姿勢: 590 Terms and Phrases

• 姿勢
• attitude
• posture
• stance
• approach
• carriage (of the body)
• postural
• position
• bearing
• profile
• Human positions
• body posture

• 低姿勢
• low profile

• 姿勢角
• posture angle

• 高姿勢
• high profile
• aggressive attitude

• 交渉姿勢
• negotiating posture
• attitude to negotiations
• negotiating behaviour

• 基準姿勢
• alignment pose

• 対決姿勢
• confrontational attitude (stance, posture)

• 姿勢公差
• orientation tolerance

• 姿勢反射
• postural reflex

• 政治姿勢
• political stance

• 前傾姿勢
• forward-bent posture

• 星姿勢計
• star tracker

• 姿勢制御
• posture control
• attitude control
• Flight dynamics (spacecraft)

• 姿勢認識
• posture recognition

• 治療姿勢
• operating posture

• 姿勢決定
• attitude determination

• 姿勢偏差
• orientational deviations

• 特異姿勢
• singular configuration

• 強制姿勢
• forced posture

• 溶接姿勢
• welding position

• 立ち姿勢
• standing posture

• 静的姿勢
• static posture

• 立位姿勢
• stand posture
• standing work position

• 座位姿勢
• seated position
• sitting position
• sitting positions
• sitting postures

• 中腰姿勢
• kneeling work position

• 中位姿勢
• neutral posture

• 姿勢変化
• postural change

• 姿勢変換
• posture variation

• 除脳姿勢
• decerebrate posturing

• 姿勢異常
• abnormal posture

• 異常姿勢
• abnormal posture

• 動的姿勢
• dynamic posture

• 直立姿勢
• standing posture
• upright posture

• 姿勢訓練
• postural exercises

• 政治的姿勢
• political posturing

• 姿勢センサ
• attitude sensor

• 姿勢指示器
• attitude indicator

• 姿勢を正す
• to straighten oneself

• 姿勢図検査
• posturography

• くの字姿勢
• angulation

• 姿勢検出器
• attitude sensor

• 姿勢保持部
• position retaining portion

• 健全な姿勢
• wholesome attitude

• 低姿勢となる
• plunk in one's horns
• shrink in one's horns

• 高姿勢をとる
• take a high-handed attitude

• 水平姿勢制御
• leveling control
• leveling attitude control

• 揺動姿勢制御
• rocking attitude control

• 垂直な姿勢で
• erect in posture

• ひざつき姿勢
• stopping work position

• しゃがみ姿勢
• squatting working position

• 設計基準姿勢
• design reference posture

• 姿勢動揺検査
• posturography

• 姿勢バランス
• postural balance

• 不自然な姿勢
• posturing

• 特異姿勢回避
• singularity avoidance

• 反射抑制姿勢
• reflex inhibiting posture

• 不安定な姿勢
• an unfirm stance

• 前向きな姿勢
• a positive attitude

• ジストニー姿勢
• dystonic posture

• ジストニア姿勢
• dystonic posture

• 清朝の交戦姿勢
• The attitude of the Qing dynasty toward war

• 柔軟姿勢を取る
• take a soft line

• 姿勢・軌道制御
• attitude and orbit control

• ある姿勢に保つ
• carry

• 気をつけの姿勢
• attention

• 演劇公演の姿勢
• a theatrical pose

• 高慢ちきな姿勢で
• with one's nose in the air

• スラスタ姿勢制御
• attitude control by thruster

• 磁気姿勢制御方式
• magnetic attitude control system

• 全姿勢（溶接の）
• all position (welding)

• 姿勢や呼吸の重視
• There is an emphasis on attitude and breathing.

• 性交のための姿勢
• a position for sexual intercourse

• 自身の姿勢を正す
• straighten oneself

• 固定姿勢保持困難
• asterixis

• 姿勢制御システム
• Reaction control system

• 広い政治的な姿勢
• a broad political stance

• うまく防御する姿勢
• a successful defensive stand

• 直立した姿勢で泳ぐ
• swim in upright position

• 無理のない作業姿勢
• neutral working posture
• relaxed working posture

• 姿勢および軌道制御
• attitude and orbit control

• 姿勢を正しなさい。
• Sit up straight.

• 堅苦しい不動の姿勢で
• stiff as a board
• stiff as a poker
• stiff as a ramrod
• straight as ramrod

• 猫背の姿勢をとること
• the act of bending yourself into a humped position

• 突然、直立姿勢を失う
• lose an upright position suddenly

• 飛行姿勢で翼を広げて
• with wings extended in a flying position

• 長時間の静的座位姿勢
• prolonged static sitting posture

• 慣性姿勢制御システム
• inertial attitude control system

• その姿勢に沿った棺桶
• a coffin along with its stand

• 垂れている姿勢の誰か
• someone with a drooping carriage

• よい姿勢で立っていた
• stood with good posture

• 三次元位置・姿勢センサ
• three dimensional position
• orientation sensor

• じょう乱トルク(姿勢)
• disturbance torque

• 外側にひっくり返る姿勢
• the position of being turned outward

• 両脚を組んで座った姿勢
• a sitting position with the legs crossed

• 軌道姿勢･運動システム
• orbital attitude and maneuvering system

• まっすぐな姿勢で座り直す
• change to an upright sitting position

• 前向きの姿勢で、建設的に
• in a constructive manner

• 垂直の姿勢から外れる行為
• the act of deviating from a vertical position

• 移動ロボットの位置・姿勢
• mobile robot positioning

• ひざまずいている姿勢の人
• a person in a kneeling position

• 弱みに付け込む無情な姿勢
• bowelless readiness to take advantage

• 快適な座った姿勢で落ち着く
• settle into a comfortable sitting position

• 立った姿勢を必要とするさま
• requiring a standing position

• 軍は気をつけの姿勢で立った
• the troops stood at attention

• 彼は楽な姿勢で横になった。
• He lay down in a comfortable position.

• ～に対して断固たる姿勢で臨む
• definitely take strong action against

• もたれる姿勢（ベッドなどで）
• a reclining position (as in a bed)

• 手足を伸ばしただらしない姿勢
• an ungainly posture with arms and legs spread about

• 位置または姿勢において直立の
• upright in position or posture

• 見解、一般的な姿勢、または傾向
• a point of view or general attitude or inclination

• 垂直の姿勢を維持する際に重要な
• important in maintaining erect posture

• 帝国の利益を主張する政治的姿勢
• a political orientation that advocates imperial interests

• 快適な休息する姿勢でよりかかる
• lean in a comfortable resting position

• 積極的な政策に賛成する政治姿勢
• any political orientation favoring aggressive policies

• 重視していた姿勢が見て取れる。
• It showed that he valued the Sofuku-ji Temple.

• 聴衆は謹聴の姿勢で立っていた。
• The listeners stood in an attentive attitude.

• 条約交渉における日本側の基本姿勢
• The basic attitude of Japan at the treaty negotiations

• 彼がその基本姿勢を内外に示した。
• He showed the basic stance at home and abroad.

• 腟または直腸検査用の姿勢をとった
• assumed for vaginal or rectal examination

• うつむいている足取りまたは姿勢で
• with a slouching gait or posture

• 哲学者の姿勢により特徴づけられる
• characterized by the attitude of a philosopher

• 仕草や姿勢において優雅さを欠いた
• lacking grace in movement or posture

• 垂れている姿勢または身構えをとる
• assume a drooping posture or carriage

• 彼はまっすぐな姿勢で立っていた。
• He stood in an upright position.

• 立っている姿勢からの突然倒れること
• a sudden drop from an upright position

• 姿勢がまっすぐ立っているという特質
• the property of being upright in posture

• 直立した永続的な姿勢に関係するさま
• pertaining to an upright standing posture

• 静かな勢力と印象の薄い姿勢で動いた
• moved with quiet force and undramatic bearing

• 位置または姿勢において直立していない
• not upright in position or posture

• 立った姿勢からマットの位置に来ている
• being brought to the mat from a standing position

• 直立姿勢に戻す、またはそのようにする
• put in or restore to an upright position

• （写真や肖像画で）ある姿勢をとる行為
• the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

• 座った姿勢をとったり保ったりする行為
• the act of assuming or maintaining a seated position

• 溶接姿勢−傾斜角及び回転角による定義
• Welding position defined by means of angles of slope and rotation

• 直立した姿勢をとるまたは維持する行為
• the act of assuming or maintaining an erect upright position

• その兵隊は気をつけの姿勢で立っていた
• the soldiers stood at attention

• 朝廷離れの姿勢を示したものではない。
• He did not show an attitude to separate from the Imperial Court.

• 航空機の姿勢をひんぱんに変更する飛行
• Flight involving frequent changes in aircraft attitude

• 畠山政尚を奉じて信長と争う姿勢を示す。
• They showed their intention to fight against Nobunaga under Masanao HATAKEYAMA.

• 正しい姿勢で座ること、およびその座り方
• The act of sitting in the right posture as well as the sitting position itself.

• 航空機が方向を変える時の、飛行中の姿勢
• attitude of an aircraft in flight when allowed to take its own orientation

• その人の価値観や姿勢を反映する生活様式
• a manner of living that reflects the person's values and attitudes

• 体の動きや姿勢でコミュニケートすること
• communication via the movements or attitudes of the body

• ボクシングやフェンシングでの防衛の姿勢
• a posture of defence in boxing or fencing

• 芸に対しても真摯な姿勢を崩さなかった。
• He always had a sincere attitude toward his performances.

• 特に海軍に対し、協力的な姿勢を示した。
• He displayed a cooperative stance, particularly toward the navy.

• 朝鮮側は厳しい「禁圧」の姿勢を取った。
• It was strictly 'banned' by Korea.

• 持氏は大敗して剃髪、恭順の姿勢を示した。
• Badly defeated, Mochiuji took the tonsure and adopted a deferential attitude.

• 株式を買い占めて会社乗っ取りの姿勢を見せ
• greenmail

• 罰としてお尻をたたく時の｢姿勢をとれ!｣
• assume the position.

• 兵士はややもたついて直立の姿勢をとった。
• The soldier was a little slower in coming to attention.

• 寄りかかる姿勢をとったり保ったりする行為
• the act of assuming or maintaining a reclining position

• しゃがんだ姿勢をとったり保ったりする行為
• the act of assuming or maintaining a crouching position with the knees bent and the buttocks near the heels

• 形または姿勢において剛性を欠いているさま
• lacking stiffness in form or posture

• 座る方法または姿勢（ヨガの実践のように）
• a posture or manner of sitting (as in the practice of yoga)

• 腕を両側におき、足を揃える不動の直立姿勢
• a motionless erect stance with arms at the sides and feet together

• 幾分、彼の姿勢において卑怯で、卑劣な何か
• something cowardly and ignoble in his attitude

• これにより朝鮮側の対日姿勢がやや軟化した。
• In line with their insistence, the attitude of Korea against Japan softened slightly.

• 山田議員の政治への姿勢には頭が下がります。
• I feel compelled to tip my hat at Mr. Yamada's political attitude.

• 動きと姿勢が不格好で優雅でない、身のこなし
• the carriage of someone whose movements and posture are ungainly or inelegant

• 寺院や僧尼に対する保護の姿勢が貫かれている。
• It was steeped with protective attitudes towards religious institutions, priests and nuns.

• ひざを曲げ、腿を開いて、仰向けに横たわる姿勢
• a position lying on your back with knees bent and thighs apart

• 将来において、人生の意味が追い求められる姿勢
• the position that the meaning of life should be sought in the future

• 製図−姿勢及び位置の公差表示方式−突出公差域
• Technical drawings−Tolerancing of orientation and location−Projected tolerance zone

• 彼は、肩をぴんと張って気を付けの姿勢になった
• he stood to attention with his shoulders braced

• 姿勢の、姿勢に関する、または、姿勢にかかわる
• of or relating to or involving posture

• 写真的または芸術的な目的のためモデルが取る姿勢
• a posture assumed by models for photographic or artistic purposes

• 若い従卒は怯え、身を引いて直立の姿勢をとった。
• The young man winced and drew back at attention.

• 体をねじって無理な姿勢を取ることができる軽業師
• an acrobat able to twist into unusual positions

• 食卓の上に身をかがめないで、姿勢を正しなさい。
• Don't bend over the table. Sit up straight.

• 姿勢、呼吸、心をととのえる（調身、調息、調心）。
• Harmonize posture, breathing and mind. (choshin, chosoku, choshin respectively)

• 文法の正しさにこだわることは、保守的な姿勢である
• insistence on grammatical correctness is a conservative position

• 一方で仕事に関する非妥協的な姿勢は徹底していた。
• On the other hand, he held on to the attitude of doing a good job, without compromise.

• 慶応3年（1867年）、政治姿勢を攘夷論に転換。
• In 1867, he changed his political attitude and supported the principle of excluding foreigners.

• 彼が画家であったならあの姿勢の彼女を描くだろう。
• If he were a painter he would paint her in that attitude.

• 彼が最大限の努力をしている姿勢を子供たちに見せる。
• He shows children how hard he tries.

• 若い従卒は直立の姿勢で、動じず、静かに立っていた。
• The young man stood at attention, unmoving, shut off.

• そのままの姿勢で、彼はふとベッドの下に目を向けた。
• While in that position he happened to glance under the bed.

• 動作や姿勢が極度にぎこちなく、やぼな人の身のこなし
• the carriage of someone whose movements and posture are extremely ungainly and inelegant

• こうした頼経の姿勢は幕府による追及を免れなかった。
• Such a political stance of Yoritsune made the probe by the bakufu inescapable.

• 静止した姿勢から行うバスケットボールの両手のシュート
• a two-handed basketball shot from a stationary position

• 直立姿勢から両手が床に着くまで胴体を後ろに曲げる軽業
• an acrobatic feat in which the trunk is bent backward from a standing position until the hands touch the floor

• 先生は直立不動の姿勢をとり、一言もしゃべらなかった。
• The doctor stopped outright, although he did not speak,

• 有権者の一般的な姿勢に対する行動に重要な役割を果たす
• key one's actions to the voters' prevailing attitude

• デ・レーケの勤勉な姿勢に、大変、可愛がったとされる。
• J. Lebret was impressed with Johannis de Rijke's industriousness, and devoted a lot of attention to him.

• 信長の朝廷に対する姿勢を考える上で重要な問題である。
• This is an important issue from the viewpoint of Nobunaga's attitude towards the Imperial Court.

• 巻頭で記紀を読み解く場合の基本的姿勢を開陳している。
• In the beginning of the books, Hokusai elucidates his basic attitude toward studying the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan).

• 直立姿勢から倒立に移り、また元の姿勢に戻るような軽業
• an acrobatic feat in which a person goes from a standing position to a handstand and back again

• 羽柴秀吉も、寺社に対する姿勢は信長の態度を受け継いだ。
• Hideyoshi HASHIBA succeeded Nobunaga's attitude against temples and shrines.

• 体や体の一部の姿勢、位置、方向、そして動きを感じる能力
• the ability to sense the position and location and orientation and movement of the body and its parts

• 重厚な装甲とたくさんの棘を持つ恐竜で、半直立姿勢をとる
• heavily armored and highly spiked dinosaur with semi-upright posture

• 北京の陥落後しばらくして、清朝の姿勢は180度転換した。
• After the fall of Beijing, the attitude of the Qing Dynasty did an about-face.

• 宮内庁側近の話によると「慎重で真面目な運転姿勢」らしい。
• According to an aide in the Imperial Household Agency, 'his driving is careful and serious.'

• ダンサーが片脚を後ろに上げ、両腕を伝統的な形で広げる姿勢
• position in which the dancer has one leg raised behind and arms outstretched in a conventional pose

• 安楽椅子の肘かけでくつろいだ姿勢をとった―JSペレルマン
• adopted a degage pose on the arm of the easy chair- J.S.Perelman

• しかし、法典調査会では、反対論を受け容れる姿勢を示した。
• However, he was tolerated towards the opposite views proposed in the Investigation Committee of Codes.

• だから必要と感じる知識は自分で調べるという姿勢が必要だ。
• So it is essential that you take the attitude of looking up yourself the information you feel necessary.

• 拝（直立姿勢から身体を90度折り曲げる礼）を二度おこなう
• Bow twice (bow the straight body from the waist at 90 degrees.)

• このような日本側の姿勢は「てんびん棒帝国主義」と評された。
• This attitude of Japan was described as 'Balanced Imperialism.'

• しかしながらこの姿勢は一方で、皇道派将校の反感をも招いた。
• However, on the other hand, this attitude invited antagonism with the officers of Imperial Way Party.

• また個別のテーマに対する論者の姿勢も一人一人異なっていた。
• In addition, the stance of each writer against a specific theme was different.

• 開国を国是とし条約体制に積極的に参加する姿勢を打ち出した。
• Opening the country was put as a national policy and the government showed attitude to aim revisions of the unequal treaties.

• 外見上の目立った違いは爪の形および楽器を構える姿勢である。
• Conspicuous differences in outward appearance are the shape of the pick and players' position against the instrument.

• 著者の姿勢と前提を明らかにする何（行為または文書）かの品質
• the quality of something (an act or a piece of writing) that reveals the attitudes and presuppositions of the author

• 社会は、個人のエリート集団により支配されるべきだとする姿勢
• the attitude that society should be governed by an elite group of individuals

• モーガンがひざまづいている姿勢から飛び上がりながら叫んだ。
• cried Morgan, springing on his knees.

• 白鳥はすくっと姿勢をただし、朝日にむかって飛んでいきます。
• the swan rose strengthened, and flew towards the rising sun,

• また、息子・藤房も天皇の政治姿勢を批判して隠遁してしまう。
• His son, Fujifusa, also was forced to retire for criticizing the system of rule by the Emperor.

• その後、信長妹婿　浅井長政信長に離反し敵対の姿勢を見せる。
• Thereafter, Nagamasa ASAI, Nobunaga's brother-in-law, betrayed Nobunaga and began moving against him.

• 彼女は同じ姿勢で、周りの話には気づいていないように見えた。
• She was in the same attitude and seemed unaware of the talk about her.

• 成虫の頭部が下を向いた姿勢と呼吸管のない幼虫により区別される
• distinguished by the adult's head-downward stance and absence of breathing tubes in the larvae

• （立っている人について）直立した姿勢での人や動物の自然な高さ
• (of a standing person) the distance from head to foot

• 椅子に座っているように尻と腰を沈め、座った姿勢で入浴する浴槽
• a bathtub in which your buttocks and hips are immersed as if you were sitting in a chair and you bathe in a sitting position

• 不正行為で訴えられることへの恐怖は、医師の防御姿勢を拡大した
• the fear of being sued for malpractice has magnified physicians' defensiveness

• なのに、姿勢を変えることも、椅子を引くこともしていなかった。
• Yet they had not changed their position or pushed back their chairs.

• 西欧諸国はこの問題に対する日本の姿勢を激しく非難しています。
• Western countries are jumping on Japan for its stance on the issue.

• また代宗の強硬姿勢を見た他藩鎮は自らの地位を失うことを恐れた。
• In addition, rest of the hanchin who saw Daizong's unyielding attitude became afraid of losing their own positions.

• 同時に教団を維持するための守りの姿勢を固める重要性も出てきた。
• At the same time, he felt the necessity to take a defensive action to protect the religious community.

• 親鸞の家族に対する厳しい姿勢から思いを深くした、と語っている。
• Shinjo said that he realized what a strict stance Shinran had toward his family.

• 膝に負担がかかるので、足腰に持病を持つ人にはつらい姿勢である。
• Also, because this style puts pressure on the knees, it is a painful position for people who have problems with their legs and backs.

• 自民党の姿勢や政策の打ち出し方にも問題がなかったとはいえない。
• The LDP might be blamed for its attitude and its way of working out its policy.

• アスカムはゆっくり楽しもうと、楽な姿勢になってすわりなおした。
• Ascham settled himself comfortably in his chair, prepared for enjoyment.

