工芸: 445 Terms and Phrases

• 工芸
• industrial arts
• craft
• Handicrafts
• Craftwork
• Artifacts

• 木工芸
• woodworking

• 工芸品
• handicraft
• industrial art object
• artifact
• Crafted products
• Crafts
• Craftwork
• Craft Works

• 手工芸
• handicrafts
• mystery

• 工芸村
• Kougeimura

• 工芸学
• technology

• 工芸の
• polytechnic

• 工芸科
• Department of Crafts

• 美術工芸
• arts and crafts
• artistic handicraft
• fine and applied art

• 工芸美術
• applied fine arts

• 伝統工芸
• traditional craft
• traditional handicrafts
• traditional crafts
• Traditional industrial arts
• Arts and crafts

• 工芸学校
• polytechnic

• 手工芸品
• handicrafts

• 工芸技術
• industrial arts

• 工芸学部
• School of Engineering and Design

• 工芸専攻
• Crafts Course

• 工芸家。
• Craftsman

• 工芸技法
• Art Craft Technique

• ガラス工芸
• glasswork
• Studio glass
• Glass art

• 絵画・工芸
• Painting and artifact
• Paintings and artifacts

• 伝統工芸士
• Traditional Craftsman

• 京都工芸館
• Kyoto Craft Centre, Kyoto Kogei Kan

• 美術工芸品
• Arts and Crafts
• Fine and Industrial Art Objects
• Art and craftworks

• 工芸品の部
• Craftworks
• The Crafts category

• （工芸品）
• Craftworks:
• (Craftworks)
• Craft Works
• Crafts
• (Artcrafts)
• (Artifact)
• (Handicrafts)

• 伝統工芸館
• Dentoukougeikan

• 工芸・陶芸
• Industrial arts and ceramic art

• 伝統工芸語
• Languages for Traditional Arts and Crafts

• 工芸科学部
• School of Science and Technology

• もろい工芸
• a frail craft

• 日本工芸会
• Nihon Kogeikai

• 工芸技術関係
• technical arts

• 工芸繊維大学
• Kougeisen'i University

• 大和工芸工場
• Daiwakougei Factory

• 東京工芸大学
• Tokyo Polytechnic University

• 美術工芸短大
• Bijutsukougeitandai

• 彫刻、工芸品
• Sculptures and Crafts

• 紙をすく工芸
• the craft of making paper

• ガラス工芸家
• Glass artists

• 工芸科学研究科
• Graduate School of Science and Technology

• （美術工芸品）
• (Art craftworks)

• 産業工芸・意匠
• Industrial Crafts and Design

• パリ工芸博物館
• Musée des Arts et Métiers

• ペルーの工芸品
• Peruvian artifacts

• 韓国の手工芸品
• Korean handicrafts

• 工芸品としての墨
• Sumi as a handicraft

• 金沢美術工芸大学
• Kanazawa College of Art

• 京都工芸繊維大学
• Kyoto Institute of Technology

• 布張りをする工芸
• the craft of upholstering

• 青写真を描く工芸
• the craft of drawing blueprints

• 工芸品　252件
• Handicrafts: 252

• フランス国立工芸院
• Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers

• パプアの固有の工芸
• Papuan native crafts

• 伝統的工芸品産業室
• Traditional Craft Industry Office

• おもちゃから工芸品へ
• From toy to art craft

• 京都伝統工芸専門学校
• Traditional Arts School of Kyoto
• TASK

• 生命の樹 (工芸品)
• Tree of Life (craft)

• 京都高等工芸学校時代
• Period of the Kyoto Higher Craft School

• 実娘3人も漆工芸家。
• Her three daughters are also Japanese lacquer ware artists.

• 伝統的工芸品産業分科会
• Traditional Craft Industry Committee

• 秋田公立美術工芸短期大学
• Akita Municipal Junior College of Arts and Crafts

• 蒔絵、螺鈿、彫金、紙工芸
• Makie (Japanese lacquer sprinkled with gold or silver powder), Raden (mother-of-pearl inlay work), metal carving, and traditional paper art

• 工芸図案科が設置される。
• Craft and Design Course was established.

• 重要文化財（美術工芸品）
• Important Cultural Properties (Arts and Crafts)
• Important Cultural Property (arts and crafts products)

• 日本の漆工芸界の草分け。
• He is one of the pioneers of Japanese lacquer art.

• 京都府京都市の京の木工芸品
• Wooden works in Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture

• 京都工芸繊維大学の人物一覧
• Public figures related to KIT

• 京都高等工芸学校 (旧制)
• Kyoto Higher Craft School (old education system)

• 古く見えるようにされた工芸
• archaized craftwork

• 人間国宝の一覧（工芸技術）
• List of Living National Treasures (technical arts)

• U：農業、工芸および専門職
• U: Agriculture, crafts and professions

• 現代工芸美術家協会常務理事
• He became a member of the board of directors at the Japan Modern Craft and Artists Association.

• 登録有形文化財（美術工芸品）
• Registered Tangible Cultural Properties (Arts and crafts)

• - 京都市立美術工芸学校卒業
• He graduated from Kyoto City School of Arts and Crafts.

• 美術工芸復元作業を収録した番組
• Programs recording restoration of artworks

• 京都工芸繊維大学　松ヶ崎通下ル
• Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-dori Sagaru (to the south of Matsugasaki-dori)

• 速く工芸を作ることができる場所
• a place where a craft can be made fast

• 装飾的なデザインと手工芸の芸術
• the arts of decorative design and handicraft

• 警察は盗まれた工芸品を押収した
• The police confiscated the stolen artwork

• 芸術家や工芸家の最も優れた作品
• the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman

• 1955年に日本工芸会に帰属。
• In 1955, he rejoined Nihon Kogeikai (the Japan Art Crafts Association).

• 京都工芸研究会委員長も勤める。
• He works as the chair of the Kyoto Kogei Kenkyukai (Kyoto Crafts Study Group).

• 東京を産地とする、伝統的工芸品。
• A traditional handcraft produced in Tokyo.

• 近江和蝋燭（滋賀県伝統的工芸品）
• Omi warosoku (Japanese candle made in Omi, one of the Traditional Crafts of Shiga prefecture)

• 1902年 京都高等工芸学校設立
• In 1902, Kyoto College of Technology was founded.

• 手工芸や趣味を治療目的に使うこと
• therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities of daily life, especially to enable or encourage participation in such activities in spite of impairments or limitations in physical or mental functions

• くるみ割り人形 (ドイツ工芸品)
• Nutcracker

• 彼は美術工芸を学校で教えている。
• He teaches arts and crafts in a school.

• 京都伝統工芸専門学校（TASK）
• Traditional Arts School of Kyoto (TASK)

• 美術工芸品　862件（以下内訳）
• Works of art and/or crafts: 862 (a more detailed breakdown follows)

• 正丁のみ紙や漆など工芸品を納めた。
• Only Seitei presented craft products such as paper and lacquer.

• 絵画、工芸、芸能に伝わる朝鮮通信使
• Chosen Tsushinshi in pictures, craftworks and performing arts in Japan

• - 長野県知事伝統的工芸品に指定。
• Designated by the governor of Nagano Prefecture as a traditional craft.

• 越前和蝋燭（福井県指定郷土工芸品）
• Echizen warosoku (Japanese candle made in Echizen, one of the Local Handicrafts of Fukui prefecture)

• 工芸品部門の国宝に指定されている。
• They are designated National Treasures as crafts.

• 水墨画家・工芸家としても知られる。
• He is quite famous as a master of ink-wash painting and crafts as well.

• ろくろで陶器を形作り窯で焼く工芸家
• a craftsman who shapes pottery on a potter's wheel and bakes them it a kiln

• 1962年 日本工芸会正会員に認定
• 1962: He was certified as a regular member of Nihon Kogeikai (the Japan Art Crafts Association.)

• 工芸技術分野における「保持団体認定」
• Preservation Group Certification' in the field of arts and crafts

• 昭和30年京都市立芸術大学工芸科卒。
• Graduated from Kyoto City University of Arts, Department of Crafts in 1955.

• 1925年、パリ万国工芸博大賞受賞。
• He received a grand prize in the Paris Exhibition of 1925, which was officially entitled the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes.

• 扇子を美しい工芸品として評価したもの。
• A Sensu appreciated to be a beautiful art craft.

• 金銅経箱 - 平安時代後期の金属工芸。
• Gilt Copper Scripture Box - Metalwork from the late Heian period

• ある職業や手工芸で熟練した仕事をする人
• a skilled worker who practices some trade or handicraft

• 日本工芸会常任理事、陶芸部会長を歴任。
• He served as the executive director of the Nihon Kogeikai and chairman of the Ceramics Division.

• 1945年 刺繍工芸を営む家に生まれる
• 1945: She was born in a family that practiced embroidery.

• 現代では工芸として利用されることも多い。
• Nowadays, this technique is used in many craftworks as well.

• 3階 - 美術工芸展示室・映像ギャラリー
• Third floor: exhibition rooms for arts and crafts, and picture displays

• 工芸品－2,410件（うち国宝252件）
• crafts - 2,410 cases (among which 252 cases are national treasures)

• 機械技術や工芸技術、応用科学を教える学校
• a school teaching mechanical and industrial arts and the applied sciences

• 工芸で浮遊物といかだを作るために使われる
• used for making floats and rafts and in crafts

• 1946年、京都工芸美術作家協会理事長。
• In 1946, he was elected as the administrative director of the Kyoto association of craft artists.

• 平安時代の工芸を代表する蒔絵の名品である。
• It is the famous art of makie (Japanese lacquer sprinkled with gold or silver powder) that represents the art crafts of the Heian period.

• 現代では東京の伝統工芸品に指定されている。
• Nowadays, Hagoita racquets have been designated as traditional products of Tokyo.

• 宝相華蒔絵経箱 - 平安時代後期の漆工芸品
• Hosoge-makie-kyo-bako - Lacquerware from the late Heian period

• 室内には絵画や工芸品などの展示が行われる。
• Inside the rooms, there is a display of paintings and other works of art.

• 長男の大島武は東京工芸大学芸術学部准教授。
• His first son, Takeshi OSHIMA, is an associate professor of the Faculty of Art at Tokyo Polytechnic University.

• 京都工芸繊維大学講師となる（～1944年）
• He became an instructor at Kyoto Institute of Technology (and continued lecturing until 1944).

• 翌年には京都市立美術工芸学校絵画科に入学。
• In the following year, he was admitted to the Department of Painting, Kyoto Prefectural School of Art and Crafts.

• 1983年 第30回日本伝統工芸展に初出品
• 1983: She submitted her work for the first time to 30th Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition.

• 紐は、日本の伝統工芸である組み紐で作られる。
• The cords are braided, based on Japan's traditional crafts.

• 硝子工芸：ぽぴん、江戸切子、薩摩切子、七宝焼
• Glasswork: Popin (glasswork toy), cut glass (Edo kiriko and Satsuma kiriko) and cloisonne ware

• 吊るし飾り（つるしかざり）は伝統工芸の一種。
• Tsurushi kazari is one of the traditional art crafts.

• 京都大学名誉教授、京都工芸繊維大学名誉教授。
• Professor Emeritus at Kyoto University and Kyoto Institute of Technology.

• 1919年、新工芸院設立、彩工会を創立する。
• In 1919, he established Shin kogeiin (New crafts center) and founded Saikokai.

• 現在は「工芸菓子」や「細工菓子」とも呼ばれる。
• Nowadays they are also known as 'sweets of craft' or 'sweets of art.'

• 1992年 京都工芸繊維大学工業短期大学部廃止
• In 1992, Technical College of KIT was closed.

• 1951年 京都工芸繊維大学工業短期大学部併設
• In 1951, Technical College of KIT was established within the premises.

• 小規模な仕事場で、そこで手工芸や製造が行われる
• small workplace where handcrafts or manufacturing are done

• 腕のいい工芸師は自分の作品に誇りを持っている。
• A good craftsman takes pride in his work.

• 東京芸術大学美術学部工芸科工業デザイン専攻卒業。
• Graduated from Department of Design of Faculty of Fine Arts of Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music (the present name: Tokyo University of the Arts), majored in industrial design.

• 伝統工芸品であり、地域団体商標にも登録されている。
• Kyo ningyo is a traditional craft of Japan and is registered as a Regional Collective Trademark.

• 国宝美術工芸品（都道府県としては東京に続く第二位）
• National treasure art/craft works (the number of items is second to that of Tokyo, among those of the prefectures)

• 1949年5月31日： 新制京都工芸繊維大学発足。
• On May 31, 1949: Kyoto Kogei Seni Daigaku (Kyoto Institute of Technology) was established under the new education system.
• May 31, 1949: Kyoto Institute of Technology started under the new education system.

• - 京都市立美術工芸学校、京都市立美術高等学校に。
• Kyoto-shiritsu Bijutsu Kogei Gakko (Kyoto City Specialist School of Arts and Crafts) was reorganized to become Kyoto-shiritsu Bijutsu Koto Gakko (Kyoto City Senior High School of Arts).

• 精緻なダンスと祭儀、工芸品などの文化が知られている
• culture is known for elaborate dances and rituals and for handicrafts

• 木工芸では、木を、硬木、軟木と、唐木に分類します。
• In woodworking, we classify wood as hardwood, softwood or exotic wood.

• 京都市立美術大学（現：京都市立芸術大学）工芸科卒業
• He graduated from the Department of Crafts, Kyoto City University of Fine Arts (present-day Kyoto City University of Arts).

• 経済産業大臣より『伝統的工芸品』の指定を受けている。
• Kyo-shikki is designated as 'Traditional Crafts' by the Minister for Economy, Trade and Industry.

• 長野県塩尻市で生産される長野県知事指定の伝統工芸品。
• It is a traditional craft produced in Shiojiri City, Nagano Prefecture and designated by the governor of Nagano Prefecture.

• 京都工芸繊維大学にて「生活文化史」の講師をしている。
• He is a lecturer of 'History of Life Culture' at Kyoto Institute of Technology.

• 絵画、彫刻その他の美術工芸品及びメダルその他の収集品
• paintings, sculptures, and other art and craft works, as well as medals and other collectibles

• 2006年 工芸学部と繊維学部を統合し工芸科学部設置
• In 2006, School of Engineering and Design, and School of Textile Science were united into School of Science and Technology.

• 日本各地の織物の伝統工芸品については、伝統工芸を参照。
• For traditional crafts of textile in various regions in Japan, refer to traditional industrial arts.

• また、近年では伝統工芸品としても千代紙が販売されている。
• Recently, chiyogami has been sold as traditional art work.

• 1912年　京都高等工芸学校（現・京都工芸繊維大学）講師
• 1912: Became a lecturer at Kyoto Higher School of Design (current Kyoto Institute of Technology).

• 刀剣、槍、鎧、扇、屏風などの工芸品、硫黄、銅などの鉱産物。
• Handicrafts such as swords, spears, armor, fans and folding screens as well as mineral products such as sulfur and copper.

