廿: 187 Terms and Phrases
- 廿
- twenty
- 20 years old
- Tsudzura
- Hatachi
- 廿樂
- Juuraku
- Tsudzura
- Niraku
- 廿楽
- Juuraku
- Tsuzura
- Tsudzura
- Tsuridzura
- Nishira
- Nijuuraku
- Niraku
- 廿山
- Tsudzuyama
- Hatachiyama
- 廿日
- twentieth day of the month
- twenty days
- Hatsuka
- Hatsukaichi
- 廿日鼠
- house mouse (Mus musculus)
- 廿軒家
- Nijikken'ya
- Nijitsuken'ya
- Nijuuken'ya
- 廿代町
- Nijuudaichou
- Nijuudaimachi
- 廿日市駅
- Hatsukaichi Station (st)
- 廿日市市
- Hatsukaichi (city)
- Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima
- 広電廿日市駅
- Hirodenhatsukaichi Station (st)
- 廿日市トンネル
- Hatsukaichi tunnel
- 廿日市市役所前駅
- Hatsukaichishiyakushomae Station (st)
- 中阿鋡経 第廿九
- 29th Chu-Agonkyo
- 「廿七日清水。」
- On the 27th in Shimizu.'
- 「廿六日三島。」
- On the 26th in Mishima.'
- 「廿八日掛川。」
- On the 28th in Kakegawa.'
- 弘法大師廿五箇条遺告
- Kobo-daishi's Will in 25 Articles
- 大毘婆沙論 巻第廿三
- Daibibasharon (Mahavibhasa Sastra): Vol. 23
- 慈恵大師廿六箇条起請
- Jikei Daishi nijurokkajo kisho
- 増壱阿含経 巻第廿九
- Ekottarika Agama volume 29
- 「廿九日吉田御着。」
- On the 29th arrived at Yoshida.'
- 本朝廿四孝（廿四孝）
- Honcho Nijyushiko (Nijyushiko) (24 Paragons of Filial Piety of our Country)
- 北廿畳敷、駒之牧之御絵。
- In the north, there was a twenty-mat Japanese room with a painting of horses running around field.
- 厳島神社（広島県廿日市市）
- Itsukushima-jinja Shrine (Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture)
- 春秋経伝集解 巻第廿九残巻
- Segment of Shunjukeidenshikkai (the Compiled Annotations of the Spring and Autumn Classic and its Commentary) Volume 29
- 玉篇（ぎょくへん）巻第廿七
- Gyokuhen Volume 27
- 此 乃 天平勝宝九歳三月廿日
- 此 乃 天平勝宝九歳三月廿日 (Kono Tenpyo Shoho Kyusai Sangatsu Hatsuka)
- 丹波国牒（承平二年九月廿二日）
- Tanba no Kuni Cho (Tanba Administrative Document) (9th of the ninth month, second year of Shohei)
- 此（こ）の天平勝宝九歳三月廿日
- Today is August 23, 749.
- 花園天皇宸翰消息（三月廿二日）
- Letter written by Emperor Hanazono (22nd day of the 3rd month)
- 廿一日政宗本陣を小山にうつす。
- On April 21, Masamune moved the headquarters to Oyama.
- 其次御座敷廿六畳敷御なんと也。
- Beside the Dozo, there was an as large as twenty-six-mat Japanese room.
- 廿四畳敷之御物置の御なんと有。
- A twenty-four-mat Japanese room was a closet used as a storeroom.
- 十月廿四日 大崎少将殿 家康」
- To Osaki Shosho (minor captain) from Ieyasu on October 24.'
- 花園天皇宸翰消息 七月廿五日とあり
- Hanazono Tenno (Emperor Hanazono) Shinkan Shoshoku dated the 25th day of the 7th month.
- 元禄十年頃から享保廿年頃まで活躍。
- He flourished from around 1697 to around 1735.
- 例えば「十二客法第廿」にある文章。
- One example is a sentence found in 'Junikyakuho dainiju.'
- 天正十九年八月廿一日 （秀吉朱印）
- On October 8, 1591(red seal of Hideyoshi)
- 厳島神社社殿（広島県廿日市市、国宝）
- Itsukushima-jinja Shrine building (Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture, a national treasure)
- 海の見える杜美術館（広島県廿日市市）
- Umi no Mieru Mori Bijutsukan (Museum of Art in Woods Overlooking the Sea) (Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture)
- 大般若経 巻第五百廿二（天平二年奥書）
- Daihannyaharamittakyo (Mahaprajnaparamita Sutra), Volume 522 (postscript in the second year of Tenpyo [730])
- 後宇多天皇宸翰消息（徳治二年九月廿日）
- Letter from Emperor Go-Uda (September 20, Tokuji 2)
- 花園天皇宸翰書状（貞和三年七月廿九日）
- Correspondence written by Emperor Hanazono (29th day of the 7th month 1347)
- 栄西自筆唐墨筆献上状 建永二年六月廿一日
- Certificate of the present of Chinese calligraphy ink brushes written by Eisai: dated July 24, 1207
- 応永廿四年丁酉弐月九日 売主承瑾（花押）
- March 6, 1417 Seller: Shokin (seal)
- 瑜伽師地論 巻第廿一（神護景雲元年行信願経）
- Yugashijiron (Yogacara Bhumi), Volume 21 (Commentary Copied by Gyoshin)
- 大燈国師自筆書状（其後何条云々 二月廿四日）
- A correspondence written by Daito-kokushi (Sonoato nanjo etc. 24th day of the 2nd month)
- 大徳寺諸庄園文書目録（貞和五年十一月廿七日）
- Daitoku-ji Temple land archive catalogue (27th day of the 11th month 1349)
- 伝教大師筆尺牘（せきとく）弘仁四年十一月廿五日
- Denkyo Daishi hitsu sekitoku (a letter written in Chinese) on December 25, 813
- 僧綱牒（延喜八年二月廿一日 聖宝、観賢等署判）
- Sogo-cho (February 21, Engi 8: Shobo, Kangen, etc. listed)
- 天正五丁丑八月廿四日柱立、同霜月三日屋上葺合候。
- A ceremony celebrating the raising of the ridge beam was held on October 15, 1577, and roof was thatched on December 22 in the same year.
- 十月廿四日 大崎少将様 貴報 井伊兵部少輔直政」
- A report to Osaki Shosho (minor captain) from Hyobushoyu (deputy minister of military arm) Naomasa II on October 24.'