• あまりに長く１つの姿勢で座っていた為に彼の筋肉はずきずきした。
• His muscles ached from sitting too long in one position.

• そのため、管領細川政元らは、この動きに対して静観の姿勢を取った。
• For that reason, the Shogunal Deputy Masamoto HOSOKAWA and others remained a silent observer of the movement in Yamashiro Province.

• 石室は大人2人がかがんだ姿勢でようやく入れる程度の広さしかない。
• The stone chamber is so small that only two adults can barely enter it with their heads bent low.

• これは、これから観光、保養温泉として売っていく姿勢の表れである。
• This shows their new direction as a hot springs resort for tourism and recreation.

• 立ちあがった男の姿勢それ自体が、犬の頭に疑惑の網をはりはじめた。
• His erect position in itself started to drive the webs of suspicion from the dog's mind;

• 以上をまとめると日本側の交渉の基本姿勢は、以下の二点に集約される。
• Japan's basic attitude towards negotiations was based on a combination of these two points.

• ゴルフボールを打つために準備の段階でゴルファーによってとられる姿勢
• the stance assumed by a golfer in preparation for hitting a golf ball

• 別の実体または方針または姿勢から分離する、あるいは、分離を主張する
• having separated or advocating separation from another entity or policy or attitude

• 知康は院御所の法住寺殿に兵を集めて、公然と義仲に対決姿勢を示した。
• Tomoyasu raised an army at Hojuji-dono Palace, which was the palace of the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, and openly confronted Yoshinaka.

• 次男のフレッド・ヘンリーは、姿勢の良い、身綺麗な、隙のない男だった。
• Fred Henry, the second brother, was erect, clean-limbed, alert.

• また研究姿勢に対しては類推的とか、進化主義的であるとかの批判もされる。
• The approach to the study is sometimes criticized to be analogical or evolutional.

• このことは、朝鮮は清の冊封国であるという姿勢の清を牽制する意味もあった。
• This was also meant to act as a restraint on the Qing, who acted according to the principle that Korea was a Qing vassal state.

• しかし籠城を成功させた最も大きな理由は、清朝の不徹底な交戦姿勢にあった。
• The greatest cause of the siege's success was the Qing dynasty's inconsistent attitude toward war.

• さらに関白藤原基実に娘の盛子を嫁入れし、摂関家にも接近する姿勢をとった。
• He further married his daughter Moriko to the Imperial Regent FUJIWARA no Motozane and tried to keep a close relationship with the line of regents and advisers.

• このような久政の弱腰な外交姿勢に家臣たちの間に不満が募っていくのだった。
• Such a week-kneed diplomacy of Hisamasa fermented dissatisfaction among his retainers.

• 彼女の姿勢や表情をいっぱい撮影しようと、飽くなき努力を費やしていたんだ。
• with which I never wearied of photographing her in all manner of attitudes,

• 曲芸師がうつ伏せの姿勢から背中をそらし、爪先が頭につくまでひざを曲げる業
• a feat in which an acrobat arches the back from a prone position and bends the knees until the toes touch the head

• 逆に上田秋成が貞幹を擁護して宣長の姿勢を非難するなど激しい論争を招いた。
• In contrast, Akinari UEDA criticized Norinaga's stance in support of Teikan, and Teikan's book eventually caused heated arguments among scholars.

• 彼女の姿勢にはまるで彼女が何かの象徴であるかのような優雅と神秘があった。
• There was grace and mystery in her attitude as if she were a symbol of something.

• ぼくから眺められているのに気づいたギャツビーはほんのすこし姿勢を変えた。
• As I watched him he adjusted himself a little, visibly.

• この点での彼の姿勢はその年の男にしては不思議なほど開放的だと僕は感じた。
• His attitude on this point struck me as strangely liberal in a man of his age.

• 各像のダイナミックな姿勢と12体の個性を彫り分けた群像表現が見所である。
• A celebrated aspect is the dynamic posture of each statue and the varied expressions of the twelve statues.

• 熊が眠ったり横になるとき、その姿勢は熱を逃したいのか保ちたいのかによる。
• When bears sleep or lie down, their postures depend on whether they want to get rid of heat or conserve it.

• 主に江戸幕府初期の、徳川家康から徳川家光までが行った政治姿勢のことを指す。
• It usually refers to a government ruled by shogun from Ieyasu TOKUGAWA to Iemitsu TOKUGAWA in the early Edo period.

• が、アメリカ式で食べていれば、幾分は犬食い姿勢が解消できたのかもしれない。
• However, if they eat in American style, Inugui posture might be improved in some degree.

• 前方の肩と足が意図された衝突点のより近くにあるように、体の立ち姿勢を変える
• change one's body stance so that the forward shoulder and foot are closer to the intended point of impact

• 自分の傍の板鋪の上に琵琶を置き、入禅の姿勢をとり、じっと静かにしていた――
• He laid his biwa on the planking beside him, and, assuming the attitude of meditation, remained quite still,--

• 15世紀末、こうした事態に耐えかねた朝鮮王朝は恒居倭に対し強硬姿勢に転ずる。
• At the end of the fifteenth century, since the Korean Dynasty became tired of the situation, they changed their policy and started to take a harder stance towards kokyowa.

• 朝鮮側の姿勢を少しでも和らげようと花房が持ち出したのが『万国公法』であった。
• Hanabusa was trying to persuade the Korean side and introduced 'Bankoku Koho.'

• 国家への犠牲的精神とともに他国への排外的な姿勢を含んだ語として、用いられた。
• It was used as a term suggesting a sacrificial spirit for the nation as well as an anti-foreign attitude.

• そしていまだに歩く時にはかたくなに、その学校独特の前かがみの姿勢なのでした。
• and he still adhered in his walk to the school's distinguished slouch.

• やがて姿勢をもどすと、上を見上げて、チチェスターの司教の詩を口ずさみました。
• At length, erecting his frame, he looked upwards, and ejaculated the lines of the Bishop of Chichester :

• かれはぼくの先を、いつもと同じきびきびした突っかかるような姿勢で歩いていた。
• He was walking ahead of me along Fifth Avenue in his alert, aggressive way,

• この常ならぬ姿勢はふたたび疑惑を湧き起こさせ、動物はつんとして男を遠ざけた。
• This unusual posture again excited suspicion, and the animal sidled mincingly away.

• 裁判所が未成年の犯罪者に対してとる姿勢は成人の犯罪者に対する姿勢とは異なる。
• The attitude of the court toward young criminals is different from its attitude toward adult criminals.

• 日清間で数年前に起きた台湾出兵の時の日本側の交渉姿勢が念頭にあったためである。
• That was because the Koreans were mindful of the attitude of Japan during the negotiation of the Taiwan expedition which had occurred between Japan and Ching several years before.

• 来日については交渉の妨げになるようであれば、削除もやむなしという姿勢であった。
• If the part concerning coming to Japan interfered with negotiations, Japan were prepared to delete it.

• 総務長官は台湾総督の姿勢を輔弼すると共に、台湾総督府の各政策の実務を担当した。
• The Chief of Home Affairs assisted the Governor-General and was responsible for the actual implementation of each policy formulated by the Sotoku-fu.

• つまり露骨な将軍を傀儡とした信長による独裁を行なおうという姿勢が示されていた。
• That is to say, the Article openly showed Nobunaga's intention of establishing despotism by using the shogun as his puppet.

• 民党は「民力休養・政費節減」を掲げて、超然主義を唱える政府と対決姿勢を示した。
• With the slogan 'Recovery of the National Power and Reduction of the Administrative Expenditure,' Minto showed a strong attitude toward the government which advocated the doctrine of detachment.

• 社会的には、杜氏をあらわす語は、その杜氏の持つ酒造りの姿勢によって多様である。
• From a social point of view, a term representing a toji varies depending on that toji's attitude toward sake brewing.

• 少したつと、僕はとても大胆になって、漕ぐのをためしてみようと座る姿勢をとった。
• I began after a little to grow very bold and sat up to try my skill at paddling.

• 清盛は天皇の皇居に武士を宿直させて警護することで、二条支持の姿勢を明確にした。
• By making warriors stay and keep night watch at the Imperial Palace, Kiyomori showed his clear support for Nijo.

• なお、1枚の写真には右肩を負傷したために姿勢が若干傾いていると伝えられている。
• It is said that in one of the pictures he leaned a little bit because his right shoulder had been injured.

• 3ヶ国の強硬姿勢が翻心することはないのではないかと判断した阿部、松前の両老中。
• The two roju, Abe and Matsudaira, judged that they would not change their hard-line policy.

• 清朝から西欧列強の情報を得ていた大院君は、断固として鎖国を維持する姿勢を貫いた。
• Daewongun had already received information on the powerful countries of Western Europe from the Qing dynasty, so he firmly maintained the policy of national isolation.

• 坐禅（ざぜん）とは、姿勢を正して坐った状態で精神統一を行う、禅の基本的な修行法。
• Zazen (meditation) is a fundamental method of training in Zen Buddhism, in which one meditates sitting with correct posture.

• 仏教（特に日蓮系の宗派）における布教姿勢の一つで、摂受（しょうじゅ）に対する語。
• It is one of the approaches of propagation by Buddhism (especially Nichiren-related religious schools), and is a word as opposed to shoju (a method of expounding Buddhism in which one gradually leads another to the correct teaching according to that person's capacity and without refuting his or her attachment to mistaken views).

• 同標的で十匁玉筒（10匁の重さの弾を使用する銃）を使用する「侍筒」（自由姿勢）。
• With the same target, a ten monme bullet tube (gun using a bullet with the weight of ten monme) is used for 'samurai barrel' (free style).

• 私はその彎曲した姿勢の、頬髭の白い姿が、群集の中から遠ざかってゆくのを見守った。
• With a snarl of contempt he turned upon his heel, and I saw his curved back and white side-whiskers disappear among the throng.

• 起立する姿勢は伝統的に「復活の生命に与って立つ」ことを象徴するとされるからである。
• It is because a standing position is traditionally considered to represent 'Resurrected life is given and stands up.'

• こうした一貫とした姿勢が人々の信奉を集め、左右を問わず多くの人々から尊敬を集めた。
• His consistent attitude for avoiding positions of power gained public acceptance and he was trusted by both the right and left wing political community.

• 特に後者の実証主義的な姿勢は古典研究を高い学問水準に高めた事で高く評価されている。
• In particular, the tendency towards positivism seen in Keichu's work was greatly praised for raising the academic standards of research into the Classics.

• いずれにせよ、こうした民衆の姿勢がその後の軍部躍進の一助となった可能性はあるだろう。
• Anyway, it was likely true that such people's thought later helped the Japanese army's surge.

• 本の「凡例」には参照したギリシャ史の書名を挙げ、史実に価値を置く姿勢を表明している。
• In the 'explanately notes' of the book, the author listed the titles of Greek history books that he used for reference to express his approach valuing historical facts.

• 清盛も出兵には消極的だったが後白河法皇は強硬姿勢を崩さず、やむを得ず出兵を承諾した。
• Kiyomori also was reluctant to dispatch troops, but since the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa maintained a hard-line stance, Kiyomori approved the dispatch of troops against his will.

• 一方キリスト教会側も義和団以降、反感を買いやすかった倣岸な姿勢を改めるようになった。
• On the other hand, the Christian church reestablished the arrogance that had brought antipathy from people since the Boxer Rebellion.

• 江戸時代から1945年まで、即位説は論者の道徳的姿勢にも関わる問題と意識されていた。
• The enthronement theory was considered to be associated with the morals of advocates in the Edo period to 1945.

• 全国各地で発生した自然災害に対して、ともに悲しみ、被災者をいたわる姿勢を見せている。
• The Emperor Akihito has grieved over the damages caused by natural disasters broke out nationwide along with the nation, having consoled the victims.

• 足を便器の左右にそれぞれ平行に置き、便座がないためそのまましゃがんだ姿勢で用を足す。
• The user puts the feet on both the right and left sides of the basin, squats down because of no lavatory seat, and evacuates.

• さらにボアソナードのいう軍事行動も含む強硬な外交姿勢も、日本は忠実に実行に移している。
• Besides, Japan faithfully practiced the hard diplomatic attitude including military action as recommended by Boissonade.

• 心を外的な規範から解放した結果、六経などの経書を尊び学ぶ姿勢が減退していくことになる。
• When the mind was freed from external norms, the attitude of respecting and learning the Classics such as the Six Classics declined.

• 大日如来を表す梵字が月輪の中、蓮華の上に描かれた軸を見つめ、姿勢と呼吸を整え瞑想する。
• Sitting with the back perfectly upright, breathing in a natural rhythmical way, practitioners meditate while watching the Bonji (Sanskrit characters) which is a manifestation of Dainichi Nyorai (Mahavairocana) in the Gachirin (a perfect round circle meant to represent the full moon, and the Buddha's knowledge and virtue which are considered perfect and all-encompassing) on a lotus flower painted on a hanging scroll.

• 死の直前に雲林院を遍照に譲って天台宗の修行場して亡き父帝への謝恩の姿勢を示そうとした。
• Just before his death, he handed over Urin-in Temple to Hensho, thus showing his appreciation to his late father, as the place of the ascetic practices for the Tendai sect.

• 役柄について思索する時に、仰向けに寝て足を天井方向に真っ直ぐ向ける姿勢をとる癖がある。
• He has a peculiarity about lying on his back and adopting a posture with his legs stretched straight upward to the ceiling when speculating about the character of a role.

• 製品の幾何特性仕様（ＧＰＳ）−幾何公差表示方式−形状，姿勢，位置及び振れの公差表示方式
• Geometrical product specifications (GPS)−Geometrical tolerancing−Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out

• 彼女の姿勢はもはや優雅なものではなかったが、ゲイブリエルの目はなおも幸福に輝いていた。
• She had no longer any grace of attitude, but Gabriel's eyes were still bright with happiness.

• 法華堂で行なわれる行は常坐三昧といわれ、ひたすら坐禅を続け、その姿勢のまま仮眠をとる。
• The training conducted in the Hokke-do Hall is called Joza-zanmai, and involves non-stop sitting meditation, including napping in that posture.

• 当初ロシアは強硬姿勢を貫き下記のような主張を行っていたため、交渉は暗礁に乗り上げていた。
• Russia initially took a vigorous attitude, insisting the following opinions, and it hindered the negotiation process.

• やがて各流派はお互いに排他的姿勢を見せるようになり、流派間の交流や共演は消滅していった。
• However, before long, because each sect came to present its own exclusive posture, the exchange and co-starring between sects disappeared.

• 足を伸ばして座ったり、体育座りの姿勢で座ると陰部が隠せないため、正座をしたと考えられる。
• It is thought people used the seiza style because sitting with legs stretched straight or with the knees drawn up to the chest would expose the genitals.

• 同じように、杜氏の世界も同じ「酒を造る」という行為に対する姿勢によってじつに多様である。
• Similarly, there are various types of attitudes toward sake brewing among toji people.

• あなたがどのように状況に対処し、状況に反応するかを計測する習慣、あるいは精神的特徴の姿勢
• a habitual or characteristic mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations

• しかし、義教の姿勢はかわらず、絶望した僧侶たちは2月、根本中堂に火を放って焼身自殺した。
• However, when Yoshinori did not change his position, the disappointed monks set fire to the Konponchudo Hall in February and killed themselves.

• 長州藩は、俗論党により途中「幕府恭順」姿勢を見せるも、その前後は反幕府という姿勢だった。
• Despite the fact that during a certain period of time the Choshu clan showed the attitude of 'obedience to Bakufu' as the result of activities by Zokuron-to (俗論党), before and after such period they were also anti-Bakufu.

• そうした姿勢が徐々に受容の方向へと変化しはじめたのは、国際情勢が緊迫の度を増した為である。
• The attitude started to change gradually towards acceptance because of strained international situation.

• その後も慶円は三条天皇の病気回復のために祈祷するなど道長の権勢におもねらない姿勢を示した。
• Thereafter Keien showed his attitude not to fawn upon Michinaga's power by for example praying for recovery of Emperor Sanjo.

• そういう地域では、極端な前屈姿勢での食事も必ずしも無作法というわけではない場合も見られる。
• In these regions, eating in an extreme stooped position is not always considered to be bad manners.

• 5月2日の会談で、長岡藩は武装中立の姿勢と会津説得の猶予を嘆願したが新政府側はこれを拒否。
• In a conference on June 21, the Nagaoka domain petitioned for a stance of armed neutrality and an extension of time to persuade the Aizu Domain, and yet the new government rejected them.

• 謹厳実直な性格で、周囲からは煙たがられつつも、芸事に対する姿勢の厳しさで一目置かれる存在。
• Although everybody tries to stay away from him due to his extremely serious and sincere nature, he is respected for his attitude toward the arts.

• 日本の神道など宗教でお勤めをするときの姿勢や家来の武士が待機するときの座法の一つでもある。
• Sonkyo is also a posture executed in religious services of Shinto or other Japanese religions, and is further a way of sitting for a samurai retainer waiting for any order.

• 稲葉家はその後も新政府に対する恭順の姿勢を貫き、正邦ら佐幕急進派が分裂することもなかった。
• Thereafter, the Inaba family continued to maintain their allegiance to new government, and radicals supporting Tokugawa shogunate including Masakuni did not split up.

• 町を外（はず）れると急に馳（か）け足（あし）の姿勢で、はやてのように後ろから、追いついた。
• Once out of the town limit, we darted on a double-quick time, and caught up with them.

• 吏党（りとう）とは、明治時代中期の初期帝国議会における明治政府寄りの姿勢を示した政党のこと。
• The Rito party was a political party that supported the Meiji government at an early Imperial Diet during the mid-Meiji period.

• しかし官僚であり続けながら非政治的であろうとする森の姿勢には無理があったと言わねばならない。
• However, it can be said that Mori's attitude to be nonpolitical in spite of being a bureaucracy embraced a contradiction.

• 光崎のこのような積極的姿勢は当道座の反感を誘い、京都を追われたという話もあるが定かではない。
• It is said that such an aggressive attitude like MITSUZAKI aroused opposition from Todo-za and he was expelled from Kyoto, but it is no longer sure.

• 人間工学−視覚表示装置を用いるオフィス作業−ワークステーションのレイアウト及び姿勢の要求事項
• Ergonomics−Office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) −Workstation layout and postural requirements

• またこれらが満たされない場合、軍事行動も含む強硬な外交姿勢を取ることをも合わせて意見している。
• Also he advised that if these requirements were not accepted, Japan should demonstrate a hard diplomatic position which includes the use of military action.

• このため、大御所であった父親が死ぬと直ちに「御代始」を宣言して積極的に政務を臨む姿勢を示した。
• For this reason, immediately after the death of a father, Ogosho, declaring Miyohajime was the way to show the attitude of actively engaging in the government affairs.

• しかし、芳一は入禅の姿勢でそこに坐っているのを住職は認めた――傷からはなお血をだらだら流して。
• But he perceived Hoichi sitting there, in the attitude of meditation -- with the blood still oozing from his wounds.

• ほおに血の気がもどったが、ひどく具合が悪く見え、船がゆれるたびにずり落ちては姿勢を直していた。
• Some of the colour had come back into his cheeks, though he still looked very sick and still continued to slip out and settle down as the ship banged about.

• その鬱憤が、在地勢力をこぞって南朝方に誘導し、守護島津氏との対決姿勢を顕わにすることとなった。
• The animosity between them led the whole local rulers en masse to join the Southern Court, and a showdown with the Provincial Governor Shimazu became imminent.

• このままクラブのメンバーを続けたいと思うなら、君ははっきりと協力する姿勢をみせなければ駄目だ。
• If you want to stay a member of this club, you have to fish or cut bait.

• 剣道では相撲と同様の姿勢、または片膝を床に着けて立ち膝で上体を起こして姿勢を正した状態を言う。
• For kendo, it refers to the same posture as for sumo, or the posture of kneeling down on one knee with the upper body straight.