• 以下、主に絵画・彫刻・工芸・建築の各分野について記述する。
• The following is a description focusing on painting, sculpture, handicraft, and architecture.

• 京都ゆかりの美術工芸品を展示、また、京都府所蔵の映画を上映
• Arts and crafts related to Kyoto are displayed, and movies owned by Kyoto Prefecture are played here as well

• 「工芸品」ではなく「考古資料」の部の国宝に指定されている。
• It is designated as a national treasure not in the category of 'craft' but in the category of 'archaeological materials.'

• サマー・キャンプでの美術工芸プログラムの一つとして作られる
• made as part of the arts-and-crafts program at summer camp

• 1982年6月 京都工芸繊維大学学長（1982年5月まで）
• June 1982 - President, Kyoto Institute of Technology (until May 1982)

• 1976年（昭和51年）6月2日に伝統的工芸品に認定された。
• It was recognized as one of the Traditional Japan Crafts on June 2, 1976.

• 光悦の一族や様々な工芸の職人らが移り住み芸術の集落となった。
• Koetsu's family and numerous artisans moved into the area and formed an art community.

• この頃余暇に製作した画や工芸などの作品が今に伝えられている。
• His paintings and crafts remain that were made during his spare time in Kumamoto.

• 建築以外にも工芸や図案・テキスタイルデザインなども手掛けた。
• He also contributed to the field of crafts, designs, and textile designs besides architecture.

• 豪奢にして華麗な装飾的効果に富んでおり、工芸史上も重要である。
• With their gorgeous and splendid decorative effects, they are highly valued in the history of craftwork.

• 製作において人形は順番に人形工芸師の手によって組み立てられる。
• The doll parts are assembled in order by the doll maker.

• 彼らは、大量生産の時代に技巧を奨励するため、美術工芸を後援した
• they sponsored arts and crafts in order to encourage craftsmanship in an age of mass production

• 工芸（産業デザイン）の専門教育を中心とする学校として知られた。
• It was famous for focusing professional training on crafts (industrial designs).

• 1959年 第6回日本伝統工芸展にて「截金飾筥」が奨励賞を受賞
• 1959: His work 'Kirikane kazaribako' (ornamental box decorated with kirikane) received an Encouragement Award in the 6th Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition.

• この法律にいう「美術の著作物」には、美術工芸品を含むものとする。
• As used in this Act, "artistic work" includes a work of crafts of artistic value (bijutsukougeihin).

• 1902年3月28日： 京都高等工芸学校設置 （勅令第98号）。
• March 28, 1902: Kyoto Higher Craft School was established (under the 98th Imperial Edict).

• 日本からは銅や工芸品が、朝鮮からは木綿や朝鮮人参が送られていた。
• In those days, copper products and handicrafts from Japan and cotton materials and Asian ginseng from Korea were traded.

• 茶道具以外にも多数の漆器を製作し、工芸家としての評価も高かった。
• She produced many pieces of lacquer ware in addition to tea utensils and won a high reputation as an industrial artist.

• 海賦蒔絵袈裟箱（かいぶまきえ けさばこ） - 平安初期の漆工芸品。
• Kaibumakie Kesa Box - Lacquerware from the early Heian period

• 1920年 京都市立美術工芸学校（現・京都市立芸術大学）図案科卒業
• 1920: He graduated in design from Kyoto-shiritsu Bijutsu Kogei Gakko (Kyoto Municipal School of Arts and Crafts) the present Kyoto City University of Arts.

• 平安時代の装飾経の代表作で、当時の工芸を現代に伝える一級史料である。
• They are typical works of decorated Buddhist scriptures in the Heian period, best-class historical materials communicating features of artifacts of the times to the present day.

• ・京都工芸繊維大学（松ヶ崎駅、叡山電鉄修学院駅からの利用者も多い。）
• Kyoto Institute of Technology (Matsugasaki Station, people often use Shugakuin Station, Eizan Electric Railway as well);

• 松ヶ崎校地は後身の新制京都工芸繊維大学に引き継がれ現在に至っている。
• The Matsugasaki campus was continued later by the Kyoto Institute of Technology under the new education system.

• 高松宮総裁賞（1960年第7回日本伝統工芸展、作品「柚子肌釉大皿」）
• The Takamatsunomiya Award (1960 the 7th Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition for 柚子肌釉大皿)

• 立教大学中退後、東京写真工業専門学校（現・東京工芸大学）に入学する。
• After dropping out of Rikkyo University, he entered the Tokyo Professional School of Photographic Industry (currently Tokyo Polytechnic University).

• 1988年6月 京都工芸繊維大学名誉教授 財団法人基礎化学研究所所長
• June 1988 - Professor Emeritus, Kyoto Institute of Technology; President, Institute for Basic Chemistry

• 1961年 第8回日本伝統工芸展にて「截金菜華文飾筥」が奨励賞を受賞
• 1961: 'Kirikane Saikamon kazaribako' (ornamental box decorated with kirikane) received an Encouragement Award in the 8th Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition.

• 京漆器（きょうしっき）とは、京都市内で生産される工芸品的な漆器のこと。
• 'Kyo-shikki' is a handicraft of lacquerware produced in Kyoto City.

• 特に伝統工芸品として経済産業省に認定されているのは、以下の通りである。
• The fude made in the following cities are specifically certified as traditional crafts by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

• 硯及び附属する道具を収める箱を硯箱といい、古来優れた工芸品が多数ある。
• The case in which keeps the suzuri and other writing instruments is called suzuri-bako (suzuri case) and there are many excellent crafts since ancient times.

• 飾り結びは、中国から伝わった結びをもとに日本で発達した伝統工芸である。
• Kazarimusubi is a traditional craft which was originally learned from China and was developed in Japan.

• 1878年のパリ万博では、数多くの日本の工芸品が展示され人気を博した。
• A lot of Japanese crafts were exhibited at the 1879 Paris Universal Exposition and enjoyed great popularity.

• 工芸品としての木刀は、8割～9割が宮崎県都城市において製造されている。
• Eighty to ninety percent of bokuto as craft products are produced in Miyakonojo, Miyazaki Prefecture.

• グアルネリとストラディバリに工芸を教えられる（1596年−1684年）
• taught the craft to Guarneri and Stradivari (1596-1684)

• 柳はこうして収集した工芸品を私有せず広く一般に公開したいと考えていた。
• Yanagi did not think to make his collection of handicrafts private, but wanted to show it to the public.

• 各地方においても陶磁、漆工芸など独自の工芸品が生産されるようになった。
• Local domains began to produce their own handicrafts, such as ceramic ware and lacquer works.

• 見返りとして、日本からは銀、銅、銅銭、硫黄、刀などの工芸品が輸出された。
• In exchange, crafts such as silver, copper, copper coins, sulfur, and swords were exported from Japan.

• 2006年 大阪成蹊大学芸術学部美術・工芸学科絵画表現領域日本画工房卒業
• 2006: Graduated from Osaka Seikei University, Faculty of Art and Design, Arts and Crafts Course, Painting Expression, Japanese Painting Workshop

• 付属の箱は朝廷から下賜されたもので、平安時代の漆工芸品として貴重である。
• The associated boxes were gifts from the Imperial Court, and are valuable examples of the Heian period lacquer ware.

• すなわち、無形文化財とは芸能、工芸技術等の無形の「わざ」そのものを指す。
• In other words, intangible cultural property refers to certain 'art,' such as arts and crafts or performing arts.

• 1899年2月： 第13帝国議会、京都市への官立工芸学校設置建議を可決。
• February, 1899: In the 13th Imperial Diet, a proposal was approved to establish the National High School of Technology in Kyoto City.

• 学制改革で新制京都工芸繊維大学工芸学部（現・工芸科学部）の母体となった。
• The educational system reform led the school to a parent organization of the Faculty of Craft (current Faculty of Craft Science) at the Kyoto Institute of Technology.

• 現在、曲物を地域の工芸品・特産品・名産品としている主な地域は以下のとおり。
• At present, the following regions designate magemono as their artifact, local product or specialty:

• 近年では、伝統工芸品の手まりが、おもちゃではなく装飾品として喜ばれている。
• In recent years, temari balls have reemerged not as a toy but as a decorative traditional art craft.

• 一般家庭等で置物として飾られる工芸品としての他、美術的価値の高い品もある。
• As well as craftworks for display in ordinary households, there are also dolls which are extremely valuable artworks.

• 演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産は無形文化財と定義されている。
• Intangible cultural properties are defined as the intangible cultural products or outcomes such as plays, musical pieces and craft skills.

• 犍陀穀糸袈裟・横被（けんだこくし けさ・おうひ） - 唐時代の染織工芸品。
• Kendakokushi Kesa and Ouhi - Textiles from the Tang dynasty

• 1903年（明治36年）帰国、京都高等工芸学校（現・京都工芸繊維大学）教授
• 1903: He returned to Japan and became a professor of Kyoto Handicraft High School (current Kyoto Institute of Technology).

• 1956年、「山水染付壺」で第3回日本伝統工芸展が日本伝統工芸会賞を受賞。
• In 1956, he received the gold award for Japanese Traditional Crafts at the 3rd Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition with his 'Sansui Dyed Pot.'

• 3作とも絹本着色で、それぞれ多様な工芸的手法を用いた装飾味豊かな絵画である。
• The three paintings were color paintings on silk using various craft methods, finished with a decorative touch.

• おおむね９月中に試験が実施され、合否の判断は伝統的工芸品産業振興協会が行う。
• The examination is generally conducted every September, and admission decisions are made by the Traditional Crafts Industry Promotion Association Foundation.

• 国宝殿 - 山内諸堂の本尊以外の仏像や絵画、工芸品、文書などを収蔵展示する。
• National Treasure Hall _ Stores and displays statues that are not installed as an object of worship in other halls, paintings, crafts, and writings.

• 明治28年（1895年）：京都市立美術工芸学校（現：京都市立芸術大学）教諭。
• 1895: He became an instructor at the Kyoto Prefectural School of Art and Crafts (the current Kyoto City University of Arts).

• 1988年 第40回京都府美術工芸展にて「三枚折屏風　響」が毎日放送賞を受賞
• 1988: 'Three folds folding screen titled Echo' received the Mainichi Broadcasting Award at the 40th Kyoto Prefecture Fine Arts and Crafts Exhibition.

• 学制改革で新制京都工芸繊維大学繊維学部 （現・工芸科学部） の母体となった。
• In the reform of the education system, it became the original body of the faculty of Textile Science (present-day, the school of Science and Technology) in Kyoto Kogei Seni Daigaku (Kyoto Institute of Technology) established under the new education system.

• これは、工芸学部 （旧京都工専、左京区松ヶ崎） と繊維学部の中間地点に位置する
• It was in the middle of the faculty of Engineering and Design (whose predecessor was Kyoto Technical Vocational School located in Matsugasaki, Sakyo Ward) and the faculty of Textile and Science.

• 2007年 「京都府美術工芸新鋭選抜展 -新しい波- 2007」入選、正式出品
• In 2007, his work was selected for 'Selected Artists in Kyoto -2007 New Wave-' and put on official display.

• 宝相華蒔絵宝珠箱（ほうそうげ まきえ ほうじゅばこ）－平安時代前期の漆工芸品。
• Hosoge Makie Houjubako - A lacquer ware piece from the early Heian period.

• 1942年7月30日、落雷による火災で以下の建造物1件、工芸品1件が焼失した。
• The following 1 building and 1 craft work were lost in a fire that was started by lightning on July 30, 1942.

• この時代には、豊臣秀吉が美術工芸を奨励したことから組み紐を職業とする者が現れた。
• In this period, as Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI encouraged arts and crafts, people who made a profession out of producing braided cord emerged.

• 組み紐（くみひも）とは、日本伝統の工芸品で、細い絹糸や綿糸を編んで織り上げた紐。
• Braided cord is the traditional Japanese craft, a cord made by interlacing fine silk threads and cotton yarns.

• 後継者不足等により低迷している伝統的工芸品産業の需要拡大を狙ってに誕生した制度。
• This system was established to increase demand towards traditional craft industries which have been slumping due to the shortage of successors.

• コレクションは明治以降、1990年頃にまで至る日本画、洋画、工芸作品などが中心。
• Its collection encompasses mainly Japanese art, Western art, and craftworks from the Meiji period to 1990.

• 1948年7月： 京都高等工芸学校と合同で 「京都工芸繊維大学」 設置認可申請。
• In July 1948: An application for approval of establishing 'Kyoto Kogei Seni Daigaku' (Kyoto Institute of Technology) was submitted in conjunction with Kyoto Koto Kogei Gakko (Kyoto Polytechnic High School).

• 寄木細工（よせぎざいく）は、箱根町や海外の土産物屋でよく見られる伝統工芸品である。
• Yosegi zaiku is a traditional craft often seen at souvenir shops in the town of Hakone as well as in countries overseas.

• 戦後は画筆や化粧筆も生産されるようになり、1975年に伝統的工芸品の指定を受けた。
• Painting brushes and cosmetic brushes started to be produced after WWII and were certified as a Traditional Craft in 1975.

• 月刊誌『美と工芸』やユニークな豪華本、文庫サイズのアーツコレクションは好評だった。
• A monthly magazine called 'Bi-to-Kogei' (Beauty and Art), unique sumptuous books, and pocket-size art collections earned popularity.

• そのため、水墨画や工芸品など多くの武蔵ゆかりの品々が現在も松井家に伝えられている。
• Therefore, many Musashi's works including ink-wash paintings and artifacts are still preserved in the Matsui family.

• 1970年 （昭和45）4月25日、重要無形文化財「木工芸」保持者（人間国宝）認定
• April 25, 1970: KURODA was designated as an important intangible cultural property holder of 'wood working' (a living national treasure).

• そのため、産地伝統工芸士会に加入し、産地における伝統工芸の振興に努めることとなる。
• Therefore, they are to become members of the Association of Traditional Craftsmen of Production Areas and strive for the promotion of traditional crafts in their production areas.

• ふぐの皮は食用として珍重され、また古くは民芸品や工芸品の部材としても使用されていた。
• While the skin of the pufferfish was valued as a delicacy, it was also used as a material for folk crafts and industrial arts.

• 具体的には能楽や歌舞伎、浄瑠璃などの伝統芸能や陶磁器、漆器製作などの伝統工芸である。
• Specifically, traditional performing arts such as nogaku (the art of Noh), kabuki and joruri (dramatic narrative chanted to a samisen accompaniment), and traditional crafts such as manufacturing of ceramics and lacquer ware.

• 1981年に諸工芸の截金の分野で初めて重要無形文化財保持者（人間国宝）に認定される。
• In 1981 he was first certified as an Important Intangible Cultural Property Living National Treasure in the category of other crafts, kirikane.