- 大願寺 (廿日市市)（広島県宮島、日本三大弁才天）
- Daigan-ji Temple (Hatsukaichi City) (Itsukushima Island, Hiroshima Prefecture; one of the Three Great Benzaiten of Japan)
- 叡尊自筆書状三月十九日、同廿一日 法花寺宛（二通）
- Two letters written by Eison addressed to Hokke-ji Temple dated March 19 and 21
- 花園天皇宸翰置文（貞和三年七月廿二日 関山上人宛）
- Will and testament of Emperor Hanazono (22nd day of the 7th month 1347, addressed to monk Kanzan)
- 『山姥図』（重要文化財）厳島神社（広島県廿日市市）
- 'Yamanba-zu' (A Mountain Witch) (important cultural property) Itsukushima-jinja Shrine (Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture)
- 旧暦6月17日：宮島管絃祭（廿日市市宮島 厳島神社）
- June 17 of the lunar calendar: Miyajima Kangen-sai Festival (musical festival of wind and string instruments) (Itsukushima-jinja Shrine, Hatsukaichi City)
- また、「三十六卦大例所主法第廿六」の末尾にある文章。
- Another example is the last sentence of 'Sanjurokke daireishoho dainijuroku.'
- …政宗は廿一日に白石の城を立ち、松川に陣を取たりける。
- Masamune left the Shiraishi-jo Castle on April 21 to set up the headquarters in Matsukawa.
- 厳島神社 （広島県廿日市市） - 室町時代（1407年）
- Itsukushima-jinja Shrine (Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture): The Muromachi period (1407)
- 花園天皇宸翰置文 建武四年八月廿六日 - 興禅大燈国師宛
- Will and Testament of Emperor Hanazono dated the 6th day of the 8th month of the 4th year of the Kemmu era (1337) - Addressed to Kozen Daito-kokushi
- 春秋経伝集解（しゅんじゅうけいでんしっかい）巻第廿六残巻
- Segment of Shunjukeidenshikkai (the Compiled Annotations of the Spring and Autumn Classic and its Commentary) Volume 26
- 一 上方ニテ廿萬石カ十五萬石ホトノカンニン分申請度事 口上
- One: Application for 20,000 or 15000-koku of stipend to the bereaved families of dead vassals in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area), presented verbally
- (a) 廿四孝図14面、琴棋及群仙図17面（各紙本金地著色）
- (a) 14 Twenty-four paragons of filial piety images; 17 harps, chess and crowds of sage-recluses images (all color on paper with gold leaf background)
- 厳島（宮島） … 広島県廿日市市にある厳島神社を中心とした島。
- Itsukushima (Miyajima): Island centering on Itsukushima-jinja Shrine existing in Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture
- 頓首謹言 明治七年 十一月廿七日 平田鐵胤(花押) 矢野玄道様』
- Sincerely yours, 27 November, the seventh year of the Meiji period (1874), Kanetane HIRATA, (his signature), Mr. Harumichi YANO'
- 『公卿補任』天平廿一午条百済王敬福の尻付には「南典弟也」とある。
- On the back of 'Kugyobunin' (directory of court nobles) 天平廿一午条百済王敬福, it says 'Nanten's younger brother.'
- 廿五（にじゅうご）になったばかりで、――まだ本当に若かったんですけれど。
- though quite young -- only twenty-five.
- 取り合えず古史伝の廿九巻上・中・下並びに第三十巻の四冊は完成させている。
- However, he had finished four books, volume 29 (first, middle, last) and volume 30.
- 後醍醐天皇宸翰御置文 元弘三年八月廿四日 - 元弘3年は1333年にあたる。
- Shinkan Will and Testament of Emperor Go-Daigo dated the 24th day of the 8th month of the 3rd year of the Genko era (1333).
- 一 八月廿八日相馬ヨリ手切可仕由必定ニ付而、直江人數催、フク嶋江参候事 口上
- One: (八月廿八日相馬ヨリ手切可仕由必定ニ付而), preparation for troops by Naoe and arrival in Fukushima, presented verbally.
- 玉篇（ぎょくへん）巻第廿七 － 中国梁代成立の漢字辞書「玉篇」の、唐時代の写本。
- Yupian Volume 27: A Tang Dynasty copy of a Chinese character dictionary 'Yupian' created during the Liang Dynasty.
- 平田家には廿五部秘書というものがあり、外書に対する内書として厳重に区別されていた。
- The Hirata family had preserved Nijugobu Hisho (secret books categorized into 25 areas) as naisho (inside books) closely separated from gaisho (outside books).
- 彼はまた、刀のなかごに「廿五まで 生き過ぎたりや 一兵衛」と死を恐れぬ心意気を刻んでいた。
- He also inscribed the phrase 'I have lived too long to be twenty five - Ichibei' on the part of the sword which is buried in the hilt to show his fearless of death.
- 政宗二萬余にて、四月廿五日の夜半に小山を立ち、瀬の上を通り、廿六日の未明に松川さして押し寄す」
- Masamune left Oyama with about 20,000 soldiers at midnight on April 25 and marched into Matsukawa at dawn on April 26 by way of Senoue.'
- 今般太陽暦御頒行神武天皇御即位ヲ以テ紀元ト被定候ニ付其旨ヲ被爲告候爲メ来ル廿五日御祭典被執行候事
- To publicly notify the recent decisions to employ solar calendar and institute the Imperial era with accession of Emperor Jinmu to the throne as the starting point, a ceremony will be held on the coming 25th day.
- 廿六人の水夫、十八人の兵士、一人の船長、三人の助手、医者が一人、牧師が一人、それから番兵が四人、
- and besides her thirty-eight jail-birds, she carried twenty-six of a crew, eighteen soldiers, a captain, three mates, a doctor, a chaplain, and four warders.
- 昭和40年代の宅地開発の際にやぐらが破壊され、「元弘三年五月廿八日」の銘のある五輪塔の一部が発見された。
- When housing lots were developed during the decade from 1965, the caves were destroyed and a part of a gorinto (a gravestone composed of five pieces piled up one upon another) was found, in which the date 'July 18, 1333' was inscribed.
- 『早雲寺殿廿一箇条』（そううんじどのにじゅういちかじょう）という家法を定め、これは分国法の祖形となった。
- Soun established a family code known as the 'Sounjidono Nijuichikaijo,' which became the foundation for regional law.