• 顧客を身分が下の者とみなして「意見を聞いてやる」という姿勢が、傲慢で不愉快だと指摘する声もある。
• Therefore, the attitude to consider customers as people in lower social status and to allow customers to tell their opinions is regarded arrogant and uncomfortable for some people.

• また、宗親・両班の生活の拠点が都市から在地の荘園に移り、積極的な経営に乗り出す姿勢を見せ始めた。
• And the living bases of Soshin and Yangban moved from cities to local manors and they started to show aggressive management.

• 清盛は二条親政を支持する姿勢を示すために、宗盛を二条の側近として送り込んでいたものと推測される。
• It is thought that Kiyomori had sent in Munemori to assist Nijo in order to display his support for the Nijo Restoration.

• 多くの像容は右手を額にあてて遠くを見る姿勢で表現され、身体には唐時代の帝王の服装をまとっている。
• Daigen shuri bosatsu is often expressed in statue form where his right hand is placed against his forehead and gazes into the distance, wearing the Emperor's garments of the period of Tang Dynasty.

• 朝倉貞景は自らは本国に留まりながらも、一門の朝倉景冬を近江坂本に派兵し、最低限の協調姿勢は見せた。
• Although Sadakage ASAKURA himself stayed in his province, he dispatched Kagefuyu ASAKURA of his family to Sakamoto in Omi Province, thereby showing his minimally cooperative attitude.

• そうした受容姿勢の変化に大きく寄与したのが、同じく欧米からもたらされた新思想、社会進化論であった。
• This approach to 'Bankoku Koho' was changed dramatically by new thought, social evolutionism also brought from European and American countries.

• ここに至り、清盛は院政派の反発を抑えるため皇居の警護体制を整えるなど、二条支持の姿勢を明確にした。
• At this point, Kiyomori organized the system for guarding the Imperial grounds to suppress rebellion by the cloistered government group, therefore clarifying his position as supporting Nijo.

• 伝存する古筆切のほとんどが、真の筆者名を明らかにしないのは、貫之の見せた姿勢と無関係ではあるまい。
• The reason why the authors of most existing pieces of excellent classical calligraphy are unknown may be related with the attitude of Tsurayuki.

• それでもなお、尊皇倒幕、勤皇派武士を屋敷に匿うなど、最後まで維新に助力する姿勢に変わりは無かった。
• Even after returning home, he harbored Sonno, anti-shogunate, pro-Imperialist samurai in his residence, and his attitude to contribute to the restoration did not change until the last minute of his life.

• 信長が三職推任に明確に反応しなかったのは、朝廷離れの姿勢、もしくは朝廷への圧迫を示したものである。
• The fact that Nobunaga did not respond clearly shows his attitude was to separate from or suppress the Imperial Court.

• しかし、狩野派のような粉本主義・形式主義に陥ることなく弟子の個性や主体性を尊重する教育姿勢だった。
• However, he did not get into methodism or formalism like Kano school but had educational attitude in which he respected personality or independence of disciples.

• 古代の神々を人として歴史的立場から資料を精査しながら、合理的に事実を捉えようとする姿勢がみられる。
• From the books, it can be observed that Hakuseki tries to grasp the real and rational picture of ancient deities by regarding them as humans and carefully exploring documents from a historical perspective.

• 積極的な姿勢があれば、解決できる問題はそのやり方を求め、掌握できない事柄からは手を引くことになる。
• If you have a positive attitude, you are looking for ways to solve the problems that you can solve, and you are letting go of the things over which you have no control.

• このような社会の先達としての貴族主義から、転じて彼の政治姿勢は、藩閥に対して批判的であったとされる。
• Because he espoused aristocratism and thought nobles should lead society, it is said he had a critical attitude to domain cliques.

• すなわち、信仰に導きたいというような特定の価値観に拘束されない自由な視点で説話と関わる姿勢が覗われる。
• Consequently, it is possible to approach the setsuwa in this collection from a point of view that is unfettered by allegiance to any specific code of values that would require a faith-based reading.

• 然るにこの『万国公法』では、ホイートン原著とは逆に自然法を強調して国際法を理解する姿勢が打ち出された。
• In this 'Bankoku Koho,' however, contrarily to the original text of Wheaton, the posture to understand international law attaching importance to natural law.

• ここに見られる完全性を拒否する姿勢こそが、「わび茶」へと繋がる新しい喫茶文化の端緒を開くものであった。
• As the above anecdote shows, his attitude of refusing perfectness itself was the starting point of new tea drinking culture that led to 'Wabicha.'

• 正座とは、元々、神道での神、仏教で仏を拝む場合や、征夷大将軍にひれ伏す場合にのみとられた姿勢であった。
• Originally, seiza was the posture adopted when worshipping Kami in Shinto or Buddha in Buddhism, or when prostrating oneself before the Shogun.

• 剣術は我流で、片手抜刀の達人（片膝が地面に着くほど低い姿勢からの逆袈裟斬り）であったと伝えられている。
• He taught himself how to use a sword; yet he was known to be adept at drawing a sword with only one hand (from the position as low as one knee almost touching the ground, cutting the opponent slashing from bottom to top up to the shoulder).

• この点から、月並俳句が横行した幕末・明治初期にかけて、蕉門の再評価を目指した井月の姿勢がうかがわれる。
• Regarding these haiku Seigetsu wrote, it can be said that he tried to reevaluate Shomon (Basho's school) from the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate to the early Meiji period during which mediocre haiku were prevalent.

• また、親政府勢力と見られた温和派（吏党）も国粋主義色を強めるにつれて政府と対決姿勢を見せる事例も現れた。
• In the meantime, some of the members of the Onwa faction (called Rito) that had been believed to be pro-government political force became strongly nationalistic and started to have conflicts with the government.

• アヘン戦争後も清朝の外交姿勢が変化しないことを不満としたイギリスはフランスとともにアロー戦争をおこした。
• Britain was discontented with the diplomacy of the Qing dynasty that did not change even after the Opium War and invoked the Arrow War in alliance with France.

• 上記は制度改革について論じたものの例であるが、一方で国民の考え方、気風を変えるべきとの姿勢も顕著である。
• The above was an example which was discussed about reforms of system, on the other hand, it had a clear stance that they should change people's way of thinking and spirit.

• 姿勢が前かがみになったり、法界定印の親指同士が離れたりするのは、坐禅に集中できていない証拠だからである。
• The fact that the posture leans forward or the thumb tips of hokkai-join are apart indicates that the meditator has not been able to concentrate on zazen.

• その延長で前屈姿勢で食べることもマナー違反ではない地域も少なくない（→犬食い犬食いと日本以外の食文化）。
• As an extension of it, there are many cultures that eating in a stooped position is not against manners (refer to Inugui, Inugui and food cultures excluding Japan).

• 寛永寺は他宗の問題である事を理由に宗派に任せる（事実上の容認）姿勢を見せたのに対して、増上寺は激怒した。
• Kanei-ji Temple practically approved the proposal, saying that since it was another sect's matter, they entrusted it to the other sect, while Zojo-ji Temple was infuriated.

• こうした姿勢が「梶原景時讒訴事件」における御家人の動向や晩年の北条氏からの厚遇につながったとされている。
• It was believed that these attitudes had attained the positive reaction of vassals at the 'Kagetoki KAJIWARA's False Claim Incident' as well as the favorable treatment from the Hojo clan in the last years of his life.

• 下野の有力豪族小山朝政は始め偽って義広に同意の姿勢を見せて下野国野木宮（現栃木県野木町）に籠もっていた。
• Tomomasa OYAMA, the head of a powerful family in Shimotsuke, at first pretended that he had agreed with Yoshihiro and remained in Nogimiya in Shimotsuke Province (the present-day Nogi-machi, Tochigi Prefecture).

• しかし同家は次第に本家（足利義詮系統の京都将軍家）の足利氏と将軍位などをめぐって対立する姿勢を見せ始める。
• The family, however, began to show its opposition to the Ashikaga head family (the Kyoto shogunate family whose forefather was Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA) over the shogunate's succession and so on.

• たとえば弓道における残心は、矢を射った後も心身ともに姿勢を保ち、目は矢が当たった場所を見据えることである。
• For example, zan-shin used in kyudo refers to retaining the posture, both in mind and body, even after sending an arrow, with the eyes focused on the place struck by the arrow.

• 後期には巨匠らしからぬ変幻自在な作風や、テレビや娯楽映画も厭わずにこなす姿勢への批評家側の戸惑いがあった。
• In his late life, commentators felt embarrassed by Ichikawa's ever-lasting style which was incongruous for the master and by his willingness to work on TV and entertainment films.

• 織田信長が上洛した際も強硬姿勢を崩さず、豊臣秀吉の藤原氏への改姓の不可を論じその関白就任にも反対していた。
• He did not ease his hard-line stance when Nobunaga ODA went up to Kyoto, arguing against Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's changing the surname to FUJIWARA and disapproving Hideyoshi's assumption of the post of Kanpaku.

• しかし、それが他の列強に知られたために、この話に与れなかったドイツやロシア、フランスの姿勢を更に硬化させた。
• However, the other world powers, including Germany, Russia and France, noticed the demand and hardened their stance toward Japan even more.

• また、幼い頃から皇室に親しんでいたこともあって、「皇室の藩屏」という意識が強く、それが政治姿勢となっていた。
• Also, since he was close to the Imperial family since he was very young, he had a strong sense of 'guarding the walls of the Imperial family,' and that eventually became his political direction.

• 正座（せいざ、元の用字は正坐）は、正しい姿勢で座ること、およびその座り方、特に膝を揃えて畳んだ座り方である。
• Seiza (正座, originallly written 正坐) means the act of sitting in the right posture as well as the sitting position itself, specifically the style of sitting with the knees together and the legs folded under the body.

• 具体的には、下記が登録に前向きの姿勢を示しており、京都市が京都御所、嵯峨野嵐山一帯の追加登録を目指している。
• In particular, following temples show a positive attitude, the local government of Kyoto City aims at the additional registrations of Kyoto-gosho Palace and the Sagano-Arashiyama area.

• 子供の時期に尚早に年をとること（白髪としわが寄っていた皮膚、および前屈姿勢）によって特徴付けられるまれな異常
• a rare abnormality marked by premature aging (grey hair and wrinkled skin and stooped posture) in a child

• 政治姿勢は浄土宗の影響もあり撫民を基礎としたものであり、当時の幕政に明確な統治をもたらしたとする評価がある。
• His political position was based on bumin (policies for the people's livelihood) under the influence of Jodoshu sect, so it was appraised that it brought the shogunate government clear governance at that time.

• この法律において「計器飛行」とは、航空機の姿勢、高度、位置及び針路の測定を計器にのみ依存して行う飛行をいう。
• The term 'instrument flight' as used in this Act means a flight which is performed relying solely on flight instruments to measure the attitude, altitude, position, and course of the aircraft.

• さらに、企業が基礎研究から研究開発に重点を移しているなど、企業の研究に対する姿勢の変化が原因とも言われている。
• Furthermore, it is also said that private companies shifted their focus from basic research to research and development.

• また、逆に石田三成らと親しく関ヶ原の合戦時にも西軍寄りの姿勢を取っていた可能性を指摘する白川亨らの研究もある。
• On the other hand, researches by Tooru SHIRAKAWA and others state that Nene had a close relationship with Mitsunari ISHIDA, and she might be rather on the side of the West squad in the Battle of Sekigahara.

• さらに皇太子一条天皇の外祖父である右大臣藤原兼家も花山天皇の早期退位を願って、天皇や義懐と対決の姿勢を示した。
• In addition, FUJIWARA no Kaneie, who was the maternal grandfather of the Crown Prince, Emperor Ichijo, and the udaijin, wanted early abdication of the Emperor Kazan and demonstrated confrontation stance against the Emperor Kazan and Yoshichika.

• 公卿ながら武士に対しても公平な隆資の姿勢を慕う武士達の奮戦はあったものの、足利軍の圧倒的な兵力の前に惨敗した。
• Although warriors fought very hard respecting Takasuke's fair manner toward the warriors, who were originally from noble families, they completely defeated by the overwhelming number of samurai of the Ashikaga army.

• その後、蘭学に対する真摯な姿勢より、藩主奥平昌鹿より「蘭学の化け物」と賞賛され、これを誉とし「蘭化」と号する。
• Afterward, because of his sincere posture to Western studies, he was praised as '蘭学の化け物' (literally, wizard of Western studies) by Masashika OKUDAIRA, the lord of the domain, and was so proud of the title that he called himself '蘭化' (ranka).

• 航空機の姿勢をひんぱんに変更する飛行その他の航空交通の安全を阻害するおそれのある飛行で国土交通省令で定めるもの
• Flight involving frequent changes in aircraft attitude or any other flight which might interfere with the safety of air traffic, as may be specified by Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

• しかしまた幽かな光線の中を透して見ると、彼の頭は前方に伸ばされ、全身の姿勢が、注意の集中のために緊張していた。
• In the dim light I saw his head thrown forward, his whole attitude rigid with attention.

• この他森山の洋服着用など欧米スタイルを貫こうとする姿勢に朝鮮側が嫌悪感を示したことで交渉ははかばかしくなかった。
• Furthermore, as the Japanese persisted in the European and American style, such as Moriyama wearing Western clothes, to which the Koreans showed aversion, the negotiation did not go smoothly.

• 更にこれは半済法でありながら、その内容は室町幕府の所領に関する政策と訴訟に対する姿勢を内外に示した法令であった。
• While this law was categorized as a hanzei law, its contents demonstrated policies concerning territories of the Muromachi bakufu as well as the attitude toward litigation on the inside and outside of the bakufu.

• 問題になったが、阪急社長の小林一三はこれを公認する姿勢を打ち出し、ソーライス（ソース・ライス）として親しまれた。
• Although this became a problem, Ichizo KOBAYASHI, the president of Hankyu, showed an attitude to approve of it, making this dish popular as sauce rice.

• 相撲や剣道等においては、試合をする直前に対戦する相手と仕切り線をはさみ、腰を下ろして向かい合う姿勢のことを言う。
• For sumo or kendo (Japanese fencing), sonkyo refers to the posture taken by the wrestlers or the fighters as they face each other and squat down at each starting line, just prior to the start of a match.

• とても勇敢であんまり多くの頭皮をはいでいるので、今の姿勢のまま前進するのには頭皮がすこし邪魔っけなくらいでした。
• a brave of so many scalps that in his present position they somewhat impede his progress.

• ロケット用若しくは無人航空機用の飛行制御装置若しくは姿勢制御装置又はこれらの試験装置、校正装置若しくは心合わせ装置
• Flight controllers or altitude control equipment for rockets or unmanned aerial vehicles, or test equipment, calibration equipment, or alignment equipment therefor

• その活動範囲は広く、特に息子・野村萬斎はテレビドラマ出演や舞台演出を手掛けるなど各方面に精力的な姿勢を見せている。
• They work in a range of fields and Mansaku's son Mansai NOMURA in particular has been working tirelessly in different fields, such as appearing in TV drama series and producing theatrical plays.

• 作品の評価は完成度の点で高くないとされるが、後鳥羽院の描いた王政復古の夢をやや批判的に首尾一貫した姿勢で書いている。
• The work is not valued highly, and it consistently and mildly criticizes Gotoba in's dream of the restoration of Imperial rule.

• 後白河も清盛の姿勢に理解を示し、嘉応元年（1169年）から安元3年（1177年）まで毎年のように福原の山荘へ赴いた。
• Goshirakawa showed understanding towards Kiyomori's stance and visited the mountain retreat in Fukuhara every year from 1169 to 1177.

• また前屈姿勢で料理が視界に入らないことから料理をこぼす場合もあるため、これも「もったいない」として問題に挙げられた。
• Also, when eating in a stooped position, foods didn't come into sight and they sometimes spilled them, therefore, this was also seen as a problem, 'mottainai' (That's a waste).

• また、これに関連して「生かさず殺さず」の姿勢で百姓を支配しようとした事やキリシタンに対する厳しい弾圧への批判も多い。
• Furthermore, concerning this, there are many criticisms as well for having controlled farmers in the posture of 'Do not kill them nor make them live' and for the harsh repression of Christians.

• 今に於いては、万事偏に院宣の趣を以て存じ行うべく候」（『玉葉』閏2月6日条）と表明して、後白河に恭順する姿勢を示した。
• Now, I will do everything in accordance with inzen (an order from the retired emperor).' (Source: Article for the sixth day of the intercalary second month in 'Gyokuyo')

• 北京に帰った西太后は排外姿勢を改め、70歳近い年齢でありながら英語を習い始めるなど、西欧文明に寛容な態度を取り始めた。
• Empress Dowager Cixi reformed her anti-foreign attitude after returning to Beijing, and started to show tolerance toward western cultures by beginning to learn English despite being close to 70 years old.

• 特に通夜は急に執り行われることが多いため、参加する姿勢が大事と考える人もいる（仕事帰りなどで作業服しかない場合など）。
• Moreover, since Tsuya are suddenly conducted in many cases, some consider it important to take a positive attitude to attend the Tsuya (for instance, where only a work uniform is available when on the way home from work).

• 奥州藤原氏は、中央から来る国司を拒まず受け入れ、奥州第一の有力者としてそれに協力するという姿勢を最後まで崩さなかった。
• The Oshu Fujiwara clan had never changed its attitude throughout its life that it would never refuse to accept kokushi (provincial officers) dispatched from the central government and cooperate with them as the most influential clan in the Oshu region.

• 野村は新選組に復帰せず、陸軍隊の一隊を任されていたが、隊長春日の統率姿勢に不満を持ち、命令違反などのトラブルを起こす。
• Nomura did not return to the fold of the Shinsengumi, and although he was exclusively in charge of a squad of the army forces, he was not satisfied with the commander Kasuga's leadership and caused various troubles including disobedience to Kasuga's orders.

• 私はここで、同じくアラブ諸国、特にサウジアラビア王国の同胞のみなさんの、その姿勢にも触れさせていただきたいと思います。
• I would like here, as well, to make note of the positions of the Arab counties, especially our brothers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,

• 北方開拓を重視する政府の姿勢の表れだが、初めの数年は力不足で、内実が伴いはじめるのは明治4年（1871年）からであった。
• It reflected the government's focus on the development of the northern island, but the reclamation of Ezo did not work for the first few years due to the inadequate system and it was not until 1871 that the government effort finally paid off.

• これについては、公家領や寺社領に関する訴訟を扱ってきた公家社会が年紀法自体に否定的な姿勢を示していたとする考え方もある。
• Some think this shows that the Court noble society, which handled the lawsuits about the territories of the Court nobles, temples and shrines, had a negative attitude against the Nenkiho itself.

• 硬六派は日清戦争中は政府に協力的な姿勢を示したが、三国干渉を政府が受け入れた事を非難し、戦後は倒閣への動きを見せ始める。
• The Ko Roppa showed a cooperative attitude toward the government during the Sino-Japanese War, but the party started to take action to overthrow the government after the war while criticizing it for accepting the Triple Intervention (a diplomatic intervention by Russia, Germany and France).

• この動きに対し、三人衆がかつての宿敵である六角義賢や紀伊国の国人衆、高野山等と結んでこれに徹底して対立する姿勢を示した。
• Miyoshi sanninshu took a confrontational stance against these movements together with Yoshitaka ROKKAKU, the Kokujin-shu (local samurais) in Ki Province and Koya-san who had been long-time enemies.

• 重盛は左大将を辞任して抗議の姿勢を見せ、配流された成親に密かに衣類を送るなど必死の努力をするが、7月に成親は殺害された。
• Shigemori resigned from the position of sadaisho (Major Captain the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards) to show his resistance and tried hard to save deported Narichika by, for example, secretly sending clothes to him; however, in July, Narichika was killed.

• これに強い危機感を抱いた近衛は政府元老の伊藤博文や山縣有朋らにロシアに対して強硬な姿勢を取るよう持ちかけたが一蹴された。
• KONOE strongly felt a sense of danger about the incident and proposed to take a hard-line stance against Russia and consulted with Hirobumi ITO, former Genro (elder statesman) and Aritomo YAMAGATA but they didn't accept his opinion.

