宗教: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 宗教
- religion
- Soukyou
- Munenori
- religious
- Religious Acts
- Religion in the Kamakura period
- Religions
- Religion topics
- 宗教書
- Religious book
- Religious literature
- 無宗教
- secular
- without (official) religion
- No religion
- Irreligion
- 大宗教
- major religion
- great religion
- 新宗教
- new religion
- New religious movement
- New religious movements
- 宗教熱
- religious fervour
- religious enthusiasm
- 宗教法
- religious law
- Church and state law
- 宗教学
- the study or science of religion
- religious studies
- Study of religion
- 宗教家
- religionist
- Religious leaders
- 宗教画
- religious painting or picture
- 宗教劇
- religious drama
- miracle play
- 宗教史
- religious history
- history of religion
- 宗教家へ
- Becoming a person of religion
- 世界宗教
- world religion (i.e. Christianity, Buddhism, Islam)
- Major religious groups
- 宗教問題
- religious issue
- religious problem
- religious question
- 宗教法人
- religious organization
- religious organisation
- nonprofit religious corporation
- 宗教哲学
- philosophy of religion
- 宗教改革
- the Reformation
- Protestant Reformation
- 宗教音楽
- religious music
- sacred music
- Liturgical music
- Church music
- 自然宗教
- primitive religion
- natural religion
- 宗教芸術
- sacred art
- religious art
- 宗教団体
- religious group
- Religious denomination
- Religious organizations
- 宗教対立
- religious opposition
- religious conflict
- religious antagonism
- 宗教差別
- religious discrimination
- 宗教用具
- Instruments for religious uses
- Religious objects
- 宗教施設
- Religious facilities
- Religious buildings
- 原始宗教
- primitive religion
- Prehistoric religion
- 文化・宗教
- Culture and religion
- 日本の宗教
- Religions of Japan
- Religion in Japan
- 宗教・思想
- Religious and philosophical developments
- 宗教学専修
- Department of Religious Studies
- 家康と宗教
- Ieyasu and religion
- 反宗教改革
- Counter-Reformation
- 宗教裁判所
- ecclesiastical courts
- 宗教勧誘員
- door-to-door solicitor
- door-to-door preacher
- 宗教その他
- race, sex, religion, or whatever
- 弓矢と宗教
- Yumiya and religion
- 文化・宗教史
- Culture and religious history
- 宗教哲学骸骨
- Shukyo Tetsugaku Gaikotsu
- 日本宗教連盟
- Japanese Association of Religious Organizations
- 日本宗教学会
- Japanese Association for Religious Studies
- 宗教的独立性
- religious independence
- 宗教的倫理感
- one's religious scruple
- 宗教と文化史
- Religion and cultural history
- 日本人の宗教観
- Religious idea of Japanese people
- 宗教法人鞍馬寺
- Kurama-dera Temple, a religious corporation
- 宗教的な放鳥。
- Hocho for religious reasons.
- その他の宗教の祭
- Other religious matsuri
- 宗教法人大本本部
- Oomoto (Omoto) Headquarters
- 浄土真宗系新宗教
- New religions related to Jodo Shinshu
- 世界自由宗教連盟
- International Association for Religious Freedom
- 宗教に関する事項
- Matters pertaining to religious activities;
- 宗教上の儀式行事
- Religious ceremonies
- 宗教要員等の行為
- Actions of Chaplains, etc.
- 宗教行事である。
- It is an esoteric Buddhism festival.
- 天道 (新宗教)。
- Tendo (new religion).
- 世界宗教者平和会議
- World Conference of Religions for Peace
- 国際宗教の自由協会
- International Association for Religious Freedom
- 宗教的な面が強い。
- It has a strong religious character.
- 宗教(祭礼・儀式)
- Religion (rites and festivals, and ceremonies)
- 蓮の葉の意味と宗教
- Meaning of the lotus leaf and religion
- 各宗教における悟り
- Enlightment in various religions
- ある宗教集団の教義
- the doctrine of a religious group
- 宗教的静想の参与者
- a participant in a religious retreat
- 王立宗教間対話研究所
- Royal Institute for Inter-Faith Studies
- 法華系新興宗教の解釈
- Interpretation by the new religious sects belonging to the Hokke group
- 新日本宗教団体連合会
- Federation of New Religious Organizations in Japan
- 自ら行う宗教上の行為
- Individual Religious Acts
- 一人で行う宗教上の行為
- Individual Religious Acts
- 高野山宗教舞踊会総司所
- Administration Office of Koyasan Religious Buyo dance (dance to the rhythm of Goeika)
- 織物のチベットの宗教画
- a Tibetan religious painting on fabric
- 宗教体制で共に暮らす人
- a member of a religious order living in common
- 宗教上の意味を持つ儀式
- a ceremony having religious meaning
- 現代日本における宗教団体
- Religious organizations in contemporary Japan
- アジア宗教文化情報研究所
- Research and Information Center for Asian Religious Culture of Bukkyo University
- 専攻は宗教哲学であった。
- His major was the Philosophy of Religion.
- 『宗教哲学』(岩波書店)
- 'Philosophy of Religion' (Iwanami Shoten)
- 社寺、教会などの宗教建築
- Religious structures, such as temples, shrines, and churches
- 真宗十派(真宗教団連合)
- Shinshu Jippa (Shinshu Kyodan Rengo)
- 真如苑 - 新宗教か否か
- Shinnyoen Buddhist: Whether it is a new religion or not
- 宗教上の行為に関する事項
- Matters pertaining to religious acts;
- 宗教上の儀式行事及び教誨
- Religious Ceremonies and Teachings
- 特に尼僧の為の宗教的住居
- a religious residence especially for nuns
- および同宗教における理念。
- And the philosophy of the religion.
- 世界宗教者平和会議名誉総裁
- The Honorary President of the World Conference of Religions for Peace
- 行列で使われる宗教的な音楽
- religious music used in a procession
- 宗教生活の形態としての禁欲
- asceticism as a form of religious life
- 大学院では、宗教哲学を専攻。
- He specialized in religious philosophy at graduate school.
- 『宗教哲学序論』(岩波書店)
- 'Introductory Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion' (Iwanami Shoten)
- ペンテコステ派宗教団体の一員
- any member of a Pentecostal religious body
- 厳しい宗教的教義を固く守る人
- someone who adheres to strict religious principles
- 天皇の宗教的権威も高められた。
- The religious power of the emperor was also increased.
- 1907年 宗教大学分校となる
- 1907: It became the Religious University, Extension Campus.
- 京都・宗教系大学院連合に加盟。
- Affiliated with the Kyoto Graduate Union of Religious Studies.
- 2007年2月、宗教法人設立。
- Founded as a religious corporation in February in 2007.
- のち単立の宗教法人として独立。
- Later became an independent religious corporation.
- 憲法が定める宗教と国家との分離
- constitutional separation of church and state
- 宗教 (第四十条―第四十二条)
- Religious Acts (Article 40 to Article 42)
- - 東京大学文学部宗教学科卒業
- Graduated from the religious studies program at the University of Tokyo Literature department
- 宗教的な式典として聖油を塗る人
- one who anoints as a religious ceremony
- 良心的・宗教的な行為を行うこと
- performance of moral or religious acts
- 宗教的礼拝を行う権威を有する人
- a person authorized to conduct religious worship
- 人間・科学・宗教総合研究センター
- Comprehensive Research Center for Humanities, Science, and Religion
- 佛教大学アジア宗教文化情報研究所
- Research and Information Center for Asian Religious Culture of Bukkyo University
- 文人・宗教人として京で暮らした。
- He lived as a writer and a religious person in the capital.
- 自分とは違う宗教の信者と結婚する
- marry out of ~
- 宗教上の行為の補助等に関する業務
- Work pertaining to assistance in religious actions
- より大きな宗教グループの下位区分
- a subdivision of a larger religious group
- アフリカ起源のカルト宗教の支持者
- followers of a religious cult of African origin
- 宗教規則の下で生きる人のグループ
- a group of person living under a religious rule
- キリスト教徒のための宗教上の休日
- a religious holiday for Christians
- 特定の宗教に依存しない葬儀もある。
- Some funeral ceremonies are independent of any specific religion.
- 仏教は元来、三宝を尊ぶ宗教である。
- Traditionally, Buddhism worships Sanpo.
- 宗教、派閥、または主義に忠実でない
- not faithful to religion or party or cause
- 聖職位を授けられた宗教実務家の団体
- the body of ordained religious practitioners
- 宗教的行事のために指定されている日
- a day specified for religious observance
- 宗教儀式を行うための規定された手順
- the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies
- 宗教法人としての公称は文殊院である。
- The official name as a religious corporation is Monju-in.
- 日本の宗教にも大きな影響を及ぼした。
- It also had a significant impact on religions in Japan.
- 直接の設置者は学校法人浄土宗教育資団。
- The founding director is the Jodo-shu Educational Group of the Educational Foundation.
- 京都・宗教系大学院連合(K-GURS)
- Kyoto Graduate Union of Religious Studies
- 魔法とアニミズムの神を伴う宗教の信奉者
- followers of a religion that involves witchcraft and animistic deities
- 正統派ヒンドゥー教の宗教的・社会的制度
- the religious and social system of orthodox Hinduism
- 前兆を読み取り国政を誘導した宗教的官吏
- a religious official who interpreted omens to guide public policy
- 大村英昭(宗教学者)「我他彼此二仏中間」
- Hideaki OMURA (religious scholar) 'Gatahishi Nibutsuchugen'
- 宗教法人としての登録名も「岡寺」である。
- The registered name as a religious corporation is also 'Oka-dera Temple.'
- 類似の観念は他の宗教や民間信仰にもある。
- There are similar notions in other religions or folk beliefs.
- 1972年、真宗大谷派真宗教学研究所長。
- In 1972, he was appointed as the director of the institute for Shinshu sect religious doctrines of Otani school of Shinshu sect.
- - 出家者が起居し宗教的儀式を行う施設。
- This is a facility where renunciant monks live and perform religious rites.
- 密儀宗教(みつぎしゅうきょう)とも言う。
- It is also called Mitsugi Shukyo (密儀宗教).
- キリストの生誕を祝う喜びに満ちた宗教的歌
- joyful religious song celebrating the birth of Christ
- 証明なしに真であると宣言される宗教の教義
- a religious doctrine that is proclaimed as true without proof
- 宗教集団により神聖と見なされる著作の総称
- any writing that is regarded as sacred by a religious group
- 道教は漢民族の土着的・伝統的な宗教である。
- Dokyo(道教) is a traditional indigenous religion of the Han race.
- 宗教法人大本本部が亀山城跡に置かれている。
- The spiritual center of the religious corporation Omoto was built on the ruins of Kameyama-jo Castle.
- 哲学科(西洋哲学・倫理学・宗教学・教育学)
- The Department of Philosophy (Western Philosophy, Ethics, Philosophy of Religion and Educational Studies)
- そのことが浄土真宗教団に繋がったと言える。
- It can be said that such activities by her led to the establishment of a religious community within the Jodo Shinshu sect.
- 第一項の規定は、宗教要員について準用する。
- The provision of paragraph (1) shall apply mutatis mutandis to chaplains.
- 念仏(信心)重視の真宗教団の性格が伺える。
- From the above, we can infer the characteristics of Jodo Shinshu Sect which emphasizes nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) (faith).
- 宗教上の行為、儀式行事及び教誨に関する事項
- Matters pertaining to religious acts, religious ceremonies and teachings;
- 雅楽器を用いた宗教音楽、祭典楽などがある。
- Gagaku instruments are used in the music of religious rites and festivities.
- 真言系新宗教の行う海外での柴(斉)燈護摩供
- Saitogoma ceremonies held overseas by the Shingonshu-related new religion
- 宗教によって規定されている、確立された儀式
- an established ceremony prescribed by a religion
- イスラム教のWワッハーブ派の宗教に賛同する
- subscribes to the Wahhabi creed of Islam
- 宗教上の儀式や祈祷(通常静かに唱えられる)
- religious observance or prayers (usually spoken silently)
- 人間・科学・宗教オープン・リサーチ・センター
- Open Research Center for Humanities, Science, and Religion
- 宗教センターをキリスト教文化センターへ改称。
- Religion Center was renamed Center for Christian Culture.
- 1935年(昭和10年):『宗教哲学』出版。
- 1935: He published 'Philosophy of Religion.'
- この点が、宗教者としての親鸞の独自性である。
- It shows his distinctiveness as a person of religion.
- インドのアーシュラマをまねた宗教的な隠棲の地
- a place of religious retreat modeled after the Indian ashram
- 単立(たんりつ)は、単立宗教団体のことである。
- The term 'Tanritsu' refers to Tanritsu Shukyo Dantai (an independent religious organization).
- ここでは、前者の宗教的観点からの巡礼を述べる。
- Here we discuss pilgrimages according to the first definition.
- 元々の竹内文書は、同宗教団体と直接関係はない。
- Originally, Takeuchi monjo had no direct relationship with the religious organization.
- 宗教に対しては寛容な政策をとっていたとされる。
- He was known to be tolerant of religion in his policy.
- 宗教空間、寺院建築に関する研究論文を多数発表。
- He has presented many papers on religious space and temple architecture.
- 専攻は、環境デザイン・宗教空間・景観論と設計。
- He majors in environmental design, religious space, landscape, and planning.
- 武力攻撃事態における衛生要員及び宗教要員の送還
- Repatriation of medical personnel and chaplains in armed attack situations
- 第二百五条に規定する宗教上の行為の禁止又は制限
- Prohibition of or restriction on religious acts prescribed in Article 205;
- 第六十七条に規定する宗教上の行為の禁止又は制限
- Prohibition of or restriction on religious acts prescribed in Article 67;
- 宗教改革の主な反対者(1491年−1556年)
- a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556)
- ヒンドゥー教の宗教的舞踊の儀式的な手の動かし方
- ritual hand movement in Hindu religious dancing
- 今日では宗教上の儀式でシナゴーグで使われている
- used in synagogues today on solemn occasions
- 人種、性別、階級または宗教によって切り離される
- separated according to race, sex, class, or religion
- 共通の民族、文化、宗教的な特徴を持つ人々の集団
- a group of people living in a particular local area
- 宗教的宇宙観に基づく諸民族の世界連邦を提唱した。
- He advocated the world confederation of various ethnic groups based on the religious view of the universe.
- その原因として当時の宗教行政の混乱が挙げられる。
- The reason for this can be found in the confusion over administration of religions.
- 荒木重雄(アジア学者)「60億人の宗教トレンド」
- Shigeo ARAKI (scholar of Asia Studies) 'Religious trend of six billion people'
- よって、これが大友家臣団の宗教対立に結びついた。
- This led to a religious conflict between the vassals of the Otomo family.
- 1940年(昭和15年):『宗教哲学序論』出版。
- 1940: He published 'Introductory Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion.'
- 宗教法人全体でも、神社本庁についで2番目に多い。
- Among religious corporations as a whole, it is the second largest after Jinja-Honcho, the Association of Shinto Shrines.
- その意味であらゆる宗教と対立関係にあるといえる。
- In that sense the Nichiren Shoshu Sect is against other religions.
- 翌年に宗教法人格を取得し、浄土真宗親鸞会と改称。
- In the following year, the group became a religious corporation and changed its name to Jodo Shin Sect Shinrankai.
- 宗教上の悟りは迷妄を去った真理やその取得を言う。
- Religious enlightenment means Shinri, which is the obtainment of truth or the opposite of illusion.
- 1952年(昭和27年)9月3日に宗教法人認証。
- It became certified as a religious corporation on September 3, 1952.
- 一つの宗教だけを特別扱いしないための配慮である。
- As a result, consideration was given not to give special treatment to one particular religion.
- 思想哲学や宗教の中には、内道と外道に区別される。
- Ideas, philosophies, and religions are distinguished into Naido and Gedo.
- 魔法と妖術を伴う、アフリカを起源とする宗教的信仰
- a religious belief of African origin involving witchcraft and sorcery
- 貧困と貞節と服従の誓いに束縛された宗教体制の一員
- a member of a religious order who is bound by vows of poverty and chastity and obedience
- 宗教の伝道に関連するか、またはつながりがあるさま
- relating to or connected to a religious mission
- 宗教的、または医学的理由などで特定の食物を控える
- abstain from certain foods, as for religious or medical reasons
- シーク教徒の宗教の最初の10人の指導者のそれぞれ
- each of the first ten leaders of the Sikh religion
- 明治以降各宗教の聖地へ行く事をこの言葉に翻訳した。
- After the Meiji period, this word was used as the translated term for visiting holy places of various religions.
- 豚や牛などから作られた膠は宗教上大きな問題がある。
- Animal glue made from pigs and cows can be a serious religious issue.
- 声新聞各誌の仏教・宗教に関する投稿を転載したもの。
- 'Voice' reprints contributed articles concerning Buddhism and religion from other newspapers and magazines.
- 宗教専門紙「中外日報」の創始者真渓涙骨の墓がある。
- Contains the tomb of Ruikotsu MATANI, founder of the religious publication 'Chugai Nippo.'
- また、東京都からも宗教法人として認可されなかった。
- The Tokyo Metropolitan Government also would not approve it as a religious corporation.
- 時頼は質素かつ堅実で、宗教心にも厚い人物であった。
- Tokiyori has been characterized as frugal, down-to-earth and religious.
- 1993年、保田妙本寺は単立の宗教法人として独立。
- In 1993, Hota Myohon-ji Temple became an independent religious corporation.
- 第二百五十七条に規定する宗教上の行為の禁止又は制限
- Prohibition of or restriction on religious acts prescribed in Article 257;
- 元来の仏教は、葬送儀礼を重視する宗教ではなかった。
- Buddhism was originally not a religion which emphasized funeral rites.
- そのため宗教界から「昭和の仏師」などと称せられた。
- Since then, Shinjo was called 'Busshi of Showa.'
- 東方正教会の宗教的助言者(必ずしも聖職者ではない)
- a religious adviser (not necessarily a priest) in the Eastern Orthodox Church
- 旧約聖書とタルムードに基づく宗教を実践するユダヤ人
- Jews collectively who practice a religion based on the Torah and the Talmud
- イエスまたはイエスの教えに基づく宗教教義または理論
- a religious doctrine or theory based on Jesus or Jesus' teachings
- また台湾の宗教や風俗は日本風なものに「改良」された。
- Furthermore, the religion and life style of Taiwan was 'improved' to the Japanese style.
- 規模が大きいものを宗教都市として定義する場合がある。
- A large scale town of that nature may be defined as a religious city.
- この部屋では、日常の宗教行事のすべてが行われている。
- This room is used for regular religious rites.
- これは、後に修験道や呪術的宗教などを生み出している。
- This later led to the birth of Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts) and witchcraft religion.
- 1965年 大正大学文学部哲学科(宗教学専攻)卒業。
- She graduated from the Philosophy Department, Literature Faculty of Taisho University (she majored in the science of religion) in 1965.
- 哲学者が自己の体系の上から宗教を捏造すべきではない。
- Philosophers should not forge religion based on their system of philosophy.
- しかし現在でも多くの神道系宗教で受け入れられている。
- However it is accepted in many Shinto line religions even at present.
- インチキ宗教に入信する人が相変わらず後を絶ちません。
- There are still lots of people who convert to bogus religions.
- 宗教に関する法制の制定権力には大きく分けて2つある。
- There are basically two legislative powers regarding religions.
- 事実上無宗教の人が多く、埋葬の方法にこだわりがない。
- Most people do not practice any religion and do not have any fixed ideas about which burial method they prefer.
- カリブ海の国(特にハイチ)で主に実践されるカルト宗教
- a religious cult practiced chiefly in Caribbean countries (especially Haiti)
- (特に宗教的祭典の前日に)祈祷するために眠らない儀礼
- the rite of staying awake for devotional purposes (especially on the eve of a religious festival)
- 神またはいくつかの宗教的な儀礼または使用に捧げられる
- devoted to a deity or some religious ceremony or use
- エロチックの源であるか宗教的な刺激として鞭を打つこと
- beating as a source of erotic or religious stimulation
- これを「境内都市」(自治都市、宗教都市も参照)という。
- These were called 'Keidai toshi' (also refer to the articles on Autonomous city or Holy city).
- 現在の神道の源流である古神道は、原始宗教とも呼ばれる。
- Ancient Shintoism, which is the origin of current Shintoism, is also called a primitive religion.
- 仏典に節をつけたもので儀礼に用いられる宗教音楽である。
- It is a chant of Buddhist scriptures and a religious music for ceremonies.
- また、宗教性を避けて「盆踊り」とは呼ばないこともある。
- Some are given alternative names to 'Bon Odori' to avoid a religious connection.
- 宗教法人として認可されたのは昭和27年(1952年)。
- It was approved as a religious corporation in 1952.
- (宗教に対するように)献身的な主義や人物や活動の信奉者
- a devoted (almost religiously so) adherent of a cause or person or activity
- 宗教において、設定された慣習または主義に特に対応しない
- not conforming to established customs or doctrines especially in religion
- 福音を伝道し、貧民やホームレスの世話をする慈善宗教団体
- a charitable and religious organization to evangelize and to care for the poor and homeless
- そのほか、各地の民俗芸能や一部の宗教において演奏される。
- In addition, it is also played for folk entertainment in various areas, and in some religions.
- - これはその他の宗教的な祭りや商業的な催しものを指す。
- This refers to other religious festivals and commercial events.
- 岡田真美子(宗教環境学者)「今からの仏心エコロジー説法」
- Mamiko OKADA (religious environmentalist) 'Upcoming Theories on Buddha's Heart Ecology'
- 仏教と深い関わりがある他、多くの宗教でも用いられている。
- Other than being deeply linked with Buddhism, incense is also used in many religions.
- 『宗教以前』高取正男と共著(NHKブックス、1968年)
- 'Shukyo Izen' (Before Religion) in collaboration with Masao TAKATORI (NHK Books (Nippon Hoso Shuppan Association) 1968)
- 古代インド宗教の1つである仏教でも托鉢は取り入れられた。
- Takuhatsu was also introduced into Buddhism, which is one of the Ancient Indian religions.
- 第一条約第二十四条に規定する敵国軍隊等に随伴する宗教要員
- Chaplain, prescribed in Article 24 of the First Convention, attached to the enemy armed forces, etc.;
- 宗教に関する法律の必要性は政界においても認識されていた。
- The necessity of a law on religion was also recognized in political world.
- 日本宗教代表者会議名誉議長、全日本仏教会会長などを歴任。
- He held positions such as the honorary chairman of Japanese Religions Representative Conference and the president of the All Japan Buddhist Federation.
- (友愛会、宗教、またはその他のグループの)仲間である男性
- a male person who is a fellow member (of a fraternity or religion or other group)
- 政治的であるか、宗教的であるか、道徳的な検閲を前提として
- subject to political, religious, or moral censorship
- 中心的神が母なる女神である現代の魔法の多神教的な自然宗教
- the polytheistic nature religion of modern witchcraft whose central deity is a mother goddess
- 香典袋は、葬儀の宗教・相手の宗旨宗派に合わせて使い分ける。
- Koden-bukuro vary depending on the religion and the religious sect according to which the funeral is held.
- だが、無常などの宗教観念と関連するわび・寂びは難解とさる。
- However, being related to religious concepts like mujo (transience), wabi and sabi are considered difficult to understand.
- これは日本人が基本的に宗教に寛容な民族である事に由来する。
- This originates from the fact that the Japanese basically have a very generous view on religion.
- また、交通や経済のみならず、宗教的にも重要な場所であった。
- The place was important from transportation, economics and even religious point of view.
- 祭日(さいじつ)とは、宗教儀礼上重要な祭祀を行う日のこと。
- A ritual day is a day on which an important religious rite is performed.
- 大学には宗教部という部局があり、以下の行事を主催している。
- In Ryukoku University, there is the Section of Religion that hosts events mentioned below.
- 同志社大学などと共に京都・宗教系大学院連合に加盟している。
- Ryukoku University belongs to Kyoto Graduate Union of Religious Studies, along with Doshisha Universities and others.
- 神社(じんじゃ)とは、神道信仰に基づいて作られた宗教施設。
- A Shinto shrine (or Jinja) is a religious institution based on the Shinto religion.
- 宗教活動の出来た教派神道を除いて、神葬祭の普及は停滞した。
- As a result, the promulgation of Shinsosai grew stagnant except at Sect Shinto (new religion close to Shinto), which was allowed to engage in religious activities.
- これにより最大宗教勢力の比叡山は室町幕府に屈したのである。
- The Hieizan Enryaku-ji Temple, the largest religious power in Japan, finally gave in to the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 比叡山宗教サミットを開催、また一隅を照らす運動を推進した。
- He held the Religious Summit Meeting on Mt. Hiei, and promoted the Brighten the World at Your Corner Activities.
- 香を燃やすための(特に宗教上の儀式において鎖で揺らす)容器
- a container for burning incense (especially one that is swung on a chain in a religious ritual)
- その他の宗教では、イスラム教の信徒が約7万人いるといわれる。
- Among other religions, Islam is thought to have about 70,000 believers.
- 1907年 宗教大学分校鹿渓会が発足(現在の学友会と同窓会)
- 1907: It established the Religious University, Extension Campus Rokkeikai (the present students' association and alumni reunion).
- 戦後は宗教法人・神社本庁の包括下におかれ、国家の手を離れた。
- After the Second World War, the shrine separated from state control to become a religious corporation and part of the Association of Shinto Shrines.
- 穢れの観念は民間信仰はもとより、多数の有力宗教にも見られる。
- The notion of Kegare is recognized not only in folk religions but also in many primary religions.
- 「宗教法人としては初」となる総合登録博物館とうたわれている。
- It is touted as 'the first registered general museum officially registered by a religious corporation.'
- 託宣よりも人間の理性が宗教的な真理を確立するという神学の教義
- the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth
- 戦争、政治的抑圧、宗教的信条によって追われた人のための避難所
- shelter for persons displaced by war or political oppression or for religious beliefs
- 宗教的情熱の演劇的表現であるイランの音楽的ページェントの形体
- a form of Iranian musical pageant that is the theatrical expression of religious passion
- 西ヨーロッパの西暦紀元前の異教徒の宗教が起源であるという主張
- claims origins in pre-Christian pagan religions of western Europe
- 道教や神道などの他の宗教の主流が弾圧を受けた事実が存在しない。
- In addition, there had been no fact that other religions, such as Taoism and Shintoism, had been suppressed.
- 1947年1月1日現在では153の宗教施設が州内に残っていた。
- 153 religious institutions were left in the province as of January 1, 1947.
- 巡礼(じゅんれい)は、聖地を巡るという宗教的行為のことを指す。
- A pilgrimage is a religious act of traveling to holy places.
- 境内地の規定が書かれている宗教法人法 第三条を以下に記載する。
- Regulations concerning keidaichi are specified within Article 3 of Japan's Religious Corporation Law.
- 人間・科学・宗教オープン・リサーチ・センター(平成14年度~)
- Open Research Center for Humanities, Science, and Religion (since fiscal Heisei 14)
- 通信教育で唯一宗教科教員免許の取得が可能な所としても知られる。
- It is well known as the only school that provides a teacher's certificate in the department of Buddhism.
- ※このページの記述には宗教団体「天津教」の教理が含まれている。
- * Descriptions on this page contain the religious principles of the religious organization 'Amatsukyo.'
- 書肆心水より一巻本『波多野精一宗教哲学体系』として刊行された。
- The three books are integrated into the single book 'Seiichi HATANO's Philosophy of Religion, 'which is published by Shoshi Shinsui.
- 建保3年(1215年) 園城寺の公胤の元で天台宗教学を修める。
- 1215 - Pursued Tendai religious studies under Koin at Onjo-ji Temple.
- 輪番は、住職の職務を代掌し、宗教法人たる別院の代表役員となる。
- A Rinban carries out for the work of chief priest and is a representative director of branch temple as a religious corporation.
- 興福寺南院の円縁僧都に師事して唯識・因明・法相宗教学を学んだ。
- He studied the doctrines of Yuishiki, Inmyo, and Hosso under Enen sozu of the South hall of Kofukuji Temple.
- したがってそれまでは宗教界の一部でしか知られることがなかった。
- Before that, Shinnyoen Buddhist and his name had been known to only a part of the religious world.
- それを切っ掛けに 2月8日に仕事を辞め宗教の道ひとすじに立つ。
- This made him decide to quit his job on February 8 and start devoting himself to the field of religion.
- お互いの家系に伝わる宗教的背景を感得し、次第に仏教を研鑚する。
- They were inspired by each other's religious background handed down to each family line and gradually studied Buddhism.
- 同会の会員数は公称10万人(小沢浩「新宗教の風土」)とされる。
- The officially announced membership is 100,000 ('Shinshukyo no fudo' (spiritual features of new religion) authored by Hiroshi OZAWA).
- このような浄土門の立場に、聖道門と異なる宗教性をみるのである。
- The position of Jodo-mon like this shows religious thoughts that are different from Shodo-mon.
- 故人の宗教観や、会社/団体葬などの場合に行なわれることがある。
- Such a funeral ceremony is sometimes conducted due to consideration for the outlook on religions of the deceased or in the case of a company-sponsored/organization-sponsored funeral.
- 宗教面では、中国から様々な仏教が伝来し、貴族たちの信仰を集めた。
- In terms of religion, various Buddhism sects were introduced from China, and the nobles worshipped them.
- 宗教的にも歴史が深く古代信仰の形体を知る上でも重要な地区である。
- Since the city has a long histroy from the religious viewpoint, it is a very important area to study 'forms of ancient religions.'
- また、フィクションでは西洋宗教などにおける神職を指すこともある。
- In novels, the term 'miko' refers to the priests of Western religions.
- いずれにせよ、宗教と道徳の関係を如実かつ簡潔にものがたっている。
- In any event, this story most simply and adequately reveals the relationship between religion and morality.
- 仏教以外の宗教において信仰の対象として大切に扱われるもののこと。
- In religions other than Buddhism, an object of religious attention that is held to be important.
- もともとは宗教儀礼でのタブーや伝統的な習慣・制度を意味していた。
- It originally referred to taboos in religious courtesy or traditional practices and systems.
- (特に宗教における)権威または教義を受け入れることに気が進まない
- unwilling to accept authority or dogma (especially in religion)
- ドルイドと彼らの儀式、また式典によって教えられた宗教と哲学の体系
- the system of religion and philosophy taught by the Druids and their rites and ceremonies
- 世界は、宗教的、超自然的な説明なしで、科学的に理解できるという説
- the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations
- また宗教面では鎌倉新仏教の成立により、民衆へ仏教が普及していった。
- In religion, new schools of Japanese Buddhism called Kamakura New Buddhism were established, becoming widely accepted by general public.
- 幕府は再び大仏家時、名越宗教、大仏高直らが率いる大軍を差し向けた。
- The bakufu again dispatched a large army led by Ietoki OSARAGI, Munenori NAGOE (or NAGOSHI), and Takanao OSARAGI.
- そのため青銅器は銅鐸など祭祀・宗教用途に用いられるに留まっている。
- Therefore, the Japanese people would have limited use for bronze ware: such as Bronze bells for Saishi (religious service) and other religious practices.
- 歴史的文脈で宗教書を捉えた時には、その来歴は当然検証の対象となる。
- In case of judging a religious book from a historical standpoint, its origin naturally becomes the object of judgment.
- 厳密な規定は宗教法人法に書かれており、法律上は境内地とされている。
- Regulations concerning keidai are specified within Japan's Religious Corporation Law and it is legally referred to as keidaichi (keidai precinct).
- 神葬祭(しんそうさい)とは、日本固有の宗教である神道の葬儀である。
- Shinsosai refers to funeral rites performed by Shinto, Japan's original religion.
- かれの宗教上の模範は、鉄騎隊を率いたオリバー・クロムウェルである。
- His religious mentor was Oliver CROMWELL, who led the ironsides.
- 竹内文書は、新宗教団体である天津教の教典にも、位置づけられている。
- Takeuchi monjo are also considered as the scriptures of Amatsukyo, a new organized religion.
- この事件の後、同氏は宗教界や歌壇において活躍する氏族となっていく。
- After the downfall in politics, the Ki clan changed the scene of their activities into the fields of religion and poetry.
- また、陰陽道を「技術」から「宗教・呪術」中心に機能転換していった。
- He also carried out the functional change of Onmyodo shifting the emphasis from 'art' to 'religion and jujutsu.'
- 江戸時代に入ると、江戸幕府は仏教界に対して新たな宗教統制を講じた。
- During the Edo period, the Edo bakufu carried out a new control measure over religions, against Buddhist sects.
- また、江戸末期には、天理教や金光教などの神道系の新宗教が現れている。
- At the end of the Edo period, new Shinto religions such as the Tenri sect, the Kinko sect and so on emerged.
- これは現代でも禊、潅頂や洗礼を始め様々な宗教儀式に名残を留めている。
- This remains in various religious ceremonies such as purification ceremony, Kanjo (the esoteric Buddhist ritual of pouring water on the top of a monk's head) and being christened.
- 神社本庁のほか、各種の教派神道・神道系新宗教の一部でも使われている。
- In addition to Jinja-Honcho, various denominations of Shinto and some of new religious schools of Shinto Sect use oharae no kotoba.
- 元々、インドの宗教一般で「尊敬されるべき修行者」をこのように呼んだ。
- Originally, in the general sense it meant 'respectable disciplinant' in the Indian religion.
- 一切の思想や宗教を比較・検討し、その高低・浅深・勝劣を判定したもの。
- It is a way to compare and examine any ideas or religions, and determines whether it is high or low, shallow or deep, and better or worse.
- そのため、神や仏を同等に崇拝する日本人は複数の宗教を掛け持つ形となる。
- Therefore, Japanese people who worship deities and Buddha equally belong to multiple religions.
- そのため古代の音楽や宗教音楽である雅楽や声明などを含めないことが多い。
- Therefore, the term 'ongyoku' often excludes ancient music and such religious music as gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) and syomyo (chanting of Buddhist hymns).
- 明治時代および第二次世界大戦後には日本国内で様々な新興宗教が登場した。
- In the Meiji period and after World War II, various new religions emerged in Japan.
- 元来は沖縄県の御嶽 (宗教)(ウタキ)のようなものだったと考えられる。
- These are believed to have resembled the Utaki sacred places of Okinawa.
- 妙見社は千葉県では宗教法人登録をしているものだけでも50社以上もある。
- There are over 50 Myoken-sha shrines in Chiba Prefecture, counting only those which have registered as a religious corporation.
- 多数の祭礼習俗が消えてしまい、宗教的信仰心に損傷を与える結果となった。
- Many rites, festivals, and customs were lost, and people's religious faith were destroyed.