- 広島県廿日市市の地御前神社（厳島神社の外宮（摂社））では、旧暦5月5日端午の節句の御陵衣祭に行われている。
- Jigozen-jinja Shrine (Itsukushima-jinja Shrine's Geku (sessha (a related shrine))) in Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture performs yabusame on May 5 for the Goryoe-sai Festival within the Boy's Festival based on the old calendar.
- この時に伊達家の宝物九曜の紋の幕、紺地黄糸法華廿八品の幕を、須田の組西村仙右衛門、曾田宇平次が奪い取った。
- At this time, Senemon NISHIMURA (西村仙右衛門) and Uheji SODA (曾田宇平次) on the Suda side took away Date family's treasures; the enclosure with the nine-planet crest and the enclosure on blue background with Chapter 28 of the Lotus Sutra embroidered in yellow.
- …政宗兼て土民に金銀多くあたえ、上杉方の油断を聞出し、廿五日夜半に小山を内立瀬上をへて、廿六日暁松川に着」
- Masamune gave local people a plenty of gold and silver and found out that Uesugi forces were off its guard before encamping in Oyama at midnight on April 25 and arriving in Matsukawa at dawn on April 26 by way of Senoue.
- 『棟上げ慶安参年参月廿参日』の棟札銘（重要文化財）により、慶安3年（1650年）の建立であることが知られる。
- Based on the inscription on munafuda-mei (Important Cultural Property) which reads 'Framework was completed on April 23, 1650,' it is understood that the building was erected in 1650.
- また、『日本書紀』での継体の没年（継体天皇廿五年春二月丁未）にあたる531年に欽明天皇が即位したと主張した。
- Also, Hirako insisted that Emperor Kinmei succeeded the enthronement in 531 which was the year Emperor Keitai passed away as stated in 'Chronicles of Japan'.
- 大本山 広隆寺（京都市右京区）・金剛寺 (河内長野市)（大阪府河内長野市）・大聖院 (宮島)（広島県廿日市市）
- Daihonzan (great head temples): Koryu-ji Temple (Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City); Kongo-ji Temple (Kawachinagano City, Osaka Prefecture); Daisho-in (Miyajima) (Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture)
- 久保田彦作『鳥追阿松海上新話』（錦栄堂、1878年）など小説に、また『廿四時改正新話』など歌舞伎にも扱われた。
- She was covered in the novels such as 'Torioi Omatsu kaijyo shinwa' by Hikosaku KUBOTA (Kineido, in 1878) and in Kabuki (traditional drama performed by male actors) such as 'Nijyuyoji kaisei shinwa.'
- 銅の箱に入った銅製の墓誌板には、壬申年将軍左衛士府督正四位上文祢麻 呂忌寸慶雲四年歳次丁未九月廿一日卒 とあった。
- A copper epitaph board kept in a copper box was inscribed that a general in the Jinshin War, Captain of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards, jitei (old man at the age of 61 to 65, later changed to 60 to 64 under ritsuryo system) FUMI no Nemaro Imiki passed away on September 21, 707.
- 厳島神社（広島県廿日市市）の祭神ともなっており、「イツクシマ」という社名も「イチキシマ」が転じたものとされている。
- She is also the enshrined deity of Itsukushima-jinja Shrine (Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture), and it is believed that the shrine name 'Itsukushima' is derived from 'Ichikishima.'
- 最も古い飛白体として太宗 (唐)の『初唐の三大家晋祠銘』の碑額（「貞観 (唐)廿年正月廿六日」の9文字）などがある。
- One of the oldest calligraphy works of the Hihaku style was by the Emperor Taizong (Tang) called 'Shinmeishi,' a votive tablet in which the nine letters of '廿年正月廿六' were inscribed (in the Jogan era (Tang)).
- ・註5：「慶長六年伊達政宗出軍於奥州福島表時、長義出兵、襲政宗後陣、遂奪小荷駄陣具竹雀紋幕及看経幕以黄糸縫法華経廿八品。
- Note 5: 'In 1600, when the Masamune forces went to Fukushima Omote, Nagayoshi attacked the Masamune's rear guard and robbed provisions, weapons and horse riding gears in addition to the enclosure with a sutra, the enclosure with the crest of bamboo and sparrow and the enclosure with Chapter 28 of the Lotus Sutra.
- 一方、『異本紫明抄』は「光源氏物語巻廿六雲隠もとよりなし」とし、「為氏本源氏物語古系図」付載「源氏目録」に雲隠巻は無い。
- On the other hand, 'Ihon Shimeisho' says that, 'The tale of Hikaru Genji doesn't have the twenty-sixth chapter Kumogakure in the first place,' and a 'Genji catalogue' attached to the 'Tameuji manuscript Genji monogatari kokeizu' (old genealogies on the Tale of Genji) does not have the Kumogakure chapter.
- 『日本書紀』景行紀廿七年に表れる「惡神」「吉備穴濟神」、『古事記』景行天皇条に表れる「穴戸神」のことであるとする説がある。
- In one theory, akuru is regarded as the 'akujin' or 'Kibi no Ananowatari no kami' which appear in the 21st year in the Keiko ki (records regarding the time of the Emperor Keiko) in the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), or 'Anato no kami' which appear in the article regarding the Emperor Keiko in the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters).
- 『正徹物語』にも「宮内卿は廿よりうちになくなりにしかば」とあって、彼女が夭折したことは、中世期にひろく知られていた事実らしい。
- 'Shotetsu monogatari' (Tale of Shotetsu) also states that 'Kunaikyo died under twenty'; therefore, her early death seems to have been widely known during the medieval period.
- 『五輪書』には「廿一歳にして都へ上り、天下の兵法者にあひ、数度の勝負をけつすといへども、勝利を得ざるという事なし」と記述される。
- In 'Gorin no sho,' Musashi mentioned his fights in his youth as 'I went to Kyoto at the age of twenty-one and met the strongest heihoka (tactician) in Japan, I fought with them several times and I had never been beaten.'
- 「治承四年十二月廿八日、興福寺と官兵との合戦の間、官兵処々に放火、猛火次第に東大興福両寺に飛び移り、寺中寺外ことごとく消失す」と。
- On January 22, 1181, during the battle between Kofuku-ji Temple and the government solders, the fires set here and there by the solders gradually grew fierce and spread to Todai-ji and Kofuku-ji Temples, where everything was destroyed by fire, as well as the outside of the temples.'
- 慶応3年（1867年）、近藤はじめ新選組全員が幕臣取り立てとなったその年の10月、移転したばかりの牛込廿騎組屋敷の寓居にて病死した。
- In 1867, all Shinsengumi members including Kondo were recruited as shogunate retainers, but in October of the same year, Shusuke died of disease at the temporary residence in Nijukki-cho, Ushigome.