• 1927年（昭和2年）帝展に工芸部が新設されると審査員、無鑑査として作品を発表した。
• When an art craft division was newly established in the Exhibition of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, ROKKAKU exhibited his works as a member of the selecting committee and Mukansa (a person who need not be submitted to the selecting committee).

• また、西陣織・京焼に代表される工芸品の生産地として商工業に大きな影響力を与えていた。
• It was also the production center for fine crafts, represented by Nishijin textile and Kyo-yaki ceramics, giving great influence in commercial and industrial activities in Japan.

• また、一般家屋内や商店の内部にて地元伝統工芸品や手芸品、絵画などの展示即売も行われる。
• There is an on-site sale of local traditional crafts, handicraft items and paintings inside general residential houses and stores.

• これらの文学は、絵画や書道作品のテーマとなり、工芸品のデザインにも大いに影響している。
• Such works of literature not only became the theme of paintings and works of calligraphy but also influenced greatly the design of handicrafts.

• なお、国の伝統工芸品に指定されている京仏具をはじめとして各地に仏壇、仏具の産地がある。
• Currently, there exist several centers for the production of family Buddhist altars and Buddhist altar fittings, including Kyo-butsugu (Buddhist altar fittings produced in Kyoto) which are designated as national traditional industrial arts.

• 1954年(昭和29年)より日本伝統工芸展が開かれ，第3回展から審査委員を委嘱される。
• Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition was exhibited from 1954, and he was assigned to be the judge from the third exhibition.

• 1997年 第49回京都府美術工芸展にて「截金スクリーン　ファンタジア」が市長賞を受賞
• 1997: 'Saikin Screen Fantasia' was awarded the Mayor's Award at 49th Kyoto Prefecture Fine Arts and Crafts Exhibition.

• 2002年に諸工芸の截金の分野で3人目の重要無形文化財保持者（人間国宝）に認定される。
• She was designated as the third holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in the field of saikin.

• 1985年 第13回日本工芸会近畿支部展にて「截金飾筥　蝶夢幻想」が日本工芸会賞を受賞
• 1985: She was awarded with Nihon Kogeikai (Japanese Art Craft Association) Award for 'Kirikane kazaribako (an ornamental covered box decorated with kirikane) titled Butterfly Dream Illusion' in the 13th Nihon Kogeikai Kinki Branch Exhibition.

• 茶道の茶碗は非常に高価な工芸であることも多いため、落とさないように気をつけねばならない。
• Since a china bowl used at a tea ceremony is often a very expensive artifact, you must be especially careful not to drop it.

• 建造物・絵画・彫刻・工芸品・書跡・典籍・古文書・考古資料・歴史資料などが指定されている。
• Items that have been designated national treasures include buildings, paintings, sculptures, handicrafts, calligraphy work, books, ancient documents, archaeological materials, and historical materials.

• 1977年 京都工芸美術展にて「截金茶入」が大賞を受賞 / 京都府美術工芸功労賞者となる
• 1977: His work 'Kirikane chaire' (tea container decorated with kirikane) received a grand prize in the Kyoto Arts and Crafts Exhibition and received a Merit Award of Arts and Crafts in Kyoto Prefecture.

• 1991年 第38回日本伝統工芸展にて「截金彩色飾筥　花風有韻」が日本工芸会総裁賞を受賞
• 1991: 'Richly colored Kirikane kazaribako titled Kafuyuin' (an ornamental covered box decorated with kirikane) was awarded the Nihon Kogeikai director-general prize at the 38th Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition.

• 酒蔵としても酒造家という、一種の工芸品の作者としての造り甲斐がなく、企業努力をしなくなる。
• Sake breweries did not make efforts because they did not feel it was worthwhile as a brewer, that is, a producer of a kind of handicraft.

• 演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの
• Arts and skills employed in drama, music and applied arts, and other intangible cultural products which possess a high historical and/or artistic value in and for this country.

• 職人としては一流であったが、伝統工芸に理解のない時代だったため世間からは認められなかった。
• Joeki was a first-class artisan but since he worked during times when traditional arts and crafts were not appreciated, he received no public recognition.

• 映画、演劇、音楽、スポーツ、写真又は絵画、彫刻その他の美術工芸品を鑑賞し、又は観覧する権利
• rights to view or listen to movies, dramas, music, sports, photographs, or paintings, sculptures or other art and craft works

• オリエントや中国などの物産と同様に、当初は日本の工芸品も見た目の物珍しさで評価されていた。
• Japanese handicrafts were originally assessed according to their visual curiosity, like products of Orient and China.

• 高さ5.5メートルほどの小塔だが、「工芸品」ではなく「建造物」として国宝に指定されている。
• Despite its small size of about 5.5m high, it is designated as a National Treasure in the category of 'architecture,' not in the category of 'handicraft.'

• 父のもとで人形作りを学び、京都府よりすぐれた伝統工芸技術を持つ者として京の名工に選ばれる。
• He learned about puppet making under his father and was chosen as very skilled traditional craftsman of Kyo (Kyoto).

• 彼は化学工芸の指導などを職務とし、理化学器械の製造のため出入りしていた源蔵にも接していた。
• His major task was to teach chemistry to Japanese people and he also had chance to contact with Genzo who visited the place in order to make laboratory instruments.

• 1989年 第41回京都府美術工芸展にて「二枚折屏風　夢は大空の彼方」が産経新聞社賞を受賞
• 1989: She received the Sankei Shimbun Award (Sankei Newspaper Award) for 'Two Fold Folding Screen entitled Dream is in the far end of Great Sky' at 41st Kyoto Prefecture Fine Arts and Crafts Exhibition.

• 日本からは銅や硫黄などの鉱物や周防国など西国で産した木材、日本刀などの工芸品が輸出された。
• Minerals such as copper and sulfur, lumber produced in western pars of Japan including Suo Province and handicrafts including Japanese swords were exported from Japan.

• 1902年(明治35年)に帰国後、京都高等工芸学校（現在の京都工芸繊維大学）教授となった。
• After returning to Japan in 1902, he was assigned as a professor at Kyoto Higher School of Design (present Kyoto Institute of Technology).

• 美術工芸品－10,283件（うち国宝861件）（2007年（平成19年）6月8日指定分まで）
• Art works and crafts - 10,283 cases (among which 861 cases are national treasures) (designated up to June 8, 2007)

• 衣笠校地は後身の京都高等蚕糸学校・京都繊維専門学校・京都工芸繊維大学繊維学部に引き継がれた。
• The Kinugasa campus was inherited from the Kyoto Koto Sanshi Gakko (Kyoto Silk High School), Kyoto Seni Senmon Gakko (Kyoto Textile Vocational School) and the faculty of Textile and Science in Kyoto Kogei Seni Daigaku (Kyoto Institute of Technology).

• 陶芸、染織、漆芸、金工その他の工芸技術のうち我が国の工芸技術の変遷の過程を知る上に貴重なもの
• The applied art including pottery, dyeing, lacquer work and gold work, which possesses a high value for seeing the history of transition of the applied art in this country.

• 茶筅は数ある茶道具の中でも代替の効かないもので、技術の粋と精魂とを込めて作られる工芸品である。
• The chasen, among other tea utensils, cannot be replaced by anything, and making this artifact requires the best craftsmanship and all one's energy.

• 西大寺に現存する仏像、工芸品などには本尊釈迦如来像をはじめ、叡尊の時代に制作されたものが多い。
• Many of Buddha statues and handicrafts which exist now in Saidai-ji Temple including honzon, the statue of Shakanyorai, were made in Eison's time.

• 十代の長男として生まれ、京都市立第二工業高校（現在の京都市立伏見工業高等学校）金属工芸科卒業。
• Joeki XI was born the eldest son of Joeki X and is the graduate of the Metal Fabrication and Machining Program at Kyoto City Fushimi Second Technical High School (presently Kyoto City Fushimi Technical High School).

• 1944年 京都高等工芸学校を京都工業専門学校と改称、京都高等蚕糸学校を京都繊維専門学校と改称
• In 1944, Kyoto College of Technology was renamed Kyoto Vocational College of Technology, and Kyoto Institute of Textile Thread was renamed Kyoto Vocational College of Textile.

• （重要文化財）鐘楼・唐院大師堂・唐院灌頂堂・三重塔・毘沙門堂、他仏像、絵画、工芸、文書など多数
• Important cultural assets at Onjo-ji Temple: Shoro dome, Daishido of To-in Temple, Kanjodo of To-in Temple, Sanju-no-to Tower, Bishamondo, other buddha statues, drawings, crafts, documents and many others.

• 普通アメリカの捕鯨者が鯨ヒゲ、鯨の象牙に似たもの、セイウチの牙などを刻んだり彫ったりした工芸品
• a carving (or engraving) on whalebone, whale ivory, walrus tusk, etc., usually by American whalers

• 2004年の文化財保護法改正においては、登録有形文化財制度の登録の対象に美術工芸品を追加された。
• When the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties was revised in 2004, art craftworks were added to the candidates for registered tangible folk cultural properties.

• 座りや着せ替えができるタイプは、専門の人形作家の手によって伝統工芸品として制作・販売されている。
• Ichimatsu ningyo which can sit down and change the clothes is produced and sold by professional doll makers as traditional crafts.

• 聖武天皇・光明皇后ゆかりの品をはじめとする、天平文化を中心とした多数の美術工芸品を収蔵していた。
• A variety of arts and crafts were stored there, mainly from the Tenpyo culture, including articles associated with Emperor Shomu and Empress Komyo.

• 映画、演劇、音楽、スポーツ、写真又は絵画、彫刻その他の美術工芸品を鑑賞させ、又は観覧させること。
• having people view or listen to movies, dramas, music, sports, photographs, or paintings, sculptures or other art and craft works.

• 重要文化財の絵画、彫刻、工芸品、文書等の多くは光明宝殿に保管されているが一般公開はされていない。
• Many of the paintings, sculptures, crafts, documents etc. that have been designated Important Cultural Properties are kept in the Komyo Hoden but are not on public display.

• 特に精巧に作られる工芸菓子と呼ばれる分野もあり、食用可能な和菓子の材料で花鳥風月の世界を表現する。
• Amongst wagashi, there is a sub-category called Manufactured Confectionary where the product is particularly exquisite and this product is made of edible ingredients used in making wagashi but, express an array of traditional Japanese themes related to the beauty of nature.

• 「かなり前になりますが、私は1箱の日本の工芸品を受け取り、それらを友人たちと分け合いました……」。
• Long ago I received a box filled with Japanese crafts which I shared among my friends.'

• 京都市立美術工芸学校（現：京都市立銅駝美術工芸高等学校）、東京美術学校（現・東京芸術大学）を卒業。
• He graduated from Kyoto Prefectural School of Art and Crafts (present-day Kyoto City Dohda Senior High School of Arts) and the Tokyo Fine Arts School (present-day Tokyo University of the Arts).

• 知識試験は伝統的工芸品産業振興協会が伝統工芸士としての資質や専門的知識についての出題と採点を行う。
• In the knowledge examination, questions about the qualities of a traditional craftsman and the expertise are asked and examination papers are graded by the Traditional Crafts Industry Promotion Association Foundation.

• 昭和61年には日本煎茶工芸協会の設立に協力し、煎茶道で使う道具を作る工芸家達の援助にも務めている。
• In 1986, the association cooperated with the establishment of Nihon Sencha Kogyo Kyokai (Japan Sencha Arts and Crafts Association), and also is trying to aid craftsmen who make utensils used in Senchado.

• 他の美術工芸品とともに浮世絵という版画がヨーロッパとアメリカでまたたく間に人気を博するようになった。
• Japanese woodblock prints called ukiyoe as well as other arts and crafts instantly became popular in Europe and the United States.

• 南島からは工芸品の材料となる夜光貝や赤木といった特産物がもたらされ、また南島へは鉄器がもたらされた。
• Special products such as yakogai (turban shell, lunica marmorata) and bishop wood (Bischofia javanica), which were used as materials for handicrafts, were brought from Minami-jima Island in return for iron wares.

• この間明からは永楽通宝や繊維製品が、日本からは銅などの鉱物資源、漆器や屏風などの工芸品が行きかった。
• During this period Eiraku-tsuho (bronze coins struck in the Ming Dynasty) and textile products from Ming and mineral resources such as copper and handicraft such as lacquer wares and folding screens from Japan were traded.

• また、殻の裏側には非常に美しい真珠光沢があり、ごく薄く切り出したものを螺鈿細工などの工芸材料に用いる。
• The under side of the shell is covered with very beautiful and shiny mother-of-pearl and extremely thin slices of this are used as material for craftwork such as raden (shell inlay) work.

• 12月中旬の合格通知後に産地委員会を通じて登録申請を行って、翌年2月下旬に伝統工芸士として登録される。
• After being notified of acceptance in mid-December, he or she applies for registration at his or her production area committee and is registered as a traditional craftsman in late February the next year.

• 京から紙の伝統は、手間暇を惜しまず、量産効果を望まず、ひたすらに伝統工芸の手作りの暖かみを保ち続けた。
• The tradition of kyo karakami has maintained the warmth of handwork in traditional arts alive, going to any expense and not being concerned with mass-production.

• 帝国美術院展覧会の工芸部門においては1930年(昭和5年)から3年続けて特選を受賞し帝展無鑑査となる。
• He was specially chosen for the crafts genre of the Exhibition of the Imperial Fine Arts Academy for three consecutive years and became exempted from future examinations required to display art in the exhibition of the Imperial Fine Arts Academy.

• 京都・西本願寺御用の截金師の家に生まれ、京都市立美術工芸学校（現・京都市立芸術大学）図案科を卒業した。
• He was born in a family of kirikane craftsmen under the patronage of Nishi Hongan-ji Temple in Kyoto and graduated in design at Kyoto-shiritsu Bijutsu Kogei Gakko (Kyoto Municipal School of Arts and Crafts) the present Kyoto City University of Arts.

• 現在は(財)伝統的工芸品産業振興協会が認定事業を行っているが、伝産法の規定に基づく言わば国家資格である。
• Now it is a qualification certified by the Traditional Crafts Industry Promotion Association Foundation, but can be called a nationally-accredited qualification because it is based on the regulations of the Act concerning the Promotion of Traditional Craft Industries.

• 香取 正彦（かとり まさひこ、1899年 1月15日- 1988年11月19日）は、日本の鋳金工芸作家。
• Masahiko Katori (January 15, 1899 - November 19, 1988) was a Japanese caster.

• ここで言う「宝物」は文化財保護法における「美術工芸品」に相当し、有形文化財のうち建造物を除いたものである。
• The 'treasures' mentioned here are those 'works of arts and crafts' under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties; that is, they encompass tangible cultural properties other than buildings and structures.

• これらの多くの版木から、華麗で多彩な京唐紙が摺り出されて、日本の伝統工芸としての唐紙が作り続けられてきた。
• Splendid, colorful Kyo karakami have been printed from these many printing blocks and a karakami traditional industrial art in Japan has been produced.