- 1914年 宗教学講座担当を免じ、哲学、哲学史第一講座担任を命じられる
- 1914: Dismissed from the religious studies course and appointed to the first course of philosophy and history of philosophy.
- まず泰綱が燻鞠をカエデの枝に付けて親王に進め、難波宗教が上鞠を勤めた。
- First Yasutsuna passed the Prince a smoked ball which was stringed to a maple branch, after which Munenori NANBA played as an expert player who kicked off the game.
- 娘(佐賀藩主鍋島宗教養女、佐賀藩蓮池藩(蓮池鍋島家)主鍋島直寛正室)、
- another daughter was adopted by Munenori NABESHIMA (the lord of Saga Domain) and became the lawful wife of Naohiro NABESHIMA (the lord of Hasunoike Domain, the branch domain of Saga Domain),
- 何人も、宗教上の行為、祝典、儀式又は行事に参加することを強制されない。
- No person shall be compelled to take part in any religious act, celebration, rite or practice.
- また、近年では里見義堯の政治・宗教顧問としての活動にも注目されている。
- Also, in recent years, his achievements as advisor to Yoshitaka SATOMI on politics and religion have been brought to attention.
- 多くは単なる競技ではなく、年占的性格を持つ宗教儀礼として行われている。
- Most of them are performed as religious ceremonies that include fortune-telling for the coming year, rather than a just being a mere game.
- 日本は約9600万人が支持する一大仏教国である(文化庁「宗教年鑑」)。
- Japan is one of the largest Buddhist countries with about 96 million adherents (Agency for Cultural Affairs, 'Shukyo Nenkan' [Annual Statistics of Religion]).
- これらは宗教音楽として成立し、作者、作曲年代ともに基本的に不詳である。
- These pieces were brought into being and transmitted as part of a meditative religious practice, and generally speaking, the names of the composers and the dates of composition are unknown.
- イタリアの画家で、神話的で宗教的な絵を描いた(1444年−1510年)
- Italian painter of mythological and religious paintings (1444-1510)
- しかし、その政権が仏教の国家宗教化を意図した具体的な政策例は存在しない。
- However, there had been no specific policy that intended to establish Buddhism as the national religion.
- 人事を巡る争いから包括宗教法人を離脱し、単立となったような例も存在する。
- There are examples of Tanritsu that broke away from Hokatsu Shukyo Hojin through personnel tug-of-war.
- 天理教及びその傍系宗教において、儀礼音楽の中で他の楽器と共に演奏される。
- In Tenrikyo and its related sects, Kokyu is played together with other instruments in its ceremonial music.
- ただし、明治の宗教政策により、現在は素盞鳴尊を祭神としている場合がある。
- Due to the Meiji government's policy on religion, however, some shrines enshrined Susanohno Mikoto.
- 宗教に従事する専業者が行うものと、一般民衆の行事になっているものがある。
- Some are performed by religious clergy, while others become public events.
- 1913年 京都帝国大学文科大学教授(8月。宗教学)、文学博士(12月)
- 1913: Became a professor (religious studies) at the literature department of Kyoto Imperial University (August) and a doctor of literature (December).
- 日本でも、太鼓楼として寺院や神社などの宗教施設敷地内に見ることができる。
- Also in Japan, drum towers referred to as taiko-ro tower can be seen inside religious institutions such as temples and shrines.
- インドでは、神様の山車に轢かれ死ぬと、天国にいけるという宗教行為がある。
- In India, there is a religious belief that any one who is run over and killed by a divine float may be allowed to go to heaven.
- 統一的な法典としては1939年(昭和14年)の宗教団体法が最初であった。
- The Religious Organization Law of 1939 was the first integrated law.
- 宗教施設の中には神仏習合の権現として参拝の対象になっている例も存在する。
- There is also an example that some religious facilities are the target of prayer as Gongen (avatar) of syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism.
- マスコミ関係者やカルト宗教に批判的な人物等からカルト的と捉えられている。
- Media representatives and people with critical views on religious cults treat the group as a cult.
- ニコラウス2世の宮廷での宗教的なアドバイザーであったシベリア人の農民の僧
- Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II
- 第二に農民統制(宗門改め)、及び宗教政策(切支丹禁令、寺院諸法度)がある。
- secondly, they took control of farmers and peasants with 'shumon aratame' (originally, an inquisition for suppressing Christianity, but later, it became like a general research on residents), and took religious policies as well, such as a ban of Christianity and issuance of 'Jiin Shohatto' (the regulations for Buddhist temples in the Edo period);
- 偽書の難しい点は宗教・政治的なイデオロギー性を含む例が多々あることである.
- The difficulty with gisho is that they have many examples that include religious and political ideology.
- 宗教界にも影響を与え、日蓮は『立正安国論』を幕府に上程して国難を主張する。
- It also influenced people of religion, and Nichiren submitted 'Rissho Ankoku Ron' (Treatise for Spreading Peace Throughout the Country by Establishing the True Teaching) to bakufu, insisting that it was a national crisis.
- 逆に宗教的な目的を持った厭勝銭として造られた可能性も否定できないのである。
- Conversely, the possibility that it was made as incantation coin for religious purpose cannot also be ruled out.
- 現在は社格は廃止され、神社本庁に属し、「宗教法人 水度神社」と称している。
- Currently, shrine ranking has been abolished, and it now belongs to the Jinja-Honcho (The Association of Shinto Shrines) under the name 'Religious corporation, Mito-jinja Shrine.'
- どのようにして現在のような宗教的思想体系になったのか、ほとんど不明である。
- It is uncertain how this philosophic system with its religious element came into being.
- 釈迦をはじめ世界の大宗教教祖はすべて来日し、天皇に仕えたことになっている。
- Accordingly, founders of all major religions including Shakyamuni came to Japan, and served the emperor.
- また、満済をはじめ多くの僧を顧問として宗教勢力を懐柔、掌握しようと試みた。
- He also used many priests such as Mansai as advisers in an attempt to appease and take control of the religious influence.
- いずれも宗教上の問題以外に硝石、新式鉄砲等の貿易の利ざやがあったとされる。
- Whether those theories are true or not, each has an issue of profit brought about by trading of niter, new guns and so on in addition to religious issues.
- 徳川家康のブレーンとして、江戸幕府初期の朝廷政策・宗教政策に深く関与した。
- He took an active part in policies of the imperial court and religions in the early Edo bakufu as a strategist for Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 日本に限らず古来から、太陽や祖霊信仰は原始宗教の頃からつきものなのである。
- The sun and ancestor worship have been common elements of faith since ancient times, not only in Japan.
- 1979(S54)年、「真如苑宗教交流親善使節団」として欧州5カ国を巡教。
- In 1979, he visited five European countries as 'Shinnyoen Buddhist religious communication good will envoy' for preachment.
- 単なる観光や見学ではなく写経などの宗教行事に参加することが条件となっている。
- Visitors do not simply tour or observe the temple but must participate in religious services such as the transcribing of sutras.
- 他にも宗教では、すべて穢れなど嫌う物に対しなんらかの論理的根拠を持っている。
- In other religions, there is some logical basis for all things that are disliked such as Kegare.
- この神神習合が、後に仏教をはじめとする他宗教の神々を受け入れる素地となった。
- They maintain that this fusion of the gods phenomona laid the foundation for the later introduction of Kami from other religions, starting with Buddhism.
- 日本人が生み出した食文化の一つとして着目すべき宗教現象だと言えると思われる。
- Special Shinsen can be regarded as a remarkable religious phenomenon as a food culture developed by the Japanese.
- キリシタンとなり、宗教面でも日蓮宗徒である達安や越前守と対立することになる。
- He became a Christian and an opponent of Tatsuyasu and Echizen no kami, believers in the Nichiren sect of Buddhism, in terms of religion.
- 現在では宗教と関係なく建てられたものもあり、また、模型なども販売されている。
- Today, some of them are constructed with no religious purposes, and their miniature models are sold.
- また、その時を告げるという性格上、政庁など、宗教施設以外にも設置されている。
- However, for the purpose of informing time, similar facilities are also installed outside religious places, for example, on the premises of government offices.
- また日本においては上記の宗教とは違う別の意味も存在するが、下記にて後述する。
- In Japan, the lotus leaf also has a meaning that is different from the above religious one, and this different meaning is explained later.
- 宗門改(しゅうもんあらため)は、江戸幕府が行った宗教政策および民衆統制政策。
- Shumon aratame was religion policy and the control of the public promoted by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 身体に宗教的な傷痕(十字架にかけられたキリストに似た傷のようなもの)がある人
- a person whose body is marked by religious stigmata (such as marks resembling the wounds of the crucified Christ)
- 物に宿る、または場所を支配すると考えられている(特に古代ローマの宗教の)神霊
- a spirit believed to inhabit an object or preside over a place (especially in ancient Roman religion)
- 様々な宗教的な儀式を行う、あるいは管理する権限があるキリスト教の教会の聖職者
- a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites
- 義務が確立された行動規範の厳守を確実にすることであるサウジアラビアの宗教警察
- religious police in Saudi Arabia whose duty is to ensure strict adherence to established codes of conduct
- 聖なるヴェーダ、ブラーフマナ、ウパニシャッドに規定されている古代インドの宗教
- the religious beliefs of ancient India as prescribed in the sacred Vedas and Brahmanas and Upanishads
- 各宗教団体の機関紙などでは「大行天皇の追悼法要営まれる」などと掲載されている。
- In fact, a sentence like 'A Buddhist memorial service for the Taiko-Tenno is held' appears in journals published by several religious organizations.
- これらは宗教法人として届けられていないものも多く、その総数は把握されていない。
- Many of these have not been reported as facilities of religious organizations, and the number of those facilities are not grasped.
- 戦後、神道が宗教としての立場を取り戻し、葬儀に関わることができるようになった。
- After WWII, Shinto recovered its status as a religious faith and has been allowed performing funeral rites.
- 但し、他教・他宗信者及び無宗教者が、表書きを「御霊前」として供えても構わない。
- However, believers of other religions and sects as well as free thinkers are allowed to write 'goreizen' when they attend Jodo Shinshu Sect funerals, and so on.
- これにより、平安仏教は皇室や貴族の現世利益をかなえる宗教という性格を強くした。
- This Heian Buddhism was characterized by the strong desire to fulfill the worldly interests of the Imperial Family and the nobility.
- それにちなみ全日本宗教用具協同組合では毎月27日を「仏壇の日」に制定している。
- Accordingly, the twenty-seventh day of each month is designated as 'butsudan no hi' (the day of Buddhist altars) by Zen Nihon Shukyo Yogu Kyodokumiai (literally, a Cooperative of Religious Utensils Dealers of all Japan).
- そのため宗教的な権力だけでなく、政治的な権力の巻き添えになったとも伝えられる。
- Therefore it is said that the Tachikawa school was entangled in not only religious power but also in political power.
- 脱教条化された仏教であり、純粋に死者を弔うことだけを目的とする原始宗教に近い。
- It is the Buddhism which has lost dogma, and it is similar to a primitive religion purely for people to hold funerals.
- 1899年(明治32年)には第一次宗教法案が貴族院に提案されたが、否決された。
- The first draft law on religion was proposed in the House of Peers in 1899, but was rejected.
- 1935(S11)年に、大日大聖不動明王を勧請、友司と共に宗教専従の道に立つ。
- In 1935, he called up and infused the spirit of the statue of Dainichi Daisho Fudo Myoo, and get engaged in shukyosenju (working exclusively for religion) with Tomoji.
- トルコの非宗教政権をイスラム国家および厳しいイスラム法に置き替えようとしている
- seeks to replace Turkey's secular regime with an Islamic state and strict shariah law
- ユダヤ人の少年が13歳の誕生日を記念する通過儀礼で宗教的責任の始まりを意味する
- an initiation ceremony marking the 13th birthday of a Jewish boy and signifying the beginning of religious responsibility
- 一方で宗教的、儀礼的な秩序においては頂点に位置され、伝統的権威は保ち続けていた。
- On the other hand, it ranked at the top of the religious and ceremonial hierarchy and maintained traditional authority.
- 顕真週間 - 主に学友会宗教局が企画し、10月18日の前後約1週間にわたって開催
- Kenshin Week-Gakuyukai's Section of Religion mainly makes arrangements and holds the festival for about a week with the date of October 18th put in the middle.
- このため道祖神は、古代から近世に至るまで時代によって様々な信仰、宗教と融合する。
- Accordingly, Doso-shin has become fused to various faiths and religions from ancient to modern times.
- 神前での祈りや神に伺いを立てることなどで、特定の宗教の神と結びついたものが多い。
- They involve prayers and consultation with god, and are often connected with a god of a specific religion.
- 1881年(明治14年)、宗教団体法の規定により宗派名が「真宗大谷派」と定まる。
- In 1881, under the Religious Corporations Ordinance, the name of the religious sect was changed to Shinshu sect Otani school.
- また、長い歴史の中で土俗信仰などと結びついた、浄土真宗系の新宗教も存在している。
- Furthermore, there exists a new religion related to Jodo Shinshu, which is connected to folk beliefs over a long period of history.
- 今日における狭義では、日蓮を宗祖とする諸宗派の最大宗派「宗教法人日蓮宗」を指す。
- In a narrow sense, today it refers to 'Religious Corporation Nichiren sect,' the largest sect among the sects saying Nichiren was their founder.
- 特に大学での偽装サークルによる勧誘は統一協会や摂理といった新宗教団体と似ている。
- Especially, it forms fictitious circles to recruit university students. The method is similar to those used by other new religious groups such as The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity and Setsuri (providence) cult group.
- 若年層によって主に成っている政治、宗教、社会改革運動、または社会改革における扇動
- political or religious or social reform movement or agitation consisting chiefly of young people
- 宗教改革以来いくつかの改訂版があり、その言葉の威厳と美しさのために広く賞賛される
- has had several revisions since the Reformation and is widely admired for the dignity and beauty of its language
- 更に宗教者・職人などを特定の公家や寺院(院家)に家職として統制させることを図った。
- Furthermore, religious persons and craftsmen were to come from specific aristocratic families and temples (Inke) for which it was Kashoku.
- 紀伊の地侍は連合して根来衆・雑賀衆などの集団を形成し、宗教を盾に地域自治を行った。
- Jizamurai (local samurai) in Kii formed groups such as Negoroshu and Saigashu and carried out regional autonomy under the cover of religion.
- (6)奈良の仏教寺院と神社は、ひときわ優れた形で宗教の連続的な力と影響を証明する。
- 6. The particularly elegant forms of Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines in Nara Prefecture prove the continuous force and influence of religion over people's lives.
- 現在でも台湾や東南アジアの華僑・華人の間ではかなり根強く信仰されている宗教である。
- Even today, this religion has faithful believers, mostly Chinese people, known as Kakyo or Kajin, in Taiwan or in southeastern Asia.
- その後も毎年8月、これを記念して比叡山で「世界宗教者平和の祈り」が行なわれている。
- Every August thereafter, in memory of that event, the ' Inter-religious Gathering of Prayer for World Peace' has been held on Mt. Hiei.
- しかし、道教が創唱宗教の形態を取る過程で道家の思想を取り入れたことは事実であった。
- However, in the process of formation as a soshoshukyo (religion proposed by a person or a group), Dokyo was indeed influenced by the Doka philosophy.
- 連歌、和歌、仏教に深く通じ、能楽論と宗教思想をむすびつけた著作を数多くあらわした。
- Well versed in renga and waka poetry and Buddhism, Zenchiku wrote a number of books that discussed theories of Noh in combination with religious philosophies.
- ただし城郭は宗教法人大本の敷地であるため、見学には入口受付で許可を取る必要がある。
- To see the building, an application for admission is required at reception because it is the property of the religious institution Omoto.
- 他宗教でも、例えばキリスト教ではロザリオのように、同様の物が使用されることがある。
- Similar things are used in other religions, such as Rosario in Christianity.
- 官僧ではなく私度僧から聖(ひじり)に至る民間宗教者の系統に属することが指摘できる。
- It is pointed out that he was not an official monk but belonged to the line of private religious people from shidoso (priests having entered Buddhist priesthood without permission) to hijiri (a high-ranking priest).
- 神道を主体とする宗教を抜きにして日本の文化や精神の本質は語れないという側面もある。
- It is impossible to talk about the essence of Japanese culture and spirit without religions focusing on the Shinto religion.
- しかし、戦後の神社神道は政治と分離され、公式には宗教の一分野として今に至っている。
- However, shrines and the Shinto religion were separated from politics after the war, and the Shinto religion has been officially treated as one of the religious fields since then.
- 現在、儒教はあくまで思想論の一種であって宗教ではない、とする考えが一般的ではある。
- Currently, Ju-kyo is generally considered a kind of theory of thought and not a religion.
- ヴェーダの宗教の系統では、ナザレのイエスを悟りを得た存在として尊重する場合がある。
- In some streams of Veda, Jesus of Nazareth is respected as the existence who has attained enlightment.
- スイスの神学者で、説教によってスイスの宗教改革を開始した(1484年−1531年)
- Swiss theologian whose sermons began the Reformation in Switzerland (1484-1531)
- すなわち、頼朝の後家として、頼朝の法事を含め幕府の宗教体制の中心的存在であったこと。
- That is, Masako, as a widow of Yoritomo, played a central role in the bakufu's religious system such as memorial service for Yoritomo.
- 性教育のため、性文化の追求、また思想、宗教的意味合いがあったかなどもわかっていない。
- It was not known if it was for sex education or for the pursuit of sex culture, or philosophical or religious implication.
- 古くから棒術は宗教とかかわりがあり、祭礼で棒術に相当するものが古くから行われている。
- From old times, Bojutsu has been related to religion, and a kind of Bojutsu has been performed in rites and festivals.
- 宗教上の儀式行事を行うために用いられる土地(神せん田、仏供田、修道耕牧地等を含む。)
- Land (including agricultural land offered to Shinto deities, agricultural land offered to Buddhist deities, monastic pasture, etc.) used for the purpose of holding religious events
- これについてはそれぞれの立場(権力・宗教)によって、正反対の評価が下されるであろう。
- Concerning this, completely different evaluations will be made depending on who makes the evaluation based on what standpoint (power or religion).
- 現在の宗教法人としての「浄土宗」の代表役員は宗務総長、責任役員は内局と呼ばれている。
- The representative director of Jodo Shu as a present religious corporation is called 'Shumu Socho' and responsible director is called 'Naikyoku'.
- 放生会(ほうじょうえ)とは、捕獲した魚や鳥獣を野に放し、殺生を戒める宗教儀式である。
- Hojoe is a religious ritual in which captive animals are released into the wild to admonish against the taking of life.
- 中国で鬼(グウェイ)という場合、死霊、死者の霊魂中国の宗教(道教など)のことを指す。
- In China, Oni (Guei) indicates a ghost, the spirit of a dead person and Chinese religion (Taoism).
- が、仏教、教派神道、キリスト教の宗教団体は民法の公益法人を適用されないままであった。
- However, religious bodies such as Buddhism, Sect Shinto and Christianity were not treated as public interest corporations under civil law.
- 現在の時宗教団は一遍を宗祖とするが、宗として正式に成立したのは江戸幕府の政策による。
- Current Jishu sect holds Ippen as the founder, but the sect was officially formed by the policy of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- それに対し真宗教団連合が「広告の表現は多くの門徒の心を踏みにじる」と抗議をしている。
- The Federation of Shinshu Temples (Shinshu Kyodan Rengo) made a protest against the corporation saying, 'the expression in the ad hurts the feelings of many followers of the Shinshu sect. '
- 宗教上の場合、その教義に従わない場合の“罰”として、神罰、そして仏罰があるとされる。
- In the case of religion, it is said that there is punishment by God and punishment by Buddha as the 'punishment' for the case of disobedience to its creed.
- スリランカ(セイロン)、ミャンマー(ビルマ)、タイ、ラオス及びカンボジアの主要な宗教
- the dominant religion of Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand and Laos and Cambodia
- フランスの小説家で、欲求と宗教的な信念の対立について書いた(1885年−1970年)
- French novelist who wrote about the conflict between desire and religious belief (1885-1970)
- 社会でのもっともよいものを保守し、急な変化に反対することを提唱する政治的宗教的方向性
- a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes
- 認められた形式への厳格な固執に関係するあるいは特徴づけられた(特に宗教または芸術で)
- concerned with or characterized by rigorous adherence to recognized forms (especially in religion or art)
- 宗教組織は、依然として僧兵組織の維持や、戦闘拠点となりうる寺院の造営に力を振り分けた。
- Religious organizations still used powers for maintenance of organizations of armed priests and constructions of buildings for temples that could be used as the base of battle.
- 1948年1月1日には日本の宗教施設は(仏教寺院が13、カトリック教会が2)であった。
- Japanese religious institutions were 13 Buddhist temples and 2 Catholic churches as of January 1, 1948.
- 平安京への遷都以後も南都と称されて、日本の宗教・文化の歴史において大きな影響を与えた。
- Even after the relocation of the capital to the Heian-kyo Capital, Nara, known by the name Nanto, had significant impact on Japanese religious and cultural histories.
- 妖怪探訪家・村上健司は、牛御前が寺を襲ったことには宗教的な対立が背景にあるとしている。
- Kenji MURAKAMI, a searcher of specters, says there was a religious conflict behind the story that Ushi gozen attacked the temple.
- 全国各地にみられる「祟り地」の信仰も原始的な宗教観を映し出していると見ることが出来る。
- Belief in 'Tatari-chi (place of tatari)' found throughout Japan can be a reflection of primitive religious concept.
- 「ひがしくに教」は解散したはずであるが、なぜか近年になって宗教法人として復活している。
- Although 'Higashikuni-kyo' should have been disbanded, it was restored as a religious corporation in recent years.
- オウム真理教事件をきっかけにして1995年(平成7年)には宗教法人法が一部改正された。
- The Aum Shinrikyo incident triggered amendments to the Religious Corporation Act in 1995.
- また、宗教儀式のひとつで、定期的に仏像などの本尊の前で、読誦したり礼拝したりすること。
- It is also one of religious ceremonies including regular dokuju (chanting sutras) and prayers for honzon (major statue of a temple) such as statue of Buddha.
- ただ現在の学術研究、特に日本における論争のひとつに、儒教は宗教か否かというものがある。
- In today's academic research, especially among debates in Japan, there is a debate on whether or not Ju-kyo is a religion.
- キリスト教徒の迫害を止め、324年にキリスト教をローマ帝国の公式宗教としたローマの天皇
- Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire
- そしてキリスト教徒と日本の旧来の宗教の信者達との間に憎悪と対立を深めていくことになった。
- In this way, hatred and opposition sprang up between those who believed in Christianity and those who professed faith in the older Japanese religions.
- 元々が僧侶養成の機関であるため、全学科で浄土宗教師と浄土宗開教使の資格が取得可能である。
- It is possible to become a licensed Jodo sect teacher and missionary of the Jodo sect from any of the departments, because the institute is used extensively for training in Buddhist studies.
- 明治から第二次世界大戦終結までの間、「神社神道は宗教ではない」とされ、政府に保護された。
- Between the Meiji period and the end of World War II, Shrine Shinto was protected by the government because 'it was not a religion.'
- その一方で、元寇などの大事に祈祷を行い、宗教的な側面から鎌倉幕府・北条得宗家を擁護した。
- He also prayed for important matters such as Mongol invasion attempts against Japan and protected the Kamakura bakufu and the Tokuso Family of the Hojo clan in the religious aspect.
- 憲法において「信教の自由」が唱われており、少数でありながらも様々な宗教が信仰されている。
- The Constitution stipulates the 'religious liberty,' and various religions are professed although the number of their believers is small.
- 過去においては他宗教は全て謗法・邪宗であると定義し、これらに対する折伏を行ってきている。
- In the past other religions were considered as hobo and bad religions, and they tried to teach right things against these religions.
- 日本の伝統文化は、神道とその他の宗教を取り込みながら基軸とし、時代とともに変遷してきた。
- The Japanese traditional culture was founded based on the Shinto religion and other religions while incorporating those, and has changed with times.
- その後、仏教各派は宗教法制の整備と国家に収公された境内敷地の返還を求める運動を起こした。
- Later, Buddhist sects launched movements demanding the improvement of the legal system regarding religions and the restoration of their properties confiscated by the state.
- 1893年、福澤諭吉のバックアップにより渡米、シカゴで開催された万国宗教大会に参加した。
- In 1893, with support from Yukichi FUKUZAWA, he visited the US to participate in the World Parliament of Religions held in Chicago.
- 反宗教改革を支持して、英国に侵入するためにスペイン艦隊を送った(1527年−1598年)
- he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598)
- そして、これは戦国大名や国人・土豪層はもとより、宗教組織や、自治組織においても同様である。
- It was the same with respect to sengoku daimyo, kokujin, and dogo, as well as religious organizations and autonomous organization.
- 宗教面では従来の神仏混交が改められ(神仏分離)、仏教弾圧(廃仏毀釈)などの動きも見られた。
- In religion, the syncretism of Shintoism and Buddhism was rejected (separation of Buddhism and Shintoism), and moves to oppress Buddhism (Haibutsu-kishaku) were also observed.
- このような宗教的使命感こそが翻訳動機の核であったといえる(張嘉寧1991、佐藤1996)。
- It can be said that such religious sense of responsibility was the core of motivation for the translating work (張嘉寧 1991, Sato 1996).
- 日本の神道など宗教でお勤めをするときの姿勢や家来の武士が待機するときの座法の一つでもある。
- Sonkyo is also a posture executed in religious services of Shinto or other Japanese religions, and is further a way of sitting for a samurai retainer waiting for any order.
- これも個人的な信仰だけでなく、宗教的権威により皇統の正統性を強化する意図を含むものである。
- This was not only meant as a personal religion, but intended to strengthen the legitimacy of the royal line by religious authority.
- 日本人の「死んだ人を悪く言うもんではない」という考え方はこのような宗教的観点からきている。
- Based on these religious perspectives, Japanese people think 'we should not speak ill of the deceased.'
- 「運賃」扱いだと宗教法人といえども課税されるが、「寄付金」だと非課税扱いになるためである。
- This method is used because a 'fare' is taxed, even when earned by a religious institution, while a 'donation' is not.
- しかし、宗教の教義をめぐる争論であることも考慮し、100日間閉門という微罪処分で済ませた。
- However considering that this was a conflict in relation to religious creed, the Nishihongan-ji Temple only faced minor punishment which involved closing the temple for one hundred days.
- 日蓮宗において現世利益と他宗攻撃に重きを置いた活動を行い、後の法華系新宗教に影響を与えた。
- His religious activities centered on divine grace in this world and attacks on other sects, having a impact on new religious schools within Hokke Sect in later days.
- 元興寺の薬宝や大安寺の勤操(ごんそう)に師事して三論宗教学を学び、法相宗・密教にも通じた。
- He studied Sanron Sect under Yakuho of Gango-ji Temple and Gonso of Daian-ji Temple and learned a lot about Hosso sect/esoteric Buddhism.
- 近世の経塚造営は/農業生産の増加や貨幣経済の浸透を前提とした宗教行為の流行を背景に成立し、
- In pre-modern ages, kyozuka were built as a part of religious activity, which had become popular as agricultural output increased and the money economy took root in society.
- 仏教が伝来する以前、倭には土着の宗教(信仰)として原始神道(古神道)が存在したと思われる。
- It seems that before Buddhism was introduced to Wa, there existed primitive Shinto (the Ancient Shinto) as a local religion (faith).
- ここでは一定の伝統を有する伝統宗教のいわゆる十三宗五十六派の十三宗の系譜・宗派を記載する。
- This section describes the genealogy and sects of the thirteen sects of the traditional so-called thirteen sects and fifty-six schools.
- 釈迦(しゃか)は多くの哲学者や宗教家の教えを受け、苦行にも専念したが悟りを得られなかった。
- Shaka studied under many philosophers or people of religion and practiced asceticism, but he was unable to attain enlightenment.
- 昭和62年(1987年)8月3日、比叡山開創1200年を記念して比叡山宗教サミットを主催。
- On August 3, 1987, he hosted the Religious Summit Meeting on Mt. Hiei, in celebration of the 1200th anniversary of foundation of Mt. Hiei.
- それらのいわば宗教共和国について、フロイスは高野山、粉河寺、根来寺、雑賀衆の名を挙げている。
- Frois pointed out the Koyasan Temple, the Kokawa-dera Temple, the Negoro-ji Temple and Saiga shu (Ikko groups) as the names of so-called religious republics.
- 雪舟や周文などのような日本の洗練された宗教的、国家的遺産とは区別されるべきものだと主張した。
- They added such pieces should be distinguished from sophisticated works of Japanese religious and national heritage produced by artists such as Sesshu and Shubun.
- 旧社格は国幣中社で、第二次世界大戦後は神社本庁などの包括宗教法人に属さない単立となっている。
- It was ranked as a Kokuhei Chusha under the old shrine classification system and became independent of any comprehensive religious corporations such as the Association of Shinto Shrines following the World War II.
- 昭和14年(1939年)の宗教団体法成立により、真言律宗以外の宗派は真言宗として統合された。
- Consequent upon the enactment of Religious Organizations Act in 1939, Shingon sects (except for the Shingon Risshu) were integrated as the Shingon sect.
- 即位灌頂を行うことにより、天皇は大日如来と同一化し、極めて高い宗教的な権威を得ることになる。
- By conducting sojuikanjo, the emperor was identified with Dainichi Nyorai and obtained extremely high religious authority.
- 国家神道体制が確立する過程で神社は宗教ではないということで公法上の営造物法人として扱われた。
- In the process of establishing the State Shinto system, shrines were treated under public law as artificial corporations rather than religions.
- 丹塗りとは赤宗教・民俗などに関する赤のことであるが呪術的な意味を持っていたことが指摘される。
- The word Ninuri means the red color related to red religion (赤宗教) and folk culture, and it is pointed out to have had a magical meaning.
- 上座部仏教が盛んな東南アジア諸国では蓮は宗教的意味合いから珍重され、蓮に関連する商いがある。
- In countries of Southeast Asia, where Theravada Buddhism is popular, lotus is highly valued from the religious aspect, and lotus-related trades exist.
- 26世日寛とともに中興の祖として仰がれ現在の日蓮正宗教学及び日蓮本佛論を作成した人物である。
- Nichiu established Nichiren Shoshu kyogaku (study of Buddhism sect) and Nichiren Honbutsu ron (theory that Nichiren was the original Buddha), and is respected as the restorer of the Nichiren Shoshu sect together with the 26th high priest Nichikan.
- 事業免許はなくだれでもはじめられるが、遺体、宗教、関連法規など多岐にわたる知識が要求される。
- Although anyone can start the business without a license, such wide-ranging knowledge as bodies, religions, related laws and regulations are required.
- 顕密体制(けんみつたいせい)とは、歴史学者黒田俊雄が提唱した日本の中世宗教体制に関する学説。
- Kenmitsu taisei refers to a hypothesis about a medieval religious theory in Japan, which was proposed by Toshio KURODA, a historian.
- プエブロ族の宗教的な儀式で、何らかの独特な精神を擬人化していると思われる仮面をつけたダンサー
- a masked dancer during a Pueblo religious ceremony who is thought to embody some particular spirit
- イスラム宗教的な信条を明言し、黒人アメリカ人のために独立を主唱する一団の過激派黒人アメリカ人
- a group of militant Black Americans who profess Islamic religious beliefs and advocate independence for Black Americans
- 米国の宗教指導者で、聖者の列に加えられるべき米国で生まれた最初の人(1774年−1821年)
- United States religious leader who was the first person born in the United States to be canonized (1774-1821)
- 加えて、宗教として意識されることは少ないが、葬儀、死生観を中心に儒教も大きな影響を残している。
- In addition to these two religions, Confucianism has also left its mark mainly on funerals and the view of life and death, although it is less often cited as a religion.
- また生後の氏神参りを他宗教でいう洗礼とみなし、これをもって神道の一員になるという解釈も出来る。
- The custom of bringing a baby to the deity of the clan (ujigami) after birth may be interpreted as a kind of baptism of other religions, which gives the membership of Shinto.
- そして、宗教観念を取り入れ、世界を形成する万物である「天地人」を意識した生け花が特徴的である。
- And the school is characterized by its own style of flower arrangement with intent to express a religious concept that the world is composed of 'heaven, earth and human being.'
- 新宗教は、現在においても新たに作られており、その状況は「神々のラッシュアワー」と呼ばれている。
- New religions are still being created and this situation is referred to as 'rush hour of the gods.'
- 現在は、特定教派の牧師養成のみを目的とせず、一神教を中心に幅広く宗教を学べる学部となっている。
- It no longer has the purpose to train clergyman for a particular sect; it has become a faculty where students can study monotheism together with various religions.
- またこの場合、様々な宗教や土着の信仰などが合わさった行事が並列的、複合的に行われることも多い。
- In such cases, events combining various religions and indigenous faiths are often practiced in parallel or in combination.
- 一方、田辺元や高橋里美などから西田哲学はあまりにも宗教的であり、実践的でないという批判された。
- On the other hand, Hajime TANABE and Satomi TAKAHASHI criticized the Nishida philosophy as being too religious to be practical.
- 1950年(昭和25年)、渡米しハーバード大学やコロンビア大学等に留学し、宗教哲学を専攻する。
- He went to the United States in 1950 and studied religious philosophy at Harvard and Columbia University.
- 上記の題目と同様の意味で使われることもあるが、上記の宗教的な意味を離れて使用される場合もある。
- Odaimoku is sometimes used in the same sense of Nichiren chant mentioned above, but in other cases it is used without religious meaning.
- いずれも江戸時代までには軍事力を喪失するか、分割されるなどして宗教と軍事力が切り離されている。
- Since all temples and shrines mentioned above had either lost their military power or had been divided, their religious powers had been separated from the military powers by the Edo period.
- 授戒・文殊菩薩供養・光明真言などの宗教行為による殺生禁断・慈善救済・宇治橋の修繕などを行った。
- He performed Jukai (handing down the precepts) and Monju Bosatsu kuyo (ceremony of offering to Manjusri); prohibited hunting and fishing in religious acts such as the Mantra of Light; offered charity and relief; and restored Uji-bashi Bridge.
- 経世済民という絶対倫理のみに価値をおかず、哲学的・宗教的真理にも重きを置く文人が増えたのである。
- It showed that there was an increasing number of Bunjin who put an emphasis on philosophical and religious issues rather than valuing only the absolute ethic of governing a nation and providing relief to people.
- 以上に挙げた武術組織は、極めて強い宗教的性格を有し、内部ではシャーマニズム的な儀式も持っていた。
- The martial art organization previously mentioned started to have very strong sect like characteristics and practiced shamanistic ceremonies within the group.