- 五位蔵人という言葉が歴史上に出てくるのは、『職事補任』宇多院の項の分注に「仁和四年十一月廿七日、始置五位蔵人二人、止六位二人」とある。
- The term 'Goi no Kurodo' first appeared in the notes on Udain in the 'Shikijibunin' (directory of officials) which explained, 'On January 6, 889, two persons were appointed to Goi no Kurodo, and another two persons were subsequently appointed to Rokui no Kurodo.'
- 私は廿分間（にじっぷんかん）ばかり、あれやこれやと考えてみて、何か心に思い当ることを見つけようと思って、じっと坐（すわ）っておりました。
- ``I had sat for about twenty minutes turning the thing over in my mind and trying to find some possible explanation.
- 当初銕胤は学統を継承する長男の延胤に古史伝の完成を所望していたが、明治5年正月廿四日に45歳で逝去した為、苦渋の選択をせざるを得なかつた。
- At first, Kanetane hoped Nobutane, his oldest son would be the next successor to Hirata's school, and complete the work, however, Nobutane died at the age of 45 on 24th January 1872, so he had to look for another suitable scholar for the work.
- 御成敗式目以後、20年間の知行（所有・占有の権限行使）を成立要件とする「廿箇年知行」原則が導入されたことから、「二十箇年年紀法」とも呼ばれる。
- Nenkiho is also called '20-year Nenkiho' since the 'twenty-year chigyo (enfeoffment)' principle having 20-year enfeoffment (exercise of rights of possession/occupation) as its requirement of realization was introduced after the enactment of the Goseibai-shikimoku (code of conduct for samurai).
- たとえば、『源氏釈』（12世紀）には「雲隠」を「廿六」とし、また、『白造紙』（1200年頃）の「源ジノモクロク」には「廿六クモカクレ」とある。
- For instance, 'Genji shaku' (commentaries of the Tale of Genji) (12th century) regarded 'Kumogakure' as 'the twenty-sixth' and a 'Genji catalogue' in 'Hakuzoshi' (around 1200) has mention of 'the twenty-sixth Kumokakure'.
- 『御成敗式目』第8条は単なる「多年領掌」「経年序」という漠然とした法理から「廿箇年知行」という一定の年紀（20年）を導入したという点で画期的である。
- The 'Goseibai-shikimoku' Article 8 was epoch-making in the way of introducing 'twenty-year enfeoffment,' a certain Nenki (20 years) from just vague legal principles such as 'Tanen ryosho' and 'Keinenjo.'
- 宗像大社のほか、厳島神社（広島県廿日市市宮島町）、田島神社（佐賀県唐津市呼子町）、および各地の宗像神社・厳島神社・八王子社・天真名井社で祀られている。
- Beside Munakata-taisha Shrine they are enshrined at Itsukushima-jinja Shrine (Miyajima-cho, Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture), Tajima-jinja Shrine (Yobuko-cho, Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture), as well as in other Munakata-jinja Shrines, Itsukushima-jinja Shrines, Hachioji-sha Shrines and Amanomanai-sha Shrines in various places.
- 系図には「東郷太郎左衛門尉、伯州東郷内和田墓これあり。治承三年二月廿二日、当国ツホカミ山にして野津蔵人仲吉・小鴨介基保に討たれ了(おわんぬ)。」とある。
- According to the genealogy, 'The grave of Taro TOGO Saemon no Jo (Lieutenant of Outer Palace Guards, Left Division) is in Wada, Togonai, Hoki Province. He was killed by Kurodo (Chamberlain) Nakakichi NOZU and Motoyasu OGAMONOSUKE in the Battle of the Mount Tsuhokami that occurred in the Hoki Province on February 22 (old lunar calendar), 1179.'
- 墓誌には、日本人留学生の井真成が、開元22年（西暦734年）正月■（朔～十，廿のいずれか）日に死去したので、「尚衣奉御」の官職を遺贈されたなどと記されている。
- The epitaph says that Shinsei SEI, a student from Japan was given the government post of 'Shoihogyo (a chief of the department, with the fifth subordinate rank, to deal with Emperor's clothing)' because he died in January (any one day from 1 to 10, or 20), 734.
- （天理大学附属天理図書館蔵）古文尚書巻第十一、世俗諺文上巻、類聚三代格巻第三、作文大躰、古文孝経、蒙求 康永四年書写、蒙求 建永元年及建保六年奥書、文選巻第廿六
- (Tenri University Tenri Library collection) Kobunshosho scroll no. 11, Sezoku Genbun vol. 1, Ruijisandaikyaku no. 3, Sakubun Daitai, Kobun Kokyo, Mougyu (copy from Kouei Year 4), Mougyu (prefaces from Kenei Year 1 and Kenpo Year 6), Monzen no. 26
- 品川宿の中でも大変賑わっていた茶屋で「慶応三年卯十月廿一日登（上）新撰組土方歳三御家族 門人共上下三十一人（休）釜屋半右衛門 九貫三百文」と言う記録が残っている。
- It was one of the busy Chaya restaurants among Shinagawa-syuku, and the following record remains today: 'On October 21st, the third year of Keio, family and disciples of the Shinsen-gumi member, Toshizo HIJIKATA, totaling 31 people rested, Hanuemon KAMAYA, fee was 9 kan and 300 mon.'
- 児童教育については、『蒙求』・『千字文』・『李嶠百廿詠』が主に用いられ、後に藤原公任が『和漢朗詠集』、藤原宗忠が『作文大体』、三善為康が『続千字文』・『童蒙頌韻』を著すとこれらも用いられた。
- For children's education, 'Mogyu,' 'Senjimon' and 'Rikyo Hyakunijuei' were primarily used, with 'Wakan Roeishu' written by FUJIWARA no Kinto, 'Sakumon Daitai' written by FUJIWARA no Munetada, 'Zoku Senjimon' and 'Domoshoin' written by MIOSHI no Tameyasu later added to the list of textbooks.
- （※松川での川中での岡左内と政宗の太刀打ちの逸話は、「改正後三河風土記」「東国太平記」「会津陣物語」(杉原彦左衛門、物語覚条々）の全てに記載され、いずれも慶長六年四月廿六日で一致している。）
- (* The episode of the sword fighting between Sanai OKA and Masamune in the river of Matsukawa is written in the 'Kaiseigo Mikawa Fudoki,' the 'Togoku Taiheiki,' and the 'Aizujin Monogatari' [a note on 杉原彦左衛門 Hikozaemon SUGIHARA story], which share the view that the battle broke out on April 26, 1601.
