専: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- B専
- attraction to ugly people
- 村上専精
- Senjo MURAKAMI
- Sensho MURAKAMI
- 有司専制
- Yushi Sensei (Despotism by Domain-dominated Government)
- 専門理学療法
- physical therapy specialty
- 新義専門学院
- Shingi Senmongakuin
- 日本の専売制度
- The Monopolization of Japan
- 中国の専売制度
- The Monopolization in China
- 嵯峨華道専門学校
- Sagakado Senmon Gakko
- 住居専用の町家。
- It is a machiya that has only residential function.
- 一心専念弥陀名号
- Recite the name of Mida intently.
- 天ぷら屋(専門店)
- Tempura Restaurant (specialty shop)
- 玉子かけご飯専用醤油
- Soy sauce dedicated to tamago kake gohan
- 持ち帰り・出前専門店
- Takeout, home-delivery service shop.
- 44世 池坊専威宗匠
- Forty-forth Sosho, Seni IKENOBO
- 42世 池坊専正宗匠
- Forty-second Sosho, Sensho IKENOBO
- 43世 池坊専啓宗匠
- Forty-third Sosho, Senkei IKENOBO
- 母は定専坊了宗の女。
- His mother was a daughter of Josenbo Ryoshu.
- ※巻藁専用の矢がある。
- * There are arrows made especially for straw butt.
- 高等学校、高等専門学校
- High school, and technical collage
- 早稲田実業専攻科中退。
- He dropped out of the advanced course of Waseda Jitsugyo Gakko.
- 専斎はその孫にあたる。
- Sensai was a grandson of Takayo.
- 面は猩々という専用の面。
- The 'men' (or 'omote', means mask) of Shojo is exclusively used by the Shojo performers.
- 伝統歌舞伎保存会専務理事
- Managing Director of the Traditional Kabuki Preservation Association
- 専門用語や用具の解説など。
- Terminology and equipments
- ガス式のたこ焼き専用コンロ
- Gas cooking stove exclusively for making takoyaki
- 漢文で専門家向けに書かれた。
- It was written in kanbun (Sino-Japanese) targeting the specialists.
- 池坊専好立花図(42図)1帖
- Ikenobo Senko Tatebana-zu (42 figures): 1 screen.
- 最も多いのは紙の専売である。
- The most common monopolization was that of paper.
- 大学院では、宗教哲学を専攻。
- He specialized in religious philosophy at graduate school.
- 全国高等学校体育連盟弓道専門部
- The All Japan High School Athletic Federation Kyudo Division
- 専雑執心判浅深 報化二土正弁立
- Ascertaining that minds devoted to a single practice are profound, to sundry practice, shallow, He sets forth the truly difference between the fulfilled land and the transformed land.
- また一向専念無量寿仏ともあり。
- It is also said 'Ikko Sennen Muryojubutsu.'
- 45世 池坊専永宗匠(現家元)
- Forty-fifth Sosho, Senei IKENOBO (current iemoto)
- 其内御無聊爾様、御分別専一候。
- It is necessary for you to show your maturity without hasty action.
- 70歳で役を退き著述業に専念。
- Ekiken retired at the age of 70 and dedicated himself into writing later on.
- 東京芸術大学邦楽科能楽専攻卒業
- He graduated from the Department of Traditional Japanese Music of the Faculty of Music, Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, majoring in noh plays.
- 晩年は「法華経」読誦に専念した。
- In his final years, he devoted himself to the recitation of the Lotus Sutra.
- 高野山専修学院 - 大本山寶壽院
- Koyasan Special Institute - In Daihonzan (main temple), Hoju-in Temple
- 日本の代表的な弁当専門店チェーン
- Typical bento chain store in Japan
- 隋唐的専制君主説 - 水野柳太郎
- The Sui-Tang style imperial autocrat theory - by Ryutaro MIZUNO
- 芳年の墓は東大久保の専福寺にある。
- Yoshitoshi's grave is in Senpuku-ji temple in Higashiokubo.
- 現在、勝専寺では酉の市は行われない。
- Today, Tori no ichi is not held in Shosen-ji Temple.
- 専照寺(福井県福井市) 末寺数 41
- Sensho-ji Temple (Fukui City, Fukui Prefecture), 41 branch temples
- 専修寺(三重県津市) 末寺数 643
- Senju-ji Temple (Tsu City, Mie Prefecture), 643 branch temples
- 日本刀は上掲の専門用語で表記される。
- Japanese swords are described with the technical terms mentioned above.
- 名は宗具、字は専斎、倚松庵と号した。
- His name was Sogu, pseudonym was Sensai, and pen name was Kishoan.
- おでん専門店などで見かけることがある。
- This may be seen at some Oden shops/restaurants.
- 小麦の専用品種の作付けが増加している。
- The planting of wheat exclusively used for making half-dried Udon noodles is increasing.
- 主に町場の住宅の基礎工事を専門とする。
- Foundation worker is mainly specialized in foundation works for housing in machiba.
- 直接家庭用コンロにかける専用の調理器具
- A special cooking device which is designed to be heated directly over a household cooking stove
- 田楽を専門に躍るものを田楽法師と言う。
- Priests who specialized in dancing Dengaku were called Dengaku Hoshi (Dengaku Priest).
- 省吾が地理学を専門とする契機であった。
- This led him to specialize in geography.
- 東京専門学校(現早稲田大学)の創立者。
- He was the founder of Tokyo Senmon Gakko (current Waseda University).
- 一般的には折り紙専用の正方形の紙を使う。
- A square paper exclusively for origami is commonly used.
- ホットプレート付属のたこ焼き専用プレート
- A special plate for takoyaki, provided with a hot plate
- ここではラーメン専門店を中心に紹介する。
- Stores specializing in ramen are introduced below.
- いずれも著名な文人で専門の画工ではない。
- They were all famous Bunjin and not professional painters.
- 自伝が長与専斎と共に平凡社東洋文庫にある
- His autobiography is in Toyo bunko, by Heibonsha Limited, Publishers, with Sensai NAGAYO.
- 反物を張るための、専用の木製の台を用いる。
- A special wooden stand is used for stretching the cloth.
- もともと精米が専門の精米杜氏の集団だった。
- They were originally a group of toji who had special skills of rice milling.
- 昭和31年、全国高体連に弓道専門部が新設。
- In 1956, the Kyudo Division was established within the All Japan High School Athletic Federation.
- なお蛇は「道成寺 (能)」の専用面である。
- Ja is exclusively used in the play 'Dojo-ji.'
- 1990年、三瀬村に初のそば専門店が開店。
- In 1990, the first soba restaurant opened in Mitsuse-mura Village.
- 有司専制の罪として以下の5罪を挙げている。
- In the zankanjo, Shimada accused the crime of Yushi Sensei (despotism by domain-dominated government), describing the five crimes as follows:
- 天ぷらの専門店や蕎麦蕎麦屋で多く食べられる。
- Tendon is available at tenpura specialty restaurants and soba shops.
- 製茶業者は専用の大がかりな焙煎器を使用する。
- Tea manufacturers use a large specially built roaster.
- 1946年(昭和21年) 洋画専門館となる。
- 1946: Turned into a movie theater which specialized in foreign films.
- 専門的に俳諧に携わるひとを「俳諧師」と呼ぶ。
- Those who were engaged in creating haikai professionally were called 'haikai poets.'
- この頃には専ら野菜の栽培をしていたのだろう。
- It suggests that they probably grew mainly vegetables at that time.
- 帰国後、専修学校の立案・運営に深く参画した。
- He got deeply involved in founding and running Senshu School after returning to Japan.
- 専斎は天恩に感泣し、その家を賜杖堂と称した。
- Sensai thanked the blessing of heaven with tears and named his house 'Shijodo' meaning cane presented house.
- 出家後は仏道修行に専念し、大覚寺を創建した。
- He concentrated on Buddhist practice after becoming a monk and founded Daikaku-ji Temple.
- 6月に「京都商事迅報」という経済専門誌を創刊。
- An economic newspaper named 'Kyoto Syoji Jinpo' was launched in June.
- 近年はカラオケ専門のルームタイプが主流である。
- Room types exclusive for karaoke is the recent main stream.
- 鶏肉料理の専門店では「カツ丼」として供される。
- In restaurants specializing in chicken dishes, chicken katsudon are served as 'katsudon.'
- 白兵戦を専門し、長柄武器を持つ兵は一部である。
- Not all soldiers specialized in close combat and had a long handled weapon.
- その後も専門定席の構想が浮上しては消えていった。
- After that, the idea of creating a theater devoted to rakugo resurfaced, but in vain.
- これにそばを専用のカゴに入れて浸してから食べる。
- To eat, noodles are transferred into a special basket which are then be dipped into the soup in the pot mentioned above.
- 第4関門 国際会館専用道路入口 (13.8km)
- The fourth checkpoint: The entrance to the private road owned by the Kyoto International Conference Center (13.8 km)
- 法然の「専修念仏」の教えに触れ、入門を決意する。
- Shinran decided to become Honen's disciple when he learned Honen's teaching of 'Exclusive Nenbutsu'.
- 模写専門の画家といって差し支えない存在であった。
- He was considered to be an expert replica painter.
- 一つは持ち帰り弁当専門店(通称:ホカ弁)の台頭。
- One was the rise of takeout bento (so-called Hokaben).
- 伊賀専は男女の仲を取り持つ神として祀られた老狐。
- Igatome was an old fox which was deified as a god of matchmaking.
- 5月、東京藝術大学専修科の美術解剖学講師に就任。
- In May, he assumed office as Instructor of art analysis in the special course of Tokyo University of the Arts.
- 白河に続く鳥羽天皇も、白河以上の専制を展開した。
- Emperor Toba, the successor of Shirakawa, dominated more strongly than Shirakawa.
- 安価な古着の和服を専門に扱う呉服店も出てきている。
- Kimono fabrics shops specializing in low-priced second-hand Wafuku have been emerging.
- 寿司や蕎麦の専門料理店ができるのもこのころである。
- It is also around this time that restaurants specializing, for example, in sushi or soba, appeared.
- 広い敷地が必要なため、専用遠的場の設置数は少ない。
- Because a large area is required, there aren't many designated Kyudo dojo for long-distance shooting.
- 骨切り包丁と呼ばれる専用の包丁を用いることもある。
- A special knife called a bone cutting chopper can be used.
- 同年2月、東急本社の黒川渉三専務が社長を兼務した。
- In February of the same year, Shozo KUROKAWA, who was the executive managing director of the Tokyu Head Office, was appointed as president, in which capacity he held two posts.
- 周防国(山口県)和田で専照寺の四男として生まれる。
- He was born the 4th son of Sensho-ji Temple, Wada, Suo Province (Yamaguchi Prefecture.)
- 12級・権少僧都・無・無・無(高校卒・専修学院卒)
- Twelfth rank: Gon shosozu, Nil, Nil, Nil, (graduate from high school, or special institute)
- そのため、防御専用の要塞として造られることが多い。
- As a result, many were constructed to serve as purely defensive installations.
- 携帯時には、数珠袋(念珠袋)など専用の袋にいれる。
- When carrying it, it must be put into an exclusive bag such as a juzu bag (nenju bag).
- 大徳寺の周辺には精進料理専門の老舗の料理屋がある。
- Around Daitoku-ji Temple, there are some well-established restaurants that specialize in Shojin ryori.
- 専ら荷物を運搬するものと乗客を運搬するものがある。
- Some are used only to carry a load, others only for passengers.
- 明治36年6月専売法が公布され、10月施行された。
- Therefore, in June 1903, the Monopoly Law was announced, and went into effect in October.
- 墓所は大坂の専念寺、法名は一睡院殿勝譽宗円大居士。
- His graveyard is in Sennen-ji Temple in Osaka, and his homyo (a posthumous Buddhist name) was 一睡院殿勝譽宗円大居士.
- 1996年(平成8年)の舞台を最後に療養生活に専念。
- He performed on the stage for the last time in 1996 and spend time under medical treatment.
- 下野国高田の顕智、遠江国池田の専信なども上洛し参列。
- Kenchi of Takada Shimotsuke Province, Senshin of Ikeda Totomi Province and others came up to Kyoto and participated in the funeral.
- また、上がり湯専用のカランを備えているところもある。
- Some public bathhouses are also equipped with water faucets only for clean hot water to be used outside the bathtub.
- また、各流派により博士などの専門用語には違いがある。
- There are differences in technical terms (such as Hakase) in each school.
- 専門家の間でも最高傑作と評価される落書の一つである。
- Experts in history consider it to be one of the best lampoons.
- 明治13年(1880年)2月、専任参議に任ぜられる。
- In February 1880, he was assigned as full-time Sangi (councilor).
- 『日本書紀』によればこれを蝦夷の専横の一つに数える。
- 'Nihonshoki' counted this incident as one of Emishi's tyrannies.
- 同年10月、東京専門学校(現在の早稲田大学)を開校。
- In October 1882, he founded Tokyo Senmon Gakko (present Waseda University).
- 1965年 大正大学文学部哲学科(宗教学専攻)卒業。
- She graduated from the Philosophy Department, Literature Faculty of Taisho University (she majored in the science of religion) in 1965.
- 戦後初の落語専門定席「天満天神繁昌亭」(後述)の開設。
- The Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei Theater, dedicated to rakugo (see below), was opened for the first time since the end of the War.
- (なお、この畳み方を本だたみであるとする専門家もいる)
- Some specialists state that this is Hondatami.
- 日本の剣術では形稽古は専ら木刀を使って稽古をしている。
- In Japanese kenjutsu, kata-geiko is carried out using mainly bokuto.
- 就業者は工業高校や高等専門学校の卒業生が中心だという。
- It is said that the workers are mainly graduates of industrial high schools or technical colleges.
- 墓所は浄土宗西山禅林寺派専念寺(京都市右京区鳴滝本町)
- His grave is in Sennen-ji Temple of the Nishiyamazenrinji School of the Jodo Sect (Narutakihon-machi, Ukyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City).
- 内陣は、主祭壇を安置するための聖職者専用の空間である。
- The naijin is an area where a high altar is enshrined, reserved for the clergy.
- 菩提寺などに確認をするか、専門店で相談するべきである。
- In selecting juzu, it is vital to confirm with a family temple or consult with a specialty store.
- 大正5年(1916年)目白中学を退職し、歌に専念する。
- In 1916 he left Mejiro Middle School to devote himself to tanka.
- 福地はまもなく経営から離れ、歌舞伎座の座付作者に専念。
- Fukuchi soon left the management and devoted himself to writing scripts for Kabuki-za Theater.
- 時頼の得宗専制体制に尽力した義景は格別の地位を保った。
- Yoshikage who made efforts to establish the tyranny of the patrimonial head of the main branch of the Hojo clan maintained a special position.
- 大坂退去後は京都に隠棲し、茶道に専念し、趣味に生きた。
- After leaving Osaka he lived a quiet life in Kyoto, concentrating on the tea ceremony and pursuing his hobbies.
- 後に澤村宗十郎 (7代目)と共に帝国劇場の専属となる。
- He signed an exclusive contract along with Sojuro SAWAMURA VII with Teikoku Gekijo (Imperial Theater).
- 専斎は和歌をよくして、細川幽斎、木下長嘯子と交わった。
- Sensai was fond of composing waka poetry and kept up relationships with Yusai HOSOKAWA and Katsutoshi KINOSHITA.
- 芝居茶屋や出方は、専属する芝居小屋と密接な関係にあった。
- The theater tea rooms and their ushers all had a very close relationship with the theaters to which they were attached.
- 建築物の解体を行う職業(煙突解体業という専門職もある)。
- Demolition worker is responsible for demolishing buildings and structures (there is also a specialist called chimney demolition worker).
- なお、両大学は大学院にも書道に関する専攻を設置している。
- Furthermore, both universities have a Shodo related major in a graduate school as well.
- 浄土宗西山派、真宗興正派、真宗専修寺派にも置かれている。
- It is also established in Jodo (Pure Land) sect Nishiyama school, Shinshu sect Kosho school and Shinshu sect Senjuji school.
- 真筆であるか専門家の間でも意見の分かれるものも多々ある。
- There are many works that even experts cannot agree if they are really his work or not.
- カツ丼専門店「祭太鼓」(大阪市)のメニューの一つにある。
- It is one of the dishes served by 'Matsuridaiko,' a restaurant specializing in katsudon (in Osaka City).
- 十三男 松方三郎(登山家、実業家)協同通信社専務理事 他
- Thirteenth son : Saburo MATSUKATA (alpinist, businessman), executive director of the Kyodo News, and so on
- これを不満に思う能員は病床の頼家に北条氏の専断を訴えた。
- Unhappy with this decision, Yoshikazu appealed to Yoriie on his deathbed to intervene in this decision by the head of the Hojo clan.
- この結果、麹の専門業界は没落して酒屋業へ組み入れられた。
- As a result, this lead to the downfall of the koji malt industry which was subsequently incorporated into the sakaya (liquor store) industry.
- 専門の職人も現れ、非常に精巧なものが作られるようになった。
- Professional craftsmen were born, and they crafted extremely sophisticated dolls.
- それらの会には、服飾を専門とする職業を持つ女性も参加した。
- Female clothing specialists attended the meeting.
- これら延年を専門的に演じる僧は「遊僧」「狂僧」と呼ばれた。
- Such monks who were specialized in performing Ennen were called 'yuso' or 'kyoso.'
- 専門学校(専修学校)、各種学校、夜学(夜間教育)、通信教育
- Technical school (special training school), various kinds of schools, night school (night education), and correspondence course
- 遠距離に対応する為に、遠的専用の細い矢を用いる選手が多い。
- Many players use slim arrows designed exclusively for enteki, in order to deal with a long distance.
- 初め専ら陶製で、中には杯や甕の底を再利用したものもあった。
- Originally the suzuri was earthen and some of them were recycled from cups or the bottoms of pots.
- 現在は歩行者専用となっており、役割を山崎大橋に譲っている。
- Currently it is exclusively for pedestrians and its role has been passed on to the Yamazaki-ohashi Bridge.
- したがって、以下では専ら日本における秘仏について記述する。
- In the following, we'll focus on hibutsu in Japan.
- 江戸時代には『普茶料理抄』といった専門の料理書も著された。
- In the Edo period, a book that specialized in the cooking of Fucha ryori cuisine, 'Fucha-ryori-sho,' was published.
- During the Edo period, a book on cooking entitled 'Selected Fucha Ryori' was published.
- (尚、同じ浄土真宗系の高田派本山専修寺と直接の関係は無い)
- (Moreover, there is no direct relationship to Takada Honzan Senju-ji Temple of the same Jodo Shinsu sect.)
- 明治44年(1911年)武術教員養成所を武術専門学校と改称
- In 1911, the Bujutsu Kyoin Yoseisho was renamed as the Bujutsu Senmon Gakko (Vocational Training School of Martial Arts).
- 親鸞24輩(24高弟)真仏の弟子専海が法眼朝円に描かせた。
- Senkai, who was a disciple of Shinbutsu, and was one of twenty-four high-ranking disciples of Shinran, made Hogen Choen paint the portrait.
- 『柳花苑』は元々は女舞専用の曲だったが長年管弦のみだった。
- 'Ryukaen' was originally only for Onnamai dance and had only Kangen music for years.
- 平成9年(1997年)廃止(塩専売法廃止、塩事業法施行)。
- It was abolished in 1997 (the Salt Monopoly Law was abolished, and the Salt Business Act went into effect).
- 諸藩が専売品を生産管理・直接販売を行うために設置した役所。
- An office set up by each domain to pursue its own production management and direct marketing of its monopoly goods.
- 翌年の宝治合戦で三浦氏を滅ぼし、時頼の専制体制は完成する。
- Tokiyori's autocracy was completed by destroying the Miura clan in the Battle of Hoji in the following year.
- 1890年7月:東京専門学校(現、早稲田大学)校長に就任。
- In July, 1890: he became the president of Tokyo Senmon Gakko (present day Waseda University).
- -日米協会専務理事、著書『鹿鳴館の貴婦人大山捨松』中公文庫
- An executive director of the Japan America Society and author of 'Stematz OYAMA, the Lady in Rokumeikan' (the place for social interaction in the Meiji era), published by Chuko bunko
- 当時の留学生の専攻は軍事、医学に集中していたためであった。
- This is because the major subjects of the overseas students centered in military and medical science at the time.
- 当時、大久保への権力の集中は「有司専制」として批判された。
- In those days, OKUBO's domination of political authority was criticized as 'despotism by a domain-dominated government'.
- 家庭では、ご飯茶碗・箸は、各人専用のものを用いる習慣がある。
- It is customary for each household member to use his or her own rice bowl and chopsticks.
- さらに、柔道から寝技の勝負へより特化したのが高専柔道である。
- In addition, 'Kosen judo' (a sub-style of Kodokan judo) became specialized in ground grappling techniques.
- 弓道は安全上の理由から原則として専用道場で行うのが好ましい。
- As a general rule, for the sake of safety Kyudo should be performed in a dedicated dojo.
- ここで装束をつけ、面をかけるために、専用の鏡(姿見)がある。
- A special mirror (Sugatami mirror) is provided in the room, and a performer wears his costume and dons a mask here.
- これを境に以後の劇場では専ら椅子席が採用されるようになった。
- Since then, newly constructed theaters have adopted chair seats exclusively.
- 文楽(ぶんらく)は、本来操り人形浄瑠璃専門の劇場の名である。
- 'Bunraku' originally referred to playhouses especially for performing ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater).
- 化粧する専門家が常駐してるため、非常に美しい仕上がりになる。
- Since the experts on makeup are always on standby in these studios, the final conditions of the makeup can be very beautiful.
- 官僧は制約も多く、とにかく国家の仕事に専念するしかなかった。
- Public monks were restricted by many regulations and had to focus on work for the country.
- ブームに伴って、本格焼酎を専門に扱う焼酎バーも登場している。
- Along with the boom, shochu bars appeared specializing in Honkaku Shochus.
- 矢…矢も専用の物で、鏃を付けず羽根も小さい軽量の物を用いた。
- An arrow - The arrow used in Toshiya was also a special version for the contest, which was a lightweight one having just a small feather and no arrowhead.
- そこで、地租改正を一括して扱う専門部局を設置することとした。
- Therefore, it was decided to create a specialized bureau that deals with Land-Tax Reform collectively.
- 12月、専修学校の学業課程を修得、12月25日、修了し卒業。
- He completed the requirements for the course at Senshu School in December, and on December 25, he finished the whole program and graduated.
- 宗砌、専順、心敬に連歌を学び、東常縁に古今伝授を授けられた。
- He studied renga under Sozei, Senjun and Shinkei, and received instruction in the secret traditions of the Kokinshu (Kokin Denju) by Tsuneyori TO.
- 唯君城を構へ兵を集め、衆の心驚かさるる条、専ら至愚の政なり。
- It is just a foolish policy that the Monk-Emperor arms the castle, rallies warriors, and upsets the public.
- また、東京専門学校(現、早稲田大学)の校長なども歴任をした。
- He also took such positions as the president of Tokyo Senmon Gakko (present day Waseda University).
- 東京専門学校(のちの早稲田大学)講師となり、のちに早大教授。
- He became an instructor at Tokyo Senmon Gakko (later became Waseda University), and later became a professor at Waseda University.
- 側室:お美代の方(専行院) - 内藤就相の娘、中野清茂の養女
- Concubine: Lady Omiyo (Sengyoin), the biological daughter of 就相 NAITO and adopted daughter of Kiyoshige NAKANO
- 専斎は90歳を超えても眼や耳が衰えることなく、強壮であった。
- Even in his 90s, Sensai was in good health without his eyesight and hearing lessened.
- 小佐田定雄一門のように専業の落語作家が存在するのも特徴である。
- It is characteristic of new routines that professional writers of rakugo stories such as the family of Sadao OSADA exist.
- なお、勝専寺の鷲大明神は、鷲の背に乗った釈迦仏の姿をしている。
- The Otori Daimyojin of Shosen-ji Temple has a form of Shaka Butsu (Sakyamuni Buddha) standing on the back of an eagle.
- 蒲焼の専門店を「鰻屋」といい、名店といわれる鰻屋も各地にある。
- Restaurants that specialize in kabayaki are called 'unagiya,' highly reputed of which can be found in various localities.
- 天台教学の研究に専念し、詩歌・書道・絵画・連歌にも通じていた。
- He devoted himself to studying the Tendai doctrine, and also had full knowledge of poetry, Shodo (calligraphy), painting and renga (linked verse).
- その後、京都一心院で専修念仏に努め、浄土宗捨世派の祖となった。
- He then pursued senju-nenbutsu (repeating the name of Buddha without conducting any other religious training) at Isshin-in Temple in Kyoto, and became the founder of the Shasei School of the Jodo Sect.
- 念珠専門店などでは、オーダーメイドにて製作してくれる店もある。
- Custom-made juzu are available at some shops specialized in nenju.
- 専門的には「ダイアセチル臭」と呼ばれ、「火落ち臭」と似ている。
- Specialists call it 'smell of diacetyl' and is similar to 'Hiochishu.'
- シテを演じる為の訓練を専門的に積んでいる能楽師をシテ方と呼ぶ。
- A Noh actor who has endured professional training in order to perform proficiently as a protagonist is called a pro protagonist (shitekata).
- ワキを演じる為の訓練を専門的に積んでいる能楽師をワキ方と呼ぶ。
- A Noh actor who has endured professional training in order to perform proficiently as a Nohwaki is called a pro Nohwaki (wakikata).
- 江戸期においては専業のいわゆる「業俳」が俳諧師と呼ばれていた。
- In the Edo period, the professional poets, or so-called 'gyohai,' were referred to as haikai poets.
- また、赤穂藩は塩の生産と専売により財務的に耐えられた点もある。
- The production and monopoly of salt supported Ako Domain financially.
- その後は専門学者が令師(りようし)として解釈の治定にあたった。
- Subsequently, specialized scholars decided the interpretation as ryoshi.
- 三味線奏者は専業だが、鳴物奏者は若手の落語家が勤めることが多い。
- While shamisen players are professional, young storytellers often play the narimono.
- 反対面が焼けてくるとまた専用具でひっくり返し、ボール状に整える。
- When the other side of the dough begins to roast, turn it over again with the eyeleteer and make it into a perfect ball.
- アメリカ合衆国では日本庭園愛好者のための専門誌も発行されている。
- In the United States, a journal has been published for enthusiasts of Nihon teien.
- それはいわゆる歌舞伎座、専用形式の劇場への移行と無関係ではない。
- This was not irrelevant to Kabuki's facilitating transition to the theater specialized for Kabuki, what we call the Kabuki-za (Kabuki theater).
- 晩年には、宗祇が専順に師事し、「美濃千句」、「表佐千句」がある。
- In Senjun's later years, Sogi was his student, which led to 'Mino senku' (One Thousand Verses at Mino) and 'Osa senku' (One Thousand Verses at Osa).
- 1902年9月、東京専門学校が早稲田大学となり、早稲田大学校長。
- In September, 1902, Tokyo Senmon Gakko became Waseda University, and he became the president of Waseda University.
- また、専売の対象が域内であるか域外であるかも、重要な要素となる。
- Also, it is important whether the object of monopoly is within or without the region.
- 専ら古典音楽の演奏に脇役として用いられ、民謡にはあまり登場しない。
- Kucho is exclusively used for supporting performances of classical music, and is not used often for accompanying ballads.
- 専業の製管師のほかに、尺八奏者がみずから尺八を製作する場合もある。
- Aside from professional shakuhachi makers, there are players who make their own shakuhachi.
- 盛親は隠居後、京都に移住して服部宗巴と号し、素謡教授を専らとした。
- After Morichika retired, he moved to Kyoto and called himself Soha HATTORI and became a teacher of su-utai (Noh lyrics without music).
- 柳は1926年まで木喰研究を行い、その後は民芸運動に専念している。
- Yanagi studied Mokujiki until 1926, and later he devoted himself to the folk art movement.
- 晩年は比叡山に五大院を創建して天台教学・密教教学の研究に専念した。
- In his later years, he established Godaiin at Mt. Hiei and concentrated in the studies of Tendai Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism.
- 壁画の保存方法については内外の専門家からさまざまな意見が出された。
- Experts at home and abroad gave different opinions on how to restore the mural paintings
- 貞慶は、釈迦の観想念仏に励行する一方で、法然の専修念仏を批判した。
- While Jokei recommended Kanso Nenbutsu of Shaka, he criticized Senshu Nenbutsu (専修念仏) of Honen.
- しかし、そのような衣服は専門家から見れば間違いだらけのことも多い。
- However, such clothing often contain a lot of mistakes from the viewpoint of experts.
- 宗旦古流(一身田流とも) 円猷上人 真宗高田派本山専修寺にて伝わる
- The Sotan Ko School (also called as the Isshinden Line): Shonin ENYU, passed down in Senju-ji Temple, the head temple of Takada School of Shinshu Sect
- 細長は贈答品専用として作られた衣料であり、実際は着用されてなかった
- Hosonaga are clothes made only for use as gifts and it was not in fact worn.
- 第二次世界大戦後はタバコ・塩・樟脳を扱う日本専売公社が設立された。
- After the World War II, Japan Monopoly Corporation was founded to deal with tobacco, salt, and camphor.
- - 東京専門学校(現早稲田大学)校長に就任、また関西鉄道会社社長。
- He became the president of Tokyo Senmon Gakko (Waseda University at present) and the president of Kansai Railroad Company.
- また、医博士・針博士・案摩博士とともに医学に冠する専門職とされた。
- The position of jugon hakase was also ranked, together with i hakase (Master of medicine), shin hakase (Master of acupuncture), and anma hakase (Master of massage) as one of the medical professions.
- 次にあげるスポーツでは、選手はそれぞれのスポーツの専用の和服を着る。
- Players wear Wafuku that are uniforms of their sports
- また、華道の池坊家にもこれと同じ慣例があり、小野専芳が改姓している。
- The same custom also exists within the Ikenobo family of Kado (flower arrangement), and Senho ONO (小野専芳) also changed his family name.
- 一人用でも炊きやすいように考えられた、炊飯専用の土鍋も売られている。
- Earthenware pots that are designed for easy preparation of single serving sizes are also sold.
- 通常おろしワサビも共に巻き込まれ、醤油をつけて食べるのが専らである。
- Usually, wasabi paste is also rubbed into it, thus people just dip it in soy sauce and eat it.
- 歌舞伎における女形は、次のような種類の役を専門的に演じる役者を指す。
- The onnagata of kabuki refers to actors who expertly act the following roles.
- 老女・尼などは、江戸時代には花車方の役者が専門的に演じたものである。
- In terms of an old woman or a nun, actors of kashagata (old female roles) expertly played those roles in the Edo period.
- 古来から多くの家庭で、各人専用の湯呑茶碗とご飯茶碗が定められている。
- Since old times, in many homes each person has yunomijawan and gohanjawan for private use.
- 帰国の翌年には普勧坐禅儀を著し、只管打坐を専らとする宗風を鼓舞した。
- In the following year after coming back, he wrote Fukanzazengi (the first book written by Dogen after coming back to Japan, where the importance of Zen meditation is emphasized) and promoted the tradition of the sect which focused on Shikantaza.
- 家庭用は手回しのものが多く、専用の円筒形の製氷皿で作った氷を用いる。
- For home use, the hand-driven type is popular and it uses ice produced using a dedicated cylindrical ice tray.
- 専用の網籠にて遠火で炙る事により餅同様に膨らみ、冷ませば出来上がり。
- They are baked at a distance from the fire in a special net-like container and expand like mochi, and are ready to eat after cooling.
- 宇治ではある阿闍梨に師事して長年仏道に専心し、深い知識と道心を得る。
- In Uji, he devoted himself to the study of Buddhism under an Ajari (a master in esoteric Buddhism) for a long time, and obtained deep knowledge and faith.
- これからは座付作者となり、住居も大坂に移って浄瑠璃の新作に専念した。
- He thus become an in-house playwright of the theater and moved to Osaka to focus on a new joruri play.
- このことにより職業的に農業との分離が促進され、より専門性が高まった。
- This encouraged categorical separation of these occupations away from farming and led them greater specialization.
- 長州藩と朝廷や他藩との提携交渉は、専ら桂や久坂が担当することとなる。
- The Choshu clan's cooperation and negotiation with the imperial court and other clans came to be handled by Katsura and Kusaka exclusively.
- 幼少より踊りに専念し、父志賀次の芸風を確立して、坂東流の一派とした。
- She devoted herself to a dance from her childhood, and established the style of performance of her father, Shigaji, to make it a sect of Bando school.
- 日本料理の食材としても重要で、鰻屋と呼ばれるウナギ料理の専門店も多い。
- They are also important as cooking ingredients in Japanese cuisine, and there are many restaurants called unagiya (eel restaurant) that specialize in eel cuisine.
- 香川ではうどんの専門店が多く、そばとうどん両方を供している店は少ない。
- There are many shops serving only Udon noodles in Kagawa Prefecture, while there are very few shops serving both Soba and Udon noodles.
- 現在、東京周辺、近畿ともにうどんの専門店は従来の店とチェーン店がある。
- At present, both in the Tokyo area and in the Kinki region, Udon noodles are served in long-established Udon shops and their branch shops.
- たこ焼きを裏返すための串は、手元が熱いため串先の長い専用のものがある。
- There are sticks exclusively for turning over takoyaki, which are very long (except for the grip) because otherwise you might burn your hand when you turn over takoyaki.
- 大学での専攻は明経道で、春秋左氏伝、毛詩、尚書等を学んだと伝えられる。
- It is said that at the Bureau of Education, he majored in Myogyo-do (the study of Confucian classics), and learned Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan (Master Zuo's Commentary about the Spring and Autumns), Moshi (the book of poetry in ancient china), and Shosho (classics of history).
- 大正中期以降、住侶に恵まれぬまま荒廃に瀕していた同院の復興に専心した。
- Shinjo focused on restoring the temple, which hadn't had a priest since the mid-Taisho period and was declining in power.
- 1948年8月31日、立命館大学硬式野球部の専用球場として開設された。
- On August 31, 1948, the stadium was opened as a stadium for Ritsumeikan University's baseball team.
- また、当時異端視されていた専修念仏の法然や弟子の親鸞を庇護してもいる。
- Additionally, he protected Honen who advocated Senshu Nenbutsu (single-mindedly chanting Namu-amida-butsu, which means devoting oneself to Amida Buddha) and his disciple Shinran, who were regarded as heretics at that time.
- 裏面が薄く膜状に焼けてきたら専用の千枚通しのような道具でひっくり返す。
- When the bottom of the dough roasts to the extent that a thin skin is beginning to form on the surface, turn it over with a special tool which looks like an eyeleteer (a bodkin).
- 京都本店と東京店(赤坂)があるが、京都本店はお茶席等への出張料理専門。
- Though there is a Kyoto head restaurant and a Tokyo branch (Akasaka) restaurant, the Kyoto head restaurant is specialized in delivering cuisine to tea ceremonies, etc.
- ---「しじみーあさりー」この他にも蛤や赤貝なども専門で売られていた。
- The vendor usually sold corbicula and short-neck clam by shouting 'Corbicula! Short-neck clam!', but some of them specialized in other clams like cherry stone clam or ark shell.
- しかし浮舟は一切を拒んで仏道に専心することのみを思い、返事すらもない。
- However Ukifune refuses everything and thinks about nothing but Buddhist training, and doesn't even reply to him.
- 3年後には江戸の浅草御蔵にも専用の施設が置かれて城米奉行が任命された。
- Three years later, an exclusive institution was established in Asakusa okura in Edo, and jomai bugyo was appointed.
- しかし5月、頼朝は先の無断任官と自専の振る舞いにより、義経を勘当する。
- However, in June, Yoritomo renounced Yoshitsune for his assumption of official court title without Yoritomo's permission and bold behaviors
- これに、同じく盲人音楽家たちの専門である地歌・箏曲を合わせて三曲と呼ぶ。
- Music including Kokyu-gaku as well as Jiuta songs and So music, both of which were also specialties for blind musicians, is called Sangyoku.
- 1998年にオープンした専用練習場サンガタウン城陽が京都府城陽市にある。
- A private training ground Sanga Town Joyo opened in 1998 is located in Joyo City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 小太刀術のみを専門にする剣術流派は少なく、通常は剣術の中に付属している。
- Few swordplay schools specialize only in kodachijutsu, which is usually included as one style of swordplay.
- これを一定の形に切りそろえた後、皮種専用の焼き型で両面同時に焼いていく。
- The thin layer is cut into a certain form, and baked on both sides using a baking pan dedicated to the tane.
- 12世紀末は貴族による専制政治から武士階級の封建社会への過渡期であった。
- The end of 12th century is a transition period from nobles' autocracy to samurai feudal society.
- 1955年2月 松竹を離脱し、東宝のダミー会社・宝塚映画専属俳優になる。
- In February 1955, he left Shochiku, a movie company that solely supported the Japanese kabuki art, and joined Takarazuka Eiga Co., Ltd. (Takarazuka is the name of Japan's only girls' opera troupe, and 'eiga' means 'movies'), which was a dummy operation of the Toho movie company, as this company's actor under an exclusive contract.
- 多くの場合、専門家が化粧するため、非常に洗練された美しい仕上がりになる。
- In most cases, experts help the people wear makeup so that the final conditions are sophisticated and beautiful.
- 禅風は厳格で、その生活は質素をきわめ、枯淡な禅風で修禅に専念したという。
- It is said that his Zen style was very strict, his lifestyle was extremely simple, and he devoted himself to Zen training.
- 修理は、念珠専門店、数珠修理に対応している仏壇店などで引受けてもらえる。
- Repairs are undertaken by shops specializing in nenju or Buddhist altar stores which deal with the repair of juzu.
- 一方に、駅弁専業あるいは旅館などの内職として作られ続けてきた駅弁がある。
- One group consists of Full-time Ekiben manufacturing companies, Japanese-style hotels producing Ekiben as a side job and others.
- 当初は既存の器を利用していたが、後に専用の花器が製作されるようになった。
- Existing containers were used at first, and special vases were created later.
- 池坊(いけのぼう)開祖・池坊専慶が京都の六角堂池坊の僧侶だったことに因む
- Ikenobo: The name is taken after the originator, Senkei IKENOBO, who was a monk of Rokkakudo Ikenobo (Ikenobo of Rokkaku-do Hall).
- 専用に設計された軍船ではなく、漁船や商船を楯板で武装したものを使用した。
- They used fishing boats or merchant ships armed with boards instead of warships which were specially designed.
- 明治時代以後、政府はタバコ・塩・樟脳・アルコール・あへんに専売制を実施。
- After the Meiji period, the government practiced monopolization of tobacco, salt, camphor, alcohol, and opium.
- また、在京諸司で罪が発覚した場合には杖刑以下は当該諸司の専決事項とした。
- If a crime was detected among the officials staying in Kyoto, the appropriate official had an exclusive right to decide a punishment lower than flogging.
- 1932年(昭和5年)二松学舎専門学校(二松學舍大学の前身)舎長に就任。
- In 1932, he became the principal of Nishogakusha school (later Nishogakusha University).
- その後、文禄・慶長の役に専念する秀吉の代わりに内政を司ることが多かった。
- Afterwards, he controlled domestic administrations for Hideyoshi who was dedicating himself to the Battle of Bunroku and Keicho.
- 慶應4年(1868年)には蘭学塾を慶應義塾と名付け、教育活動に専念する。
- In 1868, he named the Rangaku school 'Keio Gijuku', and thereafter, he devoted himself to education.
- しかし、明代に入ると中国では天元術は衰え、専ら李氏朝鮮で継承されてゆく。
- However, during the Ming dynasty the popularity of Tengen jutsu declined in China, and taken up entirely by Joseon-dynasty Korea.
- この頃、三好之長の専横に反発する畿内の勢力は細川高国の元に結集していた。
- During this time, the forces in kinai (the five provinces in the immediate vicinity of Kyoto) opposing the tyranny of Yukinaga MIYOSHI rallied behind Takakuni HOSOKAWA.
- 画材が高価であること、専門の教員の確保が難しいことも理由のひとつであろう。
- This is because the painting tools are expensive and it is difficult to employ specialized teachers.
