉里島津家(島津久光の功)、毛利家(毛利敬親の功)が公爵に叙せられた。
- In addition, Sanetomi SANJO, Tomomi IWAKURA, the lord of Satsuma Domain Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, Hisamitsu SHIMAZU and Takachika MORI were regarded as 'persons who made distinguished contributions to the nation,' and their families, the Sanjo family from kuge, the Iwakura family from kuge, the Shimazu family from buke, the Tamazato-Shimazu family from buke, and the Mori family from buke were conferred the peerage.
- 特に江戸時代には、敵討の中でも曾我兄弟の仇討ち(1193年、『曽我物語』)、鍵屋の辻の決闘(1634年)、元禄赤穂事件(1702年、『忠臣蔵』)は「三大仇討ち」と呼ばれ、多くの作品で人々に親しまれた。
- Particularly in the Edo period, of the cases of Katakiuchi, the Adauchi cases by the Soga brothers were known as the 'Three Major Adauchi Cases' and became known to people in many works ('Story of the Soga Family' in 1193; the duel at Kagiya no Tsuji in 1634; and the Genroku Ako Incident, or 'Chushingura,' in 1702).
- 直武の絵画における弟子としては、蘭癖大名として知られる熊本藩主細川重賢とも交流のあった藩主佐竹曙山、北家当主(角館城代)佐竹義躬、藩士田代忠国・荻津勝孝・菅原寅吉、久保田藩御用絵師菅原虎三などがいる。
- Shozan SATAKE, a feudal lord known for his association with the lord of the Kumamoto clan Shigekata HOSOKAWA who was known for his hot temper, Yoshimi SATAKE, the family head of the Northern House of the Satake clan (the Keeper of Kakunodate-jo Castle), as well as statesmen including Tadakuni TASHIRO, Katsutaka OGITSU, Torakichi SUGAWARA and Torazo SUGAWARA, a painter of the Kubota clan, were all among Naotake's painting disciples.
- この門葉の顔ぶれを見る限り、門葉たる地位を付与されるためには、血筋上の嫡流庶流や頼朝の血筋との近接性はあまり問題ではなく、あくまで忠勤の目覚ましい清和源氏であることがその要件であったということができる。
- Given the manner in which the members of these monyo were selected, in order to be given the status of monyo, what mattered wasn't the main line or branch of the family blood nor how close one was to Yoritomo's blood but was instead being the faithful Seiwa-Genji, which was the only requirement.
- 義士祭が行われる赤穂市では義士(あこうぎし)と呼ばれ、忠孝の教えの観点から戦前は全国的にも赤穂義士の名称が一般的だったが、戦後、大佛次郎の小説がテレビドラマ化されてからは、赤穂浪士の方が周知されている。
- In Ako City, home of the Gishi Festival, the group is known as Ako Gishi, and pre-war, the name Ako Gishi used to be known nationwide in relation to loyalty and filial piety, but post-war, since Jiro OSARAGI's novel was adapted for TV, the name of Ako Roshi has been more widely known.
- その後、義国と長子の新田義重は渡良瀬川対岸の浅間山噴火で荒廃していた上野国新田郡(群馬県太田市、旧新田郡新田町など)を開発し、保元2年(1157年)平家方の藤原忠雅に開発地を寄進し、新田荘が立荘された。
- Thereafter, Yoshikuni and his eldest child, Yoshishige NITTA developed Nitta County, Kozuke Province (Ota City, Gunma Prefecture, former Nitta-machi, Nitta-gun, etc.) on the other side of the Watarase-gawa River which had been devastated by the eruption of Mt. Asama, and donated the developed land to FUJIWARA no Tadamasa in the Taira family side in 1157, which established Nitta no sho estate.
- 戦国の武士の気風を受け継ぎ殉死などを行なうかぶき者を公秩序維持のため徳川家綱の代に禁止し、江戸幕府が、儒教の朱子学を公の学問としたため、信・義・忠を重んじ、気高い振る舞いを行なうのが武士であるとされた。
- The kabuki-mono (the crazy ones, dandy), who followed their master to the grave with the moral tone of bushi during the Sengoku period, were forbidden for the maintenance of public order during the generation of Ietsuna TOKUGAWA and the Edo bakufu authorized Shushigaku (Neo-Confucianism) of Confucianism as public scholarship and thus the bushi should emphasize the faith, justice and loyalty and behave nobly.
- 中世後期に入ると、下記(世阿弥『風姿花伝』別紙口伝)に代表されるように「家学」そのものの継承を優先として血縁者ではなくても教えに忠実な門人が継ぐ場合でも結果的には「家学」は守られるという考え方も生じた。
- In the late medieval period an idea came about that 'kagaku' was consequently upheld even when it was inherited, not by relatives, but by pupils who were committed to the doctrine with a view to giving priority to the inheritance of 'kagaku' itself, as represented as follows ('Fushikaden' [The Flowering Spirit] Besshi Kuden [a separate secret teaching] written by Zeami).
- 交渉は18日より徳川方の京極忠高の陣において、家康側近の本多正純、阿茶局と、豊臣方の使者として派遣された淀殿の妹である常高院との間で行われ、19日には講和条件が合意、20日に誓書が交換され和平が成立した。
- The negotiations took place in Tadataka KYOGOKU's camp on Tokugawa side between Masazumi HONDA and Acha-no-tsubone from Tokugawa side and Joko-in, who was Yodo-dono's sister and had been dispatched as a messenger of the Toyotomi side; on 19th peace terms were agreed and pacification was made with an exchange of written vows (the old calendar).
- 内容は、前文で「朕は汝ら軍人の大元帥なるぞ」と天皇が統帥権を保持することを示し、続けて、軍人に忠節・礼儀・武勇・信義・質素の5つの徳目を説いた主文、これらを誠心をもって遵守実行するよう命じた後文から成る。
- The rescript consists of the preamble, the main part and the last part: the preamble indicates Emperor holding supreme command, saying 'Being Emperor, I myself am commander in chief,' the main part tells military men five types of virtue of loyalty, courtesy, military prowess, faithfulness, and frugality, and the last part orders soldiers and sailors to follow and practice them sincerely.
- この制度の提言は、吉宗政権で政治顧問的待遇を受けた酒井忠挙が、京都所司代の松平信庸 (篠山藩主)が自らの領地からの収入だけでは任務に支障が生じていることを見て、吉宗に「重職役料下賜」を提言したことによる。
- The proposal for this system was based on a proposal for 'grant of yakuryo (executive allowance) to a person assuming an important post' given to Yoshimune by Tadataka SAKAI receiving treatments as a political adviser in the Yoshimune government when he saw that Nobutsune MATSUDAIRA (lord of the Sasayama clan) assuming Kyoto Shoshidai (the Kyoto deputy) had difficulties in performing duties only with an income from own territory.
- 秀吉の死後、徳川家康(東軍)と石田三成(西軍)らの争いが始まると、東軍につき、ガラシャは西軍の人質になることを拒んで自害、幽斎は田辺城_(丹後国)で2ヶ月に及ぶ籠城戦を戦い、忠興は関ヶ原の戦いで活躍した。
- When the battle between Ieyasu TOKUGAWA (the eastern army) and Mitsunari ISHIDA (the western army) started after the death of Hideyoshi, the family sided with the eastern army, there, Garasha committed suicide refusing to be a hostage of the eastern army, Yusai fought in a siege of Tanabe-jo Castle (Tango Province) for two month and Tadaoki did distinguished service in the Battle of Sekigahara.
- 翌寛文6年3月11日 (旧暦)(1666年4月15日)には伏見奉行水野忠貞が兼ねていた畿内・近江国・丹波国・播磨国の奉行職を免じられて両名に移管された(水野の伏見奉行辞任は寛文9年(1669年)である)。
- On April 15, 1666, the Magistrate in Kinai, Omi Province, Tanba Province and Harima Province, which Tadasada MIZUNO had assumed, was transferred to Miyazaki and Amemiya (Mizuno officially resigned as Fushimi Magistrate in 1669).
- 湊川の戦いや、正成が出陣前に嫡子の楠木正行を本拠地の河内国へ帰した「桜井の別れ」などは、戦前の皇国史観教育や唱歌などで、正成が勝てぬ戦と知りながら天皇のために忠義を尽くして死んだなどと脚色して伝えられた。
- The Battle of Minatogawa and the 'Sakurai no wakare' (separation in Sakurai) in which Masashige sent his son and heir Masatsura KUSUNOKI back to his headquarters in Kawachi Province were dramatized in pre-war Emperor-centered nationalistic views and songs depicting Masashige fighting loyally for the emperor despite the fact that he knew the battle could not be won.
- ついで、同年12月13日辰刻(午前九時頃)に尼崎城の近く、織田信忠が陣をはっていた七つ松に有岡城の本丸にいた人質が護送され、97本の磔柱を建て家臣の妻子122名に死の晴着をつけ、鉄砲で殺害されたようである。
- Around nine o'clock in the morning on January 9, 1580, hostages in honmaru of Arioka-jo Castle were sent to Nanatsumatsu where Nobutada ODA had taken up a position and 97 crosses were erected and 122 wives and children of subordinates were made to wear festive dress and killed with guns.