• 伝来が確かな武蔵作の工芸品としては、黒漆塗の「鞍」、舟島での戦いに用いた木刀を模したとされる「木刀」一振。
• Crafts, confirmed to be genuine, are a saddle lacquered in black and a wooden sword which are regarded as a replica Musashi himself made after the wooden sword which he had used in the duel at Ganryu-jima.

• 芸術品、工芸品として取引され、作家名の押し印されたものも多く、個々の茶碗に銘（名前）が付けられたものもある。
• Chawans are treated as works of art and artifacts, many of which have the artist's name printed on them and some of which have been given individual names.

• 京友禅（きょうゆうぜん）とは、京都の伝統工芸品の1つで、元禄時代に扇絵師の宮崎友禅斎によって考案された染色。
• Kyo-Yuzen (dyeing technique) is one of the traditional arts of Kyoto, and refers to dyeing technique that was designed by Yuzensai MIYAZAKI, who was a painter of folding fan, in the Genroku era.

• このとき、現在の民俗文化財は「民俗資料」として「建造物」や「美術工芸品」と並んだ有形文化財のひとつとされた。
• On this occasion, the present-day folk-cultural properties were designated as 'folklore materials,' and included in tangible cultural properties along with 'buildings' and 'arts and crafts.'

• 京都府に関する図書、古文書（こもんじょ）、美術工芸資料などを収集・保管、研究、公開することを目的としている。
• Its objectives are collecting, storing, studying, and publishing of books, ancient documents, and materials of arts and crafts related to Kyoto Prefecture.

• その結果、ヨーロッパ、特にフランスにおいて日本の美学に関する出版物と工芸品がさらに広く知られるようになった。
• As a result, publications and crafts related to the aesthetics of Japan became more widely known in Europe, particularly in France.

• 「重要無形文化財に指定される芸能を高度に体現できる者」または「工芸技術を高度に体得している者」が認定される。
• Certification is given to 'individuals who are able to embody a performing art designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Property at the highest level,' or 'individuals who are a master of a technical art.'

• 江戸幕府においては若年寄支配にて江戸城内の需要を満たすための工芸品製作が行う機関として城内に設置されていた。
• The Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) established Saikudokoro within a castle as an institution manufacturing handicrafts under the control of Wakadoshiyori (a managerial position in Edo bakufu), in order to satisfy demand within the Edo-jo Castle.

• 旧制京都工専は工芸学部 （機織工業学科・建築工芸学科・色染工芸学科・窯業工芸学科） の母体として包括された。
• Kyoto Special School of Technology under the old system was included as a parent organization of the Faculty of Crafts (Department of Weaving and Industry, Building Crafts, Dyeing Crafts, and Ceramics Industry).

• 高さ37センチの小品ながら,各所に繊細な透彫を施した入念な作で,鎌倉時代の金属工芸を代表するものの1つである。
• Although it is a small article only 37 cm high, it is provided with elaborately made sukashi-bori in many places and it is one of the representative works of smithing in the Kamakura period.

• 一般に組み紐と呼ばれることも多いが、組み紐は糸を組んで紐を作る工芸であり、紐を結んで作る飾り結びとは別である。
• Kazarimusubi is often referred to as 'kumihimo,' which is in fact a craft of braiding threads together to make cords, and therefore is not a same thing as kazarimusubi that is made by making knots with cords.

• 日本画家や西洋画家、彫刻家の他、金工や陶工、漆工といった諸工芸作家に加えて、刀工と写真家なども認定されている。
• The people certified as Teishitsu Gigeiin included Japanese-style painters, Western-style painters, sculptors, metalworkers, potters, lacquerers, swordsmiths, photographers, and so on.

• 1971年に織職人の小川善三郎が人間国宝に認定され、1976年6月2日に博多織が国から伝統工芸品に指定される。
• In 1971, the master weaver Zenzaburo OGAWA was designated a Living National Treasure, and on June 2, 1976, Hakata-ori textile was designated as a Traditional Craft of Japan.

• 1949年 京都工業専門学校・京都繊維専門学校を母体として新制大学京都工芸繊維大学発足、工芸学部・繊維学部設置
• In 1949, based on two vocational colleges above, KIT started as a college under the new system, and opened School of Engineering and Design, and School of Textile Science.

• - 伝統産業に従事する職人が集まってできた町、あるいはその産業・工芸品の売買によって栄えた町で、上記産業町の一種
• town formed with artisans engaged in traditional industries, or a town that prospered as a result of trading their products, which is a kind of the aforementioned Industrial town

• この際流出した仏像・仏画・経典等はいずれも製作当時の工芸技術の精華と言うべき優品揃いであったことが知られている。
• It is known that all those treasures including statues, images of Buddha, and Buddhist scriptures, were remarkable pieces of work that had shown the essence of craftsmanship of the time of each production.

• 明治26年（1893年）、京都市立銅駝美術工芸高等学校で教員に就任し、明治37年（1904年）まで修身を教える。
• In 1893, he became a teacher at the Kyoto City Dohda Senior High School of Art and taught ethics until 1904.

• 日本館として平等院鳳凰堂を模した鳳凰殿を建て、工芸品の輸出を積極的に促進したことが前回までとの大きな違いである。
• It greatly differed from the previous one in that a Hoo Palace (Phoenix Palace) copy of Hoo-do Hall (Phoenix Hall) of Byodoin Temple was built as a Japanese pavilion, and the exportation of artifacts was promoted.

• 実物は現存しないが、サーサーン朝ペルシア遺跡から出土する工芸品の浮彫り装飾などに、琵琶様の楽器がしばしば見られる。
• Instruments similar to biwa are often found in relief carving decorations of artifacts excavated from remains of Sessanian Persia, though the actual ones do not exist any more.

• また、文化工芸の中心地として人口が50万人を越え、政治の中心地の江戸や、経済の中心地の大坂に次ぐ都市として繁栄した。
• As a center of culture and the industrial arts, Kyoto had a population exceeding 500,000 and flourished as a city that ranked behind only the political center of Edo and the financial center of Osaka.

• 琳派（りんぱ）とは、俵屋宗達、尾形光琳ら江戸時代に活躍し、同傾向の表現手法を用いる美術家・工芸家らを指す名称である。
• The Rinpa school refers to artists and craftsmen in the Edo period who used a similar style, including Sotatsu TAWARAYA and Korin OGATA.

• 文化財保護法では重要文化財は大きく「建造物」と「美術工芸品」の2つの部に分かれているが、本記事では建造物のみを扱う。
• In the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, important cultural properties are broadly divided into 'buildings and structures' and 'works of arts and crafts,' and this section highlights the buildings and structures only.

• 鉱物、工芸品を輸出し、教養品・嗜好品に代表される「唐物」を輸入したことによって日本の経済・文化に大きな影響を与えた。
• Exporting minerals and handicrafts and importing 'karamono' (Chinese goods) represented by cultured and luxury goods had great impacts on the Japanese economy and culture.

• 弟の乾山との合作による陶器の絵付け、手描き小袖の絵付け、漆工芸品のデザインに至るまで、幅広くその才能を発揮している。
• He exerted his talent in wide areas: from sometimes working together with his brother, Kenzan, drawing on ceramic ware he made, and designing kosode kimono and lacquer ware.

• 当時の日本で貨幣経済の中心をなした宋・元・明などの銅銭（永楽銭など）、絹、羅、紗などの織物、生糸、薬材、書画、工芸品。
• Copper coins (such as Eiraku-sen) of Sung, Yuan and Ming which were the basis of money economy in Japan, textile such as silk, lightweight fabric and gauze, raw silk thread, medicine, calligraphic works/ paintings and handicrafts.

• その津田流水引独自の作風を「加賀水引」として確立させ日本全国に広く知れ渡り水引細工が加賀金沢の伝統工芸として定着した。
• This Tsuda style Mizuhiki-zaiku has been established under the name of 'Kaga-mizuhiki' as traditional craft products in Kaga/Kanazawa and become popular nationwide.

• その非凡なデザイン感覚は「光琳模様」という言葉を生み、現代に至るまで日本の絵画、工芸、デザイン等に与えた影響は大きい。
• His extraordinary sense of design brought about the term Korin Moyo (Korin Pattern), which significantly influenced Japan's current-day paintings, craftwork and design.

• 中尊寺金色堂や厳島神社社殿の修復、古社寺文化財の調査、白漆の発明など、日本の漆工芸界の草分けとして大きな功績を残した。
• He has left great achievements, such as renovation of the Chusonji-konjikido temple and the Itsukushima-jinja shrine, research work on cultural properties of old temples and shrines, invention of white Japanese lacquer, etc. as one of the pioneers of the Japanese lacquer art.

• 伝統工芸士は、その産地固有の伝統工芸の保存、技術・技法の研鑽に努力し、その技を後世の代に伝えるという責務を負っている。
• The duty of traditional craftsmen is to make efforts for the preservation of endemic traditional crafts, the improvement of their skills and techniques, and the transmission of traditions to posterity.

• こうした京漆器の工芸品は大名同士の贈答品にも用いられ全国に伝播したことから、地方漆器の起源や生産工程に影響を与えている。
• As these handicrafts of Kyo-shikki were used as presents between daimyos (Japanese territorial lords) and spread all over Japan, they have influenced the origin and manufacture process of the other local lacquerware.

• 風俗史研究家・日本画家の吉川観方から寄贈された近世日本画、浮世絵、美術工芸品のコレクションを基礎に、1973年開館した。
• It opened in 1973, based on the collections of modern Japanese-style paintings, Ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints), art craftworks donated by Kanpo YOSHIKAWA, a student of study of folklore history and Japanese-style painter.

• 油で焼きを入れると失敗は少ないが、刃文に冴えを出せず斬れ味は別として、美術工芸品を志向する現代刀には不向きだからである。
• Although quenching in oil reduces failure, it is not suitable for modern swords that are meant to become a work of art because it cannot achieve a fine Hamon (blade pattern), apart from its sharpness.

• 古くは京都画壇の中心地であったと言われ、また京都の陶磁器、漆工芸、染織などの地場産業に多くの人材を供給して活発化させた。
• Reportedly, it used to be a center for modern Kyoto painters in old days, and a large number of human resources were furnished to be located among industries such as ceramics, lacquer craftworks, and dyeing and weaving to invigorate industry.

• そしてこれは、1968年7月に京都市左京区松ヶ崎 （工芸学部 旧京都工業専門学校 校地） に統合移転するまで使用された。
• This campus had been used until July 1968, when it was integrated and relocated to Matsugasaki, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City (where the campus of the faculty of Engineering and Design (its predecessor was Kyoto Technical Vocational School) was placed).

• 融米造りや焙炒造りと同じく、伝統的な工芸品というよりも、近代的工業製品として日本酒をとらえているところが大きな特徴である。
• It is a significant characteristic of this system that, like Yumai method (the brewing method wherein rice is reduced to a gruel-like consistency to enable saccharification to proceed apace) and Baisho method (the brewing method wherein rice is heated in hot air [about 200～400 degrees Celsius]), Japanese sake is considered as a modern industrial product rather than a traditional artifact.

• 塔の先端部の相輪にある青銅製の水煙（すいえん）には飛天像が透かし彫りされており、奈良時代の高い工芸技術を現代に伝えている。
• Openwork carving of the statue of a Flying Apsara was applied to the bronze Suien (the Water Flame) decorating the Sorin on the top of the pagoda, passing on to present generations the outstanding craftsmanship of the Nara period.

• この中では根付のような関係する工芸文化も存在し、この根付は明治時代の交易に関連して海を越え、イギリスにまで愛好者を増やした。
• There was related craft culture such as netsuke (miniature carving attached to the end of a cord hanging from a pouch), and the netsuke attracted more fans in the UK after the introduction to overseas in connection with trading in the Meiji period.

• 焙炒造りと同様に、伝統的な工芸品というよりも、時代に即した近代的工業製品として日本酒をとらえているところが大きな特徴である。
• It characteristically treats sake as a modern industrial product suited to today's needs rather than a traditional craft, as it is for Baisho-zukuri (the brewing method wherein rice is heated in hot air).

• 漆工芸の一種・一閑張の日本における創始者であり、また歴代千家に一閑張による棗や香合などの道具を納めてきた細工師の家系である。
• Ikkan HIKI is the family of an artisan who started one of the lacquer craftworks, Ikkanbari (workmanship which is made of bamboo basket covered with Japanese paper painted persimmon juice) in Japan and also have delivered tea utensils such as Ikkanbari natsume (a container for powdered tea) and kogo (an incense container) to successive Senke families.

• 男性用・女性用を問わず、正装の和服は格調高く作られ、非常に高価であり、伝統工芸品・芸術作品としての価値が生まれることもある。
• For men or women, wafuku formalwear is made in a noble, dignified style; therefore, it is very expensive, and there are times when they bear value as traditional crafts and works of art.

• この「カネワリ法」は中国の陰陽論を基にした理論先行の体系であるが、本来は大工や工芸家が寸法の比例関係に用いていたものである。
• The 'kanewari measurement system' is a theoretical system based on Chinese principles of Yin and Yang, originally used by carpenters and craftsmen for taking measurements in the right proportion.

• 組み紐の専門家は伝統工芸士を中心に構成されているが、その人数は年々減少しており、最近は日本各地で後継者不足に悩まされている。
• Experts of braided cords consist primarily of traditional craftsmen, but the number continues to decrease every year; recently, the shortage of successors has become a problem in various regions of Japan.

• 二　演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの（以下「無形文化財」という。)
• 2. Intangible cultural products (such as plays, musical pieces and craft technologies) that are highly valued in our nation, either historically or artistically (such products being hereinafter referred as intangible cultural properties)

• 京都高等工芸学校は、京都市から寄附された上京区吉田町（現・左京区吉田泉殿町、京都大学京都大学西部講堂一帯）の校地で発足した。
• Kyoto Higher Craft School started in the campus of Yoshida-cho, Kamigyo Ward (current Yoshidaizumiden-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto University west lecture hall area in Kyoto University) that was contributed from Kyoto City.

• 紙師宗二は、光悦の芸術村活動に参加した工芸家で、「紙師」の文字は、紙を漉く工人を意味するのではなく、唐紙師の意で称されている。
• Soji KAMISHI was a craftsman who joined the activity in the art village of Koetsu, and the letters of 'kamishi' did not mean an artisan who made paper but meant kami-shi (a master of karakami).

• 文化庁文化財保護部美術工芸課監修『文化財保護行政ハンドブック美術工芸品編』（ぎょうせい、1998） - 7,898件（p5）。
• 'A Handbook of Cultural Properties Protection Administration - Part: Fine Arts and Crafts' compiled under the supervision of Fine Arts Division, Cultural Properties Protection Department, the Agency for Cultural Affairs (published by Gyosei in 1998) - 7,898

• 熊野筆を製造する技術者は現在1500人余りいると言われ、そのうち経済産業大臣が認可した伝統工芸士は平成20年4月現在19人いる。
• The number of the Kumano-fude craftspeople is currently said to be 1,500-plus, including 19 traditional craftsmen certified by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry as of April, 2008.