• この時も、主筋の六郎が木沢を擁護する姿勢を見せていたが、それにも構わず飯盛山城の包囲し続けた為、木沢の命運は尽きかけた。
• Again, his lord, Rokuro, assumed a position to protect Kizawa, but nevertheless they did not stop the siege of Iimoriyama-jo Castle, and so Kizawa nearly went to his fate.

• 見ると、この超自然の訪客は腕一杯にぐるぐるとその鎖を捲きつけたまま、直立不動の姿勢で彼と向い合って立っているのであった。
• and found his supernatural visitor confronting him in an erect attitude, with its chain wound over and about its arm.

• 重量物を取り扱う業務、腰部に過度の負担を与える不自然な作業姿勢により行う業務その他腰部に過度の負担のかかる業務による腰痛
• Low back pain due to jobs to handle heavy objects, those done in unnatural postures or others which involve excessive tension to low back

• 戦国時代 (日本)の混乱期に一旦は解体しかけた朝廷及び公家社会の秩序回復に、江戸幕府が協力する姿勢を示したものとも言える。
• It can also be said that the Edo bakufu showed an attitude of cooperation to restore order of the imperial court and the court noble society which had once almost broken up in the confusion during the Sengoku period (period of warring states).

• また三浦居住の恒居倭の増加に伴い様々な問題が生じ、朝鮮王朝は恒居倭に対し強硬な姿勢で臨むようになる（恒居倭の増加節参照）。
• An increased number of kokyowa (Japanese people living on the Korean Peninsula who had no intention of becoming naturalized Koreans) living in Sanpo also caused various problems, and the Korean Dynasties started to take a harsh stance towards them (see the 'Increase in Number of Kokyowa' section).

• 王陽明自身は「吾が心に省みて非なれば、孔子の言といえども是とせず」と言い切ってはいても、未だ経書への姿勢は謙虚さがあった。
• Although Wang Yangming said, 'if I reflect on myself and find nothing wrong, I cannot accept it as correct even if Confucius says it is,' he still treated the Classics respectfully.

• 欧米の諸制度・思想を紹介して、それを文明国標準とする一方で、旧来既存の日本の考え方や制度に批判を加えようとする姿勢である。
• It was a stance to criticize the conventional way of thinking and system in Japan while it introduced the systems and thoughts of Europe and America and considered them as the standard of civilized country.

• 私はあまりに驚いて茫然自失となり、最初に聞いた悲鳴で棒立ちになったまま、その姿勢を崩すことにまで気がまわらなかったのです。
• Stupified and aghast, I had myself no power to move from the upright position I had assumed upon first hearing the shriek,

• その後政府の強硬姿勢は、頃まで続いたが、税収の見込みがつくようになると徐々に緩和されていき、に耕地宅地の改正作業が完了した。
• The hardline stance of the government continued through 1878; but the strict stance was gradually eased as the government was able to have the prospect of receiving revenue from tax and the work of reformation of arable land and the residential land was completed in 1880.

• 幕府は西本願寺の勤皇姿勢に警戒を強め、長州藩士を匿ったことを理由に、会津藩に命じて新撰組屯所を壬生から本願寺門内に移させた。
• The Edo bakufu tightened security at the stance of the imperialist Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, it ordered the Aizu clan to move the Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate) headquarters from Mibu to the inside of the Hongan-ji Temple as they had given shelter to the feudal retainers of the Choshu clan.

• 人が承諾しがたい抑制された要望および衝動の反対で、それらを秘密にする役目をする姿勢および振る舞いを無意識に身につける防衛機構
• a defense mechanism in which a person unconsciously develops attitudes and behavior that are the opposite of unacceptable repressed desires and impulses and serve to conceal them

• 農業・漁業などに関しては、国が推し進める稲作減反に反対の姿勢を取り、独自の「京都食管」と呼ばれる価格保障制度や育成策をだす。
• Concerning agriculture and fishery, he opposed the rice acreage reduction promoted by the national government and worked out a unique price support system called 'Kyoto food control system' and an agriculture and fishery development plan.

• 徳川家康はスペインとの貿易に積極的姿勢を見せ、京都の商人田中勝介を当時スペイン領のヌエバ・エスパーニャ（メキシコ）に派遣した。
• Ieyasu TOKUGAWA adopted the posture of actively promoting trade with Spain, and sent Shosuke TANAKA, a merchant in Kyoto, to Nueva Espana (present Mexico) that was a territory of Spain at that time.

• 頼るところは最早人心のみ」と述べながら、北京陥落後あっさり義和団を切り捨てた清朝・西太后の姿勢は大きな失望を一般民衆に与えた。
• All we can rely on now is the heart of the people,' but she simply cut ties with the Boxers after the fall of Beijing, and commoners lost trust in the attitude of the Empress and the Qing dynasty.

• またこの時代の文人を特に貴族的文人と呼ぶことができるがその貴族としての意識が凡俗であることを見下す姿勢を産み出したともいえる。
• In addition, especially the Bunjin in this period can be called aristocratic Bunjin and it can be also said that their awareness as nobility created an attitude to disrespect the ordinary and secular.

• 生きとし生けるものすべての生滅の苦しみに同情し、苦しみを抜いて楽を与えるべく苦慮しており、その姿勢にはもはや自他の区別がない。
• It sympathized with the suffering of all living things in life and death and worries himself to give delight by removing suffering in those whose attitude is not different with himself.

• 江戸通泰は佐竹氏に臣従の姿勢を見せたものの、独自の勢力を保ち、古河公方家の家督争いなどで混乱が続く常陸西部及び南部に進出する。
• Although Michiyasu EDO acted as a vassal to the Satake clan, he, independent-minded, expanded his sphere of influence to the western and southern areas of Hitachi where there were a series of disturbances such as succession disputes within the Furukawa kubo family.

• そのため、朝廷を威圧する目的はなく、京都の平和回復を宣伝するとともに天皇を厚遇して朝廷尊重の姿勢を見せる政治的な目的があった。
• Therefore, he did not aim to intimidate the Imperial Court, but had a political agenda to demonstrate the recovery of peace in Kyoto and show respect for the Imperial Court by treating the Emperor very well.

• 一方で、榎本武揚や勝海舟のように、旧幕臣でありながら新政府でも要職に就く姿勢を「オポチュニスト」と徹底的に批判する一面もある。
• On the other hand, he thoroughly criticized those who had served bakufu and who also came to assume important positions in the new government, such as Takeaki ENOMOTO and Kaishu KATSU, as 'opportunists.'

• 悠然とした身ごなしや、ギャツビー邸の芝生に堂々と立つその姿勢から言って、どうやらかれこそがミスター・ギャツビーそのひとらしい。
• Something in his leisurely movements and the secure position of his feet upon the lawn suggested that it was Mr. Gatsby himself,

• しゃがみこむ姿勢は脚の筋力を鍛えるとも言われているものの、身体障害者や高齢者がその姿勢を保つのには肉体的に大きな負担がかかる。
• It is said that squatting position develops the muscles of the feet, but the position is physically a heavy burden to disabled people or elderly people.

• ただこのように軍事的高圧な姿勢を表面上見せながら、当時の日本は軍費の負担という点からいって、戦争が好ましいとは考えていなかった。
• However, while Japan showed an oppressive military attitude on the surface, Japan at that time thought that the war would not be preferable from the point of military expenditure.

• ただ、為兼の強烈な個性は多くの敵をつくり、伏見の積極的な政治姿勢とも相まって、西園寺実兼との対立や幕府の警戒を呼ぶ結果となった。
• However, Tamekane's individualistic character made many enemies and together with Fushimi's progressive governing stance, it led to confrontation with Sanekane SAIONJI and called attention from the bakufu.

• でも、見ていて何が恐ろしいって、その男の姿勢も歯をみせたにやにや笑いの表情もそんなにあちこちを滑っても全くかわらなかったことだ。
• but--what was ghastly to behold--neither his attitude nor his fixed teeth-disclosing grin was anyway disturbed by this rough usage.

• ただし、安信は質画の良さまで否定したわけではなく、さらに「心性の眼を筆の先に徹する」心画とも言うべき姿勢をもっとも重視している。
• But Yasunobu never denied good points of shitsuga, and set much store on its attitude, which should be called shinga (painting of mind) that 'concentrated the mind's eye on the tip of a brush.'.

• 公武合体から非佐幕へと政治姿勢を転換させた背景として、時流が薩長同盟によって倒幕へ傾斜したことに対する土佐藩の焦りが挙げられる。
• Goto changed his political attitude from Kobu-gattai (reconciliation between the imperial court and the shogunate) to Hisabaku (anti-shogunate) because the movement towards the anti-shogunate was dramatically fostered by Satsuma-Choshu Alliance, which put pressure on the leaders of Tosa Domain.

• こうして明治維新直後の危機は過ぎ去ったが、やがて各流派はお互いに排他的姿勢を見せるようになり、流派間の交流や共演は消滅していった。
• Thus, the crisis right after Meiji Restoration was over, but each school became increasingly exclusive and the exchanges between schools or joint performances vanished.

• どちらかといえば秀才肌で生真面目な感のある最澄が、これほどまでに攻撃的な姿勢で論争に臨んだ背景として、いくつかの原因が考えられる。
• We can assume several reasons why Saicho was aggressively involved with this dispute though he was rather a smart and solemn guy.

• 永平寺の住職となった後も道元の侍者であるとの姿勢を終生変えず、道元の霊廟の脇に居室を建て、道元の頂相に生前同様に仕えたといわれる。
• Even after assuming the position of the chief priest of Eihei-ji Temple, Ejo is said to have kept the attitude of being an attendant of Dogen throughout his life, built his residence next to the mausoleum of Dogen and served Dogen's effigy in the same manner as he had done while Dogen had been alive.

• しかし、このイスラームの場合も、宗派によって温度差はあり、世俗的、温和的宗派の場合には許容する姿勢を見せる場合もあるともいわれる。
• However, among the Muslims, there is a difference depending on the sects, and it is said that the more secular and moderate sects show some signs of acceptance.

• また、石原広一郎らの後援で大川周明らが立ち上げた「神武会」に参加を請われ、一時は参加に前向きな姿勢を見せていたことが知られている。
• It is also known that being invited by 'Jinmukai' (the Society of Jinmu), a new nationalist organization set up by Shumei OKAWA and others with the support of Hiroichiro ISHIHARA, he showed a positive attitude to take part in it for a while.

• 三方ヶ原の戦いの際の信盛の｢戦意喪失｣の末の逃亡は、真正面から戦闘をした家康や平手汎秀らの武士としての姿勢とは程遠いものがあった。
• Nobumori's escape after 'losing the will to fight' at the Battle of Mikatagahara was far from the attitude of samurai which Ieyasu and Hirohide HIRATE took to face the battle from the front.

• 津田が切りつけた理由は、本人の供述によれば、以前からロシアの北方諸島などに関しての強硬な姿勢を快く思っていなかったことであるという。
• The reason why TSUDA attacked Nicholas, according to his statements, was that he had been opposed to hard-line attitudes of Russia such as their policy of the northern territories.

• 派内の交遊が壮んであることは、「五倫」（父子・君臣・夫婦・長幼・朋友）の中でも特に「朋友」という人間関係を重視する姿勢を生み出した。
• The close companionship within the faction led it to emphasize the 'associate' relationship of the 'Five Relationships' (father-child, superior-subordinate, husband-wife, young-old, and associates).

• また、黒田清隆首相は「政党の動向に左右されず、超然として公正な施策を行おうとする政府の政治姿勢（超然主義）」を示し、議会と対立した。
• Additionally, showing 'political stance of the government which aspired to take equitable measures being uninfluenced by and detached from movements of political parties,' Prime Minister Kiyotaka KURODA came into collision with the Diet.

• このため、嫡男・信忠と信玄の六女・信松尼との婚姻関係を模索し、友好関係を保つ姿勢をとるなど、周囲の勢力と同盟を結んで国内外を固めた。
• For this reason, Nobunaga reinforced the relationship with neighboring powers through alliances such as aiming to marry his legitimate son Nobutada with Shingen's sixth daughter Shinshoni and taking a stance to keep friendship.

• さらに、ラテンアメリカ、日本、中国、イスラム諸国、アフリカ、そして非同盟諸国の首脳の方々の姿勢にも触れさせていただきたいと思います。
• I would like, also, to take note of the positions of Latin America, Japan, China, the Islamic, African and Nor-Aligned Movement summits.

• それからその姿は、ちょっとの間立ち止まったが、やがてまた跼（うずくま）った這う形になって、威嚇するような姿勢で、室の中に入って来た。
• He stood for an instant, and then he crept forward, crouching, menacing, into the room.

• そのために朝鮮との交渉に際し、事前に日本側はペリーの『日本遠征記』を研究し、交渉姿勢から後に締結する条約に至るまで模倣したと言われる。
• In order to do this, before starting negotiations with Korea the Japanese side studied 'Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan' written by Perry, so that they could imitate the attitude toward negotiations and later achieve conclusion of the treaty.

• しかし、野党案であったことや、建議に拘束力がなかったこと、1900-01年の日本は不況期であったことなどから、政府は消極姿勢であった。
• However, the government expressed their negative views because the request was made by the opposition party, the proposal was not legally binding and Japan was in recession in 1900 to 1901.

• 尾張藩は御三家筆頭、その名古屋城は幕府の西に対する防御施設であったため、いくら慶勝が朝廷よりの姿勢をとっても常に疑いの目で見られていた。
• As the Owari Domain was the head of gosanke (three privileged branches) and the Nagoya-jo Castle was the bakufu's defending facility against the west, Yoshikatsu was always seen with suspicion though he took the stance near to the Imperial Court.

• 永禄5年（1562年）、西三河の松平元康（翌年、徳川家康に改名）は織田信長と清洲同盟を結び、今川氏の傘下から独立する姿勢を明らかにした。
• In 1562, Motoyasu MATSUDAIRA (name changed to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA the following year) of Nishi (West) Mikawa formed Kiyosu Alliance with Nobunaga ODA, and he made his position clear to become independent from being a subsidiary of the Imagawa clan.

• その後、朝倉氏の他に摂津国の三好氏や、かつての仇敵・六角氏など信長に圧迫されていた勢力も対抗姿勢を強めたため、織田氏との抗争は一進一退。
• Later, not only the Asakura clan, but also the other feudal lords who were suppressed by Nobunaga until then, such as the Miyoshi clan in Settsu Province and the Rokkaku clan, once Nagamasa's sworn enemy, strengthened confrontational postures against Nobunaga, then the conflict against the Oda clan went back and forth.

• そのあいだにもモルガンはおのれよりも優（すぐ）れたる重量と力量とに圧倒されんとする、決死の力者（りきしゃ）のごとき姿勢を保ちつつありき。
• yet in that time Morgan assumed all the postures of a determined wrestler vanquished by superior weight and strength.

• また、当時の政府は東京奠都と大嘗祭の東京執行という大問題を抱えており、事態が流動的であったため太政官も八神殿の造営には慎重姿勢を見せた。
• In addition, the national government had the big problem of moving the capital to Tokyo and of celebrating Onie no matsuri (first niinamesai - a ceremony for thanking the gods for a good harvest, after an emperor's accession) in Tokyo, making the state of affairs uncertain, and therefore, Dajokan showed a cautious attitude for the construction of Hasshinden as well.

• これは、埋葬姿勢の差異に由来するものと考えられる（縄文時代の土壙墓には屈葬が多く認められる一方、弥生時代の土壙墓は伸展葬が一般的である）。
• This was due to the difference in burial posture (Crouched burial are often found in a hole-shaped grave during the Jomon period, on the other hand full-length burial was common in a hole-shaped grave during the Yayoi period.)

• 清盛の死後、宗盛は「今に於いては、万事偏に院宣の趣を以て存じ行うべく候」（『玉葉』閏2月6日条）と表明して、後白河に恭順する姿勢を示した。
• After the death of Kiyomori, Munemori made clear his position that it was necessary to follow Goshirakawa, declaring, 'Now we should do everything based on Inzen (a decree from the retired Emperor)(ex-emperor Goshirakawa's commands) (see the entry for February 6 (leap day) in the 'Gyokuyo').

• 内蔵助は先発して、改易に不満で徹底抗戦の姿勢を見せていた松山城 (備中国)に単身入り、水谷家家老鶴見内蔵助を説得して無事に城を明渡させた。
• Kura no Suke went in advance to Matsuyama-jo Castle (Bicchu Province), where those dissatisfied with the Kaieki policy displayed an attitude of do-or-die resistance, and persuaded Kuranosuke TSURUMI, the chief retainer of the Mizutani clan, to surrender the castle in peace.

• ほっそりとした、胸の小さな女で、そのきりっとした身ごなしが、若い士官学校生みたいに肩をはって胸を反らしているその姿勢により強められていた。
• She was a slender, small-breasted girl, with an erect carriage, which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet.

• 当時、悪党と呼ばれる新興勢力が現れ、寺社の強訴が相次いでいたが、長崎高綱・安達時顕が支える得宗政権は、これらの動きに高圧的な姿勢で対処した。
• In those days, local outlaws known as Akuto emerged as a powerful force, and one after another of the temples and shrines began to appeal directly to the bakufu for help; however, the Tokuso administration, which was supported by Takatsuna NAGASAKI and Tokiaki ADACHI, responded to these appeals in a high-handed manner.

• 「永遠なるもの」を追求し、そこに美を感じ取る西洋人の姿勢に対し、日本人の多くは移ろいゆくものにこそ美を感じる傾向を根強く持っているとされる。
• While Westerners sought beauty in 'eternal beings,' many Japanese have a strong tendency to seek beauty in transforming things.

• しかしこれは、代替わりに石清水八幡宮・賀茂神社へ社参するという慣例に反するものであり、園城寺・興福寺などは一斉に清盛へ反抗の姿勢を見せ始めた。
• But this was against tradition, which was to visit Iwashimizu Hachimangu Shrine and Kamo-jinja Shrine upon a change in emperor, leading to the Onjo-ji Temple and the Kofuku-ji Temple simultaneously starting to oppose Kiyomori.

• 日本で1970年代から1980年代頃に給食で、食器に顔を近づけて見苦しい姿勢のまま食事する姿が社会問題としてマスメディアなどに取り上げられた。
• In 1970s to 1980s, the displeasing image of students who brought their faces closer to eating utensils and ate them at school lunch was reported by media as a social issue in Japan.

• そんな中、主家・畠山氏を飛び越えて、六郎（晴元）への接近を強めんとする長政の姿勢は、これを危険視する主君・義堯と三好元長の結束を招いてしまう。
• In this situation, Nagamasa's attitude of making a closer approach to Rokuro (Harumoto) over a head of his master family (the Hatakeyama clan) resulted in the unity of his master Yoshitaka and Motonaga MIYOSHI, who both regarded it as dangerous.

• その姿勢はきわめて真剣なもので、寛文2年（1662年）にはついに「愛欲の源」であり学道の妨げであるとしてカミソリで自らの男根を断った（羅切）。
• Ryooo's attitude was extremely serious, this lead to the action of severing his penis with a razor because of his firm belief that it was 'source of sexual desire,' and it was a hindrance to learning (It was called 'Rasetsu', to cut one's penis off [in order to keep sexual desire off mind]).

• しかしその後、室町幕府への姿勢への意見対立と、次男の菊池忠親への偏愛により、子の菊池持朝と争って家督を奪われ、蘆北郡佐敷に追放されてしまった。
• However, due to conflicting perspectives regarding a stance against Muromachi bakufu and his partiality toward his second son Tadachika KIKUCHI, he faced up to his son Mochitomo KIKUCHI, was consequently stripped of the family estate, and was exiled to Sashiki, Ashikita County.

• 当初、朝廷や幕府は祠堂銭を禁止する姿勢を取ったが、後には仏教保護の一環として反対に祠堂銭を徳政令の対象外とするなど、容認・保護の姿勢に転じた。
• The Imperial Court and the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) banned Shidosen at first, but later on accepted it, protecting Buddhism by exempting shidosen from Tokuseirei (ordering a return of sold land and a dissolution of debts).