- 阿部死後、老中首座となった堀田正睦は、ハリスの圧力や第二次アヘン戦争における清の敗北などの情勢から通商条約締結は不可避と考え、孝明天皇の勅許を求めるべく、京都において関白九条尚忠を通じて工作をおこなわせた。
- After the death of Abe, Masayoshi HOTTA, who assumed the position of the head of roju, thought the conclusion of the treaty would be inevitable due to pressure from Harris and the surrounding situation in which the Qing dynasty was defeated in the second Opium war, and started work in Kyoto, through Naohisa KUJO, Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), to get imperial permission from the Emperor Komei.
- すなわち、信長は本能寺の変以前に、大名としての織田家の家督は信忠に譲っており、自らは、織田・柴田・明智・羽柴・神戸(信孝)・北畠(信雄)などの「大名(信長の取立による大名)」の上に君臨する存在となっていた。
- That is to say, Nobukatsu had already handed over the headship of the family to Nobutada before the Honno-ji Incident, and he reined over such 'daimyo (selected by Nobunaga)' as Oda, Shibata, Akechi, Hashiba, (Nobutaka) KANBE, and (Nobuo) KITABATAKE.
- 即位した師貞(花山天皇)は、外祖父伊尹がすでに死去し、外戚関係にない頼忠が関白の地位にあることを踏まえ、伊尹の長男藤原義懐と乳母子の藤原惟成を相談役として、関白に政務を委任することなく積極的に親政を行った。
- Morosada (Emperor Kazan)'s maternal grandfather Koretada had already died and Yoritada who had no maternal relative relations was Kanpaku (chancellor), he actively ruled without delegation to the Kanpaku with Koretada's first son, FUJIWARA no Yoshichika and son of his nurse, FUJIWARA no Korenari.
- 業倫は、八代荘設立の経緯と「熊野権現垂迹縁起」の記述とを根拠として、忠重らの狼藉を、院庁下文を無視し、伊勢と同体である熊野権現を侵犯したことから律令の盗大祀御神物に相当するとして、絞刑とするべきだと勘申した。
- Based on the details concerning the establishment of Yatsushiro no sho and the description of 'Kumano Gongen Suijaku Engi,' Gyorin reported that the conducts of Tadashige etc came under the clause of Todaishi goshinbutsu of Ritsuryo code because they neglected innocho kudashibumi and offended Kumano Gongen Deity which was identical with Ise, and that they should be sentenced to death by hanging.
- 徳川家光の代には秀吉の墓まで幕府によって暴かれ、長宗我部盛親はじめ残党の追尾は10年以上に亘って行われた(徳川幕府転覆を企てた由井正雪の片腕とされた丸橋忠弥は長宗我部盛澄といい長宗我部盛親の側室の次男という)。
- The Tokugawa shougunate even violated Hideyoshi's grave during Iemitsu TOKUGAWA period and had pursued remnants of the Toyotomi Family including Morichika CHOSOKABE for more than ten years (Chuya MARUBASH with his real name Morizumi CHOSOKABE, a righ-hand man of Shosetsu YUI, who attempted the overthrow of the Tokugawa shougunate, is said to have been the second son of Morichika CHOSOKABE's concubine).
- 日本軍は、漆川梁海戦で朝鮮水軍を壊滅させると進撃を開始し、たちまち全羅道の道都全州を占領、忠清道の稷山で明軍と交戦(稷山の戦い:双方とも自軍の勝利と記録)した後、京畿道 (朝鮮八道)の安城市・竹山まで進撃した。
- Having wiped out the Korean navy at The naval Battle of Chilcheollyang, the Japanese forces attacked and conquered the cities of Chonju of Jeolla Province, fought against the Ming force at Shokusan (the Battle of Shokusan: both forces recorded they had won.), and also attacked Chikusan, Anjo-city of Gyeonggi Province (Eight Provinces of Korea).
- こうして軍勢の統括者に提出された軍忠状は、内容に問題が無ければ、文書末尾(先頭の場合もあり)にその統括者の証判(花押)と文書を一読し承諾した旨(「一見了」「承了」「無相違」などの文言)が書かれて効力が発生する。
- When the Gunchujo was submitted to the administrator of the troops and certified to be true, the document took effect with the addition of the approval mark of the administrator (Kao [written seal mark]) at the end of the document (or the head in some cases) and with words along the lines of 'I looked through the above and agree that it does not differ from the facts.'
- 役職石高などが不明な者では、小笠原忠五郎、村上甚五右衛門、古沢善右衛門、馬場次郎右衛門、石原弥右衛門、富田五左衛門、星八左衛門、若松新右衛門、近藤徳兵衛、山下甚右衛門、榊原五郎右衛門といった名前が挙げられている。
- Those whose positions or the number of koku are unknown included Chugoro OGASAWARA, Jingoemon MURAKAMI, Zenemon FURUSAWA, Jiroemon BABA, Yaemon ISHIHARA, Gozaemon TOMITA, Hachizaemon HOSHI, Shinemon WAKAMATSU, Tokube KONDO, Jinemon YAMASHITA and Goroemon SAKAKIBARA.
- しかし、建保4年(1216年)に信清が薨去して以降、建保7年(1219年)には将軍源実朝が暗殺され、承久3年(1221年)の承久の変においては信清の子の坊門忠信は後鳥羽上皇ら討幕勢力に与したため流罪に処せられた。
- However, following Nobukiyo's death in 1216, the Shogun MINAMOTO no Sanetomo was assassinated in 1219, and in the Jokyu War of 1221, Nobukiyo's son Tadanobu BOMON sided with the Retired Emperor Gotoba and lent his military strength to the effort to strike down the shogunate, leading to his exile.
- その後は、藤原純友の乱を平定した藤原忠文や、阿衡事件に関与した藤原佐世等を輩出したものの、平安時代中期以降は儒学によって立身する家系として数家がしばらく血統を保つのみとなり、鎌倉時代まで続いた家はほとんどなかった。
- Thereafter, Fujiwara Shikike produced FUJIWARA no Tadabumi, who put down FUJIWARA no Sumitomo's War, and FUJIWARA no Sukeyo, who was involved with the Ako Incident, but from the middle of the Heian period, only a couple of families managed to keep their lines known as those that rose on the basis of Confucianism, and few could remain until the Kamakura period.
- 9世紀末~10世紀初年に醍醐天皇及び藤原時平が主導した律令制復活の最後の試みである延喜の治が失敗に終わると、次代の朱雀天皇及び藤原忠平は、個別人身支配を基調とする体制から土地課税基調の体制へと大きな政策転回を行った。
- When the Engi no chi (Reign of the Emperor Daigo), the last attempt for reviving the Ritsuryo system led by the Emperor Daigo and FUJIWARA no Tokihira during the period from the end of the 9th century to the early 10th century, ended in failure, the emperor Suzaku, his successor, and FUJIWARA no Tadahira made a bold policy change from the principle of people-based governance to that of tax on land.
- その後、院政期に入ると朔旦冬至の年に官務と局務に各3部ずつ、記録所に1部を進上することが慣例化された(大治 (日本)元年藤原宗忠『中右記』・永仁5年賀茂定清『永仁五年朔旦冬至記』・明徳3年中原師豊『大外記師豊記』)。
- Later, when insei period started, people made it rule to present three copies of the calendar to kanmu and kyokumu and one copy to kirokujo in the year of sakutan toji (according to 'Chuyuki' by FUJIWARA no Munetada in 1126, 'Einin gonen sakutan tojiki' by Kamo no Sadakiyo in 1297 and 'Daigeki morotoyoki' by Morotoyo NAKAHARA in 1392).
- このことに不満を持った薩摩藩の過激派、有馬新七らは同じく薩摩藩の尊王派の志士、真木和泉・田中河内介らと共謀して関白九条尚忠・京都所司代酒井忠義 (若狭国小浜藩主)邸を襲撃することを決定し、伏見の船宿寺田屋に集まった。
- Dissatisfied with him, extremists in the Satsuma domain such as Shinshichi ARIMA conspired with devoted members of the royalist faction such as Izumi MAGI and Kawachinosuke TANAKA to carry out a raid on the residences of the chief adviser to the Emperor, Hisatada KUJO, and the Kyoto-shoshidai (commissioner dealing with police and judicial affairs in Kyoto), Tadaaki SAKAI (also the lord of the Obama domain in Wakasa Province), and they gathered at the Teradaya, an inn for sailors in Fushimi.
- 否な豊臣の末期から、徳川の初期にかけて、かかる快文字は、ほとんどその比類がない」と絶賛したが、一九八〇年代には桑田忠親は「後世の好事家の偽作にすぎない」、二木謙一は「『直江状』と称する古文書までが偽作された」と唱えた。
- Such a magnificent composition was almost unparalleled from the end of Toyotomi period to the beginning of the Tokugawa period', but Tadachika KUWATA refuted this saying that 'It was just a forgery by a dilettante in a later period' and Kenichi NIKI added in the 1980s, 'Even the old document called 'Naoejo' was forged.'
- 米沢藩主である上杉綱憲は吉良上野介の実子で、赤穂浪士の討ち入りを知った綱憲がいきり立って父の援軍に出馬しようとするところを家老千坂高房(または色部安長)が強く諫言しておしとどめる場面が忠臣蔵の物語でよく取り上げられる。
- It is often seen in the stories of Chushingura that when the lord of Yonezawa Domain Tsunanori UESUGI, who was a biological son of Kura Kozuke no Suke, heard about the raid by Ako Roshi, he became very angry and tried to send reinforcements to his father; however, chief retainer Takafusa CHISAKA (also known as Yasunaga IROBE) remonstranced and stopped him.