- 聚楽第は、建造中は「内野御構」（うちの おかまい／うちの の おんかまえ）と呼ばれていたことが知られており、その初見は『多聞院日記』天正14年2月27日の条にある「去廿一日ヨリ内野御構普請」。
- It is known that Jurakudai was once called 'Uchino Okamai' (or Uchino no Onkamae) during construction, which first appears in 'Tamon-in Nikki' (The Diary of Tamon-in Temple), in the section of February 27, 1586, 'the construction of Uchino Okamai began on the last 21st.'
- はっきり定着しているといえる地域としては、東は呉市・東広島市周辺まで、北は広島市安佐北区・北広島町周辺まで、西は廿日市市・大竹市まで、南は広島湾に浮かぶ江田島市や安芸灘の島々までが挙げられる。
- The areas which bon toro can surely be said to have taken root are, in the east, Kure City and around Higashi Hiroshima City; in the north, Asakita Ward of Hiroshima City and around Kitahiroshima-cho; in the west, Hatsukaichi City and Otake City, and in the south, Etajima City on Etajima Island in Hiroshima Bay and islands in the Sea of Aki.
- 但し、全文の引用は無いものの、嘉禄三年（1227年）に四天王寺東僧坊の中明が著した『太子伝古今目録抄（四天王寺本）』には「法起寺塔露盤銘云上宮太子聖徳皇壬午年二月廿二日崩云云」と記されている。
- While it is not entirely quoted, 'Taishiden Kokon Mokuroku Sho' (Shitenno-ji Temple version) written by Chumei in the East monastery of Shitenno-ji Temple in 1227 describes '法起寺塔露盤銘云上宮太子聖徳皇壬午年二月廿二日崩云云'.
- 『京鹿子娘道成寺』の白拍子花子、『本朝廿四孝・十種香』の濡衣・八重垣姫、『一條大蔵譚』の常盤御前、『鎌倉三代記・絹川村閑居』の時姫、『祇園祭礼信仰記・金閣寺』の雪姫、『刺青奇遇』のお仲、『一本刀土俵入』のお蔦などが評価が高い。
- He is highly rated in the plays of Shirabyoshi dancer, Hanako in 'Kyoganoko Musume Dojoji' (Maiden at Dojo-ji Temple), Nureginu and Princess Yaegaki in 'Jusshuko, Honcho Nijushi Ko' (Incense Burning, from 24 Episodes of Great Children in the Country), Tokiwa Gozen in 'Ichijo Okura Monogatari' (The Mad Aristocrat), Princess Toki in 'Kamakura Sandaiki, Kinugawa-mura Kankyo' (Living in seclusion in Kinugawa Village, Three Generations of the Kamakura Shogunate), Princess Yuki of 'Gion Sairei Shinkoki' (Kinkaku-ji Temple, The Gion Festival Chronicle of Faith), Onaka in 'Irezumi Chohan' (Tattooed Hantaro) and Otsuta in 'Ippongatana Dohyoiri' (Into the Sumo Ring with a Sword).
- 「日本三大弁才天」と称される神奈川県江の島（今は宗像三女神を祭っている)・江島神社、滋賀県竹生島・宝厳寺、厳島・大願寺 (廿日市市)はいずれも海や湖に面している（いずれの社寺を「日本三大弁才天」と見なすかについては異説もある）。
- Enoshima-jinja Shrine in Kanagawa Prefecture (now enshrining the Munataka Sanjojin), Hogon-ji Temple in Chikubu Island, Shiga Prefecture and Daigan-ji Temple (Hatsukaichi City) on Itsukushima Island are referred to as 'The Three Great Benzaiten of Japan,' and all face the sea or a lake (there are different opinions that claim other temples and shrines comprise the 'The Three Great Benzaiten of Japan').
- このほか大田南畝の『半日閑話』、岩瀬京山の『蜘蛛の糸』、『乙巳雑記上』などは、天明六年十月廿八日（1786年）または天明七年五月廿五日以降（1787年）に江戸の町人の人口が100万人を超える128万5300人であったと伝えている。
- Other sources including Nanbo OTA's 'Hannichi Kanwa' and 'Kumo no Ito' and Kyozan IWASE's 'Otomizakki jo' point that the population of towns people exceeded the one million mark and reached 1,285,300 by June 1786 (Tenmei 6) or May 1787 (Tenmei), t.
- 一、伴天連其知恵之法を以 心さし次第に檀那を持候と被思召候へは 如右日域之仏法を相破事曲事候条 伴天連儀日本之地ニハおかされ間敷候間 今日より廿日之間に用意仕可帰国候 其中に下々伴天連に不謂族（儀の誤りか）申懸もの在之ハ 曲事たるへき事
- 1. The missionaries held temples' supporters with their wits as they desired and destroyed the Buddhist law, therefore, they should not be allowed in the land of Japan, and should prepare to leave and return to their country within twenty days from this day, and also those who harm the missionaries during this period shall be punished.
- 近年の年間観光客数は、松島が約370万人（奥松島や塩竈市などを含む松島全体では622万人）、宮島が約309万人（対岸も含めた廿日市市全体では562万人）、天橋立が約267万人（阿蘇海に面する宮津市と与謝野町の合計は約371万人）となっている。
- The annual number of visitors for sightseeing in recent years is approximately 3,700 thousands (6,220 thousands for total Matsushima including Okumatsushima, Shiogama and so on), approximately 3,090 thousands for Miyajima (5,620 thousands for total Hatsukaichi City including opposite shore) and approximately 2,670 thousands for Amanohashidate (approximately 3,710 thousands for the total of Miyazu City and Yosano-cho which face Aso-kai [inland sea]).
- しかし、明治5年（1872年）11月15日、明治政府は神武天皇の即位をもって「紀元」と定め（明治5年太政官布告第342号）、同日には「第一月廿九日」（1月29日）を神武天皇即位の相当日として祝日にすることを定めた（明治5年太政官布告第344号）。
- But on November 15, 1872 the Meiji Government designated the accession of Emperor Jinmu as the beginning of the 'Japanese era' (kigen) (Proclamation no. 342 of the Grand Council of State, 1872) and on the same day declared 'January 29' a national holiday corresponding to the accession day of Emperor Jinmu (Proclamation no. 344 of the Grand Council of State, 1872).