• 曹洞宗においては坐禅の姿勢が前かがみになっていないか、臨済宗においては法界定印の親指同士が離れていないかが、警策を与える一つの基準となっている。
• As a criterion to give the keisaku, in the Soto sect, it is checked whether the posture of zazen leans forward, and in the Rinzai sect, whether the thumb tips of hokkai-join (the 'cosmic mudra,' the body and hand position generally assumed during periods of Zen meditation) are not apart.

• この際、幾分前屈姿勢になるほか料理の上に頭を持っていくことにもなるため、日本人の中にはその食べ方を嫌う・（大袈裟に）犬食いだと評する向きもある。
• In this case, besides eating in a stooped position, they also bring their heads on the plate, therefore some of the Japanese people dislike Korean's way of eating and comment that they eat like a dog (exaggeratedly).

• だが、余りにも強硬な政治姿勢が人々に「恐怖政治」との反発を抱かせ、やがて赤松満祐により義教が暗殺された（嘉吉の乱）をきっかけに将軍の力は衰えた。
• But his mercilessly political stance caused a backlash among many, who harbored resentment against his 'reign of terror,' and in the end he was assassinated by Mitsusuke AKAMATSU (in the Kakitsu Rebellion), which led to a steep decline in shogunal power.

• ただし、これらの語義の違いは、背景となる自然に対する姿勢や歴史性はもちろんだが、たんに翻訳とニュアンスに留まるところが多いため同義とはいえない。
• However, these semantic differences are obviously due to the background view of nature and history, but because they are also largely due simply to translation and nuances, so these words are not synonymous.

• 日本の食文化では、背筋を伸ばして食器を手に持って口に近づける食事姿勢を良しとするマナーがあるため、背を曲げて口を食器に近づける姿勢は忌避される。
• In Japanese food culture, eating style that people hold dishes in their hands and bring dishes closer to their mouths with their back ramrod-straight are considered to be good manners, therefore, bending their back and bringing their faces closer to eating utensils is avoided.

• 他にも承久の乱に対する後鳥羽の姿勢が流布本にかかれる姿より消極的である、宇治合戦の記述がないなど、流布系と記事の内容が違う場面がいくつか見られる。
• You can see other differences from the popular edition; for example, Gotoba's attitude about the Jokyu Disturbance was described more passively, and there is no account of the battle of Uji in the Jiko-ji bon.

• ただ作戦・装備が劣る点を士気によって補おうとする姿勢は多くの犠牲を生むことになり、この戦乱の死傷者の多くは義和団あるいは清朝軍の兵士で占められた。
• However, morale could not compensate for underprepared battle operations and equipment, and this stance brought about great casualties; most of the dead and injured in this battle were Boxers or soldiers of the Qing dynasty.

• よって、国家に自力で自存・自立しなければ、国際法を利用することができないと考えられるようになり、以後改革に前向きな姿勢が導き出されるようになった。
• Therefore, people recognized the self-existence and independence were essential for a state to take advantage of international law, and reforms were promoted in a proactive manner.

• 生産に対する姿勢は両者の場合で異なり、前者においては生産も統制される場合があるが、後者においてはやや緩やかで生産奨励策が合わせて行われる場合もある。
• Both of them take different attitudes towards production, and the former can control the production but the latter can mildly encourage production at the same time.

• 介者剣術と呼ばれ、深く腰を落とした姿勢から目・首・脇の下・金的・内腿・手首といった、装甲の隙間となっている部位を突斬りで狙うようなスタイルであった。
• It was called Kaisha Kenjutsu and samurai involved tried to stab and cut, while in a bent-over posture, locations of gaps in armor such as the eyes, the neck, the armpit, kin-teki, the inner thigh and the wrists.

• 山ねこの馬車別当は、気を付けの姿勢で、しゃんと立っていましたが、いかにも、たばこのほしいのをむりにこらえているらしく、なみだをぼろぼろこぼしました。
• The wildcat's driver stood straight at attention, but it was obvious from the tears in his eyes how much he was fighting his desire for one of the cigarettes.

• さらに元号が永享に改元されても前年号の正長を使い続け、本来ならば将軍が決定する鎌倉五山の住職を勝手に取り決めるなど、幕府と対立する姿勢を見せ始めた。
• In addition, he continued to use the former era name, Shocho after the era name was changed to Eikyo, then assigned the chief priests of Kamakura Gozan Temples who were usually assigned by the Shogun; the behavior was to show his attitude against the bakufu.

• 綱吉のこうした儒学を重んじる姿勢は、新井白石・室鳩巣・荻生徂徠・雨森芳州・山鹿素行らの学者を輩出するきっかけにもなり、この時代、儒学が隆盛を極めた。
• Tsunayoshi's attitude of valuing Confucianism encouraged an increase in scholars such as Hakuseki ARAI, Kyuso MURO, Sorai OGYU, Hoshu AMENOMORI and Soko YAMAGA, with Confucianism reaching the peak of its prosperity at this time.

• 昭和に入ってから美濃部達吉や神社局 には神社崇敬を憲法上の臣民の義務ととらえる姿勢があったが、内務省の公式の憲法解釈として発せられることはなかった。
• In the Showa period, Tatsukichi MINOBE and the Bureau of Shinto shrines considered that shrine veneration was one of the constitutional duties of subjects, but it was not issued as a formal constitutional interpretation by the prewar Ministry of Home Affairs.

• それでも第1回衆議院議員総選挙においては41議席を獲得し（院内会派名としては議員集会所）、民力休養問題では地租軽減を支持して共闘の姿勢は崩さなかった。
• Even so, the party gained 41 seats in the first election for the House of Representatives, and continuously worked together with the Liberal party in favor of reducing land taxes to encourage the private sector.

• 五〇〇キログラム以上のペイロードを三〇〇キロメートル以上運搬することができるロケット又は無人航空機に使用するように設計した飛行制御装置又は姿勢制御装置
• Flight controllers or attitude controllers designed for use in a rocket or unmanned aerial vehicle capable of transporting payloads weighing 500 kilograms or more for 300 kilometers or more

• ただし、織田信長が仏教勢力に対して厳しい姿勢で臨んだとする史料のほとんどは、仏教勢力と対立関係にあったイエズス会のものであることに注意する必要がある。
• However, attention should be paid to the fact that most of the historical materials showing Nobunaga's severe attitude against Buddhist were described by the Society of Jesus which opposed Buddhism.

• だが、1893年頃から国民協会_(日本)と結んで対外硬路線を唱えて、現実路線に転じた自由党と対決姿勢を示し、星亨衆議院議長不信任問題で全面衝突に至った。
• However, around 1893 onwards, the party started to take the hard-line policy to tackle with foreign affairs, along with Kokumin Kyokai (National Association), and this conflicted with the Liberal party, who had shifted its position to a realistic stance, to lead a full scale confrontation by both parties, over a non-confident vote to Toru HOSHI, the chairman of the House of Representative.

• 1582年、信長が本能寺の変により横死すると、安土城にいた信長の妻子を保護し、父とともに居城・日野城（中野城）へ走って明智光秀に対して対抗姿勢を示した。
• In 1582, when Nobunaga was killed in the Honnoji Incident, he protected Nobunaga's wife and children in Azuchi Castle and retreated with his father to Hino Castle (Nakano Castle) where he was the lord, thereby indicating his opposition to Mitsuhide AKECHI.

• 天文 (元号)年間に鵯尾城が築城され、国信の嫡男武田高信が入ると弟の武田又三郎に鵯尾城を任せ、自らは鳥取城に入り守護山名豊数に対抗する様な姿勢を見せる。
• When Hiyodorio-jo Castle was constructed during the Tenmon era, Takanobu TAKEDA, the first son of Kuninobu, left Hiyodorio-jo Castle to his younger brother Matasaburo TAKEDA, entered Tottori-jo Castle and adopted a posture to confront shugo Toyokazu YAMANA.

• 修行者は型の練習を通じて、空手の基本的な技や姿勢を身につけるだけでなく、組手などへの実践応用に必要な空手独特の身体動作を身につけることができるとされる。
• It is said that through kata practitioners do not just master karate's basic skills and posture, but also acquire the body movements peculiar to karate--which is a prerequisite for the practical application of karate--such as kumite.

• この総合化の姿勢は、その『万善同帰集』にも見られるものであり、後世になって、「禅浄双修」「教禅一致」が提唱された時、延寿の著書が注目されることとなった。
• This stance on consolidating various sects was also detected in 'Manzen Dokishu' and, when 'Zenjo Soshu' (the Joint Practice of Zen and Pure Land) and 'Kyozen Icchi' (the Convergence of Zen and the Teachings) were advocated later on, the book written by Enju came to attract attention.

• さらにいえば、日本の砲艦外交的姿勢は無論朝鮮の屈服を促すものであったが、同時に日本国内の「征韓論」を唱える不平士族の溜飲を下げることも狙ったものであった。
• Moreover, the gunboat diplomatic attitude of Japan was of course an attempt at urging Korea to submit, but at the same time it aimed to appease the complaints of the former samurai class who advocated the policy of conquering Korea by military force.

• しかし、なおも義経支援の姿勢を改めなかったため、文治5年（1189年）3月に再度伊豆国へと配流されている（なおこの際、長男の宗長も同時に解官されている）。
• However, because he did not change his intention of supporting Yoshitsune, he was exiled once again to Izu Province in March of 1189 (at the same time, his eldest son, Munenaga, was also dismissed from his government position).

• 幕府は憲実を通じて鎌倉の動向を把握しようとしていた形跡が見られ、義教への対抗姿勢を続ける持氏と穏健派の憲実は確執が生じるようになっていたと考えられている。
• There is evidence that Bakufu tried to grasp movement of Kamakura through Norizane, and it is considered that there was a feud between Mochiuji who continuously took an attitude of confrontation against Yoshinori and a moderate Norizane.

• 考証学の基本姿勢は「実証的にものごとを分析すること」であり、そういう態度からすれば過去の模刻の姿勢はあまりにいい加減なものであり、批判すべき対象であった。
• The study of old documents was based on the 'empirical analysis approach,' and seen from this perspective, past approaches to mokoku were too irresponsible to avoid criticism.

• その強い姿勢は「西洋蛮人の侵犯に戦わない事は和議をする事であり、和議を主張することは売国行為である」と書かれた斥和碑を朝鮮各地に建てたことに窺うことができる。
• His firm attitude can be seen written on monuments which were erected throughout Korea, reading 'No fighting against encroachment of the Western barbarians means doing peace negotiations, and doing negotiations is selling our nation.'

• 前述のような学説は皇国史観の強い影響下に成ったものとする考えから、その反動として戦後の研究では、日本の出先機関が存在したことを否定しようとする姿勢が強かった。
• After the World War II, the studies strongly attempted to deny the existence of a regional office of Japan in the Korean Peninsula on the rebound because the above-mentioned theory was thought to have been born under the strong influence of Kokoku Shikan (emperor-centered historiography which is based on state Shinto).

• 対外対策では、林子平の蝦夷地対策を発禁処分として処罰し、漂流者大黒屋光太夫を届けたロシアのアダム・ラクスマンに対し交易を完全に拒絶するなど、強硬姿勢で臨んだ。
• In the field of foreign policy, he was a hawk, for he prohibited the sale of books written by Shihei HAYASHI about the need to protect 'Ezochi' from the Russian Empire and punished Shihei, and bluntly rejected the request for trade of Adam Kirillovich Laksman, the Russian who saw Kodayu DAIKOKUYA - Kodayu had been drifted away to Russia by accident - back to Japan.

• この点について私は、祝福を受けたるホスニ・ムバラク大統領とエジプト・アラブ共和国の同胞のみなさんの、その姿勢と努力に対して我々の感謝の意を表したいと思います。
• In this regard, I would like to express our appreciation of the position and efforts made by the blessed President, Husni Mubarak, and our other brothers in the Arab Republic of Egypt,

• 13世紀前半に幕府が制定した御成敗式目第32条は、盗賊・悪党の所領内隠匿を罪科と定めているが、幕府には積極的に悪党を鎮圧する姿勢は特に見られなかったのである。
• Article 32 of the Goseibai shikimoku (code of conduct for samurai), established by the bakufu in the early 13th century, specified that concealment of thieves and akuto in the territory was a crime, but bakufu was not active in suppressing the akuto.

• だが、こうした姿勢に貴族院の他会派からは「権力志向」と看做され、研究会の膨張に不満を抱く茶話会・同成会・公正会が連携してこれに対抗する姿勢を見せた（幸三派）。
• However, such an attitude was seen as 'power oriented' by other groups, and Sawakai, Doseikai and Koseikai, which were dissatisfied with the expansion of Kenkyukai, cooperated to counter it.

• 一方でアロー戦争後まで中国は中華思想に基づいた唯我独尊的外交姿勢を守り続け、国際法や条約といった近代的国際関係に不可欠な概念を積極的に取り込もうとはしなかった。
• On the other hand, China had maintained until the Arrow War its solipsistic diplomatic attitude based on Sinocentrism and would not adopt vital notions indispensable for modern international relation such as international law and treaty.

• 今まで現人神とされ、写真も「御真影」等と呼ばれていた天皇が、しかも肩の力を抜いた姿の元帥の隣に直立不動の姿勢で、普通に新聞に写っていることは国民の衝撃を呼んだ。
• The photograph of the Emperor, who was considered as Arahitogami and his photographs were called 'Goshin-ei' (honorific name for the photograph of the Emperor) and so on, standing straight without moving next to the relaxed General, placed commonly in newspapers shocked the common people.

• 桂はこの事態を乗り切るために外交では日英同盟を締結してロシア帝国との対決姿勢を強め、内政では伊藤博文を枢密院議長に祭り上げて政友会総裁を辞めさせることに成功した。
• In order to weather that crisis, Katsura took a more clearly adversarial stand against the Russian Empire by concluding the Anglo-Japanese Alliance; he also succeeded in having Hirobumi ITO resigning his position as the president of the (Rikken) Seiyu party by kicking him up to chairman of the Privy Council.

• また、九州の大友氏、関東の後北条氏、東北の伊達氏などは信長に恭順する姿勢を見せており、このまま順調にいけば、織田政権による天下統一はほぼ達成されるとみられていた。
• The Otomo clan in Kyushu, the Gohojo clan in Kanto, and the Date clan in Tohoku also signaled their allegiance, so the Oda Government was expected to unify the whole country if things went well.

• のちには大名庭園においても一部用いられたが戦前には西洋から導入された抽象美学・芸術が日本の土着の抽象芸術を模索する姿勢をつくりだし、その視点から注目されていった。
• Later, this was partially used in gardens of feudal lords (daimyos), however, abstraction aesthetics and art introduced from the West during the prewar days produced a posture that gropes for the abstract native art of Japan, and attention was focused from this perspective.

• 後継者の宗盛は院政再開を認めて後白河に恭順する姿勢を見せる一方で、平氏の存立基盤である軍事・警察権は断固として手放さず、後白河の宥和策を退けて東国追討を続行した。
• Kiyomori's successor, Munemori, showed his stance to obey Goshirakawa by agreeing to reopening of the cloister government, but, on the other hand, he did not give up definite military and police authority, which was the basis of existence of the Taira clan, and continued subjugation of the eastern Provinces, refusing Goshirakawa's appeasement policy.

• 嫡男に六角義賢の一字　賢の字を偏諱として受けさせ、「賢政」と名乗らせたりその妻に六角氏家臣平井定武の娘を娶らせるなど、六角氏に対しては徹底した従属的姿勢をとった。
• Hisamasa persistently showed a subordinate posture to the Rokkaku clan by taking in part of Yoshikata ROKKAKU's name, 'taka (賢),' into his heir's name as 'Takamasa (賢政),' in addition to his marriage with a daughter of Sadatake HIRAI, a vassal of the Rokkaku clan.

• 未だに上洛を引き延ばす氏政の姿勢に業を煮やした秀吉は、氏政の上洛・出仕の拒否を豊臣家への従属拒否であるとみなし、12月23日、諸大名に正式に追討の陣触れを発した。
• On the other hand, Hideyoshi, who was frustrated with the delayed visit by Ujimasa, regarded Ujimasa's attitude not to visit and serve Hideyoshi as the rejection of the subordination to the Toyotomi family; issued a formal order to those daimyo to search out and destroy Ujimasa on December 23 (old calendar).

• 対外対策では、林子平の蝦夷地対策を発禁処分として処罰し、漂流者大黒屋光太夫を送り届けたロシアのアダム・ラクスマンの通商要求を完全に拒絶するなど、強硬な姿勢で臨んだ。
• He took strong foreign policies, for example, the punishment of Shihei HAYASHI for his opinion about measures toward Ezo by banning his book, and the flat refusal to Adam Laksman who requested commerce with Russia while brought back a castaway, Kodayu DAIKOKUYA.

• 外国人宣教師たちは、宗教的信念と戦勝国に属しているという傲岸さが入り交じった姿勢で中国社会に臨み、その慣行を無視することが多く、しばしば地域の官僚・郷紳と衝突した。
• The foreign missionaries dealt with Chinese society with an attitude of missionary belief and the arrogance of those belonging to a winning nation, and they often ignored customs, leading to frequent clashes with local bureaucracy and Kyoshin (Chinese gentry).

• そして次の大統領盧武鉉は天皇という称号が世界的かどうか確認していないため「天皇」と「日王」どちらを用いるべきか準備ができていないと従来の方針を転換する姿勢を示した。
• And the next President Moo-Hyun ROH showed an attitude to convert the former policy because they were not prepared to decide to use either 'Tenno' or 'Nichio' for they did not confirm whether the title Tenno was used worldwide.

• 日蓮の法華経に対する純粋な姿勢も、室町時代に入ると宗派が勢力を拡大していく過程の中で、他宗派との妥協や他宗派の信者からの施しを平気で受けるなど、次第に変質していった。
• During the Muromachi period, while expanding its influence, the attitudes of the believers of the Nichiren sect had gradually deviated from the founder's pure belief in the Hokekyo, and the Nichiren followers started to compromise with other sects or to receive offerings from the believers of other sects without hesitation.

• 当初頑なだったプロシア側も、奕訢が新任のプロシア公使との接見を拒絶するなど、清朝が強硬姿勢を示すと折れ、1500ポンドの賠償金を支払い、拿捕したベルギー船を解放している。
• Prussia took a severe attitude at first, but changed it after the Qing dynasty took a tough stance and Grand Prince Yixin rejected a meeting with new minister of Prussia, then Prussia paid 1,500 pounds of reparation and released the Belgian vessels.

• 一本とは全日本剣道連盟によれば、「充実した気勢、適正な姿勢を持って、竹刀の打突部（弦の反対側の物打ちを中心とした刃部）で打突部位を刃筋正しく打突し、残心あるもの」である。
• According to the All Japan Kendo Federation, Ippon means 'a stroke or thrust a contender properly makes with strong fervor and proper posture on a targeted part of the opponent's body with the proper part of blade of a bamboo sword (main part of blade on the opposite side of the bowstring-shape side) and has preparedness against the opponent's counterattack.'

• 下賀茂神社に自らの蔵書を奉納したときの目録である「蓼倉文庫蔵書目録」には経学・史学を中心に3,386部（11,252巻）が記され、菘翁が学問を重視していた姿勢が窺われる。
• In 'the list of book collection in Tadekura Library,' which was a list of his books dedicated to Shimogamo-jinja Shrine, 3,386 books (11,252 volumes), centering on keigaku and history, were listed, which shows Suo emphasized the learning.

• この頃にはロシアの進出などの国際的状況においてイギリスの外交姿勢は軟化を示していたが、1891年（明治24年）の大津事件で青木が辞任に追い込まれた結果、中断を余儀なくされた。
• This time the diplomatic attitude of England was softened under the international circumstances such as the advance of Russia, but AOKI was forced to resign due to the Otsu Incident in 1891 and the negotiation was interrupted.