- しかし元禄6年(1693年)11月に本家の家督と古河藩を継いでいた兄の忠之が発狂したために改易されると、信通は松平(桜井)家の家督を継ぐこととなり、2万石加増の上で備中国庭瀬藩に移封され、興留藩は廃藩となったのである。
- However, the lunacy of his brother Tadayuki who had inherited the main family heritage and Furukawa Domain led to forfeiture of his domain in November 1693; subsequently Nobumichi was appointed as heir of Matsudaira (Sakurai) family and was transferred to Niwase Domain of Bicchu Domain with increase of rice yield by 20,000 koku, resulting in the closure of Okidome Domain.
- 保元の乱・平治の乱の記事は欠けているが、治承2年(1178年)の安徳天皇誕生、同4年(1180年)の即位、元暦元年(1184年)の後鳥羽天皇の即位と大嘗会の記事は緻密で、忠親が朝儀や政界の情勢に通じていたことが分かる。
- Although it lacks an article on the Hogen War and Heiji War, the articles on the birth of Emperor Antoku in 1178, his enthronement in 1180, and the enthronement and Daijoe (banquet on the occasion of the first ceremonial offering of rice by the newly-enthroned emperor) of Emperor Gotoba in 1184 are precise, which shows that Tadachika was familiar with chogi (ceremony at the Imperial Court) and the political situation.
- 信忠が自害したのに対し、長益は自害せずに逃げ出したため、そのことを京の民衆に「織田の源五は人ではないよ お腹召させておいて われは安土へ逃げる源五 6月2日に大水出て 織田の源なる名を流す」と皮肉られたと言われている。
- As Nagamasu did not commit suicide and fled while Nobutada committed suicide, it is told that people in Kyoto ironically commented 'Gengo ODA is not a human being. He let Nobutada commit hara-kiri and he himself fled to Azuchi. On June 2, the flooding and the name of the origin of Oda was washed out.'
- 作者として挙げられているのは、世阿弥・観世信光・観世長俊・金春禅竹・金春禅鳳・宮増・近江能・三条西実隆・竹田法印定盛・細川弘源寺・音阿弥・太田垣忠説・金春善徳・内藤藤左衛門・河上神主・「作者不分明能ただし大略金春能か」。
- Zeami, Nobumitsu KANZE, Nagatoshi KANZE, Zenchiku KONPARU, Zenpo KONPARU, Miyamasu, No Omi, Sanetaka SANJONISHI, Sadamori Hoin TAKEDA, Hosokawa Kogenji, Onami, Tadatoki OTAGAKI, Yoshinori KONPARU, Tozaemon NAITO and Kawakami Kannushi are listed as writers, with 'the noh plays the writhers of which are unknown', which might be attributed to the Konparu family.
- 日ごとに権力を増す信長に脅威を抱いた朝廷は、信長の朝廷に対する忠誠心を計るため、天正10年(1582年)に「いか様の官にも任ぜられ」(どのような官位も望みのままに与える)と記された誠仁親王の親書(誠仁親王御消息)を送る。
- The Imperial Court sensed a threat from Nobunaga who had been increasing his power day by day and, in order to measure Nobunaga's loyalty to the Imperial Court, sent in 1582 a letter from the Imperial Prince Sanehito that read 'You may have any official position that you wish to have.' to Nobunaga (Sanehito Shinno Goshosoku (letters of the Imperial Prince Sanehito)).
- 平安時代前期には、紀氏と並んで武人の故実を伝える家とされたが、武士の台頭とともに伴氏は歴史の表舞台から姿を消していく事となり、その後は伴忠国が鶴岡八幡宮初代神主となって以降、その社職を継承しながら血筋を伝えていく事となる。
- In the early Heian period, the Tomo clan, like the Ki clan, was considered to be the clan that carried the ancient practices of warriors, but as the samurai gained power, the Tomo clan's political influence faded, and after TOMO no Tadakuni became the first Shinto priest of Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine, the bloodline was inherited, as the job was passed on through generations.
- 藩主・細川忠利の父である忠興が隠居城とした肥後八代城は薩摩の島津氏に対する押さえの役割を持ち、特に一国一城令の例外とされていたが、正保3年(1646年)には興長が八代城を預かることになり、以後代々松井家が八代城代を務めた。
- After his retirement, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, the father of the lord Tadatoshi HOSOKAWA, resided in the Yatsushiro-jo Castle; since the castle functioned as the barrier that prevented the invasion of the Shimazu clan, it was regarded as an exception of the Ikkoku Ichijo Law (according to it, one province can keep only one castle); in 1646, Okinaga MATSUI was ordered to retain this castle, and from then on, the Matsuki clan served as a keeper of Yatsushiro-jo Castle.
- ただ、このときの源義朝と、常重から相馬郷の新券(証文)を責め取った下総守藤原親通の利害関係はよく判らないが、元木泰雄は下総守藤原親通が摂関家に従属する位置にあったので、大殿・藤原忠実の権威を利用して押さえたと想定している。
- It is uncertain, however, what interests MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo and the Shimosa no kami FUJIWARA no Chikamichi, who compelled Tsuneshige to acquire a deed of the Soma-go village, had at that occasion, but Yasuo MOTOKI assumes that since the Shimosa no kami FUJIWARA no Chikamichi was in a position dependent of Sekkan-ke (the families which produced the regent and the chief adviser to the Emperor), he captured the mikuriya using the authority of his head master FUJIWARA no Tadazane.
- この騒ぎの最中の阿久里が実家である広島藩三次藩の前藩主浅野長照(藩主浅野長澄は国許三次にいた)が阿久里を引き取るべく、幕府の許可を得たうえで大橋忠兵衛孝次(同藩先手頭)木村吉左衛門定重(同藩持筒頭)らを上屋敷に派遣してきた。
- During this disturbance, the former lord of Sanji and Hiroshima domains Nagateru ASANO (the lord Nagasumi ASANO was in his hometown Sanji) requested to have Aguri back since it was her hometown and sent Takatsugi Chubei OHASHI (the head of the front line foot soldiers) and Sadashige Kichizaemon KIMURA (the head of the soldiers with guns) to Kamiyashiki after receiving permission from the bakufu.
- この事件は、格太郎の父忠告が忠敬の兄であり共に庶子でありながら病弱を理由として家督相続されず病没、そして金銭に困窮し、また弟賢次郎が華族待遇を受けられず軍夫として台湾に出兵し戦死したことによる度重なる恨みの末の犯行であった。
- This scandal occurred because of a long-standing grudge that Kakutaro held against Tadayuki, who was a younger brother of Kakutaro's father (Tadatsugu), as a result of Tadatsugu not being allowed to take over as head of the family due to his poor health, despite Tadatsugu and Tadayuki having both been born out of wedlock, and later dying of illness; this led to Kakutaro suffering economic hardships and his younger brother Kenjiro, who was not granted a peerage, going to war in Taiwan as a private soldier where he later died.
- しかし、忠平の後に実際に政務をリードしたのは太政官筆頭である左大臣藤原実頼であり、村上治世を天皇親政の理想の時代とするのは、11世紀以降に摂関政治で不遇をかこった中下流の文人貴族による意識的な喧伝だったのだと考えられている。
- However, the person who led the governance after Tadahira was the head of Daijokan (Department of State) and also Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) FUJIWARA no Saneyori, and it is thought to have been conscious propaganda to admire Murakami's reign as the ideal of imperial governance by the middle- and lower-ranked literary nobility in and after 11th century.
- 武士、または武士団の結合度は、「忠君孝親」というような江戸時代に儒教から輸入された武士道とは全く無縁であるのはもちろん、同じように武士道とは無縁であった戦国時代 (日本)のイメージからもほど遠く、極めて緩やかなものであった。
- The level of unification of bushi and bushidan was very mild and completely unrelated to bushidan imported from Confucianism during the Edo period such as 'be faithful to one's master and be dutiful to one's parents' as well as being far from the image of Sengoku period (Japan).
- これには「無二無三」に主人に奉公す、といい観念的なものに留まる「忠」「義」を批判するくだりや、普段から「常住死身に成る」「死習う」といったことが説かれていたが、藩政批判などもあったせいか禁書に付され広く読まれることは無かった。
- In this book it was written serving 'nothing else' but a lord and criticized ideological 'loyalty' and 'justice' and encouraged 'being ready to die any time' and 'learning death', but was banned probably due to its criticizing the administration of the domain and was not read widely.
- 野宮定逸は花山院定熙の孫だったが、父の花山院忠長が慶長14年(1609年)後陽成天皇の勅勘により蝦夷地(北海道)に流罪になったため(猪熊事件)、祖父に養育されて成人し、後水尾天皇の意向により祖父の養子縁組として野宮家を創立した。
- In 1609, Tadanaga KAZANIN was banished to Ezochi (Hokkaido) by Imperial order from Emperor Goyozei because of the Inokuma Incident, his son, Sadatoshi NONOMIYA was adopted and raised by his grandfather, Sadahiro KAZANIN, and later Emperor Gomizunoo allowed Sadatoshi to found the Nonomiya family.
- 9月29日、「広嗣は凶悪な逆賊である。狂った反乱を起こして人民を苦しめている。不孝不忠のきわみで神罰が下るであろう。これに従っている者は直ちに帰順せよ。広嗣を殺せば5位以上を授ける」との勅が九州諸国の官人、百姓にあてて発せられた。
- On October 28, the emperor issued an imperial decree to the government officials and farmers in Kyushu provinces, stating 'Hirotsugu was a gyakuzoku (rebel). He was making people suffer by raising unjustifiable rebellions. He would incur divine punishment due to extreme disloyalty. Those who followed him should return to their former allegiance immediately. If you killed Hirotsugu, you would receive goi (Fifth Rank) or higher.'