- 記紀では天皇として認められていないが、後世の史書である『扶桑略記』に「飯豊天皇廿四代女帝」、『本朝皇胤紹運録』に「飯豊天皇 忍海部女王是也」と記される上、偽書の『先代旧事本紀大成経』には「清貞天皇（せいていてんのう）」の諡号まであり、天皇の扱いとなっている。
- In 'A Record of Ancient Matter' and 'Chronicles of Japan' she was not regarded as Emperor, but in 'Fuso Ryakki' (A Brief History of Japan) she was described as 'Emperor Iitoyo the fourth Empress,' in Honcho koin jounroku (the Emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) as 'Iitoyo Emperor Oshinumibe princess,' and additionally in the apocryphal book 'Sendai Kujihongi taiseikyo,' there was even shigo (posthumous title) 'Emperor Seitei,' where she was treated as Emperor.
- 木山寺（真庭市）、西大寺 (岡山市寺院)（岡山市）、極楽寺（廿日市市）、国分寺（下関市、防府市）、立江寺 (小松島市)（小松島市）、薬王寺 (美波町)（美波町）、鶴林寺 (勝浦町)（勝浦町）、三角寺（四国中央市）、南蔵院（福岡県篠栗町）、呑山観音寺（福岡県篠栗町）
- Kiyama-ji Temple (in Maniwa City), Saidai-ji Temple (in Okayama City), Gokuraku-ji Temple (in Hatsukaichi City), Kokubun-ji Temple (in Shimonoseki City, in Hofu City), Tatsue-ji Temple (in Komatsushima City), Yakuo-ji Temple (in Minami-cho), Kakurin-ji Temple (in Katsuura-cho), Sankaku-ji Temple (in Shikokuchuo City), Nanzo-in Temple (in Sasaguri-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture), Nomiyama Kannon-ji Temple (in Sasaguri-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture)
- 当り役は非常に多く、時代物では『本朝廿四孝・十種香』の八重垣姫、『鎌倉三代記・絹川村』の時姫、『祇園祭礼信仰記・金閣寺』の雪姫（三つ合わせて三姫）、『伽羅先代萩』の政岡・世話物では『助六』の揚巻、『籠釣瓶』の八つ橋、『新版歌祭文・野崎村』のお光、新作では前述の淀君などがある。
- He had so many successful roles; as for jidai-mono (historical drama), Yaegaki-hime in the scene of 'Jusshuko' of 'Honcho Nijushi-Ko,' Toki-hime in 'Kinugawa-mura' of 'Kamakura Sandaiki,' Yuki-hime in 'Kinkakuji' of 'Gion Sairei Shinko-ki' (those three roles were called Mitsuhime [three princesses]), and Masaoka in 'Meiboku Sendai Hagi'; as for sewa-mono (drama based on real-life people), Agemaki in 'Sukeroku,' Yatsuhashi in 'Kagotsurube' ('Kagotsurube Sato no Yoizame,' Omitsu in 'Nozaki-mura' of 'Shinpan Utazaimon'; as for modern play, Yodogimi mentioned above and so on.
- …（於是天皇詔之 朕聞諸家之所 帝紀及本辭 既違正實 多加虚僞 當今之時 不改其失 未經幾年 其旨欲滅 斯乃邦家經緯 王化之鴻基焉 故惟撰録帝紀 討覈舊辭 削僞定實 欲流後葉 時有舍人 姓稗田名阿禮 年是廿八 爲人聰明 度目誦口 拂耳勒心 即勅語阿禮 令誦習帝皇日繼 及先代舊辭）
- The emperor says `As far as I understand, 'Teiki and 'Honji' (accounts of origin) that have been handed down to families are falsified and are not like the original one. The original intentions will be lost within a few years unless corrected now. These are the precious teachings of the imperial court, to establish a sold foundation to guide the people. Therefore, I will advisedly select Teiki, and find kyuji to eliminate the false parts and find the truth to succeed future generations. He was such a bright man and was able to immediately express something he saw in words and never forgot the word he heard. The emperor immediately ordered Are to read and learn Kyuji that describes the lineage and incidents of past emperors that the emperor determined and selected himself.
- 源顕房の娘・藤原賢子が産んだ堀河天皇の治世では、「左右大臣、左右大将、源氏同時に相並ぶ例、未だ此の事あらず」（『中右記』寛治7年(1093年)12月27日条）、「近代公卿廿四人、源氏の人半ばを過ぎるか、未だ此の如き事あらんか」（『中右記』康和4年(1102年)6月23日条）とあるように外戚として隆盛を極めた。
- As maternal relatives, Morofusa's descendants were at the height of their prosperity during the reign of Emperor Horikawa, who was a biological son of MINAMOTO no Akifusa's daughter, FUJIWARA no Kenshi, as can be seen from 'members of the Minamoto clan positioned side by side as the Minister of the Left and the Minister of the Right, as well as the Major Captain of the Left and the Right Divisions of Inner Palace Guards, which has never happened before' ('Chuyuki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Munetada), the article of January 22, 1094) and from 'there are 24 modern-day kugyo (court nobility), of which more than half are from the Minamoto clan, which has never happened before' ('Chuyuki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Munetada), the article of written on August 15, 1102).
- また『日本書紀』では、『百済本記』（「百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞乇城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣」）を引用して、天皇及び太子、皇子が同時に死んだとの説を紹介しており、何らかの政変によって継体自身が殺害された可能性もある（「辛亥の変」説）。
- 'Nihonshoki' quotes the lines from 'Original records of Paekche' ('the article in the Original records of Paekche says that King Anjang of Goguryeo encountered rebellion from his subjects and was murdered in 531. Around the same time, Japanese Emperor, Crown Prince and Prince were killed altogether by their subjects.') to introduce a theory that the Emperor, Crown Prince and Prince died at the same time, which hints the possibility that Keitai was actually killed in a political turmoil ('Xinhai Incident' theory).
- がしかし事件は寛大に討議されたのだったけれど、今から三十年前の法律は、今日より遥かに惨刻（ざんこく）なもので、私は廿三（にじゅうさん）才の誕生日の日、重罪犯人として捕縛され、他の三十七人の罪人と一しょにグロリア・スコット号にのせられてオーストラリア［＃「オーストラリア」は底本では「オーストリア」］に送られることになったのだ。
- The case might have been dealt leniently with, but the laws were more harshly administered thirty years ago than now, and on my twenty-third birthday I found myself chained as a felon with thirty-seven other convicts in the'tween-decks of the bark Gloria Scott, bound for Australia.