• 時代が下って鹿児島県の城山公園に建てられた銅像が、陸軍大将の正装で直立不動の姿勢であるのは、西郷の名誉回復という観点からすれば、未亡人が本来期待した銅像の姿に近いといえよう。
• The times changed, and the statue that was erected at Shiroyama Park in Kagoshima Prefecture portrays him standing at attention in the full dress of a full general, which is the statue that his wife was originally expected to see from the point of view of the restoration of Saigo's Honor.

• 長州藩は江戸期全体を通して表向きは幕府に恭順の姿勢をとる普通の藩として存在していたが、毎年正月には幕府への怨恨を確かめる儀式を執り行っていたと伝えられる（確たる証拠はない）。
• Throughout the Edo period, the Choshu clan superficially existed as a normal clan that assumed an attitude of obedience toward Bakufu; however, it is said that with each new year it conducted a ceremony to confirm its hard feelings against Bakufu (although no decisive evidence exists).

• その際、大政所の世話役を任された重次は、大政所を粗略に扱い、大政所のいる建物の周辺に薪を大量に積みあげ、もし上方で家康の身に変事があればただちに大政所を焼き殺す姿勢を見せた。
• On this occasion, Shigetsugu who was entrusted to take care of Omandokoro treated her crudely, and by stacking up firewood around her building, he threatened to burn her to death if something had happened to Ieyasu in Kyoto.

• スター中心の映画製作であっても、あくまでも「まず映画ありき」の姿勢で臨み、吉永小百合は後に「一番恐い監督でした」と語るなど、その演出姿勢は変わらず厳しいものであったとされる。
• It is said that even in a film centering a star, he kept the stance that 'the film comes first' and actress Sayuri YOSHINAGA later said, 'he was the severest director.'

• 清盛の強硬姿勢に驚いた法皇は、静憲（信西の子）を使者として今後は政務に介入しないことを申し入れたため、一時は関白父子の解任で法皇と清盛が和解するのではないかという観測も流れた。
• The cloistered emperor was surprised by the firm attitude of Kiyomori, and used the Joken (the son of Shinzei) as the messenger, and said that he would not interfere with political duties hence forwards, and it was interpreted that the dismissal of Kanpaku father and son from their posts made the cloistered emperor and Kiyomori reconcile temporarily.

• こうした西欧を指標として日本との落差を計測する姿勢の背後には、一国の文明化・強国化の要件として国民一人 々 の知識獲得や文化程度の向上を求める単線的な発展史観があったのである。
• On the background of such attitude to judge the gap between Western Europe and Japan from the standard of Western Europe, there was a single-track historical view of development which demands individual's acquisition of knowledge and improvement of culture standard, as the requirements for civilization and enhancement of national power.

• 我々はまた、ヨーロッパ、ロシア、国連のみなさんの姿勢、そして同様に、イスラエルと並存するパレスチナ国家を樹立をするという、ブッシュ大統領の決断にも感謝を申し述べたいと思います。
• We also appreciate the positions of Europe, Russia and the UN, as well as, the determination of President Bush to establish the State of Palestine, side by side with Israel.

• 元が最初に送った国書であるが、これに関しては東洋史学者は概ね他の歴代中国王朝の国書と比べて驚くほど低姿勢であると見ているのに対して、日本史学者は高圧的と見る傾向にあると言われる。
• Concerning the first letter sent by the Yuan Dynasty, most scholars of eastern history think that it is surprisingly polite compared to letters by other Chinese dynasties, but scholars of Japanese history are said to have a tendency to see it as authoritative.

• だが、この年には実際には宮中のみに留まったものの医学の禁止を命じるなど、保守的な姿勢は崩さなかった（もっとも、遺品として時計が残るなど、西洋文明を全く否定していたわけではない）。
• But there was yet a conservative movement such as the prohibition on studying medicine, although such a movement was kept within the Imperial palace. (Of course western culture was not totally denied, as you can see there was a wristwatch left in the Imperial Palace.)

• ほとんどの人には端末が不足してたんだけれど、教授たちはほとんどみんなオフィスの中に専用端末を持ってて、これは資源の無駄なんだけれど、連中の姿勢からすればまあありがちなことだよね。
• There was a shortage of terminals for most people, but a lot of the professors had terminals of their own in their offices, which was wasteful, but typical of their attitude.

• 同年、信長が堺に対して矢銭二万貫を課した際、会合衆たちが三好氏の力を背景に徹底抗戦の姿勢を見せたのに対し、宗久はこの要求を受け入れるよう信長と会合衆の仲介を行い、これに成功する。
• In the same year (1568), when Nobunaga imposed Yasen (war funds) of 20,000 kan on Sakai, Egoshu (wealthy merchants who led self-governing organizations) with backing of the Miyoshi clan, displayed do-or-die resistance, but Sokyu persuaded them to accept Nobunaga's demand and succeeded in mediating that conflict between Nobunaga and the Egoshu.

• こうした後醍醐の姿勢は皇位継承問題をきっかけとして幕府の得宗専制と衝突することとなり、1324年（正中 (元号)1）、後醍醐の蜂起計画が露呈し、側近の公家が処罰された（正中の変）。
• Godaigo's attempt to achieve political reform was motivated by a desire to avoid problems regarding the imperial succession, but this created conflict with the Tokuso autocracy of the bakufu, and in 1324 Godaigo's plan to lead an uprising was revealed, and the kuge who served as his close advisers were punished (Shochu Disturbance).

• さらに『景德傳燈錄』に載せる、慧能の弟子の南嶽懐譲（677年 - 744年）とさらにその弟子の馬祖道一（709年 - 788年）の逸話によって坐禅に対する禅宗の姿勢が明らかとなる。
• In addition, the episode Nangaku Ejo (677 - 744), a disciple of Eno, and his disciple Baso Doitsu (709 - 788) in 'Keitoku Dento Roku' (Transmission of the Lamp) made the position of the Zen sect against mediation clear.

• 必ずしも全ての椀や皿を食事の際に口元に運ばない食文化の上で、食器に顔を突っ込まんばかりに前屈する犬食い姿勢が推奨されているわけでもなく、皿などに口を直接つけることも避けられている。
• It is not necessarily the case that Inugui, eat in a stooped position as if they put their heads into the food, is recommended in food culture where people don't bring bowls and plates to their mouths when they eat, and putting their mouths directly to plates and other utensils is also avoided.

• また、日本貨物鉄道の大阪貨物ターミナル駅は新幹線貨物輸送で大阪府側の貨物取扱駅として用意されていた土地を転用したものといわれており、可能ならば実用化しようという姿勢自体は見られた。
• It is also said that the Osaka cargo terminal station of the Japan Freight Railway Company is located at the site where the cargo-handling station on the Osaka Prefecture side of the cargo Shinkansen line should have been placed, at least showing the posture that such a cargo transportation system should have been introduced if possible.

• ただし皇太子の負傷に関しては、皇帝も皇太子も日本の迅速な処置や謝罪に対して寛容な態度を示しており、日本がこの問題を無事解決できた理由の一つにロシアの友好的な姿勢があることは疑いない。
• As for the injury of Nicholas, the Russian Emperor had a forgiving attitude following Japan's prompt actions and apology, and there is no doubt that this warm attitude of Russia helped Japan solve this difficult problem.

• 尼子晴久は自分の娘を為清に嫁がせ、三沢氏の懐柔を図った上で、更には横田荘の三沢氏領地や砂鉄産地・たたら製鉄場を取り上げ直轄化するなど、経久に比べて強硬的な姿勢で三沢氏と統治している。
• Haruhisa AMAGO controlled the Misawa clan with an attitude which was much tougher than Tsunehisa, by bringing the Yokota manor, the areas where iron sand could be obtained, and tatara iron making sites, under his direct control after marrying off his daughter to Tamekiyo MISAWA with the intention of winning the Misawa clan over to his side.

• 考古学的な研究についても、研究そのものに朝鮮人の参画が認められていなかったこともあり、まず任那日本府の解釈に沿って日本府を合理的に説明しようとする姿勢から抜け切ることができなかった。
• Japanese archaeological study also failed in the first place to completely get rid of the inclination to rationalize the existence of Mimana Nihon-fu in accordance with such interpretaion, partly because Koreans were prohibited from participating in the study.

• 犬食い（いぬぐい）とは、日本の食文化の上で「犬のように食事を食べる」状態を指し、テーブル上にある食器に盛られた料理に、極端な前屈姿勢で顔（口）を突っ込まんばかりに近づけて食べること。
• Inugui refers that 'people eat like a dog' in Japanese food culture and means that people move their faces (mouths) closer to the meal on the table in an extreme stooped position, and eat them as if they put their heads into the food.

• だが、朝倉氏の煮え切らない戦略姿勢が信長の息の根を止めなかったために、西上作戦を発動させた武田信玄の病没で最大の好機を逸してしまうと、浅井氏などの反攻勢力は織田軍の大反攻に晒される。
• However, the Asakura clan's indecisive strategy failed to eliminate Nobunaga, and after they lost the greatest opportunity due to the death by disease of Shingen TAKEDA, who had launched the Westing Operation against Nobunaga, the resistance forces, including the Azai clan, were exposed to the Oda army's large-scale counterattack.

• 源五郎沢堆積場崩壊事故後の毛里田地区鉱毒根絶期成同盟会との交渉については（それ以前から鉱毒問題に関しては）、「つねに前向きの姿勢で対処してきた」（『創業100年史』より）と述べている。
• And Furukawa (according to 'History of 100 Years of Business from Foundation') 'had always, on the company's own motion, faced with' the negotiations with the Mining Pollution Eradication Association in Morita after the Gengorozawa accumulation site had collapsed (and they say that since before the negotiation, they had been facing with the mining pollution.)

• 関東地方の後北条氏、東北地方の伊達氏は信長に恭順する姿勢を見せており、これで信長の目の前に立ちはだかる敵は、中国地方の毛利氏、四国の長宗我部氏、北陸地方の上杉氏、九州の島津氏となった。
• The Gohojo clan in the Kanto Region and the Date clan in the Tohoku Region signaled their allegiance to Nobunaga and, as a result, enemies that stood in Nobunaga's way were the Mori clan in the Chugoku Region, the Chosokabe clan in the Shikoku Region, the Uesugi clan in the Hokuriku Region and the Shimazu clan in Kyushu.

• コミュニケーションや、とどのつまり、技術者でない人達と触れ合う手段としては、技術的なバックグラウンド（さもなくば少なくとも技術者的姿勢）を必要とするジョークに頼らないようにしましょう。
• Try not to depend on jokes that require an engineering background (or at least an engineer's attitude) as a means of communication or bonding with people who aren't, in the end, here to be engineers.

• このため、大正7年と12年の改定では閣議に提出して同意を求め、昭和11年の改定では外務大臣 (日本)に意見を求めて整合性のある仮想敵策定を行うなど、軍側から政府へと歩み寄る姿勢も見せた。
• Therefore, in the revision in 1918 and in 1923, the military submitted the policy to the Cabinet and requested the agreement, and in the revision in 1936, it showed willingness to compromise with the government to formulate a coherent imagined enemy based on the opinion from the Minister for Foreign Affairs.

• 伏見上皇も自分の息子である後伏見天皇を無理やり皇位から降ろさせた後宇多天皇（亀山法皇の子で後二条天皇・尊治親王の父、当時院政を行っていた）への反感から、これに同意する姿勢を幕府に伝えた。
• Since the Retired Emperor Fushimi told the bakufu that he would support them, as he was frustrated with Emperor Gouda (the Cloistered Emperor Kameyama's son, and Emperor Gonijo and Imperial Prince Takaharu's father, he was ruling the cloistered government at that time) who forced his son, Emperor Gofushimi to abdicate from the throne.

• こうした唐の姿勢に対抗しようとして、高句麗の宝蔵王の庶子である安勝が残存勢力とともに新羅に亡命してきたのを利用し、金馬渚（全羅北道益山市）に住まわせて670年8月に高句麗王として封じた。
• To oppose such a posture of Tang, Silla used Anseung, an illegitimate child of King Bojang of Goguryeo, who escaped to Silla with their remaining forces, by allowing him to live in Kinbasho (Iksan City, North Jeolla Province) to achieve a dominance relationship with him regarded as King of Goguryeo in August 670.

• 結果から言えば「妻妾論論争」は、夫婦間の私的な空間における男女平等については積極的な問題提起をしたが、公的な空間における政治的・社会的な男女同権については消極的姿勢に甘んじたと言って良い。
• As a result, it can be said that 'a dispute on wives and concubines' raised questions about the equal between men and women at a private space between husband and wife, but that it was passive against the equal of political and social rights between men and women.

• 姿勢方位基準装置（ジンバル方式のものを除く。）、慣性航法装置その他の慣性装置を使用するためのプログラム（ソースコードのものに限る。）又はそのプログラムの設計に必要な技術（プログラムを除く。）
• Programs for using an attitude direction reference system (excluding those using the gimbal method), inertial navigation systems, and other inertial systems (limited to those with source code) or technology (excluding programs) necessary for the design of those programs

• 景勝が家老の直江兼続と図って徳川家康に敵対する姿勢を見せ始めると、信吉は景勝に思いとどまるように諫言すると同時に、大坂に上坂して家康に「上杉氏に敵対の意思は無い」と懸命に両家の融和に努めた。
• When Kagekatsu began to show a confrontational attitude towards Ieyasu TOKUGAWA with the chief retainer Kanetsugu NAOE, Nobuyoshi advised Kagekatsu to avoid a conflict with Ieyasu, and also visited Osaka to inform Ieyasu 'The Uesugi clan is not hostile to you,' making efforts to integrate them.

• 特に平田篤胤出身の官員は強くそれを主張したが、当時権勢を振るっていた津和野藩出身の福羽美静は新時代の祭政一致のモデルは天皇宮中祭祀にあるとし、八神殿の復興に対しては消極的な姿勢をとっていた。
• In particular, officers influenced by Atsutane HIRATA strongly advocated the construction, but Bisei FUKUBA of the Tsuwano Clan was reluctant to restore the Hasshinden, saying that a model for the unity of religion and state in the modern era was to conduct religious rituals in the imperial palace.

• 政友会の幹部は桂との対抗関係を強調し、西園寺も表向きはその姿勢を見せていたが、桂に「君と僕とにて国家を背負ふて立とうではないか」と言うほどポスト元老世代である2人の政治的な関係は良好であった。
• The executive staff of Seiyu-kai Party emphasized their rivalry, and on the surface Saionji maintained such a position, but he also said to Katsura, 'let you and I stand up and lead the nation,' and there was a good political relationship between the two who both belonged to the post-Genro generation.

• 日蓮の法華経に対する純粋な姿勢も、南北朝時代 (日本)の戦乱や室町時代に入ると宗派が勢力を拡大していく過程の中で、他宗派との妥協や他宗派の信者からの施しを平気で受けるなど、次第に変質していった。
• Nichiren's pure worship of Hoke-kyo (Lotus Sutra) gradually changed as the wars continued during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) and other sects expanded their influence during the Muromachi period; he compromised with other sects and did not hesitate to receive charity from believers of other sects.

• 日本では、様々な地域の料理が供されてるにも関わらず、特定の地域の料理のみを供する飲食店（専門店）を除けば、やはり椀や丼などの食器を手に持つことが多く、一方で前屈姿勢で食べることは忌避されている。
• Although a variety of food from a variety of regions are provided in Japan, excluding eating places (specialty restaurant) which provide meals of specific regions, they still often hold eating utensils such as rice bowl or china bowl, on the other hand, they avoid eating in a stooped position.

• 奴隷貿易を未然に防いだとされるこの事件では、日本の姿勢を批判するペルー政府が「万国公法」に則って賠償を求めたが、日本側も「万国公法に拠」って反論し、最終的にロシアに仲介斡旋を依頼することとなった。
• The Incident was considered to be a successful case that forestalled slave trade, when Peruvian government claimed compensation on 'Bankoku Koho' against Japan, Japan side countered 'based on Bankoku Koho' and finally requested Russia to play mediation role.

• 天台宗に密教の要素を取り入れ、新たな宗派としての地位を高めようとしていた最澄にとって、泰範・空海との訣別により孤立感が深まったことで、南都諸宗に対してより敵対的な姿勢に駆り立てられたともいわれる。
• Saicho tried to heighten the status of new religious school by incorporating the elements of Mikkyo into Tendai sect, but allegedly the break with Taihan and Kukai deepened his isolation and drove him to be more antagonistic towards Nanto sects.

• 一通り客への挨拶を終えた後、役者は舞台上手に特設された黒御簾の中の河東節連中に向かって、ひれ伏すような低姿勢で「それでは河東節御連中様、なにとぞお始め下されましょう」と最大の敬語表現で呼びかける。
• After the announcement to the spectators, the actor, with a humble attitude, calls to the Katobushi chorus who are behind the black bamboo curtain set up at the right of the stage from the spectators' viewpoint especially for the play, 'Please start' using the most polite expressions.

• もし参内の功労で通任が叙位されれば、為任の功績をもって通任が賞を受けることとなり、「伊賀の人が（大国の格式を持つとされた）伊勢の人と偽るようなものだ（然伊賀人借伊勢人歟）」と天皇の姿勢を批判した。
• If Michito had been conferred a court rank for his service in sending Seishi to the Imperial Palace, it would have meant that Michito was rewarded for Tameto's achievements, and therefore Michinaga criticized the emperor's stance, saying 'it would be like the people of Iga pretending to be the people of Ise' (which was considered to have the social status of a big province).

• そして私は、チュニジア、ヨルダン、シリアの同胞のみなさん、そして南はイエメンそしてスーダンから、東はオマーンそしてイラクまでの他のアラブ同胞のみなさんの姿勢にも重ねて感謝を申し上げたいと思います。
• I would like, as well, to appreciate the positions of the brothers in Tunisia, Jordan, Syria and the other Arab brothers from Yemen and the Sudan in the south to Oman and the Iraq to the east.

• 義昭と信長の対立が表面化すると使者として両者の仲介に奔走したが、元亀4年（1573年）3月に義昭が挙兵するとこれを諫めて聞き入れられなかったため、軍勢を率いて上洛した信長を出迎えて恭順の姿勢を示した。
• As the conflict between Yoshiaki and Nobunaga began to surface, he worked hard to intercede with both of them, but in March 1573, after his admonitions to Yoshiaki against taking arms fell on deaf ears, he welcomed the entry of Nobunaga's army into Kyoto and signaled his allegiance to him.

• 翌年の娍子参内の行賞として娍子の兄の藤原通任を叙任しようとした際に、道長は本来は長年娍子の後見をしたのは長兄の藤原為任であるとして通任を叙位しようとした天皇の姿勢を批判して、最終的に為任を昇進させた。
• The following year, upon investiture of Seishi's older brother, FUJIWARA no Michito'o, as a reward for visiting Seishi at the Imperial Palace, Michinaga criticized the Emperor for rewarding Michito'o saying that under normal circumstances the eldest brother, FUJIWARA no Tameto'o, would be the who had the guardianship of Seishi, and in the end he had the Emperor promote Tameto'o.

• 安勝を高句麗王に封じたことで唐からは叱責されたが、新羅は却って旧百済領域の支配をめぐって唐との対抗姿勢を明確にし、671年には泗沘の占領と所夫里州の設置を初めとして、次々に旧百済領域を奪取していった。
• Although Tang rebuked Silla for having Anseung as the King of Goguryeo, Silla clearly showed its posture opposing to Tang over the domination of the former Baekje territory, and in 671, Silla wrested the former Baekje areas one after another starting with occupation of Sabi and establishment of 所夫里州 Prefecture.

• その後暫くは、頼綱は追加法を頻繁に出すなど手続きを重視した政治運営を行っていたが、1287年（弘安10年）に、征夷大将軍源惟康が立親王して惟康親王となった時期に政治姿勢を一変させ、恐怖政治へと邁進した。
• For a while afterwards, Yoritsuna carried out politics focusing on procedures, for example, frequent submission of additional laws, but in 1287, at the time when Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') MINAMOTO no Koreyasu was given the title of Imperial Prince and became Imperial Prince Koreyasu, Yoritsuna changed his attitude toward politics suddenly and worked toward a reign of terror.