- 説話集にも受領の実相が描かれており、『今昔物語集』の信濃国守藤原陳忠の説話(「受領は倒るるところに土をつかめ」という文句が知られている)や、『宇治拾遺物語』の藤原利仁の説話(芥川龍之介の『芋粥』の元となった)などの例が挙げられる。
- There were many realistic episodes about the zuryo in collections of tales, such as an episode about FUJIWARA no Nobutada, Shinano no kuni no kami (Governor of Shinano Province) in 'Konjaku Monogatari-shu' (The Tale of Times Now Past), in which a phrase 'a zuryo must grasp even dirt where he falls' is included, and that of FUJIWARA no Toshihito in 'Uji Shui Monogatari' (Collected Tales from Uji), which later inspired Ryunosuke AKUTAGAWA to write 'Imogayu'(Sweet-Potato Gruel).
- 天誅組の変(てんちゅうぐみのへん)は、幕末の文久3年(1863年)8月17日 (旧暦)に吉村寅太郎をはじめとする尊皇攘夷派浪人の一団(天誅組)が公卿中山忠光を主将として大和国で決起し、後に江戸幕府軍の討伐を受けて壊滅した事件である。
- Tenchu-gumi Incident ('Tenchu-gumi no hen' in Japanese) was an incident that occurred at the end of the Edo period; it was carried out by a group of people called Tenchu-gumi (Heavenly Avenging Force) consisting of a bunch of ronin (masterless samurai) who were Sonno Joi ha (supporters of the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians) including Torataro YOSHIMURA; this group rose to action in Yamato Province having a court noble Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA as the commander-in-chief on September 29, 1863 and was subsequently put down and destroyed by the army of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by the shogun).
- 長禄の変(ちょうろくのへん)は、室町時代の長禄元年12月2日 (旧暦)(1457年12月27日)に赤松家遺臣らが後南朝の行宮を襲い、南朝の皇胤である尊秀王と忠義王(後南朝の征夷大将軍である)の兄弟を騙し討って、神璽を持ち去った事件。
- Choroku no hen was an incident that occurred on December 27, 1457 during the Muromachi period when former retainers of the Akamatsu family attacked angu (emperor's temporary palace) of Gonancho (Second Southern Court), made a surprise assault on the brothers of Sonshuo and Chugio who were descendants of the Southern Court emperor (the latter was a seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians' of the Southern Court), and took away Shinji (the sacred jewel).
- 豊臣方の真田信繁・毛利勝永・大野治房などの突撃により幕府方の大名・侍大将に死傷者が出たり、家康・秀忠本陣は大混乱に陥るなどしたが、兵力に勝る幕府軍は次第に混乱状態から回復し態勢を立て直し、豊臣軍は多くの将兵を失って午後三時頃には壊滅。
- Charges by Nobushige SANADA, Katsunaga MORI, Harufusa ONO and so on on the Toyotomi side killed and injured daimyo, officers and soldiers on the bakufu side and put the headquarters of Ieyasu/Hidetada in a great confusion, however, the bakufu army surpassing in forces, gradually recovering from chaos, regained its balance, while the Toyotomi army, having lost many officers and soldiers, was destroyed at about 3:00 pm.
- 主な代表的な高札としては、寛文元年(1661年)の5枚の高札(撰銭、切支丹、火事場、駄賃、雑事)や正徳 (日本)元年(1711年)の5枚の高札(忠孝、切支丹、火付、駄賃、毒薬)、明治維新とともに新政府から出された五榜の掲示などがある。
- Most commonly known Kosatsu are 5 boards of Kosatsu published in 1661 ('Erizeni' for eliminating low quality money, 'Kirishitan,' [Christian] the ban of 'Christianity,' 'Kajiba,' the law at the scene of a fire for preventing theft at the scene, 'Dachin,' the law for money or goods for the purpose of reward and 'Zatsuji,' the law for personal affairs), 5 boards of Kosatsu published in 1771 ('Chuko,' the loyalty and filial piety, 'Kirishitan,' the ban of Christianity, 'Hitsuke,' the law at the scene of a fire, 'Dachin,' the law for money or goods for the purpose of reward and 'Dokuyaku, 'the law for treating poisons) and 5 posts on the streets released by a new government after the Meiji restoration.
- 現在では且元が家康の間諜を務めていたなどという説もあるが、且元は慶長19年(1614年)の鐘銘問題においても盛んに駿府の家康のもとに交渉に赴き、戦争回避などを努力していることから、彼はむしろ豊臣氏存続に心を砕いた忠臣だったと思われる。
- Although there are speculations today that Katsumoto provided intelligence to Ieyasu, he is believed to have been a faithful Toyotomi vassal that devoted himself to preserve Toyotomi clan, demonstrated by his diligent effort to avert warfare through frequent visits and talks with Ieyasu in Sunpu, over the Shomei issue of 1614.
- このとき本多正信や徳川四天王の一人・榊原康政などは寡兵の真田氏を侮ることはせず、上田城を黙殺して西軍との主戦場(関ヶ原)に急ぐべきだと進言するが、土井利勝を始めとする戦場に疎い将が多かったこともあり、秀忠の決断を覆すことは出来なかった。
- At this time, Masanobu HONDA and one of Tokugawa-shitenno (four generals serving Ieyasu TOKUGAWA) Yasumasa SAKAKIBARA, and others proposed that they should not downgrade the outnumbered Sanada clan, but pass Ueda-jo castle in silence and hurry to the major battlefield against the Western Camp (Sekigahara), but because there were many generals who were unfamiliar with battlefields including Toshikatsu DOI, they could not reverse Hidetada's decision.
- 朝鮮選出議員としては、尹致昊、金明濬(金田明)、韓相龍、宋鍾憲(野田鍾憲)伯爵(朝鮮貴族)、朴相駿(朴沢相駿)、李軫鎬(李家軫鎬)、朴重陽(朴忠重陽)及び李埼鎔子爵(朝鮮貴族)が、台湾選出議員としては、許丙、緑野竹二郎及び林献堂がいる。
- Korean Councilors were Chiho YUN, 金明濬, Sangyong HAN, Count 宋鍾憲 (Korean peerage), 朴相駿, Jonho LEE, Jungyang PAK and Viscount Kiyong YI (Korean peerage); and Taiwanese Chokusen councilors were Bing XU, Mingsan CHIEN and Xiantong LIN.
- 天正元年(1572年)以降、織田信忠を筆頭に池田恒興、森長可(森成利の兄)、河尻秀隆らを主力とする、いわゆる「信忠軍団」が編成されており(池田は後に軍団を離脱→摂津へ)、主に、東美濃に勢力を張っていた武田の影響を排除する戦いをしていた。
- From 1572 onward, an army corps led by Nobutada ODA, Tsuneoki IKEDA, Nagayoshi MORI (Naritoshi MORI's elder brother) and Hidetaka KAWAJIRI, which was known as Nobutada's corps (Tsuneoki IKEDA later withdrew from the corps and moved to Settsu Province), was fighting against the Takeda clan in order to prevent the expansion of Takeda's territory into the eastern Mino Province.
- 源頼朝から源実朝までの三代の源氏将軍の時代、鎌倉殿と同族の源氏一門は狭義には河内源氏、広義には清和源氏に広く存在したが、鎌倉殿への忠勤の姿勢を重んじ、同族に対す甘えを許さず、すべての源氏一門が鎌倉殿の親族として処遇されたわけではなかった。
- In the period of three generations of the Genji shogunate family, from MINAMOTO no Yoritomo to MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, the Genji clans that belonged to the same clan of Kamakura-dono existed in the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan) in a restricted sense and in Seiwa-Genji in a broad sense, but not all Genji clans were always treated as the family of Kamakura-dono because the loyalty to Kamakura-dono was highly valued and dependence on the family was not permitted.
- 武家諸法度とは、江戸幕府が慶長16年(1611年)に諸大名から誓紙を取り付けた3ヶ条に、金地院崇伝が起草した10ヶ条を付け加えたもので、元和 (日本)元年(1615年)7月に2代将軍の徳川秀忠が伏見城で諸大名に発布した(通称「元和令」)。
- Buke Shohatto consisted of the three articles of written oath which the Edo bakufu ordered territorial lords to write in 1611, plus ten articles written by Konchiin Suden which were added later, and in July 1615 Hidetada TOKUGAWA, the second shogun, issued it to territorial lords in Fushimi-jo Castle (it is also commonly known as 'Genna rei' (Genna code)).
- 当初事件の主犯とされた義家の次弟の源義綱が義忠の養子源為義(源義親の五男)の討伐を受けて壊滅、また事件後真犯人がもう一人の弟(三弟)源義光であったことが明らかになるなど、源氏内部の内紛・衰退がさらに明白になり、源氏の権勢はしばらく失墜した。
- At first, MINAMOTO no Yoshitsuna, the second younger brother of Yoshiie, was considered to be the main culprit, and was annihilated in the punitive expedition by MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, the adopted son of Yoshitada (the fifth son of MINAMOTO no Yoshichika), and after the incident, MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu, another younger brother (the third younger brother) was found to be the real culprit, which made internal troubles and decline of Genji more apparent and its power was lost for a while.