• 素材は、珊瑚、翡翠、象牙、鼈甲（べっこう）、貝、水晶、金、銀、金属に七宝を施したもの、陶器、トンボ玉などで、工芸品が多用される。
• Craft products are used for materials such as coral, jade, ivory, tortoiseshell, shell, crystal, gold silver, metal with cloisonne, ceramic and 'tonbo dama' (glass beads).

• フランスでは工芸菓子としての砂糖菓子一般を指す言葉としてシュクルダール（Sucre DArt）があり、飴細工もこの中に含まれる。
• In France there is the word Sucre Dart which refers to sugar confectionery in general as kogyo gashi (decorated sweets) and amezaiku is also included in this.

• 狭義では、日本の文化財保護法や地方公共団体の条例における文化財の種類のひとつで、音楽や工芸技術などの無形の文化的所産を意味する。
• In a narrow sense, it means intangible cultural products such as music and applied arts, which belong to one category of cultural properties specified by the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties of Japan or ordinances of local public bodies.

• 1996年の文化財保護法改正の時点では、登録の対象は当面建造物のみとされ、美術工芸品、歴史資料などは登録対象となっていなかった。
• The 1996 Amendment to the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties restricted the designation to only architectural structures, and excluding arts and crafts and historical written materials.

• 翌年には帝室技芸員の前身とされる「宮内省工芸員」を認定しているが、残念ながら資料が不足しておりその実態は明らかとなってはいない。
• They granted certification as 'Kunaisho Kogeiin' (craftsperson of the Imperial Household Ministry) the following year, which is said to be the predecessor of Teishitsu Gigeiin, but unfortunately the true nature of it is unclear because of insufficient historical materials.

• 葛飾派の祖となり、のちには、フィンセント・ファン・ゴッホなど西欧の印象派画壇の芸術家を始め、工芸家や音楽家にも影響を与えている。
• He founded the Katsushika school and later had an influence not only on Western impressionist artists such as Vincent VAN GOGH but also craftsmen and musicians.

• 指物（さしもの）とは、釘などの接合道具を使わずに、木と木を組み合わせて作られた家具、建具、調度品などの伝統工芸品の総称の事である。
• The term 'sashimono' is a generic name given to traditional craft products which are made without any joint parts such as nails; for example, furniture, doors, and other household things made by assembling wooden pieces.

• 供御人（くごにん）とは、日本中世において、朝廷に属し天皇・皇族などに山海の特産物などの食料や各種手工芸品などを貢納した集団である。
• Kugonin was a group, during the medieval period in Japan, that belonged to the Imperial court who presented food such as special products from the mountains and the sea, and various handicraft products to the Emperor and the Imperial Family.

• - 伝統産業に従事する職人や、鉱山や土木業などの産業に従事する者が集まってできた町、あるいはその産業・工芸品の売買によって栄えた町
• town formed with artisans engaged in traditional industries and those engaged in industries such as mining industry, civil engineering, and the construction industry, or a town that prospered as a result of trading related products

• - 京都市立美術高等学校、京都市立日吉ヶ丘高等学校ほかに継承（美術工芸科は1980年に独立し、京都市立銅駝美術工芸高等学校となる）
• The organization of Kyoto City Senior High School of Arts was succeeded by Kyoto Municipal Hiyoshigaoka High School and other schools (The Arts and Crafts Course in that senior high school was reorganized independently to become Kyoto City Dohda Senior High School of Arts in 1980.)

• 狭義では、日本の文化財保護法や地方公共団体の条例における文化財の種類のひとつで、建造物や美術工芸品などの有形の文化的所産を意味する。
• In a narrow sense, they are a type of cultural properties stipulated in the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties and ordinances of the local public entities, and it refers to cultural products with a tangible form including buildings and other structures, and works of fine arts and crafts.

• 京都高等工芸学校 （きょうとこうとうこうげいがっこう） は、1902年 （明治35年） に設立された旧制専門学校 （実業専門学校）。
• Kyoto Higher Craft School is an old system vocational school (Specialist School of Business) established in 1902.

• 文化財保護法は、無形文化財を「演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの」としている。
• The Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties' stipulates that intangible cultural properties include 'performance, music, craft techniques and the like with particularly high historical or artistic value for Japan'.

• 高松塚古墳の場合、特別史跡である古墳自体は文化庁記念物課、国宝である壁画は美術工芸課（2001年1月より美術学芸課と改称）の管轄である。
• In case of Takamatsuzuka Tumulus, the Monument and Site Division is in charge of the tumulus itself as a special historic site and the Art and Craft Division (whose name changed to Fine Art Division in January 2001) is in charge of the mural paintings as a national treasure.

• 帝室技芸員（ていしつぎげいん）は、明治23年（1890年）から終戦直後まで宮内省によって運営されていた、美術・工芸作家の顕彰制度である。
• Teishitsu Gigeiin was a system for honoring craftspeople and artisans, which had been operated by the Imperial Household Ministry since 1890 until right after the end of the war (World War II).

• これには同じく文明開化で低迷していた京都の主力産業である伝統工芸の近代化を支援するため、密接な関係にある美術界を盛んにする目的もあった。
• Another purpose was to activate art circles that were closely related to traditional arts and crafts, which were the main industries of Kyoto, in order to support the modernization of traditional arts and crafts.

• 1910年（明治43）、京都市立銅駝美術工芸高等学校卒業後、西陣織の図案描きの仕事をしていたが、日本画家を志して京都市立芸術大学に入学。
• After graduating from Kyoto City Dohda Senior High School Of Arts, Insho was drawing designs of Nishijin-brocade but subsequently enrolled in Kyoto City University of Arts in 1910 with the aspiration of becoming a Japanese-style painting artist.

• 別当や預 (役職)、奉行などの監督の下に鍛治・番匠・檜物師・鋳物師などの職人が集められ、権門のために工芸品や道具・器具を製造して奉仕した。
• Workmen such as Kaji (smith), Bansho (builder), Himonoshi (hinoki cypress craftsman), Imonoshi (caster) and so on were gathered under the supervision of Betto (administrator of a Buddhist temple), Azukari (an additional post to the chief of Naizenshi [imperial table office]), Bugyo (magistrate) and so on, and gave their service by manufacturing handicrafts, tools and instruments for Kenmon.

• 1982年 第35回京都府美術工芸展にて「截金彩色屏風　萬象放輝」が大賞を受賞 / 東京銀座和光ホールにて第1回「江里佐代子截金展」を開催
• 1982: Her 'Color folding saikin screen titled Banzo hoki' was awarded the top honor in the 35th Prefectural Art and Art Craft Exhibition and she held her first 'Saikin Exhibition of SAYOKO Eri' in Tokyo Ginza Wako Hall.

• ジャポニズムによって、その後の家具や衣料から宝石に到るまであらゆる工芸品のグラフィックデザインに、日本的な要素が取り入れられるようになった。
• As a result of Japonism, Japanese elements came to be incorporated into the later graphic design of all crafts ranging from furniture and clothing to jewelry.

• 日本人形のなかでも、節句人形は伝統的にその手や足、頭（顔）、髪結い、衣裳の仕立てなどそれぞれを専門に製作を受け持つ人形工芸師が分業している。
• Even among Japanese dolls, traditionally the hands and feet, faces, hairdos and costumes of the dolls for the Girls Day and Boy's Day Festivals are each made by a craftsman who specialize in that part of the doll.

• 融米造り（ゆうまいづくり）と同じく、伝統的な工芸品というよりも、時代に即した近代的工業製品として日本酒をとらえているところが大きな特徴である。
• The remarkable feature of this method is that this method is developed from a viewpoint for Japanese sake to be a modern industrial product which fits the current time rather than a traditional handicraft product similarly to Yumai-zukuri method.

• 有人改札口を入ったところ（改札階から見ると中2階的な空間にあたる）には『御池駅ギャラリー』があり地域の情報や美術工芸品が掲示・展示されている。
• Entering from the manned ticket gate, you will find 'Oike Station Gallery' (in a mezzanine-like space when viewed from the gate-placed level), where local information and art/craft works are displayed.

• 伝統工芸士（でんとうこうげいし）とは、伝統的工芸品産業の振興に関する法律第24条第8号に基づいて伝統的工芸品産業振興協会が行う認定試験である。
• The Traditional Craftsman is the accreditation examination conducted by the Traditional Crafts Industry Promotion Association Foundation in accordance with Paragraph 8 of Section 24 of the Act concerning the Promotion of Traditional Craft Industries.

• この期間中、猿ヶ辻の邸宅は京都御所拡張のために召し上げられ、幟仁親王は現在の京都市立銅駝美術工芸高等学校の場所にあった宮家の夷川別邸に転居した。
• During this period, the residence near the Saru-ga-tsuji Crossroads was confiscated in order to expand the Kyoto Imperial Palace, and Imperial Prince Takahito had to move to the family's secondary residence called the Ebisugawa Villa, whose site is currently used for Kyoto City Dohda Senior High School of Arts.

• 文化財保護法施行以前の旧法では「国宝」と「重要文化財」の区別はなく、国指定の有形文化財（美術工芸品および建造物）はすべて「国宝」と称されていた。
• Under the old laws that existed prior to enforcement of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, there was no distinction made between 'national treasure' and 'important cultural property,' meaning that all the items (from buildings to works of art and crafts) designated by the state as tangible cultural assets were called national treasures.

• 元興寺塔は高さ5.5メートル、海龍王寺塔は4メートルほどの小品で、当初から屋内に置かれたものだが工芸品ではなく建造物として国宝に指定されている。
• The Ganko-ji Temple pagoda stands 5.5 meters tall, while the Kairyuo-ji Temple pagoda is truly miniature at just 4 meters; despite the fact that they are both placed indoors, it was as structures, not as craft works, that they were designated national treasures.

• 良民は、高級官僚である貴族を初め、下級官人、一般の百姓（公民と呼ばれることもあった）、雑色人（品部・雑戸という工芸技術を持つ半自由民）があった。
• The ryomin included the nobles, who were high-ranking officials; low-ranking officials; general peasants, who were sometimes called 'public people'; and lower level functionaries, including semi-free skilled craftsmen known as 'shinabe' and 'zakko.'

• 自身の作品のみならず、京都高等工芸学校（現・京都工芸繊維大学）図案科や京都帝国大学（現・京都大学）に工学部建築学科を創立し多くの後進を育成した。
• He established the Faculty of Design course in Kyoto Handicraft High School (current Kyoto Institute of Technology) and the Faculty of Engineering Undergraduate School of Architecture in Kyoto Imperial University (current Kyoto University) and educated many young people.

• 敷地はかつての旧制専門学校京都高等工芸学校（京都工芸繊維大学の前身校の一つ）の校地で、同校が松ヶ崎の現校地に移転したのち京都帝大の校地となった。
• The site of Seibu-Kodo Hall is the school land of the old-education-system vocational school Kyoto Craft High School (one of the former Kyoto Institutes of Technology), and after the high school was relocated to the present school land in Matsugasaki, it became the property of Kyoto Imperial University.

• 室町時代には日明貿易によって引き続き中国文化が持ち込まれ、この時期に輸入された織物や陶器、書画などは、現代に残る伝統工芸品の技術に流れ込んでいる。
• In the Muromachi period, Chinese culture continued to be brought in by the trade between Japan and the Ming Dynasty in China, and textiles, earthenware, and calligraphic works and paintings which were imported during this time fed into techniques of traditional crafts remaining in the modern age.

• 古社寺保存法および国宝保存法の下で指定された「国宝」は1950年（昭和25年）現在で宝物類（美術工芸品）5,824件、建造物1,059件に及んだ。
• As of 1950, the number of items and so forth designated national treasures under either the Ancient Temples and Shrines Preservation Law or the Law for the Preservation of National Treasures reached 5,824 valuable objects (art or craft works) and 1,059 buildings.

• 2001年 第48回日本伝統工芸展にて「截金飾筥　シルクロード幻想」が高松宮記念賞を受賞 / 京都宇治平等院の雲中供養菩薩（国宝）の復元製作に参加
• 2001: 'Saikin kazaribako Silk Road Illusion' was awarded the 48th Takamatsunomiya Memorial Award at the Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition and participated in reconstruction of 'Unchu Kuyo Bosatsu' (National Treasure) in Kyoto Uji-byodoin Temple.

• このパリ万国博覧会 (1900年)に出席するために、川崎は7人の一族を引き連れてヨーロッパを巡遊し、イギリスの造船業と諸国の美術工芸を見てまわった。
• In order to attend World Exposition in Paris, Kawasaki took 7 family members to Europe where they viewed the shipbuilding industry of England and arts from various countries.

• 旧制・新制（旧工芸学部）合同の会である （2006年、繊維学部・工芸学部が工芸科学部に統合されたため、同窓会も京都工芸繊維大学同窓会に統合の方向）。
• It is a combined association of the old and new education systems (old department of Faculty of Crafts) (the Faculties of Textile and Crafts were unified to the Faculty of Craft Science in 2006, and thus the alumni association has a direction to be unified into Alumni Association of Kyoto Institute of Technology.)

• 指定にあたっては、たとえば「人形浄瑠璃文楽」「能楽」のような芸能、「備前焼」「彫金」のような工芸技術といった無形の「わざ」を重要無形文化財に指定する。
• Intangible skills such as performing art including 'ningyojoruri' (Japanese traditional puppet show) and 'nogaku' (classical Japanese musical drama) or technique of arts and crafts including 'bizen yaki' (Japanese pottery produced in Okayama Prefecture) and 'chokin' (metalworking technique) are designated as important intangible cultural properties.

• 経済産業大臣指定伝統的工芸品の製造に現在も直接従事して試験実施年度の4月1日現在、12年以上の実務経験年数を有して、原則産地内に居住している者である。
• The qualifications of candidacy for the examination are that candidates be engaged directly in the manufacture of Traditional Crafts designated by the Minister for Economy, Trade and Industry, that as of April 1st of their examination years, the number of years of their work experience be 12 or more, and that they live principally in the production areas of Traditional Crafts.

• それでも京屋敷が置かれた背景には朝廷の政治的権威が失墜したこの時代にあっても京都は日本を代表する工芸品の生産地であり、学問・文化の中心都市でもあった。
• Some of the reasons why the Kyo-yashiki residences were maintained despite such situations were the facts that Kyoto was a representative production district of Japan for artifacts and also the center of learning/culture even in the particular period when the political power of the Imperial court fell down.

• 総合資料館には、一般図書約32万冊のほか、京都府の行政資料、社寺や旧家伝来の古文書、美術工芸品、玩具、人形、民俗資料などの実物資料などが収蔵されている。
• It stores real tangible materials, such as the administrative documents of Kyoto Prefecture, ancient documents of temples, shrines and old families, arts and crafts, toys, dolls, folk materials, as well as 320,000 general books.