• 法華宗各派における折伏に対する姿勢の違いを見ていくと、身延系（日蓮宗など）では折伏・摂受の二門の状況に応じた使い分けを強調するのに対し、富士系（日蓮正宗など）では、あくまでも折伏を宗祖の正意としている。
• Examining the differences of attitudes toward shakubuku by different schools of Hokkeshu sect, we find that Minobu group (Nichirenshu sect, etc.) emphasizes the separate use of shakubuku and shoju as the situation demands, while Fuji group (Nichiren Shoshu sect, etc.) absolutely considers shakubuku the true intent of the soso (the founder of a religious sect).

• 信孝、成政と縁故が深い側室の子とすると、豊臣政権時代の冷遇、江戸開幕後に高家に取り立てられ厚遇されたことの説明がつく（佐々成政は秀吉の覇権確立期にはさらさら峠越えなど、家康に接近する姿勢を取っていた）。
• If he were a son of a concubine related deeply to Nobutaka(信孝) and Narimasa, it would be explained why he had suffered an indignity in the Toyotomi government period and he had been treated very well as Koke (master of ceremony in Edo bukufu) after the foundation of the Edo bakufu (Narimasa SASSA was approaching Ieyasu in ways such as Sarasara Toge Goe (over the Sarasara Pass) in the period of hegemonic establishment of Hideyoshi).

• 勝俣鎮夫は道三から義竜への家督譲渡の背景には、実はこうした残酷な道三の姿勢に不満を抱いた重臣達によって義竜を擁した政変が引き起こされて、道三はそれによって当主の座を追われたにすぎないとする説を唱えている。
• Shizuo KATSUMATA expresses the following opinion regarding Yoshitatsu's succession to Dosan's family: Dosan's ruthless behavior caused dissatisfaction among his leading retainers, who, in turn, instigated a political change that supported Yoshitatsu, and as a result, Dosan was merely driven out of his position as the head of the clan.

• 法第九十一条第一項の国土交通省令で定める曲技飛行は、宙返り、横転、反転、背面、きりもみ、ヒップストールその他航空機の姿勢の急激な変化、航空機の異常な姿勢又は航空機の速度の異常な変化を伴う一連の飛行とする。
• The acrobatic flights prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in paragraph (1) of Article 91 of the Act shall be the loop, roll, turn, inversion, screw dive, hip stall and other flights that involve sudden change in direction and speed.

• 戊辰戦争の際には、すでに鳥羽伏見の戦いの時点で薩摩藩兵とともに東寺や大津を守備するなど、最初から勤王の姿勢を示しており、近藤勇を逮捕する手柄を立てるなど実戦での功績も評価され、賞典禄2万石を与えられている。
• From the beginning of the Boshin War, the Ii Family showed their loyalty to the Emperor by guarding To-ji Temple and the town of Otsu with soldiers of the Satsuma clan at the Battle of Toba-Fushimi and, having achieved great success with the arrest of Isami KONDO, were rewarded with territory worth 20,000 koku.

• こういった重要権限の「中央集権」化は総本山の指揮統制を離れる「単立本山」の成立を許さない姿勢の表れであり、地元の住職が独自に文字曼荼羅本尊を書写し親しい信徒に下賜することもある身延系の日蓮宗とは対照的である。
• These 'centralization' of important powers shows the prohibition of 'independent honzan' beyond the control of sohonzan, in contrast to the Minobu schools of Nichiren Sect, where the local chief priest himself makes a written copy of the principle image of Monji Mandala (mandala depicted Buddha in Chinese characters, scriptures, and so on) and gives away copies to his close believers.

• このように圧倒的な権力基盤を背景にして徳川将軍家を頂点に君臨させ、全国の諸大名・朝廷・天皇家を「生かさず殺さず、逆らえば（もしくはその危険があるならば）潰す」の姿勢で支配したのが家康の築いた江戸幕府であった。
• It was the Ieyasu-established Edo bakufu that, placing the Tokugawa shogun family at its pinnacle of the reign based on its overwhelming power base, controlled daimyo throughout the nation, the Imperial court, and the emperor's family in the posture of 'Do not make them live nor kill them, and abolish a family if it resisted the bakufu (or was dangerous for the bakufu).'

• つまりその雇い主、作業員に対する姿勢ができる限り最小の賃金から彼等に莫大な仕事の量を得ようとするものだという雇い主が、作業員に対するより進歩的な手段が彼等により高い給料を払うことだとわからせられるかもしれない。
• that some employers, whose attitude toward their workmen has been that of trying to get the largest amount of work out of them for the smallest possible wages, may be led to see that a more liberal policy toward their men will pay them better;

• これらの事業により、仏教に関連するものが多く発掘されたことから、これまで仏教に対して厳しい姿勢を取っていたと思われていた信長が実はかなり寛容であり、単に宗教と軍事とを分離しようとしていただけという説も出始めている。
• A lot of relics relating to the Buddhism were excavated by these projects, which established a new theory that in fact, Nobunaga was quite tolerant toward Buddhism and only tried to separate religion and military affairs, although he had long been believed to be strict in Buddhism.

• 経宗は後白河上皇に対して「太上天皇与正帝無差別」（『兵範記』嘉応元年（1169年）12月15日条）と表明して恭順の姿勢を示し、平氏に対しても平重盛の妻・藤原経子と重盛の子・平宗実を猶子とするなど親密な関係を築いた。
• Tsunemune showed a signal of allegiance to the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa saying 'There should be no difference between the retired emperor and the emperor' (Article for December 15, 1169 in 'Heihanki'(diary of TAIRA no Nobuyori)) and, with the Taira clan, he established a close connection, for example, by adopting TAIRA no Munezane, who was the son of TAIRA no Shigemori and his wife, FUJIWARA no Keishi.

• 個別の国司苛政上訴事案を観察すると、訴えられた国司らは、慣例で免除されていた税目を法令どおりに課税したり、当時よく発令された天皇代替わり新制に伴う地方税制に則った課税を行ったりと、彼らの遵法的な行政姿勢が見て取れる。
• Examining individual cases of Kokushi kasei joso, we can find law-abiding administrative stances of the sued Kokushi; some legally levied tax items not collected by customs or others levied local taxes, often collected in those days under a new system by the change of the emperors.

• 気骨のある誠実な人物で、文永3年（1266年）7月3日、宗尊親王の更迭をめぐる騒動の際には多くの近臣が親王を見捨てて将軍御所から逃げ出す中、忠景ら数名のみが御所に残留し、その姿勢を『北条九代記』などに評価されている。
• He had a firm character and was faithful; when a rebellion happened on the recall of Imperial Prince Munetaka on August 11, 1266, many trusted vassals escaped from Shogun's palace leaving the Imperial Prince, whereas only Tadakage and a small number of people stayed in Shogun's palace; this attitude of him is written in 'Hojo kudaiki' (Records of nine generations of the Hojo clan) as being valuable.

• しかし英国が日本寄りの姿勢だった事もあり、イギリスの国際法の権威、ジョン・ウェストレーキおよびトーマス・アースキン・ホランド博士によって国際法に則った処置であることがタイムズ紙を通して伝わると、英国の世論も沈静化する。
• However, public opinion cooled down because of the British stance in favor of Japan allowed the Times to carry opinions of experts of International Law, Doctors John Westlake and Thomas Erskine Holland, that Japan took measures following International law.

• 加えて、いくつかの事例には和歌山県が関与している他、国の緊急地域雇用創出特別基金事業の下で行われた県の公共事業「緑の雇用事業」の一環であるものもあるなど、行政当局の遺産保護に対する姿勢や「縦割り」の弊害を問う声があがっている。
• The attitude of administrative authorities on the protection of heritage or the adverse effect caused by 'vertically-segmented administrative system' are questioned in that Wakayama Prefecture is involved in some cases, and some projects were conducted as a part of Prefectural projects, 'Green Employment Project' under special subsidy for emergency regional employment creation of the nation.

• その中で己が権益には強い姿勢を見せながらも、将軍家を尊重する姿勢は一貫して崩さなかった三好長慶を排除すればどうなるかすら予見し得なかった義輝は、図らずも程なく長慶が病没する事によって、以前の試みの帰結を知る事となったのである。
• Unable to foresee the consequences of the ousting of Nagayoshi MIYOSHI who, although firmly insistent on his own interests, had never deviated from the posture of respecting the Shogun family, Yoshiteru happened to learn from the soon succumbing of Nagayo

• 一方で、林野庁は花粉症対策の重点をスギの選択的な間伐に求めてきたが、2006年、花粉の抑制効果について誤解を招く発表をしていたことがマスコミの指摘により明らかになり、従来からの植え替えに消極的な姿勢に疑問が持たれることもあった。
• On the other hand, the Forestry Agency focused its pollinosis countermeasures on the selective felling Japanese cedar trees but in 2006 the media brought to light an announcement that caused misunderstanding regarding the suppressive effect on pollen, and there is doubt surrounding the passive stance toward conventional transplantation.

• これは、御家人及びその一族郎党が惣領を中心とした族的結合（惣領制）と財政基盤（御家人領）の維持していく姿勢に基づくもので、惣領もしくは親の指示に従わず統率を外れるものを幕府への奉公の実行に対する障害とみなして排する意図があった。
• This was based on the bakufu's commitment to maintaining a soryo (heir)-led family oriented relationship among shogunal retainers and their families and retainers (soryo system) and the financial base (territories of shogunal retainers), and was intended to exclude those who disobeyed orders from soryo or parents and who got away from discipline as obstacles to service to the bakufu.

• 近代国際法は「理念」として万国平等を謳いながら、現実では非西欧諸国を差別する国際秩序を支えており、こうした「理念」と現実との落差に対し、やがて失望とシニカルな感想、そして理念よりも国力を重視する姿勢が出てくることは自然であった。
• Under modern international law, the equality of nations was referred to as 'principle' but the thought supported international order that discriminated non-western Europe countries, therefore it was natural that some people were disappointed about the difference between the 'principle' and reality, became cynical and put more value on national power than principle.

• しかし、日本海軍の積極的な姿勢と占領した膠州湾租借地と南洋諸島の利権確保のため、1917年2月7日から順次日本海軍第一特務艦隊をインド洋、喜望峰方面、第二特務艦隊を地中海、第三特務艦隊を南太平洋、オーストラリア東岸方面へ派遣した。
• However, encouraged by the aggressive attitude of Imperial Japanese Navy and in order to secure rights and interests in the territories under Japanese occupation: the leased territory of Jiaozhou and the South Sea Islands, it dispatched successively, since February 7, 1917, the first special duty fleet of Imperial Japanese Navy to the area around Indian Ocean and the Cape of Good Hope, the second special duty fleet to the Mediterranean, and the third special duty fleet to the area around the South Pacific Ocean and the east coast of Australia.

• 謙信の義理堅さ、約束事に対する姿勢は大変有名で、北条氏康は彼について「信玄と信長は表裏常なく、頼むに足りぬ人物だ。謙信だけは請け合ったら骨になっても義理を通す人物だ。それ故、肌着を分けて若い大将の守り袋にさせたい」と発言している。
• Kenshin's strong sense of duty and attitude towards convention were very famous, and Ujimasa HOJO said about him as follows: 'Shingen and Nobunaga are always honest and reliable. Kenshin fulfilled duties when he was requested even after his death. Hence, he wished to make talisman for the protection of young Taisho (general) with part of his underclothes'.

• 第二次世界大戦以前の日本における伽耶地方の研究については、当時の併合政策を正当化しようとする姿勢から、『日本書紀』に現れる任那日本府を倭国（大和政権）が朝鮮半島南部を支配するために設置した出先機関であるとする前提に立つものであった。
• Before the World War II, the study of Goya region in Japan stood on the premise that Mimana Nihon-fu, which appears in 'Nihonshoki', was the regional office established by Wakoku (Yamato Administration) to govern the southern area of the Korean Peninsula, which would justify Japan's annexation policy.

• 当初は無宿である者のみを送ったが、天明8年(1788年)には敲や入墨の刑に処されたが身元保証人がいない者、文化(元号)2年(1805年)には人足寄場での行いが悪い者、追放刑を受けても改悛する姿勢が見えない者まで送られるようになった。
• Though at first only homeless people were sent, the scope of who could be sent gradually widened, beginning in 1788 with those who had been punished with flogging or tattooing and had no personal guarantor, continuing in 1805 with those who had acted poorly at their work-houses, and finally extending to those who had shown no contrition for their crimes even after enduring exile.

• しかし、孝明天皇は撫恤のための薪水給与は認めていたが、通商条約や異国人の入国には強く反対しており、また岩倉具視ら多くの公家が関白の幕府寄りの姿勢を批判したため（廷臣八十八卿列参事件参照）、堀田の工作にもかかわらず勅許は得られなかった。
• However, Hotta could not get permission primarily because the Emperor Komei strongly objected to the ideas of allowing foreigners to come into Japan and concluding a commercial treaty, though he did give permission for supplying fuel and water in mercy, and also because many aristocrats including Tomomi IWAKURA criticized Kujo for his attitude towards the shogunate (see the incident that 88 high-ranking aristocrats went on a sit-in protest).

• それでも頼盛は、承安4年（1174年）8月、近衛基通の従三位叙位の拝賀に清盛の指示で付き従い、安元2年（1176年）3月、後白河の50歳の賀のため法住寺殿で催された式典に一門の人々とともに出席するなど、表向きは協調の姿勢を見せていた。
• Even so, Yorimori maintained his outward comportment, as can be seen from the fact that, in accordance with Kiyomori's instruction, Yorimori accompanied the ceremony marking the promotion of Motomichi KONOE to the court rank of Jusanmi in September 1174, and attended the ceremony to celebrate Goshirakawa's age of 50 years old held in Hojuji-dono Palace together with other members of the clan in April 1176.

• 一方家康は武田・北条などの強敵に阻まれてそれ程の勢力拡大こそは果たせなかったものの、苦境においても愚直にも西の信長への信義・忠誠を貫いた姿勢が内外における名声を高めて後年の天下取り（具体的には征夷大将軍の宣下）に役立ったと言われている。
• Meanwhile, prevented by strong enemies such as the Takeda clan and the Hojo clan, Ieyasu could not expand his power as much as he wanted, however, even in the difficult situation, his consistent and stubbornly honest attitude of being faithful and loyal to Nobunaga in the West raised his reputation tremendously within and beyond his territory, which is said to have helped him taking position in reigning the Japanese government (in the concrete terms to have Imperial Proclamation of seii taishogun [literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians']).

• 清盛の死後、宗盛は「故入道の所行等、愚意に叶わざるの事等ありと雖も、諫争する能はず。只彼の命を守りて罷り過ぐる所なり。今に於いては、万事偏に院宣の趣を以て存じ行うべく候」（『玉葉』閏2月6日条）と表明して、後白河に恭順する姿勢を示した。
• After Kiyomori's death, Munemori displayed his intentions to follow Goshirakawa saying 'Even if I did not like certain behavior of the late Nyudo (Kiyomori), I could not rebuke him for it.

• 源頼朝から源実朝までの三代の源氏将軍の時代、鎌倉殿と同族の源氏一門は狭義には河内源氏、広義には清和源氏に広く存在したが、鎌倉殿への忠勤の姿勢を重んじ、同族に対す甘えを許さず、すべての源氏一門が鎌倉殿の親族として処遇されたわけではなかった。
• In the period of three generations of the Genji shogunate family, from MINAMOTO no Yoritomo to MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, the Genji clans that belonged to the same clan of Kamakura-dono existed in the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan) in a restricted sense and in Seiwa-Genji in a broad sense, but not all Genji clans were always treated as the family of Kamakura-dono because the loyalty to Kamakura-dono was highly valued and dependence on the family was not permitted.

• いっぽう、13日に大阪城に戻っていた慶喜は、16日にはイギリス・フランス第二帝政・オランダ王国・アメリカ合衆国・イタリア王国・プロイセン王国6国の公使を引見し、王政復古後も外交権が自らにあることをアピールするなど、強気の姿勢を崩していなかった。
• Meanwhile, after returning to Osaka Castle on 13, Yoshinobu had audiences with ministers of six countries; Britain, Second French Empire, the Netherlands, the United States of America, Italy, and Prussia to appeal that he still held the diplomatic right even after the Restoration of Imperial Rule, showing no sign of softening his stance.

• また、天皇の信頼する宮中側近を宮内大臣の管轄下の宮中顧問官に任じて天皇との直接的な関係を絶ったものの、漢学者として内外の信望の厚い元田を引き続き天皇の私的顧問として遇し、他の側近には爵位を与えて天皇と彼らの天皇への忠誠心を尊重する姿勢も見せた。
• Although he cut direct ties between the Emperor and his trusted close advisors in the Imperial court by assigning them to Imperial court councilor under the jurisdiction of Minister of the Imperial Households, he showed his respect for the Emperor and the close advisors' royalty for the Emperor by continuously treating Motoda, who gained both domestic and international prestige as a scholar of the Chinese classics, as the private advisor to the Emperor and by conferring the dignity of a peerage to other close advisors.

• 射距離によって標的のどの部分を狙うか、伝書に図入りで示され、目的に応じた各種の「射撃姿勢」が描かれ，各据銃姿勢による体の各部位の力の配分や、息遣い、また、「寒夜聞霜（照準時の心持として寒夜に霜を聞くことができるような精神統一）」等を名言として伝えた。
• In the book of secrets, which part of the target to be aimed at in different shooting ranges is shown with illustrations; various 'shooting postures' for different purposes, how to distribute power of each part of the body in each shooting posture, and how to take a breath are also described; the desirable state of mind at sighting a target is expressed with a skillful metaphor as Kanya bunso (mental concentration that one can even sense the frosts coming in a winter night).

• また、特に1951年開始された創価学会の折伏大行進以降になるとスラング的用法として折伏の被害者、熱心な信者即ち加害者双方から信教の自由、民事不介入、少年法の３つが行政、警察、裁判所等公的機関の及び腰な姿勢を示す言葉として三大秘法と表現されるようになった。
• Moreover, particularly after the great march of the Shakubuku (an evangelistic technique, in Japanese meaning 'break and subdue') of Soka Gakkai, which was started in 1951, the three of the freedom of religion, nonintervention against civil affairs and the Juvenile Act have been given the slang expression Sandaihiho in order to show the shilly-shallying of public administrations such as the government, police and courts of law from both sides, specifically the victims of Shakubuku and the assailants (the devout believers).

• こういった問題において、例えば箸は軽度の意識障害や指先の運動機能障害がある場合に大変扱い難い食器となってしまうわけだが、ここで先割れスプーン（特に先端部がフォーク状になっているもの）を使うと、無理な姿勢で食器に顔を近づけずとも、口元まで食事を運びやすい。
• For instance, in these problems, chopsticks are difficult to use for people who have disturbance of consciousness or motility disorder of fingertips, here, if they use spork (particularly, they use the spork with fork-like tip), it is easy for them to bring food to their mouths without moving their faces to eating utensils in unnatural posture.

• 折りしも局外中立を宣言し新政府・旧幕いずれにも加担せずとの姿勢を貫いていた米国は新政府の巧みな切り崩しにより新政府支持を表明、幕府が買い付けたものの局外中立により所有が空中に浮いていた当時最新鋭の装甲軍艦「東艦」は新政府の手中に収まり「甲鉄」と命名された。
• At this point, the United States, which had declared and maintained its position of neutrality, supporting neither the new government nor the former bakufu, due to adept maneuvering by the new government announced that it would support the new government, and as a result the new government took possession of the then newest and most powerful ironclad warship, 'Azumakan,' renaming it 'Kotetsu'; the warship had been purchased by bakufu but hitherto not possessed by any political party because of the neutral status of the United States.