- この両論に疑問を表明したのは後藤守一、原田大六、森浩一、伝世鏡論に疑問や同笵鏡の分有関係の解釈について斎藤忠、系統的・理論的に批判した内藤晃、鏡の賜与だけをもって大和政権と地方首長との政治関係の成立を考察するのは困難とする西嶋定生などがいた。
- Shuichi GOTO, Dairoku HARADA and Koichi MORI raised questions regarding the two theories, Tadashi SAITO posed questions regarding Densei-kyo mirror ron and the explanation of the fact that Dohan-kyo mirrors were owned by more than one owner, Akira NAITO criticized the theories systematically and theoretically, Sadao NISHIJIMA insisted that the establishment of a political relationship between the YAMATO Administration and heads of local governments cannot be explained only in accordance of mirrors.
- 大和国の豪族・小川弘光とともに、吉野の奥で北山・川上に本拠を置いていた後南朝の行宮を長禄元年12月2日_(旧暦)(1457年12月27日)に襲撃、南朝の皇胤である自天王と忠義王(後南朝の征夷大将軍である)の兄弟を討ち倒して、神璽を持ち去った。
- Together with Hiromitsu OGAWA, gozoku (powerful kin group) in Yamato Province, the retainers attacked the angu of the Gonancho, based in Kitayama and Kawakami deep in Yoshino, on December 27, 1457, they defeated the brothers of Jitenno and Chugio who were descendants of the Southern Court emperor (the latter was a seii taishogun of the Gonancho), and took away the Shinji.
- このときの「彼らは常に口を開けば、直ちに忠愛を唱へ、恰も忠君愛国の一手専売の如く唱へておりますが—(中略)—玉座を以て胸壁となし、詔勅を以て弾丸に代へて政敵を倒さんとするものではないか」のフレーズで知られる尾崎行雄の桂首相弾劾演説は有名である。
- On this occasion, Yukio OZAKI made a well-known address calling for the impeachment of Prime Minister Katsura, saying, 'when he and his fellows open their mouths, they speak about loyalty to the Emperor and patriotism as if they had a monopoly on these qualities,... but I suspect they use the imperial throne as a bulwark to defend themselves from attack by their political opponents, and use imperial edicts (Shochoku) as political bullets with which to topple their opponents.'
- 清洲織田氏の三家老の一人であった弾正忠家の織田信定とその子の織田信秀はその才智と経済力を背景に主家を凌ぐ力をつけ、信秀の代には活発に軍事行動を展開し尾張統一を進めるとともに、美濃国の斎藤氏や三河国の松平氏、駿河国の今川氏と抗争し、武威を示した。
- Nobusada ODA of the Oda Danjo no jo family, which was one of three Karo (chief retainers) of the Kiyosu Oda clan and his son Nobuhide ODA got stronger than the main family due to their wisdom and economic power, Nobuhide stepped up his military operations and struggled for unification of Owari Province, and contended with the Saito clan in Mino Province, the Matsudaira clan in Mikawa Province and the Imagawa clan in Suruga Province to raise military prestige.
- 羽織のダンダラは忠臣蔵の赤穂浪士が吉良邸に討ち入りするときに着ていた羽織の柄で、浅葱色は武士が切腹の時に着る切腹裃の色だと伝えられているが、羽織は実際には最初の1年ほどで廃止されたらしく、池田屋事件の時に着用していたとする証言が最後の記録である。
- The mountain-like patterns on short coats are those of Ako Roshi of Chushingura, when they marched into and attacked the KIRA residence, and very light blue is said to be the color of the seppuku kamishimo worn by a samurai when he commits hara-kiri, but the short coats of Shinsen-gumi seem to have been abolished after the 1st year, and the last recorded instance of the coats being worn was in the Ikedaya Incident.
- 平氏一門のうち宗盛、清宗、それに平家と行動をともにしていた平時忠(二位ノ尼の弟)、平時実、平信基、藤原尹明といった廷臣、能円、全真、良弘、忠快、行命といった僧侶、平盛国、平盛澄、源季貞らの武将、大納言典侍、帥典侍、治部卿局らの女房が捕虜となっている。
- Of the Taira clan those taken prisoner included Munemori and Kiyomune; the courtiers TAIRA no Tokitada (Tokiko's younger brother), TAIRA no Tokizane, TAIRA no Nobumoto, and FUJIWARA no Tadaaki, who had acted in support of the main Taira clan; the Buddhist priests Noen, Zenshin, Ryoko, Chukai, and Gyomei; the military commanders TAIRA no Morikuni, TAIRA no Morizumi, and MINAMOTO no Suesada; and among the women, FUJIWARA no Sukeko (known as the Lady-in-Waiting to the Chief Councillor of State (Dainagon)), FUJIWARA no Muneko (the Lady-in-Waiting to the governor), and the Lady-in-Waiting to the Lord of the Office of Governance.
- 更に公任の作成した「部類」の一部も公任娘婿の藤原教通の家に置かれたときに火災に遇い焼失(『小右記』長和4年4月13日条)し、その後残りとされる6巻が小野宮家の藤原顕仲から藤原宗忠(『中右記』の著者)に材木と引き換えに譲り受け、後に白河法皇に貸し出された。
- Furthermore, a part of the 'Burui' that Kinto made was destroyed in a fire when it was kept in the house of FUJIWARA no Norimichi (according to ''Shoyuki'' May 9, 1015) who was Kinto's adopted son-in-law, and later the 6 volumes that were assumed to be remains of the 'Burui,' were handed over to FUJIWARA no Munetada (the author of 'Chuyuki') from FUJIWARA no Akinaka in exchange for lumber, and later were lent to Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa.
- 本書はセオドア・ルーズベルト、ジョン・F・ケネディ大統領など米国の政治家のほか、ボーイスカウト創立者のロバート・ベーデン・パウエルなど、多くの海外の読者を得て、逆輸入される形で新渡戸門下生の矢内原忠雄の訳により日本語版が出版され「武士道」ブームを起こした。
- The book was read by a lot of people abroad including American politicians such as Theodore Roosevelt, presiding John F. Kennedy and a founder of Boy Scout Robert Baden-Powell and the Japanese version translated by Tadao YANAIHARA who was a disciple of Nitobe that was published by reimport and created a boom in 'Bushido'.
- 経忠の孫の藤原信隆は生前は正三位非参議止まりであったが、安徳天皇が伊勢平氏一門とともに都落ちすると、信隆の娘で高倉天皇の典侍となっていた藤原殖子(七条院)所生の後鳥羽天皇(後鳥羽天皇)が皇位を継承し、後鳥羽天皇の外祖父にあたる信隆は従一位左大臣を追贈された。
- Tsunetada's grandson FUJIWARA no Nobutaka was only able to rise during his lifetime as far as Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and was not assigned a court position, but after Emperor Antoku fled the capital along with the Ise-Heishi (Taira clan), the throne passed to Emperor Gotoba--who had been born of FUJIWARA no Shokushi (whose religious name was Shichijoin), Nobutaka's daughter and a onetime lady-in-waiting to Emperor Takakura--whereupon Nobutaka, Emperor Gotoba's maternal grandfather, was posthumously promoted to Juichii (Junior First Rank) and given the position of Sadaijin (Minister of the Left).
- 西欧のフューダリズムで複数の契約関係や、短期間での契約破棄・変更がみられたのと同様、日本でも実際のところ戦国時代 (日本)まで主従関係は流動的なものであり、「二君にまみえず」という語に示されるような主君への強い忠誠が求められたのは、江戸時代に入ってからである。
- Similar to the Western feudalism, under which multiple contractual relationships and dissolution/alteration of contracts were seen, in Japan, the master-and-servant relationship was fluid and unshaken loyalty as shown in the saying ' A faithful retainer will never serve two masters' was not required until the Edo period.
- ちなみに、光謙は昭和19年(1944年)11月29日に死去した、江戸時代の藩主の中でもっとも長寿の人物であった(但し、光謙の時代には既に版籍奉還が行われており、上総請西藩の林忠崇(戊辰戦争で幕府側について改易、昭和16年死去)を「最後の藩主」とするのが通説である)。
- In addition, Mitsunori who died on November 29, 1944 lived longer than any other lord of the domain in the Edo period (however, since the return of lands and people to the emperor was implemented during the era of Mitsunori, it is a popular theory to consider Tadataka HAYASHI of the Jozai Domain, Kazusa Province - he became subject to Kaieki [forfeit rank of Samurai and properties] because he was on the side of the bakufu in the Boshin Civil War, and died in 1941 - as the 'last lord of domain').
- また、討ち入りの時に生き残ってしまったために「途中で逃げ出した」とする悪評を立てられた吉良家家老の左右田孫兵衛は、討ち入り後も配流された吉良義周のために尽くし、その死後は生涯他家への仕官を断ったことから、吉良家への忠節を尽くした家臣とみなされ汚名は除かれたと言われる。
- Chief retainer of the Kira family Magobe SODA was rumored to have run away in the middle of the battle since he survived the raid; however, he proved himself to be a loyal retainer by refusing to work for anyone else but Yoshimasa KIRA for the rest of his life even after Kira's exile, and gained his reputation back.