- 飛鳥各地に存在する猿石・道祖神石、橘寺の二面石などと呼ばれる石造物、宗教の遺物と考えられている。
- Throughout the Asuka area, there can be found many stone objects such as the Saruishi (Monkey Stones), Doso-jin (travelers' guardian deity) carved form stone and Tachibana-dera Temple's Nimen-ishi (Double-faced Stone), all of which are considered religious relics.
- 次にあげる場合は、職業・宗教により、正装または普段着として和服を着用することが主流となっている。
- People are required to wear Wafuku formally or informally in the occupations and religions are listed below.
- 例えば、神棚を祀っている家庭には仏壇があることが多く、2つの宗教に同時に入信している家庭が多い。
- For example, many families with a household Shinto altar also have a Buddhist altar, belonging to two religions at the same time.
- また古典や諸宗教にも通じ、多くの随筆や史伝のほか、『芭蕉七部集評釈』などの古典研究などを残した。
- Versed in classical literature and religion, he wrote many essays, historical novels and critical studies on classical literature such as 'Basho Shichibu-shu Hyoshaku' (A Commentary on the Seven Collections of the Basho School).
- 葛西殿は宗教面において西大寺 (奈良市)流律宗へ帰依し、時頼に嫁して禅・律宗などの法薫を受けた。
- Kasaidono was a devoted believer in Ritsu Sect of Saidai-ji Temple (Nara City) lineage, and received a strong moral impact from Zen and Ritsu Sect after she married Tokiyori.
- 仏教が国民的な宗教になったとは言い難い(もちろん民衆と仏教が全く無関係であったわけではないが)。
- It is difficult to say that Buddhism became a national religion (of course, this did not mean that common people had no relation with Buddhism).
- 近代の政府は、神仏判然令以降、太政官布達や断片的な法令、行政上の通達によって宗教を管理してきた。
- The modern government had controlled religion by Daijokan proclamation, fragmentary laws and regulations, and administrative notifications since the Shinto and Buddhism Separation Order.
- そのような中、天皇の宗教的権威を保つ新たな儀式として即位灌頂は生まれ、発展していったとみられる。
- Under such situations, sokuikanjo was born and developed as a new ritual to maintain religious authority of the emperor.
- 昭和32年の接心道場の大涅槃像開眼式に招かれた新日本宗教団体連合会の大石秀典はこの点を指摘した。
- Shuten OISHI of Federation of New Religious Organizations of Japan pointed out this, when he was invited to the dainehan-zo kaigan-shiki (Opening of the Eyes Ceremony of statue of Great Nirvana) held at Sesshin dojo (concentration hall (used for martial arts training)) in 1957.
- また、政府の宗教政策から、1872年(明治5年)に四宗兼学が廃され、真言宗に属することとなった。
- Furthermore, with government policies concerning religions at the time, Shishu kengaku was abolished in 1872 and came under the Shingon sect.
- 戦後、大真言宗から独立し、1952年(昭和27年)9月30日に真言宗泉涌寺派として宗教法人認証。
- After the war, the Sennyu-ji school became independent from the Daishingon sect, and on September 30, 1952, it became certified as an ecclesiastical corporation Shingon sect Sennyu-ji school.
- 主に宗教的意味を伴わない文脈で、「ひと任せ」「他人依存」「成り行き任せ」などの意味で使用される。
- The second group of meanings of Tariki Hongan is mainly used in the context without a religious background, and indicates 'relying on others' or 'letting things take their course.'
- 身体、発言、及び心理の儀式行為に関する最近のヒンズー教徒、あるいは仏教の宗教文学の分類のいずれか
- any of a fairly recent class of Hindu or Buddhist religious literature concerned with ritual acts of body and speech and mind
- 巡礼は宗教色が強く、巡拝はどちらかと言えば観光や娯楽の意味合いが強いとされるが、明確な区別はない。
- Junrei has a more religious aspect and Junpai is generally geared towards sightseeing and leisure, but there is no clear distinction in meaning.
- 宗教・祭祀用具としての機能をもち、近代に西洋よりガラス鏡が伝来普及するまで一般に広く使われていた。
- It functioned as a religious, rites and festivals tool and it had been widely used until modern times in which grass mirrors were introduced from the West and spread.
- サウジアラビア政府は巡礼地での礼拝時の宗教的興奮において起こると危惧される政治的混乱を恐れている。
- The Saudi Arabian government is wary of political confusion that may occur during times of religious excitement during worship time at pilgrimage sites.
- しかし、あまりに数多くの宗派が発生した為に、どの宗教宗派も大量の信者を獲得しているとはいいがたい。
- So many religious schools have appeared that few religions and schools have gained sufficient followers.
- 日本では宗教上の理由などから、「肉食」が忌避されたり、公式には禁止される時期が歴史上で度々あった。
- In Japan, meat-eating was a taboo or was officially prohibited in many eras throughout the history, for example, for a religious reason.
- 頼之は応安大法を実施して土地支配を強固なものにし、京都や鎌倉の五山制度を整えて宗教統制を強化した。
- Yoriyuki implemented Oan no Taiho, a land expropriation law, to consolidate land management, and developed the Five Mountain System in Kyoto and Kamakura to strengthen control over religion.
- 自力での攻囲軍排除を不可能と判断した六郎や木沢たちは、かねてからの一向宗と法華宗の宗教対立を利用。
- Rokuro and Kizawa had concluded that it would be impossible to defeat the besieging army on their own, and decided to use the religious confrontation between the Ikkoshu sect and the Hokkeshu sect.
- 太平洋戦争中に、政府の宗教政策により、古義真言宗と新義真言宗の合同が計られ、大真言宗に統合された。
- During the Pacific War, the Kogi Shingon (Old Shingon) sect and the Shingi Shingon (New Shingon) sect were combined and united with the Dai-Shingon sect (literally, the Great Shingon sect) due to the government's policy on religion.
- 1941年(昭和16年)に宗教団体法により、顕本法華宗と本門宗と日蓮宗が合同し、日蓮宗と公称する。
- In 1941, Kenpon Hokke Sect, Honmon Sect and Nichiren Sect consolidated in accordance with the Religious Corporation Act and the new sect officially named itself Nichiren Sect.
- 摂関家の人物が印相と真言を伝授する行為は、宗教的な儀式というよりも摂関家の家業としての色彩が強い。
- The act to initiate mudra and mantra by a person from Sekkan-ke has the color of the family business of Sekkan-ke rather than being a religious ritual.
- 日本の庭園様式の変遷をひもとけば、建築様式の変化や大陸からの宗教や思想の影響が庭を変化させている。
- When reading the books related transition of the forms of Japanese gardens, it is understood that change of a style of building and influences of religion and thoughts came from the Asian Continent changed the form of Nihon teien.
- ヒンドゥー教は非常に雑多な宗教であるが、そこにはヴェーダの時代から続く悟りの探求の長い歴史がある。
- Hinduism is a varied and complex religion with a long history seeking enlightenment since the age of Veda.
- 一般的には、これらの宗教圏では、遺体を焼くことは死者への侮辱と取られる場合すらあるといわれている。
- It is said that in this religious sphere in general, burning the dead body might be considered as an insult to the dead.
- 仏教は、幕府の宗教政策の一貫として民衆支配の方策として用いられたために(檀家制度)一概に不振だった。
- Buddhism was not so popular in general because it was used by the shogunate government as a ruling measure of people (the parishioner system) as a part of religious policies.
- これに対して朝廷も、僧位・僧官の昇進権を媒介に上級僧侶を組織して、宗教界への支配を強化しようとした。
- On the other hand, the Imperial Court tried to organize the upper-ranked Buddhist monks through the promotion to Soi (rank of Buddhist priests) and Sokan (official positions given to Buddhist priests by the Imperial Court) to strengthen their control over the religious world.
- 日本の歴史上に残る貨幣発行は全て流通貨幣であり、厭勝銭という宗教的な目的の貨幣発行を示す記録はない。
- All the currency issuances in the history of Japan was circulating money and there is no record referring to those of incantation coin for religious purpose.
- 鼓楼(ころう)は、古来中華人民共和国及び、その文化影響圏の城内・都市内・宗教施設敷地内に建てられる。
- From ancient times, drum towers (ko-ro towers) were built inside castles, cities and the sites of religious institutions in the People's Republic of China and areas influenced by the Chinese culture.
- 松尾寺の仏舞(まつのおでらのほとけまい)は、京都府舞鶴市にある松尾寺 (舞鶴市)に伝わる宗教的儀式。
- The Matsunoo-dera Temple hotokemai (Buddhist dance) is a religious ritual conducted at Matsunoo-dera Temple (Maizuru City) in Maizuru City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 1927年(昭和2年)、1929年(昭和4年)にも宗教法案が議会で提案されるが、審理未了に終わった。
- Another draft law of religion was proposed to parliament in 1927 and 1929, but they never got to the debating stage.
- また、2007年には立命館大学で開かれた連続講義「現代社会と宗教」において学生との対話を行っている。
- In addition, in 2007, he made dialog with students in the serial lecture of 'Modern society and religion' at Ritsumeikan University.
- 浄土真宗親鸞会(じょうどしんしゅうしんらんかい)は、1958年に発足した、浄土真宗系の新宗教の一つ。
- Jodo Shinshu Shinrankai (founded in 1958) is a new sect of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) Sect.
- 宗教改革の影響を受けない西方教会だが、現在ローマカトリック教会び抑圧されている下級聖職位のうちの1つ
- one of the minor orders in the unreformed Western Church but now suppressed in the Roman Catholic Church
- しかし宗教書の場合その意義を必ずしも否定するものではなく両者は別の範疇に入ることに留意する必要がある。
- However, it should be noted that with religious books, simply being a gisho does not necessarily strip a book of its significance, and as a result this sort of gisho should be considered a separate category.
- 観光や学校などによる社会科見学など、宗教的な意味あいの薄いものについて「参詣」と言い分けることもある。
- The word 'sankei' may be used in stead of sanpai for a less religious visit to a shrine or a temple such as sightseeing or school field trip.
- 法華一揆(ほっけいっき)とは、日本の戦国時代 (日本)(1532年・天文1年)の京都における宗教一揆。
- The 'Hokke Ikki' is the religious riot which occurred in Kyoto, of the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) around 1532, in Japan.
- 二宮尊徳の話をまとめた『二宮翁夜話』という書物には、宗教多元主義を示す次のような譬え話も含まれている。
- 'Night Talks of the venerable Mr. Sontoku Ninomiya' (Ninomiya-o Yawa) contains the following allegory of religious pluralism.
- 1946年(昭和21年)2月2日に廃止され、神社の管轄は翌日設立された宗教法人神社本庁に引き継がれた。
- The Jingiin was abolished on February 2, 1946, and jurisdiction for matters relating to shrines was taken over by the Jinja Honcho (Association of Shinto Shrines) on the following day.
- 祭壇は各宗教によって異なり、大小さまざまであるが、最も大きなものは中国で天を祭った祭壇(天壇)である。
- The style and size of altars varies from religion to religion, with the biggest one being the Temple of Heaven in China, made to enshrine Heaven.
- しかし、本居宣長以来指摘されているように天つ罪・国つ罪は宗教的に関わりの深い「罪」を挙げたものである。
- As Norinaga MOTOORI and the successors pointed out, however, Amatsu tsumi and Kunitsu tsumi were crimes that were closely related to religion.
- ザビエルは鹿児島で布教する日々の中で、福昌寺の住職で友人の忍室(にんじつ)と宗教論争を行う事を好んだ。
- While Xavier did missionary work in Kagoshima, he liked to debate about religion with his friend Ninjitsu, who was the chief priest at Fukusho-ji Temple.
- 富士門流(日蓮正宗など)や在家宗教系である創価学会などでは、「なんみょうほうれんげきょう」と発音する。
- Believers of the Fujimon-ryu sect (Nichiren Shoshu sect) and Soka Gakkai, which is a lay religion, pronounce 'Nanmyohorengekyo.'
- 1919年(大正8年) 管理ができず放置され荒廃していたが、宗教法人大本が購入して整備し、現在に至る。
- In 1919, Omoto (a religious institution) bought the castle as it was poorly maintained and dilapidated, refurbished it, and has occupied it to the present day.
- 1941年(昭和16年)に宗教団体法により、本妙法華宗と本門法華宗と法華宗が合同し、法華宗と公称する。
- In 1941, the Honmyo Hokke Sect, Honmon Hokke Sect and Hokke Sect were amalgamated as prescribed by the Religious Corporations Ordinance whereby becoming publicly referred to as the Hokke Sect.
- 1941年(昭和16年)に宗教団体法により、法華宗と本門法華宗と本妙法華宗が合同し、法華宗と公称する。
- In 1941, the Hokke sect, Honmon Hokke sect and Honmyo Hokke sect were amalgamated as prescribed by the Religious Corporations Ordinance whereby becoming publicly referred to as the Hokke Sect.
- 1941年(昭和16年)に宗教団体法により、本門法華宗と本妙法華宗と法華宗が合同し、法華宗と公称する。
- 1941: The Honmon Hokke Sect and Honmyo Hokke Sect combined to form the Hokke Sect.
- In 1941, Honmon Hokke Sect, Honmyo Hokke Sect and Hokke Sect merged together pursuant to the Religious Corporations Act and officially named itself Hokke Sect.
- 日本独特といわれる「道具にも神や命が宿る」という宗教観(針供養・道具塚)をあらわす根源的なものである。
- It is a typical tool to express the unique view of religion in Japan which is expressed in the phrase, 'God exists even in tools and tools have lives' (seen in the custom of having a memorial service for dull and broken needles and the graves for tools).
- 墓式に関しては、家族の関わる仏教各宗派に属するものが圧倒的に多いが、最近では無宗教のものも増えている。
- Very many graves belong to each sect of Buddhism relating to each family; however, the number of irreligious graves is on the rise recently.
- 6代宗仁は早稲田大学出身で宗教や哲学に通じた学者でもあり、全国日本学士会よりアカデミア賞を授与された。
- The sixth head, Sojin, a graduate of Waseda University, was awarded with Academia prize of Zenkoku Nihon Gakushikai (the Academic Society of Japan) as a scholar adept in religion and philosophy.
- カトリックのフランシス・アリンゼら、世界の七大宗教の指導者24人が比叡山に集い、世界の平和を祈願した。
- 24 leaders from the seven biggest religions all over the world including Francis Arinze from the Catholic church gathered at Mt. Hiei, and prayed for the world peace.
- 幕藩体制においては、朝廷は幕府の制約を受けていたが、権威的秩序、宗教的な頂点の存在として位置づけられた。
- In the shogunate system, the Imperial Court had restrictions put on it by the shogunate, but it was nominally situated at the top of the order of authority and the religious system.
- 皇民化運動は国語運動、改姓名、志願兵制度、宗教・社会風俗改革の4点からなる、台湾人の日本人化運動である。
- The kominka movement was the forced transformation of the Taiwanese into loyal subjects of the emperor, consisting of the four major campaigns: the encouragement to speak Japanese, the change of names to Japanese names, the military volunteer system and the religious, social and life style reforms.
- 江戸時代の始まりは南蛮貿易の終わりと重なり、ヨーロッパ人との経済的、宗教的に交易がある程度の域に達した。
- The beginning of the Edo period overlapped the end of trade with Spain and Portugal, and in this period the economic and religious relationship with Europeans arrived at certain extent.
- 上御霊神社という社名は下御霊神社に対応するもので、現在は宗教法人としての正式名を「御靈神社」としている。
- The name Kami-goryo-jinja Shrine corresponds to that of Shimo-goryo-jinja Shrine and its current formal name as a religious corporation is Goryo-jinja Shrine.
- 明恵が自分の見た夢を記録した日記であり、夢の中での宗教的経験が彼の思想に大きく影響していることがわかる。
- A record that Myoe kept of his dreams, the religious experiences of which are said to have greatly influenced his way of thinking.
- 羅列すると、まず、政治史的立場、つぎに、宗教的立場、そして、寺院史的立場、最後に、美術史的立場、となる。
- That is, the first is political history, the second is religion, the third is temple history, and the last is art history.
- 布教にあたっては正信の証として現世利益を強調することが強く、加えて他宗・他宗教に対する批判も激しかった。
- Its preaching emphasized the Genseriyaku as proof of the right religion, and strongly criticized other sects and religious groups.
- 現在ある時宗教団は、この他阿の系統を引く藤沢道場清浄光寺が、ほかの念仏聖の教団を吸収して近世に成立した。
- The modern Ji Sect was established in early modern times when the Fujisawa-dojo seminary Shojoko-ji Temple, which followed this Taa system, absorbed other nenbutsu denominations.
- また、醍醐寺の密教の法流を汲んだと主張する新宗教の真如苑では、斉の字を当てて「斉燈護摩」と呼称している。
- Shinnyoen, a new religion alleging that they belong to the lineage of the Esoteric Buddhism of Daigo-ji Temple, calls it '斉燈護摩' (saitogoma) using the character 斉.
- 何よりも、神の存在を完全に否定している事から、宗教として扱われる思想ではない、という見解が圧倒的に多い。
- Above all, an overwhelming majority believe it is a thought that should not be treated as a religion, due to the fact that it completely denies the existence of god.
- 岩波書店『日本中世の国家と宗教』(1975年)で「中世における顕密体制の展開」というタイトルで発表した。
- The theory was proposed under the title 'Development of Kenmitsu System in Medieval Japan' in the book 'Medieval Nation and Religion in Japan' (1975) published by Iwanami Shoten, Publishers.
- 政治的であるか宗教的な狙いを達成することを希望するため、一般人に対する暴力の意図的な行使を含む不意の攻撃
- a surprise attack involving the deliberate use of violence against civilians in the hope of attaining political or religious aims
- 未生流の創始者である未生斎一甫は、当初華道を行う中で、儒教・老荘思想・仏教の宗教的観念を根本的思想にした。
- During the initial stage of practicing the flower arrangement, Ippo MISHOSAI, the founder of Misho school, formed a core of its basic philosophy associated with the religious concepts of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism.
- 宋代以降に文人による篆刻が盛んになると、座右の銘や漢詩、宗教的な語句、風流な文などを印文とするようになる。
- In Song Dynasty and later when tenkoku (seal carving using special Chinese characters, Tensho) by men of literature became popular, cherished motto, Chinese poetry, religious phrases and refined sentences came to be used as inmon.
- キリシタンに対しても寛容な対応を示すなど、仏教(宗派に関係なく)、神道、キリスト教など幅広い宗教を認めた。
- He showed tolerant attitude toward Christians and allowed various religions such as Buddhism (all sects), Shinto and Christianity.
- 宗教法人としての公称は「教王護国寺」(きょうおうごこくじ)、詳名は金光明四天王教王護国寺秘密伝法院である。
- As a religious organization its registered name is 'Kyoogokoku-ji', with the detailed description being Konkoumyo Shitenno Kyoogokoku-ji Himitsudenpoin.
- 元々六斎念仏とは踊念仏の流れを汲む宗教行事であり、今なおその形式で継承されているものも全国各地で見られる。
- Rokusai Nenbutsu was originally a religious rite that descended from the practice of odori nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation dance) and similar traditions also originating from this source can be seen all over Japan.
- 地元の農民は無実を信じ、教育者、宗教者であり、遠縁にもあたりかねてより森近を良く知る佐藤範雄に助命を依頼。
- The local farmers believed his innocence, and they implored Norio SATO, who was the distant relative of Morichika to know him well and also a well-known educator and religious person, to spare the life of Morichika.
- 政権確立後は各種寺院法度の発布や本末制度・檀家制度の確立を通じて日本全国を対象とした宗教統制策を遂行した。
- After he came to power, controls on religions all over Japan were placed through the promulgation of various jiinhatto (Act of Temples) and the establishment of honmatsu seido (main-branch temple system) and danka seido (parishioner system).
- 現存する平安時代以前の神社建築には、上述した山岳宗教の遺構「三仏寺投入堂」と宇治上神社本殿があるのみである。
- The 'Nageire-do Hall of the Sanbutsu-ji Temple,' a remnant of mountain religion described earlier, and Ujigami-jinja Shrine Honden (main shrine building) are the only existing examples of shrine architecture before the Heian period.
- 例えば不動産を取得している場合にかかる固定資産税は基本的に学校や宗教施設の場合は課税しないというものがある。
- For example, schools and religious institutions are not subject to Fixed Property Tax which is imposed on the acquisition of real estate.
- こうした日本古来の山岳信仰が神道、仏教、道教などと習合し、日本独自の宗教として発達をとげたのが修験道である。
- Shugendo was developed as an mountain religion unique to Japan through incorporation of Shinto religion, Buddhism, Taoism, and so forth.
- 娘には清閑寺治房(大納言)正室、鍋島宗教(肥前国佐賀藩主)正室、溝口重元(越後国新発田藩主)正室などがいる。
- He had daughters, the lawful wife of 清閑寺治房 (Dainagon), the lawful wife of Munenori NABESHIMA (the lord of the Saga Domain of Hizen Province) and the lawful wife of Shigemoto MIZOGUCHI (the lord of Echigo Shibata domain).
- 信者数約694万人は浄土真宗(真宗)の各宗派中最大であり、また、仏教系の宗教法人の中でも最大数を誇っている。
- The believers number approximately 6,940,000, which is the largest among Jodo Shinshu sects (Shinshu sects) and among Buddhist religious corporations as well.
- 江戸時代、幕府の宗教政策である寺請制度により、何れかの寺院を菩提寺と定めその檀家になることが義務付けられた。
- In the Edo period, contemporary bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) instituted as a part of its policy for religions the Terauke seido (the system of organizing whole temples in Japan with registration of follower families) and made it mandatory for every family to become a parishioner of any temple designated as its bodaiji (a family temple).
- 1941年(昭和16年)、時局緊迫を理由に政府当局が教祖、宗祖や教義を同じくする諸宗教、諸宗派に統合を迫る。
- In 1941 the government ordered in the name of the state of emergency that the religions and sects having the same founder of religion or the same founder of sect or the same dharma should be consolidated.
- 近年では、場所は「寺社の境内」とは限らなくなっており、また宗教性を帯びない行事として執り行われることも多い。
- These days, the dance is not necessarily held in 'the precincts of a shrine,' and mostly it is a non-religious event.
- このため、儒教を思想とみなすか宗教とみなすかでは、完全に見解が分かれており、たびたび論争の焦点になっている。
- Thus, opinions are completely divided on whether to view Ju-kyo as a thought or a religion, and this has often been the point of dispute.
- 拝観は宗教行為であるとする観点から、拝観料への課税は信教の自由を保障する憲法違反ではないかとする意見もあった。
- From the point of view that visiting temples and shrines is a religious activity, there was another opinion that the taxation of the entrance fee may be an act repugnant to the Constitution, which ensures freedom of religion.
- 禅宗が盛んになる13世紀中期以降は枯山水が流行し、15世紀後期まで、仏教美術と非宗教美術の双方ともが繁栄した。
- After the middle of the 13th century when the Zen sect was in full bloom, karesansui (dry garden style) became popular, and both Buddhist art and nonreligious art were prosperous until the latter half of the 15th century.
- 山腹には現世信仰で知られる宝山寺を中心として、滝の修行場や祠など大小さまざまな宗教団体の施設が設けられている。
- Facilities including sites for practicing cold water ablutions by a fall (stand under a waterfall), or hokora (a small shrine) of large and small religious organizations centering on Hozan-ji Temple, which is known for belief in material benefits, are located on the mountainside.
- 江戸時代の学寮、学林時代からの仏教に関する学問的、資料的蓄積があり、多くの宗教学者や著名な僧侶を輩出している。
- Since the university started in the form of 'Gakuryo'and then 'Gakurin' in the Edo period, it has accumulated academic acievements and historical materials about Buddhism and has produced many religious scholars and famous Buddhist priests.
- 「万福寺」と表記されることもあるが、宗教法人としての名称は「萬福寺」であるため、本項でも「萬福寺」と表記する。
- The 'Man' character of the temple's name 'Manpuki-ji' is sometimes written using the simplified kanji (万), but the temple's legal name uses the traditional kanji character (萬).
- 同志社大学・龍谷大学・大谷大学・高野山大学・花園大学・種智院大学とともに京都・宗教系大学院連合に加盟している。
- It is affiliated with the Kyoto Graduate Union of Religious Studies with Doshisha University, Ryukoku University, Otani University, Koyasan University, Hanazono University and Shuchiin University.
- 天つ罪・国つ罪は、宗教と政治と法制が密接であった古代日本における「罪」に対する考え方を窺い知るのに重要である。
- Amatsu tsumi and Kunitsu tsumi are important concepts in understanding the view of 'crimes' in ancient Japan, where religion, politics, and legislation were closely related.
- しかし、ロシア革命によって無神論を掲げ宗教弾圧を行うボリシェヴィキが政権を握るとロシア正教会は大弾圧を蒙った。
- But the Russian Orthodox Church suffered terrible oppression once the Bolsheviks--who advocated atheism and instituted a campaign of religious persecution--came to power following the Russian Revolution.
- 細川氏へ取り入って自らの地位向上に努める中、政敵の排除には一向宗と法華宗の宗教対立まで利用する狡猾さを見せた。
- He tried to elevate his position by gaining the favor of the Hosokawa clan, and to eliminate his political enemies he showed the cunning of using religious conflict between the Ikko and Hokke sects.
- 西谷 啓治(にしたに けいじ、1900年2月27日 - 1990年11月24日)は、日本の哲学・宗教哲学研究。
- Keiji NISHITANI (February 27, 1900 - November 24, 1990) was a Japanese researcher who studied philosophy and the philosophy of religion.
- 大真言宗から1946年(昭和21年)高野山真言宗として独立、1952年(昭和27年)2月18日に宗教法人認証。
- It became independent as Koyasan Shingon sect from the Dai Shingon sect in 1946, and was granted religious corporation status on February 18, 1952.
- また日本においては、原始宗教であるアミニズムが色濃く残っており、弓矢は吉凶を占う道具としての側面も持っている。
- In addition, in Japan, animism, a primitive religion, is still believed in strongly and Yumiya has the aspect as a tool to tell fortunes.
- 宗教的(仏教など)な考えに基づく理由…胎児が母親の胎内にいる期間(十月十日〈とつきとおか〉)も年齢に加算する。
- It is based on religious thinking (such as Buddhism): The nine months that the unborn baby stays in her mother's womb is counted in age.
- 一方で九条兼実と頻繁に交流し、その子良円を託されて弟子とするなど、慈円らとともに九条家の宗教的護持にあたった。
- He mixed with Kanezane KUJO very often, who entrusted his son Ryoen to Shinen as a disciple, and offered religious support to the Kujo family with Jien and others.
- 明治5年(1872年)9月から翌年7月にかけて、ヨーロッパ各国を歴訪し宗教事情を視察、教団の近代化に寄与した。
- From September 1872 to July the following year, he visited European countries to inspect the religious background there to modernize the sect.
- この時代は、日本が初めて外来の宗教である仏教を受け入れ、その後の文化の下地をつくったという点で重要な時期である。
- This period is significant, because Japan accepted Buddhism then - the first religion from abroad - and by that means laid the foundation of its culture after that.
- それによって陰陽師の身分もなくなる事になり、陰陽師たちは庇護を失い転職するか、独自の宗教活動をするようになった。
- This deprived Onmyoji of their social status, and Onmyoji, who lost patronage, changed jobs, or went into their own religious activities.
- 教導職は半官半民の任命制であり、神官・神職、僧侶などの宗教家を始め、落語家や歌人、俳人なども教導職に任命された。
- The kyodoshoku was a semi-governmental appointive position, and not only members of religious groups such as Shinto priests and Buddhist monks but also Rakugo story tellers, Waka poets, Haiku poets, etc. were appointed to the position.
- 古墳文化の広がりは宗教儀礼の広がりでもあり、これとヤマト王権が結びつくとの意見もあるが根拠は明確にされていない。
- Some people say that the spread of the tumulus culture shows the spread of religious rituals, associating it with the Yamato kingship, that was not well-grounded.
- 『古事記』に登場する神々が、多くの神社で祭神として祀られ、今日に至るまで日本の宗教文化に多大な影響を与えている。
- The gods that appeared in the 'Kojiki' are enshrined as saijin (main enshrined deities) in many shrines, and they have been significantly influencing the religious culture of Japan until today.
- 鉄道事業法による許可を受けた鉄道としては唯一の、宗教法人が運営しているケーブルカーであり、日本一短い鉄道である。
- Of all the railways that have been granted permission to operate under the Railway Business Act, it is the only one that is operated by a religious corporation, and it is also the shortest in distance.
- 波多野 精一(はたの せいいち、1877年7月21日 - 1950年1月17日)は、日本の哲学史家・宗教哲学者。
- Seiichi HATANO (July 21, 1877- January 17, 1950) was a Japanese expert in the history of philosophy and in the philosophy of religion.
- 本門佛立宗(ほんもんぶつりゅうしゅう)は、長松清風によって開かれた、日蓮を宗祖と仰ぐ、法華系の一派である新宗教。
- Honmon Butsuryu Sect was the new religious sect of the school of the Hokke sect; it was founded by Seifu NAGAMATSU, who was of a school of Nichiren, and worshiped Nichiren as the origin of the sect.
- 修験道は日本古来の山岳信仰を中心にしつつ、神道、仏教、道教、陰陽道などが習合し確立された、日本独特の宗教である。
- Shugendo is a uniquely Japanese religion that united, with Japanese traditional mountain worship at its core, the Shinto religion, Buddhism, Taoism and Onmyodo (occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements).
- 昭和25年(1950年)に、法相宗からの独立を果たす(宗教法人として認可されたのは、昭和27年(1952年))。
- It separated from the Hosso sect in 1950 and was granted status as religious corporation in 1952.
- 仏教に対峙するヴェーダの宗教系で使われる悟りは意識の状態で、人が到達することの出来る最高の状態のいくつかを言う。
- In contrast to Buddhism, Veda-related religion refers to enlightenment as the state of consciousness, one of the supreme states that human beings can attain.
- 18世紀になると宗教調査的な目的も薄れ、人口動態を確認し、徴税などのための基礎資料として活用されるようになった。
- In the 18th century, with its purpose as religion investigation being attenuated, Shumon Ninbetsu Aratame Cho were used as basic documents for the check of the nation's population (census) and for the collection of taxes and so on.
- クルジスタンのイラク側にいるイスラム過激派のテロリストで、米国によって提唱される独立した非宗教的な国家に反対する
- a radical Islamic group of terrorists in the Iraqi part of Kurdistan who oppose an independent secular nation as advocated by the United States
- なお、類した表現として「権門勢家」があるが、これは院宮王臣家だけでなく、宗教勢力や武家勢力をも含む上位概念である。
- In addition to the term 'Engu oshinke,' there is the term 'Kenmon seika,' which is similar in meaning but carries a broader concept, referring collectively to Engu oshinke, powerful religious institutions and samurai families.
- 教部省(きょうぶしょう)は明治初期の太政官制度のもと、宗教統制による国民教化の目的で設置された中央官庁組織である。
- Kyobusho (Ministry of Religion) is the central governmental organ founded for the purpose of national edification by controlling religion under Dajokan System (the system of Great Council of State) established in the early Meiji period.
- 死人が生き返ったなど、他の巡礼にも付き物の説話は数多くあるが、巡礼を拒んだ真宗教徒が神罰を受ける話がまま見られる。
- Okage mairi, as well as other pilgrimages, was accompanied by many folktales, such as one about the dead coming back to life, and there were sometimes stories where followers of the Shinshu sect who refused to join the pilgrimage were punished by God.
- このため宗教的行事におけるどぶろくの製造と飲用は、許可を受ければ前出の酒税法罰則適用外(酒税は課税される)となる。
- Accordingly, by obtaining permission, people can escape from being punished for making and drinking Doburoku at a religious ceremony under the aforementioned Liquor Tax Act (however, subject to liquor tax).
- 基本的には、古神道を始まりとする神道全体においては、古神道や他の宗教と習合した民間信仰や神社神道や皇室神道がある。
- Basically all the sects of Shinto have originated from the Ancient Shinto, and include the folk beliefs that other religions syncretized, the Shrine Shinto, and the Imperial Household Shinto.
- 伊藤真聰(いとう しんそう、本名:真砂子、1942年(昭和17年)4月25日 -)は宗教家で真如苑現苑主(継主)。
- Shinso ITO (April 25th 1942-) is a person of religion and the present Shinnyoen Buddhist (heir), whose real name is Masako ITO.
- 転じて、カバラやブードゥー教など、神秘主義・象徴主義的な教義を持つ仏教以外の宗教宗派も、密教と呼ばれる場合がある。
- By extension, the religion and sects that have mystical and symbolic dharma, such as cabala, kabbalah and Booduism, other than Buddhism, are in some cases referred to as Mikkyo.
- 一向宗に傾倒する一般庶民達は、専修念仏の宗教的な思想よりも、阿弥陀如来や念仏の持つ法力を求めていたとも考えられる。
- Ordinary people believing in the Ikko Sect are thought to have wished for the power held by Amida Nyorai and Nenbutsu rather than the religious thinking of Senju Nenbutsu.
- 一般的に葬礼は仏式で行われることが多く、結婚式はキリスト教式あるいは神式で、といった宗教形式の混在現象が見られる。
- There is seen such a phenomenon of mixed religious form as funeral services are generally held in accordance with Buddhist rituals, and wedding ceremonies are held in accordance with the Christian or Shinto rituals.
- 吹合所の指南役であった初代琴古は、これらの曲の譜字のや習曲順の整理を行い、宗教音楽をはなれた琴古流の基礎を築いた。
- As head instructor at the fukiawase-dokoro, Kinko KUROSAWA set the pieces he had gathered to notation and established an order in which the repertoire of honkyoku was to be studied, as well as laid the foundation enabling the Kinko school to later adapt the shakuhachi to secular music.
- 浄土真宗と標榜しているものの、本尊に釈迦如来、阿弥陀如来の二尊を立てるなど、他の真宗教団とは教義的にも関連が薄い。
- Although it aims for the Jodo Shinshu sect, it doesn't have strong relations with other religious communities of Jodo Shinshu sects in terms of religious principles, as it has adopted the two honzon (principal image of Buddha) of Shaka Nyorai (Shakyamuni) and Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata).
- 本来は仏教に限らず、広く古代インド宗教全般に見られ、特に断食行や針山の上に坐禅をするなどの苦行の行者が有名である。
- Originally its use was not limited to Buddhism only, but was used in all the Indian ancient religions; gyoja's penance such as fasting or sitting on a batch of needles are especially famous.
- 宗教に依存しないと言っても、仏式における読経の部分をなくし、通夜、告別式等は通常通りに行なわれるだけの場合もある。
- Regardless of their independence of religions, some funerals are conducted in a way where Tsuya, kokubetsushiki, and so on are observed as usual, only without the part of Dokyo (sutra-chanting) of a Buddhist funeral.