- 生涯を通じて歌舞伎、それも女形に専念し、戦後の歌舞伎界に最高峰と呼ばれた。
- He was committed to kabuki, especially female roles throughout his life and was called the greatest actor among the kabuki actors in the postwar period.
- 真仏・顕智の系統をひく高田門徒(専修寺を中心とする)・荒木門徒・和田門徒。
- The Takada, a lay follower group (門徒) (based in Senshu-ji Temple), the Araki group and the Wada group were lineages of Shinbutsu and Kenchi.
- また最近では商業施設のテナントとして、たこ焼き専門の店も多く進出している。
- An increasing number of tenants specialized in takoyaki are beginning to operate in commercial complexes these days.
- コンブ干しは短期決戦のため、干し方専門のアルバイトが募集されることもある。
- As the drying process must be finished within a short period of time, part-time workers to engage in the drying process are often recruited.
- 調理の一極化や専門化を生んだとも言え、竈を中心に人が集中するようになった。
- It also produced the centralization and specialization of cooking, and people gathered together around the kamado.
- 45世専永宗匠より国際化の流れを受け、海外での活躍・支部拡大がめざましい。
- Since Senei, the 45th sosho (iemoto), Ikenobo has actively worked hard endeavoring to increase overseas branches, influenced by globalization.
- 避病院(ひびょういん)とは、明治時代に造られた日本の伝染病専門病院である。
- Hibyoin was a hospital specialized for infectious diseases built in the Meiji period in Japan.
- 武断政治(ぶだんせいじ)とは、武力を背景にして行われる専制的な政治のこと。
- Budan Seiji is an authoritarian government based on military power.
- 父 大山綱昌(薩摩藩士西郷隆充の次男、薩摩藩士大山綱毅の養子。砲術専門家)
- His father: Tsunamasa OYAMA (the second son of Takamitsu SAIGO, a feudal retainer of the Satsuma clan, adopted by Tsunatake OYAMA, a feudal retainer of the Satsuma clan, an expert of gunnery)
- 日本法律学校(現日本大学)初代校長、二松学舎専門学校(二松學舍大学)舎長。
- He was the first head of Nihon Law School (currenlty Nihon University) and a principal of Nishogakusha school (Nishogakusha University).
- その後、古筆の鑑定を専業とするため、関白豊臣秀次の命により古筆に改姓した。
- Later, he changed his family name to KOHITSU by command of Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI, the chief adviser to the Emperor, to devote himself to appraisal of old writings.
- 電気は屋台を営業する場所に専用の電源を持ち、水道は近くのビルと契約している。
- These street stall businesses have an exclusive power supply for their business operation, contracting water services with a nearby building.
- 1957年1月 東宝専属俳優になり、この時に当時宝塚スターの扇千景と出会う。
- In January 1957, he joined Toho as an actor under an exclusive contract, and that time he met Chikage OGI, who was one of the top stars of Takarazuka.
- しかしながら、その簡便さから専用の張扇によって扇拍子の残った例も少なくない。
- However, Ogi byoshi maintained through the use of the dedicated Hari-ogi still remains in many cases because it was easy-to-use.
- なお、味がさねおよび冷麺は専用麺のため、細麺は注文できないことになっている。
- The noodles used for 'Aji gasane' and 'Reimen' (cold noodles) are specific to them and thin noodles are not available.
- これらは一見すると江戸時代以前の天皇の神事専用の白玉無文巡方帯とかわらない。
- They look the same as the unfigured square sashes with white gemstones which were used only in Shinto rituals by the Emperor before the Edo Period.
- 嘉禄の法難では専修念仏を広めた中心人物の一人とみられて陸奥国に配流となった。
- Ryukan was regarded one of the major people who spread Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) in the Karoku Persecution and was exiled to Mutsu Province.
- 遮那業学生(密教専攻の学僧)として得度し、規定により12年篭山修行を行った。
- He entered the Buddhist priesthood as Shanagyo-gakusei (a learned monk who majors in Esoteric Buddhism) and according to the regulations, he practiced Rozan-shugyo for 12 years (ascetic practices of confining oneself in a temple for 12 years).
- 臨済宗とことなり公案を用いず、ただ専ら坐禅する黙照禅であることを特徴とする。
- Unlike the Rinzai sect, it does not make use of koans (paradoxical anecdotes or riddles used in Zen Buddhism to achieve enlightenment through meditation), practising instead Mokusho Zen (literally, 'the zen of silent enlightenment'), which focuses exclusively on mediation.
- 浄土真宗で門跡に准ぜられた東本願寺、西本願寺、佛光寺、専修寺、興正寺の総称。
- This is a generic term for Higashi-Hongwan-ji Temple, Nishi-Hongwan-ji Temple, Bukko-ji Temple, Senju-ji Temple and Kosho-ji Temple, which are defined as being second to the monzeki in the Jodo Shinshu sect.
- 大学の文学部史学科などで専門課程の講座や講義として設けられている場合が多い。
- In many cases, history departments in university humanities faculties have special courses and lectures for this in their curriculum.
- 唐の中期、安史の乱で財政が逼迫すると、第五キの案によって塩の専売が行われた。
- In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, when the financial status of the Empire was strained because of An Shi Rebellion, monopolization of salt was done folloiwng the suggestion of Qi DIWU.
- 平成13年(2001年)廃止(アルコール専売法廃止、アルコール事業法施行)。
- It was abolished in 2001 (The Alcohol Monopoly Law was abolished and the Alcohol Busines Act went into effect).
- 江戸幕府はこうした諸藩の専売を物価高騰の原因として好意的には見ていなかった。
- Although the Edo bakufu didn't take a favorable view to domains' monopoly, considering it as the cause of steep price rise.
- ほとんどの日本史学専攻の学生は受講しなければならないよう義務付けられている。
- For most students majoring in Japanese history, learning paleography is compulsory.
- 以後、鹿児島で隠居生活を送り、島津家に伝わっていた史書編纂・蒐集に専念した。
- After that, he led a life of retirement and devoted himself to the compilation and collection of history books handed down from old Shimazu family.
- 鴎外は自らが専門とした文学・医学、両分野において論争が絶えない人物であった。
- Ogai was always involved in dispute in the fields of literature and medical science, both of which he specialized in.
- 朝廷は国司に「俘囚専当」を兼任させ、俘囚の監督と教化・保護養育に当たらせた。
- The Imperial Court made kokushi (provincial governors) take care of the Fushu exclusively other than their regular tasks, so those kokushi supervised, trained, protected and nurtured the Fushu.
- 番組と連動した落語会の主催や、専属タレントとして落語家と契約を交わすなどした。
- They held rakugo shows linked to their programs and signed exclusive contracts with storytellers.
- この「本酉」「新酉」の他、千住の勝専寺(赤門寺。浄土宗)が「中酉」と呼ばれた。
- Aside from 'Hontori' and 'Shintori,' there was Tori no ichi held in Shosen-ji Temple (Akamon-dera Temple belonging to the Jodo Sect) in Senju, and it was called 'Naka no tori' (the Middle Cock).
- 屋台や軽トラックに専用の釜を積み売り歩く姿は、日本の冬の風物詩のひとつである。
- The image of a special kettle on a stall and a lightweight truck is one of the winter traditions in Japan.
- 現在の日本において、焼き鳥は、多くの場合、焼き鳥屋という専門店で供されている。
- In Japan today, yakitori is mostly served at special restaurants called yakitori-ya (grilled chicken restaurant).
- 洋蝋燭より作成に手間がかかるため高価であり、一般には仏具専門店にて販売される。
- Because of its intricate manufacturing process, warosoku is more expensive than western candles and usually sold at butsugu (Buddhist altar fittings) stores.
- 三味線、箏、胡弓の奏者は兼任が多いが、尺八はそれのみを専門とする演奏家が多い。
- Musicians who play shamisen, so, or kokyu often play other instruments, but shakuhachi players usually play only shakuhachi.
- 北米の鉄板焼き専門店では、料理人が炎を用いたショーを見せることで知られている。
- Teppanyaki restaurants in North America are known for the chef's fire show.
- 巻藁の中心が肩先程の高さに来るよう、また重量があるため専用の巻藁台に据え置く。
- It should be placed so that its center is as high as a human's shoulders and it should be also be placed on a special stand because of its weight.
- 日本人が海外に出るのは専ら移民や留学生で、海外旅行は一部富裕層に限られていた。
- Japanese who went overseas at that time were emigrants or students studying abroad, except for a few wealthy people who enjoyed travelling abroad.
- 京都アニメーションが自社元請け制作に一本化してからは、同社のグロス請けに専念。
- As Kyoto Animation has dedicated itself to its own prime productions, Animation Do has been devoted to the gross subcontract of Kyoto Animation.
- 8代多賀直昌は5000石を賜っていたが、宗家継承に際し隠居して茶道に専念した。
- Despite the fact that Naomasa TAGA, the eighth head of the family, received the territory worth 5,000 koku (approximately 900,000 liters of crop yields), he retired in order to concentrate on tea ceremony when he became the head.
- 1935(S11)年に、大日大聖不動明王を勧請、友司と共に宗教専従の道に立つ。
- In 1935, he called up and infused the spirit of the statue of Dainichi Daisho Fudo Myoo, and get engaged in shukyosenju (working exclusively for religion) with Tomoji.
- 宗門の運営は、何人の専横専断をも許さず、あまねく同朋の公議公論に基づいて行う。
- The management of the sect is based on open discussions by all Doho (followers) without permitting anyone's tyranny.
- 「一向」とは、ひたすらとか一筋ということで、一つに専念することを意味している。
- Ikko' literally means 'devotedly' or 'earnestly,' indicating the devotion of oneself to one thing.
- 室町時代の中期頃には、複雑になった本膳料理を専門に調理する料理流派が成立した。
- During mid Muromachi period, complicated honzen ryori (formally arranged meal) emerged from schools specializing in preparing cuisine.
- 明治20年(1887年)4月、東京女子専門学校で漢学の教師のアルバイトをする。
- In April 1887, worked part time as a teacher of Chinese classics at Tokyo Girls Vocational School.
- それを利用した専売政策は形を変えながらも辛亥革命以後にまで継続されたのである。
- The policy of monopolization that made use of it was maintained in different forms even after the Xinhai Revolution.
- 1909年(明治42年)京都市立絵画専門学校(現在の京都市立芸術大学)に学ぶ。
- In 1909, he studied at Kyoto-shiritsu Kaiga Senmon Gakko (Kyoto City Specialist School of Painting [present Kyoto City University of Arts]).
- ハーバード大学法学部で法律を学び、帰国後、専修学校の立案・運営に深く参画した。
- He learned law at Harvard Law School, and he got deeply involved in founding and running Senshu School after returning to Japan.
- それは、頼朝が上洛を取りやめ東国経営に専念した事と、養和の大飢饉の影響である。
- The factors that led to Yukiie's defeat were the outbreak of the Great Famine of Yowa and Yoritomo's decision to suspend his plan to go to Kyoto and instead concentrate on his operations in Togoku (eastern part of Japan).
- この了任が京都の本家とは別に古筆別家をたて、幕府に仕え、鑑定の仕事に専念した。
- Ryonin set up a new branch of the KOHITSU family independently of the original house in Kyoto, served the shogunate and devoted himself to appraisal.
- 能登は守護の畠山氏が遊佐氏や長氏らの重臣たちの専横に苦しみ、内紛を繰り返した。
- In Noto, shugo, the Hatakeyama clan, was annoyed by high-handedness by senior vassals, such as the Yusa clan, Cho clan and so on, and internal conflicts were repeated.
- その他にも、専門的な技術者養成機関としては典薬寮、陰陽寮、雅楽寮などがあった。
- Additionally, Tenyakuryo, Onmyoryo (Bureau of Divination), Utaryo and so forth were established as training institutions for specialist technical experts.
- 鎌倉期迄の当時の偽物、時代贋(じだいにせ)は、専門家でも看破することはできない。
- Even an expert is not able to detect an imitation old sword created in the period until the Kamakura period, called the jidainise (imitation created at that time).
- 蕎麦専門店だけではなく、うどんも提供する店もありこのような店も「蕎麦屋」と呼ぶ。
- The term 'sobaya' (soba restaurant) includes restaurants that offer both soba and udon, in addition to those specialized in soba.
- だいたいは能楽のそれと同様だが、最初から張扇専用に、かなり大き目のものをつくる。
- Hari-sen is made through almost the same processes as Hariogi in Nohgaku, but, a comparatively large fan is made only for Hari-sen from the beginning.
- 2008年4月現在、関係者専用駐車場だったのが、コインパーキングに変わっている。
- As of April, 2008, the staff parking lot is turned into the coin-parking lot.
- 地芝居における演目の多くは専業の演者による公演と重なり、その影響が強く見られる。
- Many Jishibai programs overlap with those of expert performers, which indicates that Jishibai is strongly influenced by the experts' performances.
- 義太夫狂言での義太夫節は主に舞台上手に専用の舞台(床(ゆか)という)で演奏する。
- Gidayu-bushi in Gidayu-kyogen is mainly played in the area (called 'Yuka') specially set up on the right side of the stage.
- 女房の名称は、仕える宮廷や貴族の邸宅で彼女らにあてがわれた専用の部屋に由来する。
- The name of nyobo was derived from the chamber which was assigned to them in the Imperial court or the residence of the court noble that they attended.
- 専売制を導入するためには対象となる消費物資の生産・流通が集中的である必要がある。
- In order to introduce monopolization, it is necessary that the production and distribution of consumption goods is focused.
- 元禄3年(1690年)、25歳のとき赦されて江戸に戻り、ここでも学問に専念した。
- In 1690, at the age of 25, he was forgiven and returned to Edo, where he also studied hard.
- また尾張から松翁流胡弓が伝えられ、山田流箏曲との合奏専用に特化して伝えられている。
- Also, the Shoo school of kokyu music, which was introduced from Owari Province, has been handed down to us in an exclusively specialized form of the ensemble with the Yamada school of koto music.
- 他方、捕鯨会社の肝いりで東京に開かれた鯨肉料理専門店は繁盛せずに倒産した例もある。
- On the other hand, some of the restaurants specialized in whale meat-based dishes under the sponsorship of a whaling company were unable to be prosperous and became bankrupt.
- 専売制が実施される前は個人経営のタバコ店がそれぞれの刻みタバコを製造販売していた。
- Before a tobacco monopoly was implemented, private tobacco shops manufactured and sold individual shredded tobacco.
- また、折り上げられた作品そのものや、折り紙用に作られた正方形の専用紙のことも指す。
- It also refers to a folded paper model itself or a piece of square paper used exclusively for origami.
- それぞれ専門の職掌の者が行うほかに、謡の稽古の際に師匠がアシライをすることもある。
- Each specialist performs, while a master sometimes conducts Ashirai in practicing Utai (the chanting of a Noh text).
- 「総絞り」は、非常に手が込んでおり、専門の職人が三年近くを費やして作るほどである。
- So-shibori' is so elaborate that professionals in dyeing cloth spend about three years making it.
- 囲炉裏は炊事専門のかまど、属人的な火鉢とともに、日本の伝統家屋の火の座を構成した。
- The firing system of a traditional Japanese house was composed of an Irori fireplace, a Kamado (cooking stove) exclusively for cooking, and a Hibachi (brazier) for human use.
- (応長2年〈1312年〉に、「専修寺」と額を掲げるが、叡山の反対により撤去する。)
- (In 1312, he posted the name 'Senju-ji,' but the people of Enryaku-ji Temple opposed it and the name was taken down.)
- 後に唐招提寺を本拠として戒律研究に専念し、南都六宗の一つとして今日まで続いている。
- He later devoted himself to research on the commandments at the base of Toshodai-ji Temple, and this sect still exists today as one of Nanto rokushu (the six sects of Buddhism which flourished in ancient Nara).
- (応長2年〈1312年〉にに、「専修寺」の額を掲げるが、叡山の反対により撤去する。
- (In 1312 he put up the framework of 'Senju-ji Temple' but it was removed by Eizan's opposition.)
- 正和元年(1312年) 三代覚如は廟堂を再建、寺院化し専修寺(せんじゅじ)とした。
- In 1312 the third Rusushiki Kakunyo rebuilt Mausoleum as a temple, Senju-ji Temple.
- このことは専門的には「精米特性が精米歩合/高度精白に耐えられる」などと表現される。
- Technically, this is expressed as 'seimai tokusei (properties of rice with respect to polishing) is durable due to its polishing ratio/high degree polishing.'
- 牛肉料理の専門店では、特に断りが無くても「カツ丼」=「ビフカツ丼」である事も多い。
- In restaurants specializing in beef dishes, 'katsudon' means 'beef katsudon' without any special notice.
- 銀錠と銅銭の交換を専門に行う銭荘・銀楼などと呼ばれる両替商も出現するようになった。
- Money changers, known as 銭荘 (Qian-zhuang) or 銀楼, who specialized in exchange between silver sycee and copper coins appeared.
- 1871年11月に居留地見廻役は廃止され、神奈川県警察部に専門の部署が設けられた。
- In November of 1871 the Settlement Patrol was disbanded, whereupon a special dedicated section of the Kanagawa Prefectural Police Department was established to police the Settlement.
- それを承けて、日本の専門家の間でも同様な見解を示す向きが近年は多くなってきている。
- Specialists on this matter in Japan have increasingly started to accept this view in recent times.
- 名目上、藩札の専一流通を規定した藩は数多いが、赤穂藩ほど徹底していた例は稀である。
- Although many domains only allowed their han bills to be circulated within the territories, few of them could do this as thoroughly as Ako Domain did.
- 『三国志』で著名な蜀でも諸葛亮が塩の専売による財政充実を行ったことが知られている。
- In Shu, which is well-known from 'the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms,' Liang ZHUGE is known to have strengthened the finance of the kingdom by monopolization of salt.
- 将軍専制権力の確立を目指す義満は統制が困難だった有力守護大名の弱体化を狙っていた。
- At that time, Yoshimitsu wanted to make the shogunate an autocratic power, and thus he aimed to weaken major shugo clans, whom he had trouble to control.
- 1837年、常陸国志筑藩士(郷目付)・鈴木専右衛門忠明の二男として志筑に生まれる。
- In 1837, he was born in the Shizuku Domain as the second son of Senemon Tadaaki SUZUKI, a statesman (Gometsuke [inspector of villages]) of the Shizuku clan.
- しかし次官の白根専一とともに警察を動員して強力な選挙干渉を行なって死者まで出した。
- However, together with vice-minister Senichi SHIRANE, he called out police force to intervene the election forcibly which caused casualities as a result.
- 1872年、北ドイツ留学生総代となり在独留学生の専攻科目決定に介入し物議をかもす。
- In 1872 he became the representative of the overseas students in North Germany and aroused much controversy by intervening in the decision of the major subjects of the students in Germany.
- 義経の軍奉行だった梶原景時が讒言(義経の驕慢と独断専行を報告)したのも一因である。
- Yoshitsune's military commander Kagetoki KAJIWARA's false claim (the report of Yoshitsune being arrogant and acting arbitrarily on his own authority) was another reason.
- 本職は朝鮮史を専攻する歴史家だが、学者としてよりは官僚、教育者として知られている。
- His professional studies focused on Korean history, but he was most commonly known as a bureaucrat and an educator.
- 尊王攘夷を目的に結成された浪士組だが、会津藩預かりとなり京の不逞浪士取締りに専念。
- The roshi-gumi was formed with aims for Sonno Joi, but it was under the custody of the Aizu clan, so he devoted himself to cracking down on repined masterless samurai in Kyoto.
- 一般に、法然は善導の『観経疏』によって称名念仏による専修念仏を説いたとされている。
- In general, it is said that Honen preached senju-nenbutsu by reciting Buddha's name, in accordance with Zendo's 'Kangyosho.'
- こうした流れの中で、兵の家の中から軍事を専門として従事する家系が固定化していった。
- Meanwhile, some families from tsuwamono-no-ie established themselves as being specialized in military affairs.
- 「出羽権介の田中豊益は、農業経営を専門とし、数町の田地を経営する大名田堵である。」
- Dewa gon no suke (Deputy governor of Dewa Province) Toyomasu TANAKA is a specialist in agricultural management and at the same time, he is Daimyo Tato who manages several hectares of rice fields.'
- 一般的には、和服のクリーニングを専門に扱うクリーニング店に洗濯を依頼することが多い。
- Generally, people have their Wafuku washed by a laundry that specializes in washing Wafuku.
- 文字通り植木を専門に売る的屋であり、元々は植木屋や現在でも植木屋と兼業する者も多い。
- As the name implies, these are tekiya that sell plants and remains a side business of many gardeners even to this day.
- 洋菓子の場合、屋内での作業となるので、専用の洋菓子作り用の道具類がそのまま使われる。
- In the case of western confectionery, work is done indoors and thus the instruments for exclusive use are used as they are.
- 隠居後には京都に移って素謡教授を専門とし、以後同地に観世流の謡が広まる地歩を築いた。
- After his retirement, he moved to Kyoto and exclusively taught Su-utai (Noh lyrics without music), and he built the foundation for spreading Kanze-ryu's utai there.
- 濃茶の場合は、茶碗の飲み口を直接懐紙で、または小茶巾と呼ばれる専用の布や紙でぬぐう。
- At a koicha (thick tea) party, people directly use kaishi or a special cloth (or a piece of paper) called kojakin to clean off the lip of a tea bowl.
- また、大学・国学では主に儒教を専門に教育しており、仏教・道教などは扱っていなかった。
- The major subject at Daigaku and Kokugaku was mainly Confucianism, so Buddhism and Taoism weren't taught there.
- 専門家の中でもわざわざ「きが」とルビを振り読者の注意を促す者もいるので注意を要する。
- We must be careful because even some specialists indicate reading as 'kiga' purposely to ask special care of readers.
- 1980年代半ば、カラオケを専門的に提供する、カラオケボックスという事業形態が誕生。
- In the mid 1980's, a business structure of the karaoke box that exclusively provide karaoke emerged.
- 1階はsapporo55cafeというテイクアウト専門店で、2階が喫茶店となっている
- The first floor is sapporo55cafe, which specializes in take out while the second floor is the tea room.
- 年輪年代学では原理的に遺跡の年代の上限しか決定できない上に、まだ専門家の数が少ない。
- This is because not only is dendrochronology limited to determining the maximum possible age of remains in principle, but also the number of experts is still small.
- 更に戦国時代 (日本)には、公事専門に徴収するための公事田が設定される場合もあった。
- Moreover, in the Sengoku period (period of warring states) of Japan, there was a case that kujida was set up to collect only kuji.
- 「民撰議院」によって有司の専権を抑え、以て国民は幸福を享受することになると主張する。
- They insisted that, with 'Minsen Giin' to suppress the autocracy of the bureaucrats, citizens would be happier.
- 専門書も多く、挿花・盆栽などの園芸についてや金魚の飼育について述べられたものがある。
- There are many specialized books and some of them dealt with gardening such as flower arrangement and miniature potted plant and keeping goldfish.
- 時の将軍・義輝も義鎮の蹴鞠好きを知り、蹴鞠の際に着用する専用の衣服などを送っている。
- Shogun of the period, Yoshiteru knew that Yoshishige liked kemari and gave him the special clothes worn in kemari.
- 次第にみきの教えにを従う人の数も増え、元治元年(1864年)、専用に勤め場所を建築。
- The number of her followers gradually increased, and in 1864, she built a place for service.
- 11年後の文政6年(1823年)には、家業の火消同心を辞め、絵師を専門の職業にした。
- Eleven years later, in 1823, he resigned from the family business as a fire fighter and became a full-time painter.
- 専横を振るった細川政元も香西元長・薬師寺長忠らに暗殺された(1507年永正の錯乱)。
- Masamoto HOSOKAWA, who had been extremely domineering, was assassinated by Motonaga KOZAI, Nagatada YAKUSHIJI and so on (Eisho Disturbance in 1507).
- 大覚寺統の後醍醐天皇が鎌倉幕府を滅ぼし、建武の新政と呼ばれる天皇専制の政治を行った。
- Defeating the Kamakura bakufu, Emperor Godaigo for Daikakuji-to governed the nation autocratically in his so-called Kemmu Restoration.
- 胡弓専用の曲のほか、これら地歌曲の多くや箏曲の一部に胡弓を合奏することも盛んになった。
- In addition to the music specialized for Kokyu, Kokyu was played widely for a lot of Jiuta songs and for some So music as well.
- しかし現在は河川の汚れなどもあり、ほとんどが専門業者の人工の川(施設)で行われている。
- However, due to the water pollution and the like, it is now performed in artificial rivers (facilities) of professional corporations in most cases.
- 専門店では、なまぐささを除去するために軽く白濁しない程度に湯がいて供される場合が多い。
- In some specialty shops, salmon roe is often boiled, lightly before it turns cloudy, in order to remove the fishy smell.
- この皮むきの作業は非常に高い専門性を有し、限られた職人や加工場での作業が必要であった。
- As this skinning process required expertise, only a limited number of professionals and processing factories were able to do it.
- また東大寺などにも設置され、専門の写経生たちによって、国家事業としてに写経が行われた。
- A public shakyo center was also established in the Todai-ji Temple, and shakyo was practiced by those who practiced shakyo as a profession under a national project.
- 古墳研究の専門家の間においてもこれらの写真の有する学術的価値は極めて高いと評価された。
- Kofun research experts also praised highly its academic values of these photographs.
- ある特定の水田に専用の小規模な草山を設定することもあり、これは「田付草山」と呼ばれた。
- In some paddy fields, an individual Kusayama was set up, and this type was called 'Tatsuki kusayama' (attached Kusayama to paddy).
- 刀剣の多くは接近戦専用で、広い空間では長柄武器(槍・薙刀など)に対して不利だったこと。
- Most swords were for close combat, and they have a disadvantage against long handled weapons (Yari - spear or Naginata - pole swords) in a wide space.
- 有司専制(ゆうしせんせい)とは、明治政府の藩閥官僚中心・超然主義の政府を批判した言葉。
- Yushi Sensei is a term criticizing the Meiji government for their domain cliques and transcendentalism.
- その後の葬儀は諸陵寮が取り仕切るようになり、併合されてからは用具の管理が専門となった。
- After absorption, Shoryoryo came to manage funerals and Sogishi was responsible only for management of the equipments.
- 天文19年(1550年)7月13日に家中において専横を極める井上元兼とその一族を殺害。
- On September 4, 1550 he murdered Motokane INOUE and his family who had lorded over the Mori family.
- 1913年以降は作家活動に専念し、新聞連載の長編小説や、探偵物、スリラー物を多く執筆。
- After 1913 he devoted himself to writing and published many newspaper serial novels, detective stories and thrillers.
- しかし当時の幕府は既に北条氏による専制体制を整えていたため将軍には何ら権限は無かった。
- However, by this time the Shoguns had already become puppets of the Hojo clan and the Shogun had no power at all.
- もともとは菊紋とともに皇室専用の家紋であったが、後に皇室以外でも使用されるようになった。
- It was originally the family crest exclusively for the Imperial family as well as Kiku-mon (crest of Chrysanthemum), but it later turned to be used by non-Imperial family as well.
- 室町時代末期に専門工が出現し、安土桃山時代には西村道仁、辻与次郎等が名工として知られる。
- In the end of Muromachi period, there appeared founding technicians of tea kettles and, in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, there were well-known master craftsmen such as Donin NISHIMURA and Yojiro TSUJI.
- とくに江戸では人口が集中して大消費地になったために、酒についても専門問屋仲間が成立した。
- Especially in Edo, which was a large market by population concentration, professional wholesale merchants group appeared.
- 大正8年1月29日、西久保は大日本武徳会の副会長と武術専門学校長になり、名称変更を主張。
- On January 29, 1919, Nishikubo assumed the posts of vice-president of Dai Nippon Butoku Kai and the principal of Bujutsu Senmon Gakko, and insisted on changing the name.
- 皮種は一般的に種屋と呼ばれる和菓子材料の専門業者が製造しており、和菓子店へ提供している。
- The tane is generally produced by professional manufacturers of Japanese sweets materials called 'taneya' and supplied to Japanese sweets makers.
- 特に各種の専門的な学問・教養・技術などを社会のなかで実際に役立ててゆくための才能や手腕。
- In particular, the ability and competence to make actual use of various types of specialist knowledge, education, and skills in society.
- 河東節はもう市村羽左衛門の占有物ではなく、市川團十郎の専売特許だということを見せつけた。
- In this performance, it was shown that Katobushi was no longer dedicated to Uzaemon ICHIMURA and that Danjuro ICHIKAWA had a patent on Katobushi.
- そのため野生酵母が入り込まないように、酒母を造るときには管理の効いた専用の空間を設ける。
- Therefore, in order to prevent yasei-kobo from being mixed in, a dedicated space under strict management is provided when shubo (the main material of sake) is produced.
- 通常、蕎麦を食わせる店は蕎麦の専門店、もしくは蕎麦とうどんのみを扱う店であることが多い。
- Most of the restaurants that serve soba usually offer either exclusively soba or nothing, but soba and udon.
- しかし、このころの貴族の男女の交際は専ら手紙であり、男性も女性へ送る手紙は女手で書いた。
- In this era, a male and a female in the noble class interacted with each other mostly through letters, and males used onna-de characters as well to write letters to females.
- 首尾よく牧野は勝見を受け入れ、専属とし、製作した作品はマキノ・プロダクションが配給した。
- Fortunately, Makino agreed to an exclusive contract with Katsumi, and Makino Productions distributed films produced by Katsumi Yotaro Productions.
- また、寺院では仏教を専門に教育しており、儒教などの世俗の学問は基本的に扱っていなかった。
- The major subject at temples was Buddhism, and secular studies such as Confucianism and so on were generally not taught there.
- また近世思想史や美術史などを専攻する研究員4人が所属し、まんが文化の研究にあたっている。
- In the museum, four researchers specializing in modern history of thought, art history, and so on, have conducted research on manga culture.
- 料金を支払った客を区分しやすくするために、サウナ専用のカラータオルを貸しだすこともある。
- In order to distinguish visitors who pay a charge from those who don't, some facilities lease colored towels only for the sauna bath.
- 「とんかつ太郎」は醤油だれカツ丼の専門店というわけではなく、普通のとんかつ屋さんである。
- Tonkatsu Taro is an ordinary tonkatsu restaurant, not necessarily specializing in katsudon with a soy-sauce-based sauce.
- 藤原頼通も庭園をつくろうとしたとき、気に入った専門家がなく、みずから作庭したといわれる。
- It is said that FUJIWARA no Yorimichi produced the garden himself because he could not find a favorite gardening specialist when he tried to build a garden at the Byodo-in.
- 玩賞品(がんしょうひん)として扱われるものや、専門家の間でも議論の分かれる物も存在する。
- Some of such coins are used as a gift or for personal enjoyment and there are some coins that experts differ in their opinions.
- 播磨国のほぼ中央部に位置する姫路藩は木綿の専売などで周辺経済に大きな影響力を有していた。
- Located almost in the center of Harima Province, the Himeji clan had a sizable economic power that affected its surrounding areas, for example, the exclusive sales of cotton.
- この頃は摂関政治に代わる院政の時代で、白河天皇が「治天の君」として専制権力を振っていた。
- It was time of Insei (rule by the retired Emperor) which replaced the regency, and Emperor Shirakawa was exercising dictatorship as 'chiten no kimi' (the retired Emperor in power).
- 平安時代後期以降、和気氏と丹波氏による世襲となり、典薬頭は専ら丹波氏の小森家が独占した。
- Starting in the late Heian period, appointment to the bureau became a hereditary privilege of the Wake and Tanba clans, and the Komori family of the Tanba clan achieved a complete monopoly over the position of Tenyaku no kami.
- 古備前(在銘)、古青江などの各代の特定もしくは真偽(当時の偽物)は専門家でも不可能である。
- As for the old swords such as the old Bizen (with inscription), the old Aoe, even an expert is not able to determine its generation or to judge its authenticity (old swords imitated at that time).
- 白河も鳥羽も積極的な政策展開を行い、専制的な院政の典型とも、院政の最盛期とも評されている。
- Both Shirakawa and Toba worked to positively develop politics, it was criticized as the typical style of despotic cloistered government or the golden age of the cloistered government.
- 手打ち蕎麦を製麺する専門的な技術を習得した者を蕎麦職人(そばしょくにん)と呼ぶことがある。
- Persons who have mastered professional skills to make soba by hand are sometimes referred to as soba chefs.
- 地方によっては専門家が化粧する場合があり、その場合は非常に洗練された美しい仕上がりになる。
- In some regions, experts sometimes help them wear makeup, and in those cases the final conditions can be very sophisticated and beautiful.
- 日本国内の場合、多くの自治体では初期処理には専門の資格者が当たることが義務付けられている。
- In Japan, many municipalities oblige cooks to have a special license for the first stage of processing.
- 釈迦(しゃか)は多くの哲学者や宗教家の教えを受け、苦行にも専念したが悟りを得られなかった。
- Shaka studied under many philosophers or people of religion and practiced asceticism, but he was unable to attain enlightenment.
- なお、1205年(元久2年)には興福寺奏状を起草し、法然の専修念仏を批判し、停止を求めた。
- In 1205, he drew up a report to the throne titled Kofuku-ji Sojo in which he criticized Honen's Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) and asked for it to be stopped.
- 絵仏師(えぶっし)とは、僧侶にあって、主に仏教絵画の制作や仏像の彩色などに従事した専門職。
- Ebusshi was a monk and specialist who was mainly engaged in the production of Buddhist paintings and coloring of statues.
- 今日でも著名人が多く宿泊し、皇族の奈良宿泊の際にはこのホテルが利用されることが専らである。
- Even today, many celebrities stay at this hotel; imperial families mainly use this hotel when they stay in Nara.
- また照明専用具として油やろうそくがありはしたが、いずれも庶民にとっては高価なものであった。
- Articles for lighting, such as oil or candles, were too expensive for common people to use.
- そのため、1588年(天正16年)に専誉が長谷寺に入り、後に真言宗豊山派の総本山となった。
- Consequently, Senyo went into Hase-dera Temple in 1588, which came to be the grand head temple of the Shingon sect Buzan-ha.
- 六段以降になると、段位合格者名が大手剣道専門雑誌の「剣道日本」や「剣道時代」に掲載される。
- In the case of Rokudan and higher levels, the names of successful applicants are listed by such Kendo magazines as 'Kendo Nihon' and 'Kendo Jidai.'
- 茄子の皮の色を綺麗に出したいときは鉄釘か専用の鉄製器具が売られているのでそれを入れておく。
- When you want to make the color of eggplants' skin bright, insert an iron nail or an iron utensil which is sold exclusively for this purpose.
- このため、専門家でない人たちが平安時代の衣服を「復元」して不特定多数に公開することがある。
- Therefore nonexperts 'restore' the Heian costume in their works, and place them on exhibition.
- ここに雄藩諸侯会議路線は潰え、有司(維新官僚)専制による明治維新への道が開かれるのである。
- This is how the major domains' lords conference line died and the way to the Meiji restoration by Yushi Sensei (autocratic government dominated by domain clique [Restoration bureaucrats]) was opened.
- 心敬・宗砌・後土御門天皇・専順・大内政弘など約250人の句を集めた有心連歌の集大成である。
- It is a compilation of Ushin renga (elegant, subtle and profound works) created by about 250 poets including Shinkei, Sozei, Emperor Gotsuchimikado, Senjun, and Masahiro OUCHI.
- 翌年3月には木綿の専売を取り仕切る綿町国産会所を開設し、後に切手会所を国産会所に併設した。
- In March of 1821, a Wata-machi kokusan-kaisho (domestic exchanger), who managed the monopolization of cotton, was opened, and a kitte-kaisho was later built next to it.
- 姫路藩が領地を有していた播磨平野は綿作の好適地であり、木綿の専売で大きな実績を上げていた。
- Harima Plain, owned by Himeji Domain, was an ideal place to produce cotton, so they earned money by monopolizing cotton.
- この事件により、執権北条時頼の権力が確立され、得宗(北条家嫡流)の専制権力への道を開いた。
- This incident helped to establish the regent Tokiyori HOJO's power, and paved the way for the dictatorship of Tokuso (the main branch of the HOJO clan).
- 一、与力を専ら使役し、他への取り次ぎや戦事にはこの与力で軍役を済まし自身の家臣を使わない。
- 11. You mainly employ yoriki and only use yoriki for liaison with other warriors and for military services during battles, but you do not use your own vassals.
- 樺太でのロシアの圧力が増したため、明治3年(1870年)5月に樺太専任の開拓次官となった。
- In response to the increasing threat from Russia in Sakhalin, he was appointed as undersecretary of the Hokkaido Development Commission in charge of Sakhalin in May 1870.
- また10月、小野梓や高田早苗らと東京専門学校(現早稲田大学)を東京郊外の早稲田に開設した。
- And in October, he established Tokyo Senmon Gakko (current Waseda University) with Azusa ONO, Sanae TAKATA and others in the suburbs of Tokyo, Waseda.
- また、カツ丼専門店では、カツ丼を綴じる玉子をカレーソースに置き換えた「カレーカツ丼」がある。
- Also, some katsudon (pork cutlet on rice) restaurants have 'curry katsudon' on the menu, in which the egg soup for binding the cutlet in katsudon is replaced by curry sauce.
- 各地の老舗をはじめ鯨料理の専門店が存在するほか、メニューの一つとして取り入れている例もある。
- There are Restaurants specialized in whale-meat-based dishes in various areas including well-established restaurants and also there are some restaurants where whale-meat-based dishes are included in their menu items.
- なかには自分でガイドマニュアルや手引きをつくったり、専用の衣装を誂えたりする熱心な人も居る。
- Some such guides are so enthusiastic that they create their own guide manuals and guidelines and even order special clothing.
- 応長元年(1311年)、越前・大町専修寺の如道(真宗三門徒派開基)に「教行信証」を講述する。
- In 1311, he lectured 'Kyogyoshinsho' to Nyodo (founder of Sanmonto school of Jodo Shinshu) at Omachi Senju-ji Temple in Echizen Province.
- 親鸞は彼らに対し、専修念仏以外に道はないが、念仏を取捨選択するのは各々の自由であると答えた。
- Shinran answered that there was no way to reach Ojo except Senju Nenbutsu however whether people accept Senju Nenbutsu would depend on each person's will.
- 1303年(嘉元元年)関東における専修念仏が禁止されそうになると、関東にくだりこれを護った。
- When the Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) was threatened to be prohibited in the Kanto region in 1303, Yuizen went down to Kanto to protect it.
- 専門家の中でもわざわざ「ぎんじょうか」とルビを振り読者の注意を促す者もいるので注意を要する。
- We must be careful because even some specialists indicate reading it as 'ginjoka' purposely to ask the special care of readers.
- 海外からの温泉旅行専門のツアーや日本の各地の温泉を紹介する英語版のウェブサイトも見られる.。
- Tours from abroad that specialize in Onsen as well as English web-sites introducing Onsen at various places in Japan are also seen recently.
- 出来上がった粘土状のもの(練り玉)を専用の押し出し器で押し出し、一定の太さの棒状に成型する。
- Mold clay-like material (neridama) into sticks with same thickness as what extruders produce for exclusive use.
- これらの演者は元々農民や僧侶だったが、平安末期頃から専門的に演じる職業集団も成立していった。
- Although these performers were originally farmers and monks, from about the late Heian Period, occupational groups performing their own specialties were also established.
- Performers of such art were originally farmers or Buddhist monks, but some of them were organized into professional artists groups at the end of Heian period.
- 実朝は専横が目立った頼家と違って教養に富んだ文人肌で朝廷を重んじて公家政権との融和を図った。
- Unlike Yoriie, who had always insisted on having his own way, Sanetomo was more academically oriented, honored the Imperial Court and strived for a harmonious relationship with the nobility.
- 現在は、様々な事情で作成が困難であるため、専門の木刀職人に流派独特のものを注文することが多い。
- Artisans specializing in bokuto often make these school-specific weapons to order as today, for various reasons, they are difficult to produce.
- 第二次世界大戦前までは家庭で行なわれることが多かったが、のちに専門業者に依頼することがふえた。
- This job used to be done in most individual households, but since the end of World War II growing numbers of professionals have been hired to do it.