- 浅野内匠頭は芝愛宕下(現東京都港区 (東京都)新橋 (東京都港区))の田村建顕(陸奥国一関藩)屋敷にお預けとなり、庄田安利(大目付)、多門重共(目付)、大久保忠鎮(目付)らが到着して浅野内匠頭を呼び出したのが六つ過(午後6時過ぎ)、切腹は六つ半(午後7時前後)といわれる。
- Asano Takumi no Kami was taken to Tatsuaki TAMURA's residence (domain of Ichinoseki in Mutsu Province) in Shibaatagoshita (current location of Shinbashi, Minato Ward, Tokyo) and was summoned and committed seppuku around 7 p.m. upon the arrival of Yasutoshi SHODA (ometsuke), Shigetomo OKADO (inspector) and Tadashige OKUBO (inspector) past 6 p.m.
- 朝廷内部では長州勢の駆逐を求める強硬派と宥和派が対立し、禁裏御守衛総督を勤める一橋慶喜(徳川慶喜)は退兵を呼びかけるが、京都蛤御門(京都市上京区)付近で長州藩兵が、会津・桑名藩・薩摩各藩の諸隊と衝突、尊皇攘夷を唱える長州勢は壊滅、来島又兵衛、久坂玄瑞、寺島忠三郎らは戦死した。
- Within the Imperial Court, there was a struggle between hard-liners that wanted to destroy Choshu's military force and others who wished to appease them, while Keiki HITOTSUBASHI (later known as Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA), who served as Viceroy and Protector of the Imperial Palace, called on the soldiers to withdraw, but the Choshu soldiers clashed with various groups of samurai warriors from Aizu, Kuwana, and Satsuma clans near Kyoto's Hamaguri Gate (in the Kamigyo ward of modern-day Kyoto); but the forces of Choshu, chanting their Revere the Emperor slogan, were annihilated, and Matabe KIJIMA, Gensui KUSAKA, and Chusaburo TERAJIMA were among those who died in battle.
- しかし、その妻総心尼(忠政の次男水野信元の娘、家康の従兄弟にあたる)は、中山光勝(五郎左衛門、父は岩滑城主中山勝時)の養子であり、総心尼の妹(名前は明らかではない)の実子である新七郎を養子として迎え、同家を再興し、新七郎は水野保雅を名乗り、彼とその子孫は尾張藩に仕えて幕末に至った。
- His wife, Soshin-ni (a daughter of Tadamasa's second son Nobumoto MIZUNO, and Ieyasu's cousin), an adopted daughter of Mitsukatsu (Gorozaemon) NAKAYAMA (a son of the lord of Yanabe-jo Castle, Katsutoki NAKAYAMA), revived her husband's family line by adopting Shinshichiro, the biological son of her younger sister (her name is uncertain), who used the name Yasumasa MIZUNO; he and his descendants served in the Owari Domain until the end of the Edo period.
- ノルマントン号事件(Normanton Incident)とは、1886年(明治19年)10月24日にイギリス船籍の貨物船、ノルマントン号(Normanton、より英語に忠実な表記は「ノーマントン」)が、紀伊国沖(和歌山県東牟婁郡串本町潮岬沖)で座礁沈没した事から始まった事件である。
- The Normanton Incident refers to an event that occurred when the Normanton, a cargo ship of British registry, ran aground and sank off the coast of Kii Province(Cape Shiono-misaki, Kushimoto Town, Higashimuro County, Wakayama Prefecture) on October 24, 1886.
- 円融もこのような権力の空白状況のなかで、新皇統を確立する可能性のある候補者として注目され、藤原兼通(師輔の次男)の娘藤原こう子、藤原頼忠(実頼の長男)の娘藤原遵子、藤原兼家(師輔の三男)の娘東三条院ら、皇后となり皇太子を産むにふさわしい身分の妻と有力な外戚の後ろ盾を得ることができた。
- In this situation where there was a power vacuum, Enyu attracted attention as a candidate to establish a new Imperial lineage and was able to obtain wives with high lineage who could become empress and give birth to a crown prince, such as FUJIWARA no Kanemichi (Morosuke's second son)'s daughter, FUJIWARA no Koshi,FUJIWARA no Yoritada (Saneyori's first son)'s daughter, FUJIWARA no Junshi, FUJIWARA no Kaneie (Morosute's third son)'s daughter, Higashisanjyoin and also the support of influential maternal relatives.
- 義光の4男山野辺義忠は最終的には水戸藩の家老に抜擢され、子孫は代々世臣として藩政に重きをなした(テレビ時代劇「水戸黄門 (パナソニック ドラマシアター)」において大友柳太朗・高松英郎・丹波哲郎らが演じた、水戸藩の口うるさい国家老「山野辺兵庫」は、義忠の子の山野辺義堅をモデルにしている)。
- Yoshitada YAMANOBE, the fourth son of Yoshiaki, was finally promoted to Karo (chief retainer) of Mito Province, and his descendents served as vassals and played an important role in the domain duties ('Hyogo YAMANOBE,' the captious kunigaro [the chief retainer in charge of the fief in the absence of the lord] of Mito Province, who was played by Ryutaro OTOMO, Hideo TAKAMATSU, or Tetsuro TANBA, in the TV historical play 'Mitokomon' (Panasonic drama theater) modeled after Yoshikata YAMANOBE, a son of Yoshitada).
- 8日、開戦に積極的で無かったとされる慶喜は大坂城におり、旧幕府軍の敗戦が決定的となり、7日には慶喜に対して追討令が出た報を聞くと、その夜僅かな側近及び老中・板倉勝静、同・酒井忠惇、会津藩主・松平容保・桑名藩主・松平定敬と共に密かに城を脱し、大阪湾に停泊中の幕府軍艦・開陽丸で江戸に退却した。
- Yoshinobu, who is said to have not actively supported starting a war, stayed at Osaka Castle when the defeat of the former Shogunate forces was imminent and he was informed of the issuing of the punitive order against him on February 7; that night Yoshinobu secretly escaped from the castle and retreated to Edo on the Shogunate warship Kaiyo Maru on February 8, which had been anchored at Osaka Bay, along with a few of his close aides as well as Katsukiyo ITAKURA (a senior councilor), Tadato SAKAI (a senior councilor), Katamori MATSUDAIRA (the lord of the Aizu domain) and Sadaki MATSUDAIRA (the lord of the Kuwana domain).
- この年に南宋を完全征服した元は、日本との同盟や南宋への牽制の必要もなくなった(後項参照)うえ、クビライは逃げ出した水夫より使者の処刑の報を知り、特に、通常の使者よりも高位(礼部侍郎)であった杜世忠の処刑に腹を立て、日本への再度の侵攻を計画し、1280年には侵攻準備のため征東行省を設置している。
- The conquest of the Southern Sung Dynasty in that year made it unnecessary for the Yuan Dynasty to align itself with Japan or warn against the Southern Sung Dynasty (refer to the relative paragraph described below), and further, Kublai became upset by the information brought by an escaped sailor about the execution of the envoys, particularly of Shizhong DU, who held a higher position (assistant minister of rites) than usual envoys, and consequently he planned to invade Japan again and in 1280 established the Eastern Expedition Field Headquarters to prepare for the invasion.
- 内容は「行家義経に同意して天下を乱さんとする凶臣」である平親宗・高階泰経ら12名の解官、議奏公卿10名による朝政の運営(九条兼実・徳大寺実定・三条実房・藤原宗家・中山忠親・藤原実家・源通親・吉田経房・藤原雅長・藤原兼光)、兼実への内覧宣下だった(『吾妻鏡』12月6日条、『玉葉』12月27日条)。
- The demand consisted of the removal of 12 'evil subjects trying to disturb the world in agreement with Yukiie and Yoshitsune' such as TAIRA no Chikamune and TAKASHINA no Yasutsune, governmental management by the Imperial Court by 10 giso kugyo (Noble Council) (Kanezane KUJO, Sanesada TOKUDAIJI, Sanefusa SANJO, FUJIWARA no Muneie, Tadachika NAKAYAMA, FUJIWARA no Saneie, MINAMOTO no Michichika, Tsunefusa YOSHIDA, FUJIWARA no Masanaga, and FUJIWARA no Kanemitsu), and the Imperial edict of inspection to Kanezane (the item of December six of 'Azuma Kagami' [The Mirror of the East], the item of December 27 of 'Gyokuyo' [Diary of Kanezane KUJO]).
- 保元の乱における源為義・平忠正、平治の乱における源義平・藤原信頼、源平合戦では平能宗、本能寺の変における斎藤利三、関ヶ原の戦いにおける石田三成・小西行長・安国寺恵瓊、大坂の役における長宗我部盛親・仙石秀範・豊臣国松らをはじめとする大阪方の残党など、著名な武将や政治家がここで最期の時を迎えている。
- Famous busho (Japanese military commanders) and politicians who met their end here included MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi and TAIRA no Tadamasa in the Hogen War, MINAMOTO no Yoshihira and FUJIWARA no Nobuyori in the Heiji War, TAIRA no Yoshimune in the Genpei War, Toshimitsu SAITO in the Honnoji Incident, Mitsunari ISHIDA, Yukinaga KONISHI and Ekei ANKOKUJI in the Battle of Sekigahara, and the remnants from the Osaka (Toyotomi) side including Morichika CHOSOKABE, Hidenori SENGOKU and Kunimatsu TOYOTOMI in the Siege of Osaka.