• また、日用品も、現代では多くが大企業の工場で作られるようになったが、その技術も、古くから培われてきた伝統工芸品の技術を応用して生産されているものが多い。
• Although many daily necessities came to be produced at plants of major companies presently, to the technique of production, the technique of traditional crafts accumulated from old times is often applied.

• また、殖産興業のために工芸品の意匠・デザインに関する教育をおこなうことも目的のひとつであり、その課程に西洋画を導入したことは当時としては画期的であった。
• Also, another purpose was to provide education in the design of crafts in order to encourage new industry, and it was history making for a school of that time to introduce Western Painting in educational courses.

• 各巻とも水晶に金銀透彫りの金具をほどこした軸首や金銀の砂子（すなご）・切箔（きりはく）などを多用した料紙、あるいはまた紐などに当時の工芸技術を伝えている。
• The head of an axis with metal fittings with kingin sukashi-bori (openwork carving on gold or silver), the ryoshi in which gold or silver fine powders and kirihaku (decorative metal pattern on sculptures or paintings) are richly used, and the strings used in each scroll show the craft skills at that time.

• 時代の流れで量産の必要性から、やや粗製濫造の傾向にある東京・大阪の唐紙屋に対して、伝統を重んじる京都の伝統工芸的職人の唐紙師の意地が示されていると言える。
• It can be said that it showed the spirit of kami-shi as traditional craftsmen in Kyoto who regarded tradition highly as opposed to the karakami makers in Tokyo and Osaka who tended to make crude kami-shi because of the necessity of mass production of current times.

• 2008年までに認定された工芸技術部門の重要無形文化財保持者（各個認定）は以下の160名である（2008年（平成20年）9月11日付け認定分までを含む。）
• The following 160 people were authorized by 2008 (including those authorized by September 11, 2008) as a holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (individual certification) in a technical art field.

• 1957年には川勝堅一の計らいで「白地草花絵扁壷」が、ミラノ・トリエンナーレ国際工芸展グランプリを受賞するも、無位無冠の陶工とし晩年まで創作活動を行った。
• In 1957, his 'flower design flat vase with white glaze' (白地草花絵扁壷) won the grand prize at the Milan Triennale International Industrial Art Exhibition arranged by Kenichi KAWAKATSU, but Kanjiro continued to work as a potter without rank or prize until his later years.

• 文化財保護委員会『指定文化財総合目録　美術工芸品篇』（昭和33年版・昭和43年版）において「教王護国寺」「観智院」「宝菩提院」の所有とされている物件を挙げた。
• In 'A General Record of Designated Cultural Properties: Arts and Crafts' (1958 and 1968 editions), from the Cultural Properties Protection Committee, these items were listed as belonging to 'Kyoogokoku-ji', 'Kanchiin', and 'Hobodaiin'.

• しかし、日本には西洋のような「美術」と「工芸」の厳然たる区別は無く、日本の美術品は総じて装飾的・工芸的とみなされヨーロッパ美術よりも一段低いところに置かれた。
• However, the clear distinction between arts and crafts seen in the West did not exist in Japan, so Japanese art, as a whole, was deemed too decorative and technical, and it was ranked a bit lower than European art.

• 現在、「綴」「経錦」「緯錦」「緞子」「朱珍」「紹巴」「風通」「捩り織」「本しぼ織」「ビロード」「絣織」「紬」の12品目の織り技法が伝統工芸品の指定を受けている。
• Today twelve of the weaving techniques are designated Traditional Craft Products: 'tsuzure,' 'tate (warp) nishiki,' 'yoko (weft) nishiki,' 'donsu' (damask), 'shuchin' (satin with raised figures), 'joha' (heavily twisted yarns for both warp and weft, fine herringbone horizontal patterns or chevrons), 'futsu' (brocades with patterns), 'mojiri ori' (gauze), 'honshibo ori' (warps and wefts with different twists are combined then immersed in hot water), 'velvet,' 'kasuri ori,' and 'tsumugi' (roughly textured silk fabric).

• 伝統工芸士の熟練技術をコンピュータで再現させるエキスパートシステム化プロジェクトが博多織についても1994年から始まり、その過程でカラー写真織技術が開発される。
• The Hakata Color Image Weaving was developed in an effort to realize the technical skills of traditional craftsmen for Hakata-ori textile in an 'expert systemizing project' that was started in 1994, which involved the use of computers.

• 頭上の宝冠は、正面に銀製の阿弥陀如来像を飾り、数多くの宝石や透かし彫りで飾った華麗なもので、普段は近くで見ることはできないが、奈良時代工芸の優品として知られる。
• The coronet on her head is splendid with silver Amida Nyorai-zo (the statue of Amitabha Tathagata) on the front and many pieces of jewelry and fretworks as decoration; although we cannot normally see the statue closely, it is known as one of the best industrial arts of the Nara Period.

• 五世紀に、人口の大きな移動とともに、ローマ後期様式の工芸産業と、ウィーン・ジェネシスが生まれ、古代と単純に違うだけでなく、新しい知覚のあり方のアートが誕生した。
• The fifth century, with its great shifts of population, saw the birth of the late Roman art industry and the Vienna Genesis, and there developed not only an art different from that of antiquity but also a new kind of perception.

• 源蔵も後に科学教育に携わるようになり、1886年（明治19年）には「理化学的工芸雑誌」を発刊し、京都府師範学校（現・京都教育大学）の金工科で教職を一年間務めた。
• Later, Genzo also became involved in science education, and he published 'craftzine of physical and chemical science' in 1886, and also worked as a teacher at the Department of metal craft of the Kyoto Prefectural Normal School (today's Kyoto University of Education) for a year.

• この活躍が認められ、1867年（慶応3年）に渋沢栄一らと共に幕命でフランスのパリ万国博覧会 (1867年)に随行、学問、工芸を学び、アメリカを経由して帰国した。
• This distinguished service was well recognized, and he was allowed to accompany with the participants of Paris International Exposition in France (1867) to study liberal arts and industrial arts, while he also visit the United States before he came back to Japan.

• 建造物以外の有形文化財（美術工芸品）の登録有形文化財についてどのようなものが該当するかは、改正された「登録有形文化財登録基準」（文部科学省告示）に定められている。
• The amended 'Standard for Registration of Tangible Cultural Properties' (notified by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) defines which tangible cultural property relating to arts and crafts are suitable for registration.

• 五明とは、声明（音韻学・文法学）・工巧明（工芸・技術論）・医方明（医学）・因明（倫理学）・内明（自己の宗旨の学問、仏教者の場合は仏教学）の5種類の学問分野を指す。
• Gomyo refers to five academic fields - Shomyo (phonology and grammar), Kugyomyo (technics and technology), Ihomyo (medical science), Inmyo (ethics) and Naimyo (study of a scholar's religion, as in Buddhism for a Buddhist).

• 白地の平滑な地に描かれる図柄は主に「宝船」や「鯉の瀧昇り」、「七福神」などおめでたく華美なものがほとんどを占め、美術工芸品並みの技巧を凝らし創られたタイルもある。
• Most designs drawn on smooth, white tiles are mainly themes of happiness and luxury, such as 'treasure ship,' 'carp rising and falling' and 'Seven Deities of Good Luck,' and some tiles are made by giving full play to the producer's technique at the same level as for art craftworks.

• 運動の中心であった柳は、当時ほとんど研究が進んでおらず、美術品としての評価も定まっていなかった日本各地の民衆的工芸品の調査・収集のため、日本全国を精力的に旅した。
• Yanagi, who was the key figure of the movement, actively traveled to various places in Japan to investigate and collect folkish handicrafts that had hardly been researched or evaluated as art.

• 1992年 第8回日本伝統工芸第七部会展にて「截金彩色小筥　たまゆら」が日本工芸会賞を受賞 / 明日への茶道美術公募展にて「風炉先屏風　万象」が淡交社奨励賞を受賞
• 1992: 'Color saikin box titled Tamayura' was awarded the Nihon Kogeikai Award at the Eighth Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition, Section Seven, and 'Furosaki byobu titled Bansho' was awarded the Tankosha Publishing Co., Ltd Encouragement Prize at the Exhibition of Public Contribution of Japanese Tea Ceremony Art for Tomorrow.

• 京都は平安遷都以後現在に至るまで、政治・文化と同様に日本の漆工芸の中心地として王朝貴族の祭祀装飾品から茶道具まで特に手間隙をかけた完成度の高い漆器を送り出してきた。
• Kyoto has been the center of production of lacquer craftworks in Japan as well as of politics and culture since the transfer of national capital to the city of Heian-kyo, supplying high-quality lacquerware made with a great deal of time and care, from religious service accessories to tea utensils of the royalty and nobility.

• 本阿弥光悦の晩年の元和 (日本)元年（1615年）、徳川家康から洛北の鷹ケ峰に広大な敷地を与えられ、各種の工芸家を集め本阿弥光悦流の芸術精神で統一した芸術村営んだ。
• In 1615, during his later years, he was given spacious premises at Takagamine in the northern suburb of Kyoto by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and ran an art village where various craftsmen got together that was unified by his own spirit of art.

• 主な実績は、2007年「京都府美術工芸新鋭選抜展 -新しい波- 2007」（京都府文化博物館／京都）入選、2008年「第11回岡本太郎現代芸術大賞」入選などがある。
• Notable achievements include his selection in the 'Selected Artists in Kyoto -2007 New Wave' in 2007 (at the Museum of Kyoto) and his being chosen to receive 'The Eleventh Taro Okamoto Award for Contemporary Art' in 2008.

• 1993年 第22回日本工芸会近畿支部展にて「截金飾筥　游華」が日本経済新聞社賞を受賞 / 京都府あけぼの賞を受賞 / 第14回民族衣装文化功労者・伝統文化賞を受賞
• 1993: 'Kirikane kazaribako titled Ryuka' (an ornamental covered box decorated with kirikane, titled playing flowers) was awarded the Nikkei Inc. Award, received the Kyoto Prefecture Akebono Award, and the Traditional Cultural Award of the 14th national Costume Cultural Distinguished services Prize.

• 1950年時点での重美認定件数について、建造物の件数が299件であることは諸資料が一致しているが、美術工芸品の件数については、以下のように資料によってまちまちである。
• In terms of the number of accredited important art objects as of 1950, every record agrees that there were 299 accredited buildings, but the number of art and craft objects does vary from record to record as follows.

• これらの組み紐は熟練の職人による一点ものの手工芸品だったが、1882年ドイツのバーメンから、工業用の組み紐製造機が輸入され、組み紐業が産業として成立するようになった。
• These braided cord products had been one-of-a-kind handicrafts created by master craftsmen, but a braided cord machine for industrial use was imported from Barmen, Germany in 1882, making braided cord manufacturing an industry.

• 洋菓子の世界ではパティシエがその技術と芸術性を発揮できる分野である一方、和菓子の飴細工は有平細工のような例外を除いて、もっぱら大道芸、伝統工芸の1つと見なされている。
• In the world of western confectionery the technique and artistry are exerted, but on the other hand, amezaiku of Japanese confectionery is regarded as exclusively one of street performance or traditional performing arts, except for something like aruheizaiku.

• 特に19世紀中頃の万国博覧会（国際博覧会）へ出品などをきっかけに、日本美術（浮世絵、琳派、工芸品など）が注目され、印象派やアール・ヌーヴォーの作家たちに影響を与えた。
• In particular, the exhibition of pieces at the world fairs (international expositions) of the mid-19th century, shed light on Japanese art (including ukiyoe woodblock prints, works of the Rinpa School and crafts), which influenced impressionist and Art Nouveau artists.

• これは、旧制・新制 （旧繊維学部） 合同の会となっている （2006年、繊維学部・工芸学部が工芸科学部に統合されたため、同窓会も京都工芸繊維大学同窓会に統合の方向）。
• It is a joint alumni association of the old system and the new system (the former faculty of Textile Science) ('Kinugasa Association' is going to be merged with 'the alumni association of Kyoto Institute of Technology,' since the faculty of Engineering and Design and the faculty of Textile and Science were integrated into the school of Science and Technology in 2006).

• 日本の文化財保護法第2条第1項第2号では、演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で、日本国にとって歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いものを、「無形文化財」と定義している。
• Article 2, Paragraph 1, Item (2) of the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties defines 'intangible cultural properties' as art and skill employed in drama, music and applied arts, and other intangible cultural products which possess a high historical and/or artistic value in and for Japan.

• このため、各藩の高度な工芸品などの調達や儀式典礼に関する知識・情報の収集、自藩の産物の売り込みや商人からの借財などの金融取引など、大坂の蔵屋敷に近い役割を果たしていた。
• The Kyo-yashiki residences played a role in purchasing high-level artifacts of each domain, collecting the knowledge/information on ceremonies and rites, promoting the sale of the products of their own domains and financial dealings like borrowing from merchants, and so on which were close to the role of the Kurayashiki (Warehouse-residence) in Osaka.

• 歴史、史跡、神社、寺院、建築、庭園、美術、伝統工芸、伝統文化、花街、祭とイベント、京料理、京菓子、ならわし、ことばと伝説、地名、自然、観光学など、京都に関すること全般。
• General knowledge related to Kyoto including history, historical sites, shrines, temples, architecture, gardens, arts, traditional industrial arts, traditional culture, entertainment areas, festivals and events, Kyo-ryori (local cuisine of Kyoto), Kyoto Confectionary, customs, dialects and folk tales, geographical names, natural resources, tourism, etc.

• 日本の文化財保護法において、無形文化財とは、演劇、音楽、工芸技術その他の無形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いものをいう（同法第2条第1項第2号）。
• Under the Law for Protection of Cultural Properties, intangible cultural properties are defined as dramatic, musical, artistic and other intangible cultural artifacts deemed as historically or artistically valuable to Japanese history (Article 2, Section 1, Part 2).

• 尚宮（総務的な仕事）・尚儀（礼楽に携わる）・尚服（衣服に携わる）・尚食（食事に携わる）・尚寝（居住空間に携わる）・尚功（工芸に携わる）の六尚に分けられて職務に従事した。
• The Kyukan was further divided into six job titles (六尚, 'liu-shang' in Chinese) and the pursuant job duties: Shang-kung (尚宮, Services related to General affairs), Shangyi (尚儀, Services related to Manner & Etiquette and Music), Shang-fu (尚服, Services related to Clothing), Shang-shih (尚食, Services related to Foods and Beverages), Shang-chin (尚寝, Services related to Housing and Living) and Shang-kung (尚功, Services related to Arts and Crafts).

• また、「伝統的工芸品産業の振興に関する法律」では経済産業省が認定する伝統工芸は国から指定によって保護や援助を受けているが、日本刺繍の中では「京繍」のみが指定されている。
• The 'Law for the Promotion of Traditional Craft Industries' states that the traditional crafts designated by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry are granted governmental protection and aid, however, of all nihon shishu, only Kyoshu is designated as such.