- 桓武天皇による平安遷都(794年)の背景の一つには、奈良仏教(南都六宗)の専横の問題があった。
- One background of the transfer of the national capital to the city of Heian-kyo by Emperor Kanmu (in the year 794) was the problem of the tyranny of Nara Buddhism (Nanto rokushu, or the six sects of Buddhism that flourished in ancient Nara).
- 日本では仏教をはじめとする中国文化とともに絵画の制作を専門とする画工・画師の仕組も導入された。
- In Japan, along with the introduction of Chinese culture including Buddhism, the organization of edakumi (painter) and eshi (often master painter) who specialized in the production of painting was also introduced.
- 元久元年(1204年)の比叡山の僧徒が、時の天台座主真性に対して専修念仏停止の訴えを起こした。
- In 1204 the priests on Mt. Hiei petitioned Archbishop Shinsho of the Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect) to issue a prohibition against the senju nenbutsu (the single-minded recitation of the nenbutsu).
- 4月5日には4枚の天井石のうちの1枚がクレーンで吊り上げられ、専用車両で修理施設へと移された。
- On April 5, one of the four pieces of the ceiling stone were lifted with a crane to be moved with a dedicated vehicle to the renovation facility.
- 英称を直訳すると「平安古代史博物館」となる通り、平安時代を中心とする古代史の専門博物館である。
- As indicated by its English name, it was a museum specializing in ancient history with a focus on the Heian period.
- 真言宗が密教専修であるのに対し、天台宗は天台・密教・戒律・禅の四宗相承である点が異なっている。
- While members of the Shingon sect learn Mikkyo independently, members of the Tendai sect learn Tendai, Mikkyo, Buddhist precepts and Zen at the same time.
- もともと地歌三味線、箏、胡弓は江戸時代の初めから当道座の盲人音楽家たちが専門とする楽器である。
- The jiuta shamisen, so (koto) and kokyu (Chinese fiddle) were originally musical instruments in which the blind musicians of Todo-za had specialized since the early Edo period.
- 通常、留置中の被疑者については専用の弁当が用意されており留置所での食事時間が必ず取られている。
- Normally, the custodial suspect is offered special bentos, and he always takes meals at fixed times in jail.
- それぞれに、特定の曲目専用の装束(常装束)と、複数の曲目で共通に使う装束(常装束、等)がある。
- Respectively, there are costumes only for a certain number (Betsu-shozoku costumes) and those commonly used for more than one number (Tsune-shozoku costumes, etc.).
- 越訴は当初は引付が管轄していたが、文永元年(1264年)には専門機関として越訴方が設置された。
- At first the hikitsuke (Court of justice) was in charge of osso, however, the Ossokata (legal institution) was set up as a specialized institution in 1264.
- このほかにこの鉢形の甕棺専用蓋が用いられるものも多く、また木製や石製の蓋が使われることも多い。
- In addition, a pot type earthenware dedicated to a kamekan lid was often used, as well as wooden or stone lid.
- 幕府は、江戸時代中期以降に、米・箔(金箔・銀箔など)・石灰・高麗人参・銅などの専売を実施した。
- In the middle of the Edo period, the bakufu practiced the monopolization of rice, foil (gold foil, silver foil, etc.), lime, Korean ginseng, copper, and others.
- 江戸幕府・諸藩は、領内の特定商品の仕入れと販売に介入し、利益を上げるために専売制度を実施した。
- The Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and domains practiced monopolization in order to intervene with the purchase and sales of specific goods within the territory and to gain profits.
- 奈良麻呂は仲麻呂の専横に強い不満を持ち、大伴古麻呂、小野東人らと語らい仲麻呂の排除を画策した。
- Naramaro had a strong grievance against Nakamaro's tyranny and maneuvered to get rid of Nakamaro, together with OTOMO no Komaro, Ono no Azumahito and so on.
- 遣明船は遣唐使船と異なり、専用船を新造したわけではなく、国内の民間の廻船(商船)の借り入れた。
- Unlike the case of Kentoshisen (envoy ships dispatched to Tang, China), ships of Kenminsen were not the ones that were newly built for exclusive use but the rented private ships (merchant ships).
- いわゆる高級な寿司屋ではあまり見られないが、庶民的な店やテイクアウト専門の寿司屋では人気の寿司。
- This is not seen very much in high-class sushi shops, but is a popular sushi in common shops and takeout sushi shops.
- 昔は活性炭濾過が盛んに行なわれていたので、少量の炭で効率よく濾過をおこなう専門家が必要であった。
- Since the sake filtration with activated charcoal was popular in the past, they required experts who were familiar with an efficient filtration method which used only a little amount of charcoal.
- 戦国時代も後期になるにつれ、一種の専門職としての剣術者が認識され、各地を渡り歩くようにもなった。
- Expert swordsmen were recognized as professional personnel in the late Sengoku period, and they began to wander from place to place.
- 座りや着せ替えができるタイプは、専門の人形作家の手によって伝統工芸品として制作・販売されている。
- Ichimatsu ningyo which can sit down and change the clothes is produced and sold by professional doll makers as traditional crafts.
- 明治末期には文楽座が唯一の人形浄瑠璃専門の劇場となったことから、人形浄瑠璃の代表的存在となった。
- As Bunraku-za became the only theater specialized in ningyo joruri at the end of the Meiji period, it represented ningyo joruri.
- 高僧が長年源氏物語に耽溺したため仏の教えに専心出来ないとする女人の依頼により供養するという内容。
- The outline of the story is that according to Nyonin (a woman), a certain high-ranking priest was indulged so much in the Tale of Genji that he could not concentrate on Buddhist teachings, so Kuyo was performed at her request.
- 池坊 専慶(いけのぼう せんけい、生没年不詳)は、室町時代中期の京都頂法寺(六角堂)池坊の僧侶。
- Senkei IKENOBO (the dates of his birth and death were unknown) was a Buddhist priest of Kyoto Choho-ji Temple (Rokkakudo) in the middle of the Muromachi period.
- そのほうが、農家にとっても一年の収入が保証されているので安心して酒米作りに専念できるからである。
- This is because the farmer can concentrate on the production of sakamai with an assurance of yearly income.
- このうち、元興寺・東大寺・西大寺には「小塔院」と呼ばれる百万塔などを納める専門施設も設置された。
- Gango-ji Temple, Todai-ji Temple, and Saidai-ji Temple, were the only three of the ten temples that built a special structure called a 'Shoto-in Temple.'
- 中国では前漢の武帝 (漢)が匈奴との戦いで逼迫した財政を再建するために鉄や塩などの専売を行った。
- In China, Emperor Wu of the Former Han (Han) monopolized iron and salt in order to rebuilt the financial status of the Empire, which had been strained due to the war against Xiongnu.
- 軍事貴族(ぐんじきぞく)とは、日本の古代後期から中世最初期にかけて出現した軍事専門の貴族をいう。
- The military aristocracy consisted of aristocrats specialized in military affairs who emerged in history in the late ancient period through the early medieval period.
- この動きは13世紀後半の元寇によって加速し、幕府の対応策は徳政令発布や得宗専制という形で現れた。
- This move was accelerated due to the Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, and the measures taken by the bakufu against this move appeared in the forms of Tokuseirei (ordering the return of land sold and the dissolution of debts) and the tyranny of the patrimonial head of the main branch of the Hojo clan.
- 専門学校以上の女性の学生・生徒の制服を、なるべく婦人標準服に変えてもらうよう働きかけることとした。
- The outline stated that the uniforms for the female students of technical schools and higher schools should be encouraged to be the standard female clothes.
- いっぽう大坂では、従来の造り酒屋が問屋を兼業していたので、江戸のような専門酒問屋は出現しなかった。
- In Osaka, on the other hand, conventional Tsukurizakaya sold wholesale as well so a specialized wholesale merchant of sake like Edo did not appear.
- 利用不可能になったおしぼりは廃棄されるがダスターとして専門の業者によりリサイクルされることも多い。
- End-of-life oshibori are normally disposed of, but they are also often recycled by recycling companies to be used as dusters.
- 米専用の炊飯器で炊くとジャポニカ種特有の粘り気が現れ、澱粉のアルファ化度が高くなり淡い甘味がある。
- When steamed by a dedicated rice cooker, the stickiness unique to Japonica rice is produced, and it becomes faintly sweet due to increased degree of gelatinization of starch.
- 巻藁での稽古では、専用の矢鏃(やじり)(矢の先端の金具)を付けた、通称「巻藁矢」「藁矢」を用いる。
- During makiwara practice, an arrow known as a makiwaraya or waraya (an arrow for makiwara shooting) is used with a special arrowhead (with a clasp at the tip) is used.
- 知識試験は伝統的工芸品産業振興協会が伝統工芸士としての資質や専門的知識についての出題と採点を行う。
- In the knowledge examination, questions about the qualities of a traditional craftsman and the expertise are asked and examination papers are graded by the Traditional Crafts Industry Promotion Association Foundation.
- 実技試験と面接試験については極めて専門的な技術や個人的な資質を問われるため、産地組合に委託される。
- The practical and interview examinations are commissioned to the union of each production area because highly specialized experience and personal qualities are tested in these examinations.
- 松竹資本のもと、帝国キネマの専務取締役となり、当時新興キネマの常務取締役となった立花の斡旋による。
- This was arranged through the good offices of Tachibana who had become the senior managing director of Teikoku Kinema, received the aid of Shochiku capital and was the managing director of Shinko Kinema at the time.
- 幼少から仏道に志し、出家後は大和国吉野山に住んで日夜念仏に専念し、毎月8日に地蔵講を行ったという。
- It is claimed that Ganshoni was determined to pursue Buddhism from her childhood, and once becoming a nun, she lived in Mt. Yoshino, Yamato Province, where she devoted herself to praying to the Amida Buddha and performed Jizoko (a Buddhist ritual praising the Jizo (Ksitigarbha)) on the eighth day of every month.
- 浄土宗(じょうどしゅう)は、法然上人が開祖である、浄土教専修念仏を宗旨とする日本の仏教宗派の一つ。
- Jodo Shu is one of the denominations of Buddhism in Japan, which was founded by Honen Shonin and the teaching and practice of which is Jodo Kyo Senju-nenbutsu (Exclusive Nenbutsu).
- 豚カツ専門店では「とんかつ」と平仮名表記され、店の雰囲気やメニューも和風であることが一般的である。
- Restaurants specializing in tonkatsu have signs with 'Tonkatsu' (pork cutlet) in Hiragana and their atmosphere and dishes are usually in the Japanese style.
- 専門用語を駆使しながら、情緒的、抽象的で「ウソ、大袈裟、紛らわしい」ものもあり、注意が必要である。
- While using technical terms, some are sentimental and abstract, and 'untrue, dramatic, and misleading,' which we have to be careful of.
- 北宋に入ると、人々の生活必需品となった茶が専売品として追加されて塩と並ぶ重要な財政の基盤となった。
- In the Northern Song Dynasty, tea, now a daily necessity, was added to the list of monopoly goods, and it became as important as salt for the income.
- このような背景の中、先の董其昌の画論では専門の画工によった院体画と対峙して文人画を位置づけている。
- Against such a background, the theory of painting by DONG Qichang mentioned above dealt with literati painting as opposed to Intaiga (a type of Chinese painting associated with the Imperial Court Academy) by professional painters.
- しかしその内容は従来のようなオランダ語ではなく専ら英語であり、蘭学塾から英学塾へと方針を転換した。
- This time, he mainly taught English instead of Dutch, and he had changed the school from the Rangaku school to the Eigaku school.
- 酒造りの舞台は朝廷から寺院へと移り、醸造についての専門知識を備えた僧たちが僧坊酒を造るようになった。
- The main stage of sake brewing shifted from the Imperial Court to temples, and priests who had expert knowledge about brewing began to brew soboshu (sake brewed at major temples).
- 「島之内寄席」が島之内教会を離れて32年、大阪大空襲から61年を経て落語専門定席は名実共に復活した。
- Thirty-two years after the Shimanouchi Yose Theater left the Shimanouchi Church and sixty-one years after the Osaka Air Raid, the rakugo theater was finally restored both in form and content.
- 宮内庁の鴨の猟場として有名な千葉県市川市の新浜にある鴨料理専門店では、すき焼き風の鴨鍋が名物である。
- A restaurant specialized in kamonabe, located in Niihama, Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture, a town well-known as a hunting ground for the Imperial Household Agency, boasts of its sukiyaki-style kamonabe as its specialty.
- このことから、専門の清掃業者を雇って掃除を行っている場合もあり、消耗品などと共に維持に費用が掛かる。
- For this reason, they are cleaned sometimes by hiring people from a professional cleaning company and additional cost is required for maintenance as well as consumables and so on.
- むしろそのような地域の特徴を出したクレープはそれ専門の軽食レストランなどで供されるのが一般的である。
- Rather, crepes characterized with a distinctive regional taste, would generally be served in specialized light snack restaurants.
- 原作は、幸兵衛の筋と盗賊小天狗要二郎の筋に分かれているが、現在は二幕目の幸兵衛の件が専ら上演される。
- The original work consisted of two stories, one about Kobei and another about a Robber Yojiro SHOTENGU, but currently the second act only which is about Kobei is performed.
- 大鼓方(おおつづみ がた、おおかわ がた)は、能楽囃子や歌舞伎鳴物において大鼓を担当する専門の職掌。
- Otsuzumikata refers to a special duty that is to take charge of an otsuzumi (big drum) in Nogaku-hayashi (Japanese orchestra for Noh performance) or kabuki musical accompaniment.
- 歌舞伎舞踊、民謡舞踊の場合は上記の舞台化粧を専門家が化粧する場合が多く、非常に美しい仕上がりになる。
- In the case of Kabuki Buyo or Minyo Buyo, experts often help the performers wear their stage makeup and the final conditions can be very beautiful.
- 1175年 に 善導(中国浄土教)の観無量寿経疏により回心して「専修念仏」に進み、浄土宗を開宗した。
- In 1175, he converted and followed 'Senju Nenbutsu' (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) after studying Kanmuryoju-kyosho (Commentary on the Meditation Sutra) by Zendo (Chinese Jodo Sect) and established the Jodo Sect.
- 当時の画師・画工は必ずしも仏教専門のものではなかったが、東大寺などの造寺司に所属する画師も存在した。
- Eshi and edakumi at that time did not always specialize in Buddhist subjects, and there were eshi who worked for Zojishi (Officials in Charge of Building Temples) such as Todai-ji Temple.
- ところが翌年(1205年)、興福寺の僧徒らが『興福寺奏状』をもって再び専修念仏停止の訴えが起こった。
- A year later (in 1205) however, the priests of the Kofuku-ji Temple once again filed for an injunction against the senju nenbutsu with the 'Kofukuji sojo' (Kofukuji Petition).
- ツヤと粘度があり、各種野菜とナツメヤシなどを用いて甘みと辛味の加減が程良い専用のソースが用いられる。
- They use sauce exclusively for okonomiyaki, having luster and viscosity and taste both sweet and spicy by using various kinds of vegetables and date palms and so on.
- 後鳥羽上皇の専制、三代将軍実朝の暗殺、合戦の原因・経緯などを述べて、土御門上皇の阿波配流までを書く。
- It covers the Retired Emperor Gotoba's autocracy, the assassination of the third Shogun Sanetomo, causes and details of the battle, and the Retired Emperor Tsuchimikado's exile to Awa.
- 小袖の発生に関する研究は、極めて学術的で専門的な学問の研究対象であり、簡単に答えが出せるものではない。
- As the origin of Kosode is a quite academic and technical theme of study, it cannot be easily found out.
- これはおそらく当道座の音楽家たちの本来の専門音楽である「平曲」(平家琵琶の音楽)に対しての名称である。
- This sankyoku must have been the name used in contrast with ¥'heikyoku' (the music of 'heike biwa' (the Japanese lute for playing the Tale of Heike)), in which the musicians of Todo-za (the traditional guild for the blind) originally engaged as a profession.
- ひつまぶしがおひつに入っているのは当初、他の鰻専門店と同じように1人前ずつ陶磁器のお椀に盛られていた。
- Hitsumabushi is served in a rice tub, because, in the beginning, the dish was served in individual ceramic bowls, just like at other eel specialty restaurants.
- この思想が東京綜合写真専門学校の理念として引き継がれ、多くの先鋭的で個性的な写真家を輩出し続けている。
- The idea has been carried on into the philosophy of Tokyo College of Photography, and the college continues to produce many radical and individual photographers.
- 白河上皇は堀河天皇の成人後も政権を返すことなく、受領階級や武家出身の近臣を用いて専制的な政治を行った。
- SHIRAKAWA continued to have exert power even after Emperor Horikawa turned twenty years old and he strengthened his despotic position by appointing aids from the Juryro and Samurai class.
- 立花が専務取締役、阪東は取締役に就任したが、代表取締役社長をはじめとして経営はほとんど松竹に握られた。
- Tachibana became a senior managing director and Bando became a director; however, Shochiku had almost complete control over the management of the company, holding most of the important positions including the president.
- そのため、トレーシングペーパーと呼ばれる半透明の薄い紙を重ねるか、防水加工がされた専用の懐紙を用いる。
- In such a case, people prepare a pile of some pieces of thin paper called tracing paper or use special water-resistant kaishi.
- 初代金森宗和ははじめは可重の嫡子として高山藩にあったが、廃嫡となり宇治・京都に移って茶の湯に専念する。
- Sowa KANAMORI (the first head) was at the beginning in the care of Takayama Domain as a legitimate son of Arishige, but later disinherited the family lineage and moved to Uji in Kyoto in order to dedicate himself to learning the art of tea ceremony.
- 浄土宗の学僧、林彦明(はやしげんみょう)は「専修学報第1号・安土宗論の真相に就て」で、これを指摘した。
- A learned priest of the Jodoshu sect, Genmyo HAYASHI, indicated the same point in 'Senshugakuho No. 1, Azuchi Shuron no Sinso ni tsuite.'
- 現存のものは、真宗高田派専修寺蔵の顕智による写本(永仁元年〈1293年〉10月6日書写)が最古のもの。
- The oldest extant manuscript is the transcription of Kenchi, collection of Senju-ji Temple of the Takada school of the Jodo Shinshu (copied on November 12, 1293).
- しばらくして奈良・長谷寺にて専誉僧正の教えを受け、さらに智積院の玄宥僧正に随って真言宗の奥義を究める。
- After a while he was taught by Senyo Sojo (high-ranking Buddhist priest) at Hase-dera Temple in Nara, and became absorbed in the secrets of the Shingon Sect by Genyu Sojo at Chishakuin Temple.
- 幕府の専制と摂関家による朝廷支配に憤慨していたこれらの公家たちは侍講から天皇へ式部の学説を進講させた。
- Those court nobles who were angry at the tyranny of the bakufu, and Sekkan-ke's control over the Imperial Court made the jiko (teacher) give a lecture on Shikibu's theory to the Emperor.
- 1997年、専売制が廃止された(併せて、日本たばこ産業株式会社の事務は財団法人塩事業センターに移管)。
- In 1997, the monopolization was abolished (at the same time, the work of Japan Tobacco Inc. was transferred to the Salt Industry Center of Japan).
- 後に、高利は後に京都に移り住んで仲買の仕事を専門に扱い、江戸の店を長男三井高平らに任せるようになった。
- Later, Takatoshi moved to Kyoto and lived there to professionally handle brokerage business, and had his eldest son, Takadai MITSUI, and others in charge of the shop in Edo.
- 国家の重大事などに際して専門家である官僚や学者に勘申を行わせて、太政官の陣定や院評定などの参考とした。
- In the event of a matter of national concern, the Imperial court ordered professional bureaucrats and scholars to submit Kanjin and used it as reference materials at Jin no sadame (ancient cabinet council) of Daijokan (Grand Council of State) and/or In no hyojo (consultation under the government by the Retired Emperor).
- それを「天突き」とよばれる専用の器具を用いて、押し出しながら細い糸状(麺状)に切った形態が一般的である。
- Commonly, the agar is then placed in a device called 'tentsuki' which squeezes out and cuts the agar into thin, threadlike shapes (like noodles).
- 現在は専用に作る店が多く、作り方も店によって大きく異なるが、基本的には出汁の出る物と一緒に煮詰めて作る。
- Though most restaurants make their own soup today and the recipes vary greatly from restaurant to restaurant, it is basically made by boiling down with ingredients which release soup stock.
- 鳶職(とびしょく)(曳き屋、遣り方と同じ)とは、一般的に建設業で、高い所での作業を専門とする職人を指す。
- Tobishoku (same as hikiya [a workman who moves a whole building without demolishing] and yarikata [a workman who make a rough design before building]) generally means a workman specializing in working in high places in the construction industry.
- また、日本の禅宗において僧侶が住職の資格を得るために一定期間修行する研修機関の事を、特に専門僧堂と言う。
- Also, the training institutions in which monks must spend a certain amount of time training before they qualify as a chief priests in Japanese Zen Buddhism are known as senmon so-do (lit. specialist so-do halls).
- 1946年、立命館専門学校工学科(立命館大学理工学部の前身)と同校馬術講習所の一部を開墾して造成を開始。
- Construction of the stadium began in 1946 on a cleared site that had been part of the Department of Engineering, Ritsumeikan Vocational School (a predecessor of the College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University) and a horse riding school of the Ritsumeikan Vocational School.
- 専用の盤上には、2頭のウマと騎手のコマが置かれ、騎手が乗馬するのに1点、あとは1点ごとに4マスを進める。
- Two pairs of horse-shaped and jockey-shaped pieces are put on the special board, and one score is required to allow the jockey to ride a horse, then the jockey on horseback can move forward 4 blocks whenever the team scores one point.
- 愛国公党は、天賦人権論に立ち、専制政府を批判して、天皇と臣民一体(君民一体)の政体を作るべきと主張した。
- The Aikokukoto Party supported the Tenpu-jinken-ron (theory of natural human rights), criticized autocratic government and insisted on creating a constitution which unifies the Emperor and his subjects (Kunmin ittai).
- 1947年(昭和22年)には京都市美術専門学校教授に就任し、京都市立芸術大学と改組した後も教鞭を執った。
- In 1947, he became a professor at Kyoto-shiritsu Bijutsu Senmon Gakko (Kyoto City Specialist School of Arts) and continued to teach there even after the school had been reorganized into Kyoto City University of Arts.
- この範頼のこまめな報告ぶりも、頼朝に忠実であるとして評価され、逆に義経の独断専行ぶりを際だたせたという。
- These many reports from Noriyori were appraised as evidence of his loyalty to Yoritomo, but Yoshitsune, on the other hand, was considered to be the opposite of Noriyori.
- また、一部の側近を寵愛して側近に政治を任せたため、かえって将軍権力も側近によって専横される結果となった。
- Moreover, because he favored some of his close advisers and left the politics up to them, this led to the arbitrary management of the shogunate's power by advisers.
- また、明治以前には太上天皇や法皇の退位後の離宮として「後院」と呼ばれる離宮が築かれて専属の役人が置かれた。
- Before the Meiji period, there were Rikyu built as a villa for a retired emperor and cloistered emperor for after their retirement, which were called 'Goin,' and there were exclusive officials to look after these places.
- 「花人」とはそもそも花に専従する有名作家らを指し、主に他者からの呼称に限られるべきであるという意見もある。
- Some people say that they should call themselves 'Kajin' only when people start to call them 'Kajin' because Kajin originally referred to famous artists dedicating themselves in arranging flowers.
- 元は仕上げの工程を行う仕上専門会社であったが、1986年に作画部門を設立し他社の動画の下請けを始めている。
- The company originally specialized in the finishing process but it established a drawing department in 1986 and began to undertake production of animation for other companies.
- 同年7月7日、大阪の千日前に、浅草についで国内2館目、関西初の映画専門劇場「千日前電気館」をオープンした。
- On 7th July of the same year, he opened 'Sennichimae Denkikan Theater' in Sennichimae, Osaka, which was the second theater specialized in film after Asakusa and the first in Kansai region.
- 親鸞の死後も、法然から親鸞へと伝えられた真宗の教え(専修念仏)とは、異なる教義を説く者が後を絶たなかった。
- However, after Shinran's death, many people taught doctrines one after another, which were quite different from the thoughts of the Jodo-shin sect 'Senju Nenbutsu' (believers had to only recite nenbutsu without doing any other exercises) which Honen had taught to Shinran.
- 古くは民家ではコストのかかる炭火はむしろ火鉢専用であり、囲炉裏では大割りした薪が用いられることが多かった。
- In the old days, large wood pieces were often used for the Irori fireplace, whereas charcoal, which requires high cost, was exclusively used for hibachi.
- 揚げ油は天ぷらの香りを決定付ける重要な要素であり、専門店等ではごま油、綿実油等を独自に配合して使っている。
- Since deep frying oil is a crucial factor to determine the flavor of tempura, specialty shops use the mixture of sesame oil and cotton oil according to their own formula.
- 王子女に京極宮家仁親王の他、仁和寺宮守恕入道親王、常子女王(専修寺円猷室)、大舟尊梁(光照院門跡)がいる。
- Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Yakahito, priestly Imperial Prince Ninnajinomiya Shujo, Princess Tsuneko (Senju-ji Enyu wife) and Sonryo OFUNA (大舟尊梁) (head priest of Kosho-in Temple) were his children.
- 京都では女性の専業であり、髪文字屋(「かもじや」と読み、付け毛製作販売業)に買い取った髪の毛を卸していた。
- In Kyoto, ochi-gai was exclusively women's work and they sold the purchased hairs wholesale to wig makers and sellers.
- 歌い方の心得や、音律や拍子などが記されているようであるが、一般人には(おそらくは専門家でも)解読は難しい。
- How to sing, tunes and pitches, and rhythm were written in the books, but it was recondite for ordinary people (perhaps even for professionals).
- なお大田黒重五郎(実業家(水力電気事業)、元東芝専務)は東京外国語学校および東京商業学校での親友であった。
- By the way, Jugoro OTAGURO (a businessman who was involved in business of hydropower and a former executive managing director of Toshiba) was a close friend of Shimei while they studied at Tokyo Gaikokugo Gakko and Tokyo Shogyo Gakko.
- のち還俗し、海北家の再興をめざしたが、豊臣秀吉に画才を認められたことから武門を去り、晩年は画業に専念した。
- Later he returned to secular life with the goal of restoring the Kaiho family; however, being acknowledged by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI for his artistic talent, he left samurai life and dedicated his life to artwork.
- 豊臣秀吉の死後、家康は「秀頼が成人するまで政事を家康に託す」という秀吉の遺言により専横の兆しを見せ始める。
- After Hideyoshi died, Ieyasu began showing signs of tyrannical behaviors, based on Hideyoshi's will that governmental affairs should be entrusted to Ieyasu until Hideyori became an adult.
- そのためには、技術開発を進め、専門家が指導を行って、砂漠化防止活動を長期間持続できるようにする必要がある。
- Therefore, it is necessary to develop the technologies needed for these measures and to guide people by specialists concerned, to make the activities for preventing desertification continue for a long period of time.
- 江戸時代中期には盲人音楽家たちにより芸術音楽化が進み、胡弓独自の流派が立てられ、胡弓専門の音楽がつくられた。
- In the middle of the Edo period, the artistic level of music for Kokyu was raised by blind musicians and a school dedicated for Kokyu was established, composing music specialized for Kokyu.
- 武芸を専一に行う兵法者(ひょうほうしゃ)の道を歩む者たちが現れ、彼らのなかには自流を上覧に供したものもいた。
- There appeared those who followed the path to be hyohosha (tacticians) that devoted themselves exclusively to bugei, some of whom showed the arts of their own schools to the shogun and the like.
- 1832年(天保3年)には、捕鯨の様子を描いた絵物語の付録として鯨料理専門書「鯨肉調味方」が発行されている。
- In 1832, 'Geiniku chomi-kata,' a book specialized in whale meat-based dishes, was published as an attachment to an illustrated story book in which whale-hunting scenes are depicted.
- 足場・鉄骨鳶に比べて専門性が高く、プラント・空調給排水設備・電気設備工事の一部を重量鳶が仕事する場合も多い。
- In comparison to ashibatobi and tekkotsutobi, juryotobi requires a high level of expertise and is often engaged in plant work, air conditioning and plumbing work, and a partial work on electrical equipment.
- 食事をする席が設けられておらず、買った人が持ち帰る、あるいは各家庭へ出前をすることを専門とする形式の寿司屋。
- It is a sushi shop where there are no seats for eating and customers take sushi out, or there is a home-delivery service.
- 特に各県に設置されている教員養成系の教育学部では書写教育・書道教育の研究室が置かれ、専門教育が施されている。
- Especially in the education department for teacher training, set in each prefecture, a laboratory for Shosha and Shodo education is available to give specialized education.
- 設営、司会、進行には専門知識が必要であり、技能者としての技量が発揮されると、よい葬儀が行われることであろう。
- Some expertise is required to set up, preside over, and proceed with a funeral, and so if one's ability as an expert is displayed, a good funeral can be conducted.
- 年末になると、大量のイラストレーションと専用ソフトウェアを同梱した安価なムック (出版)が大量に書店に並ぶ。
- As the end of the year approaches, many inexpensive 'mook' (publications) products, combining varieties of illustrations and dedicated software are displayed in book stores.
- だが、湯船に入るのは専ら療養目的であるので、日本のように”ゆったり浸って疲れを癒す”という概念は存在しない。
- However, bathing is done solely for the purpose of recuperation and unlike in Japan, the notion of 'soaking leisurely and relieving fatigue' doesn't exist.
- しゃぶしゃぶ専用の調理鍋の中央にある柱状の突起は、開発当時そこに炭を入れ鍋を加熱したという技術の名残である。
- The column-like protrusion in the middle of the special shabu-shabu pots is a remnant of a feature originally used in which to place charcoal to heat the pot.
- 家光は将軍専用の鷹場を整備して鳥見を設置したり、江戸城二の丸に鷹を飼う「鷹坊」を設置したことで知られている。
- Iemitsu is known to have made a place for falconry for the exclusive use of Shogun, appointed Torimi (officer for falconry) and built 'Takabo (鷹坊)' to feed falcons at Ninomaru (the outer citadel) of Edo Castle.
- この5党派と大日本協会専属議員を1会派と看做した併せて6つの党派を対外硬六派、略して硬六派と呼んだのである。
- These five parties and a group of councilors who belonged exclusively to the Dai Nihon Kyokai were regarded as the 'Taigai Ko Roppa' (six hard-line foreign policies faction) or the 'Ko Roppa' for short.
- 専順(せんじゅん、1411年(応永18年) - 1476年(文明 (日本)8年))は、室町時代中期の連歌師。
- Senjun (1411-1476) was a renga (linked-verse) poet of the mid-Muromachi period.
- 啓蒙の目的の一つは民衆の無気力・権力への卑屈さを克服することにあるが、それらは専制政府によってもたらされる。
- One of the aims of enlightenment was to overcome people's spiritless and abjection to power, which were delivered by autocratic government.'
- もう一人の孫大久保利春は丸紅専務で、ロッキード事件に際しては賄賂の一人として逮捕・起訴され有罪判決を受けた。
- Another grandson, Toshiharu OKUBO, was a senior managing director of a big trading company, Marubeni, but he was arrested and prosecuted for a bribery case in the Lockheed scandal, and was found guilty.
- しかし、膠着状態におちいったため、戦略上の理由から信長は上月城からの撤退を指示し、三木城の攻略に専念させる。
- However, Nobunaga ordered a strategic retreat from Kozuki-jo Castle, in order to concentrate his forces on the siege of Miki-jo Castle, as the battle there had reached a deadlock.
- お抱えは、一代限りの雇用の者だが、実際は世襲することも多く、軽輩の者が多いなかで、専門職で侍身分の者もいた。
- Okakae (retainer) was hired only in one generation, but in fact was often inherited, and among many of keihai some of them were professional and in the class of samurai.
- 系譜としては奈良時代以前の「家人(けにん)」の流れを引くものであり、主家へ累代一身専属するのが普通であった。
- Shoju were descended from 'Kenin' (houseman) that existed before the Nara period, and usually belonged to the master's house by themselves from generation to generation.
- そこでは酒部(さかべ)と呼ばれる、今でいうなら国家公務員のような地位を与えられた専門職が酒造りを担当していた。
- In that division, specialists who were given a position called sakabe, whose status was equivalent to the status of a present-day government official, were in charge of sake brewing.
- 夜間に凍結した豆腐が日中に溶けてしまわないように、専用の氷室に入れて数日間熟成させ、その後に解凍し乾燥させる。
- In order for tofu that is frozen during the night not to thaw during the day, it's placed in a separate ice room and allowed to mature for a few days, and after thawing it is dried.
- これは卵かけ専用の醤油「おたまはん」を同市の第三セクター「吉田ふるさと村」が開発したことに起因するものである。
- It derives from the fact that 'Yoshida Furusato Mura,' the joint public-private venture of the city, developed 'Otamahan,' the soy sauce dedicated to tamago kake gohan.
- 幕内力士は専用の控え座布団を持つことが認められており、鮮やかな色の下地にはそれぞれの四股名が染め抜かれている。
- Top division wrestlers are permitted to have their own special zabuton and they have their ring names dyed on colorful material.
- しかし、インターネットの出現とそれに伴うインターネット通販の発達で、褌の製造販売を行う専門の業者等が生まれた。
- However, recently, various mail order businesses have developed due to internet services among which are some dealers who are specialized in manufacturing and selling fundoshi loincloth.
- また、三段審査や四段審査に関しては、高等学校剣道専門部や大学連盟で、一般の審査会と独立して行われることがある。
- However, the examinations for Sandan and Yodan are sometimes held by Kendo Clubs in high schools and university federations, independently of general examinations.
- 次第に格式を重んじる書院の茶から、俗世間を超越した遊びの空間、茶のための専用の狭い空間を使うことが多くなった。
- Gradually the place for the tea ceremony had been changed from Shoin to a space for pleasure standing aloof from the world or a small room exclusively for tea ceremony.
- 浮世絵師の多くは版画と肉筆画の双方を制作したが、宮川長春は肉筆画専門の絵師で、生涯、版画には手を染めなかった。
- While many ukiyo-e artists produced both woodblock prints and drawings, Choshun MIYAGAWA concentrated on drawings and did not take up woodblock prints in his entire life.
- 成朝は、なぜか食堂本尊の造像に専念せず、文治元年(1185年)に源頼朝の勝長寿院本尊を造るため鎌倉に下向した。
- However, for some reason, Seicho did not commit himself to the creation of the main statue for the Shoku-do, and headed to Kamakura to create the main statue of worship at the Shochoju-in Temple for MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
- 著書内で、雑行を行う聖道門の行者を盗人に例えたりするなど正行である専修念仏を行うことを強調する文面が多くある。
- In his written works he compares the practitioner of the Gateway of the Holy Path who engages in the Miscellaneous Practices as a thief, and he emphasizes one to engage in the Right Practices of senju-nenbutsu very often in his text.
- だが、平家の専横に不満が高まる中で、以仁王と結んで平家打倒の挙兵を計画し、諸国の源氏に平氏打倒の令旨を伝えた。
- Amid growing complaints about the Taira tyranny, Yorimasa planned to take up arms against the Taira family in conjunction with Prince Mochihito and conveyed the Prince's message to topple the Taira's administration to all the Minamoto clan samurai throughout the whole country.
- 一方ではこの活性炭濾過を専門職とする「炭屋」(すみや)と呼ばれる職人たちを多く抱える越後杜氏の本拠地でもあった。
- On the other hand, it was the center of the Echigo toji, having many workers who specialized in activated charcoal filtration called 'Sumiya' (Professionals of charcoal).
- そういった欠点のない投げ捨て専用の手頃な武器としての手裏剣が、現代に連なる形態で登場したのは室町時代末期である。
- It was in the late Muromachi period that shuriken appeared in the form known today as an affordable weapon specifically for throwing, free of these disadvantages.
- なお、現代でも近代以前の中国文学を専門として研究する場合には、「漢文学」という呼称が用いられるのが一般的である。
- Furthermore, even nowadays, the term 'kanbungaku' is used in general when Chinese literature before the early modern times is studied.
- 1800年頃、各藩で財政対策として専売制が採用されるなか久留米藩の井上伝が掠れ模様の織り方を発見する(加寿利)。
- Around 1800, Den INOUE of the Kurume Domain invented the method to weave cracked patterns (加寿利) while the monopoly system as a fiscal measure in each domain was adopted.
- なお兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科にも同様な博士課程(教育学)があるが、書写教育のみを専門に扱っている。
- Moreover, the Joint Graduate School in the Sciences of School Education in Graduate School of Hyogo University of Teacher Education also has a doctor's course (education), but specializes in Shosha education only.
- 宗圓には道鉄という子があったが、医業に秀でてこれに専念したため、婿の古市宗庵が一切を相伝されたと伝えられている。
- Since Dotetsu, a child of Soen, was excellent at medicine which he devoted himself to, not to tea ceremony, it is believed that all the styles and techniques of the school were handed down to Soan FURUICHI who was a son-in-law of Soen.
- バレエの場合は保護者が化粧する場合が多いため、専門家が化粧する場合より、仕上がりにばらつきが見られる場合が多い。
- In the case of the ballet, since parents or guardians help the performers wear makeup, the final conditions are often more uneven than when experts help them wear makeup.
- 条件が良い所では、これらを水源とする水道水が使われることもあるが、醸造所によって専用の水源を確保することが多い。
- In certain places where conditions are met, tap water is the source, many breweries secure a dedicated source of water supply.
- 桐紋は、唐紙紋様の中でも最も多く、平安時代は皇室の専用であったが、のちに公家や武家にも下賜されて多彩に変化した。
- The paulownia patterns are the largest in number among karakami patterns and were exclusively used by the Imperial Family during the Heian period, but later they were donated as an imperial gift to court nobles and samurai families and changed diversely.
- これ以降、日本でも本格的・体系的な蘭方医学教育が行われ、4年後には蘭方専門の医療機関である長崎養生所創設に至る。
- After this, the full-scale and systematic education of Ranpoigaku was started in Japan, and four years later Nagasaki Yojojo (hospital), a Ranpoigaku-dedicated medical institution, was established.
- 更に翌年には貞時が直接下した裁定には越訴を認めないなどそれまでの得宗体制には見られなかった専制の度合いを強める。
- Moreover, in the following year, he came to exercise dictatorship over the people, not approving a direct appeal (to a senior official without going through the normal formalities) for the lawsuit for which Sadatoki himself had already given a decision, which was not seen in the Tokuso administration.
- 芸能事務所や放送局(当時、一部の名のある落語家は放送局と専属契約を交わしていた)の枠を超えた定席として位置づけた。
- The association identified the Shimanouchi Yose Theater as rakugo-specific theater where storytellers of all affiliations, whether entertainment companies or TV stations (with which famous storytellers had exclusive contracts), could perform.
- 特に富山県は、とろろ昆布の消費量がとても高く、各種とろろ昆布をガラスケースに陳列し、量り売りする専門店も存在する。
- In Toyama Prefecture, the consumption level of tororo konbu is particularly high where a variety of tororo konbu is on display in the glass-front showcase and some specialty shops sell tororo konbu by weight.
- ただし近世では天皇の大形小葵、東宮の小葵中形はお留柄(専用の柄)で、臣下が衵などに用いる小葵とは少し形が異なった。
- However in the modern times, the Emperor's ogata koaoi and the Crown Prince's koaoi chugata was with special pattern and it had a slightly different shape from the koaoi which the subject used for akome (a type of inner shirts).
- 一向宗に傾倒する一般庶民達は、専修念仏の宗教的な思想よりも、阿弥陀如来や念仏の持つ法力を求めていたとも考えられる。
- Ordinary people believing in the Ikko Sect are thought to have wished for the power held by Amida Nyorai and Nenbutsu rather than the religious thinking of Senju Nenbutsu.
- 専修寺本の奥書には、「建長7年乙卯(1255年)8月27日書之」と記されていて、その頃に撰述したものと考えられる。
- Since the colophon of the manuscript which Senju-ji Temple reserves reads that this was written on August 27, 1255, it is believed that Shinran wrote 'Gutoku-sho' around that time.
- 一心に専ら弥陀の名を称えいつでも何処でも時間の短い長いに関係なく常にこれを念頭に置き継続する事が往生への道である。
- The way of Ojo (birth in the Pure Land) is to continue to recite the name of Mida (Amida) intently whenever and wherever, regardless of length of time.