- また、『高麗史』金方慶伝によると、高麗は軍船を建造するのに「蛮様」(南宋様式)の船にしたのでは建設費がかさみ期限には間に合わないので、高麗様式の船を造船したとされており、軍船の準備が整っているので日本を征服しましょうとの忠烈王によるクビライへの進言は実態とまったく異なることであったことが記されている。
- Meanwhile, the records on Bang-gyeong KIM in 'Koraishi' says that Goryeo constructed the warships in Goryeo style, because constructing them in Southern Sung style was too expensive and would not be completed in time, and the situation was totally different from that suggested by King Chungnyeol, who told Kublai that the warships were ready to conquer Japan.
- 道徳大系としての武士道とは「君に忠、親に孝、自らを節すること厳しく、下位の者に仁慈を以てし、敵には憐みをかけ、私欲を忌み、公正を尊び、富貴よりも名誉を以て貴しとなす」。 ひいては「家名の存続」という儒教的態度が底流に流れているものが多く、それは江戸期に思想的隆盛を迎え、武士道として体系付けられるに至る。
- Bushido as a moral system is 'being loyal to one's lord, being dutiful to one's parents, controlling oneself strictly, being merciful to those of lower rank, having sympathy to the enemy, abstaining from selfish desire, respecting justice and respecting honor more than wealth.' Many of those who followed the Bushido code also possessed a Confucian attitude of 'continuance of family name,' which prospered during the Edo period and was formulated as Bushido.
- 参加者はこの他に良基の2子である二条師良・二条師嗣、猶子四辻善成、叔父今小路良冬、五条為邦、松殿忠嗣、今川貞世、吉田兼煕、冷泉為邦(為秀の子)、東坊城長綱・東坊城秀長親子、宗久、頓阿・経賢親子、安倍宗時・羽淵宗信・丹波嗣長・丹波守長・鷹司忠頼・月輪家尹・頓乗(中御門俊顕)・薀堅(武藤為用)の計23名であった。
- Other than these two persons, twenty-three participated in the event including Yoshimoto's son Moroyoshi NIJO and Morotsugu NIJO, his adopted son Yoshinari YOTSUTSUJI, his uncle Yoshifuyu IMAKOJI, Tamekuni GOJO, Tadatsugu MATSUDONO, Sadayo IMAGAWA, Kanehiro YOSHIDA, Tamekuni REIZEI (Tamehide's son), Nagatsuna HIGASHIBOJO and his son Hidenaga HIGASHIBOJO, Sokyu, Tona and his son Keiken, Munetoki ABE, Munenobu HABUCHI, Tsuunaga TANBA, Morinaga TANBA, Tadayori TAKATSUKASA, Ietada TSUKINOWA, Tonjo (Toshiaki NAKAMIKADO) and Onken (Tamenori MUTO).
- その背景について、幼少の清和天皇が外祖父藤原良房の政治権力によって、異母兄惟喬親王を推す世論に反して擁立されたことに由来する政治基盤の不安定さを克服するために、幼い天皇の君徳の涵養を図るとともに、天皇への忠誠を官人教育を通じて強く認識させる目的によって、藤原良房と大春日雄継が導入を図ったものと考えられている。
- It is believed that FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa and OKASUGA no Otsugu adopted this edition with the purpose of giving government officials an official education to foster allegiance to the Emperor, as well as to foster 'Kuntoku no Kanyo' in the young Emperor Seiwa, thereby tried to overcome the instability of political foundation, which was caused by the enthroning of the infant Emperor Seiwa, with the help of the political power of his maternal grandfather, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa, against public opinion that pushed for his paternal older half-brother, Imperial Prince Koretaka.
- 文久3年(1863年)8月大和国では公卿中山忠光、吉村寅太郎・池内蔵太(土佐藩士)、松本奎堂(三河刈谷藩士)、藤本鉄石(岡山藩士)、さらには河内国の大地主水郡善之祐らも加わった天誅組の変が勃発し、続いて但馬国では沢宣嘉(前年京都から追放された七卿の一人)・平野国臣(福岡藩士)らによる生野の変が連鎖的に発生した。
- In August 1868, the Tenchu-gumi incident was caused in Yamato Province by Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA, Kugyo (the top court officials), Torataro YOSHIMURA, Kurata IKEUCHI (the Tosa clan), Keido MATSUMOTO (the Mikawa Kariya clan), Tesseki FUJIMOTO (the Okayama clan), and Zennosuke NIGORI, a powerful landlord in Kawachi Province, and this rapidly led to Nobuyoshi SAWA (one of the seven court nobles who were exiled from Kyoto in the previous year) and Kuniomi HIRANO (the Fukuoka clan) causing the Ikuno incident in Tajima Province.
- 『高麗史』によると1272年に、高麗の王世子の諶(しん、後の忠烈王)が、元 (王朝)のクビライ皇帝に「惟んみるに、日本は未だに聖化を蒙らず。故に詔使を発し、軍容を継耀かし、戦艦兵糧まさに、須いる所あらん、もし此事を以って臣に委ねなば、勉めて心力を尽くして 小しく王師を助くるに庶幾(ちか)からん」と具申したとある。
- According to 'Koraishi,' in 1272, Crown Prince Sim of Goryeo (later King Chungnyeol) gave his opinion to Emperor Kublai of the Yuan Dynasty, 'I think that Japan has not yet leant the virtues of the Emperor. Therefore, an imperial order should be issued to use the army, warships and provisions for this purpose. If you commission your vassals to do it, we will do our best to support the imperial army.'
- 江戸初期には、徳川将軍家である徳川宗家に尾張徳川家と紀州徳川家を加えた三家を御三家と呼ぶこともあり、また尾張家、紀州家に駿河徳川家(徳川忠長・駿河大納言、徳川秀忠の3男、松平姓とも)を加えた3つの大納言家(水戸家は中納言家)を指して御三家という場合もあり、水戸家は尾張・紀州と較べるとやや家格が劣ると見られていた。
- In the early Edo period, the three families, consisting of the Tokugawa head family, along with the Owari-Tokugawa and Kishu-Tokugawa families, were sometimes called Gosanke, and the three dainagon (major counselor) families consisting of the Owari and Kishu families, with the addition of the Suruga-Tokugawa family (Tadanaga TOKUGAWA, the major counselor of Suruga, the third son of Hidetada TOKUGAWA, also called MATSUDAIRA), were also sometimes called Gosanke, although the Mito family was the family of chunagon (middle counselor) and considered lower in family status than the Owari and Kishu families.
- 男鹿半島の領主として確認される安藤孫五郎、安東太の両者や、「市川湊文書」に含まれている寺社修造棟札写に残る寂蔵、安倍忠季、安倍浄宗等が鹿季の南遷と伝えられている時代以前に遡れること、湊家以前の男鹿半島の領主を女川家と伝える伝承があること等から、湊家の成立と伝えられる以前に安東一族が秋田郡に土着していた可能性を指摘する見解
- The theory to point out the possibility that the Ando family had been already settled in Akita Country before the supposed time of the Minato family's establishment, based on such findings; the family's history can be dated back even earlier period than the time of Magogoro ANDO and Andota, both of whom are confirmed as the territorial lords of the Oga Peninsula, and also earlier than the time of the legendary Kanosue's Nansen (provincial capital's relocation to the south), about which Jakuzo, Tadasue ABE, Joso ABE, etc. described in the copy of Jisha shuzo munefuda (ridge tag with history of the reparation and construction of temples and shrines) compiled in 'Ichikawa Minato Monjo' (The letter of Ichikawa Minato), and that there is an oral tradition in which a family called the Onagawa family was the territorial lord of the Oga Peninsula before the Minato family.
- この時、薩軍の猛将永山弥一郎は「諸君何ぞ斯(かく)の如く怯なる、若し敵をして此地を奪はしめんか、熊本城外の我守兵を如何にせん、大事之に因て去らんのみ、生きて善士と称し、死して忠臣と称せらるゝは唯此時にあり、各死力を尽し刀折れ矢竭(つ)き而して後已(やまん)」(『薩南血涙史』)と激励したが、戦況を逆転することはできなかった。
- In this battle, Yaichiro NAGAYAMA, a brave general of the Satsuma army, encouraged his warriors through the following appeal but could not change the battle situation to their advantage: 'Why are you so cowardly?; If we allowed the enemy to seize this place, how the soldiers stationed outside Kumamoto Castle would become?; Only what is important is to defend this place to the last; It is for that achievement that you are to be praised as a good warrior, if alive, or a loyal retainer, if dead; Fight desperately until all of our weapons are used up' (according to 'Satsunan Ketsurui-shi' (the history of Satsunan full of blood and tears)).
- 当初は巨済島または鬱陵島の割譲を要求していたが、軍艦4隻と寺内正毅大隊長が率いる兵1500人が到着する6日前に、既に清国が反乱を鎮圧し、主導権を握っていたことと、アメリカ合衆国が軍艦を派遣し威圧をかけてきた事から交渉担当の花房義質李氏朝鮮公使は方針を変更させ、馬建忠(在朝清軍の隊長李鴻章の外交秘書)の仲介を経て上記の内容に落ち着いた。
- At first, Japan was demanding the cession of Geoje Island or Utsuryo Island, however, six days before the arrival of four warships and 1,500 soldiers led by Daitaicho (Battalion Chief) Masatake TERAUCHI, Qing had already subdued the rebellion and taken the initiative, and the United States of America had dispatched warships to put pressure on Japan, both of which led Yoshimoto HANABUSA, the Japanese Minister to Yi Dynasty Korea who was in charge of the negotiation, to change the original demands to the ones stipulated in the treaty, mediated by Jianzhong MA (a diplomatic secretary to Hung Chang LI, the captain of the army of Qing).