- 天台宗教学部長、天台宗勧学院院長、延暦寺本坊滋賀院門跡をへて、昭和49年(1974年)、第253世天台座主に就任。
- He became the 253rd Tendai-zashu in 1974, after serving as the head of the academic department of the Tendai sect, the director of educational institution of Tendai sect and the head priest of Shiga-in, honbo (priests' main residence) of Enryaku-ji Temple.
- 導師ナーナクによって16世紀に北インドで創立され、ヒンズー教とイスラム教の要素を結合している一神教信者の宗教の教義
- the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam
- 争乱の排除をめざして浄土真宗本願寺教団によって組織された武士、農民、商工業者などによって形成された宗教的自治である。
- In an effort to avoid disturbances, the leadership of the Jodo Shinshu Honganji organization organized its followers of warriors, farmers, and craftsmen/merchants, thereby instituting a religiously based autonomous government over them.
- 仏教や神道を奉ずる大名の中にも、僧侶たちの意見を聞き入れ外来の宗教であるキリスト教を『邪教』として弾圧する者もいた。
- Among those daimyo who professed faith in Buddhism or Shinto, some took heed of the monks' or priests' views and branded Christianity, a foreign religion, a type of 'heresy,' oppressing its followers.
- 9世紀になり、日本が次第に中国と距離を置き、自国の表現方法を生み出し始めると、今度は非宗教的な美術に重点が置かれた。
- While Japan kept some distance from China in the ninth century, Japanese people started to create their own means of expression in the ninth century and then an emphasis was placed on nonreligious art.
- 1987年には、大谷派と包括・被包括の関係にあった宗教法人としての本願寺が法的に解散され、宗派と一体のものとされた。
- It was a religious corporation overseen by the Otani sect until 1987, at which time Hongan-ji Temple was legally dissolved and absorbed by the sect.
- 戦国時代最大の武装宗教勢力であった浄土真宗本願寺は第十一世門主・顕如の死後、顕如の長男・教如と三男・准如が対立した。
- In Hongan-ji Temple of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), which was the largest armed religious power in the Sengoku period, Kyonyo, the eldest son of Kennyo, the eleventh chief priest of the temple, and Junnyo, the third son of him confronted after Kennyo died.
- これは京都の公家衆・堺の町衆などで法華宗の信者が多く、その宗教ネットワークを最大限に利用しようというものだったのだ。
- This was meant to take advantage of the religious network in the Kinai region because many of the Kugeshu (court nobles) in Kyoto and machi-shu (towns people) in Sakai were believers of the Hokke sect.
- 明治17年(1884年)以降、昭和26年(1951年)に宗教法人法の施行によって独立するまで曹洞宗の教会として活動。
- It had been a temple of the Soto sect since 1884, but ultimately it gained independence through the implementation of the Religious Corporation Act in 1951.
- 、山下は天地鬼神や祖先への祭祀を儒教の中心に据え、加地は宗教を死を語るものと定義して祖先崇拝を儒教の本質としている。
- Yamashita centered Ju-kyo around the gods and souls in the world and religious service for the ancestors, while Kaji defined religion as something that speaks about death, and claimed that ancestor worship was the essence of Ju-kyo.
- 太平洋戦争にともなう、政府の宗教政策により再び、古義真言宗派と新義真言宗派の合同が図られ、大真言宗に統合させられた。
- During the Pacific War, the government tried to integrate the Kogi Shingon sect and the Shingi Shingon sect again, and they were integrated into the Daishingon sect.
- 海難に際しての宗教的儀式にとどまらず、現場検証や補償、役人の証文交付など一連の必要な手続きをくるめて浦終いと呼ばれた。
- Urajimai included not only religious ceremonies, but also a series of necessary procedures such as on-site investigations, compensations, bond issuance by officials and so on.
- 山門駅(さんもんえき)は、京都府京都市左京区にある宗教法人鞍馬寺が運行するケーブルカー、鞍馬山鋼索鉄道の鉄道駅である。
- Sanmon Station is a stop on the Mount Kurama Cable Railway, which is operated by Kurama-dera Temple, a religious corporation located in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 戦時の抑圧を脱し、信教の自由を回復した天理教は、革新運動を放棄して復元に転じ、現在も有力な新興宗教として活動している。
- The Tenri sect, which was freed from the suppression during the war and restored freedom of faith, gave up its reform activity and turned to restoration, and currently is working as a powerful emerging religion.
- 歴史や宗教哲学のものを除けば韻文が中心だった中国文学の歴史の中で、五経のひとつとして中国最古の詩編『詩経』が生まれた。
- Historically, Chinese literature had centered on verse, except for historical pieces and pieces about the philosophy of religion, and the oldest anthology of Chinese poems is 'Shi Jing', which is one of the Five Classic Texts of Confucianism.
- 最晩年に示された「絶対矛盾的自己同一」は、哲学用語と言うより宗教用語のように崇められたり、逆に厳しく批判されたりした。
- The 'absolutely paradoxical identity theory' shown in his last years was evaluated or harshly criticized as being a religious term as opposed to a philosophical term.
- それを元手にし、東京府青山 (東京都港区)の穏田に1000坪の土地を購入してここに新興宗教団体「大日本精神団」を設立。
- With that property, he bought 1000 tsubo (unit of land measurement; 3.95 square yards; 3.31 square meters) of land in Onden, Aoyama, Tokyo Prefecture to establish the new religious group 'Dainippon-seishindan.'
- 3.(或いは4.も)から来た用法は逆に世間に埋没している状態を含み、元の宗教的意味と一般用法との乖離が生じてしまった。
- The usage 3 (and supposedly the usage 4) includes the state opposite to 'Shusseken', i.e., the state of being wrapped in 'Seken', which shows that the general usage diverges from the original religious meaning.
- また、一遍と違い一向の教えは踊り念仏を行うとはいえ、念仏そのものに特別な宗教的意義を見出す事は少なかったとされている。
- It is considered that the teachings of Ikko Shunsho were the same as those of Ippen in that both performed Odorinenbutsu, but different in that Ikko Shunsho did not put any particular religious meaning in the Buddhist invocation in his Odorinenbutsu.
- その為、世界各地の文化文明や神々や宗教と繋がり、美術や彫刻、歴史的な物語や故事などにもよく登場する普遍的な物でもある。
- Therefore, it has been related to culture, civilization, gods and religions in various parts of the world, and often represented in art, sculpture, historical stories and tradition universally.
- 江戸時代後期ごろ、日本の古典を研究する学問国学のなかから、“外来宗教伝来以前の日本人固有の考え方”という発想が起こった。
- During the latter half of the Edo period, the idea of 'original way of thinking by Japanese people prior to the introduction of foreign religions' arose in the studies of Japanese literature and culture, which emphasized Japanese classical literature.
- 初めは与える方も宗教的な思いもあって寄付をしていたが、徐々にもらう方ももらって当然と考えるようになり感謝もしなくなった。
- At first almsgivers gave charity partly because of religious ideas, but receivers came to take alms for granted.
- 宗教法人としての公称は教王護国寺であり、たとえば、五重塔の国宝指定官報告示の際の指定名称は教王護国寺五重塔となっている。
- The official name of the religious organization is Kyoogokoku-ji, therefore, for example, the name listed in the register of national treasures for the Goju-no-to (5-story pagoda) is Kyoogokoku-ji Goju-no-to.
- しかし、泉涌寺の占有・居住を継続したため、福知山市周辺において日蓮正宗の宗教活動に支障を生じたため建立されたものである。
- However, his continued residence at Sennyu-ji Temple hindered the activities of the Nichiren Shoshu Sect in the Fukuchiyama City area, and it is for this reason that Kenmyo-ji Temple was established.
- 古神道は、原始宗教ともいわれ、世界各地で人が社会を持った太古の昔から、自然発生的に生まれその様相は、押並べて同様である。
- Koshinto is also termed a primitive religion, similar to those that sprang up naturally all over the world when people first formed into societies in the most ancient times.
- 信教の自由は、何人に対してもこれを保障する。いかなる宗教団体も、国から特権を受け、又は政治上の権力を行使してはならない。
- Freedom of religion is guaranteed to all. No religious organization shall receive any privileges from the State, nor exercise any political authority.
- 宗教的な儀式性と健康法を結びつけ、それを稽古の目的の一つとしていることも、他の武道には余り見られないユニークな点である。
- Another unique point rarely seen in other martial arts is that aikido links its religious ceremonial nature with physical fitness and positions it as one of the purposes of training.
- 2006年にはインター・アクション・カウンシルにオブザーバー参加し世界の宗教指導者、政治家OBに向けて提言を行っている。
- In 2006, he attended the Inter Action Council as an observer and presented his recommendation to the leaders of religion and former heads of government over the world.
- 教会の個々の管理自治体の各国による教皇の制御、業績を支持したフランスのローマカトリック教会の聖職者の間に由来する宗教運動
- a religious movement originating among the French Roman Catholic clergy that favored the restriction of papal control and the achievement by each nation of individual administrative autonomy of the church
- 先に述べた若狭と同様にこのような小国の成立は、小島が点在した地理的条件とともに、政治・宗教的な特殊事情あったと推定される。
- Like Wakasa Province in the previous description, establishment of these small provinces seemed to have political and religious circumstances with geographical conditions where small islands were scattered.
- 宗教大学分校時代に設立され、佛教専門学校、佛教大学通学課程の学部・大学院・専攻科・別科の卒業生・修了生によって組織される。
- It was founded when 'Shukyo Daigaku Bunko' existed, having been organized by graduates of Bukkyo Professional School and Bukkyo University, and was classified into faculty, graduate school, majors and different courses.
- 多宝塔駅(たほうとうえき)は、京都府京都市左京区にある宗教法人鞍馬寺が運行するケーブルカー、鞍馬山鋼索鉄道の鉄道駅である。
- Tahoto Station is a stop on the Mount Kurama Cable Railway operated by Kurama-dera Temple, a religious corporation located in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 本地という思想は、仏教が各地で布教されるに、その土地で様々な土着的な宗教を包摂する、という性格をもっていることに起因する。
- The concept of Honchi originated from the inclusive nature of Buddhism, which encompassed a wide range of indigenous religions as it spread throughout the region.
- 九州平定、宗教勢力の押え込み、南朝押え込み、関東平定、守護大名押さえ込みを悉く成し遂げた義教は遂に権力の一元化に成功した。
- Having restored order in Kyushu, suppressed the religious influence, the Southern Court and the Shugo Daimyos and restored order in Kanto, Yoshinori finally succeeded in centralizing power.
- 飯野 吉三郎(いいの きちさぶろう、1867年 - 1944年2月3日)は美濃国(現岐阜県)の岩村藩士族出身の新興宗教家。
- Kichisaburo IINO (1867-February 3, 1944) was the person of new religion who was from the family of the feudal retainer of Iwamura domain in Mino Province (currently, Gifu Prefecture.)
- そして、陰陽道の根幹である道教の持つ呪術に加えて、当時隆盛を誇っていた密教などの有神論的宗教や呪術信仰を多様に取り入れた。
- And in addition to the element of jujutsu (an occult art) derived from Taoism, which was the basis of the Onmyodo, he adopted diversified elements of theistic religions including Tantric Buddhism, which was flourishing in that period, and religious belief related with jujutsu (an occult art).
- 一方、平安時代中期頃より、神道的宗教行事が起源の田楽や、仏教の寺院で行われた延年などの芸能も興り、それぞれ発達していった。
- On the other hand, from about the middle Heian period, public entertainment like the ritual music (Dengaku) originating from Shinto rituals, and dancing for celebrating longevity (Einen) organized in Buddhist temples had become popular and developed respectively.
- Apart from the above, dengaku, which originated from the ceremony of Shinto religion, and ennen, which was performed at Buddhist temples, were created in the middle of Heian period and they also developed independently.
- これは、古来からの菩提寺と檀家の関係が現代まで引き継がれた結果のもので、純粋な宗教行事というより、習俗化したものといえる。
- This resulted from the fact that a relationship between a family temple and a Buddhist parishioner was continued from ancient times to modern times, and is considered to have been popularized and have become a custom rather than just as a pure religious event.
- しかし、結婚直後に文明(真乗)の仕事面や健康面に変調があり、それらを通してお互いの背景にある宗教的使命を感じるようになる。
- Immediately after the marriage, however, the couple began to realize their religious missions behind their own backgrounds through abnormalities in the health and career of Fumiaki (Shinjo).
- キリスト教における三位一体同様、日本語の中で、元々の宗教的概念や意味合いとは異なって使用されることのある用語の一つである。
- Like the Trinity in Christianity, Tariki Hongan is one of the wordings in the Japanese language that is sometimes used differently from their original religious concepts or meanings.
- 政治と宗教の関係が密接であった当時の事情から『日本書紀』の記述が、厭勝銭に関する規定として置かれた可能性も否定できないこと。
- Considering the close relationship between politics and religion at the time, it is still possible that the description of 'Nihonshoki' was written as regulation of incantation coin.
- 歴史的に見ても現在においても、神道と仏教はその機能を分担して担っており、両者をあわせて一つの宗教観を構成しているともいえる。
- Historically as well as presently, Shinto and Buddhism share functions and it can be said that the two come together to create a single religious notion.
- わが命を犠牲にしてまで子の栄達を願う母の行動を主筋に、法華経による女人成仏などの宗教性も加味した人気のある能のひとつである。
- It is one of the more popular Noh plays with the main plot about a mother who wishes for her son's success even at the cost of her own life, with added religious elements such as Nyonin Jobutsu (attainment of enlightenment by a woman) through Hokke-kyo Sutra (the Lotus Sutra).
- なお、鞍馬寺への輸送機関としてケーブルカー(鞍馬山鋼索鉄道)を運営しており、宗教法人としては唯一の鉄道事業者ともなっている。
- It operates a cable car (Mount Kurama Cable Railway) transportation to Kurama Temple, and it is the only religious corporation which operates a railway business.
- こうした争いを回避するために各種法令が出された他、寺社などに寄進して紛争防止と宗教的恩恵の両方を得ようとすることも行われた。
- In order to evade such conflicts, various decrees were issued, beside that people donated the ship to a shrine or temple intending to avoid conflicts among them and obtain religious benefits at the same time.
- このような事や家臣にも同様に出家したものが複数いることから、信玄個人だけでなく武田家は宗教勢力との関わりが深かったと言える。
- Apart from Shingen, the Takeda family were deeply connected with these religious forces, given that some of Shingen's vassals also became priests as well.
- また、神道と習合してカヤカベ教のような秘密宗教も派生したが、基本的には本願寺教団に属し、浄土真宗の主流の教えを守る者をいう。
- Additionally, there were secret religions such as Kayakabe-kyo Religion that syncretized with Shintoism, but this generally refers to the Hongan religious group and those who protected the main teachings of the Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 「曼荼羅」とは、複数の要素がある秩序のもとに組み合わされ、全体として何らかの宗教的世界観を表わしたものと要約できるであろう。
- In a nutshell, 'mandala' is a painting that combines plural elements and express a certain religious world view as a whole.
- 隠し念仏は、藩からの宗教宗派弾圧のために隠れざるを得なかった薩摩藩や人吉藩の浄土真宗弾圧における隠れ念仏とは全く別物である。
- Kakushi nenbutsu is completely different from 'kakure nenbutsu,' which was a group of Jodo-shinshu believers in the Satsuma clan and the Hitoyoshi clan who could not help concealing their beliefs because of the suppression on Jodo Shinshu by the clans.
- また江戸時代などでは女犯(にょぼん)は宗教的な範疇だけではなく、行政的にも重い罪とされ、晒し者にされて遠島などに処せられた。
- In addition, Nyobon (sexual indulgence) was considered as a serious sin not only religiously but also administratively in the Edo period, and a person who committed it was displayed in public and exiled to a far island.
- 「太田の決戦は、中世を象徴する宗教的な民衆武力と、兵農分離の近世秩序が、真正面から戦いあった日本史上のクライマックス」である。
- The battle of Ota was the climax of Japanese history in which the military force of religious common people which symbolized medieval times and the order of heinobunri in recent times confronted.'
- どの宗教によるものか不明な場合は、白無地の包みに、「御霊前」と表書きし、白黒あるいは双銀の結び切り水引をかけるのが無難である。
- When the religion according to which the funeral is held is not known, it is recommended to use a white plain envelope bearing the address 'Goreizen' on its front side and decorated with white and black or silver mizuhiki tied in a square knot.
- キリスト教の復活祭や、ボロブドゥール遺跡で行われているワイシャックのように、キリスト教・仏教などの世界宗教に基づく祭りもある。
- Like Easter under the Christianity, and Hari Raya Waisak held at the remains of Borobudur, there are festivals based on the world religion such as Christianity, Buddhism and so on.
- 翌明治24年(1891年)7月より全3巻の予定で明治維新史を政治・外交・経済・宗教の側面より分析した『新日本史』を刊行を開始。
- From July of the following year, 1891, he began publishing 'Shin Nihon-shi' (New History of Japan), a book that was scheduled to be published in three volumes to analyze the history of the Meiji Restoration from the aspects of politics, diplomacy, economy and religion.
- 1942年(昭和17年)、愛知県名古屋市守山区に聖地天母里(てんぼり)を築き、宗教法人天祖光教(てんそこうきょう)を立教する。
- In 1942, Shinichi built a sanctuary, Tenbori in Moriyama Ward, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, and established a religious corporation, Tenso Kokyo.
- また、日本以外にも嵩山少林寺のように僧兵として武装集団を組織する仏教僧の集団がおり、広義には武装した宗教集団を指すこともある。
- As there were Buddhist priests' groups outside of Japan that organized priests into armed groups, such as Suzan Shorin-ji Temple (Mountain Sung Shaolin Temple), the term Sohei sometimes refers to such armed religious groups in broad terms.
- が、新宗教の一つである阿含宗の大柴燈護摩供の場合は護摩木も数千万本と国内外でもほとんど類をみないほど大規模でイベント色が強い。
- However, Daisaitogoma ceremony of the Agonshu sect, one of the new religions, has tens of millions of Gomagi and is uniquely large-scale domestically and internationally and more of an event.
- 大谷 光真(おおたに こうしん、1945年8月12日 -)は、浄土真宗本願寺派第24代門主であり、宗教法人本願寺住職を務める。
- Koshin OTANI (August 12, 1945 -) is the 24th Monshu (the chief priest) of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect and the head priest of the religious corporation Hongan-ji Temple.
- 大谷 光照(おおたに こうしょう、1911年(明治44年)11月1日 - 2002年(平成14年)6月14日)は日本の宗教家。
- Kosho OTANI (November 1, 1911 - June 14, 2002) was a Japanese religious figure.
- 特に古代から近世に至るまで身近な大国であった中国の中華文化の影響は大きく、文学、言語、宗教に至るまで、中華文化由来の文化は多い。
- The nearby nation of China, prominent from ancient to modern times, had a particularly great effect on literature, language and religion, many aspects of which came from Chinese culture.
- その代わり、インドに起源を持つ時輪暦を修正した暦が改暦以前から民間や宗教行事で広く使われていて、他国の旧暦に似た位置づけにある。
- Widely used by people and for religious rituals before and after the Gregorian reform, the Mongolian traditional calendar which is a modified version of the Kalacakra calendar that originated in India is recognized as similar in function to the old calendars in other countries.
- 宗教的立場から見ると、東大寺は、前身寺院のひとつ、金鐘寺(こんしゅじ、などと呼ぶ、前身寺院で詳述)の古密教としての性格があった。
- From a religious point of view, Todai-ji Temple was characteristic of ancient Esoteric Buddhism inherited from one of its predecessor temples, Konshu-ji Temple (mentioned in detail later in 'Predecessor Temples').
- 柳 宗悦(やなぎ むねよし、1889年3月21日 - 1961年5月3日)は、民芸運動を起こした思想家、宗教哲学者、美術研究家。
- Muneyoshi YANAGI (March 21, 1889 - May 3, 1961) was a thinker, religious philosopher, and art scholar who triggered the Mingei (National Art) Movement.
- 親鸞は、法然(浄土宗開祖)を師と仰いでからの生涯に渡り、「真の宗教である浄土宗の教え」を継承し、さらに高めて行く事に力を注いだ。
- After Shinran met Honen (the founder of Jodo Shu) and became his disciple, he inherited 'the discipline of the true religion, Jodo Shu', making all efforts to enhance it.
- ただ、茶をいれて飲むだけでなく、生きていく目的や考え方、宗教、茶道具や茶室に置く美術品など、広い分野にまたがる総合芸術とされる。
- It is considered to be a generalized art form that practices not only serving and drinking tea, but deals with the purpose of living, the way of thinking, religion, art of tea tools and art works placed in the tea room.
- 1967(S42)年、「欧州宗教交流国際親善使節団」団長としてヨーロッパ8カ国を歴訪、ローマ法王パウロ6世と会見し涅槃像を贈る。
- In 1967, he visited eight European countries as the head of 'European religious communication international goodwill envoy' and met Pope Paul VI, and gave Nehanzo (an image of the Buddha immediately after his death).
- 太平洋戦争にともなう政府の宗教政策により、1941年(昭和16年)に古義・新義両派の真言宗各宗派が合同し、大真言宗に統合された。
- Along with Government policies on religions during the Pacific War, each of the new and old schools of the Shingon sect were unified into the Daishingon sect (literally, a larger Shingon sect) in 1941.
- これは種々の異安心によって、きびしく自力を否定する伝統的な真宗教学の内において、本来の仏教的な流れを取り戻そうとするものである。
- It was intended to bring back the original track of Buddhism into the learning of traditional Shinshu sect, which strictly denied self-help due to the existence of various ianjin (heterodoxies).
- 五大老・三中老が置かれ、行政、司法、財政、土木、宗教の担当官として五奉行を設置、また訴訟の受理・聴取を担当する十人衆が設置された。
- Gotairo' and 'Sanchuro' were established as well as 'Gobugyo', who were in charge of public administration, justice, financial administration, civil engineering work and religion, and 'Juhinshu' (Ten influential families), who were in charge of the acceptance of lawsuits and hearing of opinions, were established.
- また、ヨーロッパとの交易(南蛮貿易)が開始し、火縄銃やキリスト教などが伝来し、それまでの戦術や日本の宗教観念に大きな影響を与えた。
- Trade with European countries (trade with Spain and Portugal) started, and matchlock guns and Christianity were brought to Japan, significantly affecting fighting techniques and religious concepts that Japanese had until then.
- 道教 (どうきょう、Dàojiào、英語 Taoism)は、中国三大宗教(三教と言い、儒教・中国の仏教・道教を指す)の一つである。
- Dokyo is one of the Sankyo, (Japanese word translates as 'three religions'), the three great religions in China, including Confucianism, Chinese Buddhism and Dokyo.
- 1278年(弘安元年)以降の熱原法難に際しては、日興の指導の下で鎌倉幕府の宗教弾圧に抵抗し、信徒の保護と支援のために尽力奔走した。
- At the Atsuhara Persecution of Nichiren in 1278, he followed Nikko who resisted the religious persecution by the Kamakura bakufu, making great efforts to protect and support the believers.
- これに対して、10月4日GHQから「政治的・民事的・宗教的自由に対する制限撤廃の覚書」を突き付けられ、窮した内閣は翌日総辞職した。
- On October 4, the 'Memorandum on the Removal of Restrictions on Political, Civilian and Religious Freedom' was sent by GHQ to the cabinet, which found itself in a difficult position and resigned en mass the following day.
- 第二次大戦後、1953年(昭和28年)、宗教法人法の改正により根来寺を総本山とする新義真言宗が創設されるにいたり現在に至っている。
- After World War II, with the revision of the Religious Corporation Act in 1953, the Shingi Shingon sect was established with Negoro-ji Temple as the Grand Head Temple and still exists up to the present day.
- 1941年(昭和16年)に宗教団体法により、本門宗は、勝劣派の顕本法華宗、一致派の日蓮宗とともに三派合同を行い、日蓮宗と公称する。
- In 1941, Honmon Sect merged with the Shoretsu School of Kenpon Hokke Sect and Icchi School of Nichiren Sect in accordance with the Religious Corporation Act and officially named themselves Nichiren Sect.
- 一部の国学者主導のもと仏法は外来の宗教であるとしてそれまで大きな勢力を持つ仏教勢力の財産や地位を剥奪し、弱体化するように誘導した。
- With the help of some scholars of Japanese classical literature who would take initiatives, the government led people to deprive the Buddhist force, which had significantly affected them until that time, of their properties and status, and to weaken the Buddhist influence.
- 藤井 宣正(ふじいせんしょう、安政6年3月2日_(旧暦)(1859年4月4日) - 1903年6月6日)は、日本の宗教家・探検家。
- Sensho FUJII (April 4, 1859 - June 6, 1903) was a Japanese religious figure and explorer.
- 最初の6条は「神社仏寺」(宗教関係)、次の4条は「過差停止」(奢侈禁止)、最後の1条は「公事催勤」(政務励行)についての規定である。
- The first six clauses are rules about '(Shinto) shrines and (Buddhist) temples' (relations with religions), the next four clauses are about 'kasateishi (prohibition of the luxury beyond one's means or position)' and the last clause is about 'strict enforcement of government affairs.'
- 唯物史観の影響を受け、武士は古代支配階級である貴族や宗教勢力を排除し、中世をもたらした変革者として石母田正らによって位置づけられた。
- Influenced by the materialist concept of history, Tadashi ISHIMODA and others positioned the bushi as the reformer who pushed out the ancient governing class such as the aristocrats and religious power of influence and brought on the medieval times.
- 宗教については、日蓮宗や浄土真宗といった厭世気分と免罪への求心から発しその後救世への渇望と強い結束を見せた宗派の布教が成功している。
- With respect to religion, propagation of religious schools that started with a pessimistic way of thinking and desire for indulgence and later showed anxiety for salvation and strong solidarity such as the Nichiren sect and Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) succeeded.
- しかし、様々な神や伝承や怪談や宗教や価値観と結びつき、派生し生まれた結果、詳細の解らない現象を、具体的な形を持ったものの仕業とした。
- However, as a result of becoming associated with various gods, folklores, ghost stories and religious values, and being generated and created, phenomena whose details were unknown were considered to have been caused by something that had a specific shape.
- 水塚も見方を変えれば、緊急時のための食料を集積した貯蔵庫であるし、密教塚も宗教的な意味合いもあるが、貝塚と同様に残滓の集積でもある。
- Mizu-zuka (a mound used as a shelter) was a stockroom for food in times of emergency from a different perspective, and mikkyo-zuka (mound of esoteric Buddhism) was basically an accumulation of residues much like kai-zuka although it has some religious implication.
- 真宗教団連合(真宗十派)の一つ真宗大谷派の本山で、西本願寺(浄土真宗本願寺派の本山〈正式名称・本願寺〉)と並ぶ浄土真宗の本山である。
- It is the head temple of the Otani sect, which is part of the Shinshu Kyodan Rengo (Ten Schools of Shin Buddhism), and also joins Nishi Hongan-ji temple (officially Hongan-ji temple, head temple of the Hongan-ji sect of Shin Buddhism), as one of the main temples of Shin Buddhism.
- これら知恩院・輪王寺は江戸幕府と強い繋がりを持ち、後の幕府による寺請制度等により幕府は宗教を完全に公儀の下に置くことに成功している。
- Chion-in Temple and Rinno-ji Temple had a strong connection with the Edo bakufu, and with the Terauke seido (the system in which the public should be registered in one of designated temples to prove their Buddhist faith) established, the bakufu succeeded in placing religion completely under it.
- 644年、駿河国富士川周辺で、大生部多(おおふべのおお)という者を中心に「常世神」を崇める集団(宗教)を、河勝が追討した、とされる。
- It is said that Kawakatsu subdued a (religious) group led by OFUBE no O, which enshrined 'Tokonoyokami (a deity coming from an utopia of immortality or a world where the souls of the dead go)' around the Fuji River in Suruga Province in 644.
- 観念論と唯物論の対立などの哲学上の根本問題の解決を純粋経験に求め、主客合一などを説いて、知識・道徳・宗教の一切を基礎づけようとした。
- Nishida regarded pure experience as the solution for the fundamental issues of philosophy such as the confrontation between idealism and materialism, he stated that the unification of objective and subjective phenomena was the foundation of knowledge, ethics and religion.
- また一方では安土城天主内の天井、壁画に仏教、道教、儒教を題材とした絵画を使用したり、浄土真宗や延暦寺の宗教活動自体は禁止しなかった。
- On the other hand, he used the pictures which subjects originating from Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism for ceiling and wall paintings at the Tenshu of the Azuchi-jo Castle, and he did not ban the religious activities of the Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and Enryaku-ji Temple.
- 日本刀は、「武士の魂」、神器としての精神的、宗教的価値や美術的価値が重視される一方で、戦場ではそれほど活躍しなかったとする説がある。
- Japanese swords were 'the very soul of the samurai' and its mental and religious value as sacred treasures and artistic value were emphasized, but on the other hand, it is said that they didn't achieve much on the battlefields.
- 日本には古くから「神道」というシャーマニズムやアニミズムといった自然崇拝、精霊崇拝である多神教(八百万の神)に基づく宗教文化がある。
- From ancient times, Japan has had a religious culture based on polytheism (yao yorozu no kami (eight million gods)) worshiping nature or spirits like shamanism or animism including the 'Shinto religion.'
- また、儒教を宗教として扱った場合、教義に平等思想が無い事と死後の世界の観念が無い事による死後の再評価ができない事も問題視されている。
- Additionally, if Ju-kyo is seen as a religion, the fact that its creed does not include the idea of equality, and that having no concept of the afterworld, reevaluation after death is not possible, is perceived as a problem.
- 悟りの意味の違いが宗教・宗派の違いであるということもできるが、般若経などでは、「覚り」と「悟り」は別のものとして使い分けられていた。
- It can be said that there are differences in the meaning of Satori between Buddhist sects however, in Prajnaparamita (wisdom) scriptures and elsewhere, the Satori concept can be written using different characters ('覚り' and '悟り').
- 大谷 光瑞(おおたに こうずい、1876年(明治9年)12月27日 - 1948年(昭和23年)10月5日)は日本の宗教家、探検家。
- Kozui OTANI (December 27, 1876 – October 5, 1948) was a religionist and an explorer of Japan.
- また禅、密教や儒学と結びついた心法(心の持ち方、心に関する技術)や宗教的理念が身体技術と密接に結びついた形で伝承されている場合が多い。
- And there are many cases in which the method of the mind (how to control one's mind, or the techniques regarding the mind) and the religious philosophy attached to Zen, the Esoteric Buddhism, or Confucianism have been closely connected to the physical arts of kobudo and were handed down together.
- 相撲は日本固有の宗教である神道に基づいた神事であり、日本国内各地で「祭り」として「奉納相撲」がその地域住民により、現在も行われている。
- Sumo is originally a ritual ceremony based on Shinto, which is the Japanese traditional religion, and local communities still have 'honozumo' (ritual sumo matches held at a shrine) as a festival in various regions throughout Japan.
- 以後、新宗教の教団、「昭和神聖会」を結成するなど、幅広く様々な活動を展開するが、1935年大本事件第二次大本事件により再び投獄された。
- He later broadened his activities including the formation of a new religious organization called 'Showa shinseikai,' but was imprisoned again in 1935 in the second Omoto jiken.
- 戦後、大逆事件のでっち上げに関与していたことが明らかとなり、現在は「宗教家の名前を借りた香具師であった」というのが一般的な評価である。
- It became clear that he was involved in making up the case of high treason after the war, so now he is generally estimated to be 'yashi (a street stall vendor at shrines and temples) in the name of a person of religion.'
- そんな時に日本刀の「武士の魂」、神器としての精神的、宗教的価値や美術的価値がある意味現実的な力として求められたとしても不思議ではない。
- In such time, it is no wonder that 'the very soul of the samurai' of Japanese swords, the mental and religious value as sacred treasures and the artistic value are needed as realistic force, in a way.
- 後者の意味では衣、食、住などの日常生活全般に関わる慣習や、芸能、道徳、宗教から政治、経済といった社会構造まで、その範疇は非常に幅広い。
- The latter meaning covers a very wide category from customs relating to general daily life including clothing, food and housing, entertainment, moral and religion, to a social structure including politics and economy.
- 特に1990年代以降、オウム真理教問題などの影響で宗教に対する社会の不信感が顕わになった時期と前後して教団外の場でも発言を行っている。
- Especially from the 1990s, about the time the sense of mistrust in religion by society arose because of affairs such as the Aum Shinrikyo, he states his opinion also at the outside of the sect.
- 修験道(しゅげんどう)とは、山へ籠もって厳しい修行を行う事により、様々な「験」(しるし)を得る事を目的とする日本独特の混淆宗教である。
- Shugendo is a Japan-specific Konko-shukyo (a religion combining Buddhism, Shintoism and other religions) whose objective is to do ascetic practice while confining oneself in the mountains, in order to obtain various shirushi (evidence) which indicate that certain practice levels have been reached.
- 仲基は、仏教・儒教・神道といった宗教・思想も歴史的に変化してきたのであり、これらを絶対視するのでなく客観的に捉えるべきことを唱えている。
- Nakamoto insisted that religion and philosophy, such as Buddhism, Confucianism, and Shinto, had also changed historically and should be considered objectively, and not considered absolutely true.
- しかし、本来は略礼装に過ぎなかった衣服であるため、伝統的な宗教・芸能などの分野では、かならずしも紋付羽織袴を正装としているわけではない。
- But, since it had originally been no more than simplified formal wear, people of traditional religions and arts of performance do not necessarily consider Montsuki Haori Hakama formal.
- 原始宗教やシャーマニズム・アニミズムなどと呼ばれ、その信仰の対象は森羅万象に及ぶため、その行為でもある祭りを定義付けることは困難である。
- Since it was called a primitive religion, shamanism, animism and so on, and the target of its belief extended to shinrabansho (all things in nature), it is difficult to define matsuri which is also the action.
- これは、日本思想史の流れのなかで政治と宗教道徳の分離を推し進める画期的な著作でもあり、こののち経世思想(経世論)が本格的に生まれてくる。
- This is an epoch-making literary work that pushs forward the isolation of politics and religious morality in Japanese intellectual history, and after this, Keisei thought (Keiseiron (policies planned for governing a nation and providing relief to people, or ideas behind those)) was generated.
- また、古墳文化の広がりをもってヤマト王権勢力の拡大と見なす意見があるが、宗教文化の広がりと権力の広がりとは必ずしも一致するものではない。
- While some people say that the spread in tumulus culture shows the expansion of the forces of the Yamato kingship, the expansion in religious culture doesn't necessarily correspond to the expansion of authority.