- そのため、写真を専用の印画紙(通常の写真用の印画紙よりも薄い)に焼き付けて糊で年賀状に貼り合わせる方式が使われる。
- There is a technique of printing the picture on dedicated photographic paper (thinner than normal photographic paper) and adhering it to a postcard.
- 活性炭濾過そのものが過去の手法になりつつあり、現在では活性炭の使用量、使用の有無、炭屋なる専門職は減少傾向にある。
- However, filtration with active charcoal itself is now a technique of the past, and recently the amount of active charcoal used, the frequency with which it is used, and the number of charcoal specialists (known as sumiya) have been on the decline.
- 店内飲食のテーブル席を設けた店舗も多くあるが、ほとんどの店舗はテイクアウトができ、持ち帰り専門の店舗も少なくない。
- A lot of stores have an eat-in corner with several tables, but most stores offer takeout takoyaki, and there are many 'takeout only'stores.
- 東京都中央区日本橋にある鳥料理専門店「玉ひで」の五代目当主の妻「山田とく」が1891年に考案したのがはじめである。
- Toku YAMADA, the wife of the fifth family head of the spatchcock restaurant 'Tamahide' in Nihonbashi, Chuo Ward, Tokyo, first invented the dish in 1891.
- それは町屋の奥まりに位置し、茶の湯を楽しみにやってくる客人は玄関とは別に、専用の細い通路を通り茶の座敷へと向かう。
- The house was located deep inside the town, and guest visiting in expectation of chanoyu walked down through an exclusive narrow path differing from a gate to a Japanese style room specifically for tea ceremony.
- 選択本願(四十八願第十八願)に立脚して称名一行の専修を主張し、浄土宗の独立を宣言した、浄土宗の立教開宗の書である。
- The treatise is on the Rikkyo Kaishu (establishment of a new sect) of the Jodo sect and advocates an exclusive practice of chanting the name of the Buddha based on senchaku hongan (Selection of the Original Vow, the eighteenth vow in the forty-eight vows) and declares the independence of the sect.
- もっとも、京都でもラーメン専門店ではなく、中華料理店の場合は、いわゆる「中華そば」を中心にしている店が大半である。
- Nevertheless, even in Kyoto, most Chinese restarants feature the so-called 'Chinese noodle,' besides those stores that specialize in ramen.
- これに対し加藤は「半開」の国家で議院を設立しても「有司専制」(官僚独裁)に陥るだけだとして、最後まで慎重であった。
- Against this, Kato maintained a cautious stance until the end by insisting that the establishment of parliament in a 'hankai' nation would lead to 'Yushi Sensei' (autocratic government dominated by the bureaucracy of domain clique).
- 笞は郡司による専断による処分が認められていたが、杖罪の決定権は国司が有し、必要によってはこれを専決する事が出来た。
- A district manager had the authority to impose the punishment of whipping, but only the provincial governor had the right to decide flogging, in some cases, at his own discretion.
- 六角氏に臣従して庇護を受ければ、他の勢力を牽制することになって侵攻を食い止められ、領国経営に専念することができる。
- Under the protection from the Rokkaku clan as their subordinate, the Azai family was able to concentrate on the management of their territory while preventing invasions from other powers with restraints put on them.
- 更に馬術や鷹狩りなどにも抜群の力量を示して「龍山公鷹百首」という鷹狩りの専門的な解説書を兼ねた歌集も執筆している。
- In addition, he displayed outstanding competence in horsemanship and falconry, writing 'Ryuzankotakahyakushu (龍山公鷹百首),' which was an anthology of waka and a technical guide for falconry.
- 明治6年(1873年)の明治六年政変で江藤新平、板垣退助らとともに下野、再び鹿児島に戻り、私学校で教育に専念する。
- In 1873, he once more returned to Kagoshima with Shimpei ETO and Taisuke ITAGAKI for the Meiji roku-nen no Seihen (Coups of 1873), and concentrated on the education at Shigakko (a school mainly for warriors).
- 日記の中断期間中は幕絵制作に専念していた可能性や、制作のためにいったん江戸で戻っていた可能性などが考えられている。
- During the interruption of the diary, he is considered to have dedicated himself to painting the banner, or temporarily have returned to Edo to work on it.
- 古典的な神楽に、大陸からの渡来芸が加わったものとされ、民衆の中から生まれた踊りに較べて専門的技能を要するものである。
- Mai is said to be classical kagura (shinto music and dance) with the addition of arts introduced from China and requires specialist techniques as compared with the dances (odori) originating from the common people.
- 作成は専門の業者に依頼している場合が多いが、伊勢神宮のように神宮内のお札製作部(奉製所)で作成しているところもある。
- They are often made by special companies, but some shrines including Ise Jingu Shrine make them at their own Ofuda manufacturing department (Hoseijo) within the shrine.
- ステーキ- 洋食の典型的なメニューだが、専門のステーキ店ではしばしば和風のソースや箸を用いるなど和食的な要素もある。
- Steak is a standard item in Yoshoku, and is often served as Japanese food with Japanese style sauce and chopsticks in some steak restaurants.
- 吉本興業と専属契約していなかった漫才師たちは大阪に結集し、仕事の受注やマネージメントをする団之助芸能社を立ち上げた。
- Some manzai-shi, who did not have an exclusivity contract with Yoshimoto Kogyo, gathered in Osaka and established Dannosuke Geino-sha, a company that received orders for and engaged in managing entertainment.
- 現在一般に浮世絵といえば、専ら多色刷りの木版画(錦絵)を想起される場合が多いが、肉筆画(肉筆浮世絵)なども含まれる。
- Generally, when it comes to Ukiyoe today, one is solely reminded of the multicolor woodblock print (Nishikie [colored woodblock print]) in many cases, but original drawings (Nikuhitsu Ukiyoe [single copy paintings created by brush]) and so on are also included.
- やがて1996年、九州大学に保存されていた12粒の種籾から酒米作りを専門とする農家が復刻にとりくみ、1999年成功。
- Then, in 1996, a farmer who specialized in sakamai production tried to revive it from twelve grains of seed rice kept by Kyushu University, and in 1999 his effort succeeded.
- この飲料としての抹茶を茶筅(攪拌するための竹製で専用の道具)で撹拌する際に、茶道の流派によって泡の立てかたが異なる。
- When using a chasen (a bamboo tea whisk) to stir green tea, each school of tea ceremony follows a different way of whisking.
- 専門の演者による公演の他、地域住民が祭礼の奉納行事などとして江戸時代以来の伝統に則った芝居を日本各地で上演している。
- In addition to the plays by the expert performers, local residents all over Japan perform plays in the name of, for example, the festival ritual dedicated to a god, following the tradition from the Edo period.
- しかし、前期末までには埋葬専用容器として独自の形状を持ったものが成立し、その形状は壷形土器から甕形土器へと移行する。
- However earthenware with its original shape, especially as a burial container, came into being by the end of early period and the shape shifted to maiyou earthenware from a jar-shaped vessel.
- 14世紀初頭、北条得宗家の寄合衆を実態とする鎌倉幕府は、専制の頂点を極めつつもその進むべき道が見出せなくなっていた。
- The actual originator of the Kamakura bakufu in the early 14th century was Yoriai-shu which consisted of the Hojo Tokuso family, and although it reached the height of a dictatorship, it finally came to an impasse.
- ただし同文書に記載された内容は当時の状況と矛盾する点が多く、日本史の専門家からは一部の人を除き偽書と判断されている。
- However, as the document includes many descriptions that contradict the situation of those days, most specialists consider it to be unauthentic.
- 原因は秀家の素行に問題があったことのほか、宇喜多家の執政であった長船綱直や中村次郎兵衛らの専横による他の重臣の不満。
- The family troubles were caused by Hideie's problematic behavior, as well as other senior vassals' dissatisfaction with the autocratic administrative officials of the Ukita family, including Tsunanao OSAFUNE and Jirobe NAKAMURA.
- やがて明経道の教官職は中原氏・清原氏による世襲が事実上慣例化し、明経道そのものも専ら訓詁学研究に終始したようである。
- Before long, the position of Myogyodo lecturer became conventionally inherited by the Nakahara and Kiyohara clans and Myogyodo itself became the study of Kunkogaku (annotation and interpretation of classical books) as well.
- 江戸時代の三都にはそれぞれいくつかの芝居町が存在したが、その中核を成したのが芝居小屋と、それに専属する芝居茶屋だった。
- There were a number of theater towns in the three main cities of the Edo Period, Tokyo (then called Edo), Kyoto and Osaka, and the nucleus of these were the shibai-goya (theaters) and their accompanying tea-houses.
- 小茶屋のなかには、接客用の店構えのない出前専門のものもあり、こうした茶屋では出方とよばれる接客業者を専属で抱えていた。
- Some kojaya (small tea rooms) specialized as take-aways and did not have any seating for customers, and these tea rooms used dekata (ushers) to deliver food to customers.
- なお、学問的・専門的にではなく、あくまでも一般的な理解のためという前提で補足すると、日本酒の製法という文脈に限っては、
- The following is the general context of Japanese sake production, not academic or professional terms.
- 「坪内君が『桐一葉』を書いた時は、團十郎が羅馬法王で、桜痴居士が大宰相で、黙阿弥劇が憲法となっている大専制国であった。
- When Mr. Tsubouchi wrote 'Kiri Hitoha,' Kabuki was just like an autocratic large country in which Kabuki Danjuro was the Pope, Ochi-koji was dai saiso (great prime minister), and Mokuamii geki (drama) was a Constitution.
- そして実力的な裏付けの乏しい専制政治的な政策や無謀な討幕計画に対しては院の側近以外の貴族達は冷ややかな対応に終始した。
- Apart from Go-Toba-in's aides, the lords turned a cold shoulder toward Go-Toba-in because he had an arbitrary government (although he was not very talented as a leader), and he attempted incautious plans to defeat the Kamakura government.
- 東寺勧学会学頭・法印・大僧正を歴任する一方、真言教学の研究に専念し、高野山の宥快とともに真言教学の中興の祖と称される。
- While successively serving as the head priest of a Buddhist service Kangakue in Toji Temple, Hoin, the highest ranked monk, and Daisojo, the highest rank in Japanese Buddhism, he was dedicated to the study of the Shingon doctrine so that he has been regarded as the restorer of the Shingon doctrine together with the monk Yukai in Mt. Koya.
- 前漢の経学は一経専門であり、流派を重んじて、師から伝えられる家法を守り、一字一句も変更することがなかった(章句の学)。
- The learning of Keisho in former Han was specially restricted to only one classic, respecting the school, and following the rules and interpretations of the school told by the teacher, word for word (A study on Confucian Classics where the literature is divided into phrases, chapters and sections and their meanings or abstracts are lectured and explained).
- 専門的には、香味の調整に使われる「醸造アルコール」「酸味料」「調味料」「アミノ酸」「糖」などは副原料と呼んで区別する。
- Among specialists, 'distilled alcohol,' 'sour agent,' 'seasoning,' 'amino acid, ' and 'sugars,' which are used for adjusting the flavor are called auxiliary ingredients in order to distinguish them.
- 専門店のたこ焼きは、表面の皮状の部分が薄くやや堅い状態に焼け、内部がもんじゃ焼きのようにとろみのあるものが人気がある。
- Popular takoyaki in takoyaki restaurants have a thin and rather hard surface croute, and its center is typically as creamy as Monjayaki (a type of Japanese pan-fried batter with various ingredients).
- 関西では沢庵付けを三切れ出す事は縁起を担ぐ(三方)ものとされ、関西の丼専門店ではあえて三切れの沢庵付けを出す店もある。
- In the Kansai region, serving three slices of takuan is for good luck (Sanpo or three directions and the number 3 is considered auspicious) whereby some donburi ('rice bowl dish' consisting of fish, meat, vegetables, or other ingredients simmered together and served over rice) restaurants in Kansai serve three slices of takuan on purpose.
- しかし、現在の専門家が考証する場合であっても、平安時代の衣服を復元する試みにおいては、推定により作っている部分が多い。
- However, when costumes in the Heian period are restored, it is mostly done by presumption even though present experts study historical evidences.
- また、劇中音楽(BGM)を担当し、舞台下手脇の専用の区域(黒御簾(くろみす)と呼ばれる)で伴奏音楽や効果音を演奏する。
- The players are in charge of background music, and they play the accompaniment & the sound effects in the area (called 'Kuromisu') specially set up on the left side of the stage.
- 1583年、時の総長の命令で宣教の第一線を離れ、日本におけるイエズス会の活動の記録を残すことに専念するよう命じられる。
- In 1583, his superior ordered him to leave the front line of missionary work in order to concentrate on recording the activities of the Society of Jesus in Japan.
- これに対し、西郷は薩摩は中立して皇居守護に専念すべしとし、7月8日の徳川慶喜の出兵命令を小松清廉と相談のうえで断った。
- Against that, Saigo concentrated on guarding the Imperial Palace as a neutral position, and declined the offer of a military post on July 8, from Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA by advice from Kiyokado KOMATSU.
- 芝居茶屋(しばい ぢゃや)とは、江戸時代の劇場に専属するかたちで観客の食事や飲み物をまかなった、今で言う劇場のお食事処。
- Shibai-jaya were tea rooms located in theaters in the Edo period, which served food and beverages to the customers, or what we would now call theater restaurants.
- なお叔父の小山良師の末子も兄大石良雄に養子入りしたあと、出家して覚運と称して八幡山大西坊に入り、専貞の弟子になっている。
- It should be noted that the youngest son of his uncle Yoshikazu KOYAMA was adopted by his brother Yoshio OISHI and then became a priest named Kakuun at Hachimanyama Onishibo, therefore becoming a disciple of Sentei.
- しかし善鸞は、邪義である「専修賢善」(せんじゅけんぜん)に傾いたともいわれ、正しい念仏者にも異義異端を説き、混乱させた。
- However, Zenran devoted himself to the wrong doctrine called 'Senju kenzen', and he preached the heresy even to the people who had understood Shinran's teachings properly, causing a turmoil.
- 法然が開いた浄土宗では「南無阿弥陀仏」をひたすら称える「専修念仏」を行い、同系宗派の親鸞の浄土真宗にも受け継がれている。
- In the Jodo sect, which was founded by Honen, Senju-nenbutsu (meaning the single-minded recitation of 'Namu Amidabutsu') has been incorporated and taken over by the Jodo Shinshu sect founded by Shinran, from the same lineage.
- 『迦陵頻』と『胡蝶』は童舞専用の曲であり、その他にも『蘭陵王 (雅楽)』や『納曽利』等、童舞のバージョンがある曲が多い。
- 'Karyobin' and 'Kocho' are only for Dobu dance, and in addition many numbers, including 'Ranryo-o (Gagaku)' and 'Nasori' have the Dobu dance version.
- むろん当時の「から紙障子」は公家や高家の貴族の邸宅に限られており、需要そのものが少なく、専門職を必要とはしていなかった。
- Of course, the 'karakami shoji' at that time was used only in the residences of court nobles and noblemen of prestigious families, and the demand itself was too small to require specialists.
- 鎌倉殿専制政治をとる頼朝にとっては重要な役割を担った忠臣である一方、御家人たちからは恨みを買いやすい立場の人物であった。
- Although he was a loyal subject playing an important role to Yoritomo, who had established a tyrannical rule as the Lord of Kamakura, Kagetoki was in the invidious position of gokenin.
- 郡山記の執筆年代と推定される時期には、伴存は50歳代に達そうとしており、しかも郡山記のみに専念していたわけでもなかった。
- At the time of writing Gunzanki, Tomoari was almost 50 years old and was not just working on Gunzanki alone.
- 島田とともに薬屋を志し、開校予定の科学専門学校に応募するが開校は中止となり、大学予備門に入学するがほどなく退学している。
- He set his sights on running a pharmacy with Shimada and applied to a science academy that was soon to be opening, but the opening was suspended so he entered a university preparation school but soon after dropped out.
- 時宗没後の弘安8年(1285年)11月には霜月騒動と呼ばれる武力衝突が起こり、泰盛は敗死し、以後頼綱の専制政治が始まる。
- After the death of Tokimune, an armed conflict referred to as the Shimotsuki Incident occurred in November, 1825 (December, 1825 in new calendar); as a result Yasumori lost and died, and Yoritsuna's despotic government started afterward.
- 1894年東京専門学校(早稲田大学)卒業後、「早稲田文学」記者、1898年読売新聞社会部主任となり母校文学部講師となる。
- After graduating from Tokyo Senmon Gakko (Waseda University) in 1894, he became a writer for 'Waseda Bungaku' (Waseda Literature), then a supervisor at the local news section of the Yomiuri Shimbun Newspaper in 1898, and then a lecturer of the School of Letters, Arts and Sciences at his alma mater.
- しかしそこでは専ら英語が用いられており、自身が学んできたオランダ語が全く通じず看板の文字すら読めないことに衝撃を受ける。
- He was shocked to learn that they did not speak Dutch and he could not even read the letters on signboards there because their main language was English.
- 中世、近世文学研究を専門とし、とくに能楽研究の分野では膨大な史料を分析的に使う手法と卓抜した創見で斯界に一時代を画した。
- He was specialized in studies of medieval Japanese literature and Kinsei Bungaku (Japanese Edo period literature), and rose to the top of his profession by a method that used plenty of historical materials analytically especially in the field of Noh and by exceptional originality.
- 一方では独自性を保つために、在地の農業経営に専念する名主層や百姓らと連携して、国人一揆を結成する国人層も少なくなかった。
- However, not a few kokujin organized the Kokujin-ikki (union) in cooperation with the myoshu (owner of rice fields) stratum immersed in farm management, peasants and others, in an attempt to keep individuality.
- 多くは百姓の次男以下などが奉公したが、江戸など大都市では渡り中間のような屋敷を渡り歩く専門の奉公人を雇うことも多かった。
- Those who served as chugen were the second-oldest sons or younger brothers of peasants, but in big cities such as Edo, many were recruited as professional servants such as watari-chugen who served from residence to residence.
- 文永元年(1264年)、これまで、1次の審理を行っていた引付衆が担当していた越訴などを専門として扱う部署として誕生した。
- It was established in 1264, as a special section that handled direct appeal, and so on, previously handled by Hikitsukeshu (Co-adjustor of the High Court) where the first trials were examined.
- 近年では、東京方面でもうどん専門店が増えた影響からか、一部には「関東風」と「関西風」の2種類のつゆを選べる店舗も出てきた。
- An increasing number of Udon shops in the Tokyo area these days may exert influence on some shops, because they provide two types of soup broth, 'Kanto type' and 'Kansai type.'
- そろばんは会計等広く用いられたのに対し、算木は専ら和算家によって、天元術(中国の代数方程式の理論)などの計算に用いられた。
- While the abacus was used for a wider purpose such as accounting, sangi was used exclusively by wasan mathematicians for calculating with Tengen-jutsu (the theory of algebraic equations developed in China) and so on.
- 特に平曲は鎌倉時代以来、当道座の表芸であったが、江戸時代には次第に沈静化し、代わって地歌、箏曲を専門とする者が一般化した。
- Especially, heikyoku which had been the typical profession in todoza since the Kamakura period became less popular among the blind, but the popularity subsided in the Edo period and instead the blind specialized in jiuta and so music was more common.
- また、応急保存対策調査会とは別に、考古学、美術史、保存科学などの専門家から構成される高松塚古墳総合学術調査会が設置された。
- Separately from the Emergency Conservation Research Committee, Takamatsuzuka Tumulus General Science Research Committee consisting of experts in archaeology, art history, and conservation science was set up.
- 京都市中央卸売市場第二市場(きょうとしちゅうおうおろしうりしじょうだいにしじょう)は、京都市にある食肉専門の中央卸売市場。
- The second central wholesale market of Kyoto City is specialized in meat.
- 1758年(宝暦8年)から生駒山中の雙龍庵という草庵に隠居して研究に専念し、千巻にも及ぶ梵語研究の大著『梵学津梁』を著す。
- From 1758, he stayed at a tea hut called Soryuan on Mt. Ikomayama, concentrated on studying and wrote 1,000 volumes of 'Bongakushinryo', a book of Sanskrit research.
- 幕府・藩が直接経営者となるのではなく、商人・豪農に請け負わせ、その利益を収奪するところに近代以降の専売制度との違いがある。
- It differs from the monopolization in the modern times in that the bakufu and domains did not directly manage it but made merchants and wealthy peasants do it by contracts and robbed the profits of them.
- 頼朝は、義経ともう一人の弟の源範頼に遠征軍の指揮を委ねるようになり、本拠地の鎌倉に腰を据え東国の経営に専念することになる。
- Yoritomo, while he entrusted Yoshitsune and his other brother, MINAMOTO no Noriyori to take control of the expeditionary forces, decided to settle down at his home base in Kamakura to concentrate on the administration of Togoku (the eastern part of Japan).
- この事件が事実がどうかはともかく、平氏一門の専横と源氏への日頃の軽侮に対する長年の不満が爆発は、理由として挙げられている。
- Regardless of whether this particular incident in fact occurred, the despotism of the Taira clan coupled with long years of simmering resentment among the Minamoto clan for the contempt they were forced to endure eventually led to an eruption of anger, which became the motive to raise troops in revolt.
- いきは一般的には粋と表記されることが多いが、上方の美意識である「粋(すい)」と区別するために専門的には「いき」と表記される。
- Iki is generally written with the character '粋,' but in specialist works it is written phonetically as 'いき' (iki) in order to distinguish it from '粋' (sui), which is the aesthetic sense of Kamigata (the Kyoto-Osaka district).
- 組み紐の専門家は伝統工芸士を中心に構成されているが、その人数は年々減少しており、最近は日本各地で後継者不足に悩まされている。
- Experts of braided cords consist primarily of traditional craftsmen, but the number continues to decrease every year; recently, the shortage of successors has become a problem in various regions of Japan.
- 音楽的才能に恵まれ、同門の住蓮とともに六時礼讃に曲節をつけて念仏の信者たちに合唱させ、専修念仏の普及に大きな役割を果たした。
- Blessed with musical talent, he had followers of the nenbutsu chant the Rokuji raisan in a chorus to a tune he had written with his fellow priest Juren, and thus he played a vital role in spreading Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu).
- 専貞(せんてい、万治3年(1660年) - 元禄11年8月22日 (旧暦)(1698年9月25日))は、江戸時代前期の僧侶。
- Sentei (1660 - September 25, 1698) was a priest of the early Edo period.
- 専修念仏の先駆であり、より純粋な天台系の浄土教仏教を伝えており、その後の浄土宗や浄土真宗の先行的形態と内容を持つともいえる。
- It was the pioneering work of Senshu Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) and transmitted the purer Jodo-kyo Buddhism of the Tendai sect, so that it can be said to have the advanced form and content of the later Jodo and Jodo Shinshu sects.
- 1953年創業(当初は「旭食堂」という大衆食堂だった。店名を現在の「第一旭」に変更しラーメン専門店になったのは1956年)。
- Established in 1953 (It was originally a cheap restaurant, 'Asahi restaurant.' In 1956 it started to specialize in ramen, and changed its name to the present 'Daiichi-Asahi').
- しかし、1871年に「外国掛捕亡役」「居留地廻方」が廃止となり、「居留地取締掛」が単独で居留地の警察を専管することとなった。
- But in 1871, the 'Gaikoku keihoboyaku' and the 'Kyoryuchi mawarigata' were disbanded, leaving the 'Kyoryuchi torishimari kakari' with exclusive police jurisdiction over the settlement.
- 民撰議院設立建白書は、まず、政治権力が天皇にも人民にもなく、ただ有司専制(ゆうしせんせい。有司=官僚)にあることを批判する。
- The 'Minsen Giin Setsuritsu Kenpaku Sho' criticized that the political power was not in neither the Emperor nor the people but in Yushi Sensei (despotism by domain-dominated government, Yushi = the bureaucracy).
- 永禄7年(1564年)に長慶が没すると、久秀は長慶の養子・三好義継を傀儡として三好三人衆と共に三好家を専断するようになった。
- When Nagayoshi died in 1564, he and the Miyoshi Sanninshu ruled the Miyoshi family as they pleased, using Yoshitsugu MIYOSHI, Yoshinaga's adopted son as a puppet.
- 一条朝にあって国母として強い発言権をもち、しばしば政治に介入したため、藤原実資の日記『小右記』には「国母専朝」と非難された。
- She had a strong say in the court of Ichijo as Kokumo and often interfered in politics, leading FUJIWARA no Sanesuke to criticize her in his diary 'Ouki,' saying 'the Kokumo rules the court.'
- 平沼の後は陸軍出身の阿部信行と海軍出身の米内光政がそれぞれ短期間政権を担当したが、この間の近衛は新党構想の肉付けに専念した。
- After Hiranuma, Nobuyuki ABE from the Army and Mitsumasa YONAI from the Navy each held office for a short time, and Konoe, during this period, focused on adding details to the framework of his new political party.
- - 町の社会基盤の整備であるが、村普請と違う点は出資者が町人や大店であり、労役は専門職の者が行ったので普く請う形ではなかった。
- Machi fushin refers to the development of the public infrastructure of a town, though, unlike mura fushin, it was supported financially by chonin or odana and was carried out by a staff of specialists, and therefore was not widely (fu) asked (shin) for.
- なお、純然たる落語専門定席ではないが、「なんばグランド花月」、「B1角座」などの演芸場でも落語のプログラムが組み込まれている。
- Rakugo programs are given as part of performances at various engei halls like 'Nanba Grand Kagetsu' and 'B1 Kadoza,' which are not genuine rakugo theaters.
- 澤山宗海は柔道をもとに(空手道やボクシングも参考にした)、当身と当身から投げ技への変化の技法を専門化した武道として編み出した。
- Referring to judo, karate and boxing, Muneumi SAWAYAMA devised his Nippon Kempo as the martial art that specialized in body-striking techniques and shifting techniques from body-striking to throwing.
- その事により掃除や点検をする専門職として主に町鳶から分業したが、現在、銭湯自体が激減し都心部でも数人しかいないといわれている。
- Accordingly, chimney cleaners became independent mainly from machitobi as a specialist who cleans and inspects chimneys; however, it is now said that there are only a few remaining even in the metropolitan area because the number of public bath houses decreased drastically.
- ちなみに、現在 Saccharomyces cerevisiaeに分類されている酵母でも、その分類に異論を唱える専門家もいる。
- For your information, some experts dispute about yeasts that have already been classified under Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- 晩年の口伝書「池坊専応口伝」は代々継承され、池坊華道の基本となるものとして「大巻」の名で呼ばれ、現在でも門弟に授けられている。
- Senno Kuden,' his oral tradition in his later years, has been inherited for generations, and has been called 'Omaki' as the basis of Ikenobo flower arrangement school and even at present, it is granted to pupils.
- 鐘楼(しょうろう・しゅろう)は鐘突堂(かねつきどう)、釣鐘堂(つりがねどう)とも呼ばれ、梵鐘を設置して撞く専用の建造物である。
- Shoro (bell tower) are called Kanetsuki-do (building for ringing a bell), Tsurigane-do (building for hanging a bell), and is a building specially made for housing and ringing the Bonsho.
- 専用の「温泉卵製造機」が市販されているが、保温性のある発泡スチロール容器などを利用して作ることもできる(家庭での作り方参照)。
- Specialized 'Onsen egg cookers' are available however they can be made by using a container that retains heat such as a polystyrene container (see 'How to make onsen eggs at home').
- 海軍では炊事を専門の者が行ったため、カレーライスの作り方を覚えた兵はごく一部だったのに対し、陸軍ではほぼ全員が炊事を経験した。
- In the Navy, kitchen work had been done by appointed personnel, thus limiting the soldiers who learned how to cook curry and rice, whereas at Army nearly all personnel experienced kitchen work.
- このように竹林派は堂射と縁の深い系統ではあるが、的前射法も存在し、また通し矢を禁じた系もあることから通し矢専門の流派ではない。
- Likewise, the Chikurin school is closely related to Dosha, since it has Matomae-shaho (the action to shoot an arrow to the target) and is a sub-sect that forbids long range archery.
- 秋の曝涼(所蔵物の「虫干し」のことで定期的に行われる)の際に専門家を対象とした特別な調査が許される以外に公開されることはない。
- Except for the special examination by experts in the occasion of bakuryo (airing) in autumn (the 'airing' for stored items is regularly done), it is not opened to the public.
- ---江戸は女性の比率が二割といわれ独身の男性が非常に多く、宮使いで制約の多かった下級武士の専門の弁当屋として成り立っていた。
- It is said that female accounted for only 20 percent and unmarried males occupied large part of the population of Edo city; in those circumstances, makanai vendors sold box lunches to lower-ranking samurai, who served as the government officials under many restrictions.
- 酒類は1980年に国家による専売制を廃止したが、その後偽造酒による死亡事件、傷害事件が相次いでおり、復活を検討する動きもある。
- The national monopolization of alcohol was abolished in 1980, but after that there happened incidents that people were killed and injured because of fake alcohol, so the restoration of the policy is being considered by some people.
- 豊臣秀吉は織田信長の命により、別所長治が籠る三木城攻略に専念することとなり(三木合戦)、尼子主従に上月城からの撤退を要請した。
- Following Nobunaga ODA's order, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI concentrated on an attack against Miki-jo Castle where Nagaharu BESSHO was besieged (the Battle of Miki), so Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI requested Katsuhisa AMAGO and his vassals to withdraw from Kozuki-jo Castle.
- 開業試験願を却下され窮地に陥っている吟子に同情した実業家の高島嘉右衛門は、井上頼圀に依頼して内務省衛生局局長、長与専斎を紹介。
- Kaemon TAKASHIMA, an entrepreneur, sympathized with Ginko, who was cornered because of the rejection of GP test application, and introduced Sensai NAGAYO, head of Hygiene Bureau at the Ministry of Home Affairs, to Ginko, through Yorikuni INOUE.
- また、室町時代後期以後に「請酒」と呼ばれる小売専門の酒屋や地方からの名酒の流入もあったが、幕府はこれらに対しても課税を行った。
- There had been dedicated sake retailers called 'ukezake,' and reputed sake produced in rural areas had been sold in Kyoto since the late Muromachi period; and the bakufu also imposed taxes on them.
- 日本においてはハンバーグ専門店などに行かない限り焼き加減は聞かれることは少ないが、欧米諸国では聞かれることが多いと言われている。
- In Japan, it is rare for diners to be asked how well done they would like their hamburger patties, except in hamburger restaurants, but it is heard that in western countries, diners are often asked if they would like their hamburger steaks rare, medium, or well done.
- その象徴的出来事は明治5年(1872年)の学制発布の際、時の政府が「和算を廃止し、洋算を専ら用ふるべし。」と決断したことである。
- A symbolic event of such a decline was when the government at that time issued the proclamation of education in 1872 and declared that 'wasan should be abolished and we should practice only yosan.'
- 1963年、演歌専門のレコード会社・日本クラウンの独立とさまざまな音楽の流入により「流行歌」が消滅し、多数の音楽分野が成立した。
- The independence of Nippon Crown Co., Ltd. as a record company that specializes in enka music in 1963 and arrival of various genre of music helped establish many music genres, leading the 'hit songs' to disappear.
- 一部の大都市では純粋に寿司屋専業としての出店もみられるが、日本食の看板を掲げるほぼ全てのレストランのメニューには寿司が含まれる。
- In some of big cities there are pure sushi restaurants, but the menus of almost all Japanese food restaurants include sushi.
- 真仏が没した後の1258年(正嘉2年)には、真宗高田派の本山である専修寺の3世を継ぎ、覚信尼を助けて大谷廟堂の造営に力を注いだ。
- In 1258, after Shinbutsu died, he succeeded the third Senju-ji Temple, Shinshu Sect Takada school head temple and helped Kakushinni and devoted himself to build Otani-byodo Mausoleum.
- その後、食生活が多様化するに従い、このような内職的な店は廃れ、繁華街を中心にして専業化した店が他の食種とも味を競うようになった。
- Later, as dietary life became diversified, such home business shops became obsolete and shops specializing in okonomiyaki mainly in downtown areas were in competition with shops serving other kinds of food.
- ただし江戸時代には「礼は小笠原、射は日置」といわれ、礼法については小笠原流が、射法については日置流が専門であると認識されていた。
- However, during the Edo Period the phrases; 'Ogasawara etiquette, Heki technique,' reveal, that the Ogasawara school specialized in rules of decorum while the Heki school specialized in shooting style.
- 後に東京外国語学校(やはり渡部が校長だったことがある)でフランス語を専攻し、そして陸軍士官学校 (日本)から陸軍戸山学校に進む。
- Later, he studied French at Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (also because the principal was Watanabe), going from the Military academy (Japan) to Army Toyama School.
- 背景には、執権職を独占する北条氏内部の主導権争いと、北条氏の専横に反感を抱き将軍権力の浮揚を図る御家人たちの不満が要因にあった。
- There were a conflict for the leadership inside the Hojo clan who exclusively possessed shikken no shiki (title of the regent) as the backdrop, and the dissatisfaction of gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) who felt antipathy to the Hojo clan's tyranny, and tried to increase the power of the shogun as one of the factors.
- そして、光広から古筆の鑑定を専業にしてはどうかと勧められ、これをきっかけに話がまとまり、豊臣秀次より古筆の姓を名乗る命を受けた。
- He was advised by Mitsuhiro to devote himself to appraisal of old writings, he made a decision to do so, and he got an order to change his family name to KOHITSU from Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI.
- その一方で自己の専売を確立した市場では座外の商人・職人の営業を禁止して座衆による独占を図り、座に属する小規模業者の維持に努めた。
- In the market where a za obtained an exclusive right to sell their merchandise, at the same time, they attempted to monopolize the market by prohibiting merchants and artisans who did not participated in that za from engaging in trade, and thus they sustained small traders belonging to the za.
- なお、このとき本能寺は織田信長の専用宿舎として僧侶は他に出されていたため、広大な寺域に百人程度の供回りしかおらず無人に近かった。
- Incidentally, Honno-ji Temple at the time was used as an exclusive guesthouse for Nobunaga and thus the monks were temporarily removed; with only about one hundred men on the premises of the vast temple, Honno-ji Temple was nearly deserted.
- 江戸期以前の日本には芸術家としての「画家」という概念が無く、絵画の専門家は絵を描く技能に長けた技能者あるいは職人と見なされていた。
- Japanese people did not use to have the concept of a painter as an artist in and before the Edo period, but they thought of a painting specialist as a technician or a craftsman who had excellent skills of painting.
- 歴史的に古く鳶職の職能の一部だったが、最近は高度に工業化されたコンピューター制御のジャッキアップシステムを駆使する専門業者も多い。
- Although hikiya worker had a long history and was engaged in a part of occupational competence required by tobishoku, many specialists nowadays use the jack up system controlled by highly-industrialized computers.
- 法然の提唱した「専修念仏」とは、浄土往生のための手段のひとつとして考えられていた観相念仏を否定し、称名念仏のみを認めたものである。
- Senju Nenbutsu was proposed by Honen only recognized Shomyo Nenbutsu and negated Kanso Nenbutsu, which was considered as a way of Jodo Ojo (Rebirth in the Pure Land).
- 最近は寺院や葬儀専用ホールなどで行われることが多く、自宅あるいは葬祭場などで遺体を納棺した後、寝台車で式場へ搬送し祭壇に安置する。
- Tsuya are now often conducted in a temple or a funeral hall, so after the body is placed in a coffin at the home or sosaijo (funeral house), the coffin is driven to where the tsuya will be held and placed at the altar.
- 専門職員に対しても通常の博物館のような学芸員ではなく、大学と同様の教授・助教授・講師 (教育)・助手 (教育)の職階を与えていた。
- shokkai (job ranking) system; professor, associate professor, lecturer (education), assistant (education), like the system in a university was applied to the staff members in the museum.
- 周囲からは禅僧として高位の位を望まれたが、画を好む明兆はこれを拒絶して明の李竜眠から画法を学び、初の寺院専属の画家として大成した。
- The monks with whom he associated wished to make him a high ranking Zen monk but his passion was painting, so he refused this in order to study art under LI Longmian of Ming Dynasty China, and went on to find success as the first temple artist.
- 一方、文献学的研究では、法華経が、西暦紀元前後、部派仏教と呼ばれる専従僧侶独占に反発する教団によって編纂されたと推測する説もある。
- On the other hand, in the philology there is a theory that the Hokke-kyo sutra was written by a religious organization that was opposed to the monopoly by full-time priests of Hinayana around the beginning of the A.D. epoch or the end of the B.C. epoch.
- しかし腐敗と発酵との違いは、専ら、微生物が作用した結果が有害(無益)なものかあるいは有用なものかという価値判断に基づくものである。
- However, the difference between rottenness and fermentation is based on the value judgment as to whether or not the result of the action of microorganisms is harmful (fruitless) or useful.
- 奉行や代官には、自己で専決できる事例・刑罰に制限が儲けられており、それを超えるような事件については老中に伺いを立てて判断を仰いだ。
- There were limitations on cases or punishment that bugyo or daikan (local governor) could handle on their own authority, and they asked for the roju's judgment for cases that they were unable to handle.
- 野干坂の伊賀専の男祭(きつねざかのいがとうめのおまつり):野干坂は山城国愛宕郡松が崎村(現京都市左京区)の西から北岩倉に抜ける路。
- The Igatome festival at Kitsunezaka slope: Kitsunezaka was a steep road which runs from the west of Matsugasaki Village, Atago District, Yamashiro Province (the present Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City) to Kitaiwakura.
- 三弦が義爪を使って弾奏していたのを改め、三味線の弾奏に彼らが専門としていた「平曲(平家琵琶)」の撥を援用したのもそのあらわれである。
- It is expressed in the change of plucking method: sanxian was plucked with giso (a pick shaped like a nail), but shamisen was plucked with bachi for 'Heikyoku' (the music played on Heike biwa as accompaniment for the recitation of Heike monogatari) which they specialized in.
- 数学の専門家を輩出しえた社会的背景としては、貨幣経済の興隆の他、国絵図作成、新田開発などのための測量に対する需要があると推測される。
- In terms of the social background for producing specialists in mathematics, there were several contributing factors: the active money economy; the production of territorial maps of provinces; and demand for land surveying for the purpose of new field development and so on.
- 『本朝俚諺』には、「俗間に、左の手の利きたる人をぎっちょといへるは、左義長といふ意、左専(もっぱ)らききたるに準(なら)ふ」とある。
- 'Honchorigen' suggests another etymology in its description that 'the reason lefties are generally called 'giccho' is in the Chinese character '左義長' (Sagicho (ritual bonfire of New Year's decorations)), which also means people who mainly use the left hand.'
- やがて、平安末期に法然の専修念仏が広まるともはや貴族仏教ではなくなり、民衆全体への広がりを見せ、鎌倉新仏教のさきがけとなって行った。
- Eventually, in the late Heian period, with the spread of Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) of Honen, Heian Buddhism ceased to be an aristocratic form of Buddhism and spread to the entire populace, whereupon it heralded the Kamakura New Buddhism (new schools of Japanese Buddhism founded during the Kamakura period).
- 更に平安時代中期以後、仏教関連の専門の工匠も僧籍に入る習慣が生まれ、宮廷あるいは一般を対象とした工匠との区別が図られるようになった。
- Furthermore, after the mid Heian period, it became common practice that artisans specialized in Buddhist subjects were ordained as monks and entered on the register of a Buddhist sect; they were thus distinguished from general artisans or those working for the Imperial court.
- 建永2年(1207年)2月、興福寺の訴えにより、専修念仏の停止と、遵西など4名を死罪、法然・親鸞ら8名が流罪となった(承元の法難)。
- In February, 1207, at the protest of Kofuku-ji Temple, Honen's 'Exclusive Nenbutsu' was suppressed, and 4 people including Junsai were executed, and 8 people including Honen and Shinran were to be banished (this incident is called Jogen no Honan).
- 1980年代後半から1990年代にかけての日本では、持ち帰り(テイクアウト)専門の弁当製造・販売店やコンビニエンスストアが台頭した。
- In Japan, a bento store (vendor) which specialized in takeout bento or convenience stores emerged from the late 1980's to the 1990's.