- 容易に李氏朝鮮の首都である漢城が陥落すると、日本の諸将は5月に漢城にて軍議を開き、各方面軍による八道国割と呼ばれる制圧目標を決めた(平安道から一番隊小西行長他、咸鏡道から二番隊加藤清正他、黄海道から三番隊黒田長政他、江原道から四番隊毛利吉成他、忠清道から五番隊福島正則他、全羅道から六番隊小早川隆景他、慶尚道から七番隊毛利輝元他、京畿道から八番隊宇喜多秀家他)。
- After Hancheong, which had been the capital of Yi Dynasty Korea, fell easily, Japanese commanders held a war council in June in Hancheong and determined targets of subjugation called Hachidokuniwari (literally, dividing the country into eight routes) by each corps (the First Division of Yukinaga KONISHI and others from Pyeongan Province, the Second Division of Kiyomasa KATO and others from Hangyong Province, the Third Division of Nagamasa KURODA and others from Hwanghae Province, the Forth Division of Yoshinari MORI and others from Gangwon Province; the Fifth Division of Masanori FUKUSHIMA and others from Chungcheong Province; the Sixth Division by Takakage KOBAYAKAWA and others from Jeolla Province, the Seventh Division by Terumoto MORI and others from Gyeongsang Province, and the Eighth Division of Hideie UKITA and others from Gyeonggi Province).
- 『』(巻之一)の「」によると、批判の評論は1873年(明治6年)から1874年(明治7年)にかけて激しくなり、「明治七年の末に至りては攻撃(こうげき)罵詈(ばり)の頂上(ちやうじやう)を極め遠近(ゑんきん)より脅迫状(けふはくじやう)の到來(たうらい)、友人の忠告(ちうこく)等今は殆んど身邊(しんぺん)も危(あやう)きほどの塲合(ばあい)に迫り」というほどであった。
- Critical reviews became rampant in 1873 to 1874, one account explains the situation as 'a barrage of severe criticisms became abusive at the end of 1874, and he received intimidating letters from across the country, even endangered his friends who tried to give advice to Fukuzawa.
- 3月16日 (旧暦)(4月23日)中に家財の積み出し作業も終わって赤穂藩士は全員鉄砲州の上屋敷から引き払い、申の刻(午後4時頃)には広島藩兵たちも引き上げて、戸田氏定がひとまずの管理者となったが、3月17日 (旧暦)(4月24日)には同屋敷は新しい主となった出羽国新庄藩主戸沢正誠に引き渡され、さらに3月22日 (旧暦)(4月27日)には小浜藩主酒井忠囿の屋敷となった。
- When they finished removing Asano's belongings on April 23 and retainers of Ako Domain as well as Hiroshima Domain left the Tepposhu Kamiyashiki by 4 p.m., Ujisada TODA became a temporal manager until it was handed over to the lord of Shinjo Domain, Dewa Province Masanobu TOZAWA on April 24, and it then became the residence for the lord of Obama Domain Tadasono SAKAI on April 27.
- この事件については歴史書『続日本紀』に詳細が書かれ、道鏡の政治的陰謀を阻止した和気清麻呂が「忠臣の鑑」として戦前の歴史教育においてしばしば取り上げられてきたが、既に江戸時代に本居宣長によって一連の神話的な事件の流れに懐疑的な説が唱えられ、近年には『続日本紀』の記事には光仁天皇の即位を正当化するための作為が含まれている(神託には皇位継承については触れられていない)とする説も存在する。
- The details of this incident are described in the history book 'Shoku Nihongi'; WAKE no Kiyomaro, who prevented a political conspiracy of Dokyo, was often taken up in history education in Japan before the Word War Ⅱas 'a model of royal subject'; however, during the Edo period Norinaga MOTOORI had already expressed his doubts on the credibility of the series of mythical incidents, and in recent years there exist views which advocate that the articles in 'Shoku Nihongi' include artifacts to justify the enthronement of Emperor Konin (the oracle does not touch on the succession to the Imperial Throne).
- 倒幕の功に応じて十分な恩賞を与えられた武士は、足利尊氏、新田義貞、楠木正成ら一部に過ぎず、最初から倒幕運動に加わって六波羅攻略に功を立てた赤松則村(円心)が播磨国の守護職を没収されたり、1つの土地に何人もの領主が現れて混乱するなど倒幕の功に対する恩賞が不公平で、新政の初期から武士の不満は強かったと推測され、後醍醐の近臣である吉田定房や千種忠顕が詰め腹を切らされる形で出家させられている。
- Those who were amply rewarded for their meritorious contribution to the shogunate's defeat--Takauji ASHIKAGA, Yoshisada NITTA, Masashige KUSUNOKI, etc.--were only a tiny fraction of those who fought, and Norimura (Enshin) AKAMATSU, who had joined the struggle to overthrow the shogunate from the very beginning, was forced to forfeit his Protectorship of Harima Province, and the chaos caused by situations, like when a single plot of land found itself with multiple owners, showed the unfairness of the system to reward distinguished service against the shogunate, making it likely that discontent against the new government was strong right from the beginning; but Emperor Godaigo's vassals Sadafusa YOSHIDA and Tadaaki CHIGUSA were made to take the blame for this situation and were driven out of office and forced to take the tonsure.
- 更に『兵範記』には久寿元年(1154年)の省試が、予め関白藤原忠通・左大臣藤原頼長・崇徳天皇、そして式部省・大学寮幹部の間で入分(合格)者の枠を配分した後に試験が実施された事実を記しているのである(大幅に時代が下るが、試験が全く形骸化した15世紀に書かれた『桂林遺芳抄』によれば、宣旨分(天皇)2・院御分(上皇・法皇)1・殿下分(摂政・関白)1・省官分(式部大輔・少輔)3・両博士分(文章博士2名)2・判儒分(試験官)3の入分枠が定められていたという)。
- Furthermore, 'Heihanki' (diary of TAIRA no Nobunori) tells that in the shoshi exams in 1154, certain numbers of seats had been allotted to Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) FUJIWARA no Tadamichi, Sadaijin (minister of the left) FUJIWARA no Yorinaga, the Emperor Sutoku, shikibusho and leaders of the daigakuryo beforehand, and they held the exams (a few centuries later, according to 'Keirinihosho' from the 15th century, the seats were allotted as follows: two for Senji (emperor), one for 院御 (the retired Emperor and the Cloistered Emperor), one for Denka (sessho and kanpaku), three for Shokan (Shikibu no taifu and Shikibu shoyu), two for two hakese (monjo hakese) and three for 判儒 (examiners)).
- また、上奏する資格も平安時代中期以後には天文博士を世襲した阿倍氏と局務の中原氏の両家のみに限定されるようになっていく(なお、中原氏の天文密奏は醍醐天皇の時代の中原以忠(後に天禄2年(972年)に宗家の中原有象とともに中原のカバネを与えられて同氏の祖となる)に遡り、同氏本来の外記の職務とは別に同氏が家学としていた明経道の出典である漢籍には天文現象の解釈に関する記述が含まれていることが多く、天文道に通じた人物を輩出することが多かった事によるとされている)。
- After the mid Heian period, such direct access to the emperor was only allowed to the Abe clan whose hereditary occupation was tenmon hakase and the Nakahara clan which was kyokumu (the chief secretary of the Daijokan, or Grand Council of State); incidentally, the Nakahara clan had assumed the role of tenmon misso from Mochitada NAKAHARA in the tenure of Emperor Daigo (afterwards in 972, he was granted the family name of NAKAHARA along with Uzo NAKAHARA [中原有象] of the head family and originated the clan), allegedly because, besides the clan's hereditary occupation of Geki [Secretary of the Grand Council of State], it inherited the family learning of Myogo-do [the study of Confucian classics] and used many Chinese classics as source books, many of which contained elucidation of astronomical phenomena so that the clan produced many persons well versed in tenmondo.
- 幕府軍によって変の首謀者たちが討たれ、剣が奪い返された後も神璽は後南朝に持ち去られたままであったが、1457年(長禄元年)に至って、1441年(嘉吉元年)の嘉吉の乱で取り潰された赤松氏の復興を願う赤松家遺臣の石見太郎、丹生屋帯刀、上月満吉らが、大和国・紀伊国国境付近の北山(奈良県吉野郡上北山村か)あるいは三之公(同郡川上村 (奈良県))に本拠を置いていた後南朝に臣従すると偽って後南朝勢力を襲い、南朝の末裔という自天王・忠義王兄弟を殺害して神璽を奪い返した(長禄の変)。
- Shogunal forces hunted down and executed the ringleaders of the Incident and recaptured the sword, but the Grand Jewels remained with the Gonancho forces who fled in 1457, the surviving retainers of the Akamatsu clan - which had been crushed in the Kakitsu Rebellion of 1441 - including Taro ISHIMI, Tatewaki NIUNOYA, and Mitsuyoshi KOZUKI, wishing to restore the Akamatsu clan's fortunes, went to the Gonancho headquarters at Kitayama near the provincial borders of Yamato and Kii Provinces (possibly referring to modern-day Kamikitayama village in Yoshino district, Nara Pref.), or perhaps at Sannoko (in Kawakami village of Yoshino district, Nara Pref.), and pretended to become vassals of the Gonancho before turning on them and striking down many of their forces, murdering Princes Jitenno and Tadayoshiten who were brothers and Imperial descendants of the Southern Court bloodline, before recapturing the Grand Jewels (in what became known as the Choroku Incident).