- 然れば古史伝は全く初稿のままにて行き届かず、中々以って上木致すには之無きに候へ共、門人中一同の懇願に付き、差し置き難く上木を初め、第廿八巻まで刻成り申し候段、御見聞の通りに御座候、さて古史成文第百四十四段より第百五十段迄は、大抵草稿出来居り候間、即ち古史伝第廿九巻、三十巻、以上二巻として未定ながら、近々上木仕えまつり候筈に候。
- He left only the first draft, so we hesitated to print it at first, however, for all the students' earnest requests, we eventually printed volume 1 to 28, as you already know; we have also edited paragraphs 144 to 150, so those are going to be printed soon as volumes 29 and 30, although the dates are still to be arranged.
- これに対して黒岩重吾は『日本書紀』継体天皇廿五年での『百済本記』引用「百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞乇城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣」天皇および太子、皇子が同時に死んだという記述等を根拠にそれぞれ実際には即位していない安閑・宣化は暗殺・軟禁されたとした。
- Based on the statement in 'Original records of Paekche' in section of '25 years of Emperor Keitai' in 'Chronicles of Japan', saying '百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞?城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣'(Emperor in Japan and the prince passed away at the same time), Jugo KUROIWA believed that Ankan and Senka did not succeed to the throne and they were actually assassinated or under custody.
- 三善清行による「革命勘文」（『群書類従』 第貮拾六輯 雜部 所収）で引用された『易緯』での鄭玄の注「天道不遠 三五而反 六甲爲一元 四六二六交相乗 七元有三變 三七相乗 廿一元爲一蔀 合千三百廿年」から一元60年、二十一元1260年を一蔀とし、そのはじめの辛酉の年に王朝交代という革命が起こるとするいわゆる緯書での辛酉革命の思想によるという。
- It is said that it was based on the idea of Shinyu kakumei (a prediction of revolution in Kanototori of the Chinese astrological calendar) in isho (Chinese books which describe predictions and others), that is, a revolution to change the dynasty would occur in the first Kanototori year considering 60 years as one cycle (元) and 1260 years of 21 cycles as one period (蔀), in accordance with the note from Zheng Xuan, '天道不遠 三五而反 六甲爲一元 四六二六交相乗 七元有三變 三七相乗 廿一元爲一蔀 合千三百廿年,' in 'Yi wei' which was cited in 'kakumeikanmon' (in zatsubu (overall section) in the 26th section of 'Gunsho ruiju'(Collection of historical documents compiled by Hokiichi HANAWA)) by Kiyoyuki MIYOSHI.
- ただし、本土寺の過去帳に載せられている「千葉介代々御先祖次第」には、「第四 胤綱 卅一歳、安貞二年戊午五月廿八日」と記されており、また承久の乱で14歳の若武者が一軍を率いるという年齢的な問題もあることから、享年31を採用して建久9年（1198年）生まれとし、『千葉大系図』では成胤の子（胤綱の弟）とされている時胤・千葉泰綱兄弟を胤綱の実子とする説もある。
- However, the 'Chibanosuke Daidai Gosenzo Shidai' written in a family register of deaths of Hondo-ji Temple has a record, '4th, Tanetsuna, 31 years old, July 8, 1228,' and there is also a problem of how a samurai as young as 14 years old could lead an army in the Jokyu War, and accordingly, there is another argument that he was born in 1198 adopting his age of death being 31, and that Tokitane and Yasutsuna CHIBA brohthers, who were indicated as children of Naritane (younger brother of Tanetsuna) in 'Chiba Taikeizu,' were biological children of Tanetsuna.
- なお、『日本書紀』に引く「百済本記」（「百濟本記爲文 其文云 大歳辛亥三月 軍進至于安羅 營乞乇城 是月 高麗弑其王安 又聞 日本天皇及太子皇子 倶崩薨 由此而言 辛亥之歳 當廿五年矣」）によれば、531年頃に天皇と太子・皇子が共に薨去したという所伝があるといい、継体天皇の死後、安閑天皇・宣化天皇の朝廷と欽明天皇の朝廷が並立していたとか、2朝間に内乱があったと見る説もある（「辛亥の変」説）。
- According to the 'Kudarahonki' (Original records of Paekche) quoted by 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), a legend has it that Emperor Keitai and Prince died together around 531, and another theory has it that after the death of Emperor Keitai, two Imperial Courts existed at the same time, one was reigned by Emperor Ankan and Emperor Senka, the other was reigned by Emperor Kinmei, and they had a domestic conflict ('Shingai Coup' theory).
- 悪源太義平・中宮大夫進（源朝長）・右兵衛佐（源頼朝）・三郎先生（源義憲）・十郎蔵人義盛・陸奥六郎（源義隆）・平賀四郎（源義信）・鎌田兵衛（鎌田政清）・後藤兵衛（後藤実基）・子息新兵衛（後藤基清）・三浦荒次郎（三浦義澄）・片桐小八郎大夫（源景重）・上総介八郎（上総広常）・佐々木三郎（佐々木秀義）・平山武者所（藤原季重）・長井斎藤別当実盛（斎藤実盛）をはじめとして廿余騎、六波羅に押し寄せ云々」（『平治物語』より）。
- More than 20 cavalry advanced on Rokuhara, etc., beginning with: Aku (evil) Yoshihira GENTA, Empress' Grand Master (MINAMOTO no Tomonaga), Uyoe no suke (Assistant Captain of the Right Watch) (MINAMOTO no Yoritomo), teacher Saburo (MINAMOTO no Yoshinori), Yoshimori the Juro Korodo (A secretary to the emperor' s Juro), Rokuro MUTSU (MINAMOTO no Yoshitaka), Shirohei Hiraga (MINAMOTO no Yoshinobu), Kamada hyoe (KAMADA, who was an official the Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guard) (Masakiyo KAMADA), Goto hyoe (GOTO, who was an official the Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guard) (Sanemoto GOTO), child and new hyoe (Motokiyo GOTO), Kojiro MIURA (Yoshisumi MIURA), Master, Kohachiro KATAGIRI (MINAMOTO no Kageshige), Kaihachiro KAZUSA (Hirotsune KAZUSA), Saburo SASAKI (Hideyoshi SASAKI), Hirayama Mushadokoro (FUJIWARA no Sueshige), Nagai Saito steward Sanemori (Sanemori SAITO), (From 'Heiji Monogatari').