- 江戸時代中期に最大の隆盛を見せ、髪飾り専門の飾り職人が技術の粋を凝らした平打簪、玉簪、花簪、びらびら簪などさまざまな種類の簪がある。
- Kanzashi was most popular during the middle of the Edo period and ornament artisans using their refined techniques specializing in hair ornaments produced various kinds of kanzashi, such as hirate-kanzashi (kanzashi of flattened metal), tama-kanzashi (kanzashi with balls), hana-kanzashi (flower kanzashi) and birabira-kanzashi (kanzashi with hanging ornaments).
- 後醍醐専制による建武の新政が次第に支持を失っていく中、東下して中先代の乱を鎮圧した後、鎌倉に留まり独自の政権を樹立する構えを見せた。
- While the despotic Kenmu restoration by Emperor Go-Daigo had been losing support, Takauji traveled to the east to suppress the Nakasendai Rebellion, and stayed in Kamakura to try to build his own government.
- その後長安に出て、『阿弥陀経』(10万巻)を書写して有縁の人々に与えたり、浄土の荘厳を絵図にして教化するなど、庶民の教化に専念する。
- Later, he went to Chang'an, copied Amida Sutra (a hundred thousand volumes) by hand and gave it to people who were related to him, and he focused on edifying the common people using pictorial depictions of the solemn Pure Land.
- 更に蓮如とは親友の間柄であった専修寺(真宗高田派)の真慧が自己の末寺を本願寺に引き抜かれた事に抗議して絶縁を通告した(寛正の法難)。
- Furthermore, Shine of Senju-ji Temple (Shin Buddhism Takada denomination), with whom he had formed a close friendship, had warned him of ending their friendship as an act of protest against Hongan-ji taking over one of the temples under Shine (Kansei adversity).
- この裁縫の教育の目的は、裁縫の専門家を育てるためではなく、また、女性が工場で裁縫の仕事ができるような技術を身につけるためでもなかった。
- The purpose of this hand-sewing class was neither to make them professional sewers nor to train them as tailors working in factories.
- 張扇(はり-おうぎ、はり-せん)は能楽や講談、落語(上方落語)においてものをたたいて音を立てるためにつくられた専用の扇子のことをいう。
- Hari-ogi, also called Hari-sen, refers to a special fan that is made for the purpose of making noise by slapping something during Nohgaku theatre, kodan storytelling and rakugo (traditional comic storytelling) (Kamigata rakugo (traditional Japanese comic storytelling as performed in the Kyoto-Osaka region)).
- この語が最初に用いられたのは、日本仏教史研究の先駆者とされる村上専精が明治期に出した『日本仏教史綱』(1898年-1899年)である。
- These terms were first used in 'Nihon Bukkyoshi-ko' (Outline of the History of Japanese Buddhism) published in the Meiji period (1898-1899) by Senjo MURAKAMI who is regarded as the pioneer of the research on the history of Buddhism in Japan.
- 『戦国三好一族』によると「丹波が13年間に亙って三好氏の版図であったのは、専ら彼(松永長頼)の軍略によるところが多い」と解説している。
- 'Sengoku Miyoshi ichizoku' states that 'It was mainly due to his (Nagayori MATSUNAGA) tactical skill that Tanba Province remained the territory of the Miyoshi clan for 13 years.'
- 年賀はがきや印面下部に年賀と朱記したはがきなどのステーショナリーを、郵便ポストに設置された専用投入口に投函した場合は消印は省略される。
- When a piece of stationery such as a New Year postcard or a postcard printed with 'Nenga' in red below a postage stamp is posted into a dedicated mail slot provided in a mailbox, the postmark is omitted.
- 丼飯の上にキャベツを敷き(福井県のものにはキャベツがない)専用のソース又はウスターソースにくぐらせたりかけたりした豚カツをのせたもの。
- Over a bowl of rice, a layer of shredded cabbage is placed, then tonkatsu which is either dipped in or covered with a special sauce or Worcester sauce is placed on top of that (those in Fukui Prefecture eat this without the cabbage).
- たこ焼きのウスターソースとしては家庭ではお好み焼きソースで代用することが多いが、「たこ焼きソース」として専用のソースも発売されている。
- Sauce for okonomiyaki is substituted for Worcester sauce for takoyaki in many families, but sauce exclusively for takoyaki is on sale.
- 本書は、伊予吉田藩にて御殿医を勤めた平住専安(生年不詳 - 享保19年8月7日(1734年9月4日))が、正徳_(日本)年間に著した。
- The book was written in the Shotoku (Japan) era by Senan HIRAZUMI (year of birth unknown, died on September 4, 1734) who served as a family doctor to the lord of the domain of Iyo-Yoshida.
- 摂津国高槻藩では、財政基盤が脆弱で、国産品の専売制も困難であったため、借入、頼母子講、御用金といった起債の形で財政難の対策としていた。
- Since the financial foundations of Takatsuki Domain of Settsu Province were weak (they also had difficulties monopolizing local products), they floated loans by borrowing money and using Tanomoshi-ko (beneficial association) and goyokin (the money the shogunate temporarily charged farmers and merchants) to solve their financial difficulties.
- 暦博士による暦本提出後、陰陽寮は暦作りの専門部署として御暦所と呼ばれる臨時の機関を設置して、献上する暦の製作にあたらせて当日に備えた。
- The Onmyoryo established Onkoyomidokoro, a temporary specialized department to make calendars, where, once the books were submitted, are prepared for the day of calendar distribution by presenting calendars to the Emperor.
- しかし専門の評論家や批評の場もまだ少なく、文学や音楽、映画に比べると大きく見劣りし、評論の手法も確立されているとは言い難い状況が続いた。
- However, the number of professional critics and the opportunities of criticizing were small and it paled compared to literature, music and movie, also it was still hard to say that critical techniques were established.
- また、電子レンジ調理専用の商品も少数存在する(日清食品「日清焼そばU.F.O./どん兵衛 NEXT GENERATION」シリーズ等)。
- Furthermore, there are a few products exclusively for cooking by microwave oven (NISSIN FOOD PRODUCTS 'Nissin Yakisoba U.F.O./Donbe NEXT GENERATION' series and others).
- 活動弁士(かつどうべんし)は、活動写真すなわち無声映画(サイレント映画)を上映中に、その内容を語りで表現して解説する専門の職業的解説者。
- A katsudo benshi is a Japanese professional narrator of an old motion picture, or a silent movie, who gives live narration to the audience.
- 三曲は、当道座に属する盲人音楽家たちが専門とした地歌三味線、箏、胡弓の三種の楽器の総称、またそれらの音楽である地歌、箏曲、胡弓楽の総称。
- Sankyoku is a collective name for three instruments of jiuta shamisen, koto, and kokyu specialized by the blind musicians belonging to Todo-za, as well as a collective name for jiuta, koto music, and kokyu music played with these instruments.
- 藤野専斎昌章(1701年 - 1783年)は宗先の高弟で、宗先の没した後4代に渡って後見を務め、40年に及ぶ宗家継承の難局を乗り切った。
- Masaaki Sensai FUJIMO(1701-1783), a high-ranked disciple of Sosen, overcame the difficulty of the Shino family's succession for forty years, acting as a guardian for four-subsequent-generation heads of the school after the death of Sosen.
- 宮中側は明治天皇が儒教に基づいた東洋的な専制君主として「天皇親政」を行うべきであると主張し、明治天皇への帝王教育もその路線で行ってきた。
- The Imperial Court side insisted that the Emperor Meiji should pursue the direct imperial rule as an oriental autocrat based on Confucianism and had provided the Emperor Meiji with the study to become an emperor accordingly.
- しかし、多くの場合領民への作物の強制的な生産割当や安価な価格による強制買上につながった事から、専売制に反対する一揆も各地で起こっている。
- However, in many cases, it led to compulsory allocation of crops production to the people of the domain and compulsory purchase by low price, so many uprisings against monopolization happened in various places.
- 帰国後、留学中の研究の成果を認められて医学博士号を与えられ、明治25年(1892年)12月には長与専斎の推薦で内務省衛生局長に就任した。
- When he returned to Japan, he was awarded a medical doctorate for the results of his study in Germany, and he was installed as the chief of the Hygienic Bureau of the Ministry of Home Affairs in December, 1892 on the recommendation of Sensai NAGAYO.
- 利家の死去・三成の蟄居により、家康の専横は再び活発になり、一旦白紙にしていた無断婚姻や秀吉の遺命で禁止されていた所領配分なども実施した。
- Ieyasu acted arbitrarily again due to Toshiie's death and because Mitsunari had remained at home, whereupon he promoted unauthorized marriages that had once been called off and conducted the distribution of territory in which Hideyoshi had interdicted.
- 平家が専横を極める中、それまで正四位下を極位としていた清和源氏としては突出した従三位に叙せられたことから源三位(げんざんみ)と称された。
- Amid the political domination by the Taira family, he was granted Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank), the highest ever granted to anybody in the Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan), with the highest rank before him being Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade); thus, he was called Gen-zanmi.
- また生薬にも精通し、その知識は専門家が舌を巻くほどのもので一説には自分で調合していたとも、孫の家光の大病を治したとも言われるほどである。
- He was familiar with natural drugs and had such profound knowledge that astonished even drug specialists, and according to a theory, it is also said that he mixed drug materials by himself and that he cured a disease of Iemitsu, his grandson.
- しかし、義満・頼之による守護抑制政策は、次第に反頼之派を増やすこととなり、頼之の専断は義詮政権における斯波高経の権勢の再来のようになる。
- However, the policy of controlling shugo's authority implemented by Yoshimitsu and Yoriyuki gradually led to the increase of anti-Yoriyuki groups and the arbitrary behavior of Yoriyuki became similar to that of Takatsune SHIBA during the age of shogun Yoshiakira.
- この対立は文安1年(1444年)、文安の麹騒動という武力衝突にまで発展し、その結果、京都における麹屋という専門職は滅亡し、麹座も解散した。
- This conflict developed into the military conflict called the koji riot in the Bunan era in 1444, and as a result, the profession of supplying malt in Kyoto was extinguished and the koji-za (rice malt guild) was dismissed.
- 日本写真批評家協会会員、東京綜合写真専門学校校長、多摩美術大学客員教授、武蔵野美術大学客員教授、日本映像学会常任理事を経て、1992年没。
- He served as a member of Japan Photo Critics Association, the principal of Tokyo College of Photography, a guest professor at Tama Art University, a guest professor at Musashino Art University and an executive director of Japan Society of Image Arts and Sciences, and died in 1992.
- そのため、多彩な髪型を熟知し顧客の容姿や好みに合わせて結い上げる専門職が必要になり男性の「廻り髪結い」が遊郭を出入りして遊女の髪を結った。
- For this reason, specialists who knew fully well various hairstyles and had skill to fix hairdo to suit a customer's appearance or preference were required, therefore, male 'Mawarikamiyui' visited yukaku and fixed yujo's hairdo.
- 「三畳敷は、紹鴎の代までは、道具無しの侘び数寄を専らとする」という記載もあり草庵茶室の成立を考える上でなくてはならない資料を提供している。
- The description, 'the sanjo-jiki (a tea room with three tatami mats) rooms had been dedicated to the wabi-suki style without using utensils up to Joo's time,' is an essential reference material in studying the development of Soan (thatched hut) tea houses.
- 低額菓子を専門的に扱う駄菓子屋のほか、近年はコンビニエンスストアや大型ショッピングセンター、スーパーマーケットなどで見られるようになった。
- Dagashi are seen not only dagashiya that carry low priced candy, but also in convenience stores, large shopping malls and supermarkets these days.
- 並以下の状態のものは骨董市などで安価で入手できるが、状態の良いもの・質の高いものは専門の呉服店等で扱われ数十万円から数百万円と高価である。
- Ordinary or poor quality kimono are available in places like antique markets at lower prices, but good conditioned or higher quality kimono are sold in shops specializing in kimono at the prices of several hundred thousand to several million yen.
- 会社側は金を払って諸問題の経決や経営診断などを専属でやってもらいたいと文明に申し出たが、営利の為の易は禁ずるという家訓により断ったという。
- It is said that the company offered Fumiaki an exclusive contract for the service of solving problems and determining business conditions but he declined the offer because of his family's kakun (family percept) that divination is not allowed for the pursuit of profit.
- 歌川芳藤は子供のための玩具絵と呼ばれる、今で言う紙でできた付録のようなものを浮世絵で手がけ、その工夫がうけて玩具絵専用絵師として活躍した。
- Yoshifuji UTAGAWA applied Ukiyoe on Omochae, which is now called paper appendices, and, due to the popularity of the idea, played an active role as an Eshi painter specializing in Omochae.
- 釈迦は弟子に死後の遺骸の処置を問われた際に、僧侶は遺骸の供養など考えず涅槃に専念すべきだ、供養は在家の信者がしてくれる、と答えたとされる。
- It has been told that when Buddha's disciples asked how to handle remains, Buddha answered that priests should concentrate intently on finding nirvana without worrying about memorial services after their death as the laity would hold memorial services for them.
- 対馬藩の申し出により宝永7年(1710年)9月27日、幕府は銀座 (歴史)に対し人参取引専用に慶長銀と同品位の丁銀を鋳造することを命じた。
- Responding to the request from the Tsushima Domain, the Shogunate ordered Ginza (an organization in charge of casting and appraising of silver coins during the Edo period) to mint silver coins which had the same grade as that of Keichogin, exclusively for the ginseng trade, in 1710.
- 人参代往古丁銀(にんじんだいおうこちょうぎん)とは宝永7年(1710年)から、高麗人参貿易取引専用に鋳造された丁銀の一種で秤量銀貨である。
- Ninjindai Oko Chogin refers to silver coins minted from 1710 for exclusive use for trade of Korean ginseng, and it was a silver-by-weight standard.
- 20代半ばから絵画ですでに名を挙げていた崋山は、藩政の中枢にはできるだけ近よらずに画業に専念したかったようだが、その希望はかなわなかった。
- Already a renowned painter since his mid-twenties, Kazan seemed to dedicate himself to painting away from the important positions of the domain administration, but his wish wasn't honored.
- 常治は、室町幕府8代将軍足利義政や、朝倉孝景 (7代当主)などの協力を得て越前等の領国経営を押し進めたため、義敏は幕府にその専横を訴えた。
- As Jochi was running his territories such as Echizen and other provinces aggressively with support from Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, the eighth shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and Takakage ASAKURA (the seventh head of the ASAKURA clan), Yoshitoshi made a complaint to the bakufu about Jochi's tyrannical behavior.
- 1972年に経営から引退し、浮世絵に専念していたが、長年進学の希望を抱き続け、93歳になった1996年、大阪府立桃谷高等学校定時制に入学。
- Although the sixth Toyokuni dedicated himself to the Ukiyo-e painting after retiring from the business in 1972, he never forgot his dream to receive a higher education, which encouraged him to enter the evening Momotani High School in Osaka Prefecture in 1996 at the age of 93.
- 奈良仏教との反撃と真言密教の興隆という二重の障壁の中で天台宗の確立に立ち向かう師最澄に忠実に仕え、学問と修行に専念して師から深く愛される。
- Through his loyalty and devotion to study and training, Ennin earned the deep affection of Saicho, who was trying to establish the Tendai Sect in the face of a resurgence of Nara Buddhism and the prosperity of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism.
- また流派ごとに専門学校や訓練所を創設したり、石川県菊姫合資会社による酒マイスター制度のように、蔵単位で後継者の育成に励んでいるところもある。
- In addition, some schools have founded their own technical schools or training facilities, and great efforts have been made at a brewery level in order to develop successors; for example the sake Meister system at Kikuhine Goshi Ltd. in Ishikawa Prefecture.
- また江戸時代において、箏は当道制度、つまり盲人音楽家の専売特許であったため、一般人がプロの職業として箏の演奏家になることは認められなかった。
- During the Edo period, ordinary people were not allowed to become professional Soh musician because this profession was exclusive for blind persons under Todo system.
- 一方、勧進相撲として発達した大相撲は、その歴史的背景から各地の寺社の境内で不定期に興行されるのが常態で、長らくの専用の競技場を持たなかった。
- As the grand sumo tournament has a historical background of having been developed from kanjin zumo (fund-raising sumo held in aid of a temple or a shrine), it used to be performed irregularly in the precincts of temples and shrines, and lacked its own stadium for a long period.
- 日本人形のなかでも、節句人形は伝統的にその手や足、頭(顔)、髪結い、衣裳の仕立てなどそれぞれを専門に製作を受け持つ人形工芸師が分業している。
- Even among Japanese dolls, traditionally the hands and feet, faces, hairdos and costumes of the dolls for the Girls Day and Boy's Day Festivals are each made by a craftsman who specialize in that part of the doll.
- また、板垣、後藤、江藤、副島らは、に民選議院設立建白書を政府に提出して有司専制を批判し、議会開設を主な要求とする自由民権運動の嚆矢となった。
- Itagaki, Goto, Eto, Soejima and their sympathizers presented an opinion paper on establishing democratically elected parliament that criticized Yushi Sensei (despotism by domain-dominated government) to the government starting the Movement for Liberty and People's Right of which the establishment of the National Diet was the main demand.
- 専門業とはせずに何らかの芸事に打ち込む様を、特に「すき」と称しているのであり、現代の俗語としては「あんたもすきね」「ものずき」などに通じる。
- Suki' refers especially to the way someone devotes to a certain accomplishment while not making it as his of her profession, and has lead to such present day colloquial expressions such as 'You're a suki, too' (You really like that thing) and 'Monozuki' (whimsical person).
- 以後、大隈(4月17日会計官副知事専任、7月6日大蔵省発足により大蔵大輔に移行)を主導として通貨改革に関する様々な布告が出されることとなる。
- Afterwards, various declarations concerning the currency reform were put out with OKUMA (on April 17 he became a full-time finance office vice prefectural governor, and on July 6, he transferred to Okura no taifu [a senior assistant minister of the Ministry of Treasury] due to the establishment of Ministry of finance) as the main leader.
- 構成は2項17条で、第1項で鎌倉幕府の得宗家専制以前の北条義時・北条泰時の施政を理想とし、足利幕府(室町幕府)が正統な後継者である事を示す。
- It is composed of 2 sections and 17 articles, the first section of which held as ideal the administration of Yoshitoki HOJO and Yasutoki HOJO before the tokuso autocracy period of the Kamakura bakufu, and showed how the Ashikaga Shogunate(the Muromachi bakufu) was their legitimate successor.
- 元久元年(1204年)比叡山の僧徒は専修念仏の停止を迫って蜂起したので、法然は「七箇条制誡」を草して門弟190名の署名を添え延暦寺に送った。
- In 1204, the monks at Mt. Hiei-zan mobilized to urge an end to senju-nenbutsu, and Honen responded by writing 'Shichikajo Seikai' (The Seven Articles of Religious Commandments) and sending it to Enryaku-ji Temple with signatures of 190 disciples.
- 明治32年(1899年)に伝研が国に移管されると、北里は伝研の所長を辞任し、福澤と長与専斎と森村市左衛門とが創設した土筆ヶ岡養生園に移った。
- When the control of Denken was transferred to the state in 1899, KITAZATO resigned as head and started working at Tsukushigaoka yojoen, which was established by Yukichi, Sensai NAGAYO, and Ichizaemon MORIMURA.
- 彼らの統制の必要からこの権限委譲と並行して、国家から軍事警察権を委譲された軍事貴族層や武芸専門の下級官人層もまた、武士として成長していった。
- In order to govern the farmers, the government transmitted military and police power to military aristocracy and military art-specialized lower-ranking government officials, who developed into warriors (Bushi).
- また、江戸時代以前には起源がなく、専ら近現代的な行事として始まったものや、他地域の伝統的な夏祭りを模倣した(またその影響下にある)ものも多い。
- Besides, there are many natsumatsuri that had not existed before the Edo Period but began solely as modern festivals or otherwise started as an imitation of some traditional festivals in other regions (or under their influence).
- いわゆるオーダーメイドであるが、ファッション業界内では通常、「サンディカ」と呼ばれるパリの高級服専門の組合に所属している店の商品のことをいう。
- This is the so-called made-to-order, and in the fashion industry, it generally refers to the items of stores called the 'La Chambre Syndicate de la Couture Parisienne,' which belong to the associations in Paris that specialize in classy clothes.
- 御料車は専属の運転手が運転するが、天皇や他の皇族の多くが車好きとして知られ、皇居内などでは日本車を中心に自らステアリングを握って運転している。
- Goryosha is driven by an exclusive chauffeur, but it is known that most Emperor and other Imperial families like cars and they drive a car (mostly Japanese car) by themselves in the premises of the Imperial Palace.
- その後吉本が寄席で漫才主体の番組構成をとったことや、桂春団治など落語家の専属契約を推し進め、自社の経営する寄席である「花月」のみの出演とした。
- After that, Yoshimoto placed a priority on manzai for performances in yose, and promoted an exclusive contract with Harudanji KATSURA and other rakugo storytellers, having them perform only in 'Kagetsu', a yose that Yoshimoto operated.
- 1937年(昭和12年)1月8日に千鳥興業の宗田専務が製作費をもって現れたが、製作過剰による千鳥からの資金ショートはなかなか緩和されなかった。
- Muneta, a senior managing director of Chidori Kogyo, came to the company on January 8, 1937 to pay production expenses, but the company's cash position didn't improve so much due to excessive production.
- 故人が本山より「法名 (浄土真宗)院号」を授与されていた場合は、その時に授与される「院号法名」が記された紙を、真宗専門の仏具店などで表装する。
- If the head temple of Jodo Shinshu school has already conferred homyo (posthumous name) and ingo (posthumous title) on the deceased, you must receive from the temple the paper on which these homyo and ingo have been written, and make the paper mounted on a hanging scroll at any store of Buddhist altar fittings specializing in Shinshu school.
- 更に承和の変によって上皇の遺児・恒貞親王が皇太子を廃されて淳和院に押し込められると、以後正子内親王・恒貞親王はここで静かに仏道修行に専念した。
- After the Retired Emperor's bereaved child, Imperial Prince Tsunesada was deposed from princess due to the Jowa Incident and confined to Junna-in Palace, Imperial Princess Masako and Imperial Prince Tsunesada were quietly devoted to Buddhism training here.
- 嘉禄3年(1227年)、再び専修念仏の停止が命ぜられて、浄土門では大きな被害を蒙り、以後、法然教団の分派が加速することとなった(嘉禄の法難)。
- In 1227, Senju-nenbutsu was forbidden again, and Jodo Shu was damaged heavily and moved toward separation (Karoku persecution).
- 都市部の局など処理量が多く局舎内で作業が出来ない場合、年賀状の区分専門の仮設プレハブ局舎や会議室などを利用して12月下旬の区分作業だけを行う。
- If the amount of mail is too great to handle within the post office, such as in urban areas, a temporary prefabricated office or a meeting room will be used only for the division work in late December.
- しかし『香山宝巻』『宝巻変文類』は世間的には有名ではなかったが専門家の世界ではもとから知られたものであり、超古代史文書に入れるのは異論もある。
- Although 'Kozan Hokan' and 'Hokan Henbunrui' were not known to the general public, but were known to specialists and some oppose considering them as chokodaishi bunsho (super-ancient history documents).
- なお、現代中国語において「專賣」という言葉は、専売制の他に、特定の商品に絞った専門販売、専門店という意味でも使われているので注意が必要である。
- Also, in modern Chinese, the word 'monopoly' means sales and shops specialized in specific goods as well as monopolization, so one must be careful to use the word.
- しかし、明治の初めの西洋数学導入は、技術を支える道具の輸入という面が強く、初期の「洋算家」には技術者など数学の専門家とは言えないものも多かった。
- However, the introduction of western mathematics at the beginning of the Meiji period emphasized the importation of technical tools from the west, and as such, the early 'yosan mathematicians' were technicians, rather than experts of mathematics.
- ルネサンス期のイタリアではフェンシングの技術として、利き手でレイピア、逆の手でマインゴーシュを扱う技術があったが、防御専門であり用途は盾に近い。
- During the Renaissance in Italy, one of the fencing techniques was to use a rapier in a dominant hand and a main-gauche in the other hand, but the main-gauche was used only for defense, being handled like a shield.
- 大通りをザンバラ髪で歩いていればすぐに理由を悟られたため遊郭の中には浮気男専門の髪結いがいて、豆本多という小ぶりな髷に結いなおしてくれたという。
- When a man with his hair hanging loose and disheveled walked on the street, people might see what had happened to him, so each licensed quarter had a hairdresser particularly for playboys to rearrange their hair in a small topknot called Mamehonda.
- これが原型となって、初めて専門的な寄席が開かれたのは、1798年に東京・下谷にある下谷神社の境内で初代・三笑亭可楽によって開かれたものであった。
- Following to this original form, the first exclusive yose was held in 1798 by Karaku SANSHOTEI 1st in the premises of the Shitaya-jinja Shrine in Shitaya, Tokyo.
- また茶道の拡大に伴って需要が増えると備前焼や信楽焼で倣製品が作られるようになり、江戸時代には野々村仁清が室礼専用の色絵金彩の茶壺を制作している。
- Also, those copies were produced with Bizen yaki (Bizen ware) and Shigaraki-yaki (Shigaraki ware) as demands increased along with the expansion of tea ceremony, and in the Edo period, Ninsei NONOMURA created a chatsubo colored with various hues and gold specifically for the shitsurai (putting decorations suitable for a season or ritual onto an appropriate indoor places).
- 敷地はかつての旧制専門学校京都高等工芸学校(京都工芸繊維大学の前身校の一つ)の校地で、同校が松ヶ崎の現校地に移転したのち京都帝大の校地となった。
- The site of Seibu-Kodo Hall is the school land of the old-education-system vocational school Kyoto Craft High School (one of the former Kyoto Institutes of Technology), and after the high school was relocated to the present school land in Matsugasaki, it became the property of Kyoto Imperial University.
- 大分県中津市は鶏肉唐揚げを好む人が非常に多く、市内や近郊の宇佐市、福岡県豊前市・築上郡には非常に多くの唐揚げ専門店が存在し、その味を競っている。
- There are so many people who love fried chicken in Nakatsu City, Oita Prefecture, and so many karaage restaurants located inside the city, that neighboring Usa City and Buzen City/Chikujo-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture have begun competing with each other over the taste of their fried chicken.
- 時代が下るにつれてシテ方と交替し、あるいは過渡期的に「地謡方」という専門の役職ができたりして変遷をたどりながら現在のかたちに落ちついたとされる。
- As time went by, the part, sometimes, switched alternatively to the pro protagonists, or might be performed by some specialist called the 'pro Noh chorus' during some transitional period and now, it has assumed the present form.
- 上方演出による『鏡山』・『仮名手本忠臣蔵』などの上演も行われ、1998(平成9)年には戎橋戎橋付近のランドマークが演劇専門の劇場として落成した。
- Plays such as 'Kagamiyama' and 'Kanadehon Chushingura' are performed after Kamigata-style staging, and in 1998 the Landmark near Ebisubashi was completed as a theater dedicated to theatrical arts.
- 承元の法難(じょうげんのほうなん)とは、法然が率いる専修念仏の衆徒が弾圧され、法然以下、親鸞ら中心的な僧徒が各地に流罪となった事件のことである。
- Jogen no Honan was an incident where monks following Senju-Nenbutsu (intently praying to Buddha) led by Honen were suppressed and Honen, Shinran and other monks with central roles were exiled throughout the country.
- また、古筆家、古筆見、あるいは単に古筆と呼ばれた古筆鑑定の専門家(古筆了佐など)は、鑑定の標準とすべき代表的な古筆切を法帖に押した手鑑を携行した。
- Experts on appraising ancient writing (such as Ryosa KOHITSU) called kohitsuka, kohitsumi, and simply kohitsu carried tekagami which contain representative kohitsugire stuck on hojo (copybook printed from the works of old masters of calligraphy) to be used as standards for appraisals.
- 本来、寺院の僧侶は三面僧房で共同生活を送ることが原則とされていたが、僧侶の中には修行に専念するために独自の僧房を設置して独立空間を構える者もいた。
- Originally, it was generally the case that temple monks lived communally in sanmen sobo (monks' dormitories constructed to the north, east and west of the lecture hall) but there were individuals who built their own sobo (living quarters) in order to fully immerse themselves in ascetic practice.
- 以来、永らく麹造りは、酒造りの工程に占める重要性と、味噌や醤油など他の食品への供給需要から、酒屋業とは別個の専門職として室町時代まで営まれてきた。
- For a long time since, until the Muromachi period, koji production was operated by specialists who were independent from sake traders because of its importance for the process of sake brewing and the supply and demand for other foodstuffs such as miso and soy sauce.
- しかし、このほかにも「秀吉の自己顕示欲が1日で満足した」とする見方や、「単なる専制君主特有の気まぐれである」とする見方もあり、真相は定かではない。
- However, besides this, there is a view that: Hideyoshi had satisfied his craving for the limelight in one day and, other views that: the event was a typical whim of an autocrat. Either way the truth is not clear.
- また『於母影』の原稿料50円をもとに、竹二など同人たちと日本最初の評論中心の専門誌『しがらみ草紙』を創刊した(日清戦争の勃発により59号で廃刊)。
- He also began to issue 'Shigarami Soshi' (Constraint Brochure), the first journal in Japan focusing on comment and criticism, along with coteries including Takeji, with funds of 50 yen he had earned from his manuscript of 'Omokage' (Vestiges) (The publication was continued until vol. 59, when the Sino-Japanese War broke out).
- 中江兆民は遺著「一年有半」の中で井上と白根専一を「真面目で横着ではなく、ずうずうしいところのない」と評して敵対者ながらその人物を高く評価している。
- Chomin NAKAE highly appreciated the personalities of Inoue and Senichi SHIRANE in Nakae's posthumous book 'Ichinen yuhan' (A Year and a Half) as follows, 'They are serious, and they are not lazy or impudent', although Nakane was their opponent.
- 現在、歌舞伎の竹本を専門に業とする太夫には豊竹姓がおらず、今後も竹本姓だけを用いることがとりきめられているために、このような名称を定めるにいたった。
- The reason why the name Takemoto was given to Kabuki Gidayu is because there is no Tayu specialized in Kabuki Takemoto who currently use the TOYOTAKE surname, and Takemoto Tayu are required to use only the TAKEMOTO surname in the future.
- 2世池坊専好に師事して華道を修め、1648年(慶安元年)から1653年(承応2年)にかけて江戸に下向し、紀州徳川家をはじめとする大名屋敷で活躍した。
- He learned Kado, flower arrangement, under the second Senko IKENOBO, went down to Edo from 1648 to 1653, and worked actively at a daimyo yashiki (mansion of a feudal lord), including the Kishu Tokugawa family.
- 裏面がこんがりと焼けてきたら、専用の大型のコテ(ヘラ)2本でひっくり返し反対側の面を焼く(ひっくり返す際、破れたり飛び散ったりしないよう注意する)。
- Grill one side until golden brown, turn it over using two large spatulas for the okonomiyaki and bake the other side (when turning it over, be careful not to break or scatter the dough).
- 更に、ごく最近ではシール状になっているものも多く、これらはゲームセンター等に設置されている専用の作成機で、名前等を入力した上で作成することが出来る。
- Recently sticker types are often used and this is made with special vending machines where one can input his name and make a card.
- すなわち、黒田・伊藤らの主張は「オットー・フォン・ビスマルク流の専制を我邦に施さんとする」ものであり、国務大臣は議会に対して責任を負うものではない。
- Kuroda and Ito claimed that 'Otto von Bismarck-style autocracy should be applied to our nation' and that the Minister of State should not be responsible for the Diet.
- そして享禄2年(1529年)には、かつて毛利幸松丸の外戚として専権を振るい、尼子氏に通じて相合元綱を擁立しようと画策した高橋興光ら高橋氏一族を討伐。
- In 1529, he eliminated the Takahashi family, including Okimitsu TAKAHASHI who had dominated the Mori family as Komatsumaru MORI's maternal relative and who had schemed to empower Mototsuna AIO, conspiring with the Amago clan.
- そして鎌倉公方足利持氏が、正長から永享に改元したにも拘らず正長の年号を使い続け、また鎌倉五山の住職を勝手に決定するなどの専横を口実とし討伐を試みる。
- He then attempted to subjugate Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, the Kamakura Kubo, using the excuses that Ashikaga kept using the era name Shocho even after it had been changed from Shocho to Eikyo, and that Ashikaga appointed at his discretion the head priests for the Five Official Temples of Kamakura.
- 江村 専斎(えむら せんさい、永禄8年(1565年) - 寛文4年9月26日 (旧暦)(1664年11月13日))は、安土桃山時代・江戸時代の儒医。
- Sensai EMURA (1565 - November 13, 1664) was a Confucian doctor in the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods.
- 1877年(明治10年)2月13日、京都市堺町通丸太町通(のちに上京区の同所)に、目の前にある京都御所専門の彫刻師・原沢彦右衛門の子として生まれる。
- Kataoka was born on February 13, 1877 to Hikoemon HARASAWA, the master sculptor for Kyoto Imperial Palace, at Harasawa's house on the corner of Sakaimachi-dori and Marutamachi-dori streets, right across from the Imperial Palace.
- 乾物を専門に売る店を「乾物屋」というが、現在では数が少なく、代わりにスーパーマーケット、百貨店や、インターネットショッピングなどで広く販売されている。
- Stores that specialize in desiccated foods are known as 'dried food stores' however, such stores have become scarce in recent times and in their stead, supermarkets, department stores and internet shopping retail have spread.
- 承安 (日本)5年(1175年)43歳の時、善導大師の観無量寿経疏(観経疏)によって専修念仏に進み、比叡山を下りて東山吉水に住み、念仏の教えを弘めた。
- In 1175, when he was 43, Honen realized the truth of Senju-nenbutsu by Kanmuryojukyosho (Kangyosho, Commentary on the Meditation Sutra), written by Zendo Daishi, so he left Mt. Hiei for Higashiyama Yoshimizu and began to spread the teaching of the nenbutsu.
- しかし、元来店ごとに様々な個性を持つ食べ物であり、古くからあるお好み焼き店の中にはヘラで強く押えつけたり、専用のおもり(鉄製)で圧縮して焼く店もある。
- However, originally the okonomiyaki has various characters depending on the shops and some shops press it strongly with a spatula or with a weight (iron) for exclusive use from long ago.
- 平安時代には蹴鞠は宮廷競技として貴族の間で広く親しまれるようになり、貴族達は自身の屋敷に鞠場と呼ばれる専用の練習場を設け、日々練習に明け暮れたという。
- During Heian period, as an athletic sport at Court, kemari was popular among noblemen, therefore nobleman built a private practice ground called 'mari-ba' (ball ground) on their own residences, and they spent the whole day practicing, every day.
- その後、日露戦争の戦費調達のために明治37年(1904年)に収納から製造販売および葉煙草ならびに製品の輸入移入に至るまでことごとく専売の対象を広げた。
- After that, in 1904, the targets of monopolization were widened from storage and manufacture and sales to import and transport of leaf tobacco and products, in order to collect funding for the Russo-Japanese War.
- 承安 (日本)5年(1175年)43歳の時、善導の『観無量寿経疏』(観経疏)によって専修念仏に進み、比叡山を下りて東山吉水に住み、念仏の教えを弘めた。
- Influenced by Zendo's 'Kanmuryoju-kyosho (Kangyosho)' (Commentary on the Meditation Sutra) at the age of 43 in 1175, he began to pursue senju-nenbutsu (Exclusive Nenbutsu), and he left Mt. Hiei-zan to live in Higashiyama Yoshimizu and began to spread the teaching of Nenbutsu.
- 越前国における本願寺門徒と専修寺派の門徒(高田門徒・真宗三門徒派)との交戦の例に見られるように、本願寺以外の真宗諸派の中にはこれと対立するものもあった。
- As seen in the case of the battle between Hongan-ji Monto and Senshu-ji School Monto (Takada Monto and Shinshu Sanmonto School) in Echizen Province, some Shinshu sects other than Hongan-ji had a conflicting movement.
- このように、炭加減(すみかげん)がたいへん微妙であることから、地酒の本場では蔵人のあいだで炭屋(すみや)と呼ばれる、この工程だけの専門家が多く存在した。
- Thus, as the amount of charcoal is very critical, a large number of specialists only for this process called sumiya (literally, specialist for charcoal) existed in places where jizake (local sake) is brewed
- 内容をみても、平安後期以降「装束師」として装束の専門知識をもつ中級貴族が携わった、五節の童女や下仕の装束の記事がくわしいなど、雅亮の人物像に合っている。
- Examining the contents, they suit the image of Masasuke as an 'expert on court costume' since the latter half of the Heian period, a middle-ranking aristocrat possessing specialized knowledge of costume, giving detailed information on the costume for the girls and servants in the Gosechi Festival, etc.
- そして9月12日 (旧暦)(同じく10月14日)には、新橋駅(後に貨物専用の汐留駅 (国鉄)となり、現在は廃止)~横浜駅間開業の式典が新橋駅で催された。
- The opening ceremony of the line between Shinbashi Station (which later became Shiodome Station [Japanese National Railways] used only for cargo trains and is disused at present) and Yokohama Station was held at Shinbashi Station on October 14.
- すなわち、導掌・舎音と呼ばれる専任の管理者によって経営され、堵租と呼ばれる定額小作料制度が広まるようになり、その納付も金納や代金納が主流となっていった。
- That is, professional managers called dosho and shaon managed the manors and the flat-rate pricing farm rent system began to spread and payment came to be mainly by gold or money.
- 十和田湖火山噴火に伴う洪水から高台に逃げ出した集落からは、専門に鉄製品を作っていた集落も発掘されており(大館市)蝦夷は鉄を朝廷側から得る必要も無かった。
- The settlement specializing in iron products was found in Odate City from the settlements that had escaped the flood caused by the eruption of the volcano in Lake Towada-ko, thus demonstrating that the Emishi didn't need to obtain even iron from the Imperial Court.
- 室町時代に入ると商業取引上の決済手段としても用いられ、京都・奈良・堺・兵庫津などとの主要商業都市には割符屋・替銭屋と呼ばれる専門業者が発展するに至った。
- In the early Muromachi period, tally was used as a means of settlement in commercial transactions, and in the major commercial towns such as Kyoto, Nara, Sakai and Hyogonotsu, specialized dealers called 'saifuya' and 'kaesenya' flourished.
- 1582年(天正10年)鯨肉ではないが、「鯨桶」(鯨肉を運ぶための専用の木桶)が、伊勢国より正親町天皇へ2つ、誠仁親王へ1つ、勧修寺晴豊へ1つ献上された。
- This is not about whale meat but in 1582, two 'wooden whale buckets' (wooden buckets specialized for carrying whale meat) were presented by the Ise province to Emperor Ogimachi, with a 'wooden whale bucket' to each of Imperial Prince Sanehito and Haretoyo KAJUJI as well at the same time.
- 五世長詰(宗意)に至って名を川井惣右衛門と改め、六世一峰(宗岸)の代に徳川家康に出仕して以後、江戸時代を通じて専ら惣右衛門流の名により金春座の座付となる。
- At the time of the fifth head Naganori (Soi), he changed his name to Soemon KAWAI, and after the sixth head Ippo (Sogan) started serving Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, the school was the one exclusively attached to the Konparu troupe in the name of the Soemon-ryu school during the Edo period.
- 1941(S18)年、醍醐寺にて出家の大法である金胎両部伝法灌頂を法畢し、大阿闍梨となるが、醍醐寺の座主を目指すことなく自身の教団運営と教法の確立に専念。
- In 1941, at Daigo-ji Temple, he completed the teachings of Kintai-ryobu denpo-kanjo, Daiho (great traditions of Esoteric practices) for priests to become Great Ajari, but he devoted himself to the management of his own religious sect and the establishment of his own teachings without aiming to become zasu (temple's head priest) of Daigo-ji Temple.
- それに伴い、絵仏師の地位も子弟や門人に職の体系として継承されるようになり、詫摩為遠を祖とする宅磨派のように、絵仏師を専門とする流派が成立するようになった。
- Against this background, over time the status of ebusshi came to be passed on to their children or disciples through a vocational system, and as seen in the Takuma school founded by Tameto TAKUMA, schools specializing in training of ebusshi came to be formed.