- 清水 信一(しみず しんいち、男性、1910年5月10日(明治43年) - 1969年1月10日(昭和44年))は、日本の宗教家である。
- Shinichi SHIMIZU (Male; May 10, 1910-January 10, 1969) was a religious leader in Japan.
- そして、「顕彰教義に埋め込まれた侵略への動員という政治目的を、聖戦教義・英霊教義の宗教的トリックで粉飾するもの」(同前)と指摘している。
- He also points out in the same article that 'by using the religious tricks of holy war doctrine and eirei doctrine, State Shinto window-dresses the political purpose of involving people in acts of aggression which is embedded in the doctrine of honoring.'
- この他、雪斎は臨済宗を中心とした領内における寺社・宗教の統制や、在来商人を保護する商業政策なども行ない、今川氏の最盛期に大きく貢献した。
- In addition to these, Sessai contributed greatly to the height of prosperity of the Imagawa clan by controlling temples and religions, mainly those of the Rinzai sect, and implementing commercial policy to protect local merchants in the Imagawa territory.
- 真言宗教典の中でも特に有名な密厳院発露懺悔文(みつごんいんほつろさんげのもん)、空の思想を表した月輪観(がちりんかん)の編者として有名。
- He is famous as the compiler of Mitsugonin Confession (Mitsugoninhotsurosangemon) that is especially famous among Shingon sect scriptures and Gachirinkan (Moon Disc meditation) that describes the thought of emptiness.
- 「念仏踊り」となったのは1207年に法然が宗教上の争いから讃岐に流され、この踊りを見てセリフとして「念仏」を唱えるようにさせた事による。
- This dance became 'Nenbutsu-odori' after Honen, who had been exiled to Sanuki in 1207 due to a religious conflict, saw the dance and made them perform it while chanting 'nenbutsu' or the Buddhist sutra.
- そのためか、1934年の御遠忌は単なる宗教行事にとどまらず、大阪朝日新聞や東京日日新聞などの新聞社を巻き込んだ一大キャンペーンとなった。
- It may have been for this reason that the goenki held in 1934 became rather like a big campaign than a mere religious event, with The Asahi Shinbun in Osaka and Tokyo Nichinichi Newspaper involved as well.
- というのは、日本の彫刻の大部分は宗教と密接につながっており、伝統的な仏教が次第に力を持たなくなった日本社会においては彫刻は衰退していった。
- Sculptures in Japanese society, where traditional Buddhism was losing its power, were waning; most of Japanese sculptures were related to religions.
- また、原始宗教がそのまま封建社会や中世を経て、近代化されたあとも現在まで排斥されず、引き継がれる例はほとんどなく、日本独特ともなっている。
- Japan's case, in which this sort of primitive religion survived the feudal and Medieval periods and reached the modern period intact, is almost unique.
- ここから、宮本武蔵が一生風呂に入らなかったといわれる(ただし沐浴は宗教行為であり、入浴歴史にあるとおり庶民が風呂にいくのは江戸時代から)。
- For that tale, it is said that Musashi had never taken a bath in his life; however, in the past, bathing was a religious act, and according to records on bathing, during the Edo period, people began to go to public baths.
- 阿弥陀仏や浄土を瞑想することを特に要さないため、特別な修行や浄土を観想するための建築空間(寺院・堂)や宗教美術(仏像・仏画)は不要である。
- It did not need to mediate Amitabha Buddha and the Pure Land in particular, so architected spaces (temples and halls) and religious arts (statues and pictures of Buddha) were not necessary either.
- 自衛隊覚せい剤施用機関は、覚せい剤取締法第十七条第二項の規定にかかわらず、捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員から覚せい剤を譲り受けることができる。
- Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (2) of Article 17 of the Stimulant Control Act, the Self-Defense Forces stimulant dispensing organization may transfer stimulants from prisoners of war, medical personnel and chaplains.
- すなわち、神道の国教化を宗教政策の根幹とした明治政府は、仏教各派に対しては、行政制度上の統合整理強制によって分割支配をはかる方針を採った。
- Thus, the Meiji government, which basically tried to nationalize Shintoism as part of religious policy, tried to govern each Buddhist school individually due to tight control and political regulation.
- 封建社会を経て近代化してもなお、このような原始宗教ともいわれる世界観を持ち合わせる国は少なく、日本独特に育まれてきた観念からの祭礼でもある。
- Among modernized countries having undergone feudal perods, only a few countries retain such an interpretation of the world which can be called a primitive faith; it is also a festival originated from the concept that has specifically been nurtured in Japan.
- 防衛大臣は、武力攻撃事態に際して、遅滞なく、次に掲げる武力攻撃事態における捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員の送還に関する基準を作成するものとする。
- Upon armed attack situations, the Minister of Defense shall prepare the following criteria for the repatriation of prisoners of war, medical personnel, and chaplains in armed attack situations without delay:
- また現世利益(世俗)的なものもあるが願掛けなど宗教行為をおこなう所が民間信仰に限らず寺社の中にもあり、これらは観光名所になっている事も多い。
- Although some of religious events are spiritual (material) benefit gained in this world through observance of the Buddhist teachings, religious events including praying to God are implemented in some temples and shrines, not limited to folk beliefs, and many of these temples and shrines are sightseeing spots at present.
- 勧誘時の主張の多くが、根本原理自体が違う宗教団体とその信者への誹謗中傷及び科学と歴史の否定であり、主張全体を見ていくと理論的整合性に欠ける。
- Many of the insistences at the time of inducement are character assassination against a religious group whose basic principle itself is different and against its believers, and the denial of science and history; and the entirety of the insistences lacks in logical consistency.
- 精進料理(日本・中国)、もしくは欧米では健康または宗教上の理由で肉類を食べない菜食主義者向けの、肉を模した代用食品の原料として麩が使われる。
- Fu are also used in the Buddhist cuisine (in both Japan and China) and as ingredients for meat-substitute products for vegetarians in North America and Europe who do not eat meat for health or religious reasons.
- 当然、粽の葉は他にもササやコモなども使い、現在の中国では、料理のひとつとして紹介されているが、古くは蓮を使う時は宗教的意味合いをもっていた。
- Of course, other leaves such as bamboo grass, straw and so on are also used to make Chimaki, and Chimaki is introduced as one of the dishes in present-day China, but in ancient times Chimaki made using lotus leaves also had a religious meaning.
- 武士と庶民のような身分違いと町奉行所管轄の江戸の町民と寺社奉行所管轄の宗教者の裁判、天領の領民と藩領民など原告と被告の領主が異なる場合である。
- Examples are trials between different social status such as samurai and common people, or the plaintiff and defendant having different lords, such as trials between the Edo townspeople and people of religion controlled by the Jisha-bugyo and between people of the shogun's demesne and people of the land of domains.
- すなわち地理的・宗教的・文化的な違いがあっても、西欧の国家制度を導入・模倣することで国際法が適用される道が開けることとなった(広瀬1978)。
- Namely, it became possible to apply international law to the countries which introduced or modeled on state systems of Western countries, even if there were geographical, religious or cultural differences (Hirose 1978).
- 来日した外国人や、熱心な宗教信者となった日本人は、多くの日本人が無意識の内に「和」を至上のものとする思想をもつことを見出すことができるという。
- Foreign visitors to Japan and the Japanese who become avid religious followers say they can see that many Japanese people unconsciously have an idea of placing supreme importance on 'harmony.'
- この地は繁華街の騒音、振動等のため文化財の護持や宗教活動に支障があるとして、1984年から1985年にかけて圓證寺は現在地の生駒市に移転した。
- Since the noise and vibration pollution that arose in the downtown area could hinder the preservation of cultural properties and religious activities in this place, Ensho-ji Temple was relocated to the current location in Ikoma City from 1984 to 1985.
- このような祖先崇拝は未開社会・古代社会では普遍的であっが、血縁を地上的なものに過ぎないと否定する世界宗教(仏教・キリスト教)によって衰滅した。
- Although this ancestor worship was general in uncivilized societies and ancient societies, it had declined because of world religion (Buddhism, Christianity) believing blood relationship only exists in the living world.
- 捕虜収容所長は、捕虜のうち、宗教、祈禱又は祭祀の職にあった者に、その希望により、第六十四条第四号に掲げる業務に従事することを許すことができる。
- The prisoner of war camp commander may permit prisoner of war who is or was engaged in religion occupation to engage in the work listed in item (iv) of Article 64, upon their request.
- 学術、技芸、慈善、祭祀、宗教その他の公益に関する社団又は財団であって、営利を目的としないものは、主務官庁の許可を得て、法人とすることができる。
- Any association or foundation relating to any academic activities, art, charity, worship, religion, or other public interest which is not for profit may be established as a juridical person with the permission of the competent government agency.
- この密教は、様々な土地の習俗や宗教を包含しながら、それらを仏を中心とした世界観の中に統一し、すべてを高度に象徴化して独自の修行体系を完成する。
- This esoteric Buddhism embraced the folkways and religions of various areas, integrated them into a Buddha-centric worldview, and highly symbolized everything to establish a unique system of ascetic practices.
- 今日では、以上のような念仏講は、村落内の老人たちによる寄り合いとしての役割を果たしており、その宗教的役割のほか、老人の娯楽の場ともなっている。
- Thus, nenbutsu-ko today functions as a village meeting of the aged, so it serves not only a religious role but also as an occasion for the entertainment of the aged.
- 新王朝の建設を意識していた桓武天皇にとって、新たな鎮護国家の宗教として最澄の天台宗に注目・支援することで従前の南都仏教を牽制する意図もあった。
- Emperor Kanmu, who was considering the establishment of a new Imperial Court, paid attention to and supported Saicho, who led the Tendai sect, towards a new religion based on national protection and intentionally diverted the Nanto Buddhism temples as mentioned above.
- 近世以降に派生した宗教の教典(モルモン書、世界基督教統一神霊協会)などを除けば、来歴に虚偽を含んでいようと、殊更に偽書呼ばわりされることはない。
- Except for sacred books for religions born after recent times (the Book of Mormon, the Book of the Unification Church), there is no reason for them to be categorized as gisho regardless of whether or not they included falsehoods.
- 題目(だいもく)とは、日蓮系・法華経系の宗教団体などにおいて勤行の際に用いられる南無妙法蓮華経(なむみょうほうれんげきょう)の文句のことである。
- The Nichiren chant is the words of Namu Myohorenge-kyo, which are recited in the Buddhist religious services held by religious organizations such as Nichiren and the Hoke-kyo Sutra sect.
- 受容の過程が下記のように紆余曲折を経たこともあり、神道とは違う仏教の宗教としての教義そのものの理解は、主として7世紀以降に進められることとなる。
- Partly because the process of acceptance took the following twists and turns, the dharma of Buddhism itself as a different religion from Shinto began to be understood mainly after the seventh century.
- 1917年宗教団体大本に入信、京都府の綾部市や亀岡市で独自の修行を続け、甥の井上鑑昭(親英体道の創始者)と共に同地で「合気武道」の指導を行った。
- In 1917, he joined the religious group Oomoto, and continued his own training in Ayabe City and Kameoka City in Kyoto while teaching 'Aikibudo' with his nephew Noriaki INOUE (founder of the martial art called Shinei Taido) in the area.
- 宗教については淡白で、晩年の自伝『福翁自伝』において、「幼少の時から神様が怖いだの仏様が難有(ありがた)いだのということは一寸(ちよい)ともない。
- He was not so much religious, as he described himself in the autobiography written in his later years 'Fukuojiden': 'I have never feared deities and been thankful to Buddha from childhood.
- 鞍馬山鋼索鉄道(くらまやまこうさくてつどう)は、京都府京都市左京区にある洛北の名刹、宗教法人鞍馬寺が参詣者の利便を図って運行しているケーブルカー。
- The Mount Kurama Cable Railway is a funicular line operated for the convenience of visitors to the area by Kurama-dera Temple, which is a religious corporation and a famous temple located in the Rakuhoku area of Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員は、覚せい剤取締法第三十条の九の規定にかかわらず、自衛隊病院等の開設者に医薬品である覚せい剤原料を譲り渡すことができる。
- Notwithstanding the provision of Article 30-9 of the Stimulant Control Act, prisoners of war, medical personnel and chaplains may transfer raw materials for stimulants used for medical purposes to the establisher of Self-Defense Forces hospitals, etc.
- 名前の起こりは殿主、殿守から由来するか、仏教思想やキリスト教の天主(でうす、ゼウスのこと)の訛ったものなどの宗教思想からの命名とも考えられている。
- The name is considered to have originated from Densu and Tenshu, or also to have been given by religious thought such as Buddhistic thought or by a corruption of Tenshu (Deus, which means Zeus) of Christianity.
- つまり、律令体制下の仏教で国家の庇護を受けて仏教の研究を行い、宗教上の実践行為は鎮護国家という理念の下で呪術的な祈祷を行う程度であったといわれる。
- In other words, they were the Buddhism under the Ritsuryo system; the priests of these sects were just scholars studying Buddhism under the protection of the nation, and as for actual religious activity, they just performed some magical prayers for the idea of Chingo-Kokka (guarding the nation by Buddhism).
- 世界各地に残る原始宗教において弓矢や吹き矢は狩りの道具であるとともに酋長などが兼任する、祈祷師(シャーマン)の祈祷や占い、呪術などの道具でもある。
- In the existing primitive religions in various parts of the world, Yumiya and blowguns were not only a tool for hunting, but also a tool for praying, fortune-telling, magic and so on performed by a shaman who was the same as a chief.
- 内容はそれまでの戒律を基に、仏教教団としては異例の自給自足体制を確立させた禅宗教団に適合するような、主に集団生活を適正に維持するための規則である。
- Based on the preceding religious precepts, it was established principally as the rules by which to maintain group life, which were suitable for the Zen sect organization that had established the self-sufficiency system, which was exceptional for a Buddhist organization.
- 具体的には、(2) 紀伊山地の文化的景観を形成する記念碑と遺跡は神道と仏教のたぐいまれな融合であり、東アジアにおける宗教文化の交流と発展を例証する。
- Specifically, (2) monuments and sites, which form cultural scenery in Kii Mountain Range, are unusual syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism, while it illustrates the interaction and development of religious culture in the east Asia.
- 記紀、隋書倭国伝、祝詞(のりと)などの資料によっても、大化前代の地方族長社会においては、神判制度や宗教からまだ完全には分離しない形での法が存在した。
- According to sources like the Kojiki and the Nihonshoki, the Zuisho-wakoku-den (Chronicles of the Sui Dynasty), and Shinto ritual prayers, in the provincial patriarchal society under the pre-Taika era, law existed in a form not yet completely detached from the trial by ordeal system and religion.
- 結界石・境界石の向こうは他界(他界山上他界)であり、宗教者は俗世から離れた一種の他界で修行を積むことによって、この世ならぬ力を獲得すると考えられた。
- It was thought that the area beyond the barrier stone or border stone was the other world (the other world over the mountain) and that a religious person could gain a superpower by doing unobstructed cultivation in a kind of other, cloistered world.
- 真如三昧耶堂(しんにょさんまやどう)は、宗教法人真如苑教主・伊藤真乗の浄行を荘厳するために、真言宗醍醐派総本山醍醐寺により1997年に建立された堂。
- Shinnyosanmayado was built by Daigo-ji Temple, Sohonzan (the head temple of a Buddhist sect) of the Daigo school of the Shingon sect in 1997, in order to solemnly display the righteous behavior of Shinjo ITO, who was the founder of the sect of a religious corporation of Shinnyoen Buddhism.
- その後、宗教法人令(昭和20年12月28日施行 1945)による、真澄寺を総本山としての「まこと教団」の設立(伊藤真乗管長 昭和23年 1948)。
- After the Religious Cooperation Law was issued (the law became effective on December 28, 1945), 'Makoto kyodan,' having Shincho-ji Temple as its sohonzan, was established (Shinjo ITO, chief abbot, 1948).
- 宗教要員 第二章第三節又は第四章第二節に規定する手続により第四号ト又はチに掲げる外国人に該当する旨の抑留資格認定又は裁決を受けて抑留される者をいう。
- "Chaplain" means persons to be interned with receiving recognition of internment status or determination as corresponding to any of foreigners listed in the (g) or (h) of item (iv) pursuant to the procedures prescribed in Section 3 of Chapter II or Section 2 of Chapter IV;
- 一方、変法自強運動を進める康有為は、『孔子改制考』を著して孔子を受命改制者として顕彰し、儒教をヨーロッパ風の国家宗教として再解釈した孔教を提唱した。
- Meanwhile, Ko Yui (Kang Youwei) who promoted the Changing-System Self-Strengthening Movement wrote 'The Rediscovered Versions of the Confucian Classics,' honoring Koshi as a system changer according to providence, and advocating Ko-kyo, which reinterpreted Ju-kyo as a European-style state religion.
- 日蓮は、釈迦仏一代の教えはもちろん、世間にあるすべての思想や宗教を比較検討し、教理の高低・浅深・勝劣を比較し、すぐれたものを段階的に五重に選択した。
- Nichiren compared and examined all ideas and religions, of course including the lifetime teaching of Shaka, and evaluated whether the religious principles are high or low, shallow or deep, and better or worse by five steps.
- 神社祭祀の担い手は神職(神主、宮司、禰宜、権禰宜など)と呼ばれる奉仕者だが、仏教やキリスト教などの宗教者と違って布教的性格をもたないのが一般的である。
- The person in charge of shrine rituals is the Shinto priesthood (priest, chief priest, senior priest, acting senior priest etc.) but, unlike a Christian or Buddhist priest, does generally not propagate.
- そしてこの本願寺の東西分裂によって東西本願寺はお互いに対立関係に陥り、結果戦国時代に諸大名を脅かしたような強大な武装宗教勢力としての形を変えていった。
- Then after the separation of Hongan-ji Temple, Higashi-Hongan-ji Temple and Nishii-Hongan-ji Temple came to confront each other, and resultantly, the sect gradually lost the strong armed religious power that had been threatened daimyo in the Sengoku period.
- 東京・宗教法人真如苑蔵 大日如来坐像 - 2008年に真如苑が入手するまでは個人蔵で、2003年から2007年にかけて東京国立博物館に寄託されていた。
- Seated Statue of Dainichi-Nyorai stored at the religious organization Shinnyoen in Tokyo Prefecture: the statue was privately owned before Shinnyoen obtained it in 2008, and it was deposited at the Tokyo National Museum from 2003 to 2007.
- 自衛隊病院等の開設者は、覚せい剤取締法第三十条の九の規定にかかわらず、捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員から医薬品である覚せい剤原料を譲り受けることができる。
- Notwithstanding the provision of Article 30-9 of the Stimulant Control Act, the establisher of Self-Defense Forces hospitals, etc. may transfer raw materials for stimulants used for medical purposes from prisoners of war, medical personnel and chaplains.
- 江戸幕府が本末制度を定めて他宗派間の本末関係を清算することに努めた背景には、こうした本末論争が大規模な政治・宗教対立に発展することを防ぐ意図があった。
- Edo Bakufu established Honmatsu seido and tried to nullify the Honmatsu relationship between different sects in order to prevent massive political and religious conflicts.
- 近世には一定の数の公案を解かないと住職になれない等、法臘の他に僧侶の経験を表す基準となるなど、江戸幕府の宗教統制にも利用された事は一般に知られている。
- It is known generally that koan were used to control the religious system by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in ways such as that where a priest could not become chief priest unless he could solve a certain amount of koan, or that of koan being used to demonstrate the experience of a priest along with horo (the number of years from the time when a person became a priest and received the religious precepts).
- 1534年に宗教改革に対してカトリックを擁護して、異教徒の中で布教活動をするためにロヨラのセイント・イグネーシアスによって設立されたカトリック教徒注文
- a Roman Catholic order founded by Saint Ignatius of Loyola in 1534 to defend Catholicism against the Reformation and to do missionary work among the heathen
- 1945年、サハリン南部には宗教施設が250箇所以上(仏教寺院が150、神社が50、天理教会が50、カトリック教会が4、プロテスタント教会が5)あった。
- In the south part of Sakhalin there were more than 250 religious institutions in 1945 (Buddhist temples 150, [Shinto] Shrines 50, Tenrikyo churches 50, Catholic churches 4, Protestant churches 5).
- ちなみに、酒と宗教が深く関わっていたことを示すこの『三国志』の記述は、酒造りが巫女(みこ)の仕事として始まったことをうかがわせる一つの根拠となっている。
- Incidentally, this description of a close relationship between liquor and religion in 'Sanguo Zhi' provides one of the reasons why sake brewing began as a task of miko (a shrine maiden).
- このような行為の宗教的な意味合いは強く意識されていないが、同じようなものが多くあり、流鏑馬、競馬(くらべうま)などの競技や、物や動物を使ったものがある。
- The religious meaning of such acts is not strongly felt, but there are many examples like this, such as competitions like yabusame (horseback archery) and kurabeuma (horse racing), using objects and animals.
- そんな生活を続ける中、学問の面でも『歎異抄』などをよく読み、その自戒生活の実践の中で得意の哲学的を駆使して『宗教哲学骸骨』『他力門哲学骸骨』を執筆する。
- While maintaining this lifestyle, academically he repeatedly read texts such as 'Tannisho' (Lamentations of Divergences) and while practicing self-discipline, he introduced his 'being philosophical,' which was the area of his specialty, and wrote 'Shukyo Tetsugaku Gaikotsu' (The Skeleton of a Philosophy of Religion) and 'Tarikimon Tetsugaku Gaikotsu' (The Skeleton of a Philosophy of Gate of the Other Power).
- また1877年にキリスト教信者になってからは、沼津教会を設立したり、東京YMCA(キリスト教青年会)第5代理事長などもつとめ、積極的に宗教活動を行った。
- In addition, after he became a Christian in 1877, he established the Christian Church of Numazu, and was active in church related activities, serving as the fifth head of the Tokyo YMCA, and so on.
- 真宗教団連合は、親鸞聖人生誕750年・立教開宗700年にあたる1923年(大正12年)、真宗各派の協調・連携を図る為に、真宗各派協和会として結成された。
- Shinshu Kyodan Rengo was organized as an association of Shinshu sects to promote cooperation and coordination among the sects in 1923, the 750th anniversary of Shinran Sho'nin's birth and the 700th anniversary of foundation of the religion.
- 雪斎は駿府臨済寺 (静岡市)の住持として宗教的な影響力を持ちながら、今川氏の「執政」・「軍師」とも呼ばれ、政治・軍事・外交に秀でた手腕で義元を補佐した。
- While Sessai had religious influence as a chief priest of Sunpu Rinzai-ji Temple (Shizuoka City), he was also called 'administrative ruler' or 'general' of the Imagawa clan and supported Yoshimoto with impressive ability in politics, military affairs and foreign policy.
- 一人の元弟子の告訴により監獄に入れられた際、「あなたが宗教家なら、このような人も助けることができるだろう」と兇暴な尊属殺人犯と同房にされたことがあった。
- When he was put into a jail as the result of an accusation by an ex-follower, he was in a cell with a vicious parricide murderer because he was told, 'A religious leader like you must have an ability to give a hand to such a vicious man.'
- 『日本人のための憲法原論』(小室直樹著)によれば、日本の伝統的宗教観から戦後の靖国神社を見れば、靖国で祀られるとされる英霊たちは英霊とはいえないという。
- According to 'Nihonjin no tameno kenpo genron' (Principles of the Constitution for the Japanese) by Naoki KOMURO, when we look at the postwar Yasukuni-jinja Shrine from the viewpoint of traditional religious belief, the eirei that are considered to be enshrined there are not eirei in the true sense.
- この時代の美術は多様化し、その性格を一言で言い表わすことは困難であるが、古代・中世の美術が宗教(仏教)中心であったのに比べ、著しく世俗化の傾向が強まった。
- This period's art was so diversified as to be difficult to define its character in a word, but it could be said to become extremely popularized, compared with the art of the ancient and middle ages, which was mainly occupied with religious (Buddhist) art.
- また、日常的に和服を着る男性は、女性と比べて少なく、作務衣・甚平が宗教関係者・職人など少数の男性に好んで着られているほかは、ほとんど見かけなくなっている。
- The number of men wearing Wafuku everyday is less than that of women such that few men wear Wafuku except for people involved in religion who usually wear Buddhist priest's work clothes called 'Samue' and artisans who usually wear light cotton clothing consisting of shorts and a jacket called 'Jinbei.'
- 日本では神道、仏教などの祭りに参加するものも多く、企業では神棚を設置する所があり、神道、仏教、キリスト教など宗教を超えて安全祈願などの礼拝を行う事がある。
- In Japan, many people participate in Shintoist and Buddhist festivals, some companies have a household Shinto altar, and services, such as praying for safety, are often held beyond religious boundaries of Shinto, Buddhism, Christianity etc.
- 出口 王仁三郎(でぐち おにさぶろう)、1871年(明治4年)? - 1948年(昭和23年)1月19日)は、新宗教「大本」の教義を整備した実質上の教祖。
- 'Onisaburo DEGUCHI,' 1871? - January 19, 1948, was the practical founder of a new religion 'Omoto,' who laid out its teachings.
- 教団組織の面では、同時期に整って行った仏教教団の影響も受けて、隋・唐・五代十国時代の時期に宗教教団としての組織と儀礼と神学教理とを一応完成するにいたった。
- In terms of organization, it was influenced by the Buddhism organization, which developed at about the same time, and was complemented by rituals and doctrines of Sui, Tang and Godai-kukkoku periods (the period of ten dynasties in five generations).
- 他の東アジア諸国と同様に「道教」や「儒教」(儒教は哲学や思想であるが宗教ではないとする見解もある)も受容しているが、その影響は朝鮮半島や中国ほどではない。
- As in the case of other East Asian countries, Japan has also accepted 'Taoism' and 'Confucianism' (there is an opinion that Confucianism is a philosophy or thought, but not a religion), but was not influenced by those as much as the Korean Peninsula and China.
- 平安時代(794年~1192年)に唐で修行を積み、本場の山岳宗教に触れ帰国した最澄や空海によって天台宗・真言宗が起こされ、比叡山、高野山などが開山される。
- During the Heian period (794 to 1192), the Tendai and Shingon sects were established by Saicho and Kukai, respectively, who practiced asceticism and had learned orthodox Mountain Buddhism in Tang, and some temples (including those of Mt. Hiei and Mt. Koya) were founded.
- 1月14日(ユリウス暦の1月1日):正教会; 正教会の国々は、ユリウス暦の正月を宗教的休日・旧正月として、グレゴリオ暦の正月を法的な休日として、両方を祝う。
- January 14th (January 1st of the Julian calendar): Orthodox Church; in the countries of the Orthodox Church, people celebrate both the New Year's Day of the Julian calendar as a religious holiday and the old New Year's Day, and the New Year's Day of the Gregorian calendar as a legal holiday.
- 仏教はインドに起源を持ち、アジア各地に広まった宗教であるが、梵鐘に関してはその祖形をインドに求めることは困難であり、中国古代の青銅器にその源流が求められる。
- Although Buddhism is a religion that originated in India and has expanded throughout Asia, the origins of Bonsho are hardly found in India but in ancient Chinese bronze ware.
- もともとの本曲は、普化宗で吹禅に使われた曲を指していたが、1871年の普化宗廃止後は宗教音楽とは無縁な尺八のみの独奏曲や重奏曲も本曲と呼ばれるようになった。
- The term honkyoku originally referred to the pieces that were practiced by adherents to the Fuke sect; however, following the abolition of the Fuke sect in 1871, the scope of meaning of the term expanded to include solo musical compositions unrelated to religion that were played on the shakuhachi, and even compositions consisting of more than one part for the shakuhachi came to be called honkyoku.
- 木喰の作風は伝統的な仏像彫刻とは全く異なった様式を示し、ノミの跡も生々しい型破りなものであるが、無駄を省いた簡潔な造形の中に深い宗教的感情が表現されている。
- Although Mokujiki's style was completely different from traditional sculptures, the way his chiseled work was left on the statues depicted his profound religious feelings within simple expression without any frivolity.
- ユグノー軍隊のリーダーでしたが、カトリック教徒のヘンリー三世の後任となって、1589年にブルボン王朝を設立したとき、彼は、宗教の自由をフランスに確立しました
- although he was leader of the Huguenot armies, when he succeeded the Catholic Henry III and founded the Bourbon dynasty in 1589 he established religious freedom in France
- 同時に当時の神祇に関する宗教思想のあり方を知ることができる点や、平安後期における院による熊野三山への支援を知ることができる点において、重要な史料となっている。
- At the same time, Chokan-kanmon is a precious historical material by which we can well understand the religious philosophy of Jingi (gods of heaven and earth) at the time as well as the reality of the Retired Emperors' support for Kumano sanzan in the late stage of the Heian period.
- 韓国の宗教文化研究院長の崔俊植 梨花大学教授は、ソシモリは、「ソシ」は「高い柱」、「モリ」は「頂上・てっぺん」、「ソシモリ」は「高い柱の頂上」という意とした。
- Choi Jun Sik (崔俊植), a professor at Ehwa Womans University and the head of the Religious Culture Studies Institute in South Korea, explains that the 'soshi' and 'mori' in 'Soshimori' refer to 'a high pillar' and 'summit or top,' respectively, thus the word 'Soshimori' means 'the summit of a high pillar.'
- 特に本願寺教団では法主が世襲して宗教的権威を誇り、門徒の喜捨を集め、「後生御免」という一種の免状発行権を独占したという点で家元制度に近いものとだと考えられる。
- In particular, Hongan-ji school is thought to bear a resemblance to the iemoto system, in that hoshu with hereditary religious authority collects almsgiving by monto and has the exclusive right to issue a kind of certificate called a 'goshogomen' (permission for happiness in the next life).
- だるま(達磨)は、仏教の1派である禅宗開祖の達磨の坐禅姿を模した置物、または玩具であり、現在では禅宗のみならず宗教、宗派を越え縁起物として広く親しまれている。
- A daruma is a doll or toy representing the sitting figure of Bodhidharma, the founder of the Zen, a sect of Buddhism, who is practicing Zen meditation; at the present time, it is widely popular as a lucky charm not only in the Zen sect, but also in different religious sects, across religions.
- 仏事といった信仰的・宗教的行為の役割のみならず、氏寺の存続・発展の為の荘園経営や、本来主人たる氏や家へ対しての経済援助や助言といった活動を行う氏寺も出てきた。
- These temples not only served a religious role, as ujidera emerged that also conducted manor management duties for the continuation and growth of the temple as well as providing financial assistance and advice to the clans or families that owned them.
- 現在では、依然として仏式の葬儀が一般的ではあるが、儀式の持つ意味が分かりやすい、経済的負担が他の宗教と比べて少ないといった理由から、神葬祭が増える傾向にある。
- Currently, Buddhist funerals are still popular, but Shinsosai has shown an upward trend on the grounds that the meanings of rites are easy to understand, and that compared with funerals of other religious faiths, Shinsosai puts a lighter strain on finances.
- (これは身体の一部が身体から分離したものとケガレとみなす考え方で、頭髪や爪、排泄物などにも同様な観念がみられる、また他の宗教や神話にも類似した観念が存在する)
- (This is the concept of considering a part of the body, meaning what is separated from the body, as unclean, which is also perceived in regard to the hair, nails and released bodily fluids; and similar ideas exist in other religions and myths.)
- 自衛隊麻薬診療施設の開設者は、麻薬及び向精神薬取締法第二十六条第三項の規定にかかわらず、捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員からの麻薬の譲渡の相手方となることができる。
- Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (3) of Article 26 under the Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances Control Act, the establisher of the Self-Defense Forces narcotics treatment facility may transfer narcotics from prisoners of war, medical personnel and chaplains.
- だが、日本においては、一部に摩擦を抱えながらも仏教と伝統宗教である神道の共存が確立しており、儒教を受容しながらもこれを仏教と相反するとする意識は高くなかった。
- But in Japan, even though there were conflicts, Buddhism and Shinto, which were traditional religions, coexisted together, lowering people's views of Buddhism being against Confucianism, even though they had taken in the teaching of Confucianism.
- 1638年(寛永15) 江戸幕府が対朝廷政策・宗教政策の一環として、幕府が朝廷に対して皇子下向の要請を出し、翌年に幕府と朝廷との間に皇子下向の契約が結ばれる。
- As part of the policy of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) concerning the Imperial Court and religion, the bakufu submitted a request to the Imperial Court in 1638 for a prince to move outside of Kyoto (regarded as 'descending' from the holy Imperial compounds to the lower world), and an understanding was reached beteween the bakufu and the Imperial Court the following year for such an arrangement.
- 政権の性格は、「鬼道を事とし、能く衆を惑わす」卑弥呼を女王とする邪馬台国の呪術的政権ではなく、宗教的性格は残しながらもより権力的な政権であったと考えられている。
- The nature of the regime is considered not like that of the magical regime of Yamatai-koku Kingdom with Queen Himiko who 'used the art of shaman and often misled the people,' but more powerful government remaining the religious nature.
- 大乗院日記目録(だいじょういんにっきもくろく)とは、奈良興福寺の門跡寺院である大乗院の、第27代大僧正尋尊が当時の政治・社会・文化・宗教史等について記した書物。
- Daijoin Nikki Mokuroku is the book recording the politics, social events, culture, and the history of religion written by Jinson, the 27th Daisojo (highest ranked priest among Japanese Buddhist monks) of Daijoin-Temple, which is the related temple of the nobility oriented/established Kofuku-ji Temple in Nara Prefecture.
- 宮沢賢治(詩人・童話作家)や高山樗牛(思想家)、妹尾義郎(宗教思想家)、北一輝(右派革命家)、石原莞爾(軍人・関東軍参謀)らがよく知られたその例といわれている。
- It is said that Kenji MIYAZAWA (a poet and author of children's stories), Chogyu TAKAYAMA (a thinker), Giro SENO (a religious thinker), Ikki KITA (a rightist revolutionary) and Kanji ISHIWARA (a warrior and staff person in the Kwantung army) were well-known examples.
- また、大谷派や同派が加盟する真宗十派による真宗教団連合の活動内容が左傾化しているとして、そのことを憂慮し問題視する僧侶の一部や門徒有志による私的団体も存在する。
- Additionally, some priests and voluntary groups of followers are concerned with and see it as a problem that the activities of Otani-ha and Shinshu Kyodan Rengo consisting of ten groups of Shinshu sects (including Otani-ha) seem to incline toward the left.
- 古代インドの宗教では、出家者は一般に所有欲を否定するために三衣一鉢の最低限の生活必需品しか所有しないほか、修行に専念するために農業などの生産活動には従事しない。
- Because monks in religions in Ancient India usually deny desires for possessions, they only possess sanne-ippatsu (three robes and one begging bowl), bare necessities, and they do not engage in productive activities such as agriculture in order to devote to ascetic practices.