• 実際、長門国守と紛争を起こした在庁官人が意趣返し的に苛政上訴を行う事例や、丹波国守を苛政上訴していた百姓らがその直後に当該国守を称揚する書状を提出した事例、上訴百姓が京にある国守宅に焼き打ちした事例など、むしろ郡司・百姓層に私欲的な姿勢を見いだすこともできる。
• In fact, rather selfish desires of Gunji and farmers can be seen in some cases: for example, Kokushi kasei joso was a revenge by zaichokanjin (the local officials in Heian and Kamakura periods) who had an argument with Nagato no kuni no kami (governor of Nagato Province); farmers submitted a letter to praise their Tanba no kuni no kami immediately after Kokushi kasei joso; and appealing farmers set fire to the kokushi's residence in Kyoto.

• しゃがみこむ姿勢は骨盤底筋群の発達を促し、特に高齢女性にとっては尿漏れを予防できるとする意見がある、背筋を直立させる姿勢のため直腸からの便の排出がしやすい、痔瘻・痔核（いわゆる「ぢ｣）にも優しい、とする意見もある（ただし、洋式の方が優しいとする意見の方が多い）。
• Some say that squatting position develops the muscle in the pelvic floor and prevents elderly women in particular from leaking urine, and others say that it is easy to excrete feces from the rectum because of the posture of a straight back and washiki is good for anal fistula and hemorrhoids (so-called 'piles') (however, more people say that yoshiki is better).

• 持明院統や鎌倉幕府は邦良親王を支援し、親王が急死するとその息子の康仁親王を持明院統の光厳天皇の皇太子に据えて後醍醐天皇系への皇位継承を拒絶する姿勢を見せるが、1333年に鎌倉幕府は滅亡し、後醍醐天皇復位によって木寺宮（後二条天皇系）の皇位継承は否認される事となった。
• Jimyoin-to and the Kamakura shogunate supported Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi (Kuninaga), but after his sudden death, they arranged for his son (Imperial Prince Yasuhito) to become the crown prince for Jimyoin-to's Emperor Kogon in order to demonstrate their rejection of Emperor Go-Daigo's line. This was done to ensure the imperial succession, but due to the collapse of the Kamakura shogunate, Emperor Go-Daigo was restored to the throne and the enthronement of Kidera-no-Miya (who was of Emperor Go-Nijo's line) did not take place.

• だが、鎌倉幕府成立以後、武士階層が次第に政治力と自信をつけてくるにつれて朝廷や貴族による支配を拒絶する態度をより明確にするようになり、その中核をなした御家人などからは極端な官位昇進などを朝廷重視の姿勢の現れであると見なされ、後の暗殺事件への伏線になったとの説もある。
• However, after the Kamakura bakufu was established, as the samurai class gradually became influential in policies and confident, they clearly refused control by the Imperial Court and the nobility, and the main constituent gokenin considered the extreme promotion as an attitude favoring the Imperial Court, and this lead to the later assassination, according to one theory.

• 例示された伊勢貞孝の討伐が象徴的であるが、自前の軍事力を持たない義輝の時代の幕府権力の回復（特に書簡と使者があれば事足りる大名間の調停者としてではなく、軍事力に裏打ちされた畿内の統治者としての権力の回復）は事実上三好長慶の幕府への融和的姿勢により支えられていたものであった。
• As is symbolized by the cited victory over Sadataka ISE, recovery of the Bakufu's power in the age of Yoshiteru, who had no real military force (recovery of power not as a mediator of inter-daimyo (feudal lord) strifes who would need only letters and messengers but as the ruler of the areas surrounding the capital whose position was supported by military force) was virtually supported by the conciliatory posture of Nagayoshi MIYOSHI toward the Bakufu.

• 同盟倶楽部は1892年11月20日に藩閥政権に失望した吏党系議員が民党側に離反した際に結成された院内会派、同志倶楽部は1893年12月5日に自由党_(明治)所属の星亨衆議院議長の不正問題で自由党が星議長の擁護の姿勢を変えないことに抗議した同党議員が離党して結成した院内会派であった。
• The Domei Club was an in-house faction that was formed on November 20, 1892, when the Rito (pro-government) lawmakers who were disappointed by the hanbatsu (domain clique) government defected from the Minto (anti-hanbatsu government political parties), while the Doshi Club was an in-house faction that was formed on December 5, 1893 by some members of the Liberal Party (in the Meiji period) who had left the party after protesting against the fact that despite improper acts perpetrated by Toru HOSHI, the speaker of the Lower House who was a member of the party, the party leadership maintained their stance in defending the speaker.

• 第1回衆議院議員総選挙で合計すると、衆議院の過半数を制した自由党（当時は分裂状態にあり、大同団結運動を経て再統合される）や立憲改進党などの民権派各党は、世論の意思は自分たちにあると捉え、自分達を弾圧してきた藩閥政府やその同調者と見られた保守系政党（大成会など）との対決姿勢を強めた。
• Winning majority in the first general election of the members of the House of Representatives in 1890, the parties demanding the democratic rights such as the Liberal Party (it was split then and reunited through the Great Merger Movement) and the Constitutional Progressive Party and etc. thought that the public was on their side and strengthened the attitude toward the han-dominated government (the members of former Choshu and Satsuma domains who played major part in the Meiji Restoration and had power after the restoration) which suppressed them and toward other conservative parties (the Taiseikai Group and so on) regarded as the followers of the government.

• 国土交通省令で定める航空機には、国土交通省令で定めるところにより航空機の姿勢、高度、位置又は針路を測定するための装置、無線電話その他の航空機の航行の安全を確保するために必要な装置を装備しなければ、これを航空の用に供してはならない。ただし、国土交通大臣の許可を受けた場合は、この限りでない。
• No aircraft specified by Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism shall be used for air navigation unless it is equipped with devices for measuring aircraft attitude, altitude, position or the course to be flown, wireless telephone, and other devices for ensuring the safe flight operations of aircraft pursuant to the provision of Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism; provided, however, that the same shall not apply when permitted by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

• その後の源義経と後白河法皇による源頼朝追討院宣には慎重な姿勢を示したので、義経亡命後、源頼朝の推挙で議奏公卿十人の一人に押され、文治2年（1186年）10月には右大臣、文治5年（1189年）7月に左大臣となり、世に後徳大寺左大臣と称されて、九条兼実の片腕として朝幕関係の取り次ぎに活躍した。
• Thereafter, he showed prudence and caution in how he responded to the Imperial decree to hunt down and destroy MINAMOTO no Yoritomo requested by MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune and issued by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, so that even after Yoshitsune fled the capital, upon Yoritomo's recommendation he was pressed into service as one member of his ten-man council of nobles; in the tenth month of 1186 he was made Udaijin (Minister of the Right), and then in the seventh month of 1189 he ascended to Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), thereafter becoming popularly known as 'Tokudaiji Sadaijin,' and working as Kanezane KUJO's right-hand man to facilitate relations between the court and the shogunate.

• この法令によって意図されたものとしては、今後の室町幕府の土地に関する基本的原則と所領訴訟に対する姿勢が確立して、結果的には守護領国制が事実上公認されたこと、半済から守られることとなった天皇家や摂関家との関係を強化して後年の義満による朝廷・院政支配への道を開いたことの意味の方が大きいと言える。
• Among the goals in the enactment of this law, the following points can be regarded as more significant than others: First, the basic principles of administration of territories and the basic approach toward litigation over territories were established by the Muromachi bakufu, resulting in the de facto recognition of the Shugo-ryogoku system; second, the relationships with the Imperial family and Sekkan-ke, both of which were exempt from hanzei by this law, were strengthened, clearing the way for Yoshimitsu to rule over the Imperial Court and the Retired Emperor in later years.

• 神道国教化政策との絡みや、キリスト教を解禁しても直ちに欧米が条約改正には応じないとする懐疑的な姿勢から来る、政府内の保守派の反対のみばかりでなく、宗教界や一般民衆からも「邪宗門」解禁に反対する声が強く紛糾したものの、明治6年（1873年）2月24日禁制の高札を除去し、その旨を各国に通告した。
• The conservatives in the government opposed it because they thought that allowing Christianity could be an obstacle to establishing Shinto as a state religion, and because they doubted Europe and the United States would accept a revision of the unequal treaty immediately even if they lifted the ban on Christianity, but also because the religious world and people opposed it because they considered Christianity as 'Heresy,', but in any case the government lifted the ban on Christianity and announced it to foreign countries on February 24, 1873.

• 大日本帝国憲法、衆議院議員選挙法が公布された翌日（1889年（明治22年）2月12日）、黒田は鹿鳴館で開催された午餐会の席上において「超然主義演説」を行って政党との徹底対決の姿勢を示したが、その一方で立憲改進党前総裁（実質は党首）で外務大臣 (日本)の大隈重信を留任させて条約改正の任にあたらせた。
• The day after the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and the election law of the members of the House of Representatives were issued (February 12, 1889), KURODA made the speech called 'speech of the doctrine of superiority' in order to show his attitude to cope with the political parties to the bottom in the luncheon held at Rokumeikan, and on the other hand, he had Shigenobu OKUMA, who was also the former president of the Constitutional Progressive Party, stay in the position of Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan) to assign the mission to revise the treaty.

• しかし、慶長16年（1611年）に浅野長政・堀尾吉晴・加藤清正が、18年に池田輝政・浅野幸長、19年に前田利長が亡くなると、豊臣家の孤立はいっそう強まり、その焦りからか幕府に無断で朝廷から官位を賜ったり、兵糧や浪人を集めだし、更には前田氏と誼を通じようとするなど、幕府との対決姿勢を前面に押し出し始めた。
• However, when Nagamasa ASANO and Yoshiharu HORIO and Kiyomasa KATO died in 1611, and Terumasa IKEDA andYoshinaga ASANO in 1618, and Toshinaga MAEDA in 1619, the isolation of the Toyotomi Family became stronger and partly from the impatience the Toyotomi Family began to reveal a policy of confrontation to the bakufu such as receiving official ranks from the Imperial Court without permissions from the bakufu, gathering army provisions and ronin (masterless samurai), in addition, trying to enter into the friendly relations with Maeda clan and so on.

• 姿勢検知、誘導若しくは制御のための全地球的衛星航法装置若しくはデータベース参照航法装置（以下この条において「特定航法装置」という。）を内蔵しているハイブリッド慣性航法装置であって、ノーマルアライメント後における特定航法装置からのデータの喪失後の平均誤差半径が四分間につき一〇メートル未満のもの又はその部分品
• in which mean error radius after loss of data from a specific navigation system after normal alignment is less than 10 meters per four-minute period or components thereof

• しかしながら内務省 (日本)の反対により政治犯釈放は実現せず、その民主化を阻害する姿勢に対し、GHQから1945年10月4日に「政治的・民事的・宗教的自由に対する制限撤廃の覚書」を突き付けられ、治安維持法・特別高等警察等の廃止、政治犯・思想犯の釈放、自由化・民主化に抵抗する内務省幹部の更迭などを命じられた。
• However, the release of political prisoners was not realized due to the opposition of the Ministry of Interior and then, in opposition to the impediment of democratization, GHQ sent out the 'Memorandum on Removal of the Restrictions on the Political, Civilian and Religious Freedom' on October 4, 1945, in which GHQ ordered the Peace Preservation Law and the Special Higher Police abolished and the officials of the Ministry of Interior who opposed liberalization and democratization dismissed.

• 1185年、頼朝政権が平家を滅ぼした直後、頼朝政権の一員だった源行家・源義経が頼朝へ反抗姿勢を見せ始めると、同年11月に頼朝義父の北条時政が上京し、後白河側と交渉を行い、その結果、頼朝側へ、行家・義経追討を名目として荘園・公領から兵糧米を徴収する職（＝地頭・守護）の設置が勅許されることとなった（文治の勅許）。
• In 1185, when MINAMOTO no Yoshiie and MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, who were members of the Yoritomo government, began to oppose Yoritomo immediately after his government defeated the Taira clan, Tokimasa HOJO, Yoritomo's father-in-law, visited Kyoto to negotiate with Emperor Goshirakawa's group in order to obtain imperial permission (the Bunji imperial permission) to create positions ('jito' (land steward) and 'shugo' (provincial military governor)) and to collect supplies of rice for soldiers from manors and imperial territories for the purpose of hunting down and killing Yoshiie and Yoshitsune.

• 航空機用、陸上用、船舶用若しくは宇宙用の慣性航法装置（ジンバル方式又はストラップダウン方式のものに限る。）若しくは姿勢検知、誘導若しくは制御用の慣性装置であって、次のいずれかに該当するもの（本邦又は別表第二に掲げる地域のいずれかの政府機関により、民間航空機用であることを認定されたものを除く。）又はこれらの部分品
• Inertial navigation systems used for aircraft, ground use vessels or space use (limited to gimbal systems or strap down systems) or inertial systems used for attitude sensing, guidance or control which fall under any of the following (excluding those authorized for civil aviation use by Japan or by any of the government organizations indicated in the regions listed in the appended table 2) or components thereof

• カテゴリー二ＩＬＳ（当該ＩＬＳを利用して精密進入を行う最低の高度が滑走路進入端を含む水平面の上方六〇メートル未満三〇メートル以上であるＩＬＳをいう。以下同じ。）のローカライザー装置にあつては、コースライン上で水平面に対し横に二〇度傾斜した姿勢の航空機のローカライザー受信装置で示されるＤＤＭ相当値が〇・〇〇八となる値
• In the case of a localizer of ILS Category II (which refers to an ILS on which the minimum height for an aircraft to perform a precision approach by using said ILS is 30 meters or more to less than 60 meters above the horizontal plane including the runway approach end edge; hereafter the same shall apply)

• さらに朝鮮に対する基本姿勢として、三条はこの江華島事件に対して「相応なる賠償を求む」べきとしながら、使節団の目的を「我主意の注ぐ所は、交を続くに在るを以て、・・・和約を結ぶことを主とし、彼能我が和交を修め、貿易を広むるの求に従ひときは、即此を以て雲揚 (軍艦)の賠償と看做し、承諾すること」だと述べていた（強調、加筆者）。
• Furthermore, as a basic attitude towards Korea, Sanjo considered 'Japan should require suitable compensation,' while stating about the purpose of the envoy 'the main objective is to continue the negotiation, then conclude a treaty of peace, when they conclude the peace treaty and obey the demand to expand trading, we should regard this attitude as compensation for the battle ship and accept it' (emphasized and amended by the writer).

• そのため、室町幕府は応安の半済令を定めて寺社本所領の下地中分を強行する代わりに一切の押領を認めない（ただし、禁裏御料・殿下渡領・本所一円支配地は半済そのものも否認する）姿勢を取ったが、戦国時代 (日本)になるとそれも有名無実化して直務支配下にあった一部例外を除いたほとんどの寺社本所領は戦国大名や国人に奪われていくことになる。
• To cope with this situation, the Muromachi bakufu took the attitude of rejecting all the cases of embezzlement by forcing shitaji chubun (physical division of the shoen) on the jisha honjoryo by promulgating oan no hanzeirei (half-tax decrees in the oan era) (but, even the half-tax measure was rejected for kinri goryo, denka watariryo, and honjo ichien shihaichi); however, during the Sengoku period (warring states period), the decree became in name only and most part of the jisha honjoryo except for the land under the direct rule was deprived by sengoku daimyo (local chieftain of warring province) and kokujin (leading local warrior).

• カテゴリー三ＩＬＳ（当該ＩＬＳを利用して精密進入を行う最低の高度が滑走路進入端を含む水平面の上方三〇メートル未満であるＩＬＳをいう。以下同じ。）のローカライザー装置にあつては、水平偏波によるＤＤＭが〇・〇二以下である範囲で、水平面に対し横に二〇度傾斜した姿勢の航空機のローカライザー受信装置で示されるＤＤＭ相当値が〇・〇〇五となる値
• In the case of a localizer of ILS Category III (which refers to an ILS on which the minimum height for an aircraft to perform a precision approach by using said ILS is less than 30 meters above the horizontal plane including the runway approach end edge; hereafter the same shall apply)

• そのように明治政府の朝鮮政府に対する内政改革の要望にもとづいた外交施策がされていた中、福澤諭吉らもそれに反対するようなことはなかったが、その2年後、以下記述するような朝鮮政府の内政改革派（開化派）に対する弾圧を見て、福澤諭吉らは「猶予ある可らず」とか「正に西洋人が之に接するの風に從て處分す可きのみ。」とか「謝絶」というそれまでの姿勢とは全く逆の結論に至ることになる。
• While diplomatic measures were conducted based upon the request of the domestic administration reform toward the Korean government by the Meiji government, Yukichi FUKUZAWA and others were not against it but two years after that, after watching suppression of the pro-domestic administration reform group (Progressive group 'the Kaehwadang') by the Korean government as below, they reached a totally opposite conclusion to their former attitude saying 'we do not have the luxury of time to wait,' 'Simply adapting the ways of the Westerners is sufficient' and 'the refusal.'

• アメリカ合衆国での火葬率は、プロテスタント保守派の間で禁忌が強いこともあり20%強にとどまるといわれるものの、一方で、同じキリスト教圏にあるともいえるイギリス、及び同国の影響下にある、あった国々の多くでは、いずれの70%強、ないしこれに準ずるの火葬率を示していることから、火葬と、これを禁忌とする素因を宗教的側面については、一定の留保をもって臨む姿勢が求められるであろう。
• In the United States the cremation rate only reaches a little more than 20%, because there is a strong taboo among the conservative Protestants, but on the other hand, in the United Kingdom, another Christian country, and many of the countries which were or have been under British influence, the rate is around 70% and therefore, looking to religious aspects for reasons against cremation may not necessarily be correct.

• カテゴリー一ＩＬＳ（当該ＩＬＳを利用して精密進入を行う最低の高度が滑走路進入端（航空機が当該ＩＬＳを利用して着陸する側における滑走路末端をいう。以下この条において同じ。）を含む水平面の上方六〇メートル以上であるＩＬＳをいう。以下同じ。）のローカライザー装置にあつては、コースライン上で水平面に対し横に二〇度傾斜した姿勢の航空機のローカライザー受信装置で示されるＤＤＭ相当値が〇・〇一六となる値
• In the case of a localizer of ILS Category I (which refers to an ILS on which the minimum height for an aircraft to perform a precision approach by using said ILS is 60 meters or more above the horizontal plane including the runway approach end edge (which refers to the end of a runway on the landing side for the aircraft using said ILS; the same shall apply in this Article); hereafter the same shall apply)

• 法第六十条の規定により、計器飛行等を行う航空機に装備しなければならない装置は、次の表の飛行の区分に応じ、それぞれ、同表の装置の欄に掲げる装置であつて、同表の数量の欄に掲げる数量以上のものとする。ただし、航空機のあらゆる姿勢を指示することができるジャイロ式姿勢指示器を装備している航空機にあつてはジャイロ式旋回計、自衛隊の使用する航空機のうち国土交通大臣が指定する型式のものにあつては外気温度計、航空運送事業の用に供する最大離陸重量が五千七百キログラムを超える飛行機（同表の規定によりＶＯＲ受信装置を装備しなければならないこととされるものに限る。）以外の航空機にあつては機上ＤＭＥ装置は、装備しなくてもよいものとする。
• An aircraft making an instrument flight, etc. under the provisions of Article 60 of the Act shall be equipped with devices as specified in the following table under the column for Devices, and the minimum number of devices required shall be as specified under the column for Number in the following table. However, aircraft equipped with a gyroscopic attitude indicator capable of indicating all possible aircraft attitudes shall not be required to be equipped with a Gyro Turn Indicator; aircraft of the types specified by the Minister for Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism used by Self Defense Forces shall not be required to be equipped with an Outside Air (Free Air) Temperature Gauge; and aeroplanes with maximum take-off weight exceeding 5,700 kilograms used for air transport services (limited to aircraft required to be equipped with a VOR Receiver under the regulations of the following Table) shall not be required to be equipped with a DME Interrogator.