- しかし、律令制初期から、新任国司の赴任交通手段として伝馬を利用する事例が見られ始めると、平安時代初期までに、伝馬制は新任国司赴任のための専用制度になった。
- However, from the early ritsuryo system, some cases of new kokushi (local governors) using tenma as a transportation means to their new posts began to appear, leading to the exclusive use of the tenma system by new kokushi going to their new posts by the early Heian period.
- 赤穂藩は領地が山に囲まれた地形のため、領外との取引を行う商人などを除き、領内での藩札の専一流通が確実に行われていたことは多くの史料によって確認されている。
- Many historical articles state it is certain that people, except for merchants who had business with outsiders, used only han bills within the territory because mountains surrounded the territory of Ako Domain.
- 洪庵の功績として、適塾から福澤諭吉、大鳥圭介、橋本左内、大村益次郎、長与専斎、佐野常民、高松凌雲など幕末から明治維新にかけて活躍した多くの人材を輩出した。
- Koan is credited with the establishment of a private school, Tekijuku, and many Tekijuku graduates including Yukichi FUKUZAWA, Keisuke OTORI, Sanai HASHIMOTO, Masujiro OMURA, Sensai NAGAYO, Tsunetami SANO, Ryoun TAKAMATSU took the lead in building a new society from the end of the Edo Period through the Meiji Restoration.
- 明治の終わり頃から氷コップと呼ばれる専用のガラス器も使われるようになり、この器は大正時代から昭和の戦前頃まであぶり出し技法などを駆使した独特の発達を遂げた。
- Around the end of the Meiji period, dedicated glassware called kori koppu (cup for ice) was introduced and this type of dishes had developed during the period from Taisho period to the Showa period just before the Second World War fully utilizing a technique called aburidashi (a technique of glass-works that motifs come to the surface by difference in temperature), etc.
- 江戸時代初期池坊専好が、色彩本位の豪華な法式をはじめて発展し、華道の家元として江戸時代中期に興った遠州流や古流などの本流となるものとして現在にいたっている。
- In the early Edo period, Senko IKENOBO launched a fancy flower arrangement style particularly emphasizing colors, thought to be main school for the Enshu School and the Old School in the mid Edo period.
- この紐は羽織の生地と共布で縫いつけてある場合もあるが、通常は「乳」(ち)と呼ばれる小さな環状の布地もしくは金具に、専用の組み紐(羽織紐)を装着して使用する。
- This string might be sewn into the cloth and made of the same fabric as the haori coat, however generally, there is a special braided cord (haori cord) attached to a small circular cloth or metal fitting called 'chi' (nipple).
- 1949年の中華人民共和国成立後には、酒類と加工済みのタバコ製品及び関連するタバコの葉、フィルタートウ、タバコ用紙、タバコ製造機械などが専売品となっている。
- After the esablishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the objects of monopolizations included alcoholic liquor, processed tobacco products, affiliated tobacco leaves, filter tows, tobacco paper, and tobacco manufacturing machines.
- 晩年には学者として著作に専念し、『難太平記』は古典『太平記』を難ずる意味の歴史書で、応永の乱における自らの立場や、太平記に記されない一族の功績を記している。
- In the last years, he concentrated on writing as a scholar; the history book named 'Nan-Tahiheiki' was meant to criticize the 'Taiheiki' (The Record of the Great Peace), so he wrote about his position during the Oei War and great achievements made by the Imagawa clan which were not written in the 'Taiheiki.'
- 天皇の寵愛を受けて専横を極めていた内侍司藤原薬子とその兄藤原仲成は極力反対するが、天皇の意思は強く、同年4月13日に譲位して神野親王が即位する(嵯峨天皇)。
- Although FUJIWARA no Kusuko of the Handmaid's Office (Naishi no Tsukasa), who had been in the emperor's favor and extremely domineering, and her brother FUJIWARA no Nakanari opposed it tooth and nail, the emperor's will was so strong that he abdicated the throne on April 13 of the same year, and Imperial Prince Kamino acceded to the throne.(Emperor Saga)
- この体制を担う貴族や官人の家組織の中では、子弟や外部から能力を見込んだ弟子に対し、幼少期から家業たる専門業務の英才教育をほどこして家業を担う人材を育成した。
- Aristocrats and government officials who undertook such authority and duty developed human resources: they pampered their children as well as gifted disciples.
- なお中国では隋以降、戎服(唐の常服。日本の朝服に相当するもの。束帯はこれが和様化したもの)では黄色が尊い色とされ、唐の時代になって、赭黄袍は皇帝専用となった。
- Incidentally, in the Sui Dynasty and after in China, yellow had been a noble color to be used for a military uniform (which was equivalent to the everyday clothes in the Tang Dynasty, and to the Japanese clothes 'chofuku' worn by officials when attending Court, forming the base for 'sokutai' which is the traditional formal Court dress) and in the Tang Dynasty, shaoho was designated as solely for an emperor's use.
- 江戸時代には幕府の保護のもと、平曲(平家琵琶)、三曲(地歌三味線、箏(こと)、胡弓楽)の専門音楽家として活躍したり、また人によっては鍼灸、按摩 を専業とした。
- In Edo period, they actively worked as professional musicians of Heikyoku (the music played on Heike biwa as accompaniment for the recitation of Heike monogatari), and sankyoku (jiuta shamisen [traditional Japanese shamisen music], koto, and Kokyu [Chinese fiddle] music) or engaged in acupuncture and massage, under protection by bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- はじめ吉本は企業経営をしながら自宅で希望者に内観をさせていたが、昭和28年、事業から引退し、大和郡山市に内観道場(のちの内観研修所)を設け内観指導に専念する。
- At first, Yoshimoto was running his own business while offering Naikan therapy at his home to those who wanted to be clients, but in 1953, he retired from the business, established Naikan Dojo (later Naikan Kenshujo) in Yamatokoriyama City and devoted himself to teach Naikan therapy.
- 今日では一般に、専任の板前を抱え、座敷があり芸妓を上げるような料理屋のことを指すことが多いが、芸妓衆のもてなしを主として、酒以外の料理は主に仕出しでまかなう。
- Today, in general, it is referred to as a Japanese style restaurant where tables or rooms are for reservation and a professional full-time chef is employed to prepare cuisine other than sake, a geisha delivers the cuisine to the reception room, and other geisha are performing entertainment.
- 大日本協会は超党派の団体であり、佐々のように国民協会_(日本)に所属したまま、大日本協会に属している代議士や大日本協会専属の議員など、所属形態は多様であった。
- The Dai Nihon Kyokai was a nonpartisan organization consisting of members from different political parties, including representatives such as Sassa, who also belonged to the Kokumin Kyokai (National Association), and some councilors belonging exclusively to the Dai Nihon Kyokai.
- 1958年「東京フォトスクール」を創立、1960年東京綜合写真専門学校と名称を変えて発展させ、自らの写真美学や批評精神を展開しつつ、写真家の育成に情熱を注いだ。
- Having established 'Tokyo Photo School' in 1958 and renamed it Tokyo College of Photography in 1960 for further development, he devoted himself to training photographers while he developed his own photographic aesthetics and critical spirit.
- 度牒出売の目的は、その成立当初から財政難に困窮し続けた宋朝の財政政策の一翼を担うことであり、実際に塩の専売制などと共に、国家の重要な財源の一つとなったのである。
- The purpose of selling the Docho was to contribute to the fiscal policies of the Sung Dynasty, which had constantly suffered financial difficulties since its formation, and the sales actually served as an important source of revenue together with the state monopoly on salt.
- 1232年(貞永元年)興正寺を源海に譲って下野国高田如来堂(のちの専修寺)を継ぎ、諸国をめぐって浄土教を広める一方、東北では当地で広まっていた異義を正している。
- In 1232, he gave Kosho-ji Temple to Genkai and became the chief priest of Nyorai-do Temple (latter-day Senju-ji Temple) in Takada, Shimotsuke Province; he also travelled around the country to preach Pure Land Buddhism while correcting the wrong teachings that had been spread throughout the Tohoku region.
- この頃の浄土真宗は、佛光寺や専修寺において活発な布教活動が行われ多くの信者を得たが、本願寺は8世蓮如の登場までは、天台宗の末寺として存続していたに過ぎなかった。
- Jodo Shinshu in those days had active missionary work in Bukko-ji Temple and Senju-ji Temple and acquired a number of followers, but Hongan-ji Temple just existed as a branch temple of Tendai Shu before the 8th head-priest Rennyo.
- W杯の開催地に立候補した京都府は、城陽市の木津川 (京都府)右岸地域に、4万人程度が収容できる国際試合規格のサッカー専用スタジアムを建設することを計画していた。
- Bidding to host the World Cup, the Kyoto Prefecture planned to build a soccer-specific stadium which met the standard for the international games and could accommodate about 40,000 people on the right bank of the Kizu-gawa River in Joyo City (Kyoto Prefecture).
- 古代インドの宗教では、出家者は一般に所有欲を否定するために三衣一鉢の最低限の生活必需品しか所有しないほか、修行に専念するために農業などの生産活動には従事しない。
- Because monks in religions in Ancient India usually deny desires for possessions, they only possess sanne-ippatsu (three robes and one begging bowl), bare necessities, and they do not engage in productive activities such as agriculture in order to devote to ascetic practices.
- 近年は小麦粉に隠し味的な調味料やベーキングパウダーなど、場合によっては細かい乾燥紅しょうがなどの具がブレンドされた「たこ焼き粉」という専用の粉も発売されている。
- Nowadays, special powder named 'takoyaki-ko' (octopus dumpling powder), wheat flour into which a hidden flavor of seasoning, baking powder and sometimes red pickled ginger dried and ground to a fine powder are blended, is on sale.
- 実際の運営をになう初代執行部としては、副会長に池坊専永(池坊)、理事長に勅使河原蒼風(草月流)、副理事長に小原豊雲(小原流)、相談役に山本忠男(池坊)が就任した。
- To the first executive office responsible for the actual management, nominated were Senei IKENOBO (Ikenobo School) as Vice Chairperson, Sofu TESHIGAHARA (Sogetsuryu) as Administrative Director, Houn OHARA (Ohararyu) as Deputy Administrative Director, and Tadao YAMAMOTO (Ikenobo) as Consultant.
- 1180年代の治承・寿永の乱の結果、東国に鎌倉幕府が成立し、独自の支配権を獲得していたが、治天として専制を指向する後鳥羽には、幕府の存在が我慢ならないものだった。
- In 1180 as the result of the Jisho, Juei War, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by shogun) was established in the eastern province and had their own right to rule the government, however Gotoba who had the absolute power to direct a despotic government as Chiten, he could not stand the existence of the bakufu.
- ただ口元に料理を運ぶための専用の食器(スプーンやフォークなど)以外には口を付けない様式もあり、そのどちらでも取り皿のような特別な位置付けのもの以外は手に持たない。
- There is also a manner that they only put their mouths to special eating utensils (such as spoon and fork) used for lifting food to the mouth, and in both cases, they don't hold dishes except eating utensils such as individual plates regarded as special status.
- なおその後、京都市をホームタウンとする京都サンガF.C.の新たなホームスタジアムとして、京都市が横大路運動公園内に、球技専用のスタジアムを建設する構想を発表した。
- After that, Kyoto City unveiled its plan to build a ball game stadium at Yokooji Sports Park to use as a new home stadium of the Kyoto Sanga F.C. based in Kyoto City.
- この頃、中央政界は専横を極めた平清盛を中心とする平氏一門と強力な院政を目論む後白河法皇の両者の対立が軸となっていたが、兼実は両者に対して批判的態度を取りつづけた。
- At that time, the central political world was occupied by the conflict centered around TAIRA no Kiyomori from the Taira family, who had deposed, and Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, who planned to create a powerful Insei (rule by a retired emperor); Kanezane continued to view both parties with a critical eye.
- 料理人が鉄板でステーキなどを調理し、カウンター越しに座る客に提供するスタイルは1945年に寿司店から着想を得て神戸発祥のステーキ専門店「みその」が始めたものである。
- The serving manner, in which a culinarian cooks steak and others on the teppan and serves them to the customer across the counter, was originated in 1945, getting idea from sushi restaurants by a stake restaurant Misono founded in Kobe.
- 池坊専応(いけのぼうせんおう、文明 (日本)14年(1482年) - 天文 (元号)12年(1543年))は、戦国時代 (日本)の京都頂法寺(六角堂)の僧・立花師。
- Seno IKENOBO (1482 - 1543) was a Buddhist monk of Kyoto Choho-ji Temple (Rokkakudo) as well as a tatebana (flower arrangement) master in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
- 古文学は、今文学が一経専門で家法を頑なに遵守したのに対して、六経すべてを兼修し、ときには今文学など他学派の学説をとりいれつつ、経書を総合的に解釈することを目指した。
- While the Kinbun learning was specially restricted to only one classic and strictly followed the rules and interpretations of the school, the Kobun learning studied all of the Rikkei, sometimes adopting theories from other schools such as Kinbun, and aimed at a comprehensive interpretation of the Keisho.
- 師の叡尊は民衆への布教を唱えながら、自分には不得手であることを自覚して当時の仏教において一番救われない存在と考えられていた非人救済に専念し、その役割を忍性に託した。
- Although master Eison advocated the propagation to the people, he knew he was not good with it and focused on the relief on 'Hinin' who was thought to be the most unrelieved presence for Buddhism at that time, handing off that role to Ninsho.
- 牧野省三のマキノ・プロダクションの専属俳優だった月形龍之介は、1928年(昭和3年)2月、同社との配給提携を条件に設立したのが、この「ツキガタプロダクション」である。
- Ryunosuke TSUKIGATA, an actor under contract with Shozo MAKINO's Makino Productions, established 'Tsukigata Productions' in February of 1928 under the condition of giving distribution rights to Makino.
- 起源をさかのぼれば、古墳時代~奈良時代に、儀式用と実戦用とが区別され始めた時、「圭頭大刀(けいとうたち)」や「黒作大刀(くろづくりのたち)」は「断ち切る」専用だった。
- Tracing the history, from the Kofun period to the Nara period, when swords became separated between ceremonial use and actual use, 'Keito Tachi' and 'Kurozukuri-no Tachi' were only for 'cutting off.'
- 重源は、十代前半に醍醐寺で出家し、藤原師行の後援のもと、入南宋三度を自ら誇った経験豊かな漂白の聖であり、それまでも、高野新別所(専修往生院)を結んだことでも知られる。
- Known as the founder of the new branch temple in Koya (Senshu Ojo-in Temple), Chogen was an experienced priest walking around the provinces, who entered the priesthood in his early teens and was proud of three visits to the Southern Sung Dynasty with support from FUJIWARA no Moroyuki.
- 同会専属の衆議院議員も存在したものの、協力関係にあった東洋自由党・国民協会_(日本)・政務調査会_(明治時代の政党)・同盟倶楽部などと掛け持ちであった議員が多かった。
- While some of the members were council members of the party, it included among it's members of the Dai Nihon Kyokai were lawmakers of the House of the Representatives, many of whom also belonged to other political parties that maintained cooperative relations with Dai Nihon Kyokai, including the Toyo Jiyuto (Oriental Liberal Party), the Kokumin Kyokai (National Association [Japan]), The Policy Affairs Research Council (a political party in the Meiji period), and the Domei Club (League Club).
- エルトゥールル号の遭難はオスマン帝国の国内に大きな衝撃を呼んだが、専制君主アブデュルハミト2世のもとでは人災としての側面は覆い隠され、天災による殉難と位置付けられた。
- The distress of the Ertuğrul made a great impact on people in the Ottoman Empire; however, under the rule of the absolute monarch Abdülhamid II, the incident was regarded as martyrdom due to a natural disaster and the aspect as a man-made calamity was concealed.
- 「千家系譜」、「千利休由緒書」によると利休の祖父は足利義政の同朋衆だった千阿弥(専阿弥・新田氏里見氏の一族田中氏の出身)といい、その名をとって千姓としたとされている。
- According to 'SEN Kakeifu' (genealogy of the SEN family) and 'SEN no Rikyu Yuishogaki' (a history of SEN no Rikyu), his grandfather SEN'ami was from the TANAKA clan, a branch family of the NITTA and SATOMI clan, and the grandfather had worked as Doboshu (experts in art) to Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA. It is said that Rikyu took the family name of his grandfather.
- その後、律令の専門家を育成する必要性から、神亀5年7月21日 (旧暦)(728年8月30日)の格式において、漢文学・歴史学を掌る文章博士と同時に律学博士が設置された。
- Later doctors of Ritsugaku were appointed together with doctors of Monjodo, a department of Chinese poetry and history on the need to cultivate experts of ritsuryo by ordinance on September 3, 728.
- 何千種類もあったが、専売制の下でマスプロ化が進んだことと、紙巻きタバコの消費増大で需要が減ったことで数銘柄からさらには1銘柄に減り、ついには国内での製造が打ち切られた。
- There were thousands varieties, but the number of brands were reduced to one because of the mass production promoted under the monopoly and decrease in demand caused by increase in cigarette consumption, and finally the domestic production was stopped.
- 同年2月、当時、提携先の新興キネマの専務取締役となっていた立花良介と高村がマキノ本家と提携し、旧マキノ・プロダクションの「御室撮影所」に「正映マキノキネマ」を設立した。
- In February of the same year, Ryosuke TACHIBANA, the senior managing director of Shinko Kinema, and Takamura became partners with the Makino family and established 'Shoei Makino Kinema' at the former Makino Productions' 'Omuro Studio.'
- ところが、1936年(昭和11年)になると松竹の専務取締役に就任した城戸四郎が新興キネマの製作指揮を行うようになり、提携しているスタープロダクションとの解約を推進した。
- However, Shiro KIDO, who became the CEO of Shochiku and directed the productions of Shinko Kinema in 1936, abandoned the contract with the Star Production.
- 元来は、全ての后妃の世話を行うために設置されたが後には皇后と中宮、皇太后などとの並立によりそれぞれに太皇太后宮職、皇太后宮職、皇后宮職と専属の職 (律令制)が置かれる。
- It was originally in charge of the affairs of all consorts' households, but later Taikotaigogushiki, Kotaigogushiki and Kogogushiki were separately established for Grand Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager and Empress respectively (Ritsuryo system).
- なお、弘仁4年(813年)には令制国の国司に「俘囚専当」を兼任させて俘囚の監督と教化・保護養育に当たらせ、その翌年には蝦夷の王民化の方針を打ち出した勅令が出されている。
- In 813 an imperial order was issued, under which provincial governors in ryoseikoku (provinces) took on the additional responsibility of managing subjected barbarians, making them civilized, and protecting and nourishing them; the following year another imperial order was issued, making the Emishi the Emperor's people.
- 孝謙天皇即位後の750年には、藤原仲麻呂が専権し、真備は、筑前守、肥前守に左遷されたが、751年には遣唐副使となり、752年(天平勝2年)に入唐し阿倍仲麻呂と再会する。
- In 750, after Empress Koken was enthroned, FUJIWARA no Nakamaro started to wield his power and Makibi was relegated to the lower positions of Chikuzen no kami (the governor of the Chikuzen Province) and Hizen no kami (the governor of the Hizen Province), but in 751 Makibi was appointed the assistant to the Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty of China and visited Tang in 752 where Makibi reunited with ABE no Nakamaro.
- 鎌倉時代にはいって書院造りが普及してから、「唐紙師(かみし)」という襖紙の専門家があらわれ、表具師(布や紙を具地に貼る)は分業化され、その名を引き継いで経師ともいわれた。
- After Shoin-zukuri style prevailed during the Kamakura period, the 'kami-shi,' a specialist in handling fusuma paper, appeared and the work of hyogu-shi (craftsman who pasted cloth or paper on the frame) was divided, kami-shi was also called kyo-ji, taking over its name.
- 第2条では、天皇の国政に関する顧問は所管大臣と次官に限定した(元田の存在は例外であったが、専門の教育問題や天皇の個人的な問題以外での発言は事実上封じられることになった)。
- The Article 2 limited Emperor's national political advisors to the ministers and the vice-ministers having jurisdiction over the issues in question (Motoda was an exception but he was effectively forbidden to talk about other than education, his specialty, or Emperor's private problems).
- 負名を通して、田堵と他の百姓との間に債務関係が発生するようになり、これによって田堵は他の百姓への私的支配を強めるようになるとともに、名田経営者として専門性を高めていった。
- The fumyo caused debtor-creditor relations between tato farmers and other peasants, and this allowed the tato to become powerful enough for unofficial governance over other peasants and to increase their special skills of myoden management.
- もともと、ウェイトリフティングなどのパワー系競技において、腰椎の保護などの機能も併せ、専用のベルトを装着する選手が多いように、適切に巻かれた帯は身体能力を発揮する一助となる。
- Originally, as seen in competitions concerning physical power such as weight lifting, many athletes wear belts with the exclusive use of functions such as to protect the lumbar vertebra; therefore, properly used obi helps to demonstrate physical abilities.
- 木戸は、三者協議において板垣と連合することにより大久保の専権を抑制しようとし、また自らの発言権を回復する意図があったことから、板垣とともに政府に復帰することを強く望んでいた。
- Kido was planning to ally himself with Itagaki at the three-way meeting to restrain Okubo's arbitrariness and also intended to regain his voice; therefore he was anxious to return to the government together with Itagaki.
- 俘囚と公民百姓の差異に対応するため、812年(弘仁3)、朝廷は国司に対し、俘囚の中から優れた者を夷俘長に専任し、俘囚社会における刑罰権を夷俘長に与える旨の命令を発出している。
- To erase the differences between the Fushu and the public peasants, in 812 the Imperial Court issued an order to the kokushi to select competent persons from the Fushu as full-time Ifucho (leaders of Ifu) who would exercise their punitive authority for crimes in Fushu society.
- 大宝律令において律令の解釈に関する官職や専門家を育成する仕組は存在せず、当初の大学寮においては本科にあたる後の明経道と数学の学科である算道の2つで構成されたと考えられている。
- Under Taiho Code, there were no system to develop the government posts and specialists handling the interpretation of ritsuryo and in Daigakuryo there seemed to be two subjects at first - future Myogyodo as the main course and Sando, a subject of mathematics.
- これは『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』にある「一向専念無量寿仏」から、阿弥陀仏の名号を称えることと解釈され、そこから「一向宗」が他の宗派より親鸞を開祖とする浄土真宗を指す呼称となった。
- Since it was described 'Ikko Sennen Muryo Jubutsu' (一向専念無量寿仏) in the sutra 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo' (無量寿経仏説無量寿経), '一向' Ikko was understood as chanting of the Amitabha's name, from which '一向宗' became a designation used by other sects to refer to the Jodo Shinshu sect founded by Shinran.
- それ故「妻妾論」では夫婦は必ず平等であるべきであって、家父長専制は文明に悖る、女性には家庭内の要である妻としての役割、教育を担う母としての役割があって、それを尊重すべきとした。
- Therefore, in 'A theory of wives and concubines' he insisted that husband and wife should be always equal, patriarchal authority was against civilization and that women had a role as a wife, a key person in a family, and a mother who was in charge of education, which should be respected.
- 図書寮で紙製造を扱っていた紙屋院は、原料貢進不足から新しい紙を漉くことが困難となり、宿紙を専門とするようになり図書寮が陰陽寮に暦に堪えうる料紙を支給することが困難になってきた。
- Kamiyain, who had been making paper in Toshoryo, had difficulty making paper because of the shortage of material, and therefore, began to make recycled paper called shukushi, and this made it difficult for Toshoryo to supply good quality paper for calendar to Onmyoryo.
- つまり、同じく彼らが専門とする新しい三種の楽器(三味線(主として地歌の三味線)、箏、胡弓)」とその音楽である地歌、箏曲、胡弓楽を区別するために使われ始めたのではないかと思われる。
- In other words, they must have begun using the name sankyoku to distinguish heikyoku from their new, professionally engaged three instruments (shamisen (mainly for Jiuta), koto and kokyu) and their tunes (Jiuta, Sokyoku (koto music) and Kokyu-gaku (kokyu music)).
- しゃぶしゃぶは、ごく薄く切った肉を、食卓の専用鍋に煮え立たせただし汁に数回くぐらせ加熱し、野菜・豆腐・葛切りなどの食材を煮込んだものと共に、タレにつけて食べる日本の鍋料理である。
- Shabu-shabu is a Japanese dish in which extremely thin slices of meat are cooked by swishing them back and forth several times in dashi (broth) boiled in a special tabletop pot, dipped in sauce and eaten with boiled ingredients such as vegetables, tofu and kuzukiri.
- 今の教育は「文部省の専制的裁断に屈従した教育」であるから、それを「各自治体におけるそれらの教育委員の自由裁量に一任」し、それによって「教育が国民自身のものとなる」と主張している。
- She argued that education of the times was 'an education submissive to the Ministry of Education's despotic decisions' but it should be 'left to a discretionary power of the board of education of each municipality' in order to realize 'education for the people.'
- なお、当時の大坂町奉行阿部正蔵は幕府に対して「諸藩の専売制」「一部商人の不正取引」「抜売買の横行(正規外の流通ルート)」を諸色高直の原因として対策を上申したが、採用されなかった。
- Shozo ABE, Osaka machi-bugyo (town magistrate of Osaka) of that time, submitted a countermeasure for shoshiki-kojiki citing 'domains' monopoly,' 'illegal trading by certain merchants' and 'flourishing nukiurikai (抜売買) (the trade outside normal distribution channels)' as a factor of shoshiki-kojiki, however, it was not adopted.
- 若い頼家による独裁が御家人たちの反発が起き、正治2年(1200年)に頼家の専制を抑制すべく大江広元、梶原景時、比企能員、北条時政、北条義時ら老臣による十三人の合議制が定められた。
- Young Yoriie's leadership caused a revolt among warriors, and a 13-member conference system was established in 1200 by OE no Hiromoto, Kagetoki KAJIWARA, Yoshikazu HIKI, Tokimasa HOJO and Yoshitoki HOJO, in order to control Yoriie's autocratic rule.
- 実平の代には備前国・備中国・備後国3ヶ国の守護となり、その子土肥遠平は安芸国沼田荘の地頭職を与えられるが、専横を極め失脚し、所領は本拠地・土肥郷と安芸国沼田荘のみとなってしまう。
- Sanehira became Shugo (provincial constable) for three provinces, or Bizen, Bicchu and Bingo, and his son Empei DOHI was given Jitoshiki (manager and lord of manor) of Numata-sho Manor, Aki Province, but Empei's tyrannical behavior and management resulted in deprival of his title and left him only with his home ground Dohi-go Village and Numata-sho Manor, Aki Province.
- これを受けてワイナリーと称する専業生産者も本腰をいれるようになり、欧州本場に倣った垣根式の栽培法を取り入れ、害虫に強いヨーロッパ系新種のワイン用に特化したブドウ栽培を展開し始めた。
- As a result, specialist manufacturers called wineries became serious about winemaking, and introduced cultivation method emulating European hedging styles, and began to develop specially cultivated insect resistant grape varieties from European strains.
- そのため、狂言作者は劇場に所属する身分であるものの、大名題は、その中の一人を、恒常的に祝儀をはずんだり日頃の生活の面倒を見るなどして、自己の事実上の専属とすることが一般的であった。
- Kyogen writers themselves belong to a theater, but it was common for them to choose Onadai (a top actor) from among the actors there and make him exclusively work for them by tipping much and giving him financial support.
- 曼殊院に伝存する茶室、古今伝授資料(古今和歌集の秘伝を相承するための資料)、立花図(池坊流2世池坊専好の立花をスケッチしたもの)などの文化財は法親王の趣味と教養の広さを示している。
- The cultural properties handed down in Manshuin Temple, such as chashitsu (tea room), Kokindenju archive (archive to hand down the secrets of Kokin Wakashu), and Tatebana Zu (a sketch of Tatebana, or decorated flowers, made by Senko IKENOBO, who was the 2nd head of Ikenobo School), shows how broad the Imperial Prince's hobbies and educational knowledge were.
- 狩野派(かのうは)は、日本絵画史上最大の画派であり、室町時代中期(15世紀)から江戸時代末期(19世紀)まで、約400年にわたって活動し、常に画壇の中心にあった専門画家集団である。
- The Kanoha group is the largest gaha (group of painters) in Japanese art history, and was active for about 400 years from the middle of the Muromachi period (fifteenth century) to the end of the Edo period (nineteenth century) as a group of expert painters that consistently dominated the art world.
- その後、享保の大飢饉や天明の大飢饉の救済のためにも御用米が活用されたが、松平定信の寛政の改革では、囲米を導入して御用米の役目を代行させ、御用米を当初の軍事専用に復帰させようとした。
- Later on, goyomai was used to relieve the Great Famine of Kyoho or the Tenmei Famine, but in Kansei reform by Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA, kakoimai (it refers to the system where rice was stored by the bakufu, clans and towns and villages in case of emergency) was introduced as a substitute for goyomai and the bakufu tried to revive original goyomai used for military purpose only.
- 義経が頼朝の怒りを買った原因は、『吾妻鏡』によると許可なく官位を受けたことのほか、平氏追討にあたって軍監として頼朝に使わされていた梶原景時の意見を聞かず、独断専行で事を進めたこと。
- According to 'Azuma Kagami,' Yoshitsune invoked the wrath of Yoritomo because he accepted the title from the court without asking for Yoritomo's previous permission and he acted arbitrarily without obeying the instructions of Kagetoki KAJIWARA, who was sent to Yoshitsune by Yoritomo as the military supervisor for the pursuit of the Taira clan.
- この逸話は家綱自身が幕政指導者としての指導力を発揮できず酒井忠清の専制を示すものとしても引用されているが、辻達也や福田千鶴らは幕政の意思決定における将軍上意の重要性を指摘している。
- While this anecdote indicate the Tadakiyo SAKAI's autocracy and Ietsuna's inability to display leadership as head of the bakufu, Tatsuya TUJI and Chizuru FUKUDA point out the importance of the Shogun's wishes in decision making in the bakufu administration.
- 学問的・専門的にではなく、あくまでも一般的な理解のためという前提で補足すると、日本酒の製法という文脈に限っては、「酛(もと)」=「酒母(もと/しゅぼ)」はほぼ同義語として考えてよい。
- As a supplement, neither academic or professional, but to promote general understanding, we can consider, limiting the context related to the production method for sake as being synonyms like 'moto' = 'shubo.'
- 自ら遠征を行ない、積極的に幕府再建を目指し、周囲からも「名君」と期待されたが、晩年には結城政胤・結城尚豊兄弟や二階堂盛行ら一部の側近に幕政を任せてその専横と将軍権力の弱体化を招いた。
- He went on expeditions himself and actively strived for the reform of the shogunate; he was surrounded by great anticipation as a 'famous lord,' but in his last years he left the shogunate's political affairs to some of his close advisers, like the brothers of Masatane YUKI and Hisatoyo YUKI, as well as Moriyuki NIKAIDO, and caused a weakening of the otherwise domineering shogun's power.
- はじめ天台宗の教学を学んだ法然は、承安 (日本)5年(1175年)、もっぱら阿弥陀仏の誓いを信じ「南無阿弥陀仏」と念仏を唱えれば、死後は平等に往生できるという専修念仏の教えを説いた。
- Honen who first learned religious doctrines of the Tendai sect preached the teachings of Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) in 1175; everybody has an equal chance to go to heaven if one believed the oath of Amida Buddha and said the prayer of 'Namuamidabutsu,'
- これは、高校年代の生徒が勉学は立命館宇治高校で、サッカーの練習はサンガタウン城陽の育成組織専用の人工芝グラウンド(照明完備)で行い、京都サンガF.C.が建設した寮で生活するというもの。
- According to the plan, students of the senior high school generation study at Ritsumeikan Uji High School, practice football on the artificial grass ground (lighting fully-equipped) dedicated to the nurturing organization in Sanga Town Joyo, and live in a dormitory built by Kyoto Sanga F.C.
- フランスの物理学者Lydéric Bocquetらや、永弘進一郎(現・宮城工業高等専門学校)らの研究によると、石が最も良く跳ねるには、石と水面との角度は20ºが最適であるとされている。
- According to the research by French physicist Lydéric Bocquet, Shinichiro NAGAHIRO (presently at Sendai National College of Technology) and so on, for the best bounce of the stone, the optimum angle between the stone and the water surface is 20 degrees.
- 彼らは白衣観音や達磨などを始めとした禅宗祖師や散聖(布袋和尚)の禅機図など仏教に関連する題材とともに、文人画などを手がけた(どちらを主とするかあるいは専芸とするかは人によって異なる)。
- They created works of art related to Buddhism, such as paintings of Hakui Kannon (Buddhist deity of mercy, wearing white robes), Zenshu Soshi (Zen sect founder, including Daruma (Bodhidharma) and Zenki-zu (Zen acts) of Sansei (Budai Heshang), as well as literati paintings (monks often specialized in either category).
- 学問的・専門的にではなく、あくまでも一般的理解のためという前提で補足すると、日本酒の製法という文脈に限っては、「醪(もろみ)」=「仕込み」=「造り」としてほぼ同意に使われることが多い。
- As a supplement not academic or professional, but for helping the general understanding, limited to the context related to the production method for sake, 'moromi,' 'shikomi' and 'tsukuri' are often used meaning the same.
- 大久保を中心に岩倉具視・大隈重信・伊藤博文らが政府の再編を行うが、直後に台湾出兵をめぐる意見が対立、その結果、長州閥のトップ木戸孝允までが職を去る事態に陥り、ほぼ大久保専制体制となる。
- Under Okubo's leadership, Okubo, Tomomi IWAKURA, Shigenobu OKUMA and Hirobumi ITO reorganized the government, but immediately after that, they clashed over the issue of the Taiwan expedition; eventually, Takayoshi KIDO, the leader of the Choshu faction, resigned from the office and thus Okubo's despotic regime virtually came into being.
- 消費物資から租税を徴収する仕組としては消費税などが考えられるが、専売制はこれを更に徹底して生産・流通・販売の過程を全面的に支配することで競争原理を排除して独占的利益を収める方法である。
- One of the systems for collecting tax from consumption goods is consumption tax, but monopolization is a system that develops this further and monopolizes profits by completely controlling the processes of production, distribution, and sales and excluding competition.
- それに対し、寺社が主催し的屋という専門職が演出し庶民による伝統的な祭りとは違う、自治体や企業が主催し地域住民が参加する「手作り」の日曜マーケットなどの蚤の市が全国的に広く開催されている。
- In contrast, there are flea markets, such as the 'handmade' markets held on Sundays across Japan, that local people joined and are run by local municipalities or businesses, though these are unlike the traditional festivals by common people organized by temples and shrines and run by professional tekiya.
- なお史実では頼豪の没年は1084年、敦文親王の没年はそれ以前の1077年であるため、頼豪の死霊が敦文親王を取り殺したとする点ですでに史実との矛盾点があることが、専門家から指摘されている。
- Also, the historical fact is that Raigo died in1084 and Prince Atsufumi had died in 1077, and so experts are pointing out that Raigo's shiryo (the spirit of a dead person) killing Prince Atsufumi contradicts the historical fact.
- 『源氏物語』の原文は専門的な教育なしには現代日本人にとってかなり難しいもので、瀬戸内寂聴の訳したものが近年ベストセラーになったように、むしろ現代語訳で親しんでいる人のほうが多いといえる。
- The original text of 'The Tale of Genji' is very difficult for present-day Japanese people to read without special education, so it can be said that many people are more familiar with modern translations such as the best-selling work by Jakucho SETOUCHI.
- これに対し、家臣を城下に集めて専任の常備軍(この常備軍は西洋軍事史で規定されるそれとは全くの別物である事に注意)とすれば、上記の要求を満たせる上、兵の錬度、武具の質も上げることができた。
- In contrast, if the feudal lords gathered their vassals around their castles and set them as a full-time regular army, they were able to meet the needs mentioned above and to improve soldiers' skillfulness and the quality of arms (notice: in this case the regular army mentioned here is totally different from the one stipulated in the history of military in the Western countries).
- これらの楽器や音楽を、同じく彼らの専門音楽であり、はるかに以前から行なわれて来た「平曲」 (平家琵琶の音楽) に対して区別するために「三曲」という言葉が使われ始めたのではないかと思われる。
- It is assumed that the word 'sankyoku' started to be used to distinguish these instruments and music genres from 'hei-kyoku' (music played on heike-biwa, or Japanese lute used as accompaniment for the recitation of Heike Monogatari), their area of expertise, which had been performed for a long time.
- また趣味の写真も相当なものであったという評判で、昭和9年の読売新聞立川専売局及び通信部主催のコンクールで1等を受賞、また翌10年にも多摩雅光会主催の「第1回写真展覧会」でも2等1席を獲得。
- He got such a high reputation as an amateur photographer that he won the highest prize in the photo contest hosted by Tachikawa Monopoly Bureau and communications department of the Yomiuri Shinbun in 1934 as well as in 'the First Photo Constest' hosted by Tamagako kai (organization of Tamagako) in 1834.
- しかし東アジア諸国での食事の仕方は鍋料理や大きなお皿に盛った料理を皆で取り分ける食べ方が多くみられるが、日本では個人専用の食器を使い、個別におかずが出るお膳などで食事をとるなど違う点もある。
- However, there is such a difference in the manner of eating that East Asian people share a one-pot dish cooked at the table or dish arranged on a big plate and Japanese people use individual dishes and have meals using a tray on which accompanying dishes are served individually.
- その後は安全のために、出前用のオートバイに出前機(スプリングやエアクッションがついた専用の岡持ち台)を取り付けるか、荷台のある3輪スクーター(ホンダ・ジャイロ)を使うことが普通になっている。
- For safety reasons, however, it later became common for improved models of motorcycles, such as the Demae-ki (which was equipped with an Okamochi-dai, a fixture with springs and air cushions for the transportation of Okamochi), or a three-wheel motor scooter equipped with a carrier (e.g. Honda Gyro) to be used for delivering Okamochi.
- 岩手大学、新潟大学、筑波大学、東京学芸大学、静岡大学、福岡教育大学などの国公立大学では、書道に関する学科・専攻・学群・コース・領域が置かれ、大学院も併設し、有為な指導者の育成を目指している。
- National and public universities such as Iwate University, Niigata University, Tsukuba University, Tokyo Gakugei University, Shizuoka University, and Fukuoka University of Education have Shodo related department, major, faculty, course, field, and also a graduate school to educate capable instructors.
- 江戸では金銀両替および金融業務を行う本両替(16人)、専ら小判、丁銀、および銭貨の両替を行う三組両替(神田組・三田組・世利組)および銭貨の売買を行う番組両替(一~二十七番)に分化していった。
- In Edo the money changers were divided into honryogae exchangers (16 people) who handled gold and silver exchange and finance, 'Mikumi Ryogae' (three groups of main exchangers consisting of Group Kanda, Group Mita and Group Seri) specializing in koban, chogin and zenika (copper coins), and 'Bangumi Ryogae' (Nos. 1 to 27) who traded in copper coins.
- その後の三国干渉に際しては、御前会議で推進された列国会議開催による干渉阻止案にあくまでも反対して、列強からの干渉を排して戦争の成果を多く日本に留める事に専念するために遼東半島返還を決断した。
- In the later Triple Intervention, he stood firm against the plan of preventing intervention by convening of the conference of the nations of the world that was promoted in the conference in the presence of the emperor, and decided to return the Liaodong Peninsula in order to concentrate on leaving the results of the war in Japan as much as possible, eliminating the intervention from the world powers.
- したがって国防方針は帝国軍の国防は東アジアにおいて日本の国家戦略を侵害しようとする国に対して攻勢を取ることを定め、さらに満州や韓国に利権を扶植したので、国土での専守防衛を明確に否定している。
- Therefore, the policy for national defense stated that the national defense by the Imperial Army would take the offensive against countries that attempted to violate Japan's national strategy in East Asia, and clearly rejected the defense-only policy due to the establishment of interests in Manchuria and Korea.
- 従って、真鳥が大臣に就任して専権を振るったという『書紀』の叙述は史実として認められず、平群氏が自氏と同じく武内宿禰の後裔氏族である蘇我氏への対抗意識から故意に作り上げたのだと説明されている。
- Accordingly, the description in 'Nihon Shoki' in which Matori took the position of Oomi and wielded arbitrary power is not accepted as a historical fact; it is explained that the story was intentionally made up by the Heguri clan themselves driven by a feeling of competition to the Soga clan who is considered to be the descendant of the same TAKENOUCHI no Sukune as the Heguri clan.