- また、ペストなどの伝染病蔓延や宗教的理由による社会背景などにより、入浴が身体を害するものとみなされ、入浴という習慣が敬遠されていった(詳しくは入浴の項を参照)。
- In addition, bathing was considered to be harmful for a body due to the spread of infectious diseases, such as the plague, as well as social background including religious reasons and the practice of bathing was shied away from by people (concerning the details, refer to the item of bathing).
- 原始神道・縄文神道・復古神道とも言い、密教・仏教・道教などの外来宗教の影響を受ける以前の神道のことでもあるが、神社神道に対峙しての古神道という使われ方などもする。
- Koshinto is also referred to as primitive Shinto, Jomon Shinto and Fukko Shinto; all such names are used refer to the Shinto that existed before being influenced by foreign religions like Buddhism, esoteric Buddhism and Taoism, and indeed Koshinto is sometimes used to express those forms of Shinto opposed or contrasted to Shrine Shinto.
- その後、宗教団体法の廃止(昭和20年12月 1945)により、それまで統合されていた「合同真言宗」(または 大真言宗)は解体され(昭和21年3月1日付)各派独立。
- Subsequently, due to the abolishment of the Shukyo Dantaiho (Religious Organization Law) (December 1945), the combined religious group of the Shingon sect (or the Daishingo sect) was dissolved (dated March 1, 1946) and each sect established an individual religious sect.
- 中国では皇帝の即位式は、皇帝と臣下との相互承認という色彩が強いのに対して、天孫降臨の神話を持つ日本では、即位式に宗教的な観念が入り込む余地が大きかったと見られる。
- While the enthronement ceremony for the emperor in China had a strong tinge of mutual acknowledgment between the emperor and subjects, it seems that there was room for a religious concept concerning the enthronement ceremony for the emperor in Japan which is based upon the myth of the descent to earth by the grandson of the sun goddess.
- リチャード一世とフランスの王が指揮し、不和と異国での戦いで分裂した軍隊が宗教的熱意で一体化する敵軍に勝利できず失敗に終わった、1189年から1192年までの十字軍
- a Crusade from 1189 to 1192 led by Richard I and the king of France that failed because an army torn by dissensions and fighting on foreign soil could not succeed against forces united by religious zeal
- 外国人宣教師たちは、宗教的信念と戦勝国に属しているという傲岸さが入り交じった姿勢で中国社会に臨み、その慣行を無視することが多く、しばしば地域の官僚・郷紳と衝突した。
- The foreign missionaries dealt with Chinese society with an attitude of missionary belief and the arrogance of those belonging to a winning nation, and they often ignored customs, leading to frequent clashes with local bureaucracy and Kyoshin (Chinese gentry).
- 清沢 満之(きよざわ まんし、文久3年6月26日 (旧暦)〈1863年8月10日〉 - 明治36年〈1903年〉6月6日)は、日本の明治期に活躍した哲学者・宗教家。
- Manshi KIYOZAWA, August 10, 1863 - June 6, 1903 was a Japanese philosopher and Buddhist monk in the Meiji period.
- 第二次世界大戦のさなか、日本政府の宗教政策により、真言宗の古義・新義両派を合同して大真言宗になったが、戦後に独立し、1946年(昭和21年)、真言宗御室派となった。
- During World War II, the Japanese government's policy on religion forced Kogi (old) and Singi (new) Shingon sects to be integrated into Dai Shingon (literally, 'Large Shingon'), but in 1946, after the war it became independent and began referring to itself as the Omuro School of the Shingon Sect.
- 捕虜収容所長は、捕虜収容所の規律及び秩序の維持その他管理運営上支障を生ずるおそれがある場合には、被収容者を前項に規定する宗教上の儀式行事に参加させないことができる。
- In cases where there is a risk of causing a hindrance to either the maintenance of discipline and order or the management and administration of the prisoner of war camp, the prisoner of war camp commander may refuse to permit a detainee to participate in the religious ceremonies prescribed in the preceding paragraph.
- 明治以降、政府の宗教政策から、他の真言宗宗派(真言宗御室派(総本山仁和寺)・真言宗大覚寺派(大本山大覚寺)など)と合同した古義真言宗に属し、古義真言宗総本山となる。
- After the Meiji period, in accordance with the religious policies of the government, the Koyasan Shingon sect became a part of the Old Shingon sect, which was merged with the other religious schools of the Shingon sect (Omuro school of the Shingon sect [the grand head temple is Ninna-ji Temple], Daikaku-ji school of the Shingon sect [the head temple is Daikaku-ji Temple], etc.), and became the grand head temple of the Old Shingon sect.
- 森羅万象に命や神霊が宿るとする、古神道の一つである神奈備(かむなび)や磐座(いわくら)という山岳信仰と仏教、道教、陰陽道などが習合して確立した日本独特の宗教である。
- It is a Japan-specific religion combining various religions, such as Buddhism, Taoism, Onmyodo (the way of Yin and Yang, an occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements) with Kannabi (an old form of Shintoism) and Iwakura (a form of mountain worship) in which a life or divine spirit is considered to reside in everything.
- そして、延暦寺などの旧仏教系寺院が、このような秩序を保ちつつ国家権力と密着し、正統な宗教としてのあり方を固めた体制が中世を通じて見られたとするのが顕密体制論である。
- The theory continues that there existed the (kenmitsu) system during the medieval periods, whereby old Buddhism temples such as Enryaku-ji Temple established their status as authentic national religion by maintaining the above-mentioned competitive order and forging a bond of relationship with the ruling class in the nation.
- このような家門に結びついたカリスマ的な宗教的権威は国王の霊威(独: Königsheil)あるいは血統霊威(独:Geblütsheil)と学術的に呼び習わされている。
- Such mystical and religious power, passed down through certain families, is known academically as the divine right of kings (Königsheil in German) or a power ordained by God (Geblütsheil in German).
- 戦国時代最大の宗教的武装勢力である本願寺勢力と、天下布武を目指す織田信長との軍事的・政治的決戦であり、石山合戦の終結と同時に、各地の一向一揆はその勢いを著しく失った。
- It was the military and political decisive war between Hongan-ji Temple, the largest armed religious power in the Sengoku period (period of warring states), and Nobunaga ODA, on his way to 'Tenkahubu' (the unification of Japan), and with the end of the war, Ikko ikki that had occurred in various areas significantly lost its momentum.
- したがって、これらの実績を踏まえて考察するとき、真如苑を、侮蔑的な意味での新興宗教と称することが適切であるか否かは、今、一歩、慎重に検証、考察することが必要とされる。
- Thus, when investigating the religion after considering the above, Shinnyoen must be further investigated carefully, as to whether it's appropriate to contemptuously call it a new religion.
- 密教などの影響を受け仏教や神道の枠に収まりがたい発展を遂げた宗教には修験道、陰陽道などがあり、真言陀羅尼や功徳を積んだ法力への期待から御霊会など怨霊の鎮魂を担っていた。
- Shugendo (mountaineering asceticism), the Way of Yin and Yang and others have developed to go beyond Buddhism and Shinto under the influence of Esoteric Buddhism, and these religions were used to to pray for repose of vengeful spirits in sacred spirit service (goryoe) and other occasions from the expectation for the manifestation of mantra dharani (commandment of true words) or the power of Buddhism attained by accumulated virtues.
- 現在においては、新宗教で古神道を名乗る宗派も、上記記述の宗派の流れを受け継いだものであって、「古神道」の名を冠した宗派のは、江戸時代以前には存在していない、宗派もある。
- At present, a new religious sect calling itself Koshinto exists, and has inherited much the same characteristics as those sects described above; there are also other religious sects calling themselves Koshinto though none of these was in existence before the Edo period.
- 宗教、祈祷若しくは祭祀の職にある者又はこれらの職にあった者が、正当な理由がないのに、その業務上取り扱ったことについて知り得た人の秘密を漏らしたときも、前項と同様とする。
- The same shall apply to the case where a person who is or was engaged in a religious occupation discloses, without justifiable grounds, another person's confidential information which has come to be known in the course of such religious activities.
- 文明はまた、ひとたび自分を、相手の立場において考えてみると、この事象に対応して、常に不動心に燃え、その先達を凌駕するだけの宗教家になろう、と決意しさらに修行に徹した。.
- Fumiaki also thought that he needed to put himself in another person's place and, in consideration of this issue, he decided to always earnestly pursue a calm mind and train himself to become a religious leader superior to the sendatsu.
- 皇室の儀式「天皇大喪儀」の一部である「斂葬の儀」の内の「葬場殿の儀」の後、葬場から鳥居等の宗教的要素を持つものを撤去して、引き続いて、国の儀式である「大喪の礼」が行われた。
- They removed religious things such as torii (an archway to a Shinto shrine) after the 'Sojoden no Gi' within the 'Renso no Gi,' which is a part of the Imperial Court's private ceremony 'Tenno Taiso Gi,' in order to hold the national ceremony 'Taiso no Rei' after that.
- その後、第二次大戦中には宗教団体法の施行により、既存仏教各派の統合が進められ、真言宗各派は完全に統合されたが、戦後の昭和27年(1952年)に再度山階派として独立している。
- During the Second World War, enactment of the Religious Organizations Law led to the unification of the different schools of each Buddhist sect and the schools of the Shingon Sect were completely united but the temple once again became independent as the Yamashina school in 1952.
- 中山 美伎(なかやま みき、寛政10年4月18日 (旧暦)(1798年6月2日) - 明治20年1月26日 (旧暦)(1887年2月18日))は、日本の宗教家、天理教教祖。
- Miki NAKAYAMA (June 2, 1798 to February 18, 1887) was a Japanese religious leader (the founder of the Tenrikyo-sect).
- また、学制の整備によって宣教政策の目的が達成されるとの観点から、政府は教部省の存在自体を懐疑的に捉える結末となり、上記の混乱によって既存の宗教勢力は右往左往することとなった。
- In addition, the Meiji government considered that the establishment of the educational system throughout Japan could satisfy the purpose of national edification at the same time and thus became skeptical of Kyobusho, and these inconsistencies made the existing religious groups rush around in confusion.
- 神祇官内に設置された宣教使の神道と儒教を基本とした国民教導が失敗したことを受け、当時最大の宗教勢力であった仏教、特に浄土真宗の要請によって神・儒・仏の合同布教体制が敷かれた。
- After the failure of Shintoism instructed by the Shinto Missionary division set up inside of the department of Jingikan (officers of the institution for dedicating to religious ceremony) and the edification based on the ideas of Confucianism, Buddhism, the largest religious group of the days, and particularly its Jodo Shinshu Sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) requested the government to jointly propagate three religions in Japan, including Shintoism, Confucianism and Buddhism.
- また、君主や家長に対する忠義の遵守すること、集団で謀議を計ることや、許された宗教以外(邪宗門、はっきり言えばキリシタン)の禁止など、江戸幕府の政策を継承する内容となっている。
- It also inherited the policy of Edo bakufu, including the observance of the loyality to the lord and patriarch and the prohibition of the conspiracy or unrecognized religions (sects, to be specific, Christianity).
- 奉納(ほうのう)とは、氏子・檀家が神仏を敬い、また鎮め愉しませる目的のため、人々にとって「価値のあるもの」を供物として神仏(お墓なども含む)に捧げる宗教的な行為のことをいう。
- Hono is a religious act performed by ujiko (shrine parishioners) and danka (supporters of a Buddhist temple) aimed at respecting or appeasing and pleasing Shinto and Buddhist deities in which people offer 'something of value' to such deities (including tombs).
- やがて、宗教や霊能に関心を持つようになり、1898年3月1日、松岡芙蓉(または「天狗」と名乗ったとも)と名乗る神使に伴われて、亀岡市内の霊山・高熊山に一週間の霊的修業をする。
- Over time, he became interested in religion and psychic ability, and on March 1, 1898, went to the sacred mountain, Takakuma-yama, near Kameoka City with an oracle named Fuyo MATSUOKA (also known as 'Tengu') for week-long spiritual training.
- 南条 文雄(なんじょう ぶんゆう、嘉永2年5月12日 (旧暦)(1849年7月1日) - 昭和2年(1927年)11月9日)は、日本の明治・大正期に活躍した仏教学者・宗教家。
- Bunyu NANJO (July 1, 1849 - November 9, 1927) was a Japanese Buddhist scholar and religionist who was active during the time from the Meiji period to the Taisho period.
- 平安時代初期、役小角(えんのおづぬ、役行者ともいう)が、山岳信仰を行い孔雀明王の呪法を体得し、奈良県の葛城山を中心に当時の律令制の進展に不安だった民衆の宗教的な欲求に応えた。
- Early in the Heian period, En no Ozunu (also called En no Gyoja) mastered Juho (magic) of Kujaku Myoo by practicing mountain worship and responded, with Mt. Katsuragi in Nara as his base, to the religious needs of people who were uneasy about the development of the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the Ritsuryo code).
- キリスト教徒の比率が低い日本では、参列者はもとより遺族すらキリスト教徒で占められる事は期待できないため、宗教的純潔主義の主張より地域の習俗を重んじる者らへの配慮が優先される。
- In Japan, where the Christian population is small, the majority of the attendees as well as the surviving family members are not expected to be Christians, thus, rather than insistence of the principle of religious purity, priority is placed on consideration for those who consider the regional customs important.
- 阿含の星まつり(あごんのほしまつり)は、阿含宗により毎年2月11日、「炎の祭典・阿含の星まつり」として京都府京都市山科区北花山大峰の阿含宗本山境内地にて開催する宗教行事である。
- Agon Shu's Hoshi Matsuri is a religious event organized by the Agon sect on February 11 of every year as the 'Fire Rites Festival/Agon Shu's Hoshi Matsuri' in the precincts of Honzan (main temple) of Agon sect in Omine-cho, Kita-kazan, Yamashina Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 1960年代の欧米の文化人やロック (音楽)ミュージシャンの間では、東洋的な思想や宗教が流行したことがあり、中には着物(あるいは着物に似せてデザインした服)を着る者も見られた。
- During the 1960s, there was a trend among western intellectuals and rock musicians to study Eastern Thoughts and religions, and some of them wore Kimono or clothes modeled after Kimono.
- プロフェッショナルなものには神社などの宗教法人によってなされるものがあり、特定の事物に対する祓、地鎮祭や交通機関の安全を願うお祓いなどは神社などに委託されて行われることが多い。
- Official ones are those performed by religious organizations like shrines, and include exorcism for specific things, ground-breaking ceremonies, and exorcism, and praying for traffic safety are often entrusted and performed by shrines.
- 地域住民を主体とする伝統的祭礼と異なり行政主導である事が多く、宗教的側面が薄く伝統的制約が少ないため集客を目的としたさまざまな趣向が凝らされて華やかなイベントとなる傾向にある。
- Unlike a traditional festival managed directly by local residents, urban festivals are often initiated by local governments and, since they have few religious characteristics or traditional restrictions, tend to be flamboyant with lots of events in order to attract crowds.
- 以降、江戸時代まで、教王護国寺は真言宗の長者寺としてその役割を果たしてきたが、明治時代に入ると、政府の宗教政策から、真言宗は、古義真言宗・新義真言宗各派が合同することとなった。
- After that, until the Edo period, the Kyoogokoku-ji Temple had played a role as the head temple of the Shingon sect, and during the Meiji period, various schools of the Kogi Shingon sect and the Shingi (new) Shingon sect were integrated in accordance with the religious policy of the government.
- 絵の荒さから地方画師の制作が指摘されているが、民俗学、宗教史研究の上で貴重な資料として高い評価を得ており、牛耕の様子が描かれている田植図、僧兵強訴などの場面が広く知られている。
- The roughness in the pictures hints that they were painted by local painters, but they are highly appreciated as important materials for the study of folklore and religious history and the pictures of rice planting, where the cultivation by buffalos and the scene of sohei goso (direct petition by priest soldier) and so on are painted, are widely known.
- その範囲は、中央官制・法制・宮廷・身分制・地方行政・金融・流通・産業・経済・教育・外交・宗教政策など多岐に及び、日本をアジアで最初の西洋的国家体制を有する近代国家へと変貌させた。
- The restoration affected all areas of life, such as the organization of the central government, legislation, the Imperial court, the class system, the local administration, the distribution system, industry, education, diplomacy, and religious policy, and effectively converted Japan into the first Western-style modern state in Asia.
- 宗教的には、祭政一致の古代に復す改革であったから、1867年(慶応3年)旧暦1月17日 (旧暦)に制定された職制には神祇を七科の筆頭に置き、3月 (旧暦)には神仏分離が布かれた。
- Since the goal of the religious policy of the Meiji Restoration was to restore the era when Shinto and the state were united, the government put Jingi (the Department of Shinto Affairs) at the top of Seven Departments in the 'Office Organization' law, which was enacted on February 21, 1867, and proclaimed the 'Edict of Separation of Shinto and Buddhism' in April of that year.
- 興福寺内の寺務・寺領支配から大和国人衆の動向、京都の中央政界や親戚である九条家や本願寺の動きなどが詳細に記述されており、室町時代の政治・経済・社会・宗教に関する貴重な史料である。
- They contain detailed descriptions of the operation of the temple, how the temple was controlled within the Kofuku-ji Temple, social trends in Yamato Province, the development of central politics in Kyoto, the actions of Kyokaku's relatives, including the Kujo family and the workings of Hongan-ji Temple, thus collectively they are a rare historical record relating to the politics, economy, society and religion of the Muromachi period.
- 「マンダラ」という語は、英語ではヒンドゥー教やその他の宗教のコスモロジー(宇宙観)も含め、かなり広義に解釈されているが、日本語では通常、仏教の世界観を表現した絵画等のことを指す。
- Although the term 'mandala' is broadly interpreted in English as the cosmology in Hindu and other religions, it usually means paintings, and so on, that express the world view of Buddhism in Japanese.
- 証如の子、第11代顕如のとき、事実上、自立した大名権力となっていた本願寺教団は、畿内に進出し、宗教勢力から領主権力を奪って統一支配を確立しようとする織田信長と対立することとなった。
- At the period of the eleventh generation, Kennyo, who was a child of Shonyo, the Honganji Buddhist sect that became a virtually independent feudal lordship, expanded its influence into Kinai, which led to the confrontation with Nobunaga ODA, who tried to establish unified control by seizing seigniory from the religious power.
- この法律(これに基づく命令を含む。)の規定により捕虜等に対して与えられる保護は、人種、国籍、宗教的又は政治的意見その他これに類する基準に基づく不当に差別的なものであってはならない。
- The protection to be given to prisoners of war and other detainees pursuant to the provision of this Act (including orders based on this Act) shall not be unjustly discriminative based on race, nationality, religious or political opinions or any other similar criteria.
- 本願寺及び蓮如の北陸における成功の背景にはこうした近似した宗教的価値観を持った「一向衆」の存在が大きいわけであるが、同時に蓮如はこれによって親鸞の教えが歪められてしまう事を恐れた。
- Hongan-ji Temple and Rennyo's mission succeeded in the Hokuriku region thanks to the existence of the 'people of Ikkoshu sect,' whose religious concept was similar to that of Hongan-ji and Rennyo; on the other hand, though, Rennyo worried that the teachings of Shinran might be distorted by those people.
- イタリア人の1769年から1774年までの教皇で、支持がカトリック・ヨーロッパに残っているにもかかわらず敗れ、教会が非宗教的な王子の手に落ちる原因となった(1705年−1774年)
- Italian pope from 1769 to 1774 who lost whatever support remained of Catholic Europe, causing the church to fall into the hands of secular princes (1705-1774)
- ルイス・フロイスの言を借りると十六世紀後半の紀伊は神道・仏教への信仰が強く、四つか五つの宗教がそれぞれ「大いなる共和国的存在」であり、いかなる戦争によっても滅ぼされることはなかった。
- According to the words of Luis FROIS, the people in Kii Province in the latter part of the 16th century had a strong belief in Shinto and Buddhism, and all of the four or five religions were 'big existences like a republic,' which was not destroyed by any war.
- また、このような概念は古代のシャーマニズムとして世界中に土着し存在していたと考えられるが、それは世界的な様々な宗教の流布や民族の流れによってうやむやになってしまっているところも多い。
- Such notions are thought to have been ancient shamanism which indigenously existed all over the world, but they, in many ways, have become vague or ambiguous as a result of the spread of religions and people's relocations in the world.
- 皇位継承問題に干渉した興福寺と園城寺に総攻撃をかけたことは当時は評判が悪かったものの、強大な武力をもつ宗教勢力が皇位継承のような重大な政治問題に関わることを止めた意義は無視できない。
- Although he received a bad reputation for his full-force attack of Kofuku-ji and Onjo-ji Temples that interfered with the Imperial succession issue, it should also be noted that he stopped the involvement of temples and shrines with extremely strong armed forces with religious powers in important political issues such as the Imperial succession.
- 開祖親鸞は、釈尊・七高僧へと継承される他力念仏の系譜をふまえ、法然(浄土宗開祖)を師と仰いでからの生涯に渡り、「真の宗教である浄土宗の教え」を継承し、さらに高めて行く事に力を注いだ。
- The founder Shinran took the lineage of Tariki Nenbutsu to Shakamuni and Shichi Koso into consideration, and devoted himself to succeed 'the teachings of Jodo Shu as the true religion' and to enhance it, through his life after he regarded Honen (the founder of Jodo Shu) as his master.
- 入信に当たっては他宗・他宗教のお守りや札・像を破却するという、いわゆる謗法払いも佛立講が最初に行ったものであり、これらの布教方法は明治初年に大津法難を初めとする圧迫を生む一因となった。
- Butsuryu Sect was the one that first carried out the abandonment of charms, notes or statues of different sects or religions, and the exorcism of Hobo (the greatest punishment in Buddhism); thus its missionary methods became a reason to trigger the Otsu Attacks in the early years of Meiji.
- 公金その他の公の財産は、宗教上の組織若しくは団体の使用、便益若しくは維持のため、又は公の支配に属しない慈善、教育若しくは博愛の事業に対し、これを支出し、又はその利用に供してはならない。
- No public money or other property shall be expended or appropriated for the use, benefit or maintenance of any religious institution or association, or for any charitable, educational or benevolent enterprises not under the control of public authority.
- 両人は直ちに領内の村々に新政の趣旨を教えて回り、この巡回が終了した直後の明治4年(1871年)2月15日に出張所管内の寺院に出頭を命じ、宗教改革の一環である寺院の合併について質問をした。
- Both monks immediately taught the aim of new government around the villages in the domain and just after the end of the teaching tour, on February 15, 1871, Hattori issued a summons to appear in the temple in the branch office, and asked them about the merger of the temples which was a part of the Reformation.
- このため丁寧語として「御座布団」と呼ぶ事も在るが、この場合の御座布団では、宗教的行事などにおいて僧侶等が座る際に用いるための、特別に弾力性に富んでいたり装飾が施された物を指す場合がある。
- As a result, they are sometimes referred to in the honorific 'go-zabuton', although in this case the term 'go-zabuton' sometimes indicates zabuton used by priests in religious rites and these are decorated and have special elasticity.
- また、新宗教の一つでありつつも真言系当山派の法流を汲む真如苑では、すべての因縁業苦を焼き、一切を救うことから、「ひとしく、まとめて、ととのえる」という意味を持つ「斉燈」の字を当てている。
- Additionally, the Shinnyo-en Buddhist Order, one of the new religions adopting the teaching of the Shingon sect line Tozan school uses the kanji meaning 'equally bring together to improve' because the goma burns away every suffering from the effects of karma and fate.
- 被留置者が一人で行う礼拝その他の宗教上の行為は、これを禁止し、又は制限してはならない。ただし、留置施設の規律及び秩序の維持その他管理運営上支障を生ずるおそれがある場合は、この限りでない。
- Worship and other religious acts which a detainee performs individually shall not be prohibited nor restricted; provided, however, that this shall not apply where there is a risk of causing a hindrance to either the maintenance of discipline and order or the management and administration of the detention facility.
- 被収容者が一人で行う礼拝その他の宗教上の行為は、これを禁止し、又は制限してはならない。ただし、刑事施設の規律及び秩序の維持その他管理運営上支障を生ずるおそれがある場合は、この限りでない。
- Worship and other religious acts which an inmate performs individually shall not be prohibited nor restricted; provided, however, that this shall not apply where there is a risk of causing a hindrance to either the maintenance of discipline and order or the management and administration of the penal institution.
- この折伏教典は創価学会独自のもので現在は刊行されていないが、そこには日蓮宗、天台宗、真言宗、禅宗、念仏宗、キリスト教などありとあらゆる宗教哲学に対して徹底的に批判・断罪した内容であった。
- This Shakubuku Scripture is an original one of Soka Gakkai and is not publicly available at present, but its contents are thorough criticism and condemnations of all kinds of religious philosophies including Nichirenshu sect, Tendaishu sect, Shingonshu sect, Zen sect, Nenbutsushu sect, and Christianity, etc.
- 文明は、価値あるモノと見るような、宗教家としてあるまじき相(すがた)に、かえって哀れを感じ、これを狭量に解釈すれば、腹も立ち相手を責める気持ちに自分も苦しんでいったに違いない、と感じた。
- But Fumiaki rather felt a pity for the way the sendatsu saw it as only valuable things and no religious leader should do that, and thought that the sendatsu might have suffered from the anger and blame the sendatsu put on Fumiaki from a different point of view.
- 第二次世界大戦のさなか、日本政府の宗教政策により、真言宗の古義・新義両派を合同して大真言宗に組み込まれたが、戦後に独立し、1952年(昭和27年)、真言宗山階派となり、現在に至っている。
- During World War II, the Kogi, Shingi both schools of the Shingon sect were integrated into the Daishingon sect by according to the religious policy of the Japanese government, but it gained independence as the present Yamashina school of the Shingon sect in 1952.
- 一方、政権政党である公明党の支持母体の日蓮正宗系(但し、現在は破門)新宗教団体創価学会の入信者数は教団の公式発表で827万世帯、世論調査などから割り出した推計数で400万人と言われている。
- Meanwhile, Soka Gakkai, or a new religious body of Nichiren Shoshu sect (but it is excommunicated by the sect at present), which is the power base of one of the governing parties, the New Komeito Party, officially announced that 8.27 million heads of families belong to the body, but a poll and other survey show there are estimated to be 4 million believers.
- これはおそらく民間宗教者の関与によって、「稲荷神」「伊勢神宮」「八坂神社」「熊野三山」「白山神社」「天満宮」「八幡宮」「若宮」などの有名神社の分霊を祀っていることに変更されたと考えられる。
- What is likely due to the involvement of folk religion followers, it is known that these shrines were changed to enshrine separated deities transferred from various famous shrines such as 'Inari-shin,' 'Ise-jingu Shrine,' 'Yasaka-jinja Shrine,' 'Kumano Sanzan' (three major shrines in Kumano), 'Hakusan-jinja Shrine,' 'Tenman-gu Shrine,' 'Hachiman-gu Shrine,' and 'Wakamiya Shrine.'
- 1925年(大正14年)には、真言宗高野派・真言宗東寺派と合同して、古義真言宗に属したが、太平洋戦争中に、政府の宗教政策により、古義真言宗と新義真言宗の合同が計られ、大真言宗に統合された。
- The Takano and Toji schools of the Shingon Sect unified in 1925 and became part of the Kogi Shingon Sect but during the Second World War, the government amalgamated the Kogi (Old) Shingon Sect and Shingi (New) Shingon Sect into the single Daishingon Sect as part of its policy on religion.
- 伊藤真乗(いとう しんじょう、俗名:伊藤文明(いとう ふみあき)、明治39年(1906年)3月28日 - 平成元年(1989年)7月19日)は、日本の宗教家で、在家仏教教団・真如苑の開祖。
- Shinjo ITO (Fumiaki ITO, March 28, 1906 - July 19, 1989) was a religious leader who founded Shinnyoen, the lay Buddhist Organization.
- 本殿、拝殿、本堂、会堂、僧堂、僧院、信者修行所、社務所、庫裏、教職舎、宗務庁、教務院、教団事務所その他宗教法人の前条に規定する目的のために供される建物及び工作物(附属の建物及び工作物を含む)
- Honden (Shinto main sanctuaries), haiden (Shinto worship halls), hondo (Buddhist main halls), kaido (meeting halls), sodo (Buddhist meditation halls), soin (monasteries), shinsha shugyosho (ascetic practice areas), shamusho (Shinto shrine offices, kuri (Buddhist monks' living quarters), kyoshokusha (teaching halls), shumucho (Buddhist sect offices), kyomuin (religious affairs offices), kyodanjimusho (religious organization offices), and other buildings and structures (including attached buildings and structures) provided to allow a religious corporation to conduct activities as described in the previous article
- 宗教法人若しくは礼拝施設に対し無償で送られる式典用具及び礼拝用具又は墓地の建設、維持、修復若しくは装飾のために必要な貨物であつて、無償で送られるもの(経済産業大臣が告示で定めるものに限る。)
- Ceremonial equipment and ritual equipment sent without charge to religious corporations or ritual facilities or goods necessary for the construction, maintenance, repair or decoration of graveyards, which are sent without charge (limited to those specified by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry in public notice)
- 伝統的な宗派に属する寺院でも、不登校の問題や自殺防止などに取り組んだり、宗教家の立場で人々の相談に乗ったるする寺院など、人々の心の問題に取り組もうとする動きが伝統的な仏教界にも見られている。
- Today the Buddhist circles, which had been keeping a lot of traditions, is trying to assist people in solving problems of minds; for example, some temple of traditional sects are involved in the prevention of school truancy and suicide, and some priests guide people as persons of religion.
- なお、伝統仏教の流れを汲みつつ新宗教の一つともいわれる真如苑では、霊能者から与えられた「ご霊言」をもって日常生活の態度や信心のあり方を瞑想思惟することを「有相接心(うそうせっしん)」という。
- In Shinjoen, which is said to be one of the new religions that branched out from the traditional Buddhism, doing meditation and manas regarding the behavior and belief of the everyday life based on the 'spiritual word' given by a medium is called 'Uso Sesshin.'
- 前者は荒田・仏神田(寺田・神田、その他宗教行事経費)・人給(荘官や地頭など代官の給分)・井料(井戸や用水などの灌漑設備)などが挙げられ、それ以外の後者に対して実際の年貢・公事が賦課されていた。
- The former included run-down fields, fields belonging to shrines and temples (including expenses for other religious events), personnel costs (salaries for local governors such as shokan and jito), and the cost of water (irrigation facilities such as wells and irrigation channels), while the latter, categorized as the rest, was the basis on which nengu and kuji were imposed.
- シカゴ大学名誉教授で宗教史学者のジョゼフ・キタガワは、シャーマン的能力の持ち主で、血縁の男性を介して長期間の統治を行った受動的な女性最高権者である点が、邪馬台国の卑弥呼に似ていると述べている。
- Joseph M. Kitagawa, a professor emeritus and a historian of religion at University of Chicago, describes that she resembles Himiko of Yamatai-Koku Kingdom in that she had a shamanistic ability and was the highest authority holder who was passive and female, and governed the country for a long time through a consanguine man.
- 自然崇拝の一種で、狩猟民族などの山岳と関係の深い民族が山岳地とそれに付帯する自然環境に対して抱く畏敬の念、雄大さや厳しい自然環境に圧倒され恐れ敬う感情などから発展した宗教形態であると思われる。
- It is a kind of nature worship, and is believed to be a form of religion developing from the feeling of awe towards mountainous areas and its accompanying natural environment and the feeling of being overwhelmed, fear, and respect with the magnificence and harshness of the natural environment that hunters had in their deep relationship with mountains..
- 井沢元彦も「もし信長が日蓮法華宗を嵌めたのなら、なぜ素直に詫び証文を書いたのか、また当時の宗教は世俗の権力に徹底的に反抗するのが常であり、大規模な法華一揆を起こさなかったのか」と指摘している。
- Motohiko IZAWA pointed out that if Nobunaga tricked the Nichiren Hokkeshu sect, the sect should not have obediently written the deed, and in those days, as religious sects were consistently resistant to the secular power, a big uprising should have broken out.
- 現代世界が抱える諸問題において、このような日本的な宗教的価値観が有効とされる場合もあり、これを方法論としてみた場合、たとえば「里山文化(鎮守の森)」の考え方は問題の解決を示唆する可能性もある。
- For various problems in the modern age, this kind of Japanese sense of worship for religion may be effective, and when regarding this as a methodology, one example is that an idea of 'satoyama bunka (traditional village culture) (Chinju-no-Mori) (Sacred Shrine Forest) has a possibility of suggesting problem solving.
- それ以前の最も原始的な日本人の宗教観は「触らぬ神に祟りなし」のことわざどおり、御室の深奥でひっそりと鎮座する神霊を、機嫌を損ねて廟域から出ないように、ただ畏れて封印するものだったのかもしれない。
- In the most primitive concept of religion in Japan was, as the proverb says, 'Sawaranu Kami ni Tatari nashi' (If you don't touch the god, the god won't haunt you), people probably only scared and sealed the mausoleums not to bother the divine spirits that were enshrined in the quiet solitude in the depth of the mausoleums.
- 漢訳仏典圏では、鳩摩羅什訳の『妙法蓮華経』が、「最も優れた翻訳」として、天台宗教学や多くの宗派の信仰上の所依として広く用いられており、「法華経」は「妙法蓮華経」の略称として用いられる場合もある。
- In the countries where Buddhism sutras were translated into Chinese, 'Myohorenge-kyo' (translated by Kumaraju) was considered to be 'the best translation' and was used as the essential sutra for Tendai sects and many other sects, so that the name 'Hokke-kyo sutra' is in some cases used as an abbreviation for 'Myohorenge-kyo.'
- また、在家主導の組織運営・現世利益の強調・他宗攻撃などのスタンスは、その後の法華系の新宗教に広く影響を与え、佛立講から霊友会へと入信して妙智会教団を創設した宮本ミツの様な遍歴を重ねるものもいた。
- Additionally, its stance regarding the management of the organization, the emphasis on Genseriyaku and attacks on other sects strongly influenced later new sects of the Lotus Sutra, and some went on pilgrimages similar to that of Mitsu MIYAMOTO, who established Myochikai Kyodan from Reiyukai, which was in turn from Butsuryu Ko.
- そのシャーマニズムから祖先崇拝の要素を取り出して礼教化し、仁愛の理念をもって、当時、身分制秩序崩壊の社会混乱によって解体していた古代社会の道徳的・宗教的再編を試みたのが孔子であると主張している。
- She claimed that Koshi attempted to morally and religiously reorganize the ancient society, which was falling apart due to social disorder caused by collapse of public order based on the system of social status, by extracting the ancestor worship factor from shamanism and organizing it as Rei-kyo, and by embracing a philosophy of sympathy.