• しかし、驚くべき技術の発展、到達された適応性、その精密さ、そして考え方と、創造された習慣は、古代の工芸の美において、ものすごい変化が差し迫っていることを確かなものにする。
• But the amazing growth of our techniques, the adaptability and precision they have attained, the ideas and habits they are creating, make it a certainty that profound changes are impending in the ancient craft of the Beautiful.

• 「芸能または工芸技術の性格上個人的特色が薄く」かつ「当該芸能または工芸技術を保持する者が多数いる場合」において、「これらの者が主たる構成員となっている団体」が認定される。
• Certification is given to a group of key members within all of the holders when 'the performing or technical art is not at all individualistic' and when 'there are many holders of the relevant performing or technical art.'

• 長男に外務大臣 (日本)となる本野一郎、次男に4代目読売新聞社社長となる本野英吉郎、3男に京都帝国大学教授の本野亨、4男に建築家で京都工芸繊維大学教授を務めた本野精吾がいる。
• His oldest son Ichiro MOTONO was Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan), the second son Eikichiro MOTONO was the forth president of the Yomiuri Shimbun, the third son Toru MOTONO was a professor of Kyoto Imperial University and the forth son Seigo MOTONO was an architect and a professor of Kyoto Institute of Technology.

• 1986年 第38回京都府美術工芸展にて「截金衝立　コスミックウェーブ」が市長賞を受賞 / 京都工芸美術作家協会展にて「衝立　夜間飛行」が奨励賞受賞 / 日本工芸会正会員認定
• 1986: She was awarded the Mayor's Award for her 'saikin folding screen titled Cosmic Wave' at the 38th Prefectural Art and Art Craft Exhibition and 'Tsuitate titled Night time Flying,' received the Encouragement Prize at Kyoto Art Crafts Creators Union Exhibition, and she was accepted as a full member of Japan Art Crafts Association.

• 現代では伝統工芸と西洋文化の融合が図られる事例もあり、アメリカ合衆国のスポーツブランドナイキはスポーツ・シューズのストリングの紐に伝統的な平打ちの組み紐の「三分紐」を採用した。
• At present, there is a case of fusion between traditional industrial arts and Western culture, and U.S. sports brand Nike adopted 'Sanbu-himo braid' as strings of its sports shoes.

• （しかし、ヨーロッパ美術界でアカデミック絵画の権威や美術と工芸の境界が揺らぎ始めたこの時期、日本の美術品は前衛的な芸術家らにジャポニズムという強力な影響を与えることとなった。）
• At that time, however, the prestige of academic paintings began to shake and the boundary between arts and crafts became obscure in the European art community, so Japanese art works greatly influenced European avant-gardists and gave birth to Japonisme.

• また、衆徒・神人とよばれる俗人を多数配下において大人口を誇り、経済・学問・工芸活動などが盛んだった寺社周辺は、近年の日本歴史学で「境内都市」と呼ばれる一大メガロポリスであった。
• The temples had many laypeople called Shuto, Jinin who made up large megalopolises surrounding temples with high economical, learning and craft-making activity called 'Keidai toshi' (temple city) in recent Japanese history studies.

• 千代紙(ちよがみ)とは、日本の伝統的な遊びである折り紙を作るために使われたり、紙人形の衣装、工芸品や化粧箱に装飾の目的で貼られる、紋や柄の豊かな和紙で作られた正方形の紙である。
• 'Chiyogami' is square sheets of Japanese paper with crests or patterns used for a traditional play in Japan called 'origami' (paper folding), making costumes of paper dolls, or covering handicraft or presentation box for decoration purpose.

• 文化財保護法による国宝の指定対象となるものは有形文化財であり、具体的には建造物、絵画、彫刻、工芸品、書跡、典籍、古文書、考古資料、歴史資料である（同法第2条第1項第1号参照）。
• The items that can be designated national treasures as specified in the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties are any items considered tangible cultural assets; specifically, they are broken down into the following categories: buildings, paintings, sculptures, crafts, calligraphy work, books, ancient documents, archaeological materials, and historical materials (for more information, see the first part of item one under Article 2 of the abovementioned law).

• その一方で炭供御人、氷室供御人など様々な手工芸品を扱ったため、貢納物を超える生産物は諸国往来権を持つ彼ら自身により流通経路に載せられ、商人としての活動も行っていたと見られている。
• On the other hand, Kugonin handled various handicraft products such as sumi (charcoal) Kugonin and himuro (warehouse for ice) Kugonin and, therefore, it seems that they also acted as merchants because of the fact that their products, in excess of those presented to the Imperial court, were sold in their distribution networks by themselves utilizing their right to travel to various provinces.

• 相国寺および臨済宗相国寺派に属する鹿苑寺（金閣寺）や慈照寺（銀閣寺）などが所有する墨蹟・絵画・工芸品等の文化財（国宝 5点と国の重要文化財 136点を含む）を収蔵・展示している。
• It stores and exhibits Cultural Properties (five National Treasures and 136 National Important Cultural Properties) including writings, paintings, and handicrafts owned by Shokoku-ji Temple, Rokuon-ji Temple (Kinkaku-ji Temple) and Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple) that are affiliated with the Shokoku-ji School of the Rinzai Zen sect.

• 国の重要文化財に指定された『鵜図』『枯木鳴鵙図』『紅梅鳩図』他にも『正面達磨図』『盧葉達磨図』『盧雁図屏風』『野馬図』など優れた水墨画・鞍・木刀などの工芸品が現在に伝わっている。
• His painting 'U-zu' (Cormorant), 'Koboku Meigeki-zu' (Shrike on a Withered Branch) and 'Kobai Hato-zu' (Pigeon on a Red Japanese Apricot) are designated as important cultural properties of the country, and there remain his other great works of ink-wash painting such as 'Shomen Daruma-zu' (Bodhidharma Facing Us), 'Royo Daruma-zu' (Bodhidharma by Reed Leaf), 'Rogan-zu Byobu' (Folding Screen of 'Goose by Reed Leaf'), 'Yaba-zu' (Wild Horse), and craft including a saddle and a wooden sword.

• 柳、濱田、河井らは、当時の美術界ではほとんど無視されていた日本各地の日常雑器、日用品など、無名の工人による民衆的工芸品の中に真の美を見出し、これを世に広く紹介する活動に尽力した。
• Yanagi, Hamada and Kawai worked hard to find real beauty in the folkish handicrafts by unknown craftsman such as articles for daily use in various places in Japan that were almost ignored in the art industry at that time.

• 重要文化財は建造物の部と美術工芸品の部の大きく2つに分かれ、美術工芸品の部はさらに絵画、彫刻、工芸品、書跡・典籍、古文書（こもんじょ）、考古資料、歴史資料の7部門に分かれている。
• Important cultural properties can be classified into the buildings category and the artworks and crafts category; the artworks and crafts category is further divided into seven sections, namely paintings, sculptures, crafts, calligraphies and books, archaeological resources, ancient documents and historical resources.

• 幕末、ヨーロッパの万国博覧会に出展した幕府や各藩の工芸品や美術品はすぐれた装飾品として絶賛され、日本の工芸へのヨーロッパからの関心が高まり、外貨を稼ぐ輸出品となる可能性が開かれた。
• In the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, the shogunate and some domains put handicrafts and art works in international European exhibitions, and they were highly praised as excellent decorations, so that Japanese crafts attracted the attention of European people, and their export enabled Japanese to gain foreign currency.

• 飛鳥時代については、仏教絵画に限らず、絵画の遺品そのものが僅少であり、法隆寺の玉虫厨子の壁面に表わされた絵画や、中宮寺の天寿国繍帳のような工芸遺品の意匠から当時の絵画をしのぶほかない。
• Regarding the Asuka period, the remains of paintings, not to mention Buddhist paintings, are scarce and therefore we can only imagine the paintings of those days from the paintings shown on the walls of Tamamushi-no-Zushi (the 'Beetle Shrine') of Horyu-ji Temple and from the designs of such remaining artifacts as tenjukoku shucho (embroidery representing Tenjukoku paradise) at Chugu-ji Temple.

• 1951年4月： 旧京都工専 機械科・第二部機械科・電気科・化学工業科を母体に、京都工芸繊維大学工業短期大学部が設置された （創立時の学科： 機械電気科・化学工業科。3年制夜間課程）。
• April, 1951: Kyoto Institute of Technology, Industry Junior College Department was instituted from a parent organization of the Departments of Machinery, Second Machinery, Electricity, Chemical Industry in the Kyoto Special School of Technology under the old system as a parent organization (Departments at the time of establishment: Machinery Electric, and Chemical Industry department, three year night course).

• 江戸時代からとだえることなくつたわる漆工芸や螺鈿の技術等により工芸品としては高度なものであるが、弦の張力は演奏に耐えるものではなく、演奏のための楽器としての復元は昭和になってからである。
• Although they were sophisticated as craftworks thanks to the techniques of lacquer craftworks and mother-of-pearl works successively handed down from the Edo period, the tension of the strings cannot withstand performance, and the restoration of instruments for performance was done after the Showa period.

• 演劇、音楽などの芸能の分野では「各個認定」と「人間国宝芸能分野における「総合認定」」が行われ、工芸技術の分野では「各個認定」と「人間国宝工芸技術分野における「保持団体認定」」が行われる。
• Individual Certification' and 'General Certification' prevails within the fields of performing arts, such as plays and music, while 'Individual Certification' and 'Preservation Group Certification' mainly occurs in the field of technical arts.

• その伝統は現在も伝統工芸として残るのみならず、京セラや島津製作所など先端技術を持つ企業を初め、任天堂やワコールなど業界トップクラスの本社が集まるなど、現代産業を支えている地域の一つである。
• Kyoto City maintains its legacy, as can be seen in traditional handicraft; furthermore, with industry-leading companies such as Nintendo and Wacoal Holdings Corporation, along with high-tech companies such as Kyocera Corporation and Shimadzu Corporation, which are headquartered in the city, Kyoto is becoming one of the areas capable of sustaining current industries.

• また日本伝統工芸展において日本工芸会総裁賞、日本経済新聞社賞や高松宮記念賞、京都工芸美術展では市長賞など受賞を重ね、夫の江里康慧との二人展「仏像と截金」なども開催し、截金の認知度を高めた。
• She became famous for receiving the Nihon Kogeikai (the Japan Art Crafts Association) director-general prize in the Japan Traditional Art Crafts Exhibition, Nikkei Inc. Award, Takamatsunomiya Memorial Award, and the Mayor's Prize in the Kyoto Applied Fine Arts Exhibition, and had an exhibition of 'Buddhist statues and saikin' with her husband, Kokei ERI.

• 京漆器は全国の漆器産地の中でも、とりわけ薄い木地を用い、入念な下地を施し、洗練された優美な蒔絵が施された、日常的に使う器というよりも「美術工芸品」としての価値観に基づいてつくられる漆器である。
• Kyo-shikki is a lacquerware produced on the basis of values as 'arts and crafts' rather than as serving dishes for daily use, being made from thinner wood grain, treated with foundation more carefully and given more sophisticated and elegant makie (Japanese lacquer sprinkled with gold or silver powder) on it than lacquerware produced in any other area of Japan.

• 「2人以上の者が一体となって芸能を高度に体現している場合」や「2人以上の者が共通の特色を有する工芸技術を高度に体得している場合」において、「これらの者が構成している団体の構成員」が認定される。
• Certification is given to 'two or more persons who are working together to embody a performing art at the highest level' or 'two or more persons who are a master of a technical art that shares certain characteristics.'

• 日本の近代美術史全体に配慮しながら、京都を中心に関西・西日本の美術に比重を置き、京都画壇の日本画、洋画などを積極的に収集、展示し、河井寛次郎の陶芸、染織など工芸作品のコレクションも充実している。
• While containing an overview of the whole of modern art in Japan, MOMAK places particular emphasis on collections and art exhibitions in the western regions of Japan especially in Kyoto, such as Japanese-style paintings of the Kyoto School and Western-style paintings, and also it has a large collection of art works, such as the ceramics of Kanjiro KAWAI and dyed textiles.

• 正倉院の宝物には日本製品、中国（唐）や西域、遠くは ペルシャなどからの輸入品を含めた絵画・書跡・金工・漆工・木工・刀剣・陶器・ガラス器・楽器・仮面など、古代の美術工芸の粋を集めた作品が多く残る。
• The treasures in Shosoin are from Japan, China (Tang) and the western Orient as far as Persia, and include numerous paintings, calligraphy, metalwork, lacquerware, woodwork, swords, ceramics, glassware, musical instruments, and masks, thus constituting the creme of ancient arts and crafts.

• 一　建造物、絵画、彫刻、工芸品、書跡、典籍、古文書その他の有形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの（これらのものと一体をなしてその価値を形成している土地その他の物件を含む。）
• 1. Tangible items (such as buildings, paintings, sculptures, crafts, calligraphies, literatures, ancient documents and other tangible cultural products) that are highly valued in our nation, either historically or artistically (including all the auxiliary parts or land attached to such value)

• 日本刀研磨は、他の刃物砥ぎと、かなり相異する点としては、刃物としての切れ味を前提としつつ、工芸品としての日本刀の美的要素を引き出す事を主眼としている点、刃部のみで無く、刀身全体に砥ぎを施す事等である。
• There is a big differences in polishing Japanese swords compared to other cutting tools; ensuring ornamental elements of a Japanese sword, as a craftwork, is focused on as well as assuming sharpness as a cutting tool, and the whole body, not just the blade part, is polished.

• 重要文化財（じゅうようぶんかざい）とは日本に所在する建造物、美術工芸品等の有形文化財のうち、文化史的・学術的に特に重要なものとして文化財保護法に基づき日本国政府（文部科学大臣）が指定した文化財を指す。
• Important cultural properties are tangible cultural heritage (such as constructions, buildings and the art craft articles) in Japan that are designated as being culturally, historically or academically important under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties by the Japanese government (or the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology).

• 院政期仏画の特色としては、描写が繊細で豊かな色彩をもつ傾向があり、截金（切金）はじめ様々な工芸手法を用いたり、貴金属を散りばめたものが多く、きわめて装飾的な表現で描かれたものが少なくないことが挙げられる。
• The features of the Buddhist paintings in the Insei period have a tendency of delicate description with rich colors, common use of various craft methods including saikin (cut gold leaf), and sprinkled precious metals; it is characterized by evident decorative painting touch that was often used.

• 截金を工芸作品として屏風（びょうぶ）、額（がく）、衝立（ついたて）、茶入れや飾箱に応用し、東京・赤坂 (東京都港区)の迎賓館へ四曲一双屏風「霞文（かすみもん）」を納入するなど工芸分野としての基盤を築いた。
• He applied kirikane to byobu (folding screens), gaku (frames), tsuitate (one-panel screens), chaire (tea containers) and kazaribako (ornamental boxes) and delivered a yonkyoku-isso byobu (four-panel folding screen) called 'Kasumi-mon' to the Geihinkan (State Guest Houses) in Akasaka, Tokyo (Minato Ward, Tokyo Prefecture) and laid the foundations for kirikane as a separate category of craft.