- 河野は、同志田母野秀顕らと藩閥専制政府に対抗する連判状を取り交わしていたため、内乱陰謀の容疑で明治15年12月に検挙され、明治16年(1883年)高等法院において軽禁獄7年の刑を宣告された。
- KONO was arrested in December, 1882, for the charge of conspiracy of domestic conflict because he exchanged a compact covenant under joint signatures to oppose domains-dominated government (Meiji oligarchy) with comrades Hideaki TAMONO and others, and in 1883, he was sentenced to seven years of detention at the special criminal court.
- 一度臣籍に下った者が皇位につくのは、日本の皇位継承史の中でも極めて異例であるが天皇の子の身分の決定は天皇の専権事項である(臣籍に降ろした実子を皇族に戻す事も許される)として押し切ったのである。
- It was an unusual example of Japanese Imperial succession for an Imperial member who had been demoted from nobility to subject, to come back and succeed the throne, it was forced to decision because the Emperor had the absolute right to chose the rank of the Emperor's children.
- 創元社『天神祭 なにわの響き』において大阪千代田短期大学の専任講師・朝野典子氏は、「意識」的な曲、「無意識」でも演奏できる曲というような区別をしているが、その意識的な曲が「うた」の部分である。
- Noriko ASANO, who is a full-time lecturer at Osaka Chiyoda Junior College, distinguishes between music which is played 'consciously' and music which can be played 'unconsciously' at 'Tenjinsai Naniwa no Hibiki' (Tenjin Festival - the sound of Naniwa), Tokyo Sogensha Co., Ltd.; the conscious music is the part of 'Uta' (song).
- こうした動きに対し、親鸞の関東における門弟の系譜を継ぐ佛光寺7世の了源(1295年-1336年)など他の法脈は、佛光寺や専修寺などを根拠地として、次第に本願寺に対抗的な立場を取ることになった。
- Against his movement, Ryogen (1295-1336), the seventh head-priest of Bukko-ji Temple, who succeeded the lineage of Shinran's disciples in Kanto region, and other Homyaku gradually took an opposing stance against Hongan-ji Temple, having Bukko-ji Temple and Senju-ji Temple as their bases.
- 日本では、様々な地域の料理が供されてるにも関わらず、特定の地域の料理のみを供する飲食店(専門店)を除けば、やはり椀や丼などの食器を手に持つことが多く、一方で前屈姿勢で食べることは忌避されている。
- Although a variety of food from a variety of regions are provided in Japan, excluding eating places (specialty restaurant) which provide meals of specific regions, they still often hold eating utensils such as rice bowl or china bowl, on the other hand, they avoid eating in a stooped position.
- 密教には曼荼羅をはじめとする多くの仏教絵画が必要とされ、それら仏教絵画と修業・儀式とは切っても切り離されないものであり、それらの作成するための技能を持った専門的な能力を有するものが必要とされた。
- The practice of Esoteric Buddhism required many Buddhist paintings, such as mandalas, and these paintings along with ascetic practices and ritual were inseparable; this naturally created a demand for highly skilled artists capable of producing this style of work.
- 平安時代初期には三礼学派・三伝学派という流れが成立して両者の間で論争が行われたが、平安時代中期以降は明経道そのものが儒教の専門家養成コースのような性格を持つようになって学術論争が沈滞していった。
- During the early Heian period, Myogyodo separated into the two schools called 'Sanraigaku' and 'Sandengaku' and debates took place between them; the arguments stagnated after the middle of the Heian period, however, once Myogyodo itself came to have the characteristics of a training course for becoming a professional on Confucianism.
- 他にもキタ北新地の「永楽館」(同じく吉本の買収後「北新地花月倶楽部」)はじめ、上本町、堀江 (大阪市)、松屋町、新町 (大阪市)、松島遊廓、大阪天満宮界隈などに十数軒の落語専門定席が存在していた。
- There were a dozen rakugo theaters, including 'Eirakukan Theater' (which became 'Kitashinchi Kagetsu Club' after purchased by Yoshimoto Kogyo) in Kitashinchi, North Osaka, in Uehon-machi, Horie (Osaka City), Matsuya-machi, Shin-machi (Osaka City), Matsushima Red-Light District and around the Osaka Tenman-gu Shrine.
- 他にもキタ北新地の「永楽館」(後に吉本傘下に入り「北新地花月倶楽部」)はじめ、上本町、堀江 (大阪市)、松屋町、新町 (大阪市)、松島遊廓、大阪天満宮界隈などに十数軒の落語専門定席が存在していた。
- In addition to the 'Eirakukan' theater (which was later affiliated with Yoshimoto and became 'Kitashinchi Kagetsu Club'), located in Kitashinchi in the northern region of Osaka City, at least ten yose theaters specialized in rakugo; they were located in Uehommachi, Horie (in Osaka City), Matsuyamachi, Shinmachi (in Osaka City), the Matsushima Yukaku red-light district and around Osaka Tenman-gu Shrine.
- 皇位継承と無関係とするものには、藤原氏が天皇家を輔佐することを定めた法だとする説、天皇を隋唐の皇帝のような専制君主と定めた法だとする説、天皇家が代々統治する原則を定めたとする皇統君臨説などがある。
- Among the theories that argue the code's indifference with the imperial succession, a theory that it is a law to establish the regent of the Fujiwara clan, theory that it is a law to establish an imperial autocrat similar to that of the emperors in the Sui and Tang periods, and the theory that it is a norm that establishes the imperial family's successive rule, can be found.
- 以前は専用練習場も照明設備も無く、選手は近隣の太陽が丘などを使用していたので、柱谷元監督がサンフレッチェ広島のユースチームと地元高校の連携を例に挙げて育成組織の改善をクラブ幹部に熱意を持って訴えた。
- As there used to be neither a private training ground nor lighting facilities, and the players used to use the nearby Taiyogaoka or other grounds for training, the former manager HASHIRATANI appealed eagerly to the executives of the club to improve the cultivation organization by giving the example of the Sanfrecce Hiroshima youth team cooperating with a local senior high school.
- しかし今日でも生の食材を市場で仕入れて調理するような寿司専門店では、その日や季節によって得られる食材が変化することから特にメニュー表や値札を出しておらず、「時価」や「お任せ」というコースが見られる。
- However even today, in sushi restaurants where raw food materials are purchased in the market and cooked, the food materials change day by day, or season by season and thus they do not indicate menus or price tags in particular and the courses such as 'market value' or 'whatever' are seen.
- 涅槃は死後に別世界にて生まれ変わる現象とは根本的に意味合いが異なり、仏専用の別世界が用意されている訳ではなく、釈迦に代表されるように、仏として目覚めた後も死亡(入滅)までは従来の世界で暮らし続ける。
- Nirvana is a fundamentally different notion from the phenomenon of posthumous transmigration and as represented by Shaka, human beings can live in the same world as before until their death even after awakening to Buddha since no special world is prepared for Buddha.
- 両替商はやがて小判および丁銀の金銀両替および、為替、預金、貸付、手形の発行により信用取引を仲介する業務を行う本両替(ほんりょうがえ)と、専ら銭貨の売買を行う脇両替(わきりょうがえ)に分化していった。
- Money changers were later divided into 'Honryogae' (main exchangers) who handled changing koban and chogin, i.e., gold and silver, money orders, deposits, lending and credit transactions agency through the issuance of credit bills, and 'Wakiryogae' (subsidiary exchangers) who specialized in copper coinage transactions.
- 鎌倉時代の『明法条々勘録』に引用されている平安時代中期(摂関政治期)の明法家惟宗允亮の著作『政事要略』逸文には、「志与他人之後 専無返領之理」という見解が出現しそれが通規(通説)であると述べている。
- 'Myobojojokanroku' (A Commentary of the Ritsuryo Codes) published in the Kamakura period quotes unknown or lost writings of 'Seiji Yoryaku' (Brief Outline of Government) written by KOREMUNE no Masasuke, a lawyer in the mid-Heian period (Sekkanseiji period [regency period]), which present the view that 'there is almost no reason to return the territory after 'kokorozashi ataeru' to others' as a general rule (prevailing theory).
- これに伴い昭和18年(1943年)、政府は清酒の原料にアルコールを追加できるよう酒税法を改正、またアルコールを酒類製造業者へ売り渡しできるようアルコール専売法を改正するなど関係法令の整備をおこなった。
- In accordance with this, in 1943 the government streamlined relevant laws and regulations such as revising the Liquor Tax Act to enable alcohol to be added to the ingredient of seishu, and the Alcohol Monopoly Law to enable alcohol to be sold to manufacturers of liquor.
- お好み焼き専門店でも卓上にセルフサービス用のマヨネーズを置いている例が増えているが、現在も店舗によっては追加料金を必要とする場合もあり、この場合スティックタイプ個別包装のものが添えられる例が見られる。
- The shops that put self-service mayonnaise on the table have increased even in the okonomiyaki shops, but even now, depending upon the shops, it is sometimes necessary to pay an extra fee for it and in this case, for example, individually-packaged mayonnaise sticks are served.
- 文久3年(1863年)3月に2回目の上京(3月4日鹿児島発、14日京都着)をするが、長州藩を後ろ盾にした尊攘急進派の専横を抑えられず、足かけ5日間の滞京で帰藩する(18日京都発、4月11日鹿児島着)。
- In April, 1863, he made the second visit to Kyoto (he left Kagoshima on April 21 and arrived in Kyoto on May 1), but he could not suppress the insistence of Sonjo-kyushinha (rapid group of Sonno-joi) supported by the Choshu Domain, and as a result, he returned to Kagoshima after only five days in Kyoto (he left Kyoto on May 5 and arrived at Kagoshima on May 28).
- このように法然の教えは、三心の信心にもあるとおり、民衆に凡夫であるということをまず認識させ、その上で浄土に往生するためには、専修念仏が一番の道であるから勧めるから選択するべきだというものとなっている。
- Therefore, Honen's teaching states, as in the Profound Mind of the Three Minds, that the common people must first become aware that they are unenlightened, and because senju-nenbutsu is the best path he recommends it, and therefore it should be chosen.
- 後三条の子息の白河天皇は、子息堀河天皇・孫鳥羽天皇がいずれも幼少で即位し、父・祖父として後見役となる必要があったことから、次第に権力を掌握するようになり、最終的には専制君主として朝廷に君臨するに至った。
- Emperor Shirakawa, who was the son of Gosanjo, needed to become a conservator for his son, Emperor Horikawa, and his grandson, Emperor Toba, since they both were enthroned in their childhood, gradually came into power, and finally, he came to reign over the Imperial Court as an absolute monarch.
- ホットプレートなどを用いて家庭で作ることも出来るが、関西風お好み焼きが一般的な家庭料理として普及している関西と比べると、広島におけるお好み焼きは「プロが焼くもの」「専門店で食べるもの」という要素が強い。
- Okonomiyaki can be cooked on a hot plate in the household, however, compared to Kansaifu-okonomiyaki which is popular as a common home-cooked meal in the Kansai region, Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki is oriented to be 'professionally cooked' or 'eaten in specialty shops.'
- 儒(じゅ)の起源については胡適が論文「説儒」(1924年)で「殷の遺民で礼を教える士」として以来、様々な説がなされてきたが、近年は冠婚葬祭、特に葬儀を専門とした集団であったとするのが一般化してきている。
- There have been various theories on the origin of Ju since Koseki (Hu Shih) wrote in his research paper 'The Explanation of Thought of Confucianists' (1924), that they were 'men of the people remaining from Yin who taught courtesy,' but in recent years, it has generally been believed that they were a group who specialized in ceremonial occasions, especially, funeral ceremonies.
- 1900年(明治33年)より、新義真言宗豊山派及び新義真言宗智山派の能化が3年交代により大伝法院座主を勤めたが、智豊交互に勤める風習は、戦国時代、玄誉─日秀─頼玄─玄宥─専誉あたりから見られるものである。
- Since 1900, the Noke of the Shingi Shingon sect Buzan school and Shingi Shingon sect Chisan school have acted in turn as the Head Priest of Daidenpo-in Temple with three-year rotations, but this tradition of alternating Buzan and Chisan has also been seen since the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) from Genyo-Nisshu-Raigen-Genyu-Senyo.
- 学問的・専門的にではなく、あくまでも一般的な理解のためという前提で補足すると、日本酒の製法という文脈に限っては、「仕込む」 = 「造る」、「仕込み」 = 「造り」というように、ほぼ同義語として考えてよい。
- As a supplement neither academic or professional, but for promoting general understanding, we can consider, limiting the context related to producing method for sake, that they are synonyms like 'shikomu' (to prepare) = 'tsukuru (to produce) and 'shikomi' (preparation)='tsukuri' (production).
- 井上円了による東洋大学(前述の哲学館(1887年創立)の後身)は、男子専門だった私立学校で、日本で初めて女子の入学を許可(1916年)し、さらに女性教員を世に送り出すなどした、最初の共学の私立大学である。
- Toyo University (successor of the above-mentioned Tetsugakukan, built in 1887) established by Enryo INOUE, was a boys-only private school that became Japan's first coeducational private university; the school admitted girls (in 1916) for the first time in Japan and also produced women teachers.
- 将軍義輝の排除はもともと三好・松永の発案ですらなく、古くは阿波国守護細川持隆が最初に策した事であり、この事も示すように当初より実権と将軍専制に固執した義輝の存在は多くの幕府吏僚にとって煙たい存在であった。
- Ousting of Shogun Yoshiteru, not even proposed by Miyoshi and Matsunaga initially, but was first masterminded by Mochitaka HOSOKAWA, governor of Awa Province, in a rather early year and, as this fact reveals, Yoshiteru who had insisted on real power and despotism by the Shogun, had been shunned by Bakufu bureaucrats since the beginning.
- 1935年(昭和10年)、神戸市の千鳥興業の専務取締役宗田政雄が京都のマキノを訪れ、「月間トーキー2本、サウンド版2本、年間48プログラム」の生産ペースを前提に、配給と製作費の出資をする旨の申し入れをした。
- In 1935, Masao MUNETA, a senior managing director of Chidori Kogyo in Kobe City, visited Kyoto to see Makino and expressed his intention to invest in the production and distribution of 'two talkie films a month, two sound films a month and annual aggregate of 48 films.'
- 山東京山(山東京伝の弟)が弘化元年(1844年)に書いた『蜘蛛の糸巻』の中で練羊羹は寛政期(18世紀後期)に江戸の菓子職人である喜太郎という人物が初めて作ったという説を載せており、これを支持する専門家もいる。
- Kyozan SANTO (younger brother of Kyoden SANTO) wrote in 'Kumo no itomaki' (essay literature) in 1844 that neri-yokan was first made in the late 18th century by 喜太郎, a confectioner in Edo, and some experts support his opinion.
- 他方、当初人力車の製造と使用を許可された和泉たちは激増する車夫たちすべてから使用料を取ることができず、また当時の特許制度(「専売略規則」)の不備・使いにくさもあいまってほとんど利益を上げることができなかった。
- On the other hand, Izumi and the others, who had initially been authorized to build and use jinrikisha, had difficulty collecting the usage fees from all the drastically-increasing rickshaw men, which, coupled with the fact that the original patent system ('Summary Rules of Monopoly') was inadequate and hard to use, meant they were unable to make any profit.
- 元禄8年(1695年)9月の元禄の吹替え(改鋳)による元禄小判および元禄丁銀の発行に伴い、大判も品位を下げて発行され、鋳造は元禄金銀と伴に専ら江戸本郷 (文京区)霊雲寺近くの大根畑に建てられた吹所で行われた。
- As Genroku-Koban (a gold coin smaller than the Oban) and Genroku-Chogin (silver coin) were released according to the Genroku's currency reforms of September 1695, the Oban was issued with a decreased gold content and its minting was mainly done at a minting place built in a radish field near Ryoun-ji Temple in Hongo, Edo (Bunkyo-ku Ward, Tokyo) where Genroku gold and silver was also processed.
- なお、家煕の人となりや博学多才ぶり、高い見識のほどについては、侍医(専門は現代で言う小児科)で、茶人であった山科道安(やましなどうあん)がその言行を日録風に記した『槐記』11巻により、如実に知ることができる。
- In the 11th volume of 'Kaiki'. written by Doan YAMASHINA, a court physician (specializing in what is today known as pediatrics) and master of the tea ceremony, Iehiro's sayings and doings are described like a diary and we can clearly see his personality, varied attainments and considerable insight.
- 落語専門定席の不在が上方落語の滅亡につながる事を懸念した上方落語協会は、会長・笑福亭松鶴の主導の下、中央区 (大阪市)千年町の島之内教会を借りて、1972年(昭和47年)2月より、月5日の「島之内寄席」を開催。
- Concerned that the absence of a theater dedicated to rakugo might lead to the loss of Kamigata rakugo, the Kamigata Rakugo Association under the initiative of the Chairman Shokaku SHOFUKUTEI held 'Shimanouchi Yose Theater' five days a month, beginning in February 1972 at the Shimanouchi Church in Sennen-cho, Chuo Ward (Osaka Prefecture).
- 第4代の村上元信以後、深草の日政との関係が密接になり、専ら日蓮宗の宗書を出版するようになり、村上平楽寺は、寛保元年(1741年)には、法華宗門書堂と号するまでになり、繁栄し、貞享年間には、江戸に出店もしている。
- The relationship with Nissei of Fukakusa deepened since Motonobu MURAKAMI (Kanbe MURAKAMI the 4th,) and the Murakami Heirakuji bookstore started to exclusively publish religious books of the Nichiren sect, and renamed itself Hokke Shumon Shodo (Bookstore of the Hokke Sect) in 1741, which flourished and opened up a branch store in Edo during the Jokyo era.
- 政府は死刑をもって取り締まろうとするものの、専売品があまりにも高価で劣悪過ぎたために却って良質な密売品の方が値段が安くなったために、密売品販売による利益は厚く、誘引となったために根絶する事が出来なかったという。
- The government tried to regulate it by death penalty, but they could not exterminate the trafficking because the monopoly products were so expensive and so bad that high-quality trafficked products became less expensive, inviting bigger profits.
- ただし、徳川綱吉、徳川吉宗以降の将軍専制政治体制(将軍が側用人・御用取次を通じて政治を行う体制)において家治が積極的な政治関与を行わなかったことが、田沼が強力な政治的権力を握ることになった要因のひとつでもある。
- One of the reasons that Tanuma gained strong political power is that Ieharu did not actively take part in politics via the shogun dictatorship political system (in which the shogun administers the affairs of state through chamberlains [sobayonin] and attendants [toritsugi]) after Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA and Yoshimune TOKUGAWA.
- 中世以後、技能・芸能を家業とする特定の家の間で、それぞれの家が持つ技能・芸能の世界とその背景に存在する専門性・普遍性・伝承性・権威性などの価値感を「道」に擬えて、家と道(技能・芸能)の関係が説かれるようになった。
- Since the Medieval Period among the specific families which had skills and performing arts as their family businesses, people preached the relationships between the family and the professional skill or performing art as their 'Michi (way)' by comparing each family's world of the skill or performing art and the values of the back grounds like specialty, universality, tradition, authority and others.
- 松囃子では、唱門師や散所などの芸能専業者のみならず村民や町人など各階層の人間が着飾り仮装し、京都においては花の御所へ、地方においては守護など各地の権力者の邸宅へ参向し、日本舞踊や囃子が披露され、祝辞が述べられる。
- In Matsubayashi, not only full-time performers, including Shomonji (lower-ranked diviner) and sanjo (manor's area where people of the sanjo provided special skills to the imperial authority instead of rice tax), but also citizens in every class, including villagers and merchants, put on costumes todress up and visited Hana no gosho (residence of Shogun in Kyoto) or the lords called Shugo in each region; they performed the Classical Japanese dance and musical accompaniment and a congratulatory address was given.
- 宇陀紙は、大和の吉野の産の紙で、もともと国栖紙と呼ばれた楮(こうぞ)の厚紙で、吉野郡国栖郷で漉かれたものを、宇陀郡の紙商が大坂市場に売り出し、吉野紙専門の紙問屋があって全国に売り広められて、宇陀紙の名が広まった。
- Uda-gami is a thick paper made of kozo in Yoshino, Yamato Province originally called kuzu-gami (Kuzu paper), and a merchant of paper of the Uda-gun district began to sell the paper made in the Kuzu-go area, Yoshino-gun district at the market in Osaka and a wholesale store specialized in Yoshino paper sold it all over Japan, and consequently, the name of Uda-gami became widespread.
- 三心を身につけることについては、『一枚起請文』にて、「ただし三心四修と申すことの候うは、皆決定して南無阿弥陀仏にて往生するぞと思ううちにこもり候うなり」と述べ、専修念仏を行うことで身に備わるものであるとしている。
- In order to gain Three Minds he noted in 'Ichimai-kishomon' that, 'However, everyone will gain Three Minds and Four Trainings by wanting to be born in the Pure Land and by reciting Namu Amidabutsu,' and he stated that one could gain the Three Minds by practicing senju-nenbutsu.
- 律令法において、天皇の地位、権能について規定がないのも、それが国家的祭祀の執行など大化前代以来の宗教的機能をもっていたことと、専制君主的性格をもったことの結果であって、法を超越した存在と考えられていたからである。
- The position and authority of Emperors were not defined in the ritsuryo law, due to their religious functions, such as; their performing of national religious services since the pre-Taika era, and as a result of their despotic nature, this made them above the law.
- 昔からある観光ガイドとは、個人が主体という点で異なり、(これまでの概念の)観光のプロではない人たちが担っているという点でエコツアー、ネイチャーツアーなどでみられるほぼシステム化された専門の有料ガイドとも区別される。
- The role differs from traditional tourist guides as the focus is on the individual, and tours are conducted by those who are differentiated from tourism industry professionals such as those organize specialist fee-charging guides who conduct eco and nature excursions.
- 晶子が34歳のとき『新訳源氏物語』を四冊本として出したが、拠り所とした北村季吟の『湖月抄』には誤りが多く、外遊の資金調達のために急ぎ、また、校訂に当たった森鴎外は『源氏物語』の専門家でないなど欠陥が多いものだった。
- When Akiko was thirty-four, 'the New Translation of The Tale of Genji' was published as a four-volume work, but was filled with flaws because its source Kigin KITAMURA's 'Kogetsu-sho Commentary' contained many errors, the process of publication was hasty in order to earn money for traveling abroad, and Ogai MORI who was in charge of proofreading was not an expert on 'The Tale of Genji.'
- 民間信仰における女性の神格性(女神)とは些か趣を異としており、天女自身が超常の力を持つという描写は少なく、地上へは専ら何らかの連絡か個人的な用事(水浴びなど)のために訪れるというだけで、その存在自体は比較的俗である。
- There is a slight difference in meaning between tennyo and the deification of females (goddesses) in folk beliefs; tennyo themselves are rarely portrayed as having supernatural powers, and because they visit the human world only to give messages and to take care of personal tasks (such as bathing), their existence itself is relatively mundane.
- 逆にしばしば水銀など劇薬まがいの薬剤を利用して強過ぎる薬を調合し、常備薬のように服用したため、専門家から諌言されていたとも言われる(なお、当時水銀は梅毒の治療薬に用いられていたため、家康が梅毒であったと推測できる)。
- On the other hand, it is also said that he often produced too strong drugs by using drug materials near to powerful medicines like mercury and took them like household medicines, and therefore, he was admonished by drug specialists (by the way, mercury was used as a drug for treating syphilis, and it is surmised that he suffered from syphilis).
- この河東節は、市川團十郎 (7代目)が成田屋 市川團十郎の専売特許扱いにしてしまったため、以来他家が『助六』を上演するときは成田屋に遠慮して、「出端の唄」は長唄・常磐津・清元などに代えて行うことが決まり事になっている。
- As Danjuro ICHIKAWA VII made the Naritaya Danjuro ICHIKAWA family the proprietor of Katobushi, it has become the rule that when other families put 'Sukeroku' on stage, they substitute Nagauta, Tokiwazu, or Kiyomoto for Katobushi for 'the Deha no Uta' out of consideration for the Naritaya family.
- 曲斉は「風調は地を専にして風韻を主とし、高雅なるもの、「冬の日」に似ず、曲節なるもの「ひさご」に反して、ひとり当時の一体と見れば、世挙て俳諧の花実全備たりと称して、ここにとどまることしばらくあり」(「婆心録」)とある。
- Kyokusai said, '風調は地を専にして風韻を主とし, it is elegant unlike 'Fuyu no hi' (a day in winter), and a tune is against 'Hisago' (Gourd), so it is the best haikai collection in this country and will survive for a long time.' ('Bashinroku' - collection of grandmotherly solicitude)
- 河東節を専業で行う者は今も昔も非常に少ないため、『助六』が上演されるときは、かつては蔵前の旦那衆が、そして今日では「十寸見会」(ますみ かい)という愛好会に所属する素人の語り手たちが、交代でこれを勤めることになっている。
- As few professional performers have specialized in Katobushi through the history of kabuki, it has been performed in alternative basis for the stage of 'Sukeroku' by merchant ship-owners in the past and amateur narrators belonging to the narrator group called 'Masumikai' at present.
- 1932年(昭和7年)2月、大衆文芸映画社の高村正次と、半年前まで帝国キネマの専務取締役であった立花良介が、「マキノ本家」と提携し、旧マキノ・プロダクションの「御室撮影所」に設立したのが、この「正映マキノキネマ」である。
- In February of 1932, Masatsugu TAKAMURA of Taishu Bungei Eiga-sha and Ryosuke TACHIBANA, who had been the senior managing director of Teikoku Kinema half a year prior, established 'Shoei Makino Kinema' at 'Omuro Studio' by making a joint business with the 'Makino family.'
- 洋学校(現・愛知県立旭丘高等学校)、東京大学予備門(のちの第一高等学校 (旧制))を経て、東京大学(のちの東京帝国大学)文学部政治科卒業、文学士(当時は文学士といっても理学に対する文学なので文学を専攻したわけではない)。
- He studied at Yogakko (School of Western Studies) (present-day Aichi Prefectural Asahigaoka High School), Tokyo Yobimon (Preparatory School of the University of Tokyo) (later became Daiichi High School [the first old-education-system high school]), graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (this Arts is just a contrast to Science, meaning he did not necessarily major in Arts) from the Department of Politics, Faculty of Letters of the University of Tokyo (later became Tokyo Imperial University).
- 明治38年8月には、斯波貞吉、中村大八郎らと「国家社会党」を創立し、その宣言書には、古代における我国の皇室が或る意味における社会主義の実行者であると説き、「我国民は宜しく皇室の力に依りて官費の専横を抑制すべし」と論じた。
- In August 1905, he founded 'Kokka Shakaito,' or the National Socialist Party, with Teikichi SHIBA, Daihachiro NAKAMURA and others, and in the party's manifesto, they said that the members of the Imperial Family in ancient times had virtually practiced socialism, and that 'We must stop wasting government expenses using appropriate assistance from the Imperial family.'
- 関ヶ原の戦いの後、直政は西軍の一員であった島津義弘から家康との和平交渉の仲立ちを依頼された(徳川氏の家臣の中に政治を専門とする本多正信がいるにもかかわらず)ことからその政治的手腕は、他家の者達に知れ渡っていたと思われる。
- It appears that Naomasa's ability in politics was well known among the vassals of other clans, because after the Battle of Sekigahara he was asked by Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, who was a member of the Western Camp, to serve as mediator with Ieyasu for peace talks (even though Masanobu HONDA, whose specialty was politics, was among the vassals of the Tokugawa clan).
- 更に遣唐使廃止後の唐風文化の衰退と国風文化の高揚が、歌会・歌合などの行事を活発化させ、それにつれてより良い和歌を作成するために必要であると考えられた歌題・題意の組織化と規範化、和歌に関する古典・有職研究の専門化が進展した。
- Furthermore, after Kento-shi (Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) was abolished, the decline of Tang culture and uplift of the Kokufu Bunka (Japan's original national culture) activated events such as Uta-kai (poem competitions) and utaawase (poetry contests), and organization and establishment of rules of Kadai (subjects of waka Japanese poem) and Daii (meanings of subjects), and specialization in the study of classics and knowledge of court rules, ceremony, decorumts regarding waka that were considered to be necessary to compose better waka developed.
- ホームスタジアムの京都市西京極総合運動公園陸上競技場兼球技場は、陸上競技用トラックがフィールドと観客を隔てる構造上の問題を有し、また、敷地の狭さからこれ以上の拡張が難しいため、かねてから専用スタジアムの建設が熱望されてきた。
- Because the home stadium of Kyoto Sanga, the field and track and ball game field, Kyoto Nishikyogoku Athletic Park Stadium, has a structural problem that the track for track-and-field events separates spectators from the field, and the smallness of its premises makes it difficult to expand it further, construction of a dedicated stadium for football has been desired for a long time.
- その反省から、1990年代以降は自前の酒米用農地(田んぼ)を持ち、春から秋にかけては米作りを、秋から春にかけては酒造りをおこなう蔵や、酒米作りを専門とする農家と栽培契約をむすび一体化した生産体制に切り替える蔵が急増している。
- Consequent upon the foregoing, since 1990s, the number of breweries that have their own agricultural land (paddy fields) in which to produce sakamai and carry out rice growing from spring to autumn and sake brewing from autumn to spring, and other breweries that conclude contracts for growing to unify their production systems, has rapidly increased.
- ただし、頼朝は六条堀川に河内源氏代々の館を持ち、時政以後の京都守護は公家出身者や京都在住が長い武士が多かったために自己の屋敷を庁舎としており、専ら北条氏のように京都に拠点の無い東国武士が拠点にする場合が多かったとされている。
- However, in Rokujo Horikawa, Yoritomo had a residence which had been handed down through generations in Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), and after Tokimasa the Kyoto shugo had many warriors from court nobles who had long lived in Kyoto and used their own residences as their offices so, the warriors from the eastern provinces, who had no bases in Kyoto like the Hojo clan, often used Rokuhara as their base.
- しかし、実弟の三宅右近(9世三宅藤九郎の次男)に対して破門騒ぎを起こしたり、周囲の反対を押し切って長女・淳子と次女・祥子を狂言師とした上、祥子に10世・三宅藤九郎を継がせたりと、独断専横が目立ち、とかく問題の多い人物であった。
- However, Motohide was a controversial figure because he frequently acted according to his dogmatic judgment; for example, he threw the family into an uproar by ordering his own younger brother Ukon MIYAKE (the second son of Tokuro MIYAKE, the ninth) to leave the school, and he not only made his oldest daughter Junko and his second daughter Shoko Kyogen performers after overwhelming the opposition from people close to him, but also let Shoko assume the title of Tokuro MIYAKE, the 10th.
- これらの現象は従来は下克上の一言で片づけられてきた嫌いがあるが、戦国大名による領国支配の形態の研究が進むにつれ、その支配体制が決して専制的なものでなく、家臣団の衆議・意向を汲み取っていたものであるとの見方が多くなってきている。
- These phenomena tended to be simply seen as gekokujo (an inverted social order when the lowly reigned over the elite) in the past, but as the study progresses on the form of territory ruling by daimyo in the Warring States period, more people think that the ruling system was never be autocratic and took into consultations and intentions of the vassalage.
- 錦市場(にしき いちば)は、京都市街ほぼ中央に位置する錦小路通のうち「寺町通 - 高倉通」間の商店街で、魚・京野菜などの生鮮食品食材や、乾物・漬物・おばんざい(京都言葉で日常の惣菜)などの加工食品を商う老舗・専門店が集まる市場。
- Nishiki Market is a shopping street which is on Nishikikoji-dori Street between 'Teramachi-dori Street and Takakura-dori Street,' and approximately located in the center of Kyoto City; there are a lot of long-established stores and specialty stores that sell fresh foods like fish and Kyoto vegetables, and processed foods such as dried goods, tsukemono (Japanese pickled vegetables), and obanzai (precooked food in Kyoto dialect).
- 西南戦争が起こる直前にも、西郷や不平士族の動向を、帰省を口実に密偵を現地に送り込み内偵と西郷側の内部分裂を図るなど、川路の主たる実力は一般的な警察力と言うよりは、専ら忍者の類を使用した情報収集や攪乱・乖離作戦の戦術に長けていた。
- Immediately before the Seinan War he sent spies to Satsuma--on the pretext that they were returning home--in order to conduct a secret investigation both of SAIGO's supporters and the fuhei shizoku in Satsuma, plotting to create a rift within Saigo's inner circle; one sees from such examples that his abilities were showcased not so much in his general police powers as in his use of spies for intelligence work and tactics designed to throw a group into confusion or create an internal rift.
- 法然が専修念仏を唱道したのは、善導の『観経疏』(観無量寿経疏)「散善義」の中の、「一心に弥陀の名号を専念して、行住坐臥に、時節の久近を問はず、念々に捨てざる者は、是を正定の業と名づく、彼の仏願に順ずるが故に」という文からである。
- Honen advocated Senju-nenbutsu based on a verse in 'Sanzengi' from Zendo's 'Kangyosho (Kanmuryoju-kyosho)' that says, 'Repeat the name of the Amida Buddha with all of your heart, never forget the Buddha when you are walking, staying still, sitting or sleeping, at any time, then you will have the correct actions, in compliance with the wish of the Buddha for the salvation of all living things.'
- 以上のような事情から発足当初の学会は、学外の政治家・官僚との結びつきが強く、会員には学者・大学教官のみならず、伊藤のほか大隈重信・井上馨・井上毅・渋沢栄一など「国家学専門ノ名士ニシテ本会ノ目的ヲ協賛スル」学外著名人も含まれていた。
- Because of this situation, Kokkagakkai at the beginning had close ties with politicians and bureaucrats outside the University, and its members were not only scholars and instructors of the University but also celebrities outside the University who were 'important people specializing in the science of the nation and supported the idea of the group' including Ito, Shigenobu OKUMA, Kaoru INOUE, Kowashi INOUE, Eichi SHIBUSAWA and so on.
- たとえば、江戸時代の儒学者、太宰春台は『聖学問答』で「一向宗の門徒は、弥陀一仏を信ずること専らにして他の仏神を信ぜず、いかなることありても祈祷などすることなく、病苦ありても呪術・お守りをもちいず。みなこれ親鸞氏の力なり」と書いている。
- For instance, Shundai DAZAI, a Confucian scholar in the Edo period, wrote in his book 'Seigaku Mondo' (Questions and Answers on Religious Scholarship) as 'Believers of Ikko Sect (Jodo Shinshu Sect) solely believe in Amida Buddha, do not believe in any other Buddha and deities, do not conduct a prayer under any circumstances and do not use magic rituals or charms even when they are sick. All of the above are attributable to Shinran's influence.'
- 現在、能楽と呼ばれる芸能は、室町時代に観阿弥、世阿弥、音阿弥、金春禅竹らによって大成され、織豊期に観世座、宝生座、金春座、金剛座のいわゆる大和四座が、専ら猿楽を上演する芸能集団として、黒川能などの例外を除くと寡占的な地位を占めるに至った。
- The performing art now known as nogaku was established during the Muromachi period by Kanami, Zeami, Onami and Zenchiku KONPARU, and during the Shokuho period, the so-called Yamato-yoza, consisting of Kanze-za, Hosyo-za, Konparu-za and Kongo-za, held a dominant position as a performing group which specialized in sarugaku (comical mimicry and speech performance), except for Kurokawa Noh.
- 特に鎌倉時代に律宗(真言律宗含む)が再興されると、律宗が僧侶が私利私欲を抱くことを戒めて、利益を得た場合にはその公平な配分を義務付けたこと、更に新しい律宗が従来の教学研究専念を脱却して、布教による職人階層との関係を強めたことで評価を得た。
- After the revival of the Risshu sect (including the Shingon Risshu sect) during the Kamakura period, the Risshu sect gained a high reputation because it prohibited its monks from having self-interest, obliged them to divide profits (if any) equally among themselves, and shifted its priority from the study of teaching to a close tie with the working class through its missionary works.
- (財団法人大学コンソーシアム京都の加盟大学に所属している必要はないが、実行委員に応募する資格に「大学・大学院・短期大学・専修学校に通う18歳以上の学生であること」という規定があるため、高校生以下は所属することができない。※過去に例外あり)
- (Members of the Executive Committee do not have to be formal students in a member university of the Consortium of Universities in Kyoto Foundation, but there is a provision that 'students who are 18 or older and belong to a university, graduate school, two-year college and special course school are eligible to apply for Executive Committee membership', while students under 18 are not allowed to join the committee. There was an exception in the past.)
- 古くは中納言以上の公卿であれば官奏を行い得たが、醍醐天皇以後には宣旨によって指名された大納言以上の特定の公卿が「官奏候侍者」とも称される職事公卿として専らこれを行うようになり、大臣と言えども天皇の宣旨を受けない限りは官奏を行い得なかった。
- In ancient times, any noble ranked higher than Chunagon (vice councilor of state) was entitled to do Kanso (submission of a report to the Emperor), but after the reign of Emperor Daigo, the post eligible for Kanso became limited to certain Shikiji-kugyo (high-ranked nobles engaged in submission of reports to the Emperor) who were ranked higher than Dainagon (chief councilor of State) and designated by imperial decree as 'Kanso-kojisha' (literally, attendants in charge of submission of reports to the Emperor), so that even ministers were not allowed to do Kanso unless they were so designated by imperial decrees.
- たとえば後者を要約すると、日本人の気風には専制政治を甘んじて受ける「奴隷根情〔ママ〕」が見うけられ、幕末まで美点とされてきた「忠諒易直」(心根が真っ直ぐであること)は、鎖国を国是としない明治の世では「無気無力」の別名に過ぎないとまでいう。
- For example, the latter is summarized as follows; Japanese has a character of 'slave sprit' by which they quietly accept autocracy, and 'Churyoekichoku' (忠諒易直) (simple mind) which had been regarded as the virtue until the end of the Edo period was merely another name of 'apathy and sense of powerlessness' in the Meiji period when national isolation was not a national policy.
- 鎌倉時代以降、専門分化して、研究が盛んとなり、儀式については順徳天皇の『禁秘抄』、後醍醐天皇の『建武年中行事』、一条兼良の『公事根源』、官職制度については北畠親房の『職源抄』、服飾については源雅亮の『雅亮装束抄』などの有職故実書が著された。
- After the Kamakura period, yusoku kojitsu became as specialist field and the subject of active research, leading to the authorship of books including those on ceremonies such as 'Kinpisho' written by Emperor Juntoku, 'Kemmu Nenchu Gyoji' written by Emperor Godaigo, and 'Kuji kongen' (the Rules of Court) written by Kaneyoshi ICHIJO; those on the government system such as 'Shokugensho' written by Chikafusa KITABATAKE; and those on clothing such as 'Masasuke Shozoku Sho' (Masasuke's rule book on costumes) written by MINAMOTO no Masasuke.
- スポーツチャンバラの原点はごっこ遊びとしてのチャンバラと、護身術としての棒術の延長にあり、適度な長さの棒で相手を打ち据える(試合で使用する器具は中空の軟質素材であるため怪我の心配が無く、また顔には専用の軽量な防具をつける)というものである。
- The origin of sports chanbara is an extension of make-believe game chanbara as well as art of defense using a stick as a weapon, in which an appropriate length stick is used to beat an opponent (hollow soft material stick is used for game, so there is no concern about injury and also special lightweight protective gear is put on face).
- もっとも、律令制が衰微したこの時代においても最低限の社会秩序の維持は模索されたことから、治安・司法分野においては法律の専門家である明法家に対する需要は存在し続け、以後も明法道から刑部省や弾正台、検非違使などの官人が送り込まれることとなった。
- Though the system under the ritsuryo legal codes declined, minimum social order was sought, which required Myoho experts as the specialists of law in the field of order and justice and government officials who had studied Myohodo were sent to the ministries such as Gyobusho, Danjodai, Kebiishi.
- しかし、仁賢天皇の崩後、真鳥大臣は日本国王になろうと専横を極めて、国政をほしいままにしたため、天皇家をも凌ぐその勢力を怖れられ、稚鷦鷯太子(後の武烈天皇)の命を受けた大伴金村により、真鳥とその子の平群鮪(しび)は誅殺されたという(498年)。
- However, after Emperor Ninken's death, Matori Oomi, having wanted to be the King of Japan, became tyrannical to govern the nation as he wanted and was feared his power excluding even the Imperial Family, which is considered to be a cause that Kanamura OTOMO by the order of Prince Wakasazaki (later Emperor Buretsu) killed Matori and his son, HEGURI no Shibi in 498.