- 神仏分離令の主旨は仏教の排斥ではなく、江戸時代までの神仏習合による仏教と神道の混交から両者を分離することであったが、当時の復古的機運は仏教でさえも外来の宗教として激しく排斥する廃仏毀釈へと向かった。
- The gist of this Edict was not to reject Buddhism but to separate Shinto and Buddhism from the syncretism that existed until the Edo period, but this reactionary movement was strongly rejected by the anti-Buddhist movement, who regarded Buddhism as the imported religion.
- 欧米各国では新聞がこぞってこの悪辣な暴挙を非難し世論も硬化していたため、当時の駐米少弁務使森有礼は『日本宗教自由論』をあらわして禁教政策の継続の難しさを訴え、西本願寺僧侶島地黙雷らもこれにならった。
- In the U.S. and European countries the newspapers all criticized the villainous outrage and public opinion also grew stronger, so the then Japanese charge d'affaires to the U.S., Arinori MORI, wrote 'Religious Freedom in Japan' stating that it was difficult to hold on to the anti-Christian policy, which was followed by some people including Mokurai SHIMAJI, a Buddhist monk of West Hongan-ji Temple.
- 新渡戸は現地の教育関係者との会談において日本における宗教的教育の喪失に突き当たった結果、『武士道』(Bushido The Soul of Japan)を明治33年(1900年)に英語版で刊行した。
- Nitobe had meetings with educators there and found the loss of religious education in Japan and as a result he published 'Bushido' in English in 1900.
- 一方で、神幸行列などにおいて馬上であることは特別なことではなく、また装飾と化粧は風流でも見られるものであり、前述の特徴は宗教的な意味が特に強いものではなく、ヒトツモノは依坐ではなかったとの解釈もある。
- On the other hand, there is a different interpretation that Hitotsumono was not a yorishiro because the characteristics described previously didn't have special religious meanings; a horseback riding in a divine procession was not unique, and furyu also had decoration and make-up.
- そして、この流れを受け継いだ大正時代には、学会誌「建築雑誌」や各種新聞雑誌の類などを行い、この運動は昭和初期まで続くこととなり民俗学において、民家研究や民族宗教研究といった研究分野での進展がなかった。
- Therefore, following the trend during the Taisho period and academic journal 'Architecture Journal' and similar journals published this movement which continued until the early Showa period, with regard to folklore there has been no progress in the study of folk dwelling, religion and related fields.
- 真宗は、ただ如来の働きにまかせて(すなわち真実の信心を獲得すれば)、全ての人は往生成仏することが出来るとする教えから、他の宗派と比べ多くの宗教儀式や習俗にとらわれず、報恩謝徳の念仏と聞法を大事にする。
- With its doctrine that everyone can go to Heaven (Ojo jobutsu) only by trusting Nyorai's power (in other words, if acquiring true faith), Shinshu, compared to other sects, is free from many religious exercises and customs, and makes much of nenbutsu and Mombo (learning the teachings of Buddha) for Ho-on Shatoku (gratitude for kindness and virtue).
- 真言の法脈の伝承に関しては、真言宗の系譜(真言八祖から法脈の伝承を明確に記している系図)に真乗と明確に記されている(宗教法人真如苑認証の際に、文部省(現在の文部科学省)の担当官が確認している)という。
- In terms of the tradition of dharma lineage of the Shingon sect, it is said that the name Shinjo was clearly mentioned in the genealogy of the Shingon sect (it has traditional dharma lineage since Shingon the eighth) (it was confirmed by a person in charge of the Ministry of Education (currently the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) when applying for approval of a religious corporation, Shinnyoen Buddhism).
- 戦後60年、二世代を経た今、旧仏教、新宗教の二元的括り(くくり)からの視点ではなく、なおも様々な模索をかさねながらも、新時代に即応する「仏教」の一方向、可能性を、この宗団は指し示しているように惟われる。
- Sixty years after the war, through successive generations and seeing religion not from the perspective of categorization into a simultaneously existing Bukkyo and new religion, although the search for direction continues, it is presumed that the religious group of Shinnyoen seems to direct a certain direction or possibility, where 'bulky' should describe the new generation.
- 托鉢(たくはつ、サンスクリット:pindapata)とは、仏教やジャイナ教を含む古代インド宗教の出家者の修行形態の1つで、信者の家々を巡り、生活に必要な最低限の食糧などを乞い、信者に功徳を積ませる修行。
- Takuhatsu (pindapata in Sanskrit) is one of the forms of ascetic practice for monks of Ancient Indian religions, including Buddhism and Jainism, and it is an ascetic practice to make monks go around the homes of believers, beg for the least amount of food and so on required, and let the believers earn merit.
- 海上保安被留置者が一人で行う礼拝その他の宗教上の行為は、これを禁止し、又は制限してはならない。ただし、海上保安留置施設の規律及び秩序の維持その他管理運営上支障を生ずるおそれがある場合は、この限りでない。
- Worship and other religious acts which a coast guard detainee performs individually shall not be prohibited nor restricted; provided, however, that this shall not apply where there is a risk of causing a hindrance to either the maintenance of discipline and order or the management and administration of the coast guard detention facility.
- 上座部仏教と大乗仏教、顕教と密教、自力門と他力門など互いに相容れないように見える教義がひとつの宗教にあることは不思議なようであるが、もちろんすべての宗派に共通しているのは仏教の証しとされる三法印である。
- It may seem mysterious that creeds which look as incompatible as Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism, exoteric Buddhism and esoteric Buddhism, and jirikimon and tarikimon exist within one religion, but of course, the three seals of the dharma, which are said to be the proof of Buddhism, are common to all schools.
- もともと仏教では、過去七仏にみられるように釈迦仏が仏教という大宗教を成したのは単に釈迦一代のみの事業ではなく、過去においてすでに成道し成仏した仏陀たちの前世の功徳が累積した結果であるという思想があった。
- Originally in Buddhism, as may be seen in the legend of Kako-shichibutsu (seven Buddhas in the past), Shakyamuni Buddha was believed to have successfully established such a great religion as Buddhism not within his generation, but as a result of the accumulated good conduct of his many predecessor Buddhas who had attained enlightenment and Buddhahood in the past world.
- が、戦前と同様合祀・合祀申請ともに遺族の同意を一切求めず行われるため、クリスチャンである殉職自衛官の妻が(他の遺族は全員賛成)、宗教的人格権を侵害されたとして損害賠償等を請求する事態に発展したことがある。
- However, since the collective enshrinement and its application proceeded without an agreement with the bereaved family like in the prewar period, a situation once developed where the Christian wife of a self-defense official who died on duty (other family members all agreed with the collective enshrinement) asked for compensation or the like for religious human rights violations.
- ただし裁判所の初代住職の地位保全の決定によって、初代住職の存命中は修福寺を占有することは認められているため、何らかの理由で退去しない限りは日蓮正宗は修福寺においては宗教活動をすることはできない状態である。
- However, a court decision regarding the preservation of the status of the first head priest which states that is he able to occupy Shufuku-ji Temple for as long as he lives means that no sect activities may be conducted at Shufuku-ji Temple unless he were to leave for any reason.
- これら新興の宗教以外の古い天台宗・真言宗・法相宗にも独占した門跡を通じ朝廷との深い繋がりを懸念し、新たに浄土宗知恩院を門跡に加え、更に天台宗・真言宗の頂点として輪王寺に門跡を設けて天台座主の座を独占した。
- In addition to these newly-emerging religious sects, Ieyasu also cared about the older Tendai sect, Shingon sect, and Hosso sect concerning their connections with the Imperial court through the Monzeki posts (the head priest posts of these temples), and he newly added the Monzeki post to Chion-in Temple of the Jodo sect and furthermore, to Rinno-ji Temple as the pinnacle temple of the Tendai sect and of the Shingon sect, monopolizing the head priest posts of the Tendai sect.
- 捕虜代表は、自らがその利益を代表すべき範囲の捕虜、衛生要員又は宗教要員に送還対象重傷病者に該当すると思料する者があるときは、捕虜収容所長に対し、混成医療委員にその者の診断を行わせるよう求めることができる。
- The prisoners' representatives may, when he/she finds that any of prisoners of war, medical personnel or chaplains among those interests he/she represents falls a seriously wounded or sick person subject to repatriation, request the prisoner of war camp commander to have members of mixed medical commissions to examine such persons.
- 香道は、香木が推古天皇3年(595年)に淡路島に漂着してから、宗教的(主として仏教)に利用されてきた香木を、炷き、香りを聞いて鑑賞するものとして利用するようになり、結果として日本独自の芸道として発展した。
- Koboku originally used in religion (mainly Buddhism) was introduced to Awaji Island in 595 and was used to appreciate incense by listening to as it burns, and as a result, incense burning developed as unique Japanese Geido.
- 滝を模し水が深山から流れ出し、大きな流れになってゆく様子を表現する手法や、石を立て、また石を組合せることによる石組表現、宗教的な意味を持たせた蓬莱山や蓬莱島、鶴島、亀島などに見立てる手法が多く用いられる。
- Techniques are used to express water flowing down a mountain turning into a huge stream by imitating a water fall, and ishigumi (stone combinations) such as arranging stones and putting together rocks symbolizing religious significance like Horai-san mountain (a mountain island in China where a benevolent wizard who had a drug for achieving eternal youth was believed to reside) and Horai-to island (same as the Horai-san mountain, see above), tsuru-shima island (the island of the crane, which is a place to pray for a long life) and kame-shima island (the island of the tortoise, also a place to pray for a long life) are commonly used.
- 最近では、手軽に作れるシール形式の千社札が急増しており、宗教的な用途以外にも、名札の代わりにしたり、気合を込めるの意味で太鼓の達人のプレイに使用する自作の撥に貼り付けたりと、様々な用途が生み出されている。
- Recently, easily-made sticker type senjafuda have increased and are used other than for religious purposes such as for business cards and some kind of amulet stuck to 'bachi' (drumsticks) of a drum master to inspire himself when he performs.
- これは宗教的な問題からというよりも、大友家の勢力が衰退する中で寺社勢力が非協力的になった為と家臣に所領として与える土地がなくなった為、寺社領を取り上げて家臣に与えるという政治的理由の方が大きかったとされる。
- It depended on the political reason rather than the religious issue, because of uncooperative power of shrines in the circumstances of the declining power of the Otomo family, the shortage of land provided to vassals as territory and giving temples and shrines accepted by vassals.
- さらに、宗教法人法(昭和26年4月3日施行 1951)により、旧宗団組織を改め、在家仏教を基盤とする新たな教団の体制を整え、 密宗「真如苑」(昭和28年5月16日付 文部大臣認証 1953)の発足となった。
- Furthermore, after the Religious Cooperation Law was issued (the law became effective on April 3, 1951), the former religious organization was reformed and the system of the new religious group based on lay people in Buddhism was organized, Misshu, or 'Shinnyoen Buddhism,' was established. (approved by the Minister of Education on May 16, 1953).
- 神社仏閣や城郭の天守を想起させる切り妻の屋根飾りに合掌組を反曲させた曲線(写真建物の上端部)は、宗教性や権威を誇るディテールであり、また、極楽浄土へいざなう入り口を示すシンボリックな側面を合わせ持っている。
- A curve (at the upper end of the photo) of the recurved principal rafter is used to decorate a gable roof, reminding people of shrines and temples, or the tenshu (keep or tower) of a castle is a detail that proudly denotes religion and authority while having a symbolic feature showing the entrance leading to the Pure Land of Amitabha.
- しかしながら、美しい女性を描いた洋画は数多いが、そのテーマはほとんどの場合神話や伝説、歴史、宗教などを主題に据えており(19世紀以降の洋画はそうではないものも多いが)、日本の美人画とは必ずしも同一視しがたい。
- However, while there are many Western paintings which depict beautiful women, the themes in most cases concern mythology, or legend, history or religion (although this is not the case with many of the Western paintings after the 19th century), they cannot always be regarded as being the same as the Japanese bijinga.
- 盛平自身、折りあるごとに、「合気道は適度な運動で血行を改善し、骨格を矯正し、体内の“気”の流れを整えることで身体の“穢れ”をはらう“禊ぎ”である」…等と独自の宗教的表現で、合気道の健康効果について述べている。
- Morihei himself spoke of the health benefits of aikido using unique religious expressions, saying that 'aikido is a 'misogi' that removes the 'impurities' from the body by improving the blood circulation, correcting the bone structure and adjusting the flow of 'qi' in the body through moderate exercise.'
- 文化および工業都市・京は平安京以来の都であり、応仁の乱によって大打撃を受けたものの、依然として朝廷や仏教の有力宗派のうちのいくつかの本山などが設置され、学術・芸術・宗教の面では当時の日本を代表する都市であった。
- Kyoto, currently known as the cultural and industrial center, had been the national capital since the period of Heian-kyo with the Imperial Court and the headquarters of a numerous leading Buddhist sects, despite the serious setbacks suffered in the Onin War, and it was the city representing Japan as the center of the academic activities, arts and religion at that time,
- この寒修行満願の日(2月3日)前後に関して文明は、仕事をやめて宗教の道に入る不安が夫婦ともにあり、片一方が仏道を提唱すると片一方は反対し、また逆になったりして、仏と人間との斗(たたか)いであったと回想している。
- He looked back on the days around the completion day of the vow (February 3) in kanshugyo (ascetic practices in cold weather), saying that the coupled feeling uncertainty of devoting themselves to the field of religion were as if they had fought between Buddha and a man; one proposed to get devoted to the religion while the other opposed to it and vice versa.
- ただし、これは冒頭に述べたとおり“仏罰”は仏教全体の解釈や用語ではなく、一部の法華系宗派、あるいは新宗教教団の信徒によって広められた用語や解釈であり、これらの用語は正しいものではないと否定する宗派も少なくない。
- However, this term and interpretation of 'Butsubachi' is not common in Buddhism as a whole as mentioned at the beginning, which was spread only by part of the schools belonging to the Hokke Sect line or believers of new religious groups, so quite a few sects deny these terms as false.
- 一般に「単独で設立された宗教法人」の意味と理解されているが、一説に寺院の僧堂内にある各僧侶1人1人のスペースを「単」といい、そこから1寺院を単になぞらえ、宗派という集団から独立した状態を指すようになったともいう。
- In general, the term Tanritsu is understood as 'a religious corporation that is set up independently,' however, one theory holds that they linked one temple to 'Tan,' the space that every priest has in a meditation hall at a temple, to create the term Tanritsu to express a condition in which one is independent from a religious school.
- 学者のあり方から妾の是非(男女同権論等)、哲学や信教の自由などの宗教論、文字改良論などの教育論、死刑廃止論等の社会問題関連、貨幣・貿易等の経済諸問題、はては妖怪の類まで、非常に広きにわたる論説・翻訳を扱っている。
- It dealt with articles and translations in wide areas, ranging from the style of scholar, right and wrong of concubine (feminism etc.), Philosophy, religious arguments including freedom of faith, educational arguments such as an opinion to improve letters, social problems such as the abolition of death penalty, economic problems such as currency and trades, to specters.
- キリスト教の(半ば黙認という形での)禁制解除、社寺に於ける女人結界の解除など近代宗教政策を実施する一方で、神祇官が為し得なかった国民教化を実現する為に教導職制度を設け、大教院による国民教化・大教宣布運動を行った。
- While implementing modernistic religious policies including the cancellation of a ban on Christianity (in reality a tacit permission) and the prohibition against woman entering a sacred area at temples and shrines, Kyobusho also established a system called the kyodoshoku (evangelist) system, and propagated national edification and the Imperial Edict (of 1870) for Establishment of Shinto under Daikyoin (Great Teaching Institute) in order to realize the edification and enlightenment of citizens after the failure of the Jingikan department.
- 律令法において、天皇の地位、権能について規定がないのも、それが国家的祭祀の執行など大化前代以来の宗教的機能をもっていたことと、専制君主的性格をもったことの結果であって、法を超越した存在と考えられていたからである。
- The position and authority of Emperors were not defined in the ritsuryo law, due to their religious functions, such as; their performing of national religious services since the pre-Taika era, and as a result of their despotic nature, this made them above the law.
- しかし、キリスト教徒を除けばこれらに宗教行事としての印象は持っておらず、クリスマスは、サンタクロースの贈り物、ツリーやケーキを連想し、バレンタインは恋愛をする上で重要なイベントというぐらいでしか認知されていない。
- Because people other than Christians do not perceive these events as religious rites, they easily associate Christmas with gifts from Santa Claus, Christmas trees, and cakes, and Valentine's Day with nothing more than an important romantic event.
- 捕虜収容所内において被収容者が自ら個別に行う礼拝その他の宗教上の行為は、これを禁止し、又は制限してはならない。ただし、捕虜収容所の規律及び秩序の維持その他管理運営上支障を生ずるおそれがある場合は、この限りでない。
- The worship and other religious acts that a detainee performs individually in the prisoner of war camp shall not be prohibited nor restricted; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the case in which there is a risk of causing a hindrance to either the maintenance of discipline and order or the management and administration of the prisoner of war camp.
- 前項の別に法律で定める日については、受益者の定めのない信託のうち学術、技芸、慈善、祭祀、宗教その他公益を目的とする信託に係る見直しの状況その他の事情を踏まえて検討するものとし、その結果に基づいて定めるものとする。
- The date specified separately by law set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be considered in light of the status of the review of trusts with no provisions on their beneficiaries which are created for academic activities, art, charity, worship, religion, or other public interest, as well as other circumstances concerned, and shall be determined based on such consideration.
- これらの事業により、仏教に関連するものが多く発掘されたことから、これまで仏教に対して厳しい姿勢を取っていたと思われていた信長が実はかなり寛容であり、単に宗教と軍事とを分離しようとしていただけという説も出始めている。
- A lot of relics relating to the Buddhism were excavated by these projects, which established a new theory that in fact, Nobunaga was quite tolerant toward Buddhism and only tried to separate religion and military affairs, although he had long been believed to be strict in Buddhism.
- この伝承が、宗教団体法の華三法行を主催した福永法源が「真性仏舎利を奉戴した後、超能力で100個に増えた」と言ったことからも分かるように、「仏舎利が増えるならビジネスになる」という悪智慧の温床にもなってしまっている。
- This tradition has been a hotbed of craft such as, 'If Buddha's sariras increase in number, it is a sign of good business,' as seen in a comment by Hogen FUKUNAGA, founder of Ho-no-Hana Sampogyo, a religious organization, who stated, 'When I was given genuine Buddha's sariras, they multiplied by 100 due to my supernatural power.'
- 明治2年(1869年)、モンブランは鹿児島で島津忠義(茂久)に謁見した後、今度は東京において、樺太の領有権問題や宗教問題(浦上四番崩れにより日本が諸外国から抗議されたのを受けたもの)など、新政府の外交に助言をよせた。
- In 1869 Montblanc had an audience with Tadayoshi (a.k.a Mochihisa) SHIMAZU in Kagoshima, moved to Tokyo and advised the new government about diplomatic issues, such as the territorial rights issue of Sakhalin, and religious matters (resulting from the criticism by foreign countries of the four crackdowns on Christians in Nagasaki - 'Urakami Yoban Kuzure' in Japanese).
- 後述)を抱いたままこの世に留まり、自らを死に至らしめた相手を呪い、時にはその相手を死にまで至らしめることによって、自らの仕返しの思いを遂げるという、(一部の)宗教上あるいは心霊上での概念やその超自然的存在自体を指す。
- the spirit may curse the person who caused their death and in some cases drive that person to death, and in this way seek retaliation.
- 古代の呪術的な宗教観の元では、その祭祀の形態から神の存在は特定の場所に常在する存在ではなく、神を呼ぶという行為が行われていたと考えられ、自らの身体に神を降ろす、いわゆる神がかり(神霊の憑依)の儀式が行われたとされる。
- According to the religious services of ancient times, where magic rituals prevailed, people who believed the gods did not reside in one particular place performed invocations by having them possess a human body through the so-called Ritual of Possession.
- これは本来は九州地方固有の神を祀った神社であったとも言われている宇佐八幡宮の社会的影響力の増大が、皇室と律令制・鎮護国家が形成する皇室祭祀と仏教を基軸とする宗教的秩序に対する脅威になる事を危惧したからだと言われている。
- This is said to have occurred because the government was afraid that the social influence of Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine, which was said to be a shrine that originally worshipped a local god of Kyushu region, grew so much that it would become a threat to the religious order centered on the Imperial family, Imperial household religious rites formed by the Ritsuryo system and the nation protection thought, and Buddhism.
- 日本に仏教が伝来した飛鳥時代には、神道と仏教はまだ統合される事はなかったが、平安時代になり、仏教が一般にも浸透し始めると、日本古来の宗教である神道との軋轢が生じ、そこから神は仏の仮の姿であるとする神仏習合思想が生まれた。
- During the Asuka period in which Buddhism was first transmitted to Japan, Shinto and Buddhism had not yet integrated with one another, but in the Heian period when Buddhism began to diffuse throughout the nation, a certain degree of friction arose between the new beliefs and the ancient Japanese Shinto religion and out of this rose a syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism in which Shinto kami were considered to be the temporary forms of Buddhist deities.
- 1871年(明治4年)には近代社格制度のもとで官幣大社に列格するとともに、正式社名を「稲荷神社」とし、「官幣大社稲荷神社」となったが、戦後の1946年に神社本庁とは独立した単立宗教法人となり、「伏見稲荷大社」と改称した。
- With classified as a Kanpei Taisha (Imperial shrine) under the modern shrine ranking system in 1871, the shrine changed its formal name to 'Inari-jinja' to become 'Kanpei Taisha Inari-jinja', but in 1946, after the Second World War, it became a stand-alone religious corporation independent from the Association of Shinto Shrines and its name was changed to 'Fushimi Inari Taisha'.
- 呪術的な要素が仏教に取り入れられた段階で形成されていった初期密教(雑密)は、特に体系化されたものではなく、祭祀宗教であるバラモン教のマントラに影響を受けて各仏尊の真言・陀羅尼を唱えることで現世利益を心願成就するものであった。
- The early stage of Mikkyo, Zo-mitsu (the Mixed Esoteric Buddhism), which was established at the stage when magical elements were incorporated into Buddhism, was not particularly systematized but aimed to gain practical benefits in this world by reciting mantra, Shingon and litany, as well as the spell of each Buddha, being affected by the mantra of Brahmanism, in which religious services were performed.
- 捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員は、麻薬及び向精神薬取締法第五十条の十六第一項の規定にかかわらず、自衛隊病院等の開設者に向精神薬(同法第二条第六号に規定する向精神薬をいう。第百七十六条第一項において同じ。)を譲り渡すことができる。
- Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (1) of Article 50-16 of the Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances Control Act, prisoners of war, medical personnel and chaplains may transfer psychotropic substances (i.e. the psychotropic substances prescribed in paragraph (6) of Article 2 of the same Act. The same shall apply in paragraph (1) of Article 176.) to the establisher of Self-Defense Forces hospitals, etc.
- 数回の選定変更があったが、室町時代の1386年(至徳 (日本)3)には3代将軍の足利義満が相国寺を創建した後に以下のように改め、僧録司制なども定めて住職の任命権などを掌握し、寺社の統制を行い幕府権威に宗教的側面を付加させた。
- Although there were several changes of selection, in 1386 the third Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA determined it as follows after construction of Shokoku-ji Temple, and took over the power of appointing chief priests by the system of Sorokushi (僧録司) and therefore controlled temples, which added a religious aspect to the prestige of the Shogunate.
- 四条天皇から下賜された寺号は「華頂山知恩教院大谷寺」という長いものであるが、この名称は、寺の歴史を説明する時などを除いて通常は使われておらず、法人としての寺院名も「宗教法人知恩院」であることから、本項では「知恩院」と表記する。
- The name 'Kachozan Chion-kyo-in Otani-dera' bestowed upon the temple by Emperor Shijo is long but, except when describing the temple's history, is not ordinarily used and this section uses the name 'Chion-in Temple' derived from the temple's legal name of 'Chion-in Temple Religious Corporation.'
- 医師、歯科医師、薬剤師、医薬品販売業者、助産師、弁護士(外国法事務弁護士を含む。)、弁理士、弁護人、公証人、宗教、祈祷若しくは祭祀の職にある者又はこれらの職にあった者が職務上知り得た事実で黙秘すべきものについて尋問を受ける場合
- Cases where a doctor, dentist, pharmacist, pharmaceuticals distributor, birthing assistant, attorney at law (including a registered foreign lawyer), patent attorney, defense counsel, notary or person engaged in a religious occupation, or a person who was any of these professionals is examined with regard to any fact which they have learnt in the course of their duties and which should be kept secret
- また、青蓮院が属する天台宗の主要寺院が住職の世襲を認めていないのに対し、青蓮院門主の地位を子息に譲ることを強く望んで天台宗教団と鋭く対立し、一時は教団離脱をほのめかして教団に圧力をかけ、ついに世襲を認めさせた事件も起こしている。
- While major temples in the Tendai sect that Shoren-in Temple belongs to do not allow the heredity of the chief priest, he had a fierce conflict with the Tendai sect strongly insisting to give the position of the chief priest of Shoren-in, and he applied pressure implying secession from the sect, finally forcing the sect to allow heredity.
- 祖先の霊を祭る宗教行事だけではなく、国民的な休暇、民族移動の時期としての「お盆」としての側面があり、仏教的生活習慣を意識していない場合にはお盆(旧盆)は単なる夏休みになっているが、全国的に大多数の人が墓参りをするのが恒例である。
- This 'Obon', as well as being a religious event to commemorate the souls of ancestors, has the air of a national holiday, with many people traveling around the country and, for those not aware of Buddhist practices, the Obon around August 15th is just a summer vacation, though most people throughout the country maintain the tradition of visting family graves.
- これに着目した徳川家康は、1602年、本願寺のすぐ東(六条烏丸)の土地を教如に与え、最大の宗教勢力であった本願寺の勢力分散をはかった(自身も三河時代に一向一揆に苦しめられた経験を持っており、本願寺教団の力を大きな脅威と感じていた)。
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA focused attention on this and gave land to the east of Hongwan-ji Temple (Rokujo Karasuma) to Kyonyo in 1602, aiming for the deconcentration of the power of Hongwan-ji Temple, which was the largest religious group (Ieyasu had suffered through the Ikko Ikki when he was a lord of Mikawa Province and felt seriously threatened by the power of Hongwan-ji Temple).
- これにより、当時最大の宗教勢力であった本願寺は、顕如の三男准如(1577年-1630年)を12世宗主とする西(現在の浄土真宗本願寺派、真宗興正派など)と、長男教如を12世宗主とする東(現在の真宗大谷派など)とに分裂することになった。
- By this incident, Hongan-ji Temple, which had the biggest religious influence at the time, was split into West (current Jodo Shinshu Hongan-ji School, Shinshu Kosho School, etc.) with Junnyo (1577-1630), Kennyo's third son, as the 12th head-priest, and East (current Shinshu Otani School, etc.) with Kyonyo, the oldest son, as the 12th head-priest.
- しかし、一般に「君」は琉球の祭祀をつかさどる祝女(ノロ)を意味し、「手摩」は祈祷の際に手をすり合わせることを意味すること、また君手摩を行事として記載する別の史料もあることから、君手摩は神名ではなく、宗教儀式名であると解釈する説もある。
- However, since 'kimi' generally means female priest (Noro) who administers religious rites in Ryukyu, and 'tezuri' means rubbing one's hands at the time of prayer, Kimitezuri is interpreted as a name of a religious ceremony, not as the name of a god in a different theory.
- 1602年、石山退去時の見解の相違等をめぐる教団内部の対立状況が主因となり、これに徳川家康の宗教政策が作用して、顕如の長男である教如(1558年-1614年)が、家康から本願寺のすぐ東の土地(京都七条烏丸)を与えられ東本願寺を構えた。
- In 1602, mainly due to the confrontation in the sect over the difference of views when leaving Ishiyama, and the influence of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's policy on religion, Kyonyo (1558-161), Kennyo's oldest son, was given the nearby land to the east of Hongan-ji Temple (Shichijo-Karasuma, Kyoto City) by Ieyasu, and built Higashi Hongan-ji Temple.
- 北インドの地で生まれた世界宗教としての仏教は、主として東南アジア方面(クメール王朝、シュリーヴィジャヤ王国)に伝播した上座部仏教(南伝仏教)と、西域(中央アジア)を経由して中国から朝鮮半島などへ広がった大乗仏教(北伝仏教)に分かれる。
- Buddhism, which began in northern India as a world religion, is mainly categorized into Theravada Buddhism (Nanden bukkyo [Buddhism that spread from India to Sri Lanka and Southeast Asian countries such as Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia]) which spread in southeast Asia (Khmer Dynasty, Sriwijaya Kingdom), and Mahayana Buddhism (Hokuden bukkyo [Buddhism that spread from India to northern Asia]) which spread to China, the Korean peninsula, and other regions through the western regions of China (Central Asia).
- ヨーロッパにおけるベネディクト派修道院のワインやシャンパン、トラピスト派修道院のビールなどが分かりやすい例であるように、上記とほぼ同じ理由から、宗教勢力が醸造業の最先端を牽引していく時代というものは、さまざまな文明で見出されるのである。
- As seen in the visible examples of wine and champagne made by monasteries of Benedictine Order as well as of beer made by Trappist Monasteries in Europe, many civilizations have a period in which religious power leads the brewing industry for reasons similar to those stated above.
- 明治政府の外交政策にとって、この是正は重要な課題のひとつとなるが、逆に一部の国粋主義者からは居留地の存在が外国の思想や宗教から日本の伝統・文化を守る防壁になっているという見地からの存続論も登場して複雑な論争を招くことになった(内地雑居)。
- While this change was an important policy issue for the Meiji government, complicated disputes arose among some nationalists as to whether the settlements acted as a bulwark protecting Japanese tradition and culture from foreign ideas and religion.
- 現在では社会経済史的視点からの研究や戦国大名武田氏の権力構造の解明、家臣団の個別研究のほか、財政や治水事業、軍事や外交、交通や都市問題、商職人支配や郷村支配、宗教など各分野における実証的研究や民俗学的アプローチなど研究の地平が広っている。
- At present, empirical as well as ethnological studies are being conducted on various themes, including socio-economic history, power structure of the Sengoku daimyo Takeda clan, individual study of vassals, finance, flood prevention projects, military and foreign affairs, urban problem, ruling of merchants/craftsmen, ruling of villages and religion etc.
- 堕落した僧界の現状を恥じる赤裸々な内容が壮絶な同経文は、「我皆相代わって悉く懺悔す、更にまたその報いを受けしめざれ」という贖罪の決意を明らかにした末文も相まって、現在も真言宗各派において宗教家の自覚を促し自戒する経文として広く唱えられる。
- This sutra, with fierce content of naked facts with shame of the situation of corrupt world of priests, combined with the last sentence that clearly stipulates his determination of atonement 'I make every confession in lieu of everyone, and also will suffer for it,' has been wide spread as a awareness-raising and self-reproaching sutra among various sects of Shingon even now
- 重傷病認定基準(抑留されている捕虜、衛生要員又は宗教要員が送還対象重傷病者(第三条約第百十条第一項(1)から(3)までに掲げる者に該当し、かつ、移動に適する状態にあるものをいう。以下同じ。)に該当するかどうかの認定の基準をいう。以下同じ。)
- Criterion for the recognition of serious wounds or sickness (i.e. criteria for recognizing whether prisoners of war, medical personnel, or chaplains in captivity are seriously wounded or sick persons subject to repatriation (who fall under any of item (1) to (3) of paragraph 1 of Article 110 of the Third Convention and are fit to transfer; the same shall apply hereinafter));
- 根本は原始宗教の体を成していても、数千年のなかで日本文化に根ざし、昇華してきため、明治以前からの多くの生業(職業)は、祝詞にもあるように勤しみ(いそしみ)が神聖視され、神社神道の神事とは別に、民間の中に息づく様々な職業儀式としての神事がある。
- Although at base Shinto is a primitive religion, it has existed in Japanese culture for thousands of years and now has very deep roots, becoming sublimated to the point that up until the Meiji period, most professions held as sacred the principle of hard work, just as expressed in the Norito (Shinto prayer), and even apart from the official rituals of Shrine Shinto, there are many work-related ceremonies even today that originally came from Shinto rituals.
- 日本最初の医学雑誌『泰西名医彙講』をはじめ、『外科必読』・『産科簡明』・『和蘭文典』・『八紘通誌』・『水蒸船説略』・『西征紀行』など阮甫の訳述書は99部160冊余りが確認されており、その分野は医学・語学・西洋史・兵学・宗教学と広範囲にわたる。
- It is confirmed that Genpo translated 99 titles (nearly 160 volumes in total) including 'Taisei Meii Iko' (literary, Western medicine), the first medical journal in Japan, 'Geka Hitsudoku' (literary, essentials for surgery), 'Sanka Kanmei' (literary, a brief explanation about obstetrics), 'Oranda Bunten' (literary, grammar of Dutch language), 'Hakko Tsushi' (literary, the overview of world history), 'Suijosen Setsuryaku' (literary, a brief explanation about steamboat), 'Seisei Kiko' (literary, records on the Western world) and his specialty ranged from medical science, language, history of the Western world, to military science and philosophy of religion.
- さらに宗教(神道・仏教・民間信仰)や「道」という概念と渾然一体となって武芸の残心という所作や神事としての縁起などの価値観や心、若しくは占いや神事と遊興が結びついてハレや射幸心(射倖心)といった価値観や心の一端を形成し、日本の文化を担っている。
- It was also related with religion (Shinto, Buddhism, and folk beliefs) and the idea of 'michi' (way), forms a part of the concept of value and heart in the way of military arts such as zan-shin and the engi (writing about history) as in Shinto rituals or in the concept of values and hearts such as hare (noticeably cheerful and formal situations or such places) or shako-shin by a mixture of fortune telling or Shinto rituals and pleasure, and consists of Japanese culture.
- なお、「朱子学は憶測にもとづく虚妄の説にすぎない」と朱子学批判をおこなった荻生徂徠が頃に吉宗に提出した政治改革論『政談』には、徂徠の政治思想が具体的に示されており、これは日本思想史のなかで政治と宗教道徳の分離を推し進める画期的な著作でもあった。
- In addition, around 1726 a political reform theory, 'Discourse on Government' (Seidan) was submitted to Yoshimune by Sorai OGYU, who criticized the doctrines of Zhu Xi, saying that 'the doctrines of Zhu Xi was only a delusional theory based on speculations,' and this book not only demonstrated Sorai's political philosophy concretely but stood out as an epoch-making work in Japanese history of thought which promote the separation of politics from religious morals.
- 近年の欧米で、キリスト教徒として留まったままでキリスト教の枠組みから外れて宗教的探求をする運動があり、ニューエイジと呼ばれているが、それらの人々によって悟りの概念が取り入れられ、イエス・キリストをある種の悟りを得た存在としてとらえる場合もある。
- The West has a contemporary movement in which participants remain Christians but at the same time seek Universal Truth outside the framework of Christianity; the movement is called New Age, and the participants accept the concept of enlightenment and sometimes regard Jesus Christ as the existence who attained a sort of enlightenment.