- ｢候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候｣
- 候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候'
- 歌右衛門生涯の当たり役は非常に多く、『京鹿子娘道成寺』の白拍子花子、『籠釣瓶花街酔醒（籠釣瓶）』の八つ橋、『祗園祭礼信仰記（金閣寺）』の雪姫、『鎌倉三代記・絹川村』の時姫、『本朝廿四孝・十種香』の八重垣姫、『東海道四谷怪談』のお岩、『妹背山婦女庭訓（妹背山）』の定高、お三輪、『沓手鳥孤城落月（孤城落月）』の淀君、『仮名手本忠臣蔵・九段目』の戸無瀬、『積恋雪関扉（関の扉）』の小町と墨染、『恋飛脚大和往来・新口村』の梅川、『攝州合邦辻・合邦庵室』の玉手御前、『伽羅先代萩』の政岡、『鏡山旧錦絵（鏡山）』の尾上、『隅田川続俤（隅田川）』の班女など、娘形から姫、片はずし、傾城に至るまで、あらゆる女形の領域をこなした。
- Utaemon performed many successful characters in his lifetime, and those were Shirabyoshi (women who play Shirabyoshi (Japanese traditional dance)) Hanako of 'Kyo Kanokomusume Dojoji' (The maiden at Dojo Temple), Yatsuhashi of 'Kago Tsurube Satono Eizame' (Basket bucket in red-light district), Yukihime of 'Gion Sairei Shinkoki' (The Gion Festival Chronicle of Faith)(Kinkaku-ji Temple), Tokihime of 'Kamakura Sandaiki, Kinugawa-mura' (Three Generations of the Kamakura Shogunate in Kinugawa Village), Yaegaki-hime of 'Honcho Niju-shi ko, Jusshuko' (24 Paragons of Filial Piety of our Country, Incense Burning), 'Oiwa of 'Tokaido Yotsuya Kaidan' (Tokaido Yotsuya Ghost Stories), Sadaka and Omiwa of 'Imoseyama Onna Teikin' (An Exemplary Tale of Womanly Virtue in Mt. Imose), Yodogimi of 'Hototogisu Kojo no Rakugetsu' (The Sinking Moon over the Lonely Castle Where the Cuckoo Cries), Tonase of 'Kanadehon Chushingura, Kudanme' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers, 9th act), Komachi and Sumizome of 'Tsumoru Koiyuki no Seki no To' (The Barrier Gate), Umegawa of 'Koibikyaku Yamato Orai, Ninokuchi-mura' (The Amorous Courier on the Yamato Highway, Ninokuchi Village), Tamate-Gozen of 'Gappo Anjitsu (hermitage of Gappo), Sesshu Gappo ga Tsuji (A Kabuki Drama of Unfettered Evil),' Masaoka of 'Meiboku Sendai Hagi' (The trouble in the Date Clan), Onoue of 'Kagamiyama Kokyo no Nishikie' (old brocade pictures of Mt. Kagami), Hanjo of 'Sumida-gawa Gonichi no Omokage' (Latter-day Reflections of the Sumida-gawa River), and he acted many types of female roles, such as a daughter, princess, Katahazushi (female role of nyobo (a court lady) of a samurai family or goten jochu (palace maid)), and keisei (courtesans with high dignity and literacy).
- 生涯苦心致され候中にも、古史伝は最初文化の末頃より草稿取り掛かり、文政の始め頃に、成文一二巻程は、ざっと稿本成り候ところ、段々見識博くあいなり、殊に故鈴屋大人の御遺教をも相伺れ候て、いよいよ以って、世界悉く我が皇大神達の御鎔造（ツクリカタメ）なされたる事を感得致され候に付、古史伝は先ず差し置き、赤縣州を始め、印度及び西洋の古伝をも悉く皆探索網羅して、其の上にて、充分に古史の註解をと存し込まれ候て、文政の半ば頃より、専ら外国の学に困苦致され、凡そ廿余年も歳月を過ごされ候て、赤縣太古傳を初め、即ち今此れある丈の著述は出来候へ共、中々もって先人の心底に叶ひ候事には此れ無く候へ共、大抵は見当も付き候に依っては、私を始め門人の中の所存にも、段々時節後れ、先人も老年に成られ候に付き、先ず先ず外国の所は大抵にして差し置かれ、古史伝の清撰をしきりて、相願い催促致し候て、天保10年頃より、漸々と其の方にも趣かれ候所、言語規則の書之無きに付き、余儀なく五十音義の撰にかかり、凡そ一ヵ年ほど打ち過ぎられ候所、旧幕府の命に依って秋田へ放逐、尤も同所は本国の事、親族共も少なからず、第一旧君侯より厚く恩遇も之有りて会計の辛苦は薄らぎ候へ共、著述致す可き遑なく、此処両三年心配致され候内に病を発し入幽致され候次第にて残念至極にて御座候。
- Our teacher dedicated his life to the study requiring great pains; as to 'Koshi-den', at the end of the Bunka era (1804-1818), he began to write the draft, and by the early Bunsei era (1818-1830), about 12 volumes had been completed; however, by that time, he had also gradually gained an insight into the study and understood the teachings of the master of Suzunoya (Norinaga MOTOORI), then he realized that this world was the product of our great gods of Japan, so he decided to suspend 'Koshi-den' temporarily, and first explore and read through all the past annotations of the histories of our country as well as those of India and Europe to use new knowledge to his advantage in writing 'Koshi-den'; therefore, since the middle of the Bunsei era, he intensly studied foreign literature and culture mainly, and during a period of over 20 years, he completed almost all his works, which he left for us, including 'Sekiken Taiko-den' (Japanese Early History); although he was never satisfied with his works, his students, of course, including myself, with a feeling of gratitude, thought that our master had succeeded in completing most his researches and studies, and were concerned about the delay in completing 'Koshi-den' and because of our master's age, we repeatedly begged him to restart the writing, then thankfully at about the 10th year of the Tenpo era (1839), he restarted; however, he was requested to write on linguistic methods so he began to write 'Goju Ongi' (Pronunciation and Meaning of 50 Kana) and suspended 'Koshi-den' again; after a year, he was banished to Akita Province by order of the former bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), fortunately since Akita was his hometown and there were many relatives of his, besides the former load treated him very kindly, they relieved him off poor living, although under those conditions, he had no time to finish the remaining works; he was always concerned about those unfinished works, and after only a few years, he became sick and regrettably died.