- 以来、唯授一人の血脈相承(ゆいじゅいちにん の けちみゃくそうじょう)が、日蓮正宗の正統性を主張し、また、時の法主による広宣流布指揮の絶対性、教義論争裁定・本尊書写・各種称号授与の専有性を保障するものとして、法主から次期法主へと伝えられている。
- Since then, the sole inheritor of Kechimyaku Sojo has asserted the legitimacy of Nichiren Shoshu sect, and this position has been passed from the incumbent Hossu (chief priest) to his successor; the position itself guarantees absolute authority in controlling propagation activities, as well as the exclusive power to adjudicate on disputes concerning doctrine, to give permission for depicting the principal icon of a temple, and to bestow various titles.
- また、壇ノ浦の合戦後に義経が範頼の管轄である九州へ越権行為をして仕事を奪い、配下の東国武士達に対してもわずかな過ちでも見逃さずこれを咎め立てするばかりか、頼朝を通さず勝手に成敗し武士達の恨みを買うなど、自専の振る舞いが目立った事によるとしている。
- In addition, Yoshitsune's behavior was excessively dogmatic as follows: after the Battle of Dannoura he arbitrarily proceeded to Kyushu, although the territory was controlled by Noriyori, and he took Noriyori's duties; he invoked resentment of the warriors by not only reproaching meticulously his subordinate warriors from Togoku (eastern Japan) on their errors without showing any tolerance, but also executed many of them without Yoritomo's consent.
- 大山らが登場させて後は専ら国歌として知られるようになった『君が代』だが、それまでの賀歌としての位置付けや、天皇が「國ノ元首ニシテ統治権ヲ総攬」していた(大日本帝国憲法による)という時代背景から、戦前にはごく自然な国家平安の歌として親しまれていた。
- Although 'Kimigayo' became to be known mainly as the national anthem after having been made to appear by Oyama and so on, it was liked before the War as a very natural song for cerebrating peace of the nation because of its position as gaka in the past and historical background that the emperor 'was the head of state and had a ruling power' (the Constitution of the Empire of Japan).
- 唐の律令の継受も、このような土台のうえに可能となったのであるが、秦・漢以来の歴代の専制主義的法制を集大成した唐の律令と大化前代の日本の法とでは、段階の差が、あまりにはげしかったので、律令法は継受法としての性格を強くもたざるをえなかったとみられる。
- Adopting the Tang ritsuryo was possible based upon such a foundation, but the difference between the Tang ritsuryo, which was a comprehensive compilation of successive despotic legal systems since Qin and Han, and the Japanese law of the pre-Taika era, was so great that ritsuryo law could not avoid becoming, basically, an adopted law by nature.
- その頃鎌倉では、平氏追討の道中、頼朝の意に背かず何事も千葉常胤や奉行として付けられた和田義盛に相談した範頼に対し、言いつけを守らず独自に行動する義経の専横や越権行為が頼朝の怒りを買っており、範頼が九州の行政に当たっている間に、頼朝と義経は対立する。
- At the time in Kamakura, Yoritomo became irritated about Yoshitsune who was acting arbitrarily and ignoring orders, in comparison Noriyori was always following Yoritomo's orders and consulting with Tsunetane CHIBA and Yoshimori WADA who was acting as bugyo (magistrate), while Noriyori was staying in Kyushu, the relationship between Yoritomo and Yoshitsune became worse.
- だが、この撤廃に関しては、普通酒なみに75%程度の精米歩合で純米酒を造ってコストダウンを図っても、味がわからない消費者は喜んで安価な酒を選択し、ひいては酒造技術と品質の低下につながり、ますます日本酒消費低迷期が進むものとして危惧している専門家も多い。
- Regarding this abolishment, many experts are concerned that, even if cost reduction is attempted by brewing junmaishu with the rice-polishing ratio of about 75% which is almost equal to that of futsushu, the consumers who do not find the difference of the taste gladly choose less expensive sake, which will lead to lowering sake brewing technologies and quality, resulting in further contribution to worsening the period of sluggish consumption of Japanese sake.
- いっぽう、地歌と共に三曲のひとつであり、やはり盲人音楽家たちが専門としてきた箏曲は、江戸初期の発展とは裏腹に中期になると停滞してしまい、むしろ独自に発展するのではなく、地歌の肩を借り、地歌三味線曲に付随し合奏するという形で、後期に至るまで発展してきた。
- On the other hand, the development of koto music, one of sankyoku along with jiuta specialized by the blind musicians, was sluggish in the middle of Edo period unlike its prosperity in the beginning of Edo period, and kept growing until the end of Edo period in the form of accompanying jiuta shamisen music without seeking an independent development.
- 更に平安時代以来官司請負制のもとで暦博士を世襲してきた賀茂氏はその伝統と実績を背景として御暦奏を同氏の専権として主張するようになり、阿倍氏が陰陽頭であっても関与させないことを朝廷に認めさせるようになった(平経高『平戸記』仁治元年閏10月14日・22日条)。
- Besides that, Kamo clan, who had been taking over the post of rekihakase by succession in the government office contract system since the Heian period, thanks to its tradition and its experience, began to claim that goryakuso was its exclusive right and began to get the emperor to agree not to involve Abe clan in goryakuso even if they were Onmyonokami (according to 'Heikoki' by TAIRA no Tsunetaka on December 5 and 13, 1240).
- お好み焼き専門店では、これら既製品のみならず、ウスターソース(中濃ソース・濃厚ソースなどを含むウスターソース類の総称ではなく、狭義のウスターソース、以下同じ)、とんかつソース、辛口のどろソースなど各種のソースをブレンドして独自の味を作り出していることも多い。
- In okonomiyaki shops, not only these store-bought sauces, but also various kinds such as Worcester sauce (this is not a general term for the Worcester sauce group such as medium thick sauce, thick sauce, but Worcester sauce in a limited sense and are same as the above), Tonkatsu sauce (Japanese Ketchup), spicy Doro sauce (literally translates to 'mud sauce') are often blended to make original flavors.
- ところが、歴史研究家の立花京子が晴豊の日記全体の「被申候」使用例を分析した結果、村井貞勝の言葉と解釈し、独断専行を嫌う信長に無断で貞勝が発言するはずがないとし、信長の将軍任官の意向を踏まえたものであったと主張したことにより、歴史学者の間で賛否両論の論争となった。
- However, Kyoko TACHIBANA, a researcher of history, studied usages of '被申候'in other passages across Haretoyo's diary and concluded it was what Sadakatsu MURAI said, arguing that Sadakatsu would never say such a thing without Nobunaga's permission because Nobunaga disliked his followers' arbitrary decisions or executions, and that he represented Nobunaga's wish to gain the post, which led to controversies of pros and cons among historians.
- 「所縁江戸櫻」というのは、そもそもは河東節による「出端の唄」の曲名で、この河東節を七代目團十郎(五代目海老蔵)が成田屋の専売特許扱いにしてしまったため、他家が『助六』を上演するときは成田屋に遠慮して、この「出端の唄」を長唄・常磐津・清元などに書き替えたもので行う。
- Originally, 'Yukari no Edozakura' was a title of 'Deha no Uta' by Katobushi and Danjuro ICHIKAWA VII (Ebizo ICHIKAWA V) had a patent on the song of Katobushi; therefore, when other families put 'Sukeroku' on stage, they substitute Nagauta, Tokiwazu, or Kiyomoto for Katobushi for 'Deha no Uta' out of consideration for the Naritaya family.
- 以後、自社元請制作に専念するようになり、『AIR』以降、ゲームブランドKeyが製作した恋愛アドベンチャーゲームをテレビアニメ化し、『Kanon (ゲーム)』、『CLANNAD (ゲーム)』、『CLANNAD 〜AFTER STORY〜』と毎年1作ずつ制作している。
- The company went on to dedicate itself to its own prime productions and, after the production of 'Air,' adapted created animated TV adaptations of romantic adventure games produced by the Key game brand including 'Kanon,' 'Clannad' and 'Clannad After Story' at a rate of one animation per year.
- 天皇の譲位については古くは仏道専心説が有力であったが、近年では藤原氏からの政治的自由を確保するためとする説、一旦臣下から皇族に復帰して即位したためにこれに不満を抱く他の皇族の皇位要求の動きに先んじた説などがある(後述の『大鏡』の陽成上皇の発言はその暗示ともされる)。
- In the old days it was believed that Emperor Uda came to power due to his strict Buddhist belief; however, one recent theory says the reason was that dominant political control had been taken away from the Fujiwara clan, or that it was done to stop the complaints from the royal families after Emperor Uda came into power by coming back to the Imperial Family, although he had become an allegiant (as indicated by the retired Emperor Yozei in his remark in 'Okagami (The Great Mirror),' which is described below).
- 文明 (日本)年間(1469年 - 1486年)に池坊12世池坊専慶は立花(たてばな)の名手として知られ、天文 (元号)年間(1532年 - 1555年)には、池坊13世池坊専応が度々宮中に招かれて花を立て、また「池坊専応口伝」を著して立花の理論と技術を体系化した。
- From 1469 to 1486, the 12th of Ikenobo, Senkei IKENOBO, had a reputation as a tatebana (the traditional art of arranging flowers, literally meaning 'making flowers stand') master, and from 1532 to 1555, the 13th of Ikenobo, Seno IKENOBO, was frequently invited to the Imperial court to arrange flowers and he authored 'Ikenobo Seno Kuden' (the famous manuscript about ikebana) to organize the theories and techniques of tatebana.
- 塩専売法実施による塩価の急激な高騰は世論を喚起し、非難は少なくなく、明治39年以後議会ごとに廃止論議が行われたが、政府はこれを肯んじることなく、改善に努めるとともに大正7年ついに収益主義を事実上廃し、公益主義を採って需給調節と塩業保護を目的とするようになり非難はおさまった。
- The steep price rise of salt caused by the enactment of the Salt Monopoly Law evoked public opinions, inviting many criticisms, and after 1906, the possibility of abolition of the law was debated at each meeting of the Diet, but the government never accepted it but worked hard to improve the law and virtually abolished private profitalism in 1918, and, by adopting public profitalism, tried to adjust the balance of demand and supply and to protect the salt industry, and then the criticisms subsided.
- 現在、浄瑠璃音楽として残っているものは、義太夫節(丸本歌舞伎専用の義太夫を特に「竹本(チョボ)」と呼ぶことがある)、常磐津節、清元節、それに河東節、一中節、宮薗節(河東節、一中節、宮薗節に上方地歌の系統を引く荻江節を加えた4種を「古曲」と総称する)、新内節、富本節の8種である。
- Eight kinds of Joruri music are existent today, namely Gidayu-bushi (Gidayu specializing in Marumoto Kabuki is sometimes called 'Takemoto (Chobo)'), Tokiwazu-bushi, Kiyomoto-bushi, Kato-bushi, Icchu-bushi, Miyazono-bushi (Kato-bushi, Icchu-bushi, Miyazono-bushi and Hagie-bushi, which derived from Kamigata jiuta (a genre of traditional songs with shamisen accompaniment), are collectively called 'Kokyoku'), Shinnai-bushi and Tomimoto-bushi.
- 一部の百貨店や呉服店で販売されているに過ぎないが、近年ではインターネットの出現でインターネット通販を用いた褌製造販売専門業者などが生まれ、容易に購入できるようになり、ブリーフやトランクスしか知らない世代が「褌」を新鮮な下着として認識し始めたことで、新たな購買層となっているようだ。
- While Ecchu fundoshi are only sold at some of the department stores or the kimono shops, in recent years the advent of the Internet has brought about appearance of the companies that are devoted to manufacturing and selling fundoshi using Internet mail order and made it easy to buy them, and so the generation who had known only briefs and trunks seem to be turning into a new buyer group as a result of beginning to regard 'fundoshi' as a new undergarment.
- それによると「神道にあらず儒道にあらず仏道にあらず、神儒仏三道融和の道念にして、中古以降専ら武門に於て其著しきを見る。鉄太郎(鉄舟)これを名付けて武士道と云ふ」とあり、少なくとも山岡鉄舟の認識では、中世より存在したが、自分が名付けるまでは「武士道」とは呼ばれていなかったとしている。
- According to this, 'it is not Shinto, not Confucianism, not Buddhism, but the concept which mixes these three and since ancient and medieval times it has excelled only in military art; Tetsutaro (Tesshu YAMAOKA) called it bushido' and at least from the viewpoint of Tesshu YAMAOKA, it had existed since the medieval times but he said that it was not called 'bushido' until he named it.
- しかし三菱の独占と専横を快く思わない渋沢栄一や井上馨らが三菱に対抗できる海運会社の設立を画策、東京風帆船会社、北海道運輸会社、越中風帆船会社の三社が結集して1882年7月に共同運輸会社が発足した(越中風帆船会社については、反三菱勢力として設立されたのではなく三菱の画策によって設立されたもの)。
- However, Eichi SHIBUSAWA and Kaoru INOUE, who were not happy about the monopolization and tyranny of Mitsubishi, orchestrated to establish a marine transpiration company competitive with Mitusbushi, and establish Kydo Unyu Kaisha in July 1882, with the merger of three transportation companies, Tokyo Fuhansen Kaisha, Hokkaido Unyu Kaisha and Echu Fuhansen Kaisha (Echu Fuhansen Kaisha was not established as anti-Mitusbishi power but was planned by Mitusbishi).
- その様な中真宗大谷派の三河護法会はこの様な動きが他藩に波及することを恐れ、何度か協議を重ねた後まず宗規を破って請書を提出した西方寺と光輪寺を詰問するため、総監の碧海郡高取村専修坊星川法沢と幹事である同郡小川村(安城市)の蓮泉寺石川台嶺を中心に同年3月8日同郡矢作村暮戸に真宗僧侶の会合を開いた。
- Meanwhile, the Mikawa Goho (the defense of Buddhism) Association of Otani sect of Shinshu was afraid of spreading those movements into the other domains, therefore, the association held a meeting of Buddhist monks of Shinshu sect in Yahagi Village, Aomi County by Hotaku HOSHIKAWA, a Senju-bo (specialized monk) and a general office director, from Takatori Village, Aomi County and Tairei ISHIKAWA, a manager, from Rensen-ji Temple in Ogawa Village, Aomi County on March 8, 1871 in order to examine Saiho-ji Temple and Korin-ji Temple closely which submitted the letter of acknowledgement with the violation of the religious regulations after a series of conferences.
- 壇ノ浦の合戦後に届いた義経の専横を批判する梶原景時の書状を受けて、『吾妻鏡』は「自専ノ慮ヲサシハサミ、カツテ御旨ヲ守ラズ、ヒトヘニ雅意ニマカセ、自由ノ張行ヲイタスノ間、人々恨ミヲナスコト、景時ニ限ラズ(義経はその独断専行によって景時に限らず、人々(関東武士達)の恨みを買っている)」と書いている。
- Commenting on the criticism of Yoshitsune's dogmatic behavior that was written by Kagetoki KAJIWARA after the Battle of Dannoura, 'Azuma Kagami' wrote, 'Yoshitsune is incurring the hatred of not only Kagetoki, but also of those (warriors of the Kanto region) for his dogmatic and dictatorial behavior.'
- 昔(1980年代頃まで)は、官公庁の業務が開始される(仕事始め)1月4日以降に初売りを行う小売店が多かったが、24時間営業のコンビニエンスストアが増えた現在では、スーパーマーケットや専門店での元日の初売りも珍しくなくなり、元日に休業するほとんどの小売店も1月2日までに初売りを行うようになっている。
- Before (until 1980s), many retailers did 'Hatsuuri' on or after January 4, when government administration offices start work (Shigoto hajime); however, now, the number of 24-hour convenience stores has increased and 'Hatsuuri' of January 1 by supermarkets and specialty stores are not unusual, and so most retailers, which are closed on January 1, have come to do 'Hatsuuri' on January 2.
- この結果法学部教官は、解決案により要求が達成されたとして辞表を撤回した残留組(中島玉吉、末広重雄、牧健二など)と、辞表を撤回せず解決案を拒否した辞職組に分裂し、前記6教授以外に恒藤恭(のちの大阪市立大学初代学長)および田村徳治の教授2名、助教授5名、専任講師以下8名が辞職という形で事件は決着した。
- As a result, law faculty staff became divided into those who decided that their demands had been reached by the solution and retracted their resignations and stayed (Tamakichi NAKAJIMA, Shigeo SUEHIRO, Kenji MAKI, etc.), and those who resigned because they did not retract their resignations and refused the solution, who were the aforementioned six professors, two professors, Kyo TSUNETO (later the first president of Osaka Prefectural University) and Tokuji TAMURA, five associate professors and eight lecturers and the incident was concluded.
- 家康は、独断で物事を決するよりは、専ら評定を開いては家臣だけで議論をさせ、家臣たちが結論を出したところで決断をするところから、あくまでその議論のまとめ役や政策実行の代表者に過ぎない(部下の使い方がうまいという見方もある)、たまたま長生きしたために天下を取ることができた凡人に過ぎないとする意見もある。
- There exists the following opinion as well: Rather than determining things independently, Ieyasu held meetings and made his retainers discuss them, and made decisions after they reached conclusions, and therefore, he was only an organizer of discussions or the representative of policy-executing staffs (there is also a viewpoint that he was good at using subordinates), and he could unify the nation because he happened to live a long life and actually was only an ordinary person.
- 五部大乗経(法華経・華厳経・涅槃経・大集経・大品般若経)の写本作りに専念して、戦死者の供養と反省の証にと、完成した五つの写本を京の寺に収めてほしいと朝廷に差し出したところ、治天の君となっていた後白河天皇は「呪詛が込められているのではないか」と疑ってこれを拒否し、影響下にある朝廷は写本を送り返してきた。
- He focused on editing a manuscript book of the Five Mahayana Sutras (Hoke-kyo (the Saddharma Pundariks Sutra), Kegon-kyo (the Avatamska Sutra), Nehan-kyo, Daijik-kyo, Daibon hannya-kyo) and accordingly he sent copies of the five book to the Imperial Palace so that they would be kept in the palace temple, praying for people who had died in the war and with regret for what happened; however, the ex-emperor Goshirakawa, who held political power, refused this offer and said the book might have bad spirits, whereupon the palace, under his influence, sent the books back to Sutoku.
- 建武の新政は表面上は復古的であるが、内実は蒙古的な天皇専制を目指し、武家を排除した公家中心の政権運営を敷き、性急な改革、土地訴訟への対応の不備や恩賞の不公平、大内裏建設計画などその施策の大半が各方面、特に武士勢力の不満を呼び、また有名な二条河原の落書に観られるようにその無能を批判され、権威を全く失墜した。
- The Kenmu Restoration appeared to be a reactionary movement, but was in fact an old and ignorant imperial dictatorship, and most of the measures introduced, such as aristocracy-centered political management that excluded the samurai, sudden reforms, inability to handle lawsuits for land, inequality in rewards, and the unreasonable Daidairi Construction Plan, caused discontent in various sectors, especially in the samurai class. As a consequence, criticism of the government for its incompetency grew, as was evidenced in the famous Nijogawara Graffiti, and the government completely lost power over the public.
- 貞享2年の制によれば、全国に44.2万石の城米が備蓄され、江戸城・大坂城・二条城・駿府城と言った幕府直轄の城や譜代諸藩の城、東海道宿駅などの計68ヶ所に分散して備蓄されることになっており、また、延宝元年(1673年)には、幕府が民間の廻船を雇船して城米を指定の備蓄地へ輸送するための専用船(城米積船)とした。
- According to the system of 1685, 442,000 koku (approximately 79.6 million liters of crop yield) of jomai was stocked all over Japan, and it was dispersively stocked in totally 68 places such as castles in the bakufu directly-controlled lands or in fudai domains (the Edo-jo Castle, Osaka-jo Castle, Nijo-jo Castle, Sunpu-jo Castle) or shukueki (post town), and also, in 1673, the bakufu hired private cargo-vessels and used them as dedicated vessels (jomai sekisen) to carry jomai to specified places where jomai was stocked.
- また、上記のように、中華料理店などで出される汎用鶏ガラスープを使った、いわゆる「中華そば」をメニューに取り入れている店もあるが、その場合、他地域とは違い、別にラーメンというものが存在し、そちらが中心に添えられていることがほとんどであり、いわゆる「中華そば」を売りにしているラーメン専門店は、ほとんど存在しない。
- As described above, some stores feature the so-called 'Chinese noodles' and use general chicken bone broth as served in a Chinese restaurant or the like on their menu, in which case, unlike in other areas, the ramen is placed on a separate menu; very few stores feature the so-called 'Chinese noodle.'
- また、「専用の」装束などは着用せず、その状況に合った服装(町中では町人の格好、屋敷などに侵入する場合には使用人の格好)を用いており、黒装束については、歌舞伎などに登場させる際に黒子のように観客に対して「見えない存在であること」を表現したものが後に、現実にもそのような格好で活動していたと誤認されたとする説もある。
- They didn't wear 'exclusive' costume, but appropriately dressed for the situation (in the town, dressed like townspeople and when they broke into a residence, dressed like a servant), and there is a theory that people believed that ninja was wearing black costume because ninja in kabuki was described as 'invisible presence' like kuroko (stage assistants dressed in black).
- 国債・合邦・自主・戦利・特権・平時・民主・盟邦・野蛮・越権・海峡・各処・過大・慣行・管制・急行・強制・共用・協力・君権・現今・現在・合法・公約・誤解・国会・私権・実権・実務・首位・主権・上告・商事・聖書・専権・全国・戦時・戦前・船内・全廃・属地・奪回・直行・特約・突然・物件・砲弾・某国・例外・聯邦・権利etc。
- nation debt, annexation, independence, prize of war, special privilege, time of peace, democratic, allied power, barbarian, exceeding one's authority, strait, in every, excessive, traditional practice, system of government, express, compulsion, common, cooperation, right of ruler, present, present, lawful, pledge, misunderstanding, national assembly, private, real power, practical business affairs, first place, sovereignty, final appeal, business affairs, bible, exclusive prerogative, whole country, wartime, prewar, on boat, total abolition, appurtenant land, recapture, direct, special contract, sudden, article, cannonball, certain country, exception, federation, right etc.
- その一方で、鎌倉時代初期に書かれた道長の6代目の子孫にあたる慈円の著した『愚管抄』によれば、天皇の死後道長は天皇の遺品の中に一通の手紙を発見し、その中には「三光明ならんと欲し、重雲を覆ひて大精暗し」と書かれていて、これを「道長の専横によって国は乱れている」という意味に解した道長はその文を焼き捨てたという一件がある。
- On the other hand, according to 'Gukan-sho,' which was written early in the Kamakura period by Jien, who was Michinaga's sixth descendent, Michinaga found a letter in the Emperor's mementos saying that 'one person tried to have all the power to himself, therefore the world is covered by clouds and people are unhappy'; Michinaga burned this letter, since he took it as saying, 'Because of Michinaga's own way of ruling the government, the world is not in peace.'
- すなわち、明治初期、唯一の高等教育機関(大学)であった東京大学(法学部・文学部・理学部・医学部4学部で構成)において、政治学の専攻部門は「政治学理財学科」として経済学とともに文学部に管轄されていたが、1885年12月法学部に移管、さらに翌1886年3月の帝国大学令公布により東京大学法学部の「政治学科」として改編された。
- That is to say, in the University of Tokyo (it was consisted of 4 faculties: Faculty of Law, Faculty of Letters, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Medicine) that was the only higher education institution in early Meiji period, major course of political science was under the control of Faculty of Letters together with economic science as 'Department of Political Economy, Political Science', but it was transferred to Faculty of Law in December 1885, and reformed into 'Department of Political Science' of the Faculty of Law at the University of Tokyo under the Imperial University Ordinance promulgated in March 1886.
- ところが途中の弘長二年(1262年)九月、同院の勅宣により反御子左派の先鋒に立つ九条内大臣基家(1203-1280)・衣笠家良(1192-1264)・六条行家(1223-1275)・真観こと葉室光俊(1203-1276)の四名が新しく撰者として加わり、憤懣やるかたない為家は以後、専ら嫡男藤原為氏に編纂工作を任せたという。
- However, in October and November 1262, the Emperor also ordered Inner Minister Motoie KUJO (1203-1280), Ieyoshi KINUGASA (1192-1264), Yukiie ROKUJO (1223-1275), and Mitsutoshi HAMURO, aka. Shinkan (1203-1276), who were against the Mikohidari, to join as anthologists, so Tameie, resenting the decision, had his oldest son FUJIWARA no Tameuji continue the compiling work instead.
- 国家権限の委譲とこれによる中央集権の過大な負担の軽減により、中央政界では政治が安定し、官職が特定の家業を担う家系に世襲される家職化が進み、貴族の最上位では摂関家が確立し、中流貴族に固定した階層は中央においては家業の専門技能によって公務を担う技能官人として行政実務を、地方においては受領となって地方行政を担った(平安貴族)。
- The transmission of governmental power and authority reduced the burden of the government, which enabled political stabilization of the central government, and facilitated the transfer of government posts according to heredity: among the aristocracy, the highest became Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents), the middle-class carried out administrative affairs based on the specialized skills related with their family businesses in the central government and carried out administration as Zuryo in the local regions (Nobles in the Heian period).
- 特に重要な作品として、安永6年(1777年)4月大坂中の芝居で上演された歌舞伎「伽羅先代萩」(奈河亀輔ほか作)と、翌安永7年(1778年)7月江戸中村座で上演された歌舞伎「伊達競阿国戯場」(桜田治助・笠縫専助合作)、さらに天明5年(1785年)江戸結城座で上演された人形浄瑠璃「伽羅先代萩」(松貫四ほか作)の3作が挙げられる。
- There were three particularly important plays among them: a Kabuki play 'Meiboku Sendai Hagi' (written by Kamesuke NAGAWA and others) performed during April 1777 at Naka no Shibai (the Naka-za Theater) in Osaka, Kabuki play 'Date Kurabe Okuni Kabuki' (Competition of the Date Clan in Okuni Kabuki) (written by a collaboration of Jisuke SAKURADA and Sensuke KASANUI) performed during July 1778 at the Nakamura-za Theater in Edo, and Ningyo Joruri play 'Meiboku Sendai Hagi' (written by Kanshi MATSU and others) performed during 1785 at the Yuki-za Theater in Edo.
- 後世、大学別曹を「私立学校」とする見解(重野安譯「本邦古来教育ノ大概」など)が出されたが、大学別曹に専門の教員が置かれて講義がなされたという記録はなく、また当時において私立学校に相当するものは、大学寮の教員や著名な学者が教員の自宅で講義を行った一種の「私塾」であったと想定できる(例菅原氏の菅家廊下)ために、この見解は成り立たない。
- Although later, in the Meiji period, the remark that Daigaku-besso were 'private schools' was published in Yasutsugu SHIGENO's 'Honpo Korai Kyoiku no Taigai' (Overview of the Education of Ancient Japan), this is not borne out by the facts, because there is no record that Daigaku-besso had specialist teachers to give lectures, and at that time there were kinds of 'shijuku' (private tutoring schools at teachers' homes) that corresponded to private schools, where teachers in the Daigaku-ryo or reputed scholars provided lectures (example: Kanke Roka School of the Sugawara clan).
- 代表的な人物としては、千宗旦・金森宗和・小堀遠州の茶道、後水尾天皇・池坊専好の生け花、安楽庵策伝・三浦為春・松永貞徳・烏丸光広などの文学、石川丈山・林羅山・堀正意の儒学、沢庵宗彭・一糸文守・鈴木正三の禅、近衛信尹・松花堂昭乗・本阿弥光悦の寛永の三筆、角倉素庵・近衛信尋の書、俵屋宗達・狩野探幽の絵画、野々村仁清の陶芸などが挙げられる。
- Famous persons are SEN no Sotan/Sowa KANAMORI/Enshu KOBOI of tea ceremony, the Emperor Gomizunoo/Senko IKENOBO of flower arrangement, Sakuden ANRAKUAN/Tameharu MIURA/Teitoku MATSUNAGA/Mitsuhiro KARASUMARU of literature, Jozan ISHIKAWA/Razan HAYASHI/Seii HORI of Confucianism study, Soho TAKUAN/Monju ISSHI/Shosan SUZUKI of Zen, Nobutada KONOE/Shojo SHOKADO/Koetsu HONNAMI of Kanei no sanpitsu (the three masters of calligraphy in Kanei era), Soan SUMINOKURA/Nobuhiro KONOE of calligraphy, Sotatsu TAWARAYA/Tanyu KANO of paintings and Ninsei NONOMURA of ceramic art.
- 各地の戦国大名に対抗して教団の統率力を高めた事は評価されるものの、後に驕りから顕証寺と布教地域が重複していた教団内の有力寺院である堅田本福寺_(大津市)に3度(1518年・1527年・1532年)も無実の罪を着せて破門するなどの専横を見せるようになった(破門は本来法主にしか許されていなかったが、蓮淳は証如の後見人としての職務代行を利用して破門を行った)。
- While his efforts in enhancing the religious community's leadership against Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in various places were appreciated, Renjun later turned tyrannical out of arrogance, falsely charging and excommunicating three times (in 1518, 1527 and 1532) Katada Honpuku-ji Temple (Otsu City), which was an influential temple within the religious community and had fields of propagation overlapping those of Kensho-ji Temple (originally only the head of the sect was allowed to pronounce excommunication, but Renjun took advantage of the vicarious execution of duties as the guardian of Shonyo and thus pronounced excommunication).
- 一般に知られている内藤の発言としては、「一体他流試合と申すもので、一寸も私の専門に関係のないことであります」といういささか挑発的な前置きで始まる講演「応仁の乱に就て」で示した「大体今日の日本を知る爲に日本の歴史を研究するには、古代の歴史を研究する必要は殆(ほとん)どありませぬ、応仁の乱以後の歴史を知つて居つたらそれで沢山(たくさん)です」という発言がある。
- Naito's statement known to the public was as follows; you do not have to study ancient times, and all you have to know about Japanese history is the history after the Onin War, which statement was given in the lecture titled 'A Study on the Onin War'; in the beginning of the lecture, Naito made such a somewhat challenging comment; 'this lecture should be regarded as Taryujiai (contest between different schools) and it is far from my speciality.'
- 以降は、戦前期に戸野琢磨は専門雑誌に2度に渡って特集を組んで紹介に努め、戦後は例えば丹下健三が1959年に香川県庁舎の石庭を生み出し、彫刻家イサム・ノグチも1956年から1959年にかけて作庭したパリ・ユネスコ会館の庭園や1961年から1964年にかけて作庭したチェイスマンハッタン銀行中庭、カルフォルニア・シナリオなど、枯山水形式を採り入れた庭を生み出している。
- During the prewar days, Takuma TONO twice tried to introduce special issues in a journal of landscape gardening, after the war, for instance in 1959, Kenzo TANGE created a rock garden in the Kagawa Prefecture Public Office Building, and the sculptor Isamu NOGUCHI also created a garden inside the Paris UNESCO Hall from 1956 to 1959, a courtyard inside the Chase Manhattan Bank from 1961 to 1964, California Scenario and others using the dry landscape style.
- やがて応仁の乱(1467年-1477年)が起こり、当時越前国にあった本願寺の根拠吉崎御坊の北、加賀国で東軍・西軍に分かれての内乱が生じると、専修寺派の門徒が西軍に与した富樫幸千代に味方したのに対し、本願寺派の門徒は越前の大名朝倉孝景 (7代当主)の仲介で、文明6年(1474年)、加賀を追い出された前守護で幸千代の兄である東軍の富樫政親に味方して幸千代を追い出した(つまり、加賀の一向一揆は、最初は真宗内の勢力争いでもあった)。
- Later, when the Onin War (1467-1477) broke out and an internal conflict occurred between East and West squads in Kaga Province, north of Yoshizaki Gobo, as the base of Hongan-ji Temple at that time in Echizen Province, the Monto of Senshu-ji School took the side of Kochiyo TOGASHI who took part in the West squad, while the Monto of Honganji School, through the assistance of Takakage ASAKURA, the Daimyo of Echizen (the 7th chief), took the side of Masachika TOGASHI, Kochiyo's brother and a former Shugo deported from Kaga, who belonged to East squad, and deported Kochiyo in 1474. (In other words, Ikko-Ikki in Kaga was started as a power struggle inside Shinshu)
- 従って、後白河法皇が自己の政権維持のために平氏を利用して、高い官職を与え知行国を増やさせてきたという経緯や当時の社会問題に対する貴族社会の対応能力の無さという点には触れず、清盛と平氏一門がいかに専横を振るい、「驕れる者」であったかを強調している(だが、実際には少なくても治承3年以前における平氏の権力は後白河との強い関係の下で行使されたものが大半であり、その段階において清盛及び平氏一門が独裁的権力を有していたという具体的な事実は存在していない)。
- Therefore, they do not mention that the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa used the Taira clan to maintain his government by giving them high positions and increasing the number of provinces that they were custodians of, and the inability of the aristocracy at that time to deal with the social problems that they faced, but instead emphasize the arrogant behavior of Kiyomori and the Taira clan members (whereas in reality, at least up to 1179, the authority of the Taira clan was mostly due to the strong relationship with Goshirakawa and there is no specific evidence that Kiyomori or the Taira clan members had any dictatorial powers).
- 大隈の大蔵卿在任時期は1873年10月25日 ‐ 1880年2月28日であるが、実際には1869年8月15日(旧暦明治2年7月8日 (旧暦))に近代大蔵省創立とともに大蔵大輔に就任して以来事実上の大蔵省の最高責任者であり、大蔵卿退任も伊藤博文が進めた「参議・省卿分離案」によって参議専念の合意が成立したこと(後任大蔵卿佐野常民は大隈直系)によるもので、実際には1881年10月11日の御前会議による参議免官(明治14年の政変)まで大蔵省及び日本財政の責任者であった。
- Okuma served as the Minister of the Treasury from October 25, 1873 to February 28, 1880, but he had effectively been the highest officer of the Ministry of Treasury since he assumed the post of senior assistant minister of the Ministry of Treasury upon the launch of the modern Ministry of Treasury on August 15, 1869, therefore he continued to be in charge of the Ministry of Treasury and the Japanese financial policy until he was dismissed as the councilor during a conference in the presence of the Emperor on October 11, 1881 (Political Change of 1881), however his resignation as the Minister of the Treasury was because an agreement to serve exclusively as a councilor was reached by 'Proposal to Separate Councilor and Minister' promoted by Hirobumi ITO (a successor Minister of the Treasury was Tsunetami SANO, Okuma's direct subordinate).
- 信三郎は、「第2の遺言書」の作成時点では既に脳梗塞のために要介護状態で書くのが困難であった事、「第1の遺言書」が巻紙に毛筆で書いて実印を捺印しているのに対して、「第2の遺言書」が便箋にボールペンで書かれていること(但し、法律上は用紙は関係ない)、捺印している印鑑が「一澤」ではなく信太郎の登記上の名字「一沢」になっていることから、当時社長だった三男・信三郎は信太郎が保有する「第2の遺言書」の無効確認を求め提訴する(故・信夫の弟で、当時専務であった元社長・恒三郎も同様の疑問を投げかけている)。
- The third son Shinzaburo (then president) filed a suit seeking reversal of the 'second will' which Shintaro owned, based on that: at the time of creating the 'second will,' Nobuo, who suffered a stroke, did not have the capacity to draw up a will while under conditions requiring nursing care; in contrast to the 'first will' written with a brush on rolled paper with a registered seal, the 'second will' was written with a ballpoint pen on letter paper (note that the form of paper is not a legal issue); and the seal placed on the second will was not 'Ichizawa (一澤),' but 'Ichizawa (一沢)' which was the registered family name of Shintaro (Tsunesaburo (the former president, then executive director), the younger brother of the late Nobuo, also made the same argument).
- 翌年、教学面での協力を京都帝国大学教授だった織田萬、井上密、岡松参太郎らから得るとともに、学校設立事務については、西田由(朝日生命株式会社 専務取締役)、橋本篤(大同生命保険株式会社 初代支配人)、山下好直(京都府議会議員)、河原林樫一郎(東洋レーヨン 常務取締役)、羽室亀太郎(京津電車 支配人)らの協力を得て、また設立賛助員として京都政財界の大物(内貴仁三郎、浜岡光哲、田中源太郎、中村栄助、雨森菊太郎、高木文平、河原林義男)の力を借り、京都法政学校設立事務所を朝日生命保険株式会社の一角に設置した。
- The next year, he set up a preparatory office for to establish Kyoto Hosei School within the building of Asahi Life Insurance Company, and received cooperation in educational affairs from ex-professors at Kyoto Imperial University, Yorozu ODA, Hisoka INOUE, and Santaro OKAMATSU among others, cooperation in office procedure to establish the school from Yoshi NISHIDA (Senior managing director, Asahi Life Insurance Company), Atsushi Hashimoto (Directing manager, Daido Life Insurance Company), Yoshinao YAMASHITA (Member of Kyoto Prefectural Assembly), Kashiichiro KAWARABAYASHI (Executive director, Toyo Rayon Co., Ltd.), and Kametaro HAMURO (Directing manager, Keishin Densha (Keishin Electric Tramway), among others, and also received support from prominent figures in the Kyoto business circle (Ninsaburo UCHINUKI, Kotetsu HAMAOKA, Gentaro TANAKA, Eisuke NAKAMURA, Kikutaro AMEMORI, Bunpei TAKAGI, and Yoshio KAWARABAYASHI) as patronage members.
- The next year he obtained teaching support from former professors of Kyoto Imperial University, Yorozu ODA, Hisoka INOUE, Santaro OKAMATSU, as well as Yui Nishida (executive director of the Asahi Seimei Company), Atsushi HASHIMOTO (the first president of Daido Seimei Insurance Company), Yoshinao YAMASHITA (member of the Kyoto Metropolitan Assembly), Kashiichiro KAWARABAYASHI (executive director of Toyo Rayon (Toray)), Kametaro HAMURO (general manager of Keishin Densha) had supported in terms of management for the establishment of the school. Other important people from the realm of Kyoto financial affairs lent their assistance to the school's establishment, including Jinzaburo NAIKI, Koutetsu HAMAOKA, Gentaro TANAKA, Eisuke NAKAMURA, Kikutaro AMEMORI, Bunpei TAKAGI, Yoshio KAWARABAYASHI), and with the help of these people he established the office of Kyoto Hosei School in a corner of the Asahi Seimei Insurance Company.
- 玉川堂五代目田村綱造の『楽水紙製造起源及び沿革』によると、「和製唐紙の原料及び労力の多きに比し、支邦製唐紙の安価なると、西洋紙の使途ますます多きに圧され、この製唐紙業の永く継続し得べからざるより、ここに明治初年大いに意匠工夫を凝らしし結果、この楽水紙といふ紙を製することを案出し、今は玉川も名のみにて、鳥が鳴く東の京の北の端なる水鳥の巣鴨の村に一つの製紙場を構え、日々この紙を漉くことをもて専業とするに至れり。もっとも此の紙は全く余が考案せしものにはあらず、その源は先代(田村佐吉)に萌し、余がこれを大成せしものなれば、先代号を楽水といへるより、これをそのまま取りて楽水紙と名ずける。」とある。
- According to the 'the origin and the history of rakusui-shi production' written by Kozo TAMURA, the fifth head of the Tamagawa-do Store, 'While domestic Chinese paper production requires a large amount of materials and labor, Chinese paper made in China is cheaper. In addition, the usage of Western paper is increasing more and more, which can interfere with continuing this domestic Chinese paper production over a long period. Thus, this 'rakusui-shi' paper was invented as a result of tremendous trials of designs and ideas during the first year of the Meiji period (1868). Now, 'Tamagawa' is only valid as a store name, and a paper mill has been operated in Sugamo village, named after a waterfowl, which is located in the north end of Tokyo where birds sing. We have produced this paper every day as our principal occupation. This paper, however, was not completely invented by myself. The original idea was hit upon by the previous head (Sakichi TAMURA) and I completed it. Because his pseudonym was 'Rakusui,' I named this paper as 'rakusui-shi' after him.'