- ちょうどその頃、上総国菊間から大浜出張所(碧海郡に16ヶ村幡豆郡に5ヶ村、計21ヶ村は、大浜領と呼ばれ、菊間藩の大浜出張所に支配されていた。)に赴任してきた服部純は、明治政府の方針に従い村法の改正や勤王主義教育、神仏分離などの宗教改革を実施した。
- At precisely the same time, Jun HATTORI who was transferred to an Ohama branch office (16 villages in Aomi County, 5 villages in Hazu County, 21 villages in total were called Ohama territory and were controlled by Ohama branch office in Kikuma Domain) from Kikuma, Kazusa Province, implemented the revision of village law, the imperialism education, and the religious transformation such as separation of Buddhism and Shintoism by following the policy of the Meiji Government.
- 捕虜収容所長は、武力攻撃事態において、捕虜収容所に収容されている捕虜、衛生要員又は宗教要員のうち、送還対象重傷病者に該当すると認めるものがあるときは、速やかに、その者に対し、その旨及び送還に同意する場合には送還される旨の通知をしなければならない。
- In armed attack situations, the prisoner of war camp commander shall, when he/she finds any of prisoners of war, medical personnel or chaplains interned in the prisoner of war camp fall to a seriously wounded or sick person subject to repatriation, promptly notify said person of that effect and of that he/she is to be repatriated his/her consent to the repatriation.
- 主に「単立寺院」(仏教)「単立神社」(神道)「単立教会」(キリスト教)というように、何らかの宗派・教派・上位組織に属している事が暗黙に前提される伝統宗教の寺院・神社・教会等に対して、その前提に立たない特例的存在であることを示す際に用いられることが多い。
- Unlike temples, shrines, churches of old-line religions, that are implicitly assumed to be part of some sort of religious schools, sects, and superior organizations, the term Tanritsu, that mainly refers to 'Tanritsu-jiin' (nonsectarian temples) (Buddhism), 'Tanritsu-jinja' (independently incorporated shrines) (Shinto), and 'Tanritsu-kyokai' (non-denominational churches) (Christianity), is in many ways used to show that they are exceptional beings and that they are not assumed to be part of any religious schools, sects or superior organizations.
- なお、混同されやすいが、東京都台東区の東本願寺 (東京都台東区)を本山とする浄土真宗東本願寺派(末寺数 三百数十)は、宗派のあり方をめぐる見解の相違により、1981年に真宗大谷派から離脱・独立したもので、現在、両者は別個の宗教法人である(⇒お東騒動)。
- Additionally, although it is often confused, the Jodo Shinshu sect Higashi-Hongwan-ji-ha of which Head Temple is Higashi Hongwan-ji Temple in Taito Ward, Tokyo (the number of branch temples is 300 and several tens) defected and became independent from the Shinshu sect Otani-ha in 1981, because of the difference in the way of the sect, so currently they are different religious corporations (see 'Ohigashi Turmoil (お東騒動)').
- 頼之は義詮の子で幼少の足利義満を補佐し、半済令の試行や南朝との交渉などの政策を実施するが、旧仏教勢力の比叡山と新興禅宗の南禅寺との対立においては南禅寺派を支持していたため叡山派と対立し、南禅寺の住職春屋妙葩が隠棲して抗議するなど宗教勢力とも対立していた。
- Yoriyuki acted as advisor and regent to Yoshiakira's son Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, who was still a child, and carried out policies like experimenting with a new hansei (half-tax) law, which was designed to protect existing land holdings, and he attempted to negotiate with the Southern Court, but he also became embroiled in a religious conflict between Mt. Hiei, the powerful old Buddhist sect, and Nanzen-ji temple, a center of the rising new Zen sect; he opposed the Mt. Hiei faction because he was supporting the Nanzen-ji faction, yet he also clashed with Nanzen-ji's own powerful religious leaders, for example, when he opposed chief priest Myoha Shunnoku's seclusion from public life.
- 宗教音楽としての本曲は、各地の本曲を収集した黒沢琴古の琴古流本曲、西園流を学び明治期に明暗対山流を興し、明暗教会の再興に尽力した樋口対山(1856年 - 1915年)の系統をはじめ、各地において明治維新後も伝承されたものが現代においても血脈を保っている。
- Honkyoku as religious music continues to be practiced to this today; the following lineages of honkyoku, including those transmitted after Meiji Restoration across the country, has been transmitted as follows; Kinko school honkyoku, which was gathered throughout the country by Kinko KUROSAWA; and that of Taizan HIGUCHI (1856 - 1915), who first learned the Seien school shakuhachi and established Myoan Taizan school, and later made effort to restore Myoan Kyokai (Myoan Church).
- しかしかつて尊皇攘夷運動の活動家であった政府内の保守派は「神道が国教である(神道国教化)以上、異国の宗教を排除するのは当然である」、「キリスト教を解禁しても直ちに欧米が条約改正には応じるとは思えない」とキリスト教への反発を隠さず禁教令撤廃に強硬に反対した。
- Conservatives in the government, however, were once advocates for the revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians movement, and strongly opposed the abolishment of the Ban on Christianity without hiding their hostility to Christianity, saying that 'Shinto is the state religion (to establish Shinto as a state religion), so the religion from other countries should be removed' and that 'Europe and the U.S. are unlikely to immediately agree to revise treaties after lifting the ban on Christianly.'
- しかし、宗教への関心の薄れなどから、大相撲のように「神事や祭礼としての祭りである」ことが忘れられたり、祭祀に伴う賑やかな行事の方のみについて「祭」と認識される場合もあり、元から祭祀と関係なく行われる賑やかな催事、イベントについて「祭」と呼ばれることもある。
- However, due to lessened interest in the religion, 'being a matsuri as a Shinto ritual or rite and festival' is sometimes forgotten like a grand sumo tournament, and only cheerful events associated with rites and festivals are sometimes recognized as 'matsuri,' and therefore, cheerful events which were originally held independently of rites and festivals were called 'matsuri' in some cases.
- この件については事前に滋賀県警察から法要の中止要請がなされていたが、延暦寺側は「これは単なる宗教の行事」として要請を拒絶し、その後、延暦寺内阿弥陀堂において法要式典の中では最高級とされる「特別永代回向」に最高幹部ら100名近い組員が参加し盛大に執り行われた。
- Even though Shiga Prefectural Police requested a stop to the services, Enryaku-ji Temple refused the request, saying that 'this is just a religious service,' after which a 'Special Eitai Eko' was held in Enryaku-ji temple's Amida-do Hall, a grand ceremony attended by nearly 100 gang members, including top executives.
- その思索は禅仏教の「無の境地」を哲学論理化した純粋経験論から、その純粋経験を自覚する事によって自己発展していく自覚論、そして、その自覚など、意識の存在する場としての場の論理論、最終的にその場が宗教的・道徳的に統合される絶対矛盾的自己同一論へと展開していった。
- His thoughts developed from the pure experience theory (which theorized the 'state of nothing') of Zen Buddhism into the self-consciousness theory (one develops himself by recognizing his pure experience), logicalness theory as a field in which consciousness, such as awareness, exists and absolutely paradoxical identity theory (the field is finally integrated religiously and ethically).
- 防衛大臣は、前各項の規定により重傷病認定基準、衛生要員送還基準、宗教要員送還基準、終了時送還基準、宣誓解放送還基準、捕虜交換等送還基準又は移出基準(以下「送還等諸基準」という。)を作成したときは、速やかに、当該送還等諸基準を捕虜収容所長に通知するものとする。
- When the Minister of Defense has prepared criteria for recognition of a serious wound or sickness, repatriation of medical personnel, repatriation of chaplains, repatriation at the end of armed attack, repatriation for release on parole, repatriation in conjunction with an exchange, etc. of prisoners of war or the outgoing transfer (hereinafter referred to as "criteria for repatriation, etc."), he/she shall promptly notify the prisoner of war camp commander of the criteria for repatriation, etc.
- 政府は当初、伝統宗教の権威と地盤を以ってキリスト教防御と維新後の新体制を国民に教導する考えであったが、近代国家の樹立の為には政教分離と信教の自由を国家の基本方針として盛り込むことは避けられず、また西洋諸国との外交関係に於いてキリスト教の禁制解除は不可欠となった。
- At first, the Meiji government intended to keep citizens away from the influence of Christianity and to educate them on the new systems made by the new government renewed after the Meiji Restoration with authority and foundations of the Japanese traditional religion; however, the separation of religion and politics and the freedom of religion were essential policies in order to establish a modernized nation, and the cancellation of a ban on Christianity was indispensable to maintain the diplomatic relationships with Western countries.
- 捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員は、覚せい剤取締法(昭和二十六年法律第二百五十二号)第十七条第三項の規定にかかわらず、自衛隊病院等のうち同法第三条第一項の規定により指定を受けた覚せい剤施用機関(以下「自衛隊覚せい剤施用機関」という。)に覚せい剤を譲り渡すことができる。
- Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (3) of Article 17 of the Stimulant Control Act (Act No.252 of 1951), prisoners of war, medical personnel and chaplains may transfer stimulants to the stimulant dispensing organization (referred to as "Self-Defense Forces stimulant dispensing organization") designated among Self-Defense Forces hospitals, etc. pursuant to the provision of paragraph (1) of Article 3 of the Act.
- 翌1532年年には、管領細川晴元の要請を受けて門徒を動員し、三好元長を敗死に追いやったが、晴元はこれによってかえって本願寺の実力を恐れ、京都の日蓮宗教団や六角定頼と手を結んで、当時の本願寺の本拠地であった山科本願寺を攻撃し、これを焼き討ちにした(天文法華の乱)。
- The following year (1532), he mobilized his followers to subvert Motonaga Miyoshi at the request of Harumoto HOSOKAWA, who held the post of Kanrei (shogunal deputy); however, in fear of the power held by Hongan-ji Temple, Harumoto attacked and burned down Yamashina Hongan-ji Temple, which was home to the Hongan-ji Temple school at that time, in cooperation with the Nichiren sect groups and Sadayori ROKKAKU (this incident is known as the Tenbun-hokke Riot).
- これは、日本古来の民族信仰の基盤の上に、自然風土の中で培われた年中行事や、祭礼などを通じて、多くの日本人が七五三や初詣、あるいは季節の祭りを神社で行い、江戸時代の寺請制度の影響で、葬式や盆などを仏教式で行うなど、複数の宗教にまたがって儀礼に参加しているためである。
- This is because many Japanese people engage in rituals of multiple religions, holding the seven-five-three festival and other seasonal festivals at shrines and visiting shrines at the beginning of the New Year based on annual events and rituals developed in the natural climate from ancient ethnic religions of Japan, and by the influence of the temple guarantee system in the Edo period, holding funerals and bon festivals (a festival of the dead or Buddhist all soul's day) with Buddhist rites.
- 受益者の定めのない信託(学術、技芸、慈善、祭祀、宗教その他公益を目的とするものを除く。)は、別に法律で定める日までの間、当該信託に関する信託事務を適正に処理するに足りる財産的基礎及び人的構成を有する者として政令で定める法人以外の者を受託者としてすることができない。
- Until a date specified separately by law, a trust with no provisions on the beneficiary (excluding trusts to be created for academic activities, art, charity, worship, religion, or any other public interest) may not be created by designating, as the trustee, a person other than a juridical person specified by Cabinet Order as having sufficient financial basis and personnel structure to appropriately administer trust affairs concerning said trust.
- 現在、日本で拳法と名の付く代表的なものには少林寺拳法と日本拳法があり、前者は仏教系新宗教を背景として幅広い層に普及し、後者は大学拳法部を中心にいくつかの団体に分かれて広がってきたが、スポーツ化した一面も持つと言われており、いずれもテレビで技を見せるなどの活動もある。
- Presently in Japan, shorinji kenpo and nihon kenpo are famous - the former has spread among a wide range of people within background of a new religion and the latter has spread among some groups centered on university kenpo teams and turned into a sport in a sense – but both are performing activities such as showing their techniques on TV.
- 実際に日本中世において正統と見なされた宗教は、平安時代以来密教を基軸に統合された顕密の仏教であり、旧仏教八宗は併立していたのではなく、密教に見ることが出来る鎮魂呪術的信仰という共通の基盤の上に密教の絶対的・普遍的真実性を前提とした競合的な秩序を形成していたものである。
- The kenmitsu taisei theory claims that the authentic religion in medieval Japan, in fact, was kenmitsu Buddhism, which had been integrated under the umbrella of Esoteric Buddhism after the Heian period, and eight old Buddhism sects did not co-exist but formed a competitive order built on the absolute and universal truth of Esoteric Buddhism while sharing as the common foundation the characteristics peculiar to Esoteric Buddhism: prayers for peace of souls and ritualistic faith.
- 内容は大きく分けて、天部、歳時部、地部、神祇部、帝王部、官位部、封禄部、政治部、法律部、泉貨部、称量部、外交部、兵事部、武技部、方技部、宗教部、文学部、礼式部、楽舞部、人部、姓名部、産業部、服飾部、飲食部、居処部、器用部、遊戯部、動物部、植物部、金石部の30部門からなる。
- The contents are classified into 30 sections, including sections of Ten (gods of the heavens), Saiji (events throughout the year), Chi (earthy section), Jingi (gods of heaven and earth), Teio (emperors), Kani (official ranks), Horoku (stipend), Seiji (politics), Horitsu (law), Senka (currency), Syoryo (measurement), Gaiko (diplomacy), Heiji (military), Bugi (martial arts), Hougi (technology), Shukyo (religion), Bungaku (literary), Reishiki (code of etiquette), Gaku (dance and music), Jin (personnel), Seimei (surname), Sangyo (industry), Fukushoku (garment), Inshoku (eat and drink), Kyosho (living home), Kiyo (art), Yugi (amusement), Dobutsu (animal), Shokubutsu (plant), and Kanaishi (metal).
- 明治33年(1900年)3月10日、政治結社・政治集会の届出制および解散権の所持、軍人・警察官・宗教者・教員・女性・未成年者・公権剥奪者の政治運動の禁止、労働組合加盟勧誘の制限・同盟罷業(ストライキ)の禁止などを定めた治安警察法を制定し、政治・労働運動などの弾圧を進めた。
- On March 10, 1900, he strengthened the suppression of political activities and labor campaigns by establishing the Security Police Law, which stipulated the political organization and meeting reporting system; the right to break up political organizations or meetings; the prohibition of political activities by military, police, religionists, educators, females, those who were under age and those who were deprived of public rights; the limitation on soliciting for labor unions; and the prohibition of strikes.
- 1613年、幕府は、寺院・僧侶の圧迫および朝廷と宗教界の関係相対化を図って、「勅許紫衣竝に山城大徳寺妙心寺等諸寺入院の法度」(「勅許紫衣法度」「大徳寺妙心寺等諸寺入院法度」)を定め、さらにその2年後には禁中並公家諸法度を定めて、朝廷がみだりに紫衣や上人号を授けることを禁じた。
- In 1613, the bakufu aimed to oppress the temples and monks and balance the relationship between the Imperial Court and the religious groups, decreed 'Chokkyo (imperial sanction) Shie tome and Yamashiro Daitoku-ji Temple Myoshin-ji Temple to Shoji Nyuin Hatto' ('Chokkyo Shie Hatto' and 'Daitoku-ji Temple Myoshin-ji Temple to Shoji Nyuin Hatto') and established the Kinchu Narabini Kuge Shohatto (Various Regulations for the Imperial Court and Court Nobles) 2 years later and prohibited the Imperial Court from easily presenting Shie and Shonin names.
- この他、神職には含まれない職員や、神職見習いである「出仕」や主典、典仕、伶人、神宮などでは事務職員としての参事、主事、録事、主事補や宗教職員として教導司、教学司、技術職員としての技監、技師、その他の職員としての嘱託、警備職員としての衛士、守衛などの職員を置いている神社もある。
- Moreover, some shrines employ non-shinshoku personnel in a variety of categories, for example apprentices to shinshoku, including 'Shusshi,' Shuten, Tenji, and Reijin (gagaku performers), or administrative workers like Sanji, shuji (deputy secretaries), rokuji (clerks) and shujiho (assistant deputy secretaries), or religious employees like kyodoshi and kyogakushi, or workers in engineering such as executive advisory engineers or regular engineers, and finally miscellaneous employees like temporary workers, or security staff working as guards or gate guards.
- 形式上のみとはいえ、太政官よりも上位とされた神祇官に対して、太政官の1機関に格下げられた神祇省は一見すると地位が低下したようにも見受けられるが、実際には大教宣布の理念に基づいた天皇による祭政一致、ひいては神道の国家宗教化を目指す方針のために政府の関与を強めるためのものであった。
- The Department of Divinities had been considered superior, at least pro forma, to the daijokan (the Grand Council of State), and hence by the comparison the Ministry of Divinities may seem to have suffered a demotion given the fact that it was created as one arm of and under the daijokan, but in actuality Japan, under the principles laid out in the Imperial Edict (of 1870) for Establishment of Shinto, had embraced a theocratic form of government (saisei itchi, or 'the unity of church and state') under the Emperor; consequently, the Ministry of Divinities had been created to strengthen the government's ability to participate in religious matters in order to achieve the objective of making Shinto the national religion of Japan.
- また、平成13年施行の廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律およびそれに基づく「廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律施行令」により、風俗慣習上又は宗教上の行事を行うために必要な廃棄物の焼却や、農業、林業又は漁業を営むためにやむを得ないものとして行われる廃棄物の焼却など以外は禁止されている。
- Also, noyaki is prohibited except when burning waste materials is necessary to comply with the manners and customs or to perform an religions event, or when it is imperative in order for the operation of agriculture, forestry or fishery, in accordance with 'the Wastes Disposal and Public Cleansing Act' enforced in 2001 and the enforcement order of 'the Wastes Disposal and Public Cleansing Act.'
- 遺された円如の遺児証如(永正13年(1516年)生まれ、実如死去時10歳)の将来を危惧した実如は蓮淳・蓮悟・実円(三河国本宗寺、実如の4男で現存していた唯一の男子)・蓮慶(蓮綱の嫡子)・顕誓(蓮誉の嫡子)の5人に証如への忠誠と親鸞以来の教義の擁護、既存の政治・宗教勢力との共存を遺言した。
- Worried about the future of Shonyo, a bereaved child of Ennyo (born in 1516, he was 10 when Jitsunyo died), Jitsunyo left the will to instruct five priests, Renjun, Rengo, Jitsuen (at Honso-ji Temple in Mikawa Province; the 4th son of Jitsunyo and the only male child alive), Renkei (Renko's legitimate child), and Kensei (Renyo's legitimate child) to practice loyalty to Shonyo, to protect the doctrine that had been kept since Sinran, and to coexist with the present political and religious powers.
- 神道国教化政策との絡みや、キリスト教を解禁しても直ちに欧米が条約改正には応じないとする懐疑的な姿勢から来る、政府内の保守派の反対のみばかりでなく、宗教界や一般民衆からも「邪宗門」解禁に反対する声が強く紛糾したものの、明治6年(1873年)2月24日禁制の高札を除去し、その旨を各国に通告した。
- The conservatives in the government opposed it because they thought that allowing Christianity could be an obstacle to establishing Shinto as a state religion, and because they doubted Europe and the United States would accept a revision of the unequal treaty immediately even if they lifted the ban on Christianity, but also because the religious world and people opposed it because they considered Christianity as 'Heresy,', but in any case the government lifted the ban on Christianity and announced it to foreign countries on February 24, 1873.
- プロジェクト側の行動を賞賛する意見(男尊女卑を肯定する象徴であり、男女共同参画理念に反する悪習である)もある一方、女人禁制は堅持すべきとする意見(日本に根付いた宗教・伝統文化を継承するものであり、男尊女卑などの差別を推進する意図のものではなく、強行登山は日本文化を冒涜する軽率な愚行である)もある。
- While there is an opinion that 'praises' the activity of the project side (it is a gesture of agreement with male chauvinism and an evil custom that is opposed to the principle of gender equality), there is another opinion that nyonin kinsei should be maintained firmly (it succeeds the religious and traditional culture that is rooted in Japan and does not promote discrimination such as male chauvinism so that the enforcement of mounting climbing is a hasty and foolish action that violates Japanese culture).
- 同宣言には「日本国政府ハ日本国国民ノ間ニ於ケル民主主義的傾向ノ復活強化ニ対スル一切ノ障礙ヲ除去スベシ」「言論、宗教及思想ノ自由並ニ基本的人権ノ尊重ハ確立セラルベシ」等と定められたため、ダグラス・マッカーサー率いる連合国軍最高司令官総司令部(GHQ/SCAP)は、大日本帝国憲法の改正を日本政府に求めた。
- According to the sentences of the declaration, 'the Japanese government shall remove all obstacles to the revival and strengthening of democratic tendencies among the Japanese people' and 'Freedom of speech, of religion, and of thought, as well as respect for the fundamental human rights shall be established,' the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ/SCAP) led by Douglas MACARTHUR demanded modification of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 行政府に相当する組織(執行機関):内局(宗会によって指名され宗教法人真宗大谷派の代表役員を務める宗務総長、及び宗務総長が任命する5名の参務により構成される)、及びそのもとに置かれる宗務所(中央)・教務所(教区ごとに置かれる地方出先機関)・開教監督部(海外の開教区ごとに置かれる出先機関)等の宗務執行機関
- The organization that corresponds to the administrative body (executive body): executive bodies to implement religious activities such as Naikyoku (内局) (consisting of Shumu-socho, who is appointed at Shukai and is a representative director of the Religious Corporation Shinshu sect Otani-ha, and five sanmus (参務) appointed from Shumu-socho), Shumusyo (in the center), Kyomusho (a local branch in each parish, 教務所), and Kaikyo Kantokubu (a branch in each overseas parish, 開教監督部)
- なお、一説によれば、律令制における田租の原点は、神事の遂行のために在地首長(豪族)へ献上されていた初穂であったとされ、在地首長から政治的・宗教的権限を剥奪した朝廷(律令政府)がその初穂を自己に納めさせたものであり、不動穀化はそれを囲い込むことによって在地首長と田租を切り離す目的があったとも言われている。
- In addition, according to a view, the starting point of the rice field tax of the ritsuryo system was the first crop of the season offered to the head of a province (powerful local clan) for doing a shrine ritual; the Imperial court which was based on the ritsuryo system took away the political and religious power from the powerful local clan and ordered the first crop of the season to be offered to the court and it is said that the system of fudokoku was to separate the rice field tax from the heads of local provinces.
- 仏教やその他古代インド宗教の修行者への呼称の1つである阿羅漢(あらかん)はサンスクリット語の Arhat の音写語であるが、その意味は漢訳の「応供」(おうぐ)が示す通り、「供養を受けるにふさわしい人」であるほか、比丘(びく)もサンスクリット語の bhiksu の音写語であり、その意味は「乞う人」である。
- Arakan, which is one of the names for those that practice asceticism in Buddhism and other religions in Ancient India, is a transcription of Arhat in Sanskrit, which means 'a person who deserves to receive a offerings' shown in Chinese translation 'ogu,' and also, biku (Buddhist priest) is a transcription for Sanskrit bhiksu, which means 'begging person.'
- しかしながら内務省 (日本)の反対により政治犯釈放は実現せず、その民主化を阻害する姿勢に対し、GHQから1945年10月4日に「政治的・民事的・宗教的自由に対する制限撤廃の覚書」を突き付けられ、治安維持法・特別高等警察等の廃止、政治犯・思想犯の釈放、自由化・民主化に抵抗する内務省幹部の更迭などを命じられた。
- However, the release of political prisoners was not realized due to the opposition of the Ministry of Interior and then, in opposition to the impediment of democratization, GHQ sent out the 'Memorandum on Removal of the Restrictions on the Political, Civilian and Religious Freedom' on October 4, 1945, in which GHQ ordered the Peace Preservation Law and the Special Higher Police abolished and the officials of the Ministry of Interior who opposed liberalization and democratization dismissed.
- 現在では主要な理由は九州におけるキリスト教の拡大が当時の浄土真宗的な政治・軍事面への変貌を危惧した事と、6月18日 (旧暦)の覚書ではキリシタンも「八宗九宗」(第九条)と規定して体制下の宗教と見なしていたが、19日の追放令ではこれを覆すかのように「邪法を授け」るものとしてキリスト教を厳しく規定しなおしている。
- Nowadays the main reasons could be that the expansion of Christianity in Kyushu was feared to transfigure political and military aspects like Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) of that time, and Christians were also regulated as 'eight schools and nine schools' (Article Nine) and Christianity was regarded as a religion under the regime in the Memorandum on June 18, but was strictly regulated again as though it would 'spread evil belief' like reversing this in the Expelling edict on June 19.
- その背景として国衙や武士による寺社領の横領という問題もあったが、僧侶や神官によって信仰に付随して施設や儀式の維持とそのために必要な所領が相続継承されていく(僧侶の場合は師弟間の継承が神官の子弟間の相続に相当する)うちに私有化され、宗教とは関係のない私的目的に利用されたり、場合によっては勝手に他者に売却される場合もあった。
- The problem of embezzling of jisharyo (holdings of temples and shrines) by kokuga (imperial household officials or an estate manager) or bushi (samurai) was the background of the tendo -- But in some cases, as Buddhist monks and Shinto priests inherited the shoryo, which was necessary for maintenance of the facilities and support of the rituals, accompanying their religious belief (Buddhist monks inherited the shoryo from the master to the disciple, correspondingly to the case of the Shinto priests where they inherited the shoryo from father to children), they began to privatize the shoryo such that they could use the shoryo for private purposes, which had nothing to do with their religious activities, or that they sold the shoryo to the other person at their own discretion in the worst cases.
- 1606年にはミコワイ・ゼブジドフスキをリーダーとしたカトリックとプロテスタントの両派からなる有力貴族たちのグループが、民主主義を廃止して絶対主義を確立しようと画策する国王ジグムント3世とそれを後押しするイエズス会に対して、黄金の自由と宗教的寛容(プロテスタントの権利の保護)の2つを求めて大規模なロコシュを起こした(ゼブジドフスキの乱)。
- In 1606, a group comprising both Catholics and Protestants, which had Mikołaj Zebrzydowski as its leader, formed a grand-scale rokosz against King Sigismund III, who intended to establish a monarchy in place of democracy, and the Society of Jesus, which supported him, appealing for Golden Liberty and religious tolerance (protection of Protestant rights); this is known as the Zebrzydowski's Rebellion.
- これはマーティンが友人宛の手紙で「私の仕事は、この無神論的政府(加筆者注:清朝のこと)をして、神と神の永遠の正義を認めさせることにある。そしておそらく彼らにキリスト教精神のいくらかを与えうるだろう」と書いているように、『万国公法』翻訳における、自然法という形而上学的な規範として国際法を捉える向きはマーティンの宗教的使命感からくる偏向であった。
- This was a bias resulting from Martin's religious sense of mission in which international law was grasped as metaphysical norm like natural law in translating 'Bankoku Koho' as Martin himself wrote in his letter to his friend, 'My job is to make this atheistic government (Qing dynasty [note by the writer]) to recognize God and God's eternal justice. I would be able to give them spirit of Christianity to some extent.'
- 古代イランでは、祖先のフラワシ(Fravaši、ゾロアスター教における聖霊・下級神、この世の森羅万象に宿り、あらゆる自然現象を起こす霊的存在、この「フラワシ」は人間にも宿っており、人間に宿る魂のうち、最も神聖な部分が「フラワシ」なのだと言う、ここから、フラワシ信仰が祖霊信仰と結びついた)すなわち「祖霊」を迎え入れて祀る宗教行事が行われていた。
- In ancient Iran, a religious event was held to invite ancestors' Fravaši (the spirit or lower-class god, or a spiritual existence that resides in everything and causes all natural phenomena: it is said that this Fravaši also resides in human beings and constitutes the most sacred portion, providing a relationship to connect worship of Fravaši with the worship of ancestors' souls), or in other words, ancestors' souls, and to offer them a memorial service.
- 捕虜収容所における捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員(以下この節において「給付対象捕虜等」という。)に対しては、捕虜等抑留給付金として、この節に定めるところにより、基礎的給付金(第三条約第六十条に規定する俸給の前払に相当するものをいう。以下同じ。)及び業務従事報奨金(前節の規定により従事した業務に対応する給付金をいう。以下同じ。)を支給するものとする。
- Prisoners of war, medical personnel and chaplains detained in prisoner of war camp (hereinafter referred to as "prisoners of war, etc. as benefit recipients" in this section) shall be paid, provided by this Section, the basic benefit (i.e. a benefit corresponds to a monthly advances of payment prescribed in Article 60 of the Third Convention. The same shall apply hereinafter) and incentive remuneration for engaging in works (a benefit in accordance with works engaged pursuant to the provision of the preceding Section. The same shall apply hereinafter) as benefits for internment of prisoners of war, etc.
- 捕虜、衛生要員及び宗教要員は、麻薬及び向精神薬取締法(昭和二十八年法律第十四号)第二十四条第一項の規定にかかわらず、自衛隊病院等のうち同法第二条第二十二号に規定する麻薬診療施設(以下「自衛隊麻薬診療施設」という。)の開設者に麻薬(同法第二条第一号に規定する麻薬のうち、同法第十二条第一項及び第二項に規定する麻薬を除いたものをいう。以下同じ。)を譲り渡すことができる。
- Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (1) of Article 24 of the Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances Control Act (Act No.14 of 1953), prisoners of war, medical personnel, and chaplains may assign narcotics (i.e. except narcotics prescribed in paragraphs (1) and (2) of Article 12 of the Act among the narcotics prescribed in paragraph (1) of Article 2 of the Act; the same shall apply hereinafter) to the establisher of a narcotics treatment facility (hereinafter referred to as "Self-Defense Forces narcotics treatment facility") prescribed in item (xxii) of Article 2 of the Act among Self-Defense Forces hospitals, etc.
- アメリカ合衆国での火葬率は、プロテスタント保守派の間で禁忌が強いこともあり20%強にとどまるといわれるものの、一方で、同じキリスト教圏にあるともいえるイギリス、及び同国の影響下にある、あった国々の多くでは、いずれの70%強、ないしこれに準ずるの火葬率を示していることから、火葬と、これを禁忌とする素因を宗教的側面については、一定の留保をもって臨む姿勢が求められるであろう。
- In the United States the cremation rate only reaches a little more than 20%, because there is a strong taboo among the conservative Protestants, but on the other hand, in the United Kingdom, another Christian country, and many of the countries which were or have been under British influence, the rate is around 70% and therefore, looking to religious aspects for reasons against cremation may not necessarily be correct.
- 捕虜収容所長は、捕虜収容所の適正な管理運営を図り、被収容者(抑留令書により捕虜収容所に収容されている捕虜、衛生要員、宗教要員、区別義務違反者、間諜及び傭兵並びに仮収容令書により捕虜収容所に収容されている者(以下「仮収容者」という。)をいう。以下同じ。)の人権を尊重しつつ、被収容者の抑留資格、階級等、性別及び年齢、その属する国における風俗慣習及び生活様式等に応じた適切な処遇を行うものとする。
- The prisoner of war camp commander shall appropriately manage and administrate operations of the prisoner of war camp, and with respecting human right, conduct appropriate treatment of the detainees (i.e. prisoners of war, medical personnel, chaplains, violators of distinct duties, spies and mercenaries who are detained in the prisoners of war camp pursuant to a written internment order and those who are detained in the prisoners of war camp pursuant to a written provisional detention order (hereinafter referred to as "provisional detainee". The same shall apply hereinafter) in accordance with internment status, ranks, etc., sex and age of the detainees, and manners, customs and the way of their life in the countries to which they belong.
- 具体例を挙げると、文化・宗教によって大きく異なるが、排泄物・腐敗物、血・体液・月経・出産、特定または一般の動物・食物、女性・男女間のあらゆる接触ならびに行為(ごくまれに男性、同性間の性関係ならびに行為)・自らの共同体以外の人(他県人・外国人・異民族)やその文化・特定の血筋または身分の人(不可触賎民など)・特定の職業(芸能、金融業、精肉業等)・体の一部(左手を食事に使ってはならない等)などがある。
- Though they may differ depending on the culture and religion, some concrete examples are egested things, rotten things, blood, body fluid, period, child birth, particular or general animals and foods, all contacts and acts between women and between men and women (very rarely, sexual relations and acts between men and people of the same sex,) people outside own community (people of other prefectures, foreigners and different races,) culture, people of particular blood line or rank (scheduled castes,) particular occupations (entertainment, financial and meat industries) and particular parts of a human body (a left had can not be used for eating, etc.)
- 医師、歯科医師、助産師、看護師、弁護士(外国法事務弁護士を含む。)、弁理士、公証人、宗教の職に在る者又はこれらの職に在つた者は、業務上委託を受けたため知り得た事実で他人の秘密に関するものについては、証言を拒むことができる。但し、本人が承諾した場合、証言の拒絶が被告人のためのみにする権利の濫用と認められる場合(被告人が本人である場合を除く。)その他裁判所の規則で定める事由がある場合は、この限りでない。
- A physician, dentist, midwife, nurse, attorney (including a foreign lawyer registered in Japan), patent attorney, notary public or a person engaged in a religious occupation, or any other person who was formerly engaged in any of these professions may refuse to give testimony on matters pertaining to the confidential information of others which he/she came to know through entrusted professional conduct; provided, however, that this shall not apply when the person in question has given consent, when the refusal is deemed to be an abuse of rights wholly for the interests of the accused (unless the person is the accused), or where there exist other circumstances provided for by the Rules of Court.
- 医師、歯科医師、助産師、看護師、弁護士(外国法事務弁護士を含む。)、弁理士、公証人、宗教の職に在る者又はこれらの職に在つた者は、業務上委託を受けたため、保管し、又は所持する物で他人の秘密に関するものについては、押収を拒むことができる。但し、本人が承諾した場合、押収の拒絶が被告人のためのみにする権利の濫用と認められる場合(被告人が本人である場合を除く。)その他裁判所の規則で定める事由がある場合は、この限りでない。
- A physician, dentist, midwife, nurse, attorney (including a foreign lawyer registered in Japan), patent attorney, notary public or a person engaged in a religious occupation, or any other person who was formerly engaged in any of these professions, may refuse the seizure of articles containing the confidential information of others which he/she has been entrusted with and retains or possesses in the course of his/her duties; provided, however, that this shall not apply when the person in question has given consent, when the refusal is deemed to be an abuse of rights wholly for the interests of the accused (unless the person is the accused), or where there exist other circumstances provided for by the Rules of Court.