• 重要美術品等認定物件には、絵画、仏像、工芸品、経巻、典籍、考古資料、建造物など各種のものが含まれているが、当時の国宝指定物件（文化財保護法における「重要文化財」に相当）に比して、いくつかの際立った特色がある。
• The properties accredited as an important art object include many items such as paintings, Buddha statues, craft products, sutra scrolls, classical books, archaeological materials and buildings, and they have a few outstanding characteristics compared to the articles designated as a national treasure (which are equivalent to the 'important cultural property' under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties) of those days.

• 次に、ジャンルの面でどこまでを「美術史」で扱うかという点であるが、日本美術においては、絵画、彫刻と並んで工芸品の占める位置が非常に大きく、金工、漆工、染織、陶磁などの分野を抜きにして美術史を語ることは妥当でない。
• Next, when it comes to the genre of the art history, handicrafts, as well as paintings and sculptures, occupy a large part in Japanese art, so art history cannot be discussed without touching on the fields of metal work, lacquer work, dyeing and weaving work, ceramic ware, and so on.

• 御物（ごもつ。「ぎょぶつ」とも）室町幕府8代将軍足利義政が集めた唐物名物（絵画、工芸品）を東山御物（ひがしやまごもつ）、徳川家に伝えられた名物茶道具を柳営御物（りゅうえいごもつ、柳営は幕府または将軍の意味）と呼ぶ。
• Gomotsu (also called 'Gyobutsu') is the collections of famous things imported from China (pictures and art works) by Yoshimasa AHIKAGA, the eighth shogun of the Muromachi shogunate, are called Higashiyama Gobutsu, and the famous Japanese tea utensils handed down to the Tokugawa clan are called Ryuei Gomotsu (Ryuei is the name of the Shogun or the shogunate).

• 1897年（明治30年）から1949年（昭和24年）までの間に、古社寺保存法および国宝保存法に基づいて「国宝」に指定された物件は火災で焼失したもの等を除き、宝物類（美術工芸品）5,824件、建造物1,059件であった。
• Between 1897 and 1949, based on the Law for the Preservation of National Treasures and the Law for the Preservation of Old Shrines and Temples, there were 5,824 cases involving treasures (art or craft items) and 1,059 cases involving buildings designated as national treasures, excluding those that had been burned in fires.

• 建築物、美術工芸品（絵画、彫刻、伝統工芸品、書跡、典籍）、古文書その他の有形の文化的所産（これらと一体をなしてその価値を形成している土地、工作物などを含む場合がある）および考古資料、歴史資料は有形文化財と定義されている。
• Tangible cultural properties are defined as being such things as buildings, art crafts (paintings, sculptures, traditional crafts, calligraphies, literature), ancient documents and other tangible cultural outcomes or products (including all the auxiliary parts, tools or land attached to its value), as well as archeological or historical resources.

• 細見亮市は「世界最高の美術品は日本の藤原時代の仏画だ」「自分は金属工芸からこの道に入ったのでものの形の厳しさと甘さがわかる」と主張していたといい、事実、コレクションのなかでも仏教絵画や仏具、銅鏡などの金工品は傑出している。
• It is said that Ryoichi HOSOMI claimed that 'Buddhist paintings of Fujiwara Period Japan are the greatest in the world,' and 'Because I learned about metal crafts before collecting works of art, I can tell superior from things of inferior design,' and certainly those Buddhist paintings, and metal works, such as Buddhist altar fittings and Dokyo (bronze mirrors), within his collection are outstanding.

• 荘園・公領の運営には、運営実務に当たる荘官や、京都の荘園領主（本所）へ年貢などを運送する梶取などの運輸者、本所へ貢納する手工芸品を作る各種職人などの存在が不可欠であり、これら荘官・職人の職務の代償として与えられたのが給田である。
• The management of shoen and koryo required the existence of shokan, who did the daily management, couriers such as Kajitori who transported the nengu to the shoen landholder (Honjo) in Kyoto and various craftsmen who made handicrafts to be given to the Honjo and payment for the services of shokan and craftsmen were Kyuden.

• 後に、同じく近世日本絵画や浮世絵などからなる由良哲次のコレクション、奈良県出身の工芸家・富本憲吉の作品コレクション、具体美術協会ほか日本の戦後現代美術のコレクターであった大橋化学工業株式会社社長・大橋嘉一氏のコレクションを収集した。
• Likewise, later, it collected Tetsuji YURA's collection such as modern Japanese-style paintings or Ukiyoe and so on, the collection of Kenkichi TOMIMOTO's works, who was an industrial artist and from Nara prefecture, the collection of Kaichi OHASHI, who was the president of OHASHI Chemical Industries Ltd. and the collector of Gutai (non abstract) Art Association and Japanese post-war modern arts.

• 工芸科学部１学部で構成される工科大学で、それ程大きな規模の大学ではないが、バイオ、材料、情報、環境などの先端科学技術分野から造形・デザインまでの幅広い分野において、ものづくりを基盤とした「実学」を目指した個性ある教育研究を行っている。
• Kyoto Institute of Technology (KIT) has only one school, that is, School of Science and Technology, so it's not that big in scale, but its education and research are unique in pursuing 'practical science' based on creating products, ranging widely from the cutting-edge science and technology, such as biotechnology, material, information, and environment, to formative arts and design.

• 工芸技術分野において、工芸技術の性格上個人的特色が薄く、かつ、当該工芸技術を保持する者が多数いる場合において、これらの者が主たる構成員となっている団体としてとして認定されているもの、すなわち、保持団体認定は、以下の14件・14団体である。
• When technical arts are not individualistic within their field, and there are many holders of the art, the following 14 subjects or 14 groups are certified as the groups as key members, meaning they hold the Preservation Group Certification.

• いっぽう、これはむしろ中小の酒蔵に多いが、日本酒を一つの文化もしくは工芸品ととらえ、杜氏は「一人一芸、一杜一酒」と言われるほど独自な作品としての酒を造り上げていくものであるとの考えから、酒造作家（しゅぞうさっか）もしくは酒造家（しゅぞうか）と呼ばれることが多い、
• At the same time, Japanese sake is regarded as culture or craft products among some breweries, especially small or medium-sized breweries, and they call toji people shuzo-sakka (which literally means 'an author of brewing') or shuzo-ka (which literally means 'an artist of brewing') because they believe toji create sake as their own unique work as people sometimes say 'every person has a different talent, and every toji has his or her unique sake.'

• 通常は、各種の武芸である日本武術、江戸期の公家家職に由来する有職故実・礼式、そのほか能楽、歌舞伎、人形浄瑠璃などの芸能、邦楽、茶道、華道、香道、書道、盆庭などをはじめとして、伝統工芸的な手工業、古典園芸など、ひろく技術を伝承する分野においてこうした観念が見られる。
• This concept can normally be seen in the various Nihon bujutsu (Japanese martial arts) and the Yusoku kojitsu (traditional protocol of the imperial court and samurai families) or reishiki (etiquette) that are derived from the practices and manners observed by court nobles in the Edo period; it can also be seen in fields where skills are passed down from one generation to the next, ranging from performing arts such as Nohgaku, Kabuki, and Ningyo Joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater), Hogaku (traditional Japanese music), Sado (tea ceremony), Kado (flower arrangement), Kodo (traditional incense-smelling ceremony), Shodo (calligraphy), Bontei (tray garden) to traditional handicrafts and classic gardening.

• 伝統工芸としての飴細工は、飴の特性上、製作および保存の過程における扱いが難しいことをはじめ、量産できないことや衛生的な面、さらに実物を目にする機会があまりないうえ、その労力の割にはビジネス面での見返りが少ないことなどから、見た目の派手さとは裏腹に、技術の伝承がされにくい側面があった。
• Amezaiku as a traditional performing art is difficult to deal with in the process of the production and preservation because of the characteristics of candy, cannot be mass-produced, have a hygienic problem, are rarely seen and are not profitable, and in spite of their gaiety, the handing down of techniques has not been easy.

• 京都・東山花灯路（きょうと・ひがしやまはなとうろ）は、3月中旬に京都の東山 (京都府)山麓の青蓮院から清水寺に至る約4.6キロの小路に京都の伝統工芸である清水焼、北山杉、京銘竹、石工、金属などで作られた約2400基の行灯を点し、夜の散策を楽しむ趣向の、早春を告げる観光イベントである。
• Kyoto Higashiyama Hana Toro refers to a touristic event to herald the arrival of early spring in the middle of March, that about 2400 lanterns, which are made by Kiyomizu ceramics (traditional handicrafts in Kyoto), Kitayamasugi round cedar wood, Kyomei bamboo, stone art and metal art, are lit on the narrow path for about 4.6 km from Shoren-in Temple to Kiyomizu-dera Temple at the foot of Higashiyama mountain range of Kyoto to enjoy an evening walk.

• しかしその一方で、一部の刀匠を除き多くの刀匠は本業（刀鍛冶）だけでは当たり前ながら作刀需要が少ない為生活が難しく、かと言っては上述の本数制限もあり無銘刀は作刀出来ず、武道家向けに数を多く安く作りその分稼ぐという事も出来無い為、他の伝統工芸の職人と同じく数々の問題を抱えているという事も理解しなくてはならない。
• On the other hand, however, most sword craft masters except some, naturally have difficulty making a living only by making swords due to the little demand for the creation of swords, but they are not allowed to make anepigraphic swords due to the restriction of sword numbers described above, so they cannot make lots of cheap swords for martial artists to earn money, and we must understand that they have various problems like other craftsmen have that are involved in traditional handicrafts.

• 文化財保護法第2条第1項第1号では、建築物、絵画、彫刻、工芸、書道、典籍、古文書その他の有形の文化的所産で、日本国にとって歴史上または芸術上価値の高いもの（これらのものと一体をなしてその価値を形成している土地その他の物件を含む。）並びに考古資料及びその他の学術上価値の高い歴史資料を、「有形文化財」と定義している。
• Under No.1, Item 1, Article 2 of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, 'tangible cultural properties' are defined as buildings, paintings, sculptures, crafts, calligraphy, classical books, paleography, and other cultural products with tangible forms (including land and other properties that create value by being a part of those products) that possess high historical or artistic value for Japan as well as archaeological artifacts and other historical documents with high academic values.

• 1990年 第42回京都府美術工芸展にて「截金風炉先屏風　煌煌し」が優秀賞を受賞 / 第6回伝統工芸第七部会展にて「截金彩色小筥　花ひらく」が朝日新聞社賞を受賞 / 明日への茶道美術公募展にて「香盒　五節」が鵬雲斎千宗室家元特別選賞及び淡交社奨励賞を受賞 / 文化庁主催「心と技」展で作品が欧州各国を巡回展示 / ドイツフランクフルトにて截金展
• 1990: Her 'Saikin Furosaki byobu' (a folding screen used for 'Furo', a summer-style tea ceremony using a portable stove for boiling water) received the Excellence Award at the 42nd Kyoto Prefecture Fine Arts and Crafts Exhibition, 'saikin color box titled blooming flower' received Asahi Shimbun Award at the 6th Japan Traditional Art Crafts seventh District Exhibition, 'kogo titled Gosechi' (annual court ceremony of girls music) received Hounsai Chairman Soshitsu SEN Iemoto Special Section Award and Tankosha Publishing Co., Ltd Encouragement Prize at Japanese Tea Ceremony Art Public Contribution Exhibition for Tomorrow,' 'Heart and Skill Exhibition' went on a tour around Europe while being sponsored by Agency for Cultural Affairs, and held Saikin Exhibition at Frankfurt, Germany.

• 日本民藝館の創設者であり民芸運動の中心人物でもある柳宗悦は、日本各地の陶磁器、染織、漆器、木竹工など、無名の工人の作になる日用雑器、朝鮮王朝時代の美術工芸品、江戸時代の遊行僧・木喰（もくじき）の仏像など、それまでの美術史が正当に評価してこなかった、西洋的な意味でのファインアートでもなく高価な古美術品でもない、無名の職人による民衆的美術工芸の美を発掘し、世に紹介することに努めた。
• Muneyoshi YANAGI, who was the founder and key figure of the Mingei (National Art) Movement worked hard to discover beauty of folkish art craftworks by unknown craftsman of ceramic ware, dyeing and weaving, lacquer ware, and woodwork such as daily use ware in various places in Japan and art crafts in Korean Dynasties period and Buddha statues of traveling monk or mokujiki in the Edo period which had not been fairly evaluated and not fine arts or expensive antiquities in the western sense and introduced them to public.

• 京漆器の特徴は薄手の木地に漆と澱粉糊で麻布を貼って補強し、その上に京都市山科区から産出する「山科地之粉」「山科砥之粉」等を漆で練り合わせてペースト状にした「地錆漆」「錆漆」という下地材を何層にもわたって塗り重ね、さらに器の角の部分をより鋭角を際立たせ、丈夫にするために補強する「くくり錆」という工程をはさみ、黒や赤のうるしを塗り重ねていくという「本堅地」という漆工芸において最も基本的な製作工程にある。
• The characteristics of Kyo-shikki is 'Honkataji,' the most basic process of manufacturing lacquer craftworks in which thin wood grain is reinforced with hemp attached to it by using lacquer and starch glue, layers of foundation called 'Jisabiurushi' and 'Sabiurushi,' which is a kind of paste made from 'Yamashina Jinoko' and 'Yamashina Tonoko'both produced in Yamashina Ward, Kyoto City and mixed together with lacquer, are applied onto the reinforced wood grain, and, after a process called 'Kukurisabi' in which the corners of the artifact are reinforced for the purpose of strengthening and making the sharp edge sharper, black and red lacquer is applied onto it layer by layer.

• 磁気的方法又は光学的方法によりプログラム（電子計算機に対する指令であって、一の 結果を得ることができるように組み合わされたものをいう。以下同じ。）を記録した物を販売する場合、又は電子計算機を使用する方法により映画、演劇、音 楽、スポーツ、写真若しくは絵画、彫刻その他の美術工芸品を鑑賞させ、若しくは観覧させる役務を提供する場合、若しくはプログラムを電子計算機に備えられ たファイルに記録し、若しくは記録させる役務を提供する場合には、当該商品又は役務を利用するために必要な電子計算機の仕様及び性能その他の必要な条件
• when selling matters in which programs (computer commands that are combined in such a way to obtain a single result; hereinafter the same shall apply) are recorded by magnetic or optical means, or offering services to have people view or listen to movies, dramas, musical performances, sports, photographs, or paintings, sculptures or other art and craft works by means of using a computer, or offering services to record or have people record programs into computer files, the computer specifications, performance, and other conditions necessary for using said goods or services;